Vividha

Author(s): Niranjana Vora
Publisher: Niranjana S Vora
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/004576/1

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vivavidyA (bauddhadarzana ane jainadarzananA saMzodhana lekho) DaoN. niraMjanA zvetaketu vorA T Education International 2010_03

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viliyA (bauddhadarzana ane jainadarzananA saMzodhana lekho) DaoN. niraMjanA zvetaketu vorA 2010_03

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2010_03

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viviyA (bauddhadarzana ane jainadarzananA saMzodhana lekho) DaoN. niraMjanA zvetaketu vorA 69-bI, svastika sosAyaTI, navaraMgapurA, amadAvAda-380OOG 2010_03

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VIVIDHA Ed. Dr. Niranjana Shwetketu Vora niraMjanA vorA prakAzaka : niraMjanA vorA 69-bI, svastika sosAyaTI, navaraMgapurA, amadAvAda-9 phona : 65230312 prathama AvRtti : 2008 nakala : 500 mUlya : 120-00 mudraka H kriznA prinTarI 966, nAraNapurA jUnA gAma, amadAvAda-13 phona : 9898659902 gujarAta sAhitya akAdamI, gAMdhInagaranI Arthika sahAyathI prakAzita 2010_03

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nivedana bauddhadarzana ane jainadarzananA adhyayana ane adhyApanakArya nimitte tathA sAhityaviSayaka kAryakramo ane parisaMvAdo mATe lakhAyelA lekhono saMcaya ahIM karyo che. mukhyatve to abhyAsI jijJAsuo ane vidyArthIone paNa mArgadarzana maLe te mATe ja keTalAka lekho taiyAra karyA che. bauddhadarzana tathA jainadarzananA viSayamAM abhyAsanI sAmagrI, gujarAtI bhASAmAM pramANamAM ochI upalabdha che. tethI te ahIM prastuta karavAno prayatna karyo che. sarva kAryonA AraMbhe Adya evA zrI gaNapati vezeno saMzodhana lekha tathA zrI vinobAjInA sarva-dharma-samanvaya vizenA vicAro vizenA lekha AraMbhamAM ja mUkyA che. tyArabAda bauddha ane jaina darzananA AcAra-vicAra tathA siddhAMto vizenA ane tattvadarzananA tathA pAli-prAkRta sAhityano vizada paricaya ApatA lekhonI rajUAta karI che. aMta bhAgamAM keTalAka prakIrNa lekhono saMcaya che. A vividhA'- sAmagrI aneka rIte vAcakone mATe upayogI ane mArgadarzaka banI raheze tevI zraddhA che. li. niraMjanA vorA 2010_03

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anukramaNikA 58 zrI gaNezanuM AdhyAtmika svarUpa sarvadharma-samanvayaH pU. vinobAjInA vicAronA saMdarbhamAM bauddhadharma bauddhadarzanamAM pratipAdita karmasiddhAnta bauddhadarzanamAM parama tattvanI vibhAvanA gujarAtI sAhityamAM bauddhadarzanano prabhAva 49 aMgulimAla sUtra prAcIna gaNarAjayonI saMdarbhamAM lokakartutva vizenI gautama buddhanI vibhAvanA 64 pAlibhASA-"pAli' zabdano artha ane udbhava tripiTaka sAhitya bauddha saMskRta sAhitya milindaprazna : graMtha paricaya tIrthakara RSabhadeva ane gautama buddha uvasaggahara stotra : sarvAgI samIkSA dravyayoganuM svarUpa ane prajJApanA sUtramAM tenuM nirUpaNa 105 jainadarzanamAM karmasiddhAMta jainadarzanamAM lepyAno siddhAMta jainadarzanamAM cAra yoga 128 AcArya bhadrabAhuta Avazyaka niryukti 133 zrAvaka kavi RSabhadAsa : sAhityika viziSTatAo 145 vartamAna pariprekSyamAM AcArya tulasI prerita aNuvrata AMdolananI upAdayatA upara jJAtAdharmakathAH samIkSAtmaka adhyayana gujarAtanuM jaina saMskRta-prAkRta sAhitya 172 upaniSada 102 11 2 1 20 1pa6 180 2010_03

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zrI gaNezanuM AdhyAtmika svarUpa mA pUre vinA : A ukti anusAra samasta zubha kAryonA prAraMbhamAM zrI gaNezanI agrapUjA vizALa hiMdu samAjamAM suprasiddha che. zrI gaNeza parabrahma svarUpa che. atharvazIrSa upaniSada, gaNezapurANa, muddagalapurANa vagere gaNeza saMbaMdhI sAhityamAM zrI gaNezanA parabrahma svarUpanuM varNana anekavAra karavAmAM AvyuM che. OM OM rUti zabdobUta sarve nArada RgyedasaMhitAmAM paNa nAnAM tyAM Apatti vAmadevuM vinAma vagere zlokomAM gaNapatinuM varNana che. gaNapati sarva vighno dUra karanAra riddhi-siddhi-buddhinA pradAtA che. gaNezanI upAsanA bhArata uparAMta cIna, jApAna, bAlI, nepALa, brahmadeza, aphaghAnistAna vagere dezomAM paNa pracalita che. A dezomAM gaNezanI vividha svarUpanI mUrtio tathA maMdiro Aje paNa vidyamAna che. gaNapatinuM dhyAtavya svarUpa : sarvasthUlatanuM gajendravadanaM lambodaraM suMdaraM praracandanmadagandhAbdhamadhupaNyAtotaga'sthatam / dantA ghAta vidAritArirupiTaiH sindUra zobhAkaTaM tande zaita sutAsutaM gaNapatiM siddhipradaM karmasu // zrI gaNezajInI AkRti nAnI che, zarIra dhULa che, mukha gajendranuM che, udara vizALa ane suMdara che. emanA gaNDasthala para madasrAva thaI rahyo che ane bhramaragaNa cArebAjuthI enI upara ekatrita thaI rahyo che. te potAnA dAMtathI zatruonuM vidAraNa karIne emanA raktanuM zarIra para avalepana karIne siMdUrano lepa karyA pachInI hoya tevI zobhA dhAraNa kare che. ATha siddhi ne nava nidhi gaNapatinI sevAmAM upasthita rahe che. devagaNa zrI pArvatIjInA A putranI aharniza sevA karatA, emanI kRpAdRSTi vAMche che. zrI gaNeza atharvazIrSamAM zrI gaNezanI stuti karatAM kahyuM che ke : " tame sattva, raja ane tama e traNa guNathI para cho; tame pUla, sUkSma ane kAraNa - e traNa dehothI para cho, tame bhUta, bhaviSya ane vartamAnamAM traNa kALathI para cho tame nitya mUlAdhAra cakramAM sthita che. tame prabhuzakti, utsAhazakti ane maMtrazakti e traNa zaktiothI saMyukta . tame brahmA cho, tame viSNu cho, tame rudra cho, tame indra cho, tame agni cho, tame vAyu cho, tame sUrya cho, tame caMdramA cho, tame (saguNa) brahma cho, tame (nirguNa) tripAda bhU, bhUvaH, svaH evaM praNava cho.. ahIM zrI gaNezanA saguNa ane nirguNa tathA AdhyAtmika svarUpane varNavyuM che. 2010_03

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vividhA paMcadevanI upAsanAmAM gaNeza : AdityaM gaNanAthaM ca devIM rudraM ca kezavam / paMcadaicavatamityuktaM sarvakarmasu pUjayet // pAMca devonI upAsanAnuM rahasya paMcabhUta sAthe saMbaMdhita che. paMcabhUta te pRthvI, jaLa, teja, vAyu ane AkAza. A tattvonA pAMca devo A pramANe che. AkAzasyAdhipo viSNuH / vAyoH sUryaH kSiterizo jIvanasya gaNAdhipaH // pRthvI tattva - ziva adhipati jala tattva - gaNeza adhipati teja (agni) - zakti adhipati mata (vAyu) - sUrya adhipati AkAza tattva - viSNu adhipati bhagavAna ziva pRthvItattvanA adhipati hovAthI temanI pArthiva pUjAnuM vidhAna che. viSNu AkAzatattvanA adhipati hovAthI zabdo dvArA temanI stuti karavAno Adeza che. agninI adhipati zakti hovAthI zakti-devInuM agnikuMDa-yajJa dvArA pUjana karAya che. gaNeza jaLatattvanA adhipati hovAthI sarva prathama pUjana karavAno Adeza che. manunuM kathana che ke Apa vaM sarSA tAvInamavAgat (manusmRti, 1:8) sRSTimAM sarva prathama utpanna thanAra jaLatatvanA adhipati gaNapati hovAthI temanI pUjA sarva prathama thAya che. jaLatattvapradhAna vyakti mATe gaNapatinI pUjA Avazyaka che. yogazAstranI daSTie zrI gaNezanI agratA : yogazAstranA AcAryonuM kahevuM che ke merudaMDanA madhyamAM je suSuNNA nADI che, te brahmarandramAM pravezIne mastiSkanI nADIo sAthe maLI jAya che. sAdhAraNa sthitimAM prANa saMpUrNa zarIramAM prasarelo hoya che. yogakriyAthI prANane suSummAmAM sthita karIne yogI tene mastiSka tarapha laI jAya che, tema tenuM citta zAnta thAya che ane tenI jJAnazaktimAM vRddhi thAya che. suSummAnA nIcethI upara sudhI kramazaH mUlAdhAra, svAdhiSThAna, maNipUraka, anAhata, vizuddha ane AjJAcakra hoya che. A mUlAdhArane gaNeza sthApana kahe che, kAraNa tenA adhipati devatA gaNapati che. Ama yogamAM paNa gaNapatinuM sthAna prathama che. vAtsApaddhati mAM cha cakronA devatAonAM nAma A pramANe che : gaNezvaro vidhiviSNuM zivo nIvI gurustathA / paDete haMsatAmetya mUlAdhAradiSu sthitAH // 2010_03

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zrI gaNezanuM AdhyAtmika svarUpa te uparAMta gaNapati OMkAra svarUpa manAya che, tethI paNa pUjAmAM tenuM sthAna agra rahe che, gaNapatinuM svarUpa tathA zastra-asra : gaNano artha varga thAya che, samUha ke samUdAya, Izano artha svAmI. zivagaNo arthAt gaNa devonA svAmI hovAthI te gaNeza kahevAya che. ATha vasu, agiyAra rudra ane bAra Adityane gaNadevatA kahevAya che. gaLa rASTra: samUhasya vALa: parikIrtitaH / 'gaNa' zabda vyAkaraNamAM paNa Ave che. vyAkaraNamAM gaNapAThanuM eka alaga astitva che. tevI ja rIte Adi anAdi tathA juhotyAdi prabhutigaNa dhAtu-samUha che. 'gaNa' zabda rudranA anucaro mATe paNa vaparAya che. rAmAyaNamAM kahevAyuM che, dhanAdhyakSa samodevaH prApto hi vRSabhadhvajaH / umAsahAya devezo gaNaizca bahubhiryutaH // 3 saMkhyA vizeSaka senAno bodhaka zabda paNa gaNa che. jemake hAthI=27, 25=29, azva81, padAti=135 arthAt 270 no samUdAya - enA svAmI paNa zrI gaNeza che. 'mahAnirvANataMtra' mAM kahyuM che - rUpastu mahezani gaLavIkSApravartaH / jyotiSazAstramAM azvinI vagere janmanakSatro pramANe deva, mAnava ane rAkSasa e traNa gaNa che. A sarva prakAranA gaNanA svAmI gaNapati che. pAMca karmendriyo, pAMca jJAnendriyo ane agiyAramuM mana-tenA svAmI paNa zrI gaNeza che. chaMdazAstramAM paNa agaNa, magaNa, nagaNa, yagaNa vagere ATha gaNa hoya che. gaNa nAmanA daitya para temano adhikAra hovAthI te gaNeza kahevAya che. akSarone paNa gaNa kahevAmAM Ave che. tenA Iza hovAne kAraNe gaNeza kahevAya che. 'gaNeza' zabdano vidvAnoe nIce pramANe artha karyo che. jJAnArthavAcako, gazca Nazca nirvANavAcakaH / tayora parabrahma gaNezaM praNamAmyaham // 'ga' akSara jJAnano ane 'Na' akSara nirvANano vAcaka che. tethI jJAna ane mokSanA svAmI parabrahma gaNezane huM praNAma karuM chuM. gaNAnAM pati gaNapati: nirguNasaguNabrahmagaNAnAM patiH gaNapatiH // sarvavidha gaNone sattA-sphUrti ApanAra je paramAtmA che te gaNapati che. gaNapati pUjana dvArA paramAtmAnuM ja pUjana thAya che, te brahmathI abhinna che. jenAmAM brahmatattvanA guNo che jagatanI utpatti-sthiti, laya-lIlatva, jagatanuM niyaMtraNa karavAnI zakti ane sarvanuM pAlana karavAnuM sAmarthya che te ja 'brahma' che. 2010_03

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'gaNapati atharvazIrSa'mAM kahyuM che : OM namaste gaNapataye tvameva kevalaM kartAsi, tvameva kevalaM dhartAsi tvameva kevalaM hartAsi tvameva sarva khalvidaM brahmAsi / ahIM gaNapatine tvameva pratyakSaM tattvamasi ema kahyuM che. gaNapatinA svarUpamAM nara tathA gaja A baMnenA svarUpanuM sAmaMjasya jovA maLe che. temAM 'tat' zabda sarva jagatanA kAraNarUpa, sarvajJa, sarvazaktimAna paramAtmA che. ane 'TyuM' zabda dvArA alpajJa, alpa zaktivALo jIva sUcita thAya che. vAstavamAM nara ane gajanuM sAmaMjasya asaMbhava che tema parama brahma ane jIvanuM aikya paNa asaMbhava che, paraMtu gaNapatinA svarUpamAM vyaMjanA dvArA baMnenuM adbhuta nirdezAyuM che. gaNapatinuM mukha gajanuM che, paNa nIceno bhAga manuSyono che. temanA dehamAM nara tathA gajanuM anupama sammilana thayuM che. gaja sAkSAta brahmane kahe che samAdhi dvArA yogIrAja jenI pAse jAya che, jene prApta kare che te che 'ga' (samAdhinA yozino yaMtra gacchantIti 1:) tathA jenAthI A jagata utpanna thAya che te che 'ja' (yasmAr vindhapratiSivratayA praLavAbhI khADuMnAyate rUthi naH). vizvakAraNa hovAthI te brahma (gaja) kahevAya che. gaNezano uparano bhAga gaja jevo che arthAt nirUpAdhika brahmanuM pratIka che. nIceno bhAga manuSyano che teno artha jIva eTale ke sopAdhika brahma che. gaNezajInuM mastaka 'tat' padArthano saMketa kare che ane nIceno bhAga 'tvam' padArthano saMketa kare che. nirUpAdhika brahma ane sopAdhika jIvatattva gaNezanA svarUpamAM abhedabhAve vilase che. vividhA gaNapatinA svarUpanuM AdhyAtmika rahasya : zrI gosvAmI tulasIdAse potAnA rAmAyaNamAM zrI pArvatIne zraddhA ane zivane vizvanA pratIka tarIke nirUpyAM che. koI paNa kAryasiddhi mATe zraddhA-vizvAsa hovAM jarUrI che. jyAM sudhI zraddhA nathI hotI tyAM sudhI AtmavizvAsa jAgRta thato nathI. ane AtmavizvAsanA abhAvamAM zraddhA paNa lAMbo samaya TakI zakatI nathI. zrI gaNezajI zivapArvatInA putra hovAthI A rIte ja siddhi ane abhISTapUrtinA pratIka gaNAya che. koI paNa kAryanA AraMbhamAM kAryasiddhi arthe zrI gaNezajInI ArAdhanA AthI ja anivArya che. gaNapati ziva ane pArvatInA putra che. agnine 'ziva' ane somane 'zakti' kahevAmAM Ave che. soma zabda 'mA' thI banyo che. 'bRhajjAbAlopaniSada' mAM spaSTa 2010_03

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zrI gaNezanuM AdhyAtmika svarUpa kahyuM che ke "3mA sahitaH ka: A upaniSadamAM jaNAvyuM che te anusAra A saMpUrNa jagatano AtmA agni ane soma che. pracaMDa teja arthAt agni e rudranuM zarIra che. ane amRtamaya tathA zakti ApanAra te soma che A soma zaktisvarUpa che. skUla ane sUkSma sarva bhUtomAM satvomAM rasa (soma) ane teja (agni) sarvatra vyApta che. sarvamAM temanI pratiSThA che. vidyA ane kalA vageremAM paNa A teja ane rasa (soma) vyApta che. somanA be rUpa che : rasa (mA) ane anila (vA). tejanA vidyadAdi aneka prakAra che. agni ane somathI ja eTale ke ziva ane zaktithI A carAcara jagata banyu che. -. ziva ane pArvatInA putrarUpe gaNezanA janma vizenI aneka daMtakathAo pracalita che. paNa ema kahI zakAya ke AvA ziva ane zaktitattvamAMthI ja gaNezatattva pragaTa thayuM che. keTalAka loko zaMkA kare che ke gaNezajI to zivapArvatInA putra che, emanA vivAha samaye gaNapatino janma paNa thayo na hato, to pachI pUjana kevI rIte thAya ? vAstavamAM gaNezajI koInA putra nathI, e , anAdi ane anaMta che. zivajInA putra je gaNeza che te to aja, anAdi, anaMta paramAtmA ja che, zivajInA putra gaNeza te parabrahmarUpa gaNapatinA avatAra che. brahmavaivartapurANamAM jaNAvyuM che ke pArvatInA tapathI golokanivAsI pUrNa parabrahma zrIkRSNa paramAtmA ja gaNapatirUpe avataryA. ataH gaNapati,ziva-kRSNa vagere eka ja che. gaNapatinuM OMkArasvarUpa : gaNapati zabdabrahma 3OMkAranA pratikarUpa che. gaNezanI eka mUrti OM paNa che. emAM AraMbhika bhAga gajano guDadaDa che, uparano anunAsika bhAga caMdra che. eka kathA che ke ziva-pArvatI OM kAranA citra upara dhyAnathI dRSTi rAkhIne beThA hatA, eTalAmAM e citramAMthI ja sAkSAta gaNapati upasthita thayA. e nihALIne zivapArvatI atyaMta prasanna thayA. praNava badhI zrutiomAM prathama hovAthI gaNezanI prathama pUjA karavAmAM Ave che. akAro vAsudevaH syAdukAro vidhimucyate / . ma sta mahAdeva: prAvAya namoDastu te ! (zrI gaNezastava) 'a sattvaguNapradhAna viSNu, "u" rajo guNapradhAna brahmA ane 'matamoguNapradhAna mahAdeva, A traNe devatA jemAMthI pragaTa thayA che te praNava dareka devatAo tathA veda karatAM paNa sanAtana che. e praNavasvarUpa temane (gaNezane) namaskAra che, Ama sarva devatAonI utpatti paNa pUrNasvarUpa gaNapatimAM mAnelI che. gaNapatinA cAra hAtha che. temAM pAza moha ane tamoguNanuM pratIka manAya 2010_03

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vividhA che. aMkuza pravRtti tathA rajoguNanuM cihna ane varamudrA sattvaguNanuM pratIka che "moda' no artha AnaMda pradAna karanAra evo thAya che. arthAt gaNapatinA upAsaka tamoguNa, rajoguNane satvaguNa e traNethI para thaIne vizeSa AnaMdano anubhava kare che. gaNeza caturbhuja che, kAraNa ke te devatA, nara, asura ane nAga-e cAra varga tathA cAra vedonuM sthApana karanAra che. te bhaktonA anugraha mATe potAnA cAra hAthamAM pAza, aMkuza- vara-mudrA ane abhaya-mudrA dhAraNa kare che. bhaktonA moharUpI zatrune phasAvavAnuM kArya pAza kare che, tathA aMkuza te sarva jagatanuM niyaMtraNa karanAra che. duSTono nAza karanAra brahma "datta' che ane sarva kAmanAone pUrNa karanAra vara-mudrA che. temanA hAthamAM je modaka che, tenI AkRti goLa che te goLAkAra mahAzUnyanuM pratika che. A daSTinI sImAmAM AvatuM samagra jagata zUnyamAMthI utpanna thAya che ane zUnyamAM vilIna thAya che. tethI A zUnya ke modakano goLAkAra e pUrNatvanuM pratIka che. campatarAyajInA kahevA pramANe uMdara vivecaka, vibhAjaka bhedakAraka, vibhAraka ne vizleSaka buddhinuM pratIka che. gaNapatino ziroccheda ahaMkArano nAza sUcave che. hAthInuM mastaka dhAraNa karavuM te saMyojaka, samanvayakAraka ane saMzleSaka buddhino udaya sUcave che. laMbodaranuM tAtparya e che ke aneka brahmANDa emanA udaramAM samAyA che. hAthI jevuM mastaka ane lAMbu dhULa jevuM zarIra e gaNezajInI zubha AkRti che. emanuM sthULakAya nAma paNa prakhyAta che. bALako hRSTapuSTa rahe e bhAvanAnuM pratIka emanuM zarIra che. bhagavAna gaNapati vizALakAya che. paNa emanuM vAhana uMdara atyaMta laghukAya che. anya devonA vAhanamAM siMha, azva, garuDa, mayUra vagere pazu-pakSIo che. bhagavAnanA saMparkathI emanA vAhanane paNa mahattA prApta thAya che. mahAmahimA bhagavAna laghumAM laghu prANIone paNa anugrahita kare che e bhAva emAM svIkArAyo che. uMdara e vizleSaNAtmaka tathA tArkika buddhino dyotaka che. mUSaka zabda mUpa + te thI banyo che. teno artha thAya che corI karanAra, manuSyanA manamAM je corI karavI...vagere pApavRttio hoya che tenuM pratIka mUSaka che. zrI gaNeza te mUSaka para ArUDha thAya che. arthAt caraNa dvArA niyaMtraNamAM rAkhe che. zrI gaNezanA ciMtana ane smaraNathI aMdaranA durguNanA nAza pAme che. mUSaka vAhanano artha duSTo ane duvRrtionuM zamana evo paNa thAya che. hAthIne potAno dAMta khUba priya hoya che. e ene haMmezA zubhra rAkhe che. gaNapatie A dAMtano agrabhAga toDI ene tIkSNa banAvI enAthI mahAbhAratalekhananuM kAma karyuM. vidyopArjana, dharma ane nyAyane mATe priya vastuone paNa tyAgavI joIe e rahasyane emaNe A rIte pratipAdana karyuM che. zrI gaNeza ekadanta che. 'eka' zabda mAyAno bodhaka che. ane "danta' zabda 2010_03

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. zrI gaNezanuM AdhyAtmika svarUpa mAyika mAyAcAlaka sattAno sUcaka che. muddagalapurANamAM kahyuM che ke ekazabdAtmikA mAyA tasyAM sarva samudbhavam / dantaH samAdharastatra mAyAcAlaka ucyate // gaNapatinuM ekadantI hovuM te emanI advaitapiryatA darzAve che. ema paNa mAnavAmAM Ave che ke ekadanta gaNapati prakRtipuruSanI ekatAnA pratIka athavA ghotaka che. zrI gaNezajIne vakratuNDa paNa kahevAmAM Ave che. "vakra'' e mAyAsUcaka che ane 'tuccha' e brahmavAcaka che. muddagalapurANa anusAra mAyAmaya sukha mohayukta che. tethI tene vakra kahevAmAM Ave che. "tumha' zabda brahmano bodhaka che e baMneno yoga thavAthI gaNeza vakratuNDa kahevAya che. temanA kaThathI nIceno bhAga 'vakra' ane "tuNDa' eTale mastakano bhAga brahmavAcaka che, tethI te vakratuNDa che. - gaNapatinA kAna sUpaDAkAra, gajakarNaka kahevAmAM Ave che. sUpaDAnI jema te melane uDADI mUke che, mananA melano nAza kare che. nAganuM yajJopavIta kuNDalinIno saMketa kare che tathA mastaka parano caMdramAM sahastrAra cakranI upara sthita amRtavarSaNa caMdramAnuM pratIka che. lokanetRtva svarUpa : zrI gaNeze lokahitakArI maMgalamaya Adarzone paNa caritArtha karyA che. sarvethI agra-prathama eTale ke netRtva dhAraNa karanArA hovAthI temaNe lokanetAnA Adarzo tarapha saMketa karyo che. lokanetAnI dRSTie temanA svarUpano vicAra karIe. gaNa' zabdano eka artha guNa eTale ke sadaguNa paNa thAya che. guNarUpI gaNothI alaMkRta manuSyane ja loko netA tarIke niyukta kare che. sadaguNonA samudrarUpa gaNapati tethI ja gaNanAyaka tarIke suprasiddha che. sArthaka jIvana jIvavA mATe sthUla padArthone joI zakanAra netra uparAMta trIjuM jJAnarUpI netra paNa manuSyae dhAraNa karavuM joIe. jJAnAvAridhi zrI gaNezanuM lalATagata trIjuM netra A bhAvane vyakta kare che. gaNapatinI AMkho nAnI-jhINI che. jhINI AMkhe jagatanuM darzana karavAthI vastunuM talagAmI darzana thaI zake che. athavA nirIkSaNanI viziSTa zakti 'jhINI AMkho' dvArA vyakta thAya che. lokanAyake sahRdayabhAvathI lokonI ApattinI vAta sAMbhaLavI joIe. gaNapati gajakarNaka hovAne kAraNe lokonA du:khanI vAto potAnA vizALa kAnathI sAMbhaLe che. temanA kAna zurpakarNa arthAt sUpaDA jevA che. tenAthI te bhaktanI kamarajane, mAyAjanita melane sUpaDAnI jema dUra kare che. netAe janasamUha sAthe vyavahAra karatI vakhate ati gaMbhIra ke kaThora mukhabhAva 2010_03

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vividhA dhAraNa karavo joIe nahi. paNa sadA vizAla, vimaLa ane pramudita hRdayavALA thaIne prasanna vadana rahevuM joIe. vighnarUpa aMdhakArane dUra karanAra sUryarUpa gaNapatino prasanna mukhabhAva A iMgitane sUcave che. pArasparika nehabharyA saMbaMdha sthApavA mATe prasannatAno. bhAva jarUrI che. gaNezajInuM udara vizALa che. tenA dvArA temanA mana ane hRdayanI vizALatA paNa sUcavAya che. te bIjA dvArA karAyelA apakAra ke anucita kAryo vizenI hakIkatane potAnA vizALa uMdaramAM samAvI rAkhIne potAnI mahAzayatA pragaTa kare che. temanA uMdaramAM sarva prapaMca pratiSThita che. lokanAyake lokAnI vacce rahIne vAtAvaraNane anurAgamaya rAkhavuM joIe. te kAraNathI te raktavarNavALA vastra dhAraNa kare che ane vAtAvaraNane utsAhabharyuM rAkhe che. raktavarNa anurAga ane utsAhapreraka che. potAnA hAthanI abhaya ane varada mudrA bhaktajano para anugraha karIne temanuM hita sAdhe che. aMkuza dvArA te durjano para ane duSTa vRttio para niyaMtraNa rAkhe che. premarUpI pAza dvArA sarva lokone vazamAM rAkhe che ane modaka dvArA bhaktajanone prasannatA arpe che. lokanAyake lokasamUhane prasanna rAkhavAno prayatna karavo joIe, e bhAva ahIM sUcita che. gaNapati nAnAM-moTAM, ucca-nIca sau sAthe samAnabhAve varte che te bhAva mUSakanA vAhanathI sUcita thAya che. netAe kadI paNa bhedabhAvabharyuM vartana rAkhavuM joIe nahi. mUSaka vAhanano bIjo artha dukha ane duvRttinuM damana evo thAya che. je vyakti netA bane teNe niraMtara lokakalyANa karatA rahIne lokonA nirutsAha ane vidgone dUra karIne temane prasanna ane sukhI banAvavA joIe, te bhAva temanA vidhvanAzananA guNathI sUcita thAya che. zrI gaNapati gajamukha che. "gaja' no artha thAya che ATha. je ATha dizA tarapha mukha rAkhe te "gajamukha che. A guNa pratyeka netA athavA rAjAmAM hovA jarUrI che. gaNeza sarvajJa hovAne kAraNe ATha prahara ane AThe dizAnI khabara rAkhe che. netAe paNa pratyeka sthaLanI paristhitithI, satata jAgRta ane satarka rahevuM jarUrI hoya che. Ama, gaNapati eka Adarza lokanAyakanA guNa dharAve che. gaNapatinuM saguNa-nirguNa svarUpa : gaNapatinuM saguNa-nirguNa baMne svarUpamAM varNana maLe che. Ama to sat citarUpa parabrahma, AnaMdasvarUpa parabrahma e ja gaNeza che, e mAnyatA pracalita che. gaNezottaratApinthapaniSadamAM emanA nirguNa svarUpanuM varNana ApatAM kahyuM che, 2010_03.

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zrI gaNezanuM AdhyAtmika svarUpa sa nirguNaH sa niraMhakAraH sa nirvikaH sa nirAkAra AnaMdamayaH tejorUpaM anirvAcyamaprameyaH purAtano gaNezaH nigadyate / arthAt ene koI rUpa nathI, nAma nathI, ane guNa nathI te nirguNa, niraMhakAra, nirvikalpa, nirvikAra, nirAkAra, AnaMdarUpa, tejorUpa, anivarNanIya ane aprameya kAlAtIta gaNeza che. e rIte ekAra, OMkArarUpa parabrahma paNa te ja gaNeza che nirguNa upAsanAmAM jJAna sAdhana che tethI mokSa sAdhya che. A sAdhanarUpa jJAna ane sAdhyarUpa mokSa baMnenA svAmI zrI gaNeza che. jJAnarthavAcako gazca Nazra nirvANavAcakaH / tayorIzaM paraM brahma gaNeza praNamAmyaham / paramAtmA gaNeza saguNarUpamAM paNa pragaTa thayA che. daityono saMhAra karavA mATe ke vividha prayojano mATe temaNe avatAra dhAraNa karyAM che. 9 vizvanI AdhArazakti-arthAt prANa-gaNeza che. A AdhArazakti vastubhedathI asaMkhya ane vividha che. tethI gaNapatinAM paNa vividha svarUpo varNavAmAM AvyA che. tenAM nAma, rUpa, varNa, vastra, Ayudha ane vAhanono nirdeza zrI tattvanidhi' nAmanA graMthamAM Apyo che. te anusAra zrI gaNezanAM bAlagaNapati, zaktigaNapati, siddhagaNapati, lakSmIgaNapati, saMkaSTaharagaNapati vagere nAma ApavAmAM AvyA che. gaNapatinA mULa svarUpane jANIne emanA saguNa svarUpanI upAsanA karavI joIe. gaNapatinA saguNa svarUpanAM emanA astra-zastra, aMgarAga, vastro, dekhAva vagerenAM anekavidha varNano maLe che. upAsya gaNezanI mUrtinA alaga alaga prakAra hoya che. eno arcanavidhi paNa alaga hoya che. dvibhujathI mAMDIne agaNita hAthavALI tathA ekamukha gaNapatithI mAMDIne dazamukha gaNapatinI mUrtio hoya che. mUSakanI sAthe siMhamayUranAM vAhano paNa pUjAya che. vizeSa vastuthI pUjAvAne kAraNe paNa gaNapatinAM vividha svarUpo manAyAM che.jema ke haridrAragaNeza, dUrvA gaNeza, zamI gaNeza, somagaNeza vagere. kAmyakarma anusAra saMtAna gaNeza, vidyAgaNeza vagere nAmo paNa pracalita che. zrI gaNezajInA aneka avatAra hovA chatAM, temanA ATha avatAra vadhAre prasiddha che : 1. vakratuNDa : temanuM vAhana siMha che tathA te mastyAsurano nAza kare che. 2. ekadanta : te mUSakavAhana ane madAsUrano nAza karanAra che. 3. mahodara : te mUSakavAhana, jJAnadAtA tathA mohAsurano nAza karanAra che. 4. gajAnana : te mUSakhavAhana, sAMkhyavAdIone siddhi ApanArA tathA lobhAsurane haNe che. 2010_03

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vividhA 5. lambodara : te mUSakavAhana ane krodhAsurano nAza karanAra che. 6. vikaTa : te mayUravAhana tathA kAmAsurane haNanAra che. 7. vighnarAja : temanuM vAhana zeSanAga che tathA te mayAsuranA prahartA che. 8. dhUmravarNa : te mUSakavAhana ane ahaMtAsurano nAza kare che. ahIM sUcita asUro te manuSyanA manamAM rahelI matsara, mada, moha, lobha, krodha, kAma, mamatA tathA ahaMtAnI vRttio ja che. A aMdaranA zatruono nAza karIne gaNeza bhagavAna sAdhanAne nirvina banAvIne pUrNa brahmanI prApti karAve che. gaNezanAM aneka vrata che. (enI vidhi vistArabharyo ahIM ApI nathI) e varadacaturthIvrata, ekavIsa divasanuM gaNapatinuM vrata, gaNezapArthivapUjanavrata, gaNezacaturthIvrata, tilAcaturthIvrata, saMkaSTahara caturthI vrata, vanAyakI caturthIvrata vagere vrata vadhAre prasiddha che. karmamArgIo gaNezayAtrA paNa kare che. gaNezamaMtronuM vyavasthita pUjanahavana vagere paNa kare che. ekAkSarathI mAMDIne aneka akSarovALA gaNapatinA maMtro paNa jape che. siddhivinAyaka, satyavinAyaka vagere tAMtrika upAsanAo paNa pracalita che. Ama gaNapatinI saguNa upAsanA bhAratamAM ja nahi videzomAM paNa pracalita che. vizvanA vividha dezomAM gaNapatinI aneka prakAranI pratimAo jovA maLe che. gANapatisaMpradAyanA mukhya cha prakAra che : mahAgaNapati, haridrAgaNapati, ucchiSaTagaNapati, navanItagaNapati, svarNagaNapati ane saMtAnagaNapati saMpradAya. vividha purANo ane graMthomAM gaNapatinA vividha avatAro tathA lIlAonAM suMdara varNano paNa karAyelAM che. zrI gaNeza ziva-pArvatInA putra manAya che. temanA janma vizenI kathA pracalita che. jo ke vibhinna purANo anusAra temAM thoDo taphAvata che. jenI carcA laMbANabhaye ahIM zakya nathI. gaNapatinA mukhya avatAro vakratuNDa, ekadanta, mahodara, gajAnana, laMbodara, vikaTa, vighnarAja, dhUmravarNa, dhamaketu, mahotkaTa-vinAyaka tathA mayUrezvara gaNAya che. vedakAlIna samayathI gaNezanuM pUjana-arcana thatuM AvyuM che. gaNapatinI pUjA kevaLa bhAratanA vividha prAMtomAM ja pracalita nathI paraMtu cIna, jApAna, turkastAna, tibeTa vagere dezomAM paNa pracalita che ane e dezomaMthI tenA saMdarbho paNa maLe che. Ama gaNapati e saunA ArAdhya deva che. pratyeka zubha kAryamAM emanI AziSa maLe e ja prArthanA saha astu. 2010_03

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sarvadharma-samanvaya : pU. vinobAjInA vicAronA saMdarbhamAM pU. vinobAjI svabhAvathI ja samanvayavAdI che. temanA vicAra, temanI daSTi, temanuM kArya, temanI preraNA saMkSepamAM temanuM samagra jIvana samanvayaprerita che, sarvamAM saMvAditA sAdhanAruM che. Ihaloka ane paraloka; vicAra ane AcAra; jJAna, bhakti ane karma; sAdhanA ane sevA; vyakti ane samAja Adi sarva kSetromAM tathAkathita bheda ane virodhanuM nirasana karavuM ane samanvaya sthApita karavo, te ja temanuM jIvanalakSya hatuM. - vijJAnanA vikAsanI sAthe sAthe Aje vizvanA dezo vaccenuM aMtara ghaTI rahyuM che, manuSyanI daSTi vizALa banatI gaI che. Aje koI dharmAnuyAyI potAne ja sarvazreSTha mAnavAnI bhUla karI zake nahi, karavI na joIe. jo ke Aje dharma saMpradAyonA rUpamAM vibhAjita thaI gayA che ane manuSyo vaccenA saMbaMdhone joDavAne badale toDavAnuM kArya karI rahyA che. tema chatAM dharmano tyAga karI devo athavA duniyAmAMthI dharmamAtranuM astitva samApta karI devuM te na to saMbhavita che ke na to icchanIya. vinobAjI mAne che ke dharmoe ApasamAM ekabIjAno virodha karavAne badale sAthe maLIne je adharma chesarvathA ahita karanAruM che teno virodha ane teno tyAga karI devo joIe. dharmanuM je zubha tattva che, UrdhIkaraNa karanAruM tattva che-dareka dharmamAM je sarva sAmAnya tattva che tenA AdhAra para mAnavadharmanuM nirmANa karavuM joIe. dharmavicAranI mImAMsAnA saMdarbhamAM joIe to gAMdhI-vinobAnA jIvanadarzanamAMthI eka navo mAnavadharma nirmita thaI rahyo che. tenI vizeSatA e che ke saMnyAsa ane karmayoga-e baMne dharmanItinuM saMmilana emAM thAya che. ahiMsAnA sAdhanathI jIvananI sarva samasyAonuM nirAkaraNa zodhavAnI preraNA A yuganI sarvotkRSTa dharmapreraNA che. * vyaktidhAraNA, lokasaMgraha ane cittazuddhi - A jIvana viSayaka buniyAdI samasyAono ukela zodhavAnuM kAma dareka dharmoe karyuM che. paraMtu A traNeno samanvaya sAdhI zakAya tevI rIte zraddhA ane vivekapUrNa rIte AcAranuM Ayojana thaI zake to ja jIvanayAtrA saphaLa banI zake. kevaLa rUDha dhArmika vicAro ane kriyAkAMDa athavA kevaLa buddhirUpa tArkika jIvanazailIthI saMgharSano ja prAdurbhAva thaI zake che. A pRSThabhUmimAM joIe to vinobAjInuM dharmadarzana kevaLa rUDhigata mAnyatAone samarthana nathI ApatuM ane te kevaLa bauddhika tattvajJAnanuM tArkika darzana paNa nathI. te eka jIvanasAdhanA che, eka vizeSa dharmavicAra che. dharma ne saMpradAya vacceno tAtvika bheda paNa temaNe batAvyo che. dhAraNAt dharma: dharmanuM pAlana karavA ja ApaNe deha dhAraNa karyo che. ane saMpradAya te to parama tattvane pAmavAnA aneka mArgomano eka mArga mAtra 2010_03

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vividhA ja che. dharmamAM "pUrNatA'no bhAva saMnihita che. pU. vinobAjInI dRSTie dharmanAM mukhya cAra caraNa che : zraddhA, prema, satya ane tyAga. AmAM je prathama caraNa zraddhAnuM che, te to Aje paNa janatAmAM eTaluM ja prabaLa che. bAkInAM traNa caraNa ke tattvono kramazaH kSaya thato gayo che. Aje dharma tenA A eka caraNa ke pagane AdhAre TakI rahyo che. tenAthI dharmakAryamAM pragati thatI nathI. kevaLa zraddhAne AdhAre manuSya TakI rahevAno prayatna to kare che, paNa tenAthI gati-pragati thaI zakatI nathI. tene mATe dharmanAM anya caraNone paNa gatizIla banAvavAM paDe. temAM sau prathama mahattva satyane ApavuM joIe. samAjane satyanA AdhAra vagara TakAvavAnuM saMbhavita ja nathI. Aje lokoe asatyane ja satya mAnI lIdhuM che. saMpatti ane bhUminI mAlikIne ja dharma mAnI lIdho che. paraMtu jamIna ane saMpattinA mAlika vyakti banI zake che, e hakIkta ja asatya che. satya e che ke saMpatti ane jamIna bhagavAnanAM che ane to pratinidhi svarUpe te samAjanI mAlikInAM che. maMdiromAM ApaNe naivedya dharAvIe chIe paraMtu bhUkhyA mAnavanI ApaNe cintA na karIe ane je bhagavAnane bhUkha nathI lAgatI tene chappana bhoga dharAvIe chIe. dharmanuM bIjuM caraNa che prema. tane dayA paNa kahI zakAya. ApaNe kyAreka dayAbhAvathI prerAIne satkArya karI laIe chIe, paNa tene ApaNa nityadharma banAvyo nathI. bajAramAM gayA ke premabhAvano lopa thaI jAya che, ekabIjAne ThagavAnuM zarU karI daIe chIe. dareka cIjanI sAthe paisAne joDI devAmAM AvyAM che. vidvAna vyaktio paNa temanAmAM jeTalI vadhAre yogyatA hoya che, teTalI vadhAre apekSAo-puraskAra mATe rAkhe che. Adarza to e che ke premano je anubhava kuTuMbamAM ApaNane thAya che, te samagra samAjamAM thavo joIe. daridranArAyaNane ApaNA kuTuMbamAM ApaNe svIkAravA joIe ane tene gharano ja eka sabhya mAnIne haka Apavo joIe. saunI sAthe premapUrNa vyavahAra karavAnuM ApaNuM kartavya che, dharma che. dharmanuM aMtima caraNa che - tyAga. tyAga vagara samAjano vikAsa thaI zakto nathI. tyAganA abhyAsathI lakSmI prApta thAya che. kheDUta jyAre potAnI pAsenA sArAmAM sArAM bIja jamInamAM vAvI de che tyAre ja ene anekagaNI phasala maLe che. bIjane e sAcavI rAkhe to dhAnanA DhagalA e meLavI zake nahi. jo te bIjane bacAvIne rAkhI mUkaze to khetaramAM anAja nahi paNa kevaLa ghAsa ja Ugaze. eka dANAnI sAme bhagavAna anekagaNuM karIne Ape che. kerInI eka ja goTalI ropavAthI eka ja nahi, aneka kerIo maLe che. tyAgathI ja lakSmI, aizvarya, zobhA ane vaibhava prApta thAya che. IzAvAsya upaniSadamAM be ja zabdomAM abhuta upadeza Apyo che. "tena 2010_03

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sarvadharma-samanvaya : pU. vinobAjInA vicAronA saMdarbhamAM 13 yona bhuMjIthAH | tyAgIne bhogavo. vinobAjIe dharmanuM viziSTa svarUpa ahIM darzAvyuM che. sAMprata samayanI AvazyakatAone pArakhIne temaNe navo mArga cIMdhyo che-alabatta A badhAM zraddhA, prema, satya, tyAga e dharmanAM ja aMgo che. ene samayanA saMdarbhamAM temaNe yogya rIte ja samajAvyAM che. - vinobAjIe vijJAna ane dharmano samanvaya ane baMnenI AvazyakatA paNa sacoTa rIte nirdezI che. sAme ghero aMdhakAra hoya to tyAM prakAza karavo te vijJAnaniSThA che. ane sAme dveSa ke vaimanasyanuM Adhikya hoya to tenI sAthe premapUrNa vyavahAra karavo te dharmaniSThA che. paraMtu jyAM sudhI mAnavasamAjamAM teno AvirbhAva nahI thaI zake, tyAM sudhI satya, ahiMsA, zraddhA vagere zraddhArUpe ja raheze, dharmarUpe te pragaTa nahi thAya. che. sArvabhauma ane sanAtana evA hindudharmanuM svarUpa pU. vinobAjIe A rIte samajAvyuM che : yA varNAzramaniSThAvAn gobhaktaH zrutimAtRkaH mUrti ca nAvajAnAti sarvadharmasamAdaraH / utprekSate punarjanma tasmAnmokSaNamIhate bhUtAkUlyaM bhajate sa vai hinduriti smRtaH // vinobA je varNAzrama vyavasthAmAM AsthA rAkhe che, gobhakta che, vedone mAtA samAna mAne che, mUrtipUjAnI avajJA karato nathI, sarva dharmo pratye samAna Adara rAkhe che, punarjanmamAM vizvAsa dharAve che ane tenAthI mukta thavAnI AkAMkSA rAkhe che, tathA prANImAtra prati anukULa vRtti (tamanA hita mATenI vRtti) rAkhe che, tene ja hindu mAnavo joIe. anyatra kahe che : hiMsayA dUyate cittaM sa vai hindurivaitIritaH // | vinobA hindu te ja kahevAya che ke jenuM citta hiMsAthI duHkhI thAya che. ahIM pU. vinobAjIe hindu zabdano je tAtparyArtha darzAvyo che, temAM vizvamAnavatAno saMketa jovA maLe che. samagra vizvanA mAnavono dharma paNa A ja hoI zake. te uparAMta sarva dharmamAM nItimUlaka je siddhAMto varNavavAmAM AvyA che, temAM paNa vismayakArI samAnatA jovA maLe che. satya, ahiMsA, asteya, aparigraha, brahmacarya, prema, maitrI vagere bhAvanAonuM pAlana eka ke bIjI rIte zrImad bhAgavad gItA, kurAna, bAIbala, dhammapada, Agamo ke zIkhadharma ane anya dharmomAM paNa anivArya 2010_03

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14 vividhA manAyuM che. samatA ane zAMti sthApavAno e ja eka mArga dharmoe batAvyo che, tyAM virodhane mATe ke anyonya karavA mATeno koI avakAza raheto ja nathI. A sarva nitika mUlyo nirapekSa ane zAzvata che. manuSyamAM samajadArIno je abhAva che, te A mUlyone ane dharmane paNa vikRtarUpe rajU kare che. vinobAjIe sarvodayanI vAta mukhyatve karI che. te kahe che ke dharma-vicArano koI saMkucita artha ApaNe na karIe ane samajavAno prayatna karIe ke sarvathI zreSTha ane sarvethI nirdoSa koI dharma hoya to te sarvodaya dharma che. jemAM sarvanA udayanI vAta che, pratyekane saMpUrNa poSaNa ane vikAsanI taka maLe, sarvanuM hita jemAM samAna rIte sAdhI zakAya che te sarvodaya dharma che. ane A ja mukhya dharma che. vinobAjI jaNAve che ke "A sarvodayanI viruddha je kAMI paNa hoya te kevaLa adharma che...A je alaga alaga dharmanAM nAma che te to nadIo che, paNa sarvodaya dharma koI nadI nathI, e to samudra che." TUMkamAM pratyeka prANInuM hita sAdhavA je samartha che, te ja vinobAjInI dRSTie sAco dharma che, ane te dharma te sarvodaya dharma che. vinobAjI gAMdhIjI tarapha AkarSAyA, tenI pAchaLa bApumAM je tattva rahyAM haze tenI preraNA to kharI ja paNa vinobAmAM potAnAmAM paNa eka samanvayAtmaka dRSTi, racanAtmaka vRtti, satya zodhaka ane jene bhagavAna mahAvIre satyAgrahita kahI che tevI manovRtti mULamAM ja hatI. A vRttinA sahaja pariNAma svarUpe vizvanA tamAma mahAna dharmonA adhyayana tarapha e vaLyA. tattvataH vizvanA sarva dharma samAna che evI emanI samajamAMthI ApaNane kurAnasAra, khristadharmasAra, gItApravacano, japujI, dhammapada, bhAgavata dharmasAra, tAo upaniSada - vagere aneka graMtho maLyAM che. jainadharmanA aneka phAMTAo hovAne kAraNe teno sarvasAmAnya sAra Apavo muzkela hato, paNa pU. vinobAjIe te ati muzkela kArya paNa "samaNasutta' nA saMpAdananI preraNA ane samaja dvArA pAra pADyuM. jagata parivartanazIla che. samayanA pravAhanI sAthe sAthe lokonAM jIvana, rUDhi, bhASA vagere badalAya che. bhUgoLa badalAya che ane khagoLa paNa badalAya che. A badhAnI vacce na badalAya tevI eka vastu che ane te che dharma. dharma eTale vastuno svabhAva. dareka padArthano sahaja guNa, arthAt kudaratanA kAnUna. e to sanAtana ja hoya. dharmanI bIjI paNa vyAkhyA che, dharma eTale kartavya, AcArasaMhitA. jIvananA mArgadarzaka siddhAMto. hajAro varSa pahelAM ahiMsA, satya, prema, saMyama, namratA jevAM jIvana mUlyonI jeTalI mahattA hatI teTalI ja Aje che ane hajAro varSa pachI paNa enI mahattA eTalI ja raheze. satya haMmezA satya ja che. prema ke karuNA bhUtakALamAM jeTalA hatAM, teTalAM ja Aje che. saMyamanI jarUra paNa rahevAnI ja. dharma Aje paNa prastuta che, 2010_03

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sarvadharma-samanvaya : pU. vinobAjInA vicAronA saMdarbhamAM 15 kAraNa ke dharma zAzvata che. dharmanA rUpa ane prakAra aneka che, tenI vyAkhyAo vividha che. upaniSadanI ukti che : "OM sat viprA: vaithi vana ' eka ja satyane jJAnIo vividharUpe varNave che. tattvaciMtako korI tattvacarcA ja nathI karatA, tene anusaratI koI jIvanacaryA paNa prabodhatA hoya che. Ama carcA ane caryA-e baMne bhUmikAe vibhinna daSTikoNa dharAvatI aneka dharmaparaMparAo vikasI che. bhAratanA arvAcIna RSi samAna zrI vinobAjIe pAramArthika ane AdhyAtmika bhUmikAmAM tathA vyavahAranA kSetramAM A dharmo vacce je bhedamUlaka vibhinnatAo jovA maLe che, tene dUra karIne, sarva dharmanA sArarUpa samanvayavAdI sarvodayadharma prabodhyo che. potAnA dehagata ane Atmagata eTale ke aMdara-bahAranA vikAro upara, cittanI rAgadveSAdi malinatAo ke kaSAyo upara vijaya meLavavo ane zraddhApUrvaka vivekanI AMkho vaDe sRSTinuM yathArtha jJAna prApta karIne jIvanamAM utAravuM te ja sAcA dharmanuM lakSaNa che. satya, ahiMsA, prema, saMyama, paropakAra, vizALa mAnavabhAva...Adi dharmanA sanAtana evA guNonI keLavaNI ane vyavahAramAM tenuM pAlana karavAnI temaNe je preraNA ApI che, te temanI sarvadharmasamanvayavAdI daSTino ja paripAka che. temaNe potAnI kaThora sAdhanA, maulika ciMtana, nIti-niSThA ane mAnavajAtitanuM satata hita vicAratA sarvadharmanA samanvaya dvArA vyakti ane samaSTinA utkarSa mATe navo ja rAha cIMdhyo che ane yuvApeDhIne uttama mArgadarzana ApyuM che. 2010_03

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16. vividhA bauddhadharma bauddhadharmanA sthApaka gautama buddhano janma lagabhaga I.sa. pU. pa63 mAM nepALamAM AvelA lumbinIvanamAM thayo hato. kapilavastunA zAkya rAjA zuddhodhana ane rANI mAyAvatInA A kumAra siddhArthano vaibhavazALI vAtAvaraNamAM uchera thayo hovA chatAM, rogI puruSa vRddha, mRta zarIra ane saMnyAsIne joyA pachI A jagatamAM sarva anitya ane kSaNabhaMgura hovAnI pratIti thatA temanA manamAM saMsAra pratye viraktino bhAva utpanna thayo. jagatanuM sAra-rahasya samajavA mATe vaibhavavilAsa tyAgIne mahAbhiniSkramaNa karyuM. AlAra kAlama ane udUka rAmapura pAse dhyAnanI keTalIka avasthAono paricaya meLavyA bAda, vizeSa, jJAnaprApti mATe dehadamana dvArA kaThora tapazcaryA karI. zarIrane aneka rIte kaSTa ApyA chatAM jJAna meLavavAnuM dhyeya siddha na thayuM, paraMtu eka satya e samajAyuM ke dharmaprApti mATe zarIra ja sAdhana che ane e AhAra upara nirbhara che. tyArabAda saMyamita AhAra-vihAra ane gahana ciMtana-manana dvArA magadhamAM uvelAmAM nerejarA nadIne kinAre 36 varSanI vaye pIpaLAnA vRkSa nIce mAra eTale ke tRSNA ane cittanI akuzaLa vRttiono kSaya karIne jJAnano sAkSAtkAra karyo. bodhiprApti pachI sAranAthamAM tathA kozala, magadha ane tenI AsapAsanA pradezomAM AyuSyanA aMta sudhI saddharmano pracAra karyo ane vizALa bhikSusaMghanI sthApanA karI. 80 varSanI vaye kusinArAmAM vaizAkhI pUname-je tithie temano janma thayo hato ane jJAnano sAkSAtkAra thayo hato te ja tithie te mahAnirvANa pAmyA. gautama buddha bhauti sukho ane svargakAmanA mATe thatA yajJa-yAgAdi kriyAkAMDa, nigraMthono tathAkathita kriyAvAda anya zramaNapaMthonI paraspara virodhI dhAraNAonuM gahana vizleSaNa karIne cAra Arya satya, Arya akhaMgika mArga, pratItya samutpAda, upAdAnaskaMdha, anAtmavAda, zUnyavAda, karmaphaLano paripAka ane nirvANa vagere siddhAMtonuM pratipAdana karyuM che. temanuM jJAnadarzana kevaLa mokSaprAptinuM dhyeya siddha karanAruM na hatuM, paraMtu te samayanI pracalita dhArmika vicAradhArAomAM krAntikArI parivartana, sAmAjika saMracanAnuM punaHnirmANa ane navA jIvanamUlyonI pratiSThA mATe preraka jIvanadaSTi ApanAruM hatuM. tatkAlIna pracalita sAmAjika, rAjakIya, sAMskRtika ane dhArmika paristhitithI prerita pratikriyArUpe bauddhadharmano AvirbhAva thayo hato. cAra Arya satya : - gautama buddha dharmarahasyanA sArarUpa 1. duHkha, 2. duHkha samudAya, 3. duHkhanirodha ane 4. duHkhanirodhagAminI pratipada e cAra Arya satyo nirdezyAM che. temanI dRSTie du:khanI pravRtti samajIne tenI nivRtti mATe prayatna karAve te ja dharma-caryA che. jevI rIte cikitsAzAstra caturvyUha che : roga, rogahetu, Arogya ane bhaiSajaya, tevI rIte 2010_03

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bauddhadharma nirvANaprApti mATe buddhe darzAvelAM A mArganAM cAra sopAno che. abhidharmakoza vyAkhyAmAM vyAdhisUtramAM tathAgatanI vaida sAthe tulanA karavAmAM AvI che ane cAra Arya satyonI vaidakanAM cAra aMgo sAthe. gautama buddhu duHkhanI anivAryatA joI zakyA hatA. temaNe kahyuM ke janma, jarA, vyAdhi, mRtyu, apriyano yoga ane priyano viyoga-e sarva duHkharUpa che. pAMca upAdAna skaMdho-rUpa, vedanA, saMjJA, saMskAra ane vijJAna je A sRSTinI utpattinA kAraNarUpa che, tenA pratyenI Asakti duHkharUpa che. pAMca upAdAnaskaMdha pratItyasamutpanna che. rAga ane bhogathI prerita samasta laukika jIvana asthira ane anAzvAsya hovAthI duHkhano anAdi pravAha mAtra che. sukha asthira che ane aMtamAM te paNa du:khamAM pariName che tethI tenI gaNanA paNa du:khamAM ja thAya che. A bhAvaka dRSTine kAraNe samasta jagata duHkhAtmaka che. A duHkhono samudaya arthAt kAraNa hoya che. duHkhanuM kAraNa kAma, bhava ane vibhava e traNa prakAranI tRSNA che. temAM paNa cha indriyojanita kAmatRSNA-rUpa, zabda, gaMdha, rasa, spaSTavya ane dharma-duHkha ane prANIonI punaH punaH utpattinA nimittarUpa che. te avidyA para AdhArita che. duHkhanirodha arthAt duHkhano nAza, duHkhanI utpattinA kAraNarUpa tRSNAno ane pratItyasamutpAdanA dareka dharmane jANIne saMpUrNatayA nirodha karavAthI duHkhano nAza thAya che. duHkhanirodhagAminI pratipada eTale duHkhanA kSaya tarapha laI janAro mArga. gautama buddha prerita A mArga madhyamamArga athavA Arya aSTAMgika mArga tarIke jANIto che. 17 deha ane AtmAnuM damana karanArI ati kaThora tapazcaryA ke ati bhoga vilAsa A baMne aMtono tyAga karIne saMyama ane sadAcArano madhyama mArga temaNe upadezyo che. bodhipAkSika dharmo : gautama buddhe du:khanirodhagAminI pratipAdanA saMdarbhamAM sADatrIsa bodhipAkSika dharmono bodha karyo che. cAra smRtiprasthAna, cAra samyakapradhAna, cAra RddhipAda, pAMca indriyo, pAMca baLa, sAta bodhi aMga ane Arya aSTAMgika mArga-e sADatrIsa bodhipAkSika dharmo che. temAMthI Arya aSTAMgika mArga bauddhadharmanI AcAra-mImAMsAnuM mahattvanuM nidarzana che. tenAM ATha aMgo che : samyaga dRSTi, samyak saMkalpa, samyaga vacana, samyak karmAnta, samyaga AjIva, samyaga vyAyAma, samyak smRti ane samyak samAdhi. sarva aMgomAM samyak daSTi pUrvagAmI bane che. tenA traNa artha che. dharmamAM zraddhA, kuzaLa ane akuzaLa karmono tema ja tenAM pariNAmono viveka ane cAra Arya satyono sAkSAtkAra. Arya zrAvaka kAyika, vAcika ane mAnasika kuzaLa dharmo-eTale ke ahiMsA, acaurya, brahmacarya, priya ane satya vANI, nirlobha ane avyApAdane tathA tenAthI viparita akuzaLa dharmo ane tenA mULarUpa lobha-dveSa-mohane samaje che tyAre te samyag dRSTivALA bane che. 2010_03

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18 vividhA samyapha saMkalpa eTale cAra Arya satyonI zraddhAne anurUpa tRSNArahitatA, adroha ane ahiMsAnA pAlana mATeno daDha nizcaya. samyapha vANI eTale asatya, cADI-cugalI vagereno tyAga karIne sarvane hitakara paNa madhura vacana bolavAM. anyane duHkha thAya tevAM kAyika, vAcika ane mAnasika akuzaLa karmono tyAga ane kuzaLa karmonuM pAlana te samyapha AjIvikA che. jIvikA mATe zastra, prANI, madha, mAMsa, viSa Adino vyApAra tathA khoTAM tolamApa, lAMcarUzvata, vaMcanA, chedana, vadha, vaMdhana, corI vagere tyAjayA che. samyapha vyAyAma eTale akuzaLa manovRttione kSINa karIne kuzaLa dharmone prApta karavA ane TakAvavA karavAmAM Avato prayatna. sAdhanAmArgamAM sAvadhAnI, apramAda ane jAgRti hovI te samyapha smRti che. kuzaLa manovRttiomAM cittanuM pratiSThita thavuM te samyapha samAdhi che. samyapha samAdhimAM cAra rUpAvacAra dhyAnano samAveza thAya che. te rUpAvacara athavA rUpasaMjJA para AdhArita dhyAna kahevAya che. prathama dhyAnamAM bhikSu kAmAdithI virata thaIne vitarka, vicAra, prIti, sukha ane cittanI ekAgratAthI yukta thaIne vihAra kare che. dvitiya ane tRtIya dhyAnamAM te kramazaH vitarka, vicAra ane prItinuM upazamana kare che. caturtha dhyAnamAM ceto vimuktinA cAra pratyaya che : sukhaduHkhano parityAga, saumanasya-daurmanasyano asta, sukhadu:kharahita upekSA ane smRtinI parizuddhi. cAra dhyAnanI prAptithI rAga, avidyA ane anuzayono kSaya karIne sAdhaka Azvavarahita bane che. tyAra bAda sAdhaka cAra brahmavihAra-maitrI, karUNA, muditA ane upekSAnI bhAvanA karIne arUpAvacara dhyAna mATe cittane tatpara kare che. rUparahita dhyAna mATenA arUpa AlaMbanone arUpAvacara Ayatana kahe che. te cAra che : AkAzAnanya, vijJAnAnajya, AkiMcanya ane naivasaMjJAnAsaMjJA Ayatana. A ATha dhyAno siddha thatAM sAdhaka nirvANano anubhava kare che. nirvANa e AtyaMtika duHkhavimuktinI avasthA che. temAM sarva saMskAronuM upazamana thAya che. anAtmavAda : gautamabuddha AtmAne nitya kUTastha mAnavAno ane zarIranI sAthe ja teno vinAza thavAnI mAnyatAno asvIkAra karyo hato. AtmA, pula, cetanA, jIva vagere zabdo dvArA nirdiSTa tatva koI svataMtra, zAzvata sattA nathI. yogya bhUmikAmAM skaMdhonA saMyogathI utpanna thatI zakti che, jene teo vijJAna, saMskAra, cittapravAha ke saMtati kahe che. pratyeka kSaNe utpanna ane vilIna thavA chatAM cittano A pravAha zarIranI A cetanAvasthAmAM ane mRtyu bAda paNa akSuNNa rahe che. A anAtmavAdanI sAthe temaNe zAzvatavAda kSaNabhaMgavAdanuM paNa pratipAdana karyuM. kSaNabhaMgavAvada : A vAda anusAra jagatanI badhI vastuo kSaNika che. buddha zAthatavAda ane 2010_03

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bauddhadharma ucchedavAda vacceno mArga svIkAryo che. koI paNa vastu zAzvata ke aparivartanIya hovAnuM temaNe svIkAryuM nathI. tevI rIte tenA AtyaMtika uccheda ke vinAzane saMbhavita mAnyo nathI. dareka vastumAM kSaNe kSaNe parivartana thatuM rahe che. jene ApaNe sthira ke nitya mAnIe chIe te lagabhaga samAna jaNAtI kSaNika vastuonI zRMkhalA che. pratItyasamutpAdanA niyamathI ekabIjA sAthe kAryakAraNabhAve joDAyelI hoya che. A prakAranA sAtatyabhAvane saMtati kahe che. zIla-samAdhi-prajJA : bauddhadarzananA mULabhUta tattvo che sarva prakAranA daSkRtyomAMthI viratI, te zIla che. sadavicAramAM cittane ekAgra karavuM te samAdhi che. sarva dvaMdvAtmaka sthitimAM ISTaaniSTa vacce samabhAva sthapAya che, tyAre sAdhaka prajJAvAna bane che. A zikSAtrayamAM sarva bauddhasAdhanAno samAveza thAya che. cAra brahmavihAra-eTale maitrI, karuNA, mudditA ane upekSAnI bhAvanAjhaMkhanA mAnavasamAjane bauddhadharme kareluM mahattvanuM pradAna che. bauddha saMpradAyo : 19 : bauddha dharma AraMbhamAM mukhya be saMpradAyo- hInayAna ane mahAyAnamAM vibhakta thayo hato. tyAra pachI tenA aneka phAMTAo paDyA. bauddhadArzanika ciMtananA cha saMpradAyo mukhya che H theravAda, vaibhASika, sautrAntika, mAdhyamika (zUnyavAda), vijJAnavAda ane bauddhanyAya. gautama buddhe pote maMtra, japa ke pratimAno svIkAra karyo na hato, paraMtu lagabhaga sAtamI sadIthI tAMtrika bauddha sAdhanAno pracAra-prasAra vadhyo hato. tenA traNa prakAra che. vajrayAna, kAlacakrayAna ane sahajayAna. rAjyAzraya pAmIne bauddhadharmano bhAratamAM aneka rIte vikAsa thayo hato. paraMtu tenI avanati mATe anya nimittonI sAthe A tAMtrika bauddhasAdhanA mukhyatve kAraNarUpa banI. lagabhaga I.sa. 12001250 mAM bhAratamAMthI bauddhadharmano lopa thayo. potAnI janmabhUmimAMthI luptaprAyaH thaI gayelA bauddhadharme bhAratanI sImA oLaMgIne zrIlaMkA, barmA, thAIlenDa, kamboDiyA, nepAla, tibeTa, cIna, jApAna vagere dezomAM adyApi paryaMta potAno prabhAva prasarAvyo che. te sAthe bhAratIya zilpa, sthApatya, citra ane vAstukalAno paricaya karAvIne aneka uttama kalAkRtio jagatane bheTa dharI che. aneka caityo-stUpa-vihAra bauddha kalAnAM utkRSTa udAharaNarUpa Aje paNa noMdhapAtra banelA che. gautama buddhanI dArzanika vicAradhArA ane dharmazAsananuM saMkalana pAlibhASAnA tripiTakanA traNa graMthomAM thayuM che. vinayapiTakamAM bhikSuo mATenA AcAravicAranA niyamonuM, suttapiTakamAM ziSyo sAthenA saMvAdarUpe ApelA dharmopadezanuM ane abhidhammapiTakamAM dArzanika siddhAMtonuM nirUpaNa thayuM che. bauddha dhArmika graMthonA anuvAdo vizvanI aneka bhASAomAM thayA che. sAhitya ane kalAnA kSetramAM A dharmanuM pradAna noMdhapAtra che. 2010_03

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20 vividhA bauddhadarzanamAM pratipAdita karmasiddhAnta Aje 2600 varSa pachI paNa bauddha dharmamAM evI to zakti che, saMjIvanI che ke sAMprata samayanA saMgharSamaya jIvananI aneka samasyAono ukela emAMthI maLI zake che. buddhanA potAnA samayamAM paNa vyakti ane samaSTinA jIvanamAM eka prakAranI ArAjakatA avyavasthA ane visaMvAditA hatAM. Izvara, mokSa ane svargaprAptinI bhramaNAmAM rAcatA, ajJAnathI prerita manuSyone karmakAMDI brAhmaNo aneka rIte khoTA mArge doratA hatA. ucca-nIcanA bhedabhAva samAjanA dUSaNarUpa hatA. AtmavAda, IzvaravAda, prArabdhavAda ema aneka prakAranA vAda ane tenA vivAdamAM aTavAtA janajIvanane buddha vAstavikatAno paricaya karAvyo ane duHkhamuktino mArga batAvyo. paNa temano mArga tatkAlIna pracalita dhArmika mAnyatAo sAthe meLa khAya tevo na hato. te samayanA pracalita AtmavAda, IzvaravAda ke prArabdhavAdanuM khaMDana karIne temaNe anAtmavAda, anizvaravAda ane kSaNabhaMgavAdanuM pratipAdana karyuM ane karmanA siddhAMtanuM mahattva samajAvyuM. buddhanA samayamAM loko sRSTinA parama tattva tarIke Izvarano svIkAra karatA hatA. e lokonA jIvananuM sAdhya ke sarva pravRttionuM kendra A IzvaraprApti-svargaprApti ke mokSa hatuM. paNa buddhanI buddhivAdI pratibhAne te mAnya na hatuM. temanI dRSTie "nibbAne parama sukham" nirvANa ja parama sukha ke parama sAdhya evuM parama tattva hatuM. rAgadveSAdithI rahita mananI sthiti ke je nirvANa che A janmamAM ja tene prApta karI zakAya che ane e ja emanuM parama sAdhyuM hatuM. nirvANa roganA abhAvanI jema zAMta avasthA che. A avasthAnI prApti mATe, amRtarUpa nirvANane prApta karavA mATe temanI daSTie te samaye pracalita IzvaravAda, niyativAda ke AtmavAda upayogI na hatA. tenA vikalpamAM carAcara sRSTinI utpatti vagere samajAvavA temaNe pAMca upAdAnaskaMdha, pratItya samutpAda ane karmanA siddhAMtanuM pratipAdana karyuM. karmavAda saMsAramImAsAmAM karmanuM prAdhAnya sarvasaMmata rIte svIkArAyuM che. vizvamAM pravartita mAnavajIvanamAM aneka prakAranI viSamatAo ane visaMgati jovA maLe che. A sarva viSamatAo ane visaMgatinuM kAraNa "karma' hovAnuM gautama buddhe vAraMvAra jaNAvyuM che. karma ja satvone hIna ke prANIta banAve che. bAvaLa vAvIne koI AmraphaLa prApta karI zake nahIM te "vAve tevuM laNe' no karmasiddhAMta saune samAna rIte lAgu paDe che. "khe vimAnata yahindu dInapAtatAya ti ' saMsArarUpI agAdha samudramAM paribhramaNa karAvanAra pratItyasamutpAda paNa karmacakra 2010_03

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bauddhadarzanamAM pratipAdita karmasiddhAnta ja che. karmathI vipAka utpanna thAya che ane tene kA2Ne punaH karma udbhave che. karma ane tenA phaLanA pArasparika saMbaMdhane lIdhe bhavacakra pharyA kare che. pratyeka prApta paristhiti ane punarjanmanuM kAraNa karma ja che. bodhiprApti pachI buddhane pUrvajanmanuM smaraNa thayuM hatuM. karmathI prerAyelAM satvone te bhinna bhinna yonimAMthI pasAra thatAM joI zakatA. kAryakAraNanA niyama anusAra kone kyAM janma maLaze tenuM jJAna temaNe prApta karyuM hatuM. temanA aneka ziSyoe pUrvajanma ane punarjanma vizenuM jJAna prApta karyuM hatuM. prANIonI vividha yonimAMthI thatI utpatti vizenA zubha mANavanA praznanA saMdarbhamAM gautama buddhe kahyuM hatuM : "karmo ja jIvonAM potAnAM che, karma ja temanI virAsata che, karma ja teno prabhava che, karma teno bandhu ane karma ja teno sahAro che.'' "masA, mALava, sattA mAyAnA '' kammayonI kammabandhu kammapaTisaraNA / ...' vizvamAM pravartita viparita paristhiti IzvakRta nahIM paNa karmakRta che. 21 karmanA prakAra : bauddha darzanamAM vividha dRSTikoNathI karmanA prakAro darzAvavAmAM AvyA che. bauddha vicArakoe paNa karma zabdano prayoga kriyAnA arthamAM ja karyo che. ahIM paNa zArIrika, vAcika ane mAnasika kriyAone karma kahevAmAM Ave che, je potAnI naitika zubhAzubha prakRti anusAra kuzaLa karma athavA akuzaLa kArya kahevAya che. bauddhadarzanamAM zArIrika, vAcika ane mAnasika e traNe prakAranI kriyAone karma kahevAmAM Ave che, paraMtu temAM cetanAne prAdhAnya ApavAmAM AvyuM che ane cetanAne ja karma kahevAmAM AvyuM che. tenuM prayojana eTaluM ja che ke cetanAne kAraNe ja A samagra kriyAo saMbhavita bane che. karma mulataH be prakAranAM che : cittakarma ane cetasika karma. tene cetanA ane cetayitvA paNa kahe che. cetanA mAnasakarma che. cetanAthI je utpanna thAya che te cetayitvA karma che. tenA be prakAra che : kAyika ane vAcika. sAmAnya rIte gautama buddhe karmonA traNa prakAra batAvyA che : kAyika, vAcika ane mAnasika, A traNamAM mAnasika karma vadhu mahattvanAM che. samutthAnanI dRSTie vicAra karavAmAM Ave to manakarma ja mukhya che. kAyika ke vAcika karma kuzaLa che ke akuzaLa te mAnasakarma dvArA nakkI thAya che. gautama buddhe karmane vastutaH cetanAmaya kahyAM che. "bhikSuo,me cetanAne karma kahyuM che. cetanApUrvaka karma karAya che zarIrathI, vANIthI, manathI...cetanApUrvaka karelAM ane saMcita karmonAM phaLonAM pratisaMvedana karyA vagara du:khano ke temano (karmano) aMta batAvato nathI. pratyekane mATe duHkhano aMta jAgRtapaNe 2010_03

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vividhA karelAM karmo kSINa thavA para ja saMbhavita che. "na A zarIra tamAruM che, na bIjAonuM, kevaLa purANuM karma che." A daSTie ahIM karma zabdano artha kriyAthI vadhu vistRta che. ahIM karma zabdamAM kriyAno uddeza ane tenA phalavipAkano artha paNa abhipreta che. kuzaLa ane akuzaLa karma : manuSya satkarma kare to tene sadgati maLe che ane asat karma kare to te durgatine prApta thAya che; ema gautama buddhe vAraMvAra kahyuM che. sad karmo ane asat karmo kuzaLa karma ane akuzaLa karmathI ullekhAya che. Asrava kuzaLa karmanuM phaLa sukha, abhyadaya ane sugati che. nirAstrava kuzaLa karmo vipAkarahita che. te duHkhanI AtyaMtika nivRttine utpanna kare che. A duHkhanivRttine ja nirvANa kahe che. nirvANa roganA abhAvanI jema zAMta avasthA che. pApakarma akuzaLa che, kAraNa temanuM phaLa aniSTa ane duHkharUpa che. majijhamanikAya' nA "sammAdiDhi sutta' mAM kuzaLa akuzaLa karmonuM vistArathI nirUpaNa thayeluM che. bhAvonI zuddhi-azuddhi para karma-prakRti nirbhara hoya che. kuzaLa ane akuzaLa karmono saMbaMdha cittanA dharmo sAthe che. lobha, dveSa ane moha e traNa akuzaLa mULa che ane alobha, aSa ane amoha te kuzaLa mULa che. tene AdhAre karmonA nIce pramANe prakAra batAvyA che. 1. kRSNa karma jeno vipAka kRSNa che. 2. zukla karma teno vipAka zukla che. 3. kRSNa-zukla karma teno vipAka kRSNa-zukla che. 4. a-kRSNa-a-zukla. teno vipAka a-kRSNa-a-zukla che. 1. kuSNakarma : koI puruSa vyApAdayukta manathI kAya-vacana-mana karma kare che. tethI tene vyApAdayukta karmano sparza thAya che, te vyApAdayukta lokamAM utpanna thAya che, ane kevaLa duHkhamaya vedanA anubhave che. 2. zuklakarma : koI puruSa vyApAdarahita cittathI kAya-vacana-mana karma kare che. tethI tene vyApAdarahita karmano sparza thAya che. tethI tenI utpatti paNa vyApAdarahita lokamAM thAya che. te kevaLa sukhamaya vedanAno anubhava kare che. 3. kRSNa-zukla karma : puruSanuM citta vyApAdayukta ane a-vyApAdayukta hoya che. te paristhitimAM te je kAya vacana mana karmo kare che tene vyApAda ane avyApAda ema baMne prakAranAM karmono sparza lAge che. tethI te sukhaduHkhamizrita vedanAno anubhava kare che. 4- a-kRSNa-a-zukla karmo : A karmono vipAka karmono kSaya kare che. 2010_03

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bauddhadarzanamAM pratipAdita karmasiddhAnta 23 kRSNa ane zukla karmonA svarUpane samajAvIne gautama buddhe jaNAvyuM che ke zubha ke azubha athavA vidanarUpa ke pIDArUpa bane tevA karmo karavAM joIe nahIM...'. je kAya-vacana-ke mana karma potAne mATe ke anyane mATe pIDAdAyAka na hoya te kuzaLa karma ke sAruM karma che, sukha ane sukhavipAkanA heturUpa che, te karma karavuM joIe." manuSya parArthe paNa "duSkarma" ke "satkarma kare to paNa tenuM phaLa tene bhogavavuM paDe che. mAtA-pitA, patnI, putra ke anya svajanonA hitArthe duSkRtyo kare, to paNa karmavipAkathI te mukta rahI zakato nathI. te saMdarbhamAM ja sAriputra dhanaMjAni brAhmaNane kahe che ke...bIjA paNa sahetuka dhArmika kArya che, jenAthI mAtA-pitAnuM poSaNa thAya che. tethI pApakarmo nahIM karIne puNyakarmanuM grahaNa karavuM joIe. 'asthi kho, dhAnaMjAni hetukA dhammikA kammantA, yehi sakkA mAtApitaro ceva posetuM, na ca pApakarma kAtuM, pujaM paTipadaM paTipavijatuM / " ' kAyika, vAcika ane mAnasika-e traNa karmomAM gautama buddha manaHkarmane vadhAre mahattva ApyuM che. karmavipAkane nizcita karavAmAM manoka" mukhya che. upAli sAthenI dharmacarcAmAM temaNe manokamanI aneka rIte mahattA samajAvI che. kukakaravattika-suta'mAM mAnasakarmanI pariNatinuM vizada Alekhana karyuM che. kukaradrata ke gauvrata karanAranuM mana satata kUtarAnuM ke gAyanuM ciMtavana kare che ane temanuM karma paNa tene ja anusare che. AvuM kaThina vrata karavAthI sugati prApta thavAnI mAnyatAne teo anusare che, paNa gautama buddhanA abhiprAya anusAra te mithyA daSTi che, ane A sAdhakonI utpatti tiryagyonimAM ja thAya che. te kahe che : "temanI be gatimAMnI eka ja gati huM kahuM chuM : te narakamAM jAya che athavA tiryaglonimAM-kukakuradratanI niraMtara sAdhanA kUtarAnA jevuM jIvana jIvavA mATe tene bAdhya kare che : "..iminAhaM sIlena vA vatena vA tapane vA brahmacariyena vA devA vA bhavissAmi devajataro vA ti, sAssa hoti micchAdichi / micchAdiTThissa kho ahaM, puNNaM, dvinnaM gatInaM aGghajataraM gati vadAmi nirayaM vA tiracchAnayoni vA / iti kho, puNNa, sampaGghajamAnaM, kukakuravataM kukakurAnaM sahabyataM upaneti, vipaGghajamAnaM nirayaM" ti // gautama buddhanI daSTie karma eka prakArano cittasaMkalpa che, jene "cetanA' zabda dvArA vyavahata karyo che. tene te vaidika siddhAntanI jema adRSTa zakti mAnatA nathI. paraMtu karmane anAdi ane avicchinna paraMparAmAM ghaTita eka ghaTanA mAtra mAne che. te anusAra svakRta karmonA phaLane bhogavanAra prANI svayaM hoya che. cetanA mAnasakarma che. kAyika-vAcika karma vagara paNa mAnasakarma abhISTa prApta karI zake che. ema paNa kahI zakAya ke karma e cetanA, cetanAkRta kAya-ceSTA ane vAdhvani che. 2010_03

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24 vividhA maitrIbhAvanA paNa eka cetanA che - temAM koI pratigrAhaka ke purAnugraha hoto nathI, to paNa tenAthI puNyAdino utpAda thAya che. maitrI-cittamAM ruci hovI te paNa mAnasakarma che. sarva vicArAtmaka prakriyAo cetanApya karma che. paNa te akriya hoya to adhika puNyadAyI bane che. jo ke maitrIbhAvanA sakriya hoya to vadhu puNyadAyI bane che. cetanA karma ane karmavipAkamAM mukhya hovA chatAM phaLaprApti mATe kAya ane vANIno Azraya levo paDe che. zatrunA prANAtipAtanI cetanA ane prANAtipAta eka ja nathI. prANAtipAta eka kriyAvizeSa che. nigraMthonI tapasyAnA saMdarbhamAM gautama buddhe potAnA vicAro rajU karyA che : nigraMtha sAdhuo ema mAne che ke sarva prakAranAM sukha-duHkha pUrvajanmanAM karmonA phaLarUpa che. tapasyA dvArA pUrvajanmanAM karmono kSaya karavAthI, navAM karmo na karavAthI bhaviSyamAM anAsrava thAya che. vipAkarahita hovAthI karmakSaya, duHkhakSaya ane vedanAno kSaya thavAthI sarva duHkho kSINa thaI jAya che. gautama buddha A vicArasaraNIno svIkAra karatA nathI. te jaNAve che ke A pramANe kaSTadAyaka tapasyA karavAthI A janmamAM akuzaLa dharmono nAza ane kuzaLa dharmanI prApti na thAya to te tapazcaryA nirarthaka che. pUrva janmanAM karma ane tenA vipAkathI ajJAta hovAne kAraNe paNa AvI tapazcaryA artharahita che. samagra jIvana ati kaSTadAyaka tapa sAdhanAmAM vyatIta karavAthI zreya sAdhI zakAtuM nathI. prajJA prAptine mATe kaThina lAgatA keTalAka sadAcAranA niyamonA pAlanane temaNe Avazyaka mAnyA che, paNa te rAgadveSa-mohAdi cittanA upaklezo, nIvaraNo, Agnavo AdinA kSaya mATe che. kaThina tapazcaryA dvArA akuzaLa dharmo kSINa thAya ane kuzaLa dharmonI prApti dvArA samyapha sukhanI anubhUti maLe tyAra bAda teNe punaH kaThina tapazcaryA karIne duHkha ke saMkaleza anubhavavAnI AvazyakatA rahetI nathI. jevI rIte luhAra bANane yogya AkAra ApavA mATe agni para tapAve che, sIdhuM kare che ane yogya AkAra apAyA bAda tene agni para tapAvavAnuM kArya aTakAvI de che, tema kuzaLa dharmonI prApti thatA, tapazcaryAnuM prayojana siddha thayA pachI kAyAne kaThina tapasyA dvArA kaSTa ApavuM, duHkha bhogavavuM nirarthaka che, anAvazyaka che. kRta ane upacita karma : karmanA bIjI daSTie be varga pADavAmAM AvyA che : kRta karma ane upacita karma. je karma karavAmAM AvyuM hoya te kRta karma che. kRta karma je phaLa Ape che te upasthita karma kahevAya che. badhAM ja kRta karmo phaLa ApatAM nathI. keTalAMka kRta karmo potAnAM phaLa avazya Ape che. A kRta karmo niyatavipAkI kahevAya che. ane keTalAMka kRta karmo 2010_03

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bauddhadarzanamAM pratipAdita karmasiddhAnta potAnAM phaLa Apaze ja evuM nakkI nathI, arthAta te aniyatavipAkI che. bauddha karmavicAraNAmAM janaka, upastaMbhaka, upapIlaka ane upaghAtaka evA cAra prakAranAM karmono paNa svIkAra thayo che, janakakarma bIjo janma grahaNa karavAnA nimittarUpa bane che. prANIonI pratyeka avasthA ke paristhitinA nirmANamAM te kAraNarUpa che. upasthaMbhaka karma anya karmonA phaLavipAkamAM sahAyarUpa bane che, te utkarSaNanI prakriyAnA sahAyaka hovAnuM kahI zakAya. upapIlaka karma anya karmonI zaktine kSINa kare che, apavartananI kriyA sAthe tene sarakhAvI zakAya. upaghAtaka karma anya karmonA vipAka aTakAvIne potAnuM phaLa Ape che. A karma-upazamananI kriyA samAna che. bauddhadarzanamAM karmaphaLanA saMkramaNanI dhAraNAno svIkAra thayo che. bauddha darzana ema mAne che ke yudhipi karmaphaLano vipraNAza (phaLa bhogavyA sivAya karmano nAza thavo) hoto nathI, to paNa karmaphaLano sAtikrama-atikramaNa thaI zake che. vipathyamAna karmonuM saMkramaNa thaI zake che, vipathyamAna karmo te che ke jene badalI zakAya che, arthAt jenuM saMkramaNa thaI zake che, jo ke tenuM phaLa anivArya rIte bhogavavuM paDe che. tene aniyata vedanIya paraMtu niyatavipAkakarma paNa kahI zakAya.bauddhadarzananA niyatavedanIya niyatavipAka karma jaina darzananI 'nikAcanA' sAthe sarakhAvI zakAya. karmonI sImA udaya, udIraNA ane upazamana A cAra avasthAonuM vivecana hindu AcAradarzanamAM paNa maLe che. tyAM karmonI saMcita, prArabdha ane kriyamANa evI traNa avasthAo mAnavAmAM AvI che. vartamAna kSaNanI pahelAM karelAM samagra karmo saMcita karma kahevAya che. tene adaSTa ane apUrva paNa kahevAya che. saMcita karmanA je bhAgano phaLabhoga zarU thAya che tane ja prArabdhakarma kahe che. A pramANe pUrvabaddha karmanA be bhAga hoya che : je bhAga potAnuM phaLa ApavAnuM zarU karI de che te prArabdha (Arabdha) karma kahevAya che. zeSa bhAga jeno phaLabhogano prAraMbha thayo nathI te anArabdha (saMcita) kahevAya che. karmavipAkaH karmavipAka durvijoya che. jayAre kALa pAke ane kAraNasAmagrI upasthita hoya che tyAre karmano vipAka thAya che. karma bIjatulya che. te potAnI jAti pramANe vahelA ke moDA, alpa yA mahAna phaLa Ape che. tRSNA ja karmane vipAkapradAnanuM sAmarthya Ape che. je tRSNArahita banI karma kare che, te karmathI lipta thato nathI, tene karmonAM phaLa bhogavavAM paDatAM nathI. manuSya satkarma kare to tene sadagati maLe che ane asat karma kare to te durgatine prApta thAya che, ema gautama buddha vAraMvAra kahyuM che, sad karmo ane asad karmo kuzaLa karmo ane akuzaLa karmathI oLakhAya che. Asrava kuzaLa karmanuM phaLa sukha, abhyadaya 2010_03

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vividhA ane sugati che. nirAsrava kuzaLa karmo vipAkarahita che. te duHkhanI AtyaMtika nivRttine utpanna kare che. A duHkha nivRttine ja nirvANa kahe che. puNya karmo paNa phaLanI AkAMkSA vagara nirapekSabhAve karavAM joIe. gItAmAM tene niSkAma karmayoga kahe che. 26 gautama buddhe karmavipAkanI durvijJeyatA darzAvIne vyavahArika jagatamAM dekhAtI keTalIka visaMgatatAonuM samAdhAna karavAno prayatna karyo che. te jaNAve che ke keTalAka durAcArI ane hiMsaka manuSyo aneka prakAranA sukhopabhogamAM rAcatA joI zakAya che, tevI rIte puNyAcArI manuSyo ati kaSTa bhogavatA hoya che. karmanA siddhAMtanI dRSTie visaMgati jaNAya che. paraMtu hakIkatamAM karmano vipAka samajavo muzkela che. hiMsaka durAcArI mANasonA pUrvakRta satkarmono udaya thayo hovAthI te sukha saMpatti prApta kare che. ane sugati pAme che. tevI rIte puNyAcArI manuSyanAM pUrvakRta duSkarmonA vipAkane kAraNe te vartamAnamAM duHkha bhogavato hoya che. purANA karmonA vipAkane pariNAme ja A sthiti sarjAya che, te visaMgati nathI. karmasiddhAMta ane punarjanma : buddha dharma nitya AtmAne mAnato na hovA chatAM karma ane punarjanmano svIkAra kare che. potAnA karmane anurUpa prANI sukhadu:kha bhogave che ane navo janma dhAraNa kare che. zubha ke azubha saMkalpa karavA mATe citta svataMtra che. ApaNe je pravRtti karIe chIe te karma kahevAya che. ane tene pariNAme je saMskAra ke vAsanA cittamAM paDe che te paNa karma kahevAya che. A vAsanArUpa karma punarjanmanA kAraNarUpa bane che. ApaNe je kuzaLa ke akuzaLa kAyika-vAcika-mAnasika karmo karIe chIe te sarvanuM udgama ApaNuM mana che. dveSayukta ke rAgayukta karmo karatAM ApaNA manobhAvo paNa rAga-dveSayukta bane che. manobhAvonI A paraMparA zaizavathI mRtyu paryaMta cAle che. gautama buddha jaNAve che ke A paraMparA janma pahelA paNa hatI ane mRtyu bAda paNa rahe che. mRtyuthI eno upaccheda thato nathI. mRtyu kevaLa e kSaNane sUcita kare che, jyAre navIna paristhitimAM navIna karmasamUhano vipAka thAya che. jyAM sudhI tRSNAnA kSayathI A cittapravAha ke citta-saMtati vizRMkhalita thaIne nirvANane prApta karatI nathI, tyAM sudhI A krama cAlu rahe che. punarjanma kono thAya che te aMgenA sAtikevagtra bhikSunA saMdehanuM samAdhAna karatA tathAgate samajAvyuM hatuM ke vijJAna pratItyasamutpanna che. vartamAna bhavanuM aMtima vijJAna vilIna thAya che ane dvitIya janmanuM AgaLanA janmanuM prathama vijJAna utpanna thAya che. tethI na to te ja sattvanuM astitva rahe che na to anya jIva utpanna thAya che. milindapraznamAM nAgasena kahe che ke vyakti zaizavamAMthI vRddhi pAmIne vRddhatva meLave che. A baMne avasthAomAM vyakti eka ja hovA chatAM eka nathI; avasthAbhedane 2010_03

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bauddhadarzanamAM pratipAdita karmasiddhAnta 27 kAraNe tene ekabIjAthI bhinna ke abhinna karI zakatA nathI. tevI rIte punarjanma lenAra vyakti pUrva janmathI ja bhinna che, na abhinna (na ca so na ca Apyo). karmonA nibaMdha pravAhathI eka utpanna thAya che ane bIjo nirodha pAme che. A utpAda ane nirodha yugavata pratIta thAya che. te nAma-rUpa dvArA kuzaLa-akuzaLa karma kare che ane karmo dvArA eka anya nAma rUpa utpanna thAya che. te ja sasaMraNa kare che, ane anya karmonA niHzeSa thaI javAthI A saMsaraNa samApta thAya che. koI vastunA astitvanI paraMparAmAM eka eka avasthA utpanna thAya che ane teno laya thAya che : A pramANe pravAha niraMtara vaheto rahe che. e rIte karmano pravAha paNa satata vaheto rahe che. pratikSaNamAM karmo nAza pAmatAM jAya che, paraMtu tenI vAsanA AgalI kSaNamAM anusmRta rUpathI pravAhita rahe che, tethI anAtmavAda mAnatA hovA chatAM buddha punarjanmano svIkAra karyo che. pratyeka anuvartI skaMdha potAnA pUrvavartI skaMdha para Azrita che. manaSya atyAre jevo che tenI saMpUrNa javAbadArI tenI potAnI che, koI Izvara ke niyatinI nahi. IzvaravAda, niyativAda ane AtmAvAdanuM khaMDana : gautama buddhanI dRSTie brAhmaNo dvArA sthApita IzvaravAda aMdhaNI paraMparA jevo che. eka ja paMktimAM haroLamAM anyonyanA AzrayathI sthita aMdhajano svayaM kazuM joI zakatA nathI. tevI ja rIte IzvaravAdI paNa adaSTa Izvarano sAkSAtkAra karyA vagara ja teno svIkAra kare che ane tenuM svarUpavarNana paNa karI zakatA nathI. A pramANe IzvaranuM astitva pramANita thaI zakatuM nathI. te uparAMta sarva paristhiti ane saMjogone Izvara athavA bhAgyanirmita mAnavAthI manuSya akarmaNya banI jAya ane sakarmo pratyenI tenI zraddhA kSINa thaI jAya ane te sAthe asadu ane pApa kRtyo dvArA paNa te sukha-saMpatti prApta karavA prerAze. tethI hiMsA, corI, mRSAvAdi Adi aneka duSkRtyo paNa Izvaraprerita hovAnI saMbhAvanA daDha banI jaze. paraMtu IzvaranA vize ApaNI je saMkalpanA che, tenI sAthe A susaMgata nathI. gautama buddhe jaNAvyuM ke sukha duHkhAdi sarvathA IzvarakRta ke bhAgyAdhIna nathI. sarva prANIo athavA sattva vivaza, nirbaLa ke sAmarthyarahita athavA avaza banIne nahi paNa potAnA karmAnusAra, janmajanmAMtaranI zRMkhalAmAM baMdhAya che ane sukhaduHkha bhogave che. tevI ja rIte temaNe AtmAnA saMdarbhamAM zAzvatavAda ane ucchedavAda-e baMne mAnyatAono asvIkAra karyo hato. bauddhadharmamAM AtmAnA viSayamAM je pracalita mAnyatA che, teno pratiSedha karavAmAM Avyo che. satvanI upalabdhi pAMca vijJAnakAya ane manovijJAna dvArA svIkRta karavAmAM AvI che. bauddhadharmamAM tene citta, cittano pravAha, vijJAna ke saMtatinA nAmathI prastuta karavAmAM Ave che, ane te pratItyasamutpanna che. citta ja parama tattva che ane skaMdhonA suyojita saMyojanathI tenI utpatti thAya che. 2010_03

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vividhA bAhya rUponI jema te paNa pratikSaNa utpanna ane vilIna thAya che. cittanAM pratikSaNa utpanna ane vilIna thavAnI sAthe cittano pravAha zarIranI cetanAvasthAmAM ane mRtyu bAda paNa pravAhita rahe che. jyAM sudhI tRSNAno saMpUrNa nirodha thato nathI tyAM sudhI cittano pravAha akSuNNarUpe vaheto rahe che. arthAt janma punarjanmanI paraMparA cAlu rahe che. punarjanmanI ghaTanAne pratisaMdhi paNa kahe che. 28 pratItyasamutpAda : tethI A bhavacakranI paraMparAne temaNe pratItyasamutpAdanA bAra aMgo ke nidAnathI samajAvI. kArya kAraNanI zRMkhalA ja jIvana ane tenI ghaTanAo mATe nimitta hovAnuM jaNAvyuM ane e zRMkhalA mAnavasarjita hovAnI paNa temaNe spaSTatA karI. pratItyasamutpAda eTale A hovAthI A bane, kAraNathI ja kArya ghaTe che. tenA bAra nidAna : avidyA, saMskAra, vijJAna, nAmarUpa, SaDAyatana, sparza, vedanA, tRSNA, upAdAna, bhava, jAti, jarAmaNa zoka, parivedanA che. A hovAthI A bane che, kAraNathI kArya saMbhave che, avidyA ane tRSNA ja sarva karmaparaMparA ane janma paraMparAnA mULamAM che. asmin sati idaM bhavita - e saMdarbhamAM temaNe karmanA siddhAMtane samajAvyo. Ama sRSTinA sarjana ane paraMparAnuM niyAmaka baLa A kAryakAraNano siddhAMta hovAnuM nirdezIne gautama buddhe mAnavajIvanamAM ghaTatI ghaTanAone samajAvavA mATe karmasiddhAMtanuM pratipAdana karyuM. buddha mATe mAnavI ane sRSTinuM sarjana koNe karyuM e praznanuM nahi paNa nirvANanA dhyeyane puruSArthathI, karmayogathI pAmavA mATe vizuddha jIvananI prApti kevI rIte thAya e praznanuM mahattva hatuM. A anusAra sarvocca Izvara sarjaka hovAnI paraMparAgata mAnyatA tathA vizvanI vastuono vikAsa tenI svataMtra AMtarika zaktine kAraNe thAya che, evI bhautikavAdIonI svabhAvavAdI mAnyatAonuM khaMDana karIne badhuM pratItya samutpanna hovAnuM jaNAvIne 'karma ja lokavaicitryam" karmane kAraNe saMsAramAM vividhatA che H Izvarane kAraNe nahi - tema spaSTa karyuM. anyathA punarjanma hoya ke na hoya to paNa sAmAjika dRSTie paNa karmanA siddhAntanuM mahattva che. vyaktinuM sadAcArI hovu te, vyakti ane samaSTi baMne mATenI salAmatI, suvyavasthA ane saMvAditA mATe jarUrI che. zrImad bhagavata gItAno niSkAma karmayoga ane bauddhadharmamAM nirAsrava kuzaLa karma :manuSyane karma to karavuM ja paDe che, karma vagara te rahI zakato nathI. yujurvedamAM kahevAyuM che ke vaMnnave maLi khikhiveSat zataM samAH / manuSya zatAyu bhagave, paNa te karma karatAM karatAM ja. zarIranI kriyAhInatA manuSyane lAcAra ke vivaza banAvI de che. eTale karma to anivArya ja che. tethI ja bauddhadharmamAM jene nirAsrava kuzaLa karma kahe 2010_03

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bauddhadarzanamAM pratipAdita karmasiddhAnta 29 che athavA to zrImad bhagavadgItAmAM je niSkAma karmayoganI vAta che te bhItaranI zAnti mATe vicAraNIya che. vaidika vicAradhArAno jIvanaprati tyAgapUrvaka bhogano dRSTikoNa che. tene tya%ne muMnathIsukha-samRddhino upabhoga ane upayoga karavAmAM Ave paNa nirlipta thaIne, niSkAmabhAvathI. zrImad bhagavadagItAmAM A niSkAma karmayogano, phaLanI AkAMkSA rAkhyA vagara karma karavAno dharmabodha ApavAmAM Avyo che. temAM aneka rIte mahattva che. karmaphaLano tyAga karIne karma karavAthI karmabaMdhana thatuM nathI. karmaNyevAdhikAraste mA phaleSu kdaacn..| 2/147 yogasthaH kuru karmANi saMgaM tyaktvA dhanaMjayaH // 2/148 ... ane vihAra mAnuM sarva kAmanAone tyAgIne, nirmama (mamatvarahita), ane nirahaMkAra:- je kArya kare che te sAtti madhachati zAMti prApta kare che. bauddhadharmamAM A zAMtine arthAt mananI zAMta-nispada sthiti jene nirvANa kahe che tenuM ja mahattva che, te ja jIvananuM lakSya che. A lakSya siddha karavA gautama buddha paNa karmaphaLanI Asakti vagara nirlepabhAve karma karavAno upadeza vAraMvAra Apyo che. gautama buddha jaNAve che ke Arya bhikSu indriya dvArA vizeya viSayanI anityatA ane vikAratvane sArI rIte prajJAthI jANIne indriyone saMyamamAM rAkhe che. te indriya dvArA priya viSayane prApta karIne sukhane AvakArato nathI ane apriya viSayane prApta karIne dveSayukta thaIne tenAthI kalAnta banato nathI. te AMkhathI rUpane nihALIne, zrotrathI zabda sAMbhaLIne, ghANathI gaMdha pArakhIne jivAthI rasano AsvAda laIne, kAyAthI sparzanuM ane manathI dharmanuM grahaNa karIne tenA nimitta anuvyaMjananuM upAdAna karato nathI, tethI rAga-dveSAdi akuzaLa dharmo utpanna thatA nathI. bhikSu sarva indriyone surakSita ane smRtine jAgRta rAkhe che. A pramANe indriya-saMvarathI yukta thaIne nirmaLa sukhano anubhava kare che. tevI ja rIte bhikSu atItakALanuM smaraNa karIne temAM Asakta thato nathI, tenuM anugamana karato nathI ane anAgatanA rUpAdimAM ane vartamAnamAM pratyutpanna dharmomAM paNa Asakta thaIne upAdAna karato nathI. pUrvAnta ane parAnta daSTinuM khaMDana karIne atIta ane anAgata jIvana pratye anAsakta rahIne vartamAnamAM kuzaLa dharmanI prApti mATe satata udyoga karavAno kalyANakArI bodha temaNe Apyo che. AtmavAdane kAraNe punarjanma pratye paNa rAga utpanna thAya che ane aneka prakAranI tRSNAo ane apekSAothI prerAIne karma-kriyAkAMDa-vidhi-vidhAna vagere kare che. tethI sAriputrae anAthipiMDikanA mRtyu samaye "paraloka mATe paNa tenuM citta Asakta na thAya te mATe sAvadhAna rahevA jaNAvyuM hatuM. bhikSue paralokanuM paNa upAdAna karavuM joIe nahi. je 2010_03

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vividhA kAMi daSTa che, zruta, smRta, vijJAna, prApta, paryeSita, anuparyeSita che, mana dvArA anucarita che tenuM paNa upAdAna na karavuM, citta Asakta na karavuM tevA anAsaktiyogano upadeza sAriputrae anAthapiMDikane Apyo hato. 30 tRSNA ane tRSNAmAMthI udbhavatA upAdAna (viSayanuM grahaNa)no nAza thAya eTale punarjanma ane punarjanma sAthe joDAyelAM jarA-maraNa vagere duHkho zamI jAya. A duHkharahita sthiti-saMskAronuM jemAM niHzeSa upazamana thayuM che, te zAMta sthiti te nirvANa. nirvANa eTale bujhAI javuM. manuSyanA hRdayamAM huMpaNuM, mithyAbhimAna ane rAga-dveSa vagere je je vRttio saLage che tenuM bujhAI javuM. A rIte rAgadveSarahita cittanI je zAnta sthiti-ucca cetanA (saccidAnaMda svarUpa)nI parama zAnti ane 52ma zuddha sukha ke AnaMdanI anubhUti te nirvANa. A nirvANanI sthiti ane zrImad bhagavad gItAnI sthitaprajJAvasthA e lagabhaga sarakhI AdhyAtmika anubhUtinI ucca sthiti che. A rIte bhagavAna buddhanuM nirvANapada tathA bhagavad gItAnI sthitaprajJanI brAhmI sthiti e bhAratIya darzananuM ucca AdhyAtmika zikhara che, je niSkAma karmayoga ke nirAsrava karmanI sAdhanAthI siddha karI zakAya che. 2010_03

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bauddhadharmamAM parama tattvanI vibhAvanA bauddhadharmamAM parama tattvanI vibhAvanA buddhanA vyaktitvamAM ApaNuM dhyAna kheMce evI je eka vastu che te che temanuM nakhazikha buddhivAdIpaNuM. amuka vAta paraMparAthI cAlI Ave che mATe sAcI che ema kahevuM emane gamatuM nahi. teo haMmezAM potAnI mAnyatAone buddhinA majabUta pAyA upara ja mAMDatA. kahevAya che ke temaNe ekavAra kAlAmone jaNAvyuM hatuM ke, "he kAlAmo ! meM A tamane kahyuM, paraMtu tame teno svIkAra te kevaLa anuzruta che mATe na karazo, kevaLa paraMparAgata che mATe na karazo, kevaLa bhUtakALamAM AvI ja vAta kahevAI che mATe na karazo, kevaLa tamArA dharmagraMtha piTakane anukULa che mATe na ka2zo, kevaLa tarkane mATe na karazo, kevaLa nayane mATe na karazo, kevaLa vitarkane mATe na karazo, kevaLa mithyAdRSTi pratye aNagamo dAkhavavA na karazo, kevaLa tamane anukULa che mATe na karazo, kevaLa teno kahenAro zramaNa tamAro pUjya che mATe na karazo, kintu jo tame tene kalyANakara ane nirdoSa samajatA ho ane tene grahaNa karavAthI kalyANa ane kuzala thaze ema tamane kharekhara khAtarI hoya to ja tame tene svIkArajo. 31 buddhe potAnA anuyAyIone paNa dRDhapaNe kahyuM hatuM ke, "DAhyA mANaso sonAne kApI, tapAvI, ghasI tenI parIkSA karIne ja tene grahaNa kare che. tevI ja rIte he bhikSuo ! tame mArAM vacanone parIkSA karyA pachI ja svIkArajo; mArA taraphanA Adarane kAraNe ja mArAM vacanone svIkArazo nahi." bauddhadharmamAM paramatattvanI jema jene prApta karavAnuM che te nirvANamAM pratItyasamutpAda-nirdezita avidyAthI prerita janma maraNanI paraMparAno azeSa nirodha thAya che. vidyAthI-prajJaptithI kleza kSINa thAya che, e rIte saMsAra-cakrano nirodha thAya che. nirvANa e Atyantika duHkhavimuktinI avasthA che. Arya aSTAMgika mArgane nirvANane amRtanI tarapha laI janAro mArga kahyo che. cAra smRtiprasthAnonI bhAvanAthI tenI prApti thAya che. nirvANamAM niHzeSa saMskAronuM upazamana thAya che tethI tene zAnta athavA zAntipada paNa kahe che. temAM koI paNa vastunI pRthaga sattA rahetI nathI. tenI koI paribhASA nathI. 'nAviSNu parivaMta mahetum / ' te gaMbhIra, durboddha, zAMta, uttama ane tarkarahita avasthA che. tenI utpatti ke nAza nathI. rAga-dveSa zokathI te para che. jJAnIo dvArA potAnI bhItaramAM anubhava karavAnI avasthA che, te svayaMsevaka che. Arya aSTAMgika mArganI sAdhanAthI sarva prakAranA klezomAMthI nivRtti meLavavI te nirvANa che. saMsAranA koI nimitto tene du:kha ApI zakatA nathI, ane saMsAranA AvAgamananA kramamAM baddha karatA nathI. 2010_03

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32 vividhA nirvANa klezAbhAvarUpa che. tRSNAnA kSayane paNa nirvANa kahevAmAM Ave che. klezanA AvaraNano sarvathA nAza thAya che tyAre nirvANano anubhava thAya che. gautama buddha nirvANane 'parama sukha kahe che. "nibbA para suram | dhAtu vibhaMgasuttamAM buddhe kahyuM che : ""bhikSu, e ja parama Arya satya che, je A avinAzI nirvANa-je A rAga dveSa mohanuM upazAnta thavuM." "eso hi bhikkhu, paramo ariyo upasamo yadidaM-rAgadosamohAnaM upasamo" AtmavAda ane anAtmavAda : gautama buddhanA samayamAM AtmavAda vize vividha maMtavyo pravartatA hatA. keTalAka zramaNa-brAhmaNonI-evI mAnyatA hatI ke zarIranI aMdara ane zarIranI bahAra eka nitya cetanazakti che, jenA pravezathI zarIramAM uSNatA Ave keane vartana ke kriyA buddhiprerita ke jJAnaprerita hovAnuM jaNAya che. jyAre te dehatyAga karIne karmAnusAra zarIrAttaramAMthI cAlI jAya che tyAre zarIra zItaLa ane niSkriya bane che. A nitya cetanazaktine teo AtmA kahetA hatA. anya keTalAka AcAryo zarIrathI pRthapha AtmAnA astitvane svIkAratA na hatA. zarIramAM bhinna bhinna parimANomAM mizrita rasone kAraNe uSNatA ane gati utpanna thAya che. A prakAre AtmA zarIrathI bhinna nathI. AtmA vizenA bauddhika vAdavivAdothI vipathagAmI lokone upadeza ApatA gautama buddha A samagra jagata anitya, bhayAvaha ane du:khakAraka hovAnuM jaNAvIne temAM anAtmadaSTi rAkhavAno bodha Apyo hato. temaNe AtmAne nitya kUTastha mAnavAno temaja zarIranI sAthe ja teno vinAza thavAnI mAnyatAno paNa asvIkAra karyo. temanA mate AtmA koI nitya kUTastha vastu nathI paraMtu yogya bhUmikAmAM kaMdhonA saMyogathI utpanna thatI eka zakti che, je anya bAhya rUpothI mAphaka kSaNa kSaNa utpanna ane vilIna thAya che. cittanA kSaNe kSaNamAM utpanna ane vilIna thavA chatAM paNa cittano pravAha zarIranI cetanAvasthAmAM ane mRtyubAda paNa cAlu rahe che. satkAyadaSTi : buddhamatamAM AtmA, pudagala, cetanA, vijJAna, jIva, sattA vagere zabdo dvArA nirdiSTa tattva koI svataMtra sattA nathI, paraspara saMbaMddha ane dharmonuM eka sAmAnya nAmakaraNa che, gautama buddha tene satkAya tarIke paNa oLakhAve che. ' "majhimanikAya'mAM satkAya, satkAyadRSTi, satkAyanirodha ane satkAyanirodhagAmintamArga vize upAsaka vizAkha ane dhammadinta bhikSuNI vaccenA dharmasaMvAda dvArA saMkSepamAM paNa spaSTa paricaya maLe che. 2010_03

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bauddhadharmamAM parama tattvanI vibhAvanA 33 pAMca upAdAnaskaMdho-rUpa, vedanA, saMjJA, saMskAra ane vijJAnane satkAya kahe pa ca kho ime...upAdAnaskandhA takkAyo cutto bhagavanA...sapupAdAnaskandho, vedanupAdAnaskandho, sa upAdAnaskandho, saDakhArupAdAnaskandho, viNupAdAnaskandho...ime khare..pa cupAdAnaskandho sakkAyo tutto bhagavatA / carAcara jagatanuM upAdAnakAraNa rUpa...vagere vedanA, saMjJA, saMskAra ane vijJAna- e pAMca skaMdhomaM vaheMcAyeluM che. tene nAmarUpa paNa kahe che. temAM vedanA, saMjJA ane saMskAra-vijJAnanI ja avasthA vizeSa hovAthI tane rUpa ane vijJAna ema be skaMdhomAM vibhakta karI zakAya che. vijJAnane ja nAma kahevAmAM Ave che. A pAMca skaMdha vize jyAre vyaktine anulakSIne vicAravAmAM Ave che tyAre tene upAdAnaadha kahe che. skaMdhathI para jIva ke cetana koI padArtha nathI. "pAMca upAdAna skaMdhathI banelI A kAyAmAM sattA (sat kAya) AtmAnta hoya che te mithyA jJAna che. satkAya-samudayaH sukha saMbaMdha icchAthI saMyukta pratyeka viSayonA upabhoganuM abhinaMdana karanAra, AvAgamananI je tRSNA che - kAma, bhava ane vibhavatRSNA. tene satkAyasamudAya eTale ke AtmabhAvanuM kAraNa kahe che. satkAyanirodha : tRSNAno saMpUrNatayA vinAza, virAga, tyAga, mukti te che satkAyanirodha. satkAyanirodhagAminI pratipada - Arya aSTAMgika mArga te satkAyanirodhagAminI pratipada che. te AtmAnA khyAlano nAza kare che. vedanA, saMjJA, saMskAra ane vijJAna-A cAra arUpI skaMdha che. ane rUpa rUpI skaMdha che. jyAre ApaNe "puruSa' che ema kahIe chIe tyAre A skaMdhonA samUhanI ja vAta karIe chIe. sUkSma bhedo vyakta karavA jIva-jaMtu, pazu-pakSI, manuSya Adi saMjJAo ApavAmAM AvI che. bauddha dharmamAM AtmAno pratiSedha karavAmAM Ave che. satvanI upalabdhi paMcavijJAna-kAya ane manovijJAna dvArA svIkArI che. temanI dRSTimAM pudgala eka vastu sat che, eka dravya che - paraMtu skaMdho sAtheno teno saMbaMdha anivArya che. A pramANe te nitya che ane na to anitya che. jene sAmAnya rIte AtmA tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che tene bauddha dharmamAM citta, cittano pravAha, citta-ke vijJAna kahevAmAM Ave che, te pratItya samutpanna che. sAmAnya rIte ema mAnavAmAM Ave che ke AtmA zAzvata, aparivartanIya akSaNa, parizuddha ane cittathI para che. gautama buddha cittathI para evA koI Atmatattvane svIkAratA nathI. temanI daSTie citta ja parama tattva che. cittathI para koI tattva nathI. 2010_03

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vividhA citta ja AtmA che. te svabhAvathI parizuddha ane prakAzamaya che. tenA paranA milana AvaraNono lopa karIne tene zuddha svarUpamAM pratiSThita ka2vA mATe gautama buddhe vAraMvAra upadeza Apyo che. 34 sarva jagata pratItyasamutpanna hovAthI temAM AtmabhAva rAkhI zakAya nahi, tevI rIte indriyomAM paNa AtmabhAva rAkhavo yogya nathI. je zramaNo-brAhmaNo A indriyomAM 'A mAruM che,''A huM chuM,''A mAro atmA che' evo AtmabhAva rAkhe che e AtmavAdanI utpattinA heturUpa-kAraNarUpa bane che. te satkAyasamudaya tarapha laI janArI pratipadA che. tene pariNAme sarva prakAranA anuzayo ane duHkhA utpanna thAya che. AtmAne nitya mAnavAthI, AtmAno svIkAra karavAthI amuka vastuo AtmIya hovAno bhAva jAMge che. paraMtu tene gautama buddhe 'bAla-dharma' kahyo che. 'vevato paripUro vAtadhammo !' kAraNa rUpAdi anitya ane vipariNamI hovAthI duHkharUpa che. tethI Arya zrAvake 'te mAruM che,''te huM chuM','te mAro AtmA che' - evo bhAsa rAkhavo joIe nahi. te darekamAM nirveda rAkhe che ane rAgarahita bane che, rAga naSTa thavAthI te vimukta bane che. zramaNa-brAhmaNomAM lokanA zAzvata-azAzvata hovA aMge aneka prakAranA matabhedo pravartatA hatA. AtmA vizenI A cha dRSTio pracalita hatI : (1) A mAro AtmA che. (2) mArI aMdara AtmA nathI. (3) AtmAne ja AtmA samaju chuM. (4) AtmAne ja anAtmA samajuM chuM. (5) anAtmAne AtmA samajuM chuM. (6) athavA-A mAro AtmA anubhavakartA che. anubhavavA yogya che, potAnA sArAM-khoTAM karmonuM pariNAma bhogave che - te mAro AtmA nitya, zAzvata, aparivartanazIla che. lokanI zAzvatatA ane tathAgatanA astitva vizenI vicArasaraNInuM paNa vistArathI Alekhana thayuM che. (1) lokazAzvata che. (2) loka azAzvata che. (3) loka antavAna che. (4) loka antarahita che. (5) te ja jIva che, te ja zarIra che. (6) jIva anya che, zarIra anya che. (7) tathAgata (buddha) mRtyu bAda hoya (rahe) che. (8) tathAgata mRtyu bAda hotA nathI. (9) tathAgata mRtyu bAda hoya che paNa kharA ane nathI paNa hotA. (10) tathAgata mRtyu bAda hotA nathI; nathI hotA tevuM paNa nathI. zrAvastInA anAthapiMDikanA ArAma jetavanamAM parivrAjaka vatsageAtra sAthe A vividha dhAraNAo vize potAno abhiprAya ApatA gautama buddhe kahyuM hatuM ke 'loka 2010_03

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bauddhadharmamAM parama tattvanI vibhAvanA 35 zAzvata che" athavA "loka azAzvata che" - "A temAMthI eka paNa dRSTine grahaNa karato nathI.'...vatsa, loka zAzvata che...(vagere mAnyatAo) dRSTigata, daSTigahana, dRSTikAntAra, daSTivizUka, daSTivispaMdita, daSTisaMyojana che. te duHkhamaya, vighAtamaya, upAyAsamaya, paridAhamaya che. te na nirveda mATe che, na vairAgya mATe, na nirodha mATe, na upazamana mATe, na abhijJA mATe, na saMbodha mATe, na nirvANa mATe che. A doSa (Adinava) ne jovAthI huM A sarva daSTione grahaNa karato nathI. "loka zAzvata che ke nahi", "AtmA ane Izvara che ke nahi'- te sarva praznone gautama buddha a-vyAkRta batAvyA hatA. te mATe temaNe bANathI vIMdhAyelA puruSanuM daSTAMta rajU karyuM hatuM. koI puruSa tIvra viSathI yukta bANathI vIMdhAya, tenAM saMbaMdhI svajano tene mATe zalya cikitsakane bolAve tyAre te ghAyala thayelo puruSa ema kahe ke jyAM sudhI mane viMdhanAro puruSa kSatriya che, brAhmaNa chevaizya che ke zUdra che e vAtanI khabara na paDe tyAM sudhI huM zalya kADhavA daIza nahi. te puruSanuM nAma-gotra tenuM svarUpa, te gaura varNana che ke zyAma, teNe mAreluM zalya, dhanuSya, bANanI paNacha-e dareka vizenI spaSTa vigata mane nahi maLe tyAM sudhI huM bANane kADhavA nahi dauM : gautama buddha jaNAve che tema A badhI hakIkatone jANavAno Agraha rAkhIne te viddha puruSa cikitsA zarU nahi kare to, svAbhAvika che ke mRtyu ja pAme te mATe cikitsA mahattvanI che, bANa mAranAranI jAti, svarUpa ke dhanuSya, bANa ke paNacha aMgenI mAhitI nahi. tevI rIte A vividha vAdavivAdanI spaSTatA thAya to ja brahmacaryavAsa thaI zake anyathA nahi, tevuM nathI. gautama buddha kahe che : mAlukyaputta ! bhale "loka zAzvata che- e mAnyatA rahe athavA "loka azAzvata che' evI mAnyatA rahe, to paNa janma to che ja, jarA che ja, maraNa che ja, zoka-kaMdana-vilApa-du:khadaurmanasya-parezAnI che ja, jenA A janmamAM ja, vighAtane huM batAvuM chuM...tethI mAlukyapura mArA a-vyAkRta (vacananA a-viSayane) ne a-vyAkRtanI rIte dhAraNa kara ane mArA vyAkRtane vyAkRtanI rIte dhAraNa kara....loka zAzvata che. e mAruM avyAkRta che. (kAraNa ke)...(tanuM vyAkaraNa, kathana) te sArthaka nathI, Adi-brahmacarya upayogI nathI. to te nirveda, upazama, abhijJA, saMbodha, nirvANa mATe Avazyaka che. tethI meM tene avyakta karyuM... A duHkha che,...duHkha samudaya che. duHkha nirodha che... duHkha nirodha gAminI pratipada che...tene vyAkRta kye...(kAraNa tenuM kathana)...sArthaka che. Adi-brahmacarya-upayogI che, te nirvANa mATe Avazyaka che, tethI tene vyAkRta karyuM che. A dRSTivAda ke AtmA vizenA matamatAntaro vyaktinA ahaMbhAvane prabaLa 2010_03

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vividhA banAve che, ane aneka prakAranA saMgharSo thAya che. koI vyakti ema vicAre ke A ja dRSTi mane pasaMda che, ane e dRSTinuM prabaLatAthI grahaNa (svIkAra) karIne ema vicAre ke A ja satya che, anya sarva asatya che, - to anya dRSTivALA loko sAthe vigraha thaze, vivAda thaze, tenAthI vidhAta (pIDA) ane vihiMsA paNa thaze. A prakAre dRSTine kAraNe vigraha, vivAda, vidhAta ane vihiMsAne jotAM A dRSTiono pratinissarga (tyAga) karavo joIe. 36 mRtyu bAdanI paristhiti vize paNa koi prakAranA dRSTivAdano Azcaya nahi levAno spaSTa Adeza temaNe Apyo che. te mATe vatsagotra sAtheno temano saMvAda noMdhapAtra che. parivrAjaka gautama buddhane 'vimukta bhikSu kyAM utpanna thAya che ?' ema pUche che tyAre gautama buddha 'tevo bhikSu utpanna thAya che' athavA 'utpanna thato nathI.' athavA 'utpanna thAya che tevuM nathI' athavA 'utpanna thato nathI, tevuM paNa nathI.'- evo artha gaMbhIra, durroya, durbodha lAge tevo uttara Ape che - teno artha spaSTatAthI samajAvavA gautama buddha vatsagotrane pariprazna pUche che : 'vatsa, tArI samakSa Aga lAge, to tuM jANI zake ke A Aga lAgI che ?' 'hA, gautama !huM jANI zakuM ke Aga lAgI che.' 'te Aga kayA upAdAnane AdhAre lAgI che ?' 'te Aga tRNa -kASTa rUpI upAdAnane AdhAre lAgelI che.' 'vatsa, e agni tArI samakSa ja zAMta thaI jAya, holavAI jAya to, tuM jANIza ke A Aga holavAI gaI che.' 'he gautama, mArI samakSa Aga holavAI jAya to huM jANIza ke Aga holavAI gaI che.' 'he vatsa, tane ema pUchavAmAM Ave ke, A Aga kai dizAmAM gaI-pUrva, pazcima, uttara ke dakSiNamAM ? evuM pUchavAthI he vatsa, tuM zo uttara ApIza ?' he gautama, te jANI zakAtuM nathI. je Aga pRSNa-kASTanA upAdAnane kAraNe prajjavalita thaI, te tRNa-kASTanA anupahAra (na maLavAthI) vagara holavAI gaI (nivRtta nirvANaprApta thaI gaI) ema ja kahevAya che. tevI ja rIte he vatsa, tathAgatano nirdeza karatI vakhate je rUpathI (sAthe vedanA, saMjJA, saMskAra ane vijJAnanuM paNa A rIte umeravuM) temano nirdeza thato hato, te rUpa ja tathAgatanuM prahINa thaI gayuM, ucchinna-mULa, thaI gayuM che. vatsa, tathAgata rUpasaMjJAthI mukta, mahAsamudranI jema gaMbhIra, a-prameya, duragavAhya che. tethI tyAM te 'utpanna thayA che'- ema jANI zakAtuM nathI. 'utpanna nathI thayA' tevuM jANI zakAtuM nathI, 2010_03

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bauddhadharmamAM parama tattvanI vibhAvanA 'na-utpanna thAya che','na-utpanna nathI thatA' tevuM paNa jANI zakAtuM nathI. AtmAno svIkAra karavAthI vyakti AtmA pratye Asakta bane che, tethI nirvANa prApta karI zakato nathI. attabhAva (AtmAbhAva) ahaMbhAvano paNa paryAya banI rahe che. tethI teno parityAga nirvANonmukha bhikSune mATe aparihArya che. AtmavAdane kAraNe punarjanma ane aneka prakAranI apekSAo tRSNAo prAdurbhUta thAya che. A sarva zramaNa-brAhmaNa urdhvasara-AgalA janmanI yAtrAnuM anusaraNa karanArA hoya che. punarjanmano lobha ane Asaktine kAraNe 'mRtyu bAda A prakAre hoiza ke te prakAre hoiza'...evI rIte vicAre che. jevI rIte vaNika vyApAra mATe jAya che tyAre 'AnAthI ATalo lAbha thaze, AnAthI A laIza...' evI gaNatrI kare che tevI rIte zramaNa-brAhmaNo punarjanmamAM yatheccha prApti mATe gaNatrIpUrvaka karma-kriyAkAMDa-vidhividhAna Adi kare che. jevI rIte thAMbhalA sAthe bAMdhelo kUtaro te thAMbhalAnI AsapAsa ja cakkara mAryA kare che, tevI rIte zramaNa-brAhmaNonAM sarva kAryo AtmavAdaprerita hoya che. 39 A ja prayojanathI gautama buddhe atItanuM anugamana ke bhaviSyanI ciMtA nahi karIne, vartamAnamAM prApta dharmonuM nirAlasa banIne pAlana karavAno upadeza 'bhadrekaratta sutta'mAM Apyo che. potAnA viSayane spaSTa banAvavA temaNe aneka AkarSaka upamAo paNa rajU karI che. temaNe kahyuM ke je vyakti janapadakalyANIne cAhe che, paraMtu tenA rUpa, raMga, varNa, kada, nivAsa, nAma vagere jANatA nathI, temanuM AcaraNa ke cAhanA upAhAsAspada ane arthahIna che tevI rIte AtmAnA guNadharmathI aparicita yajJa-yAgAdi karanAra vyaktinuM kathana paNa azraddheya ane niMdanIya che. paripUrNa jANakArI vagara koI vastu-viSaya viSe kahevuM ucita nathI. te tathAgatanA AtmAnA astitva, anastittva, janma-maraNa vagerene paNa anekAMzika dharma kahe che. te ema paNa kahe che ke A mAnyatA ja sArthaka che, na dharmopayogI che, na nirveda ane vairAgya ke prajJAprApti mATe che. aparicita sthitinuM ja A pariNAma che. punarjanma H bauddha dharma nitya AtmAne mAnato na hovA chatAM karma ane punarjanmano svIkAra kare che. potAnA karmane anurUpa prANI sukha-duHkha bhogave che ane navo janma dhAraNa kare che. zubha ke azubha saMkalpa ke karma karavA mATe citta svataMtra che. manuSya atyAre jevo che tenI saMpUrNa javAbadArI tenI potAnI che ane bhaviSyamAM jevo thavA icche tevo thavAno saMpUrNa AdhAra paNa tenA upara che. prANIonA karma ane saMkalpono prabhAva 2010_03

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38 vividhA sRSTinAM cara-acara tattvo para rahelo che. tathAgate aneka prakAranA pracalita AtmavAdanuM khaMDana karyuM che ke je AtmavAda, vastutaH viSayo pratyenA ahaMkAra mamakArarUpe athavA mULa avidyA ane adhyAsanA pariNAmarUpe udabhavyo hato. A prayojanathI ja temaNe vAraMvAra deha ane mananA samagra prapaMcone anAtmabhUta ane heya kahyA che, paraMtu te sAthe ja temaNe ucchedavAdanuM khaMDana karyuM che. keTalAka ciMtako ema mAne che ke "A' loka ke paraloka nathI.. puruSa cAturmahAbhUtika che. ane mRtyu bAda te mahAbhUtamAM bhaLI jAya che, tethI pApa-puNyano svIkAra nahi karIne sarva prakAranA bhoga bhogavavA joIe. upara paraMtu gautama buddha A mAnyatAno spaSTa inkAra karyo che. temaNe pApa-puNyanA vipAkano spaSTa nirdeza karyo che. satvonA cittanA saMkalezano ane vizuddhino pratyaya hoya che. pratyayane kAraNe ja te saMkaleza ke vizuddhi prApta kare che. puruSa niyatinA vazamAM hovAne kAraNe nahi, paraMtu potAnA baLa, parAkrama, vIrya ane dRDhatAne kAraNe ja che ke abhijAtiomAM utpanna thaIne sukha-duHkhano anubhava kare che. A pramANe janma ane sukha-duHkha mATe "hetu che',-e je dRSTi che, te temanI samyam daSTi che, tene kAraNe teo kuzaLa dharmonuM grahaNa karIne akuzaLa sthAnathI vaMcita bane che. ahIM gautama buddha prANIonI karmAnusAra utpattino ullekha karyo che. baudhiprApti pachI amAnuSa divya cakSuthI teo mRtyu pAmatA ane utpanna thatA, sugatiprApta ke durgati prApta jIvone joI zakatA hatA, tevuM varNana temaNe ApyuM che, tyAM paNa temaNe punarjanmano spaSTa svIkAra karyo che. kukakuravattika-sutImAM paNa sattvanA "AgaLanA janma'no nirdeza che gautama buddha Izvara ane niyitano svIkAra karatA nathI paNa karmaphaLane mahattva Ape che. mUrkha ane paMDita sarvane AvAgamanamAM paDIne duHkhano aMta karavo paDe che. kuzaLa ne akuzaLa karmonA paripAka rUpe udbhavatI janma paraMparA ke bhavanA nirodhane temaNe saMbhavita hovAnuM jaNAvyuM che. manuSya prajJAprApti dvArA bhavano nAza karI zake che. bhavanirodhane zakya mAnavAthI ja sattva akuzaLa dharmano tyAga karIne kuzaLa dharma karavA prerAya che. "bhava-nirodha sarvathA nathI hoto'- A daSTi rAga, saMyoga, abhinaMdana ane upAdAna mATe preranArI che. jayAre "bhavanirodha" sarvathA hoya che e daSTi a-rAga, asaMyoga, ana-abhinaMdana, ana-adhyavasAna ane ana-upAdAna tarapha prere che. tethI te janma-maraNathI virakta banIne teno nirodha kare che. A ja saMdarbhamAM sAriputra anAthapiMDikane vijJAna paralokamAM nizcita na 2010_03

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bauddhadharmamAM parama tattvanI vibhAvanA 39 thAya tevI bhAvanA karavAno bodha Ape che. gautama buddha AtmAne anitya skaMdhonA samUharUpe varNavyo che. nitya AtmAnA abhAvamAM, karmaphaLanuM kartRtva, lokatRtva, janmAntaragrAhitya, jAtismaraNa vagera vizenA prazno svAbhAvika rIte ja udbhave che. gautama buddhe pratItyasamutpAda ane madhyamamArga dvArA A praznonuM samAdhAna karAvyuM che. ApaNe je kuzaLa ke akuzaLa kAyika-vAcika-mAnasika karmo karIe chIe. te sarvanuM udgama ApaNuM mana che. vaiSayukta ke rAgayukta karmo karatA ApaNA manobhAvo paNa rAga-dveSayukta bane che. manobhAvonI A paraMparA zaizavathI mRtyu paryata cAle che. gautama buddha jaNAve che ke A paraMparA janma pahelA paNa hatI ane mRtyu bAda paNa rahe che. mRtyuthI eno upaccheda thato nathI. mRtyu kevaLa e kSaNane sUcita kare che, jayAre navIna paristhitimAM navIna karmasamUhano vipAka thAya che. jayAM sudhI tRSNAnA kSayathI A cittapravAha ke citta-saMtati vizRMkhalita thaIne nirvANane prApta karatI nathI, tyAM sudhI A krama cAlu rahe che. gautama buddha AtmAnI svataMtra sattAno niSedha karyo che. paraMtu te mana ane mAnasika vRttionI sattA svIkAre che. AtmAno anubhava paNa mAnasika vyApArothI ja thAya che. sAtidevaputra bhikSunA saMdehanuM samAdhAna karatA tathAgate samajAvyuM hatuM ke vijJAna pratItyasamutpanna che. vartamAna bhavanuM aMtima vijJAna vilIna thAya che ane dvitIya janmanuM-AgaLanA janmanuM prathama vijJAna utpanna thAya che. tethI na to te ja satvanuM astitva rahe che na to anya jIva utpanna thAya che. milindapraznamAM nAgasena kahe che ke vyakti zaizavamAMthI vRddhi pAmIne vRddhatva meLave che. A baMne avasthAomAM vyakti eka ja hovA chatAM eka nathI; avasthAbhedane kAraNe tene ekabIjAthI bhinna ke abhinna karI zakatA nathI. tevI rIte punarjanma lenAra vyakti pUrva janmathI na bhinna che, na abhinna che. ( ra o na ra ma ) dharmonA nibaMdha pravAhathI eka utpanna thAya che ane bIjo nirodha pAme che. A utpAda ane nirodha yugavata pratIta thAya che. te nAma-rUpa dvArA kuzaLa-akuzaLa karma kare che ane karmo dvArA eka anya nAma-rUpa utpanna thAya che. te ja sasaraNa kare che.ane anya karmonA niHzeSa thaI javAthI A saMsaraNa samApta thAya che. koI vastunA astitvanI paraMparAmAM eka eka avasthA utpanna thAya che ane teno laya thAya che : A pramANe pravAha niraMtara vaheto rahe che. e rIte karmano pravAha paNa satata vaheto rahe che. pratikSaNamAM karmo nAza pAmatAM jAya che, paraMtu tenI vAsanA 2010_03

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40 vividhA AgalI kSaNamAM anuyata rUpathI pravAhita rahe che. tethI aniyatAne mAnatA hovA chatAM buddha punarjanmano svIkAra karyo che. pratyeka anuvartI skaMdha potAnA pUrvavartI skaMdha para Azrita che. na AtmavAda na anAtmavAda : gautama buddha temanA samayamAM pracalita AtmavAdanuM khaMDana karyuM che. temaNe kevaLa anAtmabhUta tattvomAM AtmA na jovAno upadeza Apyo che, AtmAno sarvathA asvIkAra karyo nathI. temane vAstavika rIte to e abhipreta hatuM ke na AtmavAda tAtvika che, na anAtmavAda. AtmAne ahaMkArayukta cittano dyotaka mAnyo che, AtmAnuM sarvathA nirAkaraNa karyuM nathI. bauddha dharmamAM vyavahArika rUpathI AtmAno niSedha karyo nathI, paNa pAramArthika rUpathI ja teno niSedha karyo che, kharekhara to A praznane temaNe a-vyAkRta jaNAvyo che. AtmA, rUpa, vedanA, saMjJA, saMskAra tathA vijJAna e pAMca skaMdhono samudAya mAtra che. paraMtu tenAthI atirikta AtmA koI svataMtra paramArthabhUta padArtha nathI. AtmAnuM astitva koI pratyakSa, apratyakSa ke anumAnapramANathI siddha karI zakAtuM nathI. koI paNa satva koI AtmA nathI, kevaLa hetu-pratyayajanita dharma che, skaMdha, Ayatana ane dhAtu che. jevI rIte agni iMdhaNathI anya nathI ke nathI ananya, tevI rIte AtmA ane zarIra alaga nathI. AtmA vizenA pracalita khyAlono temaNe asvIkAra karyo che, paraMtu jIvanapravAhanI avicchinnatAno temaNe niSedha karyo nathI. vAstavika rIte jene e cittapravAha, vijJAna ke jIvanapravAha kahe che teno-sarva prakAranA Asavo ane avidyAnA nAza dvArA-nirodha karavAno bodha temaNe vAraMvAra Apyo che. arthAt janmamaraNanI paraMparA ke bhavaniSedha dvArA ja temaNe sarva prakAranA duHkha ane anuzayomAMthI vimuktano nirdeza karyo che. Izvara ane niyativAdano asvIkAra : gautama buddha Izvara ane niyativAdano spaSTa asvIkAra karyo hato. te Izvarane sRSTinA kartA ke saMcAlaka mAnatA nathI. brAhmaNoe kahelo IzvaravAda temanI dRSTie aMdhaveNI paraMparA jevo che. eka ja paMktimAM anyonyanA Azraye sthita aMdhajanomAM AgaLano aMdhajana kazuM joI zakato nathI. tevI ja rIte vacce Ubhelo ke pAchaLano aMdhajana paNa kazuM joI zakato nathI. tevI rIte IzvaravAdI paNa adaSTa Izvarano sAkSAtkAra karyA vagara ja paraMparAvazAta Izvarane svIkAre che. paraMtu je Izvarano svayaM sAkSAtkAra thayo na hoya tenA astitvane kevI rIte pramANI zakAya ? je zramaNa-brAhmaNo IzvaranuM astitva hovAnuM jaNAve che te zramaNa-brAhmaNo paNa IzvaranA svarUpa vize varNana karI zakatA nathI. gautama buddha "cUla-sakuladAyI 2010_03

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bauddhadharmamAM parama tattvanI vibhAvanA suttantamAM udAyI sAthenI carcAmAM praNItatara varNa ane janapadakalyANInA dRSTAMto dvArA IzvaranA astitva vizenI mAnyatA kevI nirarthaka che te spaSTa karyuM che. IzvaranA sarvatkRtva ane sarvajJAnano svIkAra karIe to sukhaduHkhotpAdamAM sarvathA asamartha ajJa jIvane Izvaraprerita thaIne ja sad ke asad vyavahAramAM pravRtta thAya che tema mAnavuM paDe. gautama buddha A matano svIkAra karatA nathI. sukhaduHkha vagere Izvarakartutva ke bhAgyAdhIna nathI. vizvamAM cAlatI pravRttio Izvaranirmita hoI zake nahi. anyathA hiMsA, corI, asatya bhASaNa Adi aneka daSkRtyo IzvarakRta hovAnuM siddha thAya paNa Izvara vizenI je saMkalpanAo che, te sAthe A susaMgata nathI. sarva paristhiti ane saMjogone IzvarakartRtva mAnavAthI manuSyo akarmaNya banI jAya. sad karmo pratyenI zraddhA kSINa thaI jAya ane manuSya asadu karmo dvArA paNa sukhaprApti karavA mATe tatpara bane ! Izvara ane bhAgyane jIvananAM preraka baLa tarIke svIkAravAthI kevI viSaya sthiti sarjAI zake, tenuM vistRta varNana gautama buddha karyuM che. te kahe che : A saMsAramAM evA paNa zramaNa brAhmaNo che ke je A pramANeno mata dharAve che - prANIonA cittanA utpAda mATe koI hetu ke koI nimitta nathI ! evI rIte prANIonI cittavizuddhi mATe paNa koI hetu ke nimitta nathI, te cittakleza ke cittanI vizuddhi ahetuka ke animittaka hoya che. puraSo mATe baLa, parAkrama, vIrya ke dRDhatAnI AvazyakatA nathI. sarva prANIo, sarva satvo, sarva bhUto, sarva jIvo abaLa ane avaza thaIne bhAgyane anusarIne, bhAgyavazAt cha prakAranI abhijAtiomAM utpanna thaIne sukhaduHkhano anubhava kare che, 'paNa gautama buddhe A matano spaSTa virodha karatA jaNAvyuM hatuM ke prANIonA cittavikAra ane cittazuddhi mATe nizvita kAraNa ane nimitta hoya che...puruSonA baLa, vIrya, dRDhatA ane parAkramanI paNa AvazyakatA hoya che. sarva prANIo ke sattvo vivaza, nirbaLa ane sAmarthyarahita banIne avazapaNe nahi, paraMtu potAnA karmAnusAra saMcita prArabdhAnusAra cha prakAranI abhijAtiomAM janma laIne sukhadu:khano anubhava kare che. A vicArasaraNIne-A daSTine ja temaNe samyagadaSTi kahI che. manuSyanAM karmo ja tenA " jIvananuM ghaDatara kare che. A pramANe IzvaravAda ke niyativAdano svIkAra karavAthI mithyA dRSTino vizvAsa rAkhavAne kAraNe aneka pApamaya akuzaLa dharma utpanna thAya che. ane tethI viparita samyam daSTimAM vizvAsa rAkhavAthI aneka pumaya kuzaLa dharmo utpanna thAya che, jethI vyakti ane samaSTinuM jIvana susaMvAdI bane che. karmavAda: saMsAramImAMsAmAM karmanuM pradhAnya sarvasaMmata rIte svIkArAyuM che. vizvamAM 2010_03

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kera vividhA pravartita mAnavajIvanamAM aneka prakAranI viSamatAo ane visaMgati jovA maLe che. A sarva viSamatAo ane visaMgatinuM kAraNa karma' hovAnuM gautama buddhe vAraMvAra jaNAvyuM che. karma ja sattvone hIna ke praNIta banAve che. bAvaLa vAvIne koI AmraphaLa prApta karI zake nahi. te "vAve tevuM laNe'no karmasiddhAMta saune samAna rIte lAgu paDe che. kammaM satte vibhAjati yadidaM hInapaNItatAyAM ti / saMsArarUpI agAdha samudramAM paribhramaNa karAvanAra pratItyasamutpAda paNa karmacakra ja che. karmathI vipAka utpanna thAya che ane tene kAraNe punaHkarma uddabhave che. karma ane tenA phaLanA pArasparika saMbaMdhane lIdhe bhavacakra pharyA kare che. pratyeka prApta paristhiti ane punarjanmanuM kAraNa karma ja che. bodhiprApti pachI buddhane pUrvajanmanuM smaraNa thayuM hatuM. karmathI prerAyelA satvone te bhinna bhinna yonimAMthI pasAra thatAM joI zakatA hatA. kAryakAraNanA niyama anusAra kone kyAM janma maLaze tenuM jJAna temaNe prApta karyuM hatuM. temanA aneka ziSyo ane ziSyAoe pUrvajanma ane punarjanma vizenuM jJAna prApta karyuM hatuM. vizvamAM pravartita viparita paristhiti IzvarakRta nahi paNa karmakRta che. karma mulataH be prakAranAM che : citta karma ane caitasika karma. tene cetanA ane cetayitA paNa kahe che. cetanA mAnasakarma che. cetanAthI je utpanna thAya che te cetayitA karma che. tenA be prakAra che : kAyika ane vAcika. ApaNe je pravRtti karIe chIe te karma kahevAya che. ane tene pariNAme je saMskAra ke vAsanA cittamAM paDe che, te paNa karma kahevAya che. A vAsanArUpa karma punarjanmanA kAraNarUpa bane che. sAmAnya rIte temaNe karmonA traNa prakAra batAvyA che : kAyika, vAcika ane mAnasika. A traNamAM mAnasika karma vadhu mahattvanAM che. kAyika ke vAcika karma kuzaLa che ke akuzaLa te mAnasakarma dvArA nakkI thAya che. gautama buddhe karmane vastutaH cetanAmaya kahyA che. - bhikSuo, meM cetanAne karma kahyuM che. cetanApUrvaka karma karAya che zarIrathI, vANIthI, manathI...cetanApUrvaka karelAM ane saMcita karmonAM phaLonAM pratisaMvedana karyA vagara du:khano ke temano (karmano) aMta batAvatA nathI. pratyekane mATe duHkhano aMta jAgRtapaNe karelAM karmo kSINa thavA para ja saMbhavita che. "na A zarIra tamAruM che. na bIjAonuM, kevaLa purANuM karma che." prANIonI vividha yonimAM thatI utpatti vizenA zubha mANavakanA praznanA saMdarbhamAM gautama buddhe kahyuM hatuM, "karmo ja jIvonAM potAnAM che, karma ja temanI virAsata che, karma ja teno prabhAva che, karma teno baLyuM ane karma ja teno sahAro che." "kamassakA mANava sattAM kammadAyAdA mpalAnI khevanyu HparisarI ...." 2010_03

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bauddha dharmamAM parama tattvanI vibhAvanA 43 manuSya satkarma kare to tene sadagati maLe che ane asat karma kare to te durgatine prApta thAya che; ema gautama buddha vAraMvAra kahyuM che. sad karmo ane asat karmo kuzaLa karma ane akuzaLa karmathI ullekhAya che. Asrava kuzaLa karmanuM phaLa sukha, abhyadaya ane sugati che. nirAstrava kuzaLa karmo vipAkarahita che. te duHkhanI AtyaMtika nivRttine utpanna kare che. A duHkhanivRttine ja nirvANa kahe che. nirvANa roganA abhAvanI jema zAMta avasthA che. gautama buddhanI dRSTie karma eka prakArano cittasaMkalpa che, jene "cetanA" zabda dvArA vyavaskRta karyo che. tene tai vaidika siddhAMtanI jema adRSTa zakti mAnatA nathI. paraMtu karmane anAdi ane avicchinna paraMparAmAM ghaTita eka ghaTanA mAtra mAne che. te anusAra svakRta karmonA phaLane bhogavanAra prANI svayaM hoya che. cetanA mAnasakarma che. kAyika-vAcika karma vagara paNa mAnasakarma abhISTa prApta karI zake che. ema paNa kahI zakAya ke karma e cetanA, cetanAkRta kAya-ceSTA ane vAga-dhvani che. maitrI-bhAvanA paNa eka cetanA che - temAM koI pratigrAhaka hoto nathI, to paNa tenAthI puNyAdino utpAda thAya che. maitrI-cittamAM ruci hovI te paNa mAnasakarma che. sarva vicArAtmaka prakriyAo cetanAkhya karma che. paNa te akriya hoya to adhika puNyadAyI bane che. jo ke maitrIbhAvanA sakriya hoya to vadhu puNyadAyI bane che. cetanA karma ane karmavipAkamAM mukhya hovA chatAM phaLaprApti mATe kAya ane vANIno AdhAra levo paDe che. zatrunA prANAtipAtanI cetanA ane prANAtipAta eka ja nathI. prANAtipAta eka kriyAvizeSa che. nigraMthonI tapasyAnA saMdarbhamAM gautama buddhe potAnA vicAro rajU karyA che. nigraMtha sAdhuo ema mAne che ke sarva prakAranAM sukha-duHkha pUrvajanmanAM karmonA phaLarUpa che. tapasyA dvArA pUrvajanmanAM karmono kSaya karavAthI, navAM karmo na karavAthI bhaviSyamAM anAstrava thAya che. vipAkarahita hovAthI karmakSaya, duHkhakSaya ane vedanAno kSaya thavAthI sarva duHkho kSINa thaI jAya che. gautama buddha A vicArasaraNIno svIkAra karatA nathI. te jaNAve che ke A pramANe kaSTadAyaka tapasyA karavAthI A janmamAM akuzaLa dharmono nAza ane kuzaLa dharmanI prApti na thAya to te tapazcaryA nirarthaka che. pUrva janmanAM karma ane tenA vipAkathI ajJAta hovAne kAraNe paNa AvI tapazcaryA artharahita che. samagra jIvana ati kaSTadAyaka tapa sAdhanAmAM vyatIta karavAthI zreya sAdhI zakAtuM nathI. prajJAprAptine mATe, kaThina lAgatA keTalAka sadAcAranA niyamonA pAlanane temaNe Avazyaka mAnyA che. ane te dveSa-mohAdi cittanA upaklezo, nIvaraNo, Astravo 2010_03

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44 vividhA AdinA kSaya mATe che. - kaThina tapazcaryA dvArA akuzaLa dharmo kSINa thAya ane kuzaLa dharmonI prApti dvArA sAttvika sukhanI anubhUti maLe tyAra bAda teNe puna:kaThina tapazcaryA karIne duHkha ke saMkaleza anubhavavAnI AvazyaktA rahetI nathI. jevI rIte luhAra bANane yogya AkAra ApavA mATe agni para tapAve che, sIdhuM kare che ane yogya AkAra apAyA bAda tene agni para tapAvavAnuM kArya aTakAvI de che, tema kuzaLa dharmonI prApti thatAM, tapazcaryAnuM prayojana siddha thayA pachI kAyAne kaThina tapasyAthI kaSTa ApavuM duHkha bhogavavuM nirarthaka che, anAvazyaka che. 164 gautama buddha A karmakSaya-duHkhakSaya mATenAM pAMca sopAna darzAvyA che : (1) bhikSu duHkhathI ana-abhibhUta zarIrane duHkhathI abhibhUta karato nathI. (2) dhArmika sukhano parityAga karato nathI. (3) dhArmika sukhamAM avyAdhika mUrNita banato nathI. (4) te jANe che ke du:khanA kAraNanA saMskArano abhyAsa karavAthI virakta bane che. (5) A duHkhanidAnanI upekSAnI bhAvanA karavAthI virakta bane che. bhikSu duHkhanA kAraNanA saMskArano abhyAsa kare che ane jo duHkhanidAnanI upekSA karavAthI-upekSAnI bhAvanA karavAthI virAga prApta thAya che, teno abhyAsa kare che. A pramANe virakta banavAthI tenuM du:kha kSINa thAya che. . karmavipAka durvijJeya che. jyAre kALa pAke che ane kAraNasAmagrI upasthita hoya che tyAre karmano vipAka thAya che. karma bIjatulya che. te potAnI jAti pramANe vahelA ke moDA, alpa yA mahAna phaLa Ape che. tRSNA ja karmane vipAka pradAnanuM sAmarthya Ape che. je tRSNArahita banI karma kare che, te karmathI lipta thato nathI, tene karmanA phaLa bhogavavAM paDatAM nathI." karma vipAkanI durvijJeyatA darzAvIne vyavahArika jagatamAM dekhAtI keTalIka visaMgatatAonuM samAdhAna karAvavAno prayatna karyo che. te jaNAve che ke keTalAka durAcArI ane hiMsaka manuSyo aneka prakAranAM sukhopabhogamAM rAcatA joI zakAya che. te rIte puNyAcArI manuSyo ati kaSTa bhogavatA hoya che. karmanA siddhAMtanI dRSTie A visaMgati jaNAya che. paraMtu hakIkatomAM karmano vipAka samajavo muzkela che. hiMsaka durAcArI mANasonAM pUrvakRta satkarmono udaya thayo hovAthI te sukhasaMpatti prApta kare che ane sugati pAme che. tevI rIte puNyAcArI manuSyanAM pUrvakRta duSkarmonA vipAkane kAraNe te vartamAnamAM duHkha bhogave che. purANAM karmonA vipAkane pariNAme ja A sthiti sarjAya che, te visaMgati nathI. 2010_03

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bauddhadharmamAM parama tattvanI vibhAvanA AthI devatAono bhaya nirmULa karavA mATe daivI tattvone ja nAbUda karavAnI AvazyakatA hatI devatAono Avo bhaya nAbUda karavAno, Izvara ane devatAo u52 badhI javAbadArI oDhADI devAne kAraNe svaprayatno ke puruSArthane badale devAdhIna valaNa prabaLa banaze. buddhano hetu vizvanI vAstavikatAnA saMdarbhamAM vizuddha nItimattAnA nirmANano hovAthI anIzvaravAdI abhigama tene poSaka bane che. buddhano hetu puruSArthane prerIne vizuddha nItimattAnuM nirmANa karavAno hato. IzvaranI anAvazyakatA : buddhano upadeza A vizvanI vAstavikatAnA saMdarbhamAM thayelo che kAraNa ke, vastuonA prAkRtika arthaghaTana sAthe vaiyaktika evA Izvara aMgenI mAnyatA ahIM susaMgata rahI zake tema na hatI. vaLI je Izvara kAMI karI zake nahI tevA IzvaranI khyAla paNa taddana anAvazyaka banI rahe che. ahIM premALa evA Izvara aMgenI mAnyatAno paNa meLa besato nathI. vizvanI viSamatAo ane du:kha to karmanA siddhAMtathI ja buddhigamya banI zake che. vizvanA pravAha mATe koI saceta niyAmakanI atre AvazyakatA nathI. azvaghoSanA 'buddhacarita'mAM anAthapiMDaka sAthenA saMvAdamAM buddha spaSTa kahe che ke jo Izvare vizvanuM nirmANa karyuM hoya to koI du:khaprada parivartana, koI vinAza ke zoka, du:kha vagere bAbatonuM astitva hovuM joIe nahIM, kAraNa ke jo saMsAramAM dRSTigocara thatI AvI bAbato IzvaranuM kArya hoya to te pote paNa A badhI prakriyAne pAtra bane che. AthI tene pUrNa sAcI zakAya nahIM. A uparAMta IzvaranI icchA anusAra ja badhuM thatuM hoya to sadguNI AcaraNano artha raheto nathI. Ama, IzvaranI mAnyatA sadaguNonA vyavahAra mATe bilakula upayogI nathI. 45 jo duHkha, zoka vagerenuM kAraNa Izvara na hoya to te kAraNa Izvara sivAyanuM bIjuM koI haze ane tethI Izvarano khyAla apUrNa banaze. AthI AvA Izvara aMgeno khyAla paNa svIkArya banI zake tema nathI. svataH siddha madhyama mArga : buddha mATe mAnavI ane sRSTinuM sarjana koNe karyuM e praznanuM nahIM paNa nirvANanA dhyeyane puruSArthathI pAmavA mATe vizuddha jIvananI prApti kevI rIte thAya e praznanuM mahattva hatuM. IzvaravAdanuM nirUpaNa karavAthI du:khakSayanI saMbhAvanA rahetI na hatI jyAre madhyama mArga svataH siddha ane svataH pUrNa hato. buddhano A abhigama anIzvaravAdI che ane temanA lAkSaNika valaNane anurUpa te samayanA pracalita abhigamo vacceno mArga che. A anusAra sarvocca Izvara sarjaka hovAthI paraMparAmAM mAnyatA tathA vizvanI vastuono vikAsa tenI svataMtra AMtarika zaktine kAraNe thAya che evI bhautikavAdIonI svabhAvavAdI mAnyatAnuM temaNe khaMDana karIne badhuM pratItyasamutpanna che 2010_03

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46 vividhA ema kahIne kSaNikavAda ane karmanA niyamane prayojayA che. temanA matAnusAra karmane kAraNe saMsAramAM vividhatA che; Izvarane kAraNe nahIM. IzvaranI AvazyakatA : - buddha vizvanA prathama kAraNa ke sarjaka ke karmanA niyAmaka tarIke Izvarane InkAre che. laukika mAnyatAne anulakSIne teo mAnavI ane devatAo vaccenA vyavahAra viSe kahe che tyAre paNa devone mAnavI jevA ja gaNe che. A bhAvanAnI samatala rahIne teo potAnA sahita koI vyaktivizeSa ke devanI ArAdhanA na karavA anurodha kare che. paraMtu mAnavInI dhArmika vRttine koI AlaMbananI-IzvaranI AvazyakatA rahetI hovAthI temanA vyavahArika dharmamAM buddhane ja pachIthI deva tarIke pUjavAnuM zarU thayuM hatuM. Ama jemaNe pUrNatAno mArga zodhyo ane potAnA pagale bIjAone cAlavA mATe zakya banAvyo temane lokasamUha mATe ekamata Azaro ane ekamAtra deva tarIke sthApavAmAM AvyA hatA. vaLI, brAhmaNa paraMparAmAM daivI daravAjo hAMsala karavA ke zuddhi rAkhavA mATe devatAo pavitra kAryo, yajJo ane tapa karatA darzAvavAmAM AvyA che. tevI rIte bauddha dharmano mobho vadhAravA teo brahmA tathA indra paNa bauddha dharma aMgikAra kare che tema darzAvavAmAM AvyuM che. vaLI, jUnA devone, nirvANanA dhyeyane varelA bauddha bhikSuthI nIcenI kakSA ApIne, svIkAravAmAM AvyAM che. Ama, bauddhadarzananA vikAsanI paraMparA IzvaranI AvazyakatAne anumodana Ape che. bauddha dharmanA pAchaLathI itihAsakALamAM be mahA paMtha paDyA ane temAMno je mahattvano paMtha je "mahAyAna" nAme oLakhAya che, te to mahadaaMze sezvaravAdI che ema lagabhaga badhA ja svIkAre che. mahAyAna paMthamAM gautama buddhane sAkSAta Izvara ke paramezvara mAnI temanI bhakti upAsanAnI vidhi vidhAnovALo bhaktimArgane maLato upAsanA kAMDa pUrNa vistAra pAmyo che. hInayAnamAM ghaNe bhAge ekaluM tattvajJAna (cAra Arya satyo) ane e tattvajJAna prApta karavAnA (nirvANanI anubhUti mATenA) sAdA mArgo jevA ke paMcazIla, aSTazIla, dazazIla ane AryaaSTAMga mArgo ja upadezyA che. mahAyAnamAM vizALa arthamAM ApaNe jene dharma kahIe chIe tenAM saghaLAM tattvo Ave che : jemake, bhakti, yAga, svarga narakAdinI mAnyatA vagere. gautama buddha Izvarano upadeza karyo na hato, balka anIzvara dharma ja upadezyo hato ema kahIe to paNa khoTuM nathI. (IzvaranA prazna upara temaNe mauna sevI-kevaLa nIti ke sadAcAra pradhAna-nivRtti mArgano upadeza Apyo hato.). mahAyAna paMthamAM, buddhadevane Izvara tarIke mAnI emanA aneka avatAronI tathA emanA divya ane nitya svarUpanI bhakti dAkhala thaI; A rIte spaSTa thAya che ke mahAyAna saMpradAya-bhAgavata ke vaiSNava saMpradAyane ghaNI bAbatamAM maLato Ave che . 2010_03

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bauddhadharmamAM parama tattvanI vibhAvanA ane bhakti tattva jema bhAgavata dharmamAM pradhAna sthAne che, ane bhagavAna vAsudeva kRSNa je eka aitihAsika mahAna dharma upadezaka vyakti hatA temane jema paramezvara mAnI temanI pUjAno pracAra temanA pachInA samayamAM thayo tevI ja rIte tathAgaNa gautama buddhane temanA nirvANa pachI mahAyAnanA temanA anuyAyIoe temane IzvaranA avatAra tarIke svIkArI temanI upAsanA bhakti vividha prakAranI pUjA vagere bhAgavata dharmane maLatAM sezvaravAdI tattvo dAkhala karyA. A badhAmAM bhagavAna buddha pratyenI temanI niSThA khAsa dhyAna kheMce che. vaLI bIjuM paNa eka mahattvanuM sezvaravAdI tattva mahAyAnamAM khAsa noMdhavA jevuM che te e che ke saMpradAya khAlI bhAratamAM ja maryAdita na rahetAM bhAratanA sImADA oLaMgI samagra eziyAmAM vyApaka banyo ane dhIme dhIme Aje to teNe vizvadharmanuM svarUpa dhAraNa karyuM che. temAM bodhisatvanuM Adarza sevAnI ane lokakalyANanI bhAvanAthI svIkAryo che. nirvANano je Adarza banne paMthomAM che teno artha khAlI zUnyatva agara nakArAtmaka mokSanI kalpanA nathI. paNa nirvANano vidhayAtmaka (Positive) artha nIce pramANe svIkArAyo che. "tRSNA ane tRSNAmAMthI upajatAM "upAdAna" (viSaya-grahaNa) no nAza thAya, eTale punarjanmana ane punarjanma sAthe joDAyelAM jarA-maraNa vagerenAM duHkho zamI jAya. A du:kha rahita sthiti te nirvANa. nirvANa eTale bUjhAI javuM. manuSyanA hRdayamAM huM paNuM (mithyAbhimAna) ane rAga dveSa vagere je je vRttio saLage che tenuM bUjhAI javuM." A rIte rAgadveSa rahita je cittanI zAnta ane tRSNA ke jagatanA paMca viSayonI vAsanAthI mukta thaI potAnA parama ucca saccidAnaMda svarUpanI parama zAnti ane nIrava AMtarika AnaMda anubhavavo te A nirvANa sthiti ane bhagavadgItAnI sthitaprajJAvasthA" e lagabhaga sarakhI AdhyAtmika anubhavanI ucca sthiti che. A rIte bhagavAna buddhanuM 'nirvANapada' tathA gItAnI sthitaprajJanI "brAhI sthitiH' e bhAratIya sezvaravAdanuM uccatama AdhyAtmika zikhara che. hiMdu dharmanI trimUrtinI mAphaka (brahmA-viSNu-ane ziva) bauddhadharmanA A paMthamAM (1) maMjuzrI (2) avalokitezvara, ane (3) vajapANi-e nAmanA buddhadevanAM traNa svarUpo pUjAya che. maMjuzrI A jJAnanI mUrti che. ane vidyA emanAmAMthI pragaTa thaI che. hiMdu dharmamAM veda brahmAnA mukhamAMthI nIkaLyA kahevAya che te rIte. avalokitezvara e A jagatane avalokanAra-jonAra sarvazaktimAna bodhisatva che. emaNe A ApaNuM jagata utpanna karyuM che ane emanI ja zaktirUpa vajadhAraNa karanAra eka svarUpa te vajadhara ke vajapANi nAme oLakhAya che. - hiMdudharmamAM aneka nAma dharAvatA paNa eka paramezvara che. e prakArano UMDo gupta ekezvaravAda che tema mahAyAna bauddhadharmamAM paNa che. temAM dhyAnano, paropakArano ane upadezano bahu mahimA che ane tethI A traNa kAryane mATe pAMca dhyAnI bodhisatva 2010_03

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48 | vividhA ane pAMca mAnuSI (manuSyarUpa avatarelA) buddha mAnyA che. "amitAbha' athavA amitAba amApa AyuSyavALA buddha bhagavAna) e cothA dhyAnI buddha che. emanA bodhisatva te avalokitezvara ane temanuM manuSya rUpa te gautamabuddha. A sarva buddhonI pAra sarvanuM AdikAraNa-e Adibuddha kahevAya che AcArya zrI dhruva lakhe che ke ekalA saMyamano ane nItino dharma lukho paDe che ane manuSyanA mananuM Izvara mAnavA tarapha svAbhAvika valaNa che. tethI boddhadharmamAM buddhadevanAM A vividharUpo Izvarane sthAne kalpAya ane pUjAya emAM koI navAI nathI. vaLI, dharmanuM athavA dharmarUpI mahA zarIra te "dharmakArya kahevAya che. A jagatanuM AdhArabhUta tattva te "dharmakAya' kahevAya che. upaniSadamAM jene "brahma paramAtmA kahe che. tenI maLatI boddhadharmanA A "dharmakAyanI mAnyatA che. A dharmakAya maitrI ane karUNAthI bharapura che. maitrI (sarva prANI pratye prema) ane karuNA A dharmanAM mukhya tattvo che, ane jema bIjA sezvaravAdI dharmomAM e guNo IzvaranA manAya che, tema bauddha dharmamAM e guNo dharmakAryamAM manAya che. A dharmakAya prANInA kalyANa arthe zarIra grahaNa kare che, tyAre "nirmANakAya' kahevAya che. A "nirmANakAya te hindu bhAgavata dharmamAM jene "avatAra' kahe che te. trIjI "saMbhogakAya che. buddha bhagavAnanuM AnaMdamaya svarUpa te "saMbhogakAya'. hindu bhAgavata dharmanI mAphaka mahAyAnamAM yAtrA, vrata ane evA bIjA vidhi paNa che. 2010_03

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gujarAtI sAhityamAM bauddhadarzanano prabhAva gujarAtI sAhityamAM bauddhadarzanano prabhAva bhUmikA astitvavAda, ebsarDavAda, ati yathArthavAda, AdinI tattvavicAraNAmAM ane yaMtra saMskRtinI yaMtraNAmAM daurmanasyano anubhava karatA arvAcIna kavi paramAtmazraddhA ane kyAreka AtmazraddhA paNa gumAvI de che. tenI sarjaka cetanA svanI abhijJA samajavA-pAmavAnA saphaLa-niSphaLa prayAso karatA kAvyakeDIe pagalAM mAMDe che, tyAre kyAreka pAchaLa pharIne sadIo pahelAMnI pRSThabhUmi para najara mAMDe che. e samayanA vAtAvaraNamAM guMjatA AtmAne prajvalita karatA maMtragAnanA svarone sAMbhaLavA kAna mAMDe che. jIvananI visaMvAditAmAMthI mukti meLavavA te gAMdhIjInI sAthe buddha ane isunI tarapha paNa dRSTi mAMDe che. buddhathI prabhAvita kavio bhagavAna buddhanI karuNA ahiMsA, jagatanAM duHkhonA zamana mATenI temanI mahAna tapasAdhanAe arvAcIna kavione prabhAvita karyA che. buddhanA jIvananA vividha prasaMgo ane temanA upadezonuM sArabhUta tattva aneka kavioe kAvyamAM nirUpyuM che. narasiMharAva diveTiyAe 'buddhacarita'no saLaMga kAvyagraMtha Apyo che. suMdaramanA buddhaviSayaka kAvyo bhAva ane kAvyatattvanI dRSTie saphaLa ane noMdhapAtra banyAM che. 'buddhanAM cakSu'mAM buddhanuM premALa, kAruNyasabhara vyaktittva tAddaza rIte AlekhAyuM che. kAvyano AraMbha atyaMta prabhAvaka che : 'bhale UgyAM viSe nayana namaNAM e prabhu taNAM, UgyAM ne khIlyAM tyAM kiraNakaNI AcherI pragaTI, prabhA tyAM phelAI jagata para divyA muda taNI, hasI sRSTi hAse dala kamalanAM phulla baniyAM' 49 tyAra pachI kavie saMkSepamAM anya avatAronuM nidarzana karAvIne buddhanA avatAranuM rahasya pragaTa karyuM che. 'prabho ! janme janme kara dharI kaMI zastra UtaryA, nakhAtre, daMtAgre damana kariyuM zabda chaLathI, sajyuM ke kodaMDa grahI parazu, cakre citta dharyuM, tame A janme to nayanarasa laI avataryA.' aMtamAM kavi temane bhavya aMjali ApatAM kahe che : 2010_03

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50 vividhA have nA mIMcAzo nayana kadIye je UghaDiyAM', dayAnI gaMgA A parama tapa aMte UtarI te akhaMDA vahetI raho, kaThaNa tapanA siMcana thakI, vaho khaMDa khaMDe prati ura vaho tapta jagane" 'trimUrti kAvyamAM buddhane anulakSIne lakhAyelA kAvyakhaMDamAM buddhanuM jIvanadarzana ane lokasaMgrahArthe temanA samarpita jIvananuM ahobhAvabharyuM nirUpaNa che. dharI A janmathI praNayarasadIkSA, taDaphatuM hatuM je saMtApe jagata dukhiyuM, kilaza raDatuM laI gode bhAryuM hRdayarasanI hUMpha mahIM te vidyA "zAMti" vhAlAM, rudana nahi, buTTI duHkha taNI. praboghA pairya te virala sukhamatro, jagatane nivAryuM hiMsAthI, kuTila vyavahAre saraLatA prasArI.... prabho, tArA maMtro pragaTa banatA je yugayuge, ahiMsA kero A prathama pragaTyo maMtra jagate.' zrI suMdarajI beTAIe 'siddhArthanuM svapna", "zastrasanyAsa' vagere bhagavAna buddhanA jIvanaprasaMgo para AdhArita kAvyo ApyAM che. "tulasIdala'mAM temaNe "dhammapada'nuM bhASAMtara ApyuM che. gujarAtI bhASAmAM kavi kAnta, dhUmaketu vageree paNa pAlibhASAnA bauddhadharmanA sImAcihnarUpa A graMtha "dhammapada'nuM gujarAtI bhASAMtara karyuM che. harizcaMdra bhaTTanA kAvya "buddhanuM citra dorato ajantAno kalAkAra' buddhanI praNayarasa bhInI karuNAthI sabhara AMkhone rekhAomAM utAravA bhagavAna buddhanI ja AziSa mAge che : mane ye tuM Aje tuja nayananA e praNayathI, dayAmUrti ! je abhaya tuja mudrA kara taNI.' siddhArthamAMthI bhagavAna buddha bananAra ane zAkyasiMhamAMthI narasiMharUpe jagakalyANArthe satata kAryaparAyaNa rahenAra bhagavAna buddhanA prema ane ahiMsAnA siddhAMtane jazubhAI paTele bhagavAna buddhane' kAvyamAM biradAvyA che. Aje jayAre pharI hiMsAnAM daLa vAdaLo gherAyAM che tyAre punarjanma laI "na verathI vera zame' maMtranuM punaH prabodhana karavA kavi prArthe che. yuddhathI trasta aMtaranI A vANI aMjalirUpe arpAya cheH 'raho sadA zAnti, na ko dI yuddha, siddhArtha che, he bhagavAna buddha ! 2010_03

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gujarAtI sAhityamAM bauddhadarzanano prabhAva A ja kavinA 'kheDUta' kAvyamAM bhagavAna buddhanI upadezakathAomAMnI eka jemAM teo potAne kheDUta tarIke oLakhAve che ane pote kevA prakAranI khetI karatA hatA tathA temanuM lakSya zuM hatuM te samajAve che - e kathA rajU karavAmAM AvI che. bhagavAna buddha A rIte potAnA kAryane samajAve che : 'zraddhA taNAM bI, varasAda enA pare sadAcAra taNo thatAM to prajJAphaLo mAnasakSetre phUTe ! kukarmalA haLadaMDa mAro, je bAMdhiyo che manadorathI meM.'.... smRti cAbUka mAro, ne smRti e haLanuM phaLa, vizrAnti zAnti che mArI, satya e muja nIMdaNA utsAharUpI baLado vaDe huM, mAruM calAvuM haLa nitya prIte, nirvANa kerI dizA kheDato huM, kheDUta huM, kheDUta sarva rIte !' 'bodhisatva sumedha' vize paNa kavie eka kAvya racyuM che. nAthAlAla davenuM 'yazodharA' kAvya mahAbhiniSkramaNanA prasaMgane nirUpe che. siddhArthano parama aMtarasneha pAmIne jenuM saubhAgya sArthaka thayuM che evI yazodharA nidrAmAMthI jAgRta thatAM patinI khAlI zayyA jotAM stabdha bane che. 'sahIza kyama vahAlI virahane ?' ema pUchatA patinuM mukha tenI dRSTi samakSa Ave che. vAtAyane jaIne e UbhI rahe che paNa kyAMyathI e paricita padadhvani saMbhaLAto nathI, sabhaLAya che kevaLa vizvanI azrudhAre bhIMjAyelI patinI A vANInA paDaghAH 'bhIMjyuM mAruM hRdayatala A vizvanI azrudhAre, peTAvuM huM jIvanadIpa A sRSTinA aMdhakAre.' che. pitA-mAtA, patnI-putra ane rAjyanI sarva samRddhi tyajIne akhila vizvanA kalyANa arthe cAlI nIkaLelA bhagavAna buddhanA hRdayatalamAM vahetI mAnavapremanI saravANInuM citra kavi AgaLu Ape che : 'roke ene kyama parijano ? mAtanAM azrubiMdu ? haiye jene jagatabharanI vedanAno hutAza, 51 bAMdhe ene kyama tanaya ke patnIno snehapAza ? ratne rAjye vibhava mahIM zeM enuM rokAya dhyAna ? vhAluM jene janahRdayanA rAjavI keruM sthAna ? haiye jene punita pragaTyuM vizvakAruNya gAna ?' kAvya yazodharA vizenuM che, paNa emAM gautama buddhanA manogatanuM citra AlekhAyuM 2010_03

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52 vividhA A uparAMta devajI moDhAnuM, potAnI maryAdAnI sImA ullaMghIne gahana aMdhArAmAM dIvaDA peTAvIne laLI laLIne stUpanI AratI utAratI "buddha dAsI'nuM kAvya noMdhapAtra che. Aje cArebAjue phelAI rahelA yuddhanA AtaMkathI trasta mAnavasamAjane zAtA maLI rahe te mATe umAzaMkara jozI gAMdhIjInI ahiMsAnuM smaraNa karIne punaH eka vAra "bAraNe bAraNe buddha nAM darzana karavA utsuka bane che. je upekSAno bhAva keLavIne bhikSu prajJA prAptino adhikArI bane che, te upekSAnuM sahajabhAve thayeluM nirUpaNa yazavaMta trivedInI A paMktiomAM jovA maLe che. nija pudgala pratyeno virala upekSAbhAva ahIM pragaTa thayo che : gaMgAghATe huM ja te mArA asthino laI kuMbha Ubho chuM, o gaMgA lahara lahara thaI Avo ! mArA janma janmanI rAkha taNI bhUkSma laI vahI jAo ! mArA himAlayo nIce pIgaLatA sUrajanAM sonerI jharaNAM vahI jAo !' ahIM mRtyuno viSAda nakhI, svasthabhAve teno svIkAra che. kavi tene AvakAre che. sUryakiraNanA sonerI raMgamAM parivartana pAmatAM jIvananuM A darzana kavicetanAnI Urdhva paripATInI jhAMkhI karAve che. arvAcIna gujarAtI kavi mRtyu vize ciMtana kare che. mRtyuthI udbhavatuM duHkha ane vedanAne vaLoTIne tenuM cira rahasya pAmavA mathe che, paraMtu jIvana-mRtyu pratyeno Avo upekSAbhAva bauddhadarzananI yAda apAve che je "jhera to pIdhAM che jANI jANI' mAM satyakAmanA pAtramAM dekhAya che. pAramitA arthAtu parAkASThAe pahoMcavuM- pAra cAlyA javuM te. bauddhamata anusAra pAramitA AtmazaktinI parama cetanA che. yazavaMta trivedInuM kaMIka asaMgatino AbhAsa Ubho karatuM, purAkalpano, kalpano ane pratIkonI saMkulatA racatuM; chatAM parama arthane pAmavA mathatA kavinA bhItarane rajU karatuM kAvya pAramitA' bauddhadarzananuM smaraNa karAve che. temanuM "mItA' karuNAmUlaka zAzvatI vedanAnuM to "pAramitA' vedanAmukti mATenI cetanAnuM svarUpa che. bodhivRkSanI bhItara poDhelA buddhanA tattvajJAnamAMno zUnyavAda ane kSaNikavAdano ane tenA saMdarbhamAM janmojanmanA vAstavano marma to "cInI rezamI pANInA kozeTAmAMthI nIkaLI'- arthAt sAMpradAyikatAmAMthI mukta thaI javAya to ja samajAya. sthaLa ane samayanI parisasImAone pAra karI zAzvatInI khoja karatA 2010_03

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gujarAtI sAhityamAM bauddhadarzanano prabhAva 53. kavi "pAramitA' no sAtha mAge che. temanI keTalIka kAvyapaMktio A saMdarbhamAM dhyAnArha che : mAre koI duzmano nathI... tamane to hatheLImAM meM bhAgyanI jema sAcavyA che..." "je koI paNa mAnavIne tiraskAre.... te AjathI kavitA na lakhe !' paNa rAghava ! eTaluM jojo ke azvamegha yajJa kAje dhaDabaDATatA tamArA azvonI kharIo have vAge nahi A raMka dharatIne ke nakSatrone.." 'tamArA yajJanuM Rta hajo have na azvamegha, kiMtu ho sahasA saMmukha phUTI AvelI mohinIsvarUpa vizvavedanA-puruSanI prakAza-bhASA ne ho nakSatra-nakSatronI pralaMbita mAna mukharatA." kavi yuddhano-hiMsAno spaSTa virodha kare che. ahIM bhagavAna buddha yajJamAM thatI hiMsAno tyAga karavA sUcavyuM hatuM teno nirdeza che. A kavitAono sthAyIbhAva karuNAmUlaka zAzvatI-vedanA che. temAM karuNA, maitrI ane muditAnI sAthe upekSAno bhAva paNa anubhavAya che. pratihiMsAmAM meM kadAca ahIMnA AkAzane lAla raMgI nAkhyuM hota ! paNa huM vedanAnA Rtane jANuM chuM dareka paMkhInI hatyA vakhate eka kavinuM mRtyu thAya che. eTale to A AkAzamAM meM paMkhIne na mAravAno DhaMDhero pITyo hato dosto ! paNa mArI apratihiMsA karatAM vadhAre Adra che tamAro prema ! tamane to khabareya nathI paNa basasTaoNpanI katAromAM varasAdanAM TIpAM lUchatAM anAvaraNa thaI gayelA tamArA caherAomAM ghaNI vAra 2010_03

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54 gIdaraDuM khabhe nAkhIne pasAra thaI jatA buddhane meM joyA che.' hiMsA ane dveSa nahIM paNa mitratA ane karuNAnuM gAna ahIM saMbhaLAya che. kavi zuM icche che ? .saphALo beTho thaI bodhigayAnA vRkSanI gheraghaTA laI lakSa lakSa yojana lAgI phATaphATa vistarI jaIza tyAre ?...' gautama buddhe jagatamAM mAnavapremanI zItaLa saravANIne vahetI karIne vera ane IrSyAnA agnine zAMta karavA maitrIbhAvanuM je mAhAtmya darzAvyuM che te ahIM ullekhanIya che. buddhe maitrIbhAvanAnuM mahattva darzAvatA kahyuM hatuM ke 'saMsAranA samasta prANIo utpanna ke utpanna thanAra sukhapUrvaka vihAra kare. koI paNa koInI vaMcanA athavA apamAna na kare. vaimanasya athavA virodhane kAraNe ekabIjAne mATe duHkhanI icchA na kare. jevI rIte mAtA potAnA jIvananI thoDI paNa ciMtA karyA vagara ekanA eka priya putranI rakSA kare che, tevI rIte manuSyo sarva prANIo pratye asIma premanI-maitrInI bhAvanA rAkhe.' vividhA 'yathA'pi paThavI nAma nikhitaM asurci surci upekati Ubhopete kopAnunaya vijjatA, tatheva tvampi sukhadukhe tulAbhUtA sadA bhava upekSA pArimAM gattvA saMbodhiM pApuNissasI.' bodhiprApti mATe avaira ane premanI bhAvanAnI keLavaNI sAthe sukhadu:khamAM samAnadarzI rahIne upekSAbhAva keLavavAno bodha paNa temaNe Apyo che. khUba suMdara dRSTAMta dvArA te A upekSAbhAvanuM mahattva samajAve che. - 'jevI rIte pRthvI potAnI upara pheMkavAmAM AvelI pavitra ke apavitra vastuo pratye prasannatA ke krodharahita upekSAbhAva rAkhe che tevI rIte tame paNa sukhadu:kha pratye samAnadarzI banIne upekSAnI parAkASThA prApta karIne buddhapada prApta karazo.' 2010_03 A upekSAbhAvanuM nirUpaNa ApaNe yazavaMta trivedInAM kAvyomAM joyuM. rASTravyApI ahiMsaka svAtaMtryalaDate aneka gujarAtI sAhityakArone navesarathI satya ane ahiMsAnuM mUlya samajAvyuM che. zrI ramaNalAla va. desAI ane 'darzaka' manubhAI paMcoLInI navalakathAmAM, A vANIno pratidhvani vAraMvAra sAMbhaLavA maLe che. temaNe AtmasAta karelA satya, ahiMsA ane premanA saMdezanuM nirUpaNa temanI kRtiomAM thayeluM jovA maLe che.

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gujarAtI sAhityamAM bauddhadarzanano prabhAva yuddhoe jagatanuM kazuM ja bhaluM karyu nathI, ema pratyeka yuddhe sAbita karyuM hovA chatAM yuddhanI paraMparA cAlu rAkhatA zAsako ane sattAnA saMdarbhamAM zrI. 2.va.desAIe 'pralaya' navalakathAmAM eka navI ja vicArasaraNI rajU karI che. yuddhanI bhayaMkara vinAzakatAno tAddaza anubhava karAvatAM varNano ane yuddhavirAmanI anivAryatA samajAvatI A navalakathAmAM tenA nAyake navIna samAjaracanA mATe taiyAra karelA dastAvejamAM je kalamo lakhI che te mananIya che : '...vijJAna ane rAjavahIvaTe yuddhano, yuddhanAM sAdhanono-zasro, sainiko tathA kArakhAnAMono sarvAMgI bahiSkAra karavo. rASTrasaMkalana mAtra vyavasthA maTI yuddhapreraka bane to rASTravAda paNa javo joIe...' 'mAnavIne yuddha na zobhe... ...' nI prabaLa anubhUti karAvatI navalakathA 'pralaya' e navA samAjamAM 'mAnavI mAnavatAne ja vaphAdAra, rAjyaaMkuza samagra mAnavatAno, deza, rASTra ke viziSTa prajAno nahIM..' ema spaSTa samajAve che. 'jagatamAMthI vera, jhera, krodha ke khUna adazya thavAM joIe.' sarjanamAM saMhAra na hoya' tathA 'AkhuM jagata mitra bane'nI bhAvanAne nirUpatI navalakathA 'kSitija'mAM lekhake 'AkhuM jagata bauddhadharma svIkAre' evuM spaSTa sUcana mUkyuM che. e bauddhadharmano mArga eTale '...eka ja ahiMsAmaya dharma, eTale parama zAMti, nirvANanA mArge saraLatAbharyuM prayANa...' 55 bauddhadharmanI A maMgalamayatAnuM darzana karAvavAnI sAthe navalakathAkAre mahA samartha bauddha tAntrika paricaya dvArA te dharmanI thayelI avanati tarapha paNa aMgulinirdeza karyo che. zakti-upAsanAnI gUDha, bhayAnaka ana bIbhatsa kriyAo dvArA AsapAsanA vAtAvaraNane bhayajanaka banAvanAra siddhanI zakti ane siddhio bauddhadharmanA tAntrika svarUpane rajU kare che. 'grAmalakSmI'mAM maheru jevA bahAravaTiyAne azvina prema ane vizvAsathI jItI le che, tyAM prema ja sarvavijayI hovAnI pratIti thAya che ane gautama buddhe aMgulimAla jevA bhayAnaka krUra vyaktinuM je mAnasaparivartana karyuM hatuM tenuM smaraNa karAve che. A samagra navalakathAmAM tyAga, baMdhutva, mAnavatA ane prANImAtra pratye samAna dRSTi rAkhanAra premabhAvanuM ja saphaLa rIte Alekhana thayuM che. to 'bhArelo agni' navalakathAnA kathAnAyaka rudradattanI eka ja mahAtvAkAMkSA che, 'duniyAne zastrarahita karavI, agara duniyAmAMthI cAlyA javuM'. bhagavAna buddha prANIonA nisAsA paNa sahana karI zakatA na hatA. temanI guphAomAM ja asaMkhya mAnavIono saMhAra karI zakAya eTalAM zastra-astro ane dArUgoLo saMtADanAra rudradatta svAnubhave ja yuddhanI vibhiSikAne samajyA hatA ane ahiMsAne jIvanamaMtra banAvyo hato. 2010_03

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56 vividhA copAsa saLagI UThelA yuddhanA vAtAvaraNamAM paNa potAnA sazakta yuvAna ane aneka zastra-astro vAparI zakanAra mAnasaputra jevA ziSyane e kahe che : "dIkarA, paNa le ke koI divasa hathiyAra na jhAlavuM'. vera-jhera, zastra, hiMsA ane zatrubhAvane e sarvathA tyAjyA gaNatA. mRtyune mukha sAme nihALe che te samayano temanA ziSya sAtheno A saMvAda noMdhapAtra che. rudradattano ziSya yaMbaka temane kahe che : "mArA guru upara hAtha upADanArano saMhAra karIne huM zastra vegaLuM mUkI daIza." tarata rudradatta kahe che : jA ghelA, rudradattanuM tarpaNa vera laIne thAya?" tyAre zI rIte thAya ?' hAthamAMthI zastra tyajIne ane manamAMthI jhera tyajIne, e paNa je le te mArA dehane agnidAha kare; e paNa lenAra koI na maLe to mArA dehane emano ema choDI dejo..." rudradattanA A zabdo bauddhadarzananA saMdarbhe paNa mananIya che. yuddhanI bhayaMkaratA samajAvatA A navalakathAmAM zrI ra.va.desAIe eka mULabhUta vicAra rajU karyo che : mAnavI pazu na bane to tane zastranI jarUra zI che ?' mAnavIe pazu na banavuM arthAt tAmasika vRttio upara, sarva prakAranI tRSNAo upara vijaya meLavavo. sarva prakAranAM sukhadu:khathI para banIne parama prajJAne prApta karIne viharavuM e ja ekamAtra mArga che - mAnavajAtanA vijayano-je bhagavAna buddha vAraMvAra upadezyo che. - zrI ramaNalAla desAInI navalakathAo prema, ahiMsA, satyano saMdeza ApavAnI sAthe yuddhanI pravRtti aTakAvI devAnI satata himAyata kare che. tevI ja rIte zrI manubhAI paMcoLI- darzake - "dIpanirvANa" ane "jhera to pIdhAM che jANI jANI'mAM vizvavyApI mAnavapremanuM nirUpaNa bauddhadharmanA saMdarbhamAM ja kareluM jovA maLe che. dIpanirvANa' mAM bauddhakAlIna gaNarAjyonAM varNana sAthe mAnavamananI vRttionuM parimArjana thatAM anubhavAtI zAMta prasannatAnuM mananIya Alekhana che. jhera to pIdhAM che jANI jANI' to prasiddha vivecaka zrI DolararAya mAMkaDa tenI prastAvanAmAM jaNAve che te pramANe 'bauddhadharmanA mahAyAna paMthamAM je batAvelI cAra brahmavihAro maitrI, karuNA muditA ane upekSAnI bhAvanA upara ja. "...jhera to pIdhAM che jANI jANI'nI navalakathA gUMthI che. mAnavavikAsanAM vyakti tema ja samaSTinAM A cAra pagathiyAM che. mAnavajIvanamAM Avo vikAsa zakya che te batAvavAne manubhAIe A navalakathA lakhI che; huM to Ane A dRSTie jouM chuM." 2010_03

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gujarAtI sAhityamAM bauddhadarzanano prabhAva 57 navalakathAnAM mukhya pAtro gopALabApA, rohiNI ane satyakAmamAM to A bhAvanAono spaSTa vikAsa joI zakAya che. hemaMtane sarpa daMza de che, tyAre tenuM jhera cUsI letI rohiNImAM A maitrI ane karuNAnI bhAvanAno sau prathama paricaya maLe che. tenA A guNano vikAsa thavAno che ema lekhaka AraMbhathI ja sUcave che. vADInAM pazupaMkhI paNa tenI sAthe tadAkAratA anubhave che. berisTara, rekhA, azruta badhAMnI sAthe te maitrI ane karuNAnA stara para ja vihare che. muditA ane upekSAnI bhAvanAno vikAsa tenAmAM thayo nathI. satyakAma jatAM teno AnaMda lopa pAme che, kartavyanA bhAnathI te sarva kAryo kare che, paraMtu tenAmAM muditA nathI. hemaMta sAthenA lagnamAM paNa karuNAno bhAva che. A anAsakti ane upekSAno bhAva gopALabApA pachI satyakAmamAM vikaselo joI zakAya che. gaMgAnadInA aphATa jaLarAzimAM nIce ne nIce Utarato jato satyakAma potAno anubhava varNavatA kahe che : "motanI najIka to huM avAranavAra gayo chuM, paNa te divase je "nirbhayatA hatI, te jANe virala hatI. huM jANe koI bIjAne DUbato joI rahyo hato. temAM jANe jovAno AnaMda Avato hato.' A upekSAvRttinuM spaSTa dRSTAMta che. hemaMtanI prakRti paNa ati sAtvika che. IsunA jIvanasaMdeze jIvatI krizcAInamAM maitrI, karuNA, muditA, upekSAe dareka dharma mUrta thayo che. tenuM AkhuM jIvana samarpita che. bhagavAna buddhanI prazasti ane temaNe darzAvelA madhyama mArga vizenA vaoNlTara rethanyunA A zabdo noMdhapAtra che. : "buddha ! ahoho ! zuM mahAprajJa puruSa ! vistIrNa mahAvRkSa ! emanI viralatA e che ke teo jagatano svIkAra paNa kare che. huM dhAruM chuM ke buddha e pahelA mahApuruSa che ke jemaNe duniyAnAM sukhono samULago nakAra karyo nathI. chatAM dunyavI sukhonI pAchaLa paDIne tene duHkhamAM palaTI nAkhavA sAme paNa temaNe cetavaNI ApI che. madhyama mArganI vAta sAcI che. paraMtu lokone saMpUrNa virodha paNa samajAya che ane saMpUrNa zaraNAgati paNa svIkArya che paNa AMzika svIkAra ane AMzika asvIkAra temane samajAtAM nathI." mAnavatAnA vahetA jharaNA samI 'darzaka'nI A navalakathAmAM sthavira zAMtimatie satyakAmanA hRdayamAM pragaTAvelI bauddhadharmanI jyotino prakAza yuddhagrasta vizvane prema ane zAMtino saMdeza Ape che. gujarAtI nibaMdha, nATaka ane anya sAhityamAM paNa bauddhadharmano prabhAva joI zakAya che. temAM mukhyatve bhagavAna buddhanAM jIvanacaritro, bauddhadarzana vizenAM pustako ane "dharmopada' vagere keTalAMka graMthonA anuvAdo noMdhapAtra che. gautama buddha udabodhelI ahiMsA ane vizALa mAnavaprema vizenI bhAvanA to aneka sAhityika kRtiomAM pratibiMbita thayelI che. 2010_03

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58 aMgulimAla sUtra (anuvAda) meM A pramANe sAMbhaLyuM : eka samaye bhagavAna zrAvastImAM anAtha-piMDikanA ArAma jetavanamAM vihAra karI rahyA hatA. te samaye rAjA prasenajitanA rAjyamAM, eka bhayaMkara, raktathI raMgAyelA hAthavALo, hatyA karavAmAM saMlagna ane manuSyo tathA prANIo pratye ati nirdaya vyavahAra karanAra aMgulimAla nAmano lUMTAro aneka prakAranA atyAcAra karato hato. teNe gAma, pradezo ane janapadone ujjaDa karI nAkhyAM hatAM. te samaye bhagavAna madhyAhna veLAe vastra dhAraNa karIne pAtra-cIvara laIne zrAvastImAM bhikSA mATe pravezyA. zrAvastImAM bhikSA grahaNa karIne, bhojanavidhi patAvIne zayanAsana laIne, jyAM DAku aMgulimAla raheto hato te mArga para AgaLa vadhyA. govALo, pazupAlako, kRSako ane pathikoe bhagavAnane aMgulimAlanA nivAsa taraphanA mArge jatA joyA. te ja joIne temaNe kahyuM : vividhA 'he zramaNa, A mArge na jAo ! A mArgamAM aMgulimAla nAmano DAku rahe che. teNe gAma pradezo ane janapadone ujjaDa karI nAkhyAM che. te manuSyone mArIne temanI AMgaLIonI mALA banAvIne pahere che. he zramaNa, A mArga upara vIsa vIsa, cALIsa ke pacAsa puruSo bhegA maLIne paNa AgaLa jaI zakatA nathI. jAya to aMgulimAlanA atyAcArano bhoga banI jAya che.' A sAMbhaLIne paNa bhagavAna mauna dhAraNa karIne AgaLa vadhatA rahyA. govALo, kheDUto, rAhagIro vageree bIjIvAra ane trIjIvAra kahevA chatAM bhagavAna AgaLa vadhyA. DAku aMgilamAle dUrathI ja bhagavAnane AvatA joyA. joIne teNe vicAryuM ke aho ! adbhuta, A rastA upara dasa, vIsa ke pacAsa puruSo paNa sAthe maLIne AvavAnI hiMmata karatA nathI ane Ave che to mArA hAthamAM sapaDAI.jAya che ane A zramaNa ekalo, koIne paNa sAthe rAkhyA vagara, mArI avagaNanA karIne sAme cAlyo Ave che. A zramaNane huM zA mATe jAnathI na mArI nAkhuM ? aMgulimAla Ama vicArIne DhAla-talavAra laIne, dhanaSya 52 tIra caDhAvIne bhagavAnanI pAchaLa pAchaLa cAlavA lAgyo. tyAre bhagavAne potAnuM yogabaLa pragaTa karyuM. DAku aMgulimAla vegathI doDavA chatAM sAmAnya gatithI cAlatA bhagavAnane pakaDI zakato na hato. tethI aMgulimAle Azcarya anubhavyuM. Azcarya adbhuta ! pahelAM to tuM doDatA hAthIne, ghoDAne, mRgane paNa pakaDI pADato hato ane Aje vegathI doDavA chatAM A sAmAnya gatithI cAlatA zramaNa sudhI huM pahoMcI zakato nathI.' te Ubho rahI gayo ane bhagavAnane saMbodhIne bolyo : 2010_03

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aMgulimAla sUtra pa9 he, zramaNa Ubho rahe !' "he aMgulimAla, huM to sthira Ubhelo ja chuM paNa tuM sthiratArahita chuM." tyAre aMgulimAle vicAryuM ke bahudhA A zAkyaputrIya zramaNo satyavAdI, satya pratijJAvALA hoya che paraMtu A zramaNa cAle che chatAM kahe che ke "huM Ubhelo chuM !" to huM e zramaNane ja zA mATe na pUchuM ? tyAre aMgulimAle gAthAomAM bhagavAnane kahyuM : "zramaNa ! gatimAna hovA chatAM "sthita chuM' ema kahe che. huM je sthira Ubho chuM tene "asthita' kahe che, zramaNa tane A vAta pUchuM chuM, tuM kevI rIte sthita ane huM kevI rIte asthita chuM ?' aMgulimAla, sarva prANIo pratyenA dveSano tyAga karavAthI huM 'sthita' chuM. ane prANIo pratyenuM tAruM vartana asaMyamI hovAthI tuM "a-sthita chuM." A sAMbhaLIne aMgulimAla stabdha banI gayo ! "mane maharSinuM pUjana karatA vilaMba thayo. A zramaNa mahAvanamAM maLI gayo. tethI hu A dharmayukta gAthA sAMbhaLIne dIrghakALanAM pApakarmono tyAga karuM chuM." A pramANe kahIne DAkue talavAra ane hathiyAra choDIne pravAhamAM ane nALAmAM pheMkI dIdhAM. DAkue sugatanI caraNavaMdanA karI ane tyAM ja temanI pAse pravajayA mAgI. buddha je karuNAmaya maharSi ane deva-manuSyonA zAstA che, teo bolyA, "Ava, bhikSu che ane tyAM te saMnyAsI banyo. tyArabAda aMgulimAlane anugAmI zramaNa tarIke rAkhIne bhagavAna zrAvastImAM cArikA mATe pravezyA. zrAvastImAM bhagavAna anAthapiDikanA ArAma jetavanamAM vihAra karatA hatA. te samaye rAjA prasenajitanA mahelanA dvAra pAse ghaNA loko ekatrita thayA hatA. tyAM ghaNo kolAhala thayo hato- "he rAjA, tArA rAjamAM bhayaMkara, raktathI raMgelA hAthavALo, prANIo ane manuSyo nI hatyA karanAra, dUra evo DAku aMgulimAla rahe che. eNe aneka grAmo, nagaro ane janapadone ujjaDa karI nAkhyAM che. te manuSyone mArI nAkhIne AMgaLIonI mALA pahere che. he rAjA ! tame ene roko !' tyAre rAjA prasenajita kosala pAMcaso ghoDesvAro sAthe madhyAhle zrAvastImAMthI nIkaLIne jetavana ArAmamAM gayA. jyAM sudhI ratha jaI zakato hato tyAM sudhI rathamAM jaIne pachI rathamAMthI UtarIne cAlIne bhagavAnanI samIpe gayA. bhagavAnane abhivAdana karIne eka bAjue beThA. rAjA prasenajitane bhagavAne kahyuM : "he mahArAja, tAre rAjA mAgadha zreNika biMbisAra sAthe duzmanAvaTa UbhI thaI ke vaizAlika licchivIo sAthe ? ke pachI bIjA koI rAjA sAthe ?' 2010_03

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FO vividhA 'bhanta ! mAre magadhanareza ke vaizAlika licchivIo ke anya koI rAjAo sAthe duzmanAvaTa UbhI thaI nathI. mArA rAjyamAM aMgulimAla nAmano bhayaMkara DAku rahe che, teno nAza karavA huM jaI rahyo chuM." - "he mahArAja, jo tuM aMgulimAlane dADhI-mUMchanuM muMDana karAvelo, kASAya vastro dhAraNa karelo, gRhatyAga karIne pravajita thayelo, prANa-hiMsA-virata, adattAdAnavirata, mRSAvAdavirata, ekAhArI, brahmacArI, zIlavAna ane dharmAtmAnA rUpamAM jue to tAro pratyAghAta kevo hoya ?' he bhatte, ame to teno Adara satkAra karIe. tene Asana, cIvara, piMDapAta, zayanAsana, glAna-pratyaya, bheSajaya, auSadhiya sAdhano mATe nimaMtraNa ApIzuM. enA dharmakAryanI rakSA karIzuM paraMtu he bhatte ! evo ati duzcaritra, pApI evo aMgulimAla Avo zIlavAna ane saMyamI kevI rIte banaze ?' te samaye AyuSyamAna aMgulimAla bhagavAnanI najIka ja beTho hato. bhagavAne teno jamaNo hAtha pakaDIne kahyuM : "he rAjA, A ja che aMgulimAla !' A sAMbhaLIne rAjA prasenajita bhayabhIta banI gayo. stabdha thayo ane tenAM saMvADAM UbhAM thaI gayAM, tyAre bhagavAne rAjAne kahyuM : "he mahArAja ! bhayabhIta na thAva ! Daro nahi, have enAthI bhaya rAkhavAnuM koI kAraNa nathI.' te sAMbhaLIne rAjA prasenajita kozalano. bhaya dUra thaI gayo. te AyuSyamAna aMgulimAla pAse gayo ane pUchyuM : "tuM Arya aMgulimAla che ?" hA, mahArAja !' 'tArA pitA kayA gotranA hatA ? ane mAtA kayA gotranI hatI ? mahArAja ! pitAnuM mAgyuM ane mAtAnuM gotra maitrAyaNI hatuM.' Arya gAgR-maitrAyaNI putra abhiramaNa kare ! huM Arya gAgya-maitrAyaNI putranI cIvara, piMDapAta, zayAnAsana, glAna-pratyaya-bheSajaya vagerathI sevA karIza." te samaye AyuSyamAna aMgulimAla AraNyaka, piMDapAtika, pAMsa-kUlika, tricIrika hatA. temaNe rAjAne kahyuM : mahArAja, mArI pAse traNe cIvara che." tyAre rAjA prasenajita kosala jayAM bhagavAna hatA, tyAM gayA. tyAM jaIne bhagavAnane abhivAdana karIne eka bAjue beThA ane bhagavAnane kahyuM : - "Azcarya bhatte ! adbhuta bhajo ! he bhatte ! kevI rIte bhagavAna adAMtanuM damana kare che, azAMtane zAMta banAve che, je parinivRtta nathI tene parinirvANane mArge laI jAya che ? bhagavAna ! jene ame daMDathI ke zastrathI paNa vaza karI zakyA nahi, tene 2010_03

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aMgulimAla sUtra tame zastra vagara parAjita karI zakyA. bhale bhatte ! have huM jaIza. haju ghaNAM kartavyo karavAnA bAkI che." "mahArAja ! tane jema yogya lAge tema kara !' tyAre rAjA prasenajita AsanethI UThIne, bhagavAnane abhivAdana karIne pradakSiNA karIne tyAMthI cAlyA gayA. tyAre AyuSyamAna aMgulimAle pUrvAhna samaye pAtra-cItara laIne zrAvastImAM bhikSA levA mATe praveza karyo. zrAvastImAM koI eka sthaLe vadhu samaya rokAyA sivAya bhikSA letAM letAM AyuSyamAna aMgulimAle eka mRta garbhane dhAraNa karelI strIne joI. tene joIne aMgulimAle vicAryuM : "are, prANIo du:kha bhogavI rahyAM che ! are, prANIo du:kha bhogavI rahyAM che !" aMgulimAla bhikSATana karIne bhojanavidhi patAvIne jayAM bhagavAna hatA tyAM gayo. temane abhivAdana karIne eka bAjue besIne kahyuM : bhagavAna, huM pUrvAhna samaye zrAvastImAM bhikSA mATe pravezyo tyAre mRta garbhane dhAraNa karelI eka strIne joI. tene jovAthI mane vicAra Avyo ke "are, prANIo du:kha bhogavI rahyAM che ! are, prANIo du:kha bhogavI rahyAM che !' to aMgulimAla, jayAM te strI che tyAM jA ! tyAM jaIne e strIne kahe, "he bhaginI ! jo meM janmathI ja prANIvadha karavAnuM na jANyuM hoya to te satyathI tAruM maMgaLa thAva, garbhanuM maMgaLa thAva." bhatte ! huM A pramANe karyuM to to huM jANIne ja jUThuM bolyo chuM ema gaNAze. bhajo, meM jANIne ja ghaNAM prANIono vadha kyo che." "aMgulimAla, tuM jayAM e strI che, tyAM jA. jaIne kahe, "he bhaginI, jo meM Arya janma dhAraNa karIne, jANI-samajIne meM prANIvadha na karyo hoya to A satyane kAraNe tAruM maMgaLa thAva ! garbhanuM maMgaLa thAva ! "sAruM bhatte !" kahIne AyuSyamAna aMgulimAla te strI pAse gayo ane uparokta vacano kahyAM, tethI strI ane garbhanI surakSA thaI. AyuSyamAna aMgulimAle ekAkI, apramata ane saMyamapUrvaka vihAra karatAM karatAM thoDA ja samayamAM, jene mATe kulaputro gRhatyAga karIne pravajayA dhAraNa kare che, te sarvottama brahmacarya-phaLane prApta karIne, A janmamAM svayaM jANIne, sAkSAtkAra karIne viharavA lAgyA. "janmano kSaya thayo, brahmacaryapAlana karI lIdhuM, je karavAnuM hatuM te karI lIdhuM, have ahIM kazuM kartavya rahyuM nathI- ema jANI lIdhuM. AyuSyamAna aMgulimAla 2010_03

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62 vividhA ahaMtomAMnA eka banyA. AyuSyamAna aMgulimAla pUrvAhna samaye pAtra-cIvara laIne zrAvastImAM bhikSA mATe pravezyA tyAre koI bIjAe pheMkelo DhekhALo temanA zarIra para vAgyo. koIe mArelI lAkaDI temane vAgI ke zarIra para kAMkarAnA ghA thavA lAgyA. tyAre jenA zarIramAMthI rakta vahI rahyuM che, mastakamAM ghA vAgyo che, jenuM pAtra tUTI gayuM che, saMghATI phATI gaI che, tevA AyuSyamAna aMgulimAla bhagavAna pAse AvyA. bhagavAne dUrathI ja temane AvatA joyA ane kahyuM : brAhmaNa ! te A mAra, AghAto sahana karI lIdhA ! brAhmaNa te A AghAto sahana karI lIdhA. je karmaphaLane mATe anekAneka hajAro varSa narkanI yAtanA bhogavavI paDe te karmavipAka tuM A janmamAM ja bhogavI rahyo chuM." tyAre AyuSyamAna aMgulimAle ekAMtamAM dhyAnAvasthita thaIne vimuktisukhano anubhava karatAM karatAM te ja samaye A su-vacano kahyAM : je pahelAM arjita kare che, pachI tenuM mArjana kare che te meghathI mukta caMdramAnI jema A jagatane prakAzita kare che. jenAM pApakarmo puNyakAryathI nAza pAme che, te meghathI mukta caMdramAnI jema A jagatane prakAzita kare che. saMsAramAM je taruNa bhikSu buddha zAsanamAM joDAya che. te meghathI mukta caMdramAnI jema A jagatane prakAzita kare che. dizAo mArI dharmakathAne svIkAre, je saMta puruSo dharmano ja pracAra kare che tenuM dizAo sevana kare. dizAo mArA zAMtivAdIo, maitrI-prazaMsakonA dharmane samaya samaya para sAMbhaLe ane te anusAra vyavahAra kare. te mane athavA bIjA koIne paNa haNaze nahi, te parama zAMtine pAmIne sthAvara-jaMgamanI rakSA karaze. jevI rIte mazakavALA pANI laI jAya che, bANa banAvanAra bANane sIdhuM kare che, suthAra lAkaDAne cholIne upayogane yogya banAve che, " tevI rIte paMDito potAnuM damana kare che. koI daMDathI damana kare, koI zastra ke cAbukathI ! tathAgata dvArA huM daMDa ke zastra ke cAbuka vagara ja damita (vazamAM) karAyo chuM. pahelA huM "hiMsaka' nAme oLakhAto hato. Aje huM ahiMsaka chuM. 2010_03

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aMgulimAla sUtra Aje mAruM nAma yathArtha che, huM koInI paNa hiMsA karato nathI. pahelAM huM aMgulimAla nAmano prasiddha cora hato. dhasamasatA pUramAM DUbI jato huM buddhanA zaraNamAM Avyo chuM. pahelAM huM aMgulimAla nAmathI prasiddha, raktathI raMgAyelA hAthavALo hato. paNa have zaraNAgatinuM phaLa juo ! bhava-jALa saMkelAI gaI che. durgati karAvanArAM aneka pApakarmonA phaLathI lipta evo huM, Aje karmavipAkathI mukta banIne bhojana karuM chuM. mUrkha manuSyo pramAdI banI jAya che, medhAvI puruSo udyogIpaNAnI, uttama dhananI jema rakSA kare che. pramAdI na bano. kAma ane tRSNAno saMga na karo. satata udyoganirata rahIne dhyAna karanAra puruSa vipula sukha prApta kare che. ahIM mAruM Agamana kalyANakArI che, akalyANakArI nathI, A mArI maMtraNA durbhatraNA nathI. jJAnaprApti karAvanAra dharmamAM je zreSTha che te nirvANa meM meLavI lIdhuM che. mAruM ahIM Agamana kalyANakArI che, akalyANakArI nathI, A mArI durmatraNA nathI, meM traNa vidyAo prApta karI lIdhI che, buddhanA zAsananuM pAlana karI lIdhuM che. 2010_03

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64 vividhA prAcIna gaNarAjyonA saMdarbhamAM lokakartutva vizenI gautama buddhanI vibhAvanA arvAcIna rAjayanItijJoe saramukhatyArazAhI, rAjAzAhI ema vividha prakAranI rAjayavyavasthAnuM paryAvekSaNa karIne vyakti ane samaSTino utkarSa lokazAhI paraMparAthI cAlatI rAjyavyavasthAmAM nihALyo che. bhArata jevA vizALa dezamAM nAnAM gAmaDAMonA adanA nAgarika potAnA haka tathA pharaja pratye jAgrata ane sakriya rahIne zAsanavyavasthAmAM bhAga laI zake tevI vyasthA paMcAyatI rAja dvArA sUcavavAmAM AvI che. vartamAnanI A ApaNI rAjyavyavasthAne atItanA saMdarbhamAM atre rajU karavAmAM AvI che. ApaNA itihAsa ane saMskRtinA suvarNa akSare lakhAyelAM pAnAMono pharI ekavAra abhyAsa karIzuM to jaNAze ke, lokonuM, loko vaDe ane loko mATenuM (of the People, by the People and for the People) 2014 g 241431 kahIe chIe tevI jIvaMta zAsanaparaMparAne ApaNAM prAcIna gaNarAjyomAM anusaravAmAM AvatI hatI. paraMtu A zAsanaparaMparA tyAM sudhI ja saphaLa banI rahI, jayAM sudhI gautama buddha prerita lokakartutvanI AjanA saMdarbhamAM kahIe to nAgarikonI pharajanI bhAvanA tatkAlIna prajAmAM sarvathA jAgRta hatI. gautama buddha kevaLa eka dharmopadezaka ja na hatA. A mahAmAnava eka manovaijJAnika samAjazAstranA jANakAra ane mahAna rAjanItijJa paNa hatA. bahujana sukhAya, bahujana hitAya dharmopadeza karanAra gautama buddhanI lokakalyANanI bhAvanA atyaMta prabaLa hatI. eTale dharmanI sAthe sAmAjika ane rAjakIya rIte paNa te krAMtikArI banI rahyA hatA. te pote paNa rAjavI putra hatA ane buddhatva prApta karyA pachI aneka rAjAo temanuM mArgadarzana meLaLavA AvatA hatA. eTale lokakalyANanA saMdarbhamAM Adarza rAjayavyavasthA kevI hovI joIe, teno paNa temaNe vicAra karyo hato. rAjyavyavasthAno Adarza caritArtha karavA lokasamUha paNa kevo tatpara hovo joIe te vizenA emanA vicArI bahu mahattvanA che. e aMgeno eka prasaMga noMdhapAtra che, mananIya che. magadha dezanI uttare vajajI nAmanA mahAjanonuM baLavAna rAjya hatuM. teo licchavI tarIke paNa oLakhAtA. gaNarAjyanI zAsanapraNAlI tyAM pravartatI hatI. magadhanA te samayanA rAjA ajAtazatrune A pradeza para yuddha karavAnI ane tyAM potAnI sattA sthApavAnI icchA jAgI. paraMtu te pahelAM teNe potAnA varSamAra nAmanA brAhmaNamaMtrIne kahyuM ke 'licchavIo 2010_03

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prAcIna gaNarAjyonA saMdarbhamAM lokakartRtva vizenI gautama buddhanI... 5 sAthenA A yuddha vize gautama budadhano abhiprAya paNa jANavo jarUrI che. tethI tuM buddha pAse jA, ane emano pratibhAva jANI le.' ajAtazatrunI AjJA pramANe varSakAra brAhmaNa gRdhrakuTa parvata upara gautama buddhanI pAse gayo ane temane rAjA ajAtazatruno vicAra jaNAvyo. te samaye gautama buddhano ziSya AnaMda temane paMkho nAkhato hato. gautama buddha, tAtkAlika rIte varSakAra brAhmaNanA praznono javAba ApavAne badale AnaMdane prazna pUchavA lAgyA : 'kinti te Ananda ! sutaM, vajI abhiNhaM sannipAtA sannipAtabahulA ti ?' 'AnaMda zuM te sAMbhaLyuM che ke vajjIo sabhA-samiti yojIne ekamata thaIne rAjyanA nItiniyamo vize vicAraNA kare che ?' AnaMda kahe che : 'sutaM me taM ! bhante vavajI abhiNhaM sannipAtAM sannipAtabahulA' ti / ' 'hA, bhatte ! meM sAMbhaLyuM che ke vajjIo rAjayanA nItiniyamo vize vAraMvAra ekatra thaIne carcAvicAraNA kare che.' tyAre gautama buddha kahe che : 'yAvakiMvacca Ananda ! vaDajI abhiNhaM sannipAtA sannipAtabahulA bhavissanti, vRddhiyeva Ananda ! vaDajInaM pATikAMkhA no parihAni / ' 'AnaMda, jyAM sudhI vajjIo ekatra thaIne rAjyanA nItiniyamo vize carcAvicAraNA karaze, tyAM sudhI temanI vRddhi ja thaze, hAni thaze nahIM.' A pramANe gautama buddha sAta 'aparihAniyA dhammA' (hAni nahIM karanArA dharma) vize AnaMda sAthe praznottarI kare che, je dharmonA pAlanathI vajjIono utkarSa ja thaze ema gautama buddha niHsaMzayapaNe kahe che. te A pramANe che. buddha AnaMdane AgaLa pUche che : 'AnaMda, zuM teM sAMbhaLyuM che ke vajjIo eka ja samUharUpe sabhAnuM Ayojana kare che ane ekasAthe ja vikharAya che ? ane ekasarakhI rIte ja vajjIonAM kartavyo kare che ?' AnaMda javAba Ape che ke, hA, vajjIo ekasAthe ja sabhAmAM ekatra thAya che, ekasAthe ja chUTA paDIne vikharAI jAya che ane ekasAthe ja badhA potAnAM kartavyo kare che. gautama buddha saMtoSa vyakta karIne trIjA dharma vize pUche che ke, he AnaMda, zuM teM sAMbhaLyuM che ke vajjIo kAyadAonuM ayogya rIte to arthaghaTana nathI karatA ne ? je yogya artha che teno uccheda to karatA nathI ne ? ane je purANA nItiniyamo svIkRta 2010_03

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66 vividhA thayelA che, tenuM pAlana to kare che ne? AnaMdano saMtoSaprada pratyuttara jANIne gautama buddha cothA dharma vize pUche che : AnaMda, zuM teM sAMbhaLyuM che ke vastuo temanA vRddha-vaDIlono satkAra kare che ke temane mAna Ape che, temanuM pUjana kare che ane temanI vAtane vicAraNIya mAne che ?' AnaMda jaNAve che ke vastuo temanA vRddha-vaDIlono saMpUrNa Adara kare che. tyAra bAda gautama buddha pAMcamAM aparihAniya dharma vize kahe che : AnaMda, vajIo vivAhita ke avivAhita strIo upara jorajulama to nathI karatA ne ? temane baLajabarIthI to nathI upADI lAvatA ne ?' AnaMda jaNAve che ke temanA rAjyamAM strIonuM gaurava sArI rIte sAcavavAmAM Ave che. gautama buddha AgaLa prazna kare che : AnaMda, vajIo nagaranI aMdara ke bahAra AvelAM devasthAnonI sArI rIte kALajI rAkhe che? tenI pUjA kare che ? tene mATe pahelA nakkI karavAmAM AvelA vidhi, niSedho ane dharma aMgenA nItiniyamono lopa to nathI karatA ne ?" vajI loko devasthAno pratye zraddhA ane AdarabhAva rAkhanArA hovAnuM AnaMda jaNAve che. tyAra bAda gautama buddha sAtamo prazna pUche che : AnaMda, zuM te sAMbhaLyuM che ke vajajIo dharma ane jJAnanA jANakAra vidvAno ane ahaMtonuM sArI rIte sanmAna kare che ke jethI rAjyamAM AvelA dharmapuruSo tyAM sukhapUrvaka nivAsa kare ane na AvelA vidvAno rAjayamAM AvavA mATe prerAya ?' AnaMda javAba Ape che ke, "hA, meM sAMbhaLyuM che ke vajajIo ahato ane sAdhujanonI yogya rIte sevApUjA kare che.' tyAra bAda pAse beThelA varSakAra brAhmaNane gautama buddha jaNAve che ke,... he brAhmaNa...eka vakhata huM vaizAlInA sAradda caityamAM vihAra karato hato, tyAre meM vajIone A sAta aparihAniya dharmono- jenA pAlanathI hAni ke vinAza na thAya tevA A niyamono upadeza Apyo hato. jayAM sudhI vajIo A sAta aparihAniya dharmonuM pAlana karaze tyAM sudhI temanI vRddhi ja thaze, hAni ke vinAza nahIM thAya. varSakAra brAhmaNe gautama buddhane pratyuttara ApatAM jaNAvyuM ke, "he gautama, A sAtamAMthI eka ja aparihAniya dharmanuM A vajajIo pAlana kare to paNa temanI vRddhi ja che, hAni nahIM. to pachI sAta aparihAniya dharmanA pAlananI to vAta ja zI karavI? rAjA yuddha dvArA vajajIo para vijaya meLavI zakaze nahIM, te nizcita che. 2010_03

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prAcIna gaNarAjayonA saMdarbhamAM lokakartutva vizenI gautama buddhanI... 27 yuddhathI e vajIono vinAza nahIM karI zake, sivAya ke ajAtazatru rAjA lAMca, lAlaca ane pralobhanothI temanAmAM vikhavAda Ubho kare ke aMdaroaMdara matabheda UbhA karAve....'' A je sAta aparihAniya dharmonuM varNana che, te ApaNe mATe AgaMtuka nathI, navA nathI, balka ApaNI vicAraparaMparA ke saMskAro sAthe vaNAI gayelA che. paNa te kevaLa vicAra svarUpe ja rahe che, ApaNe tene anusaratA nathI. paMcAyatI rAjamAM lokakalyANanI je bhAvanA che, eka sabaLa, samunnata ane AtmavizvAsathI sabhara lokasamUhathI prerita samAjajIvananI je bhAvanA rahelI che, tene caritArtha karavA mATe, Aje paNa A aparihAniya dharmonuM jAgratapaNe pAlana karavAmAM Ave te jarUrI che. tenA pAlanathI AMtarika zatruo UbhA thavAnI saMbhAvanA rahetI nathI ane bahAranA zatruo temanA rakSaNakavacanane bhedI zakavA asamartha ja rahevAnA che. ema thAya ke paMcAyatI rAjavyavasthA sAthe gautama buddhanI A vAtono zo saMbaMdha che? paNa ahIM lokakartutvanI vAta rajU thaI che. prajAnAM paNa kartavyo hoya che. paMcAyatI rAjane saphaLa banAvavuM hoya to vyaktinI ja nahIM, lokasamUhanI kartavyaniSThA ane sakriya jAgRti anivArya che. e lokakartutvanI vibhAvanA 2500 varSa pahelAM gautama buddhe ApI hatI. Aje paNa enuM mahattva eTaluM ja svIkArya che. (1dIghanikAyanA "mahAparinirvANa' sUtrane AdhAre ) 2010_03

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vividha pAlibhASA pAli zabdano artha-udbhava vartamAna samayamAM gautama buddhe je bhASAmAM upadeza Apyo hato, te bhASA pAli tarIke oLakhAya che. vAstavika dRSTie I.sa.nI teramI-caudamI sadI sudhI pAli zabda bhASAnA arthamAM prayojAto na hato. tyArabAda bauddha graMthonI bhASA ke buddha vacanonI bhASA pAli bhASA tarIke pracAra pAmI. gautama buddha janasAmAnya potAnA upadezane samajI zake, te hetuthI, te samaye bolAtI janabhASAmAM upadeza Apyo hato. temano upadeza maukhika hato, tenuM lekhita svarUpa tyAre upalabdha na hatuM. gautama buddhe mukhyatve samagra uttarapradezamAM pharIne dharmapracAra karyo hato. tyAMnA alaga alaga prAntanI bolInI apekSAe e samagra pradezamAM mAgadhI bhASA pracalita hatI. eTale anya prAntonI bolIonI asara hovA chatAM budde mukhyatve je upadeza karyo te mAgadhI bhASAmAM hato. "mogdalAna vyAkaraNa'mAM paNa dharmopadezanI bhASAno mAgadha-bhASA tarIke ullekha thayo che. (graMthano prathama zloka) buddhanA dharmopadezanI bhASA "pAlibhASA tarIke kevI rIte oLakhAvA lAgI, te eka samasyA che. pAli zabdano sau prathama vyApaka upayoga buddhaghoSanA samayathI (I.sa. cothI sadI) thayo che, paNa tyAM pAli zabdano upayoga tripiTaka athavA buddhavacananA arthamAM thayo che. bhASAnA arthamAM teno upayoga thayo nathI. pAli zabdano prayoga mULa tripiTakanA arthamAM Ave che. jema ke...vagere udAharaNa tarIke nIcenAM vAkyo joIe. rInivAre pati..SiAra pati... pAliyaM idha AnItaM, natthi aTThakathA idha arthAt ahIM kevaLa pAli che, arthakathA nathI. naiva pAliyaM na aTThakathAyaM dissati / arthAt na to pAlimAM ane na to arthakathAmAM A jovA maLe che. imissA pana pAliyA evamatthAM veditabbo / arthAt A pAlino A pramANeno artha samajavo joIe. A vAkyothI spaSTa thAya che ke pAli zabdano artha ahIM mULa tripiTaka ke buddhavacana evo thAya che. tripiTakamAM pAli zabda nathI. buddhaghoSa pahelA A zabdano upayoga thayo hoya tema jaNAtuM nathI. "dIpavaMsa'mAM (I.sa.nI cothI sadI) ane dhammapAle 2010_03

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pAlibhASA 69 paramatyadIpanI' (I.sa. pAMcamI-chaThThI sadImAM) pAli zabdano upayoga aTTakathAthI vyatirikta mULa pAli tripiTakanA arthamAM ja karyo che. teramI-codamI zatAbdInA saddhama saggaha'mAM paNa A ja arthamAM pAli zabda vaparAyo che. Ama cothIthI teramI sadI sudhI pAli zabdano artha kevaLa buddhavacana ja thato hato. paNa dhIme dhIme buddhavacana je bhASAmAM lakhAyAM che, te bhASAnuM nAma ja pAli pracalita thatuM hoya ema lAge che. pAli' zabdano uddabhava : pAli zabdano artha ane udbhava mATe vidvAnoe judA judA mata ApyA che. (1) AcArya mogdalAna ane keTalAka vyAkaraNakAro pAli zabdane "pA" dhAtumAM li' pratyaya lagADIne pAli zabda banyo hovAnuM kahe che. ane teno artha paMkti evo kare che. paNa tripiTakanuM lekhita svarUpa zarUAtamAM upalabdha na hatuM. lekhita graMtha sAthe ja paMktino ullekha thaI zake. eTale paMktinA arthamAM pAli zabdano upayoga thayo na hato. (2) prathama saMgati anusAra pariyAya zabdamAMthI pAli zabda banyo che. tripiTakamAM buddhavacana ke temanA dharmopadeza mATe pariyAya athavA dhammapariyAya zabdano upayoga thayo che. A pariyAya zabdamAMthI paliyAya zabda ane temAMthI pAliyAya zabda banyo hovAnI mAnyatA che. azoke potAnA zilAlekhamAM pariyAyane sthAne paliyAya zabda vAparyo che. tyAM paNa buddhavacananA arthamAM ja teno upayoga thayo che. paliyAya zabdamAMthI AgaLano akSara dIrgha thatA pAliyAya zabda banyo ane tenuM laghu rUpa "pAli' thayuM. bhikSu jagadIza kAzyapanA mate mULa pariyAmAMthI paliyAya > pAliyAya > pAli zabda banyo che, paNa teno artha to buddhavacana ja hato. A urAMta bIjA paNa aneka mato pAli zabdanA uddabhava mATe ApavAmAM AvyA che. (3) abhidhAnappadIpikAmAM pAli zabdanA paMkti ane buddhavacana ema baMne artha ApavAmAM AvyA che. (4) vidyuzekhara bhaTTAcArya pAlino artha paMkti mAne che. (5) rAya Devigsa jaNAve che ke tripiTakanuM lekhita svarUpa taiyAra thayA pachI tenI 2010_03

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70 paMkti pAli kahevAI haze. (6) meksamUlaranA mate buddhe mULa pATaliputranA AsapAsanA pradezamAM tyAMnI bhASAmAM upadeza Apyo hato. pATaliputranI bhASA te pAli. temanA mate pAli zabda pATalimAMthI banyo che : pATila > pAli > pAli. (7) palli (=gAmaDuM) mAMthI paNa pAli zabda banyo hovAnI mAnyatA che. (8) pA je pAlana kare che, rakSA kare che te pAli. buddhavacananuM rakSaNa kare che, te pAli. vividhA (9) bhikSu siddhArthane mate pAThamAMthI 'pAli' zabda banyo che. TUMkamAM pAli zabdanI utpatti mATe nIce pramANe judA judA mata ApavAmAM AvyA che. pA + li > pAli > paMkti pariyAya > paliyAya > pAliyAya > pAli pATila > pADila > pAli pallI > pAli pATha > pALI > pAla > pAli mukhyatve ema mAnavAmAM Ave che ke tripiTakamAM AvatA pariyAya zabdamAMthI pAli zabda banyo hovo joIe. I.sa.nI 13 mI ane 14 mI sadI sudhI teno artha buddhavacana ke tripiTakano pATha evo ja thato hato. paNa pachI dhIme dhIme teno artha buddhavacana je bhASAmAM lakhAyAM che te bhASA pAlibhASA--evo pracalita thayo. paNa e artha kayA samayathI pracalita thayo, teno nizcaya karavo muzkela che. Aje pAli eTale tripiTakanuM sAhitya je bhASAmAM saMpAdita thayuM che te bhASA - evo artha sAmAnya banI gayo che. paraMtu pAli zabdano A arthamAM prayoga svayaM pAlisAhityamAM thayo nathI. pAlibhASA eTale pAlinI buddhavacananI bhASA. tripiTaka je bhASAmAM lakhAyuM che, te bhASA mATe mAgadha, mAgadhI, magadhabhASA, mAgadhA, nirukti, mAgadhika bhASA jevA prayogo thayelA che. teno artha thAya che magadha dezamAM bolAtI bhASA. siMhalI paraMparA anusAra gautama buddhe je bhASAmAM upadeza Apyo hato ane tripiTakamAM je bhASAno upayoga thayo che te mAgadhI bhASA che, eTale Aje jene pAlibhASA kahevAmAM Ave che. te buddhanA samayamAM magadha ane tenI AsapAsanA pradezomAM bolAtI bhASA hatI. ane teno vikAsa aneka prAdezika 2010_03

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pAlibhASA 71 bolIonA saMmizraNathI thayo che. eTale ja jene mAgadhI ke prAkRta bhASA kahevAmAM Ave che, tenAthI tenuM svarUpa bhinna hovAnuM jaNAya che. pAlibhASAne prAkRta bhASAnA eka prakAra tarIke paNa mAnavAmAM Ave che. I.sa. pU. pAMcasothI A bhASAomAM-pAli ane prAkRta bhASAomAM buddha ane mahAvIranA dharmopadezane anusarIne je sAhitya racAyuM pazcAdvartI bhASAsAhityanA thayelA vikAsa mATe mahattvanuM paribaLa banyuM che. mahArASTrI, zaurasenI, paizAcI vagere prAkRta bhASAo ane apabhraMzanI jema pAlibhASAmAM lakhAyelA piTaka ane anupiTaka sAhitya bhASAsAhitya ane saMskRtinA vikAsamAM mahattvano phALo Apyo che. 2010_03

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72 tripiTaka sAhitya saddharma cirAyu banAvavA mATe gautama buddhe dharmavANIne zuddha, suvyavasthitarUpamAM surakSita rAkhavA ane pote je dharmane svayaM abhijJAta karIne upadeza Apyo hato tenuM vivAdarahita banIne sAMgAyAna karavA jaNAvyuM hatuM, jethI teno artha paNa yathAtatha jaLavAI rahe. gautama buddhanA mahAparinirvANa bAda mahAsthavira kAzyapanA netRtvamAM 500 mukhya ziSyoe temanA Adezane caritArtha karavA prathama sAmuhika sAMgAyananuM Ayojana rAjagRhamAM karyuM. tyArabAda samayAntare bhAratamAM, zrIlaMkAmAM ane barmAmAM alaga alaga saMgItionuM Ayojana karIne dharmavANIne suvyavasthitarUpe saMkalana karavAnA prayAso cAlu rahyA, chevaTe I.sa. 1954-56mAM brahmadezamAM yelI saMgItimAM pAli tripiTakanI hAlamAM upalabdha aMtima vAcanA taiyAra karavAmAM AvI. te sAthe bhagavad vANIne kaMThastha karIne tenI paraMparA cAlu rAkhavAnI paddhati paNa kAyama rahI che. vividhA gautama buddhe je dharmopadeza Apyo che te tripiTakanA graMthomAM saMkalita thayo che. temano dharma 'bahujana hitAya, bahujana sukhAya...' hovAthI tatkAlIna magadhanA AsapAsanA pradezomAM bolAtI lokabhASA pAli bhASAmAM A upadeza apAyo hato. tethI tripiTakanA graMthonI bhASA pAli che. 2010_03

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tripiTaka sAhitya 73 tripiTaka sAhitya saddharma cirAyu banAvavA mATe gautama buddha dharmavANIne zuddha, suvyavasthitarUpamAM surakSita rAkhavA ane pote je dharmano svayaM abhijJAna karIne upadeza Apyo hato tenuM vivAdarahita banIne sAMgAyana karavA jaNAvyuM hatuM, jethI teno artha paNa yathAtatha jaLavAI rahe. gautama buddhanA mahAparinirvANa bAda mahAsthavira kAzyapanA netRtvamAM 500 mukhya ziSyoe temanA Adezane caritArtha karavA prathama sAmUhika sAMgAyananuM Ayojana rAjagRhamAM karyuM. tyAra bAda samayAntare bhAratamAM, zrIlaMkAmAM ane barmAmAM alaga alaga saMgItionuM Ayojana karIne dharmavAvaNIne suvyavasthitarUpe saMkalana karavAnA prayAso cAlu rahyA, chevaTe I.sa. 1954-56 mAM brahmadezamAM thayelI saMgItimAM pAli tripiTakanI hAlamAM upalabdha aMtima vAcanA taiyAra karavAmAM AvI. te sAthe bhagavad vANIne kaMThastha karIne tenI paraMparA cAlu rAkhavAnI paddhati paNa kAyama rahI gautama buddha je dharmopadeza Apyo che te tripiTakanA graMthomAM saMkalita thayo che. temano dharma bahujana hitAya, bahujana sukhAya...' hovAthI tatkAlIna magadhanA AsapAsanA pradezomAM bolAtI lokabhASA pAli bhASAmAM A upadeza apAyo hato. tethI tripiTakanA graMthonI bhASA pAli che. tripiTakanuM vibhAjana A pramANe karavAmAM AvyuM che : 1. vinayapiTaka : tenA nIce pramANe vibhAgo che : 1. pArAjika, ra.. pAcittiya, 3. mahAvagna, 4. cUlavaSNu ane pa. parivAra, 2. suttapiTaka : tenuM vibhAjana A pramANe che : 1. dIghanikAya, 2. majijhamanikAya, 3. saMyuktanikAya, 4. aMguttara nikAya ane 5. khuddakanikAya. khuddakanikAya aMtargata A graMthono samAveza thAya che khudUka pATha, dhammapada, udAna, itivRttaka, suttanipAta, vimAnavatyu, petavatyu, theragAthA, therIgAthA, apadAna, buddhavaMsa, cariyApiTaka, jAtaka, mahAnidesa, cULanidesa, paTisanmidAmaga. 3. abhidhammapiTaka : tenA mukhya graMtho A pramANe che : 1. dhammasaMgaNi, 2. vibhaMga, 3. dhAtukathA, 4. puggalapaMthyati, 5. kathAvattha, 6. yamaka ane 7. paTTAna. 2010_03

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74 vividhA vinayapiTaka bauddha saMghamAM vinayapiTakanuM sthAna mahattvanuM rahyuM che. AraMbhakALathI ja vinayapiTakane suttapiTakathI paNa vadhAre mahattvapUrNa sthAna maLyuM hatuM. ema manAya che ke jyAM sudhI vinayapiTaka pote maulika svarUpamAM haze tyAM sudhI bauddha zAsana jIvaMta raheze. prathama saMgItima sabhApati mahAkAzyape bhikSukone puchyuM "AyuSyamAno, ApaNe pahelA konuM sAMgAyana karavuM ? dhammanuM ke vinayanuM?" tyAre bhikSuoe teno javAba Apyo "bhanta, mahA kAzyapa vinaya ja buddha zAsananuM jIvana che. vinayamAM rahevAthI ja buddhanuM zAsana raheze. mATe prathama vinayanuM sAMgAyana karavuM." A pramANe zarUAtathI ja tripiTakamAM vinayapiTakanuM mahattva spaSTa che. vinayapiTakamAM niyamomAM deza ane kALanI paristhitinuM anusaraNa paNa che. AjathI aDhI hajAra varSa pahelAM bhAratIya sAmAjika paristhiti pramANe bhikSu. bhikSuNIo, upAsaka ane upAsikAo mATe AcAra saMbaMdhI je niyamonuM vidhAna karyuM te badhA mATe anukaraNIya rahyuM. vinayapiTaka kevaLa saMgha saMbaMdhI niyamonA saMgraha hovA chatAM Aje ApaNe mATe e vizeSa aitihAsika gauravano viSaya che, kAraNa ke dharmathI mahattvapUrNa sadAcAra che. samAjamAM judA judA utAra-caDhAva Ave paNa vinayanuM niyamana avaruddha nathI thayuM, te abAdha gatithI cAlyA kare che. vinaya vyaktinA AMtaramananI vastu che te svavivekathI nizcita hoya che. tenuM mULa saMyama che. kAyA, vANI ane manano saMyama karavAnuM sAdhana vinaya che. vinayapiTaka bauddha dharmanI daSTie mahattvapUrNa che ja, paNa tenI sAthe sAthe A graMtha itihAsa, samAjazAstra, arthazAstra vagere judA judA mANaso ane samAjavijJAnane saMbaMdhita viSayo mATe paNa adhika upayogI che. suttapiTaka suttano artha "sArI rIte kahevAyeluM' ema kahI zakAya. suttapiTakano uddeza bhagavAnanA upadezono saMgraha karavAno che. suttapiTakamAM mAtra bhagavAnanA ja nahIM, paNa te samayanA variSTha ziSyo jevA ke AnaMda, sAriputra, maudgalyAyananA upadezo paNa saMgrahita thayelA che. suttapiTakamAM gadya tathA padya baMne jovA maLe che. suttapiTakamAM sau prathama dAna, zIla tathA sadAcAranA upadezo buddha bhagavAnane ApyA che. A upadezo samajAvavA bhagavAna udAharaNo ApatA, tathA zrotAnI yogyatA pramANe dharmopadezo karatA. suttapiTakamAM te samayanA brAhmaNo, zramaNo, parivrAjakonA temanA buddha pratyenA vicAro, buddhanA temanA vizenA abhiprAyo, temanA pArasparika saMbaMdhonuM darzana thAya 2010_03

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tripiTaka sAhitya 75 che. tadUuparAMta te samayanI sAmAjika, rAjakIya tathA bhaugolika paristhiti paNa suttapiTakamAMthI jANI zakAya che. ApaNe agAu joI gayA pramANe suttapiTaka mukhya pAMca bhAgomaM vaheMcAyelo che tathA dareka bhAga nAnA graMtho ane graMtho paNa suttomAM vaheMcAyelA che. ApaNe suttapiTakanAM mukhya bhAga ane temAMthI agatyanAM suttono saMkSipta paricaya meLavIzuM. dIghanikAya dIghanikAyano artha lAMbA sUtro ema thAya. emAM 34 sUtrono samAveza karavAmAM Avela che. dareka sUtramAM bauddha siddhAMta tathA praznonI carcA karavAmAM AvI che. A Akho graMtha traNa bhAgamAM vibhAjita thayela che : (1) sIlakabaMdha vagya, (2) mahAva... ane (3) pathika vanga. jemAM sIlakabaMdha vagyamAM 1 thI 12, mahAvagnamAM 14 thI 23 ane pathika lagnamAM 24 thI 34 sUtrono samAveza karavAmAM Avelo che. prathama bhAganAM sUtrono viSaya zIla, samAdhi tathA prajJA che. jenI madadathI sAdhaka ati prApta karI zake che. jemAM brAhmaNanI tathA bIjI paraMparAonuM khaMDana karavAmAM AvyuM che. moTAbhAganAM sUtro gadya-padya mizrita che. saMyukta - nikAya : A nikAya pAMca varga tathA chappana saMyuktomAM vibhakta che. tenA varga che : 1. sagAtha vagya, 2. nidAna vagU, 3. khadhaka vaga, 4. saLAyatana vaSNa, 5. mahA vagna. temAMthI sagAthavagnamAM 11 saMyukta ane 271 sUtra che. nidAnavagnamAM bArathI ekavIsa saMyukta ane 296 sUtra che. aMdhakavangamAM 22thI 34 saMyukta ane 716 sUtra che. saLAyatanavagnamAM 35thI 44 saMyukta ane 434 sUtra che tathA mahAvagnamAM 4pa thI pa6 saMyukta ane 1224 sUtro che. A kula sUtronI saMkhyA bhikSu jagadIza kAzyape 2941 nI mAnI che, paNa paraMparA anusAra temAM bhinnatA che. vargo tathA saMyuktonA nAmane AdhAre temAM varNita viSaya vizenuM sUcana maLI jAya che, jemake sagAthavagnanAM sUtro gAthAothI yukta che. nidAnavagnamAM pratItyasamutpAdane AdhAre saMsAracakranI vyAkhyA karavAmAM AvI che. khandhavagnamAM pAMca upAdAnaskaMdhanuM vivecana che. saLAyatanavagnamAM pAMca skaMdho ane SaDAyatananuM Alekhana che. mahAvagamAM bauddha dharma-darzana ane sAdhanAnA mahattvapUrNa siddhAMtonuM varNana che. keTalAkanuM vargIkaraNa deva,manuSya ke asuranA nAmo para AdhArita che. keTalAMka sUtronuM vargIkaraNa bauddha dharmanA mukhya siddhAMtonA pratipAdananA AdhAra para karavAmAM Avela che. keTalAkanuM vagIkaraNa vaktA ke nAyakanA nAma para karavAmAM AveluM che. 2010_03

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76 vividhA aMguttara nikAya aMguttara nikAyamAM 2308 sUtronI saMkhyA che. paNa alaga alaga pustakomAM tenI saMkhyA alaga alaga paNa batAvavAmAM AvI che. jemake "samansapAsAdikA'mAM 6557 sUtronI saMkhyA batAvavAmAM AvI che. A nikAyamAM varNita viSayone eka, be traNa ema kramamAM rAkhyA hovAthI tene aMguttaranikAya ema nAma ApavAmAM AvyuM che. sUtronI saMkhyA vadhu hovAthI te nAnA che. aMguttara nikAyamAM 11 nipAta che. je aneka vangomAM vibhAjita che. je nIce pramANe che : nipAta viSNunI saMkhyA nipAta vagsanI saMkhyA 1. ekka nipAta 20 6. chakka nipAta 12 2. duka nipAta 17 7. sattaka nipAta 10 3. tika nipAta 16 8. aDhaka nipAta 10 4. catukka nipAta 27 9. navaka nipAta da 5. paccaka nipAta 26 10. dasaka nipAta 22 11. ekAdasa nipAta 3 majhimanikAya majhimanikAyanuM suttapiTakanA bAkInA graMthonI apekSAe mahattvanuM sthAna che. tenA abhyAsa dvArA gautama buddhanA vyakitva, jIvanadarzana tathA dharmadarzana vizenuM paryApta jJAna prApta karI zakAya che. "majhimanikAya'mAM bauddhadharmanA keTalAka mahattvanA siddhAMtonuM pratipAdana tathAgata tathA temanA agraziSyo dvArA karavAmAM AvyuM che. graMthanuM racanAvidhAna, graMthamAM nirUpita tathAgata vizenI prApta vigato bauddha darzananA siddhAMto, dArzanika paribhASAo, bhikSuo ane bhikSusaMgha mATenI tathAgatanI kalyANakAmanA ane upadezaSa tatkAlIna varNavyavasthA, dhArmika AcAra, sAmAjika, rAjakIya ane sAMskRtika pariveza vagere para A graMtha prakAza pAthare che. graMthanuM racanAvidhAna ane sAhityika mUlya majijhamanikAya' nAM 15ra sUtra traNa 'paNAsaka' (pacAsanI saMkhyAmAM vibhAjita) mULa, majhima ane upariparaNAsakamAM vibhAjita thayelAM che. alabatta trIjA uparipaNAsakamAM 50 ne badale para sUtro che. pratyeka paNAsakamAM dasa dasa sUtronA pAMca varga che. temAM bAra sUtro che. vargonuM nAmAbhidhAna prathama sUtra ke temAM varNita viSaya ke saMbodhita vyaktine AdhAre karavAmAM AvyuM che. sUtro ati dirgha ke ati saMkSipta nathI paNa graMthanA nAma anusAra madhyama koTinAM che. bhagavAna ane 2010_03

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tripiTaka sAhitya 7 bhikSuo athavA temanA mukhya ziSyo ane bhikSuonA saMvAdarUpe che. pratyeka sUtra svayaM eka pUrNa ghaTaka che. te tathAgatanA upadezano tenAM prAsaMgika pUrNa saMdarbha sAthe athavA temanAM jIvana saMbaMdhI koI ghaTanAno pUro paricaya Ape che. pratyeka sUtranA AraMbhamAM prAyaH tenA vizanI aitihAsika temaja bhaugolika bhUmikA ApelI hoya che. "meM A pramANe sAMbhaLeluM che.' evA vidhAnathI dareka sUtrano AraMbha thAya che. sUtranA aMtamAM mahadarUpe bhikSuo dvArA bhagavAnanA bhASaNanuM anumodana thAya che. anyathA paNa pratyeka sUtromAM keTalIka samAnatAo jovA maLe che. jema ke tathAgatano upadeza sAMbhaLyA bAda zrotA dvArA Azcarya... he gautama, Azcarya...' evAM ahobhAvapUrNa vacano kahevAmAM Ave che. keTalIka paraMparAgata praNAlikAo ane ziSTAcAranuM varNana samAna rIte thayeluM che. graMthanI racanAno mukhya hetu tattvabodha nA hovA chatAM temAM yojAyelI upamAo atyaMta suMdara, svAbhAvika ane marmasparzI hovAne kAraNe te subodha ane sugrAhya banI rahyo che. agni, aMdha-veNI, paraMparA, AmAvasyAno caMdra, mAluvAlatA, nAga-vanika, kumbhIra-bhaya, hastipada, sAra-gaveSI puruSa Adi aneka upamAo ane dRSTAMtonA yathocita viniyogane kAraNe "majhimanikAya' sAhityika dRSTie paNa mUlyavAna graMtha banI cUkyo che. tattvadarzana uparAMta jIvana ane jagata vizenuM vyApaka jJAna A dRSTAMto dvArA maLe che. - upamAonA bAhulya uparAMta saMvAdatmaka zailI, upadezonI vacce itihAsa ke AkhyAnonuM varNana nATakIya kriyAtmaktA, TUMkAM vAkyo, lokabhogya saraLa bhASA tathA prAsAdika gadyanI sAthe padyamAM AvatI gAthAone kAraNe "majhimanikAya' pAli tripiTaka sAhityano noMdhapAtra graMtha banI rahe che. majhimanikAya'mAM bauddha darzananI sAthe sAthe tatkAlIna zramaNa, brAhmaNa, pArivrAjaka vagerenAM jIvana, temanA pArasparika saMbaMdho, jana samAjamAM pracilata udyogo ane vyavasAya, manoraMjananA sAdhano, varNavyavasthA, yajJAyAgAdi, bhaugolika paristhiti, rIta rivAjo, gAma-nigama, nadI, parvata AdinuM varNana-dAsa dAsIo ane strIonI sAmAjika paristhiti, tatkAlIna rAjanIti vagere vize mAhitI maLe che, je tatkAlIna samAjajIvanane tAddazya kare che. A graMtha vize rAhula sAMkRtyAyane jaNAvyuM che ke samagra tripiTakanI apekSAe kevaLa majhimanikAyanuM ja adhyayana karavAmAM Ave to paNa bauddhadarzanano saMpUrNa paricaya temAMthI maLI zake che. khudukanikAya khuddakano artha zudraka eTale nAnA nAnA aMzono saMgraha. A suttanipAtano pAMcamo graMtha mAnavAmAM Ave che. jemAM paMdara graMtho athavA racanAono samAveza 2010_03

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vividhA karavAmAM Avelo che. viSaya, zailInI dRSTie teo bhinna prakAranAM che. A nikAyamAM nIce pramANenA 15 graMthono samAveza karavAmAM Avelo che. A nikAyanA graMthono sAmAnya paricaya A pramANe ApI zakAya. khuddaka pATha A nAno graMtha bhikSuo mATeno prathama graMtha che. nava nAnA pATha che. jevAM ke trizaraNa, 'dasa zikSApada', 'kumAra prazna', 'maMDala sutta', 'ratana sutta' vagereno pATha che. temano upayoga prArthanA, maMtra mATe karavAmAM Ave che. dhammapada 78 A bauddha sAhityano prasiddha ane sauthI vadhu AdaraNIya graMtha che. A graMthano aneka bhASAomAM anuvAda thayelo che. naitika AjJAono samAveza A graMthamAM karavAmAM Avela che. A graMthamAM 432 ke 426 gAthAo tathA 26 varga nIce pramANe che. 1, yamakavarga 2. apramAdavaga 3. cittavargI 4. puvargI 5. bAlavargI 6. paMDitavargI 7. arahaMtavarga 8. sahassavaga 9. pApava{ 10. daMDavag 11. jarAvaga 12. attavaga 13. lokavargI 2010_03 14. buddhavargI 15. sukhavag 16. piyavargI 17. krodhavargI 18. malavaga 19. dhammavargI 20. magavaga 21. paNivaga 22. niyavargI 23. nAgavaga Ama to dhammapada graMtha buddhanA subhASitonA ratnabhaMDAra samAna che. ahiMsA, apramAda, avaira, buddhatva prApti, brAhmaNanAM lakSaNo, sAco puruSArtha vagere vize mananIya paNa saraLa gAthAo ahIM rajU thaI che. udAna 24. tanhAva' 25. bhimpruvag 26. brAhmaNavargI udAna ATha vargomAM vibhAjita che. pratyeka vargamAM dasa sUtra che. dareka sUtranA aMtamAM sA2garbhita TippaNI che, je buddha dvArA karavAmAM AvI che. udAnano artha che nizvAsa. udAna sAmAnya rIte zloka, triSTupa athavA jagatI chaMdamAM che. A graMthamAM tevI ja sUktino samAveza karavAmAM Avyo che ke je svayaM buddha dvArA kahevAmAM AvI che. buddhe pAte sahaja rIte kahelAM sUtro-vacanone udAnarUpe ahIM varNavAyAM che. A graMtha paNa sAragarbhita che.

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tripiTaka sAhitya itivRttaka A graMthamAM gadya tathA padya baMnenuM mizraNa che. temAM 112 sUtro che. jemAM 50 sUtro evAM che ke eka ja vicAra pahelA gadyamAM hoya tyAra bAda tenI AvRtti padyamAM hoya. gadya tathA padya baMnenI bhASA sAdI ane saraLa che. A graMthamAM udAratApUrvaka dAna ApanAra dAnavIranI sarakhAmaNI vAdaLa sAthe karavAmAM AvI che, je pahADa tathA khINo badhe ja varSe che. (saM. 72) saMte kusaMga choDI devA joIe (saM. 77). indriyo dvAra che, jenA para pUrI rakSA karavI joIe. (saM. 28-29) buddha potAnI sarakhAmaNI vaidya sAthe karatA tathA bhikSukone potAnA putro athavA uttarAdhikArI gaNatA batAvavAmAM AvyA che. itivRttakanA dareka sUtramAM "itivRtta bhagavatA" (AvuM bhagavAne kahyuM) A kathana vAraMvAra Ave che, tethI tenuM nAma itivRttaka paDyuM che. suttanipAta 79 buddha vacanomAM kALa dRSTie suttanipAttanuM atyaMta mahattva che. buddhanA samayamAM "adbhuvana"" tathA '"parAyA vaLa'prasiddha thaI gayA hatA ane soNa kuTikaNe e saMpUrNa "aTTha vaLa"no pATha bhagavAna buddha samakSa karyo hato evo ullekha maLe che. AparathI tenI prAcInatA siddha thAya che. bauddha sAhityamAM udAharaNo mATe dhammapada pachI suttanipAtano krama Ave. kAvyanI dRSTie temAMnAM sUtro ucca koTinAM mAnavAmAM Ave che. suttanipAttanuM aitihAsika mahattva e vAtathI spaSTa thAya che ke samrATa azoke bhA%0 zilAlekhamAM je sAta mukhya suttono ullekha karyo che temAMthI traNa athavA cAra sUtro suttanipAtanAM che. A graMthanI bhASA para vaidika bhASAno prabhAva che. suttanipAta pAMca vaggo ane aneka sUtromAM vaheMcAyelo graMtha che. 1. uragavagga jemAM 10 sUtro che. 2. culavargImAM 14 sUtro che. 3. mahAvargamAM 12 sUtro che. 4, arRkavargImAM 16 sUtro che. 5. pArAyaNavargamAM 19 sUtrono samAveza thayela che keTalAkamAM gAthAonI saMkhyA vadhu to keTalAkamAM ochI che. vacce vacce kAvyanI rIte gadhAtmaka upadezo tathA gadyanI sAthe padyamAM upadezo sAthe sAthe zuddha saMvAdo, AkhyAno, tathA vIra kAvyanI zailI paNa jovA maLe che. jemAM saMvAda-gAthA tathA kathAnaka-gAthA paraspara maLelI che. prAcIna saMskRta mahAkAvyonI jema AkhyAno paNa che ke jemAM gadya tathA padya paNa che. kyAM kyAMka vaidika bhAvonAM udAharaNo paNa jovA maLe che. brAhmaNa dhampika sUtra (2.7) mAM sAco brAhmaNa kevo hoya, kevI rIte teo saMyamI jIvana vyatita karatA tenuM varNana che. tenAthI viruddha brAhmaNo kevI rIte hiMsA tarapha vaLyA, rAjA ikSvAkue temane dhana ane suMdarIo bheTa ApI, kevI rIte brAhmaNo 2010_03

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vividhA AcArahIna banyA, ane bauddha dharme kevI rIte pharI brAhmaNa dharmanI sthApanA karI tenuM paNa mananIya Alekhana che. suttanipAtanA viSayavastunI vyApakatAnA saMdarbhamAM joIe to samAjanA eka sadagRhasthane mATe sAmAnya vyavahAranA nItinirdezanI sAthe sAthe bhikSunA uccatama prApta dhyeya zAntipadanirvANanuM nirUpaNa A graMthamAM suMdara rIte thayuM che. vimAnavatyu 80 prAyaH 1296 gAthAonA A graMthamAM devatAonA vimAnanuM varNana ApeluM che. te bhAratanA azokanA samayamAM lakhavAmAM AvyuM che. "vimAnavatyu" be bhAgamAM vaheMcAyeluM che. 1. 'inthi vimAna'.'2. purisa vimAna'. strIonI devabhUminuM varNana 'inthi vimAna'mAM tathA puruSanA devabhUminuM varNana 'purisa vimAna'mAM che. AkhA graMthamAM bhikSu deva devIne prazna pUcha che ke temane AvuM gauravazALI sukha kevI rIte prApta thayuM ? javAbamAM amuka puNyazALI karma karavAthI A phaLa prApta thayuM tevI praznottaranI zailImAM nirdiSTa viSayanuM varNana thayuM che. petavatyu prAyaH 814 gAthAono A nAno graMtha narakanAM du:khonuM varNana prastuta kare che. temAM 51 vastu (kathA) che, tathA cAra vargomAM vibhakta che. theragAthA A graMthamAM lagabhaga 150nI AsapAsa budghakAlIna sthavironI gAthAo surakSita che. I.sa.pU. 6ThThI sadInI AsapAsa A graMtha kavitAnA svarUpamAM lakhavAmAM Avyo haze. prAcInatAnI sAthe kAvyatvanI dRSTie paNa te noMdhapAtra che. temAM 255 bhikSuonA udgAronuM saMkalana che. A graMthamAM gAthAonI saMkhyA anusAra nipAtanuM vibhAjana che. therIgAthA AmAM 522 gAthA che, je 16 nipAtamAM vibhakta che. temAM bhikSuNIonA aMtaHkaraNanA udgAra abhivyakta thayA che. temAM buddhakAlIna 73 therI-bhikSuNIonI sAdhanA ane jJAnaprAptinA AnaMdodgAra mArmika rIte pragaTa thayA che. jAtaka Azare 547 lokakathAono A saMgraha che. cokkasa upamAo ane udAharaNo dvArA buddhano dharmasaMdeza samajAvavAno prayAsa jAtaka kathAomAM thayelo che. jAtaka kathAmAM te samaye bhAratano vyApAra, vyavasAya, zilpa ane manuSya jIvananAM aMgo para prakAza paDe che. te citrakAro tathA mUrtikAro mATe uttama sAmagrI 2010_03

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tripiTaka sAhitya 81 pUrI pADe che. mULa rUpe gAthAonA bhAgane ja jAtakakathA mAnavAmAM Ave che. paNa kathA vagara jAtakanuM mUlya nathI. na jAtakamAM prathama "nidAnakathA" che, je tenI bhUmikA bAMdhe che, tyAra bAda "pratyutpanna vadhu mAM vartamAna saMdarbha, "atIta vatyu'mAM prAcIna kathA che, 'asthivaUInAM'mAM gAthA bhAganI TIkA che ane "modhAna'mAM buddha prAcIna tathA vartamAna kathAmAM potAnuM zuM pradAna hatuM, te varNave che. A cAra bAbato jAtakamAM Ave che. moTAbhAganI jAtaka kathA campa rUpe che. jemAM gadya ane padyanuM mizraNa che. prAcIna bhAratamAM A zailI apanAvavA AvI hatI, temAM gadyamAM kahelI vArtAnuM samarthana padya tathA zloka dvArA karavAmAM AvatuM. lokakathAnA racayitA ane gAyaka gAthAone praznottara rUpe saMbhaLAvatA-kalpita vArtAnA lekhaka kathAbIjane eka yA be zlokamAM lakhI detA. bharAhuta tathA sAMcInI divAlo para aMkita thayelAM citrothI e vAtane puSTi maLe che ke jAtaka kathAo I.sa. pU. tRtIya yA dvitIya zatAbdInI bauddha paraMparAne pragaTa kare che. jAtakonA itihAsane jANavA mATe A citro atyaMta mahattvapUrNa che. jAtaka kathAonA saMgrahamAM kathA sAhityanA badhAM rUpa jovA maLe che. jAtaka kathAo vizva-loka sAhityano mahattvano bhaMDAra che. nidesa cUlanidesa tathA mahAnidesa tenA ja be bhAga che. nidesa parathI ApaNe jANI zakIe ke prAcIna samayamAM AgamonA pAThonI vyAkhyA kevI rIte thatI hatI. temAM dhArmika niyamonI zikSAtmaka vyAkhyAnI sAthe sAthe vyAkaraNa ane koza saMbaMdhI vyAkhyA paNa che. mahattvapUrNa pAribhASika zabdonI vyAkhyA, zabdonA artha batAvyA che, je lagabhaga kaMThastha karavAmAM AvatA. mahAnidesamAM ghaNA dezo ane baMdarono ullekha che. jenI sAthe bhAratano vANijya vyavasAya saMkaLAyela che. paTisarbhikAmaga A graMthamAM dasa moTA pariccheda che. pratyeka prakaraNa bauddha dharmanA siddhAMtane pratipAdi kare che. temAM badhA viSaya abhidhamma pramANe praznottara rUpe che. sUtronI jema ahIM paNa "he bhikSu !" kahI saMbodhana karavAmAM Ave che. apAdAna apAdAna paNa jAtakanI jema vizALa graMtha che. apAdAna (avadAna) no artha che caritra ke carita. jemAM vyaktinA AtmabalidAna athavA AtmatyAganI vAta che. tenA be mukhya bhAga che. 1. thara apAdAna, 2. therI apAdAna. temAM 6286 sthavira saMbaMdhI gAthAo che. jyAre 1267 therIo saMbaMdhI gAthAo che. buddha ane temanA 2010_03

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82 vividhA ziSyo mogalAna, mahAkazyapa, anuruddha pUrNa maitrAyaNIya putra, upAli, ajJAta kauDinya, mahAprajApati gautamI vagerenA pUrvajanmonuM varNana che. gAthA kahevAvALo pote sthavira che. tenI vANI marmasparzI che. buddha vaMsa A padyAtmaka graMtha che. jemAM 28 paricchedano samAveza thAya che. temAM dIpaMkarathI AraMbhIne zAkyamuni sudhInA 24 pUrva buddha janmonuM varNana che. A racanAmAM buddhane deva rUpe batAvavAmAM AvyA che. cariyApiTaka khuddaka nikAyano A chello graMtha padya svarUpano che. te 6 paricchedomAM vaheMcAyelo che. jemAM 25 jIvanacaryAnuM varNana che. temAM bhagavAna buddha kevI rIte dAna, zI, vaiSkarma, adhiSThAna, satya, maitrI ane upekSA jevI sAta pAramitAonI pUrti temanA AgaLanA janmomAM karI tenuM varNana che. A pAramitAonuM varNana vyaktinAM caritra rUpe karavAmAM AvyuM che. graMtha parathI kahI zakAya ke parimatAne Adarza banAvI loko sAme mUkavA A graMthanI racanA karavAmAM AvI haze. abhidhammapiTaka abhidhammapiTaka pAli tripiTakano trIjo mukhya bhAga che. abhidharmano artha ucca dharma athavA vizeSa dharma ema kahI zakAya. paNa dharma to sarvatra eka ja che. abhidhamma piTakamAM buddhanAM maMtavyone vargIkRta karI tenuM vizleSaNa kareluM che. suttapiTakamAM sAdhAraNa vyakti mATe dharmabodha che paNa abhidhamma piTaka mATe ema kahI zakAya ke jene bauddha tattvadarzanamAM rasa che tevA vyakti mATe abhidhamma piTakanuM ghaNuM mahattva che. je dharma suttapiTakamA upadezarUpe che ane vinayapiTakamAM saMyamarUpe che, te abhidharmamAM tattvarUpe nihita che. bauddha dharma ane darzanamAM citta ja kendrasthAne che. temAM citta, caitasika, rUpa ane nirvANa- e cArane ja paramArtha satya mAnavAmAM Ave che. abhidharmamAM eka viziSTa zailI dvArA tenuM nirbhrAnta jJAna ApavAno prayatna thayo che. dharmano paryAya Apavo, tenuM sUkSma vibhAjana karavuM ane vyAkhyA ApavI te paddhati ane paripraznAtmaka zailI temAM noMdhapAtra che. abhidhamma piTaka dharmanA UMDANamAM laI jAya che. evuM paNa mAnavAmAM Ave che ke abhidhammanuM jJAna bhagavAne temanI mAtA mahAmAyA ane devatAone sau prathama ApyuM. abhidhammapiTakanuM jJAna tyAra bAda bhagavAne senApati sAriputrane ane sAriputrae 500 bhikSuone A jJAna ApyuM hatuM. Ama bhagavAnanA samayamAM ja 501 bhikSu abhidhamma piTakanuM jJAna dharAvatA hatA. 'abhidhamma nuM saMgAyana prathama be saMgItimAM thayuM hatuM ke nahi te nizcita thaI zakatuM nathI. teno mULa bhAga mAtikA 2010_03

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tripiTaka sAhitya 83 kata (mAtRkA) tarIke oLakhAto hato. trIjI saMgIti pachI abhidhammapiTakanuM saMkalana thayuM hovAnuM paNa manAya che. temAM sAta graMtho che. sarvAstivAdI abhidhammanI aMtargata sAta graMtho che. jemAM jJAnaprasthAna mukhya che. graMtha 1. jJAnaprasthAna zAstra Arya kAtyAyana 2. prakaraNavAda sthavira vasumitra 3. vajJAnakAyavAda sthavira devazarmA 4. dharma skandhapAda AryasAriputra 5. prajJaptizAstrapAda Arya modagalyAyana 6. dhAtukAyapAda pUrNa (vasumitra) 7. saMgItiparyAyapAda mahAkauSThika (zAriputra) puggalapati pudgalano artha thAya che vyakti, vyaktinI prajJapti karavAno A graMthano viSaya che. A graMthamAM vyaktinuM vividha prakAre vargIkaraNa karavAmAM Avela che. eka eka prakAranI vyaktithI zarU karIne daza prakAranI vyakti sudhIno nirdeza A graMthamAM che. mATe ja A graMtha dasa adhyAyomAM vaheMcAyelo che. temAM prathama prazna karavAmAM Avela che ane tyAra bAda teno javAba ApavAmAM Avyo che, e praznottara zailInuM anukaraNa ahIM thayuM che. vibhaMga A abhidhammapiTakano bIjo graMtha che. zarUAtamAM vibhaMgano artha vyAkhyA thato hato. jevI rIte pratimokSanI vyAkhyA vibhaMga kahevAmAM Ave che, jemAM skaMdhonuM vivaraNa ApeluM che. bauddha mAnyatA anusAra vastu koI cIja nathI. rUpa (mahAbhUta), vedanA, saMjJA, saMskAra tathA vijJAna A pAMca skandhothI vadhu AtmA nAmanA koI padArthanI sthiti nathI. A pAMca skandhonI ahIM vyAkhyA ApavAmAM AvI che. vibhaganA nIcenAM 18 prakaraNomAM te vibhAjita che. tenA nAmane AdhAre viSayanI spaSTatA maLe che. 1. skandha, 2. Ayatana, 3. dhAtu, 4 satya, 5. indriya, 6. pratyayAkAra, 7. smRtiprasthAna, 8. samyakapradhAna, 9. RddhipAda, 10. bothaMga, 11. mArga, 12. dhyAna, 13. aparimANa, 14. zikSApAda, 15. pratisaMvida, 16. jJAna, 17. mudrakavastu (sudrakavastu) ane 18. dharma hRdaya. 2010_03

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84 A 18 vibhaMga AgaLa traNa bhAgamAM vaheMcAyelA che. 1. suttA-bhAjanIya 2. abhidhamma-bhAjanIya 3. prazna-pRcchaka AmAMthI pahelAmAM sUtra anusAra, bIjAmAM abhidhammanI mAtikAo anusAra, tathA trIjAmAM duka, tika vigere rUpamAM praznottaranI rIte vyAkhyA prastuta karavAmAM AvI che. dhammasaMgiNImAM mAtra dharmonuM vizleSaNa ka2vAmAM AvyuM che. paraMtu vibhaMgamAM dharmonuM skandha, Ayatana, dhAtu vageremAM vargIkaraNa karavAmAM AvyuM che. ahIM paNa dharmasaMgiNInA kuzaLa, akuzaLa tathA avyAkRta badhAne grahaNa karI vibhaMgamAM prastuta karavAmAM Ave che. Ama vibhaMga dhammasaMgiNI para AdhArita che. dhummasaMgiNI vividhA A graMthane abhidhammanuM mULa mAnavAmAM Ave che. jUnI paraMparAmAM tripiTakanA alaga alaga graMthone kaMThastha karIne yAda rAkhanAra suttadhara, vinayadhara tathA mAtikAdhara tarIke oLakhAtA. te mAtikA A graMthamAM saMgraha thayelI mAtikA hatI. temAM nAma (mana, athavA mAnasika) tathA rUpa jagatanI vyAkhyA prastuta karavAmAM AvI che, ane A vyAkhyA karmonA kuzaLa, akuzaLa tathA avyAkRta rUpo tathA vipAko vagerene dhyAnamAM rAkhIne karavAmAM AvI che. A vyAkhyA naitika che ane bIjA zabdomAM tene ApaNe bauddha nItivAdanI manovaijJAnika vyAkhyA paNa kahI zakAya che. kAraNa ke temAM citta tathA aitisika dharmonuM kuzaLa, akuzaLa tathA avyAkRta rUpamAM vizleSaNa prastuta karavAmAM Ave che. mAtikAnAM 122 vargIkaraNa ahIM che, jemAM 22 to traNa traNa zIrSakomAM vibhakta karIne ApavAmAM AvI che. ane bAkInA 100 ne babbenA zIrSakomAM. A ja kramasaha tika ane duka kahevAmAM Ave che. Aja tika ane duka dvArA dharmonuM saMpUrNa vizleSaNa dharmasaMgiNImAM ka2vAmAM AvyuM che. A praNAlI abhidhammanA anya graMthomAM paNa apanAvavAmAM AvI che. dhAtukathA skanda, Ayatana ane dhAtu A traNa dhAtukathAnA viSaya che. A prakAre vibhaMganA 18 vibhaMgomAMthI skandha, Ayatana tathA dhAtu A traNa vibhaMgone grahaNa karI tenuM vizleSaNa ka2vAmAM AvyuM che. A prakAre A graMthanuM zIrSaka viSayavastunI dRSTie dhAtukathAnI jagyAe skandha-Ayatana-dhAtukathA hovuM joIe. A graMthomAM A traNano saMbaMdha dharmonI sAthe kevA prakAre che tene samyaka rUpe pradarzita karavAmAM AvyuM che. kayA kayA skandha, Ayatana athavA vinaMgamAM kayA kayA dharma saMgrahita, asaMgrahita, samprayukta athavA viprayukta hoya che, te badhAnuM vivecana ahIM 14 adhyAyomAM praznottara rUpe ka2vAmAM AvyuM che. 2010_03

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tripiTaka sAhitya yamaka A prakaraNamAM prazna joDanA rUpamAM rAkhavAmAM Ave che. yamakano zAbdika artha joDakuM (yugma) che. ahIM praznonA anukULa ane tenA viparita svarUpanAM 12 yugma banAvavAmAM AvyAM che. A praNAlInuM zarUthI aMta sudhI anusaraNa karavAmAM AvyuM che. tenAthI tenuM nAmakaraNa karavAmAM AvyuM che. che. kathAvastu 85 1. paTTAna (prasthAna) : AkAramAM A ati vistRta-moTo graMtha che. A graMtha cAra bhAgomAM vibhakta AnA raciyatA azokanA guru mogalaputta tisya mAnavAmAM Ave che. paraMtu tyAra bAda paNa temAM umero thato gayo che. A graMthamAM 23 adhyAyomAM sthaviravAda sivAya 17 nikAyonA 216 siddhAMtono prazna rUpe pUrvapakSamAM rAkhIne tyAra bAda tenA uttara tathA samAdhAna upasthita karatAM sthaviravAdI dRSTikoNanI sthApanA karavAmAM AvI che. azokanA samayamAM bauddha saMpradAya aneka dharmomAM vibhakta thaI gayo hato. te samaye evuM samajAvAnuM muzkela banyuM ke buddhanuM vAstavika maMtavya kyuM che. A ja uddezane sAme rAkhIne mogalaputta tisyae A graMthanI racanA karI ane emaNe A uddezyanI pUrti karI ane mATe ja A graMthane tripiTakamAMno graMtha tarIke hovAnuM bahumAna prApta thayuM. A graMthamAM mAtra dArzanika siddhAMtonuM ja khaMDana karavAmAM AvyuM che ane A siddhAMto kayA saMpradAyonA che teno ullekha karavAmAM Avyo nathI. tenI A kamInI pUrti tenI adbhakathAe karI che. keTalAka saMpradAyonA siddhAMto ane mAnyatAo to evA che ke je azoka pachI astittvamAM AvyA. udAharaNa rUpe andhaka, apa2zailIya, pUrvazailIya, rAjagirika, siddhArthaka, vaipulya, uttarIpathaka ane hetuvAdI. A evo saMketa kare che ke AnA keTalAka aMza isunI prathama sadI sudhI joDavAmAM AvelA che. A pramANe abhidharmapiTakamAM alaga alaga graMthomAM bauddha tattvadarzananuM nirUpaNa thayuM che. te dharmasUtronuM dArzanika rUpa che. paNa tenI bhASA ane zailInI kaliSTatAne kA2Ne durbodha che. tene samajavAmAM sugama banAvavAno prayatna vasubaMdhu vagere AcAryoe karyo. 2010_03

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86 bauddha saMskRta sAhitya bauddha dharmamAM pAli sAhitya mAtra sthaviravAdanI paraMparAmAM upalabdha che. paraMtu uttarakAlIna prAyaH sarva bauddha saMpradAyomAM saMskRta bhASAno upayoga thayo che. gautama buddhe bhikSuone potAnI bhASAomAM upadeza ApavA mATe jaNAvyuM hatuM paNa buddhavacanane vaidika bhASAmAM parivartita karavAno niSedha karyo hato. paraMtu bauddhadharma aneka saMpradAyomAM vibhakta thatA saMskRta bhASAnuM prAdhAnya vadhatuM gayuM ane hInayAnakhAsa karIne sarvAstivAdanA keTalAka graMtho saMskRtamAM racAyA. mahAyAnI bauddha sAhitya to prAyaH saMskRtamAM ja che. A saMskRta sAhityamAM mukhyatve be prakAranA graMtho maLe che. 1. gautama buddhanA jIvanacaritra viSayaka ane 2. saiddhAMtika zAstragraMtho. vividhA A graMthonI saMskRta bhASAnuM svarUpa zuddha saMskRta nathI paNa AcArya narendradava jaNAve che te pramANe 'saMkara-saMskRta' che. koI tene gAthA saMskRta kahe che, koI mizra saMskRta athavA to bauddha saMskRta paNa kahe che. vidvAnomAM A bhASA zuddha hovA vize aneka matabheda che, paraMtu tenA para saMskRta bhASAno prabhAva avazya che. hInayAna paraMparAmAM sarvAstivAdanA graMtho prAyaH saMskRtamAM racAvAnuM zarU thayuM. Arya kAtyAyanI putra racita 'jJAnaprasthAnazAstra' saMbhavataH bauddha saMskRta sAhityano Adya graMtha manAya che. kaniSka rAjAnA samayamAM vasumitranI adhyakSatAmAM thayelI paMcAtikA saMgItimAM 'vibhASA' nAmanI TIkA racI. tenA anuyAyIo vaibhASika kahevAyA. vasumitrae tyArabAda 'abhidharmakoza'nI paNa racanA karI ane anya AcAryAe saMyuktarUpe 'mahAvibhASA' graMtha taiyAra karyo. A sarva graMthonI racanA saMskRta bhASAmAM thaI. te uparAMta dharmatrAtano udAnavarga, ghoSakano abhidharmAmRta, vasumitrano praka2NavAda ane dharmazrIno abhidharmasAra sarvAstivAdanA prAcIna graMtha hovAnuM kahevAya che. abhidharma vize racAyelA nIcenA graMthone SaTapAdazAstra paNa kahevAmAM Ave che. 1. sAriputra viracita abhidharmasaMgraha paryAya pAdazAstra, 2. maudagalyAyana viracita abhidharmaskaMdha pAdazAstra, 3. sthavira dezavarmA racita abhidharma vijJAnakAya pAdazAstra, 4. kAtyAyanI putranuM abhidharma prajJapti pAdazAstra, 5. vasumitra racita abhidharmadhAtukAya pAdazAstra ane 6. vasumitraracita abhidharmaprakaraNa pAdazAstra. sarvAstivAdamAM abhidharmanuM ghaNuM mahattva hatuM. suttapiTakanA nikAya zabdane sthAne sarvAstivAdIoe Agama zabdano paNa upayoga karyo che. temaNe theravAdI piTako keTalAka parivartano sAthe saMskRtamAM anudita karyAM hatAM. 2010_03

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bauddha saMskRta sAhitya 8 . mahAvastu : saMskRta bhASAmAM racAyelo hInayAnano khAsa karIne lokottaraMvAdI mahAsAMghikonA A vinayagraMthanuM ghaNuM mAhAbhya che. buddhanuM jIvanacaritra teno mukhya viSaya che. mahAvastunA prAraMbhamAM ja cAra bodhisatvacaryAonuM varNana che. prakRticaryA, praNidhAnacaryA, anulomacaryA ane anivartanacaryA. A cAra caryAonI pUrtithI bodhisatva buddhatvanI prApti kare che. A graMthamAM bhagavAna buddha lokottara hovAnuM batAvyuM che. hInayAnathI mahAyAna pratyenI saMkramaNAvasthAnI sAthe A graMthamAM bodhisatvanI dazabhUmionuM paNa sau prathama varNana maLe che. gautama buddhanuM jIvanacaritra ja teno mukhya viSaya hovAthI tene mahAvastu-avadAna paNa kahe che. tripiTakanA viSayavastu ane kathAprasaMgonI tenA para vyApaka asara che. jo ke A graMthanA racanAsamaya vize koI cokkasa nirNaya levAyo nathI. lalitavistara: ' mahAyAnanA vemulyasUtromAM A graMthane ghaNo pavitra mAnavAmAM Ave che. temAM buddha caritranuM varNana che. pRthvI upara bhagavAna buddhe je lIlA karI tenuM varNana hovAthI te "lalitavistara' kahevAya che, tene "mahAbRha" paNa kahevAmAM Ave che. gautama buddhano tuSita devalokamAM nivAsa, garbhAvakrAnti, janma, bAlacaryA, sarvamAramaDalavidhvaMsana - vagere viSayonuM A graMthamAM vivaraNa che. buddhanA jIvananI cAra mukhya ghaTanAo-cAra pUrvanimitta-jenAthI buddhe jarA, vyAdhi, mRtyu ane pravajyA jJAna prApta karyuM. abhiniSkramaNa, biMbisAropakramaNa, duSkaracaryA, mAragharSaNa, abhisaMbodhana ane dharmadezanA-te sarvanuM ahIM vistArathI varNana che. graMtha mukhyatve gadyamAM che. vacce vacce temAM gAthAo ane kyAreka grAmyagIto paNa Ave che. keTalAMka suMdara varNano, upamAdi alaMkAro ane prAsAdika zailIne kAraNe te sAhityika dRSTie paNa mahattvano graMtha che. buddhacarita, saundarananda ane zAriputra prakaraNa : * mahAkavi azvaghoSanA saMskRta bhASAmAM racAyelA A traNa graMtho paNa bauddha dharmanA mahattvanA graMtho che. kaniSkano lagabhaga samakAlIna evA kavi azvaghoSe buddhanA jIvanacaritranuM varNana karatA kAvyagraMtha "buddhacarita'nI racanA karI che. tenA 28 sarga che. paraMtu azvaghoSe racelA samagra kAvyanA badhA sargo upalabdha thatA nathI. temAM mukhyatve buddhakathA temanA janmathI AraMbhIne saMvegotpatti, abhiniSkramaNa, mAravijaya, saMbodhi, dharmacakrapravartana, parinirvANa vagere prasaMgonA varNana sAthe prathama dharmasaMgIti ane azokanA rAjyakALano nirdeza karIne parisamApta thAya che. saundaranaMdamAM 18 sarga che. temAM buddhanA bhAI saundaranaMda bauddhadharmamAM pravajita thAya che tenI kathA che. 2010_03

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88 vividhA zAriputra prakaraNa nATyagraMtha che. temAM 9 aMka che. temAM zAriputra ane maudagalyAyana bauddhadharmamAM dIkSita thAya che, tenuM Alekhana che. avadAna sAhitya : avadAna (pAli-apadAna)nuM tAtparya che-lokakathAonA mAdhyamathI dhArmika siddhAMtone abhivyakta karanAruM sAhitya. tenI vistRta sImAomAM pAramitAono abhyAsa paNa samAviSTa thaI jAya che. pAli sAhityamAM je sthAna jAtakakathAonuM che, te ja sthAna bauddha saMskRta sAhityamAM avadAnakathAonuM che. teno mukhya uddezya karma ane tenA phaLanA siddhAMtanI vyAkhyA karavAno che. kathAonuM vibhAjana mukhyatve traNa prakAre maLe che. atIta anAgata ane pratyutpanna hInayAna ane mahAyAnanAM saMmizrita rUpanI prastutatA avadAnasAhityanI vizeSatA che. avadAnazataka e avadAna sAhityano prAcInatama graMtha hovAnuM manAya che. tenA dasa adhyAya che ane temAM hInayAna tathA mahAyAna saMbaMdhI kathAo upalabdha thAya che. tenI keTalIka kathAo anya avadAnagraMthomAM paNa maLe che. 'divyAvadAna" paNa mahattvano avadAna graMtha che. jo ke temAM bhASA, zailI ane viSayavastunI dRSTie saMvAditA ochI che. vastutaH teno saMbaMdha mULa sarvAstivAdanA vinayapiTaka sAthe vadhAre che. te uparAMta kalpadrumAvadAna, azokAyadAna, kAvidatyavadAna, bodhisatvadivadAna, avadAnakalpalatA vagere paNa noMdhapAtra graMtho che. saMskRtamAM racAyelA dArzanika sAhityamAM mukhyatve mahAyAnI sUtro ane yogAcAra tathA vijJAnavAdanA graMthone gaNAvI zakAya. maitreya, asaMga, vasubavu, nAgArjuna, dinAga vagere AcAryoe bauddha dArzanika sAhitya vipula pramANamAM racyuM hatuM. 2010_03

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milindaprazna : graMthaparicaya 89 milindaprazna : graMthaparicaya milindAha', "milindapo" athavA "milinda pahA" (A traNe nAma A addhakathAomAM A graMthane tripiTakanI samAna AdaraNIya mAnIne, tenAM uddhaharaNo lIdhAM che, A hakIkata tenI mahattAnI sarvottama sUcaka che. sAhitya ane darzana baMne daSTie "milindapagaha' sthaviravAda bauddhadharmano mahAna gauravarUpa graMtha che. pAzcAtya vidvAno paNa tenA A gauravarUpa graMtha che. pAzcAtya vidvAno paNa tenA A gauravamahattvathI ati mugdha banIne tenA para grIka prabhAva hovAnuM mAne che. khAsa karIne sokreTIsanA saMvAdothI te prabhAvita hovAnuM jaNAve che. milindAha' (milinda pazna), tenA nAmathI spaSTa thAya che e pramANe (nAma anusAra) milindanA praznonA vivaraNarUpe lakhAyelo graMtha che. milinda zabda grIka "menAnDara' nAmanuM bhAratIyakaraNa che. milindanA praznonuM vivaraNa mAtra A graMthamAM nathI, tenA praznonuM samAdhAna, A graMthano mukhya viSaya che. tenA praznonuM samAdhAna A graMthano mukhya viSaya che. tenA praznonuM samAdhAna bhadanta nAgasena nAmanA bauddha bhikSue karyuM. te anusAra milinda, rAjA ane bhadanta nAgasenanA saMvAdanA rUpamAM A graMtha lakhAyo che. milinda ane bhadanta nAgasenano A saMvAda aitihAsika tathya hovA mATenI pramANabhUta sAmagrI upalabdha che. milindapraznamAM ja rAjA milindane yavanapradezanA rAjA tarIke oLakhAvyo che. (yonakAna rAjA milindo) ane tenI rAjadhAnI sAgala (vartamAna cAlakoTa) hovAnuM jaNAvyuM che. I.sa. pU. bIjI zatAbdImAM bhAratano uttara-pazcima bhAge grIka zAsakonA hAthamAM cAlyo gayo hato. grIka zAsaka melADara athavA menAgrosa ja milindaprazna" no rAjA milinda che, tevo itihAsavidono nizcita mata che. paraMtu A menAnDosanA zAsanakALanI nizcita mata che. paraMtu A menAnDosanA zAsanakALanI nizcita tithi vize haju vAdavivAda pavarte che. paNa adhikatara vidvAnonI mAnyatA che ke menopTarano zAsanakALa I.sa. pU. prathama zatAbdI che. tethI tenA mULa rUpamAM milindaprazna" nI racanA A samayamAM thaI hovAnuM nizcita rIte kahI zakAya. kAraNa ke menASThara pachI tarata ja bhAratamAMthI grIka zAsana lupta thaI gayuM. ane tenI koI sthAyI smRti bhAratIya itihAsamAM aMkita thayelI nathI. jo "milinda prazna' nI racanA milinda ane nAgasenanA saMvAdanA AdhAre te pachInA samayamAM lakhAI hoya, to paNa te bahu lAMbA samaya pachI nahIM lakhAI hoya. 'milinda prazna" nI racanA I.sa. pUrva prathama zatAbdImAM thaI hatI ane tenA AdhArarUpa che milinda rAjA ane bhadanta 2010_03

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90 vividhA nAgasenano saMvAda. 'milindaprazna'nI aitihAsikatA pramANita karavA mATe eka anya mahattvano purAvo paNa maLe che. bhAratamAM lagabhaga 22 sthaLethI-mukhyatve mathurAmAMthI-grIka rAjA manAlDaranA sikkA maLe che. jenI upara "vesiliyasa soTilsa menanjhosa' evuM lakheluM che. ane te sikkAo para dharmacakranuM nizAna paNa che, je tenuM bauddha dharmavalaMbI hovAnuM paNa sUcave che. "milindaprazna" anusAra bhadratta nAgasenano uttarothI saMtuSTa putrane soMpIne vijyA lIdhI hovAnA ane arva pada prApta kagaryAnA ullekho paNa maLe che. grIka itihAsa lekhaka "lUTArkanuM kahevuM che ke menADaranA mRtyu bAda teno asthio upara sUpa bAMdhavAmAM Avyo hato. A sarva hakIkato milinda rAjA bauddha hovAnI sAkSI Ape che. racanAkAra : grIka rAjA menAra ane bhadanta nAgasenanA saMvAdanA rUpamAM A graMtha lakhAyo hovAno nizcita aitihAsika purAvAo maLavA chatAM, tenA racanAkAra, graMthanuM svarUpa, temAM thayeluM parivartana ke parivardhana-vagere vize aneka prazno uddabhave che. A graMthanA racanAkAra tarIke sAmAnya rIte bhadanta nAgasenane ja mAnavAmAM Ave che. bauddha dharma saMbaMdhI zaMkAonuM nivAraNa karatA bhadanta nAgasene ApelA uttaro graMthanuM mahattvanuM viSayavastu che. graMthanA nAyaka hovAnI sAthe sAthe te graMthanA racanAkAra hovAnI bAbatamAM khAsa matabheda nathI. AvI nirvayoktitA bhAratIya sAhityamAM aneka vAra jovA maLe che. jo ke zrImatI rAyasa Devalsa graMthanA racayitAnuM nAma mANasa hovAnuM kahe che, paNa te mATe koI aitihAsika purAvAo maLatA nathI. graMthamAM parivarghana : - vizeSataH pazciI vidvAno dvArA evuM kahevAmAM Ave che ke 'milinda pragna' eka ja samaye racAyelo graMtha nathI. bhinna bhinna samayamAM bhinna bhinna lekhako dvArA enI racanA karavAmAM AvI che. paricchedonI ekabIjAthI jovA maLatI bhinnatA tathA tenI zailI ane viSayavastunI anekavidhatAne kAraNe evuM mAnavAmAM Ave che ke maulika rUpamAM A graMtha nAno haze. saMbhavataH te milinda ane nAgasenanA saMvAdanA saMkSipta vivaraNanA rUpamAM haze, paNa pAchaLathI sthaviravAda bauddha dharmanI dRSTie je mahattvapUrNa viSayo hatA tene mULa graMthanI zailI anusAra temAM umeravAnA prayatna karavAmAM AvyA. graMthanuM hAlanuM vistRta svarUpa A parivartananA pariNAmarUpa che. milinda prazna' graMthanA prastuta svarUpa vize aneka matamatAntaro paNa che. ema paNa kahevAyuM che ke te maulika rIte saMskRtamAM tenI racanA thaI hatI, ane pAlimAM tenuM rUpAMtara karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. A graMthano cInI anuvAda I.sa. 317 thI I.sa. 820 vacce thayo hovAnuM manAya che. pAli 'milinda prazna' mAM kula 7 adhyAya che, jyAre cInI anuvAda phakta pahelA traNa adhyAyano ja maLe che. tathA AcArya buddhaghoSe "milinda prazna nAM je avataraNo uddhata karyA che, te prathama traNa adhyAyanAM ja che. tene AdhAre pro. gAyagara, 2010_03

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milindaprazna: graMthaparicaya 91 vinTaraniTsa vagere pAzcAtya vidvAnono evo mata che ke 'milinda prazna' mAM mULa traNa adhyAya hatA. cArathI sAta adhyAya temAM pAchaLathI umeravAmAM AvyA che.' te uparAMta prastuta pAli "milinda prazna' mAM trIjA adhyAyanA aMtamAM jaNAvyuM navesarathI prastAvanA kare che. vaktA, tarkapriya, atyaMta, buddhavizArada (rAjA) milinda jJAnavivecanane mATe nAgasenanI pAse Avyo'. trIjA adhyAyamAM praznottaranI samApti thayA pachI, punaH viSayano AraMbha karavAmAM Avyo che, evuM vidvAno mAne che. vinTaraniTjha AgaLanA traNa adhyAyomAM paNa parivartana ane parivardhana thayuM hAvAnI zakyatA darzAvI che. pAli "milinda prazna ane cInI bhASAmAM prApta tenA anuvAdarUpa graMtha "nAgasena-sUtramAM jovA maLatI vibhinnatA ane A AMtara-bAhya purAvAone AdhAre eka niSkarSa evo kADhavAmAM Avyo che ke pAchaLanA 4 thI 7 adhyAya mULa graMthamAM na hatA. jo ke tenI sAme evI dalIla karavAmAM Ave che ke cInI anuvAdaka graMthanA sAta adhyAyano anuvAda karavAne badale traNano ja anuvAda karyo hoya, e paNa zakya che athavA bAkIno anuvAda naSTa thayo hoya ! tathA buMda ghoSe ApelAM avataraNonAM saMdarbhamAM jaNAvavAmAM Ave che ke temane bAkInA cArathI sAta adhyAyonAM avataraNonI AvazyakatA UbhI na thaI hoya, tethI te uddharaNo temanA graMthomAM levAmAM AvyAM nathI. Ama "milinda prazna' nA svarUpa vize aneka matamatAntaro che. tema chatAM temAM thayelA parivardhananI saMbhAvanAno InkAra thaI zake tema nathI. | 'milinda paha' nuM viSaya vastu sAta bhAga athavA adhyAyomAM vibhakta che : 1. bAhirakathA, 2. lakhaNa paho, 3. vimaticchedana paho, 4. meDaka paho, 5. anumA pahe, 6, dhutaMga kathA ane opanmakathA paho. "bAhirakathA'milinda paga7 nI bhUmikA che. sarva prathama lekhake abhidharma, vinaya ane sUtro para samAzrita, jemAM aneka vicitra upamAo ane yuktio prakAzita karavAmAM AvI che tevI nAgasena vizenI AzcaryakAraka jaNAtI nAgasenanI kathAne sAvadhAnapaNe jJAnapUrvaka ane buddhizAsanA saMbaMdhI saMdehonA nivAraNa mATe sAMbhaLavAno Adeza karyo che. abhi ghamma viniyogatThahA sutabhalasamatthitA, nAgasenakathA citrA opammehi nayehi ca, tattha trANaM paNidhAya hAsayitvAna mAnasaM, suNAtha nipuNe pamhe kaMkhAThAna. tyArabAda grIka rAjA milindanI rAjadhAnI sAgalanuM ramaNIya kAvyamaya 2010_03

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92 vividhA varNana che. '3tha yaM Oi yotAne nAnApuma sImAstaM nAma nA navIpadvatifmAM ramaNIya bhUmippadesabhAgaM ArAmacyAnI pavana taDAga pokakhAgI ane potaan| pativAdI milindanA pUrvajanmanA varNanamAM khUba utsukatA batAvI che, to paNa potAnA vartamAna janma ane karmanA viSayamAM vizeSa jANavAno ApaNane avakAza Apyo nathI. sthavira nAgasenano janma madhya dezanI pUrva sImA para sthita, himAlaya parvatanI samIpamAM kajaMgalA nAmanA prasiddha pradezamAM thayo hato. temanA pitAnuM nAma soNattara hatuM, te eka brAhmaNa hatA. traNa veda, itihAsa ane lokAyata zAstranuM jJAna parApta karIne nAgasene sthavira rohaNa pAse buddha-zAsanam saMbaMdhI jJAna prApta karyuM arthAt bauddha dharmamAM praveza karyo. tyArabAda te vattaniya senAsananA sthavira asagutta (azvagupta)nI pAse gayA ane temanI pAsethI vizeSa jJAna meLavyuM, tyAM ja emane sotApanna (sota Apanna) phaLanI prApti thaI. tyAMthI temena pATaliputra mokalavAmAM AvyA, jyAM temaNe sthavira dharmarakSita pAse bauddhadharmano UMDANathI ayAsa karyo. ahIM ja emane ahevaphaLanI prApti thaI. tyAra pachI te sAgalanA saMkheya pariveNamAM gayA, tyAM rAjA milinda sAthe temano meLApa thayo. milindanI vidvatAnuM varNa karatA teNe zruti, smRti, sAMkhyayoga, vaizeSika vagere 19 zAstronuM mananazIla abhyAsa karyo hovAnuM darzAvyuM che. te saMpUrNa rIte tarkavAdI, vitaMDAvAdI ane vAdavivAdamAM ajeya hatA; tevuM paNa jaNAvyuM che. milindane dArzanika vAda-vivAdamAM khUba ruci hatI. ane teNe "lokAyata" sampradAya vagerenA anuyAyIo ane vicArakone vAdavivAdamAM parAjita ryA hatA. teNe buddhakAlIna cha mukhya sAMpradAyika AcAryonI gAdI para pratiSThita ane temanA jevAM ja nAma dhAraNa karanAra cha pradhAna AcAryo - jema ke pUrNakassA, makakhali gosAla, nigaSTha nAthaputta, saMjaya veladdhiputta, ajita kesakambali ane pukadha kaccAyananAM nAma paNa potAnA maMtrIo dvArA sAMbhaLyAM hatAM. temAMthI prathama be AcAryone te maLyo hato, paNa tenA mananuM samAdhAna thayuM na hatuM. ane te abhimAnapUrvaka ema mAnavA lAgyo hato ke "tucchI bata bho jambu dIpI palAyo, vata bhI jabudIpo nalthi koci samaNI vA brAhmaNo yo mayA saddhi sallapituM sakroti kaMkha paTivino detuMta - "tuccha che bhAratavarSa pralAya mAtra che bhAratavarSa. ahIM evA zramaNa ke brAhmaNa nathI ke je mArI sAthe vAdavivAda karIne mArA saMdehonuM nivAraNa kare." milindanA A zabdomAM buddhivAdI grIka jJAna vizenuM gaurava ane ahaMkAravRtti dekhAya che. paNa aMtamAM bhAratIya rASTranA gaurava samAna mahA jJAnI bhadanta nAgasena sAthe teno meLApa thayo. nAgasenanA jJAnanI prazaMsA karatA kahevAyuM che ke temaNe nAnI vayamAM ja nighaMTu, traNa vedo, itahAsa, vyAkaraNaSa lokAyata vagere zAstromAM nipuNatA prApta karI lIdhI hatI. pravajita thayA pachI temaNe abhidhammanAM sAta prakaraNo tathA anya dharmarakSita nAmanA bhikSu sAthe pATaliputramAM nivAsa karyo hato. tyArabAda AyapAla nAmanA bhikSunA nimaMtraNathI te 2010_03

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milindaprazna : graMthaparicaya himAcala pradezanA asaMkheya pariveNa nAmanA vihAramAM cAlyA gayA. tyAM rAjA milinda temane maLavA Avyo. 'atha kho milindI rAjA yenAyasmA nAgaseno anyonya kuzaLa samAcAra ane paricaya pRcchA karavAmAM ja dArzanika vAdavivAdano AraMbha thaI gayo. buddhadarzananI AdhArabhUmirUpa viSayothI ja praznottarInI zarUAta thaI. bauddhadarzananI AdhArabhUmi che, anAtmalakSaNa, rAjA milinda nAgasenanI pAse Ave che ane tamanuM nAma pUche che. bhatte nAgasena potAnuM nAma jaNAvatAM kahe che ke mane badhA nAgasena nAmathI oLakhe che, paraMtu vastamavAM te nAmanI koI vyakti vidyamAna nathI. paramArtharUpe vyaktinI upalabdhi nathI. 'paramatyato paneltha puggalo sUyalabhUti'. bhadanta nAgasenanI anAtmavAdanI A vyAkhyA khUba mahattvapUrNa che. temanI A vyAkhyAne buddhadarzana vizenA niSedhAtmaka valaNa tarIke jovAmAM Ave che, tema chatAM kevaLa sthaviravAdI bauddha sAhityamAM ja nahi, paraMtu saMpUrNa bauddhasAhityamAM, buddha vacano sivAya, anAtmavAdanuM A prakAranuM AkarSaka ane gaMbhIra vivecana anyatra maLatuM nathI. anAtmavAdI sAthe punarjanma zUnyavAda, nAma-rUpa cAra satya, aSTAMgika mArga, zIlaprajJA, nirvANa, vagere bauddhadarzananA siddhAMtonI carcA-vicAraNA karavAmAM AvI che. bhadanta nAgasene rAjA milinda prazno ane saMzayono atyaMta manorama zailImAM uttara Ape che. uparathI virodhI lAgatA tripiTakanA vibhinna vivaraNo ke buddha canono virodhAbhAsano parihAra ane teno samanvaya temaNee asarakAraka zailImAM karyo che. aMtamAM praznakartA ane uttaradAtA baMne potAnA praznottaranI saMtuSTa jaNAya che. rAjA milindane ema lAge che ke meM je pUchyuM, te badhAnA bhadanta nAgasene mane uttara ApyA. (sabbe mayA pucchitaM'ti sabaM bhadattena nAgasenena visajijataMti)' rAjA milinda aMtamAM bauddha dharmanAM upAsaka banI jAya che ane yA laIne buddha, dharma ane saMghanuM zaraNa svIkAre che, je itahAsa sAkSya dvArA kharANita che. 93 'milinda prazna' dArzanika ane dhArmika dRSTie to eka mahAgraMtha che ja, paraMtu te sAthe tenuM aitihAsika ane sAhityika mahattva paNa ochuM nathI. sthaviravAda bauddhadharmano A kaMThahAra che, jenI pratiSThAne kAraNe te buddhavacanonI samAna sanmAnya che, te sAthe bhAratIya sAhityanA amUlya nidhirUpa che. joke laMkA, barmA ane siyAmanI jema Adhunika bhAratIya lokabhASAomAM 'milindapanha' saMbaMdhI pracura sAhityamAM racAyuM nathI, paNa tethI tenuM mahattva ochuM AMkI zakAya nahi. 'milindapanha' I.sa. pU.nI prathama zatAbdInI prabhAvazALI bhAratIya gadyazailInA sarvottama namUnArUpa che. lekhakonA zabdAdhikAra ane temanI zailInI pravAhazIlatA, zabdonI ojasvitA, prabhAvazALI kathana prakAra, upamAo ane tArkika prayuktio dvArA saghAtu sahaja alaMkAravidhAna, tenI saraLatA ane prasAdaguNa- A sarva vizeSatAo tene sAhityika gadyanA nirmAtAonI AgalI zreNImAM sarvottama 2010_03

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94 vividhA sthAne pratiSThita kare che. hovAnuM anumAna karyuM hatuM, paraMtu A eka bhrama che. bhAratIya parAdhInatAnA yugamAM adhikAMza pazcimI vidvAno, bhArata paNa vizvanI saMskRtamAM maulika yogadAna ApI zake che, tema mAnavI taiyAra na hatA. prAcIna veda-upaniSado ane buddhavacanonI paraMparA te samaye duDha thayelI hatI ja, tethI tenA para pleTonA saMvAdo ke grIka zailInI asara hovAnI dalIla nirarthaka che. te samaye to bhAratIya saMskRtinA gauravano samaya hato, te gaurava ja "milindAha' mAM pratidhvanita thayuM che, tenAthI prabhAvita thaIne ja buddhivAdI milinda rAjAe bauddha dharmamAM upAsakatva grahaNa karyuM hatuM. A hakIkata bhAratIya jJAnanA mahAna vijyanI dyotaka che. te samaye sauthI adhika jJAna-saMpanna gaNAtA deza para bhArate meLavelA jJAnavijaya ke dharmavijayano 'milindAha' graMtha smAraka ane paricAyake te dRSTie te bhAratIya vADamayanA amara ratnomAMnuM eka ratna che. "milinda paha'nI zailI, strota ke preraNAnA mULa nizcitapaNe tripiTakanAM buddhavacanomAM nihita che. "dInikAya'nA "pAyAmi suta" jevAM sUtronI jIvita saMvAdazailI tenA preraNArUpa hoI zake che. "kathAvastunA apratima AcArya moggaliputta tissanA paNa bhadanta nAgasena ochA RNI nathI. moggaliputtanI samAdhAnakArI zailI para ja nAgasenanA adhikAMza praznonA uttaro AdhArita che. upaniSadonI saMvAdazailInI asara paNa temAM joI zakAya. itihAsanI dRSTie, vizeSataH pAli sAhityanA itihAsanI dRSTie paNa A graMtha mahattvano che. temAM tripiTakanA vividha graMthonA nAma ApIne, pAMcana kiAyo, abhighammapiTakanA sAta graMtho ane tenA vibhinna aMgono nirdeza karIne aneka aMzonAM uddharaNa ApavAmAM AvyA che.tethI e spaSTa rIte prAmANita thAya che ke pAli tripiTaka I.sa. pU. prathama zatAbdImAM pAli tripiTaka Aje je svarUpamAM prApta thAya che, te svarUpamAM vidyamAna hatAM. tevI rIte "milinda paha'nI keTalIka vigato azokanA abhilekhomAM jaNAvelI keTalIka vigatonuM samarthana kare che. 'milinda pagamAM keTalAka sthaLonuM varNana che - jema ke alasanda (elekjhAnDiyA), yavana (yUnAna, baikTriyA), bharukaccha (bhaDIca), cIna (cIna-deza), gAndhAra, kaliMga, kajaMgalA, koyala, mathurA, sAgala, sAketa, saurASTra, vArANasI, baMga, takkola, urjAnI vagere, tenAthI tatkAlIna bhAratIya bhUgoLa para paryApta prakAza paDe che. tenA sArAMza e che ke dharma, darzana, sAhitya, itihAsa, bhUgoLa- ema sarva daSTie "milinda pa7'nuM bhAratIya vAgamayanA itihAsamAM eka mahattvapUrNa sthAna che. ane pAli anupiTaka sAhityamAM to tenA jevo mahattvapUrNa sthAna che. ane pAli anupiTaka sAhityamAM to tenA jevo mahattvapUrNa bIjo koI svataMtra che ja nahi, te nirvivAda che. 2010_03

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tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ane gautama buddha tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ane gautama buddha zrImad bhagavad gItAmAM zrIkRSNa bhagavAne kahyuM che : yadA yadA hI dharmasya glAnirbhavati bhArata / abhyutthAnamadharmasya tadADatmAnaM sRjAmyaham / / sRSTinuM samayacakra jyAre utsarpiNImAMthI avasarpirNI kALa prati AgaLa vadhatuM jAya che, tyAre tamasagheryA e yugamAM prakAza prasAvanAra koI jyotirdharanI AvazyakatA anubhavAya che. AdinAtha zrI RSabhadeva ane bhagavAna buddha mAnavajAtine maLelA AvA mahAna jyotirdhara hatA. bhAratIya saMskRti ane kadAca samagra mAnavajAtinI saMskRtinA udayakALe hajI to uSAnuM prathama kiraNa ja phUTatuM hatuM tyAre mahAna saMskRtinA nirmANa mATe ja jANe ke AdinAtha zrI RSabhadevano A sRSTi para AvirbhAva thayo. kALanA vahetA pravAha sAthe temaNe pravartamAna karelI saMskRtimAM AvelI vikRtionI parizuddhi mATe ane tenA punaHnirmANa mATe lagabhaga i.sa.pU. chaThThI sadImAM gautama buddhe, potAnA vyApaka, gahana ciMtanathI prerita, kaThora tapazcaryA ane sAdhanAthI prApta jJAnadarzana dvArA eka navI ja jIvanadRSTi ApI. tatkAlIna dhArmika dhAraNAomAM krAMtikArI parivartana, sAmAjika saMracanAnA punaHnirmANa ane navAM jIvanamUlyonI pratiSThA mATe temaNe satata prayatna karyA. manuSyanI cetanA pArthiva sukho ane indriyabhogonI mohaka vAsanAothI para banIne Urdhva sthiti prApta karavAnI svAbhAvika pravRttithI paNa anuprerita rahI che. e cetanAne jAgRta karIne, jIvananAM samagra duHkhonA kAraNarUpa sAMsArika tRSNAnuM upazamana karanAra ane A jIvanamAM ja vizuddha, zAzvata AMtarika zAMtinI anubhUti karAve tevA dharmanI prApti mATe temaNe kaThina sAdhanA karI. e parama zAMtinI anubhUti ja anirvacanIya lokottara AnaMdanI sthiti che, ke jene nirvANa, mukti, mokSa vagere kahevAmAM Ave che. temanuM jIvana, ciMtana ane darzana nitAnta vaiyaktika ja hatuM. 95 jaina STi anusAra bhagavAna RSabhadeva AtmavidyAnA prathama puraskartA che. teo sau prathama rAjA, prathama jina, prathama kevalI, prathama tIrthaMkara ane prathama dharmacakravartI hatA. sahe gAma aradA jotil pamarAyA, 58niLe, pamavatI, paDhamatityayo, paDhamadhambavAcIvaTTI / samunitze (jaMbudrIpaprajJapti-2, 30) brahmAMDa purANamAM RSabhadevane dasa prakAranA dharmanA pravartaka tarIke gaNAvavAmAM AvyA che. iha ikSvAkukulavaMzodabhavena nAbhisutena marudevyA nandanena, mahAdevena RSabheNa dasaprakAro dharma: svayameva cInaM: 5 ( brahmAMDa purANa) zrImad bhAgavatamAM paNa A vAtanuM samarthana maLe che. amAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke vAsudeve AThamo avatAra nAbhi ane marudevIne 2010_03

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vividhA tyAM dhAraNa karyo hato. teo RSabhadeva tarIke avatarita thayA ane emaNe sarva Azramo dvArA saMmAnanIya evo mArga batAvyo. aSTare vyAM tu nAmeita 3 : racana vatna thIrAnAM, sarvAzramanaskRtam (zrImad bhAgavata-1,3,13) eTale RSabhadevane mokSadharmanI vivikSatAthI "vAsudevAMza' kahevAmAM AvyA che. svayaM RSabhadevane yogezvara kahevAmAM AvyA che. navIna 8Samavo thAnezvara: (zrImad bhAgavata - pa.4.2) jaina AcArya ane yogavidyAnA praNetA mAne che. RSabhadeva emanA viziSTa vyaktitvane kAraNe vaidika paraMparAmAM paNa mAnya rahyA che. - RgvadamAM bhagavAna zrI RSabhadevane pUrvajJAnanA pratipAdaka ane duHkhono nAza karanAra tarIke varNavyA che. cIna ane jApAna paNa emanA nAma ane kAmathI paricita rahyAM che. cInI tripiTakomAM emanA ullekha maLe che. jApAnIo emane "rokazaba" (Rokshab) tarIke oLakhe che. madhyaeziyA, misara ane yUnAna tathA phoneziyA temaja phaNika lokonI bhASAmAM emane rezepha kahevAmAM Ave che, jeno artha "zIMgaDAvALA devatA" thAya che. je RSabhanuM apabhraMza rUpa che. - jyAre ApaNe zrI RSabhadeva ane gautama buddha vize eka sAthe vicAra karIe chIe tyAre temanA jIvananI bAhya ghaTanAo ke prasaMgo ane temanA tattvaciMtanamAM abhuta sAmya jovA maLe che. keTalIka jIvanaghaTanAo vize joIe. A baMne yugapuruSo jyAre garbhastha avasthAmAM hatA tyAre zrI AdinAthanI mAtA marudevIe svapnamAM suvarNasamAna eka uttama vRSabhane potAnA mukhamAM pravezato nihALyo ane gautama buddhanI mAtA mAyAdevIe svapnamAM zveta hastIne kukSimAM Avato joyo. A maMgala svapno mahAna guNasaMpanna putranA janmanA sUcanarUpa hovAnuM, nAbhirAjA tathA svapnaphaLanA jANakAra vidvAnoe jaNAvyuM hatuM. zrI RSabhadevA janma samaye devo dvArA temanA janmakalyANakano mahotsava dhAmadhUmathI ujavAyo hato ane devarAja indra temano janmAbhiSeka paNa karyA hatA. tevuM ja varNana gautama buddhanA janma samayanuM paNa maLe che. cAra devoe gupta rIte AvIne janma pAmatAM gautamane rezamI vastramAM jhIlI lIdhA hatA ane AkAzamAMthI zIta tathA uSNa jaLanI dhArAo varasatI hatI. baMnenA janma samaye dizAomAM AnaMda ullAsa vyApyo hato ane prakRtimAM paNa sarvatra AnaMda chavAI gayo hovAnAM varNano sarakhI rIte ja maLe che. baMne rAjakumAro samAna rIte ja rAjavIya vaibhavamAM uchare che ane rAjakumArane anurUpa zikSaNa meLave che. ane lagna kare che. temanI prakRti paNa zAMta, karuNApUrNa ane saMvedanAzIla hatI. jJAnaprApti mATe gRhatyAga karIne sAdhanA karavAnI preraNA paNa temane lagabhaga 2010_03

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tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ane gautama buddha 97 samAna ghaTanAthI ja maLe che. bhagavAna RSabhadevanA janmadivasanA utsavanimitte apsarAonA nRtyanuM Ayojana thayuM hatuM. nIlAMjanA nAmanI devI aneka bhAvabhaMgiobharyA AkarSaka nRtyane prastuta karI rahI hatI, tyAM ja tenA AyuSyanI aMtima kSaNa AvI gaI. nRtya karatAM karatAM ja te mRtyuvaza banI gaI. divya jJAnadhArI AdinAtha bhagavAnanA cittamAM jANe vIjaLIno jhabakAro thayo. saMsAranI AvI kSaNabhaMguratA nihALIne te atyaMta virakta thaIne vairAgyanI bAra bhAvanAonuM ciMtavana karavA lAgyA ane munidikSA mATe tatpara banyA. gautama buddha paNa nagaracaryA karatA karatA vedanAthI pIDAtA rogIne ane azakta vRddhane jue che, mRta manuSyanI nanAmI paNa tyAMthI pasAra thAya che. A ghaTanAo dareka manuSyanA jIvanamAM anivArya hovAnuM jANIne zAkya rAjakumAra mAnavajAtinAM duHkha nivAravAno mArga zodhavA mahAbhiniSkramaNa paNa kare che. zrI RSabhanAtha pravajayA samaye potAnA kezanuM lucana kare che tyAre IndranA AgrahathI eka muSTi keza mastaka para rahevA de che. tethI temane kezA' tarIke paNa oLakhavAmAM Ave che. gautama buddhanI mUrtiomAM temanA mastaka paranuM urmeiSa khAsa dhyAnapAtra bane che. temanI AraMbhanI kaThora tapazcaryA paNa AdinAthanI tapazcaryAo sAthe sAmya dharAve che. A tapazcaryAne aMte zrI AdinAtha ane tapasvI gautama kevaLa jJAna ane buddhatva prApta kare che - temAM teoe pUrvajIvanamAM saMcita karelA jJAnano prabhAva paNa che. zrI AdinAthe temanA pUrvabhavomAM sabhya jJAna darzana ane cAritrarUpa triratnanuM ane paMca mahAvrata tathA anya vratAdinuM, 16 bhAvanAonuM ane uttama kSamA, mArdava, Ajarva, zauca, satya, saMyama, tapa, tyAga, AkiMcanya ane brahmacarya e dasa dharmonuM pAlana karyuM hatuM. karmonI atizaya nirjarA karavA bAvIsa pariSado sahana karyA hatA. A rIte upazamazreNI para ArUDha thaIne temaNe pUrvabhavamAM ja tIrthakara nAmanI puNyaprakRti bAMdhI hatI. gautama buddhe paNa siddhArtha tarIkenA temanA janma pahelAnA pUrva bhavomAM dAna, maitrI, satya, naiSphamya, zAMti, maitrI, upekSA Adi dasa pAramitAo-jene buddhakAraka dharmo kahevAmAM Ave che - te siddha karI hatI. jenA prabhAvathI te siddhArtha tarIkenA janmamAM buddhatva prApta karI zakyA. A mahAmAnavonA mahAparinirvANanA prasaMgomAM paNa evI ja samAnatA che. bhagavAna AdinAthanA nirvANa samayanuM varNana A pramANe che : mahA mahimAnI kRSNA trayodazInA divase prabhue paryakAsanamAM sthita thaIne bAdara kAya yoga ane bAdara vacanayogane niruddha karIne kramazaH sUkSma kAyayogamanoyoga ane vacanayogane paNa niruddha karIne zukla dhyAnanA tRtIya pAdanA antane prApta karIne zukla dhyAnanA caturtha pAdano Azraya lIdho ane tyAra bAda kevaLa jJAnI, kevaLa darzanI, ATha karmono kSaya karIne sarva du:kha rahita,...ananta RddhisaMpanna bhagavAne bandhanarahita thaIne paramapada-mokSanI prApti karI. 2010_03

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98 vividhA gautama buddhe paNa nirvANakALe kramazaH cAra rUpAvacara ane cAra arUpAvacara dhyAnane siddha karIne, punaH prathama, dvitIya, tRtIya ane caturtha dhyAnamAM lIna thaIne dehano tyAga karyo hovAnuM nirUpaNa maLe che. zrI AdinAthanA kSara dehano agnisaMskAra thayA pachI zeSa rahelI dhAtumAMthI bhakti ane AdarapUrvaka saudharmendrae potAnI bhUmimAM bhagavAnanuM pUjana karavA mATe prabhunI uparanI jamaNI dADha grahaNa karI, izAnendrae uparanI DAbI dADha lIdhI, camarendrae nIcenI jamaNI dADha ane valIndrae nIcenI DAbI dADha grahaNa karI. anya devatAo temanA asthi lai gayA ane potAnI bhUmimAM laI jaIne mAnavaka stanma upara ratnajaDita pAtromAM temanA avazeSa mUkIne tenI pUjA karavA lAgyA. devatAo e temanI nirvANa bhUmi aSTApada giri upara ratnonA traNa stUpa paNa nirmita karyA. gautama buddhanA parinirvANa pachI vaizAlI, kapilavastu, rAmagAma, pAvA vagere ATha pradezanA rAjavIoe dUta dvArA tathAgatanA avazeSa samAna asthio potAnA rAjayamAM maMgAvIne tenI upara stUpanI racanA karI. ane bhagavAnanA dAMta tathA dADhane devo laI gayAnuM varNana zrI AdinAthanA jevuM ja maLe che : ekAhi dAThA tidivehi pUjitA, ekApana gandhArapure mahIyati / kaliGgAraggo vijite punekaM, ekaM pana nAgarAjA maheti // catAlIsa samA dantA, kesA, lomA ca savvaso / tevA harinuM parva evA paramapatti 5 (mahAparinirvANa sUtra) A pramANe bhagavAna RSabhadeva ane tathAgata buddhanA jIvananI pUrva bhavonI jJAnArjana mATenI sAdhanAthI AraMbhIne anekavidha ghaTanAomAM adbhuta sAmya jovA maLe che : jagata ane jIvana pratyenI temanI dRSTi ane ciMtanamAM paNa evuM ja sAmya jovA maLe che. AhiMsAnI bhAvanAne siddha karanAra bhagavAna RSabhadevanI upasthitimAM haraNa ane siMha, sApa ane noLiyo, uMdara ane bilADI jevAM janmajAta vairabhAvanA rAkhanAra prANIo paNa arasaparasa snehabhAva jALavIne sAthe rahe che. to maitrI ane karuNA jevI bhAvanAone caritArtha karanAra bhagavAna buddha AzIviSa sarpa ke madonmatta hastirAjane kSaNavAramAM ja vaza karI le che ane aMgulimAla jevA DAkunuM hRdayaparivartana paNa sahajamAM kare che. jeNe mAra (rAga-dveSAdi) ne jItyo te bIjuM zuM na jItI zake ? ahiMsA, prema, maitrI, bhaNAzIlatA ane samabhAva jevA guNothI jemaNe potAnI aMdaranA ane bahAranA zatruo upara paNa mahAvijaya meLavyo che, tevA A yugapuruSoe ApelA dharmabodhamAM paNa ghaNI ekarUpatA che. zrI RSabhadeva kevaLa jJAnanI prApti pachI, yuddhonukha banelA potAnA putrone 2010_03

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tIrthakara RSabhadeva ane gautama buddha 99 upadeza ApatA kahe che : "he vatsagaNa ! puruSavratadhArI vIra puruSe to atyaMta drohakArI zatru sAthe ja yuddha karavuM ucita che. rAga-dveSa ane moha-kaSAya zat zat janmothI jIvane kSati pahoMcADanAra mahA zatruo che. rAga sadgatibAdhaka lokhaMDanI zRMkhalAnI jema bandhanakArI che. vaiSa narakanivAsanA baLavAna nyAsa samAna che. moha saMsAra-samudranA AvartamAM nikSepakArI ane kaSAya-agnitulya sva-Azrita vyaktione mATe dagdhakArI che. tethI manuSyo mATe e ucita che ke teo avinAzI evA (taparUpI) astro dvArA nirantara yuddha karIne vijayalAbha kare ane satyazaraNarUpa dharmanI sevA kare. A rAjayalakSmI to aneka janmomAM nikSepakAra, atyaMta duHkhadAyaka, abhimAnarUpa phaLane ApanArI ane nAzavAna che. vatsagaNa, pUrvajanmanA svargasukhothI paNa tamArI tRSNA tRpta thaI nathI to te rAjyalakSmI bhogavIne kevI rIte zAnta thaze. tethI tamAre mokSa prApti mATe saMyama sAmrAjayane grahaNa karavuM joIe... (triSaSTizalAkApuruSacaritazloka 827 thI 835, 844) anyatra rAjA bharatane upadeza ApatA kahe che : Adhi-vyAdhi-jarA ane mRtyurUpa hajAro javALAothI bharelo A saMsAra samasta prANIo mATe prajvalita agni samAna che... ataH jJAnI vyaktie jarA paNa pramAda karavo ucita nathI. uttama ratna jevo A manuSya janma maLavo durlabha che. (triSaSTizalAkApuruSacarita-zloka para-papa6) gautama buddhanI vANImAM paNa (dhammapada-AdhArita) A ja zabdono pratidhvani saMbhaLAya che. asthi ra sapo mA nalthi sosa samo nI.' rAga samAna agni nathI ane dveSa samAna zatru nathI. ema kahIne "taNAvayaM blaDu+vinati' tRSNAnA nAzathI ja duHkhane dUra karI zakAya che. tevo upadeza temaNe Apyo che. ma ra pAmavo ane papA maLyuM - pramAda ja mRtyu che tevo bodha ApIne apramAdanuM mahattva darzAvyuM che. temanI dRSTie nirvA pagati sati saMsAra nitya prajavalita hoya che ane ziSTha anusa paritno manuSya janma durlabha che. duHkhanI anivAryatA ane sukhanI kSaNabhaMguratA samajAvIne A baMne dharmasaMsthApakoe triratna-eTale ke bhagavAna RSabhadeve samyagu jJAna darzana ane cAritra tathA gautama buddhe zIla-samAdhi ane prajJAno upadeza Apyo che. samyakatva, samatAbhAva, ahiMsA ane maitrI Adi paNa temanA tattvadarzananA hArdarUpa che. bhagavAna RSabhadeva ane gautama buddha parama padanI prApti mATe dharmano dIpaka to pragaTAvyo, paNa te sAthe sarva sAmAnya manuSyonA surakSita ane pragatizIla jIvana mATe suvyavasthita ena susaMvAdI samAjaracanAne paNa mahattva ApyuM. lagabhaga sarvasvIkRta mAnyatA anusAra samAjanA nirmANanA kAryano AraMbha ja RSabhadevathI thayo che. yuropa ane amerikAnA vanaspatizAstrIoe paNa saMzodhana dvArA evA nirNaya para 2010_03

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100 vividhA AvyA che ke khAvAlAyaka ghauMnuM utpAdana sau prathama hindukuza ane himAlayanI vacce AvelA pradezamAM thayuM hatuM. RSabhadeve prajAne khetI karatA ane dhAnyane agnimAM pakavIne teno AhAra karavAnuM zIkhavyuM. dhAnyane agnimAM pakavavA mATe mATInA vAsaNa banAvavAnI preraNA ApI ane kuMbhArano cAka banAvyo. temaNe asi (rakSaNa) masi (vyApAra) ane kRSi (khetI)no AraMbha karyo. mahArAjA RSabhadeve prajAjanone zastra-lekhinI-vidyA-vepAra-khetI ane zilpa e cha kAryo dvArA AjIvikAno upadeza Apyo. lipi ane kaLAonuM zikSaNa temanuM AgavuM pradAna hatuM. karmanA upadeza vaDe temaNe karmayugano AraMbha karyo tethI teo "kRtayuga" athavA "yugakartA' kahevAyA. temaNe prajAnuM sArI rIte pAlana-poSaNa karyuM tethI "prajApati' paNa kahevAyA. temaNe lokone zeraDInA rasano upayoga karatAM zIkhavyuM. tethI ikvAku paNa kahevAyA. mAnava saMskRti ane sabhyatAno AraMbha temanAthI thAya che. gautama buddha paNa uttama rAjanItijJa ane samAjazAstranA jJAtA hovAnI pratIti, tripiTakanA aneka graMthone AdhAre maLe che. jana-jIvanano utkarSa sAdhavA temaNe gaNarAjyano uttama Adarza abhivyakta karyo hato. tatkAlIna rAjAo-prasenajita kosala, biMbisAra, ajAtazatru vagere rAjayazAsananuM saphaLa saMcAlana karavA, temanI pAsethI preraNA meLavatA hatA. te samAjahitaciMtaka ane bahujanahiteSI hatA. mahAvijita nAmanA eka rAjAnA saMdarbhamAM, samAjamAM badhAMnuM hita sadhAya tevA rAjayazAsana mATe buddhe kahyuM hatuM ke " rAjyamAM zAMti sthApavI hoya to yajJayAgAdi karAvAne badale jeo ApanA rAjayamAM khetI karavA icche che, teone Ape bI vagare ApavAM, jeo vepAra karavA icche che, teone mUDI ApavI, je sarakArI nokarI karavA icche che, tene yogya pagAra ApI teno yogya kAmamAM upayoga karavo. Ama karavAthI rAjyamAM baMDa thavAno saMbhava rahaze nahi.' - gautama buddhe kRSi-khetIne paNa mahattva ApyuM che. temaNe suttanipAtanA kasibhAradvAja suttamAM potAno kheDUta tarIke paricaya Apyo che - alabatta, temano nirdeza AdhyAtmika sAdhanAnA saMdarbhamAM hato. teo kahe che : "zraddhA e mAruM bIja che, tapazcaryA e vRSTi che, prajJA e dhUsarI ane haLa che, pApalajjA e haLanuM lAMbu lAkaDuM che, citta dorI che ane smRti (jAgRti, sAvadhAnatA) e phaLuM tathA cAbUka che...mArI A amRtaphaladAyaka khetI che, tenAthI manuSya badhA duHkhomAMthI mukta thAya che." A pramANe baMne dharmasaMsthApakonA jIvanamAM ane tattvadarzanamAM ghaNuM sAmya jovA maLe che. janma, mahAparinirvANa vagere ghaTanAonuM sAmya kadAca sAhityika ke rUDhigata paripATInA pariNAma svarUpa hoI zake. paraMtu satya, ahiMsA, asteya, 2010_03

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tIrthakara RSabhadeva ane gautama buddha 101 aparigraha, rAga-dveSAdinA kSayanuM ane saMyamapAlananuM mahattva vagere nItimUlaka sadAcAranA temanA upadezanuM sAmya paNa noMdhapAtra che. lagabhaga badhA ja dharmA ke saMpradAyomAM pratyeka sthaLe ane kALe teno svIkAra thayo che. dharmanAM mULa tattvo zAzvata ke sanAtana hovAnI vAtanuM te samarthana kare che. jIvana jIvavAnI vaijJAnika rItanuM ja temAM nidarzana che. dharma e jIvananA AcAra-vicAra vizenuM vijJAna ja che. mananI zAMta avasthA ane AhAra-vihArano saMyama ApaNA Arogyane surakSita rAkhe che - ema Aje ApaNane vijJAna kahe che. paNa ApaNA A krAntadaSTA dharmapuruSoe e vAta saMskRtinA udayakALe ja jaNAvI hatI. ane buddha jevA yuganAyakoe tenuM yuge yuge samarthana karyuM hatuM. e dRSTie bhagavAna RSabhadeva ane tathAgata buddha mahAna dharmasaMsthApako hovAnI sAthe AjanA saMdarbhamAM kahevuM hoya to mahAna vaijJAniko paNa hatA. temane zata zat vaMdana. 2010_03

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10ra vividhA uvasaggahara stotra : savagI samIkSA OM aha~ pArzvanAthAya hI namaH / / stotrasarjananuM mukhya prerakabaLa che bhakti. upAse paramAtmAnA svarUpa guNAdimAM cittane kendrita karIne upAsaka tenI stuti ane ArAdhanA kare che. - tuM dhAtumAMthI niSpanna "tuti' zabdano artha che ArAdhya devanI prazaMsA ke stuti, stava, stavana, stuti ane stotra zabdo lagabhaga samAnArthI che. stutimAM vyakti ane bhagavAna vaccenA saMbaMdha parokSa hoI zake che, paNa stotramAM to ArAdhaka pratyakSa rIte ja iSTadevane saMbodhIne AAhadaye prArthanA kare che. stotra nA vyutpattijanya artha anusAra jenAthI stuti karAya te stotra - sUte ane rUti stotram vyutpattijanya arthAnusAra stotra dvArA ArAdhyanI stuti evo artha niSpanna thAya che. A stotra kAvya prakAra bhAratIya RSionA hRdayano prathama udgAra che. vaidika stotA krAntadeSTA kavi paNa che. stotra gAnAra stotA kahevAtA. A stotranI vANI aMta:karaNamAMthI svataH prasUta hovAne kAraNe ja te zuddha kAvya tarIke puraskRta thayuM. A stotra-kAvya-prakAra vizvamAM prAyaH sarvaprathama bhAratIya bhUmi para aMkurita thayo ne kALanAM vArisicanathI pallavita thayo. vizvanA vividha dezomAM AdikALathI manuSya prakRtine udabodhIne karelI prArthanAomAM A stotrakAvyanAM mULa joI zakAya che. paraMtu vedanI RcAomAM tenuM parizuddha kAvyasvarUpa ane hRdayasparzitA jovA anubhavavA maLe che. samayanI sAthe sAthe vividha dharma saMpradAyomAM paNa bhaktibhAvathI prerita mAnavahRdayanI Urmio stuti, bhakti, zaraNAgati ane prArthanA svarUpe stotrakAvyamAM adyApiparyata pragaTa thatI rahI che. stotranI gAthA saMkhyA, racanA paddhati, viSayanirUpaNa ane ISTadevanA anusaMdhAnI dRSTie stotranA aneka prakAro jovA maLe che. manuSya ane iSTadeva vacceno, AtmAno paramAtmA sAtheno rAgAtmaka paNa vizuddha anubaMdha temAM sadhAya che. bhAratIya saMskRtimAM hiMdu, jaina ane bauddha - traNe stotra paraMparAo eka sAthe vikasatI ane paraspara prabhAvita thatI rahI hovA chatAM jaina stotrakAvyomAM pragaTa thatA maMtra, yaMtra ane bhAvanAzIlatAne kAraNe tenuM eka nijI viziSTa AgavuM svarUpa praphuTita thAya che. jainadharmamAM bhaktamAra, kalyANa maMdira, jayavIrAya vagere stotronI jema uvagahara stotranuM paNa, stotra-yaMtra ane maMtranI upAsanAnI daSTie ghaNuM mAhAbhya svIkArAyuM che. tenA vize aneka TIkAgraMtho ane bhASya racAyAM che. tathA A stotra mUrtipUjaka saMpradAyamAM maMdiramAM jaIne nityakarmarUpe karAtA caityavaMdanamAM nizcita sthAna pAmeluM che. jainadharmanA aneka bhakta-upAsako zraddhApUrvaka 108, 21 ke 7 vAra teno pATha kare che. stotranA svarUpanI daSTie : caityavaMdana AdimAM bolAtI stutio (ke kyAreka maMtro) mAtra eka zloka 2010_03

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uvasaggahara stotra : savagI samIkSA 103 ke eka ja gAthAnI hoya che. ane stavana ke stotra ochAmAM ochA pAMca gAthAnA hoya evI paripATI che. e dRSTie A uvasaggahara stotra, stotranI saMjJA mATe upayukta che. stotranA ArAdhya tIrthaMkara deva zrI pArzvanAtha apratima mAhAbhya dharAvatA, jemanAM darzana ane vANI pratyeka bhaktahRdaya mATe ati sanmAnane pAtra hatAM ane bhagavAna mahAvIre paNa jemano "puruSAdAnIya pArtha tarIke ati AdarapUrvaka ullekha karyo hato tevA jainadharmanA 23mA tIrthakara zrI pArzvanAtha vizenuM prastuta stotra sUtrAtmaka rUpe ane atyaMta saMkSepamAM temanA vyApaka prabhAvane pragaTa kare che. stotranI prathama gAthAmAM ja bhagavAnane maMtra ane sthAna nA AvAsarUpe tathA cothI gAthAmAM vitAmaLi ne nyapa tarIke varNavyA che. kadAca tenAthI ja prerAIne temanA koI bhakta upAsake A cAre zabdone vizeSanAma rUpe prayojIne, maMtra, nyA, vitAmaUo ane vanyapa nAmanI zrI pArzvanAthajInI cAra mUrtio banAvIne caturmukha, caumukhajI rUpa Abu parvata upara delavADAmAM kharataravasahInA prathama majalAmAM sthApita karI che. pUrva dizAmAM dvitALa pArzvanAtha che. A mUrtio bhavya ane nava phaNAovALI che, je bhagavAna pArzvanAthanA mAhAbhyano sAkSAtkAra karAve che. zrI pArzvanAthajInuM jIvanacaritra temanI anupama kRpA-karuNA ane siddhiono vizada paricaya karAve che. pArzvanAtha bhagavAna maMgala ane kalyANane karanArA che, ciMtAmaNi ratnanI jema citAonuM pariharaNa kare che ane kalpavRkSanI jema manovAMcchitane mUrta kare che. stotranuM nirdiSTa lakSya ane 3vasa zabdanI vyutpatti : stotranA zIrSakane AdhAre spaSTa thAya che tema A stotranuM lakSya Adhi-vyAdhiupAdhirUpa vighno ane sarpaviSa-bhUtapreta AdithI thatA upasargone stuti dvArA dUra karAvavAnuM che. 3vasI zabda saMskRta 35 zabda sAthe sAmya dharAve che. arthAta dhvaniparivartana anusAra 3pasa mAMthI 3vasa" zabda banyo che. 3pasa zabda 3pa upasargavALA vRka dhAtuthI banelo che teno artha vipna ke Adhi-vyAdhi-upAdhirUpa muzkelI evo thaI zake, paraMtu jaina sAhitya anusAra teno artha anya dvArA karAyelA upadrava evo thAya che. tenI vyAkhyA A rIte karavAmAM Ave che : nava 35kRttei savaMdhyate pariHi sa yasmatta 353 : jenA dvArA jIva duHkha vedanA vagere sAthe saMbaMdhavALo thAya che te upasarga che. zrI hemacaMdrAcArya abhidhAnaciMtAmaNi (2.39) mAM 35 3padrava: evo artha kare che. A upasargo traNa prakAranA che : 1. devatAkRta-bhUta-pretAdinA upasarga, 2. manuSya dvArA maMtra-taMtra Adi prakAre thatA upadrava, 3. tiryaMca kRta. siMha, vyAdhra, hAthI, 2010_03

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104 vividhA magara, sarpa AdithI udbhavatA upadrava. arthakalpalamAM AtmAne anubhavavA paDatA klezAdino paNa AtmasaMvedanI evo cotho prakAra Apyo che : - 31: vidyamaanuss-tairshcaa''tmsNvedniiybhedaaccturvidhaaH / A vividha prakAranA upasargone-upadravone dUra karavA mATe A stotramAM zrI pArzvanAthajIne zraddhApUrvaka prArthanA karavAmAM AvI che. stotranA racayitA ane racanAsamaya : uvasaggahara stotranA racayitA zrI bhadrabAhu svAmI hovAno spaSTa ullekha nIcenI gAthAmAM maLe che. uvasaggaharaM thottaM, kAuNaM jeNa saMghakallANaM / karuNAyareNa vihiyaM, sa bhaddabAhu guru jayau / karuNApUrNa hRdayavALA, jemaNe upasargahara stotra racIne zrIsaMghanuM kalyANa karyuM che tevA zrI bhadrabAhu svAmIno jaya thAo. - jaina sAhityamAM zrI bhadrabAhu svAmInA vividha ullekho maLe che. paraMtu AcAryazrI yazobhadrasUrinA bIjA paTTadhara, chellA pUrvadhara zrI bhadrabAhu svAmInI apekSAe A stotra I.sa.nI chaThThI sadInI AsapAsa prakAMDa jyotiSI varAhamihiranA baMdhu mahAna AcArya zrI bhadrabAhu svAmIe racyuM hovAnI saMbhAvanA savizeSa che. temanA bhAI varAhamihire mRtyu bAda vyaMtara thaIne gata janmanA dveSane kAraNe, zrIsaMghamAM mahAmArIno upadrava karyo, tyAre tenuM zamana karavA zrI bhadrabAhu svAmIe A prabhAvaka stotra racI zrIsaMghane teno pATha karavA jaNAvyuM. tenAthI mahAmArIno upadrava dUra thayo. te samayathI ja A stotrano Ihalaukika ane pAralaukika artha samajAtA zrIsaMgha ane jaina dharmanA upAsako dvArA pATha karavAno AraMbha thayo. A bhadrabAhu svAmIe Avazyaka, dazavaikAlika, uttarAdhyayana...vagere graMthonI niryuktanI ane anya graMthonI racanA karI hovAnA ullekho paNa maLe che. stotranI gAthA saMkhyA : A stotranA pAMca gAthAvALA pAThane sAmAnya rUpe sarvatra mAnyatA maLelI che. paNa samaya jatAM temAM keTalIka anya gAthAono paNa prakSepa thayo che. tethI sAMprata samayamAM A stotranA 9 gAthAnA, 13 gAthAnA, 17 gAthAnA, 21 gAthAnA tathA 27 gAthAnA pATho paNa pracalita banyA che. uvasaggahara stotranA sarva TIkAkAroe A stotranI pAMca gAthAo para ja TIkA karI che. vaLI zrI rAjazekhara sUrie caturvizatiprabaMdhamAM jaNAvyuM che ke : "tataH pUrvebhyaM uddhRtya 'uvasaggaharaM pAsaM' ityAdi stavanagAthA paccakamayaM saddabdhaM mufma:" vaLI pUrva AcAryomAMthI uddharaNa laIne "uvasaggaharaM pAsuM e zabdotha zarU thatuM pAMca gAthAvALuM stavana guru vaDe racAyuM. 2010_03

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dravyayoganuM svarUpa ane prajJApanA sUtramAM tenuM nirUpaNa 105 dravyayoganuM svarUpa ane prajJApanA sUtramAM tenuM nirUpaNa vizva paramezvaranuM sarjana hovAnI mAnyatAno jainadharme svIkAra karyo nathI. samagra vizva mukhyatve be prakAranAM dravya : jIva e ajIvamAMthI sarjAyuM hovAnuM jainadarzana jaNAve che. A baMne dravya nitya, asRSTa, saha astittva dharAvatA ane svataMtra che. vizvanAM bhinna bhinna svarUpo A dravyonA saMghaTana vighaTanane kAraNe jovA maLe che. jainadarzananA sRSTinA svarUpa vizenA vaijJAnaka daSTikoNano samucita paricaya A dravyAnuyoga dvArA ja maLe che. jainadarzananA ahiMsA, anekAnta, aparigraha jevA siddhAMtonI jema dravyAnuyoga paNa tenuM viziSTa pradAna che. zrImad tenAthI ghaNA prabhAvita thayA hatA. temaNe jaNAvyuM ke sarvadarzana eka jainadarzanamAM samAya che. temAM paNa jaina eka darzana che. bauddha kSaNikavAdI paryAyarUpe "sata' che. vedAMta-sanAtana=dravyarUpe sat che. cArvAka nirIzvaravAdI-jayAM sudhI AtmAnI pratIti thaI nathI tyAM sudhI tene oLakhavArUpe "satuM' che - paNa zuddha caitanya anaMta Atmadravya kevalajJAna svarUpa zaktirUpe te jene saMpUrNa vyakta thayuM che tathA vyakta thavAno je puruSo mArga pAmyA che te parama nigraMtha mArga che...ane mahAvIra svAmIe dravya kSetra, kALa ane bhAvathI - upadezelo mArga sarvasvarUpe yathAtathya che. sadgururUpa vaidya dvArA AtmabrAnti TALIne rAga-dveSAdi kaSAyothI rahita thaIne zuddha buddha caitanyane, svarUpane pAmavA mATe dravyAnuyogane mahattvano gaNavAmAM Avyo che. cAra anuyoga-jainadarzanamAM jaNAvelA cAra anuyoga A pramANe che. 1. dravyAnuyoga : lokone vize rahelAM dravyo, tenuM svarUpa, guNa, dharma, hetu, sahetu, paryAya Adi anaMta anaMta prakAre che, tenuM jemAM varNana che te dravyAnuyoga. caraNAnuyoga : dravyAnuyoganuM svarUpa samajAyA pachI kema cAlavuM te saMbaMdhIne varNana te caraNAnuyoga. 3. gaNitAnuyoga : dravyAnuyoga tathA caraNAnuyogathI tenI gaNatarInuM pramANa tathA lokane vize rahelA padArtha, bhAvo, kSetra, kALAdinI gaNatarInA pramANanI je vAta te gaNitAnuyoga. 4. dharmakathAnuyoga : puruSonAM dharmacaritranI je kathAo ke jeno dhaDo laI jIvane paDatAM avalaMbanakArI thaI pariName te dharmakathAnuyoga. A uparAMta karaNAnuyogamAM siddhAMtano samAveza thAya che. jJAnIe temAM aMtarmuhUrta AtmAno apratima upayoga mAnyo che. 2010_03

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106 vividhA A cAre anuyogamAM dravyAnuyoga sahaja rIte Avirbhata thayelo che. zrImad rAjacaMdrae dravyAnuyoganI mukta kaMThe prazaMsA karatA zrI dhArazIbhAInA patramAM tenI gaMbhIratA, tenI sUkSmatA, tenuM yathArtha pariNamavuM, tene mATenI yogyatA tathA mAhAbhya nIce pramANe varNavyAM che. dravyAnuyoga parama gaMbhIra ane sUkSma che, nigraMtha pravacananuM rahasya che, zukla dhyAnanuM ananya kAraNa che, zukla dhyAnathI kevaLa jJAna samutpanna thAya che. mahAbhAgya vaDe te dravyAnuyoga prApta thAya che...samAdhinuM rahasya e ja che, sarva duHkhathI mukta thavAno upAya e ja che." dravyAnuyoga saMdarbhe anya graMthonI apekSAe zrI nemicaMdrasiddhAntidevakRta dravyasaMgraha ane zrI kuMdakuMdAcAryakukta paMcAstikAya mahattvanA graMtho che. dravyanI paribhASA ane prakAra : dravyAnA mukhya be prakAra che : jIva ane ajIva, ajIvanA pAMca prakAra che: pugala, dharma, adharma AkAza ane kALa. tene A pramANe darzAvI zakAya. dravya jIva aMjIva 1 . pudagala dharma adharma AkAza kALa zrImad rAjacaMdrae ati saMkSepamAM dravyonuM sAmAnya svarUpa A rIte samajAvyuM che. vizva anAdi che. AkAza sarvavyApaka che. temAM loka rahyo che. jaDa cetanAtma saMpUrNa bharapUra loka che. dharma adharma, AkAza, kALa ane pudgala e jaDa dravya che. jIva dravya cetana che. dharma, adharma, AkAza, kALa e cAra amUrta dravya che. vastutAe kALa aupacArika dravya che. dharma, adharma AkAza ekeka dravya che. kALa, pudgala ane jIva anaMta dravya che. dravya guNaparyAyAtma che. 2010_03

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dravyayoganuM svarUpa ane prajJApanA sUtramAM tenuM nirUpaNa 107 - umAsvAti sata dvArA dravyanI vyAkhyA kare che - satu dravya lakSaNam sat dravyanuM lakSaNa che. jaina dRSTie A dravyone astittva che - sattA che. tethI tene ati kahevAmAM Ave che. tene aneka pradezo hovAthI tane kAya (aneka pradezono samUha) paNa kahevAmAM Ave che. Ama dravya te astikAya che. pradeza eTale pudgalanA eka avibhAjaya paramANu dvArA rokAyelo hoya evo avakAzAdikano eka bhAga. pudagalano eka paramANu jeTaluM AkAza (sthAna) roke te pradeza kahevAya che. A rIte je dravyomAM eka ke asaMkhya pradeza hoya che tene astikAya kahevAya che. jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma ane AkAzane aneka pradezo hovAthI te astikAya che, jyAre kALane pradeza nahi hovAne kAraNe te anastikAya che. zrI kuMdakuMdAcArya paMcAstikAyamAM satmAM rahelA je sadabhAvaparyAyo che tene je drave che te dravya evI paribhASA ApI che. sadUbhAvaparyAyone arthAta svabhAvavizeSone je drave che, pAme che, sAmAnya svarUpe vyApe che, te dravya che. athavA to ke sat lakSaNavALuM che, je utpAda, vyaya ane prauvyathI yukta che athavA je guNaparyAyono AzrayarUpa che, tene sarvajJo dravya kahe che. dravyanI utpatti ke vinAza nathI, tenA paryAyo ja vyaya, utpatti ane dhruvatA kare che. paNa dravyArtha paryAyArthanI apekSAthI dravyanA be bhAga pADyA che. zuddha nayanI daSTie sahavartI guNo ane kramavartI paryAyonA sabhAvarUpa ane traNe kALa TakanArAM dravyano vinAza ke utpatti zakya nathI, te anAdi anaMta che. paNa tenA paryAyomAMsahavartI paryAyomAM prauvyanA guNa sAthe vinAza ane utpAda paNa saMbhave che, tethI te vinAza ane utpAdathI yukta che. tethI dravya dravyArthika daSTie vinAzarahita utApadarihata ane sat svabhAvavALu che ane te ja paryAyArthika kathanathI utpAdavALuM ane vinAzavALuM dravya ane paryAyano apRthakabhAva darzAvavAmAM Avyo che tevI ja rIte dravya ane guNano paNa vastupaNe abheda che. dravyane svadravya, kSetra, kALa ane svabhAvanI daSTie ane saptabhaMgInA saMdarbhamAM paNa varNavavAmAM AvyuM che. svadravya eTale nija guNaparyAyonI AdhArabhUta vastu pote; svakSetra eTale vastuno nija vistAra arthAt svapradezasamUha; svakALa eTale vastuno potAno vartamAna paryAya; svabhAva eTale nijaguNa-svazakti. A dravya keTalIka rIte vyaya ane utpAdavALuM hovA chatAM tene avinAzI ane ajanmA kahyuM che. bhAva, je satpaNe pravarte che, astittva dharAve che, teno dravyasvarUpe vinAza thato nathI. evI ja rIte je abhAva che, tenI dravyasvarUpe utpatti nathI. teno je vinAza ane utpatti dekhAya che. te guNaparyAyonuM svarUpanI dRSTie parivartana che. 2010_03

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108 vividhA 3. pahelAnI avasthAnA guNaparyAyo nAza pAmIne pariNAmI bIjI avasthAnA guNaparyAyo rUpe udbhave che. dehano nAza thatAM dehIno nAza thato nathI, je utpanna thAya che ane laya pAme che te deva-mAnava vagere paryAyo ke svarUpo che. jIva ajIva dravyano prakArabheda vizeSa paricaya : jIva : 1. te nitya caitanya svabhAvarUpa-upayoganA lakSaNavALo hovAthI eka ja che. 2. jJAna ane darzana evA bhedane kAraNe be prakArano che. utpAda, dhrauvya ane vinAza e traNa lakSaNavALo hovAthI athavA karmaphaLa cetanA, kAryacetanA ane jJAnacetanA e traNa prakAre traNa lakSaNavALo che. 4. deva, manuSya, nAraka ane tiryaMca - e cAra gatimAM paribhramaNa karato hovAthI caturvidha bhramaNavALo che. 5. pAriNAmika, dArika vagere pAMca mukhya guNonI pradhAnatA hovAne kAraNe paMcAgra guNapradhAna che. jIva cAra dizAmAM ane upara tathA nIce ema cha dizAmAM gamana karato hovAthI cha apakramasahita che. 7. asti, nAsti vagere saptabhaMgI yukta hovAne kAraNe saptabhaMgI che. jJAnavaraNa vagere A karmo athavA samyakatva vagere ATha guNonA AzrayabhUta hovAne kAraNe aSTa Azraya che. 9. nava padArtha ke tattvo jIva, ajIva, pApa, puSya, Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, baMdha ane mokSarUpe pravartamAna hovAthI nava artharUpa che. 10. agni, pANI, vAyu, pRthvI, sAdhAraNa vanaspati, pratyeka vanaspati, kIndriya, tridriya, caturidriya ane paMcendriyarUpa daza sthAnomAM prApta hovAthI dazasthAnagata ajIva : pudgala dravyamAMthI sarjita koI samagra vastu enA akhaMDa svarUpamAM skaMdha che. tenA ardha bhAgane deza kahe che. dezanA ardha bhAgane pradeza ane tenA chevaTanA avibhAgI bhAgane paramANu kahe che. temAM rasa, varNa, graMtha ane sparzanA guNa che, paNa koI eka samaye te eka ja prakAranA rasa ke varNAdithI yukta hoya che. pudagalanA cha prakAra che ane tenAthI traNa loka utpanna thAya che. dharma ane adharma dravyanI vizeSatA paNa varNavI che. loka ane alokano vibhAga dharma ane adharmane kAraNe bane che. mATe dharma ane adharma vidyamAna che, temanuM 2010_03

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dravyayoganuM svarUpa ane prajJApanA sUtramAM tenuM nirUpaNa astitva che. jIva pudagalanA gati ane sthitinA bAhyaraMga hetune lIdhe dharma ane adharmano svIkAra karavAmAM Ave che. svabhAvadharmanI dRSTie teo bhinna che, lokAkAzanA eka ja kSetramAM temanuM astitva hovAthI, eka kSetra hovAthI abhinna che. samasta lokamAM rahelAM jIva-pudgalone gati-sthitimAM sahAyaka hovAthI samasta lokamAM vyApta che. lokapramANa che. A dharma ane adharma jIva-pudgalone gati-sthiti karavAmAM hetubhUta ke preraka nathI. te pote niSkriya che, udAsIna che. paraMtu samasta gati ane sthitiyukta padArtho potAnA ja hetuthI gati ke sthiti kare che ane dharma-adharma temAM sahAyaka ke AzrayarUpa bane che. 109 A SaTa dravyAtmaka lokamAM bAkInAM dravyone je pUrepUro avakAza Ape che, te AkAza che, te temane mATe vizuddha kSetrarUpa che. AkAzanA lokAkAza ane alokAkAza evA be bhAga paDe che. jIva vagere dravyo (AkAza sivAyanAM) lokAkAzamAM astittva dharAve che. lokathI uparanA bhAgamAM jene alokAkAza kahevAmAM Ave che te anaMta ane lokathI anya che ane ananya paNa che. temAM gati sthiti hotI nathI. tethI siddha bhagavaMto Urdhvagamana karIne lokanA agrabhAge birAje che. gati-sthitino hetu AkAza vize nathI. dharma tathA adharma ja gati ane sthitinA heturUpa che. dharma, adharma ane AkAza samAna parimANavALAM hovAne lIdhe ja eka ja AkAzamAM avagAhana karIne sAthe rahelAM hovAne kAraNe ja ekatvavALAM che, paNa vyavahAramAM temanA svabhAvadharmagatihetutva, sthitihetutva ane avagAhahetutva bhinna bhinna hovAthI ekabIjAthI bhinna paNa che. temanA pradezo paNa bhinna bhinna che. dravyanA rUpamAM je parivartana thAya che ane samaya je ghaTikAdi rUpe jaNAya che te vyavahArikA che, paNa tenA AdhArabhUta dravya je svayaM upAdAnarUpe pariNamatA padArthone pariNamana kriyAmAM 'vartanA' rUpe sahakArI thAya che, te nizcayakALa che. nizcaya naya pramANe kALa aNurUpa che, retInA kaNonI jema svatva gumAvyA sivAya te sAthe rahI zake che. anya dravyonI jema kALane aneka pradezo nahi hovAthI te 'anastikAya' che. tene 'astikAya' nI saMjJA ApavAmAM AvI nathI. A dravyomAM AkAza, kALa, jIva, dharma ane adharma amUrta che. pudagala dravya mUrta che. temAM jIva cetana che. A lokamAM iMdriyo dvArA grAhya padArtho mUrta che. ane iMdriyo dvArA jenuM grahaNa thaI zakatuM nathI te amUrta che. jIva svarUpe amUrta che paNa pudagala dravyone saMyoga thatA mUrta bane che. prajJApanA sUtramAM jIva-ajIva dravyanuM nirUpaNa : jainadarzananA dravyAnuyoganuM nirUpaNa vividha AgamagraMthomAM thayuM che. temAM paNa 2010_03

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vividhA pannavaNA-sutta-prajJApanAsUtramAM jIva-ajIva dravyonI prajJApanA prakAra, sthAna, sthiti, vizeSa, vyutkrAnti, saMjJA, yoni, bhASA, zarIra, pariNAma, lezyA, karmabandha..vagere 36 padonA saMdarbhamAM vistAra ane atyaMta sUkSmapaNe karavAmAM AvI che. temAM jIva ane ajIvanI je vividha prakArabhede carcA karavAmAM AvI che, tenuM nIce pramANe pRththakaraNa karavAthI vizeSa grAhya bane tema che : prajJApanAnA mukhya be prakAra che. jIva ane ajIva. 110 saMsAra samApanna jIva prajJApanA che : asaMsAra samApanna nAraka tiryaMca manuSya devagati anaMtara siddha paraMparA siddha jIva ane ajIva dravyanA anya sUkSma vargIkaraNo paNa ahIM ApavAmAM AvyA che jemake, 2010_03 arUpI ajIva prajJApanA ajIva prajJApanA rUpI ajIva saMsAra samApanna jIvaprajJApanA ekendriya be indriya te indriya carindriya paMcendriya pRthvIkAyika apa-kAyika tejakAyika vAyukAyika vanaspatikAyika A darekanA sUkSma ane bAdara ema be prakAra gaNAvyA che. ajIva prajJApanAnA be prakAro varNavIne tenA sUkSma bheda paNa A rIte darzAvyA che : arUpI ajIva dharma prajJApanAnA dasa prakAra che : dharmAstikAya, dharmAstikAyano deza, ane dharmAstikAyanA pradezo, adharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAyano deza, adharmAstikAyanA pradezo ane kALa. rUpI ajIva prajJApanAnA cAra prakAra che : skaMdho, skaMdha dezo, skaMdha pradezo ane paramaNu pudagalo. pudagalanA pAMca prakAra

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dravyayoganuM svarUpa ane prajJApanA sUtramAM tenuM nirUpaNa pudagala varNapariNata gaMdhapariNata rasapariNata sparzapariNata saMsthAnapariNata A pratyeka dravyanA sthAnAdi bhede je vividha paryAyonuM ahIM nirUpaNa thayuM che, Azcaryajanaka che. atyaMta sUkSmatA, gahanatA ane krAntadarzitA vaDe pUjaya tIrthaMkara svAmIe sakaLa lokanuM je citra sUtrAtmakarUpe ahIM pragaTa karyuM che, tenuM sA22hasya pAmavuM muzkela che. jema ke manuSyonA bheda jaNAvatA tenA be prakAra darzAvyA che H saMmUrNima manuSyo ane garbhaja manuSyo. devonA cAra prakAra che H bhavanagAmI, vyaMtara, jyotiSTha ane vaijJAnika. pRthvIkAyika, vanaspatikAyika vagerenA to asaMkhya bhedo varNavyA che. te darekanAM sthAno, sthiti, alpabAhutva, saMkhyAvizeSa, vyutkrAnti, ucchavAsa vagere vize vistArathI mAhitI ApI che. 111 dasa saMjJAo : AhAra, bhaya, maithuna, parigraha, krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, loka ane otha saMjJA temanuM vizada varNana ane tenA upayoga vizenI talasparzI mAhitI ahI maLe che. vividha dRSTie yoninA prakAra A pramANe che yoni zIta uSNa zItoSNa saMvRtta vivRtta saMvRttivivRtta karyonnatA saMkhAvartA vaMzIpatrA sacitta acitta mizra pRthvInA ATha prakAra gaNAvIne audArika, vaikriya, AhAraka, taijasa ane kAryaNa - e zarIranA bhedonuM paNa ahIM dravyAnuyoga saMdarbhe varNana upalabdha thAya che. pariNAma, indriyo, uddeza, paMdara prakAranA prayogo, cha prakAranI lezyAo, bAvIsa prakAranI kAryasthiti, antakriyA-cyavana-utpatti; saMsthAna, kriyAo, ATha prakAranI karmaprakRti; AhAra, bhavya, saMjJA, lezyA, dRSTi saMghata, kaSAya, jJAna, yoga, upayoga, veda, zarIra ane paryApti vagerenA saMdarbhamAM jIva dravyanuM kareluM vistRta nirUpaNaprajJApanA khUba mahattvanI ane noMdhapAtra che. jainadarzananA dravya siddhAntano samagra paricaya ahIM upalabdha nathI. dharma, adharma, kALa, pudagala ane AkAza vizenA keTalAka ullekho mAtra maLe che. paNa vividha dRSTikoNathI thayelI jIvadravyanI prajJApanA jainadharmanuM eka viziSTa parimANa ApaNI samakSa pragaTa kare che. 2010_03

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112 jainadarzanamAM karmasiddhAMta jainadarzanamAM karmasiddhAMtanuM vizada, vaijJAnika ane ati sUkSma rIte nirUpaNa kareluM che. vaijJAnika dRSTie kAryakAraNanA siddhAMtanuM je mahattva che, tevuM ja mahattva naitikamUlyonI dRSTie AcAra-darzanamAM karmasiddhAMtanuM che. AcAradarzana karmasiddhAMtamAM AdhAre ja samAjamAM naitikatAnI pratiSThA ane tene mATe niSThA jAgRta karI zake che. karmasiddhAMta anusAra ja vartamAnakAlika kAyika-vAcika ane mAnasika karmo bhUtakAlIna karmothI prabhAvita hoya che ane bhaviSyamAM karmone prabhAvita karavAnI kSamatAthI yukta hoya che. AtmA zubha ke azubha bhAva bhAvita kare te vakhate AtmA tarapha AvatA pudagalone kAryaNavargaNA kahe che, jene AtmA sAthe baMdhAyA pachIthI karma kahevAya che, AtmA tarapha AvatA karmapravAhane Asrava kahe che. AtmA ane kAryaNavargaNAno karmarUpa saMyoga te karmabaMdhana che. saMsArI jIva mukhyatve abaddha nokarma baddha nokarma, dravyakarma ane bhAvakarma dvArA karmabaMdhane pAme che. karma anaMta prakAranAM che. temAM mukhyatve be ghAtI ane aghAtI karma che. te baMnenA cAra cAra prakAra che. ema kula ATha prakAranAM karmone mahattvanA gaNavAmAM Ave che. karma vividhA ghAtI aghAtI jJAnAvaraNIya darzanAvaraNIya mohanIya aMtarAya vedanIya nAma gotra AyuSya AtmAnA mukhya ane mULa guNono ghAta kare, nAza kare te ghAtI karma che. AtmAno zarIrAdi padArtho sAthe saMyoga, viyoga karAve, zarIranI zAtAazAtA upajAvavA Adima nimitta bane tevAM karmone aghAtI karma kahevAya che. 1. zAnAvaraNIya karma : jevI rIte vAdaLa sUrya prakAzane DhAMkI de che, eja rIte je karmavarNagAo AtmAnI jJAnazaktine DhAMkI (chUpAvI) de che ane thoDAka jJAnanI prAptimAM naDatararUpa bane che, te jJAnAvaraNIya karma kahevAya che. jJAnAvaraNIya karmanA baMdhananAM kAraNa je kAraNothI jJAnAvaraNIya karmanuM paramANu AtmAthI saMyojita thaIne jJAna-zaktine kuMThita kare che, te 6 (cha) che. 1. pradoSa - jJAnInI niMdA karavI ane enA avaguNa batAvavA. 2010_03 -

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jainadarzanamAM karmasiddhAMta 113 2. niddha - jJAnano upakAra svIkAra na karavo athavA koI viSayane jANavA chatAM tenI avagaNanA karavI. 3. antarAya : jJAnanI prAptimAM naDatararUpa banavuM. jJAnI ane jJAnanA sAdhana pustaka vagerene naSTa karavA. 4. mAtsarya - vidvAno pratye dveSa - buddhi rAkhavI, jJAnanA sAdhana pustaka vagere pratye aruci rAkhavI. 5. asAdanA - jJAna ane jJAnI puruSonA vAkyono svIkAra na karavo, emano sArI rIte vinaya na karavo e, 6. upaghAta - vidvAnonI sAthe mithyAgrahayukta visaMvAda karavo athavA svArthavaza satyane asatya siddha karavAno prayatna karavo. uparanA cha prakAranuM anaitika AcaraNa vyaktinI jJAnazaktine kuMThita karavAnuM kAraNa che. jJAnAvaraNIya karmano vipAka - vipAkanI dRSTithI jJAnAvaraNIya karmanA kAraNa pAMca rUpamAM AtmAnI jJAna-zaktinuM AvaraNa hoya che. 1. matijJAnAvaraNa - aindrika ane mAnasika jJAna-kSamatAno abhAva. 2 zruti jJAnAvaraNa - bauddhika athavA AgamajJAna upalabdha na thavuM. 3. avadhijJAnAvaraNa - atindriya jJAna-kSamatAno abhAva. 4. manaH paryAya jJAnAvaraNa : bIjAnI mAnasika avasthAonuM jJAna prApta karI levAnI zaktino abhAva. 5. kevala jJAnAvaraNa : pUrNajJAna prApta karavAnI kSamatAno abhAva. kyAreka-kyAreka vipAkanI dRSTithI tenA 10 bheda batAvavAmAM AvyA che. 1. sAMbhaLavAnI zaktino abhAva, 2. sAMbhaLIne meLavela jJAna upalabdha na thavuM, 3. daSTi zaktino bhAva. 4.dazyajJAna upalabdha na thavuM, 5. gaMdhagrahaNa (pArakhavAnI) karavAnI zaktino abhAva, 6. gaMdha saMbaMdhI jJAna upalabdha na thavuM, 7. svAdagrahaNa karavAnI zaktino abhAva, 8. svAda saMbaMdhI jJAna upalabdha na thavuM, 9. sparza-kSamatAno abhAva ane 10. sparza saMbaMdhI jJAna upalabdha na thavuM. 2. darzanAvaraNIya karma : jevI rIte dvArapALa rAjAnA darzanamAM avarodharUpa hoya che eja rIte karmavargaNAo AtmAnI darzana zaktimAM avarodharUpa hoya che, te darzanAvaraNIya karma kahevAya che. jJAna pahelA thanAra vastu tattvano nirvikalpa bodha, jemAM sattA sivAya koI vizeSa guNa dharmanI prApti thatI nathI, tane darzana kahevAya che. darzanAvaraNIya karma AtmAnA darzana-guNane AvRtta kare che. 2010_03

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114 vividhA darzanAvaraNIya karmabaMdhanuM kAraNa - jJAnAvaraNIya karmanI jema ja cha prakAranA azubha AcaraNa dvArA darzanAvaraNIya karmano baMdha thAya che - 1. samyaka dRSTinI niMdA karavI athavA enA pratye akRtajJa banavuM, 2. mithyAtva athavA asata mAnyatAonuM pratipAdana karavuM, 3. zuddha daSTikoNanI upalabdhimAM naDatararUpa banavuM. 4. samyapha dRSTino vinaya ane sanmAna na karavuM, pa. samyakaraSTi para dveSa karavo, 6. samyakaraSTi sAthe mithyagraha sAthe vivAda karavo. te darzanAvaraNIya karmano vipAka - uparanA azubha AcaraNone kAraNe AtmAnA darzana guNa 9 prakAramAM vahecAya che : 1. cakSudarzanAvaraNa netrazaktinuM avaruddha thavuM, 2. acasudarzanAvaraNa - netra sivAyanI anya IndriyonI sAmAnya anubhavazaktinuM avaruddha thavuM. 3. avadhidarzanAvaraNa - sImita atindriya darzana upalabdha thavAmAM naDatara thavuM, 4. kevaLa darzanAvaraNa - saMpUrNa darzana upalabdha na thavuM. 5. nidrA sAmAnya niMdrA, 6, niMdrAnidrA-gaherI niMdrA. 7. pracalA beThA beThA AvI jatI nidrA. 8. pracalApracalA-haratA pharatA AvI jatI nidrA. 9. syAnagRddhi - je nidrAmAM prANI moTA moTA zaktizALI kArya kare che. aMtima be avasthAo Adhunika manovijJAnanA dvividha vyaktittvane samAna mAnavAmAM Ave che. uparyukta pAMca prakAranI niMdrAonA kAraNe vyaktinI sahaja anubhUtinI kSamatAmAM avarodha utpanna thAya che. 3. vedanIya karma : jenA kAraNe sAMsArika sukha-duHkhanI saMvedanA thAya che, ene vedanIya karma kahevAya che. enA be bheda che - 1. zAtA vedanIya ane 2. azAtAvedanI. sukharUpa saMvedanAnuM kAraNa zatAvedanIya ane du:kharUpa saMvedanAnuM kAraNa azAtAvedanIya karma kahevAya che. zAtAvedanIya karmanuM kAraNa - daza prakAranA zubhAcaraNa karanAra vyakti sukhada-saMvedanArUpa zatAvedanIya karmano baMdha kare che - 1 pRthvI, pANI, vagerenA kAraNe jIvo para anukapA karavI, 2. vanaspati, vRkSa, latAo para anukampA karavI, 3. dvIndriya vagere prANIo para dayA karavI, 4. paMcendriya pazuo ane manuSyo para anukampA karavI, 5. koIne paNa koIpaNa prakAranuM duHkha na ApavuM, 6. koIpaNa prANIne cittA ane bhaya utpanna thAya evuM kArya na karavuM, 7. koIpaNa prANIne zokAtura na banAvavo, 8. koIpaNa prANIne raDAvavuM nahIM, 9. koIpaNa prANIne mAravuM nahIM ane 10. koIpaNa prANIne pratADita na karavuM. karmagraMthamAM zAtAvedanIya karmanA baMdhananA kAraNe gurubhakti, kSamA, karuNA, vratapAlana, yoga-sAdhanA, kaSAyavijaya, dAna ane deDhazraddhA mAnavAmAM Ave che. 2010_03

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jainadarzanamAM karmasiddhAMta 115 zatAvedanIya karmano vipAka - uparyukta zubhAcaraNanA phalasvarUpa prANIne nIce pramANenI sukhada saMvedanA prApta kare che - 1. manohara, karNapriya, sukhada svara sAMbhaLavA maLe che. 2. manojJa, suMdararUpa jovA maLe che, 3. sugandhanI saMvedanA thAya che, 4. susvAdavALuM bhojana prApta chAya che. 5. manojJa, komaLa sparza tathA Asana zayanAdi prApta thAya che. 6. icchita sukhonI prApti thAya che. 7. zubhavacana, prazaMsA vagere sAMbhaLavAno prasaMga prApta thAya che. 8. zArIrika sukha maLe che. azAtAvedanIya karmanA kAraNa - je azubha AcaraNonA kAraNe prANIne du:khada saMvedanA prApta thAya che te 12 prakAranI che - 1. koIpaNa prANIne duHkha ApavuM, 2. cittita karavA, 3, zokAtura banAvavA, 5. raDAvavA, 5. mAravA ane 6. pratADita karavA. A cha kriyAonI maMdatA ane tIvratAnA AdhAra para enA bAra prakAra thAya che. azAtAvedanIya karmano vikApa - 1. karNa-kaTu, karkaza svara sAMbhaLavA maLe che. 2. amanojJa ane saundaryavihIna rUpa jovA maLe che. 3. amanojJa gaMdhanI prApti thAya che. 4. svAdavagaranuM bhojana maLe che. 5. amanojJa, kaThora ane du:khada saMvedanA utpanna karanAra sparza prApta thAya che. 6. amanojJa mAnasika anubhUtionuM hovuM. 7. niMdAapanAnajanaka vacana sAMbhaLavA maLe che ane 8. zarIramAM vividha rogonI utpattithI zarIrane duHkhada saMvedanAo prApta thAya che. 4. mohanIya karma :- jema madirA vagere nazIlI vastunA sevanathI viveka zakti kuMThita thaI jAya che, e ja rIte je karma-paramANuothI AtmAnI viveka-zakti kuMThita thaI jAya che ane anaitika AcaraNamAM pravRtta thAya che, ene mohanIya (vimohIta karanAra) karma kahevAya che. enA be bheda che- darzanamoha ane cAritramoha. mohanIya karmanA baMdhanA kAraNa - sAmAnya rIte mohanIya karmanA baMdha che kAraNothI thAya che - 1. krodha, 2. ahaMkAra, 3. kapaTa, 4. lobha, 5. azubha-AcaraNa ane 6. vivekAbhAva (vimUDhatA), prathama pAMcathI cAritramohanuM ane aMtimathI darzanamohanA baMdha thAya che. a.darzana moha-darzana mohanA kAraNe prANImAM samyak daSTikoNano abhAva hoya che ane te mithyA dhAraNAo ane vicArono zikAra rahe che, enI vivekabuddhi asaMtulita hoya che. darzanamoha traNa prakAranA che - 1.mithyAtva moha jenA kAraNe prANI asatya ne satya tathA satyane asatya samaje che. zubhane azubha ane zubha mAnavAno mithyAtva moha che. 2. samyapha mithyAtva moha-satya ane asatya tathA zubha ane azubhanA saMbaMdhamAM anizcAtyAtmakatA ane 3. samyatva moha-kSayika samyatva prAptimAM naDatararUpa samyaktva moha che athavA daSTikoNanI AMzika vizuddhatA. 2010_03

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vividhA ba. caritra moha-cAritra mohanA kAraNe prANInuM AcaraNa azubha hoya che. cAritra-mohajanita azubha AcaraNa 25 prakAranA che. mohanIya karmano vipAka mohanIya karma vivekAbhAva che ane A vivekAbhAvanA kAraNe azubhanI tarapha pravRttinI ruci thAya che. anya paramparAomAM je sthAna avidyAnuM che, e ja sthAna jaina paramparAmAM mohanIya karmanuM che. je prakAre anya paraMparAomAM bandhananu mULa kAraNa avidyA che, e ja prakAre jaina paraMparAomAM baMdhananuM mULa kAraNa mohanIya karma che. mohanIya karmano kSayopazama ja naitika vikAsano AdhAra che. 116 5. AyuSya karma : jevI rIte beDI ke sAMkaLa kedInI svAdhinatAmAM naDatararUpa che, e ja rIte je karmaparamANu AtmAne vibhinna zarIromAM niyata samaya sudhI keda rAkhe che, ene AyuSya karma kahevAya che. A karma nizcaya kare che ke AtmAne kevI rIte zarIramAM keTalA samaya sadhI rahevuM. AyuSya karma cAra prakAranAM che H 1. naraka AyuSya, 2. tiryaMca AyuSya (vAnaspatika ane pazu jIvana), 3. manuSya AyuSya ane 4. deva AyuSya. AyuSya karmanA baMdhanA kAraNa - dareka prakAranA AyuSya karmanA baMdhanA kAraNa zIla ane vratathI rahita AcaraNamAM mAnavAmAM Ave che. chatAM paNa koI prakAranA AcaraNathI koI prakAranuM jIvana maLe che, eno nirdeza paNa jaina AgamomAM prApta thAya che. sthAnAMgasUtramAM dareka prakAranA AyuSya karmanA baMdhanA cAra cAra kAraNa mAnavAmAM AvyA che. a. narakanA jIvananI prAptinAM cAra kAraNa 1. mahArambha (bhayAnaka hiMsaka karma), 2. mahAparigraha (atyadhika saMcayavRtti), manuSya, pazu vagereno vadha karavo, 4. mAMsAhAra ane zarAba vagere nazIlA padArthonuM sevana. ba. pazu jIvanI prAptinAM cAra kAraNa - 1. kapaTa karavuM, 2. rahasyapUrNa kapaTa karavuM, 3. asatya bhASaNa, 4. ochuM-vadhAre tolamApa karavuM, karmagraMthamAM pratiSThA ochI hovAnA bhayathI pApane praga na karavuM e paNa tiryaMca AyuSyanA baMdhanuM kAraNa mAnavAmAM Ava che. tatvArthasUtramAM mAyA (kapaTa) ne ja pazuyoninuM kAraNa batAvavAmAM AvyuM che. sa. mAnava jIvanI prAptinAM cAraNa kAraNa - 1. saraLatA, 2. vinayazIlatA, 3. karuNA ane 4 ahaMkAra ane mAtsaryathI rahita hovuM. tatvArthasUtramAM 1. alpa AraMbha, 2. alpa parigraha, 3. svabhAvanI saraLatA ne 4. svabhAvanI mRdutAne manuSya AyuSyanA baMdhanA kAraNa kahevAmAM AvyA che. 6. deva jIvananI prAptinAM cAra kAraNa 1. sarAga (sakAma) saMyamanuM pAlana, 2. saMyamanuM AMzika pAlana, 3. sakAma tapasyA (bALa tapa), 4. 2010_03 -

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jainadarzanamAM karmasiddhAMta 117 svAbhAvika rUpamAM karmonuM nirjarita hovAthI. tattvArthasUtramAM paNa A ja kAraNa mAnavAmAM AvyAM che. karmagraMtha anusAra avirata samyakdaSTi manuSya athavA tiryaMca (pazu), dezavirata zrAvaka, sarAgI-sAdhu bAla-tapasvI ane icchA na hovA chatAM paNa paristhitivaza bhUkha-tarasa vagerene sahana karavA chatA akAma-nirjarA karanAra vyakti deva-AyuSyano baMdha kare che. 6. nAma karma : jevI rIte citrakAra vividha raMgothI aneka prakAranAM citro banAve che, tevI ja rIte nAmakarma vividha paramANuothI jagatanA prANIonA zarIranI racanA kare che. manovijJAnanI bhASAmAM nAma-karma vyaktinuM nirdhAraka tattva kahI zakAya che. jainadarzanamAM vyaktitvanA nirdhAraka tatvonA nAmakarmanI prakRtinA rUpamAM oLakhAya che, jenI saMkhyA 103 mAnavAmAM Ave che paraMtu vistArabhayathI enuM varNana saMbhava nathI. uparyukta dareka vargIkaraNanuM saMkSipta rUpa che - 1. zubhanAmakarma (sAruM vyaktitva) ane ra. azubhanAma karma (kharAba vyaktitva) prANIjagatamAM je Azcaryajanaka vaicitra jovA maLe che, enuM mukhya kAraNa nAma-karma che. zubha nAma karmanA baMdhanA kAraNa - jainAgAmomAM sArA vyaktitvanI prAptinAM cAra kAraNa mAnavAmAM AvyAM che - 1. zarIranI saraLatA, 2. vANInI saraLatA, 3. mana athavA vicAronI saraLatA, 4. ahaMkAra ane mAtsaryathI rahita hovuM athavA sAmaMjasya pUrNa jIvana. zubha nAmakarmano vipAka :- uparyukta cAra prakAranA zubha-AcaraNathI prApta zubha vyaktitvano vipAka 14 prakArano mAnavAmAM Ave che - 1. adhikArapUrNa prabhAvaka vANI (ISTa zabda), 2. suMdara, sugaThita zarIra (ISTa rUpa), 3. zarIrathI niHsRta thanAra maLomAM paNa sugaMdha (ISTa gaMdha), 4. jaivIya rasonI samucitatA (ISTa rasa), pa. tvacAnuM sukomaLa hovuM (ISTa sparza), 6. acapala yogya gati (ISTa gati), 7. aMgonuM samucita sthAna para hovuM (iSTa sthiti), 8. lAvaNya, 9. yazakIrtino prasAra (ISTa yaza kIti), 10. yogya zArIrika zakti (ISTa utthAna, karma, balavIrya, puruSArtha ane parAkrama), 11. lokone rUcikara lAge evo svara, 12. kAnta svara, 13. priya svara ane 14. manojJa svara. azubha nAmakarmanAM kAraNa - nIce cAra prakAranA azubha AraNathI vyakti (prANI) ne azubha vyaktitvanI prApti thAya che : 1. zarIranI vakratA, 2. vacananI vakratA, 3. mananI vakratA, 4. ahaMkAra ane mAtsaryavRtti athavA asAmaMjasyapUrNa jIvana. azubha nAmakarmano vipAka : 1. aprabhAvaka vANI (aniSTa zabda), 2. asundara zarIra (anicchanIya 2010_03

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118 vividhA sparza), 3. zArIrika maLonA durgandhayukta hovuM (aniSTa gaMdha), 4, jaivIya rasonI asamucitatA (aniSTa rasa), 5. apriya sparza, 6. aniSTa gIta, 7. aMgonuM samucita sthAna para na hovuM (aniSTa sthiti), 8. sauMdaryano abhAva, 9, apayaza, 10. puruSArtha karavAnI zaktino abhAva, 11. hIna svara, 12. dIna svara, 13. apriya svara ane 14 akAnta svara. 7. gotra karma : jenA kAraNe vyakti pratiSThita ane apratiSThita kuLamAM janma le che, te gotra karma che. A be prakAranAM mAnavAmAM AvyAM che : 1. ucca gotra (pratiSThita kuLa), 2. nIca gotra (apratiSThita kuLa). (1) kevA prakAranA AcaraNanA kAraNe prANIno apratiSThita kuLamAM janma thAya che ane kyA prakAranA AcaraNathI pANIno pratiSThita kuLamAM janma thAya che, AnA para jainAcAra darzanamAM vicAra karavAmAM Avyo che. ahaMkAravRtti ja enuM mukhya kAraNa mAnavAmAM Ave che. ucca gotra ane nIca gotranA karmabaMdhanAM kAraNa - nIcenI ATha vAtano ahaMkAra na karavAvALA vyakti bhaviSyamAM pratiSThita kuLamAM janma le che - 1. jAti, 2. kuLa,3. zakti (zArIrika), 4. rUpa (sauMdarya), 5. tapasyA (sAdhanA), 6. jJAna (zrata), 7. lAbha (prApti), 8. svAmitva (adhikAra). enAthI viparita je vyakti uparyukta ATha prakAranA ahaMkAra kare che te nIce kuLamAM jenma le che. (2) karmagraMtha anusAra paNa ahaMkArarahita guNagrAhI daSTivALA, adhyayana-adhyApanamAM rasa rAkhanAra, tathA bhakta ucca gotrane prApta kare che ane enA viparIta AcaraNa karanAra nIca gotrane prApta kare che. (3) tatvArthasUtra anusAra para nindA, AtmaprazaMsA, bIjAnA sadaguNonuM chUpAvavA ane asadaguNonuM prakAzita karavA ane namravRtti ane nirabhimAnatA A ucca gotranA baMdhana uddeza che. gotra-karmano vipAka : vipAka (phaLa) dRSTithI vicAra karo ane dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM joIe ke je vyakti ahaMkAra nathI karato, te pratiSThita kuLamAM janma laIne nIcenI ATha kSamatAothI yukta hoya che -1. niSkalaMka mAtR-pakSa (jAti), 2. pratiSThita pitR-pakSa (kuLa), 3. azakta zarIra, 4. sauMdaryayukta zarIra, 5. ucca sAdhanA ane tapa-zakti, 6. tIvra buddhi ane vipula jJAna, 7. lAbha ne vividha prApti ane 8, adhikAra, svAmitva ane aizvaryanI prApti. paraMtu ahaMkArI vyaktitva uparyukta sarva kSamatAothI athavA emAM koI vizeSa kSamatAothI vaMcita rahe che. 8. antarAya karma : abhISTanI prAptimAM naDatararUpa thanAra kAraNane antarAya karma kahevAya che. 2010_03

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jainadarzanamAM karmasiddhAMta 119 antarAya karmano vipAka :- jIvano naitika ane AdhyAtmika vikAsa kare evAM kalyANa maya kAryo karavAmAM A prakAranuM karma, mAnasika saMgharSo utpanna karIne eka jAtanI anizcitatA UbhI kare che. A pAMca prakAranA avarodhaka karmo puNya ke muktinA karmo karavAmAMthI vyaktine avarodhe che. 1. teo dAnamAM kAMIka dravya ApavA IcchatA hoya paNa koIka lAgaNI ke vicAra temane A icchAno amala karatAM roke che. mana nizcaya karI zakAtuM nathI ane tenI DhIlane pariNAme dAna karavAno nirNaya paDato mukavo paDe che. 2. temane pote kagarelA lAbha ke naphAne bhogavatAM roke che.3. mANasa pAse A vastuo hoya che ane te A vastuono upayoga tema ja upabhoga karavA paNa icchato hoya che. paNa A karma upabhogamAM avarodhaka thAya che. ghaNI vAra evuM paNa bane che ke mANase vastu bhegI karI hoya paNa koI ajJAta kAraNa tene saMgrahelI vastuno upabhoga karavA detuM nathI. temAM A prakAranuM karma ja kAraNabhUta hoya che. 4. jIvanA zubha ane kalyANakAraka prAptinA prayAsone aTakAve che. A rUkAvaTa AdhyAtmika pravRttiomAM hoI zake tema sAMsArika saphaLatA prApta karavAmAM paNa hoI zake. antarAya karma pAMca prakAranA che. 1. dAnAntarAya - dAnanI icchA para paNa dAna na karI zakAya, 2. lAbhAntarAya koI prApti thavAnI hoya paNa koI kAraNathI e prApta na thAya, 3. bhogAntarAya - bhAgamAM aDacaNa ubhI thavI jema vyakti sampanna hoya, bhojanagRhamAM sAruM svAdavALuM bhojana paNa banyuM hoya paraMtu asvasthAnA kAraNe eNe mAtra khIcaDI ja khAvI paDe. 4. upabhoktAntarAya - upabhoganI sAmagrI hovA chatAM paNa upabhoga karavAmAM asamarthatA, 5. vIryAntarAya - zakta hovA chatAM paNa puruSArthamAM eno upayoga na karI zakAya. karmabaMdha ane karmanA kSaya vizenI prakriyAne paribhASAo dvArA samajI zakAya. Asrava - je kAraNothI AtmAno karma sAthe saMbaMdha baMdhAya che tene Agnarava kahe che. baMdha -- karmono AtmA sAthe dUdha pANI jevo saMbaMdha thavo ke AtmA sAthe baMdhAI javuM tene baMdha kahe che. saMvara - AtmA potAnA zuddha pariNAma vaDe karmone AvatAM roke tene saMvara kahe che. nirjarA - AtmA sAthe baddha thayelAM athavA sattAgata karmonuM kharI paDavuM tene nirjarA kahe che, karmonAM AvaraNo khasI jatAM AtmA ujjavala rUpe prakAzamAna thAya che. karma siddhAntane samajavAthI vyakti pApakarmo karatAM aTake che ane puNyakarma karavA prerAya che. manuSyajIvananI pratyeka paristhiti pUrve karelAM karma para AdhArita hovAnuM jJAna prApta thatAM, have pachInA jIvanamAM sukha ane zAMti meLavavA vyakti zubha karmo karavA prerAya che. tenAthI tenuM potAnuM jIvana susaMvAdI ane suvyavasthita bane che ane samAjane paNa teno lAbha maLe che. 2010_03

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120 jainadarzanamAM lezyAno siddhAMta lezyA jaina pAribhASika zabda che. teno saMbaMdha mAnasika vicAro ke bhAvanAo sAthe che. A pauddagalika che. mana, zarIra ane indriya pauddagalika che. manuSya bahArathI pudgalone grahaNa kare che ane taddanusAra tenuM vyaktittva ghaDAya che. tenA AMtaravyaktitvanI je AbhA tenI AsapAsa sarjAya che, tene jaina dRSTia lezyA kahevAmAM Ave che. anya zabdomaM tene 'orA' athavA AbhAmaMDaLa kahevAmAM Ave che. tenA vize vaijJAnika jagatamAM paNa ghaNuM saMzodha thayuM che. tenA phoTA levAno paNa prayatna karavAmAM Avyo che. tene AdhAra vyakti jIvita che ke mRta, teno nirNiya paNa kyAreka karavAmAM Ave che. yogasiddha gurune mATe te Avazyaka che ke te 'orA' nA vizeSajJa hoya !ziSyanI parIkSA te 'orA' dvArA kare che. 'orA' athavA 'lezyA' ApaNI AMtarika paristhitinuM pratibimba che. vyakti potAnAM durita karyo ke bhAvone chupAvavAno game teTalo prayatna kare to paNa AbhAmaMDaLanA vizeSajJathI te potAnI sthiti chupAvI zakato nathI. zarIramAMthI utpanna thatI AbhA vyaktinA vicAro ke bhAvonuM pratikSaNa pratinidhitva karatI hoya che. te raMgonA mAdhyamathI abhivyakta thAya che. mahApuruSonA mastaka pAchaLa je AbhA-valaya dekhAya che te temanA mananI zAMta sthitimAM nirmita orA-AbhAmaMDaLa hoya che. jainadarzanamAM lezyA : jaina vicAra anusAra je AtmAne karmathI lipta kare che athavA to AtmAne karmabandhathI bAMdhe che te lezyA che. jemake, jogapattI lessA, kasAyaudayAnuraMjiyA hoI / tatto dohaM kajjaM, baMdhacaukaM samuddinaM // 2 // kaSAyanA udayathI anuraMjita mana-vacana-kAyAnI yoga-pravRttine lezyA kahe che. A baMne arthAt kaSAya ane yoganuM kArya che- cAra prakAranA karmabandha. kaSAyathI karmonI sthiti ane anubhAga baMdha racAya che yogathI prakRti ane pradezabaMdha. 8 vividhA jainAgamomAM lezyAnA mukhya be prakAra mAnavAmAM AvyA che : 1. dravyalezyA ane 2. bhAvalezyA. dravyalezyA : dravya lezyA sUkSma bhautikI tattvo dvArA nirmita te AMgika saMracanA che, je ApaNA manobhAvo ane tajjanita karmonuM sApekSa rUpamAM kAraNa athavA kArya bane che. jevI rIte pittadravyanI bahulatAthI svabhAva krodhI bane che ane krodhane kAraNe pittavRddhi 2010_03

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jainadarzanamAM lezyAno siddhAMta 12 1 thAya che. tevI rIte A sUkSma bhautika tattvothI manobhAva bane che ane manobhAva hovAne kAraNe A sUkSma saMracanAonuM nirmANa thAya che. tene mATe paMDita sukhalAlajI dvArA ane abhidhAna rAjendrakoza (khaMDa-6, pR. 675) mAM nIce pramANe traNa mata pradarzita karavAmAM AvyA che : 1. lezyA-dravya karma-vargaNAthI baneluM che. A uttarAdhyayananI TIkAmAM che. 2. legyA-dravya badhyamAna karmapravAdarUpa che. A mata paNa uttarAdhyAyanI TIkAmAM vAdivaitAla zAntisUrino che. 3. lezyAyoganA pariNAmarUpa arthAt zarIra mana ane vANInI kriyAonA pariNAmarUpa che. A mata AcArya haribhadrano che. bhAva legyA: bhAva lezyA AtmAno adhyavasAya athavA aMtaHkaraNanI vRtti che. paMDita sukhalAlajInA zabdomAM bhAvalezyA AtmAno manobhAvavizeSa che, je saMkaleza ane yogathI prerAyelo che. saMkalesanI tIvra, tIvrata, tIvratama tathA manda, mandasara, mandatama vagere aneka sthiti hovAthI vezyAnA paNa aneka prakAra ApavAmAM AvyA che. paraMtu mukhyatve manobhAvanA azubhatva ane zubhatvane AdhAre prazasta ane prazastanI daSTie mukhya cha bhAga nIce pramANe ApyA che. aprazasta manobhAva - 1. kRSNa lezyA - tIvratama aprazasta manobhAva 2. nIla legyA - tIvratara aprazasta manobhAva 3. kApota lezyA - (tIvra) apraznata manobhAva prazasta manobhAva : 4. tejo (pIta) lezyA - (tIvra) prazasta manobhAva 5, padma lezyA - tIvratara prazasta manobhAva 6. zukla lezyA - tIvratama prazasta manobhAva lezyAo manobhAvonuM ja kevaLa vargIkaraNa nathI, paraMtu te kriyAonA rUpamAM bAhya abhivyakti paNa pAme che, arthAt vyaktinA cAritryanA paNa ghAtaka che. tethI jaina darzanamAM legyAnA saMdarbhamAM manobhAva ane manokriyAnI sAthe pratyutpanna jIvananA karmakSetramAM ghaTita thanArA sarva vyavahAronI paNa carcA karI ane naitika dRSTie paNa tenuM mahattva batAvyuM. jaina vezyA-siddhAntanuM SaDavidha vargIkaraNa mAtrAtmaka aMtaronA AdhAre traNa naya, ekyAsI ane baso tetAlIsa peTA prakAro sadhI vistaryuM che. paNa temAM AgaLa 2010_03

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122 vividhA kahelI cha lezyAo vizeSa mahattvanI che. jaina darzanamAM lezyAonA cha prakAra ApavAmAM AvyA che : kRSNa, nIla, kApota, pIta, padma ane zukla. jaina AgamomamAM tenuM varNana A pramANe maLe che. kiNhA nIlA kAu, tiNNi vi eyAo ahammalesAo / eyAhI tihi vi jIvo, duggaI uvavajjaI bahuso // 4 // teu pamhA sukkA, tiNNi vi eyAo dhammalesAo / eyAhi tihi hi jIvo, suggaiM uvavajjaI bahuso // 5 // kRSNa, nIla ane kApota-A traNe adharma athavA azubha lezyAo che. tene kAraNe jIva vividha durgatiomAM utpanna thAya che. teja, padma ane zukla te traNa dharma lezyAo che, tenAthI jIva sugatimAM utpanna thAya che. kRSNa, nIla ane kapota A traNa azubha lezyAomAMthI pratyekanA tIvratama, tIvratara ane tIvra evA traNa bheda hoya che. traNa zubha lezyAonA-pratyeka manda mandatara ane mandatama evA traNa prakAra paDe che. tIvra ane mandanI apekSAthI pratyekamAM ananta bhAga-vRddhi, asaMkhyAt, bhAga vRtti, saMkhyAta bhAga-vRddhi, saMkhyAta guNa-vRddhi, asaMkhyAta guNa-vRddhi, ananta guNa-vRddhi e cha vRddhio ane cha hAni sadaiva hoya che. tethI lezyAonI sthitimAM hAni-vRddhi thatI rahe che, tenI eka sarakhI paristhiti hotI nathI. kRSNa leyA : svabhAvanI ugratA, veranI majabUta gAMTha, jhagaDAkhora vRtti, dharmahInatA ane dayAhInatA, duSTatA, samajAvavA chatAM na mAnavuM e kRSNa lezyAnuM lakSaNa che. A naitika vyaktitvanuM sauthI nikRSTarUpa athavA azubhatama manobhAva che. A avasthAmAM vyaktinA vicAra atyaMta nimna koTinA ane krUra hoya che. te potAnI zArIrika, mAnasika ke vAcika kriyAo para niyaMtraNa rAkhavA akSama hovAne kAraNe, zubhAzubhano vicAra karyA vagara indriya-viSayonI pUrtimAM bhogavilAsamAM ja tallIna rahe che, bhogecchAnI tRptI mATe corI, vyAbhicAra ane saMgrahamAM ja tenuM citta lAgeluM che. svabhAvathI nirdaya hovAne kAraNe te hiMsA paNa kare che. potAnA krUra svabhAvathI vazIbhUta thaIne, potAnA hitAhitano vicAra kyA vagara ja anya pratye krUra vartana kare che athavA temanuM ahita kare che. potanA hitanA abhAvamAM paNa bIjAnuM ahita kare che. nIla legyA : maMdatA, buddhihInatA, ajJAna ane viSayalolupatA - saMkSepamAM nIla vezyAnuM 2010_03

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jainadarzanamAM lezyAno siddhAMta 123 lakSaNa che. nIla glezyAthI yukta vyaktinA manobhAva,kRSNa lezyAvALA vyakti karatA ochA azubha-azubhatara hoya che. A avasthAmAM teno vyavahAra vAsanAtmaka pakSathI ja zAsita thAya che. paNa te vAsanAmUrti mATe buddhipUrvaka varte che. tethI bahArathI tenuM vartana pramArjita lAge che, paNa tenI pAchaLa kuTilatA paNa hoya che. te virodhInuM ahita apratyakSarUpe kare che. te irSALu, asahiSNu, asaMyamI, ajJAnI, kapaTI, nirlajja, vaiSabuddhithI yukta tathA pramAdI hoya che. te potAnA alpa hita mATe bIjAnuM moTuM ahita paNa kare che, ane tyAre bIjAnuM hita kare che, tyAre tenI pAchaLa teno UMDo svArtha hoya che. kApota lezyA : jaldI rujha thavuM, bIjAonI nindA karavI, doSAropaNa karavuM, ati zokAkuLa banavuM, atyaMta bhayabhIta thavuM e kApota lezyAnuM lakSaNa che. kApota-lezyAthI yukta vyakti azubha manovRtti vALI hoya che. tenI manovRtti dUSita hoya che ane mana vacana karmathI teno vyavahAra ekarUpa hoto nathI. potAnA doSone chupAvavAno prayatna kare che. bIjAnuM dhana laI lenAra ane svArthasiddhi mATe anyanuM ahita karanAra hoya che. pIta (taja) vezyA : kArya-akAryanuM jJAna, zreyAzreyano viveka, sarva prati samabhAva, dayA-dAnamAM pravRtti-e pIta ke tejo lezyAnuM lakSaNa che. 4. tejo vezyAvALI vyaktinI manovRddhi zubha ane pavitra hoya che. te sukhApelI hoya che, paNa anaitika AcaraNamAM te pravRtta thato nathI. potAnA hitano dhvaMsa karanAra pratye ta udAra rahI zakato nathI, ane tenuM ahita karavA prerAya che. anyathA A manobhUmikAmAM vyakti pavitra AcaraNa karanAra, namra, saMyamI vinIta ane dharyavAna hoya che. padama padma lezyA : tyAgazIlatA, bhadratA, prAmANikatA, kAryamAM RjutA, aparAdhIo prati kSamAzIlatA, sAdhu ke gurujanonI pUjA-sevAmAM tatparatA-e pabalezyAnuM lakSaNa che. 5 pIta vezyA karatA A zubhatara legyA che. A manobhUmimAM krodhAdi kaSAyonI mAtrA ghaNI alpa rahe che, ke nahivata bane che. te alpabhASI, saMyamI, yogI ane prasannacitta hoya che. zukla legyA :-: pakSapAta na karavo ane teno nirNaya paNa na Apavo, sarva pratye samadarzI 2010_03

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vividhA rahevuM, rAga dveSa ane snehathI virata thavuM-te zukla vezyAnuM lakSaNa che. Asakti te vyaktimAM pavitratAnI mAtrA adhika hoya che te mana-vacana-karmathI ekarUpa hoya che ane potAnA hita mATe paNa anyane kaSTa ApatA saMkoca pAme che. te upazAMta, jitendriya ane prasannacitta hoya che tethI svakartavya ane svadharmamAM nimagna rahe che. 124 zukla lezyAthI yukta vyaktinI manovRtti parama zubha ke zubhatama hoya che, A mananI sarvocca bhUmikA che. pIta ane padma lezyAnA zubha guNonI vizuddhinI mAtrA ahIM adhikatama hoya che. A cha lezyAnA lakSaNanI vibhinnatA nIcenA zlokamAM suMdara dRSTAMta dvArA samajAvI che. : pahiyA je cha ppurisA, paribhadvAraNNamajjadesamhi / phalabhariyarukkhamegaM, pedikhattA te vicitaMti // 7 // NimmUlakhaMghasAhu- vasAhaM chittuM ciNitu paDidAI | khAuM phalAI idi, jaM maNeNa vayaNaM have kampaM // 8 // cha yAtrIo hatA. jaMgalanI madhyamAM AvatA mArga bhUlI gayA. kSudhAthI vyAkuLa thavA lAgyA. thoDA samaya cAlyA pachI temaNe phaLothI laceluM eka vRkSa joyuM. temane phaLa khAvAnI icchA thaI. teo manomana vicAravA lAgyA. prathama yAtrIe vicAryuM ke vRkSane mULamAMthI ja kApI nAkhIne tenAM uparanAM phaLa meLavavAM. bIjAe vicAryuM ke vRkSane thaDamAMthI ja kApavuM-mULa sahita kApavAnI jarUra nathI. trIjAe jaNAvyuM ke thaDanA uparanA bhAganI moTI zAkha moTI DALI ja toDIe-cothA yAtrIe jenA upara phaLa hatAM te upazakhA-nAnI DALI ja toDavAnI salAha ApI. pAMcamo icchato hato ke kevaLa phaLa ja toDavAM joIe. chaThThA yAtrIe jaNAvyuM vRkSa uparathI pAkIne nIce paDelAM phaLo ja kevaLa vINIne khAvAM joIe. A cha yAtrIonA vicAra, vANI ane karma kramazaH cha lezyAonAM udAharaNa che. lezyAnI zuddhi mATe kaSAyone kSINa karavA joIe. kAraNa lessAsodhI ajjhavasANaddisodhae hoi jIvassa / ajjhavasANavisodhi, maMdakasAyassa NAyavvA // 15 // AtmapariNAmomAM vizuddha thavAthI lezyAnI vizuddhi thAya che. ane kaSAyonI maMdatAne pariNAme ja AtmAnI upazuddhi saMbhava che. raMga ane lezyAno saMbaMdha : lezyAnAM nAmo dvArA samajI zakAya che ke te nAma aMdarathI utpanna thatI AbhAne AdhAre nakkI karavAmAM AvyAM che. AbhAnA raMga dvArA vyaktinuM mAnasa samajI zakAya che. prazasta ane aprazasta lezyAmAM raMgonuM prabhutva che. vaijJAnikoe 2010_03

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jainadarzanamAM vezyAno siddhAMta 1 25 orA'nA paNa lagabhaga AvA ja raMgo nirdhArita karyA che vaijJAnika parIkSaNathI siddha thayuM che ke bahAranA raMgo paNa vyaktine prabhAvita kare che. bahAranA raMgonuM dhyAna-ciMtana karIne AMtarika raMgomAM paNa parivartana karI zakAya che. tene AdhAre ja raMga-cikitsA paddhatithI zArIrika ane mAnasika rogone maTADavAmAM Ave che. vyaktinA vicAro ke ciMtana sAthe paNa raMgono saMbaMdha che. manamAM aniSTa vicAro ke citana cAlatuM hoya to ciMtananA pudgala kALA varNanA hoya che - kRSNa lezyA hoya che. iSTa ke zubha ciMtana-hita-ciMtana karavAthI tenI yAtrA pramANe-pudgala lAla-pIta ke zveta varNanA bane che. tenAthI tejolezyA, padmavezyA ke zukla lezyA bane che. je prakAranA vicAra ane kArya hoya che te prakArano vezyAno raMga hoya che. A pramANe pratyeka vyaktinA zarIranI AsapAsa eka viziSTa prakAranuM AbhAmaMDaLa ke leDyA hoya che. AMkha dvArA joI zakAtI nathI, paNa teno anubhava karI zakAya che. ApaNe alaga alaga vyaktionA sAmIpyamAM hoIe chIe tyAre kyAreka manamAM akAraNa udAsInatA, gherI nirAzA ke kSobhano anubhava karIe chIe ane kyAreka ahetuka prasannatA, skUrti ane AnaMdanI anubhUti thAya che. tenuM kAraNa dareka vyaktinI AsapAsa AveluM AbhAmaMDaLa che. aprazasta lezyAo duHkha saMtApa ke nirAzA prere che ane prazasta lezyA AnaMda-utsAha ane AzA utpanna kare che. raMgonI zarIra ane mana para kevI asara thAya che, teno sAmAnya khyAla nIce ApavAmAM Avyo che. raMgono zarIra para prabhAva : lAla : snAyu maMDaLane skUrti Ape che. - nIlo : snAyuonI durbaLatA, dhAtukSaya, svapna-doSa mAM lAbha thAya che ane hRdaya tathA mastiSka ne zakti Ape che. pILo : mastiSkanI zAMtino vikAsa, kabajiyAta, yakRta ane plIhAnA rogone zAMta karavAmAM upayogI. lIlo : jJAna taMtuo ane snAyu maMDaLane baLa Ape, vIrya roganA upazamamAM upayogI. ghero nIlo : vadhu garmIthI thanArA AmAzaya sambandhI rogonA upazamamAM upayogI. zubhra (sapheda) : UMgha mATe upayogI. nAraMgI : dama tathA vAta jevA rogone maTADavAmAM upayogI. beMganI jAMbalI : zarIranA tApamAnane ochuM karavAmAM upayogI. 2010_03

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126 raMgono mana para prabhAva : kALo raMga manuSyamAM asaMyama, hiMsA ane krUratAnA vicAra utpanna kare che. nIlo raMga manuSyamAM IrSyA, asahiSNutA, rasalolupatA ane Asaktino bhAva utpanna kare che. kApota raMga manuSyamAM vakratA, kuTilatA ane dRSTikoNano viparyAsa utpanna kare che. aruNa (kesarI) raMga manuSyamAM RjutA, vinamratA ane dharma prema utpanna kare che. pILo raMga manuSyamAM zAnti, krodha, mAna, mAyA ane lobhanI alpatA ane indriyavijayano bhAva utpanna kare che. vividhA sapheda saMga manuSyamAM khUba ja zAMti ane jitendriyatAno bhAva utpanna kare che. mAnasika vicAronA raMgonA viSayamAM anya vargIkaraNa paNa maLe che. A pramANe AMtarika vRttiothI sarjAtu raMganuM AbhAmaMDaLa ane bAhyareMgo vacce eka gUDha saMbaMdha rahelo che, ema kahI zakAya. anya darzanomAM lezyA siddhAMta : bhAratamAM guNa-karmanA AdhAre A prakAranuM vargIkaraNa karavAnI prathA atyaMta prAcIna che. jaina uparAMta bauddha ane gItAnI paraMparAmAM paNa teno ullekha jovA maLe che. anya zramaNa-paraMparAomAM paNa A prakAranuM vargIkaraNa thayeluM che. dInikAyamAM AjIvaka saMpradAyanA maMkhalaputra gozAlaka ane aMguttaranikAyamAM pUrNa kAzyapanA nAma sAthe A vargIkaraNano nirdeza che. temanI mAnyatA anusAra kRSNa, nIla, lohita, haridra, zukla ane parama zukla A cha prakAranI abhijAtio hoya che. jaina darzana anusAra ahIM aneka prakAranuM zabda-sAmya che. paNa ahIM A vargIkaraNa kevaLa manuSyo pUratuM sImita che, jyAre jaina darzanamAM samagra prANI-vargano samAveza thAya che. - 2010_03 manodazA ane AcaraNa52ka-vargIkaraNa bauddha vicAraNAnuM mahattvanuM aMga che. temAM prazasta ane aprazasta manobhAva tathA karmanA AdhAra para mAnavajAtine kRSNa ane zukla vargamAM vibhAjita karavAmAM AvI che. je krUra karma karanAra che te kRSNa abhijAtinA ane je zubha karma karanAra cha te zukla abhijAtinA che. kRSNa ane zukla baMne prakAranA manuSyone guNa karmane AdhAre traNa traNa bhAgomAM vaheMcavAmAM AvyA che.jainAgama uttarAdhyayanamAM paNa lezyAone prazasta ane aprazasta ema be vibhAgomAM vibhAjita karIne tenA traNa traNa prakAra ApavAmAM AvyA che. bauddha vicAraNAmAM zubhAzubha karma ane manovRttinI dRSTie cha vibhAga ApavAmAM AvyA paNa zubhAzubhanA parimANathI je 52 che, jemaNe tenAthI paNa ucca kakSA siddha karI che, temane mATe 'akRSNa zukla evaM pratipAdana karyuM. gItAmAM paNa prANIonA guNa karma anusAra vargIkaraNanI dhAraNA maLe che.

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jainadarzanamAM lazyAno siddhAMta 127 naitika AcaraNanI dRSTie gItAnA soLamA adhyAyamAM devI ane AsurI prakRtinuM nirupaNa che, temAM paNa mULabhUta dRSTibiMdu manuSyanA AMtarabAhya bhAva ane kriyAnA saMdarbhamAM ja nihita che. A vargIkaraNa vyaktigata naitikatAnI sAthe sAmAjika dRSTie paNa karavAmAM AvyuM che. sAmAjika dRSTie temAM cAturvaNya-cAra varNa ke jJAtiprathAnA siddhAntanuM rUpa grahaNa karyuM. temAM janmagata jJAtiprathA ke karmAnusAra jJAtiprathA-evo viSAda paNa rahyo. sUkSma rUpe temAM paNa mAnava prakRtimAM rahela zubha-azubha manobhAvone ja mahattva apAyuM A pramANe mAnavaprakRtimAM rahelI sad ane asat vRttinuM vyakti svarUpa je sUkSma che ane sthULa dRSTie joI zakAtuM nathI - te legyA che. zubha ane azubha vRttio ane karma anusAra manuSyanI AsapAsa racAtA AbhAmaMDaLathI vyaktino sAco paricaya meLavI zakAya che zubha-azubha vRttio ane AbhAmaMDaLanA raMga vize jaina uparAMta vividha darzanomAM paNa UMDuM saMzodhana thayuM che. tathA vyakti ane samaSTinA vyApaka dhoraNe paNa A vize vicAraNA karavAmAM AvI che, vaijJAnika dRSTie paNa tenuM mahattva samajAvavAmAM AvyuM che. pAdaTIpa 1. caMDo Na muMcaI veraM, bhaMDaNasIlo ya dharamadayarahio / duTTho Na ya edi vasaM, lakkhaNameyaM tu kiNhassa / / 9 / / maMdo buddhivihINo, NiviNANI ya visayalolo ya / lakkhaNameyaM bhaNiyaM, samAsado NIlalessassa // 10 // rusai Nidai anne, dUsai bahuso ya soyabhayabahulo / Na gaNai kajjAkajjaM, lakkhaNameyaM tu kAussa // 11 // jANai kajjAkajjaM, seyamaseyaM ca savvasamapAsI / dayadANarado ya midU, lakkhaNameyaM tu teussa // 12 // cAgI bhaddo cokkho, ajjavakammo ya khamadi bahugaM pi / sAhugurupUjaNarado, lakkhaNameyaM tu pammassa // 13|| Na ya kuNai pakkhavAyaM, Na vi ya NidANaM samo ya savvesi / Natthi ya rAyaddosA, Neho vi ya sukkalessassa // 14 // saMdarbhagraMtho 1. sambodhi-zrI yuvAcArya mahAprajJa 2. jaina-buddha aura gItA kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana - zrIsAgaramala jaina 3. samaNasutta-sarva-sevAsaMgha-prakAzana 2010_03

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1 28 vividhA cAra yoga upadezanA mukhya cAra prakAra che. 1. dravyAnuyoga :- lokane vize rahelAM dravyo, tenA svarUpa, guNaSa dharma, hetu, ahetu, paryAya Adi anaMta prakAre che. tenuM varNana jemAM che te dravyAnuyoga. 2. caraNAnuyoga :- dravyAnuyoganuM svarUpa samajAyA pachI jIvanA AcAra-vicAra ke nItiniyama nakkI karIne tene anusaravuM te caraNAnuyoga. 3. gaNitAnuyoga :- dravyAnuyoga ane caraNAnuyogathI tenI gaNatarInuM pramANa tathA lokane vize rahelA padArtha, bhAvo, kSetra, kALAdinI gaNatarInA pramANa je vAta te gaNitAnu yoga. 4. dharmakathAnuyoga :- puruSonA dharmacaritranI kathAo. dravyAnuyoga : vizva paramezvaranuM sarjana hovAnI mAnyatAno jainadharma svIkAra karyo nathI. samagra vizva mukhyatve be prakAranAM dravya : jIva ane ajIvamAMthI sarjAyuM hovAnuM jainadarzana jaNAve che. A baMne dravya nitya aspaSTa, saha astitva dharAvatA ane svataMtra che. vizvamAM bhinna bhinna svarUpo A dravyonA saMghaTana-vighaTanane kAraNe jovA maLe che.jainadarzananA sRSTinA svarUpa vizenA vaijJAnika draSTikoNano samucita paricaya A dravyAnuyoga dvArA ja maLe che. dravyanuM sAmAnya svarUpa : jagatanI racanAnI vAstavikatA darzAvavA mATe sattA, satu, tattva, artha, padArtha vagere zabdono paNa dravya zabdanA paryAyarUpe ke samAntare upayoga thayo che. umAsvAti sata dvArA dravyanI vyAkhyA kare che - sat dravya lakSaNam / satu dravyanuM lakSaNa che. zrI kuMdakuMdAcArye "paMcAstikAya' mAM "sata" mAM rahelA je sadabhAvaparyAyo che - tene je drave che te dravya' evI paribhASA ApI che. sabhAvanAparyAyone arthAta svabhAvavizeSone je drave che, pAme che, sAmAnya svarUpe vyApe che, te 'dravya" che. athavA to - je "satu' lakSaNavALuM che, je utpAda, vyaya ane dhrauvyathI yukta che athavA je guNaparyAyonA AzrayarUpa che, tene saMjJA 'dravya' kahe che. dravyanI utpatti ke vinAza nathI, tenA paryAyo ja vyaya, utpatti ane dhruvatA kare che. 2010_03

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cAra yoga 129 ta zakti dravya ane paryAyano apRthakabhAva darzAvavAmAM Avyo che, tevI ja rIte dravya ane guNano paNa vastupaNe 'abheda' che. dravyane svadravya, kSetra, kALa ane svabhAvanI daSTie ane saptabhaMgInA saMdarbhamAM paNa varNavavAmAM AvyuM che. svadravya eTale nija guNaparyAyonI AdhArabhUta vastu pote, svakSetra eTale vastuno nija vistAra arthAt svapradezasamUha, svakALa eTale vastuno potAno vartamAna paryAya, svabhAva eTale nijaguNa-svazakti A dravya keTalIka rIte vyaya ane utpAdavALuM hovA chatAM tene avinAzI ane ajanmA kahyuM che. bhAva, je satpaNe pravarte che, astitva dharAve che, teno dravya svarUpe vinAza thato nathI. evI ja rIte je a-bhAva che, tenI dravyasvarUpe utpatti nathI. teno je vinAza ane utpatti dekhAya che te guNaparyAyonuM svarUpanI daSTie parivartana che. pahelAnI avasthAnA guNa paryAyo rUpe uddabhave che. dehano nAza thatAM dehIno nAza thato nathI. je utpanna thAya che ane laya pAme che te deva-mAnava vagere paryAyo ke svarUpo che. dravyanA mukhya be prakAra che. jIva ane ajIva. ajIvanA pAMca prakAra che : pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza ane kALa. tene A pramANe darzAvI zakAya. dravya ajIva pudgala dharma adharma keza kALa je upayogamaya che, amUrta che, kartA che, svadeha-parimANa che, bhoktA che, saMsAramAM sthita che, siddha che ane svabhAvathI Urdhvagamana karanAra che, te jIva che. 1. te nitya caitanya svabhAvarUpa-upayoganA lakSaNavALo hovAthI eka ja che. 2. jJAna ane darzana evA bhedane kAraNe be prakArano che. 3. utpAda, dhrauvya ane vinAza e traNa lakSaNavALo hovAthI athavA karmaphaLacetanA, kAryacetanA ane jJAnacetanA e traNa prakAre traNa lakSaNavALo che. 4, deva, manuSya, nAraka ane tiryaMta-e cAra gatimAM paribhramaNa karato hovAthI caturvidha bhramaNavALo che. 5. pArimANAtmaka, audAyika vagere pAMca mukhya guNonI pradhAnatA hovAne kAraNe paMcAgra guNapradhAna che. 2010_03 se Only

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130 vividhA 6. jIva cAra dizAmAM ana upara tathA nIce ema cha dizAmAM gamana karato hovAthI cha apakramasahita che. 7. asti, nAsti vagere spatabhaMgathI yukta hovAne kAraNe saptabhaMgI che. 8. jJAnavaraNa vagere ATha karmo athavA samyakatva vagere ATha guNonA AzrayabhUta hovAne kAraNe aSTa-Azraya che. 9, nava padArtha ke tattvo-jIva, ajIva, pApa, puSya, Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, baMdha ane mokSarUpe pravartamAna hovAthI nava artharupa che. 10. agni, pANI, vAyu, pRthvI, sAdhAraNa vanaspati, pratyeka vanaspati, dviIdriya, tridriya, caturiMdriya ane paMcendriya daza sthAnomAM prApta hovAthI dazasthAnagata che. pudgala dravyamAMthI sarjita koI samagra vastu enA akhaMDa svarUpamAM skaMdha che. tenA ardhAbhAgane deza kahe che. dezanA ardhabhagane pradeza ne tenA chevaTanA avibhAgI bhAgane paramANu kahe che. temAM rasa, varNa, gaMdha ane sparzanA guNa che, paNa koI eka samaye te eka ja prakAranA rasa ke varNAdithI yukta hoya che. pudgalanA cha prakAra che ane tenAthI traNa loka utpanna thAya che. ajIva dravyanA pAMca prakAra che : 1. pudgala, 2. dharma, 3.adharma 4. AkAzaSa pa. kALa 1. pugla : A dravyomAMthI pudgala rUpothI sahita che. tethI te mUrta eTale ke dazyamAna che, paraMtu anya sarve amUrta che. zabda, baMdha, sUkSmatA, sthUlatA, AkAra, bheda, aMdhakAra, chAyA, udyota ane Atapa e sarva pudgala dravyanA paryAya che. 2. dharma : gatikriyAmAM pariNata yugala ane jIvone gamana karavAmAM je sahakArI (bane) che te dharmadravya che. jevI rIte pANImAM cAlatI mAchalIone gati karavAmAM pANI sahAyarUpa bane che. paraMtu dharmadravya agatizIlane gati karAvavA mATe preraka banatuM nathI, je gati kare che tene mATe ja te sahakArarUpa bane che. vRddhanI lAkaDI ke relavenA pATA vRddhane ke relagADIne calAvavAmAM sahAyarUpa bane che, paNa temane calAvavA preratA nathI. - dharmadravya jIva pudagalonI gatimAM apreraka nimitta che, preraka nathI. vRddhanI lAkaDI ke relavenA pATA vagere apreraka nimittanA udAharaNa che. 2010_03

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cAra yoga 131 3. adharma : sthAnatva (sthiratA) icchatA pudgala ane jIvone sthira banavAmAM je sahakArI thAya che te adharmadravya che. jIva ane pudgala jyAre potAnI gatine aTakAvIne rokAvAnI icchA kare che atyAre temane mATe sarvasAmAnya evuM sahakArIkaraNa je dravya che te adharmadravya che. jIva ane pudgala potAnI gatizIla avasthAmAM rahevA icchatA hoya, temane rokAvAnI icchA na hoya to adharmadravya temane baLapUrvaka rotuM nathI. vRkSanI chAyA grISmakALamAM rastethI pasAra thatA vaTemArgune rAkAvA mATe sahAyakArI bane che paNa svayaM preraNA karIne temane rokatI nathI. tevI rIte dharmazALA yAtrIo mATe ane relve sTezana relagADIne sthira thavA mATe, rokAvA mATe sahakArI kAraNa che, paNa te apreraka sahakArI kAraNa che. 4. AkAza : jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma ane kALane avakAza ApavAmAM je dravya samartha che te AkAzadravya che, tenA be bhAga che. lokAkAza ane alokAkAza. lokAkAzamAM jIva-ajIva sarva dravyo avelAM che. jeTalA AkAzamAM dharma, adharma, kALa, pugala ane jIva dravya hoya che. teTalA AkAzane lokAkAza kahe che ane tenI AgaLanA ananta AkAzane alokAkAza kahe jyAM jIvAdi padArtha alokti thAya che, arthAta jovAya che te loka che, ane jyAM jIvAdi padArtha upalabdha nathI hotA, kevaLa AkAza ja che, te aloka che. 5. kALa :kALadravyanA be prakAra che : eka vyavahArakALa ane bIjo paryAyakALa. je samaya kalAka, divasa, mAsa, varSa AdirUpa che ane dravyanA parivartanamAM sahAyarUpa che te vyavahAradaSTie kALa che. dravyamAM 'navinatA-jIrNatA' e rU5 parivartana che. godoha, pAka Adi kriyA che. jayeSThatva, kaniSTatvarUpa, paratvAparatva dvArA jANI zakAya che, te sarva vyavahArakALa che. svayaM upAdAnarUpe pariNamatA padArthone pariNamanakriyAmAM je sahakArI thAya che, te "vartanA' che. 2010_03

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132 vividhA jevI rIte gati, sthiti ane avagAhanamAM nimittarUpa kramazaH dharma, adharma ane AkAza che, tema sarva dravyone pariNamana thavAmAM vartanA kAraNarUpa che. nizcaya naya pramANe kAla aNurUpa che, skaMdha jevuM samUhAtma athavA AkAza ke dharma-adharma jevuM akhaMDa dravya nathI, khaMDa khaMDa aNurUpa che. retanA kaNonI jema svatva gumAvyA sivAya sAthe rahI zake che. kAla sivAnAM pAMca dravyone "astikAya' kahe che, A dravyo "che' tethI temane "asti' evI saMjJA ApI ane te kAyanI jema bahu pradezovALA hovAthI temane "kAya' nI saMjJA paNa ApavAmAM AvI A pramANe "asti" ane "kAya" baMne hovAthI A pAMca dravyo "astikAya' kahevAya che. paNa "kAla' dravyanuM astitva hovA chatAM, "asti' hovA chatAM teno eka ja pradeza che, kAyanI jema tenA bahupradeza nathI, tethI tene "astikAya' nI saMjJA ApavAmAM AvI nathI. dravyAnuyoga parama gaMbhIra ane sUkSma che. mana jo zaMkAzIla thaI gayuM hoya to 'dravyAnuyoga' vicAravo yogya che; pramAdI thaI gayuM hoya to "caraNakaraNAnuyoga vicAravo yogya che; ane kaSAyI thaI gayuM hoya to "dharmakathAnuyoga' vicAravo yogya che; jaDa thaI gayuM hoya to gaNitAnuyoga' vicAravo yogya che. dravyAnuyoga viSenuM nirupaNa tattvArthasUtra, SaTakhaMDAgama, samayasAra, paMcAstikAya vagere graMthomAM jovA maLe che. karuNAnuyoga - emAM evA graMthono samAveza thAya che ke jemAM UrdhA, madhya athavA adholokanuM, dvIpasAgaro, kSetra, parvato athavA nadIo vagerenA svarUpa - pariNAma, vistArathI athavA gaNitanI prakriyAnA AdhAra para varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che. sUryaprajJapti, caMdraprajJapti, jambudvIpapaprajJapti ane dvIpasAgara prajJapti vagere te vizenA graMtho che. caraNAnuyoga - jemAM AcAra dharmanuM nirupaNa hoya tevA graMthono samAveza thAya che. AcArAMga, upAsaka dazAMgasUtra, pravacanasAra, pAhuDa, caritra pAhuDa, ratnasAra, mUlAcAra vagere. prathamAnuyoga : A anuyoga viSayaka sAhityamAM ahata, cakravartI vagere mahApuruSonA jIvanacaritranuM varNana hoya che. te jaina kathA sAhityano Adi strota manAya che. tIrthaMkaracaritra, caupanna mahApuruSacariya Adi caritraviSayaka graMtho tathA kahAvali athavA upadezamAlA Adi kathAsaMgrahono samAveza A prakAranA sAhityamAMthI maLe che. 2010_03

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AcArya bhadrabAhukRta Avazyaka niryukti 133 AcArya bhadrabAhukRta Avazyaka niryukti Avazyaka AgamonuM bIjuM mULasUtra che. temAM nityakarmanA pratipAdaka Avazyaka kriyAnuSThAnarUpa kartavyono ullekha che. "paDAvazyaka sUtramAM jaina AgamomAM nirdezita cha Avazyaka nirUpaNa che : sAmAyika, stavana, vaMdana, pratikramaNa, kAyotsarga ane pratyAkhyAna. mULa graMthanA gUDha rahasyane ane tenI vizeSatAone sphaTa karavA mATe vyAkhyAtmaka sAhitya racavAnI bhAratIya graMthakAronI prAcIna paraMparA anusAra "paDAvazyaka sUtra' vize paNa niryukti, bhASya, vRttio ane bAlAvabodhanI racanA thaI che. temAM AcAryazrI bhadrabAhukRta "Avazyakaniryukti sauthI prAcIna ane noMdhapAtra graMtha che. tenA upara paNa jinabhadra, jinadAsagaNi, haribhadra, koTyAcArya, malayagiri, mAladhArI hemacaMdra, mANikyazekhara vagere AcAryoe vividha vyAkhyAgraMtho racyA che. te sAthe zrI taruNaprabhasUri ane zrI merusuMdaramaNikRta paDAvazyaka bAlAvabodha paNa ullekhanIya che. AcArya bhadrabAhu niyuktikAra AcArya bhadrabAhu, chedasUtrakAra caturdazapUrvadhara Arya bhadrabAhuthI bhinna che. niryuktikAra bhadrabAhue potAnI dazAzrutaskandha niryukti ane paMcakalpaniryuktinA prAraMbhamAM chedasUtrakAra bhadrabAhune namaskAra karyA che. niryuktikAra bhadrabAhu prasiddha jayotiviMda varAhamihiranA sahodaranA hovAnI mAnyatA che. AcArya bhadrabAhu aSTAMganimitta tathA maMtravidyAmAM pAraMgata hatA. upasargaharastotra ane bhadrabAhusaMhitA paNa temanI ja racanAo hovAnI mAnyatA che. temano samaya paMcasiddhAntikA' mAM ullekhita vi.saM.nI chaThThI zatAbdIne mAnavAmAM Ave che e te dRSTie AcArya bhadrabAhukata niryuktionI racanA paNa vi.saM. pa00 thI 600 nI vacce thaI hovAnuM svIkArI zakAya. AcArya bhadrabAhue nimnokta AgamagraMtho para niyuktio lakhI che : 1. Avazyaka, 2. dazavaikAlika, 3. uttarAdhyayana, 4. AcArAMga, 5. sUtrakRtAMga, 6. dazAzrutaskaMdha, 7. bRhatkalpa, 8 vyavahAra, 9. sUryaprajJapti ane 10. RSibhASita. temAMthI sUryaprajJapti ane RSibhASitanI niyuktio anupalabdha che. AvazyakaniryuktimAM AcArya bhadrabAhue niryukti racanAno saMkalpa karavI vakhate A kramamAM ja graMthonAM nAma rajU kyA che, Avassagassa dasakAtiassa taha uttarajjhamAyAre / sUyagaDe nijjuttiM vucchAmi tahA dasANaM ca // 84 kappassa ya nijjurti vavahArasseva paramANiuNassa / sUriapaNNattIe vucchaM isibhAsiANaM ca // 85 2010_03

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134 vividhA ane niyuktiomAM ullekhita anya niyuktionAM nAma vagerene AdhAre ema kahI zakAya ke niyuktiono racanAkrama paNa A ja haze. racanApaddhati sAmAnya rIte niryuktimAM mULa graMthanA pratyeka pada vize vistArathI samajUtI ApavAmAM AvatI nathI, paNa pAribhASika zabdo vize arthavistAra karavAmAM Ave che. naryuktinI vyAkhyAnazailI nikSepa paddhatinA rUpamAM prasiddha che. A paddhatimAM koI eka padanA saMbhavita aneka artha ApyA pachI emAMthI aprastuta arthono niSedha karIne prastuta arthane grahaNa karavAmAM Ave che. jaina nyAyazAstra paNa A paddhatinuM ghaNuM mahattva che. niryuktikAra bhadrabAhue niryuktinuM prayojana darzAvIne A paddhatine ja niryukti mATe uparyukta hovAnuM jaNAvyuM che. anya dRSTie joIe to nikSepa-paddhatine AdhAre karelA zabdArthanA nirNaya-nizciyanuM nAma ja niryukti che. AcArya bhadrabAhue AvazyakaturyaktimAM spaSTa jaNAvyuM che ke NijjuttA te atthA jaM baddhA teNa hoi NijjuttI / tahaviya icchAvei vibhAsiuM suttaparivADI // 88 // eka zabdanA aneka artha hoI zake che, paNa kayo artha kayA saMdarbhamAM uparyukta che, bhagavAna mahAvIranA upadezanA samaye kayA zabda sAthe kayo artha saMbaddha haze, te hakIkatane dRSTi samakSa rAkhIne ja samyakarUpathI arthanirNaya karavo ane arthano mULa sUtranA zabdo sAthe saMbaMdha sthApita karavo te ja niyuktinuM prayojana che. Avazyakaniryukti Avazyaka niryukti AcArya bhadrabAhunI prathama niryukti che, viSayavaividhyanI dRSTie anya niryuktionI apekSAe vadhAre mahattvapUrNa che. Avazyakaniyukti e AvazyakasUtranA sAmAyika Adi cha adhyayano vizenI prAkRta bhASAmAM lakhAyelI - prAcIna padya TIkA che. tenA vize jinabhadra, jinadAsagaNi, haribhadra, koTyAcArya, malayagiri, maladhArI hemacaMdra, mANijyazekhara vagere AcAryoe vividha vyAkhyAo paNa racI che. Avazyaka niryuktinA AraMbhamAM upodUdhAta che, tyArabAda namaskAra, caturvizatistavana, vaMdanA, pratikramaNa, kAyotsarga, prAyazci. dhyAna, pratyAkhyAna vagere vize nikSepa paddhatithI vyAkhyA karavAmAM AvI che. A niryuktinI gAthA-saMkhyA vize matabheda pravarte che. vRttikAra haribhadrasUrie kula saMkhyA 2386 batAvIne temAMthI 256 bhASyanI ane 450 prakSipta gAthAo hovAnuM batAvIne te bAda ratAM gAthAnI mULa saMkhyA 1623 hovAnuM jaNAvyuM che. mANijyazekharakRta' AvazyakaniyuktidIpikA'mAM niryuktinI 1615 gAthAo che 2010_03

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AcArya bhadrabAhukRta Avazyaka niryukti 135 ane bhaTTAraka jJAnasAgarasUrie mULa gAthAonI saMkhyA 1637 batAvI che. " niryuktinI gAthAo mukhyatve AryA chaMdamAM lakhavAmAM AvI che, keTalIka gAthAo anuchupamAM paNa che. viSayavastu : upodyAta Avazyakaniyuktino prAraMbha graMthanI pArzvabhUmikArUpe upodghAtathI thAya che. temAM 880 gAthAo che. tenI prathama gAthAmAM jJAnanA pAMca prakAra batAvavAmAM AvyA che : AbhiNibohiyanANaM suyanANaM ceva ohinANaM ca / taha maNapajjavanANaM kevalanANaM ca paMcamayaM // 1 // Abhinibodhika, zruta, avadhi, mana:paryaya ane kevaLa. A paMca prakAranuM jJAna maMgalarUpa che, tethI A gAthA dvArA ja maMgalagAthAnuM prayojana paNa siddha karavAmAM AvyuM che, tyArabAda jJAnanA vizeSa peTAprakAro ane vizeSatAonuM paNa nirUpaNa karavAmAM AvyuM che. Abhinibodhaka jJAnanA saMdarbhamAM cAra prakAra ApyA che : avagraha, IhA, avAya ane dhAraNA. temanA kALapramANano paNa nirdeza thayo che. Abhinibodhaka jJAnanA saMdarbhamAM zabda ane bhASAnA svarUpanuM paNa varNana karyuM che. jJAnanA nimittabhUta pAMca Indriyo zabda, rUpa Adi viSayonuM kevI rIte grahaNa kare che tenuM nirUpaNa che. Abhinibodhika jJAnanA paryAya A pramANe darzAvyA che. IhA, apoha, vimarza, mArgaNA, gaveSaNA, saMjJA, smRti, mati ane prajJA. tyArabAda satpadaprarUpaNAmAM gati, Indriya,kAya, yoga, veda, kathA, vezyA, samyakatva, jJAna, darzana, saMyama, upayoga, AhAra, bhASaka, parItta, paryAptaka, sUkSma, saMjJI, bhava ane carama - A sarva dvAra ke dRSTio dvArA tenI carcA thaI zake che, tevo saMketa karyo che. zrutajJAnanI carcA karatAM AcAryazrIe tenA prakAra vaividhyane sacoTa daSTAMta dvArA varNavatAM jaNAvyuM che ke lokamAM jeTalA akSara che ane tenAM jeTalAM saMyukta rUpa banI zake che teTalA zrutajJAnanA bheda saMbhava che. patteyamakkharaI, akkharasaMjoga jattiA loe| evaiyA payaDIo, suyanANe huMti NAyavyA // 17 // zrutajJAnanA sarva prakAranuM varNana asaMbhava hovAnuM nirdezIne niryuktikAre tenA cauda prakAranA nikSepa A rIte batAvyA che : akSara, saMjJI, samyaka, sAdika, saparyavasati, gamika, aMgapraviSTa, anakSara, asaMzI, mithyA, anAdika, aparyavasita, 2010_03

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136 vividhA agamika ane aMgabAhya . te ja pramANe avadhijJAnanA prakAro paNa asaMkhya che. tema chatAM tenA mukhya be bheda gaNI zakAya. bhavapratyaya ane guNapratyaya. tenA cauda nikSepa niryuktikAre batAvyA che. tema chatAM nAma, sthApanA, dravya kSetra, kAma, bhava ane bhAva e sAta nikSepo dvArA paNa avadhijJAnanI carcA thaI zake che tevo saMketa paNa karyo che. tyArabAda mana:paryAyajJAna ane kevalajJAna vize temaNe kahyuM che ke mana dvArA cintita arthanuM mAtra AtmasApekSa jJAna manaHparyAyajJAna che, te manuSyakSetra sudhI ja sImita che, guNaprAtyadhika che tathA cAritryavAnonI saMpatti che. tathA sarva dravya ane temanA samagra paryAyonuM sarvakAlabhAvI tathA apratipAtI jJAna kevaLajJAna che. temAM koI prakAre vibhinnatAo hotI nathI teno eka ja prakAra che. tyArabAda dravyazrata ane bhAvakRta vize nirdeza karIne, pUrvabhUmikA racIne, sarva tIrthakaro ane vizeSarUpe mahAvIra svAmIne namaskAra kare che. mahAvIrasvAmI pachI gaNadhara ane temanA ziSya-praziSya vagerene namaskAra karIne AvazyakAdi dasa sUtragraMthono AdhAra laIne niryukti racavAno saMkalpa vyakta kare che. ahIM Avazyakaniryukti prathama racavAno temano Azaya paNa vyakta thAya che. temAM paNa guruparaMparAne kAraNe upadaSTi hovAthI sAmayikaniyuktinI racanA prathama karavAnuM prayojana varNave che. AcArya bhadrabAhu sAmAyikane saMpUrNa zrutimAM prathama mUke che. kAraNa ke cAritrano prAraMbha ja sAmayikathI thAya che. cAritranI pAMca bhUmikAomAM prathama bhUmikA sAmAyika cAritranI che. tethI ja niryuktikAre kahyuM che - sAmAiyamAIyaM suyanANaM jAva bindusArAo / tassavi sAro caraNaM sAro caraNassa nivvANaM // 16 // zrutajJAnano sAra cAritra che ane cAritrano sAra nirvANa arthAt mokSa che, ane te ja aMtima lakSya che. ahIM sAmAyikanA saMdarbhamAM AcArye bahu kuzaLatApUrvaka sadRSTAnta jJAna ane cAritranA paraspara saMbaMdhonI carcA karI che. kevaLa jJAna athavA kevaLa kriyA ekAMgI rIte saMpUrNa nathI. A gahana tathya sacoTa daSTAnta dvArA temaNe A rIte nirUpyuM che : jahA kharo caMdaNabhAravAhI, bhArassa bhAgI nahu caMdaNassa / / evaM khu nANI caraNeNa hINo, nANassa bhAgI sahu soMggiIe / / 100 // hayaM nANaM kiyAhINaM, hayA annANao kiyA / pAsaMto paMgulo daTTho, dhAvamANo a aMdhao // 101 // saMjogasiddhIi phalaM vayaMti, nahu egacakkeNa raho payAi / aMdho ya paMgU ya vaNe samijvA, te saMpautA nagaraM paviTThA / / 102 // 2010_03

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AcArya bhadrabAhukRta Avazyaka niryukti 137 mokSane mATe jJAna ane cAritra baMne anivArya che. temanA saMtulita samanvayathI ja mokSa prApta karI zakAya che. jevI rIte caMdanano bhAra UMcakI janAra gadheDuM bhAra UMcake che paNa zItaLatA, suvAsa Adi caMdananA guNone grahaNa karatuM nathI. tevI rIte cAritrarahita jJAnI kevaLa jJAnano ja bhAgIdAra bane che, sagatino nahi. kriyArahita jJAna ane ajJAnInI kriyAne vyartha ja samajavAM. jaMgalamAM Aga lAge tyAre cUpacApa UbhA UbhA Agane joyA karanAra paMgu manuSya ane Amatema doDato aMdhajana-baMne AgamAM bhasmIbhUta thAya che. baMnenA saMyogathI siddhi maLe che. eka paiDAthI ratha cAlI zakto nathI. aMdhajana ane paMgumanuSya sAthe maLIne nagaramAM praveze che. ahIM jJAnadarzananI durbodha vAtane niryuktikAre samucita dRSTAnta dvArA sahajamAM samajAvI che. punaH sAmAyikanI carcA karatAM sAmAyika mATe adhikArI vyaktinA guNa, teno kramazaH thato vikAsa, tenAM karmono kSaya-upazama ane kSayopazama, kevaLajJAna ane mokSaprApti vagerenuM vistRta varNana ApyuM che. je sAmAyika zrutanA adhikArI che te ja kramazaH vikAsa karIne bhaviSyamAM tIrthakararUpe utpanna thAya ce ane potAnA samayanA prathama zrutano upadeza Ape che. A mRtopadezane jina-pravacana paNa kahe che tevuM jaNAvIne niryuktikAre pravacanazabdanA paryAya, sUtra-taMtra Adi ekArthaka zabdo, anuyoga Adi paryAyavAcI zabdo ane bhASA vibhASA tathA vArtikanA bheda spaSTa karyA che. sAmAyikanA vyAkhyAnano prAraMbha karatA pahelAM vyAkhyAnanI vidhirUpa-uddeza arthAta viSayanuM sAmAnya kathana, nirdeza arthAt viSayanuM vizeSa kathana, nirgama, kSetra, kALa, puruSa vagere 26 vAtono nirdeza kare che. nirgamanI carcA karatAM karatAM mahAvIra svAmIno mithyAtva vagerethI kevI rIte nirgama thayo tenI rajUAta niryuktikAra kare che ane tenA uttaramAM mahAvIra svAmInA pUrvabhavanI kathA kahe che. temanA pratyeka pUrvabhava, janma, nAma-zarIra pramANa, saMhanana, varNa, strIo, Ayu, vibhAga, bhavanaprApti, nIti-vagere vize saMkSipta varNana ApyuM che ane prathama tIrthakara RSabhadevanA pUrvabhavo ane tIrthakara nAmakarma bAMdhavAnAM vIsa kAraNo ApyAM che. RSabhadevanA jIvana sAthe saMbaMdhita-janma, nAma, vRddhi, jAtismaraNajJAna, vivAha, apatya, abhiSeka, rAjayasaMgraha vagere ghaTanAonuM paNa nirUpaNa thayuM che. te sAthe tatkAlIna AhAra, zilpa, karma, alaMkAra, gaNita, vyavahAranIti, yuddha, cikitsA, arthazAstra, vivAha paddhati AdinuM varNana paNa karavAmAM AvyuM che. RSabhadevanA jIvanacaritranI sAthe sAthe anya tIrthakaronAM jIvanacaritrono paNa saMketa karavAmAM Avyo che. bharatabAhubalInA yuddha samaye bAhubalIne adharma-yuddha prati kevI rIte vairAgya Avyo tenuM niryuktikAre varNana karyuM che. temaNe jaNAvyuM che ke bAhubalie bhagavAna 2010_03

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138 vividhA RSabhadevanI smRtimAM dharmacakranI sthApanA karI hatI. bhagavAna RSabhadevanA nirvANanA prasaMganuM vigatavAra varNana ApyA pachI niryuktikAra aneka bhavATIone pAra karIne marIci aMtamAM brAhmaNakuDugrAmamAM koDAlasagotra brAhmaNanA gharamAM devAnaMdAnI kukSamAM praveza kare che - te ghaTanAnA nirUpaNa sAthe mahAvIra svAmInA jIvanacaritrano AraMbha kare che. temanA jIvana sAthe saMbaMdha rAkhanArI A tera ghaTanAono paricaya A niryuktimAM maLe che : svapna, garbhApahAra, abhigraha, janma, abhiSeka, vRddhi, jAtismaraNa jJAna, bhavotpAdana, vivAha, apatya, dAna, saMbodha ane mahAbhiniSkramaNa, mahAvIra svAmInA 11 gaNadharo. temanuM saMkSipta jIvanavRttAMta paNa ahIM AlekhAyuM che. kSetra, kAla, puruSa, kAraNa, pratyaya arthAt zraddhAddhAra lakSaNadvAra ane nayadvAra vagere dvAronA upadezanA saMdarbhamAM jainadarzananA tAtvika siddhAMto samajAvyA che. nayadvAramAM sAta mULa nayanAM nAma ane lakSaNa paNa vistArathI nirUpyAM che. AryarakSita ane temanA cAra anuyoga tathA sAta nihno paricaya paNa ahIM maLe che. upoddhAtanA aMtamAM anumata dvAranuM vyAkhyAna karatAM AcAryae sAmAyikanA traNa bheda : samyaktava, zruta ane cAritranuM varNana karyuM che. jainadarzananA AcAra-vicAranA vistRta vizleSaNa sAthe upoddAtaniyukti samApta thAya che. namaskAra sAmAyikasUtranA prAraMbhamAM namaskAra maMtra Ave che, tethI namaskAranI niryuktinA rUpamAM AcArya utpatti, nipada, pada, padArtha, prarUpaNA, vastu, AkSepa, prasiddhi, krama, prayojana ane phaLa-A agiyAra dvArothI namaskAramaMtranI vivecanA kare che. jayAM sudhI namaskAranI utpattino prazna che tyAM sudhI kahI zakAya ke te utpanna paNa che ane anutpaga paNa che. te nitya ane anitya paNa che. namaskAramAM cAra prakAranA nikSepa che : nAma, sthApanA, dravya ane bhAva. padanA pAMca prakAra che : nAmika, naipAtika, aupasargi, AkhyAtika ane mizra. "namasa' pada nipAtasiddha hovAthI naipAtika che. teno artha dravyasaMkoca ane bhAvasaMkoca che. prarUpaNAnA be, cAra, pAMca, cha ane nava bheda alaga alaga rIte thaI zake che. arihaMta, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya ane sAdhu - A pAMca namaskAra yogya che, tethI tenI carcA vastuDhAramAM karI che. arihaMta Adi paMca parameSThInuM niyuktikAre bahu vistArathI satutigAna karyuM che. temanAM lakSaNAdino savistara paricaya Apyo che. arihaMta zabdano artha samajAvatAM AcAryazrIe kahyuM che ke Indriya, viSaya, kaSAya, parISaha, vedanA, upasarga vagere AMtarika ari arthAt zatrunuM hanana kare che te arihaMta che. anya prakAre paNa tenA artha samajAvyA che rAgabosakasAe, iMdiANi a paMcavi / parIsahe uvassagge, nAmapatAM namo'rihA // 918 // 2010_03

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AcArya bhadrabAhuphata Avazyaka niryukti 139 - "siddha' zabdanI vyAkhyA karatAM jaNAya che ke je karma, zilpa, vidyA, maMtra, yoga, Agama, artha, yAtrA abhiprAya tapa ane karmakSaya-temAM siddha arthAta supariniSThita ane paripUrNa che te siddha che. abhiprAya, karmakSaya vagerenI vistRta vyAkhyAo paNa tenI aMtargata karI che. tenI sAthe siddhasthAna, siddhazilApramANa, siddhazilAsvarUpa, siddhAvagAhanA, siddhasparzanA, siddhalakSaNa, siddhasukha vagere vize paNa mAhitI ApI AcArya zabdano artha ApatAM jaNAve che ke, je jJAna, darzana, caritra, tapa ane vIrya A pAMca prakAranA AcAronuM svayaM AcaraNa kare che, anya samakSa tenuM prarUpaNa kare che ane potAnA AcAra dvArA ja anyane teno paricaya karAve che te bhAvAcArya che - paMcavihaM AyAraM AyaramANA tahA pabhAsaMtA / AyAraM saMtA AyariyA teNa vuccaMti // 994 // AyAro nANAI tassAyaraNA pabhAsaNAo vA / je te bhAvAyariyA bhAvAyArovauttA ya // 995 / / je dvAdazAMganuM svayaM adhyayana kare che ane bIjAne vAcanArUpe upadeza paNa Ape che te upAdhyAya che. upAdhyAya zabdano vyutpattimUlaka artha paNa temAM Apyo che tathA je nirvANa sAdhaka vyApAranI sAdhanA kare che, tene sAdhu kahe che athavA je sarva prANIo pratye samabhAva rAkhe che te sAdhu che nivvANasAhae joe, jamhA sAhaMti sAhuNo / samA ya savvabhUesu, tamhA te bhAvasAhuNo // 1002 // A pAMca namaskAra sarva maMgalomAM prathama arthAt sarvazreSTha maMgala che. tyArabAda AkSepaDhAra, prayojanadvAra tathA phaladvAramAM namaskAranI vidhi, namaskArano uddezya ane Ihaloka ke pAralaukika phaLaprApti vize vizada nirUpaNa karyuM che. paMcanamaskAra pachI sAmAyikavrata grahaNa karavAmAM Ave che. te nimitte sAmAyika zabdanI vyAkhyA tathA kAraNa ane kAraNano bheda, karma AtmAnuM kartutva vagere vize samagralakSI samIkSA karI che. AcArya bhadrabAhue sAmAyikano artha ApatAM jaNAvyuM che ke sAmAyikano artha che traNa karaNa ane traNa yogathI sAvadya kriyAno tyAga. traNa karaNa arthAt karavuM, karAvavuM ane karanAranuM anumodana karavuM. traNa yoga arthAt mana, vacana ane kAyA tenAthI thanArI sAvadya kriyAono tyAga karavo. caturvizatistava AvazyakasUtranuM bIjuM adhyayana covIsa tIrthakaronI stutinuM che. AraMbhamAM 2010_03

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140 vividhA AcAryo tenA nikSepanI vAta karI che. "caturvizati' zabdanA cha prakAranA nikSepa A pramANe che : nAma, sthApanA, dravya, kSetra, kAla ane bhAva. "stava' zabdanA cAra prakAranA nikSepa che : nAma, sthApanA, dravya ane bhAva. ahIM AcArya AvazyakasUtramAM AvatA logassajajoyagare pAThamAMnA "loka vagere zabdonI vividha prakAre carcA karI che. temAM tIrthanI vyAkhyA ApatAM temaNe jaNAvyuM che ke "jyAM aneka janmothI saMcita aSTavidha kamarajane tapa ane saMyamathI vizuddha karI zakAya che, te bhAvatIrtha che - aTThavihaM kammarayaM buhaehi bhavehiM saMciaM jamhA / tavasaMjameNa dhuvvai tamhA taM bhAvao titthaM // 1068 // jinavara athavA tIrthaMkara A pramANe dharmatIrthanI sthApanA kare che : temane jina" eTalA mATe kahe che ke temaNe krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha vagere doSo para vijaya meLavelA hoya che. karmarajarUpI arino nAza karavAne kAraNe temane "arihaMta' paNa kahe che. - jiyakohamANamAyA jiyalAhA teNa te jiNA huMti / ariNo haMtA rayaM haMtA arihaMtA teNa vuccaMti // 1076 // vaMdana tRtIya adhyayananuM nAma vaMdanA che. A adhyayanakramanA AraMbhamAM AcAryae jaNAvyuM che ke vandanAkarma, citikarma kRtikarma, pUjAkarma ane vinayakarma-A pAMca sAmAnya rIte vaMdananA paryAya che. temaNe nava dvArothI vaMdana vize carcA karI che : 1. vaMdanA kone karavI joIe, 2. konA dvArA thavI joIe, 3. kyAre karavI, 4. keTalIka vAra karavI, 5. vaMdana karatI vakhate keTalI vAra namavuM joIe, 6, keTalI vAra mastaka namAvavuM joIe, 7. keTalA AvazyakothI zuddha thavuM joIe, 8. keTalA doSomAMthI mukta thavuM joIe, ane 9. vaMdanA zA mATe karavI joIe. A carcAnA niSkarSarUpe te jaNAve che ke haMmezA darzana, jJAna, cAritra, tapa, vinaya vagerenI sAdhanA je kare che te ja vaMdanIya che ane vaMdana karanAra paMcamahAvratI, Alasyarahita, mAnApamAnathI rahita, saMvigna ane nirjarArthI hoya che. eganikkhamaNaM ceva, paNavIsaM viyAhiyA / AvassagehiM pirasuddhaM, kiikammaM jehi kIraI // 1204 // kirakammapi karito na hoI kiikmmjjiraabhaagii| paNavIsAmannayaraM sAhU DhANaM virArhito // 1205 // pratikramaNa. pratikramaNano traNa dRSTie vicAra karavAmAM Avyo che : (1) pratikramaNarUpa 2010_03

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AcArya bhadrabAhukRta Avazyaka niryukti kriyA, (2) pratikramaNanA kartA ane (3) jenuM pratikramaNa karavAnuM che te azubhayogarUpa karma (pratikrantavya), praticaraNA, pariharaNA vAraNA, nivRtti, niMdA, garhA, zuddhi vagere pratikramaNanA paryAyo che. pratikramaNanA daivasika, rAtrika, itvarika, yAvatkathika, pAkSika, cAturmAsika, sAMvatsarika vagere prakAro hoya che. pratikramaNanA saMdarbhamAM mahAgiri, sthUlabhadra, dharmaghoSa, surendradatta, vAstaka, dhanvantari vaid, Arya puSpabhUta vagere vyaktionAM dRSTAnto rajU karavAmAM AvyAM che. kAyotsarga niryuktikAre agiyAra dvAro vaDe kAyotsarga zabda samajAvyo che : (1) nikSepa, (2) ekArthaka zabda, (3) vidhAnamArgaNA, (4) kAlapramANa (5) bhedaparimANa, (6) azaTha, (7), zaTha, (8) vidhi, (9) doSa, (10) adhikArI ane (11) phaLa. kAryotsargamAM be pada che : kAya ane utsarga. 'kAya' zabdano bAra prakArano ane 'utsarga' no cha prakArano nikSepa che. e baMnenA ekArthaka zabdo paNa niryuktikAre ApyA che. kAyotsarganA mukhya be prakAra che : ceSTAkAyotsarga ane abhibhavakAyotsarga. kAyotsarganA anya prakArabhedonI carcA karavAnI sAthe AcArye kAyotsargathI thatA lAbhanuM paNa varNana karyuM che. kAyotsargathI deha ane buddhinI zuddhi thAya che, sukha-duHkha sahana karavAnI kSamatA vadhe che. anuprekSA arthAt anityatA vagerenuM ciMtana karavAnI tatparatA Ave che ane ekAgratApUrvaka zubha dhyAnano abhyAsa thAya che - aTThavipi ya kammaM aribhUyaM teNa tajjayaTThAe / abbhuTTiyA u tavasaMjamaMmi kuvyaMti niggaMthA // 1456 // tassa kasAyA cattAra nAyagA kammasattusinnassa / kAussaggamabhaggaM karaMti to tajjayaTThAe // 1467 // 141 kAyotsarganI vidhi, kAyotsarganA 19 doSa, kAyotsarganA adhikArI tathA kAyotsarganA phaLa vize paNa sadRSTAMta sahita vyAkhyA karI che. pratyAkhyAna AcArya bhadrabAhu pratyAkhyAnano cha prakAre vicAra kare che H (1) pratyAkhyAna, (2) pratyAkhyAtA, (3) pratyAkhyeya, (4) parSada, (5) kathanavidhi ane (6) phala. pratyAkhyAnanA cha prakAra kahyA che H (1) nAma pratyAkhyAna, (2) sthApanA pratyAkhyAna, (3) dravya pratyAkhyAna, (4) aditsA pratyAkhyAna, (5) kathanavidhi ane (6) bhAva pratyAkhyAna. pratyAkhyAnanI zuddhi paNa cha prakAre thAya che. pratyAkhyAnanA guNo tarapha dhyAna AkRSTa karatAM AcArya jaNAve che ke pratyAkhyAnathI karmAgama eTale ke AsravanAM dvAra baMdha thaI jAya che. Asravano kSaya thAya che, tethI tRSNAno nAza ane upazamanI 2010_03

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142 prApti thAya che. zuddha cAritradharmano udaya thavAthI karmanirjarA thAya che ane kramazaH cha kevalajJAnanI prApti thAya che. pratyAkhyAnanA phaLasvarUpe mokSanuM zAzvata sukha maLe che. pratyAkhyAna AvazyakasUtranuM aMtima adhyayana che ane tenA phaLakathana sAthe Avazyakaniryukti samApta thAya che. vividhA AvazyakaniryuktimAM cha AvazyakanuM kathana ane tenuM vivaraNa viSayavastunI dRSTie mahattvanuM che. tenuM mukhya dhyeya cha AvazyakanA sUkSmatama rahasyane pragaTa karavAnuM che, paNa ahIM tenuM phalaka atyaMta vyApaka banI gayuM che. jainadarzananA gaha siddhAMto, tattvanirUpaNa ane AcAravicAranI vidhinuM atyaMta UMDANathI ane talasparzI rIte ahIM nirUpaNa thayuM che. AmAMthI koIpaNa Avazyakane anulakSatI vigatonI, tenA samagra svarUpanI atyaMta jhINavaTathI sarvAMgI chaNAvaTa karI che. jema ke kAyotsarganAM vidhi-vidhAna vagerenuM vividha dvArothI vyAkhyAna karatI vakhate tenA 19 doSo paNa temaNe varNavyA che. temAM mAnavamana ane tanaviSayaka sUkSma vyApAro aMgenI temanI UMDI samajazaktino paricaya maLa che. niryuktikAranI vizeSatA e che ke nirUpyamANa viSaya sAthe saMbaMdhita sarva vigato coksAIpUrvaka rajU kare che. enA nAmamAtrano nirdeza karIne ja te aTakatA nathI, tenI spaSTa samajUtI Ape che ane jarUra jaNAya tyAM dRSTAnto paNa rajU kare che. jema ke AhAra pratyAkhyAna vize carcA karatAM teA azana, pAna, khAdima ane svAdima - e cAra prakAranI AhAravidhi hovAnuM jaNAvIne e darekanI vyAkhyA paNa kare che. je zIghra kSudhAne zAnta kare che te azana che, je prANa arthAt indriyAdino upakAra kare che te pAna che, je AkAzamAM eTale ke udaranA rikta bhAgamAM samAya che te khAdima che, je sa-rasa AhAranA guNono svAda pradAna kare che te svAdima che. vaMdana vize vyAkhyA karatAM vaMdana kone karavuM, kevI rIte karavuM vagere vize samagralakSI carcA karI che. vaMdana suyogya vyaktine ja karavuM joIe. AcArya bhadrabAhunA matAnusAra guNahIna, avaMgha vyaktine vaMdana karavAthI karmonI nirjarA thatI nathI, paNa asaMyama ane durAcArane anumodana ApavAthI karmono baMdha thAya che. A prakAranuM vaMdana vyartha kAyAkleza che. zramaNoe asaMyatI, mAtA, pitA, guru, senApati, prazAsaka, rAjA, deva, devI vagerene vaMdana na karavA joIe. je saMyatI che, medhAvI che, susamAhita che, paMcasamiti ane triguptithI yukta che, te zramaNane ja vaMdanA karavI joIe saMyamabhraSTa saMnyAsIone vaMdana karavAnI na kIrti maLe che, na nirjarA thAya che, te kevaLa karmabaMdhanuM ja kAraNa bane che. vaMdanA karanAra pote paNa paMcamahAvratamAM Alasyarahita, saMyamI ane nirjarArthI hovo joIe. jaina vicAradhArA anusAra cAritra ane sadaguNathI saMpanna vyaktio ja vaMdanIya che. AvazyakaniryuktimAM vaMdananA 32 doSonuM paNa varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che. vaMdananA samaye svArthabhAva, AkAMkSA, bhaya ane anAdarano bhAva 2010_03

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AcArya bhadrabAhuphata Avazyaka niryukti 143 hovo, yogya sanmAnasUcaka vacanonuM samyapha rIte uccAraNa na karavuM tathA zArIrika rUpe sanmAnavidhinuM yogya pAlana na karavuM-te vaMdananA doSo che. anyathA potAnAthI zreSTha vyaktione vizuddha bhAve, samyapha rIte vaMdana karavuM te sAdhakanuM Avazyaka kartavya che. jayAM jarUra jaNAI che tyAM samucita dRSTAntonuM paNa Alekhana karyuM che. jema ke kAyotsarganA Aloka ane paraloka vizenA phaLanuM varNana karatAM subhadrA, rAjA uditodita, zreSThibharyA mitravatI, sodAsa, khaDagastammana vagerenAM dRSTAnno paNa prayoje che. zramaNajIvananI saphaLa sAdhanA mATe anivArya evA sarva prakAranAM vidhividhAnonuM saMkSipta-sUtrAtmaka chatAM suvyavasthita nirUpaNa AvazyakaniryuktinI vizeSatA che. jaina paraMparA sAthe saMbaMdhita aitihAsika tathyonuM pratipAdana paNa sarvaprathama A niryuktimAM AvyuM che. AcAryazrI bhadrabAhue potAnI pachIthI lakhAyelI niryuktimAM punaH A viSayonuM nirUpaNa karavAne prasaMge, AvazyakaniryuktimAMthI te joI levAno saMketa karyo che. e dRSTie anya niryuktie punaH A viSayonuM nirUpaNa karavAne prasaMge, AvazyakaniryuktimAMthI te joI levAno saMketa karyo che. e daSTie anya niyuktionA abhyAsa mATe paNa AvazyakaniyuktinuM adhyayana Avazka banI rahe, evuM vyApaka tenuM viSayaphalaka che. - jainadarzana ane tattvanirUpaNa, A niryuktinuM nirdiSTa dhyeya hovA chatAM, temAM tatkAlIna saMskRtinAM aneka pAsAMono paricaya maLe che. tatkAlIna dhArmika paristhiti ane zramaNa paraMparAno spaSTa khyAla temAMthI maLe che marIci dvArA thayelI tridaMDI saMpradAyanI sthApanAno ahIM ullekha che. cAra anuyoganA saMdarbhamAM Aryavajja ane AryarakSitanA saMkSipta jIvanacaritranI rajUAta thaI che. niddhava saMpradAya ane sAta nidbhavanonA nAmono ullekha paNa ahIM maLe che. - AcArya bhadrabAhue AvazyakonAM phaLadvAra vize carcA karatAM aneka vyaktiono ullekha udAharaNa ke dRSTAntarUpe karyo che. jema ke pratikramaNa mATe nAgadatta, mahAgiri, sthUlabhadra, dhavaMtari vaidya, karaDaMka, puSpabhUti vagere aitihAsika puruSonAM udAharaNa ApyAM che. kAyotsarga mATe subhadrA, rAjA uditodita ane pratyAkhyAna mATe dhamila, dAmitra vagerenAM daSTAnto ane kyAreka jIvanacaritra paNa ApyAM che. mahAvIra svAmInA jIvanacaritranA saMdarbhamAM 11 gaNadharonAM nAma, janma, gotra, mAtA-pitA vagerenuM paNa varNana che. tenA dvArA tatkAlIna rAjakIya ane sAmAjika pRSThabhUmikA jANI zakAya che. bhagavAna RSabhadevanA jIvanacaritra samaye te yuganAM AhAra, zilpa, karma mamatA, vibhUSaNA, lekha, gaNita, rUpa, lakSaNaSa mAnadaDa, protana-prota, vyavahAra, nIti, buddha, ISazAstra, upAsanA, cikitsA arthazAstra, banya, vAta, teDana, yajJa, utsava, samavAya, - maMgala, kautuka, vastra, gandha, mAlaya, alaMkAra, cUlA, upanayana, vivAha, datti, mRtapUjana, dhyApanA, stUpa, zabda, krIDA, pRcchanA-A cAlIsa viSayo vize paNa saMketa 2010_03

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144 vividhA karavAmAM Avyo che. tIrthakaronAM jIvanacaritro dvArA paNa te samayanI rAjakIya, sAmAjika ane dhArmika sthitinI sAthe aitihAsika ane bhaugolika sthitinI jANakArI maLe che. jema ke RSabhadevanA putra bharate deza-vijaya mATe yAtrAno AraMbha karyo - te nimitta keTalAMka sthaLonI mAhitI maLe che. to 24 tIrthakaronAM pAraNAM-upavAsa-bhikSAlAbha Adi je nagaromAM thayAM hatAM te nagaronAM nAma paNa ahIM ApyAM che : hastinApura, ayodhyA, zrAvastI, sAketa, vijayapura, brahmasthala, pATalikhaDa, pAkhaMDa, zreyapura, rikhapura, siddhArthaphura, mahApura, dhAnyakara, vardhamAna, somanasa, mandira, cakrapura, rAjapura, mithilA, rAjagRha, vIrapura, dvAravartI, kUpakaTa, kollAkagrAma. tenI sAthe je vyaktio dvArA bhikSAlAbha thayo temanI paNa mAhitI maLe che. tIrthakaronA janma, tapazcaryA, jJAnaprApti, dharmopadeza, nirvANa vagere prasaMgo nimitte aneka nagaro, parvata, nadIo vagereno ullekha thayo che. A dRSTie saMskRtinA abhyAsa mATe paNa A graMtha niHzaMka aneka rIte upayogI banI zake tema che. jainadarzananA gahana viSayane niryuktikAre samucita upamA-daSTAnta vagere alaMkAronA viniyogathI saraLa ane subodha zailImAM rajU karyo che. AraMbhamAM Aga lAgelA jaMgalamAM Ubhelo paMgu ane Amatema doDato aMdhajana e benAM dRSTAnta dvArA jJAna ane kriyAnA suvyavasthita samanvayanI anivAryatA emaNe asarakAraka rIte darzAvI che. A prakAranAM aneka dRSTAntothI A gahana viSaya samajavAmAM subodha banI zakyo che. zailInI pravAhitA noMdhapAtra che. AcArya bhadrabAhu jainadarzananA prakhara jJAtA to hatA ja, paNa temaNe yojelAM samucita upamAno, AlekhelA prasaMgo ane ghaTanAone AdhAre kahI zakAya ke anya darzano ane viSayono temano abhyAsa paNa gahana ane talasparzI hato. mAnavamananA paNa te jJAtA hatA. mAnavamananI gatividhine pArakhIne ja tamaNe viSayanI rajUAta karI che, ane tethI ja te vadhAre sugrAhya banyo che. bhASAprabhutva ane saraLa, pravAhI, upamAdi alaMkAronA viniyogathI yukta zailIne kAraNe Avazyakaniyukti abhyAsIone mATe mArgadarzaka banI rahe tevo graMtha che. saMdarbha graMtha 1. zrImad bhadrabAhu svAmIracita, Avazyakaniyukti : (bhAga-1,2), punaHprakAzana zrI bheralAla kanaiyAlAla koThArI dhArmika TrasTa, muMbaI, vikrama saMvata 2038 2. prAkRta sAhityakA itihAsa, le.Do. jagadIzacaMdra jaina, caukhambA vidyAbhavana prakAzana, vArANasI - rU. nainasAhitya vRda tihAsa (mA-), . zrI. modInAta mehatA, pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodhasaMsthAna, vArANasI, dvi.A. 1989. 2010_03

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zrAvaka kavi RSabhadAsa : sAhityika viziSTatAo zrAvaka kavi RSabhadAsa : sAhityika viziSTatAo khaMbhAtanivAsI saMghavI sAMgaNa ane mAtA sarUpAdenA putra kavi RSabhadAsa sattaramI sadInA pUrvArdhanA eka khyAtanAma vidvAna kavi hatA. jahAMgIra ane zAhajahAMnA rAjyakALa daramiyAna khaMbhAtamAM rahIne ja temaNe aneka rAsAo, sajajhAyo, stavano ane gIto racIne gujarAtI sAhityamAM eka samartha kavi tarIkenuM sthAna meLavyuM hatuM. samaya ke temanA janma ke mRtyu vizenI koI cokkasa tithino ullekha temanI kRtiomAM ke anyatra maLato nathI. AthI temanA jIvananI ba sImAo- pUrvamaryAdA ane uttaramaryAdA anumAnathI AMkavAmAM AvI che. temanI prathama moTI kRti 'RSabhadeva rAsa' saM. 1662 (I. 1606) mAM racAI che. te pahelAM paNa keTalIka kRtio racAI hovAnI zakyatA che. tene AdhAre temanuM sAhityasarjana I. 1601 thI eTale sattaramI sadInI zarUAtathI gaNI zakAya. temanI chellA gaNAtI sAhityakRti 'rohaNiyA rAsa' saM. 16988 eTale ke I. 1934 mAM racAyelI che. tyAra bAda ekabe kRti racAI hovAnI saMbhAvanA rahe. Ama temanA sarjananI uttaramaryAdA I. 1635 gaNI zakAya. A pramANe temano kavanakALa I. 1601 thI I. 1635no gaNAya. 145 'hIravijayasUri rAsa' tathA 'upadezamAlA rAsa'mAM kavie pote samasyAyukta padyamAM potAnAM nAma, vatana, pitA, mAtA, rAjA Adino viziSTa rIte paricaya Apyo che. teo tapagacchanA vijayasenasUrinA ziSya hatA. kavine saMskRta, prAkRta Adi sAhitya tathA dharmanuM sAruM jJAna hatuM. sarasvatIdevInI temanA upara anahada kRpA hatI. RSabhadAse pote aneka hoMziyAra vidyarthIone bhaNAvyA hatA. ane potAnA uttama AcAravicAra vaDe teo eka parama zrAvaka tarIke ALakhAtA hatA. temano parivAra bahoLo, sukhI temaja samRddha hato. temanA pitA tathA dAdAe saMgha kADhelA ane temanI potAnI icchA paNa saMgha kADhavAnI hatI. paNa dravyanA abhAve pUrI thaI zakelI nahIM. temaNe pote zatruMjaya, giranAra, zaMkhezvara vagere tIrthonI jAtrA karI hatI. kRtio kavie 'hIravijayasUri rAsa' mAM jaNAvyuM che te pramANe temaNe 34 rAsa, 58 stavana tathA aneka gIto, sajhAyo, stuti, (thoyo) vagere racyAM hatAM. temAM 'RSabhadeva rAsa', 'sthUlabhidra rAsa', 'sumitrarAjarSi rAsa', 'kumArapAla rAsa', 'bharatabAhubalI rAsa', 'hitazikSA rAsa', 'zreNika rAsa', 'kayavannA rAsa', 'hIravijayasUri rAsa', 'abhayakumAra rAsa', 'rohaNiyA rAsa' vagere mukhya che. A rAsAo 223 thI mAMDIne 6500 jeTalI gAthAomAM racAyA che. 'neminAtha navaraso','neminAtha rAjimatI stavana', 'AdinAtha vivAhalo', bAra ArA stavana', 'tIrthaMka2 24nAM kavita' e temanI nAnI paNa noMdhapAtra kRtio che. 2010_03

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146 vividhA sAhityika viziSTatAo RSabhadAsanI upalabdha kRtiono abhyAsa karatAM jaNAya che ke temanI bhASA saraLa, rasALa ane bhAvavAhI che. temanI kAvyazaktino uttama AvirbhAva temanAM gItomAM joI zakAya che. mAnavajIvana ane jagata vizenuM kavinuM jJAna vizALa ane talasparzI che. temAM emanA pAMDityanI sAthe mAnavamananAM gUDhAtigUDha rahasyone pAmavAnI zaktinuM yathArtha darzana thAya che. A sAhityakRtiomAM vyakta thatI, RSabhadAsanI keTalIka viziSTatAo joIe. temanA rAsAomAM nagaraviSayaka aneka varNano maLe che. khAsa karIne hitazikSA rAsa', "mallinAtha rAsa", ne "hIravijayasUri rAsamAM khaMbhAtanuM vistRta varNana maLe che. khaMbhAta kavinuM vatana hatuM. eTale kevaLa zuSka nagaravarNana na rahetAM temAM bhAvanAno Acho sparza paNa bhaLelo che. pATaNa, ayodhyA vagere nagaronAM varNano paNa AkarSaka ane je te nagaronI viziSTatAone tAdraza karanArAM che. nagaronAM vistAra, amApa samRddhi, vizALa mahAlayo, bAgabagIcA ane dharmasthAno, nagaranAM strI puruSokhAsa karIne rAjA, rANI, nagarazeTha, maMtrI vagerenI viziSTatAo, dharma ane karmarata prajAjIvana vagerenAM varNanomAMthI tatkAlIna janajIvananI mAhitI maLe che. kharekhara to Adarza nagara vizenI temanI kalpanA abhivyakta thaI hoya ema paNa banyuM che. keTalAMka varNano rUDha ane paraMparAgata paNa che. tema chatAM A varNano nIrasa ke zuSka na banI jAya tene mATe paNa kavi sabhAna che. pATaNamAM vasatA vizALa mAnavasamudAyanuM Alekhana karatAM kavi eka ramUjI prasaMga nirUpe che. ane tenA dvArA paTaNanI vasatI keTalI badhI gIca hatI teno pratyakSa khyAla Ape che. rANA nAmano DAbI AMkhe kANo paradezI ane tenI patnI nagaranA bajAramAM ekabIjAthI chUTAM paDI jAya che. patnI rAjA pAse jaIne potAno pati khovAyo hovAnI phariyAda kare che. ane rAjA DAbI AMkhe kANA ane rANA nAmanA mANasone bhegA kare che e Akho prasaMga kavinI ramUjI vRtti ane hAsyarasanA nirUpaNanA kavikauzalano paNa dyotaka che : sAMjhaI sAthi cohuI caDhyAM, karmasaMyogiI bhUlAM paDyAM, rotI raDavaDatI sA nAri, hatI bhupati bhavana mojhAri, svAmi, hArA nagara majhAri bhUlAM paDyAM amyo nara-nAri, svAmi nAme rANo eha, DAbiI AMkhaI kANo teha, ekaI iMdhANe mujha bharatAra, rAya karo mujhanI sAra, rAI vegaOM vajAvyo, rANA kANA AvI caDho, rANA kANA DAbi AMkhe, navasaI navANuM bhAkhi, milyA ekaThA nRpadarabAri, bhUpaI teDAvi sA nAri, sodhI lII tuM tAruM dhaNI, tujha kAraNi khapa kIdhi ghaNI, 2010_03

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zrAvaka kavi RSabhadAsa : sAhityika viziSTatAo nRpavacane te sodhai nAri, puruSa na disai teNi ThArI, sAmI, ehamAM nahi muja kaMta, rAya vinoda thayo atyaMta, phirI peDho bajAvyo jasai, rANo Avyo tasai nArI AlekhI lII bharatAra, paMDita kaviaNa karaU vicAra, narasamudra e pATaNa sahI, naranAri saMkhyA navi lahI. bAhubaLanA rAjyamAM saMdezo laIne jatA brAhmaNanuM ('bharatabAhubalI rAsa') ane 'kumArapALa rAsa'mAM kadarUpA naranAM varNana paNa evAM 2mUjapreraka ane tAddaza rIte AlekhAyelAM che. 'hitazikSA rAsa'mAM vyAjastuti ane svabhAvoktithI kurUpa nArInuM kareluM varNana paNa noMdhapAtra che : viMgaNa raMga jisI ujalI, bhala koThI sarakhI pAtalI, nIcI tADa jisI tuM nAra, kyAMhAMthI AvI mujha gharabAra, nhAnuM peTa jiyo vAdalo, lahyo hiNa jisso kAMbalo, jIbha suMhAlI dAtaraDA jisI, dekhI adhara UMTa gayA khasI, bheMzanayaNI AvI kyAMhathI, pakhAla jalakI jA khapha nathI. paga pIMjaNI ne vAMkA hAtha, bAvala zuM koNa deze bAtha, lAMbA dAMta ne TUMkuM nAka, trUTakanI mukha kaDavAM vAkya, TUMkI laTIye, ghoghara sAda, jA bhUMDI tujha kizyo saMvAda. naga2 varNanonI jema kavinAM yuddhaviSayaka varNano paNa noMdhapAtra che. temAM ratha, azva, haya, aneka zastrastro vizenI kavinI jANakArIno paricaya paNa maLe che. bharata ane bAhubaLI vacce thatuM pAMca prakAranuM yuddha - dRSTiyuddha, vacanayuda, mallayuddha, muSTiyuddha ane daMDayuddha - prAcInakALanAM hAthohAtha thatAM dvaMdvayuddhano tAddaza khyAla Ape che. 'bharatezvara rAsa' mAM anyatra yuddhanuM varNana kavi A rIte kare che : pRthivI lAgI dhrujavAjI, dizino thAe re dAha, ulkApAta thAe sahIjI, ati bhUMDA tyAM vAya, UDe kheha tyAM ati ghaNA jI, ane hoya tihAM nighAta. pItavarNo dahADo thayo jI, dekhe bahu utpAta, sAyarane zoSe sahI jI, kare parvata cakacUra, 147 OM AkAza dhaMdhoLatAjI, pRthivI phADe zUra, agnimAM pese sahIjI, siMha zuM letA 2e bAtha. nirUpyamANa viSayane yathAtatha rIte AlekhatAM RSabhadAsanAM AvAM varNano jIvana ane jagatanAM vividha kSetro vizenA temanA bahoLA jJAnano paricaya Ape che. kavi premAnaMdanI varNanazailInuM smaraNa karAve tevAM aneka anya varNano paNa maLe che. koI ekAda vIgatanA AlekhananA anuSaMge kavi te te viSayanI talasparzI jANakA2I paNa Ape che. 'bharatezvara bAhubaLI rAsa' mAM vajranAbha puMDarikanagarIno rAjA che. potAnAM 2010_03

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vividhA pAtakone yAda karatAM karelI jIvahiMsA vize vicAre che, tyAre kavi 'jIva, tRNa, thAva meM haNyAM'...ema zarR karIne dareka pazu, pakhI, jIvajaMtuonI yAdI kavi Ape che. alabatta, kavi AvI nAma-yAdIo ke sthULa vigatonAM varNano ApIne ja aTake che evuM nathI, temAM kavinI vidvattAnI sAthe mAnavamana vizenI vyApaka udAra samaja ane saMvedanazIlatAno paNa paricaya maLe che. dRSTAMta tarIke bharatanuM sainya nAsabhAga kare che tyAre te joIne bharatane du:kha thAya che; tyAre du:khI koNakoNa hoI zake te vize kavi kahe che H 148 vezyA viNa rUpeM duHkhI, yogI dhanasaMce, nidrA nahi nara rogiyo, bahu mAMkaNa maMce, putra kuvyasanI jehano te dukhayo bApa. duHkha moTu bhUi sUe, ghara mAMhi sApa. tAnI kaMTha vinA du:khI, paMDita viNa vANI, vaidya duHkhI tana rogiyo na lahe nisANI, satI strIne e duHkha ghaNuM, nara mUkI jAya, raNamAM daLa bhAge tadA, duHkha moTuM rAya. bAhubaLa ane bharatanu yuddha pUruM thatAM bAhubaLa koNa name ane koNa na name te vize vicAra che : na name soya nirguNI, name soya guNavaMta, na name vRkSa sUko, lalo taru namaMta. na name te vAMko vIMchI taNo aMkoro, namato ahIM maNidhara, jeha guNe karI pUro. na name nava hAle, kUpa taNAM je pANI, name girUo jaladhara, paraupakAra ja jANI. janajIvanano bahoLo abhyAsa ane sUkSma nirIkSaNothI temanuM kayitavya coTadAra ane mArmika banyuM che. AvAM to aneka dRSTAMto temanI kRtiomAMthI upalabdha thAya che. te uparAMta rojabarojanA jIvananI aneka bAbatone vistArathI ane rasamaya rIte kavi Alekhe che. zubha ane azubha svapna, svapnamAM joyelI vastuone AdhAre phaLanirdeza, svapna joyAnA samayane AdhAre phaLaprAptino samaya, sAco dAtA, dhananuM mAhAtmya, nAma pramANe guNa na hovA vize, puruSa ane strInAM batrIsa lakSaNo, padmiNI, hastinI, citraNI ane zaMkhiNI strIonA AcAravicAra, uttama azva ane talavAranAM lakSaNo, zukra-apazukano, karmaphaLa vize vicAratAM sItA, mallinAtha, zivakumAra, sulasa zrAvaka, arjunamAlI, paradezI rAya, zreNika, naMdana maNiyAra Adi aneka mahAna srIo tathA puruSone bhogavavAM paDelAM duHkho - ema aneka bAbatone kavie pUrI coksAIthI ane saMpUrNa rIte varNavI che. telamardana ane dAtaNavidhithI 2010_03

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zrAvaka kavi RSabhadAsa : sAhityika viziSTatAo 149 mAMDIne sAMsArika jIvananA vividha prazno, rAja kema calAvavuM, dhArmika AcAravicAra, Adarza rAjA, pradhAna ane vaNikanA guNo, rajapUtonI chatrIsa jAtanAM lakSaNo, AjIvikAnAM sAdhano lekhe vyApAra, vidyA, khetI, pazupAlana, vijJAna, nokarI ane bhikSA vizenAM dRSTAMta sahitanA kavitomAM RSabhadAsanuM pAMDitya pragaTa thAya che. vaNyaviSayanI yAdIo kyAreka paraMparAgata banI jatI hovA chatAM rUDha paNa tAjagIvALAM varNanomAM pramANaviveka jaLavAyo che. mAnavahRdayanI bhItaranAM bhAvasaMvedano jyAM jhilAyAM che tyAM hyadya kAvyakhaMDo maLI Ave che. saMsAranA kharA jANakAra kavie lokavyavahAramAMthI vINelAM upamA, sUcaka ane daSTAMtone kAraNe A nirUpaNo vedhaka banyAM che, AvAM varNanothI kathAtaMtu kyAreka laMbAto lAge che paNa rasa khaMDita thato nathI. hAsya kaTAkSa marmayukta upamAo ane daSTAMtothI kavi potAnA kathayitvanuM sacoTa pratipAdana kare che. bhAratanA sainyane AvatuM joIne mleccho vicAre che ke AvA kAyaranA sainyane parAbhava Apavo e to ramatavAta che. temanA A manobhAvane pragaTa karavA kavi kevAM uttama daSTAMto yoje che te joIe : jayAre kopa kare ja kuThAra, keLa kApatAM kahI vAra ! kamaLa upara kopyo kari, ukheLatAM kSaNa lAge ja kharI ? siMhane mRga haNatAM zI vAra? ravi kSaNamAM TALe aMdhAra, AtUra thira ke pere thAya, paMcaDa kopyo jyAre vAya ! vANInuM baLa-kAvyo ojasaguNa paNa noMdhapAtra bane che. raNamAM vIMjhAtI talavAro ane varasatAM bANonuM spaSTa zabdacitra kavi eka ja paMktimAM kuzaLatAthI Alekhe che : taravAro jima vIjaLI, bANa varase meha, satsaMganuM phaLa kevuM kSaNika hoya che te darzAvavA kavi kahe che : eka nara jagamAM loDhA sarIkhA, agni maLe tava rAtuM jI, agni gaye kALAnuM kALuM, raktapaNuM tala jAtuM jI, guru-yoga maLyo nara jyAre, dharma mati huI tyAre jI, java guruthI te aLago UDyo, tava te pApa saMbhAre jI. kumArapAla rAsa" nA prathama khaMDamAM AvatuM AMbAnA vRkSanuM varNana paNa manohArI che. mAnavahRdayanI Urmione tAdza rIte AlekhIne paNa kavi rasajamAvaTa karI zake che. neminAthajInuM stavana' mAM pazuonA citkAra sAMbhaLIne neminAtha lagna maMDapamAthI pAchA pharI jAya che tyAre rAjimatInA hRdayanI vedanAnuM kareluM nirUpaNa marmasparzI banyuM che. rAjimatI pativirahanuM kAramuM duHkha AvI paDavAnA kAraNarUpe jyAre potAnA ja doSa AgaLa karIne AkraMda karI UThe che tyAre karuNarasa vizeSa ghero bane che : 2010_03

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150 vividhA hiyaDe cite rAjula nArI, kIzAM karama kIdhAM kiratAra, ke meM jalamAM nAkhyA jAla, ke meM mAya vichoDyAM bAla, ke meM satIne caDAvyAM Ala, ke meM bhAkhI birUI gAla, ke meM vana dAvAnala dIyA, ke meM paradhana vaMcI lIyA ! ke meM zIlakhaMDanA karI, to mujane neme paraharI ! bharatarAjA dIkSA le che tyAre tenI rANIo vilApa kare che, tyAM paNa AvA ja marmavidAraka karuNanuM Alekhana che : nArI vananI re velaDI, jala viNa teha sukAya re, tamo jaLa sarIkhA re nAthajI, jAtAM velaDI karamAya re, jaLa vinA na rahe mAchalI, sUke poyaNapAna re, tuma viNa viNase re yauvanuM, kaMTha vinA jima gAna re, Ima vaLavaLatI re premadA AMsuDAM luhe te hAtha re, tuma viNa vAsara kima jaze, tuma viNa dohilI rAta re. AgaLa vadhatAM kavi kahe che : popaTa jhUre re pAMjare, vanamAM jhUre te mora re, khANa na khAya re vRSabho vArI, gavarI kare bahu sora re. bharatarAjAnI vidAyathI temanA pratyeka aMtevAsI paNa AvI ja hRdayavidAraka vedanAnI anubhUti kare che. kavinI bhASA saraLa paNa rasAtmaka che. lAMbAM varNanonI jema uktinuM lAghava ane baLa paNa kavinI siddhirUpa banyAM che. jUja zabdomAM potAnA kathayitavyane sacoTa rIte AlekhatI paMktio paNa noMdhapAtra che. temAM lokaanubhava ane mAnavamananI bhItaranI sRSTi jhIlAI che, jemake kuvacana dIdhAM na phAI, sAlaI haIDA mAMhi mAnasarovara jhIlIo, kAga na thAI haMsa. zAmaLanuM smaraNa karAvatI AvI aneka paMktio RSabhadAsanAM kAvyomAMthI maLe che. janajIvananA bahoLA abhyAsa ane sUkSma nirIkSaNone AdhAre tAravelA satyane kyAreka subhASita rUpe nirUpyuM che. sarikhA dina sarikhA valI, nohaI sura, nara, iMdra, jIhAM saMpada tihAM ApadA, caDhata paData ravi caMda. dUdhe sIMcyo lImaDo tohe na mITho thAya, ahinaIM amRta pAII, to sahI viSa navI jAya. sAyara saMdezo mokale, caMdA ! putra juhAra ! caDhyo kalaMka na Utare, tujha paMpaNaSa mujha khAra. to keTalIka bodhaka paMktio paNa maLe che : 2010_03

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zrAvaka kavi RSabhadAsa : sAhityika viziSTatAo pIpala taNuM jima pAMDuM, caMcala jima gaja-kAna dhana-yauvana-kAyA asI, ma karo mana abhimAna. A prakAranI paMktio vedhaka ane sUtrAtmaka banI che. kavie hAsya vara ane karuNarasanA AlekhanamAM noMdhapAtra siddhi meLavI che. paraMtu lagnanI vidhi dvArA ja vItarAgone udbodhanAra A kavinuM lakSya bhaktibodhaka zAMta upazamanA nirUpaNanuM ja che. A dRSTie joIe te siddharAjanA mRtyuprasaMgane varNavatuM gIta kavinI uttama kAvyakRti che. karuNarasanA nirUpaNamAM dekhAtuM kavinuM kAvyakauzaLa, mRtyunI sAthe ja jIvananI kSaNabhaMguratAnuM pragaTa thatuM gUDha rahasya ane atyaMta kAvyAtmaka rIte aMtamAM pragaTatA zAMta upazamanA bhAvane kAraNe prastuta kAvya RSabhadAsanI eka viziSTa ane noMdhapAtra sarjakakRti banI rahe che. AkhuM kAvya hRdayane ArapAra vIMdhe tevuM che. ciMtAmAM bhaDabhaDa baLatA jesaMganA dehane anulakSIne kavi kahe che : sonAvaraNI ceha baLe re, rUpAvaraNI te ha re, kuMkumavaraNI re dehaDI, agana parajAlI teha re. je na2 gaMjI re bolatA, vAvaratA mukhamAM pAna re, te nara ana re poDhiA kAyA kAjalavAna re. caMpakavaraNI re dehaDI, kadalIkomala jAMgha re, te nara sUtA re kASThamAM, paDe bhaDobhaDI DAMga re. deviDaMbaNa nara sUNI, ma karisa tRSNA tuM lAkha re, jesaMga sarikho re rAjao, bAlI karyo tihAM rAkha re. 151 jIvananI AvI kSaNabhaMguratAne ja anulakSIne kavi dharmavicAra ane rAgatyAgano bodha vAraMvAra Ape che hRdayane tarata sparzI jAya tevo eka suMdara bodhaka prasaMga kavie 'bharatezvara bAhubalI' rAsa'mAM nirUpyo che. bharata potAnA 98 bhAIone bolAvavA dUto mokale che. e 98 bhAIo bhegA thaIne jinane pUche che, 'rAjya lie bharatezvaru, namie ke vaDhiye tAta?' rAjya mATe bharata sAthe yuddha karIe ke samAdhAna ? tyAre RSabha saMkSepamAM, paNa cittavedhI javAba Ape che : RSabha kahe vaDhiye sahI re, mohakaSAyanI sAtha, rAga dveSa a2i jitiye re, nami dharma saMgAtha. ApaNe joI zakIe chIe ke AvI bodhaka paMkti paNa kAvyatvathI rasAIne Ave che ane cittane sparzI jAya che. temanAM gItonA nAnA padabaMdha ane laya manohArI che. temanA rAsAomAM vAraMvAra AvAtaM gIto RSabhadAsanI gItakavi tarIkenI pratibhAno paNa paricaya karAvI Ape che. temanI dezIomAM paNa rAga ane layanI dRSTie ghaNuM vaividhya jovA maLe che. vidhavidha rAganAM pado paranuM prabhutva, sacoTa ane samucita upamA, dRSTAnta ke rUpakAdi alaMkArothI sadhAtI citrAtmakatA, Urmirasita ciMtana ane layabharI bAnI RSabhadAsane saphaLa kavi tarIkenuM sthAna apAve che. 2010_03

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152 vartamAna pariprekSyamAM AcAryazrI tulasIprerita aNuvrata AMdolananI upAdayatA aNuvratanA anuzAstA AcArya zrI tulasI jainadarzananA mahAna agraNI hovAnI sAthe, vAstavika dRSTie to eka binasAMpradAyika vizuddha mAnavadharmanA himAyatI hatA. vartamAnanA saMdarbhane anulakSIne ane bhUtakALanI saMskRtinAM mUlyone jALavIne ujjavala bhaviSyanA sarjana mATe prajJApUrNa pratibhA ane taTastha dRSTikoNathI aNuvrata, prekSAdhyAna ane jIvanavijJAnano prAyogika triveNI saMgama temaNe racI Apyo che, dharma ane vijJAnano samanvaya sAdhIne mAnava utkarSa mATenI temanI mathAmaNe dhArmika kSetre ja nahi, sAmAjika Arthika, rAjanaitika-vagere kSetromAM paNa navIna mUlyonI sthApanA karI che. e rIte vyakti ane samaSTino utkarSa karavAno mArga temaNe darzAvyo che. vividhA jainadarzananI sAthe bhAratIya darzano, gItA, bhAgavata, upaniSada, veda, tripiTaka, dhammapada, bAibala, graMthasAheba, kurAna vagereno talasparzI abhyAsa karyo hato. dharmanA AcAranuM niSThApUrvaka pAlana karatA, paNa rUDhigrasta AcAravicAranI maryAdA samajatA. zramaNasaMghanA bhinna bhinna samudAyo vacce pravartatI vADAbaMdhIthI teo sadA alipta rahyA hatA. bhAratIya saMskRtinA prANatatva samAna dhArmika sahiSNutA ane udAratAne mAnava ekatAnI sthApanA mATenuM mahattvanuM paribaLa mAnatA hatA. aNuvrata, AMdolana, prekSAdhyAna ane jIvavijJAna jevA mAnava upayogI abhiyAna dvArA deza ane duniyAnA janasamudAyane zAMti ane sahaastitvanI bhAvanAno saMdeza Apyo che. AcArya zrI tulasI jAgRta dharmAcArya hovAnI sAthe temaNe vyakti ane samaSTinA utkarSa mATe aNuvrata AMdolana dvArA moTA parivartananI prakriyA zarU karI hatI. vyakti ane samUhanA parivartana dvArA vartamAna samAjamAM navI zAMtipUrNa cetanA pragaTAvavA temaNe jIvanavijJAna ane prekSAdhyAnanI paddhatinAM kAryakramonuM saphaLatApUrvaka Ayojana karyuM. mAnavIya mUlyonA sthApanAnAM saMdarbhamAM bAlavikAsa, mahilA-utkarSa ane grAmodvAra jevA aneka vikAsalakSI kAryo mATe suddaDha bhUmikA taiyAra karI ApI che. aNuvratano zAbdika artha che, aNu eTale jemAM bahu moTA vidhividhAno ke ati kaThina tapazcaryA nathI - tevAM sAmAnya vrato, teno tAtparyArtha che mAnavadharma, binasAMpradAyikatA, mAnavIya mUlyono svIkAra, ane svaccha jIvana mATenI nyUnatama AcArasaMhitAnuM pAlana. AcArya tulasIjIe yogya ja kahyuM che ke jo aNuvrata jevo koI upakrama ApaNI samakSa nahi hoya to pAralaukika hita ke mokSa to durlabha ja raheze, paraMtu vartamAna jIvana paNa jaTila ane saMgharSabharyuM banI jaze. AcArya zrI tulasInuM aNuvrata AMdolana vartamAna samayanI eka anivAryatA che. pratyeka vyaktimAM anuzAsana, sahiSNutA, imAnadArI ane rASTradAyitvanI bhAvanAnA pUrNavikAsanI tathA vyaktitvanA utkarSa dvArA samA athavA rASTrane pragatizIla banAvavAnI 2010_03

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aNuvrata AMdolananI upAdayatA 153 preraNA A aNuvrata AMdolana dvArA meLavI zakAya che. aNuvrata AMdolana mukhyatve binasAMpradAyika AMdolana che. naitika mUlyonI punarthApanA teno mukhya uddeza che. rAga-dveSa, lobha ane vaimanasyanI nAgacUDamAMthI mukta thayA vagara manuSya jIvananI zAMti ane saMvAditAne prApta karI zake tema nathI. te mATe sAthI vadhu AvazyakatA manane anuzAsita karavAnI che. aNuzastronA A yugamAM mAnasika saMtulana khUba ja apekSita che. tenA abhAvamAM vyaktinuM jIvana muzkela banI jAya che, ane samAja mATe paNa aniSTarUpa bane che. AcArya tulasI jaNAve che ke aneka loko pUche che ke zAMti kevI rIte maLe? mana sthira kevI rIte thAya ? A prazna amuka ja vyaktiono nathI. te vyApaka prazna che. tethI tenuM samAdhAna paNa vyApaka stare thAya te jarUrI che. te mATe ja prekSAdhyAna ane jIvanavijJAna sUcita nIti niyamonuM pAlana Avazyaka bane che. AcArya zrI tulasInA matAnusAra prAcIna bhASAmAM je yoga che tenI eka rekhA AjanI bhASAmAM manovijJAna che. mAnasika vikAsa baMnemAM apekSita che. manane kendrita karyA vagara teno vikAsa thaI zakato nathI. yogazAstra mAnasika vikAsane atIndriya jJAnanI bhUmikA sudhI laI jAya che. dhyAna ane yogasAdhanAnuM lakSya kevaLa sAruM svAcya, dhyAna-yoganI sAdhanAnI sahaja upalabdhi che. cetanAnI jAgRtinI dizAmAM prekSAdhyAnanI, paddhati sarvAdhika upayogI siddha tI rahI che. vartamAna bhautika jIvana paddhatinI sauthI moTI muzkelI AcAra vicAranuM asaMtulana che. prekSAdhyAnanA sImita prayogathI A saMtulana sahaja rIte sAdhI zakAya che. Ajano yuga samasyAo ane taNAvano yuga che. AbAlavRddha sau taNAvathI grasta che. AjanA yuganI sauthI moTI bimArI che. "Tenzana'. A taNAvamAMthI udbhavatA blaDaprezara, DAyAbITIsa jevA aneka rogomAMthI prekSAdhyAnanI paddhati ApaNane ugAre che. tethI ja manane anuzAsita karavAnuM saune mATe Avazyaka che. sahaja anuzAsita mana ja AdhyAtmika zaktione paNa jAgRta kare che. aNuvrata zabda jaina paraMparAmAMthI levAmAM Avyo che. vrata e saMyamita jIvana mATenI sAdhanA che. mahAvrata saMyamanI uccatama sthiti che. aNuvratamAM tenuM AMzika pAlana thAya che. pUrNa saMyamamAM rahevuM te kaThina sAdhanA che. to saMyamarahitatA ahita karanArI che. baMneno madhyama mArga che - aNuvrata. A pAMca aNuvrata che - ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya ane aparigraha. aNuvratanA niyamonuM pAlana karanA saMgaThana vyaktisamUha-aNuvratI-saMghI tarIke oLakhAya che. A aNuvrata AMdolanano prajAe svIkAra karyo. tenuM kAryakSetra paNa vyApaka che. daheja-virodhI abhiyAna, vyApArI saptAha, madyavirodhI ane rUDhivirodhI kAryakrama, mahilAono utkarSa, vikalAMgone sahAya, garIba vidyArthIone pAThyapustako vagere sAmagrI ApavI. aNuvratI vidyArthI pariSadanI sthApanA-ema aneka udezonI siddhi mATe A aNuvrata AMdolananA kAryakartAo sakriya che. aneka pradezomAM aNuvratasamitionI paNa sthApanA karavAmAM AvI che. AjathI lagabhaga aDhI hajAra varSa pUrve gautama buddha 2010_03

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154 carata bhikkhave cArikAM bahujana hitAya, bahujana sukhAya bahujananA hita mATe bahujananA kalyANa mATe dharmanA pracAra artha vihAra ka2vAno Adeza Apyo hato. bhikSuoe pUchyuM : 'bhadatta ame zo upadeza ApIe ?' gautama buddhe jaNAvyuM : pANI na haMtavvo, adinne na dAtavvaM, kAmesu mucchAna caritavvA, mUsA ma bhAzitavvA, majjaM na pAtavvaM / prANIonI hiMsA na karo, corI na karo, kAmAsakta na bano, asatya na bolo ane maghasevana na karo'. mahAvIra svAmIe paNa avo ja dharma prabodhyo hato. vividhA A paMcazIlanA saMdezane AcArya zrI tulasIe, vartamAna paristhitinA saMdarbhamAM pAMca aNuvratanA svarUpamAM janatA samakSa rajU karyo che. bhraSTAcAra, garIbI, hiMsA, AtaMkavAda, kAmuktA, zoSaNa ane ati saMgrahanuM dukra Aje jyAre vegathI ghumI rahyuM che tyAre mukhyatve cAritrya nirmANa ane naitika utthAnane lakSyamAM rAkhIne AcAryazrIe aNuvrata AMdolanano AraMbha karyo che. dharma ane samAjanI sudhAraNA mATenuM A mahAna krAntikArI AMdolana che. A AMdolana dvArA vartamAna samAjanI keTalIka mahattvanI samasyAono ukela lAvavAno teno uddeza che. Aje jAtivAda ane raMgabhedane kAraNe manuSya manuSya pratye tiraskAranI bhAvanA seve che. dharmanI apekSAe sAMpradAyikatAnuM baLa vadhI rahyuM che. lakSyahIna hiMsAnA bibhatsa svarUpa samAna AtaMkavAdanuM jora samagra vizvamAM prasarI rahyuM che. tene mATe vyavasthita rIte tAlIma apAI rahI che. manuSya potAnA sukha, suvidhA ane aizvarya mATe prakRtinAM sAdhanono durupayoga karI rahyo che ane paryAvaraNano nAza thaI rahyo che. A eka anarthadaNDa (anAvazyaka) hiMsAnI pravRtti che. atibhoga ane parigraha - saMgrahanI vRtti paNa samasyA UbhI karanArI che. atisaMgraha mATenuM anaitika ane apramANika AcaraNa paNa samAjajIvanane duSita kare che, ane samAjamAM sAdhana-sAmagrInI vaheMcaNImAM asaMtulana UbhuM thatAM varNavigraha sarjAya che. mAdaka ane nazIlA padArthonA sevananI vyApaka badIe manuSyanA smRti ane vivekane bhraSTa karyo che. A samasyAoe, rAhu jema caMdranuM grahaNa kare che. tema sAmAjika cetanAnuM grahaNa karI lIdhuM che. rAjakIya kAyado ane zikSA-daNDanItithI tenuM samAdhAna thaI zake. paNa aparAdhIne sajA pharamAvavAnI A zikSApaddhati saramukhatyArazAhIne janma Ape che. ane tenAthI samAjanuM kalyANa sAdhI zakAtuM nathI. temAM aparAdhIne sajA dvArA ApavAmAM AvatI pIDA ane nuzaMsa niyaMtraNanI sImA atikrAnta thaI jAya che. tethI tenuM samAdhAna hRdaya parivartana arthAt ahiMsaka rItimAM ja zodhI zakAya. samAjanI AsthA ane saMkalpazaktine jAgRta karavAthI A prakAranI samasyAone kramazaH ukelI zakAya che. A AsthA ane saMkalpazaktine jAgRta karavA mATeno aNuvrata eka prayoga che. 2010_03

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aNuvrata AMdolananI upAdayatA 155 uparokta samasyAonA saMdarbhamAM aNuvrata-varSa nimitte keTalAka saMkalpo prastuta karavAmAM AvyA che. jAti ke raMgabhedane AdhAre uccanIcanA bhedabhAva nahi rAkhIne vizvabaMdhutvanI bhAvanA keLavavA; koInI dhArmika svataMtratAmAM bAdhaka na banavA ane dhArmika sahiSNutA rAkhavA; niraparAdha prANInI ke anAvazyaka hiMsA na karavA; pRthvI, pANI, vanaspati vagereno anAvazyaka - amaryAditapaNe upayoga nahi karIne saMyamita jIvana jIvavA mATe; maryAdita pramANamAM upabhogya vastuo vAparavA, aparigrahanAM pAlana mATe ane vyasanathI mukta rahevA mATenAM saMkalpo ane tenuM AcaraNa vyakti ane samAjajIvananA utkarSa mATe avazya upayogI banI zake tema che. A upakrama dvArA svastha samAja saMracanA athavA ahiMsaka samAja-racanA saMbhavita banI zake tema che. atyAranA arthapradhAna dRSTikoNane badalavA mATe arthane jIvananuM sAdhya nahi paNa jIvanayApananuM sAdhana mAnavAno spaSTa anurodha karyo che. darzananI pRSThabhUmino AdhAra laIne ja artha ane kAmanI prAptine temaNe AvakArI che. aNuvrata AMdolana dvArA janamAnasabhAmAM tapa-tyAga ane saMyamanI bhAvanAno prakAza pragaTAvIne samAja tathA rASTrano utkarSa sAdhavAno unnata prayAsa aNuvrata AMdolana dvArA thaI rahyo che. aNuvrata AMdolana dvArA pratipAdita siddhAMto ane nItiniyamo-vicAra ane vyavahAranI bhUmikAe samAjajIvanamAM vibhinna kSetromAM AmUla parivartana sAdhIne nUtana samAjanI saMracanA karavAnuM sAmarthya avazya dharAve che. aNuvrataprerita jIvanazailImAM jIvananI aneka samasyAonuM nirAkaraNa maLI zake tema che. A jIvanazailIthI eka svastha, Arogyaprada, AnaMdamaya, nivRtti-pravRttiparaka jIvananuM ghara ane unnata cAritryanuM nirmANa thaI zake che. A arthamAM aNuvrata jIvanano prakAzapuMja che. ahiMsA, satya Adi aNuvratonuM pAlana manuSyane vera-jhera, zoka-bhaya, rAgadveSa Adi kaSAyothI mukta karIne svastha ane zAMtiprada manovRttio Ape che. A aNuvratonI pRSThabhUmi che abhaya ane enuM surakSA kavaca che sahiSNutA. aparigrahanI vRtti mananI ane indriyonI caMcaLatAne niyaMtraNamAM rAkhe che. indriyazuddhi ane manaHzuddhithI vyaktinuM jIvana anuzAsita ane zuddha banatA samAjajIvana paNa susaMvAdI ane vyavasthita bane che. AjanI arAjaka, visaMvAdI ane viSama paristhitimAM saMtulana sAdhavA mATe aNuvrata avazya mArgadarzaka banI zake tema che. aNuvrata kevaLa AdhyAtmika ke dhArmika vyavasthAno ja paryAya nathI. rAjakIya, Arthika, zaikSaNika vagere kSetromAM paNa tenuM pradAna mahattvanuM che. AjanI bhraSTAcArayukta rAjanIti ane tene kAraNe thatAM prajAnA zoSaNa sAme paNa aNuvrata AMdolane jehAda jagAvI che. zikSaNakSetre keTalAMka mahattvanAM parivartana karIne eka AgavI zikSaNapaddhati paNa vikasAvI che. vidyArthIone aNuvratanuM mahattva samajAvIne saMyama ane sahiSNutAnA mArge AgaLa vadhavA te preraNA Ape che. jAti ane saMpradAyanI dIvAlone bhedavA ane vizvabaMdhutvanI bhAvanAne caritArtha karavA te satata prayatnazIla che. gAMdhIjInI TrasTIzIpanI bhAvanAnA saMdarbhamAM joIe to AcArya tulasIe paNa mAnavamUlyono hrAsa thato aTakAvavA sAmAjika krAntino ja AraMbha karyo che. 2010_03

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156 vividhA jJAtAdharmakathA : samIkSAtmaka adhyayana manuSyanI cetanA pArthiva sukho ane Urdhva sthiti prApta karavAnI svAbhAvika pravRttithI sadA anuprerita rahI che. mahAvIra svAmIe e cetanAne jAgRta karIne, jIvananAM samagra duHkhonA kAraNarUpa sAMsArika tRSNAnuM upazamana karanAra ane samyakatvanI sAdhanA dvArA mokSamArge preranAra sAcA dharmadarzananI prApti mATe sarva prakAranAM uttama bhautika sukhasaMpatti Adino tyAga karIne kaThora tapa-sAdhanA karI, tene pariNAme upalabdha jJAna-darzanathI janasAmAnyanuM jIvana paNa duHkharahita bane e khyAlathI emaNe ziSTa saMskRtabhASAne badale prAkRtabhASAmAM dharmabodha ApavAnuM vicAryuM. sAmAnya manuSyone anulakSIne emaNe AcAravicAra viSayaka dharmane durbodha paribhASAo ane padAvalivALI bhASAne badale sadaSTAMta arthAt kathAdvArA loko samakSa rajU karavAnuM zreyaskara mAnyuM tethI ja tIrthaka vANInuM saMkalana jemAM thayuM che te jaina AgamonuM kathAsAhitya atyaMta samRddha che. jJAtAdharmakathA, upAsakadazA, antakRdazA, anuttaropa-pAdikadaza ane vipakazrutamAM to kathAonA mAdhyamathI je zrutajJAnanI vAta karI che. yathArthamAM jena vAMgamayano mULa strota anAdikALathI pravAhita tIrthakaravANI che. jenA AdhAre bhinna bhinna samaye anuyoga sUtronI racanA karI jo ke zAstrIya paribhASAmAM zruta zabdanA aneka artha hovA chatAM A zabda zrutajJAna athavA AgamajJAnanA arthamAM rUDha che. je prakAre vaidika paraMparAmAM cAra veda prasiddha che. tevI rIte jaina paraMparAmAM vAra anuyoga prasiddha che. cAre anuyogano samAveza dvAdazAMgamAM thAya che. cAra anuyogaH caraNakaraNAnuyoga, dharmakathAnuyoga, gaNitAnuyoga ane dravyAnuyogamAMthI dharmakathAyogane anulakSIne jJAtAdharmakathAMgasUtranI prarUpaNA thaI che. jaina vADumayamAM darzananI gUDha vAto samajAvavA mATe ane nItimaya jIvananI preraNA mATe AkhyAna ke kathAzailIno upayoga karavAmAM Avyo che. kathAtattvano vikAsa ahIMthI ja zarU thaI gayo che. jJAtAdharmakathAnA nAma vize aneka matamatAMtaro che. prAkRta nAyAdhammakahA NAyAdhammakatAnuM saMskRtamAM jJAtAdharvathA rUpAMtara thAya che. acelaka paraMparAmAM prAkRtamAM nAhassadhammakahA / nAhadhammakatA ane saMskRtamAM jJArtadharmakathA athavA jJAtRkathA paNa kahevAya che. jJAtAdharmakathAno artha che - jemAM jJAna athavA udAharaNa mukhya hoya tevI dharmakathAo jJAtRdharmakathAno artha che - jemAM jJAtR athavA jJAtA athavA jJAtRvaMzanA bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA kahevAyelI dharmakathAono graMtha. A ja artha jJAtukathAno paNa che. nAhasa dhammakahA athavA nAhadhammakahA paNa nAyadhammakatAnuM ja eka rUpa hoI zake. uccAraprakriyA ke lipibhedane kAraNe "nAya' zabda "nAha' rUpamAM pariNata thayo hovAnI saMbhAvanA gaNI zakAya. bhagavAna mahAvIranA vaMzanuM nAma nAya>nAta>jJAta>jJAta che. jJAta vaMzamAM utpanna thayelA 2010_03

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jJAtAdharmakathA : samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 157 bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA pratipAdita dharmakathAo evo artha pratipAdita thaI zake che. kathA zabda katha eTale ke kahevuM dhAtumAMthI Avyo che. janasAmAnyanI vAtacIta loko dvArA kahevAtI vAto ke kathAo jayAM enI vastusAmagrI ke ghaTanAprasaMga vizeSa jijJAsApreraka ane rasasaMtarpaka banyA tyAre te sAtvika arthamAM kathAsvarUpa pAmyAM. AlokakathAonuM-sAdhAraNa nAnI kathArUpe jemake-AgamomAM AvatI dRSTAntarUpa kathAo, kathAkoSa upadezamAlAmAM AvatI kathAo jevI hoI zake che - tevI ja rIte taraMgalIlA, kuvalayamAlA ke lIlAvatIkathA jevI vistRta ane kyAreka prabaMdharUpe paNa hoya che. A dRSTie jJAtAdharmanI kathAo prabaMdharUpa nahi paNa daSTAntakathAo che. udAharaNa ke dRSTAnta sahita prarUpita dharmabodha athavA jJArnavaMzanA mahAvIra dvArA kahevAmAM AvelI dharmakathAo evo artha pratipAdita karI zakAya. syanApaddhati: jaina vAmanA mULane zruta kahevAmAM Ave che. zrutano artha che. sAMbhaLeluM hajAro varSAthI jJAnanI, cittananI dhArA guru-paraMparAthI maukhikarUpe ja pravAhita rahI che. jJAtAdharmakathAnuM saMkalana paNa A pramANe zrutaparaMparAne AdhAre ja thayeluM che. keTalAka prakSepa-nikSepane bAda karatA tenuM kartatva mukhyatve mahAvIra svAmInuM ja gaNAya. jJAtAdharmakathAmAM prabodhita dharmakathAonuM prarupaNa mahAvIra svAmInA samaya daramyAna ja thayuM - eTale ke lagabhaga I.sa.pU. pAMcamI sadImAM paNa i.sa.nI pAMcamI sadImAM valabhImAM devardhigaNikSaNAzramaNanI adhyakSatAmAM thayelI pariSadamAM tenI aMtima vAcanA taiyAra thaI. tIrthakaranI vANInI viziSTa mudrAthI aMkita thayelA prastuta graMthanuM racanAvidhAna ekaMdare saraLa ane suspaSTa che. tenI racanA mukhyatve gadyamAM che. teNaM kAreNa teNaM rAmayaNaM caMpA nAma nayarI hotthA...' e vAkyathI prathama adhyayano AraMbha thAya che. tyArabAda sudharmo svAmInA jIvana vizenI mAhitI tathA jabUsvAmI sAthenA praznottaranuM nirUpaNa che. jabusvAmInA praznanA pratyuttara svarUpe sudharmAsvAmI jJAtAdharmakathAnuM samagra svarUpa prathama adhyayanamAM ja spaSTa kare che. temAM jaNAvyA pramANe jJAtAdharmakathAnA mukhya be zrutaskaMdha che jJatA ane dharmakathA. temAM prathama zrutaskaMdhamAM A pramANe 19 adhyayana che : (1) uklipta jJAta (11) dAvadrava (2) saMghATaka (12) udaka (3) aMDaka (13) maMDUka (4) kUrma (14) teTalI (5) zailaka (15) naMdIphala (6) tUba (16) amarakaMkA (7) rohiNI (17) azvajJAna 2010_03

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158 vividhA (8) mallI (18) susumAjJAta (9) mAkaMdI (19) puMDarIka jJAta (10) caMdramA 19 adhyanonI samApti pachI jaMbusvAmInA praznanA uttaramAM sudharmAsvAmI bIjA zrutaskaMdhano paricaya Ape che. temAM dasa varga che. temAM camara, bali, caMdra, surya, zakendra, izAnendra vagerenI paTarANIonA pUrvabhavanI kathAo che. bIjA zrutaskaMdhanA prathama cAra varganA pAMca adhyayano, pAMcamA varganA ane chaThThA varganA 32 adhyayano, sAtamA ane AThamA varganA cAra adhyayano, ane navamA tathA dasamA varganI ATha adhyayano che. prathama zrutaskaMdhanA 19 adhyayanonAM nAma pachI prathama adhyayananA mukhya kathAbhAganAM AraMbha thAya che. uslipta, zailaMka, mallI, tetali vagere adhyayanomAM sAmAnya rIta kathAnI bhUmikA, AraMbha, nAyaka ke nAyikAnA pUrvabhavonuM varNana - te sAthe sUcita sthaLo, prasaMgo ke ghaTanAonuM Alekhana ane aMtamAM temaNe prApta karelA mokSa vize kahevAmAM AvyuM che. saMghATaka, aMDaka, rohiNI vageremAM kathAtattvanuM pradhAnya che. tatkAlIna sAmAjika pariveza sAthe temAM jinadharmanuM prarUpaNa che. to kUrmaka, tuMba, maMDUka vagerene rUpakakathAo kahI zakAya. eka samagra-akhaMDa rUpaka dvArA temAM dharmabodha karavAmAM Avyo che. jJAtAdharmakathAnAM anya adhyayanono prAraMbha mukhyatve jabusvAmInA praznathI thAya che. jai NaM bhaMte ! samaNeNaM bhagavayA mahAvIreNa paDhamassaTa nAvajjhayaNasta avapannate. maDhe pannate biDayassa NaM bhaMte nAyajjhayaNassa ke aTTe pannate? zrI jakhkhasvAmI zrI sudharmA svAmIne prazna kare che bhagavAna ! jo zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIre prathama jJAtAdhyananano A artha kahyA che to he bhagavana ! bIjA adhyayanano zuM artha kahyo che!' jaMbusvAmInA praznanA javAbamAM te kALe te samaye rAjagRha nAmanI nagarI hatI. e pramANe varNanano AraMbha karIne sudharmA svAmI kathAnakanI bhUmikA taiyAra kare che. pAchalA trIjA, cothA, pAMcamA vagere adhyayanono AraMbha paNa A rIte ja thAya che. ane dareka adhyayananA aMtamAM sudharmAsvAmI A pramANe kahe che. evaM khalu jaMyU ! samaNeNaM jAva doccassa nAvajjhayaNassa ayamaDhe paNNatte tti Thomi / A pramANe jabU! zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIre bIjA jJAtAdhyayanano A artha kahyo che. 2010_03

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jJAtAdharmakathA : samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 159 sudharmA svAmInA uparokta vAkyathI kathAnI samApti thAya che. kathAonA AraMbha ane aMtanI paddhati lagabhaga samAne. tripiTakanA pAlisUtro paNa A "parva mane sUta'. zabdothI eka sarakhI rIte zaru thAya che. ane aMtamAM gautama buddhanAM vacanonuM abhinaMdana - abhivAdana karIne bhikSu ke upAsaka temanI pAsethI vidAya le che - evuM varNana maLe che. ahIM kathAonI aMdara avAMtarakathAo ane mukhyatve eka sAthe vyaktinAM traNa ke cAra pUrvabhavanta kathAonuM Alekhana jovA maLe che. kutiracanAnuM mukhya dhyeya - A RtagraMtha che tyAM svAbhAvika rIte ja vItarAganA pratibodhanuM pratipAdana karavAnuM tenuM dhyeya che. paNa saraLa, rocaka, pravAhI ane saMvAdAtmaka zailIne karaNe tAttvika siddhAMtanuM subodha ane sahaja grAhya nirUpaNa thayu che. vyakti ke vastunA vistRta varNanamAM lAMbI samAsAntaka padAvali jovA maLe che. anyathA TUMkA vAkyo ane karyopakathananI rIti nirUpita viSayane manogrAhya banAve che. zukra parivrAjaka ane cAvAputra anagAranA dravya kSetra, kALa, bhAva, ratnatraya, saMyama, dhyAna vagere vizenI tAtvika carcA ke saMvAda zailInI daSTie noMdhapAtra che. keTalAka sacoTa, citrAtmaka ane AlaMkArika varNano paNa ahIM upalabdha che. nagarI, rAjA, prabhAta, Rtuo vagerenAM varNano nAthapUrvavata zabdathI ja sUcavAyAM che. to kyAreka temAM vigatapracura Alekhano paNa jovA maLe che. prathama adhyayananuM prabhAtanuM varNana manohara che : tadanantara (svapnavALI rAtri pachI bIjA divase) rAtri prakAzamAna prabhAta rUpa thaI praphullita kamaLonA patro vikasita thayA. kALA mRganA netro nidrArahita hovAthI vikasvara thayA. pachI te prabhAta pADura-zveta varNavAnuM thayuM. lAla azokanI krAMti, palAzanA puSpapopaTanI cAMca, caNoThIno rAto, ardho bhAga, baMdhujIvaka (bapArIyA)nuM puSpa kapAtanA paga ane AMkha, kokilAnAM netra, jAsudanA puSpa, jAjavalyamAna agni, suvarNa kaLaza, tathA hiMgaLokanA samUhanI lalimAthI paNa adhika lalimAthI jenI zrI adhika zobhAyamAna che. evo sUrya kramathI udita thayo. sUryanAM kiraNono samUha nIce utarIne aMdhakArano vinAza karavA lAgyAM. bALa-sUrya rUpI kukamathI mAno jIva loka vyApta thaI gayo. netronA viSayano pracAra thavAthI vikasita thanAra lokaspaSTa rUpathI dekhAvA lAgyo. sarovaromAM sthita kamaLanA vanane vikasita karanAra tathA hajAra kiraNothaLo divasane karanAra sUryateja vaDe jAjavalyamAna thayo. te samaye rAjA zreNika zayAmAMthI UbhA thayA. akALe meghanA dohAnI pUrti mATe kalpanA karatI dhAriNI devInA saMdarbhamAM varSARtunA ramaNIya citro paNa AlekhAyA che. mahada aMze pratyeka pAtra, prasaMga, ghaTanA, sAmAnya jaNAtI kriyAo-vagerenuM ati sUkSma rIte, coksAIpUrvakanuM, vistRta ane samagralakSI varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che. pAriNIdeva ke bhadrAbhAminInuM sauMdarya, dhAriNIdevIno zayanakhaMDa, vyAyAma zAkhAmAMthI bahAra nIkaLIne vastra-alaMkAra dhAraNa karatA rAjA zreNika, kArAgAra, mAlukAjagaccha Rtuo, 2010_03

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160 vividhA vana-jaMgala-araNya athavA to kUrma adhyayanamAM baMne ziyALa kAcabAne je rIte pakaDIne upara nIce pherave che ke aMDaka adhyayanamAM sAgaradattano putra saMzayagrasta thaIne mayUrInA IMDAne vAraMvAra tapAse che - te kriyA-pratikriyAonuM paNa evuM tAdaza varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che ke ApaNI sAme eka gatizIla citra aMkita thaI jAya che. tevI rIte bIjA adhyAyananuM kArAgAranuM ane vijayacAranuM tathA navamA adhyayananI ratnadvIpanI devInI ane mallI adhyayanamAM tAlapizAcanI bhISaNatAnAM varNano paNa noMdhapAtra che. vijayacoranuM varNana A rIte karavAmAM AvyuM che : te rAjagRha nagaramAM vijaya nAmano eka cora hato. te pApakarma karanAra, caMDAla jevA rUpavALAM atyaMta bhayacAnaka ane krUra karma karanAra tAM. kUddha thayele puru, samAna dedIpyamAna ane lAla netravALo hato. temanI dADhI atyaMta kaThora, moTI, vikRta, ane bIbhatsa hatI. tenA hoTha ApasamAM maLatA na hatA. arthAt dAMta moTA ane bahAra nIkaLelA hatA ane hoTha nAnA hatA. tenA mAthAnA vALa havAmAM uDatA hatA. vikharAyelA ane lAbA hatA bhramara athavA rAhu samAna kALA hatA. te dayA ane prazcAtApathI rahita hato. dArUNa hato chUsa, agni, jaLapravAha, gIdhanI mAMsalolupatA vagereno daSTAnto dvArA tenI krUra manodazAnuM yathAtatha nirUpaNa karyuM che. tenA svarUpanI bhayaMkaratAnA Alekhana pachI chUrA, agni, jaLapravAha, gIdhanI mAMsalolupatA vagerenA dRSTAMto dvArA tenI kura manodazAnuM yathAtatha nirUpaNa karavAmAM AvyuM che, A adhyanonI racanApaddhati, teno AraMbha-aMta, keTalAMka paraMparAo ane prasaMgonuM punarAvartana dharmaviSayaka saMvAdonuM viziSTa Ayojana vagere tenI AgavI lAkSaNikatAo che. jinadarzanane sugrAhya banAvavA mATe temAM yojAyelI asaMkhya upamAo, daSTAnno, gAthAo tathA bhAva-bhASA ane zailIno racAyelo susaMvAdI samanvaya noMdhapAtra che. A sAhitya maukhika guruparaMparA ke zrutaparaMparAthI sarjAyuM hovAnuM kAraNe temAM AraMbha ane aMtanI samAnatAo, varNanonuM sAmya ane aneka punarAvartano jovA maLe che ema kahI zakAya ke tene kAraNe tenA pATha yAda rAkhavAmAM saraLatA rahetI haze. tripiTakamAM paNa AvAM punarAvartano jovA maLe che. dArzanika tattvanuM nirUpaNa : mahAvIra svAmInA vyApaka, gahana ciMtanathI prerita, kaThora tapazcaryA ane sAdhanAthI prApta jJAnadarzana tatkAlIna pracalita dhArmika dhAraNAomAM krAntikArI parivartana, sAmAjika saMracanAnA punanirmANa ane navA jIvanamUlyonI pratiSThA mATe jAgRta jIvanadRSTi ApanAruM hatuM. temanA samayamAM pracalita sAmAjika, sAMskRtika, dhArmika ane rAjakIya paristhitithI prerita pratikriyArUpe mahAvIrasvAmI ane gautamabuddha dharmanA kSetramAM ja nahi paNa samagra jIvanavyApI UrdhvagAmI dRSTi ApI. paraMparita mUlyone tenA mULa 2010_03

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jJAtAdharmakathA : samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 161 vizuddha svarUpamAM, aMdhazraddhAne kAraNe dhanalAlapa kriyAkAMDI dharmAcAryo dvArA geramArge dorAvAtI. prajA samakSa rajU karyo. vaidika yakSayAga, svargakAmanA, bhautika sukhopabhoga mATenI Asakti tathA vividha zramaNa saMpradAyonI karmaphaLa ane punarjanma sabaMdhI paraspara virodhI dhAraNAonuM vizleSaNa karIne tenI vyarthatAne teo samajI zakyA hatA. jagatamAM prANImAtranuM jIvana duHkhathI paritapta hovAnuM jANIne, kaThora tapazcaryA dvArA prApta karelA jJAnanA paripAkarUpe dharmaviSayaka AcAra-vicAranA mUlyonuM temaNe vizeSa rIte punaHsthApana karyuM ke je ahiMsA, satya, asatya, brahmacarya ane aparigrahanI bhUmikA para AdhArita hatA. tenA pratibhAva svarUpe ApaNe jJAtAdharmakathAmAM joIe chIe te anusAra rAjavI kuTuMba, zreSThI, kuTuMba ane sAmAnya prajAjano paNa utsAhapUrvaka jainadharmamAM pravajyA levA prerAyA. jJAtAdharmakathAmAM kathAnuM tattva savizeSa hovA chatAM jainadharmanA siddhAMtonuM temAM pratyakSa ane parokSarUpe nirUpaNa thayeluM che. meghakumAra ane vAvaNyAkumAra pravajaya levA mATe prasthAna kare che tyAre niraMtara stuti, abhinaMdana ane jaya jaya zabdono uccAra karatA mAMgaliko jainadharmanA mULabhUta tattvaciMtana ane nirdiSTa lakSyane pragaTa kare che... "he nanda, jaya ho, jaya ho...' je jagatane AnaMda ApanAra, tamAruM kalyANa thAo ! tame na jItela pAMca indriyone jIto ane jItela sAdhudharmanuM pAlana karo! he deva, viknone jItIne siddhimAM nivAsa karo. pairyapUrvaka kamara kasIne, tapanA dvArA rAgadveSarUpI mallono nAza karo . pramAdarahita thaIne uttama zukla dhyAna dvArA ATha karmarUpI zatruonuM mardana karo. ajJAna aMdhakArathI rahita sarvottama kevaLa jJAnane prApta karo. parISaharUpa senAne parAjita karIne, parISaha ane upasargathI nirbhaya banI zAzvata eve acala parama padaripa mokSane prApta karo. tamArI dharmasAdhanAmAM vizna na thAya." nirvighna dharmasAdhanA mATenA A zubha-maMgala kAmanA pragaTa karatA zabdoma ati saMkSepamAM paNa jaina dharmanA siddhAMtonuM samagra hArda samAyeluM che. pravajyA dhAraNa karavA mATeno hetu, temAM spaSTa rIte jaNAvyo che. meghakumAra bhagavAna mahAvIrane kahe che : bhagavana A saMsAra jarA ane maraNathI AdIpta che. A saMsAra AdIpta - pradIpta che. jema koI gAvApati gharamAM Aga lAgavA para te gharamAM alpa bhAravALI ane bahumUlya vastu hoya che. tene grahaNa karIne svayaM ekAMtamAM cAlyAM jAya che. te vicAre che ke agnimAM baLavAthI bacAvela A padArtho mAre mATe AgaLa-pAchaLanA hita mATe sukha mATe...kalyANa mATe upayogI thaze. tevI ja rIte mArI pAse AtmArUpI vastu che. te mane ISTa che, kAnta che, manojJa che. A AtmAne huM sAcI rIte pAmIza. pragaTa karIza eTale jarAmaraNarUpI agnithI bhasma thatA bacAvI laIza, to saMsAranAM uccheda karanAra thaze, tethI he..he devAnupriya, Ama svayaM...mane pravajita karo !" jasamaraNathI vyApta saMsArano ucchada, ane AtmajJAnanI prApti e sAdhudharmanuM 2010_03

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162 vividhA nirdiSTa lakSya che. pravajita meghakumArane AcAra gocara AdinI zikSA ApatA mahAvIra svAmI kahe che : "he devAnupriya, A pramANe pRthvI upara yuga mAtra dRSTi rAkhIne cAlavuM, nirjIva bhUmi upara UbhA rahevuM.. bhUminuM pramArjana karIne besavuM... , sAmayikanuM uccAraNa karI, zarIranuM pramArjana karI zayana karavuM...vedanA Adi kAraNothI nirdoSa AhAra karavo. hita, mita ane madhura bhASaNa karavuM. apramata ane sAvadhAna thaine prANa, bhUta, jIva ane satvanI rakSA karIne saMyamanuM pAlana karavuM, temAM lezamAtra paNa pramAda na rAkhavo. jJAtAdharmakathAmAM cAritryano mULa mahattva ApavAmAM AvyuM che. pravajita sAdhu sAdhvIo yama-niyamarUpa AcAradharmamAMthI calita thAya. temAM pramAda seve upasarga ane pariSadane kAraNe ke rAgadveSAdine kAraNe AtmAnA pariNAmane vicalita kare to te kevaLa duHkha ja prApta kare che. nigraMthapravacanamAM saMzayagrasta bananAranI sthiti aMDara adhyayanamAM mayurInA iMDAnA daSTAntanI darzAvI zakAya che. sAgaradatta sArthavAhano putra mayurInAM IMDAmAM zaMkAzIla banatA mayurabhAvakane tenA nirdiSTa dhyeyane pAmI zakatAM nathI. mAnandI adhyayanamAM ratnadvIpI devInA mohajanaka ane bhayapreraka zabdothI calAyamAna thatA jinarakSita mRtyu pAme che. ane jinapAlita calAyamAna na thatA lavaNasamudranI pAra nakkI karelA sthAne pahoMcI jAya che. temanA saMdarbhamAM ahIM rajU thayelI be gAthA jJAtAnA mukhya upadezanAM sArarUpa che : pAchaLa jonAra jinarakSita chetarAI gayo. ane pAchaLa nahi jonAra jinapAla nirvighna potAnA sthAna para pahocI gayo. tethI pravacanasAramAM Asakti rAkhavI joIe. cAritra grahaNa karIne paNa je bhogonI icchA kare che. te ghora saMsArasAgaramAM paDe che ane je bhoganI icchA nathI karato te saMsArasAgarane pAra karI jAya che. amarakaMkA adhyayanamAM sukumAlikA sAdhvIdharma aMgIkAra karyo pachI lalitAgoSThikanA pAMca puruSona subhumibhAga udhAnamAM devadattA gaNikAnI sAthe kAmabhoga bhogavatA nihALe che. te joIne "devadamAnta jema ja kAmabhogo bhogavuM'- evo saMkalpa tenA manamAM jAge che. pariNAme bhAgya sAmagrImAM AsaktivALI ane zithila cAritryavALI thaIne, potAnA anucita AcaraNa ane sakalponI AlocanA tathA pratikramaNa karyA vagara kALadharmane pAme che. pariNAme draupadI svarUpe janma dhAraNa karIne pAMca pAMca pAme che ane saMsAranI zRMkhalAmAM baMdhAya che. bIjA varganI kAlI vagere devIo paNa temanA pUrvajanmamAM cAritryathI bhraSTa thavAne kAraNe karmaphaLa bhogave ce. 13mA dadUra adhyayanamAM naMda maNiyAra naMdApuSkariNInI Asaktine kAraNe e pRSkariNImAM deDakA tarIke janme che. dasamA candra adhyananamAM caMdranA pratIkathI bhagavAna mahAvIre sAdhuo mATe pramAda rAhunta samAna hovAnuM sacoTa rIte samajAvyuM che. tene kAraNe caMdramAM kramazaH kSINa thato jAya che. tevI rIte sAdhu paNa kuzIlajanonA saMsargathI cAritrathI hIna banI jAya ce. paNa cAritranuM daDha rIte pAlana kare to pUrNacaMdranI jema prakAze che. megha, zIlaka, rAjA, saMghATa adhyayanano dhanya sArthavAha taMtaliputra, jinazatru 2010_03

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jJAtAdharmakathA : samIkSAtmaka adhyayana vagere rAjAo daDha rIte saMyama dharmanuM pAlana karatA mokSa pAme che. mallI adhyayanamAM mallI tIrthaMkara potAnA svarUpa jevI ja suvarNaputaLI banAvIne temAM pratidina eka kavala jeTaluM anna nAkhe che. ane mohAsakta thayelA jitazaMtri Adi rAjAone bahA2thI suMdara jaNAtI kAryAnI azuddhio, azuci ane malinatAno pratyakSa khyAla Ape che. udaka adhyayanamAM jitazatru rAjAno amAtya subuddhi kAdavavALA pANIne parizuddha karAvIne, pudgalonA pariNamanarUpa tathA vitatha vagere artho rAjAne samajAve che. 163 tuMbaka adhyayanamAM ATha karmaprakRtinA AvaraNathI buddha ane mukta jIvanI gatino yathAtatha pratibodha apAyo che. hUMbaka upara lAgelo mATIno lepa dhovAI jatA haLavuM banIne te tarIne pANInI upara AvI jAya che tema sAdhaka prANAtipAta vismaNa yAvata mithyAdarzanazalyavismaNathI kramazaH ATha karmaprakRtione khapAvIne AkAzatalanI tarapha jaine lokAgrabhAgamAM sthita thaI jAya che. vaikiya samuddhAtano ullekha paNa anekavAra Ave che. sattaramAM adhyayanamAM samudrI azvanAM dRSTAntamAM mAdhyamathI samajAvyuM che ke zabda, rUpa Adi viSayomAM mugdha mAnavI samudrI azvanI jema parAdhIna bane che ane viSayothI virakta banelA svAdhIna thaI AtmasukhanA adhikArI bane che. lokaraMjaka kathAonA mAdhyamathI satkarmamAM pravRtti ane asatkarmamAMthI nivRttino sadbodha ahIM apAyo che. kathAnAyako ane nAyikAono vartamAna bhava ane pUrvabhavonA varNana dvArA karmapariNita-karmaphaLanuM aparihArya mahattva darzAvAyuM che. jJAtAdharmakathAnuM nirdiSTa dhyeya mahAvIrasvAmI prarupita jJAnadarzananAM pratibodha ApavAnuM che. lokaraMjaka kathAonA mAdhyamathI satkarmamAM pravRtti ane arAtkarmomAMthI nivRtti-tenuM mukhya lakSya che. kathAnAyako ane nAyikAonA vartamAna bhaya ane pUrva bhavonA varNana dvArA karmapariNati-karmepaLanuM aparihArya mahattva darzAvyuM che. karmo ja jIvamAtranA bhUta, bhaviSya ane vartamAnAM nizcaya kare che. pUrvajanmakRta karmane kAraNe ja manuSya karmapariNata nirdhArita gati-yonine prApta kare che. meghakumAra pravajyA mATe mAtApitAnI anumati anivArya hatI. paNa jJAtAdharmakathA anusAra A anumati sahajapaNe maLatI hatI. prajA ane rAjAno dharmamAM anurAga hato. gRhatyAga karIne dIkSA lenAranuM sthAna gauravabharyuM hatuM. dIkSAno mahotsava dhAmadhumathI ujavAto. cAvaccAputranI dIkSA vakhate kRSNamahArAjA nagaranA lokone ghoSaNA karIne jaNAve che ke jene pravajyA levAnI icchA hoya tenI kauTuMbika javAbadArI pote upADI leze. arthAt dIkSA levA mATe anumodana Ape che. dhArmika paristhitiH pAMcamA adhyanamAM zukaparivrAjakanI kathA che. te potAnA dharmane zoryapradhAna mAne che. te RgvedAdi cAre vedano ane SaSTimaMtra, sAMkhyamata vagereno jJAtA hato. pAMca yama ane pAMca miyanathI yukta zaucamUlaka dasa prakAranA dharmanuM te nirUpaNa karato hato. tridaMDa, 2010_03

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164 vividhA kaMDikA, chatra, karoTikA, kamaMDala, rUdrAkSamAlA, mATInuM pAtra, aMkuza, pavitraka tAMbAnI aMgUThI-vagere tenAM upakaraNo hatAM. te sAMkhya siddhAMtonuM pratipAdana karato hato. teno anuyAya sudarzana zreSThIe jaina AcAryanA parivayathI jainadharma aMgIkAra karyo. sudarzana zreSThInI sAthe zukra parivrAjaka jaina AcArya pAse jAya che. zukra dvArA pUchAyelA praznono te dharmocArye yathAyogya javAba ApyA. tethI zukra potAnAM pUrva upakaraNono tyAga karyo. coTalI mUMDAvI nAkhI ane temano ziSya thayo. sAdhvIo paNa potAnI ziSyAonAM samudAya sAthe paribhramaNa karatI hatI. AThamA adhyayanamAM, mallinA kathAnakamAM cokakhA nAmanI eka sAMkhya matAnuyAyI parivrAjikAnuM varNana che. A parivrAjikA paNa vaidAdi zAstromAM nipUrNa hatI, tenI keTalIka ziSyAo hatI, tene rahevA mATe maTha paNa hato. icchita vastuonI siddhi mATe deva-devIonI pUjA ane maMtra-taMtrano AdhAra levAmAM Avato hato. jemake saMghATa adhyayanamAM bhadrAbhAminI saMtAnaprApti mATe A pramANe saMkalpa kare che. rAjagRha nagaranI bahAra je nAga, bhUta, yakSa, Indra, skaMda, rudra, ziva ane vaizramaNa Adi devonAM Ayamano che. ane temAM je nAganI pratimA,ga yAvata vaizramaNanI pratimA che. temanI bahumUlya puSmAdithI pUjA karIne...namaskAra karIne A pramANe kahuM chuM: "he davAnupriya. jo huM eka putra ke putrIne janma ApIza to hUM tamArI pUjA karIsa. parvanA divase dAna ApIza...tamArA akSaya nidhinI vRddhi karIza." sAmAnya janasamAja prakRtinAM vividha tattvonI mukhyatve vRkSo, nAgadevatA vagerenI pUjA karatAM hatAM. iMdra, vaidika devatA, asaro ane mAtRdevInI sAthe pakSa ane gAMdharvonI pUjA paNa thatI hatI. tevI ja rIte priya vyaktione vazamAM rAkhavA mATe vazIkaraNa maMtrano paNa upayoga thato hato. tetaliputra adhyayanamAM podilA ane amasTekAmAM sukumAlikA patino prema prApta karavA mATe, patine vazamAM karavA mATe suvratA Adi sAdhvIone kahe che : "he AryAo, tamArI pAse koI cUrNayoga, maMtrAyoga, kAmaNayoga, hRdayanuM haraNa karanAra..vazIkaraNa, kautukakarmaka bhabhUtino prayoga athavA koI mULa, kaMda, chAla, vela, alabatta AryA temanA A sUcanane anicchanIya ane anusaMcuta kahe che ane kevalaprarUpita dharmano upadeza Ape che. rAjyAbhiSeka, prajAyagrahaNa, vivAhaprasaMga, pAvAgamana vagere prasaMgoe maMgaLa zukrana jovAmAM AvatAM hatAM. meghakumAranA dIkSA mahotsavanI savArImAM aSTa maMgala tenI sAme rajU karavAmAM Ave che. te A pramANe che : svastika, zrIvatsa, naMdAvarta, vardhamAna, bhadrAsanala, kaLaza, matsya ane darpaNa. A pramANe janajIvanamAM pracalita dharma vizenI aneka paraMparita rUDhionuM Alekhana ahIM jovA maLe che. sAmAjika: jJAtAdharmakathAmAM tatkAlIna samAna vyavasthAnuM yathAtatha citra upasI Ave che. 2010_03

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jJAtAdharmakathA : samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 165 samAjanI nAnAvidha rUDhio, zAsanavyavasthA, strIo ane dAsa-dAsIonI paristhiti utsavo Adi vize mAhitI maLe che. prathama zrutaskaMdhanA dvitIya saMghATa adhyayanamAM saMtAnaprApti mATe vividha devadevIonI pUjA-arcanA thatI hovAnuM jaNAvyuM che. potAnA dhanavaibhavanA pradarzana mATe nAnA bALakone paNa mUlyavAna alaMkArA paherAvavAnI prathA hatI. ane tene kAraNe temanuM apaharaNa ane hatyA paNa thatA hatA. A ja kathAmAM kArAgAranI bhayaMkaratA ane tIvra yAtanAonuM paNa asarakAraka Alekhana thayuM che. kArAgaranAM kedI mATe enA svajano gherathI bhojana mokalI zakatAM hatAM. bhojanapiTakanI sAthe pANIno ghaDo paNa mokalI zakato hato. rAjyanA aparAdha mATe nagaranA zreSThIne paNa kArAvAsanI sajA bhogavavI paDatI hatI. ahIM danya sArthavAhane tenA putranA ghAtaka vijaya cora sAthe ja bAMdhavAmAM Ave che. tatkAlIna samAjamAM strIonuM sthAna gauravabharyuM haze ema mAnI zakAya. abatta temane dohadapUrti mATe, devadevIonI pUjA-arcanA mATe ke apravajayA aMgIkAra karavA mATe potAnA patinI anumati levI paDatI hatI-paNa sanmAnapUrvaka temane anumati ApavAmAM AvatI hatI. pAMcamA adhyayanamAM cAvA nAmanI sArthavAhInI kathAnaka che. te laukika ane rAjakIya vyavahAra ane vyApAra AdimAM kuzaLa hatI. mAtAnA nAmathI putranI oLakha ApI zakAtI hatI. jemake thAvastrAputra. dhArmika sthiti : - I.sa.pU. chaThThI pAMcamI sadInAM samaya bhAratamAM sAmAjika ane rAjakIya kSetranI jema dhArmika kSetre paNa krAntino samaya hato. upaniSadanA ucca jJAnanI sAthe sAthe vaidika kriyAkAMDa paNa pracalita hatA. lokomAM aMdhazraddhA vizeSa hatI. vaidika yajJayAgAdi ane jIvahiMsAnI viruddhamaM pracalita thayelI vicAradhArAo pratye samAja abhimukha thayo jato hato. brAhmaNa purohitonI variSThatAnuM mahattva A saMkrAntikALamAM ghaTyuM. kSatriyo AdhyAtmika ciMtananA kSetramAM agresara thayA. teo brAhmaNone paNa tattvajJAnanA gUDha siddhAMto samajAvavA lAgyA. buddha ane mahAvIra janma kSatriya hatA paNa teo AdhyAtmika kSetre yugapuruSa banyA. prastuta graMthamAM jainadharmanuM vizeSa rIte nirUpaNa thayeluM che eTale jainadharmanA prabhAva vize temAMthI vadhu mAhitI maLe che. rAjavIo, zreSThIo ane sAmAnya prajAno paNa jainadharmamAM dIkSita thayA utsuka hatA. alabatta pravajayA lenAre mAtApitAnI anumati levI paDatI. methakumAra, cAvAkumAra ke mallIne mATe paNa mAtApitAnI anumati anivArya hatI. jJAtAdharmakathA anusAra A anumati sahajapaNe maLatI hatI. prajA ane rAjAno dharmamAM anurAga hato. gRhatyAga karIne dIkSA lenAranuM sthAna gauravabharyuM hatuM. dIkSAno mahotsava dhAmadhUmathI ujavAto. pAvAputranI dIkSA vakhate kRSNa mahArAjA nagaranA lokone ghoSaNA karIne jaNAve che ke jene pravajayA levAnI IcchA hoya tenI kauTuMbika 2010_03

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166 vividhA javAbadArI pote upADI leze. arthAt dIkSA levA mATe anumodana Ape che. te samaye anya zramaNasaMpradAyo paNa astitvamAM AvyA hatA. A tapasvIo ke tIrthakaro-dhArmika saMpradAyanA agresaro potAnA vizALa ziSyasamudAya sAthe dezanA vividha bhAgomAM paribhramaNa karatA hatA. ane sAmAnya janasamudAyane dharmano upadeza ApatA hatA. sAmAjika sthiti : prastuta graMthamAM darzana ane dharmanA saMdarbhamAM tatkAlIna samAjavyavasthAnuM paNa yathAtatha citra upasI Ave che. mukhyatve rAjA ane zreSThIonA kuTuMbajIvananI vipula sAmagrI maLe che. paNa te sAthe samAjanA rItarivAjo, strIonI sthiti, rAjakIya ane Arthika vyavasthA vagereno paricaya paNa prApta thAya che. kuTuMbamAM strInuM sthAna gauravabharyuM hatuM. mallI adhyayanamAM mallInA pitA, mallInuM kathana mAnya rAkhIne tenI sAme yuddhame utarelA rAjAone potAnA mahelamAM AmaMtraNa Ape che "rohiNI' adhyayanamAM to strIzaktinuM gaurava karanAra dhanya sArthavAha jevA zreSThIno paricaya maLe che. rohiNI gharanI putravadhU hovA chatAM kuTuMbanuM saghaLuM uttaradAyitva saMbhALI le che. kuTuMbano vaDo kuTuMbanA hita mATe yogya vyavasthA karavA tatama raheto hato - ema dhanyasArthavAhanA dRSTAnta dvArA jANavA maLe che. jJAtAdharmakathAnA bIjA zrutaskaMdhamAM kAlI Adi aneka devIonI ja kathA ApavAmAM AvI che. temAM sthaLakALa sivAya ekasUtratA ghaNI che. paraMtu satrIo paNa mokSaprAptinI adhikAriNI che - e hakIktano spaSTa svIkAra thayelo hato. bIjA zrutaskaMdhanuM devIonuM varNana tripiTaka sAhityanA cerIgAthA" nA graMthanI yAda apAve che. alabatta tyAM 73 cerIonAM kathAnakamAM temanI jIvanaghaTanAone alaga alaga rIte vaNI levAmAM AvI che. A strIo samAjanA vibhinna vargamAMthI AvatI hatI. tethI temanA kathAnaka paNa jijJAsApreraka ane dRSTAMtamUlaka banyAM che. jainadharmanI jema bauddhadharma strIne nivaNaprAptino adhikAra che. e hakIkata svIkAra che. alabatta strInuM mUkhya kAryakSetra ghara ja hatuM. paraMtu sAmAjika kAryo mATe strIo gharanI bahAra jatI. cAvaNyA gRhapatnI pote ja rAjadarabAramAM che. te laukika ane rAjakIya vyavahAra ane vyApAra AdimAM kuzaLa hatI. mAtAnA nAmathI putranI oLaka ApI zakAtI-jemake cAvacyAputra. bIjA zrutaskaMdhanI kAlI Adi devIo vividha devaloka ane vimAnamAM utpanna thaIne vipula, riddhi siddhi, samuddhi bhogavatI hatI ane temaNe viziSTa prakAranI siddhio prApta karI hatI. samAjamAM gaNikAnuM sthAna paNa mAnabharyuM hatuM. rAjaputro ane zreSThiputro paNa gaNikAne ghare jatA ane temane vipula dhana-saMpatti ApatA hatA. gaNikAo aneka kaLAomAM nipuNatA meLavatI hatI. te samaye zreSThI kuTuMbomAM eka karatAM vadhAre patnInI prathA pracalita hatI. dhanika kuTuMbomAM putrane ucheravA dhAyamAtA rAkhavAmAM AvatI hatI. bALakane dUdha ApanAra, 2010_03

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jJAtAdharmakathA : samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 167 suvADanAra, ramavA laI janAra ema alaga alaga dhAyamAtA paNa rAkhavAmAM AvatI. tenA prakAra A pramANe che : kSIrapAtrA, maMDanadhAtrA, majanana dhAtrA, krIDAyAtrA. samAjamAM saMyukta kuTuMbanI paraMparAnuM pAlana thatuM hatuM. vizALa kuTuMbano vaDo kuTuMbanuM hita ane gaurava sacavAya te pramANe vyavasthA karatAM. mAtA-pitAnI AjJAnuM pAlana karavAmAM AvatuM hatuM. gharajamAI rAkhavAno rivAja paNa hato. zreSThionuM sthAna mobhAnuM hatuM. rAjAo temane Adara ApatA ane zreSThio rAjAnuM dhana paNa ApatA hatA. AjIvikA mATe vyApAra ane kRSino vyavasAya mukhya hatA. vipula pramANamAM dhAnya utpanna thAya te mATe vizeSa kALajI levAmAM AvatI. cAra prakAranI cIjavastuono vyApAra pracalita hato : gaNima eTale gaNanAmUlaka gaNIne ApavAnI vastuo nAriyeLa vagere. dharima eTale kola karIne ApavAnI vastuo, meca eTale pAlI vaDe mApIne ApavAmAM AvatI dhAnya-anAja vagere vastuo ane pariccheda eTale kApIne ApavAnI vastra vagere vastuo. nagaranA vepArIo gaNima, dharima vagere cIjavastuonA vyApAra mATe gADI gADI laIne vana-jaMgalamAM mArge athavA nAva dvArA samudramArge anya nagara ane dezamAM aneka rakSako ane sAthIdAronA samUha sAthe jatA. sojA, kuMbhAra, hajAra (AlaMkArikonI sabhA), mALI vagere vyAvasAyiko paNa te samayamAM hatA. mayUrapAliko, azva ane hAthInI keLavaNI ApanAra viziSTa prakAranI vidhA jANanArAono paNa eka varga hato. jinadatta sArthavAha putra mayUrInA IMDAne maraghInA iMDA sAthe rAkhIne tene poSaNa ApavAno prayatna kare che. e uparathI zreSThIonA gharomAM maraghIo rAkhavAmAM AvatI hovAnuM mAnI zakAya rezama jevAM vastro ane ochA paNa bahumUlya alaMkAro dhAraNa karatA. corI, lUMTa, apaharaNa karavAM, hatyA karavI-Adi aniSTa tattvo tatkAlIna samAjamAM hatA. guno karanArane sajA karavAmAM AvatI. nagararakSakone phariyAda karavI hoya to temane mATe bahumUlya bheTa laIne javAnI prathA hatI. rAjavIo ane zreSThIonAM rAjakIya, kauTuMbika jIvananI sAthe sAmAnya janajIvanano paNa vizada paricaya ahI prApta thAya che. aitihAsika ane bhaugolika mAhitI : jJAtAdharmakathAmAM mukhyatve mallI arhata, ariSTanemI ane mahAvIrasvAmInA samayanI aitihAsika ane bhaugolika mAhitI vipula pramANamAM maLe che. pratyeka kathAno AraMbha ekAda nagarI, temAM AvelA udhAna ke caityanAM ullekha sAthe thAya che. A udyAna ke caitya mukhyatve IzAna ke agni khUNAmAM Avela hoya che. tenI AsapAsa nadIo, paryata vagerenAM nAmollekho paNa maLe che. temAM mukhyatve caMpAnagarInuM pUrNabhadra caitya, rAjagRhanuM guNazIla udyAna, dhArAvatIno naMdanavana udhAna, tetalipura nagaramAM pramAdavana udhAna, mahAtvadehakSetramAM AvelA salilAvatI nAmanA pradezanI vittazokA rAjadhAnI ane 2010_03

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vividhA teno indrakumAbha idhAnanA ullekho mukhya che. sAmAnya rIte koI dharmAcArya nagarImAM Ave tyAre A udyAno ke caityamAM potAno dharmopadeza ApatA hatA. vaitADhya, himavanta, raivataka, niSada, nilavaMta vagere parvato ane zItAMdA, sItA e be nadIo ane lavaNasamudranuM varNana maLe che. 168 A nagarIonAM ullekha sAthe mahadaMze tyAMnA rAjAonAM nAma paNa ApavAmAM AvyA che. kAMpaNyapura nagarImAM dravapadarAjAnI putrI drupadInAM svayaMvara mATe alaga alaga dezanA rAjAone AmaMtraNa mokalavAmAM Ave che. tyAM nava janapado ane tenA rAjAnA nAma apAyelAM che. jemake dvArakA nagarI, surASTra janapadanI rAjadhAnI hatI ane kRSNavAsudeva tenI rAjA hatA. evo ullekha ahIM maLe che. tevI ja rIte hastinApurano rAjA pAMDu, suktimanimAM damaghoSa ane zizupAla rAjA, mathurAmAM ghara, rAjagRhamAM sahadeva, virATamAM kicakarAjA, hastazIrSamAM damadatta rAjA...vagere. A sarva kRSNavAsudevanA samayanA rAjAo hovAnuM kahI zakAya. mallI adhyayanamAM te samayanA cha rAjAo ane temanI nagarInAM nAma, tyAnuM samAjajIvana, Arthika, dhArmika, sAMskRtaka paristhiti vagereno khyAla maLe che. A rAjAo sAthe temanI rANIo-rAjakumAro ane temanAM vyaktitvanAM paNa paricaya maLe che. te uparAMta caMpAnagarInAM kuNika rAjA, rAjagRhanA zreNika rAjA, tetalipuranA kanakaratharAjA ane amarakaMkA nagarInAM padmanAbha rAjA vagerenAM nAma ane kyAreka temanI rAjanItino vizeSa paricaya maLe che. A sAmagrI saMskRtanA abhyAsa maTe upayogI banI zake tema che. jainazAstromAM nirUpita aneka prakAranAM devo, devaloka, vimAno, temAM utpanna thayelA devonA AyuSyanI sthiti, mokSa vagerenuM nirUpaNa ahIM thayuM che. jemake bhavanapati, vyaMtara, jyotiSka ane vaimAnika e cAra prakAranA devo; lokAntideva, saudharmakalpa sUryotsa vagere devaloka, yaMta ariSTa, durdarAvataMsa vagere vimAnonA ullekho ahIM maLe che. bIjA zrutaskaMdhamAM devaloka ke vimAnomAM utpanna thayelI devIonI siddhiAdedanuM paNa varNana che. jJAtAdharmakathAmAMthI vividha prakAranAM zAstrajJAna ane kalAo vize paNa noMdhapAtra sAmagrI maLe che. meghakumAra, thAvaccAputra ke mallInA janma nimitte svapnazAstranI vizada carcA thaI che. temAM kalyANarUpa 14 svapno A rIte varNavyAM che. gaja, vRSabha, siMha, abhiSeka, puSpamALA, candramA, sUrya, dhvaja, kuMbha, padmayukta sarovara, sAgara, vimAna, ratnarAzi ane dhUmADArahita agni. vaidakazAstrano paNa te samaye ghaNo vikAsa thayo hato ema durdera adhyayananA naMdamaNiyAranI rogacikitsA vizenA Alekhana dvArA jaNI zakAya che. ahIM vividha prakArA rogonA nAma ane udavartana, snehayAna, vamana, racana, apasnAna vagere aneka vaidakIya paddhationuM savistara Alekhana thayuM che. garbhavatI strIonA AhAra-vihAranAM sUcano che. ahIM ApelAM aneka prakAranI vanaspatinA ullekhomAM dAvadrava ane naMdIphala nAmanAM 2010_03

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jJAtAdharmakathA : samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 169 vRkSonuM varNana vizeSa rIte noMdhapAtra bane tema che. "hRdaka adhyayanamAM kAdavayukta jaLanuM parizuddha karavAnI prakriyA ApavAmA AvI che to mArkadI adhyayanamAM sayAMtrika nAvanuM varNana che. - tatkAlIna samAjamAM saMgIta ane nATakakalAno pracAra hato. vallakI, bhrAmarI, bhImara, paDhabhramarI vagere 72 kaLAonAM nAma meghakumAranA abhyAsa aMgenI saMdarbhamAM ApavAmAM AvyAM che. paganA aMgUThAne joIne vyaktinA saMpUrNa zarIranI AkRti dorI zake tevA citrakAro te samaye hatA. citrakalAnI jema zilpa, sthApatyakalAno paNa vikAsa thayelo hato. naMda maNiyAre taiyAra karAvela cikitsAlaya ane dhAriNIdevInA zayanagRhanI racanAnuM varNana te samayanI sthApatyakalAno jhINavaTabharyo paricaya Ape che. dAriNIdevInA zayanagRhanI racanA A pramANe batAvI che : garanI bahAranA bhAgamAM suMdara, komaLa, viziSTa, saMsthAnavALA thAMbhalA upara zreSTha pUtaLIo banelI hatI. uttama caMdrakAntAdika maNio, suvarNa ane ratnonA zikhara, kapotamAlI, gavAkSa, ardhacaMdra AkAravALA pagathiyAM dvAra pAsenA ToDalA, caMdrazALA (agAzI) vagere vistRta varNana bhavya zayanakhaMDanuM tAdaza citra rajU kare che. rAjAo, zreSThIo AdinAM uttama prakAranA rezamamAMthI banAvelAM vastro ane ati mUlyavAna alaMkAronAM vistRta Alekhano ahIM thayAM che. kathAtattvo ane kathAghaTako : prastuta Agama graMtha mukhyatve jJAna-eTala udAharaNo ke daSTAnto para AdhArita che. paraMtu teno hetu kevaLa kathAtattva dvArA janamanaraMjana karavAno nathI, paraMtu dhArmika pratibodha ApavAno che. tethI kathA temAM sAdhanarUpa che. sAdhya nahi. saMghATa aMDaka rohiNI, amarakaMkA vagere mAkaMdIkathAmAM kathAnuM tattva savizeSa che. temAM kathAno AraMbha, vikAsa, pArAkASTA ane aMta-ema vividha tabakkAonI spaSTa rekhA joI zakAya che. paNa uslipta, zailaka, mallI vagere adhyayanomAM mukhyatve caritrakathAo che. temAM pUrvabhavonI kathAo paNa ApelI che tethI kathAtaMtuno vikAsa ane saMkalanA zithila jaNAya che. jo ke A darekamAM dharmabodhano hetu siddha karavAno hovAthI vastusaMkalanAthI sugraMthitatAne mahattva apAyuM nathI. kUrma, taMbUka, caMdra, dAvadraha, naMdIphala vagere to spaSTa rIte ja rUpakakathA che. tema chatAM A kathAne vadhu asarakAraka ane prabhAvaka banAvavA mATe keTalIka sAmAjika rUDhio, prAkRtika ghaTanAo, paraMparita mUlyo vagerenAM keTalAMka svIkRta kathAghaTakonAM paNa upayoga karavAmAM Avyo che. jo ke samayaparivartana sAthe A kathAghaTakomAM parivartana AvatuM hoya che. zApa athavA varadAna, IzvarIya camatkAra, daivI sahAya, rUpaparivartana, parakAyapraveza, adazya thavuM, AkAzagamana, divya ke camatkArika vAhana-rathavimAna vagere. viziSTa vidhAo. siddhi, maMtra-taMtrAdi, AkAzavANI, satya ke pativratAdharmano prabhAva, svapnanirdeza, dohada, zukra dvArA bhAvino nirdeza, yakSa-vighAdhara vagere. pazu-pakSIonI bolI ane mAnavasaMdeza vyavahAra, ujInagara maLavuM, citra joIne 2010_03

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170 vividhA kanyA para mohita thavuM, lokaDAnA pATiyAne AdhAre samudra tarIka jevAM...vagere kathAghaTako kathAne rasika ane asarakAraka banAvavAmAM sahAyabhUta thAya che. ahIM mAtaMdIputro vahANanA pATiyAne AdhAre samudra tarI jAya che. jinazatrurAjA mallInuM citra joIne mohita thAya che. ratnadvIpano yakSa AkAzamArge jinapAlitana tenA rAjayamAM pahoMcADe che. dhAriNIdevInA akALameghanuM dohada, abhayakumAranAM devalokamAM vasato mitra camatkArika rIte puru kare che. A kathAghaTakonA samUcita upayogane kAraNe A graMthanI kathAo viseSa lokapriya banI che. pazupakSIonI kathAno vikAsa paNa ahIM jovA maLe che. jJAtAdharmakathAmAM kuvAno deDako jaMgalanA hAthI, kIDA, be kAcabA vagere aneka jIva-jaMtuo ane pazuviSayaka kathAo che. temanAM dRSTAMto dvArA dharma ane AcArano upadeza ApavAmAM Avyo che. deDakAno ajJAnamUlaka ahaMkAra, kAcabAnI svarakSaNanI vRtti, ziyALanI satarkatA ana paMcanAmUlaka sahetuka niSkriyatA, hAthI ane hAthiNIonI vividha kriyAo, paMcendriyonA rasabhogamAM Asakta banatA azvo-vagere dvArA jIvana vizenAM keTalAMka satyone pragaTa karavAmAM AvyAM che. manovaijJAnika nirUpaNa H - rohiNInI samagra kathA, sAgaradattanA putranI saMzayagrasta avasthA ziyALa dUra gayuM haze ema mAnIne kramaza potAnA aMgone bahAra kADhato kAcabo, dhAriNIdevInA akALa meghanA dohadanI pUrtino upAya na maLatA ciMtita banI gayelA zreNika rAjAnuM abhayakumAra sAthenuM vartana, pravajyAnI prathama rAtrie avahelanAno anubhava karatA. sAdhutvano tyAga karavAno nizcaya karanAra meghakumAra, maMDUraka adhyayananA kUvAmAMnA deDakAnI manodazA..vagerenuM Alekhana keTalAka manovaijJAnika satyone yathocita rIte, sahajapaNe pragaTa kare che. rohiNInI samagra kathA ja manovaijJAnika tathyane AdhAre racAyelI che. ujhikA, bhogavatI, rakSikAnAM nAmo paNa temanA guNane ghotita karanArAM che. dhanya sArthavAha yogya rIte je zAlInA dANAne pheMkI denAra ujhikAne gharanI saphAInuM, dANAne khAI janAra bhogavatIne rasoDAnuM, dANAne DabbAmAM coksAIthI sAcavI rAkhanAra rakSikAne dhanasaMpattiAbhUSaNo vagerenA rakSaNanuM ane dANAnI vRddhi karanAra rohiNIne kuTuMbano samagra vyavahAranA saMcAlananuM kArya soMpe che. A kathAomAM aihika samasyAonuM ciMtana, pAralaukika samasyAonuM samAdhAna, dhArmika-sAmAjika paristhitionuM vivaraNa, arthanIti, rAjanItinuM nidarzana ane janatAnI vyApArakuzaLatAnuM nirUpaNa che. 2010_03

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jJAtAdharmakathA : samIkSAtmaka adhyayana 171 saMdarbhagraMtha 1. prAkRta sAhityakA itihAsa, le. jagadIzacaMdra jaina 2. jaina bRhadasAhityakA itihAsa, pArzva prakAzana pAdaTIpa 1. tae NaM seNie rAyA kallaM pAuppabhAyAe rayaNIe phullappalakamalakomalummiliyaMmi. aha paMDkare pamAe. rattAsogapagAtkisUyasuyamuha-guMjabhdarAga-baMdhujIvagapArAvayacalaNanayaNaparahuyasurattaloyaNa-jAMsumiNa khaie ahakameNa udie, tassa diNakaraparaMparAyaya rapAraddhammi aMdhayAre. bAlAtayakuMkumeNaM khaie vva jIvaloe, loyaNavisaANuAsavigasaMtavisadadaMsiyammi loe, kamalAgarasaMDabohae aTThiyammi sUre sahastarassimmi diNayare teyasA jalaMte sayaNijjAo uttheti| 2. tattha NaM rAyagihe nagare vijaya nAmaM takkare hotthA, pAve caMDAlaruye bhImatararuddhakamme ArusiyadittaratanayaNe kharapharurAmahallavigayayImatyadADhie asaMpuDiyauddhe udayavapainnalaMyaMtamuddhae bhamararAhuvane niraNuvakIse niraNutAye dAruNe paimae nisaMsaie nirakukaMpe ahicca egaMtadiTThie, khure va egaMtadhArAe, giddhe ya Amisatallicche agnimiva savvabhavaraGge, jalamiva savyagAhI, ukkaM caNayaM thamAyAniyaMDikU DakavaDasAisaMpao gabahule, virngrvinntttthdutttthsiilaayaarcrite| 3. tae NaM te pAyasiyAlayA jeNeya te kummagA teNeva uvAgacchaMti / uvAgacachitA te kuma,magA savvao saMmata / uvvetenti, pariyatenti, AsArenti, saMsArenti, vAlenti, ghaTaTenti, phaMdenti, khomenti, nahehiM AlupaMti, detaMhi ya akkhoDeMti, no ceNa NaM saMcAeMti tesiM kummANaM sarIramma AvAhaM vA, pavAha vA, vAvAhaM vA uppAetae chaviccheya krete| 2010_03

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172 vividhA gujarAtanuM jaina saMskRta-prAkRta sAhitya prAcIna gujarAtamAM jaina dharmanI preraNAthI sAhitya-racanAo ane vAnamaya upAsanAne ghaNo vega maLyo hato. I.sa.nA AraMbhakALathI ja girinagara, valabhI, bhakaccha vagere gujarAtanAM mahattvanAM rAjakIya sthaLo hovAnI sAthe sAMskRtika kendro paNa hatAM. tyAM tema ja anya sthAnoe sAhitya pravRtti mukhyatve brAhmaNa, jaina ane bauddha AcAryo dvArA cAlatI hatI. temaNe racelA graMthono samaya sunizcita na hovAne kAraNe tathA graMthakAro vize paNa susaMkalita mAhitI upalabdha nahi hovAthI, temanA kAlAnukrama vize matabheda rahe che. temaNe prAkRta ane saMskRta baMne bhASAomAM racanAo karI che. prAkRta bhASAnI prathama prAkRta dharmakathA 'taraMgavatI' nA kartA pAdaliptAcArya eka prabhAvaka jaina AcArya hatA ane emanuM nAma saurASTranA prasiddha jaina tIrtha pAdaliptapura pAlItANA sAthe joDAyeluM che. jaina Agama sAhityamAM noMdhAyelI anuzrutio anusAra, pAdaliptAArya pATaliputramAM mahuMDarAjAnA darabAramAM hatA. emanA buddhicAturya, maMtrazakti ane yaMtravidyA pravINatA vize vividha kathAnako maLe che. temaNe pote racelI vikhyAta prAkRta dharmakathA "taraMgavatI'nI mULa prata prApta thatI nathI, paraMtu nemicaMdra 1900 prAkRta gAthAomAM karelo eno saMkSepa maLe che. temaNe AgamagraMtha jyotiSakaDaka' upara vRttinI racanA karI hatI. te uparAMta dIkSA ane pratiSThA-vidhi vize 'nirvANa-kalikA' nAme prasiddha graMthanI racanA karI che. te uparAMta praznaprakAza ane "kAjJAnI' nAmanA jyotiSanA graMtho paNa temanI racanA hovAnuM manAya che. temanA A graMtho saMskRta bhASAmAM racAyelA che. "taraMgavatInI prAkRta kathA uparAMta gAthAspatizatimAM temanI keTalIka prAkRta gAthAo uddhata thayelI che. - I.sa.nA AraMbhanA saikAomAM jainavidyA ane sAhitya paratve gujarAta ane temAM paNa valabhI mahattvanuM kendra hatuM. I.sa.nA 300 nA arasAmAM valabhImAM Arya nAgArjune Agamana sAhityanI vAcanA nakkI karavA mATe eka pariSada bolAvI hatI. tene "valabhIvAcanA' kahevAmAM Ave che. tyAra bAda vIranirvANa saM. 980 arthAta I.sa. 453-54 (lagabhaga)mAM devardhigaNa kSamA-zramaNanI adhyakSatadAmAM samagra jaina zrutasAhityane lipibaddha karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. devardhigaNikSamAzramaNa, paraMparA anusAra naMdisUtra' nA kartA hovAnuM mAnavAmAM Ave che. temaNe jaina siddhAMto vize graMtharacanA karI hovAnA ullekho maLe , paNa te graMtha hAla upalabdha nathI. jaina tattvamImAMsAnA mahattvanA prAkRta bhASAmAM racAyelA "sanmatitarka' graMthanA kartA siddhasena divAkaranuM sAhitya sarjana paNa gujarAtanI bhUmi upara thayuM che. saMskRtinI asarathI yukta prAkRta bhASAmAM racAyelA A graMthamAM jainadarzananA hArdarUpa anekAntavAda 2010_03

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gujarAtanuM jaina saMskRta-prAkRta sAhitya 173 siddhAMtanuM tarkazailIe pRthakkaraNa karIne tenuM navesarathI nirUpaNa karavAmAM AvyuM che tathA anya darzano sAthe jainadarzananI tulanAtmaka dRSTie carcA karavAmAM AvI che. A kRti 166 prAkRta AryAomAM racAI che. "sanmatitarka vize abhayadevasUrie lakhelI 'tattvabodhavidhAyinI" nAme saMskRta TIkA paNa jaina tattvamImAMsAno AkAra graMtha che. nyAyAvatAra' nAmanI temanI kRti paNa maLe che. batrIsIo" eTale batrIsa batrIsa zlokomAM racAyelI kRtio. temAMnI bAvIsamI batrIsanuM nAma "nyAyAvatAra' che.-te sAmAnya rIte alaga racanA gaNAya che. A dareka batrIsIo prauDha ane kavitvapUrNa zailIe saMskRta chaMdomAM racAI che. temAMthI keTalIka batrIsI stutyAtmaka, keTalIka carcAtmaka ane keTalIka darzanaviSayaka che. "kalyANamaMdira stotra" paNa temanI ja kRti che. "nizIthasUtra' upara temaNe TIkA lakhI hovAnA ullekho maLe che, paNa te graMtha upalabdha nathI. | gujarAtanA mahAna tArkika ane tattvajJa mallavAdInI kRtio paNa jaina nyAyanA saMdarbhamAM mahattvanI manAya che. jaina nyAyanA sarvottama graMtho paikI "nayacakra athavA 'dvAdazAniyacakra'nA teo kartA che. AcArya hemacaMdra "siddhahaima uparanI bRhada TIkAmAM malavAdIne "tArkikomAM zreSTha" kahIne biradAvyA che. temaNe "padmacarita' nAmanuM 24000 zloka pramANanuM, rAmakathA vizenuM mahAkAvya racyuM hovAnA ullekho maLe che : tevI ja rIte "sanmatitarka vizenI TIkA tathA bauddha vidvAna dharmakIrti kRta "nyAyabindunI dharmottarakRta TIkA upara temaNe TIppaNa racyuM hovAnuM kahevAya che, paNa A graMtho anupalabdha valabhI vAcanA taiyAra thayA pachInA samayamAM mukhyatve AgamagraMtho upara vRtti-TIkAo ane vivaraNo vizeSa rIte racAtAM rahyAM hatAM. chaThThI sadImAM jinabhadra kSamAzramaNe jaina jJAnavAda, pramANazAstra, AcAranIti, syAdavAda, nayavAda, karmasiddhAnta, gaNadharavAda, nidvavavAda vagare viSayonI sAmagrI prastuta karato mahattvano 'vizeSAvazyaka bhASya' nAmano graMtha racyo che. sAtamA saikAmAM thayelA jinadAsagaNi mahattaranuM nAma cUrNikhAkAra tarIke suprasiddha che. prAkRta athavA A saMskRta mizrA bhASAmAM jaina Agamo para lakhAyelI vyAkhyAo cUrNio temanuM mahattvanuM pradAna che. temAM nizIthasUtra-vizeSa cUrNa, Avazyaka cUrNi, dazavaikAlika cUrNi vagere mahattvanI cUrNio che. ' jaina AgamonA ane darzanazAstranA pAragAmI vidvAna haribhadrasUrie (AThamo saiko) aneka saMskRta ane prAkRta bhASAnI kRtio ApI che. te aneka viSayonA jJAtA hatA. temaNe anuyogadvAra sUtra vRtti, nyAyAmRtataraMgiNI, yogabiMdu, yogazataka, dharmasaMgrahaNI, paMcavastuka, zrAvakadharmavidhi taMtra, dinazuddhi Adi graMthomAM zAstrIya, dArzanika, yoga, caritra ane jyotiSa Adi aneka viSayonI rajUAta karI che. to 2010_03

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vividhA prasiddha kathAgraMtha 'samarAIccakahA' ane 'dhUrtAkhyAna' vagere kathAonuM sarjana karIne prAkRta bhASAne samRddha karI che. temanA ja samakAlIna dAkSiNyacihna udyotanasUrie 13000 zlokanA parimANavALI, gadya-padyamaM racAyelI 'kuvalayamAlA' nAmanI adbhUta kathA ApI che. temAM prAkRtanI sAthe apabhraMza ane saMskRta bhASAno upayoga paNa thayo che. krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha vagerenuM pariNAma batAvavAnA uddezathI kartAe vacce vacce aneka subhASito, prahalikAo, ane samasyAono paNa upayoga karIne A kathAnuM sarjana karyuM che. AcArya jinasenasUrie bAvIsamA tIrthaMkara zrI neminAtha ane teo je vaMzamAM utpanna thayA hatA te rivaMzanA mahApuruSonA caritra-AlekhanA uddezathI ...'harivaMzapurANa' nI racanA karI che. temAM 66 sargo ane kula 9000 padho che. adhikAMza, racanA ane anuSTupa chaMdamAM che, te sAthe druvilaMbita, vasaMtatilakA, zArdUlavikrIDita Adi chaMdono paNa temAM upayoga thayo che. tyAra badA racAyelo hariSaNAcAryano 'bRhatkathAkoza'- ` ArAdhanAnI sAthe saMbaMdhita kathAono sahuthI prAcIna ane samRddha koza ce. 174 solaMkI kALamAM saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza ane dezI bhASAomAM jainadarzana viSayaka zAstrIya tathA lalita sAhityanA-vividha sAhityasvarUpomAM-vipula saMkhyAmAM graMtho racAyA hatA. A kALanA AraMbhamAM lokabhASA apabhraMza hatI paNa AgaLa jatAM jUnI gujarAtI bhASA ghaDAI rahI hatI. gujarAtamAM nAgarI lipino vikAsa thayo ane jaina lahiyAoe vividha maroDa dharAvatA akSaromAM aneka hastaprata-graMtho taiyAra karyA. kalikAlasarvajJa gaNAtA hemacaMdrAcArye tathA emanA vidvAna ziSyoe potAnI vividha ucca kRtio dvArA gujarAtane vidyAnA kSetramAM gauravabharyuM sthaAna apAvyuM. jaina sAhityanA saMdarbhamAM pAzcAtya vidvAna viMTara nitjhano abhiprAya noMdhapAtra che. ".....bhAratIya sAhityano eka paNa pradeza evo nathI, jemAM jainonuM viziSTa sthAna na hoya. sauthI vadhAre to emaNe vipula kathAsAhitya sarjyuM che, emaNe mahAkAvyo ane sudIrdha kathAnako lakhyAM che, nATako ane stotronI racanA karI che. keTalIkavAra ucca sAhityika racanAo dvArA alaMkRta saMskRta kavitAnA sarvocca lekhako sAthe spardhA karI che, ane zAstrIya viSayonA uttama graMtha ApyA che." A samayamAM vAdI-devasUri, ratnaprabhasUri, hemacaMdrasUri, devabhadrasUri, amaracaMdrasUri, jevA aneka jainAcAryo ane paMDita dhanapAla, kavi zrIpAla, yazazcaMdra, vijayapAla, Asala, kumArapAla-rAjA, durlabharAja, jagadeva, vAgbhaTa ane vastupAla jevA vidyApriya gRhastha vidvAnoe prAkRta ane saMskRta bhASAmAM aneka noMdhapAtra kRtio racI che. caMdragacchanA eka jaina munie saMskRta bhASAmAM stragdharA chaMdamAM 'jinazataka' 2010_03

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gujarAtanuM jaina saMskRta-prAkRta sAhitya 175 nAmanuM stotra racyuM (I.sa. 949) che. temAM jinezvaranAM caraNa, hasta, mukha ane vANI e cAra varyu viSayo pacIsa zlokomAM vibhakta che. te uparAMta temaNe "caMdradUta' nAmanuM 23 padonuM kAvya ane "munipaticarita' nAme graMtha paNa racyo che. prasiddha kavi dhanapAle 'pAiyalacchI nAmamAtA' nAmano prasiddha graMtha racyo che. prAkRta bhASAno A prathama kozagraMtha manAya che. AcArya hemacaMdra paNa "abhidhAna ciMtAmaNi" mAM teno ullekha karyo che. temaNe anya koza graMthonI paNa racanA karI hovAnI saMbhAvanA che. kavi dhanapAle suMdara sulalita gadyamAM bANanI "kAdaMbarI jevo tilakamaMjarI' nAmanI saMskRta kathAgraMtha paNa racyo che. te temanI uttamakoTinI racanA che. te uparAMta temanI vIrastava, RSabhapaMcAzikA, sAvayavihI vagere saMskRta-prAkRta racanAo ane TIkAgraMtho paNa prApta thAya che. kavi dhanapAlanA bhAI zobhana munie zabdAlaMkAra, yamaka ane anuprAsa temaja vividha alaMkArothI sabhara "jinacaturvizatikA' nAmanI jinastuti 96 saMskRta padyomAM racI che. I.sa.nI dazamI zatAbdImAM caMdragacchanA padyumnasUrie saMskRtamAM "mUlazuddhi prakaraNa'nI ane UpakezagacchanA devaguptasUrie 137 prAkRta gAthAomAM "nava-payaraNa" nAmaka graMthanI racanA karI che. A ja samayamAM vidvAna ane kathAsAhityakAra evA jinezvarasUrie saMskRta bhASAmAM paMcaliMgI prakaraNa, SaTasthAna prakaraNa, hAribhadrIya aSTakavRtti jevA saiddhAMtika tathA dArzanika graMtho tathA prAkRta bhASAmAM lIlAvatI kaho, kahANayakosa jevA uttama kathAgraMtho racyA che. "paMcagraMthI" nAmanA 7000 zloka parimANanA saMskRta vyAkaraNagraMthanI racanA AcArya buddhisAgarasUrie (I.sa. 1024) karI che. zvetAMbara jainonuM A sarvaprathama saMskRta vyAkaraNa gaNAya che. temaNe chaMda, nighaMTu, kAvya, nATaka, kathA, prabaMdha vagerenI racanA karyA hovAnA ullekho paNa maLe che. bRhadagacchanA haribhadrasUrie "baMdhasvAmitva' nAmanA karmagraMtha vize 650 zlokapramANa vRtti ane "Agamika vastuvicArasAra' vize 850 zloka pramANa vRttio (I.sa. 1116) racI che. te uparAMta "prazamaratiprakaraNa' vize 1500 zloka pramANa vivaraNa (i.sa. 1129) ane 500 zlokanI "kSetrasamAsavRtti" tathA "jabUdIpasaMgrahaNIvRtti paNa racI che. temanA A graMtho saMskRta bhASAmAM che. te sAthe temaNe prAkRta bhASAmAM 6para gAthAnA "munipaticarita' ane 6548 gAthAno zreyAMsanAthacaritanI paNa racanA karI che. dhanezvara munie paNa A ja samaya daramyAna 2500 gAthA parimANamAM rasa ane alaMkAronA suyojita vaividhyathI sabhara evA "surasuMdarI' nAme kathAgraMtha racyo che. 2010_03

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176 vividhA saMskRta-prAkRta-apabhraMza bhASAnA prakAMDa paMDita, ane pratibhAzALI kavi mahezvarasUrino nANapaMcamIkahA' nAmano prAkRta graMtha paNa khUba mahattvano ane lokabhogya banelo che. sulalita padoma ane gAthA chaMdamAM lakhAyelI tenI dasa kathAomAMthI bhaviSyadatta kathA khUba prasiddhi pAmI che 2000 gAthAomAM racAyelA A graMthanI dareka kathAmAM jJAnapaMcamIno mahimA banAvavAmAM Avyo che. - AcArya jinezvarasUrinA ziSya abhayadevasUrie nava aMga-Agamo upara TIkA racIne navAMgI vRttikAra tarIke khyAti meLavI che. AcArya nemacaMdrasUri (devendramaNi) e uttarAdhyayana sUtra vize saMskRtamAM 14000 zloka-parimANa vRtti racI (I.sa. 1073) che ane prAkRta bhASAmAM 41 adhikAramAM vibhakta evA kathAkoza "AkhyAnakamaNikoza' nAmano graMtha lakhyo che. 3OO0 prAkRta zlokomAM "vIrajinacarita' nI paNa racanA karI che. prAkRta bhASAmAM racAyeluM 12025 gAthAnuM devabhadrasUri racita "mahAvIracarita' gAthAsaMkhyAnI daSTie kadAca sauthI vistRta carita gaNAya che. te ATha prastAvomAM vibhakta che. temaNe prAkRtamAM 11500 zlokano "kahArayaNakosa paNa Apyo che. te sAthe "pArzvanAthacarita', "anaMtanAthastotra', "vItarAgasva' uparAMta darzanaviSayaka pramANaprakAza' nAmano graMtha paNa lakhyo che. - vardhamAnasUri racita 15000 gAthAnuM manoramAcarita' prAkRta bhASAmAM racAyeluM suMdara kAvya che. temaNe 1100 zloka pramANa AdinAthacarita paNa prAkRtamAM lakhyuM che. A samayagALAmAM devacaMdrasUri, jinadattasUri, caMdraprabhasUri, dharmaghoSasUri tathA zrIpAla kavi vageree aneka saMskRta-prAkRta racanAo karI che. gujarAtanA itihAsamAM kalikAlasarvajJa tarIke oLakhAyelA AcArya hemacaMdrasUri (I.sa. 1089-1173) e saMskArapriya rAjA siddharAjanA ane kumArapALanA rAjyakALa daramyAna saMskRta-prAkRta bhASAmAM aneka uttama kRtionI racanA karIne samagra bhAratanA sAhityAcArya svarUpe advitIya sthAna prApta karyuM che. temanI pratibhA sarvatomukhI hatI. temaNe siddhahemacaMdrazabdAnuzAsana nAmano sImAcihnarUpa vyAkaraNagraMtha taiyAra karyo. "abhidhAnaciMtAmaNi", "anekArthasaMgraha', nighaMTukoza' ane dezInAmamAlA' jevA zabdakozo, dhAtupArAyaNaSa liMgAnuzAsana, prAkRta vyAkaraNa ane enA eka bhAgarUpa apabhraMza vyAkaraNanI sarvaprathama racanA karI. chaMdonuzAsana' jevo chaMdazAstrano graMtha; "pramANamImAMsA', "anyayoddhAtrizikA' ane "vedAMkuza' jevA darzanagraMtho; saMskRta-prAkRta dvAyAzraya jevAM aitihAsika kAvyo; triSaSTizalAkApuruSa' ane pariziSTa parva jevAM purANakAvyo, yogazAstra jevo yogaviSayaka graMtha, ahiMnnIti jevo nItiviSayano 2010_03

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gujarAtanuM jaina saMskRta-prAkRta sAhitya graMtha ane aneka stutikAvyo racIne potAnI jJAna-vidyAnI upAsanA ane sAhityanA kSetramAM pravartatI vaividhyapUrNa pratibhAno suSu paricaya karAvyo che. aMgreja vidvAna piTarsane temane 'jJAnamahodadhi'nuM biruda ApyuM hatuM. 177 tatkAlIna samayamAM racAyelI saMskRta-prAkRta kRtiomAM kakkasUrinA 'mImAMsA', 'jinacaityavaMdanavidhi' ane 'paMcapramANikAvidhi' nAmanA graMtho; bhadrezvarasUrino 'kahAvalI' graMtha; AgamasAhityanA prasiddha TIkAkAra malayagirisUrinI TIkA-vRttio tathA 'zabdAnuzAsana' graMtha; maladhArI hemacaMdrasUrinI TIkAo ane 'jIvasamAsavivaraNa', 'bhavabhAvanA', 'vizeSAvazyaka-bRhadavRtti', 'upadezamAlA prakaraNa' vagere racanAo ane jinaprabhasUrinI 'jJAnaprakAzakulaka','malTicarita, nemanAtharAsa, yugAdijinakulaka, zrAvakavidhiprakaraNa, munisuvratasvAmIstotra vagere racanAo noMdhapAtra che. A uparAMta bIjA aneka graMthakAronI prAkRta-saMskRta bhASAmAM racAyelI kRtio paNa upalabdha thAya . che. caudamI sadIthI sattaramI sadI daramyAna paNa saMskRta-prAkRta bhASAmAM jaina sAhityanA sarjananI pravRtti cAlu rahI che.jaina munioe prAcIna graMthakAronI praNAlI cAlu rAkhavA sAthe sAhityaprakAromAM paNa vaividhya darzAvyuM. vijJaptipatro, samasyApUrtio, anekArthaka kAvyo, anekasaMdhAna kAvyo, dezI DhALomAM saMskRta stavano, auSadha-maMtra garbhita stotro, saMskRta-prAkRta mizra bhASAmAM racAtI kRtio-Ama anekavidha prakAre sAhityasarjana cAlu rahyuM hatuM. sattaramI sadImAM jJAnavimalasUri (nayavimalaNa) e saMskRta, prAkRta ane jUnI gujarAtI bhASAmAM aneka kRtionuM sarjana karyuM che. te bahudhA sAMpradAyika paripATInuM che, paraMtu tenI alaMkAraracanA, padyabaMdha, dRSTAMtabodha, bhASAprauDhI vagere prazasya che. temaNe saMskRtamAM 'praznavyAkaraNasUtra-vRtti','gadyabaddha zrIpAlacaritra', 'saMsAradAvAnala stuti' ane 'praznadvAtriMzikA-stotra' temaja prAkRta bhASAmAM 'narabhavadeSTAMto-panayamAlA' racyAM che. yazovijaya upAdhyAya (javijaya) paNa jaina paraMparAnA pratibhAzALI vidvAna hatA. yogazAstranA abhyAsI lekhe bIjA haribhadrasUrirUpe tathA zrutajJAnamAM bIjA hemacaMdracAryarUpe temanI gaNanA thayelI che. jainazAstro uparAMta vaidika ane bauddhagraMthonuM gahana adhyayana karanAra tathA sAMpradAyikatAthI para rahIne nirbhayatAthI svamatane pragaTa karanAra yazovijaye jainetaromAM paNa UMcI koTinA samanvayakAra ane maulika zAsrakAra tarIke nAmanA meLavI che. temaNe saMskRta, prAkRta, hiMdI ane gujarAtI bhASAmAM aneka gadya ane padya kRtio racI che. temAM viSayavaividhya paNa ghaNuM che. jJAnamImAMsA, nyAya, tarkazAstra, paramatasamIkSA, AdhyAtmavicAra, stuti-vagere vize temaNe racelA graMthomAM 2o10_03

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178 vividhA jaina tarkaparibhASA', "nayapradIpa', "nayarahasya", "jJAnabindu', "adhyAtmasAra, yatilakSaNasamuccaya, devadharmaparIkSA, pratibhAzataka, bhASArahasya, gurunyAyaloka, dvADhizikA, syAdavAdakalpalatA, vairAgyakalpalatA, upadeza rahasya, karmaprakRtiTIkA, dharmaparIkSAsaMvRtti, muktAzakti vagare mahattvanA che temane nyAyavizArada ane nyAyAcAryanuM biruda paNa ApavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. jaina zrutanI sAthe sAthe saMskRta-prAkRta paNa apabhraMza bhASAnA abhyAsI samayasuMdare paNa "bhAvazataka', "rUpakamAlAavacUri', vicArazataka', "raghuvaMza TIkA vagere saMskRta graMthonI racanA karI che. - vinayavijaya upAdhyAye saMskRta bhASAmAM zAstrIya graMthonI racanA karI che. temaNe "sukhabodhikA TIkA "lokaprakAza' nAmano mahAgraMtha, 'haimalaghuprakriyA'no vyAkaraNagraMtha ane nayakarNikA nAmano naya vizenA 23 zlokonA laghu graMtha-saMskRta bhASAmAM racyA che. jaina muni kSemavijaya pAsethI "kalpasUtra bAlAvabodha' tathA padmasuMdaragaNi pAsethI bhagavatIsUtra para bAlAvabodha' graMtho paNa saMskRta bhASAmAM racAyelA maLe che. kharataragacchanA muni sahajakIrtie kalpasUtra para kalpamaMjarI nAmanI vRtti, phalavardhipArzvanAtha mAhAbhya nAmanuM mahAkAvya, zabdArNava vyAkaraNa vagere graMthonI racanA saMskRta bhASAmAM karI che. gujarAtamAM kramazaH sAhityika bhASA tarIke gujarAtI bhASAno vikAsa thatA saMskRta-prAkRta bhASAmAM racAtI kRtionI saMkhyA ochI thatI gaI. to paNa saMskRtaprAkRta bhASAnA prakAMDa vidvAna evA jaina AcAryo ane vidvAnonuM pradAna A kSetramAM cAlu rahe che. I.sa. 1801 nI AsapAsa padmavijayagaNie saMskRta gadyamAM jayAnaMdacarita'nI racanA karI che. A graMtha 14 sargomAM vibhakta che. adyApiparyata tIrthakaronA caritrane varNavatA mahAkAvyo ke anya prasaMgone varNavatA ane guru-AcAryonI prazasti karatAM mahAkAvyo saMskRta bhASAmAM racAtAM rahyAM che. A pramANe gujarAtamAM saMskRta ane prAkRta bhASAmAM racAyelI sAhityakRtio vipula saMkhyAmAM upalabdha thAya che. temAM viSaya vaividhyanI sAthe svarUpavaividhya paNa jovA maLe che. nirUpaNa paddhati, chaMda-alaMkArano viniyoga, rasaniSpatti, abhivyakti paratve thayelA prayogo vagere daSTie A sAhitya noMdhapAtra che. hastapratorUpe ke mudrita svarUpe maLatI A kRtiono mahad udeza jaina dharmanI dezanAno che. jaina dharmanA AcAravicAra ane siddhAMtone sAmAnya janatA sudhI pahoMcADavAmAM prAkRta kathAsAhitye ghaNuM moTuM pradAna karyuM che. aneka saMkhyAmAM racAyelA kathAkozo ane jaina vidvAnoe prAkRta bhASAmAM racelI kathAo to bhAratIya sAhityamAM eka viziSTa arpaNa che. A prAkRta bhASA sAhitya gujarAtanI anokhI saMpatti che. mukhyatve to solaMkIkALane teno suvarNayuga 2010_03

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gujarAtanuM jaina saMskRta-prAkRta sAhitya gaNavo joIe. e gALAmAM jainAcAryoe mAtra dhArmika ja nahi paNa laukika AkhyAno racIne prAkRta sAhityane samRddha karyuM. saMskRta bhASAmAM paNa AkhyAno ane kathAnako racAyAM. A kathAone lokabhogya ane hRdayaMgama banAvavA vArtA, AkhyAna, upamA, saMvAda, subhASita, samasyApUrti, praznottara prehilikA vagereno paNa AdhAra lIdho. jainAcAryo dvArA racAyelI kathAomAM sAdhu-sAdhvI, zrAvaka-zrAvikA, daridra, cora, jugArI, aparAdhI, dhUrta, vezyA, ceTI, dyUta vagere sAmAjika staranA vividha pAtronuM nirUpaNa karyuM che. 'samarAiccakahA' ke 'kuvalayamAlA' jevI bRhad kathAAmAM janasamAjanuM vyApaka ane vividhalakSI paNa rasapUrNa nirUpaNa thayuM che. vividha sthaLe vivaraNa karatA jaina sAdhuo te te dezanuM lokajIvana, rUDhi, rItirIvAjo ane lokabhASA AdinuM nirIkSaNa karIne tenI vizeSatAone manorama rIte kRtimAM gUMthI letA. tenuM kendrabindu dharmadezanA ke jaina dharmanA pracAra-prasAranuM hovA chatAM temAMthI tatkAlIna sAmAjika, rAjakIya, sAMskRtika vagere dRSTie anekavidha mAhitI upalabdha thAya che. jUnI gujarAtI bhASAmAM racAyelA ghaNA graMthono mULa srota A prAkRta-saMskRtamAM racAyelA vipula samRddha jainasAhityamAM che. 2010_03 179

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180 upaniSada yadyapyenat zuSkAya sthANeva brUyAt jAyerannevAsmin zAkhAH praroheyuH palAzAnIti // [chAM.68 ] A (jJAna) ekAda sUkA ThUMThA AgaLa paNa vANI dvArA vyakta karavAmAM Ave to temAM paNa zAkhAo phUTaze ane pAMdaDA UgI nIkaLaze. vividhA 1. upaniSadonuM mahattva : bhAratIya darzananI gaMgotrI te A upaniSado che. pleTonA saMvAdonA jevuM ja upaniSadonuM bhArata varSanA tattvajJAna tathA dharmanA itihAsamAM sthAna che. Ama to upaniSado e 'veda' no ja eka bhAga-aMtima bhAga che. "veda" zabda jJAnano paryAya che. arthAt jJAnapradhAna sAhitya te veda che. A "veda" sAhityamAM arthAt vaidika sAhityamAM Rgveda, yajurveda, sAmaveda tathA atharvaveda e cAra vedono, zatapatha brAhmaNa, gopatha brAhmaNa vagere brAhmaNa sAhityano, araNyamAM racAyelAM jJAna tathA ciMtanapradhAna AraNyakono ane saMpUrNapaNe jJAnakANDamAM jeno samAveza thAya che evAM upaniSadono samAveza thAya che. A 'veda' sAhityanA anta arthAt cheDe upaniSado che ane ethI A upaniSadone vedAnta kahevAmAM AvyAM che. paNa A to sthULa arthamAM "vedAnta" zabdanI samajUtI thaI. vastutaH "anta" eTale sAra, nicoDa, aMtima lakSya, ane A arthamAM upaniSadomAM vaidika sAhityano nicoDa, sAra, arthAt eno sArabhUta arka rahelo che. upaniSado AraNyaka sAhityanA ja viziSTa aMga che ane Rgveda kALathI AraMbhAyelI AryonI "satya" saMzodhananI mathAmaNano nicoDa A upaniSadomAM prApta thAya che. jIva,jagata tathA jagatanA sarjanahAra jagadIza ane jIvAtmA tathA paramAtmA vaccenA saMbaMdha vizenA mULabhUta ane tAtvika prazno-samasyAonI khUba ja sacoTa vicAraNA A upaniSada sAhityamAM thayelI che. AryonuM jIvanadarzana keTaluM unnata tathA udAtta hatuM enI jhAMkhI paNa ApaNane A upaniSada sAhityathI thAya che. bhArata varSanA dArzanika siddhAMto tathA dhArmika siddhAMtono mULa srotra A upaniSado che. A jJAnano sAgara evAM upaniSado e to AdhyAtmika mAnasarovara che jemAMthI aneka jJAnagaMgAo pragaTelI che je adhyApiparyaMta vizvanA dareka mumukSu tathA jijJAsunA jIvanane pAvana ane unnata kare che. upaniSado, brahmasUtra tathA bhagavadgItA-e traNa hindu dharma tathA darzananI prasthAnatrayImAM paNa upaniSadonuM sthAna tathA mahattva khUba ja vizeSa ane ananya che. kAraNa ke upaniSadomaM je vistAra ane vigatapUrNa nirupaNa che teno ja sAra=arka gItAmAM che. A arthamAM ja upaniSadone gAyo kahI che ane emAMthI je amRtarUpI dUdha kRSNa bhagavAne dohyuM che te ja A gItApAtramAM mUkela che. brahmasUtromAM 2010_03

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upaniSada 181 paNa upaniSadomAM je che tenAthI bhinna ke vizeSa kaMI kaheluM nathI. upaniSadonA ja bhinna bhinna deza kALanA aneka RSioe je satyonuM darzana karyuM te ja A upaniSadomAM saMgRhita che paNa temAM "ekasUtratA" lAvavA mATe ja brahmasUtronI racanA thaI che. arthAta upaniSadonA ja vera-vikhera siddhAMtone A brahmasUtromAM vyavasthita siddhAMtanusAra goThavIne rajU karelA che. bhAratIya saMskRtinI unnata vicAradhArA, gahana ciMtana, dhArmika anubhUti ane AdhyAtmika rahasyone ukelavAnI tIvra tamannA A graMthomAM sAkAra thayelI dekhAya che. bhAratIya janasamAjanI jAgarUka zraddhAno AdhAra A graMtho che. parabrahma, jIvatattva, jIvAtmA tathA paramAtmA vacceno saMbaMdha, parama tattva sAthe mAyAne saMbaMdha anAdi ke amuka kAlIna che ?- vagere prazno vizenA A upaniSadonA ukela khUba zraddheya che. parabrahma jevA niraMjana, nirAkAra, asaMga ane sarva rIte vANIgocara nahi arthAt avarNanIya eTale ke acinya evA tattvonuM jJAna tarkathI ke nyAyathI maLe nahi. temanA svarupa vize upaniSadomAM je AmapuruSo evA RSionAM je darzano Revealations che tenA para saMpUrNa zraddhA rAkhavI joIe. kAraNa ke upaniSadonuM je navanIta che te A RSionI varSonI tasyAnA phaLarUpa anubhavanI vANI che. A paramatattva-parabrahma paNa anubhavavAnI vastu che. te jANavAnI vastu ja nathI. It is to be realised and not to be known and attained. e parama tattva indriyo ke mana-buddhi vagere antaHkaraNono paNa viSaya nathI. AtmA vaDe ja AtmAnI aparokSa anubhUti thaI zake. RSionI A anubhavavANI che ane mATe ja zraddheya che. mAtra bhAratavarSanA ja nahi paNa vizvanA darzana sAhityamAM upaniSadonuM pradAna ananya che. vicAronI gahanatA, sarvasparzitA ane satyanI lagolaga pahoMcavAnI khevanAmAM A upaniSadonA RSiono joTo jaDe ema nathI. Aje jayAre Akhu vizva bhautika samRddhi pAchaLa sukhanI AzAthI doDI rahyuM che ane saMgharSo, azAMti ane svArthaparAyaNatAmAM rAcI rahyuM che, ane "Eat, Drink and be merry"."khAva, pIvo ane mojamajA karo"- e ja jyAre darekanuM ekamAtra lakSya hoya tyAre mAnavanA bdha ane Atura AtmAne zANapaNa, sAcI zAMti ane saMtRpti ApavAnI samarthatA mAtra A upaniSadomAM ja che ema niHzaMkapaNe kahI zakAya. gItAno preraNAstrotra upaniSado che. upaniSadonI AdhArazilA upara ja gItAno mahela caNAyelo che. AthI ja bhagavadgItAnI pumbikAmAM kahyuM che ke, "mavItA, 3paniSatna''arthAt bhagavadgItA-paNa upaniSadamAM chete gItAmAM che ane gItAmAM che te upaniSadamAM che. gItAnA mAhAbhyamAM kahyuM che : sarvopaniSado gAvo dogdhA gopAlanandanaH / pArtho vatsaH sudhirbhoktA dugdhaM gItAmRtaM mahat / / 2010_03

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182 vividhA arthAtu badhAM upaniSado gAyo che. bhagavAna gopAlanandana-kRSNa e gAyone dohanArA che. arjuna e vAcharaDo che ane mahAna gItAjJAnarUpI amRta e dUdha che ane sArI buddhivALA manuSyo e amRtarUpI dUdhanA bhoktA che. arthAt TUMkamAM upaniSadono sAra A gItAmAM rajU thayela che. abhivyaktiI dRSTie tathA vicAro ane siddhAMtonI dRSTie paNa gItAnuM upaniSado sAthe ghaNuM sAmya che. gItAnA "anAsakta karmayoga" e mahAna siddhAMtanA bIja IzAvAsyopaniSadanA prathama maMtramAM ja maLe che : IzAvAsyamidaM sarva yatkicca jagatyAM jagat / tena tyaktena bhujjithA mA gRdhaH kasya sviddhanam // A jagatamAM je kaMI sthAvara-jaMgama che te badhuM IzathI IzvarathI vyApta che. mATe tyAganI bhAvanAthI bhogavavuM joIe. dhanano lobha rAkhavo joIe nahi. dhana vastutaH konuM che ? Ama gItAmAM pratipAdita ane mahAtmA gAMdhIjI tathA lokamAnya tilaka jevA mahAna vidvAno vaDe samarthita "anAsakta karmayoga"no siddhAMta bhAratIya darzana-sAhityamAM khUba ja mahattvano che. ane e siddhAMtanuM bIja paNa IzAvAsyopaniSadamAM ApaNI prAcIna bhAratavarSanA RSio, munio, saMto, kavio tathA payagaMbaroe nitya sukhanI upalabdhi mATe je sudIrgha kALa paryata tapasyA karI ane manana, ciMtana tathA nididhyAsana karyuM tenA ja paripAkarUpe A "upaniSadono amara vAraso prApta thayo che. dharma, artha, kAma tathA mokSa-A cAra ApaNA darzanamAM prAptavya artho-puruSArtho gaNAyA che. temAM paNa dharma, artha tathA kAma e traNa gRhasthAzramanAsaMsAramAM rahIne karavAnA puruSArtha gaNAya che. jayAre "mokSa" e paramArtha siddha karavo e darekanuM carama lakSya che. zaMkarAcArya jevAnA matAnusAra saMsArano tyAga karIne jJAnathI ja arthAt brahmajJAnathI ja te siddha thaI zake che. mokSa eTale mukti, arthAt chUTI javuM te, eTale ke saMsAranA trividha duHkhomAMthI sadAne mATe tathA samULagI rIte chUTI javuM te ja mokSa che. ajJAna, pApa tathA A badhAM AdhyAtmika, Adhidaivika tathA Adhibhautika duHkho e baMdhana che ane temAMthI chUTavuM e mANasamAtrano carama uddeza chearthAt e ja parama puruSArtha che. e puruSArthane siddha karavA mATe ja upaniSado jevA darzanagraMtho pragaTyA che. darekano aMtaryAmI AtmA te ja sarvatra vyApya evo paramAtmA che. mAtmA brahma, bra m sarva, marda brahmAzmi | jevAM upaniSadanAM rahasmaya vacaneno sAra e ja che ke AtmA e ja paramAtmA che. te ja sat, cit ane AnaMdasvarUpa che. te aja ane anAdi tathA anaMta che. te kUTastha nitya che. "satyam, zivaM, sundaram' paNa te ja che ane te brahma ja "satyaM jJAnaM mana drA'- che. mAnavaM brA', "mAnavaM prAptavA 2010_03

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upaniSada 183 mAnano bhavati', "manAva na mUtAni nAyane", "nana navanti' - A pramANe bhRguRSi jevA vijJa mahAtmAoe Anandasvarupa brahmanI anubhUti karI che ane temaNe e paNa anubhavyuM ce ke Anandasvarupa brahma e ja sarvatra che. "ne nAti vikrapzana'', - ahIM e AnaMdadhanarUpa brahmathI bhinna kaMI che ja naha. Ama A vizvasarjanane paNa tevA RSio AnaMdarUpa darzAve che. A RSionI ArmAnubhUti che, A temanI jJAnanI niSpatti tathA samajazaktinI phalazruti che. AvA Anandasvarupane pAmanAra kyAreya du:khI ke hatAza thato nathI, te du:khAdithI kyAreya Darato nathI. A ja AzayathI upaniSada kahe che mAnavaM brahmA vidvAna = vipati vAn ! AvA jJAnanI maharSionuM jIvana svArthaparaka na hatuM. temano jIvanamaMtra to vahunanahitAya tathA vahunanavIya jIvavAno hato. potAne je Anandasvarupa parama tattvanI anubhUti thaI ane tenuM satyasvarUpa sAMpaDyuM te parama satya ane AnaMdAnubhava sarva sAthe vaheMcavo ene te rIte sarvane samarpavo e temanI tamannA hatI. A tamannAnA pariNAma svarUpe, potAnA AnandAnubhavane, sarvano anubhava banAvavAnA zubha AzayathI upaniSadonA mathe temaNe A mArga cIMdhyo. brahma athavA IzvaranuM svarupa zuM che? jIvAtmA kyAM tattvono banelo che ? saMsAranI racanA kyA tatthI thaI che ? svarga ke narakamAM jIvanI sthiti keTalo samaya rahe che ? dehanI utpatti pahelAM paNa zuM dehIAtmA astitvamAM hato ? AtmA ane paramAtmA vacce zuM saMbaMdha che ? mANasomAM sukha duHkhAdinA bheda zene AbhArI che ? A jagatanuM kAraNa zuM? A tAtvika prazno dareka jijJAsu sAdhakanA manamAM sahajapaNe udbhave ja. vedAntamAM arthAt upaniSadomAM A praznono uttara elo badho pUrNataH vaijJAnika tathA saMtoSaprada che ke pratyeka jijJAsunA mana para teno prabhAva paDyA vagara rahe nahi ja. (1) upaniSadonA mahattvathI mugdha videzI vidvAnomAM prathama che - araba dezanA vidvAna albarUnI. te agiyAramI sadImAM bhAratavarSamAM AvyA hatA, ane saMskRta bhASAnuM adhyayana karyuM hatuM ane upaniSadonI sArasvarUpa bhagavadgItA para to te vidvAna phidA thaI gayA hatA. gItAnI emaNe karelI prazaMsA e upaniSadonI ja prazaMsA che ema samajavuM joIe. (2) mogala bAdazAha zAhajahAMnA putra dArAzikohanuM sthAna paNa upaniSadonA mahattvathI mugdha vidvAnomAM khUba AgaLa paDatuM che. potAnA bhAI auraMgajhebanI jema te kaTTara jhanUnI musalamAna hato nahi. teNe upaniSadonA mahAbhya vize sAMbhaLyuM hatuM. upaniSadanA bhASAMtara vizenI mAhitI ApatAM te jaNAve che ke tene kAzmIranA saMta hajarata mullAMzAhanA saMparkamAM AvavAthI upaniSadomAM rasa utpanna thayo ane teNe 2010_03

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vividhA i.sa. 1637 mAM lAkhonI saMpatti kharca "sinheM annakU" (mahA rahasya) nAmano 50 upaniSadono phArasI bhASAmAM anuvAda taiyAra karAvyo. te A upaniSada sAhitya vize kahe che - "mane mArA manane mUMjhavatI samasyAonA je kaMI khulAsA anyatra maLyA nathI te khulAsA mane ahIM upaniSadomAM maLyA che. kurAnanA vAkyanA bhAva upaniSadamAM pratibimba pAmatA jaNAya che. mane je anyatra jaNAyuM nathI te emAMthI jaNAya che. A tarajumo karAvavAno mAro hetu evo che ke mAre pote A vidyA bhaNavI ane samajavI tatha mArA vAlIvAraso, mitro tathA khudAnI jema khoja karanArA che temane A tarajumAthI lAbha Apavo. A tarajumAMnuM nAma eTale "rei alarjI'" "mahAna gupta vidyA'" rAkhavAmAM AvyuM che. je lAko khudanA pustaka tarIke ane samajI, khoTA khyAlo ane virodhI bhAvo mUkI daI A tarajumo vAMcaze ane samajaze teo A duniyAnA baMdhanamAMthI chUTaze''. 184 (3) upaniSadonA jJAna-mAhAtmyathI mugdha hoya evA trIjA mahAna tattvajJa te zopana hAvara che. dArAzikohe upaniSadonuM phArasImAM bhASAMtara karAvyuM ane e rIte upaniSadonA pracAra ane prasAramAM nimitta banyA. A phArasI tarajumA parathI enkaveTIla Dyu perone tenuM 1801-1802 mAM leTinamAM bhASAMtara taiyAra karAvyuM. A tUTaka bhASAMtara vikhyAta jarmana tattva ciMtaka zopena hAvaranA hAthamAM AvyuM. A bhASAMtaranI temanA para UMDI asara thaI ane temaNe upaniSadone je bhavya aMjali ApI te to Aje suvikhyAta banI cUkI che. A zopena hAvara tattvaciMtaka aitihAsika tattvadarzanothI suparicita hatA ane potAnA tattvadarzana sivAya anyanI vicArasaraNInI atizayoktibharI prazaMsA karavAno temano Adarza paNa nahi ja. A zopena hAvara upaniSado vize vade che :- "In the whole world, there is no philosophy, so beneficial and so elevating as that of the Upnishads." temanuM AkhuM avataraNa gujarAtImAM joie-'upaniSadoe vartamAna saikAomAM jIvanAra manuSyo upara pAchalA saikAmAM jIvana gALanAra karatAM vadhAre upakAra karyo che. mArA abhiprAya pramANe paMdaramAM saikAmAM grIka sAhityanA punaruddhAra vaDa je asara thaI hatI tenAthI koI rIte ochI asa2 saMskRta sAhityanA punaruddhArathI thavAnI nathI jo vAcakane purANA hinduonA jJAnanI prApti thaI haze ane te pacyA haze, to mArA siddhAMtane samajavAno tene mukhya adhikAra che tema huM samajIza...AkhA vizvamAM mUlagraMtha vinA bhASAMtaranA rupamAM paNa koI graMthano abhyAsa lAbhadAyaka ane ApaNA manane UMcI dizAmAM laI janAra hoya to te A upaniSado ja che. te graMtho mArA jIvanano visAmo che ane prayANa paryaMta te vaDe mane zAMti maLatI raheze." svAmI vivekAnaMde paNa potAnAM vyAkhyAnomAM kahyuM che - "The Upanishads present to us the sublime in the most equistic poetry in the whole . 2010_03

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upaniSada world of literature" te AgaLa kahe che - ''huM jyAre upaniSado vAMcuM chuM tyAre mArI AMkhamAMthI AMsu vahevA lAge che. keTaluM mahAna A jJAna che ! ApaNA mATe e Avazyaka che ke upaniSadomAM rahelI tejasvitAne ApaNe jIvanamAM vizeSarUpe dhAraNa karIe. upaniSado to zaktinI khANa che.'' zrIyuta ramezacaMdra datta paNa svAmIjInA jevo ja bhAvodreka anubhave che. te kahe che - "khUba dUranA bhUtakaLanA utsAhapUrNa vicAro ane pAvaka paryeSaNAone vAMcatI vakhate koNa Adhunika samayamAM paNa hRdayamAM eka navo bhAva anubhavyA vagara ke potAnAM netro samakSa eka navuM ja teja nihALyA vagara rahI zake ?" 185 ''upaniSadonA abhyAsa" e pustikAmAM sanmAnya vinobA bhAve kahe che ''upaniSadono mahimA ghaNAe gAyo che. kavie kahyuM che, "himAlaya samo parvata nathI ana upaniSada samuM (jevuM) pustaka nathI." paNa mArI dRSTie upaniSada e pustaka ja nathI. e eka prAtibha darzana che. (prAtibha eTale pratibhAmAMthI pragaTeluM. pratibhA eTale prati=sAmu + bhA = prakAzavuM; arthAt evo guNa hoya ke IzvaranA prakAzamAM sAmo prakAzI zake. (paramAtmA prakAzasvarupa che. svayaMprakAza che ane enA aMtaryAmI svarupa jIvAtmA paNa tattvataHprakAzarUpa ja che. te prakAzasvarupane DhAMkanAra ke malina karanAra bAhya upAdhio tathA mamatva, lobha, moha IrSyA, asUyA, kAmanAo vagere mananA mela che. 2010_03

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lekhakaLA avya prakAzana 1. arvAcIna kavitAmAM vyakta thato bhaktino unmeSa (vivecana) I.sa. 1984 2. kavi sahajasuMdaranI rAsakRtio (prAcIna mULa hastapratone AdhAre saMpAdana ane samIkSA) I.sa. 1989 Do. harivallabha bhAyANInA mArgadarzanamAM saMpAdita pustako 3. padasUci, I.sa. 1990 4. dezIsUci, I.sa. 1991 5. pAMDavalA, I.sa. 1991 6. kRSNacaritra, I.sa. 1992 saMskArapreraka bALasAhitya 7. aDavo re aDavo (bALanATaka), I.sa. 1989 8. paheluM koNa ? (bALanATako), I.sa. 1990 9. mahAbhAratanAM pAtro (bALavArtA rUpe), I.sa. 1990 pAli ane prAkRta bhASAmAMthI anuvAdita (samIkSA sAthe) pustako 10. zrI paMcAstikAya saMgraha, I.sa. 1999 11. dravyasaMgraha, I.sa. 1998 12. bhikhupAtimokakha (DaoN. madhubena sena sAthe) 13, majijhamanikAya : samIkSAtmaka adhyayana, I.sa. 2001 14, bauddhadarzana ane saMskRtinI paraMparA, I.sa. 2004 15. bhavismayatta kaho, I.sa. 2003 16. therIgAthA, I.sa. 2007 17. merusuMdarakRta SaDAvazyaka bAlAvabodha, 2OO6 18, hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana, I.sa. 2001 anya 19. (vizvanAtha jAnIkRta) premapacIsI : saMpAdana ane samIkSA, I.sa. 2002 20. jaina zabdAvalI (anya sAthe), I.sa. 2000 21. gujarAtI sAhityakoza (madhyakAlIna), sahAyaka saMpA., gujarAta sAhitya pariSada dvArA prakAzita. 22. gujarAtI sAhityakoza (arvAcIna), sahAyaka saMpA., gujarAta sAhitya pariSada dvArA prakAzita. 2010_03