Ahimsa Vyakti aur Samaj

Author(s): Mahapragna Acharya
Publisher: Jain Vishva Bharati
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/003066/1

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ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja pamAkkhA vazvabhara patIlADanU Jain Education Intemational For Private & Personal use only

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ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja jaina vizva bhAratI, mAnya vizvavidyAlaya (ahiMsA aura zAMti-zodha pAThayakrama ke anusAra) nirdezana AcArya tulasI yuvAcArya mahAprajJa samAkalana muni sukhalAla jaina vizva bhAratI iMsTITyUTa (DImDa yunivarsiTI) tulasIgrAma, lADanU-341306 (ji0 nAgaura, rAjasthAna)

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prathama saMskaraNa : 1992 mUlya : 25.00 rupaye AHIMSA : VYAKTI AUR SAMAJ Rs. 25.00 mudraka : mitra pariSad, kalakattA ke Athika saujanya se sthApita jaina vizva bhAratI presa, lADanUM (rAjasthAna)

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AzIrvacana jisa puruSa ne ahiMsA kA AviSkAra kiyA, vaha duniyA kA mahAn vaMjJAnika athavA sabase bar3A vaijJAnika thA / ahiMsA hai to satya kI khoja calatI hai| vaha nahIM hai to khoja kA daravAjA hI banda ho jAtA / jIvana meM hiMsA kI anivAryatA hai, ise saba loga jAnate haiM kintu jIvana meM ahiMsA kI anivAryatA hai, ise bahuta kama loga jAnate haiM / ahiMsA ke siddhAMta ko vyApakatA dene kA artha hai, isa sacAI ko vistAra denA ki ahiMsA sabase adhika anivArya hai| yadi saba manuSya kevala hiMsA se jInA prAraMbha kare to saMbhavataH koI nahIM bace / samAja isIlie calatA hai ki usameM hiMsA kI apekSA ahiMsA kA vyavahAra adhika hai| vyakti isIlie jIvita hai ki usake jIvana meM hiMsA kI apekSA ahiMsA ke tattva adhika haiM / koI bhI vyakti caubIsa ghaMTA hiMsA nahIM krtaa| vaha jIvana kI AvazyakatAoM ko pUrA karane ke lie hiMsA kA sahArA letA hai kintu saMkalpapUrvaka hiMsA se bacatA rahatA hai| isIlie samAja meM aparAdha kI apekSA aparAdha-hInatA kA vAtAvaraNa adhika hai| Aja ke saMcAra mAdhyamoM aura manoraMjana ke sAdhanoM ne hiMsA ko adhika uddIpana diyA hai aura ve dete jA rahe haiM / isa sthiti meM ahiMsA kA sazakta vAtAvaraNa nirmita nahIM kiyA gayA to samAja meM jaMgalI jAnavaroM kI sthiti paidA ho jaaegii| jaina vizva bhAratI mAnya vizvadyAlaya ne ahiMsA evaM zAnti zodha (Non Violence and Peace resarch) kA vibhAga sthApita kara ahiMsA ko vistAra dene kI dizA meM apanA caraNa Age bar3hAyA hai / AcAryazrI tulasI ne ahiMsA prazikSaNa ke siddhAMta kA pratipAdana kara janamAnasa ko jAgata karane kA prayatna kiyA hai / AkramaNa, chInA-jhapaTI, aprAmANikatA, anaitikatA, lUTa-khasoTa aura pravaMcanA ke vAtAvaraNa meM isakI bahuta apekSA hai| apekSA haivyaktiyoM meM burAiyoM ko tirohita kara acchAiyoM ko ubhArA jaae| ahiMsA ke kSetra meM bhagavAna mahAvIra, bhagavAn buddha se lekara Aja taka aneka mahApuruSoM ne kArya kiyA hai| pustaka meM mahAtmA gAMdhI, AcArya tulasI, jayaprakAza nArAyaNa, vinobA Adi aneka ahiMsA ke cintakoM kA cintana saMkalita hai / isakA saMkalana muni sukhalAlajI ne kiyA hai| yaha ahiMsA evaM zAMtizodha meM ruci rakhane vAloM ke lie bahuta upayogI siddha hogaa| 1 pharavarI, 62 jaina vizva bhAratI, lADanUM (rAja.) -yuvAcArya mahAprajJa

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nayA kadama ahiMsA jIvana kA nAbhika hai| yaha kevala dharma aura adhyAtma kI bAta nahIM hai samAja aura rAjanIti bhI isake binA artha-zUnya hai| isakA eka sirA jahAM aparigraha se jur3A huA hai, vahAM dUsarA sirA parigraha se bhI jur3A huA hai| isameM koI zaka nahIM ki artha jIvana kI anivArya apekSA hai / yadyapi kucha saMnyAsI logoM ko paise kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI, para ve bhI padArtha-mukta jIvana to nahIM jI sakate / zarIra hai taba taka usakA poSaNa anivArya hai| bahuta prAcIna kAla meM padArtha aura AdamI ke bIca meM sikkA nahIM thaa| padArtha kA vinimaya hI eka-dUsare kI AvazyakatA ko paripUrta karatA thaa| dhIre-dhIre vaha vyavasthA ghisa gaI aura sikkA jIvana meM isa taraha virAjamAna ho gayA ki vahI jIvana kA dhyeya bana gayA / yaha bhI sahI hai ki prArambha meM sikke ne samAja ko gatizIla banAyA thaa| para dhIre-dhIre usake cAroM ora paravazatA kA aisA sikaMjA kasa gayA ki na kevala usakA eka zAstra hI bana gayA apitu usake kAraNa samAja bhI aneka visaMgatiyoM se ghira gayA / Aja arthazAstra jina avadhAraNAoM ko lekara Age bar3ha rahA hai usase manuSya kI samasyAeM aura adhika ulajha rahI hai / eka ora pUMjIvAda kA peTa moTA ho rahA hai to dUsarI ora garIba kA peTa itanA picaka gayA hai ki jIvana hI saMkaTagrasta ho gayA hai / garIbI aura bhImarI kI khAI to caur3I huI hI hai, para jIvana hI itanA kaTa-phaTa gayA hai ki eka naI arthanIti ko rekhAMkita karanA anivArya ho gayA hai| aNuvrata cUMki ahiMsA kA eka sazakta Andolana hai, aparigraha kI pratiSThA ke binA use saMsthApita nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, ata: yaha Avazyaka huA ki usakI ora se eka naI arthanIti ko paribhASita kiyA jAye / aNuvrata kA ghoSa hai-saMyama : khalu jIvanam / isa dRSTi se usakI ora se prastAvita arthanIti kA kendra saMyama rahe yaha svAbhAvika hai / saMyama ko protsAhita karane ke lie samaya-samaya para aneka logoM ne apane stutya prayAsa kie haiN| aNuvrata una saba prayatnoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara hI naye arthazAstra ko paribhASita karane kI kauziza kara rahA hai| aNuvrata anuzAstA AcArya zrI tulasI evaM aNuvrata-darzana ke prANapratiSThApaka yuvAcAryazrI mahAprajJa eka adhyAtma-puruSa haiM, ataH artha-carcA unake lie sIdhI prAsaMgika nahIM banatI, para jaba aNuvrata kI bhUmikA para dRSTipAta

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chaha kiyA jAtA hai taba yaha nitAMta Avazyaka ho jAtA hai ki artha ko saMyama ke najariye se dekhA-parakhA jAye / yaha sahI hai ki Aja saMsAra jitanA Age bar3ha gayA hai use saMyama ke kendra se jor3anA bar3A muzkila hai / para yaha bhI sahI hai ki usake binA koI cArA bhI nahIM hai| ataH kaTu hote hue bhI Aja ke roga kI yaha eka anivArya auSadhi hai| prastuta pustaka meM yahI prayAsa mukharita huA ho| isa prayAsa meM mukhya rUpa se AcArya zrI tulasI evaM yuvAcArya zrI mahAprajJa ke vicAroM ko hI pratibimbita kiyA gayA hai| para phira bhI mahAtmA gAMdhI, vinobA bhAve, jayaprakAza nArAyaNa, kAkA kAlelakara, dhanazyAmadAsa bir3alA, glena DI peja Adi anya ahiMsaka vicArakoM ko bhI zAmila kiyA gayA mahAzramaNa munizrI muditakumAra jI tathA prekSA-prazikSaka munizrI mahendrakumAra jI kA sahAyya bhI mere lie bahuta mUlyavAn rahA hai| prastuta artha-zAstra ko kevala vaicArika AdhAra pradAna karanA hI paryApta nahIM samajhA gyaa| yaha bhI apekSita samajhA gayA ki use bhAvanAtmaka parivartana se bhI jor3A jAye / isa dRSTi se aNuvrata ke AsapAsa prekSA-dhyAna tathA jIvanavijJAna kA eka pUrA tAnA-bAnA hai| usI saMdarbha meM jisa rAsAyanika parivartana kI vidhA kA prakaTana yahAM huA hai use bhI isa saMgraha kI arthanIti kA mukhya AdhAra mAnA gayA hai| yaha sahI hai ki Adhunika arthazAstra se prabhAvita mastiSka ko yaha naI artha-saMdhAraNA sahaja rUpa se gRhIta nahIM ho sakegI tathA ise lAgU karanA to aura bhI adhika kaThina pratIta hogA / para yadi hama ImAnadArI se koI zAMtimaya evaM nirApada vizva-vyavasthA cAhate haiM to isake sivAya aura koI vikalpa bhI nahIM hai / kamajora aura abuddha AdamI ko aura adhika kamajora evaM padadalita hone se bacAnA hai to samRddha evaM prabuddha logoM ko apane Apa para saMyama kA bAMdha lagAnA hI hogaa| isa dRSTi se jaina vizva bhAratI saMsthAna ne eka naI pahala kI hai| isIlie ahiMsA aura zAMti-zodha jaise durUha viSaya ko apane snAtakottara pAThyakrama meM zAmila kiyaa| sacamuca yaha eka sAhasika aura lIka se haTa kara liyA gayA nirNaya hai| isa dRSTi se bhI isa pustaka kA apanA eka mahattvapUrNa saMdarbha hai| AzA kI jAnI cAhie ki isa pahala ke kucha pariNAma bhI aayeNge| -muni sukhalAla jaina vizva bhAratI saMsthAna lADanUM 26 janavarI, 1962

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lekha vizvazAMti aura ahiMsA ahiMsA ke AdhArabhUta tattva asA prakAza hai sahI vikalpa hai lekhaka ahiMsA : AcAra aura vicAra AcArya tulasI AcArya tulasI AcArya tulasI mahAtmA gAMdhI 21 vinobA bhAve gAMdhI : jaisA vinobA ne dekhA - samajhA 28 AcArya tulasI aNuvrata : gati-pragati AcArya tulasI ahiMsA kI zakti krAMti aura ahiMsA ahiMsA aura vIrava ahiMsA : zAstra hI nahIM zastra bhI ahiMsA aura mAnava - niSThA ahiMsA kI jIvana-zailI gAMdhI jIvana zailI ne soca kI dizAyeM badalI ghanazyAma dAsa bir3alA ahiMsA ke vibhinna rUpa anukrama khAdI aura ahiMsA ahiMsA kA prazikSaNa pustaka 3 vizvazAti aura ahiMsA 13 aNuvibhA, smArikA 16 kuhAse meM ugatA sUraja 18 ahiMsA aura satya 35 aNuvrata : gati pragati 36 kuhAse meM ugatA sUraja AcArya tulasI 41 kAkA kAlelakara jIvana saMskRti kI naI dizA 44 AcArya tulasI kuhAse meM ugatA sUraja 46 jaina bhAratI 1960 mArca 51 AcArya tulasI gRhastha ko bhI adhikAra hai dharma karane kA AcArya tulasI 56 yuvAcArya mahAprajJa prekSAdhyAna pharavarI 1961 53 aNuvrata : gati pragati

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ATha zAMti aura ahiMsA upakrama sArvabhauma ahiMsA ke bane hiMsA aura ahiMsA hiMsA kI jar3a yuvAcArya mahAprajJa hiMsA aura ahiMsA zabda kA dvaMdva 87 AcArya tulasI gRhastha ko bhI adhikAra hai dharma karane kA hiMsA ke kAraNa : abhAva aura atibhAva eo AcArya tulasI aNuvrata gati-pragati AcArya tulasI 67 vaijJAnikoM kA sAmUhika prativedana, aNuvibhA ( smArikA ) 101 AcArya tulasI kuhAse meM ugatA sUraja 104 ahiMsA ke achUte pahalU yuvAcArya mahAprajJa 108 AcArya tulasI kuhAse meM ugatA sUraja yuddha aura zAMti AkrAmaka manovRtti ke hetu hiMsA manuSya kA svabhAva nahIM mana se bhI hotI hai hiMsA sAmUdAyika jIvana aura sahiSNutA mAnavikI paryAvaraNa meM asaMtulana yuddha ke 77 AcArya tulasI, gRhastha ko bhI adhikAra hai dharma karate kA yuddha kI saMskRti kaise panapatI hai ? yaha samasyA hai samAdhAna nahIM yuddha kI lapaToM meM kAMpatI saMskRti AcArya tulasI 67 DA0 glena DI peja aNuvibhA ( smArikA ) pariNAma kaTu vizva zAMti kI AcAra saMhitA yuddha aura ahiMsaka pratikAra AcArya tulasI 61 avibhA (smArikA ) AcArya tulasI muni sukhalAla AcArya tulasI AcArya tulasI 78 ahiMsA ke achUte pahalU kuhAse meM ugatA sUraja 118 : AcArya tulasI anaitikatA kI dhUpa aNuvrata kI chatarI 121 vijJAna ke saMdarbha meM 63 aNuvrata ke aloka meM 113 kuhAse meM ugatA sUraja 116 125 aNuvrata ke Aloka meM 128 kyA dharma buddhigamya hai ?

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136 yuddha kA samAdhAna : ahiMsA 132 AcArya tulasI aNuvrata : gati-pragati aNubama nahIM aNuvrata cAhie AcArya tulasI kyA dharma buddhigamya hai ? eTamI yuddha TAlane kI dizA meM pahalA prayAsa 138 AcArya tulasI kuhAse meM ugatA sUraja samAja aura aparigraha vyakti aura samAja yuvAcArya mahAprajJa, satya kI khoja : anekAMta ke Aloka meM svastha samAja-racanA kA saMkalpa yuvAcArya mahAprajJa jIvana-vijJAna samAja-racanA ke AdhAra AcArya tulasI aNuvrata : gati-pragati samAjavAda aura ahiMsA 173 AcArya tulasI aNuvrata : gati-pragati zoSaNa-vihIna samAja-racanA | AcArya tulasI aNuvrata ke Aloka meM sAmAjika krAMti aura usakA svarUpa ___ AcArya tulasI, anaitikatA kI dhUpa : aNuvrata kI chatarI aNuvrata prerita samAja-racanA AcArya tulasI aNuvrata ke Aloka meM zoSaNa-mukta samUha-cetanA 175 AcArya tulasI aNuvrata : gati-pragati samAjavAdI vyavasthA aura hiMsA kA alpIkaraNa AcArya tulasI aNuvrata : gati pragati samAjavAdI vyavasthA aura parigraha kA alpIkaraNa 182 AcArya tulasI aNuvrata : gati-pragati AvazyakatAoM para niyantraNa hI samAjavAda kI nIMva 186 jayaprakAza nArAyaNa samAjavAda se sarvodaya kI ora samUha cetanA kA vikAsa kuhAse meM ugatA sUraja artha-vyavasthA ke sUtra 165 yuvAcArya mahAprajJa samAja vyavasthA ke sUtra arthataMtra aura naitikatA 200 AcArya tulasI, anaitikatA kI dhUpa : aNuvrata kI chatarI 172 2

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dasa vyavasAya-taMtra aura satya-sAdhanA 203 AcArya tulasI aNuvrata ke Aloka meM saMgraha kI pariNati : saMgharSa 206 AcArya tulasI aNuvrata ke Aloka meM samasyA kA mUla parigraha-cetanA 206 AcArya tulasI kuhAse meM ugatA sUraja parigraha kA mUlya 210 AcArya tulasI gRhastha ko bhI adhikAra hai dharma karane kA dharma se AjIvikA : icchA parimANa yuvAcArya mahAprajJa, satya kI khoja : anekAMta ke Aloka meM aparigrahI cetanA kA vikAsa 220 AcArya tulasI gRhastha ko bhI adhikAra hai dharma karane kA samAja-vyavasthA aura ahiMsA 222 AcArya tulasI aNuvrata : gati-pragati sAmyavAda aura adhyAtma 224 AcArya tulasI, anaitikatA kI dhUpa : aNuvrata kI chatarI 212

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ahiMsA : AcAra aura vicAra

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vizvazAMti aura ahiMsA samAja meM aneka loga hote haiN| ve paraspara eka sUtra se baMdhe hue hote haiM / vaha sUtra hai-prsprtaa| aneka honA samUha hai| kevala samUha samAja nahIM bntaa| samAja parasparatA ke sUtra se baMdhakara hI banatA hai / eka dhAge meM piroe hue manake mAlA kA rUpa lete haiM / usa dhAge kA mUlyAMkana karanA sabase adhika Avazyaka hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra kI paccIsavIM nirmANa zatAbdI manAI gii| usa avasara para eka jaina pratIka prastuta kiyA gayA / usakI AdhAra-bhitti meM eka sUtra aMkita hai-- "parasparopagraho jIvAnAm / " yaha jaina paramparA ke prathama saMskRta graMtha kA eka mahattvapUrNa sUtra hai| isakA artha hai-jIvoM meM paraspara upagraha-anugraha athavA upakAra kA saMbaMdha hai| udyogapati apane majadUra ko vetana detA hai aura majadUra udyogapati ke hita kA sAdhana karatA hai tathA ahita kA nivAraNa karatA hai-yaha hai paraspara-upagraha / AcArya apane ziSya ko jJAna detA aura usase anuSThAna karAtA hai| ziSya AcArya ke anukUla pravRtti karatA hai, unake nirdeza ko zirodhArya karatA hai / yaha hai paraspara-upagraha / hamAre jIvana kA sUtra saMgharSa nahIM hai / saMgharSa eka vivazatA hai| vaha svataMtra pravRtti nahIM hai| paraspara-upagraha yaha usakI svataMtra pravRtti hai| saMgharSa jIvana hai-yaha sUtra manuSya ko hiMsA kI ora unmukha karatA hai| paraspara-upagraha kI dhAraNA use ahiMsA kI ora le jAtI hai| hama sAmAjika jIvana jI rahe haiN| samAja kA ghaTaka hai vyakti / jaisA vyakti hotA hai vaisA samAja hotA hai| jaisA samAja hotA hai vaisA vyakti hotA hai / ina donoM vikalpoM meM saccAI hai, kintu saapekss| vartamAna meM samAja kI avadhAraNA Arthika vyavasthA aura paristhiti se jur3I huI hai| Arthika vyavasthA aura paristhiti acchI hai to vyakti acchA hogA, yaha mAna liyA gayA hai| isameM nimitta ko saba kucha mAna liyA hai| vyakti kI apanI yogyatA kI upekSA kI gaI hai / acchAI aura burAI kA upAdAna yA mUla kAraNa haivyakti kI apanI yogyatA aura usakA nimitta kAraNa hai--Arthika-vyavasthA aura sAmAjika paristhiti / vyakti ke saMdarbha meM isa siddhAMta kI AlocanA kareM to yaha tarka kI kasauTI para kharA nahIM utrtaa| jaisA vyakti vaisA samAja-isa siddhAMta meM mUla kAraNa ko saba kucha mAna liyA gayA aura nimitta kAraNa kI upekSA kI gaI isalie yaha bhI

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ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja paripUrNa nahIM hai / mUla meM zakti hotI hai, para nimitta kA yoga mile binA usakI abhivyakti nahIM hotii| samagratA kI dRSTi se vicAra kareM to yaha sUtra banegA-vyakti, Arthika vyavasthA aura sAmAjika vyavasthA / ina tInoM meM sApekSa aura saMtulita parivartana ho tabhI svastha samAja yA ahiMsaka samAja kI parikalpanA kI jA sakatI hai| soviyata rUsa, cIna Adi aneka dezoM meM Arthika vyavasthA aura samAjavyavasthA ke parivartana para bahuta bhAra diyA gyaa| phalasvarUpa vahAM vyavasthAeM badala gaIM, phira bhI vyakti nahIM badalA / vyakti Aja bhI vaisA hI hai| niyaMtraNa kI sthiti meM bhI Arthika aura sAmAjika aparAdha ho rahe haiM / yadi niyaMtraNa ko DhIlA kiyA jAe to aparAdha kI vRddhi ho sakatI hai| korA vyavasthAparivartana paryApta nahIM hai| ise samAjavAdI yA sAmyavAdI jIvana-praNAlI ke saMdarbha meM dekhA jA sakatA hai| briTena, amarIkA, hindustAna Adi dezoM meM lokataMtrIya praNAlI cala rahI hai| usameM vyakti ko vANI, lekhana aura abhivyakti kI svataMtratA prApta hai| kintu vyakti kI upekSA nahIM kI gaI hai| hara vyakti ko apanI yogyatA ke vikAsa kA samAna avasara diyA gayA hai| Arthika aura sAmAjika vyavasthA para pUrA niyaMtraNa nahIM hai / isalie lokataMtrIya praNAlI meM eka vyakti arabapati bana sakatA hai aura dUsarA roTI ke lie tarasatA raha jAtA hai| jIvana-nirvAha ke sAdhanoM kI upalabdhi kI anivArya vyavasthA nahIM hai| vyaktigata svAmitva kI koI sImA nahIM hai| hamAre vizva kI sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa donoM (lokataMtrIya aura sAmyavAdI) praNAliyoM meM hiMsA ke bIja nihita haiN| aba vizvazAMti ke lie eka tIsarI praNAlI ke vikAsa kI AvazyakatA hai / jaina darzana kA eka mahattvapUrNa siddhAMta hai-anekAMtavAda / usake anusAra tIsarI jAti nirdoSa hotI hai| darzana ke kSetra meM nityavAda kI avadhAraNA mAnya hai / anityavAda bhI sammata hai| anekAMta ke anusAra ye donoM nirdoSa nahIM haiN| ina donoM kA samanvaya kara nityAnityavAda banatA hai| vaha nirdoSa hai| ThIka isI prakAra samAjavAdI arthavyavasthA kA sUtra-~-vyaktigata svAmitva kI sImA aura lokataMtra kI vyaktigata svataMtratA-ina donoM kA yoga kara samAja-vyaktivAdI praNAlI kA vikAsa kiyA jAe to vizva zAMti kI samasyA ko sthAI samAdhAna diyA jA sakatA hai| suprasiddha itihAsakAra "TAyanabI" ne roTI aura AsthA ke prazna ko vizva ke sammukha rakhA thA / roTI ko chor3akara AsthA aura AsthA ko chor3akara roTI pAne kI pravRtti nirdoSa nahIM ho sktii| jisa praNAlI meM roTI aura AsthA donoM kA samIcIna yoga ho, vahI praNAlI vizva zAMti ke lie prazasta ho sakatI hai|

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vezva-zAMti aura ahiMsA sahaastitva hama eka pRthvI para jI rahe haiM, eka hI sauramaMDala ke prabhAva kSetra meM zvAsa le rahe haiM / antarnakSatrIya vikiraNa hama saba ko prabhAvita kara rahA hai| hama sabako anukUla vAtAvaraNa aura paryAvaraNa kI apekSA rahatI hai| isa prAkRtika sthiti ne saha-astitva kI dhAraNA ko janma diyA hai / hameM eka sAtha jInA hai, eka sAtha rahanA hai / yaha hamArI prakRti hai / isa prakRti meM kucha avarodha bhI haiN| prAkRtika aura bhaugolika avarodha kama haiM, kRtrima yA kAlpanika avarodha adhika haiN| hamane bahuta sArI mAnyatAeM aura dhAraNAeM banA lI haiN| unakI cAdara ko or3hakara hama ghUma rahe haiN| isalie vAstavikatA ke sAtha hamArA sIdhA saMparka nahIM hotA / cAdara kI or3hanI meM DhakI huI AMkheM jo dekhatI haiM, vahI hamAre lie saccAI banI huI hai| isa cAdara se chanakara jo zvAsa A rahA hai, vahI hamAre lie zuddha prANavAyu hai| khulI AMkha se dekhane aura khule nAka se sAMsa lene kA avasara kama milatA hai, yA nahIM miltaa| isIlie manuSya-manuSya ke bIca bahuta bar3I dIvAreM khar3I haiN| ve eka-dUsare ko dekha hI nahIM pA rahI haiN| sAkSAtkAra ke binA eka-dUsare ko samajhane kA avasara hI kahAM AtA hai ? jAti-bheda, raMga-bheda aura saMpradAya-bheda-yaha bheda kI tripuTI hai| isa tripuTI ne manuSya ko bAMTa diyA aura itanA bAMTa diyA ki usake sAmane zatrutA kA darzana jitanA spaSTa hai, maitrI kA darzana utanA spaSTa nahIM hai| isa zatratA ke darzana ne prAkRtika saha-astitva ko vikRti jaisA banA diyaa| Aja vizva-maMtrI yA vizva zAMti ke siddhAnta ko samajhAne ke lie bahuta prayatna kI jarUrata par3atI hai / zatrutA aura azAMti ko samajhAne kI koI jarUrata nahIM hai| eka vyakti hindustAna kA nAgarika hai, dUsarA pAkistAna kaa| yaha rASTrIyatA kA bheda unheM bAMTe hue hai| hindustAna ke vyakti meM hindustAna kI bhUmi ke prati jitanA lagAva hotA hai, utanA pAkistAnI manuSya ke prati lagAva nahIM hai / vAstava meM manuSya manuSya ke adhika nikaTa hotA hai / vyavahAra isase bhinna hai / vyavahAra kI sImA meM padArtha ke prati jitanA lagAva hai utanA manuSya ke prati nahIM hai / jAti, raMga aura saMpradAya kI dhAraNA ke prati jitanA lagAva hai utanA manuSya ke prati nahIM hai / vAstavika satya aura vyavahAra kI dUrI sacamuca eka jaTila samasyA hai| darzana zAstra meM tIna prakAra ke virodha nirdiSTa haiM-pratibidhya-pratibaMdhaka, badhya-baMdhaka aura sahAnavasthAna / balba prakAza kI razmiyoM ko bikhera rahA thA, itane meM kisI ne svica oNpha kara diyaa| prakAza aMdhakAra meM badala gayA / yaha pratibadhya-pratibaMdhaka jAti kA virodha hai / sAMpa aura nevale meM

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ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja badhya-baMdhaka jAti kA virodha hai / pAnI aura Aga eka sAtha nahIM raha sakate isalie unameM sahAnavasthAna jAti kA virodha hai| bheda aura virodha kI sthiti meM hama saha astitva kI kalpanA nahIM kara skte| jaina-darzana ne isa samasyA kA samAdhAna khojaa| usa samAdhAna kI bhitti para ahiMsA kI pratiSThA kI gii| anekAnta meM virodha ke parihAra kA eka prazasta dRSTikoNa hai| usakA eka sUtra hai-isa vizva meM sarvathA virodha aura sarvathA avirodha jaisA kucha bhI nahIM hai| sarvathA bheda aura sarvathA abhedaye satya nahIM haiN| jahAM virodha abhivyakta hai, vahAM avirodha usake nIce chipA huA hai| isI prakAra bheda ke nIce abheda aura abheda ke nIce bheda tirohita rahatA hai| hama kevala bheda aura virodha ko dekhate haiM to hiMsA ko bala milatA hai| kevala abheda aura avirodha ko dekhate haiM, to hamArI upayogitA kI dhAraNA TUTatI hai / vyavahAra ThIka se nahIM calatA, isalie bheda aura abheda tathA virodha aura avirodha meM sApekSatA kA anubhava karanA, unameM sAmaMjasya sthApita karanA hiMsA kI samasyA kA samAdhAna hai| isI AdhAra para saha-astitva ke siddhAMta kI kriyAnviti kI jA sakatI hai| padArthavAdI dRSTikoNa ____ manuSya meM ahaMkAra kI vRtti hai isalie vaha bar3A bananA cAhatA hai| athavA sabase bar3A bananA cAhatA hai| isa mahattvAkAMkSA se padArthavAda kI AdhArazilA nirmita huI hai| manuSya meM saMvedana hai| vaha priya saMvedana cAhatA hai / isa sukhavAdI aura suvidhAvAdI dRSTikoNa ne padArthavAda kA prAsAda khar3A kiyA hai / padArtha vAda ke prAsAda kI UMcAI ko chUne vAlA koI bhI vyakti nIce khar3e logoM kI ora dekhanA hI nahIM caahtaa| Aja vyakti-zakti apane aMhakAra aura sukha-suvidhA kI dizA meM lagI huI hai| phira hama vizva-zAMti aura ahiMsA kI bAta kaise soceM aura kaise usakI kriyAnviti kareM ? zAMti aura ahiMsA korA darzana hI nahIM hai, vaha eka AcaraNa hai| siddhAnta kI apekSA AcaraNa kA pakSa adhika kaThina hai| pUre samAja kA AcaraNa mahattvAkAMkSA aura sukha-suvidhAvAda se saMprerita hai| isakA pariNAma azAMti aura hiMsA hai / use badalane ke lie hama kaise saphala ho sakate haiM ? yaha prazna eka bAra nahIM, aneka bAra mana ko AMdolita kara detA hai / hama ahiMsA kI bAta socate haiM para samajha nahIM pAte ki hiMsA ke cakra ko kahAM se tor3eM? kyA mahattvAkAMkSA ko tyAganA itanA sarala hai ki carcA aura ciMtana-mAtra se AdamI use chor3a degA ? kyA sukha-suvidhA ko tyAganA itanA sahaja hai ki AdamI ahiMsA ke vicAra ko par3hakara sukha-suvidhA se vimukha ho jAegA? mahattvAkAMkSA aura sukha-suvidhA kI vimukhatA nahIM hogI to zastrIkaraNa kI hor3a, yuddha, azAMti aura hiMsA kA

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vizva-zAMti aura ahiMsA cakra bhI nahIM TUTegA / amerikA aura rUsa zastra-parizIlana ke lie taiyAra hoMge to koI tIsarA-cauthA rASTra paramANu zastroM ko bar3hAne kI bAta socegaa| phira zakti-saMtulana kA prazna khar3A ho jaaegaa| zakti-saMtulana ko banAe rakhane ke lie vikasita rASTroM meM phira zastra-nirmANa kI hor3a zurU ho jaaegii| isa prakAra jAgatika azAMti aura vizva yuddha kA khatarA hamezA banA rhegaa| niHzastrIkaraNa yuddha kI samasyA kA eka samAdhAna hai kintu yuddha kI pRSThabhUmi para vicAra kie binA yaha samAdhAna paryApta nahIM hai| vistAravAdI manovRtti, apanI rAjanItika praNAlI aura jIvana-praNAlI ko vyApaka banAne kA prayatna, apane saMpradAya meM pUre vizva ko dIkSita karane kA prayala-yaha saba yuddha kI pRSThabhUmi hai| hama loga yadi vizva-zAMti aura yuddha-varjanA kI bAta soceM to hameM sabase pahale pRSThabhUmi kI samasyAoM ko sulajhAne kI bAta socanI caahie| ahiMsA : eka zAzvata dharma ahiMsA zAzvata dharma hai| para hama use zAzvata dharma ke rUpa meM svIkAra nahIM kara rahe haiN| jaba-jaba mAnava-samAja para khatare ke bAdala maMDarAte haiM taba bhayabhIta dazA meM ahiMsA kI bAta yAda AtI hai aura usake vikAsa ke lie hamArA prayatna zurU hotA hai| isa prakAra hamane ahiMsA ko saMkaTakAlIna sthiti se ubarane kA upAya mAna liyA hai| isIlie ahiMsA kA svataMtra vikAsa nahIM ho rahA hai| hiMsA niSedhAtmaka pravRtti hai| vaha vidhAyaka jaisI banI huI hai| ahiMsA kI pravRtti vidhAyaka hai para vaha niSedhAtmaka jaisI banI huI hai / hiMsA kA niSedha ahiMsA hai-isa zabda-racanA se eka bhrAnti paidA ho gaI hai| isa bhrAnti ne hiMsA ko pahale naMbara meM aura ahiMsA ko dUsare naMbara meM rakhane kI dhAraNA banA dI / isa dhAraNA se abhibhUta AdamI yaha mAnakara cala rahA hai ki hiMsA jIvana ke lie anivArya hai, ahiMsA anivArya nahIM hai / jisa dina ahiMsA kI anivAryatA samajha meM AtI hai, hiMsA kA cakravyUha apane Apa TUTa jAtA hai / ahiMsA kI samasyA hiMsA ko manuSya ne mAnyatA de dI hai| isa sthApanA kI puSTi bahuta saralatA se kI jA sakatI hai / Aja saMhAraka astroM kI khoja ke lie hajAroM vaijJAnika samarpita haiM / hajAroM-hajAroM sainika pratidina yuddha kA prazikSaNa prApta kara rahe haiM / anagina sainika pratidina yuddha ke abhyAsa meM saMlagna haiM / hiMsA ke kSetra meM anusaMdhAna, prazikSaNa aura prayoga-ye tInoM cala rahe haiM / isase sahaja hI yaha niSkarSa nikAlA jA sakatA hai ki hiMsA ko jIvana meM mAnyatA prApta hai| ahiMsA vivazatA yA bAdhyatA kI sthiti meM mAnya ho rahI hai / isalie usake bAre meM anusaMdhAna, prazikSaNa aura prayoga kahIM nahIM ho rahe haiN|

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ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja jahAM kahIM ho rahA hai, usakA svara itanA maMda aura kSINa hai ki hiMsA ke nagAr3oM ke bIca vaha tUtI kI AvAja bhI nahIM bana pA rahA hai| ahiMsA kI yaha sabase bar3I samasyA hai / hiMsA meM mAdakatA hai isalie vaha saMhAraka hokara bhI priya bana rahI hai| ahiMsA eka vAstavikatA hai phira bhI vaha samAja ke AkarSaNa kA viSaya nahIM bana rahI hai| isa samasyA se nipaTane ke lie ahiMsA meM AsthAvAna vyaktiyoM ko kucha nae DhaMga se socane-karane kI jarUrata hai| mahAmAtya cANakya naMdavaMza ke unmUlana meM lagA huA thaa| vaha chadmaveza meM ghUmatA huA eka bur3hiyA ke ghara meM phuNcaa| buDhiyA ne usakA Atithya kiyA aura bhojana ke lie khicar3I parosI / chadmavaMzI cANakya ne usake bIca meM hAtha ddaalaa| khicar3I garma thii| hAtha jala gyaa| bur3hiyA bolI-tU bhI cANakya jaisA mUrkha lagatA hai| "kaise mAM"-chadmavaMzI cANakya ne puuchaa| bur3hiyA bolI-cANakya apanI choTI-sI senA ko lekara sIdhA naMdavaMza kI rAjadhAnI para AkramaNa karatA hai / naMda sAmrAjya kI vizAla senA use parAsta kara detI hai| yaha mUrkhatA hI to hai| yadi tU kinAre se khicar3I khAtA to dhIre-dhIre bIca kI bhI ThaMDI ho jAtI / terA hAtha nahIM jalatA / cANakya ne eka bodha-pATha par3hA bur3hiyA se| pahale gAMvoM aura kasboM ko jiitaa| apanI zakti bar3hA lii| phira rAjadhAnI para AkramaNa kiyaa| naMda sAmrAjya kA patana ho gyaa| hiMsA kA sAmrAjya bahuta bar3A hai| usakI senA bahuta vizAla hai| hama sIdhA hiMsA ke gar3ha para AkramaNa kareM to saphala nahIM ho sakate / pahale janatA ke mAnasa ko badalane kA prayatna kareM / ahiMsA ke prati AkarSaNa paidA ho / ahiMsA hamAre jIvana kI saphalatA aura zAMti kA anivArya aMga hai / yaha bAta bacapana se hI mastiSka meM baiTha jaae| isake lie hameM ahiMsA viSayaka mastiSkIya prazikSaNa kI paddhati taiyAra karanI hogii| hiMsA ke lie jo rasAyana uttaradAyI haiM, unheM badalane kI vidhi kA vikAsa karanA hai / hama kevala vAcika carcA aura siddhAnta kI prastuti kara hiMsA ke sAmrAjya se lohA nahIM le.skte| usase lie hameM hRdaya-parivartana yA brena-vAziMga kI paddhati kA sahArA lenA hogaa| prekSAdhyAna ke abhyAsa aura prayoga ke dvArA una rasAyanoM meM badalAva lAyA jA sakatA hai, jo hiMsA ke lie uttaradAyI haiN| yaha rAsAyanika parivartana ahiMsA ke vikAsa kI dizA meM eka mahattvapUrNa kadama hogaa| ahiMsA aura zikSA-paddhati vartamAna zikSA-paddhati meM bauddhika vikAsa para atyadhika bhAra diyA gayA hai| Aja ke mahAvidyAlaya aura vizvavidyAlaya se acche-acche prAdhyApaka,

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vizva-zAMti aura ahiMsA vaijJAnika, vidhivettA, prazAsaka, zikSAzAstrI aura vyavasAyI nikala rahe haiM / kintu ucca koTi kA naitika, dhArmika, AdhyAtmika vyakti nahIM nikala rahA hai| hamArA bAyAM mastiSka bahuta sakriya ho gayA hai| mastiSka kA dAyAM paTala niSkriya ho rahA hai / isa asaMtulana ne pUre vyaktitva ko asaMtulita banA diyA hai| yaha asaMtulita vyaktitva hiMsA ke lie jimmevAra hai| ahiMsA ke lie saMtulita vyaktitva kA vikAsa bahuta jarUrI hai / hamArI zikSA paddhati meM bauddhika aura bhAvanAtmaka vikAsa kA saMtulana bane taba hiMsA kI samasyA ko sulajhAne meM hameM suvidhA hogI / mastiSka ke bAeM paTala ke sAtha dAeM paTala ko bhI jAgRta kiyA jAe to ahiMsA ke lie eka urvarA bana jAtI hai| usameM ahiMsA kA bIja AsAnI se boyA jA sakatA hai aura usake aMkuraNa kI AzA kI jA sakatI hai| ahiMsA aura saMkalpa zakti koI vyakti hiMsA kyoM kara rahA hai ? ahiMsaka ke sAmane yaha eka mahattvapUrNa prazna hai / isa prazna kA uttara pAne ke lie hameM cetanA ke sUkSma-stara (anakoMsiyasa mAiNDa) taka jAnA jarUrI hai| vahAM eka avirati, manovijJAna kI bhASA meM avyakta icchA kAma kara rahI hai| vaha hiMsA ke lie abhipreraNA banI huI hai| usa para niyaMtraNa saMkalpa-zakti yA vrata-zakti ke vikAsa dvArA hI kiyA jA sakatA hai / isake lie aNuvrata kA abhiyAna calAyA jA rahA hai| manuSya ke acetana mana meM ahaMkAra hai / isalie vaha apane Apako sarvocca aura dUsaroM ko hIna dekhane meM rasa letA hai| raMga-bheda aura jAti-bheda kI samasyA usI ahaMkAra se jur3I huI hai / Agraha kA bhI ahaMkAra se saMbaMdha hai / yahI sAMpradAyika samasyA kA mUla bIja hai| aNuvrata Andolana kA eka vrata "maiM mAnavIya ekatA meM vizvAsa karUMgA-jAti, raMga Adi ke AdhAra para kisI ko UMca-nIca nahIM mAnUMgA, aspRzya nahIM maanuuNgaa|" ahiMsA ke vikAsa ke lie hamArI dRSTi yaha hai ki hama kevala hiMsA kI vartamAna ghaTanAoM ke prati hI saceta na raheM kintu una ghaTanAoM ko janma dene vAlI mUlavRtti ke prati bhI saceta baneM / hiMsA kI vartamAna samasyAoM ke lie niHzastrIkaraNa kA aura yuddhavarjana kI dizA meM kAma karanA jarUrI hai| kintu yaha bahuta aparyApta hai / yaha ThIka vaisA hI hai ki Aga lagI aura bujhA dI jAe / phira Aga lagI aura bujhA dI jaae| Aga kyoM lagatI hai-- isakI khoja na kI jaae| Aga ko bujhAnA aura Aga kyoM lagatI hai, isa kAraNa ko khojanA samagratA ke lie ye donoM bAteM jarUrI haiN| hiMsA kI vartamAna samasyA kA samAdhAna karanA aura usake mUla srota kA pariSkAra

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ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja karanA - ve donoM kAma jarUrI haiM / ahiMsA ke kSetra meM kAma karane vAle logoM kA dhyAna jitanA vartamAna samasyA ko sulajhAne ke prati hai utanA mUla srota ke pariSkAra ke prati nahIM hai / hamArI dRSTi meM ahiMsA ke vikAsa meM yaha bahuta bar3I bAdhA hai / zastrIkaraNa, yuddha, nirastrIkaraNa, yuddhavarjanA, zikSA, arthavyavasthA ye saba sarakAra ke adhikAra kSetra meM haiM / janatA se inakA koI saMbaMdha nahIM hai / sattA kI kursI para baiThe loga ahiMsA kI bAta ko dhyAna se suneM, aisA kama saMbhava hai / hameM apanI bAta, ahiMsA kI bAta janatA taka pahuMcAnI hai / usa janatA taka jo zastrIkaraNa yA niHzastrIkaraNa kA nirNaya to nahIM le sakatI kintu zastrIkaraNa aura niHzastrIkaraNa kA nirNaya lene vAloM ke bhAgya kA nirNaya kara sakatI hai / isake lie gahana AsthA, tIvra adhyavasAya aura satata sAdhanA kI jarUrata hai / hameM vizvAsa hai ki ahiMsA ke vAle vyakti meM ina saba kA udaya hogA / kSetra meM kAma karane vizva zAMti aura ahiMsA Aja hama bahuta nikaTa A gae haiN| dUriyAM kama ho gaI haiN| pahale hama vyakti kI bAta socate the, phira samAja kI / Ajakala hama vizva kI bAta socate haiM / yaha kramika vikAsa vyakti se samAja aura samAja se vizva bahuta mahattvapUrNa hai / hama yathArtha ko na bhulaaeN| cetanA kA kendra bhI vyakti hai / vyakti kI cetanA kA kendra bhI vyakti hai aura sAmUhika cetanA kA kendra bhI vyakti hai / vyakti kI cetanA kA pariSkAra kie binA vizva zAMti kA sapanA pUrNa nahIM ho sakatA / zAMti kI bAta vyavasthA ke sAtha cale to vyakti ko gauNa kiyA jA sakatA hai / vyavasthA kA kamajora yA zaktizAlI pahalU hai-- niyaMtraNa | usake binA vyavasthA nahIM calatI / niyaMtraNa ke sAtha zAMti kI paudha panapa nahIM sakatI / cAhe pahale kareM aura cAhe anta meM, vyakti vyakti meM sAmUhika cetanA ko jagAnA hI vizva zAnti kA mUla maMtra hai / isa sAmUhika cetanA kA purAnA nAma samatA kI cetanA hai / niyaMtraNa kI avadhAraNA ke sAtha sainika zAsaka aura tAnAzAha panapate rahe haiM / hama rAjataMtra se lokataMtra taka pahuMce haiM / isa vijayayAtrA kA mUlya kama nahIM hai / isase agalI yAtrA zAntitaMtra kI honI caahie| lokataMtra meM jo zAsaka Ate haiM unameM ahiMsA ke prati AsthA jarUrI nahIM hai / yadyapi lokataMtra aura ahiMsA meM nikaTa kA saMbaMdha hai, phira bhI lokataMtrIya zAsana ko bhI tAnAzAhI ke Asa- pAsa pahuMcA diyA gayA hai| zAMtitaMtra kI praNAlI lokataMtra se bhinna nahIM hogI / kintu usakA zAsaka ahiMsA meM AsthA rakhane vAlA hoyaha anivArya zarta hogI / aba rAjanItika praNAlI kA prayANa lokataMtra se

Page #22
vizva-zAMti aura ahiMsA zAMtitaMtra kI dizA meM honA caahie| usI avasthA meM hama vizva-zAMti kI kalpanA kara sakate haiN| ahiMsA : vikAsa kA vyAvahArika kAryakrama antarrASTrIya kAMphreMsa vizva zAMti ke lie Ayojita ho rahI hai| kAMphreMsa se vizva zAMti ho jAe to isase bar3A sahaja sulabha koI varadAna nahIM ho sktaa| sarakAreM bhI vizva zAMti ke lie kAMphreMsa Ayojita karatI haiM aura ve hI zastrIkaraNa ke lie cupacApa kAma karatI jAtI haiN| yaha doharA rUpa eka bhrAMti paidA kara rahA hai / eka ora zAMti kA prayatna, dUsarI ora usakI jar3a meM prahAra karane vAlA zastroM ke vikAsa kA prayatna / kintu yaha prayatna sarakArI nahIM hai| yaha vizva-zAMti ke lie janatA kI AkAMkSA se nikalA huA prayatna hai| janatA kI AkAMkSA hai-yuddha na ho| usakI Aya se prApta dhanarAzi kA zastroM ke lie prayoga na ho| isa AkAMkSA ko sarakAra pUrA nahIM karane detii| isa kArmesa kI niSpati jana-jAgaraNa abhiyAna ke rUpa meM honI caahie| ___ Aja ahiMsA kA koI zaktizAlI maMca nahIM hai| ahiMsA ke kSetra meM kAma karane vAle loga bhI bikhare hue haiN| unameM na koI saMparka hai aura na ekatva kA bhAva / paraspara virodhI vicAra vAle rASTroM ne saMyukta rASTrasaMgha ko eka maMca banA liyaa| vahAM baiThakara ve milate haiM, bAtacIta karate haiM aura samasyA kA samAdhAna khojate haiN| ahiMsA meM AsthA rakhane vAle na kabhI milate haiM, na kabhI bAtacIta karate haiM aura na kabhI samasyA kA sAmUhika samAdhAna khojate haiN| isa kAMphreMsa se eka naI dizA udghATita huI hai| eka aise vizva-vyApI ahiMsA maMca-ahiMsA sArvabhauma kI pRSThabhUmi taiyAra ho, jahAM baiThakara hiMsA kI vibhinna samasyAoM para sAmUhika ciMtana kiyA jA sake aura hiMsaka ghaTanAoM kI samApti ke lie nirNaya lie jA skeN| vizva zAnti kI dizA meM yaha eka zaktizAlI caraNa hogaa| ___ahiMsA ke kSetra meM kAma karane vAle loga ahiMsA kI dRSTi se prazikSita bhI kama haiM aura usake lie jitanI sAdhanA cAhie, vaha bhI pratIta nahIM hotI / isa kamI kI pUrti ke lie bhI eka kAryakrama banAnA cAhie, jisase tape hue kAryakartA isa kSetra meM AeM aura ahiMsA kI bAta jana-jana taka phuNcaaeN| ___ zAnti senA kA yatra-tatra nirmANa huA hai| kintu vyApaka stara para usakA nirmANa nahIM huA hai / samartha zAnti senA ke nirmANa kI saMbhAvanA para citana kiyA jaae| ahiMsA kA yaha trisUtrI kAryakrama vizvazAnti ke lie bahuta upayogI

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12 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja ho sakatA hai / yaha hamAre citana kA kendrIya bindu bananA caahie| koI anya kAryakrama bhI prastAvita kiyA jA sakatA hai / sabase bar3I bAta hai ahiMsA kI AsthA ko puSTa karanA / ahiMsA kI AsthA kA artha hai- vizva - zAnti ko poSaNa denA / hama saba isa dizA meM prayatnazIla baneM / hamArA prayatna sArvabhauma aura jAgatika ho / ahiMsA sArvabhauma kA kArya Age bar3he - yahI maMgala kAmanA hai /

Page #24
ahiMsA ke AdhArabhUta tattva azAnti aura hiMsA tathA zAnti aura ahiMsA-ye do yugala haiM / jaise azAnti aura hiMsA ko kabhI alaga-alaga nahIM dekhA jA sakatA, vaise hI zAMti aura ahiMsA ko vibhakta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / ahiMsA ko maiM vyApaka saMdarbha meM dekhatA huuN| aNuvrata usa vyApakatA kI eka vyAvahArika saMhitA hai| bheda hamArI upayogitA hai| bAMTanA, vibhakta karanA suvidhA hai / isa upayogitA aura suvidhA ko hamane vAstavika mAna liyA aura usake AdhAra para mAnava-jAti ko Tukar3oM meM bAMTa diyA / jAti aura raMgabheda ke AdhAra para manuSya-manuSya meM eka ghRNA kI dIvAra khar3I ho gii| hInatA aura uccatA kA eka abhedya kilA bana gyaa| yaha kahanA atiprasaMga nahIM hogA ki isa jAti aura raMgabheda ke kAraNa hiMsA ko niraMtara bar3hAvA mila rahA hai / manuSya meM hInatA aura ahaM kI granthi sahaja hI hotI hai| yaha jAtivAda aura raMgavAda ina donoM graMthiyoM ko khulakara khelane kA maukA de rahA hai / manuSya jAti kA eka bahuta bar3A bhAga hInatA kI graMthi se grasta hai to dUsarA bhAga ahaM kI graMthi se rugNa hai / kyA jAtivAda ko samApta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA ? jAti kAlpanika hai| use samApta karane kI bAta soca bhI leM para raMgabheda eka yathArtha hai| vaha korI kalpanA nahIM hai| usakI samApti hone para bhI hiMsA kI samasyA sulajhegI nahIM / isalie maiM socatA hUM-ahiMsA kI dizA meM hamArI yAtrA bhItara se zurU ho| jAtibheda ora raMgabheda ke hone para bhI hiMsA na bhar3ake, ghRNA ko apanA paMjA phailAne kA avasara na mile, aisA kucha socanA hai aura vaha bhItarI yAtrA se hI saMbhava hai / maiM ahiMsA kI antaryAtrA meM vizvAsa karatA huuN| hama manuSya-manuSya ke bIca prema kA itanA sazakta vAtAvaraNa banAeM ki usameM ghRNA ko janma lene kA maukA hI na mile / itihAsa sAkSI hai ki samAja kI dharatI para jitane ghRNA ke bIja boe gae, utane prema ke bIja nahIM boe ge| yadi Aja hama isa aitihAsika yathArtha ko badalane kI dizA meM caleM to hamArA naI dizA meM prasthAna hogaa| maiM isa sammelana meM usa naI dizA meM prasthAna karane ke lie Apa sabase anurodha karatA vaicArika svataMtratA ko rokanA kisI bhI dRSTi se vAMchanIya nahIM hai| usa vaicArika svataMtratA ke AdhAra para hI aneka dharma-sampradAya vikasita hue

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14 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja haiN| unameM prAyaH sabhI meM prema, maitrI aura ahiMsA kI bAta nyUnAdhika mAtrA meM kahI gaI hai; kintu dharma kA AcaraNa bahuta kama huA hai / usakA anugamana yA anusaraNa adhika huA hai / hamArA dhyAna anuyAyiyoM kI saMkhyA para kendrita hai / AcaraNa para kendrita nahIM hai| anuyAyI aura dhArmika-ye donoM bhinna haiM / anuyAyI karor3oM ho sakate haiN| unameM dhArmika kitane haiM, yaha vimarzaNIya bindu hai / anuyAyiyoM kI saMkhyA adhika aura dhArmikoM kI saMkhyA kama hone ke kAraNa hI sAmpradAyika hiMsA ko uttejanA milatI rahI hai| kyA ahiMsA ko vizva-dharma ghoSita kiyA jA sakatA hai ? jahAM hiMsA hai, vahAM dharma nahIM hai / dharma vahIM hai jahAM ahiMsA hai| kyA yaha avadhAraNA sAmpradAyika kaTTaratA se hone vAlI hiMsA ko rokane meM saphala ho sakatI hai ? yaha cintana kA eka biMdu hai / isa bindu para hameM carcA karanI hai aura kisI aise niSkarSa para pahuMcane kA prayatna karanA hai, jisase dharma yA sampradAya ke nAma para hiMsA ko phailAne kA avasara na mile| rAjya-sattA kI apanI upayogitA hai| use samApta karane kI bAta socI nahIM jA sktii| yadi socI jAya to vaha kitanI vyAvahArika ho sakatI hai, yaha praznacihna hI hai| kintu rAjyasattA ke sAtha hiMsA kI bar3hotarI ho rahI hai, vaha Aja kI jaTila samasyA hai| zastrIkaraNa ko rAjyasattA kA anivArya surakSA kavaca mAnA gayA hai aura mAnA jA rahA hai / Aja jisa gati se saMhAraka-zastroM kA vikAsa ho rahA hai, usase pUrI mAnava jAti saMtrasta hai / niHzastrIkaraNa kI carcA cala rahI hai| isa kAnphrensa ke sAtha bhI niHzastrIkaraNa kI bAta jur3I huI hai / yaha kAnphreMsa jana-pratinidhiyoM kI hai, rAjyasattA ke pratinidhiyoM kI nahIM hai / zastrIkaraNa kI zakti rAjyasattA ke hAtha meM hai| kyA jana-pratinidhiyoM kI bAta para rAjya sarakAreM dhyAna deMgI ? zakti-saMtulana ko vizva-zAnti kA AdhAra mAnA jA rahA hai| usa sthiti meM rAjya sarakAreM jana-pratinidhiyoM kI bAta para kaise dhyAna deMgI? yaha bAta sahaja hI tarkasaMgata lagatI hai, para isa tarka ke sAmane hameM nirAzA kI sAMsa nahIM lenI hai| janazakti zastrIkaraNa kI zakti se bhI adhika balavAna hai| ahiMsA meM AsthA rakhane vAle yadi apanI bAta janatA taka pahuMcA sakeM, unakI AsthA aura lagana adamya ho to eka na eka dina rAjya sarakAroM ko unakI bAta para dhyAna dene ke lie bAdhya honA par3a sakatA hai| sahI bAta yaha hai ki ahiMsA meM vizvAsa rakhane vAle loga vizvamaMca para aise vAtAvaraNa kA nirmANa karane meM saphala nahIM hue haiM jisase ve rAjyasattA ke zAsaka varga ko prabhAvita kara skeN| aba hameM ahiMsA ke mUlabhUta AdhAra tattvoM ko nahIM bhulAnA cAhie : 1. hama saba manuSya haiN| 2. manuSya meM viveka-cetanA jAgRta hotI hai /

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ahiMsA ke AdhArabhUta tattva 3. lobha, svArtha Adi kAraNoM se usa viveka-cetanA para mUrchA kA AvaraNa AtA hai| 4. usa mUrchA ke AvaraNa ko haTAyA jA sakatA hai| 5. jAtIya, sAmpradAyika aura rASTrIya bheda-rekhAoM ke nIce jo abheda hai, maulika ekatA hai, isakA anubhava kiyA jA sakatA hai, karAyA jA sakatA hai| 6. manuSya meM acchAI ke bIja haiM, unheM aMkurita kiyA jA sakatA hai| ina saba ke lie eka tIvra prayatna kI jarUrata hai| prastuta sammelana usa tIvra prayatna kI abhIpsA ko jagA sake to ahiMsA kA eka zaktizAlI astra ke rUpa meM prayoga kiyA jA skegaa| yaha astra saMhAraka nahIM hogA, mAnava jAti ke lie bahuta kalyANakArI hogaa| isa kalyANakArI upakrama kI saphalatA ke lie maiM AhvAna karatA hUM ki ahiMsA kI dizA meM socane vAle saba loga maMca para AeM aura eka svara se boleM / eka dizA meM una sabake caraNa Age bddh'eN| isa maMgala-kAmanA ke sAtha agrima saphalatA ke lie phira maiM zubhakAmanA karatA huuN|

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ahiMsA prakAza hai ahiMsA prakAza hai, hiMsA aMdhakAra hai / ahiMsA sat hai, hiMsA asat hai / ahiMsA amRta hai, hiMsA mRtyu hai / ahiMsA karuNA hai, hiMsA ghRNA hai / ahiMsA saha-astitva hai, hiMsA alagAvavAditA hai / ahiMsA samatA hai, hiMsA krUratA hai| ahiMsA adRSTa hai, hiMsA dRSTa hai| adRSTa meM jo Ananda milatA hai, vaha dRSTa meM nahIM mila sktaa| ahiMsA meM jo sukha-caina nihita hai, vaha hiMsA meM nahIM ho sakatA / yaha zAzvata satya hai| tIrthaMkaroM ne isa satya kA saMgAna kiyA hai| jo loga isa saMgAna ko sunakara bhI anasunA kara dete haiM, ve sukha-zAnti kA rAstA nahIM khoja skte| ___ Ayurveda ke granthoM meM likhA hai-manuSya ke lie harItakI mAtA kI taraha hitakAraka hai / kabhI aisA prasaMga A sakatA hai ki mAtA kupita hokara apanI santAna kA aniSTa kara de, para harItakI peTa meM jAkara kabhI nukasAna nahIM p*caatii| isa pratIka ko ahiMsA ke sAtha ghaTita kiyA jA sakatA hai-manuSya ke lie ahiMsA mAtA kI taraha hitasAdhaka hai| mAM kabhI apanI saMtAna kA ahita kara sakatI hai, kintu ahiMsA kA pAlana kiyA jAe to vaha kabhI ahitakAraka nahIM ho sakatI / ahiMsA hamArI mAM hai / hamane bhUla yaha kI ki ahiMsA kA sammAna karanA nahIM sIkhA / ahiMsA hI ekamAtra rAstA hai sukha-zAnti kA / para hamane usakA bhI vikalpa khojanA zurU kara diyA / rAjanaitika pArTiyAM Aja netRtva kA vikalpa DhUr3ha rahI haiN| unheM vikalpa mila sakatA hai, para ahiMsA kA koI vikalpa nahIM hai / yadi saMsAra ko zAnti se rahanA hai to use ahiMsA kI zaraNa meM jAnA hI hogaa| ahiMsA sArvakAlika aura sArvabhaumika upAya hai| isake dvArA kaThina se kaThina samasyA kA samAdhAna ho sakatA hai / abhI 26 julAI 1987 ko kolambo meM bhArata ke pradhAna maMtrI rAjIva gAMdhI aura zrIlaMkA ke rASTrapati jayavardhane ke bIca huA sagajhautA isakI jItI-jAgatI misAla hai| tamiloM aura siMhaliyoM ke madhya cAra varSoM se cala rahe hiMsAtmaka vivAda kA ahiMsAtmaka hala isa bAta kA sAkSI hai ki ahiMsA kA koI vikalpa nahIM hai aura hiMsApUrNa upAyoM kI niSphalatA anivArya hai| aise prasaMgoM para prArambha se hI ahiMsAtmaka najariyA kAma meM liyA jAe to hiMsA ko kabhI khulakara khelane kA maukA nahIM mila sktaa| __ manuSya visaMgatiyoM kA jIvana jItA hai / vaha cAhatA hai prakAza aura

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ahiMsA prakAza hai pAla rahA hai aMdhakAra ko| vaha cAhatA hai zAnti aura upAya khoja rahA hai azAnti ke / vaha bAta karatA hai ahiMsA kI aura apanI zakti lagA rahA hai zastra-nirmANa meM / zastroM meM paramparA hotI hai| koI bhI vyakti, samAja yA rASTra zastra-nirmANa karegA to usakA par3osI vyakti, samAja yA rASTra bhI usa pratispardhA meM kUdanA caahegaa| jabaki zastroM ke aniyaMtrita evaM avivekapUrNa prayoga se hone vAle khataroM kI cintA sabako hai| ina visaMgatiyoM se nibaTane ke lie zastra kI ora nahIM, usa cetanA kI ora dhyAna denA hogA jo zastra ko banAtI hai| manuSya kI cetanA aura cintana se zastra kI bAta nikala jAegI, tabhI ahiMsA ko nirbAdha rUpa se kAma karane kA avasara prApta hogaa| manuSya ko kAma karanA hai to sabase pahale use sakSama bananA hogaa| ahiMsA kI kSamatA ahiMsA meM niSThA rakhane vAloM kI kSamatA para bhI nirbhara hai / hiMsaka vyakti hiMsA ke prati jitane niSThAzIla haiM, kyA ahiMsaka vyaktiyoM meM ahiMsA ke prati utanI niSThA hai ? niSThA ke abhAva meM ahiMsA kA rAstA apanA bhI liyA to kyA hogA? ahiMsA ke prati gaharI niSThA hai to phira kisI bhI sthiti meM hiMsA kA vikalpa uTha nahIM skegaa| ahiMsA eka akhaNDa satya hai| use Tukar3oM meM bAMTA nahIM jA sktaa| eziyA, yUropa aura amerikA kI ahiMsA alaga-alaga nahIM ho sktii| yadi hama cAhate haiM ki ahiMsA antarrASTrIya kSetra meM prabhAvazAlI bane to usake lie tIna kAma karane hoMge-zodha, prazikSaNa aura prayoga / ahiMsaka zaktiyAM saMgaThita hokara ahiMsA ke kSetra meM risarca kareM, ahiMsA-pradhAna jIvana zailI kA prazikSaNa deM aura hiMsA ke mukAbale meM ahiMsA kA prayoga kareM to nizcita rUpa se ahiMsA kA varcasva sthApita ho sakatA hai| hamArI AkhirI maMjila ahiMsA hai| hama isa dizA meM eka-eka kadama hI Age bar3hAte raheM to hameM ahiMsA mAM kA saMpUrNa saMrakSaNa upalabdha ho sakatA hai| mATI kA eka dIyA bhI aMdhakAra kI saghanatA ko bhedane meM sakSama hai| isI prakAra ahiMsA kI dizA meM uThA huA eka-eka paga bhI maMjila taka pahuMcane meM kAmayAbI de skegaa|

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ahiMsA hI vikalpa hai bandhutva kA artha yaha nahIM ki jo Apake bhAI baneM, jo Apako cAheM, unhIM ke Apa bhAI baneM / yaha to saudA huA, badalA huaa| baMdhutva meM vyApAra nahIM hotA / merA dharma to mujhe yaha zikSA detA hai ki bandhutva manuSya mAtra ke sAtha hI nahIM, prANI mAtra ke sAtha honA cAhie |....'yh bAta maiM yaha dikhAne ke lie karatA hUM ki yadi hama apane zatru ke sAtha bhI prema karane ke lie taiyAra na hoM to hamArA baMdhutva kucha nahIM, eka DhakosalA hai| dUsarI taraha se ise yoM kaha sakatA hUM ki jisane apane hRdaya meM baMdhutva-bhAva ko sthAna diyA hai, vaha yaha kahane kA avasara nahIM degA ki usakA koI zatru hai|...' zatru ko bandhu kaise samajhe ? savAla yaha hotA hai ki jo hameM apanA zatru samajhate haiM, unake sAtha prema kisa taraha kareM ? pratidina mujhe hindU, musalamAna aura IsAI logoM kI ciTThiyAM milatI haiM, jinameM ve kahate haiM ki yaha bAta galata hai ki ve zatru ko pyAra kara sakate haiM / hindU likhate haiM ki jo gAya hamAre prANoM ke samAna priya hai, use mArane vAle musalamAna ke sAtha prema kisa taraha ho sakatA hai ? IsAI pUchate haiM ki aspRzyatA mAnane vAle, achUta samajhakara apane bhAiyoM ko dalita karane vAle hinduoM ke sAtha prema kisa prakAra kareM ? musalamAna lekhaka pUchatA hai ki vutaparasta ke sAtha muhabbata kI jA sakatI hai ? ina tInoM se merA yaha kahanA hai ki ApakA bandhutva bekAra hai, yadi Apa apane patra meM varNita logoM ko na cAha sakate hoN| isa tiraskAra bhAva kA artha kyA hai ? isake mUla meM bhaya hai yA asahiSNutA hai ? yadi hama saba eka Izvara kI saMtAna haiM to ekadUsare se kyoM DareM, athavA apane se bhinna mata rakhane vAle se dveSa kyoM kareM ? kiMtu jisa kRtya se hama ghRNA karate hoM use kyA kisI musalamAna ko karane deM ? merA bandhutva uttara detA hai-hAM / isameM itanI bAta aura jor3atA hUMApa apanI bali car3hA dIjie, yadi Apa apanI priya vastu kI rakSA karanA cAhate haiM to binA kisI para hAtha uThAye usake lie mara jaaie| mujhe aisI ghaTanAoM kA anubhava hai / Apake andara yadi prema ke sAtha kaSTa sahane kI himmata ho to Apa pASANa-hRdaya ko bhI pAnI-pAnI kara skeNge| badamAza yadi Apa se savAyA ho to Apa hAtha uThAkara kyA kareMge? vaha Apako jItakara adhika badamAzI na karegA? duSTatA kI Aga virodha ke ghI se kyA aura nahIM

Page #30
ahiMsA hI vikalpa hai dhadhakatI? kyA itihAsa isa bAta kA sAkSI nahIM hai ? aura kyA itihAsa meM hI aise udAharaNa nahIM milate ki ahiMsA kI parAkASThA ko pahuMca jAne vAloM ne bar3e-bar3e vikarAla pazuoM ko apane vaza meM kara liyA hai ? para isa parAkASThA kI ahiMsA ko jAne deN| isake lie to yahAM zUravIra yoddhA se bhI adhika bahAdurI kI jarUrata hai| aura jisake prati Apake mana meM tiraskAra ho usake sAtha lar3akara mara jAne ke Dara se baiThe rahane kI apekSA to lar3a lenA acchA hai / kAyaratA aura bandhutva paraspara virodhI haiN| saMsAra zatru ke sAtha prIti karane kI bAta ko svIkAra nahIM krtaa| IsA ke anuyAyI yuropa meM bhI ahiMsA ke siddhAMta kA majAka ur3AyA jAtA hai|... ''yaha mujhe kahanA hogA ki yadi zatru ko cAhane kA siddhAMta svIkAra na kareM to bandhutva kI bAta karanA havA meM mahala banAnA hai|.... hameM apane manuSyatva kA pUrA bhAna nahIM isalie vaira nahIM chor3A jaataa| DArvina kahatA hai-- hama bandara ke vaMzaja haiM / yadi yaha saca ho to hama abhI manuSya kI dazA ko prApta nahIM kara pAye haiM / enA kiMgsapharDa ne likhA hai ki maiMne perisa meM manuSya ke rUpa meM hiMsra zera, bhAlU aura sAMpa vicarate hue dekhA hai / isa pazutva ko miTAne ke lie manuSya ko bhaya chor3ane kI AvazyakatA hai| isa bhaya ko apane andara bala utpanna karake dUra kiyA jA sakatA hai, hathiyAra se sajjita hokara nhiiN| mahAbhArata ne vIra kA bhUSaNa vA guNa kSamA batAyA hai / janarala gArDana kI eka mUrti hai| usakI vIratA batAne ke lie usake hAtha meM talavAra nahIM, eka char3I dikhAI gaI hai| yadi maiM zilpakAra hotA aura gArDana kI mUrti banAtA to maiM unheM ziSTatA ke sAtha sInA tAne hue khar3A aura yaha kahate hue banAtA-cAhe jitane bhI prahAra karo, binA bhaya evaM vaira ke unheM jhelane ke lie yaha sInA khulA huA hai| yaha hai mere vIra kA Adarza / aise vIra jagat meM amara hue haiM / IsAI dharma ne bhI aise zUravIroM ko janma diyA hai, hindU dharma aura islAma ne bhI diyA hai| jAtiyoM ke nirvaira ho jAne ke bhI udAharaNa haiM / kvekara tathA TAlasTaoNya-vaNita dukho bora kA itihAsa kyA yahI nahIM kahatA? nirvaira ho sakate haiM yuropa tathA bhArata ke kitane hI bar3e-bar3e lekhaka kahate haiM ki manuSya jAti nirvaira ho jAe, aisA samaya kabhI nahIM A sktaa| isI bAta para merA vivAda hai / maiM to ulaTA yaha kahatA hUM ki jaba taka manuSya nirvaira nahIM hotA taba taka vaha manuSya hI nahIM bana sktaa| hama cAheM yA na cAheM, hameM isI rAste meM jAnA hogA aura Aja maiM Apa se yaha kahane AyA hUM ki lAcAra hokara isa rAste jAne kI apekSA

Page #31
ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja svecchA se kyoM nahIM jAte ? bAta jarA vicitra hai ki mujhe IsAiyoM ke sAmane aisI bAta karanI par3atI hai / hinduoM ke sAmane bhI yahI kahanA par3atA hai / kitane hI IsAI mujhase kahate haiM ki IsA kI nirvairatA kA upadeza kevala 12 ziSyoM ke lie hI thA / hindustAna meM ahiMsA ke virodhI kahate haiM ki usase nAmardI phailegI / maiM Apase kahane ke lie AyA hUM ki yadi bhAratavarSa ahiMsaka na banegA to usakA sarvanAza samajhie; dUsarI komoM kA bhI nAza samajhie / bhArata eka bhArI bhUkhaNDa hai; vaha yadi hiMsaka ho jAe to aura khaMDoM kI taraha vaha bhI durbaloM para jabaradastI karegA aura yadi aisA huA to jarA usakI kalpanA kIjie / merI rASTrIyatA merI rASTrIyatA meM prANimAtra kA samAveza hotA hai; saMsAra kI samasta jAtiyoM kA samAveza hotA hai / yadi bhArata ko ahiMsA kA kAyala kara sakUM to bhArata sAre jagat ko kucha camatkAra dikhA sakegA / maiM nahIM samajhatA ki bhArata dUsare rASTroM ke citAbhasma para khar3A hogaa| maiM cAhatA hUM ki vaha Atmabala prApta kare aura dUsare rASTroM ko bhI balavAn banAye / dUsare rASTra bala kA mArga nahIM dikhA rahe haiM, isalie mujhe isa acala siddhAMta kA Azraya lenA par3A hai ki maiM kabhI usa vidhAna ko svIkAra nahIM karUMgA jisakA AdhAra pazu-bala ho / rASTrapati vilsana ne caudaha siddhAMtoM kI racanA kI aura una para kalaza caDhAte hue kahA - 'yadi hama isameM saphala na hue to hathiyAra to hai hI / ' maiM ise ulaTa kara kahanA cAhatA hUM ki hamAre saba pArthiva zastra bekAra hue haiM, isalie kisI naye zastra ko khojeM / calo, aba prema kA zastra, satya kA zastra leM / yaha zastra jaba hameM mila jAyegA taba hameM kisI dUsare kI jarUrata na rahegI /

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ahiMsA kI zakti kyA duniyA meM aura kyA bhArata meM, hamezA santa, satpuruSa hue haiM aura unhoMne logoM ko AdhyAtmika mUlya samajhAye haiN| loga sunate Aye, jitanA samajha sake, samajhate gaye; jitanA amala kara sakate the, utanA amala karate Aye aura amala na ho sakA to ise apanI lAcArI mAnakara mUlyoM kA Adara karate Aye / yaha mAnate rahe ki vyavahAra meM yaha nahIM clegaa| lekina jaba yuga kI mAMga aura saMtoM ke upadeza kA saMyoga hotA hai, taba krAMti hotI hai| gAMdhIjI ke bAre meM hameM yaha dekhane ko milaa| gAMdhIjI ne kahA, hiMsA kA pratIkAra ahiMsA se karo, asatya kA pratIkAra satya se kro| unhoMne niHzastra pratIkAra karanA sikhaayaa| yoM to yaha purAnI bAta hai, koI nayI nhiiN| yaha to hindustAna kI saMskRti kA hI phUlA-phalA svarUpa hai| bhagavAna buddha, mahAvIra aura aneka saMtoM ne hameM yahI sikhAyA / lekina jaba gAMdhIjI kI jabAna para yaha bAta AyI, to usakA krAMtikArI artha prakaTa huA, kyoMki usake lie aitihAsika bhUmiko thii| eka jvalanta aitihAsika bhUmikA __ pahale ke jamAne meM hindustAna meM zastra the| yaha nahIM ki sabake hAtha meM the, lekina sabako zastra rakhane kI chUTa thii| brAhmaNa bhI cAhe to zastra rakha sakate the / lekina bhArata ne ahiMsA kA eka prayoga kiyA ki zastra sImita raheM / zastroM kI jarUrata to par3atI hai, usa hAlata meM kyA kareM? taba yaha nizcaya kiyA ki sabake nahIM, kevala eka varga ke hAtha meM zastra raheM, bAkI saba loga zastra chor3a deN| aisA eka prayoga bhArata ne kiyaa| pariNAma yaha huA ki ahiMsA kA vicAra bhArata meM paiTha gyaa| phira bhI 'zastra dvArA rakSaNa' kI bAta to kAyama rahI aura utane aMzoM meM ahiMsA durbala hI rhii| lekina aMgrejoM ne Akara eka bejor3a kAma kiyA, jaisA pahale kisI ne nahIM kiyA thaa| aMgrejoM ne zastra chIna liye aura hindustAna kI janatA ko bilakula niHzastra banA diyaa| aisA pahale kisI bhI rAjA ne kahIM nahIM kiyA thaa| isakA eka kAraNa to yaha thA ki kisI bhI rAjA meM itanI tAkata nahIM thii| dUsarA kAraNa, prajA ko eka bAra niHzastra karane para kahIM bAhara se AkramaNa ho jAe to usake rakSaNa kI javAbadArI akele rAjakartA para A par3atI hai / aisI tAkata unameM nahIM thI, isalie aba taka kisI ne janatA ko

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22 ekadama niHzastra nahIM banAyA / lekina aMgrejoM ne ko saMpUrNa niHzastra banA diyaa| kisI bhI kAraNa, anumati ke zastra rakha nahIM sakatA thA / aisI sthiti meM hindustAna ke sAmane eka bar3A savAla khar3A ho gayA - vaha yA to hamezA ke lie aMgrejoM kA gulAma banA rahe yA phira koI nayA adhika zaktizAlI zastra zodha nikAle / janatA ke hAtha meM zastra nahIM the, isa hAlata meM yadi niHzastra mukAbalA karane kI paramparA na hotI, to hindustAna kAyama kA gulAma raha jaataa| lekina itane bar3e deza ke lie hamezA gulAma rahanA asaMbhava thA / ataH niHzastra mArga kI khoja karane kI aitihAsika AvazyakatA paidA huI / isI meM se mahAtmA gAMdhI Aye / ve na Aye hote to dUsarA koI AtA / yadyapi unakI jo zikSA thI aura jisa samUha meM se ve Aye the, usake saMskAra kI dRSTi se to gAMdhIjI kA AnA hI svAbhAvika 1 thA / ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja yaha kiyA / unhoMne prajA koI bhI manuSya, binA gAMdhI : gujarAta kI saMskRtirUpI Ama kA phala I gAMdhIjI svayaM gujarAta kI saMskRtirUpI Ama ke phala the / isa pradeza meM jo tapasyA huI, usake pariNAmasvarUpa gAMdhIjI yahAM paidA hue the / gAMdhIjI gujarAta meM pake, yaha koI camatkAra nahIM aura na mAtra bhAgya kI balihArI hai / usake pIche eka tatva hai / gujarAta ke dahI meM hI aisA kucha hai, jisase aisA makkhana nikala pAtA hai / gujarAta kA sabase Upara taira Ane vAlA eka guNa hai, vahAM kI Ama janatA dvArA apanAyI huI sArvatrika ahiMsA / isI kAraNa gAMdhIjI kA janma gujarAta meM huA hai, aisA maiM mAnatA hUM / yoM dekhA jAe to yaha bahuta choTI cIja lagatI hai, lekina gujarAta kI Ama janatA ne mAMsAhAra kA pUrA-pUrA tyAga kiyA hai-- aisI ghaTanA duniyA meM aura kahIM dekhane ko nahIM milatI / mAMsAhAra - parityAga kA Andolana hamAre pUrvajoM ne calAyA thA / hajAroM varSoM taka unhoMne yaha calAyA / isameM unhoMne khUba tapasyAeM bhI kIM / pariNAmasvarUpa hindustAna meM Aja aisI sthiti maujUda hai ki mAMsa khAnevAle loga haiM jarUra, lekina ve bhI ise goNa mAnate haiM, bahuta acchI bAta nahIM mAnate / yAnI zAkAhAra kI pratiSThA bhArata meM svIkAra ho cukI hai / itanA jabaradasta prayoga hindustAna meM huA, yaha duniyA bhara meM hindustAna kI vizeSatA hai / phira hindustAna meM bhI khAsakara gujarAta kI vizeSatA hai ki yahAM kA sAmAnya janasamudAya bhI mAMsAhAra chor3a cukA hai| yaha choTI-moTI ghaTanA nahIM hai / yaha jo ahiMsA hai, usI ke pariNAmasvarUpa gAMdhIjI jaisI vibhUti gujarAta meM pakI aura sArI duniyA ke duHkhoM

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ahiMsA kI zakti kA nivAraNa eka viziSTa prakAra ke pratIkAra se ho sakatA hai, isakA use darzana huaa| jamAne kI mAMga kA bala khaira, maiM kaha yaha rahA thA ki niHzastra pratIkAra ke mArga kI khoja karane kI eka aitihAsika AvazyakatA nirmita huI aura usameM se mahAtmA gAMdhI aaye| yoM to unakI bAta lAkhoM loga na mAnate / bahuta hotA to unako mujha jaise do-cAra cele mila jaate| lekina yaha to sAre deza meM eka vicAra phailA aura usakA TUTA-phUTA amala bhI huaa| aMgrejoM dvArA hathiyAra rakhavA liye jAne se eka viziSTa paristhiti nirmita huii| isase gAMdhIjI kI ahiMsA kI bAta ko jamAne kI mAMga kA bala milaa| ___ yahAM aMgrejoM kA rAjya zaktizAlI thA, unakI pakar3a joradAra thii| unakA mukAbalA kaise kiyA jAe ? isakI ahiMsaka yukti gAMdhIjI ne sikhaayii| unhoMne kahA ki "hama nirvaira bhI raheMge aura sAmanA bhI kreNge|" duniyA ko yaha eka bar3A vicAra milaa| usameM nirvairatA aura pratIkAra-vRtti donoM mila gaye / pariNAmasvarUpa samAja ke lie eka mArga khulA / nirvairatA se pratIkAra kI zakti bar3hI aura pratIkAra se nirvairatA kii| gAMdhIjI ne hameM aisI yukti batAyI ki sAre bar3e-bar3e zastra bekAra bana gaye / yukti yaha ki aMgrejoM ko rAjya calAne ke lie hajAroM AdamiyoM kA aura karor3a-karor3a janatA kA sahayoga jarUrI hai, vaha sahayoga denA banda kara diyA jAya / aisA kareM to cAhe jitane zaktizAlI aMgrejoM kA kucha na clegaa| hama sahayoga nahIM deMge to ve hameM mAreMge yA satAyeMge, phira bhI hama unheM sahayoga nahIM deNge| mara jAyeMge, lekina ApakI marajI ke mutAbika kAma na kreNge| aise Atmabala kI yukti gAMdhIjI ne sikhaayii| nirbhayatApUrvaka 'nA' kahane kI zakti eka AdamI ko rAkSasa ne pkdd'aa| rAkSasa usase khUba kAma karAtA / ArAma kA to nAma nhiiN| jarA cUM-capar3a kI ki rAkSasa dhamakI detA ki "khA jaauuNgaa|" use baiThane hI na detaa| Akhira usa AdamI ne socA ki kaba taka aisA calegA ? isalie eka dina usane kaha hI diyA ki "jA, kAma nahIM karatA, tujhe khAnA ho to khA jaa|" lekina rAkSasa ne use khAyA-vAyA nahIM, kyoMki eka bAra khA jAne para usakA kAma kauna karatA ? bAda meM AdamI ko himmata A gyii| usane kahA : bagaira majadUrI liye kAma nahIM karUMgA" to rAkSasa majadUrI bhI dene lgaa| saMkSepa meM sAra yaha ki yaha 'nA' kahane kI zakti, 'Apake galata kAma meM sahayoga nahIM dUMgA' yaha kahane kI himmata, hamameM AnI caahie| aisA karate

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ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja hue maranA par3e to mara jAyaM / mRtyu se hama na ddreN| AtmA kabhI maratA nahIM, isalie hama nahIM marate / manuSya meM aisI nirbhayatA AnI cAhie / prema se saba eka hokara nirbhayatApUrvaka sAmanevAle ko jabAva deM ki Apake galata kAma meM madada nahIM kareMge / yaha hai asala ahiMsA / Darate-Darate ghara meM baiThe raheM aura lar3AI meM na jAyaM to ahiMsA ho gayI, aisA nhiiN| balki lar3AI meM jAkara kahanA cAhie ki maiM marane ke lie tatpara hUM, lekina mArUMgA nhiiN| yaha tAkata hai ahiMsA kI aura yahI kharI zakti hai / choTA-sA bAlaka bhI ahiMsA kI zakti se hiMsA ke bar3e rAkSasa kA mukAbalA kara sakatA hai| use itanA samajhAnA cAhie ki 'mara jAyegA to bhI kyA honevAlA hai ? yahAM kAyama rahanevAlA kauna hai ? bhagavAn ne tere lie jo dina taya kiyA hogA, usI dina maregA, nahIM to kabhI nhiiN|' aisI ahiMsA kI zakti ke sAmane aNu-zakti bhI kucha nahIM kara sktii| yaha yukti gAMdhIjI ne sikhaayii| vAstava meM yaha hamAre purAtana RSi-muniyoM kI yukti hai| use hI phira se gAMdhIjI ne hamAre sAmane rakha diyaa| unhoMne eka kadama Age rakhA aura hameM sikhAyA ki yaha ahiMsA to aisI jabaradasta zakti hai ki usake dvArA hama bar3e-bar3e savAloM ko hala kara sakate haiN| unhoMne isa ahiMsA kI zakti kA rAjanaitika kSetra meM prayoga karake btaayaa| hameM ahiMsA kA Atma-pratyaya nahIM huA lekina duniyA aura bhArata ke logoM ko bhI kucha zaMkA raha gayI hai ki hameM jo svarAjya milA hai, vaha kevala ahiMsA kI zakti se nahIM / yaha sahI hai ki svarAjya kI prApti meM duniyA kI paristhiti kA bhI kAphI hissA hai| lekina mUla bAta yaha ki hameM apane bhItara cAhie utanA ahiMsA kA anubhava nahIM huaa| vIra ko zobhA de, aisA ahiMsA kA prayoga hamane kiyA nhiiN| gAMdhIjI ne hameM vIroM kI ahiMsA sikhAne kI koziza kI, phira bhI hamArI ahiMsA lAcArI kI ahiMsA thii| gAMdhIjI jisa taraha kA pratIkAra cAhate the, vaisA pratIkAra na ho sakA / logoM ko una para zraddhA thI aura loga unake pIche gye| lekina vaha balavAnoM kI nahIM, durbaloM kI ahiMsA thii| gAMdhIjI ke mArgadarzana meM yahAM jo ahiMsaka lar3AI calI, usameM hamane ahiMsA kA TUTA-phUTA AcaraNa kiyaa| mana meM to dveSa rakhate the aura Upara-Upara se ahiMsA kA AcaraNa dikhAte the| pariNAmata: svarAjya AyA, phira bhI hameM pratIti nahIM huI ki hamane ahiMsA se svarAjya hAsila kiyA hai| isa kAraNa ahiMsA kA majA khatama ho gyaa| ahiMsA kI zakti kA kucha camatkAra to hamane dekhA, phira bhI usa zakti kA hameM apane bhItara pratyaya nahIM milaa| isIlie Aja taka hiMsA-ahiMsA ke savAla kA aMtima hala bahutoM ke

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ahiMsA kI zakti 25 mana meM nahIM huA hai| kula milAkara loga aisA mAna lete haiM ki ahiMsA ke bacAva ke lie thor3I hiMsA to karanI hI par3atI hai| purAne jamAne meM to bhale-bhale loga aisA mAnate the| lekina Aja gAMdhIjI ke ho jAne ke bAda bhI hamAre mana meM isa sambandha meM eka samajhautA ho gayA hai| pahale ke dharmoM ne aisA hI kiyA hai / unhoMne mAna liyA ki ahiMsA uttama hai jarUra, lekina vaha vyaktigata jIvana meN| samAja meM to hiMsA ke sAtha thor3A samajhautA karanA hI par3atA hai / aisA na kiyA ho, to phira ravivAra ke dina pUrI zraddhA se bAibila par3hanA aura zeSa chaha dina naye-naye hathiyAra gar3ha-gar3hakara unakA Dhera lagAte jAnA kaise banatA ? ye becAre mAnate haiM ki Age calakara jo samAja AyegA, usake lie ahiMsA bahuta upayogI sAbita hogI, lekina najara ke sAmane jo samAja hai, usameM to hiMsA vagairaha kA vyavahAra calAnA hI pdd'egaa| isa taraha gAMdhIjI ne jo zikSaNa hameM diyA, use loga gauNa mAnate haiN| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki samAja meM abhI taka naitika sAdhana kI cAhie utanI pratiSThA nahIM huii| gAMdhI ke anuyAyI yA tilaka ke ? _isalie maiM bahuta bAra kahatA hUM ki hama saba gAMdhIjI ke anuyAyI bhale kahalAte hoM, lekina vAstava meM hamameM se kaI tilaka mahArAja ke hI anuyAyI haiN| lokamAnya ne 'gItA-rahasya' meM ahiMsA kA bahuta gaurava kiyA hai, lekina bAda meM kahA hai ki 'isakA sthAna vyaktigata jIvana meM hai, sArvajanika jIvana meM ahiMsA nahIM cala sktii|' hamameM se bahuta sAre lokamAnya kI isa mAnyatA kA hI vyavahAra meM anusaraNa karate haiM aura samAja-jIvana meM AcaraNa karane kA savAla AtA hai, taba hiMsA-ahiMsA ke bAre meM samajhautA kara lete haiN|| ___ isalie phira rAiphala-klaba kholanA ho, to bhI gAMdhIjI kA nAma lekara hI kholate haiN| dAvA kiyA jAtA hai ki 'Darakara bhAgane kI apekSA himmatapUrvaka maranA behatara hai|' aura dekhiye na ! dillI meM khuda gAMdhIjI kI samAdhi ke pAsa baMdUkadhArI sipAhI paharA detA hai| ahiMsA ke pujArI ke sAtha aise bartAva se jarUra coTa lagatI hai| lekina aise samaya meM to vinoda kara letA huuN| marAThI meM kahAvata hai : 'ati jhAle, hasu aaleN|' maiM vinoda meM kahatA hUM ki yaha to gAMdhIjI kI hI bhUla hai ki unhoMne marane ke lie dillI pasaMda kI / dillI meM to saba dillI ke DhaMga para hI hogA na ? hAM, ye sainika samAdhi ke prati Adara ke rUpa meM apane zastra nIce rakhakara khar3e rahate haiM, isalie pratIkAtmaka rUpa se aisA artha nikala sakatA hai ki hiMsA ahiMsA ke Age sira jhukA rahI hai| kyA kevala suvidhA kA dharma pAlakara hI santoSa mAnanA hai ? .. lekina vAstava meM bAta yaha hai ki aba taka hameM ahiMsA kI zakti kA

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ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja pUrA-pUrA bhAna nahIM huaa| nahIM to gAMdhIjI ke nAma para aisA na cltaa| gAMdhIjI ne mukhya jora isI bAta para diyA thA ki ahiMsA kA dhyAna kevala vyaktigata jIvana taka hI nahIM, sArvajanika jIvana meM bhI usakA sthAna hai| bAkI, kyA ahiMsA kI bAteM dharmoM ne kama kahI haiM ? jaina-dharma to vyaktigata jIvana meM ahiMsA kA kitanA bArIka vicAra karatA hai ? prANImAtra ko kaSTa na ho, isakA bhI khayAla rakhatA hai / jainI jaMtuoM kA nAza honA bhI sahana nahIM kara sakate, jaba ki dUsarI ora ve hI loga senA kA bacAva karate haiN| unhoMne mAMsAhAra kA bhI niSedha kiyA hai, lekina senA to caahie| isa taraha hamane saba dharmoM ke sAtha samajhautA kiyA hai| kahate haiM ki dharma to vyAvahArika honA cAhie; aisA dharma, jo sAre dharma kA saphAyA kara sakatA hai, aisA suvidhAvAlA dharma, jo hamArI suvidhA ke anusAra barate / dharma ke lie koI asuvidhA, kaThinAI uThAne ko taiyAra nahIM / lekina merA kahanA yaha hai ki bhale hI dUsare saba aisA kaheM, para gAMdhIvAle bhI aisA hI kahate haiM to gAMdhIjI kA AnA aura jAnA sArA vyartha huaa| agara isa taraha gAMdhI-vicAra kA artha kareMge, to bApU para hama bahuta anyAya kreNge| hakIkata yaha hai ki hiMsA-ahiMsA ke viSaya meM hamAre mana meM aba taka saphAI huI hI nhiiN| isIse itane varSoM meM bhI deza meM hiMsA kama nahIM huii| logoM ke mana meM aba bhI vaha par3I hai| loga socate haiM ki gAMdhIjI aura subhASabAbU ina donoM ke do mArga haiM, deza ko donoM kI jarUrata hai aura donoM eka hoMge, tabhI deza kA kAma hogaa| ve yaha mAnate haiM ki jaise hAiDrojana aura oNksIjana ke saMyoga se pAnI banatA hai, vaise hI deza kA kAma pAra lagAne ke lie gAMdhIjI aura subhASabAbU donoM ke mArgoM kI jarUrata hai / logoM ke mana meM bhrama hai ki donoM ke saMyoga se hI Aja kAma cala rahA hai| aNu-yuga meM vijJAna kA AhvAna lekina vAstava meM Aja duniyA ahiMsA kI tarapha tejI se Age bar3ha rahI hai / vijJAna ne Aja manuSya ke sAmane eka samasyA paidA kara dI hai, jo pahale nahIM thii| hiMsA ke jo sAdhana pahale maujUda the, unase kucha prazna hala hote the, isalie hiMsA palatI thI / hiMsA se lAbha bhI hotA thA, nukasAna bhI / jitanA lAbha hotA, utanA hiMsA ko Azraya miltaa| lekina aba aNu-zastra Aye haiM, to aba yA to ahiMsaka samAja banegA yA mAnava-jAti hI khatama ho jAyagI / yaha samasyA vijJAna ne manuSya ke sAmane khar3I kara dI hai| aNu-zastroM ke zodha ke bAda AtyaMtika hiMsA aura AtyaMtika ahiMsA eka-dUsare ke sAmane hAtha bar3hA rahI hai| merI zraddhA hai ki ye aNu-zastra manuSya ko ahiMsA

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ahiMsA kI zakti kI ora le jAyeMge, nahIM to mAnava-jAti khatama ho jAegI / Izvara agara anivArya hai / isalie saMhAra nahIM cAhatA to ahiMsaka samAja racanA mujhe vizvAsa hai ki duniyA Aja ahiMsA kI tarapha hai / tejI se Age bar3ha rahI gAMdhIjI kI mRtyu ke bAda bahuta sandeza aaye| unameM janarala maikaArthara kA sandeza thA ki 'kisI-na-kisI dina duniyA ko gAMdhIjI kI bAta hI sunanI par3egI / usake binA koI cArA nahIM / ' use aisA bolanA par3a rahA hai, kyoMki aNu-astroM ke kAraNa eka viniSTa paristhiti nirmita huI hai / ataeva hiMsA Aja bIte jamAne kI cIja ho gaI hai aura gAMdhIjI kI ahiMsA kI bAta hamAre jamAne ke bilakula anukUla hai / isalie aba yadi hama apanI sAmAjika aura Arthika AjAdI ke savAla ahiMsA kI zakti se hala kareM, to duniyA meM niHzastra pratIkAra asarakAraka sAbita hogA aura duniyA ko eka mArga mila jaaegaa| Aja hiMsA kara karake thakI duniyA use chor3ane ko taiyAra ho jAe, aisI paristhiti hai / isalie hameM ahiMsA kA camatkAra sAmAjika aura Arthika kSetra meM karake batAnA hai| sAmAjika savAla ahiMsA se hala ho sakate haiM, aisI pratIti duniyA ko karAnI hai| gAMdhIjI ke netRtva meM ahiMsA ke mArga se svarAjya prApta kiyA hai, usake bAda aba hameM yaha kAma karanA hai / 27

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krAMti aura ahiMsA krAMti kA artha hotA hai acAnaka ho jAne vAlA eka vyApaka parivartana / Aja kI paristhitiyoM meM jisa parivartana kI saMbhAvanA nahIM lagatI hai, kala vahI parivartana jaba hamAre sAmane A jAtA hai athavA kala usa parivartana ke lie jaba vyApaka bhUmikA taiyAra ho jAtI hai, hama use krAMti kahate haiM / dezavyApI parivartana ke lie mAdhyama bhI dezavyApI hone jarUrI hote haiN| isa dRSTi se hamAre sAmane tIna rAste Ate haiM--saMvidhAna, hiMsA aura ahiNsaa| jayaprakAza jI ne inheM kAnUna, katla aura karuNA bhI kahA hai| vyakti ke sAmAjika jIvana meM Arambha se hI ina tInoM kA kamobeza sthAna rahA hai| saMvidhAna kA mukhya uddezya vyavasthA ko banAe rakhane kA hotA hai| vaise samAja ke vikAsa kA dAyitva bhI isa para hotA hai, kintu samAja ke AmUlacUla parivartana kA vAhaka yaha nahIM hotA / yaha parivartana to hotA bhI tabhI hai jaba loga kAnUna se Upara uThakara sattA apane hAtha meM le lete haiM / saMvidhAna kisI krAMti ke lie nahIM hotA kintu svIkRta vyavasthA kI sucArutA ke lie hotA hai| isa sthiti meM usase kisI krAnti kI apekSA karanA saMgata nahIM hogaa| __aba prazna hiMsA aura ahiMsA kA hI zeSa raha jAtA hai| hiMsA aura ahiMsA ke mAdhyamoM meM bhI ahiMsA sadA prAthamika sthAna para ArUr3ha rahI hai| jagat meM aisA eka bhI prANI nahIM ho sakatA jo hiMsA, raktapAta aura yuddha ke pakSa meM ho| jaba usakA abhIpsita anya sAdhanoM se nahIM milatA, taba vaha hiMsA kA sahArA letA hai / hiMsA meM vizvAsa rakhane vAle sAmyavAdI loga bhI yaha svIkAra karate haiN| yadi ahiMsA se krAMti saMbhava ho to isase uttama rAstA dUsarA koI ho nahIM sktaa| kintu durbhAgyavaza vizva ke itihAsa me aisA eka bhI udAharaNa nahIM milatA, jaba ahiMsA se kahIM krAMti AI ho| yahI kAraNa hai, logoM kA jhukAva ahiMsA se haTakara hiMsA kI ora hI rhaa| ahiMsA kisI bhI krAMti yA vyApaka parivartana ke lie sarvathA akSama hai, ise kabhI svIkArA nahIM jA sktaa| sacAI yaha hai ki hiMsA bhI ahiMsA para jAkara vizrAma letI hai| vaha anta taka kabhI nibha hI nahIM sktii| isalie ahiMsA se krAMti kI saMbhAvanA ko saMpUrNata: samApta nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| hamAre prAcIna sAhitya meM milatA hai

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krAnti aura ahiMsA naiva rAjyaM na rAjAsIt, na daNDo na ca dANDikaH / dharmeNaiva prajAH sarvAH, rakSitAH sma parasparam // ---na vahAM koI rAjya thA, na koI rAjA thA, na koI daNDa thA, na koI daNDa dene vAlA thaa| sArI prajA dharma se hI paraspara rakSita thI / ye sAre ullekha kalpanA mAtra hoM, yaha to nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| phira sAmyavAda kI pariNati bhI zAsana-vihIna rAjya (Stateless State) meM hotI hai| yAnI usakI antima pariNati bhI ahiMsA meM hI hotI hai| isa sthiti meM ahiMsA se saMpUrNa saMbhAvanA ko nikAla leM, yaha ucita nahIM hogaa| ___ itihAsa meM aise udAharaNa cAhe na milate hoM, jahAM ahiMsA se kisI krAMti kA sUtrapAta huA ho, para aise udAharaNa aneka mileMge jahAM hisA ne thakakara Akhira ahiMsA meM hI vizrAma liyA hai| kyA yaha svayaM hiMsA kI asaphalatA kA jvalanta pramANa nahIM hai ? phira itihAsa meM aisA bhI koI udAharaNa nahIM milatA, jaba hiMsaka krAMti kevala hiMsA ke bala para apanI maMjila taka pahuMca pAI ho| merA to vizvAsa hai ki koI bhI krAMti yadi saMpUrNa rUpa se hiMsA ke AdhAra para calI hotI, to Aja taka manuSya jAti kabhI kI hI samApta ho gayI hotii| hama socate haiM ki krAMti se deza ko Arthika samAdhAna mila jAegA, rAjanaitika samasyAeM sulajha jaaeNgii| hamArA socanA zAyada galata na bhI ho / kintu itanA maiM avazya kaha sakatA hUM ki vaha krAMti yadi hiMsA se AI to ho sakatA hai ve prazna eka bAra hala ho bhI jaaeN| kiMtu usakI pratikriyA-svarUpa hone vAle pariNAma isase bhI adhika bhayaMkara hoNge| khujalI ke roga kA ailopaithI meM ilAja to hai, lekina kahate haiM ki usa davA se dUsare-dUsare itane roga utpanna ho jAte haiM, jo usase bhI adhika bhayaMkara hote haiM / ThIka yahI sthiti hiMsaka krAMti kI hotI hai aura isake pariNAma Aja kA vizva kucha aMzoM meM bhoga bhI rahA hai| isa prakAra krAMti kI saphalatA aura sthAyitva maiM kevala ahiMsA meM hI dekhatA huuN| yahAM itanA avazya spaSTa kara denA cAhatA hUM ki maiM yahAM hiMsA kI sUkSma paribhASA meM nahIM jA rahA huuN| ahiMsaka krAMti se merA tAtparya hai, binA kisI raktapAta, hiMsA, yuddha aura zastrAstra ke sahayoga se hone vAlI krAMti / sUkSma ahiMsA meM to kisI prakAra kA dabAva bhI nahIM diyA jA sktaa| use to kevala hRdaya-parivartana kA siddhAMta hI mAnya hotA hai| kevala hRdaya-parivartana ke siddhAnta ke AdhAra para hama samagra samAja-vyavasthA ko banAe rakheM athavA vartamAna samAja-vyavasthA meM eka krAMtikArI parivartana lAyeM, yaha bahuta kama vyAvahArika lagatA hai / kintu ahiMsA ke sAtha yadi sAmUhika dabAva yA bAdhyatA ko svIkAra kara lete haiM, taba vaha krAMti ke lie sabase adhika saphala aura upayukta sAdhana bana jAtA hai|

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30 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja ahiMsA nisteja kyoM ? maiM isakA kAraNa ahiMsaka logoM kI ahiMsA ke prati hone vAlI ImAnadArI ko kamI mAnatA huuN| ve ahiMsA kI AvAja to avazya uThAte haiM, kintu vaha AvAja kevala kaMThoM se A rahI hai, hRdaya se nhiiN| gAMdhIjI ne rAjanIti meM bhI ahiMsA kA prayoga karanA cAhA aura Aja usake ThIka ulTA ahiMsA meM rAjanIti kA prayoga ho rahA hai| yahI kAraNa hai, ahiMsA Aja nisteja ho rahI hai| ahiMsA ke nisteja hone kA dUsarA kAraNa bhI hai / ahiMsA kA artha hotA hai kisI dUsare prANI ko na mAranA, dUsare ko takalIpha na denA, sabake sAtha maitrI aura prema-bhAva rakhanA / isameM apane lakSya ke lie svayaM ke marane kA, balidAna hone kA kahIM niSedha nahIM hai aura na hI use hiMsA hI mAnA gayA hai| kintu Aja kA ahiMsaka jaise mArane se paraheja karatA hai (patA nahIM usameM mArane kA sAhasa bhI hai yA nahIM), usase adhika apane marane kA, apane ko takalIpha hone kA aura apane prANoM ke prati premAkula hone kA dhyAna rakhatA hai| usane apane nahIM marane ko bhI ahiMsA kA eka aMga banA liyA hai / yaha jar3atA kI parAkASThA hai| koI bhI siddhAMta binA Atma-balidAna ke saphala honA asaMbhava hai / svayaM hiMsA bhI balidAna ke abhAva meM saphala nahIM ho sktii| phira ahiMsA, jisakA AdhAra hI tyAga aura balidAna hai, binA unake kase saphala ho sakatI hai ? Aja ahiMsA ko ImAnadAra aura balidAnI vyaktiyoM kI AvazyakatA hai, anyathA isakI AvAja kA mUlya araNya-rodana se adhika nahIM hogaa| isameM sandeha nahIM ki Aja ke manuSya ne bhautika, Arthika aura bauddhika dRSTi ne kAphI vikAsa kiyA hai / vikAsa kI isa bhUmikA para pahuMcane ke bAda bhI isa prakAra kI nirmamatApUrNa ghaTanAoM kA ghaTita honA isa tathya kI ora saMketa karatA hai ki bhautika, Arthika, bauddhika athavA anya kinhIM bhI mUlyoM para AdhArita pragati mAnavIya mUlyoM ke AdhAra ke abhAva meM vAMchanIya pariNAma nahIM lA sktii| bhautika vikAsa kA artha hI hai pratispardhA kA ubhAra, jisakA pariNAma saMgharSa aura TakarAva hI ho sakatA hai| mAnavIya ekatA aura samAna sambandhoM kI anubhUti ke abhAva meM hastagata hone vAlI zakti vikAsa kA nahIM, vinAza kA hI kAraNa banatI hai| isalie mere vicAra se vikAsa kA mAnadaNDa bauddhika aura bhAvanA pakSa donoM kA saMtulita rUpa honA caahie| __ amarIkA meM cala rahe varNAtmaka saMgharSa kI bhUmikA meM yaha sahRdayatA kA abhAva hI kAma kara rahA hai / gore loga apane ko UMcA mAnate haiN| kAle loga usa hoTala meM khAnA na khAeM, jisameM ve khAte haiN| una klaboM ke sadasya

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krAnti aura ahiMsA na hoM, jinake ve haiM / ve unake sAtha baiThe-ghUmeM nhiiN| unake bacce unake (goroM ke) baccoM ke sAtha kheleM nahIM, par3heM nahIM, sAtha-sAtha raheM nahIM aura bAtacIta na kreN| isa prakAra sahRdayatA kA abhAva UMca-nIca ke darpa ko janma detA hai| darpa dUsare ke prati ghRNA ke bhAva paidA karatA hai, ghRNA kA pratikAra AtaMka utpanna karatA hai aura AtaMka apanI surakSA ke lie hiMsA kA sahArA letA sahRdayatA kA abhAva, UMca-nIca kA darpa, ghRNA aura AtaMka-ye hiMsA ke bIja haiM / jaba taka mAnavIya ekatA, samAnatA aura svataMtratA ke mUlyoM kA vikAsa nahIM hogA, ye bIja phalate-phUlate raheMge aura apane viSaphaloM se logoM meM unmAda bharate rheNge| AtmakhyApana kI manovRtti bhI isa prakAra kI ghaTanAoM meM yadA-kadA kAraNa banatI hai| eka amarIkana itihAsajJa isa niSkarSa para pahuMcA hai ki ina hatyAoM ke SaDyantra meM vyakti kI mahattvAkAMkSAeM adhika kAma karatI haiN| usake mata meM pazcima ke loga Aja Atma-prasiddhi ke roga se itane grasta ho gaye haiM ki ve yena-kena-prakAreNa use prApta karanA cAhate haiN| kiMga kI hatyA ke bAda jarmana yuvaka netA kI hatyA isa tathya ko adhika puSTa karatI hai| vyakti socatA hai ki kisI mahApuruSa kI hatyA kara sAre saMsAra meM vaha acAnaka prasiddha ho jaaegaa| kucha bhI ho, Aja jo yaha mAnasika aura pAgalapana bar3hatA jA rahA hai, usakI rokathAma hue binA ye samasyAeM sulajha sakeM, yaha sarvathA asambhava hai| kiMga kI hatyA ahiMsA kI parAjaya nahIM, kintu mahAn vijaya hai / isase hiMsA kI kAyaratA spaSTa parilakSita hotI hai / ahiMsA kI ajeya zakti kA yaha eka jvalanta udAharaNa hai ki ahiMsA-niSTha eka nanhA-sA AdamI bhI samUce deza kI zakti ko cunautI de sakatA hai / kiMga ne apanA balidAna dekara ahiMsA ko bahuta tejasvI banAyA hai| aba prazna yaha hai ki ahiMsA-niSTha loga isa cunautI kA sAmanA kaise kareM ? bahuta hI jaTila aura ulajhana bharA prazna hai yaha / kintu yaha nizcita hai ki hiMsA ke hAthoM ahiMsA hataprabha nahIM ho sktii| apekSA yahI hai, ki isa prakAra kI ghaTanAoM se ahiMsA-niSTha loga na nirAza baneM aura na hI uttejita aura udvigna baneM / kiMga kI hatyA ke bAda nIgro logoM ne amerIkA meM AgajanI, lUTapATa aura hatyAkANDa ke jo dRzya upasthita kie, ahiMsA meM inako vAMchanIya nahIM kahA jA sktaa| hiMsA to yaha cAhatI hI hai ki ahiMsA meM uttejanA Ae, vaha bhar3ake aura merA sahArA le| ahiMsA-niSTha vyakti isa prakAra kI paristhiti meM yadi uttejita ho jAte haiM to mAnanA cAhie, yaha hiMsA kI hI vijaya hai / kAle logoM se ghRNA karane vAloM ne kiMga ke zarIra kI

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32 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja hatyA kI thI, kintu bAda meM usakI jAti ke logoM ne AgajanI aura utpAta ke dRzya upasthita kara usakI AtmA kI hatyA karane kA prayAsa kiyaa| kitanA acchA hotA, nIgro jAti apane pyAre netA ke nidhana se prerita hokara dugunI zakti se usake mizana ko pUrA karane meM laga jAtI ! usake dvArA saMcAlita hone vAle ahiMsAtmaka abhiyAna ko hataprabha nahIM hone dekara apanI Ahuti se use aura adhika prajvalita karatI / kiMga kI patnI ne apane pati ke abhAva meM svayaM usa railI kI kamAna saMbhAlakara sacamuca hI eka Adarza upasthita kiyA, jisake Ayojana kI pUrva-bhUmikA meM kiMga ko apane prANoM se hAtha dhonA par3A thaa| yaha ahiMsA kA parIkSaNa-kAla hai| ahiMsAvAdI logoM kA yaha kartavya hai ki ve ahiMsA ko vIryahIna na banane deN| isa dRSTi se una logoM kA ahiMsA kI dizA meM saMgaThita cintana aura saMgaThita prayatna honA caahie| janajana ke lie ahiMsA tabhI vyavahArya aura grAhya bana sakatI hai jaba usameM pratirodha kI zakti Ae / nivIrya ahiMsA meM Aja ke yuga kI AsthA nahIM ho sktii| merI dRSTi se ahiMsA tabhI vIryavAna ho sakatI hai jaba use saMgaThita cintana aura saMgaThita prayatna kA AdhAra mile| yaha maiM ahiMsA kI durbalatA mAnatA hUM ki usake anuyAyiyoM kA saMgaThana nahIM ho paataa| kucha ahiMsA-niSTha vyaktiyoM kA saMgaThana meM isalie vizvAsa bhI nahIM hai ki ve usameM ahiMsA kA khatarA dekhate haiM / maiM ahiMsA kI vIryavattA ke lie saMgaThana ko upayogI samajhatA huuN| hiMsA vahAM hai jahAM bAdhyatA ho / sAdhanA ke sUtra para calane vAle prayatna vyaktigata stara para jitane zuddha hote haiM, samUha ke stara para bhI utane hI zuddha ho sakate haiN| sAmUhika abhyAsa se usa zuddhatA meM tejasvitA aura adhika nikhara AtI hai| ___ ahiMsA ko saphala banAne ke lie usake vyavasthita prazikSaNa kI bhI Aja nitAnta apekSA hai| sthAna-sthAna para prazikSaNa kendroM kI vyavasthA ho aura ahiMsA ke vyApaka stara para prayoga kie jAeM to maiM samajhatA hUM ahiMsA ke prati jana-jana kA AkarSaNa svayaM bar3hegA : hiMsA ke prati logoM kI koI AsthA nahIM hai| saba loga acchI taraha jAnate haiM ki hiMsA kisI bhI samasyA kA samAdhAna bana nahIM sktii| lekina ahiMsA ke prazikSaNa aura patha-darzana ke abhAva meM unheM vivazatA se hiMsA kA patha svIkAra karanA par3atA hai / maiM AzA karatA hUM, isa prakAra kI ghaTanAoM se prerita hokara ahiMsA-niSTha loga ahiMsA ke prazikSaNa tathA prayogoM kI ora vizeSa dhyAna deNge| ahiMsAtmaka pratikAra kA svarUpa kyA hogA? ahiMsAtmaka pratirodha kAryakrama meM usake anurUpa bhUmikA kA honA

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kAnti aura ahiMsA 33 jarUrI hai / usa bhUmikA kI dRSTi se maiM sabase pahalA sthAna ahiMsA ke prazikSaNa ko dUMgA / niSThA kI bAta bhI prazikSaNa ke abhAva meM cala nahIM sakatI / kisI bhI samasyA ke samAdhAna meM hiMsA aura ahiMsA donoM sAdhana sadA se prayoga meM Ate rahe haiM / kintu prazna yahAM para paramparA kA hai / rUsa aura amarIkA donoM deza ANavika yuddha meM sakSama haiM / phira bhI ve nirantara isa yuddha ko TAlane kA prayatna karate haiM / Akhira kyoM ? isIlie ki isase eka nayI paramparA kA janma hotA hai, jisakA bhaviSya bilakula dhuMdhalA hai / ffer apane Apa svastha vicAra hai / kintu usakI paramparA taba taka nahIM bana sakatI jaba taka usakA saphala prayoga - parIkSaNa na ho / usa prayogaparIkSaNa kI pUrva taiyArI meM ahiMsA kA prazikSaNa sabase buniyAdI kArya hai / ahiMsAtmaka pratirodha ke vicAra meM hameM kucha mAnyatAeM yA nizcita sUtra bhI sthira karane hoMge / isake lie sabase pahale deza, kAla aura paristhitiyoM kA jJAna honA Avazyaka hai / paristhitiyoM ko dekhate hue kisa kArya ko kisa rUpa meM hAtha meM liyA jAe, kisa rUpa se usakA saMcAlana kiyA jAe, ina sabake viveka ke binA yaha kArya Age nahIM bar3ha sakatA / gAMdhIjI apane satyAgraha Andolana meM aneka mor3a liyA karate the / kabhI ve Andolana ko teja karate, kabhI maMda karate aura kabhI sthagita bhI kara dete / inake pIche eka hI kAraNa thA - deza, kAla aura paristhitiyoM kA saMtulana banAye rakhanA / dUsare, nirNaya meM viveka-jAgaraNa ke sAtha-sAtha nirNetA kA taTastha aura vinamra dRSTikoNa honA nitAnta Avazyaka hai / taTasthatA aura vinamratA ahiMsAtmaka pratirodha ke AdhAra stambha haiN| kisI bhI vicAra ke prati pUrvAgraha aura ahaMbhAva unameM nibha nahIM sakate / pakSa - vizeSa meM baMdhakara pratirodha kI bAta karanA svayaM hiMsA hai / tIsare, isameM dRSTikoNa aura pravRtti kI vizuddhatA kA honA afrvArya hai / kisI eka ke prati sadbhAva aura dUsare ke prati durbhAva yA dUsare ko hAni pahuMcAkara bhI apanI bAta kA samarthana isameM nahIM honA cAhie / durbhAva, bala-yoga aura bAdhyatA - ye sAdhana svayaM hiMsA se saMpRkta haiM / kisI bhI vicAra yA pakSa ke virodha meM pratirodha hote hue bhI ahiMsA yaha anumati nahIM detI ki hamAre diloM meM virodhI ke prati durbhAva yA ghRNA ke bhAva hoM / bhArata-cIna yuddha ke saMdarbha meM svargIya paMDita neharU ne yahI kahA thA - 'sthitivaza hameM cIniyoM ke sAtha lar3anA par3a rahA hai to hama lar3eMge / kintu hamAre diloM meM unake prati durbhAva yA ghRNA ke bhAva nahIM hone cAhie / ' mAnavIya samatA, ekatA, svataMtratA aura saha-astitva kI anubhUti meM se hI ahiMsA prasUta hotI hai / isake bAda ahiMsAtmaka pratirodha kA karaNIya pakSa hamAre samakSa AtA

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34 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja hai| usake lie jana-bala ko baToranA hogaa| usa bala ke lie sAdhAraNa jana-mAnasa ko yahI pratIta honA Avazyaka hai ki Avega Avega ko upazAMta nahIM kara sktaa| hiMsA hiMsA ko khatma nahIM kara sktii| Aga Aga ko nahIM bujhA sktii| yaha pratIti jisa dina kasauTI para car3hakara janatA ke samakSa AegI, vaha eka AzvAsana kA svara hogA aura janatA svayaM usa svara ke sAtha apanA svara jor3a degii| hama eka vyAvahArika udAharaNa leN| milAvaTa ke viruddha, rizvata ke viruddha athavA anya kisI sAmAjika burAI ke viruddha hara koI AdamI AzvAsana cAhatA hai / vaha cAhatA hai, use zuddha vastu mile, binA rizvata ke usakA kArya sadhe / aba milAvaTa yA rizvata ke viruddha yadi kahIM AvAja uThatI hai to janatA kA samarthana milanA svAbhAvika hai aura jisa cIja ke viruddha janamata taiyAra ho jAtA hai, vaha kArya kabhI cala nahIM sktaa| isa prakAra ahiMsAtmaka pratirodha meM mujhe hiMsAtmaka pratirodha kI apekSA adhika kSamatA, saphalatA aura sahajatA dIkhatI hai| dhyAna dene kI bAta itanI hI hai ki usakA sUtrasaMcAlana taTasthatA, vinamratA, dRSTikoNa aura pravRtti kI vizuddhatA aura samatA ke sAtha ho|

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ahiMsA aura vIratva ahiMsA-niSTha samAja yA vyakti dayA aura karuNA-pradhAna avazya hotA hai kintu isa kAraNa usameM vIratva aura pauruSa nahIM ho sakatA, ise maiM mithyA Aropa yA bhrama samajhatA hUM / Aropa unakA hai, jinakI ahiMsA meM niSThA nahIM hai aura bhrama unakA hai, jinhoMne ahiMsA ko samajhA nahIM / yaha tabhI saMbhava hai, jaba dayA aura karuNA ke sAtha vIratva aura pauruSa kA virodha ho / maiM inameM virodha to dekhatA hI nahIM, pratyuta eka-dUsare meM eka-dUsare kA sAhacarya Avazyaka mAnatA hUM / Aja eka-dUsare meM eka-dUsare kA sAhacarya nahIM hai / isIlie jisa prakAra dayA aura karuNA lAMchita haiM, vaise hI vIratva aura pauruSa bhI lAMchita bhAratIya dArzanikoM ne ahiMsA para bahuta sUkSmatA se vicAra kiyA hai| aneka dharma-granthoM ne bhAratIya jIvana-paddhati meM ahiMsA kA vidhAna bhI diyA hai| kintu isakA artha yaha nahIM ki unhoMne pratikAra kA niSedha kiyA ho| jahAM samAja meM saMpatti aura aparigraha hai, usa saMpatti aura parigraha kI surakSA kA niSedha koI bhI dharma-grantha nahIM kara sktaa| bhArata-pAka-saMgharSa ke samaya meM dillI meM thaa| vahAM eka bAra sahasA dinakarajI mile / unhoMne chUTate hI kahA-'Apa logoM ke sAmane to abhI vikaTa samasyA hogI, bhArata aura pAka ke bIca yuddha jo cala rahA hai| Apa na to yuddha ko acchA mAnate haiM, na usakA samarthana karate haiM aura na yuddha meM bhAga lene ke lie apane anuyAyiyoM ko Adeza hI dete haiM / Adeza to dUra, bhAga lene kA niSedha bhI karate haiM / aba isa nAjuka samaya meM Apake siddhAntoM kI rakSA kaise saMbhava hai?' yaha eka bhramapUrNa prazna hai jo eka-do vyaktiyoM taka sImita nahIM,vyApaka rUpa lie hai| hama yuddha ko na acchA mAnate haiM aura na samarthana hI karate haiMyahAM taka isa kathana meM avazya sacAI hai| kintu yuddha meM bhAga lene kA niSedha karate haiM, yaha kahanA sahI nahIM / kyoMki jaba taka samAja ke sAtha parigraha jur3A huA hai, maiM hiMsA aura yuddha kI anivAryatA dekhatA hUM / parigraha ke sAtha lipsA kA gaThabandhana hotA hai| lipsA bhaya ko janma detI hai, aura bhaya nizcita rUpa se hiMsA aura saMgharSa kA AmaMtraNa hai / samAja meM jIne vAlA aura samAja kI surakSA kA dAyitva or3hane vAlA AdamI yuddha ke anivArya kAraNoM ko dekhatA huA bhI use nakArane kA prayatna kare, ise maiM khaNDita mAnyatA mAnatA huuN|

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36 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja maiM jaba jaina itihAsa ke panne palaTatA hUM taba mere sAmane aise aneka jaina rAjA aura maMtriyoM ke nAma Ate haiM, jinhoMne apane rAjya kA saMcAlana bar3I kuzalatA se kiyaa| aneka jaina-senApatiyoM kA paricaya pAtA hUM, jinhoMne apane senApatitvakAla meM aneka yuddha bar3I vIratA se lar3e aura vijayI hokara lautte| yadi jaina-dharma yA ahiMsA unheM kAyara banA detI to yaha saba kaise hotA ? prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ke samaya bharata-bAhubalI ke bIca mahAna saMgrAma huA thA / aMtima tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samaya rAjA kauNika aura ceTaka ke bIca jaba ki ve donoM hI bhagavAna mahAvIra ke ziSya the, itihAsaprasiddha bhayaMkara yuddha huaa| ina saba udAharaNoM se spaSTa hotA hai, parigraha aura sattA kI sthiti meM yuddha kI sthiti anivArya rahI hai aura ahiMsA meM vizvAsa rakhane vAle bhI usa sthiti meM sadA kartavya-parAyaNatA aura vIratA ke sAtha bhAga lete rahe haiM, kyoMki ve parigraha, hiMsA aura ahiMsA--ina sabakI AvazyakatAoM aura sImAoM se aparicita nahIM the| parigraha, lipsA, bhaya aura hiMsA-ina meM kArya-kAraNa-bhAva hotA hai| eka ko svIkArate hue hama dUsare ko nakAra nahIM sakate / aparigraha ke sAtha ahiMsA kI bAta avazya nibha sakatI hai / aparigraha, abhaya aura ahiMsA-yaha eka pUrA vRtta hai| kintu parigraha kA dAyitva svIkAra karane vAlA usakI surakSA ke samaya ahiMsA kI bAta kare, ise maiM nirI kAyaratA mAnatA huuN| sAmAjika vyakti ke lie yuddha eka anivArya koTi kI hiMsA haieka aisI hiMsA jisakA parihAra samAja meM jIne vAlA AdamI nahIM kara sakatA / hAM, itanA avazya hai, maiM yuddha meM hone vAlI hiMsA ko ahiMsA nahIM maantaa| kucha dharma-graMthoM ne yuddha meM lar3ane ko dharma aura svarga tathA apavargaprApti kA sAdhana batAyA hai| maiM isase sahamata nahIM / yaha to svayaM ahiMsA kA khaNDana hai| bhArata saikar3oM varSoM taka gulAma rhaa| isa gulAmI kA kAraNa ahiMsA ko mAnanA, mere vicAra se eka ajJAnapUrNa bAta hogii| itihAsa svayaM isa bAta kA sAkSI hai ki ahiMsA ke utkarSakAla meM deza ne sadA saba prakAra se unnati kI hai / bhagavAna mahAvIra aura gautama buddha ke ahiMsA aura karuNA ke upadezoM kA prabhAva unake bAda karIba pandraha sau varSoM taka calatA hai / gupta-sAmrAjya, jo ki bhArata ke itihAsa meM svarNima yuga kahA jAtA hai, vaha bhI isI avadhi meM panapA thaa| pandraha sau varSoM kA itihAsa Aja bhI apanI gaurava bharI vijayagAthAeM ga rahA hai| sake bAda ahiMsA kA prabhAva ghaTane lgaa| ahiMsA kA upadeza de vAle dharma sampradAya svayaM ApasI jhagar3oM meM ulajha ge| kalaha, IrSyA aura vidveSa ne rAjanIti, samAja aura dharma-kisI ko bhI achUtA nahIM chor3A / dharma ke

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ahiMsA aura vIratva nAma para sthAna-sthAna para malla-yuddha aura akhAr3ebAjI hone lgii| sArA deza choTI-choTI ikAiyoM meM baMTa gayA aura ve choTI-choTI ikAiyAM bhI sampradAya, jAti aura varNa ke aneka Tukar3oM meM vibhakta ho gyiiN| dina-pratidina kriyAkANDoM kA jora bhI bar3hatA gyaa| ye saba aise kAraNa the, jinhoMne bhArata ke bAhara se bhI Tukar3e-Tukar3e kara DAle aura bhItara se bhI use azakta aura nirbala banA diyaa| ahiMsA-niSThA ke kAraNa bhArata gulAma rahA, yaha bAta bhI samajha meM A jAtI, yadi bhAratIya loga yuddha-vimukha ho jAte / jabaki sthiti yaha hai ki pichale hajAra varSoM meM bhArata-bhUmi para choTe-choTe saikar3oM yuddha lar3e gae haiN| choTI-choTI riyAsatoM kI sImAeM prAyaH azAnta rahI haiN| jaba yahAM barAbara yuddha hote rahe haiM, yahAM kI nasa-nasa meM hiMsA kA pravAha rahA hai, phira ahiMsAniSThA kaisI? saMkSepa meM, mere vicAroM meM ahiMsA vIroM kA AbhUSaNa hai / ahiMsA svataMtratA kA prANa hai / gulAmI svayaM hiMsA hai bhagavAna mahAvIra ne jaise prANavadha ko hiMsA mAnA hai, dAsa-prathA ko bhI hiMsA mAnA hai / gulAmI aura ahiMsA kA Apasa meM koI tAla-mela nahIM hai / isa prakAra apanI hI kAyaratA, raNanIti kI akuzalatA, kriyAkANDoM kA bAhulya aura ApasI kalaha aura phUTa ke kAraNa zatAbdiyoM taka palane vAlI bhArata kI gulAmI ko ahiMsA ke sAtha natthI nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| ahiMsAtmaka pratirodha __ mere vicAra se ina sthitiyoM meM ahiMsA kI AvAja kA mUlya aura adhika bar3ha jAtA hai| pAnI kA sadA mahattva rahatA hai, lekina akAla ke samaya usakA mUlya adhika bar3ha jAtA hai| yuddha ke samaya zAMti kA mUlya aura adhika bar3ha jAtA hai / hiMsA ke samaya ahiMsA kA mUlya-sthApana svayaM prakRti hai| prazna aba ahiMsA ke mUlya kA hI nahIM, usakI pratiSThA kA hai / maiM mAnatA hUM, yaha ahiMsA kA parIkSA-kAla hai, ahiMsA ke prayoga kA kAla hai / isa svarNima avasara kA lAbha uThAte hue ahiMsA yadi ina samasyAoM kA samAdhAna detI hai to usakA tejasvI rUpa svayaM pratiSThita ho jAegA anyathA vaha bekAra raha jaaegii| deza kI AjAdI ke saMdarbha meM gAMdhIjI ne ahiMsA ko kendra meM pratiSThita kiyA thaa| pariNAmataH binA kisI khUna-kharAbe ke bhArata ko AjAdI milii| isake sAtha hI logoM ke diloM meM ahiMsA ke prati AsthA bhI bddh'ii| kintu bAda meM ahiMsA ko kendra-sthAna nahIM diyA gayA, use pArzva-sthAna milA, eka nIti ke rUpa meM sthAna milA / yahI kAraNa hai, ahiMsA kA tejasvI rUpa sAmane

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38 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja nahIM A paayaa| logoM ne isa nIti kI durbalatA ko ahiMsA kI durbalatA maanaa| isa prakAra rASTra ke mAnasa meM AjAdI ke samaya ahiMsA ke prati jamane vAlI AsthA aura usakI zakti meM hone vAlA vizvAsa dhIre-dhIre kama ho gayA / ____phira bhI sacAI yaha hai ki hiMsA cAhe apane carama sImA taka pahuMca jAe, para usakA mUlya-sthApana nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki vaha hamArI prakRta avasthA nahIM hai| tUphAna aura uphAna kisI avadhi vizeSa taka hI prabhAvita kara sakate haiM / ve na sthAyI ho sakate haiM aura na unakI pratiSThA hI ho sakatI hai| mUlya-sthApanA kI saMbhAvanA meM mujhe jo sabase bar3I bAdhA dikhAI par3atI hai, vaha hai ahiMsA ke prati dRr3ha AsthA kI kmii| paryApta AsthA kA prabhAva mujhe janatA meM hI nahIM dikhatA, svayaM ahiMsA meM vizvAsa rakhane vAle logoM meM bhI nahIM hai| isalie ahiMsAtmaka pratikAra kI bAta se pahale ahiMsaka vyaktiyoM meM ahiMsA ke prati aTUTa niSThA utpanna karanA atyadhika Avazyaka hai| phira bhI ahiMsA ke mUlya-sthApana kI saMbhAvanA meM mujhe koI saMdeha nahIM hai|

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ahiMsA zAstra hI nahIM, zastra bhI manuSya zAnti kA icchuka hai| vaha zAnti se jInA cAhatA hai| usakI zAnti meM kisI prakAra kI bAdhA pahuMcatI hai to vaha asthira ho jAtA hai| zAnti ke lie itanI gaharI tar3apa hone para bhI vaha azAnti se ghira jAtA hai, kyoMki zAnti kA amogha sAdhana hai ahiMsA / jaba taka ahiMsA kI cetanA nahIM jAgatI hai, alpa mAtrA meM jAgatI hai, taba taka vyakti hiMsA ke sahAre calatA hai / hiMsA eka prakAra kA udvega hai| udvega ke sAtha zAnti kA dUra kA riztA bhI nahIM hai / udvega kI upasthiti meM zAnti sAMsa hI nahIM le sakatI / isalie udvegamUlaka pravRtti se bacAva karanA jarUrI hai| hiMsA jIvana kA eka khataranAka mor3a hai| yaha aisA mor3a hai, jahAM ghumAva hai, phisalana hai aura aMdherA hai| ghumAvadAra mor3oM para prakAza kI samucita vyavasthA ho aura Traiphika pulisa sAvadhAna ho to durghaTanAeM kama hotI haiM / isI prakAra aMdhere rAste sIdhe hoM to unheM suvidhA se pAra kiyA jA sakatA hai, para Age kucha bhI dikhAI na de sake, aise mor3oM para hara pala mauta kA sAyA maMDarAtA rahatA hai| ___ ahiMsA kA rAstA kucha lambA avazya hai, para vahAM na to kucha khataranAka mor3a hai, na phisalana hai aura na aMdhakAra hai| aise rAste para vyakti nizcintatA ke sAtha Age bar3hatA hai aura samaya se pahale maMjila taka pahuMca jAtA hai / ahiMsA ke do aMga haiM-sApekSatA aura saha-astitva / inakA sraSTA hai anekAnta / Aja sasAra eka aise mor3a para khar3A hai, jahAM se Age bar3hane ke lie use anekAnta kI jarUrata hai| kisI bhI vyakti, vastu yA ghaTanA ko bhinna-bhinna dRSTiyoM se dekhanA aura virodhI yugaloM meM samanvaya sthApita karanA--yaha anekAnta hai| yahI sApekSatA aura saha-astitva kA AdhAra hai| anekAnta kI baisAkhI ke sahAre manuSya zAnti kI dizA meM prasthAna kara sakatA hai aura zAnti se jIvana yApana kara sakatA hai / anekAnta ko nahIM samajhA gayA to kisI bhI samaya vizva-yuddha bhar3aka sakatA hai| hatyA na karanA, na satAnA, duHkha na denA ahiMsA kA eka rUpa hai / yaha ahiMsA kI pUrNatA nahIM / usakA AcArAtmaka pakSa hai| vicArAtmaka ahiMsA isase adhika mahattvapUrNa hai| vicAroM meM utara kara hI ahiMsA yA hiMsA ko sakriya hone kA avasara milatA hai| vaicArika hiMsA adhika bhayAvaha hai / usake pariNAma adhika ghAtaka haiN| vicAroM kI zakti kI thAha pAnA bahuta muzkila

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ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja hai| jina logoM ne isameM thor3A bhI avagAhana kiyA hai, ve vicAra-cikitsA ke nAma se nayI cikitsA-vidhi kA prayoga kara rahe haiM / isa vidhi meM hiMsA, bhaya, nirAzA jaise nakArAtmaka vicAroM kI koI mUlyavattA nahIM hai / ahiMsA eka mAtra pojiTiva thiMkiMga para khar3I hai| pojiTiva thiMkiMga anekAnta kI urvarA meM hI paidA ho sakatI hai| anekAMta ke binA vizva-zAMti kI kalpanA hI nahIM ho sktii| zAnti kA dUsarA bar3A kAraNa hai-tyAga kI cetanA ke vikAsa kA prazikSaNa / bhogavAdI vRtti se hiMsA ko protsAhana milatA hai| yadi vyakti ko zAnti se jInA hai to use tyAga kI mahimA ko svIkAra karanA hogA, tyAga kI cetanA kA vikAsa karanA hogaa| AcArya bhikSu ne saba prakAra ke upacAroM se Upara uThakara sApha zabdoM meM kahA--'tyAga dharma hai : bhoga dharma nahIM hai|' 'saMyama dharma hai : asaMyama dharma nahIM hai| yaha vaicArika AsthA vyakti meM ahiMsA kI lau prajvalita kara sakatI hai| bAta vizva zAnti kI ho aura vicAroM meM ghora azAnti vyApta ho to zAnti kisa daravAje se bhItara praveza karegI ? eka ora zAMti para carcA, dUsarI ora ghora pralayaMkArI aNu astroM kA nirmANa ! kyA yaha visaMgati nahIM hai ? aisI visaMgatiyAM tabhI TUTa sakeMgI, jaba aNu astroM ke prayoga para niyaMtraNa ho jaaegaa| jisa prakAra pAnI mathane se ghI nahIM milatA, vaise hI hiMsA se zAnti nahIM hotI / zAnti ke sAre rahasya ahiMsA ke pAsa haiM / ahiMsA se bar3hakara koI zAstra nahIM hai, zastra bhI nahIM hai| AvazyakatA hai isa saMdarbha meM kucha nayA khojane kI / jaba taka hama nayI khoja-yAtrA ke niSkarSa taka nahIM pahuMca pAeMge, ahiMsA kI kriyAnviti korI kalpanA banakara raha jaaegii| kalpanA ke coge ko utAre binA vizva-zAnti kA sapanA kabhI sAkAra nahIM ho skegaa|

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ahiMsA : jIvana-saMskRti ko naI dizA manuSya ko bhUkha lage aura khAne kI cIja usake pAsa ho phira bhI vaha nahIM khAye, aisA kabhI ho sakatA hai ? yaha manuSya svabhAva ke viruddha hai / peTa meM bhUkha ho, aura hAtha meM khAdya-padArtha ho to manuSya use na khAe, yaha to na kabhI huA aura na ho hI sakatA hai| lekina tapasyA karane vAle kevala muTThI bhara sAdhu hI nahIM, balki hajAroM aura lAkhoM dhArmika loga ekAdazI, zivarAtri, paryuSaNa, ramajAna athavA leMTa ke nAma se manuSya svabhAva ke viruddha phAkA karate, vrata rakhate, pAe jAte yauvana ho aura vikAra ko tRpta karane kA maukA bhI ho, aisI hAlata meM manuSya ne kyA kabhI viSaya-sevana chor3A hai ? yaha manuSya svabhAva ke viruddha hai| isameM zAyada kudarata kA droha' bhI hai / kahA jAtA hai manuSya cAhe to saMyama kA aura brahmacarya kA daMbha kara sakatA hai; lekina kudarata ne yaha zakti sAmAnya manuSya ko dI hI nahIM hai / dhArmika sAdhanA ke kAraNa jinakI cittavatti vikRta ho gaI ho, ve bhale hI isameM kAmayAba ho jAeM, kintu sAmAnya manuSya ke lie yaha asaMbhava hai| aisA hote hue bhI asaMkhya vidhavAeM apane vikAroM para vijaya pAkara pavitra zAntimaya jIvana vyatIta karatI haiM aura samAja ko saMyama kA gaurava sikhAtI haiM / virAgI sAdhuoM kI bAta nahIM, hajAroM aura lAkhoM mahattvAkAMkSI taruNa apanI mahattvAkAMkSA ke lie vikAroM ko davA lete haiN| itanA hI nahIM kintu unheM bhUla bhI jAte haiM / aura aise bhI asaMkhya sAmAnya pati-patnI haiM, jo gRhastha-dharma kA pAlana karate hue bhI, yadi kisI kAraNavaza unheM eka dUsare kA viyoga sahana karanA par3e, to pArasparika prema kI utkaTatA ke kAraNa hI apane vikAroM ko mAra sakate haiM aura Ajanma brahmacAriyoM se bhI adhika ucca koTi kI nivikAritA anubhava kara sakate haiN| agara jhUTha bolane se yA vacana bhraSTa hone se manuSya ko kAmanAtIta munAphA ho sakatA hai, to kyA manuSya satya para DaTA raha sakatA hai ? nhiiN| lobha kA vega asAdhAraNa hotA hai| manuSya zAyada kAma-vikAra para vijaya pA sake lekina lobha chor3ane vAlA koI biralA hI milegaa| aisA hote hue bhI kevala harizcandra hI nahIM, karNa hI nahIM, rAmacaMdra hI nahIM, kintu hajAroM baniye, kisAna aura kArIgara pAye jAte haiM jo apane vacana

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ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja ke lie cAhe jitanA nukasAna sahana karate haiM / matsara ke bAre meM bhI yahI kahA jA sakatA hai| saMkaTa dekhakara bhAga jAnA aura apanI jAna bacAnA kudarata kA kAnUna hai| bar3e-bar3e hAthI, zera aura siMha bhI jaba taka apane mana meM Dara paidA nahIM hotA, tabhI taka lar3ate haiN| lekina AtmavizvAsa, vijaya kA nizvAsa, naSTa hote hI duma dabAkara aise betahAzA bhAgate haiM ki unheM koI roka nahIM sktaa| mRtyu se na DaranA eka paramahaMsa ke lie bhale hI saMbhava ho parantu sAmAnya manuSya ke lie yaha bAta asaMbhava ho to Aja hama dekhate haiM ki muTThI bhara yA hajAra do hajAra loga bhI nahIM, kisI bhI jAti ke loga bhI nahoM, kiMtu tamAma duniyAM bhara ke sAmAnya loga Aga bujhAne ke prayatna meM hone Adi sAMsargika rogoM ke daure ke vakta marIjoM kI sevA karane meM aura yuddha meM eka dUsare kA khUna karate samaya apanI jAna kI bilakula paravAha nahIM krte| topa ke gole ke sAmane topakhAne para kabjA karanevAle bahAdura sipAhI sAmAnya manuSya jAti ke hI pratinidhi hote haiN| ve koI asAdhAraNa auliyA nahIM hote| agara mujhe koI gAliyAM de, to javAba meM maiM use gAliyAM na de dUM, yaha kaise ho sakatA hai ? kyA maiM apane mana ko dhoye binA kAyara kI taraha baiTha sakatA hUM? hargija nahIM / kisI ne gAlI dI to maiM use aisA javAba dUMgA ki jiMdagI bhara yAda karatA rhe| asaMskArI aura kamIne loga Upara kI tarapha rahate haiM aura karate bhI haiM / lekina duniyA bhara ke sAmAnya sajjana kahate haiM ki gAlI kA javAba gAlI se dene se pratipakSI ko nukasAna hogA yA nahIM, hama nahIM jAnate ? kiMtu hamArI jabAna to bhraSTa ho hI jAegI / gAliyAM dene vAle kA halAla hama jarUra kareMge, kintu aise hIna rAste se nahIM, jisameM hamArA hI adhaHpAta ho| ahiMsAvAdI bhI kahate haiM ki hama atyAcArI kA atyAcAra thor3e hI bardAzta karane vAle haiM ? usakA hama aisA ilAja kareMge ki phira vaha atyAcAra kA nAma hI na le / lekina vaha ilAja usakA anukaraNa karake nahIM, kiMtu aise DhaMga se kareMge jisase use apane jIvana ke prati zarma A jAye aura vaha apanA svabhAva hI bhUla jaaye| taba svacakra athavA paracakra ke avasara para manuSya kA pratipakSI ko mArane ke badale usake sAmane niDara khar3e honA aura binA AkramaNa kie marane ke lie taiyAra honA asaMbhava kyoM mAnA jAtA hai ? jina sipAhiyoM ne phaujI tAlIma pAI, una para cAhe pattharoM aura goliyoM kI bauchAra kyoM na hotI rahe, magara jaba taka senApati se lar3ane kA Adeza nahIM milatA, taba taka ve cupacApa saba kucha sahate rahate haiM / na ve bhAgate haiM, na hAtha uThAte haiM, DaTe rahakara mAra khAte rahate haiM aura mara miTate haiN| ve

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43 ahiMsA : jIvana saMskRti ko naI dizA pratipakSI ke vismaya aura Adara ke pAtra hote haiN| taba aisA kyoM na mAnA jAye ki satyAgrahI senA eka aisI hI bar3I phauja hai, jise yahAM sadA se hukma de rakhA hai ki "tuma marane ke lie taiyAra raho, lekina kisI ko mArane kA nAma bhI mata lo|" yaha bAta manuSya ke lie asaMbhava nahIM hai| jaba islAma ke paigambara kisI lar3AI meM lar3a rahe the, taba kisI ne Akara pUchA-namAja kA vakta ho gayA hai, hama lar3ate raheM yA namAja par3heM ? hamArA namAja chor3akara maranA ThIka hai yA lar3anA chor3akara namAja par3hanA ThIka hai ? nabI sAhaba ne hukma diyA--zatru ke prahAra bhale hI hote raheM, tuma lar3anA chor3a kara raNakSetra meM hI namAja par3ha lo| canda loga mAre jAeMge zAyada adhika mara jAeMge lekina namAja na par3hanA gunAha hogA jo karane kA hameM haka nahIM hai| paigambara ke sainika na to koI bar3e mahAtmA the, na vidvAn / unhoMne paigambara kI nasIhata mAna lI, Age vaisA hI kiyaa| natIjA yaha huA ki musalamAnoM meM asAdhAraNa zakti A gaI aura unakI yaha vIrocita niSThA dekhakara pratipakSI bhI unakA mAna karane lge| yaha saba kaise huA ? kaise hotA AyA hai ? eka hI javAba hai, jaba manuSya zraddhA rakhatA hai, taba vaha zraddhAvAn hotA hai| zraddhAvAn hone meM balidAna dene kI taiyArI karatA hai| balidAna dene se auroM ke lie namUnA peza karatA hai aura aMta meM yaha asAdhAraNa vIra-karma bhI saba manuSyoM ke lie mAmUlI bAta ho jAtI hai| isIlie hama kabhI yaha nahIM kaha sakate ki ahiMsA sAmAnya manuSya ke zakti ke bAhara kI cIja hai yA zveta sAdhuoM aura vairAgiyoM kA hI dharma hai| saMyama hI saMskRti mAtra kI buniyAda hai / nyAya, premaniSThA, ImAna, kAnUnaparastI pratyeka kI buniyAda meM saMyama to hai hii| vahI saMyama kI mAtrA ahiMsA ke lie bhI kAphI hai| kevala rAjanetAoM ko itanA vizvAsa karanA cAhie ki vaha sambhava hai aura usI meM manuSya jAti kA lAbha hai| ahiMsA sAmAnya manuSya ke lie asaMbhava nahIM hai| itanA samajhane ke bAda ahiMsA kA camatkArapUrNa prabhAva aparihArya kaise hotA hai, yaha bAta samajhanI caahie| isa zraddhA ke abhAva meM hI ahiMsA dharma ke prati niSThA zithila ho sakatI hai|

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ahiMsaka jIvana-zailI jIvana kI do zailiyAM haiM-ahiMsA-pradhAna aura hiMsA-pradhAna / ahiMsApradhAna jIvana-zailI kA prayoga adhyAtma ke kSetra meM sadA se mAnya rahA hai| para sAmAjika aura rASTrIya sandarbho meM ahiMsA kA prayoga karane vAle bahata kama vyakti hue haiN| isa yuga meM mahAtmA gAMdhI ne jIvana kI hara samasyA kA samAdhAna ahiMsA ke dharAtala hara khar3e hokara khojane kA prayAsa kiyaa| usa samaya ke aneka rAjanItividoM ne usake mahattva ko samajhA aura use svIkAra kiyaa| gAMdhIjI ne samAja aura rAjya ke saMcAlana meM ahiMsA kI jo dhArA bahAyI, vaha unake asamaya meM cale jAne se kSINa ho gii| isase una logoM ko bAta karane kA avasara mila gayA jo zastra meM vizvAsa karate the aura ahiMsA kI makhaula ur3Ate the| kucha sAmyavAdI deza bhI unake sAtha the kyoMki ve ahiMsA ko mAnate hI nahIM the| ahiMsA eka zAzvata satya hai| samaya kI AMdhI ise dhUmila kara sakatI hai, para samApta nahIM kara sktii| isa yuga meM hiMsAdharmI logoM kI karatUtoM se ahiMsA kI tejasvitA maMda hotI jA rahI thii| aise samaya meM sahasA eka dhamAkA-sA kara diyA soviyata netA gorbAcyova aura bhArata ke pradhAnamaMtrI rAjIva gAMdhI kI vArtA ke bAda jArI kie gae ghoSaNApatra ne / usa ghoSaNApatra se yadi gorbAcyova aura rAjIva gAMdhI ko alaga kara diyA jAe to aisA lagegA ki vaha ghoSaNApatra rAjanIti kA nahIM, adhyAtma kA hai| zAntipUrNa saha-astitva ko antarrASTrIya sambandhoM kA AdhAra banAne kI bAta kisI bhI rASTranetA ke dimAga kI upaja ho, bahuta vilakSaNa bAta hai| isa eka nIti para hI sahI rUpa meM amala ho sake to 'sTAravAra' kI vibhISikA apane Apa samApta ho jaaegii| mAnava-jIvana ko amUlya mAnanA, ahiMsA ko sAmAjika jIvana kA AdhAra mAnanA tathA bhaya aura sandeha ke sthAna para sadbhAva aura vizvAsa kA vAtAvaraNa nirmita karanA adhyAtma kI dharatI para hI sambhava ho sakatA hai| paramANu hathiyAra-mukta ahiMsaka vizva banAne ke lie Thosa kAryakrama ko kriyAnvita karane kI bAta koI sAdhu-saMnyAsI to kara sakatA hai, kintu rAjanIti ke maMca se aisI dhoSaNa kisI bhI paristhiti meM abhinandanIya ho sakatI hai| gorbAcyova kA sAmyavAdI mana ahiMsA kI pUjA meM isa taraha jur3a sakatA hai, kisI ko kalpanA bhI nahIM hogii| samAcAra-patroM meM jisane bhI usa

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ahiMsaka jIvana-zailI ghoSaNApatra ko par3hA, eka bAra to vaha nirvAka raha gayA hogaa| amerikA aura rUsa vizva kI do bar3I zaktiyAM haiM / inameM se eka zakti kA bhI jhukAva ahiMsA kI ora hotA hai to isase tIsarI duniyA ke rASTroM ko bar3A bala milatA hai| hiMsA se hiMsA bar3hatI hai / zastroM kI paramparA calatI hai| aisI sthiti meM kisI bhI bar3e rASTra kI sattA para ArUr3ha vyakti ke mana meM ahiMsA ko pratiSThA dene kA manobhAva jAgatA hai, yaha eka aisA badalAva hai, jisakI pichale kaI dazakoM se pratIkSA thii| 27 navambara 1986 ko dillI meM prasArita bhArata aura soviyatasaMgha kA dasa-sUtrI ghoSaNApatra koI ajUbA nahIM hai, ahiMsA kI vijaya hai, adhyAtma kI vijaya hai| koI bhI zAMtipriya vyakti, samAja yA deza usase Azvasta ho sakatA hai| svayaM Azvasta hone tathA dUsaroM ko Azvasta karane kA yaha upakrama kevala dastAveja banakara hI na raha jAe, isake lie ahiMsA meM AsthA rakhane vAle sabhI vyaktiyoM, saMgaThanoM aura rASTroM ko ekajuTa hokara kAma karanA hai|

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ahiMsaka jIvana zailI ke prayoga zrI haramana kailanabaika eka jarmana sajjana the| unhoMne bharI javAnI meM jarmana senA meM sipAhI kA kAma kiyA thA aura jIvana kA eka bhAga vyatIta karane ke lie ve dakSiNa aphrIkA gaye the| sthapati (zilpakAra) ke nAte ve bar3e kuzala the| AmadanI bahuta acchI thii| akele rAma the| na Udho kA lenA, na mAdho kA denA / isaliye ezo-ArAma aura ThATabATa kI bAta kA to kahanA hI kyA ? zAdI nahIM kI thI, isalie jindagI bhI gaira-jimmedAra thii| jIvana kI nayI-nayI laharoM ke anubhava ke jijJAsu tthhre| isalie aneka pAzcAtya vyaktiyoM kI taraha ve bhI jisa viSaya kI ora dhyAna dete, usI meM DUba jAte the| zrI kailana baika apane dhaMdhe ke sAtha-sAtha jIvana ke dUsare pahaluoM kI ora bhI dhyAna dete the| antarAtmA ko kucha saMtoSa mile, aisI cIjoM kI bhI zodha karate the| unake sAtha anyAya na karatA hoUM to zAyada yaha bhI ho sakatA hai ki kevala jIvana meM vividhatA lAne ke sthUla hetu se hI ve isa taraha ke kAma karate hoM / kucha bhI ho, kintu apane kAma-dhaMdhe aura vaibhava se unheM jo Ananda milatA thA, usase unheM saMtoSa nahIM thaa| yaha saMtoSa ve DhUMDhA karate the| johAnisabarga meM thiyAsaoNphikala sosAyaTI kI zAkhA thii| vahAM ve apanI dhArmika vRtti ko poSaNa dene jAyA karate the aura kSudhA kI zAnti ke liye nirAmiSa bhojanagRha meM jAte the| ina do saMsthAoM meM gAMdhIjI se unakI bheMTa huii| zrI kailanabaika svabhAva ke sarala aura bar3e bhole the| sAtha hI jijJAsu vRtti ke the / TrAnsa vAla meM pracalita raMga-bheda kI vRtti bhI unameM kAphI mAtrA meM thii| hindustAniyoM ko dekhane meM bhI unheM ghRNA AtI thii| parantu jise ve jIvana kI vividhatA mAnate the, usameM gAMdhIjI jaise eka hindustAnI ko pravINa aura raMgA huA dekhakara gAMdhIjI kI ora unakA dhyAna gayA / to unake mana meM eka prazna uThA ki kyA hindustAniyoM jaisI saMskArahIna jAti meM jIvana ko vividhatA yukta aura samRddha banAne ke prayoga karane vAle gAMdhI jaise pravINa manuSya bhI ho sakate haiM ? para bAda meM ve gAMdhIjI se sambandha kAyama karane kI koziza karane lge| donoM milakara carcA karate the| eka dina unhoMne gAMdhIjI ko apane yahAM bhojana kA nimaMtraNa diyA / gAMdhIjI ne kRtajJatApUrvaka nimaMtraNa ko isa zarta para svIkAra kiyA ki unake sAtha zrI kAchaliyA aura eka do anya sAthiyoM ko bhI nimaMtraNa diyA jAe;

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ahiMsaka jIvana zailI ke prayoga aura kailanabaika rajAmanda hoM to gAMdhIjI khuda unheM apane sAtha le jaayeN| kailanabaika ke hRdaya meM usa samaya anya hindustAniyoM ko apane yahAM AmaMtraNa dene kI umaMga to nahIM thii| parantu gAMdhIjI ke prati unake hRdaya meM Adara paidA ho gayA thaa| usa Adara ke kAraNa unhoMne yaha zarta svIkAra kI aura dUsare do-tIna sAthiyoM ko bhI kailanabaika ne nimaMtraNa diyA / isa prakAra gAMdhIjI ne zrI kailanabaika ke hRdaya meM kAlI camar3I ke prati baiThI huyI ghina ko miTAne kA pahalA kadama uThAyA aura zrI kailanabaika ko usI dina mAlUma ho gayA ki hindustAniyoM meM bhI bahuta se loga aise haiM jinheM buddhizAlI aura saMskArI mAnA jA sakatA hai| isa bhrama ke dUra hone para to zrI kailanabaika gAMdhIjI ke daphtara meM jAne lge| donoM ke bIca dharma aura AhAra ke viSaya meM aneka carcAyeM hone lgiiN| aura sAtha hI TaoNlsTaoNya tathA raskina kI pustakeM kharIda kara ve par3hane lge| isa naye svAdhyAya se gAMdhIjI ke AdarzoM ke prati unheM adhika AkarSaNa huaa| gAMdhIjI ne apane kuTumba ko neTAla bheja diyA thaa| kailanabaika ne gAMdhIjI ko apane sAtha hI rahane kA AmaMtraNa diyaa| premabhAva se diye gaye AmaMtraNa ko unhoMne svIkAra kara liyaa| isa samaya to gAMdhIjI aura kailanabaika meM dostI kA sambandha pakkA ho cukA thaa| johAnisbarga meM do-tIna mIla dUra 'mAunTa vyU' nAmakI sundara jagaha hai, vahAM jAhAnisbarga meM vyavasAya karane vAle bahuta se dhanavAna goroM ke baMgale the| vahIM kailanabaika kA bhI baMgalA thaa| vahAM donoM mitroM ne sAtha rahane kA nizcaya kiyaa| gAMdhIjI vahAM rahane cale gye| parantu kailanabaika kA mauja-zauka unheM khaTakA / makAna ghara kA hone para bhI ve kevala apanI sukha-suvidhAoM para hara mahIne lagabhaga 1200 rupaye kharca kara DAlate the| sAdhAraNataH so savA sau rupaye kAphI the / itanI jyAdA phijUlakharcI gAMdhIjI ko khttkii| gAMdhIjI vahAM rahane lage, unake dUsare hI dina zAma ko kailanabaika ne kahA : "saira kA samaya ho gyaa| calo, ghUmane cleN|" "johAnisbarga meM rahane vAle loga to yahAM ghUmane Ate haiM, taba hama kyA vApasa johAnisabarga kI tarapha jAyeM ? havA to yahAM kI acchI hai| aura ghUmanA zrama ke liye hI ho to calo kharapI pkdd'o| bagIce meM hI kAma kareMge to zArIrika zrama bhI ho jaayegaa| sAtha hI bagIce kA kAma bhI ho jaayegaa|" yaha kahakara gAMdhIjI ne kailanabaika ko bagIce ke kAma meM lagAyA, khuda bhI kAma meM lage aura donoM kAma karate-karate aneka viSayoM para bAteM karane lgeN| isa prakAra savere aura zAma donoM AdamI bagIce meM niyamita rUpa meM kAma meM laga jaate| thor3e dina meM zrI kailanabaika ko mAlUma ho gayA ki bagIce ke liye jo do mAlI rakhe gaye haiM una para kharca karanA aba phijUla hai| isa ww

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46 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja liye unheM alaga kara diyA / eka dina gAMdhIjI snAna karane se pahale apanA kamIja dho rahe the / kainabaika ko yaha mAlUma huA to ve bola uThe : "are bhAI, Apa kyoM dho rahe haiM ? yaha dhobI hai na ?" gAMdhIjI ne jabAba diyA : "kala se maiMne apane kapar3e Apa hI dhonA zurU kara diyA hai| mujhe itanI phurasata milatI hai aura mujha meM itanI tAkata bhI hai / isalie apane kapar3e to maiM khuda hI dhoUMgA / " aba zrI kailabaika kyA karate ? gAMdhIjI apane kapar3e khuda dhoyeM aura kainabaika dhobI se dhulavAyeM, yaha kaise ho sakatA thA ? usI samaya se unhoMne bhI apane kapar3e khuda dhonA zurU kara diyaa| natIjA yaha huA ki dhobI bhAI bhI niThalle ho gaye, aura unheM bhI vidA mila gaI / gAMdhIjI dakSiNa aphrIkA meM satyAgraha kI lar3AI meM dUsarI bAra jisa dina jela se chUTane vAle the usa dina zrI kailanabaika eka nayI moTara kharIda kara gAMdhIjI ko jela ke daravAje para lene gye| gAMdhIjI jela se bAhara Aye / sabase mile / zrI kailanabaika ne moTara meM baiThane kI prArthanA kii| gAMdhIjI ne pUchA: " kisakI moTara hai ?" zrI kailana baika ne batAyA : "merI hai / abhI kharIdakara lAyA hUM / " "kisaliye kharIda lAye ?" gAMdhIjI ne pUchA / " Apako le jAne ke lie / mere jI meM AyA ki Apako nayI moTara meM le jAUM / " zrI kalanabaiMka ne saMkoca se jabAba diyA / "acchA to kailana baika yaha moTara tuma abhI nIlAma ghara pahuMcA aao| maiM isameM nahIM baiThUMgA / mere liye tumheM yaha moha kyoM ? tuma pahuMcA kara vApasa Ao, taba taka maiM yahIM khar3A rahUMgA / " zrI kailanabaka turanta moTara ko nIlAma ghara para chor3a Aye / ve loTe taba taka gAMdhIjI apane ko lene Aye huye dUsare mitroM ke sAtha vahIM khar3e rahe aura bAda meM saba paidala calakara apane-apane ghara gaye / zrI kailana baiMka ne kucha mAsa gAMdhIjI ke sAtha bitAye / isa arse meM AhAra ke parivartana para bAtacIta clii| donoM alonA aura ubalA huA khAnA khAte the / parantu hamArA AhAra bhI aprAkRtika hai| sUrya ke tApa se pakA huA bhojana hI kudaratI mAnA jA sakatA hai / pakI huI khurAka ko phira Aga para hama yA to apanI svAdendriya ko poSaNa dene ke liye pakAte haiM yA apanI galata Adata ke kAraNa pakAte haiM / isa carcA para donoM ne phalAhAra karane kA nizcaya kiyA / jarUrata ho to sirpha gehUM kI roTI phaloM ke sAtha khAnA taya kiyA / parantu yaha vicAra karane para rasoiyA bhI anAvazyaka mAlUma huA / phira to rasoiye ke liye apanA hI khAnA banAne kA kAma raha jAtA thA / isaliye use bhI vidA kara

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ahiMsaka jIvanazailI ke prayoga diyA gyaa| isa taraha karate-karate thor3e arse meM gAMdhIjI ne kailanabaika ko saba jhaMjhaToM se mukta kara diyaa| aura hara mahIne 1200 rupaye kharca karane vAle kailanabaika kA kharca ghaTakara 100 se 120 rupaye mAsika para A gyaa| dinoMdina zrI kailanabaika meM vilakSaNa parivartana hotA gayA aura hindustAniyoM ke prati unakI mamatA itanI bar3ha gaI ki ve hindustAnImaya bana ge| pazcimI DhaMga ke rahana-sahana meM unheM asvAbhAvikatA lagane lagI, jarUrata se jyAdA TIma-TAma mAlUma huI aura chichalApana jAna par3A / hindustAnI rahanarahana unheM kudarata ke adhika anukala aura adhika samIpa pratIta huaa| san 1613-14 meM phiniksa Azrama meM hindustAnI veza meM phirate hue kisI gaurAMga sAdhu kA khyAla karatA hai, to merI AMkhoM ke sAmane choTI sI dhotI pahine naMge badana bagIce meM sAvadhAnI se phala-phUloM kI dekhabhAla karate hue zrI kailana baika Akara khar3e ho jAte haiN| maiM pUchatA : "misTara kailanabaika ! Apa ina paudhoM kI kATa-chAMTa karate haiM, taba itanI bArIkI aura sAvadhAnI kyoM rakhate haiM ?" jabAba meM gaMbhIra banakara kahate : 'misTara rAvajIbhAI ! kyA Apa nahI jAnate haiN| koI DaoNkTara choTe bacce ko naztara lagAte samaya jitanI sAvadhAnI rakhatA hai, utanI hI sAvadhAnI phala-phUla ke vRkSoM kI kAMTa-chAMTa karate vakta rakhanI cAhiye / yaha praniMga'-kATa-chAMTa ina per3oM ke vAstavika vikAsa ke liye hI kI jAtI hai| hamArI taraha vanaspati meM bhI jIva hotA hai| use lAparavAhI se kATa DAleM aura kaTe hue sthAna para jarUrI lepa vagairaha na lagAyeM, to usa per3a ko duHkha ho aura usakA du:kha bar3ha jaaye| maiM to isa vanaspati meM yaha sukha-duHkha kI bhAvanA dekhatA huuN|" __ maiM isa dayAmaya hRdaya ko samajhatA aura mana hI mana use praNAma karatA thaa| kAma karate huye kaI bAra jaba koI unase TakarA jAtA aura pazcimI paddhati ke anusAra jarA vivekapUrvaka bola uThatA : Very Serry-'bar3A aphasosa hai, to kailanabaika turanta bola uThate : Please don't speak a lie; you do not seem to be sorry-'meharabAnI karake jhUTha na boliye ; Apako aphasosa ho rahA hai, aisA dIkhatA nahIM hai|' isa prakAra unheM bAharIUparI ziSTAcAra bhI pasaMda nahIM thaa| phiniksa Azrama kI solaha janoM kI maMDalI kI vyavasthA karane ke liye unhoMne vaoNlkasTa meM do-tIna dina pahale hI DerA DAlA thaa| unhoMne kisI gore sajjana ke makAna kA eka kamarA thor3e dina ke liye kirAye para le liyA thaa| bAda meM jaba gore logoM ko mAlUma huA ki zrI kailanabaika hindustAnI satyAgrahiyoM kI madada karane vAle haiM aura isIliye yahAM Aye haiM, to unhoMne kamarA khAlI karane ko kahA / zrI kailanabaika khuzI se apanA bistara lekara

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50 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja vahAM cale Aye jahAM hindustAnI mohalle meM hamane apanA par3Ava DAlA thaa| maiMne unase pUchA : "misTara kailanabaika, Apako yahAM rahanA aTapaTA to nahIM lagegA?" unhoMne haMsate-haMsate jabAba diyA :--'mere jIvana meM eka samaya aisA thA jaba maiM raMga kI ghRNA se bharA huA thaa| lekina Aja to koI gandA hindustAnI baccA rotA ho to use prema se uThAkara usake nAka kA rITa sApha karake use khelAte-khelAte chAtI se lagA lene kA mana ho jAtA hai|" aise sarala-hRdaya zrI kailanabaika ke jIvana kA lAbha hama bhArata meM na uThA ske| unake hRdaya meM umaMga to bahuta thI ki 'bhAI, gAMdhIjI ke sAtha hindustAna jAUMgA aura usa prAcIna puNya bhUmi meM rahakara nayI-nayI sAdhanA kruuNgaa|' parantu bhagavAn kI aisI icchA nahIM thii| ve gAMdhIjI ke sAtha hindustAna Ane ke lie ravAnA hue the; donoM iMgalaiMDa hokara yahAM Ane vAle the| parantu unake iMgalaiMDa pahuMcate hI briTena yUropa kI lar3AI meM kUda pdd'aa| zrI kailanabaika ko jarmana hone ke kAraNa eka nizcita samaya ke liye vahIM rahanA pdd'aa| sarakAra ne unheM gAMdhIjI ke sAtha hindustAna Ane kI ijAjata nahIM dii|

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ahiMsA ke vibhinna rUpa jainadharma meM jitanA mUlya ahiMsA kA hai utanA hI satya kA hai| vAstava meM ahiMsA aura satya-ye do haiM hI nhiiN| jahAM ahiMsA nahIM hai vahAM satya nahIM hotaa| mUla meM mahAvrata eka hai aura vaha hai-ahiMsA / satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha-ye saba usI ke sApekSa rUpa haiN| ahiMsA vANI ke kSetra meM satya kA rUpa le letI hai| para-vastu ke kSetra meM vaha acaurya kA rUpa le letI hai| indriya-viSayoM ke kSetra meM vaha brahmacarya kA rUpa le letI hai / artha ke kSetra meM vaha aparigraha kA rUpa le letI hai| isa prakAra vibhinna samparkoM meM eka hI ahiMsA aneka rUpoM meM prakaTa ho jAtI hai| sAdhAraNa loga ahiMsA ke vibhinna paryAyoM ko saralatA se samajha sakeM, isalie usake satya, acaurya Adi vibhinna nAma rakhe ge| tattva kI gaharAI meM jAeM to aparigraha ahiMsA se vibhinna nahIM hai aura ahiMsA aparigraha se bhinna nahIM hai / brahmacarya, acaurya aura satya ke lie bhI yahI bAta hai| hiMsA kyA hai ? asatpravRti mAtra hiMsA hai| prANavadha usakA eka aMga hai| asatya bolanA, corI karanA Adi saba asatpravRttiyAM haiM isalie ye saba hiMsA ke prakAra haiN| phira bhI na jAne aisA kyoM huA ki dhArmika logoM ke mana meM jIva-vadha ke prati jitanI glAni hai utanI asatya, aprAmANikatA, vAsanA aura saMgraha ke prati nahIM hai| isase yaha pratIta hotA hai ki ahiMsA kA hRdaya pakar3A nahIM gyaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne sthAna-sthAna para kahA hai ki jo vyakti hiMsA nahIM karatA to donoM kA parityAga nahIM karatA, vaha samyag-darzana ko nahIM jAnate / isa sUtra meM hiMsA aura parigraha-donoM para samAna bala diyA hai| phira bhI hamAre dhArmikoM kA dhyAna jitanA hiMsA ko chor3ane kI ora jAtA hai utanA parigraha ko chor3ane kI ora nahIM jaataa| isalie asatya aura aprAmANikatA kI vRtti kama nahIM hone paatii| hameM isa prazna ko gaharAI se samajha lenA hai ki satya Adi mahAvatoM kI samyag ArAdhanA karake hI hama ahiMsA kI samyag ArAdhanA kara sakate haiM, anyathA nhiiN| isalie usakA bodha honA nitAnta apekSita hai| jaina tIrthaMkaroM ne ahiMsA kA jo virATa rUpa hamAre sAmane prastuta kiyA thA vaha hamArI dhAraNA meM spaSTa nahIM hai| isalie hama ahiMsA ke bAre meM kucha vicitra-sI kalpanA kara lete haiN| yadi usakA virATa rUpa hamArI kalpanA meM

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ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja A jAye to vahuta sArI bhrAMtiyAM aura kaThinAiyAM apane-Apa samApta ho jaaeN| ahiMsA kA prArambha citta kI zuddhi se hotA hai / vaha jIvana kA saMyama hai| usakI pRSThabhUmi hai-citta kI nirmalatA / jisakA citta kaSAya (krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha) se kaluSita hotA hai, usake jIvana meM ahiMsA kA vikAsa nahIM ho pAtA / jisakA apane mana para niyaMtraNa nahIM hotA aura jo apanI indriyoM ko vaza meM nahIM kara pAtA, usake jIvana meM ahiMsA kaise A sakatI hai ? yadi aisA vyakti apane-Apako ahiMsaka mAnatA hai to vaha ahiMsA ke sAtha makhaula hI hai| ghRNA, IrSyA, dveSa, vaimanasya, vAsanA aura durAgraha-ye saba jIvana meM palate raheM aura ahiMsA bhI sadhatI rahe, zAyada aisA mAna liyA gayA hai kintu aisA sambhava nahIM hai| kucha loga jIva na mArane taka hI ahiMsA ko sImita kara dete haiN| jIvoM ko na mAranA nizcita hI ahiMsA hai kintu ahiMsA utanI hI nahIM hai| vaha usase bhI bahuta Age hai| jo loga ahiMsA ko sImita artha meM dekhate haiM, unheM kisI cIMTI ke mara jAne para pachatAvA hotA hai kintu dUsaroM para jhUThA mAmalA calAne meM pachatAvA nahIM hotA hai / bahuta bar3e aprAmANika sAdhanoM se paisA kamAne meM unheM hiMsA kA anubhava nahIM hotaa| apane kSudra svArtha kI pUrti ke lie dUsaroM kA bar3e-se-bar3e ahita karane meM unheM hiMsA kA anubhava nahIM hotaa| yaha kaisI ahiMsA hai ? aisA lagatA hai ki ahiMsA kI paribhASA apane svArtha ke sandarbha meM kara lI gayI hai| jahAM svArtha kA prazna hai vahAM manuSya ko hiMsA karane meM saMkoca nahIM hotA aura jahAM apane svArtha meM koI bAdhA nahIM pahuMcatI vahAM ahiMsA kA abhinaya kiyA jAtA hai| yaha ahiMsA ke prati nyAya nahIM hai|

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khAdI aura ahiMsA gRhastha ahiMsA aura aparigraha ko sampUrNatayA svIkAra nahIM kara sakatA isalie apane jIvana-nirvAha ke lie una sAdhanoM ko apanAnA cAhatA hai, jinameM hiMsA aura parigraha kI alpatA ho / kisI bhI prakAra ke udyoga kA sarvathA abhAva ho, yaha kaThina hai, kintu usakA tAratamya avazya hotA hai| khAdI-udyoga meM maiM alpAraMbha, alpa-hiMsA aura alpa-parigraha dekhatA huuN| jaina AgamoM meM ahiMsA kA sUkSma vizleSaNa dete hue bar3e kala-kArakhAnoM ko mahAArambha aura mahA-parigraha kA sthAna batAyA gayA hai / maiM isa nirNaya meM sabase bar3A yahI lAbha dekhatA hUM ki yaha alpa-hiMsAjanya vastra hai| khAdI vastroM ke prati hone vAle sammAna kA Aja avazya avamUlyana huA hai kintu khAdI ke mUla meM Thahare hue mUlyoM kA mahattva Aja bhI kama huA ho, aisA maiM nahIM maantaa| mahAtmA gAMdhI ne jina kAraNoM se carakhA AMdolana kA sUtrapAta kiyA, unameM ahiMsA ke sAtha-sAtha aura bhI aneka kAraNa the| videzI vastroM kA bahiSkAra, rASTra kI giratI huI Arthika sthiti, svAvalambana, garIbI, bekArI, berojagArI, gAMvoM kA vikAsa Adi aneka rASTrIya samasyAoM kA samAdhAna unhoMne isa carakhe meM dekhA aura isalie unhoMne isa para vizeSa jora diyaa| isameM se adhikatara samasyAeM Aja bhI deza ke sAmane muMha bAe khar3I haiN| kintu carakhe kA avamUlyana ho jAne aura bar3e-bar3e kala kArakhAnoM ko adhika protsAhana milane se deza kI sthiti dina-pratidina ulajhatI hI jA rahI hai| vinobAjI kahA karate the ki carakhA gAMdhI kI sabase bar3I sUjha hai| isakA Azaya yahI hai ki gAMdhIjI kI sarva-hita aura sarvodaya kI kalpanA isa carakhe se hI sAkAra kI jA sakatI hai| unhoMne apane sapanoM kA jo bhArata apanAyA thA, usake AdhAra meM carakhA hI thA / carakhA yAnI bekArI aura berojagArI ko dUra karane kA sAdhana ; carakhA yAnI svadezI vastroM kA utpAdana, jinase videzI vastroM ke AyAta para svayaM asara jAe; carakhA yAnI janatA kI garIbI ko dUra karane kA saralatama upAya, jisase rASTra Arthika dRSTi se svayaM samRddha ho; aura carakhA yAnI grAmoM kI AtmanirbharatA, grAma khuzahAlI aura grAmoM kA vikAsa / lekina gAMdhIjI ke bAda isa AvAja meM DhIlApana A gayA / pariNAma spaSTa hai ki deza meM garIbI, bekArI aura berojagArI jyoM kI tyoM kAyama hai, Athika dRSTi se bhI vaha aba taka Atma-nirbhara nahIM banA hai|

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54 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja Aja gAMva ke loga zaharoM kI ora daur3e A rahe haiN| zahara kI AbAdI bahuta adhika tejI se bar3ha rahI hai aura gAMva khAlI hote jA rahe haiN| gAMdhIjI pahalA mahattva manuSya ke zrama ko dete the| ve artha aura sattA kA kendrIkaraNa honA ThIka nahIM samajhate the / kendrIkaraNa kA artha hai zaharoM kA vikAsa / eka bar3I mila kI sthApanA kA matalaba hotA hai hajAroM majadUroM kA gAMvoM ko chor3akara zahara meM AnA / usa eka mila ke utpAdana kA matalaba hai lAkhoM hAthoM kA bekAra ho jaanaa| amarIkA jaise dhanADhya deza meM bhI Aja bekArI kI samasyA hai / isakA ekamAtra kAraNa artha kA kendrIkaraNa hI hai| bhArata sarakAra ne svataMtratA-prApti ke bAda bar3e kala-kArakhAnoM ko adhika prazraya diyaa| pariNAmasvarUpa laghu-udyoga svayaM piTa gae / Aja sthiti yaha hai ki jahAM pAkistAna carakhA-udyoga se eka bahuta bar3A lAbha kamA rahA hai, vahAM bhArata ghATA uThA rahA hai| ___ khAdI kA avamUlyana isadRSTi se avazya svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai ki kucha logoM ne isase anucita lAbha uThAne kI koziza kI hai, kintu ahiMsA, sAdagI aura zrama kA vaha Aja bhI sakriya pratIka hai aura deza kI aneka samasyAoM kA samAdhAna bhI isameM dIkhatA hai| kendrIkaraNa kA artha hai zakti kA eka jagaha meM simaTa AnA / jahAM sabameM kAma karane vAlI zakti aura sabake kAma Ane vAlI zakti eka sthAna para simaTa AtI hai, vahAM eka ke sivA sabakA zakti-zUnya honA svAbhAvika hai| vaha zUnyatA phira eka nayI zakti ko janma detI hai jisameM vartamAna vyavasthA se jUjhane kA sAmarthya hotA hai / hama audyogika krAMti ko hI leN| isa krAMti ke bAda vizva meM bar3eudyogoM kA vistAra huA hai, kintu hiMsA, tanAva aura yAMtrikatA bhI kyA isI krAMti kI dena nahIM haiM ? bar3e-bar3e kala-kArakhAne sthApita hue aura vahAM lAkhoMlAkhoM majadUra kAma karane lge| phira unakI yUniyaneM banIM aura eka nayI zakti kA udaya huaa| usake bAda thor3e se ApasI asaMtoSa ke sAtha hI har3atAla, gherAva, satyAgraha, lUTamAra, tor3a-phor3a Adi hiMsAtmaka pravRttiyoM kA janma ho gyaa| phira unako dabAne ke lie sattA ne ati niyaMtraNa kA sahArA liyA / Aja sthiti yaha hai ki udyogapati aura majadUra-ye do aise varga bana gae haiM jinake bIca nirantara saMgharSa anivArya hai| isa prakAra kendrIkaraNa, sAmUhika hisA aura ati-niyaMtraNa-ye kramazaH eka-dUsare ke anivArya pariNAma ho gae haiN| vikendrIkaraNa se hiMsA aura saMgharSa ke avasara nahIM ke barAbara hote haiM / vahAM eka kA nukasAna dUsare para asara nahIM DAla sktaa| eka mila ke baMda hone kA matalaba hai hajAroM vyaktiyoM kA bekAra honaa| hajAroM ke bekAra

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khAdI aura ahiMsA 55 hone kA matalaba hai eka bahuta bar3e samUha meM asaMtoSa, roSa aura Akroza kA janma honA, jisakA pariNAma ekamAtra hiMsA hI ho sakatA hai / vikendrita vyavasthA meM vikAsa kA sabako samAna avasara milatA hai / saba-ke-saba samAna stara para vikAsa kara sakeM, yaha vahAM bhI saMbhava nahIM hotA / kintu samAna avasara kI sulabhatA se kisI ke dila meM asaMtoSa yA roSa jaisI sthiti ko utpanna hone kA maukA nahIM milatA / hiMsA, ati-niyaMtraNa, tanAva Adi ko jisa vyavasthA meM avakAza nahIM milatA aura samatA tathA samAnatA ko jisa vyavasthA meM panapane kA avakAza milatA hai, yaha apane ApameM eka bar3I AdhyAtmika upalabdhi hai /

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ahiMsA kA prazikSaNa ahiMsA kA prANatattva kyA hai ? isa prazna kA uttara yadi mujhe denA ho to uttara hogA - hRdaya parivartana / hRdaya parivartana ke binA ahiMsA kI kalpanA bhI nahIM kI jA sakatI / hRdaya parivartana kA paryAyavAcI zabda ho sakatA hai bhAvAtmaka parivartana / hRdaya hamAre zarIra kA vaha kSetra hai jahAM bhAva janma lete haiM aura ve zarIra, vANI aura mana ko prabhAvita karate haiM / Ayurveda ke anusAra hRdaya do haiM / eka phuphphusa ke nIce aura dUsarA mastiSka meM / prekSA dhyAna kI paddhati ke anusAra mastiSkIya hRdaya kI pahacAna avacetaka (hAipothelemasa) se kI gaI hai / vaha bhAvadhArA kA udgama srota hai| vahAM bhAva janma lete haiM aura abhivyakta hote haiM / zarIra-vijJAna ke anusAra antaHsrAvI granthiyAM manuSya ke vyavahAroM aura AcaraNoM ko prabhAvita karatI haiM / una graMthiyoM meM mukhya granthi hai pIyUSa ganthi / usakA niyAmaka hai avacetaka (hAIpothelemasa) / hiMsA kI upaja ke sandarbha aneka haiM--jAtIya aura raMga bheda kI samasyA asaMtulita samAja vyavasthA asaMtulita rAjanaitika vyavasthA zastrIkaraNa kI samasyA sAMpradAyika samasyA mAnavIya saMbaMdhoM meM asaMtulana Arthika spardhA aura abhAva mAnasika tanAva vaicArika matabheda bhAvAtmaka asaMtulana vyaktigata rAsAyanika asaMtulana inameM prathama sAta saMdarbha vastu jagat ( AbjekTa) se saMbaMdha rakhate haiM / antima cAra saMdarbha antarjagat (sabjekTa) se saMbaMdha rakhate haiM / ahiMsA prazikSaNa kI praNAlI para vicAra karate samaya ina donoM saMdarbhoM para dhyAna denA Avazyaka hai / kisI eka hI tattva se hiMsA kI samasta samasyAoM kA samAdhAna ho jAye isameM hamArA vizvAsa nahIM hai, saba rogoM kI eka davA vAlI kahAvata hamArI dRSTi meM bahuta sArthaka nahIM hai / vastu jagat se sambandha rakhane vAlI

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57 ahiMsA kA prazikSaNa hiMsA ko kama karane aura ahiMsA ko pratiSThita karane ke lie AcAryazrI tulasI ne aNuvrata Andolana kA pravartana kiyaa| usake AdhAra para prazikSaNa ke sUtra bhI khoje gaye haiN| hiMsA kA saMdarbha hisA prazikSaNa kA sUtra 1. asaMtulita samAja vyavasthA ahiMsaka jIvana-zailI kA prazikSaNa 2. asaMtulita rAjanaitika vyavasthA lokataMtrIya jIvana-zailI kA prazikSaNa 3. zastrIkaraNa kI samasyA mAnavIya astitva kI surakSA kA prazikSaNa 4. jAtIya aura raMgabheda kI samasyA mAnavIya ekatA kA prazikSaNa 5. sAMpradAyika samasyA dharma yA satya kI maulika ekatA kA prazikSaNa 6. mAnavIya saMbaMdhoM kA asaMtulana samatA aura Atma-tulA ke siddhAMta kA prazikSaNa 7. Arthika spardhA aura abhAva vyaktigata svAmitva kI sImA tathA upabhoga kI sImA kA prazikSaNa / antarjagat se sambandha rakhane vAlI hiMsA ko kama karane ke lie anekAMta kA prazikSaNa aura prekSA dhyAna ke prayoga upayogI haiM:mAnasika tanAva kAyotsarga aura zvAsa prekSA kA prazikSaNa vaicArika matabheda anekAMta kA prazikSaNa bhAvAtmaka asaMtulana caitanya kendra prekSA aura lezyA dhyAna kA prazikSaNa vyaktigata rAsAyanika asaMtulana prekSA dhyAna ke pAMca caraNoM kA prazikSaNa vyakti aura samAja vartamAna citana kI abhimukhatA samAja se adhika hai| vyakti gauNa haisamAja pramukha hai| samAja meM parivartana, samAja kA sudhAra, samAja kA vikAsa cintana ke ye bindu haiM / vyavasthA aura kAnUna ko sAmAjika banAyA jA sakata hai| unakA sambandha vastu aura daNDa-zakti se hai isalie unheM saba para samA rUpa se lAgU kiyA jA sakatA hai / ahiMsA kA sambandha antarjagat aura hRda parivartana se hai isalie unheM saba para samAna rUpa se lAgU nahIM kiyA ja sakatA / ahiMsA daNDazakti kA sthAna nahIM le sktii| usake dvArA samAja va zAsita nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| ukta vicAra ahiMsA kI durbalatA aura hira

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58 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja ke samarthana ke lie paryApta zaktizAlI hai / isake AdhAra para yaha niSkarSa nikAlA jAtA hai ki samAja ko ahiMsA kI apekSA acchI vyavasthA kI jarUrata hai| isa niSkarSa meM jo saccAI hai use maiM ulaTane kA prayatna nahIM kara rahA hUM kintu saccAI kA dUsarA pahalU, jisakI hamezA upekSA kI jAtI hai, use prastuta karanA cAhatA huuN| vyavasthA ke bAre meM jitanA dhyAna diyA gayA, utanA dhyAna vyavasthA ke saMcAlana karane vAle ke bAre meM nahIM diyA gayA / vyavasthA samAja ke lie hotI hai| use saMcAlita karane vAlA vyakti hotA hai / vyavasthA bahuta acchI hai kintu yadi use saMcAlita karane vAlA vyakti acchA nahIM hai to kyA acchI vyavasthA acchA pariNAma lAegI? vyavasthA ko saMcAlita karane vAlA vyakti acchA hai aura vyavasthA acchI nahIM hai to bhI samasyA sulajha nahIM paaegii| anekAnta yA samagratA kA dRSTikoNa yaha hai-acchI vyavasthA aura use saMcAlita karane vAlA acchA vyakti, donoM kA yoga / ahiMsA ke prazikSaNa kA mukhya uddezya hai-acche vyakti kA nirmANa athavA ahiMsAniSTha vyakti kA nirmANa / vyakti ko ahiMsA se prazikSita kiyA jA sakatA hai, samAja aura rASTra ko nhiiN| isa avadhAraNA ko sApekSa dRSTi se hI svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| vyakti aura samAja ko vibhakta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / vyakti samAja se prabhAvita hotA hai aura samAja vyakti se prabhAvita hotA hai| donoM meM anyonyAzraya sambandha hai| vyakti kA antarjagat usakI vaiyaktikatA hai| usakA vistAra hai samAja / sAmAjika parivartana yA krAMti cAhe rAjanaitika ho yA AdhyAtmika, hama vyakti ko gauNa nahIM kara sakate / prekSA dhyAna ko bhale hI hama sAmAjika ahiMsA ke sAtha sIdhA na jor3eM kintu parokSataH sAmAjika ahiMsA ke sAtha usakA sambandha svAbhAvika hai| vyaktitva kA rUpAMtaraNa sarala kArya nahIM hai| hara vyakti meM vidhAyaka aura niSedhAtmaka-donoM bhAvoM ke srota vidyamAna rahate haiN| niSedhAtmaka bhAva hiMsA ko janma dete haiM aura vidhAyaka bhAva ahiMsA ko / sAmAjika vAtAvaraNa niSedhAtmaka bhAvoM ko adhika ubhAratA hai isalie jAne-anajAne meM hiMsA kI samasyA jaTila hotI rahatI hai / Aja usakI jaTilatA zikhara para hai / prekSAtryAna niSedhaka bhAvoM se aprabhAvita rahane kA prayoga hai| yadi hama vidhAyaka bhAva ke srotoM ke sAtha apanA samparka sthApita kara sakeM to niSedhaka bhAvoM se aprabhAvita rahanA hamAre lie sarala hai| catanya-kendra prekSA kA Azaya haikaSAya kSetra para apanA niyaMtraNa sthApita karanA / vyaktitva yA cetanA ke rUpAMtaraNa kA yaha maulika sUtra hai|

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ahiMsA kA prazikSaNa ahiMsA kA prazikSaNa : anuprekSA ke prayoga ___vyaktitva ke rUpAMtaraNa ke lie anuprekSA ke prayoga bahuta saphala rahe haiN| isa prayoga meM mastiSka aura pUre zarIra ko zithila kara sujhAva diye jAte haiM, sAtha-sAtha raMgoM kA dhyAna bhI kiyA jAtA hai / dhvani aura raMga-ye donoM antazcetanA yA avacetana mana ko prabhAvita karate haiM, purAne saMskAroM aura ajita AdatoM kA kSaya ho jAtA hai, nae saMskAroM aura naI AdatoM ke nirmANa kI bhUmi prazasta ho jAtI hai / nau caraNoM meM sampanna hone vAlA yaha prayoga saMkalpa-zakti, Atma-vizvAsa aura Atma-nirIkSaNa kI kSamatA ko jAgRta karatA hai / ahiMsA ke vikAsa ke lie pAMca anuprekSAoM kA abhyAsa anivArya abhaya kI anuprekSA sahiSNutA kI anuprekSA karuNA kI anuprekSA maitrI kI anuprekSA svAvalambana kI anuprekSA / zikSA aura ahiMsA ahiMsA ke prazikSaNa ko vyApaka banAne ke lie use zikSA ke sAtha jor3anA Avazyaka hai / sAmAjika svAsthya, vaiyaktika svAsthya aura mAnasika zAMti ke lie ahiMsA kA prazikSaNa sarvAdhika Avazyaka hai / zikSA meM usakI itanI upekSA kyoM kI gaI, isakA uttara mujhe nahIM mila rahA hai / antarrASTrIya tanAva aura zastrIkaraNa ne mAnava-samAja ko isa saccAI kI ora dRSTipAta karane ke lie vivaza kiyA hai| isa vivazatA meM jo svavazatA nikalI hai, vaha sunahale bhaviSya ke lie sunahalA vartamAna hai| 16 navambara, 1960 meM jo ahiMsA kA abhilekha likhA gayA, vaha isa yuga ke itihAsa kI mahattvapUrNa ghaTanA hai / nATo tathA vArasA saMdhi dezoM ke cautIsa rASTrAdhyakSoM ne yugAntarakArI niHzastrIkaraNa saMdhi para hastAkSara kara zItayuddha ko antima vidAI de dI / zItayuddha kA vAtAvaraNa naI sAjhedArI aura ApasI maitrI meM badala gayA / isase pUrva madhyama dUrI ke laghu prakSepAstroM ke parisImana kI saMdhi kara soviyata rASTrapati gorbAcyova aura amerikI rASTrapati ne nayA adhyAya kholA thaa| niSkarSa sApha hai ki zItayuddha, bhaya, tanAva aura zastrIkaraNa ke vAtAvaraNa meM vizva kI vyavasthA samyak prakAra se cala nahIM sktii| Akhira hiMsA se ahiMsA kI ora prasthAna karanA hI hotA hai / yadi ahiMsA kI zikSA skUlI zikSA ke sAtha ho to nae netRtva kI saphalatA ke lie nae kSitija hamAre sAmane upasthita ho sakate haiN| vidyArthI ko prekSA dhyAna ke prayoga jIvana vijJAna ke nAma se karavAe jAte haiM / usase naitika zikSA aura ahiMsA kI

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ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja zikSA-donoM kI saMpUrti ho jAtI hai / ahiMsA ke vyAvahArika prayoga aura ahiMsA kA prazikSaNa vizva ke aneka aMcaloM meM ahiMsaka samAja kI racanA kI dRSTi se aneka vyAvahArika prayoga calAe jA rahe haiN| unakI sArthakatA para koI praznacihna nahIM lagA sakatA / ye prayoga samAja ko vyAvahArika prazikSaNa dete haiM / yaha svIkAra karane meM bhI mujhe koI kaThinAI nahIM hai| phira bhI eka bAta zeSa raha jAtI hai aura vaha hai ahiMsA kI sAmAnya prazikSaNa paddhati kI / hRdaya parivartana hue binA ahiMsA ke kSetra meM kie jAne vAle prayoga kitane ciraMjIvI aura kitane saphala hote haiM, yaha apane Apa meM eka samasyA hai| isa samasyA kA ahiMsA ke kSetra meM kAma karane vAloM ne anubhava kiyA hogaa| prekSA dhyAna ahiMsA kA vastuniSTha prayoga nahIM hai| vaha kevala AMtarika cetanA kA rUpAMtaraNa yA hRdaya-parivartana kA prayoga hai| hamArA abhimata hai-hRdaya-parivartana ke binA sAmAjika viSamatA ko dUra karane aura Arthika asamAnatA ko miTAne kI jo bAta kahI jAtI hai, vaha kriyAnvita nahIM hotii| burAI ko rokane kA zaktizAlI mAdhyama hai, daNDazakti kA prayoga / burAI kI cetanA ko badalane kA zaktizAlI prayoga hai, hRdaya-parivartana / ahiMsA meM AsthA rakhane vAlA daNDazakti para bharosA nahIM karatA / usakA vizvAsa hRdaya-parivartana para hotA hai / isa apekSA se kahA jA sakatA hai-prekSA dhyAna sAmAjika viSamatA aura Arthika asamAnatA ke unmUlana kA prayoga hai| AcAryazrI tulasI dvArA aNuvrata AMdolana kA pravartana kiyA gyaa| usake prANa tattva ye haiM anAvazyaka hiMsA na ho, niraparAdha kI hiMsA na ho, jAtIya ghRNA samApta ho, jAti-bheda aura raMga-bheda ke AdhAra para hInatA aura uccatA kI bhAvanA samApta ho| sAMpradAyikatA ke AdhAra para saMgharSa na ho| mAdaka vastuoM ke sevana kI pravRtti miTe / yaha vartamAna kI jvalaMta samasyAoM ke samAdhAna kI dizA meM hone vAlA mahAna saMkalpa hai| inake lie AMtarika cetanA ke rUpAntaraNa yA hRdayaparivartana kA prAyogika upakrama hai-prekSAdhyAna /

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zAMti aura ahiMsA-upakrama aMdhakAra thA, hai aura rhegaa| ise dUra karane ke lie manuSya ne dIyA jalAyA, Aja bhI jalAtA hai aura bhaviSya meM jalAtA rhegaa| aMdhakAra kI sattA kAlika hai to prakAza kA astitva bhI kAlika hai / aisA kabhI nahIM hotA, jaba aMdhakAra ho aura prakAza kA koI upAya na ho| aMdhakAra jitanA saghana hotA hai, prakAza kI apekSA utanI hI adhika hotI hai| aMdhakAra rahegA hIyaha socaka ra manuSya kabhI dIyA jalAnA baMda nahIM krtaa| aMdhakAra ke viruddha usakA saMgharSa taba taka calatA rahegA jaba taka use prakAza kI AvazyakatA rhegii| hiMsA thI, hai aura rhegii| ahiMsA ke lie prayatna huA hai, ho rahA hai aura hotA rhegaa| hiMsA aura ahiMsA-donoM kI sattA kAlika hai| hiMsA jitanI prabala hogI ahiMsA ke lie utanA hI tIvra prayatna karanA hogaa| saMsAra se hiMsA kabhI samApta nahIM hogI, yaha socakara manuSya kI ahiMsaka cetanA ne kabhI ucchvAsa lenA baMda nahIM kiyA / hiMsA ke mukAbale meM ahiMsA kI zakti kama nahIM hai / apekSA hai usa zakti ko jagAne kii| zakti kA jAgaraNa tabhI saMbhava hai, jaba usakA bodha ho, zodha ho, prazikSaNa ho aura prayoga ho / saMbhava hai ahiMsA kA prazikSaNa hiMsA manuSya ke saMskAroM meM rahatI hai / nimittoM kA yoga pAkara vaha prakaTa hotI hai / AcArAMga sUtra meM hiMsA ke tIna kAraNa batAe gae haiM-pratizodha, surakSA aura AzaMkA / kAraNa kucha bhI rahe hoM, hiMsA kA prazikSaNa niyamita rUpa se calatA hai| usameM uttarottara dakSatA bar3ha rahI hai| usake lie nae-nae sAdhana vikasita ho rahe haiN| Age-se-Age naI takanIka khojI jA rahI hai| aneka prasaMgoM meM isakA khulA prayoga bhI ho rahA hai| lagatA hai mahAvIra kI isa vANI ko samarthana mila rahA hai ki "atthi satthaM pareNa paraM"-zastra Age se Age tIkSNa hotA hai, usakI paramparA calatI hai| ___ ahiMsA ke prayoga kI bAta to dUra, usake prazikSaNa kI bhI koI vyavasthA nahIM hai / ahisA kA upadeza bahuta diyA jAtA hai| usake guNagAna bahuta kie jAte haiN| para usake prazikSaNa kI bAta kauna socate haiM / aisI sthiti meM yaha AzA kaise kI jA sakatI hai ki ahiMsA AegI aura vaha jIvana zailI se jur3egI ? adhika logoM ko to yaha vizvAsa hI nahIM hai ki ahiMsA kucha kara

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ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja sakatI hai yA usakA prazikSaNa diyA jA sakatA hai| hamArI mAnyatA yaha hai ki ahiMsA meM asIma zakti hai aura usakA prazikSaNa diyA jA sakatA hai / ahiMsA kA saiddhAntika svarUpa __ ahiMsA-prazikSaNa ke svarUpa kA nirdhAraNa kiyA jAe to usake do rUpa ho sakate haiM-saiddhAntika aura prAyogika / saiddhAntika prazikSaNa meM dArzanika satyoM kA avabodha karAyA jAtA hai / ahiMsA ke dArzanika pahalU aneka haiN| una sabakI carcA meM prazikSaNa kI bAta bikhara sakatI hai| isa dRSTi se yahAM kucha aise binduoM ko ullikhita kiyA jA rahA hai, jinako samajhe binA ahiMsA ke prazikSaNa kA koI AdhAra bhI nahIM bntaa| dArzanika pRSThabhUmi para ahiMsA kI mUlyavattA pramANita karane vAle pAMca bindu haiM 0 AtmA kA astitva 0 AtmA kI svataMtratA 0 AtmA kI samAnatA 0 jIvana kI sApekSatA 0 saha astitva AtmA hai / pratyeka AtmA kA sukha-duHkha apanA-apanA hai / isa dRSTi se AtmA svataMtra hai| gaNita kI bhASA meM AtmA ananta haiN| unakI karmakRta avasthAeM bhinna-bhinna haiN| para svarUpa kI apekSA se saba AtmAeM samAna haiN| samAnatA kA yaha siddhAnta manuSya taka hI sImita nahIM hai| saMsAra meM jitane prANI haiM, una sabakI AtmA samAna hai| koI bhI vyakti nirapekSa rahakara apane astitva ko nahIM bacA sktaa| isI kAraNa jIvana ko sApekSa mAnA gayA hai / sApekSatA kA siddhAnta prakRti ke pratyeka kaNa para lAgU hotA hai| kahIM para vRkSa kA eka pattA bhI TUTa kara giratA hai to usakA prabhAva pUrI sRSTi para par3atA hai| maiM rahUMgA yA vaha rahegA, ahiMsA kI paridhi meM isa cintana ko sthAna nahIM mila sakatA / maiM bhI rahUMgA, tuma bhI rhoge| yaha bhI rahegA, vaha bhI rahegA-isa prakAra saha astitva kI bhASA meM socanA ahiMsA kA darzana hai| antarjagata meM ahiMsA ke prayoga ahiMsA ke saiddhAntika pakSa ko samajhane ke bAda usake prAyogika svarUpa ko samajhanA Avazyaka hai / prAyogika ke do bindu haiM--antarjagat aura bAhya jagat / antarjagat meM prazikSaNa kA mahattvapUrNa tattva hai saMvega-saMtulana (Balance of Emotions) / manovijJAna kI bhASA meM mAnasika uthalaputhala yA udvelana kI avasthA kA nAma saMvega hai / bhaya, krodha, jugupsA, kAmukatA, sukha, dukha Adi saMvega pratikriyAtmaka bhAvoM ke rUpa meM apanA prabhAva dikhAte haiN| manuSya jaba taka vItarAga nahIM bana jAtA, saMvegoM ke prabhAva se mukta nahIM

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zAMti aura ahiMsA - upakrama 63 ho sakatA / para inakA saMtulana na hone se aneka prakAra kI samasyAeM paidA ho jAtI haiM | saMvegoM ko saMtulita karane kI prakriyA ko yahAM udAharaNa ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai krodha eka saMvega hai / ise niyaMtrita karane ke lie imozanala eriyAbhAva kSetra para dhyAna ke prayoga karavAe jAte haiM / caitanya - kendra prekSA aura lezyA - dhyAna ke prayoga isake lie kAryakArI pramANita hue haiM / pramAda eka saMvega hai / yaha jAgarUkatA ghaTAtA hai| isako niyaMtrita karane ke lie caitanya - kendra prekSA, lezyAdhyAna aura dIrgha zvAsa prekSA ke prayoga nirdhArita haiM / nazA mukti ke lie bhI ina prayogoM ko kAma meM liyA jAtA hai / hIna bhAvanA aura ahaM bhAvanA aise saMvega haiM, jo manuSya ke samagra vyaktitva ko prabhAvita karate haiM / inake prabhAva ko kSINa karane ke lie anukaMpI aura parAnukaMpI - Sympathetic & parasympathetic nAr3I taMtra para dhyAna ke vizeSa prayoga karavAe jAte haiM / bAhyajagat meM prazikSaNa ke tIna bindu bAhyajagat meM ahiMsA ke prAyogika prazikSaNa kI bhUmikA bahuta vistRta hai / mukhya rUpa meM usake tIna bindu ho sakate haiM: * mAnavIya saMbaMdhoM kA pariSkAra yA vikAsa / * prANI jagat ke sAtha saMbaMdhoM kA vistAra / * padArtha jagata ke sAtha saMbaMdhoM kI sImAeM / -- manuSya sAmAjika prANI hai / vaha samUha meM rahatA hai / vahAM vaha aneka prakAra ke saMbaMdha jor3atA hai| saMbaMdha jor3anA koI kaThina kAma nahIM hai / kaThina hai unakA samucita nirvAha / kaThinAI kA kAraNa hai manuSya kI svArthaparAyaNa manovRtti | svArtha kI AMkha se dekhane vAlA aura svArtha kI dharatI para calane vAlA paramArtha kI bAta kaise soca sakatA hai ahiMsA paramArtha kA darzana hai / ahiMsA meM vizvAsa karane vAlA vyakti saMbaMdhoM kI AMca para svArtha kI roTI nahIM roka sakatA | svArthavAda yA vyaktivAda ke kAraNa sambandhoM ke saMsAra meM jo jahara ghula rahA hai, usase bacane ke lie ahiMsA kA prazikSaNa atyanta Avazyaka hai / ? mAnavIya saMbaMdhoM kA pariSkAra manuSya ke dRSTikoNa ko do rUpoM meM dekhA jAtA hai - mAnavIya aura amAnavIya / eka manuSya kA dUsare manuSya ke prati kaisA saMbaMdha yA vyavahAra honA cAhie, nItisUtroM meM yaha bAta nirdhArita hotI hai / usake anusAra vyavahAra karane vAle vyakti kA dRSTikoNa mAnavIya kahalAtA hai / jo vyakti dUsare ke hitoM kI upekSA karatA ho, unheM kucala detA ho, kisI kA zoSaNa karatA ho

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ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja yA satAtA ho, yaha pAzavI yA dAnavI vRtti kahalAtI hai / isa vRtti ko badalane se hI mAnavIya saMbaMdhoM kA pariSkAra ho sakatA hai| __ mAnavIya saMbaMdhoM ko kaI IkAIyoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai| hama yahAM mukhya rUpa se tIna IkAiyoM kI carcA kara rahe haiM-pArivArika saMbaMdha, sAmAjika saMbaMdha aura vyAvasAyika saMbaMdha / pitA-putra, pati-patnI, bhAI-bhAI, sAsa-bahu, devarAnI-jeThAnI, mAM-beTI Adi pArivArika saMbaMdha haiN| inameM mAnavIya dRSTikoNa kA vikAsa ho to kisI ko mArane,pITane, satAne yA pratAr3ita karane kA prasaMga upasthita nahIM ho sktaa| sAmAjika saMbaMdhoM kA dAyarA bahuta vistRta hotA hai / par3osI se lekara dUra-darAja basane vAle samAja ke hara vyakti ke sAtha kisI na kisI rUpa meM saMbaMdha rahatA hai / saMbaMdhoM kI sthApanA meM svArtha kI preraNA na ho aura svArtha meM bAdhA pahuMcane para saMbaMdha tor3ane kI paristhiti bhI paidA na ho, yaha ahiMsA kI preraNA hai / jAti, raMga, liMga vargabheda Adi ko AdhAra banAkara manuSya-manuSya ke bIca jo dUriyAM bar3hatI jA rahI haiM ve kisI na kisI rUpa meM hiMsA ko bar3hAvA de rahI hai| ina saba bhedoM se Upara eka tattva hai, vaha hai manuSyatA / yaha bhI manuSya hai, maiM bhI manuSya huuN| maiM isase jisa prakAra ke vyavahAra kI apekSA rakhatA hUM, isako bhI mujhase vaisI hI apekSA hai / cintana ke isa dharAtala para hI mAnavIya saMbaMdhoM kA vikAsa saMbhava haiN| mAlika-karmacArI, vyApArI-munIma, svAmI-sevaka, bhAgIdAra-bhAgIdAra Adi saMbaMdha vyavasAya jagata se jur3e hue haiM / ina saMbaMdhoM meM mAnavIya dRSTikoNa na ho to mAlika zoSaNa karatA hai aura zramika zrama se jI curAtA hai| cAra DigrI bukhAra meM kAma karane kI bAdhyatA aura bahAnebAjI kI Adata isI pariveza meM palatI hai| isa kSetra meM sahAnubhUti aura saMvibhAga ke prazikSaNa se aneka prakAra kI samasyAoM se rAhata mila sakatI hai| prANI-jagat ke sAtha saMbaMdhoM kA pariSkAra manuSya apane Apako saMsAra kA sabase zreSTha prANI samajhatA hai / isI kAraNa anya prANiyoM ke prati usakA dRSTikoNa bahuta udAra nahIM hotA / vaha apane jIvana ke lie prANiyoM kI hiMsA karatA hai / hiMsA ke do rUpa haiMaparihArya aura parihArya / usake dvArA kI jA rahI aparihArya hiMsA bhI hiMsA hI hai / use aparihAryatA kI dRSTi se eka ora kiyA jA sakatA hai / kintu aparihArya yA anAvazyaka hiMsA prANI jagat ke prati usake amAnavIya dRSTikoNa kA pariNAma hai| prANI jagat ke sAtha manuSya ke saMbaMdha kaise hone cAhie-isa saMdarbha meM manuSya ko prazikSaNa diyA jAtA to parihArya yA anAvazyaka hiMsA nahIM hotI,

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zAMti aura ahiMsA-upakrama prANiyoM ke prati nirdaya vyavahAra nahIM hote aura mAnava samAja meM vilAsitA nahIM pnptii| krUra hiMsA-janita prasAdhana sAmagrI aura paridhAnoM kA upayoga ve hI loga kara sakate haiM jo saba prANiyoM ke sAtha tAdAtmya kA anubhava nahIM karate / kucha loga manoraMjana ke lie pazuoM ko Apasa meM lar3Ate haiN| thor3e se logoM kA kSaNika manovinoda prANI jagat ke prati krUratA kA khulA nidarzana hai / ahiMsA kA prazikSaNa manuSya ko isa prakAra kI krUratA se virata kara sakatA samasta prANI-jagat ke prati udAra yA mAnavIya dRSTikoNa rakhane vAlA vyakti prakRti kI bhI adhika cher3achAr3a nahIM kara sktaa| paryAvaraNa vijJAna prakRti ke kisI bhI hisse meM hastakSepa ko ucita nahIM maantaa| usakI yaha avadhAraNA bahuta prAcIna nahIM hai / bhagavAna mahAvIra ne DhAI hajAra varSa pahale ahiMsA aura saMyama ke jo sUtra die, unake anusAra prakRti ke eka kaNa ko bhI kSatigrasta nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| padArtha jagat ke sAtha saMbaMdhoM kI sImAeM ___manuSya kI eka maulika manovRtti hai-adhikAra kI bhAvanA / isI bhAvanA se prerita hokara vaha parigraha kA saMgraha karatA hai / parigraha kI cetanA manuSya ke astitva ko samApti kI ora agrasara karane vAlI hai / "erika phroma" ne eka pustaka likhI hai-'TU heva ora TU bii'| (To have or to be)--- adhikAra athavA astitva / manuSya ko ina donoM meM se eka kA cunAva karanA hai / use apane astitva ko bacAkara rakhanA hai to adhikAra kI bhAvanA kA tyAga karanA hogaa| ___manuSya ke sAmane yaha eka doharI samasyA hai / eka ora padArtha ke binA usakA kAma nahIM cala sktaa| dUsarI ora mamatva yA adhikAra kI bhAvanA usake astitva ke lie khatarA bana rahI hai / aisI sthiti meM prazikSaNa kA eka mahattvapUrNa bindu hai--padArtha ke prati amUrchA yA anAsakti kA vikAsa / padArtha ke prati dRSTikoNa meM badalAva Ate hI usake saMgraha aura upabhoga kI sImAeM apane Apa svIkRta ho jAtI haiN| antima zaraNa Adima zaraNa bane ahiMsA ke prazikSakoM aura prazikSuoM ko bhagavAn mahAvIra kA udghoSa "ahiMsA savvabhUyakhemaMkarI" yAda rakhanA hai| unhoMne kahA--ahiMsA saba prANiyoM ke lie kalyANakAriNI hai / yaha udghoSa usa samaya adhika sArthaka aura prAsaMgika lagatA hai, jaba yuddha kI vinAzalIlA se thake-hAre aura Daresahame loga ahiMsA kI zaraNa svIkAra karate haiM, yuddha virAma kI ghoSaNA karate haiN| yadi hiMsA yA yuddha meM zaraNa banane kI kSamatA hotI to yuddha virAma kI

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ahiMsA : byakti aura samAja bAta kyoM socI jaatii| aMtima zaraNa yuddha nahIM, yuddha-virAma hai| ye aMtima zaraNa Adima zaraNa baneM, isake lie Avazyaka hai yuddha ko virAma dene ke sthAna para yuddha ke prArambha ko hI virAma mile / kucha loga mAnate haiM ki ahiMsA AdamI ko kAyara banAtI hai, bhayabhIta banAtI hai| maiM unase pUchanA cAhatA hUM ki yadi ahiMsA kAyaratA hai to anta meM usakI zaraNa kyoM lI jAtI hai ? kyA kAyaratA kisI kI zaraNa bana sakatI hai| mahAvIra ne bhaya aura kAyaratA ko hiMsA mAnA hai / ahiMsA kAyaroM kA nahIM, vIroM kA hathiyAra hai| zaurya vatI aura vIryavatI ahiMsA hI samUce saMsAra ko trANa aura zaraNa de sakatI hai| kAza ! saMsAra usakI kSamatA ko pahacAne aura use Adima zaraNa ke rUpa meM svIkAra kre| prazikSaNa kI paddhati zikSA ke sAtha jur3a __ahiMsA ke prazikSaNa hetu Upara nirdiSTa kucha biMduoM ko hI cunA gayA hai, kyoMki hiMsA ke tIna mukhya kAraNa haiM 0 vaicArika abhiniveza, * padArtha ke prati Asakti, 0 mAnavIya saMbaMdhoM meM krUratA / manuSya ke dainaMdina jIvana meM ina binduoM se saMbaMdhita jo prasaMga upasthita hote haiM, unheM TAlane kA kAryakArI upAya eka hI hai ki manuSya ko prazikSita kara diyA jAe / bahuta bAra aisA bhI hotA hai ki vyakti ajJAnavaza hiMsA meM pravRtta ho jAtA hai / hiMsA ke pariNAmoM se paricita na hone ke kAraNa bhI aisA ho sakatA hai| isalie ahiMsA ke prazikSaNa kI prakriyA ko kAphI saghana banAnA apekSita hai| kucha vyaktiyoM athavA gAMvoM ko cunakara prayoga karanA hI paryApta nahIM hai| parIkSaNa ke taura para aisA kiyA jA sakatA hai, para prazikSaNa kAryakrama ko vyApaka banAne ke lie ise zikSA ke sAtha natthI karanA hogaa| jitane bhI vidyAlaya aura mahAvidyAlaya haiM, unameM ahiMsA ko anivArya sabjekTa ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA jAe aura thyoriTikala TreniMga ke sAtha prekTikala TreniMga para bhI dhyAna kendrita kiyA jAe to isa viSaya ko aura adhika vyApaka banAyA jA sakatA hai /

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sArvabhauma ahiMsA kendra ___ vartamAna yuga meM mAnava ke samakSa sabase bar3A kArya mAnava ko hiMsA ke prati usakI pratibaddhatAoM se mukta karanA hai, jo aneka rUpoM meM usake astitva mAtra ke lie khatarA utpanna kara rahI haiM / ye pratibaddhatAyeM bahuta thor3I haiM aura eka dUsare se jur3I huI haiN| hiMsA ke prati hAniprada Adatana pratibaddhatA prathama pratibaddhatA zArIrika surakSA prApta karane ke uddezya se dhamakI aura saMhAraka zakti ke prayoga ke prati hai| isake pariNAmasvarUpa vartamAna zatAbdI meM ghanI mArakATa, ANavika sarvanAza kI dhamakI aura mAnavIya evaM bhautika saMsAdhanoM ke 'bhArI apavyaya' kA bolabAlA hai| dvitIya pratibaddhatA Antarika athavA bAhya pratiyogitA meM cAhe vaha paMjIvAdI ho yA samAjavAdI, svAmitva aura utpAdana kI arthavyavasthAoM kI sthApanA evaM unheM banAye rakhane ke lie prANaghAtaka zakti ke prayoga karane kI hai / isake pariNAmasvarUpa hiMsA para AdhArita asamatAvAdI sArvabhauma arthavyavasthA kA janma huA hai, jisase pratidina itanI bhArI mAtrA meM mRtyu evaM utpIr3ana ho rahA hai ki tarepana nobala puraskAra vijetAoM ne ise 'bhUkha evaM alpa vikAsa ke vidhvaMsa' kI saMjJA dekara gahana duHkha prakaTa kiyA hai| tRtIya pratibaddhatA dhamakI, utpIr3ana aura atyAcAra ke prati hai, jinake sahAre cintana, sAmAjika nAte-riztoM aura kAryoM meM avAMchanIya pravRttiyoM ko dabAyA jAtA hai| aisA karanA mAnavAdhikAroM kA bhayAvaha ullaMghana aura hiMsaka pratizodha kA anavarata calatA kucakra hai / pahicAna, sammAna, sRjanAtmaka abhivyakti evaM bhautika nirvAha ke lie mAnavIya AvazyakatAoM ke prati hiMsaka damana evaM sahAnubhUti ke abhAva kI kImata anumAna se pare hai| cauthI pratibaddhatA jIva-maNDala para Adhipatya sthApita karane tathA hiMsA pradhAna vijJAna aura praudyogikI ke mAdhyama se, jo sAmarika kSamatAoM meM ananta-vRddhi kI ora abhimukha hai, isake (jIva-maNDala ke) samasta saMsAdhanoM kA zoSaNa karane ke prati hai / ye kSamatAyeM aba bhUmi, sAgara aura vAyu taka sImita na rahakara antarikSa pAra bhI pahuMca gaI haiM / mAnava-vinAza kI taiyArI kA sambandha pRthvI graha para upalabdha jIvanAdhAra kSamatAoM ke pratyakSa yA apratyakSa vinAza

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M ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja hiMsA ke prati sArvabhauma pratibaddhatA ke hAtha kI pAMcavIM agulI hai mAnava kA una dezoM ke madhya khaNDa-vibhAjana, jinakA janma vijaya, rAjaviplava, krAntiyoM, gRha-yuddhoM, yuddhoM aura upanivezI adhInIkaraNa Adi se huA hai| ye deza jo apanI svayaM kI prajA para balapUrvaka Adhipatya rakhate hai, samasyAoM ko hala karane kI sArvabhauma prakriyAoM ke sajana meM bAdhaka haiMve prakriyAyeM jo samasta vizva kI AvazyakatA haiN| hiMsA pradhAna deza kI sarakAra ke prati vacanabaddhatA, jo vastutaH rAjanItika saMgaThana kI mahattvapUrNa ikAI hai, vizva ko eka hiMsaka sattA, cAhe vaha ekAtmaka ho yA saMghIya, meM badalane kI dizA meM prathama caraNa hai| aisA nahIM hone taka yA isakI antarima sthiti meM, hiMsA ke prati pratibaddhatAoM kA pariNAma mAnava ko kaI prakAra ke aise sainya khaNDoM meM bAMTanA hai jinake ghAtaka astra-zastra-vyApAra ke kaiMsara se kevala zakti bar3hatI hI nahIM ghaTatI bhI hai| aisA vyApAra usa vizeSa mAnavakhaNDa kI nara-saMhAraka kSamatA ko nintara bar3hAtA calA jAtA hai| mAnava kA hiMsAtmaka-khaNDa vibhAjana rAjanItika, Arthika, sAmAjika aura sAMskRtika kalyANa kI asamAna paristhitiyAM utpanna karatA hai / hiMsA ke prati pratibaddhatA anya prakAra ke damanakArI rUpoM meM bhI pAI jAtI hai, jo nara-saMhAra rUpI aMguliyoM ke vibhinna paura haiM, jaise--pitRsattA, prajAtivAda, vargavAda aura jAtivAda / ahiMsaka rUpAntaraNa kI AvazyakatA hiMsA ke prati una pratibaddhatAoM kA ahiMsaka rUpAntaraNa karanA hogA jo vyakti se sArvabhauma stara taka pahuMca cukI haiM---damanAtmaka evaM krAntikArI --mAra do, DarAo, nirdhana banAo, damana karo, lUTa lo aura phUTa DAlo / hiMsA ko apanAne vAlA vyakti hI vizva-stara para prakaTa hone vAle hiMsA ke vividha rUpoM kA AdhAra hai, jo mAnava ke kalyANa evaM astitva ke lie khatarA utpanna kara rahA hai| ataH mAnava kI sabase bar3I AvazyakatA, jise ati zIghra yA zanaiH zanaiH, pUrNarUpeNa athavA viSamarUpa se, jAgRta karanA hai, vaha hai AtmavinAza ke srota, hiMsA ke prati pratibaddhatA ko samUla naSTa karanA / aba vaha samaya A gayA hai, jabaki mAnava ko apane astitva aura bhAvI kalyANa se sambaddha samasyAoM kA samAdhAna siddhAntoM para AdhArita evaM AvazyakatAoM ko pUrI karane vAle ahiMsaka vikalpoM ko soddezya khoja nikAlanA hai| aba yaha vaha samaya A gayA hai jabaki hameM ahiMsaka sArvabhauma rUpAntaraNa kI hamArI yugoM purAnI kalpanA ko ahiMsaka krAnti ke rUpa meM pAne ke prayatnoM ko aura gati denA hai / mAnava itihAsa meM prathama bAra hameM krAnti ke jaise isa prakAra ke duSkara kArya kA sAmanA karanA par3a rahA hai, jo kisI bAhya

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sArvabhauma ahiMsA kendra vastu jaise niraMkuza satA, AkramaNakArI yA vargavizeSa ke viruddha na hokara manuSya ke antaHsthala meM mAnava-kalyANArtha hiMsA se mukti pAnA hai / isa prakAra sArvabhauma ahiMsaka krAnti vastutaH hama pratyeka manuSya ke hRdaya meM basI hiMsA ke viruddha krAnti hai| hama eka aise yuga meM praveza kara cuke haiM, jisameM phrAMsa kI krAnti ke tIsare nAre ko anya do nAroM ke uddezyoM kI pUrti hetu kriyAnvita karanA hai| binA bhAIcAre kI bhAvanA ke (jo ahiMsA kA hI rUpa hai) na to svataMtratA aura na hI samAnatA panapa yA surakSita raha sakatI hai| isa prakAra kA mahAn ahiMsAtmaka rUpAntaraNa, jisakI vartamAna yuga meM utkaTa AvazyakatA hai, kevala mAnavIya icchA, uddezyapUrNatA aura prAcIna AdhyAtmika satyoM ke prati aura bhI sazakta rUpa se prerita netRtva para hI AdhArita nahIM hai, apitu yaha hiMsaka saMsthAoM, jaise--rAjyoM, arthavyavasthAoM aura praudyogikI kI samasyA-samAdhAna sambandhI asaphalatAoM aura rukAvaToM dvArA bhI utprerita hai / ataeva pUrNataH bhinna upAgama jo soddezya evaM AdezAsmaka hoM, AkAMkSita evaM Avazyaka hoM, apanAye jAne caahie| ahiMsAtmaka rUpAntaraNa ke kArya ahiMsAtmaka krAnti kevala nakAratI hI nahIM hai apitu samarthana bhI detI hai| yaha AnandadAyaka evaM racanAtmaka honI caahie| hiMsakottara sabhyatA utpanna kI jAnI cAhie jisakI vizeSatA honI cAhie AnandapUrNa sajanAtmaka aura jIvana ke hara kSetra meM nyAya / TaoNlsTAya ne sukha kI ora ina zabdoM meM AhvAna kiyA hai : ho jA prasanna ! ho jA prasanna / prasannatA hI hai artha aura karma jIva kA / lUTa le khuziyAM sUrya aura tArAgaNa se, ghAsa aura taruoM se, pazu va mAnava se / phira bhI raho sAvadhAna, na ho yaha khuzI avaruddha / avarodha jatAtA hai truTiyAM, hamArI bhUleM, Ao talAzeM una truTiyoM ko, sudhAreM unheM / aura gAMdhIjI ne bhI nyAya kI mahatI AvazyakatA ko eka hI vAkya meM sameTa diyA hai, "ahiMsA kI prathama zarta hai jIvana ke hara kSetra meM cahuM ora nyAya hI nyAya / " ataeva hiMsA kI sazakta pakar3a se apane Apako mukta karane ke lie hameM ahiMsA kA hAtha bahuta naramI aura caturAI se pakar3anA hogA aura phira dvandvAtmaka virodha se dvipakSIya sahayoga kI ora Age bar3hanA hogA, tAvi jIvana-dazAoM meM sudhAra kiye jA skeN| ataeva ahiMsAtmaka samasyA samAdhAna

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ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja se sambaddha mahAn mAnavIya kArya haiM : Atma-surakSA ke lie ahiMsAtmaka vyavasthAyeM lAgU karanA, sabhI ko Arthika unnati evaM nyAya upalabdha karAnA, sampUrNa paryAvaraNa para pyAra-bharI nigarAnI rakhanA tathA aisI prakriyAoM ko janma denA jo AvazyakatAoM ko pUrI karane vAlI aura samasyAoM kA hala nikAlane vAlI hoN| saMkSepa meM, ahiMsaka krAnti athavA ahiMsaka rUpAntaraNa aise vizva samudAya kI saMracanA karanA cAhatA hai, jo khuziyoM evaM nyAya se otaprota ho-eka aisI duniyA jisameM na koI kisI ko mAregA aura na mArane kI dhamakI degA, na mArane ke koI takanIkI yA sAMskRtika kAraNa batAye jAyeMge, na koI bhautika yA sAmAjika paristhitiyAM batalAI jAyeMgI, jo nara-saMhAraka zaktiyoM yA nara-saMhAra kI dhamakiyoM para AdhArita hai| vartamAna paristhitiyoM ke AmUlacUla parivartana meM AdhyAmika aura vaijJAnika vikAsa ko dainika jIvana meM utAranA atyanta sahAyaka siddha hogaa| AdhyAtmika vikAsa se tAtparya naitika, kalAtmaka aura bhAvAtmaka vikAsa se hai, jo sabhI mahAn dharmoM kI zikSAoM kA preraNApuJja sAra hai| vaijJAnika vikAsa se artha hai prakRti aura mAnava ke bIca kArya-kAraNa vAle sambandhoM kI avadhAraNA ko asatya siddha karanA / ahiMsAtmaka rUpAntaraNa ke lie donoM hI avadhAraNAoM ko samasyA samAdhAna vAle kAryoM meM saMyukta rUpa se vyakta karanA hogA / tadartha AtmA, vijJAna aura karma ke racanAtmaka, antaThI evaM prabhAvI saMzleSaNa kI AvazyakatA hogii| ahiMsAtmaka saMsthAgata vikAsa kA vaicArika AdhAra AdhyAtmika preraNA ke prAcIna pratIkoM, samakAlIna mastiSka-zodha evaM sarvavyApI (sAmAjika vijJAnoM ke prAmANika kathanoM dvArA) ahiMsAtmaka samasyA samAdhAna sambandhI aura saMsthAgata vikAsa ke vaicArika kendra bindu ke lie aisA sujhAva diyA jAtA hai ki vyaktigata aura sAmAjika jIvana kisI acche yA bure pariNAma ke lie isa bAta para nirbhara karatA hai ki vyavahAra ke tInoM paraspara-nirbhara pahaluoM--AvegoM, takanIkI mAmaloM aura zakti saMbaMdhoM ko hama kaise vyavasthita rakha pAte haiN| strI-puruSa kI pArasparika kriyA se utpanna jIvana kI ekatA ke saMbaMdha meM prAcIna ina yAMga pratIka, jo brahmAMDikI vivecanA ke lie bhI sakSama hai, vAMchita, AdhyAtmika-vaijJAnika, tArkika sambandhoM ko vyakta karane ke lie mUlabhUta alaMkAra-zrRMkhalA prastuta karatI hai| isa prakriyA meM samakAlIna mastiSka sambandhI adhyayanoM ko bhI sammilita kiyA jA sakatA hai, jinake anusAra kliSTa kriyAoM ko moTe rUpa se do arddha-golAkAroM kI antaHkriyA ke rUpa

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71 sArvabhauma ahiMsA kendra meM saMkSiptataH vyakta kiyA jA sakatA hai : dAyIM AdhyAtmika-saMvegAtmaka-antarjAta tarapha tathA bAyIM tarkasaMgata, gaNanAtmaka evaM upakaraNIya tarapha / isake Age hama isameM eka tIsarA, antastAlIya tattva navInatama saiddhAntika evaM zodha niSkarSoM ke AdhAra para jor3a sakate haiN| ve niSkarSa isa prakAra haiM ki hiMsA taba janma letI hai jabaki mastiSka kI saMvegAtmaka vyavasthA (avayava vyavasthA) aura usakI saMcAra vyavasthA (anumastiSkIya) ke bIca ke vidyutIya mArga coTagrasta ho jAte haiN| dUsarI ora ahiMsAtmaka vyavahAra maulika athavA punaHsaMsthApita vidyutIya Ananda mArgoM se prasUta hotA hai, jo saMvegAtmaka evaM saMcAra vyavasthAoM ke bIca meM sthita haiN| yadi hama isase Age bar3hate haiM to yaha vicAra ki prabhAvI saMsthAkaraNa meM tInoM tattvoM kA samAveza ho jAnA cAhie, mAnava vyavahAra ke tInoM AyAmoM ke mahattva para vibhinna sAmAjika vijJAnoM ke kathanoM dvArA prabalIkRta ho jAtA hai / ina tInoM prakAra ke vyavahAroM ko ye bhinna-bhinna nAma diye jA sakate haiM : bhAvanAtmaka, takanIkI evaM zaktiparaka, prabhAvotpAdaka, saMjJAnAtmaka aura AdezAtmaka, spaSTavAcaka, vyAvahArika, saMgharSAtmaka anubhUtiyAM, pratyakSa bodha, pAritoSika evaM daNDa ityAdi / ye hI Izvara evaM kaivalya ke mArgoM kI prAcIna AdhyAtmika pahicAna kI pratidhvaniyAM mAtra haiN| kaivalya se tAtparya hai vizvAsa, cintana, kriyA, mastiSka, zabda aura zarIra, AtmA, mArga aura jIvana / __ ina tInoM tattvoM ko ahiMsaka AndolanoM meM ekIkRta karane ke prayAsoM ke samakAlIna vyAvahArika udAharaNa prekSAdhyAna, jIvana-vijJAna aura aNuvrata meM upalabdha haiM / ye abhyAsa AcArya tulasI aura yuvAcArya mahAprajJa ke netRtva meM terApantha jaina AmnAya dvArA saMcAlita haiN| AdhyAtmika vikAsa, vidvattA aura grAma sevA saMyuktarUpa se tamilanADu meM gAMdhI rUrala yunivarsiTI meM, isake saMsthApaka DA0 jI0 rAmacandrana, jo svayaM gAMdhI-Taigora dvArA abhiprerita the, ke bIca meM calAye jAte haiN| isI prakAra ahiMsaka "mAnavIya krAnti'' jApAna meM una saMsthAoM dvArA saMcAlita kI jA rahI hai, jo eka dUsare para Azrita haiM, tathA jo jApAna ke bauddha zAnti netA daisAku ikeDA dvArA sokAgakAI saMgaThana (mUlya nirmANa zikSaNa saMsthA) ke mAdhyama se nizIrena zozu dharma ke prasAra hetu sthApita evaM vikasita kI gaI thii| inameM kalA aura saMgIta saMgaThana sokA vizvavidyAlaya aura dUsarI zodha evaM zikSaNa saMsthAeM, kaI kAryAthI sAmAnya saMgaThana, sokAgakAI inTaranezanala, eka samAcArapatra (sekyo zimbhUna) aura eka svataMtra rAjanItika dala (komiTo) zAmila haiN| ina mUlabhUta avadhAraNAoM aura vyAvahArika anubhavoM ke AdhAra para hama dekha sakate haiM ki koI bhI sthAnIya, rASTrIya yA rASTrapAra saMsthA je ahiMsaka sArvabhauma rUpAntaraNa kI pakSapAtI hai, ke pAsa tIna prakAra ke

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ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja Antarika aura kula milAkara sAta AdhArabhUta tattva kSamatAyeM anivArya rUpa se honI cAhieM : AdhyAtmika-saMvegAtmaka-kalAtmaka sRjanazIlatA, vaijJAnikatakanIkI sRjanazIlatA, ahiMsaka mUlyoM aura takanIkI kauzala ko prabhAvI samasyA samAdhAna hetu Apasa meM jor3ane kI kSamatA (netRtva anuyAyI vikAsa), ahisaka upakramoM kA jJAna (zodha, zikSA, upayoga); aura samasyA samAdhAna meM laga jAne kI kssmtaa| ___ isa prakAra kI saMsthA, yadyapi vaha choTI hai, pariNAmasvarUpa AvazyakatAniSTha sArvabhauma rUpAntaraNa meM eka "ahiMsaka mastiSka" kA kAma de sakatI hai| yadi ise upayukta samarthana diyA jAye to yaha aitihAsika yogadAna de sakatI hai jo nimnAMkita ke samakakSa ho sakatA hai : bhaviSya dRSTi, buddhi takanIkI kA sAmaMjasya, purtagAla nau-vimAnacAlaka rAjakumAra henarI kA samudra-gamana kauzala, jisane sArvabhauma khojoM ke lie samudroM meM rAste banAye, manhaTana projekTa dvArA upalabdha aNu bamba ke nakArAtmaka udAharaNa, nAsA apolo projekTa dvArA candramA para mAnava kI yAtrA kA yuga purAnA sAkAra svapna / yaha vicAra ki ahiMsaka sArvabhauma rUpAntaraNa sambhava hai, kama cunautIvAlA kArya nahIM hai, na kama mahattvapUrNa hai, to vaha pUrNata: upalabdha kiyA jAne vAlA bhI hai, yadi Avazyaka icchAzakti, buddhi bala aura saMsAdhana, jaise-AtmA vijJAna aura kauzala usameM pUrI taraha lagA diye jaayeN| saMsAra ke dAyeM Adhe bhAga meM sabhI dharmoM, saMskRtiyoM aura kalAoM kI ahiMsaka-AdhyAtmika buddhi kA yatheSTa upayoga karane meM yaha saMsthA samartha honI cAhie / inameM bahAI sampradAya ke ahiMsAtmaka pahala, buddha dharma, IsAI dharma, hindU dharma, islAma dharma, jaina dharma, yahUdI dharma tathA ve sabhI anya dharma jinameM svadezIya logoM ke dharma zAmila haiN| inameM dharma-nirapekSa darzanoM ke ahiMsaka pahala bhI sammilita haiM, jaise ki rUr3hivAda udAratAvAda, samAjavAda, grInijma aura bhaviSyavAda / inameM dRzya aura kriyAtmaka kalAoM jaisepainTiGa ga, mUrtikalA, kAvya, sAhitya, saMgIta, nRtya, nATaka aura philma Adi meM nihita ahiMsAtmaka preraNAoM kI khoja aura vikAsa bhI zAmila haiN| saMsAra ke bAyeM arddha bhAga meM isa saMsthA ko vibhinna kSetroM jaiseAcAra-zAstra, mastiSka vijJAna, bAyokemisTrI, poSaNa, mAnasika cikitsA vijJAna, manovijJAna, mAnava-zAstra, bhUgola, arthazAstra samAjazAstra, rAjanItizAstra, sUcanA-vijJAna, prAkRtika vijJAna, itihAsa aura bhaviSya adhyayana meM upalabdha ahiMsAniSTha jJAna kA yatheSTa upayoga karanA hogaa| khagola ke madhya bhAga meM ahiMsaka netRtva aura anuyAya ke vibhinna vyavasAyoM aura vyakti, parivAra aura samAja ke dainika jIvana meM pahala zakti kA vikAsa karane ke lie mUlyoM evaM vijJAna ko eka sAtha milAnA hogaa|

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sArvabhauma ahiMsA kendra 73 isa saMsthA ko nimnAMkita kI ahiMsaka kSamatAoM kA upayoga karane ke sAtha-sAtha una meM apanA yogadAna karanA hogA, rAjanItika netRtva, kAnUna, loka prazAsana,udyama, zrama, cikitsA, samAja-sevA, zikSA, saMcAra, dharma aura gaira-sarakArI nAgarikI abhiyAna / ise senA, pulisa, krAntikAriyoM aura aparAdhiyoM ke hisAtmaka kauzala tathA dUsarI ora ahiMsaka AndolanoM ke anubhavI saMbhAgiyoM ke ahiMsaka kauzala kA bhI rUpAntaraNa hetu yatheSTa upayoga karanA hogaa| isake atirikta isa saMsthA ko hara vyavasAya meM dainika jIvana kI ahiMsaka buddhi aura kauzaloM ke prati jAgarUka aura unakA samarthaka rahanA hogaa| sthAnIya aura sArI pRthvI ke paryAvaraNoM kI bArIkI se jAMca-par3atAla karate rahate hue tathA tadanusAra prakriyA karate hue trirUpIya mastiSka eka mUlabhUta AdhyAtmika vaijJAnika prazna pUchatA hai aura ahiMsaka vizleSaNa ke catuSkoNIya tarka kA uttara denA cAhatA hai aura ahiMsA ke siddhAntoM para AdhArita kArya ke mAdhyama se apane paryAvaraNa ke badalane ke lie kArya karatA hai / AdhArabhUta prazna hai, "kyA ahiMsaka samAja kA astitva sambhava hai ? vaha sArvabhauma mAnava samudAya, jisameM na mAranA hai, na mArane kI dhamakiyAM haiM, na mArane kI praudyogikI hai, jisameM na mArane kA koI sAMskRtika aucitya hai aura na koI sAmAjika padArthIya sthitiyAM haiM, jinheM apane Apako banAye rakhane yA parivartana ke lie prANaghAta karane yA isakI dhamakI dene kI AvazyakatA hai| isa prazna kA uttara dene ke lie Avazyaka ahiMsaka vizleSaNa ke tarka meM nimnAMkita prazna sammilita haiM : hiMsA ko janma kauna detA hai ? ahiMsA kisase utpanna hotI hai ? hiMsA se ahiMsA evaM ahiMsA se hiMsA meM badalAva ke kyA kAraNa haiM ? sthAyI sudhAravAdI, sukhI aura nyAyapremI ahiMsaka samAja kI, jo kabhI bhI hiMsA para utArU nahIM hogA, zarte kyA-kyA ___ isake kriyAnvayana prayAsoM meM isa saMsthA ko samudAya ke ahiMsaka siddhAntoM-vizvasanIyatA, sRjanazIlatA, racanAtmakatA aura sAhasa kI AvazyakatA hogii| ___isa saMsthA ke vaicArika svarUpa ko kArya ke tIna AdhAra-stambhoM (mUlya, vijJAna aura netRtva), kriyAnvayana ke tIna tarIkoM (zodha, zikSA aura upayoga), pAMca samasyA samAdhAna vacanabaddhatAoM (hiMsA kI samApti, Arthika nyAya, mAnavAdhikAra, paryAvaraNIya zakti, sArvabhauma samudAya kI sthApanA) ke rUpa meM saMkSepa meM vyakta kiyA jA sakatA hai| ukta vacanabaddhatA ke mAdhyama se yaha saMsthA saMyukta rASTra saMgha ke samasyA samAdhAna sambandhI prayAsoM meM apanA samarthana evaM yogadAna de sakatI haiN|

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74 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja isa saMsthA ke saMgaThana kA AdhAra saMyukta rASTrasaMgha vizvavidyAlaya kA svarUpa ho sakatA hai, arthAt isake kArya kA saMcAlana sahayogI vyaktiyoM evaM saMsthAoM kA vizva bhara meM eka jAla bichAkara usake mAdhyama se kiyA jA sakatA hai| isameM eka kendrIya kAryakartA samUha hogA, jo saMsthA ke vaicArika DhAMce ko pratibimbita kregaa| kintu isa prakAra kA kendra kevala eka nahIM hogA, isakI upayogitA eka bAra siddha ho jAne para isake aneka kendra ho jAyeMge aura vizvabhara meM aneka sthAnIya, rASTrIya aura antarrASTrIya kendroM kA jAla bicha jaayegaa| yadyapi isa saMsthA kI AdhArazilA ahiMsA kI preraNA hai, phira bhI ise ahiMsaka mAnava samAja kI racanA meM sahayoga dene se pare kisI AdhyAtmika yA laukika matAgraha se mukta rahanA hogaa| isase abhiprAya yaha hai ki isa saMsthA ko aise logoM aura saMsthAoM kI bhI sevA karanI hogI jo hiMsAvAdI evaM hiMsaka pravRtti ke haiM tathA unakI bhI jo ubhayavAdI-arthAt kabhI hiMsA ke samarthaka aura kabhI ahiMsA ke samarthaka, haiN| saMsthAgata mAnyatA aura mataikya kA nyUnatama rUpa yaha honA cAhie ki hiMsA, ahiMsA aura ina donoM ke pArasparika parivartana ke bAre meM koI bhI dRSTikoNa sAmane Aye, saMsthA kA nirantara lakSya eka hI rahegA ki mAnava jIvana se hiMsA kA lopa ho| isakA artha yaha huA ki saMsthA ko aise ahiMsaka samAja kI racanA meM pUrA-pUrA sahayoga denA hogA aura sArvabhauma ahiMsaka jIvana ke lakSya ke mAdhyama yA sAdhana bhI ahiMsaka hI hoNge| saMgaThana aura samarthana suvidhAyeM aisI kalpanA hai ki isa saMsthA kI eka sArvabhauma parAmarzadAtrI samiti hogI, jo isa saMsthA ke vaicArika Antarika svarUpa evaM kAryakSetra ko duniyA ke samakSa pratibimbita karegI / isakI eka kAryakrama samanvayaka samiti hogI, jo mAnava mUlyoM, vijJAna aura upakrama meM niSNAta hogI, isake apane pariyojanA samanvayaka hoMge, jinakI sAre vizva meM AvazyakatA hogii| isakA apanA kendrIya prazAsaka hogA, eka vittIya nidezaka evaM eka sUcanA vizeSajJa hogA aura sahayogI vyaktiyoM aura saMsthAoM kA eka vizva-vyApI samudAya hogaa| turanta samarthana ke lie nimnAMkita AvazyakatAyeM hoMgI : (I) ahiMsA ke jJAna ke lie zodha, zikSA, Andolana, netRtva aura vizvabhara meM samasyAsamAdhAna ke lie kiye gaye prayatnoM kI sUcI (1) eka samasyApatra jo sUcI ke pariNAmoM kA pracAra aura prasAra kregaa| eka dUragAmI dRSTi rakhate hue isa saMsthA ko eka patrikA, eka vArSika samIkSA aura aisA hI koI anya prakAzana nikAlanA cAhie jo samaya-samaya para sevA ke vibhinna lakSyoM ko

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75 sArvabhauma ahiMsA kendra nirdhArita karatA rahe aura projekTa riporToM ko prakAzita karatA rhe| eka Azu sevA isa saMsthA dvArA yaha kI jAnI cAhie ki yaha pramukha samarpita ahiMsA kAryakartAoM ke vicAroM kI abhivyakti, unakI yAtrA, vizrAma aura unase parAmarza kA bandobasta karatI rhe| yaha sevA dUsare kSetroM, jaisesarakArI upakramoM, vyApAra, vizvavidyAlayoM aura senA meM bhI kI jAe to usake aneka lAbha hoNge| isI se sambaddha kAryakrama yaha ho sakatA hai ki samayasamaya para sammelanoM kA Ayojana kiyA jAye tAki kSetra meM kAma karane vAle zikSakoM aura zodha kAryakartAoM ko eka sArvabhauma ahiMsAvAdI sevA samudAya kA gaThana karane meM sahAyatA mila sake / vikAsa prakriyA _ isa saMsthA ko bar3I vinamratA ke sAtha, parantu nirantara isa prakriyA se Age bar3hanA cAhie ki jAgarUka pratibhAsampanna vyakti isa vizva ko hiMsA se ahiMsA meM badalane ke lie saMsthAgata kSamatAoM ko ajita kara ske| isa ora prathama prayAsa yA sopAna yaha ho ki racanAtmaka saMsthAoM ke nirmAtAoM aura ahiMsAvAdI sevA bhAvI netAoM kI eka choTI mITiMga Ayojita kI jAnI cAhie, tAki ve isa nibandha meM varNita saMsthAgata vikAsa ke prastAvoM kA AlocanAtmaka mUlyAMkana kara skeN| yadi isameM saphalatA mile to ahiMsAvAdI niHsvArthI netAoM, zikSakoM aura zodhakartAoM ke bIca vizva-stara kA sammelana Ayojita kiyA jAnA cAhie, tAki samasyA samAdhAna ke sArvabhauma ahiMsaka saMsAdhanoM ko prakAza meM lAyA jA ske| tatpazcAt eka aisI bhI yojanA aura usake samarthaka taiyAra kiye jAne cAhie ki isa saMsthA kA Age Ane vAlI zatAbdiyoM meM mAnava-kalyANa meM bahuta bar3A yogadAna ho ske| eka bhI mAnavopakArI zAnti, nyAya aura svatantratA ke kSetroM meM kiye gaye prayAsoM ke rekArDa para vizeSa evaM amiTa chApa chor3a sakatA hai yA unakA saMgha isa kArya kara sakatA hai| dUsarI ora samasta pRthvI ke lAkhoM nAgarikoM se bhI isa dizA meM choTe-choTe parantu mahattvapUrNa yogadAna mila sakate haiM / isa prakAra ke yogadAna ke srota adhika hoM yA kama, sArvajanika hoM yA nijI, bar3e hoM yA choTe, isa saMsthA ko sabhI manuSyoM kI AvazyakatAoM kI sArvabhauma ahiMsA parivartana ke jJAna ke mAdhyama se pUrti karane meM samarpita ho jAnA caahie| ahiMsaka bhaviSya kI ora ___ vartamAna hiMsAvAdI mAnyatAoM aura saMsthAoM ko ahiMsAvAdI banAne meM bar3e sazakta prayAsoM kI AvazyakatA hai| kintu isa ora hamAre prayAsa aise hone cAhie ki isa parivartana se sArA vizva lAbhAnvita ho sake / yadi anya

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75 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja deza yuddhAtura hoM to hama zAnti se nahIM baiTha skte| hama Arthika nyAya kA lAbha taba taka nahIM uThA sakate, jabaki dUsare zoSaNa karane meM lage hue hoN| hama sRjanAtmaka rUpa se mukta nahIM ho sakate yadi dUsare damanakArI haiN| hama prakRti ke sAtha ekarUpa hokara taba TikeM nahIM raha sakate yA jIvita hI nahIM raha sakate, jaba taka ki dUsare loga isa ekarUpatA ko naSTa karane meM lage hue haiN| yadi dUsare loga hiMsAtmaka tarIke se tor3a-phor3a meM lage rahegeM to hama zAntipUrNa sahayoga kA jIvana nahIM bitA sakate / ____ ahiMsA ke adhyayana ke lie sthApita eka sArvabhauma saMsthA vizva kI samasta samasyAoM kA hala nahIM kara sakatI, kintu inakI jAnakArI prApta karane tathA inako hala karane kA jJAna prApta karane meM yaha avazya hamArI sahAyatA kara sakatI hai| yaha vizva meM aise pratyuttarAtmaka saMsAdhanoM ko janma de sakatI hai, jo ahiMsAvAdI AdhyAtmika mUlya aura ahiMsAvAdI vaijJAnika niSkarSa saMyukta rUpa se kArya karate hue zodha, zikSA aura kAryoM meM netRtva kI pahala-zakti utpanna karate haiN| yaha Aja mAnavatA ke kalyANa evaM astitva ko khatarA utpanna karane vAlI bhArI samasyA kA samAdhAna kara sakatI hai| yaha isa bAta ke lie, ki ahiMsaka vikalpa bhI sambhava hai, hamAre vizva-stara ke netAoM evaM nAgarikoM meM Atma-vizvAsa jAgRta kara sakatI hai| yaha saMsthA ahiMsAvAdI mAnavIya bhaviSya ke svapna ko sAkAra karane ke lie antaHsAmpradAyika, anta:sAMskRtika evaM antaHsakAyI kSamatA evaM pratibaddhatA ke praraNAdAyaka pratIka ke rUpa meM kArya kara sakatI hai|

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hiMsA aura ahiMsA vyavahAra meM prANI ko mAranA-satAnA hiMsA hai aura tattva dRSTi se rAgadveSayukta pravRtti se kiyA jAne vAlA prANa-vadha hiMsA hai| AtmA kI zuddha yA svAbhAvika sthiti ahiMsA hai / ahiMsA ke vargIkRta rUpa do haiM-- niSedhaka aura vidhAyaka / pUrvI aura pazcimI dharma-pravartakoM aura vicArakoM ke vicAroM meM isa rUpa ko lekara dvaita nahIM dIkhatA / unameM prAyaH pUrNa sAmaMjasya hai / ahiMsA pratyeka sthiti meM upAdeya hai / hiMsA jIvana kI kamajorI hai / vaha kisI bhI sthiti meM svIkArya nahIM / muni ke lie hiMsA sarvathA - manasA, vAcA, karmaNA, kRta, kArita, anumati se tyAjya hai / gRhastha artha - hiMsA - anivArya yA prAyojanika hiMsA se na baca sake to anartha - hiMsA - jo jIvana nirvAha ke lie Avazyaka nahIM hai, se avazya bace / hiMsA se nahIM baca sakanA aura ahiMsA eka nahIM hai / 'anivArya hiMsA karanI cAhie' aura 'anivArya hiMsA hue binA nahIM rahatI - ye do bAteM haiN| hiMsA -hiMsA hai / usameM deza, kAla aura paristhiti kA apavAda nahIM ho sakatA / abhAva jitanA sarala hotA hai, bhAva utanA hI jaTila | nakAra kI bhASA meM jo ekatA dIkhatI hai, vaha hakAra kI bhASA meM nahIM dIkhatI / bhAvAtmaka ahiMsA isa niyama kA apavAda nahIM / jaina - ahiMsA ko sAdhAraNatayA nivRttyAtmaka mAnA jAtA hai / isakA kAraNa yahI hai ki usameM saMyamahIna karuNA yAnI rAga-dveSAtmaka pravRtti ko AtmasAdhanA kI dRSTi se sthAna nahIM hai / ahiMsA kI paridhi meM vahI sevA A sakatI hai, jo Atma-sAdhanA se anuprANita hai / zArIrika sevA aura AdhyAtmika sevA ke bIca eka bheda-rekhA na ho to phira moha aura mAdhyasthya, bhautika tuSTi aura Atmika zAnti meM koI antara nahIM ho sakatA /

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hiMsA kI jar3a mUla aura patra ye per3a ke do aMga haiN| inake AdhAra para hamArI mAnasika vattiyoM ko samajhane kA prayatna kiyA gyaa| jar3a vaha hotI hai jahAM se sArA vikAsa hotA hai| pattA vRkSa kA eka vikAsa hai| vaha sthAyI tattva nahIM hai / pattA AtA hai aura calA jAtA hai| vasaMta AtA hai, patte A jAte haiN| patajhar3a AtA hai, patte cale jAte haiN| kintu jar3a sthAyI rahatI hai / jaba taka jar3a hai, taba taka per3a hai| jar3a samApta to per3a samApta, patte samApta aura saba kucha samApta / eka hai jar3a kI bAta, aura eka hai pattoM kI bAta / pattoM kI bAta bahuta choTI bAta hotI hai| usakA bahuta jyAdA mUlya nahIM hotaa| jar3a kI bAta kA bahuta bar3A mUlya hotA hai| isalie AdamI hara viSaya meM khojatA hai ki isakI jar3a kahAM hai ? isakA mUla AdhAra kyA hai| jaba taka mUla kA patA nahIM calatA, AdamI ko saMtoSa nahIM hotA / hiMsA ke bAre meM bhI Age yaha prazna pUchA jA rahA hai aura isa para kAphI citana cala rahA hai ki hiMsA kA mUla kyA hai ? hiMsA kI jar3a kyA hai ? usa jar3a ko hameM pakar3anA hai| hamAre sAmane bhI prazna hai ki hiMsA kI jar3a kahAM hai ? isa para aneka logoM ne aneka vicAra prakaTa kie haiN| vibhinna mata : vibhinna dRSTikoNa vijJAna kI eka zAkhA hai AnuvaMzikI vijJAna / AnuvaMzika vaijJAnika batalAte haiM--hamAre sAre vyaktitva kA nirmANa jIna ke dvArA hotA hai| ve hamAre saMskAra-sUtra haiM aura unake dvArA sArA nirdhAraNa hotA hai / hiMsA kI jar3a hai-jIna / jIna AnuvaMzika hai| vaha mAtA-pitA ke dvArA prApta hone vAlA hai| isalie usameM hamArA koI vaza nahIM / anuvaMza se prApta, virAsata meM prApta saMskAra hai / isalie manuSya jAti ko hiMsA ko bhoganA hai aura hiMsA ke pariNAmoM ko bhoganA hai| use chor3ane kA koI upAya nahIM hai| yaha mata hai AnuvaMzikI vaijJAnikoM kaa| jIva vaijJAnika isase sahamata nahIM hai / ve hiMsA kI jar3a kahIM dUsarI jagaha khojate haiN| manovaijJAnika bhI isase sahamata nahIM haiN| rAsAyanika vaijJAnikoM kA aura manovaijJAnikoM kA mata hai ki hiMsA kI jar3a maulika manovRtti hai / manovijJAna meM molika vRttiyoM ke aneka vargIkaraNa haiN| unameM

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hiMsA kI jar3a yuddha ko svAbhAvika manovRtti mAnA gayA hai| hiMsA, saMgharSa aura yuddha manuSya kI sahaja vRtti hai, maulika manovRtti hai| unake anusAra hiMsA ko jar3a hai maulika manovRtti / pariveza vaijJAnika isase sahamata nahIM haiN| ve mAnate haiM ki hiMsA kI jar3a hai vAtAvaraNa, pariveza / jisa prakAra kA vAtAvaraNa hotA hai, AdamI vaisA hI banatA hai / hamAre vAtAvaraNa meM hiMsA ke tattva vidyamAna haiN| aisI paristhiti milatI hai ki eka baccA prArambha se hI aparAdha meM calA jAtA hai, hiMsA karane laga jAtA hai| sAre samAja kA vAtAvaraNa aura pariveza hI aisA hai, jahAM hiMsA sIkhane ko milatI hai / hiMsA kI mUla jar3a hai pariveza / / __ dArzanikoM ne ina sabase haTakara kahA-hiMsA kI jar3a hai karma / AdamI kA jaisA karma-saMskAra hotA hai, vaha vaisA hI bana jAtA hai| vimarza samasyA kA nAnA prakAra ke mata haiM / jo jisa viSaya kA vaijJAnika hai, jisa viSaya kA tArkika hai, dArzanika hai, usa prakAra kA mata hai / nAnA matoM se bharA huA hai yaha hamArA saMsAra / koI eka mArga nahIM hai / alaga-alaga rAste haiN| ina saba matoM para vicAra kareM to niSkarSa yaha nikalegA ki ye sAre ekAMgI dRSTikoNa haiM / sarvAMgINa kisI ko nahIM kahA jA sakatA / asatya bhI nahIM kahA jA sktaa| jIna bhI eka kAraNa banatA hai| pariveza bhI eka kAraNa banatA hai| maulika manovRtti bhI eka kAraNa banatI hai / karma bhI eka kAraNa banatA hai| ye aneka ghaTaka haiM jo milakara ghaTanA kA nirmANa karate haiN| eka ghaTanA ke lie koI bhI eka sarvathA uttaradAyI nahIM hai| sabakA yoga milatA hai to isa prakAra kI ghaTanA ghaTita hotI hai| hameM sarvAMgINa dRSTi se vicAra karanA hai / hiMsA kI jar3a jIna meM bhI hai, pariveza meM bhI hai, maulika manovRtti meM bhI hai| ye saba yadi eka-eka haiM to kisI meM bhI nahIM haiM aura saba mila jAte haiM to saba meM hai| paudhe ke ugane meM bIja eka kAraNa hai, kiMtu korA bIja hai aura UrvarA bhUmi nahIM hai aura bhUmi UrvarA hai bIja bhI hai, para pAnI nahIM hai to paudhA nahIM ugegaa| pAnI bhI hai, para na dhUpa hai aura na havA hai, to paudhA nahIM ugegaa| sArI sAmagrI caahie| eka se koI kAma nahIM banatA / ghaTakoM kA samavAya hotA hai / aneka milate haiM taba eka kArya niSpanna hotA hai / hiMsA eka ghaTanA hai aura hiMsA eka kArya hai| vaha taba kArya banatA hai jaba aneka ghaTaka mila jAte haiN| uttaradAyI kauna ? hama aura thor3A ciMtana kreN| agara hiMsA kI jar3a jIna meM mAna leM to phira dhyAna karane kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / phira zAMti ke prayatnoM kI

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ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / sAdhanA kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| mAnA jAtA hai ki jo jInagata hai, AnuvaMzika hai, use badalA nahIM jaataa| hiMsA hamAre jIna meM hai, use badalA nahIM jA sktaa| phira kyA jarUrata hai dhyAna karane kI ? kyA jarUrata hai tapasyA karane kI ? kyA jarUrata hai zAMti ke prayatnoM kI ? koI jarUrata nahIM hai| agara aisA mAna leM to phira hAtha para hAtha dharakara baiThe rahanA hai aura yahI socanA hai ki aisA honA hai aura hameM aise bhoganA hai / hamAre pAsa isakA koI upacAra nahIM hai|| yadi hiMsA kI jar3a maulika manovRtti hai to bhI yahI kaThinAI hai| manovRtti ko badalanA manovijJAna ke kSetra meM asaMbhava jaisA hai| jaise jIna para hamArA koI vaza nahIM hai, maulika manovRtti para bhI hamArA koI vaza nahIM hai / agara hama maulika manovRtti ko jar3a mAna leM to koI prayatna karane kI jarUrata nahIM hai| sirpha apane bhAgya ko kosate raheM aura niyati kI ora jhAMkate rheN| agara mAtra pariveza hI hiMsA kA kAraNa hai to bahuta bAra aisA hotA hai ki pariveza badala dene para bhI AdamI kI vRtti badalatI nahIM hai / hiMsA kI bAta badalatI nahIM hai / yadi hiMsA kA karma se saMbaMdha hai to vahAM bhI yaha samasyA A sakatI hai ki hama aisA kyoM kareM ? karma to badalA nahIM jA sakatA / yaha mAnA jAtA hai ki jaisA bhAgya meM likhA hai, AdamI ko bhoganA hai / jaisA karma kiyA hai AdamI ko bhoganA hai, kie hue karma ko bhoge binA chuTakArA nahIM miltaa| samasyA hai aura nirAzAvAda hai / hama nirAza hokara baiTha jAeM, kucha bhI karane kI jarUrata nahIM hai| AzA kI eka kiraNa __ karmavAda kA eka siddhAMta hai ki karma bhugatanA par3atA hai, para sAtha hI sAtha yaha bhI siddhAMta hai ki karma ko badalA bhI jA sakatA hai / yahI AzA kI eka kiraNa hamAre sAmane AyI hai / jarUrI nahIM hai ki jo kiyA hai use vaisA hI bhugatanA par3egA / use badalA jA sakatA hai, yaha eka dArzanika siddhAMta hai / isake saMdarbha meM kyA hama lauTakara nahIM dekha sakate ? jIna ko bhI badalA jA sakatA hai / maulika manovRtti ko bhI badalA jA sakatA hai| pariveza ko bhI badalA jA sakatA hai / yaha parivartana kI bAta hamAre sAmane AtI hai / parivartana kA sUtra hamAre hAtha lagatA hai to eka naI AzA phira jAga jAtI hai ki hama badala sakate haiM aura hiMsA ko badalA jA sakatA hai| parivartana kA sUtra : ahiMsA kA vikAsa badalane kA sUtra hai-ahiMsA kA vikAsa / hamAre bhItara hiMsA aura ahiMsA-donoM tattva vidyamAna haiN| korI hiMsA kI jar3a hI hamAre bhItara vidyamAna nahIM hai / ahiMsA kI jar3a bhI hamAre bhItara vidyamAna hai| donoM hamAre

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81 hiMsA kI jar3a bhItara haiM hiMsA aura ahiNsaa| hamArI jo mastiSkIya praNAlI hai, usameM do praNAliyAM haiM / eka praNAlI hai ki gussA karo, krodha karo, kyoMki sthiti se nipaTanA hai| dUsarI praNAlI yaha bhI hai ki abhI mata karo, thor3A ruko / hameM rokatI bhI hai / krodha Ane kI praNAlI hamAre mAstaSka meM hai to krodha para niyaMtraNa pAne kI praNAlI bhI hamAre mastiSka meM hai / eka praNAlI kahatI hai, lar3o, jhagar3o, gussA karo to dUsarI kahatI hai ki abhI mata karo, jarA ruko, dekho, kucha tthhro| eka ukasAtI hai to dUsarI rokatI hai| donoM praNAliyAM hamAre bhItara vidyamAna haiN| yuddha aura zAMti, hiMsA aura ahiMsAdonoM hamAre bhItara vidyamAna haiN| kevala hiMsA kI jar3a hI hamAre bhItara vidyamAna nahIM hai, ahiMsA kI jar3a bhI hamAre bhItara hai / svarga aura naraka donoM -hamAre bhItara haiN| svarga : naraka cIna kA eka dArzanika thA naanuusiijii| unake pAsa eka senApati aayaa| bahuta nAma sunA thA dArzanika kA / prasiddha saMta thA / Akara bolA, mere prazna kA uttara deM? kyA prazna hai tumhArA? usane kahA, svarga kyA hai aura naraka kyA hai ? senApati thA, yoddhA thA / yoddhA kI bolI alaga prakAra kI hotI hai aura bhAvanA bhI alaga prakAra kI hotI hai| bar3I teja bhASA meM kahA, jaldI mere prazna kA uttara deN| saMta ne socA-bar3A ajIba AdamI hai| AyA hai jijJAsA ko lekara aura bola rahA hai lar3ane ke mUDa meM / bar3A vicitra AdamI hai / saMta bhI bar3e vicitra the| nAnUsIjI ne kahA, kyA tuma senApati ho| usane kahA, tumheM dIkha nahIM rahA hai ? saMta ne kahA, dIkha rahA hai| tuma senApati ho, para tumhArI sUrata to hai bhikhArI jaisii| itanA sunate hI ubala par3A senApati / vaha bolA-dIkhatA nahIM, talavAra hai mere hAtha meM / saMta boleacchA, talavAra bhI rakhate ho ? para isake dhAra hai yA nahIM hai ? usane talavAra myAna se bAhara nikAlI / saMta bole, dhAra to hai / kyA tuma merA sira kATa sakate ho ? vaha aura adhika gusse meM ubala par3A / itanA ubala par3A ki ApA kho baiThA / saMta bole, senApati ! tuma jAnanA cAhate the ki svarga kyA hai aura naraka kyA hai ? yaha hai naraka / yaha hai tumhAre eka prazna kA uttr| itanA sunate hI senApati zAMta ho gyaa| sArA gussA samApta ho gyaa| vaha jhukA aura saMta ke pairoM meM gira pdd'aa| saMta ne use uThAte hue kahA-senApati ! yaha hai svarga / yaha hai tumhAre dUsare prazna kA uttr| yaha svarga aura naraka kahIM bAhara nahIM hai, hamAre bhItara dhyAna : ahiMsA ko jagAne kA prayoga hiMsA aura ahiMsA-donoM manuSya ke bhItara haiM / hiMsA kI jar3a bhI

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ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja hamAre bhItara vidyamAna hai aura ahiMsA kI jar3a bhI hamAre bhItara vidyamAna hai| kisako pakar3anA hai aura kise vikasita karanA hai, yaha socanA hai| isa sthiti meM vAtAvaraNa para dhyAna denA bahuta jarUrI hai| yaha eka bindu hai jahAM pariveza kA mUlyAMkana karanA hai, vAtAvaraNa kA mUlyAMkana karanA hai / zukla pakSa aura kRSNa pakSa-donoM hamAre bhItara vidyamAna haiN| prakAza aura andhakAradonoM hamAre bhItara vidyamAna haiN| donoM kA astitva hai, para kisako jagAnA hai aura kisako sulAnA hai / prazna hai jagAne aura sulAne kaa| dhyAna kA prayoga isalie hai ki hama ahiMsA ko jagA sakeM aura hiMsA ko sulA skeN| eka ko jagAnA aura eka ko sulAnA / dhyAna kA artha hai jAgarUkatA, jgaanaa| hara AdamI jAgarUka hai| kauna AdamI jAgarUka nahIM hai ? yadi paisA kamAne kA prazna hai to AdhI rAta meM bhI AdamI jAgarUka hai| nIMda meM bhI yadi koI saMvAda de de ki pAMca lAkha rupayoM kA munAphA ho rahA hai to bilakula jAgarUka hai / nIMda meM bhI suna letA hai| agara svapna Ae to bhI jAgarUka hai| hiMsA kA mUla-sUtra hameM jisa jAgarUkatA kA vikAsa karanA hai, vaha hai apane prati jAgarUka honA / padArtha ke prati hama bahuta jAgarUka haiM, para apane prati jAgarUka nahIM haiN| dhyAna kA prayojana hai apane prati jAgarUka honaa| AdamI apane prati soyA rahatA hai, dUsare ke prati jAgatA hai| isako thor3A badala denA hai / yadi padArtha ke prati jAgarUka ho to thor3e apane prati bhI jAgarUka bno| yaha hai jAgarUkatA kA vikAsa / apane prati jaba jAgarUkatA kA vikAsa hotA hai to ahiMsA kA vikAsa hotA hai| apane prati jAgane kA artha hai ahiMsA aura apane prati sone kA artha hai hiMsA / ise hama ulaTa kara kaha deM ki padArtha ke prati jAgane kA artha hai hiMsA aura padArtha ke prati sone kA artha hai ahiMsA / ahiMsA kI koI lambI-caur3I paribhASA nahIM hai / jaba AdamI apane prati jAgatA hai taba mamatva kA dhAgA TUTatA hai, ahiMsA kA vikAsa hotA hai| jaba AdamI apane prati sone lagatA hai taba mamatva kA dhAgA phailatA hai, hiMsA bar3ha jAtI hai| hiMsA kA bahuta bar3A sUtra hai-mmtv| vAtAvaraNa sudhAreM hamane cAra pramukha vAdoM kA vizleSaNa kiyA-jInavAda, maulikavRttivAda, parivezavAda aura karmavAda / ina cAroM ke samanvaya aura samavAya ke bAda jo niSkarSa hamAre sAmane AyA vaha yaha hai ki hameM sabase pahale dhyAna pariveza para hI denA hai, kyoMki vaha sabase pahale hamAre sAmane AtA hai| jo sabase pahale hamAre sAmane AtA hai usa para pahale dhyAna denA hotA hai| hama

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hiMsA kI jar3a pariveza ko kaise acchA banAeM, vAtAvaraNa ko kaise acchA banAeM, paristhiti ko kaise acchA banAeM, isa bAta para dhyAna denA bahuta Avazyaka hai| eka baccA TI. vI. dekhane baiThA, sinemA dekhane baiThA, samAcAra patra par3hane baiThA aura ve sArI ghaTanAeM jo hiMsA ko uttejanA dene vAlI haiM, corI, laTakhasoTa, mArakATa, aparAdha Adi ko vaha dekhatA hai to kyA Apa kalpanA kara sakate haiM ki usase ahiMsA kA vikAsa hogA? kabhI saMbhava nahIM lgtaa| vaha baccA nizcita hI hiMsonmukhI bana jAtA hai / usake kacce dimAga para nizcita hI itanA prabhAva par3atA hai ki vaha jAne-anajAne hiMsA kI ora daur3ane laga jAtA hai| Aja eka prazna hai ki samAja meM itane aparAdha kyoM haiM ? zAyada isa prazna para gaMbhIratA se ciMtana nahIM kiyA gayA, isakA samAdhAna gaMbhIratA se nahIM khojA gayA ki aparAdha kyoM bar3ha rahe haiM ? hiMsA kyoM bar3ha rahI hai ? AtaMka kyoM bar3ha rahA hai ? agara kAraNa khojA jAe to bahuta sApha hai ki manuSya ko jitanI hiMsA kI ghaTanAeM, carcAeM aura vArtAeM sunane ko milatI haiM usakI tulanA meM ahiMsA kA eka aMza bhI dekhane-sunane ko nahIM miltaa| sArA vAtAvaraNa hiMsA kA hai| prazna uThatA hai ki Aja pratiSThA kisako mila rahI hai ? samAcAra patroM meM mukhyatayA kisake samAcAra chapa rahe haiM sukhiyoM meM ? sAre samAcAra patra hiMsA, balAtkAra, lUTakhasoTa ke samAcAroM se bhare par3e haiN| vyakti dekhatA hai ki hajAra prayatna karane para bhI samAcAra patra meM kabhI nAma nahIM AtA hai aura corI-DakaitI kI, sAre samAcAra patroM meM usI kI tUtI bajane laga jAtI hai| kisakA mana nahIM lalacAtA? yaha to bahuta acchA tarIkA hai prasiddha hone kA / eka pUrA vAtAvaraNa jo mila rahA hai, pariveza jo mila rahA hai, vaha aparAdha ko bar3hAne vAlA hai, ghaTAne vAlA bilakula nahIM lgtaa| kyA AvazyakatA hai ki burI bAtoM ko aura burI ghaTanAoM ko saMkrAmaka banAyA jAe ? hara bAta kA prasAraNa jarUrI hai kyA ? prAcIna kAla meM to eka nIti kA sUtra thA-burI bAta ko phailAnA nahIM cAhie / eka AdamI dUsare kI burAI karatA hai to dUsarA kahatA haibhAI ! isase kyA lAbha hogA? ise yahIM rahane do, Age mata kaho / Aja to aisA lagatA hai ki hamAre saMvAdadAtAoM ko, samAcAra patroM ke pratinidhiyoM ko koI aisI ghaTanA milatI hai to use jaldI prakAzita kara denA cAhate haiM / yadi kala patra nikalane vAlA hai to usake lie sAMdhya-saMskaraNa aura nikAla deNge| kyA isa paristhiti aura vAtAvaraNa meM hama kalpanA kareM ki hiMsA nahIM bar3hegI aura aparAdha nahIM bar3heMge? isalie hameM sabase pahale dhyAna denA hai apane pariveza para, apane vAtAvaraNa para / hamane apane cAroM ora kisa prakAra ke vAtAvaraNa kA nirmANa kara rakhA hai ? vaha jaba taka nahIM

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ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja badalegA, hiMsA ko uttejanA dene vAlI jo ghaTanAeM aura nimitta haiM, ubhareMge aura hiMsA ubharegI / maiM nahIM mAnatA ki pariveza badalane se saba kucha badala jaaegaa| jar3a kI bAta para bhI hameM jAnA hogA, mUla taka jAnA hogaa| bAdhaka tattvoM kA bhI vicAra karanA hogA ki ahiMsA meM bAdhaka tattva kauna se haiM ? sAdhaka aura bAdhaka tattvoM kA vimarza karanA hogA / eka tattva hai usako siddha karane vAlA aura eka hai usameM bAdhA DAlane bAlA / Aja hiMsA ke sAdhaka tattva jyAdA haiN| kAma, krodha, lobha, bhaya, sandeha-ye saba hiMsA ke sAdhaka tattva haiM / hiMsA kA ekamAtra bAdhaka tattva hai adhyAtma kA jJAna, AtmAnubhUti, samAnubhUti / usa para hamArA dhyAna kama jAtA hai / sAdhaka tattva cAroM ora bikhare par3e haiN| ahiMsA ke bAdhaka tattva to bahuta haiM / ye bAdhA DAlate haiM / ahiMsA kA vikAsa hone meM kaThinAI hotI hai| ahiMsA ke bAdhaka tattva eka ghaTanA ke dvArA isa bAta kA vizleSaNa kreN| eka saMnyAsI ne prasanna hokara eka vyakti ko pArasamaNi de dii| pArasamaNi vaha hotI hai jo lohe ko sonA banA detI hai / saMnyAsI ne kahA-chaha mahIne kI avadhi hai, jitanA sonA banAnA cAho, banA lenaa| maiM ThIka chaha mAha ke bAda AUMgA aura apanI pArasamaNi ko le jaauuNgaa| eka avasara, jise svarNa avasara kahA jAtA hai, vaha sAmane thaa| usa vyakti ne socA, abhI to bahuta samaya hai / mahIne, do mahIne to dhyAna hI nahIM diyaa| phira dhyAna diyA para Alasyavaza chaha mAha nikAla die / saMnyAsI A gayA, pUchA, kitanA sonA banAyA ? usane kahA, kucha bhI nahIM bnaayaa| saMnyAsI ne apanI pArasamaNi le lI aura kahA ki maiM aba avakAza nahIM duuNgaa| aba tumhAre pAsa koI lohA ho to lAo maiM sonA banA dUMgA / usane khojA, garIba AdamI thA, pAsa meM lohA thA hI nhiiN| eka sUI par3I thI, lAyA, pArasamaNi se use chuAyA aura vaha sone kI ho gii| sonA banAne kA AdamI ke pAsa sAdhana thA, para bAdhaka tattva kitane the ? pahalA bAdhaka tattva thA Alasya, jisake kAraNa sonA nahIM banA skaa| dUsarA bAdhaka tattva thA lohA jo mila nahIM rahA thA aura tIsarA bAdhaka tattva thA ajJAna yA mUrchA / ajJAna aura mUrchA ne use sahI nirNaya nahIM lene diyA / tIna bAdhaka tattva the| jarUrI hai samagra badalAva ahiMsA ke vikAsa meM bhI bAdhaka tattva kAma kara rahe haiM / hama jAnate haiM ki ahiMsA eka pArasamaNi hai jisake dvArA lohe ko sonA banAyA jA sakatA hai| isake dvArA samAja meM zAMti kI aura amana-caina kI sthApanA kI jA sakatI hai| jo sone ke dvArA nahIM kI jA sakatI, usa zAMti kI sthApana

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hiMsA kI jar3a 85 ahiMsA ke dvArA kI jA sakatI hai| isa sacAI ko hama jAnate haiN| hamAre sAmane pArasamaNi hai / para bAdhaka tattva itanA kAma kara rahe haiM ki usa pArasamaNi ko jAnate hue bhI sonA nahIM banA rahe haiM / sAre bAdhaka tattva vahAM kAma kara rahe haiM / unakA kAma barAbara cala rahA hai| kabhI koI prazna sAmane A jAtA hai, to kabhI koI anya prazna sAmane A jAtA hai| ahiMsA kI bAta kareM, hiMsA na kareM to hiMsA ke binA vyakti kA astitva samApta ho jAtA hai| ahiMsA ke vikAsa meM eka avarodha A gyaa| kabhI pratipakSa kA prazna sAmane A jAtA hai ki sAmane zatru hai aura ahiMsA kI bAta kI to kyA hogA? bahAnA sAmane A jAtA hai| hindustAna ke sAmane pAkistAna eka bahAnA bana jAtA hai ki hindustAna ekajuTa nahIM rahA to pAkistAna AkramaNa kara degaa| pAkistAna ke sAmane hindustAna eka bahAnA bana jAtA hai ki pAkistAna ekajuTa nahIM rahA to hindustAna AkramaNa kara degaa| ye sAre bahAne aura sAre bAdhaka tattva sAmane A jAte haiN| hameM phira isa prazna para vicAra karanA hai ki pariveza ko badalanA hai aura pariveza ke sAtha-sAtha ina tattvoM ko bhI badalanA hai| rukanA nahIM hai| maulika manovRtti ko bhI badalanA hai / jIna ko bhI badalanA hai aura karma ko bhI badalanA hai / yadyapi AnuvaMzikI vaijJAnika badalane kI bAta ko nahIM maante| ve kahate haiM-jIna ko nahIM badalA jA sakatA / manovaijJAnika bhI maulika manovRtti ko badalane kI bAta ko nahIM maante| kabhI mAnate haiM, to bar3I muzkila se mAnate haiN| kiMtu karmavAda meM yaha bAta mAnI gaI ki karma ko badalA jA sakatA hai| saba karmavAdI isa bAta ko nahIM mAnate ki karma ko badalA jA sakatA hai| para kucha dArzanikoM ne isa para gaMbhIratA se vicAra kiyA ki karma ko badalA jA sakatA hai / na badalA jA sake to phira sAdhanA aura tapasyA sAre bekAra ho jAte haiM, koI artha nahIM hotA / hamAre sAmane eka sUtra A gayA badalane kA, parivartana kA / hameM parivartana karanA hai / jar3a ko bhI badalanA hai aura vAtAvaraNa ko bhI badalanA hai, pariveza ko bhI badalanA hai| donoM ko badalanA hai| pattoM ko bhI badalanA hai aura mUla ko bhI badalanA hai / hameM badalanA hai / vaisA hI nahIM rahanA hai| ___ kumhAra jA rahA thaa| sAtha meM bahuta gadhe the| eka koI manacalA vyakti sAmane milA / bahuta sAre manacale hote haiM, bahuta sAre majAkI loga hote haiM jinheM majAka karane meM bar3A AnaMda AtA hai| usane kahA, gadhe ke pitA ko namaskAra / kumhAra bhI bar3A cAlAka aura hoziyAra thaa| bolA, hajAra varSa jIo mere beTe / aba gadhA bane nahIM rahanA hai / badalanA hai, parivartana lA denA hai|

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86 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja saMvedanA kA sUtra badalane kI paribhASA kyA hai ? parivartana kI prakriyA kyA ? hiMsA ke saMskAra ko kaise badalA jA sakatA hai ? hiMsA kI jar3a para kaise prahAra kiyA jA sakatA hai aura use kaise badalA jA sakatA hai ? isa carcA meM, isa prazna ke citana meM, sabase jyAdA aura mahattvapUrNa upAya hai dhyAna / dhyAna ke dvArA hiMsA kI jar3a ko kATA jA sakatA hai / dharma meM hiMsA kI jar3a ko kATane vAle jitane tattva haiM unameM ziromaNi hai dhyAna / zvAsa bhI hai, svAdhyAya bhI hai / aneka upAya haiM jo hiMsA kI jar3a para prahAra karate haiM / para una sabase jyAdA prahAraka kSamatA vAlA sAdhana hai dhyAna / eka upamA ke dvArA isa bAta ko samajhAyA gayA - eka AdamI do dina kI tapasyA karatA hai aura eka AdamI lagabhaga DhAI minaTa dhyAna karatA hai / vaha DhAI minaTa dhyAna do dina kI tapasyA ko pIche chor3a degA / kahAM do dina bhUkhe rahanA aura kahAM DhAI minaTa dhyAna karanA ! yaha zAyada bahuta choTI kSamatA batalAI gaI / dhyAna meM itanI apAra kSamatA hai, hamAre citta kI nirmalatA meM itanI jyAdA kSamatA hai ki zAyada hajAroM-hajAroM varSa kI tapasyA ko eka ghar3I kA dhyAna pIche chor3a degA / hameM isakA mUlyAMkana karanA hai ki ahiMsA kA vikAsa karane ke lie, apane Apako jAnane ke lie, prANImAtra kI samAnatA ko samajhane ke lie, prANI mAtra ke prati ahiMsA ke sUtra kA saMvedanA ke sUtra kA vikAsa karane ke lie jo zaktizAlI sAdhana hai vaha hai dhyAna / dhyAna ke dvArA hama hiMsA kI jar3a ko bhI acchI taraha samajha sakate haiM aura ahiMsA kI kA kI jar3a ko kATa sakate haiM aura sakate haiN| isa sArI sthiti ko aura jo prayatna cala rahA hai, usakA mUlyAMkana apane Apa ho jAegA / jar3a ahiMsA kI samajhane ke ko bhI samajha sakate haiM, hiMsA jar3a ko aura adhika siMcana de bAda jo kucha kiyA jA rahA hai

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hiMsA aura ahiMsA kA dvandva hiMsA vizva kA sAmAnya vikalpa hai| kevala manuSya hI nahIM, samUcA prANI jagat isa vikalpa ko AdhAra mAnakara calatA hai| prANimAtra meM yaha durbalatA hai ki jahAM bhI thor3I-sI kaThinAI kA anubhava karatA hai, hiMsA kI ora dRSTi TikA detA hai / kaThinAI ke samaya meM hiMsA kI ora pravRtta vyakti ko sahAre kA AbhAsa hone lagatA hai| paristhiti meM sudhAra lAne yA use badalane kA eka vikalpa hiMsA hai, yaha mAnA jAtA hai, kintu yaha sthAyI samAdhAna dene vAlA nahIM hai| isIlie saMtulita manaHsthiti aura zAMti kI sthiti meM isa vikalpa ko svIkRti nahIM mila sakatI / AvegazIla prANiyoM ko isake atirikta dUsarA zreSTha upAya nahIM suujhtaa| kisI bhI sthiti meM jahAM hiMsA ko prazraya milatA hai, vahAM anya vikalpoM kA AdhAra chUTa jAtA hai| isa sthiti kA prabhAva vikasita prANiyoM para adhika hotA hai| vikAsazIla yA ziSTa manuSyoM ke lie hiMsA na vikalpa hai aura na upAya / manuSya ne jaise-jaise vikAsa kiyA vaise-vaise use hiMsA kI heyatA pratIta hotI gii| jina vyaktiyoM ko ahiMsA kI zreSThatA kA anubhava ho jAtA hai, ahiMsA kI upAdeyatA kA bodha ho jAtA hai, ve kabhI hiMsA kA sahArA le nahIM skte| hiMsA ko pratihiMsA se bala milatA hai| ahiMsA ke sAmane hiMsA kA prabhAva kSINa ho jAtA hai aura hiMsaka vyakti itanA dIna ho jAtA hai ki vaha kucha samajha hI nahIM pAtA / hiMsA, hiMsA ke sahAre calatI hai / eka vyakti hiMsA kA prayoga karatA hai aura dUsarA vyakti usakA uttara hiMsA se detA hai, taba hiMsA calatI hai / AgamoM kA eka sUkta--'atthi satthaM pareNa paraM, natthi asatthaM pareNa paraM / ' zastra-hiMsA meM hor3a calatI hai, azastra - ahiMsA meM hor3a nahIM hotii| hiMsA ko ahiMsA kA uttara mile to hiMsA svayaM parAsta ho jAtI hiMsaka vyakti ahiMsaka ko gAliyAM detA hai, pITatA hai, mAratA hai, usa samaya ahiMsaka aisA kucha bhI na kara sake to hiMsaka vyakti bar3A vyAkula hotA hai aura use apane kArya kI viphalatA kA anubhava hone lagatA hai| hiMsaka vyakti cAhatA hai ki sAmane vAlA vyakti bhI hiMsA para utArU ho jaae| aisA nahIM hotA hai, taba usakA manobala TUTa jAtA hai aura vaha apanA saMtulana kho detA hai / ahiMsA kA yaha vyApaka prabhAva hotA hai tabhI, jaba ahiMsaka vyakti ahiMsA

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88 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja ke prayoga meM apanI pUrI zakti lagA de / ahiMsA kA prayoga sabase pahale zakti kI mAMga karatA hai / zakti ke abhAva meM ahiMsA kI oTa lenA bahuta bar3I kAyaratA hai| ahiMsAtmaka pratikAra ke lie vyakti meM sabase pahale asAdhAraNa sAhasa honA nitAMta apekSita hai| sAdhAraNa sAhasa hiMsA kI Aga dekhakara kAMpa uThatA hai| jahAM mana meM kaMpana hotA hai vahAM sthiti kA samAdhAna hiMsA meM dikhAyI par3atA hai| darzana kA yaha mithyAtva vyakti ko hiMsA kI preraNA detA hai| hiMsA aura pratihiMsA kI yaha paramparA barAbara calatI rahatI hai / isa paramparA kA aMta karane ke lie vyakti ko sahiSNu bananA jarUrI hai| sahiSNutA ke abhAva meM mAnasika saMtulana bigar3a jAtA hai / mana saMtulita na ho to ahiMsAtmaka pratikAra kI bAta samajha meM nahIM AtI, isalie vaicArika sahiSNutA kI bahuta apekSA rahatI hai| kucha vyakti virodhI vicAroM ko saha sakate haiM, kintu unameM kaSTasahiSNutA nahIM hotI / thor3I-sI zArIrika yAtanA se ghabarAkara ve apane lakSya se bhaTaka jAte haiN| yAtanA kI saMbhAvanA mAtra se ve vicalita ho jAte haiM ataH hiMsAtmaka paristhiti ke sAmane ghuTane Teka dete haiM / jo vyakti kaSTa-sahiSNu hote haiM, ve viSama sthiti meM bhI anyAya aura asatya ke sAmane jhukane kI bAta nahIM krte| aise vyakti ahiMsAtmaka pratikAra meM adhika saphala hote haiN| unakI kaSTa-sahiSNutA itanI bar3ha jAtI hai ki ve mRtyu taka kA varaNa karane ke lie sadA udyata rahate haiM / jina vyaktiyoM ko mRtyu kA bhaya nahIM hotA hai, ve satya kI surakSA ke lie saba kucha kara sakate haiN| pratirodhAtmaka ahiMsA kA prayoga inhIM vyaktiyoM dvArA kiyA jAtA hai| mere jIvana meM aneka prasaMga Ae haiM, jahAM kucha logoM ne mere prati hiMsA kA vAtAvaraNa taiyAra kiyA / ve loga cAhate the ki maiM apanI ahiMsAtmaka nIti ko chor3akara hiMsA ke maidAna meM utara jAUM para mere aMtaHkaraNa ne kabhI bhI unakA sAtha nahIM diyA aura maiMne hara hiMsAtmaka prahAra kA pratirodha ahiMsA se kiyA / abhI-abhI hama ratanagar3ha se cale / jisa sthAna para rahane kA nirNaya thA, vahAM kucha upadravI tattva pahuMca gye| usa sthAna meM rahane kI anumati hameM pahale se hI prApta thI, phira bhI hama nahIM gaye, kyoMki vahAM upadravI tattva hiMsA para utArU ho gaye the / hama loga sar3aka ke kinAre vRkSoM kI chAyA meM baiTha gaye aura apane kAma meM laga ge| upadravakAriyoM ko upadrava karane kA avasara hI nahIM milA / isase ve hataprabha raha gye| unheM apane apamAna kA anubhava huA aura ve pratizodha kI bhAvanA se vahAM pahuMca gaye, jahAM hama Thahare the| vahAM pahuMcakara unhoMne nArebAjI aura chiTapuTa patharAva kiyaa| hama apanA kAma karate rhe| una logoM ko bar3I nirAzA huI aura hameM eka sthiti kA samAdhAna mila gyaa|

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hiMsA aura ahiMsA kA dvandva tor3a-phor3amUlaka vidhvaMsaka pravRttiyoM se samAja ko bacAne ke lie hiMsaka vyaktiyoM kI mAMga svIkAra kara lenI cAhie athavA unake sAtha saMgharSa karate rahanA cAhie? vyakti tor3a-phor3amUlaka pravRttiyoM kA sahArA letA hai apanI durbalatA chipAne ke lie, para usase usakI durbalatA ko abhivyakti milatI hai| koI bhI sakSama vyaktitva apanI mAMga pUrI karAne ke lie hiMsA ko prazraya nahIM de sktaa| ahiMsaka vyakti ke lie sthiti meM aucitya, anaucitya kA nirdhAraNa karanA bahuta jarUrI hai / yadi mAMga meM aucitya hai to use svIkAra karane meM koI bAdhA nahIM rahanI cAhie anyathA hiMsA ke sAmane jhukanA siddhAMta kI hatyA karanA hai| dUragAmI kaThinAiyoM kI bAta socakara hiMsA ke sAmane ghuTane TekanA kAyaratA hai| kAyaratA utanA hI var3A pApa hai jitanA bar3A hiMsA / kAyara vyakti sahana nahIM kara sakatA aura sahiSNu kabhI kAyara nahIM ho sakatA / kAyaratA aura sahiSNatA, ye do bhinna dizAeM haiN| eka vyakti ina donoM dizAoM se eka sAtha nahIM gujara sktaa| hiMsAtmaka sthitiyoM se DaTakara mukAbalA karane ke lie sahiSNatA kA vikAsa honA bahuta apekSita hai| kAyaratA kA manobhAva hiMsA ke sAtha samajhautA karatA hai, athavA vyakti kI vRttiyoM ko hiMsA kI ora bar3hane ke lie uttejita karatA hai / isalie saMgharSa kI sthiti meM kAyaratA kA paricaya vyakti kI pahalI parAjaya hai| kabhI-kabhI aucitya ke AdhAra para bhI tor3a-phor3amUlaka pravRttiyAM hotI haiM / merI dRSTi meM yaha svastha paddhati nahIM hai / ise hama vivazatA yA bAdhyatA mAnakara chor3a sakate haiM, kintu karaNIya nahIM mAna sakate / hiMsA aura ahiMsA kA yaha dvandva zAMta ho sakatA hai, kintu yaha zAMti hiMsA ke sAmane jhukane se nahIM, usake sAtha sagharSa karane se prApta hotI haiN| saMgharSa ke bAda jo zAMti milatI hai vaha ahiMsA kI upAdeyatA ko siddha karatI hai / hiMsA ke sAtha samajhotA karane se eka aisA anubhava hotA hai ki vAtAvaraNa zAMta ho rahA hai kintu kucha samaya bAda vaha aura adhika ugra ho jAtA hai / ata: maiM yaha mAnakara calatA hUM ki saMgharSa ho yA samajhotA, usameM aucitya kA laMghana nahIM honA cAhie aura saiddhAMtika AdhAra se nirmita sthiti hI saMgharSa-mukti kA samAdhAna hai|

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hiMsA kA kAraNa : abhAva aura atibhAva bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA---'aTTAvi saMtA aduvA pamattA'--kucha loga abhAvagrasta hokara hiMsA Adi meM pravRtta hote haiM, kucha atibhAva-pramAda se / dharma donoM prakAra ke logoM ko AzvAsana aura trANa dene vAlA hotA hai| dharma kA udaya hI isalie huA hai ki vaha abhAvagrasta logoM ko hInabhAva se bacAe aura saMgraha aura bhoga kI ora bar3hate hue logoM ko unmAda aura pramAda se bacAe, unheM mAnavIya udAtta bhAvanAoM kI ora mor3a de| jahAM taka jJAta huA hai, sAmyavAdI dezoM meM bhI jahAM-jahAM sampannatA bar3hI hai, vahAM aparAdhoM kI saMkhyA meM vRddhi huI hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki rUsa, cekoslAviyA Adi sAmyavAdI deza yaha anubhava kara rahe haiM ki dharma ke bhAvanAtmaka aura nirmANAtmaka pakSa ko samApta kara hamane bhUla kI hai| hatyAoM kA nikaTa sambandha pratizodha se hotA hai| lekina amerikA meM bar3ha rahI hatyAoM ke pIche manoraMjana kA bhAva adhika kAma kara rahA hai / Ae dina hone vAlI hatyAoM kI ghaTanAeM isa bAta kA pramANa haiM ki unake pIche yaza-lipsA, AtmakhyApana, kutUhala aura manoraMjana kA bhAva adhika dikhAI detA hai / lagatA hai, atibhAva aura sampannatA ke kAraNa vahAM ke mAnasa meM mUr3hatA paidA ho gayI hai| isa mUr3hatA se hI unake diloM meM mAnavIya sahRdayatA aura saMvedanazIlatA kA abhAva bar3hatA jA rahA hai, jisakA pariNAma ina durghaTanAoM ke sivA aura ho bhI kyA sakatA hai ! dharma unmAda aura pramAda para aMkuza lAtA hai aura mAnava ke prati sahRdaya aura saMvedanazIla hone kI preraNA detA hai / amarIkA meM yadyapi dharma para koI pratibandha nahIM haiM, kintu vahAM dharma kA svarUpa 'camatkAra' aura 'IsA kI zaraNa meM Ane mAtra se pApa-mukti' para hI adhika AdhArita hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki dharma ke maulika mUlyoM kI vahAM pratiSThA nahIM ho rahI hai / koriyana paryaTaka prophesara ne jaba ahiMsA aura aNuvrata kA saMdeza sunA to vaha Azcarya-mizrita du:kha ke svara meM bolA--'kAza, hama pazcima vAloM ko yaha saMdeza sunAne vAlA koI hotA to hama nirantara mahAyuddhoM meM par3a kara barbAda nahIM hote !' isase lagatA hai ki dharma ke vAstavika mUlyoM se unakA paricaya nahIM hai / isalie hiMsA kA kramazaH vistAra ho rahA hai aura logoM ko ahiMsA ke mUlyAMkana kA avakAza bhI nahIM mila rahA hai| dharma apane se apanA anuzAsana detA hai| jaba svayaM para anuzAsana nahIM

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hiMsA kA kAraNa : abhAva aura atibhAva hotA taba bAhara se aMkuza-anuzAsana AtA hai / samAja meM vyavasthA aura kAnUna kA janma isalie hotA hai ki vaha ucchRkhala aura unmatta na bane / kiMtu janatantra kA yaha eka doSa bhI hai, jisameM vyakti ko AvazyakatA se adhika svatantratA mila jAtI hai| sabako apane vikAsa ke samAna avasara mileM-yaha vAMchanIya hai| kintu sabako ucchRkhala banAne ke khule avasara mileM, yaha kabhI bhI vAMchanIya nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / kisI bhI rASTra ke nAgariko ko yadi binA koI roka-Toka ke zastra rakhane kA adhikAra hotA hai to vaha hiMsAtmaka pravRttiyoM ko bar3hAne kA sabase bar3A protsAhana hotA hai / pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM Aveza AnA sahaja hai| kintu vaha praveza bhayaMkara aura aniSTakara na banane dene ke lie Avazyaka hotA hai ki use sAdhanahIna banA diyA jaae| sabhI sAdhanoM ke pAsa rahane para Aveza kI abhivyakti bhayaMkara na ho, yaha saMbhava nahIM lgtaa| isa dRSTi se manuSya ko zastra rakhane kI svatantratA kabhI nahIM honI caahie| ye kucha kAraNa aise haiM, jinase pAzavika zaktiyAM bahuta tejI se ubhara rahI haiM jina para Aja gambhIratA se dhyAna diyA jAnA caahie| isa prakAra kI amAnavIya ghaTanAoM para anya rASTra kevala zAbdika saMvedana yA kheda taka sImita raheM, isase mujhe samasyA kA samAdhAna nahIM diikhtaa| ina durghaTanAoM ko tabhI rokA jA sakatA hai, javaki isake pratirodha meM prabala janamata taiyAra ho / saba rASTroM ko isa viSaya para bhI gambhIratA se socanA cAhie ki isa samaya vizva-vyavasthA meM mAnavIya bhAvanAoM ko punaH pratiSThita kaise kiyA jA sakatA hai| virodhI vicAra vAle vyakti ke prati sahiSNutA, udAratA aura saha-astitva Adi mAnavIya guNoM kA rAjanIti kI bhUmikA meM vidhivat prazikSaNa milanA caahie| isa prakAra ke samagra vAtAvaraNa kA dAyitva sabhI rASTroM para samAna rUpa se AtA hai| acchAI hara kisI deza kI lI jA sakatI hai, kintu Adarza vahI honA cAhie jo sarvAgatayA hitAvaha ho / amarIkA kI rAjanIti meM hatyAeM jaise prathA kA rUpa le rahI haiN| yogya aura udAra vyaktiyoM kA jInA saMdigdha-sA bana gayA hai| logoM ko laga rahA hai ki vahAM kI nItiyAM sar3a gayI haiM aura unameM se durgandha uTha rahI hai| vahAM kI jIne kI paddhati meM bahuta jaldI hI saMzodhana kI apekSA hai / isake sAtha hI una vyaktiyoM ko apane ciMtana meM parivartana karanA hogA, jo apane nirmANa kA Adarza amarIkAvAsiyoM ko mAna baiThe haiM / samaya rahate yadi aisA nahIM ho sakA to maiM socatA hUM, sAre vizva ke lie usakA pariNAma bhayaMkara ho sakatA hai| ___ amarIkA ne zikSA aura vijJAna ke kSetra meM jo pragati kI hai, use asvIkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, kintu usa kA mAnavIya pakSa durbala banatA jA rahA hai, yaha bahuta cintAjanaka sthiti hai| anya rASTroM ko cAhie ki bhautika

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12 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja vikAsa kI daur3a meM ve mAnavIya sahRdayatA, sahiSNutA aura saha-astitva kI bhAvanA kA kabhI avamUlyana na hone deN| manuSya yaMtra ke bala para nahIM, bhAvanA aura prema ke bala para jItA hai|

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AkrAmaka manovRtti ke hetu AkramaNa eka manovRtti hai / isakI utpatti meM aneka vastueM nimitta banatI haiN| bhaya kI preraNA se AkrAmaka manovRtti kA udbhava hotA hai / lobha, krodha, kSobha Adi vRttiyAM isakA hetu banatI haiN| kisI ko kSati pahuMcAne ke lie athavA apanI surakSA ke lie vyakti AkrAntA bana jAtA hai| vartamAna kI surakSA ke sAtha bhaviSya kI asurakSA se bacAva karane ke lie, apanI sukha-suvidhA ko vistAra dene ke lie, svatva apaharaNa kI bhAvanA se tathA sAmrAjya-lipsA se bhI manuSya AkrAmaka bana jAtA hai / sthAnAMga mUtra meM AkrAmaka manobhAvoM kA vizleSaNa karate hue likhA hai ---- vyakti cAra kAraNoM se prasarpaNa--vistAra yA phailAva karatA hai 1. anarjita sukhoM kA arjana karane ke lie| 2. ajita sukhoM kA saMrakSaNa karane ke lie| 3. anajita bhogoM kA arjana karane ke lie / 4. ajita bhogoM kA saMrakSaNa karane ke lie| aprApta kI prApti aura prApta kI surakSA manuSya kI pravRtti kA mUla hai| jo vyakti isa kAma meM sahAyaka banate haiM, unake sAtha usakI AtmIyatA bhI bar3ha jAtI hai| kintu jo vyakti thor3I bhI bAdhA pahuMcAne kI socate haiM, unake prati zatrutA kA bhAva paidA ho jAtA hai| zatrutA aura mitratA kI bheda-rekhA cintana aura vyavahAra meM bheda paidA karatI hai| svatva aura paratva kI yaha manovRtti hI manuSya ko AkrAntA banAtI hai| ___ koI deza, varga yA vyakti dUsare deza, varga aura vyakti ko anyAya sahane ke lie bAdhya karate haiM / kyA usa anyAya ke pratikAra meM khar3A hone vAlA vyakti AkrAntA kahalAegA ? vrata-svIkAra kI do sImAeM haiM-mahAvrata aura aNuvrata / mahAvrata kI paribhASA meM saba prakAra kA pramAda tyAjya hai| AkramaNa aura pratyAkramaNa donoM pramAda haiM / anukUla aura pratikUla sthitiyoM se prasatti aura vipatti kA anubhava pramAda hai / padArtha-jagat meM svatva aura paratva kI anubhUti pramAda hai / pramAda-mukta vyakti AkramaNa aura pratyAkramaNa donoM sthitiyoM se dUra rahatA hai| pramAda-mukti ke lie prayatnazIla vyakti AkramaNa aura pratyAkramaNa kI bhAvanA ko tyAjya mAnakara calatA hai|

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ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja eka aNuvratI isa sImA ko svIkAra karane meM sakSama nahIM hai / isalie vaha pratyAkramaNa kA apavAda rakhatA hai| 'pratyAkramaNa na karanA' eka Adarza hai / aNuvratI vyakti isa Adarza ko yathArtha mAnakara calatA hai, kintu kucha vyAvahArika kaThinAiyoM ko vaha usa AcAra meM lA nahIM sktaa| isalie usake saMkalpa kI bhASA yahI ho sakatI hai ki maiM kisI para AkramaNa nahIM karUMgA aura AkrAmakanIti kA samarthana bhI nahIM kruuNgaa| AkramaNa ke aneka prakAra haiN| sainika AkramaNa sthUla hai ata: vaha spaSTa hai / vyApArika, bauddhika, vaicArika aura vAcika AkramaNa bhI kama ghAtaka nahIM hai / vyApArika kSetra meM svatva-haraNa kiyA jAtA hai / yaha Aja kI jvalanta samasyA hai / eka deza ke vyakti dUsare deza meM vyApArika prabhutva jamA lete haiN| sthAnIya logoM kI sukha-suvidhAoM ko kSati pahuMcAkara vyavasAya bar3hAne vAle loga vyApArika kSetra meM AkrAntA kahalAte haiN| apanI AkrAmaka nIti se be loga dUsaroM ke manoM meM vaimanasya paidA karate haiM / isa vaimanasya se prAntIya samasyAeM muMha khola detI haiM / baMgAla, asama aura tamilanADu kI janatA meM vyavasAya ke kSetra meM bidroha kI Aga sulaga rahI hai / usake saMtrAsa ko miTAne kA ekamAtra hetu hai - vyavasAya kSetra se AkrAmaka nIti kA bahiSkAra / isa nIti kA bahiSkAra nahIM hogA to una logoM meM pratyAkaraNa kI bhAvanA aura adhika tIvratA se bar3hatI jaaegii| AkramaNa karanA aura AkrAmaka nIti kA samarthana karanA, ina donoM sthitiyoM meM koI antara hai kyA ? AkramaNa do prakAra se hotA hai-pratyakSa aura parokSa / kucha rASTra aura varga pratyakSa AkramaNa se bacate haiM kintu ve AkrAmaka nIti ke samarthana se lAbha uThAte haiM / unakA yaha parokSa AkramaNa adhika bhayaMkara hotA hai / aneka choTe rASTroM ke AkramaNa meM bar3e rASTroM kA hAtha rahatA hai| unakA samarthana aura sahayoga na ho to choTe rASTra adhika samaya taka lar3a hI nahIM skte| prAcIna samaya meM sainika AkramaNa ko acchA mAnA jAtA thaa| aneka rAjAoM ke digvijaya kI ghaTanAeM itihAsa meM surakSita haiN| vijaya prApta kara lauTane para unakI kIrti yatra-tatra phaila jAtI thii| unake virodha meM pradarzana karane vAlA athavA eka zabda bolane vAlA koI bhI vyakti nahIM milatA thaa| vijaya pAne ke lie zakti kA pUrA upayoga hotA thA / lUTamAra jaise kAryoM se janatA ko saMtrasta kiyA jAtA thaa| kintu jaba se rAjanayika vyaktiyoM ke vicAroM meM ahiMsA kA vikAsa hone lagA hai, unhoMne siddhAnta-rUpa meM AkramaNa ko burA vatAyA hai| rAjanIti meM ahiMsA kA praveza hone se sArvabhauma prabhusattA aura rASTrIya akhaNDatA ko sammAna prApta haA hai| bhAratIya rAjanIti meM svargIya pradhAna

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AkrAmaka manovRtti ke hetu maMtrI zrI javAharalAla neharU ne ahiMsA ko sthAna diyaa| unhone paMcazIla ke mAdhyama se saba rASTroM ke lie anAkramaNa kI AvazyakatA pratipAdita kI, jaise 1. eka-dUsare kI prAdezika yA bhaugolika akhaNDatA aura sArvabhaumatA kA sammAna / 2. AkramaNa na krnaa| 3. Arthika rAjanaitika athavA saiddhAntika kinhIM bhI kAraNoM se ekadUsare ke gharela mAmaloM meM hastakSepa na karanA / 4. samAnatA evaM paraspara lAbha / 5. zAntipUrNa sahaastitva / paMcazIla meM AkramaNa na karane kI vicAradhArA kA praveza rAjanIti ke kSetra meM ahiMsA kI bahuta bar3I saphalatA hai| yadyapi vaiyaktika svArtha-bhAvanA ko chor3akara isa nIti ko apanAnA bahuta kaThina hai, phira bhI siddhAntataH ise mAnyatA prApta ho cukI hai / AkramaNakArI pravRttiyoM meM spaSTa rUpa se pahala karane vAle rASTra bhI yahI siddha karate haiM ki hama AkrAntA nahIM haiM / apanI surakSA ke lie hameM pratyAkramaNa karanA par3a rahA hai / hama to zAnti cAhate haiM / yuddha meM jana aura dhana kI jo hAni hotI hai vaha rASTra ke vikAsa meM bAdhA hai / AkramaNa se kisI bhI rASTra kA hita nahIM sadha sktaa| ___ bAMDuMga sammelana meM inhIM tathyoM para vistAra se carcA huii| sammelana meM svIkRta siddhAntoM ko untIsa rASTroM kI sahamati milii| abhI hAla hI meM zimalA zikhara sammelana meM bhArata aura pAkistAna meM jo samajhautA huA hai usameM bhI AkrAmaka nIti kA bahiSkAra kiyA gayA hai / isa samajhaute meM bhArata ko apane svArthoM kA balidAna karanA par3A hai, para zAnti sthApanA ke lie isake atirikta koI mArga hI nahIM thA / samajhautA-vArtA ke kucha tathya ye haiM.-- (ka) donoM deza samajhaute, acche par3osIpana aura sthAyI zAnti ke lie vAyadA karate haiM ki zAntipUrNa sahaastitva, eka-dUsare kI kSetrIya akhaNDatA, prabhutvasampannatA tathA barAbarI va donoM ke lAbha ke AdhAra para Antarika mAmaloM meM hastakSepa na karane ke usUloM para kAma kreNge| (kha) ve eka-dUsare kI rASTrIya ekatA, kSetrIyatA, rAjanItika svatantratA aura samAnatA kA sadaiva sammAna kareMge / (ga) donoM deza saMyukta rASTrasaMgha ke ghoSaNA-patra ke anurUpa eka-dUsare kI kSetrIya akhaNDatA yA rAjanaitika svatantratA ke viruddha zakti kA pradarzana nahIM kareMge aura na hI aisA karane kI dhamakI deMge / ___ ina tathyoM ke AdhAra para siddha hotA hai ki kisI bhI kSetra meM AkrAmaka nIti kAmya nahIM hai| sahaastitva kI bhAvanA se AkrAntA manobhAvoM meM

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66 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja parivartana kiyA jA sakatA hai / rASTra hita kI dRSTi se AkramaNa kI nIti aura usakA samarthana -- donoM hI sthitiyAM acchI nahIM haiM / saha-astitva, samajhaute aura sauhArdamUlaka manovRtti se pArasparika tanAva ko samApta kara zAntipUrvaka rahA jA sakatA hai /

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hiMsA manuSya kA svabhAva nahIM hiMsA aura yuddha mAnava jAti kI sabase adhika bhayAvaha aura vidhvaMsAtmaka kriyAyeM haiM, aura hamAre matAnusAra hamArI yaha jimmedArI hai ki hama apaneapane kSetroM meM isa samasyA hetu jUjha pdd'eN| yaha mAnate hue ki vijJAna bhI manuSya kI eka sAMskRtika upaja mAtra hai, jo na pUrNataH vikasita hai aura na sarvavyApI hai, tathA speniza yUnesko tathA sevAila adhikAriyoM ke yogadAna ke lie kRtajJatA prakaTa karate hue, vizva ke cAroM ora se Aye hue tathA sambaddha vijJAnoM ke hama adhohastAkSarI vidvAn eka sthAna para ekatrita hokara hiMsA ke sambandha meM nimnAMkita bayAna jArI karate haiM / isa bayAna meM hama una asaMkhya jaivikI AviSkAroM ko bhI cunautI dete haiM, jinakA upayoga hamameM se aneka vyaktiyoM ne hiMsA aura yuddhoM ko ucita ThaharAne meM kiyA hai / cUMki uparyukta doSapUrNa khojoM se vartamAna meM nirAzAvAditA kA vAtAvaraNa banA hai ataH hamArA vinamra tarka hai ki ukta (jaivikI) doSapUrNa tathyoM ke bAre meM kiye gaye kathanoM ko khule rUpa se nakArane se antarrASTrIya zAnti varSa ko vizeSa bala milegaa| hiMsA aura yuddha ko nyAyocita siddha karane meM vaijJAnika AviSkAroM aura AMkar3oM kA kiyA gayA durupayoga naI bAta nahIM hai, yaha vartamAna vijJAna ke prArambhika kAla se hI calA A rahA hai| udAharaNArtha, vikAsa ke siddhAMta kA upayoga na kevala yuddha ko apitu nara-saMhAra, upanivezavAda aura kamajora vyaktiyoM ke damana ko bhI ucita siddha karane meM kiyA gayA hai| hama (isa sambandha meM) hamArI sthiti ko pAMca prastAvoM ke rUpa meM spaSTa kara denA cAhate haiM / hameM bhalI prakAra jJAta hai ki hiMsA aura yuddha se sambaddha anya vicAra-binduoM para bhI apanI-apanI vizeSa vidyAoM kI dRSTi se saphalatApUrvaka niSkarSa nikAle jA sakate haiM, kintu hama apane vicAra-maMthana ko yahAM sarvAdhika mahattva ke prathama caraNa taka hI sImita rakheMge / . yaha kahanA vaijJAnika dRSTi se pUrNataH galata aura bhrAmaka hai ki yuddha karane kI pravRtti hameM hamAre pazu-pUrvajoM se milI hai / yadyapi vibhinna pazu-prajAtiyoM meM pArasparika saMgharSa hotA calA AyA hai, sAmAnyataura para jIvanayApana karane vAlI pazu-prajAtiyoM kI saMgaThita Tukar3iyoM meM vinAzakArI antaryuddhoM ke bahuta thor3e udAharaNa hamAre sAmane Aye haiM, kintu unameM se kisI meM bhI hathiyAroM ke rUpa meM nirmita zastroM kA upayoga nahIM kiyA gayA hai / sAmAnya

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18 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja rUpa se eka dUsare ko bhojana ke rUpa meM bhakSaNa karane ko antaHprajAtIya hiMsA nahIM kahA jA sktaa| saMgrAma karanA kevala mAtra mAnavIya prapaMca hai, jisakA anya pazU-prajAtiyoM meM koI pracalana nahIM hai| __yaha tathya ki yuddha-kalA meM samaya bItane ke sAtha aneka parivartana Aye haiM, isa bAta kA pratIka hai ki yuddha saMskRti kI eka upaja mAtra hai| isakA jaivika sambandha mukhyata: bhASA ke mAdhyama se hai, jo jana-samudAyoM meM samanvaya sthApita karanA, yuddha kI takanIkI aura vibhinna hathiyAroM ke prayoga sambandhI jAnakArI kA sampreSaNa Adi kAryoM ko karatI hai| prANI-zAstra kI dRSTi se yuddha saMbhava hai, kintu avazyaMbhAvI nahIM, jinakA pramANa hameM samaya aura aMtarikSa para isakI prakRti aura ghaTanA kI vibhinnatA meM milatA hai / aisI bhI sAMskRtiyAM haiM, jinameM kaI zatAbdiyoM taka yuddha nahIM hue, to kucha saMskRtiyoM aisI haiM jinameM kinhIM khAsa samaya meM yuddha bAra-vAra lar3e gaye, to aisA samaya bhI AyA jisameM yuddha bilkula lar3e hI nahIM gye| yaha kahanA vaijJAnika dRSTi se bilkula galata hai ki yuddha yA anya hiMsaka vyavahAra manuSya kI vaMzAnugata prakRti hai| jabaki nAr3I-tantra kI kArya-praNAlI meM jInsa sabhI staroM para prabhAvI hote haiM, unameM vikAsa kI vaha kSamatA nihita hai, jo kevala paryAvaraNa aura sAmAjika vAtAvaraNa ke saMsarga meM Akara hI apane vAstavika svarUpa meM prakaTa hotI hai| jabaki, bhinna-bhinna vyaktiyoM kI pravRttiyAM unake anubhavoM se vibhinna rUpoM meM prabhAvita hotI rahatI haiM tathA unake vyaktitva ke nirdhAraka tattva unake vaMzAnugata guNoM aura pAlana-poSaNa kI sthitiyoM ke bIca kI antaHkriyA hotI haiM / yadi koI sAmAnya vikRti na ho, to jInsa manuSya kI pravRtti ko hiMsAtmaka nahIM banAte, na hI ve isake viparIta prabhAva dikhAte haiN| jInsa mAnava kI vyavahAragata kSamatAoM ke nirdhAraNa meM apanI bhUmikA avazya nibhAte haiM, kintu ve isake pariNAmoM kA bodha nahIM kraate| yaha bhI vaijJAnika dRSTi se galata hai ki mAnava vikAsa kI prakriyA meM hiMsAtmaka vyavahAra ko anya prakAra ke vyavahAroM kI tulanA meM pradhAnatA dI gaI hai| vibhinna prajAtiyoM ke adhyayana se yaha suspaSTa hai ki kisI bhI prANI kA usake samudAya meM sthAna isa bAta para nirbhara karatA hai ki kisa sImA taka vaha apane varga yA samudAya ko usakI vyavasthA ke anurUpa sahayoga dene evaM sAmAjika sevA ke kArya karane meM samartha hai| "prabhutva" meM sAmAjika bandhana evaM sAmAjika sambandha antargrasta hai jisakA tAtparya kevala ucca zArIrika zakti kA astitva aura prayoga mAtra nahIM hai| hAlAMki isameM AkrAmaka vyavahAra kA bhI samAveza hai| jahAM pazuoM meM AkrAmaka vyavahAra ke lie AnuvaMzika cayana kRtrima rUpa se sthApita kiyA gayA, usase ugratama AkrAmaka pazuoM kI utpati meM saphalatA milI hai| isase isa bAta kA patA calatA hai ki AkramaNazIlatA

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hisA manuSya kA svabhAva nahIM kA cayana svAbhAvika dazAoM meM adhikatama nahIM huA / jaba prayogasvarUpa utpanna kiye gaye isa prakAra ke ugratama AkrAmaka pazu kisI sAmAjika samUha meM vidyamAna haiM to ve yA to sAmAjika saMracanA ko chinna-bhinna kara dete haiM yA usase bAhara nikAla pheMka diye jAte haiM / isa prakAra hiMsA na to hamArI vikAsavAdI bapautI meM hai aura na hamAre jInsa meM / vaijJAnika dRSTi se yaha kahanA bhI galata hai ki mAnava-mastiSka hiMsaka hotA hai / yadyapi tAntrika upakaraNa hiMsaka kriyAeM kara sakatA hai, phira bhI yaha Antarika yA bAhya utprerakoM se svata: hI kriyAzIla nahIM ho jaataa| uccavargIya stanadhAriyoM ke samAna, parantu anya pazuoM se bhinna, hamAre nAr3I-saMsthAna kI ucca prakriyAeM isa prakAra ke utprerakoM kA srAva unakI kriyAnviti se pahale hI kara detI hai| hamArI kriyAoM kA svarUpa hamArI paristhitiyoM evaM samAjIkaraNa dvArA nirdhArita hotA hai| hamAre nAr3Iya zarIra-saMsthAna meM aisI koI bAta nahIM hai jo hameM hiMsAtmaka kriyA yA pratikriyA karane ko bAdhya karatI yaha bhI vaijJAnika dRSTi se truTipUrNa hai ki yuddha kA kAraNa hamArI usa ora mUla pravRtti kA honA hai yA koI ekala abhipreraNA hai| Adhunika yuddhakauzala kA AvirbhAva bhAvanAtmaka evaM abhipreraka kArakoM ke Adhipatya se saMjJAnAtmaka kArakoM ke Adhipatya taka eka yAtrA hai| Adhunika yuddha meM vaiyaktika guNoM-jaise AjJApAlana, sujhAva, AdarzavAditA, sAmAjika-kauzala-jaise bhASA; tarkasaMgata vicAra jaise lAgata anumAna, niyojana evaM sUcanA-saMsAdhana Adi ke saMsthAgata prayoga kA samAveza hai| Adhunika yuddha kI takanIka meM vAstavika yoddhAoM ke prazikSaNa yA yuddha meM sahayoga dene hetu Ama vyakti ko taiyAra karane kI prakriyA meM hiMsA se sambaddha lakSaNoM ko bahuta bar3hA-car3hA diyA jAtA hai| isa atiraJjanA ke pariNAmasvarUpa ina lakSaNoM ko usa prakriyA kA pariNAma mAnane ke bajAya usakA kAraNa mAna liyA jAtA hai / ___ataeva hamArA niSkarSa hai ki prANIzAstra mAnavatA ko yuddha kA doSI nahIM ThaharAtA tathA use jaivika nirAzAvAda ke dAsatva se mukta karavAkara usameM itanA Atma-vizvAsa bharA jA sakatA hai ki vaha isa antarrASTrIya zAnti varSa aura AgAmI varSoM meM rUpAntarakArI kAryoM kA niSpAdana kara sake / yadyapi ye kArya saMsthAgata evaM sAmUhika haiM, ye saMbhAgiyoM kI antazcetanA para AdhArita haiM, jinake lie nirAzAvAda aura AzAvAda nirNAyaka tattva haiN| jaise ki yuddha mAnava mastiSka meM prArambha hote haiM, zAnti bhI mastiSka se hI prArambha hotI hai| jisa jAti ne yuddha kA AviSkAra kiyA, vahI zAnti kA AviSkAra karane meM sakSama hai / isakI jimmedArI hamameM se pratyeka vyakti para hai|

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900 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja hastAkSarakartA: 1. David Adams, Psychology, Wesleyan University, Middletown (CT) USA. 2. S.A. Barnett, Ethology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia. 3. N.P. Bechtereva, Neurophysiology, Institute for Experimental Medicine, Academy of Medical Sciences of USSR, Leningrad, USSR. 4. Bonnie Frank Carter, Psychology, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia (PA) USA. 5. Jose M. Rodriquez Delgado, Neurophysiology, Centro de Estudios Neurobiologieos, Madrid, Spain. 6. Joes Luis Diaz, Ethology, Instituto Maxicano de Psiquiatria, Mexico D.F., Mexico. 7. Andrzej Eliasz, Individual Differences Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland. 8. Santiago Genoves, Biological Anthropology, Instituto de Estudios Anthropologicos, Mexico D.F. Mexico. 9. Benson E. Ginsburg, Behavior Genetics, University of Connecticut. Storrs (CT) USA. 10. Jo Groebel, Social Psychology, Erziehungswissens chaftliche Hochschule, Landau, Federal Republic of Germany. 11. Samir Kumar Ghosh, Sociology, Indian Institute of Human Sciences, Calcutta, India. 12. Robert Hinde, Animal Behavior, Cambridge Univer sity, U.K. 13. Richard E. Leakey, Physical Anthropology, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya. 14. Taha H. Malasi, Psychiatry, Kuwait University, Kuwait 15. J. Martin Ramirej, Psychobiology, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain. 16. Federico Mayor Zaragoza, Biochemistry, Universidad Autonoma, Madrid, Spain. 17. Diana L. Mendoza, Ethology, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain. 18. Ashis Nandy, Political Psychology, Center for the Study of Developing Societies, Delhi, India. 19. John Paul Scott, Animal Behavior, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green (OH) USA. 20. Riitta Wahlstrom, Psychology, University of Jyvaskyla Finaland.

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mana se bhI hotI hai hiMsA hiMsA eka samasyA hai / yaha aisI samasyA hai, jo atIta meM thI, vartamAna meM hai aura anAgata meM nahIM hogI, aisA vizvAsa nahIM hai| hiMsA kaba hotI hai, kyoM hotI hai, kaise hotI hai aura isakI pariNati kisa rUpa meM hotI hai ? ye sAre savAla samAdhAna kI rozanI cAhate haiM / hiMsA hone kA koI kAla nirdhArita nahIM hotaa| vaha kabhI bhI aura kahIM bhI ghaTita ho sakatI hai, kyoMki hiMsA kA upAdAna AdamI ke bhItara rahatA hai| choTA-sA nimitta milate hI vaha ubharakara bAhara A jAtA hai| Dhera sAre ghAsa meM eka choTI-sI cinagArI rakha dI jAe to pUrI ghAsa bhasmasAt ho jAtI hai| hiMsA kI Aga bhI choTA-sA nimitta milate hI bhabhaka uThatI hai / usa Aga para kAbU pAnA kaThina ho jAtA hai / hiMsA hone kA mUlabhUta kAraNa hai-hiMsA ke sNskaar| ve saMskAra eka janma se nahIM, janma-janma se saMcita hote haiN| apane vicAroM aura hitoM ke pratikUla bAta sAmane Ane para ve saMskAra uttejita hote haiN| uttejanA apane Apa meM hiMsA hai| usake kAraNa hiMsA kA sthUla rUpa bhI sAmane A jAtA hiMsA zastra se hI ho, yaha Avazyaka nahIM hai| mana se hiMsA ho sakatI hai, vANI se hiMsA ho sakatI hai, zarIra se hiMsA ho sakatI hai| rAjanaitika mAhaula meM hiMsA ho sakatI hai / vacArika evaM vyAvasAyika stara para hiMsA ho sakatI hai / sAmAjika saMdarbho meM hiMsA ho sakatI hai aura sAmpradAyikatA ke AdhAra para bhI hiMsA bhar3aka sakatI hai| hiMsA kI yAtrA ke lie itane rAste khule hue haiM ki unako samajha pAnA bhI kaThina hai| kisI vyakti ko apane adhIna banAnA, usa para hukamata calAnA, use satAnA, mAnasika yAtanA denA Adi saba hiMsA kI pariNatiyAM haiN| isakI sabase adhika sthUla pariNati hai-praann-viyojn| kisI ajanabI vyakti kI Akasmika mRtyu dekhakara bhI saMvedanazIla vyakti kA mana udvelita ho jAtA hai / aisI sthiti meM begunAha logoM ko jAnabUjhakara mauta ke ghATa utAranA samUcI mAnava jAti meM dahazata paidA karanA hai| mere abhimata se yaha krUratA kI parAkASThA hai| yaha krUratA bhI eka prakAra kI madirA hai, jo vyakti kI karuNA kA rasa sokhakara use mAnava se dAnava banA detI hai / prAcInakAla meM surA ke tIna rUpa mAnya the

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102 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja pramadA madirA lakSmI vijJeyA trividhA surA / dRSTvaivonmAdayedekA pItA cAnyAtisaMgrahAt // surA ke tIna rUpa haiM-strI, madirA aura lakSmI / strI meM itanA nazA hotA hai ki vaha use dekhane vAle ko dekhane mAtra se unmatta banA detI hai| madirA kA nazA use pIne ke bAda car3hatA hai aura lakSmI kA nazA usakA atisaMgraha hone para car3hatA hai / ina tInoM kI mAdakatA manuSya kA anubhUta satya hai| kucha cIjeM inase bhI adhika mAdaka haiN| ahaM kI mAdakatA, krUratA kI mAdakatA Adi ko isI koTi meM liyA jA sakatA hai| eka aura mAdakatA hai isa saMsAra meN| vaha hai sAmpradAyikatA kI mAdakatA / sampradAya kI sRSTi bahuta hI UMce uddezyoM se huI hogI para jisa rUpa meM isakA istemAla ho rahA hai, vaha rUpa bahuta hI vikRta hai, bhaddA hai / use dekhakara lagatA hai ki sampradAya kA astitva meM AnA hI eka bar3I bhUla thii| dUsarI bhUla ho rahI hai dharma aura sampradAya ko eka samajhane kI / sampradAyasampradAya hai aura dharma-dharma hai, isa bAta ko ve samajha sakate haiM, jo rasa aura chilake ke astitva ko unakI upayogitA ke saMdarbha meM dekhate haiN| __ sAmpradAyikatA bhI hiMsA kA eka kAraNa hai| sAmpradAyika hiMsA kI paramparA nayI nahIM hai| vizva kA itihAsa aisI bhayaMkara durghaTanAoM se bharA par3A hai, jo sAmpradAyika hiMsA kA dastAveja hai| bhinna-bhinna dharma-sampradAyoM ke bIca hue saMgharSa aura unake duSpariNAma jitane ghAtaka rahe haiM, eka hI dharma ko mAnane vAle sampradAyoM kI hiMsA bhI kama ghAtaka nahIM hai / eka ora vaidika saMskRti evaM zramaNa saMskRti ke bIca hiMsA kI Aga prajvalita kI gaI, vahAM dUsarI ora AryasamAjI aura sanAtanI, digambara aura zvetAmbara, siyA aura sunnI, proTesTeMTa aura kaitholika Adi eka hI dhArmika vizvAsa rakhane vAlI do-do zAkhAoM meM jamakara saMgharSa huaa| aise saMgharSa ke samaya asAmAjika tattvoM ko khulakara khelane kA maukA milatA hai| asAmAjika tattvoM athavA sAmpradAyika tattvoM dvArA zurU kI gaI isa lar3AI kA anta hotA hai hiMsA meM, bikharAva meM, vaimanasya meM aura lokajIvana ko asta-vyasta karane meM / galata tattva apanA prayojana siddha hone ke bAda bhUmigata ho jAte haiM, badanAmI kA tilaka nikalatA hai dharma ke mAthe para, jabaki saMsAra kA koI bhI dharma hiMsA ko prazraya de hI nahIM sktaa| hindustAna aneka bAra sAmpradAyika hiMsA kA zikAra huA hai / isa deza kI zAntipriya janatA ko sAmpradAyika unmAda ke hAdase dekhane par3e haiN| Aja bhI deza meM yatra-tatra jo hiMsaka vAradAteM ho rahI haiM, kyA unameM janatA kI preraNA hai ? janatA zAnti se jInA cAhatI hai| usake zAMti-sarovara meM kaMkar3apatthara pheMkakara taraMgeM uThAne vAle ve loga haiM, jo sAmpradAyika mAnasikatA ke

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mana se bhI hotI hai hiMsA dAsa haiN| jaba-jaba unake dimAga para sAmpradAyika mAdakatA kA prabhAva ghanIbhUta hotA hai, ve ghAsaphUsa ke Dhera meM cinagArI lagAkara svayaM chipa jAte haiN| aise loga manuSyoM ke hatyAre to haiM hI, mAnavIya mUlyoM ke bhI hatyAre haiN| mujhe lagatA hai ki yaha sAmpradAyikatA kI mAdakatA sabase bhayaMkara mAdakatA hai / isa satya ko loga samajheM, sAmpradAkitA kI jar3oM ko ukhAr3eM, eka sthira evaM nizcita bhaviSya ko saMvArane kA saMkalpa leN| bar3hatI huI hiMsA kI samasyA kA yaha sarvAdhika sarala samAdhAna hai|

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sAmudAyika jIvana aura sahiSNutA sAmudAyika jIvana eka kaThora sAdhanA hai| jise sAdhanA kA abhyAsa nahIM hai, vaha samUha kA jIvana nahIM jI sktaa| akele meM na koI zabda, na koI kalaha aura na koI saMgharSa / eka se do aura do se adhika hote hI ina saba kA prArambha ho jAtA hai| phira prArambha hotA hai tanAva, vaimanasya, vaira aura virodha / yaha sAmudAyika jIvana kA eka pahalU hai| isakA dUsarA pahalU hai--sahayoga, saumanasya aura upyogitaa| inakA AdhArabhUta tattva hai-sahiSNutA / sahiSNutA sAmudAyika jIvana kA eka alaMkaraNa hai / choTe aura bar3e sabhI kahate haiM-sahana karanA siikho| para saha-astitva, sApekSatA aura sAmudAyikatA kI cetanA jAge binA sahiSNutA phalita nahIM hotii| anyAya ke pratikAra kA nirdoSa upAya prazna hotA hai-kyA anyAya ko bhI sahana kareM ? nyAya ko sahana karanA bhI kaThina kAma hai| phira yaha parAmarza kaise diyA jAe ki Apa anyAya ko sahana kreN| yaha parAmarza diyA jA sakatA hai ki nyAya ke sAtha anyAya na kreN| anyAya kA pratikAra karanA Avazyaka hai| vaha sahiSNutA ke sAtha hI kiyA jA sakatA hai| asahiSNutA ke sAtha anyAya kA pratikAra karanA eka anyAya ko janma denA hai| anyAya ke pratikAra kA nirdoSa upAya hai-sahiSNutA kA prayoga / anyAya ko sahana karanA durbalatA hai / anyAya ke prati apanI ora se anyAya na ho--yaha viveka hai / isa viveka-cetanA ke dvArA anyAya kA sahI DhaMga se pratikAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| anyAya kA pratikAra eka samartha vyakti hI kara sakatA hai| sahiSNutA kA artha hai--sAmarthyapUrNa samAyojana / saMvega niyaMtraNa se hI sahiSNutA kA vikAsa ___ sahiSNutA kA artha hai-zaktizAlI honaa| Adi se anta taka zaktizAlI vahI ho sakatA hai, jisakA apane saMvegoM para niyantraNa hotA hai / sahiSNutA kA artha hai-saMvega para niyantraNa / isake abhAva meM kisI ko koI sahana nahIM krtaa| ziSya guru kI sIkha ko sahana nahIM karatA aura putra pitA kI sIkha ko pasanda nahIM krtaa| bayA ne bandara ko sIkha dI varSA ho rahI hai| kAMpa rahe ho| eka jhoMpar3I banA lo| phira ArAma se raha sakoge / sIkha acchI thii| bayA jaisA choTA prANI bandara ko sIkha de, kyA yaha ThIka hai ? bandara kA pArA car3ha gyaa| jhoMpar3I to nahIM bnaaii| bayA ke ghoMsale ko ujAr3a diyaa|

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sAmudAyika jIvana aura sahiSNutA 105 bandara eka jAnavara hai| usameM saMvega para niyantraNa karane kI kSamatA vikasita nahIM hai aura use niyaMtraNa kA prazikSaNa bhI nahIM diyA jA sktaa| isalie vaha aisA kara sakatA hai| kyA AdamI aisA nahIM kara sakatA ? jisa AdamI ko saMvega-niyaMtraNa kA prazikSaNa nahIM milA hai, vaha bhI acchI sIkha sunakara apane ghara kA nirmANa nahIM karatA, sIkha dene vAle ke ghara ko ujAr3a sakatA hai| asahayoga bhI sahiSNutA hai sahiSNutA kA eka artha hai-asahayoga / na pravRtti aura na nivRtti, kiMtu upekSA krnaa| upekSA kA artha hai asahayoga / gAMdhIjI ne asahayoga kA AMdolana claayaa| zAsanataMtra Thappa ho gayA / gAlI ke prati gAlI dene kA matalaba hai gAlI dene vAle kA sahayoga krnaa| krodha ke prati krodha karane kA matalaba hai krodha karane vAle kA sahayoga krnaa| krodha karane vAle kI upekSA karo, usakA krodha Age nahIM bddh'egaa| gAlI dene vAle kI upekSA karo, usakI gAlI Age nahIM bddh'egii| mauta kA bhaya sabase bar3A bhaya hai| jo mauta se DaratA hai, vaha mauta kA sahayoga karatA hai / jo mauta ke bhaya se mukta ho jAtA hai, vaha usase sahayoga nahIM krtaa| sahayoga karane vAlA mauta ko jaldI bulAvA detA hai aura asahayoga karane vAlA pUrNa Ayu ko jI sakatA hai| sahiSNutA kA artha hai---sudhAra ke lie avasara denaa| guru kabhI-kabhI ziSya ke avinaya ko sahana kara lete haiN| pitA kabhI-kabhI putra kI tucchatA ko saha letA hai / isakA artha kamajorI nahIM, sudharane kA avasara denA hai / jo bar3e loga sahana karanA nahIM jAnate, ve sAmudAyika jIvana jIne kI kalA ko nahIM jAnate / ve parivAra yA samudAya ko sAtha lekara calanA nahIM jAnate / sAmudAyika jIvana : mahAn prayoga sAmudAyika jIvana apane Apa meM eka bar3A prayoga hai| koI vyakti himAlaya kI guphA meM akelA baiThA hai / vaha akelA hI hai| vahAM sahiSNutA kI kasauTI nahIM ho sktii| sahiSNutA kI kasauTI samAja meM hotI hai / jo samAja meM rahe aura akelepana kI anubhUti ke sAtha jie, vahI sahiSNu ho sakatA hai / adhyAlma kA sUtra hai--akelepana kI anubhUti / upAdhyAya vinayavijaya ne usakA citraNa ina zabdoM meM kiyA hai eka utpadyate tanumAneka eva vipadyate / eka eva hi karma cinute, saikakaH phalamaznute // vyakti akelA AtA hai, akelA jAtA hai| akelA karma kA saMcaya karatA hai aura akelA hI usakA phala bhogatA hai / isa adhyAtma-sUtra meM rahanA aura vyavahAra meM jInA--yaha anekAnta hai / hama raheM apane Apa meM aura jieM

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106 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja vyavahAra meM, tabhI zAnta sahavAsa ho sakatA hai, sAmudAyika jIvana svastha bana sakatA hai| virodha : avirodha anekAnta ne eka sUtra diyA vaicArika sahiSNutA kaa| hameM bahuta sAre vicAra virodhI pratIta hote haiN| virodhI vicAra ko sahana na karanA hamArI prakRti bana gaI aura isalie bana gaI ki hama anekAnta kA marma nahIM jAnate / hameM satya kI pahacAna bhI nahIM hai| anekAnta kA tAtparya hai virodha meM avirodha kI khoja / koI virodha aisA nahIM hai jisake tala meM avirodha na ho| koI avirodha bhI aisA nahIM hai, jisake tala meM virodha na ho| virodha aura avirodha-donoM eka sAtha rahate haiN| isa avasthA meM hama kevala virodha ko pakar3akara asahiSNu kyoM baneM ? nayavAda : rAga-dveSa mukta dRSTikoNa mahAvIra ne do nayoM kA pratipAdana kiyA-dravyAthika aura paryAyAthika / eka vicAra hai-AtmA karma kA kartA hai aura usake phala kA bhoktA hai| dUsarA vicAra hai-AtmA karma kA kartA hai para phala kA bhoktA nahI hai| donoM virodhI vicAra haiM aura donoM hI satya haiN| dravyAthika naya isa dRSTi ko mAnyatA detA hai-jo kartA hai, vahI bhoktA hai / paryAyAthika naya kA dRSTikoNa isase bhinna hai| usake anusAra karma kA kartA anya hotA hai aura use bhogane vAlA koI anAgata hogaa| nayavAda rAga-dveSa se mukta rahane kA dRSTikoNa hai| jahAM satya hai, vahAM rAga-dveSa ke lie avakAza nahIM hai| jahAM rAga-dveSa hai, vahAM satya ke lie avakAza nahIM hai| AdamI kA AkarSaNa rAga-dveSa meM adhika hai, lar3AI-jhagar3oM meM adhika hai| kabhI-kabhI maiM socatA hUM-yadi vaicArika Agraha nahIM hotA, mAnyatAoM kI khIMcAtAnI nahIM hotI to dina aura rAta kaise bItatA / caubIsa ghaNTA kA samaya bahuta bar3A samaya hai| nIMda kA samaya adhika se adhika ATha ghaMTA mAna leM / do ghaMTe kA samaya zarIra-caryA kA aura ATha ghaMTe kA samaya kAma-kAja kA, phira bhI chaha ghanTe kA samaya zeSa raha jAtA hai| yaha kaise bItatA ? rAga-dveSa kI ghur3adaur3a itanI AkarSaNa hai ki use dekhate-dekhate palabhara meM samaya bIta jAtA hai| AkarSaNa isake sAtha jur3A huA hai, phira sahiSNutA kI bAta kaise Age bar3he? sahiSNutA ke sUtra asahiSNutA jinheM satA rahI hai, mAnasika tanAva bar3ha rahA hai, bhAvanAeM uddIpta ho rahI haiM, ve loga zAMti kI khoja meM nikala par3ate haiM / unake lie sahiSNutA kI sAdhanA eka samAdhAna hai / sahiSNutA ke lie dRSTikoNa ko

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sAmudAyika jIvana aura sahiSNutA 107 samyak banAnA jarUrI hai| eka zikArI zikAra karane gyaa| dRSTi kamajora thii| sAmane zikAra ko dekha golI claaii| apane sahAyaka se pUchA-golI kisa jAnavara para lgii| sahAyaka bolA--mahAzaya! eka per3a para lagI hai / dRSTikoNa sahI nahIM hai to jAnavara aura per3a meM koI pharka nahIM rhtaa|| sahiSNutA kA pahalA sUtra banatA hai-samyag dRssttikonn| dUsarA sUtra banatA hai--sahAsikA-eka sAtha baiThanA / samasyA ko sulajhAne ke lie eka maMca para eka sAtha baiThanA Avazyaka hotA hai| tIsarA sUtra hai-eka dUsare ko samajhane kA prayatna / samajha kI dUrI vyaktiyoM meM dUrI paidA kara detI hai| pArasparika samajha dUrI miTA detI hai / vyavasthA bhaMga karane vAle kI sahiSNutA TUTa jAtI hai / vaha dUsaroM kI sahiSNutA meM bhI bAdhA pahuMcAtA hai| vizvazAMti kA darzana : sahiSNutA sahiSNutA mAnasika zAMti kA darzana hai| yahI vizvazAMti kA darzana hai| vyakti azAnta hai to vizvazAnti nahIM ho sktii| mana azAnta hai to vizvazAnti nahIM ho sakatI / sahiSNutA kI pahalI bhUmikA hai-paristhitiyoM ko jhelnaa| dUsarI bhUmikA hai-dUsare vyakti ko sahana krnaa| tIsarI bhUmikA hai-apane se bhinna vicAroM ko sahana krnaa| cauthI bhUmikA hai-rAga aura dveSa kI taMragoM kA sAmanA karanA, unase parAjita na honaa| yaha mArga rAga se vItarAgatA kI ora jAne kA mArga hai| jo vyakti jitanA vItarAga, utanA anekaantii| jo vyakti jitanA vItarAga, utanA ahiMsaka / jo vyakti jitanA vItarAga, utanA sahiSNu / anekAnta, ahiMsA aura sahiSNutA ko kabhI bAMTA nahIM jA sktaa|

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mAnavikI paryAvaraNa meM asaMtulana eka cInI kahAvata hai ki eka puruSa ko zikSita karo to eka jana zikSita hotA hai, para eka strI ko zikSita karo to pUrA vaMza zikSita hotA hai| isI prakAra kI vicAradhArA thI hamAre svargIya pUjya gurudeva kAlagaNI kii| ve mahilAoM ko gahare dhArmika saMskAra dene ke pakSa meM the| unakI dRSTi meM eka saMskArI mahilA pUre parivAra kI dhurI bana sakatI thii| rUsa ke krAMtikArI netA lenina kA vicAra thA ki mahilAoM kA sAmAjika, mAnasika uddhAra kie binA samAjavAda ke nirmANa kA kAma nahIM ho sktaa| Aja hamAre deza meM rAjanIti ke jharokhoM se samAjavAdI havAeM praveza kara cukI haiN| samAjavAda kI sthApanA aura vikAsa ke lie nArebAjI ho rahI hai, bhASaNabAjI ho rahI hai aura nayI-nayI yojanAeM bhI bana rahI haiM, para jaba taka mahilAoM ko sAtha lekara isa dizA meM prasthAna nahIM hogA, samAjavAda kA nArA zabdoM kI giraphta se mukta hokara lokajIvana meM nahIM utara skegaa| bhAratavarSa meM strI aura puruSa ko lekara dohare mAnadaNDa pracalita haiN| saMvidhAna meM strI ko ve sabhI adhikAra prApta haiM, jo eka puruSa ko hote haiM / kintu vyavahAra ke dharAtala para strI kA pariveza bahuta sImita pratIta hotA hai| sAmAnyataH strI aura puruSa ke lie kAryakSetra kA vibhAjana thaa| strI ghara ko saMbhAlatI aura puruSa ghara se bAhara kAma karatA / vaise ghara saMbhAlanA bhI koI choTA kAma nahIM hai| para use sAmAjika mUlya kama milA to strI ne ghara se bAhara paga uThA liye / vicArazIla loga isa prasthAna se sahamata the, kintu paramparAvAdI logoM ko yaha sahana nahIM huaa| unhoMne kahanA zurU kiyA'aurata ko apanI aukAta se bAhara kAma nahIM karanA cAhie / vaha gRhiNI hai, adhikAriNI nahIM hai jo manamarjI kucha bhI karatI rahe / strI puruSa ke adhIna rahakara hI surakSita raha sakatI hai| pArivArika aura sAmAjika muddoM para chir3I yaha bahasa strI kI soca aura kSamatA ko bhI apane bhItara lIlatI gii| samAna zrama aura samAna vetana kI bAta siddhAMtataH svIkRta hone para bhI strI ko puruSa kI tulanA meM kama vetana milatA hai| vikAsa ke kucha aise avasaroM kA lAbha strI ko isalie nahIM milatA ki vaha strI hai| yaha kaisI viDambanA hai ! kaI parivAroM meM beTI ko beTe kI taraha pAlane taka kI mAnasikatA nahIM hai / isa mAnasikatA kA romAMcakArI udAharaNa hai, kanyA bhrUNa kI bar3hatI huI htyaa|

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mAnavikI paryAvaraNa meM asaMtulana 106 I eka samaya thA jaba santAna kI prApti meM manuSya parAdhIna thA / santAna kyA ho ? kaisI ho ? isa sambandha meM kisI kA koI hastakSepa nahIM hotA thA / jaba se 'TesTa TyUba bebI' astitva meM AI hai, prajanana vijJAna meM naye-naye anusaMdhAna hone lage haiM / aise hI eka anusaMdhAna se garbhastha zizu ke liMga kA jJAna kiyA jAtA hai | liMga kI pahacAna karAne vAlI paddhati kA nAma hai, 'emino siMthesisa' / isa paddhati ke vikAsa kA uddezya thA - garbhastha zizu meM upasthita viSamatAoM kA adhyayana / usa adhyayana se zizu kI apaMgatA, mAnasika asaMtulana, AnuvaMzika bImArI Adi kA patA lagAkara usakA upacAra karane kI bAta pramukha thI / kintu yaha bAta gauNa ho gaI aura pramukha lakSya bana gayA garbhastha zizu ke liMga kA jJAna / cikitsaka 'emino sithesisa' dvArA garbha parIkSaNa kara batA dete haiM ki garbha meM lar3akA hai yA lar3akI / lar3akI hotI hai to garbha samApana karA liyA jAtA hai / bambaI mahAnagara meM hue eka sarve ke anusAra ninnAnave pratizata garbha samApana kanyA bhrUNoM kA hotA hai / yaha nArI zoSaNa kA Adhunika vaijJAnika rUpa hai / isameM kanyAbhrUNa kI hatyA kA adhika dAyitva usakI mAM kA hotA hai / mAM kI mamatA kA eka rUpa to vaha thA, jaba vaha apane vikalAMga, vikSipta aura bImAra bacce kA AkhirI sAMsa taka pAlana karatI thI / parivAra ke kisI bhI sadasya dvArA kI gaI usakI upekSA se mAM pUrI taraha se Ahata ho jAtI thI / vahI bhAratIya mAM apane ajanme abola zizu ko apanI sahamati se samApta kara detI hai / kyoM ? isalie nahIM ki vaha vikalAMga hai, vikSipta hai, bImAra hai / para isalie ki vaha eka lar3akI hai / kyA usakI mamatA kA srota sUkha gayA hai ? kanyA bhrUNoM kI bar3hatI huI hatyA eka ora manuSya ko nRzaMsa karAra de rahI hai, to dUsarI ora striyoM kI saMkhyA meM bhArI kamI se mAnavikI paryAvaraNa meM bhArI asaMtulana kA khatarA utpanna kara rahI hai / kanyA bhrUNa kI hatyA mahilA jAti kI avamAnanA hai aura prakRti ke santulana ko bigAr3ane kA eka aisA prayAsa hai, jo sIdhA logoM kI AMkha para nahIM AtA / isa amAnavIya aura ghAtaka pravRtti ko rokane ke lie dhArmika sAmAjika evaM rAjanaitika- sabhI saMgaThanoM ko sammilita abhiyAna calAne kI jarUrata hai| jJAta huA ki mahArASTra meM garbhastha zizu ke liMga kA patA karane vAlI sabhI takanIkoM para kAnUnI roka lagA dI gii| mahArASTra ke svAsthya rAjya maMtrI ne isa silasile meM vidhAnasabhA meM adhyAdeza peza kiyA thA / isa kAnUna ke banane se vahAM strIbhrUNa hatyAoM para svataH roka laga gaI hai / dekhanA yaha hai ki aba kitane rAjya mahArASTra kA anukaraNa kara isa mAnavIya abhiyAna meM apanI sAjhedArI nibhAte haiM / kAnUna banane ke bAda kanyA bhrUNoM kI hatyA ruka hI jAegI, aisA

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110 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja mAnanA bhI yathArtha se AMkha mUMdanA hai| kyoMki jaba taka logoM kI mAnasikatA nahIM badalegI, gairakAnUnI taura para aise hAdase hote rheNge| ikkIsavIM sadI kI ora bar3hate deza kI yaha paMgu mAnasikatA kyA ise pIche ghasITa kara aThArahavIM zatAbdI meM nahIM le jAegI?

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yuddha aura zAnti

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yuddha kI saMskRti kaise panapatI hai ? hiMsA aura ahiMsA kA dvaMdva nayA nahIM hai / hiMsA kA itihAsa jitanA purAnA hai, ahiMsA kA itihAsa usase kama prAcIna nahIM hai / eka hI vyakti meM hiMsA aura ahiMsA - donoM ke saMskAra hote haiM / hiMsA ke saMskAra prabala hote haiM taba ahiMsA kA teja maMda ho jAtA hai / ahiMsA ke saMskAra sakriya rahate haiM taba hiMsA mauna ho jAtI hai| hiMsA ke upAdAna vyakti ke bhItara haiM, usI prakAra ahiMsA ke upAdAna bhI bhItara haiM / jisa samaya hiMsA ke upAdAna ko prabala nimitta milatA hai, vyakti hiMsaka ho uThatA hai / jisa samaya ahiMsA kA srota gatizIla rahatA hai, vyakti samabhAva meM ramaNa karane lagatA hai / koI bhI vyakti hiMsaka yA ahiMsaka kyoM banatA hai ? isa tathya ko ujAgara karane ke lie usakI manovRttiyoM kA vizleSaNa karanA Avazyaka hai athavA usake mastiSka meM rahe hiMsA aura ahiMsA ke srotoM ko samajhanA jarUrI hai / hiMsA jIvana kI anivAryatA hai to ahiMsA pavitra jIvana kI anivAryatA hai / pavitra jIvana kI AkakSAMta rakhane vAlA vyakti kabhI bhI hiMsA kI parikramA nahIM kara sakatA / jIvana calAne ke lie aparihArya hiMsA se vaha baca nahIM sakatA para usakA Adarza ahiMsA hai / vaha ahiMsA - pradhAna jIvana zailI meM AsthA rakhatA hai aura apanI AsthA ko AcaraNa meM pratibimbata karane ke lie prayAsa karatA rahatA hai / prayAsa ke prathama AcaraNa meM vaha saMkalpajA hiMsA chor3atA hai, dUsare caraNa meM virodhajA hiMsA se dUra hotA hai aura tIsare caraNa meM ArambhajA hiMsA se bhI mukta ho jAtA hai / hiMsA bhI spRhaNIya pratibaddha hotA hai, vaha parivAra, samAja aura ahiMsA kI dRSTi se AraMbhajA aura virodhajA nahIM haiN| para jo vyakti parivAra, samAja aura rASTra se hiMsA se sarvathA virata nahIM ho sakatA / jisake mana meM rASTra kI mUrchA hai, jo inake lie parigraha kA arjana aura saMgraha karatA hai, vaha anAyAsa hI hiMsA se jur3a jAtA hai / parigraha aura hiMsA eka hI samasyA ke do chora haiM / eka chora jaba taka nahIM chUTatA hai, taba taka dUsare chora se chUTane kA prayAsa bhI saphala nahIM ho pAtA / hiMsA se sarvathA mukta hone ke lie parigraha kI cetanA ko samApta karanA hogA / parigraha se pratibaddha jIvana jIne vAlA vyakti bhI saMkalpajA hiMsA se bacatA rahe to aneka ulajhanoM ko TAlA jA sakatA hai / hiMsA kA udbhava asahiSNutA se hotA hai / yaha mAnasika, vAcika

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114 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja aura kAyika tInoM prakAra kI hotI hai / jaba taka yaha mana ke dharAtala para rahatI hai, vyavahAra dUSita nahIM hotA / vacana kA viSaya banate hI yaha sadbhAva kA lopa kara detI hai| sadbhAva khaNDita hone ke bAda aneka prakAra se bhaya aura AzaMkAeM janma le letI haiM / bhayabhIta vyakti saha-astitva ke siddhAnta ko bhUla jAtA hai| use cAroM ora se AkramaNa kI saMbhAvanA becaina banA detI hai / isa sthiti meM vaha na to kisI kA vizvAsa karatA hai aura na kisI ke sAtha rahane meM apane astitva kI surakSA dekhatA hai| ahiMsA ke azva para ArUr3ha hone ke lie abhaya kI lagAma thAmanI hI hogI anyathA ahiMsA kI bAta kevala siddhAMta kA viSaya banakara raha jAtI hai / eka samaya thA jaba manuSya yuddha kI saMskRti se paricita nahIM thaa| usakI AkAMkSAeM sImita thIM / sImita AkAMkSAoM kI pUrti ke lie use daur3adhUpa nahIM karanI par3atI thii| jo kucha mila jAtA, usI se jIvana-yApana ho jAtA thaa| usa samaya pratyeka vyakti svalAbha meM saMtuSTa rahatA thaa| svalAbha meM asantoSa ke anubhava ne manuSya ke mana meM padArtha ke prati AkarSaNa paidA kiyaa| isa AkarSaNa ne parAyI vastu har3apane kI manovRtti jgaayii| jaba vaha sahaja meM nahIM milI to manuSya AkrAntA bana gayA / vaha jora-jabaradastI se dUsare kI vastu para apanA adhikAra sthApita karane lagA / AkAMkSA kA jagat bahuta bar3A hai / khAna-pAna kI choTI-se-choTI vastu kA usake sAtha sambandha hai to dharatI para ekachatra sAmrAjya karane kI bhAvanA bhI usase jur3I huI hai| para kA sva har3apane ke lie manuSya ne astra-zastroM kA AviSkAra kiyA / Adima yuga ke astra patthara ke hote the| unameM kucha sudhAra huA to lohA, lakar3I Adi kA upayoga hone lgaa| bhAlA, barachI, tIra, talavAra Adi bhI AkrAntA saMskRti ke hI aMga haiN| ye sabhI sAdhana usa samaya akiMcitkara ho gae jaba manuSya ne aNu kI zakti ko pahacAnA / aNuzakti kA upayoga nirmANa ke kArya meM bhI ho sakatA hai para hiMsA ke saMskAroM kI sakriyatA meM nirmANa kI bAta gauNa ho jAtI hai aura dhvaMsa kI bAta pramukha bana jAtI hai / jApAna ke do bar3e zaharoM-hirozimA aura nAgAsAkI kA dhvaMsa dvitIya mahAyuddha meM sakriya hiMsaka cetanA kA pratIka hai| vigata kucha samaya se vizva kI mahAzaktiyAM antarikSa yuddha kI taiyAriyoM meM saMlagna thiiN| ina taiyAriyoM kA hetu bhI bhaya yA AzaMkA ke atirikta aura kyA ho sakatA hai ? rUsa aura amerikA ke bIca madhyama dUrI vAle prakSepaka aNu-astroM ke parisImana kA samajhautA hiMsaka vAtAvaraNa meM uThA huA eka choTA-sA ahiMsaka kadama thaa| isa kadama kA garmajozI ke sAtha svAgata huaa| aba AgAmI zikhara sammelana meM saba prakAra ke ANavika astroM ko samApta kara dene vAlI ghoSaNA kI pratIkSA hai| aisI ghoSaNA aura tatparatA ke sAtha

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yuddha kI saMskRti kaise panapatI hai ? usa para amala, vizvazAnti kI pRSThabhUmi meM bahuta Avazyaka hai| Aja sArA vizva azAnta hai / azAnti kA sabase bar3A kAraNa haihiMsA / hiMsA ke patha para Age bar3hakara vaiyaktika yA sAmUhika kisI bhI stara para zAnti ko prApta nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| zAnti kA mUlabhUta AdhAra haiahiMsA / ahiMsA kevala nakArAtmaka hI nahIM hai| isakA racanAtmaka svarUpa duniyA ke sAmane Ae aura usake AdhAra para vizvazAnti kI kalpanA ko sAkAra kiyA jAe, isa uddezya se ahiMsA aura zAnti ke saMdarbha meM samAyojita antarrASTrIya sammelana eka nayI pahala karegA, aisI saMbhAvanA prabala ho rahI hai| cintana kI dharatI para ugI huI saMbhAvanA yathArtha kA zikhara chUne meM saphala ho, yaha apekSA hai|

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yuddha samasyA hai, samAdhAna nahIM saMyukta rASTra mahA sabhA kI ghoSaNA ke anusAra san 1988 kA varSa paramANu nirastrIkaraNa kA varSa hai| isa varSa kI zurUAta se pahale hI 8 disambara 1987 ko vAziMgaTana meM amerikA ke rASTrapati ronAlDa rIgana aura soviyata netA mikhAila gorbAceva ke bIca eka aitihAsika samajhautA ho gyaa| usa samajhaute ke anusAra amerikA aura soviyata saMgha 500 se 5500 kilomITara kI dUrI taka mAra karane vAle sabhI prekSepAstroM ko naSTa kara dege| yaha samajhautA sUryodaya se kucha samaya pahale AkAza meM phailane vAle ujAle ke samAna sabako rAhata dene vAlA thaa| 1 jUna 1988 se vaha samajhautA lAgU ho gayA / amerikA aura soviyata saMgha dvArA saMyukta rUpa meM uThAe gae kadama kA svAgata vizva ke sabhI dezoM ne kiyaa| 8 agasta 1988 ko saMyukta rASTra saMgha ne eka nayI ghoSaNA karake IrAna aura IrAka ke bIca cala rahI ATha varSoM kI lar3AI samApta karane kA dAvA kiyA hai / yuddhavirAma ke lie 20 agasta kA dina taya kiyA gyaa| para samAcAra patroM ke anusAra saMyukta rASTra saMgha kI ghoSaNA ke tatkAla bAda donoM dezoM kI AkrAmaka mudrA badala gii| unakI sAmarika gatividhiyAM zithila ho gii| IrAna aura IrAka kI yaha lar3AI 20 sitambara 1980 ko zurU huI thii| taba se aba taka ATha sAla ke khule saMgharSa meM dasa lAkha logoM ke mAre jAne kI saMbhAvanA kI gaI hai| donoM dezoM ke eka lAkha sainika yuddhabandI bane hue haiN| Upara se lar3AI samApta ho gii| ise bhAvanAtmaka stara para samApta karane ke lie 25 agasta se jenevA meM donoM dezoM ke bIca sIdhI bAtacIta hogI / isa vArtAlApa meM saMyukta rASTra saMgha kI aham bhUmikA rahegI, aisI carcA hai / IrAna aura IrAka ke isa yuddhavirAma kA bhI una sabhI dezoM ne svAgata kiyA hai, jo mAnavIya mUlyoM meM vizvAsa rakhate haiM / yaha bAta aba nirvivAda rUpa se pramANita ho rahI hai ki koI bhI deza antaraMga meM yuddha nahIM caahtaa| kyoMki yuddha se koI eka hI pIr3hI nahIM, Ane vAlI kaI pIDhiyAM prabhAvita hotI haiM / san 1945 meM dUsare vizvayuddha ke bIca sUryodaya ke deza jApAna ke do pramukha nagara-hIrozimA aura nAgAzAkI para amerikA dvArA girAe gae aNubamoM kA hAdasA aba bhI loga bhUle nahIM haiN| mAnavatA ke itihAsa kA vaha sabase kAlA dina thA, jaba lAkhoM logoM

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yuddha samasyA hai, samAdhAna nahIM ko bIbhatsa rUpa se mauta ke ghATa utArA gyaa| isa yuddha meM pUrI taraha se TUTA huA jApAna apanI lagana aura puruSArtha se bahuta jaldI saMbhala gyaa| audyogika dRSTi se usane bahuta vikAsa kara liyA, para ve lAkhoM vyakti jo bemauta mAre gae, kahAM se lauTeMge ? yuddha ke bhayaMkara duSpariNAmoM ko dekhane aura bhogane ke bAda bhI manuSya yadA-kadA yuddha para AmAdA kyoM ho jAtA hai ? yaha eka cirantana prazna hai| Arthika, sAmAjika, bhaugolika, sAMskRtika, dhArmika aura aitihAsika-kisI bhI taraha ke kAraNa hoM, yuddha mAnava jAti ke vinAza kA rAstA hai| yuddha ke sahAre kabhI samasyA kA samAdhAna huA ho, udAharaNa nahIM miltaa| eka-dUsare deza kI sImAoM meM ghusapaiTha karane vAle yuddha ke dvArA thor3I-bahuta bhUmi bhale hI hathiyAleM, para ve apane deza ke lie aisA siradarda mola le lete haiM, jise sadiyoM taka bhoganA par3atA hai| pArasparika vizvAsa, sadbhAvanA aura saha-astitva jaise mUlyoM ko pratiSThita karake hI manuSya zAnti se jI sakatA hai / isa varSa kA 'neharU zAnti puraskAra' saMyukta rASTra saMgha ke mahAsaciva jeviyara pereja DI kveyA ko diyA gyaa| zrI kveyA ne vizva zAnti aura sadbhAvanA bar3hAne kI dizA meM jo kAma kiyA aura kara rahe haiM, usI kA mUlyAMkana karake unheM isa puraskAra se sammAnita kiyA gayA hai| saMsAra Aja yuddha aura hiMsA se Uba cukA hai| isalie vaha aise prayatnoM ke samarthana meM sahamata ho jAtA hai / yuddha karane vAle aura yuddha ko protsAhana dene vAle kisI bhI vyakti ko Aja taka aisA koI puraskAra nahIM milA, jo use gauravAnvita kara sake, kyoMki yuddha barabAdI hai, azAnti hai, aura asthiratA hai / jAna-mAla kI isa bhArI tabAhI se bacane ke lie samUce vizva ko ahiMsA kI zaraNa meM jAnA hogaa| ___ vizva meM hiMsA-rahita aura paramANu-zastra-vihIna samAja-saMracanA ke lie pratibaddha rASTroM meM bhArata bhI eka hai| bhAratIya saMskRti meM ahiMsA, anekAnta aura bhAIcAre kI puTa hai / ahiMsA aura anekAnta-pradhAna jIvana-zailI meM hiMsA kA hastakSepa kabhI kAmya nahIM hotA / phira bhI jaba taka hiMsA aura azAnti ke kAraNa maujUda haiM, bar3e yA choTe stara para yuddha kI saMbhAvanA ko asvIkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / vizva yuddha kI to kalpanA hI bhayAvaha hai, gRhayuddha se bhI deza kA kitanA ahita ho rahA hai, saba jAnate haiN| yuddha kI vibhISikA se saMtrasta manuSya aba bhI apane mUla saMskAroM meM lauTa Ae, anartha hiMsA se bacatA rahe aura vizva-zAnti ke lie kie jA rahe prayatnoM meM bhAgIdAra bana jAe to hiMsA kI Aga meM jhulasatI mAnava jAti ko trANa mila sakatA hai /

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yuddha kI lapaToM meM kAMpatI saMskRti AsthA ke do rUpa haiM-ciMtana ke stara para aura jIne ke stara para / jisa vyakti ke cintana kA stara bhinna hotA hai aura AcaraNa kA stara bhinna, usakI AsthA vibhakta ho jAtI hai / vibhakti bheda kI pratIka hai| bheda meM thopI huI mAnyatA ko bhI vyakti apanI sahamati detA hai, kintu usake avacetana mana kI dhAraNAeM kucha dUsarI hotI haiM, isalie vaha AsthA ke anurUpa jIvana nahIM jI sakatA / mujhe aisA lagatA hai ki naitika mUlyoM ke prati hone vAlI AsthA bhI ghanIbhUta nahIM hai / naitikatA kA siddhAMta sahI hai, para use AtmasAt karane se upasthita hone vAlI kaThinAiyoM ke sAtha mukAbalA karane kI jaba taka kSamatA nahIM hai, taba taka vyakti naitika nahIM ho sakatA / naitikatA ke saMdarbha ko eka bAra gauNa bhI kara diyA jAe to bhI yuddha kI vibhISikA vyakti ko pIr3ita kara detI hai / kintu isake sAtha vaha yaha bhI jAnatA hai ki yuddha ke dvArA mere lie jo prAptavya hai, vaha yuddha se hI mila sakatA hai / isalie vaha zakti saMpannatA kI sthiti meM yuddha ko TAla bhI nahIM sakatA / 1 1 eka bAta aura hai / manovaijJAnikoM ne manuSya kI jhagar3AlU vRtti ko usakI mUla vRtti meM mAnyatA dI hai / aMgrejI bhASA ke vikhyAta sAhityakAra aura dArzanika phrAMsisa bekana ne ukta tathya ke sAtha apanI sahamati vyakta karate hue kahA hai ki manuSya meM lar3ane kI pravRtti eka pradhAna mUla pravRtti hai / isako sahaja rUpa meM mor3anA bahuta kaThina hai / mujhe bhI aisI pratIti hotI hai ki jaba taka kAma, krodha Adi mUla vRttiyAM samApta nahIM hotIM, taba taka yuddha kI saMbhAvanA ko bhI nakArA nahIM jA sakatA / aisI saMbhAvanAeM jahAM puSTa ho jAtI haiM, vahAM jo kucha hotA hai, vaha atIta kI AvRtti mAtra hotA hai / ata: naitika AsthA aura yuddha kI saMbhAvanA ko bhinna-bhinna sandarbhoM meM samajhanA jarUrI hai / naitika mUlyoM kI pratiSThA aura aNu astroM - ina donoM meM koI tuka nahIM hai / kyoMki ANavika astroM kA nirmANa svayaM hI anaitika hai / rAjanIti aura arthanIti ke kSetra meM asaMtulana bar3hatA hai tathA asurakSA ke bhAva panapate haiN| saMtulana aura surakSA kA dUsarA upAya na pAkara vyakti, samAja aura rASTra zastroM kA nirmANa karate haiM / kintu aisA karane vAle AtaMka aura asurakSA se mukta nahIM ho pAte / jo rASTra zastra-nirmAtA haiM, ve svayaM AzaMkita haiN| saMbhAvita aniSTa kI AzaMkA se bacAva ke lie jo zastra banate haiM. ve dasare rASTa 1

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yuddha kI lapaToM meM kAMpatI saMskRti 116 ko AzaMkita kara dete haiN| phalata: zastra-nirmANa kI daur3a zurU ho jAtI hai| isa tathya ko svIkAra karane meM koI kaThinAI nahIM hai ki jo deza jitanI adhika coTa sahana karatA hai, vaha Age jAkara utanA hI sajaga ho jAtA hai / yuddha bhI eka prakAra kA AghAta hai, jo mUlya-parivartana kI dizA meM nayA ciMtana de sakatA haiM / Akasmika AghAta bhItara aura bAhara donoM ora se rUpAntaraNa karatA hai / eka vyakti ke sira meM coTa lgii| isa apratyAzita coTa ne usake snAyu-saMsthAna ko prabhAvita kiyA aura use atIndriya jJAna upalabdha ho gyaa| eka vyakti pakSAghAta se pIr3ita thaa| kisI samaya usake makAna meM Aga laga gyii| ghara meM bhAga-daur3a macI / usane sunA / eka jhaTakA-sA lgaa| vaha uThakara khar3A ho mayA aura bAhara A gyaa| dekhane vAloM ke Azcarya kA ThikAnA hI na rahA / jo vyakti apanA hAtha bhI uThAkara idhara-udhara nahIM kara sakatA thA, usameM acAnaka uThakara daur3ane kI kSamatA kahAM se A gayI ? usa kSamatA kA srota thA usake avacetana mana para hone vAlA tIvra AghAta, jisane usako eka sAtha pUrI zakti de dii| . isI prakAra apratyAzita rUpa se lagane vAle yuddha ke AdhAta bhI vyakti aura rASTra kI cetanA ko jhakajhora sakate haiM tathA unase kaI dRSTiyoM se vikAsa kI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai| para jarUrI nahIM hai ki aisI sthiti yuddha se hI ho, dUsare bhI nimitta ho sakate haiM / yuddha bhI nimitta banatA ho to bhI pragati ke lie jAna-bUjhakara yuddha ko AmaMtrita karanA ucita nahIM hai / kyoMki yuddha se hone vAle galata pariNAmoM ko najaraaMdAja karane vAle vyakti yuddha ko pragatizIlatA kA sUcaka mAna sakate haiM, vAstava meM vaha mAnavIya mUlyoM kA vighaTaka hai aura pAzavika manovRtti kA pratIka hai| spardhA aura saMgharSa ye do bAteM haiN| vikAsamUlaka kAryoM ke lie spardhA kA honA anucita nahIM hai| para binA prayojana Takkara lenA aura laDakara samApta ho jAnA prazasta tarIkA nahIM hai| saMskRtiyoM kA saMgama lAbhaprada hai| usase bahuta kucha sIkhA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki eka-dUsare ko dekhane, parakhane aura samajhane kA avasara bahuta mahattvapUrNa hotA hai / para thor3e hita ke lie adhika ahita ko mola lenA samajhadArI nahIM hai / rAjA dilIpa ko sambodhita kara usakI parIkSA ke lie upasthita siMha ne kahA alpasya hetoH bahu hAtumicchan / vicAramur3ha: pratibhAsi meM tvam / / alpahita ke lie adhika hita ko dAMva para lagA denA vaicArika mUr3hatA kA pratIka hai / ataH sAMskRtika vikAsa ke lie zAnti, sukha aura samRddhi ko yuddha kI Aga meM jhoMka denA kisI bhI dRSTi se ucita pratIta nahIM hotaa|

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ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja satAM hi sandehapadeSu vastuSu, pramANamantaHkaraNapravRttayaH / / vartamAna meM dvandva kA samAdhAna antaHkaraNa meM nahIM, tarka meM khojA jA rahA hai / naitika nirNaya kA ekamAtra AdhAra Aja tarka hI raha gayA hai| sAmAjika kalyANa kI dhAraNA ke AdhAra para bhI naitika mUlyoM kA nirNaya kiyA jAtA hai / isakA artha yaha huA ki antaHkaraNa aura vyakti gauNa haiM tathA tarka aura samAja mukhya haiM / kyA hama yaha mAna leM ki antaHkaraNa kA prAmANya Aja samApta ho gayA hai ? eka vItarAga vyakti kA antaHkaraNa nizcita rUpa se pramANa hotA hai| vItarAgatA kI sthiti se pahale bhI santulita vyakti kA citta pramANa ho sakatA hai / para hara vyakti ke antaHkaraNa ko pramANa mAnanA khatare se khAlI nahIM hai / eka unmatta vyakti ke AtmanirNaya ko vaidhatA kA pramANapatra nahIM mila sakatA, kyoMki usakA ciMtana ayathArtha hai, adhUrA hai / aise vyaktiyoM ko manacAhA karane kI chUTa mila jAe to pralaya kI AzaMkA ko TAlA nahIM jA sktaa| hiTalara jaise vyaktiyoM kA antaHkaraNa hI yuddha ko janma detA hai| isa sRSTi se itanA hI kahanA paryApta hai ki vizuddha aura santulita antaHkaraNa pramANa bana sakatA hai| isase viparIta dizA meM usakA prAmANya akiMcitkara tarka kA jahAM taka prazna hai, vaha hai mAtra buddhi kA vyAyAma / usakA AdhAra kevala satya hI nahIM hotA / asat AdhAroM para bhI tarka kI avasthiti hotI hai / vaha samAja aura vyakti donoM ko sthApita bhI kara sakatA hai aura ukhAr3a bhI sakatA hai| isalie isakI prAmANikatA bhI saMdigdha hai| prAcIna yuga meM tarka vikasita nahIM huA thA aura antaHkaraNa hI saba kucha thA, yaha ekAMgI satya hai| mere abhimata se ina donoM kI vizuddhi aura sApekSatA hI prAmANya kA AdhAra bana sakatI haiN|

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yuddha ke kaTu pariNAma yuddha manuSya ke lie eka bahuta bar3A abhizApa hai / jaba yaha pAgalapana savAra ho jAtA hai to AdamI aisA rAkSasa bana jAtA hai ki lAkhoM-lAkhoM logoM ko dekhate-dekhate mauta ke ghATa utAra detA hai / vaha aisA naramedha racA tA hai jisakI kalpanA bhI nahIM kI jA sakatI / prathama mahAyuddha meM 9008000 loga mAre gae the / 1919 se lekara 1936 taka ke 20 varSoM meM bhI chiTapuTa yuddhoM meM 1336000 loga mAre ge| dUsare mahAyuddha meM to unakI saMkhyA 50000000 taka pahuMca gii| usa yuddha meM akele jApAna ke 260000 loga mAre gae the / 412000 loga ghAyala hue, 6200000 loga beghara ho gae / 2210000 makAna Dhaha gae yA jalakara bhasma ho gae / 1206 nagaroM meM 44 nagaroM kA nAmonizAna miTa gayA / yaha to usa samaya kI bAta hai jaba sImita aNubama the / Aja to aise hAIDrojana bama bana gae haiM jo 2000 DI. ena. TI. kI kSamatA rakhate haiM / eka hAiDrojana bama 30 aNubamoM ke barAbara hotA hai / vaha 1200 varga mIla ko agni se jalA DAla sakatA hai / 100 mIla ke ghere ko dhamAkoM se hilA detA hai tathA 30000 vargamIla kSetra meM vinAza ke bIja bo sakatA hai / mahAvIra ne ThIka hI kahA hai-hiMsA pApa hai, caMDa hai, rudra hai, kSudra hai, anArya hai, nirghRNa hai, nRzaMsa hai, mahAbhaya hai Adi-Adi / ina varSoM meM ANavika zakti sampanna rASTroM ne nirantara khoja aura nirmANa ke jarie ANavika zastroM aura saMcAra sAdhanoM kA itanA vikAsa kara liyA hai ki unameM se pratyeka rASTra darjanoM bAra pUrI dharatI ke nivAsiyoM ko dhvasta kara sakatA hai / sacamuca Aja yuddha kI bar3I jabaradasta taiyAriyAM ho rahI haiM / yaha anumAna hai ki vizva meM 1983 ke daurAna sainika anusaMdhAna tathA vikAsa para 6000 karor3a DAlara kharca isameM soviyata saMgha tathA amerikA kA kharca 80 pratizata hai / briTena, phrAMsa, cIna tathA pazcimI jarmanI ne sainika anusaMdhAna evaM vikAsa para 50 pratizata kharca kie / yaha ullekhanIya hai ki 1984 meM kevala amerikA ne sainika anusaMdhAna tathA vikAsa para karIba 32 araba DAlara kharca kie / kie ge| inake sAtha antarrASTrIya mudrAkoSa kI eka vijJapti ke anusAra eziyAI deza rakSA para vArSika bajaTa kA 20 pratizata kharca kara rahe haiM, jabaki zikSA tathA sAmAjika kalyANa para kramazaH 8 aura 3 pratizata hI karate haiM / aisA anumAna hai ki vizva meM prativarSa eka sainika para 18300 DAlara kharca kiye jA rahe

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122 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja haiM jabaki eka skUlI bacce para kevala 380 DAlara kharca kie jAte haiM / vizva meM eka lAkha AbAdI para 556 sainika haiM jabaki DAkTara kevala 85 haiM / avikasita dezoM meM 250 AbAdI para eka sainika hai jabaki 3700 kI AbAdI para eka DAkTara hai / Aja vizva meM 60 karor3a loga berojagAra haiM, 60 karor3a loga nirakSara haiM, 50 karor3a loga bImAriyoM se grasta haiM, 100 karor3a loga garIbI kI rekhA se nIce jI rahe haiM aura samucita cikitsA tathA poSaka bhojana ke abhAva meM 40 hajAra bacce pratidina mauta ke mukha meM praveza kara rahe haiM / 1675-83 ke daurAna vizva sainika kharca meM 25 pratizata se bhI jyAdA vRddhi huI hai / saMyukta rASTra ejensiyoM ke anusAra 1980 meM vizva sainika kharca aphrIkA evaM laiTina amarIkA ke kula rASTrIya utpAdana ke barAbara thA aura vaha vizva ke utpAdana ke kula mUlyoM ke 6 pratizata ke barAbara thA / yaha anumAna hai ki vizva meM hathiyAroM tathA sainikoM para prati ghaMTA 7.4 karor3a DAlara kharca kiyA jA rahA hai / 1660 ke lie vizva kA sainika kharca 1545 araba DAlara anumAnita hai / Aja tIsarI duniyA meM aisI aneka sarakAreM haiM jinheM apanI hI janatA kA bar3A zatru kahA jA sakatA hai / ye aisI sarakAreM haiM jo apane nAgarikoM ke viruddha zastra sannaddha ho rahI haiN| bahuta bAra ye mahAzaktiyoM kI pratidvandvitA meM bhI phaMsa jAte haiM / 1681 meM ina dezoM kA sainika kharca 81 araba DAlara thA jo kula kharca kA 15.6 pratizata thA / bhArata ne 1981 meM sazastra senAoM para 5700000000 DAlara kharca kiyA, para nirantara yaha kharca bar3hatA hI jA rahA hai / sainika kharca meM vRddhi ke kAraNa tIsarI duniyAM ke deza na kevala Avazyaka vikAsa se vaMcita raha jAte haiM apitu ApasI tanAva bhI bar3ha jAte haiM / isakA nakArAtmaka prabhAva par3atA hai / hathiyAroM kI hor3a para bhArI phaujI kharca ne na kevala tIsarI duniyA ke dezoM ko Avazyaka vikAsagata vittIya jarUratoM se vaMcita kara diyA hai, apitu logoM ke bIca apane rASTra tathA vizva ke bhaviSya ke bAre meM bhI nirAzA utpanna kara dI hai| batAyA jAtA hai ki abhI vizva meM pacAsa hajAra se bhI adhika nAbhikIya hathiyAra haiM aura unameM hajAroM DilIvarI praNAlI se sambaddha haiM / inakI vibhISikA ke bAre meM sahaja hI anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai / yadi nAbhikIya yuddha hotA hai to usake akalpya pariNAma ho sakate haiN| isameM kisI eka rASTra ke jaya-parAjaya kI bAta nahIM rahegI apitu pUre bhUmaMDala kA paristhitikIya saMtulana bigar3a jaaegaa| pRthvI lAyaka hI nahIM raha jAegI / vAyumaMDalIya tathA yaha siddha ho gayA hai ki sImita aNuyuddha se bhI mAnava jIvana ke lie rahane jIva vijJAna ke adhyayanoM se bhayaMkara garmI, visphoTa aura

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yuddha ke kaTu parimANa 123 vikiraNa ke khataroM ke alAvA yaha bhI AzaMkA hai ki usase dharatI para bhayaMkara zIta kA prAdurbhAva hogaa| dharatI aMdhakArapUrNa tathA atyanta zItala graha ke rUpa meM pariNata ho jAegI / samudra ke pAnI kA stara bhI bar3ha jAegA, jisase dharatI kA kAphI bhAga jalamagna ho jaaegaa| prANI to koI bacegA hI nahIM, svayaM dharatI bhI kisI prANI ke jIvana-dhAraNa meM ayogya ho jaaegii| yaha to eka antima bAta hai, para isase pahale ke khatare bhI kama nahIM haiM / visphoToM se udbhUta dhuAM paryAvaraNa meM phailakara bAdaloM ke rUpa meM badala jAtA hai| jaba bAdala jala ke rUpa meM pRthvI para barasate haiM to dharatI bhI vikiraNa ke prabhAva se mukta nahIM raha sktii| usase ghAsa-pAta tathA vanaspati bhI reDiyodharmitA se baca nahIM skegii| ina sabameM viSAktatA hone se manuSya kA tana hI nahIM balki mana bhI viSAkta hue binA nahIM rhegaa| vaha bhI sAMpa kI taraha apanI sAMsa se phuphakAreM lene lgegaa| visphoToM se prabhAvita dhali jaba samudra meM pahuMcegI to usase jalajaMtu bhI prabhAvita hue binA nahIM rheNge| ve bImAra hokara mRtyu ke mukha meM cale jaayeNge| jo baca jAyeMge ve yadi manuSya kA AhAra bane to use bhI mauta ke mukha meM dhakela deNge| UparI vAyumaMDala meM kie jAne vAle nAbhikIya visphoToM se bar3I mAtrA meM nAITrika AksAiDa ke aNu paMdA hote haiM, usase ojona kI samUcI jIvanarakSaka parata kA naSTa ho jAnA sunizcita hai / nAbhikIya yuddha se jitanI tabAhI hogI usase adhika tabAhI ojona kI parata ke naSTa ho jAne se hogii| __isa khatare se bacane kA eka hI upAya hai ki yuddha tathA nAbhikIya zastroM ke upayoga ko banda kiyA jaaye| jayaprakAza nArAyaNa ne ThIka hI kahA thA-aNubama banAnA naitika dRSTi se anucita hai, rAjanaitika dRSTi se khataranAka hai aura sAmAjika dRSTi se anAvazyaka hai| jaba yaha jJAta hai ki sImita yA asImita kisI prakAra ke nAbhikIya yuddha kA artha sarvanAza, pUrI sRSTi kA saMhAra aura mAnava dvArA Aja taka kI ajita upalabdhiyoM kA dhvaMsa hai to kyoM nahIM isa sAmarika-sajjA para aMkuza lagAyA jAye ? Aja pUrva, pazcima, uttara aura dakSiNa ke pratyeka mahAdvIpa ke vaijJAnikoM, vizeSajJoM, samaranIti ke AcAryoM tathA zAMti rakSA ke prati pratibaddha jana-samudAya ne yaha anubhava kara liyA hai ki yuddha se pralaya kI lomaharSaka sthiti paidA ho sakatI hai to kyoM isa pAgalapana ko uttarottara bar3hAyA jA rahA hai, yaha eka cintana kA viSaya hai| hathiyAroM kA ghAtaka dhaMdhA yuddha kA eka romAMcaka rUpa jo Aja ubhara rahA hai vaha hai.---zastroM kA vyApAra / sacamuca kucha dezoM ke loga apanI vaijJAnika kSamatA kA lAbha

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124 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja uThAkara saMhAraka zastroM kA itanA jabaradasta dhaMdhA karate haiM ki garIba dezoM kA to kacUmara hI nikala jAtA hai / unake sAmane apane astitva kA savAla rahatA hai, ata: garIbI ko or3hakara bhI unheM zastra kharIdane par3ate haiM / yaha sahI hai ki bar3e rASTroM kI vaijJAnika kSamatAoM ne unheM vaha sAmarthya pradAna kiyA hai, para isameM bhI koI saMdeha nahIM hai ki avikasita rASTra isase bahuta tIvratA se prabhAvita hote haiM / abhI-abhI iMDiyana DipheMsa rivyU patrikA meM prakAzita samAcAroM ke anusAra kevala cIna ne 1680 aura 1687 ke bIca meM 8 araba 70 karor3a DAlara ke hathiyAra bece haiM / yaha prasannatA kI bAta hai ki dhIre-dhIre pUrI duniyA meM yuddha ke viruddha janamata bana rahA hai / abhI-abhI rUsa aura amerikA ke bIca 30 pratizata paramANu prakSepAstroM va bamavarSakoM meM kaTautI karane ke prastAva para jo samajhautA huA hai vaha bhagavAn mahAvIra kI isI bhAvanA ko abhivyakta karatA hai ki zastra meM spardhA hai / yuddha Akhira samasyA kA samAdhAna nahIM hai / yaha anartha hiMsA hai, niSedhaka bhAva hai / jo AdamI isase baca jAtA hai usakA caraNa apane Apa vizva zAMti kI ora uThane lagatA hai /

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vizva-zAnti kI AcAra-saMhitA vartamAna vizva-cetanA kI gatizIla sAdhanA ne vizva ko bahuta choTA kara diyA hai| eka samaya thA jaba eka prAnta kI samasyAoM se dUsarA prAnta aprabhAvita rahatA thaa| eka deza kI sthitiyoM kA saMkramaNa dUsare deza meM nahIM hotA thA / kintu Aja AyAta-niryAta ke sAdhana itane vikasita ho gaye haiM ki eka bhUkhaMDa kI samasyA sampUrNa vizvagata ho jAtI hai / saMkramaNazIlatA kI sthiti meM koI bhI vyakti, varga yA bhUkhaMDa aprabhAvita nahIM raha sakatA / isalie antarASTrIya samasyAoM kA vizeSa sthAna hai / antarrASTriIya samparka-sUtroM aura vyavasthAoM ko dekhate hue hameM kevala rASTrIya samasyAoM ke samAdhAna taka hI nahIM socanA hai / antarrASTrIya kSitija para jo-jo samasyAeM ubhara rahI haiM, unake kAraNoM kI khoja aura nivAraNa kI prazasta prakriyA jaba taka prApta nahIM hotI hai, vizva-zAnti kI kalpanA yathArtha kI dharatI para AkAra nahIM le sktii| __ aNuvrata darzana vyakti-vyakti ko mArgadarzana detA hai, usI prakAra samagra vizva-cetanA ko bhI patha dikhalAtA hai / vizva-cetanA ko ubuddha karane ke lie antarrASTrIya stara para koI Thosa kAma ho, yaha Avazyaka hai / isake lie ni:zastrIkaraNa, sahaastitva aura sApekSa sahayoga-bhAvanA ko pallavita karanA hai| aNuvrata ke paripArzva se aisI srotasviniyAM baheMgo, jo naitika mUlyoM kI paudha ko siMcana dekara vizva-mAnasa ko nayA Aloka aura zAnti dene meM sakSama ho skeNgii| antarrASTrIya samasyAeM eka rASTra dvArA dUsare rASTra para AkramaNa, eka rASTra kI bhUmi aura saMpatti para adhikAra karane kI manovRtti, Antarika vyavasthAoM meM hastakSepa, eka zAsana-paddhati para dUsarI zAsana-paddhati kA AropaNa karane kA prayatna, apanI vicAradhArA dUsaroM para thopane kA prayAsa Adi aisI aneka sthitiyAM haiM, jo antarrASTrIya samasyAoM ko ubhArane meM nimitta banatI haiN| upanivezavAda antarrASTrIya jagat kI sabase bar3I samasyA thii| Aja lagabhaga sabhI rASTra isa samasyA se mukta ho gae hai| isa samaya paristhiti aisI nirmita ho gayI hai ki hara prabuddha vyakti aura rASTra upanivezavAda ko ukhAr3ane meM sahamata hai| AkrAmaka manovRtti kA jahAM taka prazna hai, vaha Aja bhI yatra-tatra dRSTigata ho rahI hai / purAne samaya meM yaha manovRtti mAnya thii| sAmrAjya-vistAra

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126 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja ke lie aneka yuddha lar3e gaye haiM kintu aba aisI mAnyatAeM nirasta hotI jA rahI haiN| sAmAjika jIvana meM ahiMsA kI prANa-pratiSThA hone se hI vizvazAnti kI bAta AkAra le sakatI hai / ahiMsA zAzvata satya hai aura AkramaNa AvezamUlaka manaHsthiti kI pariNati hai| vyakti, samAja aura rASTra ke prati hone vAlI AkrAntA manovRttiyAM mAnavIya mUlyoM kI pratiSThA meM bAdhaka haiN| bhUmi, saMpatti Adi kA apaharaNa, adhikAra hanana Adi pravRttiyoM kA manovaijJAnika dRSTi se bhI bahuta galata prabhAva par3atA hai / bhaya, sandeha, pratizodha, AzaMkA surakSA Adi kaI kAraNa haiM jo manuSya ko hiMsA kI preraNA dete haiN| rASTrIya dAyitvoM se pratibaddha vyakti ina kAraNoM kI upekSA nahIM kara sakatA, kintu apanI-apanI vRttiyoM kA parimArjana kara ina samasyAoM ko sthAyI samAdhAna de sakatA hai| apekSA isa bAta kI hai ki samAdhAna ke lie upayukta mAnasa kA nirmANa ho / AkrAmaka manovatti ko badalane ke upAya maMtrI-bhAvanA kA abhyAsa AkrAntA manobhAvoM kA sIdhA pratikAra hai / vartamAna yuga meM yaha bahuta Avazyaka hai| prAcIna samaya meM AkramaNa zastrIya hote the| zastra prayoga meM bala-prayoga avazyaMbhAvI hai| Aja vicAradhArA aura zAsana paddhati thopane kA prayatna ho rahA hai, yaha Antarika AkramaNa hai| vartamAna yuga meM vicAroM kA vikAsa bahuta ho cukA hai| Aja AkramaNa na karanA hI paryApta nahIM hai / anAkramaNa vRtti-nirmANa se Age apekSita hai samanvayamUlaka manobhAva, jinakA sRjana naitika dharAtala para hI ho sakatA hai| purAne samaya meM Aveza kI kriyAnviti yuddha ke rUpa meM hotI thii| jisa deza meM yuddha ke prasaMga jitane adhika upasthita hote the, usa deza kA zaurya utanA hI adhika vikhyAta hotA thaa| kintu mAnavatA kI dRSTi se yaha ucita nahIM hai / mAnavIya dRSTikoNa Aveza-zamana kI prakriyA prastuta karatA hai / saMyukta rASTra saMgha samanvaya kI pRSThabhUmi ke lie prazasta upakrama hai| jisa nIti ke AdhAra para saMyukta rASTra saMgha kI sthApanA huI, usa nIti ko amala meM lAyA gayA to rASTra saMgha apanA dAyitva nibhAne meM sakSama ho sakegA aura antarrASTrIya tanAvamukti kA rAstA nikala skegaa| antarrASTrIya tanAva kA mukhya kAraNa - merI dRSTi meM isakA mukhya kAraNa hai zastra-nirmANa aura zastra-vikAsa / zastra kA nirmANa aura vikAsa karane vAlA rASTra abhaya banatA hai, parantu zeSa rASTra usase bhayabhIta ho jAte haiM / bhaya kI pratikriyAsvarUpa zastra-nirmANa kI dizA meM pratispardhA utpanna hotI hai| eka-dUsare ke prati bhaya aura sandeha kI sthiti zAnti-bhaMga kA mukhya hetu hai / zastroM se abhaya banane bAlA rASTra dUsare rASTra ko

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vizva zAnti kI AcAra-saMhitA 127 abhaya nahIM rakha sakatA / 'atthi satyaM pareNa paraM, natthi asatthaM pareNa paraM '--zastroM meM paraMparA calatI hai / azastra - - ahiMsA meM paraMparA nahIM hai / jisa rASTra kI nIti meM dUsare rASTroM ko dabAne ke lie zastroM kA vikAsa kiyA jA rahA hai, vaha rASTra vizva zAnti meM sabase adhika bAdhaka hai| isalie niHzastrIkaraNa kI dizA meM vizeSa prayatna karanA Avazyaka hai| vaha prayatna eka sAtha nahIM hogA, kyoMki yuga-yuga se hiMsA ke saMskAroM meM poSita jana-mAnasa ahiMsaka zakti ko pUrNa rUpa se apanI svIkRti nahIM de sakatA / phira bhI dhIre-dhIre salakSya prayatna karane se isa dizA meM pragati kI saMbhAvanAeM avazya haiM / vizva ekatA aura vizva sahakAra kI jo kalpanAeM prabuddha vyaktiyoM ke mastiSka meM uchala-kUda kara rahI haiM, unako sAkAra karane ke lie zastroM kI daur3a ko rokanA hI hogA / mere kathana kA abhiprAya yaha nahIM hai ki rAjya saMcAlana meM samagra rUpa se ahiMsAtmaka nIti kA hI prabhutva rahegA, aisA socanA ati kalpanA hai / koI bhI samAja yA rASTra, ahiMsA ke hI AdhAra para nahIM cala sakatA / hiMsA ke AdhAra para calane vAlA samAja ahiMsA ke carama utkarSa kA sparza nahIM kara sakatA, kyoMki ahiMsA nitAnta vaiyaktika tathya hai / samAja meM usakA prayoga hiMsA-zakti ko nirasta karane ke lie hotA hai / isase hiMsA kA prabhAva kSINa hotA hai aura ahiMsA kA varcasva nikharatA hai / antarrASTrIya zAnti aura sadbhAvanA kI dRSTi se yaha Avazyaka hai ki pratyeka rASTra apane naitika dAyitvoM ke prati jAgarUka rahe / zaktizAlI rASTra alpa zaktizAlI yA alpa vikasita rASTra ko hIna na mAne / aise rASTroM ke prati sahAnubhUti ho sakatI hai, para unheM hIna mAnanA mAnanIya dRSTi se aparAdha hai / ye bhaugolika sImAeM vAstavika nahIM haiM, inake AdhAra para manuSya- manuSya ke bIca bheda kI anumati sahI samajha kI pariNati nahIM hai / inako vAstavika mAnane se manuSya jAti kI ekatA khaMDita hotI hai / mAnavIya ekatA kI anubhUti ke lie apekSita hai ki samartha rASTra asamartha rASTroM ko kisI prakAra kI kSati na phuNcaaeN| ve paraspara matabheda kI sthiti meM samanvaya kI nIti apanAeM / isase sadbhAvanApUrNa vAtAvaraNa kA nirmANa hogA / maiM cAhatA hUM ki yaha antarrASTrIya AcAra saMhitA vizva zAnti kI AcAra saMhitA bane aura isake AdhAra para sampUrNa vizva abhUtapUrva zAnti aura sukha upalabdha kare /

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yuddha aura ahiMsaka pratikAra yuddha eka cirakAlIna samasyA hai| kucha loga samasyA kA samAdhAna pAne ke lie yuddha karate rahe haiM aura kucha loga yuddha kI samasyA kA pratikAra karane ke lie socate rahe haiN| kucha logoM ko dRSTi meM zakti santulana hI yuddha kA pratikAra hai aura kucha logoM kI dRSTi meM usakA pratikAra hai ahiMsA / zaktisantulanavAdI astra-zastroM meM vizvAsa karate haiM, isakA artha hai, ve yuddha meM vizvAsa karate haiN| ahiMsAvAdI niHzastrIkaraNa meM vizvAsa karate haiM, isakA artha hai ve yuddha meM vizvAsa nahIM karate / saba ahiMsAbAdI hoM to yuddha zabda kA astitva hI na rahe, para saba loga vaise nahIM haiN| jinameM sAmrAjya-vistAra kA rasa hai, bhaya aura saMdeha hai, jo bhautikatA meM sarvopari AsthA rakhate haiM, ve yuddha kA astitva cAhate haiN| unhoMne yuddha ko bhayaMkara samasyA ke rUpa meM dekhA hai, jinakI Antarika AsthA prabala hai / ve yuddha nahIM cAhate, phira bhI unheM yaha upAya nahIM milA hai, jisase yuddha kA astitva miTa jAya / padArthavAda kI dRSTi se mAnava bahuta vikAsa kara cukA hai para ahiMsAvAda kI dRSTi se vaha abhI bahuta kama vikasita haiN| jisa dina sampUrNa manuSya jAti yuddha, apaharaNa, zoSaNa Adi ko dAsa-prathA kI bhAMti amAnavIya karma mAnane lagegI, usa dina usakA vikAsa eka nizcita rekhA para hogaa| abhI isa sthiti taka pahuMcane meM aneka zatAbdiyoM aura pracura prayatnoM kI AvazyakatA hai| dAsa-prathA ke virodha meM jo AvAja uThI thI, vaha hajAroM varSoM ke bAda pUrNataH kriyAnvita huI / vaise hI yuddha ke virodha meM jo prabala svara uThegA, vaha eka dina avazya hI saphala hogaa| hama nirAza na hoM, yuddha ke virodha meM prabala AvAja uThAyeM aura uThAte rheN| yuddha kA pratikAra kaise ? Aja hamArA tatkAla cintanIya viSaya hai-yuddha kA pratikAra kaise ho? hiMsA se ho yA ahiMsA se ? zastra se ho yA azastra se ? cIna ne hindustAna para AkramaNa kiyA taba sAre deza meM hiMsaka-pratikAra evaM sazastra pratirodha kA svara prabala ho uThA / yaha Azcarya kI bAta nahIM hai / hiMsaka-pratikAra cirakAla se paricita hai| usameM manuSya kI prabala AsthA hai| ahiMsaka-pratikAra se vaha pUrNata: paricita nahIM hai / yuddha ke ahiMsaka-pratikAra kA cintana prAcIna sAhitya meM vizeSa upalabdha bhI nahIM hai / bhagavAn mahAvIra ke zrAvaka anAkramaNa kA

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yuddha aura ahiMsaka pratikAra 126 vrata lete the, para pratyAkramaNa kA adhikAra nahIM chor3ate the| mahArAja ceTaka kisI para AkramaNa nahIM karate the aura AkrAntA para bhI eka bAra se adhika prahAra nahIM karate the| yaha ahiMsaka pratikAra to nahIM, kintu usa dizA meM eka bahuta sAhasI caraNa thaa| ___ahiMsaka pratikAra kI vizeSa carcA mahAtmA gAMdhI se prArambha hotI hai| Aja kA ahiMsAvAdI yaha socatA hai ki ahiMsA meM kevala niSedhAtmaka hI nahIM, pratikArAtmaka zakti bhI honI caahie| usake binA ahiMsA tejasvI nahIM bntii| yaha pratikAra bAharI sAdhanoM se nahIM ho sakatA / yaha Atmabala ke vikAsa para hI nirbhara hai| yuddha donoM pakSoM meM manuSya ko yuddha, zastra-bala yA pAzavika-zakti meM vizvAsa na ho to vaha yuddha kI antyeSTi kara sakatA hai / yuddha eka pakSa se nahIM ho sakatA, donoM pakSa lar3ate haiM, taba vaha hotA hai| eka lar3e aura dUsarA na lar3e, taba AkramaNa ho sakatA hai, yuddha nhiiN| pratyAkramaNa na hone para AkramaNa apane-Apa zithila ho jAtA hai / jaise jhUThI aphavAhoM se AkrAntA ko bala milatA hai vaise hI pratyAkramaNa se bhI use bala aura vega milatA hai| rAkSasa se lar3o, tumhArI zakti usameM saMkrAnta ho jAyegI, usakI zakti dUnI ho jaayegii| usase mata lar3o, usakI zakti kSINa ho jaayegii| pratyeka Avega kI yahI sthiti hai| yuddha eka Avega hai| vaha eka-pakSIya hokara prabala nahIM ho sktaa| vaha prabala tabhI banatA hai, jaba Avega ke prati Avega AtA hai, AkramaNa ke prati AkramaNa hotA hai| para jo loga 'viSasya viSamauSadhaM' yA 'kaNTakAtkaNTakamuddharet' yA 'zaThe zAThyaM samAcaret' jaise nIti-vAkyoM meM vizvAsa karate haiM, ve isa bAta meM kaise vizvAsa kareMge ki Avega ke prati Avega na kiyA jAye; AkramaNa na kiyA jaaye| dUdha kA uphAna jala kA chIMTA dene se zAnta hotA hai / loga isa prakriyA ko jAnate haiM para yaha prakriyA sarvatra saphala hotI hai, aisA ve nahIM maante| vizva meM yuddha ke ahiMsaka pratikAra kA koI udAharaNa bhI nahIM hai isalie use sahaja mAnyatA mila bhI kaise sakatI hai ? Aja to hamAre lie yahI prApta hai ki hama isa viSaya para vizuddha carcA kareM, manthana kareM, sambhava hai koI niSkarSa nikala AyegA, navanIta nikala AyegA / koI bhI AkrAntA apanI svArtha-siddhi ke lie dUsare para AkramaNa karatA hai aura vaha tabhI karatA hai, jaba sAmane vAlA azakta aura kAyara jAna par3atA hai / AkramaNa ko rokane ke lie do hI upAya haiM (1) zakti, (2) parAkrama

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130 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja zakti zastra-sajjA meM hotI hai aura abhaya meM bhii| parAkrama zarIra meM bhI hotA hai aura mana meM bhI / jinheM yaha bhaya hotA hai ki hamArA pradeza kahIM dUsaroM ke hAtha meM calA na jAye, ve zastra-zakti aura zarIra-bala se AkramaNa ko viphala karanA cAhate haiM aura jinheM kisI bhI bAta kA bhaya nahIM hotA hai, jo kevala mAnavIya ekatA meM adamya vizvAsa rakhate haiM, ve use viphala karanA cAhate haiM abhaya se aura manobala se / AkramaNa donoM ke lie asahya hai| para pratikAra kI paddhatiyAM eka nahIM haiM / mauta se na Dare, yaha sainika ke lie bhI pahalI zarta hai aura ahiMsaka ke lie bhii| zastra-sajjita honA sainika kI dUsarI zarta hai, kintu ahiMsaka kI nahIM / zarIra-bala kA prayoga karanA sainika kI tIsarI zarta hai kintu ahiMsaka kI nhiiN| ahiMsaka pratikAra kA mArga ____ jo AkramaNa kA ahiMsaka pratikAra karanA cAhegA1. vaha abhaya hogA, mauta se nahIM ddregaa| 2. vaha prema se ota-prota hogA--mAnavIya ekatA meM aTUTa AsthA rkhegaa| AkrAntA ke prati mana meM ghRNA nahIM laayegaa| 3. vaha manobalI hogA-anyAya se asahayoga karane kI bhAvanA ko kisI bhI sthiti meM nahIM chodd'egaa| abhaya, prema aura manobala kI dIkSA se dIkSita vyakti AkramaNa ko jisa tatparatA se viphala kara sakate haiM, usa tatparatA se use ve sainika viphala nahIM kara sakate, jo zastra-sajjita aura zarIra-bala se samartha hote haiM / AcArya hemacandra ne isI bhAva se likhA thA-yuddha meM vijaya saMdigdha hotI hai aura janasaMhAra nizcita / isalie jaba taka dUsare upAya sambhava hoM, taba taka yuddha na kiyA jaaye| maiM ise isa bhASA meM socatA hUM-yuddha meM vijaya nizcita ho, phira bhI vaha na kiyA jaaye| kyoMki vaha samasyA kA samAdhAna nahIM / vaijJAnika yuga kA manuSya kyA vAyuyAna ko chor3a bailagAr3I meM yAtrA karanA pasanda karegA? Aja kA buddhivAdI manuSya vizva-rAjya kI kalpanA ko chor3a yuddha karanA pasanda karegA? yuddha Aja ke vikasita mAnava ke sira para kalaMka kA TIkA hai| sacamuca ise daphanAkara hI manuSya apane-Apako buddhivAdI kahAne kA adhikArI jo loga yaha socate haiM ki AkramaNa pratyAkramaNa se hI viphala ho sakatA hai, unakA cintana vikalpa-zUnya hai| kintu ahiMsAvAdI kA cintana nirvikalpa nahIM hai / usakI dRSTi meM pratyAkramaNa kA vikalpa hai, ahiMsaka prtikaar| kucha loga yaha mAnate haiM-hiMsaka pratikAra kI apekSA ahiMsaka prati

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yuddha aura ahiMsaka pratikAra 131 kAra zreSTha hai, para prazna yaha hai ki vaha kaise kiyA jAye ? maiM mAnatA hUManuzAsana, abhaya, prema aura manobala kA vikAsa ho to ahiMsaka pratikAra karane meM koI kaThinAI nahIM hotI / hameM janatA ko ina tIna bAtoM se dIkSita karanA cAhie ki vaha AkramaNa kA ahiMsaka pratirodha karane ke lie AkrAntA kA sahayoga na kare, usakA zAsana svIkAra na kare aura usake anucita paga kA virodha kare / cauthI bAta yaha hai ki jaba taka AkrAntA apane deza se lauTa na jAye, taba taka isa pratikAra-paddhati meM zithilatA na Ane deN| yaha pratikAra kI paddhati kabhI viphala nahIM hogii| yaha sahI hai ki AkrAntA ke sAtha asahayoga karane para kaSTa jhelane par3ate haiM, usakA zAsana svIkAra na karane para yAtanAeM sahanI par3atI haiM, usakA virodha karane para bAdhAoM kA sAmanA karanA par3atA hai, kintu yaha saba sahe jA sakate haiM jaba ahiMsA janatA kA Atma-dharma banatA hai aura usakI ArAdhanA ke lie vaha anuzAsita, abhaya, premamaya aura manobalI banatA hai| mahAtmA gAMdhI ahiMsA ko dharma mAnate the aura kAMgresa ne use nIti ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA thA / mahAtmA gAMdhI jana-mAnasa ke preraka the aura kAMgresa ne zAsana kA bhAra sNbhaalaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki kAMgresa sarakAra ne zastra-sajjA ko protsAhana diyA aura ahiMsaka pratikAra kA mArga cunaa| ahiMsA usakA dharma hotA to aisA kabhI nahIM hotA para vaha usakI nIti thI, isalie usameM parivartana huaa| dharma sarvathA aparivartanIya hotA hai, nIti aparivartanIya nahIM hotii| __ mere lie ahiMsA nIti nahIM kintu Atma-dharma hai| maiM use chor3a koI anya bAta soca hI nahIM sktaa| hiMsA kA samarthana mere lie sarvathA asambhava hai| maiM bhAratIya nAgarika ko yahI parAmarza dUMgA ki vaha ahiMsA ke pratikAra ke lie zakti-saMcaya kare aura yuddha ke kagAra para khar3e hue vizva ke sAmane eka Alambana prastuta kre|

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yuddha kA samAdhAna : ahiMsA ahiMsA ke dvArA yadi hama pratirodha kI bAta karate haiM taba vaise hI pratirodhAtmaka astroM ko DhUMDhanA hogaa| gAMdhIjI ne isa kSetra meM savinaya avajJA Andolana, satyAgraha, dharanA Adi kucha sAdhanoM kA prayoga kiyA thaa| Aja bhI inakA prayoga hameM yadA-kadA dekhane-sunane ko milatA hai| kintu pratIta aisA hotA hai ki gAMdhIjI ke samaya ina astroM meM jo prabhAva thA, vaha Aja naSTa ho gayA hai / aisA kyoM huA? isake uttara meM mujhe aisA jaMcatA hai ki Aja ina pravRttiyoM kI vizuddhatA vilupta ho gayI hai| ina sAdhanoM kA prayoga karane vAle Aja bhI gAMdhI aura unake AdarzoM aura una AdarzoM ko prApta karane ke sAdhanoM kA bakhAna karate haiM, kintu phira bhI Ama janatA ko una sAdhanoM kI bhUmikA meM vizuddhatA najara nahIM aatii| maiMne pahale bhI kahA thA ki ahiMsAtmaka pratirodha meM deza, kAla aura paristhiti kA vicAra karate hue nirNaya honA cAhie; baise hI isake lie AgrahamuktatA, taTastha aura vinamra dRSTikoNa tathA Atmotsarga kA tIvra bhAva honA bhI jarUrI hai / ina sabake abhAva meM ina sAdhanoM kI pavitratA samApta ho jAtI hai aura ve hataprabha ho jAte haiN| __maiM aisA mAnatA hUM ki ahiMsAtmaka pratirodha meM apane sahayoga kA samAharaNa ho sakatA hai| apane asahayoga ke dvArA dUsare vyakti ko bAdhya bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai, kintu usameM balAtkAra mAnya nahIM / balAtkAra svayaM hiMsA hai / apane vicAroM ko manavAne ke lie apane sahayoga kA samAharaNa eka alaga bAta hai aura usake lie pratipakSa ko balAt bAdhya kiyA jAe, yaha eka alaga bAta hai / hama gherAva ko hI leM / gherAva meM hiMsAtmaka upakaraNa kA Azraya nahIM liyA jAtA, yaha ThIka hai / phira bhI maiM ise ahiMsA ke sAdhana meM nahIM le sakatA, kyoMki isameM Atmotsarga kI bhAvanA vilupta hai| pratipakSa ko isameM eka prakAra se kaida kara liyA jAtA hai / ahiMsA meM apane utsarga se sAmane vAle ko bAdhya kiyA jA sakatA hai| apanI zakti (samUha-zakti) se kisI ko bAdhya kiyA jAnA ahiMsA nahIM hai / zakti kA prayoga hI hiMsA hai, phira cAhe vaha kisI bhI prakAra kI kyoM na ho| isa prakAra savinaya avajJA Andolana, satyAgraha, gherAva Adi sAdhanoM kI bhUmikA meM vizuddhatA, taTastha dRSTikoNa, deza, kAla aura paristhitiyoM kA sahI vicAra aura Atmotsarga kI bhAvanA nihita ho to maiM samajhatA hUM, ahiMsA

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yuddha kA samAdhAna : ahiMsA ko inheM svIkArane meM saMkoca nahIM hai| ve AdhAra hI ina sAdhanoM ko saphala banAne vAle haiN| ina AdhAroM kI gauNatA bhI saphalatA meM saMdeha utpanna karatI hai| gAMdhIjI jaba namaka kA kAnUna tor3ane ke lie daNDI-yAtrA para nikale, unhoMne bahanoM ko usa satyAgraha meM nahIM liyaa| kastUrabA, mIThU bahana Adi ko yaha bahuta akharA / unhoMne gAMdhIjI se zikAyata ke svara meM kahA---Apa jaba striyoM ko puruSoM ke samAna darjA dene kI bAta karate haiM, phira isa satyAgraha meM hameM zarIka kyoM nahIM kara rahe haiM ? kyA Apako hamArI kSamatA aura balidAna kI bhAvanA meM saMdeha hai ? yadi nahIM to hameM Apako isa Andolana meM zarIka karanA hogaa| gAMdhIjI ne kahA-~-mujhe tuma logoM kI kSamatA aura balidAna kI bhAvanA meM koI saMdeha nahIM hai| phira bhI maiM tumheM isa Andolana meM nahIM le rahA hUM, isakA dUsarA kAraNa hai| tuma jAnatI ho, aMgreja eka sabhya jAti hai| vaha kadAcita striyoM para hAtha na uThAe aura striyoM ko dekhakara hama logoM para bhI anukampA kara de| maiM nahIM cAhatA ki isa kAraNa se lAThI-cArja yA golIcArja na ho, kyoMki hamAre sAtha meM mahilAeM haiN| dUsare, isa Andolana meM mahilAoM ke zAmila hone ko anya loga sahaja hI hamAre bacAva ke sAdhana ke rUpa meM maaneNge| maiM cAhatA hUM, svayaMsevakoM ke balidAna meM koI bAdhA na Ae aura yaha Andolana kamajora na bane, isalie maiM isa satyAgraha meM mahilAoM ko zAmila hone kI anumati nahIM de sakatA huuN| isa udAharaNa se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki ahiMsA ko kisa bhUmikA taka kauna-sI cIja mAnya hai ? usa bhUmikA ke abhAva meM vahI sAdhana amAnya ho sakatA hai / Aja mujhe isa pavitra bhUmikA kA abhAva najara AtA hai| phira koI bhI sAdhana samucita kaise Thahara sakatA hai ? prazna sAdhanoM kA nahIM, bhUmikA nirmANa kA hai| kyA ahiMsA yuddha kA samAdhAna bana sakatI hai ? yuddha kA samAdhAna asaMdigdha rUpa se ahiMsA hI hai| hiMsA meM kabhI anta na hone vAlI zastra-paramparA hai / zastra-paramparA se kabhI yuddha kA anta A hI nahIM sktaa| yuddha kA vAstavika anta ahiMsA se hI saMbhava hai| zakti-saMtulana ke abhAva meM baMda hone vAle yuddha kA anta nahIM hotaa| vaha virAma dUsare yuddha ke taiyArI ke lie hotA hai, zakti-saMcaya ke lie hotA hai| isalie hI to Aja kI zAnti kA artha hai-do yuddhoM kA vaha madhya-kAla, jisameM agrima yuddha ke pUrva taiyArI hotI hai| yaha ahiMsA kA siddhAnta pakSa hai ki yuddha kA vAstavika samAdhAna

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134 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja ahiMsA hI hai / aba hama isake vyavahAra-pakSa ko leN| yuddha apane Apa meM deza, kAla aura paristhitiyoM kI vivazatA hai / paraspara TakarAne vAlI paristhitiyAM hI yuddha ko janma detI haiM kintu kyA yuddha una paristhitiyoM kA samAdhAna bhI hai ? samAdhAna ApasI sauhArda aura mitra-bhAva meM se hI A sakatA hai| isase spaSTa hai yuddha paristhitiyoM ko dabA sakatA hai, zAnta nahIM kara sktaa| dabI huI cIja jaba bhI avasara pAkara uphanatI hai, dugune vega se ubharatI hai| dUsarA mahAyuddha aura tIsare mahAyuddha kI cinagAriyAM isake jvalaMta pramANa haiN| isa hAlata meM ekamAtra ahiMsA meM hI isakA AzvAsana dIkhatA hai| ahiMsA meM paristhitiyoM ke samApana kI kSamatA hai kintu yaha yuddha ke pUrva yA pazcAt ke samaya meM kAryakara hotI hai / yuddha ke samaya meM ahiMsA kyA kare, isa prazna kA uttara to kaThina nahIM; vyavahAra avazya kaThinatA liye hai| kyoMki usa vyavahAra ke lie samucita bhUmikA, prabhAvazAlI netRtva, ahiMsA ke prati ananya niSThA aura usake lie mara-miTane vAle balidAniyoM kI apekSA hai / jaba taka inakA abhAva hotA hai, taba taka ahiMsA meM teja nahIM A sktaa| nisteja ahiMsA hiMsA se bhI gayI-gujarI hotI hai| yuddha eka bhayaMkara jvara hai / jvara ke upazamana ke lie usakA bhItarI tApa nikalanA jarUrI hotA hai / isa dRSTi se kabhI-kabhI yuddha ko Avazyaka bhI samajhA jAtA hai / uttApa kA upazamana ho, isameM koI do mata nahIM / kintu usa zamana kA mArga yuddha hI ho, yaha avazya vicAraNIya hai| zarIra-zAstriyoM kA abhimata hai ki teja jvara ko ekadama tor3a denA athavA kRtrima sAdhanoM se use kama karane kA prayatna karanA aneka dUsarI pratikriyAoM ko janma denA hai| yaha dUsare aneka rogoM kA kAraNa hai| inakI apekSA usa uttApa ko sahaja rUpa se aura apanI sahaja gati se bAhara nikalane denA, aneka rogoM se mukti pAne kA rAstA hai| upavAsa, ThaNDa aura garmI kA saMtulana Adi sAdhanoM se bhayaMkara jvara bhI svAsthya ke lie varadAna bana jAte haiN|| yahI vicAra ahiMsA ke sAtha maiM dekhatA huuN| vaise to yuddha kI niyamasaMhitA bhI kyA ahiMsAparaka nahIM hai ? aspatAla, dharma-sthAna, skUla-kaoNlejoM Adi para AkramaNa nahIM karanA, AbAdI vAle sthAnoM para bamabArI nahIM karanA, asanika ThikAnoM para AkramaNa nahIM karanA Adi aneka niyama mAnavIya dRSTikoNa para hI AdhArita haiN| isI vicAra ko aura adhika vikasita kiyA jA sakatA hai| bharata aura bAhubalI ke bIca yuddha kA honA anivArya ho gayA, taba yaha socA gayA ki sArI nirIha janatA ko ina yuddha kI lapaToM meM kyoM jhoMkA jAe? saMgharSa jaba do vyaktiyoM ke bIca hai, taba zeSa prajA ko yaha utpIr3ana kyoM diyA jAe ? dvandva-yuddha ho, jisase zakti-parIkSA ho jAe aura lAkhoM kI saMkhyA meM hone vAlA

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yuddha kA samAdhAna : ahiMsA 135 narasaMhAra bhI Tala jAe / antataH yahI huA aura eka bhISaNa narasaMhAra sahaja hI Tala gyaa| yaha vicAra ahiMsA kI ora eka kadama hai / una paristhitiyoM meM yaha eka mahattvapUrNa prayoga thA / Aja kI paristhitiyAM bhinna haiN| phira bhI isa udAharaNa ke AdhAra para koI vyAvahArika samAdhAna nikAlA jA sakatA hai, aisA merA vizvAsa hai / siddhAMta-pakSa ko vyAvahArika rUpa milanA jarUrI hai| yuddha kI paristhitiyoM aura pariNAmoM ko dekhate hue vizvAsa aura AzvAsana bhI ahiMsA meM hI dIkhatA hai / AvazyakatA kevala eka vyApaka netRtva kI hai, jisakA abhAva aba samApta ho, yaha jarUrI hai|

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aNubama nahIM : aNuvrata cAhie 'vijJAna aura takanIkI vikAsa ke kAraNa manuSya ko saMhAra kI bhayAnaka zakti mila gaI hai| para prazna yaha hai ki kyA usameM mAnava jAti ko bacAne kI bhI samajhadArI AI hai ? Aja hamAre sAmane sabase bar3I cunautI mAnavatA ke prati niSThA aura lagAva paidA karane kI hai|' eka antarrASTrIya sammelana ke udghATana bhASaNa meM bhArata ke pradhAnamaMtrI zrI rAjIva gAMdhI ke ukta vicAra isa bAta ke sAkSI haiM ki Aja deza ke cintanazIla aura dAyitvazIla logoM ko sabase bar3I cintA mAnavatA ko bacAne kI hai| yaha eka prAsaMgika aura apekSita cintA hai / Aja mAnavatA ko bacAne se adhika koI karaNIya kAma pratIta nahIM hotaa| manuSya audyogika aura yAMtrika vikAsa kara pAe yA nahIM, inase mAnavatA kI koI kSati nahIM hone vAlI hai, kintu usameM mAnavIya guNoM kA paryApta vikAsa nahIM hotA hai to kucha bhI nahIM hotA hai| eka mAnavatA bacegI to saba kucha bacegA / jaba isakI surakSA nahIM ho pAyI to kyA bacegA? aura usa bacane kA artha bhI kyA hogA ? manuSya eka sarvAdhika zaktizAlI prANI hai, isa tathya ko sabhI dharmoM ne svIkAra kiyA hai| para mAnava jAti kA durbhAgya yaha rahA ki usakI zakti mAnavatA ke vikAsa meM khapane ke sthAna para usake hrAsa meM khupa rahI hai| mAnavatA kI surakSA ke lie jisa UrjA ko saMgRhIta kiyA gayA thA, vaha hathiyAra kA rUpa lekara usakA saMhAra kara rahI hai| manuSya ke mana kI dharatI para ugI huI karuNA kI phasala krUratA se bhAvita hokara dhIre-dhIre samApta hotI jA rahI hai / yaha eka aisA bhogA huA yathArtha hai, jise koI bhI saMvedanazIla vyakti nakAra nahIM sktaa| pAnI ko jIvanadAtA mAnA jAtA hai, sarvottama tattva mAnA jAtA hai phira bhI usake svabhAva kI vicitratA yaha hai ki vaha DhalAna kA sthAna prApta hote hI nIce kI ora bahane lagatA hai / dUsaroM ko jIvana dene vAlA jala bhI jaba nIce kI ora jAne lage to use kauna roka sakatA hai ? yahI sthiti Aja ke manuSya kI hai / sarvAdhika zaktizAlI hokara bhI vaha svayaM kA duzmana ho jAe, karuNA ko bhUlakara krUra bana jAe to use kauna samajhA sakatA bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA hai-'purisA ! tumaMsi nAma sacceva jaM haMtavvaM ti mannasi'-puruSa jise haMtavya mAnatA hai, vaha tU hI hai, kevala tU hii| isa

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aNubama nahIM : aNuvrata cAhie zAzvata satya kA saMdeza yA to una logoM taka pahuMcA nahIM hai yA unhoMne ise sunakara bhI anasunA kara diyA hai, jo apanI buddhi aura zakti ko manuSya jAti ke vyApaka hanana meM lagA rahe haiN| isa bAta ko saba mAnate haiM ki vijJAna ne bahuta tarakkI kI hai| yaha bahuta acchI bAta hai| vijJAna kI pragati se aneka ajJAta rahasyoM para girA huA pardA haTA hai, kintu isa bAta ko bhI hameM nahIM bhUlanA cAhie ki vijJAna meM tAraka aura mAraka donoM zaktiyAM hotI haiN| koI AdamI usakI tAraka zakti ko bhUlakara mAraka zakti ko hI kAma meM lene lage, isameM vijJAna kA kyA doSa ? paurANika mAnyatA ke anusAra bhagavAn ne AdamI ko do pur3iyA dI aura kahA-eka pur3iyA meM paisA hai aura dUsarI meM ImAna / tuma paisA bikherate jAo aura ImAna baTorate jaao| AdamI ne donoM pur3iyA hAtha meM lI / eka pur3iyA ko usane bikhera diyA aura dUsarI ko sahejakara rakha liyaa| rakha to liyA, para kucha ulTA ho gyaa| usane paise ke sthAna para ImAna ko bikhera diyA aura ImAna ke badale paise ko baTora kara rakha liyaa| yahI bAta vijJAna ke saMdarbha meM hai / usake sAtha mAnavatA yA mAnava jAti ko bacAne kI jo vilakSaNa zakti hai, use bhulA diyA gayA aura saMhAra kI bhayAnaka zakti ko ujAgara kiyA gyaa| isa viparyAsa ko dUra karane ke lie samyak dRSTikoNa ke nirmANa kI AvazyakatA hai / vijJAna kI dena aNubama kI vibhISikA ko samApta karane meM aNuvrata kI mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA hai| mAnavatA ko bacAne kI cintA karane vAle kisI bhI vyakti kA ghoSa hogA'aNubama nahIM, aNuvrata caahie|'

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eTamI yuddha TAlane kI dizA meM pahalA prayAsa 8 disambara 1987 kA dina vizva itihAsa kA mahattvapUrNa dina ho gyaa| isa dina amerikA ke 'vhAiTa hAusa' meM soviyata netA mikhAila gorbAceva aura amerikI rASTrapati ronAlDa rIgana ne madhyama dUrI ke paramANu prakSepAstra samApta karane kI saMdhi para hastAkSara kara die| duniyA ko eTamI yuddha ke khatare se ubArane ke lie kie gae prayatnoM meM yaha prathama saphala prayatna hai / isase pahale san 1985 meM jenevA meM aura san 1986 meM rikyAvika meM isa Azaya kI do baiThakeM huI thIM, jo saphala nahIM ho sakA / san 1986 ke navambara mahIne meM gorbAceva bhArata Ae the| bhArata ke pradhAnamaMtrI rAjIva gAMdhI se ve mile| donoM netAoM ne zAMtipUrNa saha-astitva aura isa sadI ke anta taka ANavika astroM ko naSTa karane kI dRSTi se bAtacIta kI aura eka dasa sUtrI ghoSaNA patra para hastAkSara kie| usa ghoSaNApatra ke kucha sUtra ye haiM ahiMsA ko sAmAjika jIvana kA AdhAra mAnA jaae| bhaya aura sandeha kI jagaha sadbhAva aura vizvAsa kA vAtAvaraNa banAyA jAe / zAMtipUrNa saha-astitva ko antarrASTrIya sambandhoM kA AdhAra banAyA jAe / * paramANu hathiyAra mukta aura ahiMsaka vizva banAne ke lie turanta Thosa kAryavAhI kI jAe / ina sUtra ko par3hane se aisA nahIM lagatA ki soviyata aura bhArata ke zIrSastha netAoM ne aise sUtra die haiN| ina sUtroM meM bhagavAn mahAvIra kI AtmA bola rahI hai, mahAtmA gAMdhI kI AtmA bola rahI hai| isa ghoSaNA patra ke lie hamane 5 navambara 1986 ko aNuvrata bhavana meM milane ke avasara para bhArata ke pradhAnamaMtrI rAjIva gAMdhI ko sAdhuvAda diyA aura unake mAdhyama se soviyata netA gorbAceva taka hamArA sAdhuvAda pahuMcAne kA saMketa kiyaa| soviyata netA dera-savera ahiMsA ke rAste para Ae, yaha bhArata ke lie bhI gaurava kI bAta hai / usa ghoSaNA-patra ke saMbaMdha meM kucha logoM kI yaha pratikriyA thI ki ahiMsA aura niHzastrIkaraNa kI bAta karanA sarala hai, para eka sAmyavAdI rASTra dvArA usakI svIkRti bahuta kaThina hai / kauna-sA kAma kaThina hai aura kauna-sA sarala ? isakA nirNaya to samaya

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eTamI yuddha TAlane kI dizA meM pahalA prayAsa 136 hI kara sakatA hai / ghoSaNA-patra ke kucha kAryakrama avilamba lAgU ho ge| kucha kAryakrama antarrASTrIya nItiyoM se saMbaMdhita the| unakI kriyAnviti ke lie anukala samaya kI apekSA thI aura sambandhita dezoM ke netAoM kI sahamati bhI Avazyaka thii| isa dRSTi se kAma vahIM taka rukA nahIM / ahiMsA kI dizA meM kadama Age bar3he aura asaMbhava sambhava ho gyaa| duniyA ko paramANu hathiyAroM se mukta karane kI dRSTi se eka mahattvapUrNa samajhautA ho gyaa| yaha samajhautA huA una do mahAzaktiyoM meM, jinake saMtulana para pUre vizva kA saMtulana TikA huA hai| pichalI do bAra kI asaphala vArtAoM ke daura ne donoM rASTroM ke netAoM ko hatotsAha nahIM kiyaa| 'tIje loga patIje' isa kahAvata ke anusAra soviyata aura amerikA kI tIsarI zikhara vArtA pUrI taraha se saphala ho gii| isa vArtA meM pAMca sau se pAMca hajAra ki0 mI0 dUrI taka bhUmi para se mAra karane vAle prakSepAstroM ko naSTa karane kA prastAva svIkRta ho gyaa| kahA jAtA hai ki prakSepAstra donoM dezoM ke zastrAgAra ke mahattvapUrNa hathiyAra haiM / isase agale samajhaute meM hathiyAroM ke jakhIre ko AdhA kara dene kI saMbhAvanA puSTa kI jA rahI hai| yaha samajhotA san 1988 ke basanta meM mAsko meM karane kI ghoSaNA 'vhAiTa hAusa' se kI jA cukI hai| gorbAceva aura rIgana ke bIca hue isa samajhaute kA duniyA ke prAyaH sabhI dezoM ne hArdika bhAva se svAgata kiyA hai / koI deza ise sukhada bhaviSya kI zurUAta batA rahA hai, to kisI kI dRSTi meM yaha yUropa kI surakSA kA sapanA sAkAra huA hai| cAroM ora se prApta hone vAlI badhAiyAM isa bAta kI sAkSI haiM ki koI bhI vyakti, varga, samAja yA rASTra hiMsA nahIM cAhatA / eTamI Ayudha hiMsA ke mUrta pratIka haiN| inase bhaya, pratizodha aura pratispardhA ke bhAva jAgate haiM / ina AyudhoM ke rahate hue koI bhI nizcinta hokara nahIM baiTha sktaa| par3osI yA duzmana dezoM ke pAsa aise Ayudha hoM to kisI bhI rASTra ke sAmane bar3I cunautI khar3I ho jAtI hai / usa cunautI kA mukAbalA karane ke lie vaha zikSA, saMskRti, mAnavIya mUlya Adi tattvoM ko gauNa kara apanI sArI zakti senA aura zastroM para lagA detA hai / isase rASTra ke vikAsa meM jo bAdhAeM AtI haiM, ve kisI se ajJAta nahIM haiN| amerikA Arthika dRSTi se sampanna rASTra hai aura rUsa kI zastra-sampadA ko amerikA se behatara mAnA jAtA hai| amerikA apanI artha-zakti ke bala para rUsa kI zastra-zakti se Age bar3ha jAe to koI Azcarya kI bAta nahIM hai| Azcarya hai ina donoM mahAzaktiyoM dvArA apanI ANavika zaktiyoM ko naSTa karane kA phaisalA / yaha eka aisA phaisalA huA hai, jise bahuta varSoM pahale ho jAnA cAhie thaa| para 'jaba jAge tabhI saverA' aba bhI duniyA ke bar3e-bar3e

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140 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja deza ahiMsA kI zaraNa meM cale jAeM aura zastra-nirmANa meM lagI huI apanI cetanA ko vahAM se haTA leM to vizva zAnti ke kSetra meM bar3I upalabdhi ho sakatI hai / pUrvAgraha, bhaya, aham, saMdeha, spardhA Adi jina-jina kAraNoM se hiMsA ko bala milatA hai, unheM samApta karanA jarUrI hai / jisa dina aNu astroM para saMpUrNa pratibandha lagegA, krUra hiMsA rUpI rAkSasI ko kIla diyA jAegA, vaha dina samUcI mAnava jAti ke lie mahAna upalabdhi kA dina hogA / yaha merA vyaktigata sapanA hai / merA hI kyoM, na jAne kitane-kitane logoM kA sapanA hai / hama saba milakara prayatna kareM aura maMgala kAmanA kareM ki zAnti kA jo dvAra khulA hai, vaha khulatA hI calA jAe /

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samAja aura aparigraha

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vyakti aura samAja vyakti aura samAja--ye do vAstavikatAeM haiN| vyaktivAdI dArzanikoM kA siddhAMta yaha hai-'manuSya samAja se bAhara kA mAnava-prANI hai athavA raha sakatA hai / ' isa mAnyatA meM yaha vicAra nihita hai ki manuSya samAja meM praveza karane ke pUrva vyakti vizeSa hai| vaha apanI saMpatti, adhikAra, jIvana kI surakSA athavA anya kisI icchita uddezya kI pUrti ke lie sAmAjika vyavasthA kI sthApanA karatA hai| samAjavAdI dArzanikoM kA siddhAMta yaha hai-vyakti aura samAja ko eka-dUsare se pRthaka nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| mAnava-vikAsa ke itihAsa meM vyakti aura samAja donoM kA samAna rUpa se prAdhAnya hai| anekAntavAda vyakti aura samAja kI sApekSa vyAkhyA karatA hai| vyakti meM vaiyaktikatA aura sAmAjikatA donoM ke mUla tattva sannihita hote haiM / kSamatAoM kA honA vyakti kI vaiyaktikatA hai, unakA abhivyakta honA vyakti kI sAmAjikatA hai / isalie vyakti aura samAja bhinna-bhinna haiM / vyakti kI vaiyaktikatA kabhI khaMDita nahIM hotii| usakA kabhI vinimaya nahIM hotA / vyakti samAja kA abhinna aMga banakara bhI vyakti hI rahatA hai| isa artha meM vyakti samAja se bhinna bhI hai| vyakti apanI AkAMkSA, apekSA aura karma kA vistAra karatA hai, vinimaya aura parasparatA kA sambandha sthApita karatA hai, isa artha meM vaha samAja se abhinna bhI hai| vyakti kI sImA saMvedana hai / eka vyakti ko prema, harSa, bhaya aura zoka kA saMvedana hotA hai, vaha nitAnta vaiyiktaka hai / vaha saMvedana sAdhAraNa nahIM hai| usakA vinimaya nahIM hotaa| vaha dUsaroM ko diyA nahIM jA sakatA / vinimaya vyakti aura samAja ke bIca kA setu hai| usake isa ora vyakti hai, usa ora samAja / vyakti kA mUla AdhAra hai saMvedana aura samAja kA mUla AdhAra hai vinimaya / vastu sAmAjika hai, kyoMki usakA vinimaya kiyA jA sakatA hai / saMvedana vaiyaktika hai, kyoMki usakA vinimaya nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| samAjazAstrI mekAivara ke anusAra 'samAja sAmAjika sambandhoM kA jAla hai|' 'samAja sAmAjika sambandhoM kI eka paddhati hai, jisake dvArA hama jIte haiN| samAjazAstrI grIna ke anusAra 'samAja eka bar3A samUha hai jisase hara vyakti saMbaddha hai| ina paribhASAoM se spaSTa hai ki sambandha sthApita hotA hai aura jIne ke lie hara vyakti ke lie sambandha sthApita karanA Avazyaka

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144 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja hai / saMvedana na sthApita hotA hai aura na vaha jIne ke lie AdhArabhUta hai| vaha svAbhAvika hai / saMvedanA kI apekSA se vyakti vAstavika hai aura jIvanayApana kI apekSA se samAja vAstavika hai| ina donoM kI vAstavikatA meM koI virodha nahIM hai / vyakti samAja ko vAstavika mAnakara hI sukhapUrvaka jI sakatA hai aura samAja kI vAstavikatA ko dhyAna meM rakhakara sAmAjika mUlyoM kI surakSA kara sakatA hai| ___ samAja-vyavasthA ke AdhAra tattva do haiM-kAma aura artha / kAma kI sampUrti ke lie sAmAjika sambandhoM kA vistAra hotA hai / artha kAma-saMpUrti kA sAdhana banatA hai / dharma (vidhi-vidhAna) ke dvArA samAja kI vyavasthA kA saMcAlana hotA hai / prAcIna samAjazAstriyoM meM se kucheka ne kAma ko mukhya mAnA aura kucheka ne dharma ko / mahAmAtya kauTilya ne artha ko mukhya maanaa| unhoMne kahA-kAma aura dharma kA mUla artha hai / isalie isa trivarga meM artha hI pradhAna hai| Adhunika samAjavAdI samAja-vyavasthA meM bhI artha kI pradhAnatA hai / vaha artha para hI AdhArita hai| arthAdhArita samAja-vyavasthA meM vyakti kA svatantra mUlya nahIM ho sakatA / vyaktigata svatantratA ko niyaMtrita kie binA samAjavAdI vyavasthA phalita nahIM ho sakatI / vyakti apane saMvedanoM ko jitanA mUlya detA hai, utanA dUsaroM ke saMvedanoM ko nahIM detA / isalie vyaktivAdI samAja-vyavasthA meM do sthitiyAM nirmita huI---svArtha ko apekSA aura parArtha kI upekSA / phalataH usa vyavasthA meM aprAmANikatA, anaitikatA, zoSaNa aura bhraSTAcAra jaisI burAiyAM pnpiiN| ina burAiyoM se saMtrasta samAja ne samAjavAdI vyavasthA ke dvArA svArtha aura parArtha kI khAI ko pATane kA prayatna kiyA / vyakti ko vyaktivAdI samAja-vyavasthA jitanA svatantra mUlya die jAne para usa khAI ko pATA nahIM jA sktaa| isalie isa vyavasthA meM vyakti ko samAja ke eka purje kA sthAna denA pdd'aa| vyaktivAdI samAja-vyavasthA meM sAmAjika viSamatA phalita hotI hai / usameM kucha loga sampanna hote haiM aura jana-sAdhAraNa vipanna rahatA hai / sampanna loga bhoga-vilAsa meM Asakta rahate haiN| ve apanI sukha-suvidhA kI hI cintA karate haiM, dUsaroM ke hitoM kI cintA nahIM krte| unakI indriyaparaka AvazyakatAeM bar3ha jAtI haiN| ve bhoga se haTakara anya viSayoM para vicAra ke lie samaya hI nahIM nikAla pAte / vipanna logoM ko indriyaparaka AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti ke lie atyanta zrama karanA hotA hai| unheM vicAra kA avasara hI nahIM milatA / isa indriyaparaka samAja-racanA meM sAmAjika viSamatA calatI rahatI hai / rAjataMtra kA itihAsa isa bAta kA sAkSI hai / vicAraparaka samAjaracanA kA zrIgaNeza una logoM ne kiyA jo bhoga meM lipta nahIM the| usa vicAraparaka samAja-racanA ne hI samAjavAdI samAja-vyavasthA ko janma

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vyakti aura samAja 145 diyA / mahAvIra ne na samAja kI vyavasthA kI aura na samAja vyavasthA kA darzana diyA / unhoMne dharma kI vyAkhyA kI aura dharma kA darzana diyA / vaha dharma-darzana na vyaktivAdI hai, aura na samAjavAdI / vaha AtmavAdI hai / vyakti kA mAnadaMDa saMvedana hai, samAja kA mAnadaNDa vinimaya / dharma kA mAnadaNDa ina donoM se bhinna hai / usakA mAnadaNDa saMvedanAtIta cetanA aura akarma hai / jaina darzana samAja vyavasthA kA sUtra nahIM detA, kAma aura artha kA dizA-nirdeza nahIM detA, jIvana kI samagratA kA darzana nahIM detA, isalie vaha apUrNa hai / yaha tarka upasthita kiyA gayA hai aura yaha tathya se pare bhI nahIM hai / jaina darzana meM mokSa kI mImAMsA pradhAna hai / mokSavAdI darzana kA mukhya kArya dharma kI mImAMsA karanA hotA hai / isa sandarbha meM dharma kA artha bhI badala jAtA hai / kAma aura artha ke sandarbha meM dharma kA artha samAja vyavasthA ke saMcAlana kA vidhi-vidhAna hotA hai / mokSa ke saMdarbha meM usakA artha hotA hai -cetanA kA zodhana | mahAvIra ne jitane nirdeza die, ve saba cetanA kI zuddhi ke lie die / una nirdezoM se artha aura kAma prabhAvita hote haiM, svArtha para niyaMtraNa aura samAjavAdI samAja vyavasthA ko AdhAra prApta hotA hai, kintu inake lie mahAvIra ne kucha kiyA, aisA nahIM kahA jA sktaa| kyA mokSavAdI darzana aisA kara sakatA hai ? hiMsA aura parigraha ko sarvathA samAja vyavasthA meM se pRthak nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / mokSa-dharma kA maulika AdhAra hai- ahiMsA aura aparigraha | ataH samAja-vyavasthA aura mokSa-dharma ko eka AdhAra nahIM diyA jA sakatA / mokSadharma samAja vyavasthA ko hiMsA aura parigraha ke alpIkaraNa kA dizAnirdeza detA hai / yaha samAjavAdI samAja vyavasthA ke hita pakSa meM hai, isalie isa bindu para ina donoM kA milana ho sakatA hai / kintu donoM kA maulika AdhAra eka nahIM hai / vyaktivAdI samAja vyavasthA svArtha - zAsita thI, isalie usameM vyaktigata saMgraha para koI aMkuza nahIM thA / vyaktigata svataMtratA ke sAtha krUratA ke lie bhI pUrA avakAza thA / samAjavAdI samAja-vyavasthA rAjya - sattA se zAsita hai, isalie isameM sampatti para samAja kA prabhutva hai / isameM vyaktigata svataMtratA sImita ho jAtI hai / mokSa-dharma se prabhAvita samAja vyavasthA karuNAzAsita hotI hai / isameM vyaktigata svataMtratA aura saMgraha para aMkuza - donoM phalita ho sakate haiM / kintu isake lie sAmAjika caritra ko aura adhika udAtta karane kI apekSA hai / kyA anekAnta ke dvArA samAja vyavasthA aura mokSa-dharma kI ekatA sthApita nahIM kI jA sakatI ? kyA hiMsA aura ahiMsA, parigraha aura apari

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146 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja graha meM avirodha sthApita nahIM kiyA jA sakatA ? anekAntavAdI samanvaya aura sApekSatA ke dvArA virodha meM avirodha kI vyAkhyA karatA hai, isalie yaha prazna honA svAbhAvika hai| kintu hama isa tattva kI upekSA kara anekAnta ko nahIM samajha sakate ki jisa guNa kI apekSA se virodha hotA hai, usI guNa kI apekSA se avirodha nahIM hotA / padArtha meM nitya aura anitya-donoM guNa avirodhI haiN| kintu jisa guNa kI apekSA se padArtha nitya hai, usI guNa kI apekSA se vaha nitya nahIM hai| kintu nitya aura anitya-donoM guNa eka hI padArtha meM avirodhI bhAva se rahate haiN| isIlie padArtha nityAnityAtmaka hotA hai aura usa padArtha kI sApekSa dRSTi se sAmaMjasyapUrNa vyAkhyA kI jA sakatI hai| samAja-vyavasthA meM hiMsA aura ahiMsA, parigraha aura aparigraha-donoM tattva avirodhabhAva se rahate haiN| anekAnta ke dvArA samAja-vyavasthA aura mokSa-dharma kI ekatA sthApita nahIM kI jA sktii| hiMsA aura ahiMsA tathA parigraha aura aparigraha meM avirodha sthApita nahIM kiyA jA sakatA kintu samAja-vyavasthA ke sAtha unake sahAvasthAna kI vyAkhyA kI jA sakatI hai| hiMsA aura parigraha ko samAja-vyavasthA se pRthak nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, isa apekSA se samAja vyavasthA aura mokSa-dharma meM ekatA nahIM hai / samAja-vyavasthA meM hiMsA aura parigraha kI alpatA kI jA sakatI hai, isa apekSA se samAja-vyavasthA aura mokSa-dharma meM ekatA hai| dharma saMvedanAtIta hone ke kAraNa vaiyaktika nahIM hai, Atmika hai| kintu vaha vyakti kA apanA guNa hai, isa apekSA se vaha vaiyaktika bhI hai| naitikatA vyakti kA apanA guNa hai, isa apekSA se vaha vaiyaktika hai, kintu vaha dUsare ke prati hotI hai, isalie sAmAjika bhI hai| vaha sAmAjika hai kintu sAmAjika AcAra-saMhitA se abhinna nahIM hai| samAja kI AcAra-saMhitA deza-kAla ke bheda se bhinna-bhinna, parivartanazIla aura samAja kI upayogitA ke AdhAra para nirmita hotI hai / naitikatA deza aura kAla kI dhArA meM ekarUpa, aparivartanazIla aura dharma se prabhAvita hotI hai| dharma aura naitikatA ko zAzvata satya kI zreNI meM rakhA jA sakatA hai, samAja kI AcAra-saMhitA ko usa zreNI meM nahIM rakhA jA sktaa| ve donoM vyakti kI Antarika avasthAeM haiN| samAja kI AcAra-saMhitA samAja kA bAharI niyamana hai / yaha zuddha artha meM sAmAjika hai| naitikatA udgama meM vaiyaktika aura vyavahAra meM sAmAjika hai| dharma zuddha artha meM Atmika aura vyavahAra meM vaiyaktika hai| trivarga meM artha aura kAma ke sAtha jisa dharma kA ullekha hai vaha sAmAjika AcArasaMhitA hI hai| isalie mahAvIra ne kAma, artha aura dharma ko laukika vyavasAya kahA hai / smRtiyoM meM isI dharma kI vyAkhyA adhika mAtrA meM huI hai / sahasrAbdiyoM se bhArata kI bahusaMkhyaka janatA ne isI ko zAzvata

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vyakti aura samAja 147 satya ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai / isI ke AdhAra para usameM aneka avAMchanIya tattva vikasita hue, jinakA Aja ke samAjazAstrI dharma kI ina kusevA ke rUpa meM varNana karate haiM 1. rUr3hivAditA-dharma ne rUr3hivAditA ko janma diyA / usake nAma para janatA paramparA aura rIti-rivAja ko tor3ane kA sAhasa nahIM kara skii| 2. zoSaNa-dharma ke nAma para striyoM kA atyadhika zoSaNa hotA rahA hai / karmavAda ke siddhAnta ne garIboM ko zoSaNa ke viruddha krAnti karane se rokA 3. Alasya aura bhAgyavAditA-dharma ne bhAgyavAda ko pracArita kiyaa| phalata: janatA AlasI aura akarmaNya ho gii| 4. hiMsA aura yuddha --mAnava itihAsa ke pRSTha dharma ke nAma para kie gae nara-saMhAra aura jihAdoM se bhare par3e haiN| 5. ghRNA-samAja meM jAtIya bhedabhAva, ghRNA aura chuAchUta ke lie dharma uttaradAyI hai| samAjazAstrIya sAhitya meM dharma aura naitikatA kA antara isa AdhAra para pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai ki kucha bAteM naitikatA kI dRSTi se galata kintu dharma kI dRSTi se sahI hotI haiM / kabhI-kabhI dharma samAjahita ke virodhI AcaraNa kA vidhAna karatA hai / dharma ne chuAchUta kA vidhAna kiyA-naitikatA ko dRSTi se yaha galata hai / eka patnI apane krUra aura duSTa pati ko nahIM chor3a sakatI-dharma kI dRSTi se yaha sahI hai kintu naitikatA kI dRSTi se galata hai| sacAI yaha hai ki naitikatA manuSya ko Age le jAtI hai aura dharma manuSya ke vikAsa ko avaruddha kara detA hai| isa samUcI samAjazAstrIya samAlocanA kA AdhAra vaha smRtiyoM meM pratipAdita dharma yA trivarga kA dharma hai| jaina-bauddha, sAMkhya aura vedAnta ne jisa dharma kA pratipAdana kiyA hai usake viSaya meM isa prakAra kI samAlocanA nahIM kI jA sktii| inake dvArA pratipAdita dharma zAzvata satya kI vyAkhyA hai| usakA parivartanazIla samAja-vyavasthA meM koI hastakSepa nahIM hai / dharma ke nAma para samAja-vyavasthA kA pratipAdana nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / parivartanazIla tattva ko aparivartanazIla tattva ke nAma se pracArita karane para rUr3hivAditA paidA hotI hai| smRtikAroM ne parivartanazIla samAja-vyavasthA kA vidhAna kiyA / yadi usakA prastutIkaraNa zAzvata satya ke rUpa meM nahIM hotA to dharma kA rUr3hivAdI rUpa hamAre sAmane nahIM hotaa| striyoM kI hInatA kA pratipAdana bhI smArta dharma kI samAja-vyavasthA kA aMga hai| zAzvata dharma se usakA koI sambandha nahIM

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148 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja mahAvIra ne karmavAda kI sabase adhika vyAkhyA kI hai| unakA karma. vAda isa bAta kA samarthana nahIM karatA ki garIba-garIba hI rahegA aura use apanA karmaphala bhogane ke lie amIroM ke dvArA kie gae zoSaNa ko sahana karanA pdd'egaa| garIbI aura amIrI sAmAjika avasthAeM haiN| inakA sambandha samAja kI vyavasthA se hai, karmavAda se nahIM hai| mahAvIra ne puruSArtha kA pratipAdana kiyaa| unake dharma meM Alasya aura akarmaNyatA ko koI sthAna nahIM hai / puruSArtha ke dvArA karma ke pariNAmoM meM bhArI parivartana kiyA jA sakatA hai| mahAvIra ne ahiMsA ko sarvocca dhArmika mUlya diyaa| unakA sUtra hai-ahiMsA dharma hai, dharma ke lie hiMsA nahIM kI jA sktii| dharma kI rakSA ahiMsA se hotI hai, dharma kI rakSA ke lie hiMsA nahIM kI jA sktii| mahAvIra ne ghoSaNA kI-manuSya jAti eka hai / jAtIya bhedabhAva, ghRNA aura chuAchUta-ye hiMsA ke tattva haiM / ahiMsA dharma meM inake lie koI avakAza nahIM hai| ___ mahAvIra ne dharma ke tIna lakSaNa batalAe-ahiMsA, saMyama aura tapa / ye tInoM Atmika aura vaiyaktika haiN| inase phalita hone vAlA caritra naitika hotA hai| rAga-dveSamukta cetanA ahiMsA hai| yaha dharma kA AdhyAtmika svarUpa hai / jIva kI hiMsA nahIM karanA, jhUTha nahIM bolanA, corI nahIM karanA, brahmacarya kA pAlana karanA, parigraha nahIM rakhanA--yaha dharma kA naitika svarUpa hai| rAgadveSa-mukta cetanA Atmika svarUpa hI hai / vaha kisI dUsare ke prati nahIM hai aura unakA sambandha kisI dUsare se nahIM hai| jIva kI hiMsA nahIM karanA yaha dUsaroM ke prati AcaraNa hai| isalie yaha naitika hai / naitika niyama dharma ke AdhyAtmika svarUpa se hI phalita hotA hai| isakA udgama dharma kA AdhyAtmika svarUpa hI hai / isalie yaha dharma se bhinna nahIM ho sakatA / harbarTa spensara aura thaoNmasa haksale tathA Adhunika prakRtivAdI aura mAnavatAvAdI ciMtakoM ne dharma aura naitikatA ko pRthak sthApita kiyA hai| yaha saMgata nahIM hai / jo AcaraNa dharma kI dRSTi se sahI hai, vaha naitikatA kI dRSTi se galata nahIM ho sktaa| dharma apane meM aura naitikatA dUsaroM ke prati-ina donoM meM yahI antara hai / kintu ina meM itanI dUrI nahIM hai, jisase eka hI AcaraNa ko dharma kA samarthana aura naitikatA kA virodha prApta ho / samAjazAstriyoM ne dharma aura naitikatA ke bheda kA niSkarSa smRti-dharma ke AdhAra para nikaalaa| usa dharma ko sAmane rakhakara dharma aura naitikatA meM dUrI pradarzita kI jA sakatI hai, dharma ke dvArA samarthita AcaraNa ko naitikatA kA virodha prApta ho sakatA hai| vaha dharma rUr3hivAda kA samarthaka hokara samAja kI gatizIlatA kA avarodha bana sakatA hai|

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vyakti aura samAja 146 dharma kA AdhyAtmika svarUpa Atma-kendrita aura usakA naitika svarUpa samAjavyApI hai / isa prakAra dharma do AyAmoM meM phailA huA hai / isa dharma ke donoM rUpa zAzvata satya para AdhArita hone ke kAraNa aparivartanIya haiN| smRti-dharma (samAja kI AcAra-saMhitA) dezakAla kI upayogitA para AdhArita hai| isalie yaha parivartanazIla hai| isa parivartanazIla dharma kI aparivartanazIla dharma ke rUpa meM sthApanA aura svIkRti hone ke kAraNa hI dharma ke nAma para samAja meM burAiyAM utpanna huIM, jinakI carcA samAjazAstriyoM ne kI smRti-dharma ne artha ke arjana aura bhoga kA dizA-nirdeza diyA hai, kAma-sevana kI dizAeM bhI pradarzita kI haiM / yaha dizA-nirdeza karanA smRtidharma kA hI kAma hai / zAzvata dharma kA yaha kAma nahIM hai / usake dvArA yadi kAma aura artha kI parivartanazIla vyavasthA kA dizA-nirdeza ho to vaha zAzvata kA rUpa lekara samAja kI bhAvI vyavasthAoM meM gatirodha paidA kara detA hai, jaisA ki Aja ho rahA hai / smRti-dharma dvArA pratipAdita kAma aura artha kI vyavasthA meM zAzvata dharma kA sahayoga ho sakatA hai| mahAvIra ne yaha sahayoga kiyA thaa| unhoMne gRhasthoM kI dharma-saMhitA (yA naitika saMhitA) meM jo niyama nizcita kie, unase samAja-vyavasthA ko bhI bahuta sahArA milA / udAharaNasvarUpa ina niyamoM kA nirdeza kiyA jA sakatA hai 1. apane karmaka roM kI AjIvikA kA viccheda na karanA / 2. pazuoM para adhika bhAra na lAdanA / 3. jhUThI sAkSI na denaa| 4. apanI vivAhita strI ke atirikta kisI ke sAtha abrahmacarya kA sevana na krnaa| 5. saMgraha kI eka nizcita sImA karanA / usa sImA se atirikta __ saMgraha na karanA / 6. dhana-saMgraha aura bhogavRddhi ke lie dUsare dezoM meM na jAnA, Adi aadi| __ mahAvIra ne arthArjana aura kAma-sevana meM hone vAlI Asakti ko kama karane kA vidhAna kiyaa| kintu unake upabhoga kA vidhAna nahIM kiyaa| unhoMne dharmAcArya kI sImA kA kAma kiyA, kintu samAjazAstrI, arthazAstrI aura kAmazAstrI kI sImA kA kAma nahIM kiyaa| isa artha meM yadi koI unake darzana ko apUrNa mAne to mAnA jA sakatA hai| unake anuyAyI ko dUsarI vyavasthAoM para nirbhara honA par3atA hai yadi koI yaha Aropa lagAe to lagAyA jA sakatA hai| zAzvata dharma kI yaha apUrNatA aura para-nirbharatA na ho to smRti-dharma zAzvata ke svarUpa ko hI dhuMdhalA kara degaa| pUrNatA

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150 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja aura Atma-nirbharatA sApekSa hI ho sakatI hai| dharma aura naitikatA kI apekSA se vyakti vAstavika ho sakatA hai, kintu artha aura kAma kI apekSA se vaha vAstavika nahIM hai| artha aura kAma kI apekSA se samAja vAstavika ho sakatA hai kintu dharma aura naitikatA kI apekSA se vaha vAstavika nahIM hai| vyakti vAstavika aura samAja avAstavika-vyaktivAdI dArzanikoM kI isa svIkRti ne vyakti ko artha-saMgraha kI asImita svatantratA dekara zoSaNa kI samasyA ko janma diyaa| samAja vAstavika aura vyakti avAstavika-samAjavAdI dArzanikoM kI isa svIkRti ne vyakti kI vaicArika svatantratA ko rAjyapratibaddha kara mAnava ke yaMtrIkaraNa kI samasyA ko janma diyA / vyakti aura samAja kI sApekSa vAstavikatA kI svIkRti hI ina samasyAoM se samAja ko mukti de sakatI hai|

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svastha samAja-racanA kA saMkalpa sAmAjika mUlya vikasita hote haiM to vyakti sukha aura zAMti ke sAtha jItA hai / sAmAjika mUlya vighaTita hote haiM to aneka samasyAoM kA sAmanA karanA par3atA hai| isalie cintA honA svAbhAvika hai / para cintA yathArtha kI honI cAhie, upAyAtmaka honI caahie| kevala cintA ke lie cintA nhiiN| kabhI-kabhI arthahIna cintA ho jAtI hai, kevala tArkika cintA ho jAtI eka bAra do mUrkha Apasa meM bAta kara rahe the / bAta cala par3I tarkazAstrI kii| tarkazAstra kA niyama batAyA gayA ki AdamI maraNadharmA hai / jo janma letA hai vaha maratA hai| yaha eka nizcita vyApti hai| dUsarA mUrkha bolA"yaha bar3I samasyA hai / yadi saba AdamI marane vAle haiM to anta meM maregA use zmazAna kauna le jAegA ?" ___ yaha cintA to hai, kintu arthahIna cintA hai, kevala tArkika cintA hai| hamArI cintA sArthaka cintA honI cAhie, upAyAtmaka honI caahie| cintA kI niSpatti upAya meM aae| samAja ke mUlya adhika nahIM haiN| kevala tIna mUlya hai-ahiMsA, satya aura aparigraha / samAna-racanA ke ye tIna AdhAra haiM aura ye tIna sAmAjika mUlya haiM / ahiMsA ke binA samAja nahIM bntaa| satya ke binA bhI samAja nahIM banatA aura aparigraha ke binA bhI samAja nahIM bntaa|| hiMsaka AdamI samAja banA nahIM pAtA / samAja-racanA ke ina tIna AdhArabhUta tattvoM aura ina tIna mUlyoM kA vikAsa aura unake upAya bhI hamAre hAtha meM hoM, yaha Avazyaka hai| nirupAya vyakti kucha bhI nahIM kara sktaa| vahI vyakti saphala hotA hai jisake pAsa kucha upAya hotA hai / hama upAya kI mImAMsA kareM, usase pahale kucha samajha bhI leN| pahalA AdhAra hai-ahiMsA aura ahiMsA kA pahalA tattva hai-bhAvanA kA parivartana / hiMsA ke aneka kAraNa haiN| unameM eka bar3A kAraNa hai-bhAvanA, eka prakAra kI dhAraNA kA nyAsa / AdamI AdamI ko AdamI nahIM mAna rahA hai| yaha eka bhAvanA hai aura jaba taka isa bhAvanA kA parivartana nahIM hotA taba taka isa sAmAjika mUlya kA vikAsa nahIM ho sktaa| adhyAtma ke AcAryoM ne isa bhAvanA-parivartana ke lie kucha zabda die ---'Atmaupamya' 'AtmatulA', 'saba jIva samAna', 'saba jIva apanI AtmA ke

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152 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja jaise haiM / ' ye zabda bahuta mahattvapUrNa haiM aura gambhIra artha kI sUcanA dene vAle haiM / isa bhAvanA ke abhAva meM jAtIya vidveSa panapA, sAMpradAyika vidveSa panapA aura rAjya kA sImAgata vidveSa panapA / yadi yaha bhAvanA vikasita hotI ki saba jIva samAna haiM, merI AtmA ke jaisI hI hai dUsare kI AtmA, jaisI sukha-duHkha kI anubhUti mujhe hotI hai, vaisI ho sAmane vAle vyakti ko hotI hai, to yaha jAtIya aura sAmpradAyika Akroza-vidveSa kabhI panapa nahIM pAtA / vartamAna sthiti kyA hai ? eka kAlA AdamI hai aura dUsarA gorA AdamI hai / AdamI AdamI hai, kevala camar3I kA aura raMga kA antara hai / kintu gorA AdamI apane Apako zreSTha mAna rahA hai aura kAle AdamI ko nIca mAna rahA hai / eka savarNa hai, dUsarA asavarNa hai / savarNa apane ko zreSTha mAna rahA hai aura asavarNa ko nIca mAna rahA hai / yaha raMga ke AdhAra para vidveSa, jAti ke AdhAra para vidveSa, dhAraNAoM ke AdhAra para vidveSa hai / eka nAjI yahUdI ko hIna mAnatA hai aura yahUdI nAjI ko pAgala kuttA jaisA mAnatA hai / yaha jAtigata vidveSa hai / vicAradhArA ke AdhAra para bhI yaha vidveSa panapatA hai / eka sampradAya vAlA dUsare sampradAya vAle ko hIna mAna rahA hai aura apane Apako ucca pramANita kara rahA hai / ye sAre jo vidveSa panape haiM, ve isa AdhAra para panape haiM ki ahiMsA kA jo eka sUtra thA mAnava jAti kI ekatA kA, use bhulA diyA gayA / jaba hama sAmAjika mUlyoM ke hrAsa kI carcA karate haiM to isa bAta para hameM phira vicAra karanA hogA ki kahAM bhUla huI hai ? usa bhUla ko pakar3anA hogaa| jahAM darda hai vahAM aMgulI Tike taba to koI upacAra kI bAta ho sakatI hai| darda kahIM aura upacAra kahIM kiyA jAe to bahuta sArthakatA nahIM hotI / ThIka darda para aMgulI TikanI cAhie / 'manuSya jAti eka hai' - isa mUlya kI pratiSThA hamArI aneka samasyAoM kA eka samAdhAna hai / kucha logoM ne isa dizA meM prayatna kie| inameM sarvAdhika ullekhanIya prayatna hai mahAtmA gAMdhI kA / unhoMne ina sAre vidveSoM ko miTAne ke lie kAphI prayatna kie aura ahiMsA ke prati AsthA utpanna karane kA athaka prayAsa kiyA / kintu itihAsa isa bAta kA sAkSI hai, ghaTanAeM svayaM pramANa haiM ki vaha prayatna eka sImA taka saphala huA, kintu vyApaka stara para saphala nahIM ho sakA / isakA kAraNa yahI hai ki jo prayatna huA, vaha bar3e logoM meM huA / avasthA paka gaI, vicAra paripakva bana gae, dhAraNAeM paka gaIM, una logoM meM prayatna huaa| jaba taka eka prabhAvazAlI vAtAvaraNa rahA, paristhiti rahI, taba taka to lagA ki hindustAnI mAnasa ahiMsA ke nikaTa jA rahA hai, kintu jaise hI vaha sAyA uThA, vaha prabhAvI vyaktitva sAmane nahIM rahA aura hiMsA dekhate-dekhate ugra bana gii| jaise hI hindustAna aura pAkistAna kA vibhAjana huA, hiMsA ne kyA rUpa liyA ? kitanI ugratA sAmane AI ? isa

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svastha samAja - racanA kA saMkalpa 153 ghaTanA se eka niSkarSa nikAlA jA sakatA hai ki hiMsA kI zakti bhI kamajora nahIM hai | ahiMsA ko agara hama zakti-zAlI mAneM to hiMsA kI zakti bhI kama nahIM hai / ghaTanAoM ke AdhAra para aura itihAsa ke sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para to yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki samaya-samaya para hiMsA ne apanA jo raudra rUpa dikhAyA hai, ahiMsA utanA saumya rUpa nahIM dikhA pAI hai| to phira hama parAjaya svIkAra kara leM ki samAja ke lie ahiMsA kA mUlya koI sthAyI mUlya yA zAzvata mUlya nahIM hai aura hama hiMsA kA varaNa isalie kareM ki hiMsA kA mUlya samAja ke lie jyAdA kAragara hai / kintu yaha bhI svIkAra nahIM kiyA jA rahA hai| jahAM-jahAM hiMsA kI samasyA ugra banAyI hai, tatkAla dhyAna ahiMsA kI ora jAtA hai| jahAM vivAda ugra hotA hai, vahAM tatkAla dhyAna samajhaute kI ora jAtA hai / saba kahate haiM ki hiMsA kI samasyA sulajhanI cAhie, vivAdoM kA anta AnA cAhie / paMjAba kI samasyA ugra bnii| pUre rASTra kA dhyAna kendrita ho gayA ki AtaMkavAda samApta honA cAhie, hiMsA kI ugratA aba nahIM calanI cAhie / isakA artha yaha hai ki AdamI hiMsA cAhatA nahIM, karatA hai / basa, cAhatA ahiMsA hai, cAhatA zAMti hai kintu unmAda AtA hai aura unmAda meM vaha hiMsA kara DAlatA hai, zAMti bhaMga ho jAtI hai / do sthitiyAM haiN| eka hai unmAda kI sthiti aura dUsarI hai zAMta sthiti / zAMta sthiti meM AdamI ahiMsaka mUlya ko mahattva detA hai kintu unmAda jaba AtA hai, usa sthiti meM vaha hiMsA kara letA hai / hiMsA svAbhAvika yA naisargika mAMga nahIM hai / vaha eka asvAbhAvika paristhiti hai / hama kucha kAraNoM se prabhAvita hokara usa dizA meM cale jAte haiM / yaha bAta samajha meM AnI cAhie ki samAja kA mUlya ahiMsA hI ho sktaa| hai aura isI AdhAra para samAja banA hai / vaha nahIM hotA to samAja banatA hI nahIM / eka AdamI dUsare AdamI ko khAne aura kATane ko taiyAra rahatA / kintu sabase pahalA samajhautA yahI huA ki bhaI ! tuma bhI apanI sImA meM raho aura maiM bhI apanI sImA meM rahUM aura hama donoM sAtha-sAtha jIeM, samAja bana kara eM / AdamI ahiMsA kI bAta ko bhUla sA gayA hai / isa sthiti meM upAya kI bAta socanI cAhie ki kisa upAya se isa ahiMsA ke mUlya ko puna prasthApita kareM ? isa para jaba ciMtana karate haiM to aisA lagatA hai ki eka au prayoga kiyA jAe / vaha prayoga yaha ho ki bacapana se hI ahiMsA kI Astha utpanna kI jAe / jaba hiMsA kI AsthA utpanna ho jAtI hai, yaha dhAraNA bana jAtI hai ki hiMsA ke binA kAma nahIM calatA, phira use badalanA bahuta jaTila ho jAtA hai / bacapana ke saMskAra itane prabhAvI hote haiM ki bAda meM Ane vAle

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ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja saMskAra unake sAmane Tika nahIM pAte / eka prayoga karane kI jarUrata hai aura vaha prayoga hogA bacapana se ahiMsA kI AsthA kA nirmANa / / jIvana-vijJAna kI prakalpanA isI citana kA pariNAma hai| jina sAmAjika mUlyoM ko hama samAja meM dekhanA cAhate haiM, vikasita karanA cAhate haiM, una sAmAjika mUlyoM ko bacapana se hI pratiphalita karanA cAhie, unake prati AsthA paidA karanI caahie| Aja sabase bar3A saMkaTa hai AsthA kA / zraddhA itanI vicalita hai ki AdamI kahIM bhI Tika nahIM pA rahe haiN| eka ke bAda dUsarA aura dUsare ke bAda tIsarA aura tIsare ke bAda cauthA kadama Age bar3ha rahA hai / kahIM para jamAkara khar3e hokara AdamI kucha karanA nahIM cAhate / maiMne eka AdamI ko dekhA hai ki bacapana se hI usake mana meM sAdhanA kI bAta AI aura vaha sAdhanA karane calA kintu caMcalatA itanI ki kisI bhI bAta para jamA nhiiN| Aja eka paddhati ko apanAyA to tIsare dina dUsarI paddhati ko / aura sAtaveM dina tIsarI paddhati ko| badalatA gayA, badalatA gayA / Aja yaha sthiti hai ki vaha jahAM thA, lagabhaga vahIM hai, bahuta Age saraka nahIM pAyA / kahIM na kahI AdamI ko apanA para jamAkara khar3A honA hotA hai aura jaba vaha bindu prApta nahIM hotA hai to kahIM bhI hama kucha kara nahIM paate| hameM AsthA ko dRr3ha banAnA hai aura usake lie bhAvanA kA parivartana Avazyaka hai| zikSA ke sAtha isa saMskAra ko puSTa kiyA jAe ki 'saba jIva samAna haiN| saba jIva samAna hai'-yaha bAta bhI kucha amUrta bana jAtI hai / mUrta bAta, saguNa bhASA jyAdA prabhAvazAlI banatI hai| amattaM bAta kabhI-kabhI kamajora vana jAtI hai to phira isa AdhAra para eka siddhAMta vikasita kiyA ki saba jIvoM kI bAta hama chor3a deM para kama se kama jo hamAre sAmane haiM, hamAre jaise haiM, usake prati to yaha bhAva vikasita kareM ki mAnava jAti eka hai / dUsarA manuSya vaisA hI hai, jaisA maiM hUM / aura jaisA maiM hUM, vaisA hI dUsarA manuSya hai / itanI AsthA utpanna ho jAe to mAnavIya vyavahAra badala jAe aura yaha bacapana meM hI jyAdA saMbhava hai, kyoMki usa avasthA taka dUsare saMskAra hAvI nahIM hote, prabhAvI nahIM bnte| jaisA prAraMbhika pATha milegA, vidyArthI use jaldI pakar3egA / samAjazAstra ke anusAra jina mAlikoM aura dAsoM meM mAnavIya stara para cintana huA aura saMbaMdha sthApita hue unakA vyavahAra badala gyaa| eka bar3I krUra kahAnI rahI hai itihAsa kI ki mAlikoM ne apane dAsoM para itane krUra atyAcAra kie haiM ki unako mAnava nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| mAlika mAno manuSya ho aura dAsa jaise usakA pazu ho| pazu ke prati bhI utane atyAcAra yA krUra vyavahAra nahIM kie jAte kintu manuSya ke prati kie gae haiM aura itihAsa kI hajAroMhajAroM ghaTanAeM isa tathya kI sAkSI de rahI haiN|

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svastha samAja-racanA kA saMkalpa 155 Aja bhI dekhate haiM to bar3A Azcarya hotA hai| AdamI kucha arthoM meM AdamI se jyAdA pazu ko mUlya detA hai, kyoMki usakI upayogitA mAnatA hai| vahAM usakA apanA svArtha hai| eka ghor3A suvidhA ke sAtha rahatA hai / usakA sthAna hai vAtAnukUlita gRha / usakI sevA meM pAMca-pAMca, dasa-dasa naukara haiN| ghor3e para jitanA kharca ho rahA hai utanA usake paricArakoM para nahIM ho rahA hai, kyoMki ghor3A jyAdA upayogI hai / eka resa kA ghor3A lAkhoM rupae yA lAkhoM DAlara paidA karA detA hai, jabaki AdamI isakA eka tuccha aMza bhI lAbha nahIM detaa| AdamI kI sArI dRSTi upayogitA para, svArtha para aura lAbhAMza para TikI huI hai, mAnavIya stara para TikI huI nahIM hai| jina logoM ne isa sacAI kA anubhava kiyA, unakA vyavahAra badala gayA / mAnavIya vyavahAra ke lie sabase prathama bAta hai ki manuSya jAti kI ekatA meM AsthA utpanna ho| aisA hone para krUra vyavahAra karanA kaThina ho jAtA hai| ahiMsA kA pahalA sUtra hai-dhAraNA yA bhAvanA kA parivartana / dUsarA sUtra hai-prema yA maitrI kA vikAsa / hiMsA kA mUla hai-ghRnnaa| jaba taka ghRNA paidA nahIM hotI, AdamI hiMsA kara nahIM sktaa| lar3anA hotA hai, yuddha karanA hotA hai to sAmane vAle ke prati ghRNA paidA kI jAtI hai| yadi yahUdI jAti ke prati ghRNA paidA nahIM kI jAtI to lAkhoM yahUdiyoM ko binA mauta nahIM mArA jaataa| pahale ghRNA paidA kI jAtI hai aura phira hiMsA kI jAtI hai| Aja bhI jitanA AtaMkavAda cala rahA hai vaha sArA ghRNA ke AdhAra para cala rahA hai| AtaMkavAda kA prazikSaNa milatA hai| prazikSaNa meM sAmane vAlI jAti ke prati itanI ghRNA bhara dI jAtI hai ki phira use mArane meM koI saMkoca nahIM hotA / ghRNA hiMsA kA bahuta bar3A kAraNa hai / use badalanA aura usake sthAna para prema utpanna karanA atyanta Avazyaka hai| prema utpanna hone para phira koI kisI ko satA nahIM sktaa| ___ eka cora yA DAkU apanI patnI ke gahane nahIM curAtA, gharavAloM ko kabhI nahIM lUTatA / milAvaTa karane vAlA vyApArI bAjAra meM jAtA hai to kyA vaha apane parivAra ke lie milAvaTI dUdha yA milAvaTI sAmAna lAnA cAhatA hai ? vaha apane ghara meM acchA lAnA caahegaa| apanI patnI ko va apane baccoM ko kharAba cIja khilAnA nahIM caahegaa| vaha dUsaroM ko milAvaTI mAla becatA hai aura svayaM zuddha lenA cAhatA hai / isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki usakA parivAra ke prati prema hai / jahAM prema hai vahAM krUra vyavahAra ho nahIM sktaa| yadi cora yA DAkU krUra hI hote to unakA parivAra banatA hI nahIM / kintu ve apane parivAra ke prati bar3e dayAlu, bar3e premAlu hote haiM /

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156 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja prema utpanna karanA, prema kA vikAsa karanA, maitrI kA vikAsa karanA yaha ahiMsA kA dUsarA tattva hai| prema kI bahuta mahimA gAI hai hamAre saMtoM ne| kabIra ne yahAM taka likhA pothA par3ha-par3ha jaga muA, paMDita bhayA na koya / DhAI Akhara prema kA, par3he so paMDita hoya // Aja samasyA yahI hai ki zikSA ke sAtha saMvedanazIlatA, prema, maitrI yA karuNA ke vikAsa kI bAta bahuta jur3I huI nahIM hai| kahIM-kahIM hogI para jur3I huI nahIM hai| aura maiM yaha mAnatA hUM ki kevala zikSA yA par3hAI se hI yaha bAta Ane bAlI nahIM hai| prema ke jo kendra haiM zarIra meM, jaba taka unako nahIM chuA jAtA, karuNA ke kendroM ko nahIM chuA jAtA, taba taka ve vikasita nahIM hote| isa viSaya meM eka bAta aura spaSTa karanA jarUrI hogA ki hamAre zarIra kI racanA vahuta jaTila hai, hamAre mastiSka kI racanA bhI jaTila hai| use samajhe binA saMvedanazIlatA kA vikAsa nahIM ho sktaa| ghRNA kA kendra bhI hamAre mastiSka meM hai aura prema kA kendra bhI hamAre mastiSka meM hai| donoM vidyamAna haiN| aba jisako bala milegA vaha puSTa ho jAegA / jisako bala nahIM milegA vaha kamajora ho jaaegaa| do lar3ake haiN| jisa lar3ake ko pyAra milegA, vaha acchA bana jAegA aura jisako tiraskAra milegA, vaha sUkha jAegA / jisa podhe ko pyAra milegA vaha pallavita ho jaaegaa| jise pyAra nahIM milegA, pAnI nahIM milegA, jIvana nahIM milegA, vaha paudhA sUkha jaaegaa| smRti para khoja karane vAle vaijJAnika batalAte haiM ki hamAre smati ke rasAyana bar3e adbhuta haiM / eka rasAyana ko Apa hajAra bAra bala deM vaha puSTa ho jAegA aura vaha bAta 20-30 varSa taka barAbara ApakI smRti meM banI rhegii| yadi usako bala nahIM milegA to vaha rasAyana kamajora par3atA calA jAegA aura vismRti kI mAtrA bar3hatI calI jaaegii| prazna hai AvRtti kA, prazna hai pallavana kA aura prazna hai use poSaNa milane kA / hama una kendroM ko yadi pallavita karate haiM, unako chUte haiM to avazya hI ghRNA kI bhAvanA kama hotI hai aura prema kA vikAsa hotA hai| prekSAdhyAna kA eka prayoga hai-jyoti-kendra kA dhyAna / yadi jyotikendra para hama dhyAna kareMge aura bAra-bAra usako dekheMge, bAra-bAra usakA anubhava kareMge to prema, maitrI aura saMvedanazIlatA kI bhAvanA bddh'egii| aura yadi hamArA dhyAna jyAdA peTa kI ora jAegA, nAbhi ke AsapAsa parikramA karegA to krUratA kI bhAvanA, uddaNDatA kI bhAvanA aura ghRNA kI bhAvanA ko bala

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svastha samAja-racanA kA saMkalpa 157 milatA rhegaa| isa lie hama kisako chUeM yA kisako anachuA rakheM, yaha jAnanA bahuta Avazyaka hai / AcArya bhikSu ne bahuta mahattvapUrNa bAta likhii| unhoMne kahA--eka vyakti ne do bIja boe-eka Ama kA aura dUsarA dhatUre kaa| donoM pAsa pAsa meM the| usane apane lar3ake ko kahA ki paudhoM ko sIMcanA hai / lar3akA bholA thA, nA-samajha thaa| vaha dhatUre ke bIja para bahuta pAnI DAlatA, usakI rakhavAlI karatA, khUba sAra-saMbhAla karatA aura jo Ama kA paudhA thA use na pUrA pAnI detA, na rakhavAlI karatA, pUrA dhyAna bhI nahIM detA / pariNAma yaha huA ki Ama kA paudhA murajhA gayA aura dhatUre kA paudhA camaka utthaa| yaha nirNaya hameM karanA hai ki kyA hama dhatUre ke paudhe ko jyAdA pAnI de rahe haiM yA Ama ke paudhe ko jyAdA pAnI de rahe haiM ? hama kisakI jyAdA sAra-saMbhAla kara rahe haiM / jisa para adhika dhyAna degeM, vaha jyAdA vikasita hogA aura jisa para kama dhyAna degeM, vaha sikur3a jaaegaa| prazna hai ki hamArA dhyAna Aja kahAM hai ? dhyAna prema ke paudhe para hai yA ghRNA ke paudhe para hai ? hama pAnI kahAM sIMca rahe haiM ? hamAre lie yaha bahuta jvalanta prazna hai| pAnI to sIMca rahe haiM ghRNA ke paudhe para aura hama cAhate haiM ki amana se raheM, zAMti se raheM, kahIM AtaMka na ho, kahIM hiMsA na ho, lUTakhasoTa na ho, aparAdha na ho| hamArI kalpanA to calatI hai rAmarAjya kI ora, kArya calatA hai rAvaNarAjya kA / saMgati kaise ho ? ina visaMgatiyoM meM jIte huye hama mUlyoM kA vikAsa nahIM kara skte| yadi sacamuca hamArI AsthA hai mUlyoM kA vikAsa karanA, sAmAjika mUlyoM ko pratiSThita karanA, to hameM pAnI vahIM sIMcanA hogA jisase ki mUlyoM kA vikAsa saMbhava bana sake / anyathA bAta kucha aTapaTI-sI bana jaaegii| hameM apanI kamajorI kA pUrA anubhava nahIM hotaa| aura kabhI-kabhI aisA hotA hai ki jaba taka apanI kamajorI ko AdamI sApha nahIM rakhatA hai taba taka dUsarA use ThIka samajha hI nahIM pAtA / jaba kamajorI sAmane AtI hai to dUsarA ThIka samajha letA hai| para AdamI kI pravRtti hai ki vaha apanI kamajorI ko chupAnA cAhatA hai| eka dina eka AdamI apane mainejara ke pAsa jAkara bolA 'yaha jo mahilA TAipisTa mere sAtha kAma kara rahI hai, usakI sevA-nivRtti karanA cAhatA huuN|' mainejara ne pUchA- kyoM chor3anA cAhate hoM ?' usane kahA-yaha ThIka TAipa karanA hI nahIM jAnatI, bAra-bAra azuddha zabda likha detI hai, bAra-bAra mujhe taMga karatI hai, pUchatI rahatI hai ki isa zabda kA speliMga kyA hogA? usa zabda kA speliMga kyA hogA? mujhe batAne meM kitanA samaya lagAnA par3atA hai ?' mainejara ne kahA-'itanI choTI-sI bAta ke lie usako chor3anA kyA ThIka hogA? pUchane meM kyA Apatti hai ? tumheM pUchatI hai to tuma batA diyA kro|' usane kahA

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158 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja 'maiM bAra-bAra batAUM to mujhe bAra-bAra DiksanarI dekhanI par3atI hai / merA samaya aise hI vyartha calA jAtA hai|' ___ kamajorI to apanI hai aura chor3anA usako cAhatA hai / yaha eka bar3I samasyA hai| AdamI yadi apanI durbalatA ko ThIka samajha le to koI samAdhAna mila sakatA hai| para hama apanI kamajorI ko ThIka samajha hI nahIM pA rahe haiM / hamArI yaha kamajorI hai ki jahAM pallavana denA cAhie, hama svayaM use pallavana nahIM de rahe haiN| ___ ahiMsA kI carcA hajAroM varSoM se ho rahI hai| use Aja bhI Avazyaka mAnate haiN| usakI anAvazyakatA ko hama svIkAra nahIM karate / para usakA vikAsa nahIM ho pA rahA hai| usakA mUla kAraNa hai hamArI durbltaa| durbalatA yaha hai ki hama usake prati sacce mana se prayatna karanA nahIM caahte| Apa svayaM samajheM ki Aja hiMsA ke pIche jitanI mAnavIya zakti kharca ho rahI hai usakA eka pratizata bhAga bhI ahiMsA ke pIche kharca nahIM ho rahA haiN| bar3e Azcarya kI bAta hai| hamArI duhAI hai ahiMsA kI aura sArI zakti kA niyojana ho rahA hai hiMsA ke pIche / kyA yaha virodhAbhAsa nahIM hai ? hara AdamI zAnti se rahanA cAhatA hai aura usakI sArI pravRttiyAM azAnti ko siMcana de rahI haiM / kyA yaha virodhAbhAsa nahIM hai ? yaha saba kyoM ho rahA hai ? isalie ki bacapana se hI saMskAra dUsare prakAra ke bane hue haiN| eka bAra AcArya zrI ke sAmane eka prazna AyA ki choTe baccoM ko dIkSita nahIM karanA caahie| bar3A Andolana chidd'aa| usa sthiti meM AcArya zrI ne kahA---'maiM isa pakSa meM nahIM hUM ki choTe baccoM ko hI dIkSA dI jaae| kintu yaha mujhe spaSTa lagatA hai ki choTe bacce jitane yogya pramANita hote haiM utane zAyada bar3e yogya pramANita nahIM hote / yaha hamArA anubhava hai|' maiM kevala apanI paramparA kI bAta Apako batAUM ki ATha AcArya ho cuke haiM, AcArya zrI tulasI nauveM haiM aura dasavAM maiM Apake sAmane baiThA huuN| isa paramparA meM lagabhaga 10, 11, 12, varSa kI avasthA vAle AcArya hue haiN| AcArya zrI gyAraha varSa kI avasthA meM muni bane, maiM dasa varSa kI avasthA meM muni banA, aura bhI bane / para hamArA anubhava hai ki jo choTI avasthA meM bane, unhoMne jo sAdhanA kA vikAsa kiyA aura unake saMskAra jitane upayogI bane, bar3I avasthA vAloM ke nahIM bane / kAraNa spaSTa hai ki pahale gRhasthI meM ulajhe aura phira bAda meM muni bane to smRtiyAM donoM tarapha kAma karatI haiN| idhara to muni bana gae to muni-dharma ko nibhAnA hai aura smRtiyAM atIta vAlI kAma karatI haiN| ve baMdhana bAra-bAra sAmane A jAte haiN| yaha isalie thApako batA rahA hUM ki bacapana meM saMskAroM kI utanI tIvratA nahIM hotI, bAdhAeM nahIM AtIM. aura nae saMskAroM, naI AdatoM ko, paidA karane meM hameM

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svastha samAja-racanA kA saMkalpa 156 bar3I suvidhA hotI hai| jaba saMskAra rUr3ha ho jAte haiM, ajita AdateM jaba rUr3ha bana jAtI haiM taba unheM tor3anA hara kisI ke vaza kI bAta nahIM hotI / kucha vyakti apavAda ho sakate haiM ki jo bar3I avasthA meM bhI AmUlacUla badala sakate haiM, apanI AdatoM ko badala dete haiM, apane saMskAroM meM bhI parivartana lA dete haiN| kintu ise maiM sAdhAraNa ghaTanA nahIM maantaa| yAnI bar3A hone ke bAda saMskAroM ko badalanA eka vizeSa ghaTanA hai aura choTI avasthA meM saMskAroM ko na badalanA eka vizeSa ghaTanA hai| jaba ki sambhAvanA yaha hai ki choTI avasthA meM abhilaSita Adata kA nirmANa kiyA jA sakatA hai, vaha bahuta saMbhava isalie zikSA ke sAtha isakI bahuta saMgati baiThatI hai ki prArambha se hI baccoM meM vaisI AsthAoM kA nirmANa kiyA jAe, jinakI apekSA samAja rakhatA hai aura jinheM hama sAmAjika mUlya ke rUpa meM vikasita karanA cAhate ahiMsA kA tIsarA tattva hai.--kaSTa-sahiSNutA / hamAre sAmane do mArga haiM / eka hai suvidhA kA mArga aura dUsarA hai kaSTa-sahiSNutA kA mArga / maiM kaSTasahiSNutA kI carcA karUM to mujhe aisA lagatA hai ki maiM Aja kI dhArA ke pratikUla bAta kaha rahA huuN| Aja yuga kI dhArA suvidhAvAdI dhArA hai| sAre AzvAsana suvidhAvAda ke mila rahe haiN| eka vyakti cunAva lar3atA hai, vaha apane cunAva kSetra meM AzvAsana detA hai| AzvAsana sabase jyAdA yaha detA hai ki maiM tumheM adhika se adhika suvidhA upalabdha karAUMgA, aura usa AdhAra para cunAva meM hAra aura jIta hotI hai| zAyada pUrA kara sake yA na kara sake, para AzvAsana suvidhA kA degA, adhika se adhika suvidhA kaa| eka vyakti cunAva meM khar3A huaa| usane cunAva kA pracAra zurU kiyA aura kahA ki dekho, pahalI bAra tuma logoM ne mujhe jitAyA to maiMne gAMva-gAMva meM pAnI ke nala lagavA die| agara mujhe jitAoMge to naloM meM pAnI bhI A jAegA / AzvAsana detA hai aura usa suvidhA ke AzvAsana meM AdamI ulajha jAtA hai| __eka bar3I samasyA hai --- suvidhAvAdI dRSTikoNa / maiM usake pratipakSa meM kaSTa-sahiSNutA kI bAta kara rahA huuN| abhI garmI nahIM hai| yadi garmI ho to hara vyakti paMkhe ke Asa-pAsa baiThanA cAhegA, kamare meM baiThanA koI nahIM caahegaa| hamArI pravRtti hai suvidhA kI ora / sahaja AkarSaNa hai suvidhA ke prati / to kyA hama manuSya kI sahaja mAMga ko ThukarA kara koI aisI pratikUla dhArA kI bAta to nahIM kara rahe haiM jise asvAbhAvika kahA jAe ?

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samAja racanA ke AdhAra cetanA kA sambandha jJAna se hai| jJAna kA AdhAra hai vicAra aura bhAvanA | balavatI bhAvanA, icchA yA jAgRta viveka se jo kAma hotA hai, vaha manuSya kI svataMtra cetanA kI preraNA hai / sAmAnyataH icchA ke vinA koI kAma nahIM hotA para usa icchA kI preraka zakti icchA bhI ho sakatI hai aura vyavasthA kA dabAva bhI / vyavasthA ke dabAva se kAma hotA hai, burAiyAM miTatI haiM aura manuSya naye sAMce meM bhI DhalatA hai / kyoMki kisI sImA taka vyavasthA usake dvArA svIkRta hotI hai / samAja zAstriyoM kA abhimata hai ki vyavasthAoM ke dabAva binA koI samAja cala hI nahIM sakatA / zata-pratizata saphala hI meM burAiyoM ke karatA rahatA hai / samAja ke lie vyavasthAeM Avazyaka haiM para ve hotI haiM, aisI bAta nahIM hai / kyoMki jaba taka manuSya ke prati ghRNA nahIM hotI taba taka vaha prakArAntara se burAiyAM samAja kA bhaya aura saMkoca usake mana meM jhijhaka paidA karatA rahatA hai, kintu vaha jhijhaka pratyakSa rUpa se burAI karane taka sImita rahatI hai / parokSa meM saMkoca miTa jAtA hai, bhaya kA prabhAva bhI kSINa ho jAtA hai / prakaTa rUpa meM vyavasthA kI duhAI denA aura parokSa meM use tor3a denA vyavasthA ke sAtha AMkha-micaunI karanA hai / parokSa rUpa se bure kArya meM pravRtta hone vAlA vyakti apanI burAI para AvaraNa DAlane ke lie dUsare logoM ko bhI bhraSTa karatA hai / bhraSTAcAra eka saMkrAmaka roga hai / isake saMkramaNa se hI samAja meM nayI-nayI burAiyAM paidA ho rahI haiM / Aja kA zAsana-tantra isakA spaSTa udAharaNa hai / eka vyakti vyavasthA kA ullaMghana karatA hai, vaha adhikAriyoM ko rizvata dekara apane sAtha kara letA hai / kucha adhikArI mAnavIya durbalatA se abhibhUta ho paise kA pralobhana chor3a nahIM sakate isalie use niSiddha vastuoM ke vyApAra kI anumati mila jAtI hai, avaidha lAiseMsa prApta ho jAtA hai aura usake lie burAiyoM kA dvAra khula jAtA hai / isase vyakti kI mAnasika zakti kSINa hotI hai aura vaha burAiyoM se lar3ane kI kSamatA kho baiThatA hai / parokSa meM panapane vAle doSoM se bacAva karane ke lie ahiMsA kI pRSThabhUmi para ciMtana huA / ahiMsA ke kSetra meM dabAva kA sthAna svataMtra cetanA ko milA | svataMtra cetanA ko praharI banAkara kAryakSetra meM utArA jAe to na mAnasika durbalatA AtI hai aura na samAja meM doSa panapate haiM / isa krama se mana

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samAja racanA ke AdhAra 161 manuSya meM zakti kA praveza hotA hai / aise prayoga saphala bhI hue haiM / inakI saphalatA kA AdhAra adhyAtma aura ahiMsA ke prati AsthAzIlatA hai / aNuvrata kA AdhAra adhyAtma aura ahiMsA hai, ataH vaha nirmANa ke sAtha svataMtra cetanA kA sambandha jor3atA hai / svataMtra - cetanA ko jAgRta karane kI prakriyA - cetanA - jAgaraNa kA artha hai viveka-jAgaraNa / isake lie kucha mAnadaNDoM aura mUlyAMkanoM ko badalanA Avazyaka hai / kisI bhI yuga meM mUlyaparivartana kA kAma bahuta kaThina hotA hai; kyoMki isake lie vAtAvaraNa aura saMskAroM ko badalanA par3atA hai / Aja paise kA mUlya adhika hai isalie janatA kI zakti kA vyaya paisA baTorane meM ho rahA hai| isake sthAna para mAnasika zAMti kA mUlya adhika ho to paisA apane Apa gauNa ho jAtA hai / khAne kA eka mUlya hai, usake anusAra khAnA hI zreya hai / kintu dUsarA mUlya svAsthya kA bhI hai / jisa bhojana se svAsthya para burA prabhAva par3atA hai, dina bhara becainI rahatI hai, peTa phUla jAtA hai, usa bhojana se kyA lAbha hogA ? eka samaya thA, jaba satI-prathA kA sAmAjika mUlya thaa| pati ke pIche satI honA strI ke gaurava kA prazna thA / cittaur3a aura jaisalamera meM eka sAtha bIsa-bIsa hajAra striyoM ke jauhara kA itihAsa hai / kyoMki usa samaya meM jauhara kA aMkana thA | Aja vaha mUlya badala gayA, isalie satI prathA kA bhI anta ho gayA / mUlya- parivartana ke lie dRSTikoNa kI spaSTatA ke sAtha lAbha kI anubhUti karAnA bhI Avazyaka hai / lAbha aura alAbha ina do sthitiyoM meM hara vyakti lAbha kI sthiti svIkAra karanA pasanda karatA hai / lAbha kI sthiti meM bhI vaha prakRSTa lAbha dekhanA cAhatA hai / kisI vyakti ko yaha anubhava ho jAe ki prAmANika rahane meM jo saccA lAbha milatA hai, vaha aprAmANikatA se nahIM mila sakatA to usake dimAga meM aprAmANika banane kA cintana hI nahIM AegA / videzI citakoM ne isa para bahuta bala diyA ki naitikatA se vyApAra adhika saphala hotA hai / anaitikatA se tAtkAlika saphalatA mila sakatI hai, kintu vahAM dIrghakAlika lAbha se vaMcita honA par3atA hai| naitika vyakti eka bAra vyApAra meM asaphala bhI ho jAte haiM to unake mana kA saMtoSa khaNDita nahIM hotA / eka samaya bhArata ke vyApArI bhI prAmANikatA kA mUlya samajhate the / 'jAvo lAkha raho sAkha' yaha kivadantI manuSya kI naitika AsthA kA pratIka hai ! Aja yaha mAnadaNDa badala gayA hai / manuSya kI pratiSThA paise ke AdhAra para

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162 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja hone lagI | vyApAriyoM kI dRSTi paMse para TikI huI hai / bhAratIya vyApAriyoM kI aphasalatA kA sabase bar3A kAraNa yahI ho sakatA hai ki unhoMne apanI vyApAra nIti se naitika mUlyoM ko alaga kara diyA hai| Aja phira se ina mUlyoM ke pratiSThApana kI apekSA hai / aisA hone se hI manuSya kI svataMtra cetanA vikasita ho skegii| nayA - nirmANa vyakti aura samAja kA naye sire se nirmANa karanA aNuvrata kA uddezya hai / aNuvrata ke isa nirmANa kArya kA svarUpa kyA hai ? yaha tathya pahale hI spaSTa ho cukA hai ki aNuvrata mUlya parivartana ke mAdhyama se svataMtra cetanA dvArA vyakti-nirmANa aura samAja-nirmANa kA mArga prastuta karatA hai / samAja racanA ke mukhyataH tIna AdhAra haiM-vicAra, vyavahAra aura saMskAra | mUlya parivartana ke dvArA vicAroM, vyavahAroM aura saMskAroM ko naitika mUlyoM ke anurUpa DhAlanA sabase bar3A nirmANa hai / aNuvrata mUlya parivartana kI dizA meM sadA hI sakriya rahA hai / vaha apane isa prayoga meM saphala bhI rahA hai / dharmopAsanA ke sambandha meM kucha mUlyAMkana sthira the, jaise paraloka sudhArane ke lie dharma karanA cAhie / manuSya naitika bane yA nahIM para use dhArmika bananA cAhie / dharmAcaraNa ke lie dharmasthAnoM meM jAnA cAhie / avasthA vizeSa A jAne ke bAda dharmopAsanA ke lie samarpita ho jAnA cAhie Adi / ina mUlyoM ke AdhAra para dharma meM rUr3hatA A gaI hai| dharma ko rUr3ha hone se bacAne ke lie aNuvrata ne nayA darzana diyA dharma paraloka ke lie nahIM, vartamAna jIvana kI zAMti ke lie hai / manuSya dhArmika bane, para usase pahale naitika bananA jarUrI hai / kSetra aura samaya kI sImAoM se dharma kA koI anubaMdha nahIM hai / aNuvrata rUr3ha dhArAoM, mithyA mAnyatAoM aura arthahIna mUlyoM ko vighaTita kara nirmANa ke lie nayI pRSThabhUmi prastuta kara rahA hai /

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samAjavAda aura ahiMsA svataMtratA prApti ke bAda samAjavAda kI AvAja ko aneka bAra doharAyA gayA hai / kisI vizeSa saMdarbha ke saMyoga se vaha AvAja tIvra bhI ho jAtI hai / kintu bahuta bAra yaha bhI anubhava hone lagatA hai ki yaha AvAja mahaja aupacArika hI to nahIM hai ? Aja taka ise nArebAjI kA rUpa dekara kyA paristhitiyoM se lAbha uThAne kI ceSTA nahIM kI gayI hai ? jaba-jaba deza meM kisI Andolana ne janma liyA hai, samAjavAda kI AvAja ko tIvra kiyA gayA / abhI pRthak telaMgAnA ke Andolana ne jora pakar3A to sarakAra kI AMkha khulii| prazna yaha hai, kyA yahI usakA aMtima hala hai ? yadi nahIM to prazna ko jar3a se kyoM nahIM pakar3A jAtA hai ? Aja deza ke adhikAMza AndolanoM ke mUla meM viSamatA hI kAma kara aura kahIM adhikAroM kI rahI hai / kahIM Arthika viSamatA kA svara tIvra hai viSamatA kA / yahI viSamatA kA svara jaba vinAza kA rUpa dhAraNa kara AtA hai, taba sabako cintA hotI hai aura use samAdhAna dete ke lie daur3a-dhUpa hotI hai / yadi usa samAdhAna ke lie samaya para prayatna ho jAtA to Andhra ke vikAsa kA eka cauthAI vinAza kyoM hotA ? aNuvrata-darzana samAjavAda kA pUrA samarthana karatA hai / usakA saiddhAntika pakSa samAjavAdI vyavasthA ko pUrA bala detA hai / usakI AsthA hai samAja meM kisI prakAra kI viSamatA aura zoSaNa na rahe / mAnavIya vaiSamya hiMsA ko khulA AmaMtraNa hai / viSamatA ghRNA kI jananI hai aura ghRNA hiMsA kI / samAjavAda viSamatA meM AsthA nahIM rakhatA / usa viSamatA ko miTAne ke lie gAMdhIjI ne jisa ahiMsA pradhAna mAdhyama kI parikalpanA kI, aNuvrata usase sarvathA sahamata hai / vaha yaha mAnakara calatA hai ki samAjavAda hI viSamatA miTAne kA sahaja sarala tarIkA hai aura usa samAjavAda kI saphalatA aura prabhAvazIlatA ke lie ahiMsA ko buniyAda meM rakhanA Avazyaka hai / aNuvrata ke yogadAna kA jahAM taka prazna hai, vaha eka prayoga de sakatA hai, kintu zAsanagata vyavasthA denA usakA lakSya nahIM / prayoga meM se jo bhI fronrSa Ae, usase zAsana lAbhAnvita ho sakatA hai / usa prayoga kI dRSTi se sabase pahale viSamatA ke viruddha vicAra krAnti kA vAtAvaraNa taiyAra karanA hogA / aNuvrata apane janma se hI isa vicAra krAMti kI dizA meM prayatnazIla rahA hai / usane deza ke samagra vAtAvaraNa meM yaha niSThA utpanna karane kA prayAsa

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164 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja kiyA hai ki jaba taka isa naitika prazna kA hala nahIM ho jAtA, samasyAeM sulajhane vAlI nahIM haiN| maiM vizvAsapUrvaka kaha sakatA hUM, rASTra kA adhikAMza bhAga Aja merI isa AvAja ke sAtha hai| usa prayoga kA dUsarA pakSa yaha hogA ki pUMjI para vyaktigata svAmitva na rahe / Arthika viSamatA kA mUla pUMjI para vyaktigata svAmitva hI hai| jaba taka yaha banA rahegA, garIba aura dhanavAna-ye do varga bane raheMge; jisakA artha hogA, samAjavAda kI asaphalatA / maiM apanI laMbI pada-yAtrAoM ke bIca sAmyavAda meM AsthA rakhane vAle hajAroM vyaktiyoM ke saMparka meM AyA hU~ / usa samparka meM maiMne pAyA, unameM se nabbe pratizata logoM kI sAmyavAda meM AsthA dhArmika vimukhatA ke kAraNa nahIM, Arthika viSamatA ke kAraNa hI hai| dharma ke saMskAra Aja bhI unameM haiN| carca aura mandiroM meM Aja bhI unake diloM meM zraddhA hai| phira bhI ve apane ko sAmyavAdI mAnate haiM aura isake pIche ekamAtra kAraNa deza kI Arthika viSamatA hI hai| yadi Aja yaha Arthika viSamatA miTa jAtI hai, to hiMsAtmaka Andolana svayaM apanI mauta mara jAte haiN| vartamAna paristhitiyoM meM pUMjI para se vyaktigata svAmitva haTane se hI yaha saMbhava hai| saMta vinobA ne bhUdAna kA jo prayoga kiyA, usake pIche viSamatA miTAne kA lakSya rahA ho, aisA maiM nahIM socatA / jinake pAsa bilakula jamIna nahIM thI, unameM se kucha ko isa prayoga se kucha rAhata milI, yaha ho sakatA hai, kintu yaha rAhata hI hai, sthiti kA samAdhAna nahIM / jisake pAsa pAMca sau bIghA jamIna ho, vaha pAMca bIghA jamIna bhUdAna meM de de-~-isase viSamatA kA anta nahIM hotA, pratyuta usa 465 bIghA jamIna kI umra aura adhika lambI hI jAtI hai| jisa kisAna ke mana meM sarvathA abhAva ke kAraNa roSa hotA hai, vaha 'kucha' bhAva ke kAraNa utanA tIvra nahIM raha paataa| phira isane deza kI Arthika vyavasthA meM jaTilatA hI paidA kI hai| isalie bhUdAna ke prayoga ko Arthika viSamatA miTAne kI dizA kA prayoga kahane meM mujhe kaThinAI mahasUsa ho rahI hai| ___ aNuvrata ne isa dizA meM isa rUpa se koI prayoga karane kA koI nirNaya nahIM liyA hai| vicAra-krAMti kI dRSTi se usane deza meM avazya vAtAvaraNa kA nirmANa kiyA hai| prayoga kI dRSTi se bhI use nirNaya lenA hai| isase pUrva vaha isa viSamatA ko miTAne vAle hara ahiMsAtmaka prayAsa kA pUrA samarthana karatA prajAtaMtra kA prAsAda janatA ke vizvAsa aura sadbhAvanA para hI TikA hotA hai / jisa dina vaha vizvAsa aura sadbhAvanA TUTa jAe, mAna lenA cAhie ki vaha prajAtaMtra bhI adhika nibhane vAlA nahIM hai| aba deza ke bhaviSya meM do saMbhAvanAeM hI zeSa haiM-koI dala-vizeSa apanA vizvAsa utpanna kara zAsana

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samAjavAda aura ahiMsA 165 taMtra ko samhAle yA phira prajAtaMtra ke sthAna para dUsare taMtra kA sanniveza ho / prajAtaMtra ke prati janatA kA vizvAsa hI nahIM rahA hai, aisA maiM Aja bhI nahIM mAnatA / sthiti yaha hai ki prajAtaMtra kI dhvajA majabUta hAthoM meM nahIM hai / yogyatA ke abhAva meM jana-mAnasa meM eka tIvra Akroza hai / vaha Akroza hI samaya-samaya para phUTakara bAhara AtA rahatA hai / I kisI naye zAsana taMtra kI sthiti bhArata ke mAnasa meM abhI paidA nahIM ho sakatI / rAjataMtra aura adhinAyakavAda ke hRdaya vidAraka pariNAmoM ko vaha Aja bhI nahIM bhUlA hai / itanA avazya hai, prajAtaMtra kA madhura pariNAma jo Aja taka use milanA cAhie thA, vaha nahIM mila pAyA hai / prajAtaMtra meM se jo nyAyapriyatA, nIti- kuzalatA, caritra-niSThA aura samAna adhikAra use milane cAhie the, ve nahIM mila pAe haiM / prajAtaMtra kA ratha hAMkane vAle vyaktiyoM meM pAMca guNa atyanta Avazyaka hone cAhie 1. nyAyapriyatA, 2. nIti - kauzala, 3. naitika AcaraNa, 4. sevAbhAva, 5. udAra dRSTikoNa | jaba ina guNoM kA netR-varga meM abhAva ho jAtA hai, janatA kA vizvAsa TUTa jAtA hai / Aja bhArata kI bhI yahI sthiti hai / yaha vizvAsahInatA kI sthiti deza ke bhaviSya ke lie bhI kabhI zubha nahIM ho sakatI / janatA eka sahI dizA kA cunAva kara le, to phira bhI yaha eka zubha saMketa hai, anyathA isakA pariNAma koI acchA nahIM dIkhatA / vidyArthI varga ho yA karmacArI varga, unakI mAMga pUrI na huI ki hiMsAtmaka tor3a-phor3a zurU ho jAtI hai / yaha sthiti rASTra ke sabhI vargo kI hai / kisI kArya ke pIche nyAya aura aucitya bolatA ho to usakI bhayaMkaratA ko bhI sahana kiyA jA sakatA hai / kintu jisake pIche koI nyAya aura aucitya nahIM ho, vaha kaise sahana kiyA jAe ? jaba paMca Ayoga ko svIkAra kiyA gayA, phira usake nirNaya para, [ kyoMki vaha eka pakSa kI icchA ke pratikUla jAtA hai] hiMsA para utArU ho jAnA bhI ucita nahIM kahA jA sakatA / ina paristhitiyoM ko dekhate hue eka udAharaNa merI smRti meM A rahA hai| eka bAra sAdhuoM kI eka jamAta eka gAMva meM phuNcii| gAMva ke mukhiyA loga unakI Avabhagata ke lie pahuMce aura sAtha hI nivedana kiyA- 'Apa loga thor3I dera vizrAma kIjie, hama bahuta jaldI hI bhojana kA prabandha kara rahe haiM / ' bhojana kI vyavasthA meM jarA vilamba ho gayA / sAdhu loga bhojana kI

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ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja pratIkSA karate-karate thaka gaye / unake dhairya ne sImA ko tor3a diyaa| hAthoM meM bar3I-bar3I lAThiyAM lekara bAjAra meM pahuMce aura makAnoM ke ghAsa-phUsa ke chapparoM ko jora-jora se pITane lge| logoM ne pUchA-'mahAtman ! yaha Akroza kaisA ?' sAdhuoM ne kahA- 'abhI taka bhojana kA prabandha kahAM ho pAyA hai ? grAmavAsiyoM ne vinamra nivedana kiyA--'bhagavan, yaha tor3a-phor3a kRpA kara banda kiijie| hama avilamba bhojana kI vyavasthA kara rahe haiN|' sAdhuoM ne kahA'jaba taka bhojana sAmane nahIM A jAtA, tor3a-phor3a banda nahIM hogii|' yahI sthiti Aja sAre rASTra kI ho rahI hai / hara varga kA yaha Agraha hai, hamArI mAMga yadi pUrI nahIM hotI hai to hama tor3a-phor3a kareMge, logoM ko lUTeMge; makAnoM, relagAr3iyoM, basoM aura kAroM ko Aga lagAeMge aura rASTra kI sampatti ko tabAha kreNge| gaira-kamyunisTa loga kamyunisTa dala kI vijaya se eka prakAra kA AtaMka anubhava kara rahe haiM, kyoMki sAmyavAdI apanI lakSyaprApti ke lie hiMsA kA sahArA bhI le letA hai| maiM kahatA hUM yadi anyAnya dala bhI hiMsA kA sahArA lete haiM, to phira kamyunisToM ko doSa dene se kyA lAbha ? itanA hI nahIM, mujhe yaha bhI amubhava ho rahA hai, Aja ahiMsA kI bAta karanA pratigAmitA kA lakSaNa mAnA jAtA hai| Aja kA par3hA-likhA varga gAMdhIjI ke dvArA batAye gaye ahiMsAtmaka upAyoM ko dakiyAnUsI vicAra mAnatA hai / AsthA ke badalate hue isa rUpa kA hI pariNAma hai, Aja sthAnasthAna para binA kisI saMkoca ke hiMsA, lUTapATa, AgajanI kI ghaTanAeM bar3ha janatantra ke prabhAva kA jahAM taka prazna hai, mujhe lagatA hai jaise Aja usakI rIr3ha hI TUTa gayI hai / svastha janatantra meM hiMsA, ucchRkhalatA, asahiSNutA ko kabhI avakAza nahIM hotaa| Aja jaba khule rUpa se yaha sAmane A rahA hai, phira isako janataMtra kahane meM hI mujhako saMkoca ho rahA hai| vicAroM ke svAtaMtrya kA yaha artha to nahIM ki hama janataMtra kI maryAdAoM ko hI bhUla jaaeN|

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zoSaNa-vihIna samAja-racanA aNuvrata kA prArambhika lakSya vartamAna samAja meM saMzodhana karane kA rhaa| samAja ko vikRta karane vAle tattvoM, bhraSTa AcaraNoM, andhavizvAsoM va arthahIna rUr3ha paramparAoM ke viruddha usane eka sazakta AvAja uThAI aura samAja meM naitika cetanA ke vAtAvaraNa kA nirmANa kiyaa| isI prakriyA ke madhya use anubhava huA- kevala saMzodhana yA sudhAra kI bAta kA mahattva avazya hai, kintu vyavasthAgata kaThinAiyoM ke bIca saMzodhana yA sudhAra kI bAta kA prabhAva cira-sthAyI rahanA kaThina hai| dUsarI bAta - koI bhI Andolana taba taka apUrNa hI hotA hai, jaba taka vaha jIne kA eka samagra darzana prastuta na kare / inhI saba praznoM kI UhApoha meM pichale do-tIna varSoM se zoSaNa-vihIna samAja-racanA kI parikalpanA sAmane AyI / yadyapi usakA lakSya yahIM samApta nahIM ho jAtA, phira bhI pahalA lakSya usakA yaha nirNIta kiyA gyaa| zoSaNavihIna samAja-racanA ke abhAva meM sAmAjika mUlyoM meM saMgharSa honA anivArya hai| isa sthiti meM sarvopari mahattva naitika mUlyoM kA nahIM hotA, vyavasthAgata mUlyoM kA hotA hai / Andolana mAnasika stara para kArya kare aura vyavasthAeM sAmAjika stara para bhinna prabhAva DAleM, to phira donoM meM sAmaMjasya nahIM baitthtaa| manomUmikA aura vyavasthA alaga-alaga par3a jAte haiM aura manobhUmikA para kiyA gayA kArya samAja kI bhUmikA taka Ate-Ate kSINa ho jAtA hai| __ aNuvrata kA AdhAra saMyama hai| vaha pratyeka samasyA ko saMyama ke mAdhyama se sulajhanA cAhatA hai| usakA vizvAsa hai ki saMyama hI manuSya ko zAntipUrNa jIvana kI vyavasthA de sakatA hai / usa zoSaNa-vihIna samAja kI racanA ke mUla meM bhI saMyama kI pratiSThA hI hogii| saMyama kA rUpa nakArAtmaka hai-yaha bAta bahuta sAre loga mAnate haiN| maiM aisA nahIM maantaa| mere abhimata se usakA sakArAtmaka rUpa bhI hai / jahAM hama racanA kI bAta karate haiM, vaha usake sakArAtmaka rUpa se hI saMbhava hai| zoSaNa-vihIna samAja kA kyA svarUpa ho, usako lekara aNuvrata ke sAmane rekhAeM bahuta spaSTa haiM 1. vaha samAja alpecchA aura alpa aparigraha ko pahalA sthAna degaa| alpecchA se tAtparya hai ki usakI AkAMkSAeM niraMkuza nahIM hoM / AkAMkSAoM

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168 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja kA vistAra saMgraha yA parigraha kA kAraNa banatA hai aura saMgraha zoSaNa kA kAraNa banatA hai, isalie aNuvrata icchA-saMyama para bala detA hai / icchA ke sAtha saMgrahasaMyama svayaM ho jaaegaa| 2. aNuvrata artha aura sattA ke kendrIkaraNa ko, phira cAhe vaha vyaktigata stara para ho yA rASTrIya para, prazraya nahIM degaa| artha aura sattA kA yaha kendrIkaraNa hI zoSaNa aura saMgraha kI samasyAoM ko janma detA hai| 3. usa samAja meM zrama aura svAvalambana kI pratiSThA hogii| vyakti Atma-nirbhara bane aura zrama kA mUlyAMkana sAmAjika stara para ho; yaha prayatna kiyA jaaegaa| 4. saMgraha karane vAloM ko usameM sAmAjika pratiSThA nahIM milegii| manuSya bahudhA adhika saMgraha pratiSThA pAne ke lie hI karatA hai / AvazyakatA pUrti ke lie manuSya ko adhika dhana apekSita nahIM hotaa| phira bhI dhana ke prati usakI jo lAlasA dekhI jAtI hai, usakA ekamAtra kAraNa pratiSThA hI hai| eka bAra maiMne eka bar3e udyogapati se jAlasAjI karane kA kAraNa puuchaa| unhone kahA ki maiM hindustAna kA sabase bar3A udyogapati bananA cAhatA huuN| Aja bhI logoM ke mana meM saMgraha ke prati jo AkarSaNa hai, usake pIche sAmAjika pratiSThA kI bhAvanA hI kAma kara rahI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki ve saba prakAra ke chala, prapaMca, phareba aura SaDyaMtra racakara bhI paisA kamAnA cAhate haiM / Aja yadi artha kI bhUmikA meM se sAmAjika pratiSThA ko nikAla liyA jAe, to dUsare hI kSaNa saMgraha kA mahala Dhaha jAne vAlA hai| 5. usa samAja ke AdhAra meM ahiMsA hogii| usakA yaha vizvAsa hogA ki samasyA kA sahI samAdhAna ahiMsA meM hI hai| apanI hara samasyA ko vaha ahiMsA ke mAdhyama se hI sulajhAne kA prayatna kregaa| isa prakAra vaha eka saMyama-pradhAna samAja hogA / niraMkuza manovRtti, saMgraha aura parigraha ke prati AkarSaNa, artha aura sattA kA keMdrIkaraNa, artha kI pratiSThA, hiMsA aura zakti-bala kA usameM koI sthAna nahIM hogaa|

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sAmAjika krAMti aura usakA svarUpa samAja kI vyavasthAeM parivartanazIla haiN| parivartana kA prabhAva samAja ke mUlyoM aura bhAvanAoM para bhI hotA hai / jahAM sAdhAraNa parivartana se kAma ho jAtA hai vahAM krAnti kI apekSA nahIM rhtii| jahAM parivartana paryApta nahIM hotA, vahAM sthiti ko rUpAntarita karanA par3atA hai| AmUlacUla rUpAntaraNa kA nAma hai krAMti / krAMti kA vyutpattilabhya artha hai kramaNa karanA, mUla sthiti kA laMghana kara dUsarI sthiti meM pahuMca jAnA / deza, kAla aura paristhitiyoM ke saMdarbha meM jina vyavasthAoM aura jina mUlyoM kI upayogitA kama yA samApta ho jAtI hai, unheM miTA denA jAgRta tathA cetanAzIla samAja kA kAma hai / sAmAjika krAMti kA svarUpa hai samAja-vyavasthA meM AmUlacUla parivartana / parivartana AMzika bhI hotA hai| AMzika parivartana sudhAra kahalAtA hai| vaha krAMti kA prAg rUpa hai / sudhAra Upara se hotA hai aura krAMti mUla ko badala detI hai| zarIra ke kisI avavava para koI kharoMca A gayI, usa para marahamapaTTI karanA sudhAra hai| kisI avayava para phor3A ho gayA, vaha zalya-cikitsA ke binA ThIka nahIM hotA hai, taba zalya-cikitsA karAyI jAtI hai| isa zalyacikitsA ko krAMti kA pratirUpa kahA jA sakatA hai| krAMti guNAtmaka parivartana nahIM, jAtyantara parivartana hai, kyoMki isameM svarUpa badala jAtA hai| ThaMDe pAnI ko garma karanA athavA garma pAnI ko ThaMDA karanA guNAtmaka parivartana hai, isalie krAMti nahIM hai| garma pAnI eka tApamAna taka pahuMcane ke bAda bhApa bana jAtA hai / isI prakAra ThaMDA pAnI eka sthiti taka pahuMcane ke bAda barpha rUpa meM jama jAtA hai| yaha svarUpAntara hI krAMti (rivolyuzana) hai| eka samAja meM striyoM ke lie cUMghaTa rakhane kI paddhati hai / dAeM hAtha kI ora mor3ane vAle ghUghaTa ko bAeM hAtha kI ora mor3anA jAtyantara parivartana nahIM hai| isameM kevala krama badalatA hai, para mUla sthiti jyoM kI tyoM banI rahatI hai / krama parivartana sudhAra kI koTi meM AtA hai / kucha mUlyoM aura vyavasthAoM meM kevala sudhAra kI AvazyakatA rahatI hai, kintu jahAM sudhAra mAtra se jIvana paddhati vikasita nahIM hotI, vahAM krAMti ko koI TAla nahIM sktaa| sAmAjika krAMti-netAoM kA kAma hai yA dharmAcAryoM kA ? sAmAjika krAnti kA sambandha una sabase hai jo samAja ke paripAvaM meM

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170 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja jIte haiN| samAja se prabhAvita hara vyakti sAmAjika krAMti meM yoga detA hai / dharma jaba samAjagata hotA hai, taba dharmAcArya apane sAmAjika dAyitva se mukta kaise raha sakeMge ? dharma, dharmAcAryoM aura dharma ke pratinidhiyoM kI yaha vizeSa jimmedArI hai ki ve samAja ko rUr3hiyoM kI pakar3a se mukta kreN| samAja dharma aura adhyAtma kI pAtratA prApta kare, isalie samAja kA pariSkAra Avazyaka hai| sAmAjika krAnti ke do AdhAra haiM-sainika zAsana aura hRdaya-parivartana / rAjanItizAstra aura samAjazAstra ina donoM AdhAroM ko mAnakara calate haiN| eka samaya turkI meM burkA or3hane kI prathA thii| turkI ke tatkAlIna rASTrapati kamAlapAzA ne vizeSa Adeza dvArA rAta-rAta meM hI burkA uThA diyA / isI prakAra aneka dezoM meM sAmAjika kSetra meM samaya-samaya para krAMtiyAM hotI rahI haiN| eka samaya thA jaba bar3A AdamI vaha mAnA jAtA thA jo adhika-seadhika alaMkaraNoM se susajjita hotA thaa| nagara ke kucha viziSTa vyaktiyoM ko pAMvoM meM sone ke kar3e pahanane kI muktatA prApta hotI thii| ve sonA-niveza kahalAte the aura pAMvoM meM sonA pahananA unake rAjakIya sammAna kA pratIka thaa| Aja yaha mUlya samApta ho gayA hai| aba alaMkaraNoM ke AdhAra para vyakti ke bar3appana kA aMkana nahIM hotA hai| pAMvoM meM sonA pahane yA na pahane, Aja usakA koI mUlya nahIM hai / eka yuga thA jaba dhana ko jamIna meM gAr3akara rakhanA, sone kA saMcaya karanA acchA mAnA jAtA thA kintu Aja arthazAstrIya nIti badala gayI hai aura usa yuga ke mUlya parivartita ho gae haiM / artha kA saMgraha karanA, usake pravAha ko rokakara rakhanA aba anucita mAnA jAne lagA hai| arthazAstra ke anusAra artha kI upayogitA yaha hai ki vyakti svayaM usase lAbhAnvita ho aura dUsaroM kI AjIvikA ke sAdhana sulabha ho / vyAvasAyika kSetra meM udyoga-dhaMdhe hI deza kI pragati meM sAdhaka haiM, ataH artha ko jamIna meM gAr3akara rakhane kA mUlya samApta ho gayA hai| samAja meM kucha aisI prathAeM bhI calatI haiM, jo dharma ko prabhAvita karatI haiM / mRtyu para prathA rUpa se ronA, pati ke marane para strI ke lie varSoM taka kone meM baiThe rahanA, vidhavA strI ko kalaMka rUpa mAnanA, usakA muMha dekhane ko apazakuna kahanA Adi aisI rUr3hiyAM haiM, jinake sambandha meM dRSTikoNa denA dharmaguruoM ke lie Avazyaka ho jAtA hai; kyoMki parivartanIya ke prati aparivartanIya kA Agraha galata dRSTikoNa hai| mithyA abhiniveza miTAkara satya ko nikhAra denA krAMti kA uddezya hai / jisa dharma ke anuyAyI mithyA Agraha aura aMdha-vizvAsoM ko nahIM chor3a sakate, vaha dharma hI kyA ? anuyAyI samAja kI arthahIna rUr3ha paramparAoM ke parivartana kA dRSTikoNa denA dharmAcArTI ke karaNIya kAmoM meM se eka hai| isake lie unheM apanA varcasva kAma meM lenA caahie|

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sAmAjika krAnti aura usakA svarUpa 171 dharma-guru kA netRtva bar3e samAja para hotA hai / unake krAMtikArI dRSTikoNa kA AdhAra samAja kI svasthatA hai / krAMti karane se pahale krAMti ke mAnadaNDoM kI sthApanA honA Avazyaka hai / bhagavAna mahAvIra ke sAmane samatA kA mAnadaNDa thaa| usake AdhAra para unhoMne samAja kI viSamatA-mUlaka hara pravRtti para prahAra kiyaa| usa samaya dAsa-prathA, jAtivAda aura artha-saMgraha-ye viSamatA ke utsa the| Aja sthitiyAM badala gayI haiM, phira bhI isa kSetra meM bahuta kucha karaNIya hai| samatA kA mAnadaNDa hameM paramparA se prApta hai, aura vaha Aja bhI sammata hai / Arthika viSamatA aura jAtigata viSamatA ke viruddha AvAja uThAne ke sAtha-sAtha mAnavIya samatA kA pUrNa vikAsa honA jarUrI hai| daheja-prathA, ThaharAva, zAdI ke prasaMga meM ativyaya, saMgraha kI manovRtti Adi sAmAjika abhizApoM kA anta karane ke sAtha mUlya-parivartana kI dizA meM bhI kAma karanA hai / varga-bheda kI kalpanA aura dhArmika pratibaddhatA bhI samAja ke hita meM nahIM hai / pardA-prathA aura pahanAve ke saMbaMdha meM dRSTikoNa spaSTa honA jarUrI hai| kula milAkara sAdA aura sAttvika jIvana jIne ke prati AkarSaNa paidA kara samAja ke mithyA mAnadaNDoM ko badalanA hai| mUlyaparivartana aura vicAra-parivartana ke pariveza hI krAMti kI saphalatA hai|

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aNunata-prerita samAja-racanA yuga kA ciMtana itanA Age bar3ha cukA hai ki aba koI bhI dala Arthika viSamatA kA khulA samarthana nahIM kara sktaa| kintu maiM nahIM samajha pA rahA hUM ki kyA sabhI samasyAoM kA hetu kevala Arthika viSamatA hI hai| vaha bahuta bar3A hetu hai, ise maiM mAnatA hUM kintu ekamAtra hetu nahIM maantaa| samasyA kA ekamAtra hetu hai vaicArika viparyaya / manuSya kA dRSTikoNa sahI ho, vicAra kI bhitti yathArtha ho to kyA Arthika viSamatA Tika sakatI hai? vaha isIlie Tika rahI hai ki manuSya kA dRSTikoNa yathArtha nahIM hai| jAti-bheda aura raMgabheda kI samasyA Aja bhI ugra hai / manuSya ke prati manuSya kA dRSTikoNa sahI nahIM hai, isIlie vaha cala rahI hai / amarIkA jaisA sabhya aura susaMskRta deza Aja raMga-bheda kI samasyA meM ulajha rahA hai| hindustAna jaisA dhArmika deza Aja jAti-bheda kI samasyA se saMtrasta hai| garIbI bhI isIlie cala rahI hai ki manuSya ke prati manuSya meM pUrNa prema nahIM hai, karuNA nahIM hai| berojagArI miTAne ke lie zrama, buddhi, paramparA, mukta vicAra aura ucita saMyojana Avazyaka haiM / inake hone para bhI garIbI rahatI hai yAnI kucha loga bahuta saMpanna ho jAte haiM aura kucha loga bahuta vipanna- isakA kAraNa prema kA abhAva hI hai| yadi bauddhika kSamatA se saMpanna logoM meM akSama logoM ke prati prema ho to yaha viSamatA kI sthiti nahIM A sakatI / cAlIsa vyaktiyoM ke parivAra ko eka sakSama vyakti pAla letA hai| usakA hetu kyA hai ? yahI to hai ki parivAra ko vaha apanA mAnatA hai aura usake prati prema kA sUtra jur3A rahatA hai| ___ Aja usa prema ko vistAra dene kI AvazyakatA hai| samUce samAja ko eka parivAra mAna lene kI AvazyakatA hai| rAjanIti ke vicAraka kaI dazakoM pUrva aisA mAna cuke haiM / Azcarya aura kheda hai ki dharma ke vicAraka Aja bhI isa satya ko svIkAra nahIM kara rahe haiN| yadi Arthika samAnatA kI bAta kisI dhArmika maMca se AtI to bahuta svAbhAvika hotI, kintu aisA nahIM huaa| __ aparigraha aura asaMgraha ke siddhAMta kI sthApanA bhagavAna mahAvIra ne prakhara rUpa meM kii| anya dharmAcAryoM ne bhI unakA sAtha diyA / kintu samAja ke kSetra meM usakA vyAvahArika prayoga kisI dhArmika ne nahIM kiyaa|

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aNuvrata-prerita samAja-racanA bubhukSita: kiM na karoti pApam ? bhUkhe bhajana na hohi gopaalaa| hamAre kavi aura zAstrakAra isa satya kI anubhUti karate rahe para usakA samAdhAna khojane kI dizA kA udghATana nahIM kiyaa| ___ Aja kA yuga usake samAdhAna kA siMhadvAra khola cukA hai| aba garIbI IzvarIya icchA na hokara manuSyakRta samAja-vyavasthA kI truTiyoM kA pariNAma pramANita ho cukI hai| aba dInatA ko sahArA dene vAlA ciMtana nirasta ho cukA hai / Aja kA ciMtana hai-truTipUrNa samAja-vyavasthA ko banAe rakhakara dInatA ko sahArA mata do, kintu usakA parimArjana kro| isa parimArjana ke yuga meM hara vyakti ko nayA dRSTikoNa apanAne kI AvazyakatA hai| dIna-varga ko dharma-puNya ke nAma para uThAne kI purAnI dhAraNA meM prANa-saMcAra ho gayA hai| samAja ke samartha varga dvArA kRta vyavasthA doSa se vipanna varga uttejita huA hai / phalata: usameM hiMsA ubharI hai / isa hiMsA ko ubhArane ke doSa kA prAyazcitta una kAraNoM ko nirasta karake hI kiyA jA sakatA hai / maiM vartamAna meM ho rahe parivartana ko bahuta bar3A sRjana nahIM mAnatA, mAtra atIta kI bhUloM kA prAyazcita mAnatA huuN| bhUla kI anubhUti hue binA prAyazcitta kaise ho sakatA hai ? anubhUti hone para bhI bhaviSya meM usakI punarAvRtti na karane kA saMkalpa kie binA prAyazcitta kaise ho sakatA hai ? aNuvata ina donoM kI bhUmikA para do dazakoM se apanA ciMtana prastuta kara rahA hai / citana kI dizA meM vaha Age bhI bar3hA hai / aba use saphala karanA hai / ciMtana kI saphalatA kI kasauTI hai kriyaa| kriyA aura kyA hai ? ciMtana kA carama biMdu hI kriyA hai| ___ aNuvrata ke kAya kartAoM ko aba ciMtana ko prayoga kI bhUmikA para lAnA hai / manuSya jAti eka hai-yaha aNuvrata kA mukhya siddhAMta hai / kyA yaha korA Adarza hai yA vyAvahArika bhI hai ? yadi vyAvahArika hai to vaha phalita kase ho sakatA hai ? mAnavIya vyaktitva ke do rUpa haiM-AMtarika aura bAhya / dharma ne AMtarika vyaktitva meM samAnatA lAne kA dizA-bodha bhI diyA hai| ajita saMskAroM evaM AvaraNoM kI kSINatA kA abhyAsa karane para AtaMrika samAnatA sAdhI jA sakatI hai| aNuvrata ko sAdhanA kendra ke mAdhyama se yaha kArya karanA hai, kevala paramparA ke rUpa meM nahIM, prAyogika stara para karanA hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki aNuvrata ko aise samAja kI racanA karanI hai, jisameM manuSya jAti kI ekatA kA spaSTa pratibimba ho| usake mukhya AdhAra cAra ho sakate haiM-naitikaniSThA, prema, sahAnubhUti aura anAgrahI dRSTikoNa / naitika niSThA ke abhAva meM eka AdamI dUsare AdamI ke hitoM kA vighaTana karatA hai| use lUTatA hai| usakA zoSaNa karatA hai|

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174 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja prema ke abhAva meM eka AdamI dUsare AdamI se ghRNA karatA hai / use hIna mAnatA hai, tiraskRta karatA hai| sahAnubhUti ke abhAva meM eka AdamI dUsare AdamI kI kaThinAiyoM kI upekSA karatA hai / apane hI sukha-duHkha kI samasyA ko prAthamikatA detA hai| anAgrahI dRSTikoNa ke abhAva meM manuSya vaicArika svataMtratA kA hanana karatA hai / matabheda ke AdhAra eka-dUsare ko kucalane kA prayatna karatA hai| __ Aja kA vizva do samasyAoM kA sAmanA kara rahA hai| vizva kA eka bhAga vyaktigata svAmitva ko nirasta kara sAmudAyika vyavasthA calA rahA hai / use vyakti ke Arthika vikAsa kI preraNA ko samasyA kA sAmanA karanA par3a rahA hai| vyaktigata lAbha se jo Arthika vikAsa kI preraNA milatI hai, vaha sAmudAyikatA ke kSetra meM apanI tIvratA kho detI hai| vizva kA dUsarA bhAga vyaktigata svAmitva kI vyavasthA calA rahA hai / use bekArI tathA Arthika vaiSamya kI samasyA kA sAmanA karanA par3a rahA hai / kyA visarjana ina donoM samasyAoM kA samAdhAna hai ? usameM vyaktigata svAmitva kI vyavasthA kA lopa bhI nahIM hai aura atirikta saMgraha kI burAI bhI nahIM hai| kintu visarjana aicchika hai, anivArya nahIM hai| isalie usakA sAmudAyika bananA kaThina hai| isa duniyA kI prakRti hI aisI hai ki koI bhI vastu pUrNarUpeNa kaThinAI se mukta nahIM hotii| pUrvokta donoM prayoga rAjakIya vyavasthA dvArA saMcAlita haiN| visarjana kA prayoga kisI taMtra dvArA nahIM, eka naitika preraNA dvArA saMcAlita ho sakatA hai / aNuvrata ko avazya hI isakA saMcAlana karanA hai / manuSya jAti kI ekatA aura visarjana-ye donoM aNuvrata-prerita samAja-racanA ke mukhya sUtra haiN| isa prakAra kI samAja-racanA samAjavAda ke anukUla hI nahIM hogI, apitu usase utpanna hiMsA aura pratikriyA kI samasyAoM ko samAdhAna dene vAlI hogii| yaha bahuta bar3A kArya hai, bahuta jaTila aura bahuta zrama-sAdhya / isakI saMpUrti ke lie dRr3ha niSThA, dRr3ha saMkalpa aura dRr3ha adhyavasAya lekara calane vAle kAryakartAoM kI AvazyakatA hai| vibhakta niSThA vAle kAryakartA bahuta nahIM kara pAte / aise kAryakartAoM kI upalabdhi yA nirmANa Avazyaka hai| aba pari sthitiyAM itanI tejI se badala rahI haiM ki isa kArya meM vilamba kSamya nahIM hai kAlAtikrAMta kArya svayaM arthahIna ho jAtA hai| kyA maiM AzA karUM vi aNuvrata ke kAryakartA isa para gaMbhIratApUrvaka vicAra kareMge ?

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zoSaNa mukta samUha - cetanA manuSya sAdhana-nirbhara prANI hai / usake jIvana kA nirvAha sAdhana - sApekSa hai aura usakI samRddhi kA vikAsa bhI sAdhanoM para hI nirbhara hai / sAdhana do prakAra ke hote haiM- prAkRtika aura zrama niSpanna / prAkRtika sAdhana sabake lie samAna rUpa se prApta ho sakate haiM, isalie vahAM koI vivAda khar3A nahIM hotA / vivAdAspada haiM zrama niSpanna sAdhana / zrama kA niyojana buddhi se hotA | ataH sAdhanoM ke vikAsa meM zrama aura buddhi donoM mUlyAI haiM / vizva kA itihAsa yaha hai ki zrama aura buddhi kA yoga bahuta kama rahA hai / sAdhanoM kA saMcAlana aura niyojana buddhi ke hAtha meM rahA hai aura unakA utpAdana zrama ke hAtha meM hai| zrama aura buddhi donoM meM ekarasatA nahIM rahI hai / ekarasatA na hone kA bhI kAraNa hai / donoM ke svArtha bhinna-bhinna haiM / jahAM svArtha bhinna hote haiM, vahAM sazakta vyakti apane hita ke lie dUsaroM ke hita ko kucalane ke lie udyata ho jAtA hai| zrama aura buddhi ke saMgharSa meM zrama buddhi kI jakar3a meM A gayA aura vaha buddhi dvArA zoSita hone lagA / isa prakAra eka zoSaNa mukta samAja kI nIMva par3a gayI / sAdhanoM kA utpAdana karane ke lie zrama kI AvazyakatA hai para zrama abhAva meM zakti bhI kAma prati pUrNa Azvasta thA / kahA- 'jaba taka maiM hUM, kA saMcAlana bauddhika AdhAra para hotA hai / buddhi ke nahIM kara sakatI / mahAmAtya cANakya apanI buddhi ke usane apane rAjA aura janatA ko AzvAsana dete hue apane deza ko koI khatarA nahIM hai|' buddhimAn vyakti apane hita ke lie zramikoM kA zoSaNa karatA hai / usakA apanatva jisa sImA taka vistRta hotA hai, zoSaNa kI paddhatiyAM bhI utanA hI vistAra pA letI haiM / vaiyaktika svArtha ko gauNa kara diyA jAe to zoSaNa kI vRtti ko panapane kA avakAza hI nahIM mila sakatA / vyApAra ke kSetra meM jaba taka vaiyaktikatA thI, zoSaNa kA krama nahIM thA / vyaktigata vyavahAra meM kucheka vyakti kAma karate aura zrama ke anupAta se artha kA vitaraNa ho jAtA / zoSaNa kI bAta udyoga ke sAtha AyI / udyogoM meM hajAroM majadUra kAma karate haiN| zrama hajAroM kA hotA hai para usakA lAbha eka vyakti ko milatA hai / isa artha meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki bar3e udyoga zoSaNa ke mukhya kendra haiM / prAcIna samaya meM sAmaMta, jamIMdAra Adi janatA se begAra lete

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176 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja the / vaha zoSaNa kA eka rUpa thaa| udyoga-dhaMdhoM kA pracalana lagabhaga cAra sau varSa se hai / isa dRSTi se zoSaNa kA itihAsa cAra sau varSa purAnA hai / zoSaNa vihIna samAja-racanA meM udyoga-dhandhe vartamAna samAja vyavasthA aura artha vyavasthA ke anusAra yaha kahanA ucita nahIM hogA ki udyogoM ko miTA diyA jAe / udyoga deza ke lie Avazyaka haiM para unake sAtha zoSaNa kA anubandha nahIM honA cAhie / zoSaNa hogA to zoSita varga meM usakI pratikriyA bhI hogI / kriyA kI pratikriyA avazyaM - bhAvI hai / prAcIna samaya meM saMgaThita pratikriyA ke sAdhana nahIM the; kyoMki zramikoM ke saMgaThana nahIM the / jaba eka mila meM hajAroM zramika kAma karane lage, taba se zramikoM ke saMgaThana (yUniyana) bana gaye / zramika saMgaThana apane prati hone vAle anyAya ke pratirodhaka bane / yadi zramikoM ke saMgha nahIM hote to sambhava hai unake prati adhika anyAya hotA / kyoMki jisa sthiti kA pratirodha nahIM hotA hai, vaha hAvI ho jAtI hai| majadUroM ke hitoM ko saMrakSaNa dene ke lie majadUra netAoM ne krAMti kI / zoSaNa ke virodha meM AvAja uThI, kintu isa AvAja kA artha yaha nahIM ki udyoga-dhandhoM ko samApta kara denA cAhie / zoSaNa ke viruddha AvAja dhArmika kSetra meM mahAvIra aura buddha ne zoSaNa ke virodha meM AvAja utthaayii| naitika mUlyoM ke pariprekSya meM AjIvikA - viccheda ko bahuta bar3A aparAdha mAnA gyaa| kisI ke adhikAra kA hanana aucitya kA atikramaNa hai / jIvikA ke lie prAptavya sAdhanoM meM kaTautI karanA vyakti ke zrama kA avamUlyana hai / zrama kA avamUlyana hone se hI zoSaNa-mUlaka manovRtti kA vikAsa huA hai / isa vRtti para bAra-bAra prahAra huA, phira bhI isakI jar3eM nahIM ukhar3a sakIM / ina zatAbdiyoM meM majadUroM ko bhAna huA ve jAgRta hue / kucha vyaktiyoM ne unake prati sahAnubhUti pradarzita kii| majadUroM ne unako apanA netA banA liyaa| majadUra netAoM ne sAmUhika AvAja uThAkara zoSaNa se mukti pAne kA prayatna kiyaa| majadUroM kI krAMti kA vikasita rUpa hI sAmyavAda hai / sAmyavAda kA udghoSa hai--zrama kA mUlya majadUroM ko mile / svAmitva kA dAyitva vahana karane ke lie sarakAra bhI majadUroM kI bane / niSkarSa kI bhASA kahA jA sakatA hai ki jo vicAradhArA zAsana aura pUMjI kA adhikAra sarvahArA varga ko detI hai, vahI sAmyavAda hai / sAmyavAdI logoM kA pramukha uddezya hai zoSita - zramika varga ko trANa denA / meM zoSaNa vihIna samAja kA nirmANa manuSya kI prakRti yaha hai ki vaha saMgraha se vimukha nahIM ho pAtA / pUMjI se alaga hokara athavA vyaktigata pUMjI na rakhane kI vyavasthA svIkAra karane ke

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zoSaNa-mukta samUha-cetanA 177 bAda bhI use eka balavAn preraNA milatI hai, jisase vaha saMgraha karatA hai| prakaTa rUpa se saMgraha karane kI sthiti na ho to chipakara karatA hai / sAmyavAdI dezoM meM bhI saMgraha aura bhraSTAcAra kA krama calatA hai| isa krama ko tor3ane ke lie vahAM kar3e niyaMtraNa kI vyavasthA hotI hai / isakA pariNAma yaha huA ki sAmyavAdI dezoM meM jahAM samAja zAsana-mukta honA cAhie thA, adhika niyaMtrita ho gyaa| isa atiniyaMtraNa kA ekamAtra kAraNa yahI hai ki jaba taka vRttiyoM kA zodhana nahIM hotA, jaba taka saMgraha ke saMskAra nahIM miTate, taba taka kevala vyavasthA se itanA bar3A parivartana asaMbhava nahIM to kaThina avazya hai| ___ aNuvrata mAnavIya svabhAva ko badalane ke lie prayatnazIla hai| vaha vyakti kI svatantra-cetanA aura saMgraha-mukta cetanA kA nirmANa karanA cAhatA hai| saMgraha-mukta cetanA hI svArtha-mukta cetanA ho sakatI hai / adhyAtma cetanA meM padArtha ke prati anAsakti ke bhAva utpanna ho jAte haiM / anAsakta-cetanA meM AvazyakatA mAtra bacatI hai, isalie saMgraha kI manovRtti svayaM samApta ho jAtI hai| zoSaNa-vihIna aura svatantra samAja kI racanA sAmyavAda aura aNuvrata donoM kA uddezya hai para donoM kI prakriyA bhinna hai| sAmyavAda vyavasthA detA hai aura aNuvrata vRttiyoM ko parimAjita karatA hai / vyavasthA kI gati tIvra ho sakatI hai kintu vaha uttarottara lakSya se pratikUla hotI jAtI hai| aNuvrata kI gati maMda hai para vaha uttarottara lakSya ke anukUla hai| tvarita gati kA utanA mahattva nahIM hai, jitanA lakSya-pratibaddha gati kA hai / sAmyavAdI dezoM kA vyaktivAda kI ora bar3hatA huA jhukAva dekhakara yaha sahaja hI jAnA jA sakatA hai ki vyavasthA-parivartana kI apekSA vRtti-parivartana kA krama prazasya hai / svatantra samAja kI racanA jisa samAja ke hita dUsare samAja ke hitoM dvArA bAdhita na hoM, vaha samAja svatantra samAja hai / vyavasAyI logoM kA eka samAja hai / eka samAja rAjya-karmacAriyoM kA hai aura eka samAja rAjanetAoM kA hai| vyavasAyiyoM ke hita karmacAriyoM dvArA bAdhita na hoM aura karmacAriyoM ke hitoM meM rAjanetAoM kI ora se kAI bAdhA na ho| isa prakAra jitane varga yA samAja haiM, unake hitoM meM paraspara saMgharSa na ho| jisa samAja meM dUsare ke hitoM ko kucalane kI svatantratA nahIM hai, vaha samAja svatantra samAja hai| aNuvrata manuSya ko yahI dRSTikoNa detA hai ki zakti kA niyojana kisI eka ke hita meM na ho| isI dRSTikoNa ko vyAvahArika rUpa dete hue kisI vyakti ne Atma-nivedana kiyA hai---'isase bar3hakara bhagavAn kI mujha para kyA kRpA hogI ki dUsaroM ko satAne ke lie mere pAsa zakti nahIM hai|' zakti prApta hone para bhI usakA durupayoga na karane kI vRtti dhArmika cetanA meM hI vikasita

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178 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja ho sakatI hai / vyavasthA yaha dRSTikoNa nahIM de sakatI / sAmyavAdI vyavasthA bhI yaha dRSTikoNa nahIM de sakatI / sAmyavAdI vyavasthA ne sabake hitoM ko mahattva diyA para unameM sAmaMjasya sthApita karane kI dRSTi nahIM dI / yahI kAraNa hai ki vaha vyavasthA saphala nahIM ho sakI / sAmyavAdI vyavasthA ke sAtha anAsakta cetanA kA vikAsa hone se hI zoSaNavihIna aura svatantra samAja kA nirmANa ho sakatA hai / zoSaNa vihIna aura svatantra samAja kA rUpa usa samAja meM vaiyaktika hitoM aura svArthoM ko hI prazraya nahIM milegA / eka-dUsare ke hitoM meM paraspara saMgharSa nahIM hogA / samucita vyavasthA hogI / zakti kA samyak niyojana hogaa| apane hita ke lie dUsare ke hitoM ko kucalane kI manovRtti nahIM hogii| udyoga sArvajanika ho yA vyaktigata, unase vaiyaktika svArthI ko poSaNa nahIM milegaa| kisI bhI vyakti kI zakti, buddhi, zrama aura artha kA zoSaNa nahIM hogA / koI vyakti kisI dUsare kA dAsa banakara nahIM rahegA / AtmAnuzAsana ke bhAva vikasita hoMge / sahayoga aura sahAnubhUti kI bhAvanA prabala hogI / saMgraha ke manobhAva samApta ho jAeMge / zrama aura artha kA visarjana mahattvapUrNa mAnA jAegA tathA mAnavIya cetanA ko svatantra aura anAsakta hone kA vAtAvaraNa milegA /

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samAjavAdI vyavasthA aura hiMsA kA alpIkaraNa Adhunika vicAradhArA eka sUtra kA prastutIkaraNa karatI hai-jIvana ke lie saMgharSa anivArya hai / dUsarA sUtra hai--vikAsa ke lie icchA kA Adhikya apekSita hai / adhika icchAeM aura adhika apekSAeM padArthoM kI adhikatA kA mukhya hetu haiM / vartamAna kI bhASA meM kahA jA sakatA hai-saMgharSa aura icchAvistAra-ina do sUtroM ke AdhAra para jana-jIvana kA DhAMcA TikA huA hai| purAnI bhASA meM isa tathya ko isa prakAra pratipAdita kiyA jA sakatA haihiMsA aura parigraha jIvana ke AdhAra haiN| aNuvrata kI vicAra-sAriNI isase bhinna hai / aNuvrata kA darzana bhagavAn mahAvIra ke DhAI hajAra varSa prAcIna ciMtana para AdhArita hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA-saMgharSa jIvana kA AdhAra nahIM hai| jIvana kA AdhAra hai-ahiMsA, prema, karuNA aura maitrI / yadyapi isa bAta ko asvIkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA ki jIvana meM hiMsA karanI par3atI hai, kintu isa svIkRti aura usa svIkRti meM antara hai| AdhAra aura anivAryatA do bhinna pahalU haiM / aNuvrata vicAradhArA ke anusAra hiMsA jIvana kI anivAryatA ho sakatI hai, AdhAra nahIM / isakA phalita yaha hotA hai ki zArIrika stara para hiMsA kI anivAryatA prApta hai kintu mAnasika stara para use samarthana nahIM diyA jA sakatA, kyoMki vaha jIvana kA AdhAra nahIM hai| vAryatA aura anivAryatA ke AdhAra para hiMsA ke tIna prakAroM kA ullekha milatA hai-AraMbhajA, virodhajA, sNklpjaa| ArambhajA hiMsA kRSi Adi se sambandhita hiMsA hai| isake binA jIvanayApana meM kaThinAI upasthita hotI hai, isalie isa hiMsA se uparata honA kaThina bAta hai / virodhajA hiMsA astitva-surakSA ke lie hotI hai / AkrAntA AkramaNa karatA hai, yaha hiMsA hai| isase apanA bacAva karanA pratihiMsA yA virodhajA hiMsA hai| isakI aparihAryatA isalie svIkAra kI jAtI hai ki kucha manacale vyakti apane asaMtulita mastiSka se AkramaNa karate rahate haiM / unake AkramaNa ko viphala karane ke lie yA apane astitva kI surakSA ke lie hiMsA kA kSetra khula jAtA hai / saMkalpajA hiMsA AkrAmaka manobhAvoM kI niSpatti hai| isa hiMsA kA na koI prayojana hotA hai aura na koI vizeSa uddezya / ahaM-cetanA aura pramAda-cetanA isameM preraka zakti hai| jo loga hiMsA ko jIvana kA AdhAra mAnate haiM, unakA prati

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180 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja vAda isa tathya se ho sakatA hai ki saMkalpajA hiMsA sarvathA avAMchanIya hai aura sarvathA parihArya hai | ArambhajA aura virodhajA hiMsA bhI yadi AvazyakatA yA anivAryatA para AdhArita nahIM hotI hai to saMkalpajA hiMsA kA rUpa le letI hai / ina saMdarbhoM meM mahArambha ko varjita batAyA gayA hai / mahAraMbha se uparata rahane kA tAtparya hai, hiMsA kA alpIkaraNa / hiMsA kI anivAryatA ko svIkRti milane para bhI hiMsA ke alpIkaraNa kI dizA meM gati yaha pramANita karatI hai ki jIvana kA AdhAra hiMsA nahIM, ahiMsA, prema aura maMtrI hai / aNuvrata eka vyAvahArika prayoga hai / yaha hiMsA ke alpIkaraNa kA sUtra detA hai / sAmAjika zAMti, jIvana-vikAsa aura astitva kI sthiratA ke lie yaha sUtra sarvathA upayukta hai / hiMsA kI unmuktatA mahAhiMsA kI ora prayANa hai / aise prayANa jahAM bhI hue haiM, vahAM sAMskRtika khatare upasthita hue haiM / prAcIna saMskRtiyoM ke hrAsa aura vilopa meM asaMtulana kA bahuta bar3A hAtha hai| asaMtulana ko rokane ke lie hiMsA kI alpatA ke siddhAnta ko mAnyatA denI hogI / yaha siddhAnta kevala dhArmika dRSTi se hI mUlyavAn nahIM hai / yaha sAmAjika aura sAMskRtika mUlya bhI rakhatA hai / isalie hiMsA kI saghanatA ko tor3anA apekSita hai / hiMsaka zaktiyAM kendrita na hoM, isa ciMtana se hI saMskRti kA vikAsa prArambha hotA hai| jahAM hiMsA kendrita ho jAtI hai, antima zikhara taka pahuMca jAtI hai, antima bindu kA sparza kara letI hai, vahIM se saMskRti ke patana kA daura zurU ho jAtA hai / kendrita hiMsA ke svarUpa tathA usake pariNAma ke AdhAra para hI aNuvrata ne usake virodha meM hiMsA ke alpIkaraNa kA svara uThAyA hai / vaha jIvana kI anivArya apekSAoM kI pUrti ke sAtha avAMchanIya tattvoM ko bhI samApta karatA hai / kucha rAjanItika paddhatiyAM jIvana ke stara para nahIM, kintu vicAroM ke stara para hiMsA kI anivAryatA ko svIkAra karatI haiM / kucha dhArmika maMca bhI vaicArika stara para hiMsA ko mAnyatA dete haiM / inake anusAra apanA vicAra aura dharma balAt thopA jA sakatA hai / yadi koI use svIkAra na kare to usa vyakti ko nirasta karanA bhI mAnya hai / aNuvrata kI dRSTi se svastha samAja racanA ke lie ukta donoM tathya avAMchanIya haiM / vaicArika stara para hiMsA kI anivAryatA ko svIkRti dene kA artha hai mArakATa ke silasile ko anantatA pradAna karanA / mere abhimata se dhArmika aura vaicArika svatantratA svAbhAvika hai / svataMtra vicAroM kI paridhi meM bhinnatA bhI svAbhAvika hai / bhinna pariveza sakatI hai, para thopane kI bAta samyag rUpa se ghaTita meM apanI bAta samajhAI jA nahIM ho sakatI / isameM 1

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samAjavAdI vyavasthA aura hiMsA kA alpIkaraNa 181 jo hiMsA kI paramparA calatI hai, vaha TUTatI nahIM, adhika gaharI ho jAtI hai| yaha hiMsA jIvana ke upakaraNa kRSi Adi kI bhAMti anivArya bhI nahIM hai| eka dRSTi se yaha mahA-hiMsA kI ora prasthAna hai / bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA-mahAhiMsA naraka kA hetu hai / naraka aura svarga kI pAralaukika paribhASA se haTakara bhI soceM to yaha kahane meM koI kaThinAI nahIM hai ki hiMsA kI vRddhi jIvana ko nArakIya banA detI hai / nArakIya yaMtraNAoM aura saMtrAsa se bojhila jIvana vyakti ko adhika asaMtulita banA detA hai| asaMtulana ke pariNAmasvarUpa sAmAjika tathA sAMskRtika mUlya vighaTita ho jAte haiM aura mAnavIya cetanA patana ke garta meM girakara daba jAtI hai| hiMsA ke alpIkaraNa kA siddhAnta sAdhana-zuddhi ke siddhAMta kA vikAsa hai| sAdhya cAhe kitanA hI prazasta ho, para sAdhana zuddha nahIM hai to vaha prayala vAMchanIya nahIM ho sktaa| samAjavAdI vyavasthA kA uddezya hai samAja ke bahusaMkhyaka logoM ko yatheSTa sukha-suvidhA upalabdha karAnA / kucha dharmoM kA uddezya hai-jaise-taise adhikAMza vyaktiyoM ko dharma ke mArga para lAnA / ina uddezyoM kI pUrti ke lie samAja ke kucha vyaktiyoM ko miTA dene kA siddhAnta prazasya nahIM hai| eka-dUsare kI sattA yA prabhutva ko samApta karane ke lie nirantara hatyAoM kA jo silasilA calatA hai, vaha mAnavIya cetanA meM hiMsA ke saMskAroM kA nirmANa kara detA hai| hiMsA ke saMskAroM kI nimiti aura usakA zRMkhalAbaddha pravAha mahAhiMsA ko pratyakSa nimaMtraNa hai| (mahAhiMsA kI Aga meM jhulasI huI cetanA kisI bhI samAja ke hita meM ho, yaha kabhI saMbhava nahIM hai|) jo dhArmika maMca balAt dharma-parivartana ke siddhAMta meM vizvAsa karate haiM, dharma kI AtmA ko upalabdha nahIM kara skte| unameM dharma kI apekSA saMgaThana yA sampradAya mukhya rahatA hai / sAmpradAyika abhinivezoM se hiMsA ko jo khulA protsAhana milatA hai, vaha aura adhika ghAtaka hai| __ isa sthiti meM nirapavAda mArga hai sAdhya aura sAdhana, donoM kI zuddhi kA, arthAt hiMsA ke alpIkaraNa kaa| jisa samAja meM hiMsA kI alpatA kI ora gati hotI rahegI, usa samAja meM durbhAvanA aura duzcitAeM svayaM kSINa hotI jAeMgI, krUra vyavahAra aura prANavadha jaisI ghaTanAoM ko protsAhana nahIM milegaa| apane ahaM-poSaNa ke lie dUsare ke astitva ko khatarA upasthita karane kA manobhAva nahIM rahegA, tathA nahIM rahegA sahAnavasthAna jaisA aspRhaNIya vicAra / aNuvrata hiMsA ko jIvana kA AdhAra kabhI nahIM mAna sakatA aura na aisA mAnane se sAmAjika jIvana ko Alambana mila sakatA hai| samatA, maitrI, prema, sauhArda evaM sAmaMjasya-ye saba hiMsA ke alpatama aura alpatara hone se hI ghaTita ho sakate haiN|

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samAjavAdI vyavasthA aura parigraha kA alpIkaraNa samAja-saMracanA kA mukhya AdhAra hai-arth-vyvsthaa| jisa samAja kI artha-vyavasthA jitanI samunnata aura saMtulita hotI hai, vaha samAja utanI hI pragati karatA hai| arthazAstriyoM ke isa siddhAMta meM sacAI nahIM hai, aisA maiM nahIM maantaa| daridratA samAja ke lie abhizApa hai| isa abhizApa se mukta hue binA koI bhI samAja Age nahIM bar3ha sakatA / isa tathya ko bhI asvIkAra nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| phira bhI aparigraha kA apanA mUlya hai aura vaha svastha samAja-nirmANa kA pramukha aMga hai| ___ aparigraha kA mUlya na to garIbI kI sthiti meM hai aura na lar3akhar3AtI artha-vyavasthA para AdhArita hai| vastu-utpAdana aura bhautika saMpadA ke sAtha usakA koI virodhI bhI nahIM hai| padArtha aura pdaarth-pryog| ina donoM ke hote hue bhI mana meM lagAva yA Asakti na ho, yaha aparigraha kI AdhAra-bhitti hai| isakA nirmANa karane ke lie aMtarjagat meM bahuta lambI yAtrA karanI hotI hai / vaha yAtrA adhyAtma kA anusaMdhAna hai aura viveka kA saMdhAna hai / sAmAjika vyakti ke lie aparigraha ke carama zikhara taka pahuMcanA kaThina hai, isa dRSTi se bhagavAn mahAvIra ne samAja ke lie parigraha ke alpIkaraNa kA siddhAnta diyaa| saMpadA mUlataH asvAmika hotI hai| usa para sattA, zakti aura vyAvasAyika buddhi ke dvArA svAmitva sthApita kiyA jAtA hai| jisa vyakti ke hAtha meM sattA hai, vaha apanI abhIpsA ke anurUpa saMpatti kA svAmI bana jAtA hai| zakti-prayoga bhI svAmitva-sthApanA kI zrRMkhalA meM eka kar3I hai| tIsarA tattva hai vyAvasAyika buddhi / isake dvArA vyakti apane svAmitva kA vistAra karake saMpadA para ekAdhipatya sthApita kara letA hai / vyavasAya aisI kalA hai, jo binA lar3AI-jhagar3e dUsare kI jeba se paisA nikalavA letI hai| svAmitva kI sImA kA nirdhAraNa na hone ke kAraNa vyakti kI AkAMkSA bar3hatI jAtI hai| adhika AkAMkSAeM tIvra Asakti ko janma detI haiM aura Asakti parigraha ko kendrita banA detI hai, jo mahAparigraha ke rUpa meM pariNata ho jAtA hai| ___mahAparigraha kA artha hI hai kendrita arth-vyvsthaa| yaha na to sAmAjika hita meM hai aura na dhArmika dRSTi se bhI hitAvaha hai| kendrita artha-vyavasthA saMgharSa, upadrava aura hiMsA kA kAraNa hai| hara yuga kA itihAsa isa tathya kA

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samAjavAdI vyavasthA aura parigraha kA alpIkaraNa 183 sAkSI hai| artha ke kendrIkaraNa se saMbhAvita duSpariNAmoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara sAmAjika aura rAjanaitika stara para saMgraha ke samIkaraNa kA prayatna hotA rahA dhArmika stara para bhagavAna mahAvIra ne isa saMdarbha meM vizada ciMtana diyaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne mahAparigraha kI vyAkhyA do prakAra se dI-mahAn Asakti aura mahAn saMgraha / kevala Asakti hI parigraha ke rUpa meM paribhASita ho to padArthoM kA pracura saMgraha kyoM hogA; anAsakta vyakti anAvazyaka saMgraha karegA hI kyoM ? kevala padArtha-saMgraha hI mahAparigraha ho to mAnasika stara para ghaTane vAlI ghaTanA ko asvIkRti mila jaaegii| isalie mahAn Asakti aura mahAn saMgraha donoM hI vAMchanIya nahIM haiN| ye donoM milakara mahAparigraha kI zreNI meM Ate haiN| saMgraha aura Asakti na Atma-hita kI dRSTi se vAMchanIya haiM aura na samAja-vyavasthA kI dRSTi se / isa sthiti meM aparigraha kA siddhAnta sAmane AtA hai| para isa sacAI ko bhI nakArA nahIM jA sakatA ki vyakti garIba hokara acchA sAmAjika jIvana nahIM jI nahIM sktaa| isalie bhagavAn mahAvIra dvArA nirdezita parigraha ke alpIkaraNa kA siddhanta kAryakara ho sakatA hai / alpaparigraha kA artha hai-icchA-alpa aura saMgraha-alpa / alpatA ke isa sUtra ko Age rakhakara hI aNuvrata apanA kAryakrama prastuta karatA hai| aNuvrata sabase pahale dRSTikoNa-nirmANa kI dizA detA hai| artha AvazyakatA-pUrti kA sAdhana hai, sAdhya nhiiN| yaha siddhAnta deza aura kAla se abAdhita hai| isa dRSTikoNa ke sthira hone ke bAda parigraha kI sImA aura visarjana-ye do mAdhyama aise haiM, jo artha ko vikendrita rakha sakate haiN| aNuvrata ne parigraha ke eka nizcita sImAkaraNa kI apekSA arjana ke srotoM kI zuddhi para adhika bala diyA hai| arjana ke sAre srota zuddha rahe aura vyaktigata stara para padArtha-upabhoga ke saMyama kA lakSya rahe to atirikta saMgraha kI sthiti svayaM mor3a le sakatI hai / vAstava meM mahAparigraha ke mukhya srota do haiM-arjana ke sAdhanoM kI azuddhi aura vyaktigata asaMyama / yadi ye donoM srota banda ho jAeM to sahaja hI alpaparigraha phalita ho jAtA hai| aNuvrata isI bhUmikA para janatA kA mArgadarzana karatA hai| parigraha ke alpIkaraNa kI bAta zAzvata satya ke rUpa meM mAnya hai| yaha Atmahita ke lie jitanI anukUla hai, samAja-vyavasthA ke lie bhI utanI hI anukUla hai| eka siddhAnta sthApita kiyA jA sakatA hai ki jo samAja-vyavasthA Atmahita se pratikUla jAtI hai, vaha sAmAjika hitoM kI dRSTi se bhI kama anukUla hogii| yaha satya pramANita ho cukA hai ki jisa pravRtti meM caitanya kA sparza nahIM

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184 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja hai, vahAM prANavattA nahIM A sktii| caitanya-sparza meM antas ke sparza kiye binA vaha zakti sphurita nahIM ho pAtI, jisakA Aloka bAhara aura bhItara donoM ko prakAzita kara sake / dahalIja para rakhA huA dIpaka kakSa ke bhItarI bhAga aura bAharI bhAga donoM ko Alokita kara detA hai| isI prakAra antazcetanA se sambaddha samAja-vyavasthA hI donoM dizAoM meM hita-sAdhana ke lie sakSama ho sakatI hai| parigraha kI alpatA kA sUtra antazcetanA ke sparza se abhivyakti pAtA hai| ata: vaha samAja-cetanA ke lie bhI hitakara hai / jo vyakti mAnavIya mUlyoM meM vizvAsa rakhatA hai, vaha adhika saMgraha nahIM rakha sktaa| mAnavIya mUlyoM meM karuNA aura samatva, ina donoM dRSTiyoM se alpaparigraha kA mUlya AMkA jA sakatA hai / jo vyakti krUra nahIM hogA arthAt jo karuNAzIla hogA, vaha saMgrahacetanA ke kendra meM visphoTa karane meM sakSama hai / jisa vyakti kA samatva vikasita hai vaha saMgraha-cetanA kI eka-eka parata kholakara asaMgraha kI ora gati kara sakatA hai| ukta tathyoM ko isa prakAra bhI abhivyakta kiyA jA sakatA haijIvana vRkSa ke tIna amUlya phala haiM-mAnavIya dRSTikoNa, karuNA aura samatva / ye tInoM phala jisa vyakti ko upalabdha haiM, vaha alpaparigraha kA prayoga kara sakatA hai| vartamAna arthazAstra kA siddhAMta hai vyakti nikammA na rhe| vaha kucha-na kucha karatA rahe, tAki usakI kSamatAoM meM jaMga na lge| jisa vyakti kI vyAvasAyika kSamatA vikasita hai, vaha usakA upayoga na kare, yaha samAja ke hita meM bhI nahIM hai| isa dRSTi se aNuvrata eka vyAvahArika siddhAnta kI prasthApanA kara Age bar3ha rahA hai / vaha yaha nahIM kahatA ki vyakti vyavasAya na kare, apanI kSamatA kA upayoga na kare / kintu vaha yaha ciMtana detA hai ki ajita saMpatti para apanA svAmitva sthApita na kre| jo prApta hai, use eka sImA ke bAda apane adhikAra meM na rakhe, usakA visarjana kare / azuddha paddhatiyoM se arjana na ho aura atirikta kA visarjana ho, yaha ubhayata : pAza-donoM ora se niyamana hai| isase arjana meM zuddhatA kA praveza hogA aura jo atirikta saMgraha samAja kI pIr3A banA huA hai, vaha visarjana ke mAdhyama se bahakara lAghava kI anubhUti detA rhegaa| aNuvrata parigraha ke alpIkaraNa ke siddhAnta ko dRr3ha vizvAsa ke sAtha jana-jana taka pahuMcAnA cAhatA hai| isase Atmahita sadhegA aura sAtha-sAtha samAjavAdI vyavasthA ko bhI bala milegaa| samAjavAdI vyavasthA ko bala denA dUsarI bAta hai, pahalI bAta hai Atmahita ke pariprekSya meM isakA AdhyAtmika mUlyAMkana / jisa samAja-vyavasthA meM Atma-zAnti, vaiyaktika svataMtratA aura sampannatA ko saMyukta mUlya dene kI parikalpanA hai, vahAM alpaparigraha ke siddhAMta ko asvIkAra nahIM kiyA jA sktaa|

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AvazyakatAoM para niyaMtraNa hI samAjavAda kI nIMva hai eziyA kA pratyeka deza Aja audyogIkaraNa kI ora tejI se kadama bar3hAne ke lie utsuka hai / jora-jabaradastI se jaba yaha kadama Age bar3hAyA jAtA hai to usakA kyA pariNAma hotA hai, yaha rUsa aura dUsare kamyunisTa deza hameM cetAvanI de rahe haiN| isalie eziyA vAloM ko samAjavAda taka pahuMcane kA apanA hI koI rAstA aura audyogIkaraNa kA apanA hI koI namUnA khoja lenA caahie| yaha socanA bhI bhrAmaka hogA ki yadi lokatAntrika vyavasthA ke saMrakSaNa meM audyogIkaraNa kI prakriyA calatI hai, to phira audyogIkaraNa kI gati se koI Dara nahIM hai| eka nizcita hada ke bAhara jAte hI audyogIkaraNa kI gati svata: anivArya rUpa se tAnAzAhI kI paristhiti paidA kara degii| (pUMjIvAda kA to hai hI, para) samAjavAdI aura sAmyavAdI ina donoM kA bhI jora bhautika samRddhi, utpAdana kI uttarottara vRddhi aura jIvanastara ko adhikAdhika UMcA uThAne para rahatA hai / isase inkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA ki manuSya kI bhautika AvazyakatAoM kI yathocita pUrti honI caahie| yaha satya hai ki bhArata jaise garIba aura pichar3e hue deza meM sAmAjika punanirmANa kA mukhya kAma hI jana-sAdhAraNa ke jIvana-stara ko UMcA uThAnA hai| kintu bhautika samRddhi ko devatA-tulya banA dene aura bhautika padArthoM kI icchA rakhane vAlI bhUkha ko zAMta karanekI icchA rakhane vAlI jIvana-dRSTi ko protsAhita karane se na to yahAM kAma calegA aura na kahIM anyatra hii| yadi lagAtAra vaha bhUkha unako satAtI rahI, to na logoM ke dila aura dimAga meM zAMti rahegI aura na eka-dUsare ke bIca Apasa meM hI zAMti rhegii| usase vyaktiyoM, daloM aura rASTroM ke bIca avazya hI eka aniyantrita spardhA khar3I ho jaaegii| pratyeka vyakti apane par3osI se Age bar3hane kI koziza karegA aura pratyeka rASTra kevala dUsare rASTroM ko pakar3a pAne kI hI nahIM, balki una sabako pIche chor3a jAne kI koziza kregaa| isa prakAra ke asaMtoSI samAja meM hiMsA aura yuddha usakI eka khAsiyata ho jAte haiN| taba jIvana ke samasta mUlya "aura cAhie," "aura cAhie" kI sarvopari icchA ke adhIna ho jaayeNge| dharma, kalA, darzana, vijJAna, sabako "adhika cAhie," "aura adhika cAhie" isa eka hI lakSya kI pUrti meM laga jAnA pdd'egaa| samatA, svataMtratA,

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ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja bandhutva sabake-sabako bhautikavAda kI sArvabhauma bAr3ha meM DUba jAne kA khatarA paidA ho jaayegaa| mAnava-jIvana meM koI anya sahArA, koI saccA santoSa nahIM rahegA, kyoMki jitanA hI adhika kisI ke pAsa hotA hai, utanI hI adhika usakI bhUkha bar3hatI hai| zArIrika AvazyakatAoM para niyantraNa naitika jIvana aura mAnavIya vyaktitva ke vikAsa tathA samasta mAnavIya guNoM aura mUlyoM ke phUlane-phalane ke lie zArIrika bhUkha (AvazyakatAoM) para niyantraNa rakhanA anivArya hai| samAjavAdI mUlyoM ke sambandha meM to yaha bAta khAsa taura se sahI hai / sabake sAjhe prayatna se jo upayogI cIjeM upalabdha hoM, unheM eka-dUsare ke sAtha bAMTakara khAne kA tarIkA hI samAjavAdI jIvana mArga hai| bAMTa lene kA yaha kAma jitanI svecchA aura sahamati se hotA hai, utanA hI samAja meM tanAva aura dabAva kama hogA aura utanA hI adhika samAjavAda usameM hogaa| maiM samajhatA hUM ki jaba taka samAja ke sadasya apanI AvazyakatAoM para niyaMtraNa rakhanA nahIM sIkhate, svecchA se cIjoM ko bAMTa lenA yadi asaMbhava nahIM, to kaThina avazya hogaa| taba samAja nizcaya hI Tukar3oM meM baMTa jaaegaa| eka una logoM kA, jo dUsaroM ko anuzAsita karane kA prayatna karate hoMge aura dUsarA, bAkI bace hue saba logoM kA / samAja kI isa prakAra kI vyavasthA meM eka prazna hamezA sAmane rahatA __ "anuzAsita karane vAloM para anuzAsana kauna rakhegA, rAjya karane vAloM para rAjya kauna karegA?" sAmyavAdI dezoM ke udAharaNa aura samAjavAdI sarakAroM ke anubhava se yaha prakaTa hai ki isa zAzvata prazna kA utara denA bahuta kaThina hI hai| isakA eka hI hala mAlUma hotA hai aura vaha yaha ki Upara se anuzAsana karane kI AvazyakatA aura usake kSetra ko jitanA adhika-se-adhika saMbhava ho, saMkucita aura sImAbaddha kiyA jAya tathA AtmAnuzAsana ke kSetra kA uttarottara vistAra kiyA jAya / yaha ho sakegA isa bAta kA itaminAna dilAne para ki samAja kA pratyeka sadasya AtmAnuzAsana se kAma karatA hai aura samAjavAdI mUlyoM ke anurUpa AcaraNa karatA hai aura dUsarI cIjoM ke sAtha-sAtha apane sAthiyoM ke bIca svecchApUrvaka bAMTa-bAMTatA aura sahayoga karatA hai| sattA kA vikendrIkaraNa nIce se ___avazya hI janatAntrika samAjavAdiyoM meM sattA ke vikendrIkaraNa, 'caukhambA-rAjya' tathA isI prakAra kI anya dhAraNAoM ke saMbaMdha meM aspaSTa carcAeM hotI thiiN| kintu dekhA ki amala meM unakA ekamAtra dhyeya sattA para

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AvazyakataoM para niyaMtraNa hI samAjavAna kI nIMva hai 187 kabjA karane kA thaa| lagatA hai, unakA vizvAsa thA ki sattA kA vikendrIkaraNa bhI pahale sattA ke vartamAna kendroM ko jItakara apane kabje meM kara lene ke uparAnta hI saMbhava hogA, kyoMki usa samaya vikendrIkaraNa aura saMsthA-vighaTana kAnUna banAkara kiyA jA sakatA hai / lekina ve isa prakriyA kI nirarthakatA ko samajha nahIM pAye / Upara se logoM ke hAtha meM sattA bAMTakara vikendrIkaraNa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, khAsa taura se jaba loga rAjanItika dRSTi se bilkula kucala diye gaye hoM aura dala-prathA tathA sattA ke kendrIkaraNa ke kAraNa sva-zAsana kI jinakI zakti, yadi naSTa nahIM, to sarvathA chinna-bhinna kara dI gayI ho| ___Aja vidhAnasabhA meM bane hue kAnUnoM ke anusAra grAma-paMcAyatoM kA saMgaThana ho rahA hai| ye saccI paMcAyateM nahIM haiM / gAMdhIjI jise "grAmarAjya" kahate the, vaha ye nahIM haiN| gAMdhIjI ke sAragarbhita zabdoM meM "paMcAyata apane hI banAye hue kAnUnoM ke anusAra kAma kara sakatI hai|" samAja ke jIvana ko Atma-niyantrita rakhane kI yaha zakti paidA kI jAnI cAhie, vikendrIkaraNa ke nAma para Upara se bakhzI nahIM jAnI caahie| isakI prakriyA nIce se zurU honI cAhiye / svarAjya aura Atma-vyavasthA ke kAryakrama janatA ke sAmane rakhe jAyeM aura vidhAyaka tathA nirdalIya dRSTi se unakI sahAyatA kI jAye, tAki ve unheM vyavahAra meM lA sakeM / aba yaha spaSTa ho gayA hai ki gAMdhIjI rASTrIya paimAne para isa kAryakrama ko calAne kI dRSTi se hI kAMgresa ke eka nirdalIya loka-sevaka saMgha meM parivartita karane kI bAta soca rahe the| ___ maiM rAjya kI uttarottara bar3hatI huI pratiSThA ko gaharI AzaMkA aura bhaya kI dRSTi se dekhatA rahA hUM / sAmyavAdI, gaNatAntrika samAjavAdI tathA kalyANavAdI-phAsisToM kI to kaheM hI kyA--saba-ke-saba rAjyavAdI haiN| ve saba pahale hAtha meM sattA lekara, usake bAda rAjya ke adhikAroM aura kAryakSetroM meM vRddhi karake apane DhaMga kA satayuga nirmANa karanA cAhate haiN| bUrjaA (bhadra logoM ke) rAjya kA rAjanItika sattA para ekAdhikAra thaa| samAjavAdI rAjya meM usake sAtha Arthika ekAdhikAra ke jur3ane kA bhaya rahatA hai| sattA ke itane bar3e kendrIkaraNa ko niyantrita aura saMyamita rakhane ke lie usase adhika nahIM, to utanI zakti to cAhie ho| samAjavAdI samAja meM isa prakAra kI koI zakti aura prabhutA ke AzvAsana kI apekSA nahIM karanI cAhie / Arthika aura rAjanItika aphasarazAhI itanI zaktizAlI ho jAyegI aura itane mahattvapUrNa sattA sthAna usake hAtha meM hoMge ki janatA kI svataMtratA aura svAdhikAra ke sAtha hI janatA kI rojI-roTI bhI sarvathA usa aphasarazAhI kI dayA para nirbhara kregii| isa khatare se bacane kA mujhe kevala eka hI upAya milA ki jahAM taka

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188 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja vyAvahArika ho sake, janatA ke lie rAjya ke binA kAma calAnA aura apanI vyavasthA pratyakSa rUpa meM apane-Apa kara lenA saMbhava banAyA jAya / samAjavAda kI bhASA meM bolanA ho to maiM isa prakAra kahUMgA ki rAjyasattA kA istemAla karake samAjavAda kAyama karane ke bajAya janatA ke svaicchika prayatnoM dvArA samAjavAdI jIvana ke svarUpoM kI sRSTi aura vikAsa kiyA jAya / dUsare zabdoM meM upAya yaha hai ki rAjyavAdI samAjavAda ke sthAna para janatA kA samAjavAda kAyama kiyA jAya / sarvodaya janatA kA samAjavAda hai| pratyeka samAjavAdI sarvodaya se sahamata ho yA nahIM, itanA to use mAnanA cAhiye ki "jitanA hI janatA kA athavA svaicchika samAjavAda adhika hogA aura rAjya kI ora se lAdA huA samAjavAda kama hogA, samAjavAda utanA hI adhika pUrNa aura yathArtha bnegaa|" bhAvI samAja prazna yaha hai ki usa samAja kA rUpa kyA hogA jisameM janatA ke lie apane sAmAjika jIvana kA svayaM-saMcAlana karanA aura jIvana ke una samasta mUlyoM kA vikAsa karanA saMbhava hogA, jo sahakAra, AtmAnuzAsana, uttaradAyitva kI bhAvanA Adi ke rUpa meM samAjavAdI samAja kI vizeSatAeM haiN| yaha aisA prazna hai, jisakI ora samAjavAdiyoM ne aba taka kama-ye-kama dhyAna diyA hai| mAnava samAja kucha isa taraha vikasita huA hai ki usase Aja kI pecIdA audyogika sabhyatAeM hI nikalatIM, ina 'sabhyatAoM' meM zahara kahalAne vAle manuSyoM ke bar3e-bar3e jaMgala haiM, Arthika aura sAmAjika saMbandha sarvathA avaiyaktika aura niSprANa haiM, kArya-praNAlI kaSTasAdhya hai aura manuSya Ananda evaM sRjanazakti kI abhivyakti ke avasaroM se vaMcita hai| use kevala utpAdana-zakti aura kAryakSamatA ke AdhAra para hI mAnyatA milatI hai| vijJAna ne akhila vizva ko sikor3akara eka par3osa banA diyA hai, kintu manuSya ne eka aisI sabhyatA kA nirmANa kara liyA hai jisameM ki par3osI bhI aparicita bana gaye haiN| isa prakAra kA kendrita, pecIdA aura Upara se bojhila (Top-heavy) samAja aphasarazAhoM, vyavasthApakoM, yaMtrajJoM aura aMka-zAstriyoM ke lie svarga bana jAtA hai| isa prakAra kA samAja ekarasa nahIM bana sakatA, jahAM bhAI bhI bhAI-bhAI kI taraha eka sAtha na raha skeN| samAjavAdiyoM ne vijJAna, utpAdana, kAryakSamatA, jIvana stara tathA Uce-UMce Adarza vAle nAroM ke nAma para samAja ke isa bhasmAsura ko bilakula jyoM-kA-tyoM le liyA hai aura aba ve AzA karate haiM ki isameM sArvajanika svAmitva yA janatA kI mAlikI jor3akara ve use samAjavAdI banAyeMge / maiM namratApUrvaka kahanA cAhatA hUM ki isa prakAra ke samAja meM samAjavAdI sAMsa bhI

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AvazyakatAoM para niyaMtraNa hI samAjavAda kI nIMva hai 186 nahIM le sktaa| yadi manuSya choTe-choTe samudAyoM meM rahe to sva-zAsana svavyavasthA, pArasparika sahakAra aura samAnatA, svatantratA, bandhutva, ina sabakA prayoga aura vikAsa behatarI ke lie ho sakatA hai| pazcima meM bhI dUra-dRSTi vAle vicArakoM ko aba aisA lagane lagA hai| isake atirikta manuSya prakRti aura saMskRti donoM kI upaja hai| isalie usake santulita vikAsa ke lie yaha Avazyaka hai ki donoM ke bIca madhura samarasatA paidA kI jAya / lekina pArkoM aura hare-bhare mArgoM ke hote hue bhI landana, perisa, nyUyArka, mAsko jaise Adhunika sabhyatA ke kendroM meM isa prakAra kI samarasatA kAyama karanA saMbhava nahIM hai| isI kA pariNAma hai ki Adhunika manuSya kA vikAsa vikRta aura ekAMgI ho gayA hai| prakRti aura saMskRti kA sarasa sammizraNa apekSAkRta choTe-choTe samudAyoM meM hI saMbhava ho sakatA hai| AlDasa haksale kI 'sAiMsa-libarTI eNDa pIsa" meM AtA hai : "aba yaha kAphI spaSTa ho gayA hai ki manuSya kI manovaijJAnika AvazyakatAeM, usakI AdhyAtmika AvazyakatAoM kI kauna kahe, taba taka pUrI nahIM ho sakatI, jaba taka (1) usako kAphI vyaktigata svatantratA aura eka svazAsita dala ke rUpa meM ekadUsare ke prati aura pUre dala ke prati, vyaktigata uttaradAyitva na ho; (2) usake kArya meM eka khAsa saundarya kI bhAvanA aura mAnavIya gaurava na ho aura jaba taka (3) apane prAkRtika vAtAvaraNa ke sAtha usakA sajIva aura gaharA anyonyAzraya saMbaMdha na ho|" ___ inhIM kAraNoM se gAMdhIjI itanA jora dekara kahate the ki bhAratIya grAma aura grAma-svarAjya (nAmarAja) hI unake bhAvI samAja kI buniyAda haiN| gAMdhIjI kA abhiprAya bhAI-bhAI kI taraha zAntipUrvaka rahane vAle svatantra aura samAna vyaktiyoM ke samAja se thA / vijJAna aura laghu-utpAdana choTI choTI bastiyo meM rahane aura adhikAMza apane lie yA sthAnika upayoga ke lie choTe-choTe yaMtroM para utpAdana karane ko loga vijJAna kI suI ko pIche ghasITanA kaha sakate haiN| loga samajhate haiM ki vijJAna bar3e paimAne para kendrita utpAdana aura manuSyoM kI ghanI-ghanI bastiyAM anivArya rUpa se sahacArI hai| isase adhika bemAnI bAta aura kyA ho sakatI hai ? vijJAna do taraha kA hai / zuddha vijJAna aura vyavahArya vijJAna / maiM kevala zuddha vijJAna ko hI vijJAna kahUMgA, dUsarA to yaMtra-kalA hai / vijJAna kA upayoga svata: vijJAna para nirbhara nahIM karatA balki samAja ke caritra para nirbhara karatA hai| bar3I mazInoM ke dvArA bar3e paimAne para utpAdana karanA rupayA kamAne vAloM ke lie lAbhadAyaka thA, isalie yaMtra-kalA ne usa viziSTa prakAra ke utpAdana kA mArga apanAyA /

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160 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja samAja meM paisA kamAne vAle pUMjIpatiyoM kA prabhAva thA, isalie unake mana kI bAta hone hI vAlI thI / sarakAreM bhI unakA dhyeya kucha bhI ho, kendrita aura bar3e paimAne para utpAdana ko hI pasanda karatI haiN| kyoMki yuddha karane ke lie (Apa cAheM to "saMrakSaNa ke lie" kaha sakate haiM) usakI AvazyakatA thii| isalie bhI usakA mahattva thA ki usake dvArA sArI Arthika aura isalie rAjanItika bhI sattA unake hAthoM meM kendrita hotI thii| isa prakAra sarakAroM aura munAphAkhoroM ne milakara Adhunika samAja ke bhasmAsura ko paidA kiyA hai| becAre vijJAna kA isa mAmale meM koI hAtha nahIM thaa| itanA hI nahIM, vaijJAnikoM kA basa calatA to ve utpAdana aura vinAza ke ina bahuta se sAdhanoM ko, jinake nirmANa meM unake AviSkAroM se sahAyatA milI hai cakanAcUra karake prasanna hote / samAja ne yadi sattA, munAphA aura yuddha ke lakSyoM ko na apanAkara zAnti, sadbhAvanA, sahakAra, svatantratA aura bandhutva ke lakSyoM ko apanAyA hotA, to nizcita hI yaMtra-kalA kA tadanurUpa vikAsa karane meM vijJAna kA utanA hI sahayoga huA hotA / vaha vijJAna kI avanati nahIM kahI jAtI balki vinAza ke badale nirmANa kI dizA meM usakI pragati hI kahI jaatii| isa prasaMga meM maiM phira "haksale" ke vicAra peza karatA hUM : __ "merA vyaktigata vicAra hai, jo daraasala vikendrIkaraNa ke samasta samarthakoM kA vicAra hai ki jaba taka zuddha vijJAna ke niSkarSoM kA upayoga bar3e paimAne para utpAdana aura vitaraNa karanevAlI udyoga-vyavasthA ko mahaMgI, adhika vistRta aura adhikAdhika viziSTa banAne meM hotA rahegA, sattA kA nirantara thor3e-se-thor3e hAthoM meM adhikAdhika kendrIkaraNa hone ke sivA aura kucha ho hI nahIM sktaa| Arthika tathA rAjanItika sattA ke isa kendrIkaraNa ke pariNAma svarUpa janatA nirantara apanI nAgarika svatantratA, apanI vyaktigata svAzrayatA aura svazAsana ke apane avasara khotI rhegii| kintu hameM yaha acchI taraha samajha lenA cAhie ki nilipta vaijJAnika anusaMdhAnoM kI upalabdhiyAM apane Apa meM koI aisI vastu nahIM hai jo kendrita Arthika vyavasthA, udyoga aura sattA ke lAbha ke lie apane upayoga ko anivArya banAtI ho| yadi AviSkAraka aura yaMtrajJa loga cAheM to zuddha vijJAna ke niSkarSoM ko svatantra rUpa se yA sahakArI maMDaloM ke kAma karane vAle choTe-choTe kArobAra ke mAlikoM ke Arthika svAvalambana meM aura isaliye rAjanItika svAtaMtrya ko bar3hAne ke kAmoM meM, utanI hI upayogitA ke sAtha istemAla kara sakate haiN|" - sarvasevA saMgha prakAzana, rAjaghATa, vArANasI dvArA prakAzita-'samAjavAda se sarvodaya ko ora' se|

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samUha-cetanA kA vikAsa vyakti-cetanA samUha-cetanA se prabhAvita hotI hai, yaha bAta sahI hai / sAmUhika stara para kie jAne vAle kAryoM meM suvidhA bhI bahuta rahatI hai| samUha cetanA meM jAgaraNa hone ke bAda vyakti ke lie prayAsa karane kI apekSA bhI nahIM hai kintu isa prakriyA meM bhI kucha kaThinAiyAM haiN| pahalI bAta yaha hai ki sAmUhika parivartana meM daNDa-zakti aura vyavasthA kA yoga Avazyaka hai| jinake hAtha meM sattA aura vyavasthA nahIM hai, ve samUha-cetanA kA nirmANa kara sakeM, yaha bahuta kaThina bAta hai / aNuvrata vyakti-cetanA ke mAdhyama se samUha-cetanA kA jAgaraNa karane ke lie prayatnazIla hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki daNDa aura vyavasthA ke AdhAra para jo kAma hotA hai / usameM AropaNa ho sakatA hai, svIkAra nahIM / svIkRti kA sambandha hRdayaparivartana se hai / hRdaya-parivartana kA artha kisI dUsare hRdaya kA pratyAropaNa nahIM, kintu vicAra-parivartana hai / bAdhyatA yA AropaNa vyakti ko badala sakate haiM para usake vicAroM ko nahIM badala sakate / eka lakSya ko lekara calane vAle so vyakti bhI hara tathya para sahamata nahIM ho pAte, phira lAkhoM-karor3oM ke stara para parivartana kA jo prazna hai, vahAM sabakI svIkRti sahaja kaise ho sakatI hai ? eka-rUpatA bAdhyatA kI sthiti meM saMbhava hai| vicAra-bhinnatA, ise niSpanna nahIM kara sktii| yadyapi hara vyakti naitikatA ko acchA mAnatA hai, naitika banane kA lakSya lekara calatA hai aura yaha bAta bhI usakI samajha meM AtI hai ki mujhe naitika bananA cAhie; phira bhI saba loga naitika bana jAeM, yaha bahuta kaThina bAta hai / jaba taka saba vyakti naitika nahIM banate, taba taka kucha vyaktiyoM ke naitika bane rahane meM kaThinAI bhI hai| kyoMki isase unake hita vighaTita hote haiM / vaiyaktika hitoM kA vighaTana hone kI sthiti meM bhI jo vyakti adhyAtma aura nIti ko AdhAra mAnakara calate haiM, ve samUha-cetanA ke vikAsa kA mAdhyama bana sakate haiN| adhyAtma-cetanA aura vyavasthA __ adhyAtma-cetanA aura vyavasthA meM samajhautA kabhI nahIM honA caahie| jahAM samajhaute kI sthiti paidA hotI hai, vahAM adhyAtma-cetanA lar3akhar3A jAtI hai / vyavasthA anaitikatA ko miTAne meM sahayogI bana sakatI hai para adhyAtma

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162 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja cetanA ke stara para koI kAma nahIM kara sktii| jahAM vyavasthA kA sahAyaka sAmagrI ke rUpa meM upayoga hotA hai, vahAM adhyAtma-cetanA nikhara sakatI hai| kintu samajhaute meM kaI kaThinAiyAM paidA ho jAtI haiN| sabase bar3I kaThinAI yaha hai ki vyavasthA adhyAtma-cetanA para hAvI ho jAtI hai aura parivartana kA mUla uddezya pIche chUTa jAtA hai| upalabdhi do prakAra kI hotI hai-daSTa aura adRSTa / vijJAna kI jitanI upalabdhiyAM haiM, ve dRSTa haiM aura unase pratyakSa rUpa se bhautika lAbha prApta ho rahA hai / adhyAtma bhautika lAbha para niyantraNa karatA hai tathA usase prAtavya Atmopalabdhi pratyakSa nahIM hai / jo pratyakSa lAbha cAhate haiM ve parokSa meM hone vAlI upalabdhi se AkRSTa nahIM ho sakate / isalie AdhyAtmika mUlyoM kA avamUlyana ho rahA hai aura manuSya vijJAna ke prati adhika AsthAvAn banatA jA rahA hai| vaijJAnika upalabdhiyoM ne manuSya ko jitanI suvidhAeM dI haiM, usa rUpa meM adhyAtma kI koI upalabdhi nahIM hai| adhyAtma se bahuta bar3I upalabdhi ho sakatI hai, isa abhyupagama mAtra se adhyAtma ke prati janatA kA AkarSaka bar3hane vAlA nahIM hai / aNuvrata AdhyAtmika upalabdhiyoM ke prati AkarSaNa paidA karane kA eka upakrama hai kintu yaha una upalabdhiyoM ko pratyakSa rUpa meM prastuta karake hI Age bar3ha sakatA hai / samUha cetanA aura samAja vikAsa adhyAtma ke stara para samAja meM aba taka koI vyApaka parivartana nahIM huA hai| kAraNa, adhyAtma ke prati vyApaka AkarSaNa nahIM hai aura AkarSaNa paidA karane vAlI vyApaka upalabdhiyAM bhI nahIM haiN| jo vyakti AdhyAtmika haiM unakA mAnasa bhautika kI ora AkRSTa ho rahA hai, taba bhautikavAdI loga adhyAtma kI zaraNa meM kaise A sakeMge? AdhyAtmika krAnti na hone kA eka kAraNa yaha ho sakatA hai ki adhyAtmavAdiyoM kI mAnyatA aura yathArtha bhinna-bhinna koNoM para AdhArita haiM / ve mAnyatA adhyAtma ko dete haiM para usakI yathArthatA spaSTa karane vAle sAdhana unheM prApta nahIM haiM / adhyAtma jaba mAnyatA ke pariveza meM baMdha jAtA hai, taba yathArtha kA mUlya bhautikatA ko prApta ho jAtA hai| aisI sthiti meM AdhyAtmika stara para vyApaka parivartana hone kI saMbhAvanA bhI nahIM kI jA sktii| adhyAtma sUkSma jagat kA viSaya hai aura bhautika sthala jagat kaa| sthala kI apekSA sUkSma sadA ulajhana meM rahatA hai / yaha ulajhana taba taka samApta nahIM hogI, jaba taka adhyAtma ke sUkSma rahasyoM ko sthUla paridhAna meM saMsAra ke sAmane prastuta nahIM kiyA jaaegaa| phira bhI eka bAta avazya hai ki

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samUha-cetanA kA vikAsa 163 yadi naitikatA ko koI sazakta vyAvahArika AdhAra mila sakA to vyakti-cetanA ke jAgaraNa kA sthAna samUha-cetanA ko mila sakatA hai| mUrta ke prati AkarSaNa paidA hone se naitikatA ko bhI AdhAra mila sakatA hai aura usase sAmUhika parivartana bhI saMbhava hai / para isake lie kevala niSedhAtmakatA paryApta nahIM hai| kyoMki kevala nakArAtmaka dRSTikoNa sAmUhika hitoM kA vighaTaka-sA pratIta hotA hai / vighaTaka tattva kisI kA AdhAra nahIM bana sakatA / naitikatA kI bhAvanA eka mUrta AdhAra hai / kucha dezoM meM rASTraprema ko utkaTa rUpa dekara usake AdhAra para anaitikatA ko samApta karane kA prayAsa huA hai| rASTrIyatA kI sImA se Upara kA eka tattva hai, mAnavatA ke prati prema / Atmaupamya kI vRtti se prema-bhAvanA kA vistAra hotA hai / manuSya ke mana meM mAnavIya karuNA kA jAgaraNa ho jAe to anaitikatA kA nirmUlana ho sakatA hai| isake lie kucha vyaktiyoM ne prayAsa kiyA hai, para vaha sImita dAyare meM huA hai / vyApaka stara para koI prayAsa ho to isa dizA meM bahuta acchA kAma ho sakatA hai| manuSya ke mana meM apane AtmIya janoM ke prati sahaja prema hotA hai| jinake prati usakA Antarika sneha hotA hai, unake prati vaha anaitika nahIM bana sakatA / eka vyApArI khAdya-padArthoM meM milAvaTa kara becatA hai / aisA karate samaya usake mana meM jhijhaka bhI nahIM hotI / kintu vahI vyakti apanI patnI aura baccoM ke prati krUra nahIM ho sakatA; kyoMki vahAM prema kA vistAra hai| sImAhIna prema kA vistAra adhyAtma kI sabase bar3I upalabdhi hai / isa upalabdhi ke prati janamAnasa meM AkarSaNa paidA ho sakA to samUha-cetanA ke jAgaraNa meM kaThinAI nahIM hogii| AdhyAtmika upalabdhi ke prati AkarSaNa kaise ho? ___ aNuvrata kA kAryakSetra prArambhika rUpa se vyakti-cetanA taka sImita hai| zAsakIya stara para koI kAma hotA hai, usameM vyakti-cetanA kI jarUrata nahIM hai / sarakAra yadi cAhe ki use bar3e udyogoM kA rASTrIyakaraNa karanA hai to vaha tatkAla kAnUna banA sakatI hai / rASTrIyakaraNa ke anurUpa vAtAvaraNa banAne kI use itanI apekSA nahIM hotii| aNuvrata zakti-prayoga meM vizvAsa nahIM karatA, isalie vaha vAtAvaraNa ko mahattva detA hai / vAtAvaraNa banAne ke lie Avazyaka hai ki vyakti-vyakti meM adhyAtma ke saMskAra diyA jaaeN| kAlasaukarika kasAI magadha kA vizruta vyakti thaa| vaha pratidina saikar3oM bhaiMsoM kI hatyA kiyA karatA thaa| usakA putra thA sulasa / vaha abhayakumAra ke samparka meM Akara pUrNa ahiMsAvAdI bana gyaa| kAlasaukarika kA uttarAdhikArI usakA putra sulasa thaa| uttarAdhikArI pAne ke lie usake sAmane

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164 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja pitA kI paramparA kA anugamana karane kA prazna aayaa| sulasa inakAra ho gyaa| pArivArika logoM ne samajhAyA-jIvana meM phira kabhI hiMsA mata karanA kintu Aja to eka bhaise para talavAra calAnI hogii| sulasa ne talavAra hAtha meM lI aura apane pAMva para usakA prahAra jhelA / darzaka stabdha raha ge| ___ sulasa mAnavIya karuNA kI pratimUrti thA / ahiMsA meM usakI zraddhA thI, isalie vaha prANimAtra ko AtmIyatA kI dRSTi se dekhatA thA / Atma-tulA kI bhAvanA kA vikAsa hone se hI manuSya kI adhyAtma-cetanA jAgRta ho sakatI hai| isake lie aNuvrata ko mAnavIya prANI ke prati prema aura AkarSaNa paidA karanA hogA / isa pRSThabhUmi kA nirmANa hone se hI aNuvrata kA kAma Age bar3ha sakatA hai|

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artha-vyavasthA ke sUtra yadi hama yathArtha meM socate haiM to yaha spaSTa pratIta hotA haiM ki Aja ke manuSya kA dRSkioNa ekamAtra Arthika bana gayA hai / vaha pratyeka bAta Arthika lAbha-alAbha kI dRSTi se socatA hai| isake sivAya cintana kA koI koNa hI nahIM rahA, aisA lagatA hai| eka vyApArI mara gyaa| use dharmarAja ke sAmane upasthita kiyA gyaa| dharmarAja ne pUchA-kahAM jAnA cAhate ho, naraka meM yA svarga meM ? vaha bolA"bhagavAn ! jahAM do paise kI kamAI ho, vahIM bheja deN| mere lie svarga-naraka kA koI pharka nahIM hai|" Aja pratyeka vyakti vyApArI hai| usakA dimAga vyAvasAyika hai, phira cAhe vaha rAjanItika kSetra meM ho, sAmAjika kSetra meM ho yA dhArmika kSetra meM ho / kisako vyApArI kaheM aura kisako na kaheM ? lagatA haiM saMsAra kA pratyeka varga vyApArI hai, Arthika dRSTikoNa se socane vAlA hai| zakya hai lekina karaNIya hai kyA ? __ Aja kI vyavasthA ke do mahattvapUrNa sUtra haiN| eka sUtra hai-~jo zakya hai vaha kAma kara lenA cAhie / aNubama banAnA zakya hai to vaha bhI banA lenA cAhiye / isa prakAra zakyatA ke sAtha karaNIyatA ko jor3akara AdamI ne itanI lambI chalAMga bhara lI hai ki vaha aNu-zastroM taka pahuMca gyaa| yadi yaha maryAdA hotI ki zakya to hai, para vaha karaNIya bhI hai kyA ? zakyatA kA pariNAma kyA hogA? to eka niyantraNa aataa| para vartamAna arthazAstra kA siddhAMta yaha bana gayA hai ki jo zakya hai vaha karaNIya bhI hai / isase sImA kA atikramaNa ho gayA / zakyatA ke sAtha saMyama kI sImA honI caahie| zakya kArya karaNIya hotA hai, para usake sAtha yaha aMkuza ho ki vaha zakya kArya kiyA jAya jisase dUsare kA koI aniSTa na ho| yaha bar3A aMkuza hai / zakya to bahuta kucha ho sakatA hai / pAsa meM kaMkar3a par3e haiN| ghar3e bhI par3e haiN| kaMkar3a pheMkA aura ghar3e ko phor3a DAlA / yaha zakya hai, para karaNIya nahIM hai / sAre zakya kArya karaNIya nahIM hote / zakya honA eka bAta hai aura karaNIya honA dUsarI bAta hai / zakya hone para bhI vahI kAma karaNIya hai jisakA pariNAma acchA hotA hai, jisase dUsare kA aniSTa na ho / jahAM zakya aura karaNIya kA viveka nahIM hotA, vahAM anartha ghaTita hotA hai|

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166 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja isI viveka ke abhAva meM manuSya ne eka aisI saMskRti ko janma de diyA hai jo use hI nigalane ko taiyAra ho rahI hai / aisI saMskRti ko janma denA to zakya thA para karaNIya nahIM thA, kyoMki nigale jAne kA pariNAma aba hameM hI bhugatAna par3a rahA hai / buddhihIna vaijJAnika aura buddhimAn avaijJAnika 1 1 cAra mitra the| tIna buddhihIna vaijJAnika the aura eka buddhimAn avaijJAnika | cAroM ghUmane nikale / eka ghane jaMgala meM gae aura eka saghana vRkSa ke nIce baiTha ge| itane meM eka kI dRSTi vahAM par3I jahAM zera kI asthiyoM kA pUrA DhAMcA par3A thA / zera ko mare kucha samaya bIta gayA thA, kevala usakA kaMkAla raha gayA thA / usane kahA - 'dekho, Aja hamArI vidyA kI parIkSA kA acchA avasara prApta huA hai / hama zera ko jIvita kara sakate haiM / ' eka vaijJAnika mitra bolA, maiM isameM mAMsa kA saMcAra kara sakatA huuN| dUsarA bolA, maiM isameM rakta ko pravAhita kara sakatA hUM aura tIsarA bolA, maiM isameM prANa bhara sakatA hUM, / tInoM ne socA parIkSaNa hogA, kutUhala hogA, camatkAra hogA / cauthA bolA- 'yaha mata kro| aisA karanA khatare se khAlI nahIM hai / zera jIvita hogA aura hameM hI apanA zikAra banAyegA / yaha AtmaghAtI prayatna hai, aisA mata karo' / tInoM eka sAtha bole- 'tuma mUrkha ho, avaijJAnika ho| tuma nahIM jAnate ki sRjana karanA kitanA mahAn kArya hai ! sadA niSedha hI niSedha karate rahate ho / hama mare hue zera ko jindA kara rahe haiM, yaha kama kAma nahIM hai / ' vaha bolA- 'maiM jAnatA hUM ki nirmANa karanA bahuta bar3A kAma hai / para maiM yaha bhI jAnatA hUM ki vaha nirmANa khataranAka hotA hai jo vidhvaMsa ko janma detA hai / isa nirmANa kI pariNati hogI vidhvaMsa / nirmANa sadA acchA hI nahIM hotA aura vidhvaMsa sadA burA hI nahIM hotA / vidhvaMsa bhI acchA ho sakatA hai, aura nirmANa bhI burA ho sakatA hai / ' usane bahuta samajhAyA, para tInoM mitra usakI besamajhI kI majAka karate rhe| tInoM usa zera ke kalevara ke pAsa pahuMce / cauthA avaijJAnika mitra UMce per3a para car3ha gayA / eka ne usameM mAMsa kA aura dUsare ne usameM rakta kA saMcAra kiyaa| tIsare ne jyoMhI usameM prANa kA saMcAra kiyA ki zera jIvita ho uThA aura dahAr3ane lgaa| tInoM apanI saphalatA para prasannatA vyakta kara hI rahe the ki zera ne tInoM kA kAma samApta kara apanI bhUkha zAMta kii| per3a para baiThe avaijJAnika, kintu buddhimAn mitra, apane tInoM sAthiyoM kI mUrkhatA se niSpanna sthiti para ro par3A aura akelA ghara A gayA / sarvabhakSI artha vyavasthA AdamI jAne-anajAne meM aisA nirmANa kara detA hai, aisI saMskRti ko janma de detA hai jo sarvabhakSI bana jAtI hai / Aja usane aisI hI artha-vyavasthA

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artha-vyavasthA ke sUtra 167 ko janma diyA hai jo svayaM usako hI grasane ko taiyAra hai| yadi hama vicAra kareM to pAyeMge ki aNu-zastroM kA nirmANa Arthika sAmrAjya ke vistAra ke lie hI to huA ! prAcIna kAla meM bhUmigata vistAra kI bAta socI jAtI thii| Aja Athika sAmrAjya kI bAta pramukha bana gaI hai| mAna leM eka choTA rASTra hai, lekina thor3I bhUmi aura sImita janasaMkhyA para bhI yadi usakA Arthika sAmrAjya bar3ha jAtA hai to vaha sArI duniyA para apanA sikkA jamA sakatA hai| kaI choTe-choTe rASTra Aja Athika sAmrAjya ke kAraNa bahuta zaktizAlI bana gae haiM / Arthika vyavasthA ke sAtha sArA dRSTikoNa hI badala gayA hai| pahale lar3AiyAM hotI thIM bhUmi ke lie aura Aja saMgharSa cala rahA hai Arthika prabhutva ke lie, Arthika sAmrAjya ko bar3hAne ke lie| Arthika vyavasthA kA dUsarA sUtra Arthika vyavasthA kA dUsarA sUtra hai--AvazyakatA bar3hAeM, kAryakSamatA ko bar3hAeM aura utpAdana ko baDhAeM / isa sUtra ne Arthika sAmrAjya kA vistAra kiyA lekina sAtha hI sAtha manuSya ke lie saMkaTa aura khatare bhI paidA kara die| AvazyakatA bar3hAne kA pahalA artha hai-saMgharSa / kyoMki padArtha sImita haiM, AvazyakatAeM asIma / khAne vAle adhika, khAdya vastue kama ! eka ora kahA jA rahA hai AvazyakatAeM bar3hAo, dUsarI ora kahA jA rahA hai parivAra niyojana kro| kaisA virodhAbhAsa hai ! eka ora AvazyakatA ko bar3hAo aura eka ora AvazyakatA ko ghaTAo / isakA sIdhA-sA artha hai-cetanA ko ghaTAo aura padArtha ko bddh'aao| cetana ghaTe, padArtha bddh'e| sArA dRSTikoNa hI padArthavAdI ho gayA hai| manuSya jo cetanAzIla aura vivekazIla prANI hai usako to kama karanA aura padArtha yA jar3a ko baDhAnA ! yadi AvazyakatA bar3hAne kI bAta nahIM hotI to zAyada dRSTikoNa aisA nahIM bntaa| dUsarI bAta hai-kAryakSamatA baDhAne kii| isameM bhI manuSya kI kAryakSamatA bar3hAne kI bAta kama hai aura yaMtroM kI kArya-kSamatA bar3hAne kI bAta adhika hai| yaMtroM kI kArya-kSamatA baDhe ki kaunasI mila meM kitanA utpAdana ho rahA hai, kaunasI mazIneM jyAdA utpAdana kara rahI haiN| sArA dhyAna yaMtroM kI kAryakSamatA bar3hAne para hai| 'AdamI bhalA kitanA utpAdana kara sakatA hai ! isakA pariNAma hai ki majadUra kama hote jA rahe haiM aura yaMtra unakA sthAna grahaNa kara rahe haiN| bekArI bar3ha rahI hai| isa prakAra yaha phira dUsarA prahAra hai manuSya para, caitanya para, ki jar3a kI kSamatA ko bar3hAo aura manuSya kI kSamatA ko kama karo, manuSya ko kama karo / artha-vyavasthA kI isa avadhAraNA ne manuSya para aura cetanA para sabase adhika prahAra kiyA hai / jisa deza ke kArakhAne adhika utpAdana karate haiM usa

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168 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja deza kA Arthika sAmrAjya vistRta ho jAtA hai / jApAna ne kAroM kA itanA utpAdana kiyA ki saMsAra para prabhutva jamA liyA / aura bhI aneka choTe-choTe rASTroM ne padArthoM kA utpAdana kara aisA jAla phailAyA ki ve sAre saMsAra para chA gae, aura unakA Arthika prabhutva jama gayA / kitanA hI bar3A rASTra kyoM na ho, yadi usameM padArtha - utpAdana kI kSamatA nahIM hai to usakA Arthika sAmrAjya phaila nahIM sakatA aura Aja kI daur3a meM vaha pichar3a jAtA hai, avikasita raha tA hai / vaha vikAsazIla dezoM kI sUcI meM nahIM AtA / 1 Arthika vyavasthA ke ina donoM sUtroM ke AdhAra para hama samasyA para vicAra kareM aura yaha dekheM ki ina donoM ne kisa sthiti kA nirmANa kiyA hai ? jaba yaMtroM kI, jar3a kI kSamatA bar3hatI hai - mUlya bar3hatA hai, cetanA kI kSamatA kama hotI hai, mUlya kama hotA hai, taba zoSaNa ko bala milatA hai / zoSaNa Aja kI Arthika vyavasthA aura rAjanaitika praNAlI kA zabda hai / adhyAtma kI bhASA meM usakA zabda hai " krUratA" / donoM zabda eka hI haiM / zoSaNa nayA zabda hai aura Aja kI artha-vyavasthA ke sAtha jur3A huA hai, Aja kI rAjanaitika krAMti ke sAtha jur3A huA hai / " krUratA" purAnA zabda hai / jaise-jaise krUratA bar3hatI hai zoSaNa ko bala milatA hai / jaise-jaise audyogika vikAsa huA hai zoSaNa bhI bar3hA hai / ATha ghaMTA kAma karane vAlA majadUra becArA AjIvikA nirvAha karane mAtra kA paisA pAtA hai, jabaki oNphisa meM baiThA huA aphasara yA mAlika karor3oM meM khelane laga jAtA hai / itanA antara kyoM ? isalie ki manuSya meM krUratA kI vRtti hai / yaha vRtti kyoM panapatI hai ? yaha panapatI hai inhIM Arthika avadhAraNAoM ke kAraNa / ina avadhAraNAoM ke saMdarbha meM krUratA kA panapanA sahaja hai / kyA zoSaNa miTAyA jA sakatA hai ? kyA krUratA kI vRtti badalI jA sakatI hai ? jisameM krUratA nahIM hotI, vaha zoSaNa nahIM kara sakatA / koI bhI karuNAzIla vyakti zoSaNa nahIM kara sakatA / zoSaNa vahI kara sakatA hai jisameM krUratA hai, dUsare ke prati sahAnubhUti nahIM hai / vaha yahI socatA hai ki dUsarA mare to bhale hI mare, mujhe kyA ? isa krUratA ko janma dene meM artha-vyavasthA kA bahuta bar3A hAtha hai | cetanA ke do AyAma haiM- jJAna aura saMvedana | yaha saMvedana kA jo AyAma hai, vaha samAja vyavasthA ke liye AdhArabhUta sUtra banatA hai / jisa samAja meM saMvedanazIlatA kA dhAgA nahIM hotA, vaha nRzaMsa logoM kA samAja bana jAtA hai / jisa samAja meM yaha sUtra nahIM hotA, vaha hiMsra pazuoM kA samAja bana jAtA | manuSya kA isIlie vikasita, sahayogazIla samAja banA ki isameM saMvedanA hai / isI ke AdhAra para Aja hajAroM-hajAroM AdamI sAtha meM rahate haiM / yadi manuSya meM korI buddhi hotI, korA jJAna hotA aura saMvedanA nahIM hotI to vaha jJAna vidhvaMsakArI hI hotA / jisa vaijJAnika ne aNu-zastroM kA nirmANa kiyA

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artha-vyavasthA ke sUtra 166 usane sabase pahale mAnavIya saMvedana ko kATa kara alaga rakha diyA aura phira astroM kA nirmANa kiyA / yadi usa vaijJAnika meM mAnavajAti ke prati saMvedanA hotI to vaha aisA jaghanya kArya kabhI nahIM karatA / manuSya kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA hai - saMvedanazIlatA / jina-jina meM adhyAtma jAgA hai, unameM saMvedanazIlatA avazya jAgI hai / unameM karuNA kA pravAha phUTA hai aura ve samatA se otaprota hue haiN| vaha vyakti phira kisI kA aniSTa nahIM kara sakatA, dhokhA nahIM de sakatA; kisI kI bhUmi yA sampatti nahIM har3apa sakatA, anaitikatA nahIM kara sakatA Adi Adi / hama saMvedanazIlatA ko jgaaeN| vaha itanI vyApaka bana jAya ki pUrA mAnava samAja hI nahIM, pUrA prANI jagat usameM samA jaae| itanA hone para hI krUratA ghula sakatI hai / anyathA bApa beTe ko aura beTA bApa ko, sAsa bahU ko aura bahU sAsa ko mAra sakatI hai| koI rokane bAlA nahIM hai / jaba saMvedanA ruka jAtI hai taba kauna kisako nahIM mAra sakatA ? saba sabako mAra sakate haiM / saMvedanA ke abhAva meM koI saMbaMdha TikatA hI nahIM / AdamI badale, yaha mUla bAta hai / isakA tAtparya hai ki usameM rahI huI krUratA badale, zoSaNa kI vRtti badale, nayI cetanA kA nirmANa ho / sabase adhika anartha karane vAlI do vRttiyAM haiM- lobha kI vRtti aura icchA kI vRtti / ye janma detI haiM krUratA ko / saMvedanazIlatA se hI ye badala sakatI haiM / dhyAna saMvedanazIlatA ko jagAne kI praNAlI hai| jIvana kI jitanI praNAliyAM haiM-Arthika praNAliyAM aura rAjanaitika praNAliyAM --- ina sabake doSoM kA parimArjana karane vAlI praNAlI hai-- dhyAna kI praNAlI / dhyAna kA mUla prayojana hai-- cetanA kA rUpAntaraNa, vRttiyoM kA parikAra / inameM pahalA pariSkAra hai-lobha kA aura svArtha kA /

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arthataMtra aura naitikatA vyakti ko Arthika dRSTi se nizcinta banAnA aura surakSA denA unnata samAja-vyavasthA kA pratIka hai| jisa samAja ke vyakti nizcinta aura surakSita hote haiM, vaha bahumukhI vikAsa kara sakatA hai; anyathA vyakti kI pratibhA aura kAryakSamatA udarapUrti jaise sAmAnya kArya meM kSINa ho jAtI hai / jisa rASTra ke nAgarika bhojana, AvAsa, cikitsA aura zikSA kI ucita suvidhA prApta kara lete haiM, vaha rASTra adhyAtma aura vijJAna kI nayI zodha ke kSetra meM gatizIla ho sakatA hai| vyakti kI cintA aura AzaMkA ke mUlabhUta bindu haiM -- jIvikA, bImArI bur3hApA Adi / jIvikA manuSya jIvana kI sabase bar3I samasyA hai| bImArI ora vRddhAvasthA vyakti ko nirIha banA detI hai / usa samaya use kisI Alambana kI apekSA anubhava hotI hai / ina saba sthitiyoM ke samAdhAna kI bahuta sArI jimmedAriyAM sarakAra ke hAtha meM haiM / surakSA kI vyavasthA bhI sarakArI vyavasthAoM ne anubaMdhita hai / vyavasAya ke kSetra meM bhI vyakti kitanA naitika rahatA hai, yaha prazna bhI vyAvasAyika paristhitiyoM aura kAnUnoM para nirbhara hai / koI bhI AcAra-paramparA, cAhe vaha aNuvrata kI ho athavA dUsarI, sattAtmaka yA adhikArAtmaka yojanA nahIM de sakatI / usake pAsa hotI hai naitika bane rahane kI manobhUmikA ke nirmANa kI yojanA / isa yojanA meM saba prakAra ke bhaya aura AzaMkAoM ko jhelane tathA unakA pAra pAne kI kalpanA hai aura hai yathArtha se jUjhane kI kSamatA / vyakti ke sAmane jitanI samasyAeM AtI haiM, unakA antima samAdhAna svayaM usI ke pAsa hotA hai / bAhara ke sAre samAdhAna athArtha aura adhUre hote haiN| isa prakAra kI manobhUmikA kA nirmANa hone ke bAda vyakti eka sImA taka nizcinta aura surakSita ho jAtA hai / eka yojanA aNuvrata ke maMca se banI thI, jisakI kriyAnviti abhI taka nahIM ho pAyI hai / isake anusAra aNuvrata meM AsthA rakhane vAle vyaktiyoM kA eka apanA samAja ho / saMgaThita samAja racanA samasyA kA sIdhA samAdhAna hai / yadyapi sArI samasyAeM antima rUpa se samAhita ho jAeM, yaha rAstA bahuta lambA hai / phira bhI prArambhika rUpa se yaha eka acchI prakriyA ho sakatI hai / akelA vyakti kisI bhI samasyA kA sAmanA karatA hai, yaha bahuta kaThina paristhiti hai / samAja meM zakti hotI hai aura vaha kisI bhI naye vAtAvaraNa kA nirmANa AsAnI

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arthataMtra aura naitikatA 201 se karA sakatA hai / sAmAjika saMgaThana se mukAbale kI kSamatA bar3hatI hai aura eka sImA taka suvidhA bhI rahatI hai / aNuvrata saMvAhaka kI eka yojanA aura thI jo aNuvrata samAja-racanA kI puSTi ke lie hI thI / isakA sambandha una kAryakartAoM se hai jo apanA jIvana naitika Andolana ko gatizIlatA banAye rakhane meM lagAne ke lie tatpara hoM / ve apane pArivArika dAyitva se mukta rahakara kAma kareM aura unakI samasyA kA hala samAja kare / isa prakAra kI aura bhI dUsarI yojanAeM aNuvrata ke maMca se prastuta kI jA sakatI haiM, para unakI kriyAnviti meM samAja ke paryApta sahayoga kI apekSA ko nakArA nahIM jA sakatA / naitika mUlyoM ko pratiSThita karane kA prayatna aMdhakAra meM hI prakAza kI apekSA hotI hai / sahasrAMzu sUrya teja se dIpta rahe aura koI vyakti vidyut ke prakAza kA upayoga kare, yaha usakI samajhadArI nahIM ho sakatI / pyAsa hI na ho to pAnI kA kyA upayoga hai ? arthazAstra meM upayogitA ke niyama ko spaSTa karate hue samajhAyA gayA hai ki eka pyAsA vyakti cAra gilAsa pAnI pI letA hai| ina cAroM gilAsoM meM pahale gilAsa kA jo mUlya hai, vaha zeSa tIna kA nahIM hai, kyoMki eka gilAsa pAnI pIne ke bAda pyAsa utanI tIvra nahIM rahatI / tIvratA ke abhAva meM uttarottara hara gilAsa kI upayogitA kama ho jAtI hai aura eka samaya aisA bhI AtA hai jaba pAnI se bharA huA gilAsa bhI akiMcitkara ho jAtA hai / naitikatA ke bAre meM isI upayogitAvAda kI dRSTi se ciMtana karanA jarUrI hai / jisa samaya svArthI manobhAva adhika prabala ho, paraspara saMgharSa kI vikaTa sthiti nirmita ho, usa samaya naitika mUlyoM kA prasAra jitanA upayogI hai, sAmAnya sthiti meM vaha usa rUpa meM upayogI nahIM hotaa| kyoMki jisa samaya mAnavIya cetanA naitikatA se saMvalita ho, use naitika banAne kA upadeza akicitkara hai / svArtha aura saMgharSa manuSya kI maulika vRttiyAM haiN| ye vRttiyAM adhika tIvra hoMgI to naitikatA kI apekSA bhI utanI hI tIvratA se hogI / pratipakSa ke binA kisI bhI sthiti kA atirikta mUlya nahIM ho sakatA / pichale dazakoM meM anaitikatA kA prazna tIvra nahIM hotA to aNuvrata Andolana kA adhika mUlya nahIM ho sakatA thA / hama kisI Andolana kA saMcAlana kara rahe haiM, aisA socakara apanA manastoSa avazya kiyA jA sakatA thA, para vaha yugIna AvazyakatA ke rUpa meM ubharakara sAmane nahIM A sakatA thA / isalie hameM isa bAta para kabhI nahIM aTakanA cAhie ki svArtha aura saMgharSa ke vAtAvaraNa meM naitikatA kI bAta kauna sunegA ?

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ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja vyakti ke mUlabhUta adhikAroM ke sambandha meM kahIM koI vizeSa vipratipatti nahIM hai / jIvana kA adhikAra manuSya ke astitva se sambandhita hai | jaba use jIne kA adhikAra milA hai to svAsthya aura svataMtratA kA adhikAra bhI usake lie jarUrI hai / ina adhikAroM ke sAtha maiM naitikatA kA prazna jor3anA nahIM cAhatA kyoMki ye mAnavIya adhikAra haiN| adhikAra prApta karake bhI usakA durupayoga na karanA naitikatA kI paridhi meM avazya A jAtA hai / ciMtana aura lekhana kI svataMtratA jahAM na ho, vahAM vyakti apane maulika adhikAroM kA upayoga hI kaise kara sakatA hai ? sAmyavAdI vyavasthA meM pahale saMpatti kA adhikAra vyakti ko nahIM thA / para aba eka sImA taka yaha adhikAra bhI diyA jA rahA hai / adhikAroM kI yaha sArI carcA vyakti aura samAja ke samanvita mUlya ko svIkAra karane se hI pUrI ho sakatI hai / kevala samAja yA kevala vyakti ko adhikAra milane se saMgharSa kI sthiti adhika jaTila ho sakatI hai| maiM vyakti aura samAja donoM ko sApekSa mUlya detA huuN| jahAM saMgaThanAtmaka zakti kA prazna hai, vahAM samAja mukhya hai / samAja kA ghaTaka vyakti hai / isa dRSTi se vyakti pradhAna hai / vyakti kA zakti srota samAja hai aura zakti kA udgama sthala vyakti hai / isa prakAra donoM kA svatantra kiMtu sApekSa mUlya hai / 202 eka gyAraha (11) kA aMka hai aura eka eka (1) kA aMka hai / gyAraha kA apanA mUlya hai aura eka apanA eka dUsare se nirapekSa inakA vizeSa mUlya nahIM hotA / isI gANitika niyama ko maiM vyakti aura samAja para lAgU karatA huuN| jahAM hameM vyakti ko mUlya denA ho vahAM samAja ke madhya komA, ardhavirAma Adi lagAkara eka meM aneka kA astitva sthApita kiyA jA sakatA hai / jahAM samUha-cetanA ko vikasita karane kI apekSA ho, vahAM sAre ardhavirAmoM ko haTAkara eka saMhati banA dI jAtI hai / naitikatA kI dRSTi se vyakti aura samAja kA mUlyAMkana kiyA jAe to ari of adhika mUlyavAna ho jAtA hai / kyoMki naitikatA ko panapAne vAlA vyakti hI hotA hai / vyakti udAtta hai to samAja kI paristhitiyAM bhI udAtta ho jAeMgI aura samAja kI paristhitiyAM udAtta haiM to vyakti ko naitika bane rahane suvidhA milatI hai| dUsarI ora vyakti jina bIjoM ko panapAnA cAhatA hai unakA AdhAra samAja banatA hai / isa rUpaka ko isa prakAra bhI mAnA jA pakatA hai ki samAja bhUmi hai aura vyakti bIja hai / donoM ke samucita yoga se hI naitikatA kI paudha harI-bharI raha sakatI hai /

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vyavasAya-tantra aura satya-sAdhanA satya-sAdhanA ke mArga meM kaThinAiyAM nizcita haiM kyoMki hara vyakti vAtAvaraNa aura paristhitiyoM se prabhAvita hai / vAtAvaraNa svastha hotA hai, paristhitiyAM anukUla hotI haiM aura vyakti kA mana samAhita hotA hai, vahAM satya kI sAdhanA jIvana kA svAbhAvika krama bana jAtI hai| vAtAvaraNa aura paristhiti ko chor3akara vyakti ke AcAra-vyavahAra kI koI vyAkhyA nahIM ho sakatI / vyavasAya-tantra kI anaitikatA se mAnavIya saMskAra aprabhAvita nahIM hai, isameM kAphI hada taka sacAI hai| yaha eka manovaijJAnika tathya bhI hai ki vyakti kI manaHsthiti bAhya paristhitiyoM ke AdhAra para badalatI rahatI hai| manuSya ke jIvana meM lAbha-alAbha, sukha-du:kha, sammAna-apamAna Adi aise dvandva haiM, jo usako pratAr3ita karate rahate haiM aura sAmAnyata: inake AdhAra para hI usakA AcaraNa hotA hai| vaiyaktika kaThinAiyoM kA saMtrAsa manuSya kI vyathA kA hetu hai hI, vyApAra-kSetra meM sAmUhika kaThinAiyAM bhI haiN| artha vyakti ke bar3appana kA mAnadaNDa bana rahA hai isIlie sAmAnya vyakti jaise-taise artha kA utpAdana aura saMgraha karane meM laga jAtA hai| vyavasAya-tantra meM parivyApta anaitikatA artha ko anAvazyaka mahattva milane kA pariNAma hai| jaba taka samAja meM artha kA atirikta mUlya hai, vyavasAya tantra meM anaitikatA kA prazna asvAbhAvika nahIM hai kintu dharma kI dizA ise sarvathA svIkAra nahIM kregii| isake anusAra vyakti paristhiti aura dvandvoM para vijaya prApta kara sakatA hai| jana-pravAha se viparIta dizA meM gati karane ke lie hI dharma kA svataMtra astitva hai / yaha vrata naitikatA yA dharma kI bhUmikA para hI phalita ho sakatA hai| manuSya satya kI sAdhanA apane lie kre| jisa vyakti ko isameM apane hita kA AbhAsa ho jAtA hai vaha kisI bhI sthiti meM vyavasAya-tantra kI anaitikatA se prabhAvita nahIM hotaa| prazna naitikatA aura anaitikatA kA nahIM, manuSya kI mUlabhUta AvazyakatAoM kA hai / yadi manuSya kI apekSAeM anaitika bane binA hI pUrI hotI hoM to vaha anaitika kyoM bane ? usakI pravRtti AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti ke lie hotI hai| samAja aisI vyavasthAoM kA nirmANa kara sake, jinameM manuSya naitika rahatA huA apanI apekSAeM pUrI kara letA ho to anaitikatA ke lie koI avasara hI nahIM aaegaa| sacamuca vyavasthA kA yoga hone para bhI manuSya apanI bar3hatI huI AkAMkSA kI preraNA se anaitika banatA hai| isakA samAdhAna dharma ke

Page #215
ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja pAsa hai / samAja athavA sarakAra vyavasthA meM parivartana kara sakatI hai kintu vyaktigata mahattvAkAMkSA ko niyaMtrita karane kI kSamatA usameM nahIM hai / kAnUna athavA sAmAjika vaiSamya ke kAraNa vyakti ko anaitika banane kA avasara na mile, vyavasthA kA kAma itanA hI | bAhya paristhitiyAM anukUla hone para bhI naitikatA ko puSTa karane ke lie AkAMkSA kA saMyama Avazyaka hai / vaha ekamAtra dharma se hI saMbhava hai / satya aura vyavahAra 204 meM samanvaya sthApita ho rAjanIti aura samAjanIti satya aura vyavahAra ke vighaTana ko svIkAra kara sakatI hai kintu dharma-nIti kI maryAdA meM vaha mAnya nahIM hai / satyaniSTha vyAvahArika raha sakatA hai, kintu vyavahAra ke lie vaha satya kI hatyA nahIM kara sakatA / vyavahAra kI oTa meM vaha kisI ko dhokhA nahIM de sakatA / pravaMcanApUrNa vyavahAra vyakti ke Adarza kI hatyA hai| isase vyakti svayaM dhokhe meM rahatA hai aura dUsaroM ko dhokhe meM rakhatA hai / aNuvrata manuSya ko pravacanApUrNa vyavahAra se Upara uThakara satya ke anugAmI vyavahAra ko sAdhane kA mArgadarzana detA hai / prAmANika kahanA saMbhava hai ? manuSya ke lie asambhava kyA hai ? vaha saba kucha kara sakatA hai kintu karatA tabhI hai jaba usakA aMtaHkaraNa vaisA karane ke lie taiyAra ho / vyavasAya meM prAmANika rahane ke lie vyakti ko saMgraha kI bhAvanA kA visarjana karanA hotA hai / vyaktigata svArthoM se Upara uThakara mAnavIya dRSTikoNa se socatA hai aura apanI vastu kA bhoga maiM hI karUM, ina vicAroM meM saMzodhana kara letA hai / itanA hone ke bAda artha ke prati paidA hone vAlA AkarSaNa kama ho jAtA hai| aura AkarSaNa kama hone se anaitika pravRttiyoM kA bahiSkAra sahaja vana jAtA hai / isa yuga meM bhI aneka aNuvratI bhAiyoM ke jIvana-prasaMga mujhe jJAta haiM / unhoMne kaThinAiyAM jhelakara bhI aNuvrata ke Adarzo para calane kA prayAsa kiyA aura vyavasAya kSetra meM nayA kIrtimAn sthApita kiyA / suganacandajI AMcaliyA kA jIvana aNuvrata ke AdarzoM ke anukUla aura vyavasAya buddhi kA eka jvalaMta udAharaNa thA / unhoMne apanA anubhava sunAte hue kahA- 'aNuvratI hone ke bAda maiMne apane pArivArika janoM se apane pharma meM leka na karane ke lie vinamra anurodha kiyA aura blaika hone kI sthiti meM sammilita raha sakane meM asamarthatA prakaTa kI / mere bar3e bhAI zrI rAmakumAra AMcaliyA ne kahA- 'tumhAre mana meM yadi dhana kI lAlasA nahIM hai to hameM dhana ko sAtha lekara thor3e hI jAnA hai / hama blaika kisalie kareMge ?'

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vyavasAya - tantra aura satya - sAdhanA 205 eka anya prasaMga meM unhoMne batAyA - 'plAsTika cUrNa kA eka bar3A koTA mujhe eka anya vyavasAyI ke sAtha milA huA thaa| blaika kI dara se lagabhaga tIna lAkha rupaye kA lAbha mere hisse meM AtA thA, para blaika karanA mujhe mAnya nahIM thA, ata: usa vyavasAya se hI maiMne apanA sambandha tor3a liyA / corabAjArI na karane ke lie aura bhI aneka prakAra ke dhandhe mujhe chor3a dene par3e / ' eka anya bhAI ne apanA jIvana-prasaMga sunAte hue kahA - 'kalakattA meM hamArA auSadhi nirmANa kA vyavasAya hai / eka bAra dasa hajAra rupayoM kA pIparameMTa hamAre yahAM kharIdA gayA / dene vAle ne zorA milAyA huA pIparameMTa hameM de diyA, vaha kisI bhI upayoga kA nahIM thA / cAhate to hama bhI use kisI prakAra pAra kara sakate the kintu aNuvratI hone ke nAte hamane aisA nahIM kiyA aura dasa hajAra kA sArA mAla gaMgA meM bahA diyA / ' aise aneka prasaMga haiM, jisameM aNuvratI bhAiyoM ne svArtha aura suvidhAvAda se Upara uThakara aNuvrata ke AdarzoM ko ujAgara kiyA hai| kucha bhAiyoM ko apane AdarzoM aura vyavahAroM meM samanvaya sthApita karane ke lie aneka kaThinAtri jhelanI par3I haiN| kaThinAiyoM ke bAvajUda unheM AtmatoSa milA aura naitika jIvana ke prati unakI AsthA prabala huI / isalie merA yaha abhimata hai ki manuSya kisI bhI sthiti meM prAmANikatA rakha sakatA hai, yadi prAmANikatA kI sukhada niSpattiyoM meM usakI dRDha AsthA hai aura prayoga kalA meM samAgata kaThinAiyoM se jUjhane kI kSamatA hai / sAdhanA kI lambI prakriyA se manuSya sahaja prAmANikatA kA jIvana jI sakatA hai, para yaha prakriyA kitanI vyApaka banatI hai aura usakA prabhAva tAtkAlika hotA hai yA dUragAmI ? - ye praznacihna abhI taka bhaviSya ke garbha meM sannihita haiM /

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saMgraha kI pariNati : saMgharSa ekatA aura sahaastitva----ye donoM manuSya jAti ke svAbhAvika guNa haiM, kintu paristhiti aura vAtAvaraNa kI bhinnatA meM inakI vismRti ho jAtI hai / yaha vismRti asvAbhAvika nahIM hai, kyoMki paristhitiyAM aura saMdarbha svabhAva para bhI AvaraNa DAla dete haiN| manuSya sAmAjika, rAjanaitika aura Arthika saMdarbho meM jItA hai, unake paripAvaM meM hone vAlI pravRttiyAM svAbhAvika guNoM para hAvI ho jAtI haiM, manuSya kisI bhI paristhiti meM rahe, mAnavIya ekatA aura sahaastitva usake lie maulika tathya haiN| vartamAna paristhiti meM aura kAla ke hara caraNa meM inakI smRti karAnA dharma yA adhyAtma kA kAma hai / isa smRti kI upayogitA hara yuga meM hai / cAhe vaha yuga zAnti kA ho yA yuddha kaa| yuddha kI paristhitiyoM meM vaha aura adhika Avazyaka hai / aNuvrata apane dAyitva ke prati jAgarUka hai / vaha mAnavIya ekatA aura sahaastitva ke mUlyoM kI vismRti donoM ke lie prayatnazIla hai; kyoMki yaha vismRti vizva-zAMti meM bahuta bar3I bAdhA hai| svabhAva kI vismRti hI dvandva kA mukhya kAraNa ___ manuSya jIvana yA jIvana kI uccatA ke lie saMgraha karatA hai / jahAM saMgraha hai vahAM dvaita hai| jahAM dvaita hai, vahAM saMgharSa hai / saMgraha manuSya kI ekatA ko khaNDita karatA hai aura sahaastitva meM bhI darAra DAlatA hai / saMgharSa saMgraha kI anivArya pariNati hai| aisA kabhI nahIM ho sakatA ki saMgraha ho aura saMgharSa na ho| nami rAjA dAha-jvara se pIr3ita the| rAjya ke sarvocca vaidyoM ne upacAra kiyA para rAjA kI pIr3A kama nahIM huii| dAha-jvara kA prabhAva kSINa karane ke lie candana kA lepa karane kA sujhAva diyA gyaa| rAniyAM candana ghisane lgiiN| unake hAthoM meM cUr3iyAM khanakhanA uThIM / cUr3iyoM kI khanakhanAhaTa rAjA ke lie asahya ho gyii| rAniyoM ko sthiti kI avagati milii| unhoMne apane hAthoM meM eka-eka cUr3I chor3akara bAkI saba cUr3iyAM utAra dii| khanakhanAhaTa banda ho gyii| rAjA ne pUchA-'candana ghisanA banda kara diyA hai kyA ?' paricArakoM ne batAyA, 'rAjan ! candana aba bhI ghisA jA rahA hai|' 'cUr3iyoM ke zabda kahAM kho gaye ?' rAjA ne pUchA / rAjA ke isa prazna kA uttara dete hue paricAraka bole-rAjan ! jina cUr3iyoM ne ApakI

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saMgraha kI pariNati : saMgharSa 507 zAnti bhaMga kI, unheM utAra diyA gayA hai / aba rAniyoM ke hAthoM meM eka-eka cUr3I hai|' __ rAjA ke cintana meM nayA tathya ubharA / ekatva aura bahutva kI niSpatti para jAkara vaha Thahara gyaa| rAjA ne socA, saMgraha hone kA pariNAma saMgharSa hai| asaMgraha meM saMgharSa nahIM hotaa| rAjA kA mana Azvasta ho gyaa| ekatva kI anubhUti ne zarIra ke dAha kA anta kara diyA / zarIra ke sAtha mana ko bhI samAdhAna mila gyaa| saMgharSa jIvana kI anivAryatA hai anivAryatA jIvana kI bahatI dhArA hai / bahAva saMgraha nahIM hai, saMgraha hai usa bahAva ko jamAkara rkhnaa| padArtha ko jamAkara rakhane kA bhAva paidA hote hI mAnasika saMgharSa kI sthiti paidA ho jAtI hai| isa saMgharSa ko vahI TAla sakatA hai, jo vartamAna meM jIne kI kalA jAnatA hai| cintana kI gaharAiyoM se DUbe hue eka seTha ne gaMbhIra mudrA meM ghara meM praveza kiyaa| isase pahale usakI patnI use kaI bAra ghara bulAne kA prayAsa kara cukI thii| para vaha apane kAma meM vyasta rahA / patnI ne vilamba kA kAraNa pUchA / usane kahA---'Aja maiM apanI sAta pIr3hiyoM kI vyavasthA karane meM laga gayA thA, isalie samaya para nahIM A skaa|' patnI samajhadAra thii| sAta pIr3hiyoM kI cintA use bar3I aTapaTI lgii| kucha samaya bAda usane apane pati se kahA-'apane ghara ke bAhara kuTiyA meM eka bhikSu rahatA hai| Apa use khAnA de aaeN|' pati ne AnAkAnI kI, kintu patnI ke Agraha ko vaha TAla nahIM skaa| eka pAtra meM kucha roTiyAM lekara vaha bhikSa ke pAsa pahuMcA aura roTiyAM usakI ora bar3hA diiN| bhikSu nizcita bhAva se baiThA thaa| usane kahA-'maiMne bhojana kara liyA hai|' __ seTha bolA-'saMdhyA kA bhojana ina roTiyoM se ho jaaegaa| bhikSuka ne musakarAte hue kahA-'zAma ke bhojana kI cintA abhI kyoM karUM ?' bhikSu ke eka vAkya ne seTha ke cintana ko mor3a de diyaa| vaha socane lagA-'kitanA vicitra hai yaha vyakti jo sAMjha ke khAne kI cintA bhI nahIM karatA aura maiM sAta pIr3hiyoM kI vyavasthA kara rahA huuN|' use apane para haMsI Ane lgii| saMgraha vahI vyakti karatA hai jo bhaviSya ke lie ciMtita rahatA hai| vartamAna meM jIne vAlA saMgraha kI kalpanA hI nahIM kara sktaa| aisA vyakti jIvana-mukta hotA hai / jIvana-mukta kA lakSaNa hai-atIta ke ciMtana se uparata maviSya kI AkAMkSAoM se mukta aura vartamAna kA anAsakta bhAva se upayoga krnaa|

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208 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja atItAnanusaMdhAnaM bhaviSyadavicAraNam / / audAsInyamapi prApte, jIvanamuktasya lakSaNam // saMgraha mAnavIya ekatA aura sahaastitva kI cetanA para pahalA AvaraNa hai / isa AvaraNa ko utAre binA saMgharSa se bacAva saMbhava nahIM lgtaa| yuddha kA sthAyI samAdhAna kyA yuddha do pakSoM meM hotA hai / eka pakSa AkrAntA hotA hai aura dUsare pakSa ko apanI surakSA ke lie yuddha lar3anA par3atA hai| mAnavIya ekatA kA vighaTana, svatantratA kA hanana, sattA, artha evaM bhUmi kA kendrIkaraNa tathA aise hI kucha anya kAraNoM se yuddha kI paristhiti paidA hotI hai| AdarzoM ke lie bhI lar3AiyAM hotI haiM / bhArata-pAka saMgharSa ke daurAna zrImatI indirA gAMdhI ne kahA-'hama lar3AI nahIM cAhate, apane siddhAntoM aura AdarzoM kI rakSA cAhate haiM / siddhAMtoM kI rakSA ke lie hameM majabUrana lar3anA par3a rahA hai|' zrImatI indirA gAMdhI ne jaisA kahA thA, vaisA pramANita bhI kara diyaa| majabUrI miTate hI unhoMne yuddha virAma kI ghoSaNA kara dii| isa ghoSaNA para pAkistAna kI sahamati milI aura yuddha samApta ho gyaa| yuddha ke isa sAmayika samAdhAna ko sthAyI rUpa tabhI mila sakatA hai jaba sattA, pUMjI aura bhUmi kA vikendrIkaraNa ho, mAnavIya ekatA aura sahaastitva kI nIti kA parisphuraNa ho tathA kisI bhI deza kI svatantratA aura akhaNDatA meM hastakSepa na kiyA jAe / aNuvrata kI bhAvanA vizva-zAnti kI dizA meM Thosa kArya hai / isake dvArA rAjanIti, arthanIti aura samAjanIti meM pariSkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai / jo vyakti aNuvrata kI bhAvanA taka pahuMce haiM, unakI daSTi meM aNuvrata ke phalita haiM 0 mAnavIya ekatA kA vikAsa 0 sahaastitva kI bhAvanA kA vikAsa 0 vyavahAra meM prAmANikatA kA vikAsa 0 AtmanirIkSaNa kI paddhati kA vikAsa 0 samAja meM sahI mAnadaNDoM kA vikAsa

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samasyA kA mUla : parigraha cetanA hama eka sAtha adhika kSaNoM ko kabhI bhI nahIM jI sakate / hamArA Aja kA dina aura usakA vartamAna kSaNa ThIka se jIyA jA rahA hai to kala kA praveza nizcita rUpa se zubha hogA / praveza karane ke bAda kala Aja bana jAegA aura Ana vAle kala ko saMvArane kA AdhAra banegA / Aja manuSya kI AMkhoM meM kampyUTara yuga aura roboTa yuga ke sapane haiM / ina sapanoM ko sAkAra karane kI kalpanA isa yuga kI yuvA pIr3hI ke mana meM gudagudI paidA kara rahI hai / kampyUTara yuga ke sAtha hI antarikSa yuga kI saMbhAvanA ko bhI kAphI puSTa kiyA jA rahA hai / Upara-Upara se dekhA jAe to aisA pratIta hotA hai ki mAno 21 vIM sadI kA AdamI bahuta hI sAdhana-sampanna aura Ananda sampanna ho jAegA / kintu isake pIche use kitanI trAsadI bhoganI hogI, koI nahIM batA sakatA / khaira, kAla kI gati ko rokanA saMbhava nahIM hai, para kyA use badalanA bhI saMbhava nahIM hai ? kAla manuSya ko badalane ke lie vivaza kare to kyA manuSya itanA sattvahIna hai ki vaha kAla ke pravAha ko na badala sake / isa kAla kA niyantA bhI manuSya hai| yadi vaha isa yuga kI burAiyoM ko sAtha lekara agalI sadI meM praveza karegA to usakA bhaviSya kabhI zubha nahIM hogA / vartamAna yuga meM mukhya rUpa se do burAiyAM haiM- aNu astra aura AtaMkavAda / ina donoM ke mUla meM jo kAraNa hai, vaha hai parigraha - cetanA kI sakriyatA / niSkarSa rUpa meM socA jAe to saba samasyAoM kA mUla hai 'parigraha' / parigraha ke abhAva meM na AtaMkavAda bacegA aura na hI aNu astroM ke nirmANa kA sapanA AegA / isalie nayI sadI meM praveza karane se pahale parigraha kI samasyA kA samAdhAna khojanA hai-- artha -zuddhi ke sAdhanoM evaM visarjana ke siddhAMta para dhyAna denA hai / aisA karane vAlA vyakti hI yugIna burAiyoM kI giraphta se mukta hokara Age bar3ha sakegA /

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parigraha kA mUla manuSya meM jijIviSA hai-jIne kI icchA hai aura usameM kAmanA hai / ina donoM kI pUrti ke lie vastueM Avazyaka hotI haiN| Age calakara AvazyakatA svayaM kAmanA bana jAtI hai / kAmanA meM vilIna ho jAtI hai / isa pRSThabhUmi para parigraha yA saMgraha kA janma hotA hai| saMgraha yA parigraha hiMsA se bhinna nahIM hai| jahAM saMgraha hai, vahAM nizcita hiMsA hai| jahAM parigraha hai, vahAM nizcita hiMsA hai| parigraha hiMsA kA hI eka rUpa hai, kintu itanA bar3A rUpa hai ki usakA astitva bahuta zaktizAlI ho gayA hai| isIlie hiMsA aura parigraha eka yugala banA huA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA hai-jo vyakti hiMsA aura parigraha ko nahIM chor3atA vaha dharma nahIM suna pAtA, samyagdRSTi nahIM hotA aura dharma kA AcaraNa nahIM kara paataa| isa siddhAMta meM bahuta sacAI hai| parigraha kA Azaya samajhane para vaha svayaM prakaTa ho jAtI hai| parigraha kA mUla kahAM hai ? yaha khoja lambe samaya taka calatI rahatI hai| bhinna-bhinna tattvavettAoM ne bhinna-bhinna vicAra prakaTa kie haiM / bhagavAna mahAvIra kA vicAra hai ki parigraha kA mUla mUrchA hai, Asakti hai| vastu parigraha ho sakatI hai kintu vaha parigraha kA mUla nahIM hai| vaha mUrchA se jur3akara hI parigraha banatI hai| mUrchA apane-Apa meM parigraha hai cAhe vastu ho yA na ho / vastu apane-Apa meM parigraha nahIM hai| vaha mUrchA dvArA saMgRhIta hokara parigraha banatI hai / mUrchA ke hone para saMgRhIta vastu bhI parigraha banatI hai isalie parigraha ke do AkAra bana jAte haiM-bhItarI aura baahrii| mUrchA bhItarI parigraha hai aura mUrchA dvArA saMgrahIta vastu bAharI parigraha hai| sAdhAraNatayA parigraha chor3ane meM vastu chor3ane ko prAthamikatA dI jAtI hai jabaki prAthamikatA dI jAnI cAhie mUrchA chor3ane ko| vastu chUTatI hai aura mUrchA nahIM chUTatI hai, korA bAharI AkAra kama hotA hai / mUrchA chUTatI hai aura bAharI vastu nahIM chuTatI, phira bhI parigraha chUTa jAtA hai |sccaaii yaha hai ki mUrchA ke chUTane para vastu kA saMgraha ho hI nahIM sktaa| jIvana valAne bhara kucha liyA jA sakatA hai kintu saMgraha yA saMcaya jaisI vRtti ko ubharane kA avakAza hI nahIM mila pAtA / kaThinAI vaha hai ki bahuta sAre loga mUla roga kI cikitsA nahIM karate / cikitsA karate haiM usake pariNAma kI / vastu-saMgraha kI cikitsA mUla roga kI cikitsA nahIM hai / yaha bahuta sthUla

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parigraha kA mUla 211 bAta hai aura samAjavAda isa sthUla bAta ko hI mahattva de rahA hai| dharma ke lie yaha anAdRta nahIM hai kintu paryApta bhI nahIM hai isalie vaha mUrchA roga kI cikitsA para adhika bala detA hai| Asakti kI graMthi ko kholane kA adhika prayatna karatA hai| usake khula jAne para saMgraha kA ilAja apane Apa ho jAtA hai|

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dharma se AjIvikA : icchA-parimANa bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA-'icchA AkAza ke samAna ananta hai|' yaha dhArmika dRSTi se jitanA satya hai utanA hI arthazAstrIya dRSTi se satya hai| arthazAstra ke anusAra mAMga se AvazyakatA kA kSetra bar3A hotA hai| icchA kA kSetra usase bhI bar3A hotA hai| sabhI icchAeM AvazyakatAeM nahIM ho sakatIM, jaba ki sabhI AvazyakatAeM icchAeM avazya hotI haiN| icchA se AvazyakatA kA kSetra saMkucita aura mAMga kA kSetra usase bhI saMkucita hotA hai| mAMga AvazyakatAeM icchA icchA naisargika hotI hai / AvazyakatAeM bhaugolika paristhiti, sAmAjika rIti-rivAja, zArIrika apekSA, Arthika paristhiti aura dhArmika bhAvanA ke dvArA nirdhArita hotI haiN| __ve eka-dUsare ko prabhAvita bhI karate haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahAicchAoM ko saMtoSa se jiito|' agni meM iMdhana DAlakara use bujhAyA nahIM jA sakatA, vaise hI icchA kI pUrti ke dvArA icchAoM ko saMtuSTa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / AvazyakatAoM kI vRddhi, vastuoM kI vRddhi utpAdana aura zrama kI vRddhi meM yoga detI hai| kintu sukha aura zAnti meM yoga detI hai...yaha mAnyatA bhrAntipUrNa hai| AvazyakatAoM kI vRddhi se jIvana kA stara unnata hotA hai, kintu sukha aura zAnti kA stara unnata hotA hai-yaha nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| dhArmika manuSya bhI sAmAjika prANI hotA hai| sAmAjika hone ke kAraNa yaha anivAryatA aura suvidhA kI koTi kI AvazyakatAoM ko nahIM chor3a pAtA / maTAvIra ne gaTastha ko unake tyAga kA nirdeza nahIM diyA / vilAsitA

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dharma se AjIvikA : icchA-parimANa koTi kI AvazyakatAeM dhArmika ko chor3anI cAhie- isa AdhAra para 'icchAparimANa' kI sImA-rekhA khIMcI jA sakatI hai| anivAryatA aura suvidhA koTi kI AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti karate hue vilAsitA koTi kI AvazyakatAoM aura icchAoM kA saMyama karanA Avazyaka hai| isameM Arthika vikAsa aura unnata jIvana-stara kI saMbhAvanAoM kA dvAra banda bhI nahIM hai tathA vilAsitA ke AdhAra para hone vAlI Arthika pragati aura unnata jIvana-stara kA dvAra khulA bhI nahIM hai| arthazAstra ke anusAra anivAryatA, suvidhA aura vilAsitA kI sImA isa prakAra hai- 'sukha-duHkha ke AdhAra ke anusAra AvazyakatAoM kA vargIkaraNa isa bAta se nirdhArita hotA hai ki kisI vastu ke upabhoga se upabhoktA ko sukha milatA hai yA upabhoga na karane se use duHkha hotA hai| yadi kisI vastu ke upabhoga se manuSya ko thor3A-sA sukha milatA hai aura upabhoga na karane se bahuta duHkha kA anubhava hotA hai taba aisI vastu ko hama anivAryatA kheNge| yadi kisI vastu ke upabhoga se manuSya ko anivAryatA kI apekSA adhika sukha milatA hai, parantu usakA upabhoga na karane se thor3A-sA duHkha hotA hai, taba aisI vastu ke upabhoga karane se atyanta sukha kA anubhava hotA hai tathA usakA upabhoga na karane se duHkha nahIM hotA (sivAya isake ki jaba manuSya usa vastu ke upabhoga kA Adi hotA hai), taba usako vilAsatA kI vastu kahate haiM / yadi kisI vastu ke upabhoga se alpakAlika sukha milatA hai tathA upabhoga na karane se bahuta kaSTa hotA hai taba usako dhanotsargika vastu kahate haiN| sukha-duHkha ke AdhAra para AvazyakatAoM ke isa vargIkaraNa ko nimna tAlikA dvArA spaSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai manuSya ke sukha-duHkha para prabhAva vastueM vastu kA upabhoga karane para vastu kA upabhoga na karane para anivAryatAeM thor3A-sA sukha milatA hai| bahuta du:kha hotA hai| sukhadAyaka vastueM kucha adhika sukha milatA hai| thor3A duHkha hotA hai| (suvidhAeM) vilAsitAeM bahuta sukha milatA hai| du:kha nahIM hotaa| arthazAstrI kI dRSTi meM naitikatA aura zAnti--ye saba gauNa hote haiN| usake sAmane mukhya prazna Arthika pragati ke dvArA mAnavIya kalyANa kA hotA hai / isa AdhAra para vaha vilAsitA kA samarthana karatA hai aura Arthika pragati ke lie use Avazyaka mAnatA hai| dharma-guru kI dRSTi meM Arthika pragati kA prazna gauNa hotA hai, naitikatA aura zAnti kA prazna mukhya hotA hai| 1. ema0 ela0 seTha, Adhunika arthazAstra, pR0 60-61 /

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214 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja dharma-guru sAmAjika vyakti ko dharma meM dIkSita karatA hai, isalie vaha jrasakI Arthika apekSAoM kI sarvathA upekSA kara usake lie aparigraha ke niyamoM kI saMracanA nahIM kara sakatA / isa AdhAra para 'icchA-parimANa' vrata ke paripArzva meM mahAvIra ne ina naitika niyamoM kA nirdeza diyA 1. jhUThA tola-mApa na krnaa| 2. milAvaTa na krnaa| 3. asalo vastu dikhAkara nakalI vastu na becnaa| samAja ke saMdarbha meM icchA-parimANa ke niyAmaka tattva do haiMprAmANikatA aura karuNA / vyakti ke saMdarbha meM usakA niyAmaka tattva hai-- saMyama / jhUThA tola-mApa Adi na karane ke pIche prAmANikatA aura karuNA kI preraNA hai / vyaktigata upabhoga kama karane ke pIche saMyama kI preraNA hai| mahAvIra ke vratI zrAvaka arthArjana meM aprAmANika sAdhanoM kA prayoga nahIM karate the aura vyaktigata jIvana kI sImA rakhate the| dhana ke arjana meM prAmANika sAdhanoM kA upayoga na karanA, saMgraha kI nizcita sImA karanA aura vyaktigata upabhoga kA saMyama karanA-ye tInoM milakara 'icchA-parimANa' vrata kA nirmANa karate haiN| yaha Arthika vipannatA kA vrata nahIM hai| dharma aura garIbI meM koI sambandha nahIM hai / garIba AdamI hI dhArmika ho sakatA hai yA dhArmika ko garIba honA cAhie-yaha cintana mahAvIra kI dRSTi meM truTipUrNa hai| dharma kI ArAdhanA na garIba kara sakatA hai aura na amIra kara sakatA hai| jisake mana meM zAnti kI bhAvanA jAgRta ho jAtI hai vaha dharma kI ArAdhanA kara sakatA hai, phira cAhe vaha garIba ho yA amIra / dhArmika vyakti garIbI aura amIrI -donoM se dUra hokara tyAgI hotA hai / hamane dharma ko eka jAti kA rUpa de diyaa| hamAre yuga ke dhArmika janmanA dhArmika haiM / jo vyakti jisa paramparA meM janma letA hai, usa vaMza-paramparA kA dharma usakA dharma ho jAtA hai / janmanA dhArmika ke lie icchA-parimANa kA vrata arthavAn nahIM hai / yaha una logoM ke lie arthavAn hai jo karmaNA dhArmika hote haiN| aise dhArmika sAdhu-saMnyAsiyoM jitane virala nahIM, phira bhI janasaMkhyA kI apekSA virala hI hote haiN| isalie unake AdhAra para na to Arthika mAnyatAeM sthApita hotI haiM aura na ve Arthika pragati meM avarodha banate haiN| adhikAMza dhArmika janmanA dharma ke anuyAyI hote haiN| ve AvazyakatAoM kI kamI, artha-saMgraha kI kamI, vilAsitA ke saMyama aura naitika niyamoM meM vizvAsa nahIM krte| unakA dharma naitikatA-zUnya dharma hotA hai / ve dhArmika hone ke sAtha-sAtha naitika honA Avazyaka nahIM mAnate / ve dharma ke prati ruci pradarzita karate haiM, para unakA AcaraNa nahIM karate / aise dhArmikoM kA dharma Arthika pragati ko prabhAvita nahIM krtaa|

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dharma se AjIvikA : icchA-parimANa 215 arthazAstra meM Arthika pragati ke lie AvazyakatA bar3hAne kA siddhAMta hai| kucha arthazAstrI isakA mukta samarthana karate haiM to kRcha arthazAstrI isake mukta samarthana ke pakSa meM nahIM hai / AvazyakatAoM ko bar3hAne ke pakSa meM nimna tarka prastuta kie jAte haiM 1. AvazyakatAbhoM kI vRddhi se manuSya ko adhikatama sukha yA saMtoSa prApta hotA hai| 2. AvazyakatAoM kI vRddhi sabhyatA ke vikAsa aura jIvanastara kI unnati meM sahAyaka hotI hai| 3. AvazyakatAoM kI vRddhi se dhana ke utpAdana meM vRddhi hotI hai| 4. AvazyakatAoM kI vRddhi se rAjya kI Arthika sthiti sudRr3ha hotI hai phalataH vaha rAjya sainika dRSTikoNa se sazakta aura apanI rakSA meM Atmanirbhara ho jAtA hai| AvazyakatA ko bar3hAne ke vipakSa meM nimna tarka prastuta kie jAte 1. AvazyakatAoM kI vRddhi se manuSya duHkha-kleza kA anubhava karatA 2. AvazyakatAoM kI vRddhi aura phira unakI saMtuSTi ke lie nirantara prayatna manuSya ko bhautikavAdI banAtA hai| 3. AvazyakatAoM kI vRddhi se samAja meM varga-saMgharSa (class stuggle) ho jAtA hai| 4. AvazyakatAoM kI vRddhi se manuSya svArthI ho jAtA hai aura vaha adhika dhana kamAne ke lie aprAmANika sAdhanoM kA prayoga karatA hai| ____ anekAnta kI dRSTi se mImAMsA karane para yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki satyAMza donoM ke madhya meM hai / AvazyakatAoM kI atyanta kamI meM sAmAjika unnati nahIM hotI-yaha arthazAstrIya dRSTikoNa mithyA nahIM hai to AvazyakatAoM kI atyanta vRddhi hone para duHkha yA kleza bar3hatA hai, yaha dRSTikoNa bhI mithyA nahIM hai / isa dUsare dRSTikoNa ko dharma kA samarthana bhI prApta hai| arthazAstra kA samarthana isalie prApta hai ki mArzala ke anusAra arthazAstra mAnavIya kalyANa kA zAstra hai aura isakA mukhya uddezya mAnavIya kalyANa meM vaddhi karanA hai| 'sImita sAdhanoM meM asImita AvazyakatAoM kI saMtuSTi kA patha pradarzita karanA arthazAstra kA kArya hai| kintu jisa anupAta meM AvazyakatAoM kI vRddhi kI jA sakatI hai usI anupAta meM unakI saMtuSTi nahIM kI jA sktii| sabhI manuSya apanI sabhI AvazyakatAoM ko saMtuSTa nahIM kara skte| 1. alDa mArzala, Principles of Economics, P. 1.

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216 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja adhikAMza loga apanI tIvra AvazyakatAoM (anivAryatAoM) kI saMtuSTi kara pAte haiN| madhyama AvazyakatAoM (suvidhAoM) kI saMtuSTi apekSAkRta kama loga kara pAte haiM / manda AvazyakatAoM (vilAsitAoM) kI saMtuSTi kucha hI loga kara pAte haiM / isa krama ke sAtha mahAvIra ke dRSTikoNa-'lAbha se lobha bar3hatA haiM'-kA adhyayana karane para yaha phalita hotA hai ki AvazyakatAoM kI vRddhi ke krama meM kucha AvazyakatAo kI saMtuSTi kI jA sakatI hai, kintu unakI vRddhi ke sAtha ubharane vAle mAnasika asaMtoSa aura azAnti kI cikitsA nahIM kI jA sktii| arthazAstra dvArA prastuta mAnava ke bhautika kalyANa kI vedI para mAnava kI mAnasika zAnti kI Ahuti nahIM dI jA sakatI / isalie bhautika kalyANa aura AdhyAtmika kalyANa ke madhya sAmaMjasya sthApita karanA anivArya hai / yadi manuSya-samAja ko mAnasika tanAva, pAgalapana, krUratA, zoSaNa, AkramaNa aura ucchRkhala pravRttiyoM se bacanA iSTa hai to yaha anivAryatA aura adhika tIvra ho jAtI hai| isI anivAryatA kI anubhUti karake hI mahAvIra ne samAja ke sAmane 'icchA-parimANa' kA siddhAMta prastuta kiyaa| isa Adarza meM anivAryatAoM aura suvidhAoM ko chor3ane kI zarta nahIM hai aura vilAsitApUrNa AvazyakatAoM kI paramparA ko cAlU rakhane kI svIkRti bhI nahIM hai| 'icchA-parimANa' ke siddhAMta meM arthazAstrIya AvazyakatA-vRddhi ke siddhAMta se maulika bhinnatA do viSayoM kI hai| pahalI bhinnatA yaha haiarthazAstra vilAsitAoM ke upabhoga kA samarthana karatA hai / usake samarthana meM nimna tarka prastuta kie jAte haiM 1. vilAsitAoM ke upabhoga se sAmAjika tathA Arthika unnati hotI 2. karmazIlatA ko protsAhana milatA hai| 3. jIvana-stara UMcA hotA hai| 4. dhana-saMgraha hotA hai / saMkaTa ke samaya vaha (AbhUSaNa Adi) sahAyaka siddha hotA hai| 5. kalA-kauzala, kArIgarI tathA udyoga-dhaMdhoM ko protsAhana milatA sava arthazAstrI ina vilAsitAoM ke upabhoga ke siddhAMta kA samarthana nahIM karate / unakA dRSTikoNa yaha hai ki vilAsitAoM ke upayoga se 1. varga-viSamatA (class inequality) bar3hatI hai / 2. utpAdana-kAryoM ke lie pUMjI kI kamI ho jAtI hai| 3. nirdhana varga para pratikUla prabhAva hotA hai, dveSa tathA ghRNA kI vRddhi hotI hai| vilAsitA ke prati yaha dRSTikoNa dharma ke dRSTikoNa se bhinna nahIM

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dharma se AjIvikA : icchA-parimANa 217 hai, kintu vilAsitA ke samarthana kA arthazAstrIya dRSTikoNa usase sarvathA bhinna hai / I dUsarI bhinnatA yaha hai ki arthazAstra meM naitika niyamoM kI anivAryatA svIkRta nahIM hai / naitika niyamoM kI avahelanA usakA uddezya nahIM hai, kintu yaha usakI prakRti kA prazna hai / usakI prakRti upayogitA hai / upayogitA kA artha hai - AvazyakatA ko saMtuSTa karane kI kSamatA / naitika niyama ke anusAra zarAba manuSya ke lie lAbhadAyI nahIM hai, isalie vaha upayogI bhI nahIM hai / vahI vastu upayogI ho sakatI hai jo lAbhadAyI ho| jo pravRttikAla aura pariNAma kAla -- donoM meM sukhada na ho, vaha lAbhadAyaka nahIM ho sakatI / aura jo lAbhadAyaka nahIM ho sakatI, vaha upayogI nahI ho sakatI / arthazAstra meM upayogitA kI paribhASA naitikatA kI paribhASA se bhinna hai / usameM upayogitA ke sAtha lAbhadAyikatA kA anubandha nahIM hai / AvazyakatA ko saMtuSTa karane vAlI vastu lAbhadAyI na hone para bhI para bhI upayogI ho sakatI hai / madyapAna nizcita rUpa se hAnikAraka hai / kintu madya meM madyapa ke lie eka upayogitA hai / madyapa madya kI AvazyakatA kA anubhava karatA hai aura madya usakI AvazyakatA ko saMtuSTa karatI hai / pro0 robinsa kA mata hai ki artha zAstra meM aise aneka viSayoM kA adhyayana kiyA jAtA hai jisakA mAnavIya kalyANa se dUra kA bhI sambandha nahIM hotA / madya pIne se manuSya ke kalyANa athavA sukha meM kisI prakAra kI vRddhi nahIM hotI, pratyuta kamI hone kI sambhAvanA hai / phira bhI madya udyoga kA arthazAstra meM adhyayana hotA hai, kyoMki madya-nirmANa eka Arthika kArya hai aura aneka vyakti isa udyoga se apanI AjIvikA kamAte haiM / dharmazAstra aura arthazAstra ke dRSTikoNa kA yaha antara usakI prakRti kA antara hai / donoM kI prakRti kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana karane para yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai 1. naitika niyama manuSya ke sAmane jIvana kA Adarza prastuta karate haiM / Arthika niyama mAnavIya AcaraNa ke Arthika pahaluoM kA adhyayana karate haiM / 2. naitika niyamoM kI avahelanA karane para manuSya ko AtmaglAni hotI hai / Arthika niyamoM kA atikramaNa karane para AtmaglAni nahIM hotI / 3. naitika niyamoM kA pAlana karane para manuSya kI AdhyAtmika unnati hotI hai / Arthika niyamoM kA pAlana karane para Arthika unnati hotI hai / isa prakRti-bheda ko samajha lene para dharmazAstra ke vidhi-vidhAna kI dUrI svayaM buddhigamya ho jAtI hai / arthazAstra meM naitikatA ke lie sarvatha avakAza nahIM, aisI bAta nahIM hai / ImAnadArI, niSkapaTatA Adi guNoM kaM

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218 ahiMsA : vyakti aura samAja kArya-kuzalatA kA nirdhAraNa karane vAle tatvoM ke rUpa meM svIkAra karane vAle arthazAstrI naitikatA kI sarvathA upekSA nahIM kara sakate / arthazAstra aura nItizAstra- ye donoM samAjazAstra ke hI aMga haiN| ina donoM meM mAnavIya vyavahAra kA adhyayana kiyA jAtA hai| arthazAstra meM mAnavIya vyavahAra ke Arthika pahalU kA aura nItizAstra meM usake AdarzAtmaka pahalU kA adhyayana kiyA jAtA hai| nItizAstra Adarza prastuta karatA hai| vaha hameM batAtA hai ki hamArA AcaraNa kaisA honA caahie| nItizAstra ucita aura anucita meM bheda kara. kA Adeza detA hai aura hameM batAtA hai ki kyA karanA cAhie aura kyA nahIM karanA caahie| arthazAstrI Arthika nirNaya sunAte tathA vyavasthA dete samaya nItizAstra ke nirdeza kI upekSA nahIM kara samate / udAharaNArtha DaoN0 mArzala ne sadAcAra ke AdhAra para apanI 'utpAdaka zrama' kI dhAraNA se vezyAvRtti ko bAhara nikAla diyaa| jaisA ki pro0 sailigamaina (Saligman) ne kahA hai-'saccI Arthika kriyA pariNAmata: sadAcArika honI caahie|' isa prakAra arthazAstrI Arthika nIti ke nirmANa meM nItizAstra kI upekSA nahIM kara sktaa| isI prakAra arthazAstra kA nItizAstra para bhI bahuta gaharA prabhAva par3atA hai| Arthika paristhitiyAM manuSya ke caritra tathA AcAra-vicAra para gaharA prabhAva DAlatI haiM / amuka vyakti kA AcAra kaisA hogA, isa bAta se nizcita hotA hai ki vaha apanI AjIvikA kaise kamAtA hai| isa prakAra arthazAstra aura nItizAstra meM ghaniSTha sambandha haiN| mahAvIra ne kahA- 'icchA kA parimANa nahIM karane vAlA manuSya adharma se AjIvikA kamAtA hai aura icchA kA parimANa karane vAlA manuSya dharma se AjIvikA kamAtA hai| adharma yA dharma se AjIvikA kamAne meM Arthika paristhitiyAM nimitta banatI haiM kintu unakA utpAdana kAraNa anAsakti tathA dharmazraddhA kA tAratamya hai|' 'icchA-parimANa' ke niSkarSa saMkSepa meM isa prakAra prastuta kie jA sakate haiM 1.na garIba aura na vilAsitA kA jIvana / 2. dhana AvazyakatA pUrti kA sAdhana hai, sAdhya nhiiN| dhana manuSya ke lie hai, manuSya dhana ke lie nahIM hai| 3. AvazyakatA kI santuSTi ke lie dhana kA arjana kintu dUsaroM ko hAni pahuMcAkara apanI AvazyakatAoM kI saMtuSTi na ho, isakA jAgarUka prayatna / - 1. ema0 ela0 seTha : Adhunika arthazAstra, pR0 33 /

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dharma se AjIvikA : icchA-parimANa 216 4. AvazyakatAoM, sukha-suvidhAoM aura unakI saMtuSTi ke AdhArabhUta dhana-saMgraha kI sImA kA nirdhAraNa / 5. dhana ke prati upayogitA ke dRSTikoNa kA nirmANa kara saMgRhIta dhana meM anAsakti kA vikAsa / 6. dhana ke saMtuSTi-guNa ko svIkAra karate hue AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI dRSTi se usakI asAratA kA anucintana / 7. visarjana kI kSamatA kA vikaas|

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aparigrahI cetanA kA vikAsa jahAM deha hai vahAM vastu kA upabhoga hotA hI hai| deha chUTatA nahIM hai aura vastu kA upabhoga kie binA vaha rahatA nahIM hai isalie vastu kA upabhoga anivArya ho jAtA hai| yadi vastu aura usakA upabhoga hI parigraha ho to koI aparigrahI ho hI nahIM sakatA / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki kevala vastu pAsa meM na hone yA na rakhane mAtra se koI aparigraho nahIM hotaa| aparigrahI vaha hotA hai jisameM aparigraha kI cetanA vikasita ho jAtI hai| aparigraha kI cetanA kA vikAsa ekatva kI bhAvanA udita hone para hotA hai| jo vyakti vastuoM ke saMyoga aura viyoga ke siddhAMta ko jAnatA hai, vaha jAnatA hai ki AtmA akelI hai, usake adhikAra meM jitane padArtha haiM ve saba saMyukta haiM, ekatra kie hue haiM, saMgRhIta haiM, usase bhinna haiM aura nizcita rUpa se eka dina viyukta ho jAne vAle haiN| 'saMyogA viprayogAMtA:'-saMyoga kI antima pariNati viyoga hai / yaha dhruva satya hai| isa ekatva bhAvanA se mamakAra kA visarjana aura aparigraha kI cetanA phalita hotI hai| eka bhikhArI ke pAsa kucha bhI nahIM hai aura eka cakravartI ke pAsa bahuta kucha hai / bhagavAna mahAvIra se pUchA gayA-"bhaMte ! kyA vaha bhikhArI aparigrahI hai aura kyA vaha cakravartI bahuparigrahI hai ?" bhagavAn ne kahA"AkAMkSA kI dRSTi se bhikhArI aura cakravartI donoM parigrahI hai / bhikhArI ke pAsa vastueM nahIM haiM para unheM pAne kI AkAMkSA cakravartI se kama nahIM hai| aparigrahI vaha hotA hai jisakI AkAMkSA visarjita ho jAtI hai / bhagavAn ne usa vyakti ko tyAgI nahIM kahA jo vivazatA meM bhoga kA upabhoga nahIM kara pA rahA ho vatthagandhamalaMkAraM itthIo sayaNANi ya / acchandA je na bhuMjanti na se cAitti vuccai / / -jo vastra, gandha, alaMkAra, striyAM aura palaMgoM kA paravaza hone se (yA unake abhAva meM) sevana nahIM karatA vaha tyAgI nahIM kahalAtA / jisa vyakti meM tyAga kI cetanA nirmita ho jAtI hai, vahI sahI artha meM tyAgI hotA hai je ya kante pie bhoe laddhe vipiTikuvvai / sAhINe cayai bhoe se hu cAitti vuccai // -tyAgI vaha kahalAtA hai jo kAMta aura priyabhoga upalabdha hone para

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aparigrahI cetanA kA vikAsa 221 bhI unakI ora pITha phera letA hai aura svAdhInatApUrvaka bhogoM ko tyAga karatA tyAgI hI brahmacArI hotA hai aura tyAgI hI aparigrahI / satya yaha hai ki mUrchA bhaMga hone para cetanA jAgRta ho jAtI hai| vaha sarvAtmanA prakAzita ho jAtI hai| phira usake khaNDa nahIM kie jA skte| cetanA kA eka konA jAgRta aura eka supta--yaha vibhAjana nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| usameM hiMsA, asatya, caurya, abrahmacarya aura parigraha inameM se eka bhI nahIM Tika paataa| AcArya bhikSu ne isa viSaya meM bahuta sundara likhA hai ki eka mahAvrata ko nahIM sAdhA jA sakatA / eka hotA hai to pAMcoM hote haiM aura eka TUTatA hai to pAMcoM TUTa jAte haiN| isakA hetu cetanA meM anAsakti kI akhaMDatA hai|

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samAja-vyavasthA aura ahiMsA samAja-racanA ke AdhAra meM parigraha aura hiMrA kA pramukha hAtha hotA hai / vyakti jaba kisI samUha ko svIkAratA hai, usake sAtha vaha apanA mamatA bandhana sthApita kara letA hai / merA parivAra, merI jAti, merA samAja, mere samAja ke prati merA dAyitva, merA rASTra, mere rASTra ke prati merA dAyitvayaha mere kA bandhana usake sAtha kucha aisA jur3a jAtA hai ki vaha usako auroM se parAyA kara detA hai| isa parigraha ke svIkAra ke sAtha hI hiMsA kA prArambha ho jAtA hai| mere samAja yA rASTra ke hitoM kI surakSA kaise ho, usakA vikAsa kaise ho, usakA vistAra kaise ho auroM ke mukAbale vaha kamajora na raha jAe -ye sArI cintAeM usa merepana ke svIkAra ke sAtha svayaM jur3I huI calI AtI haiM / isa prakAra samAja, phira cAhe vaha zoSaNa-mukta ho athavA zoSaNa-yukta, hiMsA aura parigraha usake parikara meM hote hI haiM / isalie sampUrNa ahiMsA kI saMgati maiM yahAM nahIM dekhtaa| maiM yaha mAnatA haiM ki samAja-nirmANa meM aneka ghaTaka kAma karate haiN| unameM se ahiMsA bhI eka hai / vaha usameM sampUrNa rUpa se kAma nahIM kara sakatI; kyoMki samAja ke mUla meM bhaya aura parigraha bhI kAma karate haiM / ahiMsA kA kA bhaya aura parigraha ke sAtha tAlamela baiThanA asambhava hai| phira bhI samAja ke jIvana meM hiMsA aura ahiMsA kA viveka honA Avazyaka hai| hiMsA ke aneka stara hote haiN| eka stara yaha hotA hai ki hara samasyA kA samAdhAna golI aura pulisa meM khojA jAe / eka stara yaha hotA hai ki golI aura pulisa kA Azraya antima sthiti meM liyA jAe / pahalA stara bahuta kaThora hai, dUsarA usakI apekSA mRdu hai / hara samasyA kA samAdhAna samajhaute se ho, sadbhAvanA se ho, yaha pUrNa ahiMsA hai / samajhaute se samAdhAna nahIM Ae, usake lie satyAgraha, dharanA, anazana Adi kA sahArA liyA jAe, yaha vyAvahArika ahiMsA pAkistAna se sambandha sudhArane ke lie yahI ahiMsAtmaka sAdhana anazana Adi apanAe, to usase kisI pariNAma kI AzA karanA hamArA bhrama hI hogaa| kyoMki unake mana meM bhArata ke prati koI prIti nahIM hai aura na hI unake samakSa hai ki sI prakAra kA bhaya / isalie ahiMsA jahAM dabAva banakara AtI hai / vahAM usakI saphalatA ke lie Avazyaka hai ki jisake viruddha dabAva diyA jAtA hai. vaha use mahasasa bhI kare / aura vaha mahasasa tabhI kara sakatA

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samAja-vyavasthA aura ahiMsA 223 haiM, jaba usake mana meM usake prati kucha lagAva ho yA use kisI prakAra kA bhaya ho / kyA hRdaya parivartana se samAja vyavasthA saMbhava hai ? maiM ahiMsA ke kSetra ko sImita nahIM mAnatA / vaha sArvadik aura sArvatrika hotA hai / isalie usakA prabhAva vyakti taka hI mAna lenA hamArI bhArI bhUla hogii| vaise eka - eka vyakti kA hRdaya parivartana hI to samAjaparivartana kA AdhAra banatA hai / sacAI yaha hai, vahI parivartana adhika sthAyI aura adhika lAbhadAyI hotA hai / prazna taba jaTila ho jAtA hai, jaba samAja kA koI vyakti yA varga vizeSa vyavasthA ko tAka para rakhakara apane svArthoM ko hI pramukhatA dene laga jAtA hai / vaha sacAI ko nahIM parakhatA ho, aisI bAta nahIM hai / kintu vaha svArthI ke lie itanA aMdhA ho jAtA hai ki usake samakSa vaha samAja kI samasta vyavasthAoM kI avahelanA karane laga jAtA hai / vahAM samAja vyavasthA kisI bala yA zakti ke sahAre ko bhI inakAra kara nahIM cala sakatI / jahAM vyakti sahRdaya ho, vahAM hRdaya parivartana kA siddhAMta kAma kara sakatA hai / hRdayahInatA aura pazutA kI sthiti meM to bala yA zakti hI kAragara ho sakatI hai /

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sAmyavAda aura adhyAtma sAmyavAda aura adhyAtma ina donoM dhArAoM kA kucha binduoM para samAna cintana hai | adhyAtma kA dRSTikoNa hai-- na me mAtA na me pitA na me bhrAtA na me sutaH / mAtA, pitA, bhAI, bahana, putra, pati, patnI - ye jitane sAMsArika saMbaMdha haiM, ve vAstavika nahIM haiM / sacAI yaha hai ki koI kisI kA nahIM hai / jitane anubaMdha haiM, ve sAre svArtha ke haiM / jisa vyakti kA jaba taka jisase svArtha sadhatA hai, taba taka vaha usakA AtmIya hai / svArtha kA vighaTana hote hI apanA parAyA ho jAtA hai / isalie kisI ko apanA mAnanA eka bhrAMti hai / vyakti akelA AyA hai aura akelA jAtA hai / madhyakAla meM moha kA jitanA anubaMdha hotA hai, vyakti utanA hI duHkhI hotA hai / isa prakAra adhyAtma manuSya ko ekatva bhAvanA se bhAvita karatA hai / vyakti ko vyApaka sAmyavAda bhI parivAra kI sImA rekhA ko tor3akara dRSTi se kAma karane kI preraNA detA hai| usake anusAra rASTra eka ikAI hai / vyakti rASTra kA hai| mAtA-pitA kA usa para koI adhikAra nahIM hai / rASTra ke hara nAgarika kI sevA aura surakSA kA dAyitva rASTra para hI hai / cIna meM aisI vyavasthA hai ki baccoM kA lAlana-pAlana bhI unake mAtA-pitA dvArA nahIM hotA hai / koI mAM mamatA kI preraNA se apane bacce ko apane pAsa rakhanA cAhe to use rASTrIya dRSTi se aparAdha samajhA jAtA hai / sAmyavAdI cintakoM kI isa vicAradhArA kI pRSThabhUmi yaha hai ki yadi vyakti parivAra se jur3A rahegA to usameM rASTraprema paryApta rUpa se nahIM nikharegA / vaha apane mAtA-pitA yA anya pArivArika janoM ke lie anaitika bana sakatA hai| eka-eka vyakti kI anaitikatA rASTrIya bhAvanA ke lie khatarA hai, kyoMki vyaktigata vyAmoha kI prabalatA meM sAmUhikatA kI bhAvanA goNa ho jAtI hai / sAmyavAdI dezoM meM pArivArika paddhati yA to hai hI nahIM, jahAM hai, vahAM bhI itanI halkI hai ki usakA vyakti para vizeSa prabhAva nahIM hotA / kyoMki koI bhI lar3akA yA lar3akI apane mAtA-pitA kI saMpatti kA uttarAdhikArI nahIM hotA / mRtyu ke bAda vyakti kI sArI saMpatti kA adhikAra sarakAra kA hotA hai / vyakti kI anivAryatama apekSAeM jaise zikSA, cikitsA, AvAsa, bhojana Adi kI vyavasthA bhI rASTra karatA hai tathA usakI saMpadA aura yogyatA kA lAbha bhI

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sAmyavAda aura adhyAtma 225 sarakAra ko hI milatA hai / isa dRSTi se vahAM vyakti aura parivAra donoM hI gauNa ho jAte haiM, pramukhatA milatI hai rASTrIya hitoM ko| parivAra merA nahIM hai / vaha mujhe trANa yA zaraNa nahIM de sktaa| yaha bhAvanA adhyAtma aura sAmyavAda donoM se janma letI hai, para donoM kA uddezya bhinna hai / adhyAtma kA dhyeya hai vyakti kI mUrchA TUTe / vaha nirmohatA ke patha para agrasara hotA huA vItarAga bana jAye jabaki sAmyavAda kA lakSya hotA hai rASTrIya hitoM ko protsAhana / prazna kA antima hissA hai vyakti kI upayogitA se saMbaMdhita / parivAra kI mUrchA TUTa jAne para vyakti samAja ke lie upayogI ho hI jAtA hai, yaha bAta ekAntataH sahI nahIM hai / kyoMki yahAM bhI saba kucha uddezya para nirbhara karatA hai / isameM vyakti kI manaHsthiti, bAharI paristhiti, samAja ke mAnadaMDa aura vyakti kA saMkalpabala kAma karatA hai / ataH ina tathyoM ko samajhane ke lie sApekSa dRSTi kA upayoga karanA jarUrI hai| vyakti ke mUlabhUta adhikAra sAmAjika, rAjanaitika yA dhArmika koI bhI paddhati ho, usameM acchAI ke sAtha kucha doSa A hI jAte haiN| jaba taka acchAI kA palar3A bhArI rahatA hai, doSa nIce dabe rahate haiN| acchAI kI mAtrA kama hote hI doSa usa paddhati para hAvI ho jAte haiM aura vaha vivAdAspada bana jAtI hai / sAmyavAdI dhAraNA ke sAtha bhI kucha bAteM aisI haiM, jo samAlocya hai / vyakti kI AkAMkSAoM kA jahAM taka prazna hai, sAmUhika jIvana meM vaha apekSAkRta gauNa hotI hI hai| adhikAroM ke apaharaNa kI bAta bhI aisI hai ki jisa paddhati meM vyakti ko koI vizeSa adhikAra prApta hI nahIM haiM, vahAM unakA apaharaNa bhI kaisA? apekSA isa bAta kI hai ki sAmyavAdI vyavasthA kI pRSThabhUmi meM raha gaye doSoM ko parimArjita kara use adhyAtma-saMvalita banAyA jAye / adhyAtma kI puTa lagane se damana yA apaharaNa jaisI bAta svayaM samApta ho sakatI hai|| naitikatA kI paramparAeM naitikatA antaHpreraNA kI niSpatti hai| balAt kisI bhI vyakti ko naitika nahIM banAyA jA sakatA / hRdaya-parivartana aura balapUrvaka AropaNa ye do sthitiyAM haiN| hRdaya-parivartana se jo bAta svIkAra kI jAtI hai, vaha dharma hai, adhyAtma hai, naitikatA hai| kintu dhArmika saMskAra bhI balAt thope jAeM to unase vyakti dhArmika nahIM bana sktaa| aba rahI bAta bala prayoga karane vAle vyakti kI pravRtti se saMbaMdhita / vaise hara sthiti meM preraNA, pravRtti aura pariNAma-ina tInoM ke bAre meM cintana karanA jarUrI hai|

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226 ahiMsA : byakti aura samAja eka vyakti dUsare vyakti ko burAI chur3Ane ke lie burAI se saMbaMdhita upakaraNa curAtA hai / usakI isa pravRtti ke pIche rahI huI preraNA galata nahIM hai| kyoMki vaha socatA hai-- saMbandhita vyakti anaitika na rahe, hatyArA na rhe| isa bhAvanA se usane jo vastu idhara-udhara kI, use har3apane kI usakI icchA nahIM hai| baccA ajJAnavaza patthara pheMkatA hai yA kisI anya upakaraNa kA durupayoga karatA hai, taba abhibhAvaka use chipA dete haiN| yaha pravRtti corI nahIM hotii| isI prakAra koI hita sAdhana kI dRSTi se aisA kAma karatA hai, use corI nahIM kahA jA sakatA / kyoMki corI meM har3apane kI vRtti hotI hai / mUrchA hotI hai / padArtha ke upayoga kI bhAvanA rahatI hai / isa dRSTi se yaha sahI hai ki hitaiSI vyakti ke mana meM corI kI nahIM, saMbaMdhita vyakti ko sudhArane kI bhAvanA hai / yaha ghAsa ko cinagArI se bacAne kA prayatna hai| ukta ghaTanA meM preraNA burI nahIM hai, pravRtti asAmAnya nahIM hai, para pariNAma kI bAta saMdigdha hai / isalie kisI bhI vyakti ko naitika banAne kA tarIkA yaha nahIM hai| yaha to tAtkAlika upacAra hai / sthUla prakriyA hai| saMbhava hai, vaha vyakti apanA churA kho jAne ke kAraNa corI se uparata hone ke bajAya dUsarA churA kharIda kara apanI maMzA pUrI kara le, kyoMki hatyA ke prati usake mana meM glAni nahIM hai / aNuvrata kisI bhI vyakti ko balAt aNuvratI yA dhArmika banAne meM vizvAsa nahIM karatA / mana badala jAtA hai to koI bhI paristhiti vyakti ko anaitikatA kI ora prerita nahIM kara sktii|

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