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જૈનદર્શનનાં વૈજ્ઞાનિક રહસ્યો
km/s since Olais Roemer's observations of Jupiter's moon in 1676. It is easy to imagine the existence of stars so massive that the escape velocity from their surface is greater than the velocity of light.
[Ibidem. P. 7] In an article read to Royal Society in 1783 and published later in Philosophical Transections, John Michell wrote: "If the semidiameter of a sphere of the same density with the sun were to exceed that of the sun in proportion of 500 to 1, a body falling from an infinite height towards it, would have acquired at its surface a greater velocity than light, and consequently, supposing light to be attracted by the same force in proportion to its vis inertiae, with other bodies, all light emitted from such a body would be made to return towards it, by its own proper gravity." A little later, in 1796, the mathematician and astronomer Pierre Simon, Marquis de Laplace, the prince of celestial mechanics, made similar remarks in his Exposition du systeme du monde. [Ibidem. P. 7] In 1911, while he was working at the University of Prague, Einstein calculated for the first time the deviation of light in a gravitational field. His results were to have been verified during the 1914 eclipse, but war was declared and the project abandoned. This was fartunate for Einstein, as his theory was not quite mature and his prediction would have been in error.
[Ibidem P. 56] Einstein perfected his General Relativity equations in November 1915 and published the results in the Berliner Berichte in the numbers dated 4, 11, 18 and 25 November.
[Ibidem P. 56]
The deviation of light ray passing close to the Sun was measured during the solar eclipse on 29 May, 1919 at Sobral (Brazil).
[I bidem, P. 56]
In December 1915, a month after Einstein published his equations of General Relativity, the German physicist Karl Schwarzschild discovered the solution which described the gravitational field surrounding a sphere in a vacuum.
[Ibidem P. 119] In a famous article in 1931, he (Indian astrophysicist Subramany an Chandrasekhar) proved that white dwarfs had a maximum allowed mass, and caculated this to be 1.4M
[Ibidem P. 75] White dwarf compact much of the mass of the star into a volume of the size of the Earth, while neutron star are smaller still only 20 kilometres across. [Black Holes, Quasars and The Universe by Harry L. Shipman. P. 25] Some investigators believe that the maximum mass of neutron stars is quite
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