Jayoday Mahakavya Ka Samikshatmak Adhyayan

Author(s): Kailash Pandey
Publisher: Gyansagar Vagarth Vimarsh Kendra
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/006171/1

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jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 1 kailAza pati pANDeya, gorakhapura prakAzaka/prakAzana : AcArya jJAnasAgara vAgartha vimarza kendra, byAvara (rAja.) zrI 1008 digambara jaina jJAnodaya tIrtha kSetra, nArelI-ajamera (rAja.)

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mahAkavi na. paM. bhUrAmala zAstrI (A. jJAnasAgara) kA kRtitva saMskRta - sAhitya : jayodaya mahAkAvyam 2. vIrodaya mahAkAvyam 3. sudarzanodaya-mahAkAvyam 4. bhadrodaya mahAkAvyam (samudradatta caritram) 5. dayodaya campU 6. samyaktvasAra-zatakam 7. munimanoraJjanAzItiH 8. bhakti saMgrahaH 9. hita-sampAdakam hindI sAhitya : 10. bhAgya parIkSA 11. guNasundaravRttAnta 12. pavitra mAnava jIvana 13. RSabhacaritra 14. kartavya patha pradarzana 15. sacitta-vivecana 16. sacitta vicAra 17. sarala jaina vivAha-vidhi 18. itihAsa ke panne TIkAdi grantha : 19. samayasAra (A. kundakunda kRta) 20. ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra 21. vivekodaya 22. svAmI kundakunda evaM sanAtana jaina dharma 23. tatvArtha sUtra (umAsvAmI kRta) 24. pravacanasAra (A. kundakunda kRta) 25. devAgama stotra (aprApta) 26. niyamasAra (aprApta) 27. aSTApAhur3a (aprApta) 28. zrI zAntinAtha-pUjana-vidhAna

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Wan jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana ( gorakhapura vizvavidyAlaya kI pI. eca. DI. upAdhi hetu svIkRta zodha prabandha ) san 1981 prastutakartA: kailAza pati pANDeya zodha chAtra, saMskRta vibhAga gorakhapura vizvavidyAlaya gorakhapura - Wan -: prakAzaka/ prakAzana : AcArya jJAnasAgara vAgartha vimarza kendra, byAvara evaM zrI digambara jaina jJAnodaya tIrtha kSetra, nArelI-ajamera (rAja.) Wan Zhu

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preraka prasaMgaH cAritra cakravartI pU. AcArya zrI vidyAsAgarajI mahArAja ke suziSya, tIrthakSetra samuddhAraka, Agama ke prAmANika evam sumadhura pravacanakAra, yuvAmanISI, jJAnodaya tArtha kSetra (nArelIajamera) preraka, AdhyAtmika evam dArzanika santa muni zrI sudhAsAgarajI mahArAja evam pU. kSu. zrI gaMbhIrasAgarajI evaM kSu. zrI dhairyasAgarajI mahArAja ke zrI jJAnodaya tIrtha kSetra, nArelI (ajamera) para zItakAlIna vAcanA 1996 meM prakAzita / prakAzaka : AcArya jJAnasAgara vAgartha vimarza kendra byAvara (rAja.) granthamAlA : DaoN. ramezacanda jaina, bijanaura sampAdaka evaM niyAmaka paM. aruNakumAra zAstrI, byAvara saMskaraNa : prathama - 1996 prati : 1000 mUlya : -38- rupaye mAtra prApti sthAna : AcArya jJAnasAgara vAgartha vimarza kendra "sarasvatI bhavana" seTha jI kI nasiyA~ byAvara 305 901 (rAja.) zrI digambara jaina jJAnodaya tIrtha kSetra nArelI-ajamera (rAja.) phona : 33663 zrI digambara jaina atizaya kSetra mandira saMghIjI, sAMgAnera, (jayapura-rAja.) mudraka : nio blaoNka eNDa prinTsa purAnI maNDI, ajamera (c) 422291 y`

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samIkSAtmaka jayodaya mAhamA -: AzIrvAda evaM preraNA :muni zrI sudhAsAgarajI mahArAja kSu. zrI gaMbhIrasAgarajI mahArAja kSu. zrI dhairyasAgarajI mahArAja -: saujanya :zrImAn zreSThI zrI mAnamalajI surezacandajI jhAMjharI gayA -: prakAzaka/prakAzana :AcArya jJAnasAgara vAgartha vimarza kendra, byAvara evaM zrI digambara jaina jJAnodaya tIrtha kSetra, nArelI-ajamera (rAja.)

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2053 zrI digambara jaina mahAkavi AcArya zrI 108 jJAnasAgara jI mahArAja

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prakAzakIya samarpaNa 5 to 7F5 A. zrI vi dyA sA ga ra jI Wan mu. zrI su 15 F dhA sA jI paMcAcAra yukta mahAkavi, dArzanika vicAraka, dharmaprabhAkara, Adarza cAritranAyaka, kundakunda kI paramparA ke unnAyaka, saMta ziromaNi, samAdhi samrATa, parama pUjya AcArya zrI vidyAsAgarajI mahArAja ke kara kamaloM meM evaM inake parama suyogya ziSya jJAna, dhyAna, tapa yukta jaina saMskRti ke rakSaka, kSetra jIrNoddhAraka, vAtsalya mUrti, samatA svAbhAvI, jinavANI ke yathArtha udghoSaka, AdhyAtmika evaM dArzanika saMta muni zrI sudhAsAgara jI mahArAja ke kara kamaloM meM sakala di. jaina samAja evaM digambara jaina samiti, ajamera (rAja.) kI ora se sAdara samarpita /

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. . . jJAnodaya tIrtha kSetra - eka dRSTi ___ bhAratIya saMskRti Adarza puruSoM ke AdarzoM se prasUta evaM saMvarddhita/saMrakSita hai / pratyeka bhAratIya apane Adarza puruSoM ko jIvana ke nikaTatama sajone kA prayAsa karatA hai / bhArata kI Adarza ziromaNI digambara jaina samAja AdhyAtmika saMskRti kA kIrtimAna anAdinidhana sanAtana kAla se sthApita karatI rahI hai| isa sanAtana prabhAyamAna di. jaina saMskRti meM/pratyeka yuga meM caubIsa-caubIsa tIrthaMkara hote rahe haiM, hote raheMge / jinakI sarvajJatA se pradatta jIvana ko jayaMvata banAne vAle sUtroM ne inake vyaktitva ko AdarzatA evaM pUjyatA pradAna kI hai| vItarAgI, niSpahI, aThAraha doSoM se rahita, ananta catuSTya ke dhanI, ina arahantoM ne apanI divya vANI se rASTra samAja evaM bhavya jIvoM ke liye sarvocca Adarza prApta karane kA mArga prazasta kiyA hai / ____ jaba ina mahAn arahantoM kA param nirvANa ho jAtA hai taba inake abhAva ko sadbhAva meM anubhUta karane ke lie di.jaina saMskRti meM sthApanA nikSepa se vAstukalA ke rUpa meM/ mUrti ke rUpa meM sthApita kara jina bimba saMjJA se saMjJita kiyA jAtA hai / ina jina bimboM se ananta Adarza pratibimbita hokara bhavya prANIyoM ke nidhattanikAcita duSTa karmoM ko naSTa karate haiM / aise mahAn jina bimboM ko jina-bhakta nagara yA nagara ke nikaTa upavana meM virAjamAna kara usa pavitra kSetra ko AtmazAnti kA kendra banA letA hai / nagara jinAlayoM kI apekSA upavanoM meM sthApita tIrthakSetroM kA vAtAvaraNa adhika vizuddha hotA hai / ataH loga saikar3oM mIloM se hajAroM rUpayA kharca karake tIrthakSetroM para tIrthayAtrA karane jAte haiN| kahA jAtA hai ki jisa bhUmi para tIrtha kSetra hote haiM tathA tIrtha yAtrI Akara tIrtha vandanA karate hoM vaha bhUmi devatAoM dvArA bhI bandanIya ho jAtI hai / isaliye pratyeka jilA nivAsI jaina bandhu apane jile meM / kisI sundara upavana meM vizAla jina-tIrtha kI sthApanA karake sampUrNa rASTra ke bhavya jIvoM ke liye yAtrA karane kA mArga prazasta karake apane jile kI bhUmi ko pAvana banA letA hai / durbhAgya hI kahanA cAhiye ki ajamera jilA digambara jaina zrAvakoM ke liye karma sthalI rahA hai lekina tIrthakSetra ke rUpa meM dharma sthalI banAne kA saubhAgya prApta nahIM kara sakA / arthAt ajamera maNDalArtagata abhI taka eka bhI tIrtha kSetra nahIM hai / jisa para bhAratavarSa ke sAdharmI bandhu tIrtha yAtrI ke rUpa meM Akara jile kI bhUmi ko pavitra kara skeN|

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ka jile kI digambara jaina samAja ke sAtizaya puNya ke udaya se isa rAjasthAna kI janmasthalI, karmasthalI banA kara pavitra karane vAle tathA cAra-cAra saMskRta mahAkAvyoM sahita 30 granthoM ke sRjetA bAla brahmacArI mahAkavi A. zrI jJAsAgarajI mahArAja dvArA zramaNa saMskRti ke unanAyaka jina zAsan prabhAvaka AcArya zrI vidyAsAgarajI mahArAja ko dIkSA dekara ajamera kSetra ko pavitra kiyA hai / aisI isa pAvana bhUmi para cira antarAla ke bAda saMta ziromaNI AcArya zrI vidyAsAgara mahArAja ke param ziSya AdhyAtmika saMta muni zrI sudhAsAgarajI mahArAja, kSu. zrI gambhIrasAgarajI, kSu. zrI dhairyasAgarajI kA pAvana varSa 1994 meM varSAyoga huA / isI varSA yoga meM sarakAra, samAja evaM sAdhu kI saMgati ne isa jile ko AdhyAtmika vAstukalA ko sthApita karane ke lie nArelI grAma ke upavana ko tIrthakSetra meM parivartita karane ke liye cunA / sacce puruSArtha meM acche phala zIghra hI lagate haiM aisI kahAvata hai / tadnusAra 4 mAha ke andara hI ajamera se 10 ki.mI. dUra nArelI grAma meM kizanagar3ha-byAvara bAIpAsa para eka vizAla parvata sahita 127.5 bIghA kA bhUkhaNDa digambara jaina samAja ko sarakAra se AvaMTita kiyA gayA jisakA nAmakaraNa AcArya zrI vidyAsAgarajI mahArAja evaM muni zrI sudhAsAgarajI mahArAja ke ArzIvAda se "jJAnodaya tIrtha" aisA mAMgalika pavitra nAma rakhA gayA / isa kSetra kA saMcAlana digambara jaina samiti (raji.) ajamera dvArA kiyA jAtA hai / isa kSetra para nimna yojanAoM kA saMkalpa jilA starIya digambara jaina samAja ne kiyA hai / 1. trimUrti jinAlaya (mUla jinAlaya) - isa mahA jinAlaya meM aSTadhAtu kI 11-11 phuTa utaMga tIrthaMkara, cakravartI kAmadeva jaise mahA puNyazAlI padoM ko eka sAtha prApta kara mahA nirvANa ko prApta karane vAle zrI zAntinAtha, kunthunAtha, arahanAtha ke jina bimba virAjamAna kiye jAveMge / yaha jinAlaya esa kSetra ko mUlanAyaka ke nAma se prasiddha hogA / 2. zrI nandIzvara jinAlaya - yaha vahI jinAlaya hai jisakI vandanA zAyada samyagdRSTi eka bhavatArI saudharma indra apane parikara sahita varSa kI tInoM aSTAnikA parva meM jAkara nirantara 8 dina taka pUjana abhiSeka kara apane jIvana ko dhanya banAtA hai / yaha nandIzvara dvIpa jambUdIpa se AThaveM sthAna para par3atA hai / ataH vahAM para manuSyoM kA jAnA sambhava nahIM hai / etartha usa nandIzvara dIpa ke 52 jinAlayoM ko sthApanA nikSepa se isa kSetra meM bhavya jIvoM ke darzanArtha isa jinAlaya kI sthApanA kI jA rahI hai /

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D 3. sahasrakUTa - arahanta tIrthaMkaroM ke zarIra meM 1008 sulakSaNa hote haiM / ataH tIrthaMkaroM ko 1008 nAmoM se pukArate haiM / isa eka-eka nAma ke liye eka-eka vAstu kalA meM virAjamAna kara 1008 nimba eka sthAna para virAjamAna kiye jAte haiM / isaliye isako sahasrakUTa jinAlaya kahA jAtA hai / zrI koTi bhaTTa rAjA zrIpAla ke samaya sahasrakUTa jinAlaya ke sambandha meM zrIpAla caritra meM varNita kiyA gayA hai ki jaba sahasrakUTa jinAlaya ke kapATa svataH hI banda ho gaye taba koTi bhaTTa rAjA zrIpAla eka dina usakI vandanA karane ke liye Ate haiM to usake zIla kI mahimA se kapATa ekadama khula jAte haiM / trikAla caubIsI jinAlaya - yaha vaha jinAlaya hai jinameM bharata kSetra ke bhUta, vartamAna va bhaviSya kI 24-24 jina pratimAyeM 5.6 phuTa utaMga 24 jinAlayoM meM virAjamAna kI jAvegI / bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke nirvANa ke bAda zoka magna hokara bharata cakravartI vicArane lagA ki aba tIrtha kA pravartana kaise hogA / taba mahA munirAja gaNadhara parameSThI kahate haiM ki he cakri, aba dharma kA pravartana jina bimba kI sthApanA se hI sambhava hai / taba cakravartI bharata ne muni RSabha sena mahArAja kA ArzIvAda prApta kara kailAza parvata para svarNamayI 72 jinAlayoM kA nirmANa karAkara ratna khacita 500-500 dhanuSa pramANa 72 jina bimboM kI sthApanA kI / 5. mAnastambha - jainAgama ke anusAra jaba bhagavAna kA sAkSAta samavazaraNa lagatA hai taba cAroM dizAoM meM cAra mAnastambha sthApita kiye jAte haiM aura mAnastambha meM cAroM dizAoM meM eka-eka pratimA sthApita kI jAtI hai arthAta 1 mAnastambha meM kula cAra pratimAyeM hotI haiM / isa mAnastambha ko dekhakara mithyAdRSTiyoM kA mada (aMhakAra) gala jAtA hai aura bhavya jIva samyagdRSTi hokara samavazaraNa meM praveza kara sAkSAta arahaMta bhagavAn kI vANI ko sunane kA adhikArI bana jAtA hai / isa sambandha meM antima tIrthaMkara bhagavAn * mahAvIra ke samaya eka ghaTanA kA ullekha jaina zAstroM meM milatA hai ki indrabhUti gautama apane 5 bhAI aura 500 ziSyoM sahita bhagavAn mahAvIra se prativAda karane ke liye ahaMkAra ke sAtha AtA hai lekina mAnastambha ko dekhate hI usakA mada galita ho jAtA hai aura prativAda kA bhAva chor3akara/ samyaktva ko prApta kara / sampUrNa ziSyoM sahita jainezvarI dIkSA dhAraNa kara bhagavAn mahAvIra ke prathama gaNadhara pada ko prApta ho gayA arthAt isa mAnastambha

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Wan kI mahimA kitanI anUpama hai ki indrabhUti gautama kahAM to bhagavAn se lar3ane AyA thA aura kahAM bhagavAn kA prathama gaNadhara bana gayA / aisA yaha bhavya mAnastambha isa kSetra para nirmANa kiyA jA rahA hai / 6. talahaTI jinAlaya - isa jinAlaya meM vRtAkAra prathama maMjila para pravacana hAla rahegA / dUsarI maMjila para bhagavAn bAhubali, tIsarI para bharata aura cauthI para RSabhadeva bhagavAn kI pratimAyeM virAjamAna hoMgI / 7. 18 doSoM se rahita tIrthaGkara arihaMta bhagavAna ke dvArA upadeza dene kI sabhA ko samavazaraNa kahate haiM isakI racanA kubera dvArA hotI- deva, manuSya evaM tiryaJcoM kI 12 sabhAeM hotI hai / bhavya jIva hI isa samavazaraNa meM praveza karate haiM / aisA yaha bhavya jIvoM kA tAraNa hAra samavazaraNa bhI isa kSetra para sthApita kiyA jA rahA hai / | 8. saMtazAlA - kSetra hamezA se sAdhu santoM ke dharma dhyAna karane ke AvAsa sthAna rahe haiM / isa kSetra para bhI AcArya vidyAsAgarajI Adi mahArAja jaise mahAsanta saMgha ke sAtha bhaviSya meM yahAM virAjamAna hoMge evaM anya AcArya sAdhugaNa vandanArtha, sAdhanArtha virAjamAna raheMge / unakI sAdhanAnukUla santa vasatikA banAne kA nirNaya liyA gayA hai / 9. gauzAlA - vartamAna meM mAnava svArtha pUrNa hotA calA jA rahA hai / isI kAraNa se gAya, baila, bhaiMsa Adi jaba isake upayogI nahIM hote athavA dUdha denA banda kara dete haiM taba vyakti unakI sevA suzrusA nahIM karake unako kasAI athavA bUcar3akhAne meM bheja detA hai / aise AvArA pazuoM ko isa kSetra meM rakha kara unake jIvana ko akAla hatyA se/ maraNa se bacAyA jaavegaa| yaha kSetra samavazaraNa hai aura samavazaraNa meM eka sabhA tiryaJcoM kI hotI haiM / ataH yaha gauzAlA hai isa kSetra rUpI samavazaraNa meM eka sabhA ke rUpa meM pratiSThita hogI isa digambara jaina jJAnodaya tIrtha kSetra gauzAlA kA zilAnyAsa zrI bhairUsiMha zekhAvata, mukhya maMtrI rAjasthAna sarakAra dvArA kiyA gayA hai / 10. jJAnazAlA (vidyAlaya) - mAnavIya dRSTikoNa se vicArane para jIvana kA eka Avazyaka aMga AjIvikA bhI hai / isa AjIvikA ko kAryAnvita rUpa dene ke liye manuSya ko laukika va zAbdika jJAna kI bhI AvazyakatA

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Wan hai / isa dRSTikoNa se isa kSetra para vidyAlaya ko sthApita karane kA bhI yojanA hai / sAtha hI eka vizAla granthAlaya bhI sthApita kiyA jaayegaa| 17. bhAgyazAlA ( auSadhAlaya / cikitsAlaya ) jIva kA AdhAra zarIra hai aura zarIra bAharI vAtAvaraNoM se prabhAvita hokara jIva ko apane anukUla kriyA karane meM bAdhA utpanna karatA hai / taba zarIra meM AI huI vikratiyoM ko dUra karane ke liye auSadhi kI AvazyakatA hotI hai / ataH isa auSadhAyala / cikitsAlaya se asahAya garIboM ke liye niHzulka cikitsA karAne ke vikalpa se sthApanA kI jAvegI / 12. dharmazAlA kSetra kI vizAlatA ko dekhate huye aisA lagatA hai ki bhaviSya meM yaha eka laghu sammeda zikhara kA rUpa grahaNa karalegA / jisa prakAra digambara jaina siddha kSetra zrI sammeda zikharajI, mahAvIra jI atizaya kSetra Adi meM nirantara yAtrI Akara darzana pUjana Adi kA lAbha lete haiM usI prakAra isa kSetra meM bhI tIrtha yAtrI bahu saMkhyA meM Akara darzana pUjana kA lAbha leveNge| ataH unakI suvidhA ke liye 300 kamaroM kI dharmazAlA Adhunika suvidhAoM sahita banAne kA nirNaya liyA gayA hai / - 13. udAsIna Azrama Akara apane jIvana Azrama ke nirmANa karane kA nirNaya liyA gayA hai / - Zhu - apanI gRhasthI se virakta hokara loga isa kSetra para ko dharma sAdhanA meM lagA sakeM / ataH udAsIna 14. bAuNDrI dIvAla - sampUrNa kSetra ko surakSita karane ke lie 6 phuTa UMcI bAuNDrI dIvAla kI sarvaprathama AvazyakatA thI / pUjya muni zrI ke pravacanoM se prabhAvita hokara ajamera jile kI digambara jaina mahilAoM ne isa bAuNDrI ko banAne kA ArzIvAda prApta kiyA / 15. pahADI ke lie sIr3hI nirmANa ubar3a-khAbar3a utaGga pahAr3I para jAne ke lie sIr3hiyoM kI AvazyakatA thI / ajamera jile ke samasta digambara jaina yuvA varga ne isa sIr3hiyoM ko banAne kA pUjya muni zrI se ArzIvAda prApta kiyA / - - 16. anuSThAna vidhAna kSetra zuddhi hetu 28.6.95 se 30.6.95 taka samavazaraNa mahAmaMDala vidhAna kA Ayojana pUjya muni zrI sudhAsAgarajI mahArAja sasaMgha sAnidhya meM kiyA gayA / tadnantara muni zrI ke hI sasaMgha sAnidhya meM 1.12.95 se 10.12.95 taka sarvatobhadra mahAmaMDala vidhAna arddha- sahasra 5

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Wan indra indrANiyoM kI sambhAgitA meM mahat prabhAvanA ke sAtha sampanna huA / isI vidhAna ke antargata mUlanAyaka, trikAla caubIsI, naMdIzvara jinAlaya evaM mAnastambha kA zilAnyAsa kiyA gayA / isa mahotsava meM mAnanIya bhairosiMha zekhAvata mukhya maMtrI rAjasthAna sarakAra, zrI lalita kizora caturvedI zikSA evaM sArvajanika nirmANa rAjya maMtrI, zrI gaMgArAma caudharI rAjasva rAjya maMtrI, zrI kizana sonagarA khAdI evaM grAmodyoga rAjya maMtrI zrI sAvaMramala jATa rAjya maMtrI zrI mahAvIra prasAda jaina sacetaka rAjasthAna vidhAna sabhA, zrI oMkArasihaM lakhAvata adhyakSa nagara sudhAra nyAsa ajamera, sAMsada zrI rAsAsiMha rAvata sAMsada ajamera, zrI kizana moTavAnI vidhAyaka ajamera, zrI kailAza meghavAla gRha evaM khAna maMtrI rAjasthAna sarakAra, zrI pukharAja pahAr3iyA jilA pramukha ajamera, zrI devendra bhUSaNa guptA jilAdhIza ajamera, zrI vIrakumAra adhyakSa nagara pariSada, zrI aditi mehatA saMbhAgIya Ayukta ajamera kAMgresa (i) adhyakSa ajamera mANaka canda sogaanii| Adi prazAsanika adhikAriyoM ne isa dasa divasIya maMDala vidhAna meM apanA mahatIya yogadAna diyA hai / 17. sarakArI sahayoga - isa kSetra sthApanA ke pUrva 26.10.94 ko digambara jaina samiti (rajisTarDa) ajamera kA gaThana kara rAja. saMsthA rajisTrIkaraNa adhiniyama 1958 ke arntagata dinAMka 2.11.94 ko paMjIkRta karAyA gyaa| nagara sudhAra nyAsa ke adhyakSa oMkArasiMha lakhAvata evaM kAMgresa adhyakSa ajamera mANakacanda sogAnI ke vizeSa sahayoga se isa nArelI parvatIya sthala kA cayana kiyA gayA / taduparAnta mahArAja zrI ne isa sthala kA nIrakSaNa kara isa sthala ko pavitra kiyaa| samAja ke karmaTha kAryakartAoM, sthAnIya prazAsana evaM rAjasva rAjamaMtrI rAjasthAna ke vizeSa sahayoga se riyAyatI dara para yaha pahAr3I maidAna-digambara jaina samAja ko digambara jaina tIrtha kSetra sthApanA hetu sthAI rUpa se avaMTita kiyA gyaa| taduparAnta AciMTekTa zrI ummIdamala jaina evaM nirmala kumAra jaina ne kSetra ke yojanAoM sahita nakkSe taiyAra kiye / 10.12.95 ko mAnanIya bhairosiMha zekhAvata mukhya maMtrI rAjasthAna sarakAra evaM mAnanIya lalita kizora jI caturvedI zikSA evaM sArvajanika nirmANa maMtrI jI ne mena ror3a se pahAr3I ke Upara taka DAmbara roDa banAne kI ghoSaNA kI / sAsaMda zrI rAsAsiMha rAvata ne 3 TyUbavaile sarakArI stara para lagAne kI ghoSaNA kI / rAjasva rAjamaMtrI zrI gaMgArAma

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pana caudharI jI ne kSetra kI yojanAoM ko dekhate hue lagabhaga 200 bIghA jamIna * aura sarakAra se dilAne kI ghoSaNA kI jilAdhIza dvArA prazAsanika samasta kAryoM ko karane kI ghoSaNA kI / gauzAlA meM jilA pramukha dharma niSTha zrI pukharAja pahAr3iyA evaM prazAsana kA vizeSa sahayoga dene kI ghoSaNA kI gaI hai / gRha evaM khAna maMtrI jI zrI kailAza meghavAla ne pulisa caukI kI ghoSaNA kI / isa prakAra rAja netAoM dvArA isa navodita tIrtha kSetra ke vikAsa meM huI ghoSaNAeM kriyAnvita hone kI pratikSA kara rahI hai, mAnanIya mukhyamaMtrI zrI bhaiMrusiMhajI zekhAvata ne gauzAlA ko vizeSa suvidhAyukta banAne ke lie Ayukta zrImati aditi mehatA ko vizeSa nirdeSa diye / / 18. vizeSa sahayoga - pahADI AvaMTita hone ke bAda sabase bar3I samasyA thI ki pahAr3I ko samatala kaise kiyA jAye / lekina yaha kArya dharma niSTha Ara.ke.mArbalsa li. kizanagar3ha vAloM ne apanI mazIna dvArA pahAr3I taka kA kaccA mArga evaM pahADI kA samatalI karaNa lagabhaga Der3ha mAha ke andara karake kSetra evaM sacce deva zAstra guru ke prati saccI zraddhA vyakta kara asambhava kArya ko sambhava kara dikhAyA hai / pASANa-TaMkotakIrNa vAstu kalA - pASANa TaMkota-kIrNa vAstukalA vizeSa rUpa se prAyaH lupta sI ho cukI thI-lekina tIrtha kSetra jIrNoddhAraka evaM vAstukalA ke marmajJa digambara jaina muni zrI sudhAsAgarajI mahArAja kI dUra dRSTi ne usa khoI huI kalA ko khoja nikAlA, tathA usa jIrNazIrNa vAstukalA kA jIrNoddhAra kara isa saMskRti ko cira sthAI banAne ke lie upadeza diyA / munirAja ne apane upadezoM meM sad preraNA dI ki Ara.sI.sI. (R.C.C.) ke maMdira banAne se saMekRti dIrdhakAla taka surakSita nahIM raha sakegI kyoMki Ara.sI.sI. kI umra mAtra 100 varSoM kI hai / maMdiroM kA nirmANa sahasroM varSoM ko dhyAna meM rakha kara karanA cAhie / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki jaina pratiSThA pAThoM meM lohe ke prayoga ko prazasta nahIM kahA hai / guru kA yaha upadeza samAja ke hRdayoM ko chU gayA tathA patthara-cUnA ke maMdira banAne vAle zilpiyoM ko khojA gyaa| "jina khojA tina pAIyA gahare pAnI peTha-vAlI kahAvata caritArtha huI pariNAma svarupa zilpi upalabdha ho gaye samAja evaM samiti ne muni zrI sudhAsAgarajI mahArAja ke caraNoM meM zrI phala car3hAkara saMkalpa kiyA ki isa jJAnodaya tIrtha kSetra para (pahAr3I para) jitane bhI maMdira baneMge vaha sabhI khajurAho, delavAr3A, devagar3ha, raNakapura ke samAna kalApUrNa patthara ke hI baneMge / unameM lohe kA prayoga nahIM kiyA jAvegA arthAta vaha Ara.sI.sI. ke nahIM baneMge /

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PR OR jinAlayoM kA takSaNa kArya prArambha kara diyA gayA hai / pASANa TaMkota kIrNa vAstu kalA ko punarojjIvita karane vAlA bhArata varSa kA yaha anupama digambara tIrtha kSetra anokhA kIrtImAna sthApita karegA / svarNa avasara- Aiye hama sabake mahAn sAtizaya puNya ke udaya se jJAnodaya tIrtha meM aneka mAMgalika zubha yojanAoM ko kriyAnvita kiyA jA rahA hai| kitanA acchA avasaH hai ki uparokta yojanAoM ko ApakI jar3a sampadA dvArA sthApita karane kA / jar3a sampadA puNya ke udaya se AtI hai lekina jAne ke do dvAra hote haiM / eka pApa kAryoM ke dvArA aura dUsarI puNya kAryoM ke dvArA / bharata cakravartI ne bhI apane dhana kA sadupayoga karake kailAza parvata para 72 svarNamayI jinAlaya banavAye the arthAta cakrI ne bhI apanA dhana vyaya kiyA thA / aura eka rAvaNa thA jisane apane dhana kA durpayoga apane pApopabhoga karake mahaloM ko, laMkA ko svarNamaya banAkara naSTa kiyA thaa| donoM ke pariNAma Apa hama saba jAnate hai| eka cakravartI ne apane dhana kA sadupayoga jinAlaya banAne meM kiyA so vaha jinAlaya ke samAna pUjya jinendra deva ke pada ko prApta huA aura rAvaNa ne bhoga sAmagrI meM kiyA to use naraka kA vAsa milA / AIye- hama saba izvAku vaMzI bharata cakravartI ke vaMzaja haiN| hameM bhI paramparAnusAra apane dhana kA upabhoga jJAnodaya tIrtha kSetra meM banane vAle jinAlayoM meM karanA hai aura izvAku vaMza ke kula dIpaka banane kA gaurava prApta karanA hai / isa tIrtha kI samasta dhArmika yojanAyeM ati zIghra karane kA saMkalpa samAja ne liyA hai / ataH zIghra vicAriye, sociye evaM apane dAna kI ghoSaNA karake cakravartI ke vaMza ke banane kA gaurava prApta kriye| Apa saba ke sahayoga se hI yaha tIrtha bhArata meM digambara jaina saMskRti kI dhvajA ko phaharA sakegA aura ajamera jilA bhAratIya digambara jaina saMskRti meM apanA eka aitihAsika adhyAya jor3a sakegA / bhAratavarSa kA prathama bahuuddezIya navodita yaha jJAnodaya tIrtha kSetra aneka yojanAyeM apane garbha meM saMjoya hue hai / unhIM yojanAoM meM se pU. muni zrI sudhAsAgara jI ke ArzIvAda preraNA evaM sAnidhye meM "zrI digambara jaina jJAnodaya tIrtha kSetra granthAlaya" nAma se eka pustakAlaya zubhArambha kiyA gayA - isa kSetra se prasUta isa puSpa ke antargata jinavANI ke pracAra prasAra hetu granthoM ko prakAzana karAne ke kArya kA bhI zubhArambha kiyA jA rahA hai / . zrutadevatAya namaH ! prastuti : digambara jaina samiti (raji.) ajamera (rAja.) kailAzacanda pATanI, ajamera kAryAlaya : zrI digambara jaina jJAnodaya tIrtha kSetra nArelI-ajamera (rAja.) phona naM. 33663, vIra nirvANa saM. 2522 IsavI san-1996 O

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Wan Zhu samarpaNa - puSpa parama zradveya - paJcAcAra yukta ratnatraya ke saMsthApaka samAdhi- - samrATa zramaNa saMskRti ke unnAyaka - yuga pravartaka dharma prANa - cAritra cakravartI - mahAkavi - vItarAgI santa ziromaNi - mahAna dArzanika - tattvAnuveSI digambarAcArya 108 zrI vidyAsAgara jI mahArAja ke AjJAnuvartI suyogya ziSya dharma prabhAkara- Adarza caritra nAyaka jaina saMskRti ke rakSaka tapomUrtti ojasvI vaktA - prasanna mUrti sthironnata - svAdhInodArasAra priyavAcAmAyatana : sAdhucaritaniketana AdhyAtmikasaMta lokAzaya mArgataru - zrI zrI 108 muni zrI sudhAsAgarajI mahArAja ke kara kamaloM meM yaha kRti sAdara samarpita - puSpa 'caraNacaJcarIka DaoN. kailAzapati pANDeya Wan Wan

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kati-nidhi saubhAgya se mahAn santa kavi vANI bhUSaNa brahmacArI bhUrAmala zAstrI praNIta pUrNatayA anAlocita jayodaya mahAkAvya mujhe prApta huA / jise dekhakara mujhe pratIta huA ki vaidika yuga se prabhAvita hone vAlI pavitra jJAna mandAkinI apane anindya, anavadya, vapu ke dvArA bahatI huI laukika saMskRta sAhitya ke vividha vidhAoM ke rUpa meM jaina dharma ke prati mUrti bIsavIM sadI ke agragaNya kAvyAcArya AcArya jJAnasAgara meM samAyI huI hai / tataH lokavizruta vidvAn pUjya pitAmaha svargiya paM. zrI bhavAnIvadala pANDeya kI jaina dharma meM aTUTa zraddhA se samprerita hokara ukta mahAkAvya ko hI apanI pI.eca.DI. upAdhi hetu cunA, "jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana' viSaya para gorakhapura vizvavidyAlaya kI anumati se zodhakArya kiyA / "jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana" ko maiMne navalaghu adhyAyoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai jo prakRta grantha meM draSTavya haiM / yadyapi mahAn dArzanika jainAcArya AcArya zrI jJAnasAgara jI mahArAja kI samasta kRtiyoM para kArya na kara sakane kA mujhe hArdika kleza hai tathApi saMskRtaniSTha janoM ke samakSa prastuta zodha prabandha ko samarpita karate hue itanA to santoSa hai hI ki isake mAdhyama se saMskRta jagata meM eka aura kavi aura usakI racanA ko logoM ke samakSa lAne ke zreya kA anAyAsa hI bhAgI bana gayA huuN| nirantara jJAna kI ArAdhanA meM saMlagna pujya pitAmaha svargiya paM. zrI bhavAnIvadala pANDeya ke prati maiM praNata hU~ jinake caraNoM meM baiThakara maiMne jayodaya mahAkAvya kA adhyayana kiyA / sAtha hI sAtha pitAmahI svargIyA zrImatI jiudyA devI ke caraNoM meM zirasA namana hai, jinakI mamatAmayI chA~va pAkara adhyayana saphala huA / ___ jayodaya mahAkAvya grantha kA sahayoga pradAna karane vAle tatkAlIna rIDara svargiya DaoN. rAmaavadha pANDeya kAzI hindU vizvavidhAlaya ke prati zraddhAnaMta

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guruvara DaoN. dazaratha dvivedI prAdhyApaka gorakhapura vizvavidyAlaya ke prati maiM atyanta zraddhAnata hU~ jinake satata mArga darzana, protsAhana se zodhakArya bar3I hI sahajatA se pUrNa huA / . gorakSanAtha saMskRta vidhApITha ke sAhitya vibhAgAdhyakSa zraddheya AcArya zrI candrazekhara mizra kA maiM AjIvana AbhArI hU~ jinhoMne samaya-samaya para satparAmarza tathA sAmagrI saMkalana meM yatheSTha sahAyatA pradAna kI / pUjya pitA zrI rAmakiMkara pANDeya evaM pUjanIyA mAtA zrImatI rAdhikA pANDeya se prApta sahayoga kA lekhaka AjIvana RNI hai| mere anuja zrI girijApati pANDeya lekhana kArya meM mujhe yathAvasara sahayoga dete rahe, inake prati merA hArdika dhnyvaad| grantha prakAzana meM jinase sahayoga prApta huA unake prati merI hArdika kRtajJatA jJApita hai| jayodaya mahAkAvya ke praNetA amarakavi AcArya jJAnasAgara jI ke priya ziSya pujya zrI 108 AcArya vidyAsAgara jI mahArAja evaM unake suyogya ziSya muni zrI 108 sudhAsAgarajI mahArAja jinheM yaha grantha samarpita kiyA gayA hai, ke bharapUra AzIrvAda kA pariNAma hai- prakRta grantha "jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana" jina munivara ke ahaitu kI kRpA se yaha kRti Aja Apake hAtha meM hai, unake. jJAna, dhyAna, aura tapomaya jIvana ko merI sArI zraddhA aura bhakti samarpita hai / . ___muni caraNa caJcarIka ! .. - DaoN. kailAzapati pANDeya

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parasparopagraho jIvAnAm Namo arihntaannN| - - Namo siddhaannN| Namo aayriyaannN| Namo uvjjhaayaannN| Namo loesavvasAhUNaM //

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1. viSayAnukramaNikA 27-55 * pRSTha bhUmikA prathama adhyAya 'jayodaya mahAkAvya' kA kavi, usakA janma sthAna, samaya, kRtitva evaM vyakiktava 1-26 dvitIya adhyAya 'jayodaya mahAkAvya' kI kathAvastu, kathA vibhAga, srota evaM aitihAsikatA tRtIya adhyAya saMskRta sAhitya meM mahAkAvyoM kI paramparA, jayodaya kA mahAkAvya, mahAkAvyoM kI paramparA meM jayodaya kA sthAna tathA jayodaya evaM pUrvavartI mahAkAvya 56-76 caturtha adhyAya 'jayodaya mahAkAvya meM rasa evaM bhAva vimarza 77-110 paMcama adhyAya 'jayodaya mahAkAvya' meM alaGkAra niveza 111-157 SaSTha adhyAya . 'jayodaya mahAkAvya' meM guNa, rIti evaM dhvani vivecana 158-184 | saptama adhyAya 'jayodaya mahAkAvya' meM aucitya evaM katipaya doSa 185-220 aSTama adhyAya 'jayodaya mahAkAvya' meM chandoyojanA 221-241 navama adhyAya upasaMhAra 242-271 pariziSTa (1) 'jayodaya mahAkAvya' meM prastuta sthAna, pAtra, dArzanika zabda samUha evaM lalita sUktiyA~ (2) sahAyaka granthoM kI sUcI 000 -

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bhUmikA ema. e. pAsa. karane ke bAda jaba maiMne apane paramapUjya guruvara DaoN. rAmaavadha pANDeya rIDara kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI se zodha kArya karane kI abhilASA vyakta kI unhoMne pUrNatayA anAlocita vANIbhUSaNa brahmacArI bhUrAmala zAstrI jI (AcArya zrI jJAnasAgara jI) viracita jayodaya mahAkAvya kI samIkSA karane ke liye sujhAva diyA / itanA hI nahIM Apane anupalabdha isa grantha kI mUla prati bhI dekara mujhe AjIvana RNI banA diyaa| tataH isa grantha para zodha karane kI jijJAsA guru DaoN. atula candra banarjI, adhyakSa saMskRta vibhAga gorakhapura vizvavidyAlaya, gorakhapura se kI to unhoMne bhI isakI samIkSA ke liye saharSa svIkRti pradAna kara dI / anantara maiMne isa kAvya tathA sambandhita sAhitya kA gambhIra parizIlana prArambha kara diyA / anuvAda, TIkA, TippaNI vihIna mUla mAtra kAvya ke adhyayanArtha mujhe bar3I kaThinAIyAM huI / satata prayAsa ke bAda saubhAgya se mujhe 'jayodaya mahAkAvya' kA pUrvArdha kavikRta svopajJa saMskRta TIkA evaM hindI anuvAda sameta upalabdha ho gayA jo zrI jJAnasAgara grantha mAlA vyAvara (rAjasthAna) se prakAzita huA thA / isake prakAzaka paM. prakAza candra jaina haiM / isa pUrvArdha bhAgameM teraha sarga mAtra haiM / isake upalabdha ho jAne se mere adhyayana meM vizeSa suvidhA huii| kAvya ke zeSa aMzo kA maiMne apane pUjya pitAmaha paM. zrI bhavAnI badala pANDeya jI se adhyayana kiyaa| vaise isa mahAkAvya kI kliSTatA se antarA-antarA mujhe bar3I nirAzA hotI thI kintu nirdezaka guruvara DaoN. dazaratha dvivedI jI se mujhe vizeSa sambala milatA rhaa| "jayodaya mahAkAvya" aTThAIsa sarga kA eka vizAla evaM uttama mahAkAvya hai, jisameM mahAkAvya ke samagra lakSaNa nihita haiM / maiMne isa kAvya kI naikazaH AvRtti kI nirantara kArya karatA rahA, jisakA pariNAma hai, prastuta zodha-prabandha, "jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana" isa adhyayana ko maiMne nava laghu adhyAyoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai, jisakA saMkSipta vivecana isa prakAra hai - . prathama adhyAya meM maiMne jayodaya mahAkAvya ke kavi bhUrAmala jI (a. zrI jJAnasAgara jI) ke janma, samaya, sthAna, kRtitva evaM vyaktina para

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saMkSepa meM vicAra kiyA hai / , dvitIya adhyAya meM maiMne jayodaya mahAkAvya kI kathAvastu, usakA vibhAga, srota evaM aitihAsikatA para prakAza DAlA hai / tRtIya adhyAya meM mahAkAvya ke lakSaNa ko lekara jayodaya mahAkAvya ke mahAkAvyatva ko siddha karane kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai / yahIM para mahAkAvyoM kI paramparA meM jayodaya kA sthAna nirdhArita karate hue isa mahAkAvya para pUrvavartI mahAkAvyoM kI chAyA para dRSTipAta kiyA gayA hai / caturtha adhyAya meM rasa kA kAvya zAstrIya svarUpa prastuta karate hue abhISTa kAvya meM vibhinna rasoM kI sthiti para paricarcA kI gayI hai / paMcama adhyAya meM alaGkAra zAstra kA sAmAnya paricaya dekara prakRta mahAkAvya meM Aye hue alaGkAroM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai / SaSTha adhyAya meM dhvani, guNa aura rIti para kramazaH vicAra kiyA gayA saptama adhyAya meM aucitya kA vivecana karate hue prakRta mahAkAvya ke katipaya doSoM para bhI dRSTipAta kiyA gayA hai / aSTama adhyAya meM chandaH zAstra kA sAmAnya paricaya dekara jayodaya ke chandoyojanA para vicAra kiyA gayA hai / navama adhyAya meM upacAra vaza upasaMhAra bhI jur3A huA hai / anantara pariziSTa khaNDa eka meM jayodaya mahAkAvya meM prastuta sthAna, pAtra, dArzanika zabdasamUha kA vivecana karate hue jayodayagata lalita sUktiyoM ko bhI prastuta kiyA gayA hai| pariziSTa khaNDa do meM sahAyaka granthoM kI sUcI dI gayI hai ___ apanI amUlya kRtiyoM se saMskRta sAhitya ko samRddha karane vAle svargIya AcArya 108 zrI jJAnasAgarajI mahArAja kI samasta kRtiyoM para kArya nahIM kara sakA, isakA mujhe hArdika kleza hai tathApi saMskRtaniSTha janoM ke samakSa prastuta zodha prabandha ko samarpita karate hue itanA to santoSa hai hI ki isake mAdhyama se saMskRta jagat meM eka aura kavi aura usakI racanA ko logoM ke samakSa lAne ke. zreya kA anAyAsa hI bhAgI bana gayA hU~ / jayodaya mahAkAvya para zodha kArya karane kI anumati evaM grantha kA sahayoga pradAna karane vAle guruvara, DaoN. rAma avadha pANDeya jI kA maiM AjIvana

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2 RNI hU~ / prakRta viSaya para zodha karane kI jijJAsA ko pUrNa karane vAle guru DaoN. atula candra banarjI kA maiM hRdaya se AbhArI hU~, jinakI preraNA se hI maiM kArya sampanna kara sakA / gorakhapura vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRta vibhAga ke prAdhyApaka guruvara DaoN. dazaratha dvivedI ke nirdezana meM isa kArya ko sampanna karane kA saubhAgya prApta huA / mujha jaisA anabhyasta zodhArthI bhI jo uDupa dvArA isa dustara sAgara kA santaraNa kara sakA vaha ApakI hI preraNA, protsAhana aura satata mArgadarzana kA pariNAma hai / guruvara DaoN. zrI dvivedI ke pAsa svaccha dRSTi, adbhUta kArya niSThA ke sAtha-sAtha vAtsalyapUrNa hRdaya bhI hai, ziSya hone ke kAraNa lekhaka usakA sahaja adhikArI rahA hai / saMskRta vibhAga ke anya gurujanoM ke prati bhI maiM atyanta zraddhAnata hU~, jinakI zubhAzaMsA se yaha kArya pUrNa ho skaa| zodha hetu hara sambhava sahayoga pradAna karane vAle pUjya pitAmaha paM. zrI bhavAnI badala pANDeya jI ke prati zraddhA se nata hotA hU~ jinhoMne apanI jarjara avasthA meM bhI isa grantha ko par3hAyA / gorakSanAtha saMskRta vidyA pITha ke sAhitya vibhAgAdhyakSa zraddheya AcArya zrI candrazekhara mizra jI ke samaya-samaya para satparAmarza milane ke sAtha-sAtha sAmagrI-saMkalana aura usake vivecana meM nirantara yatheSTha sahAyatA milatI rahI usakA maiM AjIvana AbhArI hU~ / jayodaya mahAkAvya ke amara kavi zrI bhUrAmala jI zAstrI ke viSaya meM unake priya ziSya zrI vidyAsAgara jI mahArAja se mujhe saMbhava jAnakArI prApta huI hI unakA bharapUra ArzIvAda bhI milA / tadartha maiM unake prati satata RddhAvanata hU~ / samaya-samaya para jina anya aneka mahAnubhAvoM se sahAyatA prApta hotI rahI hai, lekhaka una sabake prati bhI hRdaya se kRtajJa hai / prastutakartA kailAzapati pANDeya D

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saM. za. kau. zata. brA. (saMketa sUcI saMskRta zabdArtha kaustubha zatapatha brAhmaNa draSTavya chAndogya upaniSad chA. u. nirukta po kA. pra. pA. sa. bA. rA. mahA. A. pa. kA. mI. a. kA. sR. vR. ci. mI. vakro. jI. dhva. kAvyA. zA. ekA. pra. rU. bhU. alaM. pra. alaM. ti. da. pari. alaM ze. rasa. gaM. sAhitya darpaNa kAvya prakAza pANinI sUtra bAlmIki rAmAyaNa mahAbhArata Adi parva kAvya mImAMsA adhikaraNa kAvyalaGkAra sUtra vRtti citra mImAMsA vakrokti jIvita zrRMGgAra prakAza dhvanyAloka kAvyAnuzAsana ekAvalI pratAparUdrayazI bhUSaNa alaMkAra prakaraNa alaGkAra tilaka dazama pariccheda alaGkAra zekhara rasa gaGgAdhara pRSTha jayodaya mahAkAvya nATya zAstra bAla rAmAyaNa alaGkAra sarvasva caukhambA saMskRta sIrIja daza rUpaka amara koza agni purANa rudraTa kAvyAlaGkAra naiSadha mahAkAvya ja. ma. nA. zA. bAla. rA. alaM. sa. cauM. saM. sI. a. ko. a. pu. rudraTa kAvyA.

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au. vi. ca. kA. utta. suvR. ti. pra. uccha. nava. sA. ca. vikra. de. ca. paM. saM. kha. ratnA . a. cha. ma. dvi. sta. paM. sta. kA. pu. ma. smR. A. pu. bhA. hari. pu. sama. sU. a. ci. ma. ko. pra. a. kA. A. sa. kaNThA . vya. vi. u. zrImadbhA. pu. mA. pu. kU. pu. vA. mahA. brahmA. pu. pu. anu. vA. pu. liGga pu. vi. pu. dvi. jI. sa. pra. adhi. gA. raghu. ma. aucitya vicAra carcA kArikA pUrvArdha uttarArdha suvRta tilaka prastAvanA ucchavAsa navasAhasAGka carita vikramAGka deva carita paJca saMgraha vRtta ratnAkara adhyAya chandomaJjarI dvitIya stabaka paJca stabaka kAlikA purANa manu smRti Adi purANa bhAga harivaMza purANa samavayAGga sUtra abhidhAna cintA maNi koza prathama adhyAya kAvyAdarza sarasvatI kaNThAbharaNa vyakti viveka ullAsa zrImadbhAgavata purANa mArkaNDeya purANa kUrma purANa vAyu mahApurANa brahmANDa purANa pUrvArdha anuSaGgapAda vArAha purANa liGga purANa viSNu purANa dvitIyAMza jIvasamAsa prathama adhikaraNa gAthA raghuvaMza mahAkAvya = ___ - 000 .

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2058883 8628233665800238 prakAzakIya * ciraMtana kAla se bhArata mAnava samAja ke liye mUlyavAna vicAroM kI khAna banA huA hai| isa bhUmi se prakaTa AtmavidyA evaM tatva jJAna meM sampUrNa vizva kA nava udAtta dRSTi pradAna kara use patanomukhI hone se bacAyA hai / isa deza se eka ke bAda eka prANavAna pravAha prakaTa hote rahe / isa praNAvAna bahUlamanya pravAhoM kI gati kI aviralatA | meM jainAcAryoM kA mahAna yogadAna rahA hai / unnIsavIM zatAbdI meM pAzcAtya vidvAnoM dvArA vizva kI Adima sabhyatA aura saMskRti ke jAnane ke upakrama meM prAcIna bhAratIya sAhitya kI vyApaka khojabIna evaM gahana adhyanAdi kArya sampAdika kiye gaye / bIsavIM zatAbdI ke Arambha taka prAcyavAGmaya kI zodha, khoja va adhyayana anuzIlanAdi meM aneka jainaajaina vidvAna bhI agraNI hue / phalataH isa zatAbdI ke madhya taka jainAcArya viracita aneka aMdhakArAcchAdika mUlyavAna grantharatna prakAza meM Aye / ina gahanIya granthoM meM mAnava jIvana kI yugIna samasyAoM ko sulajhAne kA apUrva sAmarthya hai / vidvAnoM ke zodha anusaMdhAna-anuzIlana kAryoM ko prakAza meM lAne hetu aneka sAhityika saMsthAe udita | bhI huI, saMskRta, hindI, aMgrejI, gujarAtI Adi bhASAoM meM sAhitya sAgara avagAhanarata aneka vidvavAnoM dvArA navasAhitya bhI sRjita huA hai, kintu jainAcArya-viracita vipula sAhitya ke sakala granthoM ke prakAzanArtha/anuzIlanArtha ukta prayAsa paryApta nahIM haiM / sakala jaina vAGmaya ke adhikAMza grantha aba bhI aprakAzita haiM, jo prakAzita bhI ho to sodhArthiyoM ko bahuparizramoparAnta bhI prApta nahIM ho pAte haiM / aura bhI aneka bAdhAyeM/samasyAeM jaina granthoM ke zodha-anusandhAna-prakAzana ke mArga meM hai, ataH samasyAoM ke samAdhAna ke sAtha-sAtha vividha saMsthAoM-upakramoM ke mAdhyama se samekita prayAsoM kI AvazyakatA | eka lambe samaya se vidvAnoM dvArA mahasUsa kI jA rahI thii| rAjasthAna prAnta ke mahAkavi bra. bhalAmala zAstrI (A. jJAnasAgara mahArAja) kI janmasthalI evaM karma sthalI rahI hai / mahAkavi ne cAra-cAra mahAkAvyoM ke praNayana ke sAtha hindI saMskRta meM jaina darzana siddhAnta evaM adhyAtma ke lagabhaga 24 granthoM kI racanA karake avaruddha jaina sAhitya-bhAgIrathI ke pravAha ko pravartita kiyA / yaha eka vicitra saMyoga kahA jAnA cAhiye ki rasasiddha kavi kI kAvyarasa dhArA kA pravAha rAjasthAna kI marudharA se haA / isI rAjasthAna ke bhAgya se zramaNa paramparonnAyaka santaziromaNi AcArya vidyAsAgara jI mahArAja ke suziSya jinavANI ke yarthAtha udghoSaka, aneka aitihAsika upakramoM ke samartha sUtradhAra, adhyAtmayogI yuvAmanISI pU. munipuMgava sudhAsAgara jI mahArAja kA yahA~ padArpaNa haa| rAjasthAna kI dharA para rAjasthAna ke amara sAhityakAra ke samagrakatitva para eka akhila bhAratIya vidata/saMgoSThI sAgAnera meM dinAMka 9 jana se 11 jUna, 1994 tathA ajamera nagara meM mahAkavi kI mahanIya kRti "vIrodaya" mahAkAvya para akhila bhAratIya vidvat saMgoSThI dinAMka 13 se 15 akTUbara 1994 taka Ayojita huI va isI suavasara para di. jaina samAja, ajamera ne AcArya jJAnasAgara ke sampUrNa 24 grantha munizrI ke 1994 ke cArtumAsa ke daurAna prakAzita kara/lokArpaNa kara abhUtapUrva aitihAsika kAma karake zruta kI mahat prabhAvanA kI / pU. muni zrI sAnidhya meM Ayojita ina saMgoSThiyoM meM mahAkavi ke kRtitva para anuzIlanAtmaka-AlocanAtmaka, zodhapatroM ke vAcana sahita vidvAnoM dvArA jaina sAhitya ke zodha kSetra meM Agata aneka samasyAoM para cintA vyakta kI gaI tathA zodha chAtroM ko chAtravRtti pradAna karane, zodhArthiyoM ko zodha viSaya sAmagrI upalabdha karAne, jJAnasAgara vAGmaya sahita sakala jaina

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// vidyA para prakhyAta adhikArI vidvAnoM dvArA nibandha lekhana-prakAzanAdi ke vidvAnoM dvArA prastAva Aye / isake ananta mAsa 22 se 24 janavarI taka 1995 meM byAvara (rAja.) meM munizrI ke saMgha sAnidhya meM Ayojita "AcArya jJAnasAgara rASTrIya saMgoSThI" meM pUrva prastAvoM ke kriyAnvana kI joradAra mAMga kI gaI tathA rAjasthAna ke amara sAhityakAra, siddhasArasvata mahAkavi bra. bhUrAmala jI kI sTecyU sthApanA para bhI bala diyA gayA, vidvat goSThiI meM ukta kAryoM ke saMyojanArtha DaoN. ramezacanda jaina bijanaura aura mujhe saMyojaka cunA gayA / munizrI ke AzISa se byAvara nagara ke aneka udAra dAtAroM ne ukta kAryoM | hetu mukta hRdaya se sahayoga pradAna karane ke bhAva vyakta kiye| pU. munizrI ke maMgala AziSa se dinAMka 18.3.95 ko trailokya mahAmaNDala vidhAna | ke zubhaprasaMga para seTha campAlAla rAmasvarUpa kI nasiyA~ meM jayodaya mahAkAvya (2 khaNDoM | meM) ke prakAzana saujanya pradAtA Ara. ke. mArbalsa kizanagar3ha ke ratanalAla kaMvarIlAla pATanI zrI azoka kumAra jI evaM jilA pramukha zrImAn pukharAja pahAr3iyA, pIsAMgana ke karakamaloM dvArA isa saMsthA kA zrIgaNeza AcArya jJAnasAgara vAgartha vimarza kendra ke nAma se kiyA gayA / AcArya jJAnasAgara vAgartha vimarza kendra ke mAdhyama se jainAcArya praNIta granthoM ke sAtha jaina saMskRti ke pratipAdaka granthoM kA prakAzana kiyA jAvegA evaM AcArya jJAnasAgara vAGmaya kA vyApaka mUlyAMkana-samIkSA-anuzIlanAdi kArya karAye jAyeMge / kendra dvArA jaina vidyA para zodha karane vAle zodhArthI chAtra hetu 10 chAtravRttiyoM kI bhI vyavasthA kI jA rahI hai| kendra kA artha prabandha samAja ke udAra dAtAroM ke sahayoga se kiyA jA rahA hai / kendra kA kAryAlaya seTha campAlAla rAmasvarUpa kI nasiyA~ meM prArambha kiyA jA cukA hai / samprati 10 vidvAnoM kI vividha viSayoM para zodha nibandha likhane hetu prastAva bheje gaye, prasannatA kA viSaya hai 25 vidvAna apanI svIkRti pradAna kara cuke haiM tathA kendra ne sthApanA ke prathama mAsa meM hI nimna pustakeM prakAzita kI - prathama puSpa - itihAsa ke panne - AcArya jJAnasAgara jI dvArA racita dvitIya puSpa - hita sampAdaka - AcArya jJAnasAgara jI dvArA racita tRtIya puSpa - tIrtha pravartaka - munizrI sudhAsAgarajI mahArAja ke pravacanoM kA saMkalana | caturtha puSpa - jaina rAjanaitika cintana dhArA - DaoN. zrImati vijayalakSmI jaina paMcama puSpa - aJjanA pavanaMjayanATakam - DaoN. ramezacanda jaina, bijanaura SaSTama puSpa - jainadarzana meM ratnatraya kA svarUpa - DaoN. narendrakumAra dvArA likhita saptama puSpa - bauddha darzana para zAstrIya samikSA - DaoN. ramezacandra jaina, bijanaura aSTama puSpa - jaina rAjanaitika cintana dhArA - DaoN. zrImati vijayalakSmI jaina navama puSpa - Adi brahmA RSabhadeva - baisTira campatarAya jaina dazama puSpa - mAnava dharma - paM. bhUrAmalajI zAstrI (AcArya jJAnasAgarajI) ekAdazaM puSpa - nItivAkyAmRta - zrImatsomadevasUri-viracita dvAdazam puSpa - jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana - DaoN. kailAzapati pANDeya dvArA likhita yaha zodha grantha prakAzita kiyA jA rahA hai / bRhadvayI ke itihAsa meM apanI kAvya kauzala kI mahimA ke mAdhyama se jayodaya mahAkAvya ne uccAsana prApta karake bRhadvayI ko bRhada catuSTayI ke rupa meM parivartita karane kA gaurava prApta

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Wan Wan kiyA hai| kizanagar3ha madanagaMja (rAja.) meM jayodaya mahAkAvya rASTrIya saMgoSThI ke daurAna bRhadatrayI meM jayodaya mahAkAvya ko jor3akara vRhad catuSTayI kI zatAdhika vidvAnoM ne ghoSaNA kara prastAva pAsa kiyA hai / arthAt zizupAla vadha, kirAtArjunIyaM, evaM naiSadhIya caritra yaha tInoM sAhitya jagata meM pramukha mahAkAvya mAne jAte haiM rahe haiN| lekina vidvAnoM ne jaba jayodaya mahAkAvya ko par3hA to anubhava kiyA ki isa mahAkAvya meM uparokta tInoM mahAkAvyoM kI apekSA kaI gunA adhika kAvya kauzala pragaTa hotA hai / bArahavIM zatAbdI ke bAda yaha prathama mahAkAvya hai jo vRhadyI ke samakakSa mAnA gayA hai / aise mahAna mahAkAvya para DaoN. pANDeya ne san 1981 meM yaha zodha kArya kara kiyA thA / Apake pitA zrI ne jayodaya mahAkAvya kI (mUla zloka mAtra jisameM prakAzita the) mUla prati ko par3hakara apane putra kailAzapati pANDeya jI ko isa para zodha kArya karane ko khaa| Apa brAhmaNa kulIna hokara bhI jaina mahAkavi kI kRti para zodha kArya karane kA jo sAhasa kiyA hai isakI sAhitya jagata yugoM-yugoM taka prazaMsA karatA rahegA / Apane sampradAya nirapekSatA kA Adarza prastuta karake vidvAnoM ko satarka kiyA hai ki sAhityika kRti kA mUlyAMkana karate samaya sAmprAdAyika vidveSa nahIM rakhanA cAhiye / pANDeya jI ke hRdaya meM vedanA thI ki sAhitya jagata kI anupama kRti ko vidvAna sampradAya vidveSatAoM ke kAraNa upekSA kara rahe haiM / isa asahanIya vedavA kI samvedanA se prerita hokara isa mahAkAvya ko apane zodha kA viSaya banAkara Age Ane vAle zodharthIyoM ke lie adarzatA pragaTa kI hai / yaha grantha abhI taka aprakAzita thA / mahAkavi A. jJAnasAgara jI ke sAhitya se sAhitya jagata ko paricaya karAkara uccAsana prApta karAne vAle, sAhitya premI, abhIkSNa jJAnopogI munipuGgava muni zrI sudhAsAgarajI mahArAja ko jaba yaha jJAta huA ki jayodaya mahAkAvya para sarvaprathama kiyA gayA zodha kArya abhI taka aprakAzita hai / taba pANDeya jI ko bulAkara unase isa zodha kArya ko karate samaya anukUlatAoM evaM pratikUlatAoM sambandhI saMsmaraNa AtmIyatA ke sAtha sune tathA isa zodha grantha ko kendra se prakAzita karAne kA bhI AzIrvAda pradAna kiyA / hamArA kendra isa zodha grantha ko prakAzita karake apane Apako gaurAnvita anubhava karatA hai, isa zodha grantha ne sAhitya jagata ke itihAsa meM cirasthAI sthAna prApta kara liyA hai / - sAhitya pipAsu isa zodha grantha ko pAkara nizcita rUpa se mahAkavi ke kAvya kauzala ko samajhege isI bhAvanA ke sAtha aruNakumAra zAstrI byAvara bRhad-catuSTayI jayodaya mahAkAvya rASTriya vidvatsaMgoSThI (dinAMka 29.9.95 se 3.10.95 ) madanagaMjakizanagar3ha meM deza ke vividha bhAgoM se samAgata hama saba sAhityAdhyetA mahAkAvya ke anuzIlana niSkarSoM para sAmUhita kAvyazAstrIya vicAroparAnta vANIbhUSaNa mahAkavi bhUrAmala zAstrI dvArA praNIta jayodaya mahAkAvya ko saMskRta sAhityetihAsa meM bRhattrayI saMjJita zizupAlavadha, kirAtArjunIya evaM naiSadhIyacarita mahAkAvya ke samakakSa pAte haiN| ataH hama saba bRhattrayI saMjJita tInoM mahAkAvyoM ke sAtha jayodaya mahAkAvya ko sammilita kara bRhaccatuSTayI ke abhidhAna se saMjJita karate haiM / Zhu

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phra hama vidvajjagat se yaha anurodha karate haiM ki ukta cAroM mahAkAvyoM ko bRhaccatuSTayI saMjJA se abhihita kareMge / ka 12. aut. Per Il you. arv * badama 5. ArAdhanA jaina STO an mIna manoja jaina mAhiSa dhaH amRta h() -namelI ke bhopAla malA jana sudhA X bibyo premacanda juna jlomla 3portness Shinzmala 1. DaoN. premasumana jaina, udayapura baAyalI jana (phayAja ala dh phukuul 2. DaoN. nalina ke zAstrI, bodhagayA 3. DaoN. ajitakumAra jaina, AgarA 4. DaoN. azoka kumAra jaina, lADnUM 5. DaoN. phUlacanda jaina, vArANasI 6. DaoN. surezacanda jaina, vArANasI 7. DaoN. dayAcanda sAhityAcArya, sAgara 8. paM. amRtalAla zAstrI, damoha 9. zrImatI camelI devI, bhopAla 10. DaoN. (ku.) ArAdhanA jaina, bAsaudA 11. DaoN. (ku.) suSamA, mujaphpharanagara 12. DaoN. munnIdevI jaina, vArANasI 13. DaoN. manoramA jaina, vArANasI 14. DaoN. jyoti jaina, khataulI 15. DaoN. urmilA jaina, bar3auta 16. DaoN. sudhA jaina, lADanUM 17. DaoN. narendrakumAra jaina, sanAvada 18. DaoN. surendra kumAra jaina, burahAnapura 19. DaoN. oma prakAza jaina, kizanagar3ha 20. DaoN. saroja jaina, bInA 21. DaoN. premacanda jaina nAjIbAbAda 22. pro. kamalakumAra jaina, bInA 23. pro. abhayakumAra jaina, bInA 24. DaoN. sanatakumAra jaina, jayapura udyaca kamaleza tty tzheshr-rdzu- zwltau supATe kinna Kommer amala kumAra' d pa 2017 239 zrIsiio THORSYRE!" S 'g m-p- idDe (sh aromat *vavzvab Dever pi h vijayara prakAza cana OM premacanda saMkA Bang Pa/yA yee prati sthAnika na V(N-C.Jain) 3. 1. zrImatI mAlatI jaina, byAvara 2. DaoN. phayyAja alI khA~, kizanagar3ha DaoN. kastUracanda sumana, zrImahAvIrajI 4. paM. jJAnacanda bilTIvAlA, jayapura 5. DaoN. nandalAla jaina, rIvA 6. DaoN. kapUracanda jaina, khataulI 7. DaoN. udayacanda jaina, udayapura 8. DaoN. kamaleza jaina, vArANasI 9. paM. vijayakumAra zAstrI, zrImahAvIrajI 10. DaoN. supArzvakumAra jaina, bar3auta 11. DaoN. zrIkAnta pANDeya, bar3auta 12. DaoN. jayantakumAra lAr3aM 13. DaoN. nemicanda jaina, khuraI 14. DaoN. abhayaprakAza jaina, gvAliyara 1. DaoN. jayakumAra jaina, mujphpharanagara 2. DaoN. gautama paTela, amahadAbAda 3. DaoN. ramezacanda jaina, bijanaura 4. DaoN. zItalacanda zAstrI, jayapura 5. DaoN. zrIraMjana sUrideva, paTanA 6. DaoN. vaziSTha nArAyaNa sinhA, vArANasI 7. paM. zivacaraNalAla mainapurI 8. DaoN. ratanacandajaina, bhopAla 9. zrI devendrakumAra jaina, gvAliyara 10. DaoN. kastUracanda kAsalIvAla, jayapura 11.paM. aruNakumAra jaina, byAvara 12. DaoN. kamalezakumAra jaina, vArANasI 13. paM. mUlacanda luhAr3iyA, kizanagar3ha 14. DaoN. sudarzanalAla jaina, vArANasI 15. DaoN. vijaya kulazreSTha, udayapura 16. DaoN. prakAzacanda jaina, dillI 17. DA. premacanda rAMvakA, bIkAnera 18. pro. vimalakumAra jaina, jayapura 19. pro. vimalakumAra jaina, jayapura 20. prAcArya nihAlacanda jaina, bInA 21. zrImatI krAnti jaina, lADanUM Zhu

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. : . prathama - adhyAya 'jayodaya mahAkAvya' kA kavi, usakA janma sthAna, samaya, kRtitva evaM vyaktitva

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svargIya AcArya zrI jJAnasAgara jI (bhUrAmalajI zAstrI) kA kRtitva evaM vyaktitva jayodaya mahAkAvya tathA anya aneka granthoM ke nirmAtA paNDita zrI bhUrAmala jI zAstrI ne vi. saM. 1948 meM rAjasthAna pradeza meM jayapura ke sannikaTa rANolI grAma ko apane janma se alaMkRta kiyA thA / khaNDelavAla jaina kulotpanna chAvar3A gotriya seTha sukhadeva jI unake pitAmaha the / pitA ka nAma zrI caturbhuja jI evaM mAtA ghRtavarI devI thIM' / ye pA~ca bhAI the jo kramazaH chaganalAla, bhUrAmala, gaMgA prasAda, gaurIlAla aura devIdatta nAma se vikhyAta haiM / pitA kA dehAvasAna vikrama samvat 1959 meM huaa| pitRdehAvasAna kAla meM usa samaya jyeSTha bhrAtA chaganalAla kI Ayu 12 varSa kI thI evaM kaniSTha paMcama bhrAtA devIdatta kA janma pitA kI mRtyu ke pazcAt huA / pitA ke akAla kAla kavalita hone se pArivArika jIvana ke vahana karane meM astavyastatA adhika bar3ha gayI / usa samaya bhUrAmala kI Ayu dasa varSa kI thI / agrima zikSA meM sAdhana kI vikalatA hone se eka varSa pazcAt apane jyeSTha bhrAtA ke sAtha gayA cale gaye evaM jainI seTha kI dukAna para jIvana nirvAhArtha kArya sIkhane lage / kucha dinoM ke bAda syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya vArANasI meM kisI mahotsava meM bhAga lene ke liye eka chAtra A rahA thaa| usI ke sAtha bhUrAmala jI bhI adhyayana kI bhAvanA ko lekara apane bhAI kI AjJA lekara vArANasI cale Aye / usa samaya ye paMcadaza varSIya the| syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya meM adhyayana karane vAle paNDita vaMzIdhara, paM. govinda rAya evaM paNDita tulasI rAma jI inake satIrtha the| vAstavika yogyatA parIkSA dene se prApta karanA sambhava nahIM apitu AdayopAnta granthAdhyayana se hI sambhava hai / ataeva Apane koI parIkSA nahIM dI / aharniza granthAdhyayana meM pravRtta huye| sthiti dayanIya hone ke kAraNa gamache beMcakara apane bhojana vyaya Adi kA Apane nirvAha kiyA / usa samaya jaina vyAkaraNa sAhitya Adi ke grantha kama hI prakAzita hue the / ukta mahAvidyAlaya ke chAtra adhikAMzataH ajaina vyAkaraNa aura sAhitya ke grantha hI par3hakara parIkSAoM ko uttIrNa kiyA karate the| yaha dekhakara Apako adhika pazcAttApa hotA thA ki jaina AcAryoM se nirmita vyAkaraNa sAhityAdi granthoM kA jaina chAtra adhyayana na karake kevala parIkSottirNatA ke pralobhana se pravRtta ho rahe haiM / logoM ke prayAsa se isa mahAkavi kalpa anya jana bhI isa para vicAra karane lage / tathA jaina nyAya aura vyAkaraNa ke grantha bhI prakAzita hone lge| logoM kI preraNA se kAzI vizvavidyAlaya aura kalakattA ke parIkSAlaya ke pAThyakrama meM ye grantha rakhavAye gaye / parantu jaina kAvya usa samaya taka bahuta kama hI the jo the ve bhI alpa mAtrA meM prakAza meM Aye / mahAkavi ke hRdaya meM usI samaya yaha bhAvanA utpanna huI ki adhyayana samApti ke pazcAt maiM isa kamI kI pUrti karU~gA / vArANasI meM Apane jaina nyAya, vyAkaraNa

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* prathama adhyAya / 3 aura sAhitya ke granthoM kA adhyayana kiyA / usa samaya vidyAlaya ke adhyApaka vaiduSya sampanna tathA sabhI brAhmaNa the / ataH jaina granthoM ko par3hAne meM udAsInatA rakhate the evaM pAThakoM kI hatotsAhita bhI karate kintu bhurAmala jI ke hRdaya meM jaina granthoM ke adhyayana evaM unake prakAzana kI prabala icchA thI / ataeva Apane 'jina khojA tina pAiyA~' isa nIti ko apanAkara jaina granthoM kA adhyayana kiyA / yaha bAta bhI smaraNIya hai ki Apake adhyayana kAla meM paNDita umarAva siMha jI jo kAlAntara meM brahmacarya pratimA aGgIkAra kara brahmacArI jJAnAnanda jI ke nAma se prasiddha hue, unake dvArA jaina granthoM ke adhyayanAdhyApana meM adhika protsAhana milA / usa samaya jJAnAnanda jI dharmazAstra kA adhyApana karate the / yahI kAraNa hai ki paNDita bhUrAmala jI pazcAt muni bane tathApi apanI racanAoM meM unhoMne unakA guru rUpa se smaraNa kiyA hai / vArANasI adhyayanAnantara punaH rANolI grAma meM gaye yadyapi usa samaya gRha paristhiti samIcIna nahIM thI evaM anekazaH vidvAn vidyAlayAdhyayanAnantara vidyAlayoM aura pAThazAlAoM meM vaitanika sevArata ho rahe the tathApi Apa ko yaha rucikara nahIM lagA apitu grAma meM dukAnadArI karate hue ni:svArtha bhAva se sthAnIya jaina bAlakoM kA adhyApana prArambha kiyA aura yaha vyApAra lambe samaya taka rahA / evaM choTe bhAIyoM kI zikSA-dIkSA kI dekha-rekha meM laga gaye / ukta samaya meM ApakI yuvAvasthA vidvattA evaM gRha saMcAlana AjIvikopArjana yogyatA dekhakara vivAha hetu aneka sambandhI Aye evaM vivAhArtha bhAI evaM sambandhiyoM kA adhika Agraha huA parantu adhyayana kAla se hI yaha ApakA mAnasa saMkalpa bana cukA thA ki AjIvana brahmacarya vrata dhAraNa kara jaina sAhitya nirmANArtha evaM pracAra-prasArArtha jIvana vyatIta karU~gA isaliye vivAha ke viSaya meM Apane iMkAra kara diyA / dukAna ke kArya ko bhI gauNa banAkara tathA bar3e bhAiyoM para usakA uttaradAyitva chor3akara adhyApanAtirikta zeSa samaya ko sAhitya kI sAdhanA meM hI lagAne lage jisake phalasvarUpa aneka grantha saMskRta aura hindI meM Apake dvArA likhe gaye / saMskRta sAhitya meM sAta grantha Apake vikhyAta haiM evaM hindI sAhitya meM caudaha grantha Apane likhe / jJAta huA hai ki isake alAvA bhI inake dvArA racita aura bhI grantha hai, lekina unakI pANDulipiyA~ mujhe upalabdha nahIM ho sakI / Apane nyAya, vyAkaraNa, sAhitya evaM jaina vAGmaya kA gambhIra adhyayana kara pUrNa Ananda kA anubhava kiyA / vikrama samvat 2004 meM brahmacarya dIkSA grahaNa kI / brahmacArI avasthA meM bhI san 1950 meM zrI 108 AcArya sUrya sAgara ke cAturmAsa ke samaya dillI pahu~ce vahA~ AcArya zrI sUryasAgara jI ke pAsa hI aneka vyaktiyoM se bheMTa huii| vArtAlApa prasaGga se yaha avagata huA ki Apane saMskRta meM kAvya granthoM kA praNayana kiyA hai| vikrama samvat 2012

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4/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana meM Apane kSullakavrata grahaNa kiyA / ApakI racanAe~ zrI 105 kSullaka sanmata sAgara jI ke pAsa vidyamAna rahIM haiM / kSullaka jI se una granthoM ke prakAzana ke sambandha meM anekazaH bAtacIta calI / mahArAja zrI isa viSaya meM udAsIna the| phira bhI kSullaka jI ne yaha vyakta kiyA ki yadi samAja kI icchA ho to atyanta prasannatA kI bAta hai / pariNAmataH mahArAja jI ke nAma se eka granthamAlA sthApita kara unake granthoM ko prakAzita karane kA nizcaya kiyA gayA aura usa granthamAlA ke pradhAna sampAdaka zrI hIrAlAla jI siddhAnta zAstrI bane / vi.saM. 2014 meM Apane muni dIkSA grahaNa kI / eka jUna 1973 meM nasIrAbAda meM svAsthya kI samIcInatA na hone ke kAraNa apane yogya ziSya zrI 108 vidyAsAgara jI ko apanA AcArya pada bhAra arpaNa kara samAdhi grahaNa kI / pUjya AcArya zrI jJAnasAgara jI ke kRtitva saMskRta grantha : 1. dayodaya campU : isa grantha ratna meM ahiMsA dharma kA mAhAtmya vyakta kara eka dhIvara ke uddhAra kI kahAnI prastuta kI gayI hai / gadyapadyamayAtmaka laghukAyAtmaka Apake isa saMskRta racanA kA sarvaprathama prakAzana huA / hiMsaka vyakti jIvaghAta se yadi lezamAtra bhI hatyA na karane kA niyama bA~dha letA hai to vaha kisa prakAra abhyunnati karatA hai yahA~ isI kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai / yaha kathA mRgasena dhIvara ko lekara nibaddha kI gayI hai / 2. sudarzanodaya : nau sonirmita yaha eka kAvya hai jisameM campApurI ke eka patnI vratadhArI seTha zrI sudarzana jI kA aneka prAcIna evaM arvAcIna chandoM meM caritra citrita kiyA gayA hai / seTha ko yahA~ dhIrodAtta nAyaka ke rUpa meM nibaddhakara aisI kautUhala janaka kathA prastuta kI gayI hai, jise AdyopAnta par3hane kI utsukatA zAMta nahIM hotI, pratisarga vaha utsukatA bar3hatI hI jAtI hai / strIjanita upasargoM ke Ane evaM nAnA prakAra ke hAvabhAva vilAsI ke dikhAyI dene para bhI seTha sudarzana apane dRr3ha brahmacarya se lezamAtra bhI vicalita nahIM hote aura meru ke samAna sthira hone lagate haiM / prasanna evaM gambhIra vaidI rIti se pravahamAna isa sarasvatI ke pravAha meM sahRdaya pAThakoM ke mAnasa matsya vilAsa pUrvaka udavartana-nivartana karate rahate haiN| racanA atyanta sarasa evaM ramya hai| 3. vIrodaya : 22 sargAtmaka isa mahAkAvya meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ke puravA bhIla ke bhava se lekara tIrthaMkara hokara nirvANa prApta karane taka ke taiMtIsa bhavoM kA sundara carita citraNa kiyA gayA hai / prasaMgAnusAra bIca-bIca meM atyanta prabhAvotpAdaka dharmopadeza diye gaye haiN| granthakAra kI zailI saMskRta ke suprasiddha mahAkavi kAlidAsa, bhAravi, mAgha evaM zrI harSa kI kAvya zailI kA smaraNa karAtI hai / isake anuzIlana se granthakartA kA pragalbha pANDitya evaM kavitva zakti spaSTa hotI hai /

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prathama adhyAya / 5 I I 4. jayodaya : praNIta naiSadha mahAkAvya ko saMskRta sAhitya meM mahAkavi harSa kI utkRSTa racanA mAnA jAtA hai / naiSadha ke pazcAt jayodaya bhI usa koTi kI kalpanA se paripUrNa hai / 28 sargAtmaka vizAlakAya isa mahAkAvya meM jayakumAra sulocanA ke suprasiddha kathAnaka kA Azraya lekara kathAvastu kI racanA kI gayI hai / isameM mahAkavi kI kAvya pratibhA aura pANDitya kA apUrva samanvaya huA hai / grantha kI zailI garimA paripUrNA evaM hRdaya hAriNI hai / isameM aparigraha vrata kA mAhAtmya dikhAyA gayA hai| prathama mudraNa vi. samvat 2006 meM mahAvIra presa kinArI bAjAra AgarA se kapUracandra jaina dvArA huA jisake prakAzaka brahmacArI sUrajamala (sUrya mala jaina) zrI 108 zrI vIrasAgara mahAmuni jI haiN| prathama prakAzana meM yaha 1000 pratiyoM meM prakAzita huA / muni zrI jJAnasAgara granthamAlA ke paMcama puSpa ke rUpa meM isa kAvya kA dUsarI bAra prakAzana huA / yaha trayodazasarga mAtra kA hai| jisa para kavi kI svopajJa saMskRta TIkA eka hindI anuvAda bhI hai| isake pradhAna saMpAdaka siddhAntAcArya paM. hIrAlAla jaina, prakAzaka aura mantrI haiM paM. prakAza candra jain| yaha prakAzana rAjasthAna byAvara se huA hai| 1000 pratiyoM meM prakAzita isa prakAzana meM mudraka mahAvIra presa bhelUpura, vArANasI hai / isakA prakAzana varSa vi.saM. 2035 evaM I. san 1978 hai / 11 jayodaya mahAkAvya ke pUrva hI kavi ne vIrodaya mahAkAvya kA bhI nirmANa kara diyA thA kyoMki jayodaya ke sarga 24 kI samApti meM svayaM " zrI vIrodayasodare'tilalite sargo'ridurge'pyathan' aisA kahakara kavi ne jayodaya ko vIrodaya mahAkAvya kA sodara batAyA hai / jayodaya ke prathama saMskaraNa evaM dvitIya saMskaraNa meM zlokoM kI saMkhyA aura krama donoM meM hI antara dekhane ko milatA hai / jaise dvitIya saMskaraNa meM "yasya pratApa vyathitaH pinAkI gaGgAmabhaGgA na jahAtyathAkI / pitAmahastAmarasAntarAle nivAsavAn so'pyabhavadvizAle // " (ja.ma. 1/8 ) " rasAtale nAgapatirniviSTaH payonidhau pItapaTaH praviSTaH / ananyatejAH punarasti ziSTaH ko veha loke kathito'vaziSTaH // " (ja.ma. 1 / 9 ) ye donoM hI zloka jayodaya mahAkAvya ke prathama prakAzana meM nahIM haiN| isI prakAra Age zlokoM kI saMkhyA meM bhI parivartana dikhAyI detA hai| 'guNaistu puNyaika punItamurte : " prathama saMskaraNa meM isa zloka kI saMkhyA navIM hai jabaki dvitIya saMskaraNa meM dasavIM / isI prakAra prathama saMskaraNa ke sarga do kA 119 vA~ zloka dvitIya saMskaraNa meM nahIM hai / isI prakAra zlokoM kI saMkhyAoM meM antara bhI pAyA jAtA hai / udAharaNArtha prathama saMskaraNa dvitIya sarga kA 128vA~ zloka dvitIya saMskaraNa ke 124 vIM saMkhyA meM hai / jayodaya ke prathama saMskaraNa ke 15veM sarga tathA paravartIya sargoM meM aise tamAma zloka haiM, jinakI koI saMkhyA nahIM hai / yA to prakAzana meM yaha pramAda ho gayA hai yA aise zloka prakSipta haiM /

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6/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 5. bhadrodaya : isameM asatyabhASI taskara satyaghoSa kI kathA ke mAdhyama se, asatya bhASaNa aura paradhanApaharaNa kA pariNAma hitakara nahIM hotA hai, prakaTa kara satya bhASaNa kA supariNAma batalAyA gayA hai| 6. munimanoraMjana zatakam : isameM ramya paddhati se muniyoM ke kartavyoM kA varNana sau zlokoM se kiyA gayA hai| 7. pravacanasAra : yaha chAyA grantha hai, jisameM A. kunda kunda ke pravacana sAra kI gAthAoM kA zlokoM meM pratibimba rUpatayA varNana kiyA gayA hai| . ina uparyukta saMskRta racita granthoM ke atirikta mahAkavi ke dvArA hindI bhASA meM race gaye caudaha grantha aura haiM / saMkSepa meM jinakA paricaya isa prakAra hai - 8. RSabhAvatAra : isameM bhagavAn RSabha deva kA gItikA, caupAI Adi vividha chandoM meM carita nibaddha kiyA gayA hai| 9. guNa sundara vRtAnta : isameM rAjA zreNika ke samaya meM yuvAvasthA meM dIkSita eka seTha ke ___putra kA ramya varNana kiyA gayA hai / isakI kavitA atyanta AkarSaka hai / 10. bhAgyodaya : isameM dhanya kumAra ke caritra-citraNa kiye gaye haiN| 11. jaina vivAha vidhi : isameM sarala paddhati se hindI bhASA meM vivAha vidhi kA jaina prathA . ke anusAra pUrNa varNana kiyA gayA hai / - 12. samyaktvasAra zataka : isameM samyaktva kA atyanta mArmika DhaMga se sau chandoM meM mahAkavi ne varNana kiyA hai| 13. tatvArthasatra TIkA : isameM tatvArthasUtroM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai evaM aneka navIna viSayoM . kA prakaraNa vaza nirUpaNa bhI kiyA gayA hai tathA prastAvanA meM nUtana vicAroM para prakAza . bhI DAlA gayA hai| 14. kartavya patha pradarzana : isameM sarvasAdhAraNa ke liye dainika kartavyoM para prakAza DAlA gayA 15. vivekodaya : isa grantha meM AcArya kunda-kunda ke samayasAra kI gAthAoM kA gItikA - chanda meM varNana kiyA gayA hai| / 26. sacitta vivecana : isa grantha meM sacitta aura acitta vastuoM kA Agama ke AdhAra para prAgANika vivecana kiyA gayA hai / . .. . ukta pustakeM prakAzita bhI ho cukI haiN| 17. devAgamastrota kA hindI padyAnuvAda isameM devAgama strota kA hindI bhASa meM chandobaddha ___ anuvAda kiyA gayA hai, jisakA prakAzana jaina gajaTa meM huA hai| 18. niyamasAra kA padyAnuvAda : isameM niyama sAra kA padyavaddha hindI bhASA meM anuvAda kiyA * gayA hai jo jaina gajaTa meM prakAzita hai|

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prathama adhyAya /7 19. aSTapAhuDa kA padyAnuvAda : yaha aSTapAhuDa kA padya meM anuvAda, jisameM zreyo mArga para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| 20. mAnava jIvana : isa grantha meM manuSya jIvana kI mahattA batalAyI gayI hai tathA kartavya patha para calane ke liye preraNA kI gayI hai / 21. svAmI kunda-kunda aura sanAtana jaina dharma : isa grantha meM aneka pramANoM se satyArtha jaina dharma kA nirUpaNa svAmI kunda kundAcArya ke samayasAra' Adi granthoM ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai| zrI. bhurAmala zAstrI jI (AcArya jJAnasAgarajI) ke jayodaya mahAkAvya ko dekhane se yaha pratIta hotA hai ki kavi kA lakSya kevala kavitA nirmANa karanA mAtra hI nahIM apitu AkarSaka praur3ha prAJjala anuprAsAdi alaGkAraguNAdi ke sarala sarasa mAdhyama dvArA jaina dharma ke siddhAntoM ko vyakta karanA pradhAna lakSya hai / jaina dharma ke prANabhUta ahiMsA, satya Adi mUla vratoM evaM sAmyavAda anekAnta vAda, karmavAda Adi Agamika aura dArzanika viSayoM kA pratipAdana kara zAnta sAmrAjya kA praNayana karanA kavi kA lakSya rahA hai / isa kavi kI samagra racanAoM meM prAyaH isI lakSya ko dRSTigata rakhA gayA hai| . - A. zrI jJAnasAgara jI kA jayodaya mahAkAvya yaha vyakta karatA hai ki ye vaiyAkaraNa, jyotirvida, Ayurveda jJAtA, darzanasiddhAnta marmajJa evaM kAvya kalA pradarzana meM parama pravIna the / prakANDa vaiyAkaraNa : .... jayodaya mahAkAvya meM aneka aise zloka darzanIya haiM, jinase kavi ke prabudda vaiyAkaraNa hone kA pramANa hai / jaise - "na varNalopaH prakRterna bhaGga kuto'pi na pratyayavatprasaGgaH / yatra svato vA guNavRddhisiddhiH prAptA yadIyApadurItiRddhim // __ yahA~ zliSTa parisaMkhyA ke mAdhyama se rAjA jayakumAra ke varNana prasaGga meM kahA gayA hai ki isake pada kI rIti bhI samRddhi ko prApta kI thii| usake rAjya (prajA) meM brAhmaNAdi vargoM kA lopa nahIM thA kevala vyAkaraNa zAstra meM prakRti se subanta yA tiGanta jo pada banate haiM usameM varNa kA lopa hotA hai / mantrI Adi pradhAna puruSoM kA rAjya meM vinAza yA apamAna nahIM hotA thA kevala vyAkaraNa zAstra meM hI prakRti gata bhaGgatA milatI thii| rAjya meM kabhI / viruddha gamana doSoM kA prasaGga nahIM AtA thA evaM prajA meM guNoM kI vRddhi svataH siddha thii| vyAkaraNa zAstra meM hI guNa vRddhi nAmaka Adeza hokara pada kA nirmANa hotA hai / kintu isa prakAra kA rUpa jayakumAra ke rAjya meM nahIM thaa| .. isI prakAra se isI sarga kA zloka paMcAnabe bhI darzanIya hai - "bhuvi dhuto'gravidhiguNavRddhimAn sapadi taddhitameva kRtaM bhajan / yatipatiH kathito guNitAhvayaH satatamuktividAmiti pUjyapot // .

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8 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 16. I caturtha sarga ke solahaveM zloka meM bhI kavi ke vaiyAkaraNa hone kA saMketa milatA hai"pANinIyaku lakoktisuvastu pUjyapAdavihitAM sudRzastu / sarvato'pi caturaGgatatAbhiH kAzikAM yayuramI dhiSaNAbhiH // ' sulocanA ke pANigrahaNArtha rAjA kAzI pahu~ca gaye / yahA~ para samAsokti ke dvArA yaha bhI bodhya hai ki adhyayana bodha AcaraNa aura pracAraNa ina cAra rUpoM se vikasita hone vAlI AcArya pANini vyAkaraNa para nirmita ' kAzikA vRtti' ko logoM ne prApta kiyA / maharSi pANini ke aSTAdhyAyI para jayAditya vAmana kI banAyI huI kAzikA vRtti hai / pANinIya zabda zliSTa hone ke kAraNa pANigrahaNa evaM pANinIya vyAkaraNa donoM ko vyakta karatA hai / jayodaya ke sarga ekAdaza zloka saMkhyA 78 meM sulocanA kA varNana karate hue zleSa ke mAdhyama se vyAkaraNa kA varNa- jJAna abhivyakta kiyA hai - 44 'saduSmaNAntasthasadaMzukena stanena sAdhvI muku lopamena / cetazcurA yA paTutAtulA pi svaraGganAmAnamitA rucApi // zloka kA tAtparya yaha hai ki vaha sulocanA yauvana ke sundara USmA arthAt teja se yuktaM sundara colI se AvRtta kalI sadRza stana yugala se upalakSita sAdhvI arthAt sundara Asana vAlI hotI huI bhI anya ke citta ko AkRSTa karane meM dakSa thI / apanI kAnti se devAGganAoM se bhI sammAna ko prApta thI evaM vyAkaraNa kI dRSTi se bhI yaha siddha hotA hai ki vaha sulocanA sampUrNa varNa mAtrikAdhikAriNI anta:karaNa meM pahu~cI / yahA~ USmA se zala uSmANa: (z S s h) evaM antastha pada se yaNo'ntasthA: (y r l v) varNa se upalakSita mu' aura 'ku' ma varga aura 'ka' varga arthAt p ph b bh m k kh g gh G ina vargoM se vibhUSita paTutA tulA meM 'Tu' se Ta varga (T Th D Dh N) evaM tu seta varga (t th d dh n) curA meM 'cu' se varga (c ch j jh J) rA rUpa dhana jisameM hai / svara akArAdi evaM unake aGgoM ke nAma ke apUrva jJAna se samunnata huI kAnti se sAdhvI sulocanA jo sabhI varNoM evaM mAtrAoM kI adhikAriNI hai mere mana para adhikAra kara cukI hai, yaha jayakumAra kI ukti hai / isa prakAra yahA~ jayakumAra dvArA sulocanA ke mukha zrI ke varNana prasaGga meM kahA gayA hai jisameM kavi ne apane vyAkaraNa jJAna kA apUrva pradarzana kiyA hai / jyotirvid bhUrAmala jI sapta sarga meM sulocanA kI prApti hetu aneka rAja kumAroM ke Agamana prasaGga meM dikhAyA gayA hai ki mArakeza dazAkrAnta vyakti jaise hitAvaha upadeza nahIM sunatA vaise hI bharataM putra sulocanAbhilASI durdamanIyAntaHkaraNa arkakIrti bhI amRta ke samAna maMtrI ke upadeza kI avahelanA kara raNanimitta athavA maraNa nimitta utkaMTa doSa se bhara gayA / yahA~ mArakeza zabda kA ullekha

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prathama adhyAya /9 kiyA gayA hai jo jyotiSa kA pAribhASika zabda hai jisa samaya saptameza aura dvitIyameza kI mahAdazA aura antardazA calatI hai usa samaya mArakeza kI dazA mAnI jAtI hai tathA mArakeza grasta vyakti hitAvaha pathya grahaNa nahIM karanA cAhatA hai isI dRSTi ko lekara yahA~ kavi ne apanA mantavya vyakta kiyA hai - "mArake zadazAviSTo'vamatya shriimtaamRtm| pratyutodagradoSo'bhUd bhuvi nA maraNAya saH // 18 isI prakAra ukta zloka se avyavahita zloka saMkhyA 54 bhI devajJatA kA paricAyaka hai - "yaH kAlagrahasada bhAvasahito'tra samAhitaH / yogavAha tayA'nyo'pi budhavat kU ratAM zritaH // " jisakA tAtparya hai ki zeSAviSTa arkakIrti kA samparka hone se sadbuddhi sampanna bhI usake saMparka meM Ane vAle loga krUra bana gaye arthAt arkakIrti ke pakSa meM A gaye jisa prakAra pApa graha ke yoga se budha bhI usake samAna ho jAtA hai / budha pApagraha ke yoga meM tadvat hI ho jAtA hai / ataH kavi kA yaha kathana bhI usake jyotirvid hone kA acchA pramANa sulocanA ke dvArA sabhA meM vidyamAna aneka rAjakumAroM ko dekhakara yaha vyakta kiyA gayA hai ki yahA~ aneka zUravIra buddhimAn kavi mahAna vaktA maMgala cAhane vAle upasthita haiN| kintu inameM saumya mUrti candra graha jaya kumAra kauna hai jo merI prasannatA kA AdhAra hai, jisake liye maiM zanizcara bana rahI hU~ / sabhA bhavana ko kha maNDala rUpa meM vyakta kiyA gayA hai jisameM zliSTa rUpaka ke mAdhyama se zUra (sUrya) budha (budha graha) kavi (zukra graha) gIrIzvara se vRhaspati evaM maMgala pada se maMgala bhI grAhya hai| saumya mUrti se candramA evaM anveSaNa karane kI dRSTikoNa se dhIre-dhIre calane vAlI svayaM sulocanA zanaizcara bana rahI hai / zanaizcara manda gAmI graha hai evaM isakI jisa para dUra dRSTi par3atI hai sukha bhAgI nahIM ho sakatA / isa prakAra jyotiSa zAstra ke graha guNoM para bhI dhyAna diyA gayA hai jo mahAkavi ke zabdoM meM avadheya hai - "zUrA budhA vA kavayo girIzvarAH sarve'pyamI maGgalatAmabhIpsavaH / kaH saumyamUrtirmama kaumudAzrayo'smin saGgrahe syAttu zanaizcarAmyaham // 'no svayaMvara varNana prasaGga meM vidyAdevI eka rAjA kA paricaya detI huI nimna zloka meM yaha vyakta karatI hai / yathA "vANIti sadAnandA bhadrA kIrtizca vIratA vijayA / riktArthikA sti lakSmIH pUrNA tvaM jyotirIzasya // 1.

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10 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana jisakA tAtparya yaha hai ki yaha rAjA jyotirIza kAntisampanna hai athavA jyotiSa zAstra kA jJAtA hai, jisakI vANI sarvadA Ananda dAyinI madhurA hai / isakI kIrti bhadrA arthAt manohArI hai, isakI vIratA vijaya zaulA hai jisakI lakSmI daridroM ke liye upayoginI hai, hai sulocane ! tuma pUrNA ho isaliye isakI vAMchA ko pUrNA tithi kI bhA~ti pUrNa karo / prakRta padya meM nandA tithi vizeSa kA bhI nAma hai, jisameM pratipada SaSTI, ekAdazI tithiyA~ AtI haiN| bhadrA meM saptamI, dvAdazI tithi AtI hai| aise hI jayA meM tRtIyA aSTamI trayodazI tithiyA~ AtI haiM / riktA meM caturthI, navamI, caturdazI tithiyA~ AtI haiN| sulocanA ko pUrNA saMjJA kahA gayA hai| pUrNA meM kiyA huA kArya paripUrNa hotA hai, jisameM paMcamI, dazamI aura pUrNamAsI tithiyA~ AtI haiN| isa prakAra tithi saMjJAoM kA mAdhyama lekara jyotiSa zAstra kI ora bhI saMketa kiyA gayA hai / saptama sarga ke nimna zloka meM sulocanA ke pratyAzI ko dhAviSTa arkakIrti kA varNana se grasta sUrya ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai / yathA rAhu "arka evaM tamasAvRto'dhunA darzaghasra iha hetunA'munA / etyaho grahaNatAM zriyaH priya ityabhUdapi zucA savikriyaH // 12 1112 jisakA tAtparya hai ki sUrya grahaNa amAvazyA tithi meM hI lagatA hai isaliye 'darzaghasratamasAvRtto arka eva' aisA arka kIrti ke liye nirdeza kiyA gayA hai / yaha jaya kumAra ne socA ki isa mAMgalika velA meM tejasvI arkakIrti bhI roSa rUpa rAhu se grasta hokara grahaNa ko prApta ho rahA hai jisase cintA vaza jaya kumAra meM bhI kucha vikAra utpanna ho gyaa| arka zabda - zliSTa hone se sUrya evaM arkakIrti donoM arthoM kA bodhaka hai| 1 - isI prakAra anya aneka sargoM meM jyotiSa zAstra viSayaka vivecana bhI milate haiM / jaise" ito'yamarkaH sa ca saumya eSa zukraH samantAddhvajavastravezaH / raktaH sma kau jAyata Ayatastu gururbhaTAnAM viravaH samastu // ketuH kabandhoccalanaikahetustamo mRtAnAM mukhamaNDale tu / somo varAsiprasaraH sa tAbhiH zanaizcaro'bhUtkaTako ghaTAbhiH / / mitiryataH paMcadazatvamAkhyannakSatraloko'pi navatrikAkhyaH / kvacitparAgo grahaNazca kutra khagolatA'bhUtsamare tu tatra // 13 jisakA artha hai ki jayakumAra evaM arkakIrti kA vaha raNa sthala khagola kI samatA kara rahA thA / khagola meM sUrya, candra, budha, zukra, maMgala vRhaspati, ketu, rAhu, zanizcara prakRti grahAdi evaM 27 nakSatra maNDala bharA rahatA hai| yaha raNabhUmi bhI zleSa ke mAdhyama se ina sabhI se bharI huI dikhAyI gayI hai| arthAt arka (sUrya, arkakIrti) eka ora vidyamAna thA dUsarI ora soma putra buddhimAn ( budha graha ) jayakumAra sannaddha thA / dhvajAoM kA vastra zveta hone

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prathama adhyAya /11 se zukragraha kahA gayA hai / zAstroM meM zukra kA varNa zveta diyA gayA hai / yoddhAoM ke zarIra se bahatA huA rakta (rakta varNa maMgala) bhUmi para vyakta ho rahA thA / yoddhAoM ke zabda guru phailate hue (guru graha) ke rUpa meM the / mastaka vihIna yoddhAoM kA kabandha uchala rahA thA jo ketu kA kAma kara rahA thA / mare hue yoddhAoM ke mukha para andhakAra vidyamAna thA jo rAhu rUpa meM pratIta ho rahA thA / camakate hue khaDga kAntizAlI candramA kA kAma kara rahe the evaM hAthiyoM ke samUha se vyApta senA samUha (kaTaka) dhIre-dhIre calane ke kAraNa zanaizcara graha bana rahA thA / anta meM maraNa svarUpa pandraha tithiyoM kA smaraNa ho rahA thA / raNabhUmi meM kSatriya gaNa palAyana karane vAle nahIM the ataH 'nakSatralopo navatrikAkhyaH' arthAt kSatriya loga vahA~ se na haTane ke kAraNa nakSatra maNDala hI banA huA thaa| kahIM para parAga rAga se rahita honA evaM kahIM para grahaNa arthAt candragrahaNa krodha se lAlimA evaM dhara pakar3a hotI thI jo grahaNa kA smaraNa karAtI thI / isa prakAra yaha yuddha sthala khagola ke rUpa meM paripUrNa dikhAyA gayA hai jo jyotiSa zAstra kI vijJatA kA paricAyaka hai / eSa darzaH sUryendusaMgamaH' kI sthiti ko yuddhasthala meM arkakIrti evaM jayakumAra ke samAgama varNana prasaGga meM kiyA gayA hai jo darzanIya hai - "somAGgajaprAbhavamudvijetuM sapItayo'rkasya tadA''nipetuH / sa eSa suryendusamAgamo'pi cintyaH kutaH kasya yazo vyalopi // 14 amAvasyA ke dina sUrya aura candramA kA samAgama hotA hai, jisameM sUrya ke dvArA candra ke daba jAne se andhakAra chA jAtA hai / isa yuddha meM arkakIrti ko sUrya evaM somaputra jayakumAra ko candra banAyA gayA hai| ina donoM kA yuddha sthala meM samAgama logoM arthAt darzakoM ke liye cintA kA viSaya bana gayA hai ki dekheM kisakA yaza lupta hotA hai / parantu zAstra prasiddhi ke anusAra candra kA yaza hI naSTa hotA hai / prakRta mahAkAvya meM candra kA yaza naSTa na hokara arkakIrti rUpa sUrya ke hI yaza ko naSTa dikhAyA gayA hai / yaha apUrvatA kA paricAyaka hai jo kavi-pratibhA kA dyotaka hai| . .. aise hI isI sarga ke nimna zloka meM arkakIrti rUpa sUrya para lage hue grahaNa kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / yathA - "rathasAdatha sArasAkSilabdhapatinA samprati nAgapAzabaddhaH / zuzubhe'pyazubhena cakrituka tattamasA santamasArireva bhuktaH // 15 - artha yaha hai ki jayakumAra ne arkakIrti ko nAgapAza se bA~dhA aura apane ratha meM DAla diyA, jisase pratIta hotA hai ki nAgapAza rUpa rAhu dvArA arkakIrti rUpa sUrya bhI AkrAnta . huA hai| isI prakAra isa mahAkAvya meM anekazaH sthaloM meM jyotiSa-viSayaka siddhAntoM ke varNana

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12 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana kiye gaye haiM / parantu 'thAlI pulAka' nyAya se hI yahA~ dikhAyA gayA hai / niHsandeha kavi bhUrAmala jI aneka zAstravid hone ke sAtha-sAtha jyotiSa ke bhI prakANDa paNDita the / kavi kI nyAyagati evaM rAjanIti pravINatAH jo rAjA zastra evaM zAstra donoM ke prayoga meM kuzala hotA hai, usakA jIvana sarvathA sudRr3ha evaM sukhamaya hotA hai / nyAya zAstra meM pakSa, sapakSa, hetu dvArA vipakSa vyAvRtti pUrvaka sAdhya kI siddhi batalAyI gayI hai / zAstrArthI parapakSa ko dUSita kara anumAna vyabhicarita kara detA hai, jisase parapakSa kI parAjaya siddha hotI hai, jisakA udAharaNa avalokanIya hai "jayecchu rAduSitavAnvipakSaM pramApaNaikapravaNaiH sudakSaH / he tAvupAttapratipattiratra zastraizca zAstrairapi somaputraH / / 16 prakRta padya meM somaputra jaya kumAra ko zastra aura zAstra donoM ke prayoga meM pravINa batAyA gayA hai / zastra ke dvArA zatru mAraNa meM dakSatA evam zAstra ke dvArA pramANa ke vyavahAra meM kuzalatA ina donoM guNoMse yukta hone ke kAraNa vijayAbhilASI isa kumAra ne zatru pakSa ko bhalI-bhA~ti "naSTa kara harA diyA / isa prakAra vyakta hotA hai ki kavi nyAyazAstra ke siddhAnta kA acchA jAnakAra thA, sAtha hI vijaya-parAjaya kI vidhi ko jAnane ke kAraNa rAjanIti pravaNa bhI thA / jayodaya mahAkAvya ke dvitIya sarga meM rAja dharma evaM kartavya kA vivecana hai / yathA"varNigehivanavAsiyoginAmAzramAn paripaThanti te jinA: / nItirastyakhilamartya bhoginI sUktireva vRSabhRnniyoginI // "17 1117 bhAva hai ki rAjAoM kA yaha dharma evaM kartavya hai ki prajAjana ko chaH itiyoM se bacAte hue dharmArtha, kAma meM unheM sadaiva pravRtta kareM / isake liye trayI vArtA evaM daNDanIti kA bhI yathAsambhava prayoga karanA caahie| laukika sadAcaraNoM ke niyamoM kA saMgraha karanA trayI kahalAtI hai / varNAzrama ke niyamAnusAra AjIvikA kA vidhAna karanA vArtA evaM aparAdhiyoM ko yathA yogya daNDa denA daNDanIti kahalAtI hai / isake viparIta karane se daNDadAtA ko naraka milatA hai, aisA zAstra meM kahA gayA hai" / 1 isI prakAra tRtIya sarga ke prathama zloka meM bhI rAjakartavyAdi kA nirdeza hai, jo jaya kumAra ke AcaraNAnusAra vyakta kiyA gayA hai / yathA 'dharmakarmANi mano niyojayanvittavartmani karau prayojayan / narmazarmaNi zarIramAzrayan sa vyabhAtsamayamAzu hAyayan // 20. 44 artha yaha hai ki rAjA jayakumAra dharma, karma arthAt yajJAnuSThAna Adi dharma kAryoM meM mana lagAtA huA evaM hAthoM se puruSArtha ke sAtha arthopArjana karatA huA tathA (AsaktihIna hokara )

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prathama adhyAya /13 zarIra se harSa-vinoda strI sahavAsAdi sukha bhogatA huA sahaja bhAva se jIvana yApana kara rahA thA, jisake yahA~ dharmArtha kAma rUpa trivarga avirodha pUrvaka sevana kiye jA rahe the yaha mahAkavi kA abhiprAya hai| gRhastha dharma ke prati kavi kA sahaja anurAgaH kavi ne isa mahAkAvya ke dvitIya sarga meM vinata mastata jaya kumAra ko munirAja ke mukha se gRhasthAzrama kA vizada rUpa meM sarga paryanta upadeza karAyA hai jo atyanta manorama evaM hitAvaha hai / isake anusAra gRhastha ko Antarika zuddhi ke liye zAstroM kA cintana-manana karanA cAhie jisameM use veda, vedAGga, chandazAstra, kAma zAstra, arthazAstra, saMgIta, vAstukalA (vAstu zAstra) Adi ke prati satata jAgarUka rahanA cAhie / gomaya lepana dvArA gRha zuddhi tathA gomUtra sevana karane se vyakti pavitra hotA hai kyoMki gau uttama devatA hai| yathA "dhenurasti mahatIha devatA taccha kRtprasravaNe niSevatA / prApyate suzuciteti bhakSaNaM hA tayostaditi mauDhacalakSaNam // 21 kintu gomUtra, gomayasevanakartA ko murkha batAyA gayA hai / usI sarga ke zloka eka sau paccIsa meM gRhastha ke liye mAMsa, madirA, parAGganA sevana vezyAgamana, AkheTa krIDA, yUta krIDA, taskaratA tathA nAstikatA ko tyAga karane ke liye vizeSopadeza kiyA gayA hai / yathA "dyata-mAMsa-madirA-parAGganA-paNyadAra-mRgayA-curAzca naa| nAstikatvamapi saMharettarAmanyathA vyasana saGakulA dharA // 22 kavi ne gRhasthAzrama ko acchA banAye rakhane kI AvazyakatA para bala diyA hai / kavi kA yajJAnurAga : ___ isa mahAkAvya ke dvAdaza sarga meM zloka saMkhyA paccIsa, chabbIsa, sattAisaveM zlokoM meM yajJa bhUmi kA vanitA ke sAtha sAdRzya dekara manorama varNana kiyA gayA hai / yathA - "kila kAmitadAyinI ca yAgAvanirityatra pavitramadhyabhAgA / tilakAyitama dIpakAsAvatha rambhArucitoruzarmabhAsA // " "vaniteva vibhAtu niSkalaGkA saphaloccaiH stnkumbhshumbhdkaa| vilasatrivalISTanAbhikuNDA zucipuSpAbhimataprasannatuNDA // " "dvijarAjatirAski yArthametallapanazrIritizikSaNAya vetaH / drutamakSatamuSTinAtha yAgagururADe namatADayadvirAgaH // " ja.ma. 12/25, 26, 27 yajJa bhUmi kA madhya bhAga vizAla evaM pavitra hotA hai / vanitA kA madhya bhAga pavitra (vajrAkArI) ati kRza hotA hai / yajJa bhUmi meM manorama dIpaka hai, jo nAyikA ke tilaka sadRza hai / yajJa bhUmi ke cAroM konoM para kadalI stambha lagA rahatA hai jo nAyikA ke vizAla urU bhAga (jaMghA) ke sadRza hai / yajJabhUmi meM yajJakuNDa banA rahatA hai, jo nAyikA ke nAbhi

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14/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana kA anukaraNa kara rahA hai / yajJabhUmi meM maMgala kalaza rakhe jAte haiM jo nAyikA ke unnata stana ke sadRza haiM / maMgala kalaza bhI phala sahita hotA hai, nAyikA stana bhI patisaMyogazAlI hone se saphala hai / yajJabhUmi nirmala puSpa se aMlakRta hotI hai, nAyikA bhI nirmala prasanna mukha se yukta hai / yajJa bhUmi zeSa Adi nAgoM ke vighna dUra karane ke liye hotA hai / yahA~ dvijarAjacandra kA tiraskAra nAyikA mukha se vyakta kiyA gayA hai / isa prakAra yahA~ yajJa karAne vAle purohita jo sAMsArika prayojana se ni:spRha hote haiM, zIghra hI muTThI se bhare akSata ko yajJa bhUmi para chodd'e| yAjJika prakriyA ko mahAkavi ne kAvya meM kaI sthaloM para dikhAyA hai, jo usake bhAratIya saMskRti ke liye amiTa anurAga kA pratIka hai / kavi kA saMgIta prema : mahAkavi ne isa mahAkAvya ke dazama sarga meM sulocanA-jayakumAra ke mAGgalika pariNaya saMskArAvasara para aneka vAdyoM kA manorama varNana kiyA hai, jo zloka saMkhyA solaha se lekara ikkIsa taka dikhAyA gayA hai / yathA "saghanaM ghanametadAsvanat suSiraM cAzu ziro'karotsvanam / sa tatena tataH kRto dhvaniH samamAnaddhamamAnamadhvanIt // " prabhavanmRdulAGka rodayaM . svayamityatra tadAnako hyam / sarasaM dharaNItalaM yadapyakaroccha bdamayaM jagadvadan // " "tadudAttaninAdato bhayAdapi sA samprati vallakItyayAt / vinile tumivAzu tAdRzi pRthule zrIyuvate rihorasi // " "praNanAda yadAnakaH tarAmaMpi vINA lasati sma sAparA / prasaradrasasAranirjharaH sa nisasvAna varaM hi jharjharaH // " "yuvaterurasIti rAgataH sa tu kolambaka mevamAgatam / samudIkSya tadeya'yA'dharaM khalu veNuH sucucumba satvaram // " "zucivaMzabhavacca veNukaM bahu sambhAvanayA kare'Nukam / vivaraiH kimu nAGkitaM vidurhaDakazceti cukUja sanmRduH // " __(ja.ma. 10/16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21) amara koza meM cAra prakAra ke vAdyoM ke bheda batAye gaye haiM tata, Anaddha, saSira, ghn| vINA Adi bAje ko tata saMjJA se kahA gayA hai / Anaddha mRdaMga Adi bAje ke liye prayoga hotA hai / suSira yaha vaMzI, alagIjA zaMkha Adi bAje ke liye kahA jAtA hai / ghana kAMse kA bAjA, ghaNTA, jhAla Adi ke liye prayoga hotA hai / tata ke bheda meM vAditra, Atodya Ate

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prathama adhyAya / 15 ghana, suSira, tata, Anaddha ye cAra prakAra ke bAje bar3e vega se bajane lage jinameM tata vadya kI dhvani ke sAtha Anaddha nAmaka vAdya uparimita dhvani karane lagA / / ukta samaya meM svayaM bajate hue dundubhi vAdya ne rAja bhavana meM bhUtala ko naye aGkaroM se yukta kara sarasa kara diyA (jaise megha pRthvI ko jala se aGkurita kara detA hai)| bherI bAje kI gambhIra dhvani ke bhaya se mAno vaha vINA bhI zIghra chipane ke liye kisI taruNI ke vizAla vakSasthala meM jA pahu~cI / bherI bAje kI gambhIra dhvani jaba hone lagI to vINA bhI apanI madhura dhvani se vibhUSita huii| sAtha hI Ananda tala ko phailAtA huA jhara-jhara (jhA~jha) bAjA bhI bajane lagA / taruNI ke vakSasthala para anurAga se vINA ke daNDa ko dekha veNu ne IrSyAvaza turanta kisI dUsarI yuvatI ke adhara kA cumbana kara liyA arthAt vaha bA~sa kI banI huI vaMzI bajAne lgii| uttama kula meM utpanna choTA bhI veNa vAdya yadyapi taruNI ke hAtha meM sasammAna rahA phira bhI kyA vaha chidroM (doSoM) se yukta nahIM hai / isa prakAra manda hAsya karatA huDuka bAjA bhI bajane lgaa| isI prakAra anya vAdyoM ke varNana bhI kiye gaye haiM / aise varNana kavi ke saMgIta-vAdyaprema ko to vyakta karate hI haiM, usake etadviSayaka jJAna ke bhI paricAyaka haiN| kavi kA sainya paricayaH mahAkAvya meM yuddha ke avasara para aneka prakAra kI senAoM kI racanA kA varNana milatA hai jo kavigata senA racanA kI dakSatA kA paricAyaka hai| jaise saptama sarga ke zloka saMkhyA pandraha meM vyuha racanA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / yathA "samrAjastuk khalu cakrAbhaM balavAsaM makarAkAraM racayan zrIpadmAdhIT c| raNabhUmAvabhre caM khagastArkSyaprAyaM yatraM saMgrAmakaraM smAJcati ca praayH||" (ja.ma. 7/115) yahA~ arkakIrti dvArA apanI senA ke vyUhana tathA jayakumAra dvArA apanI senA ke makara vyUha aura yahA~ vidyAdharoM dvArA senA ke garuDavyUha ke Upara meM prastuta karane kA varNana kiyA hai / aise varNana kavigata sainya paricaya ke paricAyaka hote haiN| kavi kA darzana jJAnaH ____ jayodaya mahAkAvya ke ekAdaza sarga zloka saMkhyA paMcAnaveM meM advaita darzana 'ekamevAstI ha nA nAsti kiMcana' ityAdi advaita kI ora saMketa kiyA gayA hai jo sulocanA ke anupama vANI varNana ke prasaGga meM kahA gayA hai| yathA "advaitavAgyadvijarAjatazcAdhikaprabhAvyAsyamado'styapazcAt / dideza vANAnmadanasya zuddhyA pikadvijI'bhyasyatu tAnsuvuddhayAH // '23

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16/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana sulocanA kA mukha dvijarAja candra se bhI adhika prabhAzIla hai, jisakI vANI ananya advaita sadRza hai / ataeva vaise hI AdaraNIya hai jaise 'eka brahma dvitoyo nAsti' ityAdi kathana brahma se atirikta kucha bhI nahIM hai isa vacana se sampanna sabase mukhya evaM samAdaraNIya hai isaliye jisa sulocanA ke mukha ne kAmadeva ke bANoM ko upadeza diyA unhIM bANa aura upadeza kA dvija pika, kokila (brAhmaNa) sadabuddhi se zuddhipUrvaka abhyAsa kreN| yaha bAta isa zloka meM kahI gayI hai / yahA~ sulocanA kI advaita vANI ko advaita darzana ke samAna batAyA gayA .. dArzanika siddhAntoM kA adhikAMzataH svarUpa jayodaya ke sarga saMkhyA chabbIsa meM milatA hai / jahA~ jayakumAra ke putra anantavIrya kA rAjyAbhiSeka tataH AditIrthanAtha kI vandanA kI gayI hai / aise samucita sthala para dArzanika vivecana para kavi ne pUrNa dRSTipAta kiyA hai / yathA abhedabhedAtmakamarthamahattavoditaM samyagihAnuvindan / zaknomi patnIsutavanna vastuM kileha khaDnena nabho vibhaktum // 124 yahA~ bheda sahiSNu abheda kA varNana dikhAte hue kahA gayA hai ki jaina siddhAnta ko . upAsya he arhan deva ! tumhAre dvArA kahe hue bheda sahiSNu abhedAtmaka siddhAnta ko maiM kisa prakAra kahane meM samartha ho sakatA hU~ ? jisa prakAra talavAra se AkAza kA vibhAjana nahIM ho sakatA, vaise hI patnI putrAdi kA bhI bheda karane meM maiM samartha nahIM hU~ arthAt cetanAMzataH saba eka haiN| isI prakAra agrima zloka meM bhI sadasad vilakSaNa svarUpa kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, jo avalokanIya hai "tattvaM tvaduktaM sadasatsvarUpaM tathApi dhatte parameva rUpam / yuktApyaho jambharasena hi drAgupaiti sA kuGkumatAM hridraa||125 arthAta 'tattvam ' padArtha sUkti meM rajata kA bhAna bhI sadasad vilakSaNa hai / rajatArthI sUkti ko rajata samajhakara uThAne ke liye pravRtta hotA hai| uThAne ke pazcAt 'nedaM rajatam'-yaha rajata nahIM hai, aisA jJAna hotA hai / vicAraNIya yaha hai ki pUrvavartI padArtha jisako draSTA ne rajata samajhA punaH rajata nahIM hai, aisA jJAna kyoM huA ? rajata buddhi meM rajatAbhAva kA bodha viruddha hai| yadi yaha kaheM ki rajata hai aura nahIM bhI hai to bhI 'asti nAsti' kI ubhayAtmaka sthiti kathamapi sambhava nahIM hai / ataeva satya rajata aura mithyA rajata ina donoM se bhinna sadasad vilakSaNa anirvacanIya padArtha mAnA gayA / aise hI 'tattvamasi' vAkya meM 'tad' padArtha parokSatva viziSTa caitanya kA bodhaka hai| tvam' padArtha aparokSatva viziSTa caitanya kA bodhaka hai / parokSatvAmaparokSatva ubhayAtmaka viruddha jJAna eka padArtha meM kathamapi sambhava nahIM hai parantu parokSatva evaM aparokSatva upAdhi kA tyAga kara dene se caitanyAMza mAtra zeSa rahane para koI virodha nahIM hotA hai isaliye yaha kathana samucita

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. prathama adhyAya / 17 hI hai kyoMki hardI bhI nIMbU ke rasa se yukta hone para zIghra hI kumakuma rUpa ko dhAraNa kara letI hai / yahA~ ukta gambhIra darzana ko mahAkavi ne pragaTa kara apanI apratima dArzanika pratibhA kA paricaya diyA hai| isI prakAra usI sarga meM avyahita gati se calate hue dArzanika zlokoM kI jhA~kI darzanIya "aGgAGginonaikyamitIha rItirna bho prabho bhAti yathApratIti / satyA taduktiH zatapatrakSanItiguNeSu naSTeSu pare'pi hiitiH||" yeSAM matenAtha guNaH svadhAmnA sambaddhayate vai samavAyanAmnA / teSAM tadaikyAtkila saMkRtirvAnavasthitiH pksspricyuti||126 prakRta padya meM kahA gayA hai ki he prabho, jisa prakAra yaha yathArtha jJAna batAyA gayA hai, aGga aura aGgI meM aikya hai, aisA vizvAsa nahIM hotaa| tumhArI ukti satya hI hai / guNoM ke naSTa hone para aikya sarvathA sambhava hai / isa prasaGga meM kahe hue dArzanika siddhAntoM kA vivecana karane ke liye adhika samaya kI apekSA hai jahA~ para naiyAyika siddhAnta kA bhI virodha pratIta hotA hai / samavAya sambandha se guNa guNI meM nivAsa karatA hai, isako mAnane se aikya kI kSati athavA anavasthA doSa, anyathA parapakSa kI kSati bhI pratIta hotI hai / dArzanika dRSTi se pUrNa nimnastha zloka bhI darzanIya hai"sammelanaM no tilavatprasaktirnAndhAzmavaccaitadazkyabhaktiH / sattattavayorasti tadAtmazaktiH pradIpadIptyoriva te'nuzaktiH // 27 jisakA bhAva hai ki tila aura tila kI rAzi meM antara nahIM hotaa| donoM samAna hI hote haiM / andhA patthara ke samAna vyavahAra na karanA hI zreyakara hai / ApakI anuzakti, ApakI preraNA jalate hue pradIpa aura usakI prabhA ke sadRza hai / arthAt pradIpa kI prabhA pradIpa se pRthak nahIM hai vaise hI AtmA aura usakI zakti AtmA se pRthak nahIM hai| aise hI isI sarga kA agrima zloka bhI upAdeya hai... "na satsadaikaM guNasaMgrahatvAd ghRtAdayo modakamastuttattvAt / anaikyamevAsya tathaitu kiMcidekaikato naikymupaitikiNcit||"28 tAtparya hai ki guNAdhAna se hI eka sat sadA nahIM rahatA / ghRta se banA huA modaka ghutAkAra meM hI nahIM dIkhatA / isa prakAra bheda ho, to kucha bheda rahe / parantu ghRta hone se yaha ghuta hI hai, jaise ekatA kI pratIti hotI hai, vaise hI ekatA ho sakatI hai| - jisa prakAra dArA pada bahubacana evaM puliMga hai parantu usakA vAkya artha strIliMga aura aeka hI hotA hai vaise hI aneka meM bhI ekatva kA bhAna hotA hai, yahI ramya vimarza hai / sampUrNa bala pratibimba rUpa meM hai yathArthataH jJAna ke liye eka hI zeSa samajhanA cAhie / isa bhAva ko mahAkavi ne nimna rUpoM meM darzAyA hai -

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18/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana "dArA ivArAtpadavAcyamekamanekamapyetitarAM vivekaH / samastu vstuprtiruupveshmudvodhnaayaastvthvaikshessH||129 aise hI zloka saMkhyA aTThAsI bhI dekhA jA sakatA hai - advaitavAdo'pariNAmabhRtsyAdadRSTa hRdadRSTa virodhakRtsyAt / / kiM yAtu setuM ca tadIyaheturviruddhatA dvIpavatIbhare tu // 130 advaitavAda jo pariNAmavAdI nahIM hai apitu vivartavAda ko svIkAra karatA hai, usameM adRzya kA dRzya se virodha pratIta hotA hai / dvIpasthalI ke liye kauna sA pula ho sakatA hai ? Age ke zloka saMkhyA meM isI kA nirvAha dikhAyA gayA hai - "bhAvaikatAyAmakhilAnuvRttirbhavedabhAve'tha kutaH pravRtti / yataH paTArthI na ghaTaM prayAti he nAtha ! tattvaM tadubhAnupAti // 1 ekatA kI bhAvanA meM sabakI anuvRtti ho jAtI hai / bhava aura bhAva meM kahA~ se pravRtti ho sakatI hai ? kyoMki kapar3e ko cAhane vAlA jahA~ ghaTa rahatA hai, vahA~ nahIM jAtA hai| he prabho ! yahI yathArtha tattva pratIta hotA hai| aise hI adholikhita padya meM aMzAMzI bhAva kA saMketa kiyA gayA hai-- "aMzIha tatkaH khalu yatra dRSTiH zeSaH samantAttadananya sRSTiH / sa Agato'sau punarAgato vA paraM tamanveti jano'tra yadvAka // 132 ___ aMzI yahA~ kauna hai ? jahA~ dRSTi par3atI hai, vahA~ zeSa (aMza) hI sarvatra pratIta hotA hai / ataH sRSTi usase bhinna nahIM hai / vaha AyA athavA punaH punaH AyA parantu jana varga usI se hI sambandha karatA hai / usase bhinna kA bodha nahIM hotA / jaina siddhAnta meM aNuvAda ne AtmA ke anekatva ko svIkAra kiyA hai / isaliye advaitavAda kA virodha hone se AtmA ke nityaikatva ke khaNDana meM chabbIsaveM sarga kA ikyAnaveM zloka diyA gayA hai - .. nityaikatAyAH parihArako'bdaH kSaNasthitestadvinivedi zabdaH / . siddho'dhunArthaH punarAtmabhUpa ! saMjJAnato nitytdnyruupH||133 nityatva aura ekatva kA bAdhaka kSaNa se Arambha kara banane vAlA abda arthAt varSa hai / eka hI vyakti kabhI bAlaka evaM kabhI rAjA bhinna upAdhiyoM se niyukta hone se bhinna rUpa meM samajhA jAtA hai na ki eka hI rUpa meM grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai / amarakoza Adi ke AdhAra se A~kha ke banda karane aura kholane ko nimeSa kahA gayA hai / aTThAraha nimeSa kI eka kASThA hotI hai / tIsa kASThAoM kI eka kalA hotI hai / tIsa kalAoM kA eka kSaNa hotA hai / bAraha kSaNoM kA eka muhurta hotA hai / tIsa muhurta kA eka ahorAtra hotA hai| pandraha ahorAtra kA eka pakSa evaM do pakSoM kA eka mAsa / do-do mAsa kI eka Rtu banatI hai

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prathama adhyAya / 19 / tIna Rtu kA eka ayana, do ayana (uttarAyaNa-dakSiNAyana) kA eka varSa (abda) hyetA hai| isa prakAra varSa ke aneka avayava hone se nityatva aura ekatva donoM sambhava nahIM haiM / isI prakAra AtmA meM bhI nitya ekatva karanA ucita nahIM hai| aise hI zloka saMkhyA bAnaveM meM bhI isI vastu kA vivecana kara tIna prakAra ke tattva para bala diyA gayA hai, jo darzanIya hai "kASThaM yadAdAya sadA kSiNoti halaM taTastho raNakRtkaroti / kRSTA sukhI sArathireva rauti na kastridhA tattvamurIkaroti // 135 taTastha rathakAra (bar3haI) jisa kASTha ko kATa evaM chIlakara hala banAtA hai, jisase kheta jotane vAlA kRSi utpanna kara sukhI hotA hai / isI prakAra rathArUr3ha sArI sukhI evaM netana hone se zabda karatA hai / ataH jaDa, jIva aura AtmA (paramAtmA) ina tIna tattvoM ko kauna nahIM svIkAra karatA hai ? (parantu yaha dhyeya hai ki jaina siddhAntoM meM cetana aNu svarUpa hai ataeva ekatva na hokara anantatva hai)| isI prakAra nimna meM bhI sAmAnya vizeSa bhAva se sAmAnya aura vizeSa ko siddha kiyA gayA hai / yathA "niHzeSatadvyaktigataM naratvaM viziSyate gokulatastatastvam / sAmAnyazeSau tu sataH samRddhau mitho'nuviddhau gatavAnprasiddhau // 36 yahA~ kahA gayA hai ki sAmAnyataH vyakti meM, yaha nara hai naratva kI sthiti pratIti hotI hai / vizeSa rUpa se usakA nAmakaraNa athavA gokula Adi amuka sthAna se AyA huA hai, yaha vizeSa rUpa se bodha hotA hai| isa prakAra sAmAnya aura vizeSa rUpa meM hI satya se anuviddha pratIti hotI hai / yahI vastu jaDa aura cetana meM bhI samajhanI cAhie / Age ke zloka meM isI kA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai - "sadetadekaM ca nayAdabhedAda dvidhA'bhyadhAttvaM cidacitprabhedAt / ... viloDanAbhirbhavatAdavazyamAgyaM ca takraM bhuvi gorasasya // "37.. yahA~ varNana hai ki he bhagavan, vaha yaha eka hai isa abheda siddhAnta ko jaDa aura cetana bheda se Apane do prakAra kA kahA hai / ThIka hI hai, kyoMki loka meM gorasa dugdha ke bane hue dahI ko mathane se ghRta hotA hai / isa prakAra dudha kA hI pariNAma bhUta takra aura dhRta anAdi siddha dvaita darzana ko vyakta karate hue kahA gayA hai / yathA"bhavanti bhUtAni cito'pyakasmAtebhyo'tha sA sAmpratamastu kasmAt / / svalakSaNaM sambhavitAsti yasmAdanAdisiddhaM dvayameva tasmAt // "38 eka citta se bhUta mAtra kI utpatti hotI hai / vaha utpatti jaDa bhUtoM se kyoM mAnI jAya?

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20/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana kyoMki sva lakSaNa jaba sambhava hai to anya svIkAra karanA ucita nahIM / isaliye cetana aura jaDa anAdi siddha haiM / isa prakAra kaha kara abhAvavAdI bauddha ke darzana kA khaNDana karane ke liye mahAkavi ne upAsaka jayakumAra ke mukha se Age ke zloka meM vyakta kiyA hai "yadgomayodAviha vRzcikAdizcicchaktirAyAti vibho anAdiH / .. jano'pyupAdAnavihInavAdI vahniM ca pazyannaraNeH pramAdI // 139 isa zloka meM kahA hai ki gobara aura jala (bhaiMsa ke gobara aura dahI evaM ghoDI kI lIda tathA gadhe ke mUtra) se bicchu Adi kI utpatti dekhI jAtI hai / isaliye abhAvavAdI kA kathana hai ki abhAva se hI anAdi pravAhvAna jagat kI sRSTi huI hai / usake khaNDana meM upAsaka apane deva ko sambodhita karake kaha rahA hai ki, he vibho / samarthazAlin, upAdAna kAraNahInaM bolane vAlA manuSya (abhAvavAdI bauddha) kyA vaha kASTha ke bhItara agni ko dekhate hue bhI pramAda nahIM kara rahA hai / kASTha araNI ke bhItara agni kA nivAsa rahatA hI hai jo dahana karane meM samartha hai / parantu vaha paraspara ragar3a-gharSaNa se hI yajJAdi meM abhivyakta kiyA jAtA hai| Age kA zloka bhI darzana se sambandhita hai / yathA-"zarIramAtrAnubhavAtsunAminnavyApakaM nApyaNukaM bhaNAmi / AtmAnamAtmAGganayAthasti kAmI nakhAcchikhAntaM pulakAbhirAmI // ''40 he sunAmin ! zarIra mAtra ke sparza se hI kAmI jana aGganA ke sparza se apane ko nakhazikha romAMca yukta kara letA hai / phira bhI vaha kahe ki meM vyApaka hU~, eka hU~, yaha kahA~ taka sambhava hogA / 'maiM' vaha avyApaka yA aNu hU~, kucha bhI nahIM kara rahA huuN| niyati ke AdhIna rahane se svatantratA kahA~ hai ? pratyeka karma kI sthiti se doSa mAtra hI hai yA kahA~ hai| kyoMki zubhAzubha karmAnusAra doSa-guNa donoM Ate rahate haiM / ye saba prayoga bhoga viSayoM meM hI haiM / tumhArI utkRSTa vANI isase bhinna hai / pavitra jJAna rUpI naukA se isa saMsAra rUpI nadI ko pAra kiyA jA sakatA hai / ukta bhAva ko mahAkavi ne nimna zloka se vyakta kiyA hai - "svatantratAnyaGa niyatestu kA vA doSaikatA vA pratikarmabhAvAt / bhuktau prayuktau na parAzrayA vAk sarittavArthyaM zucibuddhinAvA // 47 agrima zloka meM bhI darzana kI hI abhivyakti hai"aho kathiicadvibhavetprakRtyA paktirjalasyAnalavatpravRtyA / amatravattatra pastraniSThAM sa muktavA~stvaM jagataH pratiSThAm // 42

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prathama adhyAya /21 isameM sAMkhya siddhAnta para udAsInatA prakaTa karate hue kahA gayA hai ki Azcarya hai| satva, rajasa, tamasa, svarUpa prakRti dvArA bhale hI kisI prakAra yaha sRSTi ho, tathA jaDa, jala yA anala kI bhA~ti usakA vistAra ho, preraNAeM utpanna hoM, parantu pAtra ke AdhIna jalAdi hone se paratantratA siddha hotI hai jo jaDa jagat kI sthiti hai, jise tuma pAra kara cuke ho| punarapi draSTavya hai "sAdhe mudhAhaM mamakAravezaM saMklezadezaM jitavAnazeSam / prakSINadoSAvaraNe'tha cidvAnsama stamArAtsphuTameva vidvAn // '43 he paropakArin ! vyartha hI maiMne kleza ke sthAna mUlabhUta mamatA para vijaya prApta kiyaa| kyoMki doSa AvaraNa ke naSTa hone para citta svarUpa samasta svataH prApta ho jAtA hai / yaha vidvAn ke liye sarvathA sugama hai| - zloka saMkhyA eka sau eka meM kahA gayA hai ki eka hI ke dvArA sampUrNa vastu utpanna hai / yaha jo loga anumAna karate hai, vaha kahA~ taka ucita hai ? kyoMki uparimita kA nirmAtA kauna ho sakatA hai ? isa bhU-maNDala meM asamarthatAvaza vyakti upanetra (cazmA) ke dvArA kisI se sune hue padArtha ko dekhatA hai aise hI jisa vastu ke jJAna meM zakti nahIM hai vahA~ veda ke dvArA sampUrNa padArthoM ko prApta kara yukti ke dvArA loga vahA~ use dekhate haiM / isa bhAva ko kavi ne adholikhita padya se vyakta kiyA hai - "yanmIyate bastvakhilapramAtA bhavedameyasya tu ko vidhAtA / zrutyAkhilArthAdhigamo'pyazaktyAvalokyate bhuvyupnetryktyaa||144 aise sthaloM kA koI bodha nahIM karAtA, na to koI mArga hI pratIta koI hI guru isa prakAra kI vANI kI sampatti kA bodha nahIM karA pAtA hai / yukti aura Agama ke dvArA virodha zUnya doSa rahita eka Apa hI pratIta hote haiM / isa prakAra deva kI bArambAra prazaMsA kara evaM indrAdi ke jIvana ko bhI tuccha batalAkara upAsya deva kI vANI kA Adara kara jayakumAra ke mAdhyama se sarga-samApti kI gayI hai / isa prakAra kavi bhUrAmala jI zAstrI ko agAdha pANDitya prApta thaa| unakA vyAkaraNa, darzana, kAvya, saMgIta Adi para samAna adhikAra thA / bhAratIya saMskRti ke prati unameM apAra zraddhA thI / gRhastha jIvana ko unhoMne uttama sthAna pradAna kiyA hai / yajJa-karma-anuSThAna-jJAnavairAgya ke prati unameM amiTa bhAva thA / yahI kAraNa hai ki unake vizAla kAvya meM bhAratIyatA kA koI pakSa achutA nahIM rahA aura darzana vizeSakara jaina darzana ke liye ve samarpita the / isaliye sampUrNa kAvya hI tadartha aura tadupadezaparaka hai / unake vyaktitva kA Akalana sImita zabdoM meM sambhava nahIM hai| * * *

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22 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana phuTa noTa 1. zrImAn zreSThicaturbhujaH sa suSuve bhUrAmalopAhvayaM, vANIbhuSaNamastriyaMghRtavarIdevI ca yaM dhI ca yaM / tenAsminnudite jayodayanayaproddhArasArAtrizrataH, - nAnAnavyanivedanAtizayavAn sargo'yamAdirgataH // ja.ma.1/114 2. vinamAmi tu sanmatikamakAmaM dyAmitakaimahitaM jagati tamAm / guNinaM jJAnAnandamudAsaM rucAM sucAruM pUrtikaraM kau / ja.ma. 28/101 3. dravyadezasamayasvabhAvataH paryayo'sti nikhilasya cetstH| ___vRddhihAniniyamo'pi bhojanA:nnisambhratimArgadezanA(?) // ja.ma. (pra.saM.) 2/119 4. ja.ma. 1/20 5. ja.ma. 1/95 6. vahI, 4/16 7. ja.ma. 11/87 8. ja.ma. 7/53 . 9. ja.ma. 7/54 10.ja.ma. 5/90 11.vahI, 6/89 12. ja.ma. 7/73 13.ja.ma. 8/21, 22, 23 14.ja.ma. 8/49 15. ja.ma. 8/89 16.ja.ma. 8/47 17.ja.ma. 2/120 18. ativRSTiranAvRSTirmuSikA salabhAH sgaaH| pratyAsannAzca rAjAnaH SaDetA iitysmRtaaH|| ma.smR. 19. daNDayAMstu daNDayed daNDairadaNDayAn daNDayennahi / . adaNDayan nRpo daNDayAn na daNDayAMzcApi daNDayan // nRpatirvAcyatAM prApya caurakilviSamApnuyAt // kA.pu. 20. ja.ma. 3/1 21.ja.ma. 2/87 22.vahI, 2/109 - 23.ja.ma. 11/95 24. ja.ma. 26/80 25.ja.ma. 26/82 26.ja.ma. 26/83, 84 27. ja.ma. 26/85 28.ja.ma. 26/86 29.ja.ma. 26/87 30.vahI, 26/88 31. vahI. 26/99 32.ja.ma. 26/90 33.vahI, 26/91 34. aSTAdazanimeSAstu kASThA trizattu tAH kalA / tAstu triMzatzaNastetu muhUrto dvAdazastriyAm // te tu trizaMdahorAtraH pakSaste dazapaMca ca / * pakSau pUrvAparau zuklakRSNau mAsastu tAvubhau // dvau-dvau mArgadimAsau syAdRtustaizyanaMtritriH / ayane dve gati rudagdakSiNarkasya vatsaraH // - a.ko 1/4/11, 12, 13 35. ja.ma. 26/92 3 6.ja.ma. 26/93 37. ja.ma. 26/94 38.vahI, 26/95 39. ja.ma. 26/96 4 0.vahI, 26/97 4 1. ja.ma. 26/98 42.vahI, 26/99 43. ja.ma. 26/100 44.vahI, 26/101 000

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ka dvitIya - adhyAya 'jayodaya mahAkAvya' kI kathAvastu kathA - vibhAga, srota evaM aitihAsikatA

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jayodaya mahAkAvya kI kathA vastu prathamaH sargaH jayodaya mahAkAvya ke prathama sarga meM sarvaprathama jina bhagavAn kI vaMdanA kI gayI hai, zrI RSabhadeva tIrthaMkara ke samaya bhagavAn jina sena ke icchAnusAra apUrva guNoM se sampanna mahArAja jayakumAra hastinApura ke zAsaka hue, jinakI kathA eka bAra zravaNa se bhI amRta pIne kI icchA vyartha pratIta hotI hai| amRta kevala kAmasvarUpa eka hI puruSArtha pradAna karatA hai / parantu mahArAja jayakumAra kI kathA dharmArtha, kAma mokSa ina cAroM puruSArthoM ko pradAna karane vAlI hai| inake lIlA kathA ke smaraNa mAtra se iha loka-paraloka donoM pavitra ho jAte haiM / aisI sthiti meM granthakAra kA kathana hai ki merI vANI jo kathA kA sevana karegI vaha kyoM na pavitra hogI ? yaha vAkyArtha naiSadhakAra harSa kI paMkti kA sAkSAt anusaraNa karatA hai / yathA - "pavitramatrA tanute jagadhuge smRtA rasakSAlanayeva yatkathA / kathaM na sA mandiramAvilAmapi svasevinImeva pavitrayiSyati // " mahArAja jaya kumAra kI kathA kA vizeSa mahatva pradarzana kiyA gayA hai / akampana kI putrI sulocanA jayakumAra ke yaza Adi ko sunatI hai tathA rAjA jayakumAra pavitra tejasvinI vanitA maNDala meM zreSTha guNa zAlinI sulocanA ke guNoM kI apane darabAriyoM se sunatA hai / isa prakAra donoM eka dUsare ke prati prema rakhane lagate haiM / __tataH kisI samaya jayakumAra ko muni rAja ke darzana hue / navanItavat komala cittavAle jayakumAra ne munirAja kI tIna bAra parikramA kara hAthoM ko jor3akara namratApUrvaka unake sAmane baiTha gaye aura RSirAja se bole ki he bhagavan ! duHkha pUrNa sthiti meM nivAsa karane vAle hama gRhasthoM ke liye kyA karaNIya hai ? kyA akaraNIya hai ? isakA upadeza kareM / tataH Agama zAstrAnusAra ucita evaM manorama AcAra kA munirAja ne upadeza kiyA, jisakA vivaraNa dvitIya sarga me diyA gayA hai| sarga kI samApti meM naiSadhakAra kI bhA~ti vANIbhUSaNa brahmacArI bhUrAmala zAstrI ne bhI apanA paricaya diyA hai - "zrImAna zreSThi caturbhujaH sa suSuve bhUrAmalopAhvayaM, vANIbhUSaNamastriyaM ghRtavarI devI ca yaM dhIcayaM / tenAsminnudite jayodayanayaproddhArasArAzrito, nAnAnavya-nivedanAtizayavAn sago'yamAdirgataH // "

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dvitIya adhyAya /25 dvitIyaH sargaH 'isa sarga meM samyak hita karane vAle jina bhagavAn ko niyama pUrvaka vaddhAMjali ke sAtha praNAma kara munirAja ne mukta kaNTha se gRhastha dharma kA upadeza kiyA hai / isa prakAra RSirAja ne saMhitA zAstra, suptazAstra prabhRtizAstroM kA jayakumAra ke liye anekoM prakAra kA upadeza kiyA / tataH niSiddha vastuoM kA varNana kiyA yathA - yUta krIDA, mAMsa, madirA, parAGganA, mRgayA, corI, vaizyAgAmitA, nAstikatA ina sabhI kA manuSya ko tyAge karanA cAhie anyathA sArI pRthvI ApadAoM se bhara jaayegii| upadeza zravaNakara mahAbhAga jayakumAra apane bhavana ko lauTa rahe the to sAtha meM upadeza ko sunane vAlI sarpiNI ko eka dina anya sarpa se anurakta huI dekhakara hAtha meM sthita kamala se use bhayabhIta kiyA kyoMki vidvAn anucita sthAna meM rati ko kaise sahana kara sakatA hai - "sahet vidvAn apadekuto ratam" "gatAnugatikolokaH" ke AdhAra se anya logoM ne bhI usa sarpiNI ko pITA / mRtyu ko prApta huI vaha sarpiNI apane pati ke sAtha devAGganA banakara pahuMcI / vaha anyamanaska hokara punaH jayakumAra ke prati IrSyA rakhatI huI apane pati deva ko sArA vRttAnta kaha sunAyI / apanI kAminI ke kathana para anta:karaNa se vizvAsa kiyA huA krodhAbhibhUta vaha yakSa jayakumAra ko mArane hetu AyA / usa samaya jayakumAra apanI priyatamAoM ke samakSa pUrva ghaTanA kA yathArtha varNana kara rahe the, jise sunakara vaha devarUpadhArI sarpa ajJAnatA se dUra ho apane mana meM apanI kulaTA strI kI kuTilatA para vicAra karane lagA / ___tataH ratiprabha nAmaka devarUpadhArI sarpa striyoM kI nindA karate hue gajapatta nareza jayakumAra ke samIpa pahu~cA aura apanI strI kI nindA kara evaM rAjA kI prazaMsA kara unakA sevaka bana gayA / tataH jayakumAra ke Adeza se apane ghara ko cala diyA / tRtIyaH sargaH isa sarga meM mahAkavi ne prathama jayakumAra kI sabhA kA varNana kiyA hai / punaH sabhA meM siMhAsanArUr3ha mahArAja jayakumAra ke pAsa kAzI nareza akampana kA dUta Akara mahArAnI suprabhA ke kukSi se utpanna evaM candrikA kI bhA~ti pRthvI para prasannatA kI dhArA bahAne vAlI, ikSu yaSTi kI bhA~ti pratidina uttarottara sarasatA se bharI huI, jagaT AhlAda kAriNI, nitya navIna zobhA ko dhAraNa karane vAlI, kAmadeva ko pragaTa karane vAlI candralekhA kI bhA~ti vaha kaumArAvasthA ko pAra kara cukane vAlI kintu svAbhAvika sneha ke kAraNa kAmadeva se avalezita, anupama saundarya yukta vANI meM syAdvAda kI vicitratA se pUrNa ramaNI ratna mUrdhanyA kAzI nareza mahArAja akampana kI putrI sulocanA ke svayaMvara kA samAcAra detA hai / svayaMvara samAcAra ko sunakara sulocanA parigrahArtha kAzI prasthAna ke liye utkaNThita mahArAja jaya kumAra ne mastaka para maNimaya mukuTa ko dhAraNa kara, zrI tIrthaGkara ke caraNoM para

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26 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana pramANa kara prasthAna kiyA / jisa prakAra samyak darzana, jJAna, caritra rUpa tIna sAdhanoM se gamana karane vAle caturdaza guNa sthAnoM ko prApta karane vAle zveta dhyAna dvArA mukti prApta kara lI jAtI hai, usI prakAra caudaha lagAma ko dhAraNa karane vAle, jala-thala - AkAza tIna mArgoM se gamana karane vAle zveta ghor3oM se zIghra hI jayakumAra kAzI pahu~ce / tata: kAzI nareza usa jayakumAra ko sAdara nagara meM le gaye tathA prema ke sAtha AvAsAdi kA samIcIna prabandha kiyA / caturthaH sargaH sulocanA ke svayaMvara kA samAcAra pAkara bharata cakravartI ke putra arkakIrti calane ke liye utsuka hote haiM / kintu sumati nAmaka mantrI ne kahA ki mahArAja ApakA jAnA ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki guNavAn vyakti ko binA nimantraNa ke nahIM jAnA caahie| isake pazcAt sahasA durmati nAmaka mantrI pahu~cakara bolA ki sArvajanika avasaroM para jo jAtA hai, usake liye nimantraNa rahatA hI hai / isaliye avazya caleM / tataH aSTacandra narapati svayaM varArtha saMgaThita sabhA meM jAne ke liye udyata ho gayA tathA saja-dhaja kara kAzI nagarI ko zIghra pahu~ca gayA / bharata - putra arkakIrti ko Aye hue jAnakara akampana ne hAtha meM upahAra lekara unakA svAgata kiyA tathA nivAsArtha rAjabhavana hI batA diyaa| snAnAdi kriyAnantara arkakIrti ne svayaMvara sabhA meM sulocanA ke dvArA varaNa na kiye jAne ke paristhiti para vicAra karate hue anta meM usake apaharaNa kA nizcaya karatA hai / yaha sunakara usake nikaTastha sevakoM ne apane-apane DhaMga se sujhAva peza kiye / antataH durmati ne sulocanA ke Age-Age calane vAle kaMcukI ko samajhAkara sulocanA se arkakIrti ko mAlyArpaNa karAne ke prayAsa ke prastAva kA sabhI se samarthana prApta kara kaMcukI se vinamra prastAva rakhatA hai / mahendra kaMcukI se manonukUla uttara ko prAptakara prasannatA ke sAtha arkakIrti ke pAsa pahu~cakara bolA ki Iza to bhagavAn RSabhadeva hI haiM Apa logoM kA abhISTa pUrA hogA / kisI ne kahA hamAre prabhu nava-vadhU ke svAmI bneNge| miSThAnna evaM gIta sunane ke pAtra hama loga baneMge / I isa prakAra hAsya vinoda mahotsavAnantara zarad RturUpI nAyikA dekhane ke lie A phuNcii| zarad kA varNana vistRta rUpa se kiyA gayA hai, usI ke varNana meM sarga kI samApti kI gayI hai / paMcamaH sargaH paMcama sarga meM svayaMvara kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, jisameM zastra - zAstra nipuNa vIroM kA Agamana huA hai / kucha loga utsava darzana kI icchA se tathA katipaya sulocanA ke apaharaNa kI icchA se pahu~ce / kAzI rAja ne Agantuka logoM ko sundara nivAsa sthAna dekara samayocita

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dvitIya adhyAya / 27 bhASaNa, mAlyadAna, vinayAdi dvArA bhavya svAgata kiyA / pRthvI kI ratna sulocanA hetu dikpAla bhI pahu~ce / sarva prathama pahu~cane kI icchA se AgantukoM ke kAraNa rAja-mArga kA tila mAtra bhI sthAna rikta nahIM thA / jagat ke sabhI rAjA A pahu~ce to mahArAja jayakumAra bhI padhAre, jisase vaha sabhA aura bhI nikhara pdd'ii| una para saba rAjakumAroM kI Azcarya maya dRSTi pdd'ii| vaha svayaMvara sabhA bhI indra sabhA se bhI bar3hakara thI / kyoMki indra sabhA meM eka zukra, eka vRhaspati aura eka candramA hai| yahA~ anekoM zukra (kavi) vRhaspati (vidvAn) evaM candra virAjamAna the 1 tata: akampana ke jyeSTha bhrAtA citrAGgada mahArAja kI AjJAkAriNI vidyArUpI buddhi devI se samAgata rAjakumAroM kA mahArAja akampana ne guNa varNana prArambha karavA diyA / tadanantara yuvakoM ke mana meM rati ke samAna harSotpAdikA, daridroM ke liye lakSmI ke sadRza, zobhanAGgI, bimba phalAdharoSThI, sulocanA uttama, nUtana nirmala, prAGgaNa se yukta sabhA madhya meM pahu~cI / SaSThaH sargaH SaSTha sarga meM samAgata rAjakumAroM kA vidyA devI dvArA paricaya evaM kanyA dvArA jayakumAra ke gale meM mAlArpaNa dikhAyA gayA hai / sarga meM zleSa, virodhAbhAsa Adi kA vizeSa prayoga kiyA gayA hai / bhU-maNDala meM sammAnita eka-eka rAjAoM kA rAjukamArI sulocanA ke liye paricaya dene lagI, jisa prakAra AcArya vidyAnanda kI mati tattvArtha sUtra kA artha batalAtI hai, usI prakAra kaMcukI dvArA sUcita tattat rAjakumAroM ke sambandha meM arkakIrti, kaliGgAdhipati, kAmarUpAdhipa, kAMcIpati, kAvilarAja, mAlavadezAdhipati prabhRti jo bhI dharaNIpati pahu~ce the, vidyAdevI ne sabakA zIghratA se varNana kiyA / tadanantara meghezvara jayakumAra kI sampatti, vIratA, vaibhava Adi kA varNana sunakara nAtavadanA sulocanA ne akSara mAlA ke samAna apanI nizcala varamAlA ko kampana yukta hAthoM se jayakumAra gale meM DAla dI / sulocanA ke roma bAla bhAva dhAraNa karane vAle vara kI zobhA dekhane hetu garadana ko Upara uThAkara khar3e ho gaye / jayakumAra ke nirmala hRdaya meM pratibimbita mAlA kucha bhItara praviSTa huI kucha Upara uThI huI se aisA pratIta huI mAno yaha kAmadeva kI vANa paramparA hai| isa prakAra sulocanA ke mAlyArpaNa ko dekhakara anya rAjakumAroM ke mukha malina ho gaye / jayakumAra kA mukha adhika prasanna ho uThA / jayakumAra aura sulocanA ke paraspara prazasta mela ko dekhakara AkAza se puSpa varSA 1

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28/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana tadanantara vandI janoM kI virudAvalI prArambha huI / prasannacitta jayakumAra arthiyoM ko ratnAdi sampatti detA huA zivira meM praveza kiyA / chaThe sarga kI samApti meM SaDAracakrazloka dvArA nRpati paricaya prakaTa kiyA gayA hai / saptamaH sargaH saptama sarga meM arkakIrti ke sevaka durmarSaNa dvArA svayaMvara ke viruddha kolAhala macAyA gayA hai / mantriyoM ke samajhAne para bhI vaha kolAhala rukA nahIM / arkakIrti ne raNabherI bajAkara yuddha kI ghoSaNA kara dii| durmarSaNa kahate haiM ise maiM svayaMvara nahIM samajhatA kintu idaMkara hai kyoMki kanyA ne parAnujJA se mAlA DAlI hai / mAyAviyoM kI mAyA saralatA se samajha meM nahIM AtI / kAzI nareza ne apane ahaMkAra se yahA~ chala kiyA hai / yadi aisA na hotA to vidyA devI ke mukha se vipula ripu-maNDala ke rahane para bhI jayakumAra ke guNoM kA hI vizeSa rUpa se varNana kyoM hotA / isa prakAra ghoSaNA karatA huA vaha cakravartiputra jayakumAra ko upahAsa, vyaGgayAtmaka aneka vAkyoM se kumbhakAra rajaka Adi banA diyA / isa prakAra durmarSaNa ke anekazaH uttejaka vANI ke prabhAva se bharata samrATa ke putra arkakIrti ke netra lAla ho gaye tathA usake vAgvahni se bharata ke putra mukha se vahuzaH zabdAGgAra nikalane lge| ve bole he mitra! yaha akampana apane nAmArtha para vizvAsa karatA hai kintu merA krodha parvatavat acala rAjAoM ke bhI kampakA kAraNa bana jAtA hai| isako yaha jAnatA nahIM hai ki merA sudRr3ha muSTi khaDga kAzIpati akampana kA nAza kara usa prazasta kanyA ko yahA~ laayegaa| isa samaya jayakumAra ke bala kA dhairya saMgrAma meM yama jihvA sadRza khaDga ke dhAroM se dekhA jaayegaa| maiM nIti vidyA vizArada huuN| yoga se vijaya lakSmI evaM varamAlA donoM ko grahaNa karU~gA kyoMki nIti vijJa apane bhujabala para vizvAsa rakhate haiN| isa prakAra arkakIrti ne bahuzaH udgAra vyakta kiyaa| tadanantara nirdoSa mantrI ke dvArA arkakIrti ko vividha DhaMga se samajhAye jAne para bhI mArakeza kI dazA ke adhIna hotA huA arkakIrti mantrI ke upadezAmRta ko anAdara kara yuddha ke liye utkRSTa doSoM se yukta ho gyaa| ra yaha samAcAra sunakara akampana mantriyoM se parAmarza kara arkakIrti ko samajhAne hetu eka dUta ko preSita kiyA evaM dUta arkakIrti ke pAsa pahu~cakara akampana ke sandezoM ko kahA / pratyuttara meM arkakIrti ne aneka asahya vacana kahe evaM dUta ne bhI kaTu bhASaNa karake prasthAna kara diyA / punaH dUta akampana se arkakIrti ke yathArthavRtAnta ko kaha diyA / sunakara akampana pakSa ke loga bhI yuddha ke liye udyata ho gye|

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dvitIya adhyAya /29 isa prakAra 103 zloka paryanta arkakIrti kA raNa prasthAna tathA Age ke zlokoM meM yuddhArtha sajI huI senA kA varNana cakrabandha vRtta ke dvArA dikhAkara saptama sarga kI samApti kI gayI hai| aSThamaH sargaH aSTama sarga meM arkakIrti evaM jayakumAra ke dala se bhayaGkara yuddha dikhAyA gayA hai / jisameM varNita hai ki sainya ke bhayaGkara zabdoM se AkAza bhara gayA / sUrya mAno bhaya ke kAraNa uThI dhUli se chipa gayA / uThI huI dhUli se ghane andhakAra meM hAthoM meM caMcala camakatI huI khaDga paMkti ko bijalI samajhakara mayUra zAvaka ke-ke dhvani karane lage / sUrya ke Dhaka jAne evaM AkAza meM atyanta ghane andhakAra se vyApta hone ke kAraNa yuddha karate hue vIroM ke rakta pravAha meM saMdhyA kAla kI zobhA prakaTa ho gyii| usa samaya meM gajArohI-gajArohI para padAtipadAti para, rathI-rathI para, azvArohI-azvArohI para AkramaNa karane lagA / isa prakAra tulya pratidvandiyoM kA yuddha hone lagA / vividha rUpoM meM donoM pakSoM meM bhayaMkara ghamAsAna yuddha huA / arkakIrti pakSa kI tulanA meM jayakumAra apane ko tuccha samajhane lagA jisase nAgacara deva kA Asana kampita ho uThA kyoMki puNyazAlI vyakti kA vahAva deva ko anukUla banA letA hai / usa nAgacara deva ne nAgapAza aura ardhacandra vANa pradAna kiyA / jayakumAra usa kI sahAyatA se zatruoM ko Atma samarpaNa karA diyA evaM arkakIrti ko nAgapAza se bA~dhakara apane ratha para DAla diyaa| aneka logoM ne usake vijaya ke kAraNa ko aneka DhaMga se mAnA / lekina granthakartA kI dRSTi meM sulocanA dvArA arhan ke sadguNoM kI stuti hI kAraNa hai| yuddhotpanna pApa kI nivRtti ke liye mahArAja akampana ne arhan deva kI pUjA kI, pazcAt aparAjita mantra japa karane vAlI sulocanA ko sneha bharI dRSTi se dekhA evaM bole - 'he putri! arhan deva kI kRpA se tere icchAnusAra vIraziromaNi jayakumAra ko vijaya prApta huyI / he mAnanIyA ! mamatA chor3o ghara calo aisA kahakara usake sAtha mahArAja akampana ghara cala diye| isa prakAra cakrabandha dvArA arka parAbhava meM aSTama sarga kI samApti kI gayI hai / navamaH sarga: navama sarga meM dikhAyA gayA hai ki jayakumAra kI vijaya evaM arkakIrti kI parAjaya se mahArAja akampana prasanna na hokara anyamanaska ho gaye / aura arkakIrti ko prasanna karane kA upAya socane lage / socA ki akSamAlA nAma kI dUsarI kanyA arkakIrti ko prasannatA hetu arpaNa kara dene se hI mujhameM prasannatA A sakatI hai / vyAkulatA ko dUra karane ke liye anya koI gati nahIM hai aisA socakara akampana senA vinAzaka arkakIrti ke pAsa pahu~ce / aneka prakAra se anunaya-vinaya kara apanI putrI akSamAlA ko grahaNa karane kA nivedana kiyA

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30/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana isa prakAra akampana ke kahane para jayakumAra ke virodhI arkakIrti kA roSa dUra ho gayA / tataH parAjita arkakIrti ne akampana se apanI avivekitA aura ajJAnatA ko svIkAra karate hue apanI hI nindA kI / jayakumAra ne bhI arkakIrti se kSamA nivedana kiyA jo vistRta rUpoM meM varNita hai / samara meM jisa prakAra paraspara virodha huA usI prakAra katipaya kSaNoM meM hI punaH bhela bhI ho gyaa| arkakIrti - jayakumAra kA yaha milana tInoM pakSoM ke liye AnandadAyaka bnaa| anta meM sumArga vijJa mahArAja akampana ne sulocanA kI anujA akSamAlA ko bhagavAn jina kA smaraNa kara cakravartI putra arkakIrti ko arpaNa kara diyaa| tataH akampana ne apane hRdaya se abhinna, guNa-doSa vicAra meM samartha, vipatti nivAraka, sumukha nAmaka dUta ko cakravartI bharata ke pAsa bhejA / dUta bharata ke pAsa pahu~cakara apane svAmI ke sandeza ko cakravartI se nivedana kiyaa| ____cakravartI samrATa mahArAja bharata aneka prakAra se akampana Adi kI prazaMsA karate hue eka acche samrATa kI bhA~ti, vinamra vANI meM bole ki he vicakSaNa ! lakSaNa se vicAra karane para sulocanA ke pitA uttama puruSa haiM aura jayakumAra bhI mahAmanA udAracitta haiM, kevala arkakIrti tIkSNa svabhAva vAlA hai, aisA samajho / isa prakAra cakravartI bharata ke uttama vacana ko sunakara dUta bolA he sudarzana ! ApakA teja mitra sUrya para bhI vijaya prApta kare / ApakI mahimA pRthvI parimANa vAlI evaM adbhuta hai / yadyapi sudarzana durjana saMhAraka hai parantu sajjana kA pratipAdaka bhI hai / isa prakAra vaha dUta cakravartI bharata kI mahimA gAna kara tathA unake prati punaH anurAga pradarzita kara unakI caraNadhUli ko lekara prasthAna kiyA / lauTakara akampana se samAcAra nivedana kiyA / akampana bhI prasanna hokara bhAvI kArya meM laga gye| . isa prakAra bharataravana nAmaka cakrabandha se isa sarga kI samApti kI gayI hai / dazamaH sarga : .. dazama sarga meM vivAhotsava kI taiyArI kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / ghana-suSira - tanataAnaddha cAra prakAra ke bAje bajane lage / sulocanA ko sakhiyoM ne use sajAyA / mahArAja akampana ne jayakumAra ko bulAne ke liye sevakoM ko bhejA / jayakumAra ko inake AtmIya vyaktiyoM ne sjaayaa| prajA janoM dvArA rAjamArga vyApta ho gayA / striyoM meM zIghratA karane kI sthiti utpanna ho gayI / jayakumAra ko dekhakara striyA~ paraspara nAnA prakAra kI bAteM karane lagIM ki he sakhI! maiM samajhatI hU~ ki sundarI sulocanA ke prazaMsanIya AcaraNa, rAjA akampana kA caritra tathA kaviyoM kA chandobaddha guNa-gAna se trailokya kA pUrNa sukha isa vara ke vyAja se ekatrita ho

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dvitIya adhyAya /31 gayA hai / isa prakAra jayakumAra ke sambandha meM aneka logoM ne aneka prakAra kI bAteM kiiN| - , tataH akampana bhavana meM jayakumAra ke pahuMcane kA varNana tathA maMgala-maNDapa kA manohArI varNana kiyA gayA hai| tadanantara jayakumAra aura sulocanA kA parasparAvalokana karAkara sarga kI samApti kara dI gayI hai| ekAdazaH sarga : ekAdaza sarga meM jayakumAra ke mukha se sulocanA kA saundarya varNana dikhAyA gayA hai| yaha sampUrNa sarga isI meM samApta kiyA gayA hai / jaise sarva prathama sulocanA ke saundaryAmRta pravAha kI nadI meM jayakumAra ke nayanamIna yugala khelane lage / jayakumAra utkaNThApUrvaka sulocanA ko dekhane lagA / avalokana krama meM prathama mukha tataH vakSasthala kI ora dRSTi gayI / sulocanA kI trivalI rUpI sopAna paMkti kA Azraya lekara zanaiH zanaiH nAbhirUpI sarovara meM jayakumAra kI tRSNA se bharI huI dRSTi pahu~cI / tadanantara punaH sundara caraNa kamaloM meM sthira huI / buddhimatI, zIlavatI sulocanA kI jaMghAe~ gola, sadAcAra sampanna zreSTha varNa evaM svarNa pratima batAyI gayI haiN| isakA nitamba guru hai, Upara kI ora stana maNDala bhI guru hai / isa kAraNa madhyabhAga (kaTi pradeza) pratIta nahIM hotA / kSamAzIlA sulocanA ne guru stana bhAra se kaTi pradeza kahIM naSTa na ho jAya, isa vicAra se hI mAno kaTi ko karadhanI se lapeTakara nirvighna kara liyA nAyikAoM ke nirmANa meM sarvaprathama saSTi sarasvatI kI hai / tataH dUsarI sRSTi lakSmI kI, jo sundaratara huI / tatpazcAt tIsarI sRSTi sulocanA kI huI / yaha sulocanA sundaratama svarUpA huI / ina tInoM ko batAne ke liye mAno brahmA ne sulocanA ke zarIra meM trivalI ke rUpa meM tIna rekhAoM kA nirmANa kiyA / - isI prakAra oSTha, hAtha, mukha, nAsikA, netra, keza, palaka (nimeSa) Adi aMgoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / punaH punaH aGgoM para dRSTipAta karake varNana kA rUpa dekara isa ekAdaza sarga kI samApti kara dI gayI hai / dvAdazaH sarga: isa mahAkAvya kA dvAdaza sarga sarasvatI evaM RSiyoM kI vandanA se Arambha hotA hai| jayakumAra pApa vinAzaka dharmacakra se kalyANa kI yAcanA karate haiM / punaH arcanoparAnta sulocanA ne cirakAla ke bAda prApta hue jayakumAra ko varamAlA pahanA detI hai / kamalamAlA paridhApanAntara sulocanA lajjA anubhAva se namra ho gayI hai /

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32 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana isa avasara para mahArAja akampana ne sAhasapUrvaka kahA ki merI putrI isa samaya dAna dene yogya hai vaha Apake prasanna caraNoM kI sevikA bane yaha merA dRr3ha saMkalpa hai| __jayakumAra ne kahA he zvasura ! merI buddhi sulocanA kI abhilASiNI hai, ataH mujhe prApta ho / ___sulocanA kI mAtA suprabhA ne kahA vaha mujhe prANoM se priya hai, astu Apake liye vaha prasAda rUpa meM hai| mahArAja akampana ke dvArA kanyAdAna ke sambandha meM donoM kuloM ke pavitratA, abhyudaya Adi ke udghoSa kA vara pakSIya vyaktiyoM dvArA samarthana huA / tataH gRhasthoM ke liye zAstrokta chaH karma pratidina ke liye batAe gaye haiM / kanyA pakSa ke dvArA bhI ina donoM ke sambandha kA samarthana huA / tadanantara donoM ke samucita saMskAroM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / vIra jayakumAra ke hAtha para sundarI sulocanA kA hAtha par3ane se bhaviSya meM puruSAyita ceSTA kA yaha sUcaka hai, aisA socakara sakhiyoM kA samUha ha~sa par3A / punaH kara pAsa aura kuza sUtroM se una donoM kA kaGkaNa bandhana huaa| tadanantara havana kAlika lAjA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / jaina darzana ke anusAra sAta parama sthAna pada mAne gaye haiM, isakA varNana mahAkAvya meM vistRta DhaMga se huA hai / punaH mahArAja akampana dvArA vivAhotsava kAla meM dAna saptapadI ke paNa tathA dampati dvArA kAmanA kI abhivyakti evaM paMca parimeSTi arhanta Adi kI puSpAMjali kA arpaNa tataH ziSTAcAra Adi dikhAyA gayA hai| tadanantara saba loga milakara suspaSTa rUpa se sadbhAvanA se bhagavAn jinendra deva kI stuti karane lage ki bhagavAn kI stuti hama logoM kI manovAcchita siddhi pradAna kare / isa prakAra sulocanA aura jayakumAra ke vivAha varNana ke mAdhyama se dvAdaza sarga kI samApti kI gayI hai| trayodazaH sarga : terahaveM sarga meM kAzI nareza akampana ke yahA~ se vidA hokara jayakumAra ke prasthAna kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / jayakumAra ne hastinApura gamana ke liye mahArAja akampana se prArthanA kI / akampana ne mauna dhAraNa kiye hue jayakumAra ke caraNoM ko azru binduoM se abhiSikta kara unake mastaka para akSata chor3A / prasthAna kAlika bherI Adi bajane lage / astabala meM hAthI ko AstaraNa jhUle Adi lagA diyA, sArathI ne ratha ko sajAkara ghor3oM ke mukha meM lagAma lagA diyA / bherI Adi vAdya ko sunakara padAti loga bhI calane

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dvitIya adhyAya / 33 ke liye taiyAra ho gaye / dUsaroM se aspRzya mahAsatI sulocanA ko jayakumAra ne svayaM U~ce ratha para baiThAyA / vidA ke samaya meM sulocanA kI mAtA usase bolI he putri ! tumako vidA karane se merA mana bahuta khinna ho rahA hai kintu lalanA jAti ke liye yaha vyavahAra nahIM hai, isaliye tuma jaao| ___ jayakumAra ke prasthAna kAla meM agragAmI vyavasthApaka jana samudAya dvArA mArga kI bhIr3a ko dUra karane kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, jisase sasainya jayakumAra ke calane meM suvidhA ho sake / jana samudAya madhurAlaya ke sAtha jayakumAra kA anugamana karatA huA praNAma kara apane deza kI sImA se lauTa aayaa| tataH sulocanA evaM rAjA akampana ke putroM ke sAtha jayakumAra Age bddh'aa| jayakumAra sabase sammAnita hokara gaja paMkti azvarAji evaM jana samUha tathA sulocanA ke sAtha anekazaH hAsya vinoda karate hue nagara bhUmi ko pArakara phaloM se namra vana bhUmi meM pahu~ce tataH sArathI dvArA usa bhUmi kA sundara varNana kiyA gayA hai / isa prakAra cakravartI bharata ke senApati jayakumAra ke sAmane jAhnavI dikhAyI paDI, jisakA hRdayagrAhI varNana huA hai / punaH jayakumAra zivira meM pahu~cakara sasainya vizrAma kiye / thor3I hI dera meM dukAnadAra zivira ke caturdik dukAneM phailA diye, jinameM jayakumAra ke sAtha-sAtha grAhaka loga bhI paryApta saMkhyA meM apanI AvazyakatAoM ko kharIdane lge| tataH gaMgA snAna evaM vizrAma tathA jala pAna prabhRti kriyAoM kA manorama varNana kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra trayodaza sarga meM jayakumAra ke gaMgA taTa para vizrAma kA varNana kara sarga kI samApti kI gayI hai, jo gaMgAgatajaya isa cakrabandha se sUcita kiyA gayA hai / caturdazaH sarga : caturdaza sarga meM vana vihAra evaM jala krIDA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / gaMgA ke taTa pradeza jo zAntimaya the, usameM janatA kI mahatI ruci utpanna huI / mAno brahmA ke putra nArada ke liye sulalita tAroM se yukta unake utsava ke liye vaha mahatI ruci thI arthAt mahatI nAma kI vINA hI thii| zItala manda sugandha vAyu se saMpRkta vaha ramya pradeza dUra se hI sUrata ke yogya vilakSaNa pratIta huA / isI prakAra latA dvArA vRkSa ke AliGgana ko dekhakara yuvatiyoM meM prazasta nAyikAoM ne nAyaka kA AliGgana kiyaa| jala krIDA ke nimitta jala meM sundariyoM kA praveza huA / priyatama ke hAtha kA samparka sapatnI ke liye duHkhadAyaka ho gayA / capalatAvaza jala meM kisI vilAsavatI ke jaghana pradeza meM phaile hue vastra ko khIMca diyA, jisase nagna krAnti ke byAja se aisA pratIta hotA thA ki mAno yaha kAmadeva ke hetu nirmita kI gayI usakI prazasti hai /

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34 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana sundariyoM ke jaghana pradeza ke AghAtavaza taTa pradeza para pahu~cA huA jala mAlinya ko prApta huA ThIka hI hai jaDa (jala) vyaktiyoM ke liye tiraskAra atyanta kaSTadAyaka hotA hai / isa prakAra jala-vihAra kA varNana dikhAyA gayA hai / ___ anta meM vividha krIDAoM kA varNana kara saridavalamba nAmaka cakravandha se isa sarga kI samApti kI gayI hai| paMcadazaH sarga : - isa sarga meM sandhyA evaM rAtri kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / sandhyAkAla aisA laga rahA thA mAno priyatama ke saMgama hetu utsukatA se bharI huI kAmaniyoM ke raktAnurAga pUrNa kaTAkSa vANoM evaM kamalavasatiyoM kA nikaTatama sambandha hone se sUrya lAlimA ko prApta hone lgaa| jisa prakAra udaya kAla meM sUrya rakta rahatA hai, usI prakAra astakAla meM bhI rakta hI rahatA hai / mahAn- puruSa bhI vipatti aura sampatti donoM kAla meM eka samAna hI rahate haiM / ___idhara sUrya bimba asta ho rahA thA, udhara candrabimba udaya ho rahA thA / mAno krodha se bhare hue hone se kAmadeva ke ye donoM lAla netra haiN| ghara-ghara meM dIpaka jala uThe mAno phaile andhakAra meM sUrya ne apane Tukar3e-Tukar3e kara unase ghara meM virAjamAna ho gayA ho / andhakAra se aisA pratIta hotA hai mAno rAtri AkAza ko hI pAna kara liyA hai / rAtri kA prabhAva phailane se AkAza bhAga dikhAyI nahIM de rahA hai / sandhyAkAla meM kI gayI sakriyAe~ phalavatI hotI haiM / rAtri aisI laga rahI thI mAno prakhara kiraNa sUrya rUpa cANDAla ke samparka se AkAza rUpI bhavana ko dUSita samajhakara rAtri rUpI vadhU andhakAra rUpa gobara se use lIpa rahI ho / isI prakAra candra-bimba, candrodaya, candrikA Adi kA manorama varNana huA hai / ___ isake pazcAt mAninI nAyikA tathA nAyakoM ke pArasparika samvAda ke dvArA hRdya varNana hai / jaise - koI sakhI nAyikA se kaha rahI hai ki he sakhi! tuma bhI sundara aGgavAlI ho cukI ho vaha yuvaka bhI caMcala hai, ye gAr3hI rAtri hai, ekAnta meM hamAre kahe hue vRttAnta kahane yogya haiM, samasyA atyanta pIr3A-dAyinI hai / bhagavAn zaMkara iSTa ko pradAna kareM / isa prakAra kAminI kI anukUla ceSTAoM ko dayA kI bhA~ti pUrNa karane vAlI nAyaka ke prati bhejI gayI dUtI sandeza dvArA sandeza dAnAdi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / isa varNana meM kavi kI kalpanAoM kA utthAna kara sarga kI nizAsamAgama cakrabandha ke dvArA samApti kara dI gayI hai / SoDazaH sarga : solahaveM sarga meM madyapAna goSThI kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| arddharAtri rUpI tIrtha meM kAmadeva snAna karake mAno jaya ke liye nikala par3A / tAruNya vaza eka dUsare ke paraspara upakAra yuvajanoM meM vArtAlApa calane lage / koI kahatA hai - ...... a

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dvitIya adhyAya / 35 adhama nizAcara kAmadeva mujha ekAkI ke pIche lagA huA hai| yadi aSTAGga yama niyamAsanaprANAyAma - pratyAhAra - dhAraNAdhAra samAdhiH' yogasUtra kA avalambana lU~ to kaise nirvAha ho sakatA haiM / mere viraha kA sthAna eka mAtra svayaM mukha hai / Azcarya hai merA mana to ekAnta meM rahane vAlA anurAga rahita hai parantu priyatame tumhArA adharAgra bhAga prApta hai to mana kA anurAga anukUla hogA hii| isI prakAra bahuzaH prema vArtA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / pati ne patnI kA Akasmika nAma liyA Azcarya hai / aisI sthiti meM patnI ke liye dI gayI madirA mada se bhI bar3hakara bhayaGkara ho gayI tathA patnI ke liye kevala madirA ko dekhane mAtra se hI mada aura bar3ha gyaa| madyapAna kara pyAle kA tyAga kI huI, jisake adhara se madhura madya cU rahA thA aisI sundarI ke adhara bhAga kA atyanta Adara se madhura rasAla ke samAna dakSa nAyaka ne tatkSaNa AsvAda kiyA / madyapAna kA vilakSaNa varNana kara kavi ne madyapAna kI adhamatA kA bhI prakAra dikhAyA isa sarga meM nAyaka-nAyikA bheda dRSTi se bhI vyavahAra kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / jisameM nAyaka-nAyikA ke hAva-bhAva, kaTAkSa, vikSepa kA manorama citraNa kara aneka prakAra ke nAyakanAyikAoM ke carcA kA varNana kara rAjA kAmadeva kI stambhana vidyA sundarI kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / tadanantara lAlasotpAdaka svarUpa meM isa sarga kI samApti kara dI gayI hai / saptadazaH sarga : satrahaveM sarga meM rAtri krIDA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / AdyopAnta sarga kA paryavasAna isI meM huA hai / adhikatayA surata vAsanA kA nirdeza dikhAyA gayA hai / atyanta mAnI evaM samRddha viyogiyoM ke citta ko haraNa karane evaM una para prahAra hetu balavAn candramA jaba udita huA to aisA lagA sabhI kAmijana atizaya bhayabhIta hokara ekAnta meM cale gaye / jayakumAra ne surata nimitta sulocanA se yAcanA nahIM kiyA apitu maunatA hI rati ke prati utsukatA kI sUcaka huI / rata pravRtta jayakumAra ne sulocanA ke 'na' "na' jaise padoM ko hI AmantraNa mAnakara latA rUpa sulocanA ko svayaM vRkSa rUpa meM svIkAra kara usake anta:karaNa meM satata bane rahane kA kAmI ho gayA / sulocanA evaM jaya kI vividha manovRttiyoM kA vistAra se varNana karane ke pazcAt unake pratyeka aGgoM kA vilakSaNa varNana karate hue unakI aneka ceSTAoM tathA krIDAoM kA cittAkarSaka varNana kara sarga kI samApti kI gayI hai / jo ziSToM ke suratopahAra ke upayukta samyak sUktiyoM se yukta kriyA evaM ceSTAoM se paripUrNa hai /

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36/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana aSTAdazaH sarga : aTThArahaveM sarga meM prabhAtakAla kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / prabhAtakAla meM sUtagaNa rAjA kI stuti meM pravRtta hote haiM / sUrya ke udaya hone se nirmala prakAza phailegA / sabakA kalyANa hogA / aisA vicAra kara brAhmaNa svastivAcana karane lage / rAtri prabandha kA aizvarya guNazAlI kI bhA~ti jaba samApta hone lagA, manda-manda vAyu bahane lagI, vAyuvaza jala rAzi meM jaba kucha spandana hone lagA taba rAtri zIghratA se nikala gayI / prAta:kAlika vAdyoM kA virAma ho jAne para rAjA ke sthAna para pahu~cakara sUtagaNa rAtri samApti kI sUcanA hetu madhura manorama gAna karane lage / isa prakAra bahuvidha prAbhAtika prakriyA kA samAsokti Adi ke dvArA bar3A hI manorama citraNa hai| tataH rAjAoM ko sambodhana kara sUtagaNa ke kathana kA manorama varNana huA hai / punaH Age kahA gayA hai ki jage hue arhan devopAsaka kA devarSiyoM kI bhA~ti abhinandana karane vAle nandIgaNa niyoga rUpa mantra se stuti kiye| isa prakAra anekavidha hAsyotpAdaka vRtta tathA nAyaka-nAyikA vihAra Adi kA anekazaH varNana kara isa sarga kI samApti kara dI gayI hai| ekonaviMzatiH sarga : yahA~ prathamataH jayakumAra ke dvArA sandhyAvandana karanA dikhAyA gayA hai| sA~mayika varNana ke sAtha zAnti samudra jina bhagavAn kI vistRta stuti dikhAyI gayI hai / zIghratApUrvaka dainika kRtya sampanna karane se pavitra anta:karaNa usane komala hAtha se priyAdharaNI kA sparza kiyaa| samIpavartI jala pravAha meM snAna karane ke anantara usane payodharIbhUta-catuH samudrA tathA latAvatsaka go (pRthvI) kI parikramA kara zuddha nirjana sthAna meM praveza kiyA / vahA~ usane prANAyAma sampanna kiyA mAno yaha socakara ki jisane prANa ko niyantrita nahIM kiyA vaha prANiyoM ko kyA apane vaza meM kara sakatA hai / / tataH svayaM jala (jaDa) pravAha ke liye setu sarIkhe guru ke sAmane upasthita huA / sandhyA ke yathArtha tattvoM ko apanAkara dIptimAn nirmala zarIradhArI hokara stuti karanA prArambha kara diyA / yahA~ kA stuti prasaGga atyanta vyApaka evaM dArzanika vicAroM se paripUrNa hai / Age gRhastha jIvana kA prazaMsAparaka varNana kiyA gayA hai / tadanantara mahAtmAoM kA yaha mahatva hai ki zItoSNAdi duHkha ko sahana karate haiM / kone meM rakhe gaye sthiti mAtra ko sUcita karane vAle kASTha sadRza bahuta se manuSya paropadeza karane meM kuzala to haiM para jisane apane citta ko yathArthataH niyantrita kara rakhA ho, vahI vAstavika ziSTa vyakti kahe jAne kA adhikArI hai, Adi bAteM kahI gayI haiM /

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dvitIya adhyAya / 37 isa prakAra arhan deva ke stuti meM hI isa sarga kI samApti kara dI gayI hai, jo zAntisindhu stavacakra bandha nAma se vyavahRta hai / viMzatitamaH sarga : bIsaveM sarga meM jayakumAra dvArA cakravartI mahArAja bharata ke samIpa jAne kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / vahA~ se lauTate samaya jaba unakA gaja gaMgA meM praveza karatA hai tabhI eka deva (jalacara rUpadhArI matsyavizeSa) ne gaja para AghAta kara diyA / gajAghAta se jayakumAra ko atyanta vyathA huI aura vaha jala meM Dubane sA lgaa| yaha dekhakara gaMgA ke dUsare taTa para avasthita sulocanA usake uddhArArtha namokAra mantra kA japa karatI huI gaMgA meM praviSTa huI / usa satI ke puNya prabhAva se jala devatA kA Asana kA~pane lagA aura vaha svayaM vahA~ Akara upasthita bhI huA / sulocanA evaM jayakumAra kI pUjAkara apanA paricaya dekara vaha lauTa gyaa| isa kathA ko vistAra meM prastuta karate hue bharatavandanacakrabandha nAma se isa sarga kI samApti kI gayI hai / ekaviMzatitamaH sargaH isa sarga meM nagara kI ora jayakumAra ke prasthAna kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / prasthAna kAla meM avacakra se susajjita hastisamUha, jina Adi se susajjita ghor3e, azvasannaddha ratha gamana hetu sajAye gaye / isa prakAra senA se yukta hokara usane prasannatA pUrvaka prasthAna kiyA / isa prasthAna belA meM padAti, azva Adi senA kA manorama varNana karate hue nUtanAlaya kA cittAkarSaka citraNa kiyA gayA hai| nara nAyaka jayakumAra jaba dhanadhAnya paripUrNa guNazAlinI pRthvI ko dekhate hue cala rahe the to mArga meM zabara Adi ke nAyaka loga prasannatAvaza gajamuktA phala kI mAlA evaM puSpa Adi upahAra lekara vinata hokara mahArAja ko dekhane ke liye Aye / mahiSI dhavalimA se alaMkRta evaM ekatra avasthita gopoM ke gharoM ko dekhakara sulocanA harSa vibhora ho gayI / gopagaNa apanI jhopar3iyoM para hAtha ko rakhe hue Azcarya pUrNa caMcala netroM se rAjA ko dekha rahe the / yahA~ go vadhUTiyoM dvArA dadhimanthana vaibhava ke sAtha unake mukhAdi aGgoM kI zobhA kA manorama varNana kiyA gayA hai| darzanArtha Aye hue AbhIroM ko vidvAn, nyAyapriya jaya ne kuzala Adi pUchakara premapUrvaka vidA kiyA / I tataH sulocanA ke sAtha rAjA jayakumAra ne nagara meM praveza kiyA jahA~ unake bhavya svAgata kA divya varNana kiyA gayA hai| vahA~ pahu~cakara rAjA jayakumAra ne hemAGgadAdi ke samakSa sulocanA ke vizAla bhAla pradeza para paTTa ko bA~dhA / punaH rAjadhAnI meM samAgata hemAGgada Adi vIroM kA jayakumAra ke dvArA satkAra dikhAkara vidA karate hue nagarAgamana jaya cakrabandha ke sAtha isa sarga kI samApti kara dI gayI hai /

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38/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana dviviMzatitamaH sargaH bAisaveM sarga meM sulocanA ke sAtha jayakumAra ke vArtAlApa kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| dampati kA pArasparika jIvana sambandha mahatvazAlI evaM yogyatAnurUpa samucita rUpa meM dikhAyA gayA hai, jo rASTra evaM prajA varga ke liye bhI hitAvaha hai / pati-patnI kA jIvana kisa prakAra saphala bana sakatA hai, usakA yathArtha svarUpa isa sarga se pradarzita kiyA gayA hai / paraspara ke sAnnidhya se hI dAmpatya jIvana meM sukha-zAnti tathA vaibhava upasthita ho sakatA hai / isa para yahA~ aneka antaraGga dRSTiyoM se prakAza pAyA gayA hai.| dampati kI premamayI vArtA kA vistRta nibandhana karane ke anantara mahAkavi ne saMsAra meM sulocanA aura jayakumAra kI yaza pratiSThA ke cirasthAI hone kI kAmanA karatA hai / vaha cAhatA hai bAlA sulocanA gadya rUpa cintAmaNi evaM jayakumAra dharma, kalyANa svarUpa adhipati hokara apane yazastilaka se bhUtala ko alaGkata kreN| ___ aneka maNDala kA Azraya hone se jaya ko samudra evaM guNa sampattiyoM se sampakRtta hone se sulocanA ko ghaTogni batAyA gayA hai / ___ anta meM ubhaya kI prazaMsA karate hue unake anurAga ko utkRSTa batAyA gayA hai / donoM ko paraspara pravRtta karAne ke kAraNa pravartana nAmaka cakrabandha se sarga kI samApti dikhAyI gayI trayoviMzatitamaH sargaH isa sarga meM satkulaprasUta jayakumAra apane anuja vijaya ko rAjyabhAra samarpaNa kara hRdaya meM hita kI bhAvanA rakhakara prajA kI priyatA hetu sAdhanA meM tatpara ho jAte haiM / yahA~ bhI priyatamA ke sAnnidhya se utpanna harSa evaM vilakSaNa sukha se vaha tRpta hote haiM / sannIti, senA evaM guptacaroM ko suSThu vyavasthA ke kAraNa jayakumAra vihIna bhI prajA sukhI evaM prabhAyukta huI / bhU-tala meM Iti bhAva kA abhAva phailane lagA / dharA chaH prakAra ke durbhikSa se zUnya rahI / .tataH naiSadha kI paramparA para calate hue kavi ne virodhAbhAsa ke mAdhyama se jayakumAra kI bAteM punaH prArambha kara dI haiN| eka bAra aisA huA ki prAsAda bhavana ke zikhara para yuvatisamUha se pariveSTita jayakumAra eka gaganagAmI vyoma yAna ko dekhakara prabhAvatI aisA kahakara mUrcchita ho jAtA hai / cetanA zakti lauTane para pUrva janma kI bAtoM kA smaraNa ho AyA / usI samaya eka kabUtara dampati ko dekhakara prativratA sulocanA ko bhI pUrvajanma kA smaraNa ho AtA hai / yahI nahIM kaI anya pUrva janmoM ke vRttAnta kA bhI jJAna ho jAtA hai /

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dvitIya adhyAya /39 tadanantara anya logoM ko vizvAsa dilAne hetu jayakumAra ke dvArA janmAntara ke vRttAnta ko sunAne ke liye sulocanA prerita kI gayI / preraNA pAkara sulocanA ne apane evaM jaya ke pUrvabhavoM kA kramika, samucita evaM vistRta varNana kiyaa| isa prakAra pUrvabhava ke varNanAnantara vairAgya paraka saMgIta sthAyI Teka ke mAdhyama se isI gIta meM hI sarga kI samApti kI gayI hai / yaha saMgIta carpaTa maMjarI kI bhA~ti varNita hai / SaDaracakrabandha se sarga kA samApana kiyA gayA hai / yahA~ jayakumAra ko divya jJAna vibhUti sampanna batAyA gayA hai| caturviMzatitamaH sarga : isa sarga meM jayakumAra evaM sulocanA kA saha vihAra citrita kiyA gayA hai / jisa prakAra viSNu lakSmI se evaM zaMkara pArvatI se sadA saMyukta rahe, usI prakAra sulocanA ke sAtha jayakumAra kA samparka sarvottama evaM pavitra rahA / kulAcala kI bhA~ti kula ke dRr3ha paramparAoM kA jayakumAra ne nirvAha kiyA / jaise parvatoM para megha maNDala svayaM parivyApta hotA hai, vaise hI jayakumAra ne rAjAoM para apane prabhAva kA vistAra kiyA / .. . Age sulocanA ko sambodhana kara vihAra kAla meM jayakumAra ne himAlaya kA varNana kiyA hai / isake bAda usane jina bhagavAn kI lambI stuti kI hai / isa stuti ke sandarbha meM yuvAvasthA meM dayA karanI cAhie evaM sukRtyoM meM ruci rakhanI cAhie ityAdi veda vAkyoM kA paripAlana karate hue usane devendra ko prasanna kiyA / jaya kI niSkAma bhAvanA ko dekhakara yakSa suprabha deva ne sapatnIka usakA pUjana kiyA / ___ antataH jayakumAra aura sulocanA ke akhila tIrtha - deza kA bhramaNa dikhAte hae sarga kI samApti kI gayI hai| sarga kI samApti meM granthakAra ne apane vIrodaya kAvya kA bhI nAmollekha kiyA hai| paMcaviMzatitamaH sargaH .. paMcaviMzati sarga meM jayakumAra ke vairAgyotpatti kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| sAMsArika aruci utpanna ho jAne ke kAraNa jayakumAra ko zIghra hI vairAgya utpanna ho gayA aura usakI sampUrNa vicAra dhArA hI badala gayI / usane vicAra kiyA ki vizva ke sAre vaibhava svapna sadRza haiN| yaha sampUrNa vizvapadArtha nazvara hai / netra ke banda hone para mRgAkSI yuvatiyA~, matta hAthI, caMcala ghor3e, senAe~ ye saba ke saba vyartha ho jAte haiM / antataH jayakumAra kI tatparatA bhagavAn jina kI upAsanA meM bar3ha jAtI hai| .. tataH striyoM ke malamUtramaya ghRNA ke yogya jaghana pradeza meM vraNa sadRza sthAna (varAGga) meM niyata rUpa se gharSaNa karate hue Ananda ko prApta karane vAle viSayI janoM ke prati Azcarya evaM duHkha pragaTa karate hue vairAgya pradarzita kiyA gayA hai /

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40/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana --- isa prakAra isa sarga meM jaina paddhati ke utkRSTa bhAvanAoM kA varNana kara jaya sadbhAvanA cakrabandha se sarga kI samApti kI gayI hai / isa sarga meM bhajana ke pA~caveM zloka' kI punarAvRtti sarga ke aTThAisaveM zloka meM kI gayI hai| SaDaviMzatitamaH sargaH chabbIsaveM sarga meM jayakumAra ke putra kA rAjyAbhiSeka evaM jaina dharma ke svarUpa kA varNana kara dArzanika stavana kiyA gayA hai / atyanta parAkramI anantavIrya nAmaka putra prApti ke bAda rAjA jayakumAra ke dvArA putra kA rAjyAbhiSeka hotA hai / anantara vaha satkRtya se yukta indhikA nAmaka priyA ko prApta karatA hai / punaH AzaMsA vyakta kI gayI hai ki jayaputra ananta zatru svarUpa roga se pRthvI kI rakSA kreN| tataH manasA-vAcA-karmaNA sukha hetu jina bhagavAn kI arcanA ko dikhAkara syAdvAda kI mahimA kA guNagAna kiyA gayA hai / gomaya vRzcika Adi dRSTAntoM ke dvArA aneka siddhAntoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai / prabhu ko hI Adhi-vyAdhi kA nirdhAnta sandeha zUnya cikitsaka kahA gayA hai / atyanta gambhIra saMsAra mArga se virakta siddha kI icchA karane vAle prazna ke sambandha meM svayaM sAkSAt utkRSTa vidvAn jayakumAra ko batAte hue jayakumAra ke prazaMsA meM hI paryavasAna kara SaDara cakrabandha dvArA sarga kI samApti kI gayI hai| saptaviMzatitamaH sargaH sattAisaveM sarga meM jayakumAra kA RSabhadeva bhagavAn ke pAsa pahu~cakara dIkSA hetu unase yAcanA karane kA varNana hai / ajJAnAndhakAra ko dUra karane vAle sabhA ke bhUSaNa loka pradhAna deva Ananda dAtA bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne manujAdhipati jayakumAra ko sambhavataH satya vibhava ke liye kRpA karate hue upadeza kiyA / sAdhAraNa vyakti zarIra dhone, poMchane meM hI hRdaya se pravRtta hotA hai| parantu vidvAn dhairyazAlI puruSa zarIra kI sevA meM tatpara nahIM hotA / isa prakAra anekazaH upadeza vacanoM kA varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki pandraha dina yA mAsa paryanta mananazIla vyakti guru ke pAsa pahu~cakara sundara mati sampanna hokara lezyA buddhi ko prApta hotA hai / aura vaha bhaikSa zuddhi ko aparAdha nahIM samajhatA hai / mahAmuniyoM kA zarIra vikAra se zUnya zuddha hema sadRza pratIta hotA hai / isa prakAra vairAgyotpAdaka upadezoM kA varNana kara satkartavya pathopadeza hetu tatparatA isa sarga meM dikhAkara sarga kA paryavasAna kiyA gayA hai| ____aSTAviMzatitamaH sargaH aSTAviMzati sarga meM jayakumAra kI tapasyA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / paryavasAna meM isa sarga kI prazaMsA kI gayI hai / sajjanoM ke pAlaka jayakumAra ne vaiyakti vRtti ko parivartita kara guru kI kRpA se bhavya jIvana ko prApta kiyA / rAjacaryA kA parityAga kara hRdaya kamala ko vikasita karane ke liye arhan deva kI kRpA se unake pAsa pahu~cakara usane tapazcaryA

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...... - dvitIya adhyAya /41 ko hI apanA dhana banAyA / tataH tapasyA dvArA aparivartanazIla zuddha kAMcana svarUpa ko dhAraNa kiyA / 'so'ham' kA vicAra karate hue ahaMkAra se dUra hue jayakumAra ne samAroha krama se vastu saMvida ko grahaNa kara svarAjya siddhi kI prApti kI / ina saba varNanoM ke pazcAt vRSabhatva kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai / ___tapazcaryA pariNAma cakrabandha kA vivecana karane ke anantara prakRta mahAkAvya ke phala para prakAza DAlA gayA hai / punaH mahAkavi apanI sthiti kA saMketa karatA hai ki isa prabandhArtha ko binA zrama ke pUrA karane meM guru kRpA setu hI kAraNa hai / apanI laghutA pradarzita karate hue vaha kaha rahA hai ki jo pramukha jina senAdi kavi hue haiM, ve vandanIya haiM / hama loga kavi haiM parantu nAma mAtra ke haiM / guNabhadra kathAoM ko kahate haiM usameM bhalA pravRtti kahA~ se ho sakatI hai / isa prakAra isa kAvya kI pUrti kI gayI hai / yahA~ sAmantabhadra, vidyAnanda, zivAyana Adi nAmaka dhenu kA bhI saMketa kavi ne kiyA hai / anta meM kavi kA kathana hai ki yaha kAvya madhura mahApurANa kA AloDana kara kSIra sAgara se matha kara nikAle hue navanIta kI bhA~ti hai / mahAkavi ne isa kAvya kI pratiSThA kI abhilASa rakhate hue guNI virakta jJAnAnanda ko praNAma kiyA hai / aura anta meM yaha bhI batAyA gayA hai ki zrAvaNa mAsa kI pUrNimA tithi ko isa kAvya kI pUrti kI gyii| kathA-vibhAga - zAstrIya dRSTi se kathA-vibhAga para dRSTipAta kareM to yaha spaSTa hai ki jaya-sulocanA ke itivRttAtmaka isa mahAkAvya kI kathA itihAsa siddha hone ke kAraNa prakhyAta koTi kI hai / pUrva kI paMktiyoM meM maiMne isakA ullekha bhI kiyA hai / spaSTa hai ki jaya-sulocanA kI kathA AdhikArika koTi meM bhI AtI hai / jayakumAra ke sandarbha meM Ane vAlI arkakIrti Adi kI kathAoM ko hama sahAyaka kathA mAnakara prakarI kI koTi meM rakha sakate haiN| ___ sandhyAdi vibhAga ke sandarbha meM prArambha ke mAGgalika zloka ke anantara jayakumAra mahArAja kI kathA ko pavitra batAkara kavi ne bIja kA vapana kara diyA hai, prArambha bhI kathA kA yahIM se hotA hai / ataH bIja aura Arambha ke yoga se hama yahA~ se mukha sandhi mAneMge jo munirAja ke upadeza paryanta taka calatI hai / kyoMki jayakumAra ke mAdhyama kavi jaina dharma kA pracAra aura zAntyAdi vRtti ko hI kathA kA carama lakSya mAnatA hai / ataH sarpiNI vRtta se lekara kAzirAja putrI sulocanA ke svayaMvara kI taiyArI paryanta taka lakSya kI ora kathA ke agrasara hone ke kAraNa vindu-yatra ke yoga se pratimukha sandhi banatI hai / sulocanA svayaMvara meM aneka rAjanyoM ke samAhita hone aura svayaMvara ke pazcAt anAhata bhI arkakIrti dvArA yuddha kI ghoSaNA aura yuddhAdi kA varNana garbhasandhi kA nirmANa karatA hai / anantara gRhastha dharma meM rahate hue jayakumAra aura sulocanA ko vidyAdhara dampati tathA kapota dampati ke darzana se pUrva janmoM ke smaraNAdi 'vRtti pUrvaka jaina dharma kI dIkSA paryanta vimarza sandhi banatI hai / aura antataH aneka

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42/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana prakAra ke saddharmoM ke upadeza se jJAna-vairAgya pUrvaka jaya ko prApta mokSApti se jaina dharma se dharmArthakAma mokSa cAroM kI upalabdhi batAkara nirvahaNa sandhi kA nirmANa kiyA gayA hai / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA srota jayodaya mahAkAvya kA AdhAra jinasena kA Adi purANa hai / jisameM unhoMne vRSabhadeva ke samakAlIna mahApuruSoM kA varNana kiyA hai / jayodaya ke prathama sarga ke dvitIya zloka meM kavi ne svayaM kahA hai - "purA purANeSu dhurA gurUNAM yamIza iSTaH samaye purUNAm" isakI svopajJa TIkA meM kavi ne kahA hai atha 'purA, prAcInakAle, 'purANeSu' dvAdazAGgascanArUpazabdeSu 'gurUNAM', AcAryANAM 'dhurA' pradhAnabhUtena tena bhagavajjinasenamahAnubhAvena, 'purUNAM', zrImadvRSabhanAthatIrthaGkarANAM, 'samaye' avasare 'yamInA' saMyatAnAmIzo gaNAdhipa 'iSTa' icchAviSayIkRtaH sH| mahAkavi ne jayodaya kI kathA ko mahApurANa se lene kI svIkArokti apane prakRta mahAkAvya meM kI hai / ina tathyoM se yaha spaSTa hai ki jayodaya mahAkAvya ke srota ke rUpa meM kavi ne AcArya jinasena ke AdipurANa ko sAmane rakhA / jayodaya mahAkAvya kI bhUmikA meM paM. indralAla jI ne bhI spaSTa kahA hai - " zrI bhUrAmala zAstrI mahodayojainaH anena mahAkavinA zrI mahApurANokta jayaku mAra-sulocanA kathAnakamavalaMvyASTAviMzatisargAtmakametanmahAkAvyaM vyaraci / " - ____ AcArya jinasena ke vaiyaktika jIvana ke viSaya meM vizeSa jAnakArI nahIM milatI hai| abhI taka ke anusandhAna se candrasena ke ziSya AryanandI, unake vIrasena tathA vIrasena ke jinasena ziSya the / jinasena ke ziSya guNabhadra aura guNabhadra ke ziSya lokasena the, itanA hI jJAta hai / jinasena ke atirikta vIrasena svAmI ko dazaratha guru nAma ke eka aura ziSya the| zrIguNabhadra svAmI ne uttarapurANa kI prazasti meM apane Apako ukta donoM guruoM kA ziSya batalAyA hai| vinayasena muni bhI vIrasena ke ziSya the, jinakI preraNA se jinasenAcArya ne pAzrvAbhyudaya kAvya kI racanA kI thI - . "zrIvIrasenamunipAdapayojabhRGga zrImAnabhRd vinayasena munigriiyaan| taccIditena jinasenamunIzvareNa kAvyaM vyadhAyi pariveSTita meghadUtam // " devasenAcArya ne apane darzanasAra meM likhA hai ki vinayasena ke ziSya kumArasena ne Age calakara kASThAsaMgha kI sthApanA kI thI / yathA - "so savaNasaMghavanjho kumAraseNI du samaya micchatto / cattovasamo ruddo kaTThaM saMgha paruvedi // " jayadhavalA TIkA meM bhI zrIpAla, padmasena aura devasena ina tInoM vidvAnoM kA ullekha AtA hai / yathA - "TIkA zrI jaya cihni torudhavalA sUtrArtha saMyotinI stheyAdAravicandra mujjvalatapaH zrIpAlasaMpAlitA / "

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dvitIya adhyAya / 43 sambhavataH ye jinasena ke sadharmA yA gurubhAI the jaisA ki Adi- purANa se spaSTa hotA hai - . "bhaTAkalaGka zrIpAla pAtra kesariNAM guNAH / viduSAM hRdayArUDhA hArAyante'tinirmalAH // 4 AdipurANa kI pIThikA meM zrI jinasena svAmI ne 'jayasena' kA guru rUpa meM smaraNa kiyA hai - "siddhAntopanibandhAnAM vidhAturmada gurozciram / / manmanaH sarasi stheyAn mRdupAdakuzezayam // 5 jinasena svAmI ke mahApurANa kA racanA kAla navIM zatAbdI hai / jinasena svAmI vIrasena svAmI ke ziSya the / Apake viSaya meM guNabhadrAcArya ne uttarapurANa kI prazasti meM ThIka hI likhA hai ki jisa prakAra himAlaya se gaMgA ke pravAha kA sarvajJa ke mukha se sarvazAstrarUpa divya dhvani kA, aura udayAcala ke taTa se dedIpyamAn sUrya kA udaya hotA hai, usI prakAra vIrasena svAmI se jinasena kA udaya huA / jayadhavalA kI prazasti meM AcArya jinasena ne apanA paricaya bar3I hI AlaMkArika bhASA meM diyA hai / yathA - ___ 'una vIrasena svAmI kA ziSya jinasena huA, jo zrImAn thA aura vaha ujjvala buddhi kA dhAraka bhI thA / usake kAna yadyapi aviddha the to bhI jJAnarUpI zalAkA se bedhe gaye the / ' prabhAvapUrNa hone ke kAraNa muktirUpI lakSmI ne utsuka hokara varaNa karane kI icchA se mAno svayaM hI usake liye zrutamAlA kI yojanA kI thI / jisane vAlyakAla se hI akhaNDita brahmacarya vrata kA pAlana kiyA thA phira bhI Azcarya hai ki usane svayaMvara kI vidhi se sarasvatI kA udvahana kiyA thA / jo na bahuta sundara thA aura na atyanta catura hI phira bhI sarasvatI ne ananyazaraNA hokara usakI sevA kI thI / 'buddhi, zAnti aura vinaya yahI jisake svAbhAvika guNa the, unhIM guNoM se vaha guruoM kI ArAdhanA kiyA karate the / ThIka hI hai, guNoM ke dvArA kisakI ArAdhanA nahIM hotI ?' zarIrase vaha yadyapi kRza the parantu taparUpI guNoM se kRza nahIM the / vAstava meM zarIra kI kRzatA, kRzatA nahIM hai, jo guNoM se kRza hai, vahI kRza hai"| 'jinhoMne na to kApalikA ko grahaNa kiyA aura na adhika cintana hI kiyA phira bhI adhyAtma vidyA ke paraMpAraMgata the / 'jinakA kAla nirantara jJAna kI ArAdhanA meM hI vyatIta huA, isIliye tattvadarzI unheM jJAnamaya piNDa kahA karate haiM / kavi ne jinasena ko praNAma kiyA hai aura usakI kAvya kathA ke nirmANa meM grantha ke mAdhyama se bhUmikA prastuta karate haiM / ata: jinasena praNIta granthoM kA bhI ullekha karanA ucita hai / unake dvArA praNIta nimnAGkita granthoM kA patA calatA hai - 1. pAzrvAbhyudaya : jinasena svAmI kA pAzrvAbhyudaya kAvya tIna sau cauMsaTha mandAkrAntA vRttoM meM pUrNa huA hai / bhASA, zailI bahuta hI manohara hai /

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44 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana BRAND 2. vardhamAna purANa : jinasena (dvitIya) ne harivaMza purANa meM inakI dUsarI racanA vardhamAna purANa kA ullekha kiyA hai / anupalabdha hone se nAma se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki isameM vardhamAna svAmI kA kathAnaka ha hogA 3. jaya dhavalA TIkA : kaSAyaprAbhRta ke pahale skandha kI cAroM vibhaktiyoM para jayadhavalA nAma kI bIsa hajAra zloka pramANAtmaka TIkA likhakara jaba zrI guru vIrasenAcArya svarga ko sidhAra cuke taba unake ziSya zrI jinasena svAmI ne usake avaziSTa bhAga para cAlIsa hajAra zloka pramANa kI TIkA likhakara use pUrA kiyA / 4. AdipurANa: yaha mahApurANa kA Adya bhAga hai / uttara bhAga kA nAma uttara purANa hai 1 Adi purANa meM saiMtAlisa parva haiM, jinameM bayAlisa sampUrNa karane ke bAda taiMtAlisaveM parva ke zloka tIna taka jinasenAcArya dvArA racita haiM, zeSa parvoM ke solaha sau bIsa zloka unake ziSya bhadatta guNabhadrAcArya dvArA viracita haiM / kavi paramezvara dvArA kahI huI gadya kathA ke AdinAtha carita kA AdhAra lekara jinasenAcArya ne AdipurANa kI racanA kI hai / yaha purANa subhASitoM kA bhaNDAra evaM advitIya grantha rana 1 1 guNabhadrAcArya : jinasena aura dazaratha guru ke ziSya guNabhadrAcArya bhI apane samaya bahuta bar3e vidvAna hue haiM / Apa utkRSTa jJAna se yukta, pakSopavAsI, tapasvI tathA bhAvaliMgI munirAja the / inhoMne solaha sau bIsa zloka racakara AdipurANa ko pUrA kiyA / tatpazcAt ATha hajAra zlokoM uttarapurANa kI racanA kI / guNabhadrAcArya jI apane racanA ke prArambha meM jo padya likhe haiM, unase inake gurubhakta hRdaya kI abhivyakti hotI hai / yathA meM 44.. ikSIrivAsya pUrvArddhamevAbhAvi yathA tathAstu niSpattiriti rasAvaham prArabhyate mayA 1 11 te guruNAmeva mAhAtmyaM yadapi svAdu madvanvaH taruNAM hi svAbhAvo'sau yatphalaM svAdu jAyate // niryAnti hRdayAdvAcI hRdi me guravaH sthitAH 1 tatra saMskariSyante tanname'tra parizramaH purANamArgamAsAdya jinasenAnugA dhruvam bhavAbdheH pAramicchanti purANasya kimucyate' guNabhadrAcArya ke adholikhita grantha upalabdha haiM - "1 1 // " 1. uttarapurANa : yaha mahApurANa kA uttara bhAga hai / isameM prathamata: ajitanAtha se lekara teIsa tIrthaMkaroM, gyAraha cakravartI, nau nArAyaNa, nau balabhadra aura nau prati nArAyaNa tathA jIvandhara svAmI Adi ke kucha kathAnaka diye hue haiN| inakI racanA bhI kavi paramezvara ke gadyAtmaka purANa ke AdhAra para huI hogii| AThaveM, solahaveM, bAIsaveM, teIsaveM aura caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara

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dvitIya adhyAya / 45 ko chor3akara anya tIrthaMkaroM ke caritra bahuta hI saMkSepa se likhe gaye haiN| guNabhadrAcArya ke uttara purANa ke viSaya meM eka danta kathA prasiddha hai - jaba jinasena svAmI ko isa bAta kA vizvAsa ho gayA ki aba merA jIvana samApta hone vAlA hai aura maiM mahApurANa ko pUrA nahIM kara sakU~gA taba unhoMne apena yogya do ziSyoM ko bulAyA / bulAkara unase kahA ki yaha jo sAmane sUkhA vRkSa khar3A hai, isakA kAvya vANI meM varNana karo / guruvAkya sunakara unameM se pahale ne kahA, 'zuSkaM kASThaM tiSThatyagre' phira dUsare ziSya ne kahA, 'nIrasataruriha vilasati purataH / ' guru ko dvitIya ziSya kI vANI meM rasa dikhA, ataH unhoMne use AjJA dI ki tuma mahApurANa ko pUrA karo / guru AjJA ko svIkAra kara dvitIya ziSya ne mahApurANa ko pUrA kiyA / yaha dvitIya ziSya guNabhadra hI the / 2. AtmAnuzAsana : yaha bhartRhari kI vairAgya zataka zailI para AdhArita do sau bahattara padyoM kA bar3A hI sundara grantha hai / 3. jinadatta caritra : anuSTup chanda meM racita nava sargAtmaka choTA sA kAvya hai, jo ati ramya hai / harivaMza purANa ke dvAdazaveM sarga meM jayakumAra aura sulocanA kI kathA kA varNana huA hai / mahAkavi puSpa danta praNIta mahApurANa (AdipurANa - uttara purANa) meM apabhraMza mAdhyama se jayakumAra evaM sulocanA kI kathA nibaddha kI gayI hai| apane zodha ke sandarbha meM maiMne aneka logoM se patrAcAra dvArA jo tathya upalabdha kiye unase jJAta hotA hai ki kavi paMpa viracita ' Adi purANa' (kannar3a) meM bhI jaya aura sulocanA kA kathAnaka varNita hai 1 bhaTTAraka sakalakIrti ke 'Adi purANa' ( 15vIM zatAbdI) bhaTTAraka candrakIrti ke 'AdipurANa' ( 17vIM zatAbdI) meM bhI jayakumAra caritra sambhAvya hai / parantu lekhaka ko ye kRtiyA~ dekhane ko nahIM mila sakIM / isake atirikta eka purANa hI 'jayakumAra purANa' ke nAma se prasiddha hai| para vaha aprakAzita hai / ataH mujhe use bhI dekhane kA avasara nahIM mila sakA / jayodaya mahAkAvya kI aitihAsikatA jainiyoM ke caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra buddha ke samakAlIna the| buddha nirvivAda rUpa se aitihAsika puruSa mAne jAte haiN| vaise hI jaina dharma ke bhagavAn mahAvIra kI bhI aitihAsikatA pUrNataH nirvivAda hai / jaina dharma ke teisaveM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha kA kAla bhagavAn mahAvIra se do sau pacAsa varSa pUrva kA hai / ataH pArzvanAtha ke aitihAsika hone meM kiMcit sandeha nahIM hai / jaina dharma ke bAisaveM tIrthaMkara neminAtha kRSNa ke cacere bhAI the| cUMki kRSNa ko bhAratIya itihAsakAra aitihAsika puruSa mAnate haiM ataH neminAtha bhI nizcaya hI aitihAsika haiM /

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46/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana - bharata cakravartI ke samakAlIna jayakumAra kA AdipurANa meM pUrNa AkhyAna milatA hai| vahA~ kA varNana bhI maryAdita hai / isaliye isa itivRtta ko paurANika yA aitihAsika mAnane meM saMzaya kA sthAna nahIM hai / isa prakAra hama ise prakhyAta koTi ke itivRtta meM rakha sakate * * * phuTa noTa 1. nai.ma., 1/3 2. yadupazrutinivRttizriyA kRtasaMketa ivAthakaudhiyAm / vijanaM hijanaika nAyakaH sahasaivAbhilalASa sAyakaH // ja.ma., 25/88 3. mahApurANaM madhuraM viloDya kSIravanmayA / navanItamivArabdhaM prItyai bhUyAtsatAmidam // ja.ma., 28/91 4. A.pu., bhAga-1, 1/53 5. vahI, 1/57 6. tasya ziSyo'bhavacchromAn jinasenaH samiddhadhIH / / aviddhAvapi yatkarNo viddhau jnyaanshlaakyaa| 7. yasminnAsannabhavyatvAnmuktilakSmIH samutsukA / svayaMvarItukAmeva zrautI mAlAmayUyujat // 8. yenAnucaritaM bAlyAd brahma vratamakhaNDitam / svayaMvara vidhAnena citramUr3hA srsvtii|| 9. yo nAti sundarAkAro na cAticaturo muniH / tayApyananyazaraNA yaM sarasvatyupAcarat // 10. dhIH zamo vinayazceti yasya naisargikA guNAH / sUrInArAdhayanti sma guNairArAdhyate na vaH / 11. yaH kRzo'pi zarIreNa na kRsho'bhRttpogunnaiH| na kRzatvaM hi zArIraM guNaireva kRzaH kRzaH / 12. yo nAgRhIlApAlikAnnApyacintayadaJjasA / tathApyadhyAtmavidyAbdheH paraM paarmshishriyt|| 13. jJAnArAdhanayA yasya gataH kAlo nirantaram / tato jJAnamayaM piNDaM yamAhustattvadarzinaH // ja.dha., zloka 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34 14. tasya ya sissI guNavaM guNabhaddo divvaNANaparipuNNo / pakkhovavAsamaMDI mahAtavo bhAvaliMgI va // darzana sAra 15. A.pu.bhA.-2, 43/14, 17, 18, 40 16. (a) AsIdandhakavRSNezca subhadrA vanitottamA / putrAstasyA dazotpannAstridazAbhA divazyutAH // smudrvijyo'kssobhystthaa'stimitsaagrH| .. himavAn vijayazcAnyo'calo dhAraNapUraNau // abhicandra ihAkhyAto vasudevazca te daza / - hari.pu.sarga 18/12, 13, 14 pU. (kaMsa) svasAraM pradadau tasmai devakI gurudakSiNAm / -hari.pu. 33/39 utta. sazaGkhacakrAdisulakSitAGgaH sphuranmahAnIlamaNiprakAzaH / sa devakIsutigRhaM svadIptyA pradIptimAn dyotayati smkRssnnH|| - hari.pu. 35/20 athAtra yadavRttamatISa pAvanaM pureva tu zreNika lokaharSaNam / dazAhamukhyasyaM susauryavAsinaH zRNu prvkssye'vhitstddrutm|| jinasyanemestridivAvatArataH pureva SaNmAsapurassarA suraiH / pravartitA tajjananAvadhihe hiraNyavRSTiH puruhUtazAsanAt / - hari.pu. 37/12 (ba) zvetAmbara sAhitya meM bhI neminAtha ke pitA kA nAma samudra vijaya aura kRSNa ke __ pitA kA nAma vasudeva milatA hai / - sama.sU. 158 000

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Wan $ tRtIya - adhyAya saMskRta sAhitya meM mahAkAvyoM kI paramparA meM jayodaya kA mahAkAvyatva, mahAkAvyoM kI paramparA meM jayodaya kA sthAna tathA jayodaya evaM pUrvavartI mahAkAvya Wan Wan

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saMskRta sAhitya meM mahAkAvyoM kI paramparA bhAratIya kAvya ke nirmANa kI pUrNa preraNA kaviyoM ko rAmAyaNa evaM mahAbhArata se prApta huI hai| ukta mahAkAvya pAzcAtya dRSTi se epika ke antargata Ate haiM, kyoMki unakI racanA zailI evaM viSaya kI vivecanA meM paravartI mahAkAvyoM se nitAnta pArthakya hai| ___ bhAratIya mahAkAvya ke vikAsa meM vedoM kI bhUmikA ko bhI nakArA nahIM jA sakatA - Rgveda meM (5/61) zyAvAzya RSi ne apane AzrayadAtA rAjA taranta tathA unakI viduSI mahiSI zazIyasI ke dAna kI khUba prazaMsA kI hai| atharvaveda rAjA parIkSit ke rAjya-kAla meM anubhUyamAna saukhya kI vipula prazaMsA meM katipaya maMtroM kA ullekha karatA hai / saMhitA, vizeSataH brAhmaNoM meM prAcIna kIrti-sampanna rAjAoM ke viSaya meM aneka grAhya gAthAe~ bhI udhRta kI gayI haiM, jinameM prAcIna aitihAsika rAjAoM ke jIvana kI kinhIM viziSTa ghaTanAoM kA sAhityika ullekha bhI hameM vahA~ prApta hotA hai| aitareya brAhmaNa ke zunaH zepa tathA aindramahAbhiSeka vAle aMzoM meM bhI aisI mAnya gAthAe~ haiN| kAlidAsa ne apane vikramorvazIya nATaka meM RgvedIya urvazI-pururavA ke saMvAda ko sAhityika rUpa diyA hai| Rgveda ke saMvAda sUktoM evaM brAhamaNoMupaniSadoM ke AkhyAnAdi ke rahate bhI mukhyatayA rAmAyaNa tathA mahAbhArata hI saMskRta zravya tathA dRzya kAvyoM ke akSaya srota hai| anantara isa sambandha meM purANoM kI mahatvapUrNa bhUmikA kI bhI upekSA saMbhava nahIM hai| 20175 12:51- __ laukika saMskRta ke mahAkAvyoM ke vikAsa kI zrRMkhalA kI prathama lar3I meM kavitA likhane kA prathama udaya vAlmIki ke mukhAravinda se huaa| rAmAyaNa Adi kAvya evaM vAlmIki hamAre Adi kavi haiM / jisa avasara para 'mA niSAda pratiSThAM tvaM' ke rUpa meM vAlmIki kI karuNa rasApluta vairavarI skhalita huI, usI samaya bhAratIya kAvya kA prathama akuMra udbhUta huaa| Adi vAlmIki kA Adi kAvya saMskRta bhAratI kA nitAnta abhirAma niketana hai / vAlmIki kI 'rasamaya paddhati' ko hama sukumAra mArga kaha sakate haiN| rasa hI usakA jIvana hai svAbhAvikatA usakA bhUSaNa hai| kAlidAsa ne isa zailI ko apanAkara yazaH arjana kiyA hai| isa paramparA meM maharSi vAlmIki ke atirikta kavi kulaguru kAlidAsa ko bhI sthAna prApta hai| ___ kAlidAsa meM vAlmIkIya zailI kA udAtta utkarSa milatA hai| raghuvaMza 2/4 meM kAlidAsa ne 'pUrvasUribhiH' ke dvArA vAlmIki kI ora saMketa kiyA hai| paravartI kucha kaviyoM ne kAlidAsa kI zailI ko apanAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai| udAharaNArtha azvaghoSa ke Upara kAlidAsa kI

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tRtIya adhyAya / 49 spaSTa chApa hai| guptakAla kI prazasti lekhaka hariSeNa aura vatsabhaTTi ne kAlidAsa ke kAvyoM kA gaharA anuzIlana kara usI ke Adarza para apanI kavitA likhii| ___saMskRta sAhitya ke vikAsa meM mahAkavi bhAravi kA nAma vizeSa ullekhanIya rahegA, kyoMki unhoMne mahAkAvya likhane kI eka nayI zailI ko janma diyaa| AcArya kuntala isa alaGkAra-bahula padyati ko vicitra-mArga kI saMjJA dete haiN| isakI do vizeSatAe~ haiM- viSaya aura bhaassaa| isa sambandha meM jJAtavya hai ki paravartI kaviyoM ke sAmane do prakAra kI zailiyA~ vidyamAna thiiN| prathama vAlmIki-kAlidAsa kI rasamayI zailI aura dUsarI bhAravi-mAgha kI alaMkRta shailii| pariNAmataH saMskRta kAvya kSetra meM pUrva ke sukumAra mArga ke sthAna para vicitra mArga kA prasAra huaa| varNya - viSaya tathA varNana - prakAra ke sAmaMjasya kA jo bhAva kAlidAsa tathA azvaghoSa meM upalabdha hotA hai, vyAkaraNa evaM alaMkAra kI pradhAnatA ke kAraNa paravartI kavi usake prati utane jAgarUka nahIM hai / bhAravi, bhaTTi, kumAradAsa tathA mAgha isa yuga ke pratinidhi kavi haiM / bhAravi kA kirAtArjunIya, bhaTTi kA 'rAvaNa-vadha', kumAradAsa kA 'jAnakI haraNa', mAgha kA 'zizupAlavadha' pravarasena kA 'setubandha', abhinanda kA 'rAmacarita', kAzmIrI kavi bhartameNTha kA hayagrIva-vadha',kSemendra kI 'bRhatkathA-maMjarI', somendra, maMkhakha kA' zrIkaNTha carita' mahAkavi zrIharSa kA 'naiSadha' Adi pramukha mahAkAvya saMskRta mahAkAvyoM kI paramparA meM Ate haiN| . saMskRta mahAkAvya ke itihAsa meM jaina paNDitoM kA bhI pramukha yogadAna rahA hai / jaina paNDita gaNa prAcIna kAla se saMskRta bhASA tathA sAhitya ke marmajJa vidvAn hote Aye haiN| unhoMne apane tIrthaMkaroM kA caritra alaMkRta zailI meM likhakara jaina dharma kI mahatI sevA kI hai| aise jaina kaviyoM kI bahuta bar3I saMkhyA hai| pramukha mahAkaviyoM evaM unake mahAkAvyoM ko yahA~ prastuta karanA asamIcIna nahIM hogA - ___610 I ke dhanezvara sUri kA 'zatrujaya mahAkAvya', pandrahasargAtmaka vAgbhaTTa (1140) kRta 'neminirvANa kAvya' unnIsa sargAtmaka abhayadeva (1221 I.) kRta 'jayanta-vijaya kAvya', amara candrasUri (1241 I.) kRta 'bAla-bhArata', 'chandoratnAvalI', 'syAd-zabda samuMcaya tathA 'padmAnanda kAvya', vIra nandI (1300 I.) racita 'candraprabha carita', devaprabhasUri (1250 I.) viracita 'pANDava-caritra', teraha zataka ke vastupAla kRta 'nara nArAyaNa nanda', bAlacandra sUri (13 zataka) kRta 'vasanta-vilAsa', deva vimala gaNi (17 zataka) racita 'hIra-saubhAgyaM' evam haricandra bArahavIM zataka ke kavi kI racanA 'dharma zarmAbhyudaya' pramukha haiM / harSacarita ke Arambha meM bANabhaTTa ne jisa gadyabandha vAle bhaTTAra haricandra kA ullekha kiyA hai, usase ye bhinna hai / bhaTTAra haricandra gadya ke lekhaka the, mahAkAvya ke nhiiN| aitihAsika mahAkAvyoMkI paramparA meM padmagupta parimala kRta 'nava sAhasAGka carita'vilhaNa kA 'vikramAMka deva carita' tathA kalhaNa kI 'rAja taraMgiNI' Adi kAvya Ate haiM /

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50 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana jaina kavi aitihAsika mahAkAvyoM kI racanA meM nitAnta dakSa haiM, parantu inakA sAhityika tathA aitihAsika mUlya parivartanazIla hai| jaina AcArya hemacandra (1089 - 1173I.) kA 'kumArapAla carita', vikrama kI terahavIM zatAbdI meM hue somezvara kA 'surathotsava' aura 'kIrti-kaumudI', arisiMha kRta 'sukRta- saMkIrtana', bAlasUri kA 'vasanta - vilAsa' isI viSaya para hai / nayacandrasUri racita 'hammIra mahAkAvya', kAzmIrI kavi jayAnaka kA 'pRthvIrAja - vijaya' aura vAkpatirAja kA 'gau bahI' prAkRta meM nibaddha aitihAsika kAvyoM meM apanI zailI gata viziSTatA ke kAraNa nitAMta prakhyAta hai / I inake atirikta mahAkAvyoM kI hI paramparA meM zAstra kAvya tathA deva kAvya kA ullekha bhI samIcIna hai / aise kAvyoM kA prathama nidarzanabhaTTikAvya hai| kAzmIra kavi bhaTTa bhIma racita 'rAvaNArjunIya', halAyudha kA 'kavi rahasya' kerala ke kavi vAsudeva kA 'vAsudeva vijaya' (apUrNa) evaM nArAyana kavi kA ' dhAtukAvya zAstra' kAvya kI paramparA meM ullekhanIya hai / isake bAda hemacandra kA 'kumAra pAla carita' aitihAsika hone ke sAtha hI 'zAstra kAvya' bhI hai / gokulanAtha kA 'bhikSATana' nIlakaNTha dIkSita kA 'ziva lIlArNava' jayadratha racita 'haricarita cintAmaNi' Adi zaiva kAvya tathA 'vaidya jIvana' ke kartA laulimbarAja kA 'harivilAsa' rAja cUr3AmaNi dIkSita kA 'rukmiNI- kalyANa', kRSNadAsa kavirAja kA 'govinda lIlAmRta' Adi kAvya kRSNa kI paramparA meM Ate haiM / inheM deva kAvya kahA jA sakatA hai / 1 mahAbhArata ke kathAnaka tathA avAntara AkhyAnoM ke AdhAra para saMskRta tathA jaina kaviyoM ne navIna kAvyoM kA nirmANa kiyaa| amara candra sUri kA 'bAla bhArata' samagra mahAbhArata ko eka hI grantha ke bhItara nibaddha karane kA saphala prayAsa hai| isake bAda deva prabhasUri kA 'pANDavacarita', kRSNAnanda kA 'sahRdayAnanda, vAmana bhaTTabANa kA 'nalAbhyudaya', vastupAla racita 'nara nArAyaNa nanda', sAkalyamalla racita 'udAra rAdhava', somezvara kavi kA 'surathotsava', govindamakhI 'kA 'harivaMza-sAracarita', veMkaTezvara kA 'rAmacandrodaya' evaM 'raghuvIra carita' nAmaka mahAkAvya isakI paramparA meM Ate haiM / vAsudeva kA 'yudhiSTira vijaya' tathA 'kavi rAkSasIya' kAvya yamaka kAvya kI paramparA meM evaM saMdhyAkara nandI kA 'rAmacarita', dhanaMjaya kA 'dvisaMdhAnakAvya', kavirAja sUri kA 'rAdhava - pANDavIya' haridatta sUri racita 'rAghavanaiSadhIya', vidyAmAdhava kA 'pArvatIrukmaNIya' veMkaTAdhvarI racita 'yAdava rAdhavIya' cidambara sumati kA 'rAghavapANDavayAdavIya' tathA daivajJa sUryya viracita 'rAmakRSNa viloma' nAmaka kAvya zleSa kAvya ke antargata samAhita kiye jA sakate haiM / cidambara kavi ne paMca kalyANa campU nAmaka eka vicitra campU kI racanA kI hai, jisameM eka hI zvAsa meM rAma, kRSNa, ziva, viSNu tathA subrahmaNya ke vivAha kA kathAnaka varNita hai| zleSa ke camatkAra pradarzana kA yaha sabase vilakSaNa prayAsa hai /

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tRtIya adhyAya / 51 isa prakAra veda se prArambha kara adyAvadhi saMskRta mahAkAvyoM kI paramparA kA eka lambA itihAsa hai| veda unake mUla haiM to rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata purANa kathA ke srota / sahaja se vicitramadhyama mArga kI aura nirantara pravahamAna isa kAvya patha meM jaina-bauddha kaviyoM ne bhI apanI pratibhA-kauzala kA paryApta vijRmbhaNa kiyA hai| isa mArga meM hamAre prakRta mahAkAvya kI kyA bhUmikA hai ? isa para hama dRSTipAta kreNge| prathamataH to dekhanA hai ki prakRta racanA kyA mahAkAvya kI kasauTI para saTIka hai ? punazca mahAkAvyoM meM usakA sthAna kyA hai ? hama isI kI ora cala rahe haiM / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA mahAkAvyatva jayodaya ke mahAkAvyatva ko parakhane ke pUrva mahAkAvya kA jJAna sarvathA nAntarIyaka hai, kyoMki binA isa jJAna ke kisI kAvya ko kasauTI para kasA nahIM jA sakatA / ataH mahAkAvya kise kahate haiM ? isa para kucha dRSTipAta karanA aprAsaGgika nahIM hogA / saMskRta sAhitya meM aneka lakSaNa grantha nirmAtA hue haiM, jinameM kAvya ke prAyaH pratyeka aGgoM kI pUrti sAhitya darpaNa se hI ho jAtI hai| isaliye kAvya ke viSaya meM AcArya vizvanAtha ke mata ko samakSa rakhakara usI ke Aloka meM jayodaya kA mahAkAvyatva parIkSita kareMge / 1 kAvya dRzya aura zravya ke bheda se do prakAra kA hotA hai / inameM dRzya kAvya abhinetra hotA hai, usI ko rUpaka bhI kaha sakate haiM / rUpaka ke dasa bheda batalAye gaye haiM / inake atirikta aTThAraha prakAra ke upa rUpaka bhI kahe gaye haiN| isa prakAra rUpakoM kA bar3A vizAla parivAra hai, jo prakRta meM upayogI nahIM hai / isaliye hama zravya kAvya kI ora dRSTipAta karate I haiM / 1 chandobaddha pada ko padya kahate haiM / jisa vastu kA eka padya meM varNana ho use muktaka kAvya kahate haiM / do padyoM meM varNya viSaya ko jugmaka kAvya kahate haiN| tIna padya se, jisakA varNana ho use sAndAnatika kahate haiM / cAra padyoM meM nibaddha racanA ko kalApaka kahate hai / pA~ca padya vAlI racanA kulaka hotI hai / isI prakAra chaH, sAta, ATha, nau, dasa se sambandhita ko bhI kulaka kahA jAtA hai / AcArya vizvanAtha dvArA nirUpita kAvya lakSaNa isa prakAra hai - mahAkAvya sarga baddha honA caahie| kAvya kA nAyaka koI deva yA satkulotpanna kSatriya hotA hai| vaha dhIrodAtta guNoM vAlA eka vyakti ho sakatA hai athavA eka hI vaMza meM utpanna aneka bhI kulIna rAjA ho sakate haiM / mahAkAvya meM zRGgAra, vIra yA zAnta meM se koI eka rasa pradhAna hotA hai tathA anya rasa usI ke poSaka hokara aGga rUpa meM Ate haiN| jisa prakAra nATakoM meM paMca sandhiyA~ (mukha, pratimukha. garbha, vimarza aura nirvahaNa) hotI haiM, usI prakAra kAvya meM bhI unakA honA Avazyaka hai 1

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52/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana ____ mahAkAvya kA kathAnaka aitihAsika hotA hai athavA loka prasiddha kisI satpuruSa para Azrita hotA hai / usakA phala (dharmArtha, kAma, mokSa) puruSArtha catuSTaya kI prapti hotI hai yA kisI eka kI prApti bhI dikhAyI jAtI hai / ___ mahAkAvya ke prArambha meM namaskArAdi maGgalAtmaka svarUpa rakhe jAte haiM athavA vastu nirdezAtmaka mAGgalika nAma ke dvArA kAvyArambha hotA hai / kahIM-kahIM khalanindA yA sajjana prazaMsA Adi bhI dekhI jAtI hai / ___ sargoM kA nirmANa eka prakAra ke chanda se kiyA jAtA hai| parantu sarga samApti meM anya chandoM kA niveza apekSita hotA hai| sargoM kI saMkhyA na to ati adhika na ati nyUna honI caahie| isaliye ATha se nyUna kathamapi nahIM honI cAhie / . chandoM yA vRttoM ke viSaya meM yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki eka sarga meM eka hI vRtta kA prayoga to hotA hai, para kisI-kisI sarga meM vividha vRttoM kA bhI prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| sargAnta meM bhAvI kathA kI sUcanA bhI dI jAtI hai | .. mahAkAvya meM sandhyA, sUryodaya, candrodaya, rAtri, pradoSa, andhakAra, dina, prAta:kAla, madhyAhna kAla, AkheTa, parvata, Rtu, vana, samudra, saMbhoga, vipralambha, muni, yajJa, raNa, prayANa, vivAha, upAya catuSTaya, maMtraNA, putrotpatti, rAjA, amAtya, senApati Adi kA sAGgopAGga vivaraNa rahatA mahAkAvya kA nAmakaraNa kahIM-kahIM kavi ke nAma para kiyA jAtA hai| yathA- 'mAgha kAvyam' Adi / vRtta pradhAna dvArA bhI kAvyoM kA nAmakaraNa hotA hai- yathA 'kumAra sambhavam' Adi / nAyaka ke nAma para bhI nAmakaraNa hotA hai, jaise - 'raghuvaMza mhaakaavym'| sargoM ke nAma vaktavya viSaya. kI dRSTi se bhI kiye jAte haiM, jaise 'sandhyA varNano nAma dazamaH sargaH' aadi| jisameM itivRtta kA pUrNa samAveza rahatA hai, use mahAkAvya kahate haiN| eka deza ke varNana ko khaNDakAvya kahate haiM / ____ aba ina lakSaNoM ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue hama jayodaya mahAkAvya ke mahAkAvyatva para vicAra kreN| vANIbhUSaNa brahmacArI bhUrAmala zAstrI praNIta jayodaya bhI eka mahAkAvya hai, jisakI racanA aTThAisa sarga meM mahAkavi ne kI hai isa prakAra sargabaddhatA yahA~ vidyamAna hai| prakRta mahAkAvya ke nAyaka somakulotpanna jayakumAra haiN| mahArAja jayakumAra kI kathA mahAkavi ne mahApurANa se grahaNa kI hai / zrI zAstrI jI svayaM apane grantha meM isa kathA ko 'mahApurANa' se lene kI ghoSaNA karate haiM / 'jayodaya mahAkAvya' kA nAyaka jayakumAra dhIrodAtta guNa sampanna hai| sulocanA ke svayaMvara se lekara arkakIrti ke sAtha hue yuddha, arkakIrti ke parAjaya, donoM ke milane para arkakIrti ke prati jayakumAra kI ukti Adi vRttAnta unake nAyakatva ke poSaka

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tRtIya adhyAya /53 haiM "tvadaparo jalabindurahaM jano jalanidhe milanAya punarmanaH / yadagamaM bhavato bhuvi bhinnatAM tadupayAmi sadaiva hi khinnatAm // 14 samudra aura bindu kI anyokti dvArA arkakIrti se jayakumAra kahatA hai ki he jalanidhe! Apa samudra ke samAna aura maiM usakI mAtra eka bUMda huuN| jo ki terA hI aGgabhUta jana hai, kisI kAraNa bhU-maNDala para tumase jo alaga ho gayA, nizcaya hI isakA mujhe atyanta duH kha hai| ataH punaH Apa se milanA cAha rahA huuN| yahA~ parAjita zatru se vijetA kA vinamratA pUrvaka nivedana dhorodAttatA kA dyotaka hai| punaH agrima zloka bhI isI kI puSTi karatA hai - "hRdanutaptamaho tava cedyadi kimu na tApamaho mayi sampadin / tadanutApi na me'pyupakalpanaM bhavitumeti nabhaH sumakalpanam // 15 arthAt he vaibhavazAlin ! yadi ApakA hRdaya saMtapta hai to mere mana meM bhI kama saMtApa nahIM hai / merA hRdaya tApa se rahita hai, yaha kahanA AkAza kusuma ke samAna hai, arthAt hama donoM hI paraspara viyoga se du:khI haiM / punaH Age kahate haiM ki he samudra ! saMtApa kA vega Apa kA kyA bigAr3egA? kyoMki samudra meM utpanna vaDavAnala sarIkhA agni bhI apanA kucha prabhAva nahIM dikhA pAtA / aura bhI mujha para to sadaiva havA Adi kI bAdhA satAtI rahatI hai / bindu hone ke kAraNa maiM kisI ke pyAsa ko bhI nahIM bujhA sakatA lekina Apa to samudra haiM / ataH Apake Upara merA kyA prabhAva par3a sakatA hai| "vinatirasti samAgamanAya ye samupadhAmupayAmi tava krame / na manasIti bhajeH kimu bindunApyavayavAvayavitvamihAdhunA // 16 tAtparya hai ki, samAgama karane ke liye Apase bAra-bAra vinatI hai| Apake caraNoM meM merA praNAma hai / isa prakAra kA kathana sarvazreSTha nAyaka se hI sambhava hai| isa prakAra jayodaya meM satkulotpanna jayadhIrodAtta nAyaka hai jo mahAkAvya kI dUsarI vizeSatA ko puSTa karatA isa mahAkAvya meM zRGgAra, vIra, karuNa, raudra Adi rasoM ne yadyapi sthAna prApta kiyA hai, tathApi zAnta rasa hI aGgI hai| zRGgAra rasa ke ananta udAharaNa mahAkAvya meM prApta haiM, jisameM eka udAharaNa draSTavya hai... "mukhAravinde zucihAsake zare'livatsa mugdho madhure mRgIdRzaH / 1. prasannayoH pAdasarojayordRzaM vizeSya padmApi jayasya sambabhau // "17

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54 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana jayakumAra mRgAkSI sulocanA ke madhura kAnti hAsya se bhare hue mukha kamala rUpI bANa ke AdhIna ho gyaa| usI prakAra sulocanA bhI usake nirmala caraNa kamaloM meM apane netroM ko TikAkara atyanta suzobhita huii| paraspara eka dUsare ke prati ratibhAva kI puSTi hone se yahA~ zRGgAra kA parama poSa ho rahA hai / jayakumAra aura arkakIrti kA pracaNDa yuddha vismaya poSaka hokara vIra rasa ko abhivyaMjita kara rahA hai - "samutsphuradvikra mayorakhaNDavRtyA tathAzcaryakaraH pracaNDa : 1 raNo'navIyAnanayora bhAdvai sa divyazastrapratizastrabhAvaiH // ' 1118 yuddhabhUmi meM mare hue zatruvIroM kI striyoM ke azrujala pravAha karuNa rasa kI vyajaMnA karAne meM pUrNa sakSama hai "mRtAGganAnetrapayaH pravAho madAmbhasAM vA kariNAM tadAho / asarisosti mamAnumAnamudgIyate'sau yamunAbhidhAnaH // 19 raudra rasa kA eka udAharaNa avalokanIya hai 44 ' kSamAyAmastu vizrAmaH zramaNAnAM tu bho guNaH 1 surAjAM rAjate vaMzya svayaM mAJcaka mUrdhani // 120 maMtriyoM dvArA samajhAye jAne ke anantara kruddha arkakIrti bolA ki he maMtrin ! kSamAzIla honA saMnyAsiyoM kA kAma hai / kSatriyoM kA putra to apane bala dvArA siMhAsana ke zikhara para ArUr3ha hotA hai / isa prakAra arka ke krodha kI puSTi hone se yahA~ para raudra rasa kI pratIti spaSTa hai / aGga rUpa meM Aye hue ukta rasoM ke atirikta jayodaya mahAkAvya meM zAnta rasa kI aGgI rUpa meM sthApanA huI hai / zAnta rasa kA katipaya udAharaNa prastuta hai / jaise "yuvatayo mRgamaJjulalocanAH kRtaravAdviradAmadarocanAH / laharibattaralAsturagAzcamU samudaye kimu dRk jhapane'pyam // 21 - arthAt sAre vaibhava svapna sadRza haiN| dRzya padArtha nazvara haiM / netra ke banda hone para mRgAkSI yuvatiyA~ matta hAthI Adi sAdhaka nahIM banate haiM / yaha varNana zAnta kA poSaka hai / isI prakAra adholikhita zloka meM bhI zAnti kI ora saMketa milatA hai / " zarIramAtraM malamUtrakuNDaM samIkSamANo'pi malAdijhuNDam / tyajedajetavyatayA virodhyamekAntamekAntatayA vizodhya // 122 yaha zarIra mala mUtra kA pAtra malAdi kA hI samUha hai, yaha vicAra karatA huA bhI mana zodhana kara arthAt viSayoM se mana ko pRthak kara jItane meM asahya hone ke kAraNa virodhI

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tRtIya adhyAya / 55 padArthoM kA nizcita tyAga karanA caahie| isa prakAra vairAgyotpAdaka sthaloM kA sanniveza zAnti kA poSaka hai / purANa sambandha hone ke kAraNa yaha vikhyAta aitihAsika vRttAnta liyA gayA hai / dharmArthakAma mokSa cAroM vargoM kA varNana hote hue bhI yahA~ zAzvata sukha mokSa kI ora saMketa kiyA gayA hai / mokSa ke liye jJAna apekSita hai / jaise - 1 "stavo'tha bodhasya samAzrame tu nirIhatAyAH sa samasti hetuH / manazcanaH kAJcana kAJcanApya yo vA yadarthI satadabhyupAyaH // " 1123 yahA~ kavi ne kahA hai ki zAnta sthAna meM jJAna - paraka stotra nirIhatA kA niSkAmatA ICT sarvathA kAraNa hai / agrima zloka meM bhI kahA gayA hai " dharmasvarUpamiti saiSa nizamya samyagnarmaprasAdhanakaraM karaNaM niyamya / karmapraNAzanakazAsanakRdhurINaM zarmaikasAdhanatayArthitavAn pravINaH / 124 arthAt dharma ke svarUpa ko sunakara krIDA ke sAdhana upakaraNa sAmagrI ko tiraskRta kara karma ke vinAzaka tathApi kalyANa kA sAdhana hai use hI dakSa jayakumAra ne cAhA / ye saba zAnta ke paripoSaka evaM mokSa ke sopAna banate haiM / * mahAkAvyoM meM namaskArAtmaka athavA vastunirdezAtmaka maMgala hote haiM / yahA~ bhI jina svAmI ko praNAma kara kathAnaka kA Arambha kiyA gayA hai| jaise - " zriyAzritaM sanmatimAtmayuktyA'khilajJamIzAnamapItimuktyA / tanomi natvA jinapaM subhaktyA jayodayaM svAbhyudayAya zaktyA // " 1125 yaha mahAkAvya namaskArAtmaka maMgala se pUrNa hai / mahAkAvya meM khaloM kI nindA aura sajjanoM kI prazaMsA AtI hai yahA~ bhI purANapuruSa bharata ke mukha se arkakIrti para AkSepa kiyA gayA hai tathA kAzI nareza akampana tathA jayakumAra ke guNoM kI prazaMsA kI gayI hai / bharata kI yaha ukti draSTavya hai - "jayakumAramupetya sulakSaNA sudRgataH pratibhAti vicakSaNA / mama mahIvalaye'pi vadAparaH sapadi tatsadRzaH katamo naraH // ' 26 isa bhU-maNDala meM jayakumAra ke samAna kauna hai ? sulocanA jayakumAra ko varaNa kI to nizcita hI saubhAgyazAlinI hogI / vaha viduSI pratIta hotI hai / 44 1 nimnalikhita zloka meM arkakIrti kI nindA karate hue bharata kaha rahe haiM ahamaho hRdayAzrayavatprajaH svajanavairakaraH punaraGgajaH bhavati dIpakato 'Jjanavat kRtirna niyama khalu kAryapaddhatiH // 27 1 arthAt arkakIrti svajana se hI vaira karane vAlA ho gayA hai, ThIka hai, pradIpa se kajjala utpanna hotA hai / kAraNAnusAra kArya hotA hai yaha niyama sarvathA ghaTita nahIM hai| aisA arthAntaranyAsa ke dvArA samarthana kiyA gayA hai|

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56/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana isI prakAra akampana ke prati prazaMsA-paraka vAkya draSTavya hai - "sumukha martyaziromaNinA'dhunA suguNavaMzavayoguruNA'munA / bahukRtaM prakRtaM guNarAzinA purunibhena dharAtalavAsinAm // 128 akampana ke viSaya meM unhoMne kahA hai ki guNazAlI vaMza, avasthA meM vRddha manuja ziromaNi mahArAja akampana bhUtalavAsiyoM ke liye RSabha ke samAna haiM / isa samaya svayaMvara sambandhI jo kArya unhoMne kiyA hai vaha sucArurUpa meM sampanna kiyA hai / aisA hI eka aura udAharaNa prastuta hai - "bhuvi suvastu samastu sulocanAjanaka eSa jayazca mahAmanAH / ayi vicakSaNa lakSaNataH paraM kaTukamarkamimaM samudAhara // 29 yahA~ yaha kahA gayA hai ki salocanA ke pitA uttama puruSa haiM / jayakumAra bhI mahAmanA udAra citta vAlA hai / kintu arkakIrti hI kevala tIkSNa (kaTu) svabhAva vAlA hai / - isa mahAkAvya meM chandoM kI racanA samucita DhaMga se kI gayI hai / adhikAMzataH aneka sargoM meM chandoM kA bAhulya hai / yathA-prathama sarga meM upendra vrajA, indravrajA, upajAti, anuSTup, AryA, drutavilambita Aye hue haiM / dvitIya sarga meM rathoddhatA zArdulavikrIDita, upendravajrA, indravajrA, bhujaGgaprayAti Aye haiM / sarga kI samApti meM chanda badale bhI gaye haiM tathA sarga kI samApti meM kavi apane mAtA-pitA ke paricaya ke sAtha kRti kA bhI paricaya dene meM tatpara hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki kavi ko chanda nirmANa karane meM lezamAtra bhI Alasya nahIM pratIta hotA thA / yaha mahAkAvya na to svalapa hai na to ati vizAla hai / aTThAIsa sargoM meM isa mahAkAvya kA nirmANa kiyA gayA hai / sarga kI samApti meM bhAvI sarga ke kathAMza kI sUcanA milatI jAtI hai| isa mahAkAvya meM prAtaHkAlika varNana kA manohara dRzya bhI hai / jaise"svastikriyAmatati vipravadarkacAre bhadraM sugahivadite kamala prkaare| svastu svato'dya bhavituM jagato'dhikAre sarvatra bhAvini kilAmalatAprasAre // " 30 "suktiM prakurvati zakuntagaNaNa'rhatIva yuktiM pragacchati ca koka yuge satIva / para muktiM samicchati yatIndravadabjabandhe bhuktiM gate saguNavadrajanIprabandhe // "31 isI prakAra Age bhI kahA gayA hai ki jaba prAta:kAlika bAjoM kA virAma ho gayA, taba bhUpati ke sthAna para pahu~cakara sUtagaNa rAtri vyatIta ho gayI, yaha sUcita karane ke liye utsava hetu madhura manorama gAna karane lge| isake bhAva ko adholikhita padya meM dekhA jA sakatA

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tRtIya adhyAya /57 "vizrAntimabhyupagate tu vibhAtatUrye zrImedinIramaNadhAma smaayyuyeN| sutA jaguH sumRdumaJjulamutsavAya rAtrivyatItivinivedanakAraNAya // 132 isa mahAkAvya meM sandhyA varNana bhI manorama hai / eka ora sUrya asta ho rahA thA tathA dUsarI ora candrabimba udaya ho rahA thA isa bIca kA kAla sandhyA hotA hai / ina donoM kAloM kA varNana karate hue kavi ne kahA hai "raveratho bimbamito'stagAmi udeSyadetacchazino'pi nAmi / samasti pAntheSu ruSA niSiktaM ratIzvarasyAkSiyuMga hi raktam // rAtri varNana prasaGga meM dIpakoM para utprekSA karate hue kavi ne kahA hai ki mAno sUrya ne hI apane aGgoM ke Tukar3e karake ghara-ghara meM unase virAjamAna ho gayA hai "upadrutoM'zustimiraiH saradbhirbhaye'pyasammUDhamatirmahadbhiH / . vikhaNDaya dehaM pratigehameSa virAjate samprati dIpaveSaH // ''34 isI prakAra vanoM kA varNana bhI manorama aura paryApta hai| vana-vihAra ke samaya sArathI rAjakumAra jaya se kahatA hai ki - "api vAlavabAlakA amI samavetA avabhAnti bhUpate / vipinasya parItadutkarA iva vRddhasya vinirgatA itaH // 35 yahA~ ekatrita ajagara ke bacce isa bUr3he vana kI nikalI huI A~to ke sadRza pratIta hote hai| punaH Age kahA gayA hai ki he jayakumAra ! idhara dekhiye sA~pa aukambI ucchvAsa lete hue aisA jA rahA hai mAno vRkSoM kI lambAI ko hI nApa rahA hai - "sphaTayotkaTayA samucchavasannayi SaTkhaNDibalAdhirAdritaH / adhunA''yatatAM mahIruhAmanugacchanniva yAti pannagaH // 36 eka anya zloka bhI draSTavya hai - "dvipavRndapadAdidagambaraH sadhanIbhUya vane caratyayam / nikaTe vikaTe'tra bho vibho nanu bhAnorapi nirbhayastvayam // 137 vana meM vicarate gajasamUhoM ko andhakAra sA batAyA gayA hai / prakRta mahAkAvya meM nadI varNana kA bhI abhAva nahIM hai - "rajasvalAmarvavarA dharitromAliGgaya doSAdanuSaGgajAtAt / glAniM gatAH snAtumitaH smayAnti protthAya te samprati sustravantIm // 138 yahA~ bhAgIrathI ko pAra karane kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / agrima zloka meM bhI pyAse azva kA varNana hai jo gaMgA ke nirmala jala meM apane hI pratibimba ko dekhakara apanI priyA kA smaraNa kara apanI pyAsa hI bhUla jAtA hai - "pipAsurazva pratimAvatAraM nijoyamambhasyamale'valokya / sa samprati sma smarati priyAyA drutaM visasmAra pipAsitAyAH // 139

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58/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana nadI varNana meM hI eka aura zloka avalokanIya hai - "surApagAyAH salilaiH pavitrairmAtaGgatAmAtmagatAmapAstum / kilAmbujAmodasuvAsitaistaiH snAti sma bhUyo nivaho divapAnAm // 'AD yahA~ kahA gayA hai ki hAthiyoM kA samUha bhI apanI mAtaMgatA (cANDAlapanA) ko dRH karane ke liye hI mAno gaGgA ke pavitra jala meM snAna kiyA / jayodaya mahAkAvya meM parvatoM kA bhI yathAvasara varNana milatA hai| mahAkavi ne vijayA: parvata tathA kailAsa parvata kA vizeSa varNana kiyA hai / " mahAkAvya meM yAtrA kA varNana honA cAhie / isa mahAkAvya meM bhI jayakumAra kA nagara kI ora prasthAna kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / prasthAna kAla meM jhUla se susajjita hasti samUha jina Adi se susajjita ghor3e, azva sanda ratha samanvita zUroM se yukta jayakumAra kA prasannatA pUrvaka batAyA gayA hai / yathA - "zAsanaM samupagamya bhUpateH pattanaM prati punarvinirgateH / itthamAha samanIkinIzvaro gatvaratvasamayAtisatvaraH // 142 "sajjitAHsapadi hastisaJcayAH syuzca kazyaku thasaMyutA hayAH / yugyasaMyutayugA athorathA gantumAgraha dharAzca satpathA // 5 mahAkAvya meM saMgrAma kA varNana hotA hai| jayodaya mahAkAvya meM jaya aura arka kA yuddha dikhAyA gayA hai| yuddha varNana prasaGga meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki jaba prANoM kI rakSA karane vAle dhIra-vIra jayakumAra ne dhanuSa uThAyA taba nAnA dizAoM se Aye usake zatruvarga ne tRNatA svIkAra kara lI / arthAt jayakumAra ke sAmane zatru Tika nahIM ske| jaise havA se tRNa ur3a jAtA hai, vaise hI ve titara-bitara ho gye| isakI ramya yojanA avadheya hai "yadAzugasthAnamitaH sa dhIraH prANapraNetA jayadeva viirH| arAtivargastRNatAM babhAra tadA'tha kASThAdhigataprakAraH // 144 jayodaya meM vivAha kA bhI varNana prApta hotA hai / sulocanA ne svayaMvara vidhi se jayakumAra kA varaNa kara liyA hai| sulocanA ke pitA kAzirAja akampana kanyAdAna ke liye tatpara hote haiM tathA purohitoM ke dvArA havana kArya prArambha ho gyaa| usa samaya sArA bhU-maNDala kusumAMjali se paripUrNa ho gayA tathA vara-vadhU kI lalATa rekhA udAra jvAroM se paripUrNa ho gyii| sArI janatA romAMcita ho uThI "kusumAJjalibhirdharA yavArairubhayormastaka cUlikAbhyudAraiH / janatA ca mudaJcanaistatAlamiti samyak sa karopalabdhikAlaH // '45 - isa mahAkAvya meM putra utpatti kA bhI varNana huA hai / yathA" samabhUtsamabhUtarakSaNaH svasamutsargavisargalakSaNaH / zivamAnavamAnavakSaNaH nRpaterutsavadutsavakSaNaH // 46

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tRtIya adhyAya /59 anunAmaguNaika bhUrabhUdatha zaivaM karire ta tadaGga bhUH / na hi zatrubhirantatAmitaH svidanantottaravIryasaMjJitaH // 147 yahA~ jayakumAra ke putra anantavIrya kI janmotpatti kA varNana hai / pAzcAtya sAhitya zAstriyoM ne mahAkAvya ko 'epika' kI saMjJA pradAna kI hai / unake mahAkAvyoM meM bhI una tathyoM kA samAveza hai jo apane yahA~ varNita hai / pAzcAtya vidvAn Diksana ke zabdoM meM 'mahAkAvya sabhI dezoM meM eka jaisA hai / pUraba, pazcima, uttara, dakSiNa sabhI jagaha usakI AtmA aura prakRti meM ekatA dRSTigocara hotI hai / mahAkAvya cAhe kahIM bhI likhA gayA ho, usakI racanA suzRGkhalita hotI hai / vaha prakathana pradhAna hotA hai / usakA sambandha mahAn caritroM se hotA hai / usameM mahatkArya, gauravamayI zailI, mahat caritra Adi kA suniyojana hotA hai / upAkhyAnoM tathA savistAra varNanoM se usakA kathAnaka vizAla banAyA jAtA hai|" isa prakAra prakRta varNana meM nirdhArita samasta lakSaNoM ke AdhAra para kisI bhI sAhitya racanA ko mahAkAvya kA nAma diyA jA sakatA hai / isa prakAra "jayodaya mahAkAvyam" bhAratIya sAhitya evaM pAzcAtya sAhitya meM varNita mahAkAvyoM ke lakSaNoM ke AdhAra para mahAkAvya siddha hotA hai| prakRta meM mahAkAvya ke samagra tattvoM kA viniveza huA hai / chandoM kI vividhatA, rasa kI paripakvatA, zleSa, yamaka, virodhAbhAsa Adi alaGkAroM se samanvita isa kAvya meM zabdoM kI vinyAsa paddhati atiramya hai / ataH mahAkAvyoM ke lakSaNoM se yukta mahAkavi bhUrAmala praNIta jayodaya mahAkAvya utkRSTa mahAkAvyoM kI paMktiyoM meM rakhane yogya hai| mahAkAvyoM kI paramparA meM jayodaya kA sthAnaH ___jayodaya kI kathAvastu, bhASA-zailI, alaGkAra-niveza, rasa paripAka samasta kA vicAra karane para yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki prakRta kAvya ko kAlidAsa kI sahaja sarasa ramya paddhati meM to nahIM hI rakhA jA sakatA / alaGkata paddhati ke kAvya grantha bhAravi-mAdha-zrI harSa ke mArga se kiMcit sAmya hone para bhI jayodaya ko unakI bhI zreNI meM rakhanA saMbhava nahIM pratIta hotaa| kavi ne zrIharSa kA anukaraNa karane kA prayAsa avazya kiyA hai para zabda-vaicitrya taka hI raha gayA hai / naiSadha kA artha-saundarya prakRta zabdADambara pUrNa kAvya meM kahA~ / paravartI kAvyoM kI zreNI meM bhI ise rakhanA saMbhava nahIM / ataH merI dRSTi se jayodaya ko zabda-vaicitrya paddhati meM nibaddha mAnakara paM0 rAja jagannAtha dvArA nirUpita kAvya ke caturtha bheda meM rakhanA adhika samIcIna hogaa| jayodaya evaM pUrvavartI mahAkAvyaH rAjazekhara ne kAvya-mImAMsA meM zabdArthopaharaNa ke prakAra batAye haiM / saMskRta kaviyoM meM apane se pUrvavartI kAvyoM kA viSaya-zabda-artha kA svIkAra prAyaH dekhA jAtA hai / raghuvaMza mahAkAvya ke praNayana kAla meM mahAkavi kAlidAsa svayaM bhayabhIta hai ki samudra sadRza vizAla sUryavaMza kA varNana karane meM maiM kaise samartha ho sakU~gA? punaH abhivyakta karate haiM ki pUrva kavi

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60 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 1 maharSi ne isa viSaya hetu daravAjA khola diyA hai / isaliye usameM se viSaya ratna grahaNa karane meM merI bhI mati samartha ho jAyegI / jisa prakAra chede gaye maNi meM sUtra pahu~ca jAtA hai vaise hI maiM bhI isa vizAla vaMza ke varNana meM mArga pA sakU~gA / aise hI anyAnya kaviyoM ne bhI pUrvavartI kaviyoM ko apanAyA hai| AcArya vAmana ne dasa zabdagata aura dasa dasa arthagata bIsa guNoM ko svIkAra kiyA hai, jinameM samAdhi bhI eka guNa hai / samAdhi kA lakSaNa hai ki padArtha para (varNa viSaya para) dRSTipAta karanA" / vaha do prakAra hai: (1) ayoni aura ( 2 ) anyacchAyAyonideg / 1. ayoniH kavi sampradAya meM kisI ne vaisA varNana na kiyA ho, aise varNana ko ayoni samAdhi kahate haiM / 2. anyacchAyAyoniH prAcIna kavi paramparA ke dvArA vyavahRta padArtha kA kucha prakArAntara se pratibimba rUpa meM varNana karane ko anyacchAyAyoni samAdhi kahate haiM / I jayodaya mahAkAvya ke nirmAtA vANIbhUSaNa brahmacArI bhUrAmala zAstrI jI isa anyacchAyAyoni se zUnya nahIM hai / aneka sthaloM meM pUrvavartI kaviyoM ke varNya viSaya ko bar3e Adara ke sAtha apanI kavitAoM meM sthAna diyA hai / kAvya ke prArambhika zloka hI naiSadhIyacaritamahAkAvya se milate-julate haiM " tanoti pute jagatI vilAsAtsmRtA kathA yA'tha kathaM tathA sA / svasevinImeva giraM mamA''rAt punAtu nA'tuccharasAdhikArAt // 51 prakRta zloka kA artha hai ki rAjA jayakumAra kI kathA puNyazAlinI hai / smaraNa karane mAtra se jagat ko pavitra kara detI hai / vinoda ke sAtha bhI yadi smaraNa kiyA jAya to yaha loka-paraloka donoM ko pavitra kara detI hai / ThIka isI prakAra kA naiSadhakAra kA bhI zloka hai "pavitramatrAtanute jagadyuge smRtA rasakSAlanayeva yatkathA / kathaM na sA madgiramAvilAmapi svasevinImeva pavitrayiSyati // 1152 arthAt jisa nala kI kathA kaliyuga meM smaraNa karane mAtra se saMsAra ko pavitra karatI hai / vaha kathA malina bhI arthAt doSa se yukta bhI merI vANI ko kyoM pavitra nahIM karegI ? donoM zlokoM meM samAnatA varNana karane kI zailI meM svalpa mAtra hI antara hai / aise hI naiSadha ke anekoM zloka isa mahAkAvya kI samAnatA meM anukUla haiM / jayodaya kA nimnalikhita zloka darzanIya hai " adhItibodhAcaraNapracAraizcaturdazatvaM gamitAtyudArai: / sArdhaM suvidyA'tha kalAH samastA dvAsaptatistasya babhuH prazastA // ' 1153 jisakA artha hai ki mahArAja jayakumAra sundara vidyAoM ke adhyayana, bodha (jJAna) AcaraNa (apane jIvana - kSetra meM utaranA ) aura pracAra svarUpa nirdoSa evaM vizAla sAdhanoM se cAra prakAra

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tRtIya adhyAya /61 kI prApta huI / aura usake ina cAra ke caudaha aura caudaha ke artha se kula bahattara vidyAe~ use prApta thI / kavi ko bahattara kalAe~ abhISTa haiM isaliye yahA~ caturdazatva kI sImA ko pArakara cAra (arthazAstra, gandharvazAstra, Ayurveda aura dhanurveda) ko lekara aTThAraha vidyAe~ hotI haiM / unakA caturguNa kara bahattara kavi ko abhipreta hai / isI vastu ko pUrvavartI naiSadhakAra ne isa prakAra kahA hai - "adhItibodhAcaraNapracAraNairdazAzcatastraH praNayannupAdhibhiH / caturdazattvaM kRtavAn kutassvayaM na vegrima vidhAsu caturdazasvayam // "54 arthAt vidyAe~ cAro veda, chaH vedAGga-mImAMsA nyAya dharmazAstra purANa se caudaha vidyAe~ prasiddha haiM / ina vidyAoM ko nala ne adhyayana, jJAna, AcaraNa, adhyApana kI dRSTi se chappana prakAra kI vidyAoM ko nahIM banane diyA ? caturdazatva hI kaise raha gayA ? yaha maiM nahIM kaha sakatA / vivAha saMskAra sampanna hone ke anantara jisa samaya sulocanA-jayakumAra prasthAna karate haiM / usa samaya jo azvAdi cala rahe unameM kyA bhAva utpanna hue? usameM mahAkavi ne isa prakAra kahA hai "ki yatI jagatIyatI gatirniyatinoM viyati svidityataH / / vipadiGgaNariGgaNena te sugamA jagmuritasturaGgamAH // ''55 arthAt azvoM ne vicAra kiyA ki yaha pRthvI mere calane ke liye kitanI hai ? anta meM hamako AkAza meM calanA hI hogA / ataH ve ghor3e usI samaya AkAza meM uchalate hue gamana karane lage / yaha bhI naiSadhakAra kI chAyA hai / yathA "prayAtumaspAkamiyaM kiyatpadaM dharA tadambhodhirapi sthalAyatAm / itIva vAhairnijavegadarpiteH payodhirodhakSamamutthitaM rajaH // '56 jisakA tAtparya hai ki ve vegazAlI ghoDe apane mana meM vicAra karate haiM ki hama logoM ko calane ke liye yaha pRthvI kitane pAda prakSepa (kitane kadama) hogI ? isase acchA hotA ki samudra bhI sthala bana jAtA / mAno yaha vicAra kara vega ke abhimAnI ghor3e ne samudra ko sthala banAne ke liye pAda-prakSepa se dhUli ko udd'aayaa| isI prakAra naiSadha se milatA-julatA jayodaya mahAkAvya kA eka aura udAharaNa draSTavya hai"surataraGgiNi utkalikAvatItaraNiradya na vidyata ityataH / pRthulakumbhayugaM hRdi sandadadhad ghana sasya sa pAramupAgataH // "57 prakRta padya meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki surata samudra meM anurAga jahA~ uchAla mAra rahA hai, utkaNThA se bharI huI manovRtti rUpI koI naukA aisI nahIM hai jisake dvArA usako pAra kiyA jAya / aisA socakara sulocanA ke vakSasthala meM vidyamAna vizAla jo kumbha yugala the, unhIM ke sahAre jayakumAra ne usa sAndra anurAga jalapUrNa samudra ko pAra kiyA /

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62 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana isI se sAmya rakhatA huA naiSadha kA zloka prastuta hai"urobhuvA kumbhayugena jRmbhitaM navopahAreNa vayaskRtena kim / trapAsaridurgamapi pratIrya sA nalasya tanvI hRdayaM viveza yat // 158 arthAt damayantI nala ke hRdaya meM kaise praveza kara sakatI thI? kyoMki lajjA rUpI viSama nadI par3I huI thI, use pAra kara jAnA durgama thaa| parantu tAruNyAvasthA ke navIna upahAra rUpa meM vakSasthala para vizAla do kumbha pradAna kara diyA / jisake sahAre vaha sundarI damayantI durgama lajjA rUpI nadI ko pAra kara nala ke hRdaya meM pahu~ca gayI / isI prakAra adholikhita zloka amarUka zataka se kAphI sAmya rakhatA hai - " lIlAtAmara sAha to'nyavanitAdaSTAdhara tvA'janaH sammizrAvjara jastayeva sahasA sammIlitAlocana: vadhvAH pUtikRtitatparaM mukulitaM vaktraM punazcumvato niryAtisma tadeva tasya nitarAM harSAzrubhiH zrImataH // 1159 1 yahA~ nAyaka-nAyikA ke krIDA prasaGga meM kahA gayA hai ki kisI anya kI strI ke adhara daMzana karane ke kAraNa nAyikA ne lIlA kamala se nAyaka ke mukha maNDala para prahAra kiyA / kuzala nAyaka ne netra meM kamalaraja par3a jAne ke bahAne ( yathArthataH parAga netra meM par3e nahIM the) apane netroM ko sahasA banda kara liyA / mugdhA nAyikA apane mukha ko mukulita kara phuMka ke dvArA parAga ko nikAlane meM pravRtta ho jAtI hai / avasara pAkara dhUrta kuzala usa nAyaka ne usake mukha kA cumbana le liyA / isI kA pUrNa pratibimba amarUka zataka meM darzanIya hai / yathA 44 'lIlAtAmarasAhato'nyavanitAniH zaGka daSTAdhara : kazcit zaradRSitekSaNa iva vyAmIlya netre sthitaH / mugdhA kuGamalitAnanena dadatI vAyuM sthitA tatra sA bhrAntyA dhUrtatayAtha vA natimRte tenAnizaM cumbitA // " 1160 amarUka zataka kA zlokArtha yaha hai ki anya strI ke adhara ko kisI nAyaka ne nirbhaya hokara daMzita kara liyA / ataeva nAyikA lIlA kamala se krodhavaza se pITa detI hai / dhUrta nAyaka kamala kezara se dUSita netra ho cuke haiM, aisI kapaTa mudrA meM netroM ko banda kara liyA / mugdhA nAyikA apane mukha ko kuDmalita kara A~khoM meM phuMkanA prArambha kara diyaa| pariNAma yaha huA ki binA jhuke hI usane priyatama kA cirakAla taka cumbana le liyA / kruddha nAyikA ko zAnta karane ke liye namra honA Avazyaka thA parantu dhUrta nAyaka ne netra kamala kezara yukta ho gaye haiM byAja banAkara binA krodha zAnta kiye hI cumbana meM saphala ho gyaa| donoM padyoM meM pUrNataH sAmya hai /

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tRtIya adhyAya / 63 jayodaya mahAkAvya meM kAlidAsa ke kAvyoM kI bhI chAyA dekhane ko milatI hai / prakRta mahAkAvya kA prakRta padya raghuvaMza mahAkAvya se sAmya rakhatA hai "payodharIbhUtacatuH samudrAM samullasa vatsalatorumudrAma / pradakSiNIkRtya sa gAmanudrAg jagAma caikAntamahImazUdrAm // "1 1161 yahA~ kahA gayA hai ki vaha rAjA jayakumAra ne zUdrarahita arthAt pavitra catuH samudra stana vAlI nAnA prakAra ke priya latAoM se paripUrNa prazasta cihna vAlI go (bhUmi) kI parikramA kara prasthAna kiyA / yahA~ raghuvaMza kA zloka draSTavya hai 'nivartyarAjA dayitAM dayAlustAM saurabheyIM surabhiryazobhiH / payodharIbhUtacatuH samudrAM jugopa gorupadharA mivorvIm // " 1162 44 prakRta padya meM mahAkavi ne kahA hai ki sundara kIrtiyukta dayAlu rAjA dilIpa apanI priya patnI ko lauTAkara cAroM samudroM ko cAra stanoM ke samAna dhAraNa kiye hue gau kI pRthvI kI bhA~ti rakSA karane lage / pUrvavartI kaviyoM ke prabhAva kA yahA~ maiMne diGmAna nidarzana prastuta kiyA hai / yathArtha to yaha hai ki sampUrNa jayodaya meM kAlidAsa, zrIharSa hI nahIM anya aneka kaviyoM ke pUrNa prabhAva haiM / prAyaH sabhI varNana kahIM na kahIM se prabhAvita avazya haiN| maiMne vistAra meM unakA pradarzana ucita nahIM samajhA / *** phuTa noTa 1. atharva veda, kANDa 20, sUkti 127 2. padabandhojjvalo hAro kRtavarNakramasthitiH / bhaTTAraharicandrasya gadyabandhoM nRpAyate // - harSacarita 3. dRzya zravyatvabhedena punaH kAvyaM dvidhA matam / dRzyaM tatrAbhineyaM tadrUpAropAttu rUpakam // bhavedabhinayo'vasthAnukAraH sa caturvidhaH / AGgi ko vAcikazcaivamAhAryaH sAttvikastathA // nATakamatha prakaraNaM bhANavyAyogasamavakAraDimAH / IhAmRgAGkavIthyaH prahasanamiti rUpakANi daza // nATikA troTakaM goSThI sadRkaM nATayarAsakam / prasthAnollApyakAvyAni preGkhaNaM rAsakaM tathA saMlApakaM zrIgaditaM zilpakaM ca vilAsikA / durmallikA prakaraNI hallIzo bhANiketi ca // aSTAdaza prAhurUpakANi manISiNaH / sA.da. 6/1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 pU. 4. dvAbhyAM tu yugmakaM sAMdAnatikaM tribhiriSyate // kalApakaM caturbhizca paMcabhi kulakaM matam / sA.da. 6/314 utta, 315 pU.

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64/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 5. sargabandho mahAkAvyaM tatraiko nAyakaH suraH // sadvazaH kSatriyo vApi dhIrodAttaguNA vataH / ekavaMzabhavA bhRpAH kulajA bahavo'pi vA / - sA.da. 6/315 una.. 316 6. zRGgAravIrazAntAnAmeko'GgI rasa iSyate / aGgAni sarve'pi rasAH sarve nATaka sandhayaH / / - sA.da. 6/317 7. itihAsodbhavaM vRttamanyadvA sajjanAzrayam / catvArastasya vargAH syusteSvekaM ca phalaM bhavet // - sA.da. 6/318 8. Adau namaskriyAzIrvA vastunirdeza eva vA / ___kvacinnindA khalAdInAM satAM ca guNakIrtanam // - sA.da. 6/319 9. ekavRttamayaiH padyairavasAne'nyavRttakaiH / nAtisvalpA nAtidIrghAH sargA aSTAdhikA iha // - sA.da. 6/320 10. nAnAvRttamayaH kvApi sargaH kazcana dRzyate / ___sargAnte bhAvisargasya kathAyAH sucanaM bhavet // - sA.da.3/321 11. sandhyAsuryendurajanI pradoSadhvAntavAsarAH / prAtamadhyAhnamRgayA zailartuvanasAgarAH // saMbhogavipralambhau ca munisvargapurAdhvarAH / raNaprayANopayamamantraputrodayAdayaH // varNanIyA yatAyogaM sAGgopAGgA amI iha / - sA.da. 6/322, 323, 324 pU. 12. kavervRttasya vA nAmnA nAyakasyetarasya vA // nAmAsya sargIpAdeyakathayA sarganAma tu / - sA.da. 6/324 kA utta., 6/325 kA pUrvA. 13. mahApurANaM madhuraM viloDya kSIravanmayA / navanItamivArabdhaM prItyai bhUyAtsatAmidam / / - ja.ma. 28/91 14. ja.ma. 9/41 . 15.ja.ma. 9/43 16.vahI, 9/46 17.ja.ma. 23/5 18. vahI, 8/74 19.ja.ma. 8/41 20.vahI, 7/46 21.vahI, 25/4 22. ja.ma. 27/36 23.vahI, 27/54 24.ja.ma. 27/65 25.vahI, 1/1 26. vahI, 9/79 27.ja.ma. 9/81 28.vahI, 9/83 29.ja.ma. 9/84 30. ja.ma. 18/2 31.vahI, 18/3 32.vahI, 18/8 33.vahI, 15/10 34. ja.ma. 15/21 35.ja.ma. 13/45 36.ja.ma. 13/46 37.ja.ma. 13/48 38. ja.ma. 13/92 39.vahI, 13/9340.vahI, 13/94 41.ja.ma.,sarga 6 evaM 23 42. ja.ma. 21/ 1 4 3.vahI, 21/2 44.vahI, 8/48 : 45.ja.ma. 12/57 . 46. vahI, 26/1 47.vahI, 26/2 48. athavA kRtavAgdvArevaMze'spin pUrvasUribhiH maNau vajravotkIrNe sUtrasyevAstime gtiH|| -ra.vaM. 1/4 49. arthadRSTiH samAdhiH - vAmana - kA.sU. 3/2/6 50. artho dvividhaH - ayoniranyacchAyAyonirvA / - kA.sU. 3/2/8 51. ja.ma. 1/4. 52..ma. 1/3 53.ja.ma. 1/1254.ne.ma. 1/4 55. ja.ma. 13/24 5 6.na.ma. 1/69 57.ja.ma. 17/108 58.na.ma. 1/48 59. ja.ma. 16/80 _60.amarUka zataka 61.ja.ma. 19/13 62.raghu.ma., a. 2 000

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caturtha - adhyAya 'jayodaya mahAkAvya' meM rasa bhAva vimarza . - . .

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rasa bhAva vimarza rasa rasa zabda kI prAcInatA vedoM se hI samupalabdha hai / laukika rasa evaM kAvya jagat ke meM mahAn bheda hai to bhI veda meM rasa zabda kA ullekha somarasa ke artha meM diyA gayA hai' / kAvya jagat meM prakAzyamAna rasa kA bhI sthAna vaidika - sAhitya meM nirdiSTa hai / 44 'raso vai saH, rasaM hyevAyaM labdhvAnandIbhavati / "2 1 isa prakAra usa AnandArtha meM bhI abhivyakta hai / vaidika sAhitya meM rasa - bhAva Adi zabdoM kA yadyapi ullekha avazya hai tathApi sAhityika sampradAya meM isake svarUpa Adi ke nirNaya kA zreya sarvaprathama nATyazAstra praNetA AcArya bharata muni ko hI hai / kAvya mImAMsAkAra rAjazekhara ne bhI kAvya mImAMsA ke prathama adhyAya ke Arambha meM hI likhA hai ki rasa kA upadeza sarvaprathama prajApati ne nandikezvara ko kiyA / rAmAyaNa Adi prAcIna granthoM meM bhI ATha rasoM kA ullekha milatA hai / dhvanyAloka nirmAtA AnandavardhanAcArya ne bhI rAmAyaNa ko karuNa rasa pradhAna kahA hai / AnandavardhanAcArya ke dhvanyAloka aura bhavabhUti ke uttararAmacarita se AdikAvya vAlmIki rAmAyaNa meM karuNa rasa kA paripAka samarthita hai| AcArya bharata ne nATyazAstra meM rasa kI prAcInatA ko svIkAra kiyA hai / bharata muni ne apane abhISTa grantha meM kahA hai ki rasa ke binA kisI bhI artha kI pravRtti nahIM hotI / inhoMne alaGkAra, guNa aura doSa ke rasa saMtrayatva para prakAza DAlA hai / mahAkAvya ke liye rasa eka Avazyaka tattva hai, daNDI, bhAmaha Adi ise svIkAra karate haiM / zabdapradhAna zAstra bhI rasasikta hone para upabhoga yogya bana jAtA hai / agnipurANa ke anusAra vAgvaidagdhyajanya pradhAna hone para bhI kAvya meM rasa hI jIvana hai" / nATyazAstra ke chaThe-sAtaveM adhyAya meM rasa kA vistRta vivecana upalabdha hai / isa kI niSpatti ke sambandha meM bharata muni kA sUtra isa prakAra milatA hai - "vibhAvAnubhAvavyabhicArisaMyogAdrasaniSpattiH 1112 vibhinna AcAryoM ne apanI-apanI pratibhA ke anusAra isa sUtra kI bhinna-bhinna vyAkhyA kI hai / bharata sUtra ke 'saMyogAt' aura 'niSpatti:' ina do zabdoM ko lekara vidvAnoM meM matabheda haiM /

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caturtha adhyAya / 67 AcArya bhaTTa lollaTa ne 'saMyogAt' kA artha 'utpAdyotpAdaka bhAva sambandhAt' evaM 'niSpattiH' kA 'utpattiH' artha liyA hai / inhoMne anukArya rAma, sItA Adi meM rasa pratIti mAnI hai / isase prekSaka sAmAjika ko kyA upalabdha hogA ? isa siddhAnta kA sabase bar3A doSa yahI hai / AcArya zaMkuka ne 'saMyogAt' kA artha 'gamya - gamaka bhAva sambandhAt' (anumApyAnumApaka bhAva sambandhAt) evaM 'niSpatti:' kA artha 'anumiti:' kiyA hai / yaha rasAdi ko anumiti se gatArtha karate haiM / vyaMjanA vRtti ko svIkAra nahIM karate / AcArya zaGku ke mata se rasa pratIti anukaraNakartA naTa meM hotI hai| yaha mata bhI samucita nahIM hai / kyoMki yahA~ bhI prekSaka ko koI upalabdhi nahIM hai / anumiti prakriyA bhI rasa pratIti meM bAdhaka hai / AcArya bhaTTanAyaka ne 'saMyogAt' kA artha 'bhojya- bhojaka bhAva sambandhAt' evaM 'niSpattiH' kA artha 'bhuktiH' liyA hai| rasa pratIti anukArya meM yA anukaraNakartA naTa meM nahIM apitu sAmAjika athavA darzaka meM hotI hai| kAvya meM Aye hue vRtta kA abhidhA yA abhinaya dvArA bodha karAye jAne ke anantara bhAvakatva vyApAra ke dvArA sItAtva rAmatva kA parityAga ho jAne para sAdhAraNIkaraNa ho jAtA hai / tataH kAvya ke tRtIyAMza bhojakatva vyApAra se rasa kA bhoga kiyA jAtA hai / isa ma meM yadyapi prekSaka pAThaka ko rasopalabdhitA hotI hai, para navIna do vyApAroM kI kalpanA ke kAraNa yaha mata bhI grAhya nahIM ho sakA / - AcArya abhinava gupta ke anusAra 'saMyogAt' kA artha vyaGgya vyaMjaka 'bhAva sambandhAt' evaM 'niSpatti:' kA artha abhivyakti hai / isa prakAra vibhAvAnubhAva vyabhicArI bhAva ke dvArA vyaGgaya vyaMjaka bhAva sambandha se ratyAdi sthAyI bhAva hI rasa rUpa meM vyaMjita hote haiM / loka meM kAraNa, kArya aura sahakArI kahe jAne vAle tattva kAvyajagat meM vibhAva- anubhAva aura vyabhicArI nAma se jAne jAte haiM / Alambana uddIpana ke bheda se vibhAva do prakAra ke hote haiM - I nAyaka-nAyikA Adi mukhya kAraNa Alambana vibhAva kahalAte haiM evaM utpanna hone vAle bhAva ke uttejaka uddIpana vibhAva kahalAte haiM / jaise- rati ke uddIpaka- ekAnta nirjana pradeza, candrodaya, vasantaRtu Adi / aGga evaM svabhAva se utpanna kAryoM ko anubhAva kahA jAtA hai 14 / gatyAdi kA stambhana, pasIne kA nikalanA, romAMca, svara bhaGga, kampana, kAnti meM parivartana, A~sU kA nikalanA, pralaya arthAt indriyoM kA apane viSayoM ke prati zithila honA ye ATha prakAra ke sAtvika bhAva batAye gaye haiM / hAva-bhAva, kaTAkSa, vikSepa Adi bhI anubhAva rUpa meM hI vyakta hote haiN| saMcArI bhAva yA vyabhicArI bhAva : jo bhAva sthira na hoM apitu utpanna hokara naSTa hote rahate hoM, aise gatizIla bhAva ko

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68/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana saMcArI yA vyabhicArI bhAva kahate haiM / ye bhAva taiMtIsa prakAra ke sAhityadarpaNa meM anupama DhaMga se nirdiSTa haiN|| sthAyI bhAva bhI anya raso meM niyama na hone ke kAraNa kabhI-kabhI vyabhicArI bhAva kahalAte haiM" / sthAyI bhAva mana ke usa bhAva ko kahate haiM jo viruddha yA aviruddha bhAvoM se tirohita na ho sakeM / kAvyAdi meM satata unake tAratamya kI gatividhi banI rahatI hai. jisase brahmAnanda sahodara rasa kA AsvAda niSpanna hotA hai / pratyeka rasoM ke niyama sthAyI bhAva haiN| jaise - zRGgAra kA rati, hAsya kA hA~sa, karuNa kA zoka, raudra kA krodha, vIra kA utsAha, bhayAnaka kA bhaya, bIbhatsa kA jugupsA, adbhuta kA viSpaya aura zAnta rasa kA sthAyI nirveda yadyapi karuNa, bIbhatsa, bhayAnaka Adi rasoM meM kramazaH zoka, jugupsA, bhaya Adi sthAyI hote haiM evaM kisI priya vyakti kA maraNa, ghRNita, durgandha pUrNa asthi paMjarAdi kA darzana, vyAghra sarpAdi bhayAnaka prANI kA darzana kramazaH ina rasoM meM vibhAvAdi hote haiM jo duHkha ke kAraNa haiM parantu itane mAtra se ina rasoM meM duHkha nahIM hotA kyoMki yahA~ vibhAva, anubhAva, saMcArI Adi bhAva alaukika kAraNa hote haiM / yadi karuNa rasa pradhAna 'rAmAyaNa' duHkhadAyaka hotA to koI usake sunane-par3hane yA tadviSayaka abhinaya ko dekhane meM pravRtta nahIM hotA kyoMki koI bhI vyakti du:kha ke liye kisI kArya meM pravRtta nahIM hotA / antataH ina alaukika vibhAvAdi se ke samAna sukha hI upalabdha hotA hai / paM. rAja jagannAtha ne bhI rasagaMgAdhara meM rasa-viSayaka prAcIna matoM kA samyak vivecana kiyA hai / jinameM katipaya ke liye koI aitihAsika AdhAra nahIM hai / AcArya abhinavagupta evaM mammaTa ke rasa vivecana se paM. rAja meM antara dRSTi mAtra kA hai / paM. rAja jagannAtha 'raso vai saH' ityAdi zruti ke AdhAra para rati Adi sthAyI bhAva se avicchinna caitanya ko rasa mAnate haiM parantu ukta donoM matoM meM caitanya viziSTa sthAyI bhAva ko hI rasa kahA gayA hai / kevala vizeSaNa-vizeSya bhAva mAtra kA hI isa viSaya meM antara hai / __rasa saMkhyA kI dRSTi se bhI AcAryoM meM kucha matabheda haiM / nATya-zAstra praNetA bharata muni ne zAnta rasa kA lakSaNa evaM vibhAvAdi kA pratipAdana nahIM kiyA hai usameM kyA kAraNa ho sakatA hai ? yaha vicAraNIya hai / parantu yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki anAdikAla se utpanna rAga, dveSa, IrSyA, krodhAdi kA nAza honA sambhava nahIM hai ataeva zAnta rasa kA sthAyIbhAva nirveda yA zama kA honA bhI sambhava na hone se zAnta rasa nahIM kahA gayA hai| abhinavagupta ke anuyAyI kAvya prakAzakAra mammaTa ne pahale ATha rasoM ko kahakara evaM unake sthAyI bhAvoM ko dikhAkara nirveda pradhAna navama zAnta rasa bhI hai, aisA kahA hai| ina sabake atirikta AcArya rUdraTa ne preyAn nAma kA eka aura bhI rasa svIkAra kiyA

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caturtha adhyAya / 69 hai / isI prakAra sAhityadarpaNakAra ne vAtsalyarasa bhI mAnA hai jo unake abhISTa grantha se spaSTa hai / gor3I, vaiSNava Adi sampradAyavAdiyoM ne to madhurarasa ko hI sarvazreSTha svIkAra kiyA hai / mAdhva sampradAyavAdiyoM ne bhaktirasa ko pradhAnatA dI hai| dazarUpakakAra dhanika ne bhI ATha rasoM ke atirikta zamapradhAna naveM rasa zAnta kI sattA svIkAra karane para bhI anabhineya hone ke kAraNa nATya meM anabhISTa mAnA hai| rasoM kA pArasparika zatru-mitra bhAva : kisI bhI kAvya yA mahAkAvya meM pradhAnatA kisI eka hI rasa kI hotI hai / anya rasa gauNa hokara hI sthita hote haiM / yadi virodhI rasa kI prabalatA ho jAya to rasa doSa ho jAtA hai / isI prakAra kAvya meM prAyaH virodhI bhAva nahIM Thaharate haiM / yadi virodhI bhAva Ate bhI haiM to bAhya rUpa meM hI Ate haiM arthAt aGga hokara ke hI sthita hote haiM aGgI kI sthiti meM unakA vistAra nahIM hotA hai / kina rasoM kA kina se virodha hai inake viSaya meM bhI AcAryoM ne apanA mata vyakta kiyA hai / zRGgAra kA karuNa, bIbhatsa, raudra tathA bhayAnaka ke sAtha virodha hai / isI prakAra hAsya kA karuNa aura bhayAnaka se, karuNa kA hAsya aura zRMGgAra se, raudra kA hAsya zRGgAra tathA bhayAnaka se virodha hai / zAMta rasa ke zatrurasoM meM vIra, raudra, bhayAnaka, zRGgAra tathA hAsya rasoM ke nAma Ate haiM aura bIbhatsa rasa kI zatrutA kevala zRGgAra ke sAtha hai tathA adbhuta kA virodha kisI ke sAtha nahIM hai / isI prakAra vIra, zRGgAra, raudra, hAsya kA bhayAnaka rasa se virodha hai / kAvyAcAryoM ne rasoM ke paraspara virodha parihAra kA bhI nirUpaNa kiyA hai| AcAryoM ne vIra rasa, adbhuta rasa evaM raudra rasa ko paraspara bhinna mAnA hai / usI prakAra zRGgAra, adbhuta aura hAsya rasoM kI paraspara maitrI hai tathA bhayAnaka aura bIbhatsa bhI apAsa meM bhinna haiM / rasa sambandhI zAstrIya carcA anyatra vyApaka hai / maiMne yahA~ saMkSepa meM usakA digdarzana mAtra karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| rasoM ke bheda 1. zRGgAra rasa AcAryoM ne zRGgAra ke do bheda svIkAra kiye haiM / 1. saMyoga 2. vipralambha 1. AliGgana - cumbana Adi bheda se saMyoga zRGgAra ke ananta bheda saMbhava haiM / jinakA parigaNana saMbhava nahIM / ataH prAdhAnyena usakA eka bheda mAnA gayA hai / mammaTa Adi AcAryoM ne vipralambha ke 5 bheda svIkAra kiye haiM, ve haiM, abhilASa, viraha, IrSyA, pravAsa aura zApa hetuka / sAhityadarpaNakAra vizvanAtha ne likhA hai ki binA vipralambha ke sambhoga zRGgAra puSTa nahIM hotA / zRGgAra zabda kA artha karate hue unhoMne kahA hai ki zRGga arthAt kAma

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70 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana kA bheda' zRGgamaRcchati prApnoti iti zRGgAra' zRGga upapada rahate hue RdhAtu se 'karmaNyaN' sUtra se aN pratyaya karake zRGgAra zabda niSpanna hotA hai / isake viSNu devatA haiM / varNa isakA zyAma hai 24 / AcArya vizvanAtha ne eka vilakSaNa bAta kahI ki karuNa vipralambha bhI eka rasa hai / nAyaka aura nAyikA meM eka kA lokAnantara arthAt dehAvasAna ho jAya punaH prApta na hone ke kAraNa AkulatA utpanna hotI ho prANa viyoga ho jAne para zoka mizrita jahA~ rati puSTa ho vahA~ karuNa vipralambha rasa hotA hai / milane kI AzA kA abhAva hone se kevala zoka jahA~ sthAyI bhAva ho vahA~ rati ke naSTa hone se utkaTa zoka sambhAvita hone se karuNa hotA hai / 1 vANabhaTTa praNIta kAdambarI meM puNDarIka mahAzvetA kA vRttAnta karuNa vipralambha hai / 2. hAsya rasa hAsya rasa kA varNa zveta tathA devatA ziva haiN| svAbhAvika se viparIta AkAra ceSTA hAtha caraNa Adi kA honA Alambana vibhAva hai / netra kA saMkucita honA, vizeSa puruSa ceSTAdi jisase jana varga adhika ha~sane meM pravRtta ho vaha uddIpana vibhAva banatA hai| netra mudrita karanA, mukha ko chipAnA, kapola Adi kA phulAnA anubhAva hai| nidrA, Alasya, manovRtti ko chipAnA, zrama Adi vyabhicArI bhAva hai / hAsa isakA sthAyI bhAva hai / yaha rasa uttama-madhyama-adhama prakRta bheda se cha: prakAra kA hotA hai / uttama vyaktiyoM meM hasita jisameM adhara meM kucha gati pratIta ho tathA thor3e-thor3e dA~ta dIkhate hoM, jisameM netra kucha vikasita hoM unheM hasita kahate haiN| smita (muskurAhaTa) jisameM kapola bhAga Adi romAMcita rahate haiM / isase adhika hAsya kA svarUpa uttama prakRti ke viruddha mAnA gayA hai / - madhyama prakRti meM vihasita-avahasita ye do bheda kahe gaye haiM / jisameM madhura svara hote hoM use vihasita, jisameM kandhA mastaka bhAga kampana yukta hoM use avahasita kahate haiM / adhama prakRti meM -apahasita tathA atihasita hAsya ke rUpa hote haiM / apahasita meM DhaDhAkara ha~sanA aura netra kA A~suoM se bhara jAnA zarIra kA hAsya vaza idhara-udhara utthita hone kI kriyA hai, tathA aGga kA idhara-udhara se saMcAlana Adi atihasita haiM " / 3. karuNa rasa - jahA~ abhISTa vastu kI aprApti aura aniSTa vastu kI prApti ko karuNa rasa meM vibhAva mAnA gayA hai / zocanIya naSTa putra dhanAdi Alambana vibhAva hote haiM / dAhAdika avasthA uddIpana vibhAva banatA hai / zoka isa rasa kA sthAyI bhAva hai / yama isake devatA haiM / kapota varNa (malina-varNa) isakA raMga mAnA gayA hai kyoMki zoka pApa se hI utpanna hotA hai aura pApa kA svarUpa kavi samaya (khyAti) ke AdhAra para 'mAlinyaM vyomni pApe' (sA.da. saptama pariccheda) malina mAnA gayA hai / devanindA, bhAgyanindA, pRthvI para giranA, cillAnA, vyathA janaka zabdoccAraNa Adi isake anubhAva haiM / nirveda, moha Adi isake vyAbhicArI bhAva hai 7 /

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caturtha adhyAya / 71 karuNa vipralambha se isa karuNa kA bheda yaha hai ki karuNa meM sthAyIbhAva zoka hotA hai jabaki karuNa vipralambha meM punaH saMyoga hetuka ratibhAva hI sthAyI banatA hai / 4. raudra rasa - raudra rasa kA rakta varNa, rudra devatA kahA hai / krodha isakA sthAyI bhAva hai| zatru Adi Alambana vibhAva, zatru Adi kI ceSTAe~ muSTika prahAra, giranA, aGga chedana, vidAraNa Adi uddIpana vibhAva haiM / bhauhoM kA car3hanA, oSTha phar3aphar3AnA, tAr3hI ThokanA isake anubhAva haiM / ugratA, romAMca, kampana, moha, unamarSa Adi isake vyabhicArI bhAva haiM / yadyapi raudra aura yuddhavIra meM zatru hI Alambana vibhAva hotA hai isIliye ekatA kI pratIti hotI hai / parantu phira bhI ina donoM meM bheda hai / kyoMki raudra rasa meM A~kha, mukha rakta hote haiM tathA krodha sthAyI bhAva hai / jabaki vIra kA sthAyI bhAva utsAha hai| 5. vIra rasa - vIra rasa ke mahendra devatA haiM, varNa suvarNa mAnA gayA hai / vijetavya padArtha Alambana vibhAva hai tathA vijetavyAdi kI ceSTA uddIpana hai| sahAyakoM kA khojanA anubhAva hai| dhRti, mati, garva, smRti, tarka, romAMca Adi vyabhicArI bhAva haiM / yaha dAnavIra, dharmavIra, yuddhavIra, dayAvIra ke bheda se cAra prakAra kA mAnA gayA hai| 6. bhayAnaka rasa - isa rasa kA devatA bhUta hai parantu kAlAdhidevataH yaha pAThAntara bhI milatA hai / isaliye kAla yama bhI isake devatA kahe jAte haiM / vaha prANimAtra ke mRtyujanaka haiM / unhIM ke dvArA bhaya utpanna hone se aisA mAnA gayA hai / isakA varNa zyAma hai / bhaya sthAyI bhAva hai / nIca jana adhama prakRti strI Adi isameM nAyaka hote haiN| jisase bhaya utpanna hotA ho aise isameM Alambana vibhAva banate haiM / inakI. bhayaMkara ceSTAe~ uddIpana vibhAva bana jAte haiM / mAlinya, lar3akhar3Ate hue zabda se bolanA, ceSTAoM kA lupta honA. pasInA A jAnA, romAMca uThanA, kampana, dizAoM kI ora dekhanA Adi anubhAva haiM / jugupsA, Avega, bhrAnti, mRtyu Adi vyabhicArI bhAva banate haiM / 1. bIbhatsa rasa - bIbhatsa rasa ke mahAkAla devatA haiM / isakA nIla varNa arthAt dhruma varSa svIkAra kiyA gayA hai / nIlavarNa kA artha dhruma varNa hotA hai - 'mahAkAlaM yajeddevyA dakSiNe dhumravarNakam' isa smRti vacana se paripuSTa hai / jugupsA sthAyI bhAva hai / durgandha, mAMsa, rudhira, medA Alambana vibhAva hote haiM; unhIM vastuoM meM kRmi par3a jAnA Adi uddIpana vibhAva kahA gayA hai / thUkanA, mukha kA DhakanA, netra saMkoca vamana Adi isameM anubhAva hote haiM / moha, apagata smRti, Avega, vyAdhi maraNa, glAni Adi vyabhicArI bhAva kahe gaye haiN| 2. adabhuta rasa - isa rasa ke gandharva devatA hai / bharata muni ne adbhuta rasa ko brahmadaivata evaM pItavarNa batAyA hai / gandharvo ke pIta varNa hone se pIta svarUpa kahA gayA / alaukika kA indrajAlAdi Alambana vibhAva evaM guNoM kA mahatva varNana uddIpana vibhAva hotA hai|

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72 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana . jar3atA, pasInA AnA, romAMca, gadgad vANI, vega, netra Adi kA phailanA, nirnimeSa dekhanA ye saba anubhAva mAne gaye haiM / vitarka, Avega, sambhrAnti, harSa, utsukatA Adi vyabhicArI bhAva haiN| 9. zAnta rasa - zAnta rasa ke devatA lakSmI nArAyaNa haiM / mAghIpuSpa, candramA Adi ke samAna isakA zakla nirmala varNa kahA gayA hai / bhAgavata meM bhI bhagavAn ke sambandha meM aisA kahA gayA hai - "zukloraktastathA pIta idAnIM kRSNatAM gataH / " isa kathana se satyayuga meM mahAviSNu kA zuddha rUpa vyakta hotA hai / "tatra satvaMnirmalatvAtprakAzakamiti / " isa gItA ke kathana se bhI zama kA janaka sattvaguNa, zuddha varNa sphaTika ke sadRza prakAzaka hone se zAnta kA bhI zubhra varNa honA ucita hI hai / yaha sArA saMsAra anitya arthAt avazya vinAzI hai / AtmajJAna kA bAdhaka hai / samagra vitta, putra, mitra, kalatra Adi padArtha ni:sAra haiM ityAdi, tathA paramAtmasvarUpa isake Alambana vibhAva rUpa meM kahe gaye haiN| pavitra Azrama citrakUTa Adi, zrI kSetra Adi tIrtha, ramya vana naimiSAkhya Adi evaM vaidyanAtha Adi dhAma tathA mahApuruSoM kI saMgati isake uddIpana vibhAva haiM / mokSotpAdaka romAMca dayA sanyAsa Adi isake anubhAva haiM evaM nirveda, harSa, smaraNa, mati sampUrNa jantuoM ke prati dayA, dhRti Adi vyabhicArI bhAva haiM zama isa rasa kA sthAyI bhAva hai / 10. vAtsalya rasa - ina saboM ke atirikta bharata muni ne vAtsalya rasa kA pratipAdana kiyA ___ hai / isI anurodha se sAhityadarpaNakAra ne bhI vAtsalya rasa ko vyakta kiyA hai| vAtsalya rasa kI devatA loka mAtAe~ mAnI gayI haiM jo gauryAdi SoDaza mAtrikA rUpa meM prasiddha haiM / varNa, kamala koza ke samAna kAnta arthAt zubhrapIta ke sadRza hai, kyoMki loka mAtAe~ isI rUpa kI hai / putra, anuja evaM anuja-putra Adi isake Alambana vibhAva haiM / unakI ceSTAe~ krIDA, kUdanA, hAsya, vidyA, zAstrAdika jJAna, zUratA, abhyudaya, dhanopArjanAdi evaM sevAdi uddIpana vibhAva haiM / AliGgana, aGga sparza, sira cumbana, dekhanA, romAMca AnandAzru, harSAzu vastra-bhuSaNa, dAnAdi anubhAva kahe gaye haiM / aniSTa kI zaMkA, harSa, garva, dhairyAdi isake vyabhicArI bhAva haiM / vatsalatA sneha isakA sthAyIbhAva hai / .. rasAbhAsa evaM bhAvAbhAsaH .. rasa evaM bhAva ke anucita pravRtti ko rasAbhAsa evaM bhAvAbhAsa kahate haiM / yaha anaucitya loka viruddha evaM zAstrAdi viruddha hone meM mAnA gayA hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki anucita vibhAva ke Alambana hone se rasAbhAsa evaM anucita viSaya ke hone se bhAvAbhAsa hotA hai / anaucitya kA nirUpaNa bharata Adi muni praNIta rasa evaM bhAva kI sAmagrI se rahita honA hI mAnya kiyA - sAhityadarpaNakAra ne bhI ise spaSTa kiyA hai" / yadi rati upanAyaka meM sthita ho yA

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caturtha adhyAya / 73 muni yA guru kI patnI meM sthita ho athavA bahunAyaka viSayaka ho athavA nAyaka - nAyikA donoM meM na rahatI ho athavA pratinAyaka meM sthita ho isI prakAra adhama pAtra athavA tiryag - yoni sambandhI rati ho to zRGgAra meM anaucitya hogA / isI prakAra raudra rasa meM guru Adi mahAn vyaktiyoM meM kopa kI sthiti ho to anaucitya hogA / zAnta rasa meM zama guNa hIna adhama jAtigata zAnta rasa kA varNana ho to bhI anaucitya hai, kyoMki aise pAtra meM zamatattva jJAna sambhava nahIM hai / gurupitA Adi jisameM Alambana hoM aise hAsya rasa meM bhI anaucitya hI bhAsamAna hogA kyoMki aisA Alambana dharmazAstra se niSiddha hone ke kAraNa ayogya mAnA gayA hai / aise hI vIra rasa meM brAhmaNa vadha evaM pitA Adi kA vadha tathA anAdhikArI ke prati dAna dayA kA varNana evaM kRtrima dharma ke prati utsAha pragaTa karanA yaha anaucitya hogA / kyoMki isa prakAra kA utsAha pragaTa karanA yaha anaucitya hogaa| kyoMki isa prakAra kA utsAha dharmazAstra se niSiddha hone ke kAraNa Alambana ayogya hotA hai / aise hI adhama pAtra meM utsAha ke varNana para bhI anaucitya hai / aise hI bhayAnaka rasa ke nirUpaNa meM uttama pAtra meM bhaya kI sthiti dikhAne para anaucitya hai kyoMki aise pAtra meM bhaya kI sthiti sambhava na hone se tadviSayaka Alambana ayogya hogaa| vezyA Adi meM lajjA kA varNana evaM anurAga Adi viSaya dikhAne para bhAvAbhAsa hogaa| isI prakAra anucita cintA dikhAne para bhAvAbhAsa hai, jisakA udAharaNa AcArya mammaTa ne sItA ko lakSya kara rAvaNa kI uktiyoM meM dikhAyA hai / yahA~ sItA kA anurAga rAvaNa meM nahIM hai tathApi rAvaNa dvArA sItA kI prApti hetu anucita viSaya kI cintA ko vyakta karane se anucita rati hai / yathA - "rAkAsudhAkaramukhI taralAyatAkSI sA smerayauvanataraGgitavibhramAGgI / tatkiM karomi vidadhe kayamatra maitrI tatsvIkRtivyatikare ka ivAbhyupAyaH // - kAvya prakAza caturtha ullAsa jayodaya mahAkAvya meM rasa - vimarza brahmacArI paNDita bhUrAmala jI zAstrI praNIta jayodaya mahAkAvya 28 sargoM meM nibaddha hai usameM prAyaH sabhI rasoM kA sanniveza huA hai / zRGgAra rasa - jayakumAra kA sulocanA ke sAtha premamayI vArtA ke vistRta varNana prasaGga meM yaha jJAta hotA hai ki vaha saba prakAra se jayakumAra ke liye priya bnii| devArAdhana ke samaya vahI sabhI sAmagriyoM ko detI thI / prajAhita ke hetu jaba vaha pathika banatA thA to sulocanA ucita sammati detI thI / jagat meM prakAza ke liye jaba jaya dIpaka hote the to sulocanA samIpa meM AbhA banakara zobhA detI thI / dIpaka aura AbhA kA sambandha zAzvata hai / sulocanA aura jayakumAra

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74/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana kA sambandha bhI zAzvata hai / binA dIpaka ke prabhA nahIM aura prabhA dIpaka se atirikta meM sambhava nahIM / nara ziromaNi jayakumAra yadi niSpApa rahA to vaha bhI sadAcAra meM guNoM parAyaNa thI / yathA - "jagadudyotanAya sati dIpe sAbhAsA bhAti sma samIpe / naraziromaNirbhuvi niSpApaH sApi sadAcaraNe guNamApa // 138 isI prakAra eka aura udAharaNa dekhiye - "na svapne'pi hRdaujjhi kadAcinnatabhravaH kathamastu sa vAci / / karmaNA tu vinayaika bhujApi vyatyayena yaja ityathavApi // 139 ukta zloka meM bhI jayakumAra aura sulocanA kA akSuNNa prema dikhAyA gayA hai - svapna meM bhI vaha jayakumAra sundarI sulocanA ke hRdaya se kabhI pRthak nahIM huA / vANI se (zabda se) pRthak hone kI to bAta hI kyA hai? vinaya mAtra kRti meM tatpara rahane vAlI sulocanA ke hRdaya se bhalA vaha alaga (pRthak) kaise jA sakatA hai / uparyukta zlokoM meM paraspara jayakumAra evaM sulocanA eka dUsare ke prati Alambana haiM tathA unakI manovRtti kA milanA uddIpana hai / madhura bolanA Adi anubhAva hai tathA dhairya, smRti Adi vyabhicArI haiM / isa prakAra sthAyI bhAva rati ke dvArA zRGgAra rasa niSpanna hotA hai / teisaveM sarga meM bhI zRGgAra poSaka zloka milate haiM / eka sthala para kahA gayA hai ki mRgAkSI sulocanA ke madhura kAnti, hAsya (vikAsa) se bhare hue mukha kamala meM bhramaravat jaya Asakta ho gayA / usI prakAra sulocanA bhI usake nirmala caraNa kamaloM meM apane netra se vizeSataH dekhatI huI suzobhita huI / jisakA ullekha kavi ne manorama DhaMga se kiyA hai / yathA "mukhAravinde zucihAsakezare'livatsa mugdho madhure mRgIdRzaH / prasannayoH pAdasarojayordRzaM vizeSya padmApi jayasya sambabhau // '40 isa padya meM sulocanA Alambana vibhAva tathA pavitra muskurAhaTa evaM mAdhurya se bharA mukha kamala uddIpana hai / sacce anurAga ko pragaTa karane vAlI sulocanA kA netra usake caraNa kamaloM meM par3e haiM, anubhAva hai / hAsya saMcArI bhAva hai / rati sthAyI bhAva hone se zRGgAra rasa puSTa ho rahA hai| hAsya rasa - jayodaya mahAkAvya ke dvAdaza sarga meM mahArAja akampana ke yahA~ jayakumAra ke vivAha prasaGga ke avasara para jaba bArAtI bhojana karane ke liye pravRtta hote haiM usa kAla meM hAsya kA manorama nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / parosane vAlI sundariyA~ upasthita thIM / eka sundarI Amra parosa rahI thii| usase bArAtI

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caturtha adhyAya /75 ne kahA ki maiM tumhAre AmoM ko dabAkara hI dekha lU~ ki yaha kaise komala haiM / isa para vaha bolI ki he bhAgyazAlin ! cUsa kara hI kyoM nahIM dekha lete / - yahA~ Amra phala dene vAlI strI se dabAkara dekhanA ki yaha komala hai yA kaisA hai ? isake sambandha meM yaha uttara denA ki cUsa kara hI yaha madhura hai yA khaTThA hai, kyoM nahIM dekha lete / yaha pratyuttara bArAtI ko mUrkha banAne kI dRSTi se kahA gayA hai arthAt mAtRbhAva ko pragaTa kara bArAtI ko usa sundarI ne mUka banA diyaa| isa Azaya kI anupama chaTA avalokanIya "upapIDanato'smi tanvi bhAvAdanubhUSNustavakAmrakAmratAM vA / vata vIkSata cUSaNena bhAginniti sA prAha ca cUtadA zubhAGgI // 41 yahA~ para Amraphala ko dabAkara komalatA Adi ke jJAna hetu jo kahA gayA hai, vahI Alambana vibhAva hai tathA usakI ora dekhanA uddIpana vibhAva hai / tadanusAra icchA karanA, mukha kA usa kAla meM phailanA, dA~ta Adi kA kucha muskurAhaTa ke sAtha dRzya bana jAnA anubhAva hai / manovRtti ko tirohita rakhanA vyabhicArI bhAva hai / hAsya isakA sthAyI bhAva hone se hAsya rasa niSpanna hotA hai| isI prakAra hAsya rasa kI manorama vyaMjanA draSTavya hai - "tava sammukhamasamyahaM pipAsuH sudatItthaM gaditApi mugdhikAzu / kalazI samupAharattu yAvat smitapuSpairiyamaJcitApi tAvat // 42 arthAt eka bArAtI mugdhA sundarI se kahatA hai ki tumhAre samakSa maiM pyAsA par3A huA huuN| aisA kahane para vaha sundarI zIghra jala kA kalaza uThA lAyI yaha dekhakara vaha yuvaka muskurAhaTa se bhara gayA tathA vaha mugdhA bhI romAMcita ho gayI / yathA - isameM mugdhA sundarI dvArA jala kalaza kA darzana Alambana vibhAva hai tathA samIpa meM lAnA uddIpana vibhAva hai / romAMcita honA tathA mukha kA vikasita honA anubhAva hai manovRtti kA tirohita honA vyabhicArI bhAva hai| hAsya sthAyIbhAva hone se hAsa rasa kI manorama vyaMjanA ___ kisI barAtI ko pasInA A gayA / koI yuvatI yaha dekhakara samajhI ki ise garmI ke kAraNa pasInA utpanna huA hai / aisA socakara vaha vijana (paMkhA) saMcAlana karane lgii| aisA dekhakara vaha bArAtI bhI garmI kA bahAnA kara apane mukha ko U~cA kara lajjA ko tyAgakara saharSa usake mukha ko dekhane lagA / isakA manorama varNana kavi ne isa prakAra kiyA hai - "api sAttvikasiprabhAgudIkSya vyajanaM ko'pi vidhunvatI saharSaH / kalitoSmamiSo'bhyudastavastro hriyamujjhitya tadAnanaM dadarza // 143

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76/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana isameM sAttvika svedodgama kI garmI ke kAraNa utpanna huA samajhanA Alambana vibhAva hai evaM paMkhe kA saMcAlana uddIpana hai / mukha ko Upara karanA Adi anubhAva hai / manovRtti ko chipAnA vyabhicArI bhAva hai / isa prakAra hAsya sthAyI bhAva hone se vaha yuvatI upahAsa kA pAtra banI / isa prakAra hAsya rasa kA nidarzana ramya hai| isa taraha se anya sthaloM meM bhI hAsya rasa kA abhivyaMjana draSTavya hai / udAharaNAntara"nikSiptakiJcitprakaraM nivAsaM vismRtya gacchannitaretareSu / yunAM sa hAsaika nimittamAstAvaziSTabhArodvahanAkulasman // 44 .. jisa samaya gaMgA ke kinAre jayakumAra kA sainika zivira bana rahA thA usameM sainika gaNa sthAnoM kA cayanakara nivAsa hetu prayatna kara rahe the| usI samaya eka sainika zIghratA ke sAtha eka tambU meM apane kucha sAmAnoM ko rakhakara punaH aura sAmAna lekara usa tambU ko DhuMDhate hue bojhoM se bojhila hokara idhara-udhara bhaTakane lagA / isa kAraNa vaha anya taruNa sainikoM ke upahAsa kA kAraNa bana gayA / ___yahA~ para punaH sAmAna lekara bhrAnta vyakti kA bhramaNa Alambana vibhAva hai tathA idharaudhara bhaTakanA evaM AkulatA uddIpana vibhAva hai / Akula honA anubhAva hai / zrama adi vyabhicArI bhAva hai / hAsa sthAyI bhAva hone se hAsya rasa niSpanna hotA hai / karuNa rasa - mahAkavi praNIta jayodaya mahAkAvya isa rasa se achUtA nahIM hai / yathA"mRtAGganAnetrapayaHpravAho madAmbhasA vA kariNAM tadAho / yo'bhUccayo'do'sti mamAnumAnamudgIyate'sau yamunAbhidhAnaH // ':45 usa yuddha bhUmi meM mare hue zatruvIroM kI striyoM ke azrujala pravAha athavA hAthiyoM kA madajala samUha kA pravAha baha rahA thA vaha aisA pratIta hotA thA mAno Aja bhI vahI yamunA ke nAma se kahA jAtA hai / ___yahA~ para mRta zatru Alambana vibhAva hai unakA darzana uddIpana hai unakI patniyoM ke netra se azru pravAha kA nikalanA anubhAva hai / AkSipta cintA vyabhicArI bhAva hai aura zoka sthAyI bhAva hone se karuNa rasa niSpanna ho rahA hai / raudra rasa - raudra rasa ke varNana meM siddhahasta mahAkavi kA mahAkAvya jayodaya isa rasa se vaMcita nahIM hai / saptama sarga meM mAlyArpaNa dekhakara arkakIrti kruddha hokara yuddha kI ghoSaNA karatA hai / mantriyoM dvArA samajhAye jAne ke prasaGga meM isa rasa kI manoramatA dekhI jA sakatI hai - "kSamAyAmastu vizrAmaH zramaNAnAM tu bho guNa /

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caturtha adhyAya / 77 surAjAM rAjate vaMzyaH svayaM mAJcaka mUrdhani mantriyoM dvArA samajhAye jAne ke anantara arkakIrti isa prakAra bolA ki he maMtrin / suno, kSamAzIla honA, tyAgI ( saMnyAsiyoM) kA kAma hai, kSatriyoM kA putra to apane bala dvArA siMhAsana ke ziSara para ArUr3ha hotA hai / 1 isa padya meM mana meM virAjamAna jayakumAra vibhAva hai / sulocanA dvArA mAlyArpaNa uddIpana hai / sahanazIlatA kA abhAva vyakta karanA anubhAva hai arthAt pratikAra ke liye pravRtta honA anubhAva hai irSyA Adi saMcArI bhAva hai / jayakumAra viSayaka arkakIrti meM vyaMjanA se bodhya krodha sthAyIbhAva hai / isake atirikta yahA~ 'kSa', 'tra', 'Sya' Adi varNoM kA vinyAsa ojoguNa ko niSpanna karatA hai jo raudra kA poSaka hai / 1 isI prakAra anya sthaloM meM bhI isa rasa kI chaTA darzanIya hai / yathA "vinayo nayavatyevA'tinaye tu gurAvapi pramApaNaM janaH pazyennItire vaguruH satAm svayaMvaraM varaM vartma jAne nAnena me grahaH kintu mantumidaM grAhyatayA kAritavAn kudhIH arthAt vinayazIla honA nItijJoM kI bAta hai nIti tyAga kara calane vAlA guru bhI (mahAn bhI) pUjya hI kyoM na ho / parantu svAbhimAnI vyakti usake mRtyu ko hI dekhatA hai kyoMki nIti hI sabakI guru hai I 1146 1 11 1 - 147 svayaMvara samIcIna mArga hai maiM yaha samajhatA hU~ isase merA koI virodha nahIM kintu yaha svayaMvara nahIM huA hai yaha to durbuddhi akampana ne apane durAgraha se isa vara kA varaNa karAyA hai / uparyukta kathanoM meM sulocanA ke dvArA jayakumAra ko mAlyArpaNa Alambana vibhAva hai tathA sulocanA ke sAtha jayakumAra kA nirNita sambandha uddIpana vibhAva hai / pUjya kA anAdara anubhAva hai / IrSyA vyabhicArI bhAva hai evaM krodha sthAyI bhAva hone se raudra rasa niSpanna hai| isI prakAra Age bhI vahI kahatA hai ki jayakumAra sAdhAraNa rAjAoM ko jItakara bhI kyA vAstavika vijayI ho sakatA hai / hAthI yadyapi anya pazuoM se bar3A hai tathApi kyA ha siMha zAvaka kI tulanA meM A sakatA hai / isa Azaya kI jhalaka anupameya hai| "sAdhAraNadharAdhIzAJ jitvA'pi sa jayaH kutaH / dvipendro nu mRgendrasya tulanAmiyAt / / 148 sutena isI prakAra Age bhI kathana hai ki mujhe sulocanA se koI prayojana nahIM phira bhI

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78/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samAkSAtmaka mana merA puruSArtha vyartha nahIM hai / kyoMki jo pAtA cAhate haiM ve satata kapaTa bhAva kara virodha karate haiM / vahI maiM kara rahA hU~ / yathA "no sulocanayA no'rtho vyartha meva na pauruSam / dvayarthabhAvavirodhArthaM karma zarmavatAM matam // 4 // yahA~ jaya Alambana vibhAva, sAdhAraNa nRpatiyoM ko jIta lene kA kula vRttAnta uddIpana vibhAva hai / pratikAra ke liye udyata honA (AkSepa) anubhAva hai / jIta lene mAtra se vijaya, vijaya nahIM ho sakatI yaha kathana IrSyApUrNa vyabhicArI bhAva hai / krodha sthAyI bhAva hone se raudrarasa niSpanna hotA hai| jaya hamAre tulanA meM nahIM A sakatA yaha garva raudra ko puSTa karatA hai| vIra rasa - __ prakRta mahAkAvya vIra rasa se otaprota hai / vIra rasa ke prayoga meM siddhahasta kavi kI paMkti prastuta hai - "samudyayau saMgajagaM gajasthaH pattiH padAtiM rathinaM rathasthaH / azvasthito'zvAdhigataM samiddhaM tulyapratidvandvi babhUva yuddham // ''50 arthAt usa yuddha meM gajAdhipa ke sAtha gajAdhipa, padAti ke sAtha padAti, rathArUr3ha ke sAtha rathArUr3ha aura ghur3asavAra ke sAtha ghur3asavAra jUjha par3e / isa taraha apane-apane samAna pratispardhI ke sAtha bhayaMkara yuddha huA / ___yahA~ para sulocanA svayaMvara Alambana vibhAva hai / yuddha meM gajArohI, azvArohI, rathI evaM padAti kA pArasparika nidarzana uddIpana vibhAva hai / tulya pratidvanditA ke sAtha yuddha, zastrAstroM kI dhvani aura yuddhArtha udyata honA yAnI prasthAna karanA anubhAva hai evaM AkSipta krodha vyabhicArI bhAva hai / isa prakAra utsAha sthAyI bhAva kI puSTi hone se vIra rasa niSpanna hotA hai / isI prakAra anya sthaloM meM bhI isakA ramya prayoga huA hai / jaise usa yuddha meM kruddha kisI bhayaMkara madamasta hAthI ne kisI eka pyAde kA eka paira apane paira ke nIce dabAkara dUsarA paira TUMr3a meM pakar3a lakar3I kI taraha cIra diyA / 'dUsarI kisI hAthI ne apane bahuta lambe dA~toM dvArA usa jaghanya hAthI ko vega ke sAtha uThAkara dA~toM ke madhya pakar3a liyA / mAno aisA pratIta ho rahA thA ki kisI parvata ke zikhara para megha hI Akara baiThA ho / ina AzayoM kA ramya rUpa avadheyArtha hai - "jaGgAmathAkramya padena dAnadharastadanyAM tarasA dadAnaH / / vidArayAmAsa kareNa pattiM sudAruNo dAruvadeva dantI // utkSipya vegena tu taM jaghanyadvipaM radAbhyAmapi danturo'nyaH /

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caturtha adhyAya / 79 zRGgAgralagnAmbudharasya zobhAM girerdadhAnaH khalu tena so'bhAt // '51 isI prakAra vIra rasa kI anupama chaTA anya sthaloM meM bhI ramya hai jisakA adholikhita udAharaNa avalokanIya hai - "samutsphuradvikra mayorakhaNDavRttyA tadAzcaryakaraH pracaNDaH / raNo'naNIyAnanayo rabhAvai sadIvyazastrapratizastrabhAvaiH // 52 arthAt jayakumAra kI ora se vidyAdhara meghaprabha (vidyAdhara) evaM arkakIrti ke pakSa se sunami jo donoM yuddha ke liye udyata huye divya zastra aura pratidivyazastroM ke dvArA mahAn AzcaryotpAdaka pracaNDa yuddha huA / yahA~ para jayakumAra evaM arkakIrti kA Adeza Alambana vibhAva hai, evaM yuddha meM pahuMcanA eka dUsare ko dekhanA uddIpana vibhAva hai / akhaNDa vRtti se yuddhArtha pravRtta honA anubhAva hai| pArasparika zauryapUrNa krodha vyabhicArI bhAva hai tathA utsAha sthAyIbhAva hone se vIra rasa kI manorama jhA~kI niSpanna hotI hai / bhayAnaka rasa - akampana yaha samAcAra sunakara hRdaya se kA~pa uThA aura usane sabhA meM mantriyoM ke samadAya ko bulAyA / kAraNa jhagar3e kI bAta sunakara usake mana meM vyathA paidA ho gayI / ThIka hI hai, kyA kabhI koI pathika ucita mArga se haTa sakatA hai / isa Azaya kA varNana mahAkavi ne anurekhita rUpa meM kiyA hai - "prApya kampanamakampano hRdi mantriNAM gaNamavApa saMsadi / vigrahagrahasamutthitavyathaH pAntha uccalati kiM kadA pathaH // 53 bIbhatsa rasa - jayodaya mahAkAvya meM bIbhatsa rasa kA prayoga mahAkavi kI pratibhA kA paricAyaka hai| yathA - "aprANakaiH prANabhRtAM pratIkairamAni cAjiH pratatA satIkaiH / abhISTasaMbhAravatI vizAlA'sau vizvastraSTuH khalu zilpazAlA // 54 . arthAt raNabhUmi meM hatAhata jinake prANa nikala gaye haiM aise yoddhAoM ke hAtha caraNa sira se bharI huI vaha yuddha-bhUmi prANiyoM kI icchAoM ko pUrNa karane vAlI aisI pratIta hotI thI ki jagat nirmAtA vidhAtA kI zilpazAlA hai / yahA~ para kaTe hue hAtha, paira, sira Adi Alambana vibhAva haiM / isakA darzana uddIpana vibhAva hai / ise dekhakara dUra haTanA anubhAva hai / smRti zUnyatA moha vyabhicArI bhAva hai evaM jugupsA (ghRNA) sthAyI bhAva hone se bIbhatsa rasa niSpanna hotA hai /

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80 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana isI prakAra anya sthaloM meM bhI manorama rUpa milatA hai - usa yuddha bhUmi meM mAMsa khAne kI icchA kiyA huA pakSiyoM kA samUha usa samaya A phuNcaa| zavoM para baiThe ve aise hue pratIta hote the mAno phUtkAra karake unake prANa hI nikala rahe hoM / ina bhAva kA nidarzana mahAkavi ke zabdoM meM dekhane yogya hai 'pitsatsapakSAH pizitAzanAyAyAntastadAnIM samarorvarAyAm / carAzca phutkAraparAH zavAnAM prANA ivAbhuH paritaH pratAnAH || ''55 yahA~ zava darzana Alambana vibhAva hai una para pakSiyoM kA ma~DarAnA yA baiThanA uddIpana vibhAva hai tathA mAMsa bhakSaNa unheM dekhakara A~khe banda karanA, dUra haTanA Adi anubhAva hai huA hai moha vyabhicArI bhAva hai evaM jugupsA sthAyI bhAva hone se bIbhatsa rasa niSpanna adbhuta rasa 1 1 teisaveM sarga meM jayakumAra - sulocanA ke pUrva janma kA smaraNa avadhijJAna murcchita honA Adi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| pUrva janma kI vidyA bhI inheM prApta ho jAtI hai / tadanantara premamayI vArtA kA vistRta varNana isa sarga meM dikhAyA gayA hai / pUrva janma smRti evaM kathAMza kA smaraNa adbhuta rasa kA paricAyaka hai| - 44 - 1 jisa samaya jayakumAra sulocanA ke sAtha apane prAsAda para car3hakara vArtAlApa kara rahe the usI samaya dampati ne AkAza mArgagAmI deva vimAna ko dekhA / dekhate hI pUrvajanma kA smaraNa karate hue ina donoM ko avadhi jJAna bhI hotA hai tathA murcchita ho jAte haiM / prabhAvatI aisA uccAraNa kara apUrva kA bhI anubhava karate haiM jo mahAkavi ke zabdoM meM hai prastuta "nabhaHsadAM zarmakarazcarannaraM vihAyasA vyomarathovalokitaH / prabhAvatItyuktavacA vicakSaNo mumUrccha jAtismaraNaM jayo vrajan // jayo'tha jAtismRtimeva tAM priyAmalabdhapUrvAmiva sundarIM zriyA / kimeSu rantuM paradAbhidAM hriyA babhAra mUrcchAmapi cAvRtikriyAm // 5 yahA~ para deva vimAna kA darzana evaM prabhAvatI rUpa meM jJAna honA Alambana vibhAva hai pUrva janma smaraNa uddIpana vibhAva hai| murcchita honA anubhAva hai / cintA Adi icchAe~ vyabhicArI bhAva hai / viSmaya sthAyI bhAva hai / isa prakAra adbhuta rasa kI niSpatti ramya hai / 1 zAnta rasa jayodaya mahAkAvya meM AdyopAnta sAratattva rUpa meM zAnta rasa kA hI paripAka hai astu, zAnta rasa kA maiM yahA~ pradhAna rasa ke rUpa meM vistRta vivaraNa denA abhISTa samajhatA hU~ / -

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caturtha adhyAya / 81 jayodaya mahAkAvya meM pradhAna rasa * vANIbhUSaNa brahmacArI bhUrAmala zAstrI praNIta 'jayodaya mahAkAvya' meM kisa rasa kA paripAka - dUra kara prema sUtra ko jor3akara dveSa bhAva ko dUra kiyA / isakI sUcanA samrAT bharata ke hai / kauna aGgI aura aGga haiM, isakA vivecana kaThina sA dIkhatA hai Arambha meM jayakumAra ko munirAja kA darzana milatA hai| madhya meM kAzI nareza akampana kI sundarI putrI sulocanA ke sAtha pANigrahaNa saMskAra kA varNana / usI kAla meM hI cakravartI samrAT bharata ke putra arkakIrti ke sAtha vigraha evaM yuddha kSetra meM utarane kA varNana bhI hai / cirakAla yaha vidveSAgni baiThI na raha jAya isa hetu kAzI nareza akampana ne apanI dvitIya putrI akSamAlA ke sAtha arkakIrti kA tatkAla maNDapa meM hI vivAha saMskAra sampana kiyA evaM donoM dAmAdoM kI pArasparika zatrutA ko pAsa dUta dvArA bhejI jAtI hai / vivAhamahotsavAnantara ghara ke liye prasthAna kA varNana tadanantara bhavana meM pahu~cane para gArhasthya jIvana kA anupama sukha, putra prApti, samayAnusAra putra kA rAjyAbhiSeka, rAjya bhAra putra ko sauMpa kara jinendra bhagavAn kI upAsanA meM tatparatA evaM mokSa mArga meM pravRtti hetu upakaraNoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, jisase paryavasAna meM zAnta rasa kI ora hI unmukhatA dikhAyI detI hai / zRGgAra se vimukhatA kA bhAna hotA hai / Arambha meM mahAkavi ne maMgalAcaraNa meM bhI 'svAbhyudayAya' jayodaya kA nirmANa karatA hU~, aisA likhA hai tathA 'svAbhyudayAya' zabdazleSa ke dvArA 'svarUpa AtmanaH abhyudayaH yasya saH ' isa prakAra svAbhyudaya sambodhanAnta banakara aura 'aya' prazasta vidhiartha ko dene ke liye prayukta hai| tathA 'bhuktyA', 'IzAnaM' pada ke dvArA mukti ke svAmI jina ko zraddhApUrvaka apane kalyANa hetu namaskAra dikhAyA gayA hai / mukti ke svAmI ko namaskAra karane kA abhiprAya vyakta karatA hai ki cAroM puruSAthoM meM mukti ko parama niHzreyasa samajha kara usa ora pravRtta karAne kI icchA pratIta hotI hai / 44 prathama sarga ke tRtIya zloka se yaha bhI vyakta hai ki amRta prApti kAmarUpa mAtra eka puruSArtha ko pradAna karatA hai tathA jayodaya kI kathA cAroM puruSArthoM ko pradAna karatI hai / yathA'kathApyathAmuSya yadi zrutArAttathA vRthA sA''rya sudhAsudhArA / kAmaikadezakSariNI sudhA sA kathA caturvarganisargavAsA || ''5 1157 usI sarga ke paMcama zloka meM bhagavAn ke caraNa kamala dvaya ko 'zivaikasaddmaM' kahA gayA hai jo ananya kalyANa kA ananya sthAna batAyA gayA hai / 'zivaM kalyANaM tadeva ekamAtram ananyaM sadma sthAnaM yasya tat zivaika saddma' yaha caraNa kamala dvaya kA vizeSaNa zAnta rasa ko puSTa karane ke liye hI prayukta pratIta hotA hai| jayakumAra ke caraNoM ke zaraNa meM pahu~cane vAle vyakti ke liye digambaratva tathA upavAsa kI AvazyakatA nahIM par3atI hai| binA bhogoM ke tyAga ke hI vyakti kA duHkha vimukta ho jAtA hai| yaha varNana jayakumAra ke mahatva pradarzana hai /

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'82/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana bagIce meM munirAja ko dekhakara sundarI pAda prahAra ke binA hI azoka vikasita ho jAtA hai / yaha varNana bhI prazAnta citta zoka hIna munirAja ke divya sampatti kI ora saMketa karatA hai / jo ramyarUpa meM avalokanIya hai "azoka Alokya patiM hyazokaM prazAntacittaM vyakasatsurokam / rAgeNa rAjIvadRzaH sametaM pAdaprahAraM sa kutaH saheta // ''58 jisake anta:karaNa meM jJAnarUpa dIpaka prakAzamAna hai / pApa vinAzaka aise munirAja ko. pAkara kadambavRkSa jaDatA se zUnya ho puSpoM se paripUrNa ho puSTatA ko prApta ho rahA hai / arthAt atyanta prasanna ho rahA hai / yaha bhI varNana munirAja ke vibhUti kA pratIka hI hai / yathA "yasyAntaraGge'dbhutabodhadIpaH pApapratIpaM tamupetya nIpaH / svayaM hi tAvajaDatAbhyatIta upaiti puSTiM sumana'pratItaH // ''59 yatipati munirAja bhaya ke zatru evaM nizcala haiM / unake agaNita guNa vizva meM vyApta haiM jo samAdaraNIya evaM saMsAra ke nAzaka (nivartaka) batAye gaye haiM / yaha ukti bhI zAnti kI prArambhika bhUmikA ko sahayoga pradAna karatI hai jo nimna rUpoM meM bar3e hI manorama DhaMga se citrita hai - "yatipateracalAdaradAmareH surucirA vicaranti carAcare / / agaNitAzcaguNA gaNanIyatAmanubhavanti bhavanti bhavAntakAH // 60 yativara (muni) ko jagat tilaka batAyA gayA hai / tInoM lokoM ke liye tilaka kI bhA~ti ve ziromaNi haiM / yaha saMketa bhI unnata jIvana kA paricAyaka hai / jinheM dekhakara jayakumAra ne manomalinya kA tyAga kara diyA arthAt anta:karaNa se kAluSa kA pariNAmabhUta saMkalpavikalpAtmakarUpa kA tyAga kiyA evaM ajJAnAndhakAra jayakumAra se dUra huA / ataeva prasannacitta ho jagat mitra RSirAja ke pAsa usa prakAra pahu~ce jisa prakAra candramA kRSNapakSa ko tyAgakara samudra ko harSita karane vAlA zukla pakSa ko prApta hotA hai| RSirAja kA samparka jayakumAra ke liye kevala abhyudaya kA sUcaka hI nahIM apitu jIvana ke divyazAnti sandeza hetu hI hai / yathA - "zyAmAzayaM parityajya rAjA harSitamAnasaH / saMzritya jagatAM mitraM zukla pakSamihAptavAn // 61 jayakumAra ne yaha kahA ki he bhagavan / Aja Apake darzana se maiM pApa rahita ho. rahA hU~ ataeva yaha saMsAra samudra aba mere liye cullU ke samAna pratIta ho rahA hai / ataeva maiM agasta RSi ke sAtha tAdAtmya prApta kara rahA huuN| yaha kathana mahAkavi ne apane abhISTa grantha meM prasAda guNa sampanna ramya zabdAvaliyoM se kahA hai -

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// 3 caturtha adhyAya / 83 "kalazotpattitAdAtmya mito'haM tava darzanAt / 'Agastyakto'smi saMsArasAgara zculukAyate // "62 punazca jayakumAra RSirAja se kahate haiM ki Apa ke parama pavitra caraNa dhuliyoM se yaha merA manomandira (manaH kuTIra) manorama ho rahA hai / yaha kathana antaHkaraNa kI nirmalatA kA arthAt rajasa evaM tamoguNa ko abhihatakara sattvaguNa ke udreka kA paricAyaka hai / aise hI Age bhI kahA gayA hai ki Apake caraNoM kA samparka pAkara yaha jIvaloka nirmala ho rahA hai / munirAja se jayakumAra ne yaha prArthanA kI ki kAma ko naSTa karane vAle mahAdAnadAtA, satyadharmaparipAlaka, jitendriya kSamAdhAraNa karane vAle munirAja mujhe sanmArga kA upadeza kareM, jisase sadA udaya banA rahe / isa kathana ko kavi ke zabdoM meM bar3e hI sundara rUpoM meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai| yathA"kSatakAma mahAdAna naya dAsaM sadAyakam / satyadharmamayA'vAmamakSamAkSa kSamAkSaka isa prakAra "AzramAt AzramaM gacchet" eka Azrama se dUsare Azrama meM jAnA caahie| isa siddhAnta para isa mahAkAvya meM sarvAdhika bala diyA gayA hai / punazca jayakumAra ne kahA ki he pavitra munirAja ! duHkhapUrNa graha meM rahane vAle hama gRhasthoM ke liye nirdoSa kartavya kauna se haiM aura kauna-kauna se nahIM haiM / he prazastaceSTAvAle RSirAja ! isa parigraharUpa ghara meM kisako zAnti prApta huI hai ? arthAt kisI ko bhI zAnti nahIM milI hai| tathApi Apake caraNoM ke nikaTa rahane vAle vyakti ko viveka prApta ho hI jAtA hai yaha mujhe anubhava ho rahA hai / gRhastha jIvana apanAne para zAnti ghara meM nahIM milatI isalie usakI prApti hetu RSirAja se apanA hArdika bhAva jayakumAra ne vyakta kiyA hai jo hRdayahAriNI padAvaliyoM meM aMkita hai - "granthArambhamaye gehe kaM lokaM he mahe Ggita / . zAntiryAti tathApyenaM vivekasya kalA'tati // "64 dvitIya sarga meM jagat ke hitakartA jina bhagavAn ko praNAmakara munirAja gRhasthoM ke hita hetu unake kalyANa prada kartavya zAstra kA upadeza karate haiM / yoga kSema hetu adhika bala dete haiM ki prApta vastu kI vyavasthA aura prAptavya ke liye udyogazIla hone ke liye mahAtmAoM kI zraddhA hotI hai| mahAtmA loga yadyapi nizcayAtmaka vastu ko hI hitakAraka mAnate haiM evaM vyAvahArika naya ko ahita kAraka samajhate haiM / tathApi vyAvahArika naya pUrvaka hI nizcayAtmaka jJAna hotA hai / yathA "Atmane hitamuzanti nizcayaM vyAvahArikamutAhitaM nayam / viddhi taM punaradaH purassaraM dhAnyamasti na vinA tRNotkaram // 65

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84/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana yahA~ bhI zAntaprada sukha kI ora saMketa hai / evaM AzramAt AzramaM gacchet' isa ukti kI puSTi hai / binA gRhastha jIvana ke pAlana ke virakta mArga ko apanAne vAle kahIM unmArgagAmI bhI bana sakate haiM kyoMki teja paMja ke binA bhAna nahIM hotA hai / saMsAra vyavahAra hI naya (nIti) hai / vahI vyavahAra nizcaya se yukta hone para ArSarIti kahalAtI hai / donoM ke parasparekSaNa se supariNAma upasthita hotA hai jisakA manorama citraNa dekhiye "lokarItiritinItiraGkitA''rSapraNItiratha nirNayAJcitA / etayoH khalu parasparekSaNaM sambhavet supariNAmalakSaNam // 66 yaha ukti zAnta ramya ke divya Ananda kI ora saMketa karatI hai| gRhastha pazuvat Asana, vyasana, bandhana meM par3atA hai / gRha bhI bhoga sAdhana hai / gRhastha hI trivarga (dharmArthakAma) kA saMgrAhaka hotA hai / yaha isI sarga ke ikkIsaveM zloka paryanta kahakara antima puruSArtha mokSa kI prazaMsA bAisaveM zloka taka kI gayI hai / jo darzanIya hai "karmanirharaNakAraNodyamaH pauruSo'rtha iti kathyate'ntimaH / . satsu tatsvakRtamAtrasAtanaH zrAvakeSu khalu pApahApanam // 67 .. arthAt sakala karma kSaya hetu tapasviyoM dvArA vihita karmamAtra kA nAzaka gRhasthoM meM pApa kA nAzaka antima puruSArtha mokSa hI banatA hai / isI prakAra anya sthaloM meM kahA hai - "zrIjinaM tu manasA sadonnayetaM ca parvaNi vizeSato'rcayet / gehine hi jagato'napAyinI bhaktireva khalu muktidAyinI // "68 yahA~ bhakti hI mukti kI dAyinI hai, yaha saMketa kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra aneka sthaloM meM evaM pratyeka sarga meM zAnta rasa kA anupama prayoga darzanIya hai / tIsare sarga meM uparyukta 'AzramAt AzramaM gacchet ' kI prAcIna ukti ko saphala banAne kI dRSTi se agrima kathAnaka kA utthAna kiyA gayA hai / kAzI nareza dvArA jaya ke svAgata meM kahI gayI ukti zAnta kI pramukhatA ko vyakta kara rahI hai - "tvadaparo jalabindurahaM jano jalanidhe milanAya punarmanaH / yadagamaM bhavato bhuvi bhinnatAM tadupayAmi sadaiva hi khinnatAm // tava mamApi samasti samAnatA svamudadhirmayi bindukatA''gatA / punarapIha sadA sadRzA dazA bhavati zaktiraho mayi kiMna sA // 16n yahA~ vinamratA kA darzana hai / pariNAma meM vaha zAnta ko hI puSTa karatA hai / navama sarga kA caturdaza zloka bhI zAnta rasa ko puSTa karatA hai /

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caturtha adhyAya /85 "tvamatha jIvanamapyanujIvinAmiha kutastvadanugrahaNaM vinA / mama samastu mahIvalaye'mRta zapharatA pRthuromakatAbhRtaH // 7deg Age bhI zAnta rasa kA hRdayagrAhI sanniveza mahAkavi ne kiyA hai jo draSTavya hai - "samayAt sa mahAyazAH sthitiM karasaMyojanakAlikImiti / upayujya punarnRpAsanaM munirantaHpurato yathA vanam // 1 isameM anta:pura se siMhAsana para mahArAja akampana pahuMce yaha dikhAyA gayA hai / jinake liye muni kI upamA dI gayI hai / muni mananazIla evaM vicAra dakSa hote haiM / akampana ke liye yaha prayoga dRr3hatA evaM nizcala anta:karaNa kA paricAyaka hai jo jayakumAra ke sAtha sambandha jor3akara bhAvI zAnta kA saMketa hai / ___dvAdaza sarga meM sulocanA ke zabdoM meM kahA gayA hai ki hamAre mUla puruSoM ne (mahApuruSoM ne) trivarga (dharmArthakAma) ko mokSa puruSArtha ke prati zakti prApta karane ke liye upayogI batAyA hai / maiM to isa viSaya meM gaurI arthAt bAla svabhAva vAlI hU~ kintu jaya zabda kA hI mukuTa dhAraNa karane vAle bhagavAn jina maMgala kAraka hoM / yaha dharmArthakAma bhI mokSa rupa puruSArtha kA pUraka hai / sAMsArika bandhanoM se dUra hone se hI zAnti hai / parantu ekAeka kisI mArga ko dRr3ha banAnA sambhava nahIM hai / isaliye zAnti ke sAdhaka dharmArthakAma bhI haiM isa ora sulocanA kI yaha ukti saMketa karatI hai - "kalazaH kalazarmavAganUna dalasaGkalpalasatphalaprasUnaH / vasudhAmasudhAvazAtsamudraH zivatAti kurutAttarAmarudraH // 172 isI prakAra anyatra bhI zAnta kI puSTi hotI hai / "mama zAnti-vivRddhacaM hasAM tu pralayaH satkRtazemuSIti bhAntu / hRdaye sadaye samastu jainamathavA zAsanamarha tAM stavena // ucitAmiti kAmanAM prapannau khalu tau samprati jampatI prasannau / . kusumAJjalimAdareNa tAbhyaH sutarAmarpayataH sma devatAbhyaH // " yahA~ para donoM dampatiyoM ke viSaya meM kahA gayA hai / unhIM ke vAkya haiM ki jina bhagavAn kI stuti se hama donoM meM uttarottara zAnti kI vRddhi ho / pApoM kA nAza ho / puNyamayI buddhi kA prakAza ho / dayA paripUrNa anta:karaNa meM jaina dharma sthita ho / isa prakAra kI samucita kAmanAoM se arhanta Adi paMca parameSTi devatAoM ke kAraNoM meM dampati ne puSpAMjali samarpaNa kii| karuNa dayA, zAnti kA aGga hai / vaira bhAva kA parityAga prANimAtra para dayA kI bhAvanA se zAnti prApta hotI dekhI gayI hai / uttama bhAvanAoM ko mahatva dene vAle jayakumAra nagara bhUmi ko chor3akara vanabhUmi meM jaba pahu~ce, to sArathI ne yaha kahanA zurU kiyA -

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86/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana "dariNo hariNA balAdamI tava dhAvanti mudhA mahIpate / karuNAsuparAyaNAdapi kva pazUnAntu vicAraNAhyapi // 74 arthAt he prabho ! yaha ApakA sainya samUha yadyapi karuNA se bharA huA hai / senA yuddha karane meM pravRtta rahane vAlI athavA nirantara yuddha hetu avyasanazIla dayA karanA nahIM jAnatI. apitu AkheTa Adi karane meM hI apanI utkRSTa dakSatA vyakta karane meM tatpara rahatI hai / parantu jayakumAra ke sainya samUha meM karuNA parAyaNatA dikhAyI gayI hai / sArathI kaha rahA hai ki sainya dala ke karuNA parAyaNa kahane para bhI ye hariNa idhara se udhara vyartha hI bhayabhIta hokara dauDa rahe haiM (unakA doSa kyA hai) pazu meM vicAra kahA~ ? jinakI senA meM karuNA bharI huI ho usakA jIvana kSetra zAnti kI ora kyoM na unmukha hogA / isI prakAra anekoM sthaloM meM isakA vikasita rUpa dikhAyA gayA hai| jisakA manohArI citraNa dekhane yogya hai - "yathodaye'hastamaye'pi raktaH zrImAn vivasvAn vibhavaikabhaktaH / vipatsu sampatsvapi tulyataivamaho taTasthA mahatAM sadaiva // ''75 arthAt mahApuruSoM kA jIvana sadA taTasthatA se hI otaprota rahatA hai| abhyudaya evaM avanati donoM unake liye samAna rahate haiM / na to udayakAla meM prasannatA aura na avanati kAla meM malinatA hI unapara adhikAra jamA pAtI hai / arthAntaranyAsa dvArA vyakta kiyA gayA hai ki taTasthatA hI sopAna kI bhUmikA hai| isI prakAra SoDaza sarga meM kAmAdhIna hotA huA bhI jayakumAra kahatA hai ki paMcazara kAmadeva mujha ekAkI ke pIche lagA huA yaha nizAcara (rAkSasa) hai / aisA socakara kaha rahA hai ki aSTAMga kA taMtra sUtra na prApta karUM to samAnatA kahA~ se ho sakatI hai / samakakSa hone meM hI sukha kI sambhAvanA ho sakatI hai / paratantratA yA bheda buddhi meM isa sukha kI sambhAvanA nahIM hai jise bar3e hI mArmika DhaMga se vyakta kiyA gayA hai jo prastuta hai - "nizAcaraH paJcazaro'sti pRSThalagno mamaikAkina A nikRSTaH / tvatto labhe no yadi tantrasUtramaSTAGgasiddheH samatAstu kutra // "77 isI prakAra eka udAharaNa dekheM - "zyAmaM mukhaM me virahaikavastu ekAntato'raktamahomanasta / pratyAgataste hya dharAgrabhAga evAbhirUpe manasastu rAgaH // 178 ukta kathana zAnta ko bhAna nahIM karatA kintu usakI sattA kA paricaya hI detA hai| anyatra sthala bhI isase achUtA nahIM, jisakI eka jhalaka ko dekheManAdirUpA sunityanena hyanantarUpatvamitaM jayena / anAdyanantA smaratikriyAsti tayoranaGgoktapathaprazastiH // 79

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caturtha adhyAya /87 yahA~ anAdirUpA sulocanA aura anantarUpa jayakumAra ina donoM ko anAdi-ananta rUpA smRti kiyA hai / aisA mArga saMstavana ke yogya hotA hai / yaha kathana anAdi-ananta zAzvata bhAvI sukha kI ora saMketa karatA hai kyoMki utpatti aura vinAza meM zAzvata sukha kI sambhAvanA hI ho sktii| __ aSTAdaza sarga meM prAta:kAla sUtagaNa jaba jayakumAra ke yahA~ guNagAna hetu upasthita hokara apanA kRtya Arambha karate haiM usa samaya yaha kahA gayA hai ki he rAjan ! kumuda samUha ke dala nIce kI ora jhuka rahe haiM evaM kamala samUha Upara kI ora uTha rahe haiM / donoM sthAnoM kA adhikArI bhramara pUrNa bhAra ko na dekara pariNAmataH tulyatA kA hI anubhava kara rahA hai| yathA - "zrI kairaveSu ca dalairvinamadbhirevamabhyunnamadbhiriva vAriruheSu deva / / taM sandadhatsupariNAmamapUrNamArantulyatvamaJcati milinda ihAdhikArAt // '180 yahA~ bhramara ke prati anyokti samAnatA kA anubhava zAnti kI ora unmukha kara rahA __isI prakAra unnIsaveM sarga meM dainika kRtya ke pazcAt jayakumAra bhagavAn jina kI stuti meM pravRtta hote haiM / yaha stuti hI manonigraha kA parama sAdhana hai / manonigraha zAnta kA prathama zastra hai / udAharaNArtha zloka prastuta hai "he nAtha ratnaM tRNamAmanantaH janImidAnIM jananIM tu santaH / svasyAnabhipretamanA carantaH pareSvapi svAtmani santuSantaH // 81 arthAt he nAtha ! ratnoM ko tRNasamAna samajhatA huA strI ko mAtA sadRza mAnatA huA svayaM niHspRha ho anya meM bhI Atmabuddhi kA anubhava kaba karU~gA ? yaha vAkya jayakumAra ke bhAvI vairAgya kA sUcaka hai - "grISme svabhAvI jana eva yasya zIte sadA kambalamabhyudasya / jaDaprasaGge'pyajaDasthalasyAsako tavAnanyatamA tapasyA // 182 isI prakAra zAnta rasa ke paripAka kI puSTi sarvatra vidyamAna hai - "nabhobhidhaika tAM kRtvA dhRtvA svavIcibAhubhiH / / yAti smAliGgitaM yadvA prajavAdamvu ambaram // 183 yahA~ cakravartI mahArAja bharata ke samIpa jayakumAra ke pahuMcane kA varNana hai / vahA~ se lauTate samaya gaMgA ko pAra karane ke samaya eka ghAtaka jantu makara rUpadhArI deva jayakumAra ko vyAkula banA detA hai / usa samaya ina vighnabAdhAoM evaM upadravoM ko zAnta karane ke liye dUra meM sthita bhI sulocanA namo mantra kA japa evaM cintana karatI hai / mantra-japa-cintana zAnta mArka ke abhyAsa kA sopAna hai / isI prakAra -

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88 /jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana "ativartya nadIvanAdikaM puramAtmIyamavApi senayA / narapasya yathA yatisthitirlabhate saMsRtitazzivaM rayAt // '185 padAti senA, azva, gaja, ratha, sainya aneka nadI vanAdi ko pArakara apane nagara ko pAkara usI prakAra zAnti ko prApta kiye jisa prakAra yati saMsAra samudra ko pArakara kalyANa ko pAkara parama zAnti kA anubhava karatA hai / aupamyamukhena yahA~ zAnti hai / teisaveM sarga meM vairAgyotpAdaka gIta gAna dikhAyA gayA hai jo bar3e hI manohara DhaMga meM hai - "tava mama tava mama lapananiyuktyAkhilamAyurvigatam / / he mana AtmahitaM na kRtaM // hA he mana. // 186 sthAyI Teka hai yahA~ yaha tumhArA hai / yaha hamArA hai / isa prakAra kathana meM tatpara hue he citta tumane sampUrNa Ayu vyatIta kara diyA / parantu he mana ! tumane apane zAzvata hita ke liye kucha bhI nahIM kiyA / isI prakAra Age bhI kahA hai - "nava mAsA vAsAya vasabhirmAtRzakRtisahitam / zaizavamapi zavalaM kila khelaiH kRtocitAnucitam / he manaH // 187 arthAt mAMsa, viSThA, mala Adi se bhare hue mAtA kI kukSi meM carbI sahita nava mAsa taka tumane nivAsa kiyA / krIDA ke sAdhanoM ke sAtha bAlyAvasthA ko khilavAr3a se hI kho diyA / ucita anucita kA vicAra nahIM kiyaa| he mana ! tumane apane zAzvata hita ke liye kucha bhI nahIM kiyA / Age bhI yathA - "tAruNye kAruNyena . vinauddhatyamihAcaritam / madamattasya tavAharnizamapi cittaM yuvatiratam // ''88 he mana. // arthAt yuvAvasthA meM nirdayatA ke sAtha tumane AcaraNa kiyA / mada se masta hokara dinarAta yaha tumhArA antaHkaraNa yuvatiyoM meM Asakta rhaa| he mana ! tumane apane zAzvata hita ke liye kucha bhI nahIM kiyA / "prauDhiM gatasya * parijanapuSTa cai zazvatkarmamitam / ekaikayA kapardikayA khalu vittaM bahunicitam // 18 he mana. // arthAt praur3hAvasthA meM parivAra ke poSaNa ke liye nirantara udyoga meM tatpara hokara ekaeka kaur3I ke dvArA adhika dhana saMcaya kiyA parantu he mana ! tumane apane zAzvata hita ke liye kucha bhI nahIM kiyA / punaH Age "smatamapi kiM jinanAma kadAcidvArddhakye'pi gatam / vikalatayA he zAnte samprati saMsmara nijanicitam // ''90 he manaH //

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caturtha adhyAya /89 arthAt kabhI vRddhAvasthA meM pahuMcane para bhI kyA jina nAma ko kabhI smaraNa kiyA ? he zAnte ! (zAntimayI priyA ke liye sambodhana diyA gayA hai) aba AkulatA se kyA lAbha? ise samaya jo kucha apanI nidhi saMcita kI ho use smaraNa karo / Age ke zlokoM meM yathA "raTa jhaTiti mano jinanAma, gatamAyurnu durguNagrAma / sthAyI AzApAzavilAsato drutamadhikartuM dhanadhAma / nidrApi kSudrA bhavadbhuvi naktaM divamavirAma // ''91 gatamAyu // arthAt he mana ! tU zIghra hI jina nAma ko japa, durguNa samUha meM hI sampUrNa Ayu vyatIta ho gayI, bar3e kheda kI bAta hai / AzArUpI bandhana meM pha~sakara dhana-dhAma ke liye nirantara . daur3atA rahA / isa bhU-tala meM dina-rAta nirantara tuccha nidrA bhI AtI hI rahI / ajJAna aura Alasya meM hI nirantara dina-rAta vyatIta ho gayA / - isI prakAra jayodaya mahAkAvya 23/64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69 zlokoM meM kahA gayA hai / Age ke zlokoM meM bhI - "he nara nijazuddhimeva viddhi siddhihe tum / 192 arthAt he mAnava ! apane anta:karaNa kI nirmalatA ko hI apanI saphalatA kA kAraNa samajha / yaha sthAyI Teka bhI zAnta rasa kI ora hI pravAha utpanna karatA hai / isa prakAra sthAyI Teka ke dvArA isa sarga kI samApti dikhAyI gayI hai / ___ caubIsaveM sarga meM sundarI sulocanA ke sAtha sAvadhAna evaM nyAyazIla tathA niSpApa jayakumAra vAMchita phala ko dene vAle jinezvara mandira meM praveza karate haiM / jisakA manorama citraNa prastuta hai - "kalaM vane'sAvavilambanena tagirebalaM devalamApa pApahRt / dhRtAvadhAnaH sunidhAnavabudhaH sadAyakaM vAJchitadAyakaM tadA // jayaH pracakrAma jinezvarAlayaM nayapradhAnaH sudazA samanvitaH / mahAprabhAvacchavirunnatAvadhiM yathA sumeruM prabhayAnvito raviH // ' 193 Age ke sarga meM varNita hai ki - sAre vaibhava svapna sadRza haiM / dRzya padArtha nazvara haiN| netra ke banda hone para mRgAkSI yuvatiyA~ masta hAthI Adi sAdhaka nahIM banate / yathA - "yuvatayo mRgamaJjulalocanAH kRtaravAdviradAmadarocanAH / laharivattaralAsturagAzcamU samudaye kimu dRk jhpne'pymuuH||4 yaha varNana bhI zAnta ko hI puSTa karatA hai / . chabbIsahaveM sarga meM samadarzI prANimAtra ke rakSaka jayakumAra ko anantavIrya putra utpanna

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90/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana hotA hai| isa prakaraNa meM yamakAlaMkAra kA sAmrAjya dikhAyA gayA hai| yaha saba hote hue bhI syAdvAda vizva kA jIvana evaM AtmamIta hai| Adi tIrtha kI vandanA se abheda bhedAtmaka arhan mata kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai - 'he deva doSAvaraNaprahINa tvAmAzrayedbhaktivazaH pravINaH / namAmi tattvAdhigamArthamArAnna mAmitaH pazyatu mAradhArA // bhavanti bho rAgaruSAmadhInA dInA janA ye viSayeSu lInAH / tvAM vItarAgaM ca vRthA lapanti caurA yathA candramasaM zapanti // virAgamekAntatayA pratImaH siddhauH rataH kintu bhavAn suSIma / vizvasya saJjIvanamAtmanInaM syAdvAdamujjhetkimaho ahIna // aho yadevAsti tadeva nAsti tvAdbhuteyaM pratibhAti zAstiH / yadvA smarAmo'tra tamInarebhyaH nizApi sA nAsti nizAcarebhyaH // 95 sattAisaveM sarga meM jayakumAra RSabhadeva bhagavAn ke pAsa unase dIkSA dene hetu yAcanA karate haiM / bhagavAn RSabhadeva dvArA unheM aSTAviMzati guNoM kA upadeza prApta hotA hai / ajJAnAndhakAra ko dUra karane vAle sabhA ke bhUSaNa loka pradhAna deva bhagavAn RSabha ne jayakumAra para satya vibhAva ke liye kRpA kI / yathA - - "satkartavyapathopadezanaparo lakSyo'pyavargazriyaH / isI prakAra mahAkAvya ke antima sarga meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki jayakumAra ne vaiSayika vRtti ko parivartita kara guru kI kRpA se bhavya jIvana ko prApta kiyA - "sadAruNoditAM vRttiM parivartya satAM patiH / guroranugraha prAptyA samavApAccha tAmatha // 1 // isI prakAra Age ke zlokoM meM bhI ullekha hai - rAjaparyA kA parityAga kara hRdaya kamala ko vikasita karane ke liye arhan deva ke pAsa pahu~cakara unhoMne tapazcaryA ko hI apanA dhana banA liyA / yathA - "rAjatattvaparityAgAtsaminoditavarNatA pazyato harato jAtAthAnidrAtnoH svazarmaNi // sphoTayituM tu kamalaM kaumudaM nAnvamanyataH / sAnugraha tayArhantamupetyAsIttapodhanaH // 98. isI prakAra Age ke manorama uddharaNoM para dRSTipAta kareM - "herayaiverayAvyApta bhoginAmadhinAyakaH / ahInaH sarpavattAvatkaJcukaM parimukta vAn // 11 arthAt tapasvI banakara samadRSTi rakhate hue indriya vigraha karane vAle sarpa ke kecUla

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caturtha adhyAya/91 tyAga ke samAna jayakumAra ne kaMcuka rAjakIya veza kA parityAga kiyA / pA~ca muTThI para hI .. apane bhAgya ko nirbhara kiyA / yathA - "paJcamuSTi sphuraddiSTi pravRttokhilasaMyame / uccakhAnamahAbhAgo vRjinAnvRjinopamAn // 100 isa prakAra sarga samApti meM bhI zAnti evaM zAnta ko hI puSTa kiyA gayA hai / isaliye isa mahAkAvya meM zAnta rasa hI pradhAna hai, jisake Alambana bhagavAn jinaAzraya jykumaar| bhagavAn ke guNoM kA zravaNa uddIpana vibhAva hai / guNa-zravaNa-bhajana saMsAra se virakti paraka sAdhanoM ko apanAnA anubhAva hai / tatsambandhI cintA vyabhicArI bhAva hai| isa prakAra zama kI sarvatra puSTi hone se kAvya kA aGgIrasa zAnta hai / anya rasa gauNa rUpa meM usake upakAraka ke rUpa meM upasthita hai / * * * phuTa noTa 1. dadhAnaH kalaze rasam - Rgveda 9/63/12 2. tai.u. 11/7/ 1 3. rAjazekhara - kA.mI., prathama adhyAya / 4. rasaiH zRGgAra karuNaraudravIrabhayAnakaiH / - bA.rA. 1/2/9 5. kAvyasyAtmA sa evArthastathA cAdikaveH purA / kauJcadvandvaviyogotthaH zokaH zlokatvamAgataH // - dhavanyAloka 1/5 6. ete hyaSTau rasAH proktA druhiNena mahAtmanA / - nA.zA. a.6 7. na hi rasAdRte kazcidarthaH pravartate / 8. evamete hyalaGkArAH guNAH doSAzca kIrtitA / prayogamedhAM ca punaH vakSyAmi rasasaMzrayam // - nA.zA. 17/108 9. (ka) alaGkRtamasaMkSiptaM rasabhAvanirantaram / - kAvyAdarza 1/18 ___ (kha) yuktaM lokasvabhAvena rasaizca sakalaiH pRthak / - kAvyAlaGkAra 1/21 10. svAdukAvyarasonmizraM zAstramapyupayu jate / prathamAloDhamadhavaH pivanti kaTu bheSajam // - kAvyAlaGkAra 5/3 11. vAgvaidagdhyapradhAne'pirasa evAtra jIvitam / - agnipurANa 336/33_12. nA.zA. a. 6 13. vibhAvenAnubhAvena vyaktaH saMcAriNA tathA / rasatAmeti ratyAdiH sthAyIbhAvaH sacetasAm / / sattvodrekAdakhaNDasvaprakAzAnandacinmayaH / vedyAntarasparzazUnyo brahmAsvAdasahodaraH // . lokottara camatkAraprANaH kaizcit pramAtRbhiH / svAkAravadabhinnatvenAyamAsvAdyate rasaH // - sA.da. 3/1, 2, 3 14. lokeM yaH kAryarUpaH so'nubhAvaH kAvyanATayoH / uktAH strINamalaGkArA aGgajAzca svabhAvajAH // - sA.da. 3/133 - nA.zA.

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92 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 15. vizeSAdAbhimukhyena caraNAdvayabhicAriNaH / sthAyinyunmananirmagnAstrayastriMzacca tadbhidAH // nirvedAvegadainyazramamadajaDatA augramohau vibodhaH svapnApaspAragarvA maraNamalasatAmarSanidrAvahitthAH / autsukyonmAdazaGkAH smRtimatisahitA vyAdhisaMtrAsalajjA, harSAsUyAviSAdAH sadhRticapalatA glAnicintAvitarkAH // 16. ratyAdayo'pyaniyate rase syurvyabhicAriNaH / 17. ratirhAsazca zodhekazca krodhotsAho bhayaM tathA / jugupsA vismayazcetthamaSTau proktAH zamo'pi ca // 18. nirvedasthAyibhAvo'sti zAnto'pi navamorasaH / - sA.da. 3/140-41 sA.da. 3/172 - - sA.da. 3/175 kA. pra.ca. 35/47 19. rudraTa kAvyA. 7/38-40 20. sphuTaM camatkAritayA vatsalaM ca rasaM viduH / sthAyI vatsalatAsnehaH putrAdyAlambanaM matam // sA.da. 3/251 21. na yatra duHkhaM na sukho na cintA na dveSa rAgo na kAcindracchI / rasastu zAnta: kathito munIndraiH sarveSu bhAveSu zamapradhAnaH / dazarUpaka caturtha prakAza pRSTha 260 22. AdyaH karuNa bIbhatsaraudravIrabhayAnakaiH // bhayAnakena karuNenApi hAsyo virodhabhAk / karuNo hAsyazRGgArarasAbhyAmapi tAdRzaH // raudrastu hAsya zRGgArabhayAnakarasairapi / bhayAnakena zAntena tathA vIrarasaH smRtaH // zRGgAravIraraudrAkhyahAsyazAntairbhayAnakaH / zAntastu vIrazRGgAraraudrahAsya bhayAnakaiH // zRGgAreNa tu bIbhatsa ityAkhyAtA virodhitaa|| - sA.da.3/254-258 1 - kA. pra. pRSTha 123 23. apastu abhilASaviraherSyApravAsazApa hetuka iti paMcavidhaH / 24. zRGgaM manmathodbhedastadAgamana hetukaH / uttmaprakRtiprAyo rasaH zRGgAra iSyate // paroDhAM varjayitvA tu vezyAM cAnanurAgiNIm / AlambanaM nAyikAH syurdakSiNAdyAzca nAyakA / candracandanarolambaru tAdyuddIpanaM matam / bhrUvikSepakaTAkSAdiranubhAvaH prakIrtitaH // sthAyIbhAvoratiH zyAmavarNo'yaM viSNudaivataH // vipralambho'tha saMbhoga ityeSa dvividho mataH // sA.da. 3 / 183, 84, 85, 86 25. yUnorekatarasmingatavati lokAntaraM punaralabhye / vimAnAyate yadaikastadA bhavet karuNavipralambhAkhyaH / sA.da. 3/209 26. vikRtAkAravAgveSaceSTAde: kuhakAdbhavet / hAsyo hAsasthAyibhAvaH zvetaH prathamadaivataH // vikRtAkAravAkceSTaM yamAlokya hasejjanaH / tamatrAlambanaM prAhustacceSToddIpanaM matam // anubhAvo'kSisaGkoca vadanasmeratAdayaH / nidrAlasyAvahitthAdyA atra syurvyabhicAriNaH // jyeSThAnAM smitahasite madhyAnAM vihasitAvahasite ca / nIcAnAma pahasitaM tathAtihasitaM tadeSa SaGbhedaH || ISadvikAsinayanaM smitaM syAt spanditAdharam / -

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caturtha adhyAya / 93 kiJcillakSyadvijaM tatra hasitaM kathitaM budhaiH|| madhurasvaraM vihasitaM sAMsaziraH kampamavahasitam / apahasitaM sAmrAkSaM vikSiptAGgaca bhavatyatihasitam - sA.da. 3/214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219 27. iSTa nAzAdaniSTApteH karuNAkhyo raso bhavet / dhIraiH kapolavarNo'yaM kathito yamadaivata // zoko'tra sthAyibhAvaH syAcchocyamAlambanaM matam / tasya dAhAdikAvasthA bhaveduddIpanaM punaH // anubhAvA daivanindAbhUpAtakanditAdayaH / vaivocchvAsa niH zvAsastambha pralapanAni ca / nirvedamohApasmAra vyAdhiglAni smRtibhramAH / viSAdajaDatonmAdacintAdyA vyabhicAriNaH // ___ -sA.da. 3/222, 223, 224, 225 28. kSokasthAyitayA bhinno vipralambhAdayaM rasaH / / vipralambhe ratiH sthAyI punaH saMbhoga hetukaH // - sA.da. 3/226 29. raudraH krodhasthAyibhAvo rakto rudraadhidaivtH| Alambanamaristatra tacceSToddIpanaM matam // muSTiprahArapAtanavikRtacchedAvadAraNaizcaiva / saMgrAmasaMbhramAdhairasyoddIptirbhavet praur3hA || bhUvibhaGgauSThanirdezabAhu sphoTa natarjanAH / AtmAvadAnakathanamAyudhotkSepaNAni ca // anubhAvAstathAkSepakrUrasaMdarzanAdayaH / ugratAvegaromAJcasvedavepathavo madaH / / mohAmarSAdayastatra bhAvAH syurvyabhicAriNaH / -sA.da. 3/227, 228, 229 230, 231 pU. 30. raktAsyanetratA cAtra bhedinI yuddhavIrataH / - vahI, 3/231 u. 31. uttamaprakRtivIra utsAhasthAyibhAvakaH / mahendradaivato hemavarNo'yaM samudAhRtaH / / AlambanavibhAvAstu vijetavyAdayo matAH / vijetavyAdiceSTAdyAstasyoddIpanarUpiNaH / anubhAvAstu tatra syuH sahAyAnveSaNAdayaH // saJcAriNastu dhRtimtigrvsmRtitrkromaanycaaH| sa ca dAnadharmayuddhairdayayA ca samanvitazcaturdhAsyAt // -vahI, 3/232, 233, 234 32. bhayAnako bhayasthAyibhAvo bhUtAdhidaivataH / strInIcaprakRtiH kRSNo matastattvavizAradaiH // yasmAdutpadyate bhItistadatrAlambanaM matam / ceSTA ghoratarAstasya bhaveduddIpanaM punaH / / anubhAvo'tra vaivarNyagadgadasvarabhASaNam / pralayasvedaromAJcakampadikprekSaNAdayaH / jugupsAvegasaMmohasaMtrAsaglAnidInatAH / zaGkApasmArasambhrAnti mRtvAdyAvyabhicAriNaH // - sA.da. 3/235, 236, 237, 238 33. jugupsAsthAyIbhAvastu bIbhatsaH kathyate rasaH / nIlavarNo mahAkAladaivato'yamudAhRtaH // durgandhamAMsarudhiramedAMsyAlambanaM matam / tatraiva kRmipAtAdyamuddIpanamudAhRtam // niSThIvanAsya valananetrasaGkocanAdayaH / anubhAvAstatra matAstathA syurvyabhicAriNaH // moho'pasmAraH Avego vyAdhizca maraNAdayaH / - sA.da. 3/239, 240, 241, 242 pU. 34. adbhuto vismayasthAyibhAvo gandharvadaivataH // pItavarNo vastu lokAtigamAlambanaM matam / guNAnAM tasya mahimA bhaveduddIpanaM punaH // stambhaH svedo'tha romAJcagadgadasvarasaMbhramaH / tathA netravikAsAdyA anubhAvAH prakIrtitAH // vitarkAvegasaMbhrAntiharSadyA vyabhicAriNaH // -sA.da. 3/242 u., 243, 244, 245 pU.

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94 /jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 35. zAntaH zamasthAyibhAvauttamaprakRtirmataH // kundendusundaracchAyaH zrI nArAyaNadaivataH / anityatvAdinAzeSavastuniH sAratA tu yA // paramAtmasvarUpaM vA tasyAlambanamiSyate / puNyAzramaharikSetratIrtharamyavanAdayaH // mahApuruSasaGgAdyAsta syoddIpanarUpiNaH / romAJcAdyAzcAnubhAvAstathA syurvyabhicAriNaH / / nirveda-harSa - smaraNamatibhUtadayAdayaH // -sA.da. 3/245 u., 246, 247, 248, 249, pU. 36. (a) "atha munIndrasaMmato vatsalaH" kA ullekha isa rasa nirupaNa ke prArambha meM hI kara dene se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki sAhitya darpaNakAra AcArya vizvanAtha ko yaha rasa mAnya nahIM hai / parantu bharata muni para pUjanIya dRSTi hone se vizvanAtha ne isa rasa kA pratipAdana kiyA hai / parantu navya AcAryoM ne ise bhAva pada se kahA hai / (ba) sphuTaM camatkAritayA vatsalaM ca rasaM viduH / sthAyI vatsalatAsnehaH putrAdyAlambanaM mtm| uddIpanAni tacceSTA vidyAzauryadayAdayaH / AliGganAGgasaMsparzazirazcumbanamIkSaNam // pulakAnandabASpAdyA anubhAvAH prakIrtitAH / saJcAriNo'niSTazaGkAharSagarvAdayo matAH / / padmagarbhacchavirvaNo daivataM lokamAtaraH // .- sA.da. 3/251, 252, 253, 254 37. upanAyakasaMsthAyAM munigurupatnIgatAyAM ca / bahunAyakaviSayAyAM ratau tathAnubhayaniSThAyAm // pratinAyakaniSThatve tadvadadhamapAtratiryagAdigate / zRGgAre'naucityaM raudre gurvAdigatakope // zAnte ca hInaniSThe gurvAdyalambane dAsye / brahmavadhAdhutsAhe'dhama pAtragate tathA vIre // uttamapAtragatatve bhayAnake jJeyamevamanyatra / - sA.da. 3/263, 264, 265, 266 pU. 38.- ja.ma. 22/42 39.vahI, 22/58 4 0.ja.ma. 23/5 41. ja.ma. 12/127 42. ja.ma. 12/119 43. ja.ma. 12/122 44. vahI 13/83_45. ja.ma. 8/41 46. vahI, 7/46 47.ja.ma. 7/47, 48 48.ja.ma. 7/49 49. vahI, 7/50 50. ja.ma. 8/11 51.ja.ma. 8/18, 19 52.vahI, 8/7453. ja.ma. 7/55 54. vahI, 8/38 . 55.ja.ma. 8/40 56.ja.ma. 23/10,11 57. ja.ma. 1/3 58. vahI, 1/84 59.ja.ma. 1/85 6 0.vahI, 1/94 61. ja.ma. 1/101 62. vahI, 1/103 63.vahI, 1/108 64.ja.ma. 1/11065. ja.ma. 2/3 66. vahI, 2/6 67.vahI, 2/22 68.ja.ma. 2/38 69. vahI, 9/41, 42 70. vahI, 9/14 71.ja.ma. 10/ 5 7 2.vahI, 12/5 73. vahI, 12/102,103 74. ja.ma. 13/47 75.ja.ma. 15/2 76. yamaniyamAsana praannaayaamprtyaahaardhaarnnaadhyaansmaadhiH| 77.ja.ma. 16/11 78. ja.ma. 16/12 79.vahI, 17/103 80.ja.ma. 18/28 81.vahI, 19/83 82. vahI, 19/101 83.vahI, 20/50 . 84. Namo arihantANaM Namo siddhANaM, Namo AyariyANaM / Namo uvajjhAyaNaM, Namo loesabbasAhUNAM / 85. ja.ma. 21/76 8 6.vahI, 23/58 87.ja.ma. 23/58 88.vahI, 23/60 89. vahI, 23/61 90.ja.ma. 23/62 91.vahI, 23/63 92.vahI, 23/92 pU. 93. ja.ma. 24/59, 60 94.vahI, 25/4 95.ja.ma. 26/74, 75, 77, 78 96. vahI, 27/67 utta. 97.ja.ma. 28/1 98.vahI, 28/2, 3 99.vahI, 28/6 100.vahI, 28/7 000

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O : paMcama - adhyAya 'jayodaya mahAkAvya' meM alaGkAra niveza

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jayodaya mahAkAvya meM alaGkAra niveza vANIbhUSaNa brahmacArI bhUrAmala zAstrI viracita 'jayodaya mahAkAvya' meM alaGkAroM kA nirdeza karane se pUrva alaGkAra evaM alaMkArtha ke svarUpa Adi kA vivecana apekSita hai ata: usakA saMkSipta vivecana prastuta kreNge| bhUSaNArthaka 'alam' pUrvaka 'kR' dhAtu se karaNa yA bhAva meM 'gha' pratyaya se niSpanna yaha. alaGkAra zabda sajAvaTa, zRGgAra, AbhUSaNa, sAhitya zAstra kA eka aGga kAvya kA guNa-doSa vivecaka zAstra Adi bahuarthI meM vyavahata hai' / veda, vedAGga Adi meM zatazaH prayukta 'alaGkAra' zabda ke AdhAra para niHsandeha kahA jA sakatA hai ki vedAbdhi hI isakA srota hai| jahA~ se preraNA prApta kara kAvya zAstrIya AcAryoM ne isakA pratipAdana kiyA hai| vedoM meM araMkRta, araMkRti jaise zabdoM kA prayoga prApta hotA hai - "vAyavAyAhi darzatamesomA tskRtaaH|" Rve. 1/2/1 "tvamagne draviNodA arNkRte|" Rve.2/1/7 "kA te astyaraMkRtiH skteH|" R.ve.7/29/3 "aadityaanaamrNkRte|" R.ve.8/7/3 yahA~ AcArya sAyaNa ne 'araMkRtAH' kA 'alaMkRtAH', 'araMkRte' kA 'alaMkRte' tathA 'araMkRti' kA 'alaMkRtiH' artha kiyA hai, jo alaMkAra ke hI vAcaka haiM / isa prakAra RgvedIya yaha 'araMkRta' zabda brAhmaNa granthoM meM 'alaMkRta' pazcAt aMlakAra ke rUpa meM prayukta huA / 'aJjanAbhyaJjaneprayacchatyeva ha mAnuSo'laMkAraH" vasanena alaMkAreNeti saMskurvantisAdhvalaMkRtau suvasanA pariSkRtau' ina vividha prayukta prayogoM se pratIta hotA hai ki 'zatapatha brAhmaNa', 'chAndogyopaniSad' granthoM meM bhI alaMkAra zabda kA bahulatA se prayoga huA hai / niruktakAra ne sImA araMkRtAH, alaMkRtAH' jaise sthaloM meM alaMkRta' zabda kA araMkRta' zabda ke paryAya meM grahaNa kiyA hai / 'alaMkariSNu' zabda kI siddhi ke liye AcArya pANini ne 'alaMkRJa, nirAkRNaH' ityAdi kA samAveza apane sUtra meM kiyA hai / rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata' jaise granthoM meM bhI 'alaMkAra' zabda ke suspaSTa prayoga evaM udAharaNa prApta hote haiN| prAcInakAla meM yaha 'alaGkAra' zabda sampUrNa sAhitya zAstra yA kAvya zAstra ke liye prayukta hotA thA / AcArya rAjazekhara ne kAvyazAstra ko sAtavA~ vedAGga tathA pandrahavA~ vidyAsthAna batAyA hai| ___'alaMkRtiralaMkAraH' athavA 'alaMkriyate'nena' vyutpatti se niSpanna alaGkAra zabda saundarya yA zobhAdhAyaka hai / yaha saundarya doSoM ke tyAga evam guNAlaGkArAdi ke grahaNa Adi se sampAdita

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paMcama adhyAya /97 hotA hai / 'sAlaMkAra kAvya hI grAhya hai' aisA AcArya vAmana ne svIkAra kiyA hai / unakI mAnyatA ke anusAra saundarya hI alaGkAra hai / kAvyazAstra meM yaha alaGkAra yamaka, upamA Adi ke artha meM prayukta hotA hai / doSa tyAga tathA guNAdi ke grahaNa se hI kAvya saundarya yukta hotA haiM / bhAva paraka vyutpatti se niSpanna alaMkAra zabda kAvya saundarya kI hetubhUta guNAdi samagra tattvoM ke artha meM svIkRta hai / karaNa vyutpatti se zabdArthobhayAlaMkAra hI usake abhidheya kahe jA sakate haiM / yadyapi kAvya zAstra ke liye 'alaGkAra-zAstra' nAma kA vyavahAra sarvathA vilupta nahIM hai| AcAryoM kI dRSTiH citra mimAMsA meM AcArya appaya dIkSita ne zabdAlaGkAroM ko nIrasa batAkara kaviyoM kA unake prati anAdara sUcita kiyA hai / tathApi mammaTa Adi anya vicArakoM ne zabda citra kA citraNa kiyA hI hai / AcArya bhAmaha ke zabdoM meM 'kAvya meM zabdArtha kI vakratA se yukta ukti alaGkAra hai|'' unhoMne vakrokti rUpa atizayokti ko hI samasta alaGkAroM kA mUla mAnA hai / isI se hI arthoM kA vibhAjana hotA hai / ___ AcArya daNDI ne kAvya zobhAkara sabhI dharmoM kA alaGkAra ko hI prAdhAnyena svIkAra kiyA hai / rasabhAva Adi ko rasavat" alaGkAra meM parigRhIta kara alaGkAra kA aGgitva siddha kiyA hai / sandhi, sandhyaGga, vRtti, vRtyaGga Adi ko bhI alaGkAra kI saMjJA dekara AcArya ne isake vyApakatva ko pratipAdita kiyA hai / _ 'sAlaGkArasya kAvyatA' kahakara vakrokti sampradAya ke pratiSThApaka AcArya kuntaka ne kAvya meM alaGkAra ko mahatva pradAna kiyA hai / zarIra ke zobhAtizAyI kaTaka, kuNDala Adi kI bhAti kAvya meM alaGkAra ko bhI zobhAdhAyaka mAnA hai / 'alaGkAra se kAvya kI zobhA hotI hai' ko pratipAdita karate hue AcArya bhojarAja ne kAvya zobhAkara guNa, rasAdi ko bhI alaGkAra kI saMjJA se abhihita kiyA hai / yahI nahIM, vakrokti, svabhAvokti, rasokti rUpa alaGkAroM ke vargatraya ko svIkAra kara AcArya ne isa sampradAya ko mahatva pradAna kiyA hai| AcArya Anandavardhana ne alaGkAra sampradAya ke AcAryoM dvArA pratipAdita alaGkAra ke aGgitva para AkSepa prastuta karate hue alaGkAra ko rasAdi rUpa kAvyAtmA kA aGgarUpa se honA svIkAra kiyA hai" / Anandavardhana, tadanuyAyI abhinavagupta, mammaTa Adi ne zarIra ke bAhya prasAdhana kaTaka, kuNDalAdi kI bhA~ti zabdArtha rUpa kAvya zarIra meM alaGkAroM ko mAnyatA pradAna kI hai / paryAlocanayA pratIta hotA hai ki paravartI kAvya-zAstra meM alaGkAra kA yahI rUpa mAnya huA / rAjazekhara, hemacandra, vidyAdhara, vidyAnAtha, rudrabhaTTa vAgabhaTTa vizvanAtha, bhAnudatta mizra, kezava mizra, jagannAtha, Adi AcAryoM ne Ananda evaM mammaTa kA pUrNataH

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98 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana anusaraNa kiyA hai, yahI yathArtha bhI hai| kyoMki kAvya meM zarIra kI apekSA AtmA yA prANa hI pradhAna hai| loka meM bhI jIva kI hI pradhAnatA dekhI jAtI hai, zarIra kI nahIM / acetana zava zarIra kabhI bhI alaGkRta nahIM kiyA jAtA / ataH prAdhAnyena rasAdi hI alaGkArya hai aura use zabdArtha zarIra mAdhyama se upamAdi aGgatayA alaGkRta karate haiN| AcAryoM ne zabdArthomayagata bheda se pradhAnataH tIna bhedoM meM alaMkAroM ko vibhakta kiyA hai / artha meM hI saundarya bhUyastva hone ke kAraNa meM prathamataH arthAlaGkAroM kA hI vivecana kruuNgaa| upamA sarvAlaGkAra pradhAna hai ataH prathamataH usI ko liyA jA rahA hai| 1. upamA : jayodaya mahAkAvya meM upamA alaGkAra prAcuryatayA dekhane ko milatA hai / isa mahAkAvya meM prayukta upamA sahRdaya hRdaya ko Avarjita karane meM pUrNa samartha hai| sAhityadarpaNakAra AcArya vizvanAtha ke anusAra eka vAkya meM jahA~ upamAna upameya donoM kA sAdhAraNa dharma batAyA gayA ho, evam upamAvAcaka zabda kA prayoga ho, use upamA alaGkAra kahate hai''| arthAlaMkAroM meM pradhAna tathA unakA pAtra hai upamA | isa krama meM untIsa sAdRzyamUlaka alaMkAra Ate haiM isaliye apyayya dIkSita ne kahA hai 1132 "upamaikA zailaSI saMprAptA citrabhUmikAbhedAn / raMjayati kAvyaraGge nRtyantI tadvidAM cetaH 'upamA eka naTI hai, jo aneka alaGkAroM kI bhUmikA ko prApta kara kAvya maMca para nRtya karatI huI kAvya marmajJoM ke citta ko Anandita karatI hai / ' apyayya dIkSita kA kahanA hai ki jisa prakAra brahmajJAna se vicitra jagat kA jJAna ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra upamA ke jJAna se samasta alaGkAra jJAta ho jAte haiM - 'tadidaM citraM vizvaM brahmajJAnAdivopamAjJAnAt / jJAtaM bhavatItyAdau nirUpyate nikhilabhedasahitA sA // 1133 44 bharata ne nATyazAstra meM jina cAra alaGkAroM kA parigaNana kiyA hai, unameM upamA ko sarvaprathama sthAna diyA hai4 / vAmana ne prativastuprabhRti aneka alaGkAroM ko upamA kA prapaMca mAnA hai / ruTTa ne bhI aneka alaGkAroM ko aupamya kA bheda svIkAra kiyA hai / mahima bhaTTa ne 'sarveSvalaGkAreSUpamA jIvitAyate ' kahakara isakI mahattA aura vyApakatA kA udghoSa kiyA hai| rAjazekhara upamA ko kavi vaMza kI mAtA mAnate hu use alaGkAra ziromaNi tathA kAvya sampatti kA sarvasva svIkAra karate haiM 'alaGkAraziroratnaM kAvya upamA sarvasvaM kavivaMzasya mAtaiveti matirmama alaGkAra sarvasvakAra ne ise aneka alaGkAroM kI bINA mAnA hai " sampadAm / 11'136

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paMcama adhyAya /99 "upamaiva ca prakAra vaicitrayeNAnekAlaGkArabIjabhUtA / '37 upamA aneka alaGkAroM ke mUla meM sthita hai, aisA paNDita rAja bhI mAnate haiM"vipulAlaGkAravartinI upamA paM. rAja jagannAtha ne upamA kA jo lakSa diyA hai, vaha isa prakAra hai "sAdRzyaM sundaraM vaakyaarthopskaarkmupmaalngkRtiH|" arthAt vAkyArtha kI zobhA bar3hAne vAle sundara sAdRzya ko upamAlaGkAra kahate haiM / yahA~ sundara kA artha hai camatkArAdhAyaka tathA camatkAra hai Ananda vizeSa / upamA ke do bheda haiM- (1) pUrNA (2) luptA / pUrNA ke cha: bheda haiM aura luptA ke unniis| donoM ke yoga se paccIsa bheda hue / phira luptA meM hI sAta bheda aura hote haiM jo pUrvokta bhedoM ke sAtha yukta hone para battIsa ho jAte haiM, inameM se pratyeka ke dvArA pA~ca prakAra ke arthoM kA upakaraNa hotA hai| yathA - 1. vasturUpa pradhAna vyaGgya, 2. alaGkArarUpa pradhAna vyaGgya, 3. rasAdirUpa pradhAna vyaGgya, 4. vasturUpa pradhAna vAkya aura 5. alaGkArarUpa pradhAna vaaky| isa prakAra eka sau sATha bheda hote haiM / jayodaya mahAkAvya meM upalabdha upamA ke samasta bhedoM ke udAharaNa na pradarzita kara hama yahAM 'sthAlIpulAka' nyAya se katipaya uddharaNa prastuta karate haiM "samutsavakArasyAsyAbhyudayena raveriva / zrImato muninAthasyApyudbhinnA mukhamudraNA // "" arthAt sUrya ke udaya hone para sUrya kI kiraNeM kamala Adi ke liye abhyudaya kAraka bana jAtI haiM, vaise hI zobhA sampanna muninAtha ke Agamana se utsava kI pratIti evam inakI mukha-mudrA bhI vikasita huI arthAt-bolanA prArambha kiye / prakRta padya meM muninAtha upameya sUrya upamAna samutsava kara sAdhAraNa dharma 'iva' upamA kA vAcaka zabda hai / isI prakAra Age ke sargoM meM bhI upamA kA sthAna paryApta hai / sahRdayoM ko Ananda pradAna karane vAle kucha udAharaNa nIce prastuta haiM (a) "vAgmitA'pi sitA yAvadrasitA vshitaabhRtH| _bhASyAvalI ca dUtAsyAllAleva niragAdiyam // 40 (ba) "AsaneSu nRpatIniha kazcitsannivezayati sa smvipshcit| dvAsthitoravikarAnavadAta utpaleSu sarasIva vibhAtaH // 41 (sa) sa pavitra itIva satkriyAsahitaH sammahito vara zriyA / zuciveSadharaiH purassaraizca sunAzIra ivAbhavannaraiH // 42

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100/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana (da) 'amukasya suvargamAgatA nRpadUtAH sma lasanti tAvatA / pulakAvaliphullitAnanAstaTalagnA iva vAridherdhanAH // 1143 44 upamA sAdRzya mUlaka bheda pradhAna alaGkAra hai" / aba bhedAbheda pradhAna ananvaya kA udAharaNa prastuta kiyA jAtA hai 2. ananvayaH mahAkAvya meM yaha alaGkAra aneka sthaloM meM dikhAyA gayA hai / yadyapi anya alaGkAroM jaise upamA, rUpaka, zleSa Adi kI bhA~ti isakA vyApaka prayoga nahIM milatA hai phira bhI isakI nyunatA nahIM hai / ananvaya kA lakSaNa sAhityadarpaNa meM AcArya vizvanAtha ne dazama pariccheda ke chattIsaveM ke uttarArdha meM vyakta kiyA hai ki jahA~ eka hI vastu ko advitIya camatkAra lAne ke liye upamAna evaM upameya donoM banA diye jAte haiM, vahA~ ananvaya alaGkAra hotA hai / isa bAta ko dRSTi meM rakhate hue jayodaya mahAkAvya ke - eka udAharaNa ko prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai " ' tavApi bhUmAvApi rUparAzAvAzAdhikaryo bahulAstu tAsAm / kA sAvaramyA smarasAravAstu surocanA nAma surocanA'stu / / 1146 1 yahA~ sulocanA kA varNana karate hue 'la' aura 'ra' meM tathA 'va' aura 'ba', 'Da' aura 'la' meM prabheda hone kI dRSTi se 'ra' aura 'la' meM abheda mAnakara prakRta padya meM sulocanA ko surocanA kahA gayA hai / he rAjan ! saundarya samudra meM AzAdhikAraNI bahuta sI striyA~ isa bhU-maNDala para Apake liye haiM / parantu kauna aisI hai jo Apake lie ramaNIya na ho / apitu saba kAma ceSTAoM se pUrNa hone ke kAraNa ramya haiM / phira bhI kAzI nareza akampana kI putrI 'sulocanA' to 'sulocanA' hI hai / arthAt usake sAdRzya meM koI nahIM hai / ivAdi kA prayoga na hone se yaha vAcya nahIM hai / 1 isa prakAra ananvayAlaGkAra kA kalevara ramya dikhAyA gayA hai / 3. smaraNAlaGkAra : isa alaGkAra kA lakSaNa sAhityadarpaNa dazama pariccheda ke zloka sattAIsa ke uttarArdha meM diyA gayA hai / sadRza guNavaza pratyakSa vastu ko dekhane se purvAnubhUta vastu kA hone para smaraNAlaGkAra hotA hai / parantu yaha smaraNa kavi pratibhosthApita honA caahie| loka vyavahAra prayukta mAtra se yaha alaGkAra nahIM ho sakatA / jaise- 'tadeveda kArSApaNam' yaha vahI rupayA hai / isakA eka sundara dRSTAnta draSTavya hai pipAsurazvaH pratimAvatAraM nijIyamambhasyamale'valokya / sa samprati sma smarati priyAyA drutaM visasmAra pipAsitAyAH || 2 148 4. rUpaka: rUpakAlaGkAra kI yojanA mahAkavi ne prAyaH pratyeka sarga meM suspaSTa evaM samIcIna rUpa meM dikhAyI hai / jahA~ upameya kA niSedha na kara upamAna ke sAtha sAdRzyAtizaya ke prabhAva se tAdAtmaya dikhAyA jAtA hai / upamAna- upameya meM abhedAropa kiyA jAtA ho I

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paMcama adhyAya / 101 use rUpakAlaGkAra kahate haiM / vaha rUpaka bhI paramparita, sAMga niraMga ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA hotA hai" / rUpakAlaGkAra ke liye katipaya udAharaNa darzanIya haiM - - 44 bhujagossya ca karavIro dviSadasupavanaM nipIya pInatayA / dizi dizi muMcati suyazaH kaMcukamiti he sukezi rayAt // 50 prakRta padya meM vidyA devI sulocanA ko sambodhita kara jayakumAra kA paricaya detI huI kahatI hai ki he sundara kezoM vAlI sulocne| isake hAtha kA khaDgarUpa sarpa zatruoM ke prANarUpI pavana ko pIkara puSTa hone se pratyeka dizA meM yazarUpI keMcula ko bar3e vega se chor3a rahA hai / yaha paramparita rUpaka kA udAharaNa hai / kArya kAraNa bhAva se Aropa jahA~ hotA hai, use paramparita rUpaka kahate haiM / yahA~ para rAjA ke hAtha para sarpa kA Aropa karane meM zatru ke prANa para pavana Aropa meM kAraNa hai / isI prakAra 'yaza' para keMcula Aropa bhI ramya banA hai / rUpakAlaGkAra se koI sarga vaMcita nahIM hai / zarIra se nikalane vAlI rakta kI dhArA sandhyA kI zobhA kA sAra sarvasva prApta kara liyA hai, jisakI ramyatA AsvAdanIya hai" raviM ca vicchAdya rajo'ndhakAro nabhasyabhUt prAptatamAdhikAraH / yuddhayatpravIrakSatajapracAraH sAyaM zriyastatra babhUva sAraH // ' 1151 yahA~ yaha varNana hai ki yuddha bhUmi meM uThI dhUla sUrya ko bhI AcchAdita kara liyA / yaha sampUrNa gagana maNDala para bhI chA gayI / isa sthiti meM yuddha kara rahe vIroM ke zarIra se pravAhita rakta kI dhArA sandhyA kI zobhA kA tattva sarvasva prApta kara liyA / puna: eka manorama kalpanA prastuta hai - "raNazriyaH kelisaraH savarNAH karIzakarNAttatayA saparNA / vaktrairbhaTAnAM kamalAvakIrNA zrIkuntalai zaivalasAvatIrNA // " ajasramAjistvasRjA prapUrNA kilollasatkuGkumavAripUrNA / yazaH samArabdhaparAgacUrNA smarAjate sA samudaGgaghUrNA // " 1152 prakRta padya meM yuddhabhUmi raNa zrI ke krIDA sarovara sI bana gayI thI, kyoMki yuddha meM kaTe hue hAthiyoM ke kAna patte jaise pratIta hote the / yoddhAoM ke mukhoM sarIkhe kamaloM se vaha pUrNa thI / idhara-udhara chitarAye hue keza sevAra kA kAma kara rahe the / yuddhabhUmi meM bharA huA rakta kezara ke jala ke samAna tathA vIroM kA phailA huA yaza parAga sadRza thA / isa prakAra ina saba upakaraNoM se pUrNa vaha yuddha - bhUmi prasannatA se iThalAtI bAvar3I laga rahI thI / aise hI rUpakAlaGkAra se koI sarga vaMcita nahIM dikhatA hai /

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102/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka - 5. sandehAlaGkAra : jahA~ upameya meM kavipratibhotthApita upamAna kA saMzaya ho vahA~ sandehAlaGkAra hotA hai / vastu ke svabhAvataH varNana meM sandehAlaGkAra hotA hI nahIM hai jaise 'sthANurvA puruSo vA,''yaha ThUThA per3a hai yA manuSya haiM, yaha yathArtha sthitika svarUpa hai yahA~ sandehAlaGkAra nahIM hogA / yaha zuddha nizcayagarbha aura nizyAnta bheda se tIna prakAra kA hotA hai / jahA~ Adi madhya aura anta saMzaya sthiti meM hI vAkya kI samApti ho vahA~ zuddha sandehAlaGkAra hotA hai tathA arthataH Adi aura anta meM saMzaya hotA ho madhya meM nizcayAtmaka artha hotA ho vahA~ nizcaya garbha sandehAlaGkAra hotA hai / jahA~ Adi meM saMzaya ho anta maiM nizcaya hotA ho vahA~ nizcayAnta sandehAlaGkAra hotA hai| jayodaya mahAkAvya meM sandehAlaGkAra kA vyApaka sthAna nahIM hai tathApi paryApta mAtrA meM usakA sanniveza vidyamAna hai / 'sthAlI pulAka nyAya' se eka ramya padya darzanIya hai - "alikocitasImni kuntalA vibabhUvuH sutanoranAkulAH / suvizeSaka dIpasambhavA vilasantyo'jjanarAjayo na vA // ''54 prakRta padya meM sundarI sulocanA ke bhAla pradeza meM zobhAyamAna kezoM kA varNana karate hue mahAkavi ne yaha kahA hai ki ye keza aMjana kI rAzi hai, yA kRSNa varNa keza hai / isI prakAra anya sthaloM meM bhI isa alaGkAra kA mahatvazAlI sthAna hai / 6. bhrAntimAn alaGkAra : bhrAntimAn alaGkAra bhI yahA~ bahuzaH prayukta huA hai| isakA lakSaNa hai, jahA~ kavi pratibhotthApita anya vastu meM sAdRzya vaza anya vastu kI bhrAnti ho vahA~ bhrAntimAn alaGkAra hotA hai / kavi pratibhotthApita na hone para yaha alaGkAra nahIM hogA isaliye loga vyavahata bhrAnti meM jaise 'suktaurajatam' yahAM bhrAnti jJAna hai / kintu yahA~ alaGkAra nahIM hogA kyoMki kavipratibhotthApita nahIM hai bhrAnti mAtra jJAna hai / jayodaya mahAkAvya ke nimnAGkita zloka meM isa alaGkAra kA camatkAra dekhane yogya " uddhRtasaddhUlighanAndhakAre zampA sakampA sma lasatyudAre / raNAGgaNe pANikRpANamAlA cukUjurevaM tu shikhnnddibaalaaH||''56 prakRta zloka meM yaha varNita hai ki yuddhasthala meM uThI huI dhUli se AkAza andhakAra se Achanna ho gayA / sarvataH andhakArAcchannatA vaza megha kI pratIti hone lagI / usa samaya meM yoddhAoM ke hAtha meM camakatI huI evaM hilatI huI talavAroM kI paMktiyA~ mayUra zAvakoM ko yaha pratIta huI ki bijalI hai ataeva ve kekAvANI bolane lge| yahA~ dhUli se AcchAdita hone se andhakAra bar3ha jAne ke kAraNa megha kI pratIti evaM ummeM hilatI aura camakatI huI talavAreM bijalI haiN| yaha mora ke baccoM kA pratIta huA, jisase

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paMcama adhyAya / 103 ve bolane lage / megha aura vidyata ko dekhakara moroM kA bolanA svAbhAvika hotA hai| parantu yahA~ yathArthataH usake abhAva meM bhI dhUli se AcchannatA vaza andhakAra ko megha evaM talavAra kI camaka ko vidyut samajhane se anya meM anya vastu kA kavi pratibhotthApita bhrAnti hone se bhrAntimAn alaGkAra hai| isI prakAra sahRdaya janoM ke AsvAdana ke liye isakA eka aura udAharaNa prastuta kiyA jAtA hai - " puline calanena ke valaM valitagrIvamusthito bakaH / manasi vajatAM manasvinAmatanocch vetasarojasambhramam // '57 sulocanA ke sAtha jayakumAra ke vidA ho jAne para mArga meM gaMgA nadI par3I / usI ke taTa para aisA varNana kiyA gayA hai ki eka bagulA eka paira se khar3A hokara apanI grIvA ko tirachA kara diyA hai, jisase calate hue manasviyoM ke hRdaya meM yaha bhAva utpanna huA ki yaha zveta kamala hai / yahA~ para bagule meM zveta kamala kA jJAna honA kavi pratibhotthApita jJAna hai| ataH bhrAntimAn alaGkAra yahA~ bhI hai| 7. ullekha : ullekhAlaGkAra se bhI yaha mahAkAvya rikta nahIM hai| isakA lakSaNa AcArya vizvanAtha ne kiyA hai ki jahA~ jJAtA aura viSaya ke bheda se eka hI vastu kA aneka prakAra se kathana kiyA jAya vahA~ ullekha alaGkAra hotA hai / isake udAharaNa ke rUpa meM jayodaya mahAkAvya kA nimna zloka upasthApita kiyA jA sakatA hai - " prAtarAdipadapadmayorgataH zrIprajAkRtinirIkSaNe nvataH / naktamAtmavanitAkSaNe rataH sarvadaiva sukhinAM sa sammataH // ''59 yahA~ jayakumAra ke sambandha meM kahA gayA hai ki ve prAtaHkAla Adi jinezvara RSabha deva ke caraNoM kI sevA meM lage rahate the / tataH (dina meM) prajA ke kAryoM ke nirIkSaNa meM tatpara rahate the evaM rAtri meM apanI striyoM ke sAtha (vilAsAdi) utsava meM anurakta rahate the| isa prakAra vaha sadA hI sukhiyoM ke maNDala meM zreSTha the| eka hI jayakumAra ke sambandha meM nAnA kAryoM kA varNana hone se yahA~ ullekhAlaGkAra hai / isI prakAra saptamasarga meM bhI ullekhAlaGkAra darzanIya hai - "svarNadIpayasi paGkakU patazcacandramasyapi kalaGkarupataH / gIyate mada itIndrasad gajamastake jayabaloddhataM rajaH // 60 jisakA tAtparya yaha hai ki jayakumAra kI senA ke vicaraNa se uThI huI dhuli AkAza gaMgA meM pahu~cakara kIcar3a bana gayI evaM candramA meM kAle kalaGka ke rUpa meM ho gayI tathA indra ke hAthI ke mastaka para mada jala ko dhAraNa kara lI /

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104/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana yahA~ para eka hI uThI huI dhUli ke sambandha meM AkAza gaMgA meM paMkarUpa se candra meM kalaGkarUpa evaM indra ke gaja mastaka para madarUpa se dikhAyI gayI hai / isaliye eka hI vastu ke sambandha meM bahudhA ullekha hone se ullekhAlaGkAra hai / 8. apahRti : apahRti alaGkAra kA isa mahAkAvya meM bahuzaH prayoga kiyA gayA hai / isakA lakSaNa sAhitya darpaNa daMzama pariccheda ke ar3atIsa evaM unnatAlisa ke pUrvArdha se isa prakAra vyakta kiyA gayA hai / jahA~ upameya kA niSedha kara zabda athavA artha se asatyatA dikhAkara upamAna kI satyatA sthita kI jAya vahA~ apahnati alaGkAra hotA hai / gopanIya vastu ko kisI prayojana vaza kisI prakAra se (vyaMjanAdi ke dvArA) zleSa athavA anya prakAra se anyathA batAyA jAya vahA~ apahRti alaGkAra hotA hai| isakA maMjula nidarzana avalokanIya hai - "dvipavRndapadAddigambara saghanIbhUya vane caratyayam / nikaTe vikaTe'tra bho vibho nanu bhAnorapi nirbhayastvayam // ''62 prakRta zloka meM jayakumAra se eka vyakti kaha rahA hai ki yaha digambara (andhakAra) gajamaNDala ke byAja se ekatrita hokara isa bhayaGkara vana meM nirbhaya hokara sUrya ke samIpa bhI vicaraNa kara rahA hai arthAt dina meM bhI saghana andhakAra dikha rahA hai / yahA~ para sUrya ke prakAza ke sAmane andhakAra kA ThaharanA sambhava nahIM hai / parantu kAle gaja maNDala kI paMkti hone se andhakAra kI pratIti evaM use nirbhaya hone kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / yahA~ dina meM bhI andhakAra banA rahatA hai / isa artha ko vyakta karane ke liye sUrya se nirbhaya hai aisA kahA gayA hai / isa alaGkAra meM bhI chala kapaTa byAja Adi zabda prayukta hote haiM / athavA inake artha ke bhAna se bhI yaha alaGkAra niSpanna hotA hai / ataeva kai tavApahnati alaGkAra hai kyoMki hAthiyoM ke byAja se ghanAndhakAra ekatrita hai jo vicaraNa kara rahA hai| aise hI isI sarga ke agrima meM bhI apahnati alaGkAra kA ramya nirUpaNa hai - "AjipatiprANatamastake 'zve nAsAsamIrottharajaz cha lena / tadIya saMsargasukhotsukAyA babhUva sadyaH sphuraNaM dharAyAH // "63 arthAt mastaka ko jhukAkara ghor3o ne pRthvI ko sUMghA usa samaya nAsikA kI havA ke Upara kI ora uThI huI dhUli ke byAja se ghor3oM ke sAMsargika sukha, sukha meM utkaNThita huI pRthvI ko romAMca ho gayA / aisA pratIta huA yahA~ para nAsikA se nikalI huI vAyu ke samparka se pRthvI se dhUla Upara ko uTha par3I / usI dhUla ke byAja se pRthvI romAMca kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| romAMca meM zarIra ke roma khar3e ho jAte haiM /

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paMcama adhyAya / 105 yahA~ bhI pRthvI kI dhUla Upara ko uThI isa byAja se apahnati alaGkAra vyakta kiyA gayA hai| 9. utprekSA : mahAkAvya meM utprekSAlaGkAra bhI apanA vyApaka sthAna rakhatA hai / AcArya mammaTa kA mata hai ki upameya ko upamAna ke sAtha ekarUpatA kI sambhAvanA (arthAt utkaTaika koTika sandeha) utprekSA alaGkAra hai / utprekSAlaGkAra ke sambandha meM AcArya vizvanAtha ne apanA mata prakaTa kiyA hai ki jahA~ para prakRta arthAt varNanIya upameya kA sAdRzya vaza asambhavanIya vastu kA tAdAtmya kara sambhAvanA kI jAtI hai, use utprekSA kahate haiN| isake manye saMke, dhruvaM, prAya, nunaM, iva Adi zabda vAcaka hote haiM / isa prakAra vAcyA aura pratIyamAnA ke bheda se utprekSA do prakAra kI hotI hai| jahA~ manye Adi kA prayoga hotA hai, vahA~ vAcyotprekSA hotI hai tathA jahA~ inakA prayoga nahIM hotA hai vahA~ pratIyamAnA utprekSA kahI gayI hai / ye donoM prakAra kI utprekSAe~ jAti, guNa, kriyA, dravya kI utprekSA hone se ATha prakAra kI batAyI gayI hai / isake atirikta bhAvAbhAva ke bheda se utprekSA do prakAra kI kahI gayI hai / punaH isa solaha prakAra kI utprekSA meM bhI utprekSA kA kAraNa kahIM guNa svarUpa aura kahIM kriyA svarUpa hone se battIsa prakAra kI utprekSA niSpanna hotI hai / adholikhita zloka meM utprekSAgata camatkAra avalokanIya hai - "aprANakaiH prANabhRtAM pratIkairamAni cAjiHpratatA satIkai : / / abhISTasamvAravatI vizAlA'sau vizvasRSTa khalu zilpazAlA // ''66 jisakA artha hai ki vaha yuddhabhUmi yoddhAoM ke kaTe hue nirgata prANa, kara, caraNa, mastakAdi aGgoM se bhara gayI / jisase logoM ne samajhA ki vizva nirmAtA kI abhISTa sAmagriyoM se bharI huI yaha vizAla zilpazAlA hai / chinna-bhinna aGgoM se bharI huI yuddhabhUmi ko vizAla zilpazAlA kI sambhAvanA kI gayI hai / 'khalu' zabda kA prayoga hone se yaha vAcyotprekSA hai / isI prakAra Age ke zloka meM bhI yaha alaGkAra apanA Adhipatya jamAe hue hai. "praNaSTadaNDAni sitAtapatracchatrANi rejuH patitAni tatra / sambhojanAyojanabhAjanAni pare tarAjeva viniyojitAni // ''67 prakRta padya meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki daNDa se hI zveta chatra jo yuddhabhUmi para gire hue haiM, unheM dekhakara yaha pratIta hotA hai ki yamarAja ne samaSTi bhojana hetu zveta pAtroM kA Ayojana kiyA hai / daNDa hI chatroM kI zveta bhojana pAtra kI sambhAvanA karane se utprekSA hai / utprekSA vAcaka zabdoM kA prayoga hone se pratIyamAnotprekSA hai / isI prakAra bahuzaH sthaloM meM isakA prayoga ramya DhaMga se kiyA gayA hai / 10. atizayokti : isa mAhAkAvya meM atizayokti alaGkAra bhI vyApaka sthAna rakhatA hai / sAhitya darpaNa ke anusAra jahA~ viSaya (upameya) ko nigIrNa kara viSayI (upamAna) ke

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106/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka a... . sAtha abheda bodha kiyA jAtA hai, vahA~ atizayokti alaGkAra hotA hai / isake atirikta nigIrNa honA viSaya ke anukta hone se athavA ukta hone para bhI kevala tiraskaraNa ke dvArA bhI nigIrNa mAnA jAtA hai evaM yaha alaGkAra bheda meM abheda bodha karane se athavA abheda meM bheda bodha karane se athavA kArya-kAraNa bhAva jo niyata rUpa hai ki kArya ke pahale kAraNa upasthita rahatA hai / parantu isakA vaiparitya ho jAne se arthAt kAraNa ke pahale kArya kI hI utpatti batAyI jAya athavA kArya kAraNa donoM ko eka kAla meM hI batalAyA jAya vahA~ bhI atizayokti alaGkAra hotA hai / isake atirikta sambandha meM asambandha kI aura asambandha meM sambandha kI kalpanA karanA bhI atizayokti alaGkAra niSpanna karatA hai| yadyapi isake aura bhI bheda batAye jA sakate haiM parantu sAhityadarpaNakAra ne bheda meM abheda, abheda meM bheda, sambandha meM asambandha, asambandha meM sambandha kI kalpanA karane se evaM kArya kAraNa ke paurvAparya bhAva ke viparIta hone se pA~ca prakAra kA atizayokti alaGkAra mAnA hai| jayodaya mahAkAvya ke prathama sarga kA navama zloka isa alaGkAra se otaprota hai - "guNaistu puNyaika punItamurterjagannagaH saMgrathitaH sukIrteH / kandutvamindutviDananyacaurairupaiti rAjJo himasAragauraiH // 69 prakRta padya meM jayakumAra kI kIrti kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / pUjya se pavitra hai AkAra jisakA aise usa jayakumAra ke candrakAnta ko bhI tiraskRta karane vAlI kapUra ke sadRza ujjvala zaurya Adi guNoM se nirmita yaha jagatrUpa parvata usa rAjA kI sundara kIrti kA geMda bana gyaa| arthAt jaise koI strI geMda se krIDA karatI hai, vaise hI jayakumAra kI kIrti jagatarUpa geMda se krIDA karatI rahI / geMda khelane ke liye kisI AkAravAna vyakti kI apekSA hotI hai| kIrti kA koI AkAra nahIM hotA parantu jagatrUpa geMda se krIDA karane kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| yaha sambandha sambandhAbhAva meM sambandha kI kalpanA karake dikhAyA gayA hai ataeva atizayokti alaGkAra hai| nimnalikhita zloka bhI isa alaGkAra ke lie darzanIya hai - "cittabhittiSu samarpitadRSTau tatra zazvadapi mAnavasRSTau / nirnimeSanayane'pi ca devavyUha eva na vivecanameva // 70 yahA~ akampana kI kAzI nagarI ke varNanAvasara para yaha dikhAyA gayA hai ki vahA~ sabhA meM citroM se yukta dIvAloM para ekaTaka dRSTi lagAne vAle mAnava samUha evaM nirnimeSa netra vAle deva samUha meM yaha deva hai ki manuSya hai, yaha viveka prApta karanA asambhava sA ho gayA / kyoMki ekaTaka lagAne se mAnava bhI nirnimeSa pratIta hue tathA svabhAvataH nirnimeSa devagaNa ke sambandha meM kahanA hI kyA hai? vaha nirnimeSatva deva-mAnava donoM meM vidyamAna ho jAne se pRthak karanA

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paMcama adhyAya / 107 kaThina ho gayA / isa prakAra donoM meM yadyapi bheda vastuta: hai parantu abheda kI kalpanA nirnimeSatva ke dvArA kavi ne kiyA hai / etAvatA bheda meM abheda mUlaka atizayokti alaGkAra rUpa hai / isI prakAra anyAnya sthaloM meM isa alaMkAra kA paryApta rUpa meM prayoga hai / 11. dIpaka : jahA~ aprastuta aura prastuta vastuoM kA eka kriyA ke sAtha sambandha varNita ho, vahA~ dIpakAlaGkAra hotA hai' / athavA eka kA aneka kriyAoM ke sAtha sambandha varNita ho to bhI dIpaka hotA hai| dIpaka kA akSarArtha hI hai, 'dIpa iva dIpakam' dIpa kI samAnatA hone se hI isako dIpakAlaGkAra kahate haiM / jisa prakAra jalatA huA dIpaka (apekSita bhavana ke chata para prakAza karate hue bhI galiyoM meM bhI prakAza kara detA hai) usI prakAra yaha dIpakAlaGkAra hai / aba dIpaka alaGkAra kA eka manohara udAharaNa jayodaya mahAkAvya se avatarita hai - "yA vibhAti sahajena hi vidyAtanmayAvayavinI niravadyA / etadIyacaritaM khalu zikSA vA jagaddhitakarI susamIkSA // 2 prakRta udAharaNa meM svayaMvara varNana karane ke liye jo vidyA devI upasthita huI usakA varNana kiyA gayA hai jo svabhAvataH niravadyA arthAt nirdoSa haiM evaM nAma ke anusAra usameM vidyA ke sAre avayava vidyamAna the / ataH nAma bhI sArthaka hai / usakA sampUrNa jIvana vRtta jagat kI zikSA ke liye rahA / athavA usakI sundara samIkSA jagat kI hitakAriNI thI / isa prakAra vaha vidyA devI zobhita huI / yahA~ eka kA aneka kriyA ke sAtha sambandha varNita hone se dIpakAlaGkAra samajhanA cAhie / 12. nidarzanA : jahA~ do vAkyArtha yA do padArthoM kA dharma-dharmI bhAva se sambhAvya sambandha dikhAyA gayA ho, vahA~ nidarzanAlaGkAra hotA hai / athavA kahIM asambhAvya vastuoM kA do vAkyArtha yA do padArtha kA jahA~ bodha sambhAvita ho, bimba pratibimba bhAva (sAdRzya) se vyaMjanA vRtti se bodha kiyA jAtA ho, vahA~ bhI nidarzanAlaGkAra hotA hai / nidarzanA kA akSarArtha hai ki "nidarzayati nizcayena sAdRzyam upamAnopameyabhAvaM bodhayatIti nidarzanA nAma - alngkaarH|" 'ni' pUrvaka Nyanta 'dRz' dhAtu se 'NyAsaMcojyuc' sUtra ke dvArA 'yuc' 'an' Adeza 'TApa' karake niSpanna hotA hai / yaha sambhavad vastu sambandha evaM asambhavad vastu sambandha ke bheda se do prakAra kA hotA hai / asambhavad vastu sambhavad kI kalpanA karake nimna zloka dikhalAyA gayA hai - "jayamupaiti subhIrumatallikA'khilajanIjanamastakamallikA / bahuSu bhUpavareSu mahIpate maNiraho caraNe pratibaddhyate // 174 jayakumAra evaM sulocanA ke bhAvI sambandha ke viSaya meM aisA dveSI varga ke dvArA kahA gayA hai ki he rAjan ! aneka zreSTha rAjAoM ke rahane para bhI akhila sundariyoM ke mastaka

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108/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana kI mAlA atyanta prazastA taruNI sulocanA jayakumAra ko prApta ho rahI hai / Azcarya hai ki maNi caraNoM meM bA~dhI jA rahI hai / maNi kA paira se sambandha ho asambhava hai / / parantu yahA~ zatruvarga ke dvArA yaha jayakumAra evaM sulocanA ke sambandha meM batAyA gayA hai / isa prakAra nidarzanA atyanta suspaSTa hai / sambhavad vastu sambandha kA eka udAharaNa prastuta hai - "suSamApa maharghatAM parairbhuvi bhAgyairiva nItirujjvalaiH / sutanostu vibhUSaNairyakA khalu lokai ravaloka nIyakA // isa padya meM sulocanA ke saundarya kA varNana kiyA gayA hai ki sundarI sulocanA kA saundarya logoM ke liye nitAnta darzanIya rahA, jo isa bhU -maNDala meM U~ce bhAgya ke kAraNa nIti kI bhA~ti ujjavala nirmalatA evaM zveta AbhUSaNoM se atyanta zobhA ko prApta kii| ___ yahA~ zveta bhUSaNoM kA sambandha sulocanA se karAkara zobhA ko bar3hA diyA gayA hai, jo nirdoSa se sambaddha nIti kA nIti kI bhA~ti kahakara pAramparika upamAnopameya bhAva sambhavad sambandha nidarzanA batAyI gayI hai / / isI prakAra dvAdaza se gRhIta udAharaNa meM bhI yaha alaGkAra manohara hai - "nizendunA zrItilakena bhAlaM sarobjabRndena vibhAtyathAlam / mahodayA asti susampadaivaM yuSmAbhirakasmAka maho sadaiva / '76 prakRta zloka meM yaha varNana hai ki kanyA pakSa vAloM ne bArAtiyoM se kahA ki jisa prakAra rAtri candramA se, lalATa tilaka se, sarovara kamaloM se zobhita hotA hai, usI prakAra Apa logoM se hama logoM kI sadA hI zobhA hai / yahA~ nidarzanA alaGkAra kA cittAkarSaka svarUpa hai / 13. dRSTAnta : dRSTAntAlaGkAra jayodaya mahAkAvya meM atyanta vyApaka hai / jahA~ upamAnopameya meM vidyamAna sAdhAraNa dharma kA do vAkyoM meM bimba pratibimba bhAva rUpa se varNana ho vahA~ dRSTAntAlaGkAra hotA hai / yaha sAdharmya vaidharmya ke bheda se do prakAra kA hotA hai / jahA~ sAdhAraNa dharma (sAdRzya) ke abhidhAyaka pada hoMge yA hote haiM, vahA~ sAdharmya dRSTAntAlaGkAra hogaa| jahA~ usakA abhAva hogA vahA~ vaidharmya dRSTAntAlaGkAra hogaa| tAtparya vaza se pratIyamAna sthiti hone ke kAraNa sAdRSya pratIti ho jAtI hai / sAdharmya se hone vAle dRSTAnta kA eka udAharaNa dekhiye - "vAtyayA'tyayini tUlakalApe tAdRzI smarazarArpitazApe / vegitA tu samabhUt kRtacAre sA bhuvAmadhibhuvAM parivAre // 78 yahA~ kahA gayA hai ki sulocanA ke svayaMvara meM pahu~cane ke icchuka kAmavANaviddha bhUpatiyoM

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paMcama adhyAya / 109 kA samUha itanI zIghratA se calane ke liye tatpara huA ki jaise bavaNDala ke dvArA ur3AyA gayA rUI kA gallA ho / prastuta padya meM kAmavANaviddha tvaritagatizIla rAjAoM kA gamana vAyu prerita rUI ke galle ke sadRza batAyA gayA hai / ina donoM kA upamAnopameya bhAva evaM sAdhAraNa dharma kI ekatA hone se sAdharmya dRSTAntAlaGkAra hai / adholikhita zloka meM bhI vaidharmya mukhena isakA ramya nirUpaNa huA hai - "sevaka sya samutkarSe kuto'nutkarSatA sataH / vasantasya hi mAhAtmyaM tarUNAM yA praphullatA // 79 prakRta padya meM jayakumAra ke sAtha sulocanA ke sambandha yA virodhI bharata samrAT ke putra arkakIrti ko lakSya karake yaha kahA gayA hai ki sevaka ke unnati meM svAmI kI avanati (tiraskAra) kaise ho sakatI hai ? kyoMki vRkSoM kI vikAsazIlatA jo kucha hotI ho usase vasanta Rtu kA mahatva bar3hatA hI hai na ki ghaTatA hai / yahA~ bhI dRSTAntAlaGkAra suspaSTa hai / isI prakAra isI sarga ke prastuta zloka meM bhI vaidharmya mUla se dRSTAntAlaGkAra manorama "sAdhAraNadharAdhIzAn jitvApi sa jayaH kutaH / / dvipendro nu mRgendrasya sutena tulanAmiyAt // '80 isa zloka meM jayakumAra ke vijaya kA varNana kiyA gayA hai ki sAdhAraNa dharAdhipatiyoM ko jItakara bhI vastutaH kyA jayakumAra pUrNa vijayI kahA jA sakatA hai ? hAthI yadyapi anya logoM se yA anya pazuoM se bar3A hai to kyA vaha siMha zAvaka kI tulanA meM A sakatA hai? yahA~ bhI dRSTAntAlaGkAra tirohita nahIM hai| dRSTAntAlaGkAra kA do udAharaNa aura draSTavya hai - "pratyupetya nijagau vacoharaH preritaiNapativadbhayaGkaraH / durnivAra iti naiti no girazcakravartitanayo mahIzvaraH // 181 yahA~ dRSTAntAlaGkAra kI manorama yojanA hai / isI prakAra mahArAja akampana se dUta kI ukti jo dRSTAnta alaMkAra kI anupama chaTA se pUrNa hai, usa para dRSTipAta kareM - "bhUrizo'pi mama saMprasAribhiraurvavannRpa samudravAribhiH / / kiM vadAni vacanaiH sa bhArata-bhUpabhUna khalu zAntatAM gataH // '182 prakRta padya meM yaha varNana hai ki jisa prakAra bar3avAnala samudra ke vipula jalase zAMta nahIM hotA, usI prakAra mere dvArA kahe gaye aneka prakAra ke sAntvanApUrNa vacanoM se bhI vaha zAnta nahIM huA / isa prakAra yaha dRSTAntAlaGkAra anupameya hai /

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110 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 14. vyatireka: jahA~ para upamAna se upameya ko adhika athavA nyUna batAyA jAya vahA~ vyatirekAlaGkAra hotA hai / yadi upamAna se upameya ke AdhikyavarNana meM athavA upamAna se upameya ke nyUnatA ke pradarzana meM hetu dikhAye gaye hoM to vaha eka prakAra kA vyatireka hotA hai / aise hI upameya ke Adhikya nyUnatA kA kAraNa na dikhAne meM tIna prakAra kA hotA hai / isa prakAra cAra prakAra ke kahe hue bhedoM meM sAmyabodhakatA kahIM zabdataH kahIM arthataH kahI~ AkSepa se hotA hai / isa taraha isake bAraha bheda ho jAte haiM / inameM bhI kahIM zleSa ke dvArA kahIM zleSa rahita rUpa meM varNana hone se caubIsa prakAra kA vyatirekAlaGkAra niSpanna hotA hai / - vyatirekAlaGkAra isa mahAkAvya kA parama poSaka hai / jayodaya mahAkAvya ke prathama sarga meM jayakumAra ke utkarSa varNana prasaGga meM tRtIya zloka vyatirekAlaGkAra ko puSTa karatA hai "kathApyathAmuSya yadi zrutArAttathA vRthAsArya ? sudhAsudhArA / kAmaikadezariNI sudhAsA kathA caturvaganisargavAsA || 84 prakRta padya meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki jayodaya kI kathA yadi eka bAra bhI suna liyA amRta kI dhArA bhI vyartha ho jAyegI / kyoMki amRta kAma ( manoratha) ko pUrNa karane vAlI hai jo mAnava jIvana kA eka puruSArtha hai / parantu jayodaya kI kathA dharmAtha, kAma, mokSa ina cAroM puruSArthoM ko dene vAlI hai / isa prakAra jayodaya kathA ke sAmane amRta kathA ko vyartha batAkara vyatirekAlaGkAra niSpanna kiyA gayA hai / 15. sahokti : jaba sahArtha bodhaka sAkam, sArdham, samaM, saha ityAdi ke bala se do arthoM kA sambandha eka se diyA jAtA ho, vahA~ mUla meM atizayokti hote hue bhI sahokti alaGkAra hotA hai / prakRta mahAkAvya meM anekoM sthaloM meM yaha alaGkAra ramya rUpa meM nirUpita hai / jaise" tanaye mana etadAturaM tava niryogavisarjane param / lalanA kalanAmni kintvasau vyavahAro'vyavahAra eva bhoH 11 ayi yAhi ca pUjyapUjayA svayamasmAnapi ca prakAzaya / jananIti parizrutAzrubhirbahulAjAM stanute sma yojitAn // 1186 sulocanA kI bidAI ke samaya usakI mAtA isa prakAra kaha rahI haiM ki he putrI ! tujhe bidA karane meM merA citta atyanta khinna ho rahA hai, kintu lalanA jAti ke liye yaha vyavahAra to anivArya hI hai isaliye tuma jAo, pUjyoM kI pUjA ke dvArA apane ko aura mujhe bhI ujjvala kro| isa prakAra kahakara nayanAzru ke sAtha niHsRta lAjA ko maMgalArtha sulocanA ke mastaka para chodd'ii|

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paMcama adhyAya / 111 yahA~ nayanAzru ke sAtha bhuje hue lAje ko mastaka para chor3ane kA jo varNana kiyA gayA hai, vaha sahArtha bodha ke dvArA sahokti alaGkAra hai| yuddhasthala ke varNana prakAra meM bhI yaha alaGkAra vyavahRta huA hai / "purogatasya dviSato varasya ciccheda yAvattu ziro narasya / kazcittadAnI nijapazcimena vilUnamUrdhA nipapAta tena // 187 eka yoddhA sammukha sthita balavAna zatru ke mastaka ko jyoMhI kATA tyoMhI usake pIche sthita zatru ne usakA bhI sira kATa DAlA / sira kaTane ke sAtha-sAtha pRthvI para gira pdd'aa| yahA~ bhI sahArtha pradarzita hone se sahokti alaGkAra kA rUpa dhAraNa kara letA hai / 16. samAsokti : samAsokti alaGkAra apanA isa mahAkAvya para pUrNa prabhAva DAlA hai / koI sarga isase zUnya nahIM hai / isa alaGkAra kA lakSaNa AcArya vizvanAtha ne isa prakAra diyA hai ki jahA~ para kAryaliGga aura vizeSaNa ke dvArA sAdhAraNa arthAt sAdhAraNa dharma banAkara prakRta meM aprakRta vastu ke vyavahAra kA Aropa hotA ho, vahA~ samAsokti alaGkAra hotA hai| prAyaH nAyaka-nAyikA ke vyavahAra rUpa meM isa alaGkAra kA prayoga adhikAMzataH milatA hai| isakA udAharaNa upanyasta kiyA jAtA hai - "vIrazriyaM tAvadito varItuM bhartuLapAyAdathavA tarItum / bhaTAgraNIH prAgapi candrahAsa - yaSTiM galAlaGkatimAptavAn saH // ''89 yahA~ varNana hai ki vIra zrI sarvaprathama merA hI varaNa kareM aura isa taraha mujhe svAmI kA ulAhanA na prApta ho, etadartha usa yuddha meM kisI yoddhA ne candrahAsa nAmaka asi putrI (talavAra) ko yA candrahAsa nAmaka muktAmAlA ko, apane gale kA alaGkAra banA liyA / yahA~ samAsokti alaGkAra manorama hai / isI prakAra trayodaza sarga meM bhI yaha alaGkAra apanA pUrNa sAmrAjya sthApita kiye hue hai - "rajasvalAmarvavarA dharitrImAliGgaca doSAdanuSaGgajAtAt / glAniM gatAH snAtumitaH sma yAnti protthAya te samprati sustravantIm // ' 190 prakRta zloka meM ghor3e dhUlimayI bhUmi meM loTakara snAna karane ke liye nadI meM phuNce| yahA~ para rajasvalA bhUmi kA ghor3oM ne AliGgana kara parantu samparka vazAt utpanna doSa se malina ho vahA~ se uThakara snAna karane ke liye nadI meM gaye / 'rajasvalA' zabda zliSTa hokara 'raja' asti asyAmiti rajasvalA' dhUlimayI bhUmi yaha prakRta varNana meM hai tathA rajodharma se yukta nAyikA sundarI kA Aropa kiyA gayA hai / rajodharma yukta strI ke sparza meM doSa mAnA jAtA hai / AliGgana kI bAta hI kyA hai ? isaliye mana meM mAlinya A jAnA sutarAm siddha hai / tadanantara pavitra

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112/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana hone ke liye snAna karanA bhI nyAyocita hai / yahA~ 'dharitrI' (bhUmi) para rajasvalA dharma yukta nAyikA kA Aropa evaM "arvavarA' meM arvasu varAH iti arvavarAH' zreSTha ghor3e yaha prakRta artha hai / parantu zreSTha nAyaka ke vyavahAra kA Aropa kiyA gayA hai| jisameM sparza hone ke kAraNa snAna karane kI bhAvanA evaM usake anusAra kArya karanA nyAyocita varNana kiyA gayA hai / ataH samAsokti alaGkAra ramya hai / isI prakAra nimnastha zloka bhI isa alaGkAra se vaMcita nahIM hai - "balAtkSatottuGganitambabimbA madoddhataiH sindhuvadhUDhUipendra : / / gatvAGgamambhojamukhaM rasitvA'bhicakSume'sau kaluSIkRtA''rAt // 191 yahA~ gajarAjoM ne haThAt nadI ke nitamba (taTa) ko madodyatA vaza naSTa kara diyA tathA madhya bhAga meM pahu~cakara kamala mukha kA cumbana kiyA isase svacchandagAmI gajarAjoM ke kRtya se vaha nadI (nAyikA) malInatA (kAluSa) se bhara gayI / svatantragAmI puruSoM ke kukRtyoM se satkula prasUta nAyikA meM kAluSya AnA svAbhAvika siddha hai / yahA~ nadI meM aisI nAyikA kA Aropa evaM svachandagAmI nAyaka kA Aropa gajarAja para kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra nAyakanAyikA vyavahArAropa se samAsokti alaGkAra ramaNIka dikhAyA gayA hai| 17. zleSaH isa mahAkAvya meM zleSAlaGkAra bhI apanA vyApaka sthAna rakhatA hai / zleSAlaGkAra ke sambandha meM AcArya vizvanAtha ne likhA hai ki jahA~ aneka artha ke bodhaka zabda prayoga kiye jAte haiM / (evaM ekakAla meM donoM arthoM kA bhAva hotA ho) vahA~ zleSAlaGkAra hotA hai / zabda-arthagata hone se yaha dvidhA kAvya bana jAtA hai / zabda zleSa varNa, pratyaya, liGga, prakRti, pada, vibhakti vacana, evaM bhASAoM ke zleSa se ATha prakAra kA batalAyA gayA hai / isake atirikta jahA~ zabda parivartana ke yogya nahIM hotA vahA~ zabda zleSa hotA hai / jahA~ zabda parivartana karane para bhI artha zleSa baiThA rahatA ho vahA~ artha zleSAlaGkAra hotA hai / isa alaGkAra meM prAcInoM ke matoM ko lekara vizAla zAstrArtha kA bhU-bhAga khar3A kiyA gayA hai / parantu anvaya vyatireka kasauTI ko lekara zabda zleSa evaM artha zleSa kA AcArya vizvanAtha ne nirdhArita kiyA hai / prakRta mahAkAvya meM anekazaH sthaloM meM zleSAlaGkAra kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / jaise : artha zleSa kA eka udAharaNa"sakaraH sakaraGkabhAvatastAM phalavattAM nRpateH samAha zAstAm / dharati zriyameSa eva muktaH sutarAM so'dyo babhUva sArthasUktaH // 193 isa padya meM kanyAdAna ke prasaGga meM zleSAlaGkAra kA atIva ramya prayoga kiyA gayA hai| mahArAja akampana zrI ko dhAraNa karane se nAmataH zrIdhara to the hI parantu 'kara' arthAt jhArI se jala chor3ane evaM kanyA ratna sundarI sulocanA ko samarpaNa karane ke kAraNa vAstavika zrIdhara lakSmI kI udgama sthAna samudra bana gaye / yahA~ dharati zriyameSa' isa vAkya meM zrI zabda zliSTa

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paMcama adhyAya / 113 hone ke kAraNa zrIdhara kA artha zobhA sampatti ko dhAraNa karane vAle evaM lakSmI ko dhAraNa karane vAle samudra artha meM bhI prayoga kiyA gayA hai / jisa prakAra lakSmI kA udgama sthAna samudra haiM usase ratnoM kI utpatti huI tathA kanyA ratna lakSmI ko duzmana hetu arpaNa kiyA thaa| prakRta padya meM akampana zrIdhara haiM jo sampatti ko dhAraNa karane vAle evaM sulocanA rUpa kanyA ratna jaya ke hetu arpaNa karate haiM / ataeva ye bhI samudra (ratnAkara) haiM / isa mahAkAvya meM ananta zlokoM meM isa alaGkAra kA prayoga huA hai / saptama sarga kA nimnalikhita zloka isa alaGkAra ke liye draSTavya hai - "arka eva tamasAvRto'dhunA darzaghastra iha hetunA'munA / etyato grahaNatAM zriyaH priya ityabhUdapi zucA savikrayaH // 194 prastuta padya meM jayakumAra ne socA ki dekho, amAvasyA ke dina sarya ke samAna isa mAMgalika belA meM tejasvI arkakIrti bhI roSa rUpa rAhu dvArA grasta hokara grahaNa bhAva ko prApta ho rahA hai / yaha socakara sulocanA kA pati jayakumAra bhI kucha vikAra ko prApta huA / isameM zleSAlaGkAra anupameya hai| aise hI isI sarga kA avadheyArtha padya meM zleSa nirUpama hai"somajojvalaguNodayAnvayAH sambabhuH sapadi kaumudAzrayAH / / ye'rka taijasavazaMgatAH pare bhUtare kamalatAM prapedire // 5 prakRta zloka meM kahA gayA hai ki soma yA candramA ke guNoM se prema rakhane vAle rAtri ko vikasita karane vAle kumuda hote haiM, jabaki kamala (apane vikAsa ke liye) sUrya ke adhIna hote haiM / isI prakAra jayakumAra bhI soma nAmaka rAjA se utpanna aura sahiSNutAdi ujjvala guNoM se yukta the / ataH unake anuyAyI loga zIghra hI kaumudAzraya ho gaye / arthAt bhUmaNDala para harSa ke pAtra bane / kintu jo arkakIrti ke pratApa ke adhIna yAnI usake pakSa meM the, ve kamalatA ko prApta hue / unake 'ka' arthAt AtmA meM malinatA A gayI / tAtpanna yaha hai ki jayakumAra ke pakSa vAle to prasanna ho uThe, parantu arkakIrti ke pakSa vAle nirAzaya ho gaye / isa prakAra zleSa kI chaTA advitIya hai / 18. arthAntaranyAsaH jayodaya mahAkAvya meM arthAntaranyAsa alaGkAra kA bhI manorama nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / arthAntaranyAsa alaGkAra kA yaha artha hai ki 'anya arthaH arthAntara tasTa nyAsaH arthAntaranyAsaH / ' arthAt pratipAdita artha ke samarthana ke liye anyArtha kA rakhanA bhI arthAntaranyAsa kahalAtA hai / vaha samarthana kahIM sAmAnya kA vizeSa ke dvArA aura kahIM vizeSa kA sAmAnya se tathA kArya kA kAraNa se evaM kAraNa kA kArya se samarthana kiyA jAtA hai / isa prakAra cAra prakAra kA arthAntaranyAsa alaGkAra niSpanna hotA hai / ina cAra prakAroM meM bhI samartha-samarthaka meM kahIM sAdharmya rahatA hai aura kahIM isase bhinna vaidharmya

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114/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana kA bhI prayoga rahatA hai / isa prakAra ATha prakAra kA arthAntaranyAsa sAhityadarpaNa meM nirdiSTa hai% 1 197 ne jayodaya mahAkAvya kA navam sarga isa alaGkAra ke lie prastuta hai"jayamahIpatujorvilasattrapaH sapadi vAcyavipazcidasau nRpaH / kalitavAnitaretarameka tAM mRdugiro hyaparA na samAtA // jisa samaya sulocanA kA jayakumAra ke sAtha sambandha niSpanna huA tathA arkakIrti ke sAtha virodha kI bhAvanA gAr3hI jama gaI, usa samaya sulocanA ke pitA kAzI nareza akampana jayakumAra evaM cakravatI bharata putra arkakIrti meM utpanna anaikya rUpa kalaGka ke nivAraNa ke liye madhura uktiyoM kA prayoga kara jaya aura arkakIrti meM mela karA diyA / satya hai madhura vANI se bar3hakara sammela karAne vAlI anya koI yojanA nahIM hai / prakRta padya meM kAzI nareza mahArAja akampana ne jo donoM kumAroM meM ekatA utpanna karA diyA usameM pravacana pad vipazcita madhura vANI hI samartha hai| usa vizeSya vAkya ke samarthana ke liye sAmAnya vAkya 'mRdugirA hyaparA na samArdratA' se samarthana kara diyA gayA hai / nIce prastuta padya meM arthAntaranyAsa se pUrNa hai "" - 'ayamayacchadaH' daH dhItya hRdA jinaM tadanujAM tanujAya rathAGginaH / sunayanAjanako'yanakovidaH parahitAya vapurhi satAmidama ||"" 198 jisakA tAtparya hai ki sumArga vijJAtA mahArAja akampana ne sulocanA kI anujA ko bhagavAn jina kA smaraNa kara cakravatI putra arkakIrti ko arpaNa kara diyA / kyoMki sajjanoM kA zarIra paropakAra ke liye hI hotA hai / yahA~ para bhI "parahitAya vapurhi satAmidam " isa sAmAnya vAkya se uparokta vizeSa kathana kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai / agrima zloka bhI isa alaGkAra se zUnya nahIM hai / yathA - " manasi tena sukAryamadhAryataH pratinivRttya yathoditakAryataH / hRdanukampanamIzatujaH satA kramavicArakarI khalu vRddhA +199 isa padya meM AdinAtha (Adi puruSa ) ke putra bharata ko apane anukUla banAnA hI ucita hai / aisA yathocita kAryoM se nivRtta hokara akampana ne vicArA / kyoMki vRddhatA sadaiva kramika T kartavyatA kA ucita vicAra karatI hai / yahA~ para ' kramavicArakarIkhaluvRddhatA' isa sAmAnya hai vAkya ke dvArA samarthana kiyA gayA hai / yadyapi utprekSA vAcaka zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA parantu usase kisI bhI prakAra utprekSA sambhava nahIM hai / ataH vaha nizcayArthaka mAtra kA bodhaka 1

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isI sarga kA eka aura dRSTAnta prastuta hai . - " ahamaho hRdayAzrayavatprajaH svajanavairakaraH punaraGgajaH 1 bhavati dIpakato'JjanavatkRtirna niyamA khalu kAryakapaddhatiH || 100 jisa samaya mahArAja akampana ne sumukha nAmaka dUta ko samanvaya hetu cakravatI bharata ke pAsa bhejA aura dUta ke mukha se apane putra arkakIrti evaM soma vaMzAvataMza jayakumAra ke vRtAnta ko zravaNa kara bharata ko hArdika kaSTa huA virodha paristhiti ko ve sahana karane meM samartha nahIM hue / isaliye apane putra arkakIrti ko hI doSI tthhraaye| unhoMne kahA ki arkakIrti AtmIya jana se hI baira karane vAlA ho gayA / pradIpa se kajjala kI utpatti honA satya hI hai / kAraNAnusAra kArya hotA hai yaha sarvathA nizcita nahIM hai / yahA~ para bhI 'na niyamA khalu kAryaka paddhati' isa vAkya dvArA mere jaise satkula meM arkakIrti dIpaka se utpanna kajjala kI bhA~ti AtmIyajanoM se virodhakara kalaGka utpanna kara diyA / yaha kAryakAraNa bhAva viruddha hai, kyoMki satkula se utpanna vyakti meM kalaGka nahIM AnA cAhie / parantu yahA~ kalaGka arkakIrti batAyA jA cukA / ataeva kAraNAnusAra kArya hotA hai yaha niyama sarvathA nizcita nahIM hai| isa prakAra vizeSa kA sAmAnya se samarthana kiyA gayA hai / paMcama adhyAya / 115 19. paryAyokta : jahA~ prakArAntara se vyaGga ko hI vAkya rUpa meM kaha diyA jAya, vahA~ paryAyokta alaGkAra hotA hai 101 / jo paryAyokta alaGkAra gUr3ha pratIta hotA hai evaM AcAryoM kA jisake sambandha meM paryApta matabheda hai, usa paryAyokta alaGkAra ke cayana meM bhI brahmacArI bhUrAmala zAstrI cuke nahIM haiN| jaise 44 vizAlaM nicayaistu sunAzIra - vyomayAnaM zikharaprotavasusaJcayazociSAm 1 11102 jahAsa yat isameM yaha varNana kiyA gayA hai ki jayakumAra ke vivAha kAla hetu jo maNDapa banA huA thA vaha atyanta vizAla thA usake UparI bhAga meM otaprota ratna rAziyoM kI kAnti ke samUha se indra vimAna kA bhI upahAsa kara rahA thA / vaha vivAha maNDapa indra vimAna se bhI atyanta ramaNIya thA, yaha dhvani vyakta karane ke liye zloka kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / parantu upahAsa Adi kaha karake vaha dhvani vAcya sadRza pratIta ho rahA hai / ataeva paryAyokta alaGkAra manohara hai / 20. virodhaH jahA~ virodha sA bhAna hotA ho use virodhAbhAsAlaGkAra kahate haiM / jAti, guNa, kriyA, dravya, ina cAroM yA jahA~ paraspara virodha pratIta ho isa dRSTi se yaha alaGkAra dasa prakAra kA bana jAtA hai / arthAt guNa kriyA, dravya ke sAtha guNa viruddha sA pratIta ho vahA~ tIna bheda hoMge / kriyA dravya ke sAtha jahA~ kriyA viruddha rUpa se pratIta ho vahA~

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116/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana bhI do prakAra kA virodha niSpanna hogA evaM dravya kA dravya ke sAtha viruddha prakRti meM eka prakAra kA virodha hogA / aise hI jAti, guNa, kriyA, dravya ke sAtha pArasparika jAti viruddha pratIta ho vahA~ cAra prakAra ke virodha hoNge| isa taraha dasa prakAra kA virodhAbhAsa niSpanna hotA hai / virodhAbhAsa alaGkAra kA isa mahAkAvya meM adhikAMzataH prayoga dikhAyI detA hai / jaise"viSameSuhi tenaiva sameSu hitakAriNA / "sandeha dhAriNApyArAt sandeha pratikAriNA // . tadA sanmUnistnena mUni ratnaM tadApi sat / sRdRgguNAnusAreNa'sudRka siddhAntazAlinA // 1104 yahA~ varNana hai ki jo kAmadeva ke sadRza sundara aura bhadra vyaktiyoM kA hita karane vAla hai, sundara zarIradhArI evaM sandeha kA nivAraka hai sulocanA ke saundarya Adi guNoM ke seTrapa hotA huA bhI prANI ke darzana kA abhiprAya (sulocanA milane para hI jI sakU~gA, isa prakAra rakhane vAlA hai sajjanoM ke ziromaNi usa jayakumAra ne apane mastaka para manohara maNimaya muka dhAraNa kiyA / yahA~ zAbdika virodha pratIta hotA hai / isI prakAra aTThAIsaveM sarga meM bhI isa atyanta ramya prayoga hai / yathA - "sadAcAra vihIno'pi sadAcAra parAyaNaH / sa rAjApi tapasvI san samakSo'pyakSarodhakaH // 705 jayakumAra meM vItarAgatA utpanna hone para tapazcaryA kI pravRtti kI gati-vidhi ke prasaraNaM kAla meM sthiti kA varNana karate hue mahAkavi ne vyakta kiyA hai ki vaha jayakumAra sadAcArahIna hote hue bhI sadAcAra meM tatpara banA / rAjA hote hue bhI tapasvI huA, samadRSTi rakhate hue bhI samadRSTi kA nivAraka banA / yahA~ kathana viruddha hai, kyoMki sadAcArahIna hone para sadAcAra meM tatpara nahIM rahA jA sakatA / isakA parihAra yaha hai ki vaha guptacara ke hIna (arthAt guptacara se zUnya hokara jana varga se pRthak ho) sadAcAra meM tatpara huA / rAjA hote hue bhI tapazcaraNa viruddha vastu hai| isakA parihAra yaha hai ki vaha dIptimAna (kAntizAlI) hote hue bhI tapazcaryA meM pravRtta huA / samadRSTi aura samadRSTi kA pratibandhaka honA viruddha hai| isakA parihAra yaha hai ki vaha sabake prati samAna dRSTi rakhate hue bhI akSa virodhaka arthAt jitendriya banA / isI prakAra nimnastha zloka meM bhI yaha alaGkAra cittAkarSaka hai - "anekAntapratiSTho'pi caikAnta sthitibhabhyagAt / akAyaklezasambhUtaH kAyaklezamapi zrayan // 106 vaha ekAnta meM sthita nahIM thA aura ekAnta sthiti meM thA yaha viruddha hai / isakA parihAra hai ki usakI sthiti anizcita rUpa meM nahIM thI arthAt dRr3ha thI / caMcalatA kA abhAva evaM

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paMcama adhyAya / 117 ekAnta meM apanI arthAt Asana ko prApta huA / kAya kleza se rahita honA evaM kAya kleza ko sahana karanA ye bhI viruddha vastu hai / isakA parihAra hai ki zArIrika kleza se vaha kabhI parAjita nahIM huA aura paMcakleza ko sahana kiyA / isake kucha udAharaNa aura darzanIya haiM -- (a) "nIrasatvamathAvAccha tsamInapariNAmavAn / nadInabhAvamApApi nirjaroktaguNAzrayAt // 10 (ba) "nAnAtmavartanopyAsId bahu lohamayatvataH / samujvala guNasthAnagraho'bhuttantu vAyavat // 108 (sa) "kSamAzIlo'pi san kopakaraNaika parAyaNaH / babhUva mArdavopeto'pyatIva dRr3ha dhAraNaH // 109 (da) "apyArjavazriyA nityaM samutsavaka maGgataH / . pAvanaprakri yo'pyAsIttadAzaucaparAyaNaH // "110 (ya) "zrI yuktadazadharmo'pi navanItAdhikAravAn / tatvasthiti prakAzAya svAtmanaikAyito'pyabhUt // '111 isake atirikta anyatra sargoM meM bhI isI prakAra dekhane ko milatA hai / 21. vibhAvanAH jahA~ hetu ke binA kAryotpatti batAyI jAya yadyapi hetu ke binA koI kArya hotA nahIM hai / tathApi kAraNAntara kI apekSA karake mukhya kAraNa na kahakara kahA gayA ho, kAraNAntara kahIM ukta rahatA aura kahIM anukta isa prakAra vibhAvanAlaGkAra ke do bheda bhI hote haiM / udAharaNa - "phullavatyasaGgAdhipatiM munInamavekSyamANo bakulaH kulInaH / vinaiva hAlAkuralAn vadhUnAM vratAzritiM vAgatavAnadUnAm // '113 parigraha zUnya logoM ke adhipati munirAja ko dekhakara kulIna maulazrI kA vRkSa vadhuoM ke madyapUrNa kulle ke binA hI vikasita ho gayA / (yaha kavi samaya khyAti hai ki maulazrI kA vRkSa madyapAna kara sundariyoM ke kulle se vikasita hotA hai) kavi samaya khyAti ke prasaGga meM sAhityadarpaNakAra AcArya vizvanAtha ne likhA hai ki binA madyapUrNa mukha ke kulle ke hI maulazrI ke vikasita hone kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / ataeva vibhAvanA alaGkAra hai / munirAja ko dekhakara vikasita hone ke kathana se ukta nimittaka vibhAvanA alaGkAra hai,114 jo vinokti se anuprANita hai /

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118/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana isI prakAra adholikhita padya meM bhI yaha alaGkAra draSTavya hai - 'azoka Alokya patiM hyazokaM prazAntacittaM vyakasatsurokam / rAgeNa rAjIvadRzaH sametaM pAdaprahAraM sa kutaH saheta || ' 115 44 yahA~ prazAntacitta, zokarahita munirAja ko dekhakara azoka vRkSa svayaM hI vikasita ho gayA / aisA varNana kiyA gayA hai / yaha vikAsa bhI nAyikA pAdaprahAra ke binA hI dikhAyA gayA hai / ataeva ye bhI ukta nimittaka vibhAvanA alaGkAra hai I 22. samAlaGkAra : jahA~ yogya vastu kA usake anukUla prazaMsanIya yojanA (sambandha ) batAyI jAya vahA~ samAlaGkAra hotA hai 1 16 / jayodaya mahAkAvya meM samAlaGkAra ke nirUpaNa meM kavi anAyAsa varNana meM siddhahasta pratIta hotA hai / jaise - "sukandazampe ca kalaGkirAtrI viSAdidurge smarazarmapAtrI / vidhezca saMyojayato'bhyupAyaH paraspara yogyasamAgamAya / / ' 11 11117 isameM kahA gayA hai ki vidhAtA ne ( sukanda zobhana rUpeNa kaMjalaM dadAtIti kando meghaH zampAzaM zAntiM pAtIti zampA vidyutaH) megha aura bijalI kA paraspara sAhacArya banAte hue, kalaGkI candrarAtri andhakAra pUrNa tamisrA ina donoM kA sambandha jor3ate hue, biSAdI zaGkara (viSamatti tacchIla: viSAdI) evaM durgA (duHkhena gamyate iti durgA) kA sambandha jor3ate hue, isI prakAra smara ( smaraNa yogya) kAmadeva ke sAtha zarmakAriNI rati kA samAgama kara vidhAtA yaha sUcita karate haiM ki unakA udyoga pArasparika sambandha sadaiva yogya ke sAtha hI hotA hai / ataeva isa viSaya meM vicAra nahIM karanA cAhie, kyoMki vidhAtA sulocanA kA sambandha yogya ke sAtha hI kreNge| yahA~ yogya ke sAtha samAgama kA varNana karane se samAlaGkAra hai 1 aise hI isI sarga kA agrima zloka bhI isI alaGkAra kA poSaka hai / 'adRzyarUpA vitano ratirvyabhAdabhUt subhadrA bharatasya vallabhA / variSyati tvAM tu satIti sattama cakAsti yogyena hi yogyasaGgamaH // 18 3 44 isameM kahA gayA hai ki zarIra rahita (anaGga) kAmadeva se hI adRzya rUpA rati kA sambandha suzobhita huA hai / usI prakAra subhadrA kA sambandha cakravartI mahArAja bharata se huaa| aisA dekhane se yaha pratIta hotA hai ki satI sulocanA, he rAjakumAra ! tumhArA hI varaNa kregii| kyoMki yogya ke sAtha yogya kA sambandha hI suzobhita hotA hai / 23. kAvyaliGga : jahA~ kisI vastu ke prati vAkyArtha yA padArtha kAraNa dikhAye jAte hoM, vahA~ kAvyaliGgAlaGkAra hotA hai119 / jaise -

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paMcama adhyAya / 119 "bhujo rujo'Gko'mbujakoSakAya karaM tvamuSyAH kamalaM vidhAya / kandaprakAro jagadeka dRzya samutkaraH zeSa ihAstu yasya // 120 sulocanA ke varNana meM mahAkavi ne kahA hai ki vidhi ke jJAtA vidhAtA ne sundarI sulocanA ke donoM hAthoM kA nirmANa usa nirmANa sAmagrI se bace hue kUr3A karakaTa se kIcar3a se kamaloM kA nirmANa huA / yahA~ paGkAt jAyate iti paGkajam,' paMka se utpanna huA (kamala) yaha vyutpatti kamala ke sambandha meM zeSa kUr3A karakaTa kIcar3a se nirmita hone meM hetu hai ataeva pada hetu mUlaka kAvyaliGga alaGkAra hai / isI prakAra isI sarga kA nimnazloka isase achUtA nahIM - "kuzezayaM vedmi nizAsu maunaM dadhAnamekaM sutarAmaghonam / mukhasya yatsAmyamavAptumasyA vizuddhadRSTe kurute tapasyAm // 121 cArunetrI sulocanA ke mukha kI samAnatA ko prApta karane ke liye kamala kuze zaya arthAt kuza Adi para vratI kI bhA~ti maunI bana jAtA hai tathA ananya (advitIya) tapazcaryA karatA hai| ataH yaha siddha hai ki vaha pApa se rikta hai / kamala ko kuzezaya kahate hI haiN| rAtri meM vikasita na hone ke kAraNa mukha kA saMkucita honA svAbhAvika hai / parantu kavi ne usa vAkya ko sulocanA ke mukha ke sAtha samatA prApta karane ke liye hI vaha tapasyA kara rahA hai evaM mauna dhAraNa kiye hue hai / yaha vAkya hetu bana jAtA hai / ataH kAvyaliGgAlaGkAra hai| sAtha hI 'vedrima pada kamala meM tapazcaryA maunatA kuza (tRNa) Adi virAjamAnatA utprekSAlaGkAra ko bhI puSTa karatA hai| adholikhita zloka meM bhI yaha alaGkAra ramya hai - "adhaH sthitAyAH kamalekSaNAyA nirIkSamANo mRdukezapAzam / bhujaGga bhuG nirjitavarha bhAraM drutaM drumAgrAtsamadudruvatsaH // 122 yahA~ sulocanA ke vivAha ke avasara para koI strI mArga janya thakAvaTa ko dUra karane ke liye kisI vRkSa ke nIce Akara khar3I ho gayI / usake mayUra ke paMkha ko jItane vAle komala kezapAza ko dekhane vAlA mayUra apane paMkha bhAra ko parAjita samajhakara zIghra hI usa vRkSa para se bhaga gyaa| yahA~ para mayUra ke bhAgane meM sundarI ke komala kezapAza ko dekhane kA hetu rUpa meM varNana kiyA gayA hai / ataeva yaha vAkya hetuka kAvya-liGga alaGkAra hai| 24. anumAna : isa mahAkAvya meM anumAna alaGkAra bhI yatra-tatra pUrNarUpa meM sanniviSTa milatA hai / jahA~ para kavi pratibhotthApita camatkAra se vyApaka sAdhya kA sAdhana ke dvArA siddhi dikhAyI jAya vahA~ anumAnAlaGkAra hotA hai|23 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA prastuta udAharaNa isa alaGkAra se paripuSTa hai -

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120 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana " AjiSu tatkaravAlairha yakSurakSoditAsu saMpatitam / vaMzAnmuktA bIjaM pallavito'bhUdyazodruritaH 11124 isa padya meM yuddhasthala meM eka rAjA kA varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki yuddha bhUmi ghor3oM kI khuroM se jisakI pRthvI cUrNa ho gayI hai, vahA~ para usa rAjA ke talavAra se hAthiyoM ke jo kumbhasthala chinna-bhinna kiye gye| unase gajamukta rUpI bIja gira par3A hai| ataeva usa bIja se ukta rAjA kA yazasvI vRkSa pallavita ho rahA hai| bIja se vRkSotpatti kA honA kAryakAraNa mUlaka anumAna alaGkAra suspaSTa hai / yahA~ gajamukta bIja se rAjA ke yazo vRkSa kA prasUta honA dikhAyA gayA hai| ataeva anumAnAlaGkAra apane rUpa meM paripuSTa hai| zvetamuktAmaNi bIja se zveta yaza kI utpatti kA honA samucita hI hai / isakA eka anya udAharaNa prastuta hai| - " stanazriyA te pRthulastanI bho nadaM na yAtIti tirobhaveti / labdhapratidvandvipado madena niSAdinoktA pramadA pathisThA / / ' '125 I isa padya meM kisI sundarI ko dekhakara jo mArga meM khar3I hai, eka hastipaka ( pilavAna) usase kahatA hai ki he sthUla stanI ! pramadA yaha merA hAthI tumhAre stana zobhA se apanA pratidvandI samajhakara Age nahIM bar3ha rahA hai arthAt nadI meM praveza nahIM kara rahA hai / isalie tuma kahIM chipa jaao| jaise eka gaja apane pratidvandI gaja ko dekhakara khar3A ho jAtA hai evaM mattatAvaza Age nahIM bar3hatA, vaise hI gaja kumbhasthala tathA sthUla stanI meM dvandI - pratidvandI bhAva batAyA gayA hai / jahA~-jahA~ dvandI - pratidvandI bhAva hotA hai, vahA~ gatividhi meM zaithilya kA AnA mandatA kA svarUpa bananA svAbhAvika hotA hai / usI svarUpa ko yahA~ bhI kavi ne apanI bahumukhI pratibhA se isa alaMkAra ko jar3a diyA / 25. yathAsaMkhyaH yathA saMkhya kA artha hai 'saMkhyAmanatikramya iti yathA saMkhyam' jahA~ nirdiSTa padArthoM ke kathana meM krama baiThA huA / prathama kA prathama ke sAtha, dvitIya kA dvitIya ke sAtha, tRtIya kA tRtIya ke sAtha nirdeza ho vahA~ yathAsaMkhya alaGkAra hotA hai 26 / isa mahAkAvya meM yathAsakhya alaGkAra kA apanA uttama sthAna hai / jaise 1 "jihvayA guNiguNeSu saMjaraMcetasA khalajaneSu saMvaram / nirbaloddhatiparastu karmaNA svauka ekamabhavattu zarmaNAm // ' 11127 prakRta padya meM yaha dikhAyA gayA hai ki vaha rAjA jayakumAra jihvA se guNiyoM ke guNoM kA gAna karatA huA, citta se durjanoM kA nirodha karatA huA, kartavya se nirbaloM ke uddhAra meM tatpara hotA huA, apane aura dUsaroM ke kalyANa ke liye vaha eka advitIya sthAna banA / yahA~ prathama guNIjanoM meM tataH khala janoM meM tatpazcAt nirbaloM kI rakSAdi meM tatparatA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / isa prakAra kramika svarUpa hone se evaM sundara-asundara donoM prakAra ke yogoM kA varNana hone se sadasad yoga yathAsaMkhya alaGkAra kA ramya prayoga hai /

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paMcama adhyAya / 121 26. parivRtti : padArthoM kA samAna yA asamAna padArthoM ke sAtha jo parivartana kA varNana hai, yaha parivRtti alaGkAra hotA hai 28 / AcArya vizvanAtha ne bhI isakA lakSaNa sAhitya darpaNa meM diyA hai / jisakA Azaya hai ki samAna aura asamAna vastu kA athavA nyUna se adhika yA adhika se nyUna vastu ke vinimaya meM parivRtti alaGkAra hotA hai 29 / udAharaNa draSTavya hai "hAraM jayaH hRdo'nukUlaM sa samavApya mahAzayaH samAdarAttasmA yupahAraM vitIrNavAn yahA~ kahA gayA hai ki jayakumAra ko hRdayAnukUla hAra prApta huA jise prAptakara udAracitta isa rAjakumAra ne lAye hue dUta ko atyanta Adara ke sAtha upahAra ( pAritoSika ) pradAna kiyaa| hAra ko pAkara upahAra denA yadyapi hAra meM do akSara haiM aura upahAra meM cAra akSara haiM prApta kI apekSA adhika pradAna kara jayakumAra ke mAdhyama se adhika pradAna karAkara parivRtti alaGkAra vyakta kiyA gayA hai / 1 11130 11 44 27. arthApatti : AcArya vizvanAtha ne sAhityadarpaNa meM isa prakAra kahA hai ki jo daNDa ko khA sakatA hai, vaha apUpa bhI khA sakatA hai| kahIM para prAkaraNika artha se aprAkaraNika artha kI prApti aura kahIM aprAkaraNika artha se prAkaraNika artha kA upasthita honA arthApatti alaGkAra bana jAtA hai 131 / jaise 'muktAnAmapyastheyaM ke vayaM rUparakiGkarAH / ' arthAt muktoM kI bhI ye sthiti ho jAtI hai / kAmadeva ke dUta hama logoM kI kyA bAta hai ? arthApatti se bhI yaha mahAkAvya rikta nahIM hai / isake bhI yatra-tatra prayoga milate haiM / jaise - 'mataGgajAnAM gurugarjitena jAtaM prahRSyaddhayagarjitena / atho rathAnAmapi cItkRtena channaH praNAdaH paTahasya kena // ''132 yuddhasthala meM yadyapi hAthiyoM kI bhayaMkara garjanA hotI thI, ghor3oM kI hinahinAhaTa bhI ho rahI thI rathoM kA cItkAra bhI ho rahA thA tathApi paTaH (nagAr3e) kI dhvani ko kauna chipA sakA ? arthAt nagAr3e kI dhvani jo yuddhakAla meM zauryotpAdana hetu bajAyA jAtA hai, use koI bhI nahIM chipA sakA zlokagata 'paTa:' kI dhvani ko kisane chipA liyA ? arthAt koI bhI nahIM chipA skaa| isa zloka meM sampUrNa cArutA arthApatti para hI avalambita hai / 28. samuccayAlaGkAra : jahA~ prastuta padArtha ke liye kAraNa dikhAyA jAya aura ve kAraNa "khalekapotikA nyAya" se batAye jA~ya to vahA~ samuccayAlaGkAra hotA hai 33 / tAtparya yaha hai ki jahA~ dhAnyAdi phasala kI bela Adi ke dvArA dhAnya rAzi nikAlane ke liye daurI kara sukhAyA jAtA hai vahA~ kapotoM kA jhuNDa eka hI sAtha khAne ke uddezya se pahu~ca

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122 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana jAtA hai / vaise hI isa alaGkAra meM kArya ke prati kAraNa hI eka kAla meM pahu~cate haiN| eka kAla meM do guNa yA do kriyA batAyI jAya athavA eka guNa aura eka kriyA eka kAla meM batAyI jA~ya to vahA~ bhI samuccayAlaGkAra hotA hai| ina cAroM prakAra ke samuccayAlaGkAra meM kahIM sundara vastuoM kA yoga kahIM asundara vastuoM kA yoga aura kahIM sundarAsundara donoM kA yoga rahatA hai / isa prakAra yaha alaGkAra bAraha prakAra kA niSpanna hotA hai / jayodaya mahAkAvya meM yaha alaGkAra atyalpa hai, kintu jo prApta hai, vaha hRdayAhlAdaka hai - "syandanaistu yadakRSyatAtra bhUrvAjirAjazaphaTaGkaNA'pyabhUt / dAnavAribhirapUryatAsakran mattahastibhiramuSya he 'rthakRta || ' 134 yahA~ varNana kiyA gayA hai ki jo bhUmi jayakumAra ke rathoM se khodI gayI vahIM ghor3oM kI khuroM se chinnI kI taraha phor3a dI gayI, tathA madazrAvI hAthiyoM ke dvArA bhara dI gayI / isa prakAra jayakumAra ke puNya prabhAva se khetI kA kArya anAyAsa hI svataH pUrNa ho gayA / kRSi kArya ke liye aneka kAraNoM kI jaise jotanA, DheloM ko phor3anA aura pAnI se sIMcanA ye tInoM apekSita hote haiN| ina tInoM kAraNoM kI jayakumAra ke puNya prabhAva se anAyAsa hI zuddha batAyA gayA hai / ataH samuccayAlaGkAra divya hai / isI prakAra bahuza: zloka prakRta alaGkAra ke liye mahAkAvya meM bhare hue haiM 1 29. pratIpAlaGkAraH jahA~ prasiddha upamAna ko upameya kara diyA jAya athavA upamAna ko vyartha batAyA jAya yA usakA tiraskAra kiyA jAya vahA~ pratIpAlaGkAra hotA hai 135 / nimnalikhita zloka meM pratIpa kA cayana anUThA hai I 1 'ihAGgasabhbhAvitasauSThavasya zrIvAmarUpasya vapuzca yasya / anaGgatAmeva gatA samastu tanuH smarasyApi hi pazyatastu ||" 11136 isameM jayakumAra ke zarIra kA varNana kiyA gayA hai ki isa saMsAra meM usake zarIra meM adbhuta saundarya rahA jisako dekhane mAtra se hI kAmadeva kA zarIra anaGgatva ko prApta ho gayA arthAt mahAdeva ke samAne kAmadeva anaGga banA hai / phira bhI jayakumAra ke lokottara saundarya sammukha vaha vikRta rUpa ho gayA / yahA~ kAmadeva upamAna aura jayakumAra upameya rUpa meM na dikhAkara upamAna ko hI tiraskRta kara diyA gayA / ataH pratIpAlaGkAra suspaSTa hai / 30. tadguNa : jahA~ apane guNa ko tyAgakara dUsare ke guNa ko grahaNa kiyA jAya vahA~ tadguNa alaGkAra hotA hai 37 / tadguNa alaGkAra bhI sulocanA ke varNana prasaGga meM ramya rUpa meM nirUpita hai

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paMcama adhyAya / 123 "subhagA hi kRtA yatnadvidhinA'tha priyaMvadaH 1 dattvA smaro vilAsAdi suvarNa surabhItyadaH // ' 11138 prakRta padya meM kumArI sulocanA ko vidhAtA ne bar3e parizrama se ati sundarI ke rUpa meM banAyA / phira madhura bhASI kAmadeva ne vilAsa Adi strI vibhramoM ko arpaNa kara usameM suvarNa sugandha lA diyA / yadyapi svarNa meM sugandha nahIM hotA, apitu puSpa meM hI hotA hai / phira bhI kavi ne puSpagata sugandha dharma ko svarNa meM lAkara sulocanA ko atyanta zlAghanIya karane ke liye aisA varNana kiyA hai / ataeva tadguNAlaGkAra samIcIna hai / 31. atadguNa : jahA~ para anya guNa grahaNa ke kAraNa vidyamAna ho phira bhI guNa grahaNa kA abhAva pratIta hotA ho arthAt apanI sattA vyavasthita hI raha jAtI ho vahA~ atadguNa alaGkAra hotA hai 139 / atadguNa alaGkAra yadyapi isa mahAkAvya meM apekSayA kama hI hai / kyoMki aneka sthaloM meM ramya rUpa meM citrita hai / jaise "rathamaNDalanisvanaiH samaM kariNAM bRMhitamAnijuhUnuve / punaratra turaGga heSitaM svatitAraM sutarAmarAjate / / ' '140 vizAla senA ke varNana prasaGga meM kahA gayA hai ki ratha maNDaloM kI dhvani ke sAthasAtha hAthiyoM kI garjanA sarvatra vyApta ho gayI arthAt mizrita dhvani se saba sthala vyApta ho gaye to bhI ghor3oM kI vega se bharI huI hinahinAhaTa atyanta suzobhita huI / yahA~ ratha- maNDala kI dhvani se hasti garjana kA milanA pratyeka sthAnoM ko vyApta karane ke liye varNana kiyA gayA hai / parantu unameM ghor3oM kI dhvani itanI gambhIra thI ki apanI svarUpa sattA ko hI hinahinAhaTa se vyApta kara rahI thI / ataeva yahA~ atadguNAlaGkAra hai / kyoMki dhvaniyoM ke mizraNa hone kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / parantu vaha mizraNa dhvani ghor3oM kI dhvani ko milAne meM samartha nahIM hai / ataH atadguNa alaGkAra paripuSTa haiM / zabdAlaGkAra 32. vakrokti : jahA~ para anya kA kahA huA vAkya dUsare ke dvArA anyArtha paraka kara diyA jAya vahA~ vakrokti alaGkAra hotA hai / vaha anyArtha paratA zleSa 'mUlaka athavA kAkumUlaka hone se do prakAra kA hotA hai 141 / nimnastha zloka isa alaGkAra ke udAharaNa rUpa meM vicAraNIya hai "" ' mAnino'pi manujAstanujAyAmAgatA rasavazena sabhAyAm / jAyate sapadi tatra kimUhaH svAgataH khalu vimAnisamUhaH // 142 prakRta zloka meM varNana hai ki sulocanA ke svayaMvara meM anekoM vyaktiyoM kA Agamana

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124/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana huA / usa sabhA meM sulocanA ke prati prema bhAvanA se mAnI jana pahu~ceM tathA mAnahInoM kA samUha bhI vimAnArUr3ha devamaNDala bhI A phuNcaa| isameM koI tarka kI bAta nahIM hai athavA koI Azcarya nahIM hai / kyoMki sulocanA parama sundarI evaM kAzI nareza akampana kI rAjakumArI hai| mAnahIna loga pahu~ce athavA devagaNa pahu~ce / isameM kyA vicAraNIya hai ? arthAt kucha nahIM / isa prakAra prazna ke dvArA kAkuvakrokti alaGkAra niSpanna hotA hai| 33. svabhAvokti : isa mahAkAvya meM svabhAvokti ke paryApta sthala mileMge / isa alaGkAra kara lakSaNa sAhityadarpaNa meM diyA gayA hai ki bAlaka Adi padArthoM ke apanI kriyA aura svarUpa vidhi se varNana ko svabhAvokti kahate haiM143 / yaha sahRdayoM ke dvArA hI vedya hotA hai pAmara janoM se geya nahIM hotA / kyoMki yahA~ vizeSa dakSatA ke rUpa meM bodha karAyA jAtA hai| isakI vyutpatti bhI aisI hai 'svabhAvasya uktiryatra sa svbhaavoktirlngkaarH|' vizeSa dakSatA se bodha karane meM tAtparya yaha hai ki jo pAmara janoM se geya haiM, aisI svAbhAvika ceSTA varNana meM yaha svabhAvokti alaGkAra nahIM hogaa| jaise - yaha gAya kA baccA hI acche DIla-Daula vAlA baila hai, mukha se ghAsa khAtA hai, kAmendriya se mUtra kSaraNa karatA hai aura apAna mArga se gobara chor3atA hai / yaha yathArthataH svAbhAvika varNana hai / parantu yahA~ koI kavi pratibhA se sambandhita nahIM hai| kintu pAmara janoM se geya hai / ataeva yahA~ svabhAvokti alaGkAra nahIM hogA / aisA sAhityadarpaNakAra ke TIkAkAra kRSNamohana ThAkura ne likhA hai - 'gorapatyaMvalIbarde ghAsamatti mukhena sH| mUtra muMcati ziSnenaapAnena tu gomayam / ' mahAkAvya se avatarita zloka draSTavya haiM - "ayi rUpamamuSya bhUSiNaH suSamAbhizca sudhAMzudUSiNaH / drutameta ca pazyateti vA'mRtakulyeva sasAra sAravAk / '744 "atha rAjapathAn janIjanaH savibhUSo'ramabhUSayad ghanaH / sadanAnmadanAdanAtmako varamAgatya nirIkSituM sakaH // 145 prastuta padya dvaya meM varNita hai ki vara ke rUpa meM pahuMce hue bhavya saundaryazAlI jayakumAra ko dekhane ke liye saba loga utsuka hue evaM rAjamArga darzakoM se bhara gayA / isa prakAra paraspara eka dUsare se kahane lage ki zIghra Aie apane saundarya se candramA ko bhI dUSita karane vAle bhavya rUpa ko dekhiye / isI prakAra punaH diyA gayA hai ki striyoM kA bahuta bar3A samUha kAmAsakta citta vAsagRha se nikalakara vara ko dekhane ke liye rAjamArga meM vyApta ho gayA / anupama adRSTa vastu ko dekhane ke liye svabhAvataH sabakI pravRtti hotI hai tathA dUsaroM ko dikhAne ke liye bhI prayAsa kiyA jAtA hai / usI ke anusAra yahA~ varNana hai / itanA hI nahIM Age ke zlokoM meM bhI isakI dhArA bahatI calI gayI hai /

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paMcama adhyAya / 125 34. udAtta : jahA~ para lokottara dhana samRddhi Adi kA varNana kiyA jAya use udAttAlaGkAra kahate haiM tathA varNanIya vastu kA jo sampAdaka ho vaha bhI udAtta hI hotA hai / isa prakAra alaukika sampatti varNana aura prakRta varNanIya sampAdaka ke bheda se do prakAra kA yaha alaGkAra bana jAtA hai146 / udAtta kA akSarArtha hai ki ut karSeNa AdIyate gRhyata ityudAttam' ut AG pUrvaka (du dAna dAne) dAnArthaka dA dhAtu se karma meM 'kta' pratyaya karake 'ava upasargAttaH' 7/4/47 isa pANini sUtra se takarAdeza karake niSpanna hotA hai / sulocanA ke saundarya vaibhava ke prasaGga meM isa prakAra dikhAyA gayA hai - "sutanuH samabhAcchyiAzritA mRdunA procchanakena mArjitAH / kanaka pratimeva sA'zitApyanuzANotkaSaNaprakAzitA // 147 vaha sundarI sulocanA snAnAntara komala tauliye se poMchI gayI, jisase usakA saundarya sAna para car3hAyI gayI svarNa kI pratimA kI bhA~ti aura nikhara uThI / yahA~ sulocanA kA saundarya vaibhava pahale hI se divya thA / parantu snAna ke pazcAt taulI ke samparka se aura svarNa pratimA ke cAka cikya ke bhA~ti atiramya batAyA gayA hai / ataeva udAtta alaGkAra hai / yadyapi isake mUla meM upamAlaGkAra bhI baiThA huA hai tathApi vaha aGga hai, aGgI udAtta alaGkAra hI hai / 35. saMsRSTi : jahA~ do athavA aneka alaGkAroM kA paraspara upakAryoMyakAraka bhAva zUnya eka gadya yA padya meM 'tilataNDula' nyAya se varNana ho vahA~ saMsRSTi nAmaka alaGkAra hotA hai / yaha kahIM zabdAlaGkAra mAtra meM, kahIM arthAlaGkAra mAtra meM aura kahIM zabdArthobhayAlaGkAra meM paraspara nirapekSatAvaza sthita hone se tIna prakAra kA mAnA gayA hai / prakRta mahAkAvya ke udAharaNa avalokanIya haiM"pippalakupalakulau mRdulANI vilasata etau sudRzaH pANI / / sahajasnehavazAdiha sAkSAdvalayacchalataH pramilati lAkSA // 149 sulocanA ko susajjanAvasara meM lAkSA kI cUr3I pahanAye gaye, sulocanA ke donoM kara pipala ke kopala ke samAna komala the aura lAkSA pipala se utpanna hotI hai / ataH sahaja sneha ke kAraNa mAno vaha lAkSA cUr3I rUpa meM Akara mila gayI / ___ isa padya meM svAbhAvika sneha vaza lAkSA hAtha meM milane kA varNana kara utprekSA vyakta kI gayI hai / evaM chala zabda ke prayoga se kaitavApahnati bhI vyakta hotI hai / 'mRdulANI' 'pANi' pado meM ANI' yaha ekAkAra svara vyaMjana kA padAnta meM prayoga hone se antyAnuprAsa bhI hai| ina saboM kA paraspara nirapekSatA hone ke kAraNa yahA~ saMsRSTi alaGkAra hai / aise hI trayodaza sarga se prastuta udAharaNa meM yaha alaGkAra manorama hai "nagarI ca varIyaso vinirgamabherIvivarasya dambhataH / - bhavato bhavato viyogataH khalu dUneva tadA''zu cukSubhe // 150.

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126/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana jisameM jayakumAra ke kAzI nagarI se vidAI ke prasaGga meM kahA gayA hai ki vaha sampUrNa kAzI nagarI prasthAna kAlika bherI ke zabda ke byAja se jayakumAra bhAvI viyoga kI AzaMkA se mAno duHkhita ho, zIghra hI kSobha ko prApta hue| __isa padya meM nagarI jo jar3a hai, usameM duHkhI hone kI sambhAvanA kI vAcyotprekSA vyakta kiyA gayA hai tathA "bhavato-bhavato" pada kI AvRtti hone se lATAnuprAsa vyakta hai kyoMki lATAnuprAsa padAnta aura apadAnta meM bhI hotA hai / inakI paraspara nirapekSatA hone se saMsRSTi alaGkAra hai| zabdAlaGkAra alaGkAra vivecana meM maiMne kahIM bhI krama ko dhyAna meM nahIM rakhA hai| mammaTa Adi katipaya AcArya bhI aisA hI karate haiM / ataH arthAlaGkAra ke anantara katipaya zabdAlaMkAra para dRSTipAta karanA asamIcIna nahIM hogaa| 36. anuprAsa : anuprAsa alaGkAra isa mahAkAvya meM sarvatra vyApta hai tathApi usakI yahA~ utkRSTatA hai aise sthAna bhI kama nahIM haiM / jahA~ svara kI viSamatA rahane para bhI vyaMjana varNa kI samatA ho vahA~ anuprAsa alaMkAra hotA hai / anuprAsa zabda kA akSarArtha hai ki 'anu' rasoM ke anukUla 'pra' prakRSTa rUpa se varNo ke Asa nyAsa (racanA) ko anuprAsa kahate haiM / yadi rasa ke viparIta varNoM kA cayana ho jAya to vahA~ anuprAsa alaGkAra mAnya nahIM hogA / isIliye sAhityadarpaNa ke saptama pariccheda meM vAkya doSanirUpaNAvasara para 'varNAnAM pratikUlatvam' kahakara vAkya doSa batalAyA gayA hai / yaha chekAnuprAsa, vRtyanuprAsa, zrutyanuprAsa, antyAnuprAsa, lATAnuprAsa ke bheda se pA~ca prakAra kA hotA hai| (ka) chekAnuprAsa : vyaMjanoM ke samudAya kI eka hI bAra aneka prakAra kI samAnatA hone ko 'chekAnuprAsa' kahate haiN|52 / yahA~ aneka prakAra kI samAnatA se yaha abhiprAya hai ki svarUpa se bhI samAnatA honI cAhie aura krama se bhI / udAharaNa - "upAMzupAMsule vyomni DhakkADhakkArapUrite / balAhaka balAdhAnAnmayUrA madamAyayuH isameM svayaMvara hetu sasainya jayakumAra kA prasthAna varNana kiyA gayA hai / usa samaya bherI ke pracaNDa dhvani se evaM sainya se uThI huI dhUli se AkAza bhara gayA, jisase mayUroM meM megha garjana ke bhrama se mada utpanna ho gayA / yadyapi yahA~ bhrAnti alaGkAra bhI hai / parantu 'pa', 'pa', 'Dha', 'Dha', 'ba' 'ba', 'ya' 'ya' kI AvRtti hone se chekAnuprAsa hai| (kha) vRtyanuprAsa : aneka vyaMjanoM kA eka bAra (kevala svarUpa) se hI, krama se nahIM) yA bahuta bAra kA (svarUpa aura krama donoM se) athavA eka hI varNa kA eka bAra yA aneka bAra AvRtti sAmya hone para 'vRtyanuprAsa' hotA hai / jaise : 153

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paMcama adhyAya / 127 "sAmadAmavinayAdaravAdairdhAmanAma va vitIrya tadAdaiH / AgatAnupacacAra vizeSameSa samprati sa kAzinarezaH // "155 isameM svayaMvarArtha Agantuka atithi janoM ke bhavya svAgata ko dikhAyA gayA hai ki vazvavikhyAta kAzI nareza akampana ne samayocita vArtAlApa, mAlyadAna tathA Adara yukta namra vacanoM dvArA evaM sundara nivAsa sthAna dekara atithiyoM kA ramya svAgata kiyA / isa padya meM 'ma' 'ma', 'da' 'da', 'ca' 'ca' Adi varNoM kI AvRtti kI gayI jo prakRta alaGkAra kA pUrNa pUraka hai| (ga) zrutyanuprAsa : jahA~ tAlu, danta Adi sthAna se uccAryamAna vargoM kA prayoga ho vahA~ vyaMjana sAdRzya hone se zrutyanuprAsa kahalAtA hai / udAharaNArtha nimna zloka avalokanIya hai :"tattadAzayavidA'tha sureNa bhASitaM nRpasakukSicareNa / rAjarAjicaritocitavaktrI vittvameva sadasIha bhavitrI // ''157 prastuta zloka meM sabhAgata anekazaH rAjAoM kA jo vibhinna bhASA-bhASI haiM, unakA ricaya kauna ? kaise degA ? jisase sulocanA jAna ske| isa abhiprAya ko jAnakara akampana bhAI citrAGgada deva ne buddhi devI (vidyA devI) se kahA ki he vidyAvatI ! isa sabhA meM nekazaH rAjA Aye hue haiM / unakA sulocanA hetu paricaya dene kA bhAra isa sabhA meM tumhAre Upara hogA / yahA~ 'ta' 'ta', 'sa' 'sa' Adi danta evaM tAlu sthAnIya vargoM kA prayoga hone ' zrutyanuprAsa ramya rUpa meM citrita huA hai| (gha) antyAnaprAsa : pahale svara ke sAtha hI yadi yathAvastha vyaMjana kI Avatti ho to vaha antyAnuprAsa kahalAtA hai / isakA prayoga pada athavA pAda ke anta meM hI hotA hai|58 / isIliye ise antyAnuprAsa kahate haiM prakRta alaGkAra pradarzana karane meM kavi kI abhiruci adhika dIkhatI hai / udAharaNa"syandanaM samadhiruhya nAyakaH kautukAzugasarUpakAyakaH / prItisUssumRdurUpiNI priyA sa pratastha ucitAdarastayA // 159 mahArAja akampana kA Adeza lekara jisa samaya jayakumAra prasthAna karate haiM, usa prasthAna kAla meM aisA varNana dikhAyA gayA hai - ___Azvacarya hai pUrNa kAmadeva ke samAna zarIra dhAraNa karane vAle nAyaka jayakumAra evaM anurAga ko utpanna karane vAlI komala kAntizAlinI priyA sulocanA ratha para ArUr3ha hue tathA sulocanA ke dvArA amUlya Adara ke sAtha nAyaka ne prasthAna kiyA / yahA~ svara ke sAtha prathama pAda ke anta meM 'AyakaH' kI dvitIya pAda ke anta meM usakI svara vyaMjana ke sAtha vaisI hI AvRtti kI gayI hai|

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128/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana ataeva antyAnuprAsa manojJa hai| isI prakAra ukta sarga se katipaya udAharaNa prastuta haiM - (ka) "mArgamastamayituM turaGgamAH zIghrameva marUto drutaM gamAH / __udgiranta iva tuNDataH kSurAJceluratra tu parAstarmumurAH // 160 (kha) "pAdinAmatijavena gacchatAM tecchadArava tadA garunmatAm / rejire bhuvi bhujA nirantaraM saMcalanta ucitA itAdaram // 161 (ga) "adhvakartanavivartavigrahAste'pi varddhitaparasparaspRhAH / . zIghrameva gamanazramaMsahAH pattayo yayuramo samunmahAH // 162 1. yamaka : AcArya vizvanAtha ne kahA hai ki jahA~ svara sahita vyaMjana samUha kI AvRtti kI jAya vahA~ ' yamaka' alaGkAra hotA hai vaha AvRtti svara vyaMjana samUha kahIM donoM sArthaka hote haiM aura nirarthaka hote haiM / kahIM eka sArthaka aura dUsarA nirarthaka hotA hai / itanA hI nahIM kahIM pAda kI AvRtti, kahIM pAdArtha kI AvRtti, kahIM zloka kI AvRtti aura kahIM para pAda ke Adi bhAga kI AvRtti hotI hai / isa prakAra isa alaMkAra ke bahuta se bheda ho jAte haiM / anya AcAryoM ne bhI isake bahuta se bhedoM ko batalAyA hai / jaise 'kAvyAlaGkAra sUtra' grantha ke nirmAtA ne batalAyA hai ki sthAna niyama ke sAtha anekArthaka pada athavA akSara kI AvRtti ko 'yamaka' kahate haiM / yamaka meM pada Adi kI AvRtti ke sambandha meM vAmana kA kathana hai ki eka sampUrNa pAda aura eka athavA aneka pAda ke Adi, madhya, anta bhAga yamaka meM AvRtti ke ucita sthAna haiM165 / isa alaGkAra kA kucha udAharaNa dikhAyA jA rahA hai, kyoMki sabako dikhAnA kevala pRSTha bar3hAnA mAtra hai| ataeva isa dRSTi se nimnastha padya vicAraNIya hai - "samabhUtsamabhUtarakSaNaH svasamutsargavisargalakSaNaH / zivamAnavamAnavakSaNaH nRpaterutsavadutsavakSaNaH // 16 prakRta padya meM jayakumAra ke putra anantavIrya kI utpatti hone para tathA tannimittaka rAjyAbhiSeka varNanAvasara meM kavi ne vyakta kiyA hai - "samadRSTi se prANimAtra kA rakSaka, utsarga-visarga guNa yukta jayakumAra ke liye utsava svarUpa evaM mAnava mAtra ke liye navIna maMgalamaya svarUpa kalyANa pradAna karane vAlA anantavIrya nAmaka putra utpanna huA / " __yahA~ 'kSaNa' isa varNa samUha kI cAroM caraNoM ke anta meM AvRtti hai tathA tRtIya caraNa meM 'mAnava', 'mAnava' kI AvRtti ramya hai / aise hI caturtha caraNa meM 'utsava' 'utsava' kI AvRtti darzanIya hai / ataeva yamaka alaGkAra divya hai / isa prakAra yaha sarga adhikAMzataH yamakAlaGkAra se bharA huA hai| aise hI anya sargoM ke kucha udAharaNa nIce diye jA rahe haiM / yathA -

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paMcama adhyAya / 129 (ka) "zyAmaM mukhaM me virahaikavastu ekAntato'raktamahomanastu / pratyAgataste hyadharAgrabhAga evAbhirUpe manasastu rAgaH // ''167 (kha) "kAntArasaddezacarasya cakSuH kSepo'bhavatsadvipeSu dikSu / advaitasamvAdamupetya vANamokSaH kSaNAdvA savayasyakAraNaH // (ga) anuSThitaM yadyadadhIzvareNa tattatkRtaM zrIsudRzA''dareNa / 11168 yenAdhvanA gacchati citrabhAnustenaiva tArAtatireti sAnu || 169 (gha) " nanu jano bhuvi sampadupArjane prayatatAM vipadAmuta varjane / milati lAGgalikAphalavArivada vrajati yad gajabhuktakapitthavat // 70 (Ga) "paraH parAgaH prakRtaH prayAgaH sphuranzarIre sahajo'nurAgaH / sauvarNyamAyAtvadhuneti me hi saMsnAti mRtsnAtizayena gehI // "71 (ca) "sadeha dehaM malamUtragehaM bUyAMsurAmatramivApade'ham / tadyogayuktyA nivaheda pAMzu zutiH sravatsvedanipAti pAMzu // 172 isI taraha ananta padya prakRta alaGkAra se vyApta haiM / isa mahAkAvya ke avalokana se yaha pratIta hotA hai ki mahAkavi vANIbhUSaNa brahmacArI bhUrAmala jI zAstrI ko kAvya racanA kAla meM alaGkAroM ke sanniveza kI sthiti meM mastaka khujalAnA nahIM par3A / apitu 'ahamaham pUrvikayA' alaGkAra svayaM juTate gaye / Arambha se lekara mahAkAvya kI samApti paryanta alaGkAroM ke sanniveza meM anAyAsa saphala dikhate haiM / isa mahAkAvya meM mahAkavi zrI harSa kI chAyA adhikAMzata: pratIta hotI hai / jayodaya mahAkAvya ke prathama sarga meM sarvaprathama jina bhagavAn ke icchAnusAra apUrva guNoM se sampanna mahArAja jayakumAra ( hastinAgapura ) hastinApura ke zAsaka hue jinakI kathA eka bAra zravaNa se bhI amRta pIne kI icchA vyartha pratIta hotI hai / yathA "" 'kathApyathAmuSyayadi zrutArAttathA vRthA sA''rya sudhAsudhArA / kAmaikadezariNI sudhA sA kathA caturvarganisargavAsA // 173 - arthAt amRta kevala kAmasvarUpa eka hI puruSArtha pradAna karatA hai| parantu mahArAja jayakumAra kI kathA dharmArtha, kAma, mokSa ina cAroM puruSArthoM ko pradAna karane vAlI hai / punaH mahAkavi Age kahate haiM - " tanoti pUte jagato vilAsAtsmRtA kathA yA'tha kathaM tathA sA / svasevinImeva giraM mamA''rAt punAtunAtuccharasAdhikArAt // " 11174 jayakumAra kI lIlA kathA ke smaraNa mAtra se aihaloka - paraloka donoM pavitra ho jAte haiN| aisI sthiti meM granthakAra kA kathana hai ki merI vANI jo isa kathA kA sevana karegI

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130/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana vaha kyoM na pavitra hogI ? arthAt avazya pavitra hogI / yaha vAkyArtha naiSadhakAra harSa kI paMkti kA sAkSAt anusaraNa karatA hai / yathA - 'pavitramatrAtanute jagadyuge smRtA rasakSAlanayeva yatkathA / kathaM na sA madgiramAvilAmapi svasevinImeva pavitrayiSvayati // ' isI prakAra adhikAMza sthala darzanIya haiM - 11175 "payodharo bhUtacatuH samudrAM samullasadvatsalatorumudrAm / pradakSiNIkRtya sa gAmanudrAg jagAma caikAntamahImazUdrAm // " 11176 prakRta padya mahAkavi kAlidAsa ke raghuvaMza mahAkAvya ke dvitIya sarga ke zloka meM nirdiSTa hai / aise hI bahuza: samasta pada yojanAdi lakSita hote haiM / tathApi Adhunika yuga meM isa prakAra ke mahAkAvya kI paMktiyoM meM prakRta mahAkAvya kA pramukha sthAna hai kyoMki zabda zRGkhalA artha yojanA alaGkAra -pradarzana paddhati, zabdAlaGkAra tathA arthAlaGkAra donoM kI sthiti meM Alasya zUnya pratIta hote haiM / sarga kI vizAlatA evaM zlokoM kI bahulatA yadyapi isa mahAkAvya meM paryApta hai, tathApi inameM alaGkAroM kI yojanA meM kahIM zaithilya kA anubhava nahIM hotA / ataH alaGkAra praNayana meM siddhahasta mahAkavi vANIbhUSaNa brahmacArI bhUrAmala jI zAstrI kA utkarSa kisa sahRdaya ke hRdaya ko Avarjita nahIM karegA / I prathama alaGkAroM ke sAdhanatva evaM paripoSakatva kI bAta kahI gayI, kintu yaha bhI vicAraNIya hai ki alaGkAra kahIM-kahIM alaGkArya bhI hote haiM / jina udAharaNoM meM alaGkAra vyaGgaya hai, vahA~ unakI pradhAnatA hone se 'alaGkAra' nahIM apitu 'alaGkArya' hai / alaGkArya hone para bhI 'brAhmaNa zramaNanyAya' se unameM alaGkAratva kA vyavahAra hotA hai 167 / vivecita alaGkAroM meM ananvaya, arthazleSa aura virodha ke vyaGgya hone ke kAraNa ye una una sthaloM meM alaGkArya bhI hote haiM / 1 1. saM. zabda. kau., 4. nirukta, 10/1/2 pRSTha 135 phuTa noTa 2. zata. brA. 13/8/4 5. pANini su., 3/2/37 6. kRtvAlaGkAramAtmanaH 7. alaMkRtaM zubhaiH zabdaiH samayerdivyamAnuSaiH / chandovRttaizca vividhairanvitaM viduSAM priyam // 3. chAndogya upa. 8/8/5 bA. rAmA.., 2/40/13 mahA.bhA., pR. 1/27

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/ paMcama adhyAya /131 8. alaMkAraH saptamamaGgamiti yAyAvarIyaH / sakala vidyA sthAnaikAyatanaM paMcadazaM kAvyaM vidyAsthAnam / - kA.mI. dvi.a. pRSTha 7 9. kAvyaMgrAhyamalaGkArAt saundaryamalaMkAraH / alaMkRtiralaMkAraH / kAraNa vyutpatyA punaratnaMkAra zabdo yamakopamAdiSu vartate, sa doSa guNAlaMkArahAnopAdAnAbhyAm / -kAvyAlaMkAra sUtra vRtti 1/1 10. zabda citrasya prAyo nIrasatvAnna tadAdriyante kavayaH / -ci.mI. 11. vakrAbhidheya-zabdoktiriSTA vAcAmalaMkRtiH / bhAmahA. 1/36 vAcI vakrArtha-zabdoriktaralaMkArAya kalpate / vahI, 5/66 12. saiSA sarvaiva ( sarvatra) vakroktiranayArthovibhAvyate / yatno'sthAM kavinA kAryaH ko'laMkAro'nayA vinA // bhAmahA 2/85 13. kAvyazobhAkarAn, dharmAnalaMkArAn pracakSate / kA.da. 2/1 14. preyaH priyatarAkhyAnaM rasavat rasa pezalam / ____ arjAsvirudAhaMkAra, yuktotkarSa ca tattrayam // kA.da. 2/275 15. yacca sandhyaGga vRtyaGga lakSaNAdyAgamAntare / ___vyAvarNitamidaM ceSTamalaMkAratayaiva naH // kA.da. 2/267 16. sAlaMkArasya kAvyatA / ayamatra paramArthaH / sAlaMkArasya alaMkaraNasahitasya sakalasya nirastAvayavasya sataH kAvyatA kavi-karmatvam / ... alaMkAra zabdaH zarIrasyu zobhAtizayakAritvAnmukhyatayA kaTakAdiSu vartate / tatkAritvasAmAnyAdupacArAdupamAdiSu tadvadeva ca tatsadRzeSu guNAdiSu tathaiva ca tadAbhidhAyini granthe / zabdArthayorekayoga kssemtvaadaivyenvyvhaarH| - va.jI. 1/6 tathA 2 kI vRtti / 17. ...........nAnAlaMkAra-grahaNam guNarasAnAmupasaMgrathim / teSAmapi hi kAvyazobhAkaratvena alaMkAratvAt yadAha-'kAvyazobhAkarAn' ityAdi / - sarasvatI kaNDAbharaNa 5/11 kI vRtti / 18. trividhaH khalvakAravarga: vakroktiH svabhAvoktiH rasoktiriti / tatropamAdyalaMkAra prAdhAnye vakroktiH so'piguNaprAdhAnye svabhAvoktiH, vibhAvAnubhAva-vyabhicAri-saMyogAttu rasa-nipattau rasoktiriti / , 19. vivakSAtatparatvena nAGgitvena kadAcana' - dhuva. 2/19 20. upakurvanti taM santaM ye'GgadvAreNa jAtucit / hArAdivadalaMkArAste'nuprAsopamAdayaH ___ - kA. pra. 8/2_21.anuprAsopamAdayazca tvAmalaMkurvanti / ' - kA. mI. pR.-14 22. aGgAzritA alaMkArAH / - kAvyAnuzAsana, pR.-17 23. alaMkArAstu hArAdaya iva kaNThAdInAM saMyogavRtyA vAcya vAcaka rUpANAmaGgAnAmatizayamAdadhAnA rasamupa kurvanti / ekA. 5, 1,

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132/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 24. alaMkriyate aneneti cArutvaheturalaMkAraH / yathA karacaraNAdrayavayavagatairvalayanUpurAdimista dalaMkAratayA prasiddhairavayavI evAlaMkriyate tathA zabdArthAvayavagatairanuprAsopamAdibhistat tadalaMkAratayA prasiddhairavayavIbhUtaM kAvyamupackriyate / - pra. ru. ya. bhU, alaM. praka.-pR. 336 25. yo hetuH kAvya-zobhAyAH so'laGkAraH prakIrtyate / pratAparudrayazobhUSaNa. pR.-335 26. alaMkAra-bhUSitaM zabdArtharUpaM kAvyazarIram / -kAvyAnuzAsan, pR.-53 27. zabdArthayorasthirA ye dhamAH zobhAtizAyinaH / rasAdonupakurvanto'laMkArAste'GgadAdivat // ___- sA. da. 10/1 28. auyAdhika prakarSaheturalaMkAra / a. ti. pariccheda-4 29. alaMkArastu zobhAyai ... 1 alaMkArAH kuNDalAdivat // a. ze. 1/22 30. kAvyAtmAna, vyaGgasya ramaNIyatA-prajokakamalaMkArA / - rasagaMgAdhara, pR.-248 31. sAmyaM gacyamavaidhamyaM vAkyaikya upamA dvayoH / - sA. da. dazama pari. zloka 14 32. ci. mI. pRSTha-7 33.ci. mI. pRSTa-7 34. upamA dIpakaM caiva rUpakaM yamakaM tathA / kAvyasyaite hyalaGkArAzcatvAraH / parikIrtitA // nA. zAM. 13/43 35. prativastu prabhRtirUpamAprapaMcaH / kAvyA. sU. 4/3/1 36. alaGkAra zekhara, pR.-24 para uddhRta / 37.alaGkAra sarvasva pR.-22 38. rasa gaMgAdhara 39.ja. ma. 1/111 40.ja. ma. 3/29 41.vahI, 5/14 42. vahI, 10/52 43.vahI, 10/54 44. alaGkAra sarvasvakAra ne alaGkAroM kA vargIkaraNa isa prakAra kiyA hai - (1) bhedAbheda pradhAna alaGkAra - ka- 1-upamA, 2-upameyopamA, 3-ananvaya, 4- kAraNa kha- abheda pradhAna AropamUlaka chaH alaGkAra, 5- rUpaka 6- pariNAma, 7- sandeha, 8bhrAntimAn, 9- ullekha, 10- apahnati ga- abheda pradhAna adhyavasAya mUlaka do alaGkAra 11- utprekSA, 12- atizayokti gha- abheda pradhAna gamya aupamyAzrita padArtha vAkyArthamUlaka pA~ca alaGkAra 13- tulyogitA, 14- dIpaka, 15- prativastUpamA, 16- dRSTAnta, 17- nidarzanA, 18-vyatireka, 19-sahokti, 20-vinokti, 21- samAsokti, 22-parikara, 23,parikarAGkara, 24-zleSa, 25-aprastuta prazaMsA, 26-arthAntaranyAsa, 27-paryAyokta, 28-vyAjastuti, 29-AkSepa / . (2) virodhamUlaka gyAraha alaGkAra- 30-virodha, 31-vibhAvanA, 32- vizeSokti 33-asaGgati, 34-viSama, 35 sama, 36-vicitra, 37-adhika, 38-anyonya, 39-vizeSa, 40-vyAghAta (3) zRGkhalAvaddhamUlaka tIna alaGkAra -41-kAraNamAlA, 42-ekAvalI, 42-sAra /

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paMcama adhyAya / 133 (4) tarkanyAmUlaka do alaGkAra-44 kAvyaliGga, 45-anumAna / (5) vAkya nyAya mUlaka ATha alaGkAra-46 yathAsaMkhya, 47-paryAya, 48-parivRtti, 49-parisaMkhyA, 50-arthApatti, 51-vikalpa, 52-samuccakya, 53-samAdhi / (6) lokanyAyamUlaka sAta alaGkAra-54-pratyanIka, 55-pratIpa, 56-mIlita 57-sAmAnya, 58 tadguNa, 59-atadguNa, 60-uttara / (7) gUDhArthamUlaka sAta alaGkAra-61-sUkSma,62-vyAyokti,63-vakrokti,64-svAbhAvokti,65 bhAvika, 66-saMsRSTi 67-saGkara / 45. upamAnopameyatvamekasyaiva tvananvayaH / - sA. da. 10/26 utta. 46. ja. ma. 3/66 47. sadRzAnubhavAdvastusmRtiH smaraNamucyate / - sAda. 10/27 utta. 48. ja. ma. 13/93 49. rUpakaM rUpitAropAdvi (po vi) Saye nirapahnave / tatparamparitaM sAGga niraGgamiti ca tridhA / / _ - sA.da. 10/28 50. ja. ma. 6/108. 51.ja. ma. 8/9 52.ja. ma. 8/42, 43 53. sandehaH prakRte'nyasya saMzayaH pratibhotthitaH / zuddho nizcaya garbho'sau nizcayAnta iti tridhaa| __ - sA. da. 10/35 kApU. 36 kA pU. 54.ja. ma. 10/33 55. sAmyAdatasmiMstabuddhirbhrAntimAn prtibhotthitH| - sA. da. 10/36 utta. 56. ja. ma. 8/8 57.ja. ma. 13/63 58. kvacidbhedAd grahItRRNAM viSayANAM tathA kvacit / ___ekasyAnekadhollekho yaH sa ullekha ucyeta // ___ - sA. dA. 10/37 59. ja. ma. 3/ 3 6 0.ja. ma. 7/103 61. prakRtaM pratiSidhyAnyasthApanaM syAdapaGgatiH / gopanIyaM kamapyarthaM dyotayitvA kathaJcana // yadi zleSeNAnyathA vAnyathayetsApyapahnatiH / - sA. da. 10/38, 39 pU. . 62. ja. ma.13/48 64. saMbhAvanamathotprekSA prakRtasya samena yat / - kA. pra. da. u. kA. 92 65. bhavetsaMbhAvanotprekSA prakRtasya parAtmanA / vAcyA pratIyamAnA sA prathamaM dvividhA matA // vAcyevAdiprayoge syAdaprayoge parA punaH / jAtirguNaH kriyA dravyaM yadutprekSyaM dvayorapi // tadaSTadhApi pratyekaM bhAvAbhAvAbhimAnataH / guNakriyAsvarUpatvAnnimittasya punazcatAH // dvAtriMzadvidhatAM yAnti / ___ - sA. da. 10/40, 41, 42, 43 kA eka pada 66. ja. ma. 8/38 67.ja. ma. 8/39 68. siddhatve'dhyavasAyasyAtizayoktirnigadyate |bhede'pybhedH samabandhe'sambandhasta dviparyayau / paurvAparyAtyavaH kArya hetvoH sA paMcadhA tataH // - sA. da. 10/46, 47 pU. 63.ja.ma. 13/89

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134/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 69. ja. ma. 1/9 70.ja. ma. 5/18 71. aprastutaprastutayordIpakaM tu nigadyate // atha kAraNamekaM syAdanekAsu kriyAsu cet / __ - sA. da. 10/48 utta. 49 pU. 72.ja. ma. 5/38 73. sambhavan vastusambandho'sambhavan vA'pi kutracit / ___yatra bimbAnubimbatvaM bodhayetsA nidarzanA // - sA. da. 10/51 74. ja. ma. 9/77 75.vahI, 10/39 76.ja. ma. 12/140 77. dRSTAntastu sadharmasya vastunaH pratibimbanam // - sA. da. 10/50 utta. 78. ja. ma. 5/3 79.ja. ma. 7/3680.ja. ma. 7/49 81. ja. ma. 7/73 82.ja. ma. 7/74 83. AdhikyamupameyasyopamAnAnyUnatA'thavA / ____ vyatirekaH eka ukte'nukte hetau punastridhA // "- sA. da. 10/5284. ja. ma. 1/3 85. sA sahoktirmUlabhUtAtizayoktiryadA bhavet / - sA. da. 10/55 pU. 86. ja. ma. 13/9, 10 87.ja. ma. 8/32 . 88. samAsoktiH samairyatra kAryaliGgavizeSaNaiH / ___vyavahArasamAropaH prastute'nyasya vastunaH // - sA. da. 10/56. 89. ja. ma. 8/25 90.ja. ma. 13/92 91.ja. ma. 13/96 92. zabdaiH svabhAvAdekArthe zleSo'nekArthavAcanam // - sA. da. 10/57 utta. 93. ja. ma. 12/60 94.ja. ma. 7/75_95.ja. ma. 7/88 96. sAmAnyaM vA vizeSeNa vizeSastena vA yadi / kAryaM ca kAraNenedaM kAryeNa ca samarthyate // sAdhayeNetareNArthAntaranyAso'STadhA tataH / - sA. da. 10/61, 62 pU. 97. ja. ma.9140 98.vahI, 9156 99.ja. ma. 9/57 100.vahI. 9/81 101 paryAyoktaM yadA bhaGgacA gamyamevAbhidhIyate // - sA. da. 10/60 utta. 102.ja. ma. 10/86 103.jAtizcaturbhirjAtyAdyaivarguNo guNAdibhistribhiH // -- kriyA kriyAdravyAbhyAM yad dravyaM dravyeNa vA mithaH / . viruddhamiva bhAseta virodho'sau dazAkRttiH / - sA. da. 10/67 utta. 68 104.ja. ma. 3/97, 98 105. ja. ma. 28/5 106. ja. ma. 28/11 107. vahIM. 23 12 108.vahI. 28/23 109. vahI. 28/35 110. vahI. 28/36 111.vahI. 28/40 112.vibhAvanA vinA hetuM kAryotpattiryaducyate / uktAnuktanimittatvAd dvidhA sA parikIrtitA // - sA. da. 10/66 113.ja. ma. 1/81 114.mAlinyaM vyomni pApe, yazasi dhavalatA varNyate hAsakIyo

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paMcama adhyAya /135 raktau ca krodharAgau, saridudadhigataM paGkajendIvarAdi / 'toyAdhAre'khile'pi prasarati ca marAlAdikaH pakSisaGgho jyotsnA peyA cakorairjaladharasamaye mAnasaM yAnti haMsAH // pAdAghAtAdazokaM vikasita bakulaM yoSitAmAsyamaya - yUMnAmaGgeSu hArAH, sphuTita ca hRdayaM viprayogasya taapaiH| maurvI rolambamAlA dhanuratha vizikhAH kausumA puSpaketo - bhinnaM syAdasya bANairyuvajahadayaM strIkaTAkSeNa tadvat // ayambhojaM nizAyAM vikasita kumudaM, candrikA zuklapakSemeghadhvAneSu nRtyaM bhavati ca zikhinAM nApyazoke phalaM syAt / na syAjjAtI vasante, na ca kusumaphale gandhasAradrumANAmityAdyutreyayamanyatkavisamayagataM satkavInAM prabandhe // - sA. da. 10/23, 24, 25 pRSTha-560-562 115.ja. ma. 1/84 116.samaM syAdAnurUpyeNa zlAdhA yogyasya vastunaH / - sA. da. 10/71 pU. 117 ja. ma. 3/88 118. vahI. 3/89 119.hetorvAkyapadArthatve kAvyaliGga nigadyate / -- sA. da. 62 kA utta. 120.ja. ma. 11/43121. vahI. 11/60 122. ja. ma. 11/85 123.anumAnaM tu vicchittyA jJAnaM sAdhyasya sAdhanAt / - sA. da. 10/63 pU. 124.ja. ma. 6/81 125. vahI. 11/95 126.yathAsaMkhyamanUddeza uddiSTAnAM krameNa yat / - sA. da. 10/79pU. 127.ja. ma. 3/2 128.parivRttirvinamayo yo'rthAnAM syAt samAsamaiH / - kA. pra. sU. 113 129.parivRttirvinimayaH samanyUnAdhikairbhavet // - sA. da. 10/80 utta. 130.ja. ma. 3/95 131. daNDApUpikayAnyArthAgamo'rthApattiriSyate / - sA. da. 10/83 pU. 132.ja. ma. 8/24 133.samuccayo'yamekasmin sati kAryasya saadhke| khalakapotikAnyAyAttatkaraH syAtparo'pi cet / - sA. da. 10/84 134. ja. ma. 7/102 135.prasiddhasyopamAnasyopameyatvaprakalpanam / niSphalatvAbhidhAnaM vA pratIpamiti kathyate // - sA. da. 10/87 136.ja. ma. 1/45 137. tadguNaH svaguNatyAgAdatyutkRSTaguNagrahaH pU. - sA. da. 10/90pU. 138.ja. ma. 3/57 139. tadrUpAnanuhArastu hetau satyapyatadguNaH // - sA. da. 10/90 utta. 140.ja.ma. 13/35

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136 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 141.anyasyAnyArthakaM vAkyamanyathA yojayedyadi / anyaH zleSeNa kAkvA sA vakroktistato dvidhA // sA. da. 10/9 142. ja. ma. 5/18 143. svabhAvoktirduruhArthaM svakriyakrUpavarNanam / 145. vahI. 10/58 144. ja. ma. 10/57 146. lokatizayasaMpattivarNanodAttamucyate / yadvApi prastutasyAGgaM mahatAM caritaM bhavet // sA. da. 10/94 149. ja. ma. 12/117 150. vahI. 13/3 151.anuprAsaH zabdasAmyaM vaiSamye'pi svarasya yat 152.cheko vyaMjanasaGghasya sakRtsAmyamanekadhA / 147. ja. ma. 10/28 148.aGgAGgitve'laGkRtInAM tadvadekAzrayasthitau / saMdigdhatve ca bhavati saGkarastrividhaH punH| sA. da. 10/98 - - 153. ja. ma. 3/112 154. anekasyaikadhA sAmyamasakRdvASyanekadhA / ekasya sakRdaSyeSa vRttyanuprAsa ucyate // 160. ja. ma. 21/10 161. ja. ma. 21/12 103 170. vahI. 25/11 - sA. da. 10/4 155. ja. ma. 5/6 156. uccAryatvAdyadekatra sthAne tAluradAdike / sAdRzyaM vyajaMnasyaiva zrutyanuprAsa ucyate // - sA. da. 10/5 157 ja. ma. 5/34 158. vyaMjanaM cedyathAvasthaM sahAyena svareNa tu / Avartyate 'ntyayojyatvAdantyAnuprAsa eva tt| - sA. da. 10/6 sA. da. 10/92 174. ja. ma. 1/4 177. alaGkAryasyApi brAhmaNazramaNanyAyenAlaGkAratA / - sA. da. 10/2 pU. sA. da. 10/2 utta. 159. ja. ma. 21/7 162. ja. ma. 21/13 163. satyarthe pRthagarthAyAH svrvyNjnsNhteH| krameNa tenaivAvRttiryamakaM vinigadyate // sA.da.10/8 164. padamanekArthamakSaraM vA''vRttaM sthAnaniyame yamakam / 165. pAda: pAdasyaikasyAnekastha cAdimadhyAntabhAgAH sthAnAni 166. ja. ma. 26/1 000 167. ja. ma. 16/12 168. vahI. 16/22 169. - kAvyAlaGkAra sUtra 4/1/1 vahI. 4/1/2 vahI. 24/ 171. vahI. 27/41 172. vahI. 27/42 173.ja. ma. 1/3 175. nai. ca. 1/3 176. ja. ma. 19/13 kA. pra. caturtha

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A SaSTha - adhyAya 'jayodaya mahAkAvya' meM guNa, rIti evaM dhvani vivecana

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jayodaya meM guNa vimarza kAvya - jagat meM rasa kI pradhAnatA prAyaH saba loga svIkAra karate haiN| una rasoM meM guNa rahatA hai / yaha AnandavardhanAcArya, AcArya mammaTa, abhinavagupta, vizvanAtha, paM. rAja jagannAtha prabhRti svIkAra karate haiM / unake anusAra mAdhurya, oja, prasAda tIna guNa mAne gaye haiM / ye guNa zabdArthAzrita hote / vAmana Adi ne bajAya tIna ke dasa-dasa guNa mAne haiMprasAdaH samatA mAdhurya sukumAratA I vyaktirudAratva " zleSaH artha I ojaH kAntisamAdhayaH 11 ye dasa guNa zabda aura artha meM mAne gaye haiN| lakSaNa bheda mAtra se bheda hai / parantu ina zabdaarthagata bIsa guNoM kA AcArya mammaTa, vizvanAtha Adi sabhI AcAryoM ne khaNDana kiyA hai| ina meM kucha to doSAbhAva rUpa se haiM kucha vAg vaicitrya mAtra haiM / katipaya na mAnane se kAvya doSa utpanna hote haiM evaM kucha kA tIna guNoM meM hI antarbhAva kiyA gayA hai / 1 isa prakAra inakA khaNDana kara mAdhurya, oja prasAda tIna guNoM kI sthiti AcAryoM ne svIkAra kI hai' / isa prakAra zabdagata zleSa, samAdhi, udAratA prasAda guNoM kA vAmanAdi prAcInokta guNoM kA oja meM antarabhAva hai / prAcInokta mAdhurya guNa kA mAdhurya meM antarabhAva svIkAra kiyA hai / kyoMki pRthak-pRthak pada hoM arthAt samasta na Ate hoM unheM mAdhurya kahate haiM / isa prakAra mAdhurya meM hI antara bhAva batAyA gayA hai| arthavyakti guNa kA prasAda meM antarabhAva kiyA gayA hai kyoMki prAcInokta artha guNa zIghra hI arthabodha karA dene meM mAnA gayA hai| kAntiguNa grAmya doSAbhAva evaM sukumAratA duHzravatva doSAbhAva svarUpa hai / abhinna mArga se varNana karanA hI samatA guNa hai / vaha kahIM-kahIM rasa pratikUla varNana meM doSa ho jAyegA / yadi rasAnukUla huA to usI meM hI antarabhAva ho jAyegA / isa prakAra zabdagata dasa guNoM kA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai / . arthagata oja, prasAda, mAdhurya, sukumAratA, udAratA guNa doSAbhAva rUpa hI hai / kyoMki sAbhiprAya varNana ko prAcInoM ne oja kahA hai / yadi abhiprAya zUnya varNana hogA to apuSTArthatva doSa ho jAyegA / I isI prakAra artha vimalatA ko prasAda guNa mAnA hai / yadi nirmalatA nahIM hogI to adhika padatva doSa meM calA jAyegA / ukti vaicitrya ko prAcInoM ne mAdhurya guNa kahA hai| yadi ukti vaicitrya na ho to anavIkRtatva doSa ho jAyegA /

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SaSTha adhyAya / 139 paruSa varNa hInatA sukumAratA guNa arthagata prAcInoM ne vastu svabhAva ke suspaSTa varNana meM svIkAra kiyA hai / ise sahokti alaMkAra meM AcAryoM ne antarabhUta kiyA hai / kAnti guNa rasa dIpti ko kahate haiM jo rasa dIpti kI pradhAnatA meM rasa dhvani meM yA usakI apradhAnatA meM guNIbhUta vyaGgya meM antarbhUta ho jAyegA / vicitra varNana ko prAcInoM ne zleSa guNa kahA hai| vaha vaicitrya yA samUha kA varNana vidvattApUrNa do vastuoM ke samarthana yogya kauTilya, aprasiddha varNana kA abhAva anulvaNatva, upapAdaka, yuktiyoM kA vinyAsa upapatti Adi hai / ina saboM kA jahA~ yoga ho aise racanA (vicitratA) ko zleSaNa - guNa kahA hai jo kevala vicitratA mAtra hai / kAvya kA jo advitIyarasa hai usakA upakAraka na hone se yaha guNa nahIM hai aisA AcAryoM kA kathana hai / viparIta samvAda ke abhAva ko samatA guNa kahA gayA hai| yadi kAvya meM aisI samatA na ho to prakrama bhaMgatArUpa doSa ho jAyegA isaliye yaha samatA doSAbhAvarUpa hI hai / prAcInoM kA jo samAdhi guNa hai, usakA lakSaNa hai artha kA dRSTirUpa 112 44 'artha dRSTiH samAdhiH' isake do bheda haiM ajoni dUsarA chAyAyoni / yaha do prakAra kA varNana kAvya meM advitIya zobhAjanaka nahIM hai kintu kAvya ke zarIra kA niSpAdaka mAtra hai / isaliye ye bhI guNa nahIM hai / I isa prakAra ina bIsa guNoM kA khaNDana kara mammaTa vizvanAtha Adi AcAryoM ne tIna kI (mAdhurya, oja, prasAda) sthApanA kI hai / ina tIna guNoM ke lakSaNa tathA unake vyaMjaka varNoM ko isa prakAra batAyA hai| mAdhuryaguNaH I sahRdayoM ke hRdaya ko dravita karane vAle prAyaH Ananda rUpa (duHkha se abhizrita ) ko mAdhurya guNa kahate haiM / yadyapi rasa bhI Ananda svarUpa hai tathApi mAdhurya guNa aura rasa ko eka nahIM kaha sakate kyoMki rasa kA aMga rUpa dharma hai guNa / jise AcArya vizvanAtha ne apane abhISTa grantha meM manorama rUpa meM citrita kiyA hai / yathA "cittadravIbhAvamayo hrAdo mAdhuryamucyate / "3 kAvya prakAzakAra AcArya mammaTa ne mAdhurya ko druti kA kAraNa batAyA hai / usase citta dravita hone kA kAraNa mAdhurya hai aisA vyakta hotA hai| isa prakAra kucha aMza meM kAvya prakAzakAra ke sAtha sAhityadarpaNakAra kA virodha sA pratIta hotA hai| kAraNatA ko dUra karane ke lie vizvanAtha ne dravIbhAva ko pariSkRta kara diyA hai jisase dravIbhAva aura AhlAda meM bheda kI pratIti na hone se abhinna rUpa se hI bodha hotA hai| isa prakAra AhlAda aura mAdhurya eka hI ho jAtA hai| yaha mAdhurya kramazaH sambhoga zRGgAra, karuNa, vipralambha zRGgAra aura usase bhI adhika zAnta rasa meM pAyA jAtA hai /

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140 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana mAdhuya ke vyaMjaka varNa: varga ke antima akSara (varNa) (Ga, Ja, Na, na, ma) saMyukta ho parantu Ta, Tha, Da, Dha ye varNa jo zruti kaTutva ke utpAdaka haiM ye na ho / ra aura Na laghu hokara AveM evaM racanA sabhAsAbhAva ho athavA alpa padoM kA samAsa ho tathA komala varNoM kA vinyAsa ho to mAdhurya guNa kahA jAtA hai / - jayodaya mahAkAvya meM mAdhurya bahuzaH sthaloM meM darzanIya hai / asamasta padAvalI Adi se pUrNa mAdhurya dasama sarga meM sulocanA varNana ke prasaGga meM darzanIya hai "kusumaguNitadAmanirmalaM sA madhukararAvanipUritaM sadaMsA / guNamiva dhanuSaH smarasya hasta-kalitaM saMdadhatI tadA maprazastam // " 117 isa padya meM alpa samAsa vAle pada diye gaye hai tathA saMyuktAkSaroM kA bAhulya nahIM hai| isa dRSTi se mAdhurya guNa bharA huA hai / isI prakAra Age bhI isI sarga meM manorama sthaloM kI eka jhalaka prastuta hai - " nandIzvaraM samprati devateva pikAGganA cUtaka sUtameva / vasvaukasArA kimivAtrasAkSIkRtyAzu santaM santaM mumude mRgAkSI // 8 isa padya meM 'pikAGganA' meM Ga, 'ga' kA saMyoga mAdhurya kA vyaMjaka hai / 'nandIzvara' meM 'na' 'da' kA saMyoga, 'santa' meM 'n' 'ta' kA saMyoga vargAnta varNa saMyukta hone ke kAraNa mAdhurya hai tathA adhika samasta pada na hone se racanA madhurA hai / oja guNa : sahRdayoM kA citta jisase vistAra ko prApta ho aise dIpti ko ojaguNa kahate haiM 1 yaha oja kramazaH vIra, bIbhatsa, raudra rasoM meM uttarottara adhika rUpa meM rahatA hai / oja guNa ke vyaMjaka varNa : ka varga, ca varga, Ta varga, ta varga, pa varga ke tRtIya ja, ba, ga, Da, da evaM Adya ka, ca, Ta, ta pa ye apane se antima arthAta prathama varNa (ka, ca, Ta, ta, pa) kA dvitIya varNa (kha, cha, Tha, tha, pha) ke sAtha evaM tRtIya (ga, ja, Da, da, ba) kA caturtha (gha, jha, Dha, dha, bha) kA saMyoga ho evaM Ta, Tha, Da, Dha varNa raheM tathA repha kA Upara kI sthiti rUpa se athavA nIce saMyukta rUpa meM sthitI ho / tAlavya zakAra mUrdhanya SakAra kucha guNa ke vyaMjaka hote haiM / isI prakAra racanA samAsa bahulA evaM udbhaTa akSaroM se yukta ho to oja guNa kahalAtA hai| jayodaya mahAkAvya meM oja guNa kA bahuzaH prayoga ramya DhaMga se huA hai| isI pariveza meM oja guNa kA eka manorama udAharaNa para dRSTipAta kIjie - 'bhrazyatsphuTitvollasanena varmanAjJAtamAjJAtaraNotthazarma / prayuddhayatA kenacidAdareNa romAJcitAyAJca tanau nareNa // ' 1111 "

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SaSTha adhyAya / 141 yahA~ isa padya meM yuddha meM anurakta eka vIra kA varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki - AdarapUrvaka yuddha karane vAle kisI manuSya kA zarIra prasannatA ke kAraNa romAMcita ho utthaa| pariNAmataH usa roma uThane ke kAraNa girate hue kavaca ko yuddha saMlagna vaha vIra nahIM jAna skaa| isa padya meM "bhrazyatsphuTitvollasanena varma raNotthazarma prayuddhayatA" ina padoM meM bha ra, z, ya, t, sa, ta, va, l la, t tha, ra, ga, da, dha ya, vargoM ke saMyukta hone ke kAraNa oja guNa hai / isI prakAra Age ke zlokoM meM bhI vIra rasa ke prasaGga meM oja guNa kA sanniveza huA hai jo prastuta hai___ "niyodhinAM darpabhRdarpaNAlairyavyutthitaM vyomni rajo'ghuicAlaiH / . sudhAkazimbe khalu candrabimbe gatvA dviruktAGkatayA lalambe // 12 yahAM 'darpabhRdarpaNavyutthitaMvyomni, sudhAkazimbe, candrabimbe, dviruktAGka, lalambe' Adi padoM meM ra, pa, t tha m, na, m, ba vargoM meM saMyuktAkSarAdi prayoga se oja guNa kI puSTi hotI hai| isI taraha anyatra bhI raudra rasa ke prasaGga meM oja guNa kA sanniveza mahAkavi kI kuzAgratA kI jhalaka detI hai / yathA "kSamAyAmastu vizrAmaH zramaNAnAntu bho guNa / surAjAM rAjate vaMzyaH svayaM mAJcaka mUrdhani // "13 isa padya meM 'kSa', 'tra', 'a', 'zya' Adi vargoM kA vinyAsa ojoguNa kA valAsaka prasAda guNa : ___ jaise sukhI huI lakar3I ko agni zIghra hI apanI dAhakatA se vyApta kara detA hai (athavA jaise svaccha jala samUha meM par3I huI vastu zIghra hI pratIta hone lagatA hai) usI prakAra jahA~ artha zIghra hI citta meM vyApta ho jAtA hai, vahA~ prasAda guNa hotA hai / yaha prasAda guNa sampUrNa rasa aura sampUrNa racanAoM meM rahatA hai / kAvyaprakAzakAra mammaTa bhI aSTama ullAsa meM kahate "zulke ndhanAgnivat svaccha jalavatsahasaiva yaH15 jayodaya mahAkAvya meM prasAda guNa bhI apanA vyApaka sthAna rakhatA hai| prasAda guNa se sampanna isa mahAkAvya ke eka manorama racanA para dRSTipAta kareM "mano mamaikasya kilopahAraH bahuSvathAnyasya tathA'pahAraH / kimAtitheyaM karavANi vANiH hRde'pyahRdyeyamaho kRpANI // ''16 yahA~ isa padya meM yaha vyakta kiyA gayA hai ki svayaMvara meM upasthita rAjakumArI sulocanA

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142/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka rAjakumAroM kA paricaya dene vAlI vidyA devI se kahatI hai ki he vANI ! mujha jaisI bAlA kA mana to ina rAjAoM meM se kisI eka hI ke liye upahAra banegA tathA anya ke liye apahAra banakara nirAdara kA sthAna hI prApta karAyegA / aisI sthiti meM maiM kisa prakAra se una logoM kA atithi satkAra karU~ ? kyoMki merI yaha anabhISTatA kRpANI (rikA) kA hI kAma karegI isaliye Apa usake liye mArga batAveM / ____ yahA~ AlaGkArika bhASA meM tAtparya nibaddha hone para bhI zAbdika saralatA evaM svAbhAvika laukika gatizIlatA hone ke kAraNa prasAda guNa kA ramya nirUpaNa huA hai| isI prakAra anya sthaloM meM prApta prasAda guNa ke hRdayagrAhI citraNa se mahAkavi-cAturI pramANita hotI hai / eka udAharaNa para dRSTipAta kareM "saddhirAzAsitaH prApa bhUmibhRdbhavanaM punaH / edhayanmodapAthodhiM sa rAjA vizadAMzukaH // 17 isa padya kA zabda vinyAsa sarvathA sarala hai jisakA artha hai ki jisa prakAra apane svaccha kiraNoM se yukta nakSatroM se AvRtta candramA samudra ko ullAsita karatA huA udayAcala para pahuMcatA hai, usI prakAra vaha rAjA jayakumAra svaccha vastroM ko dhAraNa kiyA huA sajjanoM se AvRtta akampana ke liye harSotpAdaka, unake bhavana meM pahu~cA / yahA~ pratyeka zabda sarala evaM samAsa bahula na hone se artha zIghra hI pradAna karatA hai| aise hI bahuzaH sthaloM meM prasAda guNa darzanIya hai / ____ maiMne yahA~ saMkSepa meM hI guNoM para dRSTipAta kiyA hai / vaise jayodaya mahAkAvya eka prakhara vidvAn kI racanA hai / phalataH usameM vyAkaraNAnusArI paruSa prayoga hI adhika hai / ataH ojaguNa hI adhika parivyApta huA hai / anya guNa yathAviSaya yathAvasara prayukta haiM / jayodaya meM rIti vimarza ___ jayodaya meM rIti vimarza ke pUrva rIti para vicAra karanA aprAsaGgika nahIM hai / rIti mata ke pradhAna AcArya vAmana haiM, jinhoMne sarvaprathama apane grantha kAvyAlaGkAra sUtra meM rIti kA AtmA ke rUpa meM prayoga kiyA / inake pUrva bhI yaha tattva kisI na kisI rUpa meM vidyamAna thA / AcArya bharata muni ne rIti kA ullekha to nahIM kiyA kintu vibhinna dezoM meM pracalita pA~ca pravRttiyoM kA parigaNana avazya kiyA hai - "caturvidhApravRttizca proktA nATyaprayogataH / AvantI dAkSiNAtyA ca pAJcAlI pauNDU mAgadhI // 18 - bharata kI pravRtti vAmana kI rIti se adhika vyApaka hai / rIti kA tAtparya kevala bhASA prayoga se, parantu bharata kI pravRtti kA sambandha kevala bhASA se hI na hokara veza aura AcAra

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SaSTha adhyAya /143 se bhI hai" / bharata dvArA parigaNita pravRttiyoM meM pAJcAlI bhI haiM / vAmana ne zAyada yahIM se apanI pA cAlI ke lie saMketa grahaNa kiyA ho / bhAmaha ke 'kAvyAlaGkAra' ke anuzIlana se vidita hotA hai ki unake samaya meM vaidarbhI aura gauDIya mArga pracalita the / ve (bhAmaha) ina donoM mArgoM meM koI bheda nahIM mAnate / bANabhaTTa ke samaya meM bhAratavarSa kI cAro dizAoM meM cAra prakAra kI zailiyA~ vidyamAna thI "zleSaprAyamudIcyeSu pratIcyeSvarthamAtrakam / . utprekSA dAkSiNAtyeSu gauDe SvakSaraDambaraH // 20 daNDI ne rIti ke liye mArga zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai / inhoMne rIti meM vyakti kA prabhAva svIkAra kiyA / inake mata meM pratyeka kavi kI apanI viziSTa rIti hotI hai, jisakA vyaktitva ke sAtha pracura sambandha hotA hai| kaviyoM ke aneka hone se rItiyA~ bhI aneka haiN| inhoMne zleSa, prasAda, samatA, mAdhurya, sukumAratA, artha vyakti, udAratA, oja, kAnti, samAdhi dasa guNoM ko vaidarbha mArga kA prANa kahA hai / gauDIya mArga meM inake anusAra uparyukta guNoM kA viparyaya rahatA hai / AcArya vAmana ne rIti ko kAvya kI AtmA batalAyA hai / isI sambandha meM vahA~ kahA gayA hai ki viziSTa pada racanA ko rIti kahate hai / racanA meM viziSTatA yaha hai ki guNoM kI sthiti dvArA yaha rIti utpanna hotI hai isaliye guNa para hI rIti kA rahanA AdhArita hai / yaha rIti guNa sampradAya nAma se bhI vyavahRta hai / kAvyalaGakAra sUtra meM kahA gayA hai "ojaHkAntimatI gauddiiyaa| 125 isI prakAra "samagra guNA vaidarbhI 126 "mAdhurya saukumAryopa pannA paanycaalii|27 AnandavardhanAcArya ne rIti kA hI dUsarA nAma saMghaTanA rakhA / saMghaTanA se tAtparya zobhana padoM kI racanA se hai / saMghaTanA meM jo 'samyak ' vizeSa hai, usase yaha spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki ghaTanA kA samyaktva guNoM ke hI kAraNa hai / isa taraha yaha spaSTa hai ki vAmana kI viziSTA pada racanA' aura Anandavardhana kI 'saMghaTanA' tulyArtha bodhaka hone se eka hI hai / rIti guNAzrayI hai / vaha rasAbhivyakti kA mAdhyama hai / inhoMne rIti niyAmaka tattvoM para bhI prakAza ddaalaa| unake nAma isa prakAra haiM (1) vakta aucitya (2) vAcyaucitya (3) viSayaucitya aura (4) rasaucitya / rAjazekhara ne rIti kA lakSaNa isa prakAra kiyA hai - "vacanavinyAsakramo rItiH" yaha paribhASA vAmana kI paribhASA se bhinna nahIM hai, kevala zabdAntara hai / inake anusAra rItiyoM kA vailakSaNya isa prakAra hai

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gauDI asamAsa 144/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana vaidI pAJcAlI ISad samAsa samAsa sthAnAnuprAsa ISadanuprAsa anuprAsa yogavRtti upacAra yogavRtti paramparA ina tIna rItiyoM ke atirikta 'mAgadhI' rIti kA nirdeza 'karpUramaMjarI' kI prastAvanA meM aura 'maithilI' rIti kA varNana bAla rAmAyaNa ke dazama aGka meM rAja zekhara ne kiyA hai| kuntaka ne daNDI kA anukaraNa karate hue rIti kA mArga nAma rakha diyA hai / ye kavi svabhAva ko rIti kA nirNAyaka AdhAra mAnate haiM / tIna rItiyoM ke sthAna para inhoMne kavi svabhAvAnurUpa sukumAra mArga, vicitra mArga aura madhyama mArga ina tIna naye mArgoM kI udbhAvanA kI hai / bhojarAja ke pahale rItiyoM kI saMkhyA cAra thI / unhoMne usameM do nAmoM ko aura jor3a diyA (1) AvantikA aura (2) mAgadhI / bhoja ne apane sarasvatI kaNThAbharaNa meM ina chaH prakAra kI rItiyoM kA varNana kiyA hai / inhoMne rIti kI vyutpattimUlaka paribhASA isa prakAra kI hai "vaidarbhAdi kRtaH panthAH kAvye mArga iti smRtAH / rIGgatAviti dhAtossA vyutpatyA rItirucyate // " zAradAtanaya ne ukta chaH rItiyoM meM saurASTrI aura drAviDI nAmaka do aura rItiyoM ko jor3ate hue apane bhAva prakAza meM yaha kahA ki ina rItiyoM kI saMkhyA eka sau pA~ca taka pahu~ca sakatI hai / unake mata meM pratyeka vyakti kI apanI eka rIti hai "sorASTrI drAviDI ceti rIti dvayamudAhRtam / tattaddezIyaracanA rItistaddezanAmabhAk // " "prativacanaM pratipuruSaM tadavAntarajAtitaH pratiprIti / AnantyAt sAMkSipya proktA kavibhizcaturvidhetyeSA // tAsu paJcottarazataM vidhAH proktA manISibhiH / " "ta evAkSaravinyAsAstA eva padapaGaktayaH / puMsi puMsi vizeSeNa kApi kApi sarasvatI // " vaise pratyeka deza kI rIti meM kucha vailakSaNya ho sakatA hai / usa dRSTi se vibhAga kareM to rItiyoM ke ananta vibhAga ho jAyeMge / rItiyoM kA nAmakaraNa deza vizeSa ke nAma se hI hai / kyoMki Arambha kAla meM jisa pradeza ke nivAsI jisa zailI meM viziSTatA prApta kiye usa deza kA nAma usa zailI ke dvArA hI prasiddha huA, jaise vaidarbhI vidarbha deza (varAra) nAma se prasiddha huI / isI prakAra gauDI vaMza

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SaSTha adhyAya / 145 pradeza ke nAma se pAMcAlI pAMcAla arthAt paMjAba pradeza ke nAma se vyavahRta huI / AcArya vizvanAtha ne rItniyoM kA varNana sAhitya darpaNa meM kiyA hai- jisa prakAra zarIra meM mukha Adi avayavoM kA sanniveza hotA hai, usI prakAra kAvya ke zabdArthamaya zarIra meM padoM kI racanA vizeSa ko rIti kahate haiM / jo rasabhAva Adi kI upakAra karatI hai" / rIyate anayA iti rIti : ' gatyarthaka 'R' dhAtu se ktin pratyaya karane para rIti zabda niSpanna hotA hai / gati ke jJAna, gamana, mokSa rUpa artha hote haiM / vastutaH rIti vyutpatti ke anusAra jisase guNa vizeSa kA jJAna hotA ho use rIti kahate haiM / yaha rIti cAra prakAra kI hotI hai - (1) vaidarbhI, (2) gauDI, (3) pAMcAlI aura ( 4 ) lATikA (lATI) / vaidarbhI rIti : jisameM doSoM kA sparza taka na ho, jo mAdhuryAdi guNoM se yukta ho aura jisako sunane se utanA hI Ananda prApta hotA ho, jitanA vINA kI madhura dhvani sunane se huA karatA hai, vaha vaidarbhI rIti kahI jAtI hai 1 / vAmana", rAjazekhara", aura kuntaka 34 Adi AcAryoM tathA padmagupta parimala, vilhaNa", nIlakaNTha 7 aura zrI harSa Adi mahAkaviyoM ne vaidarbhI rIti kI atyadhika prazaMsA kI hai| mAdhurya saMjJaka guNa ke vyaMjaka varNoM se jisakI sukumAra racanA kI jAya tathA samAsa rahita athavA alpa samAsa yukta arthAt do-tIna padoM kA samAsa ho aisI racanA ko vaidarbhI rIti kahate haiM / mAdhurya guNa ke vyaMjaka Ta, Tha, Da, Dha ke binA anusvAra para savarNa vargAnta varNoM kA prayoga tathA repha NakAra hrasva hokara Ate hoM, aise hI varNa vaidarbhI rIti ke prakAzaka hote haiM" / prAcIna AcArya rudraTa ne prAcInoM ke anusAra zleSAdi dasa guNoM se yukta samAsa rahita tathA samAsa- yukta varga ke dvitIya akSara kA jahAM bAhulya ho, use vaidarbhI rIti kahate 1 jayodaya mahAkAvya kA dazama sarga vaidarbhI rIti ke liye darzanIya hai, jisake manorama varNana meM siddhahasta mahAkavi ke abhISTa grantha kA eka udAharaNa dekhie 44 'dRk tasya cAyAtsmaradIpikAyAM samantataH samprati bhAsurAyAm / drutaM pataGgAvalivattadaGgAnuyoginI nUnamanaGgasaMgAt / / "40 1140 isa padya meM sulocanA aura jayakumAra ke sAkSAtkAra ke samaya jayakumAra ke dRSTi kA varNana kiyA jA rahA hai ki vararAja jayakumAra kI dRSTi usa samaya cAro ora dIptimAn hotI huI kAmadeva kI pradIpa rUpA sulocanA para par3I jo kAma ke sAhacarya se phatiGgoM kI paMktiyoM kI bhA~ti usake aGgoM se lipaTa gayI / isa padya meM samasta pada kahIM-kahIM haiN| ve bhI atyanta sarala padoM ke hI samAsa haiN| tathA 'samantataH' 'pataGagAvali' 'tadaGgAnuyoginI' 'anaGga' 'saGga' ye vaidarbhI guNa ke vyaMjaka

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146/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana varNa nitAnta ramya rUpa meM dikhAye gaye haiM / isI prakAra anya udAharaNa bhI hai "nandIzvaraM samprati devateva pikAGganA cUtaka sUtameva / vasvaukasArA kimivAtrasAkSIkRtyAzu santaM mumude mRgAkSI // ''41 yahA~ vaidarbhI rIti kI manorama chaTA darzanIya hai / gauDI rIti : oja guNa ke prakAzaka vargoM se udabhaTa racanA ho tathA samasta pada kA bAhulya ho, aisI racanA ko gauDI rIti kahate haiM / jahA~ adhika padoM kA samAsa ho varga ke dvitIya aura caturtha akSaroM kA tathA sa, Sa, za, ha ina vargoM kA prayoga ho evaM anuprAsa alaMkAra kA adhika rUpa meM prayoga ho aisI racanA ko gauDI rIti mAnate haiN| ___ jayodaya mahAkAvya maiM gauDI rIti kA prayoga bar3e hI rocaka DhaMga se huA hai, jisakI eka jhA~kI prastuta hai "bhrazyatsphuTitvollasanena varma nAjJAtamAjJAtaraNatthazarma / prayuddhayatA ke nacidAdareNa romAJcitAyAJca tanau nareNa // 43 yahA~ yuddha meM anurakta eka vIra kA varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki utsAha pUrvaka Adara ke sAtha yuddha karate hue kisI vyakti ne yuddhasthala ke yathArtha sukha kA anubhava kiyA evaM usake zarIra meM romAMca utpanna ho AyA usa roma uThane ke kAraNa girate hue kavaca ko yuddha saMlagna vaha vIra nahIM jAna sakA / isa padya meM 'bhrazyatsphuTitvollasanena' 'varma' 'raNotthazarma' 'prayuddhayatA' ina padoM meM 'bha ra' za ya, 'ta s, t va, la la, t tha, ra ma, d dha ya, vargoM ke saMyoga se gauDI rIti ke vyaMjaka haiM / isI prakAra agrima zloka meM bhI ramya gauDI rIti kI racanA kI gayI hai / yathA "niyodhinAM darpabhRdarpaNAlairyad vyutthitaM vyomni rajo'GighracAlaiH / sudhAkazimbe khalu candrabimbe gatvA dviruktAGkatayA lalambe // ''44 yahA~ yuddharata vIroM ke darpa se bhare hue evaM utsAha se yukta jo pairoM kA uchalanA idharaudhara pheMkanA Arambha huA usase uThI huI dhUli AkAza meM pahu~ca gayI aura vahA~ jAkara amRta chatra candrabimba meM par3akara usake kalaMka arthAt candra kalaMka ko dunA banA dI / isa padya meM darpa, bhradarpaNa 'vyutthitaM' Adi padoM meM ra, pa, ra, bha, Adi vargoM meM saMyuktAkSarAdi prayoga se gauDI rIti nikhara uThI hai / pAJcAlI : vaidarbhI aura gauDI rIti ke prakAzaka vargoM ko chor3akara anya vargoM kA jahA~ prayoga

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SaSTha adhyAya /147 ho arthAt prasAda mAtra guNa ke vyaMjaka vargoM ke prayoga hoM, pA~ca athavA chaH padoM kA samAsa ho, aisI racanA ko pAJcAlI rIti kahate haiM / parantu bhoja ne kahA hai jahA~ oja aura kAntiguNa se yukta pA~ca yA chaH padoM ke samAsa hoM, komala madhura racanA ho use pAJcAlI rIti kahate haiM / jayodaya mahAkAvya meM pAJcAlI rIti kA bhI bahuzaH sthaloM meM mahAkavi ne prayoga kiyA hai, jisakA eka udAharaNa dekhie "mano mamaikasya kilopahAraH bahuSvathAnyasya tathA'pahAraH / kimAtitheyaM karavANi vANiH hRde'pyahRdyeyamaho kRpANI // 46 yahA~ prasAda guNa ke prasaGga meM dikhAye gaye padya meM pAJcAlI rIti atyanta ramya hai / isameM saMyuktAkSaroM kA Adhikya nahIM hai tathA vargAnta varNa ke sAtha (anusvAra para savarNa karake) varNo ke prayoga bhI nahIM hai tathA artha subodha hone se pAJcAlI rIti camaka uThI hai / isI prakAra isa mahAkAvya ke anyatra sthaloM meM bhI yaha rIti darzanIya hai"hRdaye jayasya vimale pratiSThitA cAnuvimbitA mAlA / magnAmagratayAbhAt smarazarasantatiriva vizAlA // 47 - yahA~ isa padya meM jayakumAra ke vakSasthala para par3I huI mAlA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| jayakumAra ke nirmala hRdaya para pratiSThita (sthApita) evaM pratiphalita vaha varamAlA kucha bhItara ghuse hue ke samAna pratIta ho rahI thI jisase yaha jJAta hotA thA ki kAmadeva se (puSpamaya) vizAla varNoM kI paMkti par3I huI hai / arthAt varamAlA pahana lene se vaha jayakumAra sakAma sA ho gayA / lATI : ___jahA~ para vaidarbhI aura pAJcAlI rIti meM Aye hue vargoM kA prayoga evaM racanA kI sthiti ho aisI racanA ko lATI rIti kahate haiM / jayodaya mahAkAvya meM lATI rIti bhI bahuzaH sthaloM meM vyavahRta hai| jaise"mRtAGganAnetrapayaHpravAho madAmbhasA vA kariNAmathAho / pravartate'dastu mamAnumAnamudagIyate'sau yamunAbhidhAnaH // 149 yahA~ yuddha-bhumi meM mare hue zatru vIroM kI striyoM ke A~suoM kA jala baha rahA thA athavA hAthiyoM kA madajala samUha baha par3A thA isaliye Azcarya hai ki hameM to yahI pratIta hotA hai ki vahI yamunA nadI ke nAma se kahA jA rahA hai / yahA~ para 'mRtAGganA' 'madAmbhasAM' meM 'ma' 'na' 'na' Adi vargoM kA prayoga vaidarbhI se sambandhita hai tathA anya varNa pA cAlI ke poSaka haiM / ina sabakoM ekatra samanvita hone se lATI rIti kI yojanA ramya hai /

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148/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana isI prakAra isI sarga ke anyatra zlokoM meM bhI lATI kI yojanA manohArI hai"vidyAdhRtAM kampavatAM hRdantaH kirITakoTermaNayaH patantaH / devairdviruktA rabhasAtsamantayazoniSe vairja yamAzrayantaH 1150 11 yahA~ yaha varNana kiyA gayA hai ki yuddha bhUmi meM jayakumAra ke bANa jaba AkAza se svarga taka pahu~ce to hRdaya se kA~pate hue vidyAdharoM ke mukuToM ke agrabhAga se giratI huI maNiyA~ jayakumAra ke yaza kA gAna kara rahI thI jo devatAoM ke stuti se dugunI hokara jayakumAra ko suzobhita kara rahI thI / isameM ma-pa, na-ta Adi varNa vaidarbhI ke poSaka tathA dvi-va-bha-sa-ma Adi anekazaH varNa pAJcAlI ke prakAzaka hone se donoM kA samUha ekatra hone ke kAraNa lATI rIti kA racanA ramya hai / yahA~ maiMne rItiyoM ko diGmAtra hI darzAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai / pUrNa bodha ke liye to kAvya hI avagAhanIya hai / jayodaya mahAkAvya meM dhvani vivecana dhvani kA sAmAnya paricayaH vANIbhUSaNa brahmacArI bhUrAmala zAstrI ke jayodaya mahAkAvya meM kAvyocita camatkAra kI paryAlocanA ke prasaGga meM dhvani vimarza ke pUrva kAvya ke svarUpa aura usake bhedoM ka saMkSipta paricaya aprAsaGgika na hogA / mammaTa ke 'taddoSauzabdArthau samuNAvanalaMkRtI puna: kvApi ' isa kAvya lakSaNa kA katipaya AlaGkArikoM ne khaNDana kiyA hai, parantu bAda ke AlaGkArikoM ne isa khaNDana kA bhI khaNDana kara isI lakSaNa ko samIcIna mAnA / adhikAMza AcAryoM meM zabda aura artha donoM meM kAvyatva svIkAra kiyA hai| AcAryoM ke vacana nimnalikhita haiM 44 151 " zabdArthau sahitau kAvyaM gadyaM padyaM vA tad dvidhA / ' " zabdArthau kAvyam / "52 "kAvyazabdo'yaM guNalaGkArasaMskRtayoH zabdArthayorvartate / 53 'adoSau saguNau sAlaGkArau ca zabdArthoM kAvyam / ' '54 " zabdArthau nirdoSau saguNau prAyaH salaGkArau ca kAvyam 1'55 "guNAlaGkAra sahitau zabdArthau doSa varNitau " zabdArthoM vapurasya tatra vibudhairAtmAbhyathApi dhvaniH / isase yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki adhikAMza vidvAnoM ke mata meM zabdArtha yugala meM hI vyAsajyavRti se kAvyatva pratiSThita hai / zabda ke artha tIna prakAra ke hote hai- vAkya, lakSya, vyaGgaca 1156 1157. 44

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SaSTha adhyAya / 149 inameM se jahA~ vyaGgaya artha kI pradhAnatA ho vahIM kAvya uttama koTi kA mAnA gayA hai / kAvya meM vyaGgyArtha ke prAdhAnyAprAdhAnya tathA sAhitya ko dhyAna meM rakhakara sarvaprathama Anandavardhana ne kAvya kA tIna bheda kiyA uttama, madhyama aura adhm| uttama kAvya meM vyaGgyArtha vAkyArtha kI apekSA adhika camatkAra yukta hotA hai / vidvAn loga isI ko dhvani kAvya kahate haiN| isa dhvanikAvya ke bhI tIna varga haiM - rasadhvani, alaGkAradhvani aura vastudhvani / inameM bhI rasadhvani sarvazreSTha hai aura yahI kAvya kA uttama rUpa hai / paNDita rAja 1 ne isakA uttamottama nAmakaraNa kiyA hai / kAvya ke dUsare bheda ko guNIbhUtavyaGgaya bhI kahate haiM / I I adhama kAvya ko citra kAvya bhI kahA jAtA hai / isa prakAra ke kAvya meM vyaGgayArtha sphuTa nahIM rahatA / mammaTa ne isako 'zabdacitra' aura 'arthacitra' do vargoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai / mammaTa dhvanikAra ke ukta vargIkaraNa kA anusaraNa karate haiM / sAhityadarpaNakAra vizvanAtha ne citrakAvya ko kAvya bheda na mAnakara kevala 'dhvani aura guNIbhUta vyaGgaya' ko hI kAvya bheda mAnA hai / kyoMki 'rasAtmaka kAvya rUpa kAvya kI sImA ke bhItara isa prakAra kI kAvya racanA nahIM A sakatI / mammaTa ke citra nAmaka eka tIsare kAvya bheda ke svIkAra karane ke sambandha meM kavirAja vizvanAtha ne isa prakAra likhA hai 'zabdacitraM vAkyacitramavyaGgayaM tvavaraM smRtam / iti / " tanna, yadi hi avyaGgyatvena vyaGgyAbhAvastadA tasya kAvyatvamapi nAstIti prAgevoktam / ISadvyaGgyatvamiti ceta, kiM nAmeSadvyaGgyatvam? AsvAdya vyaGgyatvam, anAsvAdyavyaGgyatvaM vA ? Adye prAcInabhedayorevAntaH pAtaH / dvitIye tvakAvyatvam / yadi cAsvAdyatvaM tadA'kSudratvameva kSudratAyAmanAsvAdyatvAt / taduktaM dhvanikRtA- . "pradhAnaguNabhAvAbhyAM ubhe kAvye vyavasthite vyaGga yasyaivaM tato'nyadyattaccitramabhidhIyate 1158 """ iti paNDita rAja ke vicAra se kAvya ke cAra bheda haiM- (1) uttamottama, (2) uttama, (3) madhyama aura (4) adhama / jisa kAvya meM zabdArtha apane ko gauNa karake vyaMjanAvRtti se kisI camatkAra janaka artha ko abhivyakta kare vaha uttamottama kAvya hotA hai / isI ko anya AcAryoM 1 dhvani kAvya kahA hai / jisameM apradhAna vyaGgya hI camatkAra kAraNa ho, vaha uttama nAmaka dvitIya kAvya bheda hai" / jahA~ vyaGgaya camatkAra aura vAcya camatkAra eka adhikaraNa meM na ho vahA~ kAvya kA madhyama nAmaka bheda hotA hai / jisa vAkya meM vAkyArtha ke camatkAra se upaskRta hokara zabda kA camatkAra pradhAna ho usako adhama kAvya kahate haiM / jahA~ mukhyataH rasa bhAva Adi kI abhivyaMjanA hotI hai, vaha uttamottama kAvya avazya hai, ko kAvya kI sImA se bahiSkRta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA" / parantu anya racanAoM

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*150/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana dhvanikAvya ke bhedoM kA parigaNana karane se pUrva dhvani ke sambandha meM kucha vicAra kara lenA Avazyaka hai / dhvani zabda 'dhvan zabde' se uNAdi i pratyaya karane para niSpanna hotA hai / vaiyAkaraNoM ne pradhAnabhUta sphoTa rUpa vyaGgya ke vyaMjaka zabda ke liye dhvani zabda kA vyavahAra kiyA hai / nAgeza bhaTTa ne likhA hai- 'pUrvapUrvavarNAnubhavAhita saMskAra sacivenAntya varNAnubhavenAbhivyajyate sphoTaH iti / AcArya abhinavagupta ke anusAra dhvani zabda kA vyutpattimUlaka pA~ca artha hai 1. dhvanati yaH sa vyaJjakaH zabdaH dhvaniH - jo dhvanita kare vaha vyaMjaka zabda dhvani hai| 2. dhvanati dhvanayati vA yaH saH vyaJjako'rthaH dhvaniH - jo dhvanita kare yA karAye vaha vyaMjaka artha dhvani hai| - 3. dhvanyate iti dhvaniH - jo dhvanita kiyA jAye vaha dhvani hai| isameM rasa, alaGkAra aura vasturUpa vividha vyaGgya Ate haiM / 4. dhvanyate anena iti dhvaniH - jisake dvArA dhvanita kiyA jAya, vaha dhvani hai / isase vyaMjanAzakti ko samajhanA cAhie / 5. dhvanyate 'sminniti dhvaniH - jisameM rasa, alaGkAra aura vastu dhvanita ho arthAt vyaGgyapradhAna kAvya dhvani hai / isa prakAra AlaGkArikoM ne dhvani zabda kA prayoga pA~ca bhinna-bhinna parantu paraspara sambaddha arthoM meM kiyA hai 1 dhvani mArga kA avalambana karane se kavipratibhA Anantya ko prApta hotI hai / prAcIna bhAvoM yA arthoM ko grahaNa kara likhI gayI kavitA dhvani ke saMsparza se nUtana camatkAra kI utpAdikA hotI hai / jisa prakAra basanta Rtu meM navIna pallava evaM puSpoM ke udgata se saba vRkSa naye se pratIta hone lagate haiM, usI prakAra kAvya meM rasa ke dvArA pUrvadRSTa padArtha bhI naye kI taraha dikhAyI par3ane lagate haiM / dhvani ke bheda : dhvani ke ananta bheda batAye gaye haiM / phira bhI mukhyataH lakSaNAmUla dhvani evaM abhidhAmUla dhvani (avivakSitavAcyavivakSitAnyaparvAcya) ke bheda se do prakAra ke batAye gaye haiM / unameM avivakSitavAcyadhvani ko arthAntarasaMkramita vAcya evaM atyanta tiraskRta vAcya ke bheda se do prakAra kA kahA gayA hai / vivakSitAnya para vAcya dhvani ke asaMlakSya krama vyaGgya evaM saMlakSya krama vyaGgya ke bheda se do bheda kahe gaye haiM / asaMlakSya krama vyaGgaya dhvani ke bhItara rasa, dhvani, bhAvadhvani, rasAbhAsa, bhAvAbhAsa,

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SaSTha adhyAya /151 bhAvodaya, bhAva-zAnti, bhAva-sandhi, bhAva-zabalatA Adi bheda hote haiM / asaMlakSya krama vyaGgaya dhvani padagata, padAzagata, varNa racanA prabandha gata bhI hotA hai | saMlakSyakrama vyaGgaya - (1) zabda zaktyuttha (2) arthazaktyuttha (3) zabdArthomaya zaktyuttha ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA kahA gayA hai / zabdazaktyuttha - (1) vastu dhvani (2) alaMkAra dhvani ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai" arthazaktyutthadhvani - (1) svataH sambhavI (2) kavi prauDhokti (3) kavi nibaddha vaktri prauDhokti ina tIna prakAra ke bheda se vastu se vastu dhvani alaMkAra se alaMkAra dhvani, vastu se alaMkAra dhvani evaM alaMkAra se vastu dhvani ke bheda se 12 prakAra kA varNana kiyA gayA . hai / parantu paM. rAja jagannAtha kavi nibaddha vakina prauDhokti ko kavi prauDhokti ke bhItara hI mAnakara isa bheda ko alaga se nahIM mAnate haiM / isake atirikta yaha 12 prakAra kA arthazaktyutthadhvani bhI prabandhagata bhI hotA hai / AcArya mammaTa ne likhA hai - "prabandho'pyartha zaktibhUH172 zabdArthomaya zaktyuttha dhvani kevala eka hI prakAra kA hotA hai zeSa dhvani padagata aura vAkyagata donoM meM hote haiM / isa prakAra dhvani ke 35 bheda bana jAte haiM / sampUrNa ko padagata vAkyagata karane se tathA zabdArthomayazaktyuttha ko jor3a dene se dhvani ke sAmAnyataH 51 bheda ho jAte haiM / inameM bhI nIra-kSIra nyAya hone se aura kahIM tila-taNDula nyAya (saMsRSTi) rUpa meM milane se dhvani ke bahula bheda niSpanna ho jAte haiM / (sAhityadarpaNakAra dhvani ke yoga ko 5304 aura zuddha 51 bheda ko jor3a dene se 5355 dhvani bheda mAne haiM) jisakA vivaraNa yahA~ vistRta kalevara hone ke kAraNa nahIM kiyA jA rahA hai / isake atirikta jahA~ dhvani kI pradhAnatA nahIM hotI kintu apradhAna ho jAtA hai vahA~ guNIbhUta vyaGgaya hotA hai / isa guNIbhUta vyaGgaya ke bhI ATha bheda batAye gaye haiM / isa prakAra dhvani kA parivAra vizAla evaM ananta hai / jayodaya mahAkAvya meM dhvani vivecana vastu dhvaniH vastu dhvani ke lie eka udAharaNa para dRSTipAta kIjie - "hRdaye jayasya vimale pratiSThitA cAnubimbitA mAlA / magnAmagnatayAbhAt smarazarasantatiriva vizAlA // 77 yahA~ sulocanA dvArA pahanAye gaye mAlA jo jayakumAra ke nirmala vakSasthala para pratiSThita evaM pratibimbita huI / nirmala vastu meM pratibimba kA par3anA svAbhAvika hotA hai / yahA~ jaya

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152/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana ke vakSasthala ko nirmala batAyA gayA hai usake Upara par3I huI mAlA pratibimbita ho rahI hai| ataeva vakSasthala para bhI mAlA kA honA tathA bhItara bhI pahu~ca jAnA dhasa jAnA siddha hotA hai / isa varNana se yaha dikhAyA gayA hai ki kAmadeva ke bANoM kI paramparA jaya ke antara taka praviSTa ho gayI / vaha kAmAhata ho gayA / sakAma ho gayA / isa mahAkAvya ke anya sthaloM meM bhI vastu-dhvani kI manorama chaTA hai - "sakalAsu kalAsu paNDitAH sutanorAlaya ityakhaNDitAH / na manAgapi tatra zazramuH pratidezaM pratikarma nirmamuH // 78 isameM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki sulocanA ko sajAne vAlI usakI sakhiyA~ sampUrNa kalAoM meM paNDitA thI / ataeva ve saba sulocanA ke pratyeka aGgoM ko paripUrNa rUpa meM alaGkRta karane meM thor3A bhI vilamba nahIM kI arthAt unheM kucha bhI AyAsa nahIM karanA par3A / isase yaha dhvani nikalatI hai ki sulocanA kI sakhiyA~ kuzala thI / isI prakAra isI sarga ke Age ke zloka para bhI dhyAna deM - "alikocitasImni kuntalAvibabhUvuH sutanoranAkulAH / suvizeSaka dIpasambhavA vilasantyo'jjanarAjayo na vA // 179 - yahA~ sundarI sulocanA ke lalATa pradeza meM sajAye gaye kezoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| ve saje hue keza zubha tilaka rUpa meM dIpakotpanna kajjala samUha to nahIM hai / yahA~ saMzaya sandehAlaMkAra dvArA utpanna kiyA gayA hai| isase yaha dhvani nikalatI hai ki sundarI sulocanA ke kezapAza atyanta kAle the / isI prakAra Age ke zlokaM meM bhI yaha dhvani darzanIya hai -- "sutanornidadhatsu cArutAM svayamevAvayaveSu vizrutAm / ucitAM bahuzasyavRttitAmadhunA'laGkaraNAnyagurhi tAm // 180 yahA~ bhI yaha dhvanita ho rahA hai ki sulocanA svabhAva sundara thI / alaGkAra dhvaniH jayodaya mahAkAvya meM alaGkAra dhvani kA bahuzaH prayoga huA hai / yathA"asamAptavibhUSaNaM satIradhibhittiskhaladambaraM yatIH / paTaha pratinAdasaMvazA khalu hAvalirujjahAsa sA // 181 yahA~ jayakumAra ko dekhane ke liye striyA~ utkaNThita hokara cala pdd'ii| usa samaya prAsAda bhavana kI paMkti nagAr3oM kI dhvani se guMja cukI thii| adhure hI AbhUSaNa ko dhAraNa kara vastroM ke gira jAne se ve striyA~ nagna kI bhA~ti pratIta ho rahI thI tathA dIvAla kA sahArA lekara cala rahI thii| lagatA thA mAno prAsAda puMja dekhakara ha~sa rahI hoM /

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SaSTha adhyAya / 153 jaDa padArtha prAsAda pakti ha~sI kahA~ se kara sakatI hai / parantu usameM cetana kA Aropa karake kavi ne varNana kiyA hai / isa prakAra yahA~ utprekSA alaGkAra hai / hAvali para cetana ke kAryoM kA samAropa hone ke kAraNa utprekSA se samAsokti dhvanita ho rahI hai / eka aura udAharaNa yathA "kaku bhAmagurUtthalepanAni zikhinAmambudabhAMsi dhUpajAni / / khatamAlatamAMsi khe sma bhAnti bhavinAM truTa'daghaddhavIniyAnti // 182 havana kiye gaye dhUpa se utpanna hue dhue~ AkAza meM phailate samaya dizAoM meM agara ke lepa ke samAna pratIta hue / evaM mayUroM ke liye megha sadRza pratIta hue aura bhavya jIvoM ke liye bhagna apane pApoM ke AkAra meM pratIta hue / isa prakAra yahA~ ullekhAlaMkAra vAcya hai jisase upamA aura aprastuta prazaMsA dhvanita ho rahI hai / isI prakAra Age ke zlokoM meM bhI yaha dhvani draSTavya hai... "nanu tatkarapallave sumatvaM pathi te vyomani tArakoktimatvam / janayanti tadujjhitAH sma lAjA nipatanto'gnimukhe tu jambharAjAH // 83 isa padya meM yaha varNana kiyA gayA hai ki sulocanA aura jayakumAra ke pariNaya saMskArAvasara ghara vara aura vadhU donoM ne apane kara pallavoM se havana ke uddezya se jo lAjA ko chor3Avaha hAtha meM grahaNa karate samaya puSpa sadRza pratIta huI aura Upara se chor3ate samaya AkAza meM tArAoM (nakSatra) ke sadRza pratIta huI evaM agni ke mukha meM par3ate samaya agni ke danta paMkti ke samAna anubhava meM AyI / isa prakAra usa lAjA ke mAna vikalpotthAna kiye gaye haiM jo ullekhAlaGkAra ko spaSTa karatA hai / isa ullekha se yahA~ utprekSA vyaMjita ho rahI hai| isI prakAra isake pUrva prathama sarga meM hI vyatirekAlaGkAra dhvani draSTavya hai - "bhavAdbhavAna bhedamavApa caGga bhavaH sa gaurIM nijamardhamaGgam / / cakAra cAdo jagadeva tena gaurIkRtaM kintu yazomayena // '84 yahA~ jayakumAra kA varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki yaha mahAdeva se vilakSaNa hai kyoMki mahAdeva Adhe aGga meM pArvatI ko rakha sake haiM (ardhanArIzvara hone se Adhe aGga meM pArvatI kI racanA kara sake haiM) parantu isa rAjA ne apane akhaNDa yaza se sAre jagat ko gaurI banA liyA hai / arthAta zaMkara ne kevala eka aGga meM gaurI kA nirmANa kiyA aura yaha sAre jagata ko gaurI banA diyA / isaliye vyatirekAlaGkAra hai / jisase utprekSA, apahRti evaM bhrAntimAn dhvanita ho rahA hai| ___ jayakumAra ke bhujadaNDa sarparAja zeSa ke samAna lambe the indra ke airAvata hAthI ke zuNDadaNDa ko bhI parAjita kara cuke the| yaha pRthvI unake bhujadaNDa ke Azrita sudRr3ha bana gayI / isI zoka se mAno zeSanAga zveta ho gye| isa ramya bhAva kA darzana kareM

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154/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana ahIna lambe bhujama daNDe vinirjitAkhaNDalazuNDizuNDe / parAyaNAyAM bhuvi bhupateH sa zuceva zuklatvamavApa zeSaH // 185 yahA~ bhI vAcyotprekSA se vyatireka dhvanita ho rahI hai| "zrIpAdapadmadvitayaM jinAnAM tasthau svakIye hRdi sandadhAnA / deveSu yacchradvadhatAM nabhasyA bhavanti sadyaH phalitAH samasyAH // ''86 sulocanA kA manoratha saphala kaise hogA ? isa hetu sulocanA apane citta meM bhagavAn jina ke caraNakamala dvaya ko hRdaya se dhAraNa kI thI kyoMki devoM para zraddhA rakhane vAle vyakti kI AkAzIya samasyAe~ bhI (asambhAvya vAMchAe~ bhI) saphala ho jAtI hai / yahA~ arthAntaranyAsa alaMkAra hai jisase jinakI udAttatA vyaMjita hone ke kAraNa udAtta alaGkAra dhvanita ho rahA hai / munigata sulocanA kI rati bhI vyaGgaya hai / guNIbhUta vyaGgaya : jayodaya mahAkAvya meM guNIbhUta vyaGgaya ke eka udAharaNa para dRSTipAta kareM"nipIya mAtaGgaghaTAnagodhaM spRzantyarINAM taduro'pyamogham / vAmA dhvanAmAtmamataM nivedya yasyAsiputrI samudApyate'dya // 187 yahA~ jayakumAra kI kSurikA vAma mArga nAma se kahI gayI hai / vaha zatruoM ke hAthiyoM ke maNDala kA raktapAna kara tathA zatruoM ke vakSasthala kA sparza karatI huI utkRSTa batalAyI gayI hai / isase kSurikA kI tIkSNatA vyaMjita ho rahI hai / yaha vyaGgaya vAkyArtha kI apekSA adhika camatkArAdhAyaka na hokara usI kA upakAraka bana jAtA hai / rAjA kI talavAra asiputrI batAyI gayI hai / arthAt putrI hokara bhI vAma mArga ko apanAne vAlI hai / 'mAtaGga' zabda zliSTa hone ke kAraNa cANDAla artha ko bhI vyakta karatA hai / isa prakAra vaha asi-putrI cANDAla ke ghar3e kA rakta pIkara prasannatApUrvaka zatruoM ke hRdaya kA apratihata gati se AliGagana karatI hai| isa vAcyArtha meM camatkAra adhika hai / asi (khaGga) para putrI kA Aropa evaM 'mAtaGga' zabda se cANDAla tathA ghaTa se ghar3A rUpa artha bodhakara vAmamArgiNI putrI ke vyavahAra kA khaga para Aropa kiyA gayA hai, jisase dhvani pradhAna na hokara adhika camatkArAdhAyaka hone se samAsokti alaMkAra adhika camatkArAdhAyaka bana jAtA hai / ataeva yaha guNIbhUta vyaGgaya madhyama kAvya hai| artha zaktyuttha vastu se vastudhvani : prakRta mahAkAvya isa dhvani se achUtA nahIM hai / isa dhvani kA ramya udAharaNa mahAkavi ke varNana meM draSTavya hai

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SaSTha adhyAya / 155 "santi gehiSu ca sajjanA ahA bhoga saMsRti zarIra niH spRhAH / tattvavartmaniratA yataH sucitprastareSu maNayo'pi hi kvacit // 1188 yahA~ varNana kiyA gayA hai ki gRhasthoM meM bhI katipaya sajjana aise hote haiM jo saMsAra zarIra aura bhogoM se spRhA zUnya hote haiM kyoMki ve tattva mArga meM rata rahate haiM / ThIka hI hai kahIM-kahIM sundara pattharoM meM bahumUlyavAn maNi bhI mila jAte haiM / isa vAkyArtha rUpa vastu se yaha dhvani nikalatI hai ki gRhastha mArga meM bhI katipaya vyakti AsaktihIna hote haiM / vyabhicArI bhAva kI vyaGgayatA : prakRta grantha se isa dhvani kA eka udAharaNa dekheM - yathA 'pariNatA vipadekatamA yadi padamabhRnmama bho itarA padi / patitujo'nucitaM tu parAbhavaM zraNati somasutasya jayo bhavan // ' 189 isa padya meM cintAbhAva vyaMjita hai / arkakIrti aura jayakumAra ke yuddha meM jayakumAra ko vijaya prApta ho jAne para kAzI nareza mahArAja akampana kA kathana hai ki he bhagavan / sulocanA sambandhI eka vipatti to dUra huI parantu aba dUsarI vipatti ke sthAna ko hama prApta ho gye| kyoMki arkakIrti se jaya kI Thana gayI hai / isa ukti se rAjA kI cintA vyaMjita hone se yahA~ bhAva dhvani hai / yaha cintA hI uttarottara zAnti kI vyavasthApikA banatI hai / mahArAja cakravartI bharata ke pAsa kAzI nareza akampana dvArA dUta kA bhejanA evaM bharata dvArA akampana ke kRtyoM kA samarthana zAnti kI puSTi karatA hai / vigraha nivRtti hetu hI arkakIrti kI akSamAlA arpaNa kI gayI hai / uttarottara sargoM kA itivRtta zama sthAyizAnta kI ora hI unmukha dikhAyI de rahA hai| "kaceSu telaM zravasoH phulelaM tAmbUlamAsye hRdi puSpite'lam / nAsAdhivAsArthamasau samAsAtsamasti lokasya kilAbhilASA // 90 yahA~ kezoM meM tela lagAnA kAnoM meM itra Adi kA potanA, mukha meM tAmbUla rakhanA, vakSasthala para puSpamAlA dhAraNa karanA, nAsikA dvArA sugandhita vastu kA sevana karanA Adi ye saba kRtya loka kI hI icchAe~ haiM / parantu mananazIla muniyoM kI paddhati isase bhinna hai jaisA ki isI sarga ke zloka saMkhyA solaha meM dikhAyA gayA hai| "ziroguroraM dhi dhurorajobhiruraH puraH pAMzu paraM suzobhi / phutkAraputkA khalu karNapAlItyadantamRSTasya muneH praNAlI || 91 arthAt manuSya ko cAhie ki apane mastaka ko guru ke caraNa raja se sampRkta kareM

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156/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana tathA sammukha (daNDavat) Adi praNAma prakriyAoM ke dvArA vakSasthala ko bhI dhuli se alaGkata kare tathA mantroM ke phutkAra dvArA arthAt mantra dIkSA dvArA karNa pAlI (karNa paMkti) ko pavitra kareM / jo abhI mananazIla evaM jitendriya nahIM haiM unake liye yaha paddhati batalAyI gayI hai| aparAdhayukta vyakti guru ke samIpa pahu~cane ke liye yatnazIla hotA huA bhI pandraha dina yA eka mAha paryanta udyoga tatpara hokara sundara buddhi ko pAkara lezyA vizuddhi prApta karatA hai / usa sthiti meM bhikSA caraNa ke dvArA nirvAha kara anta:karaNa ko nirmala banAyA jAtA hai / yaha bhaikSa zuddhi aparAdha kA utpAdaka nahIM hotA hai / yaha gRhastha jIvana se Upara uThane vAle vyakti ke liye kahA gayA hai / yathA "ApakSamAsaM vrajato'pi manturgurUnurUdyogaparo'pi gantum / lezyAvizuddhiM labhate subuddhi vAparAdhyatyapi bhaikSyazuddhim // 3 zarIra ke prati ghRNA buddhi utpanna kara ekAnta sevana kI ora bala diyA gayA hai / jo isI sarga ke Age ke zloka se abhivyakta hai "zarIramAtraM malamUtrakUNDaM samIkSamANo'pi malAdijhuNDam / tyajedajetavyatayA virodhyamekAntamekAntatayA vizodhya // 194 isa padya meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki mala-mUtra kA pAtra sArA zarIra hai| yaha vicAra karate hue bhI kintu jItane kI kSamatA na hone ke kAraNa ekAnta meM mana se vicAra kara nizcala rUpa se virodyotpAdaka vastuoM kA parityAga kareM / isI prakAra zAnta ko utkRSTa banAne ke liye hI Age ke zlokoM meM usake sAdhana isa prakAra batAye gaye haiM ki jisa prakAra patnI ko grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai usI ke sadRza parizramamAtra se prApta upakaraNa ke dvArA jIvana nirvAha karanA ucita hotA hai / isa zarIra ko jalate hue kuTIra ke samAna samajhanA cAhie evaM Apatti kAla meM bhI AsaktihIna hokara isako chor3ane ke liye utsuka honA cAhie / yathA - "zramaikasamvAhi kilAbhijalpanvinirvahatyAttakalatrakalpaH / jvalatkuTIropamametadaGga mApatkSaNe moktu mudetyasaGgaH // 95 isa zloka dvArA ekAnta nivAsa evaM zarIra ke prati anAsthA utpanna karAyI gayI hai| sarga kI samApti meM yaha lakSya batAyA gayA hai ki satkartavya mArga kA upadeza karanA, apavarga arthAt nitya sukha-nizcala zAnti ko prApta karane ke liye sAdhana haiM / "sadAcAravihIno'pi sadAcAraparAyaNaH / sa rAjApi tapasvI. san samakSo'pyakSarodhakaH // arthAt yaha guptacara evaM dUtoM se sadA ke liye rahita huA tathA sajjanoM ke kiye gaye

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SaSTha adhyAya / 157 AcArita mArga meM tatpara huA / rAjA hote hue bhI tapasvI banA / samadRSTi rakhate hue bhI indriyoM ke viSaya sambandhI vyApAra kA nivAraka banA / isI prakAra Age ke zlokoM meM bhI mahAkavi ne varNana kiyA hai jo dekhane yogya hai 44 " he rayaiverayAvyAptaM bhoginAmadhinAyaka : parimuktavAn ahInaH sarpavattAvatkaJcukaM arthAt yaha vilAsiyoM kA svAmI thA / parantu jisa prakAra sarpoM kA rAjA sarpoM kI bhA~ti apane hI kaMcuka kA tyAga karatA hai, vaise hI jayakumAra bhI dhana sampatti se vyApta nahIM rahA apitu usase mukta banA sampUrNa saMyama meM tatpara hokara paMcamuSTi bhikSATana para hI apane bhAgya ko avalambita kiyA tathA pApoM ko ukhAr3a pheMkA / isa prakAra pUre mahAkAvya se zAnta rasa dhvani abhivyakta hotI hai / anya rasa aGga hokara Aye hue haiM, jisakA vivecana pUrva meM kiyA jA cukA hai / dhyAtavya hai ki isa mahAkAvya meM dhvani kA digdarzana hI merA abhISTa rahA hai / samagra dhvaniyoM kA anveSaNa nahIM / ataH merA dhvani vivecana ati vistAra ko nahIM prApta kara skaa| *** 1 phuTa noTa kA. pra. sU. 88/68 pU. 1. (a) mAdhuyajaH prasAdAkhyAstrayaste na punardaza / (ba) zleSaH samAdhiraudAryaH prasadA iti ye punaH || guNAzcirantanairUktA ojasyantarbhavati te / mAdhurya vyaJjakatvaM yadasamAsasya darzitam / pRthakpadatvaM mAdhuryaM tenaivAGgIkRtaM punaH / arthavyakteH prasAdAkhya guNenaiva parigrahaH / arthavyaktiH padAnAM hi jhaTityarthasamarpaNam / grAmyaduH zravatAtyAgAtkAntizca sukumAratA // kvaciddoSastu samatA mArgAbheda svarUpiNI / anyathoktaguNeSvasyA antaH pAto yathAyatham / ojaH prasAdo mAdhuryaM saukumAryamudAratA / tadabhAvasya doSatvAtsvIkRtA arthagA guNAH // arthavyaktiH svabhAvoktyalaGkAreNa tathA punaH / rasadhvani guNIbhUta vyaGgayAnAM kaantinaamk| zleSo vicitratAmAtramadoSaH samatA param / na guNatvaM samAdhezca tena nArthaguNAH pRthak / sA. da. 8 / 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 197 2. vAmana - kA. sU. vR. 3/2/6 3. sA. da. 8 /2 pU. 4. AhlAdakatva mAdhurya zRGgAre drutikAraNam / 5. saMbhoge karuNe vipralambhe zAnte'dhikaM kramAt // sA. da. 8 /2 6. muni vargAntyavarNena yuktASTaThaDaDhAnvinA / raNau laghu ca tadvayaktau varNAH kAraNatAM gtaaH|| avRttiralpavRttirvA madhurA racanA tathA / sA. da. 8/3, 4 pU. kA. pra. sU. 89/68 utta. 7. ja. ma. 10/111 9. ojazcittasya vistArarUpaM dIptatvamucyate // 8. ja. ma. 10/119 -

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158/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana vIra vIbhatsa raudreSu krameNAdhikyamasyatu / - sA. da. 8/4 utta.5 pU. 10. vargasyAdyatRtIyAbhyAM yuktau varNau tadantimau // uparyadyo dvayorvA sarephau TaThaDadvaiH saha / zakArazca SakArazca tasya vyaJjakatA gatAH // tathA samAso bahulA ghttnauddhtyshaalinii| - sA. da. 8/5 utta. 6, 7 pU. 11. ja. ma. 8/13 12. ja. ma. 8/14 13.vahI. 7/46 14. cittaM vyapnoti yaH kSipraM zuSkandhanamivAnala // sa prasAdaH samasteSu raseSu racanAsu ca / __ - sA. da. 8/7 utta. 8 pU. 15. kA. pra. 8/70 16. ja. ma. 5/96 17.ja. ma. 10/82 18.nA. zA. 14/36 19. pRthivyAM nAnAdezevazabhASAcAravArtAH sthApaparIti pravRttiH / - nA. zA. 20. harSa ca. pra. uccha 1/7 21. tadabhedAstu na zakyante vaktuM pratikavisthitAH / - kAvyAdarza 22. iti vaidarbhamArgasya prANA dazaguNAH smRtAH / eSAM viparyayo prAyo dRzyaye gauDavartmani - kA. 1/42 23. rItirAtmA kAvyasya / / -- kAvyAlaGkAra sUtra 1/2/6 24. viziSTa pada racanA rItiH / - kAvyAlaGkAra sUtra 1/2/7 25. kAvyAlaGkAra sUtra 1/2/12 26. vahI. 1/2/12 27.vahI. 1/2/13 28. guNAnAzritya tiSThantI, mAdhurmAdIn vyanakti sA / rasAn .............. - dhavanyAloka 3/6 29. padasaMghaTanA rItiraGgasaMsthAvizeSavat / upakartI rasAdInAM sA punaH syAccaturvidhA // - sA. da. 9/1 30. vaidarbhI cAtha gauDI ca pAJcAlI laTikA tathA / - sA. da. 9/2 pR. 31. aspRSTadoSamAtrAbhiH samagraguNaguphiMtA / vipaJcIsvarasaubhAgyA vaidarbhI rItiriSyate // ___- kAvyAlaGkAra sUtra vRtti 32. sativaztari satyarthe sati zabdAnuzAsane / asti tanna vinA yena parisravati vAGmathu // - kAvyAlaGkAra sUtra vRtti tAsAM pUrvA grAhya gunnsaaklyaat| vahI. 1/2/14 na punaritare staki gunntvaat| vahI. 1/2/15 tadupArohAdarthaguNalezo'pi / vahI. 1/2/2 kintvastikAcidapareva padAnupUrvI, yasyAM na kiJcadapi kiJcidivAvabhAti / Anandayatyatha ca karNapathaM prayAtA, cetaH satAmamRtavRSTiriva praviSTA // kAvyA. sU. vR. vacasi yamadhigamya syandate vAcaka zrI - vitathamavitathatvaM yatra vastu prayAti / udayati hi sa tAdRk kvApi vaidarbharItau, sahRdayahRdayAnAM raJjakaH ko'pi pAkaH / kAvyA. sU. vR. 33. vAgvaidarbhI madhurimaguNaM syandate zrotralehyam / / __ vA. rA. 3/14 34. sukumArAbhidhaH so'yaM yena satkavayo gatAH / mArgeNotphullakusumakAnaneneva SaTpadAH // va. jI. 1/29

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SaSTha adhyAya /159 so'tiduH saMcaro yena vidagdhakavayo gatAH SaGgadhArApaneva subhaTa nAM manorathA:va. jI. 1/43 35. tattvaspRzaste kavayaH purANAH zrI bhatameNThapramukhA jayanti / / nistriMzedhArAsadRzena yeSAM vaidarbhamArgeNa giraH pravRttA // - nava. sA. ca. 1/5 36. anabhravRSTiH zravaNAmRtasya sarasvatIvibhramajanmabhUmiH / vaidarbharItiH kRtinAmudeti saubhAgyalAma pratimaH padAnAm // - vikra. de. ca. 1/9 37. Adi svAduSuH yA parA kavayatAM kASThA yadArohaNe / / yA te niH zvasitaM navApi ca rasA yatra svadantetarAm / pAJcAlItiparamparAparicito vAdaH kavInAM paraM, vaidarbhI yadi saiva vAci kimitaH svarge'pavarge'pi vA // - na. ca. 3/18 38. dhanyAsi vaidarbhI guNairudauraryayA samAkRSyata naiSadho'pi / itaH stutiH kA khalu candrikAyA yadabdhimapyuttaralokarIti // - nai. ma. 3/116 39. mAdhuryavyaJjakevaNe racanA lalitAtmikA || avRttiralpavRttirvA vaidarbhI rItiriSyate / ___ - sA. da. 9/2 utta. 3 pU. 40. ja. ma. 10/117 41.ja. ma. 10/119 42. ojaH prakAzakairvaNairbandha ADambaraH punaH / samAsa bahulA gauDI / - sA. da. 9/3 utta. 4 pR. 43. ja. ma. 8/13 44. ja. ma. 8/14 45. vaNe zeSaiH punardvayoH / samastapaJcaSapado bandhaH pAJcAlikA matA // _ -sA. da. 9/4 pU. evaM 4 utta. 46. ja. ma. 5/96 47. vahI. 6/128 48. lATI tu rItirvaidarbhI pAJcAlyorantare sthitA / - sA. da. 9/5 pU. 49. ja. ma. 8/41 50. ja. ma. 8/46 51.bhAmaha kA. 1/16 52. rudraTa, kAvyA. 2/1 53. vAmana 1/ 1 54.hemacandra, pRSTha-16 55. vAgbhaTa, pRSTha-14 56.pratAparudre vidyAnAtha, pRSTha-42 57. ekA. vi. pRSTha-113 58.sA. da. ca. pari. pRSTha-291 se 292 59 yatra vyaGgyaprAdhAnemeva saccamatkArakAraNaM tadvitIyam / - rasagaGgA, pRSTha-61 60. yatra vyaGgyacamatkArAsamAnAdhikaraNe vAcyacamatkArastattRtIyam // - rasagaGgAdhara pRSTha-70 61. yastu 'rasavadevakAvyam' iti sAhityadarpaNenirNItam, tanna, vastvalaGkArapradhAnAnAM kAvyAnAmakAvyatvApatteH / na ceSTA''pattiH, mahAkavisampradAyasyAkulobhAvaprasaGgAt / tathA ca jala pravAha vega nipatanotpatana bhramaNAni kavibhirvarNitAni kapibAlAdivilAsitAni c| na ca tannApi kathaJcit paramparayA rasaspazo'styevetivAcyam, IdRzarasasparzasya 'gozcalati' 'mRgo dhAvani' ityAdAvatiprasaktatvenAprayojakatvAt / arthamAtrasya vibhA vAnubhAvavyabhicAryanyatamatvAditi dik / - rasagaGgAdhara 62. dRSTapUrvA apihyAH kAvye rasaparigrahAt / sarvenavA ivAbhAnti madhumAsa iva drumAH // - dhvanyAloka 4/4

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160 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 63. bhedau dhvanerapi dvAbadIritau lakSaNAbhidhAmUlau / avivakSita vAcyo'nyo vivakSitAnyaparavAcyazca // 64. arthAntaraM saMkramite vAcye'tyantaM tiraskRte / avivakSitavAcyo'pi dhvanidvaividhyamRcchati // 65. vivakSitAbhidheyo'pi dvibhedaH prathamaM mataH / asaMlakSyakramo yatra vyaGgayo lakSya kramastathA / / 66. tatrAdyo rasabhAvAdireka evAtra gaNyate / eko'pi bhedo'nantatvAt saMkhyeyastasya naiva yat // 67. padAMzavarNaracanAprabandheSvasphuTakramaH / 68. zabdArthobhayazaktyutthe vyaGgaye'nusvAnasannibhe / dhvanirlakSyakrama vyaGgayastrividhaH kathito budhaiH // 69. vastvalaGkArarUpatvAcchabda zaktyudbhavo dvidhA / 70. vastu vAlaGkatirvApi dvidhArthaH sambhavI svataH // kaveH prauDhoktisiddho vA tannibaddhasya veti SaT / SaDbhistairvyajyamAnastu vastvalaGkAra rUpakaH // arthazaktyudbhavo vyaGgayo yati dvAdazabhedatAm / 71. prabandho'pi mato dhIrairarthazaktyudbhavo dhvaniH / 72. kA. pra. 4/42 73. ekaH zabdArthazaktyutthe tadaSTAdazadhA dhvaniH / vAkye zabdArthazaktyuthatstadanye padavAkyayoH / 74. tadevamekapaJcAzadbhedAstasya dhvanermatAH / 75. saGkareNa trirUpeNa saMsRScaTyA caikarUpayA / - 77. ja. ma. 6/126 81. vahI. 10/67 - sA. da. 4/2 vahI. 4/3 vahI. 4/4 vahI. 4/5 vahI. 4/11 pU. vahI. 4/6 vahI. 4/7 pU. - sA.da. 4/7 utta., 8, 9 pR. vahI. 4/10 utta. vahI. 4 / 9 utta. 10 pR. sA. da. 4 / 11 utta. vahI. 4/12 vedakhAgnizarAH (5304) zuddhairiSubANAgnisAyakA: ( 5355) // 76. aparaM tu guNIbhUta vyaGgayaM vAcyAdanuttame vyaGgaye / tatra syAditarAGgaM kAkvAkSiptaM ca vAcyasiddhayaGgam // saMdigdhaprAdhAnyaM tulyaprAdhAnyamasphuTamaguDham / vyaGgyamasundaramevaM bhedAstasyoti // 79. vahI. 10/33 83. vahI. 12/71 78. ja. ma. 10/32 82.ja. ma. 12/68 86. vahI. 1/68 90. ja. ma. 27/15 85. ja. ma. 1/25 89. vahI. 9/2 87. ja. ma. 1/34 91. vahI. 27/16 92. jaha geruveNa kuGDo lippaDa leveNa Ama piTTheNa / - taha pariNAmo lippaDa suhAsuhA yatti leveNa // paM. saM. (prAkRta grantha) 93. ja. ma. 27/32 94. vahI. 27136 95.ja. ma. 27/60 96. vahI. 28/5 97. ja. ma. 28/6 - - sA. da. 4/13, 14 80. ja. ma. 10/41 84.ja. ma. 1/15 88.ja. ma. 2/12 Ooo

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Wan 5) saptama - adhyAya Teled Hachi meM aucitya evaM katipaya doSa $ Wan

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| jayodaya mahAkAvya meM aucitya evaM katipaya doSa jayodaya mahAkAvya meM aucitya : anaucitya ke tyAga se aucitya kA jJAna svataH siddha ho jAtA hai, jisa prakAra ghaTa ke jJAtA vyakti ko ghaTAbhAva kA jJAna svataH siddha ho jAtA hai / jayodaya meM aucitya vimarza ke pahale usake sambandha meM AcAryoM ke tatsambandhI kathana ko abhivyakta kara denA asaMgata nahIM hogA / apitu saMgati kA sAdhana hI hai / isaliye unake upadiSTa siddhAnta ko katipaya zabdoM se vyakta kiyA jA rahA hai / saMskRta sAhitya meM aucitya para sarvaprathama vicAra nATyazAstra praNetA bharata muni ne hI vyakta kiyA hai / yadyapi unake grantha meM vizeSa vivecana nATyazAstra sambandhI haiM tathApi vahA~ nATya ke aGgoM tathA sabhI kamanIya kalAoM kA bhI pradarzana kiyA gayA hai / unakA kathana hai ki sAMsArika vyakti eka prakRti, eka caritra, eka citta eka avasthA ke nahIM hote haiN| apitu dhArmika, adhArmika, sadAcArI, durAcArI, kRtajJa, kRtaghna vividha prakAra ke hote haiM / unakI vividha avasthAoM ke citraNa se yukta loka vRtta kA anukaraNa hI nATya kahalAtA __avasthAoM kI anurUpatA isa prakAra honI cAhie ki avasthA ke anusAra veza, veza ke anusAra gati tathA kriyA gatizIlatA ke anurUpa pAThya tathA pAThya ke anurUpa abhinaya karanA cAhie / isake viruddha karane se anaucitya mAnA gayA hai / deza ke pratikUla veza dhAraNa karane se zobhA nahIM hotI hai / mekhalA ko kaNTha meM dhAraNa kiyA jAya tathA nupura ko hAtha meM dhAraNa kiyA jAya to isase zobhA na bar3hakara upahAsa hI hotA hai / isa prakAra bharata ke kathana se aucitya kA AvirbhAva avazya ho jAtA hai / bharata ke hI sUtra ko AdhAra banAkara paravartI AcAryoM ne aucitya tattva kI vistRta vyAkhyA kI hai| AcArya bharatamuni ke anantara alaMkArikoM meM prathama nAma bhAmaha kA gaNanIya hai / unake anusAra kahIM-kahIM anaucitya rUpa se pratIta doSa bhI yadi parihAra ke yogya hoM to ve doSa na hokara guNa bana jAte haiN| "sannivezavizeSAttu duruka tamapizobhate / nIlaM palAzamAbaddhamanta rAtne srajAmiva // 4 - tAtparya yaha hai ki doSa bhI kahIM-kahIM guNa rUpa meM hokara zobhA dhAyaka bana jAte haiM, jisa prakAra kAlA kajjala bhI kAminI nayana meM zobhAvardhaka ho hI jAtA hai /

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saptama adhyAya / 163 apArtha doSa ke viSaya meM daNDI kA kathana hai ki samudAya rUpa se artha zUnya prayoga apArtha kahe jAte haiM kintu ve hI yadi unmatta, matta athavA bAlaka Adi ke prayoga meM hoM to doSa na hokara kAvyopayukta bana jAte haiM / isa prakAra unake anusAra doSa kisI vizeSa paristhiti meM hI hote haiM / yadi ve paristhitiyA~ haTA dI jAya to doSa na hokara vahA~ guNa bana jAtA hai| isI prakAra kAnyakubja ke adhipati yazovarmA ke bhI samarthana milate haiM / unhoMne apane rAmAbhyudaya nATaka meM prakRta zloka prastuta kiyA hai - "aucityaM vacasAM prakR tyaMnugataM sarvatra pAtrocitA, puSTiH svAvasare rasasya ca kathAmArge nacAtika maH / zuddhiH prastutasaMvidhAnaka vidhau prauDhizca zabdArthayo, vidvadbhiH paribhAvyatAmavihitai retAvadevAstu naH // " saMbhavataH isI nATaka se bhojarAja ne bhI zRMgAra prakAza meM yaha zloka uddhRta kiyA hai| dhvanyAloka tRtIyodyota meM "kathAmArgena cAti kramaH" isa paMkti para locanakAra kI TippaNI se bhI ukta zloka yazovarmA kA hI pratIta hotA hai / AcArya rudraTa ne bhI apane kAvyAlaGkAra meM aucitya kA vivecana atyanta sUkSma rUpa se kiyA hai / alaGkAroM kA sanniveza rasa ke sAtha kisa prakAra honA cAhie, isa sambandha meM ukta grantha ke dvitIya adhyAya ke battIsaveM padya se aisA kahA hai ki- kAvya meM aucitya ke AdhAra para hI alaGkAroM kA sanniveza yathArtha ho sakatA hai / / ___ isI prakAra AnandavardhanAcArya ne bhI aucitya para pUrNabala diyA hai / AvazyakatAnusAra alaMkAroM kA samaya para grahaNa evaM samaya para tyAga karanA cAhie / ataeva anapekSita kA tyAga evaM apekSita kA upAdAna karane ke liye kisI aMza meM zAstrIya siddhAnta kA tyAga evaM camatkAra lAne ke liye kalpita aMza kA sanniveza karanA bhI ucita mAnA gayA hai / jo dhvanyAloka ke saMghaTanA nirUpaNa prasaGga meM dikhAyA gayA hai / aucitya pradarzana meM rasa ke aucitya para hI anya saba padArtha AdhArita haiM, jo dhvanyAloka ke tIsare udyota kI chaThavIM kArikA se vyakta hai / vibhAvAdi aucitya vinibandhana ke sAtha-sAtha kAvya meM aGga kA ati vistAra aGgI kA anusandhAna na karanA anaGga kA kathana prakRti viparyaya Adi doSa anaucitya para hI Azrita haiM / ina aMzoM ko kahakara tRtIyodyota meM hI anaucitya hI rasa kA parama vighAtaka hai aura jisa prakAra brahma kA sAkSAtkAra upaniSada ke kahe hue sAdhanoM se mAnA gayA hai, usI prakAra

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164/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana se rasa niSpatti meM aucitya hI mukhya kAraNa hai / yaha tattva AnandavardhanAcArya ne muktakaNTha vyakta kiyA hai| isI prakAra sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa tathA zRGgAra prakAza grantha nirmAtA bhojarAja ne bhI viruddha nAmaka doSa ko anaucitya ke Upara hI avalambita kiyA hai / deza virodha, kAla virodha, loka virodha, anumAna virodha aucitya viruddha ke antargata hI hai 14 / 1 vakroktijIvita nirmAtA kuntaka bhI aucitya kA camatkAra vyakta karate haiM / yajJAdi meM mleccha bhASAoM kA prayoga striyoM ke sAtha prAkRta chor3akara anya bhASAoM meM bhASaNa, satkulotpanna ke prati saMkIrNa bhASA kA prayoga aprabuddha janoM ke prati saMskRta zabdoM kA prayoga svabhAva ke viruddha mAnA gayA hai / isake anusAra rIti tIna prakAra kI hai - sukumAra, vicitra evaM mdhym| ina tInoM rItiyoM (mArgoM) meM samAna rUpa se rahane vAle guNa aucitya aura saubhAgya haiM 5 | isa prakAra kuntaka ne aucitya ko sabase vyApaka kAvya tattva mAnA hai / varNa vinyAsa vakratA ke vivecanAvasara meM vakratApUrNa varNa yojanA anivArya rUpa se honI cAhie, jisase prastuta aucitya suzobhita hotA hai" / jahA~ vaktA yA zrotA ke atyanta ramaNIya svabhAva ke dvArA abhidhye vastu sarvathA AcchAdita kara dI jAtI hai, vahA~ dUsare prakAra kA aucitya hotA hai" / aucitya ke viSaya meM vyakti vivekakAra mahimabhaTTa bhI Anandavardhana ke anuyAyI haiN| anaucitya ko mahimabhaTTa bhI pradhAna doSa ke rUpa meM svIkAra karate haiM 8 / vidagdha maNDala maNDita AcArya kSemendra kA aucitya tattva sabase adhika mahattva rakhatA hai / unakI amara kIrti 1 " 'aucitya vicAra carcA' hai / dazarUpakakAra ne bhI kahA hai ki sampUrNa vastu kA do bhAga karanA cAhie kucha to sUcya honA cAhie jo dRzya athavA zravya ho / nIrasa vastu anucita rUpa meM pratIta hotA hai, isaliye saMzUcya rUpa meM hI vastu kA vistAra karanA cAhie / dRzya vastu madhura udAtta rasabhAva samanvita honA caahie"| aucitya vicAra meM kSemendra ne kahA hai ki ucita vyApAra ko hI aucitya kahate haiM / aucitya ke ananta bheda kahe jA sakate haiM / kAvya ke pratyeka aGga evaM upAGga aucitya ke vyApaka prabhAva se bhare rahate haiM / kSemendra kA kathana hai ki ucita sthAna meM vinyAsa se alaGkAra - alaGkAra hotA hai evaM guNa-guNa hote haiM / yadi usake sthAna meM unakA vinyAsa sanniveza na ho to vaha alaGkAraalaGkAra nahIM evaM guNa-guNa nahIM ho sakatA" / vaha anaucitya kA rUpa hI dhAraNa karegA jaise kaNTha meM mekhalA nitamba pradeza meM muktAhAra, hAtha meM nUpura, caraNa meM aGga dhAraNa karane tathA praNata para parAkrama aura zatru para kRpA karane se kauna upahAsa kA pAtra nahIM banatA " ? yaha aucitya viruddha hone se upahAsa kA hI sthAna prApta karegA / aucitya vicAra prasaGga meM kSemendra

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ne prAya: 27 prakAra kA vicAra hetu sopAna banA rakhA hai (1) pada, (2) vAkya, (3) prabandhArtha, (4) guNa, (5) alaGkAra, (6) rasa, (7) kriyA, (8) kAraka, (9) liGga, (10) vacana, (11) vizeSaNa, (12) upasarga, (13) nipAta, (14) kAla, (15) deza, (16) kula, 9 (17) vrata, (18) tattva, (19) sattva, (20) abhiprAya, ( 21 ) sAra-saMgraha, ( 22 ) pratibhA, ( 23 ) avasthA, (24) kAvyArtha, ( 25 ) vicAra, (26) nAma (saMjJA), (27) AzIrvAda / inhIM sthAnoM meM aucitya kI suspaSTataH pratIti hotI hai / saptama adhyAya / 165 AcArya kSemendra ne yaha svIkAra kiyA hai ki kAvya kA jIvana dhAyaka aucitya hI hai / yadi aucitya nahIM hai to alaGkAra guNa, rasa Adi saba vyartha haiM / kyoMki rasa paripAka meM aucitya hI pradhAna hai / aucitya hI siddha rasa kA sthira prANa hai 24 / T 1 jayodaya mahAkAvya meM aucitya kA sanniveza paryApta hai / pratyeka sarga meM viSayAnusAra vRttacayana tathA prasAdaguNa ko apanAyA gayA hai, jisakA nidarzana avadheyArtha hai - 1. padaucitya : padaucitya ke sambandha meM aucitya vicAra carcA grantha ke nirmAtA AcArya kSemendra ne likhA hai ki jisa prakAra saradindu mukhI sundarI ke lalATa para kastUrI nirmita zyAma tilaka zobhA detA hai evaM zyAma varNa kAminI ke lalATa para zveta candana kA tilaka zobhA detA hai, usI prakAra eka bhI samucita prayoga kiyA gayA pada kAvyAtmaka vANI meM apUrva madhurimA kA saMcAra kara detA hai 25 / padaucitya se yaha mahAkAvya sarvathA otaprota hai / isake udAharaNa se koI sthala zUnya nahIM hai tathApi sthAlI pulAka nyAya se udAharaNa prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai / SaSTa sarga meM svayaMvara varNana prasaGga meM arkakIrti ke samakSa jisa samaya sulocanA pahu~catI hai aura vidyAdevI arkakIrti kA paricaya dekara unake sAtha sambandha hetu sulocanA ko maryAdAnusAra iGgita karatI hai, usa samaya sambandha yojanA meM sulocanA ko ambhojamukhi isa pada se sambodhita kiyA gayA hai / kamala kA arka arthAt sUrya ke sAtha sambandha hone meM prasannatA prApta hotI hI hai, isI dRSTi se yaha sambodhana diyA gayA hai / vidyAdevI kahatI haiM 44 'bharatezatugeSa tavAtha rateH smaravat kimarka kIrtirayam / ambhojamukhi bhavetsukhi AsyaM pazyansu hAsamayam / / 126 tAtparya yaha hai ki he kamala mukhI ! yaha cakravartI bharata kA putra arkakIrti hai, tumhAre mukha ko dekhakara vaha vaise hI prasanna ho jAyegA, jaise rati ko dekhakara kAmadeva prasanna ho jAtA hai / isa padya meM ambhoja mukhi ! yaha sambodhana padaucitya kA pUrNa paricAyaka hai / isI prakAra Age ke zlokoM meM bhI yaha aucitya manorama hai / padaucitya kA eka dUsarA udAharaNa prastuta hai -

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166 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana " dugdhIkRte'sya mugdhe yazasA nikhile jale mRSAsti satA / payaso dvivAcyatA'sau haMsasya ca tadvivecakatA // "27 prakRta padya padaucitya ke liye advitIya hai tathA isa aucitya ke poSaka ke rUpa meM akele hI paryApta hai / 2. vAkyaucitya : vAkyaucitya ke sambandha meM AcArya kSemendra ne kahA hai ki aucitya se racita vAkya kAvyAlocaka vidvat janoM ko nirantara usI prakAra abhISTa rahatA hai, jisa prakAra dAna ke dvArA sampatti kI udAttatA aura dAkSiNyAdi guNoM ke dvArA vidyA kI ujjavalatA sajjanoM ke liye abhimata hotI hai" / jayodaya mahAkAvya meM vAkyaucitya apanA vyApaka sthAna rakhatA hai / isa aucitya ke do-tIna udAharaNoM para dRSTipAta kareM "tribhuvanapatikusumAyudhasenAyAH svAminI tvamatha ceyAn / bharatAdhipabalanetA tasmAtte syAjjayaH zreyAn 11 tavaM caiSa cakoradRzo dRzyo'vazyaM ca kaumudAptimayaH / somAGga jo hi bAle satAM vataMsaH kalAnilayaH // etasyAkhaNDa mahomayasya vAle jayasya bahuvibhavaH balamaNDo bhujadaNDo basudhAyA mAnadaNDa iva 112129 1 uparyukta udAharaNoM meM svayaMvara kAla meM jayakumAra kA paricaya diyA gayA hai| trailokyapati kAmadeva ke senA kI svAminI jaise tuma ho vaise hI cakravartI bharata kI senA kA nAyaka yaha jayakumAra hai isaliye tumhArA isake sAtha sambandha zreyaskara hai / he bAle ! somakulotpanna yaha kumAra kalAoM kA ghara sajjanoM kA bhUSaNa evaM candra prakAzamaya hai tathA tuma jaise cakora netrI ke liye avazya darzanIya hai / isakA bhujadaNDa bahuvibhava bala- maNDita evaM pRthvI ko nApane ke liye mAnadaNDa sarIkhA hai, isaliye tumhAre sAtha sambandha ho jAnA sarvathA samucita hogaa| isameM jayakumAra ke paricayAtmaka varNana kiye gaye haiM, jo vAkyaucitya kA paricAyaka hai / 3. viSayaucityaH jayodaya mahAkAvya isa aucitya se bharA par3A hai| jayakumAra ke zAsana kAla meM koI vyakti vastrahIna nahIM huA, khAne pIne kI sAmagrI itanI paryApta thI ki upavAsa karane kI sthiti nahIM AyI, ataeva citta meM cintA kA kabhI nivAsa nahIM huA / saMsAra meM aihika sukha kI pUrNa prApti huI / saMsAra se tathA sAMsArika duHkha se manuSya mukta rahe, yaha vilakSaNa caraNAnuyoga hai| jaina dharmAnusAra digambara hone, upavAsa karane Atmacintana tathA bhogoM ke tyAga se mukti hotI hai| yaha sadAcAra pratipAdaka grantha

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saptama adhyAya / 167 caraNAnuyoga meM diyA gayA hai / jayakumAra ke caraNa samparkI arthAt caraNa ke samIpa meM Aye hue (zaraNAgata) vyaktiyoM ke liye kisI prakAra kA duHkha nahIM huA yaha sarala * zabda upajAti vRtta ke dvArA dikhAyA gayA hai / yaha zAsana prabandha pradarzana zailI yathArtha nirUpaNa ke liye svAbhAvika pravAha se bharI huI hai / yathA "digambaratvaM na ca nopavAsazcintApi citte na kadApyuvAsa / mukto janaH saMsaraNAtsubhogastasyAdbhuto'yaM caraNAnuyogaH // ''30 jayakumAra ke dayA-dAkSiNya, udAratA, zAsana kuzalatA Adi kA varNana kara viSayaucitya pragaTa karane se yahA~ kAvya alaukika Anandaprada bana gayA hai / 4. guNaucitya : aucitya vicAra carcA kI caudahavIM kArikA meM kSemendra ne guNaucitya kA anupama varNana kiyA hai, jisameM kahA gayA hai ki jisa prakAra kAntA saMgama samaya meM navodita candra Ananda kA kSaraNa karatA hai, usI prakAra prastuta artha ke anurUpa oja, prasAda, mAdhuryAdi guNa kAvya meM sundara evaM svakartavya nipuNa hote haiM / jayodaya mahAkAvya meM guNaucitya kA apanA ucita sthAna hai yathA"dRSTa vA svasenAmarivargajenA'yudhana meNAstamitAmanenAH / roddhaJca yoddhaM jaya ojaso bhUH zrIvAkANDAkhya dhanurdharo'bhUt // 132 isa padya meM zatru dala ke sAtha jayakumAra senA kA yuddha batAyA gayA hai / pavitra jayakumAra ne zatru maNDala ke AyudhAkramaNa se apanI senA ko asta hote hue dekhakara zatru sainya ko rokane ke liye tathA yuddha karane ke liye vrajakANDa nAmaka dhanuSa ko dhAraNa kiyA / yahA~ 'dRSTvA' meM saMyuktAkSara 'v' 'T' varga meM 'ra' 'ga' krameNa 'ra' 'ka' 'stamet' meM s t roddhaM-yoddhaM meM 'd' 'dha' vajra meM 'ja' 'ra' kANDAkhya meM kha 'ya' dhanurdhara meM ra dha ye varNa vinyAsa oja guNa se pUrNa haiM / ataH oja guNaucitya samIcIna hai| sulocanA varNana prasaGga meM prakRta aucitya kA eka aura udAharaNa draSTavya hai - "kusumaguNitadAma nirmalaM sA madhukararAvanipUritaM sadaMsA / / guNamiva dhanuSaH smarasya hastakalitaM saMdadhatI tadA prazastam // '133 - yahA~ zobhana skandha pradeza vAlI sulocanA bhramaroM ke zabdoM se pUrNa tathA ujjavala puSpoM kI mAlA ko anaGga ke dhanuSa kI DorI kI bhA~ti kara meM lekara suzobhita huI / isa padya meM alpa samAsa vAle pada diye gaye haiM tathA saMyuktAkSaroM kI adhikatA nahIM hai / isa dRSTi se yaha padya mAdhurya guNa se otaprota hai / ataeva yahA~ bhI guNaucitya kA samucita saundarya ullasita ho rahI hai| .

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168/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 5. alaGkAraucitya : aucitya vicAra carcA ke pandrahavIM kArikA meM kSemendra ne alaGkAraucitya kA manorama citraNa kiyA hai / jisa prakAra unnata payodhara para sthita hAra se mRgAkSI sundarI suzobhita hotI hai / usI prakAra arthagata aucitya se anusyuta alaMkAra dvArA sUkti suzobhita hotI hai / jayodaya mahAkAvya meM pratyeka sarga alaMkAraucitya se pUrNa hai isaliye sabhI udAharaNa dikhAnA yadyapi sambhava nahIM hai, tathApi katipaya udAharaNa diye jAte haiM / jaise "jaTharavanhi dharaM hya daraM vadatyapi ca taijasamazrusugakSyadaH / janamukhe karakRtkatamo'dhunA hRdayazuddhimudetu mude tunA // 135 prastuta zloka meM ramaNIya alaGkAraucitya hai / arkakIrti aura kAzI nareza mahArAja akampana vArtAlApa prasaMga meM arkakIrti ko utsAha pradAna karane evaM manomAlinya dUra karane ke liye kahate haiM ki manuSya jaTharAgni ko dhAraNa karane vAle sthAna ko udara kahate haiM / udara kA zAbdika artha nikalatA hai - 'udam udakaM rAti gRhaNAti iti udaram' / yaha netra jo astra jala ko chor3atA hai, use tejas kahate hai bhalA janavarga ke mukha para kauna tAlA lagA sakatA hai / arthAt unake mukha ko kaise rokA jA sakatA hai parantu manuSya ko cAhie ki apane prasannatA ke liye mana ko zudda yA sarala bnaaveN| yahA~ arthAntaranyAsa kA prAdhAnya atyanta cittAkarSaka hai ataH alaGkAraucitya apane rUpa meM paryApta hai / nIce likhe zloka meM upamAlaGkAra kA aucitya avalokanIya hai - "anugamya jayaM dhRtAnatiH pratiyAti spa sa maNDalAvadheH / anilaM hi nijAttaTAtsarovarabhaGgazcaTu lApatAM gataH // 136 janavarga jayakumAra kA madhura AlApa dvArA anugamana karatA huA apane deza kI sImA prAnta taka jAkara punaH ThIka usI prakAra lauTa AyA, jisa prakAra tAlAba ke jala kI lahareM vAyu kA pIchA karake apane taTa se lauTa AtI hai / isameM mahAkavi ne upamA alaGkAra ke dvArA alaGkAraucitya kI saMghaTanA kiyA hai / isI prakAra anekazaH avasarocita vizeSatAoM ko abhivyakta karane meM paTu mahAkavi kA alaGkAraucitya sahadaya hRdaya ko anAyAsa hI AhlAdita kara detA hai / 6. rasaucitya : aucitya vicAra carcA nAmaka grantha meM rasaucitya ke nirUpaNa meM solahavIM kArikA se Arambha kara dUra taka vivecanA hai / jisa prakAra vasantaRtu azoka vRkSa ko aMkurita karatA hai, usI prakAra aucitya se camatkRta rasa sajjanoM ke hRdaya ko aMkurita karatA hai / jayodaya mahAkAvya meM aMgarUpa meM prApta sabhI rasoM kA samyaka nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai tathApi zAnta rasa kA hI aGgI rUpa se pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / navama sarga meM jayakumAra

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saptama adhyAya / 165 arkakIrti ke milana prasaGga meM zAnta kI anupama chaTA darzanIya hai"jayamahIpatujorvilasattrapaH sapadi vAcya vipazcidasau nRpaH / kalitavAnitare taramekatAM mRdugiro hyaparA na samArdratA || "a 138 yahA~ bolane meM paTu evaM burI bAta se zarmindA kAzirAja akampana ne jayakumAra aura arkakIrti meM apanI madhura girA ke dvArA hI paraspara kI pratidvanditA ko samApta kara Apasa meM mela karA diyA / satya hai, madhura vANI ke samAna sammilana karAne vAlI koI dUsarI vastu nahIM hai / rasaucitya ke udAharaNa meM zRGgAra rasa kA udAharaNa avadheya hai " mukhAravinde zucihAsake zare'livatsa mugdho madhure mRgIdRzaH / prasannayoH pAdasarojayordRzaM vizeSya padmApi jayasya sambabhau / / "39 mRganayanI sulocanA ke madhura kAnti, zubhrahAsyapUrNa mukha kamala rUpI bANa se bhramara ke samAna jayakumAra vazIbhUta ho gayA / aise hI sulocanA bhI usake nirmala caraNa kamalo meM apane netra se dekhatI huI suzobhita huI / yahA~ zRGgAra rasa kA pUrNa aucitya hai / vIrarasaucitya ke sanniveza meM kavi ko mastaka nahIM khujalAnA par3atA hai / jidhara dekhate haiM, udhara hI tadanurUpa paryApta racanA dRSTigata hotI hai yathA " pare raNArambhaparA na yAvad babhuzca kAzIzasutA yathAvat / niSkraSTumAgatyatarA mito'ghaM hemAGgadAdyA vavRSuH zaraugham / / ' 140 samarAGgaNa meM yuddhArtha udyata senAoM ko dekhakara kAzI nareza ke putra hemAGgada Adi AkrAmaka upadrava ko dUra karane ke liye zIghra hI pahu~cakara vANa paMktiyoM kI varSA karane lage / prakRta padya meM 'raNA' 'niSkraSTum ' 'vavRSu' Adi pada oja guNa ke poSaka hokara vIra rasa meM yogadAna pradAna karate haiM / isI prakAra isI sarga kA adholikhita padya rasaucitya ke liye vivecanIya hai - " bhinnArisannAhakulAn raphuliGgAnasiprahArairuditAn kaliGgA / sphuratpratApAgnikaNAnivA''hurjayasya yaH sa pracalatsubAhuH || ' 1141 kuzala yoddhAoM ke khaDga prahAra se zatruoM ke vidIrNa kavaca maNDala se cinagAriyA~ (agnikaNa) utpanna ho rahI thiiN| ve balazAlI bAhu se prayoga kiye gaye jayakumAra ke dIpyamAn pratApAgni kaNa ko batA rahe the| prakRta padya meM adhikAMza samasta pada kA sanniveza 'na' 'na' kA saMyuktAkSara evaM 'sa''pha' pa'ra' Adi saMyukta prayoga pUrNarUpeNa vIra rasaucitya ke paricAyaka haiM /

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170/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 7. kriyaucitya : kriyaucitya ke binA kAvya meM doSa jhalakane lagatA hai / isaliye kriyaucitya para avahita honA Avazyaka hotA hai| AcArya kSemendra ne kahA hai - jisa prakAra sajjanoM ke guNa dayA, dAkSiNya, vyavahAra, kuzalatA aura sAdhutA tabhI acche mAne jA sakate haiM, yadi unake kartavya sarvadA aucitya se pUrNa hoM / usI prakAra kAvya ke mAdhurya, oja Adi ramya guNa tabhI suzobhita hote haiM jaba ve vyAkaraNAnusAra zabda zuddhi Adi samanvita kriyApada ke aucitya se yukta hoN| jayodaya mahAkAvya meM isake aneka udAharaNa prastuta haiM - "nandIzvaraH samprati devadeva pikAGganA cUtaka sUtameva / vasvaukasArArka mivAtra sAkSIkRtyAzu santaM mumude mRgAkSI // adhyAtmavidyAmiva bhavyavRndaH sarojarAjiM madhurAM milindaH / prItyA papau so'pi takAM sugaura gAtrIM yathA candrakalAM cakoraH // 143 yahA~ batAyA gayA hai ki sulocanA sajjana jayakumAra ko dekhakara usI prakAra prasanna huI, jisa prakAra nandIzvara (aSTama dvipa) ko dekhakara devatA, AmramaMjarI ko dekhakara kokila, sUrya ko dekha rajanI prasanna hotI hai / jaya bhI sulocanA ko isa prakAra pAna karane lagA (dekhane lagA) jisa prakAra bhavya jIvoM kA samUha adhyAtma vidyA ko bhramara kamala paMkti ko, cakora candrakalA ko pAkara prema se pItA hai (prasanna hotA hai)| ___ ukta donoM padyoM meM kramazaH 'mumude aura papau' kriyA kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, jisakA pratyeka ke sAtha ucita samanvaya rUpa kriyaucitya kA pratipAdana karatA hai / 8. kArakaucityaH kArakaucitya ke sambandha meM AcArya kSemendra ne kahA hai ki jisa prakAra sadavaMza se alaMkRta aizvarya aura udAratA Adi saccaritra se hI suzobhita hotA hai, usI prakAra anunaya Adi se yukta vAkya rUpa kAvya bhI ucita kAraka ke prayoga se hI suzobhita hotA hai / kartA, karma, karaNa, sampradAna, apAdAna, adhikaraNa prabhRti bheda se 7 kAraka kahe gaye haiM ataH isake bheda aura udAharaNa bhI aneka bana jAte haiM / jayodaya mahAkAvya meM isake udAharaNa khojane nahIM par3ate haiM, sarvatra vyApaka rUpa meM upalabdha haiM / (a) kartR padaucityaH jayodaya mahAkAvya meM kartRpadaucitya pade pade hRdayagrAhI haiM, jisake eka udAharaNa para dRSTipAta kareM"prANA hi no yena niyantritAzcetkiM prANino'pi svvshaansmnyct| sa tatra yatnaM kRtavAnitIva svadordvayAkrAntasamastajIva // 45 jisane prANoM ko niyantrita nahIM kiyA vaha kyA prANiyoM ko apane vaza meM kara sakatA

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saptama adhyAya / 171 hai ? parantu jayakumAra ne apane bhujAoM se samasta jIvoM ko AkrAnta kara prANaniyantraNa hetu yatna kiyA / yahA~ 'saH' yaha kartRpada durniyantraNa ko niyantrita karane hetu ucita rUpa meM prayoga kiyA gayA hai ataeva kartRpadaucitya hai / (ba) karma padaucityaH karmapadaucitya kA udAharaNa jaise 'jampatyoryannizi ca gadatozcAzraNod hINA gatvA tadunavatadaH zrIpAdAnAntu karNAndUkAruNamaNikaNaM tasya caJcau nidhAya, taM karaka phalaka vyAjataH sAnninAya / / "46 mUkatvaM isa zloka meM kamaucitya kI yojanA atyanta manoraMjaka evaM cittAkarSaka hai / isameM yaha varNana kiyA gayA hai ki rAtri meM dampatti ke ratikAlika paraspara vArtAlApa ko gRha pAlatU totA ne jo sunA zrIpada ke taTapradeza para usake dvArA usa rahasya ke udghATana hone se lajjita huI / eka nAyikA ne tote ke mukha ko banda karane ke liye lAla maNi ke Tukar3e ko anAra phala ke bahAne usake coMca meM rakha diyA / rahasyamaya bAta ko chipAne ke liye coMcoM meM anAra ke dAne ko vyAja se maNi kaNa ko rakhakara mUka banAnA karNaucitya kA acchA udAharaNa aura kavi kI apUrva pratibhA kA paricAyaka hai / 44 gehakIra:, tIram / (sa) karaNaucitya : jayodaya mahAkAvya meM karaNaucitya kI kamI nahIM hai| eka udAharaNa jaise - 1147 " vadhumukhendoH smita candrikAcayairjayasya naktaM ca divA ca bhUpateH / svayaM prajAyAH kuzalAnucintanairbabhUva tAvatsamayaH samanvayaH // isa zloka meM jayakumAra kI dinacaryA kA varNana karate hue yaha batAyA gayA hai ki nRpati jayakumAra sulocanA vadhU ke mukha candra kI muskarAhaTa rUpa jyotsanA maNDala se rAtri kA samaya vyatIta karatA thA evaM prajA ke svayaM kuzalAnucintana ke dvArA dina vyatIta karatA thA / isa prakAra usane samaya kA samyak samanvaya kiyA thA / yahA~ smita candrikAcaya tathA prajAkuzalAnucintana ke dvArA samaya vyatIta karane ko karaNarUpa meM batAyA gayA hai, jo ucita karaNaucitya ko niSpanna karatA hai / (da) sampradAnaucitya : sampradAnaucitya ke liye bhI saba sargoM meM sarvatra sthAna hai / jaise'asyA hi sargAya purA prayAsaH paraH praNAmAya vidhervilAsaH / strImAtrasRSTAviyameva gurvI samIkSyate zrIpadasampadurvI / / 48 44 jisa samaya jayakumAra sulocanA ke svarUpa ko dekhatA hai, usa samaya mana meM nAnA prakAra ke bhAva utpanna hote haiM / isI vicAradhArA meM jayakumAra ke ye vicAra haiM ki isakI sRSTi

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172 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana ke liye brahmA ne jo pahale parama prayAsa kiyA, usa brahmA kI ceSTA ke liye praNAma hai / kyoMki strI mAtra sRSTi meM yahI sabase mahimAzAlinI pratIta hotI hai / isIliye caraNasampati se hI gauravazAlinI hai / I yahA~ brahmA kA prayAsa sarga rUpa caturthI ke liye hai / ataH sampradAnaucitya kA udAharaNa hai / isI prakAra anya zlokoM meM bhI yaha aucitya darzanIya hai "karau vidhestastvavarau dhiyApi savedanasyeyamaho kadApi / namo'stvanaGgAya ratestu bhartre smRtyaiva lokottararUpakartre // 1149 isa zloka meM sulocanA ke hAthoM kA varNana karate hue yaha kahA gayA hai ki svayaM AvirbhUta jJAna brahmA kI buddhi se donoM zreSTha hAthoM kA nirmANa huA / kadAcit kAma bhI smaraNa mAtra se alaukika rUpa nirmANa karane meM samartha hai, aise ratipati anaMga ko namaskAra hai / yahA~ alaukika rUpa nirmANa karanA smaraNa mAtra se hI dikhAyA gayA hai, vaha bhI aMgahIna kAma ke alaukika vaibhava kA paricAyaka hai / ataeva yahA~ bhI sampradAnaucitya hai / (ya) apAdAnaucitya yodaya mahAkAvya meM apAdAnaucitya bhI ramya rUpa meM dikhAyA gayA hai / jisa samaya jayakumAra kI dRSTi sulocanA ke zarIra para paDI, usa samaya kA varNana mahAkavi ne ekAdaza sarga meM karate hue isa prakAra dikhAyA hai| "kAlAgurorlepanapaGkilatvAd dRSTiH skhalantIva ca saspRhatvAt / tanau cariSNuH sudRzo'pyapUrvA uroruhAbhogamagAnmuhurvA // 150 - isa padya meM kahA gayA hai ki jayakumAra kI apUrva dRSTi sundarI sulocanA ke zarIra para ghumatI huI vakSasthala bhAga para pahu~cI jahA~ kAle agara kA lepa kiyA gayA thA / usa sthAna Ardra hone se (karadama yukta) phisalatI huI bhI vaha dRSTi utkaNThA adhika hone se bArambAra vahIM pahu~cI / isa zloka meM kAlAguru ke lepana kI paMkilatA hone se evaM utkaNThA pUrNa hone se bArambAra eka hI sthAna para par3anA vaha vakSasthala kI ramyatA kA paricAyaka hai / jisameM paMcamyanta hetu banAkara sudRr3hatA lAyI gayI hai, ataeva apAdAnaucitya manojJa hai / (ra) adhikaraNaucitya : isa mahAkAvya meM adhikaraNaucitya kA camatkAra aneka sthaloM meM dikhAyA gayA hai / aTThArahaveM sarga meM aneka padya darzanIya haiM jaise- 1151 " sUktiM prakurvati zakuntagaNerhatI yuktiM pragacchati ca kokayuge satIva / mukti samicchati yatIndravadabjabandhe bhuktiM gate saguNavadra janIprabaMdhe // ' isa padya meM prabhAtakAla kA varNana karate hue yaha kahA gayA hai ki jaba arhat kI sundara

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saptama adhyAya /173 stuti ke samAna pakSI gaNa madhura zabda karane lage cakravAka pakSI ke yugala jor3e paraspara milane ke liye calane lage yatirAja jaise mukti kI icchA karatA hai, vaise hI kamala kuDamalatA (saMkocitA) se mukta hone lage / isI prakAra Age ke zlokoM meM varNana hai ki-jaba AkAza meM bahuta se ratna samUha candra naSTa hone lage candra bhI karazUnya maMdatA ko prApta hone lagA / ullU apane zIghra hI chipane ke liye jAne lagA evaM jalarAzi meM kucha gati hone lagI / puSpakaNoM se yukta maMda-maMda vAyu pahu~cAne ke liye bahane lagA evaM rAtrivega se nikala gayI / isa saMdeza ke zrAvakoM nagaroM kI manorama dhvani hone lagI / taba sUta gaNa utsava hetu madhura ramya gAna karane lge| jo mahAkavi ke zabdoM meM nimnastha prastuta hai luptoruratnanicaye viyatIva tAte candre tu niSkaradazAmadhunA pryaate| ghUke'pakarmanayane drutameva jAte mandaM caratyabhigamAya kileti vAte // supte vijitya jagatAM tritayaM tu kAme lupte tadIya dhanuSo virave'tivAme / upte rathAGgagayugacaJcupuTe'bhirAme'horAtrakasya madhure carame'tra yAme // nandatvamaJcati vidyormadhure prakAze paryAptimicchati cakorakRte vilAse / satspandabhAvamadhigacchati vArijAte sarvatra kIrNamakarandini vAti vAte // yannAkSi cAkSipadahopalakAMzamAsAmeNI dRzAntu ratirAsabRhadvilAsAt / prAbhujjavAdrajaninirgamanaikanAma sandezakasya paTahasya kho'bhirAmaH // 52 ukta zlokoM meM prAta:kAla ke varNana meM sapramyanta padoM kI yojanA ke dvArA prAtaH kAla kI sampUrNa vaibhava kI vibhUtiyoM kA varNana paripUrNa dikhAyI detA hai / isa prakAra yahA~ adhikaraNaucitya kA samyak paripAlana kiyA gayA hai / 9. vacanaucitya : kSemendra ne vacanaucitya ko isa prakAra vyakta kiyA hai / pratipAdya artha ke anusAra eka vacana dvivacana, bahuvacana ke prayoga se kAvya usI prakAra saundarya ko prApta karatA hai, jisa prakAra dInatA se rahita dhanyavAdArha mana vAle vidvAnoM kA mukha cArutA ko prApta hotA hai / vacanaucitya kA prayoga isa mahAkAvya meM aneka sthaloM meM hai, sabakA dikhAnA sambhava nahIM hai tathApi sarga 10 ke eka sau gyArahaveM zloka meM isakA manojJa citraNa huA hai / yathA "kusumaguNitadAma nirmalaM sA madhukararAvanipuritaM sadaMsA / guNamiva dhanuSa smarasya hastakalitaM saMdadhatI tadA prazastam // 154 isa padya meM sundarI dvArA puSpa-mAlA dhAraNa karane kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / sundara skandhapradeza vAlI sulocanA nirmala puSpa se guthe gaye evaM sugandha ke kAraNa bhramara ke dhvani se bhare hue kAmadeva ke dhanuSa kI maurvI kI bhA~ti prazasta hAthoM se banAyI gayI mAlA ko svayaM barAvasara meM dhAraNa kii|

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174/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana prakRta padya meM eka vacana kA prayoga samucita rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra isI sarga ke Age ke zlokoM meM yaha aucitya darzanIya hai / yathA - "purataH puruSottamasya sevAtha sutA bhUbhRta ugratejase vA / sukalAzukalAdharAya zarmanidhaye prItijananyananyadharma // ''55 isa padya meM kahA gayA hai ki puraH sthiti puruSottama senA ke liye athavA zobhana kalA paripUrNa kalyANa kI nidhi ko dhAraNa karane vAle, jisameM anya dharma kA nivAsa nahIM hai, aise premotpAdaka jayakumAra ke liye sulocanA ne mAlA ko hAtha meM dhAraNa kiyA / yahA~ puruSottama ugrateja se kalAdhara haiM / 'zarmanidhaye' Adi meM eka vacana kA prayoga samucita haiM kyoMki satI sAdhvI sulocanA kA varaNa eka hI vyakti ko karanA hai yadyapi anekazaH rAjakumAra upasthita haiM kintu usake hRdaya meM eka sthita hai ataH eka vacana kA prayoga samucita 10. vizeSaNaucitya : jayodaya mahAkAvya meM vizeSaNaucitya bhI paga-paga para dekhA jA sakatA hai| vizeSaNaucitya ke sambandha meM AcArya kSemendra kA kathana hai ki jahA~ samucita vizeSaNa . se vizeSya camatkRta hotA hai, use vizeSaNaucitya kahate haiM / jisa prakAra guNavAn mitroM ke dvArA guNI sajjana puruSa pratiSThita ho jAtA hai| prakRta mahAkAvya meM isa aucitya se sambandhita eka udAharaNa para dRSTipAta kareM - "gehameka miha bhuktibhAjanaM putra tatra dhanameva sAdhanam / tacca vizvajanasauhRdAd gRhIti trivargapariNAmasaMgrahI // '57 isa padya meM gRhastha mahattva varNana prasaMga meM kahA gayA hai ki ghara hI bhAga kA sthAna hai, putra hI dhana hai / vizva mAtra meM sauhArda hone se gRhI gRhastha banatA hai / usI gRhI ke liye trivarga pariNAma saMgrahI (dharmArthakAma tInoM ke paripAka hetu saMgrAhaka) yaha vizeSaNa samucita hai / brahmacArI gRhastha vAnaprasthI saMnyAsI saba gRhastha para hI AdhArita hai / gRhI ke dvArA hI sabakA pAlana poSaNa samabhAvya hai, isIliye ukta vizeSaNa yathArtha hai / 11. upasaucitya : aucitya vicAra carcA ke caubIsavIM kArikA meM upasargaucitya kA nirUpaNa karate hue kSemendra ne kahA hai ki jisa prakAra satkarma meM vyaya hone se sampatti bar3hatI rahatI hai, usI prakAra praparAdi upasargoM se satkAvyokti prApta hotI hai / jayakumAra kA prabhAva (pratApAgni) ni:zeSa arthAt sampUrNa dizAoM meM (pratyeka samaya) vRddhi ko prApta huA / yathA - "niHzeSakASThAMtarudIrNamApa prabhAvametasya punaH pratApaH / raviH kavIndrasya girAyameSa tasyaiva zeSaH kaNasannivezaH // "59

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saptama adhyAya /175 prakRta padya meM 'niH' upasarga sampUrNa sthAnoM meM vyApta pratApAgni ko dikhAne ke uddezya se prayoga kiyA hai, jisase yahA~ upasargaucitya hai / isa prakAra Age ke sargoM meM bhI yaha aucitya bharApurA hai / yathA"vipattre'pi kare rAjJaH patramatreti sandadat / apatrapatayApyAsIt sa dUto maJju patravAk // 60 isa padya meM rAjA ke patrahIna hAtha meM patra kA honA virodhAbhAsa kA paricAyaka hai tathA vipatti se rakSA karane vAlA hAtha hai / yaha 'vi' upasarga donoM arthoM ke dene meM siddha hai ataeva yahA~ atyanta manorama upasargaucitya kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / 12. nipAtaucitya : nipAtaucitya ke sambandha meM kSemendra kA kathana hai ki jaise mantriyoM kI niyukti se koSa (khajAnA) akSaya rahatA hai vaise hI nipAtoM ke ucita sthAnoM para prayoga hone se arthasaMgati sandeharahita dRr3ha hotI hai / nipAta apa, ca, vA, ha, aho Adi avyaya pada mAne gaye haiM inakA prayoga ucita sthAna para hone se kAvya ramya hotA hai / jayodaya mahAkAvya ke prAyaH pratyeka sargoM meM nipAtaucitya kA sthAna milatA hai / isake udAharaNoM kI gaNanA karanA yA dikhAnA sambhava nahIM hai phira bhI isa dizA kI ora bhI dRSTi na DAlanA acchA nahIM / isaliye 'sthAlIpulAka' nyAya se eka udAharaNa para dRSTipAta kareM "yathodaye hastamaye'pi raktaH zrImAn vivasvAn vibhavakabhaktaH / vipatsu sampatsviva tulyataivamaho taTasthA mahatAM sadaiva // 62 ukta padya meM kahA gayA hai ki zrImAn vivasvAn 'sUrya' udaya aura asta kAla meM lAla hI rahate haiM tathA dhana sampatti kI samRddhi karane vAle haiM / Azcarya hai ki vipatti aura sampatti donoM samaya meM mahAn vyaktiyoM kI nirantara taTasthatA hI pAyI jAtI hai / ___ yahA~ 'aho' tathA 'avira' nipAta kA sanniveza kavi ne ramyatA hetu kiyA hai, jo atyanta AkarSaka hai| 13. kAlaucitya : kAlaucitya ke nirUpaNa meM AcArya kSemendra kA kathana hai ki jisa prakAra samayocita veza vinyAsa se avasara jJAtA sajjanoM kA zarIra zobhita hotA hai, usI prakAra kAlakRta aucitya anusyuta artho ke dvArA kAvya apUrva saundarya ko prApta karatA hai / jayodaya mahAkAvya meM kAlaucitya apanA advitIya sthAna rakhatA hai, jisakA cittAkarSaka udAharaNa nimnalikhita hai "patatyasau vArinidhau pataGgaH padmodare samprati mattabhaGgaH / AkroDakadronilaye vihaGgaH zanaizcarambhorujaneSvanaGgaH // 164 yahA~ sUryAsta kAla ke varNana prasaMga meM mahAkavi ne isa prakAra varNana kiyA hai / yaha

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176/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana sUrya samudra meM gira rahA hai / matta bhramara isa samaya kamalakoza meM par3A hai / pakSI Ananda sthAna vRkSa ke ghosale meM jA rahe haiM / kAmadeva dhIre-dhIre sundariyoM ke hRdaya meM ubaddha ho rahA hai| yaha sampUrNa sAyaMkAlika varNana avasara para diyA gayA hai / isaliye kAlaucitya hai / isI prakAra bahuzaH padya haiM jo kAlakRta aucitya ke paricAyaka haiM / 14. dezaucitya : AcArya kSemendra ne dezaucitya ke nirUpaNa meM likhA hai ki jisa prakAra pUrva paricaya kA sUcaka hai, sajjanoM kA vyavahAra zobhA ko prApta hotA hai, usI prakAra hRdaya bhAvanA ke anurUpa dezaucitya kI mahimA se kAvyArtha utkRSTatA ko prApta hotA hai | jayodaya mahAkAvya ke bIsaveM sarga meM ayodhyA sthalI kA varNana dezaucitya kA pUrNa paricAyaka hai / jaise "vahudhAvalidhAriNI sravantI nitarAM nIradabhAvamAzrayantIm / jayarATjaratItinAmavodhyAM drutamulaMdhya jagAma tAmayodhyAm // yahAM ayodhyA kA varNana hai / usake prasaGga meM nadI kA varNana dezaucitya hai isI prAkara Age ke zlokoM meM yaha aucitya darzanIya hai - "svamupapayodharadezaM caladujvaladhvajanivasanavizeSam / trapayeva vonnayantIM triyAkhilaM vizvamapi jayantIm // 67 "praNayAtizayAya pazyatAtha bahU ttAnazayopalakSitAm / maha tImanujAnatAkSitAvapi vizrambhaparAyaNAM hitAm // 68 yahA~ para prAsAra bhavana Adi kA vilakSaNa varNana kiyA gayA hai / yaha ayodhyA satayuga se hI purANAdi meM varNita hai / harizacandra Adi pramukha rAjA yahA~ vikhyAta rahe haiM / Aja bhI isakI sthiti tadvata dikhAyI detI hai / bharata ke zAsana kAla meM kavi ne vaise hI isakA svarUpa dikhAyA hai / ataeva yaha dezaucitya ke dRSTi se atyanta ramya hai / 15. kulaucitya : kulaucitya ke viSaya meM AcArya kSemendra aTThAisavIM kArikA meM kahA hai ki jisa prakAra sadvaMza kA sambandha manuSyoM kI mahatI utkRSTatA kA kAraNa hotA hai, usI prakAra kulaucitya arthAt kula ke anurUpa varNana kAvya kI utkRSTatA kA kAraNa sahRdaya hRdayAbhimata hotA hai / jayodaya mahAkAvya ke 28veM sarga meM isakA digdarzana milatA hai / "AzramAta AzramaM gacchet" isI paddhati ke anusAra manuSyoM ko viSaya vAsanAoM ke bhogAnantara yathArtha tattva ke parijJAna meM tatpara honA cAhiye / jayakumAra bhI isa siddhAnta kA paripAlaka banA / __yaha pahale hI kahA jA cukA hai ki jayakumAra hRdaya ko dUSaNa se mukta karane ke liye rAjakArya kA parityAga kara guru kRpAvaza tapasvI vana kara arhan deva ke pAsa pahu~cA aura tapazcaryA

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saptama adhyAya/177 11170 ko hI apanA dharma banAyA, jo mahAkAvya meM nimnarUpa meM abhivyakta hai, "sphoTa yituM tu kamalaM kaumudaM nAnvamanyataH / sAnugraha tayArha ntamupetyAsIttapodhanaH isI prakAra Age ke zloka meM yaha varNana hai ki - "sahasA saha sAreNA - padUSaNamabhUSaNam / jAtarUpamasau bheje reje svaguNapUSaNaH // 71 sahasAduSaNoM se dUra aura bhUSaNoM ko parityAgakara apane svAbhAvika guNoM ke dvArA sUrya kI bhA~ti suvarNa prApta karane meM pravRtta huA / anyatra zlokoM meM yaha aucitya vilakSaNa hai / yathA"sadAcAravihIno'pi sadAcAraparAyaNaH / sa rAjApi tapasvI san samakSo'pyakSarodhakaH // he rayaiverayAvyApta bhoginAmadhinAyakaH ahInaH sarpavattAvatkaJcukaM parimuktavAn // 72 isameM kahA gayA hai ki yaha guptacaroM se hIna hokara sajjanoM ke AcaraNa meM tatpara huA rAjA hokara bhI tapasvI banA evaM jitendriya vanakara samadRSTi kA vyavahAra karatA huA jisa prakAra sarparAja keMcula kA parityAga karatA hai, vaise hI vilAsiyoM kA adhinAyaka bhI jayakumAra ne kaMcuka arthAt rAjya ke veza evaM anucaroM kA parityAga kara diyA / isa prakAra jayakumAra kA yaha kulaucitya vyakta kiyA gayA hai / 16. vrataucitya : kAvya kA padArtha anukUla vratAcaraNa ke mahattva se prazaMsanIya hokara sahadayoM ke hRdaya ko prasanna karatA hai / jayodaya ke 27veM sarga meM samadRSTi ke vivaraNa meM vrataucitya kA svarUpa jayakumAra ke sambandha meM isa prakAra diyA gayA hai jo nimna paMktiyoM meM avalokanIya hai - "sAmye samutthAya dhRtAvadhAna iSTe'pyaniSTe'pi kRtAvasAnaH / abuddhipUrvaM ca samutthamAgaH saMzodhayatyadhvavidastarAgaH // 174 isa padya meM varNana hai ki vaha jayakumAra abhiSTa aura anabhiSTa donoM dRSTiyoM meM sAmya mArga para ArUr3ha hokara (sAvadhAna hokara) upAsIna bnaa| rAja kA parityAga kara mArga vettA vaha ajJAna pUrvaka utpanna aparAdha kA parimArjana karane lgaa| svabhAvataH hue aparAdhoM kA parimArjana tathA iSTAniSTa rUpa se virakta honA yaha uttarottara vrata kI utkRSTatA kA paricAyaka hai|

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178/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana isI prakAra Age ke zloka meM bhI yaha aucitya parama lubhAvana hai| yathA"dharmasvarUpamiti saiSa nizabhya samyagnarmaprasAdhanakaraM karaNaM niyamya / karmapraNAzanakazAsanakRdhUrINaM zarmaikasAdhanatayArthitavAn prviinnH|| 175 prakRta padya meM kahA gayA hai ki jayakumAra dharmasvarUpa kA upadeza sunakara pIr3A ke sAdhana bhUta indriyoM kA niyantraNa kara karma janya phala ke vinAza meM samartha, upadeza karane meM dakSa, kalyANa ke ekamAtra sAdhana kI icchA meM pravINa huA / isa padya meM bhI lakSyAnusAra vratAcaraNa kA ucita nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| 17. tattvaucitya : tattvaucitya kA vivecana karate hue AcArya kSemendra ne kahA hai ki satya jJAna ke nirNaya se hRdaya ke anurUpa kavi kA kAvya upAdeya hotA hai / arthAt usa kAvya ko saMsAra meM saba loga hRdaya se grahaNa karate haiM / yadi yathArtha tattva kA nirUpaNa na ho to kAvya mithyA kI pratIti mAtra hone se upAdeya nahIM hotaa| jayodaya mahAkAvya ke teisaveM sarga meM yaha vicAra nizcayAtmaka rUpa meM batAyA gayA hai ki saMsAra ke saba padArtha nazvara haiM isa saMsAra meM Atmacintana hI sAra hai / yahI yathArtha tattva hai / isI para ye subhASita sthAyI Teka ke sAtha anekoM gAna isa sarga meM gIta ke rUpa meM diye gaye haiM / yathA "he mana AtmahitaM na kRtam" apane mana ko hI sambodhana karake kahA jA rahA hai ki he cita tumane apane hetu arthAt AtmA ke hetu kucha bhI kArya nahIM kiyA / koI bhI jantu garbhAvasthA meM garbha meM nivAsa karatA hai evaM garbhAzaya ke bhItara mala-mUtrAdi sampRkta hI jIvana meM rahatA hai| prakRta padya meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki mAtA ke peTa meM nau mahIne taka cI mala-mUtra ke sahita maiM nivAsa kiyA / vAlyAvasthA bhI khela karake hI aneka utsAhoM ke sAtha vyatIta kiyA evaM ucita-anucita rUpoM se isa avasthA ko vyatIta kiyA / yuvAvasthA meM nirdayatA ke sAtha uddhata AcaraNa kiyA / mada se matta yaha vitta dina-rAta yuvatiyoM meM rata rahA / isa bhAva ko prakRta mahAkAvya meM anupameya DhaMga se citrita kiyA gayA hai - "tava mama tava mama lapananiyuktyAkhilamAyurvigatam / he mana AtmahitaM na kRtm|| hA he mn|| sthAyI // nava mAsA vAsAya vasAbhirmAtRzakR tisahitam / zaizavamapi zavalaM kila khelaiH kRtocitAnucitam // hemn| tAruNye kAruNyena vinauddhatyamihAcaritam / madamattasya tavAharnizamapi cittaM yuvatiratam // he mana // 79

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saptama adhyAya / 179 isI prakAra Age ke zlokoM meM bhI cittAkarSaka varNana kiyA gayA hai, jisakA udAharaNa kramazaH avalokanIya hai - "praudi gatasya parijana puSTayai zazvatkarmamitam / ekai ka yA kapardika yA khalu vittaM bahu nicitam ||he mn.|| smRtamapi kiM jinanAma kadAcidvArddhakye'pi gatam / vikalatayA he zAnte samprati saMsmara nijanicitam ||hemn.|| raTa jhaTati mano jinanAm gatamAyurnu durguNagrAma / sthAyI // AzApAzavilAsato. drutamadhikartuM dhanadhAma / nidrApi kSudrA bhavadbhuvi naktaM divamavirAma // gtmaayu.|| putramitraparikarakRte bahu pariNamato'tilalAma / rAmAnAmArAmarasato hasato vAzritakAma ||gtmaayu.|| paraharaNe bharaNe svayaM punaranubhavatA durnAma / ayazaH pariharaNAya dattaM tvayA tu naika vidAma ||gtmaayu.|| bahu valitaM galitaM vayo re samprati palitaM nAma / . alamAlasyenAstu zaThaH te svIkuru zAntisudhAma |gtmaayu.|| mAyA mahatIyaM mohinI janatAyAM bho mAyA // sthAyI // bhUrAmAdhAmAdidharAyomiha sAtaGkajarAyAM / yatate paramarmacchidirAyAM karapatraprasarAyAmiha janatAyA bho mAyA // viSayarasAya dazA sakaSAyA zocyA khalu vivazA yA / gajavatkapaTa kRtAbhra mukAyAM prabhavati bahulApA yA // ih.|| mitrakalatraputravisarAyAM parikaraparamparAyAm / jaradgavaH kardamitadhArAyAmiva sIdati vidhurAyAm // ih.|| ratA dviraktApyunuratimAyAtyeSA jagatazchAyA / tato virajya pumAnamukAyAM kimiva na zAntimathAyAt // ih.||'78 Age bhI 'he nara nijazuddhi meva viddhi siddhi hetum' yaha sthAyI Teka dekara punaH usI vastu ko puSTa kiyA gayA hai, jo sarga kI samApti taka dikhAyA gayA hai / isa kathana se zarIra, mana, indriyA~ ye nazvara hI haiM / Atma cintana hI yathArtha tattva hai / usI kA cintana karanA cAhie aura vaha Atma cintana mana kI buddhi para nirbhara hai / isaliye mana ko pavitra karanA apekSita hai / yaha anta:karaNa kI pavitratA rUpa, rasa, gandha sparzAdi viSayoM se dUra hone para hI nirbhara hai|

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180/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana isa prakAra tattvaucitya kA nirUpaNa pUrNarUpa meM kiyA gayA hai / 18. sattvaucitya : sattvaucitya ke viSaya meM aucitya vicAra carcA meM kSemendra ne kahA hai ki jisa prakAra vicAra karane para sundara pratIta hone vAlA sajjanoM kA udAtta caritra camatkArAdhAyaka hotA hai, usI prakAra sattva (antarabala) ke anurUpa varNana se kavi kI sUkti bhI apUrva camatkArAdhAyaka hotI hai " / jayodaya mahAkAvya meM sattvaucitya kA vivecana bahu sthaloM meM darzanIya hai I jayakumAra ke hRdaya meM jinadeva ke prati bhakti anta:karaNa meM pahale se hI nihita hai / gRhasthAzrama meM praveza hone para yadyapi use pUrvatayA udbuddha hone kA avasara nahIM milA parantu gRhasthAzrama jIvana ke katipaya lakSya pUrNa hone ke pazcAt hI vaha antaHkaraNa kA udreka apane svarUpa meM samRddha ho gayA / ataeva zAnta ke aGkura, aGkura hI nahIM rahe kintu puSpita, pallavita aura phalita hokara yathArtha sattvaucitya kA paricaya de diye, jisakA uddharaNa ananta hai tathApi yahA~, sthAlI pulAka' nyAya se diyA jA rahA hai| jaise sarga 25 meM caturtha zloka isa aucitya ke liye paryApta hai - "yuvatayo mRgamaJjulalocanAH kRtaravAdviradAmadarocanAH / laharibattaralAsturagAzcamU samudaye kimu dRk jhapane'pyamUH / / 80 prakRta padya meM jayakumAra ke hRdaya isa bhAva ko vyakta kara rahe haiM ki sAre vaibhava zatru sadRza haiN| yaha sampUrNa dRzya padArtha nazvara adhruva hai| netra ke banda hone para mRgAkSI yuvatiyA~, matta hAthI, caMcala ghor3e aura sevAe~ ye saba kyA abhyudaya ke liye ho sakatI haiM ? arthAt nahIM / prakRta padya meM ya ja evaM komala varNa vinyAsa saMyuktAkSaroM kI alpatA zAntarasa kI puSTi hetu samucita racanA kA aucitya paripUrNa hai / 19. abhiprAyaucitya : isa aucitya ko vyakta karate hue AcArya kSemendra ne kahA hai ki jisa prakAra nizchala hRdaya se utpanna namratA Anandita karatI hai, usI prakAra saralatA se abhiprAya ke bodhaka kathana ( kAvya ) sajjanoM ke citta ko Anandita karate haiM 1 / jayodaya mahAkAvya ke eka sarga meM hI nahIM apitu anyatra bhI abhiprAya bodhana meM samartha bahuta se padya par3e hue hai / isalie isakA udAharaNa dikhAnA sUrya koM dIpaka dikhAnA hai tathApi 'sthAlI-pulAka' nyAya se eka udAharaNa diyA jA rahA hai / yathA - " vilvaphalAni vilokya saharSaM nijorojamaNDalaM dadarza / sahasA tAni tathaiva suyoSA punarapi draSTumabhUdapadoSA // nezAyAmuni vallabhAni tava kucakumbhavadiyAnidAnIm / bheTo'stIti samAha vayasyA sadabhiprAyavedinI tasyAH ||'' 1182

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saptama adhyAya /181 prakRta padya meM yaha varNana kiyA gayA hai ki koI sundarI nAyikA vilvaphala ko dekhakara bar3I prasannatA ke sAtha apane vakSasthala maNDala ko sahasA dekhane lagI aura doSa zUnya apane ko samajhI / itane hI meM usake abhiprAya ko jAnakara usakI sakhI kaha rahI hai ki tumhAre kucakumbha aura isa vilvaphala meM itanA hI antara hai ki isa samaya vilvaphala tumhAre priyatama ko abhISTa nahIM haiM kintu tumhArA kucakambha abhISTa hai / yaha varNana atyanta sarala zabdoM meM kiyA gayA hai jo abhiprAya ko spaSTa karane meM sakSama hai / zabda vinyAsa bhI usI ke anusAra manohArI hai / 20. svabhAvaucitya : AcArya kSemendra ne kahA hai ki jisa prakAra kRtrimatA rahita striyoM kA ananya sAdhAraNa saundarya vizeSa camatkArAdhAyaka hotA hai, usI prakAra kAvyoM ke liye svabhAvAnurUpa varNana adhika zobhAdhAyaka hotA hai / jayodaya mahAkAvya meM svabhAvaucitya se sambandhita eka padya kI jhA~kI prastuta hai - "dhavasambhavasaM zravAdito guruvargazritamohatastataH / nararAja vazAdazAtmasAdapi dolAcaraNaM kRtaM tadA / / ''84 prakRta zloka meM yaha varNana kiyA gayA hai ki pati jayakumAra ke prati utpanna huA prema evaM mAtA-pitA gurujanoM ke samparka se utpanna huA moha hone se rAjakumArI sulocanA kI dRSTi donoM ora A-jAkara hiDole kA AcaraNa karane lgii| - yahA~ svAbhAvika rUpa dikhAyA gayA hai ki janmakAla se mAtA-pitA ke prati utpanna huA prema tyAga kAla meM moha utpanna karatA hI hai tathApi jayakumAra ko pati rUpa meM pAkara tatsambandhI utpanna huA prema bhI sulocanA ke antaH karaNa meM baiThA huA hai / ina donoM sthitiyoM meM isakI dRSTi kabhI jayakumAra kI ora kabhI mA~-pitA kI ora daur3a rahI hai / yaha varNana svAbhAvika hai / ataeva svabhAvaucitya se yaha AkrAnta hai / 21. sAra saMgrahaucitya : sAra saMgrahaucitya ke pradarzana meM aucitya vicAra carcA grantha nirmAtA . kA kathana hai ki sAra saMgrahaucitya kAvya ke dvArA sunizcita phala paraka kAvya padArtha usa prakAra dikhAyA jAtA hai, jisa prakAra zIghrakArI vyakti ke dvArA koI vyApAra kiyA jAtA ho ataeva yaha kisako priya nahIM ? arthAt sabako priya hotA hai / jayodaya mahAkAvya ke chabbIsahaveM sarga meM zloka saMkhyA 73 se 77 taka isakA pradarzana kiyA gayA hai / jisameM syAdavAda siddhAnta grahaNa ke yogya hai tyAjya nahIM / yaha vyakta kiyA gayA hai vizvamAtra ke liye yaha saMjIvana evaM upakAraka hai / isa tathya ko dikhAne ke liye Adima tIrthanAtha kI vandanA ke dvArA Arambha kiyA gayA hai jo isa prakAra kahA gayA hai kiAzcarya hai ki indrAdi deva bhI tumhArI guNagAthA kA gAna karate haiM ApakI jaya ho / saMsAra ke mitra arthAt pitAmaha yathArtha pavitra tattva kA nirdeza Apane kiyA /

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182/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana isa bhAva kI abhivyakti mahAkavi ke zabdoM meM nimnastha hai"jayasyaho AdimatIrthanAthaH zakrAdibhistvaM pariNItagAthaH / / hitasya vartmatvakayA pavitraM nyadezi tattvaM bhuvanasya mitram // ''86 Age kA zloka bhI isa aucitya se achUtA nahIM haiM / yathA"he deva doSAvaraNaprahINa tvAmAzrayedbhaktivazaH pravINaH / namAmi tattvAdhigamArthamArAnna mAmitaH pazyatu mAradhArA // 187 prakRta padya meM kahA gayA hai ki doSa varaNa se parityakta he deva / bhakti ke AdhIna huA kuzala vyakti tumhArA zaraNa letA hai / tattva ke yathArtha jJAna ke liye maiM praNAma kara rahA hU~ / kAma kI dhArA mujha para dRSTipAta na kre| - isI sarga kA pacahattarahavA~ zloka bhI isake lie darzanIya hai "bhavanti bho rAgaruSAmadhInA dInA janA ye viSayeSu lInAH / tvAM vItarAgaM ca vRthA lapanti caurA yathA candramasaM zapanti // 188 .... rAga krodha ke AdhIna hue jana duHkhI hokara viSayoM meM lIna hote haiM / jisa prakAra coragaNa apane caura kRtya ke vAdhaka candramA ko zApa detA haiM (ulAhanA karate haiM) usI prakAra viSayAsakta vyakti tumheM vyartha batAte haiM / mahAkAvya meM agrima zloka bhI isI aucitya kA paricAyaka hai - "rAjJAmivAjJA bhavatAM jaganti gatA'visamvAdatayA lasantI / zizorivAnyasya vaco'stvapArthaM mohAya sammohavatAM kRtArtham // ''89 yahA~ varNana hai ki jisa prakAra rAjAoM kI AjJA saMsAra meM nirvirodha mAnya evaM zobhita hotI hai, usI prakAra ApakI AjJA nirvirodha zobhita hai / anya logoM kI vANI bAlaka ke kathana kI bhA~ti bhale hI nirarthaka evaM moha meM par3ane vAle vyaktiyoM ke liye mugdhakAraka ho kintu ApakI vANI hI grAhya hai / isI prakAra sArasaMgrahaucitya se pUrNa agrima zloka nimnastha zabdAGkita hai"virAgameMkAntatayA pratImaH siddhau rataH kintu bhavAn suSIma / vizvasya saJjIvanamAtmanInaM syAdvAdamujhetkimaho ahIna // ''90 yahA~ yaha kahA gayA hai ki - he aparityAjya meM yaha samajhatA hU~ ki zuddhi ke viSaya meM nizcita hI viraktatA Avazyaka hai / Apa bhI isa pakSa ke sarvathA poSaka evaM tatparatA ke yathArtha sImA haiM / saMsAra ke AtmakalyANa evaM saMjIvana, Azcarya hai ki syAdvAda ko kyA chor3A jA sakatA hai ? arthAt nahIM / isa prakAra syAdvAda siddhAnta hI nizcayAtmaka dRr3ha mArga hai / isa dizA meM kavi ne saMketa kiyA hai /

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- saptarI saptama adhyAya /183 Age ke zlokoM meM bhI dArzanika tattvoM ko 'asti' 'nAsti' kI paddhati dikhAkara vyakta kiyA gayA hai| 22. pratibhaucitya : AcArya kSemendra ne kahA hai ki aizvarya se camatkRta guNavAnoM ke ujjavala kula ke samAna pratibhaucitya ke prabhAva se kavi kA kAvya suzobhita hotA hai / jayodaya mahAkAvya meM pratibhA ke dvArA mahAkavi ne yahA~ rati kI acchI vyaMjanA karAyI hai "latApratAne gatA mahati yA cakarSa kAntaM parirambhadhiyA / mumude sAmpratamito vayasyA valayasvanena vadhvAstasyAH // 192 yahA~ bana vihAra varNana ke prasaGga meM kahA gayA hai ki latAoM kI jahA~ sAndratA thI, . aise vizAla vana pradeza meM jo nAyikA AliGgana kI buddhi se kAnta ko apanI ora khIMcI usI samaya idhara usakI sakhiyA~, kaMkaNa dhvani se prasanna ho gyiiN| yahA~ AliGgana buddhi se priyatama ko apanI ora khIMcanA aura usI kSaNa kaMkaNa dhvani kA honA tathA kaMkaNa dhvani se sakhI meM prasannatA kA honA yA harSa kA utpanna honA nAyakanAyikA kI vyaGgaya rUpa meM prakaTa rati kA sUcaka hai jo pratibhA ke dvArA hI vyakta kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra anekazaH padya aise prakaraNoM meM isa mahAkAvya meM darzanIya hai, jinako dikhAne se kalevara vizAla ho jAyegA isaliye eka hI udAharaNa paryApta hai / 23. avasthaucitya : AcArya kSemendra ne avasthaucitya ko batalAyA hai ki jisa prakAra buddhimAnoM ke kArya saMsAra meM AdaraNIya hote haiM, usI prakAra avasthA kI anukUla varNanA se kAvya bhI jagat meM prazaMsanIya hotA hai | avasthaucitya kA nirUpaNa bhI isa mahAkAvya meM bahusthaloM meM hai| yathA"naiSAvegaM tAvakaM samvisoDhuM zaktA nainAM khedayetIhavoDhuH / / karNopAnte ratyudAttasya gatvA prAhoDhAyA nUpuraM nAma satvAt // ''94 isa padya meM varNana kiyA gayA hai ki pariNaya saMskAra sampanna evaM rati krIDA meM kuzala nAyaka ke kAnoM ke samIpa UDhA nAyikA ke nUpura jA pahu~ce / usa samaya kavi utprekSA ke dvArA yaha vyakta karatA hai ki yaha nUpura mAno kAna ke samIpa pahu~cakara yaha nAyaka se kaha rahA hai ki yaha tumhAre vega ko sahana karane meM samartha nahIM haiM, isaliye isako adhika khinna mata kara / yaha UDhA nAyikA kA avasthAnurUpa varNana isake liye samIcIna hai / 24. vicAraucitya : vicAraucitya ke sambandha meM kSemendra ne likhA hai ki vicAraucitya ke dvArA sUktiyA~ usI prakAra ramaNIya bana jAtI hai, jisa prakAra jJeya tattva ke jJAna se vidvAnoM kI vidyAe~ ramaNIya ho jAtI haiM / .

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184/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana jayodaya mahAkAvya ke paccIsaveM sarga meM isa prakAra ke varNana kA bAhulya hai / jaise"kSaNaruciH kamalA pratidiGmukhaM suradhanuzcalamaindriyakaM sukhaM / vibhava eSa ca suptavikalpavadahaha dRzyamado'khilamadhuvaM // 16 isa zloka meM kahA gayA hai ki AkAza maNDala meM caMcala indra dhanuSa aura indriya sukha ke samAna lakSmI kSaNa kAla ke liye hI dIptizAlinI ThaharatI haiM / yaha vaibhava bhI svapnakAlika padArtha ke sadRza hai / sampUrNa dRzya padArtha hI adhruva hai / paravartI zlokoM meM bhI isa prakAra ke rUpa darzanIya haiM, jo sAMsArika sukha nivRtti evaM jayakumAra ke vairAgyotpAdaka haiM / jaise "yuvatayo mRgamaJjulalocanAH kRtaravAdviradAmadarocanAH / laharivattaralAsturagAzcamU samudaye kimu dRk jhapane'pyamUH // 17 yahA~ yaha dikhAyA gayA hai ki netra ke banda ho jAne para mRgAkSI yuvatiyA~, mattahAthI, caMcala ghor3e senA ye saba kyA abhyudayArtha hote haiM? arthAt nhiiN| yahA~ sArA jagat nazvara hai / eka brahma tattva jina (arhan) hI dhruva evaM satya hai / isa vicAra ko vyakta karane ke dRSTi se hI yaha sarga prastuta hai / - ataeva vicAraucitya pradarzana meM yahA~ pUrNa yoga prApta hotA hai / 25. nAmaucitya : nAmaucitya ke viSaya meM AcArya kSemendra kA kathana hai ki jisa prakAra manuSya ke apane karma ke anukUla nAma se guNa-doSa kI abhivyakti hotI hai, usI prakAra ucita nAma se kAvya ke bhI guNa doSa kI abhivyakti se yathArtha jJAna hotA hai| jayodaya mahAkAvya meM nAmaucitya bahuzaH sthaloM meM hai / svayaMvara varNana prasaGga meM ise bhalIbhA~ti dekhA jA sakatA hai / isa aucitya se sambandhita udAharaNoM para dRSTipAta kareM "smararUpAdhika eSo'sti kAmarUpAdhipotha ca manojJA / ratimativartinyasyAdasyAsi ca ballabhA yogyA // anunAmaguNamamuM punarahorahovedinImanISAbhiH / natvApasApadoSApyanaGga rUpAdhikaM bhAbhiH // 199 prakRta padya meM isa prakAra varNana kiyA gayA hai / svayaMvara bhUmi meM mAlyArpaNa ke liye rAjakumAroM ke sammukha jaba sulocanA pahu~catI hai taba rAjakumAroM kA paricaya use vidyA devI detI haiM / usI prasaGga meM eka rAjakumAra ke viSaya meM kahA jA rahA hai ki yaha kAma rUpAdhipa hai athavA smara rUpAdhipa hai aura tuma sundarI ho ataeva isakI vallabhA banane ke yogya ho| yaha sunakara sulocanA samajhatI hai ki kAmarUpAdhipa kahane se kAmAGga meM guptarUpa se vyAdhi ko dhAraNa karatA hai arthAt yaha napuMsaka hai ataeva use aGgIkAra nahIM kii|

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saptama adhyAya /185 tadanantara Age ke zlokoM meM bhI nAmaucitya manamohaka hai / yathA"cAlitavatI sthale'trAmuka guNagatavAci tu sunetrA / kautuki tameva valayaM sAGguSThAnAmikopayogamayam // nayatisma sa janyajano bhagIratho jahna kanyakAM suyazAH / suku lAd bhUbhRta itaraM kulInamapi bhUbhRtaM surasAm // 100 yahA~ bhI sulocanA ke valaya saMcAlana se 'sAMguSThAnAmikopayogam' ityAdi se ukta nRpati kA tiraskAra vyaMjita ho rahA hai / ata: upayukta nAmaucitya kA yaha udAharaNa hai| 26. AzIrvacanaucitya : kSemendra ne 39vIM kArikA se isa aucitya ke viSaya meM batalAyA hai . ki jisa prakAra pUrNArtha pradAtA rAjAdi ke liye vidvAnoM dvArA pradatta AzIrvAda abhyudayakAraka hotA hai, vaise hI kAvya meM AzIrvacanA kAvya ke abhyudaya kAraka hote haiM / jayodaya mahAkAvya meM bahusthaloM meM AzIrvacanaucitya kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai - "anaGgasaukhyAya sadaGgagamyA yoccaistanA namamukhIti ramyA / vibhrAjate smAvikRtasvarUpAnumAnanIyA mahiSIti bhUyAt // '102 yahA~ kahA gayA hai ki sundara aGgoM se yukta hone ke kAraNa gamana yogya uccastana maNDala vAlI evaM namramukhI hone se ramya tathA avikRta svarUpa ke kAraNa anumAna se sammAna ke yogya kAma saukhya ke liye yaha sundarI sulocanA dIvyamAna hai / avikRta svarUpa hone ke kAraNa se rAjamahiSI (rAjarAnI) ho aisA 'bhUyAta' AzirliGga ke dvArA vyakta kiyA gayA hai ataeva AzIrvacanaucitya apane rUpa meM sanniviSTa hai / jayodaya mahAkAvya ke sarga bAisaveM meM bhI yaha aucitya darzanIya hai| yathA "gadyacintAmaNirbAlA dharmazarmAdhirATa param / yazastilaka bhAvenAlaMkarotu bhuvastalam // 103 yahA~ sundarI sulocanA ke viSaya meM kahA gayA hai ki yaha bAlA prazaMsanIya cintAmaNi hai / dharmarUpa kalyANa meM tatpara rahane vAle yazarUpI tilaka ke sAtha isa bhUtala ko alaGkata kareM / alaGkarotu' yaha AzIrvAdArtha loT kA prayoga kara AzIrvacanaucitya vyakta kiyA gayA isI prakAra sarga 25 meM bhI yaha aucitya apanA Adhipatya banAye hue hai"janmAtaGkajarAditaH samayabhRviMtAmathAgAcchu bhAM yatnodvAhya midantu rAjyabharakaM sthAne samAne dhuvam /

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186/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana sadbhUyAmahamatra kutra bhavato nikSipya samyaGamanAH nAniSTaM janatA''yatiM prasaratAd bhAtUtsavazcAtmanAm // 10 jayakumAra kI sadbhAvanA rUpa meM yaha vyakta kiyA gayA hai ki janma sambandhI AtaMkatA, bRddhAvasthA ityAdi kaSTa dUra hoM aura zubhamayI cintA ko loga dhAraNa kareM / yaha rAjya bhara yatna se ucita samAna rUpa meM sthiratA ke sAtha vahana kara mujhameM sadbhAva utpanna ho / janatA ke bhAvI jIvana meM aniSTa prasAra na ho aura hama logoM ke utsava virAjamAna hoM / isa prakAra loT lakAra ke dvArA AzIrvacana kI puSTi kI gayI hai / 27. kAvyAthocitya : kAvyArthaucitya ke viSaya meM AcArya kSemendra kA vicAra hai ki jisa prakAra guNoM ke vaiziSTya se alaMkRta aizvarya ke dvArA sajjana puruSa suzobhita hote haiM, usI prakAra anubhava rUpa artha vizeSa ke kAraNa sampUrNa prabandhArtha kAvyArtha atyanta zobhita * hotA hai105 / isa mahAkAvya meM padArtha vivecana kI dRSTi prAyaH pratyeka sarga meM apanA paryApta sthAna rakhatI hai / isaliye atyanta saMkSepa meM dikhAyA jA rahA hai| yathA "ghaTakantu vidhAtAraM satoranujAnAmi vicArakAriNam / jaDamityanujAnato vacaH zuci tAvad dharaNau virAgiNaH // 106 sulocanA aura jayakumAra ke manorama saundarya ko dekhakara eka sakhI dUsarI sakhI se kaha rahI hai ki he sakhi ! sulocanA aura jaya ke nirmAtA (vidhAtA) vicArakoM meM zreSTha hai, aisA maiM samajhatI huuN| parantu vidhAtA jaDa hai, aisA virAgI arhatoM kA jo jIvana darzana hai vaha to pavitra hI hai "prANinAMzubhAzubhavidhividhAyakaM adRSTaM tatpaudgatyikaM nirjIvaM eva vastu bhavati iti jaina siddhAntaH " jayakumAra aura sulocanA ina donoM yogya svabhAva kAntizAlI prANiyoM kA saMyojaka adRSTa caitanya hI pratIta hotA hai / yaha hamArA citta kaha rahA hai / isaliye ina donoM kA nirmAtA cetana hI hai jaDa nahIM hai / jaina siddhAnta kI vyAkhyA rakhate hue kAvyArtha kA ThIka bodha karAyA gayA hai| sampUrNa jayodaya mahAkAvya AkAra se vizAla hai / svabhAvataH usameM anupama kisI bhI sAhityatattva kA pradarzana saMbhava nahIM hai| isaliye maiMne yatrakutrApi se jo bhI ucita pratIta huA, usI ko yahA~ pradarzita kiyA hai| aucitya kAvya kA prANa hai / kavi bhUrAmala jI ne usakA samyak nirvAha kiyA hai / yaha to kAvya dekhakara hI sudhI vijJa varga jAna sakatA hai| jayodaya mahAkAvya meM katipaya doSa brahmacArI bhUrAmala zAstrI dvArA praNIta jayodaya eka vizAla mahAkAvya hai, jisakI racanA

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saptama adhyAya / 187 aTThAIsa soM meM kI gayI hai / mahAkavi kA pANDitya satata saMstavanIya hai, phira bhI kahIMkahIM zabda zAstra pratikUlatA evaM alaGkAra zAstra maryAdA kI atikrAntatA bhI dekhane ko milatI hai / yathA1. cyutasaMskRti doSaH isa mahAkAvya meM 'punIta' zabda bahuzaH sthaloM meM prayukta hai, jo subanta ke rUpa meM sarvathA nindya hai / kyoMki pu, pAvane dhAtu se kta pratyaya karane para puta rUpa bana sakatA hai / 'punIta' laT lakAra meM tasa pratyaya ke yahA~ 'pUnA' pratyaya karane para punItaH rUpa banegA / mahAkavi ke mahAkAvya se katipaya padya avadheyArtha prastuta haiM - (ka) "guNaistu puNyaikapunItamUrteH jagannagaH saMgrathitaH sukIrteH / kandutvamindutvi'nanyacaure rupaiti rAjJI himasAragaureH // "107 (kha) "samvidambara ihAtmibhiH kiNadhAriNaH kila punItapakSiNaH / svairamAviharato'sya dakSatAM zikSituM svayamapUripakSatA // "108 (ga) "asau kulInApi punItabhAvAccetazcurA vA paTutA tulA vA / zrIvyaMjanasphItimatIva dehAntasthovbhavRtteti punarmamehA // ''109 (gha) "navAritAmApa punItakezyA datvA dRzaM kautukatoGgake'syAH // 110 (Ga) "prAcyA parAvRtapunItaradaccha dAyA // 111 aise hI nimnastha zloka meM 'mAni' hrasva ikArAnta kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai jabaki 'mAnI' isa prakAra dIrgha IkArAnta kA prayoga honA caahie| yathA "na cAturopyeSa narastadarthamakampanaM yAcitavAn samarthaH / / kimanyakairjIvitameva yAMtu na yAcitaM mAni upaiti jAtu // 112 2. sandhi kI nyUnatA : 'sambhavanti aradA' yahA~ sandhi prApta hone para sandhi nahIM kI gayI hai anyathA 'sambhavantyaradA' aisA prayoga hotA / isase zabda vinyAsa meM kavi buddhi vaikalpatA pratIta hotI hai / jaise - "nAtha nAtha vipadA vipadA me sambhavanti aradAdaradA me / so'yamatra bhavato hyanubhAvaH zItagAvapi raveriva gAvaH // "113 3. aprayukta doSaH jayodaya mahAkAvya se uddhRta nimnalikhita zloka meM 'kiNa' zabda kA prayoga 'yaza' artha meM kiyA gayA hai, jo aprayukta doSa grasta hai / udAharaNa"vidhudIdhitivandhurAdharAvalaye vyAptimatI manoharA / nRpate'stu mude nadIkiNasthiratevAgrimavarSapatriNaH // '114 isI prakAra kucha udAharaNa aprayukta doSa ke prastuta haiM

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188/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana (ka) "api haThAt pariSajjanuSAM mudaH sthalamativrajatIti vidhuntudaH // "115 (kha) "nanu tena hi sandhaye'rpitA kuvalAlIsvakulaka mehitA // 116 (ga) "hIravIracitAstambhA adambhAstatra maNDape // 117 (gha) "svajanasajjanayoH paricAraka cirat Avrajasi kva zayAnakaH // "718 ukta zloka caraNoM meM kramazaH 'pariSad', 'kuvalAlI', 'adambha' aura 'cirat' zabda kA prayoga 'pata', 'mauktikamAlA', 'vizAla' aura 'cirAta' ke artha meM prayoga huA hai, jo aprayukta doSa se zUnya nahIM hai| isI prakAra 'kusumAMjaliH' zabda kA prayoga strIliGga meM kiyA gayA hai jabaki koSa meM 'aMjalirnA' isa ukti se pulliGga meM hI prayoga honA cAhie / ataeva yaha liGgadoSagrasta isa mahAkAvya meM aneka soM meM katipaya zlokoM kA kucha pada hI nahIM hai / yathA'abhAttamAM pItatamA hi dIpaivika svr............| gatastaTAkAntaramAzu haMsastyaktvAmukaM puSkaranAmakaM saH // "119 ukta sloka meM dvitIya caraNa aba bhI vikala hai| sarga paccIsa ke zloka aTThAsI meM jo padya kahA gayA hai, usakI sarga kI samApti hone para bhajanAvalI ke paMcama zloka ke dvArA punarAvRtti kara dI gayI hai / vaha zloka nimna prakAra hai "yadupazrutinirvRtizriyA kRtasake ta ivAtha kau dhiyAM / vijanaM hi janaikanAyakaH sahasaivAbhilalASacAyakaH // '120 4. chandobhaGgatA : prakRta mahAkAvya meM chandobhaGgatA bhI apanA sthAna banAye hue hai| jaise "kalpavallidalayoH zriyaM tayoH sadyojAtphalopalambhayoH / pANiyugmamapi cakriNo jayattacchiromRdugiro'bhyudAnayat // 121 ukta padya meM dvitIya caraNa meM chandobhaGga hai / aise hI Age zloka meM bhI yaha kamI hai"upalambhitamityathopakartuM hRdayenAbhyudayena nAmabhartuH / udayadivodayabhUbhRtastaTe tacchazibimbaM jayadevava krametat // 1122 yahAM bhI dvitIya caraNa vikala hai / 5. cyuta saMskRti : isakA udAharaNa nyUna hai phira bhI yatra-tatra prApta ho jAtA hai, jo avalokanIya hai "aho mahattvaM mahatAmihe daM sahanti zItAtapanAmakhedaM / druvatpareSAM sthitikAraNAya sadaiva yeSAM sahajo'bhyupAyaH // "123 prakRta padya meM 'sahanti' pada ke sthAna para 'sahante' prayoga karanA ucita hai, kintu aisA

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saptama adhyAya / 189 prayoga na hone se vyAkaraNa viruddha hai, kyoMki yaha dhAtu AtmanepadI hai / ___ isa prakAra uparyukta dikhAyI gayI sthitiyA~ prakRta mahAkAvya meM bahuzaH AyI huI haiN| lekina candra meM kalaGka hone para bhI adhika prakAzaka evaM jagadAhalAdakAraka hone se nitAnta darzanIya, ramaNIya evaM priya hai, yaha saba loga aGgIkAra karate haiM / isa dRSTi se isa mahAkAvya meM ukta kahe gaye doSa hI kevala candra kalaMka kI bhA~ti vidyamAna hai / candravat yaha mahAkAvya vijJajanoM se samAdaraNIya, cittAkarSaka, manojJa tathA prazaMsanIya hai| * * * phuTa noTa 1. nAnAbhAvopasampannaM nAnAvasthAntarAtmakam / lokavRttAnukaraNaM nATyametanmayA kRtam // - nA. zA., pra. a. 109 2. vayonurUpaH prathamastu veSo, veSAnarUpazca gtiprcaarH| ___gatipracArAnugataM ca pAThayaM, pAThyAnurUpo'bhinayazca kAryaH // - nA. zA. 14/68 3. adezajo hi veSastu na zobhAM janayiSyati / mekhalIrasi bandhe ca hAsyAyaivopajAyate // - nA. zA. 4. bhAmaha, kAvyAlaGkAra 1/54 5. kiMcidAzrayasaundaryAd dhatte zobhAmasAdhvapi / kAntAvilocananyastaM malImasamivAMjanam // - bhAmaha, kAvyAlaGkAra 1/55 6. samudAyArthazunyaM yat tadapArthamitISyate / unmatta-matta bAlAnAmukteranyatra duSyati / - kA. A. 4/5 7. zR. pra., bhAga-2, pR. 411 8. etAH prayatnAdadhigamya samyagaucityamAlocya tathArthasaMstham / ____mizrAH kavIndrairathanAlpadIrghAH kAryA muhuzcaiva gRhItamuktAH // - rudraTa kAvyA. 2/32 9. dhvanyAloka, 2/17, 18, 19 10. guNAnAtritya tiSThantI mAdhuryAdIn vyanakti sA / rasAstanniyamo heturaucityaM vktRvaacyyo| - dhvanyAloka 3/6 11. rasabhAvAditAtparyamAzritya vinivezanam / alaMkRtInAM sarvAsAmalaMkAratvasAdhanam // - dhva. vR. pRSTha-208 12. virodharasasambandhivibhAvAdi parigrahaH / vistareNAnvitasyApi vastuno'nyasya varNanam // akANDa eva vicchittirakANDecaprakAzanam / paripoSa gatasyApi paunaH punyena dIpanam / rasasya syAdvirodhAya vRtyanaucityameva ca // - dhva. 3/18, 19 (cau. saM.) . 13. anaucityAdRte nAnyadrasabhaGgasya kAraNam / prasiddhaucityabandhasta rasasyopaniSatparA // - dhva. pRSTha 362 (cau. saM.) 14. yuktyaucitya - pratizAMdikRto yastviha kazcana / anumAnavirodhaH sa kavimukhyairnigadyate // - sa. kaNThA . 1/75

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190 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 15. etat triSvapi mArgeSu guNAdvitayamujjvalam / padavAkyaprabandhAnAM vyApakatvena vartate // 16. AJjasena svabhAvasya mahattvaM yena poSyate / prakAreNa tadaucityamucitAkhyAna jIvitam // 17. yata vaktuH prabhAturvA vAcyaM zobhAtizAyinA / AcchAdyate svabhAvena tadApyaucityamucyate // * vakro. jI. 1/54 18. iha khalu dvividha manaucitya muktam arthaviSayaM zabda viSaya ceti / tatra vibhAvAnubhAvyabhicAriNAm ayathAyathaM raseSu yo viniyogaH tanmAtralakSaNa me kamantaraGgamAdyairavaumiti neha pratanyate / aparaM punaH bahiraGga bahuprakAraM saMbhavati tadyathAvidheyAvimarzaH prakramabheda:, kramabhedaH, paunarukatyaM vAcyavacanaMceti // vya. vi. u. 2, pRSTha-149, 151 19. dvedhA vibhAgaH kartavyaH sarvasyApIha vastunaH / sUcyameva bhavet kiMcid dRzyazravyamathANi vA / / nIraso'nucitastatra saMsUcyo vastuvistaraH / dRzyastu madhurodAttarasabhAvanirantara // 20. ucitaM prAhurAcAryAH sadRzaM kila yasya yat / ucitasya ca yo bhAvastadaucityaM pracakSate // 21. ucitasthAnavinyAsAdalaGkatiralaGkRtiH / au. vi. ca. kA. 7 au. vi. ca. kA. 6 aucityAdacyutA nityaM bhavantyeva guNA guNAH // 22. kaNThe mekhalayA nitambaphalake tAreNa hAreNa vA, pANau nUpurabandhanena careNa keyUrapAzena vA / zauryeNa praNate ripau karuNayA nAyAnti ke hAsyatA - vakro. jI. 1/57 vakro. jI. au. vi. ca. pRSTha-7 naucityena vinA ruciM pratanute nAlaGkRtinoM guNAH // 23. pade vAkye prabandhArthe guNe'laGkakaraNe rase / kriyAyAM kArake line vacane ca vizeSaNe // upasarge nipAte ca kAle deze kule vrate / tattve sattve'pyabhiprAye svabhAve sArasaMgrahe // pratibhAyAmavasthAyAM vicAre nAmyathAziSi / 1/53 - da. ru.1/56, 57 kAvya kAsyAGgeSu ca prAhuraucityaM vyApi jIvitam / / 24. alaGkArAstvalaGkArA guNA eva guNAH sadA / aucityaM rasa siddhasya sthiraM kAvyasya jIvitam // au. vi. ca. kA. 5 25. tilaka bibhratI sRktirbhAtyekamucitaM padam / candrAnaneva kastUrIkRtaM zyAmeva cAndanam // au. vi. ca. kA. 11 au. vi. ca. kA. 8, 9, 10 - 26. ja. ma. 6/16 27. ja. ma. 6/38 28. aucityaracitaM vAkyaM satataM saMmataM satAm / tyAgodagramivaizvarya zIlIjjvalamiva zrutam / - au. vi. ca. kA. 12 29. ja. ma. 6/114, 115, 116 30. ja. ma. 1/31 31. prastutArthocitaH kAvye bhavyaH saubhAgyavAnguNaH / syandatIndurivAnandaM saMbhogAkasaroditaH / au. vi. ca. kA. 14

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saptama adhyAya/191 32. ja. ma. 8/44 33.ja..ma. 10/111 34. arthocityavatA suktiralaGkAreNa zobhate / pInastanasthiteneva hAreNa hariNekSaNA // - au. vi. ca. kA. 15 35. ja. ma. 9/37 36.vahI. 13/17 37. kurvansarvAzaye vyAptimaucityara ciro rasaH / madhumAsa ivAzokaM karotyaGkuritaM manaH / - au. vi. ca. ka. 16 38. ja. ma. 9/40 39. ja. ma. 23/5 40.vahI. 8/54 41.ja. ma. 8/58 42. saguNatvaM suvRttattvaM sAdhutA ca virAjate / kAvyasya sujanasyeva sadyaucityavatI kriyA // - au. vi. ca. kA. 19 43. ja. ma. 10/119, 120 44. sAnvayaM zobhate vAkyamucitaireva kArakaiH / kulAbharaNamaizvaryamaudAryacaritairiva // - - au. vi. ca. kA. 20 45. ja. ma. 19/14 46. ja. ma. 18/98 47. vahI. 23/8 48. ja. ma. 11/85 49. ja. ma. 11/98 50. vahI. 11/6 51. ja. ma. 18/ 3 52. ja. ma. 18/4, 5, 6, 7 53. ucitaireva vacanaiH kAvyamAyAti cArutAm / adainyadhanyamanasAM vadanaM viduSAmiva // - - au. vi. ca. kA. 23 54. ja. ma. 10/111 55. ja. ma. 10/113 56. vizeSaNaiH samucitairvizeSyo'rthaH prakAzate / guNAdhikairguNodAraH suhRdiriva sajjanaH // 57. ja.ma.2/21 58. yogyothasargasaMsarganirargalaguNocitA / sUktirvivardhate sampatsanmArgagamanairiva // 59. ja. ma. 1/8 60. vahI. 3/35 61. ucitasthAnavinyastairnipAtairarthasaGgatiH / ___ upAdeyarbhavatyeva sacivairiva nizcalA // - au. vi. ca. kA. 25 62. ja. ma. 15/2 63. kAlaucityena yAtyeva vAkyamarthena cArutAm / ____ janAvarjanaramyeNa veSeNava satAM vapuH / / ___- au. vi. ca. kA. 26 64. ja. ma. 15/25 65. dezocityena kAvyArthaH sasaMvAdena zobhate / . paraM paricayAzaMsI vyavahAraH satAmiva / / - au. vi. ca. kA. 27 66. ja. ma. 20/2 67. ja. ma. 20/3 68.vahI. 20/4 69. kulopacitamaucityaM vizeSotkarSakAraNam / kAvyastha puruSasyeva priyaM prAyaH sacetasAm // - au. vi. ca. kA. 28 70. ja. ma. 28/3 71. vahI. 28/4 72.vahI. 28/5, 6 73. kAvyArthaH sAdhuvAdArhaH savrataucityagauravAt / santoSanirbharaM bhaktyA karoti janamAnasam // - au. vi. ca. kA. 29 74. ja. ma. 27/51 75. ja. ma. 27/65 76. kAvyaM hRdayasaMvAdi satyapratyayanizcayAt / tattvocitAbhimAnena yAtyupAdeyatA kave : // - oN. vi. ca. kA. 30

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192/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 77. ja. ma. 23/58, 59, 60 78. ja.. ma. 23/61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70 79. camatkAraM karotyeva vacaH sattvaucitaM kaveH / vicArarucirodAracaritaM sumateriva // - au. vi. ca. kA. 31 80. ja. ma. 25/4 81. akadarthanayA sUktamabhiprAyasamarthakam / cittamAvarjayatyeva satAM svasthamivArjavam // - au. vi. ca. kA. 32 82. ja. ma. 14/8, 9 83. svabhAvaucityamAbhAti sUktInAM cArubhUSaNam / akRtrimamasAmAnyaM lAvaNyamiva yoSitAm // - au. vi. ca. kA. 33 84. ja. ma. 13/19 85. sArasaGgrahavAkyena kAvyArthaH phalanizcitaH / ____ adIrghasUtravyApAra iva kasya na saMmataH // - au. vi. ca. kA. 34 86. ja. ma. 26/73 87. vahI. 26/7488. vahI. 26/75 89. ja. ma. 26/76 90. vahI. 26/77 . 91. pratibhAbharaNaM kAvyamucitaM zobhate kaveH / / nirmalaM suguNasyeva kulaM bhUtivibhUSitam // - au. vi. ca. kA. 35 92. ja. ma. 14/26 93. avasthaucityamAdhatte kAvyaM jagati pUjyatAm / vicArthamANaruciraM kartavyamiva dhImatAm // - au. vi. ca. kA. 36 94. ja. ma. 17/110 95. ucitena vicAreNa cArutAM yAnti suuktyH|| vedyasattvAvabodhena vidyA iva manISiNAm // - au. vi. ca. kA. 37 96. ja. ma. 25/ 3 97. vahI. 25/4 98. nAmnA karmAnurupeNa jJAyate guNadoSayoH / kAvyasya puruSasyeva vyaktiH saMvAdapAtinI // __ - au. vi. ca. kA. 38 99. ja. ma. 6/30, 33 100. ja. ma. 6/12, 34 101. purNArthadAtuH kAvyasya santoSitamanISiNaH / ucitAzIpasyeva bhavatyabhyudayAvahA // - au. vi. ca. kA. 39 102. ja. ma. 17/136 103. vahI. 22/87 104. vahI. 25/89 105. ucitArthavizeSeNa prabandhArthaH prakAzate / guNaprabhAvabhavyena vibhaveneva sajjanaH // - au. vi. ca. kA. 13 106. ja. ma. 10/80 107. ja. ma. 1/9 108. vahI. 7/92 109. vahI. 11/88 110. vahI. 17/57 utta. 111. vahI. 18/26 tR. ca. 112. vahI. 1/72 113. ja. ma. 20/26 114. vahI. 13/54 115. vahI. 9/15 pU. 116. vahI. 10/37 u. . 117. vahI. 10/88 118. vahI. 20/19 119. ja. ma. 15/33 120. vahI. 25/88 121.ja. ma. 20/13 122. vahI. 20/14 123. vahI. 19/115 000

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Zhu $ aSThama - adhyAya H meM chandoyojanA Wan Wan

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jayodaya mahAkAvya meM chandoyojanA 38838888888833333333 chandaH zAstra kA sAmAnya paricaya : "jayodaya mahAkAvya" kI chandoyojanA ke pUrva chanda kA sAmAnya paricaya, mahattA evaM upayogitA Adi para prakAza DAlanA anupayogI nahIM hogA / chandaHzAstra kI gaNanA vedAGga ke antargata hotI hai / chandoM ke binA vedamantroM kA adhyayana adhyApana sambhava nahIM hai / vaidika jJAna ke liye chandoM kA jJAna anivArya hai, anyathA usakA ThIka-ThIka jJAna nahIM ho paayegaa| isIliye chanda ko veda kA pAda kahA gayA hai / isI prakAra kAvya ke bhI pAda kA AdhAra chanda hI hai / yathA pAda ke binA sarvasAdhana sampanna vyakti bhI avaruddha gati bana jAtA hai, athavA apanI AdhAra bhUmi se hI vaMcita ho jAtA hai tadvat chanda ke abhAva, viSaya, anurUpa chanda kI yojanA se samagra rasa, rasa bhAvAdi sampanna bhI kavi kA kAvya svAbhAvika, abhISTa, samutkRSTa paddhati meM zithila pratIta hotA hai / kAvya meM jisa prakAra guNa aura alaGkAra kA sthAna hai, vaise hI chandoyojanA kA bhI mukhya sthAna hai| durbhAgyavaza hamArI AsthA jitanI alaGkArika Adi para kAvyoM meM rahatI hai, utanI chandoM para nahIM / isake aneka kAraNa bana sakate haiM - 1. prathama to yaha hai ki chanda kyoMki abhivyakti ke mAdhyama haiM ataH unakI sImA vahIM taka mAnI gyii| 2. dvitIya yaha ki kAvyazAstra ke prathama caraNa meM jahA~ alaGkAra-guNa- rasAdi sabhI tattvoM ko alaMkAra mAnA gayA vahIM sambhavataH chanda ko bhI AtmasAt karane kI pravRtti nahIM rhii| 3. tRtIya yaha ki chanda kA abhAva yA usakI upekSA kA eka anya kAraNa yaha bhI ho sakatA hai ki varNya viSaya ke sAtha samanvaya kA na honA / kyoMki chandobaddhatA kahIM viSaya ke pratikUla par3a jAtI hai| 4. caturtha yaha hai ki ajJAnavaza athavA chanda ke prati abhiruci na hone se chanda ko kAvyazAstra kI paridhi meM nahIM kiyA gayA ho| ataeva aise vicAroM ke vyakti kAvya zarIrAntargata chanda ko nahIM mAnate / isaliye chanda kAvya kA alaGkAra mAtra hai, mUla tattva nahIM / yahI nahIM katipaya vicArakoM kA mata hai ki sarvazreSTha kAvya kI sattA chanda ke binA bhI ho sakatI hai / kintu vicAra karane para ukta mata samIcIna nahIM pratIta hotA / kyoMki chandaH zAstra itanA samIkSita zAstra hai ki usakI nAntarIyakatA meM kisI prakAra kA koI saMzaya nahIM ho sakatA / varNa evaM mAtrAoM ke dvArA chandoM kA nirmANa hotA hai / jisa prakAra viSNu se trailokya

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aSThama adhyAya/195 vyApta hai, tadvat varNa mAtrAdi se samagra zAstra vyApta hai / isaliye aise vyApaka stambha kA tyAga nahIM ho sakatA / ataeva kAvyamImAMsAkAra rAjazekhara ne 'romANi chandAMsi' isa paMkti se sarvatra vyApta chanda ko sthAna diyA hai / jisa prakAra 'chandaH pAdau tu vedasya' yaha ukti vaidika jJAna ko chanda ke mAdhyama se gatizIlatA evaM pravAha pradAna karatI hai, usI prakAra 'romANi chandAMsi' yaha rAjazekharokti bhI (kAvya kA roma chanda hai) kAvya meM gatizIlatA evaM pravAha pradAna karane meM samartha hai / mAnava mana meM koI bhAva jaba utpanna hotA hai, usakI abhivyakti ke sAkSAt paricAyaka roma hI hote haiM / vyakti ke romAMca ko dekhakara usake anta:karaNa ke bhAvoM kA avadhAraNa ho jAtA hai / evameva kAvyIya chandoM ko dekhakara usameM nihita bhAvoM kA jJAna vyakti saralatA se kara letA hai / nATya zAstra-praNetA AcArya bharata muni kA udghoSa hai ki 'chandavihIna zabda koI zabda nahIM hai / " kAvya meM abhivyakta kiye jAne vAle padArthoM evaM bhAvoM ke prakAzana meM chanda kA pramukha sthAna hai / saphala kavi vahI hai jo abhISTa bhAva ke liye tadnurUpa chandoM kI yojanA kara sake / anurUpa chanda meM varNita viSaya marmasparzI, hRdayAvarjaka evaM rocaka ho jAtA hai / ataeva kavi mano vaijJAnika evaM saMgItajJa bhI hotA hai / isaliye pAzcAtya samIkSaka kAlarija bhI yaha mAnatA hai ki kavitA chandobaddha honI cAhiye, usameM saMgIta honA caahiye| bhAva ke nAdamaya svarUpa ko jAnane ke liye saMgIta kI AvazyakatA par3atI hai / prApta manogatabhAva ko kavi chanda aura bhASA ke mAdhyama se pAThaka meM mUrta kara detA hai / bhAvoM ke sacce parivAhaka chanda hI haiN| laya chandoM kA prANa hai / nAda meM susaMgatA aura suSamAmaya kampana ko laya kahate haiN| nAda kA yaha kampana hI jIvana kA cihna hai / usI prakAra kavitA ke jIvana kA cihna chanda hai / chanda hamAre jIvana meM vizeSa preraNA bharate rahate haiM / chanda se sUkti meM sajIvatA AtI hai| vaha sUkti mAnava meM jIvana kA saMcAra karatI hai / chanda meM varNa aura mAtrA sambandhI vizeSa niyamoM kA anusaraNa hotA hai / kramavizeSa meM prayukta varNa aura mAtrA vizeSa prakAra kA prabhAva utpanna karate haiM / mAtrA ke bheda se uccAraNa ke bheda hote haiM / uccAraNa bheda se prabhAva meM bhI vilakSaNatA AtI hai / prabhAva vailakSaNya se phalabheda bhI hotA hai / bhAvAnukUla chandoM kA bhI parivartana hotA rahatA hai / bhAvAnukUla chandaH parivartana se prati chanda ke kSetra meM eka navInatA parilakSita hotI hai / usa navInatA se hI kavitA meM ramaNIyatA AtI hai| ___chandaHzabda kI vyutpatti maharSi yAska ne nirukta meM chad dhAtu se batalAyI hai jo AcchAdanArthaka hai / 'chandAMsi chAdanAt' vedArtha kA AcchAdana karane ke kAraNa inheM chanda kahate haiM / nirukta kI TIkA meM AcArya durga kA bhI kathana hai ki mRtyu se trasta devoM ne bhI chandoM ke dvArA svAtma rakSA kI, isIliye inheM chanda kahA jAtA hai / kAlAntara meM veda ke liye 'chanda' zabda kA aupacArika prayoga hone lgaa| 'chandavat sUtrANibhavanti''zrI triyaMzchando'dhIte','vahulaM chandasi'

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196/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana ityAdi vaiyAkaraNoM ke saMketa bhI isakI puSTi karate haiM / isa prakAra bhASA ke liye bhI chanda zabda kA prayoga kAlAntara meM hone lgaa| mahAbhASya meM 'atha zabdAnuzAsanam' se upakrama bA~dhakara 'teSAMzazabdAnAM' isa prazna ke uttara meM 'laukikAnAM vaidikAnAJceti' isa uttara ke mAdhyama se bhASamANa zabda ke do prakAra siddha ho jAte haiM, vaidika aura laukik| veda ke artha meM chanda zabda kA prayoga mahAkavi kAlidAsa ne bhI 'praNavazchandasAmiva' raghuvaMza mahAkAvya meM kahakara vyakta kiyA hai| jisa kavitA meM mAtrA evaM varNoM ke krama aura yati' ke niyama tathA kahIM caraNakI samatA pAyI jAtI hai athavA viSamatA bhI ho to use chandobaddha kavitA kahate haiM / kyoMki chanda kA artha hai bandhana / yaha kavitA ko saundarya pradAna karatA hai / jisa prakAra nadI ke taTa apane bandhana se dhArA kI gati ko surakSita rakhate haiM, usake binA vaha apanI hI bandhanahInatA meM apanA pravAha kho baiThatA hai, usI prakAra chanda bhI apane niyantraNa meM rAga ko spandana, kalpanAdi pradAna kara nirjIva zabdoM meM bhI saundarya bhara dete haiM / chandaH zAstra ke AcArya : / ___prAvInatama grantha Rgveda kI chandobaddhatA isa zAstra ke aitihya ke purAtanatA kA dyotaka hai / isa zAstra ke prAcInatama AcArya piMgala haiM / inakA samaya lagabhaga 300 I. pU. kA hai| inakA grantha 'chanda sUtram' isa nAma se abhihita hai / isa zAstra ke dvitIya AcArya kAlidAsa hai / inakA samaya I. pU. 57 hai / ' zrutabodha' inakI prasiddha racanA hai| kSemendra kA bhI sthAna isa zAstra kI dRSTi se stutya hai / 1050 I. meM racita 'suvRtta tilaka' kA yahA~ mahAn yogadAna hai / dvAdaza zatAbdI meM nirmita 'vRtta ratnAkara' eka lokapriya racanA hai / kedAra bhaTTa kI yaha mahAn dena hai| 1086 - 1172 I. lagabhaga kI racanA 'chando'nuzAsanam' chandaH zAstra meM atyupayogI grantha hai / AcArya hemacandra kI yaha mahAn dena hai / gaMgAdAsa dvArA racita 'chandomaJjarI' eka sarala tathA pracalita chandaHzAstra kI racanA hai| yaha pandrahavIM zatAbdI meM nirmita hai / dAmodara mizra kA 'vANIbhUSaNa' isa zAstra kI dRSTi se anupama hai| yaha solahavIM zatAbdI meM nirmita huA hai| duHkhabhaMjana racita unnIsavIM zatAbdI kA 'vAgvallabha' grantha bhI chandaH zAstra kI eka prasiddha aura mahatvapUrNa racanA hai /

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aSThama adhyAya / 197 etadatirikta 'prAkRta paiMgalam' nAmaka chandaHzAstra kI eka anya racanA hai, jisake lekhaka kA nAma ajJAta hai| zrI mahAdeva bhaTTa praNIta 'chandovRtti' jo aSTa adhyAyoM meM viracita hai, chandaH zAstra .. meM yaha eka apUrNa grantha hai / bhagavAn bharata kA bhI inhoMne apane zabdoM se satkAra kiyA hai| yaha grantha aprakAzita hone ke kAraNa upalabdha nahIM hai tathApi sampUrNAnanda saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI ke 'sarasvatI-bhavana' meM vidyamAna hai| urdhva varNita AcAryoM ne svarUpa aura prakAra Adi kA jo vivecana prastuta kiyA hai usakI vyApakatA meM na jAkara, saMkSipta vivecanA kara 'jayodaya-mahAkAvya' isakI paridhi meM kitanA saphala ho pAyA hai, kA vivecana kreNge| ___ chanda jisakA apara nAma vRtta bhI hai, yaha samavRtta ardhasamavRtta evaM viSamavRtta' ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA hotA hai / yaha prAyaH varNoM kI laghutA evaM gurutA ke siddhAnta para apane kSetra ko pUrNa karatA hai jisakA vizleSaNa kucha isa prakAra hai - 1. hrasva svara ko laghu svara kahate haiM, jo kramazaH a, i, u, R, la haiM / 2. dIrgha svara ko guru svara kahate haiM, jo kramazaH A, I, U, R, e, ai, o, au hai / 3. chanda meM yadi laghu svara ke anantara anusvAra, visarga athavA koI saMyukta vyaMjana hogA, vaha laghu svara bhI dIrgha kI saMjJA se abhihita hotA hai / 4. caraNAnta svara, chanda kI AvazyakatAnurUpa vikalpa se laghu evaM guru hotA hai / sAnusvAra, hrasva, dIrgha, visarga yukta evaM saMyoga varNa se pUrva varNa guru hotA hai / pAdAnta laghu varNa vikalpa se guru hotA hai - "sAnusvArazcadIrghazca visargau ca gurubhaveta / varNaH saMyoga pUrvazca tathApAdAntago'pi vA // " 5. chandaH zAstra meM 'la' ko laghu evaM 'lau' ko do laghu kahate haiM tathA 'ga' kA artha guru evaM 'gau' kA artha do guru hotA hai / laghu kA cihna (1) hotA hai, evaM guru kA cihna (5) hotA hai / catuSpadI padya ke nAma se abhihita hai / zloka kA caturthaMza pAda yA caraNa kahalAtA hai / vRtta evaM jAti ke bheda se yaha padya bhI do prakAra kA hotA hai| prAyaH tIna vargoM kA samUha gaNa kahalAtA hai / varNita chandoM kI racanA gaNoM ke AdhAra para hotI hai / gaNa prAyaH ATha hote haiM, jo kramaza isa prakAra haiM : (1) yagaNa (2) magaNa (3) tagaNa (4) ragaNa (5) jagaNa (6) bhagaNa (7) nagaNa (8) sagaNa

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198/ jayAdaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana ... ina gaNoM kA sasauvidhya jJAna adholikhita sUtra ke dvArA kiyA jAtA hai - sUtra 'yamAtArAjabhAnasalagA' / isake jJAnArtha nimna varNita zloka atyadhika sahAyaka ___ "mastrigurustrilaghuzcanakAro bhAdiguruH punarAdilaghuryaH / jo gurumadhyagato ralamadhyaH so'ntaguruH kathito'ntalaghustaH // '' AdimadhyAvasAneSu yaratA yAnti lAghavam / bha-ja-sA, gauravaM yAnti, manau tu guru lAghavam // 112 isakI saralatA ke lie gaNoM kA nAma, svarUpa, devatA, phala, mitrAmitra tathA zubhAzubha kA bhI nirdeza kiyA gayA hai, jo isa prakAra hai :-13 gaNanAma yagaNa magaNa tagaNa ragaNa. jagaNa bhagaNa nagaNa sagaNa ) svarUpa |'' / ' / // // // devatA jala pRthvI gagana agni sUrya candra svarga vAyu phala . buddhi zrI dhananAza vinAza rAga yaza Ayu bhramaNa mitrAmitra dAsa mitra udAsIna zatru udAsIna dAsa mitra zatru zubhAzubha zubha zubha azubha azubha azubha zubha zubha azubha __ bhASA kI gati aura pravAha Adi se bhI chandoM kA pragAr3ha sambandha hai / ataeva vaidika bhASA ke chanda, laukika bhASA ke chandoM se sAmya nahIM rakhate haiM / isI prakAra vibhinna bhASAoM ke chanda bhI ukta bheda se grasta haiM / bhASA kA pravAha apanI anukUlatA hetu navIna chandoM ke nirmANa ke liye bAdhya karatA hai / saMskRta jagat meM veda ke pazcAt laukika chanda maharSi vAlmIki ke mukha se prathama-prathama anuSTup ke rUpa meM abhivyakta huA / tatpazcAt mahAbhArata evaM anyAnya kAvyoM meM bhI pUrNarUpa se sthAna prApta kiyA / vyApaka prabhAva ko saMgata, vyavasthita, maryAdita evaM rasAnukUla svarUpa pradAna karanA chanda kA kArya hai / chanda, abhipreta rasa kA anugAmI hotA hai / isaliye rasAnukUla vRtta (chanda) kA prayoga Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai / isakA samarthana AcArya kSemendra bhI karate haiM / ___anucita vRtta kA prayoga zobhAdAyaka nahIM hotA / jisa prakAra kisI lalanA ke madhyabhAga meM pahanI jAne vAlI mekhalA kaNTha meM dhAraNa kI jAya to upahAsAspada hI hotI hai / yathA "vRtta ratnAvalI kAmAdasthAne vinivezitA / kathayatyazatimevamekhaleva galekRtA // 15 isalie chandoM kA upayoga rasa evaM bhAva ke anurUpa hI kavi jana karate haiM /

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aSThama adhyAya / 199 prakRta 'jayodaya mahAkAvya' meM adhikAMzata: upendravajrA, indravajrA, upajAti, vasantatilakA, zArdUlavikrIDita, mAlinI, sundarI, drutavilambita, vaMzastha mandAkrAntA Adi jaise chandoM kA prayoga bahulatA se kiyA gayA hai / yahA~ hama prakRta mahAkAvya ke pratyeka sarga meM Aye hue chandoM kI vivecanA sarga-krama se prastuta kareMge / jayodaya mahAkAvya meM chandoM-yojanA isa mahAkAvya meM jisa prakAra sargoM kI bahulatA hai, vaise hI chandoM kI bhI saMkhyA ananta prAya hai / prathama sarga upendravajrA chanda se Arambha kiyA gayA hai / upendravajrA : kedAra bhaTTa praNIta vRtta ratnAkAra meM isakA lakSaNa isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai - jisa chanda meM jagaNa, tagaNa, jagaNa usake pazcAt do guru ho use upendra vajrA kahate haiM / isI prakAra chandomaJjarI meM bhI diyA gayA hai ki indravajrA ke hI prathama akSara ko laghu kara dene se 'upendravajrA' chanda hotA hai" / udAharaNa jaise : "zriyAzrita sanmatimAtmayuktayA'khilajJamIzAnamapItimuktayA / tanomi natvA jinapaM subhaktyA jayodayaM svAbhyudayAya zaktayA // 18 isa sarga meM ikyAsI zloka paryanta upendravajrA chanda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / zloka saMkhyA bayAsI se upajAti chanda dikhAyA gayA hai - upajAti : upajAti kA lakSaNa vRttaratnAkara ke tRtIya adhyAya meM zloka saMkhyA tIsa meM diyA hai ki jahA~ indravajrA aura upendravajrA Adi chandoM ke caraNa milAkara nirmANa kiye jAte haiM vahA~ do vRttoM kA sAMkarya hone se upajAti chanda kahalAtA hai| upajAti ke caudaha bheda TIkAkAra batAye haiM jo vakSyamANa paMktiyoM meM avalokanIya haiM - (1) kIrti, (2) vANI, (3) mAlA, (4) zalA, (5) haMsI, (6) mAyA, (7) jAyA, (8) vAlA, (9) ArdrA, (10) bhadrA, (11) premA, (12) rAmA, (13) Rddhi, (14) buddhi prakRta mahAkAvya meM prApta ukta prabhedoM kA kucha udAharaNa draSTavya hai vANI : jahA~ prathama caraNa indravajrA dvitIya upendravajrA tRtIya caturtha indravajrA ho use vANI nAmaka upajAti kahate haiM / yathA - "zrIcampakA enamanenasantu tiraHzirazcAlanatastuvantu / koSAntarutthAlikadambhavantaH pApAni vApAyabhiyogirantaH // '

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200/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana mAlA : jisameM pUrvArdha upendravajrA uttarArdha indravajrA ho use mAlA nAmaka upajAti kahate haiM / yathA - "azoka Alokya patiM hyazokaM prazAntacittaM vykstsurokm| rAgeNa rAjIvadRzaH sametaM pAdaprahAraM sa kutaH saheta // 120 zalA : jisameM pUrvArdha indravajrA tRtIya caraNa upendravajrA caturtha indravajrA ho use zalA nAmaka upajAti kahate haiM / jaise : "ArAma ArAtpariNAmadhAmabhUpadmakaccha adRzAbhirAmaH / / vilokaya~llokapatiM rajAMsi muJcatyasau cAnutara~starAMsi // 121 rAmA : jisameM pUrvArdha indravajrA aura uttarArdha meM upendravajrA ho use rAmA nAmaka upajAti kahate haiM / udAharaNa - "yasyAntaraGgeDadabhutabodhadIpaH pApapratIpaM tamupetya nIpaH / svayaM hi tAvaja'tAbhyatIta upaiti puSTiM sumanaHpratItaH // "22 Rddhi : jahA~ prathama caraNa upendravajrA dvitIya indravajrA tRtIya evaM caturtha upendravajrA ho use Rddhi nAmaka upajAti kahate haiM, jisakA eka udAharaNa prastuta hai - "paropakAraikavicArahArAtkArAmivArAdhya guNAdhikArAm / alaGkarotyAmratarurvizeSaM sakautuko'yaM parapuSTa vezam // 123 zloka satAsI meM bhI mAlA nAmaka upajAti ko kavi ne dikhAyA hai / anuSTup : . mahAkavi bhUrAmala zAstrI jI ke grantha meM prayukta padyoM kI parigaNanA se yaha suspaSTa hotA hai ki anuSTup unakA apara priya chanda hai / pUrvavartI mahAkavi kAlidAsa ne anuSTup kA prayoga vistRta kathA ke saMkSepa sAdhAraNa ghaTanAoM ke varNana, upadeza pradAna karane Adi sthaloM meM prayukta kiyA hai| zAstrI jI ke bhI mahAkAvya meM kucha aisI hI ghaTanAoM meM yaha vRtta prayukta hai / viSaya gAmbhIrya ke avasara kA pradarzana kavigaNa choTe-choTe vRttoM ke mAdhyama se upasthita karate haiM / 'jayodaya mahAkAvya' kA pratyeka sarga isI vRtta meM upanibaddha hai / AcAryoM ne isa vRtta ke sabhI caraNoM meM paMcama varNa ko laghu evaM SaSTha varNa ko guru svIkAra kiyA hai / dvitIya aura caturtha caraNa meM saptama varNa laghu, prathama aura tRtIya meM guru hotA hai - "paMcamaM laghu sarvatra saptamaM dvicaturthayoH . / . SaSThaM guru vijAnIyAdetatadyasya lakSaNam // 124 isa chanda ke pratyeka caraNa meM ATha varNa hote haiM / mahAkavi ne apane grantha meM isa niyama kA pUrNataH paripAlana kiyA hai / yathA -

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aSThama adhyAya/201 "gire tyamRtasAriNyA zrIvanaJcAnukurvataH / babhUva bhUpateH kSetraM sakalaM cAGkarAGkitam // 25 isake atirikta anekazaH zloka prakRta mahAkAvya meM avalokanIya haiM / AryA : jisake prathama tRtIya caraNa meM dvAdaza, dvitIya meM aTThAraha aura caturtha meM pandraha mAtrA ho use AryA chanda kahate haiM / isake bahuzaH udAharaNa prApta haiM / jaise - ___"kaNTakita ivAkRSTazcakSurdikSu kSipaJchanairacalat / chAyAchAditasaraNau guNena vipinazriyaH zrImAn // 26 drutavilambitaH jisa chanda ke pratyeka caraNa meM kramaza: nagaNa, do bhagaNa aura ragaNa hote haiM use drutavilambita' chanda kahate haiM / pAda meM yati hotA hai / udAharaNartha isa vRtta meM parigumphita eka zloka darzanIya sa "kusumasatkulataH padapaGkajadvayamamuSya sametya zilomukhAH / svakRtadoSavizuddhividhitsayA samupabhAnti lavA athavAgasaH // 128 yaha chanda isa sarga ke ukta zloka se lekara sau zloka paryanta dikhAyA gayA hai / punaH sarga kI samApti zArdUlavikrIDita chanda se kI gayI hai / zArdUlavikrIDita : jisameM magaNa, sagaNa, jagaNa, sagaNa aura do tagaNa tathA anta meM eka guru ho evaM bAraha tathA sAta para yati ho, vaha 'zArdUlavikrIDita' nAmaka chanda kahalAtA hai / pratyeka sarga kI samApti isI chanda se kI gayI hai, jisakA eka udAharaNa prastuta hai : "zrImAn zreSThi caturbhujaH sa suSuve bhUrAmalopAhvayaM, vANIbhUSaNamastriyaM dhRtavarIdevI ca yaM dhIcayaM // tenAsminnudite jayodayanayaproddhArasArAzritaH, nAnAnavyanivedanAtizayavAn sargo'yamAdirgataH // 30 rathoddhatA : ___jayodaya mahAkAvya kA dUsarA sarga rathoddhatA chanda se prArambha hokara eka sau chabbIsa zloka paryanta taka calatA hai / jisa chanda ke eka pAda meM kramazaH ragaNa se pare nagaNa, ragaNa, eka laghu aura eka guru hote haiM, vaha rathoddhatA nAmaka chanda haiM' / yathA - "saMhitAyamanuyan dine dine saMhitAya jagato jinezine / saMhitAJjalirahaM kilAdhunA saMhitArthamanuvacmi gehinAm // '132

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202 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana indravajrA : - yadi chanda ke prathama caraNa meM kramaza: do tagaNa eka jagaNa aura do guru hoM to use indravajrA vRtta kahate haiM / yahA~ pAda meM yati hotA hai| isakA eka udAharaNa draSTavya hai - " hor3hAkRtaM ghUtamathAha netA saMklezito'sminvijito'pi jetA / nAnAku karmAbhiruciM sameti he bhavya dUrAdamukaM tyajeti // 3 isa vRtta kA prayoga anantaprAya hai / 134 bhujaGgaprayAta : jisa chanda ke cAroM caraNoM meM cAra yagaNa hoM use bhujaGgaprayAta chanda kahate haiM / jaise" trasAnAM tanurmAMsanAmnA prasiddhA yaduktizca vijJeSu nityaM niSiddhA / suzAkeSu satsvapyaho taM jighAMsurdhigenaM manuSyaM parAsRpipAsum // "36 vasantatilaka : jisameM tagaNa, bhagaNa, jagaNa puna: jagaNa aura anta meM do guru hoM, usa chanda ko 'vasantatilaka' kahate haiM / isa vRtta se bhare huye mahAkAvya meM se eka padya 'sthAlIpulAki ' nyAya se kara rahA hU~ / yathA prastuta loke bhaGgA dhIbhraMzanaM ghRNAM tamAkhu samupayan madaka ddhirasmin sulabhAdibhiraGga vacmi 1 paravazatvamupaiti dainya na so'sti dhanyaH masmAnmaditvamupayAti isI sarga ke agrima zloka meM sragviNI chanda draSTavya hai - : 11 1138 - sragviNI : jisake eka pAda meM cAra ragaNa hoM, use sragviNI chanda kahate haiM / jaise "mAkSikaM makSikAvrAtaghAtotthitaM tatkulakledasambhAradhArAnvitama / pIDayitvA'pyakAruNyamAnIyate sAMzibhirvaMzibhiH kinnu tatpIyate // " 1140 sundarI : yadi prathama tathA tRtIya pAda meM do sagaNa eka jagaNa aura eka guru hoM tathA dvitIya aura caturtha pAda meM sagaNa, bhagaNa, ragaNa tathA eka laghu aura eka guru hoM, to 'sundarI' nAmaka chanda hotA hai" / kucha loga ise viyoginI nAma se smaraNa karate haiM / isakA eka udAharaNa draSTavya hai / yathA

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aSThama adhyAya / 203 "gaNikA'paNikA 'khilainasAMmaNikA catvarageva sarvasAt / kaNikA'pi na zarmaNastanojhaNi kA'syAM praNayo nayojjhitaH // 42 baMzasthabila : jisake cAroM caraNa meM jagaNa, tagaNa, jagaNa, ragaNa ho use 'baMzasthabila' chanda kahate haiM / isa vRtta se pUrNa mahAkAvya ke katipaya zloka avadheya haiM - (ka) "sa sarpiNI vIkSya sahazrutazrutAmathaikadA'nyena batAhinA rtaam| pratarjayAmAsa karasthakaJjataH saheta vidvAnapade kuto ratam // 44 (kha) "gatAnugatyA'nyajanairathAhatA mRtA ca sA'kAmukanirjarAvRtA / gaterSayA nAthacarAmarAGganA bhavaM babhANoktamudantamunmanAH // 45 isI prakAra isa vRtta se koI sarga vaMcita nahIM hai / zikhariNI : jisake cAroM caraNa meM yagaNa, magaNa, nagaNa, sagaNa, bhagaNa tathA anta meM eka laghu aura eka guru ho, use zikhariNI chanda kahate haiM / chaH aura gyAraha para virAma hotA hai / isa vRtta ke citraNa meM siddhahasta mahAkavi ke prakRta mahAkAvya se eka zloka uddhRta hai - "abhUd dArAsAre Svakhilamapi vRttaM tvanuvadan, samAsInaH samyak sapadi janatAnandajanakaH / tadetacchu tvA'sau vighaTitamanomohamacirAt, surazcintAM cake manasi kulaTAyAH kuTilatAm // 147 aise hI bahuzaH udAharaNa grantha meM bhare par3e haiN| . pRthvI : jisa chanda ke cAroM caraNoM meM jagaNa, sagaNa, jagaNa, sagaNa, yagaNa laghu tathA anta meM guru ho aura ATha tathA nau akSaroM para yati ho, use pRthvI chanda kahate haiM / isakA lakSaNa chandomaJjarI meM isa prakAra diyA gayA hai - "jasau jasayalA vasugrahayatizca pRthvI guruH / 48 isa vRtta se upanibaddha eka zloka draSTavya hai - "anaGka ritakUrcakaM sasitadugdhamugdhastavaM, bhunaktyapi sakUrcakaM lavaNabhAvabhRttaka vat / na dRSTu mapi phANTa vaddhavalakUrcakaM vAJcha tI tyaho puruSamekakaM kSititale tridhA sAJcati // 149 isa prakAra isa sarga ke zeSa zloka meM anuSTup, upendravajrA, upajAti, rathoddhatA, prabhRti chandoM kA varNana kara zArdUlavikrIDita chanda se sarga kA paryavasAna kara diyA gayA hai /

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204 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana isI prakAra tRtIya sarga meM mahAkavinerathoddhatA, anuSTupa, upajAti, vasantatilaka, upendravajrA, zArdUlavikrIDita prabhRti chandoM se varNana kara zArdUlavikrIDita dvArA sarga kI samApti kara dI hai / isa sarga meM Aye hue sabhI chandoM kA varNana Upara kara diyA gayA hai / ataH inakI punarAvRtti kI koI AvazyakatA nhiiN| caturtha sarga meM Aye hue chandoM kA vivecana isa prakAra hai - svAgatA : jisa chanda ke eka pAda meM kramazaH ragaNa, nagaNa, bhagaNa aura do guru hote haiM, use 'svAgatA' chanda kahate haiM / vRttaratnAkAra ke tRtIya adhyAya ke zloka untAlisa meM bhI yahI lakSaNa diyA gayA hai / isa vRtta kA prayoga mahAkavi ne caturtha sarga ke prArambha se lekara paiMsaTha zloka paryanta kiyA hai, jisameM eka udAharaNa prastuta hai - "yAvadAgamayate'tha narendrAn kAzikAnarapatirnijakendrAta / - AdirAja idamAha suramparka kIrtimacirAdupagamya // '51 paMcama sarga meM bhI prathama zloka se lekara bahattara zloka paryanta svAgatA chanda hai / punaH Age ke zloka se chanda badala gayA hai jo draSTavya hai - tAmarasa : jisa chanda ke eka pAda meM kramazaH nagaNa, do jagaNa aura yagaNa hote haiM, use tAmarasa kahate haiM / yathA - "yuvamanasIti vitarka vidhAtrI sukRtamahAmahimodayapAtrI / sadasamavApa manoharagAtrI pariNatimeti yayA khalu dhAtrI // ''53 isa sarga ke nabbe zloka paryanta ukta varNita chandoM kA hI prayoga huA hai ataH unakA punaH varNana apekSita nhiiN| indravaMzA: jisa chanda ke cAroM caraNa meM do tagaNa, eka jagaNa, eka ragaNa ho use indravaMzA chanda kahate haiM / yathA - "zUrA budhA vA kavayo girIzvarAH sarve'pyamI maGgalatAmabhIpsavaH / kaH saumyamUrtirmama kaumudAzrayo'smin saGgahe syAttu zanaizcarAmyaham // "55 mattamayUra : jisa chanda ke cAroM caraNoM meM magaNa, tagaNa, yagaNa, sagaNa evaM eka guru ho use mattamamayUra chanda kahate haiM / isa chanda meM caturtha aura navama varNa para yati hotI hai / isakA udAharaNa avalokanIya hai - "svaGgI yUnAM kAmikamodAmRtadhArAM yacchantI yadvadvikalAnAM kamalAram / bandhUkoSThI nAmikamApAlaya garbha bhavyaM svata yannavagaurAjirazobham // ''57

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aSThama adhyAya /205 isake atirikta isI sarga meM vaMzastha, upajAti, upendravajrA Adi vibhinna chandoM meM varNana kara anta meM mattamayUra chanda kA prayoga karate hue sargAnta zArdUlavikrIDita chanda se kiyA gayA hai, jisakA vivecana Upara kiyA jA cukA hai| SaSTha sarga kA prArambha AryA chanda se huA hai / AryA ke bhedoM ke sAtha isameM Aye hue anya vRttoM kA varNana bhI prastuta hai - AryA jAti ke aneka bheda haiM / jisameM vipulA kA lakSaNa hai ki AryA chanda ke pUrvArdha uttarArdha donoM meM tIna gaNa pAra kara arthAt bAraha mAtrA pAra karake cauthe gaNa para virAma hotA hai, aise chanda ko vipulA AryA kahate haiM / parantu tRtIya adhyAya ke zloka cAra kI TIkA meM nArAyaNa bhaTTa TIkAkAra ne yaha bhI likhA hai ki piMgala sUtra ke vivecanAnusAra vipulA ke tIna bheda hote haiM - mukha vipulA, jaghana vipulA, ubhaya vipulA (mahA vipulA) / mukha vipulA : jahA~ para pUrvArdha meM tIna gaNa ke bAda arthAt cauthe gaNa para virAma ho to use mukha vipulA kahate haiM / jaise - "vaidyopaka masahitAMstatra nabhogAdhibhuva imAn suhitA / tatyAja sapadi dUrA madhurAdharapiNDakhajUrA // 58 jaghana vipulA : yadi uttarArdha hI meM tIna gaNa ke pazcAt cauthe gaNa para virAma ho to jaghana vipulA kahA jAtA hai / prakRta grantha meM isakA koI udAharaNa prApta nahIM hai / mahA vipulA : yadi pUrvArdha uttarArdha donoM meM isa prakAra ke virAma ho to use mahAvipulA yA ubhaya vipulA kahA jAtA hai / tIna gaNa ke pazcAt yaha virAma kahIM bhI ho sakatA hai| kyoMki Age bhI AryA ke bhedoM meM isa prakAra ke udAharaNa dekhe jAte haiM / mahAvipulA kA udAharaNa vipulA lakSaNAtmaka zloka bhI ho jAtA hai / yathA - "kimamISAM viSaye'nyatpavitrakaTimaNDale ca nigadAmi / suratAnusArisamayairvA mAnavavismayAyA'mI // '59 isake atirikta AryA kA vizeSa varNana kara svAgatA tathA zArdUlavikrIDita chandoM meM varNana kara sarga kI samApti kara dI gayI hai| ___pUre saptama sarga meM anuSTup, rathoddhatA, sundarI, vasantatilaka chanda kA varNana kara anta meM zArdUlavikrIDita chanda se sarga kI samApti kara dI gayI hai / aSTa sarga meM Agata chandoM meM upendravajrA, indravajrA, upajAti, AryA, anuSTup kA varNana kara zArdUlavikrIDita se sarga kI samApti kara dI gayI hai| navam sarga meM drutavilambita, indravajrA, upendravajrA, rathoddhatA, AryA tathA anta meM zArdUlavikrIDita chanda se sarga kA paryavasAna kiyA gayA hai / ina sabhI chandoM kA varNana Upara kara diyA gayA hai koI nUtana chanda kA prayoga nahIM haA hai|

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206 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana isake atirikta dasama sarga meM sundarI, anuSTup vasantatilaka, rathoddhatA chandoM kA varNana eka sau pandraha zloka ke anantara puSpitAgrA chanda kA prayoga huA hai, jisakA lakSaNa - udAharaNa nimnalikhita hai puSpitAgrA : prathama tathA tRtIya pAda meM do nagaNa tathA eka ragaNa ke anantara yagaNa hone para tathA dvitIya aura caturtha pAda meM nagaNa, jagaNa, jagaNa, ragaNa tathA eka guru hone se puSpitAgrA nAmaka chanda hotA hai / yathA - "abhavadapi parasparaprasAdaH punarubhayoriha toSapoSavAdaH / uSasi diganurAgiNIti pUrvA ravirapi hRSTavapurvido vidurvA // 61 isa chanda ke bAda sarga ke anta meM zArdUlavikrIDita kA prayoga kara sarga kA paryavasAna kiyA gayA hai / ekAdazaveM sarga meM upajAti, upendravajrA, indravajrA, vaMzastha chandoM kA varNana kara bIca meM rathoddhatA punaH anuSTup chanda kA varNana karate hue anta meM zArdUlavikrIDita se sarga kI samApti kI gayI hai / bArahaveM sarga meM eka sau sattAIsa zloka paryanta sundarI chanda kA prayoga huA hai / punaH Age ke zlokoM meM kramaza: rathoddhatA, anuSTup, upajAti prabhRti chandoM meM sarga kI racanA karate hue mahAkavi ne zArdUlavikrIDita se sarga kI samApti kI hai ! mAlinI : jisake pratyeka caraNa meM do nagaNa, eka magaNa, tathA do yagaNa hoM evaM ATha, sAta para virAma ho use mAlinI chanda kahate haiM 2 / yathA kaTaka sanAthastasthivAn gaganapAthastrotasi zirasi - martyanAthaH, " iti zucini tapati ka vikRtaguNagAthaH pAthastAvadAgatya zrIjino yasya nAtha: 11'163 isake atirikta isa terahaveM sarga meM sundarI, upajAti, upendravajrA, indravajrA prabhRti vRttoM ko upanibaddha kara zArdUlavikrIDita se sarga kA paryavasAna dikhAyA gayA hai 1 svecchayAtha mAthaH, 1 caudahaveM sarga meM pajjhaTikA chanda kA bahula prayoga kara vaMzastha, rathoddhatA, AryA, vaitAlI, sundarI, mAlinI ke anantara zArdUlavikrIDita se sarga kI samApti kI gayI hai / pajjhaTikA evaM vaitAlI ko chor3akara zeSa kA vivecana uparyukta sargoM meM kiyA jA cukA hai| yahA~ kevala pajjhaTikA evaM vaitAlI kA lakSaNa evaM udAharaNa prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai /

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aSThama adhyAya / 207 pajjhaTikA : jisa chanda meM pratipAda meM yugmavicchinna SoDaza mAtrAe~ hoM tathA navama mAtrA guru ho aura eka bhI jagaNa na ho, use pajjhaTikA kahate haiM 4 / isa pajjhaTikA chanda meM navama varNa kI gurutA kA kahIM para vyabhicAra bhI dekha par3atA hai arthAt navama varNa ke guru hone se chanda kI kucha sundaratA bar3ha jAtI hai| navama varNa kA guru honA lakSaNa meM nahIM mAnanA cAhie" / udAharaNa'atha tIrArAme saritAyAM rucirAsInmahatI janatAyAH / AtmabhUtanayatAdhigamAya sulalitArAnvitotsavAya 44 111166 vaitAlI : jahA~ prathama, tRtIya caraNa meM caudaha mAtrA evaM dvitIya caturtha caraNa meM solaha mAtrAe~ hotI hoM, parantu padAnta meM ragaNa, laghu aura guru kA prayoga bhI ho to use vaitAlI chanda kahate haiN| jaise - 1 "taralairalakaiH samAkulA lalanAliGganamaGgaraGgiNA anukUlamavApya satvaraM rasasAraM samavApa cAparA // " 1167 pandrahaveM sarga meM upajAti, upendravajrA, indravajrA, AryA, rathoddhatA, zArdUlavikrIDita, zikhariNI, anuSTupa, drutavilambita vasantatilakA, svAgatA prabhRti chandoM kA varNana huA hai / parantu kahIM caraNa apUrNa bhI par3A huA hai jaise zloka saMkhyA taiMtIsa kA tRtIya caraNa apUrNa hai / isa prakAra sarga kI zArdUlavikrIDita chanda ke mAdhyama se samApti kI gayI hai / solahaveM sarga meM upajAti, indravajrA, upendravajrA, pajjhaTikA, AryA, vasantatilakA, rathoddhatA, svAgatA, sundarI evaM sargAnta meM zArdUlavikrIDita chanda kA prayoga karake paryavasAna kiyA gayA 1 satrahaveM sarga meM upajAti, vasantatilaka, indravajrA anuSTup zikhariNI, pajjhaTikA, sundarI, mAlinI chandoM kA prayoga kara zArdUlavikrIDita se sarga kA samApana dikhAyA gayA hai / aTThArahaveM sarga meM vasantatilaka, anuSTup, zArdUlavikrIDita, AryA, mandAkrAntA, upendravajrA, indravajrA Adi chandoM kA varNana kara zArdUlavikrIDita se sarga kI samApti kI gayI hai / unnIsaveM sarga meM upajAti, upendravajrA, indravajrA, anuSTup, vasantatilaka, pajjhaTikA, AryA evaM anta meM zArdUlavikrIDita chanda kA varNana kara sarga kI samApti kI gayI hai / bIsaveM sarga meM pajjhaTikA, sundarI, vasantatilakA, drutavilambita, bhujaGgaprayAta, AryA, svAgatA, mAlinI, anuSTup, vaMzastha, indravajrA, upajAti, dohaDikA Adi chandoM kA prayoga kara zArdUlavikrIDita se sarga kA samApana kiyA gayA hai| bIsaveM sarga meM Aye hue dohaDikA chanda kA lakSaNa udAharaNa prastuta kara rahA hU~ /

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208/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana dohaDikA : jisa chanda meM prathama aura tRtIya caraNa meM teraha mAtrAe~ hoM tathA laghu para virAma ho aura dvitIya evaM caturtha caraNa meM gyAraha mAtrAe~ hoM use dohaDikA (dohA) chanda kahate haiM / yathA "satkaromi yat padayugaM sannidhirayamihanAm / mama karmAsannivRtaM samadhigataM lalAma // 69 zeSa chandoM kA varNana Upara kiyA jA cukA hai ataH unakI AvRtti doSa kI paricAyikA hogii| ikkIsaveM sarga meM rathoddhatA, sundarI, upajAti, upendravajrA, bhujaGgaprayAta, pajjhaTikA, AryA, vasantatilakA, drutavilambita prabhRti chandoM meM varNana kara zArdUlavikrIDita vRtta dvArA sarga kI samApti kI gayI hai| ____ bAisaveM sarga meM pajjhaTikA, anuSTup, indravaMzA, dohaDikA, upajAti aura anta meM zArdUlavikrIDita kA Azraya lekara varNana kiyA gayA hai / teisaveM sarga meM vaMzastha, upajAti, indravajrA, vasantatilaka, zArdUlavikrIDita, drutavilambita, pajjhaTikA, upendravajrA, sundarI, anuSTup AryA prabhRti chandoM se varNana kara zArdUlavikrIDita vRtta se sarga kA avasAna kiyA gayA hai| caubIsaveM sarga kA Arambha vaMzastha chanda se zurU kara nabbe zloka paryanta varNana kiyA gayA hai / tataH upajAti, anuSTup, AryA, indravajrA, upendravajrA, sundarI, vaMzastha, zArdUlavikrIDita, drutavilambita, vasantatilakA prabhRti chandoM se varNana kara zArdUlavikrIDita dvArA sarga kI samApti kI gayI hai| __paccIsaveM sarga meM drutavilambita, sundarI, zArdUlavikrIDita prabhRti chandoM se varNana kara sarga kI samApti kI gayI hai / sarga samApti ke pazcAt pA~ca zlokoM se bhajanagIta bhI dikhAyA gayA hai, jisameM sarga ke bhItara ke zloka bhI Aye hue haiM / chabbIsaveM sarga meM sundarI, mAlinI, vaMzastha, vasantatilakA, anuSTup, upajAti chandoM kA varNana kara zArdUlavikrIDita chanda se sarga kI samApti kI gayI hai| sattAisaveM sarga meM upendravajrA, upajAti, indravajrA, vaMzastha, drutavilambita, vasantatilakA, rathoddhatA prabhRti chandoM se varNana kara zArdUlavikrIDita chanda se sarga kI samApti kI gayI hai aTThAisaveM sarga meM anuSTupa chanda kA prayoga Arambha se lekara zloka saMkhyA sATha paryanta avyavahita kiyA gayA hai / tataH rathoddhatA, dodhaka, sundarI, zArdUlavikrIDita, indravajrA, AryA, mAlinI, pajjhaTikA prabhRti chandoM kA prayoga kara zArdUlavikrIDita vRtta se sarga kA paryavasAna kiyA gayA hai / sabhI chandoM kA Upara varNana kiyA jA cukA hai / zeSa eka dodhaka chanda kA lakSaNa evaM udAharaNa dRSTavya hai -

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dodhaka : tIna bhagaNa evaM do guru ko dodhaka kahate haiM / jisakA eka udAharaNa draSTavya hai - " svaSTadala kamalaM malayantI kaumudamutka lamutka layantI / vRttimavankSaNadAM svakalAbhiH so'bhirarAja sudhAMzusanAbhiH // "71 - isa prakAra vANIbhUSaNa brahmacArI bhUrAmala jI zAstrI viracita 'jayodaya mahAkAvya' ke aTThAIsa sargoM meM Aye hue upendravajrA, upajAti, anuSTup, AryA, drutavilambita, zArdUlavikrIDita, rathoddhatA, indravajrA, bhujaGgaprayAti, vasantatilakA, sragviNI, sundarI, vaMzastha, zikhariNI, pRthvI, svAgatA, tAmarasa, indravaMzA, mattamayUra, ubhayavimulA, mukha vimalA, puSpitAgrA, mAlinI, pajjhaTikA, doDakA, vaitAlI evaM dodhaka chandoM kA prayoga kara pratyeka sarga kA paryavasAna zArdUlavikrIDita chanda se kiyA gayA hai / hamane sarga krama se Aye hue chandoM kA lakSaNa aura udAharaNa dete hue vivecanA kiyA kyoMki sabhI zlokoM ko denA viSaya kA kalevara hI bar3hAnA hai / ataH chandoM kA digdarzana mAtra karA diyA gayA hai / aSThama adhyAya / 209 phuTa noTa 1. chandaH pAdau tu vedasya / 2. zikSA kalpo'tha vyAkaraNaM niruktaM chandasAM cayaH / jyotiSAyayanaM caive dAGgAni SaDeva tu // 3. chandohInonazabdosti, nacchandazzabdavarjitaH / - naa| zA. 15/40 4. jisa-jisa sthAna para jihvA svecchApUrvaka vizrAma karatI hai, usako yati kahate haiM / viccheda, - virAma, virati Adi isake nAmAntara hai yatijihveSTa vizrAmasthAnaM kavibhirucyate / sAvicched virAmAdyAH padairvAcyA nijecchayA / / chandomaMjarI 1/12 5. jisa vRtta ke cAroM caraNa, yA pAda samAna varNa vAle hoM, vaha 'samavRtta' chanda hotA hai| anuSTupa, indravajrA Adi / yathA 6. jisakA prathama evaM tRtIya caraNa dvitIya tathA caturtha caraNa samAna ho use 'arddhasamavRtta' chanda kahate haiM / yathA - - *** - viyoginI, puSpitAgrA Adi / 7. cAroM caraNoM meM bhinnatA rakhane vAle vRtta ko viSamavRtta kahate haiM / udgatA gAthA Adi 8. chandomaMjarI 1/11 isake antargata Ate haiM / 9. gurureko gakArastu lakAro laghurekakaH / krameNa caiSAM rekhAbhiH saMsthAnaM darzyate yathA // - chandomaMjarI 1/9 10. padyaM catuSpadI, tacca vRttaM jAtiriti dvidhA / vRttamakSarasaGkhyAtaM jAtirmAtrAkRtA bhavet // chandomaMjarI 1/4 11. chandomaMjarI 1/8 12. vahI, 14. suvR. ti. 3/7 15. vahIM / 13. suvR. ti. 3/7

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210/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 16. upendravajrA jatajAstato gau / - vRtta ratnAkAra 3/29 17. upendravajrA prathame laghau sA / - chandomaMjarI 2/2 . 18.ja. ma. 1/1 19. ja. ma. 1/82 20.ja. ma. 1/84 21.ja. ma. 1/83 22.ja. ma. 1/85 23. ja. ma. 1/86 24.chandomaMjarI 4/7 25.ja. ma. 1/88 26.ja. ma. 1/89 27. drutavilambitamAhanabhaubharau / - chandomaMjarI 2/10 28.ja. ma. 1/92 29. sUryAsvaryadi maH sajau satatagAH zArdUlavikrIDitam / - chandomaMjarI 2/3 30. ja. ma. 1/114 31.zat parairnaralagai rathoddhatA / - chandomaMjarI 2/9 32. ja. ma. 2/ 1 33.bhujaGgaprayAtaM catubhiryakAraiH / - chandomaMjarI 2/5 34. syAdindravajrA yadi tau jagau gaH / - chandomaMjarI 2/1. 35.ja. ma. 2/129 36. ja. ma. 2/130 37.jJeyaM vasantatilakaM tbhjaagaugH| - chandomaMjarI 2/2 38. ja. ma. 2/131 39.kIrti taiSA caturephikA sragviNI - chandomaMjarI 2/7 40. ja. ma. 2/132 41. ayujoryadisau jagau yujoH sabharAlagauyadi sundarI tadA / - chandomaMjarI 3/6 42. ja. ma. 2/135 43.vadanti vaMzasthabilaM jatau jarau / - chandomaMjarI 2/2 44. ja. ma. 2/142 45.vahI, 2/143 46.vRtta ratnAkara a. 3/93 47. ja. ma. 2/145 48.saTIka chandomaMjarI 2/2 49.ja. ma. 1/55 50. svAgatA ranabhagairguruNA ca - chandomaMjarI 2/10 51.ja. ma. 4/1 52. ida vada tAmarasaM najajA yaH / - chandomaMjarI 2/13 53.ja. ma. 5/74 54. syAdindravaMzA tataje rasaMyutaiH / - vRttara. a. 3/47 55.ja. ma. 5/91 56. vedai randhaim? yasagA mattamayUram / - chandomaMjarI 2/3 57. ja. ma. 5/107 58.ja. ma. 6/11 59.ja. ma. 6/10 60. ayuji nayugarephato yakAro, yaji ca na jau jaragAzvaca puSpitAgrA / . - chandomaMjarI 3/5 61. ja. ma. 10/118 62.nanamayayaputeyaM mAlinI bhogilokaiH| - chandomaMjarI 2/4 63. ja. ma. 13/115 64. pratipadayamakitaSoDazamAtrA, navamagurutvavibhRSitamAtrA / __pajjhaTikA punaranna vivekaH, kvApi na madhyagururgaNa ekaH // cha. ma. paM. sta. / 65. navamagurutvaM vyabhicarati ca / - cha. ma. 5/2 - ja.ma. 14/1 66. ja. ma. 14/92 67. mAtrAtrayodazakaM yadi, pUrvaM laghukavirAmi / pazvAdekAdazakantu dohaDikA dviguNena // - chandomaMjarI 5/3 68. ja. ma. 20/90 69.dodhakamicchati bhatritayAd gau| - chandomaMjarI 2/11 70. ja. ma. 28/67 000

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. navama - adhyAya 'jayodaya mahAkAvya' upasaMhAra

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9999999999 upasahAra zrImAn zreSThi caturbhujaH sa suSuve bhUrAmalopAhvayaM, vANIbhUSaNamastriyaM ghRtavarI devI ca yaM dhocayam / tatkAvyaM lasatAsvayaMvaravidhizrIlocanAyA jaya - rAjasyAbhyudayaM dadhat vasudRgityAkhyaM ca sarga jayat // loka-kalyANa kI bhAvanA se hI barddhamAna bhagavAna mahAvIra ne jaina dharma ko barddhamAna kiyA / arhan yA arihanta, 'arhannityatha jaina zAsanaratA' ke isa sampradAya ne logoM ko hiMsA se dUra karane ke liye athaka prayAsa kiyaa| jisameM anekoM mahApuruSa evaM mahAkaviyoM ne apanA hAtha bttaayaa| ina mahApuruSoM meM bharata, jayakumAra prabhRti ko ginA jAtA hai jinake caritra Aja bhI anukaraNIya mAne jAte haiN| brahmadhArI bhUrAmala zAstrI, 'AcArya zrI jJAnasAgara jI', isI jaina sampradAya ke vItarAga mahAtmA evaM pramukha mahAkavi bhI haiM / jinakI aneka kRtiyA~ haiN| inakA ullekha maiMne prabandha ke prathama adhyAya meM kara diyA hai / zAstrI jI ke granthamAlA meM 'jayodaya mahAkAvya' apanA asAdhAraNa sthAna rakhatA hai| yaha mahAkAvya aTThAIsa sargoM meM racA gayA hai / mahAkAvya ke prAmbha meM bhAratavarSa ke Arya samrATa cakravartI bharata ke pradhAna senApati evaM hastinApura ke adhipati jayakumAra ke vilakSaNa parAkrama, vaibhava, kAnana krIDA Adi kA varNana, muni rAja kA darzana tathA karttavya patha kA upadeza Adi varNita hai| mahArAja jaya ke upadeSTA munirAja ne dhArmika gRhastha jIvana, usakI vyAvahArikatA ke sAtha unakI upayogitA bhI abhivyakta kI hai / kAvya ke nAyaka jayakumAra kA jIvana sadAcAra sampanna tathA atyanta prabhAvazAlI hai / vahI isa kAvya kA nAyaka hai / mahAsattvAdi guNa sampanna hone ke kAraNa use hama dhorIdAtta kI koTi meM rakha sakate haiM / antataH virakta ho jAne ke kAraNa usake dhIra prazAnta kI bAta uThAI jA sakatI hai / kintu jIvana kI antima avasthA meM vairAgya dhAraNa bhI dhIrodAtta kA hI paricAyaka hai / anyathA yudhiSThira Adi ko bhI dhIra prazAnta kahanA pdd'egaa| dhIrodAtta nAyaka sampanna mahAkAvya kA aGgIrasa vIra kahA gayA hai / prakRta kAvya meM maiMne zAnta ko hI aGgIrasa kI mAnyatA dI hai / dhIrodAtta aura zAnta meM zAstrIya virodha avazya hai para kavigata bhAvanA tathA paryavasAna ko dRSTi meM rakhakara hI maiMne zAnta ko pradhAna mAnA hai| sampUrNa mahAkAvya usI ke liye samarpita hai / ataH zAstra-virodha hone para bhI vidvajjana merI dhRSTatA ko utanA mahatva nahIM degeM, kI pUrNa AzA hai / prakRta mahAkAvya, mahAkAvyatva ke samasta guNoM se saMvalita hai / isa bAta kI carcA

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navama adhyAya / 213 maiMne zodha ke vigata adhyAyoM meM kI hai / jaya kA savaMzIya dhIrodAtta honA vihAra, sulocanA ke vivAha, yuddha-jaya parAjaya punaHsandhi tathA prema vyavahAra Adi kavi kI pratibhA aura kalpanAzakti koM pradarzita karane meM pUrNa samartha hai / vivAha ke anantara jaya-sulocanA ke krIDA Adi prasaGga, zRGgAra pradarzana se bhI kAvya hI mahattA meM vRddhi huI hai / anya aneka ramaNIya varNanoM ke sAtha-sAtha latA- vRkSAdi AliGganoM dvArA uddIpana kA pUrNa pradarzana bhI hai / mahAkAvya paddhati ke anusAra sandhyA, rAtri, sUryodaya, sUryAsta prabhRti kA varNana bhI paryApta rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai| vibhrama vilAsa ke aGgabhUta pAna-goSThI ke varNana ko bhI sthAna diyA gayA hai / viraha vyathA jo prema kI utkRSTa kasauTI hai, usako mahAkavi ne paryApta sthAna diyA hai / vibhinna nAyikAoM kI vibhinna sAdhanoM se sampanna krIDA bhI dikhAyI gayI hai| rAtri krIDA varNana manorama hai / surata vAsanA kA bhI saphala citraNa kiyA gayA hai / anAdirUpA sulocanA anantarUpa jayakumAra ina donoM kI Adi ananta rUpA smRti kriyA batalAyI gayI hai jo kAmazAstrokta mArga kI prazasti hai / prabhAta varNana arhan bhagavAn kI sundara stuti bhI isa kAvya meM yatheSTa rUpa se kI gayI jayakumAra ke dvArA sandhyA vandana evaM samayocita varNana bhI dikhAyA gayA hai / tadanantara jina bhagavAn kI vistRta stuti kI gayI hai, jisake dvArA jaina darzana kA bhI kalevara abhivyakta ho jAtA hai / sandhyAvandanAdi pradarzana vyakta karatA hai ki kavi zAstra maryAdA kA kitanA pAlaka ___ina sabake atirikta isa vistRta mahAkAvya meM prasaGgAnusAra yAna, sarit sarovara, kailAsa zobhA kA varNana bhI atyanta manohArI hai / yathAsthAna jaya-sulocanA ke pUrvajanmoM ke vRttAnta dvArA kavi ne adbhuta kI sRSTi kI hai / prasaGgAnusAra anya rasoM kA bhI samyak viniveza kiyA gayA hai / jaina-dharma kI utkRSTatA ke sAtha-sAtha muni darzana, unake prati anurAga pradarzana bhI kavi ne apanI sahaja zakti se dikhAyA hai / vairAgyotpAdaka saMgIta bhI sthAyI Teka ke mAdhyama se yathA sthAna gAye gaye haiM / jaya-sulocanA kA jina mandira meM jAnA, mantrapUta jala snAna, jaina sampradAya ke anusAra vastrAdi dhAraNa kavi ke jainAnurAga ko pradarzita karate haiM / ___ jIvana ke antima samaya meM nAyaka dvArA RSabhadeva ke zaraNa meM jAnA, upadeza lenA, tadanusAra tapazcaryA meM pravRtta honA aura zivatva kI prApti Adi viSaya jahA~ kavi ke jaina prema ko pradarzita karate haiM, vahIM kAvya prayojana ko bhI abhivyakta karate haiM / jisakA tAtparya

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214/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana hai ki jIvana meM zivatva hI saba kucha hai aura vaha bhoga ke anantara hI upalabdha ho sakatA hai / yaha saba kavi kI vizuddha evaM vizada dRSTi ke paricAyaka haiM / sampUrNa mahAkAvya meM jaina dharmAnurAga aura jaina darzana ke siddhAntoM kA bhI samyak pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / isa prakAra 'jayodaya' mahAkAvya ke pUrNa lakSaNoM se maNDita evaM utkRSTa kAvya hai, jisake mAdhyama se kavi ne loka hita kAmanA ko samyak abhivyakti dI hai / rasa. guNa, alaGkAra, dhvani, rIti, chandoyojanA kI dRSTi se bhI yaha eka mahanIya kAvya hai / ina samasta kAvyatattvoM ke prati kavi satata jAgarUka hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki prasaGgagAnurUpa hI kAvya meM rasAdi kA samyak viniveza huA hai / kAvya meM gItoM kA prayoga kavi kI apanI maulika aura abhinava yukti hai| tulanAtmaka dRSTi se isa mahAkAvya ko hama alaGkata zailI ke antargata rakha sakate haiM / kAvya kA prArambha hI naiSadha kI paddhati para huA hai ise hama pUrva ke pRSThoM meM pratipAdita kara cuke haiN| alaGkata zailI meM hone para bhI hama ise bhAravi-mAgha kI zreNI meM bhI nahIM le jA sakate / kAvya kI duruha tathA kliSTa zabda yojanA pAThaka ko paryApta kaThinAI pradAna karatI hai / ataH na to yahA~ bhAravi kA paryApta artha gAmbhIrya hai aura na mAgha kA pracaNDa paannddity| mAgha kA pANDitya pracaNDa hone para bhI grAhya ho jAtA hai / para prakRta mahAkAvya ke yazasvI kavi kA pANDitya sAttvika duruhatA meM hI adhika ramatA pratIta hotA hai / jahA~ taka zrI harSa kA prazna hai / kavi ne kAvya kA prArambha to usI paddhati se kiyA hai, sargoM kA avasAna bhI lagabhaga vaisA hI hai, parantu naiSadhakAra kA pada saundarya yahA~ alabhya hai / kAlidAsa ke samIpa ise le jAne kA dussAhasa hI nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / kAvyagata doSoM ke prati maiMne upekSAbhAva rakhA hai / doSa-darzana acchI bAta nahIM / kavi bhUrAmala jI kA pADitya avazyameva stutya hai / unheM jaina dharma aura darzana kA pUrNa jJAna hai| purANa se prApta kathA ko alaGkata zailI meM nibaddha karane meM vaha pUrNa samartha rahe haiM / samasta kA anuzIlana karane para jaina dharma ke prati sahaja anurAga ho jAnA svAbhAvika hai / yaha kAvya hI jaina-dharma kI prazasti ke liye hai / ata: jaina samAja kI yaha eka uttama nidhi hai / yathA sthAna vaidika paddhati kA anupAlana hone se vaidika dharma para bhI kavi kI yatheSTa zraddhA dIkha par3atI hai| udAharaNArtha, jayakumAra kI sandhyopAsanA, vaidika rIti se pANigrahaNa Adi ko liyA jA sakatA hai| ataH jaina-pradhAna hone para bhI 'jayodaya mahAkAvya' itara dharmo ko bhI zivodaya kI ora le jAne meM pUrNa samartha hai / saMkSepa meM hI kintu sAra rUpa meM maiMne yahA~ jayodaya kA samAlocana kiyA hai / samagra kA Ananda to kAvya se hI sambhava hai / AzA hai sudhI varga ise AdarapUrvaka apanAyegA / zubham syAt / 000 // OM mahAvIrAya namaH //

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pariziSTha 1. jayodaya mahAkAvya meM prastuta sthAna, pAtra, dArzanika zabda-samUha evam lalita sUktiyA~ / 2. sahAyaka granthoM kI sUcI /

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998383838888 jayodaya mahAkAvya meM prastuta sthAna 888888888888 1. ayodhyA : samrAT bharata kI rAjadhAnI uttara pradeza kI prasiddha nagarI / muhallA kaTarA meM eka mandira eka dharmazAlA aura sAta TAMke haiM / AdinAtha, ajitanAtha, abhinandana, sumatinAtha aura anantanAtha ina pA~ca tIrthaGkaroM kI janmabhUmi hai| yaha sthAna hinduoM kA pavitra tIrtha hai / 2. aGgadeza : . mAlava deza kA pUrvabhAga aGga kahalAtA thA / isakI pradhAna nagarI campA thI, jo bhAgalapura ke pAsa hai| 3. kaliGgaH madrAsa prAnta kA uttara bhAga aura utkala (ur3IsA) kA dakSiNa bhAga pahale kaliGga nAma se prasiddha thA / isakI rAjadhAnI kaliGga nagara (rAjamahendrI) thI isameM mahendramAlI nAmaka giri hai| 4. karNATa : yaha Andhra pradeza ke dakSiNa va pazcima kA bhAga thA / vanavAsa tathA mahiSaga athavA mahIzUra (maisUra) isI ke antargata hai / isakI rAjadhAniyA~ mahiSapura aura zrIraMgapattana thIM / 3. kAzmIra : ____ yaha bhArata kI uttara sImA para hai / isakA aba bhI kAzmIra hI nAma hai / isakI rAjadhAnI zrI nagara hai| 6. kAzI : ____ banArasa ke cAroM ora kA prAnta isa deza ke antargata thaa| isa deza kI rAjadhAnI vArANasI (banArasa) thii| 7. kAJcanapura : videha kA eka nagara / 8. kAmarUpa: eka deza-AsAma / 9. kuru : yaha sarasvatI ke bA~yI ora aneka kosoM kA maidAna hai / isako kurujAMgala bhI kahate haiM / hastinAgapura isakI rAjadhAnI rahI hai /

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jayodaya mahAkAvya meM prastuta sthAna /217 10. kusuma pradeza : paTanA ke bhU-bhAga kA pradeza / 11. jambUpura : vijayArdha parvata kI dakSiNa zreNI meM eka jambUpura nAma kA nagara / 12. baGga: baMgAla kA purAnA nAma baGga hai / yaha suma deza ke pUrva meM hai / isakI prAcIna rAjadhAnI karNa suvarNa (vanasonA) thI / isa samaya kAlI ghaTTa purI (kalakattA) rAjadhAnI hai / / 13. mAlava: yaha mAlavA kA nAma hai / pahale avantI isI ke antargata dUsare nAma se prasiddha thA para aba vaha mAlava meM sammilita hai / ujjaina, dazapura, (mandaura), dhArAnagarI (dhAra) indrapura (indaura) Adi isake prasiddha nagara haiM / 14. vArANasI : yaha prasiddha tIrthasthala hai / sTezana se dUra maidAgina meM jaina mandira aura vizAla dharmazAlA hai| supArzvanAtha aura pArzvanAtha kI janmabhUmi hai / kAzI syAdvavAda jaina mahAvidyAlaya yahIM para hai / jayodaya mahAkAvya ke praNetA vANIbhUSaNa brahmacArI bhUrAmala zAstrI jI kI zikSAdikSA isI vidyAlaya meM huI thii| 15. sindhu : yaha deza aba bhI sindha nAma se prasiddha hai aura karA~cI usakI rAjadhAnI hai / 16. hastinApura : yaha pANDavoM kI rAjadhAnI thI / yahA~ zAntinAtha, kunthunAtha, arahanAtha, bhagavAn ke garbha janma, tapa kevala jJAna hue haiM / tInoM bhagavAn kI tIna nasiyA~ haiM / 17. puNDarIkiNI : videha ko eka nagarI / 18. podanapuraH ___ bAhuvalI kI rAjadhAnI / 19. sarpasarovara : dhAnyakamAla vana kA eka sarovara / 20. vijayArdhaparvata : yaha eka parvata hai jo gandhila pradeza ke madhya bhAga meM sthita hai / yaha parvata dharAtala

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218/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana se paccIsa yojana U~cA hai| isakA samucita varNana Adi purANa ke prathama bhAga meM haiM / jayodaya mahAkAvya meM prastuta pAtra RSabhadeva : . RSabhadeva nAbhirAja ke putra the / inakI mAtA kA nAma marudevI milatA hai| vaidika granthoM meM bhI RSabhadeva kI carcA milatI hai aura ye nAbhi ke putra batAye gaye haiM / yadyapi zrImadbhAgavata meM inakI mAtA kA nAma sudevI kahA gayA hai para agnipurANa aura kUrmapurANa meM inakI mAtA kA nAma marudevI milatA hai / yaha 'RSabhadeva vartamAna caubIsI ke prathama tIrthaGkara haiM / RSabhadeva ke do nAma zAstroM meM RSabha' aura 'vRSabha' Ate haiM / triSaTi zalAkA puruSa caritra meM kahA gayA hai ki unake jaMdhe meM RSabha kA cihna thA isaliye unakA nAma RSabhadeva' par3A / Adi purANa meM baila ke cihna se yukta hone ke kAraNa 'vRSabha' kahA gayA hai / Adi purANa (2433) meM unheM vRSabhadhvaja bhI kahA gayA hai / isakI TIkA karate hue pannAlAla jI ne kahA hai -'vRSabha cihna se yukta' haiM / hinduoM meM RSabhadeva bar3e lokapriya vyakti rahe haiM / vaiSNava evaM zaiva donoM hI paraspara virodhI sampradAyoM ne unheM kramazaH viSNu evaM ziva kA avatAra mAnA hai / hindU purANoM meM varNita RSabha deva nizcita rUpa se jaina granthoM meM varNita RSabhadeva haiN| inakA janma caitra mAsa, kRSNa pakSa navamI tithi ko huA thA / inakI do patniyA~ thiiN| pahalI yazasvatI rAnI se bharata ko lekara sau putra evaM brAhmI nAma kI putrI huI, bharata ke nAma para hI bhArata nAma par3A / dUsarI rAnI sundarI se bAhubala nAmaka eka putra aura sundarI nAma kI eka putrI huI / cirakAla taka rAjyopabhoga karate hue vRSabhadeva bharata kA rAjyAbhiSeka evaM anyoM ko bhI yathocita rAjya-pATa dekara caitra kRSNa navamI ke dina sAMyakAla ke samaya dIkSA dhAraNa kara lI / bhagavAn RSabhadeva ko chaha mAha kA yoga lekara zilApaTTa para AsIna hote hI manaH paryaya jJAna prApta ho gayA / tataH RSabhadeva ko phAlguna kRSNa ekAdazI ke dina kevala jJAna kI utpatti huI / tataH bhagavAn nAnA prakAra ke sthAnoM kA vihAra karate hue kailAsa parvata para pahu~ca kara nirvANa ko prApta hue / isa prakAra RSabhadeva kA saMkSipta digdarzana mAtra hI prastuta kiyA gayA hai| akampana : akampana kAzI kA rAjA zatruoM ko kampita kara dene vAlA hone se usakA nAma akampana pdd'aa| bhagavAn RSabhadeva se zrIdhara nAma pAkara akampana nAtha vaMza kA nAyaka huA thA / usakI patnI kA nAma suprabhA thaa| use hemAGgadAdi hajAra putra utpanna hue the tathA sulocanA evaM lakSmIvatI nAma kI do kanyAe~ thiiN| ____unakI putrI sulocanA ke svayaMvara meM bharata kA putra arkakIrti aura sAmaprabha putra jayakumAra donoM Aye the / sulocanA ne jayakumAra ko varaNa kiyaa| jisa vivAda ko lekara jayakumAra

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jayodaya mahAkAvya meM prastuta sthAna /219 aura arkakIrti meM yuddha huaa| anta meM akampana ne sulocanA kA vivAha jayakumAra aura lakSmIvatI kA vivAha arkakIrti ke sAtha kiyA / tataH rAjA akampana hemAgaMda ko rAjya sauMpakara zrI bhagavAn vRSabhadeva ke samIpa jAkara aneka rAjAoM aura rAnI suprabhA ke sAtha dIkSA dhAraNa kI tathA anukrama se zreNiyA~ car3hakara kevalajJAna prApta kiyA / arkakIrti : bharata cakravartI kA putra / mahArAja bharata ne cirakAla taka lakSmI kA upabhoga kara arkakIrti nAmaka putra kA abhiSeka kiyA / kAzirAja akampana dvArA Ayojita svayaMvara meM sulocanA ke dvArA jayakumAra ko varaNa kiye jAne para evaM durmarSaNa nAmaka sevaka ke dvArA arkakIrti ko uttejita karane ke phalasvarUpa jayakumAra aura arkakIrti meM ghanaghora yuddha huA / . yuddha meM jayakumAra kI vijaya evaM arkakIrti kI parAjaya se khuza hokara akampana anunaya vinaya karake arkakIrti se apanI choTI putrI akSamAlA kA vivAha kara dete haiM / tataH aneka prakAra kA sukhopabhoga karate hue apanI paitrika paramparA kA nirvAha karate hue cirakAla taka rAjya karate hue mahArAja arkakIrti apane pitA kI bhA~ti sarvaguNa sampanna apane spitayaza nAmaka putra ko lakSmI dekara arthAt rAjyAbhiSeka kara tapa ke dvArA mokSa ko prApta hue| anantavIrya : rAjA jayakumAra kI rAnI zivaMkara mahAdevI kA putra / jise rAjya sauMpa kara jaya ne dIkSA grahaNa kii| akSamAlA (lakSmIvatI): lakSmIvatI kAzI nagarI ke rAjA akampana tathA unakI patnI suprabhA kI putrI / isakA dUsarA nAma akSamAlA thA / unake pitA ne sulocanA hetu hue rAjakumAra-arkakIrti ke yuddha meM arkakIrti kI parAjaya ke anantara akSamAlA kA vivAha arkakIrti se kara diyA / zreyAMsa : hastinApura ke rAjA somaprabha ke bhAI / RSabhadeva ke dIkSA lene ke uparAnta eka varSa taka bhikSA na milane ke bAda zreyAMsa ne unako ikSurasa dAna kiyA / yaha dAna paramparA kA prArambha huA / pUrvatAla meM RSabhadeva ko kevalajJAna hone ke bAda zreyAMsa ne bhI somaprabha ke sAtha RSabhadeva ke samakSa dIkSA le lii| bhImarAT muni : sarpa sarovara ke taTa para vana meM sthita eka navadIkSita muni, jise dekhakara (hiraNyavarmA aura prabhAvatI ke jIva jo deva-devI hue the) ukta donoM ne unase dharma kA svarUpa pUchA /

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220/ jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana unhoMne samyagdarzana, satpAtra dAna Adi zrAvaka sambandhI aura yama Adi muni sambandhI dharma kA nirUpaNa kiyaa| cAroM gatiyA~, unake kAraNa aura phala, svarga, mokSa ke nidAna evaM jIvAdi dravya aura tattva ina sabakA bhI yathArtha pratipAdana kiyA / tataH deva-deviyoM ke dvArA dIkSA lene kA kAraNa pUche jAne para bhIma kahane lage ki "sarvajJa deva ne mujhase spaSTAkSaroM meM kahA hai, "tU pahale nagarI meM bhava deva nAmaka vaizya huA thA / vahA~ tUne rativegA, sukAtta se vaira bA~dhakara mArA thA / marakara ve donoM kabUtara-kabUtarI hue so vahA~ bhI tUne vilAva hokara una donoM ko mArA thA / ve marakara vidyAdhara-vidyAdharI . hue the| unheM bhI tuma vidyuccaura hokara upasarga dvArA mArA thA / usa pApa se tuma naraka gayA thA aura vahA~ ke duHkha bhogakara Ane para yaha bhIma huA hai| bharata : RSabha deva kI pahalI rAnI yazasvatI se utpanna sau putroM meM jyeSTha putra / inake eka sau eka bhAI-bahana the| RSabha deva dIkSA lene se pahale bharata ko rAjya sauMpa diye / digvijaya karake ye bhArata meM prathama cakravatI hue / inakI patnI kA nAma subhadrA thA / jisa dina RSabhadeva ko kevala jJAna huA, usI dina bharata ke yahA~ cakraratna kI utpatti huI aura unheM putra ratna huA / tataH SaT khaNDa pRthvI ke svAmI mahArAja bharata ne cirakAla taka lakSmI kA upabhoga kara arkakIrti nAmaka putra kA rAjyAbhiSeka kara jina dIkSA dhAraNa kara lI / pazcAt bharata apane samasta keza ko paMca muSTiyoM se muMcita karane ke bAda Ayu ke anta samaya ve vRSabha sena Adi gaNadharoM ke sAtha kailAsa parvata para jAkara mokSa prApta kiye / jayakumAra : rAjA somaprabha kI lakSmIvatI rAnI se utpanna putra / hastinApura kA rAjA / kAzirAja akampana kI putrI sulocanA kA pati / mahAkAvya kA pradhAna nAyaka / cirakAla taka sukhopobhoga karate hue zivaMkara mahAdevI ke putra anantavIrya kA rAjyAbhiSeka kara cakravartI putroM ke sAthasAtha dIkSA dhAraNa kI / antataH vaha jayakumAra bhagavAn kA ikahattaravA~ gaNadhara huA / pati zoka se vyAkula sulocanA ne bhI cakravartI kI paTTAnI subhadrA ke samajhAne para brAhmI AryikA ke pAsa zIghra hI dIkSA dhAraNa kara lI tathA cirakAla taka tapasyA kara acyutasvarga ke anuttaravimAna meM deva paidA huii| meghasvara : jayakumAra kA eka nAma athavA upAdhi jo usane nAgamukha aura meghamukha devoM ko jItakara dhAraNa kI thii|

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jayodaya mahAkAvya meM prastuta sthAna /221 jinasena : mahAkavi zrI bhUrAmala jI ne mahAkAvya meM inheM guru rUpa se praNAma kiyA hai / guNabhadra : inheM bhI praNAma kiyA gayA hai / AcArya jinasena evaM guNabhadra kA paricaya vistRta rUpa se zodha-prabandha ke dvitIya adhyAya meM draSTavya hai / samantabhadra : mahAkavi ne inheM kAvya guru sthAna diyA hai / vidyAnanda : zAstrI jI ne inheM bhI namana kiyA hai| zivAyana : - praNAma kI lar3I meM yaha bhI gaNya haiM / sunami : eka vidyAdhara rAjA / vinami : yaha bhI eka vidyAdhara rAjA the / mahendra : mahendra datta nAmaka eka kaMcukI / vidyAdevI : sulocanA ke svayaMvara meM Agata rAjAoM kA paricaya karAne vAlI / deva : jayakumAra kA pUrvabhava, jaba vaha deva loka meM janmA / usa bhava meM sulocanA. mahAdevI nAma se unakI patnI thii| mahAdevI : sulocanA ke pUrvabhava kA nAma jaba vaha deva loka meM jnmii| sukAntaH jaya ke cauthe pUrvabhava kA nAma jaba vaha vaizya the aura sulocanA rativegA nAma se unakI patnI thii|

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222/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana rativegAH sulocanA ke cauthe pUrva bhava kA nAma / rativara : ___ jaya ke tIsare pUrvabhava kA nAma jaba vaha kabUtara the / pUrvabhava meM sulocanA ratiSeNA nAmase unakI patnI thii| ratiSeNAH sulocanA kA nAma jaba vaha tIsare pUrvabhava meM kubera kAnta seTha ke ghara kabUtarI thii| hiraNyavarmA : jayakumAra kA nAma jaba vaha apane dUsare pUrvabhava meM vidyAdhara the aura sulocanA prabhAvatI nAma se unakI patnI thii| prabhAvatIH ___ sulocanA kA nAma jaba apane dUsare pUrvabhava meM vaha vidyAdharI thI / zivaMkara : jayakumAra kI patnI aura anantavIrya kI mAM / indhikA : jayakumAra ke putra anantavIrya kI patnI / tapana: rAjA arkakIrti ke gyArahaveM pIr3hI ke rAjA / inake pitA kA nAma tejasvI thA tathA tapana ke putra kA nAma pratApavAna thA / ye rAjA krama se sUrya vaMza meM utpanna hue tathA putra para rAjya sauMpakara mokSa ko prApta hue| durmarSaNa (durmati): ____ durmarSaNa rAjakumAra arkakIrti kA sevaka thA / jayakumAra ke vaibhava ko sahana na kara sakane ke phalasvarUpa usane saba rAjAoM ko uttejita karane ke uddezya ne akampana kI nindA kI ora kahA ki SaDayantra ke rUpa meM hI akampana ne jayakumAra ke gale meM apanI putrI sulocanA se mAlA DalavAyI hai / usane arkakIrti ko aneka prakAra se uttejita kiyA tathA akampana ko yuddha meM parAjita karane kI anumati mA~gI / aura isa prakAra yahI arkakIrti tathA jayakumAra ke bIca yuddha kA kAraNa banA / somayaza : RSabhadeva ke bAhubalI aura somayaza nAmaka putra hue| vahI somayaza somavaMza (candravaMza) kA kartA haA /

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jayodaya mahAkAvya meM prastuta sthAna / 223 citrAGgada : banArasa kA rAjA / akampana kA bar3A bhAI / inhIM ke Adeza se vidyA devI svayaMvarAgata rAjAoM kA paricaya karAyI thI / sumati : kAzirAja akampana kA eka maMtrI / jisane arkakIrti aura jayakumAra ke yuddha ko rokane kA prayAsa kiyA thA / marIci : bhagavAn RSabha deva ke pautra tathA bharata cakravartI ke putra marIci the| RSabha deva kI dIkSA ke samaya unake sAtha dIkSA lene vAloM meM marIci bhI eka thaa| para ve dIkSA ke abhiprAya se anabhijJa the / chaha mAha bhI nahIM ho pAye the ki unameM se kucha rAjA pariSaho ko sahana nahIM kara ske| unameM se kitane hI bhUkha se pIr3ita ho kAyotsarga chor3akara phala khAne lage aura kitane hI saMtRpta zarIra hone ke kAraNa zItala jala meM jA ghuse| una saba rAjAoM meM bharata kA putra marIci bahuta ahaMkArI thA isaliye vaha geruA vastra dhAraNa kara parivrAjaka bana gayA tathA valakaloM ko dhAraNa karane vAle kitane hI loga usake sAtha ho gaye / yahI kapila mata kA saMsthApaka huaa| hemAGgada kAzirAja akampana ke eka hajAra putroM meM sabase bar3A putra thA / suketu zrI aura sukAnta bhI hemAGgada ke anuja aura akampana ke kaniSTha putra the / ina putroM se ghirA huA akampana indra sadRza suzobhita hotA thA / 1 somaprabhaH somaprabha hastinApura kA rAjA / lakSmIvatI nAma kI usakI strI thii| rAjA somaprabha kI lakSmIvatI rAnI se jayakumAra nAmaka putra tathA vijaya Adi aura caudaha putra utpanna hue / tadanantara rAjA somaprabha jayakumAra ko rAjya sauMpakara bhagavAn vRSabhadeva ke samIpa jAkara apanI patnI tathA bhAI zreyAMsa ke sAtha dIkSA dhAraNa kara lI / sulocanA : kAzI ke rAjA akampana kI putrii| isake svayaMvara meM jayakumAra arkakIrti Adi aneka rAjA Aye the / sulocanA dvArA jayakumAra ke varaNa kiye jAne para arkakIrti ko apane kula kA garva huA aura jayakumAra se yuddha / yuddha meM jayakumAra vijayI aura sulocanA se vivAha / kAlAntara meM kabUtaroM kA yugala dekhane se pUrvabhava kA jJAna tatpazvacAt avadhijJAna se mukta huI / jaya ke dIkSA lene ke bAda brAhmI AryikA ke pAsa dIkSA grahaNa kara liyA aura acyuta svarga ke anuttara vimAna meM devatA banakara paidA huI /

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224 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana bAhubalI : RSabhadeva kI dUsarI rAnI sunandA se utpanna putra / inakI sundarI nAma kI eka bahana thI / RSabhadeva ayodhyA kA rAjya bharata ko diye tathA podanapura kI gaddI para bAhubalI ko pratiSThita kiyA / tataH digvijaya kAla meM bharata kI adhInatA svIkAra na karane ke kAraNa ina donoM bhAIyoM meM netra, jala aura malla yuddha huA jisameM parAjita bharata bAhubalI para cakra chor3a diyA / kintu cakra bhI pradakSiNA karake ruka gayA / antataH bAhubalI cakravartI ke vyavahAra se bahuta hI khinna hue tathA jaMgala meM jAkara muni dIkSA le lii| ve eka varSa taka kAyotsarga mudrA meM khar3e hokara tapazcaraNa karake kevalajJAna prApta kara mokSa ko prApta hue| isa taraha ve vartamAna avasarpiNI ke prathama muktijayI mahApuruSa hue aura zalAkA-puruSa ke rUpa meM pUje jAne lage / abhI hAla meM 22 pharavarI ko zravaNabelagola meM bhagavAn bAhubalI kA sahasrAbdI mahA * mastakAbhiSeka huA hai / jahA~ lAkhoM darzanArthI jAkara zraddhA sumana arpita kie / dArzanika zabda samUha lezyA: jisa prakAra AmapiSTa (dAla kI piTThI yA tailAdi) se mizrita gerU miTTI ke lepa dvArA bhittI (dIvAla) lIpI jAtI hai, usI prakAra zubha aura azubha bhAvarUpa lepa ke dvArA jo AtmA kA pariNAma lipta kiyA jAtA hai, use lezyA kahate haiM / DhAMNAMza sUtra meM lezyA kI TIkA isa prakAra kI gayI hai - lizyate prANinaH karmaNAyA sA lezyA / " jaina granthoM meM lezyA chaH prakAra kI batAyI gayI hai- (1) kRSNa lezyA (2) nIla lezyA (3) kApota lezyA (4) tejolezyA (5) padma lezyA ( 6 ) zukla lezyA / lezyAoM kA savistAra varNana dravyaloka prakAza meM AtA hai / usI sthala para unake rUpa, rasa, gandha, sparza Adi kA bhI vistAra se varNana hai / vyantara : uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM cAra prakAra ke devatA kahe gaye haiM / vahIM ATha prakAra ke vyantara batAye gaye hai~ / tattvArthasUtra saTIka meM kinnara, kimpuruSa, mahoraga, gandharva, yakSa, rAkSasa, bhUta aura pizAca ina ATha taraha ke bheda vyantara deva ke batAye gaye haiM / abhidhAna cintAmaNi meM bhI isI kA samarthana prApta hai" / navatattva : jaina darzana meM nava tattvoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / AcArya haribhadra sUri ne (1)

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jayodaya mahAkAvya meM prastuta sthAna / 225 jIva (2) ajIva (3) puNya (4) pApa (5) Azrava (6) saMvara (7) baMdha (8) nirjarA aura (9),mokSa ina nava tattvoM ko mAnA hai| uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM unheM 'tathya' kahA gayA hai / ThAMNAMga sUtra meM inakI saMjJA 'sadbhAva' dI gayI hai / loka prakAza meM bhI vyantara ke prakAra ko likhA hai| arhat : ye jainoM ke Izvara haiM / arhat kA svarUpa hemacandra zUri ne apane 'AptanizcayAlaGkAra' grantha meM likhA hai "sarvajJo jitarAgAdi doSastrailokyapUjitaH / yathAsthitArtha vAdI ca devo'rhan paramezvaraH // " iti hemacandra kA samaya dasa sau aTThAsI se gyAraha sau bahattara IsavI hai| inakA prANamimAMsA, zabdAnuzAsana suprasiddha grantha hai / sarvonmukhI pratibhA hone ke kAraNa inako kalikAla sarvajJa kI upAdhi milI hai| . NamokAra mantra : yaha mantra prAyaH jaina mata meM kArya kI nirvighna samApti hetu japA jAtA hai / sulocanA gaMgA meM jalajantu ke dvArA jayakumAra ke gaja ko pakar3a lene ke bAda kiMkartavyavimUr3ha sulocanA ne jayakumAra ko NamokAra mantra ke jApa se hI mukta karAyA thA / vaha mantra avadheyArtha hai "Namo arihaMtANaM, Namo siddhANaM, Namo AyariyANaM / Namo uvajjhAyANaM, Namo loesabbasAhUNaM // " jinaratna traya : tri ratna zabda se samyak darzana, samyak jJAna, samyak cAritraya liyA gayA hai / samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyakacAritraya ye tInoM milakara mokSa ke mArga arthAta mokSa kI prApti ke upAya samyak darzanaHsamyagdarzana kA lakSaNa isa prakAra diyA gayA hai "tattvArthatraddhAnaM smygdrshnm||16 arthAt vastu ke svarUpa sahita jIvAdi padArthoM kA zraddhAna karanA samyagdarzana hai / samyagjJAna : paropadeza nikSamAtmasvarUpaM nisargaH vyAkhyAnAdi rUpa paropadeza janita jJAnamadhigamaH samyak jJAnamiti / anya logoM ne bhI kahA hai "yathA'vasthita tatvAnAM saMkSepAta vistaraNe vA / yo'bodhastamatrAhuH samyagjJAnamaniSiNaH // " iti samyak jJAna pA~ca prakAra kA batAyA gayA hai (1) mati, (2) zruti (3) avadhi, (4) manaH paryaya aura kevalajJAna" /

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226 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana matijJAna - jo paMcaindriyoM aura mana kI sahAyatA se padArtha ko jAne use mati jJAna kahate haiM / zrutajJAna - pA~ca indriyoM aura mana kI sahAyatA se matijJAna ke dvArA jAne hue padArtha ko jisase vizeSa rUpa se jAnA jAtA hai, use zrutajJAna kahate haiM / avadhijJAna : avadhi kA zabdArtha hai ki ava samantAt dravyAdibhiH parimitatvena dhIyate viSayo anenetiavadhiH / athavA dravyakSetrakAlabhAvaiH avadhIyateparicchidyate viSayo aneneti avdhiH| avadhi jJAna se viSayoM kA yaha itanA aisA hai dravyakAla sthAnAdi kA bodha ho jAtA hai isI ko naiyAyika loga savikalpaka jJAna kahate haiM / isa jJAna ke dvArA deva nIce sthiti sapta narakAdi lokoM ko dekha lete haiM parantu apane Upara vimAna ke daNDa paryanta mAtra ko hI dekhate haiN| abhayaGkara ne kahA hai- " adhastAt bahutara viSaya grahaNAt avadhiH / ' 8 iti / avadhijJAna kA varNana karate hue tattvArtha sUtra meM kahA hai " bhavapratyayo'vadhi rdevanArakANAm / " avadhijJAna ke bheda bhava pratyaya (ka) avadhi jJAna anugAmI - ananugAmI vardhamAna hIyamAna kSetrAnugAmI bhavAnugAmI ubhayAnugAmI guNa pratyaya avasthita anavasthita kSetrAnugAmI bhavAnanugAmI ubhayAnanugAmI (kha) avadhi jJAna paramAvadhi sarvAvadhi dezAvadhi avadhi jJAna kA rUpa tattvArtha sUtra saTIka meM isa prakAra hai I manaH paryayajJAna : jJAna ke AvaraNa ke rUpa meM jo IrSyA Adi vighna hote haiM unakA kSaya athavA upazama ho jAne para dUsare vyaktiyoM ke manogata vastu ko 'idamittham ' ( yaha itanA aisA hai) isa jJAna ko manaH paryAya kahate haiM /

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jayodaya mahAkAvya meM prastuta sthAna /227 isI ko anya loga alaukika pratyakSAtmaka jJAna kahate haiM / tattvArtha sUtra meM likhA hai ki "IntirAyajJAnAvaraNa kSayopazamesati paramanogatasyArthasya sphuTaM paricchekaM jJAnaM manaH paryAya' paryAya zabda kA artha hai 'paryayaNaM paryAyaH arthAt paritaH anyasya manasi gmnm|' kevalajJAna : tapasvI loga jisake liye tapasyA kriyA vizeSa kA sevana karate haiM / aisA jJAna jo anya jJAna se sampRkta nahIM hotA use kevala jJAna kahate haiM / yaha anya jJAna se pRthakU hone ke kAraNa kevala kahA gayA hai / isakA lakSaNa isa prakAra diyA gayA hai-"tapaH kriyAvizeSAn yadarthe sevante tapasvinaH tadjJAnamanyajJAnA'saMsRSTaM kevalam / " samyakcAritraya : jJAna ke sampUrNa AvaraNa samyak cAritraya se naSTa hote haiM aura AvaraNoM ke naSTa hone para mokSaprada jJAna utpanna hotA hai isI ko tattva jJAna kahate haiM / isakA lakSaNa isa prakAra hai - " saMsaraNakarmocchittau udyatasya zraddhAnasya jJAnavataH pApa gamanakAraNa kriyA nivRtti samyak cAritrayaM tadetat sa prpNcmuktmrhtaa|' yaha samyak cAritraya vrata bheda se pA~ca prakAra kA hotA hai- (1) ahiMsA, (2) sunRt (3) asteya, (4) brahmacarya (5) aparigraha / syAdvAda : ____ 'syAdvAda' meM syAt' zabda nipAta avyaya hai jo tiGanta pratirUpaka anekAnta kA dyotaka hai / kyoMki 'syAt' zabda as dhAtu ke vidhiliGga meM bhI milatA hai, jo sambhAvanA artha tathA anizcaya kA dyotaka hai / jaise- 'syAdasti' vAkya meM asti ke prati vizeSaNa kA kAma karane vAlA yaha 'syAt' nipAta hai / asti ke sAtha yoga hone se kriyA ke rUpa meM hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki 'syAt' sArthaka hai kriyApada kI bhAMti dekhane meM pratIta hotA hai evaM anizcaya kA vyaMjaka hai / yaha syAt hI apabhraMza bhASA meM (urdU) 'zAyada' kA bodhaka hai / apane vidheya 'asti' Adi ke sAtha juTane para yaha 'syAt' zabda vizeSaNa bana jAtA hai / kintu yadi kevala 'syAt' prayoga ho to anarthaka pratIta hotA hai / 'syAdasti' arthAt 'kathaJcidasti' isa artha kA vAcaka hai jisakA artha 'kisI prakAra hai' aisA hogA / ataH syAt zabda kI sArthakatA anizcayAtmaka anekAnta rUpa artha meM hai / 'syAdatIti syAdvAdaH' syAd kA artha kathaJcita hone se Adeya (grAhya asti-nAsti) yaha vastu ina vizeSa rUpoM se yukta hai, jisakA nizcaya nahIM kara skte| tyAjya nahIM hai, apitu grAhya hai / yaha sambhava tabhI hogA jabaki vastu kA svarUpa anizcita ho / saptabhaGgI nyAya jo jaina darzana kA hai, usake anusAra isa prakAra isakI vyAkhyA kI gayI hai - "vAkyeSvanekAntadyotI . gamyaM prativizeSam / syAnnipAto'rthayogitvAt tingntprtiruupkH||" iti yadi punaH ekAntadyotaka: syAt zabdo yaM syAt tadA syAdasti iti vAkye syAt padamanarthaMka syAt / anekAntadyotakatve tu syAdasti kathaJcidastIti syAda / anekAtva padAt kathaJcit

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228 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana ityayamartho labhyate iti nAnarthakam / tadAha "syAdvAdaH sarvathekAtta tyAgAt kiM vRtta cidvidheH / saptabhaGgi nayApekSA he yAdeya vizeSakRt // " iti syAdvAda ko aGgIkAra karane vAle yaha kahate haiM ki isa siddhAnta se sarvatra vijaya hai| hemacandra praNIta 'vItarAgastuti' ke TIkAkAra AcArya malliSeNa apanI syAdvAda maMjarI meM isa prakAra kahate haiM ki - "anekAntAtmakaM vastagocaraH sarvasaMvidAm / ekaM dezaviziSTo'rtho nayasya viSayomataH // nyAyAnAmeka niSThAnAM pravRttau zrutavama'ni / saMpUrNArthavinizcApi syAd vastu zrutamucyate // " iti syAdvAda ke siddhAnta meM pratyakSa-anumAna do pramANa hai / sabhI vastue~ nitya aura anitya haiM / vibhinna matoM ke anusAra sAta yA nau tattva mAne gaye haiM / usakA vivecana yahA~ apekSita nahIM hai, viSaya kA kalevara hI vistRta ho jAyegA / isake liye jijJAsu jana hetu 'syAdvAda maMjarI' darzanIya hai / bhaikSazuddhi : bhikSA ke bayAlisa doSoM se mukta nityarUpa se aduSita jisa anna ko munijana grahaNa karate haiM vaha pavitra bhikSA mAnI gayI hai / usI ko eSaNA samiti bhI prakArAntara se yaha kaha sakate haiM / yathA "dvicatvArizaMtA bhikSAdoSairnityamadUSitam / muniryadannamAdatte saiSaNAsamitirmatA // " iti / caudaha guNasthAna : moha aura yoga ke nimitta se utpanna AtmA ke bhAvoM ko guNasthAna kahate haiM / ve codaha haiM - (1) mithyAdRSTi, (2) sAsAdana, (3) mizra, (4) avirata samyagdRSTi (5) dezavirata, (6) pramattasaMyata, (7) apramattasaMyata (8) apUrvakaraNa, (9) anivRttikaraNa, (10) sUkSmasAmparAma (11) upazAnta moha (12) kSINa moha, (13) sayoga-kevalI (14) ayoga kevalI" / tattvArtha sUtra meM bhI isakA vivecana navama adhyAya meM huA hai / anuyoga : zrutaskandha ke cAra mahA adhikAra varNita kiye gaye haiM unameM pahale anuyoga kA nAma prathamAnuyoga hai / prathamAnuyoga meM tIrthaMkara Adi satpuruSoM ke caritra kA varNana hotA hai / dUsare mAra

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jayodaya mahAkAvya meM prastuta sthAna /220. mahAdhikAra kA nAma karaNAnuyoga hai| isameM tInoM lokoM kA varNana usa prakAra likhA hotA hai jisa prakAra kisI tAmra patra para kisI kI vaMzAvalI likhI hotI hai / jinendra deva ne tIsare mahAdhikAra ko caraNAnuyoga batalAyA hai / isameM muni aura zrAvakoM ke cAritra kI zaddhi kA nirupaNa hotA hai / cauthA mahAdhikAra dravyAnuyoga hai / isameM pramANanaya nikSepa tathA satsaMkhyA kSetra, sparzana, kAla, antara, bhAva, alpabahutva, nirdeza, svAmitva, sAdhana, adhikaraNa, sthiti, vidhAna Adi ke dvArA dravyoM kA nirNaya kiyA jAtA hai / mokSa : ___ AtmA kA karmoM se sarvathA sambandha chUTa jAnA mokSa kahalAtA hai| trivarga : dharma, artha, kAma ina tInoM ko trivarga kahA gayA hai / darzana : ____ padArthoM kA anAkAra - nirvikalpa jAnanA darzana hai / kevalya : saMsAra ke samasta padArthoM ko eka sAtha jAnane vAlA jJAna / gaNadhara : tIrthaMkaroM ke samavasaraNa meM rahane vAle viziSTa muni / ye cAra jJAna ke dhAraka hote haiN| cakravartIH cakraratna kA svAmI rAjAdhirAja, ye bAraha hote haiM tathA bharata airAvata aura videha kSetra ke chaha khaNDoM ke svAmI hote haiM / dvAdaza bhAvanA : isakA sarvatra ullekha hai / anitya, azaraNa, saMsAra, ekatva, anyatva, azuci, Asva, saMvara, nirjarA, loka, bodhidurlabha aura dharma inako dvAdaza bhAvanA yAnI bAraha bhAvanA kahA gayA sAmAyika : cAritraya kA eka bheda jisakA sAmAnya rUpa samasta pApoM kA tyAga kara samatAbhAva dhAraNa karanA artha hai"| aSTAviMzatimUlaguNa : muniyoM ke mUlaguNa aTThAIsa hote haiM / pA~camahAvrata, pA~ca samitiyA~, pA~ca indriyadamana, vastra parityAga, kezoM kA loMca karanA, chaha AvazyakatAoM meM kabhI bAdhA nahIM honA, snAna

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330 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana nahIM karanA, pRthivI para sonA, dA~tauna nahIM karanA, khar3e hokara bhojana karanA aura dina meM eka bAra AhAra lenA, inheM aTThAIsa mula guNa kahate haiM / inake sivAya caurAsI lAkha uttara guNa bhI haiM, mahAmuni una sabake pAlana karane meM prayatna karate the / brahmacarya : AtmatattvarUpa meM lIna rahanA athavA strI mAtra kA parityAga karanA jaina mata meM brahmacarya kahA gayA hai| dazadharma : - kSamA, mArdava, Arjava, zauca, satya, saMyama, tapa, tyAga, AkiMcanya aura brahmacarya ye dasa dharma hai / paMcaparameSThI : arahanta, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu ye pA~ca parameSThI kahalAte haiM / zukladhyAna : ArtadhyAna, raudra dhyAna, dharma dhyAna aura zukla dhyAna ye dhyAna ke cAra bheda haiN"| pRthaktvavitarka, ekatvavitarka, sUkSmakriyApratipAti aura vyuparatakriyAnivarti ye zukla dhyAna ke cAra bheda haiN| zalAkA puruSa : caubIsa tIrthaMkara, bAraha cakravartI, nava nArAyaNa", nava pratinArAyaNa", nava balabhadra, ye triSaSTi puruSa tirasaTha zalAkA puruSa kahalAte haiN| maGgalASTaka : chatra, dhvaja, kalaza, cAmara, supratiSThaka (ThonA) bhaMgAra (jhArI) aura tAlapatra (paMkha) ina ATha maMgala dravyoM ko maGgalASTaka kahA gayA hai / nairgranthIH . digambara muni ko jaina granthoM meM nairgranthI ke nAma se jAnA gayA hai| navadhAbhakti : ___ise nava puNya ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai / pratigrahaNa-paDigAhanA, ucca sthAna para baiThanA, paira dhonA, aSTadravya se pUjA karanA, namaskAra karanA, manazuddhi, vacanazuddhi, kAyazuddhi aura anna jalazuddhi ye navadhAbhakti kahe jAte haiN| jayodayagata lalita sUktiyA~ 1. anubhavanti bhavanti bhavAntakAH / 2. nItividyo'bhinandati / ja.ma. 7/31 ja.ma. 1/94

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& Fi oo op jayodaya mahAkAvya meM prastuta sthAna /231 aho jarAyAM tu kuto vicaarH| ja.ma. 1/27 aho kiM tamasaH samasyA / ja.ma. 19/100 aho durantA bhava smbhvaa'vniH| ja.ma. 23/19 aho taTasthA mahatAM sadaiva / ja.ma. 15/2 RSerbhavatyeva bhvo'pdossH| ja.ma. 27/21 konu nAzrayati vA svato hitam / ja.ma. 2/18 kA gatirnizi hi dIpakaM vinA / ja.ma. 2/97 kasya cidrati karo hi tattvataH / ja.ma. 3/12 kiM mallimAlA nvayate kuzena / ja.ma. 20/35 12. gRhIti trivrgprinnaamsNgrhii| ja.ma. 2/21 13. cakAsti yogyena hi yogya saGgamaH ja.ma. 3/89 caurya tadicchetkila ko'tra kartum / ja.ma. 2/137 jaDaprasane maunaM hi hitam / ja.ma.14/80 jaDAnAM parAbhavaH kaSTakaro nAnA / ja.ma. 14/87 17. tamaH parihRtau kimu dIpa parizramaH / ja.ma. 9/73 tuSaM prarohAya hi tandulasya / / ja.ma. 19/109 19. dhirApi dhigjaDatAmiti dehinaH / .. ja.ma. 25/8 20. na tu manaH pratibuddhayati kAminaH / ja.ma.2/158 nirAzrayA na zobhante vanitA hi latA iva / ja.ma. 3/56 nArIha sA rItikarI rUparasya / ja.ma. 15/42 23. nijaH parovetti na vetti sattamaH / ja.ma. 24/135 24. na punareti paraM padamuddhataH / ja.ma. 25/43 nandeti vaco'pi pathyavat / ja.ma. 26/28 pAdakAstu patitA sthitiH kSateH / ja.ma. 2/16 pratyayaH ko niratyayaH / ja.ma. 7/38 prabhA hi labdhvA khalu dharma satvam / ja.ma. 11/99 paryAya mAlyaM hi yatastu vastu / / ja.ma. 19/58 bhUrizo bhavati loka mUrkhatA / .ja.ma. 2/88 bhavitumarhati nAsumato gtiH| ja.ma. 9/61 32. mulamasti vinayo hi dharmasAt / ja.ma. 2/73 ratIzvarasyAkSi yugaM hi raktam / ja.ma. 15/10 rocanAdibhirapokSiNAM hitam / ja.ma. 21/30 35. loka eva khalu loka sNguruH|| ja.ma. 2/90 18. 21. 31.

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232 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. lomAli daNDaM tadudAtta hetum / vyayasthalo'tho tamasau'bhyupAsti / zAnti saMsthApanAyaivaM na rAgo'pi vidhIyatAm zakti kuto grastumahopravINA / sammatA hi mahatAM mahAnvayAH / prastareSu maNayo'pi hi kvacit / saheta vidvAn pade kuto ratam / syAjjIvanaM jIvanaM vinA / bhAvo vindhutA / siddhiH samRddhi sahitA svameva bhAtu / sahiSNutA kA khalu jiSNucitaiH / sammAnanArthe na hi kautukAni / sAnugrahaM satyajaneSTi diSTaH / sUryodaye kA khalu caurabhItiH / sarvameva sakalasya nauSadham / yo brahmaNApi mahitaH sa na mahyatekaiH / hitaM sumati bhASita mapyavagAhitam / atharva veda agnipurANa amara koza abhidhAnacintAmaNi koza alaGkAra tilaka alaGkAra zekhara alaGkAra sarvasva amarUka zataka Adi purANa bhAga eka (jaina) Adi purANa bhAga do (jaina) uttarAdhyayanasUtra Rgveda ekAvalI aucityavicAra carcA sahAyaka granthoM kI sUcI harinArAyaNa ApTe, mudraNAlaya khriSTAbda 1900 amara siMha kezava mizra rupyaka amarUka AcArya jina sena AcArya jina sena vidyAdhara kSemendra AnandAzrama ja.ma. 11/40 ja.ma. 15/81 ja.ma. 28/20 ja.ma. 1/36 ja.ma. 2/11 ja.ma. 2/12 ja.ma. 2/142 ja.ma. 3/31 ja.ma. 3/71 ja.ma. 10/96 ja.ma. 19/86 ja.ma. 27/78 ja.ma. 27/43 ja.ma. 19/110 ja.ma.2/17 ja.ma. 24/147 ja.ma. 9/31

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jayodaya mahAkAvya meM prastuta sthAna /233 bhAmaha vAmana kAlikA purANa kAvyAlaGkAra kAvyAlaGkAra sUtra vRtti kAvyAlaGkAra kAvyAdarza kAvya prakAza kAvya mImAMsA kAvyAnuzAsana karma purANa citramImAMsA chandomaMjarI rUdraTa daNDI mammaTa rAjazekhara hemacandra appraya dIkSita zrIgaGgAdAsa prabhA rucirA saMskRta' .. hindI TIkA sahita, caukhambA saMskRta sirIja vArANasI / chAndogya upaniSad jayadhavalA jaina zAsana ThANAMga sUtra tattvArtha sUtra vIrasena evaM zrI jayasena semurucandra . ... zrI umA svAmI, digambara jaina pustakAlaya vArANasI / taittirIyopaniSad dazarupaka darzanasAra dhvanyAloka navasAhasAGkacarita nala carita nATaka nATyazAstra nirukta naiSadha mahAkAvya padmapurANa (jaina) paMca saMgraha dhanika dhanaMjaya deva senAcArya Anandavardhana padmaguptaparimala nIla kaNTha dIkSita bharata yAska zrI harSa AcArya raviSeNa saMskRta TIkA prAkRta vRtti hindI anuvAda sahita, prakAzaka-bhAratIya jJAna pITha durgA kuNDa roDa, vaaraannsii|

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234/jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana pratAparudrayazIbhUSaNa vidyAnAtha pANinisUtra pANini bAlarAmAyaNa rAjazekhara viSNu purANa manusmRti mahAbhArata vyAsa mahApurANa (apabhraMza) (jaina) mahAkavi puSpadanta, maNikacandra digambara jaina grantha mAlA samiti se prakAzita / mArkaNDeya purANa raghuvaMza kAlidAsa rasagaGgAdhara jagannAtha (paMDita rAja) rAmAyaNa vAlmIki liGga purANa loka prakAza zrI vinaya vijaya gaNi kRta, gujarAtI anuvAda sahita Agamodaya samiti vakroktijIvita vAyumahApurANa pUrvArdha vArAha purANa vikramAMka deva carita vilhaNa vRtta ratnAkara vyakti viveka mahima bhaTTa brahmANDa purANa pUrvArdha zatapathabrAhmaNa zrImadbhAgavata purANa zRGgAra prakAza bhojarAja SaDadarzana samucyaya samavayAGga sUtra sarasvatI kaNThAbharaNa bhojarAja saMskRta zabdArtha kaustubha saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa baladeva upAdhyAya sAhitya darpaNa AcArya vizvanAtha suvRtta tilaka kSemendra harivaMza purANa (jaina) AcArya jinasena harSa carita vANabhaTTa * kuntaka kedAra bhaTTa * *

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jayodaya mahAkAvya meM prastuta sthAna /235 phaTa noTa 1. ' Adi. pu. bhAga eka, 4/81-85 taka 2. A. pu. bhAga 1, parva 15-25, zrI madbhA . pu. 1/7/10, 5/5/28, 5/3/20, a. pu. 107/ 11, mA. pu. 50/39, 40, 41, ku. pu. 61/37, 38, vAyu . pu. pUrvArdha 33/50, 51, 52, brahmA. pu. pUrvA. anu. 14/59, 60, 61, vA. pu. adhyAya 74, liGgapu. 47/19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 pUrvArdha, bi. pu. dvi. 1/27, 28, jaina zAsana (dvi. saM.) pRSTha-300 hari. pu. (jaina) sarga 8, 9, pRSTha-146-184 3. jaha gerUveNa kuDDI lippai leveNa Ama piTTeNa / taha pariNAmo lippaha suhA suhA yatti leveNa // - paM. saM. jI. sa. pra. adhi. gAthA 143 4. DhANAMgasUtra saTIka, DhA. 1, sUtra 51 patra 31-32 5. (a) uSNAMga sUtra saTIka, uttarArdha, DhA. 6, u. 3 sUtra 504 patra 361-2 tathA samavAyAGga sUtra saTIka, samavAya-6 patra 11-1 (ba) kiNhA nIlA ya kAU ya, teU pamhA taheva ya / sukkalesA ya chaThThA ya, nAmAiMtu jahakkamA __ - uttarAdhyayana sUtra adhyayana 34, gAthA 3 6. dravyaloka prakAza, pRSTha-112-126 7. devA cauvvihA vuttA, te me kittayao suNa / bhImijjavANamantarajoisa vemANiyA tahA / - uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 36, gAthA 202 8. pisAyabhUyA jakkhA ya, rakkhAsA kinnarA kiMpurisA / mahoragA ca gandhavvA, aTThavihA vANamantarA // ___ - vahI. gAthA 205 9. vyantarAH kinnrkiNpurussmhorgndhrvykssraaksssbhuutpishaacaaH| . - tattvArthasUtra saTIka, adhyAya 4, sUtra 11 10. syuH pizAcA bhUtA yakSA rAkSasAH kinnarA api / kiMpuruSA mahoragA, gandharvA vyantarA amii| - abhidhAna cintAmaNi devakANDa 2, zloka 91 11. jIvAjIvo 1-2 tathA puNyaM 3, pApAtraya 4-5 saMvaro 6 baMdho 7 vinirjarA 8 mokSo 9 navatattvAni tanyate / ' - SaDadarzana-samucyaya zloka 47 . 12. jIvAjIvA ya bandho ya, puNNaM pAvA'savo tahA / saMvaro nijarA mokkho tantee tahiyA navA - uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 28, gAthA 14 13. ThANAMga sUtra, sUtra 665 14. pizAcA bhUtayakSAzca rAkSasAH kinnarA api / kiMpuruSAmahoragA / - loka prakAza prathama vibhAga, dravyaloka sarga 8, zloka 29 15. samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokssmaargH| - tattvArthasUtra saTIka, 1/1 16. vahI. 1/2 17. matizrutAvadhimanaH paryayakevalAni jJAnam / - tattvArthasUtra 1/9 18. vahI. 1/21 19. Adi pu. bhAga 1, 24/94

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236 / jayodaya mahAkAvya kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana - 20. mahAdhikArAzcatvAraH zrutaskandhasya varNitA / teSAmAdyo'nuyogo'yaM satAM saccaritAzrayaH // - vahI. 2/98 dvitIyaH karaNAdiH syAdanuyogaH sa yatra vai / trailokyakSetrasaMkhyAnaM kulapatre'dhiropitam / caraNAdismRtIyaH syAdanuyogo ninoditaH / yatracaryAvidhAnasya parAzuddhirudAhRtA // turyo dravyAnuyogastu dravyANAM yatra nirNayaH / pramANanayanikSapaiH sadAdyaizca kimAdibhiH // vahI, 2/99, 100, 101 21. vahI. 2 /118 23. vahI. 24/101 22. A. pu. bhAga-1, 11/33 24. vahI. 5/149 25. vahI. 2/51 26. vahI. 2 /117 28. vahI. 36/133-13529. vahI. 36/158 32. ArtaraudradharmyazuklAni / 33. pRthaktvaikatvavitarkasUkSmakriyApratipAti vyuparatakriyAnivartIni / - vahI. 9/39 34. etasyAmavasarpiNyAmRSabho'jita zambhavau / abhinandanaH sumatiH tataH padmaprabhAbhidhaH // supAzvazcandraprabhazca suvidhizcAtha zItala / zreyAMso vAsu pUjyazca, vimalo nantatIrthakRta // dharmaH zAntiH kunthura mallizca munisuvrataH / naminebhiH pArzvo vIrazcaturviMzatirarhatAm // abhidhAna ci. devAdhidevakANDa 1/26, 27, 28 27. Adi. pu. 2, 30. vahI. 36/137 35. ArSabhirbharatastatrasagara stumumitrabhRH / madhavA vaijayiradhAzvasenanRpanandanaH // sanatkumAro'tha zAntiH kunthuraro jinA api / vAsudevA amIkRSNA, navazuklA balAstvamI // - 34/130 31. vahI. 38/188 tattvArtha sUtra saTIka, subhRmastu kArttavIryaH padmaH padmottarAtmajaH // hariSeNa harisuto jayo vijayanandanaH / brahmasunurbrahmadattaH sarve pIkSvAkuvaMzajAH // abhi. ci. martyakANDa 3, zloka 692, 93, 94 prajApatyAstripRSTho'tha dvipRSTho brahma sambhavaH / svayambhU rudratanayaH, somabhUH puruSottamaH // zaivaH puruSasiMho'tha, mahAzissamudrabhavaH / syAt puNDarIko, datto grisiMhanandanaH // nArAyaNo dAzarathiH kRSNastu vasudevabhUH / 9/28 37. acalo vijayo bhadra: suprabhazca sudarzanaH / Anando nandanaH padmo, rAmoviSNubhistvamI // abhi. ci. martyakANDa 3, zloka 695, 96, 97 abhi. ci. martyakANDa 3, zloka 698 38. azvaH grIvastArakazca merako madhureva ca / nizumbhabaliprahalAdalaGkezamagadhezvarAH // - vahI. zloka 699 - 39. jinaiH saha triSaSTiH syuH zalAkA puruSA amI / vahI zloka 700 40. Adi. pu. 1, 10/169 41. vahI. 20/86, 87 000

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AcArya jJAnasAgara vAgartha vimarza kendra dvArA prakAzita pustakeM prathama puSpa - itihAsa ke panne AcArya jJAnasAgara jI dvArA racita dvitIya puSpa - hita sampAdaka AcArya jJAnasAgara jI dvArA racita tRtIya puSpa - tIrtha pravartaka munizrI sudhAsAgarajI mahArAja ke pravacanoM kA saMkalana caturtha puSpa - jaina rAjanaitika cintana dhArA, DaoN. zrImati vijayalakSmI jaina paMcama puSpa - aJjanA pavanaMjayanATakam DaoN. ramezacanda jaina, bijanaura SaSTama puSpa - jainadarzana meM ratnatraya kA svarUpa DaoN. narendrakumAra dvArA likhita saptama puSpa - bauddhadarzana para zAstrIya samikSA DaoN. ramezacandra jaina, bijanaura aSTama puSpa - jaina rAjanaitika cintana dhArA DaoN. zrImati vijayalakSmI jaina navama puSpa - Adi brahmA RSabhadeva baisTira campatarAya jaina dazama puSpa - mAnava dharma paM. bhUrAmalajI zAstrI (AcArya jJAnasAgarajI) ekAdazaM puSpa - nItivAkyAmRta zrImatsomadevasUri-viracita dvAdazam puSpa - jayodaya mahAkAvya kailAza pati pANDeya, gorakhapura

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" jio ajamera