Jain Dharm ka Prachin Itihas Part 02

Author(s): Parmanand Jain
Publisher: Rameshchandra Jain Motarwale Delhi
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/010227/1

Page #1
THE FREE INDOLOGICAL COLLECTION WWW.SANSKRITDOCUMENTS.ORG/TFIC FAIR USE DECLARATION This book is sourced from another online repository and provided to you at this site under the TFIC collection. It is provided under commonly held Fair Use guidelines for individual educational or research use. We believe that the book is in the public domain and public dissemination was the intent of the original repository. We applaud and support their work wholeheartedly and only provide this version of this book at this site to make it available to even more readers. We believe that cataloging plays a big part in finding valuable books and try to facilitate that, through our TFIC group efforts. In some cases, the original sources are no longer online or are very hard to access, or marked up in or provided in Indian languages, rather than the more widely used English language. TFIC tries to address these needs too. Our intent is to aid all these repositories and digitization projects and is in no way to undercut them. For more information about our mission and our fair use guidelines, please visit our website. Note that we provide this book and others because, to the best of our knowledge, they are in the public domain, in our jurisdiction. However, before downloading and using it, you must verify that it is legal for you, in your jurisdiction, to access and use this copy of the book. Please do not download this book in error. We may not be held responsible for any copyright or other legal violations. Placing this notice in the front of every book, serves to both alert you, and to relieve us of any responsibility. If you are the intellectual property owner of this or any other book in our collection, please email us, if you have any objections to how we present or provide this book here, or to our providing this book at all. We shall work with you immediately. -The TFIC Team.

Page #2

Page #3

Page #4

Page #5
bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 25sauveM nirvANa mahotsava ke upalakSya meM prakAzita jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa (dvitIya bhAga ) bhagavAna mahAvIra aura unakI saMgha-paramparA 10.664 preraka adhyAtma yogI pramukha prAcArya zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja sampAdaka va lekhaka paramAnanda zAstrI bhUtapUrva sampAdaka 'anekAnta' prakAzaka ramezacandra jaina moTaravAle rAjapura roDa, dillI

Page #6
prakAzaka : ramezacandra jaina pI0 esa0 jaina moTara kampanI rAjapura roDa, dillI prathamAvRtti vIra ni0 saMvat mUlya : 1100 2500 35.00 ( paiMtIsa rupaye ) mudraka : rAjasthAnI priMTiMga ejeMsI ke liye esa0 nArAyaNa eNDa saMsa ( priMTiMga pahAr3I dhIraja, dillI-6 phona: _513668

Page #7
C cAra napasyA sapAgala WORD Total H (CTIOW/mo arihaMtArAAM, UAmo siddhazAM, pAmo AyariyArANAmo34/mAyaMA mo lArAsatvasAhasA... WA soyasamAbakArI, Armed gayA mahi.pa . zrI 1008 bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI

Page #8

Page #9
samarpaNa jinake saujanya aura preraNA se maiM isa grantha kI racanA meM pravRtta huA, jinako jina sAhitya ke sRjana aura prakAzana kA sAhityAnurAga hai, jo jaina saMskRti ke pracAra prasAra meM barAbara apanA yogadAna pradAna karate rahate haiM, una pramukha AcArya adhyAtma yogI zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja kI sAdhanA se prerita hokara maiM yaha grantha unheM sAdara samarpita karatA huuN| -paramAnanda jaina zAstrI

Page #10
zrI 108 prAcAryaratna dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja kA zubhAzIrvAda svargIya prAtmA zrI dharmAnurAgI lA0 pratApa siMha ko sukha zAMti prApta ho / Apane apane jIvana dhArmika aura sAmAjika kArya kiye the, usako lekhanI dvArA jitanA bhI likheM utanA kama hI hai / hamAre di cAturmAsa meM lAlA pratApa siMha aura unakI dharmapatnI ilAyacI devI ne saMgha kI sevA tana, mana aura dhana usakA koI varNana nahI kara sakate / lAlA jI kI guru ke bAre meM jo zraddhA tathA bhakti thI vaha hRdaya se thI / la ne tana-mana se apanA karttavya samajha kara guru sevA aura anya dhArmika kArya apane hAthoM se karake atula puN kara iha para kA sAdhana juTA liyA aura satAna ko bhI apane anukaraNa karane yogya dharma aura laukika va sA sevA Adi karttavya karane kA saskAra tathA yogya zikSaNa dilavA kara manuSya ke kartavya karma para unako nir Apa hamezA ke lie sasAra se alaga hue| isa bAta se kuTumbA logoM kA hRdaya duHkha se dravita huA parantu lIlA atyanta vicitra hai usako koI brahma deva bhI parivartana nahI kara sakatA hai, phira manuSya kyA kara hai / ayodhyA kI pacakalyANaka pratiSThA kA bhAra apane Upara lekara guru kI AjJAnusAra kAma karake saMpU aura jainetara janatA ke hRdaya meM dharma kA tathA grahisA mArga kA jo prabhAva guru ke dvArA DalavAyA aura guru kA apane dvArA hI karavAyA, yaha saba apane pUrva janma meM kiyA puNya kA saMcaya thaa| Age bhI dharma kArya hone ka thI, parantu karma ne usa kAma ko karane nahIM diyA / tIrtha kSetra kI yAtrA karAkara puNya lAbha aura prabhAvanA aMga isase iha paraloka kA sAdhana juTAkara zoghra saMsAra se hamezA ke liye alaga hue| isa svargIya zrI lA0 pratApa' AtmA ko hamezA ke lie sukha zAMti mila aisA zrI bhagavAna jinendra deva se prArthanA karate hai / zrI svargIya lAlA pratApa siMha jI ke jIvana kI jhAkI ke anusAra unakI saMtAna tathA prati satA ke mArga kA anukaraNa karake zrI jinendra bhagavAna ke mArga ko baDhAve aura apane hRdaya meM satata dharma jAgRti ta mArga para calate hue samAja sevA bhI apane karttavya anusAra karate raheM hama unheM AzIrvAda dete haiM ki usa dharma zrAtmA ko zAMti ho / kuTumbiyoM ko dharma meM ruci bar3he / iti AzIrvAda / I

Page #11
zrI 108 prAcArya ranna dazabhUSaNa jI mahArAja

Page #12

Page #13

Page #14
- sva0 lA0 pratApa siMha jaina zrImati ilAyacI devI dha0 50 sva0 lA0 pratApasiMha jaina evaM unake suputra zrI rameza, zrI sudeza, zrI umeza, zrI subhASa, va zrI prabhASa jaina

Page #15
svargIya zrImAna lAlA pratApa siMha jo moTara vAloM ke saMbaMdha meM do zabda zrImAn lA0 pratApa siMha jI moTara vAloM ne apane jIvana meM dhArmika tathA sAmAjika kArya tathA sevA meM apanA amUlya samaya vyatIta kiyA hai / unake bAre meM jo kucha bhI likhA jAya thor3A hI hai| to bhI yahAM sakSepa meM jo dhArmika kArya apane jIvana meM lAnA jI ne kiye haiN| usa satkAryoM meM unakA nAma hamegA hamezA ke liye amara ho gayA hai| "na dharmo dhArmika vinA" dharma vinA dharmAtmA ke nahI calatA hai| sacamuca meM vaha dharmAtmA vyakti the, Apa zrI parama pUjya 108 AcArya dezabhUpaNa mahArAja thI kA prathama cAturmAsa jo dillI meM hanA thA taba me ApameM mahArAja zrI ke maMsarga se jo dhAmika pravRtti evaM dAna meM vigepa abhici utpanna huI thaa| tatpazcAt prApakI dharmapatnI zrImatI ilAyacI devA ne bhI vizeSa dharma kI adhici ragsa apane patideva ke anurUpa dharma kArya bhAra vigeparUpa meM uThAne kA prayAsa kiyaa| prathama jaba mahAgaja ke gagarga meM rahane kA adhika sAdhana prApta huA, usa samaya zrI mAghanadi prAcArya kRta 'zAstramAra samuccaya' mUna kannar3a grantha kA anuvAda hindI meM karAke chapavAne kA bhAra Apane svayaM uThA kara ma pUrNa jaina samAja ko zAstra dAna dekara mahAna puNya kA sapAdana kiyaa| yaha mahAn gaurava kI bAta hai| isa grantha ke dvArA kitane hI annAnI jiiv| ne jJAna prApta karake apanI prAtmA kA kalyANa kara liyA hai / Apa eka mahAn eva prAcArya zrI ne anyanya bhakta " / jAcAya thA ke mukha se nikale hue vacanoM kA kanI ullaghana nahIM karate the| kisI bhI dhArmika kAya ko mahArAja kahA vaha uma pUrA hI karate the| yaha unakI akhaMDa sAdhanA thii| dillI cAturmAsa dvitIya cAturmAsa kA sapUrNa bhAra svaya uThAkara Apane apane tana, mana, dhana meM paripUrNa sevA karake mahAna puNya kA sapAdana kiyA / cAturmAsa mamApta hone ke bAda Apane apane hI vyaya meM mahArAja kA sammada zikhara kI yAtrA ke nimitta sagha nikAla kara bihAra meM jana jenetaroM ko dharma upadeza kA lAbha dilAkara unako manmArga para lagAna kI ceSTA karate hue apane dhana kA sadupayoga kiyA / mahAna siddha kSetra sammeda zikharajI meM bhI apane dAna diyA ina pravRttiyoM se mahatpuNya kA saMpAdana kiyA prApaka 5 satputra hai| va bho Apake samAna Apake kadama para calata hai| sabase bar3e putra ramezacandra ne bhI atIva dhArmika abhiruci ke sAya apane pitAjI ke samAna anugamana kiyA tathA inaka cAra laghu bhrAtAno ne bhI pitAjo tathA apane jyeSTha bhrAtA aura apanI pUjya mAtA zrImatI ilAyacA davA kI prAjJA kA ullaghana na karate hue unhI kI AjJAnusAra lAMkika, dhArmika kAryoM kA sabhAlA hai| yaha atyanta gArava kI bAta hai ki mAtA, pitA kI mevA karane unake padacinhoM para calane vAlI sumatAna isa yuga meM durlabha hai| yaha mahAna gaurava kI bAta hai / isI taraha Age bhI hone vAlI saMtAna bhI inho kA anukaraNa kr| kalakattA cAturmAsa kalakattA ke caturmAsa meM varSAyoga pUrNa hone para Apa dharmapatnI sahita sagha kI sevA meM tatpara rhe| zrI lA0 pratApasiha jI tathA isake samadhI lA0 rAmezvaradayAla jI ina donoM ne mila karake dharma prabhAvanA ke sAtha saMgha kI sevA karake dharma lAbha uThAyA tatpazcAt zrI pratApasiha jI dharmapatnI sahita kalakattA se bihAra karane para zrI girirAja sammeda zigvara jI taka sevA meM tatpara rahe saMgha meM kisI bhI prakAra kA asatopa va sevA meM koI bhI truTi na pAne dI tathA saMgha meM kisI prakAra kA bhI sevA kI dRSTi se dhana kA bhI prabhAva nahIM Ane diyaa|

Page #16
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 tatpazcAt zikhara jI se saMgha kA vihAra karAke jaba zrI 1008 bAhu balijI ke darzanArtha dakSiNa meM dAnavIra, dharmavIra zrI nAthamalla jI kAzalIvAla ne saMgha nikAlakara, saMgha meM raha kara bAhubali jI ke darzana karAkara saMgha ko kolhApura meM caturmAsa karAyA; taba dillI kI jaina samAja ne punarapi caturmAsa kI prArthanA karake vApisa lAne meM lA pratArpAsaha jI moTara vAle, inakI dharmapatnI zrImatI ilAyacI devI ne apanI ora se pUrNatayA sahayoga dekara sagha kI prabhAvanA ke sAtha dillI lAkara apane tana, mana, dhana, se caturmAsa kI samApti taka pUrNa sevA karake dharma lAbha liyA / 6 ayodhyA paMcakalyANaka ayodhyA ke paMcakalyANaka meM jo vahAM kI prabhAvanA, sahAyatA kI zrAvazyakatA meM tAdAta se adhikatara lA0 pratArpAsah jI kI preraNA se lA0 rAmezvaradayAla jo, bajaragavalI jI inhI ke sahayoga se yaha pratiSThA sucArU rUpa se calakara vahAM zrI ayodhyA meM prajaina, brAhmaNoM, vidvAnAM eva mahantoM ne bhI isa pUjA pratiSThA kI atyanta prazasA kI tathA pUrNa sahayAga bhI diyA / lAlA pratApasiha jI ne apane parivAra ke sAtha vahA kI pUrNa javAbadArI apane Upara lekara 15-20 dina taka apanA sArA vyavasAya ityAdika pUrNatayA tyAgakara isa paMcakalyANaka meM pUrNatayA bhAga lekara apUrva puNya kA saMcaya kiyaa| unameM jana dhana ityAdi kI truTi na ho usa taraha se tana, mana, dhana se aura bhI mAdharmI jana bhAiyoM ke sAtha sevA meM tatpara raha / vahA paca kalyANaka meM lAkhoM rupayA se dAna meM asamartha evaM dIna logoM ko sahAyatA dekara una lAgA kI sucAru rUpa sagrajIvikA ityAdi kA bhAra bhI zrI rAmezvara dayAla jA aura Apa dAnAM na uThAyA thA pacakalyANaka ke pazcAt mahArAja jI kA cAturmAsa saMbhavatayA lakhanaU tathA vArAbakA meM hona kA pUrNa sambhAvanA thI / parantu ekAeka rAmmadaM |shkhr ke vizeSa mAmale ko lekara lAlA pratApasiha jI ne punaH prArthanA kI ki zrI zikhara jI kA mAmalA sabhavatayA rAjadhAnA meM caturmAsa hone se mulajha jAya to uttama rahagA aisA vicAra karake aura apane nijI kharca meM saMgha dillI lAkara unakI bhAvanA sevA karana kI prArthanA kI thI parantu akasmAta grAyu karma kI gati rukane se yA deva kA prakApa hAna se lAlA jI mahArAja kA sevA chor3akara pUrva puNya ke sahita paraloka sidhAra ge| kyoMki karma kisI ko bhI nahIM chor3atA / tIrthakara, cakravartI ityAdi kI bhI yahI sthiti hotI hai / yathA - "karma gati TArI nAhi TaraM" karma ne aise vIro kA bhI nahIM chor3A karma kI aisA vicitra gati hai / isa kahAvata ke anusAra lA0 pratApasiMha jI na mahArAja kI sevA se vaMcita hokara prayANa kiyA, karma ke Age kisI kA bhI vaza nahI calatA / lAlA pratApasiMha jAna apane puruSArtha se kamAye hue dhana ko aneka sthAnA para vitaraNa karake mahAna puNya kA saMcaya kiyA / Apane eka hAi skUla kholakara anakA jaina janatarAM ko vidyA dAna dekara unakI sevA karane kA unakA utthAna karane kA prayAsa kiyA thaa| isa prakAra unhAna aneka sthAnoM meM vidyA ke nimitta dAna skUla yA pAThazAlA kholakara dIna-hIna jano kA upakAra kiyA hai| nepAla, nAgapura, paMjAba, rohataka phirojAbAda, jayapura ityAdi sthAnoM para inakA kArya Aja bhI adhikAdhika rUpa se cala rahA hai| usI ke anukaraNa meM unakI dharma patnI ilAyacI devI ne bhI apanI sampUrNa susatAnI ko bhI nyAya mArga ke anurUpa pravartana kiyA hai| isa taraha unako bhI sanmArga meM lagAye hue pUrvavat apane vyavahArAdi sahita unake jIvana meM jo dhArmika abhiruci utpanna kI hai yaha apUrva bAna hai / lAlA pratArpAsaha jI ne apane jIvana ko jisa taraha bitAyA unakI hI paropakArI vRtti thii| sampUrNa vizva kA bAla gopAla jAnatA hai| Apa jaina va ajaina samAja kI dRSTi meM Adarza tathA mukhya vyakti the / prAja inake suputra zrI ramezacandra jI sAmAjika, dhArmika kAryoM meM apane tana, mana, dhana se sevArata hai, prastuta grantha inhIM ke saujanya se prakAzita ho rahA hai / ApakA parivAra hamezA hA cAroM dAnoM meM agraNI rahatA hai, prApake gupta dAna se kitane hI asamartha bhAI bahinoM kA jIvana saphalatA pUrvaka cala rahA hai, sArA parivAra pUrNa dhArmika vicAroM kA tathA gurU bhakta hai, hama inake parivAra kI ucca saphalatA kI kAmanA karate haiM / - vaidya premacanda jaina dillI /

Page #17
prAkkathana 'jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa aura mahAvIra saMgha paramparA' nAma kA yaha grantha paM0 paramAnanda zAstrI kA likhA huA hai| paramAnanda zAstrI jaina samAja ke prasiddha vidvAna haiN| grantha ke 416 peja maine maggarI nigAha me dekhe haiM yaha grantha bhagavAna mahavIra kI paccIsa sau vIM nirvANa jayantI ke upalakSya meM liyA gayA hai| isa punIta avasara para paramAnanda jI kA yaha grantha sarAhanIya mahatvapUrNa aura sarvatra saMgrAhya hai| grantha sundara hai jainAcAryo, apabhraMza kaviyoM aura bhaTTArakoM ke iti vRtta ke sAtha jaina saMgha kI parampaga para acchA prakAza DAlatA hai| grantha meM IsA pUrva tIsarI zatAvdI se 18 vIM zatAbdI taka ke, jo mahAna jainAcArya hae unakA kramika itihAsa maMkSipta hote hue bhI unako jIvana racanAmoM para paryApta prakAza DAlatA hai| grantha meM jaina dharma va saMskRti ke kRmika vikAsa kA maMkSipta va sarala rUpa dene kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| grantha kI prastAvanA meM 'thamaNa saMskRti' para acchA prakAza DAlA gayA hai| 'zramaNa' zabda ke do artha haiM, jo sabameM samatva dekhe vaha nirmohI saccA zramaNa hai, vaha sabako samabhAva se dekhatA hai| vaha apane aGga pratyaga me tapazcaryA kara AtmA ko UMcA uThAtA hai| isI bAta ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue zrI kundakundAcArya ne indriyoM kA nigraha karane kA upadeza diyA thaa| samasattu baMdhuvaggo samasukhadukkho psNsnnidsmo| samalodakaMcaNo puNa jIvita maraNo samo samaNo / / (pravacanasAra 3-41) jisane indriyoM kA nigraha kiyA, usane kyA nahIM kiyA hai / isI nigraha ke aneka prakAra haiM-zramaNoM ke kaI vibhAga, zramaNa, vAtagzanA, tapasvI Adi paThanIya haiN| Rgveda meM vAtarazanA aura kegI Adi ke nAma kI prApti prAnanda dAyinI hai, usame patA lagatA hai ki jaina saMskRti usa samaya meM pUrvatana thii| kaI vidvAna ise I0pU0 2500 varSa mAnate haiM, aura pAMcavIM sahasrAbdI me pUrva bhI kaI ne samajhA hai, kaI ne haDappA aura mohana jodar3oM meM isake pravazeSoM ko dekhA hai| zrI paramAnanda jI ne, jaina saMskRti ke bAre meM jo kucha likhA hai vaha saba adhyeya hai| jaina itihAsa kA itanA varNanAtmaka itihAsa aba taka hamAre sAmane nahIM pAyA hai| AzA hai ki anya bhAga bhI zIghra ho hamAre sAmane pahaMca kara chAtra maNDala kI jJAna vRddhi kreNge| __ lagabhaga 700 prAcAryoM evaM prAkRta, apabhraMza, saMskRta aura kannaDa bhASA ke lekhaka kaviyoM kA laghu paricaya racanAoM para TippaNiyA~ bahuta parizrama se saMkalita kI gaI haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke dvArA prArabdha dharma tathA jIvana paricaya se yaha racanA prArambha kara lekhaka ne gyAraha gaNadharoM, pAMca zruta kevaliyoM dvArA isa dharma ke pracAra kA ullekha karate hae jaina saMgha ke itihAsa kA bhI yathocita vistAra se vivecana kiyA hai| samagra sAhitya ke rUcikara adhyayana ke liye yaha pustaka paThanIya hai| grantha ke avalokana se patA calatA hai ki paramAnanda jI ne isake likhane meM mahAna zrama kiyA hai| unhoMne apane svAsthya kI vizeSa paravAha na karate hue grantha meM itanI adhika sAmagrI ekatrita kI hai| jo kArya bar3e 2 vidvAna bhI nahIM kara pAte use paramAnanda jI ne sampanna kiyA hai| vidvAna lekhaka ne jo parizrama kiyA hai

Page #18
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAga-bhAga 2 umakA mulya to pAThaka prAMkage hii| merI bhAvanA hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra kI kRpA se inakA bahata mamaya taka prAyupya vanA rahe-'bhavantu dIrghAyupaH zrI paramAnanda zAmviNaH' iti bhagavataH praarthyte'| ___ ina prAcAryo me me kaI kI jIvanI aura kaI para vidvAna lekhaka ne apanI aura me TippaNiyAM dI haiN| isa kArya kI mahattA samajhane ke liye kuvalayamAlA, lIlAvatI, dhUrtAkhyAna aura upamiti bhavaprapaMca kathA Adi ko dekhanA hitakara ho sakatA hai| hameM AzA hai ki samucita granthoM kA sAmAnya adhyayana bhI isa kArya meM mahAyaka hogaa| dazaratha zarmA ema. e. DI. liTa

Page #19
prastAvanA saMskRti ko mAnava jIvana ke vikAsa kI eka prakriyA kahA jAya to koI atyukti nahIM hogii| saMskRti zabda aneka arthoM meM maDha hai una saba arthoM kI yahAM vivakSA na kara mAtra saMskAroM kA sudhAra, zuddhi sabhyatA, AcAra-vicAra mAdA vepa-bhUpA aura rahana-sahana vivakSita hai| prAcIna bhArata meM do saMskRtiyAM bahuta prAcIna kAla se pravAhita ho rahI hai| donoM kA apanA apanA mahatva hai phira bhI donoM hajAroM varSoM se eka sAtha raha kara bhI sahayoga aura virodha ko prApta hotI haI bhI eka dUsare para apanA prabhAva aMkita kiye hae haiN| iname eka vaidika saMskRti hai aura dUsarI avaidika / vaidika maskRti kA nAma brAhmaNa saMskRti hai| isa maMskRti ke anuyAyI brAhmaNa jaba taka brahma vidyA kA anuSThAna karate hae apane prAcAra-vicAroM meM dRDha rahe, taba taka umameM koI vikAra nahIM huA, kintu jaba unameM bhogecchA aura lokepaNA pracara rUpa meM ghara kara gaI, taba ve brahma vidyA ko chor3akara gupka yajJAdi kriyAkANDoM meM dharma mAnane lage / umameM vaidika marakati kA kramazaH hrAsa honA zuru ho gyaa| apane usa prAcIna mUla rUpa se mukta hokara vaha Aja bhI ujjIvita hai| damarI avaidika saMskRti ko zramaNa saMskRti kahate haiN| prAkRta bhASA meM ise samana aura sumana kahate haiM aura saMskRti meM zramaNa / gamana kA artha mamatA hai, rAga-dvepa rahita paramazAnta avasthA kA nAma samana hai, athavA zatru mitra para jisakA samAna bhAva hai aisA sAdhakopayogI samaNa yA zramaNa kahalAtA hai| zramaNa zabda ke aneka artha haiM parantu una artho kI yahA vivakSA nahI hai, kintu yahA~ unake proM para vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| zrama dhAtu kA artha gveda hai, jo vyakti parigraha pigAca kA parityAga kara ghara vAra se koI nAtA na rakhate hue apane zarIra se bhI nispRha evaM nirmohI ho jAte hai, vana meM prAtma sAdhanA rUpa zrama kA AcaraNa karate haiM apanI icchAoM para niyatraNa rakhate haiM, kAya kanagAdi hone para bhI khinna nahI hote, kintu viSaya-kapAyo kA nigraha karate hue indriyoM kA damana karate haiM ve samaya para zramaNa kahalAte hai / athavA jo bAhyAbhyantara granthiyoM kA tyAgakara tapazcaraNa karate haiM, Atma-sAdhanA meM niSTha aura jJAnI eva vivekA bane rahate hai-(zrAbhyanti bAhyAbhyantaraM tapazcarantIti zramaNaH) jo zubhA-zubhakriyAoM meM acche bure vicAga meM puNya-pApa rUpa pariNatiyoM meM tathA jIvana, maraNa, sukha-dukha meM aura Atma-sAdhanoM se niSpanna paristhitiyoM meM rAgI dvapI nahIM hote pratyuta samabhAvI bane rahate hai ve zramaNa kahalAte haiN| jo mumana haiM-pApa rUpa jinakA mana nahIM hai, svajanoM aura sAmAnya janoM meM jinakI dRSTi samAna rahatI hai| jisa taraha dukha mujhe priya nahIM hai, usI prakAra saMsAra ke sabhI jIvoM ko bhI priya nahIM ho sktaa| jo na dasaroM kA svaya mArate he-na dugkha saMkleza utpanna karate haiN| aura na dUsaroM ko mArane Adi kI preraNA karate haiM / kintu 1. (ka) jo samago jamumaNo, bhAveNa jai Na hoi pAmaNo / mamagage ajaNeyasamo samo amANA'vamANesu / / jaha na gamana NiyaM duHkhaM jAriNaya sameva savva jIvANaM / na haNai na haNAveiya samaNagaI teNa so samaNo / / -(anuyogadvAra 150 (kha) yo ca sameti pApAni aNu thUlAni savvaso / samitantA hi pApAnaM samaNoti pavuccati // (dhammapada 16-10

Page #20
10 mAna-apamAna meM samAna bane rahate haiM, vahI sacce zramaNa haiM / AcArya kundakunda ne likhA hai ki jo zramaNa zatru aura bandhu varga meM samAna vRtti haiN| sukha-dukha meM samAna haiM loha aura kaMcana meM samAna hai jIvana-maraNa meM samAna hai, ve zramaNa haiM : samasattu baMdhu vaggo samasuha dukkho pasasa - NidaM samo / samaloTTha kaMcaNo puNa jIviya maraNe samo samaNo // jo pAMca samitiyoM, tIna guptiyoM tathA pAMca indriyoM kA nigraha karane vAlA hai, kapAtroM ko jItane vAlA hai, darzana, jJAna, caritra sahita hai vahI zramaNa saMyata kahalAtA hai / - paMca samido tigutto pacediya saMbuDo jidakasAmro / daMsaNANANa samaggo samaNo so saMjado bhaNido || sthAnAGga sUtra ( 5 ) kI nimna gAthA zramaNa ke vyaktitva aura unakI jIvana vRtti para acchA prakAza DAta hai / uraga - giri-jala-sAgara Nahatala - tarugaNasamona jo hoi / bhamara-niya dharaNi jalaraha-ravi-paNa mozro samaNo // jo uraga sama (sarpa ke samAna) parakRna guphA maThAdi meM nivAsa karane vAlA, girisama- parvata ke samAna acala, jvalanasama--agni ke samAna tRpta agni jama tRNA na atRpta rahatA hai, usI taraha tapa teja saMyukta zramaNa sUtrArtha cintana meM atRpta rahatA hai| bhAgarasama-samudra ke samAna gabhIra, AkAza ke samAna nirAlamba, bhramara ke samAna aniyata vRtti, mRga ke samAna gamAra ke dukhoM se udvagna, pRthvI ke samAna kSamAzIla, kamala ke samAna deha bhogoM meM nirlipta, sUrya ke samAna binA kisI bheda bhAva ke jJAna ke prakAzaka aura pavana ke samAna avaruddha gati, zramaNa hI loka meM pratiSThita hote hai / Upara jina zramaNoM kA svarUpa diyA gayA hai ve ho sacce zramaNa hai / aniyoga dvAra zramaNa pA~ca prakAra ke batalAye gaye hai, nirgrantha, zAkya, tApasa, geruya prAra prAjIvaka / inameM antavAhyaM granthiyoM ko dUra karane vAle vipayAzA se rahita, jina zAsana ke anuyAyI muni nirgrantha kahe jAte hai / mugata (buddha) ke ziSya sugata yA zAkya kahe jAte hai, jo jaTAdhArI haiM, vana meM nivAsa karate haiM ve tApasI hai, raktAdi vastroM ke dhAraka daNDI kahalAte haiN| jo gozAlaka ke mata kA anusaraNa karate haiM ve prAjIvaka kahe jAte hai'| ina zramaNoM meM nirgrantha zramaNoM kA darjA sabase aura viveka kA anusaraNa karate haiN| aise sacce zramaNa hI pratiSThApaka Adi brahmA RSabhadeva hai jo nAbhirAya aura bharata ke nAma se isa deza kA nAma bhArata varSa par3A hai| ( ' Namo paNha samaNANaM' ) / jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 1. niggaya savaka tAvama gerU grAjIva cahA samaragA / tammiya nigathA te je jirA sAsarAbhavA muriNo / sakkAya sugaya missA je jaDilA neu tAvasA bhaggiyA / je gosAla gamaya maNu je dhAuratavatthA nidaNDigo garuyA terA || mati yannati teu AjIvA UMcA hai, unakA tyAga aura tapasyA kaThora hotI hai, ve jJAna zramaNa saMskRti ke pratIka hai| isa zramaNa saMskRti ke Adya marudevI ke putra the, aura jinake zata putrA meM se jyeSTha putra mahAM bandha meM prajJA zramaNoM ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai / - ( anuyogadvAra a 120 2. nAbheH punazca RSabhaH Rpabhad bharato'bhavat / tasya nAmnaH tvidaM varSa bhArataM ceti kItyaMte // agnI sUno nAbhestu RSabho'bhUtasuno dvijaH / RSabhAd bharato jajJe vIraH putra zatAdvaraH / / yeSA khalu mahAyogI bharato jyeSTa zreSTha guNa AsIta / yeneda varSa bhAratamiti vyapadizanti / / (viSNupurANa a0 1 bhAgavata 5-6 meM

Page #21
prastAvanA 11 __bauddha paramparA meM bhI zramaNoM kA ullekha hai| dhammapada meM likhA hai ki jo aNu aura sthUla pApoM kA pUrNa rUpa se zamana karatA hai vaha pApoM kA zamana karane ke kAraNa samaNa hai| "yo ca sameti pApAni aNuthUlA nisavva so| sammitattAti pApAnaM samaNeti pavuccati // " (16-10, isI dhammapada (26-6) meM eka anya sthAna para likhA hai 'samucaritA samaNoti vuccti'| samAnatA kI ke kAraNa 'samaNa' kahA jAtA hai dhammapada (16-6) ge batalAyA hai ki vrata hIna tathA jhaTa volane vAlA vyakti kevala sira mur3A lene mAtra se 'samaNa' nahIM ho jAtA, jA icchA aura lobha se vyApta hai vaha 'samaNa' kaise ho sakatA hai ? - 'muMDake na samaNo avvatto alakaM bhnn| icchA lobha samApanno samaNo ki bhavissati / " prAcArya kunda kundane zramaNa dharma kA sundara vyAkhyAna kiyA hai, aura batalAyA hai ki jo duHkho se unmukta honA cAhatA hai use zrAmaNya dharma kA svAkAra karanA cAhie--"pADavajjada sAmaNNaM jada icchadi dkkhprimokkhN'| isase zramaNa dharma kI mahattA kA bodha hAtA hai| jinamanAcArya ne mahApugaNa ma Rpabhadeva ko vAta rasanA batalAte hae usakA artha nagna kiyA hai.--digvAsA vAtarasano nigraMnthezo nirmbrH| (25-2-4) / vaidika sAhitya meM bhI zramaNa kA ullakha ukta atha meM kiyA gayA hai| bhAgavata ke (12-3-16) ke anusAra zramaNa jana prAyaH santuSTa karuNA Ara maMtrA bhAvanA se yukta, zAnta dAnta, titikSu, atmA na ramaNa karane vAle aura samadRSTi kaha gaya hai| santuSTAH karuNA maMtrAH zAntA dAntAstitikSavaH / prAtmArAmAH samadazaH prAyazaH zramaNA janA / / isI grantha me vAtarazanA zramaNo ko yAtmavidyA vizArada napi, zAnta, sanyAsI ora amala kaha kara Urdhvagamana dvArA unake brahma loka meM jAne kI bAta kahI hai "zramaNA vAtarazanA prAtmavidyA vizAradaH" (zrI bhAgavat 12-2-20) "vAtarazanAya RSayaH zramaNAUrdhvanthitaH / brahmAkhya dhAma te yAnti zAntAH sanyAsino'malAH (zrI bhAga0 vaidika sAhitya meM 'zramaNa kA ullekha aneka granthoM meM milatA hai Rgveda meM vAta razanA muni kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai, usameM unake mAta bheda bhI batalAya hai| para una saba vAtarazanA muniyoM meM RSabha pradhAna the| kyAki ahaMta dharma ko zikSA dene ke lie unakA avatAra huA batalAyA hai| "munayo vAtarazanA pigaMgA vazate mlaa| vAta sthAna dhrAji yAnti yaha vAso avikSata / / unmAditA mauneyena vAtAM prAtasthimA vym| zarIrehasmAkaM yUya martA sA abhipazyatha / / " (Rgveda 10-136, 2, 3) atIndriyArtha darzI vAtarazanA mUni mala dhAraNa karate hai jisase ve pigala varNa dikhAI dete hai, jaba ve vAya kI gati ko prANopAsanA dvArA dhAraNa kara lete hai-roka lete hai-tava va apane tapazcaraNa kI mahimA se dIvyamAna ho kara devatA rUpa ko prApta ho jAte hai / sarvalaukika vyavahAra ko chor3akara hama mauna vRtti se unmatta vata (utkRSTa prAnanda sahita) vAyu bhAva ko-azarIrI dhyAna vRtti ko prApta hote hai, pAra tuma sAdhAraNa jana hamAre vAhya zarIra mAtra ko dekha pAte ho, hamAre sacce prAbhyantara svarUpa ko nahIM, aisA ve vAtarazanA muni prakaTa karate hai| Rgveda ko ukta RcAoM ke sAtha kezI kI stuti kI gaI hai-. 1. jUni-vAtajUni-viprajUni-vRSANaka-karikRta-etazaH RSibhRGga, ete vAtara zanA manuyaH / (Rgveda ma0 10 sUkta 135)

Page #22
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 kezyagniM kezI viSaM kezo viti rodsii| kezI vizvaM svaIze kezIde jyoti rujyate / / (Rgveda 10-136-1) kezI agni jala tathA svarNa aura pathvI ko dhAraNa karatA hai, kezI samasta vizva tattvoM ke darzana karAtA hai / kezI hI prakAzamAna (jJAna) jyoti (kevala jJAnI) kahalAtA hai| kezo kI yaha stuti vAtarazanA muniyoM ke kathana meM kI gaI hai| jisase spaSTa hai ki kezI vAtarazanA muniyoM meM pradhAna the| kezI kA artha kezavAlA jaTAdhArI hotA hai siMha bhI apanI kezara (mAyAla) ke kAraNa kezarI kahalAtA hai| Rgveda ke kezI aura vAtarazanA muni aura bhAgavata purANa meM ullikhita vAtarazanA zramaNa evaM unake adhinAyaka RSabha kI sAdhanAoM kI tulanA dRSTavya hai kyoMki dono eka hI sampradAya ke vAcaka haiM / vaidika Rpi vase tyAgA paura tapasvI nahIM the, jaise vAtarazanA muni the| ve gRhastha the, yajJa yajJAdi vidhAnA meM AsthA rakhate the, aura apanI laukika icchAoM kI pUrti ke lie tathA dhana ityAdi sampatti ke lie indrAdi devatAoM kA AhvAna karate the, kintu vAtarazanA muniantarvAhya granthiyoM ke tyAgo, zarIra se nimoho, parISahajayo aura kaThora tapasvI the, ve zarIra se nispRhI, vana kadarAnoM, guphAmro, pIra vRkSoM ke tale nivAsa karate the| zramaNa saMskRti vedoM se prAcIna hai, kyoMki vedoM meM tIna tIrthakaroM kA-RSabhadeva, ajita nAtha aura neminAtha kA-ullekha hai / vedAM meM Rgveda sabase prAcIna mAnA jAtA hai, usameM vAtarazanA muniyoM meM bhraSTha RSabhadeva kA ullekha hone se jaina dharma kI prAcIna paramparA para mahatvapUrNa prakAza par3atA hai| yadyapi vedAM ke racanAkAla ke sambandha matabheda pAyA jAtA hai| kucha vidvAna unheM IsvI san se 1000 varSa pUrva kI racanA mAnate hai aura kucha pora vAda kI mAnate hai| yadi vedoM kA racanA IsvI san se 1500 varSa bhI pUrva mAnI jAya to bhI zramaNa saskRti prAcIna ThaharatI hai| jaina kalA meM RSabha deva kI aneka prAcIna mUrtiyA~ jaTAdhArI milatI hai| prAcArya yati vapabha ne tiloya paNNatti meM likhA hai ki usa gaMgA kaTa ke Upara jaTA makUTa se zobhita Adi jinendra kI pratimAe haiN| una pratimAoM kA mAnoM abhiSeka karane ke lie hI gagA una pratimAoM ke Upara avatINaM haI hai| jaisA ki nimna gAthA se spaSTa hai| mAdi jiNa paDimAno jdd'muddsehrillaayo| paDivovarammi gagA abhisittu maNA va paDadi // raviSeNa ne padmacarita (3-288) meM-"vAtoddhatA jaTAstasya rejurAkula muurtyH|" aura punnATa saghI jinasena ne hari vaza purANa (6-204) meM "sa pralamba jaTAbhAra bhrAjiSNu" rUpa se ullekhita kiyA hai / tathA apabhraMza bhASA ke sakamAla caritra me bhI nimna rUpa ullekha pAyA jAtA hai: "paDhamu jiNavaru NavivibhAveNa / jaDa-mauDa vihUsiu visaha mayaNAri NAsaNu / amarAsura-Nara-thya clnnu| sattatattva Navapayattha NavaNayahi payAsaNa loyAloya payAsayaru jasuuppaNNau NANu / so paNaveppiNu risaha jiNu akkhaya-sokkha NihANa / / " jaTA-keza-kezara saba eka hI artha ke vAcaka hai 'jaTA saTA kezarayoH' iti modinii| isa saba kathana para se ukta prartha kI puSTi hAtI hai / kezI pora RSabha eka hI hai, kyoMki Rgveda kI eka RcA meM donoM kA eka sAtha ullekha humA hai aura vaha isa prakAra hai: kakardave vRSabho yukta mAsIda pravAcIt sArathirassa keshii| duryuktasya dravataHsahAnasa Rcchanti mA niSpado mudgalAnIm / / (Rgveda 10-102, 6) 1. bhavagata purANa 5-6, 28-31 2. Indian Philosophiy vol. I p. 287 -- --- - --------

Page #23
prastAvanA 13 isa sUkta ke RcA kI prastAvanA meM nirukta meM 'mudagalasya hRtA gAva / Adi zloka uddhRta kiye gaye hai, jina meM batalAyA hai ki mudgala RSi kI gAyo ko cora curA le gae the, unhe lauTAne ke lie RSi na kezI vRpabha kA apanA sArathI banAyA, jisake vacana se ve gaue~ Age na bhAgakara pIche kI ora loTa par3I isa RcA kA bhASya karate hue sAyaNAcArya ne kezI aura vRSabha kA vAcyArtha pRthak batalAyA hai, kintu prakArAntara se use svokRta bhI kiyA hai - " prathavA zrasya sArathiH sahAya bhUtaH prakRSTa kezI vRSabha zravAcIta bhrazamazabdayat" ityAdi / mudgala RSi ke sArathI (vidvAna netA ) kezo vRSabha jo zatruoM kA vinAza karane ke lie niyukta the, unakI vANI nikalI, jisake phalasvarUpa jo mudgala RSi kI gauva (indriyA) jute hue durghararatha ( zarAra ) ke sAtha daur3a rahI thI ve nizcala hokara maudagalAnI ( mudgala kI svAtmAvRtti) ko aura lATa par3A, athAt mudgala kA indriyoM, jo svarUpa se parAr3a mukha hA anya vipayA kI Ara bhAga rahA thA va unake yAga yukta jJAnA netA kazA vRSabha ke dharmopadeza ko sunakara antarmukhI hA gaI - apana svarUpa meM praviSTa ho gaI / " Rgveda ka ( 3-58-3) sUkta me - "tridhA baddho vRSabho rora vIti mahAdevo martyAna vivaza / batAyA gayA hai ki (darzana-jJAna- caritra se anubaddha vRSabha ( RSabha) na ghApaNA kA aura va eka mahAn datra ke rUpa matyA na praviSTa hue / isa taraha vada, bhAgavata aura upaniSada meM zramaNA ke tapazcaraNa kI mahattA kA bhI vaNana upalabdha hotA hai vaha mahattvapUrNa aura usakA sambandha RSabha deva kA tapazcayA sa hai | zramaNA na grAtma-sAdhanA kA jAta Adarza lAka meM upasthita kiyA hai tathA grahisA kI pratiSThA dvArA jA zrAtma nibhayatA prApta kaa| usane maNa samkRti kA gorava surakSita hai / zramaNa saMskRti na bhAratAya saMskRti kA jo grahisA aparigraha anantaramAdvAra Adi mahattvapUrNa siddhAntA kA apUrva dana dI hai, usase bhAratAya santa paramparA yazavA hura hai| bhagavAna madava isa santa paramparA evaM zramaNa saMskRti ke Adya pratiSThApaka the / unakA isa bhUtala para avatarita hue bahuta kAla vyatIta hA gayA hai, tA bhI unakI tapazcayA kI mahattA aura unakA loka kalyANa kArA upadeza bhUmaMDala meM prabhA vartamAna hai va zramaNa saMskRti ke kevala saMsthApaka hA nahI the kintu unhona usa ujjIvita aura pAlalavApata bhI kiyA thA / unaka anuyAyI 23 tAthakarA ne usakA pracAra evaM prasAra kiyA hai| ina cAtrIsa tAthakarA mAtama tAna tothakarA ko - naminAtha, pAzvanAtha aura mahAvora kA itihAsajJA na aitihAsika mahApuruSa mAna liyA hai aura vAisava tIthakara neminAtha ne ahisA ke lie vevAhika kArya kA parityAga kara apane kA Atma-sAdhanA meM lagAyA / yaha zrI kRSNa ke cacare bhAI the / pAzvanAtha taIsava tIthakara the jA banArasa ke rAjA vizvamena zrAra vAmA davI ke putra the / unhAna tapazcaraNa dvArA Atma-siddhA prApta kA Ara vihAra tathA kaligAdi dazA meM upadeza dvArA zramaNa saMskRti kA prasAra kiyA / zrAra janatA kA sanmArga ma lagAyA / pAravanAtha se 250 varSa bAda mahAvIra ne bharI javAnI meM rAjya vabhava kA parityAga kara Atma-sAdhanA kA anuSThAna kiyA, aura pUrNa jJAnI bana jagata kA 'svaya sukha pUrvaka jiyo, aura dUsaro ko bhI sukha pUrvaka jIne do' ke siddhAnta kA kavala prasAra hI nahI kiyA / pratyuta usa apana jAvana meM utAra kara loka meM ahisA kA pUrNa pratiSThA prApta k| / unakA kalyANakArI mRdu vANI na anekAnta dRSTi dvArA jagata ke virAdhA kA dUra kiyaa| unama hisAra samatA kI bhAvanA kA prAttAjata kiyaa| aura grahamA dvArA vizva zAnti kA lAka me pragAra kiyA usase yajJAdi hisA kA pratIkAra huaa| pazukula ko abhaya milaa| aura janatA meM ahisA ke prati anurAga hI nahI huA, anekAne usa apane jIvana kA Adarza bnaayaa| unake bAda unakI sagha paramparA ke zramaNA dvArA unhI lA hitakArI siddhAnto kA prasAra kiyA jAtA rhaa| aura aba bhI unake siddhAnto ke anuyAyI maujUda he / jA ahisA me vizvAsa rakhate hai / unha avatarita hue 2500 varSa pUre ho rahe hai to bhI unakA upadeza aura unake mAlika 1. bhAratIya sarakRti me janaghama kA yogadAna pR0 15, 16 2. bhAgavata purANa 5-6, 28-31) RSabhadeva kI tapazcaryA kA varNana hai /

Page #24
4 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 siddhAnta loka meM phaile hue haiN| aba samaya A gayA hai ki vizva kA saMrakSaNa unake pAvana siddhAntoM ke prAcaraNa se hI ho sakatA hai isa yuga meM paramANu kI ananta zakti aura unakI dAhakatA kI vibhISikA se loka bhayabhIta haiM, duHkhI aura cintA grasta hai / usase yadi vizva ko saMrakSita karanA hai to mahAvIra ke ahiMsA aura anekAnta zrAdi siddhAntoM ko jIvana meM pravAhita karanA hogA, unako jIvana ke vyavahAra meM lAye vinA vizva meM zAnti sthApita nahIM ho sakatI / kyoki sAmrAjya kI lipsA aura ahaMkAra ne mAnavatA kA tiraskAra aura durupayoga kiyA hai / aura kiyA jA rahA ,jisakA pariNAma prazAnti aura vinAza hai / mahAtmA buddha ke samaya bhagavAna mahAvIra ko 'NiggaMTha NAta putra' kahA jAtA thA, aura unakA zAsana bhI 'niggaMTha' nAma se prasiddha thA / azoka ke zilAlekhoM meM bhI 'NiggaMTha nAma se usakA ullekha hai / mahAvIra ke bAda 'NiggaTha' zramaNa paramparA dvAdaza varSIya durbhikSAdi ke kAraNa do bhedoM meM vibhakta ho gii| eka NiggaMTha zramaNa saMgha dUsarA zveta paTa zramaNa sagha / ina do bhedoM kA ullekha kadamba vaza ke lekhoM meM milatA hai" / pazcAt nirgrantha mahAzramaNa sagha ho mUla sagha ke nAma se loka meM vizruta huA / mUlasaMgha paramparA hI bhagavAna mahAvIra kI nirgrantha zramaNa paramparA hai, dUsarI paramparA mUla paramparA nahIM kahI jA sktii| isI se isa grantha me bhagavAna mahAvIra kI mUla nirgrantha saMgha paramparA ke AcAryo va vidvAnoM, bhaTTArako ora kaviyoM kA yahAM paricaya diyA gayA hai / dUsarI paramparA ke sambandha meM phira kabhI vicAra kiyA jaayegaa| isa paramparA kI pratiSThA bundakundAcArya jasa nirgrantha zramaNA se huI / unakI kRtiyA vastu tatva kI nidarzaka aura loka kalyANakArI hai / unakI samatA anyatra nahI pAyI jaatii| isa paramparA meM aneka mahAna grAcArya hue, jinakI kRtiyAM loka meM prasiddha huI / dArzanika vidvAnoM meM gRddhapicchAcArya, samantabhadra, pAtra kesarI, siddhasena, pUjyapAda, prakalaka deva, sumatideva aura vidyAnandAdi mahAna AcArya hue| jinake vyaktitva aura kRtitva se loka meM zramaNa saMskRti kA prasAra huA / isa paramparA meM bhI aneka sagha-bheda hue, gaNa-gacchAdi hue, parantu mUla paramparA barAbara saMrakSita rahI, aura raha rahI hai / bhAratIya itihAsa meM zilAlekha tAmra patra, lekhaka prazastiyAM, grantha prazastiyAM, paTTAvaliyAM aura mUrtilekhoM kI mahattA se koI ikAra nahI kara sktaa| inameM upalabdha sAdhana sAmagrI iti vRttoM ke likhane meM sahAyaka hI nahIM hotI / pratyuta aneka ulajhI huI samasyAoM ke sulajhAne meM yogadAna detI hai / jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa ke likhane meM unakI upayogitA liye binA kisI AcArya vizeSa, vidvAna kavi yA bhaTTAraka, rAjA Adi kA paricaya likhanA sambhava nahI hotA / isI se isa aitihAsika sAmagrI kA saMkalana honA Avazyaka hai| isake sAtha purAtattva sabaMdhI avazeSoM Adi kA ullekha bhI prAvazyaka hotA hai / usase usameM prAmANikatA A jAtI hai / jaba hama kisI prAcArya vizeSa Adi kA paricaya likhane baiThate hai taba samucita sAmagrI ke saMkalana ke prabhAva meM eka nAma ke aneka vidvAnoM Adi ke samaya nirNaya karane meM bar3I kaThinAI kA anubhava karanA par3atA hai / taba hameM ukta sAmagrI kI upayogitA kI mahattA jJAta hotI hai aura hama usake sakalana kI AvazyakatA kA anubhava karate hai / vidvAna isa kaThinAI kA anubhava karate hue bhI usake sakalana kA prayatna nahIM kara pAte, samAja aura zrImAnoM kA tA usa ora dhyAna hI nahI hai| vidvAnoM ke sAmane aneka samasyAeM haiM, jinake kAraNa usameM pravRtta nahIM ho pAte / unameM sabase pahalA kAraNa arthAbhAva hai dUsarA kAraNa gRhI samasyAeM hai aura tIsarA kAraNa sAmagrI kI viralatA aura samaya kI kamI hai / yadyapi vartamAna meM aitihAsika vidvAnoM ke samakSa bahuta kucha aitihAsika sAmagrI bikharI huI yatra-tatra dRSTi gocara hotI hai / kucha prakAza meM A cukI hai, kucha prakAza meM lAne ke prayatna meM hai / aura adhikAMza sAmagrI grantha bhaNDAroM, mUrti lekhoM aura grantha prazastiyoM meM nihita hai / prataeva itivRttoM kI sAmagrI kA saMkalita honA atyanta prAvazyaka hai / isI AvazyakatA ko dekhate hue merA vicAra bahuta dinoM se mahAvIra saMgha paramparA ke kucha zrAcAryo, vidvAnoM, bhaTTArakoM, kaviyoM zrAdi kA jaisA kucha bhI paricaya milatA hai, saMkalita karane kI bhAvanA cala rahI 1. iMDiyana eNTI kverI ji0 6 pR0 37-38

Page #25
prastAvanA thI, parantu isa mahAna kArya meM sAmagrI kI viralatA, sAdhanoM kI kamI aura apanI alpajJatA bAdhaka ho rahI thI, isa liye usase virAma le lenA par3atA thaa| mere pAsa jo thor3e bahuta noTsa the, unake AdhAra para aneka lekha ligve gaye jo samaya para anekAntAdi patroM meM prakAzita hote rahe haiN| jinase vidvAna prAyaH paricita hI haiN| jinhoMne mere noTa rUpa lekhoM kA avalokana kiyA hai, ve unheM bahuta upayogI pratIta hue aura unhoMne unheM prakAzita karAne kI preraNA dii| maiMne apane noToM ko anusandhAna priya muni zrI vidyAnanda jI ko dikhalAye the, unhoMne dekhakara kahA thA ki inheM pustaka kA rUpa dekara prakAzita kara denA cAhiye / merI bhI icchA prakAzita karane kI thI hI, parantu azubhodaya se maiM bImAra par3a gayA, usase jaise taise bacA to zArIrika kamajorI ne likhane meM bAdhA upasthita kara dii| asta, bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 2500veM nirvANa mahotsava kI carcA ne mujhe prerita kiyA ki tU isa samaya isa kArya ko pUrA kara de| DA0 darabArI lAla jI kI vizeSa preraNA rahI isa kArya ko pUrA karane kii| anya mitroM kI bhI yahI rAya thii| ataH maiMne likhane kA saMkalpa kara liyaa| eka dina paM0 balabhadra jI ne kahA ki Apa apanI sAmagrI ko taiyAra karo, prakAzana kI cintA na karo, maiM usakI jimmedArI letA haiM / isa sambandha meM merI prAcArya deza bhUpaNa jI se carcA ho gaI hai / ata: Apa nizcinta raheM aura use pUrA kara deN| mujhe isa kArya ke liye aneka granthoM kA adhyayana karanA par3A, aura purAtattva vibhAga kI lAibrerI se aneka bAra jAkara lAbha utthaayaa| dUsaroM kI sahAyatA se aMgrejI lekhoM kI jAnakArI prApta kI, isake liye maiM unakA AbhArI huuN| tadanusAra maiMne isa grantha ko pUrA karane kA prayatna kiyA, dina rAta parithama kiyA taba kisI taraha yaha grantha purA ho sakA hai / prastAvanA saMkSipta rUpa meM likhI hai / kAgaja kI samasyA ke kAraNa kucha pariziSTa choDa diye haiN| pahale TA kA parA maiTara to likhA nahIM gayA thA kintu kucha maiTara presa meM dene ke bAda use likhatA gayA aura detA gyaa| isase hameM aura kucha prAcAryoM ke samaya prAdi ke paricaya meM kamI raha sakatI hai / parantu pAThakoM ke sAmane lagabhaga sAta sau prAcAryoM, vidvAnoM, bhaTTArakoM aura saMskRta apabhraMza ke kaviyoM kA paricaya saMkSepa meM unakI racanAdi ke sAtha diyA gayA hai| merI pralpajJatA vaza usameM kamI raha jAnA svAbhAvika hai / ataH vidvAna use sudhAra leM, aura mujhe usakI sacanA zrImAna DA. e. ena. upAdhye paM0 kailAza candra jI siddhAnta zAstrI, DA0 bhAgacanda jI nAgapura, paM0 bAlacanda jI, zAstrI paM0 balabhadra jI aura pa0 ratanalAla jo kekar3I Adi vidvAnoM ko salAha mujhe milatI rahI hai| isake lie maiM unakA AbhArI huuN| prAcArya zrI dezabhaSaNa jI mahArAja ne isa grantha ke prakAzana meM jo saujanya pUrNa sahayoga diyA hai isake liye maiM unakA vizeSa AbhArI haM / aura AzA karatA hUM ki bhaviSya meM unakA sahayoga mujhe milatA rhegaa| bhAratIya nivAsa ke vizeSajJa vidvAna DA0 dazaratha zarmA ne asvastha hote bhI mere nivedana para grantha kA prAkkathana bolakara apanI sapatrI zAntAkumArI se lipi karAyA hai| unakI isa mahatI kRpA ke liye maiM unakA bahata praabhaarii| paramAnanda jaina zAstrI

Page #26
nAmAnukramaNikA (prAcArya, bhaTTAraka aura vidvAna kavi sUcI) ar3adeva bhaTTAraka 154 abhayanandI 256 akalaMka 155,155 amarakIti 384 akalaMkacandra 154 amarakIti 451 aklaMka vidya 154 amarakIti 526 akalaMka deva 154,155,155 amaramena 173 akalaMka paMDita 154 amaramena 371 akalaMkadeva 155 amita gati (prathama) 204 akalaMkadeva 155 amitagati (dvitIya) 288 akalaMka munipa 155 amitamena 173 akSayarAma amRtacandra Thakkura 205 (kavi) aggala 386 amRtacandra (dvitIya) 356 agnibhUti (gaNadhara) 25 ayyapArya 446 ajjanandi (Aryanandi) 20? aruNamaNi ajita brahma 514 arkakIrti 170 ajitamenAcArya 238 (kavi) arhadAsa 405 ajita senAcArya (alakAra cintAma0) 417 ahadabalI 68 aNDayya 426 ahanandi 246 anantakIti 208 arhanandi 336 anantakIti 226 arhanandI 244 antakIrti bhaTTAraka 226 avanti bhUbhRta (rAjA) 177 anantakIti 226 (kavi) asama 224 anantavIrya (ativaddha) 280 (kavi) asavAla 467 anantavIrya 244 prAcaNNa 333 anantavIrya 240 prAdipampa 215 (lagha) anantavIrya 356 Aryanandi 162 aparAjita (zru takevalI) 46 pAryanandI 238 aparAjitasUri (zrI vijaya) 202 AryamaMkSu 121 abhayacandra 444 prAryavyakta yA zucidatta (gaNadhara) 25 abhayacandra siddhAnta cakravartI 415 prAryasena 264 abhayanandi 165 Aryasena 237

Page #27
nAmAnukramaNikA (paMDita pravara) prAzAdhara 408 indrakIti 202 indrakIti 258 indrakIti 305 indraguru 156 indra nandi (yogazAstra TIkAkAra) 435 indranandI 46 indranandI (prathama) 240 indranandI (tha tAvatAra ke kartA) 245 indranandI (jvAlAmAlinI kalpakartA) 212 indrabhUti (prathama gaNadhara) 23 indamena bhaTTAraka 276 indrAyudha (rAjA) 177 ugradityAcArya 186 ugrasena guru 156 udayacandra 360 udayadeva 163 umAsvAti (gaddhapicchAcArya) 87 elavAcArya 163 elAcArya 263 elAcArya 227 kanakacandra 376 kanakanandI 246 kanakasena 213 kanakasena 238 kanakamena 244 kanakAmara 353 (bha0) kamala kIrti 502 kamala bhava 414 karNapArya 337 kaladhautanandi 167 (muni) kalyANa 65 (muni) kalyANakIti 482 kavi dharmadhara 522 kANabhikSu 142 kAnti (kaviyitrI) 302 (brahma) kAmarAja kIrtivarmA 305 kIrtivarmA 334 kotiSeNa 174 kumAranandI 162 kumArasena 141 (bhaTTAraka) kumAramena 236 kumArasena 236 kumudacandra 448 (vAdi) kumudacandra 448 kumudendu 428 kundakundacArya 74 kulacandra upAdhyAya 430 kulacandramuni 305 kulacandramuni 333 kulacandramunIndra 332 kula bhadra 436 kavilAcArya 168 kezavanandi 305 kezavarAja 276 kezavavarNI 441 (kavi) koTIzvara 503 (brahma) kRSNa yA kezavasena sUri 531 (paMDita) khetA 503 gaNadharakIti 336 gaNDa vimukta siddhAntadeva 348 girikIrti 368 guNakIrti 160 guNakItimunIzvara 202 guNakIni 160 guNakIrti siddhAntadeva 300 (bha0) guNacandra 542 guNacandrapaDita 228 guNadevasUri 160 (prAcArya) guNadhara 66 guNabhadra 428 guNabhadra 337 (bha0) guNabhadra 508 guNabhadrAcArya 182 guNabhadrAcArya (dhanya kumAra carita kartA) 346 guNabhUSaNa 444 guNavIra paMDita 86 guNa varma (dvitIya) 414 gaNasena paMDitadeva 258 guNasena muni 156 gurudAsa 213 guhanandi 112

Page #28
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 gopanandI 256 gollAcArya 236 govarddhana (zrutakevalI) 46 govarddhanadeva 300 (kavi) govinda 502 caumuha (caturmukha) 143 (bha0) candrakIrti 540 candrakIrti 386 candrakIti 347 candrakIti 34: candrakIti nAma ke dUsare vidvAna 346 candrakIti (zrutavindu ke kartA) 346 candradevAcArya 237 candranandi 113 candranandi 160 candraprabhAcArya 306 candrasena 162 (kavi) candrasena 502 cAmuNDarAya 365 (abhinava) cArukIrti paMDita deva 465 citakAcArya 126 chatrasena 336 (kavi) jagannAtha 551 jayasiMhanandI 136 (kavi) janna 426 jaTAkIrti 275 jayakIti 227 jayadevapaMDita 160 jayasena 238 jayasena 173 jayasena (prAbhata trayaTIkAkAra) 383 jayasena 324 jayasena 311 (kavi) jalhiga 500 (40) z2inadAsa 530 jinasenAcArya 174 jinasenAcArya 148 jinasena 264 (bramha) jIvaMdhara joindu (yogIndradeva) 128 jJAnakIrti 544 (bha0) jJAnabhUSaNa 504 (kavi) ThakurasI 521 (zAha) ThAkura 537 (kavi) DaDDhA 257 tumbulU rAcArya 112 (kavi) tejapAla 518 telamolidevara 160 toraNAcArya 236 tolakappiya 86 tribhuvanacandra 323 tribhuvana malla 353 trivikramadeva 432 trakAlayogIza 223 dayApAlamuni 323 dazarathaguru 182 dAmanandi bhaTTAraka 300 dAmanandi 300 dAmanandi 301 dAmarAja 302 (kavi) dAmodara 364 (kavi) dAmodara 506 divAkaranandi siddhAntadeva 251 durgadeva 252 devakIti 348 devakIrtipaMDitadeva 300 (muni) devacandra 382 devanandi (pUjyapAda) 115 (bha0) devendrakIti - devendramuni 373 devendrasaiddhAntika 166 devasena 286 devasenagaNI (sulocanA ca0 kartA) 376 devasena (bhAvasagraha ke kartA) 436 devasena bhaTTAraka 231 devasena 231 devasena 156 devasena (darzanasAra ke kartA) 231 (kavi) doDDayya 530 (AcArya) dolAmasa (tisena) 65 (mahAkavi) dhanaMjaya 138 (kavi) dhanapAla 488

Page #29
nAmAnukramaNikA dhanapAla 307 dharmadhara 522 (abhinava) dharmabhUSaNa 512 dharmasenAcArya 245 dharasena 70 nandimitra (zra takevalI) 46 nayakIrtimuni 373 nayanandI 276 nayasena 264 (paM0) narasena 453 narendrakIti travidya 353 narendrakIti vidya 412 narendrasena 361 narendrasena (prathama) 263 narendrasena trividya candezvara (dvitIya) 293 nalvigaMda nAdirAja 431 nAgacandra 337 nAgacandra (sUri) 507 nAgadeva 264 nAganandI 236 (kavi) nAgava nAgavarma (dvitIya) 214 nAgavarma (prathama) 214 (kavi) nAgarAja 440 nAgasenaguru 156 nAgasena guru 127 nAgahasti 121 nemacandra 500 (paMDita) nemacandra 372 paM0 nemicandra (pratiSThata tilaka ke kartA) 522 nemicandra si. cakravartI 261 (brahma) nemidatta 511 nemidevAcArya 216 nemiSeNa 287 paM0 medhAvI 524 paNDita haricanda 523 padmakIrti 242 padmanandi maladhAri 328 payanandi maladhAri 306 padmanandi yatI 367 papranandI (jaMbUdvIpapaNNatti0) 272 padmanandI 325 padmanandI 262 padmanAbha kAyastha 487 padmasiMha 306 padmasenAcArya 276 paravAdimalaya 155 (kavi) paramezvara 142 pAtrakesarI 131 pArzvapaNDita 426 puSpadatta 71 (mahAkavi) puSpadatta 252 kavi paunna 215 prabhAcandra 375 prabhAcandra 375 prabhAcandra 483 prabhAcandra 840 prabhAcandra 428 prabhAcandra 361 bhaTTAraka prabhAcandra 432 prabhAcandra 282 prabhAcandra vidma 375 prabhAsa (gaNadhara) 228 (paMDita) pravacanasena 258 bandhuSeNa 227 1 bappanandI 227 2 baladevaguru 156 valaka piccha 61 bAlacandra 333 bAlacandrasiddhAntadeva 360 bAlacandra paMDitadeva 425 bAlacandrakavi 436 bAlacandra maladhArI 432 bAhubali prAcArya 324 bAhubalideva 213 boppaNa paMDita 334 brahmakRSNa yA kezavasena sUri 531 brahmajIvaMdhara 521 brahmadeva 320 brahmaziva - brahmasenavatiya 275 (kavi) bhagavatIdAsa 548

Page #30
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 bhaTTavosadi 336 bhaTTAkalaMkadeva 546 bhaTTArakavidyAnandi 513 bhaTTAraka prabhAcandra 526 bhaTTAraka zubhacandra 526 bha0 zratakoti 514 bhagavAna mahAvIra 2 bhadravAhu zrutakevalI 47 bhadrabAhu (dvitIya)bharatasena 230 bhAnukIti siddhAntadeva 416 bhAvasena 316 bhAbasena vidya 406 bhAskara kavi 501 bhAskaranandI (tattvArthavRtti) 455 bhUtabalI 71 bhUpAlakavi 301 (kavi) maMgarAja 448 , maMgarAja dvitIya 444 , maMgarAja tRtIya 485 madanakIti 403 madhurakavi 440 malliSeNa 266 malliSeNa paNDita 431 malliSeNa maladhAri 357 mahAbalakavi 430 (paNDita) mahAvIra 361 mahAvIrAcArya 187 mahAsena 264 (prAcArya) mahAsena 214 mahAsena (sulocanA kathAkartA) 167 mahAsena paMDitadeva 374 (kavi) mahindu yA mahAcandra 524 mahendradeva 216 mAilla dhavala 336 mAghanandi yogIndra 447 mAghanandI saiddhAntika 71 mAghanandi siddhAntadeva 346 mANDavya (gaNadhara) 28 mANikya nandI 277 mANikya nandI348 (kavi) mANikyarAja 516 mANikyasena paMDitadeva 374 mAdhavacandra vidya (kSapaNAsAra gadya) 367 mAdhavacandra vidya 325 mAdhavacandra maladhArI 346 mAdhavacandra 350 mAdhavacandravatI 350 mAdhavasena 287 mAdhavasena nAma ke anya vidvAna 360 mAdhavasena nAma ke anya vidvAna 361 mAnatuMgAcArya 133 municandra 416 munipUrNabhadra 414 meghacandra 428 meghacandra vidyadeva 370 metArya (gaNadhara) 58 maunibhaTTAraka 225 mauryaputra (gaNadhara) 28 (prAcArya) yati vRSabha 123 yaza: kIrti 402 (bha0) yazaH kIrti 480 yazodeva 218 yazobhadra 114 (paMDita) yogadeva 500 (kavi) raidhU 456 raTTa kavi arhaddAsa 425 bha0 ratanacandra ratna kIrti 500 ratna yogIndra 436 (kavi) ranna 216 ravi kIrti 236 ravi candra 271 ravicandra (ArAdhanA samucaya) 424 ravi nandI 127 rabiSeNAcArya 156 (kavi) rAjamalla 533 (paMDita) rAmacandra 464 rAmacandra mumukSu 368 muni rAmasiMha (dehA pAhur3a) 241 (brahma) rAya malla 543 rAmasena 323 rAsasena 207

Page #31
nAmAnukramaNikA (paM0) rUpacanda 544 lakSmo candra 465 lakSmaNadeva 357 (kavi) lAkha yA lakSmaNa 361 loka sena 188 llaMgo vADigala 61 (mahAmuni) vaRgrIva 225 vajranandI 126 barddhamAna bhaTTAraka 442 vasunandI 351 (kavi) vAgbhaTa 420 vAgbhaTa (nemi nirvANa kAvya ke kartA) 311 (bha0) vAdi candra 532 vAdirAja 246 vAdirAja (dvitIya) 432 (kavi) vAdirAja 552 vAdi vidyAnanda 542 bAdIndra vizAla koti 413 vAdIsiha 168 vAyUbhUti (gaNadhara) 25 vAvana nandI muni vAsava candra munIndra 373 vAsava nandI 240 vAsava sena 413 vijaya kIti 376 vijaya kIti muni 160 vijaya deva paMDitAcArya 167 vijaya varNI (zRgArArNavacadrikA) 416 (budha) vijaryAsaha 466 (bha0) vidyAnanda - (AcArya) vidyAnanda 1968 vidyAnanda 455 (bhaTTAraka) vidyAbhUpaNa 536 (muni) vinaya candra 368 (muni) vinaya candra 387 vinayasena 205 vimala kIti 366 vimala kIti 428 vimala candra munIndra 225 vibhala candrAcArya 161 vimalasena paDita 276 viSNa nandi (zruta kevalI) 46 (bha0) vizvasena 538 vizeSavAdi 161 (mahAkavi) vIra 267 vIra kavi yA budhavIru 526 vIradeva 112 vIranandi siddhAnta cakravartI 260 vIra nandI (prAcArasAra ke kartA) 335 vIrasena 270 vIrasena 286 vIrasena paDita deva 360 vRti vilAsa 338 vRpabha nandI 167 vaSabhanandI (jItasAra samUcaya kartA) 256 zAkaTAyana (pAlyakIti) 185 zAmakuNDAcAya 158 zAntideva 288 zAntinAtha 258 zAntiSeNa 371 zivakoTi (zivAyaM) 104 paDita zivAbhirAma 550 (kavi) zizu mAyaNa 426 (bha0) zubhakAni 484 zubhacandra yogI 431 (bha0) zubhacandra 466 mbha0) zubhacandra 501 (prA.) zubhacandra 303 zubha nandI 137 zro kIti 430 zrIkumAra kavi (prAtma prabodha ke kartA) 267 zrI candra kathAkozakartA 343 zrI datta 113 zrI datta (dvitIya) 113 zrI deva 186 (kavi) zrIdhara 366 (kavi) zrIdhara 386 (kavi) zrIdhara 441 (kavi) zrIdhara 344 zrIdhara 373 zrIdharasena (vizvalocana koSa) 418 zrIpAladeva 174

Page #32
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 23 Jare ( bha0 ) zrIbhUSaNa 536 zrI vallabha (rAjA) 177 zrISeNa sUri 371 zrutakIrti 338 zrutakIrti 306 (bha0) zrutakIrti - zruta muni 437 (brahma) zrutasAgara 508 ( bha0 ) sakala kIrti 491 sakala kIrti 432 sakala candra bhaTTAraka 431 ( bha0 ) sakala bhUSaNa 541 (AcArya) samantabhadra 62 (laghu) samantabhadra 430 (abhinava ) samantabhadra 508 sarvanandI bhaTTAraka 168 sarvanandI bhaTTAraka 213 sarvanandI 167 muni sarvanandI 122 sAgara nandI siddhAMtadeva 336 sAgara sena siddhAMtika 276 siMhanandi guru 156 ( bha0 ) siMhanandI 546 sudharma svAmI ( gaNadhara ) 26 sumati (sanmati ) deva 140 ( bha0 ) sumati kIrti 547 sumatideva 141 suprabhAcArya 454 somakIrti 516 somadeva 220 somadeva 486 ( muni) somadeva 400 svayaMbhU kavi 186 svAmikumAra 127 haMsa siddhAntadeva 316 ( paM0 harapAla (vaidyaka grantha kartA ) 441 halla yA haricanda 466 (kavi) haricandra 476 ( mahAkavi ) haricandra 317 harideva 401 harSanandI 316 (kavi) hariSeNa 226 (brahma) sAdhAraNa 468 (kavi) siddha aura siMha 362 siddha nandI 125 siddhabhUSaNa saiddhAntika muni 167 hariSeNa 230 (zrI) hariSeNa 226 harisiMha muni 316 hastimalla 452 (brahma) hemacandra 292 siddhamena 107 siddhAnta kIrti 163 hemasena 316 helAcArya 225 siMha nandi 103

Page #33
sandarbha grantha-sUcI prastuta graMtha meM granthakAra aura unake granthoM ke atirikta jina granthoM kA upayoga kiyA gayA hai-- unakI tAlikA nimna prakAra hai :kAnta (vIra sevAmandira dillI ) AcArAga sUtra saTIka zIlAMkAcArya zrAvazyaka niyukti iMDiyana eNTI kverI jilda 3 iMDiyana eNTI kverI bhAga 11 jilda 5 iMDiyana eNTI kverI ji0 12 iMDiyana eNTI kverI vAlyUma 11, ji0 15 iMDiyana eNTI kverI ji0 12 epigrAphiyA iMDikA ji0 1 37 31 " 17 11 " kanighama riporTa naM 0 1-10 gautama dharmasUtra graMtha prazasti saMgraha ke. bhujabalI zAstrI, mArA graMtha sUcI (zrAmara bhaMDAra) bhA0 1 graMthasUcI bhA0 2 rAjasthAna zAstra bhaMDAra, jayapura graMthasUcI bhA3 graMthasUcI bhA0 4 graMthasUcI bhA0 5 caupanna purisa cariu prAcArya zIlAMka jAgarphIkala DiksanarI grApha nandalAla De 17 33 ji0 3 jilda 4-5 ji0 6 ji0 8 ji0 10 ji0 20 11 " "2 11 jaina graMtha prazasti saMgraha bhA0 1 vIra sevAmaMdira jaina graMtha prazasti saMgraha bhA0 2 vIra sevA maMdira jainijma ina sAutha iMDiyA- pI0 vI0 desAI (zolApura ) jaina darzana, patra bhA0 di0 jaina saMgha caurAsI mathurA 23

Page #34
24 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 jaina lekha maMgraha bhA01, bhA02, bhA03, bhA04, bhA05, (mANikacandra grathamAlA bambaI) jaina sandeza yodhAMka 15 sampAdaka DA. jyoti prasAda jaina jaina sandeza zodhAMka 3-4 jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, nAthUrAma jI pramI, bambaI jaina mAhitya meM vikAra thavA thayelI hAni, pa0 vecagdAsa jana hitaipI bhAga 13 paM0 nAthUrAma premI DivAnarI zivarAma vAmana eNTe tattva saMgraha gA0 1,2 (bauddha grantha) dakSiNa bhArata meM jaina dharma, paM0 kailAza canda zAstrI dI rASTrakaTAja ina deara TAima, DA0 altekara dharmottara prastAvanA pacAzaka haribhadrAcArya pariziSTa parva hemacanda ri purAtattva nibaMdhAvalI, rAhala mAMkRtyAyana plaTArca enziyeMTa iMDikA prastAvanA upAsakAdhyayana, paM0 kailAzacanda jI zAstrI prastAvanA purAtana jaina vAkya-sUcI pa0 jugala kizora mukhtAra prastAvanA paramAtma prakAza DA0 e0 ena upAdhye prastAvanA pravacanasAra (DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhyAya) prAkRtapigala piMgalAcArya prAcIna bhArata kA rAjanaitika tathA sAMskRtika itihAsa bhArata ke prAcIna rAjavaMza vizvezvara nAtha reu bhA03 bhAratIya itihAsa kI rUpa revA, jayacandra vidyAlaMkAra prathama eDIsana, miDiyAvala jainijma (DA0 e0 bI0 sAletora) manusmRti rAjapUnAne kA itihAsa prathama jilda ma0 ma0 hIrAcanda jI ojhA vaziSTa smRti vizepAvazyaka jinabhadragaNikSamA zramaNa zAmanagar3ha . / dAnapatra (zaka saM0) zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra muni kalyANa vijaya magamataMtra skandha purANa hindu bhArata kA utkarSa (sI0 pI0 vaidya) hisTarI Apha iDiyana liTeracara vAlyUma || haidarAbAda pAravayo lAjikala mIrIja saMkhyA 12

Page #35
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa bhagavAna mahAvIra aura unakI saMgha-paramparA dvitIya bhAga prathama pariccheda 1. mahAvIra se pUrva deza-kAla kI sthiti 2. bhagavAna mahAvIra ke gyAraha gaNadhara 3. antima kevalI jambU svAmI

Page #36

Page #37
1. mahAvIra se pUrva deza - kAla kI sthiti Aja se lagabhaga chabbIsa sau varSa pUrva bhArata kI sthiti atyanta viSama thii| cAroM ora hisA, asatya, zoSaNa, dambha aura anAcAra kA sAmrAjya thaa| deza kA vAtAvaraNa atyanta kSubdha, pIr3ita aura satrasta ho rahA thA / dharma kI ruci manda paDa gayI thii| brAhmaNa saMskRti ke baDhate hue varcasva meM zramaNa saMskRti davI jA rahI thI / jAti bheda kI durgandha me deza kA prANa ghuTa rahA thA / jAtibheda ke abhimAna ne brAhmaNo ko patita banA diyA thaa| IrSyA, dveSa, grahakAra, lobha, ajJAna, akarmaNyatA, krUratA aura dhUrtatAdi durguNAM kA nivAsa ho gayA thaa| bahudevatAvAda kI kalpanA sAkAra ho uThI thii| dharma ke nAma para mAnava adharma aura vikRtiyoM kA dAma vana gayA thaa| dharma kA sthAna yAjJika kriyAkANDo ne le liyA thA / yajJA meM ghRta, madhu grAdi ke sAtha pazu bhI home jAte the aura Dake kI coTa yaha ghoSaNA kI jAtI thI ki bhagavAna ne yajJa ke lie hI pazuo kI racanA kI | veda vihita yajJa meM kI jAne vAlI himA, hisA nahI kintu zrahimA hai / zastra ke dvArA mArane para jIva ko dukha hotA hai| isI zastravadha kA nAma pApa hai, hisA hai, kintu zastra ke binA veda mantroM se jo jIva mArA jAtA hai vaha loka dharma kahalAtA hai / mAnava adhikAro vA dina dahADe hanana hotA thA / vyakti kI sattA vinaSTa ho cukI thI / brAhmaNa hI dharmAnuSThAna ke ucca adhikArI mAne jAte the| zAsana vibhAga meM unhe khAsa riyAyataM prApta thI / baDe se baDA aparAdha karane para bhI unheM prANadaNDa nahIM diyA jAtA thA, jabaki dUsaro ko sAdhAraNa se sAdhAraNa aparAdha hone para mRtyudaNDa de diyA jAtA thaa| dharma kA sthAna adharma ne le liyA thA, arAjakatA kA sAmrAjya baDha rahA thaa| mAnavatA karAha rahI thI / usakI garimA kA patana ho cukA thaa| dharma rAjanIti kA eka kuNThita hathiyAra mAtra raha gayA thA / janatA kI grAmathA dharma se uTha cukI thI / svArthalolupa dharmaguru usake ThekedAra samajhe jAte the / sthiti atyanta dayanIya ho rahI thI / mUka pazuoM kI hatyA aura unake grAkrandana Adi se pRthvI tilamalA uThI thii| mAnava kA koI mUlya nahI raha gayA thaa| usakI cetanA ko lakavA mAra gayA thA / nArI kI sAmAjika sthiti bhayAvaha thI, usakA apaharaNa ho cukA thA / use dharma sAdhana karane kA korTa adhikAra prApta nahI thaa| ve veda Adi kI ucca zikSA me bhI vacita thI / 'na strI svAtantryamati' 'strI 1. yajJArthaM pazavaH sRSTA svayameva svayabhuvA / yajJamya bhUtyaM sarvasva tammAd yajJe vadho'vadha. / / yA vedavihitA himA niyatAmmizcarAcare / ahimAmeva tA vidyAd vedAd dharmo hi nirbabhau / / 2. yA vedavihina himA sa na himati nirNayaH / zastreNa hanyate yacca pIDA jantuSu jAyate // 70 sa eva dharmaevAsti loke dharmavidAvara / vedamahinyeta vinA zastreNa jantavaH // 76 - manusmRti 5 22, 3, 44 - skandha purANa ( 3 )

Page #38
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa bhAga 2 svatantra nahI ho sakatI jaisI kaThora prAjJAye pracalita thaa| stra aura zUdroM ko veda par3hane kA adhikAra nahI thA / ' zUdroM se pazupro jaisA vyavahAra kiyA jAtA thaa| unhe dharma sevana karane kA koI adhikAra prApta nahI thA / ve padadalita aura nIca samajha jAte the / unakI chAyA par3a jAne para unheM daNDita kiyA jAtA thA aura svarga ho jAne para saMcala snAna kiyA jAtA thA / zikSA-dIkSA aura dedAdi zAstroM ke sunane kA adhikAra kevala dvijAtiyoM ko thA / zudra ko veda kI RcAeM sunane para kAnoM meM zIzA bharane, bolane para jIbha kATane aura RcAoM ke kaThastha karane para zarIra naSTa kara dena vA kaThora vidhAna thA tathA yaha prArthanA kI jAtI thI ki unheM buddhi na de, yajJa kA prasAda na de aura vratAdi kA upadeza bhI na de / '4' yadyapi 3 ve tIrthakara pArzvanAtha ke nirvANa ko abhI pUre do sau varSa bhI vyatIta nahI hue the, kintu phira bhI unake saMgha aura dharma kI sthiti zocanIya ho gaI thii| tAtkAlika triyAkANDo ke prabhAva se jaina magha bhI achUtA nahI bacA thA / usameM bhI varNa aura jAti-bheda ke saskAroM kA prabhAva kisI na kisI rUpa meM praviSTa ho gayA thA / dhArmika saskAroM para bhI andhavizvAsa, himA aura rUr3hiyoM kA prabhAva prakita ho rahA thA / pArzvanAtha paramparA ke zramaNoM meM bhI zaithilya praviSTa ho gayA thaa| ve svayaM azakta ho rahe the| aisI sthiti meM hisaka kriyAkANDoM ko miTAnA unake liye sambhava nahI thA / rAjanaitika dRSTi se bhI ukta samaya uthala-puthala kA thA / usameM sthiratA nahI thii| kaI sthAnoM para prajAtantrAtmaka gaNarAjya the jinakA zAsana apekSAkRta sukhazAnti sampanna thaa| para yAjika triyAkANDoM meM hone vAlI hisA kA tAMDava dUra nahI huA thA aura na una rAjyoM meM aisI zakti hI thI, jo una yAjJika triyAkANDo se pA hisA kA nivAraNa kara pAo ko abhayadAna dilA sakaM / kyoMki azakta AtmA apanA svaya bhI utthAna nahIM kara sakatA, phira anya ke karane kA prazna hI nahI utthtaa| usa samaya deza kA vAtAvaraNa vipama ho rahA thaa| aisI sthiti meM kisI aise yogya netA kI AvazyakatA thI, jo grAtmavala se kAnti lA de aura yAjJika kriyAkANDoM kA virodha kara unameM ahisA kI bhAvanA bhara de / dharma ko dharma samajha kara jo kArya niSpanna kiyA jAtA thA, usameM parivartana lA de / dharma kI yathArtha paribhASA ko jana-mAnasa meM pratiSThita kara de aura janatA ke kaSToM ko dUra kara usake utthAna kA mArga sarala evaM sulabha banA de| usa samaya kisI aise zaktimAna netRtva kI AvazyakatA thI, jisake vyaktitva ke prabhAva se hiMsA kA tANDava ahimA meM pariNata ho ske| 'janatA meM ho koI avatAra nayA' kI AvAje uTha rahI thI / java anyAya atyAcAra ke sAtha dharma kI mAtrA adhika ho jAyA karatI hai, tabhI krAntikArI netA kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai| pariNAmasvarUpa loka me mahAvIra kA avatAra huA / 1 1 'na strI zUdrove da madhIyetAm vaziSTha-smRti 2. vedamupazRNvanastasya jatubhyAM zrotra pratipUn muccAraNaM rihvAcchedo dhAro zarIrabhedaH / ( gautama dharmamUtram 165 ) na zUdrAya mati dayAnnAMcchiSTa na haviSkRtam / na cAmyopadizeddharma na cAnya vratamAdizet / ( vaziSTha smRti 18, 12, 13)

Page #39
bhagavAna mahAvIra kI janma bhUmi bhagavAna mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi videha' deza kI rAjadhAnI vaizAlI thI, jise vartamAna meM vasAr3ha kahA jAtA hai| prAcIna kAla meM vaizAlI kI mahattA aura pratiSThA zaktizAlI gaNatantra kI rAjadhAnI hone ke kAraNa adhika bar3ha gaI thii| mujaphpharapura jile kI gaMDakI nadI ke samIpa sthita vasAr3ha hI prAcIna vaizAlI hai| use rAjA vizAla kI rAjadhAnI banane kA saubhAgya prApta huA thA / pAlI granthoM meM vaizAlI ke sambandha meM likhA hai ki- dIvAroM ko tIna bAra haTA kara vizAla karanA par3A thA, isIlie isakA nAma vaizAlI huA jAna par3atA hai| vaizAlI meM usa samaya aneka upazAkhA nagara the jinase usakI zobhA ora bhI dviguNita ho gaI thI / prAcIna vaizAlI kA vaibhava apUrva thA aura usameM cAturvarNa ke loga nivAsa karate the / vajjI deza kI zAmaka jAtiyoM meM mukhya licchavi the / licchavi ucca vazIya kSatriya the / unakA vaza usa samaya atyanta pratiSThita samajhA jAtA thA / yaha jAti apanI vIratA, dhIratA, dRr3hatA, satyatA aura parAkramAdi ke liye prasiddha thI / inakA paraspara saMgaThana aura rIti rivAja, dharma aura zAsana praNAlI sabhI uttama the| inakA zarIra atyanta kamanIya aura proja evaM teja se sampanna thaa| ye apane liye vibhinna raMgoM ke vastroM kA upayoga karate the aura acche prAbhUSaNa pahanate the / paraspara meM eka dUsare ke sukha-dukha meM kAma Ate the| yadi kisI ke ghara koI utsava vagairaha yA iSTa-viyoga Adi jaisA kAraNa bana jAtA thA to saba loga usake ghara pahuMcate the, aura use aneka taraha se sAntvanA pradAna karate the pratyeka kArya ko nyAya-nIti se sampanna karate the / ve nyAyapriya aura nirbhaya vRtti thaM tathA svArthaparatA se dUra rahate the / ve ekatA aura nyAyapriyatA ke kAraNa ajeya bane hue the| ve apane sabhI kAryo kA nirNaya paraspara meM vicAra-vinimaya se karate the| rAjA ceTaka usa gaNatantra ke pradhAna the / rAjA caMTaka kI rAnI kA nAma bhadrA thA, jo bar3I hI vidupI aura zIlAdi sadguNoM se vibhUSita thii| rAjA caMTaka kI sAta putriyA~ auaura sihbhadrAdi daza putra the / sihabhadra kI sAto bahanoM ke nAma- priyakAriNI ( trizalA ), suprabhA, prabhA 1. gaNDakI nadI se lekara campArana taka kA pradeza videha athavA nIrabhukta ( tirahuta) ke nAma se bhI khyAta thA / zakti saMgama tantra ke nimna padya se usakI spaSTa sUcanA milatI hai| : gaNDakItIramArabhya campAraNyAntakaM zive / videhabhUH samAkhyAtA nIrabhuktAbhidhAM manu // (a) atha vajrAmideze vidyAlI nagarI nRpaH // (grA) videho zrIra licchaviyoM ke pRthak pRthak saMgho ko milA kara vRjiyA vajriNa thaa| samUce vRji saMgha kI rAjadhAnI vaizAlI hI thii| usake sthAna para bar3e-bar3e daravAje aura gopura ( paharA dene ke mInAra ) bane hue the / - bhAratIya itihAsa kI rUparekhA pR0 310 se 313 (i) vajjI deza meM Ajakala kA campArana aura mujaphpharapura, jilA darabhaMgA kA adhikAMza bhAga tathA chaparA jile kA mirjApura, parasA, sonapura ke thAne tathA anya kucha zrIra bhUbhAga samminita the / - purAtatva nibandhAvalI pR0 12 2. ( a ) atha vajrAbhidhe deze vizAlI nagarI nRpaH / asyAM keo'mya bhAryAmIt yazomatiriti prabhA / / vinayAcAra saMpannaH pratApAkAntazatravaH / prabhUt sAdhukRtAnandazceTakAkhyaH suno'nayoH // -- hariNakathAkoSa 55 zloka 165 eka hI magha yA garaNa bana gayA thA jisakA nAma cAroM ora tiharA paravoTA thA jisameM sthAna 5 - vRhatkathAkoSa 55 - 166-167

Page #40
6 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa bhAga 2 vatI, mRgAvatI, jyeSThA, celanA aura candanA thaa| inameM trizalA kuNDapura ke rAjA siddhArtha ko vivAhI thI / suprabhA dazArNa deza ke rAjA dazaratha ko, aura prabhAvatI kacchadeza ke rAjA udAyana kI rAnI thii| mRgAvatI kauzAmbI ke rAjA zatAnIka kI patnI thI / calanA magadha ke rAjA vimbasAra (zreNika) kI paTarAnI thI / jyeSThA aura candanA Ajanma brahmacAriNI rhii| ye dono hI bhagavAna mahAvIra ke sagha meM dIkSita huI thii| unameM candanA AryikA zrI meM pramukha thI, sagha kI gaNanI thI / sihabhadra vajjisagha kI senA ke senApati the / isa taraha ceTaka kA parivAra khUba sampanna thaa| vajjisaMgha meM gaNatantra sammilita the, jinameM vRji, licchavi, jJAtrika, videha, ugra, bhoga aura kauravAdi ATha jAtiyA~ zAmila thI / ha vRja logoM meM pratyeka gAva kA eka saradAra rAjA kahalAtA thaa| licchaviyoM ke aneka rAjA the, aura unameM pratyeka ke uparAja, senApati aura kopAdhyakSa Adi alaga-alaga hote the / ye saba rAjA apane apane gAMva ke svataMtra zAsaka the; kintu rAjya kArya kA saMcAlana eka sabhA yA pariSad dvArA hotA thA / yaha paripada hI licchaviyoM kI pradhAna - zAmana zakti thI / zAsana prabandha ke liye sabhavata unameM se nau zrAdamI gaNa rAjA cune jAte the / inakA rAjyAbhiSeka eka pokharanI ke jala se hotA thA / vaizAlI gaNatatra ke adhikAza nivAsI vrAtya kahalAte the / ye arhanta ke upAsaka the / unameM jainiyoM ke teIsaveM tIrthakara bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kA zAsana yA dharma pracalita thA / vartamAna vasAda ke samIpa hI 'vAsukuNDa' nAma kA grAma hai, vahA~ ke nivAsI paramparA se eka sthala ko bhagavAna mahAvIra kI janma bhUmi mAnate Aye hai aura unhoMne pUjya bhAva se usa para kabhI hala nahI calAyA / samIpa hI eka vizAla kuNDa hai, jo aba bhara gayA hai aura jItA boyA jAtA hai| vaizAlI kI khudAI me eka aisI prAcIna mudrA bhI milI hai, jisame 'vaizAlI nAma ku De' aisA ullekha hai| ina saba pramANo ke AdhAra para vidvAno ne vAsukuNDa ko mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi kuNDagrAma svIkAra kiyA hai| vaizAlI ke pazcima meM gaNDakI nadI bahatI thii| usake pazcima taTa para kSatriya kuNDapura, brAhmaNa kuNDapura, vANijyagrAma, karmAragrAma aura kollAga sanniveza Adi upanagara evaM zAkhAnagara avasthita the| kSatriya-kuNDapura meM gAna, gAna, jJAna yA NAha kSatriyoM ke pAcamo ghara pe / rAjA siddhArtha kSatriya kuNDapura ke adhinAyaka the| ve rAjA sarvArtha aura rAnI zrImatI ke dharmAtmA putra the / unheM prayAsa aura yazAza bhI kahate the| ve kAzyapa vaza ke camakate ratna the / siddhArtha vIra yoddhA aura parAkramI zAsaka the / rAjA siddhArtha kA vivAha vegAlI gaNataMtra ke adhyakSa rAjA ceTaka kI atyanta sundara evaM viduSA putrI trizalA ke sAtha sampanna huA thA, jisakA apara nAma 'priya - kAriNI' thA, aura jo loka meM 'videhadattA' ke nAma se prasiddha thI / vaha puNyAtmA prora saubhAgyazAlinI thI / rAjA siddhArtha nAtha yA jJAta kSatriyoM ke pramukha netA ke rUpa meM gyAna the| isI kAraNa ve siddhArtha kahalAte the / ve zastra aura zAstra vidyA meM pAragAmI the aura bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke upAsaka the / (grA) sindhvAvyaviSaye bhUbhad vaizAlI nagare'bhavat / arrant viyAno vinIta paramArhata. // 3 // tamya devI mubhadrAmyA tayo putrA dazAbhavan / ghanAkhyo dantabhadrAntAvupendro 'nya sudattavAn // 4 // mihabhadra sukumbhojo kaMpana sapanagavaH / prabhajana prabhAmazca dharmA iva munirmalA ||5|| - uttara purANe guNabhadra pa 75 1. bhAratIya itihAsa ko rUpa-rekhA bhA0 1 pR0 134 2 zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra pRSTha 5 3. zvetAmbarIya granthoM meM trizalA ko rAjA ceTaka kI bahina batalAyA hai| ceTaka kI anya putriyo ke nAmoM meM bhI vibhibhinnatA hai / candanA ko pragadeza ke rAjA dadhivAhana kI putrI batalAyA hai /

Page #41
mahAvIra kA janma bhagavAna mahAvIra kA jIva acyuta kalpa ke puppottara nAmaka vimAna me cyUta hokara ASADha zuklA SaSThI ke dana, jabaki hasta aura uttarA nakSatroM ke madhya me candramA avasthita thA, trizalA devI ke garbha meM aayaa| usI rAtri meM trizalA devI ne solaha svapna deve', jinakA phala gajA siddhArtha ne batalAyA ki tumhAre zUravIra, dharma-nIrtha ke pravartaka aura parAkramI putra kA janma hogA jo apanI samujjvala kIti meM janatA kA kalyANa karegA / bhagavAna mahAvIra jabase trizalA ke garbha meM pAye, tabase gajA siddhArtha ke ghara meM vipUla dhana-dhAnya kI vRddhi hone lagI, rAjya meM sukha-samRddhi huI / siddhArtha ke ghara meM aparimita dhana aura vaibhava meM baDhottarI hotI huI dekhakara janatA ko bar3A prAzcarya hotA thA ki siddhArtha kA vaibhava itanA adhika kyoM bar3ha rahA hai aura usakI pratiSThA meM bhI nirantara vaddhi ho rahI hai| nau mahIne aura ATha dina vyatIta hone para caitra zuklA trayodagI kI ratri meM maumya grahoM aura zubha lagna meM jaba candramA avasthita thA, uttarA phAlguNI nakSatra ke mamaya bhagavAna mahAvIra kA janma huaa| putrotpatti kA zubha 1.(ka) siddhArthanapatitanayo bhAratavAsye videha kRNDapare / devyA priyakAriNyAM mumvapnAna mapradarya vibhuH / / bhASADhasumitaSaSThayAM hastottara madhyamAthite zazini / ApAta: svargamukha bhuktvA puSponarAdhIzaH ||-(nirvaannbhkni) (kha) yahA~ yaha prakaTa kara denA anucita na hogA ki zvetAmbarIya kalpamUtra pora Avazyaka bhASya me 82 dina bAda mahAvIra ke garbhApahAra kI pramabhava aura aprAkRtika ghaTanA kA ullekha kiyA hai| yaha ghaTanA brAhmaNo ko nIcA dikhAne kI dRSTi se ghar3I I pratIta hotI hai / usame kRSNa ke garbhApahAra kA anumaraga pAyA jAtA hai| zvetAmbara sampradAya me use acharA yA daza pAzcaryoM meM ganAyA gayA hai / digambara sampradAya ke kisI bhI grantha me isa ghaTanA kA ullekha taka nahI hai / dUmare yaha bAta mabhava bhI nahI jctii| pabhI tIrthakaro aura mahApuruSo ko jaba eka hI mAtA-pitA kI mantAna batalAyA gayA hai taba bhagavAna mahAvIra ke do-do mAtA-pitA kA ullekha karanA kamai ucita kahA jA sakatA hai ? yaha ghaTanA avaijJAnika bhI hai| itihAsa meM premI eka bhI ghaTanA kA ullekha dekhane me nahI pAyA jisame eka hI bAlaka ke do pitA aura do mAtA ho| vasudeva kI patnI devakI ke garbha ko mAtave mahIne me divya zakti ke dvArA patnI rohiNI ke garbha meM rakhe jAne kI jo bAta hinda paurANika pAkhyAnoM meM pracalita thI, usakA anusaraNa karake mahAvIra ke liye bhI aimI aprAkRtika adabhuta ghaTanA ko kinhI vidvAnoM ne acherA va hakara aga-sUtro me akita kara diyA / zvetAmbarI mAnya vidvAna paM0 sukhalAlajI bhI ime anucita batalAte hai| cAra tIrthakara pa0 106 2. (a) siddha sthagaya piyakAriNIhi Nayarammi kuDale viiro| utaraphagguNirikve cipiyA teramIe uprnno||-tilo. 50 (pA) caitra mita pakSa phAlgani zazAka yoge dine trayodazyA / jaje svoccasyepa graheSu maumyepa zabhalagne / / -nirvANa bhakti (i) "mAsADha joha pakgva-ghaTThIe kuDapura NagarAhiva-gAhama-siddhatya-gagdissa tisalA devIe gambhamAgatUgNa' nattha pradivasAhiya raNavamAse acchipa caitta sukkha-pakva neramIe rattIe uttaraphagguNI gakkhatte gambhAdo Ni kvano baDaDhamANa jiriMNado // -jaya dha0 bhA0 1 pR0 76-77 (i) unmIlitAvadhidazA mahama, viditvA tajjanma bhaktibharata: praNatottamAgAH / ghaTAninAdamamavetanikAyamukhyA dRSTayA yayustaditi kuNDapura surendrAH ||-prsgkssi kRna vardhamAna carita

Page #42
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa bhAga 2 samAcAra dene vAloM ko khaba pAritoSika diyA gayA aura nagara putrotpatti kI khuzI meM toraNoM aura dhvaja-paMktiyoM se alaMkRta kiyA gayA / sundara vAditroM kI madhura dhvani me ambara gUja utthaa| yAcaka janoM ko manavAMchita dAna diyA gyaa| usa samaya nagara meM dIna dukhiyoM kA prAyaH abhAva-sA thaa| nagara ke sabhI naranArI harSAtireka se Anandita the| dhapa-ghaToM meM udagata sugandhita dhamra me nagara marabhita ho rahA thaa| jidhara jAiye udhara hI bAlaka mahAvIra janmotsava kI dhama aura kalarava sunAI par3a rahA thaa| deva aura indroM ne bhagavAna mahAvIra kA janmotsava manAyA aura sumeru parvata para le jAkara indra ne unake janmAbhipaMka kA mahotsava dhUma-dhAma se sampanna kiyA aura bAlaka ko divya vastrAbhUSaNoM meM alakRta kiyA gyaa| bAlaka kA janma janatA ke liye bar3A hI mukhaprada hayA thaa| unake janma ke samaya sasAra ke sabhI jIvoM ne kSaNika zAnti kA anubhava kiyA thaa| indra ne zrAvRddhi ke kAraNa bAlaka kA nAma varddhamAna rakkhA / bAlaka ke jAtakarmAdi maskAra kiye ge| rAjA siddhArtha ne svajana-sambandhiyoM, parijanoM, mitroM, nagara ke pratiSThita vyaktiyoM, saradAroM aura jAtIya janoM ko tathA nagaranivAmiyoM kA bhojana, pAna, vastra, alakAra aura tAmbUlAdi se ucita sanmAna kiyaa| bAlya-jIvana vAlaka varddhamAna bAlyakAla meM hI pratibhAsampanna, parAkramI, vIra, nirbhaya aura mati-zrata-avadhi rUpa tIna jJAna netroM ke dhAraka the| unakA zarIra atyanta sundara, sammohaka evaM oja teja se sampanna thaa| unakI saumya prAkRti dekhate hI banatI thii| unakA madhara maMbhApaNa prakRtita: bhadra aura lokahitakArI thaa| unakA zarIra dUja ke candra ke mamAna pratidina bar3ha rahA thaa| pA patnIya maMjaya (jayamena) aura vijaya nAma ke do cAraNa muniyoM ko isa bAta meM bhArI sandeha utpanna ho gayA thA ki manyu ke bAda jIva kimI dUsarI paryAya meM janma letA hai yA nhiiN| varddhamAna ke janma ke kucha samaya bAda una cAraNa muniyoM ne jaba varddhamAna tIrthakara ko dekhA, usI samaya unakA vaha sandeha dUra ho gyaa| ataeva unhoMne bhakti meM unakA nAma manmati rakvA' / unakA zarIra atyanta rUpavAna aura sarvalakSaNoM se bhUpita thaa| ve janma-mamaya ke dama anidAyoM meM sampanna the| eka dina indra kI sabhA meM devoM meM yaha carcA cala rahI thI ki isa samaya sabase adhika zaktizAlI zuravIra varddhamAna haiN| yaha sunakara 'maMgama' nAma kA eka deva unakI parIkSA karane ke liye paayaa| pAte hI usane dekhA ki dedIpyamAna AkAra ke dhAraka bAlaka varddhamAna samavayaska aneka bAlaka rAjakamAroM ke mAtha eka vRkSa para caDhe hA krIr3A karane meM tatpara haiN| yaha dekha saMgama deva inheM DarAvane kI icchA se eka bar3e sAMpa 1. (ka) sajayampArthamaMdehe majAne vijayamya ca / janmAnantaramevanamabhyetyAlokamAtrataH // 282 tatsaMdehe gate nAbhyAM cAraNAbhyAM mvabhaktitaH / prastvepa manmatirdevo bhAvIti mamudAhRtaH // 283 -uttara purANa parva 74 (kha) nivRtto jayasenAbhracAriNA vijayena ca / nanveSa manmatirdeva ityuktaH prmdaadsau||26 -triSaSThi smRti zAstra

Page #43
vaigagya aura dIkSA kA rUpa dhAraNa kara usa vRkSa kI jar3a se lekara skandha taka lipaTa gayA / saba bAlaka use dekhakara bhaya se kApa uThe aura zIghra hI DAliyoM para se nIce kUda kara bhAgane lge| parantu rAjakumAra varddhamAna ke hRdaya meM jaga bhI bhaya kA saMcAra na hayA / ve usake vizAla phaNa para car3hakara umame krIDA karane lge| marpa kA rUpa dhAraNa karane vAlA sagama deva unakI vIratA aura nirbhayatA ko dekhakara vimmita huyA pora apanA asalI rUpa prakaTa kara unhe namaskAra kiyA, stuti kI aura unakA nAma 'mahAvIra' rakkhA / mahAkavi dhanajaya ne nAmamAlA meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke manmati, ativIra, mahAvIra, antyakAzyapa, nAthAnvaya aura varddhamAna nAmo kA ullekha kiyA hai aura batalAyA hai ki isa samaya unhI kA zAsana pracalita hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra kA gotra kAzyapa thaa| unake teja puja meM vaizAlI kA gajya-zAsana camaka uThA thaa| usa samaya vaizAlI aura kuNDapura kI zobhA dviguNita ho gaI thI aura vaha indrapurI me kama nahIM thii| * vairAgya aura dIkSA bhagavAna mahAvIra kA bAlya-jIvana uttarottara yuvAvasthA meM pariNata hotA gyaa| isa avasthA meM bhI unakA citta bhogo kI aora nahI thaa| yadyapi unhe bhoga aura upabhoga kI vastuoM kI kamI nahI thI, kintu unake antarmAnasa meM unake prati koI AkarpaNa nahI thaa| ve jala me kamalavana uname nimpaha rahate the| ve usa kAla meM hone vAlI vipama paristhiti meM paricita the| gajyakArya meM bhI unakA mana nahIM lagatA thaa| rAjA siddhArtha ora mAtA trizalA unhe gahastha-mArga ko apanAne kI preraNA karate the aura cAhate the ki varddhamAna kA citta kimI taraha rAjya-kArya ke saMcAlana kI ora ho / eka dina rAjA siddhArtha mora mAtA trigalA ne mahAvIra ko vaivAhika sambandha karane ke lie prerita kiyaa| liga deza kA rAjA jitazatru, jinake mAtha rAjA siddhArtha kI choTI bahina yazodA kA vivAha hAmA thA, apanI putrI yazodayA ke sAtha kumAra vartamAna kA vivAha sambandha karanA cAhatA thaa| parantu kumAra varddha 1. (a) uttara pagaNa parva 78 zloka 288 se 265 (mA) vIra. zUrodha nenyukti mugagAmindrasaMsadi / zrutvA saGgamako'nye gagatamta parIkSitum // 27 // dRSTvA krIDantamudyAne'yamAmDho nRpAtmajaH / kAkapakSadharai mAdha mavayobhirmahApharaNI // 28 / / bhUtvA veSTitAbhAmkandhAdagthAttadbhayato'gvilAH / viTapibhyo nipatyAga rAjapatrA palAyatAH // 26 vIro'sthAdArA bhISma mAtraka badarIramat / ' tataH prIto mahAvIra ityAmyAM tamya savyadhAt // 30 tripapThi smRti zAstram pR. 154 2. sanmati: mahativIra: mahAvIro'ntyaka:zyapaH / nAthAnvayaH vardhamAnaH yattIrtha miha sAmpratam / / -dhanajaya nAmamAlA

Page #44
10 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa bhAga 2 mAna ne vivAha karane se sarvathA inakAra kara diyA aura virakta hokara tapa meM sthita ho gye|' isase rAjA jitazatru kA manoratha pUrNa na ho skaa| mahAvIra ke vivAha sambandha meM zvetAmbaroM kI mAnyatA isa prakAra hai : zvetAmbara sampradAya meM mahAvIra ke vivAha sambandha meM do mAnyatAyeM pAI jAtI haiM - vivAhita aura avivaahit| kalpamUtra aura Avazyaka bhApya kI vivAhita mAnyatA hai aura samavAyAMga sUtra, ThANAMgasUtra, paumacariu tathA prAvazyaka niryaktikAra dvitIya bhadrabAha kI avivAhita mAnyatA hai| yathA-"egaNavIsaM titthayarA gAravAsa majjhe vasittA muMDe bhavittA NaM agArApro aNagAriyaM pvviyaa|" (samavAyAMga mUtra 16 pR0 35) isa mUtra meM 16 tathaMkaroM kA ghara meM raha kara aura bhoga bhogakara dIkSita honA batalAyA gayA hai| isameM mpaSTa hai ki zeSa pAMca tIrthaGkara kumAra avasthA meM hI dIkSita hue haiN| isI se TIkAkAra abhayadeva muri ne apanI vRtti meM 'zepAstu pacakumArabhAva evetyAha ca' vAkya ke sAtha 'vAraM ariTTanemi' nAma kI do gAthAeM uddhana kI haiM vIraM riTTanemi pAsa malli ca vAsupujjaM c| e e mottaNa jiNe avasesA pAsi rAyANo / / 221 rAyakulesu vi jAyA visuddhavaMsesu vi khatti kulesu / na ya icchiyAbhiseyA kumAravAsaMmi pacvaiyA // 222 / / - Avazyaka niyukti patra 136 ina gAthAoM meM batalAyA gayA hai ki vIra, ariSTanemi, pArzvanAtha, malli aura vAsupUjya ina pA~coM ko chor3akara zepa 16 tIrthaGkara gajA hue the / ye pAMcoM tIrthakara vizuddha vaMzoM, kSatriya kuloM aura rAjakuloM meM utpanna hone para bhI rAjyAbhiSeka rahita kumAra avasthA meM hI dIkSita hae the| Avazyaka niryakti kI 226 vI gAthA meM ukta pAMca tIrthakaroM ko 'paDhamavae pavvaiyA' vAkya dvArA prathama avasthA (kumAra kAla) meM dIkSita honA batalAyA hai| ukta niryakti kI nimna gAthA meM isa viSaya ko aura bhI spaSTa kiyA gayA hai : gAmAyArA visayA niseviyA te kumAravajje hi / gAmAgarAie saya kesi (sa) vihAro bhave kassa / 255 Agamodaya samiti meM prakAzita Avazyaka niyukti kI malayagiri TIkA meM mahAvIra kA nAma chapane se ma spaSTa rUpa se batalAyA hai ki pA~ca kUmAra tIrthaGkarA kA chAr3a kara zaSa na bhoga bhoge haiN| kumAra kA artha avivAhita avasthA meM hai| parantu kalpasUtra kI samaravIra rAjA kI putrI yazodA se vivAha sambandha hone, usame priyadarzanA nAma kI lar3akI ke utpanna hone aura usakA vivAha jamAli ke sAtha karane kI mAnyatA kA mUlAdhAra kyA hai yaha kucha mAlUma nahIM hotA, aura na mahAvIra ke dIkSita hone se pUrva evaM pazcAt yazodA ke zeSa 1 (a) bhavAnna ki zreNika vetti bhUpati napendramiddhArthakanIyasIpatim / imaM giddha jitazatramAkhyayA pratApavantaM jitazatrumaNDalam // 6 // jinendravIrasya samudbhavotsave tadAgataH kuNDapura suhRtparaH / supUjitaH kuNDapurasya bhUbhRtA nRpo'pramAkhaNDalatulyavikramaH // 7 // yazodayAyA sutayA yazodayA pavitrayA vIravivAhamaMgalam / anekakanyAparivArayAruhatsamIkSita tugamanorathaM tadA // 8 // sthite 'tha nAthe tapasi svayaMbhUvi prajAtakaivalyavizAlalocane / jagadvibhUtyai viharatyapi kSiti kSiti vihAya sthitavAMstapasyayam // 6 // -harivaMza purANa, jinasenAcArya, parva 66 (prA) prAcArya yativRSabha ne tiloya paNpattI' ko 'vIra paritunemi' nAmaka gAthA meM vAsupUjya, malli, neminAtha aura pArzvanAtha ke sAtha varddhamAna ko bhI pAMca bAlayati tIrthaMkaroM meM gaNanA kI hai, jinhoMne kumAra avasthA meM hI dIkSA grahaNa ko thii| isa sambandha meM digambara sampradAya kI eka hI mAnyatA hai|

Page #45
bairAgya aura dIkSA jIvana athavA usakI mRtyu Adi ke sambandha me hI koI ullekha zvetAmbarIya sAhitya meM upalabdha hotA hai, jisase yaha kalpanA bhI niSprANa evaM nirAdhAra jAna paDatI hai ki yazodA alpajIvI thI, aura vaha bhagavAna mahAvIra ke dIkSita hone se pUrva hI divagata ho cukI thii| ata umako mRtyu ke bAda bhagavAna mahAvIra brahmacArI rahane se brahmacArI ke rUpa meM prasiddha ho gaye the| kumAra varddhamAna apanA prAtma-vikAsa karate hue jagata kA kalyANa karanA cAhate the| isI kAraNa unhe sAsArika bhoga aura upabhoga arucikara pratIta hote the| ve rAjya-vaibhava meM pale pora raha rahe the, kintu ve jala me kamalavata rahate hA ume eka kArAgRha ho samajha rahe the| unakA anta karaNa sAmArika bhogAkAkSAo se virakta aora loka-kalyANa kI bhAvanA me prota-prota thA / ata vivAha-mambandha kI carcA hone para ume asvIkAra karanA samucita hI thaa| kumAra vartamAna svabhAvata hI vairAgyagIla the| unakA anta.karaNa prazAnta aura dayA me bharapUra thA, ve dIna-dukhiyo ke dukho kA anna karanA cAhate the| isa samaya unakI avasthA 28 varSa 7 mAha aura 12 dina kI ho cako tho|' prata Atmonkarpa kI bhAvanA nirantara baDha raho tho, jo antima dhyeya kI mAdhikA hI nahIM, kintu usake mUrta rUpa hone kA saccA pratIka thii| ata bhagavAna mahAvIra ne dAdaza bhAvanAyo vA cintana karate hue samAra kA anitya eva agaraNAdirUpa anubhava kiyaa| unhe sAsArika vaibhava kI asthiratA eva vinazvaratA kA svarUpa pratibhAmita ho rahA thA aura anta karaNa ko vatti usame udAmIna ho rahI thii| ata unhone rAjya-vibhUti ko choDa kara jina-dokSA lene kA dRDha sakalpa kiyaa| unakI lokopakArI isa bhAvanA kA lokAntika devo ne abhinandana kiyaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra candraprabhA nAma kI zivikA (pAlakI) me baiTha kara nagara meM bAhara nikale aura jJAta khaNDa nAma ke vana me mArgazira kRSNA dazamI ke dina apagaha me jabaki candramA hastottarA nakSatra ke madhya meM sthita thA, pAThopavAma se dIkSA grahaNa kii| va middha parameSThiyo ko namaskAra kara agoka vakSa ke nIce zilAmana para uttara dizA kI ora mukha kara virAjamAna.hae / sarva vAhyAbhyantara parigraha kA tyAga kara-bahamutya vastrAbhUpaNo ko utAra kara phaka diyA aura paca muSTiyo meM apane kezo kA lauca kara ddaalaa| isa taraha bhagavAna mahAvIra ne digambara mudrA dhAraNa kI aura prAtmadhyAna me tanmaya ho ge| dIkSA lete hI unhe mana.paryayajJAna utpanna ho gyaa| upavAsa kI parisamApti para jaba ve pAraNA ke lie vana se nikale aura vidyAdharo ke nagara ke mamAna suzobhita kulagrAma kI nagarI (vartamAna kari grAma) meM pahuMce, vahA~ kula nAma ke rAjA ne bhaktibhAva meM unake darzana kiye, tIna pradakSiNAeM dI, ora caraNo me sira jhakA kara namaskAra kiyA, unakI pUjA kI aura mana, vacana kAya kI zuddhipUrvaka navadhAbhakti se paramAnna (vIra) kA AhAra diyaa| dAna ke prAnuSaGgika phalasvarUpa usa rAjA ke ghara paMcAzcaryo kI varSA huI / AhAra lekara varddhamAna puna tapa me sthita ho gae aura Atma-sAdhanA ke liye kaThora tapa kA AcaraNa karane lge| ve nirjana evaM durUha bano me vihAra 1 maNavayattagaNahamatulaM devakya seviUNa vaamaaii| aTTAbIsa sana ya mAme divame ya gArasaya / / prAbhiriNabohiyabuddho cha?Na ya mggaamiisbhulaae| dasamIe gikvato suramahido riNakkhamaNe pujjo / / -jayadhavalA bhA01pR0 78 2 nAnAvidharUpacitA vicitrakUTocchitA mariNavibhUSAm / candraprabhAkhya zivikAmAruhya pugadviniSkrAnta / 8 // mArgazirakRSNadazamI hastottaramadhyamAzrite some| SaSThena tvaparANhe bhavatena jina pravavrAja // 6 // -nirvANa bhakti pUjyapAda 3. dekho uttara puraNa parva 74 zloka 318 se 321

Page #46
12 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsabhAga 2 karake ekAnta sthAna meM nirbhaya ho yoga-sAdhanA karate the| ve tIna dina se adhika eka sthAna para nahIM Thaharate the| kintu varSA Rtu ko vitAne ke lie ve cAra mahIne eka sthAna para avazya Thaharate the aura maunapUrvaka tapa kA anupThAna karate the / ve aTThAIsa mUlaguNoM kA bar3I dRr3hatA se pAlana karate the| isa tapasvI jIvana meM mahAvIra ne aneka dezoM, nagageM aura grAmoM Adi vividha sthAnoM meM vihAra kara tapa dvArA prAtma-zodhana kiyaa| ve indriyajayI kaSAyoM ke rasa ko sukhAne ke lie nirantara prayatna karate the| dhyAna meM sthita ho Atmatatva kA cintana karate the| ve dhyAna meM isa taraha sthita hote the jaise koI pApANa-mUrti sthita ho| ve halana-calana se rahita niSkampa mUrti ho jAte the| kevalajJAna bhagavAna mahAvIra ne apane sAdhu-jIvana meM anazanAdi dvAdaza kaThora durdhara eva dupkara tapoM kA anuSThAna kiyaa| bhayAnaka hisra jIvoM se bharI haI aTavI meM vihAra kiyaa| DAsa-macchara, zIta, uSNa aura varSAdijanya ghora kapToM ko mahA / mAtha hI, upamarga-paripaho ko sahana kiyA parantu dUsaroM ke prati apane citta meM jarA bhI vikati ko sthAna nahI diyaa| yaha mahAvIra kI mahAnatA aura sahanazIlatA kA ucca Adarza hai| unhoMne bAraha varSa paryanta maunapUrvaka kaThora tapazcaryA kii| zramaNa mahAvIra zatru-mitra, mukha-dugva, pragamA-nindA, loha-kAcana aura jIvanamaraNAdi meM sama bhAva ko-moha kSobha se rahita vItarAga bhAva ko-avalambana kiye haye the|| ve sva-para kalpanA rUpa ahaMkAra mamakArAtmaka vikalpoM ko jIta cuke the aura nirbhaya hokara miha ke samAna grAma-nagarAdi meM svacchanda vicarate the / mahAvIra apane mAdhu-jIvana meM varSA Rtu ko chor3akara tIna dina se adhika eka sthAna para nahI tthhre| unake maunI-sAdha jIvana meM bhI janatA ko vizeSa lAbha pahuMcA thaa| anekoM ko abhayadAna milA, anekoM kA uddhAra hayA aura aneka ko patha-pradarzana milaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne zramaNa avasthA meM thAvastI, kauzAmvI, vArANasI. rAjagaha, nAlandA, vaizAlI Adi nagageM tathA rAr3ha Adi dezoM meM vihAra kiyA aura apanI yoga-sAdhanA meM niSThatA prApta kii| kauzAmbI meM to candanA kI ber3o TUTa gii| usane navadhAbhakti se unheM jo AhAra diyA, usame usane sAtizaya puNya kA macaya kiyaa| use seThAnI kI kaida se chuTakArA milA, duHkha kA avasAna huaa| yadyapi yamaNa mahAvIra ke mUni-jIvana meM hone vAle upasargo kA digambara sAhitya meM zvetAmbara paramparA ke sAhitya ke mamAna ullekha upalabdha nahIM hotA, kintu pAMcavI zatAbdI ke prAcArya yativRpabha racita tiloya paNNattI ke caturthAdhikAra gata 1620 nambara kI gAthA ke nimna-sattama tevIsatima titthayarANaM ca uvasaggo' vAkya meM sAtave, teIsavaM aura antima tIrthakara mahAvIra ke sopasarga hone kA spaSTa ullekha kiyA gayA hai| isase mahAvIra ke sopasarga jIvana kA spaSTa AbhAma mila jAtA hai| bhale hI unameM kucha atizayokti meM kAma liyA gayA ho; parantu zramaNa mahAvIra ke sopasarga mAdhu jIvana se inakAra nahI kiyA jA sktaa| uttara pUrANa meM mahAvIra ke sopasarga jIvana kI ghaTanA kA ullekha milatA hai| usameM likhA hai ki-kisI samaya bhagavAna mahAvIra bhramaNa karate hA ujjainI kI pratimuktaka smazAna bhUmi meM pratimA-yoga dhyAna se virAjamAna the| unheM dekha kara mahAdeva nAma ke rudra ne apanI duSTatA meM unake dhairya kI parIkSA lenI caahii| ataH usane rAtri ke samaya aneka baDe baDe vaMtAloM kA rUpa banAkara upasarga kiyaa| ve tIkSNa camar3A chIla kara eka dUsare ke udara meM praveza karanA cAhate the| 1. sama-sattu-bandhu vaggo sama-suha-dukkho psNs-rinnd-smo| sama-loTa-kaMcaraNo puraNa jIvida-maraNe samo smnno|| -pravacanasAra 3.41

Page #47
kevalajJAna ve khole hue mukho se atyanta bhayakara dIkhate the / inake atirikta sarpa, hAthI, miha, agni aura vAyu ke sAtha bhIloM kI senA banAkara upasarga kiyaa| isa taraha pApa kA arjana karane meM nipUNa u ma rudra ne apanI vidyA ke prabhAva me bhISaNa upasarga kiye kintu vaha unhe dhyAna se vicalita karane meM samartha na ho mkaa| anta meM usane unake mahati aura mahAvIra nAma rakhakara stuti kI ora apane sthAna ko calA gayA / ' zvetAmbara sampradAya kI prAcAgaGga niryakti meM varddhamAna ko chor3a kara zepa 23 northavage ke tapa karma ko nirupasarga batalAyA hai| anya zvetAmbarIya granthA meM bhI mahAvIra ke upasarga kI aneka ghaTanAe ullikhita milatI hai, jiname spaSTa hai ki mahAvIra ko apane mAdha-jIvana meM aneka upasarga aura parIpaho kA sAmanA karanA par3A, parantu ve uname racamAtra bhI vicalita nahIM hue, pratyuta prAnmamahiNatA me unake prAnmaprabhAva me hA abhivRddhi huI prora logoM ne unake amita mAhama aura prarya kI sarAhanA kii| mahAvIra apane mAdha-jovana me paca mamitiyA ke mAtha mana-vacana-kAyarUpa tIna guptiyo ko jItaneunhe vaza meM karane aura pacendriyo ko unaka vipayo me nirodha karane tathA kapAya-cakra ko kuzana malla ka samAna mala-mala kara niSprANa eva rama rahita banAne athavA kapAyA ke rasa ko mukhAne, unakI zakti kA nirbala karate hae kSINa karane kA upakrama karane hetU, darzana-jJAna-cAritra ko sthiratA se mamatA eva mayata jIvana vyatIta karate hae samasta paradravyo ke vikalpo se zUnya vizuddha prAtma svarUpa meM nimna na vani se avagAhana karate the / zramaNa mahAvIra ko isa taraha grAma, kheTa, karvaTa, aora vana maTambAdi aneka sthAnA meM mAnapUrvaka ugrAgra tapazcaraNA kA anuSThAna eva AcaraNa karate hae bAraha varSa, pAca mahIne aura pandraha dina kA samaya vyanota ho gyaa| unheM ina bAraha varSoM ke samaya meM bAraha cAturmAmo meM cAra cAra mahIne eka eka sthAna para rahanA par3A, parantu apanI mona vRtti ke kAraNa unhone kabhI kisI se sabhASaNa taka nahIM kiyA aura na kimI ko upadezAdi dvArA ho tupTa kiyA / upasarga aura parIpaho ke kaThina avasaro para bhI samabhAva kA prAthaya liyA / mahAvIra kA sAdha-jIvana kaSTamahipNa aura 1 dekho, uttara pugaNa parva 74 zloka 331 se 336 2. samvemi tavo kamma nisvamagga tu vaNiyaM jiNAga / navara na baDhamAraNamsa movamagga mugaNeyava / / 276 / / __ AcAgaga niyukti grAma pura kheTa kaTa maTabaghogAkarAnpravijahAra / ustapovidhAnAdazavarSANyama rapUjya // 10 // nirvANabhakti (ka) zvetAmbara sampradAya me Amataura para nIrthaMkaro ke maunapUrvaka tAzcaraNa kA vidhAna nahIM hai kintu unake yahA~ jahA tahI varSAvAma meM caumAmA binAne aura chAmya avasthA meM pradezAdi mvaya dene athavA yakSAdi ke dvArA dilAne kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai| parantu prAcArAGga sUtra ke TIkAkAra gIlAka ne mAdhika bAraha varSa taka maunapUrvaka tapazcaraNa karana kA digambara paramparA ke samAna hI vidhAna kiyA hai / ve vAkya isa prakAra hai . "nAnAvidhAbhitapato ghorAna parISahopasargAnapi sahamAno mahAsatvatayA mlecchAnapyupazamana nayana dvAdazavarSANi sAdhikAni chadamastho maunavratI tpshccaar|" -(prAcArAga sUtravRtti pR0 273) prAcArya zIlAka ke isa ullekha para me zvetAmbara sampradAya me bhI tIrthakara mahAvIra ke maunapUrvaka tapazcaraNa kA vidhAna hone me chadamastha avasthA me upadezAdi kI kalpanA nirarthaka jAna par3atI hai| dhavalATIkA me mahAvIra ke tapazcaraNa kA kAla bAraha varSa sADhe pAca mahInA batalAyA hai gamaiya chadumatthatta bArasavAsANi paca mAseya / paNNArasa diraNANi ya tirayaNa suddho mhaaviiro|| -dhavalA me uddhata prAcIna gAthA

Page #48
4 sayama kI nirdoSa caryA se dedIpyamAna rahA hai / isa taraha mahAvIra antarbAhya tapoM ke anuSThAna dvArA Atma-zuddhi karate hue jRmbhika ' grAma ke samIpa Aye, aura RjukUlA nadI ke kinAre zAla vRkSa ke nIce baiTha gye| vaizAkha zuklA dazamI ko tIsare pahara ke samaya jaba ve eka zilA para paSThopavAsa se yukta hokara kSapaka zra eNI para prArUDha the, usa samaya candramA hastottara nakSatra ke madhya meM sthita thA / bhagavAna mahAvIra ne dhyAnarUpI agni ke dvArA jJAnAvaraNAdi ghAti-karma-mala ko dagdha kiyA aura svAbhAvika AtmaguNoM kA vikAsa kiyA aura kevalajJAna yA pUrNa jJAna prApta kiyA / jisa samaya bhagavAna mahAvIra ne moha karma kA vinAza kiyA, usake anantara ve kevalajJAna, kevala darzana aura anantavIrya yukta hokara sarvajJa aura sarvadarzI ho gae tathA ve sayogI jina kahalAye / aisA niyama hai ki mayogI jina prati samaya asakhyAta guNita zreNI se karma pradezAgra kI nirjarA karate hue / dharma rUpa tIrtha- pravartana ke liye yathocita dharma-kSetra meM mahAvibhUti ke sAtha ) vihAra karate haiM / jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa kevalajJAna hone para unheM samAra ke sabhI padArtha yugapat ( eka sAtha) pratibhAsita hone lage aura isa taraha bhagavAna mahAvIra sarvajJa aura sarvadarzI hokara ahisA kI pUrNa pratiSThA ko prApta hue / unake samIpa jAti virodhI jIva bhI apanA vaira-virodha choDakara zAnta ho jAte the| unakI ahisA vizvazAnti aura vAstavika 1. jamuI yA ja bhaka grAma vajrabhUmi me hai| jo rAjagira meM lagabhaga 30 mIla aura bhariyA se savAsau mIla ke lagabhaga dUrI para sthita hai / RjukUlA nadI kA saMskRta nAma 'RSyakUlA' hai| isI jRmbhaka grAma ke dakSiNa meM lagabhaga cAra-pAca mIla kI dUrI para 'kevalI' nAma kA eka gAva hai| isa grAma ke pAsa bahane vAlI nadI kA nAma ajana hai / sabhava hai, ukta kevalI grAma bhagavAna mahAvIra ke kevalajJAna kA sthAna ho / vaizAkha zuklA dazamI ke dina vahA~ melA bharatA hai, jo bhagavAna mahAvIra ke kevalajJAna kI tithi hai / jayadhavalA me jambhaka grAma ke bAhara kA nivartI pradeza mahAvIra ke kevalajJAna kA sthAna batalAyA hai| jaisA ki-- vaimAh joNhapatrakha damamIe ujukUlagAdI tIre jabhiyagAmimsa vAhi chaTTovabAmeNa silAvaTTe zrAdAveteNa zravara he pAda chAyAe kevalaraNAmupAida / ' ( jayadhava0 pu0 1 0 76 ) 2. (a) vamAha sumI mAghA rikvammi vIragAhamsa / Rju lagadItIre avarahe kevala ragAM || tilo0 pa0 (prA) RjukUlAyAstIre gAladra umasazrine zilApaTTe / aparA paSThenArithatasya khalu jU bhikA grAme // vaizAkhaminadazamyA hastottaramadhyamAzrite candre // ni0 bha0 (da) ujukUla raNadItIre jabhiyagAme vaha milAvaTTe / gAdAtrene varaNhe pAda chAyAe // mAha johapakve damamIe khavagameDhimAruDho / haMta ghAikammaM kevalaggANa samAvaNNo // ( jaya gha0 pR0 1 pR0 80 ) (I) harivazapurANa 2 / 57-56 / ( u ) uttara purANa parva 74 zloka 348 se 352 3 to atara kevalagANa-damaNa vIriyajuto jiNo kevalI savvaNhU savvadarisI bhavadi sajogijiraNo tti bhai / zrasaMkhejja guragae seDhIe padesagga gijjare mArago viharaditti / prakaTa hai: kamAya pA0 cuNi sutta 1571, 1572 pR0 866 bhagavAna mahAvIra kI sarvajJatA aura sarvadazitva kI carcA usa samaya loka meM vizruta thii| yaha bAta bauddha tripiTakoM se dekho, majjhimanikAya ke cUla dukkha bakhandha suttanta pR0 56 tathA ma0 ni0 ke cUla sakulu dAyI suttanta pR0 318 4. mahimA pratiSThAyA tatsannidho vairatyAgaH / - pAtaMjali yogasUtram 35

Page #49
kevalajJAna kama svataMtratA kI pratIka hai| isIliye prAcArya samantabhadra ne use parama brahma kahA hai|| kevalajJAna hone para indrAdikadeva unake kevalajJAna kA kalyANaka manAne ke liye Aye aura unhone bhagavAna mahAvIra ke kevalajJAna kalyANaka kI pUjA ko / parantu usa samaya unakI divyadhvani nahI khiro-unakA dharmopadeza nahIM huaa| dharmopadeza na hone kA kAraNa-kSAyopamika jJAna ke naSTa ho jAne para ananta rUpa kavalajJAna ke utpanna hone para nI prakAra ke padArthA se gabhita divyadhvani sUtrArtha kA pratipAdana karatI hai| kintu bhagavAna mahAvIra kevalajJAna hone ke pazcAt 66 dina taka gaNadhara ka abhAva meM dharma-tIrtha kA pravartana nahI hyaa| unakI vANI nahI khirii| " saudharma indra ne gaNadhara ko tatkAla upasthita kyo nahI kiyA? Tama prazna ke uttara meM kahA gayA hai ki kAla ladhi ke binA saudharma indra gaNadhara ko kaise upasthita kara makatA thaa| usa samaya umame gaNadhara ko upasthita karane kI sAmartha nahI thI, kyAki jisane jinake pAdamUla meM mahAvrata svIkAra kiyA hai aise vyakti ko choDakara anya ke nimitta se divyadhvani nahI khirtii| aimA usakA svabhAva hai / saudharma indra ko jaba yaha jJAta huA ki gaNadhara ke abhAva me dharma-tIrtha kA pravartana nahI hasA, taba usane upayukta pAtra ke anveSaNa karane kA prayatna kiyaa| usakA dhyAna indrabhUti kI ora gayA aura vaha tatkAla vaddha brAhmaNa kA veSa banAkara indrabhUti ke pAsa pahu~cA / abhivAdana ke pazcAt bolA-vidvan | mere guru ne mujhe eka gAthA sigvAI thI. usa gAthA kA artha merI samajha meM acchI taraha se nahI pA rahA hai| mere guru ima samaya mauna dhAraNa kiye jAne prata kRpAkara Apa hI isakA artha samajhA diijiye| uttara me indrabhUti ne kahA-mai tumhe gAthA kA artha isa zarta para samajhA sakatA hai ki usa gAthA kA artha samajha jAne para tuma mere ziSya bana jaaoge| devarAja ne indrabhati kI zarta saharSa svIkAra kara lI aura usane indrabhati ke sAmane gAthA pddhii| paMceva prasthikAyA chajjIvaNikAyA mahavvayA paMca / praTThaya pavayaNamAdA saheumo baMdha-mokkho y|| -dhavalA. pu0 6 pR0 126 1. ahisA bhUtAnA jagati vidita brahmaparama / na sA tatrArambho'mtyaNarapi ca ytraathmvidhii| tatamtatmiddhayartha parama karaNo grathamubhayaM, bhavAnevA'tyAkSInna ca vikRtvessopdhirt.| -vRhatsvayabhUstotra 2. zvetAmbara sampradAya me aisI mAnyatA hai ki jU bhaka grAma kI RjukUlA nadI ke kinAre jaba bhagavAna mahAvIra ko adAlanAta mA. taba devatA gaNo ne Akara unakI pUjA kii| jJAna kI mahimA kii| devatAoM ne mamavasaraNa kI racanA kI, kinta prathama dezanA kA pariNAma virati-grahaga kI dRSTi me zUnya rahA / prathama mamatramaraNa meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI vANI nahI vige| isalie uma dina dharmatIrtha kA pravartana na ho skaa| Avazyaka niyukti gAthA 238 ke anumAra kevalajJAna utpanna hone para mahAvIra rAtri meM hI madhyamA ke mahAmena vana nAmaka udyAna meM cale ge| TIkAkAra malayagiri ke anusAra RjukalA me 12 yojana dUra madhyamA nagarI ke mahAmena vana me Aye aura vahA~ momila brAhmaNa ke yajJa me Aye hue 11 upAdhyAyo ko unake ziSyo ke sAtha dIkSita kiyaa| ve mahAvIra ke 11 gaNadhara hue| 3. kevalaNANe samuppaNNe vi tattha tityAguppattI do| divvamuNIe kimaTTha tatthApauttI? 'gnnidaabhaavaado| mohammideNa tavaraNe ceva gaNido kiNNa hoido' kAlaladdhIe viraNA asahAyamsa devidamsa taDDhoyaNasattIe prbhaavaado| sagapAdamUlammi paDivaNNamahanvaya mottUNa aNNamuddisiya dibvabhUNI kiNNa payade saahaaviyaado| raga ca sahAvo parapajjaNiyogAruho, prvvtthaavttiido| -dhavalA. pu0 thapR0 121

Page #50
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa bhAga 2 indrabhUti gAthA ko sunate tathA par3hate hI asamaMjasa meM par3a gyaa| usakI samajha meM nahIM pAyA ki pAMca astikAya, paTa jIvanikAya aura aSTa pravacana mAtrAeM kauna-sI haiM ? 'chajjIvaNikAyA' pada se vaha aura bhI vismita hA, jIvoM ke chaha nikAya kauna se hai ? kyoMki jIva ke astitva ke sambandha meM usakA mana pahale se hI gaMkAzIla banA hA thaa| indrabhUti ne apane vicAra pravAha ko rokate hue usa Agantuka se kahA-'tuma mujhe apane guru ke pAsa le calo, unake sAmane hI mai isa gAthA kA artha smjhaauuNgaa| indra apane abhIpTa artha ko siddha hotA dekha bar3A prasanna huA aura vaha indrabhUti ko usake bhAiyoM aura unake pA~ca-pA~ca sau ziSyoM ko sAtha lekara mahAvIra ke samavasaraNa meM phuNcaa| vIra-zAsana chayAsaTha dina taka mauna me vihAra karate hue varddhamAna jinendra gajagRha ke prasiddha bhUdhara vipulagiri para padhAre / jisa taraha mUrya udayAcala para prArUr3ha hotA hai, usI prakAra varddhamAna jinendra bhavya logoM ko prabuddha karane ke lie vipUla lakSmI ke dhAraka vipulAcala para ArUDha hue' / varddhamAna jinendra ke Agamana kA vattAnta avagata kara mUra-amUrAdi maparikara padhAre aura unhoMne eka yojana vistAra vAle samavasaraNa kI racanA kI, jo koToM dvAroM. gopUrNa, aSTamaMgala dravyoM, dhvajAoM, mAnastambhoM. stUpoM, mahAvanoM, vApikAoM, kamala samUhoM aura latA gahoM se alaMkata thA aura jisameM bAraha prakopTha yA vibhAga bane hue the| samavasaraNa kI devopUnota racanA atyanta sammohaka aura prabhAvaka thii| umakI mahimA adbhuta thii| samavasaraNa kI yaha khAsa vizeSatA thI ki usa samavasaraNa sabhA meM deva vidyAdhara, manuSya aura tiryacAdi pazu sabhI jIva apane-apane vibhAga meM zAntabhAva meM baiThe hue the aura bhagavAna mahAvIra' usameM ATha prAtihAryo aura cautIma atizayoM meM saMyukta virAjamAna the / unakI nivikAra prazAnta mudrA prAkatika AdarzarUpa kI janaka thii| ve ahimA kI pUrNa pratiSThA ko pAkara paramabrahma paramAtmA bana gae the| ataH unakI ahiMsA ko pUrNa pratiSThA ke prabhAva me jAti-virodhI jIvoM kA parampara meM kapAyarUpa viSa dhula gayA thaa| unakI moha-kSobha rahita vItarAga mudrA atyanta prabhAvaka thii| isI se virodhI jIvo para umakA amita prabhAva akita thaa| janatA ne jAti virodhI jIvoM kA vipUlagiri para ekatra milApa dekhA, usameM deva aura manuSyoM ke atirikta siMha-hiraNa, sarpa-nakUla, aura cUhA-billI Adi virodhI jIva bhI zAntabhAva me baiThe the| unheM dekhakara unake Azcarya kA ThikAnA na rahA / ve bAra-bAra kahane lage ki yaha saba usa kSINamohI vigatakalmapa, yogIndra mahAvIra kA hI prabhAva hai| jaisA ki saskRta ke nimna prAcIna padya se spaSTa hai :-- sAraMgI siMhazAbaM spazati sutadhiyA nandinI vyaaghrpotN| mArjArI haMsabAlaM praNayaparavazAkekikAntA bhjNgiim| vairANyAjanmajAtAnyapi galitamadA jantavo'nye tyajanti, dhitvA sAmyaMkarUDhaM prazamitakaluSaM yoginaM kSINamoham / / 1. SaSTi divamAna bhUpo maunena vihagna vibhuH / / aAjagAma jagatlyAta jino gajagaha puram / / 61 prAroha rgAira tatra vipula vipulazriyam / prabodhArtha ma lokAnA bhAnumAnudaya yathA / / 62 // harivaMza pu0 2 / 61, 62 2. prAtihAryayuto'pTAbhizcanutriganmahAdbhuta / tatra devavR to'bhAmojjinazcandra iva grahaiH // harivaMza purANa 2 / 167

Page #51
vIra zAsana samavasaraNa kI mahattA aura prabhutA ko dekhakara aisA kauna vyakti hogA, jo prabhAvita hae binA na rhtaa| unakA chatratraya tIna loka kI prabhutA ko vyakta kara rahA thaa| saudharma aura IzAna indra camara Dhola rahe the, aura dra jaya-jaya zabdoM kA uccAraNa kara rahe the| phira bhI bhagavAna varddhamAna usa vibhUti se cAra aMgula Upara anta rikSa meM virAjamAna the| ve usa vibhUti se atyanta nispRha dikhAI de rahe the| unakI yaha nispRhattA prAtma-bodha aura vairAgya kI janaka thii| indrabhUti ne bhAiyoM aura ziSyoM ke sAtha samavasaraNa kI mahattA kA avalokana kiyaa| use apanI vidyA kA bar3A abhimAna thaa| vaha apane sAmane kisI dUsare ko vidvAna mAnane ke lie taiyAra na thaa| kintu jaba vaha samavasaraNa meM praviSTa huA, taba mAnamtambha dekhate hI usakA saba abhimAna gala gayA aura mana mArdava bhAvanA se otaprota ho gyaa| mana meM bhagavAna ke prati Adara bhAva jAgRta huA / aura Antarika vizuddhi ke sAtha vaha samavasaraNa ke bhItara praviSTa hyaa| usane divyAtmA mahAvIra ko dekhate hI bhakti se namaskAra kiyA, tIna pradakSiNAeM dIM, usa samaya usakA antaHkaraNa vizuddhi se bhara rahA thA / Antarika vairAgya bhAvanA ne use prerita kiyA, aura usane pA~ca maTiThayoM se apane kegoM kA loMca kiyA aura vastrAbhapaNa ke tyAgapUrvaka apane bhAiyoM aura pA~ca-pA~ca sau ziSyoM ke sAtha saMyama dhAraNa kiyA' -yathA jAta digambara mudrA dhAraNa ko aura vaha gautama gotrI indrabhUti bhagavAna mahAvIra kA prathama gaNadhara banA, aura agnibhUti vAyubhUti bhI gaNadhara pada se alavRta hue| dIkSA lete hI indrabhUti mati, zruta, avadhi aura manaHparyayarUpa jJAnacatapTaya me bhUpita haa| unakA jIva-vipayaka sandeha bhI dUra ho gayA, aura tapobala se unhe aneka RddhiyAM (vizepa zaktiyA~) prApta huii| ve aNimAdi sapta Rddhisampanna mapta bhaya rahita, pacendriyavijayI, parIpaha sahiSNa, aura paTa jIva nikAya ke sarakSaka the| ve prathamAnuyoga, karaNAnuyoga, caraNAnuyoga aura dravyAnayoga rUpa cAra vedoM meM athavA sAma, Rka, yajU aura atharva vedAdi meM pAragata tathA vizuddha zIla se sampanna the| bhAvathatarUpa paryAya se buddhi kI paripakvatA ko prApta indrabhUti gaNadhara ne eka muharta meM bAraha aMga aura caudaha pUoM kI racanA kii| jaisA ki tiloya paNNattI kI nimna gAthAnoM se prakaTa hai : 'vimale godamagotte jAdeNa iMdabhUdi NAmeNa / cauvedapArageNaM sismeNa vimuddhamIleNa / / bhAvasudapajjayehi pariNadamayiNA avAgmaMgANaM / coddasa puvvANa tahA ekkamuhuneNa viraciNA vihido / / -tilo0 pa0 178-79 indrabhUti ko bhagavAna mahAvIra ke sAnnidhya se tathA vizuddhi aura tapobala meM aimI apUrva sAmarthya prApta haI, jisase unheM marvArthasiddhi ke devoM se bhI anantaguNA bala prApta thA, jo eka muhUrta meM bAraha agoM ke artha aura dvAdazAMgarUpa granthoM ke smaraNa tathA pATha karane meM samartha the, aura amRtAmrava Adi RddhiyoM ke bala se hastapuTa meM gire hue saba pAhAroM ko ve amata rUpa se pariNamAne meM samartha the tathA mahAtapa guNa se kalpa vRkSa ke samAna, evaM akSINa mahAnasa labdhi ke bala se apane hAthoM meM gire hae AhAroM kI akSayatA ke utpAdaka the aghoratapaRddhi ke mAhAtmya se jIvoM ke mana, vacana aura kAyagata samasta kaSToM ko dUra karane vAle, sampUrNa vidyAnoM ke dvArA jinake caraNa sevita the| AkAza cAraNa guNa se saba jIva samUhoM kI rakSA karane vAle, vacana evaM mana se samasta padArthoM ke sampAdana karane meM samarthathe, aNimAdi aATha guNoM ke dvArA saba deva samUhoM ko jItane vAle, aura paropadeza ke binA akSara anakSara rUpa saba bhASAoM meM kuzala gaNadhara deva granthakartA hai / aisI divya zaktiyoM ke dhAraka gaNadhara indrabhUti bhagavAna mahAvIra ke prathama gaNadhara bne| aura unake donoM bhAI bhI gaNadhara pada se alaMkRta hue| zvetAmbarIya Avazyaka niryakti meM bhI sabhI gaNadharoM ko dvAdaza aMga aura caudaha pUrvo kA dhAraka batalAyA hai, bhagavAna mahAvIra ke gyAraha gaNadhara the, jinakA paricaya prAge diyA gayA hai| 1. pratyeka sahitAH sarve ziSyANA paJcabhiHzataH / tyaktAmbarAdisambandhAH saMyama pratipedire / / (harivaMza pu0 2069) 2. dhavalA pu06 pR0 128

Page #52
jaina dharma vA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 magadhanareza bimbasAra (zreNika) ne vanapAla se jaba yaha sunA ki vipulAcala para bhagavAna mahAvIra kA samavasaraNa AyA hai, taba usane sihAsana se uThakara sAta paiDa calakara bhagavAna ko parokSa namaskAra kiyA / aura nagara meM mahAvIra ke darzana ko jAne ke lie DoMr3I pittvaaii| vaha svayaM vaibhava ke tathA apanI rAnI celanA ke sAtha vipulAcala ke samIpa AyA / taba samavasaraNa ke dRSTigocara hote hI samasta vaibhava ko chor3akara rAnI ke sAtha samavasaraNa meM praviSTa ho gayA / zreNika ne bhagavAna kI vadanA kara tIna pradakSiNAeM dIM, graura gadagada ho bhaktibhAva se unakI stuti kI aura stavana karate hue kahA ki - 'he nAtha ! mujha ajJAnI ne hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla aura parigraha ke saMcaya meM AraMbhAdi dvArA ghAra pApa kiye hai| aura to kyA mujha mithyAdRSTi pApI ne munirAja kA vadha karane meM bar3A zrAnanda mAnA thA, una para maine bahuta upanarga kiyA thA, jisase maiMne naraka le jAne vAle narakAyu karma kA bandha kiyA, jAM chUTa nahI sktaa| ApakI vItarAga mudrA kA darzana kara Aja mere donoM netra saphala ho ge| ava mujhe vizvAsa ho gayA hai ki maiM isa saMsAra samudra se pAra ho jAUMgA / he bhagavan ! Apake darzana meM mujhe atyanta zAnti milI hai / Apake darzana me mujhe aisI sAmarthya prApta ho, jo maiM isa dustara bhavasAgara se pAra ho sakU~ / isa taraha vaha bhagavAna mahAvIra kA stavana kara manuSyoM ke koThe meM baiTha gayA, aura upadezAmRta kA pAna kiyaa| vimbasAra bhagavAna ke asAdhAraNa vyaktitva se prabhAvita hI nahIM huA; kintu usane unheM loka kA akAraNa bandhu samajhA / usakA hRdaya Ananda se chalachalA rahA thA / aisA Ananda aura zAnti use apane jIvana meM kabhI prApta nahI huI thii| unake darzana se usake hRdaya meM jo vizuddhi aura prasannatA bar3hI, usakA kAraNa kevala vItarAga prabhu kA darzana hai| usI dina vaizAlI ke rAjA caTaka kI putrI candanA ne dIkSA lI aura vaha prAyikAoM ko pramukha gaNinI huii| usa samaya aneka rAjAoM, rAjaputroM tathA sAmAnya janoM ne mahAvIra kI dezanA se prabhAvita hokara yathAjAta mudrA dhAraNa kii| anekoM ne zrAvakAdi ke vrata dhAraNa kiye| rAjA zreNika ke akrUra, vAripaNa, abhayakumAra aura meghakumAra Adi putroM ne rAja vaibhava kA parityAga kara dIkSA lo aura tapazcaraNa dvArA grAtma-sAdhanA kI aura unakI mAtAoM ne tathA antaHpura kI striyoM ne samyagdarzana, zIla, dAna, proSadha aura pUjana kA niyama lekara trijagadguru barddhamAna jinendra ko namaskAra kiyA aura vranAdi kA anuSThAna kara jIvana saphala banAyA / 18 zrAvaNa kRSNA pratipadA ko prAtaHkAla sUryodaya ke samaya abhijita nakSatra, aura rudra muhUrta meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI prathama dharmadezanA huI / vaha varSa kA prathama mAsa prathama pakSa aura yuga kI yAdi kA prathama divasa thA, jisameM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke sarvodaya tIrtha kI dhArA pravAhita huI / bhagavAna mahAvIra ne isa pAvana tithi meM samasta saMzayI kI chedaka, dundubhi zabda ke samAna gambhIra aura eka yojana taka vistRta hone vAlI divya dhvani ke dvArA zAsana kI paramparA calAne ke lie upadeza diyA / mahAvIra kA yaha dharmopadeza eka yojana ke bhItara dUra yA samIpa 1. sutA caMdrakarAjasva kumArI candanA tadA / dhartikAmbarasavItA jAtAryANA pura.sarI // harivaza pu0 2- 70 2. vAsamma paDhama mAma mAvA gAmammi bahulapaDivAe / abhijIkvatammi ya uppattI dhammanitthamsa || mAvabahule pADivaruddamuhutte mahodayaM ravirago / abhijamma paDhamajoe jugamma AdI imamsa puDhaM || -tilo0 pa0 1-66, 70 3. sa divyadhvaninA vizvasaMzayacchedinA jinaH / dundubhidhvanidhIre yojanAntarayAyinA | zrAvaNamyA site pakSa nakSatre'bhijiti prabhuH / pratipardhAhna pUrvAhe zAsanArthaM mudAharat / / - harivaMza pu0 2 / 60-61

Page #53
vIra zAsana 16 baiThe hue deva-devAMganAoM, manuSya, striyoM, tiryacoM tathA nAnA deza sambandhI saMjJI jIvoM kI akSara anakSara rUpa aThAraha mahA bhASA aura sAta sau laghubhASAoM meM pariNata huA thaa| tAlu, oSTha, danta, aura kaNTha ke halana calana rUpa vyApAra se rahita, tathA nyUnAdhikatA se rahita madhura, manohara aura vizada rUpa bhASA ke atizayoM se yukta eka hI samaya meM bhavya jIvo ko prAnandakAraka upadeza huA / usase samasta jIvo kA samaya dUra ho gayA, kyoMki bhagavAna mahAvIra rAgadveSa aura bhaya se rahita the| bhavanavAsI, vyantara, jyotiSI, kalpavAsI devoM ke dvArA tathA nArAyaNa, balabhadra, vidyAdhara, cakravartI, manuSya, tiryaca aura anya RSi maharSiyo ke dvArA jinake caraNa pUjita hai aise bhagavAna mahAvIra arthAgama ke kartA hue aura gaNadhara indrabhUti grantha kartA hue / mahAvIra ne apanI dezanA meM batAyA ki ghRNA pApa se karanI cAhie, pApI jIva meM nahI / yadi usa para ghRNA kI gaI to phira usakA utthAna honA kaThina hai| usa para to dayAbhAva rakhakara usakI bhUla sujhAkara prema bhAva se usake utthAna kA prayatna karanA hI zreyaskara hai| vIrazAsana meM zUdroM aura striyoM ko apanI yogyatAnusAra AtmasAdhana kA adhikAra milaa| mahAvIra ne apane sagha meM sabase pahale striyoM ko dIkSita kiyA aura candanA una saba yikA kI gaNinI vanI / mahAvIra ke zAsana kI mahattA kA isI se anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki usa samaya ke baDe-baDe rAjA gaNa, yuvarAja, maMtrI, meTa, mAhavAra Adi sabhI ne apane-apane vaibhava kA jIrNa tRNa ke samAna pari tyAga kiyA aura mahAvIra ke sagha meM dIkSita hue tathA RSigiri para kaThora tapazcaryA dvArA Atma-sAdhanA kara mukti ke pAtra bane / uname rAjA uddAyana Adi kA nAma khAsataura se ullekhanIya hai / rAjA uddAyana kI rAnI prabhAvatI, ceTaka kI putrI jyeSThA, aura rAjA udayana kI mAtA mRgAvatI tathA granya nAriyA~ bhI dIkSA lekara grAtma-hita kI sAdhikA huI / usa samaya mahAvIra ke magha meM caudaha hajAra muni, candanAdi battIsa hajAra AryikAe, eka lAkha zrAvaka, aura tIna lAkha zrAvikAeM, zramanyAta deva deviyA~ tathA sakhyAta tiyaMcoM kI avasthiti thI / mahAvIra kA yaha zAmana sarvodayatIrtha ke rUpa meM loka meM prasiddha huA / yaha zAsana mamAra ke samasta prANiyoM ko samAra-samudra me tArane ke lie ghATa athavA mArga svarUpa hai, usakA Azraya lekara sasAra ke sabhI jIva zrAtma-vikAsa kara sakate hai / yaha sabake udaya, abhyudaya, utkarSa evaM unnati meM athavA grAtmA ke pUrNa vikAsa meM sahAyaka hai| yaha zAsanatIrtha sasAra ke sabhI prANiyoM kI unnati kA dyotaka hai| mahAvIra ke isa zAmanatIrtha meM ekAnta ke kisI kadAgraha ko sthAna nahI hai| isameM sabhI ekAnta ke viSaya pravAha ko pacAne kI zakti hai- kSamatA hai| yaha zAmana syAdvAda ke samunnata siddhAnta se alakRta hai, isameM mamatA aura udAratA kA rasa bharA huA hai| vastutattva meM ekAnta kI kalpanA sva-para ke vaMra kA kAraNa hai, usase na apanA hI hita hotA hai aura na dUsare kA hI ho sakatA hai| vaha to sarvathA ekAnta ke Agraha me anurakta hugrA vastu tattva se dUra rahatA hai / mahAvIra kA yaha zAsana ahisA athavA dayA se ota-prota hai| usake prAcAra-vyavahAra meM dUsaroM ko duHkhotpAdana kI abhilASA rUpa amaMtrI bhAvanA kA praveza bhI nahI hai / pAca indriyoM ke damana ke lie isameM sayama kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai, isameM prema aura vAtsatya kI zikSA dI gaI hai, yaha mAnavatA kA saccA hAmI hai / apane vipakSiyoM ke prati jisameM rAgadveSa kI taraMga nahI uThatI hai, jo nahiSNu tathA kSamAzAla hai aisA yaha vIrazAsana hI sarvodaya tIrtha hai / usI meM vizva bandhutva kI lokakalyANakArI bhAvanA antarnihita hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke siddhAMta gambhIra aura samudAra hai, ve maitrI, pramoda, kAruNya aura madhyastha kI bhAvanA se zrota-prota hai| unase mAnava jIvana ke vikAsa kA khAsa sambandha hai| unake nAma hai ahisA anekAnta yA syAdvAda, svatantratA aura aprigrh| ye sabhI siddhAnta baDe hI mUlyavAna hai kyoMki unakA mUla ahisA hai / isa taraha bhagavAna mahAvIra ne 30 varSa ke lagabhaga arthAt 26 varSa 5 mahIne aura 20 dina ke kevalI jIvana meM kAzI, kozala, vatsa, capA, pAcAla, magadha, rAjagRha, vaizAlI, graga, baMga, kaliga, tAmralipti, saurASTra, mithilA, 1 dekho, tiloya paNNattI 1 / 60 se 64 taka gAthAe /

Page #54
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa- bhAga 2 mathurA, nAlaMdA, puNDravardhana, kozAmbI, ayodhyA, purimatAlapura, ujjainI, malladeza, dazANa, kekayadeza, kolAgasanniveza, kirAta, zrAvastI, kumAragiri, aura nepAla Adi vividha dezoM aura nagaroM meM vihAra kara kalyANakArI sanmArga kA upadeza diyaa| asakhya prANiyoM ke ajJAna-andhakAra ko dUra kara unheM yathArtha vastusthiti kA bodha kraayaa| AtmavizvAsa baDhAyA, kadAgraha dUra kiyaa| anyAya atyAcAra ko rAkA, patitA ko uThAyA, hisA kA virodha kiyA, unake bahamoM ko dUra bhagAyA aura unhe sayama kI zikSA dekara AtmotkarSa ke mArga para lagAyA tathA unakI andhazraddhA ko samIcIna bnaayaa| dayA, dama, tyAga aura samAdhi kA svarUpa batalAte hae yajJAdi kriyAkANDoM meM hone vAlI bhArI hisA ko vinaSTa kiyA-yajJoM ke vAstavika svarUpa aura unake rahasya ko samajhAyA, jisase vilavilATa karate hue pazu-kula ko abhayadAna milA / jana samUha ko apanI bhUle jJAta huI, aura ve satpatha ke anugAmI bane / bhagavAna mahAvIra kA nirvANa isa taraha vihAra karate hue bhagavAna mahAvIra pAvA nagara ke manohara udyAna meM Aye aura tAlAba ke madhya eka mahAmaNimaya zilAtala para sthita hokara do dina pUrva vihAra se rahita ho kArtika kRSNA caturdazI kI rAtri ke vyatIta hone para svAtiyAga meM tRtIya zukladhyAna samucchinna kriyApratipAti meM nigta ho mana-vacana-kAyarUpa yogatraya kA nirodha kara caturtha zukladhyAna vyuparatatriyAnivRtti meM sthita hokara avaziSTa aghAti karmacatuSTaya kA vinAza kara amAvasyA ke prAtaHkAla akele bhagavAna mahAvIra nirvANa ko prApta hue' / kintu uttara purANa meM eka hajAra muniyoM ke sAtha mukta honA likhA hai| 1. (ka) pacchA pAvAgAyare kaniyamAme kiNha coddmie| mAdIe rattIe memagya chatta nivvApro / / -jayadha0 bhA0 1 pR0 81 (kha) kattiya kiNhe coddami paccame mAdigAmagAgvatte / pAvAga raNayagae ekko bIgmage middhA / / (nilo0 50 4-1008) (ga) kaniyamAmakiNhAkAvacaudamadivama ca kebalaNANega maha etya gamiya givvdo| amAvAmINa paririNavAraNa pUjA sapalavidehi kyaa| --dhava0 pu06 pR0 125 2. (gha) kamAtyAvApura prAya manoharabanAntaraM / bahunA magmA madhye mahAmaggizilAnale // 506 // sthitvA dinadvaya vItabihAge vRddhnirjrH| kRSNakAtikapakSamya caturdayA nizAtyaye // 510 // svAtiyoge tRtIyaddha zukladhyAnaparAyaNaH / kRtatriyogamagedha mamucchinna kriya zritaH // 511 / / hata ghAti catuSka: manna zarIge guNAtmakaH / gannA muni mahasraraNa nirvAga sarvavAJchitam / / 512 / / -uttara purANa parva 76, zloka 50 se 512 panavanadIpikAkula vividha drumakhaNDamaNDite ramye / pAvA nagarodyAne vyutsargaraNa sthitaH sa muniH / /

Page #55
bhagavAna mahAvIra kA nirvANa usI samaya gautama indrabhUti ko kevalajJAna ko prApti huii| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa mahotsava ke mamaya cAgeM nikAyoM ke devoM ne vidhivata unake zarIra kI pUjA kii| usI samaya sura aura asuroM ke dvArA jalAI huI dIpakoM kI pakti se pAvAnagarI kA AkAza saba ora se jagamagA utthaa| licchivi gaNa, mallagaNoM Adi ke aneka rAjAoM ne aura rAjA bimbasAra (theNika) ne bhagavAna ke nirvANa kalyANaka kI pUjA kii| usI samaya se bhagavAna ke nirvANa kalyANaka kI bhakti me yukta, samAra ke prANi bhAratavarSa meM prativarSa AdarapUrvaka dIpamAlikA dvArA bhagavAna kI pUjA karate haiM / usI dina meM bhAratavarSa meM dIpAvali parva sotsAha manAyA jAtA hai / yaha mahotsava aDhAI hajAra varSa se sAre bhAratavarSa meM manAyA jAtA hai / vIra-nirvANa samvat bhagavAna mahAvIra kA nirvANa IsavI san ke 527 varSa pUrva huA hai aura mahAtmA buddha kA parinirvANa mahAvIra ke nirvANa se lagabhaga 17 varSa pUrva arthAt IsavI san ke 544 varSa pUrva meM huA hai| sihala Adi dezoM meM buddha ke nirvANa kA yahI kAla mAnA jAtA hai / vIra nirvANa savat ke vivAda para prasiddha aitihAsika vidvAna sva0 50 jugalakizora mukhtAra ne aneka granthoM ke pramANa dekara yaha pramANita kiyA ki pracalita vikrama saMvat rAjA vikrama ko mRtyu kA savat hai, jo vIra nirvANa savat se 470 varpa vAda prArambha hotA hai| muni kalyANa vijaya ne apane vIra nirvANa saMvata aura jaina kAla gaNanA' nAma ke nibandha meM bhI sapramANa yahA vivecana kiyA hai| kAnikakRpAgyAnte svAtA nihatya kamaraja. / avazeSa mamprApadvyajagamaramakSaya maugyam / / (nirvANa bha0 16, 17) (ca) kRtvA yoganirodhamujjhinmama pAThena tamminbane / vyutmargegaga niramya nirmalamaciH karmApyazeSAgi maH / / sthitvendrAvapi kAtikAmitacaturdazyA nizAnne sthitI / mvAtI manmanigamamAda bhagavAnmiddhimizriyam / / (vardhamAna carita, amagakRta pa0 484 1. jinendravIro'pi vibovya mantata samantato bhavyasamUhamannatim / prapadya pAvA nagage garIyamI manoharodyAnavane nadIyake / / caturthakA le'rdhacaturthamArkavihInatAvizcanurabdazeSake / ma kAtike mvAnipu kRSNabhUtamuprabhAtamandhyAmamaye mvabhAvata. // aghAnika giga nikadvayogako vidhaya ghAnIndhanavadvibandhana / vibandhanasthAnamavApa gaGkage nignarAyorumugganubandhanam / / ma paJcakalyANamahAmahezvara: pramiddhanirvAgga mahe caturvidhaH / garIrapUjAvidhinA vidhAnataH mura. samabhyayaMta siddhazAmanaH / / jvalatpradIpAlikayA pravRddhayA sugamuraiH dIpitayA prdiiptyaa| tadA sma pAvAnagarI mamantataH pradIpitAkAzanalA prakAzate / / tathaiva ca zreNikapUrvabhUbhujaH prakRtya kalyANamahaM sahapnajAH / prajagmurindrAzca suraiyaMyAyatha prayAcamAnA jinabodhimathinaH / / tatastu lokaH prativarSamAdarAtprasiddha dIpAlikayAtra bhArate / samudyataH pUjayitu jinezvaraM jinendranirvANavibhUtibhaktibhAk / / -harivaMzapurANa 76-15 se 21

Page #56
22 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 mahAkavi vIra ne saM0 1076 meM samApta / ra jaMbUsvAmicarita kI nimna gAthA meM vIra nirvANa kAla aura vikrama kAla ke varSoM kA antara 470 varSa batalAyA hai| yathA : varisANa saya caukkaM sattari jutta jiNeda vIrassa / NivvANA uvavaNNo vikkamakAlassa utpattI / / isame spaSTa hai ki vIra nirvANa kAla se 605 varSa aura 5 mahIne bAda hone vAle zaka rAjA athavA zaka kAla ko vikrama rAjA yA vikrama kAla kaise kahA jA sakatA hai| vIra nirvANa savata kI pracalita mAnyatA meM digambaroM aura zvetAmbaroM meM paraspara koI matabheda nahI hai| dono hI vIra nirvANa se 605 varSa 5 mahIne bAda zaka zAlivAhana kI utpatti mAnate hai| dUsare vikrama rAjA zaka nahI, zakAri thA-zatra thaa| yaha bAta vAmana zivarAma ApTe (V. S. Apte) ke prasiddha koSa meM bhI ise specially applied to Salivahan jaise zabdo dvArA zAlivAhana rAjA tathA usake savat (cra) kA vAcaka batalAyA hai| isa kAraNa vikrama rAjA 'zaka' nahI, kintu zakoM kA zatra thA / aisI sthiti meM use zaka batalAnA yA 'zaka' zabda kA artha zaka gajA na karake vikrama rAjA karanA kimI bhUla kA pariNAma hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke bAda keliyo aura zrutadhara AcAryoM kI paramparA kA ullekha karate hue unakA kAla 683 varSa batalAyA hai| isa 683 varSa ke kAla me se 70 varSa 7 mahIne ghaTA dene para 605 varSa 5 mahIne kA kAla agipTa rahatA hai| vahI mahAvIra ke nirvANa divasa me zaka kAla kI Adi-zaka sa0 kI pravatti taka kA kAla madhyavartI kAla hai-mahAvIra ke nirvANa divasa se 605 varSa 5 mahIne ke bAda zaka savat kA prArambha hA hai aura talAyA hai ki chahasau varSa pAca mahIne ke kAla meM zaka kAla ko-zaka savata kI varSAdi saMkhyA kojor3a dene se mahAvIra ke nirvANa kAla kA parimANa yA jAtA hai : 'sabba kAla samAso teyAsodIe ahiya chassadameto (683) puNo ettha sattamAsAhiya sattahattarivAsesa (77-7) avaNidesu paMcamAsAhiyapaMcattarachassadavAsANi (605-5) havaMti, eso vIrajiNiMdaNibvANagada divasAdo jAva sagakAlassa prAdi hodi tAvadiya kaalo| kudo? edamhi kAle sagaNaridakAlassa pakkhitte var3AmANajiNaNivvuda kaalaagmnnaado| -(dhavalA0 pu0 6 pR0 131-2) prAcArya vIramena ne dhavalA TIkA meM vIra nirvANa savat ko mAlUma karane kI vidhi batalAte hue pramANa rUpa se jo prAcIna gAthA uddhata kI hai vaha isa prakAra hai : paMca ya mAsA paMca ya vAsA chacceva hoMti vaassyaa| sagakAleNa ya sahiyA thAveyavvo tado raasii|| isa gAthA me batalAyA hai ki gaka kAla kI makhyA ke sAtha yadi 605 varSa 5 mahIne jor3a diye jAve to vIra jinendra ke nirvANakAla kI maMgyA A jAtI hai| isa gAthA kA pUrvArdha, vIra nirvANa se zaka kAla (saMvat) kI utpatti ke samaya ko sUcita karatA hai| zvetAmbaro ke titthogAlI painnaya kI nimna gAthA kA pUrvAdha bhI, vIra nirvANa se 605 varSa 5 mahIna vAda zaka gajA kA utpanna honA batalAtA hai| paMca ya mAsA paMca ya vAsA chacceva hoMti vaassyaa| pariNinvuprassa'rahito uppanno sago rAyA / / 623 isa gAthA meM bhI 605 varpa 5 mahIne bAda zaka rAjA kA utpanna honA likhA hai| isase dono sampradAyoM meM nirvANa samaya kI ekarUpatA pAI jAtI hai| isakA samarthana vicAra zreNi me uddhana zloka se bhI hotA hai : zrIvIranivRtervaSaH SaDbhiH paMcottaraH zataiH / zAkasavatsarasyeSA pravattibharate 'bhavata // Upara ke isa kathana se spaSTa hai ki pracalita vIra nirvANa savata ThIka hai| usameM koI galatI nahIM hai| aura vi0 sa0 470 vikramAditya kI mRtyu kA savat hai| muni kalyANa vijaya Adi ne bhI pracalita vIra nirvANa saMvat ko hI ThIka mAnA hai|

Page #57
bhagavAna mahAvIra ke gyAraha gaNadhara indrabhUti Adi bhagavAna mahAvAra ke gyAraha gaNadhara huye| ye sabhI gaNadhara tapta dIpta Adi tapa Rddhi dhAraka tathA cAra prakAra ko buddhi Rddhi, vi krayA Rddhi, akSANa Rddhi, mopadhi Rddhi, rasa Rddhi prora bala Rddhi se sampanna the| unakA nAma pora paricaya yathAkrama nIce diyA jAtA hai : prAptasaptaddhisampaddhiH samastazrutapAragaH / gaNendrarindrabhUtyAdyarekAdazabhirAnvitaH // 40 indrabhUtiriti proktaH prathamo gaNadhAriNAm / agnibhUtidvitIyazca vAyubhUtistRtIyakaH // 41 // zucidattasturIyastu sudharmaH paJcamastataH / SaSTho mANDavya ityukto mauryaputrastu sattamaH // 42 / / aSTamo'kampanAlyAtiracalo navamo mataH / medAryo dazamo'ntyastu prabhAsaH sarvaeva te // 43 // taptadInAditapasaH sucaturbuddhi vikriyaaH| prakSINauSadhilabdhIzAH sadrasaddhibaladdhayaH / / 4 / / -harivaMza purANa 3 / 40-44 ina gyAraha gaNadharoM kI maba milAkara gaNa saMkhyA (ziya saMkhyA) codaha haz2Ara thii| ina codaha hajAra zipyoM meM se tIna sau pUrva ke dhArI, nau sI vikriyA Rddhi ke dhAraka, terahamI avadhijJAnI, mAtasau kevalajJAnI, pAMcasau vipulamati manaHparyayajJAna ke dhAraka, cAra mo paravAdiyoM ko jItane vAle vAdI, aura no hajAra nau sau zikSaka the| ye saba sAdhu yAtma-zodhana tathA dhyAna meM saMlagna rahate the aura karmazRGkhalA ko tor3ane vAlI prAnma-sAmarthya ko bar3hA rahe the| vIra zAsana ke siddhAntoM ko jIvana meM utAra rahe the| unameM kucha Atma-zuddhi ke lakSya ko prApta karane kA upakrama kara rahe the| ina vidvAn ora mumukSu gipyoM meM mahAvIra kA zAsana camaka rahA thaa| gaNa ke nAyaka gaNadharoM kA sakSipta paricaya nIce diyA jAtA hai : indrabhUti-ke pitA kA nAma vasubhUti thA, jo arthasampanna vidvAna aura apane gAMva kA mukhiyA thA aura govara grAma kA nivAsI thaa| inako jAti brAhmaNa aura gotra gautama thA / vamubhUti kI do striyA~ thii| pRthvI prora keshrii| inameM indrabhUti ko mAtA kA nAma pRthvI devI thaa| indrabhUti kA janma IsvI pUrva 607 meM huA thaa| yaha vyAkaraNa, kAvya, kopa, chanda, alakAra, jyotiSa, sAmudrika, vaidyaka aora veda vedAMgAdi codaha vidyAoM meM pAraMgata thaa|' gautama indrabhUti kI vidvattA kI dhAka loka meM prasiddha thii| isake 500 ziSya the, jo aneka vidyAnoM meM pAraMgata the / gautama ko apanI vidyA kA bar3A abhimAna thaa| apane se bhinna dUsare vidvAnoM ko vaha heya samajhatA thaa| saudharma indra kI preraNA se indrabhUti apane bhAiyoM aura apane tathA unake pA~ca-pA~ca sau ziSyoM ke sAtha vipulAcala para mahAvIra ke samavasaraNa meM praayaa| samavasaraNa meM praviSTa hote ho usane samavasaraNa ke vaibhava 1. dekho, harivaMza purANa, sarga 3 zloka meM 45 se 46 pR0 27 (bhAratIya jJAnapITha se prakAzita) 2. vimale godamagotte jAdeNaM iMdabhUdiNAmeNaM / cauvedapArageNaM sisseNa visuddhasIleNa // -tilo0pa01-78 23

Page #58
24 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 ke sAtha mAnastambhako dekhaa| usake dekhate hI usakA mAna galita ho gyaa| usane varddhamAna vizuddhi se saMyukta bhagavAna mahAvIra kA-asaMkhyAta bhavoM meM ajita mahAna karmoM ko naSTa karane vAle jinadeva kA-darzana kara tIna pradakSiNAyeM dI, aura pA~ca aMgoM dvArA bhUmisparzapUrvaka vandanA karake hRdaya meM jina bhagavAna kA dhyAna kiyaa| indrabhUti kA vidyA sambandhI saba abhimAna calA gayA, aura antaHmAnasa atyanta nirmala ho gyaa| hRdaya meM vinaya aura vizuddhi kA udreka bar3hA, aura vairAgya kI taraGgoM ne unheM jhakajhora ddaalaa| indrabhUti ne tatkAla vastrAdi graMthoM kA parityAga kiyA aura paMca muSTi se kezoM kA loca kiyA aura digambara dIkSA dhAraNa kii| usa samaya una kI avasthA pacAsa varSa ke lagabhaga thI unhoMne paca mahAvratoM kA anuSThAna kiyA, pAMca samitiyoM kA prAcaraNa kiyA, aura rAgadvepa rahita ho tIna guptiyoM se sampanna, niHzalya, cAra kapAyoM se rahita, paMcendriyoM ke viSayoM se virakta. tathA mana-vacana-kAya rUpa tridaNDoM ko bhagna karane vAle, paTa nikAya jIvoM ke saMrakSaka, saptabhaya rahita, aSTama vajita, dIpta, tapta aura aNimAdi vaikriyika labdhiyoM se sampanna, pANipAtra meM dI gaI khIra ko amatarUpa se parivartita karane aura use akSaya banAne meM samartha, kSadhAdi vAIsa paripahoM ke vijetA, jinheM prAhAra aura sthAna ke viSaya meM akSINa Rddhi prApta thI tapobala se vipulamati manaHparyayajJAna ke dhAraka aura sarvAvadhi avadhijJAna se agepa pudagala dravya kA sAkSAt karane vAle Rddhi sampanna pramukha gaNadhara pada se alaMkRta he| yaha ghaTanA grApADhI pUNimA ke dina ghaTita huI, isI se uma guru pUmimA' kahate haiN| usake pazcAta zrAvaNa kRSNa pratipadA ke dina brAhma muhUrta meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI divya dhvani khirI aura gautama gaNadhara ne use dAdA rUpa se nibaddha kiyaa| kevalajJAna me vibhUpita bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA kahe gaye artha ko, usI kAla meM aura usI kSetra meM pazamavizeSa meM utpanna hae cAra prakAra ke nirmala jJAna meM yukta, varNa meM brAhmaNa, gautama gotrI, sampUrNa daHthatiyoM meM pAraMgata. jIva-ajIva vipayaka sandeha ko dUra karane ke liye zrI varddhamAna ke pAda mUla meM upasthita indrati ne dhAraNa kiyaa| anantara bhAvatarUpa paryAya me pariNata usa indrabhUti ne varddhamAna jina ke tIrtha meM zrAvaNamAsa ke kRSNa pakSa meM, yuga ke grAdi meM, pratipadA ke pUrva dina meM dvAdazAMga thuta kI racanA eka muhUrta meM kii| ataH bhAvathata 1. mAnamnabha tamAlokya mAna natyAja gautamaH / nija prazAMbhayA yana bimmita bhUvanatrayam // --gautama caritra 4-66 2. tato janezvarI dIkSA bhrAtRbhyA jagreha maha / ziSyaH pacagataH mArddha brAhmaNakulamabhavaH / / -gautama ca04-101 3. mahAvIra bhAmiyatyo tammi banammi tattha kAle ya / khAyotramaviDhidacauramalamahi puSpoNa / / lopAloyANa tahA jIvAjIvANa vivivimAmu / mandehaggAmAtya ubagadamigbiIracalaNa mulagA vimale godamagone jAdeNa indabhUdiggAmeNa / ca uvedapArageNa bhimmaMga vimuddhamIlaMga // bhAvamRdapajjayahi parigaNadamaDaggA a vAgmagANa / coddamapubbAga nahA ekkamuhaleNa viracaNA vihido / / -tilo0 50 176-76 'pugo teriNadabhUdiggA bhAvamuda-pajjaya-pariNadega vArahagANa codasa-vvANaM ca granthAraNa mekkeNa ceva muhatteNa kameNagyaNA kdaa| tado bhAvamudamma matthapadANa ca nitthayage kattA / titthayagado suda-pajjAgaraNa godamo pariNado tti davva-sudarasa godamo kattA / -dhavalA0 pu01pR0 64-65

Page #59
bhagavAna mahAvIra ke gyAraha gaNadhara 25 aura arthapadoM ke kartA tIrthakara haiN| tIrthakara ke nimitta se gautama gaNadhara zrata padArtha meM pariNata he| ataeva dravyazruta ke kartA gautama gaNadhara haiM / indrabhUti ne donoM prakAra kA zra tajJAna lohAcArya (mudharma svAmI ) ko diyaa| __ jisa dina (kArtika kRSNA amAvasyA ke prAtaHkAla) bhagavAna mahAvIra kA nirvANa huA, usI dina gautama indrabhUti ko kevalajJAna kI prApti huii| unhoMne kevalI paryAya meM bAraha varSa paryanta vividha dezo meM vihAra kara dharmopadeza ke dvArA bhavya jIvoM kA kalyANa kiyA-bIra zAsana kA loka meM pracAra kiyaa| aura IsvI pUrva 515 meM rAjagRha ke vipulagiri se nirvANa prApta kiyaa| agnibhUti-(dvitIya gaNadhara) yaha indrabhUti gautama kA maMjhalA bhAI thaa| pitA kA nAma vamubhUti aura mAtA kA nAma pRthvIdevI thaa| vaha bhI apane jyeSTha bhrAtA indrabhUti ke samAna hI vyAkaraNa, chanda, jyotipa, alakAra, darzana aura veda vedAMga Adi caudaha vidyAnoM meM kuzala thaa| vaha 47 varSa kI vaya meM apane pA~ca mo gipyoM ke sAtha bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samavasaraNa meM dIkSita hayA thA aura bAraha varSa taka chadmastha avasthA meM trayAdaza prakAra ke cAritra kA anuSThAna karate hae apane gaNa kA pAlana kiyA / pazcAta ghAti karma kA nAga kara kevalajJAna prApta kiyA ora 16 varSa kevalo paryAya meM raha kara mahAvIra ke jIvana kAla meM hI lagabhaga 74 varSa kI avasthA meM nirvANa prApta kiyaa| vAyubhUti-(tRtIya gaNadhara) yaha indrabhUti gautama kA choTA bhAI thA / isakI mAtA kA nAma kezarI aura pitA kA nAma vahI vasubhUti thaa| yaha veda vedAMgAdi catardaza vidyAoM kA pAragAmI vidvAna thA aura vyAkaraNa chandAdi samasta vipayoM meM niSNAta thaa| vAyubhUti ke bhI 500 zipya the| yaha bhI apane donoM bhAiyoM, unake ziSyoM tathA apane ziSyoM ke sAtha vipulagiri para mahAvIra ke samavasaraNa meM dIkSita huyA ora unakA nosaga gaNadhara bnaa| usa samaya ina kI avasthA 42 varpa ke lagabhaga thii| inhoMne 10 varSa kA jIvana prAtma-mAdhanA meM vyatIta kiyaa| pazcAt kevalajJAna prApta kara 18 varSa taka kevalI jovana meM vihAra karate rahe aura bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa meM do varSa pUrva ho 70 varSa kI avasthA meM nirvANa prApta kiyaa| prArya vyakta yA zucidatta-(caturtha gaNadhara) bhagavAna mahAvIra ke cauthe gaNadhara kA nAma prArya vyakta yA cidatta thaa| yaha magadha dezastha savAhana nAmaka nagara ke rAjA the, inakA nAma supratipTha thA, inako paTarAnI kA nAma rukmaNi thA, iname mudharma nAma kA eka putra huA thA, jo kuzAgra buddhi thA, vidyAnoM ke parijJAna meM thapTha, samasta zAstroM kA jJAtA aura kalAoM kA dhAraka thA / sajjanoM ke mana ko AnandadAyaka aura zatrupakSa ke kumAroM ko bhaya utpanna karane vAlA thaa| eka dina vaha vizuddhamati supratipTha gajA apanI patnI aura putra ke mAtha bhava-samudra-satAraka bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samavasaraNa meM gayA aura unakI divya-dhvani suna kara sAMsArika deha-bhAgoM meM virakta ho digambara muni ho gayA aura bhagavAna mahAvIra kA caturtha gaNadhara huA aura tapazcaraNa kA anuSThAna kara kevalajJAna prApta kara 1. gatvA vipulazabdAdigigai prApmyAmi nivRtim / -uttara pu0 76-517 2. aha ettha ji vara magahAvimAe, mura ramariga mAma vAmiya dimaa| jinamadiramaDiyadharaNiyale, indIvara-rapa-kaya murgaha jale / savAhaNu nAmu atthi nayara, nAyaravilAmahAmiyagvayaru / / + + so jAu puttu jaNa jANiya he, naranAheM ruppiNI rANiyahe / sauhamma nAmu vijjA pavaru nIsesasattha viNNANa ghara /

Page #60
26 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 mahAvIra ke jIvana kAla meM hI mukti ko prApta huaa| zvetAmbara paramparAnusAra Arya vyakta kollAga sanniveza ke bhAradvAja gotrIya brAhmaNa the| inakI mAtA kA nAma vAruNI aura pitA kA nAma dhanamitra thaa| inake mana meM yaha sandeha thA ki 'brahma ke atirikta sArA saMsAra mithyA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samavasaraNa meM unakI divya vANI se samAdhAna pAkara apane pA~ca so ziSyoM ke sAtha pacAsa varSa kI avasthA meM dIkSA grahaNa kii| bAraha varSa taka chadmastha avasthA meM Atma-sAdhanA kara kevalajJAna prApta kiyaa| 18 varSa taka kevalI rahakara mahAvIra ke jIvana kAla meM assI varSa kI avasthA meM mukti patha ke pathika banekarma bandhana se mukta hue| sudharmasvAmI-(paMcama gaNadhara) sUdharma svAmI magadhadezastha saMvAhana nagara ke rAjA sUpratiSTha aura rAnI rukmaNi kA pUtra thaa| vaha kuzAgra buddhi, vidyAoM ke parijJAna meM jyepTha, samasta zAstroM kA jJAtA aura kalAoM kA dhAraka thA aura sajjanoM ke mana ko Ananda dene vAlA evaM zatru pakSa ke rAjakumAroM ko bhaya utpanna karane vAlA thaa| eka dina rAjA sUpratiSTha saparivAra bhava-samudra-matAraka bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samavasaraNa meM gayA, aura unakI divya dhvani sunakara dehabhogoM se virakta ho digambara mUni ho gayA aura bhagavAna kA caturtha gaNadhara haa| kumAra ne jaba dekhA ki pitA ne rAjya vibhUti kA parityAga kara digambara mudrA dhAraNa kara lI, taba sudharma ne bhI apane janaka kI rAjya mampadA kA parityAga kara zAzvata sukha kI sAdhaka dIkSA aMgIkAra kI aura vaha mahAvIra kA paMcama gaNadhara banA aura tapazcaraNa dvArA Atma-sAdhanA meM tatpara huaa| eka dina vaha muni saMgha ke sAtha vihAra karatA huA rAjagRha ke eka udyAna meM phuNcaa| vahA~ jambUsvAmI ne unheM dekha kara namaskAra kiyA aura phira unhI kI ora dekhane lgaa| usake mana meM unake prati anurAga huaa| jambU kumAra ne sudharma svAmI me usakA kAraNa pUchA, taba unhoMne batalAyA ki 'maiM vahI bhavadatta kA jIva hU~, jo rAjA vajradanta kA sAgaracandra nAma kA pUtra thA, aura muni hokara brahmottara svarga meM deva huA thA aura tuma bhavadeva ke jIva ho, jo mahApadma rAjA ke zivakamAra nAma ke putra the ora pitA ke moha se dIkSA na lekara ghara meM hI pANipAtra meM prAzaka AhAra liyA karate the| vahA~ se jalakAnta vimAna meM vidyunmAlI nAmaka deva huA, jo cAra deviyoM se yukta thaa| aba vahA~ se arhadAsa vaNika kA pUtra hA hai| yahI paraspara ke sneha kA kAraNa hai| gautama gotrIya indrabhUti ne eka muhUrta meM dvAdazAMga kA avadhAraNa kara bAraha aMga rUpa granthoM kI racanA kI aura apane guNoM ke samAna sudharmAcArya ko usakA vyAkhyAna kiyaa| mudharma svAmI kA apara nAma lohAcArya bhI thA / dhavalA TIkA meM sudharma ke sthAna para lohAcArya kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| sajjaga maga nayagANaMdayau, lAiya paDibakva kumAra haru / ekahi diNe muppaiTTha nivai, makalanu manadagu suddhamai / gau vadaNa bhattie bhavataraNa, migviIrajiNaMda mamomaraNa / riNamuraNe vi pagmeTThihi divva jhuriga, pavajja levihuu parama muriNa / gaNahara cautthu tava-viyataNu, middhavahu nimemiya vimalamaNu // -jaMbU sAmicariu pR0 150-151 1. prAcArya ravipega ne padmacarita ke 41 ve padya meM 'sudharma dhAriNI bhavam' dvArA unheM dhAriNI kA putra prakaTa kiyA hai| 2. teNa godameNa duvi hamavi sudaNANaM lohajjassa saMcAridaM / -dhavalA0 pu01pR0 65

Page #61
bhagavAna mahAvIra ke gyAraha gaNadhara muni padmanandi ne bhI jambUdIpapaNNattI meM sudharma kA nAma spaSTa rUpa se lohAcArya batalAyA hai, jaisA ki usakI nimna gAthA se spaSTa hai: teNa vi lohajjassa ya lohajjeNa ya sudhammaNAmeNa / gaNadhara sudhammaNA khalu jambUNAmassa nniddittttho|| (jabU0pa01-10) isase sudharma kA nAma lohAcArya nizcita hai| jaba ImbI pUrva 515 meM indrabhUti gautama kA nirvANa huA, usI dina sUdharma svAmI ko kevalajJAna kI prApti huii| mudharma svAmI ne 30 varSa gaNadhara avasthA meM rahakara apane mAtmA kA vikAsa kiyA aura saMgha macAlana kiyA, tathA jaina dharma ke pracAra eva prasAra meM sahayoga pradAna kiyaa| madharma svAmI ne 30 varSa ke muni jIvana meM jo kArya kiyA hai, sahasro ko jainadharma meM dIkSita kiyA, usakA yadyapi koI vivaraNa upalabdha nahI hai| kintu unake muni jIvana ko eka ghaTanA kA ullekha nimna prakAra upalabdha hotA hai| eka samaya mudharmAcArya samagha vihAra karate hue ur3a deza ke dharmapUra nagara meM pAye aura upavana meM tthhre| vahA~ ke rAjA kA nAma 'yama' thaa| usakI aneka rAniyA~ thii| unameM dhanavatI nAma kI rAnI me gardabha nAma kA pUtra aura koNikA nAma kI putrI utpanna haI thii| anya ganiyoM meM pAca mo pUtra utpanna hae the| ye pA~ca mo pUtra paraspara meM premI, dharmAtmA aura sasAra se udAsIna rahate the| rAjamatrI kA nAma dIrgha thA, jo bahuta buddhimAna aura rAjanItijJa thaa| sudharmAcArya kA prAgamana jAnakara, tathA nagara-nivAmiyoM ko pUjA kI sAmagrI lekara unakI pUjA-vandanA ko jAte dekhakara rAjA bhI apane pANDitya ke abhimAna meM muniyo kI nindA karate hue unake pAsa gyaa| muni-nindA aura jJAna ke abhimAna me usake aise tIvra karma kA udaya pAyA ki usakI saba buddhi naSTa ho gii| use apanI yaha dazA dekhakara bar3A Azcarya aura kheda humA / usane unakI tIna pradakSiNA dI aura namaskAra kara unase dharmopadeza mnaa| usase use bahata kucha zAnti milii| usane apane pAca mau putrI ke sAtha gardabha ko rAjya dekara dIkSA dhAraNa kara lI aura tapazcaraNa dvArA Atma-sAdhanA karane lgaa| unake putra bhI prAtma-sAdhanA meM salagna hokara kaThora tapa kA AcaraNa karane lge| ___ isa taraha sudharmAcArya ne sahasroM ko dIkSA dI, unhe sanmArga meM lagAyA, aura mahAvIra-zAsana kA pracAra kiyaa| anta meM sudharmasvAmI ne apanA saba saMghabhAra jambasvAmI ko sauMpa diyA aura ghAtikarmoM kA vinAza kara kevalI (parNajJAnI) bane / unhoMne bAraha varSa paryanta vividha dezoM meM vihAra kara janatA kA kalyANa kiyA-mahAvIra ke sarvodaya tIrtha kA pracAra kiyaa| anta meM IsvI pUrva 503 meM sau varSa kI avasthA meM vipUlAcala se nirvANa prApta kiyaa| zvetAmbara paramparAnusAra pAMcave gaNadhara sudharma kA paricaya nimna prakAra hai : pacama gaNadhara sadharmA 'kollAga' sanniveza ke agni vaizyAyana gotrIya brAhmaNa the| inakI mAtA kA nAma bhahilA aura pitA kA nAma dhammila thaa| inhoMne bhI janmAntara viSayaka apane sandeha ko miTAkara bhagavAna mahAvIra ke caraNoM meM pAMca sau chAtroM ke sAtha dIkSA grahaNa kii| ye bhagavAna mahAvIra ke uttarAdhikArI hae, aura mahAvIra nirvANa ke bIsa varSa bAda taka saMgha kI sevA karate rahe / anya sabhI gaNadharoM ne inhe dIrgha jIvI samajha kara apane-apane gaNa smhlvaae| inakI prAyu sau varSa ke lagabhaga thii| 50 varSa kI vaya meM dIkSA lI aura 42 varSa chadmastha paryAya meM 1- manniva tidine labdhA sudharmaH zrutapAragaH / / lokAlokAvalokakAlokamantyavilocanam // .-uttara pu0,763517-518

Page #62
28 aura 8 varSa kevalI rUpa meM dharma kA pracAra kara zata varSa kI Ayu meM rAjagRha nagara se mukta hue / ' mANDavya - (chaThaveM gaNadhara ) jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 yaha maurya sanniveza ke vaziSTha gotrIya brAhmaNa the| inake pitA kA nAma dhanadeva aura mAtA kA nAma vijayA thA / inhoMne bhI indrabhUti kI taraha apane 350 chAtroM ke sAtha tirepana varSa ko avasthA meM mahAvIra ke samakSa muni dIkSA aMgIkAra kI / caudaha varSa taka AtmasAdhanA ke mArga meM rahakara 67 varSa kI avasthA meM kevalajJAna prApta kiyA / lagabhaga 16 varSa kevalI jIvana meM rahakara bhagavAna mahAvIra ke jIvana samaya meM hI mukta hue / maurya putra - ( sAtave gaNadhara ) sAtave gaNadhara mIyaM putra haiM, jo maurya sanniveza ke nivAsI the| inakA gotra kAzyapa thaa| inake pitA kA nAma morya aura mAtA kA nAma vijayA devI thaa| deva aura devaloka sambandhI zaMkA kI nivRtti ke pariNAmasvarUpa lagabhaga paisaTha varSa kI avasthA meM apane 350 chAtroM ke sAtha jinezvarI dIkSA aMgIkAra kI / kucha varSa udmastha avasthA meM bitAkara 76 varSa kI vaya meM kevala jJAna prApta kiyA / 16 varSa kevalI paryAya meM rahakara mahAvIra ke jIvana kAla meM hI mukta hue / kampita- ( zraThaveM gaNadhara ) AThaveM gaNadhara kA nAma akampita thA / yaha mithilA nagara ke nivAsI gautama gotrIya brAhmaNa the / inake pitA kA nAma deva aura mAtA kA nAma jayantI thA / inheM naraka ora nArakIya jIvoM ke sambandha meM sandeha thA / apane sarAya kI nivRtti ke kAraNa 48 varSa kI avasthA meM apane tIna sau ziSyoM ke sAtha mahAvIra ke caraNoM meM daigambarI dIkSA grahaNa kI / tapazcaraNAdi dvArA chadmastha jIvana bitAkara, kevalajJAna prApta kara, 21 varSa paryanta kevalI paryAya meM rahakara rAjagRha se mukti prApta kii| pracalabhrAtA - (nauva gaNadhara ) bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nauveM gaNadhara kA nAma acala bhrAtA thA / jo hArIya gotrIya brAhmaNa the / inake pitA kA nAma vasu aura mAtA kA nAma nandAdevI thA / puNya-pApa-sambandhI apanI jijJAsA kI nivRtti ke bAda unhoMne apane tIna sau ziSyoM ke sAtha chayAlIsa varSa kI avasthA meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke sanmukha digambara dIkSA lI aura kaThora sAdhanA karate hue unhoMne kevala bAMdhi prApta kii| lagabhaga bahattara varSa kI avasthA meM vipulAcala se nirvANa prApta kiyA / metArya- - ( dasaveM gaNadhara ) dazave gaNadhara kA nAma matArya hai| ye vansa dezAntargata tugika sanniveza ke nivAsI the| inakA gotra kauDinya thaa| inake pitA kA nAma datta aura mAtA kA nAma varuNA thA / punarjanma ke sambandha meM inake mana meM sazaya thA / kintu bhagavAna mahAvIra ke upadeza meM usakA samAdhAna ho gyaa| nizzaMka hone para inhoMne chattIsa varSa kI avasthA meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samakSa apane tIna sau ziSyoM ke sAtha dvividha parigraha kA parityAga kara digambara dIkSA le lI / tapazcaraNa dvArA kaThora sAdhanA karate hue ghAti catuSTaya kA vinAza kara kevalajJAna prApta kiyA aura lagabhaga bAsaTha varSa kI avasthA meM rAjagRha se mukti prApta kI / prabhAsa - ( gyArahaveM gaNadhara ) gyArahave gaNadhara kA nAma ' prabhAsa' thA / ye rAjagRha ke nivAsI the| inakA gotra kauDinya thA / inake 1. mokSa te mahAvIre sudharmAgaNabhRdvaraH / chathI dvAdazAbdAni tasthau tIrthapravartayan // tatazca dvAnavatyabdI prAnte samprAptakevalaH / aSTAbdI vijahArova bhavyasatvAn prabodhayat // prApte nirvANa samaye pUrNa varSa zatAyuSA / sudharma svAminA sthApi jambUsvAmI gaNAdhipaH || - pariziSTa parva 4-57, 58, 56

Page #63
bhagavAna mahAvIra ke gyAraha gaNadhara 26 pitA kA nAma bala aura mAtA kA nAma atibhadrA thaa| inako mokSa ke sambandha meM zaMkA tho / bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA usakA samAdhAna ho jAne para unhIM ke samakSa unhoMne digambara mudrA dhAraNa kii| ATha varSa taka kaThora tapazcaraNa dvArA Atma-zodhana kiyA aura ghAti catuSTaya kA vinAza kara kevalajJAna prApta kiyaa| kucha varSa kevalo paryAya meM rahakara avinAzI pada prApta kiyaa| yama muni ur3a deza meM dharmapura nAma kA eka nagara thaa| vahA~ ke rAjA kA nAma 'yama' thaa| rAjA bar3A gan aura zAstrajJa thaa| usakI dhanavatI rAnI se gadabha nAma kA eka putra ora koNikA nAma ko putro utpanna hu atirikta aura bhI rAniyA~ thii| jiname pA~ca sau putra utpanna hae the| ve pA~ca so bhAI paraspara meM premI aura dharmAtmA the / saMsAra se udAsIna rahA karate the| rAjA kA dIrgha nAma kA eka maMtrI thA jo loka zAstra aura rAjanIti kA paMDita thaa| eka dina kisI naimittika ne rAjA se kahA ki kumArI koNikA kA jo pati hogA vaha sArI pRthvI kA bhoktA hogaa| yaha sunakara rAjA atyanta prasanna huaa| vaha putrI kI bar3e yatna se rakSA karane lgaa| usane usake lie eka sundara talaghara banavA diyA, jisase use choTe-moTe balavAna rAjA na dekha skeN| eka samaya sudharmAcArya vihAra karate hue pAMca sau muniyoM ke saMgha sahita dharmapura meM padhAre, aura nagara ke bAhara upavana meM tthhre| unakA ekamAtra lakSya sasAra ke jIvoM kA hita karanA thaa| nagara nivAsiyoM ko unakI pUjA, vandanA ke liye pUjana sAmagrI ko lekara jAte hue dekhakara rAjA bhI apane pANDitya ke abhimAna meM muniyoM kI nindA karate hae unake pAsa gyaa| muni nindA aura jJAna kA abhimAna karane se usI samaya usake aise tIvra pApa karma kA udaya pAyA ki usakI buddhi naSTa ho gaI, aura vaha mahAmUrkha bana gyaa| nIti meM bhI kahA hai ki kUla, jAti, bala, Rddhi, aizvarya, zarIra, tapa, pUjA pratiSThA aura jJAnAdi kA mada nahI karanA cAhiye, kyoMki inakA abhimAna bar3A duHkhadAyI hotA hai| __rAjA ko apanI yaha dazA dekhakara bar3A Azcarya aura kheda huaa| usane apane kRta karmoM kA bar3A pazcAttApa kiyaa| munirAja ko bhakti pUrvaka namaskAra kiyA, aura unakI tIna pradakSiNAeM diiN| aura usane unakA bhaktiparvaka upadeza sUnA / usasa use kucha zAnti milii| usakA prabhAva rAjA para par3A, pariNAmasvarUpa rAjA kA citta deha-bhogoM se virakta ho gyaa| ve usI samaya gardabha nAma ke putra ko rAjya dekara apane anya pA~ca sau patroM ke sAtha, jo bAla avasthA se vairAgI the, muni ho ge| mUni avasthA meM sabane zAstroM kA khUba abhyAsa kiyaa| pAzcarya hai ki pA~ca sau patra to khaba vidvAna bana ge| kintu yama mUni ko paMca namaskAra matra kA uccAraNa karanA taka nahIM paayaa| apanI yaha dazA dekhakara ve bar3e zarmindA aura dukhI hue| unhoMne vahA~ rahanA ucita na samajha apane guru se tIrtha yAtrA karane kI prAjJA le lI, aura akele hI vahA~ se nikala pdd'e| eka dina yAtrA meM yama muni akele hI svacchanda ho mArga meM jA rahe the| unhoMne gamana karate hue eka ratha 1. etasmin sakale naSTe garvahIno narAdhipaH / munipArzva sa samprApya bhaktihRSTatanUruhaH // 14 // pAhaya gardabhAbhikhyaM putra prAptaM sa bhUpatiH / rAjyapaTTa babandhAsya samastanapasAkSikam // 15 // zataH paMcabhirAyuktaH svaputrANAMpa naSaiH saha / anyaH sudharmasAmIpye rAjendraH sa tapo'grahIt // 16 // evaM prajite tasmistatputrA naptaMkuJjarAH / granthArthapAragAH sarve babhUvuH svalpakAlataH // 17 // -hariSeNa kathA koza, kathA 61, pR0 132

Page #64
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 dekhA jisameM gadhe jute hue the aura usa para eka AdamI baiThA huA thaa| gadhe use hare dhAna ke kheta kI ora le jA rahe the| rAste meM muni ko jAte hue dekha kara ratha meM baiThe hue manuSya ne unheM pakar3a liyA, aura unheM vaha kapTa pahuMcAne lgaa| muni ke jJAna kA kucha kSayopazama ho jAne se unhoMne eka khaNDa gAthA par3hI-kahasi puNa Nikkhevasire gahahA javaM pecchasi khAdimiti' / re gadho, kaSTa uThAnoge to tuma jo bhI coho khA skoge| eka dina kucha bAlaka khela rahe the, devayoga se koNikA bhI vahIM pahuMca gii| use dekhakara ve bAlaka Dare / usa samaya koNikA ko dekhakara yama muni ne eka aura khaNDa gAthA banAkara paDhI 'aNNattha ki palovaha tumhe paNa buddhi yA chidde acchaI koNiA iti / dUsarI ora kyA dekhate ho? tumhArI patthara sarIkhI kaThora buddhi ko chedane vAlI koNikA to hai / eka anya dina yama muni ne eka meMDhaka ko eka kamala patra kI Ar3a meM chupe hae sarpa kI ora Ate hae dekhaa| dekhakara ve meDhaka se bole-'amhAdo Natthi bhayaM dohAdo dIsade bhayaM tumheti'| -mere AtmA ko kisI se bhaya nahIM hai, kintu bhaya hai tumheN| yama muni ne jo kucha thor3A-sA jJAna sampAdana kara pAyA, vaha ukta tIna khaNDa gAthAtmaka hI thaa| ve unhIM kA svAdhyAya karate, isake atirikta unheM kucha nahI AtA thaa| kintu unakA antarmAnasa pavitra thaa| ve yathAjAta mudrA ke dhAraka the, tapazcaraNa karate aura aneka tIrthoM kI yAtrA karate hae ve dharmapura aae| ve zahara ke bAhara eka bagIce meM kAyotsarga mudrA meM sthita ho dhyAna karane lge| unake Ane kA samAcAra unake patra gardabha aura rAjamaMtrI dIrgha ko jJAta huaa| unhoMne samajhA ki ye hamase punaH rAjya lene ke liye Aye haiN| ataeva ve donoM muni ko mArane kA vicAra kara AdhI rAta ke samaya vana meM Ae aura talavAra khIMca kara unake pIche khar3e ho ge| mUnivara ne nimna gAthA par3hI-dhika rAjyaM ghiG mUrkhatvaM kAtaratvaM ca dhiktarAm / nispRhAcca muneryana zaMkA raajye'bhvttyoH|| -ose rAjya ko, aisI mUrkhatA aura aise Darapokapane ko dhikkAra hai, jisase eka nispRha aura saMsAratyAgI muni ke dvArA rAjya ke chIne jAne kA unheM bhaya huaa| yadyapi gardabha aura dIrgha donoM muni kI hatyA karane ko Ae the, parantu unakI unheM mArane kI himmata na pdd'ii| usI samaya muni ne apanI svAdhyAya kI pahalI gAthA pddh'ii| use sunakara gardabha ne maMtrI se kahA-jAna par3atA hai muni ne hama donoM ko dekha diyA hai| pazcAt muni ne dUsarI khaNDa gAthA par3hI, nahIM jI, manirAja rAjya lene nahI Ae haiN| merA vaisA samajhanA bhrama thA ajJAna thaa| merI bahina koNikA ke prema vavekacha kahane ko Aye jAna par3ate haiM / anaMtara munirAja ne tIsarI gAthA bhI pddh'ii| usakA artha gardabha ne yaha samajhA ki maMtrI dIrgha bar3A duSTa hai, mujhe mAranA cAhatA hai| ataeva bhramavaza hI pitA jI mujhe sAvadhAna karane Aye haiN| thor3I dera meM unakA maba sandeha dUra ho gyaa| unhoMne apane hRdaya kI saba duSTatA chor3akara bar3I bhakti ke sAtha una munirAja ko praNAma kiyA aura dharma kA upadeza sunaa| upadeza sunakara ve donoM bahuta prasanna hue, aura zrAvaka ke vratoM ko grahaNa kara apane sthAna ko lauTa ge| yamadhara mUni nirmala cAritra kA pAlana karate hae apane pariNAmoM ko vairAgya se sarAvora karane lge| unakI nispRha vRtti, pavitra saMyama kA AcaraNa, aura tapazcaraNa kI niSThatA, ekAgratA dina-para-dina bar3ha rahI thii| unheM tapazcaraNa ke prabhAva se sapta RddhiyA~ prApta huii| ve bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA upadiSTa samyakajJAna kI ArAdhanA meM tatpara hae / labdhi saMyukta ve muni anya pA~ca sau muniyoM ke sAtha kumAragiri ke zikhara se devaloka ko prApta he| jaisA ki kathA koza ke nimnapadyoM se spaSTa hai 1. yamayogI pariprApya gurumAmIpyamAdagat / ghoraM tapazcakAredaM vividdhi samanvitaH / / 5 / / pAdAnumAriNI buddhiH kopThabuddhistathaiva ca / maMbhinnazrotrikAdyA hi buddhayaH parikIrtitAH / / 5 / / ugraM tapamtathA dIptaM tapamtaptaM mahAtapaH / ghogadIni vijAnantu tapAMsImAni kovidaH // 60 // -hariSeNa kathAkoSa pR0 133

Page #65
antima kevalI jambUsvAmI etAbhirla ndhibhiryuktaH zrAmaNyaM paripAlya ca / dharmAdinagarAsanne kumAragirimastake || 67 // zataiH paJcabhirAyukto munInAM dharmazAlinAm / zrArAdhanAM samArAdhya yamaH sAdhudivaM yayau // 68 // 31 antima kevalI jambUsvAmI I magadha deza ke rAjagRha nagara meM zraddAsa nAma kA seTha rahatA thA / usakI patnI kA nAma jinamatI yA jinadAsI thA, jo rUpa lAvaNya- saMyukta aura pativratA thii| donoM hI jainadharma ke saMpAlaka aura dharmaniSTha zrAvaka the / seTha addAsa ke pitA kA nAma dhanadatta aura mAtA kA nAma gotravatI thaa| inake do putra the zraddAsa aura jinadAsa / inameM arhaddAsa dharmAtmA thA aura jinadAsa kusaMgati ke kAraNa dyUtAdi durvyasanoM kA zikAra ho gayA thA / vaha eka dina jue meM chattIsa sahasra mudrAe hAra gyaa| ghara se mudrAe lAkara dene kA vacana dene para bhI chala nAma ke eka juArI ne jinadAsa ke peTa meM kaTAra mAra dii| usakI sUcanA milane para zraddAsa use apane ghara le AyA, aura ucita upacAra karane para bhI vaha use bacA na sakA / usane arhaddAsa se kahA ki maiMne jIvana meM dharma se viparIta bure karma kiye hai, unakA mujhe pazcAttApa hai / paraloka sudhArane ke liye kucha dharma kA svarUpa batalAiye / taba zraddAsa ne use dhArmika upadeza diyA aura pacanamaskAra maMtra sunAyA, jisame vaha yakSa yoni meM utpanna huA / jaba usane yaha sunA ki arhaddAsa seTha ke gRha meM antima kevalo jambUsvAmI kA janma hogA, to vaha apane vaMza kI prazaMsA sunakara harSa se nAca uThA / vidyunmAlI deva kA jIva brahma svarga se cayakara jaba jinamatI ke garbha meM AyA taba jinamatI ne pAMca zubha svapna dekhe - hAthI, sarovara, cAvaloM kA kheta, dhUma rahita agni, aura jAmuna ke phala / nau mahIne bAda 607 I0 pUrva meM jambUsvAmI kA janma huA aura usakA nAma jambUkumAra rakkhA gyaa| jambUkumAra dUja ke candra ke samAna pratidina bar3hatA gayA / vaha svabhAvataH saumya, sundara, miSTabhASI, bhadra, dayAlu aura vairAgyapriya thA / bAla zravasthA meM usane samasta vidyAnoM kI zikSA pAI thii| usake guNoM kI surabhi cAroM tarapha phailane lgii| vaha kAmadeva ke samAna sundara rUpa kA dhAraka thA / use dekhakara nagara kI nAriyA~ apanI sudha-budha kho baiThatI thIM aura kAma vANa se pIr3ita ho jAtI thii| kintu kumAra para usakA koI prabhAva a Mkita nahI hotA thA, kyoMki usakA indriya viSayoM meM koI rAga nahI thA aura yuvAvasthA meM bhI vaha nirvikAra thA / usake Atma- pradezoM meM vairAgya rasa kA ubhAra jo ho rahA thA / vaha vajravRSabhanArAca sahanana kA dhArI aura carama zarIrI thA aura jaina dharma kA saMpAlaka thA / jIvana- ghaTanAeM eka bAra rAjA zreNika kA bar3A hAthI kolAhala se bhayabhIta hokara sAMkala tor3akara krodhayukta ho vana meM ghUmane lagA / usake kapoloM se mada kara rahA thA jisa para bhramara guMjAra kara rahe the| vaha nIla parvata ke samAna * se kAlA thA aura apane dAMtoM se pRthvI ko kuredatA huA sUMr3a se pAnI pheMkatA thaa| vaha jidhara jAtA vRkSoM ko jar3amUla ukhAr3a detA thaa| usa vana meM Ama, jAmuna, nAraMgI, kelA, tAla-tamAla, azoka, kadaMba, sallakI sAla, nIbU, khajUra, nAriyala, aura anAra Adi ke sundara per3a lage hue the / kucha paudhe khuzabUdAra phUloM ke samUha se lade hue the, jinakI mahaka se vaha vana surabhita ho rahA thaa| usameM aneka prakAra ke phala-phUla aura mevoM vAle bahumUlya per3a the| usa vana kI zobhA dekhate hI banatI thii| vaha moraNiyoM ke zabdoM se guMjAyamAna thA aura koyaloM kI madhura dhvani se mukharita ho

Page #66
32 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 rahA thaa| janatA hAthI kI bhayaMkaratA se prAkulita ho rahI thii| bar3e-bar3e yoddhA bhI use vAMdhane kA sAhasa nahIM kara ske| kintu jambUkumAra ne acintya sAhasa aura bala se usa para savAra hokara usa unmatta hAthI ko kSaNamAtra meM vaza meM kara liyaa| ataeva janatA meM jambUkumAra ke sAhasa kI prazaMsA hone lgii| loga kahane lage-dhanya hai kumAra kA adabhata bala, jisane dekhate-dekhate kSaNamAtra meM bhayAnaka hAthI ko vaza meM kara liyaa| yaha saba usake puNya kA mAhAtmya hai, isaliye vaha mahApuruSoM dvArA pUjya hai / puNya se hI sampadA, sugva sAmagrI aura vijaya milatI hai| jambUkumAra ne kerala ke yuddha meM jo vIratA dikhalAI vaha advitIya thii| ratnazekhara me yuddha karate hue jambUkumAra ne usako bAMdha liyaa| yuddha kitanA bhayaMkara hotA hai ise yoddhA acchI taraha se jAnate hai| kahA~ ratnazevara kI baDI bhArI senA aura kaho akelA jmbuukuumaar| kintu jambUkumAra ne apane buddhi kauzala aura Atmabala se zatru para apanI vIratA kA sikkA jamA liyA, bando hue. kerala nareza ko bandhana se mukta kiyA; usako suputrI vilAsavatI kA vimbasAra ke sAtha vivAha karA diyA; aura kerala nareza magAka tathA ratna zekhara meM paraspara mela karA diyaa| ina saba ghaTanAo me jambUkUmAra kI mahAnatA kA patA calatA hai| jambUkumAra jaba kerala se vApisa loTa kara pA rahA thA, taba use vipulAcala para sudharma gaNadhara ke Ane kA patA calA / vaha unake samIpa gayA, aura namaskAra kara thor3I dera ekaTaka dRSTi meM unakI ora dekhatA rhaa| jambakumAra kA unake prati AkarSaNa bar3ha rahA thaa| para use yaha smaraNa na ho sakA ki merA inake prati itanA AkarSaNa kyo hai ? kyA maine inhe kahI dekhA hai, isa anUgaga kA kyA kAraNa hai ? taba usane samIpa meM jAkara punaH namaskAra kiyA aura unase apane anurAga kA kAraNa puuchaa| taba unhone batalAyA ki pUrva janmoM meM maiM aura tuma donoM bhAIbhAI the / hama donoM meM paraspara bar3A anurAga thaa| merA nAma bhavadatta aura tumhArA nAma bhavadeva thaa| sAgarasena yA sAgaracandra puNDarIkiNI nagarI meM cAraNa muniyoM se apane pUrva janma kA vRttAnta suna kara deha-bhogoM se virakta ho muni ho gayA aura trayodaza prakAra ke cAritra kA anuSThAna karate hue bhAI ke sambodhanArtha vItazokA nagarI meM padhAre / vahA~ bhavadeva kA jIva candravatI kA zivakumAra nAmaka putra huA thA / zivakumAra ne mahaloM ke Upara se muniyoM ko dekhA, usase use parvajanma kA smaraNa ho AyA aura dehabhogoM se usake mana meM viraktatA kA bhAva utpanna hnaa| usase rAjaprAsAda meM kolAhala maca gyaa| zivakumAra ne mAtA-pitA se dIkSA lene kI anumati maaNgii| pitA ne bahuta pA, pAra kahA-tapa aura vratA kA anuSThAna ghara ma bhI ho sakatA hai| dIkSA lana kI AvazyakatA nahI hai| pitA ke anurodhavaza kumAra ne taruNI janoM ke madhya meM rahate hae bhI virakta bhAva meM brahmacarya vrata kA anuSThAna kiyaa| isa asidhArA vrata kA pAlana karate hA zivakumAra dUsaroM ke yahA~ pANipAtra meM prAzuka AhAra karatA thA / prAya ke anta meM brahma svarga meM vidya nmAlI deva huaa| maiM bhI usI svarga meM gayA / vahA~ se cayakara maiM sudharma huA hU~ aura tuma jambUkumAra nAma ke putra hue| yahI tumhArA mere prati sneha kA kAraNa hai| jambUkumAra ne mudharma svAmI kA upadeza munA, usase usake hRdaya meM vairAgya kA pravAha umar3a AyA, aura usane sudharmAcArya me dIkSA dene ke lie nivedana kiyaa| taba unhoMne kahA ki jambUkumAra ! tuma apane mAtApitA me AjJA lekara grAmo, taba dIkSA dI jaaegii| kuTumbiyoM ne bhI anurodha kiyA, aura kahA ki kumAra ! abhI dIkSA na lo| kucha samaya bAda le lenA / ataH jambU kumAra ghara vApisa A gyaa| mAtA-pitA ne use vivAha ke baMdhana meM bA~dhane kA prayatna kiyaa| taba jambakumAra ne vivAha karAne se inakAra kara diyaa| seTha prahadAsa ne apane mitra seThoM ke ghara yaha sandeza bhijavA diyA ki jambUkumAra vivAha karAne se inakAra karatA hai| ataH Apa apanI putriyoM kA sambandha anyatra kara sakate haiN| unakI putriyoM ne kahA ki vivAha to unhIM se hogA, anyathA hama kumArI rheNgii| ve eka rAtri hameM de, usake bAda unheM dIkSA lene se koI nahIM rokegaa| ata: vivAha huaa| vivAha ke pazcAt jambUkumAra ghara AyA aura rAtri meM striyoM ke madhya meM baiThakara carcA hone lgii| bahueM anurAgavardhaka aneka praznottaroM aura kathA kahAniyoM, dRSTAntoM dvArA jambUkumAra ko niruttara karane yA rijhAne meM samartha na ho skiiN| unhoMne zRGgAra paraka hAva-bhAva rUpa cepTAnoM kA avalambana bhI liyA, kintu jambUkumAra para ve prabhAva DAlane meM sarvathA asamartha rhiiN| vidyuta cora apane sAthiyoM ke sAtha jinadAsa ke ghara corI karane pAyA, paura chipakara khar3A

Page #67
antima kevalo jambUsvAmI hogyaa| vahAM jambUkumAra aura unakI striyoM kI vArtA ho rahI thii| vidyutacora bar3I dera se unake AkhyAnoM ko suna rahA thA, use usameM rasa Ane se aura jAgRti rahane se vaha corI to nahIM kara sakA, para vaha unakI bAtoM meM tanmaya ho gyaa| vidyutacora ne bhI aneka dRSTAntoM aura kathAnakoM dvArA kumAra ko samajhAne kA yatna kiyA, para vidyutacora kI vakAlata bhI unheM viSayapAza meM na phaimA sko| ulTA jambakumAra kA prabhAva vidyatacora aura usake sAthiyoM para pddaa| ataH vidyatacora bhI apane sAthiyoM ke sAtha cora karma kA parityAga kara dIkSA lene ke liye tatpara ho gyaa| jambU kumAra to dIkSA lene ke liye pahale se hI utsuka thaa| jambUkumAra kI jina-dIkSA jambUkumAra ne apane vivAha kI isa rAtri meM apanI una cAra patniyoM ko buddhivala se jIta liyaa| unakI zRMgAraparaka hAva-bhAva cepTAnoM, kathAnakoM, upakathAnakoM Adi kA jamba kumAra para koI prabhAva aMkita nahIM hamA, unhoMne rAga bharI dRSTi se unakI ora jhAMkA taka bhI nhiiN| unakI vaigagya bharI saumya dRSTi kA prabhAva una para pdd'aa| vidya tacora aura usake sAthI saba socate ki dekho, kumAra para devAMganAoM ke sadRza atyanta sundara ina nava yuvatiyoM kA aura dhana vaibhava kA koI prabhAva nahI hai, aisI vibhUti ko chor3akara yaha dIkSA le rahA hai| hama loga to jidagI bhara pApa karma karate rahe, aura usI ke liye yahA~ Aye the; kintu kumAra kA jina-dIkSA lene kA dar3ha nizcaya dekhakara hamArA vicAra badala gayA aura hama saba bhI dIkSA lekara prAtma-sAdhanA kareMge / hamAre isa nizcaya ko aba koI TAlane ke liye samartha nahIM hai| isa prakAra ke vicAra vinimaya meM hI saba rAtri calI gayI, aura prAtaH kAla ho gyaa| seTha arhadAsa ne prAtaHkAla rAjabhavana meM jAkara samrATa se nivedana kiyA ki jambakumAra kI cAroM navoDhA patniyAM bhI use gahastha ke baMdhana meM na bA~dha sakI aura ve dIkSA lene vana meM jA rahe haiN| samrATa ne kahA-acchA unako jalasa ke rUpa meM sUdharma svAmI ke pAsa le calane kI vyavasthA kI jAya / jalasa meM dandabhi bAje baja rahe the. hAthI, ghoDe, UMTa, aura paidala janatA sabhI usameM zAmila the| bIca meM eka sajI huI pAlakI meM z2ambU kumAra baiThe hue the| unake zarIra para bahumUlya vastrAbhUpaNa the| unake sira para mukuTa badhA hA thA, jise samrATa bimbasAra ne bAMdhA thaa| pAlakI ko nagara ke sambhrAMta nAgarika uThAe hue the| janatA utsAha ke sAtha bhagavAna mahAvIra kI jaya, muvadharma svAmI kI jaya aura jambasvAmI kI jaya bola rahI thii| zaH nagara ke sabhI pradhAna mArgo se ghamatA hA Age baDhatA jA rahA thaa| mArga meM sabhI gavAkSa aura chate nara-nAriyoM se bhara gii| saba ora se unake Upara puSpa barasAye jA rahe the| jisa samaya julUsa arhadAsa seTha ke makAna kI ora prAyA, taba jambUkumAra kI mAtA jinamatI mohavaza daur3atI huI pAlakI ke pAsa AI / vaha mukha se hA putra ! hA putra ! kahakara ekadama mUcchita ho gaI / zItopacAra se jaba vaha hoza meM AI to AMsU bahAtI huI gadgad ho kahane lagI he putra ! eka bAra tU mujha prabhAginI mAtA kI ora to dekh| yaha kahakara vaha punaH mUcchita ho gii| apanI sAsa ko mRcchita huA dekha jambUkumAra kI cAroM bahue~ bhI atyanta zokasantapta hokara rudana karatI huI bolIM he nAtha ! he kAmadeva ! hama sabako anAtha banAkara Apa kahA~ jA rahe haiM ? jisa taraha candramA ke binA rAtri kI zobhA nahIM, kamala ke binA sarovara kI zobhA nahIM, usI taraha Apake binA hamArA jIvana bhI nirarthaka hai| he kRpAnAtha ! Apa prasanna hoM aura thor3e samaya gRhastha avasthA meM rahakara bAda meM usakA parityAga kara dIkSA le leN| jambakUmAra kI patniyA~ isa prakAra kaha hI rahIM thI ki candanAdi ke upacAra se mAtA jinamatI ko dabArA hoza A gyaa| vaha hoza meM Akara ro-rokara jambUkumAra se kahane lagI he pUtra ! kahA~ to terA kele ke patte ke samAna komala zarIra aura kahA~ vaha asidhArA ke samAna kaThora jina dIkSA! tapazcaraNa kitanA kaThina hai| nagna zarIra, DA~sa-macchara, jhaMjhAvAta, varSA, ThaNDa, garmI, Adi kI aneka asahya bAdhAyeM kaise sahana karegA? he bAlaka ! tU isa Ubar3a-khAbar3a kaThora bhUmi meM kaise zayana karegA aura bhujAoM ko

Page #68
34 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 laTakAe hue tU kisa taraha rAtri bhara kAyotsarga mudrA meM dhyAna karegA, aura upasarga pariSaha kI bhISaNa sthitiyoM meM apane ko kaise nizcala rakha skegaa| kintu sudRr3ha saMkalpI jambUkumAra mAtA ko rotI-bilakhatI dekhakara bole-he mAtA ! tU zoka ko chor3akara kAyarapane kA parityAga kara / tujhe apane mana meM yaha socanA cAhieka yaha saMsAra anitya aura azaraNa hai / he mAtA! maine aneka janmoM meM indriya-viSayoM ke sukha kA aneka bAra upabhoga kiyA aura unheM jaThana ke samAna chodd'aa| aise atRptakArI viSaya sukho kI ora bhalA mAtA ! mai kaise jA sakatA huuN| tujhe to prasanna honA cAhie ki terA putra sasAra ke badhanoM ko kATakara paramArtha ke mArga para agrasara ho rahA hai| __isa taraha jambU kumAra apanI mAtA ko sambodhita kara pAlakI meM baiThakara Age bar3he aura rAjagRha ke sabhI mArgo se ghUmakara nagara ke bAhara upavana meM phuNce| upavana meM eka vRkSa ke nIce maniyoM ke parikara sahita mahAtapodhana sudharma svAmI baiThe hue the / jambUkumAra pAlakI se utarakara unake samIpa ge| unhe namarakAra kiyA, tIna pradakSiNAeM dii| phira unake sAmane hAtha jor3akara natamastaka ho bar3e Adara se khar3e ho yaha prArthanA kI he dayAsAgara ! samyak cAritra ke dhAraka he munipuMgava ! maiM janma maraNa rUpa duHkhoM se bhare hue kuyonirUpA samudra ke prAvoM meM DUba rahA huuN| kRpA kara Apa merA uddhAra kare / Apa mujhe saMsAra ke duHkhoM kI vinAzaka, karma kSaya karane vAlI daigambarI dIkSA pradAna kreN| jisase mai prAtma-sAdhanA dvArA svAtma-nidhi ko prApta kara sk| sudharma svAmI ne kahA-acchA maiM tujhe abhI dIkSita karatA huuN| yaha sunate hI jambUkumAra kA hRdaya kamala khila uThA, unhoMna guru ke sammukha apane zarIra se sabhI prAbhUSaNa utAra diye| kumAra ne apane mukuTa ke Age laTakane vAlI mAlA ko isa taraha dUra kiyA mAnoM unhoMne kAmadeva ke bANoM ko hI balapUrvaka dUra kiyA ho| unhoMne ratnamaya mukuTa ko bhI isa taraha utArA mAnoM unhoMne moha rUpa rAjA ko jIta liyA ho| pazcAt hAra Adi AbhUSaNoM aura ratnamaya a~gUThI ko bhI utAra diyA aura apane zarIra se vastroM ko isa taraha utArA mAnoM catura puruSa ne mAyA ke paTaloM ko hI pheka diyA ho / samasta vastrAbhUSaNoM kA parityAga kara jambUkumAra ne paMcamaThiyoM se kezoM kA loca kara ddaalaa| aura 'oM namaH' matra kA uccAraNa kara guru-prAjJA se aTThAIsa mUla guNoM ko dhAraNa kiyA'-paMcamahAvrata, paMcasamiti, pacedriyanirodha, chaha Avazyaka, kezaloMca, acelaka (nagna) prasnAna, bhUzayana, adaMtadhAvana, sthitibhojana-khar3e hokara AhAra lenA aura dina meM eka bAra bhojana ina 28 mUla guNoM kA pAlana karanA prArambha kiyaa| jambUkumAra ne yaha dIkSA lagabhaga 25-26 varSa kI avasthA meM grahaNa kI hogii| dIkSA ke pazcAt jamba kumAra ne Avazyaka kAryoM ke atirikta dhyAna aura adhyayana meM apanA upayoga lagAyA aura sudharmasvAmI ke pAsa samasta zruta kA adhyayana kiyA tathA anazanAdi antarvAhya donoM tapoM kA anuSThAna kiyaa| prAcArAGga ke anUsA ra mUnicaryA kA nidoSa pAlana karate hae sAmyabhAva ko prApta karane kA udyama kiyaa| kaSAya-viSa kA zoSaNa karate hue use itanA kamajora evaM azakta banA diyA, jisase vaha AtmadhyAnAdi meM bAdhaka na ho ske| ve muni jambUkumAra nispRha vRtti se muni dharma kA pAlana karate the| usameM pramAda nahIM Ane dete the; kyoMki pramAda karane vAlA sAdhu chedopasthApaka hotA hai| 1. paca mahavvagAi samidIno pacajiNavaruddiTThA / pacediyaroho chappiya AvAsayA loco|| accelaka mAhANaM vidimayaNamadaMtadhasaNaM ceva / Thidi bhoyaNeya bhattaM mUlaguNA aTThavIsA du|| -mUlAcAra 1, 2, 3 2. temu pamato samaNo chedovaTThAvago hodi / -pravacanasAra 3-4

Page #69
antima kevalI jambU svAmI mani avasthA meM eka dina jambUkumAra AhAra ke liye rAjagRha nagara meM gae, aura vahA~ jinadAsa seTha ne navadhA bhaktipUrvaka AhAra diyaa| nirdoSa pAhAra dene ke kAraNa seTha ke prAMgana meM dAnAtizaya se paMcAzcarya hue| pAhAra lekara munirAja upavana meM A gae, aura jJAna-dhyAna meM tatpara ho ge| indriya vikAroM ko jItane ke lie ve kabhI upavAsa rakhate, aura kabhI rasa kA parityAga karate the| jambUkumAra jitane sukumAra the, ve utane hI sahiSNa sAhasI. dhairyavAna aura vivekI the| unakI zAnta mudrA aura Atma-teja dekhakara sabhI Azcarya karate the| ve yathAjAta madA ke dhArI to the hI, sAtha hI mana-vacana aura kAya ko vaza meM karane ke lie gaptiyoM kA avalambana lete the| dhyAna aura adhyayana meM pravRtti hone ke kAraNa ve dvAdazAMga ke pAragAmI zrutakevalI ho gae aura sUdharmasvAmI kevalajJAnI ho ge| aba saba saMgha kA bhAra jambU svAmI vahana karane lge| bAraha varSa bAda sUdharma svAmI kA vipalAcala se nirvANa ho gayA aura jambU svAmI ko ghAni karma ke prabhAva se kevalajJAna prApta ho gyaa| jamba svAmI ne kevalI avasthA meM 38 varSa taka vividha dezoM aura nagaroM meM vihAra kara vIra zAsana kA pracAra va prasAra kiyaa| anta meM vipUlAcala se 75 varSa kI vaya meM zukla dhyAna dvArA karma kalaMka ko dagdha kara avinAzI pada prApta kiyaa| jambakumAra ke dIkSA lene ke bAda unake mAtA-pitA aura cAroM patniyoM ne bhI dIkSA lekara tapacaraNa kiyA, aura apane pariNAmAnusAra ucca gati prApta kii| vidyatacara ne bhI apane pAMca sau sAthiyoM ke sAtha caura karma kA parityAga kara digambara dIkSA le lI aura tapazcaraNa dvArA prAtma-zuddhi karane lge| ve muniyoM ke trayodaza prakAra ke cAritra ke dhAraka tathA pAMca samitiyoM meM pravatti karate the| tIna guptiyoM kA bhI pAlana karate the, isa taraha ve muni prAcArAGga (mUlAcAra) ke anusAra pravRtti karate hue apane zipyoM ke sAtha tAmralipta nagarI meM aae| ve nagara ke bAhara udyAna meM viraaje| usa samaya dina prasta ho rahA thA, taba durgA devI ne bhakti se vidyutacara se kahA ki yahAM pAMca dina taka merI pUjA hogI usameM raudra bhUta sampradAya Amantrita hai, vaha tumheM asahya upasarga kregaa| ataeva jaba taka yAtrA hai taba taka isa purI ko chor3akara anyatra cale jaaie| yaha kaha kara vaha calI gii| yativara vidyutacara ne muniyoM se kahA-acchA ho prApa loga isa sthAna ko chor3akara anyatra cale jaayN| taba unhoMne kahA-rAtri vyatIta ho jAya, taba hama cale jaaveNge| rAtri meM gamana karanA muniyoM ke liye varjita hai| upasarga se Darane vAloM ko kyA lAbha ho sakatA hai ? upasarga sahana karanA sAdhuoM ke lie zreyaskara hai| ataH sava sAdhu maunapUrvaka dhyAna meM sthita ho ge| rAtri meM bhayaMkara bhUtoM ne asahma upasarga kiyaa| bar3e-bar3e DAMsa maccharoM ko bAdhA huii| zagera ko kaSTa dene vAle ghora upasarga hae, jinheM sUnakara roMgaTe khar3e ho jAte haiN| aisA hone para ve saba sAdha sthira na raha sake aura dhyAna chor3akara divaMgata hue| kintu vidyutacara adIna mana se ghora upasarga sahate hue bhI bar3e dhairya ke sAtha meruvata svarUpa meM 1. vAraha vAmANi kevali vihAreNa vihariya lohajja bhaDArae riNabbUde sane jaMbU bhaDArao kevalaNANasaMtANaharo jaado| attIsavamsANi kevalivihAreNa vihariya jaMbU bhaDAgA pariNinvude saMte kevalaNANa saMtANamsa vocchedo jAdo bharaha khettammi / -(dhavalA pu0 6 pR0 130) 2. viulairi sihari kammaTThacattu, siddhAlaya sAsaya sokkhaM pattu / / -jaMbUsAmicariu 10-24 pR0 215 3. ghattA-aha savaraNasaMghasaMjuu pavaru, eyArasaMgadharu vijjucaru / viharaMtu taveNa virAiyau, puri tAmalitti saMpAiyau / / nayarAu niyaDe risisaMghe thakke, atthavaNaho Thukkae sUracakke / maha mAyA tAmakaMkAlidhAri, kaMcAyaNi nAmeM bhaddamAri / pAhAsai satriNaya divasapaMca, mahujatta havesai sappavaMca / AmaMtiyabhUyAvaliraudda, uvasaggu karesai tumha khudda / iya kajje aNNa hi kihima tAma, puri mella vi gacchahu jatta jAma / gaya ema kahe vi to jaivareNa, muriNa bhaNiya ema vijjuccareNa / / -jambU svAmI cariu pR0 216

Page #70
36 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 nizcala rahe aura anityAdi bhAvanAoM kA dRr3hatA se manana karate hue zarIra se bhinna nijAtma tattvakA, caitanya TaMkotkIrNa aura jJAna-darzana svabhAva vAle Atma tatva kA cintavana karate hue, zArIrika bAdhAoM kI ora dhyAna na dete hue, nirbhaya ho cAra prakAra kA sanyAsa dhAraNa kara vrata rUpI khaDga se moha zatru kA nAza kara ArAdhanA meM sthita rahe aura nirvANa prApta kiyA / " anya sAdhuoM ne bhI pariNAmAnusAra yathA yogya sthAna prApta kie / isase spaSTa hai ki tAmralipta nagarI vidyutacara kA nirvANa sthala hai aura unake sAthI sAdhunoM kA samAdhi sthala hai| aisI sthiti meM matharA jambU svAmI ora vidyuccara kA nirvANa sthala nahI sakatA / mathurA jambUsvAmI kA nirvANa sthala nahIM hai mathurA eka prasiddha aitihAsika sthAna hai| isa nagara me jaina, vaiSNava aura vauddhAdi bhAratIya dharmo kA prAcIna kAla se ghaniSTa sambandha rahA hai / yaha yaduvaMzI kRSNa kI lIlA bhUmi rahA hai / kuSANa kAla meM yahA~ kaI bauddha vihAra the / uttarApatha meM yaha jaina saMskRti kA pramukha kendra rahA hai| mahAvIrakAlIna janapadoM, pramukha rAjyoM aura rAjadhAniyoM meM isakI gaNanA rahI hai / dakSiNa ke jainAcAryoM ne dakSiNa mathurA se bheda prakaTa karane ke lie ise uttara mathurA nAma se ullekhita kiyA hai / nizItha cUrNI kI eka gAthA meM- "uttarAvahe dhammacakkaM mathurAe deva Nimmimo bhuubho|" vAkya meM mathurA ke deva nirmita stUpa kA ullekha kiyA hai / 23ve tIrthakara pArzvanAtha kA yahA~ vihAra huA aura unakI smRti meM ukta stUpa banavAyA gayA thaa| sambhavataH sAtavIM AThavI zatAbdI I0 pUrva usa devanirmita stUpa ko IMToM se Dhaka diyA gayA thaa| mathurA ke kaMkAlI TIle se jaina purAtattva kI mahatvapUrNa sAmagrI prApta huI hai| usameM aneka kalAkRtiyA~ mahtvapUrNa haiM / yahA~ digambara jainoM ke 514 stUpa rahe haiM, jinakA jIrNoddhAra sAhU karAyA thA, jo bAdazAha akabara kI TakasAla kA adhyakSa thA, aura kRSNAmagala caudharI kA maMtrI bhI thaa| usane dravya kharca karake saM0 1631 meM unakI pratiSThA pANDe rAjamalla se karavAI thii| ina saba kAraNoM se mathurA jaina saMskRti kA maulika sthAna rahA hai| para vaha kyA jambUsvAmI kA nirvANa sthAna thA ? usa para yahA~ vicAra kiyA jAtA hai-- maharAye prati vIraM pAsaM taheva vaMdAmi / jambu muNido vaMde NivvuI patto vi jambUvaNagahaNe // dazabhaktyAdi saMgraha meM prakAzita prAkRta nirvANa bhakti ke anantara kucha padya aura bhI diye hue haiM, jo prakSipta hai aura bAda ko usameM saMgrahIta kara liye gae haiN| unameM se ukta tRtIya padya meM mathurA aura prahikSetra meM bhagavAna mahAvIra aura pArzvanAtha kI vandanA karane ke pazcAt jambU nAma ke gahana vana meM antima kevalI jambU svAmI 1. tAmralipta purasyAsya samIpe paridhoraNam / tasthau pazcima digbhAge nakta pratimayA muni // eva sthite munau tatra rAtrau devatayA tayA / eSA dezotsargo'ya vihitaH krUracittayA / nAnA dezopasarga taM sahitvA merunizcala: / samAdhAnAnnirvANamagamadrutam // vidyuccara: - hariSeNa kathAkoza kathA 138 2. 'sAvaSTambhamaSTAnhI mathurAyAcakracaraNa paribhramayyArhatpratibimbAGkita meka stUpaM tatrA tiSThiyat / zrataevAdyApi tattIrthaM - upAsakAdhyayana pre0 63 devanirmitAkhyayA prathate /

Page #71
mathurA jambU svAmI kA nirvAraNa-sthala nahIM hai| 37 ke nirvANa kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai / parantu jambU vana kisa deza kA vana hai yaha padya para se kucha bhI phalita nahIM hotaa| mAlUma hotA hai, jambU svAmI ne jisa vana meM yA sthAna meM dhyAnAgni dvArA avaziSTa praghAti karmoM ko bhasma kara kRtakRtyatA prApta kI, sambhavataH usI vana ko jambU vana nAma se ullikhita karanA vivakSita rahA hai| para yaha vicAraNIya hai ki ukta sthAna kisa nagara yA grAma ke pAsa hai aura usakA mathurA se kyA sambandha hai ? isa sambandha meM koI mahattva ke pramANa upalabdha nahIM haiM jo mathurA ko siddhakSetra siddha kara sakeM / mathurA mathurA ke samIpa hI caurAsI nAma kA sthAna hai, jahA~ para eka vizAla jaina mandira banA huA hai| jise ke seTha manIrAma ne banavAyA thA, aura usameM isa samaya ajitanAtha tIrthakara kI gvAliyara meM pratiSThita manojJa mUrti parantu anveSaNa karane para bhI jambU virAjamAna hai / isI sthAna ko jambU svAmI kA nirvANa sthAna kahA jAtA svAmI ke caurAsI para nirvANa prApta karane kA koI prAmANika ullekha abhI taka mere dekhane meM nahIM AyA hai / mAlUma nahIM, isa kalpanA kA AdhAra kyA hai ? DA0 hIrAlAla jI ema0 e0 DI0 liT ne apanI pustaka 'jaina itihAsa kI pUrva pIThikA aura hamArA abhyutthAna' ke pR0 80 meM saMyukta prAnta kA paricaya karAte hue jambU svAmI kI nirvANa bhUmi ukta caurAsI sthAna para batalAI hai / unakI isa mAnyatA kA kAraNa bhI pracalita mAnyatA jAna par3atI hai kyoMki usameM kisI pramANa bizeSa kA ullekha nahIM hai / mathurA jainiyoM kA prasiddha aitihAsika sthAna hai / kaMkAlI TIle ke utkhanana meM jo mahatvapUrNa sAmagrI upalabdha huI hai, usase usakI mahattA kA spaSTa bodha hotA hai| isameM kisI ko vivAda nahIM hai kintu vaha jambU svAmI kA nirvANa kSetra hai yaha korI nirAdhAra kalpanA hai / dUsare vidyutacara aura unake sAthiyoM kA bhI devaloka prApti kA sthala nahIM haiN| kyoMki vidyutacara aura unake 500 sAthI muniyoM para hone vAle upasarga kA sthala tAmralipti batalAyA gayA hai, jo jaina saMskRti aura vyApAra kA mahatvapUrNa kendra thA / jaba tAmralipti nagarI samudra meM vilIna ho gaI taba nagarI ke vinAza ke sAtha jainiyoM kI sA~skRtika sampatti bhI vinaSTa ho gii| isa kAraNa unakI smRti ke liye mathurA ko cunA gayA ho, to koI Azcarya kI bAta nahIM / jambUsvAmI carita ke kartA kavi rAjamalla ( 1632) ne svayaM jambUsvAmI kA nirvANa vipulAcala se mAnA hai / vIra kavi (1076) ne bhI vipulAcala se hI unake nirvANa prApta karane kA ullekha kiyA hai / ina ullekhoM ke prakAza meM mathurA ko jambU svAmI kI nirvANa bhUmi nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / hA~, anya koI prAcIna pramANa upalabdha ho to usa para vicAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| zvetAmbara sampradAya meM mathurA jambU svAmI kA nirvANa kSetra mAnA jAtA hai /

Page #72

Page #73
dvitIya pariccheda 1. dvAdazAMga zruta aura zrutakevalI 2. viSNunandi 3. nandimitra 4. aparAjita 5. govarddhana 6. bhadra bAhu 7. saMgha-bheda 8. jaina saMgha-paricaya

Page #74

Page #75
dvAdazAMga zruta aura zrutakevalI zrutAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazaya hone para jo sunA jAya vaha zru ta hai| yaha zru tajJAna amRta ke samAna hitakArI hai. aura viSaya-vedanA se saMtapta prANi ke liye parama auSadhi hai, janma maraNa spa vyAdhi kA nAzaka tathA sampUrNa duHkhoM kA kSaya karane vAlA hai| jaisA ki prAcArya kundakunda ke darzana pAhuDa kI nimna gAthA se prakaTa hai : jiNa vayaNa mosahamiNaM visaya-suhaM viramaNaM amidabhUyaM / jara-maraNa-vAhi-haraNaM khayakaraNaM savvadukkhANaM // samasta dravya aura paryAyoM ke jAnane kI apekSA zrutajJAna aura kevalajJAna donoM samAna haiM, kintu unameM antara itanA hI hai ki kevalajJAna jJeyoM ko pratyakSa rUpa se jAnatA hai, aura zrutajJAna parokSa rUpa se jAnatA hai| jaisA ki gommaTamAra kI nimna gAthA se spaSTa hai : suda kevalaM ca NANaM doNa vi sarisANi hoti bohaado| sudaNANaM tu parokkhaM paccakkhaM kevalaM gANaM // gommaTasAra jIva kANDa gAthA 368 kevalajJAna aura syAdvAdamaya zrutajJAna samasta padArtho kA samAna rUpa se prakAzaka hai| donoM meM pratyakSa parokSa kA antara hai| vItarAga, sarvajJa, hitopadezI arhata tIrthakara ke mukhAravinda se sunA huA jJAna zrutajJAna kahalAtA hai| tIrthakara apane divya jJAna dvArA padArtho kA sAkSAtkAra karake vIjapadoM dvArA upadeza dete haiN| usa zruta ke do bheda haiM, dravyatha ta aura bhAvathata / gaNadhara una bIjapadoM kA aura unake artha kA avadhAraNa karake una vyAkhyAna karate hai / yahI dravya thu ta kahalAtA hai / prApta kI upadezarUpa dvAdazAMga vANI ko dravya zruta kahA jAtA hai / aura usase hone vAle jJAna ko bhAvazruta kahate hai| jisa taraha puruSa ke zarIra meM do hAtha, do paira, do jA~gha, do uru, eka pITha, eka udara, eka chAtI, aura eka mastaka ye bAraha aMga hote haiM, usI prakAra zruta- jJAna rUpa puruSa ke bhI bAraha aMga hai / dravya zruta ke do bheda hai, aMga praviSTa aura aMga vAhya / . aMga praviSTa zruta ke bAraha bheda haiM / 1. AcArAMga, 2. sUtrakRtAMga, 3. sthAnAMga 4. samavAyAMga, 5 vyAkhyA prajJapti, 6. jJAtR dharmakathA, 7. upAsakAdhyayanaoNga, 8. antaH kRtadazAMga, 6. anuttaropapAdika, 10. praznavyAkaraNAMga, 11. vipAkasUtrAga, aura 12. dRpttivaadaaNg| prAcArAMga-isameM aThAraha hajAra padoM ke dvArA muniyoM ke prAcAra kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / kadhaM care kadhaM ciTu kadhamAse kadhaM sye| kadhaM bhujejja bhAsejja kadhaM pAvaM Na bajjhaI / / 1. zratAvaraNakSayopazamAdyantaraGgavahiraGgamannidhAne sati zrUyate mmetizrutam (-tattvA0 vA. 1-6, 2 pR0 44 jJAnapITha saMskaraNa) 2. syAdvAdakevalajJAne sarvatattva prakAzane / bheda: sAkSAdasAkSAcca hyavastavanyatamaM bhavet / / -prApta mImAMsA 105

Page #76
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 javaMcare jadaM ciTU jadamAse jadaM sye| jadaM bhujejja bhAsejja evaM pAvaM Na bajjhaI ||(muulaa0 10-121) muniyoM ko kaise calanA cAhie, kaise khar3e honA aura baiThanA caahie| kase sonA cAhie, kaise bhojana karanA cAhie, aura kaise bAta-cIna karanA cAhiye, aura kaise pApa bandha nahI hotA hai ? isa taraha gaNa ghara ke praznAM ke anusAra sAdhu ko yatna se calanA cAhiye, yatna pUrvaka khar3e rahanA cAhie, yatna se baiThanA cAhiye, yatna pUrvaka zayana karanA cAhie, yatnapUrvaka bhojana karanA cAhie, aura yatna se sambhASaNa karanA caahiye| isa taraha yatna pUrvaka AcaraNa karane se pApa karma kA bandha nahIM hotA hai / isa aMga meM pAMca mahAvrata, pA~ca samiti, tona gupti, aura paMca prAcAroM Adi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| sUtrakRtAMga - chattIsa hajAra padoM ke dvArA jJAna vinaya, prajJApanA, kalpa, prakalpa, chedopasthApanA Adi vyavahAra dharma kI kriyAoM kA varNana karatA hai| sAtha hI svasiddhAnta aura para siddhAnta kA bhI kathana karatA hai| ___ sthAnAMga-vayAlIsa hajAra padoM dvArA eka me lekara uttarottara eka eka adhika sthAnoM kA nirUpaNa karatA hai| usakA udAharaNa-yaha jIva dravya apane caitanya dharma ko apekSA eka hai| jJAna aura darzana ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai / karmaphalacetanA, karma cetanA aura jJAna cetanA kI apekSA tIna prakAra kA hai| athavA utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya kI apekSA tIna bheda rUpa hai| cAra gatiyoM meM bhramaNa karane vAlA hone se cAra bheda vAlA hai| prodayika Adi pA~ca bhAvoM se yukta hone ke kAraNa pAMca bheda haiN| bhavAntara meM jAte samaya pUrva, pazcima, uttara, dakSiNa Upara aura nIce isa taraha chaha apa karma se yukta hone se cha: dizAoM meM gamana karane ke kAraNa chaha prakAra kA hai| asti, nAsti Adi sAta aMgoM se yukta hone ke kAraNa sAta bheda rUpa haiM / jJAnAvaraNAdi karmA ke prAstrava se yukta hone kI apekSA ATha prakAra kA hai| jIva ajIvAdi no padArtha rUpa pariNa mana hone ke kAraNa nau prakAra kA hai| pRthvIkAyika, jalakAyika, agnikAyika, vAyukAyika, pratyeka vanaspati kAyika, sAdhAraNa vanaspati kAyika, dvIndriya jAti, trIndriya jAti, caturindriya jAti tathA paMcendriya jAti ke bheda se dasa prakAra kA hai| cauthA samavAyAMga-eka lAkha causaTha hajAra padoM ke dvArA sampUrNa padArthoM ke samavAya kA varNana karatA hai| vaha samavAya cAra prakAra kA hai / dravya, kSetra kAla ora bhAva / dravya samavAya kI apekSA dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya lokAkAza aura eka jIva ke pradeza samAna hai| kSetra samavAya kI apekSA prathama naraka ke prathama paTala kA sImantakavila, manupya loka, prathama svarga ke prathama paTala kA RjuvimAna aura siddha kSetra ina sabakA vistAra samAna hai| kAla kI apekSA utsarpiNI avasarpiNI kAla samAna haiN| donoM kA pramANa dasa koDA koDi sAgara hai| bhAva kI apekSA kSAyika sabhyakva, kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana aura yathAkhyAta cAritra samAna haiN| isa prakAra samAnatA kI apekSA jIvAdi padArthoM ke samavAya kA kathana samavAyAMga meM kiyA gayA hai| pA~cavA vyAkhyA prajJapti aMga-do lAkha aTThAIsa hajAra padoM ke dvArA 'kyA jIva hai athavA nahI hai ityAdi rUpa meM sATha hajAra praznoM kA vyAkhyAna karatA hai| jJAtRdharmakayA nAma kA chaThA aMga pAMca lAkha chappana hajAra padoM ke dvArA tIrthakaroM kI dharma dezanA kA, sandeha ko prApti gaNadharadeva ke sandeha ko dUra karane kI vidhi kA nathA aneka prakAra kI kathA upakathAoM kA varNana karatA hai| sAtavA~ upAsakAdhyayanAMga-gyAraha lAkha sattara hajAra padoM ke dvArA thAbakoM ke prAcAra kA varNana karatA hai / antakRddazAMga nAma kA pAThavAM aga teIsa lAkha aTThAIsa hajAra padoM ke dvArA eka-eka tIrthakara ke tIrtha meM dAruNa upasargoM ko sahana kara nirvANa ko prApta hae dasa-dasa antakRta kaMvaliyoM kA kathana karatA hai| anuttaropapAdika dazA-nAma kA nauvAM aga vAnave lAkha cAlIsa hajAra padoM ke dvArA eka-eka tIrtha meM nAnA prakAra ke dAruNa upasargoM ko sahana kara virAjamAna pAMca anuttara vimAnoM meM janme hue dasa-dasa muniyoM kA varNana karatA hai| jaise vardhamAna tIrthakara ke tIrtha meM RpidAsa-dhanya- sunakSatra-kArtika-nanda-nandana- zAlibhadra 1. vijaya vaijayanta jayaMtAparAjitasarvArtha siddhAsyAni paMcAnuttarANi / tattvA0 vA0 pR0 51

Page #77
43 dvAdazAMga zruta aura zrutakevalI abhaya-vAriSeNa aura cilAta putra ina dazamuniyoM ne dAruNa upasargoM ko jItA hai aura anuttara vimAna meM utpanna hue| prazna vyAkaraNa-nAmaka dasavAM aMga tirAnave lAkha solaha hajAra padoM ke dvArA AkSepa-pratyAkSepa pUrvaka kapUrNa praznoM kA samAdhAna karatA hai / athavA prAkSepaNI vikSepaNI, saMvedanI aura nivedanI ina cAra kathAnoM kA varNana karatA hai| jo ekAnta dapTiyoM kA nirAkaraNa karake chaH dravya aura nau padArthoM kA nirUpaNa karatI hai use prAkSepaNI kathA kahate haiN| jisameM pahale para siddhAnta ke dvArA svamiddhAnta meM doSa batalAkara pIche para samaya kA khaNDana karake svasiddhAnta kI sthApanA kI jAtI hai use vikSepaNI kathA kahate haiN| pUNya ke phala kA varNana karane vAlI kathA ko saMvedanI kathA kahate haiN| pApa ke phala kA varNana karane vAlI kathA nivedanI kahalAtI hai| prazna vyAkaraNa aga prazna ke anusAra naSTa, cintA lAbha, alAbha, sukha, dukhaH, jIvita, maraNa, jaya, parAjaya kA bhI varNana karatA hai| vipAkasUtra-nAma kA gyArahavAM aMga eka karor3a caurAsI lAkha padoM dvArA pUNya-pApa rUpa vivAdoM kApracche bure karmoM ke paloM kA varNana karatA hai| ina samasta gyAraha aMgoM ke padoM kA jor3a cAra karor3a, pandraha lAkha do hajAra hai (41502000 hai / ) bArahavAM aMga dRSTi pravAda hai| isameM tIna sau maTha matoM kA-kriyAvAdiyoM, prakriyAvAdiyoM ajJAna dapTiyoM aura vanayika dRSTiyoM kA varNana aura nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| dapTivAda ke pAMca adhikAra haiMparikarma, sUtra, prathamAnuyoga, pUrva aura cUlikA / unameM se parikarma ke pA~ca bheda haiM-candraprajJapti, sUryaprajJapti, jambUdvIpa prajJapti, dvIpasamudraprApta, aura vyAkhyAprajJapti / candraprajJapti nAmaka parikarma chattIsa lAkha pA~ca hajAra padoM ke dvArA candramA kI prAyU, parivAra, Rddhi, gati aura candrabimba ko U~cAI Adi kA varNana karatA hai| sUryaprajJapti nAma kA parikarma pA~ca lAkha tIna hajAra padoM ke dvArA sUrya kI prAyu, bhoga, upabhoga, parivAra, Rddhi, gati, aura sUryabimba kI UMcAI, dina kI hAni vRddhi, kiraNoM kA pramANa aura prakAza Adi kA varNana karanA hai / jambUdvIpa prajJapti nAma kA parikama tIna lAkha paccIsa hajAra padoM ke dvArA jambUdvIpa kI bhogabhUmi aura karmabhUmi meM utpanna hue aneka prakAra ke manupya aura tiryaJcoM kA tathA parvata, hRda, nadI, vedikA, kSetra, AvAsa, akRtrima jinAlaya Adi kA varNana karatA hai| dvIpasamUdraprajJapti nAma kA parikarma vAvana lAkha chattIsa hajAra padoM ke dvArA uddhArapatya ke pramANa se dvIpa aura samudroM ke pramANa kA tathA dvIpa-sAgara ke antarbhUta anya aneka bAtoM kA varNana karatA hai| vyAkhyA prajJapti nAma kA parikama caurAsI lAkha chattIsa hajAra padoM ke dvArA pudgala dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla dravya kA tathA bhavya aura abhavya jIvoM kA varNana karatA hai| dapTivAda aga kA sUtra nAma kA arthAdhikAra aThAsI lAkha padoM ke dvArA jIva prabandhaka hai, avalepaka hai, akartA hai, abhoktA hai, nirgaNa hai, vyApaka hai, aNupramANa hai, nAsti svarUpa hai, astisvarUpa hai, pRthivI prAdi paMcabhatoM se jIva utpanna haA hai, cetanA rahita hai, jJAna ke binA bhI sacetana hai, nitya hI hai, anitya hI hai, ityAdirUpa se kriyAvAda, atriyAvAda ajJAnavAda, jJAnavAda aura vainayikavAda Adi tIna sau saTha matoM kA varNana pUrvapakSarUpa se karatA hai| prathamAnayoga-nAma kA tIsarA arthAdhikAra pAMca hajAra padoM ke dvArA caubIsa tIrthakara, vAraha cakrarvI, nau pratinArAyaNa ke purANoM kA tathA jinadeva vidyAdhara, cakravartI, cAraNaRddhidhArI muni aura rAjA Adi ke vaMzoM kA varNana karatA hai| calikA ke pAMca bheda haiM-jalagatA, thalagatA, mAyAgatA, rUpagatA, aura AkAzagatA / jalagatA calikA do karoDa nau lAkha navAsI hajAra do sau padoM ke dvArA jala meM gamana tathA jala stambhana ke kAraNa bhUta maMtra-taMtra tapazcaryA 1. anutarembopapAdikA anuttagaipapAdikA :-RpidAsa-dhanya-munakSatra-kArtika-nanda-nandana-zAlibhadraabhaya-vAriSeNa-cilAtaputra ityete daza vardhamAnatIrthakaratIrthe / evaM vRSabhAdInAM trayoviMzatestI vanye'nye ca daza dazAnagAga daza daza dAruNAnupasargAnijitya vijayAdyanuttareSUtpanna ityevamanuttarIpapAdikAH dazAsyA varNyanta ityanuttaropapAdika dshaa| -tattvA0 vA0 pR073

Page #78
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 prAdi kA varNana karatI hai| thalagatA cUlikA utane hI padoM ke dvArA pRthivI, ke bhItara se gamana karane ke kAraNabhUta maMtra-taMtra pora tapazcaryA kA tathA vastuvidyA aura bhUmi sambandhI anya zubhAzubha kAraNoM kA varNana karatI hai| mAyAgatA cUlikA utane hI padoM ke dvArA mAyArUpa indrajAla ke kAraNabhUta matratatra aura tapazcaraNa kA varNana karatI hai| rUpagatA cUlikA utane hI padoM ke dvArA siMha, ghor3A, hariNa Adi kA AkAra dhAraNa karane ke kAraNabhUta maMtra taMtra tapazcaraNa Adi kA varNana karatI hai| tathA usameM citrakarma, kApThakarma, lepyakarma Adi kA bhI varNana rahatA hai| AkAzagatA calikA utane hI padoM ke dvArA AkAza meM gamana karane ke kAraNabhUta maMtra tatra tapazcaraNa Adi kA varNana karatI hai| ina pAMcoM calikAoM ke padoM kA jor3a dasa karor3a, unacAsa lAkha chayAlIsa hajAra hai| pUrva nAmaka arthAdhikAra ke caudaha bheda haiM-utpAdapUrva, agrAyaNIpUrva, vIryAnupravAda, astinAstipravAda, jJAnapravAda, satyapravAda, AtmapravAda, karmapravAda, pratyAkhyAnanAmadheya, vidyAnupravAda, kalyANanAmadheya, prANAvAya, kriyAvizAla aura lokvindusaar| utpAdapUrva eka karor3a padoM ke dvArA jIva, kAla pudgala Adi dravyoM ke utpAda, vyaya, aura dhrovya kA varNana karatA hai / agrAyaNIpUrva chayAnave lAkha padoM ke dvArA sAta sau sunaya aura durnayoM kA tathA chaha dravya, nau padArtha aura pAMca astikAyoM kA varNana karatA hai| vIryAnupravAda nAma kA pUrva-sattara lAkha padoM ke dvArA prAtma vIrya, paravIrya ubhayavIrya, kSetravIrya, kAlavIrya, bhavavIrya tapavIrya kA varNana karatA hai / asti nAstipravAdapUrva-sATha lAkha padoM ke dvArA svarUpa catuSTaya kI apekSA saba dravyoM ke astitva kA varNana karatA hai| jaise svadravya, svakSetra, svakAla, aura svabhAva kI apekSA jIva kathaMcit satsvarUpa hai| paradravya, parakSetra, parakAla aura parabhAva kI apekSA jIva kathaMcit nAsti svarUpa hai / svacatuSTaya aura paracatuSTaya kI eka sAtha vivakSA hone para jIva kathaMcit avaktavya svarUpa hai| svadravyAdicatuSTaya aura paradravyAdicatuSTaya kI krama se vivakSA hone para jova kathaMcit asti nAstirUpa hai| isI taraha anya ajIvAdi kA bhI kathana kara lenA caahiye| jJAna pravAdapUrva-eka kama eka karor3a padoM ke dvArA matijJAna Adi pAMca jJAnoM kA tathA kumati jJAna prAdi tIna ajJAnoM kA varNana karatA haiM / satyapravAda nAma kA pUrva eka karor3a chaha padoM ke dvArA dasa prakAra ke satya vacana aneka prakAra ke asatya vacana, aura bAraha prakAra kI bhASAoM Adi kA varNana karatA hai| prAtmapravAdapUrva chavvIsa karor3a padoM ke dvArA jIva-viSayaka durnayoM kA nirAkaraNa karake jIva dravya kI siddhi karatA hai-jIva hai, utpAda vyaya-dhrauvya rUpa trilakSaNa se yukta hai, zarIra ke barAbara hai, sva-para prakAzaka hai, sUkSma hai, amUrta hai, vyavahAranaya karmaphala kA aura nizcayanaya se apane svarUpa kA bhoktA hai, vyavahAranaya se zubhAzubhakarmo kA aura nizcayanaya se apane caitanya bhAvoM kA kartA hai / anAdikAla se bandhanabaddha hai, jJAna-darzana lakSaNa vAlA hai, Urdhva gamana svabhAva hai, ityAdi rUpa me jIva kA varNana karatA hai| kucha prAcAryo kA mata hai ki prAtmapravAdapUrva saba dravyoM ke AtmA arthAt svarUpa kA kathana karatA hai| karma pravAdapUrva-eka karor3a assI lAkha padoM ke dvArA AThoM karmoM kA varNana karatA hai / pratyAkhyAnapUrva caurAsI lAkha padoM ke dvArA pratyAkhyAna arthAt sAvadya vastu tyAga kA, upavAsa kI vidhi aura usakI bhAvanA rUpa pA~casamiti tIna gupti Adi kA varNana karatA hai| vidyAnupravAda pUrva eka karor3a dazalAkha padoM ke dvArA sAta sau alpa vidyAoM kA, pA~ca sau mahAvidyAoM kA aura una vidyAnoM kI sAdhaka vidhi kA aura unake phala kA evaM AkAza, bhauma, aMga, svara svapna, lakSaNa, vyaMjana, cihna ina ATha mahAnimittoM kA varNana karatA hai| kalyANavAda pUrva chavvIsa karor3a padoM ke dvArA sUrya, candramA, graha nakSatra aura tArAgaNoM ke cAra kSetra, upapAda sthAna, gati, viparIta gati aura unake phaloM kA tathA tIrthaGkara, baladeva, vAsadeva aura cakravartI Adi ke garbhAvatAra Adi kalyANakoM kA varNana karatA hai| prANAvAya pUrva teraha karor3a padoM ke dvArA aSTAMga Ayurveda, bhUtikarma (zarIra Adi kI rakSA ke liye kiye gae bhasmalepana, sUtrabandhana Adi karma) jAMguli prathama (viSavidyA) aura svAsocchvAsa ke bhedoM kA vistAra se varNana karatA hai| kriyAvizAla pUrva nau karor3a padoM ke dvArA vahattara kalAoM kA, strI sambandhI cauMsaTha guNoM kA, zilpakalA kA, kAvya-sambandhI guNa-doSa kA aura chandazAstra kA varNana karatA hai / loka bindusAra pUrva bAraha karor3a pacAsa lAkha

Page #79
dvAdazAMga sUtra aura zrutakevalI 45 padoM ke dvArA pATha prakAra ke vyavahAroM kA, cAra prakAra ke bIjoM kA, mokSa ko le jAne vAlI kriyA kA aura mokSa ke sukhoM kA varNana karatA hai| maGga bAhyazruta aMgabAhya zrutajJAna ke caudaha bheda haiM-sAmAyika, caturvizatistava, vandanA, pratikramaNa, vainayika, kRtikarma, dazavakAlika, uttarAdhyayana, kalpa vyavahAra, kalpyAkalpya, mahAkalpya, puNDarIka, mahApuNDarIka aura niSiddhikA / sAmAyika nAma kA aGga bAhya, nAma, sthApanA, dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ina chaha bhedoM ke dvArA samatAbhAva ke vidhAna kA varNana karatA hai / caturvizatistava-usa kAla sambandhI caubIsa tIrthakaroM kI vandanA kA vidhAna aura usake phala kA varNana karatA hai / vandanA nAma kA aGgabAhya eka-tIrthakara aura usa eka tIrthakara ke jinAlaya sambandhI vandanA kA nirdopa rUpa se varNana karatA hai| jisake dvArA pramAda se lage hue doSoM kA nirAkaraNa kiyA jAtA hai use pratikramaNa kahate haiN| vaha devasika, rAtrika, pAkSika, cAturmAsika, sAMvatsarika, IryApathika aura prottamAthika ke bheda se sAta prakAra kA hai| pratikramaNa nAma kA aGga bAhya duSamAdikAla aura chaha saMhananoM meM se kisI eka saMhanana se yukta sthira tathA asthira svabhAva vAle puruSoM kA Azraya lekara ina sAta prakAra ke pratikramaNoM kA varNana karatA hai| vainayika nAmaka aMga bAhya jJAnavinaya, darzanavinaya, cAritravinaya, tapa vinaya aura upacAra vinaya ina pAMca prakAra vinayoM kA varNana karatA hai| kRtikarma-nAmaka aMga bAhya, arahaMta, siddha, prAcArya upAdhyAya aura sAdhu kI pUjA vidhi kA kathana karatA hai| daza vaikAlika anaga sAdhanoM ke prAcAra aura bhikSATana kA varNana karatA hai| uttarAdhyayana cAra prakAra ke upasarga aura bAIsa parISahoM ke sahane ke vidhAna kA aura unake sahana karane ke phala kA tathA isa prazna kA yaha uttara hotA hai isakA varNana karatA hai| RSiyoM ke karane yogya jo vyavahAra haiM unake svalita ho jAne para jo prAyazcitta hotA hai una sabakA varNana kalpa vyavahAra karatA hai / sAdhuoM ke aura asAdhuoM ke jo vyavahAra karane yogya haiM aura jo vyavahAra karane yogya nahI haiM-prakaraNIya haiN| una saba kA dravya kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kA Azraya lekara kalppAkalpya kathana karatA hai| dIkSA grahaNa, zikSA, Atma saMskAra, sallekhanA aura uttama sthApanA rUpa ArAdhanA ko prApta hue sAdhanoM ke jo karane yogya hai, usakA dravya kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kA Azraya lekara mahAkalpya kathana karatA hai| pUNDarIka aga bAhya bhavanavAsI, vyantara, jyotiSka, kalpavAsI, aura vaimAnika sambandhI deva, indra, sAmAnika, Adi meM utpatti ke kAraNa bhUta dAna, pUjA, zIla, tapa, upavAsa, samyaktva aura akAma nirjarA kA tathA unake upapAda sthAna aura bhavanoM kA varNana karatA hai / mahApuNDarIka unhI bhavanavAso Adi devoM aura deviyoM meM utpatti ke kAraNabhUta tapa aura upavAsa Adi kA varNana karatA hai / nipiddhikA-aneka prakAra kI prAyazcitta vidhi kA varNana karatA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke mokSa jAne ke bAda tIna anubaddha kevalI aura pAMca zruta kevalI hue haiN| inameM bhadra bAha antima tha ta kevalI the| usa samaya taka yaha aMgathata apane mUlarUpa meM calA pAyA hai| isake pazcAt buddhi bala aura dhAraNA zakti ke kSINa hote jAne me tathA aMga zrata ko pustakArUr3ha kiye jAne kI paripATI na hone se kramazaH vaha vicchinna hotA gayA / isa iraha eka ora jahA~ aga thuna kA abhAva hotA jA rahA thA, vahA~ dUsarI ora zruta paramparA ko avacchinna banAye rakhane ke liye aura usakA sIdhA sambandha bhagavAna mahAvIra kI vANI se banAye rakhane ke lie bhI prayatna hote rahe haiM / aMga thu ta ke bAda dUsarA sthAna aMga bAhya zrata ko milatA hai| inake bhedoM kA saMkSipta paricaya pahale likha Aye haiN|

Page #80
pAMca zruta kevalI 1. viSNunandi (prathama zruta kevalI) jambUsvAmI ne kevalI hone se pahale viSNunandi Adi prAcAryo ko dvAdazAMga kA vyAkhyAna kiyA / aura kevalI hokara aDatIma varSa paryanta jina zAsana kA udyota kiyaa| antima kevalI jamba svAmI ke para sakala siddhAnta ke jJAtA viSNu prAcArya hue| jo caturdaza pUrvadhArI aura prathama zru ta kevalI the / tapa ke anuSThAna se jinakA zarIra kRza ho gayA thaa| aora krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobhAdi cAroM kapAe~ jinakI upasamita ho gaI thii| jo jJAna-dhyAna aura tapa meM niSTha rahate hue bhI magha kA nirvahana karate the| Apa meM saMgha ke saMcAlana kI apUrva zakti thI / Apake tapa aura teja kA prabhAva bhI usameM sahAyaka thA / ApakI nirmalatA aura saumyatAdi guNa spardhA kI vastu the| sAdhanoM ke nigraha-anugraha meM pravINa, kaThora tapasvI the / maghastha muniyoM para prApakA prabhAva unhe apane kartavya se vicalita nahIM hone detA thaa| ApakI prazAnta mudrA aura haMsa mukha sAdhu saMgha para apanA prabhAva akita kiye hue thaa| pApane vIsa varSa taka vibhinna dezoM meM sasagha vihAra kara dharmopadeza dvArA jagata kA kalyANa kiyaa| aura anta meM nandimitra ko dvAdazAgatha ta aura sagha kA sava bhAra samarpaNa kara deva loka prApta kiyaa| 2. nandimitra-(dvitIya zruta kevalI) ___mahAmuni nandimitra kaThora napazcaraNa dvArA Atma-sAdhanA meM saMlagna rahate the| dhyAna aura adhyayana donoM kAryoM meM apanA samaya vyatIta karate the| ve samAgata upasarga aura pariSahoM se nahI ghabarAte the| pratyuta apane prAtmadhyAna meM atyanta salagna ho jAte the| saMgha meM ve apane saumyAdi guNoM ke kAraNa mahattA ko prApta the| prAcArya viSNunandi ke divagata hone se pUrva dvAdazAMga kA vyAkhyAna nandimitra ko kiyA thA aura saMgha kA kUla bhAra Apako saupa diyA thaa| nandimitra caturdaza pUrvadhara zru takevalI hue| Apane 20 varSa taka saMgha sahita vividha dezo tathA nagaroM meM vihAra kara vIra zAsana kA pracAra kiyaa| aura janatA ko dharmopadeza dvArA kalyANa kA mArga prazasta kiyA / anta meM Apane apanA sagha bhAra aparAjitAcArya ko mauMpakara deva loka prApta kiyaa| 3. prAcArya aparAjita (tRtIya zruta kevalI) AcArya aparAjita ne tapazcaraNa dvArA jo Atma-zodhana kiyA, usase kapAyamala kA upazama ho gyaa| aApakI saumya prakRti aura miSTa sabhApaNa saMgha meM apanI khAsavizepatA, rakhatA thA / dhyAna, adhyayana aura adhyApana hI Apa ke sambala the| yadyapi Apa garIra me durbala the, kintu prAtmavala bar3hA huA thaa| ve paMca prAcAroM kA svayaM AcaraNa karate the, aura anya mAdhuno me karAte the| nigraha aura anugraha meM catura the / nandimitrAcArya ne devaloka prApta karane se pUrva hI magha kA sava bhAra aparAjita ko saupa diyA thaa| pazcAt ve divaMgata hue| prAcArya aparAjina vAda karane meM atyanta nipuNa the, koI uname vijaya nahI pA sakatA thaa| ataeva ve sArthaka nAma ke dhAraka the| aura dvAdazAMga ke vettA thu na kevalI the / magha kA saba bhAra vahana karate hue unhoMne sagha sahita vividha dezoM, nagaroM, aura grAmoM meM vihAra kara dharmopadeza dvArA janatA kA kalyANa aura vIra zAsana ke pracAra eva prasAra meM apanA pUrNa sahayoga pradAna kiyA / anta meM Apane apanA saba sagha bhAra govarddhanAcArya ko saupa kara divagata hue| 4. govarddhanAcArya (caturdaza pUrvadhara) caturthazrutakevalI yaha aparAjita zrutakevalI ke zipya the| antarvAhya granthi ke parityAgI, mahAtapasvI aura caturdaza pUrvadhara, tathA aSTAMga mahA nimitta ke vettA the| ve eka samaya sasaMgha vihAra karate hue Urjayantagiri yA revataka parvata ke 1. viSNu prAgyo mayala mitino uvamamiya caukasAyo NadimittAigyiAsa samippaya duvAlasago devaloa gdo| -jaya dhavalA pu0 1 pR0 85

Page #81
pAMca zrutakevalI bhagavAna neminAtha jinakI stuti vaMdanAdi kara vihAra karate hue devakoTTa nagara meM aae| jo poDravardhana deza meM sthita thaa| vahAM unhoMne mArga meM kucha bAlakoM ko goliyoM se khelate hue dekhA, una bAlakoM meM eka bAlaka tejasvI aura prakhara buddhi kA thA / usane eka ke Upara eka isa taraha caudaha goliyAM car3hA dI, use dekha AcArya zrI ne nimitta jJAna se jAna liyA ki yahI bAlaka caturdaza pUrvadhara ( antima zrutakevalI ) hogaa| unhoMne usakA nAma aura pitA kA nAmAdi pUchA, bAlaka ne apanA nAma bhadrabAhu aura pitA kA nAma somazarmA batalAyA / AcArya zrI ne pUchA, vatsa, tuma hameM apane pitA ke ghara le jA sakate ho, vaha bAlaka tatkAla unheM apane ghara le gayA / somazarmA ne AcArya mahArAja ko dekhakara vinaya se namaskAra kara uccAsana para baitthaayaa| prAcArya zrI ne kahA ki tuma apane isa putra ko mujhe vidyA par3hAne ke lie de diijie| soma zarmA ne unakI bAta svIkAra kara bAlaka kA AcArya zrI ke sAtha bheja diyA | govarddhanAcArya ne bhadrabAhu ko aneka vidyAeM sikhaaii| aura use nipuNa vidvAna banA diyaa| aura kahA ki aba tuma vidvAna ho gae ho| apane mAtA-pitA ke pAsa jAo / bhadrabAhu apane pitA ke pAsa gayA, use vidvAna dekhakara ve harSita hue| bhadrabAhu unako AjJA lekara punaH saMgha meM A gyaa| ora guru mahArAja se vaigambarI dAkSA grahaNa kara tapazcaraNa karanA prArambha kiyA / AcArya zrI ne bhadrabAhu ko dvAdazAMga kA vettA zrutakevalI banA diyA / aura saMgha kA saba bhAra bhadrabAhu ko sauMpa diyA / govarddhanAcArya ne svayaM grAtma-sAdhanA karate hue anta meM samAdhi pUrvaka devaloka prApta kiyA / bhadrabAhu zrutavalI ke svargavAsa ke pazcAt bharatakSetra meM zrutajJAna rUpa pUrNacandra astamita ho gayA / kintu usa samaya gyAraha aMgoM aura vidyAnuvAda paryanta dRSTivAda aMga ke bhI dhAraka vizAkhAcArya hue| unake bAda kAladoSa se Age ke cAra pUrvo ke dhAraka bhI vyucchinna ho gae / 47 prastuta vizAkhAcArya pracAra Adi gyAraha aMgoM ke aura utpAdapUrvAdi daza pUrvo ke dhAraka hue| tathA pratyAkhyAna prANavAya, kriyAvizAla aura lokabindusAra ina cAra pUrvo ke eka deza dhAraka hue / inhA ko adhyakSatA bAraha hajAra muniyoM kA saMgha bhadrabAhu ke nirdeza se pANyAdi deza kI ora gayA thaa| aura bAraha varSa bAda durbhikSa kI samApti ke bAda punaH vApisa A gayA thA / 5. bhadrabAhu paMcama zrutakevalI antima kevalI jambU svAmI ke nirvANa ke bAda digambara- zvetAmbara donoM hI sampradAyoM kI gurvAvaliyAM bhinna-bhinna ho jAtI hai / kintu zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke samaya ve gaMgA-yamunA ke samAna punaH mila jAtI haiN| tathA bhadrabAhu zrutavalI ke svargavAsa ke pazcAt jaina paramparA sthAyI rUpa se do vibhinna zrotoM meM pravAhita hone lagatI hai / ataeva bhadrabAhu nakevalI donoM hI paramparAoM meM mAnya haiM / 1 govardhanazcata mAvA caturdazapUrviggAm / nirmalIkRtasarvAzo jJAnacandrakarotkarai / / 6 Urjayanta giri nemi stotukAmo mahAtapA: / viharan vari prApa koTInagara muddazvajam / 10 bhadrabAhukumAra ca sa dRSTavA nagare puna: / upa kurvANa tAzcaturdazavaTTakAn / / 11 pUrvoktapUrvaNA madhye paJcamaH zrutakevalI | samamnapUrvadhArI ca hariSeNa kathA0 pR0 317 2 nAnAvidha tanaH kRtvA govardhana guru stadA / suraloka jagAmAzu devIgIta manoharam // 22 gaNabhAjanaH / / 12 / / hariSeNa kathA0 pR0 317 1 vara visAhAriyo takkAle AyAgadIga mekkArasamhamagAraNamuppAyapuvvAINa dasahaM puvANa ca paccakkhANapANavAya - kiriyA vizAla logabidusAra puvvAragamegademANa ca dhAramro jAdo / jayadhavanA pu0 10 85

Page #82
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 bhadrabAharagrimaH samagrabuddhisampadA, su zabda siddhazAsanaM suzabda-bandha-sundaram / ikha-vRtta-siddhirannabaddha karmabhittapo, vRddhi-vadhina-prakItiruddadhe mahadhika : / / yo bhadrabAhu zrutakevalInA munIzvarANAmiha pazcimo'pi / apazcimo'bhUdviduSAM vinetA, sarvazrutArthapratipAdanena // zravaNa belagola zilA0 108 paNDavardhana deza meM devakoTa nAma kA eka nagara thA. jisakA prAcIna nAma 'koTipara' thaa| isa nagara meM moma zarmA nAma kA eka brAhmaNa rahatA thaa| usakI patnI kA nAma somazrI thA, usase bhadrabAhu kA janma huA thaa| vAlaka svabhAva se hI honahAra aura kuzAgrabuddhi thaa| usakA kSayopazama aura dhAraNA zakti prabala thii| prAkRti saumya aura sandara thii| vANI madhara aura spaSTa thii| eka dina vaha bAlaka nagara ke bAhara anya bAlakoM ke sAtha gaMToM (goliyoM) me khela rahA thaa| khelate-khelate usane caudaha goliyoM ko eka para eka paMktibaddha khar3A kara diyaa| Urjayantagiri (giranAra) ke bhagavAna neminAtha kI yAtrA se vApisa Ate hae caturtha zratakevalI govardhana svAmI saMgha sahita koTi grAma phuNce| unhoMne bAlaka bhadrabAhu ko dekhakara jAna liyA ki yahI bAlaka thor3e dinoM meM antima zrutakevalI aura ghora tapazvI hogaa| ataH unhoMne usa bAlaka se pUchA ki tumhArA kyA nAma hai, aura tuma kisake putra ho| taba bhadrabAhu ne kahA ki maiM somazarmA kA putra huuN| aura merA nAma bhadrabAhu hai| prAcArya zrI ne kahA, kyA tuma calakara apane pitA kA ghara batalA sakate ho? bAlaka tatkAla prAcArya tho ko apane pitA ke ghara le gyaa| prAcAryazrI ko dekhakara soma zarmA ne bhakti pUrvaka unakI vandanA kii| aura baiThane ke lie uccAsana diyaa| prAcArya zrI ne soma zarmA se kahA ki Apa apanA bAlaka hamAre sAtha par3hane ke lie bheja dIjie / soma zarmA ne prAcAryazrI se nivedana kiyA ki bAlaka ko Apa khuzI se le jaaie| aura pddhaaie| mAtA-pitA kI prAjJA se prAcAryazrI ne bAlaka ko apane saMrakSaNa meM le liyaa| aura use sarva vidyAyeM pddhaaii| kucha hI vargoM meM bhadrabAha saba vidyAnoM meM nipNAta ho gyaa| taba govarddhanAcArya ne use apane mAtA-pitA ke pAsa bheja diyaa| mAtA-pitA ume sarva vidyA sampanna dekhakara atyanta hapita he| bhadrabAha ne mAtA-pitA se dIkSA lene kI anumati mAgI, aura vaha mAtA-pitA kI AjJA lekara apane guru ke pAma vApisa A gyaa| niSNAta buddhi bhadrabAhuM ne mahA vairAgya sampanna hokara yathA samaya jina dIkSA le lii| aura digambara sAdhu banakara Atma-mAdhanA meM tatpara ho gyaa| ___ eka dina yogI bhadravAhu prAta kAla kAyotsarga meM lIna the ki bhaktivaza deva asura aura manuSyoM se pajita he| govarddhanAcArya ne unheM apane paTTa para pratiSThita kara, saMgha kA saba bhAra bhadrabAhu ko saupa kara niHzalya ho ge| aura kucha samaya bAda govarddhana svAmI kA svargavAsa ho gyaa| guru ke svargavAsa ke pazcAt bhadrabAhu siddhi sampanna muni pugava hue / kaThora tapasvI aura prAtma-dhyAnI hue| aura magha kA saba bhAra vahana karane meM nipuNa the| ve caturdaza pUrvadhara aura apTAga mahAnimitta ke pAragAmI zrutakevalI the| apane sagha ke sAtha unhoMne aneka dezoM meM vihAra dharmopadeza dvArA janatA kA mahAn kalyANa kiyaa| bhadrabAha zratavalI yatra-tatra dezoM meM apane vizAla saMgha ke sAtha vihAra karate hae ujjaina padhAre, aura siprA nadI ke kinAre upavana me Tahare / vahA samrATa candragupta maurya ne unakI vandanA kI, jo usa samaya prAtIya upa rAjadhAnI meM ThaharA huA thA ! eka dina bhadrabAhu AhAra ke lie nagarI meM ge| ve eka makAna ke prAgana meM praviSTha hue| jisameM koI manuSya nahI thA; kintu pAlanA meM jhUlate hue eka bAlaka ne kahA, mune ! tuma yahA se zIghra cale jAo, cale jaano| taba bhadrabAha ne apane nimittajJAna se jAnA ki yahA bAraha varSa kA bhArI dubhikSa par3ane vAlA hai| bAraha varSa taka varSA na hone se annAdi utpanna na hoge| aura dhana-dhAnya se samRddha yaha deza zUnya ho jAegA paura bhUkha ke kAraNa manuSya-manuSya ko khA jaaegaa| yaha deza rAjA, manuSya aura taskarAdi se vihIna ho jaaegaa| aisA jAnakara pAhAra lie binA lauTa pAe aura jina madira meM prAkara Avazyaka kriyAeM sampanna kii| paura apa

Page #83
YE pAMca zruta kevalI rANha kAla meM samasta saMgha meM ghoSaNA kI ki yahA~ bAraha varSa kA ghora dubhikSa hone vAlA hai| prataH saba saMgha ko samudra ke samIpa dakSiNa deza meM jAnA caahie| samrAT candragupta ne rAtri meM sote hue solaha svapna dekhe / vaha prAcArya bhadravAhu se unakA phala pUchane paura dharmopadeza sunane ke liye unake pAsa AyA aura unheM namaskAra kara unase dharmopadeza sunA, apane svapnoM kA phala pchaa| taba unhoMne batalAyA ki tumhAre svapnoM kA phala aniSTa saMsUcaka hai| yahA~ bAraha varSa kA ghora durbhikSa par3ane vAlA hai, usase jana-dhana kI bar3I hAni hogii| candragupta ne yaha sunakara aura putra ko rAjya dekara bhadrabAhu se jina-dIkSA le lo' / jaisA ki tiloyapaNNatI ko nimna gAthA se spaSTa hai - mauDadharesu carimo jiNadikkha dharadi candragutto ya / tatto mauDadharA padhvajaM va geNhati / / --tilo0pa04-1481 bhadrabAha vahA~ se samaMgha calakara zravaNabelagola taka aaye| bhadrabAha ne kahA-merA AyuSya alpa hai, ataH maiM yahIM raheMgA, aura saMgha ko nirdeza diyA ki vaha vizAkhAcArya ke netRtva meM Age calA jaaye| bhadrabAha zratakevalI hone ke sAtha aSTAMga mahAnimitta ke bhI pAragAmA the, unheM dakSiNa deza meM jainadharma ke pracAra kI bAta jJAta thI, tabhI unhoMne bAraha hajAra sAdhuoM ke vizAla saMgha ko dakSiNa kI ora jAne kI anumati dii| bhadrabAha ne saba saMgha ko dakSiNa ke pANDayAdi dezoM kI ora bhejA, kyoMki unheM vizvAsa thA ki vahAM jaina sAdhuoM ke prAcAra kA pUrNa nirvAha ho jaaygaa| usa samaya dakSiNa bhArata meM janadharma pahale se pracalita thaa| yadi jainadharma kA prasAra vahA~ na hotA, to itane bar3e saMgha kA nirvAha vahA~ kisI taraha bhI nahIM ho sakatA thaa| isase spaSTa hai ki vahA~ jainadharma pracalita thA / laMkA meM bhI IsavI pUrva caturtha zatAbdI meM jainadharma kA praca sAdhanoM ne bhI vahA~ jainadharma kA pracAra kiyaa| tamila pradeza ke prAcInatama zilAlekha madurA aura rAmanADa jile se prApta hae haiM jo azoka ke stambhoM meM utkIrNa lipi meM hai| unakA kAla I0 pUrva tIsarI zatAbdI kA anta aura dUsarI zatAbdI kA prArabha mAnA gayA hai| unakA sAvadhAnI se avalokana karane para 'pallI', 'madurAI' jaise kucha tamila zabda pahacAnane meM Ate haiM / usa para vidvAnoM ke do mata haiN| prathama ke anusAra una zilAlekhoM ko bhApA tamila hai, jo apane prAcInatama avikasita rUpoM meM pAI jAtI hai| aura dUsare mata ke anusAra unakI bhASA paMzAcI prAkRta hai jo pANDya deza meM pracalita thii| jina sthAnoM se ukta zilA lekha prApta hue hai, unake nisTa jaina mandiroM ke bhagnAvazepa aura jaina tIrthakaroM kI mUrtiyA~ pAI jAtI haiM, jina para sarpa kA phaNa yA tIna chatra aMkita haiM / 2 bauddha grantha' mahAvaMza kI racanA laMkA ke rAjA dhaMtumeNu (461-476 I.) ke samaya huI thii| usameM 543 I0 pUrva se lekara 301 I0 ke kAla kA varNana hai| 430 I0 pUrva ke lagabhaga pANDugAbhaya rAjA ke rAjyakAla meM anurAdhApura meM rAjadhAnI parivartita huI thii| mahAvaMza meM isa nagara kI aneka naI imAratoM kA varNana hai| unameM se eka imArata nigranthoM ke liye thI, usakA nAma giri thA aura usameM vahata se nirgrantha rahate the| rAjA ne nirgranthoM ke liye eka mandira bhI vanavAyA thaa| isase spaSTa hai ki laMkA meM IsA pUrva 5vIM zatI ke lagabhaga jainadharma kA praveza hA hogaa| 1. bhadrabAhuvacaH zratvA candragupto narazvaraH / amyaiva yoginaH pAzva dadhau jainezvara tapaH / / candragupta muniH zIghra prathamo dazapUviNAm / sarvasaMghAdhipo jAno visapAcArya saMjJakaH ||-hrissenn kathAkoza 131 (ka) - rimo mauDa dharImo raNaravaiNA cndrguttnnaamaae| pacamahavvayagahiyA arvAra rikvA (ya) vocchiNNA // zrutamkandha bra0 hemacandra (kha)-tadIyazipyo'jani candraguptaH samagrazIlAnatadevavRddhaH / viveza yastIvratapaH prabhAva-prabhUta-kIrti banAntarANi // - zravaNavelagola zi0 1 pR0 210 2. sTaDIja ina mAutha iNDiyana jainijma pR0 32 Adi 3. dekheM, jainijma ina sAutha iNDiyA, 10 31

Page #84
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 __ bhadrabAhu aura candragupta vahI raha ge| candragiri parvata ke zilAlekha se jJAta hotA hai ki candragupta kA dIkSA nAma 'prabhAcandra' thA, ve bhadrabAha ke sAtha kaTavA para Thahara gae, aura unhoMne vahI samAdhimaraNa kiyaa| bhadrabAha kI samAdhi kA bhagavatI ArAdhanA kI nimna gAthA meM ullekha hai promodariye ghorAe bhahabAhaya sNkilittrmdii| ghorAe tigicchAe paDivaNNo uttamaM ThANaM / / 1544 isa gAthA me batalAyA gayA hai ki bhadrabAhu ne avamodarya dvArA nyUna bhojana kI ghora vedanA sahakara uttamArtha kI prApti kI / candragupta ne apane guru kI khUba sevA kI / bhadrabAhu ke divagata hone ke bAda zrutakevalI kA prabhAva ho gayA', kyoMki ve antima zrutakebalI the| ___ digambara parampaga meM bhadrabAhu ke janmAdi kA paricaya hariSeNa kathAkoSa, zrIcandra kathAkoSa aura bhadrabAhu carita prAdi meM milatA hai; aura bhadrabAhu ke bAda unakI ziSya paramparA aga-pUrvAdi ke pAThiyoM ke sAtha calatI hai, jisakA paricaya Age diyA jaaygaa| zvetAmbara paramparA meM kalpamUtra, AvazyakasUtra, nandisUtra, RSimaMDalasUtra aura hemacandra ke pariziSTa parva meM bhadrabAhu kI jAnakArI milatI hai / kalpasUtra kI sthavirAvalI meM unake cAra ziSyoM kA ullekha milatA hai| para ve cAroM hI svargavAsI ho ge| ataeva bhadrabAhu kI zipya paramparA Age na bar3ha skii| kintu ukta paramparA bhadrabAha ke gurubhAI sabhUti vijaya ke ziSya sthUlabhadra se Age bddh'ii| vahA~ sthalabhadra ko antima zratakevalI mAnA gayA hai / mahAvIra ke nirvANa se 170veM varSa meM bhadrabAhu kA svargavAsa huA hai aura sthUlabhadra kA svargavAsa vIra nirvANa saM0 157 se 257 taka arthAt IsvI pUrva 270 meM yA usake kucha pUrva huaa| digambara paramparA meM bhadrabAhu kA paTTakAla 26 varSa mAnA jAtA hai / jabaki zvetAmbara paramparA meM paTTakAla 14 varSa batalAyA hai| tathA vyavahAra mUtra, chedasUtrAdi grantha bhadrabAhu zrutakevalI dvArA racita kahe jAte hai| digambara paramparA ke anusAra bhadrabAhu kA svargavAsa vIra ni0 savat ke 162ve varSa arthAta 365 I0 pUrva mAnA jAtA hai| digambara paramparA meM bhadrabAhu thunakevalI dvArA racita sAhitya nahI miltaa| isameM pATha varSa kA antara vicAraNIya hai| vIra nirvANa ke bAda kI zrata paramparA tiloyapaNNattI meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke bAda ke itihAsa kI bahuta sAmagrI milatI hai, usameM se yahA~ zruta paraMparA dI jA rahI hai| jisa dina bhagavAna mahAvIra ne mukti pada prApta kiyA, usI dina gautama gaNadhara ko paramajJAna (kevalajJAna) prApta hayA / indrabhUti ke siddha hone para mudharma svAmI kevalI hue| unake kRta karmoM kA nAza kara cukane para jambU svAmI kevalI he| unake bAda koI anubaddha kevalI nahI huaa| ina tInoM kA dharma pravartanakAla vAsaTha varSa hai| kevalajJAniyoM meM antima zrIdhara hae, jo kuNDalagiri se mukta hae aura cAraNa RSiyoM meM antima supAvacandra hue| prajJA zramaNoM meM antima vaira jasa yA vajrayaza, aura avadhijJAniyoM meM antima zruta, vinaya evaM suzIlAdi se sampanna zrI nAmaka RSi hue / mukuTadhara rAjAoM meM antima candragupta ne jina dIkSA dhAraNa kI / isake bAda mukuTadharoM meM kisI ne pravrajyA yA dIkSA dhAraNa nahIM kii| nandi, nandimitra, aparAjita, govarddhana aura bhadrabAhu ye pAMca zranakevalI dvAdaza aMgoM ke dhAraNa karanevAle hue| inakA ekatra kAla sau varSa hai| paMcama kAla meM inake bAda meM koI zrutakevalI nahIM huaa| bhadravAhu zrutakevalI ke jIvana ke antima samaya ke nirdeza se vizAkhAcArya saghastha sAdhuoM ko dakSiNApatha kI ora le gaye / aura bhadrabAha ne svayaM bhI nava dIkSita candragupta muni ke sAtha kaTavapra giri para samAdhi dhAraNa kii| -jayadha0 pu0 1 pR0 85 1. tado bhadrabAhu maggagate sayala mudaNANamsa vocchedo jaado| 2. marvapUrvadharo'thAsItsthUlabhadro mahAmuniH / nyavezi cAcAryapade zrImatA bhadrabAhunA / / 111 // -pariziSTa parva, sarga 6, pR060

Page #85
saghabheda prastuta vizAkhAcArya zrAcArAMgAdi gyAraha aMgoM ke tathA utpAda pUrva Adi daza pUrvo ke jJAtA aura pratyAkhyAna pUrva prANavAya, triyAvizAla aura lokabindusAra ina cAra pUrvo ke ekadeza dhAraka hue / inhI vizAkhAcArya ke pradeza va nirdeza me bAraha hajAra muniyoM ne dakSiNa deza meM vIra zAsana kA pracAra prasAra karate meM vihAra kiyA aura apanI sAdhucaryA kA nirdoSa rUpa se anuSThAna kiyA / hue pAMDya dezoM vizAkhAcArya, propTilla, kSatriya, jaya mena, nAga sena, siddhArtha, dhRtimena, vijaya, buddhilla, gagadeva aura sudharma (dharmasena) ye gyAraha AcArya dazapUrva ke dhArI hue / paramparA se prApta ina sabakA kAla 183 varSa hai / dharmasena ke svarga vAsI hone para pUrvo kA viccheda ho gyaa| kintu itanI vizeSatA hai ki nakSatra, jayapAla, pANDa, dhruvasena aura kaMsa ye pAca AcArya gyAraha aga aura caudaha pUrvo ke ekadezadhAraka hue| inakA ekatra parimANa 220 varSa hai / merI rAya meM yaha kAla adhika jAna par3atA hai| ekAdaza agadhArI kamAcArya ke divagata ho jAne para bharatakSetra kA koI bhI AcAryaM gyAraha agadhArI nahI rahA / kintu usa kAla meM puruSa paramparA krama se subhadra, yazobhadra, yazobAhu aura lohArya ye cAra AcArya AcArAMga ke dhArI aura zepa grega pUrvo ke ekadeza dhAraka hue | " saMgha-bheda bhagavAna mahAvIra ke saMgha kI avicchinna paramparA bhadrabAhu zrutakevalI ke samaya taka rhii| isameM kisI ko bhI vivAda nahI hai / kintu digambara zvetAmbara paTTAvaliyA~ jambU svAmI ke samaya se bhinna bhinna milatI haiM / yadyapi farara sampradAya meM zruta paramparA 683 varSa taka avicchinna dhArA meM pravAhita rahI hai / astu zruta kevalI bhadrabAhu apane jIvana ke antima samaya meM jaba ve samagha ujjainI meM padhAre aura siprAnadI ke kinAre upavana meM Thahare, usa samaya unheM vahA~ varSAdi ke na hone se dvAdazavarSIya bhISaNa durbhikSa ke paDane kA nizcaya huaa| taba bhadrabAhu ke nirdezAnusAra sagha dakSiNa ke cola pANDyAdi dezoM kI ora gayA / candragupta ne bhI 16 svapna deve, jinakA phala unhoMne bhadrabAhu se pUchA, una svapnoM kA phala bho zubha nahI thA / kra eva candragupta maurya bhadravAhu se dIkSA lekara unhI ke sAtha dakSiNa kI ora vihAra kara ge| isa durbhikSa kA ullekha zvetAmbara paramparA bhI karatI hai aura sAdhu sagha ke samudra ke samIpa jAkara bikhara jAne kI bAta bhI svIkRta karatI hai / bhadrabAhu sagha ke sAtha 1 51 2 3. 4. grA vimAhAriyoM vAle prAyArAdINa mekkArasahamagAgamupayapUvvANa damanha puvvANa paccakavAraNa pANavAya kiriyA visAla lo vindusAra pRthvArA maMgademANa ca dhArI jAdA ( jaya dhavalA pu0 15085 ) paDhamI subhagAmI jamabhaTTo taha ya hAdi jasavAha | turimoya lohagAmo de grAvAra agadhaga // memekakaramagANa covAraNamedagadharA / ekkamaya aTThArasavAsajUda tAraNa parimAga / / te adIdesu tadA AcAradharA ga hoti bharahammi / godamaNipadI vAgANa chammadAriga temIdI // - nilo0 4 gAthA 1460 me 1482 dhammanaNebhayavanaM sagga gadaM bhArahavAme damaNDa puvvANa bocchedo jaado| gavari gAkvattAiriyo jamapAlA pAr3a baselo kamAiyo cedi pacajaragI jahAkamerA ekvAramagadhAriNo codamaNha puNvAraName gademadhAriNAM jAdA / desi vAlo vImuttara vi madavAsametA 220 / ja gha0 pu0 1 0 83 ekkArasagadhArae kamAirie sagga gade ettha bharavale te gAtthi koivi ekkAramagadhAraya / dekho vahI pR0 86 jayadha0 pu0 1 pR0 86

Page #86
52 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 dakSiNa ko ora calate calate jaba ve kalavappU yA kaTavapra giri para pahuMce, taba unheM apanI Ayu ke anta samaya kA AbhAsa huA, taba unhoMne sagha ko vizAkhAcArya ke netRtva meM Age jAne kA nirdeza kiyA, aura ve vahIM raha ge| candragupta bhI unhIM ke sAtha rhaa| bhadrabAhu ne samAdhi le lI aura usI parvata kI guphA meM samabhAvoM se divaMgata hue| ne jinakA dIkSA nAma prabhAcandra lekha meM ullikhita hai. unhoMne bhadravAha ko vaiyAvatya kI, aura unake nirdezAnusAra hI saba kArya sampanna kiye| kintu jo sAdhu thAvakoM ke anurodhavaza uttara bhArata meM hI raha gae the, unheM dubhikSa kI bhIpaNaparisthitivaza vastrAdi ko svIkAra karanA par3A, aura muni-prAcAra ke viruddha pravRtti karanI pdd'ii| yaha zithila pravatti hI Age jAkara saMghabheda meM sahAyaka hotI haI zvetAmbara sagha kI utpatti kA kAraNa bnii| jaba bAraha varSa kA dubhikSa samApta huA aura loka meM subhikSa ho gayA, taba jo sagha dakSiNa kI ora gayA thA, vaha vizAkhAcArya ke sAtha dakSiNApatha se madhyadeza meM lauTakara paayaa| zvetAmbara paramparA ke anusAra bhadrabAha usa samaya nepAla kI tarAI meM the, aura vaha 12 varSa kI tapasyA vizeSa meM nirata the / mahAprANa nAmaka dhyAna meM salagna the| sAdha sagha ne unheM paTanA bulAyA, kintu ve nahI Aye, jisase unheM saMgha bAhya karane ko dhamakI dI gaI aura kisI taraha unheM par3hAne ke liye rAjI kara liyA gayA / sthUlabhadra ne unhIM se pUrvo kA jJAna prApta kiyaa| yadi zvetAmbara sampradAya ke isa kathana ko satya mAna liyA jAya to bhI zvetAmbara sampradAya ko apano paramparA sthUlabhadra se mAnanI hogii| dUsare bhadrabAhu kA paTanA vAcanA meM sammilita na honA, ye donoM bAteM usa samaya jaina sagha meM kisI bar3e bhArI visphoTa kI ora sakata karatI hai| aura bhadrabAha ke vAcanA meM zAmila na hone se vaha samasta jaina sagha ko na hokara ekAntika kahI jaaygii| vaha prAcAra-vicAra zaithilya vAle una kucha sAdhanoM kI hogii| ata: use akhila jaina sagha kA pratinidhitva prApta nahI ho sktaa| yahA~ yaha bhI vicAraNIya hai ki jaba bhadrabAha ke kAla meM prathama vAcanA paTanA meM huI, taba usI samaya zrRta ko pustakArUr3ha kara sarakSita kyoM nahIM kiyA gayA ? ghaTanARma se jJAta hotA hai ki usa samaya AcAra-vicAra gaMthilya vAle sagha ke bhItara bar3A mata-bheda rahA hogaa| eka dala kahatA hogA ki saMgha-bheda kI sthiti meM aga sAhitya meM parivartana ipTa nahI hai| yadi usa samaya zvetAmbara aga sAhitya saMkalita kara pustakArUr3ha kiyA jAtA to sabhava hai usakA vartamAna rUpa kucha aura hI hotaa| dakSiNa se jaba sagha lauTa kara AyA, taba unhoMne yahA~ raha jAne vAle sAdhunoM ke zithilAcAra ko dekha kara bahuta duHkha vyakta kiyA, unheM samajhAyA aura kahA ki Apa logoM ko durbhikSa kI paristhitivaza jA viparIta pAcaraNa karanA par3A, ava usakA parityAga kara dIjiye aura prAyazcitta lekara vIra zAsana ke prAcAra kA yathArtha rUpa meM pAlana kIjiye, jimane jaina zramaNoM kI mahattA barAvara banI rhe| kintu prAcAra aura vicAra zaithilya vAle una sAdhanoM ne ise svIkAra nahI kiyA; kyoMki madhyama mArga meM jo mukha-suvidhA unheM 12 varSa taka durbhikSa ke samaya milI, vaha unheM kaThora mArga kA AcaraNa karane me kaise mila sakatI thii| dUsare usa samaya deza meM bauddhoM ke madhyama mArga kA pracAra evaM prasAra ho rahA thA-ve vastra-pAtrAdi ke sAtha bauddha dharma kA anumaraNa kara rahe the| usakA prabhAva bhI una para par3A hogA aisA lagatA hai| prAcAra aura vaicArika zithilatA ne unheM madhyama mArga meM rahane ke lie vAdhya kiyaa| yadi unheM vastra-pAtrAdi rakhane kA kadAgraha na hotA, to ve prAyazcitta lekara apane pUrvavartI muni dharma para ArUr3ha ho jAte / para gaithilya pravatti ke saMyojaka sthalabhadra jaise sAdha usa mArga ko kaise svIkAra kara sakate the? ye donoM hI sAdhana saMgha-bheda-paramparA ke janaka hai| prAcAra zaithilya ne sAdhuoM ko vastra aura pAtra Adi rakhane ke liye vivaza kiyA aura vicAra zaithilya ne apane anukala saiddhAntika vicAroM meM krAnti lAne meM sahayoga diyaa| ve use puSTa karane ke lie Thosa AdhAra Dha r3hane kA prayatna karane lage, kyoMki zithilAcAra ko puSTa karane ke lie unheM usakI mahatI prAvazyakatA thii| isIlie unhoMne khUba soca-vicAra ke sAtha bauddhoM ke anusaraNa para pATaliputra (paTanA) 1. dekho, pariziSTa parva sarga loka 72 se 110 1086 2. sacela dala ke bhItara tIvra madabheda kI bAta prajJAcakSa paM0 mukhalAla jI bhI svIkAra karate haiN| mathurA ke bAda valabhI meM punaH zruta saMskAra huA, jisameM sthavira yA sacela dala kA rahA mahA matabheda bhI nAma zeSa ho gayA / -tattvArtha sUtra prastAvanA pR030

Page #87
sagha-bheda 53 mathurA aura valabhI meM vAcanAe kraaii| jisakA uddezya AgamoM dvArA vastra aura pAtra ko puSTa karanA rahA hai / zvetAmbarIya vartamAna Agama tRtIya vAcanA kA phala hai, jo valabhI meM vIrAt 680 (san 453 I0) meM devarddhigaNi kSamAzramaNa kI adhyakSatA meM huI, aura usame vicchinna hone se avaziSTa rahe truTita atruTita, bhraSTa parivartita aura parivaddhi tathA svamati se kalpita zrAgamo ko apanI icchAnusAra pustakArUDha kiyA gyaa| ye vAcanAe bauddha paramparA kI saMgItiyoM kA anukaraNa karatI hai / pustakArUr3ha kiye jAna vAla zrAgama sAhitya me vastra aura pAtra rakhane ke jagaha-jagaha ullekha pAye jAte hai / sacala paramparA kI sthiti kA kAyama karane ke lie ye saba ullekha sahAyaka eva puSTikAraka hai / iname madhyama mArga kI sthiti ko bala milA hai| tIrthakaro kI dIkSA meM bhI indra dvArA 'devadRSya' vastra dene kI kalpanA kI gaI hai, aura AdinAtha tathA antima tIrthakara kA dharma acelaka batalAte hue bhI deva dUvya vastra ko kadhe para laTakAne kI kalpanA gar3hI gaI hai aura zeSa 22 tIrthakaro kA dharma sacela aura acala batalAyA gayA hai / cArAga sUtra kI TIkA me AcArya zIlAka ne apanI ora se pracalatA ko jinakalpa kA aura sacelatA ko sthavira kalpa kA AdhAra batalAyA hai| cunAca zvetAmbarIya AcArAMga me yahA taka vikAra A gayA hai ki vahA~ piNDa epaNA sAtha pAtra epaNA aura vastra epaNA ko bhI jor3A gayA hai, jisase yaha sApha dhvanita hotA hai ki mUla nirgrantha AcAra me dvAdaza varSIya durbhikSa ke kaI zatAbdI bAda vastra aura pAtra epaNA kI kalpanA kara unheM epaNA samiti ke svarUpa me jor3a diyA hai| gaNadhara indrabhRti racita AcArAga me inakA honA sambhava nahI hai| mUla AcArAga ko racanA ina saba kalpanAo se pUrva kI hai, jisame yathAjAtamudrA kA varNana thA / pArzvanAtha kI paramparA ko sacela batalAne ke lie kezI-gotama savAda kI kalpanA kI gaI hai aura use mahAvIra tIthaMkara kAla ke 16vaM varSa me batalAyA hai| yahA~ yaha vicArane kI bAta hai ki nirgrantha tIrthakara mahAvIra apane zAsana ke viruddha vastrAdi kI kalpanA ko apane gaNadhara dvArA kaise mAnya kara sakate the ? phira usa samaya ke sAdhutroM ko nagna rahane kI kyA zrAvazyakatA thI aura usa samaya sAdhana ko vastrAdi rahita nirgrantha dIkSA kyoM dI jAtI rahI / itanA hI nahIM kintu savastra mukti, strI mukti prara kevalabhukti Adi kI mAnyatA sUcaka kathana bhI likhe gye| Ara 16ve tIrthakara mallinAtha ko strI tIrthakara banalAyA gayA / 'malli' zabda ke sAtha nAtha zabda kA prayoga bhI kiyA jAtA hai, jo ucita pratIta nahI hotA / astu, aparivartanIya hI hote hai / yaha bAta sunizcita hai ki mUla siddhAntoM meM koI parivartana nahI hotA - nagnatA cUMki mUlabhUta siddhAMta hai, ataH usame parivartana sambhava nahIM / itanA hI nahI kintu vizeSAvazyaka ke kartA jinadAsa gaNi kSamAzramaNa ne to jinakalpa ke uccheda kI bhI ghoSaNA kara dii| ye saba bAta vastrAdi kI kaTTaratA kI sUcaka hai, aura magha-bheda kI khAI ko caur3A karane vAlI hai / 1 jaisA ki samaya sundaragaraNa ke samAcArI zataka se spaSTa hai - ' zrIdarvAddha gaNi kSamAzramaraNena zrIvIrAt zrazItyadhika nava kavarge jAtena dvAdazavarSIyadubhikSavazAt bahutaramAdhuvyApatyau ca jAtAyA bhaviSyad bhavyalokopakArAya zruta bhakta ca zrImaghAgrahAn mRtAvaziSTatAkAlIna sarvasAdhUna valabhyAmAkArya muntakhAd vicchinnAvaziSTAn nyUnAdhikAn truTitA- truTitAn zrAgamAlokAn anukrameNa svamatyA sakalayya pustakArUDhAn kRtA / tato mUlato gaNadhara bhASitAnAmapi tatsakalanAnantara sarveSAmapi zrAgamAn kartA zrIdevadharaNa kSamAzramaNa eva jAta / " - samayasundara gariNa racita sAmAcArI zata ke 2 Acalakko dhammo purimamsa ya pacchimamsa jiragamsa / majjhimagANa jiNANa hoi sacelo acelo ya // pacAzaka 3 maraNaparamohi-pulAe, AhAraya khavaga uvasame kappe // sajatiya kevali sijjharaNA ya jabummi bucchiNNA // - vizeSAvazyaka bhASya 2563 isa ghoSaNA ke sambandha me pa0 becaradAsa jI ne likhA hai - "gAthA me likhA hai ki jambU ke samaya me dasa bAte viccheda ho gaI / isa prakAra kA ullekha to vahI kara sakatA hai jo jambUgvAmI ke bAda huA ho| yaha vAna mai vicAraka pAThakoM se pUchatA hU~ ki jambU svAmI ke bAda kauna-sA 25vA tIrthaMkara huA hai jisakA vacana rUpa yaha ullekha ullekha hamAre kulaguruo ne pavitra tIrthaMkaro ke nAma para caDhA diye hai|" mAnA jAya ? yaha eka nahI kintu aise samyAbaddha -- jaina sA0 vi0 thavA thayelI hAni pR0 103

Page #88
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 yahA~ eka bAta avazya vicAraNIya hai aura vaha yaha ki mahAvIra kI bIja pada rUpa vANI ko indrabhUti gautama dvAdazAMga sUtroM meM grathita kiyaa| aura usakA vyAkhyAna unhoMne sudharma svAmI ko kiyA, jo samAna buddhi ke dhAraka the / dvAdazAMga kI yaha racanA bha0 mahAvIra ke jIvana kAla meM aura usake bAda gaNadhara aura sAdhu paramparA meM kaNThastha rahI, usa samaya unameM vastra pAtrAdi popaka koI sUtra yA vAkya nahIM the| kyoMki mahAvIra kI paramparA ke sabhI ziSya - praziSyAdi antarbAhya parigraha ke tyAgI nagna digambara the / ve saba usI yathAjAta mudrA meM vihAra karate the / mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke pazcAt jaba indrabhUti kevala jJAnI hue taba unhoMne usa saba virAsata ko sudharma svAmI ko sauMpA, jo yathAjAta mudrA ke dhAraka the / indrabhUti ke nirvANa ke bAda sudharma svAmI kevalI hue / unhoMne vIra zAsana kI usa virAsata yA dharohara ko jambUsvAmI ko sauMpA, jo digambara mudrA ke dhAraka the| aura jambU svAmI ke kevalI aura nirvANa hone para vaha virAsata 5 zrutake valiyoM meM rahI / tathA unhoMne anya zrAcAryoM ko dvAdazAMga kI prarUpaNA kI / cAra zrutake valiyoM taka vaha virAsata avicchinna rahI - usa samaya meM koI bhedajanaka ghaTanA na ghttii| kintu antima zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke samaya dvAdazavarSIya bhISaNa durbhikSa ke kAraNa paristhitivaza uttara bhArata meM rahane vAle sAdhutroM ko mUla paramparA ke viruddha AcaraNa karanA par3A, usase unheM moha ho gayA, vaha unheM sukhakara pratIta huI, isalie subhikSa hone para bhI unhoMne chor3anA na cAhA / jinhoMne chor3a diyA unhoMne prAyazcitta lekara pUrva zramaNa paramparA ko apanA liyA, ve sAdhu avazya dhanyavAda ke pAtra haiM / kiMtu adhikAMza sAdhuoM ne AcAra-vicAra kI zithilatA ko jo madhyama mArga kI janaka thI, apanA liyA, aura kadAgrahavaza use chor3anA na caahaa| unhIM ke AcAra-vicAra kI zithilatA se saMgha bheda panapatA huA saMgharSa kA kAraNa bnaa| isa taraha mahAvIra kA nirmala zAsana do bhedoM meM vibhAjita huA / usake bAda sAdhu paramparA meM barAbara zithilatA bar3hatI hI rahI aura Aja usakI bhISaNatA pahale se bhI adhika bar3ha gayI hai / digambara zvetAmbara saMgha meM bhI aneka saMgha gaNa-gacchAdi ke kAraNa aneka saMgha banate-bigar3ate rahe / Aja bhI ina donoM sampradAyoM meM saMgha-gaNa- gacchAdi kI vibhinnatA kaTutA kA kAraNa banI huI hai / aura usake kAraNa sampradAyoM meM vAtsalya kA bhI abhAva ho gayA hai / apane-apane saMgha ke vibhinna gaNa- gacchAdi meM bhI vaisA vAtsalya dRSTigocara nahIM hotA / isameM kalikAla ke svabhAva ke sAtha kaluSAzaya vAle vyaktiyoM kA sadbhAva bhI eka kAraNa hai / jainaseDa - paricaya 4 indranandi ke zrutAvatArAnusAra puNDravardhana puravAsI prAcArya ahaMvalI pratyeka pAMca varSo ke anta meM sau yojana meM basane vAle muniyoM ko yuga pratikramaNa ke lie bulAte the| eka samaya unhoMne aise pratikramaNa ke avasara para samAgata muniyoM se pUchA- kyA saba A ge| muniyoM ne uttara diyA- hAM, hama saba apane saMgha ke sAtha A gye| isa uttara ko sunakara unheM lagA ki jainadharma va gaNa pakSapAta ke sAtha hI raha sakegA / ataH unhoMne saMghoM kI racanA kii| jo muni guphA se Aye the unameM se kisI ko 'nandi' nAma diyA, aura unako 'vIra' jo azokavATa se Aye the / unameM se kucha ko 'aparAjita' aura kucha ko 'deva' nAma diyaa| jo paMcastUpa nivAsa the unameM se kucha ko 'mena' nAma diyA aura kucha ko 'bhdr'| jo zAlmali vRkSa mUla se Aye the, unameM se kinhIM ko 'guNadhara' aura kinhIM ko 'gupta' / jo khaNDakesaravRkSa ke mUla se Aye the unameM se kucha ko 'siMha' nAma diyA aura kinhIM ko 'candra' / indranandi ne apane isa kathana kI puSTi meM eka prAcIna gAthA bhI uddhRta kI hai : "AyAto nandivIrau prakaTagiriguhAvAsato'zokavATAvAzcAnyo'parAdijita iti yatayo sena- bhadrAhvayau ca / paJcastUpyAtsaguptau guNadharavRSabhaH zAlmalIvRkSamUlAt, niryAtau sicandra prathitaguNagaNau kesarAtkhaNDapUrvAt / / 66 zrAcArya devasena ne darzanasAra meM zvetAmbara, yApanIya, dravir3a, kASThA saMgha, aura mAthura saMgha ina pAMcoM saMghoM ko jainAbhAsa batalAyA hai / 1. dekho, indrananda zrunAvatAra zloka 61 se 65 taka 2. darzanasAra

Page #89
sagha-bheda 55 bhaTTAraka indranandi ne apane nItisAra me ahaMbalI AcArya dvArA sagha nirmANa kA ullekha kiyA hai| una magho ke nAma siha, sagha, nandi sagha, sena magha aura deva sagha batalAye hai| aura yaha bhI likhA hai ki inameM kAI bheda nahI hai| isame bhI nimna magho ko jainAbhAsa batalAyA hai| unako sakhyA pAca hai-gopucchika, zvatAmbara, dravir3a, yApanIya aura ni: piccha / indranandi ne kahI bhI kApThAsagha ko jainAbhAsa nahI btlaayaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra kA sagha, jo unake samaya aura unake bAda nirgrantha mahAzramaNa saMgha ke rUpa meM prasiddha thA, bhadrabAha zratakevalI ke samaya dakSiNa bhArata meM gayA thaa| vaha nigrantha mahAzramaNa saMgha hI thaa| vaha nigraMntha saMgha hI bAda me mUla sagha ke nAma se loka me prasiddha huaa| isI mahAzramaNa saMgha kA dUsarA bheda zvetAmbara mahAzramaNa saMgha ke nAma se khyAta huaa| kacha samaya bAda yahI nirgrantha mUla saMgha vicAra-bheda ke kAraNa aneka atabhedo meM vibhakta ho gyaa| yApanIya sagha, karcakasagha, draviDasagha, kASThAsagha ora mAthurasaMgha Adi ke nAmAne vibhakta hotA gayA, para gaNa-gaccha bheda bhI aneka hote gye| kintu mala sagha ina viSama paristhitiyA me bhI apane astitva kA kAyama rakhate hae, prora rAjyAdi ke sarakSaNa ke abhAva me, tathA zaivAdi mato ke aAkramaNa Adi ke samaya bhI apana astitva ke rakhana ma samartha rahA hai| antarbhada kevala nigrantha mahAzramaNa saMgha me hI nahI hue kintu zvetapaTa mahAzramaNa saMgha bhI apane aneka antarbhadA meM vibhakta hanA vidyamAna hai| vIra zAsana sagha ke dA bhedo me vibhakta hone ke samaya jo sthiti bano vaha apane mantabhaidA ke kAraNa aura bhI durbala ho gayA, kintu apanI mUla sthiti ko kAyama rakhane meM samartha rahA / mUlasaMgha mala sagha kaba kAyama hayA aura use kisane kahA~ pratiSThita kiyA, isakA koI prAmANika ullekha nahI milaa| arhadabali dvArA sthApita sagho meM malamaMgha kA koI ullekha nahIM miltaa| siha, nandi, mena ora deva ina sagho ko kisI ne jainAbhAsa nahI btlaayaa| ye sagha malamava ke hI antargata hai| isa kAraNa ye malamagha nAma se ullekhita kiye gaye hai| malasagha kA sabase prathama ullekha 'noNa magala' ke dAna patra meM pAyA jAtA hai, jo jaina zi0sa0 bhA0210 60-61 me mudrita hai / yaha zaka ma0347 (vi0 sa0 482) mana 425 ke lagabhaga kA hai| jise vijayakoti ke liye uranara ke jina mandiro ko koNi varmA ne pradAna kiyA thaa| dUsarA ullekha pAlnama (kolhApura) meM mile zaka sa0 411 (vi0ma0 516) ke dAna patra meM milatA hai, jisameM malamagha kAkopala AmnAya ke mihanandi muni ko alaktaka nagara ke jaina mandira ke lie kucha grAma dAna me diye hai| dAnadAtA the pulakezI prathama ke sAmanta maamiyaar| inhone jaina madiro kI pratiSThA karAI thI, aura gagarAjA mAdhava dvitIya tathA pravinIta ne kucha aura grAmAdi koNDakundAnvaya kA ullakha vadana guppe ke lekha na0 54 bhA0 4 pR0 28 me pAyA jAtA hai| jo zaka sa0 730 san 808 kA hai aura uttaravartI aneka lakho me milatA hai| kauNDakundAnvaya kA ullekha markarA ke tAmrapatra meM pAyA jAtA hai, jisakA samaya zaka sa0 388 hai, para use sandeha kI koTi ma ginA jAtA hai| isameM koNDakundAnvaya ke sAtha dezIyagaNa kA ullakha milatA hai| kundakunda kA vAstavika nAma padmanandi thaa| kintu koNDakunda sthAna se sambaddha hAna ke kAraNa va kundakunda ke nAma se prasiddha hue| ____zilAlekha sagraha ke dUsare bhAga meM prakAzita 60 aura 64 nambara ke lekho meM mUlasagha ke vIradeva aura candranandi nAmaka do AcAryoM ke nAma ullikhita hai| mUlasagha meM aneka bahuzruta tAkikaziromaNi yogIza vidvAna AcArya hue hai jinhone vIra zAsana ko loka meM cmkaayaa| unameM kucha nAma pramukha hai-kundakunda, umAsvAti (gRddhapicchAcArya) balAkapiccha, samantabhadra, devana pAtrakesarI, sumatideva, zrIdatta, akalaka deva, ora vidyAnanda aadi| 1 nItisAra zloka 6-7, tattvAnuzAsanAdi sagraha pR0 58 2 dekho, jaina lekha sa0 bhAga 2, 50 55 aura 60

Page #90
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 isa saMgha ke antargata sAta gaNoM ke nAma milate haiM-- devagaNa, senagaNa, dezogaNa, sUrastha gaNa, balAtkAragaNa, krANUragaNa aura nigamAnvaya / ina gaNoM kA nAmakaraNa muniyoM ke nAmAnta zabdoM se, tathA prAnta zraura sthAna vizeSa ke kAraNa hue hai| devagaNa - inameM devagaNa sabase prAcIna hai| isa gaNa kA astitva lakSmezvara se prApta cAra lekhoM meM ( 111, 113, 114 aura 156 ) se, tathA kaDavanti se prApta 11vI zatAbdI ke eka lekha 163 me mAlUma hotA hai| isake pazcAt anya lekhoM meM isakA ullekha nahI milatA / isakA devagaNa nAma kaise par3A, yaha tatkAlIna lekhoM se kucha jJAta nahI hotA / sabhava hai devAnta nAma hone me devagaNa sajJA prApta huI ho| jaise udayadeva, ( 113 ) lAbhadeva, jayadeva, vijayadeva zraGkadeva, mahIdeva aura akalakadeva aadi| kucha vidvAn akalakadeva ko isa gaNa kA pratiSThApaka mAnate hai / menagaNa - yaha gaNa bhI prAcIna hai / yadyapi isakA sabase pahalA ullekha mUlaguNDa se prApta lekha na0 137 ( san 203 ) meM huA hai / para uttarapurANa ke racayitA guNabhadra ne apane guru jinamena aura dAdA guru vIrasena ko senAnvaya kA vidvAna mAnA hai| kintu vIramena jinamena ne apanI dhavalA jayadhavalA TIkA meM apane vaza ko paMcastUpAnvaya likhA hai / pacastUpAnvaya IsA kI 5vI zatAbdI meM hone vAle nirgrantha sampradAya ke sAdhuo kA eka sagha thaa| yaha bAta pahAr3apura ji0 rAjazAhI, bagAla se prApta eka lekha me jAnI jAtI hai / pacAstUpAnvaya kA senAnvaya ke rUpa sabase pahalA ullekha saMbhavataH guNabhadra ne uttarapurANa meM kiyA hai| isame yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki jinasena isa gaccha ke prathama prAcArya the / isake bAda ke kisI prAcArya ne paMcastUpAnvaya kA ullekha nahI kiyA / senagaNa tIna upabhedoM meM vibhakta huA / pogarI yA hogirI gaccha, pustakagaccha aura candrakapATa / pogarIkaccha kA prathama ullekha' zaka sa0 815 san 803 (vi0 sa0 650 ) ke lekha meM 'mUlasaMgha senAnvaya' pogarIgaNa ke prAcArya vijayasena ke ziSya kanakasena ko grAmadAna dene kA ullekha hai / 56 dezI gaNa - koNDakundAnvaya ke sAtha prayukta hone vAle dezIyagaNa kA mUlamagha ke sAtha prayoga san 860 I0 ke eka lekha meM pAyA jAtA hai| jo pahale tAmrapatra ke rUpa meM thA aura bahuta samaya bAda muni meghacandra vidyadeva ke ziSya vIranandI muni ne kucha logo ke zrAgraha se pApANotkIrNa karAyA thA / meghacandra traividya deva aura vIranandI kI guru paramparA kA ullekha lekha na0 41 meM pAyA jAtA hai| aneka zilAlekho meM desiya, dezika, desiMga aura dezIya Adi nAmoM se isa gaNa kA ullekha milatA hai / deziya zabda deza zabda se banA hai, deza kA sAmAnya artha prAnta hotA hai / dakSiNa bhArata meM kannar3a prAnta ke usa bhU-bhAga ko, joki pazcimI ghATa ke ucca bhUmibhAga ( bAlAghATa ) aura godAvarI nadI ke bIca meM hai, deza nAma meM kahA jAtA thA / vahA~ ke nivAsI brAhmaNa aba bhI dezastha kahalAte haiN| isa gaNa ke Adima grAcAryoM ke nAma ke sAtha 'bhaTTAraka' pada juDA huA hai| havI zatAbdI ke aneka lekho meM muniyo kI upAdhi bhaTTAra yA bhaTTAraka dI gaI hai / pazcAdvartI lekhoM meM isa gaNa ke prAcAryoM kI upAdhi siddhAntadeva, ddhAntika yA vidya pAI jAtI hai| zilAlekhoM ke avalokana se jAnA jAtA hai ki karnATaka prAnta ke kaI sthAnoM meM isa gaNa ke aneka kendra the / unameM nagoge ( cikanasoge ) pramukha thA / yahA~ ke prAcAryoM se hI Age calakara isa gaNa ke hanasoge baliyA gaccha kA udbhava huA hai / gaccha kA artha zAkhA yA bali hotA hai / kannar3a zabda balaya yA laga kA artha parivAra hotA hai / cika hanasoge ke zilAlekho me jJAta hotA hai ki vahA~ isa gaNa kI aneka vasadiyA (maMdira) thIM, jinheM caMgAtva narezo dvArA sarakSaNa prApna thA / dezIgaNa kA pramukha gaccha pustakagaccha hai / isakA ullekha adhikAMza lekho meM milatA hai / namovali pustakagaccha kA hI eka upabheda hai| isa gaNa kI eka zAkhA kA nAma 'iMgulezvara bali' hai / jisake AcArya gaNa prAya: kolhApura ke Asa-pAsa rahate the / 1 jainalekha sa0 bhA0 4 lekha na0 61 pR0 36 / 2. dekho, jaina zilAlekha sa0 bhA0 4 lekha na0 64 / 3. jaina lekha sa0 bhA0 4 le0 na0 61 pU0 36 /

Page #91
jaina-sagha paricaya sUrasthamama-mUlasagha kA eka gaNa sUrastha nAma se prasiddha hai| lekha na0 185, 234, 266,318, 460 aura 541 se jJAta hotA hai ki ina lekho me sUrasta, surASTra prathavA sUrastha nAma se ullekha hai| inameM anvaya saura gaccha prAdi kA koI ullekha nahI hai / isakA sUrastha nAma kaise paDA, isakA itivRtta jJAta nahI / isa gaNa kA pahalA ullekha naM. 185 me hai jisameM mUlasaMgha ko vaDAnvaya ne yukta likhA hai| jAna paDatA hai, sUrasthagaNa pahale mUlasagha ke senagaNa se sambandhita thaa| athavA usa saMgha ke sAdhagaNa mUla sagha sUrastha gaNa me mammilita rahe ho| isa gaNa ke 11vI sadI ke pUrvArdha se lekara 13vI zatAbdI taka ke lekha hai| lekha na0 266 me jo zaka sa0 1046 kA hai, sUrasthagaNa ke vidvAnoM kA ullekha diyA hai / anantavIrya, bAlacandra, prabhAcandra, kalnele yadeva (gamacandra) aSTo pavAmi hemanandi, vinayanandi, ekavIra aura unake sadharmA palla paDita (abhimaandaanik)| isame hemanandi munIzvara ko gaddhAntapAraga ora sUrasthagaNa bhAskara batalAyA hai|' ora palla paDita kI baDI prazamA kI hai| hemananda ke zipya vinayanandi the| balAtkAragaNa-kA ullekha lekha na0 208 (san 1075) ke lagabhaga milatA hai, jisame isa gaNa ke citrakUTAmnAya ke muni municandra aura unake ziSya anantIni kA ullekha hai| lekha na0 227 (san 1087 I.) me isa gaNa ke katipaya maniyo kI parampaga dI gaI hai| unake nAma isa prakAra he-nayanandi, zrIdhara, zrIdhara ke candrakIti, zratakoti ora vaampuujy| candrakIti ke nemicandra aura vAsupUjya ke padmaprabha / lekha ke anta meM isa gaNa kA nAma balAtkAragaNa diyA gayA hai| isa gaNa kA nAma valAtkAra gaNa kaba aura kaise paDA, isakA koI inivRtta mere dekhane me nahI paayaa| DA. gulAbacanda codharI ne jaina zilAlekha sa0 tIsare bhAga kI prastAvanA ke pR062 para likhA hai ki nAma mAmya kA dekhate hA yApaniyoM ke balahAri yA valagAra gaNa me nikalA hai| kyoki dakSiNApatha ke nandi sagha meM 'balihAri yA balagAra gaNa ke nAma pAe jAte hai, kintu uttarApatha ke nandi sagha meM sarasvatI gaccha ora balAtkAra gaNa ye do hI nAma milate hai| 'balagAra' zabda sthAna vizepa kA dyotaka hai| lagatA hai balagAra nAmaka sthAna se nikalane ke kAraNa 'balagAra' nAma khyAta hA hogaa| 'balagAra' nAma kA eka grAma bhI dakSiNa bhArata meM hai| balagAra gaNa kA pahalA ullekha san 1071 kA hai| isame mUlasagha nandimagha kA balagAra gaNa aimA nAma diyA hai| isameM vardhamAna mahAvAdI vidyAnanda unake gurubandhu tAkikArka mANikyanandi-guNakIti-vimalacandra-guNacanda gaNDa vimukta unake guru vandhu abhayanandi kA nAmollakha hai| aora krama na0 155 me abhayanandi-sakalacanda-gaNDa vimukta tribhuvanacandra / iname guNakIti aura tribhuvanacandra ko mile dAno kA varNana he / kintu balAtkAra zabda sthAnavAco nahI hai pratyuta jabaradastI kriyAno me anurakta hone yA lagane Adi ke kAraNa isakA nAma balAtkAra huaA jAna paDatA hai| 14vI 15vI zatAbdI ke vidvAna bhaTTAraka padmanandI, jo bhaTTAraka prabhAcandra ke paTTa para pratiSThina hue the aura jo isa gaNa ke nAyaka the, sarasvatI kI pApANa mUrti ko balAtkAra se matra zakti dvArA bulavAyA thA, isa kAraNa use balAtkAra kahA jAtA hai, aura gaccha 'sArasvata' nAma se khyAta hamA hai| parantu yaha bAta bhI jI ko nahI lagatI, kyoki yaha ghaTanA arvAcIna hai| ye padmanandi vikrama kI 14-15vI zatAbdI ke vidvAna hai aura balAtkAra gaNa 1. tanmokho (2) vibudhAdhIzo hemanandi munIzvaraH / rAddhAnta-pArago jAtassUramtha-gaNa-bhAskara / -jana le0 sa0 bhA02 pR0 400 2. dekho, miDiyAvala jainijma pR0 327 3. padmanadI gururjAto blaatkaargnnaagrnnii| pASANaghaTitA yena vAditA shriisrsvtii|| Urjayantagirau tena gacchaH sarasvato'bhavat / atastasmai munIndrAya namaH zrI padmanandine // 2 4. jaina lekha sa0 bhA0 4 le0 154, 155, 50 102, pR. 111

Page #92
58 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 kA ullekha vi0 sa01087 (san 1030) meM zrInando ke ziSya zrIcandra ne kiyA hai| zrInandI kA samaya zrIcandra se 20 varSa pUrva mAnA jAya to san 1010 meM balAtkAra gaNa kA ullekha huA hai| aisI sthiti meM ukta padmanandi ko balAtkAragaNa kA sasthApaka nahI mAnA jA sktaa| kyoMki yaha ghaTanA cAra sau-pAMca sau varSa pUrva kI hai| balAtkAra gaNa meM aneka vidvAna bhaTTAraka hue haiM aura unake paTTa bhI aneka sthAnoM para rahe haiN| isa kAraNa balAtkAra gaNa kA vistAra adhika rahA hai| isa gaNa ke bhaTTArakoM ne jainadharma kI sevA bhI kI hai| mahArASTra meM malakheDa kA pITha balAtkAragaNa kA kendra thaa| usakI do zAkhAeM kAraMjA aura lAtUra meM sthApita huI thii| sUrata meM bhI balAtkAra gaNa kI gaddI thii| gvAliyara aura sonAgiri mAthura gaccha aura balAtkAragaNa ke kendra the aura hisAra mAthura gaccha kA pradhAna pITha thaa| balAtkAragaNa ke sAtha sarasvatI gaccha kA ullekha caudahavI sadI se milatA hai| yaha lekha zaka sa0 1277 manmatha saMvatsara kA hai| isameM kundakundAnvaya, sarasvatI gaccha, balAtkAragaNa, mUlasagha ke amarakoti prAcArya ke ziSya, mAghanandi vratI ke zipya bhogarAja dvArA zAMtinAtha kI mUrti kI sthApanA kA ullekha hai| jaina zilAlekha sa0 bhA0 4 pR0 288 para krama na0 403, 404 aura pR0 305 meM kra. 434 na0 ke lekhoM meM kundakundAnvaya kI paramparA meM rAjA harihara ke samaya iruga daNDa nAyaka dvArA jina mandira ke nirmANa kA ullekha hai| mUla sagha balAtkAragaNa ke bhaTTAraka dharmabhUSaNa ke upadeza meM immaDi bukka maMtrI dvArA kundana bolu nagara meM kUnthanAtha kA caityAlaya banavAye jAne kA ullekha hai| aura mUlasaMgha balAtkAragaNa sarasvatI gaccha ke vardhamAna bhaTrAraka kI prArthanA para rAjA devarAya dvArA varAMga nAmaka grAma neminAtha maMdira ko diye jAne kA ullekha hai| krANUragaNa-isa gaNa ke tIna upabhedoM kA ullekha milatA hai-tintriNI gaccha, mepapASANa gaccha aura pUstaka gcch| ima gaNa kA pahalA ullekha dasavIM zatAbdI ke lekha (jaina zi0 ma0 bhA04 kramAka naM056) meM milatA hai| tathA 14vI zatAbdI ke anta taka ke ullekha upalabdha hote hai / mUla saMgha ke deziya gaNa aura krANara gaNa kI apanI vasadiyAM (mandira) hotI thii| daDiga meM prApta eka lekha meM likhA hai ki hoyasala menApati mariyAne rata ne daDigaNakere sthAna meM pAca vasadiyAM banavAyI thIM unameM cAra vasadiyAM deziyagaNa ke liye aura eka krANura gaNa ke lie| 14vI zatAbdI ke bAda kANaragaNa kA prabhAva balAtkAragaNa ke prabhAvaka bhaTTArakoM ke samaya prabhAvahIna ho gyaa| ___kallUra guDDa ke lekha' meM krANUragaNa ke prAcAryA kI vaMzAvalI nimna prakAra dI hai-dakSiNa dezavAsI, gaGgajAnoM ke kula ka mamuddhAraka zrI mulasagha ke nAtha sihandi nAma ke muni the| usake pazcAt ahaMdvalyAcArya, beTadadAma nandi bhaTrAraka, bAlacandra bhaTTAraka, meghacandra vidyadeva, guNacandra, paNDita deva / inake bAda zabdabrahma. gaNanandideva he| inake bAda mahAna nAkika evaM vAdI prabhAcandra siddhAntadeva hae, jo mUlasagha koNDakunDAnvaya krANaggaNa tathA meSapASANa gaccha ke the| unake zipya mAghanandi siddhAntadeva, aura unake ziSya prabhAcandra he| inake sadharmA ananta vIrya muni, municandra muni, unake ziSya zrutakIti, unake zipya kanakanandi vidya hue, jinheM rAjAoM ke darabAra meM tribhuvana-malla-vAdigaja kahA jAtA thA inake sadharmA mAdhavacandra, unake ziSya bAlacandra vidya the| krANaragaNa kI tintriNI gaccha kI prAcArya paramparA kA ullekha lekha na0 313, 377, 386, 408 aura 431 meM AyA hai| rAmaNandi, padmaNandi, municandra municandra, ke bhAnukoti aura kulabhUpaNa (431 le0) bhAnukoti ke nayakIti aura kulabhUSaNa ke sakalacandra he| yApanIya saMgha-kI sthApanA darzana sAra ke kartA devasena mUri ke kathanAnusAra vi0 sa0 205 meM zrI kalaza nAma ke zvetAmbara sAdhu ne kI thii| arthAt yaha sagha zvetAmbara-digambara bheda kI utpatti se lagabhaga 70 varSa 1. jaina eNTIkverI bhA0 6, aka 2 10 66 na0 58 2. jaina zi0 le0 saM0 bhA0 2 10 416 3. kallANe varaNayare duNNimae pacauttare jAde / jAvaNiya saMghabhAvo mirikalasAdo hu mevdddo| -danasAra 26

Page #93
jaina- sagha - paricaya 56 bAda ko utpanna huA hai| isase yaha to nizcita hai ki yaha saMgha, saMgha bheda ke pazcAt sthApita huA thA / yaha sagha dakSiNa bhArata kI dena hai, kyoki jo sAdhu bhagavAna mahAvIra ke kaThora zAsana kA pAlana karate the, digambara sAdhuoM ke samAna nagna rahate the, mayUra picchI rakhate the, pANipAtra (hAtha) meM bhojana karate the, aura nagna mUrtiyoM ke pUjaka the / kintu zvetAmbaroM ke samAna striyo vA usI bhava se mukti mAnate the / savatra mukti ora kevalibhukti ( kavalAhAra ) bhI svIkAra karate the| zetAmbara mAnya AgamoM ko mAnate the, aura vandanA karane vAloM ko 'dharmalAbha' dete the / yadyapi inake dvArA mAnya AgamoM meM kucha pATha bheda the / yaha sampradAya digambara zvetAmbaro ke bIca kI eka kar3I thA / isa saMgha meM aneka prabhAvazAlI vidvAna AcArya hue hai / una vidvAnoM meM zivArya, aparAjita, pAlya kIrti ( zAkaTAyana ) mahAvIra aura svayaMbhU Adi pramukha hai / sabhavataH paumacariya ke kartA vimalasUri bhI yApanIya the / yaha sampradAya rAjya mAnya thA / kadamba, cAlukya, gaMga, rASTrakUTara Ara raTTa vaMza ke rAjAoM ne isa sagha ke sAdhuoM ko anekoM bhRmidAna diye the / kadambavaza ke lekha na0 66, 100 aura 105 se jJAta hotA hai i uma vaMza ke prArambhika rAjAo ke kAla meM yaha saMgha vaDA hI prabhAvaka thA / kadamba nareza mRgeza varmA (san 470460) ne palAsikA sthAna meM isa saMgha ko aura anya dUsare magho - nirgrantha aura kUrcakoM ke sAtha bhUmidAna dvArA satkRta kiyA thA / isa rAjA ke putra ravivarmA ne isa magha ke pramukha AcArya kumAradatta ko 'purumbaiTaka' gAva dAna meM diyA thA / ( 100 ) / isI vaMza kI dUsarI zAkhA ke yuvarAja devazarmA ne bhI yApanIya sagha ko kucha kSetroM kA dAna dekara sammAnita kiyA thA / raTTa narezoM ke lekho se isa sampradAya ke do naye gaNoM kA patA calatA hai| kAreyagaNa ora kanDUragaNa kA / lekha na0 130 se vidita hotA hai ki raTTa vaza ke prathama nareza pRthvIrAya ke guru indrakIti ( guNakArti ) ke ziSya mailApatIrtha kAreya gaNa ka thaM / kArayagaNa nizcita rUpa se yApanAya thA / yaha jaina eNTAkvaro se jJAta hotA hai / 182 na0 ke lekha meM bhI kAreyagaNa kA ullekha hai| isa sampradAya ke kaNDUragaNa kA ullekha raTTa rAjAoM ke lekha na0 160 aura 205 se jAnA jAtA hai / lekha na0 160 ma yApanIya saMgha ke kanDuragaNa kI guruparamparA nimna prakAra prApta hotI hai: - devacandra, devasiha, ravicandra, arhandi, zubhacandra, maunideva aura prabhAcandra / lekha na0 205 meM kaNDUragaNa ke ravicandra aura arhandi kA ullekha hai / yApanIya sagha ne dakSiNa bhArata ke jainadharma ke itihAsa meM mahatvapUrNa bhAga liyA thA / isa saMgha kA prabhutva karnATaka ke uttarIya pradeza meM hone kA anumAna kiyA gayA hai| kAraNa ki karnATaka pradeza ke zilAlekhoM meM yApaniyoM ke sambandha meM aneka ullekha pAe jAte hai| jabaki anya pradezoM ke lekhoM meM unakA abhAva hai| isa magha ne karnATaka pradeza meM janma lekara dhIre-dhIre apanI zakti ko bddh'aayaa| aura karnATaka ke aneka pradezoM meM rAjakIya tathA janatA kA saMrakSaNa prApta kiyA / yahA~ yaha ullekhanIya hai ki karnATaka ke dakSiNI bhAga meM, jisameM maisUra bhI zAmila hai, zilAlekhoM meM bhI yApaniyoM kA ullekha virala hai| zravaNa belgola ke lekhoM meM yApaniyoM kA eka bhI ullekha nahI milatA / anveSaNoM ke pariNAma svarUpa jAna paDatA hai ki hantikerI, kalabhAvI, saudanti, belagAMva, bIjApura, dhAravAr3a aura kolhApura Adi pradezoM ke kucha sthAnoM meM yApaniyoM kA jora rahA hai / karnATaka ke samAna tamila prAnta meM bhI yApanIya sampradAya kA pracAra rahA hai aisA lekha naM0 143-144 se jJAta hotA hai / lekha na0 143 meM yApanIya sampradAya ke nandi gaccha ( sagha) ke koTi maDuvagaNa kA ullekha hai aura usake prAcAryo - jinanandi, divAkara, zrImandiradeva kA nAma diyA gayA hai / zrImandiradeva kaTakAbharaNajinAlaya ke adhiSThAtA the| usa jinAlaya ke liye pUrvIya cAlukya vaMza ke ammarAja dvitIya ne senApati ( kaTakarAja ) durgarAja kI 1. kadambavazI rAjAo ke dAna patra, janahitaiSI bhAga 14 aMka 7-8 / 2. i0 e0 12 pR0 13-16 meM rASTra kUTarAjA prabhUta varSa kA dAna patra 3. jaina eNTIkverI bhAga 6 aMka 2068, 69 meM akita do lekha - (53-55) /

Page #94
60 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 prArthanA para ukta sagha ke liye malimapuNDi nAma kA eka gAMva dAna meM diyA thaa| zrI mandiradeva yApanIya saMgha, koTi maDuva yA maDuvagaNa aura nandigaccha ke jinanandi ke praziSya aura divAkaranandi ke ziSya the| usI rAjA ke dUsare lekha naM0 144 meM ar3akaligaccha balahArigaNa ke prAcAryo kI pakti sakalacandra, ayyapoTi, arhanandi / nandi muni ko ammarAja dvitIya ne sarvalokAzraya jinAlaya kI bhojanazAlA kI marammata karAne ke liye attalipANDu prAnta ke kalucumbarU nAma kA gAva dAna meM diyA thA / yadyapi isa lekha meM spaSTa rUpa se yApanIya saMgha kA ullekha nahIM hai / kintu aDukali gaccha aura balihArigaNa kA ullekha anyatra na milane se ve yApanIya sampradAya ke the / yApanIya magha ke antargata nandisagha eka mahatvapUrNa zAkhA thI, jo mUlamagha ke nandimadha se bhinna thI / yaha nandi saMgha kaI gAvoM meM vibhAjita thaa| jAna par3atA hai sagha vyavasthA kI dRSTi se use kaI bhedo meM vAMTa diyA gayA thaa| uname kanakApala mambhUta vRkSamUlagaNa (106) zrI mUlamUlagA ( 121 ) aura punnAgavRkSa mUlagaNa ( 124 ) inameM punnAgavRkSa mUlagaNa pradhAna thA aura vaha usakI prasiddha zAkhA rUpa meM khyAta thaa| gaNoM ke nAma katipaya vRkSAM ke nAma se sambandhita hai / san 1908 ke 250va lekha se jJAta hotA hai ki ukta punnAgavRkSa mUlagaNa kA mUlasaMgha ke antargata pAte hai / aisA jAna par3atA hai ki vaha bAda meM mUlamagha ma antarbhukta ho gayA hai| zilAlekhA ma nirdiSTa bahuta sAdh isI gaNa se sambaddha the| isake atirikta yApaniyoM ke bhI aneka gaNa the| do lekhA (70 zrora 131 ) me kumudigaNa kA ullekha milatA hai| inameM se pahalA lekha navI gato kA he aura dUsarA 1045 I0 kA hai / donoM meM jinAlaya ke nirmANa kA ullekha hai / isa satra vivaraNa se yApanIyamagha kI khyAti ora mahattA kA spaSTa bodha hotA hai / yaha sagha havI 10 vI zatAbdI taka satriya rahA jAna par3atA hai| para bAda meM usakA prabhAva kSINa hone lagA / isa saMgha ke muniyoM meM kIrti nAmAnta ra nandi nAmAnta nAma adhika pAye jAne hai, vijayakIrti, arkakIrti, kumArakIti, pAlyakIti prAdi, candranandi, kumAranandi, kIrtinandi, siddhanandi, arhananda Adi / kintu yaha maMdha jisa uddezya ko lekara banA vaha apane usa mizana meM saphala nahIM ho skaa| aura anta meM apanI hIna sthiti meM digambara saMgha ke andara antarbhavita ho gayA jAna par3atA hai / belagAva 'doDDavasti' nAma ke jaina mandira kI zrI neminAtha kI mUrti ke nIce eka khaDita lekha hai, jisame jJAta hotA hai ki ukta maMdira yApanIya saMgha ke kisI pArisayyA nAmaka vyakti ne zaka 935 san 1013 (vi saM. 1070) meM banavAyA thA aura ukta maMdira kI yApanIyo dvArA pratiSThita pratimA isa samaya digambariyo dvArA pUjI jAtI hai'| yApaniyo kA sAhitya bhI digambara sampradAya me antarbhukta ho gayA / drAvir3a saMgha - drAviDa deza meM rahane vAle jaina samudAya kA nAma drAviDa sagha hai / lekho meM ise draviDa, draviDa, draviNa dramila, dravila, drAviDa Adi nAmo se ullekhita kiyA gayA hai| dravir3a deza vartamAna meM Andhra zrI madrAsa prAnta kA kucha hissA hai| ise tamila deza meM bhI honA kahA jAtA hai / isa deza meM jaina dharma ke pahucane kA kAla bahuta prAcIna hai / isa deza meM sAdhuo kA jarUra koI prAcIna saMgha rahA hogA / AcArya devamena ne darzanamAra meM drAviDa saMgha kI sthApanA pUjyapAda ke ziSya vajrananda ke dvArA dakSiNa mathurA me vi0 sa0 526 meM huI likhA hai / vajjranandi ke sambandha meM likhA hai ki usa duSTa ne kachAra kheta vasadi aura vANijya me jIvikA karate hue zItala jala se snAna kara pracura pApa kA sacaya kiyA / kintu zilAlekho meM isa sagha ke aneka pratiSThita AcAryoM ke nAma milate hai / ataH devamena ke ukta kathana meM sandeha utpanna honA svAbhAvika hai / mandira banavAne aura khetI bAr3I karane ke kAraNa isa saMgha ko darzana sAra meM jainAbhAsa kahA gayA hai| vAdirAja bhI drAviDa sagha ke the| unakI guru paramparA maThAdhIzoM kI paramparA 1. dekho, jainadarzana varSa 4 zraka 7 2. miripujjapAdamIso dAviDamaghamma kArago duTTo / nAmeNa vajjaNadI pAhuDavedI mahAsattho / / 25 paJcasa chabbIse vikkamarAyA narapatamma / dakkhira maharAjAdo dAviDasadho mahAmoho || 26 kaccha khetta vasahi vANijja kAriUraNa jIvanto / haMtA sIyala gIre pAvaM paura ca saMvedi || 27 ( darzanasAra)

Page #95
jaina-saMgha-paricaya thii| ve mandira banavAte the, unakA jIrNoddhAra karAte the, muniyoM ke prAhAra kI vyavasthA karate the| inhIM vAdirAja ke samasAmayika mallipeNa the / inake maMtra-tatra viSayaka granthoM meM mAraNa-uccATana, vazIkaraNa, mohana, stambhana Adi ke aneka prayoga nihita haiN| jvAlAmAlinI kalpa ke kartA indranandiyogIndra bhI drAvir3a saMgha ke the| isa grantha kI utthAnikA meM likhA hai ki dakSiNa ke malaya deza ke hemagrAma meM drAviDasagha ke adhipati helAcArya the / unakI zipyA ko brahmarAkSasa laga gayA thaa| usakI pIr3A dUra karane ke liye halAcArya ne jvAlA mAlinI kI mevA kI thii| devI ne upasthita hokara pUchA-kyA cAhate ho ! muni ne kahA- mujhe kucha nahI cAhiye, merI gipyA ko graha mukta kara do| devI ke maMtra se zipyA svastha ho gaI / phira devA ke Adeza ne helAcArya ne jvAlinomana kA racanA ko| isa saMgha ke adhikAMza lekha hoyamana narezoM ke haiN| isa maMgha ke prAcAryoM ne padmAvato devo kI pUjA, pratiSThA meM bar3A yogadAna kiyA thaa| isa saMgha ke prAyaH sabhI sAdhu badiyoM meM rahate the / dAna meM prApta jAgIra Adi kA prabandha karate the| cala grAma ke vamire devamandira meM zaka maM01047 kA eka zilAlekha hai jimameM drAviDa saMghIya inhIM vAdirAja ke vaMzaja zrIpAlayogIzvara ko hoyyasala vaza ke viNa varddhana poyyamala deva ne vatiyoM yA jaina mandiroM ke jIrNoddhArArtha aura RpiyoM ke AhAra-dAna ke liye zalya nAmaka grAma dAna meM diyA' / vi0 saM01145 ke duvakaNDa ke zilAlekha meM kachavAhA vaza ke rAjA vikramamiha ne pUjana mamkAra, kAlAntara meM TUTe phaTe kI marammata ke liye kacha jamIna, vApikA sahita eka bagIcA ora muni jano ke zarIrAbhyaMjana (taila mardana) ke liye do karaghaTikAeM dI ye sava bAte bhI caityavAsa ke prAcAra kA udbhAvana karatI haiN| karcakasaMgha-karnATaka prAnta meM IsA kI pAcavoM zatAbdI yA usake pahale jainiyoM kA eka sampradAya kUrcaka nAma se khyAta thaa| jisakA astitva tathA kUrcaka nAma kadambavaMzI rAjAoM ka lekhoM (65-66) se jJAta hotA hai| yaha sAdhano kA aisA sampradAya thA, jo dAr3I mUcha rakhatA thaa| usake mAtha yApanIya aura zvetapaTa saMgha kA nAmollekha hai| prAcIna kAla meM jaTAdhArI aura nagna Adi aneka prakAra ke arjana sAdhu the| isI taraha jainiyoM meM bhI aise sAdhanoM kA sampradAya thA jo dAr3A mUcha ragvane ke kAraNa kucaka kahalAtA thaa| gaur3a saMgha-gor3a sagha kA ullekha eka hI lekha meM milatA hai| isa sambandha meM anya lekha dekhane meM nahIM praayaa| gaur3a sagha ke prAcArya somadeva ke liye cAlukya rAjA baddiga dvArA zubhadhAma jinAlaya ke banavAne kA ullekha hai| (ri0 i0 e0 1946-7 kra-158) kASThAsaMgha-mAthuragaccha devamena ne darzanasAra meM kASThAsaMgha kI utpatti dakSiNa prAnta meM, prAcArya jinamena ke satIrtha vinayamena ke zipya kumAramena dvArA jo nandi taTa meM rahate the vi0 saM0 753 meM huI batalAI hai / aura kahA hai ki unhoMne karkaza keza arthAta gau ko paMcha kI pIchI grahaNa karake sAre vAgar3adeza meM unmArga claayaa| kintu kApThAsaMgha ke saMsthApaka kumArasena kA samaya ma0753 batalAyA hai / vaha saMgata pratIta nahIM hotA, kyoMki vinayamena ke laghu guru bandha jinamena ne 'jayadhavalA' TIkA zaka sa0756 san 837 meM banAkara samApta kI hai / ata: use vikrama mavat na mAnakara zaka saMvata mAnane se saMgati ThIka baiTha jAtI hai| aura usake do sau varSa bAda arthAt vi0 saMvata 653 ke lagabhaga matharA meM mAtharoM ke guru gamasena ne ni:picchika rahane kA upadeza diyA aura kahA ki na mayUrapicchI rakhane kI AvazyakatA hai aura na gopicchI kii| sabhI saMghoM, gaNoM aura gacchoM ke nAma prAyaH dezoM yA nagaroM ke nAma para par3e haiN| jaise mathurA se mAthurasaMgha, kASThA nAma ke sthAna se kaasstthaasNgh| bulAkIdAsa ne apane vacana koza meM umAsvAmI ke paTTAdhikArI lohAcArya dvArA kASThAsaMgha kI sthApanA 1. jana zilAlekha sagraha bhAga 463 na kA lekha 2. jaina grantha prazasti sagraha prathama bhAga tathA dhavalA pu. 1 prastAvanA pa0 35-36

Page #96
62 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 agrohA nagara meM kI thI aisA likhA hai| para isakA koI prAcIna ullekha mere avalokana meM nahIM paayaa| kintu 19vIM 20vI zatAbdI ke lekhoM meM lohAcArya ke anvaya kA ullekha milatA hai| aisI sthiti meM bulAkIdAsa kA likhanA vizvasanIya nahI jAna pdd'taa| kATha kI pratimA ke pUjana se kASThAsagha nAma par3A, yaha kalpanA to nirAdhAra hai hI, kATha kI pratimA ke pUjana kA niSedha bhI mere dekhane me nahI paayaa| kASThA nAma kA sthAna dillI ke uttara meM jamUnA nadI ke kinAre basA thaa| jisa para nAgavaMziyoM kI TAMka zAkhA kA rAjya thaa| 18vI zatAbdI meM 'madana pArijAta' nAma kA nibandha yahI likhA gayA thaa| kASThAsaMgha kI pAvalI meM bhI lohAcArya kA nAma hai / aisI prasiddhi hai ki lohAcArya ne hI agravAloM ko di jaina dharma meM dIkSita kiyA thaa| agravAloM kA ullekha karane vAle lekhoM meM kASThAsaMgha aura lohAcAryAnvaya kA nirdeza hai| isa sagha ke AcArya amitagati dvitIya ne apanI jo guru paramparA dI hai, usameM devasena, amitagati prathama, nemipeNa, mAdhavasena aura amitagati dvitIya hai| amitagati dvitIya ne apanI racanAeM saM01050 me 1073 taka banAI haiN| isI maMgha ke antargata amarakIti ne jo gRru paramparA dI hai vaha inhI amitagati se zurU kI hai, amitagati, zAntiSaNa, amaramena, zrISaNa, candrakIti, amarakoti / amarakIti ko racanAeM ma0 1244 me 1247 taka kI upalabdha hai| inhIM amarakItika zipya indranandi ne zvetAmbarAcArya hemacandra ke yoga zAstra kI TIkA zaka ma0 1180 vi0 sa0 1315 meM banAkara samApta kI thii| imame spaSTa hai ki kApTAmagha ke mAthugmaMgha kI yaha parampaga 1050 me 1315 taka calatI rahI hai| usake bAda isI paramparA meM udayacandra, bAlacandra aura vinayacandra he| inhone apanI racanAo dvArA apabhraza sAhitya ko vaddhigata kiyA hai| udayacandra ne gahamtha avasthA meM sugandha dazamI kathA kI racanA lagabhaga 1150 I. meM kI thii| usake bAda ve muni ho gae the| kAThAmagha meM nanditaTa, mAthara, vAgar3a aura lAla bAgaDa ye cAra gaccha prasiddha the| jaisA ki bhaTrAraka surendrakIti kI paTTAvalI meM spaSTa hai / ye cAroM nAma sthAnoM aura pradezoM ke nAmoM para rakye gae hai / kumArasena nandi aura rAmamena mAthara magha ke, jimakA vikAsa mathurA meM huA hai| vAgar3a meM vAgar3agaccha, aura lATa gujarAta aura bAgaDa me lAla bAgar3agaccha / lATa aura bAgar3a bahuta samaya taka eka hI rAjavaza ke prAdhIna rahe hai| mAthura sagha ko jainAbhAsa, jIva rakSA ke liye kisI taraha kI pIchI na rakhane ke kAraNa kahA gayA hai| AcArya amitagati dvitIya ke grantho se aisA koI bhI bheda najara nahIM AtA jisase unheM jainAbhAsa kahA jaay| darzanasAra kI racanA vi0ma0 660 meM huI hai| nanditaTa gaccha-isameM aneka vidvAna AcArya aura bhaTTAraka hae hai| rAmamena naramiha jAti ke sasthApaka kahe gaye hai| inake zipya nemisena ne bhaTTapUrA jAti kI sthApanA kI hai| bhImasena ke ziSya somakIrti ne savata 1532 meM vIramena guru ke sAtha zItalanAtha mUrti kI pratiSThA kaa| somakIti ne sa01526-1531 aura 1536 meM pradyamnacarita, saptavyasana kathA aura yazodharacarita kI racanA kii| saM0 1540 meM eka mUrti kI pratiSThA kii| aura sulatAna phirojazAha ke rAjyakAla meM pAvAgar3ha meM padmAvatI kI sahAyatA se AkAza gamana kA camatkAra dikha laayaa| inake bAda anya aneka bhaTTAraka hae, jinhone jainadharma kI sevA kii| mAthura gaccha-isa gaccha meM aneka granthakartA vidvAna hue hai| isa gaccha ke aneka vidvAnoM kA ullekha Upara diyA jA cakA hai| namiSaNa ke ziSya amitagati prathama ne yogasAra kI racanA kii| mAdhavasena ke ziSya amitagati 1. dekho, pabhomA kA sa0 1881 man 1824 kA legva, jaina lekha sa0 bhA0 3 pR0 576-580 / tathA nayA mandira dharmapUga ke jaina mUti lekha, anekAnta varSa 16. kiraNa 3 / lekha naM0 10, 11, 12 me lohAcAryAmnAya kA ullekha hai| 2. kASThAmadhe bhuvikhyAto jAnanti nRsurAmugaH / tatra gacchAzca catvAro rAjante vizrutAH kSitau / / zrI nandinaTa sajJA ca mAthuro bAgaDAbhidhaH / lAla-bAgar3a-ityeke vikhyAtAH kSitimaNDale //

Page #97
jana-magha-paricaya dvitIya ne subhASita ratnasadoha dharmaparIkSA, pacasagraha, tatva bhAvanA, upAsakAcAra, dvAtrizatikA aura ArAdhanA grantha kI racanA kI / isa sagha ke dUsare AcArya chatrasena the, jinhoMne sa0 1166 meM paramAra rAjA vijayarAja ke rAjyakAla meM mandira bnvaayaa| guNabhadra na ma0 1226 meM vijAlyA ke pAzvanAtha mandira kI vistRta prazasti ligyo / isa paramparA ke anya aneka bhaTTArako ne gvAliyara kile meM mUrti nirmANa aura yazaHkoti, malaya kIti, guNabhadra aura raidhU Adi ne aneka grantho kI racanA kii| iname yaza kIti ke guru guNakIti bahuta prabhAvazAlI the jinhone rAjA DUgargasaha Adi ko jainadharma kA zraddhAzIla bnaayaa| ina tAmara vaza ke gAmako ka samaya jahA jena dharma kA vistAra ora prabhAva rahA, vahA~ jainadharma kA prabhAva bhI janatA para rhaa| bAgaDagaccha-lADabAgaDa bAgaDa kA koI svatantra ullekha prApta nahI haa| lADa gUjagata aura bAgar3a dono milakara lAivAgaDa gaccha hnaa| isakA samkRta nAmalATavargaTa hai| jayamena (1055) ne isakA sambandha bhagavAna mahAvIra ke gaNadhara metArya ke sAtha joDA hai| isase paha magha 10vI zatAbdI meM bhI pUrva kA jAna par3atA hai / isakA prabhAva gujarAta ora bAgaDa pradeza meM rahA hai| kintu bAda meM mAlavA aura dhAga aura usake Ama-pAma ke pradezo me akita rahA hai / lATa vAgaDa aura pUnnATa maghA kI ekatA kA AbhAsa le0 na0 631 me pratIta hotA hai| aura lADa bAgaDa gaccha ke kavi pAmo ke ullekha me usakI puSTi hotI hai| punnATa magha ke AcArya jinamena ne zaka saM0 705 meM vardhamAna pura ke pArzvanAtha tathA dostaTikA ke zAntinAtha mandira meM raha kara harivaza purANa kI racanA kI thii| sabhava hai dakSiNa ke mAnanIya nandi sagha tathA punnAgavRkSa mUlagaNa ko akaMkoti ne apanA saMgha batalAyA hai / isase lagatA hai ki punnAga vRkSamUlagaNa punnATa kA hI rUpAntara ho / punnATa madha ke prAcArya haripaNa ne samvat 686 me vardhamAna pura meM bRhatkathA koSa kI racanA kI hai| zrIcandra ne lADavAgaDa maMgha kA ullakha kiyA hai| mahAmana ne bhI apane kA lADabAgar3a sagha kA vidvAna sUcita kiyA hai / pradyumna carita meM inhona jayamena, guNAkara sena, mahAmana ke nAmollekha se apanI guru paramparA dI hai| sa0 1145 ke dUbakuNDa ke lekha meM vijayakIti ne devamena kulabhUpaNa durlabhamena, ambaramena Adi vAdiyoM ke vijetA zAntiSaNa aura vijayakIrti ke nAma diye hai / isame yaha sagha bhA prabhAvaka rahA hai| zilAlekha, mati lekha, tAmra patra aura prazastiyo para me ora bhI magha, gaNa-gacchAdi kA patA cala sakatA hai| isa paricaya dvArA di0 jainAcAryAM ke gaNa-gacchAdi para sakSipta prakAza par3atA hai| Age jina AcAryoM, vidvAnoM aura bhaTTArako Adi kA paricaya diyA jAyagA, ve saba prAcArya inhI maghoM ora gaNa-gacchoM ke the|

Page #98
adhyAya 2 IsA pUrva tRtIya zatAbdI se lekara IsA kI caturtha zatAbdI taka ke vidvAn prAcArya prAcArya daulAmasa (dhRtisena) muni kalyANa prAcArya guNadhara arhabalI dharasena ma.ghanandI saiddhAntika puSpadanta bhUtavalI bhadrabAhu (dvitIya) kundakundAcArya guNavIra paNDita umAsvAti samantabhadra zivArya

Page #99
prAcArya daulAmasa (dhRtisena) aura muni kalyANa IsavI pUrva 326 san ke navambara mahIne meM sikandara (Alerandcr) ne aTaka ke nikaTa sindhu nadI ko pAra kiyA aura vaha takSazilA meM Akara tthhraa| usa samaya takSazilA kA rAjA ambhi thaa| usane sikandara se binA yuddha kiye hI usakI adhInatA svIkAra kara lI thii| usI kI sahAyatA se sikandara kI senA ne sindhu nadI ko pAra kiyA aura takSazilA meM pahuMca kara apanI thakAna utaarii| usa samaya sikandara ne digambara jaina zramaNoM (muniyoM) ke ucca caritra, tapasvI jIvana, unnata jJAna prora kaThora sAdhanA ke sambandha meM aneka logoM se prazaMsA sunI thii| isameM usake mana meM digambara jaina muniyoM ke darzana karane kI prabala AkAMkSA thii| jaba use yaha jJAta huA ki nagara ke bAhara aneka nagna jaina muni ekAnta meM tapasyA kara rahe haiM, taba usane apane eka amAtya pronesIkreTasa (Oncsicrates) ko Adeza diyA ki tuma jAo aura eka jimnosAphisTa (Gyninosophyst) digambara jaina muni ko Adara sahita livA, laao| pronesIkreTsa vahA~ gayA, jahA~ jaMgala meM jena muna tapasyA kara rahe the| vaha jaina saMgha ke AvArya ke pAsa pahu~cA aura kahA-AcArya ! Apako badhAI hai, Apako paramezvara kA putra samrAT sikandara, jo saba manuSyoM kA jA hai, apane pAsa valAtA hai| yadi Apa usakA nimantraNa svIkAra karake usake pAsa caleMge to vaha Apako bahuta pAritoSika degA aura yadi Apa nimantraNa asvIkAra karake usake pAsa nahIM jAyaMge to sira kATa legaa| usa samaya zramaNa sAdhu saMgha ke prAcArya daulAmasa (Daulamus) (sambhavataH dhRtimena) sUkhI ghAsa para leTe hue the| unhoMne leTe hue hI sikandara ke amAtya kI bAta sunI aura muskarAte hue bole-sabase zreSTha rAjA balAt kisI kI hAni nahI krtaa| vaha prakAza, jIvana, jala, mAnava zarIra aura AtmA kA banAne vAlA nahIM hai, aura na inakA saMhAraka hai| sikandara devatA nahIM hai, kyoMki usakI eka dina mRtyu avazya hogii| vaha jo pAritopika denA cAhatA hai ve sabhI padArtha mere liye nirarthaka hai| maiM to ghAsa para sotA hai| aisI koI vastu apane pAsa nahIM rakhatA jisakI rakSA kI mujhe cintA karanI par3e, jisake kAraNa apanI zAMti kI nIMda bhaMga karanI pdd'e| yadi mere pAsa suvarNa yA anya koI sampatti hotI to mai aisI nizcinta nIMda na le pAtA / pRthvI mujhe Avazyaka padArtha pradAna karatI hai, jaise bacce ko usakI mAtA sukha detI hai| maiM jahA~ kahIM jAtA hU~ vahA~ mujhe apanI udara-pUrti ke liye kamI nahIM / AvazyakatAnusAra saba kucha (bhojana) mujhe mila hI jAtA hai, kabhI nahIM bhI milatA to maiM usakI kucha cintA nahIM krtaa| yadi sikandara merA sira kATa DAlegA, to vaha merI AtmA ko to naSTa nahIM kara sktaa| sikandara apanI dhamakI se unako bhayabhIta kare jinheM suvarNa, dhana Adi kI icchA ho, yA jo mRtyu se Darate hoN| sikandara ke ye donoM astra-Arthika lobha-lAlaca tathA mRtyu-bhaya hamAre liye zaktihIna haiM-vyartha haiN| kyoMki hama na suvarNa (sonA) cAhate haiM aura na mRtyu se Darate haiM / isalie jAtro aura sikandara se kaha do ki daulAmasa ko tumhArI kisI bhI vastu kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / ataH vaha (daulAmasa )tumhAre pAsa nahIM aavegaa| yadi sikandara mujhape koI vastu cAhatA hai to vaha hamAre samAna bana jaave| monesIkreTsa ne sArI bAteM samrAT se khiiN| sikandara ne socA-jo sikandara se bhI nahIM DaratA, vaha mahAn hai, usake mana meM prAcArya daulAmasa ke darzanoM kI utsukatA jAgRta huii| usane jAkara AcArya mahArAja ke darzana kiye| vaha jaina muniyoM ke AcAra-vicAra, jJAna aura tapasyA se bar3A prabhAvita huaa| usane apane deza meM aise

Page #100
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 kimI mAdha ko le jAkara jJAna pracAra karane kA nizcaya kiyaa| vaha kalyANa (Klas) muni se milA aura unase yUnAna calane kI prArthanA kii| muni kalyANa prAcArya dolAmama ke saMgha ke eka zipya sAdhu the| unhoMne usakI prArthanA svIkAra kara lii| parantu AcArya mahodaya ko kalyANa kA yUnAna jAnA sambhavata: pasanda na thaa| jaba mikandara takSazilA se apanI senA ke sAtha gUnAna ko lauTA, taba kalyANa muni bhI usake sAtha vihAra kara rahe the| muni kalyANa ne eka dina mArga meM hI sikandara ko mRtyu kI bhaviSyavANI ko ke vacanoM ke anusAra hI vaivIlauna pahuMcane para I0 pU0 323 meM apagaNha velA meM sikandara kI mRtyu ho gii| mRtyu se pahale sikandara ne muni mahArAja ke darzana kiye aura unase upadeza sunA / samrAT kI icchAnusAra yUnAnI kalyANa muni ko Adara ke sAtha yUnAna le gaye / kucha varSoM taka unhoMne yUnAniyoM ko upadeza dekara dharma-pracAra kiyaa| anta meM unhoMne samAdhimaraNa kiyaa| unakA zava rAjakIya sammAna ke sAtha citA para rakha kara jalAyA gyaa| kahate hai, unake pASANa caraNa ethensa meM kisI prasiddha sthAna para bane hue hai| usa samaya takSazilA meM aneka digambara mUni rahate the| isa bAta kI pUpTi aneka itihAsa granthoM se hotI hai| sikandara ne jaba aonesIkreTsa ko digambara muniyoM ke pAsa bhejA, umakA kahanA hai ki usane takSazilA meM 20 sTaiDIja dUrI para 15 vyaktiyoM ko vibhinna mudrAoM meM khar3e hue, baiThe hue yA leTe hue dekhA, jo bilkula nagna the| ve zAma taka ina AsanoM se nahI hilate the| zAma ke samaya zahara meM A jAte the| sUrya kA tApa sahanA sabase kaThina kArya hai| parantu AtApana yoga kA abhyAsa karane vAle munijana isako zAnti ke sAtha sahana karate the| pariSaha-sahiSNu bana kara hI munijana karmakSaya ke yogya Atma-zakti ko sacita karate the| -Plutarch-A.I-P.71 -(plUTArca, eMziyaiNTa iMDiyA pR071) prAcArya guNadhara-- jeNiha kasAyapAhuDamaNeya-NayamujjalaM aNaMtatthaM / gAhAhi vivariyaM taM guNahara-bhaTTArayaM vaMde / jayadhavalAyAM vIra senaH ve apane samaya ke viziSTa jJAnI vidvAn the| ve pAMcaveM jJAnapravAda pUrva sthita dazamavastu ke tIsare pejjadosa pAhuDa ke pAragAmI the| unhe pejjadosa pAhui ke atirikta mahAkammapayaDi pAhuDa kA bhI jJAna thaa| ukta pAhuDa se sambandha rakhane vAle vibhakti, bandha, saMkramaNa aura udaya udIraNA jaise pRthak adhikAra diye haiN| inakA mahAkamma payaDi pAhuDa ke cauvIsa anuyoga dvAroM se kramazaH chaThe, dazave aura bArahaveM anuyoga dvAroM se sambandha hai| mahAkarma prakRti pAhuDa vAM alpa bahutva anuyogadvAra bhI kasAya pAhuDa ke adhikAroM meM vyApta hai| isase spaSTa hai ki guNadhara mahAkarma prakRti ke bhI jJAtA the| inhoMne aMgajJAna kA dina-pratidina lopa hote dekhakara thataviccheda ke bhaya se aura pravacana vAtsalya se prerita hokara 180 gAthA mUtroM meM usakA upasahAra kiyA aura usa viSaya ko spaSTa karane ke lie 53 vivaraNa gAthAoM kA bhI nirmANa kiyaa| prataH 53 vivaraNa gAthAnoM sahita usakI saMkhyA 233 gAthAoM ke parimANa ko liye ho gaI / prastuta grantha kA nAma pejjadosa pAhuDa hai| pejja kA artha rAga aura dosa kA artha dveSa rAga-dvepa-moha kA vivecana karane ke liye karmoM kI vibhinna sthitiyoM kA citraNa kiyA gayA hai| rAga-dveSa krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobhAdika dopoM kI utpatti, sthiti, tajjanita karmabandha aura unake phalAnubhavana ke sAthasAtha una rAgAdi doSoM ko upazama karane-dabAne, unakI zakti ghaTAne, kSINa karane - prAtmA meM se unake astitva ko miTA dene, nRtana baMdha rokane aura pUrva meM saMcita kaSAya mala cakra ko kSINa karane-usakA rasa sukhAne-aura prAtmA ke zuddha evaM sahaja vimala prakaSAya bhAva ko prApta karane kA sundara vivecana kiyA gayA hai / moha karma prAtmA kA sabase prabala zatra hai, rAga-dveSAdika doSa moha karma kI hI paryAya hai| karma kisa sthiti meM aura kisa kAraNa se prAtmA ke sAtha sambandha ko prApta hote haiM, unake sambandha se prAtmA meM kaise sammizraNa hotA hai aura unameM kisa

Page #101
guNadhara 67 taraha phaladAna kI zakti utpanna hotI hai aura karma kitane samaya taka AtmA ke sAtha salagna rahate hai prAdi kA vistRta aura spaSTa vivecana kiyA gayA hai| grantha solaha adhikAroM meM vibhakta hai- 1. pejjadosa vibhakti - isa adhikAra meM saMsAra meM paribhramaNa kA kAraNa karma bandha vatalAyA hai aura usa karmabandha kA kAraNa hai rAga-dveSa / rAgadvepa kA hI dUsarA nAma kapAya hai| isake svarUpa aura bheda-prabhedoM kA isameM vistAra pUrvaka kathana kiyA gayA hai / 2. sthiti vibhakti - prathama adhikAra meM prakRti vibhakta, sthiti vibhakta Adi chaha avAntara adhikAra batalAye haiM / unameM prakRti vibhavita kA varNana prathama adhikAra meM diyA hai / aura karmaprakRti kA svarUpa, kAraNa evaM bheda-prabhedoM kA isameM varNana hai / 3. pranubhAga vibhakti - karmo kI phala-dAna-zakti kA pratipAdana isa adhikAra meM kiyA gayA hai| isameM pradeza, kSINAkSINa aura sthityantaka ye tIna avAntara adhikAra hai| 4. bandha adhikAra jIva ke mithyAtva avirati, pramAda, kapAya aura yoga ke nimitta me pudgala paramANuoM kA karmarUpa se pariNamana hokara jIva ke pradezoM ke sAtha ekakSetra rUpa me badhane ko baMdha kahate hai / isa adhikAra meM karmabandha kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| 5. saMkrama adhikAra-badhe hue karmo kA yathAsambhava apane avAntara bhedoM meM saMkrAnta yA parivartita hone ko saMkrama kahate haiM / bandha ke samAna makrama ke bhI cAra avAntara adhikAra hai| prakRti sakrama, sthiti saMkrama, anubhAga saMkrama aura pradeza saMkrama / 6, vedaka adhikAra mohanIya karma ke phalAnubhavana kA varNana isa adhikAra meM kiyA gayA hai / karma apanA phala udaya aura udIraNA se bhI dete hai| sthiti ke anusAra nizcita samaya para karma ke phala dene ko udaya kahate haiM / aura upAya vizeSa se amamaya meM hI nizcita samaya ke pUrva phala dene ko udIraNA kahate haiM / yathA- prAna kA samaya para paka kara svayaM giranA udaya hai, aura pakane se pUrva hI use tor3akara pAla Adi meM pakA denA udIraNA hai / udaya aura udIraNAkA aneka anuyoga dvAroM se vivecana kiyA gayA hai| 7. upayoga adhikAra - jIva ke krodha, mAna, mAyAdi rUpa pariNAmoM ke hone ko upayoga kahate haiM / isa adhikAra meM krodhAdi cAroM kapAyoM ke upayoga kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| aura batalAyA gayA hai ki eka jIva ke eka kapAya kA udaya kitane kAla taka rahatA hai / kapAya aura jIva ke sambandho kA vibhinna dRSTikoNoM se vivecana kiyA hai / 8. catuHsthAna adhikAra isa adhikAra meM zakti kI apekSA kapAyoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| krodha cAra prakAra kA hai- pApANa rekhA ke samAna / jisa taraha pASANa para khIcI gayI rekhA bahuta samaya ke bAda miTatI hai, usI prakAra jo krodha tIvra rUpa meM adhika samaya taka rahane vAlA ho, vaha pApANa rekhA ke tulya hai / yahI krodha kAlAntara meM zatrutA ke rUpa meM pariNata ho jAtA hai| pRthvI, dhUlI aura jala rekhAye uttarAttara kama samaya meM miTatI haiM / isa prakAra zodha bhI uttarotara kama samaya taka rahatA hai tathA usakI zakti meM bhI tAratamya nihita rahatA hai / usI taraha anya kapAya kA bhI nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / 6. vyaMjana adhikAra vyaMjana zabda kA artha 'paryAyavAcI zabdoM kA nirUpaNa karanA hai / isa adhikAra meM krodha ke paryAyavAcI ropa, prakSamA, kalaha, vivAda, kopa, saMjvalana, dveSa, bhaMbhA, vRddhi aura krodha ye daza zabda haiM / gussA ko krodha yA kopa kahate hai / krodha ke praveza ko roSa, zAnti ke prabhAva ko akSamA, sva auaura para donoM ko jalAvesantApa utpanna kare use sajvalana, dUsare se lar3ane ko kalaha, pApa, apayaza aura zatrutA kI vRddhi karane ko vRddhi; atyanta saMkleza pariNAma ko jhajhA, grAntarika prIti yA kalupatA ko dveSa, evaM spardhA yA saMgharSa ko vivAda kahA hai| mAna ke mAna, mada, darpa stambha aura paribhana zrAdi / mAyA ke mAyA, nikRti vaMcanA, sAtiyoga aura anujutA Adi, lobha ke lobha, rAga, nidAna prayaga, mUrcchA Adi / kapAya ke vividha nAmoM dvArA aneka jJAtavya bAtoM para yA prakAza par3atA hai /

Page #102
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 10. darzana mohopazamanA adhikAra- darzana mohanIya karma jIva ko apane svarUpa kA darzana, sAkSAtkAra yA yathArtha pratIti se rokatA hai / ataH usake upazama hone para kucha samaya ke liye usakI zakti ke daba jAne para jIva apane vAstavika jJAna darzana svarUpa kA anubhava karatA hai jisame use vacanAtIta mAnanda kI upalabdhi hotI hai / isa adhikAra meM darzanamoha ko upazama karane kI prakriyA varNita hai| 11. darzanamoha kSapaNA adhikAra - darzanamoha kA upazama hone para bhI kucha samaya ke pazcAt usakA udaya mAne se jIvAtmA zrAtmadarzana se vaMcita ho jAtA hai / Atma sAkSAtkAra sadA banA rahe, isake liye darzanamoha kA kSaya karanA Avazyaka hai | darzanamoha kI kSapaNA kA prArambha karmabhUmi meM utpanna manuSya hI kara sakatA hai kintu usako pUrNatA cAroM gatiyoM meM ho sakatI hai| prastuta pradhikAra meM darzanamoha ke kSaya karane kI prakriyA kA varNana hai / 68 12. saMyamAsaMyama labdhi adhikAra -- zrAtmasvarUpa ke sAkSAtkAra ke pazcAt jIva mithyAtva rUpI kIcar3a se nikala jAtA hai aura viSaya-vAsanA rUpI paMka meM punaH lipta na ho isa kAraNa deza saMyama kA pAlana karane lagatA hai / isa adhikAra meM deza saMyama kI prApti, sambhAvanA aura usakI vighna-bAdhAmoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| Atmazodhana ke mArga meM agrasara hone ke lie isa adhikAra kI upayogitA adhika hai / saMyamAsaMyamalabdhi ke kAraNa ho jIva vratAdi ke dhAraNa karane meM samartha hotA hai| 13. saMyamalabdhi adhikAra - prAtmA kI pravRtti hiMsA, asatya, caurya, prabrahma aura parigraha se haTa kara ahiMsA, satya Adi vratoM ke anuSThAna meM saMlagna ho ske| kyoMki grAtmotthAna kA sAdhana saMyama hI hai| isakA vivecana prastuta adhikAra meM kiyA gayA hai| 14. cAritra mohopazamanA adhikAra- isameM cAritramohanIya karma ke upazama kA vidhAna batalAte hue upazama, saMkramaNa aura udIraNAdi bheda-prabhedoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| 15. cAritra mohakSapaNA adhikAra - cAritra mohanIya karma kI pravRttiyoM kA kSaya krama, kSaya kI prakriyA meM hone vAle sthitibandha aura sabhI tattvoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| " isa kaSAya pAhuDa para prAcArya yativRSabha ne chaH hajAra zloka pramANa cUrNisUtroM kI racanA kii| jo kaSAya pAhuDa sutta ke sAtha vIra zAsana saMgha kalakattA se prakAzita ho cuke haiN| isa grantha para aura bhI aneka TIkAeM rahI haiM, kintu ve isa samaya upalabdha nahIM haiN| hA~, vIrasena jinasena dvArA likhita jayadhavalA TIkA prApta hai, jo zaka saMvat 756, san 837 meM racI gaI hai aura jisakA prakAzana bhA0 di0 jaina saMgha mathurA se ho rahA hai| samaya vicAra prAcAryapravara guNadhara ne apanI guru-paramparA kA koI ullekha nahIM diyA aura na grantha kA racanA kAla hI diyA hai| anya kisI paTTAvalI Adi se bhI guNadhara kI guru-paramparA kA bodha nahIM hotaa| grarhavalI yA guptigupta dvArA sthApita saMghoM meM eka saMgha kA nAma guNadhara saMgha hone se guNadhara kA samaya arhavalI se pUrvavartI hai, kyoMki prabalI ko guNadhara kI usa paramparA kA jJAna nahIM thaa| prAkRta paTTAvalI meM arhavalI kA samaya vIra - nirvANa saMvat 565 san 38 hai / dharasenAcArya to arhavalI ke samasAmayika haiM, kyoMki yuga pratikramaNa ke samaya do suyogya vidvAn sAdhuoM ko jo grahaNa-dhAraNa meM samartha the dharasena ke pAsa bhejA thA / yadi arhadbalI ko guNadhara kI guruparamparA kA jJAna hotA to ve apane ziSyoM se usakA ullekha avazya karate / adhika samaya bIta jAne ke kAraNa unakI paramparA kA jJAna nahIM rahA, para unake prati bahumAna avazya rahA / kintu guNadhara kI paramparA ko paryApta yaza arjana karane para hI 'guNadharasaMgha' saMjJA prApta huI hogii| yadi usa yaza arjana kA kAla sau varSa mAnA jAya to guNadhara kA samaya IsvI pUrva dvitIya zatAbdi siddha hotA hai / zrahaMdbalIinakA dUsarA nAma guptigupta bhI thA / " ye aMga pUrvo ke bAda hue haiN| ye pUrva deza meM sthita puNDravardhanapura ke nivAsI aura ekadezapAThI aura ArAtIya prAcAryoM ke aSTAMga mahAnimitta ke jJAtA, saMgha ke 1. zrImAnazeSanagnAyaka vandinAMghri zrIguptigupta iti vizruta nAmadheyAH // nandi saMgha paTTAvalI

Page #103
ahaMbalI nigraha anugraha karane meM samartha prAcArya the / / uma samaya puNDavardhana nagara ke jaina zramaNa bar3e tapasvI, vidvAna aura saMgha nAyaka ke rUpa meM prasiddha the| uma mamaya padha meM proka vidvAna tAmvo vidyamAna the, jo dhyAna aura adhyayana prAdi meM tatpara rahate the| inake mamaya taka mUla digambara paramparA meM prAyaH magha-bheda prakaTa rUpa meM nahI huyA thaa| usa samaya prAnghra deza meM sthita veNNA nadI ke kinAre base hA veNNA nagara meM pacavarSIya yuga pratikramaNa ke samaya eka bar3A yati sammelana hunA thA, jisameM so yojana taka ka muni gaNa sasagha sammilita hue the| usa samaya candraguhAnivAsI prAcArya dharamena ne apanI Ayu alpa jAna grantha-vyucchitti ke bhaya se eka patra brahmacArI ke hAtha ukta sammelana meM bhejA thA, jise par3ha kara prAcArya arhadbalI ne grahaNa dhAraNa meM samartha do muniyoM ko dharasenAcArya ke pAsa bhejA thA jo agrAyaNI pUrva sthita paMcama vastugata caturtha mahAkarma prakRti prAbhRtajJa the, aura vRddha tapasvo the / aga pUrvo kA eka deza jJAna unheM prAcArya paramparA se prApta huyA thaa| sambhavataH ahaMdavalI una muniyoM ke dIkSA-guru rahe hoN| prAcArya dharasena ne una donoM muniyoM ko zubha vAra aura zubha nakSatra meM grantha kA par3hAnA prArambha kiyA thaa| vividha saMghoM kI sthApanA prAcArya ahaMdavalI ne ukta sammelana meM samAgata sAdhuoM se-pUchA Apa saba loga A gye| taba unhoMne kahA-hama apane-apane sagha sahita A ge| una sAdhuoM kI bhAvanAoM se pakSapAta eva Agraha kI noti jAnakara, 'nandi', 'vIra', 'aparAjita', 'deva', 'paMcastUpa', 'sena', 'bhadra', 'guNadhara', 'gupta', 'siha' aura 'candra' Adi nAmo se bhinna-bhinna sagha sthApita kiye| jisase unameM ekatA tathA apanatva ko bhAvanA, dharmavAtsalya aura prabhAvanA kA abhivaddhi banI rahe / isase ahaMbalI muni-maMgha-pravartaka, kahe jAte hai| ve pacAcAra ke svaya pAlaka the| ahaMbalI se pUrva sambhavataH saMghoM ke vividha nAma nahIM the| vividha saghoM kI sthApanA arhadbalI ke samaya se huI hai| unase pUrva vaha jaina nirgrantha sagha ke nAma me vizruta thaa| prAkRta paTTAvalo ke anusAra inakA samaya vIra nirvANa saMvat 565 (vi0 saM0 65) IzvI san 38 haiN| aura yaha kAla 28 varSa batalAyA hai| __yahA~ yaha bAta khAsa tora me vicAraNIya hai ki prAcArya arhadvalI ko dharasena aura guNadhara kI guru paramparA kA jJAna na thA, kintu unake prati hRdaya meM bahumAna avazya thaa| sambhava hai, unakI kRti 'kamAyapAhaDa' usa samaya vidyamAna thii| imIme unhone 'guNadhara' nAma kA sagha bhI kAyama kiyA thaa| guNadhara kA samaya IsA kI prathama zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha jAna par3atA hai| tiloyapaNNattI aura dhavalAdi granthoM meM jo zruta paramparA dI hai, vaha lohArya taka hai| unameM arhabali, dharasena, mAghanandi aura puSpadanta bhUtabalI kA ullekha nahIM hai| inake anusAra inakA samaya lohArya ke vAda par3atA hai| - -- - - - - -- - -- - -- --- --- 1. garvAGga pUrva dezaka dezavitpUrva deza madhyagate / zrI puNDabardhanapure munirajani nato'haMbalyAkhyaH / / 85 ma catatprasAragaNA dhAraNA vizuddhAti satkiyo yuktaH / aSTAMga nimittajJaH maghAnugraha nigraha samartha: / / 86 -indranadi zratAvatAra Asta mavatmarapaJcakAvamAna yuga pratikramaNam / kurvanyojana zatamAtravati munijanasamAjasya // 87 atha so'yadA yugAnte kurvan bhagavAnyugapratikramaNam / / munijanavRndamapacchatki marve'pyAgatA yata: / / 88 -indranadi zrutAvatAra 3. kyoki zravaNa belagola ke zilAlekha 105 me puSpadanta aura bhUtabali ko spaSTa rUpa se mabhabhedakartA ahaMdavalI ke ziSya kahA hai| 4. indranandi thunAvatAra-61 zloka se 66 zloka taka ke padya-indranandi zrutAvatAra /

Page #104
70 jana dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa -bhAga 2 prAcArya dharasena pasiyau mahu dharaseNo pr-vaai-gmoh-daann-vrsiiho| siddhnaamiy-saayr-trNg-sNdhaay-dhoy-mnno|| muni paMgava dharasena saurASTra (gujarAta kAThiyAvAr3a) deza ke girinagara kI candraguphA ke nivAsI, aSTAMga mahAnimitta ke pAragAmI vidvAna the| unhe aga aura pUrvo kA ekadeza jJAna prAcArya paramparA se prApta huA thaa|' prAcArya dharasena agrAyaNI pUrva sthita pacama vastu gata caturtha mahAkarma prakRti prAbhRta ke jJAtA the| unhoMne pravacana vAtsalya se prerita ho aga-zruta ke viccheda ho jAne ke bhaya se kisI brahmacArI ke hAtha eka lekha dakSiNApatha ke prAcAryoM ke pAsa bhejaa| lekha meM likhe gae dharasenAcArya ke vacano ko bhalI bhaa| samajha kara unhoMne grahaNadhAraNa meM samartha, deza-kula jAti se zuddha aora nirmala vinaya se vibhUSita, samasta kalAoM meM pAragata do sAdhuoM ko prAnghra deza meM bahane vAlI veNA nadI ke taTa se bhejaa| mArga meM una donoM sAdhanoM ke pAte samaya, jo kunda ke puSpa, candramA aura gasa ke samAna sapheda varNa vAle haiM, samasta lakSaNoM se paripUrNa hai, jinhoMne prAcArya dharasena kI tIna pradakSiNA dI hai, aura jinake aga namrIbhUta hokara prAcArya ke caraNoM meM par3a gae hai aise do bailoM ko dharamena bhaTTAraka ne rAtri ke picha ne bhAga meM svapna meM dekhaa| isa prakAra ke svapna ko dekha kara santuSTa hA dharamenAcArya ne 'thata devatA jayavanta ho' aisA vAkya uccAraNa kiyaa| umI dina dakSiNA patha se bhaje hA dono sAdha dharasenAcArya ko prApta he| dharasenAcArya kI pAda vandanA Adi kRti karma karake tathA do dina bitA kara tIsare dina una donoM sAdhanoM ne dharasenAcArya se nivedana kiyA ki isa kArya me hama dono Apake pAdamUla ko prApta hA hai| una donoM sAdhano ke isa prakAra nivedana karane para 'acchA hai, kalyANa ho, isa prakAra kaha kara dharamenAcArya ne una donoM sAdhuoM ko AzvAsana diyaa| dharamenAcArya ne unakI parIkSA lI, eka ko adhikAkSarI aura dUsare ko honAkSarI vidyA batA kara unheM SaSThopavAsa me siddha karane ko khaa| jaba vidyA siddha haI to eka bar3e dAMtoM vAlI aura dUsarI kAnI devI ke rUpa meM prakaTa hii| unheM dekha kara catara sAdhakoM ne mantroM kI Ti ko jAnakara akSaroM kI kamI-vezI ko dUra kara sAdhanA kI to phira deviyA~ apane svAbhAvika rUpa meM prakaTa huii| ukta donoM muniyoM ne dharasena ke samakSa vidyA-siddhi sambandhI sava vRttAnta nivedana kiyA, taba dharamenAcArya ne kahA - bahuta acchaa| isa prakAra santuSTa hue dharamena bhaTTAraka ne gubha tithi, zubha nakSatra aura zubha vAra meM grantha kA bha kiyaa| dharamena kA adhyApana kArya prApADha mAsa ke zukla pakSa kI ekAdazI ke pUrvAha kAla meM samApta huA / ataeva santuSTa hue bhUta jAti ke vyantara devoM ne una donoM meM eka kI puppAvalI se tathA zakha aura tUrya jAti 1 nado moma vAgagardazo prAdapipagmagA pAgacchamAgo dhagmaMgAgyi sptto| -dhavalA0 pu0 110 67 / 2. moraTTha-vimA-giggiyara-paTTagA cadahA-ThiANa aTTaga-mahAnimina-pArA gA gatha-vochodo ho hadini jAta-bhAraNa pavayaNa-vacchalega dakvigAvahAriyAga mahimA miligANa leho pmido| lehAvya-dharamega-vayagagamavadhAgyi te hi vi Adagi hi ve mA gahagaga-dhAraNa-mamatyA dhavalAmalabahaviha-vigaga-bihamiyagA mIlamAlAhaga gura pera gAsaNatittA dema-kula-jAda-muddhA mayalakalA-pAgya nikvattA bucchyiAgyiA adha vimaya-vegagAyadAdo pemidaa| (dhavalA0 pu. 1 pR067) ujjite giri mihare dhagmeNo dharaH vaya-mamidigunI / cadaguhATa rigavAsI viyaha namu gamahu paya juyala / / 81 aggAyagIya gaNAma pacama vatyugada kmmpaahdyaa| paryAdidizraNa bhAgo jANani padesabadho vi / / 82 (zrata vadha brahmahemacandra) indra nandizrutAvatAra zloka 103, 104 (kha)

Page #105
mAghanandi 71 ke vAdyavizeSa ke nAda se bar3I bhArI pUjA kii| use dekha kara dharamena bhaTTAraka ne unakA bhUtabali nAma rakkhA / aura jinako bhUtoM ne pUjA ko prora agta vyasta dantapakti ko dUra kara unake dAMta mamAna kara diye, ataH dharasena bhaTTAraka ne dUsare kA nAma pUSpadanta rakkhA / pazcAta dUsare dina vahAM se una donoM ne guru kI AjJA se cala kara prakalezvara (gujarAta) meM vakAla bitaayaa|' dharasenAcArya ne donoM gipyoM ko isa kAraNa jaldI vApisa bheja diyA, jisase unheM guru ke divaMgata hone para duHkha na ho| kucha mamaya pazcAta unhoMne mAmya bhAva me zarIra kA parityAga kara diyaa| prAcArya dharasena kI ekamAtra kRti 'yoni pAhaDa' hai, jisameM mantra-tantrAdi zaktiyoM kA varNana hai| yaha grantha mere dekhane meM nahIM aayaa| kahA jAtA hai ki vaha risarca insTiTyUTa pUnA ke zAstra bhaNDAra meM mojada hai| mAghanandi siddhAntI-nandi saMgha ko paTTAvalI meM ahaMbalA ke bAda mAghanandi kA ullekha kiyA hai aura unakA kAla 21 varSa batalAyA hai| jambUdvIpa paNNatto ke kartA padmanandI ne mAghanandi kA ullekha karate hae batalAyA hai ki ve gaga-dvapa pora moha se rahita, zrutasAgara ke pAragAmI, matipragalbha, tapa aura sayama se sampanna, loka meM prasiddha the| zrutamAgara pAragAmI pada se una mAghanandi kA ullekha jJAta hotA hai jo siddhAntavedI the| inake sambandha meM eka kathAnaka bhI pracalita hai| kahA jAtA hai ki mAgharandi muni eka bAra caryA ke liye nagara meM gae the| vahA~ eka kumhAra kI kanyA ne inase prema pragaTa kiyA aura ve usI ke sAtha rahane lge| kAlAntara meM eka bAra saMgha meM kisI saiddhAntika vipaya para matabheda upasthita huA aura jaba kisI se usakA samAdhAna nahI ho sakA, taba saghanAyaka ne AjJA dI ki isakA samAdhAna mAghanandi ke pAsa jAkara kiyA jAya / ataeva sAdhu mAghanandi ke pAsa pahuMce aura jJAna kI vyavasthA maaNgii| taba mAghanandi ne pUchA 'kyA saMgha mujhe aba bhI yaha satkAra detA hai ? muniyoM ne uttara diyA-Apake zrutajJAna kA sadaiva prAdara hogaa|' yaha sunakara mAghanandi ko punaH vairAgya ho gayA aura ve apane surakSita rakhe hue pIchI kamaMDalu lekara saMgha meM A mile aura prAyazcita kiyaa| mAghanandi ne apane kumhAra jIvana ke samaya kacce ghar3oM para thApa dete samaya gAte hue eka aitihAsika stuti banAI thI, jo anekAnta meM prakAzita ho cukI hai| para vaha inhI mAdhanandi kI kRti hai, isake jAnane kA koI prAmANika sAdhana dekhane meM nahIM pAyA / zilA lekha naM0 126 meM binA kisI guru ziSya sambandha ke mAghanandi ko prasiddha siddhAntavedI kahA hai| yathA namo namrajanAnandasyandine mAghanandine / jagatprasiddha siddhAntavedine citprabhedine / mAghanandi nAma ke aura bhI saiddhAntika vidvAna hae haiN| para ve iname pazcAdvartI haiM, jinakA paricaya prAge diyA jaayegaa| prastuta mAghanandi ke ziSya 'jinacandra' batalAe gae haiN| para unakA koI paricaya upalabdha nahIM hotaa| puSpadanta aura bhUtabalI--ye donoM arhabalI ke ziSya the|" dakSiNa bhArata ke prAndhra deza ke veNAtaTa nagara meM yuga pratikramaNa ke samaya eka bar3A muni sammelana huA thaa| usa samaya saurASTra deza ke girinagara (vartamAna jUnAgar3ha) meM sthita candraguhA nivAsI prAcArya dharasena ne jo agrAyaNI pUrva ke paMcama vastu gata caturtha mahAkarma prakRti prAbhUta ke 1. puNo taddivase ceva pemidA maMto 'guru-vayaraNa malaMdhagijja' icitiUNAgadehi aMkulemara vagmiAkAlo ko| jogaM samANIya jiNavAliya daTThaNa pupphayaMtAigyio vaNavAsa-visaya gdo| bhUdabali-bhaDAro vi damiladesaM gdo| 2. 'joNi pAhuDe bhaNida-maMta-taMta sattIyo poggalANabhAgo tti dhetavvo' -anekAnta varSa 2 julAI 3. yaH puSpadantena ca bhUtabalyAkhyenApi ziSyadvitIyena reje| phala pradAnAya jagajjananAM prApto'GgabhyAmiva kalpabhUjaH / / -jaina zilAlekha saM0 bhA0 1 lekha 105

Page #106
72 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 jJAtA the| ve usa samaya ke sAdhanoM meM bahuzruta vidvAna tathA aSTAMga mahAnimitta ke jJAtA the| unhoMne pravacana vAtsalya evaM zrutaviccheda ke bhaya se eka lekhapatra veNyAtaTa nagara ke muni sammelana meM dakSiNA patha ke prAcAryoM ke pAsa bhejaa| jisame deza, kula, jAti se vizuddha, zabda artha ke grahaNa-dhAraNa meM samartha, vinayI do vidvAna sAdhuoM ko bhejane kI preraNA kI gyii| saMgha ne patra par3hakara do yogya sAdhanoM ko unake pAsa bhejaa|' isa sammelana meM hI sarvaprathama nirgrantha digambara sagha meM nandi, sena, siha, bhadra, gaNadhara, paMcastRpa Adi upasagha utpanna hae the| aura unake kartA arhadabalI the| yaha sammelana sabhavataH san 66 I0 pU0 meM hayA thaa| una vidvAnoM ke Ane para prAcArya dharamena ne unakI parIkSA kara 'mahA karma prakRti prAbhRta' nAma ke grantha ko zubha tithi zubha nakSatra aura zubha vAra meM par3hAnA prArambha kiyA ara use krama se vyAkhyAna karate hue ASAr3ha mahIne ke zukla pakSa kI ekAdazI ke pUrvAha kAla meM samApta kiyaa| vinayapUrvaka grantha samApta hone se santuSTa hue bhUta jAti ke vyatara devoM ne una donoM meM se eka kI pUppAvalI tathA gakha aura tarya jAti ke vAdya vizepa ke nAda se vyApta bar3I pUjA kii| use dekhakara prAcArya dharasena ne unakA bhUtabali nAma rakkhA / aura dUsare kI asta-vyasta danta paMkti ko dUra kiyA, ataeva unakA nAma puSpadanta gvA / ye donoM hI vidvAna guru kI AjJA se calakara unhoMne akalezvara (gujarAta) meM varSA kAla bitaayaa| varSA yoga ko samApta kara aura jinapAlita ko lekara puSpadanta to usake sAtha vanavAsa deza ko gye| aura bhUtabali bhaTTAraka mila deza ko cale ge| padacAt puSpadantAcArya ne jinapAlata ko dIkSA dekara va sa prapaNA gabhita satprarUpaNA ke sUtra banAkara aura jinapAlita ko paDhAkara, pazcAt unhe bhUtabali prAcArya ke pAsa bhejaa| unhoMne jinapAlita ke pAsa vIsaprarUpaNAntargata satprarUpaNA ke sUtra dekhe aura pApadanta ko atpAyU jAnakAra mahAkarma prakRti prAbhRta ke viccheda hone ke bhaya se dravya pramANAnugama se lekara jIvasthAna, kSudraka bandha, bandha svAmitvavicaya, vedanA, vargaNA aura mahAvandha rUpa SaT khaNDAgama kI racanA kii| ye donoM hI AcArya rAga-dvepa-moha me rahita ho jina vANI ke pracAra meM lage rhe| indranandi aura brahma hemacandra ke zru tAvasAra se jJAta hotA hai ki jaba SaTkhaNDAgama kI racanA pUrNa huI, taba cartu vidha magha sahita puSpadanta bhUtabali prAcArya ne jyeSTha zuklA paMcamI ko grathagaja kI bar3I bhaktipUrvaka pUjA kii| usI samaya se zrutapaMcamI parva loka meM pracalita huaa| SaTa khaNDAgama kI mahattA isaliye bhI hai ki usakA sIdhA sambandha dvAdazAMga vANI se hai| kyoMki agrAyaNI pUrva ke pAMcave adhikAra ke caturtha daratu prAta kA nAma mahAka maprakRti prAbhata hai, usase paTa khaNDAgama kI racanA huI hai| jaisA ki dhavalA pustaka 6 pRSTha 134 ke nimna vAkyoM se prakaTa hai :-aggeNiyassa pUvamsa paMcamamsa vatthussa cauttho pAhaDo kamma payar3INAma / ataeva dvAdazAMga vANI se usakA sambandha spaSTa hI hai| SaT khaNDAgama paricaya 1 jIvasthAna meM guNasthAna aura mArgaNA sthAnoM kA prAzraya lekara sat, sakhyA, kSetra, sparzana, kAla, antara, - - 1. sITa vimayagirigaNayara, paTTagaNa-cadagRhA-TTiegaga mahANimittapAgANa gatha-vocchedo ho ditti jAta bhaegA pavayaNa baccha. legA dakSiNAvahAigyiANa mahimAe miliyANa leho pesido| lahaTTiya-dharamegA bayagagamavadhAgyi tehi vi Aigihi ve sAha gaharAga-dhAramA mamatthA dhavalAmala-bahuvihaviraNaya vimiyagA mIlamAlAhaga gurupesagAsaNanittA dema kula jATa mudvA mAlakalA pAgyA nikkhunAcchayAigyiA andhavimayaveNAyaDAdo pemidA / -dhava0 pu01 pR067 bhUdabali bhayava dA jiNavAlida pAme diTThavImadi muttega appAuo ki avagaya jiggA vAlideraNa mahAkammapayaDi pAhuimsa vocchedo hohaditi samuppaNNa-buddhi gagA puraNo davvapamAgagANugamAdi kAUNa gathagcagaNI kdaa| -dhavalA0 pustaka 1 pR0 71 3. jyeSTha mitapakSa paJcamyA caturvarNyamaghamamavetaH / tatpustakopakaraNaLadhAt kriyA pUrvaka pUjAm / zratapaMcamIti tena prakhyAti tithigyiM pagamApa / adyApi yena tasyAM zrutapUjA kurvate janAH / / iMdra0 zru0143, 144 / brahmahemacandra zrutamkandha gA0 86, 87

Page #107
puSpadanna aura bhUnabali bhAva aura alpa bahutva ina pATha anuyogadvAro me se tathA prakRti samutkIrtana, sthAna samutkIrtana, tIna mahAdaNDaka, jadhanya sthiti, utkRSTa sthiti, samyaktvotpatti pro ra gati prAgati ina no cUlikAo dvArA saMsArI jIva kI vividha avasthAnoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| khuddAbandha- isa dvitIyakhaNDa me bandhaka jIvo kI prarUpaNA svAmitvAdi gyAraha anuyogo dvArA gati Adi mArgaNA sthAno meM kI gaI hai aura anta me gyAraha anuyoga dvArA cUlikA rUpa 'mahAdaNDaka' diyA gayA hai| bandha svAmitva-nAmaka tRtIya khaNDa me bandha ke svAmiyo kA vicAra hone ne isa kA nAma bandha svAmitva diyA gayA hai / isane guNasthAno aura mArgaNA sthAnoM ke dvAga sabhI karma prakRtiyo ke bandhaka svAmiyoM kA vistAra se vicAra kiyA gayA hai| kima jIva ke kitanA prakRtiyo kA badha kahA taka hotA hai, kimake nahI hotA hai, kitanI prakRtiyA~ kima-kima guNasthAna meM vyUcchinna hotI he, svodaya bandha rUpa kRtiyA~ kitanI hai ora parodaya bandha rUpa kitanI hai| ityAdi karma sambandhI vipayo kA bandhaka jIva kI apekSA meM kathana kiyA gayA hai| vedanA-mahAkarma prakRti prAbhRta ke 24 anuyogadvArA me me jina chaha anuyogadvAro kA kathana bhUtabali AcArya ne kiyA hai usama pahala kA nAma kati aura dRmare kA nAma vedanA hai| vedanA kA isa khaNDa meM vistAra se vivecana kiyA gayA hai| vargaNA - ima vargaNA khaNDa meM sparza karma aura prati anuyoga dvAro ke sAtha chaThe bandhana anayoga dvAra ke antargata bandhanIya kA avalambana kara pudgala vargaNAo kA kathana kiyA gayA hai, isa kAraNa isa diyA hai| ina pA~ca khaDo ke atirikta bhUtabali AcArya ne mahAbandha nAma ke chaThavaM khaNDa meM prakRti bandha, sthitibaMdha anubhAga baMdha aura pradezavadha rUpa cAra prakAra ke badha ke vidhAna kA vistAra ke sAtha kathana kiyA hai jisakA pramANa brahma hemacanda ne cAlIsa hajAra zloka pramANa batalAyA hai| aura pAMca khaNDo kA pramANa chaha hajAra zloka pramANa satra grantha hai| paTa khaNTAgama mahatvapUrNa prAgama grantha hai| usakA uttaravartI granthakAro aura granthoM para prabhAva akita hai / sarvArthasiddhi aura tattvArthavAtikAdi grantho me usakA anukaraNa dekhA jAtA hai| puSpadanta bhUtabali kauna the? nahavANa, nahapAna aura naravAhana Adi nAma milate hai| nahapAna vamideza meM sthita vasundharA nagarI kA kSaharAta vaza kA prasiddha zAsaka thaa| isakI rAnI kA nAma sarUpA thaa| nahapAna apane samaya kA eka vIra ora parAkramI zAsaka thA aura vaha dharmaniSTha tathA prajA kA sapAlaka thaa| nahapAna ke apane tathA jAmAtA uSabhadatta yA Rpabhadatta aura matro ayama ke aneka zilAlekha milate hai, jo varSa 41 me 46 taka ke hai| nahapAna ke rAjya para IsvI san 61 ke lagabhaga gotamI putra zAtakarNI ne bhRgukaccha para AkramaNa kiyA thaa| ghora yuddha ke bAda nahapAna pagajita ho gayA aura yuddha meM usakA sarvasva vinaSTa ho gyaa| usane sadhi kara lii| - - - - - - - 1-junAra ke abhilekha meM nahAna kI antima tithi 46 kA ullekha hai / yaha zaka mavat kI tithi hai| isame spaSTa hai ki vaha zaka sa046-78 -124 ImbI meM gajya karatA thaa| make bAda usake rAjya para gautama putra zAtakarNI ne ghora yuddha ke bAda adhikAra kara liyA thaa| zAtakarNI kA eka lekha upake gajya ke 18ve va vA minA hai| yaha 106 ImvI ke lagabhaga sihAsana para baiThA hogaa| dUmaga lekha nAmika ma 24ve varSa kA milA hai| -dekho, prAcIna bhArata pA gajanItika tathA mAskRtika itihAsa 10 526 nAmika ke do abhilekho se spaSTa hai ki umane (gautamI putra gAtakarNI ne) chahagatavaza ko pagajita kara apane vaza kA rAjya sthApita kiyA thaa| jo gala pambhI-mudrAbhANDa-me bhI isa kapana kI puSTi hotI hai| isa bhANDa me teraha hajAra mudrAe hai jina para nahapAna aura gautamI putra dono ke nAma akita hai| imame spATa he ki nahapAna ko parAjita karane ke pazcAt usane usakI mudrAo para apanA nAma akita karane ke bAda phira se unhe prasArita kiyaa| -dekho prAcIna bhArata kA rAjanaitika tathA sAMskRtika itihAsa pa0527 ja

Page #108
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 sAtavAhana ne isa vijaya ke upalakSya meM nahapAna ke sikkoM ko prApta kara aura una para apane nAma kI muhara aMkita kara rAjya meM cAlU kiyaa| vaha usa samaya vahA~ zrAyA huA thA / usameM nahapAna ne apane mitra magadha nareza ko muni rUpa meM dekhakara aura unake upadeza se prerita ho apane jamAtA RSabhadatta ko rAjyabhAra sauMpa kara apane rAjya zreSThi subuddhi ke sAtha muni dIkSA le lii| ina donoM sAdhunoM ne saMgha meM rahakara tapazcaraNa tathA AvazyakAdi kriyAoM ke atirikta dhyAna adhyayana dvArA jJAna kA acchA arjana kiyA, yaha atyanta vinayI vidvAna aura grahaNa dhAraNa meM samartha the / ina donoM sAdhutroM ko prAcArya dharasena ke pAsa giri nagara bhejA gayA thA / AcArya dharasena ne inakI parIkSA kara mahAkarmaprakRti prAbhRti par3hAyA thA / inameM eka kA nAma bhUtabali aura dUsare kA nAma puSpadanta rakkhA gayA thA / unakA dIkSA nAma kyA thA, isakA koI ullekha nahIM milatA / 74 naravAhana yA nahapAna rAjA bhUtibali huA / aura rAjazreSThi subuddhi puSpadanta ke nAma se khyAta hue / bibudha zrIdhara ke zrutAvatAra meM inakA ullekha hai / aura naravAhana ko bhUtabali praura subuddhi seTha ko puSpadanta batalAyA gayA hai / kundakundAcAya bhAratIya jaina zramaNa paramparA meM munipuMgava kundakundAcArya kA nAma khAsataura se ullekhanIya hai / ve usa paramparA ke pravartaka prAcArya nahIM the / kintu unhoMne AdhyAtmika yoga zakti kA vikAsa kara adhyAtmavidyA kI usa avacchinna dhArA ko janma diyA thaa| jisakI niSThA evaM anubhUti AtmAnanda kI janaka thI aura jisake kAraNa bhAratIya zramaNaparamparA kA yaza loka meM vizruta huA thA / zramaNa-kula-kamala- divAkara prAcArya kundakunda jaina saMgha paramparA ke pradhAna vidvAna evaM maharSi the / ve bar3e bhArI tapasvI the / kSamAzIla aura jainAgama ke rahasya ke viziSTa jJAtA the / ve muni puMgava ratnatraya se viziSTa maura saMyama niSTha the / unakI zrAtma-sAdhanA kaThora hote hue bhI duHkha nivRtti rUpa sukhamArga kI nidarzaka thii| ve zrahaMkAra mamakAra rUpa kalmaSa-bhAvanA se rahita to the hii| sAtha hI, unakA vyaktitva asAdhAraNa thA / unakI prazAnta evaM yathAjAta mudrA tathA saumya prAkRti dekhane se parama zAnti kA anubhava hotA thA / ve zrAtma-sAdhanA meM kabhI pramAdI nahIM hote the / kintu mokSamArga kI ve sAkSAt pratimUrti the / vAstava meM kundakunda zramaNa RSiyoM meM agraNI the / yahI kAraNa hai ki - 'maMgalaM bhagavAna vIro' ityAdi padya meM nihita 'maMgalaM kundakundAryo' vAkya ke dvArA maMgala kAryoM meM ApakA pratidina smaraNa kiyA jAtA hai / kundakunda kA dIkSA nAma padmanandI thA' / ve kauNDakuNDapura ke nivAsI the 2 / guNTakala relave sTezana se dakSiNa kI ora lagabhaga cAra mIla para kauNDa kuNDala nAma kA sthAna hai, jo anantapura jile ke guTI tAluke meM sthita hai / zilAlekha meM usakA prAcIna nAma 'kauNDakunde' milatA hai| yahA~ ke nivAsI ise prAja bhI kauNDakundi kahate haiM / saMbhava hai kundakunda kA yahI janma sthAna rahA ho / ataH usa sthAna kAraNa unako prasiddhi kauNDakundAcArya ke nAma se huI thI / jo bAda meM kundakunda isa zruti madhura nAma meM pariNata ho gayA thaa| aura unakA saMgha mUlasaMgha aura 'kundakundAcArya' ke nAma se loka meM prasiddhi ko prApta huA / aura grAja bhI vaha usI nAma se pracAra meM bhA rahA hai / 1. tasyAnvaye bhUvidite babhUva yaH padmanandiprathamAbhidhAnaH / zrIkoNDakundAdi munIzvarAkhyassaMyamAdudagata cAragaddhi // (ka) zrI padmanandItyanavadya nAmA hyAcArya zabdottarakoNDakundaH || 2. dekho iMdranandi zrutAvatAra jainijma ina sAutha iMDiyA 3. - jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 1 pR0 24 - jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 1 pR0 34

Page #109
kundakundAcArya 75 ve mUlasaMgha ke dvitIya netA the / yadyapi unhoMne apanI racanAoM meM apane saMgha kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyA / kintu uttaravartI prAcAryo ne apanI guru paramparA ke rUpa meM yA anya prakAra se unakI pavitra kRtiyoM kI maulikatA ke kAraNa yA apane saMgha ko 'mUlasaMgha' zraura apanI paramparA ko 'kundakundAnvaya' sUcita kiyA hai| ve aisA karane meM apanA gaurava samajhate the / kyoMki AcArya kundakunda ne bhagavAna jinendra dvArA upadiSTa samIcIna mArga kA anupama upadeza diyA thA / sAtha hI, use apane jIvana meM utArakara bharata kSetra meM zruta kI pratiSThA kI thI / unhoMne AtmAnubhUti ke dvArA kevaliyoM dvArA pradarzita grAtmamArga kA udbhAvana kiyA thA, jise janatA bhUla rahI thI / yahI kAraNa hai ki AcArya kundakunda digambara jaina zramaNoM meM pradhAna the / ApakI prAdhyAtmika kRtiyAM apanI sAnI nahIM rakhatIM aura ve digambara zvetAmbara donoM hI sampradAyoM meM samAna rUpa se AdaraNIya mAnI jAtI haiM / unakI AtmA kitanI vimala thI, aura unhoMne kalmaSa pariNati para kisa prakAra vijaya pAI thI, yaha unake tapasvI jIvana se sahaja hI jJAta ho jAtA hai / aTala niyama pAlaka muni puMgava kundakunda jaina the aura anazanAdi bAraha prakAra ke pravacanasAra meM jaina zramaNoM ke mUlaguNa zramaNa paramparA ke liye AvazyakIya mUlaguNa aura uttara guNoM kA pAlana karate antarbAhya tapoM kA anuSThAna karate hue tapasviyoM meM pradhAna maharSi the / unhoMne isa prakAra batalAye haiM vada samididiyarodho locAvassaya macelamaNhANaM / khidirAyaNamadaMtavaNaM ThidibhoyaNa-megabhataM ca // evaM khalu mUlaguNA samaNArAM jiNavarehiM paSNasaM / tesu pamatto samaNo chedovadvAvago hodi / ( 3-7-8 ) pAMca mahAvrata, pAMca samiti, pAMcaindriyoM kA nirodha, kezaloMca, paT Avazyaka kriyAeM, acelakya (nagnatA ) asnAna, kSitizayana, zradanta-dhAvana, sthiti bhojana aura eka bhukti ( ekAsana) ye jaina zramaNoM meM aTThAIsa mUlaguNa jinendra bhagavAna ne kahe haiN| jo sAdhu unake AcaraNa meM pramAdI hAtA hai vaha chedopasthApaka kahalAtA hai / " grAmoM nagaroM meM sasaMgha bhramaNa ve yathAjAta rUpadhArI mahAzramaNa aneka grAmoM, nagaroM meM samaMdha bhramaNa karate the, aura aneka rAjAoM, mahArAjAoM, mahAtmAoM, rAjathaM STiyoM, zrAvaka-zrAvikAoM aura muniyoM ke samUha me sadA abhivandita the, parantu unakA kisI para anurAga aura kisI para vidveSa na thA / vikArI kAraNoM ke rahane para bhI unakA citta kabhI vikRta nahIM hotA thA, ve samadarzI zramaNa jaba gupti rUpa pravRtti meM asamartha ho jAte the, taba samiti meM sAvadhAnI se pravRtta hote the / kyoMki usa samaya bhI ve apane upayoga kI sthiratA ke kAraNa zuddhopayoga rUpa saMyama ke saMrakSaka the, isaliye samiti rUpa pravRtti meM sAvadhAna sAdhu ke bAhya meM kadAcit kisI dUsare jIva kA ghAta ho jAne para bhI vaha pramattayoga ke prabhAva meM hiMsaka nahIM kahalAtA, kyoMki zubhopayoga pravRtti sayama kA ghAta karane vAlI antaraMga hiMsA hI hai, usase hI bandha hotA hai, korI dravyahasA hisA nahI kahalAtI, kintu prayatnAcAra rUpa pravRtti karane vAlA sAdhu rAgAdi bhAva ke kAraNa SaTakAya ke jIvoM kA virAdhaka hotA hai / parantu jo apanI pravRtti meM sAvadhAna haiM- rAgAdibhAva se unakI pravRtti anuraMjita nahIM hai, taba usakI halana calanAdi kriyAoM se jIva kI virAdhanA hone para bhI vaha hiMsaka nahIM kahalAtA - vaha jala meM kamala kI taraha usa karmabandhana se nirlepa rahatA hai- zuddhopayoga rUpa ahiMsaka bhAvanA ke bala 1. vandyo vanunuvina kairiha kauNDakundaH kundaprabhApragyi - kIrti vibhUSitAzaH / yazcAru cAraNa-karAmbuja caJcarIkazcakre zrutasya bharate prayataH pratiSThAm // -- jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 1 pR0 102 2. yahI mUlaguNa mUlAcAra me bhI batalAe gae hai| jo loka meM AcAraMga rUpa meM prasiddha hai /

Page #110
76 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 se usakA antaHkaraNa vimala eva sarvathA akSaNNa banA rahatA hai| ___ isa taraha mahAmuni kundakunda nagara se bAhya udyAno, durgama aTaviyoM, saghana vanoM, taru koTaroM, nadI pulinoM giri zikharoM, pArvatIya kandarAnI meM tathA zmazAna bhUmiyo (maraghaTo) meM nivAsa karate the| jahAM aneka hiMsaka jAti-virodhI jIvoM kA nivAsa rahatA thaa| zIta uSNa DAMsa, macchara Adi kI aneka asahya vedanAmoM ko sahate hue cidAnanda svarUpa se jarA bhI vicalita nahIM hote the / Avazyaka kriyAoM meM pravRtta hote hue bhI ve mahAmuni apane jJAna darzana cAritra rUpa Atma-guNI meM sthira rahane ke liye ekAnta prAzuka sthAnoM meM Atma samAdhi ke dvArA usa nijAnanda rUpa paramapIyUSa kA pAna karate hue prAtma-vibhora ho uThate the| parantu jaba samAdhi ko chor3akara sasArastha jIvoM ke du:khoM ora unakI ucca nIca pravRttiyoM kA vicAra karate, usI samaya unake hRdaya meM eka prakAra kI TIsa eva vedanA utpanna hotI thI, athavA dayA kA srota bAhara nikalatA thaa| cAraNa Rddhi aura videha gamana isa taraha samyaka tapa ke anuSThAna se AcArya kundakunda ko cAraNa Rddhi kI prApti ho gaI thI jisake phalasvarUpa ve pRthvI se cAra pragula Upara antarikSa meM calA karate the| prAcArya devasena ke 'darzanasAra' se mAlUma hotA hai ki prAcArya kundakunda videha kSetra meM sImadhara svAmI ke savAraNa meM gae the aura vahAM jAkara unhoMne divya dhvani dvArA Atmatatva rUpI sudhArasa kA sAkSAta pAna kiyA thaa| aura vahAM se lauTakara unhoMne munijanoM ke hita kA mArga batalAyA thaa| " zravaNa belagolA ke zilAlekhoM meM to yaha bhI jJAta hotA hai ki unhoMne caraNaRddhi kI prApti ke sAtha, bharata kSetra meM zratakI pratiSThA kI thI-unhoMne use samunnata banAyA thaa| isameM koI sandeha nahI ki jaba tapazcaraNa kI mahattA se prAtmA se nigaDa karma kA bandhana bhI naSTa ho jAtA hai taba usake prabhAva se yadi unheM cAraNaRddhi prApta ho gaI to isameM prAzcarya kI koI bAta nahIM hai| kyoMki kundakunda mahAmunirAja the, ata: una jaise prasAdhAraNa pati ke sambandha meM jisa ghaTanA kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai umameM sandeha kA koI kAraNa nahIM hai| aura devasenAcArya ke ullekha se itanA to spaSTa hI hai ki vikrama sa0 660 meM unake sambandha meM ukta ghaTanA pracalita thii| adhyAtmavAda aura prAtmA kA traividhya adhyAtmavAda vaha nirvikalpa rasAyana hai / jisake sevana athavA pAna se AtmA apane svAnubhavarUpa Atmaraja meM lIna ho jAtA hai, aura jo Atma sudhArasa kI nirmala dhArA kA janaka hai| jisakI prApti se AtmA usa AtmA nanda meM nimagna ho jAtA hai, jisake liye vaha cirakAla se utkaTita ho rahA thaa| prAcArya kundakunda ne prAtmAnubhava kI usa vimala saritA meM nimagna hokara bhI, sasArI jIvoM kI usa Atmarasa zUnya anAtmarUpa mithyA pariNati kA 1. muNNahare nA hi? ujjAge taha gamAga vAme vaa| giri-gRha girimihare vA bhImavaNe ahava vamine vA / / -bodha prAbhUta rajAbhirapaSTatamatvamannarbAhya 'pi mavyaMjayitu yatIgaH / gja: pada bhUmitala vihAya cacAra manye caturagula saH / / -zravaNa belagola legya naM0 105 3. jaha umagaMdigAho mImadhagmAmi-divyagaNAgaNeraNa / gA vi bohA no mamagNA kahaM mumagga payANati / / -darzanamAra 4. vaMdyo vi numuM vi na kairiha kauNDakundaH kundaprabhA prarNAyakIrti vibhUSitAzaH / yazcAruccAraNa-karAmbujacaMcarIkacake zrutamya bhagte prayataH pratiSThAmaH / / -zravaNa lekha naM0 54

Page #111
kundakundAcArya parijJAna kiyaa| sAtha hI, cAha-dAharUpa-duHkha-dAvAnala me jhalamita prAtmA kA avalokana kara unakA citta parama karuNA se prArdra ho gayA aura unake samuddhAra kI kalyANakArI pAvana bhAgA ne jora pakaDA / mata. unhoMne gva para ke bheda vijJAnarUpa AtmAnubhava ke bala meM uma Atmatatva kA rahasya samajhAne eva prAtma-svarUpa kA bodha karAne ke liye 'sAratraya' jaisI mahatvapUrNa kRtiyoM kA nirmANa kiyaa| aura unameM jIva pAra ajIva ke mayoga sambandha meM hone vAlI vividha pariNatiyo kA-karmAdaya se prApta vicitra avasthAno kA - ulnemva kiyA aura batalAyA ki: - he Atman ! para dravya ke sayoga se hone vAlo pariNatiyA terI nahI hai / pora na tU unakA kartA hartA hai| ye sava rAga-dvepa-moha rUpa vibhAva pariNati kA phala hai| terA svabhAva jJAtA draSTA hai, para me Atma kalpanA karanA terA svabhAva nahIM hai / ta saccidAnanda hai, apane usa nijAnanda svarUpa kA bhoktA bana, usa Atma svarUpa kA bhAktA banana ke liye tujhe apane svarUpa kA parijJAna honA Avazyaka hai| tabhI terA anAdi kAlIna mithyA vAsanA meM chuTakArA ho sakatA hai| isa prAtmA kI tIna avasthAe athavA pariNatiyA hai bahirAtmA, antarAtmA aura paramAtmA / iname meM yaha prAtmA prathama avasthA meM itanA rogI ho gayA hai ki yaha anAdise apanI jJAna darzanAdimpa yAtmanidhi kA bhUla rahA hai aura acetana (jar3a) zarIrAdi para vasnumA meM apane prAtmambampa kI kalpanA karatA huA caturganirUpa maMsAra meM paribhramaNakara asahya eva ghora vedanA kA anubhava kara rahA hai, vaha duHkha nahIM mahA jAtA, kintu apane dvAga upAjita karma kA phala bhoge binA nahI chaTa makatA, isIse use vilApa karatA huA sahatA hai / jIva kI yaha prathama avasthA hI sasAra duHkha kI janaka hai, yahI vaha ajJAna dhArA hai jisase chaTakAga milate hI grAnmA apane svarUpa kA anubhava karane meM samartha ho jAtA hai| prAtmA kI yaha dUsarI avasthA hai jige antarAtmA kahate hai, vaha jAtmajJAnI hotA haiuse sva svarUpa aura pararUpa kA anubhava hotA hai / vaha sva-para ke bheda-vijJAna dvArA bhRlI haI uma prAtma-nidhi kA darzana pAkara nirmala Atma-mamAdhi ke rasa meM tanmaya ho jAtA hai Ara madadRSTi ke vimala prakAza dvArA mokSamArga kA pathika bana jAtA hai, aura antima paramAtma avasthA kI sAdhanA meM tanmaya huA avasara pAkara usa karma-zRkhalA ko naSTa kara detA hai- prAtma-samAdhi rUpa citta kI ekAgra pariNati svarUpa dhyAnAgni se use bharamakara apanI ananta catuSTayarUpa mAtmanidhi ko pA letA hai| prAcArya kundakunda kI dena prAcArya kundakunda ne jisa AtmA ke vaividhya kI kalpanA ko hai aura usake svarUpa kA nidarzana karate hue usakI mahattA eva usake antima lakSya prApti kI jo sUcanA kI hai usake anusAra pravRtti karane vAlA vyakti apane carama lakSya ko prApta karane meM samartha ho jAtA hai| prAcArya kundakunda kI usa dena ko unake vAda ke prAcAryA ne apane-apane grantho meM prAtmA ke vaividhya kI carcA kI hai aura bahirAtma avasthA ko chor3akara tathA antarAtmA banakara paramAtma avasthA ke sAdhana kA ullekha kiyA hai| isa taraha bhAratIya zramaNa paramparA ne bhArata ko usa adhyAtma vidyA kA anupama Ardaza diyA hai| isIme zramaNa paramparA kI aneka mahatvapUrNa bAte vaidika paramparA ke grantho meM pAI jAtI hai| aura vaidika paramparA kI aneka rUDhi sammata bAte zramaNa paramparA ke prAcAra-vicAra meM samAI haI dRSTigocara hotI hai| kyoki donoM saskRtiyoM ke samasAmAyika hone ke nAte eka dUsarI paramparA ke prAcAra-vicAro kA paraspara meM AdAna-pradAna huaA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki prAcArya kundakunda ke prAyaH samAna athavA usase milate julate rUpa meM prAtmA ke vaividhya kI kalpanA kA vaha rUpa kaThopaniSada ke nimna padya meM pAyA jAtA hai jisameM AtmA ke jJAnAtmA mahadAtmA aura zAtAtmA ye, tIna bheda kiye gaye hai| yacchedvAHDa. manasI prAjastadyacchejjJAnamAtmani / jJAnamAtmani mahati niyacche tadyacchecchAnta prAtmani / /

Page #112
78 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 chAndayoga upaniSada meM jo prAtma-bhedoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai / usake AdhAra para DAyasana ne bhI prAtmA ke tIna bheda kiye haiN| zarIrAtmA, jIvAtmA aura prmaatmaa| isa taraha yaha prAtma traividhya kI carcA apanI mahattA ko liye hue hai| racanAe~ prAcArya kundakunda kI nimna kRtiya upalabdha haiN| pacAstikAya prAbhRta, samayasAra prAbhRta, pravacanasAra prAbhUta, niyamasAra, aSTapAhuDa- (dasaNapAhuDa, caritta pAhuDa, sutta pAhuDa, bodha pAhuDa, bhAva pAhui, mokva pAhuDa, sIla pAhuDa, liGga pAhuDa)- vArasa aNuvekkhA aura bhttisNgho| ina racanAoM ko do bhAgoM meM bAMTA jA sakatA hai| prathama bhAga meM paMcAstikAya, pravacanasAra, niyamasAra, aura samayasAra Ate haiM / aura dUsare bhAga meM anya aSTa prAbhRta prAdi / ___ inameM prathama bhAga kundakundAcArya ke jainatattvajJAna-viSayaka praur3ha pANDitya ko liye hue haiN| aura dUsarA bhAga sarala evaM upadeza pradhAna, AcAra mUlaka tattva cintana kI dhArA ko liye hA hai| kundakundAcArya kI zailI gambhIra aura sarasa hai, kintu vipaya kA pratipAdana saralatA se kiyA hai| vyavahAra ora nizcaya ma.kSamArga kA kathana karate hue donoM kA sAmaMjasya baiThAyA hai| sva samaya para samaya kA varNana karate hue batalAyA hai ki jisake hRdaya meM arahaMta Adi viSayaka aNumAtra bhI anurAga vidyamAna hai vaha samasta Agama kA dhArI hokara bhI sva-samaya ko nahIM jAnatA hai| paMcAstikAya-isa grantha kA nAma paMcAstikAya prAbhRta hai, kyoMki isameM mukhyatayA jIya, pudgala, dharma, adharma aura AkAza rUpa pAMca astikAya dravyoM kA varNana hai| kyoMki yaha aNa arthAta pradezoM kI apekSA mahAna haibahupradezI hai, isI se inhe astikAya kahA hai| ye samasta dravya loka meM praviSTa hokara sthita haiM, phira bhI apane-apane svabhAva ko nahIM chor3ate haiN| isa grantha meM prAcArya kundakunda ne grantha ke Adi meM 'samaya' kahane kI pratijJA kI hai, aura jIva, pudgala, dharma-adharma AkAza ke samavAya ko samaya kahA hai| ina pAMcoM dravyoM ko paMcAstikAya kahA hai| inhIM kA isa grantha meM vizeSa kathana kiyA gayA hai| sattA kA svarUpa batalA kara dravya kA lakSaNa diyA hai, aura dravya paryAya aura guNa kA pArasparika sambandha batalAte hue sapta bhaGga ke nAmoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai| kAla dravya ke sAtha pAMca astikAya milA kara dravya chaha hotI hai| paT dravya kathana ke pazcAt samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyaka caritra ko mokSa mArga batalAte hae samyagdarzana ke prasaMga me sapta tatvoM kA kathana kiyA hai / grantha ke anta meM nizcaya mokSamArga kA bar3I sundaratA se svarUpa batalAyA hai| isa grantha para do saMskRta TIkAeM upalabdha haiN| jinameM eka ke kartA AcArya amRtacandra haiN| aura dUsarI ke kartA jayasena / amRtacandra kI TIkAnusAra gAthAoM kI saMkhyA 17 hai / aura jayasena kI TIkA ke anusAra 181 hai / pravacanasAra-yaha grantha mahArASTrIya prAkRta bhASA kA maulika grantha hai| isameM 275 gAthAeM haiN| aura ve tIna zrataskandhoM meM vibhAjita haiN| prathama zrataskandha meM jJAna kI carcA 62 gAthAoM meM aMkita hai| dUsare zrutaskandha meM jeya tatva kI carcA 108 gAthAoM meM pUrNa huI hai| aura tIsare zrutaskandha meM 75 gAthAoM dvArA cAritra tatva kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| prAcArya kundakunda kI yaha kRti bar3I hI mahatvapUrNa hai| yaha kRti unakI tatvajJatA, dArzanikatA aura prAcAra kI pravaNatA meM prota-prota hai| isake adhyayana se unakI vidvattA, tAkikatA aura prAcAra niSThA kA yathArtha rUpa dRSTigocara hotA haiM / isameM jaina tatva jJAna kA yathArtha rUpa bahuta hI sundaratA se pratipAdita hai / grantha ke prathama zrutaskandha meM indrijanya jJAna aura indriya janya sukha ko heya batalAte hue pratIndriyajJAna aura atIndriya sukha ko upAdeya batalAyA hai / aura atIndriya jJAna tathA pratIndriya sukha kI siddhi karate hue hRdayagrAhI yuktiyoM se prAtmA kI sarvajJatA ko siddha kiyA gayA hai| dUsare zrutaskandha meM dravyoM kI carcA kI hai, vaha paMcAstikAya

Page #113
kundakundAcArya 76 kI carcA se maulika aura viziSTa hai| isameM dravya ke sata utpAda vyaya dhrauvyAtmaka aura guNa paryAyAtmaka rUpa lakSaNoM kA pratipAdana tathA samanvaya, prAtmA ke kartRtvAkartatva kA vicAra tathA kAlANa apradezitva kA mahatvapUrNa kathana kiyA gayA hai / tRtIya zrutaskandha meM cAritra kA varNana kiyA hai| prAtmA kI mohAdijanya vikAroM se rahita pariNati cAritra hai, vahI cAritra dharma hai| cAritra rUpa dharma se pariNata AtmA yadi zuddhopayoga se yukta hai to vaha nirvANa sukha ko pA letA hai / nirvANa mukha atIndriya hai| vaha karmakSaya ke prabhAva se milatA hai / prAtmottha hai, viSayoM se rahita pama hai, aura ananta hai, usakA kabhI vinAza nahIM hotaa| kintu indriya janya sAMsArika sukha parAdhIna hai, bAdhA sahita hai-usameM kSudhA-tRpAdi kI bAdhAe~ utpanna hotI rahatI haiN| vaha viSama hai aura bandha kA kAraNa hai| grantha meM zramaNoM ke prAcAra ko mahatvapUrNa batalAyA gayA hai| zramaNa kA svarUpa batalAte hae kahA gayA hai ki-jisake zatru aura mitra eka mamAna haiM / sukha aura duHkha meM samAna hai, prazaMsA aura vikAroM meM samAna hai, loha aura kaMcana meM samAna hai / jo jIvana aura maraNa meM samatA-samAna bhAva vAlA hai, vahI zramaNa hai| moha se rahita AtmA ke samyaka svarUpa ko prApta huA jIva yadi gaga aura dveSa kA parityAga karatA hai to vaha zuddhAtmA ko prApta karatA hai| Aja taka jitane arahata hae haiM ve bhI isI vidhi se karmoM ko naSTa kara nirvANa ko prApta hae haiN| samaya prAbhRta isa grantha para prAcArya amRtacandra kI 'tatvapradIpikA' TIkA aura jayasena kI tAtparyavatti, aura bAlacandra adhyAtmIkI TIkAe~ upalabdha hai, jinameM grantha ke divya sandarbha kA sundara vivecana kiyA gayA hai| isa grantha kA nAma samaya prAbhUta hai| isameM zuddha prAtmatattva kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| isake viSaya kA pratipAdaka grantha akhila vAGamaya meM dUmaga nahIM hai / isameM sabase pahale siddhoM ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai, jo padArthoM ko eka sAtha jAne athavA guNa paryAya rUpa pariNamana kare vaha samaya hai| samaya ke do bheda haiM-svasamaya aura parasamaya / jo jIva apane darzana jJAna cAritra rUpa svabhAva meM sthita ho vaha sva samaya hai| aura jo pudgala karmoM kI dazA ko apanI dazA mAne hae hai vaha parasamaya hai| tIsarI gAthA meM batalAyA hai ki ekatva vibhakta vastu hI loka meM sandara hotI hai| prataH jIva ke bandha kI kathA se visaMvAda utpanna hotA hai| kAma bhoga sambandhI bandha kI kathA to saba logoM kI sunI huI hai, paricaya meM AI hai ataeva anubhUta hai kintu bandha se bhinna prAtmA kA ekatva na kabhI sunA, na kabhI paricaya meM pAyA hai aura na anubhUta hI hai / ataH vaha sulabha nahI hai| usI ekatva vibhakta AtmA kA kathana nizcaya naya aura vyavahAranaya se kiyA gayA hai| kintu nizcayanaya bhUtAtha, aura vyavahAranaya abhUtAtha hai| isa bAta ko prAcArya mahodaya ne udAharaNa dekara samajhAyA hai| grantha daza adhikAroM meM vibhAjita hai-1. pUrva raMga, 2. jIvAjIvAdhikAra, 3. kartR karmAdhikAra, 4. puNya pApAdhikAra, 5. prAsravAdhikAra, 6. saMvArAdhikAra, 7. nirjarAdhikAra, 8. bandhAdhikAra, 8. mokSAdhikAra, 10. aura sarvavizuddha jnyaanaadhikaar| samaya prAmata kI 13 vI gAthA meM batalAyA hai ki bhUtArthanaya se jAne gaye jIva, ajIva, Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, bandha aura mokSa samyaktva hai / ataeva bhUtArthanaya se hI inakA vivecana grantha meM kiyA gayA hai| jIvA jIvAdhikAra meM jIva-ajIva ke bheda ko dikhalAte hue donoM ke yathArtha svarUpa kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| aura batalAyA hai ki jIva ke varNa, gandha, rasa, sparza nahIM haiM aura na vaha zabda rUpa hI hai| usakA lakSaNa cetanA usakA prAkAra bhI niyata nahIM hai| aura indriyAdika se usakA grahaNa nahIM hotaa| kintu prAtmA ko na jAnane vAle prAtmA se bhinna parabhAvoM ko bhI saMyoga sambandha ke kAraNa AtmA samajha lete haiN| koI rAga-dveSa ko koI karma ko. koI karma phala ko, zarIra ko aura koI adhyavasAnAdi rUpa bhAvoM ko jIva kahate haiN| para ye saba jIva nahIM haiN| kyoMki ye saba karma rUpa pudagala dravya ke nimitta se hone vAle bhAva haiN| ata: ve pudgala dravya rUpa haiN| jIva sthAnoM aura guNa sthAnoM prAdi ko jIva kahA gayA hai vaha vyavahAra se kahA gayA hai| kyoMki vyavahAra kA prAzraya liye binA paramArtha kA kathana karanA zakya nahIM hai| prataeva ina saba Agantuka bhAvoM se mamatva buddhi kA parityAga kara

Page #114
80 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga2 jJAnI aimA mAnatA hai ki maiM eka upayoga mAtra jJAna darzana rUpa huuN| inake atirikta anya paramANu mAtra bhI merA nahIM hai| dUsare kartR karmAdhikAra meM batalAyA hai ki yadyapi jIva aura ajIva dono dravya svatantra hai| to bhI jIva ke pariNAmo kA nimitta pAkara pudagala karma vargaNA svaya karma rUpa pariNata ho jAtI haiN| ora pUdagala karma ke udaya kA nimitta pAkara jIva bhI pAraNamana karatA hai| to bhI jIva aura pudagala kA paraspara meM kartA karmapanA nahI hai| kAraNa ki jIva pudgala karma ke kisI guNa kA utpAdaka nahI hai aura na pudgala jIva ke kisI guNa kA utpAdaka hai / kevala anyonya nimitta se donoM kA pariNamana hotA hai| ataeva jIva madA svakIya bhAvAM kA kartA hai| vaha karmakRta bhAvoM kA kartA nahI hai| kintu nimitta naimittika sambandha ke kAraNa vahAranaya se jIva kA pudagala karmo kA, aura padagala ko jIva ke bhAvo kA kartA kahA jAtA hai| parantu nizcayanaya se jIva na pudgala karmo kA kartA hai aura na bhotA hai| aba raha jAte hai mithyAtva, ajJAna, avirati, yoga, moha aura kAdhAdi upAdhi bhAva, so inheM kundakundAcArya ne jIva-ajIva rUpa do prakAra kA batalAyA hai| AtmA jaba ajJAnAdi rUpa pariNamana karatA hai, taba rAga-dvaSa rUpa bhAvo ko karatA hai aura una bhAvoM kA svayakartA hotA hai| para ajJAnAdi rUpa bhAva pudgala karmo ke nimitta ke vinA nahI hote| kintu ajJAnI jIva parake aura prAtmA ke bheda ko na jAnatA huyA krodha ko apanA mAnatA hai, isI se vaha ajJAnI apane caitanya vikAra rUpa pariNAma kA kartA hotA hai / aura krodhAdi usake karma hote hai| kintu jo jIva isa bheda ko na jAna kara krodhAdi me prAtmabhAva nahIM karatA, vaha para dravya kA kartA bhI nahI hotaa| tIsare pRNya-pApAdhikAra meM pApa kI taraha puNya ko bhI heya batalAte hae likhA hai ki sone kI beDI bhI bAMdhatI hai aura lohe kI veDI bhI bAdhatI hai| ata: zubha-azubha rUpa donoM hI karma bandhaka hai| isaliye unakA parityAga karanA hI zreyaskara hai| jisa taraha koI puruSa khoTI pAdata vAle managya ko jAnakara usake sAtha saMsarga aura rAga karanA choDa detA hai| usI taraha apane svabhAva meM lIna puruSa karma prakRtiyoM ke zIla svabhAva ko kutsita jAnakara unakA maMsarga chor3a detA hai unase dUra rahane lagatA hai| rAgI jIva karma bAMdhatA hai aura virAgI karmoM se chaTa jAtA hai / ata: zubha-azubha karma meM rAga mata karo-rAga kA parityAga karanA Avazyaka hai| adhikAra meM batalAyA hai ki jIva ke rAga-dveSa aura moharUpa bhAva, prAsrava bhAva haiN| unakA nimitta pAkara pIdagalika karmANa vargaNAoM kA jIva meM prAsrava hotA hai| rAgAdi ajJAnamaya pariNAma haiN| ajJAnamaya pariNAma prajJAnI ke hote hai| aura jJAnI ke jJAnamaya pariNAma hote haiN| jJAnamaya pariNAma hone meM ajJAnamaya pariNAma ruka jAte haiM / isaliye jJAnI jIva ke karmoM kA Asrava nahIM hotaa| ataeva baMdha bhI nahI hotA / pAMcave adhikAra meM saMvara tatva kA pratipAdana hai| rAgAdi bhAvoM ke nirodha kA nAma saMvara hai| rAgAdi bhAvoM kA nirodha ho jAne para karmoM kA AnA ruka jAtA hai| saMvara kA mUla kAraNa bheda vijJAna hai| upayoga jJAna svarUpa hai, aura krodhAdi bhAva jar3a hai| isa kAraNa upayoga meM krodhAdibhAva aura karma nokarma nahIM haiN| aura na zrodhAdi bhAvoM meM tathA karma nokarma meM upayoga hai| isa taraha inameM paramArtha me atyanta bheda hai| isa bheda tathA rahasya ko samajhanA hI bheda vijJAna hai / bheda vijJAna se hI zuddha prAtmA kI upalabdhi hotI hai / aura zuddhAtmA kI prApti se hI noM kA prabhAva hotA hai| aura adhyavasAnoM kA prabhAva hone se prAsrava kA nirodha hotA hai| mAnava ke nirodha se karmoM kA nirodha hotA hai| aura karma ke abhAva meM no karmoM kA nirodha hotA hai aura no karmoM ke nigedha se saMsAra kA nirodha ho jAtA hai| chaThe nirjarA adhikAra meM batalAyA hai ki samyagdRSTi jIva, iMdriyoM ke dvArA cetana aura acetana dravyoM kA upabhoga karatA hai vaha nirjarA kA kAraNa hai / kyoMki samyagdRSTi jIva ke jJAna aura nairAgya kI adbhuta sAmarthya hotI 1. rano badhAdi kamma mucadi jIvo vigaga maMpaNNo / romo jigovademI, tamhA kammesu mA rajja // 150

Page #115
kundakundAcArya hai| jisa taraha vaidya viSa khAkara bhI nahIM maratA, usI taraha jJAnI bhI pUdagala karmoM ke udaya ko bhogatA hai| kintu karmoM se nahIM baMdhatA kyoMki vaha jAnatA hai ki yaha rAga pudagala karma kA hai| mere anubhava meM jo rAgarUpa prAsvAda hotA hai vaha usake vipAka kA pariNAma eva pala hai| vaha mega nijabhAva nahI hai| maiM to guddha jJAyaka bhAva rUpa hai| ataeva samyagdRSTi jIva jJAyaka svabhAva rUpa AtmA ko jAnatA humA karma ke udaya ko karma ke udaya kA vipAka jAnakara usakA parityAga kara detA hai| 7ve bandhAdhikAra meM bandha kA kathana karate hA batalAyA hai ki AtmA aura paudgalika karma donoM hI svatantra dravya haiN| donoM meM cetana acetana kI apekSA pUrva aura pazcima jaisA antara hai| phira bhI inakA anAdikAla se mayoga bana rahA hai| jisa taraha cumbaka meM lohA gvIcane aura lohe meM khicane kI yogyatA hai / usI prakAra prAtmA meM karmarUpa pUdagaloM ko khIcana kI prAra karmarUpa pudgala meM khicane ko yogyatA hai| apanI-apanI yogyatAnusAra donoM kA eka kSetrAvagAha ho rahA hai| isI eka kSetrAvagAha ko bandha kahate hai / prAcArya mahodaya ne eka dRSTAnta dvArA bandha kA kAraNa spaSTa kiyA hai| jaise koI malla zarIra meM tela lagA kara dhala bharI bhUmi meM khar3A hokara zastroM se vyAyAma karatA hai| kele Adi ke per3o ko kATatA hai to usakA zarIra dhali me lipta ho jAtA hai| yahAM usake zarIra meM jo tela lagA haisacikkaNatA hai usI ke kAraNa usakA zarIra dhUla se lipta hanA hai| isI prakAra ajJAnI jIva idriya viSayoM meM rAgAdi karatA hayA ko ma vadhatA hai, s| usake upayoga meM jA rAgabhAva hai vaha karmabandha kA kAraNa hai| parantu jo jJAnI jJAnasvarUpa meM magna rahatA hai, vaha kamI se nahIM badhatA / AThave mokSAdhikAra meM batalAyA hai ki jaise koI pUrupa cirakAla se bandhana meM par3A huprA hai aura vaha isa bAta ko jAnatA hai ki mai itane samaya se badhA huA par3A huuN| kintu usa bandhana ko kATane kA prayatna nahIM karatA, to vaha kabhI bandhana se mukta nahIM ho sakatA / usI taraha karma bandhana ke svarUpa ko jAnane mAtra me karma se chuTakAga nahIM hotaa| parantu jo pumpa gagAdi ko dUra kara zuddha hotA hai vahI mokSa prApta karatA hai| jo karmabandhana ke svabhAva paura prAtma svabhAva ko jAnakara bandha meM virakta hotA hai vahI karmo se mukta hotA hai| prAnmA prora bandha ke svabhAva ko bhinna bhinna jAnakara bandha ko chor3anA aura AtmA ko grahaNa karanA hI mokSa kA upAya hai / yahA~ yaha prazna hotA hai ki prAtmA ko kaise grahaNa kare, isakA uttara dete hae prAcArya ne kahA hai ki prajJA (bheda vijJAna) dvArA jo caitanyAtmA hai vahI mai hUM / gepa anya saba bhAva mujhame para hai-ve mere nahIM hai / ityAdi kathana kiyA gayA hai| ___ sarva vizuddhi adhikAra me eka taraha se unhI pUrvokta bAtoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyaka cAritra kA viSaya zuddha Atma tattva hai / vaha zuddha Atmatattva sarvavizuddhajJAna kA svarUpa hai| na vaha kisI kA kArya hai, aura na kisI kA kAraNa hai, usakA para dravya ke sAtha koI sambandha nahI hai| imo vicAra mAtmA aura paradravya meM kartA karmabhAva bhI nahI hai| ataeva prAtmA para dravya kA bhoktA bhI nahI hai| ajJAnI jIva prajJAnavaza hI prAtmA ko paradravya kA kartA bhoktA mAnatA hai| isa grantha para prAcArya amRtacandra kI AtmakhyAti, jayasena kI tAtparyavRtti aura vAlacandra adhyAtmI kI TIkAe upalabdha haiN| niyamasAra-prastuta grantha meM 187 gAthAeM haiN| jinhe TIkAkAra maladhAri padmaprabhadeva ne 12 adhikAroM meM vibhakta kiyA hai| kintu yaha vibhAga grantha ke anurUpa nahI hai / granthakAra ne isameM una samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyaka cAritra rUpa zraddhAna ko samyagdarzana batalAyA hai aura prApta Agama kA svarUpa batalAkara tattvoM kA kathana kiyA hai, pazcAt chaha dravyoM aura paMcAstikAya kA kathana hai| vyavahAranaya se pAca mahAvrata, pAMca samiti, aura tIna gapti yaha vyavahAra cAritra hai| Age nizcayanaya ke dRSTikoNa se pratikramaNa, pratyAkhyAna, AlocanA, kAyotsarga, sAmAyika aura parama bhakti ina chaha AvazyakoM kA varNana kiyA hai aura batalAyA hai ki nizcayanaya se sarvajJa kevala prAtmA ko jAnatA hai, aura vyavahAranaya se sabako jAnatA hai| isI prasaga meM darzana aura jJAna kI mahatvapUrNa carcA dI hai| racanA mahatvapUrNa aura upayogI hai|

Page #116
82 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 daMsaNa pAhuDa-isameM samyagdarzana kA svarUpa aura mahatva 36 gAthAoM dvArA batalAyA gayA hai| dUsarI gAthA meM batAyA hai ki dharma kA mUla samyagdarzana hai / ataH samyagdarzana se hIna puruSa vandanA karane ke yogya nahIM hai / tIsarI gAthA meM kahA hai ki jo samyagdarzana se bhraSTa hai, vaha bhrapTa hI hai, use mukti kI prApti nahIM hotii| samyagdarzana se rahita prANI lAkhoM karor3oM varSoM taka ghora tapa kareM to bhI unheM bodhi lAbha nahIM hotaa| ityAdi aneka taraha se samyagdarzana kA svarUpa aura usakI mahattA batalAI gaI hai| caritta pAhaDa-isameM 44 gAthAoM dvArA cAritra kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| cAritra ke do bheda haiM-samyaktvAcaraNa aura sNymaacrnn| niHzaMkita prAdi pATha guNoM se viziSTa nirdoSa samyaktva ke pAlana karane ko samyaktvA caraNa cAritra kahate haiN| saMyamAcaraNa do prakAra kA hai-sAgAra aura anagAra / sAgArAcaraNa ke bheda se gyAraha pratimAoM ke nAma ginAye haiN| tathA pAMca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvratoM ko sAgAra saMyamAcaraNa batalAyA hai / pAMca aNuvrata prasiddha hI haiM, dizA vidizA kA pramANa, anartha daNDa tyAga ora bhogopabhoga parimANa ye tona guNavrata, sAmAyika, proSadha, atithi pUjA aura sallekhanA ye cAra zikSAvrata batalAye haiN| kintu tattvArtha mUtra meM bhogopabhoga parimANa ko zikSAvratoM meM ginAyA hai aura sallekhanA ko alaga rakkhA hai| tathA deza virati nAma kA eka guNavrata batalAyA hai| __anagAra dharma kA kathana karate hue pAMca iMdriyoM kA vaza karanA, paMca mahAvrata dhAraNa karanA, pAMca samiti aura tIna guptiyoM kA pAlana karanA anagArAcaraNa hai / ahiMsAdi vratoM kI pAMca pAMca bhAvanAeM batalAI haiN| sutta pAhuDa-isameM 26 gAthAe haiM jisameM sUtra kI paribhASA batAte hue kahA hai ki jo prarahaMta ke dvArA artharUpa se bhASita aura gaNadhara dvArA kathita ho, use sUtra kahate haiN| sUtra meM jo kucha kahA gayA hai use prAcArya paramparA dvArA pravartita mArga se jAnanA cAhie / jaise sUtra (dhAge ) se rahita suI kho jAtI hai, vaise hI sUtra ko (Agama ko) na jAnane vAlA manuSya bhI naSTa ho jAtA hai| utkRSTa cAritra kA pAlana karane vAlA bhI muni yadi svacchanda vicaraNa karane lagatA hai to vaha mithyAtva meM gira jAtA hai| gAthA 10 meM batalAyA gayA hai ki nagna rahanA aura karapuTa meM bhojana karanA yahI eka mokSamArga hai / zeSa saba amArga haiN| Age batalAyA hai ki jisa sAdhu ke bAla ke agrabhAga ke barAbara bhI parigraha nahIM hai, aura pANipAtra meM bhojana karatA hai, vahI sAdhu hai| isa pAhuDa meM strI pravrajyA aura sAdhanoM ke vastra dhAraNa karane kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| bodha pAhaDa meM 62 gAthAoM dvArA prAyatana, caityagraha, jinapratimA, darzana, jinabimba, jinamudrA, jJAna, deva, tIrtha, arhanta aura pravajyA kA svarUpa batalAyA hai| aMtima gAthAoM meM kundakunda ne apane ko bhadrebAhu kA ziSya prakaTa kiyA hai| bhAva pAhuDa meM 163 gAthAoM dvArA bhAva kI mahattA batalAte hue bhAva ko hI guNa doSoM kA kAraNa batalAyA hai aura likhA hai ki bhAva kI vizuddhi ke liye hI bAhya parigraha kA tyAga kiyA jAtA hai / jisakA aMtaHkaraNa zuddha nahIM hai usakA bAhya tyAga vyartha hai| karor3oM varSa paryanta tapasyA karane para bhI bhAva rahita ko mukti prApta nahIM hotii| bhAva se hI liMgI hotA hai dravya se nhiiN| ataH bhAva ko dhAraNa karanA Avazyaka hai| bhavyasena gyAraha aMga caudaha pUrvo ko par3hakara bhI bhAva se muni na ho skaa| kintu zivabhUti ne bhAva vizuddhi ke kAraNa 'tuSa mAsa' zabda kA uccAraNa karate karate kevalajJAna prApta kiyaa| jo zarIrAdi bAhya parigrahoM ko aura mAyA kaSAyaAdi antaraMga parigrahoM ko chor3akara prAtmA meM lIna hotA hai vaha liMgI sAdhu hai| yaha pUrA pAhuDa grantha sadupadezoM se bharA hupA hai| mokkha pAhuDa kI gAthA saMkhyA 106 hai / jisameM prAtma dravya kA mahatva batalAte hue prAtmA ke tIna bhedoM kI-paramAtmA, aMtarAtmA aura bahirAtmA kI-carcA karate hue bahirAtmA ko chor3akara antarAtmA ke upAya se paramAtmA ke dhyAna kI bAta kahI gaI hai| para dravya meM rata jIva karmoM se baMdhatA hai aura paradravyase virata jIva karmoM se chUTatA hai| saMkSepa meM bandha pora mokSa kA yaha jinopadeza hai| isa taraha isa prAbhRta meM mokSa ke kAraNa rUpa se paramAtmA ke

Page #117
kundakundAcAya dhyAna kI zrAvazyakatA aura mahattA batalAI hai| ina chaha prAbhRtoM para brahma zrutasAgara kI saMskRta TIkA hai, jo prakAzita ho cukI hai| sIla pAhuDa - isameM 40 gAthAeM haiM jisake dvArA zIla kA mahatva batalAyA gayA hai aura likhA hai ki zIla kA jJAna ke sAtha koI virodha nahIM hai / parantu zIla ke binA viSaya-vAsanA se jJAna naSTa ho jAtA hai| jo jJAna ko pAkara bhI viSayoM meM rata rahate haiM ve caturgatiyoM meM bhaTakate haiM aura jo jJAna ko pAkara viSayoM se virakta rahate haiM, ve bhava-bhramaNa ko kATa DAlate haiM / 83 bArasANupekkhA (dvAdazAnuprakSA ) - isameM 11 gAthAoM dvArA vairAgyotpAdaka dvAdaza anuprekSAoM kA bahuta hI sundara varNana huA hai / vastu svarUpa ke bAra-bAra cintana kA nAma anuprakSA hai| unake nAmoM kA krama isa prakAra hai : -- praddha vamasaraNa mega tamaNNasaMsAra logamasucitaM / zrAsava saMvara NijjaradhammaM vohiM ca citejjo // adhruva, zaraNa, ekatva, anyatva, saMsAra, loka, prazucitva, prAsrava, saMvara, nirjarA, dharma aura bodhi / tatvArtha sUtrakAra ne anupra ekSAoM ke krama kucha parivartana kiyA hai| anityAzaraNasaMsAraikatvAnyatvAzucyA srava saMvaranirjarAlokabodhidurlabha dharmasvAkhyAtattvAnucintanamanuprakSAH / AcArya kundakunda ne ina bAraha bhAvanAoM ke cintana dvArA zramaNoM ke vairAgya bhAva ko sudRr3ha kiyA hai| devanandI ( pUjyapAda) kI sarvArthasiddhi ke dUsare adhyAya ke 'saMsAriNo muktAzca' kI TIkA meM vArasa anuprakSA kI pAMca gAthAeM uddhRta kI haiM / rayaNasAra bhI kundakundAcArya kI kRti kahI jAtI hai, parantu usa racanA meM ekarUpatA nhiiN| -gAthAoM kI aisI sthiti meM jaba taka usakI jAMca dvArA mUlagAthAoM kI sUcaka prakSipta gAthAoM kA nirNaya nahIM ho jAtA, taba taka krama saMkhyA bhI bar3hI huI hai, aneka gAthAeM prakSipta haiM / saMkhyA nizcita nahI ho jAtI aura gaNa gacchAdi kI use kundakundAcArya kI kRti nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / aba rahI mUlAcAra aura thirukurala ke racayitA kI bAta, so mUlAcAra ko kundakundAcArya kI kRti kahanA yA mAnanA abhI taka vivAdAspada banA huA hai / yadyapi mUlAcAra meM kundakunda ke anya granthoM kI aneka gAthAeM bhI pAI jAtI haiM aura usakA pAMcavIM zatAbdI ke 'tiloya paNNatti' grantha meM ullekha hone se vaha racanA purAtana hai / parantu usakA kartA vasunandi ne 'vaTTara' sUcita kiyA hai / yadyapi vaTTakerAcArya kA koI anya ullekha prApta nahIM hai, aura na unako guru paramparAdi kA koI ullekha upalabdha hI hai / grantha meM 'saMghavaTTao' jaise zabdoM kA ullekha hai, jisakA artha saMgha kA upakAra karane vAlA TIkAkAra ne kiyA hai| use kundakundAcArya kI kRti mAnane ke lie kucha Thosa pramANoM kI AvazyakatA hai / isameM koI sandeha nahIM ki vaha mUlasaMgha kI paramparA kA grantha hai / thirukkurala - jaina racanA hai, yaha nizcita hai / parantu vaha kundakundAcArya kI kRti hai, aura kundakundAcArya kA dUsarA nAma 'elAcArya' thA, ise pramANita karane ke liye anya prAcIna pramANoM kI AvazyakatA hai| usake pramANita hone para thirukurala ko kundakunda kI racanA mAnane meM koI saMkoca nahIM ho sakatA / sva0 pro0 cakravartI ne isa dizA meM jo zodha-khoja kI hai, vaha anukaraNIya hai / anya vidvAnoM ko isa para vicAra kara antima nirNaya karanA zrAvazyaka hai | bahuta sambhava hai ki vaha kundakundAcArya kI hI racanA ho / bhakti saMgraha prAkRta bhASA kI kucha bhaktiyA~ bhI kundakundAcArya kI kRti mAnI jAtI haiN| bhaktiyoM ke TIkAkAra prabhAcandrAcArya ne likhA hai ki- 'saMskRtA sarvA bhaktayaH pAdapUjya svAmikRtAH prAkRtAstu kundakundAcAryakRtAH / ' arthAta saMskRta

Page #118
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 kI saba bhaktiyA~ pUjyapAda kI banAI huI haiM aura prAkRta kI saba bhaktiyA~ kundakundAcArya kRta haiN| donoM bhaktiyoM para prabhAcandrAcArya ko TIkAeM haiN| kUndakUndAcArya kI ATha bhaktiyAM hai jinake nAma isa prakAra haiN| siddhabhakti 2 zra ta bhakti, 3 cAritrabhakti, 4 yogi (anagAra) bhakti, 5 prAcArya bhakti, 6 nirvANa bhakti, 7 pacaguru (parameSThi) bhakti, 8 thosmAmi thudi (tIrthakara bhkti)| siddha bhakti-isameM 12 gAthAoM dvArA siddhoM ke guNoM, bhedoM, sukha, sthAna, AkRti, siddhi ke mArga tathA krama kA ullekha karate hue ati bhaktibhAva se unakI vandanA ko gaI hai| zratabhakti ekAdaza gAthAtmaka isa bhakti meM jaina zru ta ke prAcArAMgAdi dvAdaza agoM kA bheda-prabheda-sahita ullekha karake unheM namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI, 14 pUrvo meM se pratyeka kIvastu sakhyA ora pratyeka vastu ke pAhuDoM (prAbhRtoM) kI saMkhyA bhI dI hai| cAritra bhakti-daza anUpTapa padyoM meM zrI vardhamAna praNIta sAmAyika, chedopasthApana, parihAra viddhi. sUkSmasAmparAya aura yathAkhyAta nAma ke pAMca cAritroM, ahisAdi 28 mUlaguNoM, dazadharmo, triguptiyoM, sakala zIloM, pariSahajayoM aura uttara guNoM kA ullekha karake unakI siddhi aura siddhi phala (mukti sukha) kA kAmanA kI hai| yogI (anagAra) bhakti-yaha bhakti pATha 23 gAthAtmaka hai| isameM jaina sAdhuoM ke Adarza jIvana aura unakI caryA kA sUndara akana kiyA gayA hai| una yogiyoM ko aneka avasthAoM, RddhiyoM, siddhiyoM tathA guNoM kA ullekha karate hue unheM bhaktibhAva se namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| aura unake vizeSaNa rUpa, guNoM kA-do dosavippamUvaka tidaMDavirata. tisallaparisuddha, caudasagaMthaparisuddha, caudasapuvapagabbha aura caudasamalavivajjida-vAkyoM dvArA ullekha kiyA hai, jisase isa bhaktipATha kI mahanA kA patA calatA hai| AcArya bhakti-isameM dasa gAthAoM dvArA prAcArya parameSThI ke khAsa gaNoM kA ullekha karate hae unheM namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| nirvANa bhakti-27 gAthAtmaka isa bhakti meM nirvANa ko prApta hue tIrthakaroM tathA dUsare pUtAtma purupoM ke nAmoM kA una sthAnoM ke nAma sahita smaraNa tathA vandanA kI gaI hai jahA~ se unhoMne nirvANa pada kI prApti ko hai| isa bhakti pATha meM kitanI hI aitihAsika aura paurANika bAtoM eva anubhUtiyoM kI jAnakArI milatI hai| paMcagara (parameSThi) bhakti-isameM mRgviNI chanda ke chaha padyoM meM arhata, siddha, prAcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu aime pA~ca purupoM kA-parameSThiyoM kA- stotra aura usakA phala diyA hai pora paMca parameSThiyoM ke nAma dekara unheM namaskAra karake uname bhava-bhava meM mukha kI prArthanA kI gaI hai| thossAmi thudi (tIrthakara bhakti)- yaha 'thomsAmi' pada se prArambha hone vAlI prapTa gAthAtmaka stuti hai jise 'titthayara bhatti' kahate haiN| isameM vRpabhAdi-varddhamAna paryanta caturvizati tIrthakaroM kI unake nAmollekha pUrvaka vandanA kI gaI hai| ___prAcArya kundakunda ne apanI koI guru paramparA nahIM dI aura na apane granthoM meM unake nAmAdi kA tathA rAjAdi kA ullekha hI kiyA hai| kintu bodha pAhuDa kI 61 naM0 kI gAthA meM apane ko bhadrabAhu kA ziSya sUcita kiyA hai / aura 62 na0 kI gAthA meM bhadrabAhu zruta kevalI kA paricaya dete hue unheM apanA gamaka guru batalAyA hai aura likhA hai ki-jinendra bhagavAna mahAvIra ne artha rUpa se jo kathana kiyA hai vaha bhASA satroM meM zabda vikAra ke prApta hanA hai-aneka prakAra se gUMthA gayA hai| bhadrabAha ke mujha zipya ne usako usI rUpa se jAnA hai aura kathana kiyA hai / dUsarI gAthA meM batAyA hai ki-bAraha aMgoM aura caudaha pUrvo ke vipula vistAra ke vettA gamaka guru bhagavAna zra tajJAnI tha takevalI bhadrabAhu jayavanta hoN| saddaviyAge huo bhAmAmuttemu jaM jiNe kahiyaM / so vaha kahiyaM NAyaM sIseNaya bhaddabAhussa // 61 vArasaagaviyANaM caudasa muvaMga viula vittharaNaM / suyaNANI bhaddabAhu gamayaguru bhayavao jyo||62 maanaa| 1.

Page #119
kundakundAcArya ye donoM gAthAeM paraspara sambaddha haiN| pahalI gAthA meM kundakunda ne apane ko jisa bhadrabAhu kA ziSya kahA hai, dUsarI gAthA meM unhIM kA jayakAra kiyA hai aura ve bhadrabAhu zruta kevalI hI haiN| isakA samarthana samaya prAbhRta kI prathama gAthA' se bhI hotA hai| unhoMne usa gAthA ke uttarArdha meM kahA hai ki -zra ta kevalI ke dvArA pratipAdita samaya prAbhUta ko khuuNgaa| yaha zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke sivAya dUsare nahIM ho sakate / zravaNabelagola ke aneka zilAlekhoM meM yaha bAta aMkita hai ki- apane ziSya candragupta maurya ke sAtha bhadrabAhu vahA padhAre the, aura vahIM unakA svargavAsa hA thaa| isa ghaTanA ko aneka aitihAsika vidvAna tathyarUpa meM mAnate haiN| ataH kundakunda ke dvArA unakA apane guru rUpa meM smaraNa kiyA jAnA ukta ghaTanA kI satyatA ko pramANita karatA hai| kintu kundakunda bhadrabAhu ke samakAlona nahIM jAna par3ate, kyoMki agajJAniyA kI paramparA meM unakA nAma nahIM hai| kintu ve unakI paramparA meM hae avazya haiM / para itanA spaSTa hai ki bhadrabAhu zrutakevalI dakSiNa bhArata meM gae the, aura vahA~ unake ziSya-praziSyoM dvArA jana dharma kA prasAra huA thaa| ata: kundakunda ne unheM gamaka guru ke rUpa meM smaraNa kiyA hai| ve unake sAkSAta zipya nahIM the| paramparA zipya avazya the| unakA samaya chaha sau tirAsI varSa kI kAlagaNanA ke bhItara ho pAtA hai| mUlasaMgha aura kundakundAnvaya bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samaya meM jaina sAdha sampradAya nirgrantha' sampradAya ke nAma se prasiddha thaa| iso kAraNa bauddha tripiTakoM meM mahAvIra ko 'nigaMTha nATaputta likhA milatA hai| azoka ke zilAlekhoM meM bhI 'nigaMTha' zabda se usa kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| kundakundAcArya mUlamaMgha ke grAdi pravartaka mAne jAte haiM / kundakundAnvaya kA sambandha bhI inhIM se kahA gayA hai / vastutaH kauNDakuNDapura se nikale munivaMza ko kundakundAnvaya kahA gayA hai / kundakundAnvaya kA ullekha zaka saM0 388 ke markarA ke tAmrapatra meM pAyA jAtA hai| makarA kA tAmra patra gilAlakha naM064 meM bilkula milatA hai| zilAlekha naM064 ve meM koNi varmA ne jima mUlasaMgha ke pramukha candranandi prAcArya ko bhUmidAna diyA hai usI ko dAna dene kA ullekha makarA ke dAna patra meM bhI hai| kintu isameM candranandi kI guru paramparA bhI dI hai aura unheM dezIgaNa kundakundAnvaya kA batalAyA hai| lekha na064 kA anumAnita samaya IsA kI 5 vI zatAbdI kA prathama caraNa hai paura markarA ke tAmrapatra meM akita samaya ke anusAra usakA samaya I0 san 466 hotA hai| kAMgaNi bamAM ke patra davinIta kA samaya 48060 se 520 I0 ke madhya baiThatA hai| ataH tAmrapatra ka akita samaya meM kAMgaNi varmA vartamAna thA, jisane candranandi ko dAna diyaa| candranandi kI guru paramparA meM guNacandra, abhayanandi, zIlabhadra, jayananda guNa nandi, candranandi Adi kA nAmollekha hai| isameM nandyanta nAma adhika pAtha jAte hai| malamagha kI paramparA bhI prAcIna he| mUlAcAra kA nAma nirdeza prAcArya yativRSabha kI tiloyapaNNatti meM hai| tiloyapaNNatti IsA kI 5 vI zatAbdI ke antima caraNa meM nippanna ho cukA thA / ataH mUnAcAra caturtha zatAbdI se pUrva racA gayA hogaa| mUlAcAra mUlasagha se sambaddha hai| prAcArya kundakunda kA karnATaka prAnta ke sAdhunoM para bahata var3A prabhAva thaa| kundakunda kA samaya nandisaMgha kI paTTAvalI meM likhA hai ki kundakunda vi0 saM0 46 meM prAcArya pada para pratiSThita hue| 44 varSa kI avasthA meM unheM AcArya pada milA / 51 varSa 10 mahIne taka ve usa pada para pratiSThita rahe / unako kula Ayu varSa 10 mahIne aura 15 dina kI thii| 1. vaMditta savvasiddha dhavamacalamaNovayaM gaI patte / vocchAmi samayapAhuDa miNamo muyakevalI bhariNayaM // 1 2. zilAlekha saM0 bhA0 1 lekha naM0 1, 17, 18, 40, 54, 108

Page #120
86 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 pro0 hAnale dvArA sampAdita nandisaMgha kI paTTAvaliyoM ke AdhAra se pro0 cakravartI ne paMcAstikAya kI prastAvanA meM kundakunda ko pahalI zatAbdI kA vidvAna mAnA hai| __ kundakundAcArya ke samaya ke sambandha meM aneka vidvAnoM ne vicAra kiyA hai| una sabake vicAroM para pravacanasAra kI vistRta prastAvanA meM vicAra kiyA gayA hai| anta meM DA0 AdinAtha neminAtha upAdhyAya ne jo niSkarSa nikAlA hai, use nIce diyA jAtA hai : ve likhate haiM-'kanTakanTa ke samaya ke sambandha meM kI gaI isa lambI carcA ke prakAza meM jisameM hamane upalabdha paramparAoM kI pUrI taraha se chAnabIna karane tathA bibhinna dRSTikoNoM me samasyA kA mUlya prAMkane ke pazcAt kevala saMbhAvanAoM ko samajhane kA prayatna kiyA hai-hamane dekhA ki paramparA unakA samaya IsA pUrva prathama zatAbdI kA uttarArdha aura IsvI san kI prathama zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha batalAtI hai / kundakunda se pUrva paT khaNDAgama kI samApti kI sambhAvanA unheM IsA kI dUsarI zatAbdI ke madhya ke pazcAt rakhatI hai| markarA ke tAmrapatra meM unako antima kAlAvadhi tIsarI zatAbdI kA madhya honA caahie| cacita maryAdAoM ke prakAza meM ye sambhAvanAeM-ki kundakunda pallava vaMzI rAjA zivaskanda ke samakAlIna the aura yadi kucha aura nizcita AdhAroM para yaha pramANita ho jAya ki vahI elAcArya the to unhoMne kurala ko racA thA, sUcita karatI hai ki Upara batalAye gae vistRta pramANoM ke prakAza meM kundakunda ke samaya kI maryAdA IsA kI prathama do zatAbdiyAM honI caahie| upalabdha sAmagrI ke isa vistRta paryavekSaNa ke pazcAt maiM vizvAsa karatA hU~ ki kundakunda kA samaya IsvI san kA prArambha hai // (pravacana0 pra0 pR0 22) isase spaSTa hai ki AcArya kundakunda IsA kI prathama zatAbdI ke prArambha ke vidvAna haiM / guNavIra paMDita yaha kalandeke vAcAnanda muni ke ziSya the| inhoMne malayapura ke neminAtha mandira meM baiThakara 'neminAtham' nAmaka vizAla tamila vyAkaraNa grantha kI racanA kI thii| grantha ke prArambha ke padyoM meM batalAyA hai ki jala-pravAha ke dvArA malayapUra jaina mandira ke vinAza hone ke pUrva yaha grantha racA gayA thaa| yaha grantha prasiddha veNavA chaMda meM hai| madurA ke tamila saMgama ke adhikAriyoM ne ise zena tamila nAma ke patra meM purAtana TIkA ke sAtha chapAyA thaa| guNavIra paNDita kA samaya IsA kI prathama zatAbdI hai| isI se inakI yaha racanA IsvI san ke prArambha kAla kI kahI jAtI hai| tolakappiya yaha tamila bhASA ke vyAkaraNa kA vettA aura racayitA thaa| yaha prasiddha vaiyAkaraNa thaa| isake race hue vyAkaraNa kA nAma tola kappiya hai| yaha jainadharma kA anuyAyI thaa| inda ke saMskRta vyAkaraNa meM tolakappiya kA nirdeza hai| indra kA samaya 350 I0 pUrva hai| ata: prAcIna vyAkaraNa tolakappiya ke samaya kI uttarAvadhi 350 I0 pUrva nizcita hotI hai / madurA tamila kI patrikA kI 'senatomala' (ji0 18, 1916-2050 336) meM zrI esa vaiyApuripille kA eka lekha prakAzita hama unhoMne likhA thA ki-'tolakappiya jainadharmAnuyAyI thA aura isa sambandha meM unakI mukhya dalIla (yukti) yaha thI ki tolakappiya ke samakAlIna panayAranAra ne tolakappiya ko mahAna aura prakhyAta 'paDimaI' likhA hai| paDimai prAkRta bhASA ke 'paDimA' zabda se banAyA gayA hai / paDimA (pratimA) eka jaina zabda hai, jo jainAcAra ke niyamo kA sUcaka hai| zrI pille ne tola kappiyama ke satroM kA uddharaNa dekara likhA hai ki maraviyala vibhAga meM ghAsa ora vakSa ke 1. mekaDonala-hisTrI oNpha saMskRta liTarecara pR011 2. sTeDIja sA0 i0 jainijma pa0 36

Page #121
umAsvAti (gRddhapicchAcArya 87 samAna jIvoM ko ekendriya, ghoMghe ke samAna jIvoM ko do indriya, cIMTI ke samAna jIvoM ko tIna indriya, kekar3e ke samAna jIvoM ko cauindriya aura bar3e prANiyoM ke samAna jIvoM ko paMcendriya batAyA hai tathA manuSya ke samAna anya jIvoM kA yaha vibhAga anya darzanoM meM nahIM pAyA jaataa| ataH yaha tamila vyAkaraNa grantha eka prAmANika jaina vidvAna kI kRti hai| umAsvAti (gRddhapicchAcArya) mUlasaMgha kI paTTAvalI meM kundakundAcArya ke bAda umAsvAmi (ti) cAlIsa varSa 8 dina taka nandisaMgha ke paTTa para rhe| zravaNavelagola ke 65va zilAlekha meM likhA hai tasyAnvaye bhUvidite babhUva yaH papanandi prathamAbhidhAnaH / zrI kundakundAdimunIzvarAkhyaH satsaMyamAdudgatacAraNaddhiH / / 5 prabhUdumAsvAti munIzvaro'sAvAcAryazabdottaragRddhapicchaH / tadanvaye tatsadRzo'sti naanystaatkaalikaashesspdaarthvedii||6 arthAt jinacandrasvAmI ke jagata prasiddha anvaya meM 'padmanandI' prathama isa nAma ko dhAraNa karane vAle zrI kundakunda nAma ke munirAja hue| jinheM satsaMyama ke prabhAva se cAraNaRddhi prApta huI thii| unhIM kundakunda ke anvaya meM umAsvAti munirAja hae, jo gaddhapicchAcArya nAma se prasiddha the usa samaya gaddhapicchAcArya ke samAna samasta padArthoM ko jAnane vAlA koI dUsarA vidvAna nahI thaa| zravaNabelagola ke 258 ve zilAlekha meM bhI yahI bAta kahI gaI hai| unake vaMzarUpI prasiddha khAna se aneka munirUparatnoM kI mAlA prakaTa huI / usI muniratnamAlA ke bIca meM maNi ke samAna kundakunda ke nAma se prasiddha projasvI prAcArya he| unhIM ke pavitra vaza meM samasta padArtho ke jJAtA umAsvAmi mUni hae, jinhoMne jinAgama ko sUtrarUpa meM grathita kiyaa| yaha prANiyoM kI rakSA meM atyanta sAvadhAna the| ataeva unhoMne mayUrapiccha ke gira jAne para gaddhapicchoM ko dhAraNa kiyA thaa| usI samaya se vidvAna loga unheM gaddhapicchAcArya kahane lge| aura gaddhapicchAcArya unakA upanAma rUr3ha ho gyaa| vIrasenAcArya ne apanI dhavalA TIkA meM tattvArthasUtra ke kartA ko gRddhapicchAcArya likhA hai / prAcArya vidyAnanda ne bhI apane zloka vArtika meM unakA ullekha kiyA hai| prAcArya pUjyapAda ne sarvArthasiddhi ke prArambha meM jo varNana kiyA hai vaha atyanta mArmika hai : "munipariSaNmadhye sanniSaSNaM mUrtamiva mokSamArgamavAgvisarga vapuSA nirUpayantaM yuktyAgama kuzalaM parahita pratipAdanakakAryamArya niSevyaM nirgrnthaacaaryvrym|" 1. tadIyavaMzA karataH pramiddhAdabhUdadoSA yati ratnamAlA / babhau yadantarmaNivanmunIndra : sa kundakundoditacaNDadaNDaH / / 10 abhUdumAsvAti muniH pavitra vaze tadIye sklaarthvedii| sUtrIkRtaM yena jinapraNItaM zAstrArthajAtaM munipuGgavena // 11 sa prANisaMrakSaNe'vadhAno babhAra yogI kila gRddha picchAn / tadA prabhRtyeva budhA yamAhurAcAryazabdottaragRddhapiccham // 12 2. taha gaDapicchAiriyappayAsida taccatthasutta vi-"vartanA pariNAmakriyAparatvAparatve ca kAlasya / " (dhavalA. 504 pR0 316) 3. "etena guddhapicchAcArya paryanta munisUtreNa vyabhicAritA nirastA prakRta suutre"| tattvArtha zlo0 vA0pa06 - -

Page #122
jainadharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 munirAja sabhA ke madhya meM virAjamAna the jo binA vacana bole apane zarIra se hI mAno mUrtidhArI mokSa mArga kA nirUpaNa kara rahe the / yukti aura prAgama meM kuzala the, parahita kA nirUpaNa karanA hI jinakA eka kArya thA, tathA uttamottama zrArya puruSa jinakI sevA karate the, aise digambarAcArya gRddhapicchAcArya the / maisUra prAnta ke nagaratAlluka ke 46 va zilAlekha meM likhA hai 85 karatA hU~ / tatvArtha sUtrakartAramumAsvAti munIzvaram / zrutavalidezIyaM vande'haM guNamandiram / ' maiM tattvArtha sUtra ke kartA, guNoM ke mandira evaM zrutakevalI ke tulya zrI umAsvAti munirAja ko namaskAra tatvArtha sUtra kI mUla pratiyoM ke anta meM prApta hone vAle nimna padya meM tattvArtha sUtra ke kartA, gRddhapicchopalakSita umAsvAmiyA umAsvAti munirAja kI vandanA kI gaI hai / 'tasvArtha sUtrakartAraM gRddhapicchopalakSitam / vande gaNIndra saMjAta mumAsvAmi ( ti ) munIzvaram / / isa taraha umAsvAti prAcArya, umAsvAmI aura gRddhapicchAcArya nAma se bhI loka meM prasiddha rahe haiM / mahA kavi pampa ( 41 ) I0 ne apane Adi purANa meM umAsvAti ko 'zrAryanuta gRdhdrapicchAcArya' likhA hai / isI taraha cAmuNDarAya (vi0 saM0 1035 ) ne apane tripaSTilakSaNa purANa meM tattvArtha sUtrakartA ko gRddhapicchAcArya likhA hai ' / AcArya vAdirAja (zaka saMo 147 - vi0 sa0 1082 ) ne apane pArzvanAthacarita meM prAcArya gRddhapiccha kA nimna zabdoM meM ullekha kiyA hai : tuccha guNasaMpAtaM gRddhapicchaM nato'smi tam / pakSI kurvanti yaM bhavyA nirvANAyotpatiSNavaH || maiM una gRddhapiccha ko namaskAra karatA hUM, jo mahAn guNoM ke Akara hai, jo nirvANa ko ur3akara pahu~cane kI icchA rakhane vAle bhavyoM ke lie paMkhoM kA kAma dete hai / anya aneka uttaravartI AcAryoM ne bhI tattvArthasUtra ke kartA kA gRddhapicchAcArya rUpa se ullekha kiyA hai / zravaNabelagola ke 105 ve zilAlekha meM likhA hai ki- AcArya umAsvAti khyAti prApta vidvAna the / yatiyoM ke adhipati umAsvAti ne tasvArtha sUtra ko prakaTa kiyA hai, jo mokSamArga meM udyata hue prajAjanoM ke lie utkRSTa pAtheya kA kAma detA hai| jinakA dUsarA nAma gRddhaviccha hai / unake eka ziSya balAkapiccha the, jinake sUkti-ratna muktyaMganA ke mohana karane ke lie zrAbhUSaNoM kA kAma dete hai 3 / ina saba ullekhoM se spaSTa hai ki unakA gRddhamicchArya nAma bahuta prasiddha thA / ve jinAgama ke pAragAmI vidvAna the / isI se tattvArthasUtra ke TIkAkAra samantabhadra, pUjyapAda, akalaka aura vidyAnanda Adi muniyoM ne bar3e hI zraddhApUrNa zabdoM meM inakA ullekha kiyA hai| 1 1. vasumatige negale tattvArtha sUtrama veTadagRddhapicchAcAryA / jamadi- digannamamudrimijinazAsanadamatimeya prakaTasidara // 3 2. vikrama kI 13 vI zatAbdI ke vidvAna bAlacanda muni ne tasvArtha sUtra kI kanar3I TIkA meM umAsvAti nAma ke sAtha gRddhapicchAcArya kA bhI nAma diyA hai| 3. zrImAnumAmvAtirayaM yatIzastattvArtha sUtraM prakaTIcakAra / yanmuktimArgAcarodyatAnAM pAtheyamarghyaM bhavati prajAnAm / / 15 tasyaiva ziSyo'jani gRddhapiccha dvitIya saMjJamya balAka picchaH / yatsUktiratnAni bhavanti loke muktyaMganAmohanamaNDanAni / / 16

Page #123
umAsvAti (gRddhapicchAcArya) racanA gRddha picchAcArya kI isa racanA kA nAma 'tattvArthasUtra' hai| prastuta grantha daza adhyAyoM meM vibhAjita hai| isameM jIvAdi saptatattvoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| jaina sAhitya meM yaha saMskRtabhASA kA eka maulika pAdya sUtra grantha hai / isake pahale saMskRtabhASA meM jana sAhitya kI racanA haI hai, isakA koI AdhAra nahIM miltaa| yaha eka laghukAya sUtra grantha hote hue bhI usameM prameyo kA bar3I sundaratA se kathana kiyA gayA hai| racanA praur3ha aura gambhIra hai| isameM jainavAGmaya kA rahasya antanihita hai| isa kAraNa yaha grantha jaina paramparA meM samAnarUpa se mAnya hai| dArzanika jagata meM to yaha prasiddha huA hI hai; kintu AdhyAtmika jagata meM isakA samAdara kama nahIM hai / hinduoM meM jisa taraha gItA kA, musalamAnoM meM kurAna kA, aura IsAiyoM meM bAibila kA jo mahattva hai vahI mahatva jaina paramparA meM tattvArtha sUtra ko prApta hai| grantha ke daza adhyAyoM meM se prathama ke cAra adhyAyoM meM jIva tattva kA, pAMcaveM adhyAya meM ajIva tattva kA, chaThaveM aura sAtaveM adhyAya meM prAsravatattva kA, AThaveM adhyAya meM bandhatattva kA, navameM adhyAya meM saMvara aura nirjarA kA aura dazaveM adhyAya meM mokSatattva kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| tattvArtha sUtra kA nimna maMgala padya sUtrakAra kI kRti hai| isakA nirdeza prAcArya vidyAnanda ne kiyA hai| mokSamArgasya netAraM bhettAraM karmabhUbhRtAm / jJAtAraM vizvatattvAnAM vande tadguNa labdhaye / / anya kucha vidvAna ime sUtrakAra kI kRti nahI mAnate / usameM yaha hetu dete haiM ki pUjyapAda ne usakI TIkA nahIM kI, ataeva vaha padya satrakAra kI kRti nahIM hai, kintu yaha koI niyAmaka nahIM hai ki TIkAkAra magala padya kI bhI TIkA kare hI kre| TIkAkAra kI marjI hai ki vaha maMgala padya kI TIkA kare yA na kare, isake lie TIkAkAra kI koI jimmedArI nahIM hai / phira isa maMgala padya meM vahI vipaya vaNita hai jo tattvArtha sUtra ke daza adhyAyoM meM carcita hai| mokSamArga kA netRttva, vizvatattva kA jJAna, aura karma ke vinAza kA ullekha hai| isase maMgala padya sUtrakAra kI kRti jAna par3atA hai| prAcArya vidyAnanda ne spaSTa rUpa se 'svAmimImAMsitama, vAkya dvArA samantabhadra kI prAptamImAMsA kA ullekha kiyA hai / ataeva vidyAnanda kI dRSTi meM ukta padya sUtrakAra kA hI hai| tattvArtha sUtra kI mahimA prasiddha hai : dazAdhyAye paricchanne tatvArthaM paThate sati / phalaM syAdupavAsasya bhASitaM munipuMgavaH / / dazAdhyAya pramANa tatvArthasUtra kA pATha aura anugama na karane para muni pugavoM ne eka upavAsa kA phala batalAyA hai| eka upavAsa karane para karma kI jitanI nirjarA hotI hai, utanI nirjarA artha samajhate hae tatvArtha satra ke pATha karane se hotI hai| isI kAraNa se digambara sampradAya meM to pratyeka aSTamI aura caturdazI ko striyA~ aura puruSa usakA pATha karate aura sunate hai / daza lakSaNa parva ke dinoM meM isake eka eka adhyAya para pratidina pravacana hote. haiM aura janatA inheM bar3I zraddhA ke sAtha zravaNa karatI hai| isakI mahattA isase bhI jJAta hotI hai ki donoM sampradAyoM meM isa sUtra grantha para mahatvapUrNa TIkA-TippaNI likhe gae haiN| digambara sampradAya meM isa para gandhahasti mahAbhASya, tatvArthavRtti, sarvArthasiddhi, tatvArtharAjavArtika, tatvArthazlokavAtika tatvArthavRtti (zrutasAgarI) aura bhAskaranandi kI sukhabodhavRtti Adi aneka TIkA grantha likhe gae haiM / dazavIM zatAbdI ke prAcArya amRtacandra ne ukta tattvArtha sUtra kA saMskRta padyAnuvAda kiyA hai| zravaNa belagola ke zilAlekha se jJAta hotA hai ki zivakoTi ne bhI tatvArthasUtra kI koI TIkA likhI hai, jaisA ki zilAlekha ke nimna padya se spaSTa hai| "ziSyo tadIyo zivakoTisUristapolatAlambana dehayaSTiH / 'saMsAravArAkarapotametattatvArthasUtraM tadalaMcakAra // "

Page #124
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 yadyapi yaha TIkA anupalabdha hai isa kAraNa isake sambandha meM kucha likhanA sambhava nahIM hai, parantu yaha padya usa TIkA para se liyA gayA jAna par3atA hai| ___ vartamAna meM tattvArtha sUtra ke do pATha pracalita haiM-eka sarvArthasiddhimAnya digambara sUtrapATha, aura dUsarA bhASyamAnya zvetAmbara sUtrapATha / zvetAmbara sampradAya tattvArthAdhigama bhASya ko svopajJa mAnatI hai, para usa para vicAra karane se usakI svopajJatA nahIM bntii| kyoMki mUlasUtra aura bhASya eka kartA hI kI kRti nahIM mAlUma hote / tattvArtha sUtra prAcIna hai aura bhASya arvAcIna hai, bhASya likhate samaya sarvArthasiddhimAnya sUtrapATha thaa| isake lie prathama adhyAya ke 20veM sUtra kI TIkA dRSTavya hai / kahA jAtA hai ki mUlasUtra aura usakA bhASya ye donoM vilkula zvetAmbaroya zruta ke anukUla haiM, ataeva sUtrakAra umAsvAti zvetAmbara paramparA ke vidvAna haiN| para aisA nahIM hai, bhASyakAra zvetAmbara vidvAna haiM, kintu sUtrakAra digambara vidvAna haiN| yaha tattvArtha sUtra ke katipaya mUlasUtroM para se spaSTa hai, ve digambara paramparA sammata hai, zvetAmvara paramparA sammata nahIM haiN| udAharaNa svarUpa solahakAraNa bhAvanAoM vAlA sUtra, aura 22 parISahoM kA kathana karane vAle sUtra meM 'nAgnya' zabda / / yadi bhASyakAra aura sUtrakAra eka hote to bhASya kA mUla sUtroM ke sAtha virodha, matabheda, arthabheda, tathA artha kI asaMgati na hotI, aura na bhApya kA Agama se virodha hI hotA kintu bhApya meM artha kI asaMgati aura Agama se virodha dekhA jAtA hai / aisI sthiti meM vaha mUla sUtrakAra kI kRti kaise ho sakatA hai ? sUtra aura bhASya kA pAgama se bhI virodha upalabdha hotA hai / zvetAmvarIya uttarAdhyayana ke 28veM adhyayana meM mokSamArga kA varNana karate hue usake cAra kAraNa batalAye haiM, jJAna, darzana, cAritra aura tapa / jaba ki tattvArthasUtra ke prathama adhyAya ke pahale sUtra meM tIna kAraNa darzana, jJAna aura cAritra batalAye haiN| zvetAmbarIya Agama meM sat Adi anuyoga dvAroM kI saMkhyA mAnI hai / jaba ki bhApya meM pATha anuyoga dvAroM kA ullekha hai / zvetAmbarIya sUtra pATha ke dUsare adhyAya meM 'nirvattyupakaraNe dravyendriyam' nAma kA jo 17vAM sUtra hai, usake bhASya meM upakaraNa bAhyAbhyAntaraM isa vAkya ke dvArA upakaraNa ke vAhya aura abhyantara aise do bheda bAhya kiye gaye haiM / parantu zve0 Agama meM upakaraNa ke ye do bhedanahIM mAne gaye haiN| isI se siddhasena gaNI apanI TIkA meM likhate haiMmAgame tu nAsti kazcidantarbahirbheda upakaraNasyetyAcAryasyaiva kuto'pi sampradAya iti / " Agama meM upakaraNa kA koI antarbAhya bheda nahIM hai| prAcArya kA hI kahIM se koI sampradAya hai| bhASyakAra ne kisI mAnyatA para se use aMgIkRta kiyA hai| upakaraNa ke ina donoM bhedoM kA ullekha pUjyapAda ne sarvArthasiddhi 2-17 kI vRtti meM kiyA hai| kAra ne ukta donoM bheda sarvArthasiddhi se liye haiN| isase bhI bhASyakAra pUjyapAda ke bAda ke vidvAna haiN| jaba mUlasUtrakAra aura bhApyakAra jude jude vidvAna haiM taba unakA samaya eka kaise ho sakatA hai ? sAtha hI sUtrakAra prAcIna aura bhASyakAra arvAcIna Thaharate haiM / ataH bhApya ko svopajJatA saMbhava nahIM hai| samaya vattvArtha sUtra ke kartA umAsvAti (gRddhapicchAcArya) cUMki kundakundAnvaya meM hue haiM, inake tattvArthasUtra ke maMgala padya ko lekara vidyAnanda ke anusAra svAmI samantabhadra ne Apta kI mImAMsA kI hai| samantabhadrAcArya kA samaya vikrama kI dvitIya zatAbdI mAnA jAya to umAsvAti unase pUrva dUsarI zatAbdI ke vidvAna hone caahiye| zilAlekhAnusAraM inake ziSya kA nAma balAkapiccha thaa| zvetAmbarIya mAnya vidvAna paM0 sukhalAla jI ne umAsvAti kA samaya ta prastAvanA meM vikrama kI tIsarI-cauthI zatAbdI batalAyA hai / yaha samaya bhASya ko svopajJatA ko dRSTi meM rakhakara batalAyA gayA hai| 1. se ki taM apagame ? nava bihe paNNatte / anuyoga dvAra sUtra 80 2. sat saMkhyA kSetra sparzana kAlaH antarabhAvaH alpabahutva mityetaizca sadbha, tapada prarUpaNAdibhiraSTAbhiranuyogadvAraH sarvabhAvAnAM (tattvAnAM) vikalpazo vistarAdhigamo bhavati / " 3. zvetAmbara tattvArthasUtra aura usake bhASya kI jAMca nAma kA lekha / anekAnta varSa 5 ki0 3-4 pR. 107, ki05 pR. 173

Page #125
balAkapiccha balAkapiccha kauNDa kundAnvayI gRddhapicchAcArya (umAsvAti) ke ziSya the| ye bar3e vidvAna tapasvI the| unakI kIrti bhavanatraya meM vyApta thii| unake guNanandI nAma ke ziSya the, jo cAritra cakrezvara aura tarka vyAkaraNAdi zAstroM meM nipuNa the| inakA samaya saMbhavataH dUsarI-tIsarI zatAbdI hai| dUsarI sadI ke prAcArya llaMgovADigala yaha cera rAjakumAra zeMgoTTavana kA bhAI thA aura jainadharma kA anuyAyI thA para isakA bhAI zeMgoTTavana zavadharma anuyAyI thaa| isakI racanA tamila bhASA kA prasiddha grantha zilappadi kAram' hai / usa samaya vahA~ dhArmika sahana zIlatA thI aura rAjagharAnoM taka meM jainadharma kA praveza ho cukA thaa| isa grantha kA racanA kAla IsA kI dUsarI zatAbdI hai / isa grantha meM tathA maNimekhale meM tatkAlIna dravir3a saMskRti kA spaSTa citra dekhA jA sakatA hai| isa kAvya meM jaina AcAra vicAroM ke tathA jaina vidyA kendroM ke ullekha me pAThakoM ke mana para nissandeha prabhAva par3e vinA nahIM rahatA, ki dravir3oM kA bahubhAga usa samaya jaina dharma ko apanAye hae thaa| zilappAdi kArabha kI kathA bar3I rocaka mArmika aura aitihAsika hai| zilappadikArama kI pramukha pAtrA kauntI eka jaina sAdhvI hai, aura jaina dharma kI saMpAlikA hai, jina deva aura unake siddhAntoM para usakI bar3I prAsthA hai, vaha eka sthAna para kahatI hai : jisane rAga, dvepa aura moha ko jIta liyA hai, mere karNa usake atirikta anya kisI kA bhI upadeza nahIM sUnanA cAhate, merI jihvA kAma jetA bhagavAna ke 1 hajAra pATha 1008 nAmoM ke sivAya anya kucha bhI kahanA nahIM cAhatI / merI AMkheM usa svayambhU ke caraNa yugala ke sivA anya kucha nahIM dekhanA caahtiiN| mere donoM hAtha arhanta ke sivA kisI anya ke abhivAdana meM kabhI nahIM jur3a sakate / merA mastaka phUloM ke Upara calane vAle arhanta ke sivAya anya koI phala dhAraNa nahIM kara sakatA / merA mana arhanta bhagavAna ke vacanoM ke sivA anya kisI meM bhI nahIM rmtaa| kartA ne anya dharmoM ke sambandha meM bhI acchA kahA hai / yadyapi grantha meM vividha saMskRtiyoM aura dharmoM kA citraNa hai. kinta usakA pakSapAta jainadharma kI prora hai / grantha meM ahiMsAdi siddhAntoM kI acchI vivecanA kI hai| kartA kA dRSTikoNa udAra aura zailI sundara hai / isa kAraNa yaha grantha sabhI ko rucikara hai| 1. zrI gaddhapicchamunipasya balAkapicchaH ziSyo'janiSTa bhavanatrayavatikIrti / cAritracaJcurakhilAvanipAla mauli-mAlAzilImukhavirAjitapAdapadyaH / -janalekha saM0bhAga 1 pR072

Page #126
prAcAyaM samantabhadra jIvana-paricaya prAcArya samantabhadra vikrama kI dUsarI-tIsarI zatAbdI ke prasiddha tArkika vidvAna the| ve asAdhAraNa vidyA ke dhanI the, aura unameM kavitva eva vAgmitvAdi zaktiyA~ vikAsa kI caramAvasthA ko prApta ho gaI thiiN| samantabhadra kA janma dakSiNa bhArata meM huA thaa| ve eka kSatriya rAjaputra the| unake pitA phaNimaNDalAntargata uragapura ke rAjA the| unakA janma nAma zAntivarmA thaa| unhoMne kahAM aura kisake dvArA zikSA pAI, isakA koI ullekha nahIM milatA / unako kRtiyoM kA adhyayana karane se yaha spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki unakI jainadharma meM bar3I zraddhA thI, aura unakA usake prati bhArI anurAga thaa| ve usakA pracAra karanA cAhate the| isIlie unhoMne rAjya vaibhava ke moha kA parityAga kara guru se jana dIkSA le lI, aura tapazcaraNa dvArA Atmazakti ko bddh'aayaa| samantabhadra kA muni jIvana mahAn tapasvI kA jIvana thaa| ve hisAdi paMca mahAvratoM kA pAlana karate the aura IryA-bhASA-piNAdi pAMca samitiyoM dvArA unhe puSTa karate the| paMca-indriyoM ke nigraha meM sadA tatpara, mana-vacana-kAyarUpa guptitraya ke pAlana meM dhIra, aura sAmAyikAdi paDAvazyaka kriyAoM ke anuSThAna meM sadA sAvadhAna rahate the aura isa bAtakA sadA dhyAna rakhate the ki merI dainikacaryA yA kapAyabhAva ke udaya se kabhI kisI jIva ko kaSTa na pahu~ca jAya / athavA pramAdavaza koI bAdhA na utpanna ho jAya / isa kAraNa ve dina meM padamadita mArga se calate the / calate samaya ve apanI daSTi ko idhara udhara nahI ghumAte the ; kintu unakI dRSTi madA mArgazodhana meM agrasara rahatI thii| ve rAtri meM gamana nahIM karate the aura nidrAmeM bhI ve itanI sAvadhAno ragvate the ki jaba kabhI karvaTa badalanA hI Avazyaka hotA to pIchI se parimArjita karake hI badalate the| tathA pIchI, kamaMDalu aura pustakAdi vastuoM ko dekha-bhAlakara uThAte rakhate the, eva mala-mUtrAdi bhI prAzaka bhUmi meM hI kSepaNa karate the| ve upasarga paripahoM ko sAmyabhAva se sahate hue bhI kabhI citta meM dilagIra yA khedita nahIM hote the| unakA bhApaNa hita-mita aura priya hotA thaa| ve bhrAmarI vRtti se Unodara AhAra lete the / para use jIvana-yAtrA kA mAtra avalamvana (sahArA) samajhate the aura jJAna-dhyAna eva saMyama kI vRddhi aura zArIrika sthiti kA sahAyaka mAnate the / svAda ke lie unhoMne kabhI AhAra nahIM liyaa| isa taraha ve mUlAcAra (AcArAMga) meM pratipAdita caryA ke anusAra vratoM kA anuSThAna karate the| aTThAIsa mUlaguNoM aura uttaraguNoM kA pAlana karate hue unakI virAdhanA na ho, isakA sadA dhyAna rakhate the| bhasmakavyAdhi aura usakA zamana ___ municaryA kA nirdoSa pAlana karate hue bhI karmodayavaza unheM bhasmaka vyAdhi ho gii| usake hone para bhI ve kabhI apanI caryA se calAyamAna nahIM hue| jaba jaTharAgni kI tIvratA bhojana kA tiraskAra karatI huI use kSaNamAtra meM bhasma karane lagI; kyoMki vaha bhojana sImita aura nIrasa hotA thA, usase jaTharAgni kI tRpti honA sabhava nahI thaa| usake liye to guru, snigdha, zItala aura madhura annapAna jabataka yatheSTa parimANa meM na mile, to vaha jaTharAgni zarIra ke rakta-mAMsAdi dhAtuoM ko bhasma kara detI hai| zarIra meM daurbalya ho jAtA hai, tRSA, dAha aura mUrchAdika anya aneka bAdhAeM utpanna ho jAtI haiN| bar3hatI huI kSudhA ke kAraNa unheM asahya vedanA hone lagI, kahA bhI hai'kSudhA samA nAsti zarIra vedanA' bhUkha ko bar3I vedanA hotI hai| samantabhadra ne jaba yaha anubhava kiyA ki roga isa taraha zAnta nahIM hotA, kintu durbalatA nirantara bar3hatI jA rahI hai, ataH muni pada ko sthira rakhate hue isa roga kA pratIkAra honA saMbhava nahIM hai, durbalatA ke kAraNa jaba Avazyaka kriyAoM meM bhI bAdhA par3ane lagI, taba unhoMne guru jI se bhasmaka vyAdhi kA ullekha karate hue nivedana kiyA ki--bhagavan ! isa roga ke rahate hue nirdoSa caryA kA pAlana karanA aba prazakya ho gayA hai / ataH mujhe samAdhimaraNa kI prAjJA dIjie / parantu guru bar3e vidvAna, tapasvI, dhIra-vIra

Page #127
AcArya samantabhadra evaM sAhasI the| ve samantabhadra kI jIvanacaryA se acchI taraha paricita the, nimitta jJAnI the, aura yaha bhI jAnate the ki samantabhadra alpAyu nahIM haiM ! aura bhaviSya meM inase janadharma kA vizeSa pracAra evaM prabhAva hone kI saMbhAvanA hai| aisA socakara unhoMne samantabhadra ko Adeza diyA ki samantabhadra ! tuma samAdhimaraNa ke sarvathA ayogya ho| isa veSa ko chor3akara pahale bhasmaka vyAdhi ko zAnta kro| jaba vyAdhi zAnta ho jAya, taba prAyazcitta lekara muni pada le lenaa| samantabhadra ! tumhAre dvArA janadharma kA acch| pracAra hogaa| guru AjJA se samantabhadra ne muni jIvana to chor3a diyA, kintu usakA parityAga karane meM unhe jo kaSTa aura kheda huA vaha vacana agocara hai kyoMki unheM muni jovana se anurAga ho gayA thaa| ve use chor3anA nahI cAhate the ataH use chor3ane meM du:kha honA svAbhAvika hai, para guru kI prAjJA kA ulaMghana karanA samucita nahI hai aisA socakara muniveSa kA parityAga kara diyaa| pada chor3ane ke bAda ve zarIra kA bhasma se AcchAdita kara, aura saMgha ko abhivAdana kara eka vIra yoddhA kI taraha 'maNuvakahallI se cale gaye aura kAJco (kAjI varama) phuNce| unhoMne vahAM ke rAjA ko AzIrvAda diyaa| rAjA unakI isa bhadrAkRti ko dekha kara vismita hue, aura usane unheM ziva samajhakara praNAma kiyaa| rAjakIya zivamandira meM jo bhoga lagatA thA, usase unakI bhasmaka vyAdhi zAnta ho gii| rAjA ne samantabhadra se zivapiNDI ko praNAma karane kA Agraha kiyaa| taba samantabhadra ne svayaMbhUstotra kI racanA kI, aura pAThavaM tIrthakara kI stuti karate hue candraprabha bhagavAna kI vadanA ko / usI samaya piNDo phaTakara usameM se candraprabha bhagavAna kI mUrti prakaTa huii| aura usase rAjA aura prajA meM jainadharma kA prabhAva akita huaa| bhasmaka vyAdhi ke zAnta hone para mamantabhadra prAyazcita lekara punaH muni pada meM sthita ho ge| unhoMne vIra zAsana kA udyota karane ke lie vividha dezoM meM vihAra kiyaa| vAda-vijaya svAmI samantabhadra ke asAdhAraNa guNoM kA prabhAva tathA lokahita kI bhAvanA se dharmapracAra ke lie dezATana kA kitanA hI itivRtta jJAta hotA hai| usame yaha bhI jAna par3atA hai ki ve jahA~ jAte the, vahA~ ke vidvAna unako vAda ghoSaNAoM aura unake tAtvika bhApaNoM ko cupacApa suna lete the| para unakA virodha nahIM karate the| isase unake mahAn vyaktitva kA kitanA hI digdarzana ho jAtA hai| jina sthAnoM para unhoMne vAda kiyA, unakA ullekha zravaNa belgola ke zilAlekha ke nimna padya meM pAyA jAtA hai : "pUrva pATaliputra madhya nagare merI mayA tADitA, pazcAnmAlava-sindhu-Thakka-viSaye kAJcIpure vaidize / prApto'haM karahATakaM bahubhaTaM vidyotkaTaM saMkaTaM vAdArtho vicarAmyahaM narapate zArdUla vikrIDitam // " prAcArya samantabhadra ne karahATaka pahuMcane se pahale jina dezoM tathA nagaroM meM vAda ke lie vihAra kiyA thA unameM pATaliputra, mAlavA, sindhu, Thakka (paMjAba) deza, kAMcIpura (kAMjIvaram) aura vidizA (bhilasA) ye pradhAna deza tathA janapada the, jahA~ unhoMne vAda-bherI vajAI thii| "kAMcyAM nagnATako'haM malamalinatanu lAmbuze pANDupiNDaH, puNDoMDe zAkyabhikSaH dazapura nagare miSTabhojI parivATa vArANasyAmabhUvaM zazadharadhavalaH pANDurAgastapasvI, rAjan yasyAsti zaktiH sa vadatu purato jaina nimranthavAdI // " 1. raNAmeM samaMtabhaddu vi muriMNadu, aiNimmalu NaM puNNamahicaMdu / jiu rajiu rAyArudda koDi, jiraNathatti-mittimiva piDiphoDi / / -caMdappahacariu prazasti

Page #128
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa--bhAga 2 14 samantabhadra jahA~ jisa bheSa meM pahu~ce usakA ullekha isa padya meM kiyA gayA hai| sAtha meM yaha bhI vyakta kara diyA hai ki maiM jaina nirgrantha vAdI huuN| he rAjan ! jisakI zakti ho sAmane prAkara vAda kre| prAcArya samantabhadra ke vacanoM kI yaha khAsa vizeSatA thI ki unake vacana syAdvAda nyAya kI tulA meM nape samantabhadra svayaM parIkSA pradhAnI the, prAcArya vidyAnanda ne unheM 'parivekSaNa' parIkSA netra se sabako hai| ve dUsaroM ko bhI parIkSA pradhAnI banane kA upadeza dete the| unakI vANI kA yaha jabardasta prabhAva thA ki kaThora bhASaNa karane vAle bhI unake samakSa mRdubhASI bana jAte the| mahAna vyaktitva prAcArya samantabhadra ke asAdhAraNa vyaktitva ke viSaya meM paMcAyatI mandira dillI ke eka jIrNa-zIrNa gucchaka meM svayambhU stotra ke anta meM pAye jAne vAle padya meM daza vizeSaNoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai : prAcAryo'haM kavirahamahaM vAdirAT paNDito'haM / vaivajJo'haM bhiSagahamahaM mAMtrikastAMtriko'haM / rAjannasyAM jaladhivalayA mekhalAyAmilAyAma / prAjJAsiddhiH kimiti bahunA siddha sArasvato'ham // isa padya ke sabhI vizeSaNa mahatvapUrNa haiN| kintu inameM prAjJAsiddha aura siddha sArasvata ye do vizeSaNa samantabhadra ke asAdhAraNa vyaktitva ke dyotaka haiM / ve svayaM rAjA ko sambodhita karate hue kahate haiM ki he rAjan ! maiM isa samudra valayA pRthvI para AjJA siddha hU~-jo Adeza detA hU~ vahI hotA hai| aura adhika kyA kahUM maiM siddha sArasvata hU~-sarasvatI mujhe siddha hai / sarasvatI kI siddhi meM hI vAdazakti kA rahasya sannihita hai| guNa-gaurava ___ svAmI samantabhadra ko prAdya stutikAra hone kA gaurava bhI prApta hai| zvetAmbarIya prAcArya malayagiri ne 'aAvazyaka sUtra' kI TIkA meM 'AdyastutikAro'pyAha-vAkya ke sAtha svayaMbhUstotrakA 'nayAstava syAtpadasatyalAJchana (jchitA) ime' nAma kA zloka uddhRta kiyA hai / prAcArya samantabhadra ke sambandha meM uttaravartI prAcAryoM, kaviyoM, vidvAnoM ne aura zilAlekhoM meM unake yaza kA khulA gAna kiyA gayA hai| AcArya jinasena ne unheM kaviyoM ko utpanna karane vAlA vidhAtA (brahmA) batalAyA hai, aura likhA hai ki unake vajrapAtarUpI vacana se kumatirUpI parvata khaNDa-khaNDa ho gaye the|' kavi vAdIbhasiha sUri ne samantabhadra munIzvara kA jayaghoSa karate hue unheM sarasvatI kI svacchanda vihAra bhUmi batalAyA hai| aura likhA hai ki unake vacanarUpI vajranipAta se pratipakSI siddhAntarUpa parvatoM kI coTiyA~ khaNDa-khaNDa ho gaI thii| samantabhadra ke prAge pratipakSI siddhAntoM kA koI gaurava nahIM raha gayA thaa| prAcArya jinasena ne samantabhadra ke vacanoM ko vIra bhagavAna ke vacanoM ke samAna batalAyA hai| 1. namaH samantabhadrAya mahate kavi vedhase / yadvaco vacapAtena nibhinnA kumatAdrayaH // 2. sarasvatI-svara-vihArabhUmayaH samantabhadra pramukhA munIzvarAH / jayanti vAgvana-nipAta-pArita-pratIpa gaddhAnta mahIdhrakoTayaH / / -gadyacintAmaNi 3. vacaH samantabhadrasya vIrasyeva vija bhate // -harivaMza purANa

Page #129
AcArya samantabhadra zaka saMvat 1056 ke eka zilAlekha meM to yahAM taka likhA hai ki svAmo samantabhadra varddhamAna svAmI ke tIrtha kI sahasraguNI vRddhi karate hue udaya ko prApta hue|' vIranandi AcArya ne 'candraprabha caritra' meM likhA hai ki-guNoM se-pUta ke dhAgoM se gUtho gaI nirmala gola motiyoM se yukta aora uttama puruSAM ke kaNTha kA vibhUSaNa vano huI hArayaSTi ko-zreSTha motiyoM ko mAlA ko-prApta kara lenA utanA kaThina nahIM hai jitanA kaThina samantabhadra ko bhArato (vANI) ko pA lenA kaThina hai, kyoMki vaha vANI nirmalavRtta (cAritra) rUpo muktAphaloM se yukta hai aura bar3e bar3e muni puMgavoM-AcAryoM ne apane kaNTha kA AbhUSaNa banAyA hai, jaisA ki usake nimna padya se spaSTa hai: guNAvintA nirmalavRtta mauktikA narottamaiH kaNTha vibhUSaNI kRtaa| na hArayaSTiH parameva durlabhA samantabhadrAdi bhavA ca bhaartii|| isa taraha samantabhadra kI vANI ko jinhoMne hRdayagama kiyA hai ve usako gabhoratA ora garutA se vAkifa haiN| AcArya samantabhadra kI bhAratI (vANI) kitanI mahatvapUrNa hai ise batalAne kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| svAmI samantabhadra ne apanI lokopakAriNI vANI se jainamArga ko saba ora se kalyANakArI banAne kA prayatna kiyA hai / jinhoMne unakI bhAratI kA adhyayana aura manana kiyA hai ve usake mahatva se paricita haiN| unakA vANo meM upeya aura upAya donoM tattvoM kA kathana akita hai ja pUrva pakSa kA nirAkaraNa karane meM samartha hai, jisameM saptabhaMgoM aura saptanayoM dvArA jIvAdi tattvoM kA parijJAna karAyA gayA hai aura jisameM pAgama dvArA vastu dharmoM ko siddha kiyA gayA hai, jisake prabhAva se pAtrakezarI jaise brAhmaNa vidvAna jainadharma kI zaraNa meM Akara prabhAvazAlI prAcArya baneM, jo akalaMka aura vidyAnanda jaise mUni pagavoM ke bhASya aura TIkAgrantha se alaMkRta hai vaha samantabhadra vANo sabhI ke dvArA abhinandana nIya, vandanIya aura smaraNIya hai| kRtiyA~ ___isa samaya prAcArya samantabhadra kI 5 kRtiyA~ upalabdha haiN| devAgama (AptamImAMsA) svayaMbhUstotra, yuktyanuzAsana, jina zataka (stutividyA) aura ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra / inake atirikta jIvasiddhi nAma ko kRti kA ullekha to milatA hai para vaha abhI taka kahIM se upalabdha nahIM huI / yahA~ upalaldha kRtiyoM kA paricaya diyA jAtA hai| devAgama-jisa taraha AdinAtha stotra aura pAzrvanAtha stAtra 'bhaktamara aura kalyANamandira' jaise zabdoM se prArambha hone ke kAraNa bhaktAmara aura kalyANa mandira nAma se ullekhita 'bhaktAmara' aura kalyANa" mandira' kahA jAtA hai| usI taraha yaha grantha bhI 'devAgama' zabdoM se prArambha hone ke kAraNa devAgama kahA jAne lgaa| isakA dasarA nAma AptamImAMsA hai| grantha meM daza pariccheda aura 114 kArikAe~ haiM / granthakAra ne vIra jina kI parIkSA kara unheM sarvajJa aura Apta batalAyA hai, tathA yuktizAstra virodhI vAkahetu ke dvArA prApta kI parIkSA kI gaI hai-arthAta jinake vacana yUkti aura zAstra se avirodhi pAye gaye unheM hI prApta batalAyA hai| aura jinake vacana yakti aura zAstra ke virAdhI pAye gaye aura jinake vacana bAdhita haiM, unheM prApta nahIM btlaayaa| sAtha meM yaha bhI batalAyA ki he bhagavan ! Apake zAsanAmRta se bAhya jo sarvathA ekAntavAdI haiM, ve prApta nahIM haiM, kintu Apta ke abhimAna se 1. dekho belUratAlluke kA zilAlekha naM0 17, jo saumyanAtha ke mandira kI chata ke eka patthara para utkIrNa hai| -svAmI samantabhadra pR0 46 2. jainavartma samantabhadramabhavadbhadraM samantAtmuhuH / -malliSeNa prazasti 3. jIva siddhi vidhAyIha kRtayuktyanu zAsanam / vacaH samantabhadrasya vIrasyeva vijRmbhate // -harivaMza purANa 1-30

Page #130
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 dagdha haiN| kyoMki unake dvArA pratipAdita iSTa tattva pratyakSa pramANa se bAdhita hai| isa kAraNa bhagavAna prApa hI nirdoSa haiN| pazcAta una ekAntavAdoM kI-bhAvakAnta, abhAvakAnta, ubhayakAnta, pravAcyataikAnta, dvaitaikAnta, pravartakAnta, pRthaktvakAnta, nityakAnta, pranityakAnta, kSaNikakAnta, devakAnta, pauruSakAnta, prAdi kI samIkSA kI gaI hai| aura batalAyA hai ki ina ekAntoM ke kAraNa loka paraloka, bandha, mokSa, puNya, pApa, dharma adharma, deva puruSArtha prAdi kI vyavasthA nahIM bana sktii| prAcArya mahodaya ne ekAnta vAdiyoM ko-jo sarvathA eka rUpa mAnyatA ke prAgraha meM anurakta hai| unhe sva-para-bairI batalAyA hai| ve ekAnta pakSapAtI hone ke kAraNa sva-para vairI hai| kyoki unake mata meM zubha azubha karmo, loka paraloka Adi kI vyavasthA nahI bana sktii| kAraNa vastu ananta dharmAtmaka hai| usameM ananta dharma guNa svabhAva maujUda hai / vaha unameM se eka hI dharma ko mAnatA hai| ataeva anekAnta daSTi hI samyagdRSTi hai| aura ekAntadRSTi mithyAdRSTi hai| inakI siddhi syAdvAda se hotI hai| syAdvAda kA kathana karate hae batalAyA hai ki syAdvAda ke vinA upAdeya tattvoM kI vyavasthA bhI nahIM bntii| kyoMki syAdvAda saptabhaMga paura nayoM kI apekSA liye rahatA hai| sApekSa aura nirapekSa nayoM kA sambandha batalAte hue kahA hai ki nirapekSa naya mithyA aura sApekSa naya samyak haiM aura vastutatva kI siddhi me sahAyaka hote hai| isa sabake vivecana se grantha kI mahattA kA sahaja hI bodha ho jAtA hai| granthakAra ne likhA hai ki yaha grantha hitAbhilASI bhavya jIvoM ke liye samyaka aura mithyA upadeza ke artha vizeSa kI pratipatti ke liye racA gayA hai| isa grantha para bhaTTAkalaka deva ne 'praSTazatI' nAma kA bhApya likhA hai jo pATha sau zloka pramANa hai| aura vidyAnadAcArya ne 'aSTa sahasrI' nAma kI eka bar3I TIkA likhI hai, jo Aja bhI gUDha hai jisake rahasya ko thoDe hI vyakti jAnate hai, jise devAgamAlakRti tathA prApta mImAsAlaMkRti bhI kahA jAtA hai / devAgamAlakRti meM prA. vidyAnanda ne apTazatI ko pUrA AtmasAt kara liyA hai| aSTasahasrI para eka saskRta TIkA yazovijaya nAmaka zvetAmbarIya vidvAna kI hai aura ki sarakRta TippaNI bhI abhinava samantabhadra kRta hai cauthI TIkA devAgamavRtti hai, jisake kartA prAcArya vasanandi hai| pa0 jayacanda jI chAvar3A jayapura ne bhI isakI hindI TIkA likhI hai, jo anantakIti granthamAlA bambaI se prakAzita ho cukI hai / pa0 jugalakizora jI mukhtAra ne bhI devAgama kI TIkA likhI hai, jo vIra sevA mandira TramTa se prakAzita hai| svayaMbhUstotra-prastuta grantha kA nAma 'svayabhUstotra' yA 'caturvizati jina stuti' hai jisa taraha kalyANa mandira ekIbhAva, bhaktAmara aura siddhipriya stotroM ke samAna prArabhika zabda kI dRSTi se svayabhUstotra bhI sughaThita hai| isameM vaSabhAdi caturvizati tIrthakaro kI stuti kI gaI hai| dUsaroM ke upadeza ke binA hI jinhone svaya mokSamArga ko jAnakara aura usakA anuSThAna kara anantacatuSTaya svarUpa-ananta darzana, anantajJAna, anantamukha aura ananta vIryarUpa prAtma vikAsa ko prApta kiyA hai unhe svayabhU: kahate hai| vRSabhAdi vIra paryanta catuvizati tIrthakara ananta catapTayAdi rUpa Atma-vikAsa ko prApta hue hai, ata svayama pada ke svAmI hai / ataeva yaha svayaMbhU stotra sArthaka sajJA ko prApta hai| prastuta grantha samantabhadra bhAratI kA eka pramukha aga hai| racanA apUrva aura hRdayahAriNI hai| yadyapi yaha grantha stotra kI paddhati ko liye hue hai isa kAraNa vaha bhaktiyoga kI pradhAnatA se prota-prota hai| guNAnurAga ko 1. sa tvamevA'si nirdoSo yuktizAstrAvirodhivAk / avirodho yadiSTa te prasiddhana na badhyate // tvanmatAmRtabAhyAnAM sarvathaikAntavAdinAm / prAptAbhimAna dagdhAnAM sveSTaM dRSTena bAdhyate // -prAptamImAMsA 6-7 2. 'ekAnnagraha staMSu nAtha | sva-para-vairiSu, devAgama kA08 3. inIyAmAptamImAMsA vihitAhitamicchatA / samyagmithyopadezArtha-vizeSa-pratipattaye / / -devAgama kA0 114

Page #131
AcArya samantabhadra 67 bhakti kahate haiN| jaba taka mAnava kA ahaMkAra nahI maratA taba taka usakI vikAsa bhUmi taiyAra nahIM hotii| pahale se yadi kucha vikAsa hotA bhI hai to vaha ahakAra prAte ho viSTa ho jAtA hai, kahA bhI hai- "kiyA karAyA saba gayA jaba AyA huMkAra' / isa lokokti ke anusAra vaha dUSita ho jAtA hai / bhaktiyoga me jahAM grahakAra maratA hai vahAM vinaya kA vikAsa hotA hai| isI kAraNa vikAsa mArga meM sabame prathama bhaktiyoga ko apanAyA gayA hai| AcArya samantabhadra vikAsa ko prApta zuddhAtmAoM ke prati kitane vinamra aura unake guNoM meM kitane anurakta the, yaha unake stuti granthoM se spaSTa hai / unhoMne svayaM stuti vidyA meM apane vikAsa kA pradhAna zreya bhaktiyoga ko diyA hai| aura bhagavAna jinendra ke stavana ko bhava-vana ko bhasma karane vAlI agni batalAyA hai| aura unake smaraNa ko dukha samudra se pAra karane vAlI naukA likhA hai| unake bhajana ko loha se pArasa maNi ke sparza samAna kahA hai / vidyamAna guNoM kI alpatA kA ullaMghana karake unheM bar3hA car3hA kara kahanA loka meM stuti kahI jAtI hai / kintu samantabhadrAcArya kI stuti loka stuti jaisI nahI hai / usakA rUpa jinedra ke ananta guNoM meM se kucha guNoM kA apanI anusAra Azika kIrtana karanA hai / jinedra ke puNya guNoM kA smaraNa evaM kIrtana AtmA kI pApa pariNati ko chur3Akara use pavitra karatA hai aura grAtma vikAsa meM sahAyaka hotA hai phira bhI yaha korA stuti grantha nahI hai / isameM stuti ke bahAne jainAgama kA sAra evaM tatvajJAna kUTa kUTa kara bharA huA hai| TIkAkAra prabhAcandra ne - ' niH zeSa jinokta dharma vipayaH aura 'stavoyamasama' vizeSaNoM dvArA isa stavana ko advitIya batalAyA samantabhadra svAmI kA yaha stotra grantha apUrva hai / usameM nihita vastu tattva sva-para ke viveka karAne meM sakSama haiM / yadyapi pUjA stuti se jinadeva kA koI prayojana nahI hai, kyoMki ve vItarAga haiM- rAga dveSAdi me rahita haiM / ataH kisI kI bhakti pUjA se ve prasanna nahIM hote, kintu saccidAnandamaya hone se ve sadA prasanna svarUpa haiM / nindA me bhI unheM koI prayojana nahIM hai; kyoMki ve vaira rahita haiN| to bhI unake puNya guNoM ke smaraNa se pApa dUra bhAga jAte haiM aura pUjaka yA stuti kartA kI AtmA meM pavitratA kA saMcAra hotA hai / prAcArya mahodaya ne ise aura bhI spaSTa kiyA hai : stuti ke samaya usa sthAna para stutya cAhe maujUda ho yA na ho phala kI prApti bhI cAhe sIdhI hotI ho yA na ho parantu Atma-sAdhana meM tatpara sAdhu srotA kI viveka ke sAtha bhakti bhAva pUrvaka kI gaI stuti kuzala pariNAma kI - puNya prasAdhaka pavitra zubhabhAvoM kI - kAraNa jarUra hotI hai aura vaha kuzala pariNAma zreya phala kA dAtA hai / jaba jagata meM svAdhInatA se zreyomArga itanA sulabha hai, taba sarvadA abhipUjya he nami-jina ! aisA kona vidvAna athavA vivekI jana hai, jo ApakI stuti na kareM ? arthAt avazya hI karegA / stutiH stotuH sAdhoH kuzalapariNAmAya sa tadA, bhavenmA vA stutyaH phalamapi tatastasya ca sataH / kimevaM svAdhInyAjjagati sulabhe zrAyasa-pathe, stuyAnnatvA vidvAnasatatamabhipUjyaM namijinam / / 116 ina catuvizati tIrthakaroM ke stavanoM meM guNakIrtanAdi ke sAtha kucha aisI bAtoM kA athavA ghaTanAoM kA bhI ullekha milatA hai jo itihAsa tathA purANa me sambandha rakhatI haiM / aura svAmI samantabhadra kI lekhanI se prasUta hone ke / " svayabhRstotraTIkA bhavatIti svayaMbhUH 1. "svayaM paropadezamantareNa mokSamArgamava budhdha anuSThAya vA'nanta catuSTayatayA 2. yAthAtmyamulla ghaguNodayA''yya, loke stuti rbha riguNodadheste / ariSThamapyazamazaknuvanto vakta jina ! tvA~ kimiva stuyAma || - yuktyanu zAmana 2 3. na pUjayArthastvapi vItarAge na nindayA nAtha ! vivAnta vaire / tathApi te puNyaguNammRtinaM punAtu citta duritAJa janebhyaH // -- svayaMbhU stotra 57

Page #132
68 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 kAraNa unakA apanA khAsa mahattva hai| jaba bhagavAna pArzvanAtha para kevala jJAna hone se pUrva kamaTha ke jova sambara nAmaka deva ne upasarga kiyA thA aura dharaNendra padmAvatI ne una kI saMrakSA kA prayatna kiyA thA, taba unheM kevalajJAna prApta huyA / aura vaha saMvara deva bhI kAla labdhi pAkara zAnta ho gayA aura usane samyakatva kI vizuddhatA prApta kara lii| prAcArya mahodaya ne bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke kaivalya jIvana kI usa mahatvapUrNa ghaTanA kA ullekha kiyA hai-jaba bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ko vidhuta kalmaSa aura zamopadeza Izvara ke rUpa meM dekhakara ve vanavAsI tapasvI bhI zaraNa meM prApta hae the, jo apane zramako-pacAgni sAdhanAdi rUpa prayAsa ko-viphala samajha gae the, aura bhagavAna jaise vidhata kalmaSa ghAtikarma catUpTayarUpa pApa se rahita Izvara hone kI icchA rakhate the, una tapasviyoM kI saMkhyA sAta sau batalAI gaI hai1 / yathA : yamIzvara vIkSyavidhUta-kalmaSaM tapAdhanAste'pi tathA babhUSavaH / vanaukasaH svazrama-vandhyabuddhayaH zamopadeza zaraNaM prapedire // 4 isa taraha yaha stotra grantha atyanta mahatvapUrNa kRti hai, isameM stavana ke sAtha dArzanikatA kA pUTa bhI akita hai| stutividyA isa grantha kA mUla nAma 'stutividyA' hai, jaisA ki prathama magala padya meM prayukta hue 'stuti vidyAM prasAdhaye' pratijJA vAkya se jJAta hotA hai / yaha zabdAlakAra pradhAna kAvya grantha hai / isame citrAlaMkAra ke aneka rUpoM ko diyA gayA hai, unheM dekhakara AcArya mahodaya ke agAdha kAvyakauzala kA sahaja hI bhAna ho jAtA hai| isa grantha ke kavi nAma garbhacakravAle 'gatvaika stutameva' 116 ve padya ke sAtave valaya meM 'zAntivarmakRtaM' aura cauthe valaya meM 'jinastutizataM, nikalatA hai| grantha meM kaI taraha ke cakravRtta diye haiN| AcArya ne apane isa grantha ko 'samasta guNagaNopetA' aura sarvAlaMkAra bhUSitA' batalAyA hai| yaha grantha itanA gUr3ha hai ki binA saMskRta TIkA ke lagAnA prAyaH azakya hai| isI se TIkAkAra ne 'yoginAmapi duSkarA' vizeSaNa diyA hai aura use yogiyoM ke lie bhI duSkara batalAyA hai| AcArya mahodaya ne grantha racanA kA uddezya prathama padya meM 'bhAgamAM jaye' vAkya dvArA pApo ko jItanA batalAyA hai| isase isa grantha kI mahattA kA sahaja hI patA cala jAtA hai| vAstava meM pApoM ko kaise jItA jAtA hai, yaha baDA hI rahasyapUrNa viSaya hai| isa viSaya meM yahAM itanA likhanA hI paryApta hogA ki jina tIrthakaroM ko stuti kI gaI hai-ve saba pApavijetA hue hai| unhoMne kAma-krodhAdi pApa prakRtiyoM para pUrNa vijaya prApta kI hai. unake cintana, vandana aura arAdhana se athavA pavitrahRdaya-mandira meM virAjamAna hone se pApa khar3e nahI raha sakate / pApoM ke bandhana usI prakAra DhIle par3a jAte hai jisa prakAra candana ke vRkSa para mora ke pAne me usame lipaTe hue bhajagoM (sarpo) ke bandhana DhIle par3a jAte hai| ve apane vijetA se ghabarAkara anyatra bhAga jAne kI vAta socane lagate hai / athavA una puNya puruSoM ke dhyAnAdika se AtmA kA vaha niSpApa vItarAga zaddha svarUpa sAmane A jAtA hai| usa zuddhasvarUpa ke sAmane Ate hI prAtmA meM apanI usa bhalI haI nijanidhi kA smaraNa ho jAtA hai aura usakI prApti ke lie anurAga jAgrata ho jAtA hai, taba pApa pariNati sahaja hI chUTa jAtI hai| ataH 1. prApatsamyaktva zuddhi ca dRSTvA tadvanavAsinaH / tApasAstyaktamithyAtvAH zatAnA sapta sayamam / / -uttara purANa 73-146 2. hRdayatini tvayi vibho ! zithalIbhavanti, jantoH kSaraNeNa niviDA api karmabandhAH / sadyo bhujagamamayA iva madhyabhAga= mabhyAgate vana zikhaNDini candanasya / / -kalyANa mandira stotra

Page #133
AcArya samantabhadra jina pavitrAtmAoM meM vaha zuddha svarUpa pUrNataH vikasita huA hai, unakI upAsanA karatA huA bhavya jIva apane meM usa zuddha svarUpa ko vikasita karanake lie usI taraha samartha hotA hai, jisa taraha tailAdivibhUSita vattI dIpaka kI upAsanA karatI huI usameM tanmaya ho jAtI hai-vaha svaya dIpaka banakara jagamagA uThatI hai| yaha saba usa bhaktitayoga kA hI mAhAtmya hai| bhakta ke do rUpa hai sakAmAbhakti aura nisskaamaabhkti| sakAmA bhakti saMsAra ke aihika phaloM kI vAchA ko lie hae hotI hai / vaha sasAra taka hI sImita rakhatI hai| yadyapi vartamAna meM usameM kitanA hI vikAra AgayA hai / loga usa vyakti ke maulika rahasya ko bhUlagae hai, aura jinendra mudrA ke samakSa laukika eva sAsArika kAryo kI yAcanA karane lage hai / vahA ajJajana bhakti ke guNAnugaga me cyUta hokara sasAra ke laukika kAryoM kI prApti ke liye bhakti karate dekhe jAte hai| kintu niSkAmAbhakti meM kisI prakAra kI cAha yA abhilApA nahI hotI, vaha atyanta vizuddha pariNAmoM kI janaka hai| usase karma nirjarA hotA hai, aura AtmA usame apanI svAtmasthiti ko prApta karane meM samartha ho jAtA hai / ata niSkAmA bhakti bhava-samudra se pAra utArane meM nimitta hotI hai| zubhAzubha bhAvo kI taratamatA aura kapAyAdi pariNAmo kI tIvratA mandatAdi ke kAraNa karma prakRtiyoM meM barAbara saMkramaNa hotA rahatA hai| jisa samaya karma prakRtiyo ke udaya kI pravalatA hoto hai usa samaya prAyaH unake anurUpa hI kArya sampanna hotA hai| phira bhI vItarAgadeva kI upAsanA ke samaya unake puNyaguNo kA prema pUrvaka smaraNa aura cintana unameM anugaga baDhAne me zubhapariNAmoM kI utpatti hotI hai jisase pApa pariNati chUTatI hai ora puNya pariNati usakA sthAna le letI hai, isase pApa prakRtiyoM kA rasa sUkha jAtA hai aura puNya prakRtiyo kA rasa bar3ha jAtA hai / puNya prakRtiyo ke rasa meM abhivRddhi hone se antarAyakarma jo mUla pApa prakRti hai aura hamAre dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga aura vIrya meM vighna karatI hai-- unheM nahIM hone detI- vaha bhagnarasa hokara nirbala ho jAtI hai, phira vaha hamAre ipTa kAryo meM bAdhA pahucAne meM samartha nahI hotI / tava hamAre lokika kArya anAyAsa hI siddha ho jAte hai| jaisA ki tatvArthazlokavArtika me uddhata nimna padya se spaSTa hai : "neSTa vihantuM zubhabhAva-bhagna-rasa prakarSaH prbhurntraayH| tatkAmacAreNa guNAnurAgannutyAdiriSTArtha kadA daadeH||" ataeva vItarAgadeva kI nirdopa bhakti amita phala ko dene vAlI hai isameM koI bAdhA nahI aatii| yaha grantha bhI samantabhadra bhAratI kA agarUpa hai| isameM vapabhAdi catUvizati tIrthakaro ko-alakRta bhASA meM kalAtmaka stuti kI gaI hai| isakA zabda vinyAsa alakAra ko vizeSatA ko liye hue hai| kahI iloka ke eka caraNa ko ulaTakara rakha dene meM dUsarA caraNa bana jAtA hai| aura pUrvArdha ko ulaTakara rakhadene me una gardha. prora samace zloka ko ulaTa kara rakhane se dumarA zloka bana jAtA hai| aisA hone para bhI unakA artha bhinna-bhinna hai, isa grantha ke aneka padya aise hai, jo eka se adhika alakAro ko liye hue hai| aura kucha aise bhI padya he, jo do-do akSaroM se vane haiM-do vyajanAkSaro me hI jinake zarIra kI sRSTi huI hai / stutividyA kA 14vA padya aisA hai jisakA pratyeka pAda nimna prakAra ke eka eka akSara se banA hai| yeyA yAyA yaye yAya nAnAnanA nanAnana / mamA mamA mamA mAmitA tatI tittiititH|| yaha grantha kitanA mahatvapUrNa hai yaha TIkAkAra ke-'ghana-kaThina-ghAti karmendhana dahana samarthA', vAkya se jAnA jAtA hai jisameM ghane kaThora ghAtiyA karmarUpI Indhana ko bhasma karane vAlI samartha agni batalAyA hai| yuktyanuzAsana prastuta grantha kA nAma yuktyanuzAsana hai| yaha 64 padyoM kI eka mahatvapUrNa dArzanika kRti hai| yadyapi prAcArya samantabhadra ne grantha ke Adi aura anta ke padyoM meM yuktyanuzAsana kA koI nAmollekha nahIM kiyA, kintu 1. dekho, 51, 52 aura 55vaoN padya /

Page #134
100 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 unameM spaSTa rUpa se vIra jina stavana kI pratijJA aura usI kI parisamApti kA ullekha hai| isa kAraNa grantha kA prathama nAma 'vIra jina stotra' hai| AcArya samantabhadra ne svayaM 48vaM padya meM 'yuktyanuzAsana' pada kA prayoga kara usakI sArthakatA pradarzita kara dI hai aura batalAyA hai ki yuktyanuzAsana zAstra pratyakSa aura prAgama saviruddha atha kA pratipAdaka hai| "daSTA''gamAbhyAmaviruddhamarthaprarUpaNaM yuktyanuzAsanaM te / " athavA jo yukti pratyakSa aura pAgama ke viruddha nahIM hai, usa vastu kI vyavasthA karane vAle zAsana kA nAma yuktyanuzAsana hai| isase yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki vastutattva kA jo kathana pratyakSa aura Agama se viruddha hai vaha yuktyanuzAsana nahIM ho sktaa| sAdhyAvinAbhAvo sAdhana se hone vAle sAdhyArtha kA kathana yuktyanuzAsana hai| isa paribhASA ko ve udAharaNa dvArA puSTa karate hue kahate haiM ki vAstava meM vastusvarUpa sthiti, utpatti aura vinAza ina tInoM ko prati samaya lie hue hI vyavasthita hotA hai / isa udAharaNa meM jisa taraha vastutattva utpAdAdi trayAtmaka yukti dvArA siddha kiyA gayA hai, usI taraha vIrazAsana meM sampUrNa artha samUha pratyakSa aura pAgama pravirodhI yuktiyoM se prasiddha hai|' punnATa saMghI jinasena ne 'harivaMza purANa' meM batalAyA hai ki prAcArya samantabhadra ne 'jIvasiddhi' nAmaka grantha banAkara yuktyanuzAsana kI racanA kI hai| canAce TIkAkAra AcArya vidyAnanda ne bhI grantha kA nAma yuktyanuzAsana batalAyA hai| grantha meM dArzanika dRSTi se jo vastu tatva carcita huA hai vaha bar3A ho gambhIra aura tAttvika hai| isameM stavana praNAlI se 64 padyoM dvArA svamata-paramata ke guNa doSoM kA sUtra rUpa se bar3A mArmika varNana diyA hai / aura pratyeka viSaya kA nirUpaNa prabala yuktiyoM dvArA kiyA gayA hai| prAcArya samantabhadra ne 'yuktizAstrA'virodhi vAktva' hetu se devAgama meM ApakI parIkSA kI hai, aura jinake vacana yukti aura zAstra se avirodha rUpa hai unheM hI prApta batalAyA hai aura zeSa kA prApta honA bAdhita ThaharAyA hai / aura batalAyA hai ki Apake zAsanAmRta se bAhya jo sarvathA ekAntavAdI haiM ve prApta nahIM haiM kintu prAptabhimAna se dagdha haiM; kyoMki unake dvArA pratipAdita iSTatattva pratyakSa pramANa se vAvita hai| grantha meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI mahAnatA ko pradarzita karate hue batalAyA hai ki-'ve atulita zAnti ke sAtha 1. 'stuti gocarattvaM ninISavaH smo vayamadyavIra / / 'stutiH zaktyAzreyaH padamadhigatastvaM jina ! mayA, mahAvIro vIro duritaparasenAbhi vijaye // 64 // 2. "anyathAnupapannattvaM niyamanizcayalakSaNAt mAdhanAtsAdhyArtha prarUpaNaM yuktyanuzAsanamiti' -yuktyanuzAsana TIkA pR0 122 3. yuktyanuzAsana prastAvanA pR02 4. 'jIvamiddhi vidhAyIha kRtayuktyanuzAsanam / -harivaMza pugaNa 5. 'jIyAt mamannabhadrasya stotraM yuktayanuzAsanam / ' (1) 'mtotre yuktyanuzAsane jinapate :ramya niHzeSataH' / (2) "zrImadvIrajinezvarAmalaguNastotraM parIkSekSaNaH / sAkSAtmvAmimamantabhadragurubhistanvaM samIkSyA khilam / prokta yuknayanu zAsanaM vijayabhiHmyAdAdamArgAnugaH / / " (4) 6. tvanamatA'mRtabAhyAnAM sarvathaikAnta-vAdinAm / prAptAbhimAnandagdhAnAM sveSTaM dRpTena bAdhyate / / -devAgama kA0 7

Page #135
AcArya samantabhadra zuddhi aura zakti kI parAkA ko-caramasImA ko prApta hue haiM / aura zAnti sukhasvarUpa haiM-Apa meM jJAnAvaraNa darzanAvaraNa rUpa karmamala ke kSaya se anupama jJAna darzana kA tathA antagaya karma ke prabhAva me ananta vIrya kA prAvirbhAva huA hai / aura mohanIya karma ke vinAza me anupama sumva ko prApta hai| Apa brahma patha ke- mokSamArga ke netA haiN| aura mahAna hai| Apa kA mata-anekAtmaka zAsana-damA-dama-tyAga aura samAdhi kI niSThA ko liye hae hai - ota-prota hai| nayoM aura pramANo dvArA samyaka vastU tattva ko munizcata karane vAlA hai, aura sabhI ekAnta vAdiyoM dvArA abAdhya hai / isa kAraNa vaha advitIya hai2 / itanA hI nahI kintu vIra ke isa zAsana ko 'sarvodaya tIrtha batalAyA hai - jo sabake udaya-utkarSa evaM prAtmA ke pUrNa vikAsa meM sahAyaka hai, jise pAkara jIva samAra samudra se pAra ho jAte hai / vahI sarvodaya tIrtha' hai, jo sAmAnya-vizepa, dravya paryAya vidhi-niSedha aura ekatva anevatvAdi sampUrNa dharmo ko apanAehA hai, mukhya gor3a kI vyavasthA se suvyavasthita hai, saba dRgvoM kA anta karane avinAzI hai, vahI sarvodaya tIrtha kahe jAne ke yogya hai; kyoki umase samasta jIvoM ko bhavasAgara se tarane kA samIcIna mArga milatA hai| vIra ke isa zAsana kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA yaha hai ki isa zAsana se yathepTa dveSa rakhane vAlA mAnava bhI yadi samadRSTi huA upapatti cakSu se - mAtsarya ke tyAga pUrvaka samAdhAna kI dRSTi se-vIrazAsana kA avalokana aura parIkSaNa karatA hai to avazya hI usakA mAna zRga khaDita ho jAtA hai--sarvathA ekAnta rUpa mithyA Agraha chaTa jAtA hai, vaha abhadra (mithyApTi) hotA huA bhI saba ora se bhadrarUpa eva samyagdRSTi bana jAtA hai / jaisA ki grantha ke nimna padya se prakaTa hai: kAma dviSannapyupapatti cakSuH samIkSyatAM te samadRSTi riSTam / tvayi dhruva khaNDita-mAna zRGgo bhavatyabhadro'pi samantabhadraH / / 62 grantha sabho ekAnta vAdiyo ke mata kI yukti pUrNa samIkSA kI gaI hai, kintu samIkSA karate hue bhI unake prati vidveSa kI racamAtra bhI bhAvanA nahI rahI hai| aura na vIra bhagavAna ke prati unakI rAgAtmikA pravatti hI rahI hai| grantha meM saMvedanAdvaita, advaitavAda, zanyavAda Adi vAdoM aura cArvAka ke ekAnta siddhAnta kA khaMDana karate hae vidhi, niSedha aura pravaktavyatA rUpa saptabhagoM kA vivecana kiyA hai, tathA mAnasa ahisA kI paripUrNatA ke liye vicAroM kA vastusthiti ke AdhAra me yathArtha sAmajasya karane vAle anekAntadarzana kA maulika vicAra kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI vIra zAsana kI mahattA para prakAza DAlA hai| grantha nirmANa ke uddezya ko abhivyakta karate hue prAcArya kahate hai ki he bhagavAn ! yaha stotra Apake prati rAgabhAva se nahI racA gayA hai| kyoMki Apa ne bhava-pAza kA chedana kara diyA hai| aura dUsaroM ke prati dvapa bhAva se bhI nahI racA gayA hai ; kyoki hama to durga No kI kathA ke abhyAsa ko khalatA samajhate hai| usaprakAra kA abhyAsa na hone se vaha khalatA bhI hama meM nahIM hai / taba phira isa racanA kA uddezya kyA hai ? uddezya yahI hai ki loga nyAyaanyAya ko pahacAnanA cAhate hai aura prata padArtha ke guNa doSo ke jAnane kI icchA hai unake liye yaha stotra hitA 7 "tva zuddhizaktyo rudayaskASThA tulA (tInA jina zAntirUpAm / avApitha brahmapathamya netA, mahAnitIyatprativaktumIzAH" / / 4 8 davA-dama-tyAga-samAdhi-viSTa naya-pramANa prakRtAUja sArtham / praghaSya manyarakhila-pravAda jina ! tvadIya mata madvitIyam / 6 -yuktyanuzAsana 6. sarvAnnavatta gaNamukhyakalpa sannizUnya ca mithona pekSam / sarvApadAmantakara niranta sarvodaya vImada tavaiva / / 62 -yuktyanuzAsana

Page #136
102 nveSaNa ke upAya svarUpa ApakI guNa kathA ke sAtha kahA gayA hai jaisA ki usake naSTa hai :na rAgAnnaH stotra' bhavati bhava-pAsacchavimunI, na cAnyeSu vAdapaguNakathA'bhyAsa-khalatA / kimu nyAyAnyAya prakRta-guNadoSajJa manasAM hitAnveSopAyastavaguNa-kathA-saMga-gaditaH / / 63 isa taraha isa grantha kI mahattA dhIra gaMbhIratA kA kucha AbhAsa mila jAtA hai| kintu grantha kA pUrNa adhyayana kiye binA usakA marma samajha meM nahIM A sakatA / jaina prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra - isa grantha meM zrAvakoM ko lakSya karake samIcIna dharma kA upadeza diyA gayA hai| jo kamoM kA vinAzaka aura sasArI jIvoM ko saMsAra ke duHkhoM se nikAla kara uttama guNa meM sthApita karane vAlA hai, vaha dharma ratnatraya svarUpa hai- samyagdarzana samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritra rUpa hai| aura darzanAdika ko jo pratikUla yA viparIta sthiti hai vaha samyak na hokara mithyA hai ataeva yaha adharma hai, aura saMsAra paribhramaNa kA kAraNa hai / AcArya samantabhadra ne isa upAsakAdhyayana graMtha meM zrAvakoM ke dvArA anuSThAna karane yogya dharma kA vyavasthita evaM hRdayagrAhI varNana kiyA hai| jo AtmA ko samunnata tathA svAdhIna banAne meM samartha hai / grantha kI bhASA prAJjala madhura praur3ha aura artha gaurava ko liye hue hai| yaha grantha dharmaratna kA choTA sA piTArA hI hai| isa kAraNa isakA ratnakaraNDa nAma sArthaka hai aura samIcIna dharma kI dezanA ko liye hue hone ke kAraNa samIcIna dhapazAstra hai / usakA pratyeka strI puruSa ko adhyayana yA manana karanA Avazyaka hai aura tadanukUla AcaraNa to kalyANa kA kartA hai ho / samantabhadra se pahale zrAvaka dharma kA itanA sundara ora vyavasthita varNana karane vAlA dUsarA koI grantha upalabdha nahI hai aura pazcAtvartI granthakAroM meM bhI isa taraha kA dhAvakAcAra dRSTi gocara nahIM hotaa| ve prAyaH unake anukaraNa rUpa hai / yadyapi paravartI vidvAno ke dvArA race hue zrAvakAcAra viSayaka grantha avazya haiM, para isake samakakSa kA anya koI grantha dekhane meM nahIM mAyA prastuta grantha sAta adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai, jisako zloka saMkhyA 150 Ter3hasI hai / pratyeka adhyAya meM diye hue varNana kA saMkSiptasAra isa prakAra hai: prathama adhyAya meM sacca prApta bAgama aura tapobhUta kA trimUDhatA rahita, aSTa madahIna aura ATha aMga sahita zraddhAna ko samyagdarzana batalAyA hai| ina sabake svarUpa kA kathana karane hue batalAyA hai ki agahIna samyagdarzana janma santati kA vinAza karane meM samartha nahIM hotaa| zuddha samyagdRSTi jIva bhaya, AzA aura lobha se kuligiyoM ko praNAma aura vinaya bhI nahI karatA jJAna aura cAritra kI apekSA samyagdarzana mukhyatayA upAsanIya hai| samyagdarzana mokSamArga meM vaTiyA ke samAna hai usake binA jJAna aura cAritra kI utpatti, sthiti, vRddhi aura phalodaya usI taraha nahIM ho pAte, jisa taraha bIja ke abhAva meM vRkSa kI utpatti Adi nahIM hotii| samantabhadrAcArya ne samyagdarzana ko mahattA kA jo ullekha kiyA hai, vaha usake gaurava kA dyotaka hai| dUsare adhikAra meM samyagjJAna kA svarUpa nirdiSTa karate hue usake viSayabhUta cAroM anuyAMgoM kA sAmAnya kathana diyA hai| tIsare adhikAra meM samyak cAritra dhAraNa karane kI pAtratA kA varNana karate hue hiMsAdi pApa praNAlikAoM se virati ko cAritra batalAyA hai| aura vaha cAritra sakala aura vikala ke bheda me do prakAra kA hai, sakala cAritra muniyoM ke aura vikala cAritra gRhasthoM ke hotA hai, jo aNuvrata, guNavrata aura zikSAvrata rUpa hai / caturtha adhikAra meM dikhata, anarthadaNDavrata aura bhogopabhoga parimANa vrata ina tIna guNa vratoM kA manarthadaNDa vrata ke pAMca bhedoM kA aura unake pAMca-pAMca praticAroM kA varNana kiyA hai| pAMcave adhikAra meM 4 zikSAvratoM kA aura unake aticAroM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| sAmAyika ke samaya gRhastha ko lopasRSTa muni kI upamA dI hai| chaThe adhikAra meM sallekhanA kA svarUpa nirdiSTa karate hue usake pAMca praticAroM kA varNana diyA hai| A

Page #137
AcArya samantabhadra 103 sAtaveM adhikAra meM zrAvaka ke una gyAraha padoM kA-pratimAoM kA svarUpa diyA hai aura batalAyA hai ki uttarottara pratimAoM ke guNapUrvakapUrva kI pratimAoM ke sampUrNa guNoM liye hue haiN| __isa taraha isa grantha meM thAvaka ke anuSThAna karane yogya samIcIna dharma kA vidhivata kathana diyA huA hai| yaha grantha bhI samantabhadra bhAratI ke anya granthoM ke samAna hI prAmANika hai aura manana karane ke samanta bhadra kI upalabdha sabhI kRtiyAM mahatvapUrNa aura apane apane vaiziSTaya ko liye hue haiN| samaya prAcArya samantabhadra ke samaya ke sambandha meM sva0 paM0 jugalakizora mukhtAra ne aneka pramANoM ke sAtha vicAra kiyA hai aura unakA samaya vikrama kI dUsarI zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha batalAyA hai' / ve tattvArthasUtra ke kartA umAsvAti (gaddhapicchAcArya) ke bAda kisI samaya hue haiN| gRddhapicchAcArya vikrama kI dUsarI zatAbdI ke AcArya mAne jAte haiN| samantabhadra unhIM ke bAda aura devanandI (pUjyavAda )se bahuta pUrvavartI haiM / ve sambhavataH vikrama ko dUsaro zatAbdI ke vidvAna hone caahiye| koMgaNi vaMza ke prathama rAjA, jo gaMga vaza ke saMsthApaka siMhanandyAcArya se bhI pUrvavartI haiN| koMgaNivarmA kA eka prAcIna zilAlekha zaka sa025 kA upalabdha hai| usase jJAta hotA hai ki koMgaNi varmA vi0 saM0 160 (I. sana 103) meM rAjyAzAsana para prArUr3ha hae the| ataH prAyaH vahI samaya prAcArya siMhanandI kA hai| samantabhadra usase pahale hae haiN| kyoMki mallipeNa prazasti meM sihanandi se pUrva samantabhadra kA smaraNa kiyA gayA hai| ata: unakA samaya vikrama kI dUsarI zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha hI hai jo mukhtAra sAhaba ne nizcita kiyA hai / vaha prAyaH ThIka hai| siMhanandi mUlasaMgha kUndakUndAcArya kANagaNa aura meSa pASANa gaccha ke vidvAna the| ve dakSiNa deza ke nivAsI the| midezvara mandira ke zilAlekha meM unheM dakSiNa dezavAzI aura gaMgamahI maNDala kA samuddhAraka batalAyA hai| jaisA ki usake nimna padya se prakaTa haiM dakSiNa-deza-nivAsI gaMgamahI-maNDalika-kula-samuddha raNaH / zrImalasaMghanAtho nAmnaH zrIsihanandimuniH / / mUni siMhanandi gaMgavaMza ke saMsthApaka ke rUpa meM smRta kiye jAte haiM / siMhanandi ne gaMgarAjA ko jo sahAyatA dI usake pariNAmasvarUpa gaMgarAjAoM ne jainadharma ko barAbara saMrakSaNa diyaa| gaMga rAjavaMza dakSiNa bhArata kA pramukha rAjya rahA hai| cauthI zatAbdI se 12vIM zatAbdI taka ke zilAlekhoM se pramANita hai ki gaMgavaMza ke zAsakoM ne jaina mandiroM kA nirmANa karAyA, jana mUrtiyAM pratiSThita karAI / jaina sAdhuoM ke nivAsa ke lie guphAe~ nirmANa karAyIM aura jainAcAryoM ko dAna diyaa| kallU raguDa ke zilAlekha meM batalAyA haiM ki padmanAbha rAjA ke Upara ujjaina ke rAjA mahIpAla ne AkramaNa kiyaa| taba usane daDiga aura mAdhava nAma ke do putroM ko dakSiNa kI ora bheja diyaa| ve yAtrA karate hue 'perUra' nAma ke sundara sthAna meM phuNce| unhone vahIM apanA par3Ava DAla diyA aura tAlAba ke nikaTa caityAlaya ko dekhakara usakI tIna pradakSiNA dii| vahIM unhoMne prAcArya siMhanandi ko dekhA, aura unakI vandanA kara apane pAne kA kAraNa btlaayaa| use sunakara siMhanandi ne unheM hastAvalamba diyaa| unakI bhakti se prasanna hokara devI padmAvatI prakaTa huI aura usane unheM talavAra aura rAjya pradAna kiyaa| jaba unhoMne sampUrNa rAjya para prabhutva sthApita kara liyA taba prAcArya siMhanandi ne unheM isa prakAra zikSA dI-'yadi tuma apane vacana ko pUrA na karoge, yA jina zAsana ko sahAyya na doge, dUsaroM kI striyoM kA yadi apa 1. dekho, jainAsAhitya aura itihAsa para vizada prakAza pR0667 2. zilAlekha kA Adya aMza isa prakAra hai : "svasti zrImatkoMgaNivarma dharbhamahAdhigaja prathama gaMgasya dattaM zaka varSa gateSu paMcaviMzati 25neya zubha kritusaMvatsarasu phAlguga zuddha paMcamI zani rohiriNa....." -dekho, najana gUr3ha tAlluke (maisUra) ke zilAlekha naM0 110, san 1864 (E. C. III)

Page #138
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 104 haraNa karoge, madya-mAMsa madha kA sevana karoge yA nIcoM kI sagati meM rahoge, AvazyakatA hone para bhI dUsaroM ko apanA dhana nahI doge, aura yadi yuddha ke maidAna meM pITha dikhAyoge to tumhArA vaza naSTa ho jaaygaa|' ukta zilAlekha meM sihanandi ke dvArA diye gae rAjya kA vistAra bhI likhA hai| ucca nandigiri unakA kilA thA, kuvalAla rAjadhAnI thI, 66 hajAra dezo para Adhipatya thA / nirdoSa jinadeva unake devatA the| yuddha meM vijaya hI unakA sAthI thaa| jaina mata unakA dharma thA / aura daDiga tathA mAdhava vaDI zAna ke sAtha pRthvI kA zAmana karate the| IsvI sana 1126 ke zilAlekha meM likhA hai ki sihanandi muni ne apane ziSyo ko ahana bhagavAna kI dhyAnarUpI vaha tIkSNa talavAra bhI kRpA karake pradAna kI thI, jo ghAti karmarUpI zatrusainya kI parvatamAlA ko kATa DAlatI hai| yadi aisA na hotA to devI ke praveza mArga ko rokane vAle patthara ke stambha ko mAdhava apanI talavAra ke eka hI vAra se kaise kATa DAlatA 1176 I. ke eka zilAlekha meM bhI sihanandi ke dvArA gaNarAjya kI sthApanA kA nirdeza hai| sihananTi kA samaya IsA ko dvitIya zatAbdI hai| AcArya zivakoTi (zivArya) prAcArya zivakoTi yA zivArya apane samaya ke viziSTa vidvAna the| inhoMne apanI kRti AgadhanA kI antima prazasti me apanI guru paramparA kA ullekha kiyA hai| ve dono gAthAeM isa prakAra hai prajjajiNaNadi gaNi savvagattagaNi prajjamittaNaMdINaM / pravagamiyapAdamUle samma suttaM ca pratthaM ca // 2165 / / puvvAyariyaNibaddhA uva jIvittA imA sa sttiie| prArAdhaNA sivajjeNa pANidalabhoiNA raidA // 2166 / / ina donoM gAthAoM me batalAyA hai ki-'Arya jinanandigaNI, Arya mitrana digaNI ke caraNo ke nika prakAra satra aura artha ko samajha karake tathA pUrvAcAryo dvArA nibaddha haI ArAdhanAoM ke kathana kA upayoga karake pANitalabhojI-karatala para lekara bhojana karane vAle-zivArya ne yaha ArAdhanA grantha apanI zakti ke anusAra racA hai| ima prazasti meM prArya jinanandigaNI prAdi jina tIna gurunoM kA nAmollekha kiyA hai ve kauna haiM aura kaba hA hai| unakI guruparamparA aura gaNa-gacchAdi kyA hai ? ityAdi bAtoM ke jAnane kA koI sAdhana upalabdha nahI hai| DaoN ditIya gAthA me prayukta hA granthakAra ke pANidalabhoiNA' isa vizeSaNa pada meM itanI bAta spaSTa ho jAtI hai ki prAcArya zivakoTi ne isa grantha kI racanA usa samaya kI jaba jainamadha digambara zvetAmbara do vibhAgoM meM vibhakta ho cakA thaa| usI bheda ko pradarzita karane ke lie granthakartA ne ukta vizeSaNa pada kA lagAnA ucita samajhA hai| phalataH ve ukta bheda se sambhavata: sau-Der3hasau varSa bAda hue hoN| kyoMki ArAdhanA grantha meM prAcArya kundakunda ke granthoM kI kucha gAthA jyoM ke tyoM rUpa meM pAI jAtI hai usake eka do udAharaNa nIce diye jAte hai - daMsaNabhaTTAbhaTTA saNabhaTTassa patthi NivvANaM / sijhaMti cariyabhaTTA vesaNabhaTTA Na sijhati // ArAdhanA kI naM0738 para pAI jAne vAlI yaha gAthA kundakunda ke darzanaprAbhRta kI tIsarI gAthA hai / isI taraha kundakunda ke niyamasAra kI do gAthAe~ 66, 70 mArAdhanA meM 1187, 1188 nambaroM para tathA caritra pAhaDa kI 36vI gAthA ArAdhanA meM 1211 para pAI jAtI hai| aura vArasa aNuvekkhA ko dUsarI gAthA ArAdhanA meM 1715 para jyoM ke tyoM rUpa meM upalabdha hotI hai| inake atirikta kucha gAthAe~ aisI bhI haiM jo thor3e se pAThabheda yA parivartanAdi ke sAtha upalabdha hotI haiM / aisI gAthAnoM kA eka namUnA isa prakAra hai

Page #139
AcArya zivakoTi (zivArya) 105 jaM aNNANI kamma khavedi bhavasayasahassa koDohi / taM pANI tihigutto khavedi ussAsametteNa // -pravacanasAra 3138 jaM aNNANI kamma khabedi bhavasayasahassakohi / taM NANI tihigutto khavedi anto muhatteNa // -prArA0 108 isI taraha cAritra prAbhRta kI gAthA naM0 31, 32, 33, 35, ArAdhanA meM kucha parivartana tathA pATha bheda ke sAtha gAthA naM0 1184, 1206, 1207, 1210, 1824 ukta sthiti meM upalabdha hotI haiN| isase spaSTa hai ki pArAdhanA ke kartA zivArya kandakandAcArya ke bahuta bAda hue haiN| itanA hI nahI kintu zivakoTi ke sAmane samantabhadra ke grantha bhI rahe haiN| kyoMki isa grantha meM bahata svayaMbhU stotra ke kucha padyo ke bhAva ko anuvAdita kiyA gayA hai| saMskRta TIkAkAra ne bhI usake samarthana meM svayaMbhU stotra ke vAkyoM ko uddhRta karake batalAyA hai :jaha jaha meM jai bhoge taha taha bhogesu vaDDhade tnnhaa| bha0 prA0 gA0 1262 'tRSNAciSaH parivahanti na zAntirAsAmiSTendriyArtha vibhavaH parivRddhireva // " -bRhatsvayaMbhUstotra, 82 bAhirakaraNavisuddho anbhaMtara krnnsodhnntthaae| " bha0 prA0 gA01348 bAhya tapaH paramaduzcaramAcarastvamAdhyAtmikasya tapasaH paribRhaNArtham / , -bRhatsvayaMbhUstotra, 83 isame bhI spaSTa hai ki zivArya samantabhadra ke bAda kisI samaya hue haiM / aura pUjyapAda-devanandI se pUrvavartI haiM, kyoMki pUjyapAda ne sarvArthasiddhi meM tattvArthasUtra ke veM adhyAya ke 22veM sUtra kI TIkA karate hue pArAdhanA kI 562 naM0 kI nimna gAthA uddhRta kI hai : prAkaMpiya aNumANi ya jaM diLaM bAdaraM ca suhamaM ca / chaNNaM saddA ulayaM bahujaNapravatta tassevI // (814-815) kA // isake atirikta nimna do gAthAnoM kA bhAva bhI adhyAya 6 sUtra 6 kI TIkA meM liyA hai sahasANAbhogiyaduppamajjida apaccavekkhaNikkheve / deho va duppautto tahovakaraNaM ca Nivyitti / / saMjoyaNa maM vakaraNANaM ca tahA pANabhoyaNANaM ca / duTTha NisiTThA maNavacakAyA bhedANisaggassa / / "nikSapazcaturvidhaH apratyanikSepAdhikaraNaM, duSpramRSTanikSepAdhikaraNaM sahasAnikSepAdhikaraNamanAbhoganikSapAdhikaraNaM ceti / saMyogo dvividhaH-bhaktapAnasaMyogAdhiraNamupakaraNasaMyogAdhikaraNaM ceti / nisargastrividhaH kAya nisargAdhikaraNaM, vADinasargAdhikaraNaM manonisargAdhikaraNaM ceti / sarvA0 si0a0 6 sUtra kI TIkA isa saba tulanA para se zivArya yA zivakoTi ke racanA kAla para acchA prakAza par3atA hai aura ve samantabhadra aura pUjyapAda ke madhyavartI kisI samaya hue haiM / inakA samaya devanandI (pUjyapAda) se pUrvavartI hai| prArAdhanA prastuta grantha meM 2170 ke lagabhaga gAthAeM haiM jinameM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyak cAritra aura samyak

Page #140
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 tapa rUpa cAra pArAdhanAoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai / ArAdhanA ke kathana ke sAtha aneka dRSTAntoM dvArA usa viSaya ko strapTa karane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai / maraNa ke bheda-prabhedoM kA acchA varNana kiyA hai aura samAdhi maraNa karanevAle kSapaka kI paricaryA meM laganevAle sAdhuoM kI saMkhyA 44 batalAI gaI hai| 1621 nambara kI gAthA se 1861 naM0 ko 270 gAthAoM dvArA Arta, raudra, dharma aura zukla ina cAra dhyAnoM kA vistRta varNana kiyA gayA hai / grantha meM kucha aisI prAcIna gAthAeM milatI haiM, jinakA ullekha zvetAmbarIya Avazyaka niyukti Adi granthoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| parantu yaha avazya vicAraNIya hai ki Avazyaka niyukti prAdi grantha chaThavIM zatAbdI meM likhe gae haiM / Avazyaka niyukti ko munipuNyavijayajI chaThavI zatAbdI kA mAnate haiN| parantu bhagavatI ArAdhanA usake kaI zatAbdI pUrva kI racanA hai| jAti dasa grantha meM strI makti aura kavalAhAra Adi kI mAnyatA kA ullekha nahIM hai, to bhI dazasthiti kalpavAlI gAthA ke kAraNa premIjI ne pArAdhanA ke kartA ko yApanIya sampradAya kA batalAyA hai| lagatA hai, kalpavAlI gAthAeM donoM sampradAyoM meM pUrva paramparA se AI haiM / ve zvetAmbarIya granthoM se lI gaI yaha kalpanA samucita nahIM hai| yaha grantha bar3A lokapriya rahA hai / isa para aneka TIkA-TippaNa likhe gaye haiN| isa grantha para vijayodayA aura mUlArAdhanA TIkA ke atirikta eka prAkRta TIkA aura choTe-choTe TippaNa bhI rahe haiM, jinase usakI mahattA kA spaSTa bhAna hotA hai| aparAjita sUri yA zrIvijaya dvArA racita saMskRta TIkA prakAzita ho cukI hai| jisameM gAthAoM ke artha kA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue anya aneka upayogI vastuoM para vicAra kiyA gayA hai / AcArya zivakoTi ne isa graMtha kI racanA pUrvAcAryoM ke sUtrAnusAra kI hai / zrIcandra aura jayanandI ne bhI isa para TippaNa likhe haiN| ArAdhanA paJjikA aura bhAvArtha-dIpikA TIkA, paM0 zivAjI lAla kI bhI upalabdha hai, jo saMvata 1818 kI jeTha sudI 13 guruvAra ko samApta huI hai / saMskRta pArAdhanA prAcArya amitagati dvitIya ne likhI hai, jo saMskRta ke padyoM meM anuvAda rUpa meM hai| grantha ke anta meM bAlapaNDita maraNa kA kathana karate hue, dezavratI zrAvaka ke vratoM kA bhI kucha vidhAna 2076 se 2083 taka kI 5 gAthAoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| samantabhadra kA ziSyatva zravaNa belagola ke zilAlekha naM0 105 meM jo zaka saM0 1050 (vi0 saM0 1185) kA likhA huA hai, zivakoTi ko samantabhadra kA ziSya aura tattvArtha sUtra kI TIkA kA kartA ghopita kiyA hai / yathA-- tasyaiva ziSyaH zivakoTisUristapolatAlambanadehayaSTiH / saMsAravArAkarapotametattatvArthasatraM tadalaMcakAra // prabhAcandra ke pArAdhanA kathAkoza aura devacandra kRta 'rAjAvalIkathe' meM zivakoTi ko samantabhadra kA zipya kahA gayA hai| vikrAnta kaurava nATaka ke kartA AcArya hastimalla ne bhI, jo vikrama kI 14vIM zatAbdI meM hue haiM apane nimna zloka meM samantabhadra ke do ziSyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai / eka zivakoTi, dUsare zivAyana : ziSyau tadIyau zivakoTinAmA zivAyanaH zAstravidAM vrennyo| kRtsnazrutaM zrIgurupAdamUle hyadhItavantau bhavataH kRtArthI / ukta ArAdhanA graMtha ke kartA ne samantabhadra kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyaa| cUki samantabhadra kA dIkSA nAma ajJAta hai, isa kAraNa isa sambandha meM kucha adhika nahIM kahA jA sakatA / samantabhadra zivakoTi ke guru haiM isa viSaya kA koI spaSTa pramANa mila jAya to yaha samasyA hala ho sakatI hai| graMthakAra dvArA ullikhita gurunoM ke nAmoM meM jinanandi kA nAma pAyA hai| yadi jinanandi samantabhadra kA dIkSA nAma ho to usa hAlata meM zivakoTi samantabhadra ke ziSya ho sakate haiN| para isameM sandeha nahIM ki zivakoTi samantabhadra ke ziSya jarUra the aura ve sambhavataH kAJcI ke rAjA the-banArasa ke nahIM / ve yahI haiM yA anya koI, yaha vicAraNIya aura anveSaNIya hai|

Page #141
siddhasena 107 siddhasena siddhasena kI gaNanA darzana prabhAvaka AcAryoM meM kI jAtI hai| ve apane samaya ke viziSTa vidvAna, vAdI aura kavi the aura tarka zAstra meM atyanta nipUNa the| digambara-zvetAmbara donoM hI sampradAyoM meM inakI mAnyatA hai| upalabdha sAhitya meM siddhasena kA sabase prathama ullekha prAcArya akalaMka deva ke tattvArthavArtika meM pAyA jAtA hai / akalaMka deva ne usameM iti zabda ke aneka arthoM kA pratipAdana karate hue iti zabda kA eka artha zabda prAdurbhAva bhI kiyA hai / usake udAharaNa meM zrIdatta' aura siddhasena kA nAmollekha kiyA hai| kvacicchabda prAdurbhAva vartate iti zrIdattamiti siddhasanamiti / '2 inameM zrIdatta ko prAcArya vidyAnanda ne vesaTha vAdiyoM kA vijetA aura jalpanirNaya' nAmaka grantha kA kartA batalAyA hai| prastuta siddhasena vahI prasiddha siddhasena jAna par3ate haiM, jinakA ullekha pUjyapAda (devanandI) ne jainendra vyAkaraNa meM kiyA hai aura jinakA prabhAva akalaMka deva kI kRtiyoM para parilakSita hotA hai| digambara paramparA ke dhavalA-jayadhavalA jaise TIkA granthoM meM 'sanmati sUtra' ke aneka padya uddhata haiN| siddhasena vilakSaNa pratibhA ke dhanI the / imI se uttaravartI granthakAroM dvArA unakA smaraNa kiyA gayA hai| harivaMzapurANa ke kartA pUnnATasaMghIya jinamena ne apane pUrvavartI vidvAnoM kA smaraNa karate hue pahale samantabhadra kA aura usake bAda siddhasena kA smaraNa kiyA hai| jAna par3atA hai ki unhoMne aitihAsika kramAnusAra prAcAryoM kA smaraNa kiyA hai| siddhasena ke sambandha meM unhoMne likhA hai ki jagatprasiddhabodhasya vRSabhasyeva nistuSAH / bodhayanti satAM buddhiM siddhasenasya suukttyH|| -jinakA jJAna jagata meM sarvatra prasiddha hai una siddhasena kI nirmala sUktiyA~ RSabhadeva jinendra kI sUktiyoM ke samAna sajjanoM kI buddhi ko prabuddha karatI haiM / isase pahale jinasena ne samantabhadra ke smaraNa meM unake vacanoM ko vIra bhagavAna ke vacana tulya batalAyA hai / pazcAt siddhasena kI sUktiyoM ko RSabhadeva ke tulya batalAkara unake prati samantabhadra se bhI adhika pAdara pragaTa kiyA hai| kintu unakI kisI racanA vizepa kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyaa| parantu bhagavajjinasena ne apane mahApurANa meM unake 'sanmati sUtra' kA jarUra saMketa kiyA hai| jaisA ki unake nimna padya se pragaTa hai: pravAdikariyUthAnAM kesarI-nayakesaraH / siddhsenkvirjiiyaadviklpnkhraaNkurH|| -ve siddhasena kavi jayavanta hoM, jo pravAdIrUpI hastiyoM ke yUtha (jhuNDa) ke lie siMha ke samAna haiN| naya jisake kesara (gardana ke bAla) haiM, aura vikalpa paine nAkhana haiN| siddhasena kA sanmati sUtra tarka pradhAna grantha hai| isameM tIna kANDa yA adhyAya haiN| unameM se prathama kANDa meM anekAntavAda kI dena naya aura sapta bhaMgI kA mukhya kathana hai| dUsare kANDa meM darzana aura jJAna kI carcA hai, isI meM kevalajJAna aura kevaladarzana kA abheda sthApita kiyA gayA hai aura tIsare kANDa meM paryAya aura guNa meM abheda kI naI sthApanA kI gaI hai| isa taraha yaha grantha eka mahatvapUrNa dArzanika kRti hai / Agama kA avalambana hote hue bhI tarka ko prazraya diyA gayA hai| kyoMki tarkavAda meM vikalpa jAla kI hI pramukhatA hotI hai, jisameM prativAdI ko parAsta kiyA jAtA hai| sanmati sUtra kA prathama kANDa jahA~ siddhasena rUpI siMha ke nayakesaratva kA bodhaka hai, vahA~ dUsarA kANDa unakA vikalpa rUpI paine nakhoM kA avabhAsaka hai / kevalI ke darzana aura jJAna meM abheda siddha karane ke lie unhoMne jo tarka prastuta kie haiM, pratipakSI bhI unakA lohA mAne binA nahIM raha sktaa| Upara ke isa vivecana se spaSTa hai ki 1. dviprakAraM jagI jalpaM tatva prAtibhagocaram / triSaSThevAdinAM jetA zrIdatto jalpanirNaye / / (tattvA0 zlo0 pR0 280) 2. dekho, tatvArtha vArtika 1-13 pR0 57 /

Page #142
108 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 bhagavajjinasena ne sanmati sUtra kA adhyayana karake hI siddhasenarUpI siMha ke svarUpa kA sAkSAt paricaya prApta kiyA thA jisakA citraNa unake smaraNa padya meM pAyA jAtA hai| vIrasena jinasena ne dhavalA-jayadhavalA TIkA meM nayoM kA nirUpaNa karate hue sanmatisUtra ko gAthAnoM ko pramANa rUpa meM uddhata kiyA hai aura pAgama pramANa ke rUpa meM mAnya kiyA hai| sanmati sUtra ke dUsare kANDa meM jIva ke pradhAna lakSaNa jJAna aura darzana kA vistRta vivecana kiyA hai, aura jJAna varzana ke yogapadya aura kramazaH donoM pakSoM ko anucita batalAkara likhA hai ki kevala jJAnI ke darzana aura jJAna meM koI bheda nahIM hai| ataH unake eka sAya yA kramazaH hone kA prazna hI nahIM utthtaa| digambara paramparA meM kevala jJAnI ke jJAna aura darzana pratikSaNa yugapada mAne gaye hai| aura zvetAmbara paramparA meM unakA upayoga kramazaH mAnA hai| siddhasena ne donoM pakSoM ko na mAnakara abhedavAda ko sthApita kiyA hai| kevala jJAna aura kevala darzana ke abhedavAda kI sthApanA kI gaI hai, isI se jinabhadragaNI kSamAzramaNa ne vizeSAvazyaka bhASya meM usakI kar3I AlocanA kI hai| usI taraha abhedavAda kI mAnyatA yugapadavAdI digambara paramparA ke bhI pratikUla hai| isIlie prAcArya vIrasena ne bhI use mAnya nahIM kiyA hai| akalaMkadeva ke granthoM para prabhAva siddhasena ne sanmati tarka meM guNa aura paryAya meM abheda kI sthApanA kI hai| unhoMne paryAya se guNa ko bhinna nahIM mAnA hai / akalaMkadeva ne tatvArthavArtika ke pA~caveM adhyAya ke 'guNaparyayavadravyam' (5-37 pR. 51) sUtra ke bhASya meM ukta carcA kA samAdhAna tIna prakAra se kiyA hai| pahale to Agama pramANa ko dekara guNa kI sattA siddha kI hai| eva paryAyAH iti vA nirdezaH' samAsa karake guNa ko paryAya se abhinna batalAyA haiN| siddhasenAcArya kI yahI mAnyatA hai / isa para yaha zaMkA kI gaI ki yadi guNa hI paryAya hai to kevala guNavad dravyaM yA paryAyavat dravyaM kahanA cAhie thA / guNa paryayavat dravya kA lakSaNa kyoM kahA? isake uttara meM yaha samAdhAna diyA hai ki janetara mata meM gaNoM ko dravya se bhinna mAnA gayA hai| prataH usakI nivRtti ke lie donoM kA grahaNa karake dravya ke parivartana ko paryAya kahA gayA hai. usI ke bheda gaNa haiN| gaNa bhinna jAtIya nahIM haiN| isa vivecana meM prakalaMkadeva ne siddhasena ke mata ko mAnya kiyA hai| isase siddhasena kA akalaMka para prabhAva spaSTa hai / akalaMkadeva ne laghIyastraya kI 67 vIM kArikA meM sanmati sUtra kI 1-3 gAthA kA saMskRtIkaraNa kiyA hai : titthayaravayaNa saMgaha visesa patthAra mUla vaagrnnii| davvaTiyo ya pajjavaNamo ya sesA viyappAsi // 1-3 tataH tIrthakara vacana saMgraha vizeSa mUla vyAkaraNau dravya paryAyAthiko nishcetvyo| (laghIyastraya sva. va. zloka 67) tathA tattvArtha vArtika pR.87 meM sanmati kI) 'paNNavaNijjAbhAvA' nAma kI gAthA uddhata kI hai aura isI meM siddhasena ke aneka mantavyoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai| samaya prastuta siddhasena sanmatisUtra aura kucha dvAtriMzatikAoM ke kartA the| ve pUjyapAda (devanandI) haribhadra 750-800 I0 jinadAsagaNI mahattara aura jinabhadragaNI kSamAzramaNa se bhI pUrvavartI haiN| pUjyapAda ne jainedra vyAkaraNa meM vetteH siddhasenasya', vAkya meM siddhasena ke mata vizeSa kA ullekha kiyA hai / unake matAnusAra 'vid' dhAtu' ke 'ra' kA pAgama hotA hai bhale hI vaha sakarmaka ho| unakI naumI dvAtriMzatikA ke 22kheM padya ke 'vidrate:' vAkya meM 'ra' prAgama vAlA prayoga pAyA jAtA hai| anya vaiyAkaraNa 'sama' upasargapUrvaka prakarmaka 'vid' dhAtu ke 'ra' kA pAgama svIkAra karate haiN| parantu siddhasena ne sakarmaka 'vid' dhAtu kA prayoga batalAyA hai| devanandI ne 'tattvArthavatti meM sAtaveM adhyAya ke 13ve satra kI TIkA meM-viyojayati cAsUbhirnaca vadhena saMyujyate' padyAMza ko jo tIsarI dvAtrizatikA ke 16veM padya

Page #143
siddhasena 106 kA prathama caraNa hai| uddhRta kiyA hai isase spaSTa hai ki siddhasena pUjyapAda se bhI pUrvavartI haiM / pUjyapAda kA samaya IsA kI 5vIM zatAbdI hai| prataH siddhamena IsA kI 5vI zatAbdI ke pUrvArdha ke vidvAna jAna par3ate haiN| DA0 AdinAtha neminAtha upAdhyAya ne siddhasena ke nyAyAvatAra kA sampAdana kiyA hai| unhoMne usake prAkkathana pR. XXU meM likhA hai ki-'yaha bahuta saMbhava hai ki yaha siddhamena gupta kAla ke vidvAn hoN| candragupta dvitIya jo vikramAditya ke nAma se prasiddha hai, aura jisakA samaya 376 se 414 I0 hai, yahI samaya siddhasena divAkara kA honA saMbhava hai| DA0 sA0 ne inheM yApanIya sampradAya kA vidvAna batalAyA hai| nyAyAvatAra ke kartA siddhasena inase bhinna aura bAda ke vidvAna haiM, aura ve zvetAmbara sampradAya ke vidvAna haiN| inakA samaya sAtavIM zatAbdI hai| 1. viyojayati cAsubhirna ca vadhena saMyujyate ziva ca na paropamardapuruSa smRtevidyate / vadhAya nayamabhyupaiti ca parAnna nighnannapi / tvayAya mati durgama. prathama heturudyotitaH // 16

Page #144

Page #145
pA~cavIM zatAbdI se AThavIM zatAbdI taka ke AcArya guhanandi prakalaMka nAma ke anya vidvAna tumbulurAcArya raviSeNAcArya vIradeva zAmakuNDAcArya candranandi vAvananandi muni zrIdatta, zrIdatta indraguru yazobhadra devasena devanandi(pUjyapAda) baladevaguru prAryamA aura nAgahasti ugrasena guru muni sarvanandi guNasena muni yativRSabha nAgasena guru siddhandi siMhanandi guru citakAcArya guNadevasUri vajranandi guNakIti nAgasena guru telamolidevara (tolAmolitterava) svAmi kumAra candranandi joindu(yogIndreva) jayadeva paMDita pAtrakezarI vijayakoti anantavIrya vRddha vimalacandrAcArya mAnatuMgAcArya kotinandi jaTAsiMhanandi vizeSavAdi zubhanandI-ravinandi candrasena mahAkavi dhanaMjaya prAryanandi sumatideva(sanmati) elAcArya sumatideva (dvitIya) kumAranandi udayadeva kaviparamezvara(kaviparameSThI) siddhAnta koti kANabhikSu elavAcArya caumuha (caturma kha) candranandi prakalaMka deva ravikIti kumArasena

Page #146
guhanandi ye paMcastUpAnvaya ke prasiddha vidvAna the| paMcastUpAnvaya kI sthApanA arhabalI ne kI thI jo puNDravardhana ke nivAsI the / puNDravardhana jaina paramparA kA kendra rahA hai| ata: guhanandi kA samaya guptakAlIna tAmrazAsana se pUrvavartI hai| ukta tAmrazAsana ke anusAra gupta varSa 156 (san 478-79) meM eka brAhmaNa nAthazarmA aura usakI bhAryA rAmnI dvArA baTagohAlI grAma meM paMcastUpAnvaya nikAya ke nirgrantha (zramaNa) AcArya guhanandI ke ziSya-praziSyoM dvArA adhiSThita vihAra meM bhagavAna arhantoM (jaina tIrthakaroM) kI pUjA sAmagrI (gandha-dhUpa) Adi ke nirvAhArtha tathA nirgranthAcArya guhanandi ke vihAra meM eka vizrAma sthAna nirmANa karane ke lie yaha bhUmi sadA ke lie isa vihAra ke adhiSThAtA banArasa ke paMcastUpa nikAya saMgha ke prAcArya guhanandi ke ziSya-prazipyoM ko pradAna kI gaI thii| isase guhanandi kA samaya saMbhavataH IsA kI tIsarI-cauthI zatAbdI honA cAhiye / tumbulUrAcArya yaha tumbulUra nAmaka sundara grAma ke nivAsI the| ye tumbulUra grAma ke vAsI hone ke kAraNa tumbulU rAcArya kahalAye / jaise kundakundapura meM rahane ke kAraNa padmanandi AcArya kundakunda nAma se prasiddha hue| inhoMne SaTkhaNDAgama ke prathama pAMca khaNDo para 'cUr3AmaNi' nAma kI eka TIkA likhI thI, jisakA pramANa caurAsI hajAra zloka pramANa batalAyA gayA hai / chaThaveM khaNDa ko chor3akara donoM siddhAnta granthoM para eka mahatI vyAkhyA kanar3I bhASA meM banAI thii| inake atirikta chaThaveM khaNDa para sAta hajAra pramANa paJjikA' likhI / ina donoM racanAoM kA pramANa 61 hajAra zloka pramANa ho jAtA hai / mahAdhavala kA jo paricaya dhavalAdi siddhAnta granthoM ke 'prazasti saMgraha' meM diyA gayA hai, usameM paMjikA rUpa vivaraNa kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai yathA ___vocchAmi saMtakamme paMciyarUveNa vivaraNaM sumahatthaM ||..."punno teMhito sesahArasaNiyogaddArANi saMtakamme savvANi paravidANi / to vi tassaigaMbhIrattAdo, pratya visama padANamatthe thosaddhameNa paMciya-haveNa bhnnissaamo| tumbulUrAcArya ke samaya ke sambandha meM koI prAmANika itivRtta nahIM milatA, jisase unakA nizcita samaya batAyA jA ske| DA0 hIrAlAla jI ne dhavalA ke prathama bhAga kI prastAvanA meM inakA samaya cauthI zatAbdI batalAyA hai| jaba taka unake samaya ke sambandha meM koI prAcIna pramANa upalabdha nahIM hotA, taba taka DA0 hIrAlAla jI dvArA mAnya samaya hI mAnanA ucita hai| vIradeva vIradeva mUlasaMgha ke vidvAna prAcArya the jo siddhAnta zAstra meM pravINa the / inake upadeza se gaMga vaMza ke rAjA mAdhava varmA ne apane rAjya ke 13veM varSa meM phAlguNa sudi paMcamI ko mUlasaMgha dvArA pratiSThApita jinAlaya ko 'kumArapura' nAma kA eka gA~va dAna meM diyA thA yaha tAmra lekha gupta kAla se pUrva saMbhavataH I0 san 370 kA hai| prastuta vIradeva ke rAjagRha kI sonabhaNDAra guphA ke lekha meM utkIrNa varadeva ke sAtha ekatva kI saMbhAvanA ho sakatI hai|' 112

Page #147
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAma-bhAga 2 candra nandi ye malasaMgha ke vidvAna the| inheM paramArhata upAdhyAya vijayakIti kI sammati me candranandi Adi dvArA pratiSThApita uranUra ke jaina mandira ke liye mAdhavavarma ke putra koMguNi varma dharma mahArAjAdhirAja (avinIta) ne, jo jainadharma kA anuyAyI thA aura kaliyugo yudhiSThira kahalAtA thA / apane kalyANa ke liye apane bar3hate hue rAjya ke prathama varSa kI phAlguna sudI pacamI ko-korivunda deza meM 'vennelakarani' nAma kA gAMva pradAna kiyA thaa| aura perUra evA niyaDigala-jinAlaya ko vAhya cagI kA cauthAI kApiNa diyA thaa| yaha lekha gupta kAla meM pUrvavartI hai aura noNamagala (lakkara paraganA) meM dhvasta jaina vasti ke tAmra patroM para akita hai, jo jamIna meM mile hai| lekha samaya rahita hai| rAIsa sA0 ime 425 IsvI kA mAnate hai / ' zrIdatta zrIdatta nAma ke do vidvAna prAcAryoM kA nAmollekha milatA hai / eka zrIdatta ve hai jinakA nAma cAra bhAgatIya prAcAryA meM se eka hai / ve bar3e bhArI vidvAn aura tapasvI the| AcArya devanandi kI tattvArtha vRtti ke anusAra bhagavAna mahAvIra ke sAkSAtzipya gaNadhara aura zrutake valiyo ke vAda aMga-pUrvAdi ke pAThI jo prAcArya hue haiM, aura jinhoMne dazavakAlikAdi sUtra upanivaddha kiye ve pArAtIya kahalAte haiN| vinayadatta, zrIdatta, zivadatta aura arhadatta ye cAra pAgatIya AcArya dA hai| inhe indranandi ne aga-pUrvadhArI batalAyA hai| ina cAroM meM se zrIdatta ko choDa kara anya tIna kA bhI yahI paricaya jAnanA cAhiye / ve saba aga-pUrvadhArI the| dUsare zrIdatta dasare zrIdatta ve hai jo dArzanika vidvAna ke rUpa meM loka prasiddha rahe hai| ve dIptimAna tapasvI aura tresaTha vAdiyoM ke vijetA the| devanandi ne janendra vyAkaraNa ke 'zrIdattaraya striyAma' (1 / 4 / 34) sUtra meM zrIdatta kA smaraNa kiyA hai| isa satra meM zrIdatta ke mata kA ullekha kiyA hai, aura batalAyA hai ki zrIdatta prAcArya ke mata se guNahetUka paJcamI vibhakti hotI hai / parantu yaha kArya strIliGga meM nahIM hotaa| astu, 1. dekho, jana le khamaMgraha bhA0 2 lekha naM0 60 pU0 55 2. devo markaga kA tAmra patra, jaina lekha saMgraha bhAga 2 pR0 601 3. ArAtIyaH panagacAyaH kAladoSAtsaMkSiptAyarbala ziSyAnugrahArtha dazavakAlikAdyupanibaddhaM tatpramAraNaarthatasya devedamiti kSIrArNava jala ghaTa gRhItamiva / (tattvA0 vR0 a01 mUtra 20) 4. vinayadharaH zrIdattaH zivadatto 'nyo'rhadatta nAmate / ArAtIyAH yatayaH tato'bhavannaGgapUrvadharAH / / 24 -indranandi zrutAvatAra 24

Page #148
114 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 prAcArya akalaMkadeva ne apane tattvArtha vArtika pR0 57 meM zabda prAdurbhAva artha meM iti zabda ke prayoga kI carcA ke prasaGga meM 'iti zrIdattam' kA ullekha kiyA hai| isase jJAta hotA hai ki ye koI zabda zAstra niSNAta prAcArya the, aura unakA samaya pUjyapAda (devanandi) se pUrvavartI hai| jinasenAcArya ne Adi purANa meM unakA smaraNa karate hue unheM tapaH zrIdIpta mUrti aura vAdirUpI gajoM kA prabhedaka siMha batalAyA hai / isase ve bar3e dArzanika aura kisI dArzanika grantha ke kartA rahe haiN|' AcArya vidyAnanda ne tattvArtha zloka vArtika meM unheM vesaThavAdiyoM kA vijetA kahA hai aura unake 'jalpa nirNaya' nAmaka grantha kA ullekha kiyA hai| jaisA ki unake nimna padya se prakaTa hai| dviprakAraM jagau jalpaM tattvaprAtibhagocaram // triSaSThe,dinAM jetA zrIdatto jalpanirNaye // 45 -tattvA0 zlo0 vA0pa0280 jalpa nirNaya grantha jaya-parAjaya kI vyavasthA kA nirNAyaka jAna par3atA hai| akalaMka deva ke siddhi vinizcaya ke jalpasiddhi prakaraNa Adi meM saMbhavataH usakA upayoga kiyA gayA ho| akSapAda gautama ke 'nyAya sUtra' meM jina solaha padArthoM ke tatvajJAna se mokSa mAnA gayA hai, unameM vAda, jalpa aura vitaNDA bhI hai / vAdI ko prativAdI ke madhya hone vAle zAstrArtha ko vAda kahate haiN| jalpa aura vitaMDA bhI usI ke prakAra haiN| prAcArya zrIdatta ne usameM se jalpa kA nirNaya karane ke lie jalpa nirNaya grantha racA hogaa| cUMki zrIdatta ne vesaTha vAdiyoM ko jotA thA, isa kAraNa ve vAda zAkhA ke niSNAta paMDita the| ve bar3e bhArI tapasvI aura darzana zAstra ke prakANDa vidvAna the| prabhayanandi kI mahAvRtti se sUcita hotA hai ki zrIdatta atyanta prasiddha vaiyAkaraNa the jo loka meM pramANa mAnA jAtA hai| 'iti zrIdattam' yaha prayoga 'iti pANini' ke sadRza lokaprasiddha thaa| isI prakAra-tacchI dattam' aho zrIdatta' Adi prayoga bhI zrIdatta kI lokapriyatA aura prAmANikatA ko abhivyakta karate haiM sUtra / 3 / 3 / 76 para 'tena yoktam ke udAharaNa meM abhayanandI ne zrIdatta viracita sUtra grantha ko zrIdattIyam' kahA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki zrIdatta kA banAyA koI grantha avazya thA? / bahata saMbhava hai ki prAcArya jinasena aura devanandI dvArA ullikhita zrIdatta eka hI ho aura yaha bhI ho sakatA hai ki bhinna hoN| Adi purANakAra ne cUMki zrIdatta ko tapaH zrIdIpta mUrti aura vAdirUpagaja gaNoM kA prabhedaka siMha batalAyA hai| isase zrIdatta dArzanika vidvAna jAna par3ate haiN| yazobhadra ye prakhara tArkika vidvAn the| unake sabhA meM pahuMcate hI vAdiyoM kA garva kharva ho jAtA thaa| AcArya devanandI ne bhI apane jainendra vyAkaraNa meM 'kvavRSimajAM yazobhadrasya / / 34' satra meM yazobhadra kA ullekha kiyA hai| inakI kisI bhI kRti kA ullekha hamAre dekhane meM nahIM paayaa| devanandI dvArA jainendra vyAkaraNa meM ullekhita aura jinasena dvArA smRta yazobhadra donoM eka hI haiM, to inakA samaya IsA kI 5vI, tathA vi0 kI chaThI zatAbdI yA usase kucha pUrvavartI jAna par3atA hai| 1. zrIdattAya namastasmai tapaH zrIdIptamUrtaye / kaNThIravAyitaM yena pravAdIbhaprabhedane // 45 2. viduSviraNISu saMsatsu yasya nAmApi kIrtitam / nikharvayati tadgavaM yazobhadraH sa pAtu naH // Adi pu01,46

Page #149
pAMcavIM zatAbdI se AThavIM zatAbdI taka ke AcArya 115 devanaMdi (pUjyapAda) bhAratIya jaina paramparA meM jo labdhapratiSTha granthakAra hue haiM, unameM AcArya pUjyapAda (devanandi) kA nAma khAsataura se ullekhanIya hai| inheM vidvattA aura pratibhA kA samAna rUpa se varadAna prApta thaa| jaina paramparA meM svAmI samantabhadra aura sanmati ke kartA siddhasena ke bAda pUjyapAda yA devananda ko hI mahattA prApta hai| ApakI amara kRtiyoM kA prabhAva digambara-zvetAmbara donoM hI paramparAgoM meM samAna rUpa se dikhAI detA hai| isa kAraNa uttaravartI vidvAna itihAsajJoM aura sAhityakAroM ne inakI mahattA aura vidvattA ko svIkAra kiyA hai aura unake caraNoM meM zraddhA-sumana samarpita kiye haiN| AcArya devanandi apane samaya ke prasiddha tapasvI munipuMgava the| ve sAhitya jagata ke prakAzamAna sUrya the jinake Aloka se samasta vAGmaya Alokita rhegaa| inakA dIkSA nAma devanandi thA / buddhi kI prakharatA ke kAraNa ve jinendra buddhi kahalAye, aura devoM dvArA unake caraNa yugala pUje gae the, isa kAraNa ve loka meM pUjyapAda nAma se khyAta the| jaisA ki zravaNabelagola ke zilAlekha (naM0 40) ke nimna padya se spaSTa hai : yo devanandi prathimAbhidhAno buddhayA mahatyA sa jinendra buddhiH| zrI pUjyapAdojani devatAbhiryatpUjitaM pAdayugaM yadIyam // nandi saMgha kI paTTAvalI meM bhI devanandi kA dUsarA nAma pUjyapAda batalAyA hai / ye vyAkaraNa, kAvya siddhAnta, vaidyaka. aura chanda Adi vividha viSayoM ke marmajJa vidvAna the| jainendra vyAkaraNa ke kartA ke nAma se hI inakI prasiddhi hai / ye mUlasaMghAntargata nandisaMgha ke pradhAna AcArya the| vAdirAja ne bhI unakA smaraNa kiyA hai| Adi purANa ke kartA jinasena inakI stuti karate hue kahate haiM : "kavInAM tIrthakRdevaH ki tarAM tatra varNyate / viduSAM vAGmaladhvaMsi tIrtha yasya vacomayam // " -jo kaviyoM meM tIrthakara ke samAna the aura jinakA vacana rUpI tIrtha vidvAnoM ke vacana mala ko dhone vAlA hai| una devanandi prAcArya kI stuti karane meM kauna samartha hai ? devanandi ne jisa taraha apanI kRtiyoM dvArA mokSamArga kA prakAza kiyA hai, usI prakAra unhoMne zabda zAstra para bhI apanI racanAeM loka meM bheMTa kI haiM, aura zarIra zAstra jaise laukika viSaya para bhI apanI racanA pradAna kI haiM / isI se prAcArya zubhacandra bhI jJAnArNava meM unake guNoM kA udbhAvana karate hue kahate hai : prapAkurvanti yadvAcaH kAyavAJcittasambhavam / kalaGkamaGginAM so'yaM devanandI namasyate // 1-15 / -jinakI zAstra paddhati prANiyoM ke zarIra, vacana aura citta ke sabhI prakAra ke maila ko dUra karane meM samartha hai, una devanandI ko maiM praNAma karatA huuN| prAcArya guNanandi ne jainendra vyAkaraNa ke sUtroM kA prAzraya lekara jainendra prakriyA kI racanA kI hai ve unakA guNagAna karate hue kahate haiM 1. acintya mahimA devaH so'bhivandyo hitaissinnaa| zabdAzca yena siddhayanti sAdhutvaM pratilambhitaH // pArzvanAtha carita

Page #150
116 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 namaH zrIpUjyapAdAya lakSaNaM yadupakramam / / yadevAtra tadanyatra yannAtrAsti na tatkvacit // jinhoMne lakSaNa zAstra kI racanA kI, maiM una pUjyapAda AcArya ko praNAma karatA hai| isIse unake lakSaNa zAstra kI mahattA spaSTa hai ki jo isameM hai vahI anyatra hai aura jo isameM nahI hai vaha anyatra bhI nahI hai / inake sivAya uttaravartI dhanaMjaya, vAdirAja, aura padmaprabha Adi aneka vidvAnoM ne unakA stavana kara unakI guNa paramparA ko jIvita rakkhA hai / isase pUjyapAda kI mahattA kA sahaja hI bhAna ho jAtA hai| inake pUjyapAda aura jinendra buddhi ina nAmoM kI sArthakatA vyakta karane vAle zilA vAkyoM ko dekhiye zrIpUjyapAdoddhRta dharmarAjyastataH surAdhIzvara pUjyapAdaH / yadIyavaiduSya guNAnidAnoM vadanti zAstrANi taduddhatAni / / dhRta vizva buddhirayamatrayogibhiH kRtkRtyabhAvamanuvibhraduccakaiH / jinavad babhUva yadanagacApahRtsa jinendrabuddhiriti sAdhuNitaH / / ye donoM zloka zaka saM0 1355 meM utkIrNa zilAlekha ke hai jinameM batalAyA gayA hai ki prAcArya pUjyapAda ne dharmarAja kA uddhAra kiyA thaa| isase Apake caraNa indro dvArA pUje gae the| isI kAraNa Apa pUjyapAda nAma se sambodhita kiye jAne lge| Apake vidyA viziSTa guNoM ko Aja bhI Apake dvArA uddhAra pAye hue-race hue - zAstra batalA rahe haiN| prApa jinendra ke samAna vizva buddhi ke dhAraka-samasta zAstra-viSayo meM pAragata the, kRtakRtya the aura kAmadeva ko jItane vAle the / isIliye yogI jana unheM 'jinendra buddhi' nAma me sambodhita karate the| ___ Apa nandi saMgha ke pradhAna prAcArya the / mahAna dArzanika, advitIya vaiyAkaraNa apUrva vaidya, dhuraMdhara kavi bahuta bar3e tapasvI, sAtizaya yogI aura pUjya mahAtmA the| jIvana-paricaya-Apa karnATaka deza ke nivAsI aura brAhmaNa kula meM utpanna hue the| pUjyapAda carita aura rAjAvalI kathe nAmaka graMtha meM Apake pitA kA nAma mAdhava bhaTTa aura mAtA kA nAma zrIdevI diyA hai| ApakA janma kole nAma ke grAma meM huA thaa| ___ jIvana-ghaTanA-Apake jIvana kI aneka ghaTanAe~ hai-(1) videhagamana (2) ghora tapAraNAdi ke kAraNa prAMkhoM kI jyoti kA naSTa ho jAnA tathA zAntASTaka ke nirmANa aura ekAgratA pUrvaka usakA pATha karane se usakI pUnaH samprApti / (3) devatAno dvArA caraNoM kA pUjA jAnA, (4) prauSadhi Rddhi kI upalabdhi (5) pAda spRSTa jala ke prabhAva se lohe kA suvarNa meM pariNata ho jAnA / isa sabake vicAra kA yahA~ avasara nahIM hai| yaha vizeSa anusandhAna ke sAtha yoga kI zakti kI vizeSatA aura mahattA se sambandhita hai| sAtha meM aDola zraddhA bhI usame kAraNa hai| ApakI nimna racanAeM haiM-tattvArtha vRtti (sarvArtha siddhi) samAdhitatra, iSTopadeza, daza bhakti, jainendra vyAkaraNa, vaidyaka zAstra, chanda graMtha, zAntyapTaka, sArasagraha aura jainaabhissek| tattvArtha vRtti-upalabdha jaina sAhitya meM gRddha picchAcArya ke tattvArtha sUtra para likhI gaI yaha prathama TIkA hai| pUjyapAda ne pratyeka adhyAya ke anta meM samApti sUcaka jo puSpikA dI hai| usameM isakA nAma sarvArtha siddhi batalAte hue ise vRtti grantha rUpa se svIkAra kiyA hai / jaisA ki TIkA prazasti ke nimna padya se prakaTa hai : 1. zaka saMvat 1355 ke nimna zilA vAkya meM auSadhaRddhi, aura videha ke jina darzana meM zarIra kI pavitratA tathA unake pAdadhIta jala ke sparza ke prabhAva me lohe ke suvarNa hone kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai : zrI pUjyapAdamunigpratimauSaddhiH jIyAdvidehajinadarzanapUtagAtra. / yatpAdadhautajalasaMmparya prabhAvAtkAlAyazaM kila tadA kanakIcakAra / / 17 2. iti sarvArtha siddhi majJakAyAM tattvArthavRttI prathamo'dhyAyaH samApta. /

Page #151
pAMcavIM zatAbdI se AThavIM zatAbdI taka ke AcArya 117 svargApavargasukhamAptu manobhirAyaH jainendra shaasnvraamRtsaarbhuutaa| sarvArthasiddhiriti sadbhirupAtta nAmA tattvArtha vRttiranizaM manasA pradhAryA / / jo svarga aura mokSa-sukha ke icchuka hai, ve jinendra zAsana rUpI utkRSTa amRta meM sArabhUta ora sajjana puruSoM dvArA rakhe gaye sarvArthasiddhi isa nAma se prakhyAta isa tattvArtha vRtti ko nirantara mana pUrvaka dhAraNa krN| ve usakI mahattA batalAte hue kahate haiM : tattvArthavattimuditAM viditArthatattvA : aNvanti ye paripaThanti ca dhrmbhktyaa| haste kRtaM paramasiddhisukhAmRtaM tairmAmarezvarasukheSu kimasti vAcyam / / saba padArtho ke jAnakAra jo isa tattvArtha vRtti ko dharma bhakti se sunate haiM, aura par3hate haiM mAno unhoMne parama siddha sukha rUpI amata ko apane hAtha meM hI kara liyA hai| phira unheM cakravartI aura indra ke sukha ke viSaya meM to kahanA hI kyA hai ? isa kAraNa isa vRtti kA nAma 'sarvArthasiddhi' mArthaka hai| racanA zailI cuki sUtra kA viSaya tattvArtha hai, ata vRttikAra ne jIva, ajIva, prAsrava, baMdha saMvara nirjarA ora mokSa rUpa sAta tattvoM kA mahattvapUrNa vivecana kiyA hai| TIkAkAra ne ise vRtti kahA hai| jisameM sUtroM ke padoM kA prAzraya lekara pratyeka pada kI vivecanA kI jAtI hai use vatti kahate haiN| vRtti kA yaha lakSaNa sarvArtha siddhi meM saMghaTita hai| isa meM sUtra ke prAyaH sabhI padoM kA vyAkhyAna kiyA gayA hai| udAharaNa ke liye prathama adhyAya ke dUsare sUtra meM 'tattvArtha' pada rakhA hai| isakA vizada vivecana darzanAntaroM kA nirdeza karate hue kiyA hai / isase pUjyapAda kI racanA zailI kA sahaja hI prAbhAma ho jAtA hai| unhoMne sUtragata pratyeka pada kA vicAra kiyA hai aura satrapATha meM jaba prAgama se virodha dikhAI detA hai, vahAM sUtra pATha kI rakSA karate hue unhoMne usakI saGgati viThalAne kA prayatna kiyA hai| TokA meM unakI kuzalatA kA sarvatra darzana hotA hai| pUjyapAda eka prAmANika TIkAkAra haiN| unakI zailI gatizIla evaM pravAhayukta hai| vRttikAra ne vRtti likhate samaya bhASA sauSThava kA barAbara dhyAna rakhA hai, aura pAgama paramparA kA bhI pUrA nirvAha kiyA hai| prathama adhyAya ke sAtaveM AThaveM sUtra kI vRtti likhate hue unhoMne SaTkhaNDAgama ke sUtroM kA saMskRta anuvAda de diyA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki AcArya devanaMdi paTkhaNDAgama ke abhyAsI the, usake rahasya se paricita the| isa kAraNa usameM viziSTa kathana kiyA gayA hai| ve bahuzrata vidvAna the| unhoMne vastatattva kA dar3hanA se pratipAdana karane kA sAhasa kiyA hai| unakI zailI vizad aora viSaya sparzI hai| vatti likhate samaya jo choTe-bar3e pATha bheda mile| unakI unhoMne yathAsthAna carcA kI hai, aura unakA ullekha kiyA hai| ki pUjyapAda ke sAmane kucha TIkA grantha avazya the| isI se unhoMne apareSAM kSiprani:sata iti pAThaH" kA ullekha karate hae batalAyA hai ki anya acAryoM ke mata se kSipra ke bAda aniHsRta ke sthAna para niHsata pATha hai| devanandi ne tattvArthasUtra kI bahumUlya TIkA banAkara pAThakoM ko jJAna kI vipula sAmagrI prastuta kI hai| samAdhitantra-dUsarI kRti samAdhi taMtra hai / isakI zloka saMkhyA 105 hai, zravaNa velagola ke 40veM zilAlekha meM isakA nAma samAdhi zataka diyA hai / yaha eka prAdhyAtmika grantha hai / isameM adhyAtma viSaya kA bar3I hI sundaratA se pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| adhyAtma se gar3ha viSaya kA itanA sarala aura sarasa kathana sUtrarUpa meM karanA prapanI khAsa vizeSatA rakhatA hai| viSaya ke pratipAdana kI zailI sundara aura hRdayagrAhiNI hai| bhASA sauSThava dekhate hI banatA hai| padya racanA prasAdAdi guNoM se viziSTa hai| jAna par3atA hai, devanandI ne adhyAtma zAsa dohana karake jo amRta nikAlA, vaha isameM bharA huA hai| isake adhyayana se citta prasanna ho jAtA hai aura usase apanI bhUla kA bodha hotA calA jAtA hai| granthakAra ne svayaM likhA hai ki maiMne isakA nirmANa Agama, yukti aura antaHkaraNa kI ekAgratA dvArA sampanna svAnubhava ke dvArA kiyA hai jaisA ki usake nimna padya se prakaTa hai : 17.sata

Page #152
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 zrutena ligena yathAtmazakti samAhitAntaHkaraNena samyak / / samIkSya kaivalya sukhaspRhANAM viviktamAtmAnamathAbhidhAsye / / grantha kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana karane se spaSTa jAna par3atA hai ki kundakundAcArya ke granthoM ko AtmasAta karake isakI racanA kI hai| yahAM namUne ke taura para do padyoM kI tulanA nIce dI jA rahI hai : tipayAro so prappA paramaMtara bAhiro hu dehINaM / tattha paro jhAijjai aMtovAeNa cayadi bahirappA / / mokSa prA0 bahirantaH parazceti tridhAtmA sarvadehiSa / upeyAttatra paramaM madhyopAyAd bahistyajet // samAdhitatra NiyabhAvaMNa vi maMca parabhAvaM va giNhaye keiN| jANadi passadi savvaM sohaM idi citennaannii||87 niyamasAra yadagrAhyana gRhNAti gRhItaM nApi muJcati / jAnAti sarvathA sarva tatsva saMvedyamasmyaham / / 130 samAdhitaMtra grantha ke par3hane se aisA lagatA hai ki unhoMne isa granya kI racanA usa samaya ko, jaba unako dRSTi bAhya se haTakara antarmukhI ho gaI thii| tIsarI racanA iSTopadeza hai / yaha 51 padyoM kA choTA sA lagha kAya grantha hai, jo AdhyAtmika rasa se sarAvora hai| isa grantha para paM0 pravara AzAghara jI kI eka saMskRta TIkA hai, jo prakAzita ho cukI hai| yaha bhI adhyAtma kI anupama kRti hai, aura kaTha karane ke yogya hai| ina granthoM ke nirmANa karate samaya granthakartA ko eka mAtra yahI dRSTi rahI hai ki saMsArI AtmA apane svarUpa ko kaise pahacAne, tathA dehAdi para padArthoM se apanatva kA parityAga kara Atma-kAryoM meM sAvadhAna rhe| dazabhakti-prabhAcandra ne kriyAkalApa kI TIkA meM-'saMskRtAH sarvAbhaktayaH pUjyapAda svAmI kRtAH prAkRtAsna kandakandAcArya kRtAH' saMskRta kI sabhI bhaktiyoM ko pUjyapAda kI batalAyA hai| inameM siddha bhaktipadyoM kI bar3I hI mahattvapUrNa kRti hai| usameM siddhi, siddhi kA mArga aura siddhi ko prApta hone vAle prAtmA kA rocaka kathana diyA haA hai| isI taraha zruta bhakti, cAritra bhakti, yogi bhakti, prAcArya bhakti aura nirvANa bhakti tathA nandIzvara bhakti kA saMskRta padyo meM svarUpa diyA huA hai| ina sabhI bhaktiyoM kI racanA praur3ha hai| jainendra vyAkaraNa-AcArya pUjyapAda kI yaha maulika kRti hai| yaha pAMca adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai| isakI satra saMkhyA tIna hajAra ke lagabhaga hai| isakA sabase pahalA sUtra 'siddhirane kAntAt' hai| isameM batalAyA hai ki zabdoM kI siddhi aura jJapti anekAnta ke Azraya se hotI hai| kyoki zabda astitva-nAstitva, nityatva-anityatva, aura vizeSaNa-vizeSa dharma ko liye hue hote haiN| isameM bhUtabali zrIdatta, yazobhadra, prabhAcandra, samantabhadra aura siddhasena nAma ke chaha AcAryoM ke matoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| ___ "rAdbhUtabale: 3, 4, 83 / prAcArya zrIdatta mata kA pratipAdana karane vAlA sUtra-"guNe zrIdattasyAstriyAma, 1, 4, 34 / prAcArya yazobhadra ke pratipAdaka sUtra hai-'kRvRSimR yshobhdrsy|' hai, 2, 1, 12 / aura prabhAcandra ke pratipAdaka sUtra hai- 'rAtreH kRti prabhAcandrasya, 4, 3, 180 / prAcArya samantabhadra ke mata ko abhivyakti karane vAlA satra-'catuSTayaM samantabhadrasya, 5, 4, 140 / siddhasena ke mata kA pratipAdaka satra-'vetraH siddhasenasya / 1,7,ina ullekho se spaSTa hai ki ye saba grantha prora granthakAra prAcArya pUjyapAda se pUrvavartI haiN| jainendra vyAkaraNa kI apanI kucha vizeSatAe~ haiM jinake kAraNa usakA svatantra sthAna hai / jainendra vyAkaraNa kA asalI sUtra pATha pAcArya prabhayanandi kRta mahAvRtti meM upalabdha hotA hai / jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa meM isakI vizeSatAmoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai|

Page #153
pAMcavIM zatAbdI se AThavIM zatAbdI taka ke AcArya 116 jainendra aura zabdAvatAra nyAsa-zimogA jile ke nagara tahasIla ke 46 meM zilAlekha meM isa bAta kA ullekha hai ki prAcArya pUjyapAda ne apane ukta vyAkaraNa para 'jainendra' nAmaka nyAsa likhA thA aura dUsarA pANini vyAkaraNa para 'zabdAvatAra' nAma kA nyAsa likhA thaa| yathA nyAsaM jainendra saMjJaM sakala budhanutaM pANinIyasya bhUyo / nyAsaM zabdAvatAraM manujatihitaM vaidyazAstraM ca kRtvA / / yastattvArthasya TokAM vyaracadihatAM bhAtyasau pUjyapAda svAmI bhUpAla vandyaH svapahitavacaH pUrNadRgbodha vRttaH // ye donoM graMtha abhI upalabdha hae haiN| grantha bhaMDAroM meM inake anveSaNa karane kI jarUrata hai| zAntyaSTaka-kriyA kalApa grantha meM saMgrahIta hai| isa para paM0 prabhAcandra kI saMskRta TIkA bhI hai| kahA jAtA hai ki pUjyapAda kI dapTi timirAcchanna ho gaI thI, use dUra karane ke liye unhoMne 'zAntyaSTaka' kI racanA kI ho| kyoMki usake eka padya meM ,dRSTi prasannAM kuru' vAkya AtA hai| sAra saMgraha-prAcArya pUjyapAda ne 'sAra saMgraha' nAma ke grantha kI racanA kI hai| jaisA ki dhavalA TIkA ke nimna vAkya se spaSTa hai : "sAra saMgrahe'pyukta pUjyapAdaiH ananta paryAtmakasyavastuno'nyatama paryAyAdhigame kartavye jAtyahetvapekSo niravadya prayogo naya iti / " sarvArtha siddhi meM pUjyapAda ne jo naya kA lakSaNa diyA hai usase isameM bahuta kucha samAnatA hai / cikitsA zAstra kI racanA pUjyapAda ne kI ho, isake uralekha to milate hai ; para vaha mUla grantha abhI taka / ugradityAcArya ne apane kalyANa kAraka vaidyaka grantha meM usakA ullekha nimna zabdoM meM kiyA hai 'pUjyapAdena bhASitaH, zAlAkyaM pUjyapAda prakaTitamadhikam / ' ___ prAcArya zubhacandra ne apane 'jJAnArNava' meM usakA ullekha kiyA hai aura batalAyA hai ki-jinake vacana prANiyoM ke kAya, vAkya aura mana sambandhI doSoM ko dUra kara dete haiM una devanandI ko namaskAra hai| isameM pUjyapAda ke tIna granthoM kA ullekha saMnihita hai :-vAgdoSoM ko dUra karane vAlA jainendra vyAkaraNa, aura citta doSoM ko dUra karane vAlA prApakA mukhya grantha 'samAdhitaMtra' hai| tathA kAya doSoM ko dUra karane vAlA kisI vaidyaka grantha kA ullekha kiyA hai, jo isa samaya anupalabdha hai| 'apAkurvanti yadvAca: kAyavAk citta saMbhavam / kalaMka maMginAM so'yaM devanandI namasyate // ' yaha vaidyaka grantha abhI anupalabdha hai| zimogA nagara tAllukA ke 46veM zilAlekha meM bhI unheM manuSya samAja kA hitaiSI aura vaidyaka zAstra kA racayitA batalAyA hai| jainAbhiSeka-zravaNa velagola ke zaka saM0 1085 ke 40 navambara ke eka padya meM anya granthoM ke ullekha ke sAtha abhiSeka pATha kA ullekha kiyA hai| chanda graMtha-prAcArya pUjyapAda ne chanda grantha kI racanA bhI kI thii| chando'nuzAsana ke kartA jayakIti ne pUjyapAda ke chanda grantha kA ullekha kiyaa| samaya AcArya pUjyapAda ke samaya ke sambandha meM koI vivAda nahI hai; kyoMki pUjyapAda ke uttaravartI prAcArya jina bhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa (vi0 saM0 666) ne vizeSAvazyaka meM sarvArthasiddhi ke vAkyoM ko apanAyA hai, jaisA ki usakI talanA para se spaSTa hai| isase spaSTa hai ki pUjyapAda saM0666 se pUrva haiN| akalaMkadeva ne bhI sarvArtha siddhi ko vAtikAdi ke rUpa meM 'tattvArtha vArtika' meM apanAyA hai| tulanA 1. devo chandonuzAsana, jayakIrti 2. sarvArtha siddhi a0 110 15 meM dhAraNA mati jJAna kA lakSaNa nimna rUpa meM diyA hai :

Page #154
120 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 pUjyapAda ke granthoM para samantabhadra kA prabhAva spaSTa hai / aura jainendra vyAkaraNa meM pUjyapAda ne 'catuSTayaM samantabhadrasya' sUtra dvArA unakA ullekha bhI kiyA hai| pUjyapAda ne tattvArthavRtti meM siddhasena kI dvAtriMzikA ke nimna padyAMza ko uddhata kiyA hai-"viyojayati cAsubhirna ca vadhena saMyujyate" sanmati meM sUtra aura kucha dvAtriMzatikAnoM ke kartA siddhamena kA samaya cauthI-pAMcavIM zatAbdI hai ataeva pUjyapAda bhI isI samaya ke vidvAn haiN| pUjyapAda gaMgavaMzIya rAjA avinIti (vi0 saM0 523) ke putra duvinIti (vi0 saM0 538) ke zikSA guru the| avanIta ke putra duvinIta ne zabdAvatAra nAmaka grantha kI racanA kI thii| premIjI ne likhA hai-zimogA jile kI nagara tahasIla ke zilAlekha meM devanandI ko pANinIya vyAkaraNa para zabdAvatAra nyAsa kA kartA likhA hai| isase anumAna hotA hai ki duvinIta ke guru pUjyapAda ne vaha graMtha racakara apane ziSya ke nAma se pracArita kiyA thaa| duvinIta kA rAjya kAla san 480 I0 se 520 I. ke madhya kA mAnA jAtA hai| isase pUjyapAda 5vIM ke uttarArddha aura chaThI ke pUrvArddha ke vidvAn Thaharate haiN| pUjyapAda ke eka vidvAn ziSya vajranandi ne vi0 saM0 526 (466 I.) meM dravir3a saMgha kI sthApanA kI thii| isase bhI pUjyapAda kA ukta samaya nizcita hotA hai| vyAkaraNa meM granthakAra prAcIna udAharaNoM ke sAtha sva-samayakAlika ghaTanAoM kA bhI nirdeza karate haiM / jaise 'adahadamoghavarSo'rAtIn zAkaTAyana (4/3/208) 'aruNat siddharAjo'vantIm haima (5/2/8) isI taraha jainendra vyAkaraNa kA 'aruNanmehendro mathurAm' (2/2/62) isakA artha hai mahendra dvArA mathurA kA vijy| yaha mahendra guptavaMzI kumAra gupta hai| inakA pUrA nAma mahendra kumAra hai| jainendra ke 'vinApi nimittaM pUrvottara padayo ; tvaM vakta vyam' (4/1/136) athavA padeSu padaika dezAna' niyama ke anusAra usI ko mahendra athavA kumAra kahate haiN| usake 'avestasya kAlAntare'vimmaraNakAraNam / ' vizeSAvazyaka bhASya meM inhI zabdoM ko duharAte hue kahA haikAlaMtaraM ca jaM puNaraNasaraNaM dhAraNAsAu / / gA0 261 cAkSu indriya ko aprApyakArI batalAte hue sarvArtha siddhi a0 1 sUtra 16 meM kahA hai-'manovad prApyakArIti' vizeSAvazyaka bhASya meM use nimna zabdo meM vyakta kiyA hai| 'loyaNamapattaviSayaM maNovva / / " gAthA 206 sarvArtha siddhi a0 1 sUtra 20 meM yaha zaMkA kI gaI hai ki prathama mamyakatva kI utpatti ke samaya donoM jJAnoM kI utpatti eka sAtha hotI hai ataeva zrutajJAna matijJAna pUrvaka hotA hai / yaha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| Aha-prathama samyaktvotpattau yugapajjJAna pariNAmAnmati pUrvakatva zrutasyanotpadyata iti / ' isake prakAza meM vizeSAvazyaka kI nimna gAthA ko degviyeNANANNANiya sama kAlAI jano mttmuaatt| to na suyaM mai puvvaM mahaNANe vA muyannANaM / / gA0 107 1. dekho, marvArthamiddhi samantabhadra para prabhAva zIrSaka lekha anekAnta varSa-5 pR0 345 2. zrImakoMkaNa mahArAjAdhirAjamyAvinIta nAmnaH putreNa zabdAvatArakAreNa devabhAratI nibaddha bahatkathena kigatAjanIya paMcadaza sarga TIkAkAreNa duvinItinAmadheyena3. miri pUjyapAda mImo dAviDa saMghamsa kAggo duttttho| NAmeNa vajjagadI pAhaDavedI mhaastto|| paMcasaye chabbIse vikkamarAyassa maraNapattamsa / dakkhiNa mahurAjAdo dAviDasaMghA mhaamoho| -darzanasAra

Page #155
pAcavI zatAbdI se AThavI zatAbdo taka ke AcArya 121 sikkoM para mahendra, mahendrasiha, mahendra varmA, mahendra kumAra Adi nAma upalabdha hote hai / tibbatIya grantha candra garbha sUtra meM likhA hai-"bhavano palhikA zakuno (kuzanA) ne milakara tIna lAkha senA se mahendra ke rAjya para AkramaNa kiyaa| gagA ke uttara ka pradeza jota liye| mahendramena ke yuvA kumAra ne do lAkha senA lekara usa para AkramaNa kiyA pAra vijaya prApta kaa| loTane para pitA ne usakA abhiSeka kara diyA / isame mAlama hotA hai ki pUjyapAda ne isI ghaTanA kA ullekha kiyA hai| usane gagA ke Asa-pAsa kA pradeza jItakara matharA ko apanA kendra banAyA thaa| kumAra gupta kA rAjya kAla vi0 sa0 470 me 512 (san 413 se 445 I0 hai| ata yahI samaya pUjyapAda kA honA caahie| pa0 yudhiSThira jI kA yaha mata ThAka nahIM hai, kyoki 'aruNat mahendro mathurAm' yaha vAkya pUjyapAda kA nahIM hai kintu mahAvRttikAra abhayanandi kA he / Taliye yaha tarka pramANita nahI hA sktaa| AyamaMkSa aura nAgahasti prApaMmakSa aura nAgahasti-- ina dono prAcAryoM kI guru paramparA aura gaNa-gacchAdi kA koI ullekha nahIM miltaa| ye dono prAcArya yati vapana ke guru the| prAcArya vIrasena jinamena ne dhavalA jayadhavalA TIkA meM dono guruoM kA eka sAtha ullekha kiyA hai| isa kAraNa dono kA astitva kAla eka samaya honA cAhiye, bhale hI unameM jyeSThatva kanipThatva ho| ina donoM prAcAryo ke siddhAnta-viSayaka upadezoM meM kucha sUkSma mata bheda bhI rahA hai| jo vIrasenAcArya ko unake grathoM athavA guru paramparA se jJAta thA jinakA ullekha dhavalA jayadhavalA TIkA meM pAyA jAtA hai aura jise pavAijjamANa apavAijjamANa yA dakSiNa pratipatti aura uttara pratipatti ke nAma se ullekhita kiyA hai|' dhavalA jayadhavalA meM unheM 'kSamAzramaNa' aura 'mahAvAcaka' bhI likhA hai, jo unakI mahattA ke dyotaka hai| zvetAmbarIya paTTAvaliyo me ajjamagu aura ajja nAga hatthI kA ullekha milatA hai / nandi sUtra kI paTTAvalI meM ajjamagu ko namaskAra karate hue likhA hai : bhaNagaM karagaM jharagaM pabhAvagaM NANadaMsaNaguNANaM / vaMdAmi ajjamaMgu suyasAyarapAragaM dhIraM // 28 sUtroM kA kathana karane vAle, unameM kahe gae prAcAra ke mapAlaka, jJAna prora darzana guNoM ke prabhAvaka, tathAthatasamudra ke pAragAmI dhIra prAcArya maga ko namaskAra karatA huuN| isI prakAra nAgahasti kA smaraNa karate hue likhA hai : 1. bhUmi kA jainendra mahAvRtti pR08 2. pa0 bhagavaddana kA bhAratavarSa kA itihAsa ma0 2003 pR0 354 3. jo ajjamakhu sIso atevAmI vi nnaaghtthimm| -jayadhavalA bhA0 1 104 4: savvAigyi-sammado cirakAlabhavocchiNNasaMpadAyakameNAgacchamAraNo jo ziSyaparampagae pavAHjjadeso pavAjato vaesotti bhaNNade / athavA ajjamavubhayavatANamuvaeso etthA'pavAijjamANo NAma / gAgaitthi gvagNANamuvAso pavA jjatavAtti ghetvyo| -(jayadhavalA prastAvanA Ti0 pR0 43 5. "kammaThiditti aNipogaddArehi bhaNNamANe ve uvaemA hoti jahaNNamukkasma TThidINa pagAraNa pamvaNA kammalidi pamvapatti raNAgaha tya khamAmamaNA bhaNati / ajja makhu khamAsamaNA puNa kammaTThidi parUveNenti bharaNati / eva dohi uvAme hi kammadidi parUpaNA kaayvyaa|"-"etth duve uvAesA ..."mahAvAcayANamajjamakhu khavaraNANamuvaeseNa logapUride Auga mamANa gaNAmA godavedaNIyANa TiThadi saMtakamma Thavedi / mahAvAcayANa NAgahatthi khavaNANa muvaeseNa loge pUride NAmA-goda vedaraNIyANa TiThAda mata kamma aMto muhutta pamANaM hodi / -dhavalA TIkA

Page #156
122 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa bhAga-2 baDau vAyagavaMso jasa vaMso prajjaNAgahatthINaM / vAgaraNa karaNa bhaMgiya kamma payaDI pahANANaM // 30 isameM batAyA hai ki vyAkaraNa, karaNa caturbhagI Adi ke nirUpaka zAstra tathA karma prakRti meM pradhAna prArya nAgahastI kA yazasvI vAcaka vaMza vRddhi ko prApta ho / nandi sUtra meM Arya maMgu ke pazcAt Arya nandila kA smaraNa kiyA hai aura usake pazcAt nAgahasti kaa| nandisUtra cUrNI aura hAribhadrIya vRtti meM bhI yahI krama pAyA jAtA hai| donoM meM Arya maMgu kA ziSya Arya nandila paura Arya nandila kA ziSya nAgahastI batalAyA hai| "mArya maMgu ziSya Arya nandila kSapaNaM shirsaavNde| ...'mArya nandila kSapaNa ziSyANAM prArya nAgahastioNaM // isase prArya maMgu ke praziSya prArya nAgahasti the, aisA pramANita hotA hai / nAgahasti ko karma prakRti meM pradhAna batAyA hai aura vAcakavaMza kI vRddhi kI kAmanA kI gaI hai| zvetAmbarIya granthoM meM Arya maMgu kI eka kathA milatI hai| usameM likhA hai ki ve mathurA meM jAkara bhraSTa ho gaye the| nAgahastiI ko vAcaka vaMza kA prasthApaka bhI batalAyA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki ve vAcaka the, isa kAraNa unake ziSya vAcaka khlaaye| ina saba bAtoM para vicAra karane se yaha sabhAvya lagatA hai ki zvetAmbara paramparA ke Arya maMga aura mahAvAcaka nAgahastI aura dhavalA jaya dhavalA ke mahAvAcaka Arya makSa aura mahAvAcaka nAgahasti eka hoN| prArya maMgu kA samaya tapAgacchapaTTAvalI pR0 47 meM vIranirvANa se 467 varSa aura siri dusamAkalasamaNasaMghathayaM kI avari pR0 16 meM vIra ni0 620-686 batalAyA hai| kintu donoM kA eka samaya kisI bhI zvetAmbara padAvalI meM upalabdha nahIM hotaa| kintu digambara paramparA meM donoM ko yativRSabha kA guru batalAyA hai| matharA ke lekha naM0 54 praura 55 ke prArya ghastu hasta tathA hasti hasti to kAla kI dRSTi se paTTAvalI ke 16 veM paTTadhara nAgahastI jAna par3ate haiM / lekhoM ke jJAna samaya se paTTAvalI meM diye gaye samaya ke sAtha koI virodha nahIM paataa| lekhoM ke kuSANa saMvat 54 aura 55 (vIra ni0 saM0 657 aura 659) paTTAvalI meM diye gae nAgahastI ke samaya vIra ni0 saM0620-60 ke antargata prA jAte haiN| arthAt nAga hastI 656, 470-186 vi0saM0 meM vidyamAna the| usI samaya ke lagabhaga SaTkhaNDAgama kI racanA huI hai / usa samaya karma prakRti prAbhUta maujUda thaa| usI ke lopa ke bhaya se dharasenAcArya ne puSpadanta bhUtabali ko par3hAyA thaa| ataH lekhagata yaha samakAlInatA pAzcaryajanaka hai| yaha bAta khAsa taura se ullekhanIya hai ki lekha naM0 54 meM prArya nAgahasti dhastu hasti aura maMgahasti kA tathA lekha naM055 meM nAgahasti (hasta hasti) aura mAgha hasti kA eka sAtha ullekha hai| mAghahasti sabhavata: maMgU maMkha yA maMkSa kA nAmAntara ho, aura zilpI kI asAvadhAnI se aisA utkIrNa ho gayA ho| donoM lekhoM meM donoM kA eka sAtha ullekha honA apanA khAsa mahatva rakhatA hai| para isase yativRSabha ko aura pahale kA vidvAna mAnanA hogaa| taba isa samaya ke sAtha unakI saMgati ThIka baiTha skegii| yativaSabha kA vartamAna samaya 5vIM zatAbdI to tiloyapaNNattI ke kAraNa hai| prAcIna tiloyapaNNattI ke mila jAne para usa para vicAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| muni sarvanandI (prAkRtaloka vibhAga ke kartA) muni sarvanandI vikrama ko chaThavIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArdha ke vidvAn the / aura prAkRta bhASA ke acche vidvAna the| unakI eka mAtra kRti 'lokavibhAga kA ullekha tiloyapaNNattI meM pAyA jAtA hai| parantu nizcaya pUrvaka yaha kahanA kaThina hai ki jisa loka vibhAga kA ullekha tiloyapaNNattI kAra' ne kiyA hai vaha inhI savanandI kA racanA hai / sihasari ne isakA saMskRta meM anuvAda kiyA hai| usakI prazasti ke nimna padya se jJAta hotA hai ki sarvanandI ne use zaka

Page #157
pAMcavIM zatAbdI se AThavIM zatAbdI taka ke AcArya 123 saM0 380 (vi0 saM0 515) meM kAMcI nareza siMhavarmA ke 22veM saMvatsara meM, jaba uttarASAr3ha nakSatra meM zanaizcara, vRSabha meM vRhaspati, aura uttarA phAlgani meM candramA avasthita thA, tathA zukla pakSa thaa| pANarASTra ke pATalika grAma meM pUrAkAla meM sarvanandi ne loka vibhAga kI racanA kI thii| siMha varmA pallava vaMza ke rAjA the| aura kaoNcI unakI rAjadhAnI thii| saMskRta loka vibhAga ke ve prazasti padya isa prakAra hai : vaizve sthite ravisute vRSabhe ca jIve / rAjottareSu sitapakSa mupetya candre / grAme ca pATalika nAmani pANarASTra, zAstra purAlikhitavAnmuni srvnndii| saMvatsaretu dvAvize kAJcIza-siha varmaNaH prazItyagrezakAbdAnAM siddhametacchata traye // 4 // tiloyapaNNattI meM 'loka vibhAgAiriyA' vAkya ke sAtha sarvanandI ke abhimata kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| AcArya yativRSabha yaha Arya maMca ke ziSya aura nAgahasti kSamAzramaNa ke antevAsI the / ' ukta donoM prAcAryoM ko kasAya pAhuDa kI gAthA AcArya paramparA se prAtI huI prApta huI thiiN| aura jinakA unheM acchA parijJAna thaa| yativRSabha ne ukta donoM gurupoM ke samIpa guNadharAcArya ke kasAya pAhaDa sUta ko una gAthAoM kA adhyayana kiyA, aura vaha unake rahasya se paricita ho gayA thaa| ataeva usane una sUtra gAthAoM kA samyaka artha avadhAraNa karake una para sarvaprathama chaha hajAra caNi-sUtroM kI racanA ko / prAcArya vIrasena ne unheM 'vRti sUtra' kA kartA batalAyA hai| aura una se vara bhI cAhA hai| jinakI racanA saMkSipta ho aura jinameM sUtra ke samasta arthoM kA saMgraha kiyA gayA ho, sUtroM ke aise vivaraNa ko vRtti sUtra kahate haiN| cUNi-sUtroM ke adhyayana karane se jahAM AcArya yati vRSabha ke agAdha pANDitya aura vizAla Agama jJAna kA kA patA calatA hai| vahAM unakI spaSTavAditA kA bhI bodha hotA hai| cAritra moha kSapaNA adhikAra meM kSapaka kI prarUpaNA karate hue yava madhya kI prarUpaNA karanA Avazyaka thaa| para vahAM yava madhya prarUpaNA karane kA unheM dhyAna nahIM rahA, kintu prakaraNa kI samApti para carNikAra likhate haiM-"jaba majjhaM kAyavvaM, vistaridaM lihidU (sa. 976, p0840)| yahAM para yava madhya kI prarUpaNA karanA cAhie thii| kintu pahale kSapaNa-prAyogya prarUpaNA ke avasara meM hama likhanA bhUla gae / yaha prAcArya yati vRSabha kI spaSTavAditA aura vItarAga vRtti kA nirdezana hai| - -- 1. jo ajja maMkha mImo aMtavAgI vi raNAgahatyissa / jaya dha0 pu0 1 104 2. pugo tAyo ceva mutta gAhAo Aigyi paraMparAga pAgacchamAraNIo ajjamakhU NAgahatthINaM pttaao| puraNo tesi doNhaM pipAda bhUne asIdisada gAhANaM guNaharamuhaka malaviNiggayANamatthaM sammaM soUNa jayivasahabhaDAraeNa pavayaraNavacchaleNa cuNi suttaM kayaM |'-(jy0 pu01 pR088) 3. "pArve tayorDayogpyadhItya sUtrANi tAni yativRSabhaH / yativRSabhanAmadheyo babhUvazAstrArthanipuNamatiH / / tena tato yatipatinA tada gAthA vRtti sUtrarUpeNa / racitAni SaT sahavagranthAnyathacUgigasUtrANi / " -indranandi zrutAvatAra-155, 156 4. 'mo vitti sutta kattA jaivamahA meM baraM deU // ' -(jaya0 dha0 pu01 pR0 4) 5. suttampeva vivaraNAe savitta sadarayaNAe saMgahiya muttAse satthAe vitti suttavavaesAdo / / jayadhavalA a0 50 52

Page #158
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa bhAga - 2 jaya dhavalAkAra prAcArya yativRSabha ke vacanoM ko rAga-dveSa-moha kA abhAva hone se pramANa mAnate haiM / yati vRSabha kI vItarAgatA aura unake vacanoM ke bhagavAna mahAvIra kI divyadhvani ke sAtha ekarasatA ' batalAne se yaha spaSTa hai ki prAcArya paramparA meM yativRSabha ke vyaktitva ke prati kitanA samAdara aura mahAna pratiSThA kA bodha hotA hai| 124 AcArya yati vRSabha vizeSAvazyaka ke kartA jinabhadra gaNi kSamAzramaNa aura pUjyapAda se pUrvavartI hai / kyoM ki unhoMne yativRSabha ke prAdesakasAya viSayaka mata kA ullekha kiyA hai| cUrNi sUtrakAra ne likhA hai ki- 'Adesa kasANa jahA citta kamme lihido koho rUsido tivalida NiDAlo bhiuDi kAUNa / ' yaha kasAya pAhuDa ke pejjadosa vittI nAmaka prathama adhikAra kA 56vA~ sUtra hai / isameM batAyA hai ki krodha ke kAraNa jisakI bhRkuTi car3hI huI hai aura lalATa para tIna valI par3I huI haiM, aise krodhI manuSya kA citra meM likhita prakAra AdezakaSAya hai / kintu vizeSAvazyaka bhASyakAra kahate haiM ki antaraMga meM kaSAya kA udaya na hone para bhI nATaka Adi meM kevala abhinaya ke liye jo kRtrima krodha prakaTa karate hue krodhI puruSa kA svAMga dhAraNa kiyA jAtA hai, vaha Adeza kaSAya hai / isa taraha se pradeza kaSAya kA svarUpa batalAte hue bhASyakAra kasAya pAhuDacUrNi meM nirdiSTa svarUpa kA 'keI' zabda dvArA ullekha karate haiM prAso kasAno kaiyava kaya bhiuDi bhaMgurAkAro / keI cittA gaizro ThavaNA NatthaMtaro so'yaM // 2681 isameM batAyA hai ki - kitane hI prAcArya krodhI ke citrAdi gata AkAra ko pradezakaSAya kahate haiM, parantu yaha sthApanA kaSAya se bhinna nahIM hai, isaliye nATakAdi nakalI krodhI ke svAMga ko hI AdezakaSAya mAnanA cAhiye / zrAcArya yativRSabha kA pUjyapAda (devanandI) se pUrvavartitva hone kA kAraNa yaha hai ki pUjyapAda ne sarvArthasiddhi meM eka mata vizeSa kA ullekha kiyA hai| 'zrathavA eSAM mate sAsAdana ekendriyeSu notpadyate tanmatApekSayA dvAdazabhAgA na dattA / ' ( sarvA0 si0 1 pR0 37, pAda TippaNa ) jina AcAryoM ke mata se sAsAdana guNa sthAnavartI jIva ekendriyoM meM utpanna nahIM hotA hai, unake mata kI apekSA vAraha veda caudaha bhAga sparzana kSetra nahIM kahA gayA hai| sAsAdana guNa sthAnavartI jIva yadi maraNa karatA hai to vaha ekendriyoM meM utpanna nahIM hotA, kintu niyama se deva hotA hai jaisA ki yativRSabha ke nimna cUrNisUtra se spaSTa hai : zrAsANaM puNa gado jadi maradi, Na sakko NirayargadaM tirikkhargAda maNusagadi vA gaMtu / NiyamA deva gadi gacchadi / (kasA0 adhi0 14 sUtra 144 pR0 727 ) AcArya yativRSabha ke isa mata kA ullekha nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI ne apane labdhisAra-kSapaNAsAra kI nimna gAthA meM kiyA hai : : jadi maradi sAsaNo so Niraya-tirikkhaM paraM Na gacchedi / NiyamA devaM gacchadi jaivasaha muNidavayaNeNaM // isa kathana se spaSTa hai ki yativRSabha pUjyapAda ke pUrvavartI haiN| pUjyapAda ke ziSya vajranandine vi0 saM0 526 meM draviDa saMgha kI sthApanA kI thI / ataH yativRSabha kA samaya 526 se pUrvavartI hai / arthAt ve 5vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna hai / 1. edamhAdo viulagirimatthayatthaM vaDDhamANa divAyarAdo viNiggamiya godamalohajjajambumAmiyAdiAiriyaparaMparAe prAgaMtU guNaharAiriyaM pAviya gAhAsarUveNa pariNamiya ajjamaMkhU nAgahatthIhiMto jAvasaha muha Nimiya cuNNimuttAyAreNa pariNadadivvaNi kiraNAdo Navvade / - jaya dhava0 bhA0 1 prastA0 Ti0 pR0 46

Page #159
pAMcavIM zatAbdI se AThavIM zatAbdI taka ke AcArya 125 yativRSabha kI dUsarI racanA 'tiloyapaNNatto' hai| isake anta meM do gAthAeM nimna prakAra pAI jAtI hai| jinavara-vRSabha ko, guNoM meM zreSTha gaNadhara-vRSabha ko, tathA pariSahoM ko sahana karane vAle aura dharmasUtroM ke pAThakoM meM zreSTha aise yativRSabha ko namaskAra kro| caNisvarUpa aura paTkaraNasva rUpa kA jitanA pramANa hai trilokaprajJapti kA utanA hI, ATha hajAra zloka pramANa hai| paNamaha jiNavara vasahaM gaNahara vasaha taheva guNahara vasaha / dahaNa parisavasahaM jadivasahaM dhammasutta pADhara basaha / / cuNi sarUvattha karaNa sarUva pamANa hoi ki jatta / praTrasahasma pamANa tiloyapaNNAMttaNAmAe // 81 isase spaSTa hai ki tiloyapaNNatti ke kartA aura cUNi sUtroM ke kartA prastuta yativRpabha hI hai| jinakA ullekha indranandi ne kiyA hai| tiloyapaNNatti eka mahatvapUrNa grantha hai, usameM mahAvIra ke bAda ke itihAsa kI bahuta so sAmagrI do huI hai jo kAla gaNanA (zruta paramparA-rAjavaza gaNanA) dI hai vaha prAmANika hai / use yahA saMkSepa meM diyA jAtA hai, pazcAdvartI granthakAroM ne usakA anusaraNa kiyA hai| ___ jisa dina bhagavAna mahAvIra kA nirvANa (mokSa) huaA, umo dina gautama gaNadhara ko kevalajJAna huA, mora unake siddha hone para sudharmasvAmI kevalo hue| unake mukta hone para jabUsvAmI kaMvalo hue| jaMbUsvAmA kaM mokSa jAne ke bAda koI anubaddha kevalI nahI huaaa| inakA dharmapravartana kAla 62 varSa hai| kevalajJAniyoM meM atima zrIdhara hae, jo kuNDalagiri me mukta haae| aora cAraNa RpiyoM meM antima sUpAvacandra he| prajJAzramaNoM meM antima vairajasa yA vajrayaza, aura avadhijJAniyoM meM antima zrI nAmaka RSi aura mukuTadhara rAjAoM meM antima candragupta ne jina dIkSA lii| isake bAda koI mukuTadhara rAjA ne dIkSA grahaNa nahIM kii| nandi (viSNu nandi) nandimitra, aparAjita, govarddhana aura bhadrabAhu ye pAca caudaha pUrvI aura bAraha aMgoM ke dhAraNa karane vAle hue| inakA samaya sau varpa hai| inake vAda ora kAI zruta kevalo nahIM huaa| vizAkha, proSThila, kSatriya, jaya, nAga, siddhArtha, dhRtimena, vijaya, buddhilla, gaMgadeva aura sudharma (dharmasena) ye gyAraha aMga aura daza pUrva ke dhArI hue| paramparA se prApta ina sabakA kAla 183 varSa hai| nakSatra, jayapAla, pANDu, dhra vasena, prora kasa ye pAMca prAcAyaM gyAraha aga ke dhArI hue, inakA kAla 220 varSa hotA hai / inake bAda bharata kSetra meM koI agoM kA dhAraka nahI hmaa| subhadra, yazobhadra, yazobAhu aura lohArya ye prAcArAga ke dhAraka hue| inake atirikta zeSa gyAraha aga caudaha pUrva ke eka deza dhAraka the| inake pazcAt bharata kSetra meM kAI prAcArAMgadhArI nahIM humaa| rAjyakAla gaNanA kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| yadyapi vartamAna tiloyapaNNattI meM kucha praza prakSipta hai| jisake liye usakI prAcIna pratiyoM kA anveSaNa Avazyaka hai| phira bhI upalabdha saskaraNa kI pTi kAla 5vIM zatAbdI kA mAnane meM koI hAni nahIM hai| viSaya varNana ko daSTi se grantha atyanta upayogI h| yativaSabha ke sAmane kitanA hI prAcIna sAhitya rahA hai, jo aba anupalabdha hai| siddhanandI yaha mUlasaMgha kanakopala saMbhUta vRkSa mUlaguNAnvaya ke vidvAn the| jaisA ki zilAlekha ke nimna padya se prakaTa hai : kanakopalasambhUta vRkSamUlaguNAnvaye / bhUtassa samagra rAddhAntaH siddhinandi munIzvaraH / /

Page #160
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 inake prathama ziSya kA nAma cikArya thA / jinake nAgadeva aura jinanandi Adi pAMca sau 500 ziSya the / pulakezI ( prathama ) cAlukya ke sAmanta sAmiyAra the, jo kuhaNDI jile kA zAsaka thA, usane alaktaka nagara meM, jo usa jile ke 700 sAta sau gAMvoM ke samUhoM meM eka pradhAna nagara thA, eka jina mandira banavAyA, aura rAjA kI AjJA lekara vibhava saMvatsara meM jabaki zaka varSa 411 (vi0 saM0 546) vyatIta ho cukA thA vaizAkha mahIne kI pUrNimA ke dina candra grahaNa ke avasara para kucha jamIna aura gAMva pradAna kiye / siddhinandi kA ullekha zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa ke sUtra pATha meM milatA hai / isase yaha yApanIya sampradAya ke vidvAna jAna par3ate hai / 126 pulakezI prathama ke zaka saM0 411 ke dAnapAtra meM siddhinandi kA ullekha hai / " prataeva inakA samaya zaka saM0 411 san 488 tathA vikrama saM0 546 hai / citakAcArya / yaha mUla saMgha kanakopalAmnAya ke vidvAna prAcArya siddhanandi munIzvara ke prathama ziSya the| yaha ukta AmnAya meM bahuta prasiddha the| aura nAgadeva citakAcArya dvArA dIkSita the / arthAt nitakAcArya unake dIkSA guru the 1 nAgadeva ke guru jinanandi the jaisA ki altama zilAlekha ke nimna padyoM se jAnA jAtA hai :tasyAsIt prathama ziSyo devatAvinutakramaH / ziSyaiH paJcazataM yuktazcitakAcAryadIkSitaH // nAgadeva gurorizaSyaH prabhUtaguNavAridhiH / samastazAstra sambodhI jinanandi prakIrtitaH // (jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 2 pR0 77 ) siddhinandi munirAja kA samaya IsA kI 5vIM sadI 488 I0 hai / ataH citakAcArya kA samaya bhI IsA kI pAMcavIM aura vikrama kI chaThI zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha honA cAhie / vajUnandi nandi- devanandi ( pUjyapAda) ke ziSya the| bar3e vidvAna the| inhoMne darzanasAra ke anusAra maM0 526 meM dravir3a saMgha kI sthApanA kI thii| devamena ne darzanasAra meM unheM jainAbhAsa batalAyA hai aura likhA hai ki--" usane svata, vasati ( jaina mandira) aura vANijya me jIvikA nirvAha karate hue aura zItala jala se snAna karate pracura pApa kA saMgraha kiyA / "2 kachAra, hue mallipeNa prazasti meM vajranandi ke 'navastotra' nAmaka grantha kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai, jisameM sAre grahatpravacana ko antarbhukta kiyA gayA hai aura jisakI racanA zailI bahuta sundara hai : 1. dekho, iM0 e0 ji0 7 pRSTha0 205 17 tathA jaina lekha saMgraha bhAga 2 altema kA lekha naM0 106 pR0 85 2. siripujjapAda mImo dAviDamaMghassa kArago duTTho / NAmeNa vajjaNadI pAhuDavedI mahAsatto // paMcamaye chavIme vikkamarAyamsa maraNa pattassa / dakoiNa maharA - jAdo dAviDa sagho mahAmoho || darzanamAra arthAta vikrama rAjA ke 526 varSa bItane para drAviDa sagha kI sthApanA kI /

Page #161
pAMcavIM zatAbdI me AThavIM zatAbdI taka ke AcArya 127 navastotraM tatra prasarati kavIndrAH kathamapi pramANaM vajrAdau racayata parannidini munI navastotra yena vyaraci sakalAhatapravacana prapaMcAntarbhAva pravaNavara sandarbha subhagam // 11 // punnATa saMghI jinasena ne harivaMza purANa meM vajrasUri kI stuti karate hue likhA hai vajrasUre vicAraNyaH sahetvorbandhamokSayoH / pramANaM dharmazAstrANaM prvktRnnaamivoktyH||3|| arthAt vajrasUri ko sahetuka bandha-mokSa kI vicAraNA meM dharmazAstroM ke pravaktAoM kI---gaNadharadevoM kI uktiyoM ke samAna pramANabhUta hai| isase spaSTa hai ki unake kisI aise grantha kI prora saMketa hai jisameM bandha mokSa unake kAraNa rAga-dveSa tathA samyagdarzana jJAna cAritrAdi kI carcA hai / mahAkavi dhavala ne bhI apane harivaMza parANa meM likhA hai ki bajjasUri supasiddhau muNivaru, jeNa pamANagaMthu kiu caMgau / vajrasUri nAma ke suprasiddha munivara hue jinhoMne sundara pramANa grantha bn.yaa| vajranandI aura vajramUri donoM vidvAna yadi eka haiM to navastotra ke atirikta unakA koI pramANa grantha bhI hogaa| jinamena to unheM gaNaghara devoM ke samAna prAmANika mAnate haiN| aura devasena ne unheM jainAbhAsa batalAyA hai|' nAgasena guru nAgasena guru-RSabhasena ke ziSya the| jinhoMne sanyAsa vidhi se zravaNa belagola ke candragiri parvata para deha tyAga kiyA thaa| jisakA zravaNa belagola ke zilAlekha naM0 24 (34) meM ullekha hai| aura usameM mahatva ke sAta vizeSaNoM ke sAtha unakI stuti ko liye hue nimna zloka diyA huA hai : nAgasenamanaghaM guNAdhikaM nAga nAmakajitAri maMDalaM / rAjyapUjyamamalazriyAspadaM kAmadaM hatamadaM namayAmyahaM / isa zilAlekha kA samaya zaka saM0622 (vi0 saM0 757) san 700 ke lagabhaga anumAna kiyA gayA hai, parantu usakA koI AdhAra nahIM diyaa| svAmI kumAra svAmI kumAra ne apanA koI paricaya prastuta nahIM kiyaa| kintu kArtikeyAnuprekSA kI antima 486 naM0 kI gAthA meM vasU pUjyasUta-vAsu pUjya, malli aura anta ke tIna nemi, pAzvaM praura varddhamAna aise pA~ca kamAra zramaNa tIrthakaroM kI vandanA kI gaI hai| jinhoMne kUmArAvasthA meM hI jina dIkSA lekara tapazcaraNa kiyA hai aura jo tIna loka ke pradhAna svAmI hai| isase yaha bAta nizcita hotI hai ki prastuta granthAkAra kumAra zramaNa the, bAla brahmacArI the / aura unhoMne bAlyAvasthA meM hI jina dIkSA lekara tapazcaraNa kiyA hai| isI se unhoMne apane ko vizeSa rUpa meM iSTa pAMca kUmAra tIrthakaroM kI stuti kI hai| svAmi-zabda kA vyavahAra dakSiNa deza meM adhika pracalita hai aura vaha vyakti vizeSoM ke sAtha unakI pratiSThA kA dyotaka hotA hai| kumArasena kumAra nandI aura kumAra svAmI jaise nAmadhArI AcArya dakSiNa deza meM hue 1. dekho, darzanasAra gAthA 27

Page #162
128 jaina dharma kA pracIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 haiM / dakSiNa deza meM prAcIna samaya se kSetrapAla kI pUjA kA pracAra rahA hai| kArtikeyAnuprekSA ko gAthA naM0 25 meM 'kSetrapAla' kA spaSTa nAmollekha hai aura ugake viSaya meM phailI haI rakSA sambandho mithyA dhAraNA kA pratiSedha kiyA hai| isase lagatA hai ki granthakAra kumAra svAmI dakSiNa deza ke vidvAna the| DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhye kA yaha anumAna sahI pratIta hotA hai| prastuta grantha meM 486 gAthAoM meM dvAdaza bhAvanAoM kA mUndara vivecana kiyA gayA hai| bhAvanAoM kA krama gaddhapicchAcArya ke tattvArtha sUtrAnusAra hI hai| jaisA ki donoM ke uddharaNa ge spaSTa hai : praddhavamasaraNamegatramaNNa-saMsAra-logamasucittaM / pAsava-savara-Nijjara-dhammaM vohi ca citejjo|| -vArasa aNuvekkhA anityA'zaraNa - sasArakatvA'nyatvA'zucyA''srava-saMvara-nirjarA-loka-bodhidurlabha-dharmasyAkhyAtattvAnucintana mnuprekssaaH| - tattvArtha sUtra 6-7 praddhava prasaraNa bhaNiyA saMsArAmegaNNa masUittaM / Asava-saMvaraNAmA Nijjara loyANa pehaamro|| bhAvanAyoM kA yaha ma-bhUlAcAra, bhagavatI ArAdhanA aura vArama aNavekmA meM eka hI krama pAyA jAtA hai / java ki tattvArtha mUtra aura kAtike yAnu prekSA kA krama unase bhinna eka rUpa hai| dUsare bhAvanAoM ke varNana ke sAtha zrAvakAcAra kA bhI sUndara varNana kiyA hai| isase svAmI kUmAra umAsvAti (gadrapicchacArya) ke bAda ke vidvAna hone caahiye| iya jANiUNa bhAvaha dallaha-dhammANa bhaavnnaa| NiccaM maNa-vayaNa-kAya-suddhI edA dasa doya bhaNiyA hai| joindu joinda (yogIndra deva)-yaha adhyAtmavAdI kavi the| unakI kRtiyoM meM AtmAnubhUti kA rasa hai| yaha apabhraza bhASA ke vidvAna the| joindu kA saMskRta rUpAntara galata rUpa meM yogIndra pracalita haiN| kintu yogasAra meM 'jogicandra' nAma kA ullekha hai : saMsAraha bhaya-bhIyaeNa, jogicanda muNieNa / prappA saMbohaNakayA dohA ikka-maNeNa // 10 // DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhye ke anusAra 'yogendu' pATha hai, jo yogicandra kA samAnArthaka hai / yaha adhyAtma rasa ke rasajJa the| prAkRta-saMskRta ke vidvAna na hote hue bhI unakI racanA sarala apabhraMza meM hai| joindu kI nimna racanAya upalabdha hai| paramAtmaprakAza, yogasAra, nijAtmASTaka aura amRtAzIti / ye sabhI racanAye adhyAtmavAda ke gUr3ha rahasya se yukta haiN| paramAtma prakAza-isa grantha meM TIkAkAra brahmadeva ke anusAra 345 padya haiN| do adhikAra haiM, unameM pAMca prAkRta gAthAeM, eka sragdharA, eka mAlinI, aura eka catuppadikA hai| yadyapi paramAtmaprakAza meM dohe kA koI ullekha nahI hai| kintu yogasAra meM dohA zabda kA ullekha milatA hai / dohe meM donoM paktiyA~ samAna hotI haiM aura pratyeka paMkti meM do caraNa hote haiN| prathama caraNa meM 13 aura dUsare meM 11 mAtrAyeM hotI haiN| virahAMka aura hemacandra ke anusAra dohe meM 14 aura 12 mAtrAeM hotI haiM; kintu paramAtma prakAza ke dohoM ma dIrgha uccAraNa karane para bhI prathama caraNa meM 13 mAtrAeM pAI jAtI haiM aura dUsare meM gyAraha / grantha ke prathama adhikAra meM paMca parameSThiyoM ko namaskAra karane ke bAda prAtmA ke tIna bhedoM kA.-bahi 1. do pAyA bhaNNaDa dunihaDa, vighA~ka

Page #163
pAMcavI zatAbdI se AThavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya 126 rAtmA, antarAtmA aura paramAtmA kA svarUpa batalAyA gayA hai| prAtmA ke vidya kI yaha carcA prAcArya kUndakUnda ke granthoM, aura pUjyapAda devanandI ke granthoM se lI gaI hai| aura unakA vistRta svarUpa bhI diyA hai| bahirAtmA avasthA ko chor3a kara antarAtmA hokara paramAtmA hone kI preraNA kI hai| paramAtmA ke sakala-vikala bhedoM kA svarUpa 34 dohoM meM diyA gayA hai| jIva ke svazarIra pramANa hone kI carcA, dravya-guNa, paryAya, karma, nizcaya naya samyaktva aura mithyAtvAdi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| dUsare adhikAra meM mokSa kA svarUpa mokSa kA phala, mokSa mArga, abheda ratnatraya, samabhAva puNya-pApa kI samAnatA aura parama samAdhi kA kathana diyA huA hai| paramAtma prakAza ke dohA atyanta sundara, ramaNIya aura zuddha svarUpa ke nirUpaka haiM, unake par3hane meM mana rama jAtA hai, kyoMki ve sarasa aura bhAvapUrNa haiN| rahasyavAda-muni jogacanda ne AdhyAtmika gUr3havAda aura naitika upadezoM ko sahaja DhaMga meM vyakta kiyA hai| unhoMne apane padyoM meM yogiyoM ko aneka bAra sambodhita kiyA hai, aura gRha nivAsa ko pApa nivAsa bhI batalAyA hai| paramAtma prakAza ke dohoM meM gUr3ha vAdiyoM ke sadaza kahIM aspaSTatA kA prAbhAsa nahIM hotaa| unhoMne paMcendriyoM ko jItane aura viSayoM se parAGga mukha rahane, athavA unakA tyAga kara Atma-sAdhanA karane kA spaSTa saMketa kiyA hai| mAnava deha pAkara jinhoMne jIvana ko viSaya-kaSAyoM meM lagAyA, aura kAma-kodhAdi vibhAva bhAvoM kA parityAga na kara, vItarAga parama Ananda rUpa amRta pAkara bhI anazanAdi tapa kA anuSThAna nahIM kiyA, ve prAtmaghAtI haiM, kyoMki dhyAna kI gati mahA viSama hai| cittarUpI bandara ke caMcala hone se zuddhAtmA meM sthiratA prApta nahIM ho sakatI, aura dhyAna kI sthiratA ke abhAva meM to karma kalaMka kA vinAza nahIM hotaa| taba zuddhAtmA kI prApti kaise ho sakatI hai ? yogIndra deva jaina gUDhavAdI haiM, unakI vizAla dRSTi ne grantha meM vizAlatA lA dI hai, ataeva unakA kathana sAmpradAyika vyAmoha se alipta hai| unameM bauddhika sahana-zIlatA kama nahIM hai| vedAnta meM AtmA ko sarvagata mAnA hai, aura mImAMsaka muktAvasthA meM jJAna nahIM mAnate / bauddhoM kA kahanA hai ki vahAM zUnya ke atirikta aura kucha nahIM hai| yogIndra deva ina matabhedoM se pAkulita nahIM hote| kyoMki unhoMne adhyAtma ke prakAza meM nayoM kI sahAyatA se zAMkika jAla kA bhedana kiyA hai aura paramAtmasvarUpa kI nizcita rUpa-rekhA svIkRta kI hai, vaha maulika hai| ve paramAtmA ko jina, brahma, zAnta, ziva aura buddha Adi saMjJAyeM dete haiM / unhoMne paramAtmasvarUpa ke prakAzita karane kA yatheSTa udyama kiyA hai| aura anta meM mokSa aura mokSa kA phala batalAyA hai| vastu ke svarUpa varNana meM unakI dRSTi vimala rahI hai| unake do cAra dohoM kA bhI prAsvAda kIjiye, ve sundara bhAvapUrNa aura sarasa haiM / jo samabhAva-pariTThiyahaM jo ihaM koI purei / paramANaMdu jaNaMtu phuDa so paramappu haveI // 1-35 jo yogI samabhAva meM jIvana-maraNa-lAbha-alAbha sukha-dukha, zatra aura mitrAdi meM samarUpa pariNata hai, aura parama Ananda ko prakaTa karatA hai vahI paramAtmA hai| bhavataNu-bhoya-viratta-maNu jo appA jhAeha / tAsu gurukkI vellar3I saMsAriNI tujhe i||1--32 jo jIva saMsAra, zarIra, bhogoM se virakta mana huA zuddhAtmA kA cintavana karatA hai usako saMsAra rUpI moTI bela nAza ko prApta ho jAtI hai| kamma-Nibaddha vi joiyA deha vasaMtu vi joji| hoi Na sayalu kayA vi phuDa muNi paramappau so ji // 1-36 / / he yogI ! yadyapi prAtmA karmoM se sambaddha hai, aura deha meM rahatA bhI hai parantu phira bhI vaha kabhI deha rUpa nahIM hotA, usI ko tU paramAtmA jAna /

Page #164
130 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 deha - vibhiSNau NANamau jo paramappu thie / parama samAdhi - pariTTiyau paMDiu so ji havei // 1 - 14 // jo puruSa paramAtmA ko deha se bhinna jJAnamaya jAnatA hai, vahI samAdhi meM sthita huA paMDita hai - prantarAtmA vivekI hai ! jit Na iMdiya- suha-duhai~ jitthu Na maNa-vAvAru | so appA muNi jIva tuhu~ jhaNNa pari zravahAru // 1 - 28 // jisa zuddha Atma-svabhAva meM indriya janita sukha-dukha nahIM haiM, aura jisameM saMkalpa - vikalpa rUpa mana kA vyApAra nahIM hai, hai jIva ! use tU AtmA mAna, aura anya vibhAvoM kA parityAga kara / isa taraha paramAtma prakAza ke sabhI dohA Atma svarUpa ke sambodhaka tathA paramAtmA svarUpa ke nirdezaka haiM / inake manana aura cintana se AtmA Ananda ko prApta hotA hai / yogasAra - meM 108 dohA haiM jinameM adhyAtma dRSTi se AtmasvarUpa kA sundara vivecana kiyA gayA hai| dohA sarasa aura sarala haiM / aura vastu svarUpa ke nirdezaka haiN| yathA prAu galai gavi maNa, galai gavi sAhu galei / moha phurai navi prapyahiu ima saMsAra bhamei // 49 yugala jAtI hai, para mana nahI galatA aura na AzA hI galatI, moha sphurita hotA hai, para zrAtmahita kA sphuraNa nahIM hotA - isa taraha jIva saMsAra meM bhramaNa kiyA karatA hai / dhaMdha paDiyau samalu jagi navi zrappA hu muNaMti / tahi kAraNa e jIva phuDu Nahu nivvANa lahaMti // 5 saMsAra ke sabhI jIva dhaMdhe meM phaMse hue haiM, isa kAraNa ve apanI prAtmA ko nahIM pahicAnate / zrataeva ve nirvANa ko nahIM pA sakate / isa taraha yogasAra grantha bhI Atma sambodhaka hai| isakA adhyayana karane se AtmA apane svarUpa kI ora sanmukha ho jAtA hai / amRtAzIti - yaha eka upadeza prada racanA / isameM vibhinna chandoM ke 82 padya haiN| unameM jaina dharma ke aneka viSayoM kI carcA kI gaI hai / yathApi padmaprabhamaladhAri deva ne niyamasAra kI TIkA meM yogIndradeva ke nAma se jo padya uddhRta kiyA hai, vaha amRtAzIti meM nahIM miltaa| ataeva paM0 nAthUrAma jI premI kA anumAna hai ki vaha padya unake adhyAtmasandoha grantha kA hogA / nijAtmASTaka - yaha mATha padyAtmaka eka stotra hai| isakI bhASA prAkRta hai jinameM siddha parameSThI kA svarUpa batalAyA gayA hai / para kisI bhI padya meM racayitA kA nAma nahIM hai| aisI sthiti meM ise yogIndra deva kI racanA kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai| isa sambandha anya pramANoM kI AvazyakatA hai| isakA kahIM anyatra ullekha bhI mere avalokana meM nahIM zrAyA / sambhava hai vaha inhIM kI racanA ho, athavA anya kisI kI / yogendu kA samaya yogendu ke paramAtma prakAza para brahmadeva aura bAlacanda kI TIkAyeM upalabdha haiM / bAlacandra kI TIkA para brahmadeva kA prabhAva hai, isa kAraNa bAlacandra brahmadeva ke bAda ke vidvAna haiM / brahmadeva kA samaya vikrama kI 11vIM zatAbdI kA upAntya hai / jayasena bhI unase bAda ke vidvAna haiM, kyoMki jayasena ne unakI vaha dravya saMgraha kI TIkA kA ullekha kiyA hai / paM0 kailAzacanda jI siddhAntazAstrI rAjA bhoja ke samaya dravyasaMgraha kI TIkA kA vartamAna honA mAnate haiM, jo 12 zatAbdI kA prArambha hai / yogendu ne paramAtma prakAza meM prAcArya kundakunda aura pUjyapAda ( IsA kI 5vIM sadI) ke vicAroM ko nibaddha kiyA hai| ataeva unakA samaya IsA kI chaThI zatAbdI ho sakatA hai| DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhye ne apanI paramAtma prakAza kI prastAvanA meM joindu kA samaya IsA kI chaThI zatAbdI mAnA hai; kyoMki guNe ne caNDa ke

Page #165
pAMcavI zatAbdI se AThavI zatAbdI ke AcArya 131 vyAkaraNa ke vyavasthita rUpa kA samaya IsA kI chaThI zatAbdI ke bAda. IsA kI sAtavI zatAbdI ke lagabhaga rakhA jA sakatA hai aisA likhA hai / caNDa ke prAkRta lakSaNa meM yogendu kA eka dohA uddhRta hai kAla laheviNu joiyA jima jima mohu glei| tima tima dasaNu lahai jo Niya meM prappu munnei|| isa kAraNa yogendu kA samaya chaThI zatAbdI mAnanA upayakta hai| sambhava hai ve chaThI ke upAntya samaya aura sAtavI ke prArambha samaya ke vidvAna hoN| pAtrakesarI pAtrakesarI-eka brAhmaNa vidvAna the, jo ahicchatra' ke nivAsI the| yaha veda vedAga Adi meM atyanta nipUNa the| unake pAca so vidvAna ziSya the, jo avanipAla rAjA ke rAjya kArya meM sahAyatA karate the| unheM apane kula kA (brAhmaNatva kA) bar3A abhimAna thaa| pAtra kesarI prAtaH pIra sAyakAla sandhyA vandanAdi nitya karma karate the aura rAjya kArya ko jAte samaya kautuhala vaza vahA~ ke pArzvanAtha di0 mandira meM unakI prazAnta mudrA kA darzana karake jAyA karate the| 1. ahicchatra phisI mamA eka prAcIna aitihAsika nagara thaa| usa para aneka vazo ke rAjAo ne zAsana kigA hai| isake prAcIna itivRtta para dRSTi DAlane se isakI mahattA kA mahaja hI bhAna ho jAtA hai| yaha uttara pAMcAla kI gajadhAnI rahA hai| isakA prAcIna nAma 'sapAvatI' thA, aura vaha kuru jAgala deza kI rAjadhAnI ke rUpa meM pragir3ha thaa| jaba bhagavAna pArzvanAtha yahA~ Aye aura kimI ucca zinA padhAnAya the| usa samaya kamaTha kA jIva mavara devavimAna me kahI jA rahA thaa| usakA vimAna ikAika ruka gayA, umane nIce utara kara dekhA to pArzvanAtha digvAI paDe / unhe dekhate hI umakA pUrva bhava kA vaira smRta ho utthaa| pUrva vaira smRta hote hI usane kSamAzIla pArzvanAtha para ghora upamaga kiyA, utanI adhika varSA kI ki pAnI pArzvanAtha kI grIvA taka pahuca gayA, kintu phira bhI pArzvanAtha apane dhyAna se vicalita nahI hue| tabhI gharagendra kA Amana kampAyamAna huA aura usane avadhijJAna meM pArzvanAtha para bhayAnaka usamarga hotA jAnakara tatkAla dharagondra padmAvatI mahita Akara aura unhe Upara uThAkara unake sira para pharaNa kA chatra tAna diyaa| upamarga dUra hote hI unhe kevalajJAna prApta ho gyaa| pAcAt usa mambaradeva ne bhI unakI zaraNa meM samyakatva prApta kiyA aura apamAna sau nAstriyoM ne bhI jinadIkSA lekara Atma kalyANa kiyaa| usI samaya meM yaha sthAna ahicchatra nAma se mAta hA hai| vahA gajA vamupAla ne mahatra kUTa caityAlaya kA nirmANa karAyA thaa| aura pArzvanAtha ko eka sundara sAtizaya pratimA kI nirmANa karAyA thaa| yaha digambara jainiyo kA tIya sthAna hai| yahA kI khudAI me purAtatva kI mAmagnI bhI upalabdha huyI hai| -devo, uttara pAcAla kI rAjadhAnI ahicchatra anekAnta varSa 24 kiraNa 6 2 (ka) vipravazAgnaggI mUri pavitra: paatrkemrii| ma jIyAjjina-pAdAbja-sevanakamadhuvrataH / / -sudarzana caritra bhUbhRtpadAnuvartI san rAjasevA pagaGmukhaH / sayato'pi ca mokSArthI bhAtyamI paatrkemge| -nagaratAlukA kA zilAlekha (kha) nivAme sArasampatte deze thI magadhAbhidhe / ahicchatre jagacitra nAgara nagare vare // 18 puNyAdavanipAlAgyo gajA gaja kalAnvitaH / prAntaM gajyaM karotyucca vipraiH paJcazatavrataH // 16 viprAste veda vedAGga pAragA: kulagavitAH / kRtvA sandhyA vandanA dvaye sandhyA ca nirantaram / / 20 (ArAdhanA kathAkoSa)

Page #166
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 eka dina usa mandira meM cAritra bhUSaNa nAma ke muni bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke sanmukha 'devAgama stotra' kA pATha kara rahe the / pAtra kesarI sandhyA vandanAdi kArya sampanna kara jaba ve pArzvanAtha mandira meM pAe, taba unhoMne muni se pUchA ki Apa abhI jisa stavana kA pATha kara rahe the, kyA Apa usakA artha bhI jAnate haiM ? taba muni ne kahA maiM isakA artha nahIM jAnatA / taba pAtra kesarI ne kahA, mApa isa stotra kA eka bAra pATha kreN| munivara ne pATha punaH dhIre-dhIre par3ha kara sunaayaa| pAtra kesarI kI dhAraNA zakti bar3I vilakSaNa thii| unheM eka bAra suna kara hI stotrAdi kaMThastha ho jAyA karate the| ataH unheM devAgama stotra kaMThastha ho gyaa| ve usakA artha vicArane lge| usase pratIta huA ki bhagavAna ne jIvAdika padArthoM kA jo svarUpa kahA hai, vaha satya hai / para anumAna ke sambandha meM unheM kucha sandeha hunaa| ve ghara para soca hI rahe the ki padmAvatI devI kA pAsana kampAyamAna hayA / vaha vahAM AI aura usane pAtra kesarI se kahA ki prApako jaina dharma ke sambandha meM kucha sandeha hai / Apa isakI cintA na kre| kala prApako saba jJAta ho jaavegaa| vahA~ se padmAvatI devI pArzvanAtha ke mandira meM gaI, aura pArzvanAtha kI mUrti ke phaNa para nimna zloka aMkita kiyaa| "pranyathAnupapannatvaM yatra tatra trayeNa kim / nAnyathAnupapannatvaM yatra tatra trayeNa kim / prAtaH kAla jaba pAtra kesarI ne pArzvanAtha mandira meM praveza kiyA taba vahA~ unheM phaNa para prakita vaha zloka dikhAI diyaa| unhoMne use par3ha kara usa para gaharA vicAra kiyA, usI samaya unako zaMkA nivRtta ho gii| aura saMsAra ke padArthoM se unakI udAsInatA bar3ha gii| unhoMne vicAra kiyA ki prAtmahita kA sAdhana vItarAga madrA se hI ho sakatA hai| aura vahI prAtmA kA saccA svarUpa hai| jainadharma meM pAtra kesarI kI prAsthA atyadhika ho gii| aura unhoMne digambara mudrA dhAraNa kara lii| prAtma-sAdhanA karate hue unhoMne vibhinna dezoM meM vihAra kiyA aura jainadharma kI prabhAvanA kii| pAtrakesarI darzana zAstra ke pror3ha vidvAna the| unako do kRtiyoM kA ullekha milatA hai| unameM pahalA grantha 'trilakSaNa kadarthana' hai / jise unhoMne bauddhAcArya diGganAga dvArA prasthApita anumAna-viSayaka hetu ke rUpyAtmaka lakSaNa kA khaNDana karane ke lie banAyA thA, isase hetu ke traimapya kA nirasana ho jAtA hai| hetU pakSa meM ho yA sapakSa meM ho aura vipakSa meM na ho, ye tIna lakSaNa bauddhoM ne mAne the / inake sthAna meM 'anyathAnupapannatva'-kI dUsare kisI prakAra se upapatti na honA-yaha eka hI lakSaNa prAcArya ne sthira kiyaa| isakI mukhyakArikA unheM padmAvatI devA se prApta huI thI aisI mAkhyAyikA hai / boddhAcArya zAntarakSita ne tattva saMgraha (1364-76) meM isa kArikA ke sAtha kucha anyakArikAyeM bhI pAtrasvAmI ke nAma se uddhata kI haiN| kintu mUlagraMtha 'trilakSaNakadarthana isa samaya anupalabdha hai| para yaha grantha bauddha vidvAna zAntirakSita aura kamalazIla ke samaya upalabdha thaa| aura akalaMka devAdi ke samaya bhI rahA thA / tattva saMgrahakAra zAntirakSita ne pRSTha 404 meM khaNDana karane kA prayatna kiyA hai| pAtrakesarI ne ukta 'trilakSaNakadarthana' meM hetu ke rUpya kA yukti purassara khaNDana kiyA thA isa kAraNa yaha graMtha eka mahattvapUrNa kRti thaa| ApakI dUsarI kRti 50 zlokoM ko lie hue eka bahuta choTI-sI racanA hai, jisakA nAma 'jinendra guNa saMstuti' hai, aura jisakA apara nAma pAtrakesarI stotra prasiddha hai| jo stuti grantha hote hue bhI eka mahattvapUrNa kRti hai| isameM veda kA puruSa kRta honA, jIva kA punarjanma, sarvajJa kA astitva, jIva kA kartRtva, kSaNikavAda nirasana, Izvara kA nirasana, mukti kA svarUpa, tathA muni kA sampUrNa aparigraha vrata ina daza pramukha viSayoM kA vivecana dArzanika dRSTi se kiyA gayA hai / aura arhanta ke guNoM ko aneka yuktiyoM se puSTa kiyA gayA hai| isa para eka ajJAta kartRka saMskRta TIkA bhI hai| isase spaSTa hai ki prAcArya pAtrakesarI apane samaya ke bahuta bar3e vidvAna the| zilAlekhoM meM samati yA sanmati deva se pahale pAtrasvAmI kA nAma prAtA hai| unakA sabase purAtana ullekha bauddhAcArya zAntirakSita kA samaya (I0705-763) hai| aura karNagomI kA samaya 7vIM zatAbdI kA uttarArdha aura 8vIM kA pUrSi hai| ataH pAtrasvAmI kA samaya bauddhAcArya dignAga (I0 425) ke bAda aura zAnti rakSita ke madhya honA caahie| prarthAta

Page #167
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa 133 pAtrasvAmI IsA kI chaThI zatAbdI ke uttarArdha aura 7vIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArgha ke vidvAna honA caahie| anantavIrya anantavIrya (ativRddha)--inakA ullekha akalaMka deva ne tattvArthavArtika pRSTha 154 meM vaikriyika aura AhAraka zarIra meM bheda batalAte hae kiyA hai,-pora batalAyA hai ki-'vaikriyika zarIra kA kvacita pratighAta bho dekhA jAtA hai| isake samarthana meM unhoMne anantavIrya yati ke dvArA indra ko zakti kA pratighAta karane kI ghaTanA kA ullekha kiyA hai(ananta vIrya yatinA cendra-vIryasya pratighAta zruteH sa pratighAta sAmarthya vaikriyikam / (tattvA0 vA0 pR0 154) sambhavataH inakA samaya chaThavI-sAtavI zatAbdI ho; kyoMki prastuta anantavIrya akalaka deva se to pUrvavartI haiM hii| akalaMka deva kA samaya paM0 mahendra kumAra jI nyAyAcArya ne siddhi-vinizcaya kI prastAvanA meM I0 720 se 780 vi0 saM0837 siddha kiyA hai| (dekho, ukta prastAvanA) mAnatuMgAcArya mAnatugAcArya-apane samaya ke suyogya vidvAna the| prabhAvaka carita meM inake sambandha meM likhA hai ki yaha kAzI deza ke nivAso pora dhanadeva ke putra the / pahale inhoMne digambara muni se dIkSA lI thI, aura inakA nAma cArukIrti mahAkIrti rakhA gayA / anantara eka zvetAmbara sampradAya ko anuyAyinI zrAvikA ne unake kamaNDala ke jala meM trasa jIva batalAye, jisase unhe digambara caryA se virakti ho gayA aura jitasiha nAmaka zvetAmbarAcArya ke nikaTa dIkSita hokara zvetAmbara sAdhu ho gae / aura usI avasthA meM bhaktAmara kI racanA kii| prAcArya prabhAcandra ne kriyAkalApa kI TIkA ke antargata bhaktAmara stotra TIkAko utthAnikA meM ti mAnataga nAbhA sitAmbaro mahAkaviH nirganthAcAryavayarapanItamahAvyAdhi pratipanna nirgrantha mArgo bhagavana ki kriyatAmitivANo bhagavatA paramAtmano guNagaNa stotra vidhIyatAmityAdiSTaH bhaktAmaretyAdi / "2 __ isameM kahA gayA hai ki-mAnatuga zvetAmbara mahAkavi the| eka digambarAcArya ne unako vyAdhi se mukta kara diyA, isase unhoMne digambara mArga grahaNa kara liyA aura pUchA-bhagavan ! aba kyA karUM ? prAcArya ne prAjJA dI ki paramAtmA ke guNoM kA stotra banAyo, phalataH AdezAnusAra bhaktAmara stotra kA praNayana kiyA gyaa| isa taraha paraspara meM virodhI AkhyAna upalabdha hote haiM / yaha virodha sampradAya vyAmoha kA hI pariNAma hai, vastutaH mAnatuga donoM hI sampradAyoM dvArA mAnya haiN| inake samaya-sambandha meM bhI do vicAra dhArAe~ pracalita haiM-bhojakAlona aura harSakAlona / kintu aitihAsika vidvAna mAnatuMga ko sthiti harSavardhana ke samaya kI mAnate haiM / DA0 e0 bI0 kotha ne mAnatuga ko vANa kavi ke samakAlIna anumAna kiyA hai| prasiddha itihAsajJa vidvAna pa0 nAthUrAma premI ne bhA mAnatuMga ko harSakAlIna mAnA hai| isa saba kathana para se bhaktAmara' stotra 7vIM zatAbdI kI racanA hai|5 1. prabhAvaka carita, sidhI jaina granthamAlA, ahamadAbAda tathA kalakattA san 1940 mAnatuga sUri caritam pR0 112-117 / 2. kriyA kalAra saM0 pannAlAla sonI di0 jaina sarasvatI bhavana jhAlarApATana, vi0 sa0 1663 bhaktAmara-stotra kI utthaanikaa| 3. e hisTrI oNpha saMskRta liTarecara, landana 1941 pR0 214-15 / 4. bhaktAmara stotra, jaina grantha ratnAkara kAryAlaya, bambaI, san 1916 pR0 12 / 5. devo, mmArikA, bhAratIya jaina mAhitya saMmada 1665 I0, mAnatuga zIrSaka DA0 nemicandra jyotiSAcArya kA nibandha /

Page #168
134 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 mAnatuMga sUri kI do racanAeM upalabdha haiN| bhaktAmarastotra aura bhayahara stotra / inameM se prathama racanA saMskRta ke vasanta tilakA chanda meM racI gaI hai / isa stotra meM usakA Adi pada 'bhaktAmara' hone se isakA yaha nAma ho gayA hai| isI taraha kalyANa mandira pora viSApahAra stotra bhI apane ukta Adi pada ke kAraNa kalyANa mandira aura viSApahAra nAmoM se khyAta haiN| bhaktAmara stotra meM 48 padya haiN| pratyeka padya meM kAvyatva rahane ke kAraNa ye 48 padya kAvya kahalAte haiN| kintu zvetAmbara sampradAya meM 44 padya hI mAne jAte haiN| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki azoka vakSa, siMhAsana, chatratraya gaura tamara ina cAra prAtihAyaryA ke bodhaka padyoM ko to grahaNa kara liyA hai| kintu pappavapTi, bhAmaNDala, dundubhi aura divyadhvani ina cAra pratihAryoM ke jJApaka padyoM ko nikAla diyA hai| kintu digambara sampradAya kI kucha pANDulipiyoM meM zvetAmbara mampradAya dvArA niSkAsita aura pratihArya sambodhaka cAra naye padya aura jor3a diye haiN| isa kAraNa padyoM kI kula saMkhyA 52 ho gaI hai| jo ThIka nahI hai| vAstava meM isa stotra meM 48 hI padya haiM, jo mudrita aura hastalikhita pANDulipiyoM meM milate haiM / digambara sampradAya meM bhaktAmara stotra ke paThana-pAThana kA khUba pracAra hai| isa stavana meM Adi brahmA AdinAtha ko stuti kI gaI hai| isIlie isakA nAma AdinAtha stotra pracalita hai| kavi apanI namratA dikhAte huye kahatA hai ki-'he prabho ! alpajJa ora bahuzru tajJa vidvAnoM dvArA haMsI kA pAtra hone para hI tumhArI bhakti hI mujhe mukhara banAtI hai| vasanta meM kokila svayaM nahIM bolanA cAhatI, pratyuta AmramaMjarI hI use balAt kRjane kA nimantraNa detI hai yathA alpa zrutaM zrutavatAM parihAsaghAma, tvadbhaktireva mukharIkurute balAnmAm / yatko philaH kila madhau madhuraM virauti taccArucUtakalikAnikaraka hetuH / / 6 prAge mAnatugAcArya kahate haiM-ki he jagata ke bhUSaNa ! he jIvoM ke nAtha ! Apake yathArtha guNoM se prApakA stavana karate haye bhakta yadi Apake samAna ho jAya to isameM koI pAzcarya nahIM hai aisA honA hI caahiye| svAmI kA yaha kartavya hai ki vaha apane sevaka ko samAna banA le| nahIM to usa svAmI se kyA lAbha hai jo apane grAzritoM ko apane vaibhava meM apane samAna nahIM banA letaa| ___ kavi apane ArAdhya deva kI jitendriyatA kA citraNa karate hue kahatA hai ki-pralayakAla kI vAyu se bar3ekoparvata calAyamAna ho jAte haiM para sumeru parvata jarA bhI calAyamAna nahIM hotaa| isI prakAra devAMganAoM ke sUndara lAvaNyako dekhakara Rpi-mUni deva-dAnava prAdi ke citta calAyamAna ho jAte haiM, para ApakA citta raMcamAtra bhI vikAra yakta nahIM hotaa| ataH Apa indriyavijayI hone se mahAna vora haiN| citraM kimatra yadi te tridazAMganAbhirnItaM manAgapi mano na vikA kalpAntakAlamarutA calitA calena ki mandarAdrizikharaMcalitaM kadAcita / / 15 kavi ArAdhya deva kA mahatva khyApita karate hae kahatA hai ki jo Apake isa stotra kA pATha karatA hai usake matta hAthI, siha, vanAgni, sA~pa, yuddha, samudra, jalodara aura baMdhana prAdi se utpanna huyA bhaya naSTa ho jAtA hai mApake bhakta ko vadha bandhana janya kaSTa nahI sahana karanA pdd'taa| bar3I se bar3I ber3iyAM ora vipattiyAM bhI naSTa ho jAtI haiN| matta dvi pendramRgarAja davAnalAhi saMgrAma vAridhi mahodara bandhanottham / tasyAzunAzamupayAti bhayaMbhiyeva yastAvakaM stavamimaM matimAnadhIte // 47 ima stotra kI racanA itanI lokapriya rahI hai ki usake pratyeka padya ke prAdya yA antima caraNa ko lekara samasyA pUAtmaka strota race jAte rahe haiM / isa stotra kI mahattA ke sambandha meM aneka kathAeM pracalita haiM / aura aneka 1. nAtyadbhutaM bhavana bhUSaNa ! bhRnanAtha ! bhRtaguNa vibhavantamabhiSTuvantaH / talyA bhavanti bhavatonanu tena ki vA, bhUtyAzritaM yadaha nAtmasamaM karoti //

Page #169
pAMcavIM zatAbdI se AThavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya 135 padyAnuvAda hindI meM race gaye haiN| saMskRta meM bhI padyAnuvAda tathA aneka TIkAeM racI gaI haiN| yaha prAcIna mahattvapUrNa stotra hai| __kalyANa mandira stotra aora bhaktAmara stotra ina donoM stotroM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana karane se kalyANa mandira kI apekSA bhaktamara stotra meM kalpanAmoM kA navInIkaraNa aura camatkArAtmaka zailI pAI jAtI hai| bhaktAmara stotra meM batalAyA hai ki-sUrya to dUra rahA, jaba usakI prabhA hI tAlAvI meM kamaloM ko vikasita kara detI hai usI prakAra he prabho ! ApakA yaha sta pake nAma kA kathana hI samasta pApoM ko dUra kara detA hai| jaisA ki usake nimna padya se spATa hai : prAstAM tavastavanamastasamastadoSa, tvatsaMkathApi jagatAM daratAni hanti dUre sahastra kiraNaH kurate, prabhava padmAkareSu jalajAni vikAsabhAji // kalyANa mandira stotra meM bIjarUpa ukta kalpanA kA vistAra pAyA jAtA hai| kavi kahatA hai ki jaba nidAgha (grISmakAla) meM kamala me yukta tAlAba kI sarasavAyU hI tIvra prAtAra se saMtapta pathikoM kI garmI se rakSA karatI hai, taba jalAzaya kI vAta hI kyA? isI taraha java ApakA nAma hI saMsAra ke tApa ko dUra kara sakatA hai taba Apake stavana kI sAmarthya kA kyA kahanA ? prAstAmacintyamahimA jinasaMstavaste nAmApi pAti bhavato bhavato jaganti / tIvAtapopahatakAnthajanAnnidAdhe prINAti padyasarasaH saraso'nilo'pi // 7 saMbhava hai kavi ne ise sAmane rakhakara kalyANa mandira kI racanA kI ho| yadi yaha kalpanA Thoka hai to kalyANa mandira isake bAda kI racanA hogii| mAnatuga kI dUsarI racanA 'bhayahara' stotra hai / jo prAkRta bhASA ke 21 padyoM meM racA gayA hai aura jisameM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kA stavana kiyA gayA hai / DA0 viNTaranitsa ne imakA samaya IsA kI tIsarI zatAbdI mAnA hai| parantu muni catura vijaya ne inakA samaya vikrama kI sAtavI sadI banalAyA hai| brahmacArI rAyamalla kRta 'bhaktAmaravRtti' meM likhA hai ki mAnatuMga ne 48 sAMkaloM ko to tor3akara jaina dharma kI prabhAvanA kii| tathA rAjA bhoja ko jaina dharma kA zraddhAlu bnaayaa| dUsarI kathA bhaTTAraka vizvabhUSaNa ke bhaktAmara carita meM hai| isameM bhoja, bhata hari, zubhracandra, kAlidAsa, dhanajaya, vararuci aura mAnatuga ko samakAlIna likhA hai| jo aitihAsika dRSTi se cintanIya hai / mAnatga ko zvetAmbara AkhyAnoM meM pahale digambara aura bAda meM zvetAmbara batalAyA hai| isI paramparA ke AdhAra para digambara lekhakAna pahale unha zvatAmbara aura bAda meM digambara likhA hai| carita bhI 14vIM zatAbdI se pUrva kA mere dekhane meM nahIM paayaa| aisI sthiti meM isa viSaya para vizepa anusandhAna kI AvazyakatA hai| jisase usakA sahI nirNaya kiyA jA ske| kyoMki stotra purAnA aura gambhIra artha kA dyotaka hai, para sAtavIM zatAbdI kA samaya 'bhayahara stotra' ke kAraNa batalAyA gayA jAna par3atA hai| 1 History of Indian Literature Vol II Po. 549 2. jaina stotra sandoha, dvitIya bhAga kI prastAvanA pR0 13 3. sakA anuvAda paM. udayalAla kAzalIlAla dvArA prakAzita ho cukA hai| 4 yaha kathA paM. nAthUrAma jI premI dvArA bambaI me 1916 meM prakAzita bhaktAmara stotra kI bhUmikA meM likhI hai

Page #170
136 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 jaTAsiMha nandI siMha nandI nAma ke aneka vidvAna ho gaye haiN| unameM ve siMhanando sabase adhika prasiddha haiN| jinakA ullekha bAda ke zilAlekhoM meM milatA hai aura jinakA karnATaka kI itihAsa paramparA ke sAtha ghaniSTa sambandha pAyA jAtA hai / jinhoMne IsA kI dUsarI zatAbdI meM gaMgavaza kI nIMva DAlane meM do pranAtha rAjakumAroM kI sahAyatA kI thii| ___ eka siMhanandi kI samAdhi kA ullekha zravaNa velagola ke zilAlekha meM utkIrNa hai, jo zaka saM0622 I. sana 700 ke lagabhaga hae haiN| para ina do siMhanandiyoM aura anya pazcAdvartI siMha nandiyoM se prastuta siMhanandI bhinna vidvAna hI jAna par3ate haiM / kyoMki unake sAtha 'jaTA' vizeSaNa lagA hone ke kAraNa ve inase bilkula jude haiM / yaha karnATaka ke AdivAsI the| para ve karnATaka meM kisa prAnta ke adhivAsI the| yaha kucha jJAta nahIM haa| prAcArya jinasena ne unakA smaraNa karate hue likhA hai ki jinakI jaTArUpa prabala yuktipUrNa vRttiyAM-TIkAyeM kAvyoM ke anucintana meM aisI zobhAyamAna hotI thIM, mAnoM hameM una kAvyoM kA artha hI batalA rahI hoN| aise ve jaTAsiMha nandI prAcArya hama logoM kI rakSA kreN|' AdipurANakAra ne unakA kevala smaraNa hI nahIM kiyA kintu unake varAMgacarita se bhI kucha sAmagrI lI hai| jisa prakAra uttama strI apane hasta-mukha pAda Adi aMgoM ke dvArA apane Apake viSaya meM anusaraNa utpanna karatI rahatI hai usI prakAra varAMgacarita kI arthapUrNa vANI bhI apane samasta chanda, alaMkAra rIti Adi aMgoM se apane Apake viSaya meM kisa manuSya ke gAr3ha anurAga ko utpanna nahIM krtii| kavi kI ekamAtra kRti varAMgacarita upalabdha hai,, kartA ne use caturvarga samanvita sarala zabda aura artha gumphita dharma kathA kahA hai| yaha eka sundara kAvya-grantha hai, grantha meM 31 sarga haiM aura zlokoM kI saMkhyA 1805 hai| (racanA prasAda guNa se yukta hai isa kAvya meM tIrthakara neminAtha tathA kRSNa ke samakAlika 'varAMganAmaka puNya puruSa kI kathA kA aMkana kiyA gayA hai| kAvya meM nagara, Rtu, utsava, krIr3A, rati, vipralambha, vivAha, janma, rAjyAbhiSeka yuddha, vijaya Adi kA varNana mahAkAvya ke samAna kiyA hai| kathA kA nAyaka dhIrodatta hai| tattva nirUpaNa aura jaina siddhAnta ke vibhinna viSayoM kA pratipAdana itanA adhika kiyA gayA hai ki usase pAThaka kA mana Uba jAtA hai| kavi ne kAvya ko sarvAga sundara banAne kA prayatna kiyA hai| rasa aura alaMkAroM kI puTa ne use atyanta sarasa banA diyA hai| kavi ne terahaveM sarga meM bIbhatsa rasa kA aura codahaveM sarga meM vIra rasa kA sundara eva sAMgopAMga varNana kiyA hai| 23veM sarga meM jina mandira aura jina bimba nirmANa, pUjA aura pratimA sthApanA, pUjA kA phala aura dAnAdi kA varNana kiyA hai| 25veM, 26ve sarga kA mukhya kathA se koI sambandha nahIM hai / kavi para azvaghoSa kI racanAoM kA prabhAva-sA dRSTigocara hotA hai| varAMgacarita meM dakSiNa bhArata kI sAmAjika aura rAjanItika paristhiti kA acchA citraNa kiyA gayA hai| aura janetara devI-devatAoM, vedoM ke yAjJika dharma kI aura purohitoM ke vidhi vidhAna kI khuba khabara lI hai| rAjAoM para unakA krodha kucha prabhAva aMkita nahIM krtaa| jaina maMdiroM, mUrtiyoM aura jaina mahotsavoM kA bhI acchA citraNa kiyA hai| isa kAvya meM vasantatilakA, puSpita grA, praharSiNI, mAlinI, bhujaMgaprayAta, vaMzastha, anuSTupa, mAla 1. kAvyAnucintane yasya jaTAH prabalavRttayaH / arthAt ramAnuvadantIya jaTAcAryaH sa no'vadAt / / (Adi pu0 1-50) 2. varAMgaNeva sarvAGgarvagaGga caritArthavAka / kasyanotpAdayeda gADhamanurAga svagocaram // harivaMzapurANa 1-35 3. kAvyake pratyeka sarga kI puSpikA-iti dharma kathoddeze caturvarga samanvite, sphuTa zabdArtha saMdarbha varAMga critaashrite|

Page #171
pAMcavIM zatAbdI se AThavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya 137 bhAriNI, aura dra tavilambita Adi chandoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| kavi ko upajAti chanda adhika priya rahA hai| isa kAvya ke prArambhika tIna sarga bahata hI sarama haiN| racanA sthala aura racanA kAla nijAma sTeTa kA koppala grAma jise kopaNa bhI kahA jAtA hai, jaina saMskRti kA kendra thaa| madhyakAlIna bhArata ke jainoM meM isakI acchI khyAti thii| aura Aja bhI yaha sthAna purAtattvavidoM kA snehabhAjana banA hayA hai| isake nikaTa pallana ko guNDu nAma kA pahAr3I para azoka ke zilAlekha ke samIpa meM do pada cinha aMkita haiN| unake nIce purAnI kanaDI bhASA meM do lAina kA eka zilAlekha hai| jisameM likhA hai ki 'cAvayya ne jaTAsiMha nandyAcArya ke padacinhoM ko taiyAra karAyA thaa|' kimI mahAna vyakti kI smRti meM usa sthAna para jahAM kisI sAdhu vagairaha ne samAdhimaraNa kiyA ho| pada cinha sthApita karane kA rivAja jainiyoM meM pracalita hai| kuvalaya mAlA ke kartA udyotana sRri (778 I0) ne aura punnATa saMghI jinamena (zaka saM0 105) ne vi0 saM0840 ke jaTila kavi kA aura unake grantha kA ullekha kiyA hai| 678 I0 meM cAmuNDarAya ne bhI ullekha kiyA hai| aura IsA kI 11vIM zatAbdI ke kavi dhavila ne jaTila mani aura varAMgacarita kA ullekha kiyA hai| inake atirikta pampa (941 I0) ne, nayamena (1112 I0) pArzva paMDita (1205 I0) janAcArya (1206 I0), gaNavarma (1230 I.) pUSpadanta purANa ke kartA kamalabhava (1235 I0) aura mahAvala (1245) I0 Adi granthakAroM ne apane apane granthoM meM jaTila kavi aura varA~gacarita kA ullekha kiyA hai isase kavi kI mahattA kA sahaja hI patA cala jAtA hai| sAtha hI ina saba ullekhoM meM unake samaya para bhI prakAza par3atA hai| DA0 e0ena0 upAdhyAya ne varAMgacarita kI prastAvanA meM jaTAsiMha nandi kA samaya IsA kI sAtavIM zatAbdI kA anta nirdhArita kiyA hai, kyoMki zakasaM0 705 meM harivaMza purANakAra ne usakA ullekha kiyA hai| zubhanandI-ravinandI zabhanandI-ravinandI nAmaka donoM mUni anyanna tIkSNa buddhi mUni aura siddhAMta zAstra ke parijJAnI the| bappadeva garu ne samasta siddhAnta kA vizeSa rUpa ge adhyayana kiyA thaa| yaha vyAkhyAna bhImarathi aura kRSNa mekha nadiyoM ke vIca pradeza utkalikA grAma ke samIpa magaNavallI grAma meM hanA thaa| bhImarathi kRSNAnado kI zAkhA hai aura inake bIca kA pradeza ava velagAMva va dhAravADa kahalAtA hai| vahIM bappadeva guru kA siddhAnta adhyayana hayA hogaa| isa adhyayana ke pazcAta unhoMne mahAbaMdha ko chor3a kara zeSa pAMca khaMNDoM para vyAkhyAprajJapti nAma kI TIkA likhii| pazcAta unhoMne chaThe khaNDa ko sakSipta vyAkhyA bhI likhii| vIrasenAcArya ne bappadeva kI vyAkhyA prajJapti ko dekhakara 1. jaTAmiha nandi AnArya radava cAvAyaM maaddisido| haidagabAda ArabayolAjikala sIrIja maM0 12 (man 1935) meM sI. Ara kRSNana cAralU likhita kopavalla ke kannar3a zilAlekha / 2. evaM vyAkhyAna kramamavAptavAn paramaguru prmpryaa| Agacchan siddhAnto dvividhogyati nizitabuddhibhyAm / 171 zubha-ravi-nandi munibhyAM bhImarathi-kRSNamekhayoH saritoH / madhyamaviSayegmaNIyo kalikAyAma sAmIpya // 172

Page #172
138 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 ho dhavalATIkA kA likhanA prArambha kiyA thaa| jayadhavalA kAra ne eka sthAna para bappadeva kA nAma lekara apane aura unake madhya ke matabheda ko batalAyA hai : cuNNi suttammi bappadevA iriya lihiduccAraNAe aMtomuhRtta midi bhnnido| amhehi lihiMduccAraNAe puNa jahaNNa egasamayo, u0 saMkhejjA samayAtti parUvido (jayadha0 185) dhavalA meM vyAkhyA prajJapti ke do ullekha nimna prakAra se upalabdha hote haiN| "logovAda viyAha paNNatti vayaNAdo" TIkAkAra ne isa avataraNa se apane abhimata ko puSTa kiyA hai / dhavalA 143 eka sthAna para dhavalAkAra ne usase apane mata kA virodha dikhalAyA hai edeNa viyAha paNNatti sutteNa saha kadhaM Na viroho? Na evamhAdo tassa pudhasudassa mAyariyameeNa bhedamA vaNNassa eyttaabhaavaado||" (dhavalA 808) ina ullekhoM se spaSTa hai ki bappadeva aura unakI TIkA vyAkhyA prajJapti kA astitva spaSTa hai| ThIkA kI bhASA prAkRta thii| bappadeva ne apane samaya kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyaa| kheda hai ki grantha anupalabdha hai| phira bhI anamAna se DA0 hIrAlAla jI ne bappadeva kA samaya vikrama kI chaThavIM zatAbdI batalAyA hai| dhavalATIkA se to vaha pUrvavartI hai hii| saMbhava hai, vaha sAtavIM zatAbdI kI racanA ho| mahAkavi dhanaMjaya mahAkavi dhanaMjaya-vAsudeva aura zrIdevI ke putra the| unake guru kA nAma dazaratha thaa| ye dazarUpaka ke lekhaka se bhinna haiM / ye gRhastha kavi the| inakI kavitA meM vaiziSTya hai| dvisandhAna kAvya banAne ke kAraNa ye dvisandhAna kavi kahalAte haiN| isa dvisandhAna kAvya ko rAghava pANDavIya kAvya bhI kahA jAtA hai kyoMki isameM rAmAyaNa aura mahAbhArata kI do kathAoM kA kathana nihita hai| bhoja (11vIM zatI IsavI ke madhya) ke anusAra dvisandhAna ubhayAlaMkAra ke kAraNa hotA hai / yaha tIna prakAra kA hai-vAkya prakaraNa tathA prabandha / prathama vAkyagata zleSa hai, dvitIya anekArtha sthiti hai, tIsarA rAghava pANDavIya kI taraha pUrA kAvya do kathAoM kA kahane vAlA hai| vikhyAta magaNavallI grAme'tha vizeSa rUpeNa / zrutvA tayozca pArve tamazeSaM bappadevaguruH / 173 apanIya mahAbandhaM SaTagvaNDAccheSa paMca khaMDe tu| vyAkhyA prati ca SaSThaM khaMDaM ca tataH maMkSipya / / 174 paNAM khaMDAnAmiti niSpannAnAM tathA kapAyAkhyaprAbhatakamya ca SaSThi sahasragranthapramANayutAm // 175 vyAlikha prAkRtabhASArUpAM samyaktvapugatana vyaakhyaam| aSTamahasra nathAM vyAkhyAM paJcAdhikAM mahAbandhe / / 176 2. dekho, SaTkhaMDAgama dhavalA. pu. 1 prastAvanA pR0 53 3. nItvA yo guruNAdizo dazarathe nopAttavAnnandanaH / zrIdevyA vasudevataH pratijaganyAyasya mArga sthitaH / tasya sthAyi dhanaMjayamya kRtitaH prAdupya duccaryazo, gAmbhIryAdi guNApanodavidhinevAmbho nidhIllaGaghate // 146 / /

Page #173
pAMcavIM zatAbdI se AThavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya 136 dhanaMjaya kavikA dvisandhAna kAvya saMskRta sAhitya meM upalabdha dvisandhAna kAvyoM meM prAcIna aura mahatvapUrNa kAvya hai| isake pratyeka padya do arthoM ko prastuta karate haiN| pahalA artha rAmAyaNa se sambaddha hai aura dUsarA artha mahAbhArata se / isI kAraNa ise rAghava pANDavIya bhI kahA jAtA hai| grantha meM 18 sarga aura pATha sau zloka haiN| yaha indravajA, upajAti, drutavilambita, puSpitAgrA, mAlinI, mandAkrAntA, rathoddhatA, vasantatilakA aura zikhariNI Adi vividha chandoM meM racA gayA hai| granthagata kathAnaka saMkSipta aura suru cipUrNa hai| isa grantha para do TIkAe~ upalabdha haiM jinameM eka kA nAma 'padakaumudI' hai jisake kartA nemicandra haiM, jo padmanandi ke praziSya aura vinayacandra ke ziSya the| dUsarI TIkA rAghava pANDavIya prakAzikA hai, jisake kartA paravAdi gharadR rAmabhaTTa ke putra kavi devara haiN| donoM TIkAe~ ArA jaina siddhAnta bhavana meM maujUda haiN| kAvya mImAMsA ke kartA rAjazekhara ne dhanaMjaya kavi kI baDI prazaMsA kI haiN| rAjazekhara pratihAra rAjA mahendrapAla ke upAdhyAya the| vAdirAja ne 1025 I0 meM likhe gaye apane pArzvanAtha caritra meM dhanaMjaya tathA eka se adhika sandhAna meM unakI pravINatA kA ullekha kiyA hai : aneka bhedasaMdhAnA khananto hRdaye muhuH| bANA dhanaMjayonmuktAH karNasyeva priyAH katham // kavi kI dUsarI kRti 'dhanaMjaya' nAmamAlA nAma kA choTA-sA do sau padyoM kA eka bahuta hI mahatvapUrNa zabda koSa hai ' isake sAtha meM 46 padyoM kI eka anekArtha nAmamAlA bhI jur3I huI hai| koSa meM 1700 zabdoM ke artha diye gaye haiN| isa choTe se koSa meM saMskRta bhASA kI Avazyaka padAvalI kA cayana kiyA gayA hai| koSa kI sabase baDI vizeSatA zabda se zabdAntara banAne kI prakriyA hai jo anyatra dekhane meM nahIM aaii| jaise pRthvI ke Age 'dhara' zabda jor3a dene se parvata ke nAma ho jAte haiN| aura rAjA ke nAmoM ke Age 'ruha' zabda jor3ane me vRkSa ke nAma ho jAte haiN| isa para amarakIti vidya kA nAma mAlA bhASya hai, jo bhAratIya jJAnapITha se prakAzita ho cukA hai| inakI tIsarI kRti 'viSApahAra stotra' hai jo 36 indravajA vRttoM kA stuti grantha hai| isameM Adi brahyA aSabhadeva kA stavana kiyA gayA hai| yaha stavana apanI prauDhatA, gambhIratA aura anaThI uktiyoM ke liye prasiddha hai| isa para aneka saMskRta TIkAeM milatI haiM, jinameM solahavoM zatAbdI ke vidvAna pArzvanAtha ke putra nAgacandra kI hai, dUsarI TIkA candrakIrti kI hai| ___ agAdhatAbdheH sa yataH payodhimerozca tuGgAH prakRtiH sa yatra / dyAvA pRthivyoH pRthutA tathaiva, vyApatvadIyA bhuvanAntarANi / / isa padya meM kavi ne RSabha deva kI gambhIratA samudra ke samAna, unnata prakRti meru ke samAna aura vizAlatA aAkAza-pRthvI ke samAna batalAkara unakI lokottara mahimA kA citraNa kiyA hai / 16veM padya meM kavi ne bhagavAna kI tuGga prakRti kA bar3A sundara citraNa kiyA hai / aura ArAdhya deva ke audArya kA vizleSaNa karate hae kavi kahatA hai ki he prabho! Apa bhaktoM ko sabhI padArtha pradAna karate haiN| udAra cittavAle daridra manuSya se bhI jo phala prApta hotA hai, vaha sampatti zAlI kRpaNa dhanADhyoM se nahIM / kyoMki pAnI se zUnya 1. dvisandhAne nipuNatA satAM cake dhanaMjayaH / yayA jAtaM phalaM tasya satAM cakra dhanaMjayaH / / -rAjazekhara 2. kaverdhanaM jayasyeyaM satkavInAM ziromaNeH / pramANa nAmamAleti zlokAnAmahi zatadvayam / / 202 //

Page #174
140 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 rahane para bhI parvata se nadiyA~ pravAhita hotI haiM / parantu jala se labAlaba bhare hue samudra se eka bho nadI nahIM nikalatI tuMgAt phalaM yattadavacanAcca, prApyaM samRddhAnna dhanezvarAdeH / nirambhaso'pyuccatamAdivAdre naeNkA'pi niryAta dhunI payodheH // 19 // isa taraha stuti kara kavi dInatA se vara kI yAcanA nahIM krtaa| kyoMki bhagavAna upekSaka haiM, rAga dveSa se rahita haiM / vRkSa kA Azraya karane vAloM ko svayaM chAyA prApta hotI hai / chAyA kI yAcanA karane se kyA lAbha / yadi dene kI Apa kI icchA hI ho to maiM Apase yahI cAhatA hU~ ki Apa meM mero bhakti banI rhe| mujhe vizvAsa hai ki Apa itanI kRpA avazya kareMge; kyoMki vidvAna puruSa apane prAzritoM ko icchAtroM ko pUrNa karate hI haiM / samaya iti stutiM deva vidhAya denyAdvaraM na yAce tvamupekSako'si / chAyAtaru saMzrayataH svataH syAtkazchAyayA yAcitayAtmalAbhaH // 38 // prathAsti ditsA yadi voparodhastvayyaiva saktAM diza bhaktibuddhim / kariSyate deva tathA kRpAM me ko vAtmapoSye sumukho na sUriH || 36 || nAmamAlA ke anta meM eka padya milatA hai jisameM prakalaMka deva kA pramANa zAstra, pUjyapAda yA devanandi kA lakSaNa zAstra (vyAkaraNa) aura dhanaMjaya kavi kA kAvya dvisandhAna, ye tIna apazcima ratna haiN| yaha zloka dhanaMjaya dvArA racA nahIM jAna par3atA / usase isakI mahattA kA bhAna hotA hai| cU~ki rAjazekhara pratIhAra rAjA mahendrapAla deva ke upAdhyAya the | mahendrapAla kA samaya vi0 saM0 660 ke lagabhaga hai / ataH dhanaMjaya 960 se pUrvavartI haiM / vIrasenAcArya ne apanI dhavalA TIkA zaka saM0 738 meM samApta kI hai / usakI jilda, 6 pR0 14 meM iti zabda kI vyAkhyA meM dhanaMjaya kI anekArtha nAmamAlA kA 38vAM padya uddhRta kiyA hai tA vevamprakArAdI vyavacchede viparyaye / prAdurbhAve samApte ca iti zabdaM vidurbudhAH / / isase dhanaMjaya kavi kA samaya 800 IsavI nirdhArita kiyA jA sakatA hai| sumati (sanmati ) sumatideva ( sanmati ) apane samaya ke prasiddha digambarAcArya the / AThavIM zatAbdI ke bauddha vidvAna zAntarakSita ne 'tattvasaMgraha' meM 'syAdvAdaparIkSA ( kArikA 1262 prAdi) aura vahirartha parIkSA (kArikA 1940 Adi) meM sumati nAmaka digambarAcArya ke mata kI samAlocanA kI hai / inake do granthoM kA ullekha milatA hai / vAdirAja sUri ne pArzvanAtha carita ke prArambha meM kaviyoM kA smaraNa karate hue likhA hai ki namaH sanmataye tasmai bhavakUpanipAtinAm / sanmati vivRtA yena sukhadhAma pravezinI // 22 // una sanmati (AcArya aura bhagavAna mahAvIra ) ko namaskAra ho jinhoMne bhavakUpa meM par3e hue logoM ke liye sukhadhAma meM pahuMcAne vAlI sanmati ko vivRta kiyA - sanmati kI vRtti yA TIkA kha dUsarA ullekha zravaNa velgola kI malliSeNa prazasti meM 'sumati deva' nAmaka vidvAna kA ullekha hai jinhoMne 'sumati saptaka' nAma kA grantha banAyA thA "sumati deva mamaM stutayena vassumatisaptakamAptanayAkRtaM / parihRtA pathatattvapathAthinAM sumati koTivirvAtibhavatihRt / / "

Page #175
pAcavI zatAbdI ma AThavI zatAbdI taka ke AcArya 141 ye sumati aura sanmati eka hI hai| vAdirAja ne 'sanmati' kI TIkA ke kartA kA nAma 'sumati' ke sthAna meM sanmati isa kAraNa diyA hogA kyoMki yaha nAma unhe AkarSaka lagA hogaa| tattva sagraha ke TIkAkAra kamalazIla ne pR0 382 me nimna paktiyA dI hai : __"tatra sumatiH kumArilAdyabhimatAlocanAmAtra pratyakSa vicAraNArthamAha"--sumati deva ne kumArila ke pAlocanA mAtra pratyakSa kA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai| isase sumati deva kA samaya kumArila ka bAda honA caahiye| DA0 bhaTTAcArya ne sumati kA samaya san 720 ke Asa-pAsa kA nirdhArita kiyA hai| karkarAja suvarNa ke dAna patra (tAmapatra) me mallavAdI ke ziSya sumati aora sumati ke ziSya aparAjita kA ullekha hai, jo mUlasagha ke menAnvaya ke the| zaka sa0 743 (vi0 sa0 878) me aparAjita ko navasArI kI na sasthA ke liye yaha dAna diyA gayA thaa| sabhava hai yahI sumati sanmati-TIkA ke kartA ho aisA premI jI ne jaina sAhitya aura hiAsa ke pRSTha 816 me likhA hai| para merI rAya meM aparAjita ke gurU sumati deva se zAntarakSita dvArA Alocita samati deva bhinna hI hai| kyAki zAnta rakSita kA samaya san 705 me 762 taka mAnA jAtA hai| inhone sana 743 me tivvata kI yAtrA kI thii| isake pUrva hI ve apanA tattva magraha banA cake hoge| yadi yaha vicAra sahI hai to dono sumati deva eka nahIM ho skte| tattva sagraha meM ullikhita sumati pUrvavartI hai aura aparAjita ke guru sumati deva kA samaya san 853 ke lagabhaga hotA hai| sumati deva sumati deva-yaha mUla sagha senAnvaya ke vidvAna mallavAdi ke ziSya the| sumati deva ke ziSya aparAjita the| jinhe zaka sa0 743 (vi0 sa0 887) me navamArI ji0 mUrata ke jaina mandira ke liye eka jamIna dAna kI gaI thii| ataeva sumati deva kA samaya aparAjita ke samaya me 25 varSa kama, vi0 sa0 853 honA cAhiye / arthAta prastUta sumati deva havI zatAbdI ke vidvAna jAna paDate hai| kumArasena inakA smaraNa punnATamaMghIya jinamena ne (zaka sa0 705 I0 783) harivaMzapurANa meM nimna zabdo meM kiyA hai| prAkupAraM yazo loke prabhAcandrodayojjvalam / guroH kumArasenasya vicaratyajitAtmakam / / candrodaya ke racayitA prabhAcandra ke pApa gurU the| ApakA nirmala suyaza samudrAnta vicaraNa karatA thaa| cAmuNDarAya pUrANa ke 15ve padya me bhI inakA smaraNa kiyA gayA hai| DA0 e0 ena upAdhyAya ne likhA hai ki ye mala guNDa nAmaka sthAna para Atma tyAga ko svIkAra karake kopaNAdri para dhyAnastha ho gaye tathA samAdhi pUrvaka maraNa kiyaa| zAcArya vidyAnanda ne apanI aSTa sahastrI kI antima prazasti ke dUsare padya meM aSTasahastrI ko kaSTa sahastrI batalAte hae kUmAra sena kI uktiyoM se aSTa sahastrI ko pravardhamAna batalAyA hai / isame spaSTa hai ki kamAra 1. kaSTa sahastrI siddhA sApTa sahasrIyamatra me puNyAt / zazvadabhISTa sahastrI kumArasanokti vardhamAnArthA // 2 //

Page #176
142 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 sena vidyAnanda se bhI pUrvavartI haiM / saMbhavataH unakA koI dArzanika graMtha rahA hai jisakI uktiyoM se unhoMne ukta graMtha ko vardhamAna batalAyA hai| malliSeNa prazasti meM akalaMka se pahale aura sumati deva ke bAda kumAra sena kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai udetya samyagdizi dakSiNasyAM kumAraseno manirastamApat / tatraiva citra jagadekabhAnoMstiSThatyaso tasya tathA prkaashH||14|| DA0 mahendra kumAra jI ne kumAra sena kA samaya I0 720-se 800 taka batalAyA hai| cUMki kumArasena kA smaraNa punnATa saMghIya jinasena ne kiyA hai jinakA samaya zaka saM0 705 I0 san 783 hai| isase kumArasena san 783 se pUrvavartI haiN| kavi paramezvara (kavi parameSThI) prAcArya jina mena ne inheM (kavi paramezvara ko) kaviyoM dvArA pUjya tathA kavi paramezvara prakaTa karate hue unheM zabda aura artha ke saMgraha rUpa (vAgarthasaMgraha) purANa kA kartA batalAyA hai| aura jinasena ke ziSya gaNabhadra ne ukta vAgarthasaMgraha purANa ko gadyakathAmAtra, sabhI chanda aura alaMkAra kA lakSya, sUkSma artha aura gar3ha pada racanA vAlA batalAyA hai / cAmuNDarAya ne apane purANa meM kavi paramezvara ke aneka padya uddhata kiye haiM jisase DA0 e. dhye ma. e. DIliTa kolhApUra ne use gadya-padyamaya campa hAna kA anumAna kiyA hai / yaha anumAna prAyaH ThIka jAna par3atA hai| jinasena aura guNabhadra ne usakA prAthaya jarUra liyA hogaa| kavi paramezvara kA mAdi paMpa. abhinava paMpa, nayasena, aggala deva aura kamalabhava Adi aneka vidvAnoM ne Adara ke sAtha smaraNa kiyA hai, jisase ve bar3e vidvAna jAna par3ate haiM / parantu unakI guru paramparA ora gaNa-gacchAdi kA koI ullekha prApta nahIM huA / isa nizcita samaya batalAnA zakya nahIM hai, kintu itanA avazya hai ki ve Adi purANakAra jinasena se pUrvavartI haiN| saMbhavata: unakA samaya vi0kI 8vIM zatAbdI jAna par3atA hai| kANabhikSu kAbhikSa-kathAlaMkArAtmaka grantha ke racayitA the| prAcArya jinasena ne inake grantha kA ullekha karate hae likhA hai ki-dharmarUpa mUtra meM piroye hue jinake manohara vacana rUpa nirmala maNi kathA zAstra ke alakAra bana gye| una kANabhikSu kI jaya ho| "dhamaMsUtrAnugA hRdyA yasya vaadd.mnnyo'mlaaH| kathAlaMkAratAM bhejuH kANabhikSa jayatyasau / / " (prAdi purANa 1-5-51) 1. sa pUjyaH kavibhilauke kavInA prmeshvrH| vAgarthamaMgraha kRtsnaM purANaM yaH samagrahIt ||aadi pu0 1,60 2. kaviparamezvara nidina gadyakathAmAtRkaM purozcaritam / sakalacchandolaMkRti lakSyaM sUkSmArthagUDha pada racanam / / -uttara purANa praza0 171 3. dekho, jainasiddhAnta bhAskara bhA. 13 kiraNa 2

Page #177
pAMcavIM zatAbdI se AThavIM zatAbdI taka ke AcArya isase spaSTa jAnA jAtA hai ki kANabhikSu ne kisI kathA grantha athavA purANa kI racanA kI thii| kheda hai ki vaha apUrva grantha isa samaya anupalabdha hai| inakI guru paramparA bhI ajJAta hai / inakA samaya jinasenAcArya se pUrvavartI hai, kyoMki unhoMne inakA smaraNa kiyA hai| gaMgarAja ke mahAmAtya cAmuMDarAya ne bhI apane purANa meM inakA smaraNa kiyA hai| kANabhikSu kathA grantha ke kartA haiN| inakA samaya bi0 kI vo zatAbdo honA cAhiye / caumuha (caturmukha) ye apabhraMza bhASA ke prasiddha kavi the| inakI tIna kRtiyAM thI, paumacariu, riTaNemicariu aura paMcamI cariu / parantu kheda haiM ki unameM se eka bhI kRti upalabdha nahIM hai / apabhraMza bhASA ke kavi dhavala ne apane harivaMza purANa meM, jo abhI aprakAzita hai, caumuha kI 'hari pANDavAnAM kathA' kA ullekha kiyA hai : haripaMDavAMNa kahA caumuha-vAsehi bhAsiyaM jmhaa|| tahaviraMyami loyapiyA jeNa Na NAsei saNaM pauraM / / isa padya meM 'caumuha vAsehi' (caturmukhavyA) pada zlisTa hai| paumacariu ke prArambha ke cauthe padya meM kahA hai ki svayaMbhU kI jalakrIr3A varNana meM, aura catu mukha deva ko gograha kathA varNana meM Aja bhI koI kavi nahIM pA sktaa| harivaMza meM go graha kathA kA varNana hai|' svayaMbhU chanda meM caumuha ke padya udAharaNa mvarUpa uddhata haiN| unameM se 4, 2, 6, 83, 192 padyoM se jJAta hotA hai; ki unakA paumacariu bhI unake sAmane rahA hogaa| kyoMki usameM rAmakathA ke varNana kA prasaMga hai| isake atirikta harivaMza aura paMcamIcariu ve donoM kRtiyAM bhI caumaha kI thii| kintu ve aba upalabdha nahIM haiN| kavi kA samaya vikrama kI AThavIM zatAbdI hai| yaha svayabhUdeva se pahale hae haiN| kyoMki svayaMbhU aura tribhuvana svayaMbhU ne unakI racanA kA ullekha kiyA hai| haripeNa (vi0 saM0 1044) ne apanI dharma parIkSA meM, aura vIra kavi ne (1076) jambUsvAmI carita meM caumuha kA smaraNa kiyA hai| ataH ve svayaMbhU, tribhuvana svayaMbhU Adi se pUrvavartI haiN| unakA samaya vahI AThavIM zatAbdI hai, jisakA Upara nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| akalaGkadeva itthaM samasta matavAdi karIndradarpamunmUla ynnmlmaandRddh'prhaarH| syAdvAdakesarasaTAzatatIvamUrtiH paJcAnano jayatyakalaGkadevaH // -nyA0 ku0 pR0 604 menAzeSakutarka vibhramatamo nirmUlamunmIlitam, sphArAgAdha kunIti sArtha sarito niHzeSataH zoSitAH / syAdvAdA pratimaprabhUtakiraNaH vyAptaM jagat sarvataH, sa zrImAnakalaGkabhAnurasamo jIyAjjinendraH prabhuH / / -nyA0 ku. pR0 472 tarkabhUvallbho devaH sa jayatyakalaGka dhIH / / jagad dravyamuSo yena daNDitAH zAkyavasyavaH // -vAdirAja pA0 ca0 1. caumuha eva ca goggaha kahAe / 1lamacariu, svayambhUdeva /

Page #178
144 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 akalaMkadeva pratibhA sampanna mahAn vAdI, granthakAra aura yugapravartaka vidvAn prAcArya the| zilAlekhoM meM unakA guNagAna unake nirmala vyaktitva kA saMdyotaka hai / zilAvAkyoM meM unheM tarkabhUvallabha, mahadhika, samastavAdikarIndra darponmUlaka, akalaGkadhI, bauddha buddhi vaidhavyadIkSAguru, syAdvAdakesarasaTA zatatIvramUrtipaJcAnana, azeSa kutarka vibhramatayo nirmU lonmUlaka, akalaMGkabhAnu, acintya mahimA, aura sakala tArkikacakra cUr3AmaNi marIci mecakita nakhakiraNa Adi mahAn vizeSaNoM se vibhUSita kiyA hai / yaha jaina nyAya yA darzana ke una pratiSThApaka vidvAnoM meM se haiN| jinhoMne dArzanika krAnti ke samaya samantabhadra aura siddhasena ke vAMGmaya se prApta bhUmikA yA Agama kI paribhASAnoM ko dArzanika rUpa dekara akalaMka nyAya kA pratiSThApana kiyA hai| ye jaina darzana ke taladaSTA aura bhAratIya darzanoM ke prakANDa paMDita the| bauddha sAhitya meM dharmakIrti kA jo mahattva meM akalaMkadeva kA usase kama mahatva nahIM hai| dArzanika yuga meM vibhinna dharma saMsthApakoM ne apane apane dharma kA samadyota kiyA hai| bauddha vidvAna dharmakIti, bhaTTa kumArilla, prabhAkara mizra, udmotakara aura vyomaziva prAdi dArzanika vidvAnoM kA loka meM jo viziSTa sthAna thA, vahI sthAna jaina sampradAya meM akalaMka deva kA thaa| unakA vyaktitva asAdhAraNa thaa| isI se aneka kaviyA ne apane granthoM meM unakA jayaghoSa kiyA akalaMkadeva kA koI purAtana evaM prAmANika jIvana-paricaya upalabdha nahIM hai aura na unake samakAlIna tathA atinikaTa uttaravartI lekhakoM ke granthoM meM aMkita milatA hai| jIvana paricaya mAnyakheTa nagara ke rAjA zubhatuga ke puruSottama nAma kA maMtrI thaa| usake do putra the-eka akalaMka aura dasarA nikalaMka / eka bAra aSTAnhikA parva meM mAtA-pitA ke sAtha ve donoM bhAI jaina guru ravigupta ke pAsa ge| mAtA-pitA ne ukta parva meM brahmacarya vrata liyA aura apane vAlakoM ko bhI dilaayaa| jaba ve yuvA hue taba apane parAne brahmacarya vrata ko yAvajjIvana vrata mAnakara unhoMne vivAha nahIM krvaayaa| pitA ne samajhAyA ki vaha pratijJA to parva ke lie thii| para ve kumAra apanI bAta para dRr3ha rahe aura unhoMne Ajanma brahmacArI raha kara apanA samaya zAstrAbhyAsa meM lagAyA / akalaMka eka sandhi aura nikalaMka dvi sandhi the unakI buddhi itanI prakhara thI ki akalaMka ko eka bAra sanane mAtra se smaraNa ho jAtA thA aura uso pATha ko do bAra sunane se nikalaMka ko smaraNa ho jAtA thaa| usa samaya jaina dharma para hone vAle bauddhoM ke AkSepoM se unakA citta vicalita ho rahA thA aura ve isake pratIkArArtha baudra zAstroM kA adhyayana karane ke liye bAhara nikala pdd'e| ve apanA dharma chipA kara eka bauddhamaTha meM vidyAdhyayana karane lge| eka dina guru jI ko dignAga ke anekAnta khaNDana ke pUrvapakSa kA kucha pATha azuddha hone ke kAraNa nahIM laga rahA thaa| usa dina pATha banda kara diyA gyaa| rAtri ko akalaMka ne vaha pATha zuddha kara diyaa| dasare dina jaba guru ne zuddha pATha dekhA to unheM sandeha ho gayA ki koI jana yahAM chipa kara par3ha rahA hai| isI kI khoja ke silasile meM eka dina guru ne jainamUrti ko lA~ghane kI saba ziSyoM ko AjJA dii| prakalaMka deva mUti para eka dhAgA DAla kara use lAMgha gaye aura isa saMkaTa se baca gye| eka rAtri meM guru ne acAnaka kAMse ke bartanoM se bhare bore ko chata se giraayaa| sabhI ziSya usa bhISaNa AvAja se jAga gaye aura apane iSTadeva kA smaraNa karane lge| isa samaya akalaMka ke mukha se 'Namo arahatANaM' Adi paMca namaskAra maMtra nikala pdd'aa| basa phira kyA thA, donoM bhAI pakar3a liye gaye / donoM bhAI maTha kI UparI maMjila meM kaida kara diye gye| taba donoM bhAI eka chAte kI sahAyatA se kUda kara bhAga nikale jJAta hone para rAjAjJA se unheM pakar3ane do ara gaye / sainikoM ko prAte dekhakara choTe bhAI nikalaMka ne bar3e bhAI se prArthanA kI ki Apa eka sandhi aura mahAna vidvAna haiN| Apase jina zAsana kI mahatI prabhAvanA hogI / ataH prApa nikaTavartI tAlAba meM chipa kara apane prANa bacAiye, zIghratA kIjie, samaya nahIM hai| ve hatyAre hameM pakar3ane ke lie zIghra hI pIche A rahe haiN| Akhira duHkhI citta se 1. yaha paricaya bra0 nemidatta ke kathAkoza se liyA gayA hai|

Page #179
pAMcavIM zatAbdI se AThavI zatAbdI taka ke AcArya 145 akalaMka ne tAlAba meM chipakara apane prANoM kI rakSA kii| nikalaMka Age bhaage| vahIM eka dhobI ne nikalaMka ko bhAgate dekhA / vaha bhI pIche prAte hue ghur3asavAroM ko dekha kisI ajJAta bhaya kI AzaMkA se nikalaka ke sAtha hI bhAgane lgaa| ghur3asavAroM ne Akara donoM ko talavAra ke ghATa utAra kara apanI rakta pipAsA zAnta kI / "akalaMka vahAM se cala kara kaliMga deza ke ratna saMcayapura meM phuNce| vahA~ ke rAjA himazItala kI rAnI madana sundarI ne aSTAnhikA parva ke dinoM meM jaina ratha yAtrA nikalavAne kA vicAra kiyaa| kintu bauddhaguru saMgha zrI ke bahakAne meM grAkara rAjA ne ratha yAtrA nikAlane kI yaha zarta rakhI ki yadi koI jainaguru bauddha guru ko zAstrArtha meM harAde taba hI jaina ratha yAtrA nikala sakatI hai| isase rAnI bar3I cintita huI aura dharma meM vizeSa rUpa se saMlagna huI / kalaMka deva vahAM Aye aura rAjA himazItala kI sabhA meM bauddha vidvAna se zAstrArtha huA / saMghazrI bIca meM paradA DAlakara usake pIche baiThakara zAstrArtha karatA thaa| zAstrArtha karate hue chaha mahIne bIta gaye, para kisI kI hArajIta nahIM ho paaii| eka dina rAtri ke samaya cakrezvarI devI ne akalaMka ko isakA rahasya batAyA vi parade ke pIche ghaTa meM sthApita tArAdevI zAstrArtha karatI hai / tuma usame prAtaHkAla kahe gaye vAkyoM ko dubArA pUchanA, itane se hI usakI parAjaya ho jaayegii| agale dina akalaMka ne cakrezvarI devI kI sammati ke anusAra prAtaH kahe gaye vAkyoM ko phira duharAne ko kahA to uttara nahIM milaa| unhoMne turanta paradA khIMca kara ghar3e ko paira kI Thokara meM phor3a DAlA / ' isase jainadharma kI vijaya huI aura rAnI ke dvArA saMkalpita rathayAtrA dhUmadhAma se nikAlI gayI / " usa samaya jaina dharma kI mahatI prabhAvanA huI / janatA ke hRdaya meM jainadharma ke prati AsthA bar3hI aura rAnI kA dRr3ha saMkalpa pUrA huA / kathA koza meM rAjA zubhaturaMga kI rAjadhAnI mAnyaveTa aura akalaMka deva ko usake mantrI puruSottama kA putra batalAyA hai tathA rAjA himazItala kI sabhA meM bauddhoM ko zAstrArtha meM parAjita karane kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| rASTrakUTa rAjA kRSNarAja prathama kI upAdhi zubhaturaMga' thii| usakA samarthana zilAlekhoM meM utkIrNa prazastiyoM se bhI hotA hai / zubha gadantidurga ke cAcA the| yuvAvasthA meM dantidurga kI mRtyu ho jAne ke vAda ve rAjyAdhirUr3ha hue 'the 1 dantidurga kA hI nAma sAhasaturaMga thA / isane kAMcI, kerala, cola ora pANDya deza ke rAjAoM ko tathA rAjA harSa aura vajraTa ko jItane vAlI karNATaka kI senA ko harAyA thA / karNATaka kI senA kA artha cAlukyoM kI senA se hai| kyoMki cAlukya rAja pulakezI dvitIya ne deSa vaMzI rAjA harpa ko jItA thA / " kiyA hai| 'bhArata ke prAcIna rAjavaMza grantha meM dantidurga kI upAdhiyoM meM 'mAhasaturaMga' upAdhi kA bhI ullekha DA0 e0 vI0 sAtAra ne rAmezvara mandira ke stambha lekha se siddha kiyA hai ki sAhasaturaMga dantidurga kA 1. maliSeNa prazasta ke nimna padya meM bhI rAjA hi zItala kI sabhA meM zAstrArtha ke samaya ghaDe phor3ane kI bAta kA samarthana hotA hai : - mallipeNa prazastikA kA samaya zaka sa0 1050 (san 1928) hai / "nAhaGkAravazIkRtena manamA na dveSiNA kevalaM, nairAtmyaM pratipadya nazyati jane kAruNya buddhayA mayA / rAjJaH zrI himazItalasya sadasi prAyo vidagdhAtmanI, tatara kalAnvijitya sugata : (maghaTa :) pAdena visphoTitaH || 23 || ." zrIkRSNa rAjasya zubhatuGga turaMga turaga pravRddha reNvardharuddha ravikiraNam" - e0 i0 3 pR0 106 2 3. kAMcIza keralanarAdhipacolapANDeya zrI harSavATa vibheva vidhAnadakSam 1 karNATakaM balamananta majeyarathyaM bhRtyaH kiyadabharapi yaH sahasA jigAya || - zAmana gaDha ( kolhApura) kA zaka saM0 675 kA dAnapatra, i0 e0 bhA0 11 pRSTha 111 4. dekho ehola kA zilAlekha / 5. bhAga 3 pR0 26 /

Page #180
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 nAma thaa|' usane cAlukya rUpI samudra kA mathana kara usakI lakSmI ko cirakAla taka apane kula kI kAntA banAyA thA, jaisA ki lekha ke nimna vAkyoM se prakaTa haiM : tatrAnvaye'pyabhavadekapatiH [1] thivyAm / zrI danti durga itidurdhara baahuviiryo| cAlukya sindhumathanodbhava rAjalakSmIm, yaH saMbabhAra ciramAtmakulaikakAntAm // 5 // tasmin sAhasatuMga nAmni nRpatau svaH sundarI prAthite / / malliSeNa prazasti se bhI sAhasatuga aura himazotala kI sabhA meM hue zAstrArtha kA samarthana hotA hai / isa kathana se kathAkoza mora malliSaNaprazasti kI bhI prAmANikatA siddha hotI hai| prakalaGka deva kA vyaktitva __isameM sandeha nahIM ki akalakadeva kA vyaktitva mahAna thaa| zilA vAkyoM aura granthollekhoM ke anusAra samakAlIna praura paravartI prAcAryoM para unakA prabhAva prakita hai / ve apane samaya ke yuganirmAtA mahApuruSa the / ve aneka zAstrArthoM ke vijetA kavi aura vAgmI the| aura the ghaTavAda ke visphoTaka sabhA catura paMDita / bauddhoM ke sAtha hone vAle prasiddha zAstrArtha meM, jo ghaTAvatIrNa tArAdevI ke sAtha chaha mahIne taka kiyA gayA thaa| usakI vijaya itanI mahAna thI ki prakalaMka jaise vAcaMyamI ke mukha se niravadya vidyA ke vibhava ko udaghoSita karA skii| prazasti ke ve padya isa prakAra hai : cUNi-yasyedamAtmano'nanyasAmAnya niravadya vidyA vibhavopavarNanamAkarNyate / rAjan sAhasatuMga santi bahavaH zvetAtapatrA nRpAH, kintu tvatsadRzAraNe vijayinaH tyAgonnatA dulbhaaH| tadvatsanti budhA na santi kavayo vAdIzvarA vaagmino| nAnA zAstra vicAra cAturaSiyaH kAle kalo mdvidhaaH||21|| (pUrvamukha) rAjan sarvArivarpa pravidalana paTustvaM yathAtra prasiddhastadvatlyAto'hamasyA bhuvi nikhila-madotpATanaH paNDitAnAm / nocedeSo'hamete tava sadasi sadAsanti santo mhaanto| vaktuM yasyAsti zaktiH sa vadatu viditAzeSa-zAstro yadi syAt // 22 // nAhaMkAra-vazIkRtena manasA na dveSiNA kevalaM, nairAtmyaM pratipadya nazyatijane kAruNyabuddhayA myaa| rAjJaH zrI himazItalasya sadasi prAyo vidagdhAtmano, bauddhaughAnsakalAnvijitya sa gataH (sa ghaTaH) pAdena visphoTitaH // 23 // ina padyoM meM prakalaMka deva kI niravadya vidyA kA vibhava prakaTa karate hue batalAyA hai ki-he sAhasatuMga rAjan ! zveta Atapatra (chatra) vAle rAjA bahuta haiM, parantu tumhAre sadRza raNa vijayo aura tyAgonnata rAjA durlabha haiM / usI taraha aneka vidvAna haiM; para kalikAla meM mere samAna nAnA zAstroM ke vicAroM meM catura buddhi vAle kavi vAdIzvara aura vAgmI vidvAn nahIM haiN| 1. dekho; jarnala Apha vambaI hi0 so0 bhAga 6 10 29-'dI eja Apha guru aka laGka' tathA siddhi vinizcaya kI prastAvanA pR046 /

Page #181
pAMcavIM zatAbdI se AThavIM zatAbdI taka ke AcArya 147 jisa taraha sarva zatrunoM ke mAna mardana meM pApa prasiddha haiM, usI taraha isa pRthvI maMDala meM, maiM paMDitoM ke samasta mada ko naSTa karane meM prasiddha huuN| yadi aisA na ho to, yaha maiM hUM aura ApakI sabhA meM sadA rahane vAle paMDita haiM / inameM jisakI zakti ho vaha nikhila zAstravettA mere sAmane bole / maiMne ahaMkAra ke vaza athavA mana ke dveSa se aisA nahI khaa| kintu nairAtmyavAda ke kAraNa manuSyoM ke vinAza ko jAnakara logoM para karuNA buddhi se maiMne kahA hai| rAjA himazItala kI sabhA meM maiMne vidagdhAtmA bauddhoM ko jIta kara pAdase ghar3e kA visphoTana kiyA hai| yaha vaha samaya thA, jaba bauddhavidvAna dharmakIrti ke ziSyoM kA samudAya bhAratIya darzana ke raMga maMca para chAyA hunA thA / usake nairAtmya vAda ke nAroM se prAtmadarzana hila uThA thaa| usa samaya se prakalaMkadeva ne bhAratIya darzana kI hilatI huI dIvAloM ko thAmA aura isI prayatna meM akalaGka nyAya kA janma huaa| prakalaGka deva ke TIkA grantha aura unakI maulika kRtiyAM unake gahanatattva vicAra, unakI sUkSma tarka pravaNatA aura svatattva niSThA kA paga paga para darzana karAtI hai| kRtiyA~ gUr3ha aura gaMbhIra prartha kI dyotaka haiN| prakalaMkane dharma kIti kI parihAsa aura azlIla kaTaktiyoM kA uttara bhI bar3e maje se diyA hai| ___ akalaka deva bAla brahmacArI aura nirgrantha tapasvI the| unake mana meM apane pyAre bhAI ke balidAna kI Aga barAbara jala rahI thii| isase bhI adhika unake mAnasa meM bauddhoM ke krAntikArI siddhAntoM ke pracAra se aura prAtmavAda ke lupta ho jAne se uthala-puthala macI huI thii| zilAlekha meM unheM mahadhika likhA hai| isa taraha unakA vyaktitva mahAna aura caritra sampanna thaa| unakI akalaMka prabhA se jaina zAsana pAlokita hanA hai, aura hotA rhegaa| tattvArtha rAja vArtika ke 'laghuhavyanRpativaratanayaH' padya ke 'varatanayaH' se akalaMka ke laghu bhrAtA hone kI sUcanA milatI hai| prakalaMka deva kA samaya akalaMka deva yativRSabha, zrIdatta, siddhasena, devanandI, pAtra kesarI aura sumati deva ke bAda hue haiN| unhoMne yativRSabha kI tiloyapaNNatti ' ke prathama adhikAra ko do gAthAnoM kA saskRtikaraNa kara unheM laghIyastraya meM zAmila / yativaSabha kA samaya IsA kI 5vI sadI hai| zrIdatta kA ullekha devanandI ne kiyA hai| akalaMka deva ne pravacana praveza ke pRSTha 23 meM siddhasena ke 'sanmatisUtra kI nimnagAthA kA saMskRta rUpAntara kiyA hai : titthayara vayaNasaMgaha visesptthaarmuulvaagrnnii| davvaTino ya pajjavaNamo ya sesA viyappAsi // 1-3 "tataH tIrthakara vacana saMgraha vizeSa prastAra mUlavyAkAriNaudravyaparyAyAthiko nizcetavyo / " laghIyastrayasvo0 vR0 zloka 67 Apane devanandI kI tattvArthavRtti ( sarvArthasiddhi ) kI paMktiyoM ko dArtika banAkara tattvArthavArtika kI racanA kI hai| devanandI kA samaya IsA kI 5vIM zatAbdI hai| akalaMka ne pAtra kesarI ke 'trilakSaNakadarthana' kI 'anya thAnupapannatvaM" kArikA ko nyAyavinizcaya ke mUla meM zAmila kara liyA hai| inakA samaya IsA kI sAtavIM zatAbdI hai| sumati deva kA ullekha zAnti rakSita ke tattvasaMgraha kI paMjikA meM pAyA jAtA hai| paMjikA ke kartA kamalazIla haiM, jo nAlandA vizvavidyAlaya ke prophesara the| zAntirakSita kA samaya san 705 se 762 mAnA jAtA hai| san 743 meM zAntirakSita ne tibbata kI yAtrA kI thii| usase pahale hI unhoMne tattva saMgraha kI racanA kI hai| kamalazIla zAntirakSita ke samakAlIna jAna par3ate haiN| ina ullekhoM se 'prakalaMka kA samaya IsA kI 7vIM zatAbdI se bAda kA jAna par3atA hai| 1 jIyAt samantabhadrasya devAgamanaH saMjJinaH / stotrasya bhASyaM kRtavAnakalaGko mahadhika: jaina lekha saMgraha bhA03 le naM0667 pR0 518

Page #182
148 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 - DA. mahendra kumAra jI ne akalaMka kA samaya IsAka vIM zatAbdI kA uttarArdha siddha karate hae jo sAdhaka pramANa diye haiN| unheM yahAM diyA jAtA hai: 1-dantidurga dvitIya, upanAma sAhasa tugakI sabhA meM akalaMka kA apane mukha se himazItala kI sabhA meM hue zAstrArtha kI bAta kahanA / ' dantidurgakA rAjya kAla I0 745 se 755 hai, aura usI kA nAma sAhasa tuMga thaa| yaha rAmezvara mandira ke stambhalekha se siddha ho gayA hai| 2-prabhAcanda ke kathAkoza meM akalaMka ko kRSNaja ke maMtrI puruSottama kA putra batAnA / kRSNa kA rAjya kAla I0 756 se 775 taka hai| 3-akalaMka carita meM akalaMka ke zaka saM0 700 (I0 778) meM bauddhoM ke sAtha hue mahAna vAda kA ullekha honaa| 4-prakalaMka ke granthoM meM nimnalikhita prAcAryoM ke granthoM kA ullekha yA prabhAva honA / bhartRhari (I04 thI 5vIM sadI) kumArila (I0 7 vI kA pUrvArdha), dharmakIrti (I0 620 se 660), jayarAzi bhaTTa (I07vIM sadI), prajJAkara gupta (I0660 se 520), dharmAkaradatta (acaMTa) (I0680 se 720), zAntabhadra (I0700) dharmottara (I0 700) karNagomi (I0 8vIM sadI), zAMta rakSita (I0 705 se 762) / 5-kavivara dhanaMjaya ke dvArA nAmamAlA meM 'pramANamakalaMkasya' likhakara akalaMka kA smaraNa kiyA jaanaa| dhanaMjaya kI nAma mAlA kA avataraNa dhavalA TIkA meM hai| ata: dhanaMjaya kA samaya I0 810 hai / 6-jinasena ke guru vIrasena kI dhavalATIkA (I0816) meM tattvArtha vArtika ke uddhAraNa honaa| 7-Adi purANa meM jinasena dvArA unakA smaraNa kiyA jaanaa| jinasena kA samaya I0760 se 813 hai / -harivaMza purANa ke kartA punnATa saMghIya jinasena ke dvArA vIrasena kI koti ko 'akalaMka' kahA jaanaa| 6-vidyAnanda AcArya dvArA akalaMka kI aSTazatI para aSTa sahasrI TokA kA likhA jAnA / vidyAnanda kA samaya I0 775-840 hai| 10-zilAlekhoM meM akalaMka kA smaraNa sumati ke bAda AnA' 1 gujarAta ke karka suvarNakA mallavAdi ke praziSya aura sumati ke ziSya aparAjita ko diye gae dAna kA eka tAmrapatra zaka, saM0743 I0821 kA milA hai| tattvasaMgraha 3 meM sumatideva digambara ke mata kA ullekha pAtA hai / tattvasaMgraha paMjikA 8 meM batAyA hai ki sumati kUmArila ke pAlocanA mAtra pratyakSa kA nirAkaraNa karate haiM / ata: sumati kA samaya kumArila ke bAda honA caahiye| DA. bhaTTAcArya ne sumati kA samaya I0720 ke pAsa pAsa nidhArita kiyA hai| yadi tAmrapatra hI tattvasagrahakAra dvArA ullikhita sumati hai to inake samaya ko saMgati baiThAnI hogI; kyoMki tAmrapatra ke anusAra sumati ke zipya aparAjita I0821 meM hue haiM aura isa taraha guru ziSya ke samaya meM 100 varSa kA antara hotA hai| pro0 dalasukha mAlavaNiyA ne isakA samAdhAna isa prakAra kiyA hai| ki-sumati kI grantha racanA kA samaya I. 1. siddhi vinazcaya pra0 pRSTha 46 / 2. vahI pa. 46 / 3. vahI pR. 11 / 4. vahI pRSTha 41-36 / 5. vahIM pR0 46 / 6. jaina sA. i0 pRSTha 111 / 7. vahI pR037 / 8. prastAvanA pR0 38 / 6. harivaMza purANa 1-36 / 10. vahI pR. 36 / 11. vahI pra0 pR0 38 / 12. dharmottara prastAvanA pR0 55 / 13. tattva saM0 pR0 376, 382, 383, 386, 466 / / 14. "tatra sumatiH kumArilAdyAghabhimatA locanAmAtrapratyakSa vicAraNarthamAha" tattva saM0 paM0 pRSTha 376 / 15. tattva saM0 prastA pR062| 16. dharmottara prastAva pR0 55 /

Page #183
pAMcavIM zatAbdI se pAThavI zatAbdI taka ke AcArya 146 750 ke pAsa-pAsa mAnA jAya to pUrvokta asaMgati nahI hogii| zAnti rakSita ne tibbata jAne se pUrva hI tattva saMgraha kI racanA kI hai| ataeva vaha I0 745 ke pUrva racA gayA hogA, kyoMki zAnta rakSita ne tibbata jAkara I0 746 meM vihAra kI sthApanA kI thii| sumati ko yadi zAnti rakSita kA samavayaska mAna liyA jAya to unako bhI utarAvadhi I0 762 ke pAsa-pAsa hogii| aisI sthiti meM sumati ke ziSya aparAjita ko sattA I0821 meM honA asambhava nahIM hai|" yaha samAdhAna sayuktika hai| aisI dazA meM sUmati se 23 prAcAryoM ke bAda hone vAle akalaMka kA samaya I08 vIM kA uttarArdha hI siddha hotA hai| isa taraha vipratipattiyoM ke nirAkaraNa zcita sAdhaka pramANoM ke AdhAra se akalaMka deva kA samaya I0 720 se 780 siddha hotA hai / prakalaGka ke grantha akalaMka deva kI upAdhi 'bhaTTa' thii| isI se ve bhaTTa kahalAte the| unako nimna kRtiyA upalabdha haiM-1 tattvArthavAtika sabhApya, 2 apTazatI, 3 laghIyastraya savivRtti, 4 nyAyavizciya savRtti, 5 siddhivinizcaya, 6 pramANa saMgraha svopjny| 1-tattvArthavAtika sabhASya-prastuta grantha gRdhdrapicchAcArya ke tattvArtha sUtra ke 355 sUtroM meM saralatama 27 sUtroM ko chor3a kara zeSa 328 sUtroM para gadyavArtikoM ko racanA kI gaI hai, jinakA saMkhyA dA hajAra chaha so sattara hai| ina vArtikoM dvArA sUtrakAra ke sUtroM para saMbhAvita vipratipattiyoM kA nirAkaraNa kara granthakAra ke sUtroM ke marma kA udghATana kiyA hai / yaha vArtika zailI para likhA gayA prathama bhASya grantha hai / isameM jIva, ajIva, Asrava, bandha, saMvara nirjarA aura mokSa ina sAta tattvoM kA sAMgopAMga vivecana UhApoha pUrvaka kiyA gayA hai| isameM vArtika jade haiM aura unakI vyAkhyA bhI judI hai / isa vyAkhyA kA bhASya rUpa se ullekha kiyA gayA hai / grantha kI puSpikAoM meM isakA nAma tattvArthavAtika vyAkhyAnAlakAra diyA gayA hai / devandI (pUjyapAda) kI tattvArthavRtti (sarvArtha siddhi) kA bahubhAga isameM malavAtika rUpa meM samAviSTa ho gayA hai| akalaMka deva ke isa bhApya grantha ko bhASA atyanta sarala hai| jaba ki anya praSTa zato, nyAyavinizcaya, pramANa saMgrahAdi granthoM kI saskRta bhASA atyanta kliSTa hai| yadi aSTazatI para aSTa sahasro TokA na hotI to usakA artha samajhanA atyanta kaThina hotA / prastuta bhAgya meM dvAdazAMga ke nirUpaNa meM kriyAvAdI prakriyAvAdI aura AjJAnika prAdi meM jina sAkalya, vAkala, kuthumi, kaTha mAdhyandina, moda, pappalAda, gAgyaM modgalyAyana, prAzvalAyana, Adi RSiyoM ke nAma diye hai| ve saba RgvedAdi ke zAkhARSi hai| isa vArtika bhASya ke aneka sthaloM meM SaTkhaNDAgama ke sUtra aura mahAbandha ke vAkya uddhRta kiye gaye hai ora uname sati baiThAI gaI hai| yaha eka aisA Akaragrantha hai jisameM saiddhAntika, bhaugolika aura dArzanika sabhI carcAe yathAsthAna milatI haiN| grantha meM sarvatra anekAnta daSTi kA prayoga hone se aisA jAna par3atA hai, jaise saiddhAntika tattva prarohoM kI rakSA ke liye anekAnta ko vADa hI lagAI gaI ho, sarvatra bhedAbheda, nityAnityatva aura ekAnekatva ke samarthana kA krama anekAnta prakriyA se yukta dRSTigocara hotA hai / svarUpa catuSTaya ke gyAraha bAraha prakAra, sakalAdeza vikalAdeza kA vistRta prayoga tathA sapta bhaMgIkA vizada aura vividha vivecana isI grantha meM apanI viziSTa zailI se milatA hai| yoniprAbhUta, vyAkhyAprajJapti, vyAkhyAprajJapti daNDaka Adi kA usameM ullekha kiyA gayA hai| jisase spaSTa pratibhAsita hotA hai ki akalaMka deva vidyAke kSetra meM adhika se adhika sagrAhaka bhI the| tattvArthAdhi gama nAmaka bhASya bhI akalaMka deva ke sAmane rahA hai| aura bhI kaI TIkA grantha sAmane rahe haiN| grantha meM dignAga ke pratyakSa lakSaNa-kalpanApor3ha kA khaNDana hai para dharmakItikRta 'abhrAnta" pada viziSTa pratyakSa kA lakSaNa nahIM / yadyapi dharmakIrti kI 'santAnAntara siddhi' kA Adyazloka buddhipUrvA kriyA' uddhata 1. dhavalATIkA, nyAya kumuda pR0 646

Page #184
150 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 hai phira bhI aisA jAna par3atA hai jaise tatvArtha vArtika kI racanA ke samaya dharmakIti ke pratya prakaraNa prakalaMka deva ke adhyayana meM usa samaya taka na Aye hoN| isI kAraNa yaha grantha unakA prathama grantha jAna par3atA hai / yaha acche vaiyyAkaraNa bhI the| sUtroM meM zabdoM kI sArthakatA tathA vyutpatti karane meM unake isa rUpa ke khUba darzana hote haiN| yadyapi ve sarvatra pUjyapAda ke jainendra vyAkaraNa kA uddharaNa dete haiM / parantu pANini aura pataMjali ke bhASya ko bhI bhUle nahIM haiN| bhUgola aura khagola ke vivecana meM tiloya paNNattI unake sAmane rahI hai| donoM meM kitanA hI kathana samAna milatA hai / vAstava meM yaha bhApya tattvArthasUtra kI upalabdha TIkAoM meM mUrdhanya aura Akara grantha hai / akalaMka deva kI prajJA ke isameM viziSTa darzana hote haiM / isa bhASya meM janetara granthoM ke aneka uddharaNa milate haiM / isase usakI mahattA kA sahaja hI anubhava ho jAtA hai / tattvArthasUtra para aisA anya koI dUsarA bhASya upalabdha nahIM hai praSTazatI ___ yaha prAcArya samantabhadra kRta 'prApta mImAMsA' aparanAma' 'devAgama stotra' kI saMkSipta vRtti hai| jaina darzana meM prAptamImAMsA kA viziSTa gauravapUrNa sthAna haiN| isameM anekAnta aura saptabhaMgI kA acchA vivecana hai| isakA pramANa 800 zloka jitanA hai isI se ise aSTazatI kahA jAtA hai| isa apTazatI para AcArya vidyAnanda kI 'praSTa sahasrI' nAma kI TokA hai| jo suvarNa meM maNivat Age-poche ke vyAkhyA vAkyoM meM aSTazatI ko jar3atI calI jAtI hai| vidyAnanda ne svayaM apanI usa aSTazato bhina aSTa sahastroM meM likhA hai ki yaha praSTa-sahasrI kaSTa sahasrI se banapAI hai| jaisA ki unake vAkya se spaSTa hai : 'zrotavyA aNTa sahasrI zrutaiH kimanyaiH sahasrasaMkhyAnaH / isameM mUla AptamImAMsA meM Aye hue sadekAnta asadekAnta, bhedakAnta, abhedakAnta, nityakAnta, kSaNikaikAnta Adi ekAntoM kI AlocanA karate hue puNya-pApa bandha ko carcA kI hai| ina saba ekAntoM kI AlocanA meM praSTazatI meM una-una ekAntavAdiyoM ke mantavya pUrvapakSa meM sAdhAra diye hai / aura AjJA pradhAniyoM ke devAgama aura mAkAzagamana prAdi ke dvArA prApta ke mahatva khyApana kI praNAlI kI AlocanA kara prAptamImAMsA ke AdhAra se vItarAga sarvajJa ko prApta siddha kiyA hai, aura yUkti se Agama avirodhI vacana vAlA batalAyA hai| isI kathana meM anya AptoM ke ekAntavAda kI carcA bhI nihita hai / aura anta meM pramANa aura naya kI carcA kI hai| laghIyastraya savivRtti yaha choTe-choTe tIna prakaraNoM kA saMgraha hai| isa grantha meM tIna praveza haiM / pramANa praveza, naya praveza aura pravacana praveza / isameM kula 78 mUla kArikAeM haiM / akalaMka deva ne laghIstraya para eka vivRtti likho hai| yaha vivRtti kArikAoM kI vyAkhyA rUpa na hokara usameM sUcita viSayoM kI pUraka hai / unhoMne yaha vivRtti kArikAoM ke sAtha hI likhI hai kyoMki ve jo padArtha kahanA cAhate haiM usake amuka aMza ko zloka meM kahakara zeSa ko vivRtti meM kahate haiN| ata: usakA na ma vRtti na hokara vivatti - vizeSa vivaraNa hI upayukta hai / viSaya kI dRSTi se padya aura gadya mila kara hI grantha kI akhaNDatA banAte haiN| laghIstraya meM chaha pariccheda haiM, jinameM carcita mukhya viSaya nimna prakAra haiN| prathama pariccheda meM samyagjJAna kI pramANatA, pratyakSa parokSa ke lakSaNa, pratyakSa ke sAMvyavahArika aura mukhya do bheda, sAMvyavahArika ke indriya pratyakSa aura anindriya pratyakSa bheda, aura mukhya ke pravagrahAdi bheda, pUrva pUrvajJAnI kI pramANatA Adi kA vivecana hai| dvitIya pariccheda meM dravya paryAyAtmaka vastu kI prameyarUpatA, nityakAnta paura kSaNikakAnta meM arthakriyA kA prabhAva prAdi prameya sambandhI carcA hai| tatIya pariccheda meM mati smRti saMjJA cintA aura abhinibodha Adi kA zabda yojanA se pUrva pravasthA meM, tathA zabda yojanA ke bAda zrutavyapadeza, smRti pratyabhijJAna tarka aura anumAna kA parokSatva, pratyabhijJAna meM upamAna

Page #185
pAMcavIM zatAbdI se AThavI zatAbdI taka ke AcArya 151 kA antarbhAva, kAraNa pUrvacara aura uttaracara hetuproM kA samarthana, adRzyAnupalabdhi se bhI prabhAva ko siddhi aura vikalpa buddhi kI vAstavikatA prAdi parokSa pramANa sambandhI viSayoM kI carcA hai| cauthe pariccheda meM jJAna kI aikAntika pramANatA yA apramANatA kA niSedha karake pramANAbhAsa kA svarUpa, zrata kI pramANatA, aura pAgama pramANa Adi viSayoM kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| pAMcaveM pariccheda meM naya durnaya ke lakSaNa, nayoM ke dravyAthika paryAyAthika Adi bheda, aura nagamAdi nayoM meM arthanaya zabdanaya prAdi ke vibhAga kA vivecana hai| chaThe pariccheda meM pramANa aura naya kA vicAra karate hae artha aura Aloka kI jJAna kAraNatA kA khaMDana tathA sakalAdeza vikalAdeza kA vicAra aura pramANa nayAdi kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| isa taraha yaha grantha akalaMka deva kI pahalI maulika dArzanika kRti hai| nyAyavinizcaya savRtti prastuta grantha meM 480 zloka haiM / aura tIna pariccheda hai- pratyakSa, anumAna, aura pravacana / sambhava hai, akalaMka deva ne isa para bhI koI cUNi yA vRti likhI hogI / DA. mahendra kumAra jI ne usake prApta karane kA prayatna kiyA thA, kintu kheda hai ki vaha upalabdha nahIM huI / prathama pariccheda meM pratyakSa kA lakSaNa likha kara pratyakSa ke do bheda indriya pratyakSa aura atIndriya pratyakSa ke lakSaNAdi kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| dharmakIti sammata pratyakSa lakSaNa kI samAlocanA, tathA bauddhakalpita svasavedanayogi mAnasa pratyakSa kA nirAkaraNa karate hae sAMkhya aura naiyAyika sammata pratyakSa lakSaNa kA nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| dUsare pariccheda meM anumAna kA lakSaNa, sAdhya-sAdhyAbhAsa aura sAdhana sAdhanAbhAsa ke lakSaNa, hetu ke rUpya kA khaMDana karate hue anyathAnupapatti kA samarthana, prasiddha, viruddha, anaikAntika aura akiJcitakara hetvAbhAsoM Adi kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| aura anumAna se sambandhita viSayoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| tIsare pravacana prastAva meM pravacana kA svarUpa, sugata ke prAptatva kA nirAkaraNa, sugata ke karuNAvatva tathA caturArtha pratipAdakatva kA parihAsa, pAgama ke apauruSeyatva kA khaNDana, sarvajJatva samarthana, mokSa aura satabhaMgI kA nirUpaNa, syAdvAda meM diye jAne vAle saMzayAdi doSoM kA parihAra, smRti pratyabhijJAna Adi kA prAmANya aura pramANa ke phalAdi viSayoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| isa grantha para prAcArya vAdirAja kA vistata vivaraNa upalabdha hai, jo nyAya vinizcaya vivaraNa ke nAma se prasiddha hai, aura jo bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzI se do bhAgoM meM prakAzita ho cukA hai| vAdirAja ne usake racanA kAla kA ullekha nahIM kiyaa| vAdirAja kA paricaya anyatra diyA hai| unakA samaya zaka saM0 647 (san 1025) hai| siddhivinizcaya-akalaMkadeva kI yaha mahatvapUrNa kRti hai| isameM 12 prastAva haiM jinameM pramANanaya aura nikSepa kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| unake nAma isa prakAra haiM-1. pratyakSasiddhi (2) savikalpasiddhi (3) pramANAntara siddhi (4) jIvasiddhi (5) jalpasiddhi (6) hetulakSaNa siddhi (7) zAstrasiddhi (8) sarvajJasiddhi (8) zabdasiddhi (10) arthanayasiddhi (11) zabdanayasiddhi (12) aura nikSepasiddhi / ina prastAvoM ke nAmoM se unake viSayoM kA parijJAna ho jAtA hai| DA. mahendra kumAra jI ne kramika vikAsa kI dRSTi se inheM cAra vibhAgoM meM bAMTA hai(1) pramANa mImAMsA, (2) prameya mImAMsA, (3) naya mImAMsA aura (4) nikSepa mImAMsA / pramANa mImAMsA-isameM pramANa aura usake bheda-prabhedoM kA tathA pratyakSa siddhi, savikalpa siddhi, sarvajJasiddhi pramANAntara siddhi, aura hetu lakSaNa siddhi, inameM pratipAdita pramANa sambandhI viSayoM kA sAra diyA gayA hai| aura darzanAntarIya granthoM meM mAne jAne vAle pramANa kI mImAMsA kI gaI hai| prameya mImAMsA-isameM jIvasiddhi aura zabda siddhi meM pratipAdita prameya sambandhI sAmAnya svarUpa kA kathana kiyA gayA hai / jaina paramparA meM prameya-dravyoM ke do bheda haiM--cetanadravya aura acetana dravya / cetanadravya AtmA yA jIva hai usakA lakSaNa jJAtA dRSTA hai / paura pracetana dravya pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla ke bheda se pAMcaprakAra ke haiM /

Page #186
152 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 pudgala dravya-rUpa-rasa, gandha aura sparza vAle paramANu pudgala dravya hai / ve ananta haiM / pudgala paramANu jaba skandha banate hai taba unakA rAsAyanika bandha ho jAtA hai| usa skandha meM jitane pUdagala paramANa sambaddha haiM una sabakA eka jaisA pariNamana ho jAtA hai| prora usI pariNamana ke anusAra skandha meM rUpa vizeSa aura rasa vizeSa kA vyavahAra hotA hai / samasta jagata inhI pudgala paramANuoM se nirmita huA / prati samaya koI na koI pariNamana karane kA unakA svabhAva hai / pudgala zabda kA artha hI pUraNa aura galana hai| dharma dravya-yaha eka lokavyApI amUrta dravya hai jo gamanazIla jIva aura pudgaloM kI gati meM sahAyaka hotA hai / yaha preraka nimitta nahIM kintu udAsIna nimitta hai| adharma dravya-yaha eka loka vyApI amUrta dravya hai jo sthitizIla jIva aura pudgaloM kI sthiti meM sahAyaka hotA hai / yaha bhI udAsIna nimitta hai| prAkAza dravya-yaha eka ananta amUrta dravya hai, jisameM samasta dravyoM kA pravagAha hotA hai| dravyoM ke pravasthAna kI apekSA isake do bheda hai / jahA~ taka jIvAdika pAye jAye vaha lokAkAza hai aura jahAM kevala AkAza hI prAkAza hai vaha prAlokAkAza hai|| kAla drabya-lokAkAza vyApI asaMkhya kAlANa dravya hai, jo svayaM to pariNamana karate hI haiM kintu anya dravyoM ke pariNamana meM bhI nimitta hote haiN| ghar3I, ghaNTA dina Adi kAla vyavahAra inhIM ke nimitta se hotA hai| jIva dravya-upayoga rUpa hai, amUrta hai, kartA hai, aura bhoktA hai, svadeha parimANa hai samArI pora middhi ho jAtA hai| svabhAva se UrdhvagamanazIla hai| jIva kA svabhAva caitanya hai, vahI caitanya jJAna prora dargana avasthAoM meM pariNata hotA hai / jIva ko sabhI jIvavAdI amUrta mAnate hai / jIva ke do bheda hai sasArI ora mukta / kintu jaina paramparA meM saMsArI rAvasthA meM sadA karma pudgaloM se badhe rahane ke kAraNa use vyavahAra dRSTi se mUrta mAnA jAtA hai| saMsArI avasthA meM jaba usakI vaibhAvika zakti kA vikAra pariNamana hotA hai taba AtmA ko kathaMcita mUrta bhI mAnA gayA hai / use svayaM kartA aura bhoktA bhI mAnA hai| je va anAdi kAla se karma pudgaloM se baddha calA A rahA hai / isI kAraNa vaha kathacit mUrta hai / aura karmAnumAra prApta choTe-bar3e zarIra ke anusAra saMkoca aura vikAsa karake usa zarIra ke pramANa AkAra vAlA hotA hai / vaha svabhAvataH amUrta dravya hai aura pudgala me bhinna hai| aura vAsanAoM ke kAraNa saMsAra avasthA meM vikRta ho rahA hai| ataH samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakacAritra prAdi prayatnoM se dhIredhIre zUddha hokara karma bandhana se mukta ho jAtA hai| usa samaya usakA AkAra antima zarIra jesA hI raha jAtA hai; kyoki jIva ke pradezoM meM sakoca aura vikAsa donoM hI kama ke sambandha se hote the| jaba karmabandhana chaTa gayA taba jIva ke pradezo ke phailane kA koI kAraNa nahI rahatA / ata: vaha antima zarIra se kucha nyUna AkAravAlA raha jAtA hai| naya mImAMsA-meM naya ke svarUpa kA kathana karate hae, usake bheda-prabhedoM kI carcA kI gaI hai| anekAntAtmaka vastu ke eka-eka aMza ko viSama karane vAle abhiprAya vizeSa pramANa ko santAna haiM, unameM yadi para apekSA hai to ve sunaya hai / anyathA durnaya / anekAtmaka vastu ke amuka aza ko mukhya bhAva se grahaNa karake bho anya aMzoM kA nirAkaraNa nahIM karatA kintu usake prati taTasthabhAva rakhatA hai| jaise pitA kI sampatti meM usake sabhI putroM kA samAna haka hotA hai / sapUta vahI kahA jAtA hai, jo apane bhAiyoM ke haka ko ImAnadArI se svIkAra karatA har3apane kI ceSTA nahI krtaa| kintu unake sAtha sadbhAva rakhatA hai| usI taraha ananta dharmAtmaka vastu meM sabhI nayoM kA samAna adhikAra hai, unameM sunaya vahI kahA jAyegA, jo apane aMza ko mukhya rUpa se grahaNa karake bhI anya ke azoM kA gauNa kare, para unakA nirAkaraNa na kare, unakI apekSA ko ora unake astitva ko svIkAra karatA hai| kintu jo dUsare kA nirAkaraNa karatA hai, aura apanA hI adhikAra jamAtA hai vaha kUpUta kI taraha durnaya kahalAtA hai / isI se prAcArya samantabhadra ne nirapekSa naya ko mithyA aura sApekSa naya ko samyaka batalAyAyA hai| 1. nirapekSa, nayAmithyA mApekSA vstute'rthkRt| AptamImAMsA zloka 18

Page #187
pAMcavIM zatAbdI se AThavIM zatAbdI taka ke AcArya 153 jisa taraha paTa ke tAnA aura bAnA donoM hI alaga-alaga nirapekSa raha kara zIta nivAraNa nahIM kara sakate / kintu jaba tAnA bAnA sApekSa hokara paTa kA rUpa dhAraNa kara lete haiM, taba ve dAta ke nivAraNa meM samartha ho jAte hai usI taraha niyatavAdoM kA Agraha rakhane vA parasAra nirapekSa naya samyaktatva ko nahIM pA skte| kinta gayAM yadi eka sUtra meM na piroI gaI hoM, pIra na paraspara ghaTaka hoM, to ve ratnAvalI nahIM kahalA sktiiN| jisa taraha eka sUtra meM piroI gaI maNiyAM ratnAvalI hAra bana jAtI haiN| usI taraha sabhI naya sApekSa hokara samyakapane ko prApta ho jAte haiN| nikSepa mImAMsA-meM nikSepa kA svarUpa aura usake bhedoM kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| nikSepa ke cAra bheda haiM, nAma sthApanA, dravya aura bhAva / unakA prayojana aprakRta kA nirAkaraNa, prakRta kA nirUpaNa, sazaya kA vinAza aura tattvArtha ke nizcaya karane meM nikSepa kI sArthakatA hai|' ananta dharmAtmaka vastu ko vyavahAra meM lAne ke liye nikSepa kA prayojana aAvazyaka hai| gUNa rahita vastu meM vyavahAra ke lie apanI icchA se kI gaI saMjJA nAma hai| kATa karma, pUstakarma, citra karma aura akSanikSapa meM yaha vahI hai isa prakAra sthApita karane ko sthApanA kahate haiN| jo gaNoM dvArA prApta kiyA jAyegA yA prApta hogA vaha dravya hai jaise rAjaputra ko rAjA kahanA / bhaviSyat paryAya kI yogyatA yA atIta-paryAya ke nimitta se hone vAle vyavahAra kA prAdhAra dravya nikSepa he| jaige jisakA gajya calA gayA, use vartamAna meM rAjA kahanA athavA yuvarAja ko abhI rAjA khnaa| vartamAna paryAya viziSTa dravya meM tatparyAya malaka kA vyavahAra kA prAdhAra bhAva nikSepa hai| isa saba saMkSipta kathana se grantha kI mahattA kA AbhAsa mila jAtA hai / isa taraha akalaMka deva kI kRtiyAM jaina zAsana kI mahatvapUrNa aura mUlyavAna kRtiyAM haiN| pramANa saMgraha-isa grantha kA jaisA nAma hai tadanusAra usameM pramANoM, yuktiyoM kA saMgraha hai| isa grantha kI bhASA aura viSaya donoM hI jaTila aura durUha haiN| yaha laghIstraya aura nyAyavinizcaya se kaThina hai| grantha prameya bahala hai| lagatA hai isakI racanA nyAya vinizcaya ke bAda kI gaI hai, kyoMki isake kaI prastAvoM ke anta meM nyAya vinizcaya kI aneka kArikAeM vinA kisI upakrama vAkya ke pAI jAtI haiM / isa grantha kI nomi kArikA meM prayakta'prakalaMka mahIyasAm' vAkya to akalaMka deva kA sUcaka hai hI, kintu isakI praur3ha zailI bhI ise akalaMka deva kI antima kRti batalAtI hai, kAraNa ki isakI vicAradhArA gahana ho gaI hai / jAna par3atA hai isameM unhoMne apane ava. zipTa vicAroM ko rakhane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| isameM hetuoM ko upalabdhi anupalabdhi grAdi aneka bhedoM kA vistata vivecana kiyA gayA hai| jAna par3atA he isa para prAcArya anantavIyaM kRta pramANa saMgrahAlaMkAra nAma ko koI kA rahI hai jisakA ullekha anantavIrya ne svayaM kiyA hai| pramANa saMgraha meM prastAva aura sAr3he satAsI 873 kArikAeM haiN| isa para akalaMka deva ne kArikAmA atirikta pUraka vRtti bhI likhI hai| isa taraha gadya-padyamaya isa graMtha kA pramANa lagabhaga apTazato ke barAbara ho ho jAtA hai| prathama prastAva meM 6 kArikAyeM haiN| jinameM pratyakSa kA lakSaNa zruta kA pratyakSa anumAna cora AgamapUrvaka, praura pramANa kA phala Adi kA nirUpaNa hai| dUsare prastAva meM bhI kArikAya haiM, jinameM parIkSa ke bheTa smati, pratyabhijJAna aura tarka Adi kA nirUpaNa hai| tIsare prastAva meM 10 kArikAnoM dvArA anumAna ke avayava, sAdhya sAdhana sAdhyAbhAsa kA lakSaNa, sadasadekAnta meM sAdhya prayoga kI asambhavatA, sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka vastu ko sAdhyatA aura usameM diye jAne vAle saMzayAni pATha doSoM ke nirAkaraNa prAdi kA kathana hai| 1. avagayariNavAraNaThaM payadasya parUvaNA riNa mitta ca / saMzayaviNAsaNa? taccatthavadhAraNaTTa ca / / -dhavalA0 pu01pR0 31 / 2. siddhi vinizcaya TIkA pR08, 10, 130 Adi

Page #188
154 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa bApa-2 cauthe prastAva meM sAr3e gyArahakAnoM dvArA trirUpa kA nirAkaraNa, anyathA nupapattirUpa hetu kA samarthana, paura hetu ke upalabdhi anupalabdhi Adi bhedoM kA vivecana tathA kAraNa, pUrvacara, uttaracara, paura sahacara hetumoM samarthana pAMcaveM prastAva meM sAr3e dazakArikAmoM meM viruddhAdi hetvAbhAsoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| chaThe prastAva meM 123 kArikAroM dvArA vAda kA lakSaNa, jaya-parAjaya vyavasthA kA svarUpa, jAti kA lakSaNa prAdi vAda sambandhi kathana diyA hai| aura anta meM dharmakIrti prAdi dvArA prativAdiyoM ke prati jAbyAdi apazabdoM ke prayoga kA sabala uttara diyA hai| sAtaveM prastAva meM 10 kArikAoM meM pravacana kA lakSaNa, sarvajJatA kA samarthana, apauruSeyatva kA khaMDana, tattvajJAna cAritra kI mokSa hetutA prAdi pravacana sambandhI viSayoM kA vivecana kiyA hai| pAThave prastAva meM 13 kArikAoM meM saptabhaMgI kA nirUpaNa aura negamAdinayoM kA kathana hai| nauve prastAva meM 2 kArikAoM dvArA pramANa naya aura nikSepa kA upasaMhAra kiyA gayA hai| isa taraha yaha graMtha apanI khAsa vizeSatA rakhatA hai| sva0 nyAyAcArya paM. mahendra kumAra jI ne prakalaMka deva kI isa mahatvapUrNa kRtikA sampAdana kara jaina saMskRti kA bar3A upakAra kiyA hai| yaha graMtha prakalaMka granthatraya meM prakAzita hai| isa taraha makalaka deva kI sabhI kRtiyA~ mahatvapUrNa haiN| aura akalaMka kI yaha jaina nyAya ko apUrva dena hai| akalaGka nAma ke anya vidvAna prakalaMka nAma ke aneka vidvAna ho gae haiM / jaina sAhitya meM prakalaMka nAma ke aneka vidvAnoM kA ullekha milatA hai| unakA yahAM saMkSipta paricaya diyA jAtA hai: prakalaMkacandra - nandi saMgha-sarasvatIgaccha, balAtkAragaNa, mora kundakundAnvaya kI paTTAvalI ke 73veM guru, varddhamAna kI kIrti ke pazcAt aura lalita kItike pUrva ullikhita ukta paTTAvalI ke anusAra inakA samaya 11961200 IsvI hai| -(gvAliyara paTTAntargata) akalaGka vidya-mUlasaMgha dezIyagaNa pustaka gaccha koNDa kundAnvaya ke kolhApurIya mAghanandi ke praziSya, devakIti, (jinakA vAsa 1163 I0 meM hamA) ke ziSya, zubhacandra vidyadeva aura gaNDavimuktavAdi ca mukha vidya ke sadharmA, mANikya bhaMDAri mariyAne, mahApradhAna daNDanAyaka bharata paura zrIkaraNa haiggaDe bUcimayya ke garuvAdi vajrAMkuza prakalaMka vidya the| inakA samaya vikrama kI 12vIM zatAbdI hai| prakakalaM paNDita-inakA ullekha zravaNa belagolastha candragiri zilAlekha naM0 166 meM, jo IsvI sana 1098 meM utkIrNa humA hai pAyA jAtA hai| kaba-inhoMne daviDa saMgha nandyAnvaya ke vAdirAja muni ke ziSya mahAmaNDalAcArya rAjaguru puSpasena mani ke sAtha zaka saM0 1178 (san 1256) meM hummaca meM samAdhi maraNa kiyA thaa| yaha sambhavataH muni pUSAsana ke sadharmA the| aura inake ziSya guNasena saiddhAntika the| prakalaMkamunipa-nandisaMca-balAtkAragaNa ke jayakIrti ke ziSya, candraprabha ke sagharmA, vijayakIti. pAlyanIti vimalakIti, zrIpAlakIrti aura mAryikA candramatI ke guru the| saMgItapurapareza mAlukdevarAya inakA bhakta thA / baMkApura meM inhoMne nRpa mAdana ellapa ke madonmatta pradhAna gajendra ko apane spokla se zAnta kiyA thaa| isakA svargavAsa zaka saM0 1417 (san 1535 I0) meM huA thaa| 1. zravaNa belagola zi0 na0 (64) pR0 28, nyAya kumudacanda bhA.1 prastA0 pR0 25 / 2. zravaNa velagola zi0 na0 166 pR. 306 / 3. epImAphiyA, kATikA, 8, nAgara (44) 4. prazasti saMgraha ArA pR0 126, 130 /

Page #189
pA~cavIM zatAbdI se AThavIM zatAbdI taka AcArya 155 akalaMka deva-mUlasaMgha dezoyagaNa pustakagaccha kunda-kundAnvaya meM zravaNa belgola maTha ke cArukIrti paMDita ko ziSya paramparA meM utpanna tathA saMgItapura (hAihalli dakSiNI kanArAjilA) ke maThAdhIza bhaTThAraka the| yaha karNATaka zabdAnuzAsana ke kartA bhaTTAkalaMka deva ke guru, aura sambhavatayA prakalaMka munipa ke praziSya the| inakA samaya san 1550-75 I0 ke lagabhaga hai| (dekho aMgrejI jaina gajaTa 1923 I0 pR0 217) prakalaMkadeva (bhaTAkalaMka deva)-yaha malasaMgha dezIgaNa ke vidvAna sadhApUra ke bhadrAraka, vijaya nareza patirAya (1586-1615 I0) se samADhata tathA karNATaka zabdAnuzAsana nAmaka prasiddha kanar3I vyakaraNa aura maMjarI makaranda zomakRta saMvatsara zaka saM0 1526 sana 1604 I0 meM samApta kiyA) ke racayitA the| rAya bahAdura mAra narasiMhAcArya ke kathanAnusAra yaha vibhinna sampradAyoM ke nyAyazAstra meM niSNAta the|-ek nipUNa TIkAkAra tathA saMskRta aura kannaDa ubhaya bhASAoM ke vyAkaraNa ke mahA paNDita the| tatkAlIna aneka rAjAroM kI sabhAmroM meM bAda meM vijaya prApta kara jainadharma ko mahato prabhAvanA ko thii| rAjAbalI kathaM ke kartA devacanna ke anusAra inhoMne sudhApura meM hI vivivajJAna-vijJAna ko zikSA prApta kI thii| yaha chaha bhASAoM meM kavitA kara sakate the| yaha karNATaka zabdAnuzAsana kI racanA dvArA lokapriya the| inakA samaya vikrama kI 17vI zatAbdI kA antima caraNa (1672) hai| (dekho, pAra0 narasihAcArya karNATaka zabdAnuzAsana kI bhUmikA, karNATaka vicArate, aura rAjAvali kathe / ) akalaMka munipa-dezIgaNa pustakagaccha ke kanakagiri (kArkala) ke bhaTTAraka the| zaka saM0 1735 (vi0 saM01870) san 1813 I0 meM inhoMne samAdhimaraNa kiyA thaa| (epi0 karNATikA 4 cAmarAjanagara 146aura 150) prakAzaMka deva-inheM prakalaMka pratiSThA pATha yA pratiSThAkalpa ke racayitA kahA jAtA hai| isa grantha meM havoM zatAbdI se lekara somasena ke trivarNAcAra (upalabdha prAcInatama prati) 1702 I0 ke ullekha yA uddharaNa Adi pAye jAte haiM / prataH inakA samaya 18vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha ho sakatA hai| __(prazasti sa0 pArA pR0 165,168, 180 / ) prakalaMka-'paramAgamasAra' nAmaka kannar3a grantha ke rcyitaa| (dekho, jaina si0 bha0 pArA kI grantha sUcI pR018) akalaMka-caityavandanAdi pratikramaNa sUtra, sAdha zrAddha pratikramaNa aura padaparyAya maMjarI Adi ke kartA / nyAya kumudacanda prastAvanA pR050 paravAdimalla yaha apane samaya ke bahuta bar3e vidvAna the| inakI guru paramparA jJAta nahIM huii| para yaha paravAdimalla ke rUpa meM prasiddha the| malliSeNa prazAsti meM patravAdI vimalacandra aura indranandi ke varNana ke pazcAta ghaTavAda ghaTA koTi. koviMda paravAdi malladeva kA stavana kiyA gayA hai| aura rAjA zubhatuga kI sabhA meM unhI ke mukha se apane nAma kI sArthakatA isa prakAra batalAI gaI hai ; ghaTa-bAda-ghaTA-koTi-kovidaH kovidA prabAka: paravAvimalla-devo deva eva na sNshyH||29 yeneyamAtmanAmadheryAnaruktiruktAnAma pRSThavantaM kRSNarAja prati / gahIta pakSaH ditaraH paraH syAt tadvAdinaste para vAdinaH syuH| teSAM hI mallaH paravAdimallaH tannAma mannAma vadanti santaH // 26 isa ullekha para se spaSTa hai ki IsA kI 12vIM zatAbdI ke prArambha meM paravAdimalla kI gaNanA mahAnavAdI aura prAcIna mAcAryoM meM kI jAtI thii| parantu usa samaya loga unake mUla nAma ko bhUla cuke the| paravAdImalla prakalaMka deva kI parampa rA ke vidvAna jAna par3ate haiN|

Page #190
156 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 paravAdimalla ke samakAlIna rAjA, jisakI sabhA meM unhoMne apane nAma kI sArthakatA prakaTa kI thI, rASTrakaTa rAjA kRSNarAja prathama zubhatuga (757-773) thA / saMbhava hai inhIM paravAdimala ne dharmottara kRta nyAyavindu TippaNa para TIkA likhI ho| ataeva ina paravAdi malla prathama kA samaya 770 ye 800 ke lagabhaga ho sakatA hai| yaha prazasti mallipaNa muni ke zaka saM0 1050 (san 1128) meM unake zarIra tyAga karane kI smRti meM utkIrNa kI gaI thii| ukta prazasti me akalaka kA sAhasatuga kI sabhA meM vAdiyoM ko apane nAma ke artha kA karanA isa bAta kA sAkSI hai ka prazastikAra ina do rAjAoM ko pRthaka samajhate the| isa prazasti meM aneka prAcIna prAcAryoM ke nAmoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| mahAvAdI samantabhadra, mahAdhyAnI siMhanandi, SaNmAsavAdI vakragrIva, navastrotakArI vajranandi, vilakSaNakadarthana ke kartA pAtrakesarI guru, sumati saptaka ke racayitA sumatideva, mahAprabhAvazAlI kamAramena, muni zreSTha cintAmaNi, daNDi kavi dvArA smata kavi car3AmaNi zrI vardhadeva, aura saptativAda vijetA mahezvara muni ke bAda ghaTAvatIrNa tArAdevI ke vijetA akalaMka deva kA stavana kiyA gayA hai| isase isa prazasti kI mahattA spapTa hai| raviSaNAcArya raviSeNAcArya-ne apane sagha pAra gaNa-gacchAdi kA koI ullekha nahI kiyaa| parantu senAnta nAma hone se ve senasaba ke vidvAna jAna par3ate hai| inhoMne apanA guru paramparA kA ullekha nimna prakAra prakaTa kiyA hai : prAsodindraguro divAkara yatiH ziSyo'sya cAhanmuni stasmAllakSmaNasena sanmuniradaH ziSyo ravistu smRtam // indra guru ke divAkara yati, divAkara yati ke arhanmuni, arhanmuni ke lakSmaNasena, ora lakSmaNasena ke ziSya raviSeNa the| isake sivAya inhoMne apanA kaM 3 paricaya nahI diyaa| aura na yahI sUcita kiyA ki ve kisa prAnta ke nivAsI the| inake mAtApitA kauna the, kA gRhastha jIvana kaisA rahA? aura mUnijIvana kaba dhAraNa kiyA aura usameM kyA kucha kArya kiyaa| isakA ka I ulelkha upalabdha nahIM hotaa| ApakI eka mAtra kRti padma carita yA balabhadra caritra hai| jo saMskRta bhASA kA eka sundara caritra grantha hai| isameM 123 parva haiM jinakI zloka saMkhyA bIsa hajAra ke lagabhaga hai| grantha meM vosarva tIrthakara mUnimuvrata ke tIrtha meM hone vAle balabhadra yA rAma kA carita varNita hai| maryAdA ruSottama rAmacandra itane adhika loka priya hae haiM ki unakA varNana bhAratIya sAhitya meM hI nahIM kintu bhArata se bAhara ke sAhitya meM bhI pAyA jAtA hai| aura saMskRta prAkRta apabhraMza Adi prAcIna bhASAoM meM aura prAntIyabhApAyoM meM bhI unakA jIvana-paricaya nibaddha milatA hai| AcArya raviNa ne likhA hai ki tIrthakara varddhamAnane padma mUni kA jo carita kahA thA vahI indrabhUtigaNadhara ne dhAriNI putra sudharmako kahA, aura sudharma ne jaMbU svAmI se kahA / ora vahI prAcArya paramparA se pAtA hamA uttara vAgmI aura zrepTa vaktA kIrtidhara prAcArya ko prApta huaa| unake likhe hue caritra ko pAkara raviSeNa ne yaha prayatna kiyA hai| itanA hI nahIM kintu antima 123ve parva ke 166ve zloka meM unhoMne isI prakAra ullekha kiyA 1. varddhamAna jinendroktaH mo'yamoM gaNezvarama / indrabhUti pariprApta mudha : dhArigI bhavam / / 41 prabhava kramataH kIrti tato'nuttara vAgminam / likhata namya samprApya raveyaMtlo'yamudagataH // 42 //

Page #191
pAMcavIM zatAbdI se AThavIM zatAbdI taka ke AcArya 157 nirdiSTaM sakalamatena bhuvanaH zrIvaddhamAnena yat / tattvaM vAsava bhUtinA nigaditaM jamboH praziSyasya ca / ziSyeNottara vAgminA prakaTitaM papasya battaM muneH / zreyaH sAdhu samAdhi vRddhi karaNaM sarvottamaM maGgalam // 166 apabhraMza bhASA ke kavi svayaMbhUne padma carita ke prAdhAra se "kittihareNa anuttaravAeM" vAkya ke sAtha anuttara vAgmI zreSTha vaktA kIrtidhara kA ullekha kiyA hai| parantu premI jI ne isakA koI ullekha nahIM kiyaa| isase spaSTa hai ki raviSeNa ne padmamuni kA carita kIrtidhara nAma ke prAcArya ke dvArA likhita kisI grantha para se le liyA hai aura usI ke anusAra isakI racanA kI gaI hai| para kIrtidhara AcArya kA anya koI ullekha isa samaya upalabdha nahIM hai / aura na anyatra se usakA samarthana hotA hai / jAna par3atA hai unakA yaha grantha vinaSTa ho gayA hai / isa taraha bahuta sA prAcIna sAhitya sadA ke liye lupta ho gayA hai| __yahAM yaha avazya vicAraNIya hai ki vimala sUri ke 'paumacaritra' ke sAtha raviSeNa kI isa racanA kA bahata kucha sAmya aneka sthaloM para dikhAI detA hai / idhara paumacariya kA vaha racanA kAla bhI saMdigdha hai| vaha usa kAla kI racanA nahIM hai / prazasti meM jo paramparA dI gaI hai usakA bhI samarthana anyatra se nahIM ho rahA hai / grantha kI bhASA aura racanA zailI ko dekhate hue vaha usa kAla kI racanA nahIM jAna pdd'tii| usa samaya mahArASTrIya prAkRta kA itanA prAMjala rUpa sAhityika racanA meM upalabdha nahIM hotaa| aura grantha ke pratyeka uddezya ke anta meM gAriNI zarabha Adi chandoM kA, goti meM yamaka aura pratyeka sargAnta meM vimala zabda kA prayoga bhI isako arvAcInatA kA hI dyotaka hai / isa sambandha meM abhI mora gaharA vicAra karane tathA anya pramANoM ke anveSaNa karane kI AvazyakatA hai| para kuvalaya mAlA (vi0 saM0 835 ke lagabhaga) meM donoM kA ullekha hone se yaha nizcita hai ki paumacarita paura padmavarita donoM ho usase pUrva ko racanA haiM isase pUrva kA anya koI ullekha mere dekhane meM hI vaha mahAvIra nirvANa se 530 (vi0 saM060) kI racanA nahIM ho sktii| punnATa saMghI jinasena (zaka saM0 705) ne raviSeNa aura unake padmacarita kA ullekha kiyA hai| padmacarita eka saMskRta padmabaddha carita kAvya hai| isameM mahAkAvya ke sabhI lakSaNa maujuda haiN| grantha kI parva saMkhyA 123 hai| isameM pAThaveM balabhadra rAma, aura pAThaveM nArAyaNa lakSmaNa, bharata sItA, janaka, aMjanA pavanaMjaya, bhAmaMDala, hanumAna, aura rAkSasavaMzI rAvaNa, vibhISaNa aura sugrIvAdika kA paricaya aMkita kiyA gayA hai aura prasaMgavaza aneka kathAnaka saMkalita haiN| rAma kathA ke aneka rUpa haiM / jaina granthoM meM isake do rUpa milate haiM / grantha meM sItA ke prAdarza ko sundara jhAMko prastuta kI gaI hai / aura rAma ke jIvana kI mahattA kA digdarzana karAyA gayA 1. paMcevayavAsasayA dusamAe tIsavarisa sNjuttaa| vIre siddhamuvagae tao nibaddhaM imaM cariyaM / / 103 -pauma cariya prazasti 2. dekho, paumacariu kA antaH parIkSaNa, anekAnta varSa 5 kiraNa 10-11 pR0 337 3. jArasiyaM vimalako vimalaMko tArisaM lahai atthaM / amayamaiyaM ca sarasaM sarasaM ciya pAigraM jassa // jehi kae ramaNijje varaMgapaumANacariyavitthAre / kahava Na salAha Nijje te kaiyo jaDiya-raviseNo / -kuvalapramAlA 4. kRtapadyodayo dyotA pratyahaM privrtitaa| mataH kAvyamayI lokerave riva raveH priyA / / 34 -harivaMza purANa 1-34

Page #192
158 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 hai| rUpa saundarya ke citraNa meM kavi ne kamAla kara dikhAyA hai / grantha meM carita ke sAtha vana, parvata, nadiyoM aura Rtu Adi ke prAkRtika dRzyoM, janma vivAhAdi sAmAjika utsavoM, zRMgArAdi rasoM, hAva-bhAva vilAsoM tathA sampatti vipatti meM sukha-dukhoM ke utAra car3hAva kA hRdayamAhI citraNa kiyA gayA hai| dhArmika upadezoM kA yathAsthAna varNana diyA hayA hai| prasaMgAnusAra aneka rocaka kathAmoM ko jor3akara grantha ko"pAkarSaka aura ruci pUrNa banAne kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| pratyakartA ne prANiyoM ke karmaphaloM ko dikhalAne meM adhika rasaliyA hai| kyoMki unake sAmane naitikatA kA zuSka prAdarza nahIM thaa| chandoM ki dRSTi se grantha meM AryA, vasantatilakA, mandAkrAntA, drasavilambita, rayokhatA, zikhariNI, doSaka vaMzastha, upajAti, pRthvI, upendravadhA sragdharA, indravaNA, bhujaMgaprayAta, viyoginI, puSitAnA, toTaka, vidyunmAlA hariNI, catuSpaMdikA aura pAryagIti bhAdi chandoM kA upayoga kiyA gayA hai| isa saba vivecana se pArita kI mahattA kA sahaja anubhava ho jAtA hai| raviSeNAcArya ne papracarita kA nirmANa bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa se 1203 varSa chaha mahIne vyatIta hone para vi0 saM0734 (san 60I0) ke laga-jaga kiyA hai| jaisA ki usakI prazasti ke nimna padya se spaSTa hai : dvizatAnyadhika saMmAMsahana samAtItacaturvavaryAlaya jina bhAskara varddhamAna siddhe caritaM bhayamunariva nivaDAmA185 __ zAmanAcArya zAmakaM DAcArya-apane samaya ke bar3e vidvAna the| inhoMne paddhati rUpa TIkA kA nirmANa kiyA thaa| yaha TIkA SaTakhaMDAgama ke chaThaveM khaNDa ko chor3akara Adi ke pAMca khaMDoM para tathA dUsare siddhAntamanya kaSAya-prAbhUta para thii| yaha TIkA paddhati rUpa thI / vRtti sUtra ke viSama padoM ke bhaMjana ko-vizleSaNAtmaka vivaraNa ko-paddhati kahate haiM-"vitti sattavisama--padabhaMjiyAe vivaraNAe paMjiyAvavaesAdo sutta vini vivaraNAe paddhaI vavaesAdo-" (jaya dha0 prastA0 paM. 12 Ti.) isase jAna par3atA hai ki zAmakuNDAcArya ke sammukha koI vRtti sUtra rahe haiN| jinakI unhoMne paddhati likhI thI / saMbhava hai ki zAmakuNDAcArya ke samakSa yativRSabhAcArya kRta vRtti sUtra hI rahe hoM, jina para bAraha hajAra zloka pramANa paddhati racI ho / indra nandi ne zrutAvatAra meM usakA ullekha kiyA hai : kAle tataH kiyatmapi gate punaH zAmakuNDasaMjJena / prAcAryeNa jJAtvA dvimeva mapyAgamaH kAtyAt // 162 dvAdaza guNita sahasra grantha siddhAntayorubhayo / SaSThena vinA khaNDena pRthu mahAbandha saMjena // 163 zAmakUNDAcArya kA samaya saMbhavataH sAtavIM zatAbdI ho, isa viSaya meM nizcayataH kucha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| bAvananandi muni yaha tamila vyAkaraNoM-tolakApiyama, pragattiyam tathA pravinayam nAmaka vyAkaraNa granthoM ke jJAtA hI nahIM the kintu saMskRta vyAkaraNa jainendra meM bhI pravIna the| inhoMne ziva gaMga nAma ke sAmanta ke anurodha para 'mannU lU' nAma ke vyAkaraNa kI racanA kI thii| yaha grantha sabase adhika pracalita hai, isa aMca para aneka TIkAe haiN| unameM mukhya TIkA mallinAtha kI hai| yaha graMtha skUla aura kAlejoM meM pAThya krama ke rUpa meM nirdhArita hai| jainendra vyAkaraNa ke jJAtA hone ke kAraNa inakA samaya pUjyapAda ke bAda honA cAhiye / prAt yaha IsA kI sAtavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna haiN|

Page #193
pAMcavIM-bAtAbdI se AThavI zatAbdI taka ke AcArya 256 indra guru yaha divAkara yati ke ziSya the| padmacarita ke kartA raviSeNa bhI inhIM kI paramparA meM hue haiN| raviSeNa ne padyacarita kI racanA vIra ni0 saMbata 1203 san 647 meM kI hai ataH indra guru kA samaya IsA kI 7vIM sadI kA pUrvArdha honA caahiye| devasena isa nAma ke aneka vidvAna ho gae haiN| unameM prathama devasena ve haiM, jinakA ullekha zaka saM0 22 sana (vi0 saM0757) kecandragiri parvata ke eka zilAlekha meM pAyA jAtA hai| mahAmani devasena vratapAla kara svargavAsI hue| (jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 1lekha naM0 32 (113) baladeva guru yaha kittara meM vellAda ke dharmamena guru ke ziSya the| inhoMne sanyAsavrata kA pAlana kara zarIra kA parityAga kiyA thA, yaha lekha lagabhaga zaka saM0622 san 700 kA hai| ataH inakA samaya sAtavIM zatAbdI kA antima caraNa (jaina lekha saM0 bhA01 lekha naM07 (24) pR04) ugrasena guru yaha malanara ke niguru ke ziSya the| inhoMne eka mahIne kA sanyAsa vrata lekara samatAbhAva se zarIra kA parityAga kiyA thaa| lekha kA samaya zaka saM0622 san 700 hai| prataH inakA samaya IsA kI sAtavIM zatAbdI kA antima caraNa hai| (jaina lekha saMgraha bhA0 1 pR0 4) guNasena muni ye pragali ke bhAMti guru ke ziSya guNasena ne vRtAcaraNa kara svargavAsI hue| yaha lekha zaka saM0 622 san 700 IsvI kA hai| (jaina lekha saMgra0 bhA0 1 pR0 4) nAgasemaguru yaha RSabhasena garu ke ziSya the| inhoMne saMnyAsa-vidhi se zarIra kA parityAga kara devaloka prApta kiyaa| lekha kA samaya lagabhaga zaka saM0622 san 700 hai| (jaina lekha saM0 bhA. 1 pR. 6) siMhanandiguru yaha veTTamuru ke ziSya the| inhoMne bhI sanyAsa vidhi se zarIra kA parityAga kiyA thaa| yaha lekha bhI zaka 0.622,sana 700 kA utkIrNa kiyA huA hai| ataH siMhanandi guru IsA kI sAtavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna hai| (jaita lekha saM0.1pR07)

Page #194
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 guNadeva sUri ye zAstra vedI the / bar3e tapasvI aura kaSTa sahiSNu the / inhoMne kalavappa parvata ke zikhara para samAdhimaraNa pUrvaka ArAdhanAoM kA prArAdhana kara deha tyAga kiyA thaa| inakA samaya anumAnata: lagabhaga zaka sa0 622 san 700 hai / ( - jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 1 le. 160 pR0 308 ) 160 inhoMne candragiri para dehotsarga kiyA thA / yaha zilAlekha zaka saM0 622 san 700 I0 kA hai / jaina lekha saMbhA0 1 le0 30 (105) pR. 13 guNa kIrti tela moli devara ( tolAMmolitterava) tela moli devara (tolA moli terava) - ye tamila bhASA ke kavi the / inhoMne 'cUr3AmaNi' nAma kA eka tamila jaina grantha rAjA sekata (650I0) ke rAjya kAla meM unake pitA rAjA mAra varmmana pravetIcUlamAna kI smRti meM banAyA thA / yaha eka laghu kAvya grantha hai, isakI racanA zailI 'jIvaka cintAmaNi' ke DhaMga kI hai| tamilanADa meM purAtana samaya se bhAvI bAtoM kI sUcanA dene vAle jyotiSayoM kI eka jAti rahI hai, jise 'nAdana' kahate haiM / isameM bhaviSyavaktA kA prabhAva, vadhU dvArA vara kA cunAva / yuddha meM vIroM ke prAcaraNa, bahuvivAha kI prathA prAdi kA varNana hai / isakI kathA bhU-loka aura svarga loka donoM se sambandha rakhatI hai / prajApati rAjA kI do patniyA~ thIM, donoM se usake do putra hue / eka kA nAma vijayaMta, jo gaura varNa thaa| dUsare kA nAma tiviTTana thA, jo kRSNa varNa thA / donoM bAlaka pratyanta sundara the| eka dina bhaviSyavaktA ne Akara kahA ki tivaTTana kA vivAha svarga loka kI eka apsarA se hogA / usI samaya prapsarAmroM kI rAnI ko bhI apanI kanyA ke vivAha ke sambandha meM aisA hI svapna huA / anta meM donoM kA vivAha sampanna ho gayA / isameM tiviTTana kI kathA aura apsarA kI kanyA ke sAtha vivAha Adi kA vistRta varNana kiyA gayA hai / aura kathA ke anta meM rAjA kA rAjya parityAga kara sanyAsI hone kA ullekha hai / sAtha meM jaina dharma ke siddhAntoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / kavi kA samaya bhI 650 IsvI hai / candranandi:- ziSya kumAranandi kA ullekha zrI puruSa ke dAna-patra meM san 776 (vi0 saM0 833) kA utkIrNa kiyA huA hai / aura jo zrIpura ke candranandi kA samaya IsA kI kSvIM zatAbdI kA madhyakAla sunizcita hai / krika candranandi pAyA jAtA hai, jo zaka saM0678 jinAlaya ko diyA gayA thA / isase jayadeva paMDita jayadeva paMDita - mUlasaMdhAnvaya devagaNa zAkhA ke rAmadevAcArya ke ziSya the| inake ziSya vijayadeva paMDitAcArya ko zaMkha vasti ke ghavala jinAlaya ke lie zaka saM0 656 (vi0 saM0 761 ) meM vijaya saMvatsara dvitIya meM mAgha pUrNimA ko kucha bhUmi pazcimI cAlukya vikramAditya dvitIya ne dI thI / jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 2 lekha naM0 115 vijayako-muni yApanIya nandisaMgha puMnAgavRkSa mUlagaNa ke vidvAnoM kI paramparA meM kUvilAcArya ke ziSya the| inake ziSya

Page #195
pAMcavIM zatAbdI se AThavIM zatAbdI taka ke AcArya 161 arkakIrti ko zaka saM0735 (san 813) meM jeTha mahIne ke zakla pakSa kI dazamI candravAra ke dina zilAgrAma ke jinendra bhavana ko jAla maMgala nAma kA gAMva ukta arkakIti ko dAna meM diyA gayA thaa| ataH vijayakIti kA samaya IsA kI 8vIM zatAbdI hai| (jaina lekha saM0 bhA02 pR0 137) vimalacaMdrAcArya mUlasaMgha ke nandisaMghAnvaya meM eregittU nAmaka gaNa meM aura pulikala gaccha meM candranandi guru hue| inake ziSya muni kumAranandi the, jo vidvAnoM meM agraNI the| ina kumAranandi ke ziSya jinavANI dvArA apanI koti ko arjana karane vAle kIrtinandyAcArya hue| kIrtinandyAcArya ke priya ziSya vimala candrAcArya hue| jo ziSyajanoM ke mithyAjJAnAndhakAra ke vinAza karane ke lie sUrya ke samAna the| maharSi vimalacandra ke dharmopadeza se nirgundra yuvarAja jinakA pahalA lAma 'duNDu' thA aura jo bANakulake nAzaka the| inake putra pRthivI nirgundrarAja hae / inakA pahalA nAma parabhagUla thA inakI patnI kA nAma kundAcci thaa| jo sagara kulatilaka maruvarmA kI putrI thI, aura inakI mAtA pallavAdhirAja kI priya putrI thI jo maruvarmA kI patnI thI / kundAcci ne zrIpura kI uttara dizA meM lokatilaka nAma kA jinamandira banavAyA thaa| usakI maramata naI vRddhi, devapUjA aura dAna dharma Adi kI pravatti ke liye pRthivI nirgundrarAja ke kahane se mahArAjAdhirAja paramezvara zrI jasahitadeva ne nirgundra deza meM Ane vAle ponnalli grAma kA dAna saba karoM aura bAdhAoM se mukta karake diyA / lekha meM isa gAMva kI sImA dI huI hai| cUMki yaha lekha zaka saM0698 san 776 I0 meM utkIrNa kiyA gayA thaa| ataH vimala candrAcArya kA samaya 776 IsvI hai| (jaina lekha saMgraha bhA0 2 pR0 106) isa lekha meM vimala candrAcArya kI guru paramparA kA ullekha diyA huA hai / jinake nAma Upara diye hue haiM / kotinandi-yaha vimala candrAcArya ke guru the| inakA samaya ukta lekhAnusAra san 756 honA caahie| vizeSavAdi yaha apane samaya ke viziSTa vidvAna the| isI se jinasena aura vAdirAja ne unakA smaraNa kiyA hai| punnATasaMghI jinasena ne harivaMzapurANa meM unakA smaraNa nimna rUpa meM kiyA hai : yo'zeSokti vizeSeSu vizeSaH padyagadyayoH / vizeSavAditA tasya vishesstryvaadinH||37 jo gadya padya sambandhI samasta viziSTa uktiyoM ke viSaya meM vizeSa-tilakarUpa haiM, tathA jo vizeSatraya (graMtha vizeSa) kA nirUpaNa karane vAle haiN| aise vizeSavAdI kavi kA vizeSa vAdIpanA sarvatra prasiddha hai| zAkaTAyana ne apane eka sUtra meM kahA hai ki-'upa vizeSavAdinaM kavayaH / (13104) sAre kavi vizeSa vAdi se nIce haiN| prAcAryavAdirAja ne bhI pArzvanAthacarita meM unake 'vizeSAbhyudaya' kAvya kI prazaMsA kI hai 1 jo gadya padya maya mahAkAvya ke rUpa meM prasiddha hogA / zAkaTAyana yApanIya saMgha ke vidvAna the premIjI ne vizeSavAdI ko yApanIya likhA hai / inakA samaya zaka saM0 705 (vI0 saM0 840) san 783se pUrvavartI hai / saMbhavata: vizeSavAdI pAThavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna hoN| 1. vizeSa vAdigIgumphazravaNAsavatabuddhayaH / aklezAdadhi gacchanti vizeSAbhyudayaM budhAH / / -vAdirAja pArzvanAtha carita

Page #196
162 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 caMdrasena yaha paMca stUpAnvaya ke vidvAna muni the / yaha vIrasena ke dAdA guru aura Aryanandi ke guru the / inakA samaya IsA kI 8vIM zatAbdI kA uttarArdha hai| prAryanaMdi yaha paMca stupAnvaya ke vidvAna the aura vIrasena ke dIkSA guru the| aura candrasena ke ziSya the / 1 inakA samaya bhI IsA kI 8vIM zatAbdI honA caahie| elAcAya elAcArya kisa anvaya yA gaNa-gaccha ke vidvAna AcArya the, yaha kucha jJAta nahIM hotaa| siddhAnta zAstroM ke vizeSa jJAtA vidvAna the, aura mahAna tapasvI the / aura citrakUTapura (cittaur3a) ke nivAsI the| inhIM se vIrasena ne sakala siddhAnta granthoM kA adhyayana kiyA thaa| isI kAraNa elAcArya vIrasena ke vidyA guru the| vIrasena ne inase SaT khaNDA gama aura kasAyapAhuDa kA parijJAna kara dhavalA aura jaya dhavalA TIkAoM kA nirmANa kiyaa| vIrasenAcArya ne dhavalA TIkA prazasti meM elAcArya kA nimna zabdoM meM ullekha kiyA hai : jassa pasAeNa mae siddhata midaM hi ahilhdN| mahuso elAiriyo pasiyau vara vIraseNassa // 1 // vIrasenAcArya ne apanI dhavalATIkA zaka saM0 738 san 811 meM banAkara samApta kii| ataH ina elAcArya kA samaya san 775 se 800 ke madhya honA caahie| kumAranandI ye apane samaya ke viziSTa vidvAna the| AcArya vidyAnanda ne pramANa parIkSA meM inakA ullekha kiyA hai| tattvArtha zloka vArtika pR0 280 meM kumAranandi ke vAdanyAya kA ullekha kiyA hai : __ kumAranandinazcAhudinyAya vicakSaNAH / patra parIkSA ke pRSTha 3 meM-'kumAranandibhaTTArake rapisvavAdanyAye nigaditattvAt" likhakara nimna kAri kAeM uddhRta kI haiM "pratipAdyAnurodhena prayogeSu punrythaa| pratijJA procyate tajjJa : tathodAharaNAdikam // 1 na caivaM sAdhanasyaka lakSaNatvaM virudhyate / hetulakSaNatApAyAdanyAMzasya tathoditam // 2 1. ajjajjaNaMdi simseraNajjuba-kammassa cNdmennms| taha NatturvaNa paMcatyuhaNyaM bhANuNA munninnaa|| -dhavalA prazasti 2. kAle gate kityapi tataH punshcitrkuuttpurvaasii| zrImAnelAcAryA babhUba siddhAntatatvajJaH // 177 tasya samIpe sakalaM siddhAntamadhItya vIrasenaguruH / uparitama nibandhanAdyadhikArAnaSTa ca lilekha // 178 -indranandi zrutAvatA

Page #197
pAMcavIM zatAbdI se AThavIM zatAbdI taka ke AcArya anyathAnupapatyeka lakSaNaM liGga mngyte| prayoga paripATI tu pratipAdyAnurodhataH // 3 ye kArikAeM kumAranandi ke vAdanyAya kI haiN| kheda hai ki yaha grantha aprApya hai / ina ullekhoM se spaSTa hai ki kumAranandi kA vAdanyAya nAma kA koI mahatvapUrNa tarka grantha prasiddha rahA hai| isase yaha bhI spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki kumAranandi bhaTTAraka vidyAnanda se pUrvavartI hai| aura pAtrakesarI se bAda ke jAna par3ate haiM kyoMki vAdanyAya ke ukta padya meM hetu ke anyathAnupapatyeka lakSaNa kA ullekha hai / gaMgavaMza ke pRthvIkoMgaNi mahArAja ke eka dAnapatra meM jo zakasaM0 698 I0 san 776 meM utkIrNa huA hai, usameM mUlasaMgha ke nandisaMghasthita candra-nandi ko diye gae dAna kA ullekha hai| usameM kumAranandi kI guru paramparA dI hai| yaha prakalaGka deva ke pAsa-pAsa ke vidvAna haiM, kyoMki inake vAdanyAya para siddhi vinizcaya ke jalpasiddhi prakaraNa kA prabhAva hai| udayadeva yaha mUla saMdhAnvayI devagaNazAkhA ke vidvAna the| inheM 'niravadya paMDita' bhI kahate the| yaha prAcArya pUjyapAdake ziSya the| inheM zaka saM0 651 san 756 (vi0 saM0 786) ke phAlguna mahIne ko pUrNimA ke dina nerUragAMva se prApta tAmrapatra ke anusAra mahArAjAdhirAja vijayAditya ne apane rAjya ke 34 ve varSa meM jaba ki usakA vijaya skAndhAvAra raktapUra nagara meM thA palikara nagara kI dakSiNa sImA para base hae kardama gAMva kA dAna' apane pitA ke purohita udayadeva paMDita ko, jo pUjyapAdake ziSya the, pulikara nagara meM sthita zaGkha jinendra mandira ke hitArtha diyA thaa| siddhAntakoti kandAnvaya nandi saMgha ke vidvAna the| jo siddhAntavAdI the aura vAdijanoM se vandyanIya the| nayA hummaca ke rAjA jinadattarAya ke guru the / jinakA samaya san 730 batalAyA gayA hai / (jaina lekha saM0 bhA03 pR0 518) elavAcArya kauNDa kundAnvaya ke bhaTTAraka kumAranandi ke ziSya the| inake ziSya vardhamAna guru the jinheM sana 07 meM 'vadaNe guppe' grAma zrI vijaya jinAlaya ke lie diyA gayA thA / ataeva inakA samaya bhI vahI arthAta sana 200se 820 taka ho sakatA hai| 1. vidyananda ne isa padya ko "tathA cAbhyAdhAyi kumAranandi bhaTTArakaH" vAkya ke sAtha uddhata kiyA hai| 2. dekho, jana lekha saMgraha bhA0 2 lekha na0 121 pR0 106 3. "eka paJcAzaduttara SaTchateSu zakavarSesvAtIteSu pravartamAna vijaya-rAjya maMvatsare catustrize vartamAne zrI -raktapUramadhivasati-vijaya-skandhAvora phAlgunamAse paurNamAsyAm" diyA haA hai| (-i. e. 7 pra0 11 naM. 36 dvitIyabhAga) 4. zrI kunda-kundAnvaya-nandi-saMghe yogIza-rAjyena mtaa......| jAtA mahAnto jita-vAdi-pakSA: cAritra vepAguNaratna bhUSAH / ) siddhAntIti jinadattarAya praNata pAdo jayatIddha yogaH / siddhAntavAdI jina vAdI vandyaH / / jainalekha saM0 bhA. 3 pR. 518

Page #198

Page #199
adhyAya 3 vijaya deva paMDitAcArya mahAsena (sulocanAkathA ke kartA) sarvanandi kavilAcArya vAdIsiMha prakIti vIrasena (dhavalATIkA ke kartA) jayasena amitasena kotiSaNa zrIpAladeva jinasenAcArya (punnATa saMghI) jinasenAcArya dazarathaguru guNabhadrAcArya lokasena zAkaTAyana (pAlya kIti) ugradityAcArya mahAvIrAcArya aparAjitaguru zrIdeva svayaMbhUkavi prabhayanandi anantavIrya devendrasaiddhAntika kaladhauta nandi siddhabhUSaNa sarvanandi havIM aura 10vIM zatAbdI ke prAcArya gurukItimunIzvara indrakIti aparAjitasUri (zrI vijaya) amitagati prathama vinayasena amRtacandra Thakkura. rAmasena indranandi (jvAlAmAlinI grantha ke kartA) gurudAsa bAhubali deva kanakasena sarvanandi bhaTTAraka nAgavarma prathama nAgavarma dvitIya prAcArya mahAsena prAdipaMpa kavi paunna, mahAkavi ranna guNandi yazodeva nemidevAcArya mahendra deva somadeva, kAla yogIza kavi prasaga vimalacandra munIndra mahAmuni vakragrIva helAcArya 165

Page #200
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 prAcArya vidyAnanda prAryanandI jayakoti bappanandI bandhuSeNa elAcArya guNacandra paMDita anaMta koti anantakIti nAmake anya vidvAna maunibhaTTAraka hariSeNa bharatasena hariSeNa kavi hariSeNa anantavIrya devasena (bhaTTAraka) devasena toraNAcArya candradevAcArya Aryasena kumArasena kanakasena prajitasenAcArya nAganandI jayasena gollAcArya anantavIrya anantavIrya indranandI prathama vAsavanandI vicandra rAmasiMha panakoti

Page #201
vijayadeva paMDitAcArya vijayadeva paNDitAcArya mUlasaMghAnvaya devagaNa ke vidvAna rAmadevAcArya ke praziSya aura jayadeva paMDita ke kiyaa| inheM pazcimI cAlakya vikramAditya dvitIya ne zaka saM056 (vi0 saM0761) meM dvitIya vijayara saMvatsara meM mAgha pUrNimA ke dina pulikanagara ke zaMkhatIrthavasti ke tathA dhavala jinAlaya kA jIrNeddhAra karane aura jinapUjA vRddhi ke liye dAna diyaa| dekho, jaina lekha saM0 bhA02 pR0 104 mahAsena--(sulocanA kathA ke dartA) sulocanA kathA ke kartA mahAsena kA koI paricaya upalabdha nahIM hai| aura na unakI pAvana kRti sulocanA nAma kI kathA hI upalabdha hai| harivaMza purANakAra (zaka saM0 705) ne grantha kI utthAnikA meM mahAsena kI sulocanA kathA kA ullekha kiyA hai, aura batalAyA hai ki 'zIlarUpa alaMkAra dhAraNa karane vAlI, sunetrA aura madhurA vanitA ke samAna mahAsena kI sulocanA-kathA kI prazaMsA kisane nahIM kii| mahAsenasya madhurA shiilaalNkaardhaarinnii| kathA na vaNitA kena vaniteva sulocanA // kuvalaya mAlA ke kartA udyotana sUri (zaka saM0 700) ne bhI sulocanA kathA kA nimna zabdoM meM ullekha kiyA hai : saNNihiya jiNavariyA dhammakahA baMdhadikkhaya riyaa| kahiyA jeNa su kahiyA suloyaNA samavasaraNaM va // 39 jisane samavasaraNa jaisI sukathitA sulocanA kathA khii| jisa taraha samavasaraNa meM jinendra sthita rahate haiM aura dharma kathA sunakara rAjA loga dIkSita hote haiM, usI taraha sulocanA kathA meM bhI jinendra sannihita haiM aura usameM rAjA ne dIkSA le lI hai| harivaMza purANa ke kartA dhavala kavi ne bhI sulocanA kathA kA 'muNi mahaseNu-suloyaNa jeNa' vAkyoM ke sAtha ullekha kiyA hai| ina saba ullekhoM se sulocanA kathA kI mahattA spaSTa hai / yaha kisa bhASA meM racI gaI, isakA koI ullekha nahIM miltaa| yaha kathA zaka saM0 705 (vi0 saM0 835) se pUrvaracI gaI hai| usa samaya usakA astitva thA, para bAda meM kaba vilupta huI, isakA koI spaSTa nirdeza prApta nahIM hai / saMbhava hai, yaha kisI grantha bhaNDAra meM ho| sarvanandi sarvanandi bhaTTAraka zivanandi saiddhAntika ke ziSya the| prastuta sarvanandi devako zaka saM0 106 (871 A.D) meM pazcimI gaMgavaMzIya satya vAkya koMgunI varmana kI ora se eka dAna diyA gyaa| ___Ep. c. Coorg Inscriptions (Edi 1914) No. 2 viliyUra kA yaha zilAlekha (Biliur Stone Inscription) kA samaya zaka saM0 806 (san 887) IsvI kA hai / satya vAkya koMgunI varmana (pazcimI gaMga rAcamala prathama) ne viliyUra ke 12 choTe gAMva hamlets zivanandi

Page #202
168 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 bhaTTAraka ke ziSya sarvanandi ko penne kaDaMga (Pannekadonga) ke siddhAnta satyavAkya jina mandira ke liye diye the| jaina lekha saM0 bhA. 2 pR. 154 kUvilAcArya maha yApanIya nandi saMgha punnAga vRkSa mUlagaNazAkhA ke vidvAna the| jo vrata, samiti, gupti meM dRr3ha the aura munivRndoM ke dvArA vaMdita the / inake ziSya vijayakIrti the, aura vijayakorti ke ziSya arkakIrti the / zaka saM0 725 san 803 (vi0 saM0 870 ) ke rAjaprabhUta varNa ne (govinda tRtIya ne) jaba ve mayUra khaNDI ke apane vijayI vizrAma sthala meM Thahare hue the| cAkirAja kI prArthanA se 'jAlamaMgala' nAma kA gAMva muni arkakIrti ko zilAgrAma meM sthita jinendra bhavana ke liye diyA thaa| dekho, jaina lekha saM0 bhA. 2 naM0 1 pR0 231 vAdIsiMha vAdIbhasiMha kavi kA mUla nAma nahIM hai kintu eka upAdhi hai, jo vAdiyoM ke vijetA hone ke kAraNa unheM prApta huI thii| upAdhi ke kAraNa hI unheM vAdIbhasiMha kahA jAne lgaa| mUla nAma kucha aura hI honA caahiye| vAdIbhasiMha kA smaraNa jinasenAcArya (I. 838) ne apane AdipurANa meM kiyA hai aura unheM utkRSTa koTi kA kavi, vAgmI aura gamaka batalAyA hai yathA kavitvasya parAsImA vAgmitasya paraM padam / gamakatvasya paryanto vAdisiMho'cyate na kaiH|| pArzvanAtha carita ke kartA vAdirAjasUri (I0 1025) ne bhI vAdisiMha kA ullekha kiyA hai aura unheM syAvAda kI garjanA karane vAlA tathA dignAga aura dharmakIrti ke abhimAna ko cUra-cUra karane vAlA batalAyA hai| syAdvAda girimAzritya vAdisihosya gjite| viGanAgasya mabadhvaMse kotibhaMgoM na durghttH|| ina ullekhoM se vAdIbhasiMha eka prasiddha dArzanika vidvAna jJAta hote haiM / unako syAdvAdasiddhi unake dArzanika hone ko puSTa karatI hai / para AdipurANakAra ne unheM kavi aura vAgmI bhI batalAyA hai| isase unakI koI kAvya kRti bhI honI caahiye| gadya cintAmaNi ke prazasti padya meM unhoMne apane guru kA nAma puSpasena batalAyA hai, aura likhA hai ki unakI zakti se hI mere jaisA svabhAva se mUr3ha buddhi manuSya vAdIbhasiMha, zreSTha munipane ko prApta ho skaa| zrI puSpasena muni nAtha iti pratIto, divyo manurha di sadA mama saMviSyAta / yacchaktitaH prakRti mUDhamatirjano'pi vAdIsiMha muni puGgavatAmupaiti // malliSeNa prazasti meM muni puSpasena ko akalaMka kA sadharmA gurubhAI likhA hai, aura usI meM vAdIbhiha upAdhi se yukta eka prAcArya prajitasena kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| -malliSeNa prazasti 1. zrI puSpaSeNa munireva pada mahimno devaH sa yasya samabhUta sa mahAna sadharmA / zrI vibhramasya bhavanaM nanu padmameva, puSyeSu mitramiha yasya sahasradhAmA / 2. sakalabhuvanapAlAnamramUrdhAvabaddhasphuritamukuTacUDAlIDhapAdAravindaH / yadavadakhilavAdIbhendrakumbhaprabhedIgaNabhadajitaseno bhAti vAdIbhasiMha, // -zilAlekha 54, padya 57

Page #203
navamI-dazavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya gadya cintAmaNi ke antima do padyoM se spaSTa hai ki unakA nAma proDayadeva thA aura ve vAdo rUpo hAthiyoM ko jItane ke liye siMha ke samAna the| unake dvArA racA gayA gadya cintAmaNi grantha sabhA kA bhUSaNa svarUpa thaa| proDaya deva vAdIbhasiMha pada ke dhAraka the| yadyapi vAdIbhasiha ke janma sthAna kA koI ullekha nahIM milatA to bhI proDaya deva nAma se paM0 ke 0 bhujabalI zAstrI ne anumAna lagAyA hai ki ve unheM tamila pradeza ke nivAsI the aura bI. zeSagirirAva ema. e. ne kaliMga ke gaMjAma jile ke Asa-pAsakA nivAsI honA sUcita kiyA hai| gaMjAma jilA madrAsa ke ekadama uttara meM hai aura jise aba ur3ImA meM jAr3a diyA gayA hai| vahAM rAjya ke saradAroM kI oDeya aura goDeya nAma kI do jAtiyAM haiM, jinameM pAramparika sambandha bhI hai / ataeva unakI rAya meM vAdIbhasiMha janmataH proDeya yA ur3iyA saradAra hoNge| samaya cUMki mallipeNa prazasti meM muni puNamena ko akalaMka kA sadharmA ligvA hai, aura vAdIbhasiMha ne unheM apanA guru batalAyA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki vAdIbhamiha akalaMka ke uttaravartIvidvAna hai| akalaMka ke nyAya vinizcayAdi granthoM kA bhI syAdvAdasiddhi para prabhAva hai| ataeva unheM akalaka deva ke uttaravartI mAnane meM koI hAni nahIM hai| gadya cintAmaNi kI prastAvanA meM paM0 pannAlAla jI ne likhA hai ki gadya cintAmaNi ke kucha sthala bANabhadra ke harSa carita ke varNana ke anurUpa hai| vAdIsiha kI gadya cintAmaNi meM jIvaMdhara ke vidyAguru dvArA jo upadeza diyA gayA, vaha bANa kI kAdambarI ke zukanAsopedeza me prabhAvita hai-isase vAdIsiha bANabhaTTa ke uttara vartI haiN| syAdvAda siddhi ke chaThe prakaraNa kI 16 vIM kArikA meM bhaTTa aura prabhAkara kA ullekha hai aura unake abhi mata bhAvanA niyoga rUpa veda vAkyArya kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| vAdIsiha ne kumArilla ke zloka vAnika se kaI kArikAeM uddhata kara unakI AlocanA kI hai| unakA samaya IsA kI sAtavIM zatAbdI mAnA jAtA hai| isase vAdIbhasiMha kA samaya IsA kI 8 vI zatAbdI kA anta aura 6 vI kA pUrvArdha jAna par3anA hai| isa samaya ke mAnane meM koI bAdhA nahIM paatii| vizepa ke liye syAdvAsiddhi kI prastAvanA dekhanI cAhiye / racanAeM vAdIbhasiha apane samaya ke pratibhA sampanna vidvAna prAcArya the| unake kavitva aura gamakatvAdiko prazaMsA bhAgavajjina sena ne kI hai| vAdIbhasiMha unakI upAdhi thI, ve tAkika vidvAna re| unakI tIna racanAe prasiddha haiMsyAdvAdasiddhi, kSatracUr3AmaNi aura gadya cintaamnni| syAdvAda siddhi-yadyapi yaha grantha apUrNa hai phira bhI grantha meM 14 adhikAroM dvArA anuSTupa chandoM meM pratipAdya viSaya kA acchA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai |-jiivsiddhi, phalabhoktRtvAbhAvasiddhi, yugapadanekAnta siddhi RmAnekAnta siddhi, bhoktRtvAbhAvasiddhi, sarvajJAbhAvasiddhi, jagatkartRtvAbhAvasiddhi, arhatsarvajJa siddhi, arthApatti prAmANyasiddhi, beda paurapayatvamiddhi, parataH prAmANya siddhi, prabhAva pramANadUpaNasiddhi, tarka prAmANya siddhi, aura guNagaNI abhedasiddhi / inake bAda antima prakaraNa kI sAr3e chaha kArikAe~ pAI jAto hai| isase spaSTa jAna paDatA hai ki grantha apUrNa hai| isa prakaraNa kI apUrNatA ke kAraNa koI puSpikA vAkya bhI upalabdha nahIM hotaa| jaisA ki anya prakaraNoM meM pappikA vAkya upalabdha haiM yathA-"iti zrImadvAdIsihasUri viracitAyAM syAvAda siTau cArja prati jIva siddhiH|" kSatracUDAmaNi--yaha ucca koTi kA nIti kAvya grantha hai / bhAratIya kAvya sAhitya meM isa prakAra kA mahatva 1. jaina mAhitya aura itihAsa dUsagasaM0 pR0 324 / 2. dekho, syAdvAda giddhikI prastAvanA pR0 19-20

Page #204
170 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 pUrNa nIti kAvya grantha anyatra dekhane meM nahIM paayaa| isakI sarasa sUktiyAM aura upadeza hRdaya-spI haiN| yaha padyAtmaka sandara racanA hai| isameM mahAkavi vAdIbhasiMha ne kSatriyoM ke caDAmaNi mahArAja jIvaMdhara ke pAvana caritra kA pratyanta rocaka DhaMga se varNana kiyA hai / kumAra jIvadhara bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samakAlona the| unhoMne zatru se apane pitA kA rAjya vApisa le liyA aura usakA ucita rIti se pAlana kara anta meM sasAra, ke deha, bhogoM se virakta ho bhagavAna mahAvIra ke sammukha dIkSA lekara tapazcaraNa dvArA prAtma-zuddhi kara avinAzI pada prApta kiyaa| graMtha kA kathAnaka AkarSaka aura bhASA sarala saMskRta hai| grantha prakAzita hai| gadya cintAmaNi-kSatracaDAmaNi aura gadyacintAmaNi kA kathAnaka eka aura kathA nAyaka pAtra bhI vahI hai / sarga yA lamba bhI donoM ke gyAraha-gyAraha haiN| ghaTanA sAdRzya bhI donoM kA milatA-julatA hai| gadyacintAmaNi gadya kAvya hai / bhASA praur3ha aura kaThina hai| isake kAvya patha meM padoM kI sundaratA, zravaNIya zabdoM kI kathAsAra, cittAkarSaka vismayakArI kalpanAe, hRdaya meM prasannotpAdika dharmopadeza, dharmase aviruddha nItiyA~, evaM rasa aura alaMkAroM kI puTane usameM cAra cAMda lagA diye haiN| prakRti varNana sarasa aura sundara hai / kathAnaka meM sAdRzya hote hae bhI pAThaka ko vaha navIna sA lagatA hai aura kavi kI adbhuta kalpanAe pAThaka ke citta meM vismaya utpanna kara detI hai| gadya kAvyoM kI zrRMkhalA meM gadyacintAmaNi kA mahatva pUrNa sthAna hai| arkakIrti yaha yApanIya nandisaMgha punAMga vRkSa mUlagaNa ke vidvAna the / inake guru kA nAma vijaya kIti aura praguru kA nAma ku bilAcArya thA jo vrata samiti gupti gupta muni vRndoM se vadita the, aura zrI kIrtyAcArya ke anvaya meM hue the| amogha varSa (prathama) ke pitA prabhUta varSa yA govinda tRtIya kA jo dAna patra kaDaMba (maisUra) meM milA hai, vaha zaka saM0735 san 812 kA hai| jisameM zaka saMvata 735 vyatIta ho jAne para jyeSTha zuklA dazamI puSya nakSatra candravAra ke dina arkakIti muni ke liye jAlamaMgala nAma kA eka grAma mAnyapura grAma ke zilAgrAma nAma ke jinendra bhavana ke liye dAna meM diyA thaa| kyoMki muni arkakIti ne jile ke zAsaka vimalAditya ko zanaizcara kI pIr3A se unmukta kiyA thaa| (jaina lekha saM0 bhAga 2 pR0 137) borasena vIrasena-mUla saMgha ke 'paMcastUpAnvaya' ke vidvAna the| yaha paMcastUpAnvaya bAda meM senAnvaya yA sena-saMgha ke nAma se prasiddha huA hai / vIrasena ne apane vaza ko 'pacastUpAnvaya' hI likhA hai| prAcArya vIrasena candrasena ke prazipya aura AryanandI ke ziSya the' / unake vidyA guru elAcArya aura dIkSA guru AryanandI the| prAcAryavIrasena -dhavalA prazasti 1 ajjajjaNadi sisseNujjuva-kammamsa caMdameNasya / naha NattaveNa paMcatthUhaNyaM bhANaNA muNiNA // 4 yagnapodIpta kiraNabhavyAmbhojAni bodhayan / vyadyotiSTha munInenaH paJcastUpAnvayAmbare / / 20 praziSyazcandrasenamya yaH ziSyo'pyAyanandinAm / kulaM gaNaM ca santAnaM svaguNarudajijvalat / / 21 -jaya dhavalA prazasti 2 pacastUpAnvaya kI digambara parampaga bahuta prAcIna hai| AcArya hariSeNa kathAkoza meM vara muni ke kathA ke nimna padya meM mathurA meM paMcamtUpo ke banAne jAne kA ullekha kiyA hai mahArAjana nirmANan ravacitAn maNinAm kaiH / paMJcastUpAnvidhAyA samuccajinavezmanAm / / AcArya vIrasena ne dhavalA TIkA meM aura unake pradhAna ziSya jinasena ne jayadhavalA TIkA prazasti meM paMcastUpAnvaya ke

Page #205
navamI-dazavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya 171 ne apane ko gaNita, jyotiSa, nyAya, vyAkaraNa aura pramANa zAstroM meM nipuNa, tathA siddhAnta evaM chanda zAstra kA jJAtA batalAyA hai / - prAcArya jinasena ne unheM vAdi mukhya, lokavita, vAgmI, aura kavi ke atirikta zrutakevalI ke tulya batalAyA hai aura likhA hai ki - 'unakI sarvArthagAminI prajJA ko dekha kara buddhimAnoM ko sarvajJa ko sattA meM koI zaMkA na hI rahI thI / 5 siddhAnta kA unheM talasparzI pANDitya prApta thA / siddhAnta samudra ke jala dhoI huI apanI zuddha buddhi se ve pratyeka buddhoM ke sAtha spardhA karate the / punnATa saMghIya jinasena ne unheM kaviyoM kA cakravartI aura nirdoSa kIrti vAlA batalAyA hai / jinasena ke ziSya guNabhadrane tamAma vAdiyoM ko trasta karane vAlA aura unake zarIra ko jJAna aura cAritra kI sAmagrI se banA huA kaha hai| isase spaSTa hai ki vIrasena apane samaya ke mahAna vidvAna the / unhoMne citrakUTa meM jAkara elAcArya se siddhAnta granthoM kA adhyayana kiyA thA / pazcAt ve guru kI anujJA prApta kara vATa grAma Aye, aura vahAM mAnatendra dvArA banavAye hue jinAlaya meM Thahare / vahAM unheM bappadeva kI vyAkhyA prajJapti nAma kI TIkA prApta huii| isa TIkA ke adhyayana se vIrasena ne yaha anubhava kiyA ki isameM siddhAnta ke aneka viSayoM kA vivecana skhalita hai-chUTa gayA hai aura aneka sthaloM para saiddhAntika viSayoM kA sphoTana apekSita hai / chaThe khaNDa para koI TIkA nahIM likhI gaI / ataeva eka vRhatTIkA ke nirmANa kI AvazyakatA aisA vicAra kara unhoMne dhavalA aura jaya dhavalA TIkA likhI / 7 dhavalA TIkA - yaha SaT khaNDAgama ke prAdya pAMca khaNDoM kI sabase mahatvapUrNa TIkA hai / TIkA prameya bahula hai / TIkA hone para bhI yaha eka svataMtra siddhAnta graMtha hai isameM TIkA kI zailIgata vizeSatAeM hai hI, para viSaya vivecana candrasena aura AryanandI nAma ke do AcAroM kA nAmolneva kiyA hai, jo AcArya vIramena ke guru- praguru the / ina donoM ullekhoM se spaSTa hai ki paMcastUpAnvaya kI paramparA usa samaya cala rahI thI, aura vaha bahuta prAcIna kAla se prasAra meM A rahI thI / paMcastUpAnvaya ke saMsthApaka adabanI the, jinhoMne yuga pratikramaNoM ke samana paNa nadI ke kinAre vividhi saMghoM kI sthApanA kI thI / paMcastUpa kAya ke AcArya guhanandI kA ullekha pahAr3apura ke tAmrapatra meM pAyA jAtA hai| jisameM gupta saMvat 156 man 478 meM nAtha zarmA brAhmaNa ke dvArA gunandI ke bihAra meM arhantoM kI pUjA ke lie grAmoM aura arzaphiyoM ke dene kA ullekha hai / (epigrAphiyA iMDikA bhA 20 peja 56 ) 1. siddhAnta chaMda - joisu - vAyaraNa pramANa satthariNaue / - dhavalA prazasti 2. lokavittvaM kavitvaM ca sthitaM bhaTTArake dvayaM / vAgmitA vAgmino yasya vAcA vAcampaterapi / / 56 -prAdi purANa 3. yasya naisargikakI prajJAM dRSTavA sarvArthagAminI / jAtAH sarvajJasamdAve nirArekA manISiNaH // 4. prasiddhasiddha siddhAntavAdhivArdhItazuddhadhIH / sArddhaM pratyeka buddhayaH spardhate dhIddhabuddhibhiH / jayadha0 pra0 23 5. jitAtmaparalokasya kavInAM cakravartinaH / - jaya dhavalA pra0 21 vIrasena guruH kIrtirakalaMkA babhAsate / / 36 harivaMza pu0 6. tatravitrAsitA zeSa pravAdi madavAraNaH / vIrasenAgraraNI vIrasena bhaTTArako babhau / / 3 jJAnacAritra sAmagnI magrahIdivavigraham / / 4 / / uttara purANa pra0 7. Agatya citrakUTAttataH sabhagavAnguroranujJAnAt / vATagrAme cAtrA''natendra kRta jinagahe sthitvA / / 176 ( indranandi zrutA 0 )

Page #206
172 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa bhAga - 2 kI dRSTi se yaha TIkA atyadhika mahatvapUrNa hai / isameM vastutattva kA mamaM praznottarAM ke sAtha udghATita kiyA gayA hai| aura aneka pracIna uddharaNoM dvArA use puSTa kiyA gayA hai| jisase pAThaka SaT khaNDAgama ke rahasya se sahaja hI paricita ho jAte haiM / prAcArya vIrasena ne isa TIkA meM aneka sAMskRtika upakaraNoM kA samAveza kiyA hai / nimitta, jyoti aura nyAyazAstra kI agaNita sUkSma vAtoM kA yathA sthAna kathana kiyA hai| TIkA meM dakSiNa pratipatti aura uttara pratipattirUpa do mAnyatAoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| TIkA kI prAkRta bhASA praur3ha, muhAvaredAra aura viSaya ke anusAra saMskRta kI tarka zailI se prabhAvita hai / prAkRta gadya kA nikharA humA svaccha rUpa vartamAna hai / sandhi aura samAsa kA yathA sthAna prayoga huA hai aura dArzanika zailI meM gambhIra viSayoM ko prastuta kiyA gayA hai| TIkA meM kevala SaTkhaNDAgama ke sUtroM kA hI marma udghATita nahI kiyA, kintu karma siddhAnta kA bhI vistRta vivecana kiyA gayA hai / aura prasaMgavaza darzana zAstra ko molika mAnyatAoM kA bhI samAveza nihita hai / lAMka ke svarUpa vivecana meM naye dRSTikoNa ko sthApita kiyA hai / apane samaya taka pracalita vartulAkAra loka kI pramANa prarUpaNA karake usa mAnyatA kA khaNDana kiyA hai; kyoM ki isa prakriyA se sAta rAjU ghana pramANakSetra prApta nahI hotA / ataeva use AyatacaturastrAkAra hone kI sthApanA kI hai aura svayaMbhUramaNa samudra kI bAhyavedikA se pare bhI asaMkhyAta yojana vistRta pRthvI kA astitva siddha kiyA hai / samyaktva ke svarUpa kA vizeSa vivecana kiyA gayA hai / samyaktvonmukha jIva ke pariNAmoM kI bar3hatI huI vizuddhi aura usake dvArA zubha prakRtiyA kA bandhaviccheda, satvaviccheda aura udaya viccheda kA kathana kiyA hai / aura jIva ke samyaktvonmukha hone para badhayAgya karma prakRtiyoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / mAcArya vArasana gaNita zAstra ke viziSTa vidvAna the / isalie unhoMne vRtta, vyAsa, paridhi, sUcIvyAsa, ghana, arddhaccheda ghAtAMka, valaya vyAsa aura cApa Adi gaNita kI aneka prakriyAoM kA mahatvapUrva vivecana kiyA hai / gaNita zAstra kI dRSTi se yaha TIkA bar3o mahatvapUrNa hai / unhoMne jyoM aura nimitta sambandhA prAcIna mAnyatAoM kA spaSTa vivecana kiyA hai| isake atirikta nakSatroM ke nAma, guNa, bhAva, Rtu, ayana ora pakSa prAdi kA vivecana bhI aMkita hai| naya, nipekSa, aura pramANa Adi kI paribhASAeM tathA darzana ke siddhAntoM kA vibhinna dRSTiyoM se kathana kiyA hai / TIkA meM aneka granthoM aura granthakAroM kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai / aura aneka prAcIna granthoM ke uddharaNoM se TIkA ko puSTa kiyA gayA hai| isame zrAcayaM vIrasena ke bahuzruta vidvAna hone ke pramANa milate hai / siddhabhUpaddhati - TIkA - prAcArya guNabhadra ne uttara purANa kI prazasti meM isa TIkA kA ullekha kiyA hai aura batalAyA hai ki siddhabhUpaddhati grantha pada-pada para viSama thA, vaha vIrasena kI TIkA se bhikSutroM ke liye atyanta sugama ho gayA / " yaha grantha praprApya hai / vIrasena ke jinasena ke atirikta dazaratha ora vinayasena do ziSya aura the / aura bhI ziSya hoMge, para unakA paricaya yA ullekha upalabdha nahI hotA / vIrasena ne jayadhavalA TIkA kaSAya prAbhRta ke prathama skandha kI cAra vibhaktiyoM para bIsa hajAra zloka pramANa banAI thI / usI samaya unakA svargavAsa ho gayA / aura usakA avaziSTa bhAga unake ziSya jinasena ne pUrA kiyaa| racanA kAla AcArya vIrasena ne apanI yaha dhavalA TIkA vikramAMka zaka 738 kArtika zuklA 13 san 816 budhavAra ke dina prAtaH kAla meM samApta kI thii| usa samaya jagatugadeva rAjya se rikta ho gaye the, aura amoghavarSa prathama rAjya 1. siddhabhUpaddhatiryasya TIkAM saMvIkSya bhikSubhiH / TIkyate helayAnyeSA viSamApi pade pade / / - uttarapugaraNa praza0

Page #207
navamI dasavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya sihAsana para ArUDha ho rAjya macAlana kara rahe the / jemA ki usakI prazasti ke nimna padyo se prakaTa hai aThatIsamhi satasae kkima rAyaM kie su-sagaNAme / vAse suterasIe bhANu balagge 6vala pakkhe / / 6 / / jagatuMdeva-rajje riyAmha kuMbhamhi rAhuNA konn| sUre tulAe sate gumhi kula villae hAte // 7 // cAmhi taraNivutte sidha sukka mi mINe cammi / kattiya mAse esA TIkA ha samANi yA dhavalA // 8 // jayasena jayasena-bar3e tapasvI, prazAntamUrti, zAstrana ora pani jano me agraNI the / harivaza purANa ke kartA pUnnATa saghI jinasena ne zata varSa jIvI matameva ke guma jaya pena kA ulavakiyA hai aura unheM sadguru, indriya vyApAra vijayI, karmaprakRtirUpa pAgama ke dhAraka pragiddha veyAraNa, prabhAvazAlA aura sampUrNa zAstra samudra ke pAragAmI batalAyA hai 2 jisase ve mahAna yogI, tapasvI aura prabhAvazAlI prAcArya jAna paDate haiN| sAtha hI karmaprakRtirUpa Agamake dhAraka hone ke kAraNa sambhavata va kigI karmaganya ne praNetA bhI rahe ho to koI Azcarya kI bAta nahIM hai| parantu unake dvArA kisI grantha ke race jAne kA koI prAmAka ulAya hamAre devoM meM nahI aayaa| una ubhaya jina seno dvArA smRta prastuta jayamena ekahI vyakti jAna par3ate hai| hariyA pura" ka kartA ne jo pAnI guru paramparA dI hai usase spaSTa hai ki unake zatava jIvA aminge| 3 yAra Aiya kItiyaNa kA samaya yadi 25-25 varSa kA mAna liyA jAya jo bahuta hI kama ra harivaza ke racanAkAla naka ga0 705 (vi ma880) se kama kiyA jAya to zaka ma.655 vi. ma0760 ke lagabhaga jayamena kA samaya ho sakatA hai / arthAt jayasena vikramI kI AThavI zatAbdIke vidvAna AcArya the| amitasena pramitasena-pUnnATa saMgha ke agragI prAcArya the| yaha karmaprakRti zrata ke dhAraka indriya jayA jayasenAcArya ke ziSya the| prasiddha vaiyAkaraNa aora pasArA gAlI vidvAna / gamarana siddhAnammI mAgaH ke paargaamiithe| jaina zAsana se vAtsalya rakhane vAle, paraga tAmvI the| unhoMne zAstra dAna dvArA pRthvI meM vadAnyatA--dAnazIlatA -prakaTa kI thii| ve zatavarSa jIvA the| inhona jaina zAgana kI baTI mevA kI thii| isa paricaya para meM unakI mahattA kA sahajahI bodha ho jAtA hai| jayA ki harivaza pUgaNa ke nimna padyo meM prakaTa hai: "prasiddhavaiyAkaraNaprabhAvavAnazeSarAdvAntasamadrapAragaH // 30 tadIya ziSyo 'mitasena sadguruH pavitra punnATa gaNAmaNI gnnii| jinendra sacchAsanavatsalAtmanA tapobhRtA varSazatAdhi jovinA // 31 sazAstra dAnena vadAnyatAmunA vadAnya mUkhyena bhuviprkaashitaa|" rosA jAna paDatA hai ki mabhavataH punnATa deza ke kAraNa inakA sagha bhI punnATa nAma se prasiddha huA hai| yaha usa magha ke viziSTa vidvAna the| aura va apana magha ke sAtha prAye hai|| mabhavata: jinasena unase paricita ho. isI 1. janmabhUmi stapo lakSmyA thataprazamayonidhiH / jayasena guru pAtu budhavandA pragagI. mana / / Adipugaga 1,56 2 dadhAra karma prakRti ca ti va yo jitAkSavattirjayamena madagara / prasiddharvayAkaraNaprabhAvavAnazepagadvAnnamama pAraga / / 30 3 tadIya ziSyo 'mitamena madaguruH pavitra pa.nATa gagAnagI ggii| jinendrasacchAmanavamalAtmanA tapobhatA varSa zatAdhijIvinA / / 31-harivazapagagaga - - - --

Page #208
174 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 se ve unakA ukta paricaya de sake haiN| ve jinasena se saMbhavata: 30-40 varSa jyeSTha rahe hoN| inakA samaya vikrama kI 8vIM zatAbdI kA upAntyabhAga, tathA havI kA pUrvArdha honA caahie| kyoMki kIrtiSeNa ke ziSya jinasena ne apanA harivaMza purANa zaka sa0705 (vi. saM.840 meM samApta kiyA thaa| cUMki amitasena aura kIrtipeNa donoM hI jayasenAcArya ke ziSya the| kotiSaNa kotiSaNa-yaha punnATa saMgha ke prAcArya jayasena ke ziSya the| aura zatavarSa jIvI amitasena garu ke jyeSTha garubhAI the| aura mahAna tapasvI aura vidvAna the| zAnta pariNAmI the| ugra tapazcaraNa se saba dizAoM meM inakI kIrti vizruta ho gaI thii|' inhIM ke ziSya harivaza purANa ke kartA jinasena the| jinasenAcArya ne apanA harivaMza purANa zaka maM0705 (vi. saM. 840) meM samApta kiyA thaa| inake samaya kI avadhi 20varSa kI mAna leM, to inakA samaya vikrama kI havIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha hogA zrIpAla deva yaha paMcastUpAnvayI vIrasena ke zipya the| bar3e bhArI saiddhAntika vidvAna the| jinasenAcArya ne Adi purANa meM zrIpAla kA smaraNa kiyA hai sAtha meM bhaTTAkalaka aura pAtrakesarI kaa| jinasana ne apano jayadhavalA TIkA inoM zrIpAla dvArA saMpAdita athavA pApaka batalAyA hai| inakA samaya vikrama kI vIM zatAbdI hai| padmasena aura devasena bhI inhIM ke samaya kAlIna the| jinasenAcArya (punnAsaMghI) jinasenA-prastuna punnATa saMgha ke vidvAna prAcArya the| inake dAdAguru kA nAma, jayasena thA, jo prakhaNDa maryAdA ke dhAraka, pada khaNDAgamarUpa siddhAnta ke jJAtA, karma prakRti rUpa zrati ke dhAraka, indriyoM kI vatti ko jItane vAle jayasena guru tha / inake zipya amitasena guru the / jo prasiddha vaiyAkaraNa, prabhAvazAlI samasta siddhAnta rUpI sAgara ke pAragAmI, punnATagaNa ke agrnn| AcArya tha / ora jinazAsana ke snehI, paramatapasvI, tathA zatavarSa jIvI the| aura zAstra dAna dvArA jinhani pRthvI meM vadAnyatA-dAnazIlatA-prakaTa kI thii| inake agraja dharma bandha katipeNa mani the| jo bahuta hI zAnta aura buddhimAna the / aura jo apanI tapomayI kIrti ko samasta prasArita kara rahe the / inhIM kotipaNa ke zipya prastuta jinasena the / jaisA ki prazasti ke nimna padyoM se prakaTa hai : "prakhaNDa SaT khaNDamakhaNDatasthitiH smstsiddhaantmdhttyo'rthtH||29 dadhAra karma prakRti ca zrutiM ca yo jitAkSavRttijayasenasadguruH / prasiddha vaiyAkaraNaprabhAvavAnazeSarAddhAntasamudrapAragaH // 30 tadIya ziSyo 'mitasena sadguruH pavitra punnATagaNAgraNI gnnii| jinendra sacchAsana vatsalAtmanA tapobhRtA varSazatAdhi jIvinA // 31 suzAstra dAnena vadAnyatAmunA vadAnyamukhyena bhuvi prkaashitaa| yadagrajo dharmasahodaraH zamI samagradhIdharma ivAttavigrahaH // 32 tapomayIM kItimazeSadikSu yaH kSipan babhau kIrtita kotiSaNakaH / tadanaziSyeNa zivAgrasaukhyabhAgariSTanemIzvarabhaktibhAvinA // svazakti bhAjA jinasenasUriNA dhiyAlpayoktA harivaMzapaddhatiH // 33 // punnATa karnATaka kA prAcIna nAma hai / hariSeNa kathA koza meM likhA hai ki-bhadrabAhu svAmI ke nirdezAnusAra 1. tapomayIM kIrtimazeSadikSu yaH kSipanvabho kIrtita kiitissennkH| -harivaMza0 pra0 2. TIkA zrI jaya cinhito rudhavalA mUtrArtha sdyotinii| stheyA dAravicandra mujjvalatapaH shriipaalmpaalitaa| -jayadhavala / pR0 43

Page #209
navamI-dazavIM zatAbdI ke AcArtha 175 unakA samasta saMgha candragupta yA vizAkhAcArya ke netRtva meM dakSiNApatha ke pUnnATa deza meM gayA / ' prataeva dakSiNApatha kA yaha punnATa karNATaka hI hai| kannaDa sAhitya meM bhI pUnnATa rAjya ke ullekha milate haiN| bhUgolavettA TAlemI ne 'paunnaTa' nAma se isakA ullekha kiyA hai| isa deza ke muni magha kA nAma 'punnATa' sagha thaa| saMdhoM ke nAma prAyaH dezoM aura anya sthAnoM ke nAmoM se par3e haiN| zravaNabelagola ke zilAlekha naM0 194 meM, jo zaka savata 622 ke lagabhaga kA hai eka 'kittara' nAma ke saMghakA ullekha hai| kittara punnATa kI rAjadhAnI thI, jo ima mamaya maimUra ke 'haiggaDe vankoTe tAlluke meM haiN| jinasenAcArya kI eka mAtrakRti 'harivaza pugaNa' he / isameM hagviNa kI eka zAkhA yAdava kula aura usameM utpanna hae do zalAkA puruSoM kA caritra vizeSa rUpa meM varNita hai| bAIsava tIrthakara neminAtha aura dUsare nava meM nArAyaNa zrIkRSNa kA / ye donoM parampara meM cacere bhAI / jinameM se eka ne apane vivAha ke avasara para pazuoM kI rakSA kA nimitta pAkara sanyAsa le liyA thaa| aura dUsare ne koraba-pANDava-yuddha meM apanA bala-kauzala dikhlaayaa| eka ne AdhyAtmika utkarSa kA Adarza upasthita kiyA to dUsare ne nAtika lIlA kA dRzya / eka ne nivRtti parAyaNa mArga ko prazasta kiyA to dUsare ne pravRtti ko prazraya diyaa| isa taraha harivazapurANa meM mahA bhArata kA kathAnaka sammilita pAyA jAtA hai| grantha kA kathAbhAga atyanta rocaka hai| bhagagana neminAtha ke vaira gya kA varNana par3hakara pratyeka mAnavakA hRdaya sAMsArika moha-mamatA se vimukha ho jAtA hai| aura jUla yA rAjImato ke parityAga para pAThakoM ke netroM se jahAM sahAnubhUti kI prathadhAga pravAhita hotI hai vahA usake Adarza satItva para jana mAnasa meM usake prati agAdha zraddhA utpanna hotI hai| prAcArya jinasena ne grantha ke chayAsaTha sargoM meM neminAtha aura kRSNa ke carita ke sAtha prasaMgavaza dhArmika siddhAntoM kA sundara varNana kiyA hai| loka kA varNana aora zalAkA puruSoM kA carita prAcArya yativRSabha kI tiloya paNNattI se anuprANita hai| prasagavaza kavi ne mahAkAvyoM ke vipaya varNanAnusAra grAma, nagara, deza, pattana. kheTa. maTana parvata, nadI araNya Adi ke kathana ke sAtha zRMgArAdi rasoM aura upamAdi alakAroM, Rtu vyAvarNanoM, aura sandara subhASitoM se bhUSita kiyA hai| racanA praur3ha, bhASA prAMjala aura prasAdAdi guNoM se alaMkRta hai| ___ granthakAra ne grantha ke Adi meM apane se pUrvavartI aneka viddhAnoM kA smaraNa kiyA hai| kucha vidvAnoM kI racanAoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| jina vidvAno kA smaraNa kiyA hai unake nAma isa prakAra hai: (1) samantabhadra (2) siddhamena (3) devanandI, (4) vajrasUri (5) mahAsena (6) raviSeNa (7) jaTAsiMha nandi, (8) zAntipeNa, (6) vizeSavAdi (10) kumAramena (11) vIrasena, aura 12 jinasena ina saba vidvAnoM ke paricaya yathAsthAna diyA gayA hai, pAThaka vahAM dekhe / isI kAraNa use yahA~ nahI likhaa| granthakartA kI pravicchinna guruparamparA harivaMza purANa ke antima chayAsaThava sarga meM bhagavAna mahAvIra se lekara lohAcArya taka kI vahI prAcArya paramparA dI hai jo tiloya paNNattI dhavalA jayadhavalA aura zrutAvatAra Adi granthoM meM milatI hai| 62 varSa meM tIna kevalI gautama gaNadhara, sudharma svAmI aura jambU, 100 varSa meM pAMca zruta kevalI- viSNu (nadi), nandi mitra aparAjita, govarddhana aura bhadrabAha, 183 varga meM gyAraha aga daza pUrva ke pAThI-vizAkha, proSThila, kSatriya, jayasena siddhArtha sena, dhatisena, vijayamena, buddhilla gagadeva, dharmasena,-220 varSa meM pAMca gyAraha agadhArI-nakSatra, jayapAla pANDa, dhravasena aura kaMsa, aura phira 118 varSa meM-subhadra jayabhadra, yazobAhu aura lohAcArya ye cAra prAcArAMgadhArI he| vIra nirvANa se 683 varSa bAda taka kI zrutAcArya paramparA ke bAda nimna paramparA calI vinayadhara, zra tigupta, RSigupta, zivagupta, (jinhoMne apane guNoM se ahaMdvali pada prApta kiyA), mandarArya 1. anena saha saMgho 'pi samasto guru vaakytH| dakSiNApatha dezastha pannATa viSayaM yayau |-hrissenn kathA koza

Page #210
jainadharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 mitravIrya. baladeva, balamitra, siMhabala, vIravina, padmamena, vyAghrahasti, nAgahamti, jitadaNDa, nandiSeNa, dIpamena, dharamena, dharmamena, mihasena, nandipeNa, Izvaramena, nandioNa, abhayamena, siddhamena, abhayamena, bhImasena, jinasena zAntipeNa, jayagena, amitamena, (punnATa gaNa ke agavA aura patA jIvI) inake bar3e gurubhAI kIrtiSeNa, aura unake zipya jinamena the| grantha kA racanA sthala hagviza purANa kI racanA kA prArambha varddhanAnapura meM huaA aura mamApni dostaTikA ke zAntinAtha jinAlaya meM huii| yaha varddhamAnapura saurASTra kA 'baDhavANa' jAna par3atA hai| kyoki ukta purANa grantha kI prazasti meM batalAI gaI bhaugolika sthita me una kalpanA ko bala milatA hai| harivaza purANa kI prazasti ke 50 ora 52 varaloka meM batAyA hai| ki zakamavat 705 meM, jaba ki uttara digA kI indrAyudha, dakSiNa dizA kI karaNa kA putra zrIvallabha pUrva vA avantirAja vanmagaja aura pazcima kI soroM ke adhimaDala maugapTa kI vIra jayavarAha rakSA karatA thaa| uga samaya aoka kalyANoM me athavA sUvarNa se baDhane vAlI vipula lakSmI se sampanna vardhamAnapura ke pAva jinAlaya meM jo nannarAjavamati ke nAma se prasiddha thA, karkarAja ke indra, dhra ba, kRSNa aura nannarAja cAra putra the / harivaga kA nannagaja vamana inhI nannarAja ke nAmaro hogii| yaha grantha pahale prArambha kiyA gayA, pazcAt doraTikA ko prajA dvArA utpAdita prakRSTa pUjA se yukta vahA ke zAnti jinendra zAnti gRha meM racA gyaa| vaDhabANa me giri nagara ko jAte hA mArga meM 'docaTinAna pAmyAna milatA hai| prAcIna garjara-kAnya sagraha (gAyakavADa sIrIja) meM zramalukRta carcarikA prakAzita huii| usane eka yAtrI ko giranAra yAtrA kA varNana hai| vaha yAtrI marvaprathama vaDhavANa pahuMcatA hai, phira kamI raMna DalAI, sahA jagapura, gagilapura pahuMcatA hai aura lakhamIdharu ko chor3akara phira vipama dottaDa pahucakara bahutasI nadiyA pAra pahADA ko pAra karatA humA kari vadiyAla pahucatA hai| rivadiyAla ora anantapura meM jAkara uga DAlatA hai, bAda meM bhAlaNa vizrAma karatA hai, vahA se UMcA giranAra parvata dikhane lagatA hai| yaha vipama doTi hI dostaTi kA hai| vardhamAnapura (baDhavANa) ko jisa prakAra jinamenAcArya ne aneka kalyANako ke kAraNa vipulazrI se sampanna likhA hai usI prakAra haripeNa ne bhI 'kathA koza' meM use 'kArtasvagapUrNajinAdhivAsa' likhA hai| kArtasvara aura kalyANa donoM hI svarNa ke dAcaka isame middhatA hai ki vaha nagara atyadhika zrI sampanna thA, aura usakI samRddhi jinasana se lekara haripeNa taka 188 varSa ke lambe annagala meM bhI jakSaNNa banI rhii| haripeNa ne apane kathAkoza kI racanA bhI imI varddhamAnapura (baDhavANa) meM zaka ma0853 (vi0sa0688) meM pUrNa kI thii| jinasena yadyapi punnATa (karnATaka) saMgha ke the| to bhI vihAra priya hone se unakA sorASTra kI aora pAgamana honA yukti siddha hai| giddha kSena giranAra parvata ka. vandanA ke abhiprAya ge punnATa sagha ke muniyoM ne isa prora vicAra kiyA ho, yaha koI prAcAM kI bAta nahI / jinAna ne apanI guru parampaga meM pamita sena ko pUnnATagaNa ke agraNI pAra gatavarSa jIvI liyaa| isa mA pratArA hotA ka yaha saba yamitamana ke netRtva meM karnATaka se 1. mAkaprada gateyu mA |gu diza jcAne panaga, pAtIndrAyudhanAmni kAraNa Tapaje zrI vA dAnAm / pUrvA zrImadavantibhUti nage vatma.di : je DAga, saugaraNAmadhigaNTala yune pore vAgahe 'vani // 52 kalyAgaH parivardhamArga: zrIva mAna re, zrI pAlaya nannaga vamatI paryApnazeSa pug| pazcAddo gaTikA prajApranita prAjyAcaM nAvarjana, zAnneH zAntagRha jinamya racito vaMzo harINAmayam // 53

Page #211
navamI - dazavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya uttara bhArata kI ora AyA hogA / aura girinAra kSetra ke nemijina kI vandanA ke nimitta saurASTra (kAThiyAvAr3a) meM gayA hogA / jinasena ne ginanAba ko siMhavAhinI yA gramvA devo kA ullekha kiyA hai aura use vighnoM ko nAza karane vAlI batalAyA hai / prazastigata varddhamAnapura ke cAroM dizAoM ke rAjAoM kA varNana nimna prakAra : iMdrAyudha sva0 horAcandra jo projhA ne likhA hai ki undrAyana aura candrAyudha kisa vaMza ke the, yaha jJAta nahIM humA / parantu saMbhava hai ve rAThor3a ho / sva0 cintAmaNa vinAyaka vaMdya ke anusAra indrAyudha bhaNDikula kA thA ora uktavaMza ko varma vaMza bhI kahane the| isake putra cakrAyudha ko parAsta kara pratihAra varga rAjA vatmarAja ke putra nAgabhaTa dvitIya ne jisakA ki rAjya kAla vinsanTa smitha ke anusAra vi0 saM0 857-882 hai / kannauja kA sAmrAjya usame chInA thA / vaDhavANa ke uttara meM mAravAr3a kA pradeza par3A isase spaSTa hai ki kannoja se lekara mAravAr3a taka indrAyudha kA rAjya phailA huA thA / zrIvallabha dakSiNa ke rASTrakUTa vaMza ke rAjA kRSNa ( prathama ) kA putra thaa| isakA prasiddha nAma govinda (dvitIya) thA / kAvI meM mile hue tAmrapaTa meM ise govinda na likhakara vallabha ho likhA hai, ataeva isa viSaya meM sandeha nahI rahA ki yaha gAvinda (dvitIya) ho thA aura vardhamAnapura kA dakSiNa dizA meM usa kA rAjya thA / kAvo bhI vaDhavANa ke prAyaH dakSiNa meM hai / zaka sa0 672 (vi0 sa0 827) kA usakA eka tAmrapatra milA hai / 177 pratibhUbhRt vatsarAja yaha pratihAra vaMza kA rAjA thA aura usa nAgAvalAka yA nAgabhaTa (dvitIya) kA pitA thaa| jisane cakrAyudha ko parAsta kiyA thA / vatsarAja ne gor3a aura baMgAla ke rAjAoM ko jItA thA aura uname do zvetachatra chona lie the / Age inhI chatroM ko rASTrakUTa govinda (dvitIya) yA zrIvallabha ke bhAI dhruvarAja ne car3hAI karake usase chIna liyA thA / aura use mAravAr3a kI agamya retIlI bhUmi kI ora bhAgane ko vivaza kiyA thA / ojhA jI ne likhA hai ki ukta vatsarAja ne mAlavA ke rAjA para car3hAI kI ora mAlava rAja ko bacAne ke lie dhruvarAja usa para car3ha daadd'aa| zaka sa0705 meM tA mAlavA vatsarAja ke hI adhikAra meM thA kyoM ki dhruvarAja kA rAjyArohaNa kAla zaka ma0 707 ke lagabhaga anumAna kiyA gayA hai| usake pahane 705 meM tA govinda (dvitIya) zrI vallabha hI rAjA thA aura isaliye usake bAda hI dhruvarAja kI ukta car3hAI huI hogI / udyotana sUri ne apanI kuvalayamAlA jAvAlipura (jAlora mAravAr3a) meM taba samApta kI thI jaba zaka saM0 700 ke samApta hone meM eka dina bAkI thaa| usa samaya vahA vatsarAja kA rAjya thA arthAt harivaMza kI racanA 1. gRhIna cakra praticakra devatA tathArjayantAlaya siMha vAhinI / zivAya yarimantiha sannidhImate kvAtantra vighnAH prabhavanti gAvanaM // 44 2. dekho, sI. pI. vaidya kA 'hindUbhArata kA utkarSa' pR0 175 3. ma0mi0 ojhA jI ke anusAra nAgabhaTa kA samaya vi0 saM0 872 me 860 taka hai| 4. iNDiyana eNTikverI: jilda 5 pR0 146 / 5. epigrAphimA haNDikA jilda 6, pR0 276 6. saga kAle volI varimANa maehi sataha gaehi / eka diNeNU gohi raiyA abaraha belAe / parabhadrabhiuDI bhago paNaIyaNa rohiNI kalA caMdro / sirivaccha rAyaNAmo garahatthI patthivo jaiA //

Page #212
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 178 ke samaya (zaka saM0 705 meM) to ( uttara dizA kA) mAravAr3a indrAyudha ke prAdhIna thA aura ( pUrvakA ) mAlavA vatsarAja ke adhikAra meM thA / parantu isake 5 varSa pahale (zaka saM0 700) meM vatsarAja mAravAr3a kA adhikArI thA isase anumAna hotA hai ki usane mAravAr3a se hI Akara mAlavA para adhikAra kiyA hogA aura usake bAda dhruvarAja kI car3hAI hone para vaha phira mAravAr3a kI ora bhAga gayA hogA / zaka saM0 705 meM vaha pravanti yA mAlavA kA zAsaka hogA / avanti bar3havANa kI pUrva dizA meM hai hI / parantu yaha patA nahIM lagatA ki usa samaya zravanti kA rAjA kauna thA, jisakI sahAyatA ke lie rASTrakUTa dhruvarAja daur3A thA / dhruvarAja (za0 saM0 707 ) ke laga-bhaga gaddI para ArUr3ha huA thA / ina saba bAtoM se harivaMza kI racanA ke samaya uttara meM indrAyudha, dakSiNa meM zrI vallabha aura pUrva meM vatsarAja kA rAjya honA ThIka mAlUma hotA hai / vIra jayavarAha yaha pazcima meM sauroM ke adhimaNDala kA rAjA thaa| sauroM ke adhimaNDala kA artha hama saurASTra hI samajhate haiM jo kAThiyAvAr3a ke dakSiNa meM hai / saura logoM kA sosaura rASTra yA saurASTra / sau rASTra se bar3havANa aura usane pazcima kI ora kA pradeza hI granthakartA ko abhISTa hai yaha rAjA kisa vaMza kA thA, isakA ThIka patA nahIM calatA / premIjIkA anumAna hai ki yaha cAlukya vaMza kA koI rAjA hogA aura usake nAma ke sAtha varAha zabda kA prayoga usI taraha hotA hogA, jisa taraha ki kIrti varmA (dvitIya) ke sAtha 'mahAvarAha' kA, rASTrakUToM se pahale caulukya sArvabhauma rAjA the / aura kAThiyAvAr3a para bhI unakA adhikAra thaa| unase yaha sArvabhaumatva zaka saM0 675 ke lagabhaga rASTrakUToM ne hI chIna liyA thA / isalie bahuta saMbhava hai ki harivaMza kI racanA ke samaya saurASTra para caulukya vaMza kI kisI zAkhA kA adhikAra ho aura usI ko jayavarAha likhA ho / saMbhavataH pUrA nAma jayasiMha ho aura varAha vizeSaNa | pratihAra rAjA mahIpAla ke samaya kA eka dAna patra haDDAlA gAMva ( kAThiyAvAr3a) se zaka saM0 836 kA milA hai| usase mAlUma hotA hai ki usa samaya bar3havANa meM dharaNI varAha kA adhikAra thA, jo cAvar3A vaMza kA thA aura pratihAroM kA karada rAjA thaa| isase eka saMbhAvanA yaha bhI ho sakatI hai ki ukta dharaNI varAha kA hI koI 4-6 pIr3hI pahale kA pUrvaja ukta jayavarAha ho / prAcArya jinasena ne harivaMza purANa kI racanA zaka saM0 705 ( vi0 saM0 840 ) meM kI hai| usake bAda kitane varSa taka ve apane jIvana se isa bhUtala ko alaMkRta karate rahe, yaha kucha jJAta nahIM hotA / jinasenAcArya paMcastUpAnvayI vIrasena ke pramukha ziSya the| jinasena vizAla buddhi ke dhAraka kavi, vidvAna aura vAgmI the / isI se AcArya guNabhadra ne likhA hai ki jisa prakAra himAcala se gaMgA kA sakalajJa se ( sarvajJa se) divya dhvani kA aura udayAcala se bhAskara kA udaya hotA hai usI prakAra vIrasena se jinasena udaya ko prApta hue haiM jinasena vIrasena ke vAstavika uttarAdhikArI the| jaya dhavalA prazasti meM unhoMne apanA paricaya bar3e hI sundara DhaMga se diyA hai| prora likhA hai ki- 've praviddhakarNa the- karNavedha saMskAra se pahale hI ve dIkSita ho gae / maura bAda meM unakA karNavedha saMskAra jJAna zalAkA se huA thA / ve zarIra se dubale patale the, parantu tapa guNa se kRza nahIM the / zArI ve 1 1. abhavadivahimAdra devasindhu pravAho, dhvaniriva sakalajJAtsarvazAstrakamUrtiH / udayagiri taTAdvA bhAskaro bhAsamAno, muniranujinasenA vIrasenAdamuSyAt // 2. tasya ziSyobhavacchrImAna jinasenaH samiddhadhIH / afaaraft yatkarNo viddho jJAnazalAkayA / / 22 - jayadhava0 pra0 - uttara purANa prazasti

Page #213
navamI-dazavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya 176 rika durbalatA saccI kRzatA nahIM hai, jo guNoM se kRza hotA hai vAstava meM vahI kRza hai, jinhoMne na to kApAlikA (sAMkhya zAstra aura pakSa meM tairane kA ghar3A) ko grahaNa kiyA aura na adhika cintana kiyA, phira bhI adhyAtma vidyA rUpa sAgara ke pAra pahaMca gye| ve bar3e sAhasI, guru bhakta aura vinayI the| aura bAlyAvasthA se hI jIvana paryanta prakhaNDa brahmacarya vrata ke dhAraka the / ve na to adhika sundara the, aura na bahata catUra, phira bhI ananya zaraNa hokara sarasvatI ne unakI sevA kI thI / svAbhAvika madtA aura siddhAnta marmajJatA guNa unake jIvana sahacara the| unakI gaMbhIra aura bhAvapUrNa sUktiyAM bar3I hI sundara aura rasolI haiN| kavitA sarasa aura alaMkAroM ke vicitra AbhaSaNoM se alaMkRta hai| vAlyAvasthA se hI unhona jJAna kI satata ArAdhanA meM jIvana bitAyA thaa| saiddhAntika rahasyoM ke marmajJa to ve the hI, kintu unakA nirmala yaza loka meM sarvatra vizruta thaa| ve uckoTi ke kavi the, kavitA rasIlI aura madhura thii| ApakI isa samaya tIna kRtiyAM upalabdha haiM / pAzrvAbhyudayakAvya, Adi purANa aura jayadhavalA TIkA, jise unhoMne apane guru vIrasenAcArya ke svargavAsa ke bAda banA kara pUrNa kI thii| pAzrvAbhyudaya kAvya-yaha apane Taga kA eka hI advitIya samasyA pUrtika khaNDa kAvya hai / dIkSA dhAraNa karane ke pazcAt bhagavAna pArzvanAtha pratimAyoga meM virAjamAna haiM pUrva bhava kA verI kamaTha kA jIva zaMvara nAmaka jyotiSkadeva avadhi jJAna se apane zatru kA parijJAna kara nAnA prakAra ke upasarga karatA hai / parantu pArzvanAtha apane dhyAna se raMcamAtra bhI vicalita nahIM hote| unake ghora upasarga ko dUra karane ke liye dharaNendra aura padmAvatI pAte haiN| zambara bhaya-bhIta ho bhAgane kI ceSTA karatA hai kintu dharaNendra use rokate haiM aura usake pUrva kRtyoM ko yAda dilAte haiN| upasarga dUra hote hI bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ko kevalajJAna ho jAtA hai| indrAdika deva kevalajJAna kI pUjA karate haiN| zaMvarapAzvanAtha ke dharya, sAjanya, sahiSNutA, aura apAra zakti se prabhAvita hokara svayaM vaira bhAva kA parityAga kara unakI zaraNa meM pahuMcatA hai aura pazcAtApa karatA huA apane aparAdha ko kSamA yAcanA karatA hai, vaha jinadharma grahaNa karatA hai, deva puSpavRSTi karate haiM, kavi ne kAvya meM 'pApApAye prathama muditaM kAraNaM bhaktireva' jaisI sUktiyoM kI bhI saMyojanA kI hai / isIse kathAvastu ko abhivyaMjanA pAzrvAbhyudaya meM kI gaI hai / zRMgAra rasa se prota-prota meghadUta ko zAnta rasa meM parivartita kara diyA hai / sAhityika dRSTi se yaha kAvya bahuta hI sundara aura kAvya guNoM se maMDita hai / isameM cAra sarga haiN| unameM se prathama sarga meM 118 padya, dUsare meM bhI 118, tIsare meM 57, aura cIthe meM 71 padya haiN| kAvya meM kula milAkara 364 mandAkrAntA padya haiN| kAvya meM (kamaTha) yakSa ke rUpa meM kalpita hai| kavitA atyanta prauDha aura camatkAra pUrNa hai| meghadUta ke antima caraNa ko lekara to aneka kAvya likhe gye| paranta sAre meghadUta ko veSTita karane vAlA yaha eka hI kAvya grantha hai| isa kAvya kI mahattA usa samaya aura adhika bar3ha jAtI hai jaba pArzvanAtha carita kI kathA aura meghadUta ke virahI yakSa ko kathA meM paraspara meM bhArI asamAnatA hai| aisI kaThinAI hote hae bhI kAvya sarasa aura sundara bana par3A hai| isa kAvya kI racanA jinasena ne apane sadharmA garU bhAI vinayasena kI preraNA se kI thii| 1. yaH kRzopizarIreNa na kRzobhUtapoguNaH / na kRzatva hi zArIraM guNaireva kRzaH kRzaH // 27 yo na gRhItkApalikAnnApyacintayadaMjasA / tathApyadhyAtmavidyAbdheH pAraM pAramazizriyat // 28 -jayadhava0 praza0 2. yo nAti sundarAkAro na cAticaturo muniH| tathApyananya zaraNA yaM sarasvatyupAcarat ||25-jydh0 na0 3. zrI vIrasena munipAdapayojanabhRga, zrImAnabhUdvinayasena munigarIyAn / taccoditena jinasenamunIzvareNa, kAvyaM vyadhAyi pariveSTita meghadUtam / / -pArvAbhyudaya

Page #214
160 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 isa kAvya para yogirATa paMDitAcArya nAma ke kisI vidvAna ko eka saMskRta TIkA hai| jo saMbhavataH 15vI zatAbdI ke antima caraNa kA vidvAna thaa| TIkA meM jagaha jagaha 'ratnagAlA' nAmaka koSa ke pramANa diye haiN| ratnamAlA kA kartA irugadaNDanAtha vijaya nagara nareza harihararAya ke samaya zaka maM. 1321 (vi. saM. 1456) ke lagabhaga huprA hai| ataH paNDitAcArya usake bAda ke vidvAna honA cAhiye / kAvya ke pratyeka sarga ke anta meM jinasena ko amoghavarSa kA guru batalAyA gayA hai| punnATa saMghIya jinasena ne zaka saM. 705, (san 783) meM pAzrvAbhyudaya kAvya kA harivaMzapurANa ke nimna padya meM ullekha kiyA hai : yA'mitAbhyudaye pArve jinendraguNasaMstutiH / svAmino jinasenasya kIti saMkIrtayatyasau // ataH pAzrvAbhyudaya kAvya zaka saM0 705 (vi0 sa0 840) se pUrva racA gayA hai / arthAt zaka saM0 700 meM isakI racanA huI hai| prAdipurANa-prAcArya jinasena ne tresaThazAlA kA purupoM ke caritra likhane kI icchA se 'mahApurANa' kA pArambha kiyA thaa| kintu bIca meM hI svargavAsa ho jAne ke kAraNa unakI vaha abhilASA pUrI nahIM ho skii| aura mahApurANa adhUrA hI raha gyaa| jise unake ziSya guNabhadra ne pUrA kiyaa| mahApurANa ke do bhAga haiM / prAdi purANa aura uttara purANa / prAdi purANa meM jainiyoM ke prathama tIrthakara Adi nAtha yA RSabha deva kA carita varNita hai / aura uttara purANa meM avaziSTa 23 tIrthakarI ora zalAkA puruSoM kaa| Adi purANa meM 47 parva aura bAraha hajAra zloka hai| inameM jinasena 42 parva pUre aura 43 ve parva ke 3 zloka hI banA sake the ki unakA svargavAsa ho gyaa| taba zeSa cAra parvo ke 1620 zloka unake zipya guNabhadra ke banAye harA haiN| Adi purANa ucca darje kA saMskRta mahAkAvya hai| prAcArya guNabhadra ne usakI prazaMsA karate hue likhA hai ki-'yaha sAre chandoM aura alaMkaroM ko lakSya meM rakhakara likhA gayA hai| isako racanA sUkSma artha aura gar3ha pada vAlI hai| usameM bar3e bar3e vistRta varNana haiM jinake adhyayana se saba zAstroM kA sAkSAt ho jAtA hai| isake sAmane dasare kAvya nahIM Thahara sakate, yaha pavya hai, aura vyutpanna buddhivAloM ke dvArA grahaNa karane yogya hai aura kaviyoM ke mithyA abhimAna ko dalita karane kAlA hai, atizaya lalita hai| jinasena kA yaha Adi purANa subhASatoM kA bhaMDAra hai / jisa taraha samudra bahumUlya ratnoM kA utpatti sthAna hai, usI taraha yaha purANa sUkta ratnoM kA bhaMDAra hai, jo anyatra durlabha haiM aise subhASita isameM sulabha haiN| aura sthAna sthAna se icchAnusAra saMgraha kiye jA sakate haiN| prAcArya jinasena ne prAdi purANa kI utthAnikA meM apane se pUrvavartI aneka prasiddha kaviyoM aura vidvAno kA aneka vizeSaNoM ke sAtha smaraNa kiyA hai / 1. siddhasena 2. samantabhadra 3. zrIdatta 4. prabhAcandra 5. zivakoTi 6. jarAcArya 7. kANabhikSa. deva (devanandi) 6. bhaTTAkalaMka 10. zrIpAla 11. pAtra kezarI 12. vAdisiMha 13. vIra sena 14. jayasena 15. kavi paramezvara / ina saba vidvAnoM kA paricaya yathA sthAna diyA gayA hai| jayaghavalATIkA kasAya prAbhata ke prathama skandha kI cAroM vibhaktiyoM para 'jayaghavalA nAma kI bIsa hajAra zloka pramANa sIkA likha kara prAcArya vIrasena kA svargavAsa ho gyaa| ataH unake ziSya jinasenAcArya ne avaziSTa bhAga para 2. 'sakalacchaMdolaMkRti lakSyaM sUkSmArtha gUDhapadaracanam // 17 'vyAvarNanorumAraM sAkSAtkRtasarvazAstramadbharAvam / AhastitAnya kAvyaM zravyaM vyatpannamatibhigadeyam // 18 'jinasena bhagavatoktaM mithyAkavi darpadalanamati lalitam / / 16 -uttara purANa prazasti

Page #215
navamI-dazavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya 181 cAlIsa hajAra zloka pramANa TIkA likhakara use zaka saMvata 756 meM pUrA kiyaa| yaha TIkA vIrasena svAmI kI zailI meM maNi-pravAla (saskRta mithita prAkRta) bhASA meM likhI gaI hai / TIkA kI bhASA prAvAhapUrNa hai| TIkAkAra ne svayaM hI zaMkAeM uThA kara vividha vipayo kA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai| prAcArya jinasena ne kasAya prAbhata kI jayadhavalA TIkA meM caNimUtra aura uccAraNA Adi ke dvArA vastu tattva kA yathArtha vivecana kiyA hai / kapAya ke upazama aura kSapaNA kA sundara, sarasa eva hRdayagrAhI vivecana kiyA gayA hai| moha ke darzana mohanIya aura caritra mohanIya rUpa do bheda hai / unape darzana mAhanIyake bheda rAga, dveSa moharUpa tripaTi kA tathA cAritra mohanIya ke mUlataH kapAya aora no kaSAyoM meM vibhAjana kiyA hai| ye kaSAye rAga-dveSa meM vibhAjita hokara eka moha karma kI rAga-dveSa moharUpa trirUpatAkA bodha karAtI haiM / prAtmA ina sabakI zakti ko upazamAne yA kSINa karane kA upakrama karatA hai / una kI zakti kA nirbala karane ke liye dhyAnAdi kA anuSThAna karatA hai| aura grantha meM kaSAyoM ke rasa ko sukhAne, nirjIrNa karane Adi kA vistRta kathana diyA hai| jisakA pariNAma ghAti karma kSaya rUpa kaivalya kI prApti hai| usame AtmA karma ke mohajanya samkAra ke prabhAva se halakA ho jAtA hai| pazcAta vaha yoga nirodhAdi dvArA aghAti rUpa karma-kAlimA kA anta kara svAtma labdhi kA pathika bana jAtA hai| prora janma maraNAdi se rahita anantakAla taka Atma-sukha meM nimagna rahatA hai| yaha TIkA prameya bahula aura saiddhAntika carcA se prota-prota hai / isakA adhyayana aura manana karanA zreyarakara hai| isa saba vivecana para me jayadhavalA TIkA kI mahattA kA bodha sahaja hI ho jAtA hai, aura usame jinasenAcArya kI prajJA evaM pratibhA kA acchA prAbhAsa mila jAtA hai| AcArya jinamena ne jayadhavalA TIkA meM zrIpAla. padAna aura devamena nAmake tIna vidvAnoM kA ullekha kiyA hai / saMbhavataH ye unake sadharmA yA guru bhAI the| zrIpAla ko to unhoMne jayadhavalA kA saMpAlaka kahA hai| samaya jinasena apanI aviddhakarNa bAlya avasthA meM hI vIra sena ke caraNoM meM A gae the| vIrasena hI unake vidyA guru aura dIkSA guru the| unhI kI zikSA dvArA tapasvI aura vidvAna AcArya bane / unhI ke pAdamUla meM unake jIvana kA adhikAza bhAga vyatIna hapA hai / imI se unhoMne apane guru kA bahuta hI AdarapUrNa zabdoM meM smaraNa kiyA hai| vIra sena ne apanI dhavalA TokA zaka sa0 738 san 816 meM samApta ko hai| pIra jaya dhavalA TIkA kI samApti usame 21 varSa bAda zaka savata 756 (san 837) meM garjagnarendra amoghavarSa ke rAjya kAla meM vATa grAma huI hai / ca ki 1. prAyaH prAkRta bhAratyA kvcitsNskRmithyaa| maNi-pravAlanyAyena prokto'yaMgrantha vimnaraH // 32 -(jadhavalA prAna) 2. te nityojvalapadamasenagaramA: zrIdevamenAcitAH / bhAsante ravicandrabhAsi mutapA zrIpAla matkIrtayaH // 36 -jaya dhavalA pragati / 3. itizrI vIra senIyA TokA suutraarth-dshinii| vATa grAma pure zrImad gurjarAryAnupAlite / / 6 phAlguNe mAsi pUrvAnhe dazamyA zuklapakSaka / pravardhamAna-pUjoru-nandIzvara- mahotsave // 7 amoghavarSa rAjendra-rAjya prAjya gunnodyaa| niSThinA pracaya yAyAdAkalpAntamanalpikA ||8-(jydhvlaa prshrit)|

Page #216
182 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 pAzrvAbhyudaya kAvya kA ullekha zakasaM0 705 meM harivaMza meM punnATa saMdhI jinasenane kiyA hai / aura likhA hai ki bhagavAna pArzva nAtha ke guNoM kI stuti unako kIrtikA saka rtana karatI hai / isase spaSTa hai ki jinasena ne zaka saM0 705 se pUrva hI grantha racanA zurU kara dI thii| ata: ukta pAzrvAbhyUdaya kAvya zaka saM.700 ke lagabhaga kI racanA hai, kya zaka saM0705 meM usakA ullekha milatA hai| isa racanA ke samaya jinasena kI prAya kama se kama 15 aura 20 varSa ke madhya rahI hogii| pAzrvAbhyudaya kAvya kI racanA se 56 varSabAda unhoMne jayadhavalA ko zaka saM0 756 san 837 meM pUrNa kiyA hai| yahAM yaha prazna ho sakatA hai ki prAcArya jinasena ne zaka saM0 700 se 738 ke madhyavata samaya meM kyA kArya kiyA / isa sambandha meM yaha vicAraNIya hai ki jaba guru vIrasena ne dhavalA aura jayadhavalA TokA banAI, taba usameM unhoMne apane garu ko avazya sahayoga diyA hogaa| aura yadi unhoMne usa kAla meM anya kisI grantha kI racanA kI hotI to ve usakA ullekha avazya karate / usake bAda unhoMne Adi purANa kI racanA ko hai / aura ve mahApurANa kI racanA karate hue bIca meM hI svargavAsI ho gae / unake isa adhUre purANa ko unake ziSya guNabhadrAcArya ne pUrNa kiyA hai / Adi purANa ke daza hajAra zloMkI racanA karane meM 5.6 varSa kA samaya laga jAnA adhika nahIM hai / isase jinasenA cArya dIrgha jIvI the| aura unakA svargavAsa 50 varSa kI avasthA meM hanA hogaa| dazaratha guru ___ dazaratha guru-paMcastUpAnvayI voramena ke ziSya the, aura jaina senAcArya ke sadharmA bandhu-gurubhAI the| jo baDe vidvAna the--jisa taraha sUrya apanI nirmala kiraNoM se saMsAra ke padArthA ko prakAzita karatA hai| usI prakAra ve bhI apane vacana rUpI kiraNoM se samasta jagata ko prakAzamAna karate the| jinasenAcArya kA jo samaya hai, vahI dazaratha guru kA hai, jinasenAcArya ne apanI jayadhavalA TIkA zaka saM0 756 (san 837) meM pUrNa kI hai| ataeva dazarathaguru kA samaya bhI san 800 se 837 honA caahiye| guNabhadrAcArya guNa bhadra-mUlasaMgha senAnvaya ke vidvAna the / aura pacastUpAnvaya ke vidvAna AcArya jinasena ke sadharmA (gurubhAI) dazaratha guru ke ziSya the / siddhAnta zAstra rUpI samudra ke parigAmI hone se jinakI buddhi atizaya pragalbha tathA dedIpyamAna (tIkSNa) thI, jo aneka naya aura pramANa ke jJAna meM nipuNa, agaNita guNoM se vibhUSita, samasta jagata meM prasiddha the / jo tapolakSmo se bhUSita the| utkRSTa jJAna se yukta, pakSopavAsI, tapasvI tathA bhAvaliMgI 1. yAmitAbhyudaye pArzva jinendraguNa naMstutiH / svAmino jinasenamya kati samIrtayatvasau / / 10 -hagvizapagaraNa 2. dazarathagururAmIttasya dhImAnsadharmA zazina iva dinezo vizvalokacakSaH / nikhilamida madIpi vyApitadvAGmayUkhaiH / prakaTitanijabhAva nirmaladharmamAre : // 12 -uttara pugaNa prazasti 3. pratyakSIkRta lakSya lakSaNa vidhi vizvopavidyAM gataH / siddhAntAabavasAnayAna janita prAgalmbhA vRddhIddhadhI; / nAnAnUnanayapramANanipuNo'gaNye guNabhUSita : / ziSyaH zrIguNabhadrasUriranayogamIjjagadvizrutaH / / -utta0 pu0 prazasti 14

Page #217
navamI-dazavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya 183 munirAja the / rASTakUTa rAjA amoghavarSa ne guNabhadrAcArya ko apane dvitIya putra kRSNa kA zikSaka niyukta kiyA thaa| inhoMne jinasenAcArya ke divaMgata ho jAne para unake apUrNa Adi purANa ko 1620 zlokoM kI racanA kara use parA kiyA thaa| usake bAda unhone ATha hajAra zloka pramANa 'uttara purANa' kI racanA kii| usakI racanA meM gaNabhadAcArya ne kavi parameSThI ke 'vAgartha sagraha' purANa kA Azraya liyA thaa| uttara purANa meM dvitIya tIrthakara ajitanAtha se lekara 23 tIrthakaroM, 11 cakravartI, nava nArAyaNa, nava balabhadra aura pratinArAyaNa tathA jIvaMdhara svAmI Adi viziSTa mahApuruSo ke kathAnaka diye hae haiN| isa purANa ko kavi ne saMbhavata: baMkApura meM samApta kiyA thaa| prastuta bakApara apane pitA vora baMkeya ke nAma se lokAditya dvArA sthApita kiyA gyaa| prapitAmaha mukula ke vaza ko vikasita karane vAle sUrya ke pratApa ke sAtha jisakA pratApa sarvatra phaila rahA thA, aura jisane prasiddha zatrurUpI aMdhakAra naSTa kara diyA thA, jo cella patAkA vAlA thA jisakI patAkA meM mayUra kA cinha thA / celadhvaja kA anuja thA aura cella ketana baMkeya kA putra thA, jainadharma kI vRddhi karane vAlA, candramA ke samAna ujvala yaza kA dhAraka lokA ditya baMkApura meM vanavAsa deza kA zAsana karahA thaa| usa samaya baMkApura vanavAsi prAntakI rAjadhAnI thaa| aura aneka vizAla jina mandiroM se suzobhita thaa| yaha napatugakA sAmanta thA, aura vIra yoddhA thaa| isane gagarAja rAjamala ko yuddha meM parAjita kara bandI banAyA thaa| isa vijayopalakSya meM bharI sabhA meM vIra bakeya ko nRpatuga dvArA abhISTa vara mAMgane kI prAjJA huii| taba jinabhakta bakeya ne gadagada ho napatuga se yaha prArthanA kI, ki aba merI koI laukika kAmanA nahIM hai| yadi Apa denA hI cAheM to kolanara meM mere dvArA nirmita jinamaMdira ke liye pUjAdi kArya saMcAlanArtha eka bhUdAna pradAna kara sakate hai| unhoMne vaisA hI kiyaa| bakeya kA patnI vijayAdevI bar3I vidUpI thii| isane saskRta meM kAvya racanA kI hai / inakA pUtra lokAditya bhI apane pitAke samAna hI vIra aura parAkramI thaa| lokAditya zatra rUpI andhakAra ko miTAne vAlA eka khyAti prApta zAsaka thaa| lokAditya para guNabhadrAcArya kA paryApta prabhAva thaa| lokAditya jaina dharma kA premI thA, aura samUcA vanavAsi prAnta lokAditya ke vasa meM thaa| prAcArya jinasena kI icchA mahApurANa ko vizAla grantha banAne kI thii| parantu divaMgata ho jAne se ve use pUrNa nahIM kara sake / grantha kA jo bhAga jinasena ke kathana se avaziSTa raha gayA thA, use nirmala buddhi ke dhAraka guNa bhadrasUri ne hInakAla ke anurodha se tathA bhArI vistAra ke bhaya se saMkSepa meM hI saMgrahIta kiyA hai| uttara purANa ko yadi guNabhadrAcArya prAdi purANa ke sadRza vistRta banAte to mahApurANa eka utkRSTa koTi kA mahAbhArata jaisA eka vizAla grantha hotaa| kintu Ayu kAya Adi kI sthiti ko dekhate hue ve use jaldI pUrNa karanA cAhate the| isI se usameM bahuta se kathana maulika aura vistRta nahI ho pAye haiM, aura kitane hI kathAnakoM se mukha mor3anA par3A hai / kucha kathAnakoM meM vaha vizadatA bhI zIghratA ke kAraNa nahIM lAsake haiN| phira bhI unakA ukta prayatna mahAna aura prazaMsanIya hai| 1. tassaya simso guNava guNabhaddo divvaNAraNa pripunnnnii| pakkhovavAma maMDI mahAtavo bhAligo va // -darzanasAra 2. dekho, DA0 altekara kA gaSTrakUTAja aura unakA samaya pR0 3. cellapatAke celladhvajAnuje cellaketanatanUje / jainendradharmavRddhe vidhAyinividhuvIdhra pRthu yazasi / / -utta0 pu0 prazasti 33 4. "sarasvatI va karNATI vijayAMkA jayatyamau / yA vakSmA girAM vAsaH kAlidAsAdanantaram / / ' 5. ati vimtara bhIrutvAdavaziSTa saGa gahIta mmldhiyaa| guNabhadra sUriNedaM-prahINakAlAnurodhena // -uttara0 pu0 praza0 20

Page #218
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 jina senAcArya ko yaha vizvAsa ho gayA ki aba merA jIvana samApta hone vAlA hai aura maiM mahApurANa ko pUrA nahIM kara sakUMgA / taba unhoMne apane sabase yogya ziSyAM ko bulAyA aura unase kahA ki sAmane jo yaha sUkhA vRkSa khar3A hai, isakA kAvyavANI meM varNana karo / guru vAkya sunakara unameM se eka ziSya ne kahA 'zuSka kASTha tiSThatyagre' / phira dUsare ziSya ne kahA- "nIrasataruriha vilasati purataH " / guru ko dvitIya vAkya sarasa jJAta huA / ataH unhoMne use zrAjJA dI ki 'tuma mahApurANa ko pUrA karo / guNabhadra ne guru prAjJA ko svIkAra kara mahApurANa ko pUrA kiyaa| 184 zrAcArya guNabhadra ne likhA hai ki isa grantha kA pUrvArdha hI rasAvaha hai, uttarArdha meM to jyoM-tyoM karake hI rasa kI prApti hogI / ganne ke prArambha kA bhAga hI svAdiSTa hotA hai Upara kA nahIM / yadi mere vacana sarasa yA susvAdu hoM to ise guru kA mAhAtmya hI samajhanA caahiye| yaha vRkSoMkA svabhAva hai ki unake phala mIThe hote haiM / vacana hRdaya se nikalate haiM aura hRdaya meM mere guru virAjamAna haiN| ve vahAM se unakA saskAra karege ho / isameM mujhe parizrama na karanA par3egA / gurukRpA se merI racanA saMskAra kI huI hogii| jinasena ke anuyAyI purANa mArga ke prathama se sasAra samudra ke pAra honA cAhate haiM phira mere liye purANa sAgara ke pAra pahucanA kyA kaThina hai / uttara purANa kA racanA kAla zrAcArya guNabhadra ne uttara purANa meM usakA koI racanA kAla nahIM diyA / unako prazasti 27 veM padya taka samApta ho jAtI hai| pAMca-chaha zlokoM meM grantha kA mAhAtmya varNana karane ke anantara 27 va padya meM banAyA hai ki bhavyajanoM ko ise sunanA cAhiye, vyAkhyAna karanA cAhiye, cintavana karanA cAhiye, pUjanA cAhiye, aura bhaktajanoM ko isakI pratilipiyA~ likhanA likhAnA cAhiye / yahIM guNabhadrAcArya kA vaktavya samApta ho jAtA hai / jAna par3atA hai unhoMne usakA racanAkAla nahIM diyA / unakA samaya zaka saM0 820 se pUrvavartI hai / usa samaya akAla varSa ke sAmanta lokAditya baMkApura rAjadhAnI se sAre vanavAsa dezakA zAsana kara rahe the| taba zaka saM0 820 piMgala nAma ke saMvatsara meM paMcamI (zrAvaNa vadI 5) budhavAra ke dina bhavya jIvoM ne uttara purANa kI pUjA kI thI / guNabhadrAcArya ke ziSya muni lokasena ne uttarapurANa kI racanA karate samaya apane guru ko 'sahAyatA kI / zrAtmAnuzAsana meM 266 zloka / jinameM AtmA ke anuzAsana kA sundara vivecana kiyA gayA hai / yaha guNabhadrAcArya kI svataMtra kRti hai / isameM samyagdarzana samyagjJAna, samyak cAritra aura samyak taparUpa cAra ArAdhanAoM kA svarUpa sarala rIti se diyA hai / grantha carcita vipaya upayogo aura sva-para-sambodhaka hai / graMtha manana karane yogya hai / isa para paMDita prabhAcandra kI eka saMskRta TIkA hai jo saMkSipta aura sarala hai / grantha hindI aura saMskRta TIkA ke sAtha jIvarAja graMthamAlA zolApura se prakAzita ho cukA hai| isameM anuSTupa sahita AryA, zikhariNI, hariNI, mAlinI, pRthvI, mandrAkrAntA vaMzastha, upendrA, rathoddhatA, gIti, vasantatilakA, stragdharA, zArdUlavikrIDita ora 1. ikSo rivAmya pUrvAddhaM mevAbhAvi rasAvaham / yathAtathAstu niSpattiriti prArabhyate gayA || 14 2. gururaNAmeva mAhAtmyaM yadapi svAdu madvacaH / tarUNA hi svabhAvo'sau yatphalaM svAda jAyate / / 17 3. niryAnti hRdayAdvAco hRdi me gurava sthitAH / te tatra saMskAriSyante tanna me'tra parizramaH // 18 4. purANaM mArgamAsAdya jinamenAnugA dhruvam / bhavAndheH pAramicchanti purANasya kimu te // 1e 5. zakanRpa kAlAbhyantara viMzatyadhikASTa zatamitAbdAnte / maMgalamahArtha kAriNi piMgala nAmini samamta jana sukhade || 35

Page #219
navamI aura dazavI zagabdI ke AcArya 185 vetAlI Adi undo kA upayoga kiyA gyaa| vavinA prshaanaa| prAgagmaya atakAra sahita he, umameM mubhApito kI kamI nahI he / prAra kAnya / gaNo me gAne / jinadattacarita-bhI unakI ti bAlAyA jAnA hai| vara garakA kA kAvya gandha / / jisameM jinadatta kA jIvana paricaya prakti hai| sAra jo mANika candra gandhamAtA meM mala rUpa pramANita cara hai| zAkaTAyana zAkaTAyana (pAlyakoti)-yApanIya magha ke aacaaryye| gApana ya saMgha kA mAyAgarAta kala digambaro se milatA thaa| vanagna rahana para dhyatAmbara prAgama ko sAdara kadapaTa se dekhate ||daakttaapn yti| ne to strImakti pAra ke balabhakti nAma do prakaraNa bhI likha hai| jo prakAzita sAno / nk| bAvika nAma pAlyakIti thaa| paranna zAkagagana vyAkaraNa ke kartA hone ke kAraNa gAkaTAyana nAma se emi hogaa| vAdi gajam rine apane pArzvanAtha carita meM unakA nimna dAbdo smaraNa kiyA kataratyA tasya sA zaktiH pAlyakIrtamahaujasaH / zrIpada bharaNa yasya zAbdikAnkurale janAna / / imane batAyA ki uma mahAtejasvI pAlyakAna kA zakiA kA kyA naNana kiyA jAya, jimakA zrA' pada zravaNa hI logoM ko zAbdika yA vyAkaraNa kara detA hai| zapaTApana ko tAliToya 'prAcArya likhA hai / jigavA gartha ta ya honA |paannini 5-3-67ka anusAra dezIya zabda tutyatA kA vAcaka / cintAmATAtAkatA yAvAratA utA 'gakalajJAna sAmrAjya padamAptavAn khaa| zAkaTAyana kI 'namoghavatti nAma kI eka bApajJaTIkA he / usakA prArambha bhImamA jyAti 'aAdi magalAcaraNa meM hotA hai| vAdigaja muni ne isI gagalAcaraNa / ke 'zrI' pada ko lakSya karaNe yaha bAga hahai ki pAtyakIti (zAkaTAyana) ke vyAkaraNa prArambha karane para lAga vaiyAkaraNa ho jAte hai| isakA nAma zabdAnugAgana he / zAkaTAyana nAma bAda ko pratita huA hai| zAkTAyana kI amAghavRtti me, Avazyaka, cheda sUtra, niyukti kAlika sUtra prAdi grantho kA ullega kiyA hai| usase jAna paTatA hai ki yApanaM.ya saghame zvetAmbara granthAke paThana-pAThana kA pracAra thaa| parAjita sari ne to dazavakAlika para TIkA bhI likhI thii| amAdhavatti bha 'upamavagapta vyAkhyAtAra' ka kA zAkaTAyana te sarva prAcA io gavA baDA vyAgyAnA batalAyA hai| sabhava he ye sarvagapta mani vahI ho jinake caraNo meM baiThakara sArAdhanA kA zivAya ne satra prAra ko acchI taraha samajhA thaa| zAkaTAyana yA pAlyakIti kI tIna gnanAe upalabdha hai / zabdAnugAmana kA mUla pATha, usakI amAghavatti aura strImukti valibhakti prakaraNa / rAjazekhara ne apanI kAvyamImAsA ne pAlyakIti ke matakA ulnakha karate hae likhA hai ki- 'yathA tathA vAstu vastUno rUpa vakta prakRtiviropAyanAta rasapattA / tathA ca yamartha rakta stoti ta virakto vinindati madhyasthastu tatrAdAste iti pAlyakIni / " dasaga jJAta hAtA hai ki pAtyakoti ko prAra bhI koI racanA rahI hai| zAkaTAyana ke zabdAnuzAsana para sAta TIkAe~ likhI gaI - 1 amoghavRti, svaya pAlyakIni dvArA 2 zAkaTAyana nyAsa-prabhAcandra kRta nyAsa 3 cintAmaNiTIkA yakSa varmAkRta' 1 tamyAti mahatI vRtti mahRtyeya lghiiymii| mampUrNa lakSaNAvRtirvakSyate yakSavarmagNA / /

Page #220
186 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 4. maNi prakAzikA - cintAmaNi ko prakAzita karane vAlI TIkA, jisake kartA jitasena haiM / 5. prakriyA saMgraha -- isake kartA grabhayacandra hai / 6. zAkaTAyana TIkA - vAdiparvatavatra bhAvasena traividyadevakRta / inakI eka kRti vizva tattva prakAza nAma kI hai ya: graMtha prakAzita ho cukA hai / 7. rUpasiddhi dayApAla muni kRta / yaha dravir3a saMgha ke vidvAna the| inake guru kA nAma matisAgara thA / 'khyAte dRzye' sUtra kI jo amoghavRtti dI hai, usameM nimna udAharaNa diyA hai - " pradahadamoghavarSA'rAtInaamoghavarSa ne zatrunoM ko jalA diyaa| isa udAharaNa meM grantha kartA ne amoghavarSa ( prathama ) kI apane zatrunoM para vijaya pAne kI jisa ghaTanA kA ullekha kiyA hai| ThIka usI kA jikra zaka saM0 832 (vi0 saM0 667 ) ke eka rASTrakUTa zilAlekha meM nimna zabdoM meM kiyA hai- 'bhUpAlAn kaNTakAbhAna veSTayitvA dadAha / isakA artha bhI vahI hai - pramo varSa ne una kAMTe jaise rAjAoM ko gherA zraura jalA diyA jo usase ekAeka viruddha ho gaye the / yadyapi ukta zilAlekha amoghavarSa ke bahuta pIche likhA gayA thA, isa kAraNa isameM parokSArtha vAlI 'dadAha' kriyA dI hai / yaha usake samakSa kI ghaTanA hai / bAgmurA ke dAnapatra meM jo zaka saM0 786 ( vi0 saM0 24) kA likhA huA hai isa ghaTanAkA ullekha hai - usakA sArAMza yaha hai ki gujarAta ke mAlika rAjA ekAeka bigar3akara khar3e hue aura unhoMne amoghavarSa ke viruddha hathiyAra uThAye, taba usane una para car3hAI kara dI aura unheM tahasa-nahasa kara DAlA / isa yuddha meM dhruva ghAyala hokara mArA gayA / amoghavarSa zaka saM0 736 ( vi0 sa0 771) meM siMhAsanArUr3ha hue the / aura yaha dAnapatra zaka saM0 824 ) kA hai / ata: giddha hai ki amoghavRtti zaka maM0 736 se 786 san 814 se 867 taka ke madhya kisI samaya racI gaI hai / aura yahI samaya pAlyakIrti yA zAkaTAyana kA hai / ugradityAcArya ugradityAcArya - zrInandI muni ke ziSya the / ugradityAcArya ne inhIM se jJAna prApta karake unhIM kI prAjJA se kalyANakAraka nAmaka vaidyaka grantha kI racanA kI hai| yaha zrInanda muni ke ziSya the / ugradityAcArya ne zrInandi se jJAna prApta kiyA thA / ugradityAcArya ne nRpatuGgavallabharAja ke daravAra meM mAMsa bhakSaNa kA samarthana karane vAle vidvAnoM ke samakSa mAMsa kI niSphalatA ko siddha karana ke lie kalyANakAraka nAma ke vaidyaka graMtha kI racanA kI hai / nRpataMga (amoghavarSa) rASTrakUTavaMza ke rAjA the / unhIM ke rAjyakAla ke rAmagiri parvata ke jinAlaya meM baiThakara grantha banAyA thA / gratha meM dazaratha guru kA bhI ullekha hai jo vIramenAcArya ke ziSya the| isameM bhI ugradityAcArya kA samaya 8 vIM zatAbdI kA antima caraNa jAna par3atA hai / prazasti meM ullikhita viSNurAja paramezvara kA koI patA nahIM calatA / ki ve kisa vaMza ke aura kahAM ke rAjA tha / grantha meM 25 adhikAra haiM- aura zloka saMkhyA pAMca hajAra batalAI jAtI hai / svAsthya saMrakSaka, garbhotpatti vicAra, svAsthya rakSAdhikAra-sUtravarNana, dhanyAdi, guNa, guNavicAra, annapAna vidhi varNana, rasAyana vidhi, vyAdhi samuddeza, vAta vyAdhi cikitsA, pittavyAdhi-cikitsA, zleSma vyAdhi cikitsA, mahAvyAdhi cikitsA, kSudraroga cikitsA, bAlagraha bhUtamantrAdhikAra, sarpavipa cikitsA zAstrasaMgraha - tatrayukti karma cikitsA, bhaiSajya karmApadrava cikitsA, sava padhakarma vyApa cikitsA, rasAyana siddhyadhikAra, nAnAvidha kalpAdhikAra | grantha Ayurveda kA hai / jIsIlA purama prakAzita ho cukA hai, para vaha isa samaya mere sAmane nahI hai cikitsA zAstra kA acchA grantha hai / 2. epi grAphiA iMDikA jilda 1 pR0 54 3. iNDiyana eNTikverI ji0 12 pR0 181

Page #221
navamI aura dazavI zatAbdI ke AcArya 187 mahAvIrAcArya (gaNitasAra ke kartA) mahAvIrAcArya-rASTrakUTa vaMzI rAjA amoghavarSa (prathama) ke samakAlIna the| unhoMne apane gaNitamAra ke prArambha meM amoghavarSa ke dIkSA lekara tapasvI bana jAne para unake tapasvI jIvana kA ullekha kiyA hai| prathama padA meM amoghavarSa ko prANI rUpI sasya samUha kA santuSTa, nironi na niravagraha karane vAlA prArambATa hitepI batanAgA hai| yahAM gajA ke Iti nivAraNa aora anAvRSTirUpa vipatti ke nivAraNa ke sAtha-sAtha saba prANiyA ke prati abhaya paura rAga-dveSa rahita upekSA vatti kA ullekha hai| sveSTa hitetiNA vAkya ge maSTa hai ki te yAtma kalyANa gayaNa ho gae the| dUsare padya meM unake pAparUpI zatruoM kA unakI cittavRti rUpa tapojvAnA meM bhasma hone kA ukha hai| rAjA apane zatrayoM ko krodhAgni meM bhamma karatA hai, unhoN| kAma krodhAdi antaraga garayoM ko kapAya rahita cittavatti se naSTa kara diyA thaa| ataeva ve pravandhya kopa ho gae the| togare padya meM unake samasta jagata ko vazI. bhUta karane, kintu svayaM kimI ke vazIbhUta na hone me apUrva makaradhvaja kahA hai| cauthe padya meM unako eka pikAbhajana' padavI kI sArthakatA siddha kI hai| rAjamaMDala ko vaza karane ke atirikta yahAM pATana napanyA vaddhi-dvArA sasAra cakra paribhramaNa kA kSaya karane kA ullekha hai| pAcavaM padya meM unakI vidyA prApti ra maryAdAmro kA vajravedikA dvArA unakI jJAnavRddhi aura mahAnatA ke pranigAlana kA ullekha avita kiyA gayA 'ratna garna' vigaNa se unake darzana, jJAna aura cAritra rUpa ratnatraya kA bhAva prakaTa kiyA hai| unameM 'payAgyAna cAritra ke jaladhi' vizepaNa dvArA unake pUrNa muni pora utkRSTa dhyAnI hone kA spaSTa maketa hai| kyA ki yathAkhyAna cAla jaina siddhAnta ko viziSTa majJA hai, jo mUni saphala cAritra dvArA bhAvavizuddha meM kapAyA kA upazamata gAkSANa kara detA hai vaha yathAkhyAta cAritra kA dhArI hotA hai / antima padya meM unake ekAnta ko chor3akara syAdvAdanyAya kA avalambana lene kA spaSTa ullekha hai / aise nRpatuga ke zAsana kI vRddhi kI prAzA ko gaI hai| prINitaH prANisasyaudho nirIti nivagrahaH / zrImatAmoghavarSeNa yena sveSTa hitaiSiNA // 1 pAparUpAH parA yasya cittavRttihavirbha ji / bhasmasAddhAvamIyaste'vanadhyakopo'bhavattataH // 2 vazIkurvan jagatsarva svayaM nAnu vazaH praiH| nAbhibhUtaH prabhustasmAdapUrvamakaradhvajaH // 3 yo vikramakramAkrAMtacakicakRtakriyaH / cakrikAbhajano nAmnA cakrikA bhajano'jasA // 4 yo vidyAnadyadhiSThAnoM maryAdAvanavedikaH / ratnagarbho yathAkhyAtacAritrajaladhimahAn / / 5 vidhvastakAntapakSasya syAdvAdanyAyavAgniH / devasya napataM gasya varvatAM tasya zAsanam // 6 mahAvIrAcArya ne grantha '. prArambha meM gaNita kI pragasA karate hae likhA hai ki lakikA, vadika yona sAmAyika jo jo vyApAra hai una saba meM gaNita sakhyAna kA upayoga hai| kAma zAstra, apaMgAstra, gAndhava zAstra. nATaya zAstra, pAkazAstra, Ayurvedika aura vastu vidyA evachanda anakAra, kAvya taka vyAkaraNa yAdi kanAyo samasta guNoM meM gaNita atyanta upayogI hai| sUrya Adi graho kI gati ko zAna karane, grahaNa meM grahoM gati, prazna arthAta dika deza kAla ko jAnane tathA candramA ke parilekha meM, dvIpo gamudra', aura parvatA kA sakhyA, vyArA aura paridhi pAtAla loka, madhyaloka jyotirloka, svarga naraka, theNivaddha bhavanoM, sagAbhavanoM ora gamdAkAra mandirako pramANa gaNita kI sahAyatA se hI jAne jA sakate hai| prANiyoM ke sasthAna, unakI Ayu, yAtrA prora sahitA Adi se sambandha rakhane vAle sabhI viSaya gaNita se hI jJAta hote haiN| granthakAra ne likhA hai ki tIrthakara aura unakI zipya prazipyAdi kI prasiddha guru paramparA ge mAye hA

Page #222
188 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa -bhAga 2 sakhyAna rUpI gamudra meM se ratna kI / raha, pApANa ge kAcana ko bhAMti athavA zuktiyoM se muktA phala ko taraha sAra nikAla kara apanA zakti anugAH gaNita gAra ganaH ka karatA huuN| jo laghu hote hue analpArthaka / / gaNita sAra magrAma caM.vImata: palyA kA ullekha karate hue unake nAma isa prakAra diye hai, eka, daza, zata sahasra, dazagama, lakSa, dAlakSa voTi, dadAkoTi, zatakoTi, arbada, kharva, pana mahApana, kSANI,mahAkSANI, gagya, mahArASa kSita, mAkSAta, kSAma, mhaakssiim| aMkoM ke liye zabdo kA bhI prayoga kiyA hai, jame tAna ke liye ratna, chaha ke li. dravya, bhAta . li nattva, pannaga aura bhaya, ATha ke liye karma, tanu aora bhada, nA ke liya go padArtha yaadi| laghattama samApavartaka ke vipaya meM anusandhAna karane vAloM meM mahAvIrAcArya vidvAnA meM prathama gaNitajJa the, jinhoMne lAghavArtha niruddha, laghattama samApavartana kI kalpanA kii| mahAvIrAcArya ne niruddha kI paribhASA isa prakAra kI hai- 'chedoM ke mahattama gamApavaka aura umage bhAga dene para prApta labdhiyo kA guNanaphala niruddha kahalAtA hai| isa taraha yaha grapa gaNita ka oka viTogatAo ko liye hue hai| bhAratIya gaNitajJa vidvAnoM ne usakI prazasA karate hA likhA: - dA0 avadhaganArAyaNa giha na dhavalA TIkA kA bhUmikA meM likhA hai ki mahAvIrAcArya kA gaNitasAra samraha gatha sAmAnyarUpa brahya gupta zrIdharAcArya, bhAskara tathA anya hindU gaNatajJo ke grayoM ke samAna hAte hue ra bahatamA vAlA unase pUrNana Age hai| gaNitasAra abhinna gaNaka, bhAgahAra, varga, vargamUla, dhana, ghana-mUla, chinna, samaccheda, bhAgajAti, prabhAgajAti, bhAgAnuvandha, bhAgamAtR jAti, jagagika, maptarAzika, navarAzika, bhANDa, pratibhANDa, vyavahAra, mithaka vyavahAra bhAvyakavyavahAra, eka patrIkaraNa, zraNIvyavahAra, khAnavyavahAra, citivyavahAra, chAyA vyavahAra Adi gaNitoM kA vivecana kiyA hai| rekhAgaNita, bIjagaNita, aura pATI gaNita kI dRSTi se yaha grantha mahatvapUrNa hai| isa para eka saskRta TIkA bhI upalabdha hai| inakI do kRtiyA prAraha jyotininidhi, bhaura jAtaka tilaka / govindarAja kI uttarabhArata ko vijaya kA kAla-san 806 se 808 taka siddha hotA haiN| jaba ve san 814-815 meM siMhAsanArUDha hue, taba unakI avasthA chaha varSa kI thI / aura jaba 877 ke laga-bhaga rAjya kArya kA parityAga kiyA. nava unakI Ayu 70 varSa se kucha kama hI jAna par3atI hai| uma mamaya taka jinamenAcArya aura gaNabhadra kA svargavAsa ho cakA hogA, isI kAraNa unakI prazastiyoM meM amoghavarSa ke muni jIvana kA ullekha nahIM ho skaa| usase lagatA ki mahAvIracArya ne apanA gaNitamAra magraha dIkSA lI ke uparAnta bhani jIvana kegIvara kimI samaya racA hogaa| ataH mahAvIrAcArya kA samaya IsavI mana kI havA sadI hai| grantha kA nayA eDIsana jIvara rAja granthamAlA zolApura ro prakAzita ho cukA hai| aparAjita guru malamaghamtha nana gana ke mAlavAdi guru ke praziSya aura sumati pUjyapAda ke ziSya the| inha navasArI ji0 sUrata ke nAgamAnita janAlaya ke liye 'hiraNya yogA' nAma kA kheta dAna meM diyA thaa| inakA samaya zaka saM0743 man 821 jora '20 ma0878 hai / kyoki inheM vaha dAna ukta maMvat meM prApta huA thaa| __ --(e.pagrAphiyA iDakA ji0 21 pR0 133) (iNDiyana eNTikverI vA0 21 pR0133) lokasena (guNabhadrAcArya ke pramukha ziSya) lokamena gaNavArya ke ziSyoM pramukha gipya the| loka mena kI prazasti 28 va padya prArambha ho jAtI hai| unha'garukA dina sahAyatA de kara rAjananoM dvArA bahuta mAnyatA prApta kI thii| usa samaya rASTrakaTa nareza akAla pRthvI kA pAlana kara rahe the| unake pAsa hAthiyoM kI bahata bar3I senA thI, jinhoMne apane mada me gagA ke 1 Altchal, Thek Sitra kutis and their times P. 71-72 2. vidiA mana yatro lokameno munIza kaviravikavRttastagya zipyepa mukhya. / matanagiha pugagage prAya mAhAgya mucca-guruvinaya manapInmAnyatA svamya saddhiH // 28, u070pra0 -

Page #223
navamI-dazarvI zatAbdI ke AcArya 186 pAnI ko bhI kar3A kara diyA thA / usakA rAjya uttara meM gagA ke taTa taka rahaca gayA thaa| lAkamena ko prazasti ke anusAra usa samaya vahI samrATa thaa| una samaya bApura jana-dhana mAna nagara thA, uma vanavAga deza ko rAjadhAnI banane kA bhI gArava prApta he lokarIna vakAra ke niyAmo the / yara jima sliaa||laakaan ne uttara purANa kI apanI prazasti ke 15 va padya meM gaNabhadrAcArya kI stuti karate hue likhA hai |k- / gaNadrAcArya jayavana rahe, jo samasta yogiyo ke dvArA vandana ya hai, maba zreSTha kAdayA | agragAha, jAtra.yoM ke dvArA vandanA karane yogya hai, jinhoMne madana ke vilAsa kA jI- liyA hai, jinakA kAni: / / panAkA samasna dizA prA 7 phaTaga rahA hai| jA pAparUpI vRkSa kA kATane ke liye kaThAra ke samAna hai, aura samasta gajAmA ke dvArA vandanIya / ' lokasena ne yaha prazasti mahAmagalakArI pigala nAmaka TAka savata dhAvaga vadi camoturuvAra ke dina, pUrvA phAlgaNI sthita sihalagna bha, jabaki budha pAtAnakSatra kA, yAnimithuna rA , nagala dhanu rAzi kA, rAha tulA rAzi kA, sUrya karka rAzi kA syora vahaspAta vArAza para thA taba yaha uttara purANa pUga hayA --yaha grantha samApti kI tithi nahI kintu umA pUjA mahAtnava manAyA gy|paa| mama padya 'T yaH jJAta nahIM hotA ki guNabhadrAcArya usa rAmaya jIvita the| sabhavata. usa samaya unanA dava lokanA cakA thaa| usa samaya bakApura akAla varSa kA sAmanta lokAditya vanavAsa dasa para zAmana kara rahA thA, ji. jadhAnI bakApura yN| in| pitA kA nAma bakaya yA bakagaja thaa| usI ke nAma para ukta nagara vagAyA gayA thaa| inamA dhvajA pa. cAla kA cinha thaa| inake pitA aura bhAI bhI ceyjye| lokagena ne un- janArma kA na kara pAlA masana yazasbA batayA hai / caka loka sena ne apanI prazasti zaka sa. 80 (man 868) mekhiI hai, prata unakA samayamA ka, navamI zatAbdI antima caraNa hai| zrIdeva zrI deva kamalabhadra ke ziSya the| unhoMne sa0 616 aAzvina zuklA 18 vRhaspativAra ke dina lacchagirI (devagaDha) me stambha sthApita kiyaa| devagar3ha kA purAnA nAma lacchAira hai| jaina zilAlekha sa0 bhA02 pR0 150 syambhU kavi svayambha--kA janma brAhmaNa kula meM dayA , parana nena dharma pa: grA . jAkAra / , usakI usa para pUrI niSThA eva bhakti thii| kavi ke pitA kA nAma mArata dara para mAtA kA nAma nmn| yA / kavina svaya 1 bagyAna ga matagajA nijamada mogvinI magamA / gAdna vAri kalakita vaTa mura pItvA tRSa 26.30pra0 2. jamAlavarSabhUga ne pAyApalAmim 3. sajapani guNabhadra. garmayogIndra pAsa: / vAga'mA ma ma bA / jina gadanavilAmA dicalanIta - kAgnuThAra sarvabhUpAta / / / 12 4. shktt| kAlApatargatrAdhikATAminAsAna magalamahArthakAraNa gina nArmA / gama janagara de / / 25 zrI paJcamyA vudhArgayuji mA manicAre nudhAge pUrvAyA mihalagna dhanupi sa gati ya talAvAm / mUba zumA kulIra gAMvava gu.] 1 nita bhAva / prApnajya marvamAra jagAta pima - puSpamAlagaNam // 36 -u0 40 pra0 5. devo, uttarapurANa . 0 4, 5 6 (32 se 34) 6. paTamiraNI gavma sabhUga, bhArupa dava aNunaye / paumaca0 1102

Page #224
160 jana dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa -- bhagA: apane chanda grantha meM mAruta deva kA ullekha kiyA hai| bahuta saMbhava hai ki ve kavi ke pitA hI hoN| putra dvArA pitA ko kRtikA ullikhita honA koI Azcarya kI bAta nahI hai| kavi ko tona patniyA thii| Aditya devI jisane ayodhyA kADa lipi kiyA thaa| dUsarI prAmiavvA (amanAmbA) jisane paumacAraya ke vidyAdhara kANDa kI 20 saMdhiyAM likhavAI thii| aura tAsa pavitra garbha se tribhuvana svayabhU jamA pratibhAsampanna putra utpanna huyA thA, jo apane pitA ke samAna hA vidvAna aura kavi thaa| isake sivAya anya putrAdika kA koI ullekha nahA miltaa| kima jAna par3atA hai ki svayaMbhU ke anya pUtra bhI the / kyAki svayabhU ne pauma cArau kI prazasti ke zATave padya meM tihuyaNa svayabhU lahutaNa u, vAkya dvArA tribhuvana svayabhU ko laghu putra kahA, laghu putra kahane se anya putroM ke hone kA bhI sona milatA hai| vibhavanane aneka jagaha apane pitA ke sambandha ma bahuta sI bAta kahI hai / unI spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki svayabhUka kaI putra prAra zipya the| anya pUtra to dhana ke pIche dAr3a, kintu tribhuvana kA pitA ko sAhityika birAmata milI / kavivara svayam zarIra se dubale-patale aura unnata the, unakA nAka capaTI aura dAna virala / kavi svayaMbhU kozala deza ke nivAsI the| jinheM uttaragaya bhArata ke A-maNa ke samaya rASTrakUTa rAjA dhruva kA matrI rayaDA dhanaMjaya mAnya veTa le gayA thaa| rAjA dhrava kA rAjyakAla vi0 ma. 837 se 851 taka rahA hai / dhanajaya, dhavalaiyA pAra vadaiyA ye tInoM hA pitA putrAdi ke rUpa meM sambaddha jAna pahale hai| unakA kavi ke grantha nirmANa meM sahAyaka rahanA zruta bhakti kA paricAyaka hai| samaya kavi ne grantha meM apanA kAI samaya nahIM diyA hai, parantu panacarita ke kartA ravipaNa kA smaraNa jarUra kiyA hai| prAcArya ravipaNa ne padmacarita ko vIra nirvANa sa0 1203 vi0 saM0733 meM banAkara samApta kiyA hai| ata: va vi0 sa0 733 ke bAda kimo samaya hue hai| zraddhaya paM0 nAthagama jI pramIne likhA hai ki-strayabhUne riTraNemi carita meM harivaza pUrANa ke kartA punnATa sadhI jinamena kA ullekha nahIM kiyA, ho sakatA hai ki ukta ullekha kisI kAraNa chaTa gayA ho, yA unheM likhanA svaya yAda na rahA ho / rituNabhicArau kA dhyAna ge samIkSaNa karane para yA anya sAmagrI se anusandhAna karane para yaha spaSTa jarUra ho jAyagA ki granthakatI ne usako racanA meM usakA upayoga kiyA yA nahI / bhaTTAraka yazaH kAtike uddhAra kAla meM pUrva kI koI prati 15 vI zatAbdI ko likho haI kahIM mila jAya to usa samasyA kA hala zoghra ho sakatA hai| svayabhU ke putra tribhavana svayaMbhU ne 'riTaNe micariu' kI 104 vA madhi meM prAkRta-maskRta aura apabhraza ke 70 kalaga-bhaga pUrvavartA kaviyA ke nAma ginAya he / unameM jina manAcArya pAra guNabhadrAcAya kA bhI nAmAlnakha kiyA hai| unakA ullekha nimna prakAra hai : davila, pacAla, gayanda, Izvara, gAla, kaThAbharaNa, mohAkalasa (mohakalaza) loluya (loluka) bandhudatta, haridatta, dAla, vANa, pigala, kalamiyaka, kulacandra, madanAdara, gADa, zrImaghAta, mahAkavi tu ga, cArudata, ruddaDa (rudraTa) ji. kavila ahimAna, guNAnurAga, duggaha, IsAna, idraka, vastrAdana, NArAyaNa, mahaTTa, sAhappa, kAtiraNa, pallavakitti gaNaddha, gaNaza, bhAsaDa, pizuna, gobinda, yAla (banAta) visayaDa, NAga, paNDaNatta, mugrAva, panali, vIrasena mallipaNa madhukara caturAnana (ca umukha) saghasena, yakuya, varddhamAna siddhasana, jAva yA jIvadava, dayorida, meghAla, vilAliya, puNDarIka, vasudeva, bhI uya, praharIka, dRr3hamati, gRhatthi bhAvakSa, yakSa, droNa, paNabhadra, zrIdatta dharmagana, jinasena, 1. mano vi jagomohai NittAga vidana davya mnaann| tihuvaraNa maMyabhUNA puNU gahiya mRgAHtta-manAgA // -antimanaga 3, 7, 6 aura 10 2. adanAANa paIhara gale chibbara gAse pavigladate / / 10 ca010 24 3. hindI kAvyadhArA pR0 23

Page #225
navamI-dazavI zatAbdI ke AcArya 161 dinakara, NAga, dharma, gaNabhadra, kuzala, svayaMbhadeva, vIravadaka, sarvanandi, kalikAbhadra, NAgadeva aura bhvnNdi| _ina kaviyo meM jaina janatara prAkRta gaskRta aura apabhrazabhApakaM kavi zAmina / jaise govida, mallipeNa, caturAnana, saMghasena varddhamAna, giddhagaMna zrIdatta, dharmagena, jinagena, jinadatta, gaNabhadra, svayabhUdeva, sarvanandi, nAga deva aura bhavanandi Adi jana kavi pratIna hote haiN| saMbhava hai, inameM pora jI cAra pAca nAma hoN| kyoMki unakA graMtha paricayAdi ke binA ThIka parijJAna nahIM hotaa| igase yaha bhI spaSTa hai ki unase pUrva aneka kavi apabhraza ke bhI ho gaye haiN| ina meM ullikhita gaNabhadrAcArya rASTrakaTa gajA kRSNa dvitIya ke zikSaka the| gaNabhadra kA samaya vikrama kI 10 vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvAdha hai / ho sakatA hai ki svayabha gaNabhadra ke gamaya nahIM rahe ho, kintu tribhuvana svayabhU to maujada the| isI ge unhoMne unakA nAmamAgya kiyA hai| jinamena ne apanA haribA pUgaNa zaka maM0 705 vi. saM. 840 meM banAkara mamApta kiyA hai / svayaMbhU ne jaba apanA grantha banAyA, uma mamaya gaNabhadra nahIM hAge / kintu harivaMza purANa ke kartA ke mamaya taka ve avazya rahe hoge / ataH riTamircAra u ke raciyatA svayabhU deva ke samaya kI pUrvAvadhi vi0 se 800 aura unarAvadhi vi0 ga.100 mAnane meM kAI bAdhA nahI jAna pdd'taa| ataeva svayaMbhU vikrama kA 6 vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna hone caahiye| yadi rayaDA dhanajaya kI bAta svIkRta kI jAya, to rASTrakUTa dhrava kA rAjya kAla vi. sa837 sa0 85.1 naka rhaa| isase bhI gvayabha deva kA samaya vikrama kI havI zatAbdo kA madhya kAla sunizcita hotA hai / image svayadeva punATa maghIya jinasena kA prAyaH samakAlIna jAna par3ate haiN| kannar3a kavi jayakInine 'chadonugAsana' nAma kA grantha banAyA hai, usakI hastalikhita prati ma0 1162 kI jaisalamera ke zAstra bhaDAra meM surakSita hai| yaha gratha eca DI0 velakara dvArA sampAdita ho cukA hai| .isa grantha meM kavine svayaMbhUchanda ke 'nandinI' chanda kA ullekha kiyA hai| kavi jaya kautikA samaya vikrama ko dazavoM zatAbdI kA parvArdha yA nauvI zatAbdI kA upAntya honA caahiye| kyoMki dazavIM zatAbdI ke kavi asaga ne jayakoti kA ullekha kiyA hai| isase bhI svayaMbhU kA samaya havI zatAbdI pAtA hai| racanAe~ kavi svayaMbhU-tribhuvana svayaMbhU kI tIna racanAeM upalabdha haiN| pauma cariu, riTaNemicariu aura svayaMbhU chanda / inameM paumacariu yA gamakathA bahata hI sundara kRti hai| isameM 80 sandhiyA hai, jo pAMcakANDo meM vibhakta haiN| vidyAdhara kANDa meM 20, ayodhyAkANDa meM 22, sundara kANDa meM 14, aura uttarakANDa meM 13 sandhiyAM haiN| jinameM svayaMbhU deva racita 83 sandhiyAM hai| zepa unake putra tribhuvana strayabhU dvArA racI gaI haiN| grantha meM prArambhika pIThikA ke anantara jambadvIpa kI sthiti, kulakarI kI utpatti, ayodhyA meM Rpabhadeva kI utpatti tathA jIvana paricaya, laMkA meM devatAoM aura vidyAdharoM ke vaza kA varNana, ayodhyA meM rAjA dazaratha aura rAma-lakSmaNa Adi kI utpatti, bAlyAvasthA, janaka kI putrI sItA se vivAha, gama-lakSmaNa-sItA kA vanavAsa, saMbUka maraNa, sItAharaNa, rAvaNa me rAmalakSmaNa kA yuddha, gugrIva Adi ge rAma kA milApa, lakSmaNa ke zakti kA laganA aura upacAra Adi / vibhISaNa kA rAma se milanA, rAvaNa maraNa, laMkA vijaya, vibhIpaNa ko rAjya prApti, rAma-sItA-milana, ayodhyA ko prasthAna bharata dIkSA, va tapazcaraNa, sItA kA lokApavAda se nirvAsana, lava-kuza utpatti, sItA kI agni parIkSA dIkSA aura tapazcaraNa, lakSmaNa maraNa, rAma kA zokAkula honA, aura pravuddha hone para dIkSA lekara tapazcaraNa karake kaivalya prApti ora nirvANa lAbha, AdikA savistara kathana diyA huA hai| isa grantha meM rAma kathA kA vaho rUpa diyA hai, jo vimalasUri ke pauma-cariu meM prora raviSeNa ke padmacarita meM pAyA jAtA hai| grantha meM rAmakathA ke una sabhI aMgoM ko carcA kI gaI hai jinakA kathana eka mahAkAvya meM mAvazyaka hotA hai / isa daSTi me paumacariu ko mahAkAvya kahA jAya to koI atyukti na hogii| grantha meM koI durUhatA nahIM haiM. vaha sarala aura kAvya-sondarya kI anupama chaTA ko liye hue haiN| samUcAvarNana kAvyAtmaka-saundarya aura sarasatA se prota prota hai, par3hate hue chor3ane ko jI nahIM cAhatA / kavitA kI zailI jahAM kathA-sUtra ko lekara Age baDhatI hai aura vahAM vaha saralatA tathA svAbhAvikatA kA 1. jaina graMtha prazasti saMgraha bhA0 2, prastAvanA pR0 46 /

Page #226
192 jaina dharma kA prAcIna : nihAma-bhAga 2 nirvAha karatI hai| kintu jahA kavi prakRti kA citraNa karane lagatA hai, vahAka eka alaMkana savidhAna kA prAzraya kara UnI ur3AA bharatA hai| mAMdArA kI upamA draSTavya hai-godAvarA nada. vasudhArUpA nAyikA kI vakita phenAvalI ke valaya meM alakRta dAhinI bAraho haa| jise umo vakSamyApa' pustAhAra dhAraNa karane vAle pati ke gale meM DAla rakvA hai| kavi kI kucha paktiyA vasudhA kI roma-rAji mada jAna par3atI hai| yuddha meM lakSmaNa ke zakti lagane para ayodhyA ke anna pura meM striyo kA vilApa kitanA karuNa hai 'duHgyAtura hoka: mabhI gene lage, maan| garvatranAka ho para diyA hA / bhUtvanA hAtha uThA-uThA kara rone lage, mAnoM kamalavana himavana me vikSita hA uThA ho| rAma ko manA lAmAnya nAga ke gAna gA lagI, sundarI umilA hataprabha ho rone lagI, sumitrA vyAkula ho uTho, genoha mitrA ne marma jamoM ko lA diyA kinA hai ki kAruNya pUrNa kAvyakathA me kAma ke prAmu no prA jAte / bharata pora rAma kA vilA kise vilina nahIM krtaa| imA taraha rAvaNa kI matyu hone para vibhAga gora mandodarI ke vilApakA varNana vala pAThako netroM ko hI sikta nahIM karatA, pratyuta gavaNa-mandodarI aura vinApaNa ke udAna bhAvoM kA smaraNa karAtA hai| mo nagada ajanA sundarI ke viyoga meM pavana jaya kA vilApa citragamI pagAra kA vicalina diye binA nahI rhtaa| grantha meM RtabhA kA kathAno naMgagika hI hai, kintu prakRti ke sAndarya kA vivana bhI apUrva humA hai| nArI citraNa gapTa kaTa nArI kA citra vaDA hI sundara hai| kavi ne gama aura saMnA ke rUpa meM papa aura nArI kA ramaNIya tathA sthAnAvika citraNa kiyA hai| pUruNa aura nArI ke sambandhoM jeyA mAtta aura yAthA tathya citraNa sonA ko agni parIkSA ke samaya darlabha hai grantha meM sInA ke gramita dharma, mAhama aura udAtta gaNo kA varNana nAro kI mahattA kA dyotaka hai, usake satItva kI prAbhA ne nArI ke kalaMka ko dhAdiyA hai| grantha kA kathA bhAga kitanA citrAkarpaka hai, ise batalAne kI AvazyakatA nahI hai| sahasrArjuna kI jala krIr3A kA varNana advitIya he / yuddha ke varNana meM bhI kavi ne apanI kuzalatA kA paricaya diyA hai jise par3hate hI sainikoM ke prayANa kI pagadhvani kAnoM me gUjane lagatI hai aura zabda yojanA to usake utsAha kI savardhaka he hii'| 1 pheraNAvani vakiya va nayAlakira, gA mahi vaha ahe tggiyaa| jAgihi bhanAra ho moni-hAnI, bAMha pamAgyi dAhiggiA // " paumacariu 2. "satyavi gAgAviha kAmagA, Na mahika / vaha ahi gema-gaI / " vhii| 3. "duk vA uru geTa madhanu gora, Na caNivi carcA pavi bhariu mAu / getra bhicca gu samuddAtya, raNa kamala-sad hima-pavA tya / / gevai Aga iva gama nagariga, kekaya dAya tara mUtra-- gaga riga / gevaH musaha vicchApa jaya, garaH mumina momini-mA: / / hA pana para / kehi gamoni, ki mattiA vaccha kelaM hami / hA putta / mara gubha jo haomi, dabaMga keNa viccho omi / pattA- banie lAraNa-mAgie, mayata lou gevA viu / kAmagAra kAya kahAe jiha, koNa amumuaaviyu||" - paumacariu, madhi 66-13 4. dekho, pauma ritu madhi 673-4, maMdhi 66, 10-12 5. dego, paumacariu .6,8-11, 76,2-3 / 6. dekho maghi 14,6 7. kevi jasaluddha, saNNaddha koha / ke vi mumitta-putta, mukalatta-catta-moha /

Page #227
navamI aura dazavI zatAbdI ke AcArya 193 dUsarA grantha 'riTaNemicariu' he jima meM 112 sadhiyA ora 1637 kavaka hai / inameM 6 mandhiyA svayabhU dvAga racI gaI haiM gepa 1. sandhiyo svayabhU ke putra tribhavana svayama kI banAI huI hai| kintu antima kucha sandhiyA khaNDita ho jAne ke kAraNa bhaTTAraka yaza kIti ne apane guru gaNakIti ke sahAya se gopAcala ke samIpa sthita kumAra nagara ke paNiyAra caityAlaya ma usakA samaddhAra kiyA thA aura pariNAma svarUpa unhona ukta sthAnoM meM apanA nAma bhI akita kara diyaa| grantha meM cAra kANDa hai, yAdava, kuru, yuddha pAra uttara kANDa / prathama kANDa me 13 sandhiyA~ haiN| jiname kRSNa janma, bAlalAlA, vivAhakathA, pradyumna grAdi kI kathAe~ aura bhagavAna neminAtha ke janma kI kathA dI huI hai| ye samudavijaya ke putra aora kRSNa ke cacere bhAI the| dUsare kANDa me 16 mandhiyA hai, jinameM korava-pANnvI ke janma, bAlyakAna, zikSA prAdi kA kathana, parampara kA vaimanasya, yudhiSThira kA dyata nIDA me pagajita honA, dApadI kA cIra haraNa, tathA pAThavA ka bArata varSa ke vanavAsa Adi kA vistRta varNana hai| tRtIya vANTa me 60 sandhiyA~ hai| korava-pANDavo ke yuddha varNana me pAvo kI nijaya aura koravoMkI parAjaya prAdi kA sundara citraNa kiyA gayA hai| prora uttara kANDa ko 20 mandhiyA ma kRSNa ke ganigo ke bhavAtara, gAkumAra kA nirvANa, dvIpAyanamuni dvArA dvArikAdAha, kRSNanidhana, balabhadrazAka, haladhara dIkSA, jaratkumAra kA rAjyalAbha, pANDavo kA gRhavAma, moha parityAga, dIkSA, napazcaraNa pAra upasarga gahana tathA unake bhavAtara Adi kA kathana, bhagavAna neminAtha ke nirvANa ke bAda 77 vI madhi ke pazcAt diyA hayA hai| riTagAmicariu kI madhi puppi kAno meM svayabhU ko dhavalaiyA kA Athita, aura tribhavana svayaMbhU ko vandaiyA kA Athita batalAyA hai| matsya deza ke rAjA virATa ke mAle kAcaka ne dropadI kA sabake mAmane apamAna kiyaa| kavi kalpanA dvArA use mUrtimAna banA datA hai| yamadUta kI taraha kIcakane dopadI kA keza-pAza pakaDa kara gvIcA mora use laatmaage| yaha dekhakara rAjA yudhiSThira mUchita ho ge| bhImara pa ka mAre vakSa kI ora dekhane lage ki uge kisa taraha maare| kintu yudhiSThira ne para ke agUTha se unheM manA kara diyaa| udhara pUra kI naariy| vyAkula ho kahA lagI ki isa dagdha zarIra kA dhikkAra hai, isane aisA jaghanya kArya kyA kiyA? kalIna nAriyo kA to ava maraNa hI ho gayA, jahA rAjA hI durAcAra karatA ho, vahA sAmAnya jana kyA kareMge? so teNa vilakkhI havAeNa, aNulagge jiha jama duuyenn| vihure hi dhare vicalaNehi haya, pekvatahaM rAyahaM muccha gaya / maNi rosa paTTiya vallabhaho, kira deha didva taru pallava ho / maru mArami macchu sa-mehuNauM, paTavami kayaMta ho pAhuNau / to tava-sueNa prAruTTaeNa, viNivAriu calaNa gutttthenn| prosAriu viproyaru saNiyau, paravara NAriu jAdaNiyau / dhi-dhi daNDa sarIra kAikiu, kUlajAyaha-jAyahaM maraNathiu / rjAha pau duccAriu samAyarai, nahi jaNa tammaNNu kAI karai // -sadhi 28-7 grantha me vIra, zRgAra, karuNa aura zAnta raso kA mukhya rUpa se kathana hai / vIra rasa ke sAtha zRgAra rasa kI abhivyakti apabhraza kAvyo me hI daSTigocara hotI hai| alakAro meM upamA pAra zleSa kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| kevi NImarativIra, adharava tugadhIra / sAyaralava apamAgaga, ka jarabya diNNaNAraNa / ke marivya udvakema, catta savva-jIvigasa / kevi mAmi-bhatti-vata, macchigaggi-pajjalata ke vi Ahave abhaga, ku kuma pasAhi ag| (paumacariu 57-2

Page #228
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 isI saMdhi ke 15ve kaDavaka meM dropadI ke apamAna se kruddha bhIma kA aura kIcaka kA paraspara bAhu yuddha kA varNana bhI sajIva huA hai : 164 raNa meM kuzala bhIma aura kIcaka donoM eka dUsare se bhir3a ge| donoM hI hajAroM yuvA hAthiyoM ke samAna balavAle the| donoM hI parvata ke bar3e zikhara ke samAna lambe the| donoM hI megha ke samAna garjanA vAle the| donoM ne hI apane apane proMTha kATa rakhe the, unake mukha krodha se tamatamA rahe the / netra gujA ( ciramaTI gha ghacI) ke samAna lAla ho gae the| donoM ke vakSasthala prakAza ke samAna vizAla aura dono ke bhujadaNDa paridhi ke samAna pracaDa the' / kavi ne zarIra kI asAratA kA digdarzana karate hue likhA hai ki mAnava kA yaha zarIra kitanA ghinAvanA aura zirAnoM snAyuoM se vadhA huA asthiyoM kA eka DhAcA yA poTTala mAtra hai / jo mAyA aura madarUpI kacare se sar3a rahA hai, mala pa ja hai, kRmikIToM se bharA huA hai, pavitra gava vAle padArtha bhI isase durgandhita ho jAte haiM, mAsa ra rudhira se pUrNa carma vRkSa se ghirA huA hai - camar3e kI cAdara DhakA huA hai, durgandha kAraka AtA kI yaha poTalI aura pakSiyoM kA bhojana hai| kalupatA se bharapUra isa zarIra kA koI bhI aMga caMgA nahI hai / camar3I utAra dena para yaha duSprekSya ho jAtA hai, jala bindu tathA suradhanu ke samAna asthira aura vinazvara hai / aise ghRNita zarIra se kauna jJAnI rAga karegA ? yaha vicAra hI jJAnI ke liye vairAgyavardhaka hai / tIsarI kRti svayaMbhU chanda grantha hai, jo prakAzita ho cukA hai aura jisakA sampAdana eca. DI. velakara ne kiyA hai / tribhuvana svayaMbhU ne unhe, 'chanda cUr3AmaNi' kahA hai| isase ve chanda vizeSajJa the, isakA sahaja hI AbhAsa ho jAtA hai / isa graMtha meM prAkRta aura apabhraMza bhASA ke chandoM kA svarUpa maya udAharaNoM ke diyA gayA hai| isake antima adhyAya meM gAhA, aDilla, aura paddhaDiyA Adi svopajJa chandoM ke udAharaNa diye hai / unameM jinadeva kI stuti hai / grantha ke anta koI paricayAtmaka prazasti nahI hai / isa grantha kA sabase purAtana ullekha jayakIrti ne apane chandonuzAsana meM kiyA hai| jisameM svayabhU ke nandinI chanda kA ullekha hai| isase spaSTa hai ki svayaMbhU ke chanda grantha kA 10vI zatAbdI meM pracAra ho gayA thA / jayakIti kA samaya vitrama kI dazamI zatAbdI hai / jayakIrti kannaDa prAnta ke nivAsI aura digambara jaina dharma ke anuyAyI the / svayabhU chanda grantha meM apane granthoM ke atirikta anya grantha kartAo ke bhI udAharaNa diye hai / ' vammaha tilaa' ke udAharaNa meM ( 6 - 42 meM ) paumacariu kI 65vI sandhi kA pahalA padya diyA hai'| 'raNAvalI' ke udAharaNa meM (6-74) meM 77vI sandhi ke 13ve kaDavaka kA antima padya hai / isa taraha yaha chada grantha mahatvapUrNa hai / tribhuvanasvayaMbhU ne, jo svayaMbhU kA laghuputra thA usane apane pitA ke paumacariu, harivazapurANa aura paMcamI carita ko samhAlA thA, unakA samaya 10 vI zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha hai / isakA alaga paricaya nahI likhA / svayabhU deva ne 'paMcamIcariu' grantha bhI banAyA thA / kintu vaha anupalabdha hai / paumacariu meM likhA hai ki 1 to bhiDivi parodhayaraNa kumala, viSNivi gAyagAya mahassa-bala / viNi vi giri ta ga siMga mihara, viSNivi jala harava gahira gira / viNi viTTo rudda vayaNa, viSNi vi gajAhala sama-Nayaraga / viNi vi hayala rui vacchathala, viSNu vi parihoma - bhuja- jugala | 2. dekho, riTThANe micariu 54 - 11 3 tumha paa kamalamUle amha jiga dukkha bhAvataviyAi / duru DhalliyAI jiraNavara ja jAraNamu ta karejjAsu // 38 - jiNaraNAme chidevi mohajAla, uppajjai devallamAmi sAlu / jiNaraNAme kammara hilevi, mokyagge paisia suha lahevi // 44 4. jayakIrti ne apane chanda grantha meM svayabhU ke nandinI chanda kA ullekha kiyA hai / tathA padma padmanidhijaMto jarI, svayabhudeveza mate tu nandinI ||22|| - riTThamicariu 28 - 15 tI 5. haNavaMta raNe parivedvijjaI gisiyarehi / NaM gayaNayale bAladivAyaru jalaharehi || 6. suravara DAmaru viNu daTTha jAma jagakayai / aNNu kahi mahu cukkai evaNAi sihi jaMpai / /

Page #229
navamI dazavI zatAbdI ke AcArya 165 yadi svayaMbhU deva ke laghuputra tribhuvana na hAte to unake paddhaDiyAbaddha paMcamI carita' ko kona saMbhAratA? isase spaSTa hai ki svayabhU ne pacamI carita kI racanA kI thii| svayaMbhU vyAkaraNa-svayabhadeva ne svayaMbhU chanda ke samAna apabhraza kA vyAkaraNa bhI banAyA thaa| paumacariu ke eka padya meM likhA hai ki apabhraza rUpa matavAlA hAthI taba taka hI svacchandatA meM bhramaNa karatA hai jaba taka ki usa para svayabhU vyAkaraNa rUpa aMkuza nahI par3atA / isameM unake vyAkaraNa gratha banAye jAne kA rapaSTa nirdeza hai, para kheda hai ki vaha anupalabdha hai| abhayanandi abhayanandi- vyAkaraNa zAstra ke niSNAta vidvAna the| inakA vyAkaraNa-viSayaka jJAna kevala jainendra vyAkaraNa taka hI sImita nahIM thA, kintu pANinIya vyAkaraNa aura patarjAla mahAbhApya meM bhI unakI apratyAhata gati thii| abhayanandi kI eka mAtra kRti 'mahAvRtti ha, jo jainendra vyAkaraNa kI sabage bar3I TIkA hai| mahAvRtti ke sthala unake vyAkaraNa viSayaka abhUta pUrva pANDitya kA nidarzana karAte hai| yathA-rAha sUtra kI vyAkhyA me 'pravitapya' prayoga kI siddhi ka sambandha meM jA vicAra kiyA hai vaha anyatra nahIM miltaa| mahattA -- abhayanandi kRta mahAvRtti kA parimANa bAraha hajAra zloka jitanA hai / yadyapi mahAvRtti kArane kAzikA kA upayoga kiyA hai, kintu donoM kI tulanA karane se jJAta hotA hai ki abhaya nandi ne jA udAharaNa diye hai| ve kAzikA meM upalabdha nahIM hota / jNge-1|4|15 ve udAharaNa meM anuzAlibhadram ADhyAH / 'anusamantabhadra taakikaa:'4|1|16 ke udAharaNa ma 'upasiha nandina kavaya.' / 'upasiddhasena vayAkaraNA.' / saba veyAkaraNa siddhasena se hIna hai| 1 / 3 / 10 ke udAharaNa meM 'pA kumAra yazaH samantabhadrasya' vAkyo dvArA samantabhadra, sihanandi aura middhamena kA nAmollekha hai| mahAvRtti ke sUtra 3 / 2 / 55 kI TIkA meM eka sthala para akalaGka deva ke tattvArthavAtika kA ullekha kiyA hai| ata: abhayanandI kA samaya prakalaka deva ke bahata bAda kA jAna paDatA hai| yacchabda lakSaNamavaja pAramanya, ravyaktamuktimabhidhAnavidhIdaridraiH / tatsarvalokahRdayapriyacAruvAkya rvyaktI karotyabhayanandimuniH samastam // kaThinatA se pAra pAne yogya jisa zabda lakSaNa ko daridro ne vyAkhyA karane me spaSTa nahI kiyaa| usa sampUrNa zabda lakSaNa ko abhayanandi muni sabake hRdayo ko priya lagane vAle sundara vAkyo se spaSTa karatA hai| isa zloka ke pUrvArdha se spATa jAna par3atA hai ki abhayanandi se pUrva jenendra vyAkaraNa para aneka vRttiyA~ bana cakI thii| jiname sUtro kI pUrNa ora spaSTa vyAmyA nahIM thii| isame mahAvRtti kI mahattA kA spaSTa vAdha hotA hai| abhayanandI ne apane samaya kA koI ullekha nahI kiyA aura kisa rAjA ke gajyakAla meM grantha kA nirmANa huaA, isakA bhI utlekha nahIM kiyaa| ata abhayanandI kA samaya vivAdAspada hai| DAkTara velvekkara ne apane 'sisTama Apha saskRta grAmara' meM abhayanandI kA samaya sana 750 (vi0 saM0807) mAnA hai / para mahAvRtti kA adhyayana karane se mahAvatti kA racanAkAla havI zatAbdI jJAta hotA hai| anantavIrya anantavIrya-ravibhadra pAdopajIvI the| inakI eka mAtra kRti 'siddhi vinizcaya' TIkA hai / yaha akalaGka vAGmaya ke paDita the| aura unake vivecaka aura marmajJa the| prabhAcandra ne inakI uktiyoM me akalaGka devake duravagAha grantho kA acchA prabhyAsa aura vivecana kiyA thaa| prAcArya anantavIrya kI siddhi vinizcaya TIkA bar3I hI mahatvapUrNa hai, usameM darzanAntarIya matoM kI vistRta AlocanA kI gaI hai| TIkA meM dharmakIti, arcaTa, dharmottara aura prajJAkara gRta grAdi prasiddha vidvAnoM ke matoM ke avataraNa uddhata kiye hai| inake atirikta anantavIrya TIkA meM 'Uho mati nibandhanaH' vAkya uddhata kiyA hai| vidyAnanda ke tattvArthazloka vAnika pRSTa 166 meM yaha vAkya isa rUpa meM upalabdha hai: 'samAropacchi dUho'tra mAnaM matinibandhanaH' (tattvA0 zlo01-13-60 7. jANa hua chanda cuDAmaNisma tihuaraNasayaMbha lahu tagAu / to paddhaDiyA kavva siri pacami ko samAreu /

Page #230
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 ataH vidyAnanda (I0840) kA avataraNa lene vAle tathA vidyAnanda ke uttaravartI anantavIrya ke svataHprAmANya bhaMga kA ullekha karane vAle anantavIyaM kA samaya IsA kI havI kA uttarArdha yA 10vI kA pUrva bhAga honA caahiye| anantavIrya ne apanI TIkA ke pa0 246 meM karmabandha ke prakaraNa meM 'tadukta vAkya ke sAtha nimna zloka uddhRta kiyA hai : eSo'haM mamakarmazarmaharatetadvandhanAnyAsravaiH, te krodhAdivazAH pramAdajanitAH krodhAdayaste'vatAt / mithyAjJAna kRtAttato'smi satataM samyakatvavAna sukhataH, dakSaH kSINakaSAyayogatapasAM katai ti makto yatiH / / yaha zloka yazastilakacampU ke uttarArdha pR0 246 meM pAyA jAtA hai isI bhAva kA eka zloka guNabhadrAcArya ke prAtmAnuzAsana meM bhI upalabdha hotA hai| prastyAtmAstimitAdibandhanagataH tadabandhanAnyAstravaiH, te krodhAdikRtAH pramAdajanitAH krodhaadyste'vtaat| mithyAtvopacitAt sa eva samalaH kAlAdilabdhau kvacita, samyaktvavatadakSatAkaluSatAyogaiH kramAnmucyate // 241 ina donoM zlokoM ke bimba pratibimba bhAva hI nahIM kintu zabda racanA bhI milatI julatI hai| isame anantavIrya kA mamaya somadeva ke bAda zaka saM0881 san 656 I. ke pAsa-pAsa honA caahiye| hammaca ke zilAlekha meM anantavIrya ko vAdirAja ke dAdA guru zrIpAla vidyadeva kA sadharmA likhA hai / vAdirAja ke dAdA guru kA samaya 50 varSa mAna liyA jAya to anantavIrya kI sthiti 975 I. ke pAsa-pAsa __ isa samaya kA samarthana zAntimUri (I0 san 663-1047) aura vAdirAja (1015 I0) ke dvArA kiye anantavIrya ke ullekhoM se ho jAtA hai| prabhAcandra anantavIrya kI uktiyoM ko muna sakate haiN| __DA0 AdinAtha neminAtha upAdhye ne ke0 vI0 pAThaka kI AlocanA karate hue anantavIrya kA samaya IsA kI 8vIM sadI kA pUrvArdha batalAyA hai / parantu vaha DA0 mahendra kumAra jI ko mAnya nahIM hai, unakA kahanA hai ki -anantavIrya kI samayAvadhi san 950 se 160 taka nizcita hotI hai| devendra saiddhAntika devendrasaiddhAntika-mUla saMdha, dezIyagaNa pustaka gaccha aura kundakundAnvaya ke vidvAna traikAlayogI ke ziSya the5 / inake vidyAgaru guNanandI the| jinake tIna sau ziSya the| unameM 72 zipya utpkRTa koTi ke vidvAna aura vyAkhyAna paTa the| unameM prasiddha muni devendra the, jo naya-pramANa meM nipuNa the| yaha caturma kha deva ke nAma se bhI prasiddha the. kyoMki inhoMne cAroM dizAoM kI ora mukha karake ATha-pATha upavAsa kiye the| yaha baMkApura ke prAcAryoM ke adhinAyaka the| 1. jaina lekha ma. bha03 pR0 72, 2. nyAya kumudracandra pR0 76, 3. jaina darzana varSa 4 aMka: 4. siddhivinizcaya prastAvanA pR087 5. zrI mUlamagha-dezIyagaNa-pustaka gacchataH / jAtantrakAla yogIga: kSIgabbegvi kaustubhaH / / 35 naccAritra vadhU putraH zrI devendra munIzvaraH / siddhAntikAgraNostammai baMkeyo (yAmadAnma) dA / / 36 -jana0 le0saM0bhA0 210145 6. nacchiSyAmpiganAvivekanidhayazAstrAbdhi pAraGgatA - mteSa-kRpTanamA dvisaptatimitAmsiddhAnnazAstrArthaka--. vyAkhyAne paTavI vicitra caritAgnegu pramiddho muniH; nAnAnUnanaya-pnamAgA nipuNo devendra maddhAntikaH / / 8 -jaina legva maM0 bhA0 150 72 7. bakApura munIndro'bhUda devendro rundra mdgunnH| siddhAntAdyAgamArtha jJo majJAnAdi guNAnvitaH ||--jain lekha saM0 bhA02 10116

Page #231
navamI-dazavI zatAbdI AcArya 167 zaka saM0 782 san 860 ke tAmrapatra se jJAtA hai ki amodha varSa prathama ne apane rAjya ke 52veM varSa meM mAnya kheTa meM jainAcArya devendra ko dAna diyA thaa| amoghavarSa ne yaha dAna apane adhonastha rAja karma cArI baDUya kI mahatvapUrva sevA ke upalakSya meM kolanara meM vaGkaya dvArA sthApita jinamandira ke liye devendra mUni ko taleyUra nAma kA pUrA gAMva aura dUsare gAvoM kI kucha jamIna pradAna kI thii| yaha dAna zaka sa0 782 (san 860- vi0 saM0 617) meM diyA gayA thaa| isase devendra saiddhAntika kA samaya IsA kI navamI aura vikrama kI dazamI zatAbdI ke dha hai| inake ziSya kaladhautanandI the / jinakA paricaya nIce diyA gayA hai| kaladhautanandi kaladhautanandi-mUlasaMgha dezIya gaNa pustaka gaccha ke vidvAna guNanandi ke praziSya aura devendra saiddhAntika ke ziSya the| baDe bhArI saiddhAntika aura pacAkSarUpa unnata gaja ke kaM bhasthala ko phAr3akara mUktAphala prApta karane vAle kezarI siMha the| vidvAnoM ke dvArA stUta aura vAkya rUpI kAminI ke vallabha the| caMki devendra saiddhAntika ko rASTrakaTa rAjA amodha varSa prathama ne baGkaya dvArA sthApita jinAlaya ke liye 'kolanara' meM 'taleyUra' nAmakA grAma aura dUsare grAmoM kI kucha jamIna pradAna kI thii| yaha lekha zaka saM0752 sana 860 (vi0 saM0617) kA likhA hayA hai| ataH kaladhautanandi kA samaya bhI IsA kI navamI (vi. kI 10) zatAbdI ho sakatA hai| (jaina lekha saM0 bhA02 pR0 141) vRSabhanandI siddhabhUSaNa saiddhAntika muni kA ullekha prAyazcittake eka saMskRta 'graMtha jItasArasamuccaya, kI prazasti meM kiyA gayA hai| inheM mAnyakheTa meM maja kandakandAcArya 'nAmAMkita' jItopadezikA' nAma kA grantha prApta haA thaa| aura jo saMbharI sthAna meM cale gaye the| hI munirAja ne usakI vyAkhyA vRSabhanandI ko kI thI taba vaSabhanandI, jo nandanandI ke ziSya, aura rUkSAcArya ke prazipya the| jItasAra samuccaya grantha kI racanA saMskRta padyoM meM kI thii| aura harSanandI ne sundara akSaroM meM likhA thaa| vRpabhanandI kA yaha grantha mahatvapUrNa hai, isameM prAyazcinta kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| isakA prakAzana honA caahiye| yaha ajamera ke bhaTTArakIya zAstra bhaNDAra meM maujUda hai| isase inakA samaya navamI zatAbdI jAna par3atA hai| tacchipyaH kaladhItanandimUnipamsaddhAntacakrezvaraH, pAgavAraparItadhAririga kUlavyAptokIrtIzvara / paJcAkSonmadakumbhidalana pronmukta munnA phala - prAMza prAJcita kesarI budhanuto vAkkAminI vallabha // 10 -jana lekha saM0 bhA0 1 pR0 72 5. mAnyAkheTe majUSekSI saiddhAnta middhabhUSaNaH / mujIrNA pustikA jainI prArthyAppa maMbharI gataH // 34 zrI koDa kundanAmAkA jItopadezadIpikA / vyAkhyAtA madahitArthena mayApyuktA yathArthata // 35 sadguroH sadupazena kRtA vRpabhanandinA / jItAdimAra saMkSepo nadyAdyA cadunArakaM 36 3. dekho, anekAntavarSa 14 ki011027 me pragane mAhitya kI khoja lekha /

Page #232
168 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 sarvanandi bhaTTAraka sarvanandi bhaTTAraka-kundakundAnvaya ke eka caTTa gada bhaTTAraka (miTTI ke pAtra dhArI) ke ziSya zrI sarvanandi bhaTrAraka ne isa (koppala) nAmaka sthAna meM nivAsa kara yahAM ke nagaravAsI logoM ko aneka upadeza die aura bahuta samaya taka kaThora tapazcaraNa kara sanyAsa vidhi se zarIra kA parityAga kiyaa| yaha sarvanandi saba pApoM kI zAnti kreN| yaha lekha zaka saM0803 san 881 (vi0 saM0 638) kA hai| ataH ina sarvanandi kA samaya IsA kI havIM aura vikrama kI dazamI zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha hai| (Jainism in Sauth India P. 523) prAcArya vidyAnanda vidyAnanda-apane samaya ke prasiddha tArkika vidvAna the| ApakA jaina tAvika vidvAnoM meM viziSTa sthAna bhopApakI kRtiyAM Apake atUlatalasparzI pANDitya aura sarvatomakhI pratibhA kA pada-pada para anabhava karAtI haiN| prApakI praSTa sahasrI aura tattvArtha zlokavAtikAdi kRtiyoM se jahAM Apake vizAla vaidUpya kA patA calatA hai vahAM unakI mahattA aura gaMbhIratA kA bhI parijJAna hotA hai| ApakI kRtiyAM apanA sAnI nahIM rkhtiiN| jaina darzana una kRtiyoM se gauravAnvita hai| jaina paramparA meM vidyAnanda nAma ke aneka vidvAna ho gae haiN| parantu prastuta vidyAnanda una saba se jyeSTha, prasiddha aura prAcIna bahazrata vidvAna haiM / yadyapi unhoMne apanI kRtiyoM meM jIvana ghaTanA aura samayAdi kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyA, phira bhI anya sUtroM se unake samaya kA parijJAna ho jAtA hai| AcArya vidyAnanda kA janma brAhmaNa kula meM hayA thaa| ve janma se honahAra aura pratibhAzAlI tha / ataeva unhoMne vaizeSika, nyAya mImAMsA, vedAnta Adi vaidika darzanoM kA acchA abhyAsa kiyA thA, aura boddhadarzana ke mantavyoM meM vizeSatayA dignAga, dharmakIti aura prajJAkara prAdi prasiddha boddha vidvAnoM ke dArzanika granthoM kA bhA paricaya prApta kiyaa| isa taraha ve darzana zAstra ke prakANDa vidvAna bane / aura jaina siddhAnta ke granthoM ke bhI ve viziSTa abhyAsI the| jAna par3atA hai vidyAnanda usa samaya ke vAda-vivAda meM bhI sammilita hae hoM to koI Azcarya nhiiN| ho sakatA hai unheM jaina aura bauddha vidvAnoM ke madhya hone vAle zAstrArthoM ko dekhane yA bhAga lene kA avasara bhI prApta hanA ho| ve apane samaya ke niSNAta tArkika vidvAna the| aora tArkika vidvAnoM meM unakA UMcA sthAna thaa| unhoMne jaina dharma kaba dhAraNa kiyA, isakA koI ullekha nahIM miltaa| para ve jaina dharma ke kevala viziSTa vidvAna hI nahIM the; kintu jainAcAra ke saMpAlaka muni puMgava bhI the| unakI kRtiyA~ unake atula talasparzI pAMDitya kA pada-pada para bodha karAtI haiN| jaina paramparA meM vidyAnanda nAma ke aneka vidvAna prAcArya aura bhadrAraka ho gaye haiN| para ApakA una saba meM mahatvapUrNa sthAna hai| vidyAnanda prasiddha vaiyAkaraNa, zreSTha kavi, advitIyavAdi, mahAna saiddhAntika, mahAna tAkika, sakSama prajJa aura jina zAsana ke sacce bhakta the| ApakI racanAoM para gaddhapicchAcArya, svAmI samantabhadra, zrIdatta, siddhasena, pAtrasvAmI bhaTTAkalaMkadeva aura kumAranandi bhaTTAraka Adi pUrvavartI vidvAnoM kI racanAoM kA prabhAva daSTigocara hotA hai| Apa kI do taraha kI racanAe~ prApta hotI haiN| TIkAtmaka aura svataMtra / ApakA koI jIvana paricaya nahIM miltaa| aura na Apake jIvana se sambandhita ghaTanAoM kA hI koI ullekha upalabdha hotA hai| prApane aneka granthoM kI racanA kI hai| jinake nAma isa prakAra hai : 1. tattvArtha zlokavArtika, 2. aSTamahasrI (devAgamAlaMkAra, aura yuktyanuzAsanAlakAra ye tIna TIkA grantha hai| aura vidyAnanda mahodaya, prAptaparIkSA, pramANaparIkSA, patraparIkSA, satyazAsana parIkSA, aura zrIpura pArzvanAtha stotra, ye saba unakI svatantra kRtiyAM haiN| tatvArtha ilokavAtika-yaha guddhapicchAcArya ke tattvArtha satra para vizAla TIkA hai| jisake padya vArtikoM para unhoMne svayaM gadya meM bhASya athavA vyAkhyAna likhA hai| yaha apane viSaya kI prameya bahula TIkA hai| prAcArya vidyAnanda ne isa racanA dvArA kumArila aura dharmakIti jaise prasiddha tAkika vidvAnoM ke jainadarzana para kiye gae 1. vidyAnanda nAma ke anya vidvAnoM kA yathA sthAna paricaya diyA gayA hai, pAThaka unakA vahAM avalokana kreN|

Page #233
navamI-dazavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya 166 mAkSepoM kA sabala uttara diyA hai| aura jainadarzana ke gaurava ko unnata kiyA hai-baDhAyA hai| bhAratIya darzana sAhitya meM aisA eka bhI graMtha dikhAI nahIM detA, jo isakI samatA kara ske| isa graMtha meM kitanI hI carcAeM aparva haiN| aura vastu tattva kA vivecana bar3I sundaratA se diyA huA hai| isake Adhunika sampAdita zuddha saMskaraNa kI AvazyakatA hai| kyoMki san 1918 meM prakAzita saMskaraNa anupalabdha hai, phira vaha azuddha aura truTipUrNa hai| praSTasahasrI-(devAgamAlaMkAra)-yaha prAcArya samantabhadra ke devAgama para likhI gaI vistRta aura mahatvapUrNa TIkA hai| devAgama para likhI gaI akalaMka deva kI durUha aura duravagAha aSTazatI vivaraNa (devAgamabhASya) ko antaH praviSTa karate hae usakI pratyeka kArikA kA vyAkhyAna kiyA gayA hai| vidyAnanda yadi aSTazatI ke durUha aura jaTila pada-vAkyoM ke gUDha rahasya kA udbhAvana na karate to vidvAnoM kI usameM gati honA saMbhava nahIM thaa| unhoMne aSTasahasrI meM kitane hI naye vicAra aura vistRta carcAe dI huI haiM, jinase pAThaka usake mahatva kA sahaja hI anumAna kara sakate haiN| vidyAnanda ne svayaM likhA hai ki hajAra zAstroM ko sunane se kyA, akelI aSTa sahastrI ko suna lIjiye usI se samasta siddhAMtoM kA parijJAna ho jAyagA / unhoMne kumAramena ko uktiyoM se praSTa sahasrI ko vardhamAna bhI batalAyA hai / aura kaSTasahasrI bhI mUcita kiyA hai| isa para lagha samantabhadra ne 'aSTamahasrI vipama pada tAtparya TIkA' aura zvetAmbarIya vidvAna yazovijaya ne 'aSTasahasrI tAtparyavivaraNa' nAma kI TokAe likhI haiN| cUMki devAgama meM daza pariccheda haiN| ataH aSTasahasrI meM daza pariccheda diye hue haiN| yuktyanuzAsanAlaMkAra-yaha AcArya samantabhadra kA mahatvapUrNa aura gaMbhIra stotra graMtha hai| unhoMne prAptamImAMsA ke bAda isakI racanA kI hai| prAptamImAMsA meM antima tIrthakara mahAvIra kI parIkSA kI gaI hai| aura parIkSA ke bAda unakI stuti kI gaI hai| isameM kula 64 padya haiN| pratyeka padya durUha aura gambhIra artha ko liye hae hai| usa para vidyAnanda kI 'yuktyanuzAsanAlaMkAra TIkA hai| jo padyoM ke bhAvoM kA udghATana karatI haI dArzanika carcA se prota-prota hai| isa grantha kA paM0 jUgalakizora jI mukhtAra ne bar3e parizrama se hindI anuvAda kiyA hai, jisase grantha kA adhyayana sabake liye sulabha ho gayA hai| dUsarI hindI TIkA paM0 mUlacandra jI zAstrI mahAvIra jI ne kI hai, jo prakAzita ho cukI hai| vidyAnanda mahodaya-prAcArya vidyAnanda kI yaha mahatvapUrNa prathama kRti thii| prAcArya vidyAnanda ne svayaM zlokavArtikAdi granthoM meM usakA ullekha aneka sthaloM para kiyA hai| kheda hai ki vidyAnanda kI yaha bahamUlya kRti anava hai| zvetAmbarIya vidvAna vAdideva sUri ne 'syAdvAdaratnAkara meM usakA ullekha nimna vAkyoM meM kiyA hai "mahodaye ca-'kAlAntarAvismaraNakAraNaM hi dhAraNAmidhAnaM jJAnaM saMskAraH pratIyate iti vadana vidyAnandaH) saMskAra dhAraNayo rekArthyamacakathat" / (syAdvAdaratnAkara pR0 346) / unakI isa maulika svataMtra racanA kA anveSaNa honA Avazyaka hai| prAptaparIkSA-AptamImAMsA kI taraha prAcArya vidyAnanda ne prAptaparIkSA meM tattvArtha sUtra ke maMgalAcaraNa gata mokSamArga netRtva, karmabhUbhRdbhatRva aura vizvatattva jJAtRttva ina tIna guNa viziSTa prApta kA samarthana karate hue anyayoga vyavaccheda se Izvara, kapila, buddha aura brahma kI parIkSA pUrvaka arhanta jina ko prApta nizcita kiyA hai| grantha meM 124 kArikAe haiN| aura una para vidyAnanda svAmI kI prAptaparIkSAlaM kRti' nAma kI svopajJaTIkA hai| grantha kI bhASA sarala aura vizada hai| kArikAe sarala haiN| aura TIkA kI bhASA sarala sugama bodhaka hai| isameM vasta tattva kA acchA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| yaha grantha paM0 darabArI lAla jI nyAyAcArya dvArA anuvAdita sampAdita hokara vIra sevAmandira se prakAzita ho cukA hai| pramANaparIkSA-yaha vidyAnanda kI tIsarI svataMtra kRti hai| isameM pramANa kA samyagjJAnatva lakSaNa karake usake bheda-prabhedoM kA viSaya tathA phala aura hetuoM kI susambaddha prAmANika aura vistRta carcA sarala saMskRta gadya meM 1. kaSTa-sahasrI siddhA sA'STa sahasrIyamatra me puSyAt / zazvadabhISTa-sahasrI kumArasenokti vardhamAnArthA / /

Page #234
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 200 kI gaI hai| grantha Adhunika sampAdana kI vATa joha rahA hai| patra-parIkSA-isameM darzanAntarIya patra lakSaNoM kI samAlocanA pUrvaka jaina dRSTi se patra kA sundara lakSaNa kiyA hai| pratijJA aura hetu ko anumAnAGga pratipAdita kiyA hai| __satya zAsana-parIkSA-isameM puruSAdvaita Adi 12 zAsanA kI parIkSA kI pratijJA kI gaI hai| kintu : zAsanoM kI parIkSA pUrI aura prabhAkara zAsana kI adhUrI parIkSA upalabdha hotI hai| yaha graMtha DA0 gokulacanda jI ke sampAdakatva meM bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzI se prakAzita ho cakA hai| zrI purapArzvanAtha stotra-yaha 30 padyAtmaka stotra grantha hai| jisameM zrIpura' ke pArzvanAtha kA stavana kiyA gayA hai| isameM vidyAnanda ne sragdharA, zArdUla vikrIDita, zikhariNI aura mandA kAntA chandoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| isa stotra meM samantabhadrAcArya ke devAgamAdika stotra jaisI tAkika zailI ko apanAyA gayA hai| aura kapilAdika meM anAptatA batalAkara pArzvanAtha meM prApta panA siddha kiyA gayA hai, aura unake vItarAgatva, sarvajJatva aura mokSamArgapraNetatva ina prasAdhAraNa guNoM kI stuti kI gaI hai| rUpakAlaMkAra kI yojanA karate hue prArAdhya deva ko prazaMsA kI gaI hai| yathA zaraNyaM nAthA'rhana bhava-bhava bhavAraNya-vigati-cyutA nAmasmAkaM niravara-vara kaarunny-nilyH| yato gaNyAtpuNyAccirataramapekSyaM tava padaM, pariprAptA bhaktyA vayamacala-lakSmIgRhamidam // 26 he nAtha ! he arhan ! Apa saMsArarUpI vana meM bhaTakane vAle hama saMsArI prANiyoM ke liye zaraNa hoM, Apa hameM apanA Azraya pradAna kara saMsAra paribhramaNa se mukta kareM, kyoMki Apa pUrNatayA karuNAnidhAna haiM / hama cirakAla se Apa ke padoM kI apekSA kara rahe haiN| prAja bar3e puNyodaya se mokSa lakSmI ke sthAna bhUta pApa ke caraNoM kI bhakti prApta haI hai| stotra meM bhASA kA pravAha aura udAtta zailI mana ko apanI pora prAkRSTa karatI hai| yaha stotra paM0 darabArI lAla jI kI hindI TIkA ke sAtha vIra sevA mandira se prakAzita ho cukA hai ? prAcArya vidyAnanda kA samaya prAcArya vidyAnanda ne aSTasahasrI ke prazasti patra meM kumArasena kI uktiyoM se use pravardhamAna batalAyA hai| isase vidyAnanda kumArasena ke uttaravartI haiN| kumAra sena kA samaya 783 se pUrvavartI hai| kyoMki kumArasena kA smaraNa punnATasaMghI jinasena (zaka saM0 705-san 783) ne harivaMza purANa meM kiyA hai / isase kumArasena vi0 saM0 840 se pUrvavartI haiN| usa samaya unakA yaza vardhamAna hogaa| ata: vidyAnanda kA samaya san 775 se 840 pramANita hotA hai| prAcArya vidyAnanda ne tattvArthazloka vArtika kI antima prazasti meM nimna padya diyA hai :-- 'jIyAtsajjanatA''zrayaH ziva-sudhA dhArAvadhAna-prabhuH, dhvasta-dhvAnta-tatiH samunnatagatistIva-pratApAnvitaH / pro jyotirivAvagAhanakRtAnantasthitirmAnataH, sanmArgastritayAtmako'khilamalaH-prajvAlana-prakSamaH // '30 isa padya meM vidyAnanda ne jahAM mokSamArga kA jayakAra kiyA hai| vahAM unhoMne apane samaya ke gaMganareza zivamAra dvitIya kA bhI yazogAna kiyA hai| zivamAra dvitIya pazcimI gaMgavaMzI zrIpUruSa nareza kA uttarAdhikArI aura usakA putra thA, jo I0 san 810 ke lagabhaga rAjya kA adhikArI huyA thaa| isane zravaNa belagola kI choTI 1. prastuta zrIpura dhAravADa jile kA zirUra nAma hI zrIpura ho| kyoMki zaka saM0668 (I. sana 776) meM pazcimI gaMgavaMzI rAjA zrI puruSa ke dvArA zrIpura ke jaina mandira ke liye diye jAne vAle dAna kA ullekha karane vAlA eka tAmrapatra milA hai| -(jana si0 bhA0 bhA0 4 ki03 pR 158) varjesa aura haNTara Adi aneka pAzcAtya lekhakoM ne vesiMga jile ke sirapura' ko prasiddha tIrtha batalAyA hai / aura pArzvanAtha ke prAcIna mandira hone kI sUcanA kI hai| saMbhava hai isI nagara ke pArzvanAtha kI stuti vidyAnanda ne kI ho| aura mahArASTra deza kA zrIpara nagara jahA~ ke antarIkSa pArzvanAtha kA mandira bhinna hI ho| jisake kueM ke jala meM elaga rAya (zrIpAla) kA kuSTa roga dUra haA thaa| isa sambandha meM anveSaNa karane kI AvazyakatA hai| 2. dekho harivaMza purANa 1-38 "

Page #235
navamI aura dazavI zatAbdI ke AcArya 201 pahAr3I para eka vasadi banavAI thI, jisakA nAma 'zivamAranavasadi' thaa| candranAtha svAmI kI vadi ke nikaTa eka caTTAna para kanar3I meM 'zivamArana vasadi' itanA lekha utkIrNa hai jisakA samaya san 810 mAnA jAtA hai| prastuta zivamAra dvitIya apane pitA zrIpUrupa kI taraha jaina dharma kA samarthaka thaa| vaha samarthaka hI nahI kintu usake eka tAmrapatra sapramANita hotA hai ki vaha svaya jaina thA / zivamAra kA bhatIjA vijayAditya kA putra rAcamalla satyavAkya prathama zivamAra ke rAjya kA uttarAdhikArI huA thaa| aura vaha san 816 ke lagabhaga gaddI para baiThA thaa| vidyAnanda ne apane granthoM meM satyavAkyAdhipa kA ullekha kiyA hai| stheyAjjAta jayadhvajApratinidhiH prodbhUtabhUriprabhuH, pradhvastArivala-durnaya-dviSadibhiH sannIti-sAmarthyataH / sanmArga strividhaH kumArgamathanorhan vIranAthaH zriye, zazvatsaMstutigocaro'naghadhiyaNaM zrIsatyavAkyAdhipaH // 1 proktaM yuktyanuzAsana vijayibhiH syAdvAdamArgAnugavidyAnanda budharalaMkRtamida zrImatyavAkyAdhipaH / / / -yuktyanuzAsanAlaMkAra prshsti| jayanti nirjatAzeSa srvthkaantniityH| satyavAkyAdhipAH zazvavidyAnandA jinezvaraH / / -pramANa parIkSA maMgala padya vidyAnandaH svazaktyA kathamapi kathitaM satyavAkyA prApta parIkSA 123 ina saba pramANoM se spaSTa hai ki AcArya vidyAnanda kI racanAya 810 me 840 ke madhya racI gaI hai| inhIM saba prAdhAro se pa0 darabArIlAla jI koThiyA ne bhI vidyAnanda kA samaya I. san 775 se 840 taka kA nizcita kiyA hai| isase prAcArya vidyAnanda kA samaya IsA kI navamI zatAbdI sunizcita ho jAtA hai| prajjanandi (Aryanandi) tamila pradeza meM ajjanandi nAma ke prabhAvazAlI prAcArya ho gae hai| unakA vyaktitva mahAna thaa| sAtavI zatAbdI ke utarArdha meM tamila pradeza meM jaina dharma ke anuyAyiyoM ke viruddha eka bhayAnaka vAtAvaraNa utthaa| pariNAma svarUpa vahA~ jaina dharma kA prabhAva kSINa ho gayA aura usake sammAna ko Thesa pahaMcI, me vipama samaya meM prArthananTi mAge paaye| unhone samasta tamila pradeza meM bhramaNa kara jaina dharma ke prabhAva ko punaH sthApita karane ke liye jagaha-jagaha jaina tIrthakaro kI matiyAM akita kraaii| isame prajjanandi ke sAhama aura vikrama kA patA calatA hai| unheM isa kArya ke sampanna karAne meM kitane kaSTa uThAne par3e hoge, yaha bhuktabhogI hI jAnatA hai| parantu unakI AtmA meM jaina dharma kI kSINatA ko dekhakara jo TIsa utpanna haI usIke pariNAmasvarUpa unhoMne yaha kArya sampanna kraayaa| unakA yaha kArya 8vI havI zatAbdI kA hai| unakA kAryakSetra madurA, aura trAvaNakora AdikA sthAna rahA hai| Aryanandi ne uttara prArakATa jile ke vallImale kI aura madurA jile ke annamale, aivaramale, alagaramale, 1. jaina lekha saMgraha bhA0 1 pR0 327 2. dakSiNa bhArata meM jaina dharma pR0 81 3 gaMga vaMza meM kucha rAjAoM kI upAdhi 'matya vAkya thii| isa upAdhi ke dhAraka I0 sana 15 ke bAda prathama satya vAkya, dUsarA 870 se 107, tIsarA satya vAkya 620, aura cauthA 977,

Page #236
202 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 karugAllakkuDI ora uttama pAlyama ko caTTAnoM para jaina mUrtiyoM kA nirmANa krvaayaa| dakSiNa ko prora tilevello jila ke iruvAr3I (Eruvadi) sthAna meM mUrtiyoM kA nirmANa kraayaa| trAvaNakora rAjya ke citarAla nAmaka sthAna ke samIpa tiruccANaTu (Tiruchchanattu) nAmakI pahAr3I para bhI caTTAna kATa kara jaina mUrtiyA~ utkIrNa kI gaI hai| AryanandikA yaha kArya mahatvapUrNa, tathA jainadharma ko prasiddha ke lie thaa| inakA samaya 8-9vIM zatAbdI hai / guNakIti munIzvara muni guNakIti melApa tIrtha kAreyagaNa ke vidvAna mUla bhaTTAraka ke ziSya the| aura jo atyanta guNI the| zrImanmailApatIrthasya gaNe kAreya nAmani / babhUvogratapoyuktaH mUlabhaTTArako gnnii|| tacchiSyo guNavAnsUri guNakIti munIzvaraH / tasyApyAsI (sIMdri) drakotisvAmI kaammdaaphH|| -jaina lekha saM0 bhA02 pR0 152 saudattI kA yaha zilAlekha zaka saM0 767 san 875 IsavI kA hai / ataH guNakIti kA samaya IsA kI navamI zatAbdI hai / inake ziSya indrakIti the / indrakoti indrakIti melApa tIrtha kAreyagaNa ke vidvAna guNakIrti ke ziSya the, jo kAma ke mada ko dUra karane vAle the| pADalI aura hannikari ke zilAlekhoM se spaSTa hotA hai ki kAreyagaNa yApanIyasaMgha eka gaNa thaa| aura sauTatI navamI zatAbdI meM yApanIya saMgha kA eka pramukha kendra thaa| mahAsAmanta pRthvIrAya rASTrakaTa nareza kRSNa tRtIya kA mahA sAmanta thaa| aura indrakIti kA ziSya thaa| usane eka jinAlaya kA nirmANa karAkara use bhUmi pradAna kI thii| ina indrakIti ke pUrvaja bhI kAreya gaNa ke the| saudattI kA yaha lekha zaka saM0767 san 875 IsvI kA hai, jo vahAM ke eka choTe mandira kI bAyIM mora dIvAla meM jar3e hue pASANa para se liyA gayA hai| isase inakA samaya IsA kI navamI zatAbdI hai / inake guru guNakIrti kA samaya bhI IsA kI navamI sadI hai| aparAjitasUri (zrI vijaya) aparAjita sari-yaha yApanIya saMgha ke vidvAna the| candranandi mahAkarma prakRtyAcArya ke praziSya aura baladeva mari ke zipya the| yaha pArAtIya prAcAryoM ke cUr3AmaNi the| jina zAsana kA uddhAra karane meM dhIra vIra tathA yazasvI inheM nAganandi gaNi ke caraNoM kI sevA se jJAna prApta hayA thaa| aura zrInandI gaNI ko preraNA se inhoMne zivArya kI bhagavatI ArAdhanA kI 'vijayodayA' nAma kI TIkA likhI thii| inakA apara nAma zrI vijaya yA vijayAcArya thaa| paMDita pAzAdhara jI ne inakA 'zrI vijaya' nAma se hI ullekha kiyA hai / bhagavatI ArAdhanA ko 1167 navara kI gAthA kI TIkA meM 'dazavakAlika para 'vijayodayA TIkA likhane kA ullekha kiyA hai-"dazavakAlika TIkAyAM 'zrI vijayodayAyA~ prapaMcitA udragamAdi doSA, iti neha pratanyate / " ArAdhanA kI TIkA kA nAma bhI 'zrI vijayodayA' diyA hai| TIkA meM acelakatva kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai| aura zvetAmbarIya uttarAdhyayanAdi granthoM ke 1. jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 2 lekha na0 130 pR0 152 2. etacca zrI vijayAcArya viracita saMskRta mUlArAdhanA TIkAyAM susthita sUtra vistarataH samarthitaM / anagAra dharmAmRta TIkA pR. 673) /

Page #237
navI aura dasavI zatAbdI ke AcArya 203 ka pramANa bhI diye hai / yaha yApanIya saMgha ke AcArya the| isa sagha ke sabhI prAcArya nagna rahate the, kintu zvetAmbarIya Agama granthoM ko mAnate the ora savastra mukti aura kevala bhukti ko mAnate the / isa saMgha ke zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa ke karttA pAlyakIrti ne strI mukti aura kevala bhukti nAma ke dA prakaraNa likhe hai, jo mudrita ho cuke hai| TIkA meM eka sthAna para bhUta aura bhaviSyat kAla ke sabhI jina acelaka hai| meru Adi parvatoM kI pratie aura tIrthakara mArgAnuyAyI gaNadhara tathA unake ziSya bhI usI taraha acalaka hai / isa taraha acelatA siddha huI / jinakA zarIra vastra se pariveSTita hai ve vyutmRSTa, pralamba bhuja aura nizcala jinake sadRza nahI ho sakate / 1 dazavavaikAlika para TIkA likhane ke kAraNa 'ArAtIya cUDAmaNi' kahalAte the / samaya Upara jo guru paramparA dI hai ve saba prAcArya yApanIya sagha ke jAna paDate hai / aparAjita sUri ne likhA hai ki- "candranandi mahAkarma prakRtyAcArya ziSyeNa prAtIyasUri calAmaNinA nAganandagaNi-pAda-padmopasevAjAtamatibalena baladeva sRriziSyeNa jinazAmanoddharaNadhIreNa labdhayazaHpramareNAparAjitasUriNA zrInandigaNinAvacoditena racitA / " jo upalabdha huA hai vaha zrI puruSa kA dAnapatra hai, jo rUpa se vimalacandra, kIrtinandI, kumAranandI aura candra88 ) | bahuta sambhava hai ki TIkAkAra ne inhI candranadi candranandI kA sabase purAnA ullekha abhI taka 'govarpaya' ko I0 san 776 me diyA gayA thA / isameM guru nandI nAma ke cAra AcAryo kA ullekha he (S J. pt III, apane ko praziSya likhA ho / yadi aisA hai to TIkA banane kA samaya vi0 sa0 533 arthAt vikrama kI havI zatAbdI taka pahuca jAtA hai | candranandI kA nAma 'karmaprakRti' bhI diyA hai aura 'karma aura karma prakRti kA velUra ke 17 vaM zilAlekha meM akalaka deva zrora candrakIti ke bAda honA batalAyA hai / ora unake bAda vimalacandra ullekha kiyA hai / isane bhI ukta samaya kA samarthana hotA hai / valadeva sRri kA prAcIna ullekha zravaNa belgola ke do zilAlekho meM na0 7 aura 15 meM pAyA jAtA hai| jinakA samaya kramazaH 622 aura 572 zaka saMvat ke lagaisase bhI ukta bhaga anumAna kiyA gayA hai| bahuta sambhava hai ki yahI baladeva sRri TIkAkAra ke guru rahe ho / samaya kI puSTi hotI hai / inake atirikta TIkAkAra ne nAganandI ko apanA guru batalAyA hai / ve nAganandI vahI jAna paDate hai, jo asaga ke guru the / ata aparAjita sUri kA samaya vikrama kI navamI kA upAntya ho sakatA hai / TIkA ArAdhanA kI yaha TIkA aneka vizeSatAoM ko liye hue he| na0 116 kI TIkA karate hue 'usakI vyAkhyA meM sayamahIna tapa kAryakArI nahA / isakI puSTi karate hue muni zrAvaka ke mUla guNoM tathA uttara guNAM aura AvazyakAdi karmoM ke anuSThAna vidhAnAdi kA vistAra ke sAtha varNana diyA hai| usakA eka laghu aza isa prakAra hai ' tad dvividha mUlaguNapratyAnyAna uttaraguNapratyAkhyAna / natra sayatAnA jIvitArvAdhika mUlaguNapratyAkhyAna / sayatAsayatAnA aNuvratAni mUlaguNa vyapadezabhaoNji bhavanti / nepA dvividha pratyAkhyAna alpakAlika, jIvitAvadhika ceti / pakSa-mAsa - paNmAsAdi rUpeNa bhaviSyatkAla sArvAdhika kRtvA tatra sthala himAnRtanteyAbrahmaparigrahAnna cariSyAmi / iti pratyAkhyAnamalpa vAlakam / AmaraNamarvAdha kRtvA na kariSyAmi / sthUla himAdIni iti pratyAkhyAna 1. 'tIkarAcarita ca guggA - mahanana vana samagrA muktimArga prakAzApana parAjitA sarve evAce nAbhUnAbhaviSyatazca / yathA mervAdi parvata gatA pratimAratIrthakara mArgAnuyAyinazca gaNadharA iti te yacenAticchiSyAzca tathaiveti siddhamacela tvama / cela pari bha0 A0 TI0 pa0 611 veSTitAgona jinamazaH vyutmRSTa pralambabhujo nizcalo jina pratirUpatA dhattaM / / " 2. dekho, anakAnta varSa 2 ki0 8 pR0 437 /

Page #238
204 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 jIvitAvadhikaM ca / uttara gaNa pratyAkhyAna mayaMtAsaMyatayorapi alpakAlikaM jIvitA vadhikaM vaa|" arthAta vaha pratyAkhyAna do prakAra kA hai, mUlagaNa pratyAkhyAna aura uttaragaNa pratyAkhyAna / unameM se saMyamI muniyoM ke mUlaguNa pratyAkhyAna jIvana paryanta ke lie hotA hai / sayatAsayata pacama guNasthAnavartI zrAvaka ke aNuvratoM ko mUla guNa kahate hai / gRhasthoM ke mUlagaNoM kA pratyAkhyAna alpakAlika aora sarvakAlika donoM prakAra kA hotA hai| pakSa, mahInA, chaha mahIna ityAdi rUpa se bhaviSyatkAla kI maryAdA karake jo sthala himA, asatya, corI, maithuna sevana aura parigraha rUpa paca pApo ko mai nahI karUgA, aisA saMkalpa kara unakA jo tyAga karatA hai vaha jIvitAvadhika pratyAkhyAna hai| uttara guNa pratyAkhyAna to muni aura gRhastha donoM hI jIvana paryanta tathA alpakAla ke lie kara sakate hai| gAthA na0 5 kI TIkA meM 'siddha prAbhRna' kA ullekha kiyA hai / ' 753 kI gAthA kI vyAkhyA karate hue 'namaskArapAhuDa' grantha kA ullekha kiyA hai| aparAjita sUri ne apanI TIkA meM devanandI (pUjya pAda) kI sarvArthasiddhi tathA akalaMkadeva ke tattvArtha vAtikakA bhI upayoga kiyA hai| aura unakI aneka paktiyoM ko uddhata kiyA hai| amitagati prathama pramitagati-mAthara saMdha ke vidvAna devasena ke ziSya the| jinheM vidhvasta kAmadeva, vipUlazamabhUta, kAntakIti aura zrata samudra kA pAragAmI subhASita ratna sandoha kI prazasti meM batalAyA gayA hai| prora inake ziSya prathama amitagati yogI ko ageSa zAstroM kA jJAtA, mahAvatoM-samitiyoM ke dhArakoM meM agraNI, krodha rahita, manimAnya aura bAhyAbhyantara parigrahoM kA tyAgI batalAyA hai, jaisA ki-'tyaktani:zeSa saMga: / vAkya me prakaTa hai : "vijJAtAzeSazAstro vrata samitibhUtAmagraNIrastakopaH / zrImAnmAnyo munInAmamitagati yatistyaktanizeSasaMgaH // " isa taraha amita gati dvitIya ne unakA bahuta guNa gAna kiyA hai, unheM alaMghya mahimAlaya, vimalasatvavAna ratnadhI, guNamaNi payonidhi, batalAyA hai| sAtha hI dharma parIkSA' meM 'bhAsitAkhila padArtha samUha :nirmalaH, tathA aArAdhanA meM 'zama-yama-nilayaH, pradalitamadanaH, padanatasUri jaise vizepaNoM ke sAtha smaraNa kiyA hai| jo unake vyaktitva kI mahattA ko prakaTa karate hai| isase ve jJAna aura cAritra kI eka asAdhAraNa mUrti the| unakA vyaktitva mahAna thA aura aneka prAcAryoM se pUjita-namaskRta eva mahAmAnya the| unhoMne azepa zAstroM kA adhyayana kiyA thA, aura unhone jo anubhava prApta kiyA thA, usI kA sAra rUpa grantha yogamAra prAbhUta' hai| unakI yaha racanA saMkSipta, sarasa aura gambhIra artha kI pratipAdaka hai| 'cU ki amita gati dvitIya kA racanA samaya sa0 1050 se 1073 hai| amita gati prathama inase do pIr3hI pahale hai| ataH usameM se 50 varSa kama kara dene para unakA samaya vikrama kI 11 vI zatAbdI kA prathama caraNa jAna par3atA hai| - - - 1. middha prAbhUtagadita mvarUpa siddhajJAnamAgamabhAvamiddhaH // (gAthA 5) 2. 'namaskAra prAbhata nAmAsti granthaH yatra naya pramANAdi nikSepAdi mukhana namaskAgaM nirUpyate / (gAthA 753) 3. devA anekAnna varSa 2 kiraNa 8 10 437 / 4. "AzIvidhvasta.-kanto vipulazamabhRtaH zrImata: klAntakItiH / mareryA tamya pAra zrutalilanidherdevamanamya ziSyaH' / / -mubhA0 sa0615 5. "bhAminAvilapadArtha mamUho nirmalomatagatigaNanAthaH / vAsaro dinamaNe riva tammAjjAyatesmakamalAkara bodhI // 3" 6. "jina samayoni mahanIyogugAmariNa jaladhemtadanumatiyaH / zamayama nilayo.mitagati sUriH pradalitamadano padanatamUriH // " -- -

Page #239
navamI-dazavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya ApakI ekamAtra kRti 'yogasAra' hai / jo no adhikAroM meM vibhakta he jIvAdhikAra ajIvAdhikAra, svAdhikAra, bandhAdhikAra, saMtrarAdhikAra, nirjarAdhikAra, mokSAdhikAra, cAritrAdhikAra aura cUlikAdhikAra / ina adhikAroM meM yoga aura yoga se sambandha rakhane vAle Avazyaka viSayoM kA sundara pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / grantha adhyAtama rasa se sarAvora hai| usake par3hane para naI anubhUtiyA sAmane yAtI hai / grantha AtmA ko samajhane aura usake samuddhAra meM kitanA upayogI hai| ise batalAne kI AvazyakatA nahIM, grantha kA adhyayana karane se yaha svayaM samajha meM A jAtA hai / graMtha kI bhASA sarala saMskRta hai / padya gambhIra artha kA lie hue haiN| uktiyoM aura upamAnoM tathA udAharaNAdi dvArA viSaya ko spaSTa aura bodhagamya banA diyA hai / grantha para kunda kundAcArya ke adhyAtma-granthoM kA pUrNa prabhAva hai / antima adhikAra meM bhoga kA svarUpa diyA hai aura samAra ko AtmA kA mahAn roga batalAyA hai, aura usase chUTa jAne para muktAtmA jaiso svAbhAvika sthiti ho jAtI hai / bhoga mamAra se saccA vairAgya kaba banatA hai / aura nirvANa prApta karane ke liye kyA kucha kartavya hai isakA sakSipna nirdeza hai / grantha kA adhyayana aura manana jIvana kI saphalatA kA dyotaka hai| graMtha mahatvapUrNa hai / vinayasena 8 ke lekha vinayasena - mUlamaMtra senAnvaya pogarayagaNa yA hogarigaccha ke vidvAna the / jena zi0 sa0 bhA0 naM 0 61, jo zaka ma0 815 (man 863) vi0ma0 950 ke isa prathama lekha meM inheM grAma dAna dene kA ullekha hai / prAcArya amRtacandra Thakkura so jaya amiyacaMdo Nimmala-vaya-tava-samAhi-saMjutto / jo sAratayaNiuNo vijjA-guNa-saMThiyo dhIro // 1 jassa ya pasatya vayaNaM NikalakaM zramiyaguNeNa saMjuttaM / bhavvANaM suha-kaMdaM so sUri jayau zramiyacaMdupti // 2 jeNa viNimmiya vitti sArattayassa sayalaguNabhariyA / jo bhavyANaM suhidA sasamaya para samaya-viyANayA sayalA // 3 205 AcArya mRta candrasUri ne apanI guru paramparA aura gaNa- gacchAdikA koI ullekha nahIM kiyaa| ve nilapa vyakti the / unhoMne apane graMthoM meM apane nAma ke atirikta koI bhI vAkya grAtma praNasA-paraka nahI likhA / kintu unhoMne yahA~ taka likhA hai ki varSoM se pada bana gaye, padoM se vAkya bana gae aura vAkyoM se yaha gratha bana gyaa| isameM hamArA kucha bhI kartRtva nahI hai / AcArya amRta candra vikrama kI dAvI dAtAbdI ke adhyAtma ragajJa viziSTa vidvAna the| saMskRta aura prAkRta bhASA para unakA asAdhAraNa adhikAra thaa| unhoMne zatAbdiyoM se vismRta kundakundAcArya kI mahattA evaM prabhutA ko punarujjIvita kiyA hai| unhoMne nizcaya naya ke pradhAna granthoM kI TokA likhate hue bhI anekAnta dRSTi ko nahIM bhulAyA hai / samayasArAdi TIkA granthoM ke prArambha meM likhA hai ki -- jo ananta dharmoM se zuddha AtmA ke svarUpa kA avalokana karatI hai vaha anekAntarUpa mUrti nitya hI prakAzamAna ho / ananta dharmaNastatvaM pazyantI pratyagAtmanaH / zranekAntamayI mUrti nityameva prakAzatAm // isI taraha pravacanasAra TIkA ke prAraMbha meM likhA hai ki jisane moha rUpa andhakAra ke samUha ko anAyAsa hI lupta kara diyA hai, jo jagata tatva ko prakAzita kara rahA hai aisA yaha anekAntarUpa teja jayavanta rahe / 1 varNa: kRtAni citraH padaH kRtAni vAkyAni / vAkyaiH kRtaM pavitraM zAstramida na punarasmAbhiH // - puruSA0mi0 226

Page #240
206 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 helolluptaM mahAmohatamastomaM jayatyadaH / prakAzayajjagattattvamanekAntamayaM maha // puruSArtha siddhayupAya meM to use paramAgama kA bIja athavA prANa vatalAyA hai, aura janmAndha manuSyoM ke hasti vidhAna kA niSedha kara samasta naya vilAsoM ke virodha ko naSTa karane vAle anekAnta ko namaskAra kiyA hai| TIkAtroM ke meM bhI unhoMne syAdvAda ko aura usako dapTi ko spaSTa karate hae tattva kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| isase unakI anekAnta dRSTi kA mahatva pratibhApita hotA hai| inakI kundakundAcArya ke prAbhUtatraya-samayasAra-pravacanasAra aora paMcAsti kAya-ina tInoM granthoM kI TIkAeM baDI mArmika aura hRdaya sparzI aura unako hArdako prakaTa karane vAlI haiN| samayAsAra kI TIkA meM to usake antaH rahasya kA kevala udghATana hI nahIM kiyA gayA kintu usa para samayAnusAra-kalaza kI racanA kara vastataH usa para kalazArohaNa bhI kiyA hai / adhyAtma ke jisa bIja ko prAcArya kundakunda ne boyA, aura use pallavita, pUSpita evaM phalita karane kA zreya AcArya amRta candra ko hI prApta hai| TokAoM kA adhyayana kara adhyAtma rasika vidvAna dAta tale aMgulI dabAkara raha jAte haiM / TIkAtroM kI bhASA praur3ha, prabhAvazAlI aora gatizIla hai / aura viSaya kI spaSTa vivecaka haiN| adhyAtma dRSTi se likhI gaI ye TIkAeM mvasamaya parasamaya ko bodhaka hai ; aura adhyetA ke lie mahatvapUrNa viSayoM kI paricAyaka haiM inameM nizcaya aura vyavahAra donoM dRSTiyoM se vastu tatva kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai samyagdRSTi jIva vastutatva kA parijJAna karane ke lie donoM nayoM kA avalambana letA hai parantu zraddha meM vaha prazaddha naya ke pAlambana ko heya samajhatA hai, yahI kAraNa hai ki vastu tatva kA yathArtha parijJAna hone para agaddha naya kA pAlambana svayaM chUTa jAtA hai isI se kundakundAcArya ne ubhaya nayoM ke pAlambana se vastu svarUpa kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| - aApakI ina tInoM TIkAmoM ke atirikta ApakI do kRtiyAM aura bhI haiN| puruSArtha siddhayupAya ora tattvArthasAra / ina donoM meM bhI unake vaiziSTaya kI spaSTa chApa hai| puruSArtha siddhayupAya 226 zlokoM kA prasAdaguNopeta eka svataMtra grantha hai / isakA-dUsarA nAma jina vacana rahasya koza hai / grantha ke nAma se hI usakA viSaya spaSTa hai isameM zrAvaka dharma ke varNana ke sAtha samyagdarzana samyagjJAna aura samyAkacaritra kA sundara kathana diyA huA hai / jahAM isa gratha ke nAma meM vaiziSTya hai vahAM pAdyanta meM bhI vaiziSTaya hai| natha ke prAdi meM nizcaya naya aura vyavahAra naya kI carcA hai to anta meM ratnatraya ko mokSa kA upAya batalAyA gayA hai yaha kathana zrAvakAcAroM meM haiM / puNyAsavako zubhopayoga kA aparAdha batalAnA amRtacandra ko vANI ko vizeSatA hai| vikrama kI 13vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna paM0 prAzAdhara jI ne anagAra dharmAmRta ko TIkA meM prAcArya amRtacandra kA ThakkUra vizeSaNa ke sAtha ullekha kiyA hai-'etadanusAreNava Thakkuro'pIdamapAThIt-loke zAstrAbhAse samayAbhAse ca devatAbhAse / (pR0 160) etacca vistareNa ThakkurAmRnacandrasUri viracita samayasAraTIkAyAM drssttvym| pR0588)| Thakkara yA ThAkara zabda kA prayoga jAgIradAroM aura ohadedAroM ke liye to vyavahRta honA thaa| kinta kara' zabda gotra kA bhI vAcI hai| Aja bhI jaisavAla Adi jAtiyoM ke gotroM meM prayukta dekhA jAtA hai| tattvArthasAra-gRddhapicchAcArya ke tattvArthasUtra ke mAra ko lie hue hone para bhI apanA vaiziSTya rakhatA hai| yaha 226 zlokoM kI racanA hote hue bhI, prasAda guNopita eka svataMtra graMtha hai / jisameM samyadarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritra kA sundara kathana kiyA hai| tattvArthasAra nAma se bhI yaha dhvanita hotA hai ki isameM tattvArtha sUtra pratipAdita tattvoM kA hI sAra saMgRhIta hai / tattvArtha rAjavAtikAdi meM pratipAdita kitanI hI viziSTa bAtoM kA isameM saMkalana kiyA gayA hai| prAcArya amRtacandra ne ise mokSamArga kA prakAza karane vAlA eka pramukha dIpaka batalAyA hai / kyoMki isameM yukti pAgama se sunizcita samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritra kA svarUpa 1. atha tattvArthasAro'yaM mokSa mArgakadIpaka / -tatvArthamAra 2

Page #241
navIM aura dazavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya 207 pratipAdita kiyA hai / tathA samyagdarzana kA svarUpa batalAte hue sapta tattvoM kA vizada varNana kiyA hai / tattvArtha sUtra kA padya meM anuvAda hote hue bhI eka svataMtra graMtha jaisA pratIta hotA hai / kahIM-kahIM to aisA jAna par3atA hai ki amRtacandrAcArya ne gadya ke sthAna meM padya kA rUpa diyA hai aura kitane hI sthAnoM para unhoMne navIna tattvoM kA saMyojana bhI kiyA hai aura usake lie unheM akalaMka deva ke tattvArthaM vArtika kA sarvAdhika Azraya lenA par3A hai / usake vArtikoM ko zloka rUpa meM nibaddha karake tattvArthasAra ke mahatva ko vRddhigata kiyA hai / samaya paTTAvalI meM amRtacandra ke paTTArohaNa kA samaya vi0 saM0 662 diyA hai / vaha prAyaH ThIka hai / kyoMki dharmaratnAkara ke kartA jayasena ne, jo lADavAgaDa saMgha ke vidvAna the / unhoMne amRtacandrasUri ke puruSArthasiddhayupAya ke 56 padya uddhRta kiye hai| jayamena ne apanA yaha graMtha vi0 saM0 1055 meM banAkara samApta kiyA hai / " ataH AcArya amRtacandra saM0 1055 se pUrvavartI hai| mukhtAra sA0 ne likhA hai ki pramita gati prathama ke yogasAra prAbhRta para bhI amRtacandra ke tattvArthasAra tathA samayasArAdi TIkAoM kA prabhAva parilakSita hotA hai / jinakA samaya amita gati dvitIya se koI 40-50 varSa pUrva kA jAna par3atA hai| aisI sthiti meM amRtacandrasUri kA samayavikrama kI 10 vIM zatAbdI kA tRtIya caraNa hai| paM. nAthUrAma premI aura DA0 e ena. upAdhye amRtacandra kA samaya 12vIM mAnate the, para vaha mujhe nahI rucA / phalataH maine apane lekha meM amRtacandra ke samaya ko dazavIM zatAbdI kA batalAyA, taba se sabhI unakA samaya 10vIM zatAbdI mAnane lage haiM / rAmasena rAmasena nAma ke aneka vidvAna ho gaye haiM / unameM prastuta rAmasena sabase bhinna haiM / grantha prazasti meM rAma sena ne apanA saMkSipta paricaya pAMca guruoM ke nAmollekha ke sAtha diyA hai usase rAmasena ke sambandha meM spaSTa paricaya to jJAta nahIM hotA / brahmazrutasAgara ne rAmasena ko 'prathamAGgapUrva bhAgajJAH' likhA hai jisase ve aMgapUrvI ke eka deza jJAtA jAna par3ate haiN| unakA saMgha-gaNa-gaccha kyA thA aura unake ziSya-praziSyAdi kauna the / unhoMne tattvAnuzAsana ke sivAya anya kina granthoM kI racanA kI isakA koI bhI ullekha nahIM milatA / grantha prazastiyoM paTTAvaliyoM aura zilAlekhAdi meM bhI aisA koI paricaya upalabdha nahIM hotA, jisase unake sambandha meM vicAra kiyA jA sake aura yaha jJAta ho sake ki nAgasena ke ziSya rAmamena kI ziSya paramparA kyA aura kahAM thI / rAmasena ne nAgasena ko apanA dIkSA guru likhA hai, ve paTTa guru nahI the| unhoMne apane cAra guruyoM ke nAmollekha ke sAtha dIkSA guru meM nAga 1. vAggendriyavyomasoma - mite maMvatsare zubhe / ( 1055) santho'yaM siddhatAM yAtaH mavalI karahATake / / -dharma ratnAkara prazasti 2. dekho, anekAnta varSa 8 ki 4-5 meM amRtacandra sUri kA samaya zIrSaka lekha ( pR 173 ) 3. senagA ke rAmamena paMDitadeva ko, jinheM saM0 1134 kI pauSa zuklA 7 ko uttarAyaNa saMkrAnti ke dina cAlukya vaMzIya tribhuvanamalla ke samaya gaMga permAnaDi jinAlaya ke lie rAjadhAnI banagAve meM dAna diyA gayA / - bha0 sampradAya pR0 7 dUsare rAmasena ve haiM jo narasiMha purA jAti ke prabodhaka evaM saMsthApaka the / tImare rAmasena niSpiccha mAthura saMgha ke saMsthApaka / ina tInoM rAmamenoM meM se tattvAnuzAsana ke kartA rAmasena bhinna haiM / 4. dekho, sutta pAhuDaTIkA gAthA 2

Page #242
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 208 sena kA nAmollekha kiyA hai nAgamena nAma ke bhI kaI vidvAna AcArya ho gaye hai / " una saba meM ve nAgarIna cAmuNDarAya ke sAkSAt guru grajitamena ke praguru the / arthAt prajitasena ke guru Arya sena (zrAryanandI) ke guru the| aura jinakA cAmuNDarAya purANa me prAcArya kumAramena ke bAda ullekha hai / cAmuNDarAya ne apane purANa kA nirmANa zaka sa0 600 (vi0 sa0 1035) meM kiyA hai / ataeva nAgasena kA samaya vi0 saM0 1000 se kucha pahale kA samajhanA cAhie yaha nAgamena rAmagaMna ke dIkSA guru ho sakate hai / anya nAgamena nahI / prastuta rAmamena kASThA sagha nandInaTagaccha aura vidyAgaNa ke prAcArya the| kyoMki nandItaTagaccha ko gurvAvalI meM unheM 'pratibodhana paNDita batalAyA hai|" narasiha purA jAti ke sasthApaka bhI the / apane samaya ke prasiddha vidvAna tapasvI prAcArya rahe hai / rAmasena ne prazasti meM apane cAra vidyA gurutroM ke nAmoM kA ullekha kiyA hai "zrI vIracandra-zubhadevamahendradevAH zAstrAya yasya guravo vijayAmarazca" vIracandra, zubhadeva, mahendradeva aura vijayadeva | para inakA anya paricaya kahIM se bhI upalabdha nahI hotaa| hAM, mahendra deva kA paricaya avazya prApta hotA hai / ye mahendradeva vahI jJAna hote hai jo nemideva ke ziSya aura somadeva ke bar3e gurubhAI the / nemideva ke bahuta se ziSya the, unameM se eka zataka ziSyoM ke avaraja (anuja) aura eka zataka ke pUrvaja somadeva the| aisA parabhanI ke tAmra zAsana (dAna patra ) se jAna par3atA hai / inameM mahendradeva pramukha vidvAna the| unheM nItivAkyAmRta kI prazasti meM 'vAdIndrakAlAnala zrImanmahendra 1. nAgamena nAma ke 5 vidvAnoM kA ullekha milatA hai--1 ve nAgamena jo dazapUrva ke pAThI the aura jinakA samaya vikrama sa0 se 250 varSa pUrva hai / 2re ve nAgamena jo RSabhasena ke guru ke ziSya the, jinhoMne sanyAsa vidhi se zravaNa belgola ke zilAlekha na0 (14) 34 ke anusAra devaloka prApta kiyA thA zilAlekha me 7 vizeSaNoM ke sAtha unakI stuti kI gaI hai| zilAlekha kA samaya zaka sa0 622 (vi0 maM0 757 ) ke lagabhaga anumAna kiyA gayA hai, para usakA koI AdhAra nahIM batalAyA / 3re nAgamena ve he jo cAmuNDarAya ke sAkSAt guru ajitamena ke praguru arthAt ajitamena ke guru Aryamena (Arya nandI) ke guru the| jinakA cAmuNDarAya purANa meM AcArya kumAramena ke bAda ullekha kiyA gayA hai| cAmuNDarAya purANa kA nirmANa zaka saM0 600 san 178 (visa0 1035) meM huA hai| isase yaha nAgamena 10 vI zatAbdI ke vidvAna jAna par3ate hai / 4the nAgamena ve haiM jinheM rAgI akkAdevI ne gogAdaveDaga jinAlaya ke lie san 1047 (vi0 sa0 1104 ) meM bhUmidAna diyA thA / yaha mUlamaMghamenagaNa tathA hegari (pogari) gaccha ke vidvAna AcArya the / (dekho, jainijma ina sAutha iMDiyA pR0 106 ) 5 nAgasena ve haiM, jo nandItaTa gaccha kI gurvAvanni ke anusAra gagasena ke uttaravartI aura siddhAntamena tathA gopasena ke pUrvavartI hue hai| jinakA samaya 10vI zatAbdI kA madhya jAna par3atA hai / 2 dekho, pI. vI. desAI kA jainijma ina sAutha iDiyA pR0 134-37 3 gamameno'tividitaH pratibodhana paDita / sthApitAyeta sajjAnirnAmihAbhidhA bhuvi // 24 // 4. zrI gauDa mane munimAn kIrtinnAmnA yazodeva iti prajajJe / babhUva yasya tapaHprabhAvAtmamAgamaH zAmanadevatAbhiH // 15 ziSyo'bhavanamya mahaddhibhAjaH syAdvAdaratnAkara pAradRzvA / zrI nemidevaH paravAdi darpadrumAvalIccheda- kuThAranemiH // 16 tasmAttapaH zriyobhata llokAnA hRdayagamAH / gurvAvalI kASThAsaMgha naMdItaTagaccha, anekAnta varSa 15 kiraNa 5 babhUvuH bahavaH ziSyA ratnAnIva tadAkarAt // 17 teSA zatasyAvarajaH zatasya tathA bhavatpUrvaja evaM dhImAn / zrI somadevamtapamaH zrutasya sthAnaM yazodhAma guNotizrIH || 18 ||

Page #243
navamI-dazavI zatAbdI ke AcArya devabhaTTArakAnujena' vAkya dvArA mahendra deva kA ukta vizeSaNa diyA hai jisase ve vAdiyoM ke vijetA the| bahuta sambhava hai ki prastuta mahendradeva unake vidyAguru rahe hoM / anya tona guruyA ke sambandha meM kucha jJAta nahIM hotaa| sabhava hai usa samaya ke sAdhu saMgha meM ukta nAma ke tIna vidvAna bhI rAmasena ke guru rahe ho| racanA-prastuta tattvAnuzAsana grantha 258 saskRta padyoM kA mahatvapUrNa racanA hai| isameM adhyAtma viSaya kA pratipAdana sundara hai vaha bhaass| ora viSaya dAnA hA dRSTiyoM se mahatvapUrNa hai / grantha ko bhASA jahA~ saralaprAjala evaM sahaja vodha gamya hai, vahAM vaha viSaya pratipAdanakI kuzalatA ko liye hue hai| grantha kArane adhyAtmajaise nIrasa kaThora aura durbodha viSaya ko itanA sarala eva mugama banA diyA hai ki pAThaka kA mana kabhI Uba nahI sktaa| usameM adhyAtma rasa kI phuTa jo akita hai| grantha meM svAnubhUti se anuprANita rAmasena ko kAvya zakti camaka uThI hai vaha apane viSaya kI eka sundara vyasthita kRti hai| jisase pAThaka kA hRdaya prAtma-vibhora ho uThatA hai / grantha meM heya aura upAdeya tattva kA svarUpa batalAte hae bandha aura bandha ke hetoM ko heya tathA mokSa aura mokSa ke kAraNoM ko upAdeya batalAyA hai| karma bandha ke kAraNa mithyAdarzana mithyAjJAna aura mithyA cAritra ko heya aura duragati evaM daHkha vAheta batalAyA hai kyoMki uname moha-yA mamakAra tathA ahaMkAra kI utpatti Adi saMsAra du:kha ke kAraNoM kA saMcaya hotA hai isIse aisA kahA hai| aura samyakadarzana, samyagjJAna, samyaka cAritra ko upAdeya aura sukha kA kAraNa btlaayaa| kyoki ina tIno ko dharma batalAyA hai|' AtmA kA moha kSobha se rahita pariNAma dharma hai / aura ina tInoM kI ekatA mokSa kA mArga hai| isI se inheM upAdeya kahA hai| karma bandha kI nivRtti ke liye dhyAna kI prAvazyakatA batalAte hue dhyAna, dhyAna kI sAmagrI aura usake bhedoM Adi kA sundara svarUpa nirdiSTa kiyA hai| ekAgracitta se paMca parameSThiyoM ke svarUpa kA cintana svAdhyAya hai AcArya kundakunda ne kahA hai ki jo arahaMta ko dravyatva guNatva aura paryAyatva ke dvArA jAnatA hai vaha prAtmA ko jAnatA hai aura usakA moha kSINa ho jAtA hai| svAdhyAya se dhyAna kA abhyAsa kare aora svAdhyAya se dhyAna kA. kyoMki dhyAna aura svAdhyAya me paramAtmA kA prakAza hotA hai (tattvA0(81) / dhyAna kA vizada vivecana karate huye dhyAna kI mahattA aura usakA phala batalAyA hai dhyAna ko nirjarA kA hetu aura saMvara kA kAraNa batalAyA hai| dhyAna kI sthiratA ke liye mana aura indriyoM kA damana pAvazyaka hai| indriya kI pravRtti meM mana hI kAraNa hai| mana kI sAmarthya se indriyAM apanA kArya karatI hai, ataeva mana kA jotanA jarUrI hai / jJAna vairAgya rUpa rajja (rassI) se unmArgagAmI indriya rUpa azvoM (ghor3oM) ko vaza meM kiyA jAtA hai, kyoMki indriyoMkA asaMyama Apatti kA kAraNa hai aura unakA jItanA yA vaza meM karanA sampadA kA mArga hai / ataeva unakA niyamana jarUrI hai| mana kA vyApAra naSTa hone para indriyoM ko pravRtti naSTa ho jAtI hai| jisa taraha vRkSa kI jar3a ke vinaSTa hone para patte bhI napTa ho jAte haiN| mana ko jItane ke liye svAdhyAya meM pravRtta honA caahie| aura anutprekSAmoM (bhAvanAmoM) kA cintavana karanA caahie| isase mana ko sthira karane meM sahAyatA milatI hai| isa taraha yaha apane viSaya ko mahatva pUrNa kRti haiM, isakA manana karane se AtmajJAna kI vRddhi hotI hai| svAdhyAya premiyoM ke liye atyanta upayogI hai| 1. sadRSTi jJAna vRttAnidharma dharmezvagaH viduH / ratnakaraNDa thAvakAcAra 2. tad dhyAna nirjarA-hetu savaramya ca kAraNam ( tattvAnuzAsana 56 3. indriAyaNA pravRttau ca nivRttau ca manaH prabhuH / manaeva jayettasmAjjite tasmin jitendriyaH ||76||tttvaanu0 4. jJAna-vairAgya-rajjubhyAM nityamutpathavartinaH : jita cittena zakyante dhatu mindriyavAjinaH / / tatvA0 77 5. raTTe maNavAvAre visaesuNa jati iMdiyA savve / chiNNe tarumsa mUle katto puNa pallavA husi / / 66ArAdhanAsAra

Page #244
210 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 racanA kAla rAmasena ne apane grantha meM racanA kAla nahIM diyA aura na usake racanA sthAna prAdi kA hI ullekha kiyA hai isase grantha ke racanA kAla para prakAza DAlane ke liye kaThinAI upasthita hotI hai / granthollekhoM, prazastiyoM zilAlekhoM aura tAmrapatrAdi meM bhI aisA koI ullekha upalabdha nahI hotA / jisase grantha ke racanA kAla para prakAza par3atA / ataeva anya sAdhana sAmagrI para se racanA kAla para vicAra kiyA jAtA hai / jinasenAcArya ke ziSya guNabhadrAcArya dvArA racita uttarapurANa ke 64veM parva meM bhagavAna kunthunAtha ke carita ko samApta karate hue nimna padya diyA hai: - deha jyotiSi yasya zakra sahitAH sarvepi magnAH surAH / jJAna jyotiSi paMca tattva sahitaM magnaM nabhazcAkhilam / lakSmI dhAma dadhadvidhUta vitatadhvAvantaH sadhAmadvayapaMthAnaM kathayatvanantaguNabhRt kunyurbhavAntasya vaH // 55 isa padya ke sAtha tattvAnuzAsana ke antima nimna padya kA avalokana kIjie:-- dehajyotiSi yasya majjati jagat dugdhAmburAzAviva jJAnajyotiSi ca sphuTatyatitarAmo bhUrbhuvaH svastrayI / zabda- jyotiSi yasya darpaNa iva svArthazcakAsantyamI / sa zrImAnamarAcito jinapatijyotistrayAyA'stu naH // 256 isa padya meM uttara purANa ke padya se jahAM mahatva kI vizeSatA kA darzana hotA hai vahAM usake prAMzika anusaraNa kA bhI patA calatA hai aura yaha spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki tattvAnuzAsanakA rake sAmane athavA unakI smRti meM ukta patha ko racate samaya uttara purANa kA ukta padya rahA hai| isI taraha kA anusaraNa tattvAnuzAsana ke 148 padya meM guNabhadrAcArya racita grAtmAnuzAsana ke 243 ve padya kA bhI dekhA jAtA hai| donoM padya isa prakAra hai: mAmanyamanyaM mAM matvA bhrAnto bhrAntau bhavArNave / nAnyo'ha mahamevA'ha manyo'nyonyo'ha masti na // nAnyo'smi nAhamastyanyo nA'nyAsyA 'haM na me paraH / anyastvanyo'ha mevAsha manyo'nyasyA'ha meva me / / 148 AtmAnuzAsana tattvAnuzAsana 1 isase spaSTa hai ki rAmasena ke sAmane guNabhadrAcArya kA AtmAnuzAsana bhI rahA hai| prAcArya guNabhadra kA samaya vikrama kI 10vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha pAyA jAtA hai; kyoMki uttara purANa kI antima prazasti ke 28 padya se 37 veM padya taka guNabhadrAcArya ke pramukha ziSya lokamena kRta prazasti meM usakA samaya zaka saM0 820, san 838 ( vi0 saM0 655 ) diyA hai, yaha usake racanA kAla kA samaya nahI hai kintu uttara purANa ke pUjotsava kA kAla hai, jaisA ki usake nimna vAkya- "bhavyaH varyaiH prAptejyaM sarvasAraM jagati vijayate puNyametatpurANam" --se jAnA jAtA hai / pUjotsava kA yaha samaya racanA kAla se adhika bAda kA mAlUma nahIM hotA / yadi usameM se pAMca varSa kA samaya grantha kI lipi Adi kA nikAla diyA jAya to zaka saM0 815 ( vi0 saM0 150 ) ke lagabhaga uttara purANa kA racanA kAla nizcita hotA hai| isa taraha tattvAnuzAsana ke nirmANa samaya kI pUrva sImA vi0 saM0 50 sthira ho jAtI hai / isase pUrva kI vaha racanA nahIM hai / kintu dazavIM zatAbdI ke antima caraNa kI jAna par3atI hai / jayasena ke dharmaratnAkara ke 'sAmAyika pratimA-prapaMcana' nAmaka 15veM avasara meM tattvAnuzAsana ke nimna padya ko apane grantha kA aMga banAyA gayA hai, jo tattvAnuzAsana kA 107vAM padya haiH 1. zakanTapakAlAbhyantara vizatyidhikASTa zatamitAbdAnte / maGgala mahArthakAriNi piGgalanAmani samastajana sukhade ||35|| - uttara purANa praza 0

Page #245
navamI-dazavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya 211 prakArAdi hakArAntA maMtrAH paramazaktayaH / svamaMDalagatAH dhyeyA lokdvyphlprdaaH|| dharma ratnAkara kA racanA kAla sa0 1055 hai / ' ataH tattvAnuzAsana isase pUrvavartI racanA hai:prAcArya amitagati dvinoya ke upAsakAcAra meM eka padya nimna prakAra pAyA jAtA hai: abhyasyamAnaM bahudhAsthiratvaM yathati durbodha mayIha shaastrm| zUnaM tathA dhyAna mapItimatvA dhyAnaM sadAbhyastu moktu kAmaH // upAsakAcAra 10-111 dhyAna viSaya kI preraNA karane vAlA yaha padya tattvAnuzAsana ke nimna padya se prabhAvita tathA anusaraNa ko liye hue hai: yathAbhyAsena zAstrANi sthirANi syurmahAntyapi / tathA dhyAnamapi sthairya labhate'bhyAsa vartinAm / / 88 ina. amitagati dvitIya ke dAdA guru amitagati ( prathama ) dvArA racita yogasAra prAbhUta 16 veM adhikAra meM eka padya nimna prakAra se upalabdha hotA hai| yena yenaiva bhAvena yujyate yNtrvaahkH| tanmayastatratatrApi vizvarupo maNiyathA // 51 yaha padya tattvAnuzAsana ke 161 padya ke sAtha sAda zya rakhatA hai: yena bhAvena yadrapaM dhyAyatyAtmAna mAtmavit / tena tanmayatAM yAti sopAdhiH sphaTiko yathA // 16 // amitagati prathama kA samaya vikrama kI 11vIM zatAbdI kA prathama caraNa hai| dravya saMgraha ke TIkAkAra brahmadeva ne tattvAnuzAsana se (83-84) ye do padya grantha ke nAmollekha ke sAtha uddhata kiye haiN| brahmadeva kA samaya vikrama kI 11vIM zatAbdI kA antima caraNa aura 12vIM kA pUrvArdha hai| isase spaSTa hai ki rAmasena amitagati prathama aura brahmadeva 11 vIM zatAbdI se pUrvavartI haiN| __ tattvAnuzAsana para AcArya amRtacandra ke granthoM kA sAhityika anusaraNa evaM prabhAva parilakSita hai| tattvArthasAra ke 7 veM va padyoM kA tattvAnuzAsana ke 4-5 padyoM para spaSTa prabhAva hai aura sAhityika anusaraNa hai| isase tattvAnuzAsana kI racanA amRtacandrAcArya ke bAda huI hai| sapna tattvoM meM heyopAdeya kA vibhAga karane vAle ve padya isa prakAra haiM: upAdeya tayA jIvo jIvoheyatayoditaH / heyasyAsminnupAdAna hetuttvenA' stravaH smRtaH // 7 saMvaro nirjarA heya-hAna-hetu-tayoditau / heya-prahANarUpeNa mokSo jIvasya dazitaH // tattvArthasAra bandho nivandhanaM cAsya heyamityupadarzitam / heyasyA' zeSa duHkhasya yasmAd bIjamidaM dvayam / / 4 mokSastatkAraNaM caitadupAdeya mudAhRtam / upAdeyaM sukhaM yasmAdasmAdAvirbhaviSyati // tattvAnuzAsana / nizcaya aura vyavahAra ke bheda se mokSamArga ke do bhedoM kA prarUpaka tathA unameM sAdhya-sAdhyanatA-viSayaka padya bhI sAhityika anusaraNa ko liye hue pAyA jAtA hai / 1. bANendriya vyoma soma-mite savatsare zubhe / (1055) anyo'ya siddhatA yAtiH sabalIkarahATake / / -dharmaglAkara praza0

Page #246
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 AcArya amRtacandra kA samaya vikrama kI 10 vIM zatAbdI kA uttarArdha hai| paTTAvalI meM unake paTTArohaNa kA samaya jo vi0 saM0 662 diyA hai, vaha ThIka jAna par3atA hai; kyoMki saM0 1055 meM banakara samApta hue 'dharmaratnAkara' meM amRtacandrAcArya ke puruSArtha siddhyupAya se 60 padya ke lagabhaga uddhRta pAye jAte haiN|' isase amRtacandra saM0 1055 se pUrvavartI haiN| paM0 jugalakizora jI mukhtAra ne amRtacandra kA samaya 10 vIM zatAbdI tRtIya caraNa batalAyA hai mora rAmasena kA 10 vIM zatAbdI kA caturtha caraNa hai / 212 indranandI ( jvAlAmAlinI grantha ke kartA) prastuta indranandI yogIndra ve haiM jo maMtra zAstra ke viziSTa vidvAna the / yaha vAsavanandI ke praziSya aura bappanandI ke ziSya the / inhoMne helAcArya dvArA udita hue artha ko lekara 'jvAlinI kalpa' nAma ke maMtra zAstra kI racanA kI hai / isa grantha meM mantri, graha, mudrA, maNDala, kaTu, tela, vazyamaMtra, tantra, vapanavidhi, nIrAjanavidhi aura sAdhana vidhi nAma ke dasa adhikAroM dvArA maMtra zAstra viSaya kA mahatva kA kathana diyA huA hai / isa grantha kI prAdya prazasti ke 22veM padya meM grantha racanA kA pUrA itivRtta diyA huA hai / aura batalAyA hai ki devI ke pradeza se 'jvAlinImata, nAma kA grantha helAcArya ne banAyA thA / unake ziSya gaMgamuni, nIlagrIva aura vIjAba hue / AryikA kSAMtirasavvA aura viruvaTTa nAma kA kSullaka huA / isa taraha guru paripATI aura avicchinna sampradAya se prAyA huA use kandarpa ne jAnA aura usane guNanandI nAmaka muni ke liye vyAkhyAna kiyA, aura upadeza diyA / unake samIpa una donoM ne usa zAstra ko nyataH aura arthataH indranandI muni ke prati bhale prakAra kahA / taba indranandi ne pahale kliSTa prAktana zAstra ko hRdaya dhAraNa kara lalita AryA aura gItAdika meM helAcArya ke ukta artha ko grantha parivartana ke sAtha sampUrNa jagata ko vismaya karane vAlA janahitakara grantha racA / ataeva prastuta indranandI vikrama kI dazavIM zatAbdI ke upAntya samaya ke vidvAna haiN| kyoMki inhoMne jvAlAmAlinI kalpa kI racanA zaka saM0 861 san 636 ( vi0 saM0 666 meM banAkara samApta kiyA thaa| gommaTasAra ke kartA nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI ne indranaMdi kA guru rUpa se smaraNa kiyA hai / ye indranaMdi vahI jAna par3ate haiM / jinake dIkSA guru bappanandI aura maMtrazAstra guru guNanandI aura siddhAnta zAstra guru zrabhayanaMdI ho 1. anekAnta varSa 8 kiraNa 4-5 meM prakAzita amRtacandra sUrikA samaya pR0 173 2. yad vRttaM duritArisanyahanane caNDAsi dhArAyitam cittaM yasya zaratsaratsalilavatsvacchaM sadAzItalam / kIrtiH zArada kaumudI zazibhUto jyotsneva yasyA'malA sa zrI vAsavanandi sanmunipatiH ziSyastadIyo bhavet ||2|| ziSyastasya mahAtmA caturanuyogeSu caturamati vibhavaH / zrI pradiguru riti budhamadhupaniSevitpadAbjaH // 3 loke yasya prasAdAdjani munijanastatpurANArthavedI / yasyAzAstaMbha mUrdhanyati vimalayazaH zrI vitAnA nibaddhaH / kAlAstAyena paurANika kavivRSabha / dyotitAstatpurANavyakhyAnAd bappaNaMdi prathitaguNa-gaNastasya kiM varNyate'tra // 2 3. aSTazatasyaikapaSThi pramAraNazakavatsareSvatIteSu / zrImAnyakheTa kaMTake parva NyakSaya tRtIyAyAm // zatadalasahita catuHzata parimANagrantha racanayAyuktam zrIkRSNarAja rAjye samAptametanmata devyAH || dekho jvAlAmAlinI kalpa kAraMjAbhaMDAra prazasti / jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka khaNDa 2 aMka 3, pR0 14-156

Page #247
navamI-dazavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya 213 jAte haiN| yadi yaha kalpanA ThIka hai to nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI ke garu indranaMdI kA ThIka patA cala jAtA hai| samaya kI dRSTi se bhI nemicandra aura indranaMdI kA sAmaMjasya baiTha jAtA hai / indranaMdI ne isa grantha kI racanA mAnyakheTa (malakheDA) ke kaTaka meM rAjA zrIkRSNa ke rAjyakAla meM zaka saMvata 861 (san 636) meM kI thii| gurudAsa guruvAsa-yaha kauNDa kundAnvayI zrInaMdanaMdI ke zipya aura zrInaMdIguru ke caraNa kamaloM ke bhramara the, jinheM jIta zAstra (prAyazcitya zAstra) meM vidagdha aura siddhAntajJa batalAyA hai / ve gurudAsa ke pUrvavartI bar3e guru bhAI ke rUpa meM hue haiN| vRSabhanaMdI gurudAsa se bhI uttaravartI haiN| gurudAsa ko tIkSNamatI aura sarasvatIsUnu likhA hai| ve bar3e bhArI vidvAna aura graMthakartA the / vRSabhanaMdI ne jItasAra samuccaya meM likhA hai ki zrInaMdanandivatsaH zrInaMdigurupadAbja-SaTcaraNaH / zrIgurudAsonaMdyA tIkSNamatiH zrI sarasvatI sUnuH // inake dvArA banAyA huA cUlikA sahita prAyazcita graMtha apUrva racanA hai| gurudAsa ne apanA koI samaya nahIM diyA / parantu jAna par3atA hai ki gurudAsa vikrama kI dazavIM zatAbdI ke upAntya samaya aura 11vIM zatAbdo ke pUrvArdha ke vidvAna haiN| bAhubalideva yaha vyAkaraNa zAstra ke vidvAna prAcArya the| usa samaya ravicandra svAmI, arhanaMdI, zubhacandra bhaTTAraka deva, maunIdeva, aura prabhAcaMdra nAma ke munigaNa vidyamAna the| zAkA 602 (vi0 saM0 1037) meM rAjA zAntivarmA ne prAcArya bAhubalideva ke caraNoM meM sugaMdhavartI (saundatti) ke jaina maMdiroM ke liye 150 eka saupacAsa mattara bhUmi pradAna kI thii| bhuvanaika malla cAlukya vaMzIya satyAzraya ke rAjya meM laTTalUrapura ke mahAmaNDalezvara kAtivIrya dvi0 sena prathama ke putra the| usa samaya ravicaMdra svAmI aura arhanandI maujUda the| kanakasena yaha kumArasena ke prazipya aura vIrasena ke ziSya the| inheM zrIkRSNa vallabha ke sAmanta vinayAmbUdhi ke pradeza dhavala meM mUllagunda nagara ke jina maMdira ke liye, jise cadArya ke putra cikArya ne banavAyA thaa| arasArya ne dAna diyA thaa| isa dAna kA ullekha senavaMza ke mUlagunda ke zaka saM0 824 (vi0 saM0 656) ke lekha meM huA hai| jaisA ki usake nimna padya se pragaTa hai zakanRpakAleSTazate caturuttaravizaduttare saMpragate / duMdubhinAmani varSe pravartamAne janAnurAgotkarSe // sarvanandi bhaTTAraka yaha kundakunda AmnAya ke vidvAna the| inake samaya kA eka zilAlekha milA hai jisameM kundakundamAmnAya ke (miTI ke pAtra dhArI ) bhaTTAraka ke ziSya sarvanandi bhaTTArakane koppala ke pahAr3a para nivAsakara vahAM ke logoM ko aneka upadeza diye / aura bahuta samaya taka kaThora tapazcaraNa kara sanyAsa vidhi se zarIra kA parityAga kiyaa| para zilAlekha zaka saM0803 (vi0 saM0638) kA hai| isase ye vikrama kI dazavIM zatAbdI ke prAcArya the| 1. (See Indian Antiquary V. IV p. 279-80) 2. jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 2 pR0 158-6 3. (See Jainism in South India p. 424

Page #248
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa bhAga - 2 nAgavarma prathama nAgavarma nAma ke do kavi ho gae hai| eka chandombunidhi aura kAdambarI kA racayitA aura dUsarA kAvyAvalokana, vastu koza aura karnATakabhASA bhUSaNAdi granthoM kA kartA / 1 inameM prathama nAgavarma veMgIdezake beMgIpura nagara ke rahane vAle kauMDiyya gotrIya bennAmayya brAhmaNa kA putra thA / isakI mAtA kA nAma polakavye thaa| isane apane guru kA nAma zrajitasenAcArya batalAyA hai / rakkasagaMgarAja jisane IsavI san 684 se 666 taka rAjya kiyA hai aura jo gaMgavaMzIya mahArAja rAcamalla kA bhAI thA, isakA poSaka thA / cAmuMDarAya kI bhI isa para kRpA rahatI thI / kavi hokara bhI yaha bar3A vIra aura yuddha vidyA meM catura thaa| kanar3I meM isa samaya chanda zAstra ke jitane grantha prApya haiM unameM isakA 'chandombunidhi' sabase prAcIna mAnA jAtA hai / yaha grantha kavi ne apanI strI ko uddezya karake likhA hai / isakA dUsarA grantha bANabhaTTa ke suprasiddha grantha ' kAdambarI' kA sundara padyamaya anuvAda hai / para granthoM ke maMgalAcaraNa meM na jAne zivAdi kI stuti kyoM kI hai ? isakA samaya IsA kI 10vIM zatAbdI hai / 214 nAgavadvitIya nAgava dUsarA - yaha jAtikA brAhmaNa thA / isake pitA kA nAmadAmodara thA / yaha cAlukya nareza jagadeka mallakA senApati aura janna kavi kA guru thA / kanar3I sAhitya meM isakI 'kavitAguNodaya' ke nAma se khyAta hai / abhinava zarvavarma, kavikarNapUra aura kavitA guNodaya ye usakI upAdhiyA~ thI / vANivallabha, janna, sAlva yAdi kaviyoM ne isakI stuti kI hai| isake banAye hue kAvyAvalokana karNAnATaka bhASA bhUSaNa, aura vastu koza ye tIna grantha haiM / isameM pAMca adhyAya haiN| pahale bhAga meM kanar3I kA vyAkaraNa hai / nRpatuMga ( amoghavarSa) ke alaMkAra zAstra kI apekSA yaha vistRta hai / karNATaka bhASA bhUSaNa saMskRta meM bhASA kA utkRSTa vyAkaraNa hai / mUlasUtra aura vRtti saMskRta meM hai / udAhaNa kar3I meM / upalabdha kanar3I vyAkaraNoM meM- jo ki saMskRta sUtroM meM hai - yaha sabase pahalA aura uttama vyAkaraNa hai / isI ko Adarza mAna kara san 1604 meM bhaTTAkalaMka (dvitIya) ne kanar3I kA zabdAnuzAsana nAmakA vizAla vyAkaraNa saMskRta meM banAyA hai / yaha vyAkaraNa maisUra sarakAra kI ora se chapa cukA hai / vastu koza kanar3I meM prayukta hone vAle saMskRta zabdoM kA artha batalAne vAlA padyamaya nighaNTu yA koza hai / vararuci, halAyudha, zAzvata, amarasiMha Adi ke grantha dekhakara isakI racanA kI gaI hai / isakA samaya 1136 I0 se 1149 IsvI hai / prAcArya mahAsena yaha lAr3a bAgaDa saMgha ke pUrNacandra, prAcArya jayasena ke praziSya aura guNAkara senasUri ke ziSya the / prAcArya mahAsena siddhAntajJa, vAdI, vAgmI aura kavi the, tathA zabdarUpI brahma ke vicitra dhAma the / yazasviyoM dvArA mAnya aura sajjanoM meM agraNI evaM pApa rahita the aura paramAra vaMzI rAjA muMja ke dvArA pUjita the| ye samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritra aura tapa kI sImA svarUpa the, aura bhavyarUpI kamaloM ko vikasita karane vAle bAndhava the - sUrya the / tathA sindhurAja ke mahAmAtyaparpaTa dvArA jinake caraNa kamala pUjita the unhIM ke anurodha se kavi ne pradyumna carita kI racanA kI hai / aura rAjA ke anucara vivekavAna madhana ne ise likhakara kovida janoM ko 1. tacchiSyo viditA gvilorusamayo vAdI ca vAgmI kaviH zabdabrahmavicitradhAmayazasAM mAnyAM satAmagraraNIH / zrAsIt zrI mahAsenasUriranaghaH zrImuraM jagajAcitaH // sImA darzanabodhaprattatapasAM bhavyAbjanIvAndhavaH ||3 2. zrI sindhurAjasya mahattamena zrI parpaTenAcitapAdapadmaH / cakAra tenAbhihitaH prabandhaM sa pAvanaM niSThita maGgajamya // pradya umna carita prazArita

Page #249
navamI-dazavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya 215 diyaa| ApakI kRti 'pradyumna carita' nAmaka mahAkAvya hai| jisake prayetka sarga kI puSpi kA meM-'zrIsindhurAja satka mahAmahattama zrI parpaTa guroH paMDita zrImahAsenAcAryasya kRte / vAkya ullikhita milatA hai jisase spaSTa hai ki parpaTa mahAsena ke ziSya the| aura jaina dharma ke saMpAlaka the| yaha eka sundara kAvya-grantha hai| isa meM 14 sarga haiM, jinameM zrI kRSNa ke putra pradyumna kumAra kA jIvana paricaya aMkita kiyA gayA hai, jo kAmadeva the| jise kavi ne sasAravicchedaka batalAyA hai| isakI kathA vastu kA AdhAra srota harivaMza purANa hai| harivaMza purANa meM yaha carita 47veM saga ke 20veM padya se 48veM sarga ke 31veM padya taka pAyA jAtA hai| kAvya kA 'kathA bhAga bar3A hI suMdara rasa aura alakAroM se alaMkRta hai / isa grantha meM upajAti, vaMzastha zArdUlavikrIDita, rathoddhatA, praharSiNI, drutavilambita, pRthvI, anuSTubha, upendravajrA, hariNI, svAgatA, mAlinI, lalitA, zAlinI, aura vasantatilakA Adi chandoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / kathA kA nAyaka paurANika vyakti hai parantu usakA jIvana atyanta pAvana rahA hai| kavi mahAsena ne graMtha meM racanA kAla nahIM diyA,kintu zilAlekhoM Adi para se mUja aura sindhala kA kAla nizcita hai| rAjA maMja ke do dAnapatra vi0 saM0 1031 aura 1036 ke mile haiN| saM0 1050 aura saM0 1054 ke madhya kisI samaya tailapadeva ne maMja kA vadha kiyA thaa| inhIM rAjA muMja ke samaya 1050 meM amitagati dvitIya ne apanA subhASitaratnasandoha samApta kiyA thaa| ataH yahI samaya AcArya mahAsena kA honA caahie| yaha IsA kI 10vIM zatAbdI ke prAcArya haiN| Adi paMpa inakA janma san 02 meM brAhmaNa kulameM huA thaa| pitA kA nAma abhirAmadevarAya thaa| jo pahale vedAnuyAyI thA aura bAda ko vaha jainadharma kA upAsaka ho gayA thaa| yaha pUligerI cAlukya rAjA arikezarI kA darabArI kavi aura senApati thaa| aura kanar3I bhASA kA zreSTha kavi samajhA jAtA thaa| isakI do kRtiyAM upalabdha haiN| eka Adi purANa aura dUsarA bhAratacampU / Adi purANa gadya-padyamaya campU hai, jise kavi ne 36 varSa kI avasthA meM tIna mahIne meM banAkara samApta kiyA thaa| grantha meM 16 pariccheda yA adhyAya haiN| isa grantha kA gadya lalita, hRdayaMgama, gaMbhIrAzaya aura bhAvapUrNa hai aura padya motI kI lar3iyoM ke samAna hai| bhASA zailI sarvotkRSTa hai| isa ra samantabhadra, kavi parameSThI, pUjyapAda, gRddhapicchAcArya, jaTAcArya, zruta kIrti, maladhAri, siddhAnta munIzvara, devendra muni, jayanaMdi muni aura akalaMka deva kA ullekha kiyA hai| kavi kI dUsarI kRti bhAratacampU hai jise kavi ne chaha mahIne meM banAkara pUrNa kiyA thaa| isameM 14 prAzvAsa haiN| jisameM pANDavoM ke janma se lekara kauravoM ke vadha taka kI ghaTanA aMkita hai| aura rAjyAbhiSeka ho cakane para grantha samApta kiyA gayA hai| yaha grantha kanar3I sAhitya meM ve joDa hai isameM kavi ko Azraya dene vAle rAjA arikesarI kA parjana ke sAtha sAmya dikhalAyA gayA hai| isa grantha kI racanA se prasanna hokara arikesarI ne kavi ko bacce sAsira' prAnta kA 'dharmapUra nAma kA eka grAma bheMTasvarUpa diyA thaa| kavi ne yaha grantha zaka saM0 863 sana 141 aura vi0 saM0668) meM banAkara samApta kiyA thaa| ataH kavi dazavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna hai| kavi paunna paunna kanar3I bhASA kA prasiddha kavi huA hai| kavi cakravartI, ubhayacakravartI, sarvadeva kavIndra aura saujanya kundAMkura Adi isakI upAdhiyAM thiiN| isake guru kA nAma indranaMdi thaa| kannar3a sAhitya meM pampa, paunna aura ranna ne 3. zrI bhUyateranucaro maghano vivekI zRgAra bhAvadhanasAgararAgasAraM / kAvyaM vicitra paramAdabhUtavarNa-gumphaM saMlekhya kovida janAya dadau muvRttaM // 6 vahI prazasti

Page #250
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 296 sAdhAraNa khyAti pAI hai| paunna to bANa kI barAbarI karate haiN| nayasena ne apane dharmAmRta ke 36 veM padya ke nimna vAkya dvArA 'prasagana desi ponnata mahottana tivetta veDaguM,, - prasaga aura paunna kA nAmollekha kiyA hai / paunna ne svayaM zAntinAtha purANa (650 I0) meM kannar3a kavitA meM apane ko -- 'kannaDaka viteyola zrasagam, vAkya dvArA asaga ke samAna honA batalAyA hai| rASTrakUTa rAjA kRSNa tRtIya ne jisakA dUsarA nAma akAlavarSa thaa| inakA rAjya kAla zaka saM0 867 se 894, (san 645 se 672) taka thA / ise ubhayakavi cakravartI kA sammAna sUcaka pada pradAna kiyA thA, aisA janna ke yazodhara caritra se jo IsvI san 1206 meM banA hai mAlUma hotA hai durgasiMha (san 1945 ) eka padya se bhI isakA sAkSya milatA hai / isake banAye hue zAntinAtha purANa aura jinAkSara mAlA ye do grantha upalabdha haiM / zAntinAtha purANa, jisameM solahaveM tIrthakara kA jIvana vRtta aMkita hai / gadya-padya maya campUkAvya hai / isake bAraha prazvAsa haiM / isa grantha ko kavi purANa cUr3AmaNi bhI kahate haiN| isakI vitA bahuta hI sundara hai / veMgI deza ke kammenADikA paMganUra nAmaka gAMva ke rahane vAle kauMDinya gotrodbhava nAgamayya nAmaka, jaina brAhmaNa ke mallaya aura punnimayya nAma ke do putra the jo bAda meM talapadeva ke senApati ho gaye the / apane guru jinacandra deva ke prati parokSa vinaya pragaTa karane ke lie kavi paunna se zAMtinAtha purANa banAne kA anurodha kiyA thaa| unhIM ke anurodha se isa grantha kI racanA huI hai aisA grantha prazasti para se jJAta hotA hai / jinAkSara mAlA choTI-sI stavanAtmaka kavitA hai / jo varNAnukrama se banAI gaI hai / zAntinAtha purANa ke anta ke eka padya se mAlUma hotA hai ki isa kavi ke banAye hue do grantha aura haiN| eka rAma kathA yA bhuvanaM ka rAmAbhyudaya aura dUsarA gatavAda / yaha dUsarA grantha saMskRta meM hai / koI-koI vidvAna inakA banAyA huA alaMkAra grantha bhI batalAte haiM parantu ye tInoM grantha anupalabdha hai / prajitapurANa ke eka padya se jJAta hotA hai ki pampa, paunna aura ranna tInoM kavi kannar3a sAhitya ke ratna haiM / paunna kavi kI uttaravartI jaina-jainetara kaviyoM ne bahuta prazaMsA kI hai| pArzva paNDita ( I0 san 1206 ), nayasena (1112), nAgavarma (1945) rudrabhaTTa (1980) kezirAja (1260) madhura (1380) Adi / ina kaviyoM ke kannar3I granthoM kA hindI anuvAda honA zrAvazyaka hai jisase hindI bhASI janatA bhI usase lAbha uThA ske| cUMki kavi ne apanA zAntinAtha purANa san 650 I0 meM banAyA thA / zrataH * kavi kA samaya 10vIM zatAbdI hai / kavi ratna ranna kavi kA janma san 646 IsvI meM 'mudubola' nAma ke grAma meM huA thaa| inake pitA kA nAma jinavallabhendra maura mAtA kA nAma avvalabbe thA / yaha jainadharma ke saMpAlaka vaizya (vaniyA ) the / prArthika sthiti kamajAra hone ke kAraNa apanA jIvana nirvAha cUr3I beca kara karate the / isa kAraNa ve apanI saMtAna kI zikSA kA ucita prabandha nahIM kara pAte the / kintu ranna janma se hI honahAra, subhaga cAritravAna aura uttama prakRtiyoM kA dhanI thA / vaha medhAvI aura bhAgyazAlI thA / isako dekhate hI anajAna Agantuka bhI apanAne laga jAte the / vaha par3osiyoM ke liye atyanta priya thA / usake mAtA-pitA kA usa para apAra prema thA / usakI grahaNa-dhAraNa kI zakti aura pratibhA bAlyakAla se hI Azcarya janaka thii| usane bAlyakAla meM apanA samaya adhyayana meM vyatIta kiyA thA / kumAra avasthA meM bhI usakI vizeSa ruci adhyayana kI ora thii| Arthika paristhiti ThIka na hone para bhI usane apanI himmata nahIM hArI / kintu vaha dRDhavratI raha apane uddezya kI pUrti karane ke prayatna meM saMlagna rahatA thA / eka dina vaha ghara se baMkApura calA gyaa| usa samaya baMkApura vidyA kA kendra banA huA thaa| vahAM kaI vidyAlaya the, jinameM zikSA dI jAtI thii| vaha ajitasenAcArya ke pAsa pahu~cA, unake darzana kara usakA mana harSita huA, usane unheM namaskAra kiyA / AcArya ne pUchA tumhArA kyA nAma hai aura yahA~ kisa liye Aye ho / usane kahA, bhagavan ! merA nAma ranna hai aura yahAM vidyAdhyayana karane kI icchA se AyA hU~ / prAcArya ne usakI ruci vidyAdhyayana kI dekha usakI saba vyavasthA karA dI / ranna medhAvI aura parizramI chAtra thA, usane bar3I lagana se vahA~ siddhAnta

Page #251
navI-dasavI zatAbdI ke AcArya 217 kAvya, chanda, alaMkAra, koza aura mahAkAvyo kA adhyayana kiyaa| vidyAdhyayana se usakI buddhi zAna para rakhe hue ratna ke samAna camaka uThI / pratibhA sampanna vidvAna dekhakara AnArya ke harSa kA ThikAnA na rhaa| prAcArya ne gagarAja ke maMtrI cAmuNDarAya se usakA paricaya kraayaa| bhAmuNDAya guNIjanoM ke prAzraya unhone tIkSNa buddhi aura pratibhA sampanna gunaka ko pAkara usakI sahAyatA kii| ve isake poSaka the| aba kavi rAjya mAnya thA aura rAjA kI aura meM uge mUrvaNadaNDa, cavaMra, chatra' hApI gake sAtha calate the| isakI kaviratna, kavicakravartI, kavikajagakaza aura ubhayabhASAkavi upAdhiyA dhii| pavi ranna na apanI kAvyakalA, komala kalpanA, cArU cintA proraprasphuTita pratibhA praura pramAda gaNa yatna ganI ke kAraNa unakI kAlIna kannaDa vidvAnoM para prabhatA chA gaI thii| isase use asAdhAraNa syAti milii| kavi kI usa samaya dApatiyA upalabdha hai| eka kA nAma 'ajitapurANa, aura dUsarI kRti kA nAma mAhasa bhIma vijaya yA gadAyuddha hai| ajita purANa meM jeniyo ke dUsare tIrthakara ajitanAtha vA jIvana paricaya 12 AzvAsoM meM aMkita hai| yaha gadya padyamaya campU grantha hai jise kAvyaratnapAra pUrANa tilaka bhI kahate hai| vinaga grantha kI racanA zaka sa0615 (san 663 I.) vi0ma0 1050 me banAkara samApta kI thii| kavi kahatA hai ki jama taraha mai isa grantha kI racanA me 'vaizyavazadhvaja' kahalAyA, usI taraha AdipurANa ko ravanA ke kAraNa pa1 'brAhmaNavazadhvaja' kahalAyA thaa| tailapadeva (673-667) ke do menApati the| mannA aura puNyamayya : name me puNyamayya to apane zatru govinda ke sAtha laDakara kAverI nadI ke taTa para mArA gyaa| pora mallaga lipa: svargavAsI hone ke bAda pAhava malla ke rAjA hone para (san 197 me 1008 dasa sau pATha) taka pugyAdhikArI huaa| isakI pratimabbe nAma kI eka sundara kanyA thI, jo cAlukya cakravartI ke mahAmatrI dallipa ke putra nAgadeva ko vivAha bhii| nAgadeva bAlakapana se bar3A sAhasI aura parAkramI huaa| ataeva cAlukya nareza pAhava malla ne prasanna hokara ise apanA pradhAna senApati bnaayaa| yaha aneka yuddho me apanA parAkrama dikhalAkara vijayI huA mora anta ko mArA gyaa| isakI laghapatnI guDamabbe to isake sAtha satI ho gaI, kintu atimavye apane putra annagadeva kI rakSA karatI haI vrata nipTha hokara rahane lgii| isakI jainadharma para agAdha zraddhA thii| isane suvarNamaya aura patnajaTita eka hajAra jina pratimAeM banavAkara sthApita kii| ora lAkho rupayo kA dAna kiyaa| isa dAnazIlA strIratna ke santoSa ke lie kaviranna ne ukta ajitapurANa kI racanA kI thii| aisA uma grantha kI prazasti me jJAta hAtA hai| sAhasa bhImavijaya yA gadA yuddha--yaha dama pAzvAmoM kA gadya-padyamaya campU prantha hai| isameM mahAbhArata kI kathA kA sihAvalokana karate hue cAlukya nareza Ahaba malla kA caritra likhA hai| prAra apane poSaka Ahava malladeva kI bhImasena ke sAtha tulanA kI hai| racanA vilakSaNa aura prAmAda guNa ko lie ddaa| karnATaka kavi carita ke kartA ne likhA hai ki ranna kavi kI racanA proDha ora marama hai, padya pravAha rUpa yora hRdayagrAhI hai| sAhasa bhIma vijaya ko par3hanA zurU karake phira chor3ane ko jI nahIM caahtaa| mahAbhArata yuddha meM kaurava-pANDavo kI sainya zakti ke kSaya ke mAtha duryodhana ke sabhI prAtmIyajanoM ke mAre jAne para, tathA pANDavo ke abhimanyu jaise vIra yuvaka ke svargavAsI ho jAne para, logo kI yaha dhAraNA ho gaI thI ki duryodhana akelA pANDavoM ko vijita nahI kara sktaa| yadyapi vaha vIra kSatriya, mahAparAkramI, gurubhavata, haThI, prati kArAbhilApI, yuddha priya eva udAra hai, to bhI usane mAtA-pitA, bhIma aura sajaya dvArA upasthita sadhi ke prastAva ko ThukarA diyaa| vaha usI samaya sagarva sajaya se kahatA hai ki ye sabala bhajAe~ aura merI pracai gadA maujUda hai / ataeva mujhe sahAyatA kI AvazyakatA nahI hai| adhapitA dhatarApTa pANDavoM ko prAdhA rAjya dekara sadhI karane ko prArthanA karatA hai, mAtA gAdhArI bhI dInatA se usakA samarthana karatI hai / to bhI usa para usakA koI prabhAva nahIM pdd'taa| anta meM duryodhana aura bhIma kA bhISaNa gadAyuddha hotA hai| usameM bhIma kI gadA ke prahAra se duryodhana ke uru bhaga ho ge| jisase vaha maraNAsanna ho gayA / uruSoM kI asahya pIDA ko mahatA huaA bhI duryodhana pADavo me badalA lene ke lie azvatthAmA se kahatA hai ki pADavo ko mAra kara unake mastaka lAkara mujhe dikhalAo jisase mere prANazAnti se nikala ske|

Page #252
218 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 isameM sandeha nahI ki duryodhana mahA abhimAnI aura IrSAlu ora kauravoM kA pakSapAtI thaa| vaha pAMDavoM ko nirdopa mAnatA harA bhI unake pratikAra karane kI bhAvanA rakhatA thaa| phira bhI usameM kucha mAnavocita guNa bhI the, unakA sarvathA bhulAyA nahIM jA sktaa| jaba vaha yuddha sthala meM mAre gae apana snehI ora gurujanoM Adi kA dekhatA hai taba vaha unaka prati svAbhAvika garu bhakti prakaTa karatA huA sneho janA ka viyoga se khinna hAtA hai| ora unaka vinAza meM durnaya eva duSTatA kA kAraNa mAnatA huA pazcAtApa karatA hai| aura bhISma ke caraNA meM par3a kara unase kSamA mAgatA hai / Age zatrukumArI meM parAkramI bAlaka abhimanyu ko dekhatA hai taba usake sAhasa pAra vAratA kA mukta kaMTha se prazasA karatA huA duryodhana hAtha jor3akara prArthanA karatA hai ki mujhe bhI isI prakAra vAra maraNa prApta haa| ranna kavi kA 'gadAyuddha' bahuta hA mArmika Ara vastutatva kA yathArtharUpa meM citraNa karatA hai| mahAbhArata meM sarvatra bhIma ke sAhasa kI prazasA milegii| kintu ranna kavi ke gadAyuddha ma duryAdhana ka sAmane bhAma kA sAhasa nisteja (phIkA) ho jAtA hai adhikAza grantha kartAoM ne dropadi ke vastrApaharaNa Adi anucita ghaTanAoM ke kAraNa daryodhana ko kalakI Adi apazabdoM meM dopI ThaharAyA hai vaha haThI hote hae bhI usameM udAratA Adi guNa avazya the / bhIma bho abhimAno pratApI aura sAhasI thaa| usakI gadA prahAra se jara duryodhana ke uru bhaMga ho ge| usakI asahya pIr3A se pIDita aura rakta Adrita maraNAsanna duryodhana ke mukaTa ko lAta mAranA kisI taraha bhI ucita nahI kahA jA sakatA, vaha bhIma kA anucita kArya thA / ranna kA duryodhana antataka kSAtra dharma kA pAlana karatA hai| bhIma meM hasI Adi kucha aise dopa bhI the jinake kAraNa mahA pratApI nArAyaNa kRSNa bhI pANDavoM me virakta ho gae the| ranna kavi kA 'ranna kanda' nAma kA eka choTA-sA kavitA grantha bhI hai| guNanandi guNanandi-nandi sagha dezIya gaNa ke prAcArya dalAkapiccha ke zipya the| jo bhavyarUpI kamaloM ko vikasita karane vAle padma bandha the| muniyoM ke svAmI degIya gaNa meM agraNIya, aura guNAkara tathA gaNadhara ke samAna the| unakI vidvatA aura mahattA kA sahaja hI anumAna ho jAtA hai / jaisAki ki nimna padya me prakaTa hai: babhUba bhavyAmbujapadmabandhuH patirmunInAM gaNabhRtsamAnaH / __sadagraNI dezagaNAgragaNyo guNAkaraH zrIguNanandinAmA // zravaNa belgola ke 47 va zilAlekha meM batalAyA gayA hai ki guNanandi prAcArya ke tIna sau 300 ziSya the| unameM 72 siddhAnta zAratra ke narmajJa vidvAna the| vibudhaguNa nandi bhI inhI ke zipya the| vibudhagaNanandi ke ziSya abhaya nandi the una ziSyoM meM devendra geDAntika sabase adhika prasiddha the|' ina devendra seddhAntika ke eka ziSya kaladhautanandi yA kanaka nandi middhAntaca kavanA the jinhoMne indranandi guru ke pAsa siddhAnta zAstra kA adhyayana kiyA thA aura satva sthAna kI racanA kI thii| isa lekha ke utkIrNa hone kA samaya zaka sa0 1026 san 1107 hai| kintu prastuta prAcArya kA samaya ukta zilAlekha se hai| ve dazavoM zatAbdI ke vidvAna the| yazodeva yazodeva-gauDa saMgha ke mAnya muni the| ugra tapa ke prabhAva se jinakA zAsana devatA se samAgama tachiTo gRgAnandi paNTina nizcAritracakrezvaramnarka banAkaraNAdi gAmbanipuraNasmAhitya vidyApatiH ! mithyAvAdimadAndhamindharaghaTAmaMghaTTakaNThIravo, bhayyAmbhoja divAkaro vijayatA kandarpadappApahaH / / 7 / / nacchippA strizatAviveka nidhayazzAstrAbdhipAraGgatAmteSutkRSTalagA dvinapnatimitA siddhAntazAstrArthaka -- vyAkhyAne paTavo vicitracaritAsteSu prasiddho muniH / nAnAnUnanayapramANanipuNo devendrasaddhAntikaH // 8 -jana lekha saM0 bhA0 1 pR0 58-58

Page #253
navamI dasavI zatAbdI ke AcArya 216 hanA thaa| yaha mahAna Rddhi ke dhAraka the| inhI ke zipya nemideva the, jo syAdvAda samudra ke usa pAra taka dekhane vAle aura paravAdiyoM ke darparUpI vRkSoM ko chedane ke liye kuThAra the| prAcArya somadeva ne nItivAvayAmata kI prazasti meM nemideva ko 55 mahAvAdiyoM ko parAjita karane vAlA batalAyA hai| pora yazastilaka kI prazasti me 13 mahAvAdiyoM ko jItane vAlA likhA hai| inakA samaya saM0675 honA caahiye| nemidevAcArya nemidevAcArya-yaha deva saMgha ke vidvAna yazAdeva ke ziSya the| bar3e bhAge vidvAna ora vAda vijetA the| inhIM ke ziSya somadeva the / somadeva ne apane guru nemidevAcArya ko nInivAvAvayAmRta prazasti me pacapana ( 55 ) vAdiyoM kA vijetA batalAyA hai| jaisA ki usake nimna prazasti vAkya ne prakaTa : 'sakalatAkika cakacUDAmaNi cambita-caraNasya paMca paMcAmahAvAdi vijayopAjita kIti mandAkinI pavitrita tribhuvanasya, parama tapazcaraNaratnodanvataH zrI mannemideva bhgvr:'| - nItivAkyAmRta prazasti ve tArkika cakracUr3AmaNi, aura sapATAda rUpa ratnAkara ke pAradargI TthA paravAdiyoM ke dardA rUpI drumAvalI ko chedane ke liye 'kuThAgnemi'-kudAlI ko-dhAra the| somadevAcArya ne jaba yazastilaka campU banAyA, usa samaya taka u samideva naganaye vAdiyoM ko jIta liyA thaa| jaisAki yazastilaka campa ke nimna padya meM prakaTa hai : zrImAna sni devarApatilako devo yazaHpUrvakaH / ziSyastasya babhava sadguNanidhiH zrInemidevAhayaH / / tasyAzcarya tapaH sthitestrinavate jaitrghaavaadinaaN| ziSyo bhUdiha somadeva yatipastasyeva kAvya kramaH (-yazastilaka campU prazasti) inake bahuta zipya the| jinameM se eka zataka ziSyoM ke aparaja ( anuja ) grAra zataka ke pUrvaja somadeva the, aisA parabhaNI ke tAmra patra se jJAta hotA hai| isase nemideva kI vidvattA aura mahattA kA sahaja hI bhAna ho jAtA hai aura yaha spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki nemideva usa samaya ke tAkika vidvAnoM meM srvthsstth| ora nItivAkyAmata aura yazastilaka canpU kI prazastiyoM se yaha nizcita hotA hai ki ve donoM racanAyo ke samaya maujdye| naki yagastilaka kI racanA gaka sa0881 (vi0 saM0 1016 ) meM huI hai| ata. nemideva usa samaya jIvita the| una bAda ve pAra kitane sagaya naka jIvita rahe, yaha kucha jJAta nahIM hotA / ataeva inakA samaya vikrama kI 10 nI tAbdI kA upAntya bhAga hai| mahendra deva mahendradeva-deva saMgha ke AcArya nemideva ke ziSya the yAra sAmadevAcArya, anuja pAra bar3a guru - parabhaNI tAmrapatra -vahI 1. zrI gaur3hasaghaM munimAnyakItinAgnA yazodeva iti prjjnye| babhUba yasyogratapaH prabhAvAtrAmAgama. zAsanadevatAbhiH / / 15 2. zipyobhavattasyamahaDibhAjaH syAdvAdaralAkarapAradRzyA / zrInemidevaH paravAdidappaMdra mAvalIccheda kuThAranemiH // 16 tasmAttapaHpazriyo bhattullokAnA hRdayaMgamAH / babhUvurvahavaHziSyA ratnAnIva nadAkarAt // 17 // teSA zatamyAvarajaH zatasya tapAbhavatyUrvaja eva dhImAn / zrI somadevastapasaH zrutasya sthAna yazodhAma guNojitazrIH / / 18 -vahI

Page #254
220 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 bhAI the| somadevAcArya ne nItivAkyAmata kI prazasti meM mahendradeva bhaTrAraka kA apane ko anUja likhA hai aura unheM 'vAdIndrakalAnala batalAyA hai| ve una mahendra deva se ginna nahI hai, jinakA ullekha rAmasena (tattvAnuzAsana ke kartA ) ne apane zAstra guruyoM meM kiyA hai / parabhaNI ke tAmrazAsana se jJAta hotA hai ki prastuta mahendradeva nemideva ke bahuta me zipyoM meM se eka the| jinameM eka zataka ziSyoM ke avaraja (anuja) aura eka zataka ziSyo ke pUrvaja somadeva the| cUMki yaha tAmrazAsana yastilaka campU kI racanA me sAta varSa bAda zaka saM0 888 ke vyatIta hone para vaizAkha kI pUrNimA ko likhA gayA hai ataH ina mahendradeva kA samaya zaka saM0870 se 888 taka sunizcita hai arthAt mahendradeva san 648 se 166 I. ke arthAt ImA kI 10vI zatAbdI ke madhyavartI vidvAna haiN| kannauja ke rAjA mahendrapAla prathama yA dvitIya ne somadeva ke guru nemideva se dIkSA grahaNa kI thI; athavA somadeva mahendrapAla rAjA kA koTumvika dRSTi se choTA bhAI thA, yaha korI kalpanA jAna par3atI hai| kyoMki mahendra pAla kA 'vAdIndra kAlAnala' vizepaNa bhI unake rAjatva kA dyotaka nahI hai| pratyuta nItivAkyAmata ke TIkAkAra ne unheM ziva bhakta ke rUpa meM ullekhita kiyA hai| tattvAnuzAsana ke kartA rAmasena ne apane vidyAzAstrI gurutroM meM jina mahendra deva kA nAmollekha hai, ve somadeva ke bar3e guru bhAI hI jAna par3ate hai| somadeva devasaMgha ke prAcArya yazodeva ke pragipya aura nemidevAcArya ke ziSya the| jo terAnave vAdiyoM ke vijetA the / devasaMgha loka meM prasiddha hai| isakI sthApanA grAcArya arhavalI ne kI thii| isa saMgha meM aneka vidvAna ho gae haiN| yaha akalaMka aura devanandi (pUjyapAda) isI saMgha ke mAnya vidvAna the| yazodeva, nemideva aura mahendradeva Adi devAnta nAma isI deva saMgha ke dyotaka haiN| nItivAkyAmRta prazasti se jJAta hotA hai ki somadeva mahendradeva ke laghu bhrAtA the| aura syAhAdAcalasiMha, tArkika cakravartI, vAdIbhapaMJcAnana, bAkkallolapayonighi, tathA kavikularAja, unakI upAdhiyAM thiiN| parabhaNI tAmrapatra meM somadeva ko 'gaur3asaMgha' kA vidvAna likhA hai| aojhA jI ke anusAra prAcIna kAla meM gaur3anAma ke do deza the / pazcimI baMgAla aura uttarI kozala-avadhakA eka bhAga, kannauja sAmrAjya, kA adhikAra bhI gaur3apara rahA hai| somadeva kA maskRta bhASA para vizepa adhikAra thaa| nyAya, vyAkaraNa, kAvya, chanda, dharma, AcAra aura rAjanIti ke ve prakANDa paMDita the| mahAkavi dharma zAstrajJa aura prasiddha dArzanika the| somadeva kI gyAti unake gadya-padyAtmaka kAvya yazastilaka aura rAjanIti kI pustaka nItavAkyAmRta se hai| yadi inameM se nIti vAkyAmRta ko chor3a bhI diyA jAya to bhI akelA yazastilaka grantha hI unake vaiduSya ke paricaya ke liye paryApta hai| usameM unake vaiduSya ke apUrva rUpa dikhAI dete hai| saskRta kI gadya-padya racanA para unakA pUrNa prabhatva hai| jaina siddhAntoM ke adhikArI vidvAna hote hae bhI ve itara darzanoM ke dakSa samAlAcaka haiN| rAjanIti ke to ve gaMbhIra vidvAna haiM hI, isa taraha unakI donoM prasiddha racanAeM paraspara meM eka dUsare kI pUraka haiN| nItivAkyAmRta kI prazasti kA nimna padya isa prakAra hai: "sakala samayatakaM nAkalako 'si vAdi, na bhavasi samayoktau haMsa siddhAntadevaH / na vacana vilAse pUjyapAdo 'si tattvaM / vadasi kathamidAnI somadevena sArdham // ' 1. nammAttapaH zriyo bhartA (tu ) lokaanaaN hRdyNgmaaH| babhavabahavaHziyA ratnAnIva tadAkarAt // 17 nepAM zatamyAvarajaH zatamya tayA bhavatpUrvaja eva dhImAn / zrI somadevatapasaH zrutasya sthAna yazodhAma gunnojjitshriiH||18 2. zrI mAnasni ma devasagha niko devoyazaH pUrvakaH / ziSyastasya babhUva sadguNanidhiH zrInemidevAhayaH / tamyAzcaryatapaH sthitastrinavaterjetumahAvAdinAM, ziSyo'bhUdiha somadeva iti yastamyaSa kAvyakramaH //

Page #255
navamI dasavI zatAbdI ke AcArya 221 yaha padya eka vAdI ke prati kahA gayA hai ki tuma samasta darzano ke tarka meM akalaMka deva nahI ho, aura na prAgamika uktiyo me hasa siddhAnta deva ho, na vacana vilAsa me pUjyapAda ho, taba tuma kaho isa samaya somadeva ke sAtha kaise yAda kara sakate ho? usI prazasti ke antima padya meM kahA gayA hai ki somadeva kI vANI vAdirUpI madonmatta gajo ke liye sihanAda ke tulya hai / vAda kAla meM vRhaspati bhI unake sanmukha nahI Thahara sakatA' / somadeva ne apane vyavahAra ke sambandha me likhA hai ki mai choTo ke sAtha anugraha, varAbarI vAlo ke sAtha sajanatA aura baDo ke sAtha mahAna Adara kA vartAva karatA hai| isa viSaya me merA caritra bar3A hI udAra hai| parantu jo mujhe aiTha dikhAtA hai, usake liye, garvarUpI parvata ko vidhvasa karane vAla mere vajra vacana kAlasvarUpa ho jAte hai| "alpe'nugraha dhIH same sujanatA mAnye mahAnAdaraH, siddhAnto 'ya mudAtta citta carite zrI somadeve mayi / yaH spardheta tathApi darpadur3hatA prauDhipragADhAgraha stasyA vitagarvaparvatapavirmadvAkkRtAntAyate // " AcArya somadeva ne yazastilaka kI utthAnikA meM kahA hai ki jaise gAya ghAma khAkara dUdha detI hai vaise hI, janma se zuSka tarka kA abhyAga karane vAlo merI buddhi me kAvya dhArA nimRta huI hai| usame spaSTa hai ki sAmadeva ne apanA vidyAbhyAsa tarka se prArambha kiyA thA aura tarka hI unakA vAstavika vyavasAya thaa| unakI tArkika cakravartI aura vAdIbha pacAnana Adi upAdhiyA~ bhI makA samarthana karatI hai| yazastilaka campU me jJAta hotA hai ki mAmadeva kA adhyayana vizAla thaa| aura usa samaya meM upalabdha nyAya, noti, kAvya, darzana, vyAkaraNa Adi sAhitya meM ve paricita the| yadyapi somadevAcArya ne aneka grantho kI racanA kI hai, yazastilaka carapU, naunivAkyAmRta, adhyAtmataragiNI (dhyAna vidhi ) yukti cintAmaNi, trivarga mahendramAtali sajalpa, paNNavati prakaraNa, syAdvAdopanipata Ara subhApita grnth| ina racanAyo me se isa samaya prArambha ke tIna grantha hI upalabdha hai| zepa granthA kA kevala nAmollekha hI milatA hai / nItivAkyAmRta ko prazasti se jJAta hotA hai ki somadenAcArya ne 'paNNavati' prakaraNa, yukti cintAmaNi sUtra, mahendramAtalisajalpa aura yazodharacarita kI racanA ke bAda hI notivAkyAmRta kI racanA ko ga yazastilaka campU-yazastilaka campU ke pAca AzvAso me gadya-padya meM rAjA yagodhara kI kathA kA citraNa kiyA gayA hai| rAjA yazodhara kI kathA bar3I hI karuNA janaka hai|rimaa ke pariNAga kA baDA hI sundara akana kiyA gayA hai| ATe ke murgA murgI banAkara mArane se aneka janmo me jo ghora kapTa bhogane paDe, jinako mUnane me rogaTe khaDe ho jAte hai| prAcArya somadeva ne yazodhara ora candramati ke caritra kA yathArtha nitraga kiyaa| prora avaziSTa tIna prAzvAso me upAsakAdhyayana kA kathana kiyA gayA hai-zrAvaka dharma kA pratipAdana hai| inameM 46 kalpa hai jinake nAma bhinna bhinna hai| prathama kalpa kA nAma 'samastasamayasiddhAntAvabodhana hai| jisameM sabhI darzano kI samIkSA kI gaI hai| dUsare kalpa kA nAma 'AptasvarUpa mImArAna' hai, jisame prApta kI mAmAsA karate hae unake devatva kA nirasana kiyA hai| tIsare kA nAma 'pAgamapadArtha parIkSaNa' hai-jisame pahale deva kI parIkSA karane ke bAda unake vacano ko parIkSA karane kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| cauthe kalpa kA nAma 'mUDhatonmathana' hai jisame mUDhatAmro kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| isItaraha anya kalpo kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki somadeva kA upAsakAdhyayana kaI dRSTiyo se mahatvapUrNa hai / aura prasagavaza jainadharma ke siddhAnto kA vistAra ke sAtha pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / 1 dandhi bodhavidha sindhumihanAde, vAdi dvipoddalanadurdharavAgvivAde / zrI moma devamunipe vacanA rasAle, vAgIzvaro'pi purato'rita na vAdakAle / / 2. parabhaNI tAmrapatra me unhe subhASito kA kartA bhI likhA hai|

Page #256
222 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa--bhAga 2 yastilaka meM ApakI naisagika evaM nikharI huI kAvya pratibhA kA pada-pada para anubhava hotA hai / ye mahA kavi the Ara kAvya kalA para pUrA adhikAra rakhate the / yazastilaka meM jahA unakI kAvya-kalA kA nidarzana hotA hai vahA tIsare adhyAya yA pAzvAsa meM rAjanIti kA, aura graMtha ke anta meM dharmAcArya eva dAnika hone kA paricaya milatA hai| isa grantha para brahma zrutasAgara kI saMskRta TIkA hai| para vaha pUrvArdha para hI hai, uttarArdha para nahI hai / prAcArya somadeva ne zaka savata 881 (650I0) meM middhArtha savatsara meM catra mAsa kI madanatrayodazI ke dina, jaba kRSNarAja deva (tRtIya) pANDeya, mihala, cola grora cera Adi rAjAo ko jIta kara melpATI meM zAsana kara rahe the| vahA mAnya peTa meM yagamtilaka nahI racA gayA: kinta kANarAja ke sAmanta cAkya vA rikesarI ke jyeSTha putra vAgarAja kI rAjadhAnI gagadhAga me racanA kI thii| aura usI siddhArtha rAvatmara meM pApadanta ne mahArANa kI racanA kA prArambha kiyA thaa| puSpadanta ne mahApurANa kI utthAnikA meM likhA hai ki-siddhArtha savatsara me, java colagaja kA sira, jima para dezo kA jadA Upara kI groravadhA hamAmA, kATa kara nAjAdhirAja tuDiga (kRSNarAja tatIya) maMpADi (melapArTI) nagara meM vartamAna meM prasiddha nAmavAna pugaNa kA kahatA hai| nItivAkyAmata-rAjanIti kA mahatvapUrNa grantha hai| yaha gamkRta sAhitya kA anupama ratna hai|m kA pradhAna viSaya rAjanIti hai| rAjA ra rAjya zAsana ge sambandha rakhane vAlI sabhI Avazyaka vAtA kA sam: vivecana kiyA gayA hai / grantha gadya sUtrI meM nibaddha hai / grantha kI pratipAdana galI prabhAvazAlinI pAra gaMbhIra hai| AcArya rAmadeva ne DA0 rAghavana ke anusAra isa grantha kI racanA kannAja ke pratihAra rAjA mahendrapAla dvitIya kI praraNA se kI thii| inakA eka zilAlekha vi. sa. 1003 kA prApta huA hai aura dUsarA vi0 sa01005 kA unake uttarAdhikArI devapAlakA / yazastilaka ke 'kAnyaku-ja mahodaya' zrAra mahendrAmara mAnya dhI' vAkya bhI isakI puSTi karo / nItivAkyAmRta meM usakI racanA kA sthAna pAra samaya nahI diyaa| isa grantha para kanar3I bhApA ke kavi naminAtha kA TIkA hai, jo kisI rAjA ke sandhi vigrahika matrI the| unhoMne meghanandra vidyadeva aura vognandi kA ramaraNa kiyA hai| neminAtha ne yaha TIkA vIranandi kI AjJA se likhI hai| meghacandra kA svargavAsa zaka sa0 107 (vi0 sa0 1172) meM huA thaa| aura vIranandi ne prAcArasAra kI kanaDI TIkA zakamapata 107 (vi0ma0 1211) malikhI thii| ata: neminAtha 12vI zatAbdI ke anta aura terahvI ke prArambha meM hae hai| tIsaga granya 'dhyAna vidhi' yA madhyAtmanagiNI, jisake loka gAnA cAlIma hai| hamameM dhyAna aura usake bheda Adi kA varNana diyA hai| Tama para adhyAtmatagaNI nAma ko eka sAta TIkA: / jimake kartA muni gaNadhara koni hai / jise unhoMne yaha TIkA vi0ma0118ra meM cetra nuvanA namI ravivAra ke dina gajagata ke cAlukya vazIya gajA jayasiha yA siddharAja jayasiha ke rAjya kAla meM banAkara samApta kI hai| jamA ki usakI pragasti ke nimna padyoM meM prakaTa hai: 1. gAnAkAnAtItasavamare vATanagIdhita pa gatepa yAna (881) gidArtha gavatsaganagana cana mAga madana godalyA pANDya-mihana-cora cegmabhanInmagegI-mAdhyama pApI pravadhamAna gayAbhAve zrIkRSNaganadeve mAna pAdapadgo jIvinaH samadhigata paJcamahAzabdagahAsamAnAdhipatezcAtasya kula janmana. mAgantayAmaraNe zrImadagvisariNa prathama putrasya zrIgavadAga rAjamya lakSmI-pravardhamAnavamadhAgA gagagadhAgayA vinirmApimida yAni / - yazastilana prazarita 2. ja kahami pugagu pasiddhaNAmu, siddhattha varimi bhubaggAhigam / ubbaddha jUDa bhUbhagabhIma, toTepiga conhI taNa umIm / bhavaNenakarAyu gayAhirAu, jahi acchA tuTigu mahAgAbhAu / ta dIraNa divya dharaNa gAya payara, mahi paribhamanu mepATi gAyara / / -mahApurANa utthAnikA

Page #257
navamI dasavI zatAbdI ke AcArya ekAdaza zatAkoNe navAzItyuttare pre| saMvatsare zubhe yoge puSyanakSatrasaMjJake // caitramAse site pakSe'tha paMcamyAM ravo dine / siddhA siddhapradATakA gaNabhRtkItivipazcitaH // nistrazajitArAtI vijayazrI virAjAna / jaryAsaha deva saurAjye sajjanAnandadAyinA / / jaryAsaha reva kA rAjya sa0 1150ma 1166 taka vahA rahA hai / ata: gaNadhara kIti ke ukta samaya meM koI vAdhA nahIM paatii| haidarAvAda ke parabhanI nAmaka sthAna se eka tAmrapatra prApta hanA hai jo yazastilaka kI racanA me sAta varSa pazcAta gomadeva ko diyA gayA thaa| umame cAlukya sAmanto kI tagAvalI dII hai, jo Tama prakAra hai: yuddhagala 1 arakezarI, nargamaha (bhadradeva) mala nATuga 1, yuddha matla arikegarga narasiha 2 (bhadradeva), agrikezarI :, var3iga 2 (vAdyaga) aura arikezarI / gI gaDDiga dvitIya yA vAdyaga ve gajyakAla 156 I. meM somadeva ne apanA kAvya racA thaa| imI tAmrapatra meM vAdyaga ke putra arikesarI caturtha zaka saM0 888 (666 I0) meM gabhadhAma nAmaka jinAlaya jIrNoddhArtha momadeva ko eka gAva dene kA ullekha hai| yaha jinAlaya lebala pATaka nama kI gajadhAnA meM vAdyaga ne banavAyA thaa| isase spaSTa hai ki usa samaya (966 I0) meM somadeva gabhadhAma jinAlaya ke vyavasthApaka the / aura apanI sAhityika pravatti meM malagna the, kyoMki ima tAmrapatra meM somadeva kI yazodhara carita ke mAtha-sAtha 'syAdvAdopaniSata' nAmaka grantha kA bhI racayitA ligvA hai| zodhADa naM0 22 meM DA0 jyotiprasAda jI ne somadeva sambandhI eka zilAlekha kA paricaya diyA hai| prastagata nijAmarAjya ke karIma nagara jile meM sthita 'lamUlavADa' nAmaka sthAna meM eka pApANakhaNDa prApta hayA hai| jisameM saMskRta ke do padya hai| jinameM likhA hai ki lambula pATaka ke cAlukya vazI nareza vaddigane gaur3a sagha ke prAcArya deza se (athavA unake hitArtha) ukta nagara meM eka jinAlaya kA nirmANa karAyA thaa| abhilekha meM sUcita kiyA hai ki yaha gajA vaDhiga sapAdalakSa (savAlAgya) deza ke zAmaka yuddhamalla kI pAcavI pIr3hI meM harA thaa| yaha vahI zubha dhAma jinAlaya hai jisake saMrakSaNa ke lie cAlukya nareza arikesarI ne zaka sa 888 (sana I) meM apane garu somadeva kI eka tAmra zAsana apita kiyA thaa| yaha lekha mahatvapUrNa hai isame zubhadhAma jinAlaya ke sthala kA patA cala jAtA hai / saMbhava hai vahAM khudAI karane para pIra bhI adapa prApta ho jAya / mUla zilAlekha ke ve padya bhI prakAzita honA caahie| kAla yogIza malasagha, dezIyagaNa aura pustaka gaccha ke vidvAna the| yaha gollAcArya ke vidvAn zipya the| inhoMne kisI brahma gakSasa ko apanA ziSya banA liyA thaa| unake smaraNa mAtra meM bhRtaprata bhAga jAte the| inhoMne karaja ke tela ko ghata rUpa meM parivartita kara diyA thaa| yaha bar3e prabhAvazAlI the| inakA samaya-10vIM kA anta aura 11vIM zatAbdI kA prArambha honA caahie| - - - - 1."(le) bala paTakanAmadheya nijagajadhAnyAM nijapituH zrI madvangagya zabhadhAma jinAlayAgya basa (te ) khaNDasphaTita navamadhAkarma bali nivedyArthaM zakAbdeSvapTAzItyadhikeSvapTazatepugateSa""" te zrImadarikesariNA""zrIsomadevasaraye""""banikaTa pulanAmA graamH'''''dttH|" -yagastilaka. daNDi0 ka0 50 5 2. "viracitA yazodharacaritasya kartA syAdvAdopa niSadaH kavi (vayi) taa|"

Page #258
224 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 kavi asaga jIvana-paricaya-kavi asaga dazavI zatAbdI ke vidvAna the / unake pitA kA nAma 'paTumati' thA, jo dharmAtmA aura muni caraNoM kA bhakta yA, pAra zuddha samyaktva se yukta zrAvaka thaa| ora mAtA kA nAma 'vairitti' thA, jo zuddha samyaktva me vibhUpita thI / asaga inhI kA putra thaa| inake guru kA nAma nAganando thA, jo zabda samayArNava ke pAragAmI arthAta vyAkaraNa kAvya aura jena zAstro ke jJAtA the / asaga ke mitra kA nAma jinApya thA / yaha bhI jaina dharma meM anurakta gvIra, paraloka bhIka eva dvijAtinAtha (brAhmaNa) hone para bhI pakSapAta rahita thA ? kavi amaga ne bhAvakoti muni ke pAdamUla meM maudgalya parvata para rahakara aura zrAvaka ke vratoM kA vidhika anuSThAna kara mamatA rahita hokara vidyAdhyayana karane kA ullekha kiyA hai| aura bAda ko cola deza meM janatopakArI gajA zrInAtha ke gajya ko pAkara aura vahA kI varalA nagarI meM rahakara jinopadiSTa ATha grantho kI racanA karane kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| parantu una ATha grantho ke nAmoM kI koI sUcanA nahI kI gii| kavi ne vardhamAna marina, kI racanA vi0 sa0610 (I0 sana:53 meM kI hai| paunna kavi ne apane zAntinAtha purANa meM 950 I0 meM apane ko prasaga ke namAna 'kannaDa kaviteyola asagama, batalAyA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki asaga kavi ke vardhamAna carita kI racanA sana 650I0 se pUrva meM ho cukI thI, aura vaha pracAra meM A gayA thA / ataeva vIracarita kI racanA zaka sa0610 nahIM ho sktii| vaha vikrama sa0 610 kI racanA nizcata hai| kavi kI do kRtiyA~ upalabdha hai vardhamAna cArata aura zAntinAtha carita / kavi ne vardhamAna caritra prAryanandI kI preraNA me banAyA thaa| antima tIrthakara bhagavAna vardhamAna (mahAvIra) kA carita akita kiyA gayA hai| caritra citraNa meM kavi meM kuzala hai aura use kavi ne saskRta ke prasiddha vividha chandoM- upajAti, vasantatilakA, zikhariNI. vaMzastha, zAlinI, anupTapa mandAkrAntA, zAdalavikrIDita, svAgatA, praharSiNI, hariNi, aura sragdharA Adi vattoM kayA hai| grantha 18 sargoM meM pUrNa hamA hai| kavi ne carita ko jana priya banAne ke liye zAntAdi rasoM aura upamA, utprekSAdi alaMkAroM ko puTa dekara ramaNIya, sarasa aura camatkAra pUrNa banA diyA hai| grantha meM mahA kAvyatva ke sabhI ago kI yojanA kI gaI hai / mahavIra kA jIvana paricaya unake pUrva bhavoM se saMyojita hai| usase unake jIvana vikAsa kA krama bhI sambaddha hai| yadyapi vardhamAna kA jIvana-paricaya guNabhadrAcArya ke uttara purANa ke 74veM parva se liyA gayA hai, parantu use kAvyocita banAne ke liye unameM kucha kATa-chAMTa bhI kI gaI hai| kintu pUrva kathAnaka ko jyoM kA tyo rahane diyA hai, kavi ne puravA aura marIci ke AkhyAna ko chor3a diyA hai| aura zvenAtapatta nagarI ke rAjA nandivardhana ke putra janmotsava se kathAnaka guru kiyA hai| grantha meM ghaTanAoM kA pUrvA para krama nirdhAraNa, unakA pararapara sambandha, aura upAkhyAnoM kA yathA sthAna saMyojana maulika rUpa meM ghaTita huA hai| kavi ko usameM saphalatA bhI milI hai| kRti para pUrvavartI kaviyo ke caritro kA usa para prabhAva honA sahaja hai| isa mahAkAvya kI zailI kavi 1. mavatsare dazanavottara varSayukne (610) bhAvAdikInimuninAyakapAdamUle / / maudgalya parvata nivAsa bratamthamapatsacchAvaka prajanite satinirmamatve // 105 vidyA gayA prapaThitetyasagAhvakena shriinaathraajymkhil-gntopkaari| prApe ca cauDavipaye baglAnagaryA granthATaka ca mamakAri jinopadiSTa // 106 --jaina grantha prazasti sagraha bhA0 1, pra0 107-8 2. "municaragArajobhiH sarvadA bhUtadhAtryAprati samayalagnaH pAvanIbhUtamUrdhA / upagama iva mUrtaH zuddha samamyaktvayuktaH paTumatiriti nAmnA vizrutaH zrAvako'bhUt // " "vaireti rityanupamA bhavi tasya bhAryA samyaktva zuddhiriva mUrtimatI parAbhUt / "244 putramtayogsaga ityavadAttakIyogasInmanISinivahapramukhasya ziSyaH / cadrAza zabhrayazamo bhuvi nAga nadyAcAryagya zabda samayArNava pAragasya // 245 tamya'bhava bhavya janamya mevyaH sakhA jinApyo jinadharmasaktaH / khyAto'pi gauryAtparalokabhIru dvijAtinAtho'pi vipakSapAtaH // 246 / /

Page #259
navamI dasavI zatAbdI ke AcArya bhAravi ke kirAtArjunIya meM prAyaH milatI- jalatI hai / racanA sundara tathA paThanIya hai| grantha kA Adhunika sampAdita sarakaraNa prakAzita honA jarUrI hai| dUsarI racanA zAntinAtha carita hai jisameM solahaveM tIrthakara zAntinAtha kA jIvana paricaya aMkita kiyA gayA hai / yaha grantha solaha margo meM vibhakta hai| yaha grantha vardhamAna carita ke bAda banAyA gayA hai| isa grantha para eka saMskRta TippaNI bhI upalabdha hai / parantu mUla aura TippaNa donoM hI abhI taka aprakAzita hai / zeSa granthoM kA anveSaNa honA cAhie / vimalacandra munIndra vimalacandra munIndra- da- mahApaNDala, guruoM ke guru aura vAdiyoM kA mada bhajana karane vAle the| cUNi me unake dvArA rAjA zatru bhayakara ke sabhA dvAra para lagAye gaye vAdapatra calaja ke noka nimna prakAra hai.patraM zatru bharyaGkaroru- bhavana-dvAre sadAsaJcaran - nAnA rAja- karIndra-vRnda-turaga vrAtAkule sthApitama / zaivApAzupatAstathAgatasutAnkA pAlikA pilA-nuddizyoddhata-cetasA vimalacandrAzAmbareNAdarAt // 26 inakA samaya saMbhavata: vikrama kI 10vI kA uttarArdha aura gyArahavI kA pUrvArdha sunizcita hai / mahAmuni vakragrIva yaha bar3e bhArI se yaha kisI vAda meM chahamAsa paryanta kevala 'graMtha' zabda kI vyAkhyA karate rhe| isase unakI vidvattA ke sahaja hI anubhava ho jAtA hai| jaisA ki mallipeNa prazasti ke nimna padya se spaSTa hai : vakragrIva - mahAmune - deza- zata-grIvo'pyahIndro yathA - jAtaM stotumala vacobalamasau ki bhagna vAgmi vrajaM / yo'sau zAsana devatA - vahumatohI vaktra- vAdi-grahagrIvo'sminnatha- zabda - vAcya mavadad mAsAnsamAsena SaT // 10 225 cUMki maliSeNa prati utkIrNa hone kA samaya zaka sa0 1050 san 1928 I0 hai / vakgrIva muni usame pUrva hue hai / ataH inakA samaya sabhavataH IsA ko damatrI- gyArahavI sadI hA sakatA hai / lAcArya lAcArya - yaha draviDa saMgha ke adhipati aura draviDagaNa ke muniyoM meM mukhya the / aura jinamArga kI triyAoM kA vidhipUrvaka pAlana karate the / paca mahAvrata paMca samiti aura tIna guptiyoM se saMrakSita the-- unakA vidhi pUrvaka AcaraNa karate the| yaha malayadeza meM sthita 'hema' grAma ke nivAsI the / eka vAra unakI ziSyA kamI ko, jo samasta zAstrajJa aura zruta devI ke samAna viduSI thii| use karmavaza brahma rAkSama laga gayA / usakI pIr3A 1 vimalacandra - munIndra gurorguru prazamitAkhila vAdimada pada / yadi yathAvadatrayana paNDitena tadAnvayavadipyata vAvibhoH // 25 2. dravigaraNa samayamugo jinapati mArgopacitakriyApUrNaH / vrata samitigunagunAcAryo munirjayati / / 16 3. dakSiNadeze malaye hema grAme muni mahAtmAsIt / helAcAryonAgnA draviDagaragAdhIzvaro dhImAn / / tacchiSyA kamalazrIH zrutadevI vA samasta zAstrajJA / sA brahmarAkSamena gRhitA raudreNa karmavazAt // - ( jvAlAmAlinI kalpa prazasti) - ( jvAlAmAlinI kalpa prazasti || 5 | 6 |

Page #260
226 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa bhAga 2 ko dekhakara helAcArya nIlagiri' ke zikhara para ge| vahAM unhoMne 'jvAlAmAlinI' devI kI vidhi kI vidhi pUrvaka sAdhanA kii| sAta dina meM devI ne upasthita hokara pUchA ki kyA cAhate ho? taba muni ne kahA, maiM kucha nahIM caahtaa| sirpha kamalathI ko graha mukta kara diijiye| taba devI ne eka lohe ke patra para eka maMtra likhakara diyA aura usakI vidhi batalA dii| isase unakI zipyA graha mukta ho gii| phira devI ke Adeza se unhoMne 'jvAlinImata' nAmaka grantha kI racanA kii| ponnara kI kanakagiri pahAr3I para bane AdinAtha ke vizAla jinAlaya meM jaina tIrthara aura anya devatAoM kI mUrtiyA~ haiN| unameM eka mUrti jvAlAmAlinI devI kI hai| usake pATha hAtha haiM dAhinI pAra ke hAthoM meM maMDala abhaya, gadA aura trizUla hai / tathA bAI ora ke hAthoM meM zaMkha, DhAla, kRpANa aura pustaka hai| mUrti kI prAkRti hindanoM kI mahAkAlI se milatI julatI hai| ponnara me lagabhaga tIna mIla dUra 'nIlagiri' nAmaka pahAr3I hai, usa para helAcArya kI mUrti aMkita hai| helAcArya se vaha jAna unake ziSya prazipya gaMga muni, nIlagrIva, bIjAva, zAntirasavvA prAyikA, aura viruva kSullaka ko prApta hunaa| vaha kramAgata guru paripATI me kandarpa ne jAnA aura usane guNanandi muni ke lie vyAkhyAna kiyaa| ina donoM ne usa zAstra kA grantha aura arthataH indranandi ke prati khaa| taba indranandi ne usa kaThina grantha ko apane mana meM avadhAraNa karake lalita AryA aura gItAdi chandoM meM grantha parivartana (bhASA parivartanAdi) ke sAtha rcaa| saMbhavata: helAcArya kA yaha grantha prAkRta bhASA meM racA gayA thA, isI se indranandI ne use bhASA parivartanAdi se saMskRta bhASA meM bnaayaa| jisakI zloka saMkhyA kA pramANa sAr3he cAra sau zloka batalAyA gayA hai| kavi ne isa grantha kI racanA rASTra kUTa nareza kRSNa tRtIya kI saMrakSatA meM zaka saM0861 (I0san 636) meM kii| isame helAcArya kA samaya yadi unake zipya ziSyAdi ke samaya krama meM se kama se kama eka zatAbdI aura paccIsa varSa pUrva mAnA jAya, jo adhika nahIM hai to helAcArya ke grantha kA racanA kAla zaka saM0 736 (I0 san 814) ho sakatA hai| kavi hariSeNa mevADa deza meM vividha kalAoM meM pAraMgata hari nAma ke eka mahAnubhAva the, jo ujapura ke dhakkaDavaMzaja the| inake eka dharmAtmA pUtra thA, jisakA nAma govaDDhaNa (govardhana) thA usakI patnI kA nAma guNavatI thA, jo jainadharma meM pragADha zraddhA rakhatI thii| ina donoM ke hariSeNa nAma kA eka putra huA, jo vidvAna kavi ke rUpa meM prasiddhi ko pAta haayaa| usane kisI kAryavaza citrakUTa (citaur3a) chor3a diyA, aura vaha acalapura calA gyaa| usane vahAM chanda aura alaMkAra zAstra kA adhyayana kiyaa| isake guru budha siddhasena the| jaisA ki 11vIM saMdhi ke 25 veM kaDavaka ke ghane 'siddhaseNa paya dahi' vAkya se sUcita hotA hai| hariSeNa ne inakI sahAyatA se dharmaparIkSA nAmakI racanA kii| jo jayarAma kI prAkRta gAthAbaddha pUrvavanI dharmaparIkSA kA paddhaDiyA chanda meM anuvAda mAtra hai| kavi ne ise vi0 saM0 1044 (san 187) meM banAkara samApta kI thii| prastata grantha meM 11 sandhiyA aura 238 kaDavaka haiN| sandhi kI pratyeka puSpikA meM dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSarUpa cAra puruSArtho kA nirUpaNa karane ke liye hariSeNa ne isa grantha kI racanA kI hai| jaisA ki nimna saMdhivAkya se prakaTa hai iya dhammaparikkhAe cauvaggahiTiyAe buha hariseNakayAe eyArasamo saMdhi smmtto| kartA ne grantha racanA kA kAraNa nirdiSTa karate hue batalAyA hai ki eka bAra mere dhyAna meM pAyA ki yadi koI prAkarSaka padya racanA nahIM kI jAtI hai to isa mAnavIya buddhi kA honA bekAra hai| aura yaha bhI saMbhava hai ki 1. See Jainism in South India p. 47 2. vikama Niya pagvittiya kAlae, gaNaevarisa shscutaale| iya uppaNNa bhaviyajaraNa sahayaru DaMbharahiya dhammAsayasAyaru // -jaina grantha prazasti saM0 bhA0 2, 23 Ti.

Page #261
navama zavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya 227 isa dizA meM eka madhyama buddhi kA AdamI usI taraha upahAsAspada hogA, jisa taraha saMgrAma bhUmi se bhAge hue kAyara puruSa kA hotA hai / kavi ne apanI chanda aura alaMkAra-sambandho kamajArA ko jAnate hue bhI jainadharma ke anurAga aura aura siddhasena ke prasAda se racanA kara hI DAlI / afa ne apane se pUrvavartI tIna kaviyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| unhoMne likhA hai ki caturmukha kA mukha sarasvatI kA pravAsa mandira thA / aura svayaMbhU-loka praloka ke jAnane vAle mahAn devatA the / tathA puSpadanta alokika puruSa the / jinakA sAtha sarasvatI kabhI nahIM chor3atI thI / kavi apanI laghutA vyakta karate hue kahatA hai ki meM inakI tulanA meM atyanta manda buddhi hUM / puSpadanta ne bhI caturmukha aura svayaMbhU kA ullekha kiyA hai| puppadanta ne apanA mahApurANa 965 I0 meM pUrNa kiyA hai / jayakIrti kavi kannaDa prAnta ke nivAsI the| inakI ekamAtra kRti chandonugAsana hai, jisameM vaidika chandoM ko chor3akara ATha adhyAyoM meM vividha chandoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| grantha ke antima do adhyAyoM meM kannar3a chandoM kA vivecana diyA huA hai / grantha kI racanA padyAtmaka hai jisameM anuSTubha, AryA zrIra skandha chandoM kA lakSaNa pUrI taraha yA AMzika rUpa meM usI chanda meM diyA hai / yaha grantha chandoM ke vikAsa kI dRSTi se kedArabhaTTa ke vRttaratnAkara aura hemacandra ke chando'nuzAsana ke madhya kI racanA kahA jA sakatA hai / grantha ke anta meM mANDavya, piGgala, janAzraya, setava, pUjyapAda aura jayadeva ko pUrvAcAryoM ke rUpa meM smaraNa kiyA hai / kintu chandonuzAsana ke ardhasama vRttAdhikAra meM pAlyaka aura svayaMbhU deva ke mata se sunandinI aura nandinI chanda ke lakSaNa bhI prastuta kiye haiM / "jatau jarau zaMkhanidhistu tau jarau, zrI pAlyakIrtoza mate sunandinI // 21 tau trau tathA padma padmanidhirjato jarau, svayambhudevezamate tu nandinI / / " 22 isase inakA samaya IsAkI 10vIM zatAbdI se pUrva honA caahie| kyoMki vi0 kI dazavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya asagane inakA ullekha kiyA hai / kavi asagane apanA 'vardhamAna carita' ma0 610 meM banAkara samApta kiyA hai| chandonuzAsana kI yaha prati saM0 1992 kI likhI huI hai / ora jaisalamera ke bhaNDAra meM mojUda hai / jayakIrti kA yaha chandonuzAsana DA0 eca0 DI0 vailaMkara dvArA sampAdita hokara jayadAmana grantha ke sAtha prakAzita ho cukA hai / dekho mi0 govinda paikA Jaikirti in the Kannada quarterly Prabudha Karnatak Vol 28 No. 3 Jan. 1942 Mysore College Mysore Bombay University Journal 1847. bappana dI praziSya the / saMbhava hai jvAlAmAlinI kalpa ke kartA ne apanA ukta grantha zaka ma0 861 san 639 (vi0 saM0 6) meM samApta kiyA hai / indranandI ne prazasti meM bappanandI ko purANa vipaNa meM adhika khyAti prApta karanevAlA likhA hai / aura unheM purANArtha vedI batalAyA hai / ( dekhA, jvAlAmAlinI kalpa prazasti padya 4 ) vAsavanandI ke ziSya the / ora indranandI prathama ke indranandI inhIM bappanando se dIkSita ho| kyoMki indranandI bandhuSeNa prAcArya bandhuSeNa - (yApanIya saMgha ke AcArya) the, jo nimittajJAna meM pAragata the| aura dAmakIrti ke jyeSTha putra jayakIrti ke guru the / (jena lekha saM0 bhA02 pR0 75 elAcArya sUrasta gaNake vidvAna, ravicandra ke praziSya aura ravinandI AcArya ke ziSya the / jo tapa ke anuSThAna meM tatpara rahate the, aura bar3e vidvAna the / tathA kogala deza ke nivAsA the| unheM gaMgavazIya rAjA mArasiMha (dvitIya) naM

Page #262
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 228 apanI mAtA kalnabbe dvArA nirmita jinamandira ke lie 'kAdalUra' nAma kA eka gAva zaka saMvat 884 san 662 me pauSavadI 6 magalavAra ke dina dAna diyA thA, jaba ve melpATi ke skandhAvAra meM the / (dekho, kAlUra kA tAmrazAsana, jena le0 sa0 bhA0 5 pR. 20) guNacandra paMDita guNacandra paMDita kundakundAnvaya dezIyagaNa ke mahendra paNDita ke praziSya ora vIranandi paDita ke ziSya the / inhe rASTrakUTa samrAT akAla varSa kRSNarAjadeva (tRtIya) ke sAmanta gaga vazAya kutathya pemADa rAnA padmavyarasi dvArA nirmita dAnazAlA ke lie namayara mArasighayya na eka tAlAba arpita kiyA thA / yaha lekha zaka sa0 873 san 650 pauSa zuklA 10 mI ravivAra ko diyA gayA thaa| ( jaina lekha sa0 bhA0 4 pR0 53) anantakIti anantakIti apane samaya ke yazasvI tArkika ho gaye hai / lagha sarvajJasiddhi ke anta meM unhoMne likhA hai samastabhuvana vyApi yazasAnantakIrtinA / kRteya sujjvalA siddhirdharmajJasya nirargalA || inake banAye hue laghu sarvajJasiddhi aura vRhatsarvajJasiddhi nAma ke do grantha prakAzita ho cuke hai| unameM koI prazasti Adi nahI hai jisame unakI guru paramparA ora samayAdi kA patA laga sake / nyAya vinizcaya ke TIkAkAra vAdirAjasUri ne apane pArzvanAtha carita meM granantakIrti kA smaraNa nimna padya meM kiyA hai : zrAtmanaivAdvitIyena jIvasiddhi nibadhnatA / anantakIrtinA mukti rAtrimArgeva lakSyate / / isase spaSTa hai ki anantakoti ne 'jIvasiddhi' nAma ke gratha kA praNayana kiyA thaa| anantavIrya ne siddhivinizcaya TIkA ke pR0 234 ke pramANa vicAra prakaraNa meM prAcArya anantakIrti ke 'svataH pramANabhaGga' prakaraNa kA * ullekha nimna prakAra kiyA hai: " zeSa muktavat pranaMtakotikRteH svataH prAmANayabhaGgAdavaseya metat / " anantavIrya ne siddhivinizcaya TIkA pR0 708 ke sarvajJamiddhi prakaraNa meM - 'anupadezAliGgA vyabhicArinaSTamupTayAdyupadezAnyathAnupapatteH' hetu kA prayoga kiyA hai jo anantakIrti kI laghu aura vRhatsarvajJamiddhi ( pR0 101) kA mUla hetu hai / isameM spaSTa hai ki anantakIti anantavIrya se pUrvavartI hai / siddhi vinizcaya ke TIkAkAra zranantavIrya kA samaya DA0 mahendrakumAra jI ne san 656 I0 ke bAda aura I0 1025 se pahale kisI samaya hue banAyA hai| ye vahI jJAta hote haiM jA vAdirAja ke dAdAguru zrIpAla ke sadharmA rUpa me ullikhita hai / prAcArya shaantimuu| - ne jaina tarkavArtivRtti 'pR0 77 me svapnavijJAna yat spaSTa mutpadyate ityanantItyadiya" likhakara svapna jJAna kI mAnasa pratyakSa mAnane vAle anantakIrti AcArya kA mata diyA hai| yaha mata vRhatsarvajJasiddhi ke kartA anantakIrti kA hI hai / unhone likhA hai " tathA svapnajJAne cAnakSaje'pivaizadyamupalabhyate" bRhatsarvajJasiddha pR0 151 / zAntisUri kA samaya I0 663 se 1147 ke madhya mAnA gayA hai'| isase bhI anantakonikA samaya 0663 se pUrvavartI hai / prameya kamalamArtaNDa aura nyAyakumuda ke kartA AcArya prabhAcandra kA samaya san 180 se 1065 60 hai / unhoMne nyAyamukudacandra aura prameyakamalamArtaNDa ke sarvajJasiddhi prakaraNoM meM anantakIrti kI vRhatsarvajJasiddhi kA pUrA-pUrA zabdAnusaraNa kiyA hai / isame bhI antakIrti prabhAcandra se pUrvavartI hai / 1. jaina tarkavArtika prastAvanA pR0 141

Page #263
navamIdazavI zatAbdI ke AcArya 226 siddhivinizcaya ke TIkAkAra anantavIrya ne (pR0 234) meM prAmANyavicAra prakaraNa meM prAcArya anantakIti ke 'svataH pramANa bhaGga' grantha kA ullekha kiyA hai, jo usa samaya anupalabdha hai| ataH ina anantakIrti kA mamaya san 850 se 180 se pUrvavartI he| arthAt ve ImA kI 10vIM zatAbdI ke vadviAna haiN| anantakoti (nAma ke anya vidvAna) jaina zilAlekha sagraha prathama bhAga meM candragiri parvata ke mahAnavamI maDapa ke eka zilAlekha meM mUlamagha dezIgaNa pUstaka gacchIya meghacandra vidya ke prANAya pAra vIranandI vidya ke zipya anantakIti kA syAdvAda rahasyavAda nipUNa ke rUpa meM ullekha milatA hai| yaha gilAlekha zaka rA0 1265 mana 1313I. kA hai| isame unakA paramparA ke rAmacandra ke zipya zubhacandra ke ukta tithi meM kie gae devaloka kA varNana hai| ataeva ina anantakIti kA samaya IsA kI 12vI zatAbdI jAna par3atA hai, kyoki inake dAdAguru (meghacandra) kA svargavAsa I0 san 1115 meM ho gayA thaa| meghacandra ke ziSya prabhAcandra ke divagata hone kI tithi zaka ma. 1068 (man 1146) Azvina zuklA dagamI dI gaI hai| usameM meghacandra ke do gipyo kA prabhAcandra aora vIra nadI kA ullakha hai| astu, prastuta anantakAti IsA kI 12vI sadI ke vidvAna hai| anantakotibhaTTAraka bAndhava nagara kI zAntinAtha bama da I. san 1207 meM banAI gaI thI, jaba kapadamba vaMza ke kiga brahma kA rAjya thaa| yaha vasadi usa samaya krANara gaNa tantriNigaccha ke anantanoti bhaTTAraka ke adhikAra me thI' / ataeva inakA samaya IsA kI 13vI sadI hai| jaina zilAlekha ma0 bhAga 3 10232 hosala vIra ballAla deva ke 23 ve varSa (san 1212) ke lagabhaga ke lega meM jakkale ke samAdhimagNa kA varNana hai| usameM jakkale ke upadeSTA gama ke rUpa meM anantakIti kA ullekha hai| prastuta anantakIrti bAndhava nagara kI zAntinAtha vadi ke adhikArI ananta kIti se abhinna hai, kyoMki donoM kA samaya lagabhaga eka hai| prAntakoti anantakIti kAThAsagha mAthurAnvaya ke pUrNacandra the| aora muni praznamena ke paTTadhara the| inake ziSya evaM paTTadhara bhaTTAraka kSemakIna the / unakA samaya vikrama kI 18vI zatAbdI hai| __ mauni bhaTTAraka yaha pannATa sagha ke pUrNa candra the, pora sampUrNa rAddhAnta rUpa banana kiraNoM se bhavya rUpa kumudo ko vikasita karane vAle the, jamA ki haripeNa kathA kAza ke prazasti padya me prakaTa hai| yo bodhako bhavyakUmahatInAM ni:shessraaddhaantvcomyuukhH| punnATasaghAMvarasannivAsI zrImaunibhaTTAraka puurnncndrH|| haripeNa ne kathA koza kA racanA nAla zaka ma0 853 vatalAgA, kathA koza ke kartA monibhaTAraka se catartha prataH rirpaNa ke zaka ma08/3ma se 60 varSa kama karana para zaka ma0 793haa| usameM 78 joDane para samaya san 871 hue arthAt vikrama ko vo zatAbdo ina kA samaya hAtA hai| unaka ziSya haripeNa the| zrIhariSeNa hariSeNa punnATa sagha ke vidvAna monibhaTTAraka ka ziSya the / jo apane samaya ke bar3e bhArI vidvAna tapasvI the / gaNanidhi aura janatA dvArA abhivandya the / ukta kathA koga ke racanA kAla meM se 40 varSa kama karane 1. miDiyAvala jainijma pR. 201 2. sArAgamAhita matividupA prapUjyo nAnAtapo vidhividhAna ko vineya / tasyA bhavad guNanidhi nitAbhivadya zrI zabda pUrva pada ko haripeNa majJaH / / 5

Page #264
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 230 para zaka saM813 san 891 hotA hai, yaha navamI zatAbdI ke antima caraNa ke vidvAna jAna par3ate haiM / bharatasena bharatasena punnATa saMgha ke vidvAna mInibhaTTAraka ke praziSya aura hariSeNa ke ziSya the / bharatasena ke ziSya kA nAma bhI hariSeNa thA / usane kathA koza kI prazasti meM apane guru bharatasena ko chanda, alaMkAra, kAvya-nATaka zAstroM kA jJAtA, kAvya kA kartA, vyAkaraNajJa, tarka nipuNa, tattvArtha vedI, nAnA zAstroM meM vicakSaNa, budhagaNAM dvArA sevya aura vizuddha, vicAra vAlA batalAyA hai| jaisA ki usake nimna padya se prakaTa haiM: chando laMkRti kAvyanATakacaNaH kAvyasya kartA sato, vettA vyAkaraNasya tarka nipuNastatvArthavedI paraM / nAnA zAstra vicakSaNo budhagaNaiH sevyo vizuddhAzayaH / senAntobharatAdiratraparamaH ziSyaH babhUvakSitau // 6 // - hariSeNa kathA koza prazasti isase mAlUma hotA hai ki inhoMne kisI kAvya grantha kI racanA kI thI, kintu daivayoga se vaha aprApya hai / usake nAmAdi kI sUcanA bhI nahIM miltii| hariSeNa ne apanA kathA koza zaka saM0 853 san 131 meM samApta kiyA hai / usameM se kama se kama bIsa varSa kama karane para san 611 bharatasena kA samaya ho sakatA hai arthAt ve dazavIM zatAbdI ke prArambha ke vidvAna the / hariSeNa ( kathAkoza ke karttA ) hariSeNa nAma ke aneka vidvAna ho gaye haiN| unase prastuta hariSeNa bhinna haiM / ye hariSeNa punnATa saMgha ke vidvAna the| inhoMne harivaMza purANa kI racanA se 148 varSa bAda usI bar3havANa yA varddha mAnapura meM kathAkoSa kI racanA kI thI / grantha prazasti meM unhoMne apanI guru paramparA isa isa prakAra dI hai- maunibhaTTAraka, hariSeNa, bharatasena aura hariSeNa / hariSeNa ne apane guru bharatasena ko chanda alaMkAra, kAvya-nATaka- zAstroM kA jJAtA, kAvya kA karttA, vyAkaraNajJa, tarka nipuNa, tattvArthavedI, aura nAnA zAstra vicakSaNa batalAyA hai| isase hariSeNa ke guru bar3e bhArI vidvAna jAna par3ate haiM / isa kathAkoza meM choTI bar3I 157 kathAeM saMskRta padyoM meM likhI gaI haiM / unameM kucha kathAe~, cANakya, zakaTAla, bhadrabAhu, vararuci, svAmI kArtikeya, zreNika bimbasAra, Adi kI kathAe~ aitihAsika puruSoM se sambandha rakhatI haiM / parantu akalaMka samantabhadra aura pAtra kezarI Adi kI kathAyeM isameM nahIM haiN| jo prabhAcandra gadya kathAkoza meM pAI jAtI haiN| usakA kAraNa yaha hai ki haripeNa ke sAmane kathAoM ko racate samaya zivArya kI ArAdhanA sAmane rahI hai, usameM jinakA udAharaNa saMketa rUpa meM gAthAoM meM upalabdha hai, unakA nAmollekha Adi gAthAoM meM kiyA gayA hai, unakI kathA hariSeNa ne likhI haiN| kucha kathAyeM aisI bhI haiM jinakA ullekha usameM nahIM hai kintu anyatra milatA hai, ve bhI isameM sammilita dikhatI haiN| hariSeNa ne prazasti ke AThaveM zloka meM 'prArAdhanoddhRtaH vAkya dvArA usakI svayaM sUcanA kara dI hai / tulanA karane se bhI ukta kathana kI puSTi hotI hai / isa grantha kI racanA vardhamAnapura meM huI hai, kavi ne usakA varNana karate hue use hai, jinake pAsa bahuta sonA thA, vaha aise logoM se AvAda thaa| vahAM jaina mandiroM kA samUha bane hue the, jaisA ki usake nimna padya se spaSTa hai / - janAlayA vrAtavirAjatAnte candrAvadAtadyuti saudhajAle / kArtasvarA pUrNa janAdhivAse zrI vardhamAnAkhyapure vasansaH // 4 bar3A samRddhanagara batalAyA thA, aura sundara mahala vardhamAnapura kI nanna rAja vasati meM yA usake kisI vaMzadhara ke banavAe hue jaina mandira meM harivaMzapurANa racA gayA thaa| yaha koI rASTrakUTa vaMza ke rAjapuruSa jAna par3ate haiM /

Page #265
navamI-dazavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya 231 prastuta kathAkoza kI racanA ukta vardhamAnapura meM usa samaya kI gaI, jabaki vahAM para vinAyakapAla nAmakA rAjA rAjya karatA thaa| usakA rAjya indra ke jaisA vizAla thaa|' yaha vinAyakapAla pratihAravaMza kA rAjA jAna par3atA hai jisake sAmrAjya kI rAjadhAnI kannauja thii| usa samaya pratihAroM ke adhikAra meM kevala rAjapUtAne kA hI adhikAMza bhAga nahI thA, kintu gajarAta, kAThiyAvAr3a, madhya bhArata aura uttara meM satalaja se lekara vihAra taka kA pradeza thA / yaha mahArAjAdhirAja mahendrapAla kA putra thA ora apane bhAiyoM mahIpAla aura bhoja (dvitIya) ke bAda gaddI para baiThA thA / kathAkoza kI racanA me lagabhaga eka varSa pUrva kA vi0 saM0 155 kA isakA dAna patra bhI milA hai| kAThiyAvAr3a ke haDDAlA gAMva meM vinAyakapAla ke bar3e bhAI mahIpAla ke samaya kA bhI zaka sa0 836 (vi0 saM0 671) kA eka dAnapatra milA hai| jisase mAlUma hotA hai ki usa samaya baDhavANa meM usake sAmanta cApavazI dharaNIvarAha kA adhikAra thaa| usake 17 varSa bAda hI baDhavANa meM kathAkoza racA gayA hai| racanAkAla navASTa navakeSveSu sthAneSu triSu jAyataH / vikramAditya kAlasya parimANamidaM sphuTam // 11 zateSTa su vispaSTaM paMcAzatatryadhikeSu ca / zaka kAlasya satyasya parimANamidaM bhavet / / 12 prastuta kathAkoza kI racanA zaka saM0 853 (vi0 saM0688) meM kI gaI hai| ataH prastuta kavi hariSeNa IsA kI dazavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna haiN| devasena (bhaTTAraka) bhaTTAraka devasena vANarAya (bANavaMzI kisI nareza) ke guru bhavaNandi bhaTTAraka ke ziSya the| aura jinakI samAdhi unake maraNa ke uparAnta ballImalai (jilA arkATa) meM sthApita kI gaI thii| pratimA para kAla nirdeza rahita ukta prAzaya kA kannar3a zilAlekha aMkita hai / mUrti lekha kA kAla 8-9 vIM zatI ke bAda kA nahIM jAna pdd'taa| -jaina zi0saM0 bhAga 2 pR0 136 devasena nAma ke aneka vidvAna ho gae haiM, jinakI garu paramparA aura samaya bhinna hai| yahAM do-tIna devasenoM kA saMkSipta paricaya diyA jAtA hai; jo anveSakoM ke liye upayogI hai| devasena devamena ve, jo paMcastapAncayI vIrasena svAmI ke ziSya the, aura jinasena, padmasena, zrIpAla prAdi ke sadharmA the| jinasenAcArya ne jayadhavalA TIkA (prazasti zloka 36) meM padmamena ke sAtha devasena kA ullekha kiyA hai| jina senAcArya ne apanI jayadhavalA TIkA zaka saM0 756 (sana 837 I.) meM samApta kI hai| prataH lagabhaga yahI samaya ina devasena kA honA cAhiye / prastuta devasena havIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna the| devasena (darzanasArAdi ke kartA) prastuta devasena apane samaya ke acche vidvAna the| unhoMne dhArA nagarI ke pArzvanAtha mandira meM rahate hue saMvata -kathA0 praza0 1. saMvatsare caturvize vartamAne khgbhidhe| vinayAdika pAlasya rAjye zakropamAna ke // 13, 2. iNDiyana eNTikverI ji0 15, pR0 140-41 3. rAjapUtAne kA itihAsa ji01 pR0 163

Page #266
232 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 860 mAgha zuklA dazamI ke dina 'darzanamAra kI racanA kI hai|' darzanasAra meM aneka matoM tathA saMgho kI utpatti Adi ko prakaTa karane vAlA apane vipaya kA eka hI grantha hai| devamena ne pUrvAcAryakRta gAthAoM kA saMkalana kara use darzanasAra kA rUpa diyA hai| jo aneka etihAsika ghaTanAoM kI sUcanAdi ko lie hae hai| isameM ekAntAdi pradhAna pAMca mithyAmatoM aura draviDa, yApanIya, kApThA, mAthara aura bhilla saghoM kI utpatti kA kucha itihAsa unake siddhAntoM ke ullekha pUrvaka diyA hai / aura dravir3Adi maghoM ko jainAbhAsa batalAyA gayA hai| devamena ne apane guru kA aura gaNagacchAdi kI koI ullekha nahIM kiyaa| jisameM unake sambandha meM vizeSa prakAza DAlA jaataa| darzanasAra meM dI gaI tithiyoM kA samaya viyama kI mRtyu ke anusAra hai| kintu vi0 saM0 ke sAtha unakA koI sAmaMjasya ThIka nahIM baiThanA / ataH una tithiyA kA sazodhana karanA prAvazyaka hai| yadi una tithiyA ko zaka saMvat kI mAna liyA jAya to samaya sambandhI ve sabhI vAdhAya ve dUra ho jAtI haiN| jo unheM vikrama savata mAnane ke kAraNa utpanna hotI hai aura aitihAsika zrakhalAnoM meM krama sambaddhatA banI rahatI hai| pa0 nAtha rAma jI premI ne darzanasAra kI samAlocanA ko hai| darzanasAra ke atirikta devamena kI nimna racanAeM aura mAnI jAtI haiN| tattvamAra, ArAdhanAsAra aura nyckr| tattvasAra-75 gAthAtmaka eka lagha adhyAtma grantha hai jisameM svagata aura paragata ke bheda se tattva kA do prakAra se nirUpaNa kiyA hai| aura batalAyA hai ki jisake na krodha hai na mAna hai, na mAyA hai aura na lobha hai, na zalya hai, na lezyA hai, jo janma-jarA aura maraNa se rahita hai vahI niraMjana AtmA hai| "jassa Na koho mANo mAyA loho Na salla lessaayo| jAi jarA maraNaM ci ya NiraMjaNo so prahaM bhnniyo|' jo karmaphala ko bhogatA huA bhI usameM rAga-dvepa nahI karatA hai vaha sacita karma kA vinAza karatA hai aura vaha natana karma se bhI nahIM badhatA / anta meM kavi grantha kA upasahAra karatA huA kahatA hai ki jo sadRSTi devasena muni racita tattvasAra ko sunatA tathA usakI bhAvanA karatA hai, vaha zAzvata sukha ko prApta karatA hai| prArAdhanAsAra--yaha eka sau pandraha gAthAtmaka grantha hai, jisameM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyaka cAritra aura taparUpa cAra ArAdhanAoM ke kathana kA sAra nizcaya aura vyavahAra donoM rUpa me diyA hai| vipaya vivecana kI zailI baDI sandara hai| marate samaya ArAdhaka kauna hotA hai ? isakA acchA kathana kiyA hai aura batalAyA hai ki-jisa bhavya ne krodhAdi kapAyoM ko naSTa kara diyA hai, samyagdRSTi hai aura samyagjJAna se sampanna hai antaraga, bahiraMga parigraha kA tyAgI hai vaha maraNa samaya pArAdhaka hotA hai / yathA Nihaya kasAno bhavvo saNavanto hnnaannsNpnnnno| duviha pariggahacatto maraNe aArAhano havai // 17 jo sAMmArika sukha me virakta hai / zarIrAdi para iSTa vastuoM se prItirUpa rAga jisakA naSTa ho gayA hai-- vairAgya hai, athavA saMsAra zarIra bhogoM se nirveda ko prApta hai, paramopazama ko prApta hai jisane anantAnubaMdhicatuSTaya, tIna mithyAtva rUpa mohanIya karma kI ina sAta prakRtiyoM kA upazama hai, aura antara bAhyarUpa vividha prakAra ke nayoM meM jisakA zarIra tapta hai, vaha maraNa samaya meM ArAdhaka hotA hai, jo prAtma svabhAva meM nirata hai, para dravya janita parigraha rUpa sUkharasa se rahita hai, rAga-dveSa kA mathana karane vAlA hai, vaha maraNa samaya meM ArAdhaka hotA hai, jaisA ki nimna gAthAoM se spaSTa hai : 1. raiyo daMsaNamAro hAro bhavvANa NavasA nava ii| siri pAsaNAha gehe suvisuddha mAha maddhadasamIe // 50 giri devameNa gaNiNA dhArAe saMvasaMteNa / -darzanasAra

Page #267
navamI-dazavI zatAbdI ke AcArya 233 saMsAra suhaviratto veraggaM parama uvasamaM ptto| viviha tava taviya deho maraNe pArAhano eso||18 appa sahAveNiro vajjiya prdvvsNgsukkhrso| Nimmahiya rAyadoso havaI pArAhano maraNe // 16 mallekhanA karane vAlA bhavya yadi kevala vAhya zarIra ko hI kRza karatA hai kintu aAntarika kapAyoM kA vinAza nahIM karatA to usakI vaha zarIra sallekhanA nirarthaka hai / isa kAraNa zarIra sallekhanA ke sAtha prAntarika kaSAyo kA damana karanA-unhe rasa vihIna banAnA nitAnta Avazyaka hai--athavA unakI zakti kSINa kara azakta banAnA jarUrI hai. jisame ve apanA kArya karane meM samartha na ho saka / kyoki kapAya balavAna hai, va avasara pAte hI kSapaka ke citta ko saMkSabhita kara sakatI hai, ataeva unakA jaya karanA zreyaskara hai, unake saMllakhita hone para muni kA citta kSabhita nahI ho sakatA / ataeva sAdhu uttama dharma ko prApta hotA hai| grantha meM paripaha aura upasarga sahiSNa muniyoM kA nAmollekha bhI kiyA hai| samAdhimaraNa karane vAlA kSapaka yaha bhAvanA karatA hai ki mere koI vyAdhi nahI hai, rAga-dvapa hita mere grAtmA kA kabhI maraNa nahI hotA. kyoMki vyAdhi aura maraNa to zarIra meM hotA hai AtmA kA koI maraNa nahI hotA, zarIra jar3a hai, AtmA caitanya kA piNDa hai / ataH prAtmA meM koI,duHkha nahI hotaa| sallehaNA zarIre bAhirajoehi jA kayA munninnaa| sayalA vi sA NiratthA jAma kasAe Na sallihadi // 35 isa taraha jo purupa cAro AgadhanAoM kA pArAdhanA karatA hai, aura tapazcaraNa dvAga Atmazuddhi karatA hai. sarva parigraha kA parityAga kara ji laga dhAraka hotA hai, tathA prAtmA kA dhyAna karatA hai vaha nizcaya se siddhi ko (svAtmopalabdhi ko) prApta karatA hai, isa taraha yaha grantha bar3A sundara aura manana karane yogya hai| anta meM kavi apane ahakAra kA parihAra karatA humA kahatA hai ki mere meM kavitva nahI hai, chandoM kA bhI parijJAna nahI hai phira bhI maiM devasena apanI bhAvanA ke nimitta isa grantha kI (ArAdhanAsAra kI) racanA kara rahA huuN| yadi isameM ajJatAvaza pravacana viruddha kahA gayA ho, to manIndrajana umakA sazodhana kara le| isa grantha para eka saskRta TIkA hai, jisake kattA kASThAsaghI mani kSemakIti ke ziSya ratnakotira kIti paDitAcArya ke nAma se vizrata the| TIkA sarala, subodha aura pramAda gaNa ne yUktta hai| aura grantha kartA ke rahasya ko udghATita karatI huI vastu tattva kI vivecaka hai| mula grantha prora TIkA dono hI mANikacandra granthamAlA me prakAzita hai| nayacakra-87 gAthAtmaka hai, jise laghu nayacakra bhI kahA jAtA hai / yaha nAma karaNa kisI bar3e nayacakra ko dekhakara bAda meM kiyA gayA jAna par3atA hai| samApti vAkya meM ise nayacakra prakaTa kiyA hai| anyatra bhI nayacakra ke nAma se isakA ullekha milatA hai / devasena ne nayacakra meM nayoM kA mUla rUpa se sundara varNana kiyA hai| nayoM ke mUla do bheda dravyAthika paryAyAthika kiye gae hai aura zeSa saba sakhyAta asaMkhyAta bhedo ko inhI ke bheda-prabheda banalAyA gayA hai 2 / nayoM ke kathana 1. zvetAmbarAcArya yazovijaya ne 'dravyaguNaparyAya rAso' meM aura bhoja sAgara ne 'dravyAnuyoga tarkaNA' me bhI devarmana ke nAmollekha pUrvaka laghu nayacakra kA ullekha kiyA hai| 2. Niccha ya vavahAraNayA malimabheyAgayANa savvANa / Nicchaya sAharaNaheu pajjayadabatthiya muNaha / do cebaya malaNayA bhaggiyAdavvattha pajjayattha gy|| a samvA te tabbheyA muNeyavvA / / .-naya cakrasagraha

Page #268
234 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 kA prArambha karate hue likhA hai ki-jo nayadRSTi se vihIna hai unhe vastu svarUpa kI upalabdhi nahIM hotii| aurati vastu svarUpa kI upalabdhi nahIM hai jo vastu svarUpa ko nahI pahacAnate--ve samyagdRSTi kaise ho sakate / yathA jo NayadiTTi vihINA tANa Na vatthusaruvauvaladdhi / vatthusahAvavihUNA sammAdiTThI kahaM huti // granthakAra ne yaha bar3e marma kI bAta kahI hai| isapara ne grantha ke mahatva kA spaSTa AbhAsa mila jAtA hai| grantha ke anta meM kartA ne nayacakra ke vijJAna ko sakala zAstroM kI zUddhi karane vAlA aura darNaya rUpa andhakAra ke liye mArtaNDa batalAte hae likhA hai ki yadi ajJAna mahodadhi ko lIlAmAtra maM tiranA cAhate ho to nayacakra ko jAnane ke lie apanI buddhi lagAyo-nayo kA jJAna prApta kiA vinA ajJAna mahAsAgara ge pAra na ho skoge| yahA yaha vAta vicAraNIya hai ki prastuta nayacakra vaha nayacakra nahI jimakA ullekha akalaMka deva ne nyAyavinizcaya meM aura vidyAnanda ne apane tattvArtha daloka vArtika ke naya vivaraNa prakaraNa meM nimna padya dvArA kiyA hai:nyAya vinizcaya ke anta meM likhA hai - iSTaM tattvamapekSA to nayAnAM nayacakrataH // 3-61 saMkSepeNa nayAstAvad vyAkhyAtAH sUtra sUcitAH / tadvizeSAH prapaJcena saMcintyA nayacakrataH / / isa padya meM jima nayacakra ke vizepa kathana ko dekhane kI preraNA kI gaI hai vaha yaha nayacakra nahI hai| eka bar3A nayacakra zvetAmbarAcArya mallavAdi kA prasiddha hai jise dvAdazAra nayacakra kahA jAtA hai| aura jisakA samaya vi0 saM0 414 mAnA jAtA hai / para mallavAdi ne middhamena ke manmati para TIkA likhI hai jisakA nirdeza haribhadra ne kiyA hai| aura siddhasena kA samaya pAMcavI zatAbdI mAnA jAtA hai| ve gapta kAla ke vidvAna hai| ata: mallavAdI kA samaya bhI siddhamena ke bAda hI honA caahie| kyoki jinabhadra gaNI kSamA zramaNa ne apane vizeSAvazyaka bhASya meM siddhamena aura mallavAdi ke upayoga ke abheda kI carcA vistAra meM kI hai| ukta vizegAvazyaka vallabhI meM vi0 sa0666 meM samApta huA thaa| isase mallavAdI kA samaya chaThI zatAbdI jAna par3atA hai| prastuta nayacakra darzana sAra ke kartA kI kRti mAlama nahI hotA, vaha kisI anya devamena dvArA racA gayA hogA, usake nimna kAraNa hai: devamena ne apane granthoM (darzanasAra, ArAdhanAsAra aura tattvasAra) meM apanA nAma kartArUpa meM ullekhita kiyA hai, kintu prastuta nayacakra meM kartA kA nAma nahI diyA hai| 2. nayacakra kI gAthA na047 ke prAge 'taducyate' vAkya ke sAtha do padya anya granthoM se uddhata kiye haiN| unameM eka gAthA 'praNa guru deha pamANo' nemicandra ke dravya sagraha kI hai| dravya saMgraha kA nirmANa darzanasAra ke bAda hA hai, vaha 11vI dAtAbdI kI racanA hai| "mI sthiti meM vaha darzanamAra ke kartA devamena kI kRti kaise ho sakatI hai? 3. darzanamAra ke kartA ke granthoM ke nAga sAganna pAye jAte hai jame darzanasAra ArAdhanAsAra aura tattvasAra gombhaTasAra ke kartA namicandra siddhAnta cakravartI ne bhI apane grantho ke nAma sArAnta rakkhe haiN| jaise labdhisAra, kSappaNAmAra, trilokamAra Adi / nayacakra nAma ke aneka grantha hai / dravya svabhAva prakAzaka nayacakra, zrutabhavana dIpaka nayacakra aura pAlApa paddhati / inameM dravya svabhAva prakAzaka nayacakra ke kartA devamena ke zipya mAilla dhavala hai| inakA paricaya alaga se diyA gayA hai| devasena zratabhavana dIpaka nayacakra ke kartA devasena hai| isa naya cakra meM do nayoM kA saMgraha hai| prathama nayacakra ke maMgala padya meM ghAtiyA karmoM ke jItane vAle zrI vardhamAna ko namaskAra karake pAgama jJAna kI siddhi ke liye naya ke vistAra ko kahatA hUM / yathA

Page #269
navamI - dazavI zatAbda prAcArya 235 varddhamAnamAnamya, jitaghAticatuSTayaM / zrI vakSyeha naya vistAramAgamajJAnasiddhaye // naya kA lakSaNa dete hue liyA hai- 'nAnAsvabhAvebhyo vyAvRtya ekasmin svabhAve vastu nayanItinayaH / ' jo vastu ko nAnA svabhAvoM se haTA kara eka svabhAva meM (vipaya meM) nizcaya karAtA hai vaha naya hai| eka gAthA ukta ca rUpa se dI hai, jo dhavalA TIkA meM bhI uddhata hai. yaditi Nazro bhaNido bahUhiM guNapajjaehiM jaM davva / pariNAmaseta kAlantaresu zraviNaTTa savabhAva || isake bAda sapta nayo kA gadya-padya meM varNana kiyA gayA hai| dvitIya nayacatra ke maMgala pakSa me moharUpI andhakAra ko naSTa karane rUpa zrI se yukta varddhamAna rUpI sUrya ko namaskAra karake gAthA ke artha me anurUpa se pare dvArA cakra kahA jAtA hai : zrIvarddhamAnArkamAnamya madhvAntaprabhedinaM / gAthArtharayAvirodhena nayacakra mayocyate // dUsara padya jinapati mana (jainamana) eka pRthvI hai, ugame samayasAra nAmaka ratnoM kA pahAr3a hai, usame ratna lekara moha ke gADha vibhrama ko naSTa karane va dIpa patra ko kahA jinapata matahyAM ratnazailAdayApAdiha hi samayasArAdbuddha buddhayA gRhItvA / prahRtaghanAvineohaM supramANAdi ratna, patana guDIpaM vidvi vyApanIyaM // 2 prastuta nayacatra 'zrutabhavana dIpaka nAma se khyAta hai jo devamena ke gAe patraka kA bodhaka hai / kartA ke sAtha bhaTTAraka vizeSaNa bhI prA0 napacaka ke kartA se bhinnatA kA sUcaka hai| yaha nayacaka taskRta gadya-padya meM racA gayA hai / viSaya vivecana kI dRSTi aura tarkaNA zailI sundara hai, jo vyoma paNDita ke pratibAdhana ke liye racA gayA hai / jaisA ki usake nimna puSpikA ke ' iti devagena bhaTTAraka viracite vyoma pani pratibodha ke nayacake' vAkya me jAnA jAtA hai / isameM tIna adhikAra hai / grantha ke zurU samayasAra kI tIna gAthAko uddhA karake kartA ne saMskRta gadya meM unakI vyAkhyA karate hue vyavahAra naya kI prabhUtArthanA ra ninaga taya ko bhUnA para acchA prakAza DAlA hai / grantha vyavasthita ra nayAdi ke svarUpa kA pratipAdaka hai| isakA sampAdana kSullaka mAgara ne kiyA hai / aura vardhamAna pArzvanAtha zAstrI ne solApura ne prakAzita kiyA hai| sAmagrI ke samAna racanA kA samaya nirNaya karanA kaThina hai / AlApa paddhati AlApa paddhati ke kartA devagena batalAye jAte hai / parantu grantha ne kahI bhI kartRtva vipayaka maketa nahI milatA / isa kAraNa yaha kI gaMgA ke kartA devamana kI kRti nahI mAlUma hotI / yadyapi prAkRta naya cakra ora AlApa paddhati kA viSaya samAna hai / yAlApa paddhati nayacakra para likhI gaI hai| jaisA ki usake nimna vAkya se prakaTa hai : 'alApa paddhatirvacana racanAnukrameNa nayacakrasyopari ucyate / phira prazna huA ki isakI racanA ki liye kI gaI hai, taba uttara meM kahA gayA hai ki dravya lakSaNa siddhi ke liye yAra svabhAva siddhi ke liye AlApa paddhati kI racanA kI gaI hai| aba taka ise darzanagAra ke kartA kI kRti kahA jAtA rahA hai, para isa sambandha meM, aba taka koI anveSaNa nahI kiyA gayA, jisase yaha pramANita ho sake ki yaha darzanasAra ke kartA kI kRti hai yA anya kisI devasena kI / 1. sA ca kimartham / dravyalakSaNa siddhyarthaM svabhAva siddhyartha va jAlApapaddhati

Page #270
jana dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 toraNAcArya yaha kUnda kUndAnvaya ke vidvAna the| ora zAlmalo nAmaka grAma meM prAkara rahe the| vahAM unhoMne logoM kA ajJAna dUra kiyA thA aura janatA kI sanmArga meM lagAyA thaa| tathA apane teja se pRthvI maNDala ko prakAzita kiyA / toraNAcArya ke ziSya puSpanandi the| jo ukta gaNa meM agraNI the| puSpanandi ke ziSya prabhAcandra the, jinake liye yaha vasati banavAI gayI thii| usa samaya rASTrakUTa vaMzI rAjA govinda tRtIya kA rAjya thaa| usake rAjya ke do tAmrapatra mile haiN|' eka zaka saM0 724 kA aura dUsarA zaka saM0 716 kaa| ataH ina prabhAcandra ke dAdA guru toraNAcArya kA samaya prabhAcandra se lagabhaga 40 varSa pUrva mAnA jAya to unakA samaya zaka saM0676 san 756 honA caahie| arthAt ve IsA kI pAThavI zatAbdI ke vidvAna the aura vikrama kI havIM zatAbdI ke| kumArasena bhaTTAraka bhaTTAraka kumArasena ko zaka saM0 822 (sana 900) vi0 saM0 657 meM satyavAkya koMgaNivarma dharma mahArAjAdhirAja ne, jo ki kUvalAla nagara ke svAmI the| aura zrImatpermanaDi aireyapperasa ne sapheda cAvala, muktazrama, ghI sadA ke liye cugI se muktakara permanaDivasadi ke lie bhaTTAraka kumArasena ko diyA thaa| isase ina kumArasena kA samaya IsA kI navamI aura vikrama kI dazavIM zatAbdI hai| -jaina lekha saM0 prA0 2 pR0 160 kumArasena yaha kumArasena vIrasena ke ziSya the, jo candrikAvATa ke vidvAna the| inhoMne mUlaguNDa meM apanA sthAyI nivAsa banA liyA thaa| yaha bar3e vidvAna the| inakA samaya 10vIM zatAbdI hai| ravikIti ravikIti apane samaya ke prasiddha vidvAna aura jainadharma ke saMpAlaka the| aihola-abhilekha bIjApura jile ke huguNDa tAlukA ke aihola ke meguTi nAma ke jaina mandira kI ora pUrva kI dIvAla para aMkita hai| lekha meM 16 1. koNDakondAnvayo dAro gaNo'bhUbhuvanastutaH / tadetada viSaya vikhyAtaM zAlmalI grAmamAvasan / AsIda (1) toraNAcArya stapaH phalaparigrahaH / tatropazama sabhUta bhAvanApAstakalmapaH / / paNDitaH puSpanandIti babhUvabhuvi vizra naH / antevAsI munestasya sakalazcandramATava / / prati divasa bhavaddhi nirastadopI vyathata hRdayamalaH / paribhUnacandra bimbamtacchipyo'bhUta prabhAcandraH / / -zaka maM0724 kA tAmrapatra AsIda toraNAcAryaH koNDakundAnvayodbhavaH / ma caitad viSaye zrImAna zalmalIgrAma mAzritaH / nirAkRta tamorAti sthApayan satpathe janAn / svatejo dyotitA kSauNizcaMDAcigvi yo babhau / tasyAbhUd puSpanandItu ziSyovidvAna gaNAgraNIH / tacchiSyazcaprabhAcandrastasyeyaM vamatiH kRtA / / -zaka saM0 716 kA tAmrapatra

Page #271
navamI-dazavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya 237 paMktiyA~ aura 37 zloka haiM / antima paMkti choTI hai jo bAda meM jor3I gaI hai| yaha lekha dharma, saskRti aura kAvya kI dRSTi se bar3e mahatva kA hai / aura upayogI hai / isa prazasti lekha ke lekhaka ravikIti hai, jo saskRta bhApA ke acche vidvAna aura kavi the| ve kAvya yojanA meM pravINa aura pratibhAzAlI the| unhoMne kavitA ke kSetra meM kAlidAsa aura bhAravi kI kIti prApta kI thii| isa lekha meM hameM kevala ravi kIti kI pratibhA kA hI paricaya nahI milatA kintu ukta donoM kaviyoM ke kAla kI antima sImA bhI sunizcita ho jAtI hai| yaha lekha zaka sa0 556 (san 634 I0) sAtavIM zatAbdI ke dakSiNa bhArata ke rAjanaitika itihAsa para acchA prakAza DAlatA hai| ravikoti cAlUkya pUlakezI satyAzraya (pazcimI cAlukya pUlakezo dvitIya) ke rAjya meM the| yaha gajA unakA saMrakSaka yA popaka thaa| pulakezI svayaM zUravIra, raNa kuzala yoddhA thA, prazasti meM usakaM pagakrama, yuddha gacAlana, sAhama aura sainikoM kI gatividhiyoM kA itanA sundara aura vyavasthita varNana diyA hai jo dekhate hI banatA hai| magaleza apane bhAI ke pUtra pulakezI se IrSA karatA thA-usakI kIti se jalatA thA aura apane putra ko rAjA banAnA cAhatA thaa| para na samAna pratApI pulakezI ke sAmane usakI zakti ku Thita ho gaI-vaha kAma na pA sakI, aura rAjyalakSmI ne pulakezI ko varaNa kiyaa| pulakezI ne pApyAyika, govinda, gaMga, pralUpa, maurya, lATa, mAlava, gurjara, kaliga, kosala, pallava, cola, ninyAnave hajAra gAMva vAle mahArASTra, pipTapura kA durga, kuNAladvIpa, vanavAmI aora pazcima samudra kI purI ko jIta liyA thaa| aura rAjA harpa varddhana ko roka kara narmadA ke kinAre apanA menika kendra sthApita kiyA thaa| prazasti meM pulakezI ke pratApa aura teja kA bahuta sundara varNana diyA hai aura batalAyA hai ki pulakezI ne apanI senA ke kAraNa pallava rAjAoM ko itanA AtaMkita aura bhayabhIta kara diyA thA, jisame ve apanI rAjadhAnI kI cahAra dIvArI ke bhItara hI nivAsa karate the-bAhara nikalane kA unakA sAhasa nahIM hotA thaa| cola deza para vijaya prApta karane ke liye usane kAverI nadI pAra kI tathA dakSiNa bhArata ke anya pradezoM ko apane Azrita kiyaa| ravi kIrti kA samaya zaka saM0 556 (san 634) sAtavI zatAbdI hai| candradevAcArya candradeva nandi rAjya ke yazasvI, prabhAvayukta, zIla-sadAcAra-sampanna prAcArya kalvappa nAmaka Rpi parvata para vratapAla divagata hue the| yadyapi yaha legva kAla rahita hai| isameM gamvat kA ullekha nahI hai phira bhI ime lagabhaga zaka saM0 622 kA mAnA jAtA hai / jo san 700 hotA hai / inakA samaya vikrama kI 8vI zatAbdI honA caahie| -jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 1 pR0 14 le0 34 (84) dUsare candradeva ko kalyANI ke prasiddha gavaMza rAjAmallikArjuna ne zaka saM0 1127 raktAkSi saMvatsara dvitIya pauSa sudi budhavAra makara saMkrAnti ke dina ukta guru candradeva bhaTa ko jaladhArA pUrvaka dAna diyA gayA thaa| inakA samaya san 1205 I0 hai| (jaina lekha sa0 bhA 3 pR0 264) prAryasena mUlasaMgha varamenagaNa aura pogari gaccha ke vidvAna AcArya the| aura brahmamena vratipa ke ziSya the| jo aneka rAjAoM dvArA sevita the| Aryasena ke zipya mahAsena the| zilAlekha meM mahAsena munIndra ke chAtra cAki 1. ma vijayatA ravikIti: kavitAdhita kAlidAsa bhAravi kiitiH| --megati lekha 2 zrImUlasaMghe jinadharmamUle, gaNAbhidhAne varasena naamni| gacchaSu tuccha'pi pogarya bhikkhe saMstUpamAno muniga> menaH / / tasyAyasenasya munIzvarasya ziSyo mahAmena mahA munIndraH / / -jaina lekha ma0 bhA02 pR0 228

Page #272
238 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 rAja vANasa vaMza ke tathA ketaladevI ke Aphisara the| unhoMne zAMtinAtha, pArzvanAtha tathA supArzvanAtha kI pratimA banavAI thIM, aura paunnavAr3a vartamAna honvADa meM tribhuvana tilaka nAmaka caityAlaya banavAyA / ' ora usake lie kucha jamIna tathA makAnAt zaka sa0 676 san 1054 me dAna diyA thaa| ataH prAyasena kA samaya san 1026 ke lagabhaga hAnA caahiye| -jaina zilAlekha bhA0210228 AryanandI kavi prasaga ne, jo nAganandI kA zipya thaa| usane AryanandI guru ko preraNA se vardhamAna purANa kI racanA kI thii| kavi ne ise saM0610 meM banAkara samApta kiyA thaa| kavi kA mina jinApya nAma kA eka brAhmaNa vidvAna thaa| vaha pakSapAta rahita, jinadharma meM anuravata, bahAdara aura paraloka bhIrU thA. umarka, vyAkhyAna zIlatA aura puNya zraddhA ko dekhakara ukta purANa grantha kI racanA kI hai| Aryanandi guru kA samaya vikrama kI 10 vIM zatAbdI kA prArambha hai| jayasena yaha lADa vAgaDasagha ke pUrNacandra the| zAstra samudra ke pAragAmI aora tapa ke nivAsa the| tathA strI ke kalArUpI vANoM me nahI bhide the-pUrNa brahmacarya ge pratiSThita the| jaisA ki pradyumnacarita kI prazasti ke nimna padya meM prakaTa hai : zrIlATavargaTa nabhastala pUrNacandraH zAstrArgavAntaga sudhI tapasAM nivAsaH / kAntA kalAvapi na yasya zarIvibhinnaM, svAntaM babhaba sa munirjayasena nAmA / / inake zipya guNAkaramena sUri the aura praziSya mahAmena, jo muJja nareza dvArA pUjita the| ina jayasena kA kA samaya vikrama kI dazavI zatAbdI hai| kanakasena kanakasena senAnvaya mUlamagha pogarIgaNa ke siddhAnta bhaTTAraka pinayamena ke ziSya the| zaka saM0815 (san 1 ) meM nidhiyaNNa aura bediyaNNa nAma ke do vaNika putrA ne (Sons of ainerchait from Srimangal ne nagaDama (dharmapUrI) me eka jinamadira bnvaayaa| inameM pahane ko rAjA ge 'mUlapalli' nAma kA gAva dAna meM milaa| jise usane kanakamena bhaTTAraka ko mandira kI suvyavasthA ke liye pradAna kiyaa| (jaina lekha ma0 bhA04 pR0 36) ajitasenAcArya AcArya ajitasena Aryanena ke gipya the| bar3e bhArI vidvAna aura tatva cintaka the / mUlaguNDa ke san 1053 I0 ke eka zilA lekhame ajitasena naTTAraka ko 'candrikAvATAnvayavArapTa' batalAyA hai| yaha rAjAoM se sammAnita the / gaMgavaMzI rAjA mArrAsaha pAra rAcamalla ke guru the| aura inake matrI eva senApati cAmuNDarAya ke bhI guru the| isI meM gAmmaTasAra ke kartA prAcArya nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI ne unheM Rddhi prApta gaNadhara devAdi ke samAna guNI aura bhuvana guru batalAyA hai / jaisAki usakA nimna gAthA se prakaTa hai :------ -- - ----- - - - - - - -- - -------- --- 1. tanni mata mubaga bumbhukamatyudAtta, loka-pranivibha-bAnnarapAnavADe / raramyate paramazAntijinandrageha, pArzvadvayAnugatapAzva'supAzrvadAsam / / mahAsanamunecchAtra, cAGkigajana nirmita / draSTu kAmAghasaMhAri zAntinAthasya bimbakam / / -jaina zi0 le0 saM010 226

Page #273
navamI-dazavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya prajjajjaseNa guNagaNa samUha saMdhAri-ajiyaseNa guru / bhavaNaguru jassa guru so rApro gommaTo jayaU // 33 // yaha ajitasena apane samaya ke prasiddha prAcArya the| cAmuNDarAya kA putra jinadevana bhI inakA zipya thaa| usane san 665 I0 meM zravaNabelagola meM eka jina mandira banavAyA thA' / prastuta ajitamenAcAyaM prasiddha kavi ranna' bhA guru the| gaMgavaMzI rAjA mArasiha bar3a vAra prora jinadharma bhakta the| inhoMne rASTrakaTa nareza kRSNa tatIya ke liye garjaradeza ko vijaya kiyA, vindhyaparvata kI talI meM rahane vAle kirAtA ke samUha kA jItA, mAnyakheTa meM kRSNarAja kI senA kI rakSA kI, dandragaja caturtha kA abhiSeka kraayaa| aura bhI aneka rAjAnoM ko vijita kiyaa| aneka yaddha jIte, aura cera, coDa, pANDya, pallava narezAM ko parAsta kiyaa| jaina dharma kA pAlana kiyA / aneka jinamandira banavAye aura mandiroM ko dAna diyaa| mArgamaha ne 661 I0 se 67 I0 taka rAjya kiyA hai| inake dharma mahArAjAdhirAja. gaMgacaDAmaNi, gaMgavidyAdhara, gagakandapaM ora gaMgavaja prAdi viruda pAye jAte hai| aura anta meM rAjya kA parityAga kara ajitagena guru ke samIpa san 674 I0 meM bakApura meM samAdhi pUrvaka zarIra kA parityAga kiyaa| ajita senAcArya kA samaya I0 san 660 (vi0 sa0 1017) hai / jitasena ke ziSya kanakasena dvitIya the| nAganandI sUrastha gaNa ke muni zrInandi bhaTTAraka ke prazipya aura vinayanandi siddhAnta bhaTTAraka ke ziSya the| inake pAda prakSAlana pUrvaka kukkanUra 30 meM sthita apanI jAgIra me 300 mantara pramANa kRpya bhUmi, kopaNa meM yAdava vaMza meM samutpanna mahA sAmanta zaGkara gaNDarasa dvArA nirmApita jayadhIra jinAlaya ko nitya prati kI AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti ke liye dAna meM dI gaI thii| yaha lekha akAla varSa kannaradeva (rASTrakUTa nareza kRSNa tRtIya) ke rAjya meM raktAkSi saMvatsara evaM zaka saMvat 887 san 664 IsvI meM likhA gayA thaa| isase nAganandI kA samaya san 964 hai| -jainijma ina sAutha iMDiyA pR0 426 gollAcArya mala saMghAntargata nandigaNa se pramata dezIyagaNa ke prasiddha AcArya the, aura gollAcArya nAma se khyAta the| yaha gRhastha avasthA meM pahale golladeza ke adhipati (gajA) the| aura nalacandila nAma ke rAjavaMza meM utpanna hA the| unhoMne kisI kAraNavaza saMsAra se bhayabhIta ho, rAjya kA parityAga kara jinadIkSA le lI thii| aura tapazcaraNa dvArA prAtma-sAdhanA meM tatpara the| ve zramaNa avasthA meM acche tapasvI, aura zuddharatnatraya ke dhAraka the| siddhAntazAstrarUpI samadra kI taraMgoM ke samUha se jinhoMne pApoM ko dho DAlA thaa| inake ziSya kAlya yogI the| inakA samaya saMbhavataH dazavIM zatAbdI hai| 1. ityAdya ddha munIndrasantatinidhI zrImUlamadhe nto| jAte nandigaNa-prabhedavilamaddezIgaNe vishrte| gollAcArya iti prasiddha-munipo'bhUdgolladezAdhipaH / pUrva ke na ca hetunA bhavabhiyA dIkSAM gRhItasmudhI : / / -janalekhasaMgraha bhA01 le0 naM0 40 pR0 25

Page #274
240 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 anantavIrya (vRddha)siddhivinizcaya ke TIkAkAra eka vRddha anantavIrya hue haiN| siddhivinizcaya TIkA ke pR0 27, 57, 135, 538) se jJAta hotA hai ki unakI yaha TIkA ravibhadrapAdopajIvI anaMtavIrya ko prApta thI, unhoMne apanI TIkA meM usakI kucha bAtoM kA nirasana bhI kiyA hai / para ve usame prabhAvita nahI the, aura saMbhavata: vaha unheM vizeSa rucikara bhI na thii| isI se unhoMne apanI TIkA kA nirmANa kiyaa| isase itanA to nizcita hai ki yaha anantavIrya unase pUrvavartI hai| sabhavataH inakA samaya vi0 kI havI zatAbdI kA madhyakAla ho sakatA hai| anantavIrya inakA peggara ke kannaDa zilAlekha meM vIrasena siddhAnta deva ke prazipya aura goNamena paNDita bhaTrAraka ke zipya ke rUpa meM ullekha hai| ye zrI belagola ke nivAsI the| inheM behoregare ke rAjA zrImata rakkama ne peraggadUra tathA naI khAI kA dAna kiyA thaa| yaha dAna lekha zaka saM0869 (I0 man 177) kA likhA huA hai| ataH inakA samaya IsA kI dasavIM zatAbdI hai| indranandI prathama inakA ullekha jvAlA mAlinI kalpa kI prazasti meM indranandI (dvitIya) ne kiyA hai| indrAdi devoM ke dvArA inake caraNa kamala pUjita the| jinamata rUpI jaladhi (samudra) se pApalepa ko dho DAlA thaa| siddhAnta zAstra ke jAtA triloka rUpI kamala vana meM vicagna karane vAle yazasvI rAjahaMsa the / inakA samaya vikrama kI dazavI zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha hai| vAsavanandI yaha indranandI prathama ke ziSya the| bar3e bhArI vidvAna the| jinakA caritra pApa rUpI zatru sainya kA hanana karane ke liye teja talavAra ke samAna thaa| aura cittazaratkAlIna jala ke samAna svaccha aura zItala thA, jinakI nirmala kIti zaratkAlIna candramAkI cAdanI ke samAna prakAzamAna thii| inakA samaya bhI vikrama kA dazavI zatAbdI kA madhya bhAga honA caahiye| 1. zrI belagolanivAmigalappa zrI bIgmenasiddhAnnadevara vara ziSyayara zrIgoragamenapaNDitabhaTTArakavara ziSya zrImana anantavIryagale.... -jana zilA0 saM0 bhA0 2 pR0 166 2. AsIdindrAdideva stutapadakamalazrIndranadimunIndro / nityotsappaccaritrI jinamatajalAvarghAtapApopalepaH / prajJAnAvAmanodyatpraguNagaNabhRtotkIrNavistIrNa siddhA nAmbhogazistrilokyAbujavana vicaratasadyazo rAjahaMsa. / / 3. yadavRttaM duritArisanya hanane caNDAsidhArAyitam / cittaM yasya zaratsarasalilavat mvacchaM sadA zItalam / kIrtiH zAradakaumudI zazibhRto jyotsneva ysyaa'mlaa| sa zrI vAsavanaMdisanmunipati. ziSyastadIyo bhavet / /

Page #275
navamI dasavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya 241 ravicandra.prastuta ravicandra sUrasthagaNa ke elAcArya kI guru paramparA meM hue haiN| prabhAcanda yogoza, kalneledeva, ravicandra munIzvara ravinandi deva-elAcArya / gaMga rAjA mArasiMha (dvitIya) ke samaya pIpa kRSNa 6 maMgalavAra zaka 884 dundubhi saMvatsara, uttarAyaNa saMkrAnti ke samaya melapATi ke skandhAvAra me komala deza meM sthita kAdalara' grAma elAcArya ko diye jAne kA ullekha hai| cUki isa kannaDa zilAlekha kA samaya san 662 hai / ' ataH yaha ravicandra dazavI zatAbdI ke vidvAna haiN| muni rAmasiMha (dohApAhuDa ke kartA) muni rAmasiMha ne apanA koI paricaya nahIM diyA, aura na apane guru kA nAmollekha hI kiyA / grantha meM racanAkAla bhI nahIM diyA aura na apanI guru paramparA kA ullekha hI kiyA danako ekamAtra kRti 'dAhA pAhui' hai| jisameM 222 dohe haiN| jinameM prAtma-sambodhaka vastu tattva kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / dohe bhAvapUrNa aura sarasa haiN| cUMki isa grantha ke kartA rAmasiMha yogI haiN| unhoMne 211 naM0 ke dohe meM 'rAmIha maNi ima bhaNai' vAkya dvArA apane ko usakA kartA sUcita kiyA hai| DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhye ne likhA hai ki 'eka prati kI sandhi meM bhI unakA nAma mAtra AyA hai| prastuta rAmasiMha yogIndu ke bahuta RNI haiM / unhoMne unake paramAtma prakAza se bahuta kucha liyA hai|' rAmasiMha rahasyavAda ke premI the| isI se unhoMne prAcIna granthakArIka padyoM kA upayoga kiyA hai| ve joindu aura hemacanda ke madhya hA rAmasiMha kA samaya dasavIM zatAbdI hai / kyoMki brahmadeva ne paramAtma prakAza kI TIkA meM usake kaI dohe uddhata kiye haiN| brahmadeva kA samaya vi0 kI 11vIM zatAbdI hai / ataH rAmasiMha 10 vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna hone caahiye| grantha kA pratipAdya viSaya adhyAtma cintana hai| prAtmAnubhUti aura sadAcaraNa ke binA karmakANDa vyartha hai| saccA sukha, indriya nigraha aura AtmadhyAna meM haiM / mokSamArga ke liye viSayoM kA parityAga karanA Avazyaka hai| binA usake deha meM sthita prAtmA ko nahIM jAnA jA sakatA / grantha meM rahasyavAda kA bhI saMketa milatA hai| kucha dohoM kA pAsvAda kiijiye| hattha prahahaM devalI bAlahaM NAhi paves / saMtuNiraMjaNu tahi vasai Nimmala hoi gavesu // 4 // sADhe tIna hAtha kA yaha choTA-sA zarIra rUpI mandira hai / mUrkha logoM kA usameM praveza nahIM ho sakatA. isI meM niraMjana (AtmA) vAsa karatA hai, nirmala hokara use khoj| appA bujhiu Nicca jai kevalaNANa shaau| tA para kijjai kAi vaDha taNa uppara anurAu // 22 // jaba kevala jJAna svabhAva prAtmA kA parijJAna ho gayA, phira yaha jIva dehAnurAga kyoM karatA hai ? dhaMdhai paDiyau sayala jagu, kammaI karai prayANu / mokkhahaM kAraNa ekku khaNu Na vi citai appANu // sArA saMsAra dhandhe meM par3A huA hai aura prajJAnavaza karma karatA hai, kintu mokSa ke lie apanI AtmA kA eka kSaNa bhI cintana nahIM krtaa| sappiM mukkI kaMculiya jaM visu taM Na mueha / bhoyahaM bhAu Na pariharai liMgaggahaNu karei // 15 jisa taraha sarpa kAMculI to chor3a detA hai, para viSa nahIM chodd'taa| usI taraha dravya liMgI muni veSa dhAraNa kara letA hai kintu bhoga-bhAva kA parihAra nahIM krtaa| appA milli vi jagatilau mUDha ma jhAyahi aNNu / ji maragau pariyA Niyau tahu ki kaccahu gaNNu // 72 1. (enyualariporTa mApha sAutha iNDiyana epigrAphI san 1934-523 pR0 7)

Page #276
242 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 jagatilaka prAtmA ko chor3akara he mUDha ! anya kisI kA dhyAna mata kara, jisane AtmajJAna rUpa mANikya pahicAna liyA, vaha kyA kAMca ko kucha ginatA hai| mar3hA deha ma rajjiyai deha Na appA hoi| dehaI bhiNNau NANamau so tahaM prappA joi||107|| he maDha ! deha meM gaga mata kara, deha AtmA nahI hai| deha se bhinna jo jJAnamaya hai usa AtmA ko tUM dekha / hali sahikAi karaIso dappaNa, jahi paDibimbu Na dosai appaNu / dhaMdhavAlu mo jagu paDihAsai, ghari acchaMtu Na gharavai dIsai // 122 he sakhi ! bhalA usa darpaNa kA kyA kare, jisameM apanA prativimba nahI dikhAI detaa| mujhe yaha jagatlajjAvAna pratibhAsita hotA hai, jisa ghara meM rahate hae bhI gahapati kA darzana nahI hotaa| titthaI tittha bhamehi vaDha dhoyau cammu jaleNa / eha maNa kimadhoesi tahuM mailau pAva maleNa // 163 // he markha ! tune tIrtha me tIrtha bhramaNa kiyA aura apane camar3e ko jala se dho liyA, para tU isa mana ko, jo pApa rUpI mala se malina hai, kaise dhoygaa| appA parahaM Na melayau pAvAgamaNu Na bhaggu / tusa kaMDaM tahaM kAlu gau taMdalu hatthi Na laggu // 185 na AtmA aura para kA mela huA aura na AvAgamana bhaga huaa| tuSa kRTate hue kAla bIta gayA kintu tandula (cAvala) hAtha na lgaa| puNNaNa hoi vihamro vihaveNa mano maeNa mai moho| mai moheNa ya NarayaM taM puNNaM amha ma hou / / pUNya se vibhava hotA hai, vibhava se mada, aura mada se matimoha, aura mati moha se naraka milatA hai| aisA puNya mujhe na ho| isa taraha yaha dohA pAhuDa bahuta sundara kRti hai / manana karane yogya hai / padmakoti yaha menasaMgha ke vidvAna candrasena ke ziSya mAdhavasena ke praziSya aura jinasena ke ziSya the| apabhra za bhASA ke vidvAna aura kavi the| inhone apanI guru paramparA meM inakA ullekha kiyA hai| inakI ekamAtra kRti 'pAsamAhacariu' hai| jisame 18 sandhiyA aura 315 kaDavaka haiN| jinameM tevIsave tIrthakara pArzvanAtha kA jIvanaparicaya akita kiyA gayA hai| kathAnaka prAcArya guNabhadra ke uttara purANa ke anusAra hai / grantha meM yAntrika chandoM ke atirikta pajjhaTikA, alillaha, pAdAkulika, madhudAra, sragviNI, dIpaka, somarAjI, prAmANikA, samAnikA aura bhujaMgaprayAta chandoM kA upayoga kiyA gayA hai| kavi ne pArzvanAtha ke vivAha kI carcA karate hae likhA hai ki pArzvanAtha ne tApasiyoM dvArA jalAI huI lakar3I se sarpa yugala ke nikalane para unheM namaskAra maMtra diyA, jisase ve donoM dharaNendra paura padmAvatI hue| isase pArzvanAtha ko vairAgya ho gyaa| tIrthakara svayaM buddha hote hai unheM vairAgya ke lie kisI ke upadezAdi kI AvazyakatA nahI hotii| kintu bAhya nimitta unake vairAgyopAdana meM nimitta avazya par3ate haiN| zvetAmbarIya vidvAna hemavijaya 1. suprasiddha mahAmai Niyamadhara, thiuseNa saghu vha mahihi vara / tahi cadameNu NAmeNa risI, vaya-saMjama-Niyamai jAsu kisii| tahA~ mIsu mahAmai giyamadhAri, raNayavaMtu guNAyaru baMbhayAri / siri mAhauseNa mahANubhAu, jiNaseNu sIsu puNa tAsu jAu / taho pubba saNeheM paumakitti, uppaNNU sIsu jiNu jAsu citti /

Page #277
navamI-dazavI zatAbdI ke AcArya 243 gaNI ne to neminAtha ke bhitti citroM ko pArzvanAtha ke vairAgya kA kAraNa likhA hai / digambara paramparA meM nAga ghaTanA ko vairAgya kA kAraNa likhA hai| isa mAnyatA meM koI saiddhAntika hAni nahI hai / vAdirAja ne pArzvanAtha ke vairAgya ko svAbhAvika batalAyA hai / pArzvanAtha ne vivAha nahI karAyA, unhe vairAgya ho gyaa| mUla Agama samavAyAga aura kalpasUtra meM bhI pArzvanAtha ke vivAha kA varNana nahI hai| unhe bAla brahmacArI prakaTa kiyA hai| kintu vAda ke zvetAmbarAcArya zIlAka, devabhadra aura hemacandra ne unhe vivAhita batalAyA hai / macandra ne 12 ve tIrthakara vAsupUjya ko bAlabrahmacArI prakaTa karate hue pArzvanAtha ko bhI avivAhita (brahmacArA) batalAyA hai / A0 zIlAka ne unhe 'caupanna purisacariu' meM dAraparigraha karane aura kucha kAla rAjya pAlana kara dIkSita hone kA ullekha kiyA hai / jabaki hemacandra ne bAlabrahmacArI likhA hai / eka hI granthakAra apane grantha meM eka sthAna para pArzvanAtha ko bAla brahmacArI likhe aura dUsarI jagaha unheM vivAhita likhe, ise samucita nahIM kahA jA sakatA / digambara paramparA ke sabhI granthakAroM ne - yativRSabha, guNabhadra, puSpadanta, vAdirAja yora pArzvakIrti Adi ne unheM vivAhita ho likhA hai / pArzvanAtha ke vairAgya kA kAraNa kucha bhI rahA ho, para unake vairAgya ko lokAntika devoM ne puSTa kiyA / pArzvanAtha ne dIkSA lekara ghora tapazcaraNa kiyaa| ve eka bAra bhramaNa karate hue uttara paMcAla deza kI rAjadhAnI ahicchatrapura ke bAhya udyAna meM pdhaare| doSa rahita, ve muni kAyAtsarga meM sthita ho gae, girIndra ke samAna ve dhyAna meM nizcala the / dhyAnAnala dvArA karma samUha ko dagdha karane kA prayatna karane lge| unake donoM hAtha nIce laTake hue the, unakI dRSTinAmAgra thI, ve samabhAva ke dhAraka the, unakA na kisI para ropa thA yAra na kisI paraneha, ve maNikacana ko dhUli ke samAna, sukha, dukha, zatru mitra ko bhI samAnabhAva me dekhate the| jaisA ki usake nimna padya se spaSTa hai tahi phAsU jouvi mahimaesa, thii kAzrasagge vigaya-dosu / kAla- pUriumaNimudi, thiu pravicala NAvas girivarad / pralaMbiya kara yalu bhANu dakkha, NAsA- sihari muNavaddha cakkha / sama-sattu - mitta-sama-rosa-tosa, kaMcaNa-rmANa pekkhai dhUli sarisu sama- sarisa pekkhai dukkha sokkha, vaMdiu Naravara para galai mokkha // / - pAmaNAhacariu 34-3 kamaTha kA jIva jo yakSendra huA thA vimAna dvArA kahI jA rahA thaa| vaha vimAna jaba pArzvanAtha ke Upara AyA, taba ruka gayA / vimAna rukane kA use bar3A Azcarya huA, vaha nIve zrAyA, taba usane pArzvanAtha ko dhyAnastha dekhA, unheM dekhate hI pUrva bhava ke bera ke kAraNa usane unheM dhyAna se vicalita karane kA upakrama kiyaa| parantu ve dhyAna meM avicala the, usame ve jarA bhI vicalita nahIM hue / taba usane ruTa hokara pArzvanAtha para ghora upasarga kiyA / jaba ve usase bhI vicalita nahI hue, taba usane atyanta ruSTa hokara bhayAnaka upasarga kiye, ghanaghora varSA kii| 2. dUttha pitRvacaH pAno'pyulladhayitu manIzvaraH / bhogyakarma kSapayitumudavAha prabhAvatIma || - tripaTizanArA purapacaritra parva lo0 210 3. triSaSTizalAkA puruSa carina parva loka 102 pR038 tathA 6 mallineMmipAvarati bhAvino'pi trayojinAH / jakRtodvAho'kRtarAjyaH prAbrajiSyanti muktaye / / tripaSTigalAvA purapa carita parva 4 103 pR0 38 4. tato kumArabhAvamagguvAliUNa kicikAla kayadAra pariggaho rAyagiri mnnuvaaliuurg...| 5. ghoru bhImu upasaggu karata ho, mIyalu satila - giyaru varisata ho / boliu mattaha rattiriNarataru, to viraNa asuraho maNuNimmaccharu / jiha jiha malila paDa gharaNa mukkau tiha tiha vadhi jiggida ho Tukkau to vigga cala citta taho dhIra ho, vAluvi ka i sAhi sarIra ho / jalulaghiu khadhi jirigaTa ho, AmA caliu nAma gharagada ho / - caupanna purimacariu pR0 104

Page #278
244 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 usane sAta rAtri taka nirantara varSA kii| jisase varSA kA pAnI pArzvanAtha ke kaMdho taka pahuMca gyaa| usI samaya dharaNidra kA pAsana kampAyamAna huA, usane bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kA upasarga jAnakara unakI rakSA ko| upasaga dUra hote hI bhagavAna ko kevalajJAna ho gayA ora indrAdika deva kevalajJAna kalyANaka kI pUjA karane aaye| kamaTha ke jIva usa saMvaradeva ne apane aparAdha kI kSamA mAMgI aura vaha unakI zaraNa meM paayaa| usa samaya jo anya tapasvI the ve bhI saba pAzrvanAtha kI zaraNa meM Akara samyaktva ko prApta hue| praphulla kumAra modI ne 'pAsArau' kI prastAvanA meM padmakIrti ke isa graMtha kA racanA kAla zaka saM0 REE batalAyA hai| jabaki granthakartA ne samaya ke sAtha zaka yA vikrama zabda kA prayoga nahIM kiyA, taba use zaka saMvata kaise samajha liyA gyaa| dUsare padmakIti ne apanI jo guru paramparA dI hai usameM candrasena, mAdhavasena, jinasena aura padmakIrti kA nAmollekha hai| grantha meM karnATaka mahArASTra bhASA ke zabdoM kA ullekha hone se unheM dAkSiNAtyaM mAna kara zaka saMvat kI kalpanA kara DAlI hai| hireAvalI ke lekha meM candraprabha aura mAdhavasena kA ullekha dekhakara tathA candraprabha ko candrasena mAna kara unake samaya kA nizcaya kiyA hai, jabaki usa lekha meM mAdhavasena ke ziSya jinasena kA koI ullekha nahIM hai| aisI sthiti meM padmakIti ke guru jinasena kA koI ullekha na hone para bhI ukta candraprabha hI candrasena aura jinasena ke praguru hoNge| yaha kalpanA kucha sagata naho kahI jA sakatI, aura na isa para se yaha phalita kiyA jA sakatA hai ki granthakatA padmakAti zaka saM0 66 ke grathakAra hai-isake lie kinhI anya prAmANika pramANA kI khAja Avazyaka hai naye pramANo ke anvapaNa hAna para naya pramANa sAmana prAyaga, una para se padma kAti kA samaya vikrama kA dazavA yA gyArahavIM zatAbdI nizcita hogaa| anantavIrya anantavIrya-jinakA maTola (bIjApura bambaI) ke zilAlekha meM nirdeza hai| yaha zilAlekha cAlukya jayasiMha dvitIya aura jagadekamalla prathama (I0 san 1024) ke samaya kA upalabdha huA hai| isameM kamala deva bhaTTAraka, vimukta vatIndra siddhAntadeva, praNNiya bhaTTAraka, prabhAcandra aura anantavIrya kA kramaza: ullekha hai| ye anantavIrya samasta zAstroM ke vizeSakara jainadarzana ke pAragAmI the / anantavIrya ke ziSya guNakIti siddhAnta bhaTTAraka aura devakIti paNDita the| ye saMbhavataH yApanIya saMgha aura sarasthagaNa ke the| kanakasena caMdrikAvATa senAnvaya ke vidvAna vIrasena ke ziSya the| yaha vorasena kumArasenAcArya ke saMgha ke sAdhuoM ke guru the| inakA samaya pI0 bI0 dezAI ne 890 I. batalAyA hai| aura kUmAramena kA samaya 860 I0 nidiSTa kiyA hai. cikArya ne mUlaguNDa meM eka jaina mandira banavAyA thaa| usake pUtra nAgArya ke choTe bhAI arasArya ne, jo nIti aura Agama meM kuzala thA, aura dAnAdi kAryoM meM udyukta tathA samyaktvI thaa| usane nagara ke vyApAriyoM kI sammati se eka hajAra pAna ke vRkSoM ke kheta ko mandiroM kI sevA ke liye kanakasena ko zaka saMvat0 824 san 103 I0 ko arpita kiyA thaa| ataeva ina kanakasena kA samaya IsA kI nauvIM zatAbdI kA upAntya aura dazavIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha hai| -(jaina lekha saMgraha bhA0 2 pR0 158) arhanandI aDDakaligaccha aura balahArigaNa ke siddhAnta pAra dRSTA sakalacandra siddhAnta muni ke ziSya appapoTi 1. jainijma ina sAutha iMDiyA pR0 105 2. jainijma ina mAutha iMDiyA, pI. vI. dezAI pR0 136

Page #279
navamI dazavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya 245 munIndra ke ziSya the / inheM zaka saM0 867 zukravAra ke dina (5 th December 645 A.D) pUrvIya cAlukya ammA dvitIya yA vijayAditya SaSTha kA jo cAlukya bhIma dvitIya vaMgI (vengi) ke rAjA kA putra aura uttarAdhikArI thA, aura jisane I0 san 670 (vi0 saM0 1027) taka rAjya kiyaa| yaha rAjA jainiyoM kA saMrakSaka thaa| mahilA cAmakAmba kI preraNA se, jo paTTavardhaka gharAne kI thii| aura arhanandI kI ziSyA thI, usa rAjA ne kalu cumbaru nAmakA eka grAma sarva lokAzraya jinabhavana ke hitArtha arhanandI ke pAda prakSAlana pUrvaka pradAna kiyaa| inakA samaya IsA kI 10voM zatAbdI hai| ___ dharmasenAcArya dharmasenAcArya-yaha candrikAvATa vaMza ke vidvAna the| inakA AcAra nirmala thA aura inakI bar3I khyAti thI / zrI e. epha. pAra0 hAnale ke dvArA prakAza meM lAI gaI paTTAvaliyoM meM se eka meM candrikapATa gaccha kA nirdeza kANUragaNa aura siMhasaMgha se sambandhita thaa| jaise hanasoga anvaya kA nAma hanasoga nAmaka sthAna se nisRta huA hai| usI taraha candrikAvATa bhI saMbhava hai kisI sthAna vizeSa kA nAma ho / desAI mahodaya kA sujhAva hai ki bIjApura jile ke sinda kI tAlluke meM jo vartamAna meM candrakavaTa nAmakA gAMva hai, yaha vahI ho sakatA hai| mUlagUNDa se prApta eka zilAlekha meM likhA hai ki vIrasena ke ziSya kanakasena sUri ke kara kamaloM meM eka bheMTa dI gaI / vIrasena candrikAvATa ke senAnvaya ke kumAramena ke mukhya ziSya the / saMbhava hai ve kumAramena vahI hoM, jinhoMne mUlaguNDa nAmaka sthAna para samAdhipUrvaka maraNa kiyA thaa| inakA samaya IsA kI havIM aura vikrama kI 10vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha ho sakatA hai| indranandI (zru tAvatAra ke kartA) prastuta indranandI ne apanA paricaya aura guru paramparA kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyaa| aura na samaya hI diyaa| zratAvatAra ke kartA rUpa se indranandI kA koI prAcIna ullekha bhI mere avalokana meM nahIM paayaa| aisI sthiti meM unake samaya-sambandha meM vicAra karane meM bar3I kaThinAI ho rahI haiN| unakI eka mAtra kRti 'zratAvatAra' hai, jo mUlarUpa meM mANikacandra granthamAlA se tattvAnu zAsanAdi saMgraha meM prakAzita ho cukA hai| jisameM saMskRta ke eka sau satAsI zloka haiN| unameM vIra rUpI himAcala se zrutagaMgA kA jo nirmala srota vahA hai vaha antima zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu taka avacchinna dhArA eka rUpa meM calI aayii| pazcAta dvAdazavarSIya bhikSAdi ke kAraNa mata-bheda rUpI caTTAna se TakarAkara vaha do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita hokara digambara-zvetAmbara nAma se prasiddha hai| digambara sampradAya meM jo thutAvatAra likhe gaye, unameM indra nandI kA tha tAvatAra adhika prasiddha hai| isameM do siddhAntAgamoM ke avatAra kI kathA dI gaI hai / jinapara anta ko dhavalA aura jayadhavalA nAmakI vistRta TIkAeM, jo 72 hajAra aura 60 hajAra zloka parimANa meM likhI gaI haiM, unakA paricaya diyA gayA hai| usake bAda kI paramparA kA koI ullekha taka nahIM hai| prastuta indranandI vikrama kI 10 vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna haiM / aisA merA anumAna hai / vidvAn vicAra kreN| 1. ahukali-gaccha-nAmA, balahArigaNa pratIta vikhyAta yazAH / siddhAnta pAradRzvA prakaTita guNa sakalacandra siddhAnta muniH / tacchiSyo guNavAn prabhuramita yazAssumati rappapoTi munIndraH / / tacchiSyArhanandyaGkitavara mUnaye cAmekAmbA subhaktyA / zrImacchI sarvalokAzraya jinabhavanakhyAta santrArthamucca // bveGginAthAmmarAje kSitibhRtikalucumbaru sugrAmamiSTaM / santuSTA dApayitvA budhajana vinutAM yatra jagrAha kIrti / -jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 3 kalucumbaru lekha pR0 182 2. dekho cAmuNDarAya purANa padya 14

Page #280
adhyAya 4 11vIM aura 12vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAn prAcArya ahanandi padmasenAcArya dharmasenAcArya vimalasena paMDita vAdirAja sAgarasena saiddhAntika divAkaranandi siddhAntadeva indrasena bhaTTAraka durgadeva (riSTasamuccaya ke kartA) prAcArya mANikyanandI mahAkavi puSpa danna nayanandI kaviDaDDhA (saMskRta paMcasaMgraha ke kartA, prabhAcandra (prameyakamalamArtaNDakartA) paMDita pravacanaptena vIrasena (mAthurasaMgha) zAntinAtha devasena indra kIti nemiSeNa gaNasena paMDita (neyAyika aura yAkaraNa) mAdhavasena gopanandI zAntideva amitagati (dvitIya) vAsavanandI brahma hemacandra (zrutaskandha ke kartA) vIranandI siddhAnta cakravartI (candraprabhacaritra ke kartA, padmanandi (tintriNI gaccha) nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI (gomnaTa sAra ke kartA) kanakasena (dvitIya) prAryasena narendrasena prathama mahAsena narendra sena (dvitIya) cAmuNDarAya (cAmuNDarAya purANa ke kartA) jinasena mahAkavi vIra (jambU svAmIcaritra ke kartA) nayasena pAnandI (jaMbadvIpa paNNattI ke kartA) malliSeNa kavi dhavala (harivaMza purANa kartA) zrIkumAra kavi (Atma prabodha ke kartA) jayakIti (chandonuzAsana ke kartA) aGkadeva bhaTTAraka brahmasena pratipa guNakIti siddhAntadeva muni zrIcandra devakIti paMDita (anantavIrya zipya) kezirAja govarddhana deva vRSabhanandI 246

Page #281
gyArahavIM aura bArahavI zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 247 dAmanandI (kumAra kItiziSya) dAmanandi bhaTTAraka dAmanandA (muni pUrNacanda ziSya) bhUpAla kavi (caturvizatikA ke kartA dAmarAja kavi kAnti (kaviyatrI) prAcArya zubhacandra (jJAnArNava ke kartA) indrakIti kezavanandi (meghanandi ziSya) kulacandra muni (paramAnanda si0 ke ziSya) kotivarmA munipadmasiMha (gANasAra ke kartA) padmanandi maladhAri zrutakIrti kavi dhanapAla (bhaviSyadatta kathA) jayasena (lADavAgaDasaMgha) vAgbhaTa (neminirvANakAvya ke kartA) harisiMha muni haMsa siddhAnta deva harSanandI mahA muni hemasena bhAvasena (gopasena ziSya) vIrasena haricandra (dharmazarmAbhyudaya ke kartA) brahmadeva (dravyasaMgraha vRtti) tribhuvanacandra rAmasena (mUlasaMgha senagaNa) dayApAlamuni (rUpasiddhi ke kartA) jayasena (dharmaratnAkara ke kartA) bAhubalI prAcArya mAdhavacanda vidya (trilokasAra ke TIkAkAra) padmanandi (paMcaviMzatikA ke kartA) padmaprabhamaladhArideva (niyamasAra vRtti kartA) dAmanandi vidya kulacandramunIndra kulacanda muni (dvitIya) prAcaNNa brahmaziva bAlacanda adhyAtmI rAjAditya kIrtivarmA boppaNa paMDita vIranandI (AcArasAra ke kartA) gaNadhAkoti (dhyAnavidhi ke TIkAkAra) bhaTTavosari (prAyajJAna tilaka ke kartA) nAgacandra (abhinava pampa) guNabhadra karNapArya zrutakIti (paMca vastu ke kartA) vRttivilAsa chatra sena saM0 1166 sAgaranandI siddhAntadeva pahanandi (mAghanandi si0 deva ke ziSya) mAilla zvala (nayacakra kartA) kumudacandra (kalyANa maMdira stotrakartA) zrIcandra (kathAkoza kartA) candrakIti (zruta vindu ke kartA) candrakIti nAma ke dUsare vidvAna candrakIti (tribhuvana kIti ziSya) candrakIti (bha0 zrIbhUSaNa ziSya) mAdyanandi siddhAntadeva devakIti gaNDa vimakta siddhAntadeva (mAghanandi si0 ke ziSya) maNikyanandI mAdhavacanda maladhAri (amRtacandra dvi0 ke guru) guNabhadrAcArya (dhanyakumAra carita ke kartA) mAdhavacandavatI (devakIti ziSya) mAdhavacandra (zubhacandra siddhAntadeva ziSya) vasunandi saiddhAntika narendra kIti vidya tribhuvana malla

Page #282
240 munikanakAmara (karakaNDu cariu) kavi zrIdhara (pAzrvanAtha caritrakartA amRtacanda dvitIya malliSeNa maladhAri lakSmaNadeva laghu ananta vIrya (prameya ratnamAlAkAra) bAlacanda siddhAntadeva prabhAcandra (meghacandra vaividha ziSya) mAdhavasena nAma ke anya vidvAna vIrasena paMDitadeva narendrasena (siddhAntasAra ke kartA) kavi siddha va siMha (pajjuNNacariu ke kartA) padmanandivatI (ekatva saptati ke kanaDI TIkAkAra) girikoti (gommaTasAra paMjikA ke kartA) jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 meghacanda vidyadeva zAntiSeNa amarasena zrISaNa nemicandra zrIdhara (gaNita sArakartA) vAsavacandra munIndra devendra muni nayakoti muni mANikyasena paMDita mahAsena paMDitadeva prabhAcandra (bAlacandra ziSya) prabhAcandra (meghacandra vidya ziSya) prabhAcandra vidya rAmacandra muni ziSya

Page #283
kanakanandI gommaTa sAra ke kartA nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI ne apane eka guru kA nAma kanakanandI likhA hai| aura batalAyA hai ki unhone indranandI ke pAsa sakala siddhAnta ko sunakara 'satvasthAna' kI racanA kI hai yathA vara iMdaNaMdI guruNo pAse soUNa sayala siddhataM / siri kaNayaNaMdI guruNA sattuTThANaM samuddiDheM / / / yaha satvasthAna grantha 'vistara satva vibhagI' ke nAma se ArA jaina siddhAnta bhavana meM maujUda hai| jisake noTa muntAra thI jugalakizora jI ne liye the| premI jI ne kanakanandI ko bhI abhayanandI kA zipya batalAyA hai jo ThIka nahI jAna par3atA, kyoki nemicandra ne svaya unhe indranandI se sakala siddhAnta kA jJAna karanA likhA hai| isa kAraNa ve indranandI ke ziSya the| nemicandrAcArya ne gommaTasAra karmakANDa meM ukta satvasthAna kI 358 se 367 veM taka 40 gAthAe dI hai| jabaki pArA bhavana kI prati meM48 yA 46 gAthAeM pAI jAtI hai / gommaTasAra me ve pATha gAthAe nahI dI gii| isase kanakanandI kA samaya bhI 10vI zatAbdI kA antima bhAga aura gyArahavI kA prArambha ho sakatA hai / anta kI gAthA me kanakanandI kA bhI siddhAnta cakravartI honA pAyA jAtA hai| vAdirAja vAdirAja-dramila yA draviDasaMgha ke vidvAna the| draviDasaMghastha nandisaMgha kI aruMgala zAkhA ke prAcArya the| aruMgala kisI sthAna yA grAma kA nAma hai usakI muniparamparA aruMgalAnvaya nAma se prasiddha huI / SaTtarkaSaNmukha, syAdvAdavidyApati aura jagadekamalla inakI upAdhiyAM haiN| vAdirAja zrIpAladeva ke praziSya, matisAgara ke zipya aura rUpasiddhi (zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa kI TIkA) ke kartA dayApAla muni ke matIrtha tathA gurubhAI the / vAdirAja unakA mvaya nAma nahI haiM kintu eka padavI hai, kintu usakA pracAra adhika hone ke kAraNa vaha mUla nAma ke rUpa meM pracalita huI jAna par3atI hai / mUla nAma kucha aura hI rahA hogaa| caulukya nareza jayasiha deva kI sabhA meM inakA bar3A sammAna thA / aura prakhyAta vAdiyoM meM inakI gaNanA thii| mallipeNa' prazasti ke anusAra ye rAjA jayasiha dvArA pUjita the (mihamama> pITa bigava ) aura unheM mahAn vAdI, 1. dekho jaina mAhitya aura itihAsa pa0 266 2. purAtana jaina vAkya sUcI kI prastAvanA pR073 3 hitapiNA yasya naNAmadattavAcA nibaddhA hitruupmiddhiH| vandyo dayApAla muniH sa vAcA siddhamsatAmmUrddhani yaH prabhAvaiH / / yasya zrI matimAgage gurugmo caJcadyazazcandra sraH? zrImAnyasya sa vAdirAja gaNamatsa brahmacArI vibhoH / eko'tIva kRtI sa eva hi dayApAlavatI yammanamyAmtAmanya-parigraha-graha kathA sve vignahaM vigrahaH // -malli0 pra0 jainale. bhA0110 108 4. zrImatmiha mahIpateH paripadi pragyAta vAdonnati starka nyAyatamo pahodayagiri. sArasvata. zrInidhiH / zipya zrImatisAgarasya viduSAM patyustapaH zrIbhRtAM, bhatta: sihapurezvaro vijayate syAdvAdavidyA patiH // 5 nyAya vi0pra0 5. malliSeNa prazasti zaka saM0 1050 (vi0 saM01185) meM utkIrNa kI gaI hai| 246

Page #284
250 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 vijetA aura kavi pragaTa kiyA hai| jaryAsaha (prathama) dakSiNa ke caulukya yA solaMkI vaMza ke rAjA the| inake rAjya kAla ke 30 se adhika zilAlekha aura dAna patra Adi mila cuke haiN| jinameM pahalA lekha zak saM0 638 kA hai aura antima zaka saM0 664 kaa| ataH 638 se 664 taka inakA rAjya kAla nizcita hai| inake zaka saM0 645 pauSavadI doija ke eka lekha meM unheM bhojarUpa kamala ke liye candra / rAjendra cola (parakesarIvarmA) rUpa hAthI ke liye siha, mAlave kI sammilita senA ko parAjita karane vAlA aura cera-cola rAjAnoM ko daNDa dene vAlA likhA hai| vAdirAja ne pArzvanAtha carita kI prazasti meM apane dAdA guru zrIpAladeva ko "siMhapuraikamukhya" likhA hai| aura nyAya vinizcaya kI prazasti meM apane Apako bhI "siMhapurezvara' prakaTa kiyA hai| jisase spaSTa hai ki yaha siMhapura ke svAmI the-inheM siMhapura jAgIra meM milA huA thaa| zaka saM0 1047 meM utkIrNa zravaNa belagola ke 493 nambara ke zilAlekha meM vAdirAja kI hI zipya paramparA ke zrIpAla vidyadeva ko jina mandiroM ke jIrNoddhAra aura RSiyoM ko AhAra dAna ke hetu hoysala rAjA viSNuvarddhana poysala deva dvArA 'zalya' nAma kA gAMva dAna svarUpa dene kA varNana hai / aura 465 nambara ke zilAlekha meM-jo zaka saM0 1122 meM aMkita huA, usameM SaDdarzana ke adhyetA zrIpAla deva ke svargavAsa ho jAne para unake zipya vAdirAja (dvitIya) ne 'paravadimalla-jinAlaya' banavAyA aura unake pUjana tathA muniyoM ke prAhAradAnArtha kala bhami kA dAna diyA / ina uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki vAdirAja kI zipya paramparA maThAdhIzoM kI paramparA thii| jisameM dAna lene aura dene kI vyavasthA thii| ve svayaM dAna lete the, jina mandira nirmANa karAte the, unakA jIrNoddhAra karAte the aura anya muniyoM ke pAhAra dAnAdi kI vyavasthA bhI karate the| ve rAja darabAroM meM jAte the, aura vAdavivAda meM vijaya prApta karate the| devasena ne darzanasAra meM likhA hai ki draviDa saMgha ke mani, kaccha, kheta vasati (mandira) aura vANijya se AjIvikA karate the / tathA zItala jala se snAna karate the / isI kAraNa usameM drAviDa saMgha ko jainAbhAsa kahA gayA hai| vAdirAja ne pArzvanAtha carita siMhacakrezvara yA caulukya cakravartI jayasiMha deva kI rAjadhAnI meM rahate hue zaka saM0 647 kI kArtika sudI 3 ko banAyA thA / jayasiMha deva usa samaya rAjya kara rahe the| usa samaya yaha rAjadhAnI lakSmI kA nivAsa aura sarasvatI devI kI janma bhUmi thii| yazodhara carita ke tRtIya sarga ke 85 veM padya meM aura cauthe sarga ke upAntya padya meM mahArAjA jayasiha kA ullekha kiyA hai| jisase yazodhara carita kI racanA bhI jayasiMha ke samaya meM huI hai| 1. trailokya dIpikA vANI dvAbhyAmevodagAdiha / jinarAjata ekasmAdekasmAdvAdigajataH // 50 aruddhAmbara mindu-bimba-racitItsukyAM sadA yadyaza-chatraM vAka camarI jarAjirucayo'bhyarga ca yatkarNayoH , sevyaHsiha samaya'-pITha-vibhavaH sarvapravAdi prajA-dattocarjayakAra-sAra-mahimA zrIvAdirAjo vidAm / / -41 malliperaNa prazasti pR0 108 2. ima sAdhu paramparA meM vAdirAja aura zrIpAla deva nAma ke kaI vidvAna ho gae hai| ye vAdirAja dvitIya hai, jo gaga nareza rAcamalla caturtha yA satyavAkya ke guru the| 3. kacchaM khettaM vasadi vANijjaM kAriUNa jiivNto| __Nhato sIyalaNIre pAvaM pauraM sa saMjedi // 26 // 4. zAkAbde nagavAdhirandhragaNane saMvatsarekrodhane, mAse kArtikanAmnibuddhimahite zuddha tRtIyAdine / sihe yAti jayAdi ke vasumatIMjanIkatheyaM mayA, niSpattiM gamitA satI bhavatu vaH kalyANa niSpattiye / pA0 ca0 pra0 5. 'vyAtanvajjayasiMhatA raNamukhe dIrgha dadhau dhAriNIm / 6. 'raNamukha jayasiMho rAjyalakSmI babhAra /

Page #285
yArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya vAdirAja sUri kI nimna pAMca kRtiyA~ upalabdha haiM, jinakA saMkSita paricaya nimna prakAra haipArzvanAtha carita - yaha 12 sargAtmaka kAvya hai, jo mANikacandra granthamAlA meM prakAzita ho cukA hai / isameM aneka pUrvavartI kaviyoM kA ullekha hai / yazodhara carita - yaha cAra sargAtmaka eka choTA-sA khaNDa kAvya hai / jisake padyoM kI saMkhyA 266 hai / aura jise taMjaura ke sva0 TI0 esa0 kuppusvAmI zAstrI ne prakAzita kiyA thA / ekIbhAvastotra - yaha paccIsa zlokoM kA sundara stavana hai, aura jo ekIbhAvaM gata iva mayA se prAraMbha huA hai / stotra bhakti ke rasa se bharA huA hai aura nitya paThanIya hai| nyAya vinizcaya vivaraNa - yaha akalaMka deva ke 'nyAya vinizcaya' kA bhASya hai / jaina nyAya ke prasiddha granthoM meM isakI gaNanA hai / isakI zloka saMkhyA bIsa hajAra hai / yaha paM0 mahendra kumAra jI nyAyAcArya ke dvArA sampAdita hokara bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzI se prakAzita ho cukA hai / pratyakSa, parokSa zraura pramANa nirNaya - yaha pramANa zAstra kA laghukAya svataMtra grantha hai / isameM pramANa, Agama nAma ke cAra adhyAya haiM / mANikacandra granthamAlA se mUla rUpa meM prakAzita ho cukA hai / adhyAtmASTaka - yaha prATha padyoM kA stotra hai, mANika candra granthamAlA se prakAzita hai / para nizcayataH yaha kahanA zakya nahI hai ki yaha racanA inhIM vAdirAja kI hai yA anya kI / trailokyadIpikA - nAma kA eka grantha bhI vAdirAja kA honA caahiye| jisakA ullekha malliSeNa prazasti ke - ' trailokya - dIpikA vANI' pada se jJAta hotA hai| zraddheya premI jI ne apane vAdirAja vAle lekha meM likhA hai ki svargIya seTha mANikacandra jI ke saMgraha meM " trailokya dIpikA" nAmakA kA eka apUrNa grantha hai / jisake Adi ke dasa aura anta ke 58 vaM patra se Age ke patra nhiiN| saMbhava hai yahI vAdirAja kI racanA ho / 251 divAkaranandI siddhAntadeva yaha bhaTTAraka candrakIti ke pradhAna ziSya the / siddhAntazAstra ke acche vidvAn the aura vastu tattva kA pratipAdana karane meM nipuNa the / inhoMne tattvArtha sUtra kI kannar3a bhASA meM aisI vRtti banAI thI, jo mUrkho, bAlakoM tathA vidvAnoM ke avabodha karAne vAlI thii| inake eka gRhastha ziSya paTTaNasvAmo nokayyaseTTi the inhoMne eka tIrthad sadi (mandira) kA nirmANa karAyA thA aura vIra sAntara ke jyeSTha putra tailaha deva ne, jo bhujabala -sAntara nAma se khyAta the| rAjA hokara unhoMne paTTaNasvAmI kI vasadi ke liye dAna diyA thA / divAkara nandI ko siddhAnta ratnAkara kahA jAtA thaa| inake ziSya munisakalacandra the / isa lekha meM kAla nahIM diyA / yaha lekha hummaca meM sUle vastI ke sAmane ke mAnastambha para utkIrNa hai / isakA samaya 1077 I0 ke lagabhaga batalAyA gayA hai' / hummaca ke eka dUsare 167 naM0 ke lekha meM, jisameM paTTaNa svAmi nokayya seTTi ke dvArA nirmita paTTaNa svAmi jinAlaya ko zaka varSa 84 (san 1062) ke zubhakRta saMvatsara meM kArtika sudi paMcamI AdityavAra ko sarvavAdhA rahita dAna diyA / vIrasAntara deva ko sone ke sau gadyANabheMTa karane para molakere kA dAna milaa| mAhura meM usane pratimA ko ratnoM se mar3a diyA aura usake pAsa sonA, cAMdI, mUgA Adi ratnoM kI aura paMca dhAtu kI pratimAe~ virAjamAna kI / paTTaNa svAmi nokayyaseTTi ne zAntagere, molakere, paTTaNasvAmigere aura kukkuDa valli ke tale viNDe gere ye saba tAlAba banavAye, aura sau gadyANa dekara ugure nadI kA saulaMga ke pAgimagala tAlAba meM praveza karAyA / yaha lekha divAkara nandi ke ziSya sakalacaMda paNDita deva ke gRhastha ziSya mallinAtha ne likhA thA ' / trailokyamalla vIra sAntara deva jaina dharma kA zraddhAlu rAjA thaa| kyoMki isane pomburca meM bahuta se jinamandira banavAye the / isakI dharma patnI cAmala devI ne nokiyabbe vasadi ke sAmane 'makaratoraNa' banavAyA thA / aura 1. dekho (jaina lekha saM0 bhAga, 2 pR0 277-281 ) 2. jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 2 pR0 237 - 241 )

Page #286
252 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 balligAve meM cAmezvara nAma kA mandira banavAyA thA aura brAhmaNoM kA dAna diyA thaa| -jaina lekha saM0 bhA 2 pR0 241-245) lekha naM0 198 durgadeva durgadeva-yaha saMyamasena ke ziSya the, jinakI buddhi SaTdarzanoM ke abhyAsa se tarkamaya ho gaI thI, jo paMcAMga tathA zabda zAstra meM kuzala the, samasta rAjanIti meM nipuNa the| vAdi gajoM ke liye siMha the, aura siddhAnta samudra ke pAra ko pahu~ce hue the| unhIM kI AjJA se yaha grantha 'maraNa karaNDikA' Adi aneka prAcIna granthoM kA upayoga karake 'riSTa sacamuccaya' grantha tIna dina meM racA gayA hai / aura jo vikrama saMvat 1086 kI zrAvaNa zuklA ekAdazI ko mUla nakSatra ke samaya zrI nivAsa rAjA ke rAjya kAla meM kumbhanagara ke zAntinAtha mandira meM samApta huA hai| ne ko desajaI (dezayati) batalAyA hai / isase ve aSTa mUla guNasahita zrAvaka ke bAra oN se bhUSita athavA kSullaka sAdhu ke rUpa meM pratiSThita hue jAna par3ate haiN| inhoMne apane guruoM meM saMyamasena aura mAdhavacandra kA nAmollekha kiyA hai / para unake sambandha meM vizeSa prakAza nahIM ddaalaa| yaha grantha mRtyu vijJAna se sambandha rakhatA hai / isameM 261 prAkRta gAthAoM meM aneka piNDastha, padasthAdi - tathA rUpasthAdi cinhoM-lakSaNoM, ghaTanAoM evaM nimittoM ke dvArA mRtyu ko pahale jAna lene kI kalA kA nirdeza hai| __ inakI dUsarI racanA ardha kANDa hai, jo 144 gAthAoM meM nibaddha hai, aura jo vastuoM kI mandI-tejI jAnane ke vijJAna ko lie hue eka acchA mahatva kA grantha hai / yaha grantha mere pAsa thA, DaoN0 nemicandra jyotipaprAcArya ne magAyA thaa| vaha unake pAsa se kahIM kho gayA / ataH bhaNDAroM meM usakI khoja karanI caahie| tIsarI racanA 'mantra mahodadhi' kA ullekha vahata TippaNi kA meM-'mantra mahodadhi prA0 digaMbara zrI durgadeva kRta gA0 36" rUpa se milatA hai mahAkavi puSpadanta kavi puSpadanta apane samaya ke prasiddha vidvAn kavi the| unhoMne uttarapurANa ke anta meM apanA paricaya nimna prakAra diyA hai,-siddhi vilAsinI ke manohara dUta, mugdhAdevI ke zarIra se saMbhUta, nirdhanoM aura dhaniyoM ko eka daSTi se dekhane vAle, sAre jIvoM ke akAraNamitra, zabda salila se jinakA kAvya-srota bar3hA huA hai, kezava ke patra, kAzyapa gotrI, sarasvatI vilAsI, sUne par3e hue gharoM aura deva kulikAoM meM rahane vAle, kali ke pravala pApapaTaloM se rahita, ve gharabAra, putra-kalatrahIna, nadiyoM vApikAoM aura sarovaroM meM snAna karane vAle, purAne vastra aura balkala pahinane vAle, dhUla-dhUsarita aMga, durjanoM ke saMga se dUra rahane vAle, jamIna para sone vAle aura apane hI hAthoM ko pror3hane vAle, paNDita-paNDita maraNa kI pratIkSA karane vAle mAnyakheTa nagaravAsI, manameM arahaMtadeva kA dhyAna 1. jo chaddasaNa-takka-takkiya yamaM paMcaMga saddAgarma / jogI sesamahIsa nIti kumalo vAibbha kNtthiirvo| jo siddhaMta mapAratI (NI) rasuNihI tIre vi pAraMgao, so devo siri saMjamAi muriNavo AmI iha bhUtale // 257 saMjAmo iha tasma cAru cariyo pAraNaM budhoyaM maI, sIso desa jaI saMvohaNa paro viisernn-buddhaagmo| NAmeNaM siri dugadeva-viio vAgIsarA yannao, teraNedaM radayaM vimuddha maiNA satthaM mahatthaM phuDaM // 258 X X X saMvacchara iga mahase bolINaM Navaya sIi-saMjutte (1086) sAvaNa-sukke yArasi diyahammi mUla rikvammi // 260 siri kubhAyara radae lacchiriNavAsa-riNavai-rajjammi / siri saMtiNAha bhavaNe muzibhaviyassa ubhe ramme (?) // 261

Page #287
gyArahavIM aura bArahavI zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 253 karane vAle, bharatamantrI dvArA sammAnita, apane kAvya prabandha se logo ko pulakita karane vAle, dho DAlA hai pAparUpa kIcar3a jisane aise abhimAna meru puSpadanta ne jinabhakti pUrvaka krAdhana navanmara me mahApurANa kI racanA kI puSpadanta ke pitA kA nAma kezavabhaTTa aura mAtA kA nAma mugdhAdevI thA / yaha kAzyapa gotrI brAhmaNa the / inakA zarIra atyanta kRza ( dubalA-patalA ) aura varNa sAMvalA thaa| yaha pahale zeva matAnuyAyI the / kintu bAda meM kisI digaMbara vidvAn ke sAnidhya se jainadharma kA pAlana karane lage the / ve jainadharma ke bar3e zraddhAlu ora apanI kAvya kalA se bhavyoM ke citta ko anurajita karane vAle the / jainadharma ke siddhAntoM aura brAhmaNa dharma ke siddhAntoM ke viziSTa vidvAna the / prAkRta, saMskRta aura apabhraMza bhASA ke mahApaNDita the| inakA apabhraMza bhASA para asAdhAraNa adhikAra thaa| unakI kRtiyAM unake viziSTa vidvAn hone kI spaSTa sUcanA karatI hai| kavivara bar3e svAbhimAnI aura ugra prakRti ke dhAraka the| isa kAraNa ve abhimAna meru, kahalAte the| abhimAna meru abhimAna cinha' kAvya ratnAkara" kavi-kula- tilaka aura marasvatI nilaya tathA kavi pizAca' Adi unakI upAdhiyA thii| jinakA upayoga unhoMne apane granthoM meM svaya kiyA hai| isase unake vyaktitva aura pratiSThA kA sahaja hI anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai| sarasvatI ke vilAsI aura svAbhAvika kAvya-kalA ke premI the| inakI kAvya-zakti apUrva zraura Azcaryajanaka thI / ve nimsaMga the, unakI nissaMgatA kA paricaya mahAmAtya bharata ke prati kahe gae nimna vAkyoM se spaSTa ho jAtA hai / ve mantrI bharata se kahate hai ki maiM dhana ko tinake ke samAna ginatA hUM / mai ume nahI letA / maiM to kevala akAraNa prema kA bhUkhA huuN| aura isI se tumhAre mahala meM huuN| merI kavitA to jinacaraNoM kI bhakti se hI skurAyamAna hotI hai, jIvikA nirvAha ke khyAla se nahIM / 1 1 puSpadanta bar3e bhArI sAmrAjya ke mahAmAtya bharata dvArA sammAnita the / bharata rASTrakUTa rAjAoM ke antima samrAT kRSNa tRtIya ke mahAmAtya the / kavi ne unheM 'mahayatta vaMsadhaya vaha gahI likhA hai| bharata mAnavatA ke hAmI, vidvAnoM ke premI aura kavi ke prAzraya dAtA the / ve unake punIta vyavahAra me unake mahaloM meM nivAsa karate the / yaha saba unakI dharma vatsalatA kA prabhAva hai jo ukta kavi se mahApurANa jaimA mahAn grantha nirmANa karAne meM samartha ho sake / bharata mantrI ke divaMgata ho jAne ke bAda bhI kavi unake suputra nanna ke mahala meM bhI rahe aura nAgakumAra carita yazodhara carita kI racanA kii| uttara purANa ke saMkSipta paricaya para me jJAta hotA hai ki ve bar3e nispRha aura alipta the, aura deha-bhogoM se sadA udAsIna rahate the / kavi ke uccatama jIvana No se unakI nirmala bhadra prakRti, nissagatA aura aliptatA kA vaha citrapaTa hRdaya paTala para akita hue binA nahIM rhtaa| unakI isa kicana vRtti kA mahA mAnya bharata para bhI prabhAva par3A hai| dehabhogI kI praliptanA unake jIvana kI mahattA kA sabase bar3A sabUta hai / yadyapi ve sAdhu nahI the, kintu unakI nirIha bhAvanA isa vAnakI sadyotaka hai ki unakA jIvana eka mAdhu se kama bhI nahI thA ve spaSTavAdI the aura ahkAra kI bhISaNatA me sadA dUra rahate the, parantu svAbhimAna kA parityAga karanA unheM kisI taraha bhI iSTa nahI thaa| itanA hI nahIM kintu ve apamAna se mRtyu ko adhika zreSTha samajhate the / kavi kA samaya 1. dekho, uttara purANa prazasti 2. kasaraNa marIraM mukuruve muddhAvi gabha mabhUve / ' uttara pu0 prazasti 3. (ka) na suragevi bhaNai ahimAgamera / ' mahApu0 ma0 1-3-12 (gva) ho madiri Nivasatu satu, ahimANa me guggugaNa mahatu // - nAga ku0 ca0 1, 2, 2 4. vaya saMjutti utta masatti viyaliya maki ahigAraka || jasaharaca0 5-31 5. bho bho kesava taraha gAvasara ruha muha babba rayaNa rayaNAyaka / 6. ta muvi bharahe vRtta tAva, yo kakulatilaya vimuktagAva 7. jiraNa caraNa kamala bhattillaeraNa, tA japiTa kavva sarala eraNa / 8. dhaNa taraNamamu majdana, raNa taM gahaNa, gohu pikArimu ucchami / devi sua sudarigahi teNa hau lie tuhAra e accchami // 20, uttarapu0 C. majbhukaitaNu jiraNa paya bhattihe, pamarai u giya jIviya vittihe-- uttarapu0 mahA pu0 1-8-1 mahApU0 1,8,8

Page #288
254 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 vikrama kI dazavI dAtAbdI kA antima bhAga aura 11vI zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha hai / kyoMki unhoMne apanA mahApurANa siddhArtha savatsara zaka saM881 meM prArambha kiyA thaa| usa samaya melapATI yA melADi meM kRSNarAja maujUda the| taba puSpadanta melapATI meM mahAmAtya bharata se mile aura unake atithi hue aura unhoMne usI varSa meM mahApurANa zuru kara use zaka saM0 887 (san 665) vi0 saM0 1022 meM samApta kiyA / samaya vicAra mahAkavi puSpadanta varAra prAnta ke nivAsI the / kyoM ki unakI racanA meM mahArASTra bhASA ke aneka zabda pAye jAte hai| jinakA upayoga usI deza meM hotA hai| paM0 nAthUrAma jI premI ne likhA hai ki ga0 vA0 tagAre ema.e. bI. TI. nAma ke vidvAn ne puSpadanta ko marAThI bhASA kA mahAkavi likhA hai| prora unakI racanAoM meM se aise bahuta se zabda cunakara batalAyeM haiM, jo prAcIna marAThI bhASA se milate julate haiM / mArkaNDeya ne apane 'prAkRta sarvasva ' meM apabhraMza bhASA ke nAgara, upanAgara aura brAcaTa tIna bheda kiye hai| inameM brAcaTa ko lATa (gujarAta) aura vidarbha ( varAra) kI bhASA batalAyA hai| isase puSpadatta ke granthoM kI bhASA vAcaTa honI cAhiye / puSpadanta ke samakAlIna rASTrakUTavaMza ke rAjA kRSNa tRtIya hai / kavi puSpadanta ne svayaM apane grantha ke prArambha ke samaya tIsare kaDavaka meM kRSNa rAja tRtIya kA melapATI meM rahane kA ullekha kiyA hai ora use coDa deza ke rAjA kA zira tor3ane vAlA likhA hai uvaddha jUD bhUbhaMgabhIsu toDe ppiNu coDaho taNausIsu / bhukkarAma rAyAhirAu, jahizracchai tuDiMgu mahANubhAu / taM daNadiNNadhaNa kaNaya payara, mahi pari bhamaMtu mepADiNyaru || ve mahApratApI sArvabhauma rajA the| inake pUrvajoM kA sAmrAjya uttara meM narvadA nadI se lekara dakSiNa meM maisUra taka phailA huA thaa| jisameM sArA gujarAta, marAThI ma0 pra0 aura nijAma rAjya zAmila thA / mAlavA aura bundelakhaNDa bhI unake prabhAva kSetra meM the| isa vistRta sAmrAjya ko kRSNa tRtIya ne aura bhI adhika bar3hAyA aura dakSiNa kA sArA antarIpa bhI apane adhikAra meM kara liyA thaa| unhoMne lagabhaga 30 varSa rAjya kiyA hai / ve zaka ma0 861 ke Asa-pAsa gaddI para baiThe hoNge| ve kumAra avasthA meM apane pitA ke jIte jI rAjya kArya saMbhAlane lage the / puSpadantazaka saM0881 meM inhIM ke rAjya meM melapATI pahuce the grAra se rAjA kRSNa kI mRtyu ke bAda bhI vahAM rahe hai / kyoMki dhArA nareza harSadeva ne khoTTiga deva kI rAjyalakSmI ko lUTa liyA thaa| dhanapAla ne apanI 'pAyalacchI nAma mAlA' meM likhA hai ki vi0 saM0 1029 meM mAlava narendra ne mAnyaveTa ko lUTA isakA samarthana udayapura ( gvAliyara) ke zilAlekha meM akita paramAra rAjAoM kI prazasti se bhI hotA hai / melapATI ke lUTe jAne para puSpadanta ko bhI usakA bar3A kheda huA ora unhoMne bhI usakA ullekha nimna padya meM kiyA hai dInAnAtha dhanaM sadAbahujanaM protphullavallIvanaM / mAnyakheTapuraM puradarapurI lIlAharaM sundaram / dhArAnAtha narendra kopa-zikhinA dagdhaMvidagdha priyaM / vedAnoM varsAtakariSyati punaH zrI puSpadantaH kaviH // zaka saM0 864 meM mAnyakheTa ke lUTa liye jAne ke bAda bhI puSpadanta vahAM rahe haiM / kavi kA jasahacariu usa samaya samApta huA jaba mAnya seTa lUTA jA cukA thA / isase spaSTa hai ki zaka maM0881 se 874 taka 13 varSa 1. ukkuraDa - ukiraDA (ghUga), gajolliya - gAMjalele (dukhI), cikvilla - cikhala (kIcar3a ), tuppa - tUpa (ghI), pheDa pheDaNe (lauTAnA / bokkar3a - bokaDa (bakarA ) Adi, dekho sahayAdri mAsika patra apraila 1941 kA bhaka, pR0 253, 56 / 2. vikkamakAlamsa gae auragatImuttare sahaggammi / mAnavarNArada dhADIe lUDie maNNabeDammi // 276 3. 'zrI harSadeva iti khoTTigadeva lakSmI, jagrAha yo yudhinagAdasamapratApaH || |

Page #289
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 255 kavi mAnyakheTa meM rahe, usake bAda ve kitane varSa taka jIvita rahe, yaha nizcita nahIM kahA jA sktaa| para mAnyakheTa kI lUTa se koI 15 varSa ke lagabhaga saM0 1044 meM budha haripeNa ne apanI dharma parIkSA banAI / usameM puSpadanta kA ullekha kiyA hai / usa samaya puSpadanta kAphI prasiddha ho cuke the| isI se unhoMne likhA hai ki- puSpadanta jaise manuSya thor3e hI haiM unheM sarasvatI devI kabhI nahI chor3anI - sadA sAtha rahatI hai'| kavi ne grantha meM dhavala - jayadhavala grantha kA ullekha kiyA hai| jinasenAcArya ne apane guruvIrasena dvArA adhUrI chor3I huI jayadhavalA TIkA ko zaka maM0 756 meM rASTrakUTa rAjA amogha varSa prathama ke rAjya samaya samApta kI thI / ataH puSpadanta ukta saMvat ke bAda hue haiN| aura hariSeNa ne apanI dharma parIkSA vi0 saM0 1044 zaka saM0 606 meM samApta kI hai kavi ne apane granthoM meM Diga, zubhaga, vallabha narendra cora kavharAya nAma se kRSNarAja (tRtIya) kA ullekha kiyA hai / mAnyakheTa ko amogha va prathama ne zaka gaM0 737 meM pratiSThita kiyA thA / puSpadanta ne mAnyaveTa nagarI ko kRSNarAja kI hAtha kI talavArarUpI jalavAhanI se dargama ora jisake dhavala grahoM ke zikhara medhAvalI se TakarAne vAle likhA hai| isa saba videcana para puSpadanta kA samaya zaka saM0 850 se 894 me bAda taka rahA pratIta hotA hai arthAt ve IsA kI dazavI aura vikrama kI 11vI zatAbdI ke pUrvArdha ke vidvAn hai / racanAeM kavi puSpadanta kI tIna racanAeM mere sAmane - mahApurANa, nAgakumAra caritra aura jasahara cariu / mahApurANa - do khaNDoM meM vibhAjita hai- prAdipurANa aura uttarapurANa AdipurANa meM 37 saMdhiyAM haiM i jinameM Adi brahmA RSibhadeva kA carita varNita hai / ora uttarapurANa kI 65 sandhiyoM meM avaziSTa teIsa tIrthakaroM, 12 cakravartIyoM, navanArAyaNa, nava pratitAyaNa aura balabhadrAdri tresaTha zalAkA puruSoM kA kathAnaka diyA huA hai| jisameM rAmAyaNa aura mahAbhArata kI kathAeM bhI saMkSipta meM grA jAtI haiN| donoM bhAgoM kI kula sandhiyAM eka sau do haiM, jinakI anumAnika zloka saMkhyA bIsa hajAra se kama nahIM hai / mahApuruSoM kA kathAnaka atyanta vizAla hai aura aneka janmoM kI avAntara kathAoM ke kAraNa aura bhI vistRta ho gayA hai| isase kathA sUtra ko samajhane evaM grahaNa karane meM kaThinatA kA anubhava hotA hai / kathAnaka vizAla aura vizRMkhala hone para bhI bIca-bIca meM diye hue kAvyamaya sarasa evaM sundara prAkhyAnoM se vaha hRdaya grAhya ho gayA hai| janapadoM, nagaroM zraura grAmoM kA varNana sundara huA hai / kavi ne mAnava jIvana ke sAtha sambaddha upamAnoM kA prayoga kara varNanoM ko atyanta sajIva banA diyA hai / rasa aura alaMkAra yojanA ke sAtha pada vyaMjanA bhI sundara vana par3I hai sAtha hI aneka subhASitoM vAgdhArAoM se grantha rocaka tathA sarasa bana gayA hai / granthoM meM dezI bhASA ke aise aneka zabda prayukta hue haiM jinakA prayoga vartamAna hindI meM bhI pracalita hai / kavi ne yaha grantha siddhArtha saMvat meM zurU kiyA aura krodhana saMvatsara kI prASAr3ha zuklA dazamI ke dina zaka saMvat 887 (vi0 saM0 1022) meM samApta kiyaa| ukta grantha rASTrakUTa vaMza ke antima samrATa kRSNa tRtIya ke mahAmAtya bhArata ke anurodha se banA hai / grantha kI saMdhi puSpakAoM ke svataMtra saMskRtapadyoM meM bharata prazaMsA aura maMgala kAmanA kI gaI hai / mahAmAtya bharata sava kalAoM aura vidyAoM meM kuzala the, prAkRta kaviyoM kI racanAoM para mugdha the / unhoMne sarasvatI rUpI surabhikA dUdha jo piyA thA / lakSmI unheM cAhatI thI, ve satya pratijJa aura nirmatsara the 1. puSparAMta gavi mAraNa buccara, jo saramaie kyAvi ra muccai // dharmaM parIkSA prazamti 2. jeTTA viu suttau sIha ke sAMtehue siMha ko kisane jagAyA / mA bhaMguvara maragA jIviu - apamAnita hokara jIne se matyu bhalI hai / ko taM sai giDAlas lihiyaugastaka para likhe ko kauna meMTa sakatA hai / 3. kappaDa = kapar3A, avaseM = avazya haTTa hATa (bAjAra ) tode thoMda (udara) lIha - rekhA (loka), caMga - acchA, Darabhaya, DAla - zokhA, lukka lukanA (chipanA) Adi aneka zabda haiM jina para vicAra karane se hindIke vikAsa kA patA calatA hai| 4. kohaNa saMcchara AsADha dahamai diyahi caMda rUDha | - uttara purANa prazasti /

Page #290
256 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 yuddhoM kA bojha Dhote-Dhote unake kandhe ghisa gaye the, unhoMne aneka yuddha kiye the / ' ve kRSNarAja ke senApati aura dAna matrI bhI the| ve kaviyoM ke liye kAmadhenU, dIna-dukhiyoM kI prAzA pUrI karane vAle, cAroM ora prasiddha, parastrI parAGmukha, saccaritra unnatamati aura mujano ke uddhAraka the / unakA raMga sAvalA thA, unakI bhujAe hAthI kI sUDa ke samAna thIM, aGga suDIla netra sundara aura ve sadA prasanna mukha rahate the / bharata bahuta hI udAra aora dAnI the / bharata ne puSpadanta se mahApurANakI racanA karAkara apanI koti ko cirasthAyI bnaayaa| NAya kumAra cariu (nAga kumAra carita)-yaha eka choTA mA khaNDa kAvya hai| isameM hasandhiyA~ haiN| jiname pacamI vrata ke upavAsa kA phala batalAne vAlA nAga kumAra kA carita akita kiyA gayA hai, racanA sundara-pror3ha aura hRdaya-drAvaka hai aura use kavi ne citrita kara kaNTha kA bhUpaNa banA diyA hai| grantha meM tAtkAlika sAmAjika paristhiti kA bhI varNana hai| grantha kI racanA bharata mantrI ke putra nanna kI preraNA se huI hai| nanna ko yazodhara carita meM 'vallabha narendra graha mahattara-vallabha narendra kA gRha mantrI likhA hai| nanna apane pitA ke suyogya uttarAdhikArI the ora ve kavi kA apane pitA ke samAna pAdara karate the| ve prakRti se saumya the, unakI kIti sAre loka me phailI huI thii| unhone jina mandira banavAe the| ve jina caraNoM ke bhramara the, aura jinapUjA meM nirata rahate the, jina zAmana ke uddhAraka the, muniyoM ko dAna dete the, pAparahita the, bAharI aura bhItarI zatrayoM ko jItane vAle the, dayAvAn dInoM ke zaraNa rAjalakSmI ke krIr3A sarovara, sarasvatI ke nivAsa, pora tamAma vidvAnoM ke sAtha vidyA-vinoda meM nirata eva zuddha hRdaya the|" ....... gImasakalA viNNANakusalu / pAyapakaTa kavvaramAvauddha-mapIya magasai murahi duddha / / kamalacchu amaccharu saccamadhu, ragagabhara dhura dharaNagghaTThavadha / 2 soya zrI bharataH kalaka rahitaH kAnta. savRttaH zuciH / sajjyotirmaNirAkaro plutivaanyo gurgrbhaaste| vazo yena pavitratAmiha mahAmAtyAhvayaH prAptavAn / zrImadvallabharAja zaktikaTake yazcAbhavannAyakaH // pra0 zlo0 46 ha ho bhadra pracaNDAni pati bhavane tyAga sakhyAna kartA, koya zyAmaH pradhAnaH pravarakarikagakArabAhuH prasannaH / dhanyaH prAlaya piNDopamadhavalayazo dhaunadhAtrItalAntaH / khyAto bandhuH kavInAM bharata iti kathaM pAnya jAnAmi no tvam / / pra0 zlo015 3. savilAma vilAsiNi hiyahatheraNa mupasiddha mahAkai kAmadheNa / kANINadIgaparipUriyAsu jasapasarapamAhiya dasadisAsu / para ramaNi parammuhu suddhasIlu uNNayamai-muyaNuddharaNalIlu // 4. zyAmaruci nayana mubhagaM lAvaNya prAyamaMgamAdAya / bharatacchalena samprati kAmaH kAmAkRtimupetaH // pra0 zlo0 20 5. muhatugabhavaNavAvAra bhAra riNavyahamNa vIradhavalassa / koDillagottaNahasasaharassa payaIe somassa // 1 kuda vyAgabbha samunbhavamma siri bharata bhaTTataNayassa / jama pasara bhariya bhuvaNoyaramsa jiNacaraNa kamala bhasalasya // 2 aNavaraya raiya varajiNaharamma jiNabhavaNapUya riNarayassa / jiNa mAsaNAyamuddhAraNamsa muriNadipaNadAraNassa // 3 nAgaku0 pra0

Page #291
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 257 puSpadanta ne eka prazasti padya meM nanna ko unake putroM ke sAtha prasanna rahane kA AzIrvAda diyA hai / para unake nAmoM kA ullekha nahIM kiyaa| jasaharacariu-yaha bhI eka khaNDa kAvya hai, jisakI cAra sandhiyoM meM rAjA yazodhara aura unakI mAtA candramatI kA kathAnaka diyA huA hai| jo sundara aura cittAkarSaka hai| rAjA yazodhara kA yaha carita itanA lokapriya aneka vidvAnoM ne saMskRta apabhraMza aura hindI bhASA meM aneka grantha likhe haiN| somadeva, vAdirAja, vAsavasena sakalakIrti, zrutasAgara, padmanAbha, mANikyadeva, pUrNadeva, kaviraidha, somakIti, vizvabhUSaNa aura kSamAkalyANa prAdi aneka digambara, zvetAmbara vidvAnoM ne grantha likhe haiN| isa grantha meM saM0 1365 meM kucha kathana, rAula ora kaula kA prasaMga, vivAha aura bhavAMtara pAnIpata ke vosala sAhu ke anurodha se kanhaDa ke putra gandharva ne banAkara zAmila kiyA thaa| yaha grantha bhI bharata ke putra aura vallabhanarendra ke gRhamantrI ke liye unhIM ke mahala meM rahate hue likhA gayA thaa| isI se kavi ne pratyeka saMdhi ke anta meM 'NaNNa kaNNAbharaNa' vizeSaNa diyA hai| isa grantha meM yuddha aura laTa ke samaya mAnyakheTa kI jo durdazA ho gaI thI-vahA~ dupkAla par3A thA, loga bhUkhoM mara rahe the, jagaha-jagaha nara kaMkAla par3e hue the, yaha lUTa zaka saM0 864 / vi0 saM0 1026 meM huI thii| kavi ne usa samaya mAnyakheTa kI durdazA kA citraNa kiyA hai| jAna par3atA hai kavi usa samaya nanna ke hI mahala meM rahate the| kavi DaDDhA kavi DaDaDhA-saMskRta bhASA ke acche vidvAna aura kavi the| yaha cittaur3a ke nivAsI the| inake pitA nAma zrIpAla thA / inakI jAti prAgvATa (poravAr3a) thii| yaha poravAr3a jAti ke vaNika the|2|| inakI eka mAtra kRti saMskRta paMcasaMgraha hai, jo prAkRta paMcasaMgraha kI gAthAnoM kA anuvAda hai| mAthara saMgha ke prAcArya amita gati ne vi0 saM0 1073 meM saMskRta paMcasaMgraha kI racanA kI hai| donoM paMca. saMgrahoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana karane se yaha spaSTa jAna par3atA hai ki donoM meM atyadhika samAnatA hai| amitagatine DaDaDhA ke paMcasaMgraha ko sAmane rakhakara apanA paMcasaMgraha banAyA hai| amitagati ke paMcasaMgraha meM aise bhI padya upalabdha hote haiM jisameM thor3A-sA zabda parivartana mAtra pAyA jAtA hai / kucha aisa bhI pAye jAte haiM jinakA rUpAntarita hone para bhI bhAvArtha vahI hai / usameM koI antara nahIM aataa| amitagati ke paMcasaMgraha se DaDDhA ke paMcasagraha meM kucha vaiziSTaya bhI pAyA jAtA hai / DaDaDhA ke paMca saMgara meM jahAM prAkRta gAthAoM kA anuvAda mAtra hai vahAM amitagati ke paMcasaMgraha meM anAvazyaka atirikta kathana bhI upa labdha hotA hai| kaI sthaloM para amitagati ke paMcasaMgraha kI apekSA DaDDhA ke paMcasaMgraha kI racanA adhika sundara huI hai| DaDDhA kI racanA prAkRta mUlagAthAoM ke adhika samIpa hai / vaha padyAnuvAda mUlAnugAmI hai| kali mala kalaMka parivajjiyassa jiya duviha bairiNiyassa / kAruNNakaMdaNava jalaharassa dINa jaNa saraNassa // 4 NivalacchI kIlA saravarassa vAemari NivAsassa / giNassesaviusa vijjAviNoya riNarayassa suddha hiyayassa ||5-naaNgkumaar carita prazasti 1. sa zrImAnniha bhUtale saha suninnAbhidho nandatAt -yazodhara02 2. zrI citrakUTa vAstavya prAgvATavaNijA kRte / zrIpAla suta DaDDheNa sphuTaH prakRti saMgrahaH / / 3. vacanahetubhI: rUpaH sarvendriyabhayAva hai| jugupsAmizca bIbhatsa naiva kSAyikahaka calet // 223

Page #292
258 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 samaya-amitagati ne apanA paMcasaMgraha vi0 saM0 1073 meM banAkara samApta kiyA hai, ataH DaDDhA kI racanA usase pUrvavartI hai / DaDDhA ne amRtacandra ke tattvArthasAra kA uddharaNa diyA hai / AcArya amRtacandra kA samaya vikrama kI dazavIM zatAbdI hai / ataH DaDhDhA amRtacandra ke bAda ke vidvAn haiN| cUki DaDDhA ke paMcasaMgraha kA eka padyara jayasena ke dharmaratnAkara meM udhdRta pAyA jAtA hai| dharmaratnAkara kA racanA kAla saM0 1055 haiN| ata: DaDDhA kA paMcasaMgraha 1055 se pahale banA hai| isase vaha vikrama kI 11 vIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArdha kI racanA hai| brahmadeva kI dravya saMgraha kI gAthA 42 kI TIkA pa0 177 meM DaDDhA ke paMcasaMgraha ke 226 aura 230 nambara ke padya pAye jAte haiN| isase paMcasaMgraha meM dravya saMgraha kI TIkA se pahale bana cukA thaa| paMDita pravacanasena paMDita pravacanasena-inakA ullekha lADabAgaDagaNa aura balAtkAragaNa ke vidvAn zrInandyAcArya satkavi ke zipya the zrIcandra muni ne paMDita pravacanasena se padmacarita sunakara usakA TippaNa dhArA nagarI meM saM0 1087 meM banAyA thaa| isase spaSTa hai ki paMDita pravacanasena usa samaya dhArA meM hI nivAsa karate the| inakA samaya vikrama kI 11vIM zatAbdI hai / inhoMne kina granthoM kI racanA kI yaha kucha jJAta nahIM ho skaa| zAntinAtha zAntinAtha-isake pitA govindarAja, bhAIkannapArya aura guru vardhamAna vratI the| jinamatAmbhojinI rAjahaMsa, sarasvatI mukha mukara, sahaja kavi, catura kavi, nissahAya kavi prAdi inake viruda haiN| zaka saM0690 ke giripura ke 136 va zilAlekha se jJAta hotA hai ki yaha bhuvanaikamalla (1068-1076 taka) parAjita lakSma napati kA maMtrI thaa| isake upadeza se lakSya nRpati ne baligrAma meM zAntinAtha bhagavAna kA mandira banavAyA thaa| isa lekha meM kavi ke 'sukumAra carita' grantha kA ullekha milatA hai / kavi kA samaya bhI san 1068 se 1076 taka sunizcita hai| indrakIti indrakIti-kauNDakandAnvaya dezI gaNa ke prAcArya the| inakI aneka upAdhiyA~ thiiN| ko galivaMjivellArI ke zaka saM0977 san 1055 (vi0 saM0 1112) ke lekha meM, jo cAlukya samrATa trailokya malla ke rAjya kAla kA hai| isa mandira kA nirmANa gaMgavaMza ke rAjA duvinIta ne kiyA thaa| lekha ke samaya prAcArya indrakIti ne mandira ko kucha dAna diyA thaa| (-iNDiyana eNTIkverI 55 san 1926 pR074) guNasena paMDitadeva prastuta guNasena paMDita dravila gaNa ke nandisaMgha tathA mahAmaruGgalAmnAya ke guru puSpasena vratIndra ke ziSya the| pAgama rUpI amRta ke gahare samudra the / vyAkaraNa Agama aura tarka meM nipuNa the| yaha mullUra ke nivAsI the| aura poyasala ke guru the| poysalAcAri ke putra mANika-poysalAcAri ne yaha vasadi bnvaaii| aura zaka varSa 984 zubhakRta saMvatsara meM phAlguna zuddha paMcamI badhavAra rohiNI nakSatra meM bhagavAna kI pratiSThA kii| tathA tirunandIvara ke kAla meM dAna dekara guNasena paMDitadeva ko sauMpa diyaa| lekha cUki zaka saM0 984 san 1062 I0 kA hai| inhoMne san 1050 ke lagabhaga dharma ke taura para 'nAgakUpa' nAma kA eka kuvA mullUra grAma ke vAste khudavAyA thA (epi.grA. iMDikA kUrga inakRpsansa naM. 42) (lekha naM0 202 pRSTha 284) zaka saM0680 (1058 I0) meM mullara kA yaha zilAlekha likhA gyaa| isameM likhA hai ki rAjendra gAlva ne usa vasti ke liye dAna diyA jo usake pitA ne banavAI thii| rAjAdhirAja kI mAtA poccarasi ne guNasena ko dAna diyaa| (kurgainskRpsansa 1914 naM0 35) zaka saM0 686 (1064 I0) meM mullUra kA yaha zilA lekha utkIrNa humA, jisameM guNasena kI mRtyu kA

Page #293
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 254 ullekha hai / (kurga inakRpsansa san 1914 naM0 34 gopanandI gopanandi-yaha mUlasaMgha, deziya gaNa aura vakragaccha ke devendra siddhAnta deva ke samakAlIna ziSya the| yaha caturmukhadeva isaliye kahalAye, kyoMki inhoMne cAroM dizAoM kI ora mukha karake pATha-pATha dina ke upavAsa kiye the| prastuta gopanandI advitIya kavi aura naiyAyika the, inake sammukha koI vAdI nahIM Thahara sakatA thaa| inhoMne dhUrjITa jaise vidvAn kI jihvA ko bhI banda kara diyA thA / parama tapasvI, vasudhaiva kuTumba, jaina-zAsanAmbara ke pUrNacandra, sakalAgamavedI aura guNaratna vibhUpita the / dezIya gaNa ke agraNI the aura vratIndra the| inake sadharmA dhArAdhipa bhojarAja dvArA pUjita prabhAcandra the / hoyasala nareza ereyaMga ne zaka sa0 1015 san 1063 (vi0 saM0 1150) meM ukta gopanandI ko jIrNoddhAra Adi kAryoM ke liye do grAma dAna meM diye the| (vRSabhanandI--jItasAra samuccaya ke kartA) yaha nandanandI ke vatsa aura zrInandI ke caraNa kamaloM ke bhramara the| gurudAsa bhI unhI ke zipya the| jinheM tIkSNamati aura 'sarasvatIsUnu' prakaTa kiyA hai| jaisA ki grantha prazasti ke nimna padya se prakaTa hai| zrInandi nandivatsaH zrInandI gurupadAja SaTacaraNaH / zrIgurudAso naMdyAttIkSNamatiH zrI sarasvatIsUnuH // 5 // vaSabhanandI ne ukta naMda naMdI munirAja ko zAstrArthajJa, paMka dhArI, tapAMka siddhAMtajJa, sevya ora gaNeza jaise vizeSaNoM ke sAtha smRta kiyA hai| inake cAra zipyoM kA ullekha milatA hai, parantu unake eka pramukha ziSya gurudAsAcArya bhI the| nandanandI ke ziSyoM meM apane se pUrvavartI do gurubhAiyoM zrI kIti aura zrI nandI kA nAmollekha kiyA hai| aura apane uttaravartI eka guru bhAI harSanandI kA anajarUpa meM ullekha kiyA hai| jisane grantha kI sundara pratilipi taiyAra kI thii| vRSabhanandI ne kauNDakundAcArya ke jItasAra kA samyaka prakAra avadhAraNa kiyA thA, isI kAraNa unhoMne apane ko 'jItasArAmbupAyI' (jItasAra rUpa amRta kA pAna karane vAlA) prakaTa kiyA hai cArya kA yaha grantha jIrNa-zIrNa rUpa meM mAnyakheTa meM siddhAntabhUSaNa nAma ke saiddhAntika munirAja ne eka maMjUSA meM dekhA thaa| aura prArthanA karake prApta kiyA thA, aura use pAkara ve sabharI sthAna ko cale gae the| unhoMne vRSabhanandI ke hitArtha usakI vyAkhyA kI thI, jisakA jItasAra samuccaya meM anusaraNa kiyA gayA hai| prA0 abhayanandI prabhayanandI vibadhagaNanandI ke ziSya the| yaha apane samaya ke samasta muniyoM ke dvArA mAnya vidvAna the| inhoMne jainadharma ke viSaya meM paramparAgata pravarNavAdoM-mithyA pravAdoM-ko dUra kiyA thaa| inake dvArA jaina dharma kI baDI prabhAvanA haI thii| ye samudra kI bhAMti gaMbhIra evaM sUrya kI taraha tejasvI the| atyanta guNI aura medhAvI the| bhavya jIvoM ke eka mAtra bandhu tathA udbodhaka the| jaisA ki candraprabhacarita prazasti ke nimna padya se prakaTa hai: "munijananutapAdaH prAstamithyApravAdaH, sakalaguNasamRddhastasya ziSyaH prsiddhH| prabhavad prabhayanandI jainadharmAbhinandI, svmhimjitsindhubhvylokkbndhuH||" 1.jana zilA lekha saM0 bhAga 1 pR0 117 2. (epi grAphiyA karNATikA ji0 5, 3. anuja zrI harSa nadinA sulikhya jItasAra zAstracamujvalodha taM dhvAjApate (jIta mamuccayasAra ajamera bhaMDAra prati)

Page #294
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 inake ziSya vIra nandI the, jo candraprabhacarita ke karttA haiN| inake dUsare ziSya indranandI bhI the / gommaTasAra ke kartA nemicacandra siddhAnta cakravartI ne bhI abhayanandI ko apanA guru mAnA hai aura unheM namaskAra kiyA hai, NamiUNa abhayadi' 'abhayadi vaccheNa' jaise vAkyoM dvArA abhayanandi kA spaSTa ullekha kiyA hai / inakA samaya vikrama kI dazavIM zatAbdI kA upAntya aura 11vIM zatAbdI kA prathama caraNa hai / 260 vIranandi siddhAnta cakravartI vIranandi siddhAnta cakravartI - nandisaMgha aura dezIya gaNa ke AcArya the / yaha muni vibudha guNanandi ke praziSya aura abhayanandi ke ziSya the| jo muniyoM ke dvArA bandanIya the / aura jinhoMne mithyApravAda ko vinaSTa kiyA thA / sampUrNa guNoM meM samRddha the, aura bhavya logoM ke zradvitIya bandhu the / inake ziSya vIranandI bhavya jana rUpI kamaloM ko vikasita karane vAle, sUrya ke samAna tejasvI, guNoM ke dhAraka the aura jinhoMne sampUrNa vAGamaya ko adhIna kara liyA thaa| ve kutarkoM ko nAza karane vAle prakhyAta kIrti the / bhavyAmbhoja vibodhanodyatamate bhAsvatsamAna tviSaH, ziSyastasya guNAkarasya sudhiyaH zrIvIranandItyabhUta / svAdhInakhila vADa.mayasya bhuvanaprakhyAta kIrteH satA, saMsatsu vyajayanta yasya jayino vAcaH kutarkAGka uzA // 4 eka gAthA meM batalAyA gayA hai ki jinake caraNa prasAda se vIranandI indranandI ziSya ananta saMsAra se pAra ho gae una abhayanandI guru ko namaskAra hai / gommaTasAra ke kartA nemicandra siddhAnta candravartI ne bhI indranandi ko abhayanandi zraura vIranandI ko apanA guru batalAyA hai| abhayanandI ke cAra ziSya the / vIranandI, indranandi, kanakanandI aura nemicandra / nemicandra ne apane ko svayaM abhayanandi kA ziSya sUcita kiyA hai / nemicandra ne abhayanandI ke sAtha indranandi guru ko bhI namaskAra kiyA hai aura zrutasAgara kA pAra karane vAlA vidvAn sUcita kiyA hai / vIranandI viziSTa dArzanika aura pratibhA sampanna kavi the / ApakI ekamAtra kRti candraprabhacarita kAvya hai / isa grantha kI kathA vastu kA AdhAra uttara purANa hai / vIra nandI ne uttara purANa ke anusAra hI AThaveM tIrthakara candraprabha ke caritra kA citraNa kiyA hai / yaha grantha 18 sargoM meM vibhakta hai / jisakI zloka saMkhyA 1691 hai / antima prazasti ke 6 zloka usase bhinna haiM / yaha kAvya zRMgAra, vIra, bIbhatsa, bhayAnaka aura zAntAdi rasoM tathA upamA, utprekSA, rUpaka, arthAntara nyAsa aura atizayokti prAdi alaMkAroM se anusyUta hai / racanA sarasa aura prasAda guNa se bharapUra hai / kRti meM kavi ne usake racanA kAla zrAdi kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyA, isa kAraNa grantha ke racanA kAla kA nizcita ullekha to nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / kintu prAcArya vAdirAja ne apane pArzvanAtha carita meM (zaka saMo 147 san 1025) meM candraprabhacarita aura usake racayitA vIranandI kA smaraNa kiyA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki san 1025 (vi0 saM0 1082) se pUrva candraprabhacarita kI racanA ho cukI thI / aba yaha vicAraNIya hai ki vaha kitane pahale huI hogI / vaha vi0 saM0 1025 ke lagabhaga kI racanA jAna par3atI hai / arthAt ve 11vIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArdha ke vidvAn haiM / 1. sa tacchiSyojyeSThaH zizira kara somyaH samabhavat / pravikhyAto nAmnA bibudhaguNa nandIti bhuvane // candra prabhacarita prazasti 2. jassaya pAya pasAeNa gaMtasaMsAra jalahi muttiSNe / vIridaMgaMdi vaccho NamAmi taM prabhayAdi guru / / - go0 ka0 436 3. idinemicaMda muriNaraNA appasuderaNa bhayaradi vaccheNa / raiyo tiloyasAro khamaMtu taM bahu sudAyariyA // - trilokasAra 4. gamiUNa abhayadi sudasAyara pAragidaM NaMdi guru / varavIranaMdiraNAhaM payaDIraNaM paccayaM bocchaM // 785 5. candra prabhAsi sambaddhA rasa puSTa manaH priyA / kumadvatIva no dhatte bhAratI vIranandinaH // 30 - pArzvanAtha carite vAdirAjaH

Page #295
gyArahavIM aurabArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI prastuta nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI mUlasaMgha dezIyagaNa ke vidvAna abhayanandI ke ziSya the / inhoMne svayaM apane ko prabhayanandI kA ziSya sUcita kiyA hai| abhayanandI usa samaya ke bar3e saiddhAntika vidvAna the| unake vIranandI, aura indranandI bhI ziSya the| ye donoM nemicandra ke jyeSTha garubhAI the| isa kAraNa guru tulya mAnakara namaskAra kiyA hai aura unakA apane ko ziSya bhI batalAyA hai / nemicandra ne apane eka guru kanakanaMdI kA ullekha kiyA hai / aura likhA hai ki unhoMne indranandI ke pAsa se sakala siddhAnta ko sunakara 'satvasthAna' kI racanA kI hai / 3 isa matvasthAna prakaraNa ko unhoMne gommaTasAra karmakANDa ke tIsare satvasthAna adhikAra meM prAyaH jyoM kA tyoM apanAyA hai| yaha grantha 'vistarasatvatribhaMgI' nAma se jaina siddhAnta bhavana ArA meM vidyamAna hai| mere saMgraha kI tIna patrAtmaka prati meM isakA nAma 'vizeSasattA tribhaMgI' diyA hai / nemicandra gaMgavaMzIya rAjA rAcamalla ke pradhAna mantrI aura senApati cAmuNDarAya ke samakAlIna the| yaha atyanta prabhAvazAlI aura siddhAntazAstra ke marmajJa vidvAn the| inhoMne gommaTasAra kI 397 gAthA meM likhA hai ki jisa prakAra cakravartI SaTa khaNDa pRthvI ko apane cakra dvArA prAdhIna karatA hai, usI prakAra maiMne apane mati cakra se paTa khaNDAgama ko siddha kara apanI isa kRti meM bhara diyA hai| / saMbhavata: isI saphalatA ke kAraNa unheM siddhAnta cakravartI kI upAdhi prApta huI ho| cAmuNDarAya ajitasenAcArya ke ziSya the| cAmuNDarAya ne nemindra kA bhI ziSyatva grahaNa kiyA thaa| cAmuNDarAya ko preraNA se nemicandra ne gommaTasAra kI racanA kI thii| gommaTa cAmuNDarAya kA gharunAma thaa| jo marAThI tathA kannar3o bhASA meM prAyaH uttama, sandara, prAkarSaka, evaM prasanna karane vAlA jaise arthoM meM vyavahRta hotA hai / aura rAya unakI upAdhi thii| cAmuNDarAya ke isa 'gommaTa' nAma ke kAraNa hI unake dvArA banavAI haI bAhabalI kI mUrti 'gommaTezvara' tathA 'gommaTadeva' jaise nAmoM se prasiddhi ko prApta haI hai| unhIM ke nAma kI pradhAnatA ko lekara grantha kA nAma 'gommaTasAra' diyA gayA hai| jinakA artha gommaTa ke liye khIcA gayA pUrva ke (SaT khaNDAgama tathA dhavalAdi) granthoM kA sAra / isI prAzaya ko lekara grantha kA 'gommaTasaMgraha sUtra' nAma diyA gayA hai / jaisA ki karmakANDa kI nimna gAthA se prakaTa hai gommaTa-saMgrahasattaM gommaTa siharUvari gommaTa jiNo ya / gommaTarAyaviNimmiya-dakkhiNa kukkuDajiNo jyu||968 isa gAthA meM tIna kAryoM kA ullekha karate hue unhIM kA jayaghoSaNa kiyA gayA hai| inhIM tIna kAryoM meM cAmaDarAya kI khyAti hai aura ve haiM-1 gommaTa saMgraha sUtra 2 gommaTa jina aura dakSiNa kukkuTajina / gommaTasaMgraha gommaTa ke liye kiyA gayA sAra rUpa saMgraha graMtha gommaTasAra / gommaTa jina pada kA abhiprAya neminAtha bhagavAna kI usa eka hAtha pramANa indranIlamaNi kI pratimA se hai jise gommaTarAya ne banavAkara gommaTa-zikharajandagiri para sthita apane maMdira (vasti) meM sthApita kiyA thA / aura jisake sambandha meM yaha kahA jAtA hai kina 1. idi raNemicaMda muNiNANappasu deggabhayadi vaccheNa / raiyo tiloyasAge khamaMtu bahu sadAiriyA // 2. miUNa abhayaNaMdi sada-sAyara pAragidaNadiguru / varavIraNaMdigagAhaM payaDINaM paccaya vocchaM ||785-go0 ka0 Namaha guNarayaNabhUsaraNa siddhatAmiya mahaddhi bhavabhAvaM / vara vIragaMdicaMdaM NimmalaguraNa midaNaMdi guru // 876 go0 ka. vIriMdaNaMdi baccheNa ppasadeNabhayaraNaMdi sissenn| daMsaNacarittaladdhI su sUyiyA aimicadeNa // 648 labdhisAra 3. vara idaNaMdi guruNo pAse soUNa sayala siddhataM / sirikaraNayaNaMdi guruNA sattaTThAddhaM samuddiDheM // 366 go0 ka. 4. jaha cakkeraNaya cakkI chakkhaMDa sAhiyaM aviggheNa / taha maicakkeNa mayA chakkhaMDaM sAhiyaM sammaM // 367 go0 ka. 1. dekho, anekAnta varSa 4 kiraNa 3-4 meM DA0 e. ena0 upAdhye kA 'gompaTa' nAmaka lekha

Page #296
262 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 pahale cAmuNDarAya -vasti meM maujUda thii| parantu bAda ko mAlUma nahIM kahAM calI gii| usake sthAna para neminAtha kI eka-dUsarI pAMca phuTa kI unnata pratimA anyatra se lAkara virAjamAna kara dI gaI hai, jo apane lekha para se ecana ke banavAe hae mandira kI mAlUma hotI hai| aura 'dakSiNa kukkuTajina' bAhubalI kI prasiddha evaM vizAla usa mUrti kA hI nAmAntara hai| yaha nAma anuzruti athavA kathAnaka ko liye hue hai / usakA tAtparya itanA hI hai ki podanapura meM bharata cakravartI ne bAhubalI kI unhIM kI zarIrAkRti jaso mUrti banavAI thI, jo kukkuTa sau se vyApta ho jAne ke kAraNa usakA darzana durlabha ho gayA thaa| uso ke anurUpa yaha mUrti dakSiNa meM vindhyagiri para sthApita kI gaI hai aura uttara kI usa mati se bhinnatA batalAne ke liye ho ise dakSiNa vizeSaNa diyA gayA hai| isase yaha bAta spaSTa ho gaI ki gommaTa bAhabalI kA nAma na hokara cAmuNDarAya kA gharu nAma thaa| aura unake dvArA nirmita hone ke kAraNa mati kA nAma bhI 'gommaTezvara yA gommaTa deva' prasiddha ho gyaa| prAcArya nemicandra ne cAmuNDarAya dvArA nirmApita zravaNa velagolA meM sthita gommaTa svAmI bAhubalI kI adbhuta vizAla mUrti kI pratiSThA caitra zuklA paMcamI ravivAra 22 mA san 1028 meM kI thI / yaha mUti apanI kalAtmakatA aura vizAlatA meM atulanIya hai / usake darzana mAtra se prAtmA apUrva Ananda ko pAtA hai / mUrti atyanta darzanIya hai| racanA prAcArya nemicandra si0 cakravartI kI nimna kRtiyAM prakAzita haiN| gommaTasAra, labdhisAra, kSapaNAsAra triloksaar| gommaTasAra-eka saiddhAntika grantha hai, jisameM jIvasthAna, kSudrabandha, bandhasvAmitva, vedanAkhaNDa, aura vargaNAkhaNDa, ina pAMca viSayoM kA varNana hai| isa kAraNa isakA apara nAma paMcasagraha bhI hai / gommaTasAra grantha do bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai| jIvakANDa aura karmakANDa / jIvakANDa meM 733 gAthA hai jisameM guNasthAna, jIvasamAsa, paryApti, prANa, saMjJA, caudahamArgaNA aura upyog| ina bIsa prarUpaNAmoM dvArA jIva kI aneka avasthAoM aura bhAvoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| abhedavivakSA se ina bIsa prarUpaNAoM kA antarbhAva guNasthAna aura mArgaNA ina do prarUpaNAoM meM ho jAtA hai kyoMki mArgaNAoM meM hI jIvasamAsa, paryApti,prANa saMjJA aura upayoga inakA antarbhAva ho sakatA hai / isaliye do prarUpaNaeM kahI haiN| kintu bhedavivakSA se 20 prarUpaNAeM kahI gaI haiN| karmakANDa-meM 72 gAthAeM haiM, jinameM prakRti samUtkIrtana, bandhodaya, satvAdhikAra, satvasthAnabhaMga, tricalikA yAta samatkIrtana, pratyayAdhikAra, bhAvacUlikA aura karma sthiti racanA nAmaka nau adhikAroM meM karma kI vibhinna avasthAmoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| - TIkAeM-gommaTasAra grantha para chaha TIkAeM upalabdha haiN| eka abhayacandrAcArya kI saMskRtaTIkA 'manda kA jo jIvakANDa kI 383 naM0 kI gAthA taka hI pAI jAtI hai, zeSa bhAga para banI yA nahIM; isakA koI nizcaya nahIM / dUsarI, kezavavarNI kI, jo saMskRta mizrita kanaDI TIkA jIvatattva prabodhikA, jo donoM kANDoM para kinAra ko liye hae hai| isameM mandaprabodhikA kA pUrA anusaraNa kiyA gayA hai| tIsarI, nemicandrAcArya kI saMskRta TIkA jIvatattva pradIpikA hai, jo pichalI donoM TIkAoM kA gAr3ha anusaraNa karatI hai| cauthI, TIkA prAkRtabhASA ko hai jo aparNa hai aura ajamera ke bhaTTArakIya bhaNDAra meM avasthita hai / pA~cavI paMjikA TIkA hai jisakA ullekha abhayacandra ko manda prabodhikA meM nihita hai| isa paMjikA kI eka mAtra upalabdha prati mere saMgraha meM hai, jo saM0 1560 ko 1. guNa jIvA pajjattI pANA saNNAya maggaNAo ya / uvaogo vi ya kamaso vIsaM tu parUvaNA bhariNadA / / 2 / / 2. 'athavA sammUrchana garbhopapAdAnAthita janma bhavanIti gommaTa paMcikA kaagdiinaambhipraayH|' go0 jI0 mandra prabodhikA TIkA, gaa063|

Page #297
gyArahavI aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 263 likhI huI hai / aura jisakA pramANa pAMca hajAra zloka jitanA hai, jisakI bhASA prAkRta aura saMskRta mizrita hai|' usakA maMgala aura pratijJA vAkya isa prakAra hai-- paNamiya jiNidacaMdaM gomammaTa saMgaha samagga suttANaM / kesipi bhaNissAmo vivaraNamaNNe samAsijja / / tattha tAvatesi suttANamAdie maMgalaTeMbhaNissa mANaTThavisaya paiNNA karaNaLaM ca kamassa siddhimiccAi gAhA suttassattho uccaNeNa? vivaraNaM kahissAmo // isa paMjikA ke racayitA girikIti hai / kartA ne apanI guru paramparA isa prakAra dI hai zrutikIti, meghacandra, candrakIrti aura girikoti jaisA ki usake padyoM se prakaTa hai: so jayau vAsapujjo sivAsu pujjAsu pujja-paya pumo| pavimala vasu pujja sUdo sudakitti piye-piyaM vaadi||1 sadiya vi meghacadappasAva khuda kittiyro| jo so kitti bhaNijjai paripujjiya caMdakitti tti // 2 jeNAsesa vasaMtiyA saramaI ThANaMta rAgohaNI / ja gADhaM parirumiUNa muhayA sojata muddaasii| jassAputvaguNappabhUdarayaNA laMkArasohaggiNA / jAtAsirigirikittideva jadiNA tejasi gaMtho karo // 3 // isa paMjikA pramANa pAMca hajAra zloka jitanA batalAyA hai / yaha paMjikA prakAzana ke yogya hai| aura ThI TIkA samyagjJAna candrikA hai, jisake kartA paNDita pravara ToDaramala haiM yaha TIkA vizAla hai, aura DhuDhArI bhASA hindI meM likhI gaI hai| labdhisAra kSapaNAsAra-isameM batalAyA gayA hai ki karmoM ko kATakara jIva kaise mukti prApta kara sakatA athavA apane zuddha svarUpa meM sthiti ho sakatA hai / isakA pradhAna prAdhAra kasAya pAhuDa aura usakI jayadhavalA TIkA hai| isameM tIna adhikAra haiM-darzanalabdhi, cAritralabdhi, aura kSAyika cAritra / prathama adhikAra meM pAMcalabdhiyoM ke svarUpa Adi kA varNana hai, jinake nAma hai-kSayopazama, vizuddhi dezanA, prAyogya aura karaNa / inameM se prathama cAra labdhiyAM sAmAnya hai, jo bhavya aura abhavya donoM hI prakAra ke jIvoM ke hotI haiN| pAcavI karaNalabdhi samyagdarzana aura samyakacAritra kI yogyatA rakhane vAle bhavyajIvoM ke hI hotI hai| usake tIna bheda haiM-adhaHkaraNa, apUrvakaraNa aura anivRttikaraNa / dUsare adhikAra meM cAritralabdhi kA svarUpa aura cAritra ke bhedo upabhedoM Adi kA saMkSipta kathana hai / sAtha hI upazamazreNI para car3hAne kA vidhAna hai| tIsare adhikAra meM cAritra moha kI kSapaNA kA saMkSipta vidhAna hai, jisakA antima pariNAma mukti yA zuddha AtmasvarUpa kI upalabdhi hai| isa taraha yaha graMtha sakSepa meM AtmavikAsa kI ku jI athavA sAdhana-sAmagrI ko liye hue hai| labdhisAra kI saMskRta TIkA nemicandrAcArya kI hai| paM0 ToDaramalla jI ne isake do adhikAroM kI hindI TIkA ukta saMskRta TIkA ke anusAra kI hai| tIsare "kSapaNa' adhikAra kI gadya saMskRta TIkA mAdhavacandra vidya deva kI hai, jise unhoMne bAhubalI matrI ke liye kSullakapura meM zaka sa0 3. payaDI sIlasahAvo-prakRtiH zIlaM svabhAvaityekArthaH svabhAvazcasvabhAvavaMtamapekSate / tadavinAbhAvitvAttasya / ataH kasyAyaM svabhAvaH kathyata ityAha jIvagANaM, jiivkrmnnoH| kahamettha agamaddeNa kammaggahaNaM / kammaNa marIrametava aMga saddeNa vivkkhidttaado| kacha kamma kalAvasseva kammaNa sarIstAdo ya / ahavA aMga sadderaNa kammAkamma sarIrANa gahaNaM / kammeNokammehiM pyojnnaado| jIvaMgAraNamidi kimaThTha buccade / bhAvakamma davvakamma pokammAraNaM payaDi pruuprnntttth| -go. ka. paMjikA

Page #298
264 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 1125 (san 1203, vi0 saM0 1260) meM banAkara samApta kI hai| paM0 ToDaramalla jI ne isI ke anusAra kSapaNAsAra kI TIkA kI hai| isI se unhoMne apanI samyakajJAna candrikA TIkA ko labdhisAra kSapaNAsAra sahita gommaTasAra kI TIkA batalAI hai| trilokasAra-yaha karaNAnuyoga kA mahatvapUrNa grantha hai| isakI gAthA saMkhyA 1018 hai| jinameM kucha gAthAe~ mAdhavacandra vidya kI bhI haiN| jo nemicandrAcArya kI sammati se zAmila kI gaI haiM / yaha grantha AcArya yativRSabha kI tiloyapaNNattI se anuprANita hai| isameM sAmAnyaloka, bhavana, vyantara, jyotipa, vaimAnika, aura naraka-tiryaka, loka ye adhikAra haiM / jambUdIpa, lavaNasamudra, mAnuSakSetra, bhavanavAsiyoM ke rahane ke sthAna, AvAsabhavana, prAyu parivAra Adi stRta varNana hai / graha, nakSatra, prakIrNaka, tArA evaM sUrya candra ke prAya, vimAna, gati, parivAra prAdi kA sAMgopAMga varNana diyA hai| triloka kI racanA sambandhI sabhI jAnakArI isase prApta kI jA sakatI hai| isa para nemicandrAcArya ke pradhAna ziSya mAdhavacandra vidya kI saMskRta TIkA hai| gommaTasAra kI taraha isa graMtha kA nirmANa bhI pradhAnataH cAmaDarAya ko lakSya karake---unake prati bodhanArtha hA hai aisA TIkAkAra mAdhavacandra ne TIkA ke prArambha meM vyakta saMskRta TIkA sahita yaha grantha maNikacandra grantha mAlA se prakAzita ho cukA hai| isa grantha kI hindI TIkA paMDita ToDaramalla jI ne kI hai, jisameM usake gaNita viSaya ko acchI taraha se udghATita kiyA hai| Aryasena prAryasena-mUlasaMgha varasenagaNa aura pogarIgaccha ke AcArya brahmasena vratipa ke ziSya the| jo aneka rAjAoM se sevita the| inake zipya mahAsena the| jaisA ki zilAlekha ke nimna vAkyoM se prakaTa hai: zrImUlasaMghe jinadharmamUle, gaNAbhidhAne varasena naamni| gacchesu tucche'pi pogaryamikkhe, santUyamAno munirAryasenaH // tasyAryasenasya munIzvarasya ziSyo mahAsena mhaamuniindrH| samyaktvaratnojvalitAntaraMgaH saMsAranIrAkara setubhUta [:] // isa zilAlekha meM mahAsena munIndra ke chAtra cAMdirAja ne, jo vANasavaMza ke tathA ketala devI ke praoNphisara the| unhoMne ponnavADa (vartamAna honvADa) meM tribhuvana tilaka nAma kA caityAlaya banavAyA, aura usameM tIna vediyoM meM zAnti nAtha, pArzvanAtha aura supArzvanAtha kI tIna mUrtiyAM banavAkara pratiSThita kI, aura usake liye kucha jamIna tathA makAnAta zaka saM0676 (san 1054) jayasaMvatsara meM vaizAkha mahIne kI amAvasyA somavAra ke dina dAna diyaa| isase mAryasena kA samaya san 1054 (vi0 saM0 1111) sunizcita hai| mahAsena mahAsena-mUlasaMgha varasenagaNa aura pogarigaccha ke prAcArya Aryasena ke ziSya the / inake gRhastha ziSya cAMdirAja ne, jo vANasavaMza meM utpanna hayA thaa| ukta cAMdirAja ne tribhuvana tilaka nAma kA caityAlaya banavAyA. aura usameM zAntinAtha aura pArzva-supArzva kI mUrtiyAM banavAkara pratiSThita kI, aura unakI pUjAdi ke liye mahAsena ko dAna diyaa| yaha lekha zaka saM0 676 san 1054 kA hai / ataH mahAsena kA samaya vikrama kI 11vIM zatAbdI kA madhyakAla honA caahiye| 1. amunA mAdhakcandra diya gaNinA vidya cakakezinA, kSapaNAsAra makAri bAhubali sanmaMtrIza saMjJaptaye / zakakAle zarasUryacandra gaNite (1125) jAte pure kSullake zubhade du'dubhivatsare vijayatAmAcaMndratAraM bhuvi / / 16 -kSapaNAsAra gama prazasti 2. jaina lekha saM0 bha02 pR0 227-28) 3. jaina lekha saMgraha a-2 10 227-28)

Page #299
gyArahavIM aura bArahavI zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 265 cAmuNDarAya cAmuNDarAya-brahma-kSatriya vaMza ke vaizya kula meM utpanna hue the| zilAlekha meM inheM 'brahmakSatrakulodayAcala zirobhUSAmaNi' kahA gayA hai / yaha gaMgavazI rAjA rAcamalla ke pradhAna maMtrI aura senApati the / rAcamalla caturtha kA rAjyakAla zaka saM0866 se 106 (vi0 saM0 1031 se 1041) taka sunizcita hai| ye gagavanamArasiMha ke uttarAdhikArI the| cAmuNDarAya inake samaya bhI senApati rahe haiN| inakA dharu nAma 'gommaTa' thA prora 'rAya' rAjA rAcamalla dvArA pradatta padavI thii| isa kAraNa inakA nAma gommaTarAya bhI thaa| bAhabali kI mUrti kA nAma 'gommaTa. jina' aura paMca saMgraha kA nAma 'gommaTa-saMgraha sUtra' inhIM ke nAma ke kAraNa hupA hai kyoMki cAmuNDarAya ke prazna ke anasAra hI dhavalAdi siddhAntoM para se nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI ne gommaTa sAra kI racanA kI hai| mArasiMha aura inake uttarAdhikArI putra rAcamalla kA samaya gaMgavaMza ke lie bhayAvaha thA: kyoMki pazcimI cAlakya. nolamba tathA pallava prAdi gaMga vaza ke zatru the / cAlukyoM ke khatare ke vinAza kA zreya cAmuNDarAya ko hai| zravaNavelgola ke kage brahmadeva stambha para utkIrNa lekha (674 I0) meM likhA hai ki isa prasiddha dargapara hae aAkramaNa ne vizva ko prAzcarya meM DAla diyaa| cAmuNDarAya ne apane purANa meM isa bAta ko svIkAra kiyA hai ki isa vijaya meM hI unheM 'raNaraMga siha' kI upAdhi prApta huI thii| cAmuNDarAya kevala mahAmAtya hI nahI the kintu vIra senAnAyaka bhI the| inake samAna zUgvIra aura daDha svAmI bhakta matrI karnATaka ke itihAsa me anya nahI huA / inhone apane svAmI ke lie aneka yuddha jIte the| govindarAja, vekAgaja Adi aneka rAjAno ko parAsta kiyA thaa| isake upalakSya meM unheM samagra bosa taNDa. raNaraMgasiha, vairikUla-kAla daNDa, asahAya parAkrama, pratipakSa rAkSasa, bhuja vikrama aura samara-parazarAma Adi viruda prApta hue the / aura kaunasI upAdhi kisa yuddha ke jItane para milI, isakA ullekha nimna prakAra hai : khaDaga yuddha meM vajvaladeva ko harAne para unheM 'samaradhuraMdhara upAdhi prApta huI thii| nolamba yuddha meM gonara [ ke maidAna meM unhoMne jo vIratA dikhalAI usake upalakSa meM 'vIra mArtaNDa' kI upAdhi milii| ukkAMgI rAjAditya se vIratA pUrvaka lar3ane ke upalakSa meM 'raNaraMga siha' upAdhi prApta huii| aura vAgeyUra vA (vAmIkara) ke kile meM tribhavana vIra ko mArane aura govindarAja ko usameM na ghumane dene ke upalakSa meM vairIkala-kAlA upAdhi prApta huii| rAjA kAma ke kile meM rAja vAsa, sivara, kuNAmika prAdi yoddhAnoM ko parAsta karane ke kAraNa unheM bhaja vikrama' upAdhi se alaMkRta kiyA gyaa| apane choTe bhAI nAgavarmA ke ghAtaka mudrAcaya ko, jo caladaMka gaMga aura gaMgara bhaTTa ke nAma se prasiddha thA, mAra DAlane ke upalakSa meM 'samaraparazurAma' pada se vibhapita kiyA gyaa| eka kabIle ke makhiyA ko parAjita karane ke upalakSa meM 'pratipakSa-rAkSasa' upAdhi milii| aura aneka yoddhAoM ko mArane ke kAraNa unheM 'bhaTamAri' upAdhi prApta huI / dhArmikatA aura naitikatA kI dRSTi se bhI unheM samaya kara, satya yudhiSThira, paura subhaTa cUDAmaNi Adi upAdhiyAM prApta huii| ina saba upAdhiyoM se aisA lagatA hai ki cAmuNDarAya apane samaya kA kitanA pratApI aura vIra senApati thaa| yaha kevala vIra senApati hI nahIM thA kintu acchA vidvAn aura kavi bhI thaa| unakI upalabdhiyAM unakI mahattA aura gaurava kI saMdyotaka haiN| 1. zilAlekha naM0 165 jaina lekha saM0 prathama bhAga lekha naM0 106 / 2. zrImadapratihataprabhAvasyAdvAdazAsanaguhAbhyantara nivAsipravAdi madAMdhasidhura siMhAyamAna siMhanandi manIndrAbhinandita gaMgavaMzalalAma rAja sarvajJAdyaneka guNanAmadheya bhAgadheya zrImada rAjamalla deva mahIvallabha mahAmAtyapadavirAjamAna raNaraMga mallAsahAyaparAkramaguNaratnabhUSaNa samyaktvaratna nilayAdivividha guNanAmasamAsAdita kIrtikAnta zrImaccAmuMDarAya bhabya puNDarIka / -maMda prabodhikATIkA utthAnikA vAkya

Page #300
266 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 upalabdhiyAM gommaTa- saMgraha suttaM gommaTa siharuvari gommaTa jiNo ya / gommaTarAya-viNimmiya-dakkhiNa kukkUDa jiNo jyu||968 isa gAthA meM tIna kAryo kA ullekha hai aura unhI kA jayaghoSa kiyA gayA hai| gommaTa saMgraha sUtra gommaTa jina aura dakSiNa kukkuDa jina / gommaTa jina se bhagavAna neminAtha kI usa eka hAtha pramANa indranIla maNi kI pratimA se hai, jise gAmmaTa rAya ne banavA kara candragiri para sthita apane mandira meM sthApita kiyA thA aura dakSiNa kukkuDa jina se abhiprAya bAhubalI kI usa vizAla mUti se hai jo podanapura meM bharata cakravartI ne bAhubalI kI unhIM ke zarIrAkRti jaisI mUrti banavAI thI, jo kukkuTasarpo se vyApta hone ke kAraNa durlabha darzana ho gaI thii| usI ke anurUpa yaha mUti vindhyagiri para virAjamAna kI gaI hai| dakSiNa vizepaNa usakI bhinnatA kA dyotaka hai| cAmaNDarAya kI amara kIrti kA mahatva pUrNa pratIka zravaNabelagola meM pratiSThApita jagadvikhyAta vAhubali kI mUti hai, jo 57 phITa unnata aura vizAla hai / aura jisakA nirmANa cAmaNDagaya ne karAyA thaa| aura jo dhUpa, varSA sardI garmI aura prAMdhI kI bAdhAoM ko sahate hue bhI avicala sthita hai| mUrti zilpI kI kalpanA kA sAkAra rUpa hai| mati ke nava Adi vaise hI aMkina hai jaise unakA Aja hI nirmANa hayA hai| cAmaNDarAya ne bAhabalI kI mUrti kI pratiSThA I0 181 meM karAI thii| lagabhaga eka hajAra varSa kA samaya vyatIta ho jAne para bhI vaha vaisI hI sundara pratIta hotI hai vaha dazavaM Azcarya ke rUpa meM ulikhita kI jAtI hai| darzaka ko agviM use dekhate hI prasannatA se bhara jAtA hai| bAhubalI kI yaha mUti dhyAnAvasthAko hai, ve kevala jJAna hone se pUrva jima rUpa meM sthita the, vahI latA vele jo bAhuoM taka utkINita hai ora nIce mI kA vAmiyA bho banI haI hai| usI rUpa ko kalAkAra ne akita kiyA hai / dargaka mUti ko dekhakara tRpta nahI hotaa| usakI bhAvanA use bAra-bAra dekhane kI hotI hai / mUrti darzana se jo prAtma lAbha hotA hai vaha use zabdo dvArA vyakta nahIM kara sktaa| usake avalokana se yaha bhAvanA abhivyakta hotI hai ki antima samaya meM isa mUrti kA darzana ho / cAmaNDarAya kI yaha aitihAsika dena mahAn pAra amara hai| zilAlekha meM cAmuNDarAya dvArA banavAya jAne kA ullekha hai / aura gommaTa sagraha sutta se abhiprAya gommaTasAra se hai| dUsarI upalabdhi 'tripThi zalAkA purupa carita' hai| jise cAmuNDagaya ne zaka saM 100 IsvI san 178 (vi0 saM01035) meM banAkara samApta kiyA thaa| isameM caubIsa tIrthakageM ke caritra ke sAtha cakravartI Adi mahAparuSoM kA pAvana jIvana aMkita kiyA gayA hai / isake prArambha meM likhA hai ki isa caritra ko pahale kaci bhaTTAraka tadanantara nandi manIzvara, tatpazcAt kavi paramezvara aura tatpazcAt jinamena guNabhadra svAmI isa prakAra paramparA se kahate Aye hai, aura unhI ke anumAra maiM bhI kahatA huuN| maMgalAcaraNa meM gaddhapicchAcArya me lekara ajitamena paryanta prAcAryo kI stuti kI hai aura anta meM zrata kevalI dazapUrvadhara, ekAdazAMgadhara, prAcAgaMgadhara, pUrvAga dezavara ke nAma kaha kara ahaMbalI, mAghanandi, bhRtabali puSpadanta guNadhara zAma kuNDAcArya, tambU lUrAcArya, samantabhadra, zubhanandi vinandi, elAcArya, nAgasena, vIrasena jinamena Adi kA ullekha kiyA hai| phira apane guru kI stuti kI hai| yaha purANa prAyaH gadyamaya hai, padya bahuta hI kama hai| kanar3I bhASA ke upalabdha graMthoM meM cAmuNDarAya purANa hI sabase prAcIna mAnA jAtA hai| cAmaNDagaya ke guru kA nAma ajitamenAcArya hai, jo usa samaya ke bar3e bhArI vidvAna the| tapasvI aura kSamAzIla the| unake aneka ziSya the| vaMkApura meM unhoMne aneka ziSyoM ko zikSA dii| prAcArya nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI para bhI unakA sneha thA / cAmuNDarAya ke pragnAnusAra hI unhoMne paMcasaMgraha (gommaTasAra kA racanA kI thii| cAmuNDagaya vIra aura dAnI the / ) jainadharma ke lie unhoMne jo kucha kiyA, usase bhAratIya itihAsa meM unheM amara banA diyA hai| tIsarI upalabdhi cAritrasAra yA bhAvanAsAra hai / jisakI unhoMne tattvArtha vArtika, rAddhAMta sUtra, mahApurANa aura prAcAra granthoM se sAra lekara racanA kI hai, jaisA ki usake antima nimna padyame prakaTa hai : tatvArtharAddhAMta mahApurANe svAcArazAstreSu ca vistaroktam pAkhyAtsamAsAdanuyogavedI cAritrasAraM raNaraMgasiMhaH //

Page #301
gyArahavIM-bArahavI zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 267 isameM gRhastha ora muniyoM ke prAcAra kA vyavasthita varNana hai| usakA sakalana sambaddha paura sundara hai| kathana kI sambaddhatA ho usakI pramANikatA kA mApadaNDa hai, yaha grantha hindI anuvAda ke sAtha prakAzita ho cukA hai| gommaTamAra kI dezI karNATaka vRni bhI inakI banAI huI kahI jAto he para vaha abhI taka upalabdha nahI cikakaveTa para inake dvArA eka vadi banAye jAne kA ullekha milatA hai| inake putra kA nAma jinadevaNa thA, jo ajitasenAcArya kA zipya thaa| jinadevaNa ne zravaNavalgola meM jina mandira kA nirmANa karAyA thaa| yaha lekha zaka sa0662 (man 1040) meM utkIrNa kiyA gayA hai| mahAkavi vIra ___ kavi vIra lADavAgaDa vaza ke gRhastha vidvAn the| unake pitA kA nAma devadatta thA, jo acche vidvAn kavi the / inake putra vIra kavi ne apane pitA kI cAra kRtiyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| paddhaDiyA chanda meM varAgacarita, sarasa caccArayA badha me zAntinAtha kA mahAna yazogAna (zAntinAtha gasa) vidvatsabhA kA manorajana karane vAlI saddhaya vIra kathA, aura ambAdevI kA gaga / khada hai ki kavi devadatta kI ye cAroM racanAeM upalabdha nahIM hai / kavi mAlavA ke guDakheDa grAma ke nivAsI the / gaDakheDa nAma kA yaha gAva mAlavA meM gindhavI nagarI ke sannikaTa kahI basA hayA thaa| pUrva mAlavA meM jamUnA se nikalane vAlI eka choTo nadI kA nAma kAlI sindhu yA mindha nadI hai / yaha nadI prAcIna dazArNa kSetra meM jimakI prAcIna gajadhAnI vidizA thI, meM bahatI haI padmAvatI nAmaka sthAna para pAkara carmaNvatI (cavala) nadI se bhopAla ke nikaTa nikalane vAlI pAga nadI meM mila jAtI hai / aura Age jAkara dono nadiyA vatavA meM gira jAtI hai / imI mindha nadI ke kinAre para bhopAla ke pUrva aura vidizA me uttara meM sindhavI nagarI rahI hogii| isa nagarI ke mApa hI kahI gaDakheDa grAma bamA hanA hogaa| kavi devadatta kA samaya sa0 1050 hai / kavi kA ambAdevI gama nAla aura laya ke sAtha gAyA jAtA thaa| aura jina caraNoM ke samIpa nRtya kiyA jAtA thA, yaha samyaktvarUpI mahAbhAra kI dharA ke dhAraka the| kavi devadatta kI satuvA bhAryA se vinaya sampanna vIra nAma kA putra utpanna huA thaa| kavi ke buddhimAna tIna choTe mahodara bhAI aura bhI the| jo sIhalla, lakSaNAka aura jasaI nAmo me vikhyAta the / vIra kavi ne kahA aura kisame zikSA pAI. isakA koI ullekha nahIM kiyaa| kavi ne zabda zAstra, chanda zAstra, nighaTa, tarka zAstra tathA prAkRta kAvya metabaMdha kA adhyayana kiyA thA, middhAnta zAtroM ke adhyayana ke sAtha lokika zikSA meM bhI nipuNatA prApta kI thii| kevala kAvya racanA unake jIvana kA vyApAra nahI thA kintu vaha rAjya kArya, artha aura kAma kI carcAnoM meM bhI salagna rahatA thA / vyasta jIvana rahane ge ho use jabUsvAmI carita kI racanA meM eka varSa kA samaya lagA thaa| kavi kI cAra striyoM thii| jinavatI, paM.mAvatI, lIlAvatI aura jyaadevii| pahalI patnI se nemacandra nAma kA eka putra bhI 1 gina grahayaM banago nadola janamelna pogale mantri-cAmuNDana nandanolavi mADimida jina devaNanajitamana-manibara gRha // 1 -jainalekha saM0 bhA0 1 pR0 146 1. saha anthi parama jigaNa payamaragA, gulakheDa viriNagarau suhacaraNa / mirinADhavaggu hi vimala jaga, kai devayattu nimbUDha kasu / baha bhAvaha je varagacariu, paddhaDiyAba uddhariu / kavigUgagarama raniyaviumaha, vitthariya suddaya vIra kaha / caccagyibadhi vigiu magmu, gAijjai satiu tArajasu / naccijjara jigaNapaya mevAha, kiu gasau aMbAdevAha / mammattamahAbharadhugdharaho, taho sarasadadevi lddhvrho| -jabU sAmicariu 1-4

Page #302
268 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 thaa|' jo vinaya guNa se sampanna thaa| vIra kavi vidvAn aura kavi hone ke sAtha-sAtha guNa-grAhI, nyAyapriya aura samudAra vyakti thA / vaha sAdhucarita puruSoM ke prati vinayI, anukampAvAna aura dharmaniSTha zrAvaka hote hue bhI vaha saccA vIra puruSa thA / kavi ko samAja ke vibhinna vargo meM jIvana-yApana karane ke vividha sAdhanoM kA sAkSAta anubhava thA / prAcIna kaviyoM ke prasiddha granthoM, alaMkAra aura kAvya lakSaNoM kA kavi ko tala sparzI jJAna thA vaha kAlidAsa aura bANa kI racanAoM se prabhAvita thaa| unakI guNa grAhakatA kA spaSTa ullekha grantha kI caturtha sandhi ke anta meM pAye jAne vAle nimna padya se milatA hai : guNA NamutiguNaM guNiNo na sahaMti paraguNe daTThe / vallahaguNA vi gaNiNo viralA kaivIra - sAricchA // guNa athavA nirguNa puruSa guNoM ko nahIM jAnatA aura guNIjana dUsare ke guNoM ko bhI nahIM dekhate - unheM saha bhI nahI sakate, parantu vIra kavi ke sadRza kavi virale haiM, jo dUsare ke guNoM ko samAdara kI dRSTi se dekhate haiM / vIra kevala kavi hI nahI the, kintu bhakti rasa ke bhI premI the / unhoMne meghavana meM pASANa kA eka vizAla jina mandira banavAyA thA aura usI meghavana paTTaNa meM varddhamAna jinakI vizAla pratimA kI pratiSThA kI thI / grantha prazasti meM kavi ne mandira nirmANa aura pratimA pratiSThA ke saMvanAdi kA koI ullekha nahI kiyA / kintu itanA to nizcita hI hai ki jabUsAmicariu kI racanA se pUrva mandira nirmANa aura pratimA pratiSThAdi kA kArya sampanna huA hai| racanA kavi kI eka mAtra racanA 'jaMbUsA micariu' hai / isa grantha kA dUsarA nAma 'zRMgAravIra mahAkAvya ' hai / isameM antima kevalI jaMbU svAmI ke caritra kA citraNa kiyA gayA hai| isa grantha kI racanA meM kavi ko eka varSa kA samaya laga gayA thA, kyoMki kavi ko rAjyAdi kArya ke sAtha dharma, artha aura kAma kI goSThI meM bhI samaya lagAnA par3atA thA, prataeva grantha racanA ke liye alpa samaya mila pAtA thA / grantha 11 sandhiyoM meM vibhAjita hai / caritra citraNa karate hue kavi ne mahAkAvyoM meM rasa aura alaMkAroM kA sarasa varNana karake grantha ko atyanta AkarSaka aura paThanIya banA diyA hai / kathA pAtra bhI uttama haiM jinake jIvana-paricaya se grantha kI upayogitA kI abhivRddhi huI hai / zRMgAra rasa, vIra rasa, aura zAnta rasa kA yatra-tatra vivecana diyA huA hai| kahIM-kahI zRgAra mUlaka vIrarasa hai / grantha meM 1. suhasIla suddhavaso jaggaraNI siri saMtuA bhariyA || 6 || jassa ya pamaNNa vayaraNA lahuggo sumaH sahoyarA niNi / sIhalla lakkhA jasai nAmetti vikvAyA ||7|| jAyA jassa maNiTThA jiraNavai pomAvai pugo bIyA / lIlAvaitti naiyA pacchima bhajjA jayAdevI ||8|| paDhamakalattaM garuho satAraNa kayatta viDavi pAgeho / virAya guNamaNi nihAraNo taraNao taha namicaMdo tti // // --jabU sAmi ca0 antima prazasti 2. so jayau kaI vIrAM vIrajiraNadassa kAriya jeNa / pAhAraNamaya bhavaNaM virudde se ga mehavaNe // 10 // itthevadiNe mehavaraNa paTTaNe vaDDhamANa jiraNapaDimA / tegA vi mahAkaraNA vIreNa paryATThiyA pavarA / / 4 - jaMbU svAmi ca0 prazasti prayatna karane para bhI 'meghavana' kA koI vizeSa paricaya upalabdha nahI huA, parantu 'mehavana' nAma kA koI sthAna vizeSa rahA hai jo usa samaya dhana-dhAnyAdi se sampanna thaa|

Page #303
pArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 266 alaMkAroM kA cayana do prakAra kA pAyA jAtA hai, eka camatkArika aura dUsarA gvAbhAvika / prathama kA udAharaNa nimna prakAra hai : bhAraha-raNa-bhUmiva sa-rahamIsa hari prajjuNa paula siMhaDidosa / guru prAsatthAma kaliMga cAra gaya gajjira sasara-mahIsasAra / laMkA nayarI va sarAvaNIya caMdaNahi cAra kalahAvaNIya / sapalAsa-sakaMcaNa akkha aDaDha savihIsaNa-kaikula phala rsdd'ddh'| ina padyoM meM vindhyAvaTI kA varNana karate hae ilepa prayoga me do artha dhvanita hote hai-sa raha-ratha sahita aura eka bhayAnaka jIvana hari-kRSNa pIra siha, arjuna aura vakSa nahala aura nakula jIva, zikhaDi aura mayura Adi / svAbhAvika vivecana ke liye pAMcavIM sandhi me zRgAra mUlaka vIra rasa kA udAharaNa nimna prakAra haikerala nareza magAMka kI putrI vilAmavatI ko ratnazekhara vihAdhara ge sarakSita karane ke liye jabUkamArale hI yaTa karane jAte haiN| pIche magadha ke zAmaka zreNika yA bimbamAra kI senA bhI sajadhaja ke sAtha yuddhasthala meM pahuMca jAtI hai. kintu jaMbUkumAra apanI nirbhaya prakRti aura amAdhAraNa dhairya ke sAtha yuddha karane ko prottejana dene vAlI vIroktiyA~ bhI kahate haiM tathA aneka udAtta bhAvanAoM ke sAtha sainikoM kI patniyA bhI yuddha meM jAne ke liye unheM prerita karatI haiN| yuddha kA varNana bhI kavi ke zabdoM maM pddhiye| akka miyaMka sakka kaMpAvaNu, hA muya sIyahe kAraNe raavnnu| daliya dappa dappiya mai mohaNu, kavaNu aNatthu pattu dojjohnnu| tujjhu Na dosu vaiva kiu dhAvai, aNau karatu mahAvai pAvai / jiha jiha daDa karaMviu jaMpai, tiha tiha kheyaru rosahi kNpi| ghadra kaMTha sirajAlu palittau, caMDagaMDa pAseya psittu| daTThA haru guMjajjalu loyaNu, puru duraMta NAsau bhyaavnnu| pekkhe vi pahu sarosu saNNAmahi, vuttu voharu maMtihi tAmahi / aho prahA hUya hUya sAsasa gira, jaMpai cAvi uddaNDa gabhiu kir| aNNaho jIha eha kaho vaggae, khayara vi sarisa garesa ho agge| bhaNai kumAru eha rai luddhau, vasaNa mahaNNavi tummahi chuddhau / rosante riuhiyacchu viNA suNai, kajjAkajja balAbalu Na munni| prastuta grantha kI bhApA prAMjala, mubodha, sarasa aura gambhIra artha ko pratipAdaka hai, aura isameM pUSpadantAna mahAkaviyoM ke kAvya-granthoM kI bhASA ke samAna hI pror3hatA aura artha gaurava kI chaTA yatra-tatra dRSTigocara hotI hai| jambUsvAmI antima kevalI haiN| ise digambara zvetAmbara dono hI mampradAya nivivAda rUpa se mAnate haiM aura bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa meM jambU svAmI ke nirmANa taka kI paramparA bhI ubhaya sampradAyoM meM prAya eka-sI hai kintu usake bAda donoM meM matabheda pAyA jAtA hai| jambU svAmI apane samaya ke aitihAsika mahApuruSa harA haiN| ve kAma ke asAdhAraNa vijetA the| unake lokottara jIvana kI jhAMkI hI caritraniSThA kA eka mahAna Adarza rUpa jagata ko pradAna karatI hai| unake pavitratama upadeza ko pAkara hI vidyuccara jaisA mahAna cora bhI apane caura karmAdi duSkarmoM kA parityAga kara apane pAMca sau yoddhAoM ke sAtha mahAna tapasviyoM meM agraNIya tapasvI ho jAtA hai aura vyaMtarAdi kRta mahAna upasargoM ko sasagha sAmyabhAva se sahakara sahiSNutA kA eka mahAna Adarza upasthita karatA hai| usa samaya magadha deza kA rAjA bimbasAra yA theNika thA, usakI rAjadhAnI rAjagaha thI, jise vartamAna meM 1. dekho jaina grantha prazasti magraha bhA0 2 kA 54 pRSTha kA ttippnn| 2. digambara jaina paramparA me jambU mvAmI ke pazcAt viSNu nandi, nandimitra, aparAjita, govardhana aura bhadrabAha ye pAMca zratakevalI mAne jAte hai| kintu zvetAmbara parampaga meM prabhava, zayyabhava, yazobhadra, AryasabhUtivijaya aura bhadrabAhu ina pAca zratakevaliyo kA nAmollekha pAyA jAtA hai / iname bhadrabAhu ko chor3a kara cAra nAma eka dUsare meM bilkula bhinna hai|

Page #304
270 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 loga rAjagira ke nAma se pukArate haiN| granthakartA ne magadhadeza aura rAjagaha kA varNana karate hae vahA~ ke rAjA zreNika bimbasAra ke pratApAdi kA jo saMkSipta paricaya diyA hai vaha isa prakAra hai : caMDa bhajadaMDa khaDiya maMDaliya maMDalI visaDDhe / dhArA khaMDaNa bhIyavva jayasirI vasai jassa khaggaMke // 1 // re re palAha kAyara muhaI pekkhai na saMgare saamii| iya jassa payAvadyosaNAe vihaDaMti vairiNo dUre // 2 // jassa rakkhiya gomaMDalassa purusuttamassa pddhaae| ke kesavA na jAyA samare gaya paharaNA riuNo // 3 // arthAt jinake pracaMDa bhajadaMDa ke dvArA pracaMDa mADalika gajAnoM kA samUha khaMDita ho gayA hai| jisane apanI bhajAoM ke bala meM mAMDalika gajAoM ko jIta liyA hai| aura dhAga khaDana ke bhaya me hI mAno jayazrI jisake khaGgAGka meM vasatI hai| ___rAjA zreNika maMgrAma meM yuddha me saMtramta kAyara puruSoM kA mukha nahIM dekhte| re, re kAyara purupo ! bhAga jApro-isa prakAra jisake pratApa varNana me hI zatra dUra bhAga jAte haiN| go maNDala (gAyoM kA samUha) jima naraha puruSottama viSNa ke dvAga rakSita rahatA hai| usI taraha vaha pathva maNDala bhI gurupoM meM uttama rAjA theNika ke dvAga rakSita rahatA hai, rAjA zreNika ke samakSa yuddha meM aise kona zatra mubhaTa hai, jo mRtyu ko prApta nahIM hue, athavA jinhoMne kezava (viSNa) ke Age prAyudharahita hokara Atma-samarpaNa nahIM kiyaa| isa grantha kA kathA bhAga vahata hI sundara, saraga tathA manorajaka hai, aura kavi ne kAvyocita mabhI guNoM kA dhyAna rakhate hue use paTanIya banAne kA yatna kiyA hai / kathA kA saMkSipta sAra isa prakAra hai.:-- kathAsAra jamba dvIpa ke bharata kSetra meM magadha nAma kA deza hai, usameM zreNika (bimbamAra) nAmakA rAjA rAjya karatA thaa| eka dina rAjA zreNika apanI sabhA meM baiThe hue the ki vanamAlI ne vipulAcalapara mahAvIra svAmI ke samavasaraNa pAne kI sUcanA dii| zreNika mUnakara hapita hayA aura usane menA Adi vaibhava ke sAtha bhagavAna kA darzana karane ke lie prayANa kiyaa| zreNika ne mamavasaraNa meM pahuMcane meM pUrva hI apane rAmamna vaibhava ko chor3akara paidala mamavasaraNa meM praveza kiyA aura varddhamAna bhagavAna ko praNAma kara dharmopadeza sunaa| imo samaya eka tejasvI deva aAkAza mArga meM prAtA huA dikhAI diyA / gajA theNika dvArA isa deva ke viSaya meM pUche jAne para gotama svAmI ne batalAyA ki isakA nAma vidyunmAlI hai aura yaha apanI cAra devAMganAoM ke sAtha yahAM vandanA karane ke liye pAyA hai / yaha Aja se 7va dina svarga me cayakara madhyaloka meM utpanna hokara umI manuSyabhava me mokSa prApta kregaa| rAjA yaNika ne isa deva ke vipaya meM vizepa jAnane kI icchA vyakta kI, taba gautama svAmI ne kahA ki--isa deza meM varddhamAna nAmakA eka nagara hai| usameM veda ghoSa karane vAle, yajJa meM pazubali denevAle, soma pAna karane vAle, paraspara kaTu vacanoM kA vyavahAra karane vAle, aneka brAhmaNa rahate the| unama atyanta guNajJa eka brAhmaNa dampati zrutakaNTha AyaM vasu rahatA thaa| usakI patnI kA nAma somazarmA thaa| umame do putra hue the| bhavadatta aura bhavadeva / jaba donoM kI Ayu kramazaH 18 aura 12 varSa huI, taba Arya vam pUrvopAjita pApakarma ke phala svarUpa kuSTa roga se pIr3ita ho gayA aura jIvana se nirAza hokara citA banAkara agni meM jalamarA / somazarmA bhI apane priya viraha se duHkhita hokara citA meM pravezakara paraloka vAsinI ho gaI / kucha dina bItane ke pazcAta usa nagara meM 'sudharma' nAma ke muni kA Agamana hunaa| muni ne dharma kA upadeza diyA, bhavadatta ne dharma kA svarUpa zAnta bhAva se ranA, bhavadatta kA mana sasAra meM anurakta nahIM hotA thaa| ataH usane prArambha parigraha se rahita digambara muni banane kI apanI abhilASA vyakta kI aura vaha digambara bhUni ho gayA / aura dvAdazavarSa tapazcaraNa karane ke bAda bhavadatta eka bAra saMgha ke sAtha apane grAma ke samIpa caa| aura apane kaniSTha bhrAtA bhavadeva ko saMgha meM dIkSita karane ke lie ukta vardhamAna grAma meM

Page #305
gyArahavI aura bAyahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 271 aayaa| usa samaya bhavadeva kA durmarSaNa aura nAga devI kI putrI nAgavasu se vivAha ho gayA thaa| bhAI ke prAgamana kA samAcAra pAkara bhavadeva usame milane pAyA, Ara snehapUrNa milane ke pazcAt use bhojana ke liye apane ghara me le jAnA cAhatA thA, parantu bhavadatta bhavadava ko apane sagha ma le gayA aura vahA munivara me sAdhu dIkSA dene ko kahA bhavadeva amamajasa ma par3a gayA, kyAni use ghara ma rahate hue viSaya-sukho kA AkarSaNa jo thA, kintu bhAI kA usa sadicchA kA apamAna karane kA ume mAhama na huaa| prAra upAyAntara na dekha pravRjyA (dIkSA) lakara bhAI ke manoratha ko pUrNa kiyA, aura muni hone ke pazcAta 12 vapa taka madha ka sAtha deza-videzo ma bhramaNa karatA rhaa| kintu umake mana meM nAgavam ke pratigagabhAva banA rahA / eka dina apane grAma ka pAsa ge niklaa| uge vipaya-cAha ne AkarSita kiyA aura vaha apanI strI kA gmagNa va ratA hayA eka jinAlaya me pahaMcA, vahA umane eka ajikA kA degA, vrato ke pAlane me atikRgagAtra, agthi pajara mAtra gapa rahane me bhavadeva una pahacAna na makA / ata usama umane apanI strI ke viSaya me kagala vArtA pchii| zajitrA ne muni ke cina ka calAyamAna dekhakara unhe dharma meM sthira kiyA aura kahA ki vaha aApakI patnI doh| pApaka dIkSA kA gamAcAra galane para mai bhI dIkSita ho gaI thii| bhavadeva punaH chedopasthApanA pUrvaka mayama kA anumAna para lgaa| anna ma dono kA marakara manatkumAra nAmaka svarga meM deva hA pora mAta sAgara kI A7 taka kA vAga kiyaa| bhavadatta kA jIva gvaga meM cayakara eNTagekino nagarI meM vajradatta rAjA ka ghara sAgaracanda nAma kA aura bhavadeva kA jIva vItagovA nagarI ka gajA mahA padma ca kvIM kA vanamAlA rAnI ke ziva kumAra nAma kA putra hugrA / zivakumAra kA 105 kanyA prAge vivATa hayA, karATA unaka aga rakSaka the, jA unheM bAhara nahIM jAne dete th| puDaNrIkinI nagarI ma cAraNa muniyA ga prapane pUrva janma kA pattAnna sunakara mAgara candra ne daha-bhogA se virakta ho muni dIkSA llii| trayodaza prakA* ke cAritra kA anuSThAna karate hue bhAI ko sambodhita karane vAtagokA nagarI meM pdhaare| zivakumAra ne apane mahalA ke Upara meM muniyA ko dekhA, use pUrva janma kA smaraNa ho pAyA, umake mana me deha-bhogo se viraktatA kA bhAva utpanna hayA, umane gaja prAmAda meM kolAhala maca gyaa| ora usane apane mAtA-pitA se dIkSA lene kI anumati maagii| pitA ne bahuta samajhAyA aura kahA ki ghara meM hI tapa ora vrato kA anuSThAna ho sakatA hai| dIkSA lene kI AvazyatA nahI, pitA ke anurodha vaza kumAra ne taraNojano ka madhya ma rahate hA bhI virakta bhAva ge nava prakAra meM brahmacarya vrata kA anuSThAna kiyaa| grAra dUmaga me bhikSA lekara tapa kA AcaraNa kiyaa| ora prAyU ke anta ma vaha vidyanmAlI nAma kA deva dyaa| vahA daga mAgara kI prAyu taka cAra devAganAmro ka sAtha sukha bhogatA rahA / ava vahI vidyanmAlI deva yA AyA thA, jo mAnava dina manuSyarUpa meM avatArita hogA / gajA thaNika ne vidyanmAlI kI una cAra devAganAyo ke viSaya ma pUchA / taba gautama svAmI ne batAyA ki campAnagarI ma mugmena nAma ke meTha kI cAra striyA thI jinake nAma jayabhadrA, subhadrA, dhAriNI aura yazomatI / vaha meTha pUrva macita pApa ke udaya se kuSTa roga meM pIDita hokara mara gayA, usakI cAge striyA ajikAe ho gaI aura tapa ke prabhAva me ve svarga meM vidyanmAlo kI cAra deviyaahaaN| pazcAta rAjA thaNika ne vidyaccara ke viSaya ma jAnane kI icchA vyakta kI / taba gautama svAmI ne kahA ki magadha deza ma hastinApura nAmaka nagara ke gajA visandhara aora zrImenA ganI kA putra vidyuccara nAma kA thaa| vaha saba vidyAo aura kalAno meM pAragana thA, eka cora vidyA hI aimI raha gaI thI jise usane na sIkhA thaa| rAjA ne vidyaccara ko bahuta samajhAyA, para usane corI karanA na chodd'aa| vaha apane pitA ke ghara meM hI pahaca kara corI kara latA thA aura rAjA ko supapta karaka umake kaTihAra Adi AbhUpaNa utAra letA thaa| aura vidyA bala se corI kiyA karatA thaa| aba vaha apane rAjya ko chor3akara rAjagRha nagara meM A gayA, ora vahA kAmalatA nAmaka vezyA ke sAtha ramaNa karatA huA samaya vyatIta karane lagA / gautama gaNadhara ne batAyA ki ukta vidyunmAlI deva rAjagRha nagara meM ahaMddAsa nAma ke zra pThi kA putra hogA, aora usI bhava me mokSa prApta kregaa| padmanandI (jambUdvIpapaNNattI ke kartA) padmanandI nAma ke aneka vidvAna ho gae haiN| unameM prastuta padmanandi uname bhinna jAna par3ate haiM / kyoMki

Page #306
272 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 unhoMne jambUdvIpa prajJapti meM jo prazasti dI hai, usame unakI gurupamparA nimna prakAra hai :-ataH padmanandI vIranaMdi ke prazipya aura balanandi ke ziSya the| jambadvIpa prajJapti kI prazasti meM unhone apane ko guNa gaNakalita tridaNDa rahita, trizalya parizuddha, vigArava rahita, siddhAnta pAragata, tapa niyama yogayukta, jJAnadarzana carittodyukta aura prArambha rahita batalAyA hai apane guru valanandi ko sUtrArtha vicakSaNa, mati pragalbha, paraparivAda nivRtta, sarvasaga niHsaMga (parigraharahita) darzanajJAna cAritra me samyak adhigata mana, para tRpti nivRtta mana, aura vikhyAta sUcita kiyA hai| aura apane dAdA guru vIranandi ko paca mahAvrata zuddha, darzana zuddha , jJAna mayukna, sayama tA guNa mahita, rAgAdi vijita, dhIra, pacAcara samagra, SaT jIva dayAtatpara, vigata moha aura harSa viSAda vihIna vizeSaNo ke sAtha ullekhita kiyA hai / aura apane zAstra guru zrI vijaya ko nAnA narapati pUjita, vigatabhaya, saga bhaga unmukta, samyagdarzana zuddha mayama tapa-gIla mampUrNa, jinavaravacana vinirgata, paramAgama dezaka, mahAsatva, zrInilaya, guNasahita aura vikhyAta vizeSaNoM me prakaTa kiyA hai / padmanandi ne zrI vijaya guru ke pramAda me jambudvIpaNNattI ko racanA mAghanadi ke ziSya sakalacanda aura unake ziSya zrInandI ke liye kI hai| isa grantha meM 13 adhikAra hai jinakI gAthA makhyA 2427 pAI jAtI hai| grantha kA viSaya madhyaloka ke madhyavartI jambadvIpa kA kAlAdi vibhAga ke mAtha mukhyatA se varNana hai| ora vaha varNana prAyaH jambudvIpa ke bharata, rAvata mahAvideha kSetro, himavAna Adi parvato, gagA sindhvAdi nadiyo, padma mahApadmAdi draho, lanaNAdi samudro tathA anya vAhya pradezo, kAla ke utpamapiNI avamarpiNI Adi bheda-prabhedo, uname hone vAle parivartano ora jyotiSa paTalAdi me sambandha rakhatA hai| sAtha hI lokika-alokika gaNata, kSatrAdi kI pamANa aura pramANAdi ke kathano ko bhI sAtha meM liye hue hai| yaha gratha pugatana bhUgola- khagola kA sakSipta varNana karatA hai| grantha me racanAkAla kA koI ullekha nahIM hai, isa grantha kI pratilipi sa0 1518 se pUrva kI abhI taka upalabdha nahI huii| isase itanA sunizcata hai ki grantha ukta sa0 1518 me pUrva kA banA huA hai / jambUdvIpapaNNattI 1 tamma ya gugaNa gaNa-kalido nidaDa rahiyo timll-prisuddho| niriNavi gArava rahido simmo middhata-gaya-pAge // 162 tava ggiyama joga-jutto uvajUnI jaagaa-dggaa-cgnei| Arabha karaNa-rahido gAmegA pa umaNaMdittI // 163 2. nammevaya vara-simpo sunattha-viyamvago mi-pgmbho| para-parivAda-riNayattA gigasmago mavvasagasu // 160 mammata-abhigada-maraNo gAgge naha dasage caritte y| para taMti-gigayatamago balaggadi gurutti vivAo // 161 3 paca mahabvaya-sudvo dasagaNa-sudo ya gaann-sjutto| majama-nava-guNa-sahido gagAdi-vivajjido dhIge // 158 paMcAcAra-mamaggo chajjIva-dayAvage vigada-moho / harima-vimAya vihago gAmegA vIraNadi tti // 156 -jabUdvIpa prajJapti prazasti 4. gANA-Naravai-mahido vigayabhao sgbhgummukko| sammaddasaNamuddho sajama-tava-sIlasapUNNo // 143 jiNavara-vayaNa viNiggaya-paramAgamadesao mhaastto| siriNilao guNasahio sirivijayaguru ti vikkhAo // 144

Page #307
jyagarahavIM au bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 273 aura trilokasAra kI kucha gAthAoM meM sAdRzya pAyA jAtA hai| usase eka dUsare ke AdAna-pradAna kI AzaMkA hotI hai| trilokasAra kI racanA vikrama kI 11vI zatAbdI ke pUrvArdha kI hai| prazasti meM vArA nagara kA varNana karate hae use pAriyAtra deza meM sthita batalAyA hai hemacandra ke anumAra 'uttagevindhyAta, pAriyAtraH' vAkya me pAriyAtra deza vindhyAcala ke uttara meM hai| vaha usa samaya purakaraNI vAvaDo, sundara bhavanoM, nAnAjanoM se saMkIrNa aura dhana-dhAnya se samAkala, jina bhavanoM me vibhUpita, samyagdRSTi janoM aura mUni gaNoM ke samUhoM meM maMDina thaa| usameM vArA nagara kA prabha zakti bhUpAla gajya karatA thA, jo mamyagdarzana me gaddha, kuna-ta karma, zIla sampanna, anavarata dAna zIla, zAsana vatsala, dhIra, nAnA guNa kalita, narapati mapUjita kalAkugala aora narottama thA / nandi saMgha kI paTTAvalI meM vArA nagara ke bhadArakoM kI gahI kA ullekha hai| jisameM vi0 saM0 1144 me 1006 taka ke 12 bhaTTArakoM ke nAma diye haiN| padmanandi kI guru paramparA usase sambaddha jAna par3atI hai| rAjapUnAne ke itihAsa meM guhilota vazI rAjA naravAhana ke putra gAlivAhana ke uttarAdhikArI gakti kumAra kA ullekha milatA hai| grantha meM ullikhita zakti kumAra vahI jAna par3atA hai| ATapUra (AhAr3a) ke gilAlekha meM guhadana (gRhila) me lekara zakti kumAra taka kI pUrI vazAvalI dI hai| yaha lekha vi0 saM0 1034 vaizAkha zaklA 1 kA ligvA hayA hai| ataH yahI samaya jambUdvIpapaNNattI kI racanA kA nizcita hai / yaha padmanandi vitrama kI 11vI zatAbdI ke vidvAn haiN| inakI dUsarI racanA 'dhammagmAyaNa' hai| yaha grantha bhI inhIM kA batalAyA jAtA hai| jo 163 gAthAoM kA grantha hai jo sarala eva subodha hai| aura mANikacandra granthamAlA meM siddhAntamAra ke antargata prakAzita ho cakA hai| isameM dharma kI mahimA, dharma-adharma ke vivaka preraNA / parIkSA karake dharma grahaNa karane kI AvazyakatA, adharma kA phala narakAdike ke dukha marvajJa praNIta dharma kI upalabdhi na hone para caturgatirUpa sasAra paribhramaNa, marvajoM kI parIkSA aura sAgAra anagAra dharma kA makSipta paricaya vaNita hai| kavidhavala inakA janma viprakula meM huA thaa| inake pitA kA nAma sUra yA mUradeva thA aura mAtA kA nAma kesAla devI thA, kavi dhavala jina caraNoM meM anurakta aura nirgrantha RpiyoM kA bhakta thaa| kutIrtha aura kUdharma se virakta thaa| inake guru aMbageNa the, jo acche vidvAna aura vaktA the| unhoMne harivaMza pugaNa kA jisa taraha vyAkhyAna kiyA kavi ne usako usI taraha meM nibaddha kiyaa| kavi ne grantha meM racanA kAla nahIM diyA, ataeva racanA kAla ke nizcaya karane meM kaThinAI pratIta ho rahI hai| kavi ne apanI racanA meM apane me pUrvavartI aneka kaviyoM kA ora unakI racanAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai / kavi cakravartI dhIramena samyaktva yukta pramANa grantha vigepa ke kartA, devanandI (jainendra vyAkaraNa ke kartA) vajrasUri pramANa grantha ke kartA, mahAmena kA mulocanA carita, raviSeNa kA padma carita, jinamena kA harivaza purANa jaTila muni kA parAMgacarita, dinakaramena kA anagarita, padmamena kA pArzvanAtha carita, aMbasena kI amRtArAdhanA dhanadatta kA candraprabhacarita, aneka caritagranthoM ke racayitA viA Namena, sihanandi kI anuprekSA, naradeva kA NamokAra maMtra siddhamena kA bhavika vinoda, rAmanandI ke aneka kathAnaka, jinarakSita (jinapAlita) dhavalAdi grantha prakhyApaka, asaga kA vIra carita, govinda kavi (zve0) kA sanatkumAra carita, gAlibhadra kA jovaudyota, caturmagva, droNa, meDha mahAkavi kA pauma cariu Adi vidvAnoM aura unakI kRtiyoM kA ullekha hai / ina kaviyoM meM asaga ora padmamena ne apane granthoM meM racanA kAla kA ullekha kiyA hai| Asaga kavi kA samaya sa0 610 hai, ora padmasena kA samaya vi0 .1 deno jambUdvIpaNattI kI pragati kI 165 me 168 taka kI gAthAe / 2. dekho jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa (bambaI 1956 pR0 256-265) 3. mai vippa ho mUraho raNaMdagoNa, kemallaya uvari taha saMbhavaraNa / jiNavaraho caraNa anurattaeNa, riNaggaMthahaM rimiyahaM bhttenn| kutittha kudhamma virattaeNa, NAmuJjalu payaDu vahaMtaeNa / / 4. jaina grantha prazasti saMgraha bhA0 2 pR0 11

Page #308
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 274 REE hai| isase spaSTa hai ki dhavala kavi kA samaya vikrama kI 11vIM sadI hai arthAt asaga kavi 10vIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArdha ke vidvAna jAna par3ate haiM / racanA kavi kI eka mAtra kRti harivaMza purANa hai, jisameM 122 sandhiyAM haiM, jinameM 22ve tIrthakara yaduvaMzI bhagavAna neminAtha kI jIvana-gAthA zrakita kI gaI hai, sAtha hI, mahAbhArata ke pAtra kaurava ra pANDava eva zrIkRSNa prAdi mahApuruSoM kA jIvana carita bhI diyA huA hai| jisame mahAbhArata kA aitihAsika paricaya sahaja hI mila jAtA hai| grantha kI racanA pradhAnataH apabhraMza bhASA ke 'pajjhaTikA aura alillaha' chanda meM huI hai / tathApi usameM paddhaDiyA soraThA, ghattA, jAti nAginI, vilAsinI aura somarAjI Adi chandoM kA prayoga huA hai / kAvya kI dRSTi se grantha ke kitane hI varNana sajIva haiN| rasoM meM zRMgAra, vIra, karuNa aura zAnta rasoM ke abhivyajaka aneka sthala diye hue haiN| zrI kRSNa aura kaMsa ke yuddha kA varNana bhI sajIva huA hai / harivaMza pu0 saMdhi 60, 4 'mahAcaMDacittA bhaDAchiNNagattA, dhanubANa hatthA sakuMtA samatthA / pahAraMti sUrANa bhajjati dhIrA, sarosA satosA sahAmA sagrAmA // pracaNDa yoddhAoM ke gAtra TUka-TUka ho rahe haiM, aura dhanuSa bANa hAtha meM liye hue bhAlA calAne meM samartha sUra prahAra kara rahe haiM, parantu krodha, santopa, hAsya zrIra AzA me yukta dhIravIra yoddhA vicalita nahI ho rahe haiN| yuddha kI bhISaNatA me yuddha sthala viSama ho rahA hai, sainikoM kI mAro mAro kI dhvani se avara gUja rahA hai-rathavAlA rathavAle kI ora, azvavAlA azvavAle kI ora, aura gaja, gaja kI ora dor3a rahA hai, dhAnuSka vAlA dhAnuSka kI ora jhapaTa rahA vAdya jora se zabda kara rahe haiN| ghor3e hina hinA rahe haiM, aura hAthI ciMghAr3a rahe hai'| isa taraha yuddha kA sArA hI varNana sajIva hai / zarIra kI nazvaratA kA varNana bhI dRSTavya hai : savala rAjya bhI tatkSaNa naSTa ho jAtA hai / atyadhika dhana se kyA kiyA jAya ? rAjya bhI dhanAdika se hIna aura bace khuce jana samUha atyadhika dInatA pUrNa vartana karate hue dekhe jAte hai| sukhI bAndhava, putra, kalatra mitra sadA kisake bane rahate haiM, jaise utpanna hote haiM vaise hI meghavarSA se jala ke bulabuloM ke samAna vinaSTa ho jAte haiM / aura phira cAroM dizAoM meM apane nivAsa sthAna ko cale jAte haiM, jisa taraha pakSI rAtri meM eka jagaha ikaTThe ho jAte haiM aura phira cAroM dizAoM meM apane apane nivAsa sthAna ko cale jAte hai, athavA jisa prakAra bahuta meM pathika (nadI pAra karate hue) naukA para mila jAte hai phira saba apane apane abhISTa sthAna ko cale jAte hai / isI taraha iSTa priyajanoM kA samAgama thor3e samaya ke liye hotA hai / kabhI dhana AtA hai aura kabhI dAridra svapna samAna bhoga Ate aura naSTa ho jAte haiM, phira bhI ajJAnI jana inakA garva karate haiM / jisa yovana ke sAtha jarA ( bur3hApe kA sambandha hai usase kisako santoSa ho sakatA hai| valu rajju vi NAsai takkhaNeNa ki kijjai bahueNa vi dhaNeNa / rajju vi dhaNeNa parihINu hoi, niviseNa vidIsaha payaDulou / 1. "haraNa hA mAru mAru pabharatahi / daliya dharati reNu hi dhAyau, pisaluddhau luddhau Ayau / X X raha raha gayahu gaya dhAviu, ghANukkahu ghANukku parAyau / turaturaga kukhaggavihasthau, asivakkharahu laggu bhayacattau / vahi gahiratara haryAhisahi gulu gulatu gayavarabahudIsahi || - saMdhi - 10 X

Page #309
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 275 suhibaMdhava-putta-kalatta-mitta, Navi kAsuvi dIsahi NiccahaMta / jima huti bharaMti prasesa tema, bubbuva jali ghaNi varisaMti jema / jima sauNi mili vi taruvara vasati, cAuddi siNiya vasANi jaMti / jima bahu paMthiya NAvaI caiMti, puNui Niya Niya vAsahu te valaMti / tima iThTha samAgamu NivvaDaNu, dhaNuhoi hoi dAlidu puNu / dhattA-suviNAsau bhou laho vi puNu, gavvu karaMti prayANa gara / saMtosu kavaNu jovvaNa siyai, jahiM atthai annulggjraa| . madhi-61-7 granthakAra kA jahAM lokika varNana majIva hai, vahAM vIra gama kA zAnta rama meM pariNata ho jAnA bhI cittAkarSaka hai| grantha paThanIya aura prakAzana ke yogya hai| isakI pratiyA kArajA, baDA tegapaMthI mandira jayapura pAra dillA ke paMcAyatI mandira meM hai, parantu dillI kI prati apUrNa hai / jayakoti mUla maMgha dezIyagaNa hotage gaccha ke vidvAna the / jo pustakAnvayarUpI kamala ke liye sUrya ke mamAna the / aura aneka upavAsa aura cAndrAyaNa vrata karane meM prasiddha the| rAmasvAmI pradattadAna ke adhikArA tha / cikkahanasoMge kA yaha lekha yadyapi kAla nirdeza hita hai / aura zAntIzvara varmAda ke bAhara daravAje para unkINita hai| sambhavataH inakA pAnumAnika samaya 1100 I0 ke lagabhaga ho sakatA hai| - (jaina lekha ma0 bhA0 2 pR0357) brahmasena vratipa brahmasena pratipa--mUla magha, varamenagaNa aura pogarigaccha ke vidvAna the / inake ziSya prAyasena aura prazipya mahAsena the / brahmasena bar3e vidvAna tapasvI tha / aneka rAjA unake caraNoM kI pUjA karate the| mahAmena ke ziSya cAGki rAjane jo vANasavaza ke the, aora ketala devI ke prAMphisara the| unhoMne zAMtinAtha, pArzvanAtha aura supArzva tIrthakara kI vediyoM ko paunnavArDa meM tribhavana tilaka nAma ke caityAlaya meM bnvaayaa| unake liye zaka saM976 (mana 1054 I.) meM jamIna aura makAna dAna kiye / inakA samaya IsA kI 11vI zatAbdI hai| munizrIcandra--- lAla bAgaDa saMgha aura balAtkAragaNa ke prAcArya zrInandI ke zipya the| aura dhArA ke nivAsI the| unhoMne apanA purANasAra vi0 ma01080 (man 1023) meM banAkara samApta kiyA hai / raviNa ke padmacArata ko TIkA ko bhI unhoMne vi0 sa0 1087 meM dhArA nagarI meM rAjA bhojadeva ke rAjyakAla meM banAkara samApta kiyA hai| tIsarI kRti mahAkavi puSpadanta ke uttarapurANa kA TippaNa hai, jise unhoMne, sAgaramena nAma ke seddhAntika vidvAna se mahApurANa ke viSama-padoM kA vivaraNa jAnakara aura mUla TippaNa kA avalokana kara, vi0 saM0 1. jaina lekha saM0 bhA02pR 0 227 2. dhAgayApuri bhojadeva nRpate gajye jayAtyuccakaiH / zrI matsAgaramenato yatipate jJAtvA pugaNaM mahat / muktyarthaM bhavabhInibhItajagatA zrInandi ziSyo budhaH / kurve cArupurANamAramamalaM zrIcandranAmAmuniH / / zrIvikramAditya saMvatsare (azItyadhikavarSamahasra pugaNasAgabhidhAnaM samAptaM / -dekho purAgasAra prazasti 3. lAlabAgaDa zrI pravacanamena paDitAtpamacaritasmaka! (namAkarNya ?) balAtkAragaraNa zrInandyAcAryasatkaviziSyeNa zrI candramuninA zrImavikramAditya savatsare samAzIlyadhika varSa sahasra zrImaddhArAyAM zrImato rAjye bhojadevasya ..." / evamidaM padmacarita TippaNaM zrIcandramunikRtaM samAptamiti /

Page #310
276 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 1080 me rAjA bhoja ke rAjyakAla me racA hai|' cAtho kRti zivakoTi' ko bhagavatI ArAdhanA kA vaha TippaNa hai jisakA ullekha pa0 AzAdhara jI ne apana 'mUlArAdhanA darpaNa' meM na0 586 gAthA kI TIkA karate hue kiyA hai / muni zrIcandra kI ye sabhI kRtiyA~ dhArA meM hI racA gaI hai| ukta TIkA prazastiyA meM muni zrIcandra na sAgarasena ora pravacanasana nAma ke dA saddhAntika vidvAnA kA ullakha kiyA hai jA dhArA nivAsI tha / isase yaha spaSTa jAna par3atA hai ki usa samaya dhArA meM aneka jana vidvAna pAra muni nivAsa karate th| kezivarAjayaha sUkti sudhANaMva ke kartA mallikAjuna kA putra ora hAyasAlavazI rAjA narasiha ke kaTakA pAdhyAya sumanAvANa kA dAhitra pAra janna kavi kA bhAnajA hai / isaka banAya hue cAlapAlaka caritra subhadrAharaNa, prabodhacandra, kirAta pAra zabdamaNi darpaNa ya pAca grantha hai| parantu inameM se kevala zabdamaNi darpaNa upalabdha hai| yaha karnATaka bhASA kA suprasiddha vyAkaraNa hai / isakI jAr3a kA vistRta ora spaSTa vyAkaraNa kanar3I meM dUsarA nhiiN| isakI racanA padyamayA hai| mAra isa kAraNa kavi na svaya hA isakI vRtti likha dI hai| grantha sandhi, nAma, samAsa, taddhita, pAkhyAna, dhAtU, apabhraza, avyaya aura prayAgasAra ina ATha adhyAyo meM vibhakta hai| kavi kA samaya I0 san 6060 hai| panasenAcAryayaha kisa gaNa-gaccha ka prAcArya the| yaha kucha jJAta nahI huaa| savat 1076 me pUSa sudI dvAdazI ke dina davalAka kA prApta hue| inakI yaha niSadhikA rUpa nagara (kizanagar3ha se) Dar3ha mIla dUra rAjasthAna me citranandI dvArApratiSThita huI thA / inakA samaya IsA kI dazavI pAra vikrama 11vI zatAbdI hai| vimalasena paNDitainakA gaNa-gaccha pora paricaya prApta hai / yaha meghasenAcArya ke ziSya the| inakA sa0 1076 jyeSTha sUdI 12 ko svargavAsa huA thaa| inakI smRti me nipIdhikA banAI gii| jinhone pAradhanA kI bhAvanA dvArA devaloka prApta huA thaa| yaha niSidhikA rAjasthAna ke rUpa nagara (kizanagar3ha se Der3ha mIla dUra) meM banI huI hai usameM devalI ke Upara eka tIrthakara mUti pratiSThita hai| inakA samaya vikrama kI 11vI zatAbdI hai / sAgarasana saiddhAntikayaha prAkRta saskRta bhASA aura siddhAnta ke vidvAna tha / prAra dhAga nagarI meM nivAsa karatethe / balAtkAra gaNa ke vidvAna muni zrI nandi ka zipya muni zrI candra na Apame mahAkavi puppadanta ke mahApurANa ke viSama-pado ko jAnakara praura mala TippaNa kA avalokana kara rAjA bhoja deva ke rAjakAla meM (sa0 1080 me) mahApurANa kA TippaNa banAyA thA' / inakI guru paramparA kyA hai aura unhoMne kyA racanAeM racI / isake jAnane kA koI sAdhana nahI hai| para inakA samaya vikrama kI 11vI zatAbdI kA antima caraNa hai| 1. zrI vikramAditya.savatsare varSANAmazItyadhika sahasra mahApurANa viSama pada vivaraNa mAgagmana saiddhAntAt parijJAya mUla TippaNivA cAlokya kRta mida samuccaya TippaNa ajJapAtabhItana zrImadba lAtkAragaNa zrI nandyAcarya satkaviziSyaNa zrI candra muninA nijadordaNDAbhibhUripurAja vijayana. zrI bhojadevasya / -uttara purATippaNa prazasti / 2. "sa01076 pIpa sudI 12 zrI padmasenAcArya devaloka gataH, / citranandinA pratipTheya / "1036 (76) zrI papasanAcArya devaloka gataH davandinA pratiSTheya / 3. sa. 1076 jyeSTha sudI 12 meghasenAcAryasya tasya ziSya vimalasena paDitena (A) rAdhanA (bhAvanA)' bhAvayitvA divaMgataH (tasyaya niSidhikA) 4. 'zrI vikramAditya-saMvatsara varSANAzItyadhika sahasra mahApugaNa-viSama pada vivaraNa sAgaramena saiddhAntAt parijJAya mUla TippariNakA cAlAkya kRtamida samuccaya TippaNa ajJa pAtabhItena zrI mabalAtkAraNa zrI nadyAcArya snkvishissynn| candra muninA nijadordaNDAbhibhUta ripurAjya vijayinaH zrI bhAjadevasya / "

Page #311
gyArahavI aura bArahavI zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcApa 277 indrasena bhaTTArakavila (Da) saMgha, managaNa, mAlanRra anvaya ka bhaTTAraka maslimana ka pradhAna ziSya the inheM cAlukya kulabhUSaNa rAjA tribhuvanamalla deva kI rAnI jAkala davA ma, jA jena dhamaparAyaNA pAra jina pUjA meM nirata rahatA thA pAra iguNige grAma kA zAsana karatI thii| vaha jana dhamaparAyaNA ganA tikka kA putrA thaa| umaka pani cAlukya kulabhUSaNa tribhuvanamalladeva the| jo kalyANapura ka zAmaka th| unhona ganA kA jaina dharma ga paganmukha karane kA pratijJA le rakkho thii| parantu vaha apane usa kArya ma saphala na ho skaa| eka dina rAnA ke sAbhAgya sa eka vyApArA mahumANikya dava kA pratimA lekara pAyA, pAra rAnI ke mAmane vaha apanA vinayabhAva dikhalA rahA thA ki umI mamaya rAjA tribhavanamalnadava yA gyaa| umana rAnI ne kahA ki yaha jinamati anupama sundara hai, ima apana prAdhAna grAma meM pratiSThita karA, tumhAre dharmAnuyAyiyA ka liye praraNAprada hogI taba rAjA kA prAjJA sa rAnI ne mAna kA pratiSThA bhI karA dA pAra sundara mandira bhI banavA diyaa| aura usakI vyavasthA ukta indrasena bhaTTAraka kA saapii| yaha dAna cAlukya vikrama ka 18va gajyavarSa meM san 1054 ma thAmukha savatasara ke phAlguNa sudA 10mA sAmavAra ke dina samAroha pUrvaka bhaTTAraka jI ka caraNA kA pUjA karaka sopA gayA thaa|' dAna meM 21 vRhat mattara, pramANa kRpya bhUmi, 1 bagIcA Ara jana mandira ke samIpa kA eka ghara diyaa| mANikyanandI mANikyanandI nandi mara ka pramagva prAcArya th| grAra dhAga nagaga ke nivAmA / va vyAkaraNa para siddhAnta ke jJAtA hAne ka mAya dagana zAstra ke taladA TA vidvAn / uma samaya dhArA nagarI vidyA kA kandra banA haI thii| bAhara ka anaka vidvAn vahA pAkara apanA vidyA kA vikAma karata the / vahA anaka vidyApATha tha jinama chAtra rahakara vidyAdhyayana karaka vidvAna banana the / anaka mArasvata vidvAn prAcAya jana dharma kA vikAsa aura pracAra kArya me salagna rahata the / uma samaya dhArA nagarA kA prabhu bhoja deva thA, jA rAjya kArya kA macAlana karate hA bhI vidyA vyasanI, kavi Ara zAstra kartA thaa| vaha vidvAnA kA bar3A Adara karatA thaa| vahA ke vidyA pITha me siddhAnta, darzana, vyAkaraNa, chanda, alakAra pAra kAvyAdi vividha viSayA ka granthoM kA paThana-pAThana hotA thaa| sudarzana carita ke kartA nayanandI ne vahA kI prAcArya paramparA kA ullekha kiyA hai / munakSatra, padmanandI, viSNunandA, nandanandI, vizvanandI, vizAkhanandI, gaNIgamanandI, mANikyanandI nayanandI, harisiha, zrIkumAra, jinhe sarasvatI kamAra bhI kahA jAtA thA, prabhAcandra, grAra bAlacandra / dUsarI paramparA lADa vAgaDa gaNa ka balAtkAragaNa kA thii| jisameM sAgarasana, pravacanamana, pAra yAcandrAdi |vdvaanaa kA ullekha pAyA jAnA hai| mANikyanandI gaNIrAmanandI ka zipya the| jo bhAratIya darzana ka sAtha jena darzana ka prakANDa paNDita the| inake aneka vidyA ziSya tha / unama nayanandA prathama vidyA ziSya 4 / jinhAna sa0 1100 me dhArA nareza bhoja ka 1. (dagyA, gUlabargA jila vA dAna-patra) Jainism in south India P 406-407 2. jiNidAsa vIrarasa titya marata mahAkudakudAraNae enasate / sugNavAhihANe tahA pAmaNadI, puNA viNDaNI tayA dinndii| jiNTu dhamma mugamA vimuddhA, kpaag| gaMthA jayata psiddhaa| bhavabohipoA mahA vimsaNadI, samAjuttu siddha tiA vishgdii| jiNidAgamAhAmaNa ecittA, tavAyAra giTThAe laddhAe juttA / garidA mariha sA raNadavadI, huoM tassa sImo gaNI gmnndii| amesANa gadhAraNa pArammi pattA, nave aga vIbhavvagaIva mitto| guNAvAsabhUo sutillokaraNadI mahApaTio tasma maannikrnnNcii| bhajagappayAo imoNAma chdii| -(mudasaNacariu prazasti) 3.jaina grantha prazasti sagraha bhAga 2 pR 25

Page #312
278 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 rAjya kAla meM 'mudamaNacariu' aora sakala vidhividhAna kAvya kI racanA kI thii| unhoMne apane vidyAguru mANikyanandI ko mahApaNDita ora travidya batalAte hue, unhe pratyakSa parokSarUpa jala me bhare ora nayarUpa caMcala taraga samUha se gabhIra uttama saptabhagarUpa kallola mAlA se bhUpita, jinazAsanarUpa nirmala sarovara me yukta aura paNDitoM kA caDAmaNi prakaTa kiyA hai| prora 'sudamaNa cariu' kI pugpikA meM mANikya nandI kA vidyarUpa meM ullekha kiyA hai jaisA ki usake nimna pRppikA vAkya se prakaTa hai:--"pattha sudamaNa caNi pacaNamokAraphala pAyasayare mANikyanadI taivijjasIma NayaNadiNA raie amemamura mathana NavevivaimANa jigaNa tano vimagro paTTaNaM Nayarapatthino pavvayaM samosaraNa saMgayaM mahApurANa AucchaNa imANa kayavaNNaNo NAma paDhamo sadhi samattI // " / mANikyanadI ne bhAratIya darzana gAstra aura akalaka deva ke grathAM kA dohanakara jo navanItAmata nikAlA, vaha unakI dArzanika pratibhA kA madyotaka hai / ve jaina nyAyakaM Adya mUtrakAra hai| unakI eka mAtra kRti 'parIkSA mukha, sUtra hai, jo nyAyamUtra grathA meM apanA amAdhAraNa sthAna aura mahatva rakhatA hai| parIkSA mukha-yaha jaina nyAya kA AdyamUtra grantha hai j| chaha adhyAyA vibhakta hai aura jisake mUtroM kI kula sakhyA 207 hai / ye saba mUtra marasa, gabhIra prAra artha gorava ko lie hue hai| bhAratIya vAGmaya meM sAkhya sUtra, yogasUtra, nyAyasUtra, vaizeSikasUtra, mImAsakamUtra aura brahmamUtra Adi dArganikamUtra grantha prAcIna hai| kintu jaina nyAya ko sUtra baddha karane vAlA koI grantha usa samaya taka nahI thaa| ata: prAcArya mANikyanandI ne usa kamI ko dUra kara isa sUtra grantha kI racanA kI hai| isa grantha meM pramANa pAra pramANAbhAsa kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| ataH unako yaha kRti asAdhAraNa pAra apUrva hai, ora nyAyamUtra grathA me apanA gvAma mahatva rakhatI hai| kisI viSaya meM nAnA yUktiyoM ko prabalatA ora durbalatA kA nizcaya karane ke liye jo vicAra kiyA jAtA hai use parIkSA kahate hai| isa parIkSAmagva ke sUtroM kA AdhAra nyAyamUtra Adi ka mAtha akalaka dava ke ladyAstraya, nyAryAnizcaya pora pramANasagraha Adi hai| isa sUtra grantha para dignAga ke nyAyapraveza' aura dharma kIti ke 'nyAya bindu kA bhI prabhAva dRSTigocara hotA hai| uttaravartI prAcAryo ma bAdideva mUri ke pramANa naya tattvAloka aora hemacandra kI pramANa mImAmApara parIkSAmakha apanA amiTa prabhAva rakhatA hai / jA alpAkSaro vAlA hai, adigdha, sAravAna, gar3ha artha kA nirNAyaka, nirdopa tathA tathya rUpa ho vaha mUtra kahalAtA hai| parIkSAmugva meM sUtra kA ukta lakSaNa bhalIbhAti saTita hai isa grantha para aneka TIkA grantha likhe gae hai| uname isakI mahattA kA spaSTa bodha hotA hai| isa sUtra grantha para mANikyanadI ke zipya pramAcandra ne 12 hajAra zloka pramANa 'prameya kamala mArtaNDa' nAma kI eka vRhat TIkA likhI hai / yaha jaina nyAya zAstra kA mahatvapUrNa grantha hai| isakA nAma hI isa bAta kA samUcaka hai ki yaha grantha prameya rUpI kamalo ke liye mArtaNDa (sUrya) ke samAna hai / prabhAcandra ne yaha TIkA bhojadeva ke hI rAjya meM banAkara samApta kI thii| dUsarI TIkA prameyaratnamAlA anantavIrya kI kRti hai, jise unhoMne udAra candrikA (cAdanI) kI upamA dI hai aura apanI racanA prameya ratnamAlA ko prameya kamala mArtaNDa ke sAmane khadyAna (jugana) ke samAna batalAyA hai / yaha lagha TIkA makSipta aura prasanna racanA zailI meM hai| isa para sAgara meM gAgara vAlI kahAvata caritArtha hotI hai| tIsarI TIkA 'prameya ratnAlakAra' hai, jo bhaTTAraka cArakIti dvArA parIkSAmakha ke sUtroM para likhI gaI hai| bhaTTAraka cAru kIrti zravaNa belagolA ke nivAsI the| dezIgaNa meM agraNI the / grantha kI puSpikA meM inhoMne apane 1. viruddha nAnA yukti prAbalya daurabalyAvadhAraNAya pravartamAnA vicAra. priikssaa| -(nyAyadIpikA) lakSitamya lakSaNa mupayadyata na vatti vicAra. priikssaa| -takaMsaMgraha padakRtya / 2. dagyA, ankaant| 3. alpAkSara masadigdha sAravad gUDhIgaNyam / nirdoSa hetumattathya sUtra mUtravido viduH / -pramaya ratnamAlA Ti paNa pR. 4. prabhanduvacanAdAracandrikA prasarani / mAdRzAH kvanu gaNyanta jyotiriGgaNa sannibhA.-prameya ratnamAlA / 5. zrI cArukInidhuryassantanute paNDinAryamunivayaM / vyAkhyA prameyaratnAlakArAkhyA munIndrasUtrANAm /

Page #313
gyArahavIM aura bArahavI zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcA 276 ko cArukIti paNDitAcArya sUcita kiyA hai| aura grantha ke tIsare zloka meM gurumANikya nandI mere hRdaya meM nirantara "harSa kare aisI AkAkSA vyakta kI hai "harSa varSatu santata hRdi gurumANikyanandI mama // " parIkSA mukha ke samAna isameM bhI chaha pariccheda hai| yaha TIkA prameya ratnamAlA se AkAra meM bar3I hai| aura isameM kucha aise viSayo kA bhI pratipAdana hai jo prameyatna mAlA meM nahI milate / yaha racanA prameya kamala mArtaNDa prora prameya ratnamAlA ke madhya ko kar3I yA sopAna hai jisake dvArA nyAyazAstra ke jijJAsu usa bhavana para AsAnI se prArohaNa kara sakate hai| yaha grantha abhI aprakAzita hai, isakI prati jaina siddhAnta bhavana pArA meM upalabdha hai| parIkSA mukha ke svApUrvArtha vyavasAyAnmaka jJAna pramANa' mUtra para likho gaI zAnti vargoM ko svataMtra kRti prameya kaThikA hai| yaha grantha pAca stavako meM vibhakta hai| isameM prameya ratnamAlAntargata kucha viziSTa viSaya' kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| isa kAraNa ise parIkSA mukha kI TIkA nahI kahA jA sakatA / gratha abhI aprakAzita hai| yaha prati bhI jaina siddhAnta bhavana Aga meM mojada hai| mANikya nandI vi kI 11vI sadI ke vidvAna hai| nayanandI yaha prAcArya kundakunda ko paramparA meM hone vAle lokyanandI ke prazipya pora mANikyanandI ke prathama vidyA zipya the / inhoMne apanI kRti sudarzana carita kI pragasti meM jo guma paramparA do hai vaha mahatvapUrNa hai| prastuta nayanandI gajA bhoja ke gajyakAla meM hA hai| inhoMne vahI para vidyAdhyayana kara grantha racanA kI hai| inake dIkSA garu kauna the, aura yaha kahA ke nivAmI the, unakA jIvana-paricaya kyA hai ? yaha kucha jJAta nahI hotA / kavi kAvya zAstra meM niSNAta the, mAtha hI prAkRta, maskRta aura apabhraga bhApA ke viziSTa vidvAna the| chanda zAstra ke| kavi ne dhAga nagarI ke eka jana madira ke mahA vihAra meM baiThakara apanA 'mudamaNa cAra u' paramAravagI rAjA bhoja deva, tribhuvana nArAyaNa ke rAjya meM vi0 10 1100 meM banA kara samApta kiyA thA / usake rAjyakAla ke zilAlekha sa01077 se 1104 taka ke pAye jAte hai| jisakA rAjya rAjasthAna meM cittor3a me lekara dakSiNa meM kokaNa va godAvarI taka vistRta thaa| sudaMsaNacariu' apabhrazabhApA kA eka khaNDa kAvya hai, jo mahAkAvyoM kI zreNI meM rakhane yogya hai| jahA granthakA carita bhAga rocaka aura AkarSaka hai vahA~ vaha mAlakAra kAvya-kalA kI dRSTi se uccakoTi kA hai| kavi ne use nirdopora marasa banAne kA pUrA prayatna kiyA hai| granthakAra ne svaya likhA hai ki gamAyaNa meM gama aora mItA kA viyoga tathA goka janya vyAkulatA ke darzana hote hai, aora mahA bhArata meM pANDava tathA dhRtarASTrAdi koravo ke parampara kalaha eva mArakATa ke dRzya akita milate hai| tathA loka zAstra meM bhI kaulika, cora, vyAdha Adi kI kahAniyA~ sanane meM pAtI hai, kintu isa sudarzana carita meM aimA eka bho doSa nahI hai, jamA ki usake nimna vAkya meM prakaTa hai : rAmo sIya-vinoya-soya-viharaM saMpattu rAmAyaNa, jAdaM pANDava-dhAyara? sadadaM gotta klii-bhaarhe| DeDA-koliya-cora-rajja-giradA AhAsidA suddaye,' jo eka pi sadasaNassa caride dosaM smuubbhaasidN| kavi ne kAvya ke prAdarza ko vyakta karate hue likhA hai ki rasa grAra alakAra se yukta kavi kI kavitA meM jo rasa milatA hai vaha na taruNijanoM ke vidrama samAna rakta adharI meM, na pAmraphala meM, na Ikha meM, na amana meM, na hAlA (mdir|) meM, na candana meM na candramA meM hI milatA hai / 1. parIkSAmugvamUtramyAthaM vivRnnmhe| iti zrI zAntivariMga virgacatAyA prameya kaSThikAyA .... stavaka 2. Niva vikkama kAla ho vavagaema eyAraha savacchara-maemu, tahi kevalIcariu amayacchogA / raNayanadI virayau vitthareNa / -mudamaNacariu 3. yo saMjAda taruNi ahare viddamArattasohe, go mAhAre bhamiyabhamare gova pu DicchU ddtte| yo pIyUse halekhihiNe candaNe aivacande, sAlakAre mukaibhariNade ja rasa hodi kavve / /

Page #314
280 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 prastuta grantha meM sUdarzana ke niSkalaMka carita kI garimA ne use aura bhI pAvana evaM paThanIya banA diyA hai| grantha meM 12 sandhiyoM aura 207 kaDavaka haiM jinameM sudarzana ke jIvana paricaya ko akina kiyA gayA hai| parantu kathA kAvya meM kavi kI kathana daulI, rama aura alaMkAroM kI puTa, sarama kavitA, gAnti aura vairAgyarasa tathA prasaMgavaza kalA kA abhivyaMjana, nAyikA ke bheda, RtuoM kA varNana aura unake beSa-bhapA Adi kA citraNa, vividha chandoM kI bharamAra, hai ve grantha meM mAtrika vipama mAtrika lagabhaga 12 chandoM kA ullekha maya udAharaNoM ke diye gae haiN| isase nayanandI chanda zAstra ke vizeSa jJAtA jAna par3ate haiN| lokopayogI subhAgita, aora yathA sthAna dharmopadezAdi kA vivecana isa kAvya grantha kI apanI vizeSatA ke nidarzaka haiM aura kavi ko grAntarika bhadratA ke dyotaka haiN| grantha meM paMca namaskAra maMtra kA phala prApta karane vAle seTha sudargana ke caritra kA 'catraNa kiyA gayA hai| kathAvastu caritra nAyaka yadyapi vaNika zreSThI hai to bhI usakA caritra atyanta nirmala tathA meruvata nizcala hai / usakA rUpa-lAvaNya itanA cittAkarSaka thA ki usake bAhara nikalate hI yuvatijanoM kA samUha use dekhane ke liye utkaMTita hokara makAnoM kI chatoM dvArA tathA jharokhoM meM ikaTThA ho jAtA thA, vaha kAmadeva kA kamanIya rUpa jo thaa| sAtha hI vaha guNajJa aura apanI pratijJA ke samyavapAlana meM atyanta dar3ha thaa| dharmAcaraNa karane meM tatpara, sabame miSThabhApI aura mAnava jIvana kI mahattA se paricita thA aura thA vipaya vikAroM meM vihIna / grantha kA kathA bhAga mandara aura pAkapaMka hai| : aMga dezake caMpApUra nagara meM, jahAM rAjA dhAr3IvAhana rAjya karatA thaa| vahA vamava sampanna RpabhadAsa seTha kA eka gopAlaka (gvAlA) thA, jI gagA meM gAyo ko pAra karAte samaya pAnI ke vega meM DUba kara mara gayA thA aura marate samaya paMca namaskAra, maMtra kI pAgadhanA ke phalasvarUpa usI seTha ke yahA putra huA thaa| usakA nAma sadarzana rakkhA gyaa| sudarzana ko usake pitA ne saba prakAra se mUzikSita evaM catura banA diyA, aura usakA vivAha sAgaradatta seTha kI putrI manoramA me kara diyA / apane pitA kI mRtyu ke bAda vaha apane kArya kA vidhivat saMcAlana karane lgaa| sudarzana ke rUpa kI cAroM ora carcA thI, usake rUpavAna zarIra ko dekhakara uma nagara ke rAjA dhAr3I vAhana kI rAnI abhayA usa para Asakta ho jAtI hai aura use prApta karane kI abhilApA me apanI catura paMDitA dAsI ko seTha sudarzana ke yahAM bhejanI hai, paMDitA dAmI ganI kI pratijJA sunakara rAnI ko pativrata dharma kA acchA upadeza karatI hai aura sudarzana kI caritra-niSThA ko aura bhI maMketa karatI hai, kintu abhayA apane vicAroM meM nizcala rahatI hai aura paDitA dAsI ko ukta kArya kI pUrti ke liye khAsa taura se prerita karatI hai| paMDitA sudarzana ke pAsa kaI bAra jAtI hai aura nirAza hokara lauTa AtI hai, para eka bAra vaha dAmI kimI kapaTa-kalA dvArA sudarzana ko rAja mahala meM pahuMcA detI hai / sudarzana ke rAja mahala meM pahuMca jAne para bhI abhayA apane kArya meM asaphala raha jAtI hai-usakI manokAmanA pUrI nahIM ho paatii| isase usake citta meM pramahya vedanA hotI hai aura vaha umame apane apamAna kA badalA lene para utArU ho jAtI hai, vaha apanI kUTilatA kA mAyA jAla phailA kara apanA sukomala garIra apane hI nakhoM se rudhiraplAvita kara DAlatI hai aura cillAne lagatI hai ki dor3o logoM mujhe bacAo, sudarzana ne mere satItva kA apaharaNa kiyA hai, rAjakarmacArI madarzana ko pakar3a lete haiM aura rAjA ajJAnatA vaza krodhita ho rAnI ke kahe anusAra sUdarzana ko sUlI para caDhAne kA Adeza de detA hai| para sudargana apane zIlavana kI niSThA me vijayI hotA hai-eka deva prakaTa hokara usakI rakSA karatA hai / rAjA dhAr3IvAhana kA usa vyantara meM yuddha hotA hai aura rAjA parAjita hokara sudarzana kI zaraNa meM pahuMcatA hai, rAjA ghaTanA ke rahasya kA ThIka hAla jAna kara apane kRtya para pazcAtApa karatA hai aura sudarzana ko rAjya dekara virakta honA cAhatA hai, parantu sudarzana saMsAra-bhogoM se svayaM hI virakta hai, vaha digambara dIkSA lekara tapazcaraNa karatA hai rAjA ke lauTane se pUrva hI abhayA rAnI ne Atma ghAta kara liyA aura mara kara pATaliputra nagara meM vyantarI haI / paMDitA bhI pATaliputra bhAga gaI aura vahAM devadattA gaNikA ke yahAM rahane lgii| muni sudarzana kaThoratA se cAritra kA anuSThAna karane lage / ve vihAra karate hue pATaliputra pahu~ce / unheM dekha

Page #315
yArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna AcArya 281 paMDitA ne devadattA gaNikA ko unakA paricaya kraayaa| gaNikA ne chala se unheM apane gRha meM praveza karAkara kapATa banda kara diye, gaNikA ne muni ko pralAbhita karane kI aneka ceSTAe~ kI / anta meM nirAza ho usane unhe zmazAna meM jA ddaalaa| vahAM jaba ve dhyAnastha the, tabhI eka devAMganA kA vimAna unake Upara Akara ruka gayA / devAMganA ruSTa huI / aura muni ko dekha kara use apane abhayA rAnI vAle pUrva janma kA smaraNa ho aayaa| usane vikriyA Rddhi se muni ke cAroM ora ghora upasarga kiyA, to bhI sudarzana muni dhyAna meM sthira rahe / isI bIca eka vyantara ne Akara usa vyantarI ko lalakArA, use parAjita kara bhagA diyA / kucha samaya pazcAt sudarzana muni ke cAra ghAtiyA karmoM kA nAza ho gayA aura unheM kevala jJAna prApta huA / devAdika indroM ne unakI stuti kI, kubera ne samosaraNa kI racanA kii| kevalI ke upadeza ko sunakara vyantarI ko vairAgya ho gayA, usane tathA nara-nAriyoM ne samyaktva ko dhAraNa kiyA / avaziSTa praghAti karmoM kA nAza kara sudarzana ne mukti pada prApta kiyA / kavi kI dUsarI kRti 'sayala vihivihANakavva' hai, jo eka vizAla kAvya hai jisameM 58 saMdhiyAM prasiddha haiM, parantu bIca kI 16 sadhiyAM upalabdha nahI hai / grantha ke truTita hone ke kAraNa jAnane kA koI sAdhana nahI hai / prArambha kI do-tIna sadhiyoM meM grantha ke avataraNa prAdi para prakAza DAlate hue 12 vI se 15 vI sadhi taka mithyAtva ke kAla mithyAtva aura loka mithyAtva Adi aneka mithyAtvoM kA svarUpa nirdiSTa karate hue kriyA vAdi aura akriyAvAdi bhedoM kA vivecana kiyA hai / parantu kheda hai ki 15 vI sandhi ke pazcAt 32 vI sandhi taka 16 sandhiyA~ Amera bhaNDAra kI prati meM nahI hai / ho sakatA hai ki ve lipi kartA ko na milI hoM / grantha kI bhASA prauDha hai aura vaha kavi ke apabhraMza bhASA ke sAdhikAritva ko sUcita karatI hai / granthAnta meM sandhivAkya padya meM nibaddha kiye haiM / munivaraNayadi saSNiddhe pasibaddhe, sayalavihi vihANe ettha kavve subhabve, samavasaraNasaMsi seNie saMpaveso, bhaNiu jaNa maNujjo ema saMdhI tiijjo // 3 // grantha kI 32vI sandhi meM madya mAMsa-madhu ke doSa aura udaMbarAdi paMca phaloM ke tyAga kA vidhAna aura phala batalAyA gayA hai / 33 vI saMdhi meM paca aNuvratoM kA kathana diyA huA hai aura 36 vI saMdhi meM aNuvratoM kI vizeSatAe~ batalAI gaI haiN| aura unameM prasiddha puruSoM ke zrAkhyAna bhI yathA sthAna diye hue haiM / 56 vI saMdhi ke anta meM sallekhanA ( samAdhimaraNa) kA spaSTa vivecana kiyA gayA hai aura vidhi meM prAcArya samantabhadra kI sallekhanA vidhi ke kathana krama ko apanAyA gayA hai| isame yaha kAvya grantha gRhasthopayogI vratoM kA bhI vidhAna karatA hai| isa dRSTi se bhI isa grantha kI upayogitA kama nahI hai / chanda zAstra kI dRSTi se isa grantha kA adhyayana aura prakAzana Avazyaka hai| kyoMki grantha meM 30-35 chandoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai jinake nAmoM kA ullekha prazasti saMgraha kI prastAvanA meM kiyA gayA hai / grantha kI Adya prazasti itihAsa kI mahatvapUrNa mAmagrI prastuta karatI hai| usameM kavi ne grantha banAne meM preraka harisiha muni kA ullekha karate hue apane se pUrvavartI jaina jainetara aura kucha sama sAmayika vidvAnoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| jo aitihAsika dRSTi se mahatvapUrNa hai| sama-sAmayika vidvAnoM meM zrI candra, prabhAcandra aura zrI kumAra kA, jinheM sarasvatI kumAra bhI kahate the, nAma diye haiM / Izvara kavivara nayanandI ne rAjA bhoja, harisiMha, zrAdi ke nAmollekha ke sAtha-sAtha vaccharAja, aura prabhu kA ullekha kiyA hai aura unheM vikramAditya kA mAMDalika prakaTa kiyA hai| yathA jahiM baccharAu puNa puhai vacchu, hutau puha Isaru sUdavatthu / eppiNu patthae hariyarAu, maMDaliu vikkamAicca jAu // saMdhi 2 patra 8 isI saMdhi meM calakara aMbAiya aura kAMcIpura kA ullekha kiyA hai, kavi isa sthAna para gaye the / isake anantara hI vallabharAja kA ullekha kiyA hai, jisane durlabha jina pratimAoM kA nirmANa karAyA thA, aura jahAM para rAmanandI, jayakIrti aura mahAkIrti pradhAna the| jaisA ki grantha kI nimna paktiyoM se prakaTa hai| - 1. jaina grantha prazAsti saMgraha bhA0 2 pramyAvanA pR0 50

Page #316
222 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 "aMbAiya kaMcIpura viratta, jahiM bhamaI bhavya bhattihi pasatta / jahi ballaharAe~ vallaheNa, kArAviu kittaNu dullaheNa / jiNa paDimAlaMkiu gaccha mANa , NaM keNa viyaMbhiu suravimANa / jahiM rAmaNaMvi guNamaNi NihANa jayakitti mahAkitti vi phaannu| iya tiNNi vi paramaya-maI-mayaMda-micchatta-viDavimoDaNa gii|' ukta padyoM meM ullikhita rAmanandI kauna hai, aura unakI guru paramparA kyA hai aura jayakIrti mahAkoti se se inakA kyA sambandha hai ? yaha ajJAta hai| ye tInoM vidvAna bhI nayanandI ke samakAlIna haiN| rAmanandI prAcArya the| inake ziSya bAlacanda ne kavi se sakalavidhi-vidhAna banAne kA saMketa kiyA thaa| aitihAsika dRSTi se ina vidvAnoM ke sambandha meM vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai| prAkRta zrutaskandha ke kartA brahma hemacandra ke guru bhI rAmanandI haiN| aura mANikya nandI ke guru bhI rAmanandI haiN| ye donoM bhinna-bhinna vidvAna haiM yA abhinna haiM, yaha vicAraNIya hai| prabhAcandra mANikyanandI ke anya vidyA ziSyoM meM prabhAcandra pramakha rahe haiN| ve unake 'parIkSAmakha' nAmaka sUtra-grantha ke kuzala TIkAkAra bhI haiN| darzana zAstra ke atirikta ve siddhAnta ke bhI vidvAna the| prAcArya prabhAcandra ne uktadhArA nagarI meM rahate hue kevala darzana zAstra kA adhyayana hI nahIM kiyA ; pratyuta dhArAdhipabhoja ke dvArA pratiSThA pAkara apanI vidvattA kA vikAsa bhI kiyaa| sAtha hI vizAla dArzanika granthoM ke nirmANa ke sAtha aneka granthoM kI racanA kI hai| 'prameya kamala mArtaNDa' (parIkSAmukha TIkA) nAmaka vizAla dArzanika grantha suprasiddha rAjA bhoja ke rAjyakAla meM hI racA gayA hai / aura 'nyAya kumudacandra' (laghIyasraya TIkA) prArAdhanA-gadya kathAkoza puSpadanta ke mahApurANa (AdipurANa-uttarapurANa) para TippaNa-grantha tattvArtha vRtti pada TippaNa, zabdAmbhoja bhAskara samAdhi taMtra TIkA ye saba grantha rAjA jayasiMha deva ke rAjya kAla meM race gaye haiN| zeSa grantha pravacana saroja bhAskara, paMcAstikAyapradIpa, prAtmAnuzAsana tilaka, kriyAkalApa TIkA, ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra TIkA, vRhatsvayaMbhUstotra TIkA, tathA pratikramaNapATha TIkA, ye saba grantha kaba aura kisake rAjyakAla meM race gae haiM ye inhIM prabhAcandra kI kRti hai yA anya kI yaha vicAraNIya hai| inameM pravacana sarojabhAskara aura paMcAstikAya pradIpa to inhIM prabhAcandra kI kRti haiN| zeSa ke sambandha meM sapramANa nirNaya karane kI jarUrata hai ki ve inhIM kI kRti haiN| yA kisI anya prabhAcandra kii| ye prabhAcaMdra vahI jJAta hote haiM jinakA zravaNa velgola ke zilAlekha naM0 40 ke anusAra mUlasaMghAntargata darUpa dezoyagaNa ke gollAcArya ke ziSya eka aviddhakarNa kaumAravatI padmanandI saiddhAMtika kA ullekha hai jo karNavevasaMskAra hone se pUrva hI dIkSita ho gae the| unake ziSya aura kulabhUSaNa ke sadharmA eka prabhAcandra kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai jisameM kulabhUSaNa ko cAritrasAgara aura siddhAnta ke pAragAmI batalAyA gayA hai| aura prabhAcandra ko zabdAmbhoruha bhAskara tathA prathita tarka-granthakAra prakaTa kiyA hai| isa zilAlekha meM mani kalabhaSaNa kI ziSya paramparA kA bhI ullekha nihita hai| praviddha karNAdika padmanandI saiddhAntikAkhyo'jani yasya loke| kaumAradevavratitA prasiddhirjIyAttu sajjJAnanidhiH sdhiirH|| tacchiSyaH kulabhUSaNAkhyA yatipazcAritravArI nidhiHsiddhAntAmbudhi pArago natavineyastatsadharmo mahAna / zabdAmbhoruha bhAskaraH prathita tarka granthakAraH prabhAcandrAkhyA munirAja pNdditvrHshriikundkundaanvyH|| tasya zrI kulabhUSaNAlya sumunezziSyo vineyastutaH savRttaH kulacandradeva munipassiddhAntavidyAnidhiH / / zravaNa velgola ke 55veM zilAlekha meM mUlasaMgha dezIyagaNa ke devendrasaiddhAntika ke ziSya, catamakha devI ziSya gopanandI aura inhIM gopanandI ke sadharmA eka prabhAcandra kA ullekha bhI kiyA gayA hai, jo prabhAcandra dhArA

Page #317
gyArahavIM aura bArahavI zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArpa 283 dhIzvara rAjA bhoja dvArA pUjita the aura nyAya rUpa kamala samUha ko vikasita karane vAle dinamaNi, aura zabda rUpa abja ko praphullita karane vAle rodomaNi (bhAskara) sadRza the| aura paNDita rUpI kamaloM ko vikasita karane vAle sarya tathA rudravAdi diggaja vidvAnoM ko vaza karane ke liya akuza ke samAna the tathA catarmukha deva ke ziSya the| donoM hI zilAlekhoM meM ullikhita prabhAcandra eka hI vidvAna jAna par3ate hai| hAM, dvitIya lekha (55) meM catama khadeva kA nAma nayA jarUra hai, para yaha sabhava pratIta hotA hai ki prabhAcandra ke dakSiNa deza se dhArA meM Ane ke pazcAt dezIyagaNa ke vidvAna caturmukhadeva bhI unake guru rahe ho to koI Azcarya nahI ; kyoMki guru bhI to kaI prakAra ke hote haiM--dIkSA guru vidyA guru Adi / eka-eka vidvAna ke kaI-kaI guru pAra kaI-kaI ziSya hote the| ataeva caturmukhadeva bhI prabhAcandra ke kisI viSaya meM guru rahe hoM, aura isaliye va unhe samAdara kI dRSTi se dekhate hoM, to koI Apatti kI bAta nahI, apane se bar3oM ko Aja bhI pUjya aura AdaraNIya mAnA jAtA hai| aba rahI samaya kI bAta, so Upara yaha batalAyA jA cukA hai ki prabhAcandra ne prameya kamalamArtaNDa ko rAjA bhoja ke rAjya kAla me racA hai| jisakA rAjya kAla savata 1070 me 1110 taka kA batalAyA jAtA hai / usake rAjya kAla ke do dAna patra saMvat 1076 ora 1076 ka mila hai| AcArya prabhAcandra ne devanadI kI tattvArtha vati ke vipama-padoM kA eka vivaraNAtmaka TippaNa likhA hai| usake prArambha meM amitagati ke saskRta paMcasagraha kA nimna padya uddhata kiyA hai vargaH zakti samUho'NoraNUnAM vrgnnoditaa| vargaNAnAM samUhastu spardhakaM spardhakApahaiH // amitagati ne apanA yaha paca maMgraha masUtikApura meM, jo vartamAna meM 'masIda vilaudA' grAma ke nAma se prasiddha hai, vi0 saM 1073 meM banAkara samApta kiyA hai| amitagati dhArAdhipa maja kI sabhA ratna bhI the| isase spaSTa hai ki prabhAcandra ne apanA ukta TippaNa vi0 saMvat 1073 ke bAda banAyA hai| kitane dina bAda banAyA hai| yaha bAta abhI vicAraNIya hai| nyAya vinizcaya vivaraNa ke kartA prAcArya vAdirAja ne apanA pArzvanAtha carita zaka saM0 147 (vi0 saM0 1082) meM banAkara samApta kiyA hai| yadi rAjA bhoja ke prArambhika rAjyakAla meM prabhAcandra ne prameya kamalamArtaNDa banAyA hotA, to vAdirAja usakA ullekha avazya hI karate / para nahI kiyA, isase yaha jJAta hotA hai ki usa samaya taka prameya kamalamArtaNDa kI racanA nahI huI thii| haoN, sudarzana carita ke kartA muni nayanandI ne, jo mANikya nandI ke prathama vidyAziSya the aura prabhAcandra ke samakAlIna gurubhAI bhI the, apanA nacarita' vi0 sa0 1100 meM banAkara samApta kiyA thaa| usake bAda 'sakala vidhi vidhAna' nAma kA kAvyagrantha banAyA, jisameM pUrvavartI aura samakAlIna aneka vidvAnoM kA ullekha karate hue prabhAcandra kA nAmollekha kiyA hai parantu usameM unakI racanAmoM kA koI ullekha nahI hai| isase spaSTa hai ki prameya kamala mArtaNDa ko racanA saM01100 ke bAda kisI samaya haI hai aura nyAya kUmUdacandra sa0 1112 ke bAda kI racanA hai, kyoki jayasiha rAjA bhoja (ma0 1110) ke bAda kisI samaya uttarAdhikArI haA hai| nyAya kumudacandra jayasiha ke rAjya meM racA gayA hai| isase prabhAcandra kA samaya vikrama kI 11 vIM zatAbdo kA uttarArdha aura 12 vA zatAbdI kA pUrvAdha hAnA caahiye| 1 zrI vArAdhipa-bhojarAjamukuTa-protAsma-razmicchaTA cchAyA kUkUma-paka-lipta caraNAmbho jAta lakSmIdhavaH nyAyAbjAkaramaNDane dinamagizzabdAbja-rodomaNi: sthayAtpaNDita-puNDarIka-taraNi zrImAn prabhAcandramA // 17 // zrIcaturmukhadevAnA ziSyo'dhRpya: pravAdibhiH / paNDita zrIprabhAcandro rudravAdi-gaMjAkuzaH / / 18 / / -jaina zilAlekha maMgraha bhA0 110 118 / 2 trisaptyadhike'bdAnAM sahasra zakavidvaSa. / masUtikA pure jAta mida zAstraM manoramam / pacasaMha-6

Page #318
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 IsA kI 12vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna A0 malayagiri ne Avazyaka niryukti TIkA ( pR0 371A) meM laghIyastraya kI eka kArikA kA vyAkhyAna karate hue 'TIkA kArake' nAma se nyAya kumuda candra meM kiyA gayA ukta kArikA kA vyAkhyAna bhI uddhata kiyA hai / 12vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna devabhadra ne nyAyAvatAra TIkA TippaNa ( pR0 21,76) meM prabhAcandra aura unake nyAya kumudacandra kA nAmollekha kiyA hai| ataH 12 vIM zatAbdI ke ina vidvAnoM ke ullekha se spaSTa hotA hai ki prabhAcandra 12 vI zatAbdI ke pUrvArdha se Age ke vidvAna nahIM ho sakate / racanAeM 284 AcArya prabhAcandra kI nimna kRtiyAM prasiddha haiM - 1 tattvArtha vRtti pada vivaraNa (sarvArtha siddhi ke viSamapadoM kA TippaNa / 2 pravacana saroja bhAskara ( pravacanasAra TIkA) 3 prameya kamalamArtaNDa ( parIkSAmukha vyAkhyA) 4 nyAya kumudacandra ( laghIyastraya vyAkhyA) 5 zabdAmbhoja bhAskara 6 mahApurANa TippaNa 7 gadya kathA koza (ArAdhanA kathA prabandha) 8 paMcAstikAya pradIpa (paMcAstikAya TIkA ) 6 kriyA kalApa TIkA 10 ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra TIkA 11 samAdhitaMtra TIkA 12 / tattvArtha vRttipada vivaraNa- yaha tattvArtha vRtti (sarvArthasiddhi) ke aprakaTa - vipamapadoM kA vivaraNa hai / prabhAcandra ne isa vivaraNa meM vRtti ke kathana ko puSTa karane ke lie aneka granthoM ke vAkyoM ko uddhRta kiyA hai| una granthoM meM aneka grantha prAcIna aura pUrvavartI haiN| aura kucha samasAmayika tathA unase kucha varSa pahale ke haiN| mUlAcAra, bhAva pAhuDa, paMca saMgraha, siddhabhakti, yuktyanu zAsana, bhagavatI ArAdhanA praSTazatI, gommaTasAra jIva kAMDa, saMskRta paMcasaMgraha aura vasunandi zrAvakAcAra / inameM saMskRta paMca saMgraha ke kartA zramitagati (dvitIya) vi0 saM0 1050 se 1073 ke vidvAna haiM / unakA paMca saMgraha 1073 kI racanA hai| aura vasunandi kA samaya 12 vIM zatAbdI batalAyA jAtA hai| yadi 'paDigahamuccaThThANaM' gAthA vasunandi kI hai, pUrvavartI anya kI nahIM hai taba yaha vicAraNIya hai ki ukta gAthA ke rahate hue ukta vivaraNa bhI 12 vIM zatAbdI ke prArambha meM racA gayA hai / pravacana saroja bhAskara- prAcArya kundakunda ke pravacanasAra kI TIkA hai| prabhAcandra kI isa TIkA kA nAma 'pravacana saroja bhAskara' hai / ai0 pannAlAla di0 jaina sarasvatI bhavana bambaI kI yaha 53 patrAtmaka prati saM0 1555 kI likhI huI hai, aura jo giripura meM likhI gaI thii| isa prati meM AcArya amRtacandra ke dvArA pravacanasAra TIkA meM avyAkhyAta 36 gAthAeM bhI pravacana sarojabhAskara meM yathA sthAna vyAkhyAta haiM / jayamenIya TIkA meM pravacana sarojabhAskara kA anukaraNa kiyA gayA hai| prabhAcandra ne jaba avasara dekhA tabhI unhoMne saMkSepa se dArzanika muddoM kI carcA kI hai / TIkA prati saMkSipta hote hue bhI vizada hai| isakA puSpikA vAkya nimna prakAra hai :- "iti zrI prabhAcandra viracite pravacana saroja bhAskare zubhopayogAdhikAra samApta : / " prameya kamala mArtaNDa - yaha mANikyanandI prAcArya ke 'parIkSAmukha' nAmaka sUtra grantha kI vistRta vyAkhyA hai | cU~ki parIkSAmukha sUtra zuddha nyAya kA grantha hai / ataH prameyakamalamArtaNDa kA pratipAdya viSaya bhI nyAyazAstra se sambandhita hai | sanmati TIkAkAra abhayadeva sUri aura syAdvAda ratnAkara ke racayitA vAdideva sUri ne isa graMtha kA vizeSa anusaraNa kiyA hai / syAdvAda ratnAkara meM to prameyakamalamArtaDa ke kartA kA nAma nirdeza bhI kiyA hai / aura strImukti tathA kevalabhukti ke samarthana meM usakI yuktiyoM kA khaNDana bhI kiyA hai / vAdideva kA janma vi0 saM0 1143 meM aura svargavAsa saM0 1222 meM huA thA / ve saM0 1974 meM AcArya pada para pratiSThita hue the / isake bAda unhoMne saM0 1975 (man 1918) lagabhaga syAdvAda ratnAkara kI racanA kI hogii| syAdvAda ratnAkara meM prameya kamala mArtaNDa aura nyAya kumudacandra kA na kevala zabdArthAnusaraNa hI kiyA gayA hai kintu kavalAhAra samarthana prakaraNa tathA pratibimba carcA meM prabhAcandra aura unake prameyakamalamArtaNDa kA nAmollekha karake khaMDana kiyA hai| prabhAcandra inase bahuta pUrvavartI haiN| unakI uttarAvadhi san 1900 I0 hai prabhAcandra kI yaha TIkA prameya bahula hai / prameya kamala mArtaNDa kI yaha racanA dhArAdhIza bhoja ke rAjya kAla meM huI hai / nyAya kumudacandra - akalaMka deva ke laghIyastrayakI TIkA hai| praveza haiM -pramANa praveza nayapraveza aura pravacanapraveza / prathama praveza meM 4 mUla laghIyastraya meM 78 kArikAeM aura tIna pariccheda haiM, dUsare meM eka aura tIsare meM do

Page #319
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 285 pariccheda haiM / isa taraha nyAya kumuda meM 7 parikcheda haiN| jinameM pramANa naya, nikSepa prora pravacana pravezarUna prati pAdya viSaya kA UhApoha ke sAtha vivecana kiyA gayA hai / inake atirikta tatsambandhi avAntara aneka viSayoM kI pUrva uttara pakSa ke rUpa meM carcA kI gaI hai| nyAya kumuda kI bhASA lalita aura pravAha nirvAdha hai / dArzanika zailo zrIra bhASA sauSThava, sukhada hai tathA sAhitya ke marmajJa vyAkhyAkAra anantavIrya aura vidyAnandI kA anusaraNa karane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai / itane mahAna TIkA grantha kA nirmANa karane para bhI prabhAcandra ne nimna padya meM apanI laghutA hI prakaTa kI hai / aura likhA hai ki na mujhameM vaisA jJAna hI haiM aura na sarasvatI ne hI koI vara pradAna kiyA hai / tathA isa grantha ke nirmANa meM kisI meM vAcanika sahAyatA bhI nahIM mila sakI hai| bodho meM na tathA vidho'sti na sarasvatyA pradatto varaH / sAhAyaJca na kasyacidvacanato'pyasti prabandhodaye || prameya kamalamArtaNDa kI racanA ke bAda TIkAkAra prabhAcandra ke mAnasa meM jo navIna navIna yuktiyAM avatarita huI unakA isameM nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| jahAM dvirukti kI saMbhAvanA huI, vahAM unakA nirUpaNa nahIM kiyA kintu prameyakamalamArtaNDa ke avalokana karane kA nirdeza kara diyA hai| prabhAcandra ne apane svataMtra prabandhoM meM bahutasI maulika bAteM batalAI haiM, jaise vaibhASika sammata pratItya samutpAda kA khaMDana, prativimva vicAra tama aura chAyA dravyatva Adi aneka prakaraNoM ke nAma ullekhanIya haiN| nyAya kumuda kI racanA zailI prasanna aura manomugdhakara hai / prabhAcandra ne nyAya kumuda kI racanA dhArA ke jaryAsaha deva ke rAjya meM kI hai / ( nyAya ku0 prastAvanA) zabdAmbhojabhAskara - zravaNabelagola ke zilA lekha naM0 40 (64) meM prabhAcandra ke liye zabdAmbhojabhAskara vizeSaNa diyA gayA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki prameya kamalamArtaNDa aura nyAya kumuda jaise prathita tarka granthoM ke kartA prabhAcandra hI zabdAmbhojabhAskara nAmaka jainendra vyAkaraNa mahAnyAsa ke kartA haiN| yaha nyAsa jainendra mahAvRtti ke bahuta bAda banAyA gayA hai / samAptaH / namaH zrI vardhamAnAya mahate devanandine / prabhAcandrAya gurave tasmai cAbhayanandine // isa padya meM abhayanandi ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai / zabdAmbhojabhAskara kA puSpikA vAkya isa prakAra hai : iti prabhAcandra viracite zabdAmbhojabhAskare jainendra vyAkaraNa mahAnyAse tRtIyasyAdhyAyasya caturthaH pAdaH kyoMki isameM mahAvRtti kaM zabdoM ko AnupUrvI se liyA gayA hai| vizeSa paricaya ke liye prameya kamala mArtaNDa kI prastAvanA dekheM / gadya kathA koza - yaha kathA prabandha saMskRta gadya meM racA gayA hai, jisameM = kathAeM haiN| usake bAda samApti sUcaka puSpikA pAyo jAtI hai / prabhAcandra kathAe banAI haiM yA aura adhika yaha abhI nirNaya nahIM huA / ho sakatA hai ki lipi kartA se galtI meM puSpikA vAkya likhA gayA ho, aura bAda meM kucha kathAeM aura likhakara puSpikA vAkya likhA gayA ho| grantha sAmane na hone se usake sambandha meM vizeSa kucha kahanA saMbhava nahIM mahApurANa TippaNa - prabhAcandra ne puSpadanta ke apabhraMza bhASA ke mahApurANa (prAdi purANa- uttara purANa ) para eka TippaNa likhA hai / yaha TippaNa dhArA ke rAjA jayasiMha ke rAjya kAla meM likhA gayA hai / puSpadanta ne apanA mahApurANa san 665 I0 meM samApta kiyA thaa| prabhAcandra ne usake bAda usa para TippaNa likhA hai / Adi purANa TippaNa meM dhArA aura jayasiMha nareza kA koI ullekha nahI hai / mahApurANa ke isa TippaNa kI zloka saMkhyA 3300 batalAI gaI hai| Adi purANa kI 1650, aura uttara purANa kI 1350 / prAdi purANa TippaNa kA Adi anta maMgala nimna prakAra hai : zrAdi maMgala - praNamyavIraM vibudhendra saMstutaM nirastadoSaM vRSabhaM mahodayam / padArtha saMdigdha janaprabodhakam, mahApurANasya karomi TippaNam // 1 puSpadanta ne mahApurANa siddhArtha saMvatsara 881 meM mahApurANa zurU kiyA aura 887 san 665 meM samApta kiyA thA /

Page #320
286 zranta samasta sandehaharaM manoharaM prakRSTapuNyaprabhavam jinezvam / kRtaM purANe prathame suTippaNaM mukhAvabodhaM nikhilArtha darpaNam // iti zrIprabhAcandra viracitamAdipurANa TippaNakam paMcAsazloka hInaM sahasradvayaparimANaM parisamAptA // uttara purANa TippaNa kA antima puSpikA vAkya nimna prakAra hai| zrI jaryAsaha deva rAjye zrImaddhArAnivAsinaH parAparaparameSThi praNAmopA jitAmala puNya nirAkRtA khila kalaMkena zrI prabhAcanda paMDitena mahApurANa TippaNake zatatryadhika sahasratraya parimANaM kRti miti / pATodI mandira jayapura prati kriyAkalApa TIkA - zrI paMDita prabhAcandra ke dvArA racI gaI hai| jaisA ki ai0 pannA lAla sarasvati bhavana bambaI kI hasta likhita prati kI antima prazasti se spaSTa hai| :-- vande mohatamo vinAzanapaTustrailokya dIpa prabhuH / saMsRtisamanvitasya nikhila snehasya saMzoSakaH / siddhAntAdisamastazAstra kiraNaH zrI padmarnAnda prabhuH / chiyAtprakaTArthatAM stuti padaM prAptaM prabhAcandrataH // isa prazasti padya se spaSTa hai ki kriyAkalApa ke TIkAkAra padmanandi saiddhAntika ke ziSya the / jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 inake atirikta samAdhitaMtra TIkA, ratnakaraNDa TIkA, AtmAnuzAsana tilaka TIkA, svayaMbhU stotra TIkA paMcAstikAya pradIpa, pravacanasAra TIkA ko prati ToDArAyasiMha ke neminAtha mandira meM saM0 1605 kI likhI huI maujUda hai isakI yaha jA~ca karanA Avazyaka hai yaha TIkA pravacana saroja bhAskara se bhinna hai yA vahI hai aura samayasAra vRtti kI prati 65 patrAtmaka bhaTTArakIya bhaMDAra ajamera meM upalabdha hai ina TIkA granthoM meM samAdhitatra TIkA, ratnakaraNDa TIkA, aura svayaMbhUstotra TIkA, to inhIM prabhAcandra kI mAnI ho jAtI hai / kintu zeSa TIkAoM ke sambandha meM anveSaNa kara yaha nizcaya karanA zeSa hai ki ye TIkAeM bhI unhIM prabhAcandra kI hai / yA anya kisI prabhAcandra kI haiN| vIrasena yaha mAthura saMgha ke AcArya the, jo siddhAnta zAstroM ke pAragAmI vidvAna the / AcAryoM meM zreSTha the / aura mAthura saMgha ke vratiyoM meM variSTha the| kapAya ke vinAza karane meM pravINa the| jaisA ki dharmaparIkSA prazasti ke nimna padya se spaSTa hai: siddhAnta pAthonidhi pAragAmI zrI vIraseno'jani sUrivaryaH / zrI mAthurANAM yaminAM variSThaH kaSAya vidhvaMsavidhau pariSTaH // vIramenAcArya me 5vI pIr3hI meM zramitagati dvitIya hue| inakA samaya saM0 1050 se 1073 hai / pratyeka kA kAla 20-20 varSa mAnA jAya to vIrasena kA samaya zramitagati dvitIya se 100 varSa pUrva ThaharatA hai aura vIrasena ke ziSya devasena kA samaya dazavIM zatAbdI hai / ataH vIrasena kA samaya bhI 10vIM zatAbdI honA cAhiye / devasena prastuta devasena siddhAnta samudra ke pAragAmI vidvAna vIrasena ke ziSya the / jo udayAcala rUpa sUrya ke samAna kAra kI pravRtti ko naSTa karane vAle, loka meM jJAna ke prakAzaka, satpuruSoM ke priya, tathA dhIratA se jinhoMne doSoM ko naSTa kara diyA hai, aise devasena nAma ke AcArya hue' / 1 dhvastA zeSa dhvAnta vRttirmanasvI tammAtsUrirdevamano 'janiSTa / lokodyotI pUrva zailAdivArka: ziSTA bhISTaH stheyaso'pAstadoSaH // - dharma parIkSA pra0

Page #321
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 287 yaha devasena mAthurasaMgha ke yatiyoM meM agraNI the| jisa prakAra sUrya padArtho ko prakAzita karatA hai aura pradoSA (rAtri) ko naSTa karatA hai, kamaloM ko vikasita karatA hai, usI prakAra AcArya devasena vastu svarUpa ko prakAzita karane aura prakRSTa doSoM se rahita hue bhavya rUpa kamaloM ko pramudita karate the| jaisA ki nimna padya se spaSTa hai : zrI devaseno'jani mAthurANAM gaNI yatInAM vihita pramodaH / tattvAvabhAsI nihatapradoSaH saroruhANAmiva tigmarazmiH // ____ isase yaha devamena mAthurasaMgha ke prabhAvazAlI vidvAna the / inake ziSya amitagati prathama the| jinhoMne yogasAra kI racanA kI hai| inakA samaya vi0 ko dazavI zatAbdI hai| kyoMki iname 5vI pIr3hI meM amitagati dvitIya hue haiM, jinakA racanA kAla saM0 1050 se 1073 hai| isameM se cAra pIr3hI kA 80 varSa samaya kama karane se saM0 663 prAtA hai / yahI devasenakA samaya hai| nemiSeNa yaha mAtharasaMgha ke vidvAna amitagati prathama ke ziSya the| samasta zAstro ke jAnakAra aura ziSyoM meM agraNI the, tathA mAtharamaMgha ke tilaka svarUpa the| jaisA ki subhASitaratnasandoha ko prazasti ke nimna padya se prakaTa hai : tasyajJAta samasta zAstra samayaH ziSyaH satAmagraNI: / zrImanmAthurasaMghasAdhutilakaH zrInemiSeNo bhavataH // ukta nemiSeNAcArya mAthurasampradAya rUpa AkAza meM prakAza karane vAle candramA ke samAna, tathA arhanta bhASita tatvoM meM zaMkA ke vinAzaka aura vidvatsamUha rUpa ziSyoM me pUjita the / jaisA ki zrAvakAcAra ke nimna padya se spaSTa hai vidvatsama hAcita citra ziSyaH zrI nemiSeNo'jani tasya ziSyaH / zrI mAthurAnUka nabhaH zazAMkaH sadA vidhUtA''rhata tattva zaMkaH // pArAdhanA prazasti meM bhI inheM sarva zAstrarUpI jalarAzike pArako prApta hone vAle, lokake, aMdhakAra ke vinAzaka aura zItarazmi ke samAna janapriya batalAyA hai| sarvazAstrajalarAzipArago nemiSeNa mUni naayksttH| sojaniSTa bhavane tamopahaH zItarazmiriva yo jana priyH|| inake ziSya mAdhavasena the, jo amitagati dvitIya ke guru the / cuMki amitagati dvitIya kA samaya saM0 1050 saM 1073 taka sunizcata hai / inakA samaya saM 1011 ke lagabhaga honA caahiye| mAdhavasena mAdhavasena nAmake aneka vidvAna ho gae haiN| unameM prastuta mAdhavasena mAtharasaMgha ke prAcArya nemiSeNa ke ziSya the| muniyoM ke svAmI, mAyA ke vinAzaka aura madana ko naSTa karane vAle brahmacArI the| aura vRhaspati ke 1 eka mAdhavasena bhaTTAraka mUnasaMgha senagaNa aura pogaggiccha ke candraprabha siddhAnta deva ke ziSya the / inhoMne sana 1124 I0 meM paMca parameSThI kA smaraNa kara mamAdhi maraNa dvArA zarIra kA parityAga kiyA thaa| (jaina lekha sa0 bhA0 2 10 437) dUsare mAdhavasena pratApasena ke paTTadhara the / inakA samaya vikrama kI 13 vI 14 vI zatAbdI hai| tIsare mAdhavasena ve haiM jinheM lokkiyavasadi ke liye, dekararasane jambahalli ko pradAna kiyA thaa| yaha lekha zaka varSa 984 (san 1062 I0) kA hai| cauthe mAdhavasena sUri ve haiM jinakA smaraNa padmaprabhamaladhArideva ne nimna padya dvArA kiyA hai : namo'stu te maMyamabodhamUrtaye, smarebhaka bharathalabhedanAya vai / vineya paMkeruhavikAsa bhAnave, virAjate mAdhavasenasUraye / / -(niyamasAra TI0 pR0 63)

Page #322
288 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 samAna catura the / aura inakI buddhi tattva vicAra meM pravINa thii| jaisAki nimna padya se spaSTa hai: mAdhavaseno'jani muninAtho dhvasitamAyA madanakadarthaH / tasya gariSTho gururiva ziSyastattvavicAra pravaNamanISaH / / inhIM mAdhavanena ke ziSya amitagati dvitIya hae jinhoMne saM0 1050 se 1073 taka aneka granthoM kI racanA kI hai| inakA samaya vikrama kI 11vIM zatAbdI kA madhya hai| zAntideva inakA ullekha malliSeNa prazasti meM dayApAla ke bAda 51va padya meM kiyA gayA hai| yaha bar3e tapasvI aura apane samaya ke viziSTa vidvAna the| malliSaNa prazasti ke ukta padya me jJAta hotA hai ki inake pavitra caraNa kamaloM kI pUjA hoyasala nareza vinayAditya dvitIya (san 1047 se 1100I0) karatA thaa| lekha naM0 200 se bhI isakA samarthana hotA hai| yaha vinayAditya dvitIya ke guru the| isa zilAlekha meM jo zaka saM0 684 (san 1062 I0) meM 1047 se san utkIrNa kiyA gayA hai, unake samAdhimaraNa dvArA divaMgata hone kA ullekha hai / isase zAnti deva kA samaya san 1062 I. taka hai| arthAt yaha IsA ko 11vI zatAbdI ke vidvAna the / nagara ke vyApArI saMgha ke logoM ne apane guru kI smRti meM yaha smAraka banavAyA hai| amitagati (dvitIya) amitagati (dvitIya)-yaha mAthara saMgha ke vidvAna nemipeNa ke prazipya aura mAdhavasena ke ziSya the| yaha gyArahavIM zatAbdI ke acche vidvAna aura kavi the| aApakI kavitA sarala aura vastUtattva kI vivecaka hai| kavi ne apanI guru paramparA nimna prakAra batalAI hai / vIrasena ziSya devamena, amitagati prathama, nemiSeNa aura mAdhavasena / yaha apane samaya ke viziSTa vidvAna the| aura vAkyatirAja maMja kI sabhA ke eka ratna the / mUja kA eka dAna patra vi0 saM01036 kA prApta hanA hai jise unake pradhAna maMtrI rudrAditya ne likhA thaa| vi0 saM0 1078 meM tailaMga deza ke rAjA talipa dvArA muMja kI mRtyu huI thii| aura unakI mRtyu ke bAda bhoja kA rAjyAbhiSeka huaa| amitagati kI nimnakRtiyA~ upalabdha haiM-subhASitaratna sandoha, dharmaparIkSA, upAsakAcAra (amitagati zrAvakAcAra) paMcasaMgraha, ArAdhanA, tattvabhAvanA (sAmAyika pATha) aura bhAvanA dvAtriMzatikA / jinheM kavi ne vi0 saM0 1050 se 1073 ke madhya racA thaa| subhASitaratna sandoha-yaha svopajJa subhASita grantha hai| isameM sAMsArika viSaya nirAkaraNa, kopa-lobhanirAkaraNa, mAyA-ahaMkAra nirAkaraNa, indriya nigrahopadeza, strI guNa-doSa vicAra, sadasatsvarUpa nirUpaNa, jJAna nirUpaNa, cAritra nirUpaNa, jAti nirUpaNa, jarA nirUpaNa, mRtya-sAmAnya nityatA / devajarA-jIva-sambodhana, durjanasajjana-dAna, madya-niSedha, mAMsaniSedha, madhuniSedha, kAmaniSedha, vezyAsaMganiSedha, dyUtaniSedha, prAptavivecana, guru svarUpa, dharmanirUpaNa, zokanirUpaNa, zauca, zrAvaka dharma aura dvAdaza tapazcaraNa, ye battIsa prakaraNa hai / zrAvaka dharmakA nirUpaNa 1 dekho malliSeNa prazasti kA 51 vA padya 2 sakakAlaMgati-nAga-randhra-zubhakRt maMvatmarA SADhadol / sukaraM paurNami-bhaumavAra mIse diladA shrvnn"""| .."kadindaM vare zAntidevaramalara sanyAsanaM geTadu bhak / ti karaM kai-vazamAge geydU paDedara nirvANa-sAmrAjyam // jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 2 10245 3 dekho, subhASitaratna saMdoha grantha kI pragasti / 4 dekho, vizvezvaranAtha reu kA 'gajA bhoja / 5 vikramAvAsagadaSTa muni vyomendu (1078) saMmite / varSe mujhapade bhoja bhUpaH paTTe nivezitaH //

Page #323
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 289 217 padyoM meM kiyA hai / pUre grantha meM 622 padya haiM yaha grantha vi0 saM0 1050 meM popa sudI paMcamI ko samApta hamA hai / jaba yaha grantha samApta huA usa samaya muja rAjya karatA thaa| kavi ne apane subhApitoM kA uddezya batalAte hue likhA hai ki janayati mudamantavyapAtho rahANAM, harati timirarAzi yA prabhA bhAvanIva / kRta nikhila padArtha dyotanA bhAratIddhA, vivaratu dhuta doSA saMhitAM bhAratI vH|| jisa taraha sUrya kI kiraNa andhakAra kA vinAzakara samasta padArtho ko prakAzita karatI haiM aura kamaloM ko vikasita karatI hai| usI prakAra ye subhApita cetana-pracaMtana-viSayaka ajJAna ko dUra kara bhavyajanoM ke citta ko prasanna karate hai| kavi ne jJAna kA mahatva batalAte hue likhA hai ki jJAnaM binA nAstya hitAnnivRttistataH pravRtti naM hite janAnAm / tato na pUrvAjitakarmanAzastato na saukhyaM labhate'pyabhISTam // jJAna ke binA mAnava kI ahita me nivRtti nahIM hotI, ahita ko nivRtti na hone se hitakArya meM pravRtti nahI hotI / hita kArya meM pravRtti na hone se pUrvopAjita karma kA vinAza nahIM hotA aura pUrvopArjita karmakA vinAza na hAne meM abhISTa mokSa sukha kI prApti nahIM hotii| isI taraha vRddhAvagthA kA citraNa karate hue likhA hai ki jaba manuSya jarA (bur3hApA) se grasta ho jAtA hai naba usakA sampUrNa rUpa naSTa bhraSTa hone lagatA hai| bolane meM thUka giratA hai, calane meM paira Ter3he ho jAte haiN| buddhi apanA kAma nahIM krtii| patnI bhI mevA-zuzrUSA karanA chor3a detI hai / aura putra bhI AjJA nahI maantaa| isa taraha yaha gratha sundara mUktiyoM se vibhUSita hai| aura kaNTha karane yogya hai| dharma parIkSA-saMskRta sAhitya meM apane DhaMga kI kRti hai| isameM purANoM kI UTa-paTAMga kathAoM aura mAnyatAoM kA manoraMjaka rUpa meM majAka karate hue unhe avizvAsanIya batalAyA hai / samUcA grantha 1645 zlokoM meM sundara kathA ke rUpa meM nibaddha hai| jise kavi ne do mahIne meM banAyA thaa| haripeNa kI 'dharma parIkSA' vikrama saMvata 1044 meM banI hai| hariSeNa ne likhA hai ki usase pahale jayarAma kI gAthAbaddha dharma parIkSA thii| use maiMne paddhaDiyA chanda meM kiyA hai| bahuta sabhava hai ki isa para hariSeNa kI dharma parIkSA aura haribhadra ke dhUrtAkhyAna kA prabhAva par3A ho / kyoMki pAtroM ke nAmAdi 'dharmaparIkSA' ke samAna haiN| isa kAraNa vaha isakA prAdhAra rahI ho / to koI Azcarya kI bAta nahIM hai / yaha grantha vikrama sa0 1070 meM banAkara samApta kiyA hai| paMcasa graha-yaha prAkRta paMcasaMgraha kA anuvAda hai| isa para DaDDhA ke pacasagraha kA prabhAva hai, vaha amitagati ke sAmane maujada thaa| isameM karmabandha, udaya, udIraNA aura sattA prAdi kA varNana hai| isakI racanA kavi ne 1 samArUDhe pUta tridazavamati vikramanape, mahA varSANA prabhavatihi pacAzadadhike / samApte pacamyAmavati dhariNI muNjnpto| site pakSe paure budhahitamidaM zAstramanagham subhASita ratna sandoha prazasti / 2 galati sakalarUpaM lAlA vimuJcati jalpanaM, mvalati gamanaM dantAnAzaM zrayanti zarIriNaH / viramati matinoM zuzrUSAM karoti ca gehinii| vapuSi jarasA graste vAkyaM tanoti na dehajaH // 276 // 3 amitagatirivedaM svastha mAsa dvayena / prathita vizadakIttiH kAvya mudbhUta doSam // 4 saMvatmarANAM vigate sahastre sa saptatau vikramapArthivasya / idaM niSidhyAnyamataM samApta jainendradharmAmRtayuktizAstram / /

Page #324
260 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 masUtikApura meM vi0 saM0 1073 meM samApta kI hai| upAkAsacAra-prAcArya amitagati dvArA viracita hone se isakA nAma amitagati zrAvakAcAra kahA jAne lagA hai / kartAne svayaM-'upAsakAcAra vicArasAraM saMkSepataH zAstramahaM krissye|' vAkya dvArA ise upAsakAcAra zAstra batalAyA hai| upalabdha zrAvakAcAroM meM yaha vizada, sugama aura vistRta hai| isakI zloka saMkhyA 1352 hai| isa zrAvakAcAra kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki kavi ne pratyeka sarga yA adhyAya ke antima padya meM apanA nAma diyA hai| grantha 15 paricchedoM meM vibhAjita hai| prathama pariccheda meM saMsAra kA svarUpa batalAte hue dharma kI mahattA ko prakaTa kiyA hai aura batalAyA hai ki isa loka meM jIvakA sAthI dharma hI hai, anya gaha, pUtrI, strI, mitra, dhana, svAmo aura sevaka, ye jIva ke sAtha nahIM jAte, karmodaya se inakA saMyoga milatA hai| dharma hI eka aisA padArtha hai jo jova ke sAtha paraloka meM bhI jAtA hai, ataH vahI hitakArI hai| gRhAMgajA putrakalatramitra svasvAmi bhatyAdi padArtha vrge| vihAya dharma na zarIra bhAjA mihAsti kicitsahagAmi pathyam // 60 dharma se hI mAnava jIvana kI zobhA hai, dharma ke pratApa se indra, dharaNendra cakravAdikI prApta hotI hai| tIrthakara pada bhI dharma se hI milatA hai| dharma se hI ApadAoM kA vinAza hotA hai / ataH dharmAcaraNa karanA zreyaskara hai| dUsare pariccheda meM mithyAtva ko heya batalAte hue samyagdarzana ko prApta karane kI preraNA kI hai aura usakI mahattA kA vivecana kiyA hai| tIsare pariccheda meM samyagdarzana ke viSaya bhUta jIvAdika padArthoM kA varNana kiyA hai| cauthe pariccheda meM 74 padyoM dvArA cArvAka, vijJAnAdvaitavAdI, brahmadvaitavAdI, sAMkhya, naiyAyika, asarvajJatAvAdI, mImAMsaka aura bauddha Adi anyamatoM ke abhiprAya ko dikhalAkara unakA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai| pAMcaveM pariccheda meM 74 padyoM dvArA madya, mAMsa, madha, rAtribhojana aura paMca udaMbara phaloM ke khAne ke tyAga kA varNana hai| yathA madya mAMsa-madhurAtribhojanaM kSIravRkSaphalavarjanaM vidhaa| kurvate vata jighRkSayA budhAstatra puSyati niSevite vratam / dya meM rAtri bhojana ke sAtha pAMca umbara aura tIna makAra kA tyAga avazyaka batalAyA hai, kyoMki unake tyAga se vrata puSTa hote haiM / kintu inheM mUlaguNa nahIM btlaayaa| chaThe pariccheda meM 100 zlokoM dvArA zrAvaka ke bAraha vratoMkA-pAMca aNuvrata, tIna guNavata, cAra zikSA vratoM kA sUndara varNana kiyA hai / ahiMsA aNuvrata kA kathana karate hue hiMsA ke do bheda kiye haiM, eka ArambhI hiMsA aura usarI anArambhI hiMsA / aura likhA hai ki jo gaha tyAgI muni haiM ve to donoM prakAra kI hiMsA nahIM krte| kintu jo gahasthI hai vaha anArambhI hiMsA kA to parityAga kara detA hai, kintu prArambhI hiMsA kA tyAga nahIM kara sktaa| "hiMsA dvadhA proktA''rambhAnArambhamedato vkssH| gRhavAsato nivRtto dhA'pi trAyate tAMca / / 6 gRhavAsasevanarato mandakaSAyaH pratitArambhaH / prArambhajAM sa hiMsAM zaknoti na rakSitu niyatam // 7 jo ina vratoM ko samyaktva sahita dhAraNa karatA hai vaha amara sampadA kA upobhaga karatA huA anta meM avinAzI sukha prApta karatA hai| 1 trisaptatyadhike 'bdAnAM sahastre zaka vidviSaH / masUtikA pure jAta midaM zAstraM manoharam //

Page #325
yArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 261 sAtaveM pariccheda meM 76 zlokoM meM vratoMke aticAroM ke varNana ke sAtha thAvaka kI 11 pratimAoMkAdarzana, vrata, sAmAyika, proSadha, sacitya tyAga, rAtribhojana tyAga, brahmacarya, prArambha tyAga, parigraha tyAga, anumati tyAga aura uddiSTa tyAga rUpa ekAdaza sthAnoM kA-kathana kiyA gayA hai| pAThaveM pariccheda meM sAmAyika, stavana, vandanA, pratikramaNa, pratyAkhyAna aura koyotsarga rUpa chaha prAvazyakoM kA svarUpa aura unake bheda-prabhedoM kA vistRta varNana kiyA gayA hai| haveM pariccheda meM dAna, pUjA, zIla, upavAsa, ina cAroMkA svarUpa batalAte hue inheM saMsAravana ko bhasma karane ke liye pragni ke samAna batalAyA hai| dazaveM pariccheda meM pAtra kupAtra aura apAtra kA kathana kiyA hai| aura kupAtra-apAtra ko tyAga kara dAna dene kI preraNA kI hai| gyArahaveM pariccheda meM abhayadAna, usakA phala aura mahattA kA varNana nirdiSTa hai| vArahaveM pariccheda meM jina pUjA kA varNana kiyA hai aura pUrvAcAryo ke anusAra vacana aura zarIra kI kriyA ko rokane kA nAma dravya pUjA aura mana ko rokakara jina bhakti meM lagAne kA nAma bhAva pUjA kahA hai / yathA vaco vigrahasaMkoco dravyapUjA nigadyate / tatra mAnasasaMkoco bhAvapUjA pUrAtanaH / / 12 kintu amitagati ne apane mata se gandha puSpa, naivedya, dIpa, dhUpa aura akSata se pUjA karane kA nAma dravya pUjA aura jinendra guNoM kA cintana karane kA nAma bhAva pUjA batalAyA hai| gandhaprasUna sAnnAha dopadhUpAkSatAdibhiH / kriyamANAthavA jJeyA dravyapUjA vidhAnataH // 13 vyApakAnAM vizuddhAnAM jinAnAmanurAgataH / guNAnAM yadanudhyAnaM bhAvapUjeyamucyate / / 14 / / 13veM pariccheda meM ratnatraya ke dhAraka saMyamIna kI vinaya kA varNana hai / aura unakI vaiyAvRtya karane kA vidhAna kiyA hai| caudahaveM pariccheda meM vAraha bhAvanAoM kA varNana hai| pandrahaveM pariccheda meM 114 zlokoM dvArA dhyAna kA aura usake bheda-prabhedoM kA varNana kiyA hai| isa taraha yaha grantha zrAvaka dharma kA acchA varNana karatA hai| pArAdhanA-yaha zivArya kI prAkRta ArAdhanA kA padyabaddha saMskRta anuvAda hai jise kartAne cAra mahIne meM pUrA kiyA thaa| prazasti meM kavi ne devasena se lekara apane taka kI guru paramparA dI hai, parantu samaya aura sthAna kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyaa| grantha kartA ne bhagavatI pArAdhanA meM pArAdhanA kI stuti karate hue eka vasunandi yogI kA ullekha kiyA hai, jo unase pUrvavartI jJAta hote haiM: yaH niHzeSa parigrahebhadalane durvArasiMhAyate / yA kajJAnatamo ghaTAvighaTane candrAMzu rociiyte| yA cintAmaNireva cintitaphalaiH saMyojayaMtI janAna / sAvaH zrI vasunandiyogi mahitA paayaatsdaaraadhnaa| isase ve eka yogI aura mahAn vidvAna jJAta hote haiN| tattvabhAvanA-yaha 120 padyoMkA choTA sA prakaraNa hai, ise sAmAyika pATha bhI kahA jAtA hai| yaha prakaraNa brahmacArI zItala prasAda jI ke anuvAda ke sAtha sUrata se prakAzita ho cukA hai / isake anta meM kavi ne likhA hai 1 dAnaM pUjA jina zIlamupavAsazcaturviSaH / zrAvakANAM mato dharmaH saMsArAraNya pAvakaH // 1 //

Page #326
262 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 vRtyavaMza zateneti kurvatA tatvabhAvanA / sadyo'mitagateriSTA nivRttiH kriyate kare / 'iti dvitIya bhAvanA samAptA' isase yaha koI bar3A grantha honA cAhiye jisakA yaha dUsarA adhyAya hai| bhAvanA dvAtriMzatikA-yaha 32 padyoM kA eka choTA-sA prakaraNa hai| isako kavitA bar3o sundara aura komala hai| ise par3hane se bar3o zAMti milatI hai / isakA hindo aMgrejI bhASA meM anuvAda ho cukA hai| bahuta se loga ise sAmAyika ke samaya isakA pATha karate haiM / brahma hemacandra hemacandra ne apanI guru paramparA aura gaNa gacchAdika kA ullekha nahIM kiyaa| unhoMne prAkRta bhASA meM 'zrataskandha' kI 64 gAthAoM meM racanA kI hai| jise unhoMne tilaga deza ke ke Danagara ke candraprabha jina mandira : rAmanandI saiddhAntika ke prasAda se dezayatI hemacandrane banAkara samApta kiyA thaa| grantha meM koI racanA kAla nahI diyaa| isa kAraNa brahma hemacandra kaba hue yaha vicAraNIya hai| eka rAmanandI kA ullekha nayanando (vi0 saM0 1100) ke sudarzana carita ko prazastimeM pAyA jAtA hai jisameM vaSabha nandI ke bAda rAmanandI kA ullekha kiyA hai| aura sakala vidhi vidhAna ko prazani kaMcIpura kA ullekha karate hue ballabharAya dvArA nirmApita pratimA kA ullekha kiyA hai aura batAyA hai ki vahAM guNamaNi nidhAna' rAmanandI aura jayakoti mojUda the| aura prAcArya rAmanando ke ziSya bAlacanda ne sakala vidhi vidhAna grantha banAne ko preraNA kI thii| isa kAraNa ye rAmanandI vikramakI 11vIM zatAbdI ke prAcArya haiN| naTa parANa meM AyA hai aura unheM namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| aggaladevane ukta purANa zaka saM0 1111 (vi0 saM0 1246) meM banAkara samApta kiyA hai / ataH rAmanando saM0 1246 se pUrva vartI haiN| jahAM taka saMbhava hai prathama rAmanandI ke prasAda se hI hemacandra ne zrutaskaMdha banAyA ho| yadi yaha ThIka ho to brahma hemacandra 11vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna ho sakate haiN| zrutaskandha meM zruta kA svarUpa aura aMga-pUrvoke padoM kA pramANa batalAte hue bhagavAna mahAvIra ke bAda zrata paramparA kisa taraha calI isakA vivaraNa diyA gayA hai| paramparA vahI hai jisakA ullekha tiloyapaNNattA dhavalA, jayadhavalA, indra nandi zrutAvatAra, aura harivaMza purANa Adi meM pAI jAtI hai / padmanandI padamanandI-malasaMgha kANaragaNa tintriNI gaccha ke siddhAnta cakravara padmanando the| unheM kadamba kala ke kIti deva kI paTTa mahiSI mAlaladevI ne brahma jinAlaya kI dainika pUjA aura muniyoM ke AhAra ke liye padmanandi siddhAnta cakravartI ke liye pAda prakSAlana pUrvaka 'siDDaNi vallina' ko prApta kara dAna diyaa| yaha lekha zaka saM0 197 san 1075 kA utkIrNa kiyA huA hai / isase ina padmanandi kA samaya IsAkI 11vI sadI kA antima pAda hai| kanakasena (dvitIya) prastuta kanakasena candrikAvATa senAnvaya ke vidvAna prAcArya ajitasena ke dIkSita ziSya the| jo mAna-mada 1 'jahi ramaNaMdi guNa-mariNa-riNahANu / jayakitti mahAkitti vi pahANu / ' jaina graMtha prazasti saM0 bhA0 2 10 27 2 tahi Nie vi bhavvAhiNaMdigNA, sUriNA mahAgamaNaMdiNA, bAlaiMdu-sIseNa jaMpiyaM; sayalavihi NihANaM maNappiyaM / jaina graMtha prazasti saM0 bhA0 2 10 27 3 jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 2 10 266-270

Page #327
gthArahavI aura bArahavI zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 263 se rahita, pApoM ke nAzaka, mahAvratake pAlaka pAra muniyoM meM zreSTha the| jaisA ki nAgakumAra carita ke ninna padya se spaSTa hai : ajani tasya munevara dIkSito, vigatamAnamado duritAntakaH / kanakasenamuni munipuMgavo, varacaritramahAvatapAlakaH / / ve jinAgama ke vedI, sasAra rUpa vana kA uccheda karane vAla aura karmendhana ke jalAne meM paTu the / jaisA ki bhairava padmAvatI kalpakI prazasti ke nimna padya se prakaTa hai : jina samayAgamavedI gurutara sNsaarkaannocchedii| karmendhanadahanapaTustacchiSyaH kanakasenagaNiH // 56 ina kanakasena ke zipya jinamena the ora matIrtha the narendrasena / mallipaNa inhI jina mena ke ziSya the| satIrtha hone ke kAraNa malliSeNa ne narendrasena kA guru rUpa me smaraNa kiyA hai| ca ki mallipaMNa ne apanA mahApurANa zaka sa0 666 (san 1047 I0) me samApta kiyA hai / ata. kanakamena kA samaya dazavI zatAbdI kA upAntya hai| narendrasena (prathama) narendramena nAma ke aneka vidvAna hA gae hai| eka narendramena ajitasena ke zipya kanakamena dvitIya (san 160 I0) ke zipya aura jinamena ke madharmA the| vAdirAja ne zaka varSa 644 (san 1025) me inhI narendramena kA smaraNa kiyA hai / kyoki usame kanakagena ke sAtha narendra sena kA bhI ullakha hai / dekho (nyAya vinizcaya vivaraNa prazasti) mallipeNa sUrine jA jinasena ke ziSya the| apane guru bhAI narendra mena ko nAgakamAra carita ko prazasti meM ujjvala caritravAna, prakhyAtakIti, puNya mati, tattvajJa aura kAmavijayI batalAyA hai jaisAki nAgakamAra carita kI prazasti ke nimna padya me prakaTa hai : tasyAnujAzcAru caritra vRttiH prakhyAtakIti bhuvipuNyamUtiH / narendraseno jitavAdiseno vijJAnatattvo jitakAmasUtraH // 4 jinamena ke sadharmA hone se mallipaMNa ne inhe bhI apanA guru mAnA hai| tacchiSyo vibhadAgraNIrga NanidhiH zrImalliSeNAhayaH / saMjAtaH sakalAgameSu nipuNo vAgdevatAlakRtiH / / ina narendra mena kA samaya pI0 bI0 desAI ne san 1020I0 banalAyA hai| inake ziSya nayasena prathama the| jinakA samaya pI0 bI0 desAI ne san 1050 I. batalAyA hai| cAlUkya cakravati trailokyamalla somezvara (san 1053-1067) ke zAsana kAla meM usake sandhi vigrahAdhikArI beladeva kI prArthanAnumAra sindakacarama ne malagunda ke jina mandira ko bhUmidAna dene kA prastAva kiyA hai| usameM mukhyataH beladeva ka guru nayasena aora nayamena ke guru narendrasena kA varNana diyA hai / narendrasena dvitIya-vidyacakrezvara prastuta narendrasena mUla magha senAnvaya candrakavATa anvaya ke inhI nayamena ke ziSya the / aura vyAkaraNa zAstra ke mahAna paDita the| cAlukya cakravartI bhuvanekamalla somezvara dvitIya (man 1068) se pUjita guNacandra deva ne narendrasena muni ko 'vidya' batalAyA hai mUlagunda ke man 1053 ke zilAlekha meM narendrasena ko vyAkaraNa kA paDita batalAte hae likhA hai ki-'candra, kAtatra, jainendra zabdAnuzAsana, pANinI, indra Adi vyAkaraNa gratha narendrasena ke liye eka prakSara ke samAna hai| yathA-- 1 Jainism in South India p 139 2 jaina lekha sa0 bhA0 4 10 115 me lakSmezvara (maisUra) kA lekha 165 3 jaina lekha saMgraha bhAga 4 pR060 me mUla gundakA man0 1053 kA lekha

Page #328
264 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 cAndra kAtaMtra jainendraM zabdAnuzAsanaM pANinIya mattendra narendrasena munIndrage'kAkSara peraMgiSu mogo / yaha narendrasena vyAkaraNa zAstra ke sAtha nyAya (darzana) zAstra aura kAvya zAstra ke bhI vidvAna the| isI se inake ziSya nayasena ne apane kannar3a grantha dharmAmRta meM apane guru narendrasena kA guNagAna karate hue zAstrajJAna ke samudra aura traividya cakrezvara batalAyA hai| yathA 'zrutavArAzi narendrasenamunipaM traividyacakrezvaram / narendrasena ne apane ziSya nayasena ko vyAkaraNa aura nyAya zAstra meM niSNAta banAyA thA / nyAya vyAkaraNa aura kAvya zAstra meM nipuNa vidvAnoM ko ' traividya' kI upAdhi se alaMkRta kiyA jAtA thA / nayasena ne apane dharmAbhRta kA samAptikAla akSara saMkhyA meM prakaTa kiyA hai- "girI zikhoM mArga zazI saMkhyaya lAvagamodita suttire zaka kAla munnatiya nandana vatsara dol"| yahAM giri zabda kA saMketArtha sAta hone se zaka varSa 1037 hone para bhI nandana saMvatsara zaka varSa 1034 meM Ane se giri zabda kA saMketArtha ' grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| isase dharmAmRta kA racanAkAla zaka varSa 1034 san 1912 nizcita hai / isase narendrasenakA samaya 25 varSa pUrva san 1087 honA cAhiye / pI0 bI0 desAI ne bhI ina narendrasena dvitIya kA samaya san 1080 batalAyA hai / narendramena kI ekamAtra kRti 'pramANa prameya kalikA' hai| yaha nyAya viSayaka eka laghu sundara kRti hai / jo nyAya ke abhyAsiyoM ke liye bahuta upayogI hai| isameM pramANa aura prameya ina do viSayoM para sarala saMkSipta aura vizada rUpa se cintana kiyA gayA hai| bhASA zailI sarala evaM pravAha pUrNa hai / racanA meM kahIM kahIM muhAvaroM, nyAya vAkyoM aura vizeSa padoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / zrAcArya narendrasena ne isa grantha meM prabhAcandra kI paddhatikA anusaraNa kiyA hai / grantha meM racanA kAla nahIM hai, aura na unake ziSya nayasena ne hI unakI kRti kA ullekha hI kiyA hai / unakI anya kRtiyAM bhI anveSaNIya haiN| inakA samaya san 1060 se san 1087 I0 honA saMbhava hai / jinasena jinasena mUlasaMgha senagaNa ke vidvAna the aura kanakasena dvitIyake jo jinAgama ke vedI aura gurutara saMsAra kAnana ke ucchedaka aura karmendhana-dahana meM paTTa ziSya the| jinamena munIndra, mada rahita sakala zipyoM meM pradhAna, kAma ke vinAzaka aura saMsAra samudra se tArane ke liye naukA ke samAna the| jaisAki nAgakumAra caritra prazasti ke nimna padya se prakaTa hai gatamayo'janitasya mahAmuneH prathitavAna jinasena munIzvaraH / sakala ziSyavaro hatamanmatho bhavamahodadhitArataraMDakaH // jinakA zarIra cAritra se bhUSita thA / parigraha rahita - nisaMga, duSTa kAmadeva ke vinAzaka aura bhavyarUpa kamaloM ko vikasita karane ke liye sUrya ke samAna the| jaisA ki bhairava padmavatI kalpa ko prazasti se spaSTa haicAritra bhUSitAGgo niHsaMgo mathita durjayAnaMga: / tacchiSyo jinaseno babhUva bhavyAbjadyarmA zuH 56 kanakasena dvitIya kA samaya 660 IsvI hai / aura jinasena kA samaya IsvI san 1020 hai / nayasena nayasena - mUla saMgha - senAnvaya-candrakavATa anvaya ke vidvAna the aura traividyacakravartI narendra sUri ke ziSya the / narendrasena apane samaya ke bahuta prabhAvazAlI vidvAna hue haiN| cAlukya vaMzIya bhuvanaikamalla (san 1066 se 1076) 1 anekAnta varSa 23 kiraNa 1 pR0 41 2 janijya ina sAutha iMDiyA pR0 136

Page #329
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 265 taka unakI sevA karate the| narendrasena vyAkaraNa aura nyAyazAstra ke bar3e vidvAna the| aura vividha upAdhiyoM se alaMkRta the| ye malliSeNa ke guru jinasena ke sadharmA the inhoMne nayasena ko par3hAkara acchA vidvAna banAyA thA / isI se nayasena ne unakA bar3e Adara ke sAtha smaraNa kiyA hai / mulagada ke zilAlekha (san 1053) meM narendra sena ke ziSya nayasena ko sabhI vyAkaraNa granthoMkA jJAtA vidvAna batalAyA hai ninagarne be no zAkaTAina, munIza tAne zabdAnuzAsana dola pANinI, pANinIya dolacandra cAndrAdolatajjina / drana jainendra dolA kumAra ne gaMDa kaumAra volAnvarareMtene ponnatannayasena paMDitaM rolanyAdhivitoyola / / vacana:-itu samasta zabda zAstra pAragannaya sena paMDita devara nayasena ko banAI haI do racanAe upalabdha haiN| karNATa bhASA kA vyAkaraNa aura dUsarA grantha dharmAmata / isameM 14 pAzvAsa haiN| ina AzvAmo meM kavi ne samyagdarzana aura usake pATha aga aura pAca vratoM ko kathAnoM ke mAdhyama se zrAvakA cAra kA vistRta kathana kiyA hai| isa grantha kI bhASA kanar3I hai, jo bahuta hI sundara, lalita aura zuddha hai| isI se kavi kI gaNanA kannar3a sAhitya ke AkAza meM dedIpyamAna granthakAro meM kI gaI hai, aura saubhAgya se prAyaH ve sava kavi jaina hai| pampa, ranna, ponna, sAlva, ratnAkara, aggala aura bandhuvargI Adi saba kavi jainadharma ke premI aura zraddhAlu the| kannaDa sAhitya ke bhaNDAra ko inhoMne samRddha kiyA hai / isa samaddhi meM nayasena kA bahuta bar3A bhAga rahA hai| inake grantha meM bhASA kA sauSThava aura upamAdi alaMkAroM kI chaTA pada-padapara dekhane ko milatI hai| bhASA meM pravAha aura proja hai| kathAnaka kI zailI sarala aura sajIva tathA rocaka hai / yaha sajIvatA hI lekhaka kI apanI vizeSatA hai| grantha meM kartA ne dharmAmRta ke Adi meM apane se pUrvavartI nimna vidvAnoM kA ullekha kiyA hai jinakI saMkhyA pacapana (55) hai-"ahaMdabalI, gaNadhara, prAryamakSa nAgahasti, yativaSabha, dharasenAcArya, bhUtabalI, pUSpadanta, kundakundAcArya, jaTAsiMhanandi, kUci bhaTTAraka, svAmi samantabhadra, kavi parameSThI, pUjyapAda, vidyAnanda, anantavIrya, siddhasena zrutakIrti, prabhAcandra, bappadeva elAcArya, vIrasena, jinasena, guNabhadra, ajitasenamuni, somadeva paNDita,tribhuvanadeva, narendrasena, nayasena, zubhacandra, siddhAntadeva, rAmanandi' saiddhAntika (mAghanandI) guNacandra paNDita, vidya narendrasena, vAsupUjya siddhAntI, padmanandI saiddhAntika, meghacandra saiddhAntika, mAghanandI saiddhAntika, prabhAcandra saiddhAntika, arhanandI bhaTTAraka, zrutakIti, rAmasiMha, vAsupUjya bhaTTAraka, cArusena, kukkuTAsana maladhAri, meghacandra vidya rAmasenavatI. kanakanandI munIndra, prakalaMka, asagakavi, ponnakavi, pampakavi, gajAMkuzakavi,guNavarmA, ranna kavi, / kavi nayasena ne sAdhAraNa kathA ko itane sundara DhaMga se citrita kiyA hai ki vaha par3hate samaya pAThaka ke mAnasa para apanA prabhAva aMkita kiye binA nahIM rhtii| yahI kAraNa hai ki pazcAdvartI kaviyoM ne ise sukavi nikara pika mAkanda, sukavi janamanaH sarorAjahaMsa' Adi vizeSaNoM se bhUSita kiyA hai / granthakartA ne apane ko 'mUlagunda' kA nivAsI batalAyA hai / jo eka tIrtha ke rUpa meM prasiddha hai| mUlagunda dhAravADa jile kI gadaga tahasIla se 12 mIla dakSiNa pazcima kI ora hai| yahIM ke jaina mandira meM baiThakara kavi ne kanar3I bhASA meM dharmAmRta kI racanA kI hai| jo 24 adhikAroM meM vibhakta hai| yahA~ isa samaya cAra jaina mandira haiN| yahA ke mandira meM rahate hae malliSeNAcArya ne aneka granthoM kI racanA kI hai| aura maiM jagata pUjya-sukavi-nikara-pikamAkanda ho gayA hai likhA hai| kavi ne graMtha kI racanA kA samaya akSaroM meM diyA hai| usameM 'girI' zabda kA saMketArtha sAta hote hue bhI 'nandana saMvatsara zaka varSa 1034 meM 1 mUla natha ke TippaNa meM rAmanandi kA nAma mAghanandi diyA hai| 2 mUla gudadolidu mahojjvala dharmAmRta manatimida bhavyA / bali giri padaM dharitrI-tala pUjyaM sukavi nikara pikamAkandaM // -dharmAmRta 14-168 3 'giri zikhI vAyu mArgazazI saMnya yolA vagamodivati suttire zaka kAla munnatiya nandana vatsara dola" -dharmAmRta prazasti

Page #330
266 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 Ane se zaka varSa 1034 grahaNa kiyA gayA hai / arthAt dharmAmRta kI racanA I0 san 1912 ke laga bhaga huI hai| isa grantha kI hindITIkA prAcArya dezabhUSaNa ne kI hai graMtha mUla aura hindI TIkA sahita do khaNDI meM prakAzita ho cukA hai / nayasenake liye zaka saMvat 675 ke vijaya saMvatsara meM san 1053 meM veladeva kI preraNA se sindakula ke saradAra kacasara ne kucha bhUmi dAna meM dI thii| isase jJAta hotA hai ki nayamena dIrgha jIvI the| usake bAda ve apane jIvana se bhUmaMDala ko kitane varSa aura alaMkRta karate rahe, yaha anveSaNIya hai / malliSeraNa malliSeNa - ajitasena kI ziSya paramparA meM hue haiN| ajitasena ke ziSya kanakasena' aura kanakasena ke zipya jinasena aura jinasena ke ziSya mallipeNa the| inhoMne jinamena ke anuja yA satIrtha narendrasena kA bhI guru rUpa se ullekha kiyA hai vAdirAja ne bhI nyAyavinizcaya ko prazasti meM kanakasena aura narendramena kA smaraNa kiyA hai u isase vAdirAja bhI malliSeNa ke samakAlIna jAna par3ate haiM / aura unake dvArA smRta kanakamena aura narendramena bhI vahI jJAta hote haiM / mallipeNa vAdirAja ke samAna maThapati jJAta hote haiN| kyoMki inake racita maMtra-taMtra viSayaka graMthoM meM stambhana, mAraNa, mohana, vazIkaraNa aura aMganAkarSaNa Adi ke prayoga pAye jAte haiN| ye ubhaya bhASA kavi cakravartI (prAkRta praura saMskRta bhASA ke vidvAna ) kavizekhara, gArur3a matravAdavedI Adi padaviyoM se alaMkRta the / unhoMne apane ko sakalAgama meM nipuNa, lakSaNavedI, aura tarkavedI tathA maMtravAda meM kuzala sUcita kiyA he' / ve gRhastha ziSyoM ke kalyANa ke liye maMtra taMtra aura rogopacAra kI pravRtti bhI karate the| ve ucca zreNI ke kavi the / bhairava padmAvatI kalpa ke anusAra unake sAmane saMskRta prAkRta kA koI kavi apanI kavitA kA abhimAna nahIM kara sakatA thA / yadyapi ve vividha viSayoM ke vidvAna hote hue bhI maMtravAdI ke rUpa meM hI unakI vizeSa khyAti thI / yaha vikrama kI 11 vIM zatAbdI ke anta aura 12 vIM zatAbdI ke prArambha ke vidvAna the| kyoMki inhoMne apanA 'mahApurANa' zaka saM0 666 san 1047 ( vi0 saM0 1904) meM jyeSTha sudI paMcamI ke dina mUlagunda nAmaka nagara ke jaina mandira meM raha kara pUrA kiyA thA / yaha mUla gunda nagara dhAravADa jile kI gadaga tahasIla meM gadaga 1 jaina lekha saM0 bhAga cAra pR0 60 1 yaha kanakamena una ajitamenAcArya ke ziSya the jo gaMgavaMzIya nareza rAcamalla aura unake maMtrI evaM senApati - muNDa rAya ke guru the| gommaTamAra ke kartA AcArya nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI ne unakA 'bhuvanaguru' nAma se ullekha kiyA hai| 2 tasyAnujazcAru caritra vRttiH prakhyAta kIrtirbhuvi puNyamUrtiH / narendrasano jitavAdimenAM vijJAtatattvo jinakAmasUtraH // 3 nyAya vinizcaya prazasti zloka 2 / jaina grantha prazasti maM0 bhA0 150 2 4 'prAkRta makutobhaya kavitvadhRtA kavicakravartinA' 5 ' gAruDa maMtravAda sakalAgama lakSaraNa tarka vedinA / ' 6 " bhASAdvaya kavitAyAM kavayo darpa vahanti tAvadiha / nA lokayanti yAvatkavizekhara malliSeNa munim // " bhairava padmAvatI kalpa 7 tIrtha zrI mUlagunda nAmni nagare zrI jainadharmAlaye sthitvA zrI kavicakravartiyatipaH zrI malliSeraNAhvayaH / saMkSepAtprathamAnuyoga kathanaM vyAkhyAnvitaM zRNvato / bhavyAnAM duritApahaM racitavAnniHzeSa vidyAmbudhiH // 1 varSaka gitAhIne sahasra zaka bhUbhujaH / sarva jidvatsare jyeSThe sazukle paMcamI dine // 2 // - nAgakumAra caritra pra0 - mahApurANa prazasti - mahApurANa prazasti 4

Page #331
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 297 se 12 mIla dakSiNa-pazcima kI ora hai| yahAM ke jaina mandira meM rahate hue inhoMne mahApurANa kI racanA kI thii| usakA kavi ne tIrtharUpa meM ullekha kiyA hai| isa samaya bhI vahAM cAra jaina mandira haiN| ina mandiroM meM zaka saM0 824, 825, 675, 1167, 1275 aura 1567 ke zilAlekha aMkita haiN| mUlaguNDa ke eka zilAlekha meM prAcArya dvArA senavaMza ke kanakasena muniko nagara ke vyApAriyoM kI sammati se eka hajAra pAna ke vRkSoM kA eka kheta mandiroM kI sevArtha dene kA ullekha hai / eka mandira ke pIche pahAr3I caTTAna para 25 phuTa U~cI eka jaina mUrti utkIrNa kI huI hai / saMbhava hai malliSeNa maTha bhI isI sthAna para rahA ho| mallipeNa ke eka ziSya indrasena kA samaya san 1064 hai / malliSeNa kA samaya usase eka pIr3hI pUrva hai __ ApakI nimnalikhita chaha racanAeM upalabdha haiM, jinakA paricaya nimna prakAra haiM-mahApurANa, nAgakumAra, kAvya, bhairava padmAvatI kalpa, sarasvatI maMtra kalpa, jvAlinI kalpa aura kAma caNDAlI klp| 1. mahApurANa-yaha saMskRta ke do hajAra zlokoM kA grantha hai| isameM tresaTha zalAkA puruSoM ko saMkSipta kathA dI hai / racanA sundara aura prasAdaguNa se yukta hai| isa grantha kI eka prati kanar3I lipi meM kolhApura ke lakSmIsena bhaTaTAraka ke maTha meM maujada hai| yaha grantha abhI aprakAzita hai| 2. nAgakumAra kAvya-yaha pAMca sau kA choTA-sA khaNDa kAvya hai, jo 507 zlokoM meM pUrNa hayA hai| isake prArambha meM likhA hai, ki jayadevAdi kaviyoM ne jo gadya-padyamaya kathA likhI hai, vaha mandabuddhiyoM ke liye viSama hai / maiM malliSeNa vidvajjanoM ke mana ko haraNa karane vAlI usI kathA ko prasiddha saMskRta vAkyoM meM padyabaddha racanA karatA hUM'5 / yaha kAvya bahuta hI sarala aura sundara hai / 3.bhairavapadmAvatI kalpa-yaha cAra sau zlokoM kA maMtra zAstra kA prasiddha grantha hai isameM daza adhikAra haiN| yaha baMdhUpeNa kI saMskRta TIkA ke sAtha prakAzita ho cukA hai| 4. sarasvatI palpa-yaha maMtra zAstra kA choTA-sA grantha hai| isake padyoM kI saMkhyA 75 hai yaha bhairava padmAvatI kalpa ke sAtha prakAzita ho cukA hai| 5. jvAlAmAlinI kalpa-isakI saM0 1562 kI likhI huI eka 14 patrAtmaka prati sva0 seTa mANikacandra jI ke grantha bhaNDAra meM maujUda hai| kAmacaNDAlI kalpa- isakI prati se0pa0 di. jaina sarasvatI bhavana byAvara meM maujada hai| 7. sajjana cittavallabha-nAma kA eka 25 padyAtmaka saMskRta grantha hai, jo hindI padyAnuvAda aura hindI TIkA ke sAtha prakAzita ho cukA hai, vaha inhIM mallipeNa kI racanA hai yA anya kI hai| yaha vicAraNIya hai| zrI kumAra kavi zrI kumAra kavi ne apanA koI paricaya nahIM diyaa| aura na apane guru kA hI nAmollekha kiyA hai| kavi kI eka mAtra kRti 'pAtma prabodha' hai / jo apane viSaya kA mahatvapUrNa grantha hai / aura jise kavi ne apane prAtmaprabodhanArtha racA hai, jaisA ki graMtha ke antima vAkyoM se prakaTa hai : "zrImatkumAra kavinAtmavibodhanArthamAtmaprabodha iti zAstramidaM vyadhAyi" 1 dekho, bambaI prAnta ke prAcIna jaina smAraka pR0 120 2 dekho, jana zilAlekha saM0 bhAga 2 pR0 156 3 dekho, bambaI prAnta ke prAcIna jaina smAraka pR0 120 4 "aMtu mADisI zrImaddamilasaMghavana vasaMta samayahaM senagaNa, magaNaM nAyakarUM mAlanUrAnvaya zirazekharamenisida zrImana malliSeNa bhaTTArakara priyAgraziSyarUM tannanvayada gurugalu menisida zrI madIndrasena bhaTTArakarga-vinayardikara kamalalaMgalaM mugidu / -dekho.san 1064 kAlekha

Page #332
268 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 kavi ne likhA hai ki yaha merI prathama racanA hai jaisAki 'Atma prabodhamadhunA prathamaM karomi' vAkyoM se spaSTa hai| - zrI kumAra nAmake do vidvAnoM kA ullekha milatA hai / eka zrIkumAra ve haiM jinakA ullekha nayanandi (1100)ne sakala vidhi vidhAna kAvya ke nimna vAkyoM meM kiyA hai-"zrIkUmAra sarasai kUmaru, kitti vilAsiNi sehru|" aura jinheM sarasvatI kumAra bhI kahate the / dUsare zrI kumAra kavi ve haiM, jo kavi hasti malla (14 vIM sadI) ke cAra jyeSTha bhrAtAoM meM se eka the| inameM nayanandi ke samakAlIna zrI kumAra prAtmaprabodhake kartA jAna par3ate haiN| isa graMthakI do hastalikhita pratiyAM 16 vIM zatAbdI kI upalabdha haiN| saM01572 kI likhI haI eka prati 14 patrAtmaka jana mandira lazkara jayapuraka bhaDAra meM aura dUsarA kAmA meM dovAna jI ke mandira ke bhaDAra meM saM0 1547 kI likhI huI upalabdha hai| prantha paricaya prastuta graMthameM saMskRta ke 146 zloka haiN| graMtha kA viSaya usake nAma se spaSTa hai| kavi ne AtmA kA svarUpa batalAte hue kahA hai ki saMsAra ke prAyaH sabhI jIva Atmavimukha haiM, AtmajJa puruSa to virale hote haiN| jinheM kA bAMdha nahIM hai unheM dUsaroM ko prAtmabodha karAne kA adhikAra nahIM hai, jinama tarakara nadI ko pAra karane kI kSamatA nahIM hai, vaha dUsaroM ko tarane kA upadeza kaise de sakatA hai ? usakA upadeza to vaMcaka hI samajhA jaavegaa| prAtmaprabodha virahAdavizuddhabuddheranyaprabodhanavidhi pratiko'dhikAraH / sAmarthyamasti taritaM sarito na yasya, tasya pratAraNaparA prtaarnnoktiH||4 yadi dUsaroM ko pratibodhana karane kI icchA hai, to pahale svayaM apanI AtmA ko prabuddha kr| kyoMki cAkSaSa manuSya hI andhe ko surakSita mArga meM le jA sakatA hai, andhe ko andhA nhiiN| kavi yaha bhI kahatA hai ki jinakA mAnasa mithyAtva se maDha hai, jo moha nidrA meM sadA supta haiM, unake liye bhI merA yaha zrama nahIM hai; kinta jinakI moha nidrA zIghra naSTa hone vAlI hai vahI prAtmaprabodha ke adhikArI haiN| unhIM ke liye yaha grantha racA jAtA hai / yathA mithyAtva mUDha manasaH satataM suSaptA, ye jaMtavo jagati tAnprati na zra mo naH / yeSAM yiyAsu racirAdiva mohanidrA, te yogyatAM dadhati nizcitamAtmabodhe // 6 jisake rahate hae zarIra padArthoM ke grahaNa karane dAna dene, Ane-jAne sunane-sunAne, smaraNa karane duHkhAdi ke anubhava karane meM pravRtta hotA hai, vahI prAtmA hai, AtmA cetana hai, jJAtA dRSTA hai, aura sparzanAdi indriyoM ke agocara hai kyoMki vaha atIndriya hai ataeva unase prAtmA kA jJAna nahIM hotaa| prAtmA nitya hai, avinAzI guNoM kA piNDa hai, pariNamanazIla hai vidvAna logoM dvArA jAnA mora anubhava kiyA jAtA hai, jJAna darzana svarUpa upayogamaya hai, zarIra pramANa hai, svapara kA jJAtA hai, kartA hai, kama phala kA bhoktA mora anaMta sukhoM kA bhaMDAra hai / usa AtmA ko siddha karane vAle tIna pramANa haiN| pratyakSa pAgama aura manumAna / prAtmA indriya pratyakSa kA viSaya nahIM hai| kyoMki vaha pratIndriya hai hAM sakala pratyakSa dvArA prAtmA jAnA jA sakatA hai| yA prApta vacana rUpa prAgama se, aura anumAna se jAnA jAtA hai| zarIra meM jaba taka pAtmA rahatI hai zarIra usa samaya taka kAma karatA hai heyopAdeya kAryoM meM pravRtta hotA hai, sukha duHkhAdi kI anubhUti karatA hai, kintu jaba zarIra se prAtmA nikala jAtA hai taba vaha nizceSTa par3A raha jAtA hai| ata: yaha anumAna zAna bhI usake jAnane meM sAdhaka hai| bhagavAna jinendra ne AtmA ko jJAtA dRSTA batalAyA hai| prAtmA ke caitanya svarUpa ko chor3akara anya cetana pracetana padArtha prAtmA ke nahIM hai ve saba prAtmA me bhinna haiN| 1 dekho, rAjasthAna jaina gratha bhaMDAra sUcI bhAga 5 pR0 183 2 nityo niratyayaguNaH pariNAmadhAma, buddho budha gvbodhmyopyogH| ___ AtmA vapuH pramitirAtma parapramAtA kartA svato'nubhavitA'ya manaMtasaukhyaH // 6 3 tredhA pramANa miha sAdhakamasti yasmAt pratyakSa mAptavacanaM ca tathAnamAnaM // 13

Page #333
266 gyArahavIM aura bArahavI zatAbdI ke vidvAna AcArya vidyA ke do prakAra hai avidyA aura adhyAtma vidyA avidyA saMsAra kA kAraNa hai, du.khotpAdikA hai, mithyAdarzana ajJAna aura asaMyama se yukta hai| rAga-dveSa, IrSA, grahakAra mamakAra sukha dukha prAdi usI avidyA kA parivAra hai| avidyA heya hai aura vidyA upAdeya hai / jo vidyA samyagdarzana, jJAna cAritra me bhUpita hai vaha adhyAtma vidyA hai| usake do prakAra haiM, svAdhyAya ora dhyAna / apane AtmasvarUpa kA cintavana karanA athavA grAtma sambandhi jJAna kA nAma svAdhyAya hai / tathA indriya vyApAra se rahita hokara kevala mana se AtmA ke svarUpa kA cintavana karanA adhyAtma vidyA hai / svAdhyAya - mokSamArga meM upayukta zrAgamajJAna kA abhyAsa karanA aura Agama meM vihita prAtma svarUpa kA bAra-bAra cinnavana karanA svAdhyAya hai| isase AtmA viziSTa jJAnI hotA hai, aura usakI dRSTi jaina vacana meM hI ramatI hai, kyoMki ve vacana vItarAga sarvajJa rUpa himAcala se vinirgata hai, karma kSaya meM kAraNa haiN| ataeva jo sAdhu vidhipUrvaka AgamakA abhyAsI hai usake mana-vacana-kAya rUpa gupti trayakA pAlana hotA hai, mAyA mithyA nidAna rUpa zalyatraya kA vinAza hotA hai, aura samitiyoM kA bhane prakAra pAlana hotA hai / svAdhyAya me grAtma-bodha hotA hai / aura usI se jagatraya kA bodha karAne vAle kevala jJAna kI prApti hotI hai / jaba sAdhu kA mana svAdhyAya se thaka jAtA hai, aura AgamAbhyAsa meM mana nahIM ramatA taba use grAtma dhyAna meM pravRtta honA cAhiye / ekAgra cintA nirodha kA nAma dhyAna haiN| dhyAna karma nirjarA kA kAraNa hai / usame Atmazakti meM skRti utpanna hotI hai| jaba AtmA antarbAhya jalpoM se rahita hokara vastu svarUpa ke cintana meM niSTha hotA hai, taba vaha apane svakIya vaibhava kA prApta karatA hai, usameM upasarga bhAra pariyahA~ ke sahane kI sAmarthya athavA jAgrati hotI hai / kapAyoM kI kalpatA vinaSTa ho jAtI hai ve kSINa zakti ho jAtI hai unakA rasa zuSka ho jAtA hai / aura ve apane kArya karane meM asamartha ho jAtI hai / Atma pariNati nirmala hotI hai, Antarika vizuddhi bar3hatI hai| dhyAna aura samAdhi meM Atma-zakti kA sacaya hotA hai, aura vaha karma ke saMkSaya meM kAraNa hotI hai / ataeva jo sAdhu zrArtarAdrAdi kudhyAnoM kA parityAga kara dharma ra zukla dhyAna kA prAcaraNa karatA hai| usa samaya usakA dharma dhyAna hI zukla dhyAna rUpa pariNamana karane lagatA hai / aura AtmA apane ananta guNoM ke teja se karmoM ke sudRr3ha bandhanoM ko tar3Atar3a tor3atA huA svAtmopalabdhi kA pAtra bana jAtA hai / isa taraha yaha graMtha adhyAtma viSaya kA mahatvapUrNa hai / samaya aura na apane guru kA nAmollekha hI kiyA hai| ataeva Upara zrIkumAra nAma ke do vidvAnoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA kartA haiM, kyoMki sa0 1300 meM samApta hone vAlI anagAra TIkA karate hue nimna padya uddhRta kiyA gayA hai, jo Atma kavi zrIkumAra ne grantha meM racanA kAla nahIM diyaa| yaha nizcaya karanA bar3A kaThina hai ki ve kaba hue haiN| hai / unameM se prathama zrIkumAra kavi hI isa grantha ke dharmAmRta kI TIkA ke have adhyAya ke 43vaM zloka kI prabodha meM 51 nambara para pAyA jAtA hai: manobodhAdhInaM vinaya viniyuktaM nijavapu-vaMca: pAThAyattaM karaNagaNa mAdhAya niyatam / dadhAnaH svAdhyAyaM kRta pariNati jaina vacane, karotyAtmA karmakSayamati samAdhyantaramidaM // 51 // isameM batalAyA hai ki - jisa svAdhyAya meM mana jJAna ke grahaNa-dhAraNa meM lIna rahatA hai, zarIra vinaya saMyukta rahatA hai, vacana pATha ke uccAraNa meM lagA rahatA hai, aura indriya samUha niyaMtrita rahatA hai isa prakAra sArI pariNati jisameM jinavANI kI ora rahatI hai aise svAdhyAya ko dhAraNa karane vAlA nizcaya hI karmo kA kSaya karatA hai, ataeva svAdhyAya bhI samAdhi kA rUpAntara hai / isase spaSTa hai ki zrIkumAra kavi sa0 1300 se pUrvavartI haiM, ve vAda ke vidvAna nahIM ho sakate / zrara nayanandi kA samaya saM0 1100 hai, unhoMne apane samakAlIna vidvAnoM meM zrI kumAra kavi kA ullekha karate hue unheM sarasvatI kumAra : bhI batalAyA hai| ataH zrI kumAra 11vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna haiN| ve usa samaya sarasvatI kumAra

Page #334
300 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 nAma se khyAta the| yaha unakI prathama racanA hai| unakI anya racanAoM kA anveSaNa honA Avazyaka hai / aGkadeva bhaTTAraka prakadeva bhaTTAraka-devagaNa aura pASANAnvaya ke vidvAn the / inake ziSya mahIdeva bhaTTAraka the / ina mahIdeva ke gRhastha ziSya mahendra volaluka ne melasa caTTAna para 'niravadya jinAlaya' banavAyA thA, aura san 1060 IsvI ke lagabhaga khacara kandarpasena mArakI kRpA ko prApta kara niravadya ko 'mAnya' prApta hayA thaa| jise usane jakki mAnya kA nAma dekara ukta jinAlaya ko de diyA / aura eDe male hajAra ne apane dhAnya ke khetoM kI phasala meM se kucha dhAnya yA cAvala ukta jinAlaya ko hamezA ke lie diyaa| aura bhI jina logoM ne dAna diyA unake nAma bhI lekha meM die gaye haiN| isase aMkadeva kA samaya IsA kI 11 vIM sadI hai| jaina lekha saM0 bhA02 pu0163 / guNakIrti siddhAnta deva guNakIti siddhAntadeva anantavIrya ke ziSya the| yaha yApanIya saMgha aura sUrastha gaNa aura citrakUTa anvaya ke vidvAna the| inakA samaya IsA kI 11vIM zatAbdI hai| -(jainijma ina sAutha iMDiyA pR0 105) devakoti paNDita paNDita deva kIrti bhI anantavIrya ke ziSya the| yaha bhI yApanIya saMgha sUrasthagaNa aura citrakUTa anvaya ke vidvAn the / inakA samaya bhI IsA kI 11vIM zatAbdI hai / saMbhavataH ye donoM sadharmA hoN| - (jainijma ina sAutha iMDiyA pR0 105) govarddhana deva govarddhana deva yApanIya saMgha kumudagaNa ke jyeSTha dharmaguru the / inhIM govarddhana deva ko samyaktvaratnAkara caityAlaya ke lie diye gae dAna kA ullekha hai| govarddhana ke sAtha hI anantavIrya kA ullekha hai / para yaha spaSTa nahIM hai ki inakA govarddhana ke sAtha kyA sambandha thaa| -jainijma ina sAutha iMDiyA pR0142 dAmanandi dAmanandi kumAra kIti ke ziSya the| ye dAmanandi ve ho sakate haiM jinakA ullekha jaina zilAlekha saMgraha bhAga 110 55 meM caturmakhadeva ke ziSyoM meM hai| dhArAdhipati bhojarAja kI sabhA ke ratna prAcArya prabhAcandra ke ye sadharmA the aura inhoMne mahAvAdi viSNubhaTTa ko harAyA thA / yaha dAmanandI prabhAcandrAcArya ke sadharmA gurubhAI jAna par3ate haiN| dhArAdhipa bhoja kA rAjyakAla san 1018 se 1053 mAnA jAtA hai| jabaki dAmanandi kA san 1045 ke zilAlekha meM ullekha hai| isa kAraNa ve bhoja ke rAjyakAla meM rahane vAle prabhAcandra ke sadharmA dAmanandi se abhinna ho sakate haiN| ata: dAmanandi ke garu kumArakIti ke sahAdhyApaka ananta vIrya kI sthiti san 1045 taka pahuMca jAtI hai / saMbhavataH yaha dAmanandI bhaTTavosari ke guru hoN| dAmanandi bhaTTAraka dAmanandi dezIgaNa pUstaka gaccha ke vidvAna zrIdharadeva ke praziSya aura elAcArya ke ziSya the| cikaka hanasoge kA yaha kannar3a lekha yadyapi kAla nirdeza se rahita hai| saMbhavataH yaha lekha san 1100 IsvI kA hai| jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 2 pR0 358 lekha naM0 241 /

Page #335
pArahavIM aura bArahavI zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 301 dAmanandI panasoge nivAsI muniyoM meM mani ke ziSya dAmanandi the / yaha lekha zaka saM0 1021 sana 1066 kA hai, inake ziSya zrIdharAcArya the| inakA samaya ImA ko 11vI sadI hai| --jaina lekha sa0 bhA02 10356 bhUpAla kavi kavi ne apane nAmollekha ke sivAya apanA koI paricaya prastuta kavi bhUpAla nahI kiyaa| aura na unhoMne yahI sUcita kiyA ki yaha jina caturvizatikA' stotra kahA~ aura kaba banAyA hai ? prastuta stotra meM 26 padya hai| jinameM jina darzana kI mahattA khyApita karate hue jina pratimAdarzana ko laukika aura pAralaukika abhyudayoM kA kAraNa batalAyA hai : zrI lIlA yatanaM mahIkulagRhaM kIti pramodAspadaM, vAgdevI rati ketanaM jayaramA krIDAnidhAnaM mahata / sa syAtsarva mahotsavaika bhavanaM yaH prAthitArtha pradaM, prAtaH pazyati kalpapAdapadalacchAyaM jinAMghridvayam / / 1 / / jo manuSya pratidina prAtaHkAla ke samaya jinendra bhagavAna ke darzana karatA hai, vaha bahuta hI sampattizAlI hotA hai / pRthvI usake vaza meM rahatI hai, usakI kIrti saba ora phaila jAtI hai, vaha sadA prasanna rahatA hai| use aneka vidyAe~ prApta ho jAtI haiM, yuddha meM usako vijaya hotI hai, adhika kyA use saba utsava prApta hote haiN| svAminnadya vinirgato'smi jananI garbhAndha kapodarA-- dadyodghATita dRSTi razmi phalavajjanmAsmi cAdya sphuTam / tbamadrAkSamahaM yadakSayapadAnandAya lokatrayI nennendIvarakAnanendu mamatasyandi prabhAcandrikam // 3 he bhagavan ! Aja Apake darzana karane se maiM kRtArtha ho gayA aura maiM aisA samajhatA hUM ki Aja hI mere prAdhyAtmika jIvana kA prArambha ho rahA hai| mere jJAna netra khula gae hai aura meM yaha anubhava kara rahA hUM ki viSaya kaSAya aura ajJAna ke kAraNa aba taka merI zakti kuThita ho rahI thii| mithyAtva ne merI jJAna dRSTi ko avaruddha kara diyA thaa| para Aja merA janma saphala huA hai| jo vyakti maMgalamaya vastu kA darzana karanA cAhatA hai usake liye jinadarzana se bar3hakara anya koI mAMgalika vastu nahI ho sktii| prAtaHkAla maMgalamaya vastu kA avalokana karane se mana prasanna rahatA hai, aura usameM kArya karane ko kSamatA bar3hatI hai / kyoMki deva darzana samasta pApoM kA nAza karane vAlA, svarga sUkha ko dene vAlA aura mokSa sukha kI prApti meM sahAyaka hai| dhyAnastha vItarAgI kI pratimA ke avalokana mAtrase kAma krodhAdi vikAra aura hiMsAdi pApa naSTa ho jAte haiM, aura prAtmotthAna kI preraNA milatI hai| jisa prakAra sachidra hAtha meM rakkhA gayA jala zanaiH zanaiH hAtha me gira jAtA hai, usI prakAra vItarAga prabhu ke darzana mAtra se rAga-dveSa-moha kI pariNati kSINa hone lagatI hai| prAcArya pUjyapAdane sarvArthasiddhi meM samyaktva kI utpatti ke bAhya sAdhanoM meM jina pratimAdarzana kI gaNanA kI hai / bhUpAla kavi ne vItarAga ke mukha ko tralokya magalAnaketana batalAyA hai| isa stavana para sabase purAnI TIkA paM0 AzAdhara kI hai jise unhoMne sAgaracanda ke ziSya vinaya candra muni 1 darzana devadevasya darzanaM pApanAzanam / darzana svargasopAna darzana mokSa sAdhanam / / darzanena jinendrANAM sAdhUnAM vandanena ca / na ciraM tiSThate pApa chidrahaste yathodakam / / darzana pATha 2 sarvArtha siddhi 1-7, pR0 12 zolApura eDIsana 3 anyena ki tadiha nAtha tavaiva vaktraM trailokya maGgalaniketanamIkSaNIyam // 16 -jina caturvizatikA

Page #336
302 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 ke anurodha se banAyA thaa|' TIkA sundara hai aura padyoM ke artha ko prakaTa karane vAlI hai / bha. zrIcandra aura nAgacandra mUri ko bhI isa para TIkA batalAI jAtI hai / para ve itanI vizada nahI haiM, kevala zabdArtha prakaTa karane vAlI hai| pa0 prAzAdhara jI kI isa TIkA meM spaSTa hai ki bhUpAla kavi ko yaha racanA unase pUrva ho cukA thaa| caturvizati kA dUsarA padya prAcArya guNabhadra ke uttarapurANa ke puSpadanta caritra meM diye hue padya ke sAtha bahata sAmya rakhatA hai usame aisA pratIta hotA hai ki bhUpAla kavi ne use uttara purANa se liyA ho| donoM ke padya nIce diye jAte hai : zAntaM vapuH zravaraNahArivacazcaritraM sarvopakAri taba deva tato bhavantam / saMsAramAravamahAsthala rundrasAndra cchAyAmahIruhamime suvidhi zrayAmaH // 61 uttara pu0 55 pR070 zAntaM vapuH zravaNahArivacazcaritra sarvopakAri tava deva tataH zru tjnyaaH| sasAramAravamahAsthala rundrasAndracchAyAmahIruha bhavantamupAzrayante / / -jina caturvizati kA 2 isa padya meM dvitIya aura caturtha caraNa badale hue haiN| vAkI padya jyoM kA tyoM milatA hai isase spaSTa hai ki bhapAla kavi ke sAmane uttara purANa rahA hai| sulocanA caritra ke kartA kavi devamena ne apane se pUrvavartI ka ullekha karate hue puppadanta ke nAmollekha ke sAtha bhUpAla kA bhI nAma diyA hai| pupphayaMta bhUpAla-pahANahi / isase yaha jJAta hotA hai ki bhUpAla kavi : voM zatAbdI ke vAda aura 13 vI zatAbdI se pUrva hue hai / sambhava hai kavi 11 vI yA 12 vI zatAbdI ke pUvAdhaM ke vidvAna ho / ima sambandha meM aura vizeSa anusandhAna kI AvazyakatA hai| dAmarAja kavi dAmarAja sArvabhauma tribhavanamalla nareza (rAjyakAla I0 san 1076 me 1126) kA gaMgaperamAnaDIdeva nAmaka sAmannarAjA thaa| aura umakA nokkaya heggaDe nAma kA mantrI thaa| paha ne yaha kavi isI mantrI kA prAthita thaa| paraMta zivamogga tahasIla meM jo dazavAM zilAlekha hai, usameM isane apane ko 'sandhi vaigrahika' mantrI likhA hai| isase mAlama hotA hai ki pILa me isane ukta pada prApta kara liyA hogaa| gagaperamAnaDI deva ne bahata me jina mandiroM ko grAmAdi dAna kiye the, aura unake zAsana kavi dAmarAja me likhavAye the| ukta zAsana lekhoM ke padyoM se yaha bAta niHsaMkoca kahI jA sakatI hai ki vaha ucca zreNI kA kavi thaa| yaha jJAta nahIM humA ki isane kisI svatantra grantha kI racanA kI hai yA nhiiN| isakA samaya san 10.5 ke lagabhaga jAna par3atA hai| kanti kanti-yaha strI kavi thii| isakI kavitA bahuta hI manohAriNI honI thii| devacanda kavi ke eka lekha se mAlUma hotA hai ki yaha chanda, alakAra, kAvya, koza vyAkaraNAdi nAnA granthoM meM kuzala thI bAhUbala nAmaka kavi ne apane nAgakamAra carita ke eka padya meM isakI bahuta prazamA kI hai aura ise 'abhinava vAgdevo' vizepaNa diyA hai| dvAra samadra ke ballAla rAjA vipNa vardhana kI sabhA meM abhinavapapa aura kanti se vivAda humA thaa| abhinavapapa ko dI huI samasyA kI thii| abhinavApa cAhatA thA ki kanni merI prazasA kare-usako kI huI prazasA ko vaha apane gorava kA kAraNa samajhatA thaa| parantu vaha papa kI pragasA nahI karatI thii| kahA jAtA hai ki anta meM kanti ne papa ko kavitA kI prazaMsA karake use santuSTa kara diyA thaa| 1 'upazamaiva mUrti pUnakIni ma tammAna jayati vinayacandraH saccakoreka candraH / jagadamRtamagarbhA: zAstra mandarbha garbhAH zuci carita mahipNIryasya dhinvanti vAcaH / " -jina caturvizati kA TIkA prazasti

Page #337
tArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 303 prAcArya zubhacaMdra zubhacandra nAmaka ke aneka vidvAn ho gae hai / prastuta zubhacandra ne apanI koI guru paramparA nahI dI, aura na grantha kA racanAkAla hI diyA hai| grantha meM samantabhadra, devanandI (pUjyapAda) akalaMkadeva ora jinasenAcAya kA smaraNa kiyA hai| jinamena kI stuti karate hue unake vacanoM ko vidya vandita' batalAyA hai|' vidya eka upAdhi hai jo siddhAnta cakravartI ke samAna siddhAnta zAstra ke jJAtA vidvAnoM ko dI jAtI thii| siddhAnta (pAgama) vyAkaraNa aura nyAya zAstra ke jJAtA vidvAnoM ko vidya upAdhi me vibhUpita kiyA jAtA rahA hai| zabhacandra ne jinasena ke bAda anya kisI bAda ke vidvAna kA smaraNa nahI kiyA / grantha meM grAdipurANa kA padya bhI diyA haA hai| kavi ne grantha racanA kA prayojana spaSTa karate hue likhA hai ki saMsAra meM janma grahaNa karane se utpanna hae dunivAra klezoM ke santApa se pIr3ita maiM apanI AtmA ko yogIzvaroM se sevita dhyAnarUpI mArga meM jor3atA huuN| kavi ne apanA prayojana saMsAra ke dukhoM ko dUra karanA batalAyA hai : bhavaprabhavadara klezasantApa pIr3itam / yojayAmyahamAtmAnaM pathiyogIndrasevite / / 18 / / kavine likhA hai ki yaha grantha maiMne kavitA ke abhimAna yA jagata meM kIti vistAra kI icchA se nahI banAyA kintu apane jJAna kI vRddhi ke lie banAyA hai : -- na kavitvAbhimAnena na kIti prsrecchyaa| kRtiH kintu madIyeyaM svA bodhAyeva kevalam // 16 // jJAnArNava meM 42 prakaraNa hai, jinameM 12 bhAvanA, paca mahAvrata aura dhyAnAdi kA vistata kathana kiyA gayA hai| madrita grantha bahata kucha prazaddha chapA hai| grantha meM racanAkAla na hone se grantha ke racanAkAla ke sambandha meM anya sAdhanoM se vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| prAcArya zubhacandra ke isa grantha para pUjyapAda ke samAdhitantra aura iSTopadeza kA prabhAva hai| unake aneka padya jyoM-ke-tyoM rUpa meM aura kucha parivartita rUpa meM pAye jAte haiN| grantha apane viSaya kA sambaddha aura vastu tattva kA vivecaka hai| svAdhyAya premiyoM ke liye upayogI hai| isapara prAcArya amRtacandra amita gati prathama aura tattvAnuzAsana tathA jinasena ke Adi purANa kA prabhAva parilakSita hai| jaisA ki nimna vicAraNA se spaSTa hai :vicAraNA jJAnArNava ke 16veM prakaraNa ke chaThave padya ke bAda ukta ca rUpa se nimna padya pAyA jAtA hai : mithyAtvavedarAgAdoSAdayo'pi SaT caiva / catvArazcakaSAyAzcaturdazAbhyantarA granthAH // yaha padya prAcArya amatacandra ke puruSArtha siddhacupAya kA 116vAM padya hai| isase spaSTa hai ki zubhacandra amatacandra ke bAda hue hai / amRtacandra kA samaya dazavI zatAbdI hai| jJAnArNava mudrita prati ke pRSTha 431veM pAcava padya ke nIce eka prAryA nimna prakAra diyA hai-vaha mala meM zAmila ho gayA hai| kintu usapara mUla ke krama kA nambara nahIM hai / parantu saM0 1666 kA hasta likhita prati ka patra 86 para ise 'ukta ca' vAkya ke sAtha diyA huA hai| 1 jayanti jinasenasya vAcAstravidyavanditA.' yogibhiryatsagAsAdya savalitaM nAtma nizcaye // 16 2 ukta ca-akArAdi hakArAntaM rephamadhyaM sbindukm| tadeva paramaM tattvaM yo jAnAti sa tattva vit // Avi pugaNa 21-239

Page #338
304 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 zuci guNayogAcchuddhaM kaSAyarajaH kssyaadupshmaaddhaa| veDaryamaNi zikhAiva sunimamaM niSprakampaM ca // yaha padya rAmasena ke tattvAnuzAsana meM nimna rUpa meM upalabdha hotA hai zuci guNa yogAcchuklaM kaSAyarajaH kSayAnupazamAdvA // mANikya zikhA-vadidaM sanirmalaM niSprakampaMca // 222 isa padya meM koI artha bheda nahI hai, thor3A sA zabda bheda avazya hai| tatvAnuzAsana ke 48va padya kA pUrvArdha bhI jJAnArNava ke 26vaM prakaraNa ke 26veM zloka ke pUrvArdha se jyoM ke tyoM rUpa meM milatA hai yathA "dhyAtArastrividhA jJeyAsteSAM dhyAnAnyapi vidhA" jJAnA0 "dhyAtArastrividhAstasmAtteSAM dhyAnAnyapi tridhA" / tattvAnu rAmasena kA samaya mukhtAra zrI jugala kizora jI ne 10 vIM zatAbdI kA caturthacaraNa nizcita kiyA hai| ata: zubhacandra unake bAda ke vidvAna haiN| yogasAra ke kartA pramita gati prathama. jo prAcArya nemipeNa ke ziSya the| unake yogasAra ke nI veM adhikAra kA eka padya jJAnArNava ke 36 veM prakaraNa ke 43 veM padya ke bAda ukta ca rUpa se pAyA jAtA hai : yena yena hi bhAvena yajyate yaMtravAhakaH / tentanmayatAM yAti vizvarUpo maNiryathA // 36 jJAnArNava yena ye naiva bhAvena yujyate yaMtravAhakaH / tanmayastatra tatrApi vizvaspo maNiryathA / yogasAra 6-51 amitagati prathama ke yogasAra kA yaha pana hemacandra ke yoga zAstra meM bhI jyoM ke tyoM rUpa meM pAyA jAtA hai| yaha jJAnArNava meM uktaM ca rUpa meM diyA hai| kintu yoga zAstra meM vaha mUla meM zAmila kara liyA gayA hai| isI taraha jJAnArNava kA yaha padya-so'yaM samarasI bhAvastadekI karaNaM mtN| prAtmA yadapRthakvena lIyate paramAtmani // yoga zAstra meM pAyA jAtA hai / isakA pUrvArdha-tattvA nuzAsana137 meM pAyA jAtA hai / cUki jJAnArNava kA mUla padya hai, vaha tattvAnuzAsana ke sAhityika anusaraNa evaM prabhAva se parilakSita hai| amitagati dvitIya ne apanA subhASitaratna sandoha vi0 saM0 1050 aura saMskRta paMca saMgraha 1073 meM banAkara samApta kiyA hai| inase do pIr3hI pUrva amitagati prathama hae hai, jinakA samaya 11 vIM zatAbdI kA prathama caraNa haiN| isase spaSTa hai ki jJAnArNava ke kartA zubhacandra kA samaya saM0 1125 se 1130 ke madhyavartI hai| prarthAta ve vikrama kI 12 vIM zatAbdI ke prathama caraNa aura IsA kI 11 vIM zatAbdI ke antima caraNa ke vidvAna the| niyamasAra kI padmapramabhaladhArI deva kI vatti meM paSTha 72 para jJAnArNava ke 42 veM prakaraNa kA cauthA padya uddhata hai, jo zukladhyAna ke svarUpa kA nirdezaka hai : niSkriya karaNAtItaM dhyAnadhAraNajitam / antarmukhaM ca yaccitta tacchukla miti paThyate // 4 padma prabhamaladhAri deva kA svargavAsa zaka saM0 1107 san 1185 ke 24 pharavarI somavAra ke dina huA hai| niyamasAra kI vatti usase pUrva bana cakI thii| niyamasAra kI yaha vRtti san 1985 se pUrva banI hai yadi usakA samaya zaka saM0 1100 mAna liyA jAya to san 1978 meM jJAnArNava unake sAmane thaa| jJAnArNava kI racanA ke bAda kama se kama 15-20 varSa usake pracAra-prasAra meM bhI lage haiN| aisI sthiti meM zubhacandra ke samaya kI uttarAvadhi padyaprabha maladhAri deva kA samaya hai| yadyapi 13 vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna paM0 pAzAdhara jI ne saM0 1285 se pUrva nirmita iSTopadeza kI TIkA meM jJAnArNava ke padya uktaM ca rUpa se uddhata kiye haiN| aura mUlArAdhanA (bhagavatI prA0 kI TIkA) meM gAthA 1857 kI TIkA meM 42 veM prakaraNa ke 43 va padya se lekara 51 taka ke padya 'uktaM ca jJAnArNava' visteraNa' vAkya ke sAtha uddhata

Page #339
305 gyArahavIM aura bArahavI zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya kiye haiM, isase itanA to spaSTa hai ki IsA ko 12vI aura vi0 ko 13vIM zatAbdI meM jJAnArNava kA khUba pracAra ho gayA thaa| hemacandrAcArya ne apanA yoga zAstra sa0 1207 meM banAyA hai| usase pUrva nhiiN| jaba ki jJAnArNava usase bahuta pahale bana cukA thaa| aisI sthiti meM yogazAstra ke padyo kA jJAnArNavakAra dvArA uddhata karane kA koI prazna hI utpanna nahIM hotaa| yadyapi donoM ke padyoM meM bahuta kucha sAmya hai, usa sAmyatA kA kAraNa hemacandra ke mAmane yoga vipayaka aneka grantha vana cake the| ve unake sAmane the jJAnArNava bhI unameM thaa| hemacandra ko unase avazya sAhAyya milA hai| jJAnArNava hemacaMdra ke sAmane rahA hai| jJAnArNava meM janetara granthoM meM yoga-viSayaka jo padya liye gaye haiN| saMbhava hai ve grantha hemacandra ko bhI prApta hA hoM, aura jJAnArNava ge hemacandra ne bhI sahayoga liyA ho to kyA prAzcarya? pATana ke bhaMDAra meM jJAnArNava kI eka prati maM0 1284 ko likhI haI prati maujada hai| jise jAhiNI prAyikA ne kisI zubhacandra yogI ko pradAna kI thii| vaha prati anya kisI prati meM pratilipi kI haI hai| kyoMki jJAnArNava usame pUrva banA hayA thaa| aura umame bahata pahale pracAra meM A gayA thaa| aigI sthiti meM uma prati ko grantha racanA ke Asa-pAma samaya kI prati nahIM kahA jA sktaa| aura na usa para se koI nirNaya hA kiyA jA sakatA hai| hemacandra ke granthoM para anya sAhityakAroM ke sAhitya kA spaSTa prabhAva parilakSita hai| isase iMkAra nahI kiyA jA sktaa| dArzanika granthoM meM pramANa mImAMsA ke nigraha sthAna ke nirUpaNa aura khaNDana ke mamUne prakaraNa meM aura anekAna meM diye grATa dopoM ke parihAra pramaMga meM prabhAcandra ke prameyakamalamArtaNDa kA gabdazaH anusaraNa kiyA gayA hai| pramANa mImAMsA ke prAyaH pratyeka prakaraNa para prameyaratnamAlA kI zabda racanA ne apanI spaSTa chApa lagAI hai| mI sthiti meM yaha kahanA kisI taraha bhI zakya nahI hai ki hemacandra ne jJAnArNava se kucha nahI liyaa| indrakIti kundakundAnvaya samaha mukhamaMDana dezIyagaNa ke vidvAna the| inakI aneka upAdhiyAM thIM-zrI madamahaccaraNa. sarasihabhaMga, koNDakUndAnvaya samUha mukhamaMDana, dezIyagaNa kumudavana, ko kalipurendra, trailokya malla, sadAsarasikalahasa, kavijanAcArya, paNDita mukhAmbumha caNDamAtaNDa sarvazAstrajJa, kavikumudarAja trailokya mallendra kItihari mUrti / ina vizeSaNoM se indra kAti kI mahattA kA spaSTa bodha hotA hai| gagarAjA duvinIta dvArA nirmApita mandira ko indra kIti ne kucha dAna diyA thaa| yaha zilAlekha kAgali jilA bellArI mamUra kA he jisakA samaya zaka maM0 677 san 1055 (vi0 saM0 1112) hai| (i0 50 55, 1626 pR074, i0 ma0 vellA0 166) kezavanandi balagAragaNa meghanandi bhaTTAraka ke ziSya the| usa samaya samasta bhuvanAzraya, zro pRthvI vallabha, mahArAjAdhirAja paramezvara, parama bhaTTAraka ora matyAzraya kula tilaka Adi aneka upAdhiyoM ke dhAraka tralAkyamalla ke pravarddhamAna rAjya meM vanavAmIpura meM mahAmaNDalezvara cAmuNDarAyarasa vanavAmI 12000 para zAmana kara rahA thA. taba balilagAve gajadhAnI meM zaka saM0 670 (san 1048) sarvadhArI sambatasara jyeSTha zuklA trayodazo AdityavAra ke dina prapTopavAsi bhaTTAraka ko vasadi meM pUjA karane ke liye, 'bheruNDa' daNDa (mApa) jiDDa liMge-sattara meM prApta dhAna (cAvala) ke kSetra kA dAna kezavanandi ko diyaa| - jaina lekha saM0bhA0 2 pR0 221 kulacandramuni mUlasaMghAnvaya krANUragaNa ke paramAnanda siddhAntadeva ke ziSya the| bhuvanaikamalla ke muputra ne jisa samaya unakA rAjya pravardhamAna thaa| ora jo baMkApura meM nivAsa karate the aura una pAdapadmopajIvI cAlakya permADe bhuvanaika vIra udayAditya zAsana kara rahe the| tava bhuvanaika malla ne zAnti nAtha mandira ke liye ukta kalacandra mani ko nAgara khaNDa meM bhUmidAna diyaa| cUMki yaha zilAlekha zaka sa0666 san 1074 (vi0 saM0 1131) kA hai| ataH ukta muni IsA ko 11vIM aura vikrama kI 12vIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArdha ke vidvAna haiN|' 1. jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 2 pR0 264-65 /

Page #340
306 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 kotivarmA yaha muni devacanda kA ziSya thaa| yaha deva canda saMbhavataH vaha haiM jo rAghavapANDavIya kAvya ke kartA zratakIti vidya deva ke sama sAmayika the (zrava0 lekha naM0 40) / yaha cAlukya vaMzIya (solaMkI) trailokya malla kA putra thA, isane sana 1044 se 1068 taka rAjya kiyA hai / isake cAra putra the, jayasiMha, viSNu varddhana, vijayAditya aura kiirtivrmaa| inakI mAtA kA nAma ketaladevI thA, jo jaina dharma niSThA thI, vaha jina bhakti se ota-prota thI. usane bhaktivaza saikaDoM jina mandira banavAe the| tathA jainadharma kI prabhAvanA ke aneka kArya kiye the| usake banavAe hae jina mandiroM ke khaNDahara aura unameM prApta zilAlekha usakA kAti kA smaraNa karAte haiN| kotavamoM ke se isa samaya kevala eka hI 'govaidya' nAma kA grantha prApta hai, jisameM pazuoM ke vividha rogoM aura unakI cikitsA kA varNana hai| isa grantha ke eka padya meM kavi ne apane pApako kIrticandra, varikariharikandarpamati, samyaktvaratnAkara, budhabhavya bAndhava, kavitAbdhicandra aura kIrtivilAsa Adi vizepaNoM se ullekhita kiyA hai 'vairirihari' vizeSaNa se jJAta hotA hai ki vaha eka vIra yoddhA thaa| muni padmasiMha unhoMne apanA koI paricaya nahIM diyaa| kintu apane grantha 'NANasAra' (jJAnasAra) ko antima gAthA meM batAyA hai ki apane mana ke pratibodhanArtha aura paramAtma svarUpa kI bhAvanA ke nimitta zrAvaNazuklA navamI vi0 saM01066 sana 1026 meM aMbaka nagara (aMbaDa nagara) meM grantha kI racanA kI hai| grantha kI gAthA saMkhyA 63 hai aura use 74 zloka parimANa batalAyA gayA hai / grantha meM dhyAna viSaya kA kitanA hI upayogI varNana hai| 36 vI gAthA meM batalAyA hai ki jisa prakAra pASANa meM suvarNa aura kApTha meM agni donoM binA prayoga ke dikhAI nahIM par3ate usI prakAra dhyAna ke binA prAtmA kA darzana nahIM hotA aura isase dhyAna kA mahAtmya, evaM lakSNa spaSTa jAna par3atA hai| grantha svapara-sambodhaka hai| 7vaM padya meM batalAyA hai ki jisa taraha dADha aura nakharahita siMha gajendroM kA hanana karane meM samartha nahIM hotaa| usI taraha dhyAna ke binA yogI karma ke kSapaNa meM samartha nahIM hotaa| ataH karmavana ko dagdha karane ke lie dhyAna kI atyanta AvazyakatA hai, dhyAna ekAnta sthAna meM hI saMbhava hai, mana kI caMcalatA dhyAna meM bAdhaka hai / muni padmasiMha vikrama kI 11 vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna haiN| padmanandi maladhAri mUlasaMgha, dezIyagaNa, pustagaccha aura kauNDakundAnvaya ke vidvAna the| unhoMne pArzvanAtha kI mUrti kI sthApanA kI thii| san 1087 meM jaba cAlukya samrAT tribhuvanamalla kalyANa me rAjya kara rahe the| usa samaya cAlukya vikrama varSa prabhava saMvatsara kI puNya amAvasyA ravivAra ko uttarAyaNa saMkrAnti ke avasara para puNDara ke mahAmaNDalezvara attarasa ne tikappa daNDa nAyaka ko pArzvanAtha ko pUjA ke liye bhUmi,udyAna aura kucha anya prAya ke sAdhanoM kA dAna diyA thaa| ata: papanandi maladhAri kA samaya san 1087 (vi0 saM0 1154) hai|3| candraprabhAcArya-zaka saM065 san 1072 ke eka stambha lekha meM bhAdrapada kRSNA 8 zanivAra ke dina candraprabhAcArya ke svargavAsa kA varNana hai| -jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 5 pR032 zrutakIti-kundakundAnvaya dezIgaNa ke vidvAna AcArya zrI kIrti ke ziSya the| yaha apane samaya ke baDe vidvAna, zAstrArtha vicArajJa, vyAkhyAtatva, aura kavitvAdi guNoM meM prasiddha the| inakI kIti jagattraya meM vyApta thii| 1. riNayamaNa paDivohatthaM paramasaruvassa bhAvaNa NimitaM / siri paumasiMha muNiraNA riNammaviyaM NANasAramiraNaM // 61 sirivikakamassa kAle dazasama chAsI juyaMmi vhmaanne| sAvaNa siya NavamIe aMvaya eyarammi kayameyaM / / 62 2. parimANaM ca silomA cauhattari haMti NANasArasma / __ gAhANaM ca tisadI sulaliya baMgheNa raiyAraNaM // 63 3. ri0 i0 e0 1960-61 jainalekha saM0 bhA0 5 pR0 34

Page #341
gyArasavIM aura bArahavI zatAbdI ke vidvAna, aura prAcAya 307 ve sarvajJazAsana rUpI grAkAza ke zaratkAlIna pUrNamAsI ke candramA the / aura ve tatkAlIna gAMgeya aura bhoja devAdi samasta nRpa pu gavo me pUjita the / inameM gaMgeya deva to kalacUri nareza jJAta hote hai jo kokkala (dvitIya) ke pazcAt san 1016 ke lagabhaga sihAsanArUDha hue| aura san 1038 taka rAjya karate rahe hai aura bhoja deva vahI dhArA ke paramarAvaMzI rAjA hai, jinhone san 1000 se san 1055 (vi0sa0 1112) taka mAlavA kA rAjya kiyA hai / ora jinakA gujarAta ke solakI rAjAoM meM aneka bAra sagharSa huaa| isase zrutakIrti kA samaya san 1080 se 1065 taka ho sakatA hai / " kavi dhanapAla kavi dhanapAla 'dharkaTa vaza' nAmaka vaizya kula me utpanna huA thaa| isake pitA kA nAma mAesara aura mAtA kA nAma dhanasira ( dhanazrI ) devI thaa| prastuta dharkaTa yA dhakkaDa vaMza prAcIna hai| yaha vaMza 10vI zatAbdI se 13vI zatAbdI taka bahuta prasiddha rahA hai / aura isa vaza me aneka pratiSThita zrI sampanna puruSa aura aneka kavi hue hai / bhaviSya datta kathA kA kartA prastuta dhanapAla pAvana vaza meM utpanna huA thA / jisakA samaya 10 vI zatAbdI hai / dharma parIkSA (sa0 1044) ke kartA hariSeNa isI vaza me uppanna hue the / jambUsvAmI caritra ke kartA vIra kavi (sa0 1076) ke samaya mAlava deza meM dhakkaDavA ke maghasUdana ke putra takvaDa zreSThI kA ullekha milatA hai jinakI preraNA se jambU svAmI caritra racA gayA hai / sa0 1287 ke delavADA ke tejapAla vAle zilA lekha meM 'dharkaTa' jAti kA ullekha hai / isase isa vaMza kI mahattA grAra prasiddhi kA mahaja hI bodha ho jAtA hai / dhanapAla apabhraMza bhASA ke acche kavi the aura unheM sarasvati kA vara prApta thA jamA ki kavi ke nimna vAkyoM se "citiya dhaNavAli vaNivareNa, sarasai bahuladdha mahAvareNa / " - prakaTa hai / kavikA sampradAya digambara thA / yaha unake - 'bhaji vijeraNa yiMdavari lAyau / ' ( saMdhi 5-20 ) ke vAkya se prakaTa hai| itanA hI nahI kintu unhoMne 16ve svarga ke rUpa meM acyuta svarga kA nAmollekha kiyA hai / yaha digambara mAnyatA hai / prAcArya kundakunda kI mAnyatAnusAra sallekhanA ko caturtha zikSAvrata svIkAra kiyA hai' / kavi ke apTa mUla guNo kA kathana 10 vI zatAbdI ke prAcArya amRtacandra ke puruSArtha siddhaya pAya ke nimnapadya se prabhAvita hai madyaM mAMsa kSaudraM paJcodumbara phalAni yatnena / hiMsA vyuparata kAmaM moktavyAni prathamameva // ( 3-61 ) 'mahu majja maMsu paMcavarAi, khajjaMti Na jammaMtara sayAi // 1. vidvAnmamAnA vicAracaturAnana / zirazcandra karAkAra kIrtivyApta jagatrayaH ||13 vyAkhyAtR - kavitvAdi gugAharu mAnasa / sarvajJazAsanAkAza zaratpArvaNa candramA // 14 gAgeya bhojadevAdi samasta nRpapuGgavai / pUjitotkRSTapAdAravindo vidhvastakalmaSaH // 15 - zrIcandra kathAkoSa prazasti- jainagra tha - prazasti sa0 bhA0 2 pR0 7 2. dhakkaDa viMsi mAesara ho samubbhaviraNa | miri devi eNa viraiu samma mabhaviNa // ( antima prazasti ) 3 aha mAlavammi dharaNa -karaNa darasI, nayarI nAmeNa sidhu - varisI / tahi dhakkaDa vagge vaza liu, mahasUyA gadara guggAriNalau // gAmeNa seTThi takkhar3a, vasaI, jasa paDar3ha jAsu nihuriNa ramaI | (jabU0 prazasti) 4. madya mAna matyAga mahodumbara paJcakaM / aSTAvete gRhasthAnAmuktA mUlaguNAH zrutau // - ( upAsakA0 21, 270 ) mahu majjunasa viraI cattA ye puNa ubarANa pacaNha / aTThede mUlaguggAharvati phuDa, desavirayammi / ( - gA0 356 ) tatrAdau zraddadhajjainI mAjJA hisAnapAsitum / madya mAsa-madhu tyujbhet pacakSIrI phalAni ca / - sA0 2-2

Page #342
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 AcArya amRtacandra kI isa mAnyatA ko uttaravartI vidvAna prAcAryoM ne (somadeva devasena, paM0 zrAzAdhara ne ) apane granthoM meM apanAyA hai / ina saba pramANoM se jJAta hotA hai ki kavi dhanapAla digambara sampradAya ke vidvAna the / bhaviSyadatta kathA 308 prastuta kathA apabhraMza bhASA kI racanA hai / prastuta kRti meM 344 kaDavaka haiN| jiname zruta paMcamI ke vrata kA mahAtmya batalAte hue unake anuSThAna karane kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI bhaviSyadatta aura kamalazrI ke caritra-citraNa dvArA usa aura bhI spaSTa kiyA gayA hai / grantha kA kathA bhAga tIna bhAgoM meM bATA jA sakatA hai / caritra ghaTanA bAhulla hote hue bhI kathAnaka sundara vana par3e hai / unameM sAdhu-grasAdhu jIvana vAle vyaktiyoM kA paricaya svAbhAvika bana par3A hai / kathAnaka ma alokika ghaTanAoM kA samIkaraNa huA hai, parantu vastu varNana meM kavi ke hRdaya ne sAtha diyA hai / ataeva nagara, dazAdika bhAra prAkRtika varNana sarasa ho sake hai / grantha meM rasa aura alaMkAroM ke puTa naM use sundara aura sarasa banA diyA hai / grantha meM jahA zrRgAra, vIra aura zAntarasa kA varNana hai vahA~ upamA, utpakSA, svabhAvokti aura virodhAbhAsa Adi alakAroM kA prayoga bhI dikhAI detA hai / bhASA meM lokoktiyA aura vAgdhArAmrA kA prayAga bhA milatA hai / yathA - kiM ghiu hoi virolie pANie pAnI ke vilaune se kyA ghI ho sakatA hai / praNa icchiihoMti jiya dukkhai sahasA pariNarvAta tiha sobakhai(3-10-8) jaise yadRcchayA dukha prAta hai base hai| sahasA sukha bhI prA jAte hai / jovvaNa viyArasavasa pasari so sUrau so paDiyau / cala mammaNa vayaNullAvaehi jo paratiryAha na khaDiyau / vahI zUra vIra hai aura vahA paMDita hai, jo yAvana ke vipaya vikArA ke bar3hane kAmoddIpaka vacanoM se prabhAvita nahIM hotA / ( 3- 18- 6 ) para striyoM ke caMcala jahAM jeNadattaM tahAteNa pattaM imaM succae siTTha loeNa vRttaM / supAyannavA kohavA jatta mAlI kahaM so naro pAvae tatthasAlI / jo jaisA detA haiM, vaisA hI pAtA hai / yaha ziSTa logoM ne saca kahA hai| jo mAlI kodoM vovegA vaha zAlI kahAM se prApta kara sakatA hai ina subhApatoM aura lokoktiyoM se grantha aura bhI sarasa bana gayA hai / granthakA kathA bhAga tIna bhAgoM meM vAMTA jA sakatA hai / yathA 1. vyApArI putra bhaviSyadatta kI saMpatti kA varNana, bhaviSyadatta, apane sautele bhAI bandhudatta se do bAra dhokhA khAkara aneka kaSTa sahatA hai, kintu anta meM use saphalatA milatI hai / 2 kurUrAja aura takSazilA narezoM meM yuddha hotA hai, bhaviSya datta usameM pramukha bhAga letA hai, aura usameM vijayI hotA hai / 3. bhaviSyadatta tathA usake sAthiyoM kA pUrva janma varNana / kathA kA saMkSipta sAra bharata kSetra ke kurujAMgala deza meM gajapura nAma kA eka sundara aura samRddha nagara thaa| usa nagara kA zAsaka bhUpAla nAma kA rAjA thaa| usI nagara meM dhanapAla nAma kA nagara seTha rahatA thaa| vaha apane guNoM ke kAraNa loka meM prasiddha thA / usakA vivAha haribala nAma ke meTha ko sundara putrI kamalazrI se huA thA / vaha atyanta rUpavatI aura guNavatI thii| bahuta dinoM taka usake koI santAna na huI, prataeva vaha cintita rahatI thii| eka dina usane apanI cintA kA kAraNa munivara se nivedana kiyA / munivara ne uttara meM kahA, tere kucha dinoM meM vinayI, parAkramI aura guNavAna putra hogaa| aura kucha samaya bAda usake bhaviSyadatta nAma kA putra huaa| vaha par3ha likhakara saba kalAnoM meM niSNAta ho gayA / dhanapAla surUpA nAma kI putrI se apanA dUsarA vivAha kara letA hai / usake bandhudanta nAma kA putra huA /

Page #343
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, aura AcArya jaba vaha yUvA huA taba vahata utpAda macAne lgaa| nagara ke meThoM ne milakara vicAra kiyA ki yaha yavatiyoM se cheDa khAnI karatA hai, ata: use kaMcanapura jAne ke lie taiyAra karanA caahie| mantrI jana vyavasAya ke nimitta bandhudatta ko bhejane ke liye taiyAra ho gaye / aura bandha datta ko apane mAthiyoM ke sAtha kacanadvIpa jAte hA dekhakara bhavigyadatta bhI apanI mAtA ke bAra-bAra roke jAne para bhI unake sAtha ho liyaa| jaba marUpA ko patA calA to bandhadatta ko zivA kara kahA ki tuma bhaviSyadatta ko kisI taraha mamudra meM chor3a denaa| jisame bandhu-bAndhavoM se usakA milApa na ho ske| parantu bhavigyadatta kI mAtA uge upadeza detI huI ki paradhana aura paranArI ko mparga na karane kI zikSA detI hai| pAMcasau vaNikoM ke mAtha donoM bhAI jahAja meM baiThakara cale / kaI dvIpAntaroM ko pArakara unakA jahAja madanAga dvIpake mamadra taTa para jA lgaa| pramukha loga jahAja me utara kara madanAga parvata kI gobhA dekhane lge| bandhudatta dhokhe se bhavipyadatta ko vahIM enA jagala meM chor3akara apane sAthiyoM ke ma tha-pAtha Age calA jAtA hai| becArA bhaviSyadatta idhara-udhara bhaTakatA huA ujar3a hue eka gamaddha nagara meM pahuMcatA hai| aura vaha ke jinamandira meM candraprabha jinakI pUjA karatA hai / umI ujaI nagara meM vaha eka sundara yavatI kA devanA hai| umA se bhaviSyadatta ko patA calatA hai ki vaha samRddha nagara amuro dvArA ujAr3A gayA hai| kucha samaya bAda vaha asura vahA pAtA hai aura bhaviSyadatta kA usa sundarI se vivAha kara detA hai| idhara putra ke cirakAla taka na laTane se kamala zrI muktA nAmakI AyikA me usake kalyANArtha thatapacamI vrata' kA anupThAna karatI hai| udhara bhaviSyadatta bhI mA kA smaraNa hone meM mapatnIka ora pracara sampatti ke sAtha ghara lauTatA hai / lauTate hue unakI vandha datta ge bhaMTa ho jAtI hai, jo apane mAthiyo ke mAtha yAtrA meM asaphala ho vipatti dazA meM thaa| bhaviA yadatta unakA maharSa svAgata karatA hai, kintu vanyadatta ko dhove ma vahI chor3akara usakI patnI aura prabhUta dhana rAzilekara mAthiyoM ke sAtha naukA meM savAra ho vahA meM cala detA hai / mArga meM unakI nokA punaH patha bhraSTa ho jAtI hai| ora ve jema tame gajapura pahuMcate hai| ghara pahaMcakara bandhudatta bhaviSyadatta kI patnI ko apanI bhAvI patnI ghopita karatA hai unakA vivAha nizcita ho jAtA hai| kamalathI logoM me bhaviSyadatta ke viSaya meM pUchatI hai, parantu koI use spaSTa nahIM btlaataa| kamalathI munirAja me putra ke sambandha meM pUchatI hai| munirAja ne kahA tumhArA putra jIvina hai, vaha yahAM prAkara AdhA rAjya prApta karegA / eka mahIne bAda bhaviSyadatta bhI eka yakSa kI sahAyatA meM gajapura pahaMcatA hai| aura apanI mAtA me saba vRttAnta kahatA hai, mAtA ko vaha nAgamudrikA dekara use bhavipyAnurUpA ke pAsa bhejatA hai| tathA svayaM aneka prakAra ka ratnAdi lekara rAjA ke pAsa jAtA hai, aura unheM rAjA ko bheTa karatA hai| bhavigyadanta rAjA ko sava vRttAnna munAnA hai, parijanA ke mAtha vaha rAjasabhA meM jAtA hai aura bandhadatta ke vivAha para Apatti prakaTa karatA hai / rAjA dhanavai kA bulAtA hai| pAra bandhadata kA rahasya khulane para rAjA krodhavaza donoM kA kAgavAma kA daNDa detA hai| para bhaviSyadatta dhanavai ko chur3avA datA hai| rAjA jaya lakSmI pAra candralekhA nAma kI do dApiyoM kA bhaviSyAnurUpA ke pAsa bhejatA hai ve jA kara bhavipyAnarUpA se kahatI hai| rAjA ne bhaviSyadatta ko deza me nikAlane kA prAdeza diyA hai aura vandha datta ko sammAna ! ataH aba tuma bandhudatta ke sAtha raho / kintu vaha bhaviSyadatta meM apanI anurakti prakaTa karatI hai| dhanavai nava dampati ko lekara ghara pAtA hai| kamala zrI vrata kA udyApana karatI hai, vaha jaina saMgha ko jevanAra detI hai, vaha pitA ke ghara jAne ko taiyAra hotI hai| para kaMcana mAlA dAsI ke kahane para meTha kamalathI se kSamA mAMgatA hai| rAjA sumitrA ke sAtha bhaviSyadatta kA vivAha karane kA prastAva karatA hai| kucha samaya ke bAda pAMcAla nareza citrAMga kA dUta rAjA bhUpAla ke pAsa pAtA hai, ora kara tathA apanI kanyA sumitrA ko dene kA prastAva karatA hai / rAjA asamanjasa meM par3a jAtA hai, bhaviSyadatta yuddha ke liye taiyAra hotA hai| aura sAhasa tathA dhairya ke sAtha pAcAla nareza ko bandI banA letA hai, rAjA sumitrA kA vivAha bhaviSyadatta ke sAtha karatA hai aura rAjya bhI saupa detA hai| kucha dinoM bAda bhaviSyAnurUpA ke dohalA utpanna hotA hai aura vaha tilaka dvopa jAne kI icchA karatI bhaviSyadatta saparivAra vimAna meM baiTha kara tilaka dvIpa pahuMcatA hai aura vahA jinamandira meM candraprabha jinako sotsAha pUjana karatA hai aura cAraNa muni ke darzana kara zrAvaka dharma kA svarUpa sunatA hai| apane mitra manovega ke

Page #344
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa- bhAga 2 pUrva bhava kI kathA pUchatA hai, aura sabhI sakuzala gajapura lauTa pAte haiM / bhavipyadatta bahuta dinoM taka rAjya karatA hai bhaviSyAnurUpA ke cAra putra utpanna hote hai-suprabha, kanakaprabha, sUryaprabha ora somaprabha, tathA tArA sutArA nAma ko do putriyAM utpanna hotI hai / sumitrA se dharaNendra nAma kA putra ora tArA nAma kI putrI utpanna hotI hai| kucha samaya bAda vimala buddhi munirAja gajapura Ate haiM / bhaviSyadatta saparivAra unakA vandanA ke lie jAtA hai, aura unase apane pUrvabhava jAnakara deha bhogoM se virakta hA, suprabha ko rAjya dekara dIkSA le letA hai| aura tapazcaraNa dvArA vaimAnika deva hotA hai aura anta meM mukti kA pAtra banatA hai| racanA kAla kavi dhanapAla ne bhaviSyadatta kathA meM racanA kAla nahIM diyA, ora na apanI guru paramparA hI do hai| isase racanA kAla ke nirNaya karane meM bar3A kaThinAI ho rahI hai| grantha ko sabase prAcIna pratilipi sa0 1363 ko upalabdha hai, jaisA ki lipi prazasti ko nimna paktiyoM meM prakaTa hai :-- saMvacchare akkirA vikkameNaM, hI ehi tevadi terahasaeNaM / varisseya pUseNa seyammi pakkhe: tihI vArasI somi rohiNI rikkhe| suhajjoimaya raMgamo buddha patto imo sundaro satthu suhadiNi smtto||' yaha zAstra musamvatasara vikrama terahasau teganave meM posa mAma mukla pakSa dvAdazo somavAra ke dina rohiNI nakSatra meM zubha ghar3I zubha dina meM likha kara samApta huaaa| usa samaya dillI meM muhammadazAha vina tugalaka kA rAjya thaa| isa grantha pratiko livAkara dene vAle dillI nivAsI himapAla ke pUtra vAdha sAha the| jinhoMne apanI kIrti ke liye anya aneka zAstra upazAstra likhavAe the / yaha bhaviSyadata kathA unhoMne apane liye likhvaaii| isase yaha grantha saM0 1363 (san 1336 I0) me bAda kA nahIM ho sakatA, kintu usase pUrva racA gayA hai / DA0 devendra kumAra ne bhUla se isa lipi prazasti ko jo agravAla vaMzo sAhu vAdhU ne likhavAI thii| mUlagraMtha kartA dhanapAla kI prazasti samajhakara usakA racanA kAla sa0 1363 (san 1336 I0) nizciya kara diyaa| yaha eka mahAn bhUla hai, jise unhoMne sudhArane kA prayatna nahIM kiyaa| jabaki DA0 harmana jaikobI ne isa gratha kA racanA kAla dazavIM zatAbdI se pUrva mAnA jA sakatA likhA hai, zrI dalAla aura guNane bhavisayatta kahA kI bhUmikA meM batalAyA hai ki dhanapAla kI bhavisayatta kahA ki bhASA hemacanda se adhika prAcIna hai| isame spaSTa hai ki yaha grantha vi0 12 vIM zatAbdI me pUrva kI racanA hai| phira bhI DA0 devendra kumAra ne vikrama saM0 1230 meM racI jAne vAlI vivadha zrIdhara kI bhavisayatta kahA se tulanA kara dhanapAla kI kathA ko arvAcIna batalAne kA dussAhasa kiyA hai| jabaki svayaM usake bhASA sAhitya ko zithila ghaTiyA darje kA mAnA hai, aura likhA hai ki-"ina varNanoM ko dekhane para spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki kAvya katitva zakti se bharapUra hai| para kalpanAtmaka, bimbArtha yojanA aura alaMkaraNatA tathA saundaryAnubhUti kI jo jhalaka hameM dhanapAla kI bhaviSyadatta kathA meM lakSita hotI hai, vaha isa kAvya (vivadha zrIdhara kI kathA) meM nahI hai|" vavadha zrIdharakI bhaviSyadatta kathA kI bhASA calatI haI prasAda guNa yukta hai|" (dekho bhavisayatta kahA tathA apabhraMza kathA kAvya pa0158) jabaki dhanapAla ko bhavisayatta kahA kI bhASA prauDha, alaMkaraNa aura bimbArtha yojanA Adi ko liye hae hai| bhASA prAMjala aura prasAda gaNa se yukta hai| kavi dhanapAla ne grantha meM apTa mUla guNoM ko batalAte hue madya mAMsa aora madhu ke sAtha paMca udaMbara phaloMke tyAga ko praSTa mUla guNa batalAyA hai / yathA-mahumajju maMsu paMcubarAiM khajjati Na jmmNtrsyaaii| (bhavisayatta kahA 16-8) dazavIM zatAbdoM se pUrva aSTamUla guNoM meM paMca udambara phaloM kA tyAga zAmila nahIM thA, kintu paMcANuvrata 1 ihatte parate muhAyAra heu, tiNe lihiya suapaMcamI NiyahaM heu / anekAnta varSa 22 kiraNa 1 2 zrI dalAla aura gugge dvArA sampAdita gAyakavADa oriyanTala mIrIja prathAka naM0 20, 1923 I0 meM prakAzita /

Page #345
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, aura AcArya ke sAtha tIna makAra kA tyAga parigaNita thA, jaisA ki AcArya samantabhadra ke nimna padya se prakaTa hai : madya mAMsa madhutyAgaH sahANuvratapaJcakam / aSTau mUlaguNAnAhueNhiNAM zramaraNottamAH // _ -(ratna karaNDa zrAvakAcAra-4-66) prAcArya jinasena ke bAda aSTamUla guNoM meM pAMca aNuvratoM ke sthAna para paMca udambara phaloM ke tyAga ko zAmila kiyA gayA hai / dazavI zatAbdI ke amRtacandrAcArya ke puruSArtha siddhacupAya ke nimna padya meM prapTamUla guNoM meM paMca udambara phaloM kA tyAga batalAyA hai : madya mAMsaM kSaudraM paJcodumbara phalAni yatnena / hiMsA vyuparatikArmoktavyAni prathama meva // -puruSArthasiddhaya pAya 3-61 somadevAcArya (1016) ke upAsakAdhyayana meM aSTamala guNoM meM tIna makAroM (madya mAMsa magha) ke tyAga ke sAtha paMca udambara phaloM kA tyAga bhI batalAyA hai aura inake utaravartI vidvAna amitagati devasena padmanandi prAgAdhara Adi ne bhI svIkRta kiyA hai| kavi dhanapAla ne prAcArya amRta canda ma aSTamUla guNoM ko grahaNa kiyA hai yadi yaha mAna liyA jAya to dhanapAla kA samaya dagavI zatAbdI kA antima caraNa athavA gyArahavIM zatAbdI prathama caraNa ho sakatA hai| ve usake bAda ke granthakAra nahI hai| jayasena yaha lADa bAgaDa maMgha ke pUrNacandra the| zAstra samudra ke pAragAmo pAra tapa ke nivAsa the| tathA stro ko kalA rUpI bANoM se nahIM bhide the--pUrNa brahmacarya se pratiSThita the / jaisA ki mahAsenAcArya ke nimna padya se prakaTa hai zrI lATa vargaTanabhastalapUrNacandraH, zAstrArNavAntaga sudhIstapasAM nivAsaH / kAntA kalAvapi na yasya zaraivibhinna, svAnta babhUva sa munirjayasena nAmA / / inake zipya guNAkarasena sUri aura prazipya mahAsana the| mahAsena ko kRti pradyumnacaritra prasiddha hai| mahAsena maja dvArA pUjita the| muMja kA samaya vikrama ko 11vI zatAbdo kA madhyakAla hai| inake samaya ke do dAnapatra saM0 1031 aura 1036 ke mile haiN| saM0 1050 aura 1054 ke madhya kisI samaya tailadeva ne maMja kA vadha kiyA thaa| guNAkara sena aura mahAsena ke 50 varSa kama kara diye jAya to jayamena kA samaya 10voM zatAbdI ho sakatA hai| vAgbhaTa (neminirvANakAvya kartA)vAgbhaTa nAmake aneka vidvAna ho gaye haiN| unameM prastuta vAgbhaTa unase prAcIna aura bhinna haiN| inhoMne apanA paricaya 'neminirvANa' kAvya ke antima padya meM diyA hai| 1 madyamAMma madhutyAgaH sahodugdumbarapaJcakaiH / aSTAvete gahasthAnAmuktA mUlaguNAH zruteH // -upAsakAdhyayana 270 pR0 126 2 bhAratIya sAhitya meM vAgbhaTa nAma ke aneka vidvAnoM ke nAma milate hai / eka 'vAgbhaTa apTAga hRdaya' nAmaka vaidya grantha nakA . jo sindha deza ke nivAsI aura siMha gupta ke putra the| jaimA ki apTA~ga hRdaya kI kanar3I lipI kI anta prazasti ke nimna padya se prakaTa hai :-yajanmanaH sukRtinaH khalu sindhudeze yaH putravanta makaroda bhuvi siha guptam / tenokta metadubhayajJabhiSagvareNa sthAna samAptamiti // 1 // (dekho, maisUra ke paNDita pamarAja ke pustakAlaya kI kanaDI prati / ) sovATineminirvANa kAvya ke kartA jinakA paricaya Upara diyA gayA hai| tIsare vAgbhaTa (zve0) vAgbhaTrAlaMkAra ke patra aura solaMkI rAjA siddharAja jayasiMha ke sama kAlIna aura unake mahAmAtya (maMtrI) the| jaya miha kA kAla vi0 saM0 1150 se 1196 nizcita huA hai / gujarAtano madhyakAlIna gajapUta itihAsa, durgAzaMkara zAstrI kA pR0 225 / cauthe vAgbhaTa nemikumAra ke putra the, jinakA paricaya Age diyA gayA hai|

Page #346
312 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 ahicchatra purotpannaH prAgvATakulazAlinaH / chAhaDasya sutazcake prabandhaM vAgbhaTaH kaviH // imame spaSTa hai ki vavi kA janma ahicchatrapUra me hA thaa| unake pitA kA nAma chAhar3a pora kula prAgvATa (poravADa) thA / ahicchatrapura nAma ke do nagage kA ullekha milatA hai| unameM eka ahicchatrapUra uttarI pacAla kI gajadhAnI thA, jo eka pugatana aitihAmika nagara hai| vividha tIrtha kalpa (pATha 14) me isakA prAcIna nAma 'sagvAvatI diyA hai / ahicchatra kA nAma teIsava tIrthakara bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke uparmaga ke jotane aura kaivalya prApta karane ke kAraNa loka meM prasidva hanA hai / solaha janapado meM panAla kA nAma pAyA hai| umameM pacAla janapada ke do bhAga batalAye hai ; uttara aura dakSiNa / uttara pacAla kI rAjadhAnI ahicchatra yora dakSiNa ko rAjadhAnI kAmpilya / sAtavI zatAbdI ke prasiddha AcArya pAtra vesarI ne ahicchatra ke rAjA ko mevA kA parityAga karake jena dIkSA le lI thI / aura bauddho ke vilakSaNa hetu kA nirasana karane ke liye vilakSaNaka darthana' nAma kA eka vizAla dAnika grantha banAyA thaa| jo isa samaya anupalabdha hai| dUsare ahicchata ke rAjA durmakha kI kathA jagata prasiddha hai / vaDA rAjA vamapAla ne pArzvanAtha kA eka vizAla mandira banavAyA thA aura usame valAtmaka sundara pAzvanAtha kI mati kA nirmANa karAkara use vahA prAtaSThita kiyA thA pAra kalAkAra kA pracara dravya pradAna kiyaa| nAgapura aura ahicchatrapUra kahA jAtA thaa| para usakI itanI pramiddhi nahI thii| porana vaha tIrtha hI kahalAtA thaa| astu yaha nirNaya karanA yahA zakya nahIM hai, kisa ahicchatrapura meM vAgbhaTa kA janma hanA thaa| isake liye prAcIna pramANoM ke anveSaNa kI aAvazyakatA hai| tabhI damakA nirNaya ho skegaa| racanA kavi kI eka mAtrakRti 'neminirvANa' kAvya hai, jo 15 sargoM meM vibhAjita hai| aura jisakI zloka saMkhyA 656 hai / isa kAvya meM bhagavAna neminAtha kA jIvana vRtta akita hai| prathama sarga meM caturvizati tIrthakaroM kA sundara stavana diyA huA hai| mahArAja samudra vijaya putra ke prabhAva me cintita rahate the| unhoMne putra prApti ke liye aneka vrato kA anuSThAna kiyA thaa| dUsare sarga me rAnI ne rAtri ke pichale bhAga me solaha svapna dekhe, mahArAnI zivA kI sevA ke liye devAga. nAe AI ora aneka taraha me mAtA kI sevA karane lagI tImare marga me ganI ne rAjA se svapno kA phala pUchA, gajA ne batalAyA ki tumhe lokamAnya putra ratna kI prApti hogI, jo loka kA kalyANa kara mUkti ko prApta kregaa| caudhe sarga meM tIrthakara ka garbha meM Ane se rAnI ke saundarya kI abhivRddhi honA pora thAvaNa zuklA SaSThI ka dina putra kA janma hayA, tIrthakara ke janmAbhiSeka kI sUcanA cAge nikAyA ke devoM ko ghaNTA, aura zakhadhvani prAdi se prApta haI aura ve maparikara dvAgavanI meM paaye| 1 mva0 ma0ma0 ojhA jI ke anusAra 'nAgaura kA purAnA nAma nAgapura yA ahicchAtra pura thaa| -dekho, nAgarI pracAriNI patrikA bhA0 2 10 106 2 dekho, anekAnta varSa 24 kiraNa 6 pR0 265 me prakAzita lekhaka kA uttara pacAla kI gajadhAnI ahicchatra nAma kA lekha / 3 bhUbhRtpadAnuvartI mana gaja sevA pagaeNgamukhaH / sayato'pi ca mokSArthI bhAtyamau pAtra kezarI // dekho,-nagaratAluka zilAlamba 4 hariSeNa kathA koza kI 12 vI kathA 10 22 5 hariSeNa kathA kozakI 20vI kathA /

Page #347
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcAya pAMcaveM sarga meM bhagavAna kA devoM ne janmAbhiSeka dhama-dhAma se sampanna kiyaa| indrane usakA nAma ariSTanemi rakkhA / janmAbhiSeka sampanna kara deva svarga loka cale ge| chaThe saga meM ariSTanemi kI navodita candramA ke samAna zarIra kI abhivRddhi hone lgii| ve tIna jJAna ke dhAraka the| unase purajana parijana sabhI prAnandita the / yuvA hone para bhI unameM viSaya-vAsanA nahI thii| unakA saundarya anupama thaa| yAdava loga raivataka para vasanta kA avalokana karane ge| ariSTanemi se bhI sArathI ne raivataka para calane ke liye nivedana kiyaa| sArathIkI preraNA se neminAtha bhI parvata kI zobhA dekhane gye| sAtave sarga meM kavi ne raivataka parvata kA bar3A sundara varNana 55 padyoM meM kiyA hai| jinameM lagabhaga 44 chanda prayukta hue haiN| varNana kI chaTA anUThI hai / jalapUrNa sarovaro meM hasa krIr3A kara rahe the| campA aura sahakAra kI chaTA isa parvata kI bhUmi ko suvarNamaya banA rahI tho / kuravaka, azoka, tilaka prAdi vRkSa prapanI zobhA se nandana vana ko bhI tiraskRta kara rahe the| sArathi kI preraNA se parvatarAja kI zobhA dekhane vAle neminAtha ne saghana chAyA meM nirmita paTa mandira meM nivAsa kiyA / parvata kitanA zrI mampanna thaa| usa para tapasvinI gaNanI prAyikA virAjamAna haiN| jo muni samUha se zobhita haiM, gurugoM se sahita hai| yaduvaMza bhUSaNa nemijinendra ke virAjamAna hone para usa parvata ko zobhA kA kyA kahanA / UrjayantagirI kA itanA sundara varNana mujhe anyatra dekhane meM nahIM aayaa| pAThava sarga meM yAdavoM kI jala krIr3A kA sundara varNana hai, navameM sargameM sUryAsta, sadhyA, tathA candrodaya kA sundara sajIva varNana nihita hai| mUryAsta hone para andhakAra ne praveza kiyaa| rAtrike saghana andhakAra ko chinna-bhinna karane ke liye hI mAnoM auSadhipati (candramA) kA udaya hyaa| dazave sarga meM-madhupAna kA varNana hai, yuvaka aura yuvatiyAM madhupAna meM Asakta thIM, madhu kA mAdaka nazA unheM prAnanda vibhora banA rahA thA / yAdava loga madhupAna se unmatta ho vividha prakAra kI surata krIr3AoM meM anurakta the| gyArahave sarga meM rAjA ugrasena kI sUpUtrI rAjomatI vasanta meM jala krIr3A ke liye apanI mAtAoM ke sAtha ravataka para pAI thii| ariSTa nemi ke avalokanase vaha kAma bANa se vidha gaI / zArIrika santApa meTane ke liye sakhiyoM ne candanAdi kA upayoga kiyA, kintu santApa adhika bar3ha gayA / yAdaveza samudra vijaya ne nemike liye rAjImatI kI yAcanA ke lie zrIkRSNa ko bhejaa| ugrasena ne saharSa svIkRti pradAna kii| ariSTa nemi ke vivAha kA zubha mUharta nizcaya kiyA gayA / vivAhotsavakI taiyAriyA hone lgii| bArahave sarga meM nemi kI vara yAtrA sajane lagI, zRMgAra vettAnoM ne unakA zrRMgAra kiyA, zuddha vastra dhAraNa kiye prAbhaSaNa pahane, isase nemike zarIra kI prAbhA zaratkAlIna megha ke samAna pratIta hotI thii| ve mahAna vaibhava aura sampatti se yukta the| svarNa nirmita toraNa yukta rAjamArga se nemi dhIre-dhIre jA rahe the| udhara rAjImatI kA bhI sandara zrRgAra kiyA gayA thaa| vara ke saundarya kA avalokana ke liye nAriyA~ gavAkSoM meM sthita hogii| sabhI loga rAjomatI ke bhAgya kI sarAhanA kara rahe the / dUrvA akSata, aura kukuma tathA dadhise pUrNa svarNa pAtra ko liye rAjImatI vara ke svAgatArtha dvAra para prastuta huii| terahaveM sargameM ratha se utarane ke liye prastuta ariSTanemi ne pazuoM kA karuNa 'krandana' sunaa| nemi ne sArathI se pUchA ki pazamoM kI yaha prArtadhvani kyoM sunAI par3a rahI hai ? sArathI ne uttara diyA-vivAha meM samilita patithiyoM ko ina pAtroM kA mAMsa khilAyA jAyagA / sArathI ke uttara se nemi ko atyadhika vedanA hii| aura unheM parva janma kA smaraNa ho paayaa| ve ratha se utara par3e aura samasta vaivAhika cinhoM ko zarIra se alaga kara diyaa| ugrasena mAdi ne tathA kuTumbI janoM ne aSTinemi ko samajhAne kA prayatna kiyA, para saba niSphala rahA, unhoMne spaSTa uttara diyA ki maiM vivAha nahI kruuNgaa| jaisA ki grantha ke nimna padyoM se prakaTa hai: 1 munigaNa sevyA guruNA yuktAryA jayati sAmutra / caraNagata magvilameva sphuratiArA lakSaNaM yasyAH // 7-2

Page #348
314 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 zrutvA tamArtadhvanimekavIraH sphAraM diganteSu sa datta dRSTi / dadarzavATa nikare niSaNNaH khinnAkhilakhApada varga garbham // taM vIkSa papraccha kRtI kumAraH sva sArathi manmathasAra mUrtiH / kimartha mete yugapannibaddhAH pArzaH prabhUtAH pazavo raTantaH // 3 zrImanvivAhe bhavataH samantAdabhyAgatasya svajanasya bhuktyaiH / kariSyate pAka vidhevizeSa vAgibhiH tamityuvAca // 4 zrutvA vacastasya savazyavRttiH sphuratkRpAntaH karaNaH kumAraH / nivArayAmAsa vivAha karmANya dharmabhIruH smRta pUrvajanmA // 5 anattaratyatrarathAnniSiddha niH zeSavaivAhika saMvidhAna / / sa vismayaH kiM kimati vANaH samAkulo bhUdatha bandhuvargaH // 6 unhoMne apane zikArI jIvana se jayanta vimAna meM utpanna hone taka kI pUrva bhavAvalI bhI sunAI, aura samasta purajanoM aura parijanoM ko samajhA kara vana kA mArga grahaNa kiyA, aura raivatagiri para dIkSA lekara tapa kA anupThAna karane lge| kavi ne tIrthakara neminAtha kI virakti ke prasaga meM zAntarasa ko sayojita kiyA hai| pazuoM ke cItkArane unake hRdaya ko dravita kara diyA hai, aura ve vivAha ke samasta vastrAbhUpaNoM kA parityAga kara tapazcaraNa ke liye vana meM cale jAte hai| isa sandarbha ko kavi vAgbhaTa ne atyanta sundara aura mArmika banAyA hai / bhagavAna neminAtha vicAra karate haiM: parigrahaM nAhamimaM kariSye satyaM yatiSye prmaarthsiddhy:| vibhoga lIlAmRgatRSNakAsu pravartake kaH khalu sadvivekaH / / vibhoga sAraGgahato hi jantuH parAM bhuvaM kAmapi gAhamAnaH / hiMsAnRtasteyamahAvanAntarvambhramyate recita sAdhumAgaH / / mAtmA prakRtyA paramottamo'yaM hisAM bhajankopi niSAdakAntAm / dhikkAra bhAgno labhate kadAcida saMzayaM divyapurapravezam / / dAnaM tapovavRSa vRkSamUlaM zraddhAnato yena vivardhya dUram / svananti mUDhAH svayamevahiMsA kuzIlatA svIkaraNena sadyaH / / maiM vivAha nahIM karUMgA, kintu paramArtha siddhi ke liye samIcIna rUpa se prayatna kruuNgaa| aisA kauna sadvivekI pUruSa hogA, jo bhogarUpI mRgatRSNA meM pravRtti kregaa| bhogarUpI sAraMga pakSI se hRta prANI hiMsA, jhUTha, corI kuzIla aura parigraha ko karatA huA apane sAdhu karma kA bhI parityAga kara detA hai / yadyapi yaha prAtmA prakRti se uttama hai to bhI vaha para krodhotpAdaka hiMsA kA sevana karatA huA dhikkAra kA bhAgI banatA hai; kintu svarga aura nirvANa Adi ko prApta nahIM karatA hai| jo dAna aura tapa rUpI dharma vRkSa para zraddhAna karate hue unheM dUra taka nahIM bar3hAte haiM, ve mUrkha haiM aura hiMsA kuzIlAdi kA sevana kara dharma vRkSa kI jar3a ko ukhAr3a DAlate haiM / arthAt jo vyakti dravya yA bhAvarUpa hiMsA meM pravRtta hotA hai vaha durgati kA pAtra banatA hai| ataeva vivekI puruSa ko jAgrata hokara dharma sevana karanA caahiye| caudahaveM sarga meM nemi ne durdhara evaM kaThora tapazcaraNa kiyA / varSA grISma aura zarata Rtu ke unmukta vAtA varaNa meM kAyotsarga meM sthita hae aura zukladhyAna dvArA ghAti-karma kAlimA ko vinaSTa kara kevalajJAna prApta kiyaa| jisa taraha andhakAra rahita dIpaka kI prabhA dvArA rAtri meM apane bhavanoM ko dekhA jAtA hai usI prakAra ve bhagavAna neminAtha samUtpanna hae kevalajJAna dvArA tInoM lokoM ko dekhane jAnane lge| yathA

Page #349
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, aura AcArya 315 "sa dadarza jagannAthaM tato vilasankevala-bodha-sampadA / avalupta tamaH pradIpa prabhayA nanaktamivAtmamandiram // 14-48 antima 15 va sarga meM kevalajJAna prApta hote hI devoM ne nemi tIrthakara kI stuti kI ora samavasaraNa kI racanA kii| bhagavAna neminAtha ne saptatattva ora karmabandhAdi viSayoM kA mArmika upadeza diyaa| prAra vividha dezoM meM vihAra kara jana-kalyANa ke aAdarza mArga ko btlaayaa| usase jagata meM ahisA pAra sukha-zAnti kA prasAra haa| anta meM yoga nirodhakara avaziSTa aghAti karma kA vinAzakara avinAzI svAtmopalabdhi ko prApta kiyaa| isa taraha yaha kAvya bar3A hI sundara sarala aura gsa alaMkAroM se yukta hai / murASTra deza meM pRthvI kA sundara varNana karate hae samudra ke madhya meM vamI dvAgavatI kA varNana atyanta sundara vana par3A hai| umameM zliSTopamA kA udAharaNa bahuta hI sundara huA hai| parisphuranmaNDalapuNDarIkacchAyApanItAtapasaMprayogaiH / yA rAjahaMsarupasevyamAnA, rAjIvinIvAmbanidhau rarAje // 37 jo nagarI samudra ke madhya meM kamalinI ke samAna zobhAyamAna hotI hai| jisa prakAra kamalinI vikasita paNDarIkoM-kamaloM-kI chAyA meM jinakI AtApa vyathA zAnta ho gaI hai aise rAjahaMmoM' hamavizeSo se sevita hotI hai| usI prakAra vaha nagarI bhI tane hue vistRta puNDarIkoM-hatroM-kI chAyA meM prAtapa vyathA dUra ho gaI hai aise rAjaiMsoM-baDe baDe zreSTha gajAnoM se sevita thI--usameM aneka gajA mahArAjA nivAsa karate the| kavi kA sampradAya di0 jaina thA, kyoMki unhoMne mallinAtha tIrthakara ko kururAja kA putra mAnA hai, pUtrI nahIM. jaisA ki zvetAmbara loga mAnate hai| virodhAmAsa alakAra ke nimna udAharaNa se spaSTa hai :-. tapaH kuThAra-kSata karmaballi-mallijinovaH zriyamAtanotu / kUroH sutasyApi na yasya jAtaM, duHzAsanatvaM bhuvanezvarasya / / 16 / / lAyA hai ki- 'taparUpa kuThAra ke dvArA karmarUpa vela ko kATane vAle ve mallinAtha bhagavAna tuma sabakI lakSmI ko vistRta kare, jo kucha ke putra hokara bhI duHzAsana nahIM the, pakSameM duSTa zAsana vAle nahIM the| mallinAtha bhagavAna kururAja ke putra to the, kintu duHzAsana nahIM the yaha virodha hai, usakA parihAra aise ho jAtA hai, ki mallinAtha ke pitA kA nAma kururAja thA, isakA kAraNa ve kururAja putra kahalAye, kintu ve duHzAsana nahIM the- unakA zAsana duSTa nahIM thA-unake zAsana ke sabhI jIva sukha-zAMti se rahate the| isa padya meM tapa aura kuThAra, karma aura valli kA rUpaka tathA balli aura malli kA anuprAsa bhI dRSTavya hai| vAstava meM alakAra bhAvAbhivyakti ke vizeSa sAdhana hai| pratyeka kavi racanA meM saundarya aura camatkAra lAne ke liye alaMkAroM kI yojanA karatA hai / kavi vAgbhaTa ne bhI apanI racanA meM saundarya vidhAna ke liye alaMkAroM ko niyojita kiyA hai| alaMkArI ke sAtha rasoM ke sandarbha kI saMyojanA use aura bhI sarasa banA detI hai / isase pAThakoM kA kevala manoraMjana hI nahIM hotA kintu una para kAvya aura kavi ke zrama kA prabhAva bhI aMkita hotA hai| racanAkAla kavi vAgbhaTa ne apanI guruparamparA aura racanAkAla kA grantha meM koI ullekha nahIM kiyaa| kintu vAgbhaTrAlakAra ke kavi vAgbhaTa (maM0 1176) ne apane grantha meM neminirmANa kAvya ke aneka padya uddhRta kiye haiM / neminirvANa kAvya ke chaThe sarga ke 3 padya - 'kAntArabhUmI' 'juhUrvasante' aura nemivizAla nayanoM Adi 46, 47 aura 51 naM0 ke padya vAgbhaTrAlaMkAra ke caturtha pariccheda ke 35, 36 aura 32 naM0 para pAye jAte haiN| aura sAtaveM sarga kA'varaNA prasana nikarA' Adi 26 na0 kA padya cauthe pariccheda ke 40 naM0 para upalabdha hotA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki saminirvANa kAvya ke kartA kavi vAgbhaTa vAgbhaTrAlaMkAra ke kartA se pUrvavartI haiN| unakA samaya saMbhavataH vi. kI 11vIM zatAbdI honA caahie| yahAM yaha vicAraNIya hai ki dharmazarmAbhyudaya aura neminirvANa kAvya kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana karane se jJAta hotA hai ki dono kA eka dUsare para prabhAva rahA hai| donoM kI kahIM-kahIM zabdAvalI

Page #350
316 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 3 bhI milatI hai| sambhava hai donoM 10-20 varSa ke antarAla ko liye hue sama sAmayika hoN| isa sambandha meM abhI anya pramANoM ke anveSaNa kI AvazyakatA hai| - neminirvANa kAvya para eka paMjikA upalabdha hai / jisake kartA bhaTTAraka jJAna bhUSaNa haiN| puSpikA vAkya meM se nemi nirvANa mahAkAvya kI paMjikA likhA hai| 'iti zrI bhaTTAraka mahAkAvya paMjikAyAM prathama srgH'| paMjikA kI pratilipi nayAmandira purA dillI ke zAstra bhaNDAra meM surakSita hai| harisiMha muni mani harisiMha kA ullekha sudarzana caritra ke kartA nayanandI ne sakala vidhi vidhAna kI prazasti meM kiyA hai| nayanandI inake samIpa hI rahate the| inakI preraNA se unhoMne 'sayala vihi vihANa kAvya' kI racanA kI hai / hari siMha mani bhI dhArA nagarI ke nivAsI the| cUki nayanandI ne saM0 1100 meM sudarzana caritra samApta kiyA hai / ataH inakA samaya bhI vikrama kI 11vIM zatAbdI hai| haMsasiddhAnta deva paratata prAcArya sasiddhAnta deva somadevAcArya ke nItivAkyAmata kI racanA ke samaya loka meM prasiddha the| aura na siddhAnta ke nirUpaNa meM pramANa mAne jAte the| jaisA ki nIti vAkyAmRta kI prazasti ke nimna vAkya se bhavasi samayoktI haMsa siddhAnta devH|" jAnA jAtA hai| inakA samaya somadeva kI taraha vikrama kI 10vIM yA 11vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha jAna par3atA hai| harSanandI yaha rAmanandI kI guru paramparA ke vidvAn nandanandI ke ziSya the| aura jItasAra samucya ke kartA vRSabha nandI ke guru bhAI the / ata eva unhoMne apane grantha prazasti ke 'anuja harSanandinA sulikhya jItasAra zAstramujvaloddhataM dhvajAyate'1 nimna vAkyoM meM unakA anujarUpa se ullekha kiyA hai| harSanandI ne jItasAra samUcca kI sundara prati likhakara dI thii| inakA samaya vikrama kI dazavIM yA gyArahavIM zatAbdI kA prArambhika bhAga hogaa| mahAmuni hemasena yaha draviDa saMghastha nandisaMgha, aruMgalAnvaya ke vidvAn the jo zAstra rUpI samudra ke pAragAmI the| jinake vacana rUpa vaz2AbhighAta se pravAdiyoM ke madarUpI bhUbhRta khaNDita ho jAte the| jaisA ki nimna padyoM se jAnA jAtA hai: zrImad vila-saMdhe'smin nandisaMdhe'tyaruGgalaH / anvayo bhAti yo'zeSaH-zAstra-vArAzi-pAraga / / yada-vAga-vajrAbhighAtena pravAdi-mada-bhabhataH / saccUNitAstu bhAtisma hemaseno mahAmuniH / / somahAmani hemasena the / hammaca kA yaha lekha kAla nirdeza se rahita hai, phira bhI ise sana 1070 I0 kA kahA jAtA hai| prata: hemasena kA samaya IsA kI 11vIM zatAbdI kA upAntya bhAga jAna paDatA hai| bhAvasena kASThA saMgha lADavAgaDa gaccha ke prAcArya the / gopasena ke ziSya aura jayasena (1055) ke guru the, jinhoM dekho anekAnta varSa 14 kiraNa, 150 27 purAne sAhitya kI khoja nAma kA lekha

Page #351
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAn, AcArya ne sakalI karahATaka meM dharmaratnAkara kI racanA kI thI / prastuta bhAvasena 11vI zatAbdI ke pUrvArdha ke vidvAn the| inakI koI kRti prApta nahIM hai| mahAkavi haricandra haricandra nAma ke aneka vidvAna ho gae hai| eka haricandra kA ullekha carakasaMhitA ke TIkAkAra ke rUpa meM milatA hai / inakA AnumAnika samaya IsAko prathama zatAbdI hai / kavi bANabhaTTa ne harSacarita ke haricandra kA ullekha kiyA hai| rAjazekhara kI kAvya mImAMsA meM bhI haricandra kA ullekha milatA hai| gauDavaho meM bhAsa, kAlidAsa aura subandhuke sAtha haricandra kA nAmollekha AtA hai| kintu prastuta haricandra uktakaviyoM se bhinna haiM / ina mahAkavi haricandra kA janma sampanna parivAra ke nomaka vaMza meM hazrA thaa| inake pitA kA nAma Ardradeva aura mAtA kA nAma rathyAdevI thaa| inakI jAti kAyastha thI, parantu ye jainadharmAvalambI the| kavi ne svaya apane ko parahantabhagavAna ke caraNa kamaloM kA bhramara likhA hai| inake choTe bhAI kA nAma lakSmaNa thaa| jo inakA prAjJAkArI bhakta aura gRhasthI kA bhAra vahana karane meM samartha thaa| dhamazarmAbhyudaya ko prazasti padyoM se prakaTa hai : muktAphala sthiti ralaMkRtiSu prasiddhastatrAdeva iti nirmala muurtiraasiit| kAyastha eva niravadya guNagrahaH sannako'pi yaH kalAkulamazeSamalaMcakAra // 2 lAvaNyAmbunidhiH kalAkulagrahaM saubhAgya sadbhAgyayoH, / krIDAvezmavilAsavAsavalabhI bhaSAspadaM saMpadAm / zaucAcAravivekavismayamahI prANapriyA zUlinaH, zarvANIva pativratA praNayinI rota tasyAbhavat // 3 prahatpadAmbhoruhacaJcarIkastayoH sutaH zrIharicanda pAsIta / guruprasAdAmalA babhavuH sArasvate srota si yasya vaacH||4 bhaktena zaktena ca lakSmaNena nirvyAkulo rAma ivAnujena / yAH pAramAsAdita buddhisetuH zAstrAmburAzeH paramAsasAda // 5 mahAkavi haricandra kAvyazAstra ke niSNAta vidvAna the| unhoMne kAlidAsa ke raghuvaMza, kumArasaMbhava, kirAta tathA zizapAla vadha ke sAtha candraprabhacarita, tatvArtha sUtra, aura uttara purANa Adi jaina granthoM kA adhyayana kiyA thaa| yadyapi unhoMne apane se pUrvavartI kaviyoM kI racanAoM kA avalokana kiyA thA aura unase kucha preraNA bhI grahaNa kI hai kinta unake pada vAkyAdi kA koI upayoga nahI kiyaa| kyoMki kavi ko sabhI sandarbho meM maulikatA vyApta hai| siddhAnta zAstrI paM0 kailAzacandra jo ne mahAkavi haricandra ke samaya-sambandhi lekhameM dharmazarmAbhyudaya kI vIranandI ke candraprabhacarita ke sAtha tulanA karake likhA hai ki donoM granthoM meM atyadhika samAnatA hai to bhI kAvya kI daSTi se hameM candraprabhakA dharmazarmAbhyudaya para koI RNa pratIta nahI hotaa| kyoki mahAkavi haricandra mAgha Adi kI Takkara ke kavi haiN| mahAkavi ne isa mahAkAvya meM una samasta guNoM kA varNana kiyA hai jinakA ullekha kavi daNDI ne kiyA 1 padabandho jjvalohArI ramya varNapadasthitiH / bhaTTAraka haricandrasya gadyabandho napAyate // harSacarita 1-13 pR0 10 2 haricandra candragupto parIkSitA viha vizAlAyAm / / -kA0 mI0 a010pa0 135 (vihAra rASTrabhASA saMskaraNa, 1954 I0) 3 bhAsammi jalaNamitte kattI deve ajasma rahuAre / so bandhave a baMdhammi haricaMde a aannNdo||800 -gauDavaho bhANDAra kara oriyaNTala insTITyUTa pUnA 1927 ii0| 4 dekho, anekAnta varSa 8 kiraNa 17-10 pR0 376

Page #352
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 318 hai / mahAkAvya meM nAyaka ke carita ke prasaMgAnusAra nagara, rAjA, upavana, parvata, RtunoM, jalakrIr3A, sandhyA, prabhAta, candrodaya aura rativilAsa Adi prakRti kI vicitratAoM aura jIvana kI anubhUtiyoM kA varNana samAviSTa karanA zrAvazyaka hai | paMDitarAja jagannAtha ne kAvya ke prAcIna lakSaNoM kA samanvaya karate hue kAvya kA lakSaNa - ' ramaNIyArtha pratiprAdakaH zabdaH kAvyam - ramaNIya artha ke pratipAdana karane vAle zabda samUha ko kAvya - batalAyA hai / isase spaSTa hai| ki kAvya meM ramaNIyatA kevala alakAroM se hI nahI AtI, kintu usake lie sundara arthavAle zabdoM kA cayana bhI jarUrI hai | mahAkavi haricandra ne isa kAvya meM zabda aura atha donoM ko bar3I sundaratA ke sAtha sajoyA hai / kavi ne svayaM likhA hai ki kavi ke hRdaya meM bhale hI sundara artha vidyamAna rahe, parantu yogya zabdoM ke binA vaha racanA meM catura nahI ho sakatA / jaise kuttA ko gahare pAnI me bhI khar3A kara diyA jAya to bhI vaha jaba pAnI pIyegA tatra jIbha se hI cATa cATa kara pIyegA / anya prakAra se use pInA nahI AtA / yathA hRdisthe'pikavi na kazcinni granthigogumpha vicakSaNaH syAt / jihvAJcalasparzamapAsya paraMtu zvA nAnyathAmbho ghanamadhyavaiti // 14 sundara zabda se rahita zabdAvalI bhI vidvAnoM ke mana ko Anandita nahIM kara sktii| jisa prakAra thUvarase bharatI huI dugdha kI dhArA nayanAbhirAma hone para bhI manuSyoM ke liye rucikara nahI hotI / hRdyArthavandhyA para bandhurApi vANIbudhAnAM na mano dhinoti // na rocate locana vallabhApi snuhI, kSaratkSIrasarinnarebhyaH / / 15 kavi kahatA hai ki zabda aura artha se paripUrNa vANI hI vAstava meM vANI hai, ora vaha bar3e puNya se kisI virale kavi ko hI prApta hotI hai / candramA ko chor3a kara anya kisI kI kiraNa andhakAra kI vinAzaka aura amRta bharAne vAlI nahI hai / sUrya kI kiraNeM kevala andhakAra kI nAzaka hai, kintu bhISaNa AtApa ko bhI kAraNa hai / yadyapi maNi kiraNe pratApajanaka nahI hai, kintu unameM sarvatra vyApta andhakAra ko dUra karane kI kSamatA nahI hai / yaha ubhaya kSamatA vidhicandra kiraNa meM hI upalabdha hotI hai / vANI bhavetkasyacideva puNyaH zabdArtha sandarbha vizeSagarbhA / indu vinA nyasya na dRzyate yuttamodhunAnA ca sudhAdhunIva // 16 mahAkavi haricandra ke isa mahAkAvya meM ve samasta lakSaNa pAye jAte hai jina guNoM kI zAstrakAra kAvya meM sthiti Avazyaka batalAte haiM / isa carita grantha meM mahanIyatA ke sAtha camatkAroM kA varNana pUrNatayA samAviSTa huA hai / maMgala stavana ke pazcAt sajjana- durjana varNana, jambUdvIpa, sumeru parvata, bhAratavarSa, AryAvarta, ratnapuranagara, rAjA, muni varNana, upadeza, zravaNa, dAmpatyasukha, putra prApti, bAlya jIvana, yuvarAja avasthA, vindhyAcala, SaTRtu, puSpAvacaya, jalakrIr3A, sandhyA, andhakAra, candrodaya, nAyikA prasAdhana, pAnagoSThI, ratikrIr3A, prabhAta, svayaMvara, vivAha, yuddha, aura vairAgya Adi kA vividha upamAnoM dvArA sarama aura sAlakAra kathana diyA hai / kavi ne dharmanAtha tIrthakara ke caritra ko sAhityika dRSTi se gauravazAlI banAyA hai / kavi ne dharmanAtha kA jIvana-paricaya guNabhadrAcArya ke uttara purANa se liyA hai / kavi ne svayaM likhA hai ki jo rasarUpa aura dhvani ke mArga kA mukhya sArthavAha thA, aise mahAkavi ne vidvAnoM ke liye amRtarasake pravAha ke samAna yaha dharmazarmAbhyudaya nAmakA mahA kAvya banAyA hai: sakarNa pIyUSarasapravAhaM rasadhvaneradhvani sArthavAhaH / zrI dharmazarmAbhyudayAvidhAnaM mahAkaviH kAvyamidaM vyadhatta // - prazasti padya 7 dharmazarmAbhyudaya meM 21 sarga aura 1865 zloka hai jinameM kavi ne 15ve tIrthakara dharmanAtha kA pAvana carita kAvya dRSTi se aMkita kiyA hai| kAvya meM likhA hai ki dharmanAtha mahAsena aura suvratA rAnI ke putra the / unakA 1. tiloya paNNattI me dharmanAthatIrthaMkara ko bhAnu narendra aura suvratArAnI kA putra batalAyA hai| rayaNapure dhammajiraNo bhAggaragarideNa suvvadAraNa ||

Page #353
nyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya janma mAgha zuklA trayodazI ke dina pUSpa nakSatra meM hayA thaa| ve janma se hI tIna jJAna ke dhAraka the| ve bar3e bhAgyazAlI paura puNyAtmA the| eka hajAra ATha lakSaNoM ke dhAraka the| unake garbha meM Ane se pUrva hI janma samayataka kubera ne 15 mAsa taka ratnavaSTi kI, usame nagara jana-dhana me sampanna ho gayA thaa| usakI mamaddhi aura zobhA dviguNita ho gaI thii| indrAdika devoM ne unakA janmotsava manAyA / vAlaka kA zarIra dina para dina vRddhi karatA huA yuvAvasthA ko prApta hamA / unhoMne pAMca lAkha varSa taka sAMsArika sukhoM kA upabhoga kiyaa| eka dina ulkApAta ko dekha kara unheM deha-bhogoM se virakti ho gii| unhoMne saMsAra kI asAratA kA anubhava kiyA aura nizcaya kiyA ki yaha jIvana bijalI kI caMcala taraMgoM ke samAna asthira hai, vinAzIka hai| yaha zarIra carmarUpI cAdara ke dvArA DhakA harA hone se mUndara pratIta hotA hai| parantu yaha malamUtra se bharA hanA hai, durgandhita evaM apavitra hai| carvI majjA ora madhira me paMkila hai| yaha karmarUpI cANDAla ke rahane kA ghara hai, jisase durgandha nikalatI rahatI hai| me ghaNita garIra me kauna buddhimAna gaga karegA ? maiM tapazcaraNa dvArA karma rUpI samasta pApoM ko naSTa karane kA prayatna kruuNgaa| bhagavAna aimA cintavana kara hI rahe the ki laukAntika deva Agaye / aura unhoMne bhagavAna ke vaigagya ko praSTa kiyA, aura kahA ki jo Apane vicAra kiyA hai vaha thepTha hai / unhoMne putra ko rAjya bhAra dekara indroM dvArA uThAI gaI zivikA meM prArUr3ha ho mAlavana kI ora prasthAna kiyA, aura vahA~ belA kA niyama lekara paMca mUTriyoM se kezoM kA loca kara ddaalaa| aora mAgha zuklA trayodazI ko puppa nakSatra meM eka hajAra rAjAoM ke sAtha vastrAbhUpaNoM kA parityAga kara digambara mudrA dhAraNa kii'| bhagavAna dharmanAtha ne pATaliputra ke gajA dhanyagena ke ghara hastapAtra meM kSIganta kI pAraNA kI taba devoM ne paMcAzcarya kI vRSTi kii| aura phira bana meM nAmAgra dRSTi ho kAyAtmaga meM sthita ho ge| unhoMne kaThora tapazcaraNa dArA teraha prakAra ke cAritra kA anuSThAna kiyA aura mana-vacana kAyarUpa guptiyoM kA pAlana karate hae unhoMne saminirUpI argalAyoM se apane ko saMrakSita kiyaa| unakI daSTi nindA prazaMmA meM, zatra-mitra meM aura taNa kAJcana meM samAna thii| unhoMne bar3I kaThinAI se pakane yogya karmampI latAoM ke phaloM ko antarvAhya rUpa tapazcaraNoM kI vAlA se pakAyA aura ve prazaMsanIya tapasvI ho ge| ve vyAmoha rahita the, nirmada nipparigraha, nirbhaya aura nirmama the| isa taraha ve chadmastha avasthA meM eka varSa taka ghora tapa kA prAcaraNa karate hue dIkSA vana meM pahuMce, aura saptaparNa vakSa ke nIce sthita ho zukla dhyAna kA avalambanakara sthita hue| unhoMne mAgha mAsa kI pUrNimA ke dina ghAti karma kA nAza kara kevalajJAna prApta kiyaa| indrAdika devoMne pAkara unake kevala jJAna kalyANaka kI pUjA kI / bhagavAna janAtha ne divya dhvani dvArA jagata kA kalyANa karane vAlA upadeza diyaa| aura vividha dezoM, nagaroM meM vihAra kara loka kalyANa kArI dharma kA prasAra kiyA-janatA ko sanmArga meM lagAyA / anta meM saMgha sahita sammedAcala para pahu~ce, vahA~ caitra zuklA caturthI ko 806 muniyoM ke sAtha sAde vAha lAgba varSa pramANa Ayu kA aura avaziSTa praghAti karmoM kA vinAzakara siddha pada ko prApta kiyA / yathA tatrAsAdya sitAMzubhogasubhagAM caitre caturthI tithi, yAminyAM sa navottara ryamavatAM sAka zataraSTabhiH / sAdhaM dvAdazabarSalakSaparamA ramyAyuSaH prakSaye, dhyAnadhvasta samastakarma nigalo jAtastadAnI kSaNAt / / 184 isa taraha yaha kAvya grantha apanI mAnI nahIM rakhatA, bar3A hI mahatvapUrNa manohara aura hRdayAgrahI kAvya hai| 1 prAleyAzI pupya maMtrI prayAne mAghe zuklA yA trayodazya nindyA / dharmastasyAmAttadIkSo'pagaha jAtaH kSoNIbhatsahastreNa sArdham / / 31 -dharmazarmAbhyudaya 20-31 2 chadmastho'sau varSamekaM vihRtya prApto dIkSAkAnanaM zAlaramyam / devo mUle saptaparNa dramasya dhyAnaM zuklaM samyagAlamba tasthau / / 56 mAghe mAme pUrNamAsyAM sa puSye kRtvA dharmo dyAti karmavyapAyam / utpAdAntadhrauvyavastusvabhAvobhAsijJAnaM kevalaM sa prapede / / 57

Page #354
320 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 racanAkAla mahAkavi haricandra ne dharmazarmAbhyudAya meM usakA racanAkAla nahIM diyaa| isase usake racanAkAla ke nizcita karane meM bar3I kaThinAI ho rahI hai| dharmazarmAbhyudaya ko sabase purAtana pratilipi saM0 1287 san 1230 I0) kI saMdhavI pAr3A pustaka bhaNDAra pATaNa meM upalabdha hai| usa prati ke anta meM likhA hai ki-"1287 varSe haricandra kavi viracita dharmazarmAbhyudayakAvya pustikAzrIratnAkaramUrimAdegenakoticaMdragaNinA likhita miti bhadram // " isase itanA to spaSTa hai ki dharmazarmAbhyudaya san 1230 ke pUrva kI racanA hai, usake bAda kI nhiiN| paM0 kailAzacandrajI zAstrI ne anekAnta varSa 8 kiraNa 10-11 meM vIranandI prAcArya ke candraprabha carita ke sAtha dharmazarmAbhyudaya kI tulanA dvArA donoM kI atyadhika samAnatA batalAI thI, para unameM sAhityika RNa nahIM hai| kintu haricandra ke sAmane candraprabha jarUra rahA hai| candraprabha carita kI racanA saM0 1016 ke lagabhaga huI hai| kyoMki vIranandI abhayanandI ke ziSya the| aura gommaTasAra ke kartA nemicandra si0 cakravartI bhI abhayanandI ke ziSya the / kintu vIranandI aura indranandI nemicandra ke jyeSTha guru bhAI the| cAmuNDarAya usa samaya vidyamAna the aura gomTasAra kI racanA unake praznAnusAra huI thii| cAmuNDarAya ne apanA pugaNa zaka saM0 600 (vi0saM0 1035) meM banAkara samApta kiyA thaa| ata: prastuta dharmagarmAbhyudaya 11vIM zatAbdI kI racanA hai| vahAM yaha bhI vicarANIya hai ki neminirvANa kAvya aura dharmazarmAbhyudaya donoM meM eka dUsare kA prabhAva parilakSita hai| aura neminirvANa kAvya ke aneka padyakavi vAgbhaTa ne vAgbhaTTAlaMkAra meM uddhata kiye hai| vAgbhaTTAlaMkAra kA racanA kAla vi0 sa0 1155 se 1167 ke madhya kA hai| ata: neminirvANa kAvya kI racanA vAgbhaTTAlaMkAra se pUrvavartI hai| arthAt vaha vikrama kI 11 zatAbdI ke madhyakAla kI racanA hai| kavi kI dUsarI kRti jIbaMdharacampU hai / yaha gadya-padyamaya campU kAvya hai isameM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samakAlIna hone vAle rAjA jIvaMdhara kA pAvana carita aMkita kiyA gayA hai / jIvaMdhara campU ke isa kathAnaka kA AdhAra vAdIbha siMha kI kSatracUr3AmaNi aura gadyacittAmaNi hai / yaha campU kAvya sarasa aura sundara hai| racanA prauDha aura sAlaMkAra hai| kSatra cuDAmaNi ke samAna hI isameM 11 lamba haiM / kavi grantha racanA meM atyanta kuzala hai usakI komala kAnta padAvalI rasa aura alaMkAra kI pUTane use atyanta ArkaSaka banA diyA hai| isameM kavi kI naisargika pratibhA kA alaukika catmakAra dRSTigata hone lagatA hai ka catmakAra dapTigata hone lagatA hai| racanA sauSThava to dekhate hI banatA hai| isakI racanA kaba huI isakA nizcaya karanA sahaja nahI hai / grantha mahatvapUrNa hai| yaha grantha paM0 pannAlAla jI sAhityAcArya kI saMskRta aura hindA TIkA ke sAtha bhAratIyajJAna pITha se prakAzita ho cakA hai| brahmadeva brahmadeva ne apanA koI paricaya nahI diyA, aura na apanI TIkAmoM meM apanI gUru paramparA kA hI ullekha kiyA hai / isase unakI jIvana-ghaTanAoM kA paricaya denA zakya nahIM hai| brahmadeva kI do TIkAeM upalabdha haiM / vRha dravya saMgraha TIkA aura paramAtma prakAza ttiikaa| vRhadravya saMgraha vatti kA utthAnikA vAkya isa prakAra hai "pratha mAlavadeze dhArA nAma nagarAdhipati rAjAbhojadevAbhidhAnakalikAlacakravartI sambandhina: zrIpAla mahAmaNDalezvarasya samvandhinyAzramanAmanagare zrI munivrata tIrthakara caityAlaye zuddhAtma dravya saMvitti samutpanna sukhAmRtarasAsvAdaviparItanArakAdi duHkha bhayabhItasya paramAtmabhAvanotpanna sukhasudhArasa piyAsitasya bhedAbheda ratnatraya bhAvanA priyasya bhavyavarapaNDarIkasya bhANDAgArAdyanekaniyogadhikArisomAbhidhAna rAjazreSThino nimittaM zrI nemicandra siddhAnta devaH pUrva SaDaviMzati gAthA bhilaghu dravyasaMgrahaM kRtvA pazcAdvizeSatatvaparijJAnArtha viracitasya dravya saMgrahasyAdhikAra zuddhi pUrvakatvena vyAlyAvRttiH praarbhyte|" utthAnikA kI ina paMktiyoM meM batalAyA gayA hai ki dravya saMgraha grantha pahale 26 gAthA ke laghurUpa meM nemicandra siddhAnta deva ke dvArA 'soma' nAmaka rAjazreSThi ke nimitta prAzrama nAmaka nagara ke muni suvrata caityAlaya meM racA

Page #355
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya gayA thA / pazcAt vizeSa tattva ke parijJAnArtha unhIM nemicadra ke dvAga dravya saMgraha kI racanA huI hai| usakI adhikAroM ke vibhAjana pUrvaka yaha vyAkhyA yA batti prArambha kI jAtI hai| sAtha meM yaha bhI sUcita kiyA hai ki usa samaya pAzrama nAmakA yaha nagara zrIpAla mahAmaNDalezvara (prAntIya zAsaka) ke adhikAra meM thaa| aura soma nAma kA rAjazreSThI bhANDAgAra (koSa) Adi aneka niyogoM kA adhikArI hone ke sAtha-sAtha tattvajJAna rUpa sudhArasa kA pipAsU thaa| vattikAra ne use 'bhavyavarapuNDarIka' vizepaNa me ullekhita kiyA hai, jisase vaha usa samaya ke bhavya puruSoM meM zreSTha thaa| brahmadeva pAzrama nAma ke nagara meM nivAsa karate the| jise vartamAna meM kezorAya pATana ke nAma se pukArate haiN| yaha sthAna mAlava deza meM cambala nadI ke kinAre koTA se 6 mIla dUra aura baMdI me tIna mIla dUra avasthita hai| jo prassAramma paTTaNa ' prAthama pattana, patnana, puTa bhedana, kezorAya pATana aura pATana nAma se prasiddha hai / yaha sthAna paramAravaMzI rAjAoM ke rAjyakAla meM rahA hai| carmaNavatI (cambala) nadI koTA aura baMdI ko sImA kA vibhAjana karatI hai| isa cambala nadI ke kinAre bane hA munisuvratanAtha ke caityAlaya meM jo, usa samaya eka tIrtha sthAna ke rUpa meM prasiddha thA / aura vahAM aneka dezoM ke yAtrIgaNa dharmalAbhArtha pahuMcate the| 'momarAjathepThI bhI vahAM pAkara tattvacarcA kA rasa letA thaa| vaha sthAna usa samaya paThana-pAThana aura tattva carcA kA kendra banA hayA thaa| usa caityAlaya meM bIsaveM tIrthakara muni suvratanAtha kI zyAmavarNa kI mAnava ke Adamakada me kucha UMcI sAtizaya mUrti virAjamAna hai / yaha mandira prAja bhI usI avasthA meM maujUda hai / isameM zyAmavarNa kI do matiyA~ aura bhI virAjamAna haiN| sarakArI riporTa meM ise 'bhuIdevarA' ke nAma se ullekhita kiyA gayA hai| vikrama kI 13 vI zatAbdI ke vidvAna muni madanakIti ne apanI zAsana catustrizatikA ke 28veM padya meM prAthama nagara kI munisuvrata-sambandhi aitihAsika ghaTanA kA ullekha kiyA hai pUrva yA''zramamAjagAma saritA nAthAstudivyA shilaa| tasyAM devAgaNAn dvijasya dadhatastasthau jineza: svayaM / kopAta viprajanAvarodhanakara devaH prapUjyAmbara / daghra yo munisuvataH sa jayatAta digvAsasAM zAsanam // 28 // isameM batalAyA gayA hai ki jo divya zilA saritA me pahale prAzrama ko prApta hii| usa para devagaNoM ko dhAraNa karane vAle vinoM ke dvArA zrodha vaza avarodha hone para bhI mUnisuvrata jina svayaM usa para sthita hae -vahAM se phira nahIM htte| aura devoM dvArA AkAza meM pUjita hA ve munisuvrata jina ! digambaroM ke zAsana kI jaya kreN| Azrama nagara kI yaha aitihAsika ghaTanA usake tIthaM bhUmi hone kA spaSTa pramANa hai| isIse nirvANa kANDa kI gAthA meM usakA ullekha huA hai / yaha ghaTanA 13vIM zatAbdI meM bahuta pUrva ghaTita huI hai / aura brahmadeva jaise TIkAkAra, somarAja thepThI aura muni nemicandra jaise saiddhAntika vidvAna vahA~ tattvacarcA goSThI meM zAmila rahe haiN| dravya saMgraha kI vatti meM brahmadeva ne 'atrAha-somAbhidhAna rAjatheSThI' jaise vAkyoM dvArA TIkAgata praznottaroM kA sambandha vyakta kiyA hai| kyoMki nAmollekhapUrvaka praznottara binA samakSatA ke nahIM ho sakate / sUna manAkara aisA praznottara likhane kA rivAja mere avalokana meM nahIM paayaa| brahmadeva kA ukta ghaTanA nirdeza aura lekhana zailI ghaTanA kI sAkSI ko prakaTa karatI hai| aura ukta tInoM vyaktiyoM kI sAnidhyatA kA spaSTa udaghopa karatI hai| vattikAra brahmadeva ne usI prAthama pattana ke munisuvrata caityAlaya meM adhyAtmarasa gabhita dravya saMgraha kI mahatvapUrNa vyAkhyA kI hai| brahmadeva adhyAtmarasa ke jJAtA the| aura prAkRta saMskRta tathA apabhraMza bhASA ke vidvAna the| soma nAma ke rAjazreSThI, jisake liye mUla grantha aura vRtti likhI gaI, adhyAtmarasa kA rasika thaa| kyoMki vaha zAdAtmadravya kI saMvitti se utpanna hone vAle sukhAmRta ke svAda se viparIta nArakAdi du:khoM se bhayabhIta, tathA paramAtmA kI bhAvanA se utpanna hone vAle sudhArasa kA pipAsu thA, aura bhedAbhedarUpa ratnatraya (vyavahAra tathA 1. assAramme paTTaNi muNisuvvayajiNaM ca vadAmi / nirvANa kANDa, muNisuvva ujiNu taha Asarammi / nirmANa bhakti

Page #356
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 322 nizcaya ratnatraya) kI bhAvanA kA premI thaa| ye tInoM hI vivekI jana samakAlIna aura usa prathama sthAna meM baiThakara tattvacarcA meM rasa lene vAle the| uparokta ghaTanA-krama dhArAdhipati rAjA bhoja ke rAjyakAla meM ghaTita hamA hai| bhojadeva kA rAjyakAla saM0 1070 se 1110 taka rahA hai| dravyasaMgraha aura usako vRtti usake rAjyakAla meM racI gaI hai| ___ mUla dravya saMgraha 58 gAthAtmaka hai| usameM jIva ajIva, dharma, adharma AkAza aura kAla ina cha: dravyoM kA samUha nidiSTa hai| isa kRti kA nirmANa prAcArya kanda ke pacAstikAya prAbhUta se anuprANita hai usI kA dohana rUpa sAra usameM saMkSipta rUpa meM aMkita hai| vRttikAra ne mUla grantha ke bhAvoM kA udaghATana karate hae jo vizeSa kathana diyA hai aura use granthAntaroM ke pramANoM ke uddharaNoM me dvArA pUSTa kiyA hai / TIkA meM adhyAtma kI joradAra pUTa akita hai| usame TIkA kevala paThanIya hI nahIM kintu mananIya bhI ho gaI hai| ora svAdhyAya premiyo ke liye atyanta upayogI hai| vatti meM somarAja zreSThI ke do praznoM kA uttara nAmollekha ke sAtha diyA gayA hai| yadi TIkAkAra samakSa somarAja zreSThI na hote to unakA nAma liye binA ho praznoM kA uttara diyA jaataa| caM ki ve usa samaya vidyamAna the, isI meM unakA nAma lekara zakA samAdhAna kiyA gayA hai| pAThakoM kI jAnakArI ke liye usakA eka namUnA nIce diyA jAtA hai : somarAja zreSThI prazna karatA hai ki he bhagavan ! kevalajJAna ke ananta ve bhAga pramANa prAkAza dravya hai aura usa AkAza ke anantave bhAgameM sabake bIca meM loka hai, vaha loka kAla kI dRSTi se aAdi anta rahita hai, vaha kisI kA banAyA hA nahI hai| prora na kabhI kisI ne naSTa kiyA hai, kisI ne use na dhAraNa kiyA hai, aura na koI usakA rakSaka hI hai| loka asaMnyAta pradezI hai| usa asaMkhyAta pradezI loka meM ananta jIva ora unase anantaguNe pUdagala paramANa, lokAkAza pramANa kAlANa, dharma tathA adharma dravya kaise rahate haiM ? isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna karate hae brahma deva ne kahA hai ki jisa taraha eka dopaka ke prakAza meM aneka dIpakoM kA prakAza samA jAtA hai, athavA eka gUDha rasa bhare hue zoge ke bartana meM bahuta sA suvarNa samA jAtA hai / athavA bhasma se bhare hue ghaTa meM suI aura UTanI kA dUdha samA jAtA hai / usI taraha viziSTa avagAhana zakti ke kAraNa asaMkhyAta pradeza bAle loka meM jIva padagalAdika samA jAte haiN| isameM koI virodha nahIM paataa| yaha praznottara unake sAkSAtakAritva kA saMsUcaka hai hii| brahmadeva kI vRtti ke kAraNa dravya saMgraha kI mahattA bar3ha gaI, unhoMne usakI vizada byAkhyA dvArA cAra cAMda lagA diye / ataH dravyasaMgraha kI yaha TIkA mahatva pUrNa hai| paramAtma prakAza TIkA-paramAtma prakAza kI brahmadeva ko yaha TokA jahAM dohoM kA sAmAnya artha prakaTa karatI hai, vahA vaha dohoM kA kevala artha hI prakaTa nahIM karatI balki unake anta: rahasya kA bhI uddhAvana karatI hai| brahmadeva ne yogIndradeva kI adhyAtmika kRti kA nizcaya ko dRSTi se kathana kiyA hai| kintu paramAtma prakAza kI yaha TIkA dravyasaMgraha kI TIkA ke samAna kaThina nahIM hai / TIkAkAra sarala zabdoM meM usakA rocaka varNana karate haiM, aura use granthAntaroM ke udAharaNoM me puSTa bhI karate haiN| yaha saca hai ki yadi paramAtma prakAza para brahmadeva kI yaha vRtti na hotI to vaha itanA prasiddha nahI ho sakatA thaa| brahmadeva kI yaha TIkA usako vizeSa khyAti kA kAraNa hai / TIkA ke anta meM TIkAkAra ne likhA hai ki isa TIkA kA adhyayana kara bhavya jIvoM ko vicAra karanA cAhiye ki maiM zuddha jJAnAnanda svabhAva nirvikalpa hUM, udAsIna hUM, nijAnanda niraMjana zuddhAtma samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritra rUpa nizcaya ratnatrayamayI nirvikalpa samAdhi se utpanna vItarAga sahajAnandarUpa AtmAnubhuti mAtra svasaM vedana jJAna se gamya haiN| anya upAyoM se nhiiN| aura nirvikalpa niraMjana jJAna dvArA hI merI prApti hai, rAga, dveSa, moha krodha mAna, mAyA, lobha, paMcendriyoM ke viSaya, dravya karma, no karma, bhAva karma, khyAti lAbha pUjA, dekhe sune aura anubhava kiye bhogoM kI vAMchA rUpa nidAnAdi zalyatraya ke prapaMcoMse rahita haM tIna loka tIna kAla meM mana vacana kAya, kRna, kArita manumodanAkara zuddha nizcaya se maiM aisA prAtmArAma huuN| yaha bhAvanA mumukSa jIvoM ke liye bahuta upayogI hai| isakA nirantara manana karanA Avazyaka hai|

Page #357
gyArahavI aura bArahavI zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 323 racanA kAla brahmadeva ne apanI TIkAo me unakA racanA kAla nahI diyA, aora na apanI guruparamparA kA hI ullekha kiyA hai| isame TIkAgro ke racanA kAla ke nirNaya karane meM kaThinAI ho rahI hai| dravyasaMgraha kI sabase purAnana pratilipi ma02416 kI likhI haI jayapara ke Tholiyo ke mandira ke zAstrabhaMDAra meM upalabdha hai, jo yoginIpUra dillI meM phIrojagAha tugalaka ke rAjya kAla me agravAla vagI bharahapAla ne likhavAI thii| isameM itanA nI spaSTa ki ukta TAkAma0 1416 me vAda kI nahI hai kintu pUrvavartI he| kyoki isakA nirmANa dhArA nagarI ke gajA bhoja ke gajyakAla meM harA hai| rAjA bhAja kA rAjya kAla ma0 1070 me 1110 taka rahA hai / ma0 1076 grAra 1076 ke usake do dAna patra bhI mile hai| isame dravya magraha kI TIkA vikrama kI 11 vI zatAbdI ke upAntya pora 10 vI ke prArambha me racI gaI hai| yahI niSkarSa TIkA meM udadhata granthAntaro ke avataraNo meM bhI spaSTa hotA hai| dAno TIkAgro meM amatacandra, gamiha amitagati prathama cAmuNDagaya, DaDDhA pora prabhAcandra Adi ke grathoM ke avataraNa milate hai, jo vikrama kI 10 vI pAra gyArahavI zatAbdI ke vidvAna hai| isase bhI brahmadeva kI TIkAno kA vahI samaya nizcita hotA hai, jisakA ulle gva Upara kiyA gayA hai| ataH brahmadeva kA samaya 11 vI zatAbdI kA upAnya pora :- vo kA prArambhika bhAga hai| tribhuvanacandra mUlamagha nandimagha balAtkAra gaNa ke vidvAna the guru paramparA meM vardhamAna, vidyAnanda, mANikyanandi, guNakIrti, vimalacandra, guNacandra, abhaya nandi, makalacandra, gaNDavimakta pAra tribhavanacandra ke nAma diye hai| dhAravADa jile ke praSNigera mAra gAvaravADa grAmo meM prApta dA vistRta zilAlekha miohai| uname kalyANI ke cAlukya rAjA somezvara (dvitIya) ke samaya me gana0 1070-71 meM mUlamagha nandimagha balAtkAra gaNa ka prAcArya tribhuvanacandra ko dAna diye jAne kA varNana hai| yaha dAna gaga rAjA bUtuga (dvitIya) dvArA aNNigere meM nirmita gagapemADi jinAlaya ke liye diyA gayA thaa| cola rAjAno ke AkramaNa me prApta kSati ko dUra kara puna: yaha dAna diyA thaa| ataeva tribhavana candra kA samaya IsA kI 11 vI zatAbdI kA uttarArdha hai| epigrAphiyA DikA bhA0 15 pR0 337 rAmasena prastata rAmamena malamagha, menagaNa ora pogarigaccha ke vidvAna gUNabhadra vratIndra ke ziSya the| inheM pratikaNTha sigayyane apane zAsaka vammadava kA prArthanA patra dekara tribhuvana malla deva se cAlukya vikrama varSa 2 san 1077 I. meM cAlakya gaga peniDi jinAlaya kI, jina pUjA abhiSeka aura RSi pAhAradAnAdi ke liye gAva kA dAna diyA gayA thaa| ataH ina rAmasena kA samaya ImA kI 11 vI zatAbdI hai| - - - - - dayApAla muni munidayApAla 2 draviDa maghagtha nandi sagha agalAnvaya ke vidvAna the| inake gurukA nAma matisAgara thaa| 1mavata 1416 vA bhAvamudI 13 gagai dine zrImadyoginI pure makala rAjya zigemukuTa mAriNakya marIcikRta caraNa kamala pAdapIThamya zrIgat pegejamAhe makalamAmrAugadhugavibhrAgaNamya samaye vartamAne zrI kundakundAcAryAnvaye mUlasagha marasvatI gacche balAtkAra garage bhaTTAraka ratnakIti taruNa tAriNatvamurvIrvANa zrI prabhAcandrANA tamya ziSya brahmanAtha paThanArtha anotkAnvaye gohila gotre bhagthala vAstavya parama thAvana sAdhu mAu bhAryA vIge tayo putra sAdhu Udhasa bhAryA bAlahI tasya putra kuladhara bhAryA pANadhahI tasya putra bharahapAla bhAryA lodhAhI zrI bharahapAla likhApita karmakSayArtha / kanakadeva paDita likhatam zubhaM bhavatu / 2. hita piNA yamya naggAmudAttavAcA nibaddhAhita-rUpasiddhiH / vadyo dayApAla muniH savAcA siddhamsatAmUI ni ya: prabhAva / -zravaNavelagola 54 vA zilA lekha

Page #358
324 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 yaha kanakasenake ziSya aura vAdirAja ke sadharmA gurubhAI the| inakI rUpa siddhi nAmakI eka choTI-sI racanA hai / " cUMki vAdirAja ne pArzvanAtha caritra kI racanA zaka saM0 947 ( vi0 saM0 1080) meM kI hai / ataH yahI samaya dayApAla muni kA hai / yaha racanA prakAzita ho cukI hai / jayasena prastuta jayasena lADa bAgaDasaMgha ke vidvAna the / yaha guNI, dharmAtmA zamI bhAvasenasUri ke ziSya the / jo samasta janatA ke liye Ananda janaka the / jaisA ki unake sakala janAnanda janakaH' vAkya se prakaTa hai| isI lADa bAgaDa saMgha ke vidvAna narendrasena ne siddhAntasAra kI prazasti meM bhAvasena ke ziSya jayasena ko taparUpI lakSmI ke dvArA pApasamUha kA nAzaka, satta vidyArNava ke pAradarzI aura dayAlunoM ke vizvAsa pAtra batalAyA hai, jaisA ki siddhAntasAra prazasti ke nimna padya se spaSTa hai : ravyAtastataH zrIjayasenanAmA jAtastapaH yaH satarka vidyArNavapAradRzvA vizvAsagehaM zrIkSataduH kRtaughaH / karuNAspadAnAM || inhoMne dharma ratnAkara' nAma ke grantha kI racanA kI hai, jo eka saMgraha grantha hai / isa grantha kA prati pAdya viSaya gRhastha dharma hai, jo pratyeka gRhastha dvArA grAcaraNa karane yogya hai / grantha meM gRhasthoM ke aNuvrata, guNavrata aura zikSAvrata rUpa dvAdazavratoM ke anuSThAnakA vistRta vivecana diyA huA hai / grantha me bIsa prakaraNa yA adhyAya haiN| jinameM vivecita vastu ko dekhane aura manana karane me ume dharma kA sad ratnA kara athavA dharmaratnA kara kahane meM koI atyukti mAlUma nahIM hotI / vaha usakA sArthaka nAma jAna par3atA hai / grantha meM kavi ne amRtacandrAcArya ke puruSArtha siddhayupAya, guNabhadrAcArya ke AtmAnuzAsana aura yazastilaka campU Adi granthoM ke padyoM ko saMkalita kiyA hai| isase yaha eka saMgraha grantha mAlUma hotA hai / jise grantha kArane apane aura dUsare granthoM ke padya vAkya rUpa kusunoM kA saMgraha karake mAlA kI taraha racA hai / grantha kartA ne svayaM isa kI sUcanA grantha ke antima padya 60 meM - " ityetairupanIta vicitra racanaiH svaranyadIyaM rapi / bhUtodya guNaistathApi racitA mAleva se yaM kRtiH"| vAkya dvArA kI hai / jayasena ne apanI guruparamparA kA nimna rUpa meM ullekha kiyA hai| dharmasena, zAntiSeNa, gopasena, bhAvasena aura jayasena / ye saba muni ukta lADavAgaDa sagha ke the| jayasena ne dharmaratnAkara kI racanA kA ullekha nimna prakAra kiyA hai : vANendriya vyomasoma - mite saMvatsare zubhe / grantho'yaM siddhatAM yAta sakalI karahATake || isase prastuta yamena kA samaya vikrama kI 11 vIM zatAbdI kA madhya kAla hai / bAhubali zrAvArya yaha mUlasaMgha, dezIyagaNa, pustakagaccha kundakundAnvaya ke vidvAna indranandi ke ziSya the / hana gunda ( bIjApura maisUra) ke 11 vI zatAbdI ke uttarArdha ke zilAlekha meM inake dvArA eka jainamandira banavAne aura usamaMdira ke liye kucha bhUmi dAna dene kA ullekha hai inakA samaya vikrama kI 11vIM sadI kA uttarArdha I ?........ kanakasena bhaTTArakavarazipyara zabdAnuzAsanakke prakriyeyendu rUpasiddhiya mADida dayApAladevarU puSpaSeNa middhAntadevarUm zabdAnuzAsana syoccaira rUpasiddhirmahAtmanA / kRtA yena sa bAbhAti dayApAlo munIzvaraH / - jainalekhasaM0 bhA0 2 pR0 265 - jaina lekhasaM0 bhA0 2 pR0 308

Page #359
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, prAcArya 325 mAdhavacandra vidya prastuta mAdhavacandra nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI ke pradhAna ziSya the| prAkRta saMskRta bhASA ke sAtha siddhAnta vyAkaraNa aura nyAya zAstra ke vidvAn the| isI se vidya kahalAte the| inhoMne apane guru nemicandra kI sammati se trilokasAra meM kucha gAthAeM yatra-tatra niviSTa kI haiM jaisA ki unako nimna gAthA se spaSTa hai : guruNe micandasammada kadivayagAhA tahi tahi raiyA / / mAhavacanda tivijjeNiya maNasadaNijja majjehiM / / trilokasAra kI gAthA saMkhyA 1018 hai| mAdhavacandra vidya ne usa para saMskRta TIkA likhI hai| yaha grantha saMskRta TIkA ke sAtha mANika candra granthamAlA se prakAzita ho cakA hai, parantu bahata dinoM se aprApya hai| TIkAkAra ne likhA hai ki gommaTasAra kI taraha isa grantha kA nirmANa bhI pradhAnataH cAmuNDarAya ko lakSya karake unake prabodhArtha racA hai| aura isa bAta ko mAdhavacandra jI ne apanI TIkA ke prArambha meM vyakta kiyA hai| 'zrImada pratihatA pratima niHpratipakSaniSkaraNa bhagavannemicandra saiddhAntadevazcaturanuyogacaturudadhipAragazcAmuNDarAya pratibodhanavyAjana azeSavineyajanaprativodhanArtha trilokamAranAmAnaM granthamAracayana" vAkyA dvArA spaSTa kiyA hai| TIkAkAra ne TIkA kA racanA samaya nahIM diyaa| phira bhI cAmuNDarAya ke samaya ke kAraNa inakA samaya san 178 vi0 saM0 1035 nizcita hai| isa trilokasAra grantha kI paM0 ToDara mala jI ne sa 1818 meM hindI TIkA banAI haiM jisameM unhoMne gaNita kI saMdaSTiyoM kA bhI acchA paricaya diyA hai, jisakA unhoMne bAda meM saMzodhana bhI kiyA hai| mAdhava candra vidya cAmuNDarAya ke samakAlIna hai / ataH inakA samaya vikrama kI 11 voM zatAbdI kA madhyabhAga hai| padmanandI prastuta padmanandi vIranandI ke ziSya the / jo mUlasaMgha dezIya gaNa ke vidvAn the| padmanando ne apane guru kA nAma 'dAna paJcAzat' ke nimna padya meM vyakta kiyA hai, aura batalAyA hai ki ratnatrayarUpa AbharaNa se vibhUSita zrI vIranandI munirAja ke ubhaya caraNa kamaloM ke smaraNa se utpanna hae prabhAva ko dhAraNa karane vAle zrI padmanandI mani ne lalita vargoM ke samUha se saMyukta bAvana padyoM kA yaha dAna prakaraNa racA hai : ratnatrayAbharaNavIramunIndrapAda padmadvayasmaraNasaMjanitaprabhAvaH / zrI padmanandimunirAzritayugmadAna paccAzataM lalitavarNa cayaM cakAra / / grantha kartA ne aura bhI do prakaraNoM meM vIranandI kA smaraNa kiyA hai| yaha vIranandI ve jJAta hote haiN| jo meghacandra travidya ke ziSya the| meSacandra vidyadeva ke do ziSya the. prabhAcandra aura viirnndii| unameM prabhAcandra pAgama ke acche jJAtA the aura vIranando saiddhAntika vidvAna the| vIranandI ne prAcAra sAra aura usakI anar3I TIkA zaka sa0 1076 (vi0 saM0 1241) meM banAI thii| inake garu meghacanda vidya kA svargavAsa zaka maM01037 (vi0 saM0 1172) meM huA thA / ataeva ina vIranandI kA samaya saM0 1112 se 1212 taka hai / saM0 1211 ke bAda hI unakA svargavAsa huprA hogaa| pabhanAganA samaya padmanandi ne apanI racanAoM meM samaya kA ullekha nahIM kiyA hai, isase racanAkAla ke nizcita karane meM baDI kaThinAI upasthita hotI hai| padmanandi paMca vizati prakaraNoM para prAcArya amRtacandra, somadeva aura amitagati ke graMthoM kA prabhAva aura anuzaraNa parilakSita hotA hai / isase padmanandi bAda ke vidvAna jAna par3ate haiN| inameM amita gati dvitIya vikramakI 11vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAn haiM unakA samaya saM0 1050 se 1073 kA nizcita hai| prastuta padmanandi inase bahata bAda meM hue haiN| yahAM para yaha bhI jJAtavya haiM ki padmanandi ke caturtha prakaraNagata ekatva saptati para eka kannar3a TIkA upalabdha hai|

Page #360
326 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 jisake kartA padmanandi vratI hai, unhone apane guru kA nAma rAddhAnta zubhacandra deva batalAyA hai, ve unake apaziSya the / unhone yaha TIkA nimbarAja ke prabodhanArtha banAI thI, jo zilAhAra nareza gaNDarAditya ke sAmanta the / nimbarAja ne kolhApura me zaka ma0 1058 (vi0ma0 1193) meM rUpa nArAyaNa vasadi (mandira) kA nirmANa karAyA thA aura usake lie kolhApura tathA miraja ke Asa-pAsa ke grAmo kA dAna bhI diyA thA / ' ekatva saptati kI yaha TIkA ma0 1163 ke lagabhaga kI racanA hai, isame spaSTa hai ki ekatva sagnati usame pUrva bana cukI thii| arthAt ekatva saptati sa0 1980-85 kI racanA hai| ukta padmanandi kI nimna racanAe upalabdha hai, jinakA saMkSipta paricaya nimna prakAra hai| yahA yaha bAta bhI munizcita hai ki padmanandi ke ye sabhI prakaraNa eka sAtha nahI bane, minna-bhinna samayo meM unakA nirmANa huA hai isI dapTi ko lakSya meM rakhakara racanA kAla meM bhI parivartana anivArya hai| racanAoM kA nAma 1 dharmopadezAmRta, 2 dAnopadezana, 3 anitya paJcAzat, 4 ekatva saptati, 5 nibhAvanApTaka, 6 upAsaka samkAra, 7 dezavanodyAtana, 8 siddhastuti, 6 aAlocanA, 10 sadvAdha candrodaya, 11 nizcaya paJcAzana, 12 brahmacarya rakSA vati, 13 Rpabha strotra, 14 jina dazana stavana, 15 thuta devatA stuti, 16 svayabhU stuti, 17 suprabhAtASTaka 18 zAnti nAtha stAtra, 16 jina pUjApTaka, 20 karuNApTaka, 21 kriyAkANDacUlikA, 22 ekanyA bhAvanA dazaka, 23 paramArtha viti, 28 zarIrApTaka, 25 snAnApTaka, 26 brahmacaryApTaka / dharmopadezAmata-- yaha adhikAra sabase baDA hai, isame 168 daloka hai| pahana dharmApadeza ke adhikAro kA pTa karate hue, dharma kA svarUpa vyavahAra pAra nizcaya daSTi se batalAyA hai / vyavahAra ke prAthaya meM jIvadayA ko-azaraNa ko zaraNa dene aura usake du.kha meM svaya du.kha kA anubhava karane ko-dharma kahA hai| vaha do prakAra kA hai gRhastha dharma ora muni dharma / samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak caritra kI apekSA tIna bheda, aura uttama kSamAdi kI apekSA daza bheda batalAye hai| isa vyavahAra dharma ko zabha upayoga batalAyA hai, yaha jIva ko naraka tiryacAdi durgatiyoM me bacAkara manuSya aura devargAta ke sukha prApta karAtA hai| isa dRSTi meM yaha upAdeya hai| kintu sarvathA upAya to vaha dharma hai jo jIva ko caturgati ke duHkho se chur3A kara avinAzI sukha kA pAtra banA detA hai| iza dharma ko zuddhopayoga yA nizcaya dharma kahate hai| gahi dharma meM zrAvaka ke darzana, vrata pratimA Adi gyAraha bhedo kA kathana kiyA hai| inake pUrva meM juAdi sAta vyasanI kA parityAga anivArya batalAyA hai, kyoMki unake binA tyAge vrata Adi pratiSThita nahIM raha skte| kyoki vyasana jIvo ko kalyANamArga se haTAkara akalyANa me pravRtti karAte hai| una dyUtAdi vyasano ke kAraNa yudhiSThira Adi ko kaSTa bhoganA paDA hai| gahi dharma me hisAdi paca pApo kA eka deza tyAga kiyA jAtA hai| isI se gahi dharma ko deza cAritra pAra muni dharma ko sakala cAritra kahA jAtA hai| sakala cAritra ke dhAraka mUni ratnatraya meM nipTha hokara mala guNa, uttara guNa, paca prAcAra aura daza dharmo kA pAlana karate hai| muniyo ke mUla guNa 28 hote hai-pAca mahAvrata, pAca samiti, pAco indriyoM kA nirodha, samatA, Adi chaha Avazyaka loca, vastra kA parityAga, snAna kA tyAga bhU zayana, dantagharSaNa kA tyAga, sthiti bhojana, aura eka bhakta bhojana / sAgha svarUpa ke atirikta AcArya aura upAdhyAya kA svarUpa bhI nidiSTa kiyA hai| mAnava paryAya kA milanA durlabha hai, ata: isame Atmahita ke kAryoM meM saMlagna rahanA caahie| kyoMki mRtyu kA kAla aniyata hai-vaha 1 zrI padmanandi ti nimineyam e kanva saptatyagvilArtha puutiH|| ___ vRttizcira nimbanUpa prabodha labdhAtmavRtti jayatA jagatyAm / / svamni zrI zubhacandrarAddhAntadevAgrazipyeNa kanakanandipaNDita vAzmivika sitahRtkumudAnanda zrImad amRtacandra candrikonmIlina netrotsalAva nokinAzeSAdhyAtmatattvavedinA padmanandimuninA zrImajjainamudhAbdhivardhanakagapUrNendu dugagativIra zrI pati nimbarAjAvabodhanAya kRtakatva saplatevattiriyam / -paanandi pavizati kI agne jI prastAvanA se uddhata pu. 17

Page #361
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 327 kaba prAdhamakegI yaha nizcita nahIM hai, ataeva buddhimAna manapya ve haiM, jo mAnava jIvana aura uttama kulAdi kI sAdhana sAmagrI ko pAkara bhI viSaya tRSNA me pagaGmukha hokara apane AtmA kA hita karate haiM / anta meM dharma kA mahatva batalAkara prakaraNa samApta kiyA hai| 2 dAnopadezana - isa adhikAra meM 54 zloka haiM, jinameM dAna kI AvazyakatA aura mahattA para acchA prakAza DAlA gayA hai / aura dAnatIrtha ke pravartaka rAjA theyAMma kA pahale hI smaraNa kiyA hai| jisa prakAra pAnI vastrAdi meM lage haye rudhira ko dhokara svaccha banA detA hai usI prakAra satpAtra dAna bhI vANijyAdi me samUtpanna pApamala ko dhokara nippApa banA detA hai| 3anitya paJcAzata-ima adhikAra meM 55 zloka haiN| isa prakaraNa meM zarIra, strI patra, evaM dhanAdi kI svAbhAvika asthiratA batalAte hae usake saMyoga-viyoga meM harSa aura vipAda ke parityAga kI preraNA kI gaI hai| maraNa prAyakarma ke kSINa hone para hotA hai, ataH usake hone para zoka karanA vyartha hai, 4 ekatva saptati-iga prakaraNa meM 80 zloka diye hai| jinameM batalAyA hai ki cetanatva pratyeka prANI ke bhItara avasthita hai, to bhI jIva ajJAna vaga ume jAna nahIM paataa| jaige lakaDI meM avyakta rUpame agni hote hA bhI nahIM jAna pAte, usI taraha yAtmatatva kA bodha bhI ajJAna ke kAraNa nahIM hotaa| jinendra deva ne uma parama Atma tattva kI upAsanA kA upAya eka mAtra sAmyabhAva ko batalAyA hai| svAsthya, samAdhi, yoga, cittanirodha aura gRddhopayoga ye saba usI sAmya ke nAmAntara haiN| karma aura rAgAdi heya haiM, unheM chor3a denA caahiye| jJAna darzanAdi upayoga rUpa parama jyoti ko upAdeya samajhanA caahie| anta meM prAtmatattva ke abhyAsa kA phala mokSa kI prApti batalAyA hai| 5 yatibhAvanASTaka- isa prakaraNa meM padya haiM jinameM una muniyoM kA stavana kiyA gayA hai, jo bhayAnaka upasarga hone para apane svarUpa se vicalita nahIM hote, pratyuta kaSTa mahipNu banakara una para vijaya prApta karate haiN| 6 upAsaka saMskAra-isameM 62 padya hai, dAna ke Adi pravartaka rAjA zreyAMsa kA ullekha karate hae, deva pUjAdi paTa AvazyakoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| sAmayika vrata kA svarUpa nidiSTa karate hae sapta vyasanoM kA parityAga anivArya batalAyA hai| 7. dezavato dyotana-isameM 27 zloka haiM jina meM deva darzana 'pUjana rAtribhojana tyAga' caityAlaya nirmANa, chaha aAvazyaka, ATha mulagaNoM aura pAMca aNavratAdi rUpa uttara guNoM ko dhAraNa karane kA ullekha kiyA hai / aura gRhasthoM ko pApa me unmukta hone ke lie cAra dAna ko preraNA kI hai| . siddha stuti-26 zlokoM meM middhoM kI stuti karate hue apTakarmoM ke prabhAva se kauna-kauna se guNa prAdurbhUta hote hai, isakA nirdeza kiyA hai| 6. AlocanA--ajJAna yA pramAda meM utpanna hue pApa ko niSkapaTa bhAva me jinendra va guru ke sAmane prakaTa karanA AlocanA hai / Atmazuddhi ke lie dopoM kI AlocanA Avazyaka hai / Atma nirIkSaNa, nindA aura gardA karanA ucita hai, AtmanindA karate hue yaha merA pApa mithyA ho aisA vicAra karanA caahie| kRta, kArita, anumodanA aura mana vacana kAya ge saMgaNita nI sthAnoM se pApa utpanna hotA hai, unakA parimArjana karane ke lie AlocanA karanI caahie| 10. sadvodha candrodaya-yaha 50 padyoM kI racanA hai| isameM paramAtma svarUpa kA mahatva dikhalAkara batalAyA hai ki jisakA citta usa citasvarUpa meM lIna ho jAtA hai vaha yogiyoM meM zreSTha ho jAtA hai / usa yogI ko samasta jIva rAzi apane samAna dikhAI detI hai, use karma kRta vikAroM se bhI kSobha nahI hotaa| yaha jIva moha rUpI nidrA meM cirakAla se soyA hai, aba use isa grantha ko par3ha kara jAgRta ho jAnA caahie| 11. nizcaya paJcAzata-62 padyAtmaka isa prakaraNa meM prAtmA ke jAnane meM kAraNabhUta zuddha naya aura vyavahAra naya hai| inameM vyavahAra naya ajJAnI janoM ke bodha karane ke liye hai| aura zuddhanaya karma kSaya me kAraNa hai| isa kAraNa use bhUtArtha aura vyavahAra naya ko abhUtArtha bata lAyA hai| vastu kA yathArthasvarUpa anirvacanIya hai, usakA kathana vyahAranaya se vacanoM dvArA kiyA jAtA hai| zuddhanaya ke prAzraya se ratnatraya ko pAkara apanA vikAsa karatA hai|

Page #362
328 jana dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 12. brahmacarya rakSAvati-yaha 22 padyoM kA lagha prakaraNa hai, isameM kAma subhaTa ko jItane vAle muniyoM ko namaskAra kara brahmacarya kA svarUpa nidiSTa kiyA hai| apane svarUpa meM ramaNa karane kA nAma brahmacarya hai| jitendriya tapasviyoM kI dRSTi nirmala hotI hai, rAga unake svarUpa ko vikRta karane meM samartha nahI hotA, aise yogI vandanIya hote haiN| rAga ko jItane ke lie rahana-sahana sAdA aura sAdA bhojana honA caahie| 13. RSabha stotra-isa 60 gAthAtmaka prakaraNa meM prathama jinakI stuti kI gaI hai, jinameM unake jIvana kI jhAMkI kA bhI digdarzana nihita hai| unhoMne sAMsArika vaibhava kA parityAga kara kisa taraha svAtmalabdhi prApta kI, usakA sundara varNana kiyA gayA hai / tIrthakara prakRti ke mahatva kA bhI digdarzana karAyA gayA hai| 14. jina darzana stavana-yaha prakaraNa bhI prAkRta kI 34 gAthAoM ko liye hue hai / isameM jinadarzana kI mahimA kA varNana hai| 15. zruta devatA stuti isameM 31 zlokoM dvArA jinavANI kA stavana kiyA gayA hai| 16. svayaMbhU stuti isameM 24 zlokoM dvArA cauvIsa tIrthakaroM kI stuti kI gayI hai| 17. suprabhAtASTaka - yaha apTa padyAtmaka stuti hai- jisa taraha prAtaH kAla hone para rAtri kA andhakAra miTa jAtA hai aura sUrya kA prakAza phaila jAtA hai / usa samaya jana samudAya kI nIda bhaga hokara netra khula jAte haiN| usI prakAra moha karma kA kSaya ho jAne para moha nidrA naSTa ho jAtA hai, ora jJAna darzana kA vimala prakAza phaila jAtA hai| 18. zAntinAtha stotra-isameM 6 zlokoM dvArA tIna chatra aura pATha prAtihAryo sahita bhagavAna zAntinAtha kA stavana kiyA gayA hai| 16. jina pUjASTaka-10 padyAtmaka isa prakaraNa meM jala candanAdi dravyoM dvArA jina pUjA kA varNana hai| 20. karuNASTaka-isa meM apanI dInatA dikhalA kara jinendra meM dayA kI yAcanA karate hae sasAra se apane uddhAra kI prArthanA kI gaI hai| 21. kriyAkANDa cUlikA-isameM jina bhagavAna se prArthanA kI gayI hai ki ratnatraya-mUla va uttara guNoM ke sambandha meM abhimAna aura pramAda ke vaza mujhase jo aparAdha huA hai, mana, vacana, kAya aura kRta, kArita anumodanA se maine jo prANi pIDana kiyA hai, usase jo karma maMcita huA ho vaha Apa ke caraNa-kamala smaraNa meM mithyA ho| 22. ekatva bhAvanA dazaka-isameM 11 padyoM dvArA parama jyotisvarupa tathA ekatvarUpa advitIya pada ko prApta Atmatattva kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| usa Atmatattva ko jo jAnatA hai vaha svayaM dUsaroM ke dvArA pUjA jAtA hai| 23. paramArtha vizati-isameM batalAyA hai ki sukha aura du.kha jima karma ke phala haiM vaha karma AtmA se pRthaka hai-bhinna hai / yaha viveka buddhi jise prApta ho cukI haiM, 'usake maiM sukhI hUM athavA dukhI hUM' aisA vikalpa hI utpanna nahIM hotA / aisA yogo Rtu Adi ke kaSTa ko kaSTa nahI maantaa| 24. zarIrASTaka-isameM zarIra kI svAbhAvika apavitratA ora asthiratA ko dikhalAte hue use nADIvraNa ke samAna bhayAnaka aura kaDuvI tUbar3I ke samAna upabhoga ke ayogya batalAyA hai| aneka taraha se usakA saMrakSaNa karane para bhI anta meM jarjarita hokara naSTa ho jAtA hai| 25 snAnASTaka -mala se paripUrNa ghar3e ke samAna mala-mUtrAdi se paripUrNa rahane vAlA yaha zarIra jala snAna se pavitra nahI ho sakatA / usakA yathArtha snAna to viveka hai jo jIva ke cira saMcita mithyAtvAdi Antarika mala ko dho detA hai / jala snAna se prANi hiMsA janita kevala pApa kA hI saMcaya hotA hai / snAna karane aura sugandhita dravyoM kA lepa karane para bhI usakI durgandhi nahIM jaatii| 26. brahmacaryASTaka-viSaya bhoga eka prakAra kA tIkSNa kuThAra hai jo saMyama rUpa vRkSa ko nirmUla kara detA hai| viSaya sevana jaba apanI strI ke sAtha bhI nindya mAnA jAtA hai / taba bhalA para strI aura vezyA ke sambandha ko macchA kaise kahA jA sakatA hai|

Page #363
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 326 padmaprabha maladhArIdeva padmaprabha maladhArIdeva-mUlasaMgha kundakundAnvaya pustakagaccha aura dezIgaNa ke vidvAna vIranandI vratIndra ke zipya the / inakI upAdhi maladhArI thI, yaha upAdhi aneka vidvAna AcAryoM ke sAtha lagI dekhI jAtI hai / inakI banAI haI pAcarya kundakunda ke niyamasAra kI eka saskRta TIkA hai jisakA nAma 'tAtparyavatti' hai, vattikAra ne vatti kI pappikA meM apane liye tIna vizeSaNoM kA prayoga kiyA hai- 'mRvijanapayojamitra' 'paMcandriyaprasAravajita' praura 'gAtramAtraparigraha' / ina tIna vizeSaNoM se jJAta hotA hai ki padmaprabha sukavijana rUpa kamaloM ko vikasita karane vAle mitra (sarya) the / aura paMcendriyoM ke prasAra se rahita the-jitendriya / nathA garIramAtra parigraha ke dhArI thenana digambara the| acche vidvAna aura kavi the| inhoMne samayamAra ke TInAkAra prAcArya amatacandra kI taraha niyamasAra kI tAtparyavatti meM bhI aneka sUndara padya banAkara upamahAra rUpa meM yatra-natra diye hai| padmaprabha ne vatti meM yathA sthAna aneka vidvAno ora unake grandhI ka padyoM ko grantha kartA kA nAma lekara yA kiyA kisI nAmollekha ke uddhata kiye hai| unameM mamantabhadra, giddhagena, pajyAda, amatacandra, somadeva, gaNabhadra. vAdirAja, yogIndradeva aura candrakIti tathA mahAmena kA nAmollagna kiyaa| samayasAra kA amatAzIti ekatva saptati, aura zratavindu nAmaka grantho kA ullekha kiyA hai| inake atirikta vattikAra ne 'tathA coktam mahAgena paDitadeve , vAkya ke sAtha nimna padya uddhata kiyA hai| jJAnAddhinno na cAbhinno bhinnAbhinnaH kathaMcana / jJAnaM pUrvAparIbhUtaM so'yamAtmeti kautitaH // isake pazcAta ukta ca paNNavatipApaDivijayopAjivizAlani mahAmana paDita devaiH vAkya ke sAtha uddhata kiyA hai : yathAvadvastanirNItiH samyagjJAnaM pradIpavata / tatsvArthavyavasAyAtmA kathaMcit pramiteH pathak // " ye donoM hI padya 'svarUpa sambodhana' nAmaka gratha ke hai, jigo kartA prAcArya mahAmena haiN| TIkAkAro kAnamAra chayAnave vAdiyoM ke vijetA the| grAra lAmA bagAla kAti phaila rahI thii| inakI gama paramparA aura gaNa-gacchAdi kyA hai, yaha kucha jJAta nahIM honA / TA0 ||orn. upAdhye ne svarUpa sambodhana sambadha meM likhA hai ki ve nayasena ke ziSya the| zriyaH pati kevala bodhalocanaM, praNamya pradmaprabha gedha kAraNaM / karomi karNATagirA prakAzanaM, mvarUpamaMbodhana paMcavizate / / "zrImannayasenapaMDita devaLaM zipyarappazrImanmahAmenadevabhavyamArthagaMbodhanArtha mArga svarUpa saMbodhana vizati va graMthamaM mAittamA granthada mAdelola iSTa devatA namaskAra maM myaDida pr"| mahAsena nAmake aura bhI viTA hae hai / eka to lADa bAgaDa gaNa ke mahAgena jo pradyamnacarita ke kartA haiN| jo saMvat 1050 ke lagabhaga hae jo -- - - -- - -- - -- --- - ---- 1. tadvidyADhyaM vIranandi vratIndram 2. maladhArI vizeSaNa digambara zvetAmbara dono hI sampradAyoM ke muniyo ke sAtha saMlagna dekhA jAtA svacchatA ke viparIta mala parISaha kI sahana-gIlatA kA dyotaka hai| galadhArI gaNDavimukta deva, malaghArI mAdhava maladhArI bAlacandra, maladhAri malliSeNa, maladhArideva, Adi digambara, maladhArI hemacandra, malaghAri abhayadeva maladhAri jinabhadra Adi zvetAmbara / 3. 'iti sUkavijanapayojamitra paMcendriyaprasaravajita gAtramAtraparigraha zrI padmaprabhamalaghAri deva viracitAyAM niyamasAra vyAkhyAyAM tAtparyavattI zuddha nizciyaprAyazcittAdhikAro'STamaH zrutaskandhaH ? ziyarappazrImanmahAmana pa ra" / mahAsena nAmaka prAra

Page #364
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 mAlavapati muja nareza dvArA pUjita the aura jo guNAkarasenasUri ke ziSya the / dUsare mahAsena 'sulocanA carita' ke kartA haiM jinakA ullekha 'harivaMza purANa' meM pAyA jAtA hai / prastuta mahAsena inase bhinna jAna par3ate haiN| yaha koI tIsare hI mahAsena haiN| vRttikAra ne jahA~ vIranandi ko nitya namaskAra karane kI bAta likhI hai, aura batalAyA hai ki jisa mumukSa muni ke sadA vyavahAra aura nizcaya pratikramaNa vidyamAna haiN| aura jisake raMca mAtra bhI apratikramaNa nahIM haiM aise saMyama rUpI mAbhUSaNa ke dhAraka muni ko maiM (padmaprabha) sadA namaskAra karatA huuN| vRttikAra ne apane samaya meM vidyamAna 'mAdhavasenAcArya' ko namaskAra karate hue unheM saMyama aura jJAna kI mUrti, kAmadevarUpa hasti ke kuMbhasthala ke bhedaka aura ziSya rUpa kamaloM kA vikAsa karane vAle sUrya batalAyA hai / padya meM prayukta 'virAjate' kriyA unakI vartamAna maujUdagI kI dyotaka hai vaha padya isa prakAra hai / "nomastu te saMyamabodhamUrtaye, smarebhakuMbhasthala bhedanAyave, vineyapaMkeruha vikAsabhAnave virAjate mAdhavasenasaraye // " mAdhavasena nAma ke aneka vidvAna ho gae haiN| parantu ye mAdhavasena uname bhinna jAna par3ate haiN| eka mAdhavasena kASThAsaMgha ke vidvAna nemiSeNa ke ziSya the, aura amitagati dvitIya ke guru the| inakA samaya saM0 1025 se 1050 ke lagabhaga honA caahiye| dUsare mAdhavasena pratApasena ke paTTadhara the| inakA samaya vikrama kI 13 vI 14 vIM zatAbdI honA saMbhava hai| tIsare mAdhavasena mUlasaMgha, senagaNa pogarigaccha ke candraprabha siddhAnta deva ke ziSya the / inhoMne jina caraNoM kA manana karake aura paMca parameSThI kA smaraNa kara ke samAdhi maraNa dvArA zarIra kA parityAga kiyA thA / inakA samaya I0 san 1124 (vi0saM0 1181) hai| cauthe mAdhavasena ko lokkiya vasadi ke liye dekararasa ne jambahali pradAna kii| isa kA dAma mAdhavasena ko diyA thaa| yaha zilAlekha zaka saMvata 785-san 1062 I0 kA hai| ataH ina mAdhavasena kA samaya IsA kI 11vIM zatAbdI kA tRtIya caraNa hai| ina cAroM mAdhavasenoM meM se takAra dvArA ullikhita mAdhavasena kA samIkaraNa nahIM hotaa| ataH ve inase bhinna hI koI mAdhavasena nAma ke vidvAna hoNge| unake gaNa-gacchAdi aura samaya kA ullekha mere dekhane meM nahIM aayaa| - padmaprabha maladhArideva ne vRtti ke pR0 61 para candrakItimuni ke mana kI vandanA kI hai / aura pRSTha 142 meM unhoM ne zruta vindu' nAma ke grantha kA 'tathA coktaM zruta bindau, vAkya ke sAtha nimna padya uddhRta kiyA hai : jayati vijayadoSo'martyamatyendramaulipravilasadarumA lAyacitAMghri jinendraH / trijagadajagatI yasye dRzau vyaznuvAte samamiva viSayeSvanyonya vRtti niSeda m // 1. tacchiSyo viditA khiloru samayo vAdI ca vAgmI kaviH / zabdabrahmavicitradhAmayazasAM mAnyAM satAmamaNIH / AsIt zrImahAsena sUriranaghaH zrI muMjarAjAcitaH / sImA darzana bodha vRttapasAM bhavyAbjinI bAndhavaH // -pradyumna carita prazasti 3 2. mahAsenasya madhurA zIlAlaMkAra dhaarinnii| kathA na variNatA kena vaniteva sulocanA ||-hrivNsh purANa 1-33 3. yasya pratikramaNameva sadA mumukSo-styi pratikramaNa mapyaNumAtra muccaH / tasmai namaH sakalasaMyamabhUSaNAya, zrI vIranandi muni nAmadharAya nityam ||-niymsaar vRtti 4. nirupama midaM vandhaM zrIcandrakIti mune mnH|| -niyamasAra vRtti pR0 152

Page #365
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 331 zravaNa belgola ke zilAlekha naM0 54 pR0 106 meM inhIM candrakIti muni kA smaraNa kiyA gayA hai aura vandu kA kartA bhI batalAyA hai : vizvaM yazzruvindunAvarurudhe bhAvaM kuzAgrIyayA, budhyevAti - mahIyasApravacasAbaddhaM gaNAdhIzvaraH / ziSyAnpratyanukampayA kRzamatInedaM yugInAtsagI staM vAcArcata candrakIti gaNinaM candrAbhakoti budhAH // 32 maisUra sTeTa ke tu kara jile meM do abhilekha mile haiM, ve padmaprabha ke prabhAva kSetra kI acchI sUcanA dete haiN| eka to kuppI tAlluke ke niTUru meM prApta huA hai jisameM eka prasiddha dharmAtmA mahilA janAmbikA kA ullekha hai jo inakI eka ziSyA thii| dUsarA abhilekha pAvugaDa tAlluka ke niDugallu meM pahAr3I para ke eka jaina mandira meM milA hai-(epigrAphiyA karnATikA ji0 12 pAvUgaDa 52) isameM eka mukhiyA gAMgeyana mAreya ke dvArA eka jaina mandira ke nirmANa karAye jAne kA ullekha hai| isa abhilekha se yaha bhI jJAta hotA hai ki yaha mandira nirmAtA nemi paMDita ke dvArA jainadharma meM praviSTa kiyA gayA thaa| epigrAphiyA karnATikA ji0 12 Guvvi) / yaha nemi paMDita padmaprabha maladhArI ke ziSya the| jaba iruGgola deva rAjya kara rahA thA-tatpAdapadmopajIvI gaGgayanamAreya gaGgaya nAyaka aura cAmAse se utpanna hayA thaa| isane nami paNDita se vrata liye the| nemi paNDita ko padmaprabha maladhArI deva se manobhilaSita prartha kI prApti huI thii| pa0 ma0 deva zrI mUlasaMgha, dezIyagaNa, koNDakundAnvaya, pustaka gaccha tathA vANada baliya ke vIranandi siddhAnta cakravartI ke ziSya the / kAlAjana (niDugala) parvata ke badara tAlAba ke dakSiNa kI tarapha eka caTTAna ke sire para gaGgayana mArane pAva jina kI basati khar3I kI thii| isI ko 'jogavaTrige basadi' bhI kahate the / pArzvanAtha-jineza kI dainika pUjA, mahAbhiSeka karane ke lie, tathA catuvarNa ko AhAra dAna dene ke lie gaGgayana mAreya tathA usakI strI vAcale ne iruGgula deva se prAcandra-sUrya-sthAyI dAna karane ke liye prArthanA kI taba usane bhUmiyoM kA dAna kiyA, tathA gaGgeyamArenahalli ke kucha kisAnoM ne milakara bahuta se akharoTa aura pAna prati bojha para diye| pailike kisAnoM ne bhI kolhanoM se tela diyaa| padmaprabha maladhArI deva ko dUsarI kRti 'lakSmI stotra' hai jo saMskRta TIkA ke sAtha mudrita ho cukA hai| inakI anya kyA racanAeM haiM yaha kucha jJAta nahIM huaa| madrAsa prAnta ke 'pATazivaram' nAmaka grAma ke dakSiNa praveza dvAra para sthita eka stambha ke khaMDita zilAlekha meM vIranandi siddhAnta cakravartI ke zipya padmaprabha maladhArI deva ke sambandha meM nimna zloka aMkita hai, jisameM unake dehotsarga kI tithi kA ullekha hai: saka varSa sapta vaMdu kSiti 1107 parimitivizvAvasu prAntaphAlguNyakanacchuddhA caturthItithiyutabharaNI somavArArddha rAtrA dhikanADyekAMtyadollu nirmalamati mallanTaM nAmapadmaprabha / pustaka gacchaM mUlasaMgha yatipatinutadesIgaNa muktanAvaM // zaka saMvata 1107 vizvAvasu, phAlguNa zuklA 4 bharaNI, somavAra ko-24 pharvarI sana 185I. (vi0 saM0 1242) ko somavAra ke dina padmaprabha maladhArI deva kA svargavAsa humA / yaha lekha pazcimIya cAlUkya nareza somezvara caturtha ke rAjyakAla kA hai / (Jainism in South India P. 159) 1. niruGgola-devaM rAjyaM geyyuttamire tatpAdapanopajIviyappa gaGgayanAyakaGga cAmAGga negavudbhavisi gaGga yana mAreyaM zrI mUla-saMghada deziya-gaNada koNDakundAnvaya pustaka gacchada vAraNada-valiya zrI vIranandi-siddhAnta-cakravatagila ziSyarAda medinIsiddhara padmaprabha-maladhAri devara caraNa-paricaryeyiM paryApta-kAmidarAda nemi-paNDita rinaGgIkRta-vrata nAdam / -janalekha saM0 bhA0310 332

Page #366
332 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 dAmanandi vidya dAmanandi mUlasaMgha, deziyagaNa, pustakagaccha aura kUndakUndAnvaya meM prasiddha guNacandra deva ke praziSya aura nayakIti siddhAntadeva ke zipya the| inake choTe bhAI bAlacandra munIndra the| soma seTTi ne pArzvajina ko aSTa vidha pUjana aura mandira kI marammata aura muniyo ke grAhAradAna ke lie dAna diyA thA aura kucha bhUmi bAlacandra muni ke pAda prakSAlana pUrvaka dI gayI thii| yaha lakha zaka sa0 1100 san 1178 IsavI kA hai / ataH ina dAmanandi kA samaya 12vI zatAbdI hai| jainalekha sa0 bha03 le0 na0 364 pR0177 kulacandra munIndra kUlacandra siddhAnta munIndra-yaha kulabhUSaNa siddhAnta munIndra ke zipya the / dhavalA kI hastalikhita pratiyoM meM satprarUpaNA vivaraNa ke anta meM kanAr3I prazasti pAI jAtA hai| usameM tIna prAcAryoM kI prazaMsA kI gaI hai| padmanandi siddhAnta munIndra, kulabhUSaNa siddhAnta munIndra aura kulacandra siddhAnta munIndra / jitayaza se ujvala kulacandra siddhAnta munAndra kA udbhava jaMgamatIrtha ke samAna thA / ve sadA kAya maura mana se saccAritravAn dinA dina zaktimAn pAra niyamavAna hAta hue unhoMne viveka buddhi dvArA jJAna dohana kara kAmadeva ko dUra rkhaa| saccAritravAn hAnA hA kAmadava ke kAdha se bacane kA eka mAtra mArga hai / isase unakI cAritra niSThatA kA patA calatA hai| yaha vahI kalacandra jJAta hAta hai jinakA ullakha zravaNa valgola ke 40ve (64) lekha meM pAyA jAtA hai| viddhakarNAdika padmanandI saddhAntakAkhyo'jani yasya loke / kaumAradeva vAtatAprAsAddha joyAttu sojJAnanidhiH sadhIraH / / tacchiSya: kulabhaSaNAkhyaryAtapazcAritravArAMnidhi kala ssiddhAntAmbudhipArago navineyastatsadharmo mahAn / zabdAmbhoruhabhAskaraH prathitarkagranthakAraH prabhAcandrAkhyo munirAja paDitavaraH zrIkuNDakundanvayaH / / tasya zrIkulabhUSaNAkhya sumunezziSye vineyastuta ssadvRttaH kulacandradeva munipassiddhAntavidyAnidhiH // ina padyA meM padmanandi, kulabhUSaNa aura bulacandra muniyA ke bIca guru-ziSya paramparA kA spaSTa ullekha hai| inameM padmanandi saiddhAntika ko, jJAni nidhi, sadhAra, aviddhakarNa ora kAmAradeva vratI batalAyA hai / ve karNa chedana saskAra se pahale hI dIkSita ho gae the| ataeva va kAmAradava vrato bhI kahalAte the| arthAta ve bAla brahmacAro the| inake eka ziSya prabhAcandra the, jo zabdAmbhoja bhAskara pAra prathita taka granthakAra the / kulabhUSaNa ko cAritra vA rAMnidhi aura siddhAntAmbUdhi pAraga batalAyA hai| ora kulacandra ko binaya, sadavRtta aura siddhAnta vidyAnidhi kahA hai| inakA samaya san 1133 ke lagabhaga honA cAhie / kulacandra ke zipya mAdhanandi saiddhAntika the, jo kolhApUra kI rUpanArAyaNa vasadi ke pradhAnAcArya the / inakA paricaya Age diyA gayA hai| kulacandramuni-mUlasaghAnvaya krANUragaNa ke vidvAna paramAnanda siddhAnta deva ke ziSya the| inheM bhuvanaika malla ke supUtra ne, jisa samaya unakA rAjya pravardhamAna thA, aura jo baMkApura meM nivAsa karate the| unake pAda padyopa 1. satata kAla kAyamati saccarita dirnAda dinakke vIrya naledadu mikka niyamagala nAtu vivekabodha dohaM tave katu manyugirda saccarita kulacandra deva sedAta munIndra rUjitayazojvala jagamatIrtharudbhavam / -dhavalA pu0 2 prastAvanA pR0 3

Page #367
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya jIvI peADi bhuvana kavIra udayAditya zAsana kara rahe the / taba bhuvanaikamalla ne 'zAntinAtha mandira ' ke liye ukta kulacandra muni ko nAgara khaNDa meM bhUmi dAna diyaa| cUki yaha zilAlegva zaka ma0 666 (vi0 saM0 1131 san 1075 hai / ataH ukta muni vikrama kI 12vI zatAbdI ke pUrvArdha ke vidvAna the / jainalaMgva saM0 bhA0 2 pR 0, 264-65 prAcANNa inake pitA kA nAma kezavarAja aura mAtA kA nAma mallAmbikA thaa| kavi kA gotra bhAradvAja thaa| yaha jaina brAhmaNa the| guru kA nAma nandiyogIzvara' aura grAma kA nAma purIkara nagara (pulagira) thaa| inake pitA kezavarAja aura recaNa nAma ke senApati ne, jo vasudhaika bAndhava ke nAma se prasiddha thaa| vardhamAna nAmaka eka pUrANa gratha ke nirmANa kA kArya prArambha kiyA thA, kintu durdeva se unakA bIca meM hI zarIrAnta ho gayA, taba usa grantha ko AcANNa ne samApta kiyaa| isa kavi kI pArzvanAtha purANa meM, jo kavipAzrva dvArA san 1205 me racA gayA haiprazaMsA kI hai| isase spapTa hai ki kavi pAcaNNa san 1205 se pahale huyA hai| kavi ne apana se pUrvavartA kaviyoM ko stuti karate hue aggala kavi kI (1186) kI bhI prazaMsA kA hai| imasa kavi 1189 ke bAda hanA hai / recaNa campati kalacuri rAjA kA matrI thaa| zilAlekhoM se jJAta hotA hai ki prAvamalla (1181-1183) ke aura navIna hayazAlavaza ke vIra vallAla (1172-1216) ke samaya meM bhI vaha jIvita thaa| isame kavi kA samaya 1175 ke lagabhaga jAna par3atA hai| prastuta vardhamAna purANa meM mahAvIra nIrthakara kA carita varNita hai / grantha meM 16 pAzvAsa haiN| isakI racanA anuprAsa yamaka Adi zabdAlaMkAroM se yukta aura praur3ha hai| kavi kI anya kisI kRti kA ullekha nahIM miltaa| brahmaziva yaha vatsagotrI brAhmaNa thaa| isake pitA kA nAma aggala deva thaa| yaha kIrtivarmA ora aAhavamalla nareza kA samakAlIna thaa| pahale yaha vaidika matAnuyAyI thA / pazcAta uge ni:sAra samajhakara liMgAyata matakA upAsaka ho gayA thaa| usa samaya taka vaha veda, smRti aura purANa Adi granthoM kA adhyayana kara cukA thaa| parantu use ina granthoM me santopa nahIM huaa| liMgAyata mata ko bhI usane yathArtha nahI samajhA aura pazcAt usane syAdvAdamaya jainadharma ko grahaNa kara santuSTa ho gyaa| isakA banAyA humA eka 'samaya parIkSA' nAmaka graMtha hai jisameM zaiva, vaiSNavAdi matoM ke pUrANa granthoM tathA prAcAroM meM dopa batalA kara jainadharma kI prazaMsA kI hai| isa graMtha kI kavitA bahata hI sarala aura lalita hai| yaha kanar3I bhApA kA kavi hai| samaya parIkSA me jJAna hotA hai ki yaha saMgkata kA bhI acchA vidvAna thA / grantha ke puSpikA vAkya se imakaM guru kA nAma vIranandI muni jAna par3atA hai -" iti bhagavadahata paramezvara caraNa smaraNa pariNatAna: karaNa vIranandi munindra caraNa sarasoruha-SaT caraNa-mithyA samaya tIvra timira caNDakiraNasakalAgama nipuNa- mahAkavi brahmaziva viracita samaya parIkSAyA-" ye vIranandI medyacandra vidya ke ziSya jAna par3ate hai| jo san 1115 meM divaMgata hae the / yadi ye vIranandi vahI haiN| to kavi kA samaya san 1120-1125 honA caahiye| bAlacanda adhyAtmI yaha mUlasaMgha, dezIyagaNa pustakagaccha aura kundakunda anvaya ke vidvAna the| inake guru nayakIti the jo gUNacandra siddhAnta cakravartI ke ziSya the aura jinakA svargavAsa zaka saM0 1066 san 1177 meM vaizAkha zuklA caturdazI ko huA thA 2 / inake bhAI kA nAma dAmanandI thaa| aneka zilAlekhoM meM inako stuti ke 1. madrAsa ke prAcya kozAlaya ke eka zilAlekha se mAlUma hotA hai ki nandiyogIzvara san 1986 me maujUda the / 2. zAke randhranavadyucandramasi dumma khyA ca (khya) saMvatsare / vaizAkhe dhavale caturdazadine vAre ca sUryAtmaje / pUrvAhye prahare gate'rddha sahite svarga jagAmAtmavAn / vikhyAto nayakIti-deva munipo rAddhAnta-cakrAdhipaH // 23 -jaina zilAlekha saMgraha bhAga 1 pR0 3.

Page #368
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 padya milate haiN| inakI banAI haI 5 TIkAeM upalabdha haiN| sAratraya-pravacanasAra, samayasAra aura paMcAstikaya, paramAtmaprakAza, aura tatvaratna pradIpikA (tattvArthasUtraTIkA) ye TIkAe bar3I sUndara aura adhyAtma viSaya para vistata prakAza DAlatI hai| prAbhUtatraya kI TIkA ke anta meM nimna gadya pakti dI hai-iti samasta saiddhAndhika cakravartI zrInaya kotinandana- vineyajanAnandana-nijaruci sAgaranandi-paramAtmadevasevAsAditAtmasvabhAvanityAnaMda-bAlacaMdra deva viracitA samaya prAbhUta sUtrAnugata tAtparya vRttiH / kavi ne tattvArthasUtra kI 'tattvaratna pradIpikA' TIkA kumuda caMdra bhaTTAraka ke pratibodha ke liye banAI thI, aisA TIkA meM ullekha milatA hai| inakA samaya san 1170 IsvI hai| rAjAditya padyavidyAdhara inakA upanAma thaa| isake pitA kA nAma zrIpati aura mAtA kA nAma vasantA thA / koDimaDala ke pUvina bAga' meM isakA janma huA thaa| yaha viSNuvardhana gajA kI sabhA kA pradhAna paMDita thaa| viSNavardhana ne IsvI san 1104 se 1141 taka rAjya kiyA hai / kavi ke samakSa usakA rAjyabhiSeka huA thA / apane mAzraya dAtA rAjA kI isane eka padya meM bahuta prazasA kI hai| aura usako satyavaktA, parahita carita, susthira, bhogI, gabhIra, udAra, saccaritra akhila vidyAbita aura bhavya sevya batalAyA hai / yaha kavi gaNita zAstra kA bar3A bhArI vidvAna huA hai| karNATaka kavi carita ke lekhaka ke anusAra kanar3I sAhitya meM gaNita kA pratha likhane vAlA yaha sabase pahalA vidvAna thaa| isake banAye hue vyavahAra gaNita, kSetragaNita, vyavahAraratna, jainagaNita sUtraTIkA udAharaNa, citraha sUge aura lIlAvatI ye gaNita grantha prApya hai / ye saba grantha prAyaH gadya-padyamaya hai| isakA vyavahAra gaNita nAma kA grantha bahuta acchA hai / isame gaNita ke pairAzika, pacarAzika, saptarAzika, navarAzika, cakravaddhi prAdi sampUrNa viSaya hai aura ve itanI sugama paddhati se batalAye gaye hai ki gaNita jaisA kaThina aura nIrasa viSaya bhI sarama ho gayA hai| kavi ne apanI vilakSaNa pratibhA se ise pAMca dina meM banAkara samApta kiyA thaa| kavi ke guru kA nAma zubhacadra deva thA / saMbhavataH ye zubhacadra vahI hai| jinakA ullekha zravaNavelagola ke zilAlekha na0 43 meM kiyA hai aura jinakI mRtyu IsvI san 1123 meM batalAI gaI hai| isase kani 1115 se 1120 taka jAna par3atA hai| kIrtivarmA yaha cAlukya vaMzIya (solakI) mahArAja trailokya malla kA putra thaa| trailokyamalla ne san 1044 se taka rAjya kiyA hai / isa ke cAra putra the vikramAkadeva (1076 se 1126), jayasiha, viSNuvardhana, vijayA aura kItivarmA / kIrtivarmA trailokyamalla kI jainadharma dhAraNa karanevAlI ketaladevI rAnI ke garbha se utpanna hayA thaa| ketaladevI ne saikar3oM jainamandira banavAye the| usake banavAe hue mandiro ke khaDahara aura unake zilAlekha aba karnATaka prAntameM usake nAmakA smaraNa karAte haiM / kIrtivarmA ke banAye hue granthoM meM se isa samaya kevala eka 'govaidya' gantha prApta hai| isameM pazuoM ke vividha rogoM kA aura unakI cikitsA kA vistArapUrvaka varNana hai| isase jAna ki vaha kevala kavi hI nahIM vaidya bhI thaa| govaidya ke eka padya meM usane apane liye kIrticandra, vairikarihari, kandarpa mati, samyaktva ratnAkara, budhabhavya bAndhava, vaMdya ratnapAla, kavitAbdhicandra kIrtivilAsa prAdi vizeSaNa diye haiN| rihari' vizeSaNa usake bar3A vIra tathA yoddhA hone ko sUcita karatA hai| usane apane gurU kA nAma devacanda batalAyA hai| zravaNa velagola ke 40 ve zilAlekha meM rAghava pANDavIya kAvya ke kartA zrutakIrti vidya ke samakA jina devacanda kI stuti kI hai saMbhavataH ve hI kIrtivarmA ke guru hoM athavA anya koI devcnd| inakA samaya san 1125 I0 hai| 1. vyavahAra gaNita ke pratyeka puSpikA gadya vAkya se kavi ke guru ke nAma kA patA calatA hai-iti zubhacandradeva yoga pAdAravindamattamadhukarAyamAnamAnasAnandita sakalagaNita tatvavilAse vineyajana nute zrI rAjyAditya viracite vyavahAra gnnite-ityaadi|

Page #369
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya / yaqodaa paNDita boppaNa boppaNa paNDita-mujanottaMsa isakA upanAma thaa| AccaNNa, pArzva, kezirAja prAdi kaviyoM ne isakI bahuta prazaMsA kI hai / kezirAjane isakA 'sukavimamAjanuta, kaha kara ullekha kiyA hai aura isako grantha paddhAta ko lakSyabhUta mAna kara apanI racanA kI hai| isame jAna par3atA hai ki yaha aneka granthoM kA racayitA hogaa| parantu isa samaya usakI kevala do choTI-choTI racanAe~ hI milatI haiN| jinameM se eka to 'gommaTezvara, kI stuti hai aura dUsarI nirvANalakSmI pati nakSatramAlikA, nAma kI kavitA hai| gommaTezvara kI stuti meM kanar3I ke 27 padya hai jo zravaNabelagulake 85 (234) ve zilAlekha meM akita hai| 'nirvANalakSmIpati nakSatramAlikA meM bhI 27 kanar3I padya haiN| kavi ne gommaTezvara kI stuti saiddhAntika cakrezvara nayakIrti ke ziSya AdhyAtmika bAlacandra kI preraNA se racI thii| isase spaSTa hai ki kavi bAlacandra ke samakAlIna thaa| zravaNa belagula kA 85 vAM zilAlekha zaka saMvat 1102 san 1980 kA likhA huA hai / ataH kavi kA samaya 12vI zatAbdI hai / jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 1 pR0 169 vIranandI mUlasaMgha dezIyagaNa ke prAcArya meghacandra vidya deva ke pAtmaja aura ziSya the, jinakI tAkika cakravartI. siddhAntezvara-zikhAmaNi traividya deva upAdhiyAM thii| jaisA ki prAcArasAra ke nimna prazasti vAkya se prakaTa hai: vaidagdhazrI vadhaTI patiratulaguNAlaMkRtimeghacandrastravidyasyAtmajAto madanamahibhRto bhedane vajrapAtaH // saiddhAntivyUhacar3AmaNiratnuphalacintAmaNibhUjanAmA / yo'bhUta sojanyarundrazriyamavati mahAvIranandI munIndraH // -AcArasAra 12, 42 prAcArya vIranandI caturatA rUpI lakSmI ke svAmI haiM, anupama guNoM se alaMkRta haiN| meghacandra vidyadeva ke prAtmaja-pUtra haiM, aura kAmadeva rUpI parvata ko bhedana karane liye vaja ke samAna haiM, siddhAnta zAstrajJoM ke samUha meM cUr3AmaNi haiM, aura pRthvI-maDala ke logoM ko icchita phala dene vAle uttama cintAmaNi haiN| aise zrI vIranandI muni sajjanatA rUpa saghana lakSmI kI sadA rakSA kiyA karate haiN| prastuta vIranandI apane samaya ke acche vidvAna the| unhoMne apane AcArasAra meM apane guru meghacandra kI bar3I prazaMsA kI hai| cUMki meghacandra vidyadeva kA svargavAsa zaka sa0 1037 (vi0 saMvat 1172) meM magasiramudI caturdazI vahaspativAra ke dina dhanurlagna meM haA thaa| jaisA ki zravaNabelagola ke zilAlekha naM047 ke nimna vAkya se prakaTa hai: "sakavarSa 1037 neya manmathasaMvatsarada mArgasira suddha 14 vRhavAra dhanulagnada pUrvANhadArughaligeyappA galu zrImUlasavada desiyagaNada pustaka gaccha zrI meghacandra vidyadeva tammavazAna kAlamanaridu palyaMkAzana dolidu prAmabhAvaneyaM bhAvisuttaM devalokakke sandarAbhAvaneyentappudendoDe / " anantabodhAtmakamAtmatattvaM nidhAyacetasyapahAya heyaM / vidya nA mA muni meghacandro divaMgato bodhanidhi viziSTAma // inake pramukha ziSya prabhAcandra nAma ke the| inhIM prabhAcandra siddhAnta devane mahA pradhAna daNDa nAyaka gaMgarAja dvArA meghacandra kI niSadyA kA nirmANa karAyA thaa| pravacanasArAdi granthoM ke TIkAkAra prAcArya jayasena ne paMcAsti kAya kI dUsarI gAthA kI TIkA meM prAcArya 1. mUlasagha kRta pustaka gaccha dezIyodyaGgaNAdhipasutAkika cakravartI / saiddhAntikezvarazikhAmaNimeSacandrastravidya deva iti sadvibudhAH stuvanti // 26 // zravaNa jaina le0 saM0 bhA01 le.naM0 47 pu. 58

Page #370
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 vIranandI ke 'pAcArasAra' ke caturtha adhikAra ke 65, 66 naM0 ke do zloka uddhRta kiye haiM / aura DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhye ne apanI pravacanasAra kI prastAvanA meM prAcArya jayasena kA samaya 1150 I0 ke bAda vikrama kI 12vIM zatAbdI kA uttarArdha nizcita kiyA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki prAcArya jayasena vIranandI ke hI samakAlIna the: kyoMki prAcArasAra ke mUla race jAne ke kucha samaya bAda prAcArya voranando ne 1153 A.D. (vi0 saM0 1210) meM usa para eka kanar3I TIkA bnaaii| isase prAcArya vIranandI kA samaya vi. kI 12vIM zatAbdI kA uttarArdha aura 13vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha hai| ve 13vIM zatAbdI meM 10varSa jIvita rahe haiM / kyoMki kannaDa TIkA uma samaya racI gaI hai| inake ziSya neminAtha ne prAcArya somadeva ke 'nItivAkyAmRta' kI kanar3a TIkA banAI hai| ___ 'prAcArasAra' saMskRta bhASA kA apUrva grantha hai| isameM zravaNoM - muniyoM kI kriyAoM kA- unake prAcAravicAra kA-- varNana kiyA gayA hai| mAtha hI anya Avazyaka viSayoM kA bhI samAveza kiyA gayA hai / isa grantha meM 'mulAcAra' ke samAna 12 adhikAra diye haiM, mUlAcAra aura AcArasAra kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana karane se patA calatA hai ki vIranandI ne mUlAcAra ko sAmane rakhakara isakI racanA kI hai| prAdi anta maMgala aura prazasti ko choDakara zeSa saba ilokoM kA malAcAra ke sAtha ghaniSTha sambandha jAna par3atA hai| hAM, vipaya varNana kI kramavaddhatA to nahIM hai| mUlAcAra ke 12vaM paryApti adhikAra kA varNana AcArasAra ke tIsare cauthe sarga meM pAyA jAtA hai| isakI talanA maine jana si0 bhA0 bhAga 6 kI prathama kiraNa meM dI haI hai| grantha para vIranandI kI kannaDa TIkA bhI hai, jo abhI prakAzita nahIM huii| gaNadhara koti yaha mani gujarAta ke nivAsI the| inhoMne apanI guru parampaga prazasti meM nimna prakAra dI hai sAgara nandI, svarNanandI, padmanandI, puSpadanta kuvalayacandra aura gaNadhara kIrti / yaha prAcArya puppadanta ke praziSya aura kuvalayacandra ke ziSya the| inhoMne kinhI somadeva ke pratibodhanArtha, gUDha artha aura saMketa ko dUrane vAlI somadevAcArya kI 'dhyAna vidhi' nAmaka 40 padyAtmaka dhyAna grantha para TIkA likhI hai' / TIkA kA nAma adhyAtma taraMgiNI hai| isameM bhagavAna AdinAtha kI dhyAnAvasthA kA varNana karate hae dhyAnoM kA svarUpa aura vidhi kA vidhAna kiyA hai| isa TIkA kA nAma adhyAtmataraMgiNI hai| lekhakoM kI kRpA se mUlagrantha kA nAma bhI adhyAtma taraMgiNI ho gayA hai / gaNadhara kIti ne vATa grAma (vaTapadra) jahAM vIrasenAcArya ne dhavalA TIkA likhI thI / vahAM zUbhatU ga deva ka vasati' nAma kA janamandira thaa| vahIM para gaNadhara kIrti ne yaha TIkA vikramasaMvata 1186 san 1132 meM caitra zukla paMcamI ravivAra ke dina gajagata ke cAlukya vaMzIya rAjA jayasiMha yA siddharAja jayasiMha ke rAjya kAla meM banAkara samApta kI hai-jaisA usake nimna padya se prakaTa hai : ekAdaza zatAkIrNe navAzItyuttare pre| saMvatsare zabhe yoge puSya nakSatrasaMjJake // 17 caitramAse site pakSe'tha paMcamyAM ravau dine| siddhA siddhipradA TIkA gaNabhatkIti vipazcitaH // 18 nistrizata jitArAti vijayazrI viraajni| jayasiMhadeva saurAjye sajjanAnanda dAyani / / 16 bhaTTavosari yaha digambarAcArya dAmanandI ke ziSya the| inhoMne dAmanandI ke pAsa se pAyoM ke guhya rahasya 1. zrI somamena pratibodhanArtha dharmAmidhAnoccayazaH sthirArthAH / gUDhArthasandehaharA prazastA TIkA kRtAdhyAtma taraMgiNI yam /

Page #371
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 137 ko jAnakara 'prAyajJAnatilaka' kI racanA kI hai / yaha prazna vidyA se sambandha rakhane vAlA mahatvapUrNa grantha hai| isameM praznoM ke zubhAzubha phala ko jAnane aura batalAne kI kalA kA nirdeza hai / grantha kI gAthA saMkhyA 415 hai / paura nimna 25 prakaraNa haiM jinake nAma isa prakAra haiM-1 prAyasvarUpa, 2 pAtavibhAga, 3 aAyAvasthA, 4 grahayoga, 5 pRcchA kAryajJAna, 6 zubhA'zubha, 7 lAbhA'lAbha, 8 roganirdeza, 6 kanyA parIkSaNa 10 bhUlakSaNa, 11 garbhaparijJAna, 12 vivAha, 13 gamanAgamana, 14 paricayajJAna, 15 jaya-parAjaya, 16 valakSaNa, 17 ardhakANDa, 18 naSTa parijJAna, 19 taponirvAha parijJAna, 20 jIvitamAna, 21 nAmAkSaroddeza, 22 praznAkSara-sakhyA, 23 saMkIrNa, 24 kAla, 25 paura ckrpuujaa| grantha para granthakAra kI banAI huI svoSajJa eka saMskRta TIkA hai, usame hI grantha ke viSaya kI jAnakArI hotI hai| saMbhavataH granthakAra pahale prajaina rahe hoM, bAda meM jaina saMskAroM se saMskRta hokara jaina dharma meM dIkSita hae hoM aura digambarAcArya dAmanandI ke ziSya hue hoN| jina dAmanandI kA unhoMne apane ko ziSya batalAyA hai ve vahI jAna par3ate haiM jinakA zravaNa belagola ke lekha naM 55 (66) meM ullekha hai, jinhoMne mahAvAdI viSNu bhaTTako bAda meM parAjita kiyA thA-pIsa DAlA thA, isI se use 'viSNabhadra-gharaTra' likhA hai| ye dAmanandI zilAlekhAnusAra una prabhAcandrAcArya ke sadharmA (sAthI athavA grubhaaii| the jinake caraNa dhArAdhipati bhoja dvArA pUjita the| aura jinhe mahAprabhAvaka una gopanandI prAcArya kA sadharmA likhA hai jinhoMne kuvAdi daitya dharjaTi ko bAda meM parAjita kiyA thaa| yadi yaha kalpanA sahI hai to unake ziSya kA samaya 12vIM zatAbdI ho sakatA hai / nAga candra nAgacandra-inakA dUsarA nAva abhinava pampa hai| bhAratI karNapUra, kavitA manohara, sAhitya vidyAdhara sAhitya sarvajJa, aura sUkti muktavataMsa prAdi aneka kavi ke nAma athavA bigdathe / yaha vidvAna hone ke sAtha dhanavAna bhI thaa| isane vipula dhana lagAkara 'mallinAtha' kA eka vizAla jinamandira bIjApura meM banavAyA thaa| jo isakA nivAsa sthAna thaa| usI samaya nAgacandra ne 'mallinAtha purANa' kI racanA kI thii| jo 14 AzvAsoM meM varNita hai| grantha gadya-padya maya campU zailI meM likhA gayA hai| kathana zailI manamohaka hai aura marama hai| inake guru vakra gaccha ke vidvAna meghacandra ke sahAdhyAyI bAlacandra the / bAlacandra nAma ke kaI muni ho gae haiM jinameM eka pustaka gaccha bhukta nayakIti ke ziSya the / aura prAkRta granthoM ke kanaDI TIkAkAra hone se prAdhyAtmika bAlacandra kahalAte haiN| ye san 1992 taka jIvita the| dUsare bAlacandra vakra gaccha ke the aura vIranandI siddhAnta cakravartI ke guru meghacandra (pUjyapAda kRta samAdhi zataka yA samAdhitatra ke TIkAkAra) ke sahAdhyAyI the| yahI dUsare bAlacandra ke guru the| kavi kI dUsarI kRti rAmAyaNa athavA pampa rAmAyaNa hai / yaha bahuta hI sundara evaM sarasa grantha hai| isakA sabhI adhyayana karate haiN| karnATaka deza meM isakA bar3A pracAra hai| yaha grantha bhI gadya-padya maya hai| jina maura jinAkSara mAlA ye do grantha bhI inake banAye hue kahe jAte haiM parantu unakI racanA sAdhAraNa aura mahatvahIna hone ke kAraNa ukta kavi kI kRti nahIM mAlUma pdd'tii| saMbhava hai unake racayitA koI dUsare hI kavi hoM / inakA samaya san 1105 (vi0 saM0 1240) ke lagabhaga hai| 1. dAmanandi guruNo'maNyaM ayANa jANiyaM gujjha / taM AyaNANatilae vokhariNA bhannae payarDa // 2 // " 2. "za (sa) vIyazAstrasAreNa yatkRtaM janamaMDanaM / tadAya zAna tilaka svayaM viviyate mayA // " AyajJAna tilaka

Page #372
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 guNabhadra guNabhadra- mUlasaMgha, dezIyagaNa, pustakagaccha aura koNDa kundAnvaya ke divAkara the| inake ziSya nayakIrtisiddhAntadeva the aura prazipya bhAnUkIrti, jinheM zaka saM0 1065 ke vijaya saMvat meM hoyasala vaMza ke ballAla nareza ne pArzva vratIndra ko caubIsaveM tIrthakaroM kI pUjana hetu 'mAruhalli' nAma kA eka gA~va dAna meM diyA thaa| pratApakha inakA samaya vi0 saMmbat 1230 hai / aura gaNabhadra kA samaya isase 30 varSa pahale mAnA jAya to bhI vikrama kI vIM zatAbdo kA antima caraNa ho sakatA hai|' (dekho, jainalekha saM0 bhA0 110385) karNapArya-ke kaNNaya, karNaya, aura kaNNamaya Adi nAmAntara haiN| ye nAma isake granthoM meM jagaha-jagaha pAye jAte haiN| kile kala darga ke svAmI govardhana yA gopana rAjA ke vijayAditya, lakSmaNa yA lakSmI dhara vardhamAna aura zAnti nAma ke cAra putra the| inameM se kavi lakSmIdhara kA prAthita thaa| isa kavi ke banAye hae neminAtha purANa, vIreza carita aura mAlatI mAdhava ye tIna grantha batAye jAte haiN| parantu isa samaya kebala neminAtha pUrANa hI upalabdha hai| isameM 22 va tIrthakara neminAtha kA carita varNita hai| grantha meM 14 prAzvAsa haiM aura vaha campU rUpa hai / prazasti se jJAta hotA hai ki use kavi ne lakSmIdhara kI preraNA se banAyA hai| isameM lakSmIdhara rAjA kI aura kRSNa ko samatA batalA kara stuti kI hai / lakSmIdhara ke guru nemicandra muni the, aura kavi ke guru kalyANa kIti the| kalyANa kIti maladhAri guNacandra ke zipya aura meghacandra vidyadeva ke-jo san 1115 meM mRtyu ko prApta hae haiN| satIrtha yA sahapAThI the| guNacandra bhavanakamalla rAjA (1166 se 1067 taka ) ke samaya meM unake guru the| kavitA saMgama praura lalita hai| rudrabhadra (1280 aNDavya (1235) maMgarasa 1506) aura doDDayya Adi kaviyoM ne isakI prazaMsA kI hai| (karnATaka jainakavi) zrutakIti-(paMcavastu vyAkaraNa grantha ke kartA)nandi saMgha kI gurvAvalI meM zrutakIti ko vaiyAkaraNa bhAskara likhA hai / ' zrutakIrti kI guru paramparA jJAta nahIM hai / aura ukta vyAkaraNa graMtha meM kartA kA nAma nahIM hai| grantha ke pAMcave patra meM zrutakIti nAma pAyA hai| jisase mAlUma hotA hai ki ve vyAkaraNa graMtha ke racayitA haiM : "yAma-vaira-varNa kara-caraNAdInAM saMdhInAM bahanAM saMbhavatvAt sazayAna: zipyaH sa pracchatisma-kassandhiriti / sajJAsvara prakRti halaja visarga janmA sandhistU itIttha mihAharanye / tatra svara prakRti halja vikalpato'smina saMdhi vidhA kathayati zrutakInigaryaH / " __ kanar3I bhASA ke 'candraprabha carita' nAmaka graMtha ke kartA aggala kavi ne zrutakIrti ko apanA guru batalAyA hai / "idu paramapurunAthakulabhUbhRta samudbhUta pravacana saritsarinnAtha-zrutakIti traividya cakravati pada padmanidhAna dIpavati zrImadaggala deva viracite candraprabhacarite-" ityaadi| yaha candraprabha carita zaka saM0 1011 (vi0 saM0 1146) meM bana kara samApta huA hai| ataeva yaha zrutakIti vidya cakravartI vikrama kI 12 vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna haiN| vRtti vilAsa vRtti vilAsa-yaha amarakIti ke ziSya the| isake do graMthoM kA-dharma parIkSA aura zAstra sAra kA-patA calatA hai| dharma parIkSA, amitagatikRta saMskRta dharma parIkSA ke AdhAra se banAI hai| isakI racanA bahuta hI sarala paura sundara hai| isake gadya-padya maya daza prAzvAsa haiN| prArambha meM vardhamAna svAmI kI stuti kI hai, phira siddhaparameSThI, yakSa yakSiNI aura sarasvatI ko namaskAra kara kevaliyoM se lekara dvitIya hemadeva taka gurutroM kA smaraNa kiyA hai| graMtha ke anta meM nimna puSpikA vAkya diyA hai:-vinamadamaramukuTataTaghaTitamaNigaNamarIci maJjarI pujaraMjita 1 vidya- zrutakIAkhyo vaiyAkaraNa bhAskaraH /

Page #373
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, prAcArya pAdaravindabhagavadarhatyaramezvaravadanavinirgata zrutAmbhodhivarddhana sudhAkare zrImadamarakItirAvallavratIzvaracaraNa sarasIruha SaTpadavRttivilAsaviracite dharmaparIkSA graMthe-'pAdi gadya diyA hai| dUsare natha zAstrasAra kA kucha bhAga 'prAka kAvyamAlA' nAma kI kanar3I-grathamAlA meM prakAzita hayA hai| paraMtu pUrA graMtha isa samaya prApya nahIM hai / kavi ne apane graMtha meM apane samaya Adi kA kucha bhI paricaya nahI diyA hai| paraMtu kavi ne jina zubhakIti vratI, saiddhAntika mAghanandi yati, bhAnU kItiyati, dharmabhUpaNa, amara kIti (kavi kA garu), abhayasUrI, vAdIzvara Adi jainAcAryoM kA stavana kiyA hai| unake samaya kA vicAra karane meM isakA samaya 1160 ke lagabhaga nizcita hotA hai| ukta AcAryoM meM se zubhakIti 1115 meM divagata hone vAle meghacandra ke samakAlIna the| mAghanandi saMddhAntikA samaya 1160 hai bhAnukoti 1163 meM samAdhistha hone vAle devakIna ke sahapAThI the| prabhayasari ballAla nareza aura cArukIti paNDita ke samakAlIna the| kyoMkisA ula nakha milatA hai ki abhayasari ne ina donoM ko eka bar3I bhArI vyAdhi se mukta karake zravaNa belagola meM nivAsa karAyA thaa| ballAla viSNavardhana rAjA kA bhAI thA ora cArukIti zrutakIti kA putra thaa| zravaNavelagula ke jana guruyA 'cArakati paNDitAcArya' kA pada 1117 ke anaMtara dhAraNa kiyA thaa| isase mAlUma hotA hai ki yaha trArukAta zravaNa valagAla kA prathama cArukIti paNDita hogaa| zravaNa belagola ke 111 va zilAlekha meM vizAlakAni ka zipya zubhakIti, zabhakIti ke ziSya dharmabhUSaNa aura dharmabhUSaNa ke ziSya amarakIti batalAye gaye hai| prAraguna kati 1115 meM divagata hone vAle meghacandra ka samakAlIna hai / isaliye zubhakIti ke ziSya dharmabhUSaNa pAra prAgAya anarakIti kA samaya 1150 ke lagabhaga honA cAhiye / zilAlekha ko yaha guru paramparA dharmaparIkSollikhita garAramparA sa barAbara milatI hai| kintu yaha zilA lekha zaka 1265 paridhAvisaMvatsara kA hai| ata: samaya vicAraNAya hai| dekhA, karnATaka jaina kavi chatrasena-kASThAsaMgha mAtharAnvaya ke vidvAna prAcArya the / jo ucchaNa nagara meM apane vyAgyAnA sa samasta sabhAjanoM ko santuSTa kiyA karate the' / ucchaNa nagara meM usa samaya paramAravagIya mailaka (madanadava ) nAma ke rAjA kA pautra cAmuNDarAja kA vijayarAja putra sthalideza kA zAsaka thA / ukta nagara meM usa samaya bhUpaNa nAmaka eka jaina zrAvaka ne AdinAtha kA eka manohara jina mandira banavAkara usameM vaSabhanAtha (grAdinAtha) kI pratimA kI vi0 saM01166 vaizAkha sudI tIja somavAra san 1106I0 ko pratiSThA sampanna karAI thI / ataH prastuta chatramenAcArya kA samaya IsA ko11vI zatAbdI kA antima caraNa aura 12vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha hai| sAgaranandI sidvAntadeva sAgaranandI siddhAnta deva-mUlasaMgha dezIyagaNa pustaka gaccha koNDakundAnvaya kolhApUra sAmanta vasadi se pratibaddha mAdhanandi ke praziSya aura zubhacandratravidyadeva ke ziSya the| recirasa senApatine 1200 IsvI ke lagabhaga zravaNa belagola meM zAntinAtha kA mandira banavAyA thaa| kalacuri kula ke sacivottama recaraga ne ballAladeva ke caraNoM meM pAzraya pAkara Arasiya kere meM sahastrakUTa jinAlaya kI sthApanA kii| bhagavAna kI aSTavidhapUjA, pUjArI aura sevako kI AjIvikA tathA mandira kI marammata ke lie rAjA ballAla ne 'handara hallu' grAma prApta karake ukta sAgara nandi ko pradAna kiyaa| recasa dvArA sthApita isa sahastrakUTa jinAlaya ke lie jainoM dvArA eka karor3a rupayA ikThA 1. yo mAthurAnvaya nabhasthalatigmabhAnoAkhyAnaraMjitasamastasabhAjanasya / zrIcchatramena sagurozcaraNAraviMda sevAparobhavadanyamanAH sadaiva // 11 -aVNA zilAlekha ajamera myUjiyam 2. vikrama saMvat 1166 vaizAkha sudI 3 some vRSabhanAthasya pratiSThA / zrIvRSabhanAtha dhAmnaH pratiSThite bhUSaNena bimbamidaM ucchaNaka nagaresminniha jagato vRSabhanAthasya / / 26 athaNAlekha varSa sahasra yAte SaT SaSThayuttara zatena saMyukta / vikrama bhAnoH kAle sthali viSaya bhavati sati vijaya rAjye

Page #374
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 3 kiyA gayA, usase mandira tathA usakI cahAra dIvAra banavAI gii| isa jinAlaya ke nirmANa meM 7 karor3a logoM ko sahAyatA hone se isakA nAma 'elkoTi jinAlaya' rakkhA gyaa| prArasiya kere ke logoM ne zAntinAtha kA eka mandira aura banavAyA thaa| usake prabandha ke liye dAna diyA thaa| jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 3 pR0 311 arhanandi prahanandi-mUlasaMgha dezIgaNa aura pustaka gaccha ke prAcArya mAghanandi siddhAnta deva ke ziSya the| jo rUpa nArAyaNa vasadi ke prAcArya the| zaka saM0 1073 (san 1151) meM kAmagAbuNDa ke dvArA banavAe hue mandira ke, jo kSallakapura (kolhApura) meM rUpanArAyaNa vasadike nAma se prasiddha hai| pArzvanAtha bhagavAna kI praSTa prakArI pUjA ke ndira kI marammata tathA munijanoM ke AhArArtha vijayAdityadeva ne apane mAmA sAmanta lakSmaNa kI preraNA se bhUmikA dAna diyaa| isa kAraNa arhanandi kA samaya IsA kI 12vIM zatAbdI kA madhyakAla hai| -jainalekha saM0 bhA02 pR066 mAilla dhavala yaha dravya svabhAva nayacakra ke kartA mAilla dhavala haiN| jo devasena ke ziSya the| unhoMne nayacakra ke kartA devasena guru ko namaskAra kiyA hai aura unheM syAt zabda se yukta sunaya ke dvArA durnaya rUpI daitya ke zarIra kA vidAraNa karane meM zreSTha vIra batalAyA hai| yathA siysdsunnydunnnnyvnnudeh-vidaarnnekkvrviirN| taM devaseNadevaM NayacakkayaraM guru Namaha // 423 graMtha kartA ne kunda kundAcArya ke zAstra se sAra grahaNa karake apane aura dUsaroM ke upakAra ke lie dravya svabhAva nayacakra kI racanA kI hai / isa grantha meM 425 gAthAe~ hai / grantha nimna 12 adhikAroM meM vibhAjita hai / jaisA ki usakI nimna do gAthAoM se spaSTa hai : guNapajjAyA daviyaM kAyA paMcatthi satta taccANi / aNNe viNava payatthA pamANa-Naya taha ya NikkhevaM // daMsaNaNANacaritte kamaso uvyaarbhedidrehi| davvAsahAvapayAse prahiyArA bArasaviyappA // ya. vya. pacAstikAya, sAtatattva, nau padArtha, pramANa, naya, nikSepa aura upacAra tathA nizcaya naya ke bheda se samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyaka cAritra / ina vAraha adhikAroM meM dravyAnuyoga kA kathana samAviSTa ho jAtA hai| kyoMki jaina siddhAnta meM chaha dravya pAMca astikAya, saptatattva, aura nau padArtha haiN| gaNa aura paryAyoM kA pAdhAra dravya hai aura pramANa naya nikSepa jJeyoM ke jAnane ke sAdhana / cAritra mokSa ke mArga haiN| isa taraha isa nayacakra meM sabhI jJeyoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| mAilla dhavala ne 420vIM gAthA meM likhA hai ki dohoM meM racita zAstra ko sunate hI zubhaMkarane haMsa diyA paura bolA-isa rUpa meM yaha grantha zobhA nahIM detA, gAthAoM meM isakI racanA kro| suNiUNa vohasatthaM sigdhaM hasiUNa suhaMkaro bhnnh| estha Na sohA pratyo gAhAbaMSeNa taM bhaNaha // 420 patya kartA ne isa dohA baddha dravyasvabhAvaprakAzaka nayacakra ko kaba kisane aura kahAM banAyA, isakA koI ullekhanahIM kiyA / dravya svabhAva prakAza ko dohAmoM meM racA humA dekhA, paura use mAilla dhavala ne gAthA baddha kiyaa| vavvasahAvapayAsaM dohayabaMSeNa prAsi jaM viThaM / taMgAhAvaMdhaNa raiyaM mAilla SavaleNa // 424

Page #375
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya samaya grantha meM racanAkAla diyA huA nahIM hai / zrataH yaha nizcaya karane meM kaThinAI hotI hai ki yaha grantha kaba zrIra kahA~ racA gyaa| purAtAttvika, va lekhAdi sAmagrI bhI upalabdha nahIM hai / ataH grantha ke antaH parIkSaNa dvArA isa samasyA sulajhAne kA yatna kiyA jAtA hai / dravya svabhAva prakAzaka nayacakra meM aneka granthakAroM ke padyoM ko ukta ca vAkya ke sAtha uddhRta kiyA gayA hai / aura vikrama kI terahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna pa0 AzAdhara jI dvArA iSTopadeza TIkA kA nirmANa saM0 1285 se pUrva ho gayA thA, kyoMki saM0 1285 meM race jAne vAle jina yajJakalpa ko prazasti meM iSTopadeza TIkA kA ullekha hai / iSTopadeza ke 22veM padya kI TIkA ke antargata dravya svabhAva prakAza nayacakra kI 349 vIM gAthA uddhata hai : gahiyaM taM supraNANA pacchA saMveyaNeNa bhAvijjA / jo gahu suya mavalaMvai so mujjhai appasambhAve || 346 // 341 cUki AzAdhara 13 vI zatAbdI ke vidvAna haiM / ataH dravya svabhAvaprakAza kI racanA saM0 1285 se pUrva huI hai / vaha usake bAda kI racanA nahIM hai / ekatva saptati zrAdi prakaraNoM ke karttA muni padmanandi hai / unakI ekatva saptati ke padya aneka vidvAnoM ne uddhRta kiye haiM / ekatva saptati ke do padyoM ko padmaprabha maladhArI deva ne niyamamAra kI TIkA meM (gAthA 51 - 55 meM) tathA coktamekatvasaptatau nAmollekha ke sAtha ekatva saptati kA 76 vA padya, aura 100vI gAthA kI TIkA meM (36-41) padyoM ko uddhRta kiyA hai| padmaprabha maladhArI deva kA svargavAsa vi sa0 1242 me huA thA / ataH padmanandi kI ekatva saptati ma01242 se pUrva banakara pracAra meM grA cukI thI / isa ekatva saptati kI eka kanar3I TIkA hai jisake kartA padmanandivratI hai jinakI 3 upAdhiyA pAI jAtI haiN| paMDita deva, vratI aura muni / yaha zubhacandra rAddhAnta deva ke agra ziSya the aura unake vidyA guru the kanakanandi paNDita / padmananda muni ne amRtacandra kI vacana candrikA se prAdhyAtmika vikAsa prApta kiyA thA aura nimbarAja nRpati ke sambodhanArtha ekatva saptati kI kanar3I vRtti racI thI / " prastuta nimbarAja zilAhAra vaMzIya gaNDarAditya nareza ke sAmanta the / unhoMne kolhApura meM apane adhipati ke nAma se 'rUpanArAyaNa vasadi, nAmaka jaina mandira kA nirmANa karAyA thA / tathA kArtika vadi 5 zaka saM0 1058 ( vi0 saM0 1993) kolhApura meM miraja ke Asa-pAsa ke grAmoM kA Apane dAna diyA thA / ekatvasaptati ke karttA padyanandi aura kanar3I vRtti ke karttA padmanandi vratI donoM bhinna bhinna vidvAna hai / padmanandi pacavizatikA ke karttA padmanandi vikrama kI 12vIM ke pUrvArdha ke vidvAna jAna par3ate hai / ataH dravyasvabhAva prakAza nayacakra ke karttA mAilla dhavala 12 vI zatAbdI ke madhyakAla ke vidvAna honA cAhiye / kumudacandra kumudacandra nAma ke aneka vidvAna AcArya ho gae haiM / unameM kalyANa mandira stotra ke racayitA bhinna kavi haiM / 1. zrIpadmanandivRti nirmite yam ekatvasaptatya khilArtha pUrtiH // vRttizcira nimbanRpa prabodhalabdhAtmavRtti rjayatAM jagatyAm / svasti zrIzu racandrarAddhAntadevAya ziSyeNa kanakanandipaNDitavAgrasmivikasitahRtkumudAnanda zrImad amRtacandra candrikonmIlitanetrotpalAvalokitAzeSAdhyAtmatatvavedinA padmanandimuninA zrImajjai nasudhAbdhivardhanakarA pUrNendurArAti vIra zrIpatinimbarAjAvabodhanAya kRtaikatvasaptateSu tiriyam - tajjJAH saMpravadanti satatamiha zrIpadmanandi vratI kAmadhvaMsaka ityalaM tadamRta teSAM vacassarvathA aMgrejI prastAvanA padmanandi paMcaviMzati pR0 17 -

Page #376
342 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 kalyANa mandira stotra pArzvanAtha kA stavana hai / isa kA AdivAkya 'kalyANa mandira' se| ne ke kAraNa yaha stotra kalyANamandira ke nAma se prasiddha ho gayA hai| prastuta stavana me 44 padya hai| una meM 43 padya basantatilakA chanda meM aura antima padya prAvitta meM hai| isameM tevIsavaM tIrthakara pArzvanAtha kA stavana kiyA gayA hai| yaha stavana digambara zvetAmbara dono hI sampradAyo meM mAnA jAtA hai| yadyapi digambaro me isa stotra kI bar3I bhArI mAnyatA hai| sabhI strI purupa vAlaka bAlikAeM isakA nitya pATha karate dekhe jAte hai / anekoM ko yaha stavana kaNThastha hai| aura anekoM ko pa.vanAramIdAsa kRta hindI padyAnuvAda kaNThastha hai| vetAmbara sampradAya me kalyANamandira stotra kA kartA siddhamena divAkara ko batalAyA gayA hai aura unakA apara nAma kumudacandra mAnA gayA hai / siddhamena divAkara kA dUsarA nAma kumudacandra prAcIna itihAsa se siddha nahI hotA Ara na unhoMne kahI apane ima dvitIyanAma kA kArDa ullekha hI kiyA hai| parantu arvAcIna kucha granthakAro ne unakA apara nAma kumuda candra gaDha liyA hai / jisakA itihAsa se koI samarthana nahIM hotA kintu kalyANa mandira stotra ke vipayavaNana meM kaI bAte zvetAmbara sampradAya ke pratikala pAI jAtI hai| zvetAmbara sampradAya meM tIrthakara ke azoka vakSa, mihAmana, camara aura chatra traya ye cAra prAnihAyaM mAne gae hai| unake bhaktAmara stotra pATha me bhI cAra hI patihArya svIkAra kiye gaye hai| gapa dundubhi, pUrapapTi, bhAmaDala aura divya-dAna chor3a diye gaye hai / Tana grATa pratihAryA kA pAyA jAnA ukta sampradAya ke viparIta hai| dUsare stotra meM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke vairI kamaTha ke jIva zambara yakSandra dvArA kiye gaye bhayakara upasargo kA 'prArabhAramamata'namAmi rajAsi ropAt nAmaka :1 va padya me va padya taka varNana hai, jo digambara pamparA ke anukula aura zvetAmbara paramparA kI mAnyatA ke pratikala hai| kyA ka digambarAcArya yativRpabha kI 'tiloya paNNatti' kI 16.0 na0 kI gAthA meM 'manama tavImatima tittthaya gaNa ca uvamaggo' vAkya se gAlave, tevImave aura antima tIrthakara ke mopasarga hone kA ullekha hai| kintu svetAmbara sampradAya me antima tIrthakara mahAvIra ko chor3akara gepa teIsa tIrthakarI ko nirupamagaM mAnA gayA hai jaimA ki AcArAga niyukti kI nimna gAthA me spaSTa hai:--- sarvesi tavo kammaM niruvasAga tu vaNiNyaM jiNANa / navara ta vaDaDhamANassa sovasagaM muNeyavya / / 276 usame spaSTa hai ki pAravanAtha kA sopasargI honA zvetAmbara mAnyatA ke viruddha hai / aisI sthiti me middhamena divAkara kA ma stotra kA racayitA mAnanA kisI taraha bhI sagata nahIM hai| cittor3a ke di0 jaina kIrtistabha ko zvetAmbara vanAna ka aneka prayatna kiye gaye / mabhavata. zvetAmbara paramparA ka sAdhuo dvArA isa taraha kI itihAsa viruddha anaka ghaTanAe gar3hI gaI hai| jo apramANika hai| prastuta kumudacandra ke hai jinakA gujarAta ke jaryAsaha siddharAja kI gabhA me vi0 sa0 1181 meM zvetAmbarIya vidvAna vAdimUri dava ke sAtha vAda hayA thaa| usa samaya sa hI sabhavataH zvetAmbara sampradAya meM usakA pracAra hA jAna par3atA hai| saMbhavata: usa stotra kI racanA 12vo zatAbdI me huI ho, kyoki vAdideva sUri se kumudacandra kA vAda isI zatAbdI meM huA thaa| yaha to prAyaH nizcita hai ki kalyANamandira bhaktAmara stotra ke bAda kI racanA hai| 1 siddhamenasya dIkSA kAle 'kumudacandra' iti nAmAsIt / mUripadaM punaH 'siddhasena divAkara iti nAma prapadye / tadA divAkara iti mUri: sjnyaa| --prabandha koza-siMdhI jana jJAnapITha zAnti niketana san 1935 I0, vRddhavAdi siddhasena divAkara prabandha pR016 dekho, anekAnta varSa 6 kiraNa 11 pR0 415 2. janmAntare'pi tava pAda yuga na deva | manye mayA mahita mIhitadAnadakSam / tenaha janmani munIza ! parAbhavAnA, jAto niketanamaha mathitAzayAnAm / / 36 -kalyANa mandira stotra

Page #377
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya stavana kitanA bhAvapUrNa evaM sarasa hai ise batalAne kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai pAThakagaNa usakI mahattA me svayaM paricita _ jinendra ke guNoM meM anugaga honA bhakti hai-'guNeSu anugago bhakti' / hAM bhakti ke aneka prakAra haiM / ve saba prakAra sakAmA niSkAmA bhakti meM samAviSTa ho jAte hai| bhakta jaba bItagaga ke guNoM kA anugagI hotA hai| taba usakA hRdaya bhagavata guNAnUgaga meM maravAra rahatA hai, uga mamaya use kisI bhI vastu kI cAha nahIM honI, vaha to kevala vItagaga bhAva meM malagna rahatA hai| vaha usakI niSkAmA bhakti hai, jo kama kSaya meM sAdhaka hAtI hai| bhakta jaba kisI vAMchA se bhagavAna ke guNa gAna karatA hai taba usakI abhilASA icchita padArtha kI prApti ko prora hotI hai, vaha bAhya meM stavana karatA hai, hAtha jor3atA hai, vinaya karatA hai kintu aAntarika bhAvanA pahika :cchA kI pUrti kI prora rahatI hai| isI kA nAma sakAmA bhakti hai, aAjakala ugake rUpa meM bhI parivartana ho gayA hai / uga bhakti meM jitane aMza meM viddhi hotI hai utane aMza meM karma nirjaga ora pANakA vadha hotA hai| kavi kahatA hai ki he deva ! mujhemA laga rahA hai ki janmAntara meM maiMne manavAchina phalI vAle grApa ke caraNa kamaloM kI pUjA nahI kI, mI he manIya / maiM ga bhava meMhadaya bheda narakArI kA nizAna hayA / yadi maine janmAntara meM Apake caraNoM kI pUjA kI hotI to mujhe vizvAsa hai ki merI prApadA avarapa Tala jaatii| prAkariNato'pi nahito'pi nirIkSito'pi, nanaM na cetasi mayA vidhutosi bhktyaa| jAto'smi tena jana bAndhava da:khapAtraM yasmAtkriyA pratiphalanti na bhAva zUnyAH ||3he nAtha ! maiMne aApakA caritra manA, Apake caraNoM kI pUjA bhI kI, Apake darzana bhI ki, kintu nizcaya se maine bhakti se ApakA hRdaya meM dhAraNa nahI kiyA hai, umIme me duHgya kA pAtra hunAha , kyAki mAtra gunya kriyAe phalavatI nahI hotii| kavi bhagavAna kI bhakti ko samasta du:khoM kA nAzaka mAnatA hai: tvaM nAtha ! duHkha jana-vatsala he zaraNya, kAruNya-puNya-vazate vaMzinAM vareNya / bhaktyA nate mayi maheza ! dayAM vidhAya, duHkhA-kuroddalanatatparatAM vidhehi / he nAtha! Apa dIna dayAla, zaraNAgata pratipAla, karuNAnidhAna yogIndra aura mahezvara hai / ataH bhakti se namrIbhUta mujha para dayA karake mere du:khAMkaroM ko nAza karane meM tatparatA kiijie| kavi apane ArAdhya ke zIla para mugdha hai usakA vizvAsa hai ki bhagavAna kI bhakti vipattiyoM kA dara karane vAlI hai| hRdvati ni tvayi vibho ! zithilIbhavanti jantoH kSaNena nibiDA api karma-bandhAH / sadyo bhujaMgamamayA iva madhya-bhAga mamyAgate vana-zikhaNDini candanasya // he prabho ! Apake hRdaya vartI hone para karmoM ke bandhana usI taraha zithila par3a jAte hai jisa taraha candana ke vakSa para mayura ke pAne para so ke bandhana DhIle par3akara nIce khisakane lagate haiN| isa padya meM kavi ne upamAlaMkAra dvArA pArAdhya ke prabhAva ko vyakta kiyA hai / paM0 banAsIdAsa kRta isakA padyAnuvAda bhI dRSTavya hai : tuma prAvata bhavijana mana mAMhi, karmanibaMdha zithila ho jaaNhi| jyoM candanataruvolahimora, DarahiMbhujaMgalakheM cahuMora // isa taraha yaha stavana atizaya sundara bhAvapUrNa aura sarasa hai / kumudacandra kI yaha kRti mahatvapUrNa hai / zrIcandra yaha kundakundAnvaya dezIgaNa ke prAcArya sahastra kIrti ke praziSya aura vIracandra ke ziSya the| sahasrakIti ke guru zrutakIrti aura praguru zrIkIrti the / sahasrakIrti ke (devacanda, vAsavamuni, udayakIrti, zubhacandra,

Page #378
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 344 aura vIracandra ) pAMca ziSya the| inakA samaya vikrama kI 11vIM zatAbdI ke madhya bhAga se lekara 12vIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArdha taka hai / kavi zrIcandra ne apane ko muni paMDita aura kavi vizeSaNoM ke sAtha ullekhita kiyA hai / kavi kI do racanAeM upalabdha hai / kathAkoSa praura ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra / kathAkoSa - kavi kI prathama kRti jAna par3atI hai / kathAkoza meM trepana sandhiyAM haiM, jinameM vividha vratoM ke anuSThAna dvArA phala prApta karane vAloM kI kathAoMoM kA rocaka DhaMga se sakalana kiyA gayA hai / kathAeM sundara aura sukhada hai / grantha ke prArambha meM maMgala aura pratijJA vAkya ke anantara granthakAra kahate haiM ki maiMne isa grantha meM vahI kahA hai jise gaNadhara ne rAjA zreNika yA bimbasAra se kahA thA, athavA zivakoTi munIndra ne bhagavatI prArAdhanA meM jisa taraha udAharaNasvarUpa aneka kathAoM ke saMkSipta rUpa prastuta kiye haiM / usI taraha guru krama me aura sarasvatI ke prasAda se maiM bhI apanI buddhi ke anusAra kahatA huuN| mUlArAdhanA meM svarga aura apavarga ke sukha sAdhana kA - athavA dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa rUpa puruSArtha catuSTaya kA - gAthAoM meM jo artha prUpita kiyA gayA hai usI artha ko maiM kathAoM dvArA vyakta karUMgA, kyoMki sambandha vihIna kathana guNavAnoM ko rasa pradAna nahIM karatA, ataeva gAthAoM kA prakaTa artha kahatA hUM tuma suno| granthakAra ne deha-bhogoM kI asAratA ko vyakta karate hue aindrika sukhoM ko sukhAbhAsa batalAyA hai| sAtha hI dhana-yauvana aura zArIrika saundayaM vagairaha ko anitya batalAkara mana ko viSaya-vAsanA ke grAkarSaNa se haTane kA sundara evaM zikSAprada upadeza diyA hai aura jinhoMne unako jIta kara prAtma-sAdhanA kI hai unakI kathA vastu hI prastuta grantha kA viSaya hai / ina kathAoM dvArA kavi ne mAnava hRdaya meM nirvedabhAva utpanna karane kA prayatna kiyA hai| prastuta 'kathAkoza aura hariSeNa kI kathAoM meM atyadhika samAnatA hai, zrIcandra ne usase paryApta sahayoga liyA hai| kavi ne grantha meM vaMzastha, samAnikA, paddhar3iyA, duhaDau, (dohA) mAlinI, pralillaha Adi chandoM kA prayoga kiyA hai / ina chandoM meM saMskRta ke varNavRttoM kA prayoga huA hai / jaisA ki nimna udAharaNa se spaSTa hai:"viviha rasarasAle, Neyako UhalAle / laliyavayaNamAle, pratthasaMdohasAle / bhuvaNa-vidida-NAme, savvadoso vasAme iha khalu kahakose, sundare diNNatose // " yaha saMskRta kA mAlinI chanda hai / isameM pratyeka paMkti meM 8 aura7 akSaroM ke bAda yati krama me 15 akSara hote haiM / kavi ne pratyeka pakti ko do bhAgoM meM vibhaktakara yati ke sthAna para zrIra paMkti kI samApti para antyAnuprAsa kA prayoga kara chanda ko navIna rUpa diyA hai / saurASTradeza aNahilapura meM prasiddha prAgvATa vaMza ke nInAnvaya kula meM samutpanna sajjanottama sajjana nAma kA eka zrAvaka thA, jo dharmAtmA thA aura mUlarAja nRpendra kI goSThI meM baiThatA thA / apane samaya meM vaha dharma kA eka AdhAra thA usakA kRSNa nAma kA eka putra thA aura jayantI nAma kI eka putrI thii| jo dharma karma meM nirana, janaziro 1. gahara ho payAmiu jirAvadaraNA, saMNiya ho prAsi garaNavairaNA / / frants murigada jaimajae, kaha kosu kahiu paMcama samae / niha guru kameNa aha mavi kami, niyabuddhi visesu neva rahami / mahu devi sarAma sammuhiyA, saMbhavau samatthu loya mahiyA / bhaNNaho mUlArAhagAheM, saggApavagga susAharaNaheM / - gAhaM sariyA mohAu, bahu kahau asthi raMjiya jaNau / dhammastha kAma mokkhAvAsayau, gAhAsu jAsu saMThiyau tau / tANatthaM bhariNaUNa purau, puraNu kahami kahAu kayAyarau / dhattA - saMbaMdha viharaNu savva vi jAgarasu na dei guNavantahaM / teriya gAAu paryADa vi tAu kahami kahAu surAMtahUM //

Page #379
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 345 maNI paura dAnAdi dvArA caturvidha saMghakA saMyopaka thaa| usakI 'rANU' nAmaka sAdhvI patnI se tIna putra aura cAra putriyA~ utpanna huI thiiN| vIjA, sAhanapAla aura sADhadeva / zrI, zRMgAradevI, mundu aura sokhU, / inameM se sundu yA sundikA vizeSarUpa se jaina dharma ke pracAra aura uddhAra meM ruci rakhatI thii| kRSNa kI santAna ne apane karma kSaya ke hetu kathAkoza ko vyAkhyA karAI / kartA ne bhavyoM kI prArthanA se pUrva prAcArya kI kRti ko racanA ko zrIcandra ke sammukha kii| isI kRSNa zrAvaka kI preraNA se kavi ne ukta kathAkoza ko banAyA thaa| prastuta grantha vikrama kI 11voM zatAbdI kI racanA hai| racanA kAla kavi zrIcandra ne apanA yaha kathA grantha mUlarAja nareza ke rAjyakAla meM aNahilapura pATana meM samApta kiyA thaa| itihAsa se jJAta hotA hai ki mUlarAja solaMkI ne sN| 168 meM cAvaDA vaMzIya apane mAmA sAmantasiMha (bhUyar3a) ko mAra kara rAjya chIna liyA thA / aura svayaM gujagata kI rAjadhAnI pATana (aNahilavAr3e) kI gaddI para baiTha gyaa| isane vi0 saM0 1017 se 1052 taka rAjya kiyA hai / madhya meM mane dharaNI vagaha para bhI car3hA kI thI, taba usane rASTrakUTa rAjA dhavala kI zaraNa lI, aimA dhavala ke vi0 sa0 1053 ke zilAlekha se spaSTa hai / mUlarAja solaMkI cAlukya rAjA bhImadeva kA putra thA, usake tIna putra the mUla rAja, kSamaraja, aura karNa / inameM mUlarAja kA dehAnta apane pitA bhImadeva ke jIvana kAla meM hI ho gayA thA aura antima samaya meM kSemarAja ko rAjya denA cAhA; parantu usane svIkAra nahIM kiyA, taba usane laghuputra karNa ko rAjya dekara samvatI nadI ke taTa para sthita maMDakezvara meM tapazcaraNa karane lgaa| ataH zrIcandra ne apanA yaha kathAkoza san 165 vi0ma0 1052 meM yA usake eka do varSa pUrva hI san 63 meM banAyA hogaa| ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra-prastuta grantha svAmI samantabhadra ke ratnakaraNDa nAmaka upAsakAdhyayana rUpa gaMbhIra kati kA vyAkhyAnamAtra hai| kavi ne isa AdhAra grantha ko 21 madhiyoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai| jisakI prAnamAnika zloka saMkhyA cAra hajAra cAra sau aTThAIsa batalAI gaI hai| kathana kA puSTa karane ka liye aneka udAharaNa aura vratA caraNa karane vAloM ko kathAoM ko prastuta kiyA gayA hai| gahastho ke AcAra viSaya kA kathAoM ke mAdhyama se vizada kiyA gayA hai jisase jana sAdhAraNa usako samajha sake / aneka saMskana padya bhI uddhata kiye haiN| kavi ne grantha meM eka sthala para apabhraza ke kucha chandoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| araNAla, prAvaliyA, caccari, rAsaka, vattha, aDila, paddhaDiyA, dohA, upadohA, duvaI, helA, gAthA, upagAthA, dhruvaka, khaMDaka uvakhaMDaka aura ghattA Adi ke nAma diye haiM yathA chaMdaNiyAraNAla prAvaliyahi, caccari rAsaya rAsahi laliyAha / vatthu pravatthu jAi visesahi, aDila maDila paddhaDiyA aMsahi / dohaya uvadohaya avabhaMsahi, duvaI helA gAvagAhahi / dhuvaya khaMDa uvakhaMDa ya ghahi, samavisamaddasamehi vicinahiM / prazasti meM harinandi munIndra, samantabhadra, akalaMka, kulabhUpaNa, pAdapujya (pUjyapAda) vidyAnandi, ananta 1. yaM mUlAdudamUlapada gurubalaH zrI mUlagaja nRpo, dandhio dharaNIvarAha nRpati yadvad dvipaH pAdapam / AyAtaM bhUvikAMdi zIka mabhiko yastaM zaraNyo ddhau| daMSTrAyAmivarUDhamahimA kolo mahI maNDalam / / -epi grAphiyA iMDikA ji.1 pR0 21 2. dekho, rAjapUtAnekA itihAsa dUsarA saMskaraNa bhA0 1 pR. 241 3. dekho, rAjapUtAne kA itihAsa prathama jilda dUsarA saM0 pR0 192

Page #380
346 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 vIrya, varaSeNa, mahAmati vIrasena, jinasena, vihaMgasena, guNabhadra, somarAja caturmukha, svayaMbhU, puSpadanta, zrIharSa zrIra kAlidAsa nAma ke pUrvavartI vidvAnoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai / kavine svayaM apanI racanA meM prAraNAla, duvaI (12 -3) jaMbhidiyA uvakhaMDayaM, gAthA aura madanAvatAra chaMdoM kA prayoga kiyA hai, kintu graMtha meM pradhAnatA paddhaDiyA kI hai / kavi ne rayaNakaraMDasAvayAyAra kI racanA saM0 1123 meM karNa narendra ke rAjyakAla meM zrIvAlapura meM samApta kI thii| yaha karNa deva vahI karNa deva jJAta hote haiM jo rAjA bhImadeva ke laghu putra the / prora jinakA rAjyakAla prabandha cintAmaNi ke karttA meru turaMga ke anusAra saM0 1120 se 1136 taka unnIsa varSa prATha mahInA aura ikkIsa dina mAnA jAtA hai / ina donoM racanAtroM ke pratirikta kavi kI anya racanAeM anveSaNIya haiM, grantha abhI aprakAzita hai / candra kIrti ta - zratabindu ke kartA ) - candrakIrti aura unake grantha 'zrutabindu' kA ullekha malliSeNa prazasti meM pAyA jAtA hai| yaha prazastilekha (54) hai jo zaka saM0 1050 (san 1928 I0 ) aura vi0 saM0 1985 kI phAlguNa vadI tIja ko utkIrNa huA hai, jisa dina muni malliSeNa ne ArAdhanA pUrvaka apane zarIra kA parityAga kiyA thA / candrakIrti kA samaya malliSeNa se sabhavataH 25 varSa pUrva mAna liyA jAya, to unakA samaya vi0 saM0 1960 ke lagabhaga honA cAhiye / padyaprabha maladhArI deva ne apanI niyamasAra kI TIkA meM candrakIrti ke do padyoM ko uddhRta kiyA hai / eka padya pR0 61 meM candrakIrti ke nAmollekha ke sAtha diyA hai sakala karaNagrAmAlaMbAdvimuktamanAkulaM / svahita nirataM zuddhaM nirvANakAraNakAraNam / zama-damamAvAsaM maMtrIdayAdama maMdiram / nirupamamidaM vandyaM zrIcandra kItimunermanaH // dUsarA padya pR0 142 meM 'tathA coktaM zrutavandI' (vinvo) ' vAkyoM ke sAtha uddhRta kiyA hai ? jayati vijaya doSo'matyaMmatyeMndramauli - pravilasadurumAlAyacatAMghrijinendraH / trijagadajagatI yasye dRzau vya enuvAte samamiva viSameSvanyonyavRttiM niSeddhum // isase spaSTa hai ki candrakIrti kA 'zrutabindu nAmakA yaha grantha mallipaNa aura padyaprabha malAdhArI deva ke sAmane maujUda thA / usake bAda vaha vinaSTa ho gayA / grantha bhaNDAroM meM usakA anveSaNa honA cAhie / isa padya meM batalAyA hai ki jinakA mana sampUrNa indriyoM ke grAmoM rahita hai, jo grAkulatA rahita apane AtmakalyANa meM tatpara hai| nirvANa ke kAraNabhUta zukladhyAna kI prApti kA kAraNa hai / samatA aura indriya damanatA kA mandira hai / dayA aura jitendriyatA kA ghara hai, upamA rahita aise candrakIrti guru kA mana mere dvArA vandyanIya hai / candrakIrti nAma ke dUsare vidvAna yaha mAthura saMgha ke vidvAna zrISeNasUri ke dIkSita ziSya the / jo paNDitoM meM pradhAna aura vAdirUpI vana ke liye kRzAnu (zragni ) the / 'candrakIrti taparUpI lakSmI ke nivAsa, prathijana samUha kI AzA pUrI karane vAle tathA 1. rAyAraha tevImA vAsasayA vikkamassa mahi vaiNo / jayA gayAhu tayA samANie suMdaraM raiyaM // kaNNaNarinda ho rajjasuhi siri siribAlapurammi buhadeM / - bAlapura mahi siriyaM rakha de eu gaMdau kavvu jayaMNidaM 2. candrakIrti ne apane ziSyoM para anukampA karake zrutavindu grantha kI racanA kI thii| dekho, zilAlekha kA 32 vAM padya) 3. siri meNasUri paMDiya pahANu, taho sIsuvAi kAraNaraNa - kisANa / - SaTkarmopadeza prazasti, jaina grabhtha pra0 saM0 bhA0 2 14

Page #381
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 347 dUsare paravAdirUpa hAthiyoM ke liye mRgendra (siMha) the| jaisA ki 'SaT karmopadeza' ke nimna padya se prakaTa hai puNa dikkhau taho tavasiri-NivAsa atthiyaNa-saMgha-vuha-pUriyAsu / __ paravAi-kuMbhi-dAraNa-maiMdu, siricandakitti jAyaumuNidu // inhIM ke choTe sahodara gaNi amarakIti unake ziSya hae the| amarakIti ne apanA SaTakarmopa deza aura neminAtha carita saM0 1247, aura 1244 meM banA kara samApta kiyA thaa| ata: inakA samaya bhI vikrama kI 13vIM zatAbdI kA dvitIya caraNa honA cAhiye, yaha IsA kI 12vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna the| candrakoti tIsare candrakIti mUla saMgha deziyagaNa ke vidvAna rAulatribhuvana korti ke ziSya kalayugigaNadhara maladhArI bAlacadra rAula ke pUtra candrakoti na san 1298 IsavI meM svargalAbha kiyA / hegore ke bhavya logoM ke agraNiyoM ne ukta mUni kI svarga prApti ke upalakSa meM smAraka bnaayaa| (EC.XII chik Nayakan Hallite No 24 jaina lekha saM0 bhAga 3 lakha naM0 545 pR0 383 candrakoti cauthe candrakIti-kApThA saMgha nandi taTa gaccha aura vidyAgaNa ke bhaTTAraka the| yaha IDara gaddI ke paTTadhara bha0 vidyAbhUpaNa ke prazipya aora bha0zrIbhUpaNa ke zipya the| IDara kI gaddI ke pada sthAna surata DaMga kallAla Adi pradhAna pradhAna nagarI meM the| unameM se bha. candrakIti kisa sthAna ke paTTadhara the| yaha nizcita rUpa se nahI kahA jA sakatA / para itanA avazya kahA jA sakatA hai ki ve IDara ke Asa-pAsa ke sthAna ke bhaTTAraka rahe haiM / yaha vidvAna hone ke sAtha kavi bhI the, aura pratiSThAdi kAryoM meM dakSa the| inhoMne aneka mandira ora matiyoM kI pratiSThA karavAI thii| inakI aneka kRtiyAM upalabdha haiM / saMskRta ke atirikta hindI meM bhI aneka racAnaeM pAI jAtI hai| yaha 17 vI zatAbdI ke vidvAna haiN| inhoMne pArzva purANa kI racanA sa0 1654 meM kI hai| RSabhadeva purANa padma purANa, paMcamerU pUjA Adi racanAeM inakI kahI jAtI hai| mAghanandi siddhAnta deva prastuta mAgha nandi siddhAntadeva mala saMgha kundakundAnvaya desiyagaNa aura pUstaka gaccha ke siddhAnta vidyA nidhi kUlacandra deva ke ziSya tha, jo paNDitajanoM ke dvArA sevya aura cAritra cakrezvara the| / yaha kollApura tIrtha kSetra ke kartA the| atAva kolhApUrIya kahalAte the| yaha kollApura (kSullakapura) ke nivAsI the / yaha mAghanandi 1. sadvattaH kulacandradeva munipa ssiddhAnta vidyAnidhiH / tacchiSyojani mAghanandi munipaH kollApure tIrthakadrAdvAntArNava pArago'calaghatizcAritra cakrezvaraH / / -jana lekha saM0 bhA0 1 le0 naM0 40pU0 24 2. kolhApara dakSiNa mahArASTra kA eka zaktizAlI nagara hai| zilAlekhoM aura grantha prazastiyoM meM isakA nAma 'kSallakapUra, milatA hai| yaha jainadharma kA kendra rahA hai| kolhApura aura usake Asa-pAsa ke aneka di0 jaina mandira banAye gaye haiN| aneka jaina mandira isa samaya vaiSNava sampradAya ke adhikAra meM haiM / yaha digambara samAja kA mahAn vidyApITha thaa| isameM tyAgIvratI muniyoM ke atirikta sAmanta aura rAjapuruSa bhI zikSA prApta karate the| isa para azvabhRtya, kadamba, rASTrakUTa, cAlukya aura zilAhAra rAjAoM ne rAjya kiyA hai| 13vIM zatAbdI meM cAlukyoM se zilAhAroM ne rAjya chIna liyA thaa| zilAhAra nareza jainadharma ke upAsaka the| inameM mArasiMha gavalagaGgadeva, bhoja, ballAla, gaNDArAditya, vijayAditya aura dvitIya bhoja nAma ke pratApI zAsaka hue haiN| inakA rAjya sana 1075 me 1126 I0 taka rahA hai| isa samaya bhI yahA~ para bhaTTArakIya maTha maujUda hai| ina rAjAoM se jainamandiroM ko aneka dAnaprApta hue haiN|

Page #382
348 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 kolhApura kI rUpanArAyaNa vasati (mandira) ke pradhAnAcArya the| 334 naM0 ke zilAlekha meM ina mAghanandi siddhAMta deva ko kundakundAnvaya kA sUrya batalAyA hai / inake aneka ziSya the| apane samaya ke bar3e hI prabhAvazAlI vidvAna the / rUpanArAyaNa vasadi ka atirikta anya aneka jinAlayoM ke bhI prabaMdhaka the / rUpanArAyaNa vadi kA nirmANa sAmanta nimbadeva ne karAyA thaa| nimvadeva jaina dharma kA pakkA anuyAyI thaa| usane rUpanArAyaNa vasadi kA nirmANa karAkara apanA dharma prema prakaTa kiyA thaa| mAghanandi saiddhAntika inake cAritra guru the / san 1135 I0 meM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kA maMdira bhI banavAyA thaa| inake sAmanta kedAranAkarasa, sAmanta kAmadeva' aura camUpati bharata bhI ziSya the inakI ziSya paramparA meM aneka vidvAn hue haiN| mAghanandi saiddhAntika ke paTTa zipya gaNDavimakta deva siddhAnta deva the| anya ziSya kanakanandi, candrakIti, prabhAcandra mahanandi aura mANikyanadi the| ye sabhI ziSya acche vidvAn the| mANDalika goka-jaina dharma kA pakkA zraddhAnI aura anuyAyI thaa| teradAla ke jaina maMdira meM prApta zilA lekha se gokakI jaina dharma kI dar3ha pratIti kA spaSTa pramANa milatA hai| lekha meM batalAyA hai ki paMcaparameSThI ke smaraNa mAtra se goMka kA viSadUra hogayA thaa| goka ne teradAla meM neminAtha kA madira banavAyA thA aura usake prabandha ke liye tathA jaina sAdhuo ko AhAradAna dene ke liye bhUmidAna diyA thA yaha dAna raTTa nareza kArtivIrya (dvitIya) ke zAsana kAla meM apanI rAnI vAcaladevI, jo inhI mAghanandi kI ziSyA thI, dvArA nirmApita goMka jinAlaya ke neminAtha ke liye zaka sa01045 (san 1123 I0) ko mAghanandi saiddhAntika ko diyA thaa| ___ gaNDa vimukta deva ke eka chAtra senApati bharata aura dUsare ziSya bhAnukIti aura devakIti the / gaNDavimukta deva ke sadharmA zrutakIti vidya muni the, jinhoMne vidvAno ko bhI cakita karane vAle anuloma-pratilomakAvya rAghava-pANDavIya kAvya kI racanAkara nirmalakIti prApta kI thI ora devendra jaise vipakSa vAdiyo ko parAsta kiyA thaa| inakA samaya zaka sa01045 (san 1123 I.) se 1065 (san 1143 I0) hai yaha vArahavI zatAbdI ke vidvAna haiN| devakoti devakIti mUlasagha kundakundAnvaya dazIya gaNa aura pustaka gaccha ke vidvAna mAghanandi saiddhAntika ke praziSya aura gaNDa vimuktadeva ke ziSya the / advitIya kavi 'tArkika,vaktA aura maNDalAcArya the| inake sanmukha sAMkhya, cArvAka, naiyAyika, vedAntI aura bauddha Adi jenetara dArzanika vidvAna apanI hAra mAnate the| inake aneka zipya the| kintu paTTadharaziSya devacanda paNDita deva the| inake sadharmA mAdhanandi vidya, zubhacandra vidya, gaNDavimukta caturmukha rAmacandra vidya the / deva kIrti ke paTTadhara zipya devacandra paDita deva ko, jo kollApurIya vasadi ke the, zaka sa0 1106 san 1184 I0 ko bharatiyayya daNDanAtha aura bAhu balI daNDanAtha ne dAna diyA thaa| 3. zrI mUlamagha dezIyagaNa pugnaka gaccha adhipateH kSulnakapura zrI rUpanArAyaNa jinAlayAcAryasya zrImAn mAghanandi siddhAnta devasya ......... // " -epi nAphikA iMDikA bhA0 3 pR0 208 4. zrI mUlamagha dezIgaNa-pumtayAgaccha kSullakapura zrI rUpanAgayaNa-caityAlayasyAcAryaH / zrI mAghanandi siddhAta devo vizva mahI stutaH / kulacandra muneH ziSyaH kundakundAnvayAzumAn / / -jana lekha saM0 bhA03 le0 na0 334 1065 5. dekho, jaina lekha ma0 bhA0 1 le0 na 40 pR0 27 6. dekho, jana lekha ma0 bhA0 2 lekha naM0 280 7. jaina lekha sa0 bhA0 3 lekha na0 414 8. jaina lekha ma0 bhA0 110 26 6. jaina lekha sa0 bhA0 3 le0 na0 411

Page #383
gyArahavI aura bArahavI zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 346 devakIti kA svargavAsa zaka sa0 1085 san 1163 subhAnusavatsara prApADha zuklA navamI budhavAra ko sUryodaya ke samaya huA thA' / unakA samaya san 1040 se 1163 I0 hai| arthAta yaha IsA kI 12vI zatAbdI ke vidvAna hai / yAdava vazI nareza nargasaha prathama ke maMtrI hallapa ne nipadyA banavAI, aura devakIti ke ziSya lakkhanandi aura mAdhavacandra ne pratiSThita kii| siddhAntadeva yaha mUlamagha kundakundAnvaya dezIgaNa pUstaka gaccha ke kolhApUrIya mAghanandi saiddhAntika ke ziSya the / bar3e vidvAna the / zaka ma0 1052 (san 1130 I0) meM mAghanandi ke ziSya gaNDa vimukta siddhAntadeva ko hoyamala nareza viSNuvarddhana kI putrI eva ballAla deva kI baDI bahina rAjakumArI hariyavvarasi ne eka ratna jaTita jinAlaya banavAkara svaguru ko pradAna kiyA thA '' / aura san 1138 me inhI gaNDa vimuktadeva banIga ko dAna diye jAne kA ullekha hai| / inake paTTadhara ziSya devakIti the, aura anya zipya zubhanandI the / devakIti kA samAdhimaraNa man 1163 I0 meM huA thA / 3 / inakA samaya man 1135 me 1145 I0 taka hai| mANikyanandI yaha mUlamagha kundakundAnvaya dezI gaNa pustaka gaccha ke vidvAna mAghanandi saiddhAntika ke gipya the| kSallakapara (kolhApUra)ke zilAhAra nareza vijayAditya ne man 1143 me mAghanandi ve gahamtha ziSya dvAga nirmApita jinAlaya ke liye unake giAya mANikyanandI ko dAna diyA thA 1 |yh bhI vaTa vidvAna aura tapasvI the| inakA samaya ImA kI12vI zatAbdI kA madhyabhAga hai| mAdhavacandra maladhArI yaha bhaTTAraka amRta candra ke gama the / aura jo pratyakSa meM dharma, upazama, dama, kSamA ke dhAraka, tathA indriya aura kapAyo ke vijetA the| unakI prasiddhi 'maladhArI' nAma se thii| maladhArI eka upAdhi thI jo uma samaya kisI kisI gAdha mampradAya meM pracalita thii| yaha upAdhi durdhara parIpaho, vividha upamargo, pora zIta upNa tathA vapa kI bAdhA mahate hue bhI kATa kA anubhava nahI karate the| pasIne setara batara zarIra hone para dhuli ke kaNo ke sasarga se mallina zarIra ko pAnI ge dhone yA nahAne jaisI ghora bAdhA ko bhI hasate hasate maha lete the| aise Rpi pagava hI ukta upAdhi ge alakRta kiye jAte the| inakA samaya vikrama kI 12vI zatAbdI kA uttarArdha jAna par3atA hai| kyoki inake ziSya amRtacandra kavi siha ke garu the| kavi siha ne siddha kavi ke apUrNa khaNDa kAvya pajjuNa cariu ko pragasti me bamhaNavADa nagara kA varNana kiyA hai / usa samaya vahA raNadhArI yA raNadhIra kA putra ballAla thA joarNorAja kA kSaya karane ke lie kAla svarUpa thA kyoki vaha usakA verI thaa| jisakA mAlika bhRtya yA mAmanta guhila vazIya kSatrIya bhullaNa bamhaNavADa kA zAsaka thaa| 10 jana lagya sabhA0 1 le0 naM0 36 (63) pR0 11 jaina lega sa0 bhAga 2 le0 ne0 263 pR0 445 12 jaina lekha sa0 bhA0 3 le0 na0 307 pR0 21 13 jaina lekha sa0 bhA0 1 le0 na0 36 pR0 21 14 jaina lekha sa0bhA0 3 le0 na0 320 pR0 53 1 tA maladhAri deva muNi pu gamu, raNa paccakva dhAmu uvamamu damu / mAhavacada Asi supasiddhau, jo khama, dama gama-Niyama samiddhau / -pajjuNNa cariu prazasti

Page #384
350 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 guragabhadra prastuta guNabhadra saMbhavataH mAthura saMgha ke vidvAna the| yaha muni mANikyasena ke praziSya aura nemisena ke zipya the| inhoMne apane ko saiddhAntajJa mithyAtva kAmAnta kRta, syAdvAdAmala ratnabhUSaNa dhara, tathA mithyAnaya dhvaMsaka likhA hai, jisase ve bar3e vidvAna tapasvI mithyAtva aura kAma kA anta karane vAle, saiddhAntika vidvAna the / syAdvAdarUpa nirmala ratnabhUpaNa ke dhAraka tathA mithyA nayoM ke vinAzaka the| inakI eka mAtra kRti 'dhanyakumAra caritra' hai jisameM dhanyakumAra kA jIvana-paricaya aMkita kiyA gayA hai| prastuta grantha unhoMne lamba kacuka gotrI sAhu zubhacandra jo suzIla evaM zAnta aura dharma vatsala thAvaka the| sAha zabhacandra ke putra balhaNa nAmakA thA 'jo dAnavAna' paropakAra kartA, tathA nyAyapUrvaka dhana kA arjana karane vAlA thA. usI dharmAnurAgI balhaNa ke kalyANArtha dhanyakumAra caritra raca gayA hai| isI se use valhaNa ke nAmAMkita kiyA gayA hai grantha meM kavi ne racanAkAla nahIM diyA kintu unhoMne dhanyakumAra caritra ko vilAsa pura ke jinamandira meM baiThakara paramadi ke rAjya kAla meM banAyA thaa| jaisA ki prazasti ke nimna padya se prakaTa hai :--- zAstra midaM kRtaM rAjye rAjJo zrI paramadinaH / pure vilAsapUrve ca jinAlayavirAjate // 5 isa padya meM ullikhita vilAsa pura jhAMsI jilA uttara pradeza kA moTha paraganA meM pacAra yA pachAra meM sana 1670 meM isa grAma ke nivAsI vRndAvana nAmaka vyakti ko apane makAna kI nIva mvAdate samaya eka tAmra zAsana milA jise usane san 1608 meM sarakAra ko bhaMTa kiyaa| isa abhinnakhAnusAra kAlijara nareza paramadidava (candala paramAla) ne kezava zarmA nAma ke brAhmaNa ko karigrAma pahala ke antargata vilAsapura nAmaka grAma meM kara vimukta bhamidAna kI thI / isa karigrAma ko jhAMsI jile ke paraganA moTha meM karaMgevA nAmaka sthAna se pahicAnA gayA haicandeloM ke samaya meM yaha sthAna vilAsapura ke nAma se prasiddha thaa| prazasti padya meM ullikhita parimAdideva candela vaMgI narega paramAla haiM, jinakA pathvIrAja cauhAna se sirasA gar3ha meM, jAlona jile ke uraI nAmaka sthAna ke nikaTa yuddha huA thaa| usameM paramAla ko parAjaya huI thI, phalataH jhAMsI kA ukta pradeza cauhAnoM ke prAdhIna ho gayA thaa| isa yuddha kA ullekha madana pura ke saM0 1226 san 1182 I. ke lekha meM pAyA jAtA hai| bAda meM kucha pradeza usane vApasa le liyA thA, para jhAMsI jile kA uttarI bhAga prApta nahI kara skaa| dhanya kUmAra carita kI prazasti ke 5vaM padya meM ukta vilAsapUra ko 'jinAlayavirAjate' vAkya dvArA jiAnalayoM se zobhita likhA hai / isase vahA~ kaI jainamandira rahe hoge / purAtattvAvazepoM se jJAta hotA hai ki vahAM eka choTA sA pASANa kA mandira mojUda hai, kintu kAla ke prabhAva se Asa-pAsa kI bhUmi UMcI ho gaI hai aura mandira kI chata bhUmitala se 6 phuTa nIce ho gaI hai| anvepaNa karane para vahAM jaina mandiroM kA patA cala sakatA hai| cU~ki paramAla kA rAja kAla 1170 se 1182 taka to sunizcita hai| usake bAda bhI rahA hai / dhanya kumAra caritra ukta samaya ke madhya hI racA gayA jAna par3atA hai| 1. AcAra samitI rdadhau daza vidhe dharma tapaH saMyamam / siddhAntastha gaNAdhipasya guNinaH ziSyo hi mAnyo'bhavat / saddhAnto guNabhadra nAma munipo mithyAtva-kAmAntakRt / syAdvAdAmalaratnabhUSaNadharo mithyAnayadhvaMsakaH // 3 -dhanya kumAra carita prazasti 1. yu. pI. DisTikTa gajeTriTiyarsa, bI. vAlyUma (1616, pR0 36, 65-66 tathA DI. vAlyUma 1934 pR0 21 2. epIgrAphiyA iNDikA, x, pR0 44-46 / 3. janasandeza zodhAGka 17, 10 akTUbara 1963 kA zodhakaraNa nAmakA DA. jyotiprasAda kA lekha / 4. dekho kanidhama riporTa 10 pu068, tathA anekAnta varSa 16 ki0 1-2 meM madhyabhArata kA jaina purAtatva pa054

Page #385
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya mAdhava candravatI prastuta mAdhavacandravatI mUni devakIti ke zipya the| jo advitIya tAkika, kavi vaktA aura maNDalAcArya the| inakI koI racanA upalabdha nahIM hai / inakA svargavAsa zaka maM0 1085 (vi0 sa01220) subhAna saMvatsara ASAr3ha zuklA havIM budhavAra ko sUryodaya ke samaya huA thA tava unake zipya lakkhanandI, mAdhavacandra aura tribhavana mallane inakI niSadyA ko pratiSThita kiyA thaa| ataH inakA mamaya san 1163 (vi0 saM0 1220) sanizcita yaha IsAkI 12vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna the| mAdhavacandra yaha mUla saMgha dezIyagaNa pustaka gaccha hanasoge bali ke prAcArya the aura zubhacandra siddhAnta deva ke ziSya the| hoyasala nareza viSNa varddhana ne apane putra ke janmopalakSya meM inheM doragharaTTa jinAlaya (usa samaya jisakA nAma pArzvanAtha jinAlaya kara diyA gayA thA) ke lie grAmAdi dAna diye the| yaha lekha naya kIti siddhAnna cakravatI ke zipya micandra paMDita deva ko usI jinAlaya ke lie diyA thA, jo varSa pramAdina ke dAna zAsana meM hai| (epinAphiyA ka05 velara pR0 124) mi0 lU irAisane isa lekha kA samaya san 1133 I0 anumAnita kiyA hai| ataH yaha mAdhavacandra IsA kI 10vIM zatAbdI ke pUrvAdha ke vidvAna haiN| inhIM mAdhavamena ko zaka sa0 1057 (san 1135 I0) ke lagabhaga viSNuvardhana ke prasiddha daNDanAyaka gaMgarAja ke putra bopadeva daNDa nAyaka ne apane tAU bammadeva ke putra tathA aneka vastiyoM ke nirmAtA ecirAja kI matya para unakI nipadyA banavAkara unhI dvArA nirmApita vastiyoM ke lie svayaM ecigaja kI patnI kI preraNA ina mAdhavacandra ko dhArApUrvaka dAna diyA thaa| (dekho, jainalekha saM0 bhA0 1 pR0 268) ki isa lekha kA samaya lagabhaga san 1057 hai / ataH prastuta mAdhavacandra ImA kI 11vIM zatAbdI vidvAna haiN| vasunandI saiddhAntika vamanandI nAma ke aneka vidvAna ho gae haiN| unameM eka vasunandI yogI kA ullekha gyAharavIM sadI ke vidvAna amitagati dvitIya ne bhagavatI ArAdhanA ke anta meM ArAdhanA kI stuti karate hue 'vasunandi yogimahitA' pada dvArA kiyA hai| jisame ve koI prasiddha vidvAna hue haiN| prastuta vasunandI unase bhinna aura pazcAdvartI vidvAna haiN| kinta zrI kundakundAcArya kI vaMzaparamparA meM zrInandI nAmake bahuta hI yazasvI guNI evaM siddhAnta zAstra ke pAragAmI pAcArya harA haiM / unake zipya nayanandI bhI vaise hI prakhyAtakIrti, guNazAlI siddhAnta zAstra ke pAragAmI aura bhavya sayAnandI the| inhIM nayanandI ke ziSya nemicandra the| jo jinAgama samudra kI velA taraMgoM se dhyamAna pIra sakala jagata meM vikhyAta the / unhIM nemicandra ke ziSya vasunandI the| jinhoMne apane guru ke prasAda se, prAcArya paramparA se cale mAye hue thAvakAcAra ko nibaddha kiyA hai| vasanandI ke nAma se prakAza meM Ane vAlI racanAoM meM upAsa kA dhyayana,-prAptamo mAMsA vatti, jinazataka TIkA, mulAcAra vRtti aura pratiSThA sAra saMgraha ye pAMca racanAeM prasiddha haiN| inameM upAsakAdhyayana (vasunandI zrAvakA cAra) aura pratiSThAsAra saMgraha ke kartA to eka vyakti nahIM haiM / pratiSThA pATha ke kartA vasunandI pAzAdhara ke bAda ke vidvAna hai| kyoMki pratiSThApATha ke samAna upAsakAdhyayana meM jinabimba pratiSThA kA khUba vistAra ke sAtha varNana karate hae aneka sthaloM para pratiSThA zAstra ke anusAra vidhi-vidhAna karane kI preraNA kI gaI hai| isameM pratiSThA sambandhI prakaraNa hai, usameM lagabhaga 60 gAthAoM meM kArApaka, indra, pratimA, pratiSThAvidhi. aura pani 1. dekho, vasunandi zrAvakAcAra kI antima prazasti 2. upAsa kA dhyayana gAthA 396-410

Page #386
352 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 phala ina pA~ca prAdhikAroM meM pratiSThA-sambandhI kathana diyA huA hai / pAkara zuddhi guNAropaNa, mantranyAsa, tilakadAna, mukha vastra aura netronmIlana Adi mukhya-mukhya viSayoM para vivecanA ko hai| isako yaha vizeSatA hai ki zAsanadevI-devatA kI upAsanA kA koI ullekha nahIM hai / dravya pUjA, kSetra pUjA, kAla pUjA aura bhAva pUjA kA varNana hai| isa vamanandi zrAvakAcAra (upAma kA dhyayana ) meM 548 gAthAeM haiM, jinameM zrAvakAcAra kA sundara varNana kiyA gayA hai / granthakAra ne isa grantha meM anya zrAvakAcAroM se vaiziSTa lAne kA prayatna kiyA hai| racanA para kundakundAcArya svAmikAtikeya ke granthoM kA aura amitagati ke zrAvakAcAra kA prabhAva rahA hai| zrAvakAcAra ke kathana meM kahI-kahIM vizeSa varNana bhI diyA hai udAharaNa svarUpa / kaTa tulA aura hInAdhika mAnonmAna Adi ko aticAra na mAna kara anAcAra mAnA hai| aura bhogopabhoga parimANa zikSAvrata ke bhogavirani, paribhogavirati ye do bheda batalAye hai / jinakA kahI digambara-zvetAmbara zrAvakAcAroM meM ullekha nahI milatA aura sallekhanA ko kundakundacArya ke samAna caturtha zikSAbata mAnA hai / prAptamImAMsA vRtti prAcArya mamanta bhadra ke devAgama yA prAptamImAMsA meM 114 kArikAe hai| jina para vasunando ne apanI vatti likhI hai| kArikAmoM kI yaha vatti atyanta saMkSipta hai jo kevala unakA artha udghATita karatA hai| vRtti me kArikAyoM kA sAmAnyArtha diyA hai| unakA vizada vivecana nahI diyaa| kahI-kahI phalitArthanI makSipta meM prastuta kiyA hai| jo kArikApro ke artha samajhane meM upayogI hai / vattikAra ne apane ko jaDamati pAra vimmaraNazola batalAte hue apanI laghatA vyakta kI hai| unhoMne yaha vani apane upakAra ke liye banAI hai| isase vani banAne kA prayojana spaSTa ho jAtA hai vattikAra ne 115 va padya kI TIkA bhI kI hai| kintu unhoMne usakA koI kAraNa nahIM batalAyA, sanbhavata: unhoMne use mUla kA padya samajhakara usako vyAkhyA kI hai| para vaha malakAra kA padya nahIM hai| jinazatakaTIkA yaha prAcArya samantabhadra kRta 116 padyAtmaka catuvizati tIrthakara stavana grantha hai / isa grantha kA malanAma 'stuti vidyA' hai, jaisA ki usake prathama magala padya meM prayukta hue 'stuti vidyA prasAdhaye' pratijJA vAkya se jJAta hotA hai| grathakAra ne use svaya 'pAgasAM jaya'-pApoM kojItane kA hetu batalAyA hai| yaha gavdAlakAra pradhAna gratha hai / isameM citrAlakAra ke aneka rUpoM ko diyA gayA hai| unameM prAcArya mahodaya ke agAdha kAvya kAzala kA mahaja hI patA cala jAtA hai / isa grantha ke antima 116 va 'gatvaika stutameva' padya ke sAtave valaya me 'zAntivarmakata' prAracA valaya ma jina statizata padA kA upalabdhi hotI hai, jo kavi aura kAvya nAma ko liye hA hai| grantha meM kaI taraha ke cakravRtta hai / isI meM TIkAkAra vamunandI ne TIkAkI utthAni kA meM isa gratha ko 'samasta guNagaNopetA' 'sarvAlakAra bhUSitA' vigaMpaNo ke sAtha ullekhita kiyA hai / graMtha kitanA mahatvapUrNa hai yaha TIkAkAra ke-'dhana-kaThina-ghAti karmandhana dahana samarthA' vAkya me jAnA jAtA hai| jisameM ghane evaM kaThora ghAtiyA karma rUpI Idhana ko bhasma karane vAlI agni batalAyA hai / yaha graMtha itanA gUDha hai ki binA saMskRta TIkA ke lagAnA prAyaH asaMbhava hai| ataeva TIkA kAra ne 'yoginA mapi daSkarAvizeSaNa dvArA yogiyoM ke liye bhI dUrgama batalAyA hai| isameM vartamAna covIsa tIrthakaroM kA alakRta bhApA meM kalAtmaka stuti kI gaI hai| isakA zabda vinyAza alaMkAra kI vizeSatA ko liye hue hai / kahIM zloka ke eka caraNa ko ulTA rakha dene se dUsarA caraNa bana jAtA hai, aura pUrvArdha ko ulaTakara rakha dene se uttarArdha aura samUce zlAka ko ulaTa kara rakha dene se dUsarA zloka bana jAtA hai| aisA hone para bhI artha bhinna-bhinna haiN| isa grantha ke aneka padya aise hai jo eka se adhika alaMkAroM ko liye hue haiN| mUla padya atyanta kliSTa aura gaMbhIra artha ke dyotaka hai| TIkAkAra ne una saba padoM kI acchI vyAkhyA kI hai aura pratyeka padya ke rahasya ko sarala bhASA meM udghATita kiyA hai| mUla grantha meM praveza pAne ke liye vidyArthiyoM ke liye bar3e kAma kI cIja hai / isa TIkA ke sahAre grantha meM sanihita vizeSa artha ko jAnane meM sahAyatA milatI hai| graMtha hindI TIkA ke sAtha sevA mandira se prakAzita 3. dekho, 217, 218, na0 kI gAthAeM, vamanandi thA. pra. 66, 100 / 4. dekho, ukta zrAva kA cAra gAthA naM0 271, 272, pR0 106 /

Page #387
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 353 ho cukA hai| prAcAra vRtti mUlAcAra mUlasaMgha ke prAcAra viSaya kA varNana karane vAlA prAcIna maulika grantha hai| jisakA ullekha 5vIM zatAbdI ke prAcArya yati vRSabha ne tiloya paNNatti ke AThave adhikAra kI 532vIM gAthA meM 'malAiriyA' vAkya ke sAtha kiyA hai| aura navamI zatAbdI ke vidvAna AcArya vIrasena ne apanI dhavalA TIkA meM 'taha pAyAraMge vi vattaM' vAkya ke sAtha usakI 'paMcatthikAyA' nAma kI gAthA uddhata kI hai jo ukta AcArAMga meM 400 nambara para pAI jAtI hai| 12vIM zatAbdI ke prAcArya vIranandI ne AcArasAra meM mUlAcAra kI gAthAoM kA arthazaH anuvAda kiyA hai| 13voM zatAbdI ke vidvAna paM0pAzAdhara jI ne 'uktaM ca malAcAre' vAkya ke sAtha anagAra dharmAmRta kI TIkA ke pR0554 meM 'sammattaNANa saMjama' nAma kI gAthA uddhata kI hai jo mUlAcAra meM 516 nambara para pAI jAtI hai| 15vI zatAbdI ke bhaTrAraka sakalakIrti ne 'malAcAra pradIpa' nAma ke gratha meM manAcAra kI gAthAoM kA sAra diyA hai / isase usake paramparA pracAra kA itivRtta pAyA jAtA hai / grantha meM 1246 gAthAe hai jo 12 adhikAroM meM vibhakta haiN| ___isa grantha kI TIkA kA nAma AcAravatti hai, isake kartA prAcArya vasunandI haiM / TIkAkAra ne TIkA kI utthAnikA meM vaTTakerAcArya kA nAmollekha kiyA hai, parantu unakA koI paricaya nahIM diyA, zilAlekhAdi meM bhI vaTTakera kA nAma upalabdha nahI hotA, aura na unakI guru paramparA hI milatI hai / TIkA gAthAoM ke sAmAnyArtha kI bodhaka hai| yadyapi unakI vizeSa vyAkhyA nahI hai, kintu kahI-kahI gAthAnoM kI acchI vyAkhyA likhI hai / aura unake viSaya ko spaSTa karane kA prayatna kiyA hai| TIkAkAra ne paDAvazyaka adhikAra kI 176vI gAthA kI TIkA meM pamitagati upAsakAcAra ke-'tyAgI deha mamatvasya tanatmRtimdAhRtA' Adi paMca zloka uddhata kiye haiM / TIkA meM vasunandI ne usakI racanA kA samaya nahIM kiyaa| DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhye ne isa vRtti kA samaya 12vIM zatAbdI batalAyA hai| samaya prAcArya vasanandI ne apane upAsakAcAra meM aura TIkA granthoM meM unakA racanAkAla nahIM diyA / isa liye nizcita rUpa se yaha kahanA kaThina hai ki ukta racanAeM kb-bnii| vikrama kI 13 vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna paM0 prAzAdhara jI ne saM01266 meM samApta hae sAgAradharmAmata kI TIkA meM vasunando kA AdaraNIya zabdoM meM ullekha kiyA hai: yastu-paMcuvarasahiyAI satta vi vasaNAiM jo vivjjei| sammatavisuddhamaI so daMsaNasAvano bhnniyo|||20|| iti vasunandI saiddhAnta matena darzana pratimAyAM pratipannastasyedaM / tanmate naiva vrata pratimAyAM vibhrato brahmANa taM syAta tadyathA-'pavvesa itthisevA aNaMgakIDA sayA vivjjei| thUlayaDa baMbhayArI jiNehi bhaNido pvynnmmi| isa ullekha se vasunandI 13vIM zatAbdI se pUrvavartI hai| cUki unhoMne 11vIM zatAbdI ke prAcArya amitagati ke upAsakAcAra ke 5 padya prAcAra vRtti meM uddhata kiye haiM / ataH vasunandI kA samaya 11vIM zatAbdI kA upAntya paura 12vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha ho sakatA hai| narendra koti vidya malasaMgha koNDa kundAnvaya deziyagaNa pustaka gaccha kI guru paramparA meM sAgaranandI siddhAntadeva ke praziSya paura arhanandi muni ke ziSya narendrakIrti vidya deva the, jo nyAya vyAkaraNa aura jaina siddhAnta ke kamala vana the| inake sAthI 36 guNa pAlaka mUnicandra bhaTTAraka the| kozika munikI paramparA meM hone vAlA devarAja thA, usakA patra udayAditya thA, usake tIna putra the, devarAja, somanAtha, aura zrIdhara / inameM devarAja kar3acarite kA pradhAna thaa| use devarAja hoyasalane sUranahalli grAma dAna meM diyA, vahAM usane eka jinamandira banavAyA, usakI praSTa vidhapajA mora mAhAra dAna ke nimitta ukta grAma san 1954 I0 meM municandra ko pradAna kiyA / maura usakA nAma pArzvapura

Page #388
354 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 rakkhA / isase prastuta narendra kIti IsA kI 12vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna haiM / (jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 3 pR060) tribhuvana malla tribhuvana malla tarkAcArya devakIrti ke ziSya the| inake do ziSya aura bhI the / lakkhanandi aura mAdhavacandra vrtii| devakIrti kA svargavAsa zaka saM0 1085 san 1963 (vi0 saM0 1220) meM subhAnu saM zaklA havIM budhavAra ko harA thA / prataH tribhuvana malla kA samaya IsA kI 12vIM zatAbdI kA uttarArdha aura vikrama kI 13vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha hai / jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 110 22,23 munikanakAmara mUni kanakAmara candra RSi gotra meM utpanna hue the| unakA kula brAhmaNa thaa| kintu deha bhogoM se vairAgya hone ke kAraNa ve digambara muni ho gaye the| kavi ke guru budha maMganadeva the / kavi bhramaNa karate hue prAsAi (prAzApurI) nagarI meM pahuMce the / ve jina caraNa kamaloM ke bhakta the| kavi ne vahAM ke bhavya janoM ke vinaya pUrvaka va sneha vaza karakaNDu carita kI racanA kii| jinake anurAga vaza isa grantha kI racanA kI, unakI prazaMsA karate hae bhI kavi ne unakA nAmollekha nahIM kiyaa| kintu vaha kanaka varNa aura manohara zarIra kA dhAraka thA, vijaya pAla nareza kA sneha pAtra, dharma rUpI vakSa kA sIMcane vAlA, dussaha vairiyoM kA vinAzaka, tathA bAndhavoM, iSToM aura mitra janoM kA upakArI thaa| bhUpAla rAjA kA manamohaka, anAthoM kA duHkha bhaMjaka aura karNa narendra kA hRdaya raMjaka thA, baDA dAnI, dhairyazAlI, aura jina caraNa kamaloM kA madhukara thaa| usake tIna putra the prAhula, ralhu aura rAhula / jo kanakAmara ke caraNa kamaloM ke bhramara the / kavi ne graMtha meM siddhasena, samantabhadra, akalaMka deva, jayadeva, svayaMbha aura pRSpadanta kA ullekha kiyA hai| ina meM kavi puSpadanta ne apanA mahApurANa san 665 I0 meM samApta kiyA thaa| ataH karakaNDu carita usake bAda kI racanA hai / kavi dvArA ullikhita rAjA gaNa yadi candelavaMzI haiM jinakA DA. hIrAlAla jI ne ullekha kiyA hai| to graMtha kA racanA samaya vikrama kI 11 vIM zatAbdI ho sakatA hai| DA. hIrAlAla jI ne vijayapAla kIrtivarmA (bhavanapAla) aura karNa ina tInoM rAjAroM kA astitva samaya san 1040 aura 1051 ke Asa-pAsa kA batalAyA hai| prataH muni kanakAmara kA samaya vikrama kI 11 vIM zatAbdI kA madhyakAla ho sakatA hai| graMtha kartA ke guru budha maMgala deva haiM, para unakA bhI kahIM se koI ullekha prApta nahIM hai| prastuta graMtha eka khaNDa kAvya hai isa meM pArzvanAtha kI paramparA meM hone vAle rAjA karakaNDa kA jIvana paricaya aMkita kiyA gayA hai| graMtha daza saMdhiyoM meM vibhakta hai, jinameM 201 kaDavaka diye haye haiN| kavi ne graMtha ko rocaka banAne ke lie aneka prAvAntara kathAeM dI haiN| jo loka kathAoM ko liye hue hai| unameM maMtra zakti kA prabhAva, prajJAna se Apatti, nIca saMgati kA burA pariNAma aura satsaMgati kA acchA pariNAma dikhAyA gayA hai| pAMcavI kathA eka vidyAdhara ne madanAvali ke viraha se vyAkula karakaMDu ke viyoga ko saMyoga meM badala jAne ke lie sAtavIM kathA zubha zakuna-pariNAma sUcikA hai| AThavIM kathA padmAvatI ne vidyAdharI dvArA karakaMDu ke haraNa kiye jAne para zokAkUla rativegA ko sunaaii| nomIkathA bhavAntara meM nArI ko nArItva kA parityAga karane kI sucikA hai| grantha meM dezI zabdoM kA pracura vyavahAra hai, jo hindI bhASA ke adhika najadIka hai| rasa alaMkAra, zleSa aura prAkRtika dRzyoM se grantha sarasa bana par3A hai / grantha meM terApura kI aitihAsika guphAoM kA paricaya bhI aMkita hai, jo sthAna dhArAziva jile meM tera pura ke nAma se prasiddha hai| DA. hIrAlAla jI ne isa kaMkaNDucarita kA sAnuvAda sampAdana kiyA hai jo bhAratIya jJAna pITha se prakAzita ho cukA hai| kavi zrIdhara prastuta kavi hariyAnAdeza kA nivAsI thaa| aura agravAla kula meM utpanna humA thaa| inake pitA kA 1. vizeSa paricaya ke liye karakaNDa carita kI prastAvanA dekheN|

Page #389
gyArahavI aura bArahavI zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 355 nAma budha 'golha' thA pIra mAtA kA nAma thA vInhA devI, jo sati sAdhvI pAra dharma parAyaNA thii| kavi ne isake atirikta apanI jIvana ghaTanAgro pAra gRhastha jIvana kA koI paricaya nahIM diyaa| kavi kI isa samaya do racanAe upalabdha hai / pAmaNAcariyAva DhamANa cariu / kavi ne grantha meM candraprabha carita kA ullekha kiyA hai| pAsaNAha cariu prastuta grathA ka ya kAvya hai| jigameM 12 mandhiyA hai jinakI zloka sakhyA DhAI hajAra se Upara hai| grantha meM jainiyo namana bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kA jIvana paricaya akita kiyA gayA hai| kathAnaka vahI hai jo anya prAkRta-garana pa lA hAtA hai| grantha ke prArambha meM kavi ne dillI nagara kA alaMkRta bhASA me acchA paricaya diyaa| mAnA joNipura (yoginIpUra) ke nAma se vikhyAta thA, jana-dhana se sampanna, uttagasAla (kott| [ para mariyA (gAI) raNamaDapo, mundara madirA, samada gajaghaTAyA, gatizAla turaMgo, aura dhvajAnoM ge alakana thii| 7 / ra, padanapura dhvani ko sunakara nAcate hue mayUro pAra vizAla haTTa mArgo kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| usa gamaya di. 1 + nAgara vI kSatriya anagapAla tRtIya kA rAjya thaa| yaha anagapAla apane do pUrvaja anaMgapAlo me bhinna pradhAnamanapAla nAma me khyAta pA / yaha bar3A pratApI aora vIra thA, isane hammIra vIra kI sahAyatA kI thii| hamma.-: anakAI naho, pratihAra vaga kI dvitIya zAkhA ke hammIra deva jAna par3ate haiM, jinhoMne mavata 175: / naka gvAliyara meM rAjya kiyA hai| anagapAla kA iname kyA sambaMdha thA, yaha kucha jJAta nahA hA gaaaa| nagara dillA vabhava sampanna thI, grAra usame tividha jAti Ara dharma vAle loga rahate the| grantha racanA meM preraka pArzvanAtha nAma praraka mAha nadrala thA, jisakA pArivArika paricaya kavi ne nimna prakAra diyA hai / naTTarAnA / 'pAhaNa' thaa| inakA vaza agravAla thA, vaha sadA dharma karma meM sAvadhAna rahate the| mAtA kA nAma -- zrA, jI zAla rUpI mat AbhUpaNo se ala kRta thI aura vAMdhava janoM ko sUkha pradAna karatI thaa| gA nadana - bhrAtA the, rAghava aura soDhala / iname rAghava bar3A hI sundara evaM rUpavAna thaa| use dekhakara kAmaniyA ganinatA jAtA thaa| aora soDhala vidvAnI ko pAnada dAyaka, guru bhakta aura arahaMta deva kI stuti karane vAlA thA, madArIra vinaya rUpI AbhUSaNo se alakRta thA, tathA bar3A buddhivAna aura dhIravIra thaa| naTala mA- na lapa, guNyAtmA, mandara aura janavallabha thaa| kula rUpI kamalo kA Akara aura pApa rUpI pAga (raja) kA nAzaka, na kara kA pratiSThApaka, vandI jano ko dAna dene vAlA, para dopoM ke prakAzana se virakta ratnatraya me vibhUpita pAra na panava ko dAna dene meM sadA tatpara rahatA thaa| usa samaya vaha dillI ke jainiyoM meM pramukha thA / vyamanAdi ne na pAyako vrato kA anuSThAna karatA thA / sAhUnaTTala kevala dharmAtmA hI nahI thA, kinta uccakoTi kA kugala vyApArI thaa| uga mamaya usakA vyApAra aga, baga, kaliga, karnATaka, nepAla, bhoTa pAMcAla, cedi, gauDa, Thakka (pajAya kerala, marandra, bhAdAnaka, magadha, gurjara, soraThora hariyAnA prAdi nagaroM meM cala rahA thaa| yaha gajanA ti kA catura par3ita bhI thA, kuTumbo jana to nagara seTha the ora Apa svaya tomaravazI anaMgapAla tRtIya kA prAmAtya thaa| sAha naTTala ne kavi zrIdhara se, jo hariyAnA deza se yamunA nadI pAra kara dillI meM Aye the. pArzvanAtha carita banAne kI preraNA kii| taba kavi zrIdhara ne isa sarasa khaNDa kAvya kI racanA vi. 1 miri jAgvAla na / mabhAga, jagaNI-vIlhA-gabhUbhavegA / aNavagya vigNaga-garaNagAra hega, kaigA buha golha-taguruheNa ||-paarshvnaath ca0 pra0 2 hi asi-varatoDiya riu-kavAla, raNaraNAhu prasiddha aNagavAla / -SA0ca0 pra0

Page #390
356 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 saM0 1186 agahana vadI aSTamI ravivAra ke dina pUrNa kI thii| usa samaya naTTala sAhu ne dillI meM AdinAtha kA eka prasiddha jinamandira banavAyA thA, jo atyanta sundara thA, jaisA ki graMtha ke nimna vAkyoM se prakaTa hai : kArAvevi jAheyaho Ni keu, paviiNNa paMcavaNNaM sukeu / paI puNu paiTTha paviraiyama, pAsa ho caritu jai puNavi tema // usa AdinAtha mandira kI unhoMne pratiSThA vidhi bhI sampanna kI thI, usa pratiSThotsava kA ullekha grantha kI pAMcavIM sandhike bAda diye hue nimna padya se spaSTa hai : yenArAdhya vibudhya dhIramatinA devAdhidevaM jinaM / satpuNyaM samupAjitaM nijaguNaH saMtoSitA bAMdhavAH / jainaM caityamakArisundarataraM jainI pratiSThAM tathA / sa zrImAnviditaH sadaiva jayatAtpRthvI tale naTTalaH / / iyaM siri pAsa carittaM raiya buha sirihareNa guNabhariyaM / aNumaNNiya maNojjaM NaTTala NAmeNa bhavveNa // kavi kI dasarI kati 'vaDaDhamANacariu hai| isameM 10 saMdhiyA~ aura 31 kavaka haiN| jinameM antima tIrthakara bhagavAna mahAvIra kI jIvana gAthA dI huI hai| jisakI zloka sakhyA kavine DhAI hajAra ke lagabhaga batalAI hai| carita vahI hai, jo anya granthoM meM cacita hai, kintu kavi ne use vividha varNoM se saMjokara sarasa aura manahara banAyA hai| grantha sAmane na hone se usakA yahAM vizeSa paricaya denA saMbhava nahIM hai| va zrIdhara ne grantha kI antima prazasti meM apanA vahI paricaya dete hue grantha racanA meM preraka jaisavAlavaMzI nemicanda kA paricaya karAyA hai, aura likhA hai ki maiMne yaha grantha sAha nemicandra ke anurodha se banAyA hai, 'nemicandra vodAu nagara ke nivAsI the, jAyasa kula kamala divAkara the| inake pitA kA nAma sAhu naravara aura mAtA kA nAma somAdevI thA, jo jainadharma ko pAlana karane meM tAtpara the / sAha nemicandra kI dharmapatnI kA nAma 'vIvAdevI thaa| saMbhavataH inake tIna putra the-rAmacandra, zrIcandra aura vimalacandra / eka dina sAhu nemicandra ne kavi zrIdhara se nivedana kiyA ki jisa taraha Apane candraprabhacaritra aura zAntinAtha caritra banAye haiM usI taraha mere liye antima tIrthakara kA caritra bnaaiye| taba kavi ne ukta caritra kA nirmANa kiyA hai / isIse kavi ne pratyeka sandhi puSpikA meM use nemicandrAnumata likhA hai, jaisA ki usake nimna puSpikA vAkya se prakaTa hai : "iya siri vaDDhamANa titthayaradevarie pavaraguNarayaNaguNabharie vibuha siri sukaisiriharavira ie siri gemacaMda praNumaNNie vIraNAha NivvANagamaNavaNNaNo NAma dahamo pariccheo smmtto|" kavi ne pratyeka sandhi ke prArambha meM jo saMskRta padya diye haiM unameM nemicandra ko samyagdaSTi, dhIra, buddhimAna, lakSmIpati, nyAyavAna, aura bhava-bhogoM se virakta batalAte hue unake kalyANa kI kAmanA kI gaI hai| jaisA ki usakI AThavIM sandhi ke prAraMbha ke nimna zloka se prakaTa hai : yaH sadRSTi rudArudhIradhiSaNo lakSmImatA sNmto| nyAyAnveSaNatatparaH paramataproktAgamAsaMgataH janekAbhava-bhoga-bhaMguravapuH vairAgyabhAvAnvito, nandatvAtsahi nityamevabhuvane zrInemicandrazciram // 1 vikkama garidaM suprasiddha kAli; DhillI paTTaNi dharaNa-kaNa visAli / sa evAsi eyAraha saehi, parivADie varisahaM parigaehi / kasaNaDamohiM AgahaNa mAsi; ravivAra samANiuM sisira bhAsi / / 12--15

Page #391
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 8357 kavi ne isa grantha ko vikrama saMvat 1960 meM jyeSTha kRSNA paMcamI zanivAra ke dina banAkara samApta kiyA hai " / isa se eka varSa pahale saM0 1986 meM pArzvanAtha carita naTTala sAhukI preraNA se banAyA | candraprabhacarita saM0 1986 se pUrva bana cukA thA, saMvat 1987 yA 1188 meM banAyA ho / aura saMbhavataH 1986 meM hI zAntinAtha carita kI racanA kI hai, isI se usakA ullekha saM0 1960 ke vardhamAna carita meM kiyA hai / kavi ne anya kina granthoM kI racanA kI, yaha abhI anveSaNIya hai / ye donoM carita graMtha upalabdha nahIM haiM / mRtacandra (dvitIya) yaha mahAmuni mAdhavacandra maladhArI ke ziSya the, jo pratyakSa dharma, upazama, dama, kSamA ke dhAraka aura indriya tathA kapAyoM ke vijetA the, aura usa samaya 'maladhAri deva' ke nAma se prasiddha the| amRta candra inhIM mAdhava candra ke ziSya the| yaha mahAmuni pramRta tapa teja rUpI divAkara, vrata niyama tathA zIla ke ratnAkara the / tarka rUpI laharoM se jinhoMne paramata ko kolita kara diyA thA - DagamagA diyA thA, jo uttama vyAkaraNa rUpa padoM ke prasAraka the| jinake brahmacarya ke teja ke Age kAmadeva bhI china gayA thA - vaha unake samIpa nahIM A sakatA thA / isameM unake pUrNa brahmacarya niSTha hone kA ullekha milatA hai| inake ziSya siMha kavi ne jaba amRta candra vihAra karate hue bahmaNavADa nagar (sirohI) meM Aye taba siddha kavi ke apUrNa evaM khaNDita 'pradyumna carita' kA uddhAra kiyA thaa| inakA samaya vikrama kI 12vIM zatAbdI hai / tA maladhAro deu muNi-puMgamu, NaM paccakkha dhammu uvasamu damu / mAhavacaMda zrAsi supasiddhau, jo khama-dama jama-niyama- samiddhau / tAsu sIsu tava teya tivAyaru, vaya-tava-niyama- sola-rayaNAyaru / takka - lahari koliya paramau, vara vAyaraNa -pavara pasariya pau / jAsu bhuvaNadUraMtaru vaM kivi, Thiu pacchaSNu mayaNu zrAsaM kivi / amiyaca NAmeNa maDArau, soviharaMtu pattu buha -sArau | sassira-NaMdaNa-vaNa-saMchaNNau, maTha-vihAra- jiNabhavaNa ravaNNau / mhaNa vADau NAmeM paTTaNu / jainagrantha pra0 saM0 bhA0 2 pR0 21 malliSeNamaladhArI yaha dramilasaMgha nandigaNa praruGgalAnvaya ke vAdIbhasiMha ajitamena paMDita deva aura kumAramena ke ziSya the / tathA zrIpAla traividya ke guru the / mallipaNa bar3e tapasvI the / unakA zarIra bAraha prakAra ke pracaNDa tapazcaraNa kA dhAma thA / aura vaha dhUla dhUsarita rahatA thA, usakA ve kabhI prakSAlana nahIM karate the / unhoMne zrAgamokta ratnatraya kA AcaraNa kiyA thA aura niHzalya hokara prazeSa prANiyoM ko kSamAkara jinapAda mUla meM deha kA parityAga kiyA thA-- sanyAsa vidhi dvArA zaka saM0 1050 ke kIlaka saMvatsara meM (san 1928 I0) meM zravaNa belagola meM tIna dina ke anazana se madhyAhna meM zarIra kA parityAga kiyA thaa| jaisA ki malliSeNa prazasti ke antima padyoM se spaSTa hai: - zrArAdhya ratna- trayamAgamoktaM vidhAya nizzalyamazeSa jantoH I kSamAM kRtvA jinapAdamUle dehaM parityajya divaM vizAmaH // 71 // zAke zUnyaza rAbarAvanimite saMvatsarekIlake, mAse phAlguNa ke tRtIya divase vAsaM sitebhAskare / 1 Niva vikkamAicca ho kAlae, rigabbucchavavara tUra khAlae / yAraha sahi pari vigaryAha, saMvacchara saya gavahi samaya hi / jeTTa paDhama pakkhaI paMcamidiNe sUruvAre gayaNaM gari Thiimage // jaina graMtha pra0 saM0 bhA0 20178

Page #392
358 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 svAtau zveta-sarovare surapuraM yAto yatInAM patimadhyAhna divasatrayAnazanataH zrImalliSeNo muniH / / lakSmaNa deva kavi lakSmaNa deva kA vaMza puravADa thaa| pitA kA nAma rayaNa deva yA ratna deva thaa| inakI janmabhUmi mAlava dezAntargata gonanda' nAmaka nagara meM thii| yaha nagara usa samaya jaina dharma aura vidyA kA kendra thaa| vahAM aneka uttaMga jina mandira tathA meru jinAlaya bhI thA / kavi atyanta dhArmika dhana sampanna aura rUpavAna thaa| aura nirantara jinavANI ke adhyayana meM lIna rahatA thaa| vahAM pahale pataMjaline vyAkaraNa mahAbhASya kI racanA kI thii| jo vidvAnoM ke kaNTha kA AbhAraNa rUpa thaa| isase gonada nagara kI mahattA kA AbhAsa milatA hai / yaha nagara mAlavadeza meM thaa| aura ujjana tathA bhelasA (vidizA) ke madhyavartI kisI sthAna para thA / vahA ke nivAsI kavi jinavANI ke rasa kA pAna kiyA karate the| inake bhAI kA nAma ambadeva thA, jo kavi the, unhAna bhI kinI grantha kI racanA kI thii| para vaha anupalabdha hai / mAlava prAnta ke kisI zAstra bhaNDAra meM usakI talAza honI cAhiye / kavi ne grantha meM racanA kAla nahIM diyA, jisase yaha nizcita karanA kaThina hai ki grantha kava racA gyaa| kavi ne guru paramparA aura pUrvavartI kaviyoM kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyA / grantha kI prati lipi maMvat 1510 kI prApta haI hai| usase itanA hI kahA jA sakatA hai ki grantha saM0 1510 me pUrva racA gayA hai| kitane pUrva racA gayA, yaha vicAraNIya hai / grantha sabhavataH 11vI zatAbdI meM racA gayA hai| prantha paricaya prastuta miNAha cariu' meM cAra saMdhiyAM aura 83 kaDavaka hai jinakI grAnumAnika zloka saMkhyA 1350 ke lagabhaga hai| grantha meM carita aura dhArmika upadeza kI pradhAnatA hote hae bhI vaha aneka mUndara sthaloM se alaMkana hai grantha kI prathama saMdhi meM jina aura sarasvatI ke stavana ke sAtha mAnava janma ko durlabhatA kA nirdeza karate hae sajjanadurjana kA smaraNa kiyA hai aura phira kavi ne apanI alpajJatA ko pradarzita kiyA hai| (magadha deza aura rAjagaha nagara ke kathana ke pazcAt rAjA zreNika (bimbasAra) apanI jJAna pipAmA ko zAMta karane ke liye gaNadhara se neminAtha kA carita varNana karane ke liye kahatA hai| varADaka deza meM sthita vArAvatI yA dvArAvatI nagarI meM jarnAdana nAma kA rAjA rAjya karatA thA, vahI zaurIpura nareza samudravijaya apanI ziva devA ke sAtha rahate the| jarAsandha ke bhaya se yAdava gaNa zaurIpura chor3akara dvArikA meM rahane lge| vahI unake tIrthakara neminAtha kA janma huA thaa| yaha kRSNa ke cacare bhAI the| bAlaka kA janmAdi saMskAra indrAdi devoM ne kiyA thaa| dUsarI madhi meM neminAtha ko yuvAvasthA, vasata varNana aura jala krIr3A Adi ke prasaMgoM kA kathana diyA huA hai / kRSNa ko neminAtha ke parAkrama se IpI ho hone lagatI hai aura vaha unheM virakta karanA cAhate haiN| jUnAgar3ha ke rAjA kI putrI rAjamatI se neminAtha kA vivAha 1. prastuta 'goNaMda' nagara jise godana, yA gonaddha kahA jAtA thA, mAlava deza meM avasthita thaa| DA0 dazaratha zarmA ema0e0 DI.liTa ke anumAra gonarda yA gonaddha nagara panaJjali kI janma bhUmi thA / pataJjali gonardIya ke nAma se pramiddha the / pataJjali ne puSpa mitra zaka me yajJa karavAyA thaa| unhoMne vyAkaraNa mahAbhApya kI racanA isI nagara meM kI thii| pataJjali kI gonardIya saMjJA bhI unake mahAbhAgya kI racanA kA maketa karatI hai| isI se kavi lakSmaNa ne bhI neginAtha carita kI prazasti meM vahA~ prathama vyAkaraNa sAra ke race jAne kA ullekha kiyA hai| sUtta niyAta kI buddha ghopIya TIkA 'paramatthajyotikA' ke anusAra bhI gonaddha yA gonarda kI sthiti mAlavadeza meM thii| baddhaghoSa ne ujjayinI gonada vaidiza aura vanamAya (tumbavana) kA eka sAtha varNana kiyA hai| isameM goNaMda nagara kI sthiti kA spaSTa pratibhASa ho jAtA hai| See Studies in the Geographyof Ancient and Medieval India p. 206--218)

Page #393
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 356 nizcita hotA hai / bArAta saja-dhaja kara jUnAgar3ha ke sannikaTa pahuMcatI hai, neminAtha bahuta se rAja putroM ke sAtha ratha baiThe hue Asa-pAsa kI prAkRtika suSamA kA nirIkSaNa karate hue jA rahe the / usa samaya unakI dRSTi eka ora gaI to unhoMne dekhA ki bahuta se pA eka vArDa meM banda hai / ve vahA se nikalanA cAhate hai kintu vahAM se nikalane kA koI mArga nahI hai / neminAtha ne sArathi se ratha rokane ko kahA aura pUchA ki ye pazu yahAM kyoM roke gae haiN| neminAtha sArathi me yaha jAna kara bar3A maMda hayA ki barAta meM Ane vAle rAjAoM ke prAtithya ke liye ina pazuyoM kA vadha kiyA jAyagA / isame unake dayAlu hRdaya ko baDI usa lagI, ve bola yadi mere vivAha ke nimitta itane pazuoM kA jIvana saMkaTa meM hai, to dhikkAra hai mere isa vivAha ko aba maiM vivAha nahI kruuNgaa| pazuoM ko chur3avAkara turanta hI ratha se utara kara mukuTa aura kaMkaNa ko pheka vana kI ora cala diya / isa samAcAra se barAta meM koharAma maca gyaa| udhara jUnAgaDha ke antaHpura meM jaba rAjakumArI kA yaha jJAta humrA, to vaha mUrchA khAkara gira pdd'ii| bahuta se logoM ne neminAtha ko lauTAne kA prayatna kiyA, kintu saba vyarthaM / neminAtha pAsa meM sthita Urjayanta giri para caDha gae cora sahasAmra vana meM vastrAkAra Adi paradhAna kA parityAga kara digambara mudrA dhara zrAtmadhyAna meM lIna ho ge| rAjamatI pratiduHkhita hAtI hai tAMgarI sadhi meM isake viyoga kA varNana hai / rAjImanI ne bhI tapazcaraNa dvArA grAtma-sAdhanA kI / antima sandhi meM neminAtha kA pUrNa jJAnI ho dharmopadeza aura nirvANa prApti kA kathana diyA huA hai / isa taraha grantha kA carita vibhAga bar3A hI sundara tathA sakSipta hai, yAra kavi ne ukta ghaTanA ko sajIva rUpa meM citrita karane kA upakrama kiyA hai / kavi ne saMsAra kI vivazatA kA sundara grakana karate hue kahA hai-jisa manuSya ke ghara meM anna bharA huA hai / use bhojana ke prati aruci hai| jisame bhojana karane kI zakti hai, usake pAsa zasya (dhAnya) nahI / jisameM dAna kA utsAha hai usake pAsa dhana nahIM, jisake pAsa dhana hai, use ati lobha hai| jisameM kAma kA prabhutva hai usaka bhAryA nahIM jisake pAsa strI hai usakA kAma zAnta hai / jamA ko grantha kI nimna paktiyoM se spaSTa hai jagu gehi graNNa tamu graru hoi, jamu bhoja satti tamu sasuNa hoi / jamu dANa cAhu tagu daviNu Natthi jamu daviNu tAsu uilohu pratthi / jayapurA tasi Natthi bhAma, jasu bhAma tAmu ucchavaNa kAma / -- miNAhacariu 3-2 kavi ne graMtha meM kanakoM ke prArambha meM helA, duvaI aura vastu baMdha yAdi chandoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| kiMtu grantha meM chandoM kI bahulatA nahI hai / graMthakartA ne sthAna-sthAna para aneka sundara subhASitoM aura sUktiyoM kA prayoga kiyA hai / ve isa prakAra hai ki jIvai dhamma vivajji eNa-- dharma rahita jIne se kyA prayojana hai ki suhaDai saMgara kAyareNa - yuddha meM kAyara subhaToM se kyA ? ki vayaNa asaccA bhASaNa, jhUTha vacana bolane se kyA prayojana ki puttai gottaviNAsaNaMNa, -- kula kA nAza karane vAle hai putra se kyA ? ki phullai gratha vivajjieNa- gaMdha rahita phUla se kyA ? graMtha kI puSpikA meM kavi ne apane pitA kA ullekha kiyA hai| - iti miNAha carie avuhakai rayaNa suna lakkhaNeNa viraie bhavvayaNamaNANaMde NemikumAra saMbhavoNAma paDhamo paricchezro samatto / laghu zranantavIrya ( prameya ratnamAlA ke kartA) laghu anantavIrya ne apanI guru paramparA kA aura racanA kAla kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyA / isa kAraNa unake racanA kAla ke nizcaya karane meM kaThinAI ho rahI hai| ina laghu anantavIrya kI eka mAtra kRti parikSAmukha paMji

Page #394
360 1 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 kA hai, jisakA nAma usakI puSpikA vAkyoM meM 'laghuvRtti' diyA huA hai / yaha grantha prameya bahula hone ke kAraNa bAda ko isakA nAma prameya 'ratna mAlA' ho gayA hai| kartA ne isake viSaya kA saMkSepa meM itane sundara DhaMga se pratipAdana kiyA hai ki nyAya ke jijJAmunoM kA citta usakI ora prAkarSita hotA hai / isameM samasta darzanoM ke prameyoM kA itane sundara evaM vyavasthita DhaMga se pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / yadi prameyoM kA vizada varNana na kiyA jAtA to pramANa kI carcA pradhUrI hI rahatI / mANikyanandI ke parIkSAmukhakI vizAla TIkA prameyakamala mArttaNDa ina anantavIrya ke sAmane thA, usameM dArzanika viSayoM kA pratipAdana vistAra se kiyA gayA hai| paMjikAkAra ne prabhAcandra ke vacanoM ko udAra candrikAkI upamA dI hai aura apanI racanA paMjikA ko khadyota (juganU) ke samAna prakaTa kiyA hai, jaisA ki usake nimna padya se prakaTa hai : "prabhenduvacanodAra candrikAprasare sati / mAdRzAkvanu gaNyante jyotirigaNa sannibhA // " phira bhI laghu pranantavIrya kI yaha kRti apane viSaya kI maulika hai, yaha usakI vizeSatA hai / anantavIrya ne isakI racanA vaijeya ke priya putra hIrapa ke anurodha se zAntiSeNa ke liye banAI hai / parIkSAmukha sUtra grantha chaha adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai / usI ke anusAra paMjikA bhI chaha adhyAyoM meM vibhAjita hai, jina meM pramANa, pramANa ke bhedoM kA kathana, pramANa meM prAmANya svataH aura zrapramANya parataH hAtA hai, mImAMsako kI isa mAnyatA kA nirAkaraNa karate hue abhyAsadazA meM svataH aura anabhyAsadazA meM parataH prAmANya siddha kiyA gayA hai| sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa ke varNana meM mati jJAna ke 336 bhedoM kA pratipAdana sarvajJa kI siddhi aura sRSTi kartatva kA nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai / parokSa pramANa ke smRti pratyabhijJAna Adi bhedoM kA svarUpa nirdiSTa karate hue vedoM kA poruSeya siddha kiyA hai / cArvAka, bauddha, naiyAyika, vaizepika aura mImAMsakoM ke matAM kI AlocanA kI gaI hai / pramANa kA phala aura prAmaNAbhAsoM ke bheda prabhedoM kA sundara vivecana kiyA hai| isame grantha kI mahattA aura gaurava bar3ha gayA hai / AcArya prabhAcandra dvArA smRta kalaMka ke siddhi vinizcaya ke vyAkhyAkAra anantavIrya inase bhinna aura pUrvavartI haiM / paDita pravara grAzadhara jI ne anagAra dharmAmRta kI svopajJa TIkA ( pR0 528) meM prameya ratnamAlA kA maMgala zloka uddhRta kiyA hai / inhoMne anagAra dharmAmRta ko TIkA ko vi0 saM0 1300 (san 1243 ) meM samApta kiyA thA / isase prameyaratnamAlAkAra laghu anantavIrya kA samaya I0 san 1065 aura I0 san 1243 ke madhya prAjAtA hai| anantavIrya kI isa prameya ratnamAlA kA prabhAva hemacandra kI 'pramANa mImAMsA' para yatra tatra pAyA jAtA hai / hemacandra kA samaya I0 san 1088 se 1173 hai / ataH anantavIrya IsA kI 11vIM zatAbdI ke antima caraNa ke vidvAna pramANita hote haiM / 5 bAlacandra siddhAntadeva mUlamaMgha dezIyagaNa aura vakra gaccha ke vidvAna the| inake ziSya rAmacandradeva the / jinheM yAdava nArAyaNa vIravallAla deva ke rAjya kAla meM nala saMvatsara 1118 ( san 1996) meM purAne vyApArI kavaDamamya aura deva seTThi ne zAntinAthadeva kI varmAda ke liye dAna diyA thA / isase bAlacandra siddhAntadeva kA samaya IsA kI 12vIM zatAbdI hai / - jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 3 pR0 230 1 iti parIkSA mukhamya laghuvRttI dvitIyaH samuddezaH ||2 // 2 vaijeyapriyaputramya hI pasyoparodhataH / zAntiSeggArthamArabdhA parIkSAmupaJjikA // 3 natAmaraziroratna prabhAprotanaravatviSe / namojinAya durvAra mAravIramadacchide / / - prameya ratnamAlA 4 nalakacchapure zrImannemi caityAlaye'sighat / vikramAdazatetreSA trayodazam kArtike ||31|| anagAra dharmAmRta prazasti 5 pramANa mImAMsA prastAvanA pR0 43

Page #395
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya prabhAcandra prabhAcandra - meghacandra traividya deva ke pradhAna ziSya the| ora varddhana rAjA kI paTTarAnI zAMtaladevI ke guru the / zaka saM0 1068 san 1146 ( vi0 saM0 1203 ) meM jinake svargArohaNa kA ullekha zravaNabelagola ke zilAlekha naM 0 50 meM pAyA jAtA hai / inake guru meghacandra kA svargavAsa zaka sa0 1037 ( tri0 sa0 1172 ) meM huA thA / isase ina prabhAcandra kA samaya vikrama kI 12vI zatAbdI hai / dekho jaina lekha saMgraha 48 361 mAdhavasena nAma ke anya vidvAna mAdhavasena mUlasaMgha senagaNa ora pogarigaccha ke candraprabha siddhAntadeva ke ziSya the| ina mAdhavamena bhaTTArakadeva ne jina caraNoM kA manana karake paMcaparameSThI kA smaraNa karate hue samAdhimaraNa dvArA svarga prApta kiyA / yaha lekha saMbhavataH san 1925 I0 kA hai| ataH inakA samaya IsA kI 12vI zatAbdI hai / ( jaina legva saM0 bhA0 2 pR0 437 ) yaha mAdhavamena pratApamena ke paTTadhara the, jinhoMne paMcendriyoM ko jIta liyA thA, jisame yaha mahAna tapasvI jAna par3ate haiM / ye vidvAna hone ke sAtha-sAtha maMtravAdI bhI the| inhoMne bAdazAha alAuddIna khilajI dvArA prAyojita vAda-vivAda meM vijaya prApta kara jainadharma kA udyota kiyA thA, aura dillI ke jainiyA kA dharmasaMkaTa dUra kiyA thA / (devo, jaina si0 bhA0 bhA0 1 kiraNa 4 meM prakAzita kAlAsaMgha paTTAvalI kA phuTanoTa) vIrasena paMDitadeva - mUlasaMgha, menagaNa aura pogarigaccha ke vidvAna the| inake mahadharmI paMDita mANikyasena the / jinheM san 1142-43 meM dundubhivarSa pupya zuddha somavAra ko uttarAyaNa gakrAnti ke samaya, pazcimI cAlukya rAjA jagadekamalla dvitIya ke 12000 pradeza para zAsana karanevAle yogezvara daNDanAyaka genAdhyakSa ne pegaMDe mayduna mallideva senAdhyakSa kI anumati se bhUmi dAna diyA thA / (jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 3 pR 56 ) narendra saina lADavADa saMgha ke vidvAna vIrasena ke praziSya aura guNamena ke ziSya the / ina vIrasena ke tIna ziSya the- guNasena, udayamena aura jayamena / inameM guNagena sUri aneka kalAoM ke dhAraka the| inhI ke ziSya narendra sena ne 'siddhAntasAra saMgraha' kI racanA kI hai / narendramena ne grantha ke puSpikA vAkya meM apane ko paDitAcArya vizeSaNa ke sAtha ullekhita kiyA hai : " iti zrI siddhAntasArasaMgrahe paNDitAcArya narendrasena viracita samyagjJAnanirUpaNo dvitIyaH paricchedaH / " jisa samaya narendrasena ne siddhAntasArasaMgraha kI racanA kA, usa samaya unake guru aura praguru donoM hI maujUda the / kyoMki kavi ne grantha ke navameM pariccheda meM donoM ko namaskAra kiyA hai, aura likhA hai ki vorasena ke prasAda 1 se merI buddhi nirmala huI hai aura guNasenAcArya kI bhakti karane se unake prasAda meM maiM sAdhu saMpUjita devasena ke paTTa para pratiSThita huA hUM' | jina devasena ke paTTa para narendramena pratiSThita hue ve devamena kauna hai ? yaha vicAraNIya hai / narendrasena ke samaya kI saMgati ko dekhate hue mujhe to yaha saMbhava pratIta hotA hai ki dUbakuNDa ke stambha lekha meM, jo saMvat 1952 meM 1. yo'bhUcchrI vIraseno vibudhajana kRtArAdhano 'gAdhavRttiH / tasmAllabdhi prasAde mayi bhavatu ca me buddhi vRddho vizuddhiH // 224 so'yaM zrI guNasena saMyamadhara pravyaktabhaktiH sadA, satprItiM tanute jinezvaramahAsiddhAntamArge giraH / bhUtvA so'pi narendrasena iti vA yAsyatyavazyaM padam, zrI devasya samastasAghumahitaM tasya prasAdAntataH / / 225

Page #396
162 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 utkIrNa huA hai| jisameM-saM0 1152 vaizAkhasudi paJcamyAM zrI kASThAsaMgha mahAcAryavarya zrIdevasena pAdukA yugalam" lekha aMkita hai usake bhAga meM eka khaNDita mUrti aMkita hai jisapara zrI deva (sena) likhA hai| isa samaya ke sAtha prastuta narendrasena kA samaya ThIka baiTha jAtA hai / arthAt prastuta narendrasena vikrama kI 12vIM zatAbdI ke pUrSi ke vidvAna haiN| kyoMki lADavAgaDa gaNa ke jayasena ne apanA 'dharmaratnAkara' saM01055 meM banAkara samApta kiyA hai| unase cauthI pIDhI meM prastuta narendrasena hue haiN| yadi eka pIr3hI kA samaya kama se kama 20 varSa mAnA jAya to tIna pIDhiyoM kA samaya 60 varSa hotA hai, use 1055 meM jor3ane para saM01115 hotA hai| isake bAda narendrasena kA samaya zuru hotA hai| arthAt narendrasena saM0 1120 se 1160 ke vidvAna Thaharate haiN| pranya racanA isa samaya inakI do kRtiyAM prasiddha haiN| eka siddhAntasArasaMgraha aura dUsarI kRti pratiSThAdIpaka hai| siddhAntasAra saMgraha meM 12 pariccheda yA adhikAra haiM, jinakI zloka saMkhyA 1924 hai / isa grantha meM gRddhapicchAcArya ke tattvArtha satra kA eka prakAra se prakaTIkaraNa hai| isake sAtha hI anya aneka bAtoM kA saMkalana kiyA gayA hai| prathama pariccheda meM samyagdarzana kA varNana hai, aura dvitIya pariccheda meM samyagjJAna kA nirUpaNa hai| tIsare pariccheda meM samyaka cAritra kA tathA ahiMsAdi paMcavratoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| cauthe pariccheda meM anya matAntaroM kA varNana kiyA hai| pAMcaveM pariccheda meM jIva tattva kA kathana kiyA hai| aura chaThe pariccheda meM naraka gati kA varNana hai| sAtave pariccheda ke 234 padyoM meM madhyaloka kA kathana kiyA hai| prora pAThaveM pariccheda meM 146 padyoM dvArA gatyanuvAda dvAra se jIvatattva kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| nauvaM pariccheda ke 225 padyoM meM ajIva prAsrava aura baMdha tatva kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| 10 veM pariccheda ke 166 padyoM dvArA nirjarA aura prAyazcitta kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| 11veM pariccheda ke 101 padyoM meM mokSa tatva kA varNana kiyA hai aura antima 12 veM pariccheda ke 61 payoM meM kevalajJAna kI prApti ke liye ArAdhanA kA kathana kiyA hai| inakI dUsarI kRti pratiSThA dIpaka hai jise unhoMne pUrvAcAryAnusAra racA hai, aura jo abhI aprakAzita hai| grantha ke anta meM prazasti nahIM hai| isameM jinamandira, jinamUrti Adi ke nirmANa meM tithi, nakSatra, yoga mAdi kA varNana, tathA sthApya, sthApaka aura sthApanA kA kathana kiyA hai / usake prAraMbha ke maMgala padya isa prakAra haiM: vizvavizvambharAbhAradhAri dharmadhurandharaH / deyAdvo maGgalaM devo divyaM zrImunisuvrataH // namaskRtya jinAdhIzaM pratiSThAsAradIpakam / vakSye buddhyanusAreNa pUrvasUrimatAnugam / / anta meM likhA hai sarvagranyAnusAreNa saMkSepAtacitaM myaa| pratiSThAdIpakaM zAstra zoSayantu vicakSaNAH / / kavi siddha aura siMha kavi middha paMpAiya aura devaNa kA putra thA / usane apabhraMza bhASA meM pajjuNNa cariu (pradya mnacarita) ko racanA kI thI, kintu vaha grantha kisI taraha khaNDita ho gayA thA aura usI avasthA meM vaha siMha kavi ko prApta hamA / kavi siMha ne usakA samuddhAra kiyA thA, jaisA ki nimna vAkya se prakaTa hai: 1. See Archeological Survey of India VoL 20P. 102 2. "puraNa paMpAiya devaNa NaMdaNu bhaviyaNa ynnaannNdnnuu| vuhayaNajaNa paya paMkaya chappau, bhaNai siddha paNamiya paramappau // "

Page #397
gyAyahakoM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 'kaha siddha ho virayaMta ho viNAsu, saMpattau kammavaseNa tAsu / ' para kajja para kavvaM vihaDaMtaM jehiM uddhariyaM" (pajjuNNaca0 pra0) kavi siddha ne ise kaba banAyA, isakA koI ullekha nahI miltaa| kavi siMha gurjara kula meM utpanna huA thA, jo eka pratiSThita kula thaa| usameM aneka dharmaniSTha vyakti ho cuke haiN| kavi ke pitA kA nAma 'budha ralhaNa' thA, jo vidvAna the| mAtA kA nAma jinamatI thA, jo zIlAdi sadaguNoM se vibhUSita thii| kavi ke tIna bhAI ora the, jinakA nAma zubhaMkara, gaNapravara aura sAdhAraNa thaa| ye tInoM bhAI dharmAtmA aura sundara zarIra vAle the| kavi siha svayaM prAkRta, saMskRta, apabhraza aura dezI ina cAra bhASAoM meM nipuNa thaa| kavi ne pajjuNNa cariu kI racanA binA kisI kI sahAyatA ke kI thii| usane apane ko bhava-bhedana meM samartha, zamI tathA kavitva ke garva sahita prakaTa kiyA hai| kavi ne apane ko, kavitA karane meM jisakI koI samAnatA na kara sake aisA asAdhAraNa kAvya-pratibhA vAlA vidvAna batalAyA hai| sAtha hI vaha vastu ke sAra-prasAra ke vicAra karane meM sUndara buddhivAlA samIcIna, vidvAnoM meM agraNI, sarva vidvAnoM kI vidvattA kA sampAdaka, satkavi thaa| usI ne isa kAvya-grantha kA nirmANa kiyA hai| sAtha hI kavi ne apanI laghatA vyakta karate hA apane ko chanda alaMkAra aura vyAkaraNa se anabhijJa, tarka zAstra ko nahIM jAnane vAlA aura sAhitya kA nAma bhI jisake karNagocara nahI huA, aisA kavi siMha sarasvatI devI ke prasAda ko prAptakara satkaviyoM meM agraNI mAnya tathA manasvI priya hanA hai / 1. jAtaH zrI nijadharmakarma nignaH zAratrArthamarvapriyo, bhASAbhiH pravaraNazcatubhirabhavacchI siMhanAmA kaviH / putro ralhaNa paMDitagya matimAn zrIgUrjarAgo miha / dRSTi-jJAta-caritra bhUSitatanurvaze vizAlevanau / / -pajjuNNa cariu kI 13vIM saMdhi ke prArabha kA padya 2. "sAhAyyaM samavApya nAtra sukaveH pradya mna kAvyasya yaH / kartA'bhUd bhava-bhedanakacaturaH zrI siha nAmA zamI / sAmyaM tasya kavitva garva sahita ko nAma jAto'vanau, zrImajjainamata pragIta supathe sArthaH pravRtteH kSamA / " --caudahavI sadhi ke anta meM sArAsAra vicAra cAru dhiSaNaH sddhiimtaamgrnnii| jAtaH satkaviratnasarva viduSAM vaidupya sNpaadkH| yenedaM caritaM pragalbhamanasA zAtaH pramodAspadaM / pradya mnasya kRtaM kRtavitA jIyAt sa sihaH kSitau / / --9vI saMdhi ke anta meM 3. chando'naMkRti-lakSaNaM na paThitaM nA'zrAvi tarkAgamo; jAtaM haMta na karNagocaracaraM sAhitya nAmA'pi ca / sihaH satkaviragraNI samabhavat prApya prasAdaM para, vAgdevyAH sukavitva jAtayazasA mAnyo mnsvipriyH||

Page #398
164 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 guruparamparA kavivara siha ke guru muni puGgava bhaTTAraka amRtacandra the, jA tapa-teja ke divAkara, aura vrata niyama tathA zIla ke ratnAkara (samudra) the| takaM rUpI laharoM se jinhAne paramata ko jhaMkolita kara diyA thA-DagamagA diyA thAjo uttama vyAkaraNa rUpa pado ke prasAraka the, jinake brahmacarya ka teja ke Age kAmadeva dUra se hI bakita (khaDita) hone kI prAzaMkA se mAno chipa gayA thA-vaha unake samIpa nahIM AsakatA thA-isase unake pUrNa brahmacarya niSTha hone kA spaSTa ullekha milatA hai| kavi ne antima prazasti meM amRtacandra ko paravAdiyoM ko vAda meM harAne meM samartha aura zruta kevalI ke samAna dharma kA vyAkhyAtA batalAyA hai| prastuta bhaTTAraka amRtacandra una AcArya amRta candra se bhinna hai, jo AcArya kundakunda ke samayasArAdi prAbhUtatraya ke TIkAkAra aura puruSArtha siddhayupAya Adi granthoM ke racayitA hai / ve loka meM 'Thakkura' upanAma se bhI prasiddha hai| unakI samasta racanAoM kA jaina samAja meM bar3A samAdara hai| ve vikrama kI dazavI zatAbdI ke vidvAna haiN| unakA samaya paTTAvalI meM saM0662 diyA hayA hai jo ThIka jAna par3atA hai| kintu ukta bhaTTAraka amRtacandra ke guru mAdhavacandra the, jo pratyakSa dharma upazama, dama, kSamA ke dhAraka aura indriya tathA kaSAyoM ke vijetA the, aura jo usa samaya 'maladhArI deva' ke nAma se prasiddha the, aura yama tathA niyama se sambaddha the| 'maladhArI' eka upAdhi thI, jo usa samaya ke kisI-kisI sAdhu sampradAya meM pracalita thii| isa upAdhi ke dhAraka aneka vidvAna prAcArya ho gaye hai| vastutaH yaha upAdhi una ni pugavAM ko prApta hotI thI, jo durdhara parISahoM, vividha ghora upasargo aura zIta-upNa tathA varSA ko vAdhA sahate hue bhI kabhI kaSTa kA anubhava nahI karate the / aura pasIne se tara vatara zarIra hone para li ke kaNoM ke saMsarga se malina zarIra ko sApha na karane tathA pAnI se dhone yA nahAne jaisI ghora bAdhA ko bhI saha lete the| aise muni pugava hI ukta upAdhi se alaMkRta kiye jAte the| pramatacandra bhramaNa karate hue bamhaNavADa nagara meM Aye the| inhIM amatacandra guru ke Adeza se pajjaNNa cariu kI racanA kavi ne ko hai| racanA kAla kavi ne grantha meM racanA kAla nahI diyA, jisase usake nizcaya karane meM bar3I kaThinAI upasthita ho rahI hai| grantha prazasti meM 'bamhaNavADa' nagara kA varNana karate hae mAtra itanA hI ullekha kiyA gayA hai ki usa samaya vahAM raNadhorI yA raNadhIra kA putra ballAla thA, jo arNorAja kA kSaya karane ke liye kAlasvarUpa thA / aura jisakA mAMDalika bhatya athavA sAmanta guhila vazIya kSatrA bhullaNa usa samaya bamhaNavADa kA zAsaka thA isase ukta rAjAoM ke rAjya kAla kA parijJAna nahI hotA / prAcArya somaprabha, prAcArya hemacandra aura somatilaka sUri ke kumArapAla carita sambandhI granthoM meM 1. jaina grantha prazasti sagraha bhA0 2 pR0 20 2. dekho, 'amRtacandra kA samaya' zIrSaka lekha, anekAnta varSa ki0 4-5 / 3. amiya mayaMda gurUraNaM AesaM lahevi jhatti iya kavvaM / pradyumna carita kI aMtima prazasti 4. sasmira-gaNaMdaNa-vagga-saMjhaNNau, maTha-vihAra-jiraNa-bhavaraNara vAu / bamhaNabADa gAmeM paTTaNu, agNiraNAha-seNadala vaTTaNu / jo bhuMjai agriNagvaya kAla ho, raNadhogyi ho suaho ballAla ho| jAmu bhiccUdujjaNa-magagamallA , khattiu guhila uttu jahi bhullaNu // -pradyumna parita kI prazasti

Page #399
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 365 ballAla ko mAlavarAja likhA hai, aura yaha bhI likhA hai ki ballAla para car3hAI karane vAle senApati ne zatru kA zira cheda karake kumArapAla kI vijaya patAkA ujjayinI ke rAjamahala para phaharA do / udayagiri ( bhelasA) meM kumArapAla ke do lekha saM0 1220 aura 1222 ke mile haiM, jinameM kumArapAla ko avantinAtha kahA gayA hai| mAlavarAja ballAla ko mAra kara kumArapAla avantinAtha kahalAyA / maMtrI tejapAla ke grAbU ke lUNa vasati gata saM0 1287 ke lekha meM mAlavA ke rAjA ballAla ko yazodhavala dvArA mAre jAne kA ullakha hai' / yaha yazodhavala vikramasiMha kA bhatIjA thaa| vikramasiMha ke kaida ho jAne para gaddI para baiThA thA / yaha kumAra pAla kA mAMDalika sAmanta athavA bhRtya thA, mere isa kathana kI puSTi acalezvara mandira ke zilAlekha gata nimna padya se bhI hotI hai " tasmAnmahI "viditAnyakalatrapAtra, sparzo yazodhavala ityavalambata e sma / yo gurjara kSitipatipratipakSamAjau, ballAlamAlabhata mAlava medinIndram // " yazodhavala kA vi0 saM0 1202 (san 1945) kA eka zilAlekha jarI gAMva se milA hai, jisameM 'pramAra vaMzodbhava mahAmaNDalezvara zrIyazodhavala rAjye' vAkya dvArA yazodhavala ko paramAra vaMza kA maNDanezvara sUcita kiyA hai / yazodhavala rAmadeva kA putra thA, isakI rAnI kA nAma saubhAgyadevI thA / isake do putra the, jinameM eka kA nAma dhArAva zrIra dUsare kA nAma pralhAdadeva thA / inameM yazodhavala ke bAda rAjya kA uttarAdhikArI dhArAvarSa thA / vaha bahuta hI vIra aura pratApI thA / isakI prazaMsA vastupAla tejapAla prazasti ke 36vaM padya meM pAI jAtI / dhArAvarSa kA ma0 1220 eka lekha 'kAyadrA gAMva ke bAhara, kAzI vizvezvara ke mandira se prApta huA hai / yadyapi isakI mRtyu kA koI spaSTa ullekha nahI milA, phira bhI usakI mRtyu ukta saM0 1220 ke samaya taka yA usake antargata jAnanI cAhie / kumArapAla jaba gujarAta kI gaddI para baiThA, taba caulukyarAja ke rAjya kA vistAra sudUra prAntoM meM thA / kumArapAla usakI vyavasthA meM lagA huA thA, usakA maMtrI udayana thA / udayana kA tIsarA putra cAhaDa bar3A sAhasI aura samaravIra thA / usa samaya cAhaDa kisI kAraNavaza kumArapAla se prasantuSTa ho zAkaMbharI nareza zrarNorAja se A milaa| usakI kUTanIti ke kAraNa mAlavA kA rAjA ballAla aura candrAvatI kA paramAra vikrarmAsaha, aura sapA dalakSa kA cauhAna rAja ye tInoM paraspara meM mila ge| inhoMne kumArapAla ke viruddha jabardasta pratikriyA kI / parantu ve usameM saphala nahI ho sake / kumArapAla ne arNorAja se yuddha kara use zaraNAgata hone ko vAdhya kiyA, aura lauTate samaya vikramasiMha kI kaida kara piMjar3e meM banda kara le AyA, prora usakA rAjya usake bhatIje yazodhavala ko de diyA / phira usane ballAla ko mArA aura isa taraha usane tIna rAjAoM ko parAsta kara mAlavA ko gujarAta meM milAne kA saphala prayatna kiyA / mRtyu ballAla kI ko ullekha to aneka prazastiyoM meM milatA hai / bar3anagara se prApta kumArapAla kI prazasti ke 15 zlokoM meM ballAla kI hAra aura kumArapAla kI vijaya kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| bar3anagara kI 1. rodaH kadaravati kIti laharI liptAmRtAM zudyatepradyumnavazoyazodhavala ityAsIttanUjastataH / yazcaulukya kumArapAla nRpatiH pratyarthinAmAgataM, matvA satvarameva mAlavapati ballAlamAlabdhavAn // 2. zatru zreNI galatridalanonnidra nistrizadhAro, dhArAvarSa: samajani sutastasya vizva prazasyaH / kokAn pradhanavA nizcale yatra jAtAzcotannetrotpala jalakaraNaH kokaraNAdhIzapatnyaH / 3. dekho, bhArata ke prAcIna rAjavaMza bhA0 1 0 76-77 / 4. Epigraphica Indica V.3P.0 200

Page #400
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-mAga 2 isa prazasti kA kAla san 1151 (vi0 saM0 1208) hai / prataH ballAla kI mRtyu san 1151 (vi0 saM0 1208) se pUrva huI hai| para vicAraNIya yaha hai ki ballAla avanti kA zAsaka kaba banA, aura usakA vaMza kyA thA ? aitihAsika dRSTi se san 1138 taka mAlavA para jayasiMha kA adhikAra rahA / usake bAda saMbhavataH yazovarmana ke putra jayavarmana ne jayasiMha caulukya ke antima dinoM meM mAlavA ko svatantra kara liyaa| kintu vaha usa para adhika samaya taka zAsana nahIM kara sakA / kalyANa ke cAlukya jagadekamalla aura hoyasala narasiMha prathama ne mAlavA para AkramaNa kara diyA aura usakI zakti naSTa kara dI, aura usa deza kI rAjagaddI para ballAla nAma ke vyakti ko baiThA diyaa| isa ghaTanA ke kucha samaya pazcAt san 1050 ke lagabhaga caulukya kumArapAla ne ballAla kA vadha karA kara, bhelasA taka mAlavA kA sArA rAjya apane rAjya meM milA liyaa| kheralA gAMva (ji. vetUla) se prApta zilAlekha meM, jo zaka saM0 1079 (san 1157 I0) kA hai, isa zilAlekha meM rAjA narasiMha ballAla aura jaitapAla aisI rAja paramparA dI huI hai / yaha zilAlekha khaMDita hai isaliye pUrA nahIM par3hA jA sktaa| eka dUsarA lekha bhI vahIM se prApta huA hai, jo zaka saM0 1064 (sana 1972 I0)kA hai / isa lekha kA prArambha 'jinAnusiddhiH' vAkya se huA hai| jisase jAna par3atA hai ki ye rAjA jaina the| kintu jaitapAla ko marAThI ke kavi mukundarAja ne vaidika dharma kA upadeza dekara vedAnuyAyI banA liyA thaa| ye saba rAjA ailavaMzI rAjA zrIpAla ke vaMzaja the| kheralA grAma zrIpAla rAjA ke AdhIna thaa| zrIpAla ke sAtha mahamUda gajanavI (san 666 se 1027) ke bhAMje abdula rahamAna kA yuddha huA thaa| tavArIkhae amajadiyA ke anusAra yaha yuddha san 1001I0 meM elicapura aura kheralA grAma ke nikaTa huprA thaa| abdula rahamAna kA vivAha ho rahA thA, usI samaya lar3AI chir3a gaI, aura vaha dUlhe ke veza meM hI ldd'aa| isa yuddha meM donoM mAre ge| ___isa aitihAsika ghaTanA se siddha hai ki ballAla ailavaMzI thA aura usake pUrvajoM kA zAsana ailicapura meM thaa| kalyANa ke cAlukya jagadeka malla aura hoyasala narasiMha prathama ne paramAra rAjA jayavarmana ke viruddha san 1138 ke lagabhaga AkramaNa karake use rAjyacyuta kara diyA, aura apane vizvasta rAjA ballAla ko elicapUra se bulA kara mAlavA kA rAjya soMpa diyA / ballAla vahAM 5-7 varSa hI rAjya kara pAyA thaa| vaha vIra aura parAkramI zAsaka thaa| utane alpa samaya meM hI usane apanA prabhAva jamA liyA thA aura apane rAjya kA vistAra kara liyA thA kintu sana 1143 meM yA usake kucha samaya pazcAt caulukya kumArapAla kI AjJA se candrAvatI ke rAjA vikramasiMha ke bhatIje paramAra vaMzI yazodhavala ne ballAla para AkramaNa karake yuddha meM usakA vadha kara diyA aura usakA sira kamArapAla ke mahaloM ke dvAra para laTakA diyaa| usa samaya se kumArapAla avantinAtha ho gyaa| astu, prastuta ballAla hI Una ke mandiroM kA nirmAtA hai| Upara ke kathana se yaha spaSTa mAlUma hotA hai ki kumArapAla yazodhavala, ballAla aura arNorAja ye sava rAjA samakAlIna haiM / prastuta pajjuNNa cariu kI racanA IsA kI 12vIM sadI ke madhyakAla kI racanA hai| prantha racanA pajjuNNa cariu ke kartA kavi siddha aura siMha haiM / prastuta grantha eka khaNDa kAvya hai jisameM 15 sandhiyAM haiM aura jinakI zloka saMkhyA sAr3he tIna hajAra ke lagabhaga hai| isameM yaduvaMzI zrIkRSNa ke putra pradyumna kumAra kA jIvana-paricaya guMphita kiyA gayA hai, jo jainiyoM meM prasiddha 24 kAmadevoM meM se 21veM kAmadeva the aura jinheM utpanna hote hI pUrva janma kA vairI eka rAkSasa uThA kara le jAtA hai aura use eka zilA ke nIce rakha detA hai| pazcAt kAla saMvara nAma kA eka vidyAdhara use le jAtA hai, aura use apanI patnI ko soMpa detA hai| vahAM usakA lAlana-pAlana hotA hai, tathA vahAM vaha aneka prakAra kI kalAoM kI zikSA pAtA hai| usake aneka bhAI bhI kl| vijJa banate haiM, parantu unheM isakI caturatA rucikara nahIM hotI, unakA mana bhI isase nahIM milatA, ve use apane meM

Page #401
pyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 367 dUra karane athavA mArane yA viyukta karane kA prayatna karate haiN| para puNyAtmA jIva sadA sukhI aura sampanna rahate haiM / ataeva vaha kumAra bhI unapara sadA vijayI rhaa| bAraha varSa ke bAda kumAra aneka vidyAoM aura kalAmoM se saMyukta hokara vaibhavasahita apane mAtA-pitA se milatA hai / usa samaya putra milana kA dRzya bar3A hI karuNa aura dRSTavya hai / vaha vaivAhika bandhana meM baddha ho kara sAMsArika sukha bhI bhogatA hai, aura bhagavAna neminAtha dvArA yaha jAnakara ki 12 varSa meM dvArAvatI kA vinAza hogA, vaha bhogoM se virakta ho digambara sAdhu ho jAtA hai aura tapazcaraNa kara pUrNa svAtantrya prApta karatA hai| isI se kavi ne grantha kI pratyeka sandhi puSpikA meM dharma-artha- kAma aura mokSa rUpa puruSArtha catuSTaya se bhUSita batalAyA hai ' / grantha kI bhASA meM svAbhAvika mAdhurya aura pada lAlitya hai / rasa alaMkAra aura aneka chaMda bhI usakI sarasatA meM sahAyaka haiM / grantha mahatvapUrNa zraura prakAzita hone ke yogya hai / pajjuNNa cariu kI pharukha nagara kI 63 patrAtmaka prati meM 10vIM saMdhi taka siddha kavikRta prathama saMdhi jaisI puSpikA dI huI hai| aura 11vIM saghi se 15vIM saMdhi taka dUsarI puSpikA haiM / jinase yaha spaSTa jAna par3atA hai ki kavisiMha ne 11vIM saMdhi se 15trIM saMdhi taka 5 sadhiyoM ko svayaM racA hai| usase pUrva kI sadhiyoM ke sambandha meM yaha kahanA kaThina hai ki kitanI saMdhi zrIra samuddhArita kI haiN| kyoMki 11vI sadhi kI puSpi kA nimna prakAra hai: "iya pajjuNNa kahAe paryADiya dhammasthakAma mokkhAe buharalhaNa suzra kai sohaviraiyAe sacca mahAdevI mANabhaMgo NAma ekAdazamo sadhi pariccheyo samatto // " padmanandi vratI prastuta padmanandi rAddhAnta zubhacandra ke ziSya the / inhoMne apane ko ukta zubhacandra kA agra ziSya likhA hai / yaha mahAtapasvI aura adhyAtma zAstra ke bar3e bhArI vidvAna the| aura jainAmRtarUpI sAgara ke bar3hAne vAle the / inake vidyAguru kanakanandI paMDita the / inake nAma ke sAtha paMDitadeva, vratI aura muni kI upAdhiyAM pAI jAtI haiM / inhoMne prAcArya amRtacandra kI vacana candrikA se AdhyAtmika vikAsa prApta kiyA thA / inhoMne nimbarAja ke sambodhanArtha padmanandi kI ekatvasaptati kI kanar3I TIkA banAI thii| TIkA kI prazasti meM padmanandI aura nimbarAja kI prazaMsA kI gaI hai / ye nimbarAja ve jAna par3ate haiM jo pArzvakavi kRta 'nimba sAvanta carite' nAma ke 506 SaTpadI padyAtmaka kannaDa kAvya ke nAyaka haiM / isa kAvya ke vRttAnta se jJAta hotA hai ki nimbarAja zilAhAravaMzIya gaNDarAditya rAjA ke sAmanta the / inhoMne kolhApura meM 'rUpanArAyaNa' vasadi kA nirmANa karAyA thA / aura kArtika vadi paMcamI zaka saM 1058 ( vi0 saM0 1983 ) meM kolhApura va miraja ke grAsapAsa ke grAmoM kI Aya kA dAna bhI diyA thA / isase ina padmanandI vratI kA samaya vikrama kI 12vIM zatAbdI hai / ekatva saptati kI kanaDI TIkA kI antima prazasti isa prakAra hai: zrIpadmanandI tinimiteyam ekatvasaptatya khilArthapUtiH / vRttizciraM nimbanRpa prabodhalabdhAtmavRtti jayatAM jagatyAm // svasti zrI zubhacandra rAddhAntadevApraziSyeNa kanakanandi paNDitavAprazmi vikasita hRtkumudAnanda zrImadamRtacandracandrikonmIlita netrotpalA valokitAzeSAdhyAtmata svavedinA padmanandimuninA zrImajjaina sudhAbdhi vardhanakarApUrNendurArAtivIra zrIpati nimbarAjAvabodhanAya kRtakatvasaptateva tiriyam - tajjJAH saMpravadanti saMtatamiha zrIpadmanandi vratI, kAmadhvaMsaka ityalaM tavanRtaM teSAM vacassarvathA / " ( - padmanandi paMca viMzatikA kI aMgrejI prastAvanA pR0 17 ) 1. iya pajjuNNa kahAe paryADiya - dhammattha-kAma-mokkhAe kaI siddha-biraiyAe paDhamo saMdhI pari samatto // 1 // 2. iya pajjuNNa kahAe payaDiyadhammastha kAma mokkhAe buha ralhaNa sua kadda sIha viraiyAe pajjuSNa-saMku bhANu- praNirudda nivvANamamaraNaM zAma paSNArahamo pariccheu samatto /

Page #402
360 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 giri koti prastuta girikIrti mUla saMgha balAtkAra gaNa sarasvatigaccha kundakundAnvaya ke vidvAna candrakIrti ke ziSya the| yaha candrakIti meghacandra ke sadharmA the| girikIrti ne prazasti meM nimna vidvAnoM kA ullekha kiyA hai zrutakIrti meghacandra candra kIrti aura girakIti' / yaha apane samaya ke acche vidvAna the| gommaTasAra kI racanA prAcArya nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI ne cAmuNDarAya ke praznAnusAra kI hai| yaha cAmuNDarAya gaMganareza mArasiMha dvitIya ke amAtya aura senApati the| inhoMne apanA cAmuNDarAya purANa zaka0 saM0 600 (san 178 I0) meM bnaayaa| ataH gommaTasAra kI racanA kA bhI vahI samaya hai / girikIti kI ekamAtra kRti gommaTasAra kI paMjikA hai| isa pajikA kA ullekha abhayacandra ne apanI manda prabodhikA TIkA meM kiyA hai / jo unhoMne gommaTasAra kI racanA ke lagabhaga eka sau solaha varSa vAda zaka saM0 1016 san 1064 (vi0 saM0 1151) meM banAkara samApta kI thii| jaisA ki nimna gAthA se spaSTa hai : solaha sahiya sahasse gayasaka kAle pavaDDhamANassa / bhAvasamassasamattA kattiya gaMdIsare esA / prastuta paMjikA kI prati 18 patrAtmaka hai jo saM0 1560 kI pratilipi kI huI hai| pajikA kI bhASA prAkRta-saMskRta mizrita hai| jisameM gommaTasAra jIvakANDa-karmakANDa kI gAthAno ke viziTa gabdoM yA vipamapadoM kA artha diyA gayA hai| kahI kahI vyAkhyA bhI sakSipta rUpa meM dI gaI hai| sabhI gAthAnoM para pajikA nahI hai| paMjikA kI vizeSatA paMjikA kA adhyayana karane meM usakI viziSTatA kA anubhava honA hai| kahI kahI maiddhAntika vAtoM kA spapTIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai, usakI bhI jAnakArI hotI hai| jIvakANDa kI paMjikA meM bastutattva kA vicAra karate hae use pRSTa karane ke lie anya granthakAroM ke ullekha bhI uddhata kiye haiM jisame grantha ko prAmANikatA rhe| usakA prAdi maMgala padya nimna prakAra haiM : paNamiya jiNidaM caMdaM gommaTa saMggaha samagga suttANaM / kesipi bhaNissAmo vivaraNa maNNesa samAsijja / / tattha tAva tesi suttANamAdie maMgalajhaiM bhaNissa mANaTuM visaya paiNNA karaNaLaM ca kayassa siddha miccAi gAhA suttassattho uccayeNa? vivaraNaM kahissAmo taMjahA vocchaM cAro guNasthAnoM meM bhAva kisa apekSA se nirUpita haiM isakA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue likhA hai ki mithyAtvAdi guNasthAnoM meM bhAva darzana moha kI apekSA se kahe gaye haiM, kyoMki avirata guNasthAna taka cAritra nahIM hotaa| 1. so jayau vAmupujjo sivAmu pujjaasupujj-py-pumo| pavimala vamupUjyasudo mudakini piye piyaM vAdi // 1 mamudiya vi meghacandappamAda sudakittiyaro jo so kitti bhaNijjada paripUjjiya caMdakitti tti // 2 jegagAsesa vasaMtiyA magmaI ThANaMta rAgo hrnniiN| jaM gADhaM parirubhiUraNa muhayA sojata muddAsaI jamsA puvva guNappabhUdarayaNAlaMkAra sohaggiri ....."kittideva jadiraNA teraNAsi graMtho karo // 3-paMjikA prazasti 2. athavA sarchana garbhopapAdAnAzritya janma bhavatIti gommaTa paMjikAkArAdInAmabhiprAyaH / go0 jI0 manda prabodhikA TIkA gA063

Page #403
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya ise spaSTa karate hue uktaM ca rUpa se tattvArtha sUtra ke nimna sUtra kA ullekha kiyA hai vattaM ca taccaThThayAreNaM "mohakSayAta jJAnadarzanAvaraNamohAntarAyakSayAcca kevlmidi|" mithyAtva ke bhedoM kA kathana karate hue unake nAma aura lakSaNa nimna prakAra diye haiM-ekAnta mithyAtva, viparIta mithyAtva, vainayika mithyAtva, saMzayita mithyAtva, aura ajJAna mithyAtva / ' eyaMta mithyatvAdi-asthi ceva, Natthi ceva, praNiccameva, eyameva, araNyameva taccamiccAdi savvahAvaraNarUpo ahippAyo eyaMta micchatta NAma / prahiMsAdilakkhaNa saddhammaphalassa saggApavaggassa hiMsAdi pAvaphalatteNa paricchedaNAhippAyo vivarIya micchattaNAma / sammadasaNAdi hiravekkheNa guru-pAya-pUjAdi lakSaNeNa viNaeNeva mokkhotti ahippAno veNaiyamicchatta nnaam| paccakkhAdiNA pamANeNa paDigejjamANassa pratthassa desaMtare kAlaMtare ca eya sarUvAvahAraNANuvattIdo, tassa ruva parUvayANa matAhimANadaMdajjhamANANaM pi parappara viruddha desamANAmavaMcayatta NicchayA bhAvAdo idameva taccamidaM hoditti pariccheu Na sakkamidi uhaya sAvalaMbI ahippAyo saMsaidamicchataM nnaam| vicArijjamAraNamaTANamavaThiTadattA bhAvAdo katha mida meverisa jevetti Nicchiyaditti ahippAyo aNNANa micchataM nnaam| patra33 para sAmAyika aura chedopasthApanA saMyama kA varNana karate hae paMjikAkAra ne donoM kI ekatA kA nirUpaNa karane ke liye bhUtabali bhaTTAraka kA ullekha kiyA hai-"prado jeya doNhamegattassa vi parUvaNaTheM bhUdabali bhaTTArayehiM doNhaM ega je garaNasuddhi gahaNaM kadaM / ' patra 34 kI gAthA naM0 481 meM darzana kA lakSaNa karate hue paMjikAkAra ne prAcArya vIrasena dvArA cacita darzana viSaya kA ullekha nimna zabdoM meM kiyA hai-eso vIraseNa bhayavaMtANassayalAgamagahiya sArANaM ca vakkhANa kamo pruuvdo| puvvAiriya vakkhAraNa kama puNa esA gAhA pruuvedi|" saMyamI jIvoM kA pramANa chaThe guNasthAna se lekara codahaveM gaNasthAna taka ke jIvoM kA tIna kama nau karoDa batalAyA hai| unheM maiM hAtha jor3a kara namaskAra karatA huuN| ye saba gAthAeM nambara krama ke bheda ke sAtha jIvakANDa meM pAI jAtI haiN| paMjikA kA pUrA adhyayana karane para aneka vizeSa bAtoM kA bodha hogaa| jIva kANDa kI paMjikA kA antima maMgala isa prakAra hai:je pavvayaNasthati vimuhA, sAhicca magaccudA, diLaM jehi Naya-pamANa-gahaNaM joNhaMNa sammaM madaM / te NidaMtu thuvaMtu kiM mamatado, aNNArisA jeidho, te rajjati jadIha sAha sahalo savvo payAso mama // karmakANDa kI paMjikA kA Adi maMgala nimna prakAra hai: Namaha jiNa calaga kamalaM suramaulimaNippahA jalullasiyaM / Naha kiraNa kesaraMtambhamaMta devI kynbhmrN,|| mahakamma bhedaM parUvemANo vijjAe avacchitti Nimittamidi kAdUNa maMgalaM jiNidaM NamokkAraM karevi paNamiya sirasA mi gaNa-rayaNa-vibhasaNaM mhaaviirN| sammatta-rayaNa-NilayaM payaDisamukkittaNaM vocchaM // 1 paNamiya-sammattarayaNariNalayaM appasarUva laddhilakkhaNa samIcINatta meva rayaNaM tassa Nilaya mAsayaM, kudo guNarayaNabhUsaNattAdo / paDisamukkittaNaM / payaDIraNaM gANAvaraNadINaM sammaviseseNa kittaNaM kahaNaM jattha taM bocchamidi saMbadhyate / jIvamede giravasese paruviya sammatte, kimaTa midaM pruuvijjde| Na, guNAdivosa parUvaNesu parUvijjamAraNesu / moha jogabhavA sakammabhavAiccAisu kammANa mahihANamettameva parUvidaM / Na samatta saruvaM / prado tada paruvi

Page #404
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 NAe jIva bhedo ceyaNa sammamavagammabitti paDi samukkittaNamAraMbhade / kiM tadityAha-vAkya ke sAtha usakI pahalI gAthA kI pajikA dI gaI hai| antima bhAga so jayau vAsupujjo sivAsu pujjAsu pujj-py-pumo| pavimala vasupujja sudo sudakitti piye piyaMvAdi // 1 // samudiya vi meghacaMdappasAda sudkittiyro| jo so kitti bhaNijjai paripujjiya caMdakitti ti // 2 // jeNAsesavasaMtiyA sarasaI ThANaMta rAgo haNI, jaM gADhaM parirubhiUNa muhayA sojata muddAsaI / jassApuvvaguNappabhUdarayaNAlaMkAra sohaggiri ........ kittidevajaviNA teNAsi gaMyo kamo // 3 // uppaNNa paNNANa misINamaMsi, payojaNaM Natthi tahA vihaM ce kajjaM bhave ce vimiNA bahUraNaM, bAlANamiccatya kayaM mameyaM // 4 // aNNANeNa pamAdadovagarimA gaMthassa hoditti vA, pAlasseNa va ettha ja Na saMbandhaNijja pi me| taM puThavAvara sAhusohaNa suhI sohaMtu samma suhI, jaMhA savvaparovayArakaraNe saMtogihI dayvadA // 5 // eso baMdhadi baMdhaNijjamidime vedassa baMdho imo, edaM baMdha Nimitta massa samaye bhedA imesi ime| iccedaM kahidakkameNa imiNA NaccA jadI saMgaha, paMcaNhaM paribhAvo bhavabhayaM NiccAsimaM baccaye / / prai vimalA guNa guruI bahuppiyA jhaMti kiya camakArA, paMjIraMjiya bhuvaNA ciTThau sudakiti kittivya / / jAdaM jattha su laddha mUlamahime sAhAhi sassohiyaM / sacchAyaM saguNa DDhi vudDi visayaM bhUdevayANaM syaa| dhammArAmuva rAhavassa kadiNo tatthesagaMtho ko| gAme punvali --NAmasahiye kAlAmae // 8 // solaha sahiya sahasse gaya sagakAle pvddhddmaannss| bhAva samassasamattA kattiya gaMdIsare esA | imisse gaMtha saMkhANa siloehi phaDIkayaM / paNNAsehi samaM bucchaM dasayaM dasahiguNaM // 10 // graMtha saMkhyA 5000 / zrIpaMcagurubhyo namaH zubhamastu bhavyalokAya / gommaTa paMjikA nAma gommaTasAra TippaNaM samAptaM / meghacandra vidyadeva meghacandra nAma ke aneka vidvAna ho gaye haiN| unameM sakalacandra ke ziSya meghavandra kA yahAM paricaya diyA jA rahA hai| yaha meghacandra mUlasaMgha dezIyagaNa aura pUstaka gaccha ke the| nyAya, vyAkaraNa siddhAnta Adi sabhI viSayoM ke adhikArI vidvAna the / isI kAraNa zravaNavelagola ke 47veM zilAlekha meM ApakI bar3I prazaMsA kI gaI hai aura batalAyA hai ki prAcArya meghacandra siddhAnta meM vIrasena, tarka meM akalaMkadeva aura vyAkaraNa meM pUjyapAda ke samAna vidvAna the| vidya inakI upAdhi thI aura yaha vidyacakrezvara kahalAte the| zrI mUlasaMghakRta pustaka gaccha dezIyobadgaNAdhipa sutAphika ckrvrtii| saiddhAntikezvara zikhAmaNi meghacandrastra vidyadeva iti savibudhAH stuvanti / 1. guNacandra ke sadharmA meSacandra / nayakIti ke ziSya meghacandra, nayakIti kA svargavAsa zaka saM0 1066 (san 1977) meM hunA thaa| bAlacandra ke ziSya meghacandra, mAghanandI vratI ke ziSya meghacandra / aura sakalacandra ke ziSya meghacandra, jo vidyacakrezvara nAma se prasiddha the|

Page #405
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya siddhAnte jina vIrasena sadRzaH zAstrAbjabhA-bhAskaraH SaTtarkeSvakalaMkadeva vibudhaH sakSAdayaM bhUtale / sarva vyAkaraNe vipazcidadhipaH zrIpUjyapAdaH svayaM / vidyottama meghacandra munipo vAdIbhapaMcAnanaH / / inake ziSya vIranandI prAcArya ne prAcArasAra ko prazasti meM unheM 'siddhAntArNavapUrNatArakapati' yogIndra cUr3AmaNi, aura vidyavibhUSaNa Adi vizeSaNoM ke sAtha ullekhita kiyA hai / yathA siddhAntArNava pUrNatArakapatistakAmbujAhapatiH zabdodyAnavanAmRtorusaraNiryogIndracUr3AmaNiH / vidyAparasArtha nAma vibhavaH prod dhUtacetobhavaH, stheyAdanyamRtAvanImRdazaniH zrIbheghacandro muniH // 30 yadvAkcho ravataMsa maNDanamaNivardagdhadigdhatviSAm yaccAritra vicitratA zamabhRtAM sUtraM pavitrAtmanAm / yatkotidhavalaprasAdhanadharaM dhatte dharA yoSitaH, sa vidyavibhUSaNaM vijayate zrImeghacandro muniH // 31 inake aneka ziSya the / vIranandI, anantakIrti, prabhAcandra aura zubhakIrti / lekha naM0 50 meM meghacandratravidya deza ke ziSya prabhAcandra ko pAgama kA jJAtA aura vIranandI ko bhAro saiddhAntika batalAyA hai / ina prabhAcandra kA svargavAsa zaka saM0 1068 (san 1146I0) pIra vi0 sa0 1203 meM huA thaa| inameM vIranandI 'AcArasAra ke kartA haiM. paura jinhoMne usakI svopajJa kanar3I TIkA zaka sa0 1076 (san 1153 I0) meM banAkara samApta kI thii| meghacanda viTAdeva kA svargavAsa zaka saM0 1037 vi0 sa0 1172) meM magazira sadI catardazI pani vAra ke dina dhanulagna meM huA thaa| jaisA ki zravaNavelagola ke zilAlekha na0 47 ke nimna vAkyoM se prakaTa hai "saka varSa 1037 neyamanmatha saMvatsarada mArgasira suddha 14 vRhavAra dhanurlagnada pUrvAhvadArudhali meyappaggalu zrImUlasada desiyagaNada pustakagacchada zrImeghacandratra vidyadevartammavasAnakAlamavaridu palyaGkAsana dolidadu mAtmabhAvaneyaM bhAvisutta devalokke sandarAbhAva neyanta ppudendoDe / " ataH ina medhacandra kA samaya vi0 kI 12 vIM zatAbdI sunizcita hai| zAntiSeNa yaha kASThAsaMdhAntargata mAthurasaMgha ke vidvAna amitagati (dvitIya) ke ziSya the| jinhoMne apane caraNa kamaloMpara mahIza ko namA diyA thaa'| cUki amitagati dvitIya kA samaya saMvat 1050 se 1073 hai| prataH unake ziSya zAntiSaNa kA samaya 11vI zatAbdI kA antima bhAga honA caahiye| pramarasena zAntiSeNa ke ziSya aura mAthuramagha ke adhipa amarasena hue, jo pApoM kA nAza karane vAle the-mAharasaMghAhiu pramaraseNu taho huu viNeu puNa hy-durennu"| (SaT karmopadeza prazasti) / inakA samaya 12vIM zatAbdI kA madhya bhAga saMbhava hai| zrISeNasUri yaha pramarasena sUri ke ziSya the| mAthurasaMgha ke paMDitoM meM pradhAna aura vAdirUpI vana ke liye kRzAna (agni 1. gaNi maMtimaNa taho jAu sIsu, riNaya-caraNa-kamala-NAmiya mahIsu-paTkarmopadeza prazasti /

Page #406
372 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 the| inakA samaya 12vIM zatAbdI kA tRtIya caraNa honA cAhiye / "siriseNu paMDita pahANu, taho tiisuvaaiy-kaannnn-kisaannu|" nemicandra yaha kavi apane samaya meM bahuta prasiddha thaa| vIra vallAla deva aura lakSmaNa deva ina do rAjAmoM kI sabhA meM isakI bar3I pratiSThA thii| kalAkAnta, kavirAja malla, kavi dhavala, zaGgArakArAgRha, kavirAja kaMjara, sAhitya vidyA dhara, vidyAvadhavallabha, sukavikaNThAbharaNa, vizvavidyA vinoda, caturbhApA kavi cakravartI, sUkara kavi zekhara, Adi isake viruda the| isakI do kRtiyA~ upalabdha haiM-lIlAvatI aura neminAtha puraann| inameM lIlAvatI kanar3I bhASA kA campU grantha hai| isameM 14 pAzvAsa haiN| kavi ne ise kevala eka varSa meM banAkara samApta kiyA thaa| yaha grantha mukhyataH zRgArAtmaka hai| karnATaka kavi carita meM isakI kathA kA sAra nimna prakAra diyA hai : kadambavaMzIya rAjAoM kI rAjadhAnI jayantIpura athavA janavAsa nAma ke nagara meM thii| vahA~ caDAmaNi nAma kA rAjA rAjya karatA thaa| usakI pradhAna rAnI kA nAma padmAvatI aura putra kA nAma kandarpa deva thA / guNagandha nAmaka maMtrI kA putra makaranda rAjakumAra kA bahuta hI pyArA mitra thaa| kandarpa eka dina svapna meM eka rUpavatI strI kA darzana karake usa para atyanta Asakta ho gyaa| dUsare dina usa strI ko khoja meM vaha apane mitra ke sAtha usa dizA kI ora cala diyA, jisa dizA kI ora usane use svapna meM jAte dekhA thaa| calate-calate vaha kusumapura nAma ke nagara meM phuNcaa| vahA~ ke rAjA zRgArazekhara kI lIlAvatI nAma kI eka rUpavatI rAjakumArI thii| isa rAjakumArI ne bhI svapna meM eka rAjakumAra ko dekhA thA aura usa para apanA tana mana vAra diyA thaa| svapnadaSTa rAjakamAra kI khoja meM usane kaI dUta idhara-udhara bheje the| una dUtoM ke dvArA lIlAvatI aura kandarpa kA paricaya ho gayA.aura anta meM una donoM kA vivAha ho gyaa| lIlAvatI ko prApta karake kandarpa apano rAjadhAnI ko lauTa prAyA aura sukhapUrvaka rAjya-kArya sampAdana karane lgaa|" isakA kathA bhAga subandhu kavi kI vAsavadattA kA anukaraNa mAlUma hotA hai| ___ lIlAvatI kI racanA sarasa aura sundara hai / isakI racanA gaMbhIra, zRgArarasapUrita aura hRdayahAriNI hai| isase kavi kI pratibhA, zabda sAmagrI kA cayana aura vAkyapaddhati ananyasAdhAraNa pratIta hotI hai| kavi kI dUsarI kRti 'neminAtha purANa' hai / isameM bAIsaveM tIrthakara neminAtha kA jIvana-paricaya aMkita kiyA gayA hai| yaha grantha kavi ne vIravallAla nareza (1171-1216) ke padyanAbha nAmaka maMtrI kI preraNA se banAyA thaa| yaha graMtha pradharA jAna par3atA hai| kyoMki isake prAraMbha meM yaha pratijJA kI gaI hai ki neminAtha kI kathA meM gauNatA se vAsudeva kRSNa praura kandarpa kI kathA kA bhI samAveza kiyA jAyagA, parantu AThave AzvAsa meM kaMsavadha taka kA kathA bhAga pAyA jAtA hai| jAna par3atA hai, grantha pUrNa hone se pahale hI kavi divaMgata ho gayA ho| isa kAraNa grantha kA nAma 'prardhanemi' kahA jAne lagA hai| isa grantha ke prAraMbha meM tIthakara, siddha, yakSa yakSiNI aura gaNadhara kI stuti ke bAda gaddhapiccha prAcArya se lekara pUjyapAda paryanta pUrvAcAryoM kA smaraNa kiyA gayA hai| grantha ke pratyeka pAzvAsa ke anta meM nimnalikhita gadya milatA hai-"iti madpada bandha bandhura sarasvatIsaubhAgya vyaMgya bhaMgI nidhAna dIpati-caturbhASAkavi cakrarvAta nemicandra kRte zrImatpratApa cakrarvAta zrI vIra ballAla prasAdAsAdita-mahApradhAna padavIvirAji nAbhadevakArite neminAtha puraanne|" ___ lIlAvatI grantha ke anta meM isane eka padya meM likhA hai ki rAjA lakSmaNadeva samudra balayAMkita pRthvI kA svAmI hai| ukta lakSmaNadeva kA karNapAya (1140) ne apane neminAthapurANa meM ullekha kiyA hai| karNapArya ke samaya meM lakSmaNadeva siMhAsanArUr3ha nahIM huA thA, usakA pitA yA bar3A bhAI vijayAditya rAjya karatA thaa| parantu kavi nemicandra ke samaya vaha rAjya kA svAmI thaa| isase kavi nemicandra kA samaya karNapArya ke bAda kA nizcita hotA hai| nemicandra ne nemi purANa kI racanA jisa vIravallAla ke maMtrI padmanAbha kI preraNA se kI hai, usakA samaya 1172 se 1216 paryanta hai / isase bhI ukta samaya yathArtha pratIta hotA hai / kavinemicandra IsA kI 12vIM zatAbdI ke caturtha caraNa

Page #407
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya paura vikrama kI 13vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna haiN| kannaDa bhASA ke janna, pAva, kamalabhava, prAdi kaviyoM ne kavi nemicandra kI prazaMsA kI hai| zrIdhara yaha jyotiSa zAstra ke viziSTa vidvAna the / yaha karnATaka prAnta ke jaina brAhmaNa the, aura belabula nADAMtargata narigaMda ke nivAsI the| inakI mAtA kA nAma avvokA aura pitA kA nAma baladeva zarmA thaa| inhoMne apane pitA se hI saMskRta aura kannaDa granthoM kA adhyayana kiyA thaa| prArambha meM yaha zaiva dharmAnuyAyI the, kintu bAda meM jaina dharmAnuyAyI ho gae the / yaha gaNitazAstra ke acche vidvAna the / inakA samaya IsA kI dazavIM zatAbdI kA antima bhAga aura saMbhavataH 11vIM kA prAraMbha rahA hai| inakI gaNitasAra aura jyotirjJAna nidhi do racanAeM saMskRta bhASA meM haiM aura jAtaka tilaka kannaDa bhASA kI racanA hai| gaNitasAra meM abhinna guNaka, bhAgahAra, varga, vargamUla, ghana, ghanamUla bhinna, samaccheda, bhAgajAti, prabhAgajAti, bhAgAnuvandha, bhAgamAtra jAti, trairAzika, saptarAzika, navarAzika, bhANDapratibhANDa, mizraka vyavahAra eka patrIkaraNa, suvarNa gaNita, prakSepaka gaNita, kraya-vikraya, zreNI vyavahAra aura kASThaka vyavahAra Adi gaNitoM kA kathana kiyA hai| jyotininidhi-yaha jyotiSa kA prArambhika grantha hai| isake prArambha meM saMvatsaroM ke nAma, nakSatroM ke nAma, yoga karaNa aura unake zubhA zubha phala diye haiM / isameM vyavahAropayogI jyotiSa kA varNana hai| jAtaka tilaka-kannaDa bhASA kA grantha hai| yaha jAtaka sambandhI racanA hai / yaha kanda vRttoM meM racA gayA hai isameM 24 adhikAra haiM / isameM lagna, graha, grahayoga aura janmakuNDalI sambandhI phalAdeza kA kathana kiyA gayA hai / isa grantha ko zrIdharAcArya ne pazcimI cAlukya nareza somezvara prathama ke rAjyakAla meM banAyA yaa| kavi ne likhA hai ki maiMne vidvAnoM kI preraNA se jAtaka tilaka kI racanA kI / yaha grantha maisUra vizvavidyAlaya kI ora se prakAzita ho cukA hai| vAsavacandra munIndra inheM mUlasaMgha dezIyagaNa ke vidvAna prAcArya gopanandI ke sadharmA batalAyA hai / yaha karkaza tarkazAstra meM nipuNa the| inhoMne cAlakya rAjadhAnI meM apane vAda parAkrama se 'vAla sarasvati' kI upAdhi prApta kI thii| jaisA ki zilAlekha ke nimna padya se prakaTa hai vAsavacandra-munIndrorundra-syAdvAda-tarkaza-karkaza-dhiSaNaH / cAlukya kaTakamadhye bAla-sarasvatiriti prsiddhipraaptH|| . -jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 1 pR0 116 yaha lekha zaka saM0 1022 (san 1100 I0) meM utkIrNa kiyA gayA hai| prataH vAsavacandra kA samaya IsA ko 11vIM zatAbdI jAna par3atA hai| devendramuni inakI guru-ziSya paramparA jJAta nahIM hai / inakI eka racanA bAlagraha cikitsA hai / isameM bAlakoM ko grahapIr3A kI cikitsA kA varNana hai / grantha prAyaH vAkya rUpa meM hai / kavi kA samaya lagabhaga 1200 IsavI hai| nayakotimuni muni nayakIti mUlasaMgha dezIyagaNa ke prAcArya guNacandra siddhAnta cakravartI ke ziSya the / jo jainAgama ke

Page #408
374 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 vidvAna aura saiddhAntikAgrezvara, cAritra cUDAmaNI, zalyatrayarahita, aura daNDatraya ke dhvaMsaka the ' / nAgadeva maMtrI inake ziSya the / guNacandra muni ke putra mANikyanandI inake sadharmA the| inakI ziSya maMDalI meM meghacandra vratIndra, maladhAri svAmI, zrIdharadeva, dAmanandi traividya, bhAnukIrtimuni, bAlacandra muni, mAghanandimuni, prabhAcandra muni, padmanandI muni aura nemicandra muni ke nAma milate haiM / nayakIrti kA svargavAsa zaka saM0 1066 (san 1977) meM vaizAkha zuklA caturdazI zanivAra ko huA thA / jaisA ki zilAlekha ke nimna padya se prakaTa hai zAke randhranavadyacandramasi dummukhyAkhya saMvatsare vaizAkhe dhavale caturdazi dine vAre ca sUryyAtmaje / pUrvAhna prahare gate'rddhasahite svarga jagAmAtmavAn // vikhyAto nayakIrti deva munipo rAddhAntacakrAdhipaH // 23 nAgadeva maMtrI ne apane guru nayakIrti kI niSadyA kA nirmANa karAyA thA / mANikyasena paMDitadeva yaha mUlasaMgha senagaNa pogari gaccha ke vIrasena paMDitadeva kA sadharmA thA / yaha san 1942-43 IsavI dundubhi varSa puSya zuddha somavAra ko uttarAyaNa saMkrAnti ke samaya pazcimI cAlukya rAjA jagadeka malla dvitIya ke rAjyakAla meM, usake vanavase 12000 ke pradeza para zAsana karane vAle yogezvara senAdhyakSa kI prazaMsA karatA hai aura pegaMDe mayduna mallideva senAdhyakSa kI anumati se, jo jijvalige 70 ke rAjya para zAsana kara rahA thA, isane prAvalI ke bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ko eka bhUmidAna diyA / aura eka dAna saMbhavataH eka jainamandira ko mudda gAvuNDa aura dUsare logoM dvArA diyA gayA thaa| jo jainadharma ke pakke anuyAyI zraura bhakta the / yaha dAna ukta vIrasena paNDitadeva ke sahadharmI mANikyasena paNDitadeva ke pAda prakSAlanapUrvaka diyA gayA thA / isase paNDita mANikyasena kA samaya IsA kI 12vIM zatAbdI kA madhya kAla hai / - ( jaina lekha saMgraha bhA0 3 pR0 56 - mahAsena paNDitadeva inakI guru paramparA aura gaNa gacchAdi kA ullekha mere dekhane meM nahIM prAyA / DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhye ke anusAra ye nayasena paNDitadeva ke ziSya the| inakA ullekha padmaprabha maladhArideva ne niyamasAra kI tAtparyavRtti meM kiyA hai aura unheM 66 vAdiyoM ke vijetA hone se vizAlakIrti ko utpanna karane vAlA sUcita kiyA hai / 2 tathA 161 gAthA kI vRtti meM ' tathA coktam zrI mahAsena paNDitadevaiH ' - vAkya ke sAtha nimna padya uddhRta kiyA hai :jJAnAdbhinno na nAbhinno bhinnAbhinnaH kathaMcanaH / jJAnaM pUrvAparIbhUtaM so'yamAtmeti kIrtitaH // 1. sAhitya pramadA-mukhAbjamukurazcAritra-cUr3AmaNi / zrI jainAgama vAddhi-varddhana-sudhAzocissamudbhAsate / zalyatraya - gArava-traya lasaddaNDa traya dhvaMsaka -- ssa zrImAnannayakIrti deva muniyassaiddhAntikAgresaraH ||20 - jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 1 pR0 37 --- 2. uktaM ca SaNNavati pASaMDi vijayopArjita vizAlakIrtibhiH mahAsena paNDitadeva : yathAvadvastu nirNItiH samyagjJAnaM pradIpavat / tatvArtha vyavasAyAtmA kathaMcit pramiteH pRthak / / - niyamasAra tAtparya vRtti pR0 136

Page #409
gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya 375 yaha svarUpa sambodhana kA padya hai| inakI do kRtiyAM kahI jAtI haiM--eka svarUpa sambodhana aura dUsarA 'pramANa nirNaya' / svarUpa sambodhana ke kartA ukta mahAsena haiM / inameM svarUpa sambodhana 25 zlokAtmaka eka choTI sI mahattvapUrNa kRti hai / usa para kezavAcArya aura zubhacandra ne vattiyA~ likhI haiN| pramANa nirNaya grantha mere avalokana meM nahI paayaa| saMbhavata: vaha aprakAzita dazA meM kisI grantha bhaMDAra meM hogaa| niyamasAra vatti ke kartA padmaprabha maladhAri deva kA svargavAsa zaka saM0 1107 san 1185 IsavI meM huprA thA, yaha sunizcita hai / ataH mahAsena paNDitadeva kA samaya san 1185 I0 se pUrvavartI hai / arthAt ve IsA kI 12vIM zatAbdI ke madhya kAla ke vidvAna jAna par3ate haiN| prabhAcandra prastuta prabhAcandra sUrasthagaNa ke vidvAna the| ye anantavIrya ke praziSya aura bAlacandra muni ke ziSya the| anantavIrya kI stuti kambadahalli ke zilAlekha meM kI gaI hai / yaha zilAlekha zaka maM0 1040 (man 1118) vi0 saM0 1175 kA hai / ataeva ina prabhAcandra kA samaya vikrama kI 12vI zatAbdI hai| (jaina lekha maM0 bhA0 2 pR0366) pramAcandra ye mUlasaMgha, pustakagaccha deziyagaNa ke prasiddha tArkika vidvAna meghacandra vidyadeva ke pradhAna zipya the / ina meghacandra vidya kA svargavAsa zaka varSa neya manmatha savatsarada 1037 san 1115 magazira sudi 14 vRhaspativAra ko huA thaa| yaha meghacandra sakala candramuni ke ziSya the| ina meghacandra ke dUsare ziSya vIranandI the| prastuta prabhAcandra viSNu vaddhana rAjA kI paTarAnI dharmaparAyaNA, pativratA, satIsAdhvI, jo bhakti meM rukmaNi satyabhAmA tathA sItA jaisI deviyoM ke samAna thI, ke guru the| zaka saM0 1068 (san 1146) vi0 saM0 1203 meM Asoja sudi 10mI vRhaspativAra ko jinake svargArohaNa kA ullekha zravaNabelagola ke zilAlekha naM050 meM pAyA jAtA hai / ina prabhAcandra siddhAntadeva ne apane guru kI niSadyA mahApradhAna daNDanAyaka gaMgarAja dvArA nirmANa karAI thii| meghacandra ke ziSya ina prabhAcandra ne zaka saM0 1041 (san 1116 I0) meM eka mahApUjA pratiSThA karAI thii| isase ina prabhAcandra kA samaya vikrama kI 12vIM zatAbdI hai| prabhAcandra vidya yaha mar3apagaNa ke sUrya, samasta zAstroM ke pAragAmI, paravAdigaja mRgarAja aura maMtravAdi makaradhvaja prAdi vizeSaNoM se yukta the aura vIrapura tIrtha ke adhipati muni rAmacandra vidya ke ziSya the / naya-pramANa meM nipuNa evaM 1. enAlma oNpha di bhANDArakara oriyanTala insTicUTa bhA0 13 pR088 meM DaoN. e. ena. upAdhye kA lekha / 2. zrI mUlasaGga kRta-pustaka gaccha dezIyodyadgaNAdhipa sutAkika cakravartI / / saiddhAntikezvarazikhAmaNimeghacandra-stravidyadeva iti sadvibudhAH stuvanti / jaina lekha saM0 bhA. 1 pR0 75 3. jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 1 lekha naM0 50 (140) pR071 4. jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 11064 5. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa pR. 32

Page #410
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 tIkSNa buddhi the yaha bhaTTAraka prabhAcandra maMtravAdI the| inheM cAlukya vikrama rAjya saMvat 48 (1124 I0) meM ra grAma seDimba ke nivAsI, nArAyaNa ke bhakta, causaTha kalAoM ke jAnakAra, jvAlAmAlinI devI ke bhakta, tathA apane abhicAra homa ke bala se kAMcIpura ke phATakoM ko tor3ane vAle tInasau mahAjanoM ne seDima meM mandira banavAkara bhagavAna zAntinAtha kI mUrti kI pratiSThA karAI thI aura mandira para svarNa kalazArohaNa kiyA thaa| mandira kI marammata aura naimittika pUjA ke liye 24 mattara pramANa bhUmi, eka bagIcA aura eka kolhU kA dAna diyA thaa| isase ina prabhAcandra kA samaya vikrama kI 12vIM zatAbdI kA mantima caraNa hai| 1. jinapati matatatvarucirnayapramANapravINanizitamatiH / parahitacaritra pAtro babhau prabhAcandra yatinAthaH / khyAtastravidyAparanAmA zrIrAmacandramuni tilakaH / priyaziSyaHvidyaprabhendu bhaTTArako loke // -jainijma ina sAutha iMDiyA pR0 411

Page #411
adhyAya 5 terahavIM aura caudahavIM zatAbdI ke prAcArya, vidvAn aura kavi kanakacandra munIndra kamalabhava vijayakIti abhayacandra siddhAnta cakravartI devasenagaNI bhAnukoti siddhAntadeva muni devacandra (pAsanAha ca0) municandra (vi0 saM0 1286) jayasena ajitasenAcArya (pralaMkAra cintA0) candrakIti zrIdharasena (vizvalocanakoza) amarakIti vijayavarNI (zRgArArNava candrikA) aggaladeva kavi vAgbhaTa (kAvyAnuzAsana) zrIdhara ravicandra (ArAdhanA samuccaya) muni vinayacandra raTTakavi arhaddAsa udayacandra bAlacandra paNDitadeva paM. mahAvIra indranandI kavi lakSmaNa yA lAkhU vimalakIti dAmodara meghacandra zrIdhara (bhavisayattakahA kartA) kumudendra mAdhavacandra vidya (kSapaNAsAragadya) guNabhadra muni vinayacandra (sAgaracandra ke ziSya) prabhAcandra rAmacandra mumukSu (puNyAstrama ke kartA) praNDayya vimalakIti zizumAyaNa muni somadeva (zabdArNavacandrikA) pArzvapaNDita kavi haradeva kavi janna yaza:koti (caMdappaha cariu kartA) zrIkIti madanakoti (prahaddAsa) mahAbala kavi bhAvasena vidya laghu samantabhadra paNDitapravara prAzAdhara kulacandra upAdhyAya narendrakIti (mahanandi ziSya) sakalacandra bhaTTAraka vAsavasena (yazodhara ca0) sakalakoti vAdIndra vizAlakoti nalvi guMda mAdirAja muni pUrNabhadra (sukumAlacariu) zubhacandra yogI guNavarma (dvitIya) malliSaNa paNDita

Page #412
378 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 bAlacandra maladhArI vAdirAja dvitIya trivikramadeva bhaTTAraka prabhAcandra bhaTTAraka indranandi (yogazAstra TIkA) devasena bhAvasaMgraha bAla candra kavi vidyAnanda zrutamuni ratna yogIndra kalabhadra kavi nAgarAja prabhAcandra madhura kavi paM0 harapAla (vaidyakagrantha kartA) kezava varNI kavi zrIdhara varddhamAna bhaTTAraka maMgarAja dvitIya abhayacandra guNabhUSaNa ayyapArya mAghanandi yogIndra vAdikumudacandra kavi maMgarAja paM0 vAmadeva amarakoti hastimalla paM0 narasena suprabhAcArya bhAskara nandI sukhabodhA tattvArtha vattikartA

Page #413
terahavIM zora caudahavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, vidvAna aura kavi 376 kanakacaMdra zrI mUlasaMgha krANUragaNa meSa pASANa gacchada kanakacandra siddhAntadevara-(siddhAntadeva ko) araTAla ke mandira kI pUjA ke vAste dAna diyA gayA hai / isa mandira meM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kI bar3I kAyotsarga mUrti virAjamAna hai / usake nIce kanar3I akSaroM meM eka zilAlekha hai| isa mandira ko veTTakera nivAsI bacimeTTi ne banavAyA thaa| [satyAzraya kulatilaka cAlukyarAjama bhuvanakamalla vijaya rAjye zAkA 1045 (vi0 saM0 1170) arthAt yaha vikrama kI 12 vIM zatAbdI ke tRtIta caraNa ke vidvAna haiN| ] dekho, di0 jaina DAyarekTarI pR0 241) vijayakoti prastuta vijayakIti zAMtiSaNa guru ke ziSya the| jo lADa bAgaDa gaNa kI AmnAya ke vidvAna devasena kI ziSya paramparA ke the| ye zAntipeNa durlabhasena sari ke ziSya the, jinhone rAjA bhojadeva kI sabhA meM paMDita ziromaNi aMvarasena Adi ke samakSa saikar3oM vAdiyoM ko harAyA thaa| nirmala buddhi aura zuddha ratnatraya ke dhAraka the / inhoMne dUbakuNDa (caDobha) gvAliyara ke mandira kI prazasti likhI thii| usameM likhA hai ki vikrama saMvat 1145 meM kacchapaMzI mahArAja vikramasiMha ke rAjya kAla meM muni vijayakIti ke upadeza se jaisavAlavaMzI pAhar3a, kukeka, sUrpaTa devadhara aura mahIcandrAdi catura zrAvakoM ne 750 phITa lambe aura cArasau varga phITa caur3e aMDAkAra kSetra meM isa vizAla mandira kA nirmANa karAyA thA aura usake sarakSaNa, pUjana aura jIrNoddhAra ke lie ukta kacchapavazI vikramasiMha ne bhUmidAna diyA thaa| isa prazasti meM kacchapavaMza ke rAjAmoM kI vaMza paramparA ke rAjAoM ke nAmoM kA-bhImasena, arjanabhapati, vidyAdhara, rAjyapAla, abhimanyu, zrIbhoja, vijayapAla aura vikramasiMha kA kAvya dRSTi se varNana kiyA hai / aitihAsika dRSTi se yaha prazasti mahatvapUrNa hai| vijayakIti vikrama kI 12vIM zatAbdI ke dvitIya tRtIya caraNa ke vidvAn haiN| devasenagaNI (sulocanA cariu ke kartA) prastuta devasena senagaNa ke vidvAn vimalamena gaNadhara ke ziSya the| inhoMne apanI guru paramparA kA ullekha karate hae likhA hai ki vIrasena jinasena kI paramparA meM hoTalamakta nAma ke mani hae, jo ra zIza tathA aneka ziSyarUpa parigraha ke dhAraka the| aura jo sakalAgama se yukta aparigrahI the| unakA ziSya gaNDavimukta hamA, jinake tapasvI jIvana kA nAma rAmabhadra thaa| inake ziSya saMyama ke dhAraka nibaMDideva the| inhIM nibaMDideva ke ziSya maladhArIdeva the, jo zIla guNa rUpa ratna ke dhAraka the| upazama, kSamA ora saMyama rUpa jala ke sAgara, moharUpI mahAmalla vRkSa ke ukhAr3ane ke lie gaja (hAthI) ke samAna the| aura bhavyajana rUpa kumuda vana ke lie zazidhara (candramA) the / paMcAcAra rUpa parigraha ke dhAraka, paMcasamiti aura guptitraya se samaddha, guNI jana se vaMdita aura loka meM prasiddha the| kAmadeva ke bANoM ke prasAra ke nivAraka aura durdhara paMca mahAvratoM ke dhAraka maladhArideva 1. prAsthAnAdhipatI budhAdaviguNe zrIbhojadeve nRpe, sabhyepvarasena paDitaziroratnAdiSUdyanmadAn / yonekAn zatazo vyajeSTapaTutA bhISTodyamo vAdinaH, zAstrAMbhonidhipArago bhavadataH zrozAMtipeNo guruH / / gurucaraNa sarojArAdhanAvAptapuNya, prabhavadamalabuddhiH zuddharatnatrayosmAt / prajanivijayakotiH sUktaratnAvakINAM jaladhibhavamivaMtAM ya: prazasti vyadhatta / (bakuNDanekha, jaina lekha saM0bhA0250340)

Page #414
380 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 the, jinakA nAma vimalasena thaa| inhI vimalasena ke ziSya ukta devasena the jo senagaNa ke vidvAn, dharmAdharma ke vizeSajJa, sayama ke dhAraka tathA bhavyarUpa kamaloM ke ajJAna tama ke vinAzaka ravi (sUrya) the / zAstroM ke grAhaka, kuzIla ke vinAzaka dharmakathA ke prabhAvaka, ratnatraya ke dhAraka aura jina guNoM meM anurakta the| prastuta devasena mammalapUrI meM nivAsa karate the| jaisA ki nimna prazasti vAkya se prakaTa hai :-Niva mammallapuri ho NivasaMte, cAruTANe guNa gaNavaMte / " isase devasena dakSiNa deza ke nivAsI jAna par3ate haiM / inhoMne rAjA kI mammalapurI' meM rahate hue sulocanA cariu kI racanA rAkSasa saMvatsara meM zrAvaNa zuklA caturdazI budhavAra ke dina kI thii| grantha ko racanA rAkSasa saMvatsara meM huI hai| rAkSasa saMvatsara sATha savatsaroM meM se 46 vAM savatsara haiM / jyotiSa kI gaNanAnusAra eka rAkSasa saMvatsara san 1075 (vi0 saM01132) meM 26 julAI ko zrAvaNa zuklA budhavAra ke dina par3atA hai aura dUsarA san 1315 (vi0 sa0 1372)meM 16 julAI ko ukta caturdazI budhavAra ke dina par3atA hai| ina donoM samayoM meM 240 varSa kA antara hai / prataH inameM pahalA san 1075 (vi0 saM0 1132) isa grantha kI racanA kA sUcaka jAna par3atA hai| muni devasena ne apane se pUrvavartI kaviyoM kA ullekha karate hue bAlmIki, vyAsa, bANa , mayUra, haliya govinda, caturmukha svayambha, puSpadanta aura bhUpAla kavi kA nAma diyA hai| inameM puSpadanta kA samaya vi0ma0 1035 ke lagabhaga hai| paura bhUpAla kavi kA samaya prAcArya guNabhadra ke bAda aura paM0 AzAdhara ke pUrvavartI hai / ataH sabhavataH 11vIM ke vidvAna jAna par3ate haiN| DA. jyoti prasAda ne jaina sandeza zodhAMka 15 meM devasena nAmaka vidvAnoM kA paricaya karAte hae likhA haiMkalyANi ke cAlukya vaMza meM jayasiha prathama (1011-1042) kA uttarAdhikArI somezvara prathama trailokya kA nAma pAhavamalla thA jisakA zAsana kAla lagabhaga 1042-1068 I0) thA, aura jisakA uttarAdhikArI somezvara dvitIya bhuvanaikamalla (1068-1075 I0) thA / somezvara prathama nAma kA rAjA sAmAnyatayA trailokyamalla nAma se prasiddha thA, bar3A pratApI thA, dakSiNa bhArata kA bahubhAga usake prAdhIna thaa| mammala nagara bhI usake rAjya meM thaa| ataeva gaMDa vimukta rAmabhadra kA samaya bhI lagabhaga san 1040-1070 I. meM honA cAhiye aura unakI tIsarI pIr3hI meM hone vAle devasena 50 varSa pIche (1120 I0) meM hone caahie| ukta DA0 sA0 ne likhA hai eka anya gaNanA ke anusAra rAkSasa saMvata 1062-63 I0, 1122-23 I0 aura 1182-83 I0 kI tithi meM par3atA thaa| ina tInoM tithiyoM meM se 1122-23 I0 kI tithi hI adhika saMgata pratIta hotI hai| DA0 jyoti prasAda ke dvArA batalAI tithi meM aura Upara kI jyotiSa ke anusAra batalAI tithi meM 45 varSa kA antara par3atA hai / vidvAnoM ko isa sambandha meM vicAra kara prastuta devasena kA samaya mAnanA caahie| ve 12vI zatAbdI ke vidvAna jAna paDate haiN| racanA muni devasena kI ekamAtra kRti 'suloyaNAcariu' hai| prastuta grantha kI 28 sandhiyoM meM bharata cakravartI, (jinake nAma se isa deza kA nAma 'bhAratavarSa' par3A hai) ke senApati jayakumAra kI dharma patnI sulocanA kA, jo kAzI ke rAjA akampana aura suprabhA devI kI suputrI thI, carita aMkita kiyA gayA hai| sulocanA anupama sundarI thii| isake svayambara meM aneka dezoM ke baDe-bar3e rAjAgaNa mAye the| sulocanA ko dekhakara ve mugdha ho ge| unakA hRdaya kSubdha ho uThA aura usakI prApti kI prabala icchA karane lge| svayaMvara meM sulocanA ne jayakumAra ko cunA, unake gale meM varamAlA DAla dii| isase cakravartI bharata kA putra arkakIrti kruddha ho uThA, aura usane usameM apanA apamAna 1. prastuta mammalapura tamila pradeza kA mammalapura jAna par3atA hai jisakA nirmANa mahAmalla pallava ne kiyA thA, jaisA ki DA0 dazaratha zarmA ke nimna vAkya se prakaTa hai| -Mammalpuram foundedby Mahamalla Pallava jaina graMtha pra0saM0 mA02 kAphuThanoTa 2. rakvasa-saMvaccharabuha-divasae, muSaka-ca usi sAvaraNa mAsae / carita sukhoyaNAhi gippaNNAu, sad-antha-vaNyANa-mapuSNaH / / jaina atha zAnti se bhA0 2 120

Page #415
terahavIM aura cauda vI zatAbdI ke AcArya, vidvAna aura kavi 381 samajhA / apane apamAna kA badalA lene ke liye arkakIti aura jayakumAra meM yuddha hotA hai aura anta meM jaya kumAra kI vijaya hotI hai / usa yuddha kA varNana kavi ke zabdAM ma nimna prakAra hai : "bhaDo kovi khaggeNa khaggaM khalaMto, raNe sammahe sammaho praannhNto| bhaDo kovi bANaNa bANo dalaMto, samuddhAi uddharo NaM kyNto| bhaDo kovi koteNa dataM sarato, kare gADha cakko prarI sa phuNto| jhaDo koca pada saMDakayaMgo, laDatta Na mukko sagA jo ahgaa| bhaDA kovi sagAma bhUmi dhulaMtA, vivaNNoha giddhavalI NAya aMtA / bhaDo ko dhAraNa Navada saso, prasavA varaI arIsANa bhiiso| bhaDo kovi rASpavAhe tarato, phuratappayeNaM taDi sigba ptto| pA ko va mulAuhe vana itta, rahe diNNayAu vivaNNoha ittaa| bhaDa ityA visANahi bhaNNo, bhaDoca vi kaMThATa chiNNA sinnnno| ghattA--hi prabAra Niya saMNNa pecchAva srjjjriyu| dhAi bhayatolata jau vaka macchara bhriyu|| 6-12 yuddhogamA munA banA / jA kucha vicAra kiyA thA, una granyakAra ne gUthana kA prayatna kiyA hai| sulocanA ko jinamandira kahA jaba yaha mAlUma huA ki mahatAdika putra, bala aura teja rAmpanna pAca so senika zatrapakSa ne mAra DAlA, jo liya niyukta kira gae tha / taba vaha yAtma nindA karatA huI vicAra karatI hai ki yaha sagrAma gare bAramAhI , jA bahuta sa sanikA kA vinAzaka hai / ata: mujha ne jabana se kAI prayojana nahI / yadi maddhanaghazyA ya ) kA jaya hogI prAra meM unha jIvita darA nagA tabhI zara ra ka nimitta prAhAra kruuNgii| hamarA spaSTa hai ki mAnaya mulAcanA ne apane pati kI jAvana-kAmanA ke liya grAhAra kA parityAga kara diyA thA / image usake pAtya kA uccAdazaM sAmane AtA hai| yathA "imaM 45 pauttaM jayeNa, tumaM eha kaNyA maNohAra vaNNA / sarakkheta pUrNa pareNaha UNaM, tau joi lakkhA praNayA asNkhaa| susatthA vAraNA maha dikkha diNNA, rahA cAru cidhA gayA jo mydhaa| mahaMtAya puttA-balA-teya juttA, sayA pacasakhA hayA veripakkhA / parIe NihANa paraM tuMga geha, phuratIha NIla maNIla karAla / piyA tattha rammo vare cita kamme, arabhIya citA suu hullavattA / Niya soyavaMtI iNaM citavaMtI, aha pAva-yammA aljjaa-adhmmaa| maha kajja evaM raNaM ajja jAya..... . . . . . . . . . . . . .............. bahaNaM NarANa viNAsa kareNa, mahaM jIvieNa ga kajja aNeNaM / jayA haMsatAu sa-mehesarAI, sahe maMgavAI imo somraaii| ghanA-esayala vi saMgAmi, jIviyamANa kumAra ho / pecchami hoI pavitti, to sarIra pAhAra ho| isa taraha grantha kA viSaya Ara kathAnaka mundara hai, bhASA sarala auraprasAda guNayukta hai| prastuta grantha eka prAmANika kRti hai; kyoMki prAcArya kundakunda ke prAkRtagAthAbaddha sulocanA carita kA paddhaDiyA Adi chandoM meM anuvAda mAtra kiyA hai / yaha kundakunda prasiddha sAratraya ke katA se bhinna jJAta hote hai / granthagana caritabhAga baDA hI 1. jaM gaah| vaM Ami utta, giri kunda kunda-gaNigaNA girutta / taM ebvAha paddhaDiyAha karemi, pari ki pi na gUDha u atthu depi / / -jaina grantha prazastimaMgraha bhA0 2 pR0 16 ukta padya meM nirdezita kundakunda mamayasArAdi granthoM ke racayitA kunda kunda pratIta nahI hote hai| koI dUsare hI kundakanda nAma ke vidvAn kI racanA sulocanA carita hogI / jisakI devamena ne paddhaDiyA chanda meM racanA kI hai|

Page #416
32 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 sundara hai| kyoMki jayakumAra aura sulocanA kA carita svayaM hI pAvana rahA hai / 15 vIM zatAbdI ke kavi raidhU ne apane meghezvara carita meM-"mehesarahu cariu sura seNe - vAkya dvArA usakA ullekha kiyA hai| muni devacandra ye malasaMgha dezIya gaccha ke vidvAna mUni vAsavacandra ke ziSya the jo ratnatrA ke bhapaNa, guNoM ke nidhAna tathA prajJAna rUpI aMdhakAra ke vinAzaka bhAnu (sUrya) the| prazasti meM unhoMne apanI guru paramparA nimna prakAra dI hai zrI kIti, devakIti, maunideva, mAdhavacandra, abhayanadI, vAsavacandra prora devacandra / isa guru paramparA ke atirikta granthakartA ne racanA samaya kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyA, hA racanA kA sthala gudijja nagara kA pArzvanAtha mandira batalAyA haiM jo kahIM dakSiNa meM avasthita hogaa| vAsavacandra nAma ke do vidvAno kA ullekha milatA hai| prathama vAsavacandra kA ullekha saM0 1011 vaizAkha sudi 7 somavAra ke dina utkIrNa kiye gae khajurAho ke jinanAtha maMndira ke lekha meM huA hai jo rAjA dhaMga ke rAjya kAla meM utkIrNa huA thaa| dUsare vAsavacandra kA ullekha zravaNavelgola ke 55 va zilAlekha meM pAyA jAtA hai jo zaka sa0 1012 (vi0 saM0 1147 ) kA khodA huA hai / usake 25 ve padya meM vAmavacandra muni kA nAmollekha hai, jinakI buddhi karkaza tarka karane meM calatI thI, aura jinheM cAlukya rAjA kI rAjadhAnI meM bAla sarasvati kI upAdhi prApta thii| yadi ye devacandra vAsavacandra ke guru hoM to inakA samaya vikrama kI 12vI zatAbdI ho sakatA hai| grantha prazasti meM vAsavacandra sUri ko abhayanandI kA dIkSita ziSya batalAyA hai aura likhA hai ki unhoMne cAroM kaSAyoM ko vinaSTa kiyA thA, jo bhavyajano ko AnandadAyaka the, aura jinhoMne jina mandiroM kA usAra kiyA thA, jaisA ki nimna vAkya se pragaTa hai-'uddhariyai je jinnmdiraai|' unhI ke zipya devacandra the| grantha ke bhApA sAhityAdi para se vaha 12vI 13vIM zatAbdI se pUrva kI racanA nahIM jAna pdd'tii| caritra bhI sAmAnyatayA vahA he / usameM koI khAsa vaiziSTya ke darzana hote| prastuta grantha meM 11 saMndhiyA~ aura 202 kaDavaka haiN| jinameM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha vA caritra-citraNa kiyA gayA hai| kavi ne dodhaka chanda meM pArzvanAtha kI nizcala dhyAnamudrA ko akita hai, usase pAThaka grantha kI zailI se paricita ho skeNge| tattha silAyale thakku jiNido, saMtu mahaMtu tiloya ho vaMdo, paMcamaharvaya-uddaya kadho, nimmamu catta caudhviha bNdho| jIva dayA varu saMga vimukko, NaM daha lakkhaNu dhammu gurukko / janma-jarAmaraNujhiya dappo vArasabheyatavassa mhppo| moha-tamaMdha-payAva-payaMgo, khaMtilayAsahaNe giritu go| saMjama-sIla-vihUsiya deho, kamma-kasAya huprAsaNa mho| puppha dharaNa vara tomara dhaMso mokkha-mahAsari kIlaNa hNso| indiya-sappahavisahara yaMto, appasarUva -samAhi-saraMto kevalanANa-payAsaNa-kaMkhU , dhANa purammi nivesiya cakkhU / Nijjiya sAsu palaMviyavAho, Niccala deha visijjy-vaaho| kaMcaNa selu jahAM thiracitto,dodhaka chaMda imo buha vutto // " isameM batalAyA gayA hai ki bhagavAna pArzvanAtha eka zilA para dhyAnastha baiThe hue haiN| ve santa mahanta 1. guMdijja nayari jiNapAsahammi, nivasaMtu saMtu saMjariNaya-mammi / -jainagrantha praza0 bhA02 pR0 24 2. See Epigraphica Indca Vol T Page136 3. vAsavacandramunIndrorundrasyAdvAdatarka karkaza-dhiSaNaH / cAlukyakaTakamadhye bAlasarasvatiriti prasiddhiHprAptaH / / janazilA le0 saM0bhA0 1 lekha 25 /

Page #417
terahavIM aura baudahavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, vidvAna aura kavi trilokavati jIvoM ke dvArA bandanIya haiM, paMca mahAvratoM ke dhAraka haiM, nirmama haiM,aura prakRti pradeza sthiti anubhAgarUpa cAra prakAra ke bandha se rahita hai dayAlu aura saMga (paripraha) se mukta haiM, dazalakSaNa dharma ke dhAraka haiN| janma, jarA pora maraNa ke darda se rahita haiM / tapa ke dvAdaza bhedoM ke anupThAtA haiN| moharupI aMdhakAra ko dUra karane ke liye sUrya samAna haiN| kSamArUpI latA ke prArohaNArtha ve giri ke samAna unnata haiN| jinakA zarIra saMyama aura zIla se vibhUSita hai| jo karmarUpa kaSAya hutAzana ke liye megha haiN| kAmadeva ke utkRSTa bANoM ko naSTa karane vAle tathA mokSarUpa mahA sarovara meM krIr3A karane vAle haMsa haiM / indriyarUpI vipadhara sarpo ko rokane ke liye maMtra haiN| prAtma-samAdhi meM calane vAle haiN| kevalajJAna ko prakAzita karane vAle sUrya haiM, nAsAgra dRSTi haiM / zvAsa ko jItane vAle haiM, jinake bAhu lambAyamAna haiM aura vyAdhiyoM se rahita jinakA nizcala zarIra hai| jo sumeru parvata ke samAna sthira citta haiN|" yaha saba kathana pArzvanAtha kI usa dhyAna-samAdhi kA paricAyaka hai jo karmAvaraNa kI nAzaka hai| grantha kI yaha prati saM0 1468 ke durmati nAma saMvatsara ke pUsa mahIne ke kRSNa pakSa meM alAuddIna ke rAjya kAla meM bhaTTAraka narendrakIti ke paTAdhikArI bhaTAraka pratApakImike samaya devagiri ke mahAdurga meM agravAla zrAvaka paNDita gAMgadeva ke putra pAsarAja dvAga likhAI gaI hai| jayasena (prAmRtatrayake TIkAkAra)yaha mUlasaMgha ke vidvAna AcArya vIrasena ke praziSya aura somasena ke ziSya the| jayasena mAlUsAhU ke pautra aura mahIpatisAdha ke putra the| unakA bAlyakAla kA nAma cArubhaTa thA, ve jina caraNoM ke bhakta aura prAcAryoM ke sevaka the| jaisA ki unakI prazasti ke nimna padyoM se prakaTa hai : sUriH / zrI vIrasenAkhyo mUlasaMghepi sattapAH / nairtha padavIM bheje jAtarUpa dharopi yH|| tataH zrI somaseno'bhada gaNI guNagaNAzrayaH / tadvineyo'sti yastasya jayasena tipobhRte // zIghra babhUva mAlU (1) sAdhuH sadA dharmarato vadAnyaH / sUnustataH sAdhu mahIpatiyastasmAdayaM cArubhaTastanUjaH // yaH saMtataM sarvavidaH saparyA mArga kramarAdhanayA karoti / sa zreyase prAbhRta nAma grantha puSyat pitubhakti vilopbhiiru||| cArubhaTa jaba digambara mUni ho gaye taba unake tapasvI jIvana kA nAma jayasena ho gyaa| unhoMne kundakundAcArya ke prAbhUta granthoM kA adhyayana kiyA aura samayasAra paMcAstikAya aura pravacanasAra tInoM granthoM para vRtti saMskRta bhASA meM banAI, jisakA nAma tAtparya vRtti hai| vRtti kI bhASA sarala aura sugama hai| inameM paMcAstikAya kI vRtti para brahmadeva kI dravyasaMgraha ko TIkA kA prabhAva parilakSita hai| unhoMne somazreSThI ke lie dravyasaMgraha ke race jAne ke nimitta kA bhI 'anyatra' dravyasaMgrahAdau somazreSThayAdi jJAtavyaM' nimna zabdoM meM ullekha kiyA hai| jayasena ne apanI vRtti meM racanA samaya nahIM diyA, phira bhI anya sAdhanoM se unakA samaya DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhyAya ne IsA kI 12 vIM zatAbdI kA uttarArdha aura vikrama kI 13vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha nizcita kiyA hai, kyoMki inhoMne prAcArya vIranandI ke AcAra sAra se do padya uddhata kiye haiN| prAcArya vIranandI ne AcArasAra kI svopajJakanar3I TIkA zaka saM0 1076 (vi0 saM0 1211) meM samApta kI thii| vIranandI ke guru meghacandra vidyadeva kA svargavAsa vikrama kI 12 vIM sadI 1. See Introduction of the Pravacansara P. 104 2. dekho, tAtparyavRtti pu0paura AcAra sAra 4165-66 zloka 3. svasti zrImanmeSacandatravidyadevara zrI pAdaprasAdAsAditAtmaprabhAva samasta-vidyA-prabhAva sakala digvati zrI kIrti zrImadavIranandisaiddhAntikacakravatigalu zakavarSa 1076 zrImukhanAma saMvatsare jyeSTha zukla 1 somavAra daMtA mADiyA cAra sArakke karNATa vRtti mADida para"

Page #418
384 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 ke upAntya samaya meM arthAt san 1972 meM huA hai| isame jayasena kA samaya vikrama kI 13 vIM sadI kA prArambha ThIka jayasena ne prazasti meM tribhavanacandra nAma ke guru ko namaskAra kiyA hai jo kAmadeva rUpI mahA parvata ke zatakhaNDa karane vAle the| saMbhava hai, somasena inake dIkSA guru hoM aura tribhuvanacandra unake vidyAguru rahe hoN| inakA samaya bhI vikrama kI 13 vIM zatAbdI kA prAraMbha hai| jayasena ne samayasAra kI tAtparya vatti ke anta meM, brahmadeva kI paramAtma prakAza TIkA kI antima bhAvanA ko-jisameM likhA hai ki paramAtmaprakAza kI TIkA par3hakara bhavya janoM ko kyA karanA cAhie vAkyoM ke sAtha ullikhita hai use, jyoM ke tyoM rUpa meM uddhata kiyA hai / amarakoti prastuta amarakIti kApTAsaMghAntargata uttara mAthura saMgha ke vidvAna muni candrakorti ke zipya evaM anuja the| amarakIti kI mAtA kA nAma 'caciNI' aura pitA kA nAma 'gUNapAla' thaa| inhone apanI guru paramparA kA ullekha nimna prakAra kiyA hai'-amitagati dvitIya (1050 se 1073) ke uttaravatI zAntipaMNa, amaramena, zrISaNa, zrIcandra aura amarakIti / ina vidvAnoM kA aura amitagati dvitIya meM pUrvavartI cAra vidvAno kA-devamena 'mita gati prathama, nemiSeNa aura mAdhavamena ina saba daza prAcAryo kA samaya dasavI zatAbdo me maM01047 taka TAI sau varSa ke lagabhaga avicchinna paramparA kA bodha hotA hai| ina amarakIti kI paramparA ke gipyoM kA koI ullekha nahIM miltaa| sirpha eka gipya kA ullekhya upalabdha huA hai, jinakA nAma indranandI hai, jinhoMne zaka rAbat 1180 (vi0 saM01315) meM hemacandrAcArya ke yogazAstra para saMskRta TIkA likhI hai| isI paramparA meM udaya candra, bAlacandra aura vinaya. candra muni hue haiN| samaya kavi amarakIrti kA samaya vikrama ko 13 vIM zatAbdI hai| kyoMki kavi ne apane NemaNAhacariu ko saM0 1244 meM bhAdrapada zuklA caturdazI ko samApta kiyA hai aura chakkammovAsa' (paTakarmopadeza) vi0 saM01247 bItane para bhAdrapada zuklA 14 gamavAra ke dina Alasa ko dUra kara eka mahIne meM banAkara samApta kiyA hai| padakarmopadeza kI racanA gajarAta deza ke mahIyaDa pradeza ke godhrA nagara ke AdinAtha mandira meM baiThakara kI hai| usa samaya gujarAta meM cAlukya athavA solaMkI vaza ke kaNha yA kRSNanarendra kA rAjya thA, jisako rAjadhAnI anahi lavAr3A thii| jo vaMdiggadeva kA putra thA / parantu itihAsa meM vadiggadeva aura unake putra kRSNanarendra kA kA ullekha dekhane meM nahI aayaa| usa samaya anahilavAr3e ke siMhAsana para bhIma dvitIya kA rAjya zAsana thaa| inake bAda baghelavaza ko zAkhA ne apanA rAjya pratiSThina kiyA hai| inakA rAjya saM0 1226 se 1236 taka batalAyA jAtA hai| savat 1220 se 1236 taka kumArapAla, ajayapAla aura mUlarAja dvitIya vahAM ke zAsaka rahe haiN| bhIma dvitIya ke zAsana samaya se lUkya vaMza kI eka gAkhA mahIkAMThA pradeza meM pratiSThita ho gaI, jisakI rAjadhAnI godhrA thii| isa sambandha 1. anekAnta varSa 20 ki03 pR0 107 2. jaina grantha prazarita saMgraha bhA02 pR0 56 3. nAhaM rajji daTTa'nae vikkamakAligae, bArahamayaca u Alae mukva, jaina grantha prazasti saM0 bhA0 2 pR0 56 4. vAraha sayahaM samatta cayAlihi, vikkama saMvacchara hu vizAlahiM / gahimi bhaTTa vayaha pakkhaMtari, guruvArammi cauhimi vAsari / ikke mAse ihu mammattiu saI lihiyau Alasu avahatthiu / -jaina grantha prazasti saMgraha bhA02 pR0 13 /

Page #419
terahavI aura caudahavI zatAbdI ke AcArya, vidvAna aura kaSi 385 meM abhI anvepaNa karane kI AvazyakatA hai jisame yaha jJAta ho sake ki isa vaza kI pratiSThA kaba huI , aura rAjya zAsana kaba taka claa| racanAeM kavi ne apanI nimna racanAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, jo maM0 1247 taka raco jA cuko thoM-(1) NemiNAhariu, (2) mahAva: cariu (3) jasaharacariu, (4) dharmacarita TippaNa, (5) subhASitaratna nidhi, (6) dharmopadeza, (7) bhANapaIva (dhyAnapradIpa), (0) paTa karmopadeza, aura (8) puradaravidhAna kthaa| inameM kevala tIna racanAeM hI upalabdha hai| ina racanAoM meM 'pRgdara vihaNa kahA' 'chakkammovAesa' ko darAvI maMdhi meM gamAviSTa hai| isake mAtha hI vahA~ deva pUjA kA vistRta kathana samApta hotA hai| isame pugdara vrata kA vidhAna banalAyA gayA hai| yaha vrata kisI bhI mahIne ke zukla pakSa meM kiyA jA sakatA hai / zakla pakSa kI pratipadA me apTanI taka prApadhogabAma karanA caahie| jina pUjana aura udyApana vidhi kA bhI varNana hai| kavi ne ise amba pramAda ke nimitta banAyA NemiNAhacariu isa grantha meM 25 mandhiyA hai jinakI indova gAyA chaha rajAra pATha mA paccANave hai| isameM jainiyoM ke bAIsavaM tIthakara bhagavAna minAtha kI jIvanagAthA grA tAmaNa ke cacere bhAI tha / isa grantha ko kavi ne savat 1048 -drapada valA caturdagA kA mamApta kiyA thaa| parana ga. 1512 likhA haI hai, jo sAnAgiri ke bhaTTArakIya zAstrabhaDAra meM mugakSata hai| chakkammovaesa prastUta paTakarmopadevA meM18 mandhiyAM pora : 15 kaDavA se, jinakI lokagakhyA 2050 ke pramANa ko lie hae hai / isa grantha kA kavi ne ambApramAda ke nimitta ga banAyA hai| pramara ni nema grantha meM gahastho ke paTa karmo kAdavapUjA, gurugevA, svAdhyAya / gAgvAbhyAga) gayama (ipa damana) nAra paTa kAya jAva rakSA, icchA nirodha rUpa tapa, aura dAna rUpa paTaka vA-vathana kiyA hai / dusr| gahavI manbhinaka nAjA savistana kathana kiyA gayA hai| jala, candana, prakSana, pApa, na gha, dApa, dhapa, phala prAra agha, isa gATa drA prakArA pUjA, usakA phala, aneka nUtana vathA rUpa daNTAloM ke dvAga ugama pAra grAhya banA diyA hai| dAvA gandha meM jina pUjA vidhi kI kathA aura udyApana kI vidhi mana kI gaI hai| gyArahavI madhi ma damara tIsare gahastha karma-guru pAmanA grora svAdhyAya kA sUndara upadeza diyA hai| svAdhyAya kaM vAcanA, pacchanA, anaprakSA, AmnAya Ara dhamapideza Adi kA mA kathana nadiSTa hai / guru kA svarUpa batalAte hae kahA hai ki mana kI gakA kA nivAraNa karane vAlA, zAlavAna, zuddha niSThAvAna, cAritra bhUpaNa, dUSaNoM kA tyAgI ho utkRSTa guma hai| indriya-viSaya-vikArI guru rAchidra nAkA ka mamAna batalAyA hai| ataeva vikI, vidvAna, saMyamI viSaya-vyApAra se rahita pUrupa ko hI guru banAnA zrayaskara hai| 12 vo sadhi meM mayama kA upadeza hai| saMyama ke dA bheda ? --endriyamayama aora prANimayama / pahale indriya saMyama hai| indriyoM kA prasayama aApatti kA kAraNa hai| java eka eka indriya ke viSaya prANaghAtaka taba pAcI hI indriyoM ke vipaya kisa anartha ko utpanna nahI karate / ataeva indriya-vipayA kA tyAga z2arUrI hai| mana dvArA hI indriyAM viSayo meM pravati hotI hai| yadi mana vA meM ho jAya, use vijita kara liyA jAya to phira iMdriyA~ apane vipayoM meM vyApAra nahI kara sktii| ataH mana kA jotanA jarUrI hai| paTkAya ke jIvoM kI rakSA prANi saMyama hai| isakA pAlana karanA Avazyaka hai| 4. See History of Gujrat in Bombay.Gazetecr rol. I

Page #420
386 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 13 vIM saMdhi meM bhI saMyama kA upadeza diyA gayA hai / maura gRhasthoM ke pAMca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvratoM kA kathana karate hue rAtri bhojana tyAga para jora diyA hai| aura anta meM samAdhimaraNa kA upadeza hai| usake sAtha hI sandhi samApta ho jAtI hai| antima 14 vI sandhi meM dAna aura tapa karma kA upadeza diyA gayA hai| dAna kI mahattA kA bhI kathana kiyA hai aura usakA phala bhogabhUmi kA mukha batalAyA hai| dAna ko durmati nAzaka aura saba kalyANoM kA kartA batalAyA hai| utkRSTa pAtra dAna kA phala utkRSTa kahA hai| grantha abhI aprakAzita hai, usakA prakAzana honA caahie| zrI candrakIti yaha kApThA maMghAntargata mAthurasaMgha ke vidvAna zrISeNasUri ke dIkSita ziSya the| jo taparUpI lakSmI ke nivAsa aura arthijana samUha kI AzA ko pUrI karane vAle, tathA paravAdirUpI hAthiyoM ke lie mRgendra the| inake ziSya amarakIti the| jinakI do racanAe~ nemipurANa (1244) aura paTkarmopadeza (1247) upalabdha haiN| zrIcandrakIrti kA samaya vikrama kI 13 vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha hai / arthAt ve saM0 1220 se 1235 ke vidvAna hone caahie| kavi aggala aggala mUlamaMdha, dezIyagaNa pustaka gaccha aura kundakundAnvaya ke vidvAna zrutakIrti vidyadeva kA ziSya thaa| isake pitA kA nAma zAntIza aura mAtA kA nAma pocAmbikA thaa| kavi kA janma igalezvara nAma ke grAma meM haA thaa| yaha saMbhavataH kisI rAja parivAra kA prasiddha kavi thaa| jaina jaina manohara carita, kavi kula kalabha-bAtaya thAdhinAtha, kAvya-karNadhAra, bhAratI-bAlanetra, sAhityavidyAvinoda, jina samayasAra keli marAla aura sulalita kavitA nartakI nRtya-raMga Adi inake virUda the| isa kavi kI ekamAtra kRti candraprabha pUrANa hai, jisameM pAThaveM tIrthakara candraprabha kA jIvana paricaya aMkita kiyA gayA hai / madrAsa lAyabrerI meM vilagI nAma ke sthAna kA zilAlekha hai / usase jJAta hotA hai ki isane ukta grantha apane guru zrutakIti traividya kI prAjJA me banAyA thaa| grantha meM 16 pAzvAsa haiN| grantha kI bhASA praur3ha aura - saMskRta bahala hai| grantha ke pratyeka prAzvAsa ke anta meM nimna pUSpikA vAkya pAye jAte haiM-'iti paramaparuSa nAthakRta bhabhatsamaddhata pravacanasaritsarinnAtha-zratakoti vidya cakravartI padapadmavidhAna dIparvAta zrImadaggaladeva viracite candraprabha carite-diyA hai / grantha kI racanA zaka saM0 1011 (vi0 saM0 1146) san 1086 meM kI gaI hai / ataH kavi kA samaya vikrama kI 12vIM zatAbdI hai| kavi zrIdhara kavi vibudha zrIdhara ne apanI racanA meM apanA koI paricaya aura guru paramparA kA ullekha nahI kiyaa| kintu itanI mAtra sUcanA dI hai ki balaDai grAma ke jina mandira meM pomaseNa (padmamena) nAma ke mUni aneka zAstroM kA vyAkhyAna karate the| kavi kA samaya vikrama kI 13vIM zatAbdI kA prArambha hai| prantha racanA ___ kavi kI racanA 'sukamAla cariu' hai, jisameM chaha sandhiyAM aura 224 kaDavaka haiM, jinameM sukumAla svAmI kA jIvana-paricaya diyA huA hai| sukUmAla svAmI kA jIvana atyanta pAvana rahA hai| isI se saskRta apabhraza paura hindI bhASA meM likhe gae aneka grantha milate haiN| prastuta carita meM kavi ne sukumAla ke pUrva janma kA vRttAnta 1. puNu dikviu taho tavasiri-riNavAsu, atthiyaNa-saMgha-buhapUriyAsu / paravAi-kuMbhi-dAraNa-maiMdu, miricandakitti jAyau murinndu| -SaT karmopadeza prazasti

Page #421
terahavIM aura caudahavIM zatAbdI ke prAcArya, vidvAna aura kavi 387 dete hae likhA hai ki ve pahale janma meM kauzAmbI ke rAjA ke rAjamaMtrI ke putra the aura unakA nAma vAyubhUti thaa| unhoMne roSa meM Akara apanI bhAbhI ke mukha meM lAta mArI thI, jisame kupita ho usane nidAna kiyA thA ki maiM terI isa TAga ko khaauuNgii| anantara aneka paryAya dhAraNa kara jainadharma ke prabhAva se ve ujjainI meM seTha putra hae ve bAlya avasthA meM hI atyanta sukumAra the, ataeva unakA nAma mukumAla rakkhA gayA / pitA putra kA mukha dekhate hI dIkSita ho gayA aura prAtma-sAdhanA meM laga gayA / mAtA ne bar3e yatna se putra kA lAlana-pAlana kiyA aura use sundara mahaloM meM rakhakara sAMsArika bhogopabhogoM meM anurakta kiyaa| usakI 32 sundara striyA thii| jaba usakI prAya alpa raha gaI, taba usake mAmA ne, jo mAdha the, mahala ke pIche jinamandira meM cAturmAsa kiyA, aora anta meM stotra pATha ko sunate hI sRkumAla kA mana deha-bhogAdi me virakta ho gyaa| vaha eka rasmo ke sahAre mahala meM nIce utarA aura jina maMdira meM jAkara munirAja kA namaskAra kara prArthanA ko ki he bhagavan ! AtmakalyANa kA mArga vtaaiye| unhoMne kahA- terI pAya tIna dina kI zepa raha gaI hai| ata: zIghra hI prAnma-mAdhanA meM tatpara ho / mUkumAla ne jina dIkSA lekara aura prAyopagamana sanyAsa lakara kaThora tapazcaraNa kiyaa| ve zarIra meM jitane sukomala the, upasarga-pariSahoM ke jItane meM ve utane hI kaThora the / ve vana meM samAdhistha the, tabhI eka zyAlano ne apane bacce sahita Akara unake dAhine paira ko khAnA zuru kiyA aura bacce ne bAeM paira ko unhone usa amita kaSTa ko zAnti me bAraha bhAvanAmoM kA cintavana karate hue sahana kiyA aura sarvArtha siddhi meM deva hue| grantha kA carita bhAga bar3A ho mundara hai| grantha nirmANa meM preraka __ kavi ne isa carita kI racanA sAhu pIthe ke putra kumAra ke anurodha se kI hai| prazasta meM unakA paricaya nimna prakAra diyA hai : balaDa i grAma ke nivAsI puravADa vazI sAhu 'jaggaNa' the / unakI bhAryA kA nAma 'galhA' devI thaa| usase ATha putra utpanna hue the| sAhu pIthe, mahendra, maNahara, jalhaNa, salakavaNu, sapuNNu, samudapAla, aura nayapAla / inameM jyeSTha putra sAha pIthe kI patnI sulakSaNA ke putra kumAra tha / kumAra ke bhI kaI putra the| kumAra jainadharma kA pArAdhaka thA, deha-bhogI se virakta thA, use dAna dene kA hI eka vyasana thA, vijayI, aura jitendriya thA' / kavi ne sandhiyoM ke prAraMbha meM saMskRta padyoM me kamAra kI maMgala kAmanA kI hai| grantha caki kamAra kI preraNA se banAyA hai ataeva unhIM ke nAmAMkita kiyA hai| jaisA ki usake nimna pUppikA vAkya meM prakaTa hai: iya mirikamAlasAmi maNoharacarie sundara yaraguNarayaNa-Niyarasa bhari vivadha siri mukai sirihara viraie mAha pothe putra kumAra NAmakie aggibhUi-vAubhUi sumitta melAvavaNaNo NAma paDhamo paricchanI samattI / / 1 / / kavi ne isa grantha kI racanA balaDai (ahamadAvAda) ke rAjA govindacandra ke rAjya meM vi0 sa0 1208 agahana kRSNA tatIyA somavAra ke dina samApta kI hai| para itihAsa meM abhI yaha patA nahIM calA ki ye gobinda rAja kauna hai aura inakA rAjya kaba se kaba taka rahA hai| muni vinayacandra prastuta muni vinayacandra mAthurasaMgha ke vidvAna bAlacandra muni ke dIkSita ziSya the| inake vidyAguru udayacandra the, jo pahale gahastha the aura unakI patnI kA nAma demati (devamanI) thaa| unhoMne usa avasthA meM 'mugaMdha dazamI' 1 bhaktiryasya jinendrapAdayugale dharme matiH srvdaa| baigagyaM bhava-bhogabandhaviSaye vAMchA jinezAgame / saddAne vyasane gurI biyitA prItibudhAH vidyate / sa zrImAn jayatAjjitendriya ripuH zrImatkumArAbhidhaH / / -sukumAla cariu 3--1 2. dekho, jaina grantha prazasti saMgraha bhAga 2 pR0 11

Page #422
385 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 kathA kA nirmANa kiyA thaa| para kucha samaya bAda ve muni ho gae the| ve mathurA ke pAsa yamunA nadI ke taTa para base hA mahAvana meM rahate the| mUni vinayacandra bhI vahA ke jina bhavana meM rahate th| mUni vinayacandra ne mahAvana nagara ndira ma 'naraga utArA rAma kA racanA kA thaa| use svaga batalAyA hai jisaga vaha atyanta sundara hogaa| jaisA ki usake nimna padya me prakaTa hai : amiya sarIsau javaraNa jalu, Nayaru mahAvaNa saggu / hi jiNa bhavaNi vasaMtaiNa, viraiu rAsu samaggu // mani vinayacandra acche vidvAna pAra vi the| unakI eka racanA kA sthala ukta mahAvana thA pora dUsarI do racanAyo kA-NijjharapacamI kahA (gama) pAra canaDI gasa kA-racanA sthala tihavaNa giri kI talahaTI, ora ajayapAla narendra kA vihAra thaa| __ kavi kI isa samaya pAca racanAe upalabdha hai| Nijjhara pacamI kahA (rAma) naraga utArI gasa, cUnaDI rAsa, kalyANaka rAsa aura nirdu gkha saptamI kthaa| ripajjharapacamI kahArAsa-dasa gama me kavi ne nirbharapacamI vrata kA svarUpa aura usake pAlana kA nirdeza kiyA hai aura batalAyA hai ki apADha zuklA pacamA dina jAgaraNa kare, pAra upavAsa kara, tathA kArtika ke mahIne me usakA udyApana kare / athavA zrAvaNa mAma ma prArambha karaka agahana mahIna meM udyApana kare / udyApana me chatra cAmarAdi pAca-pAca vastue~ mandira jI meM pradAna kr| yadi udyApana kI zakti na hA to vrata dugune dina kare, jaisA ki usake nimna padya me prakaTa hai : dhavala pakkhi prAsAdAMha pacami jAgaraNa, saha upavAsai vijjai kAtika ujjavaNU / aha sAvaNa pAra bhaya pujjai pAgahaNe, iya mai Nijjhara pacami akkhiya bhaya haraNe // kavi ne isa rAma kI racanA tihayaNagiri kI talahaTI me banAkara samApta kI he yathA tihayaNa giri haTTI iha rAsaha ryu|| mAthurasaMghaha muNivara viNayadi kahiu // dUsarI racanA 'naraga utArI rAma' hai jise kavi ne yamunA nadI ke kinAre base hA mahAvana (nagara) ke jinamandira me rahate hue kI thii| tIsarI racanA 'cUnar3I rAsa' hai / isa rAma ma 32 padya hai| jisama canaDA nAmaka uttarIya vastra ko rUpaka banAkara eka gIti kAvya ke rUpa meM racanA kI gaI hai| koI mugdhA yuvatI hamatI huI apane pati ma kahatI hai ki bhaga jina mandira jAiye aura mere Upara dayA karate hue eka anupama canaDA zIghra chapavA dIjie, jisama ma jinazAsana ma vicakSaNa ho jAU / vaha yaha bhI kahatI hai ki mApa vaisI cUnaDI chapavA kara nahI dage, tA vaha chapA mujha tAnAkazA kregaa| pati patnI kI bAta sunakara kahatA he ki he mugdhe / vaha chIpA mujhe jenasiddhAnta ke rahasya se paripUrNa eka sundara cUnar3I chApakara dene ko kahatA hai / / "cUnar3I uttarIya vastra hai, jise rAjasthAna kI mahilAe~ vizeSa rUpa se proDhatI thii| kavi ne bhI ise rUpaka batalAte hue cunar3I rAsa kA nirmANa kiyA hai| jo vastu tattva ke vividha vAg-bhUpaNa rUpa prAbhUSaNA me bhUpita hai, aura jisake adhyayana se jaina siddhAnta ke mArmika rahasyo kA udghATana hotA hai / vaise hI vaha zarIra kA alakRta karatI haI zarIra kI advitIya zobhA ko banAtI hai| usase zarIra ko alakRta karatI huI vAlAeM loka ma pratiSThA ko prApta hogI aura apane kaNTha ko bhUSita karane ke sAtha-sAtha bheda-vijJAna ko prApta karane meM samartha ho skegii| racanA sarasa aura cittAkarSaka hai / isa para kavi kI eka vistRta svopajJa TIkA bhI upalabdha hai, jimama cUnar3o gasa me die saiddhAntika zabdo ke rahasya ko udghATita kiyA gayA hai / aisI sundara racanA ko svopajJa saskRta TIkA ke sAtha prakAzita karanA caahie|

Page #423
terahavoM aura caudahavI zatAbdI ke AcArya, vidvAna aura kavi 389 kavi ne isa rAsa racanA ko 'tribhuvanagar3ha' meM 'ajaya narendra' ajayapAla gajA ke banavAe hue vihAra meM baiTha kara banAyA hai| usa samaya yaha nagara yaduvI gajAgrI kI gajadhAnI rahA hai, ata. yaha tahanaga isI se kavi ne use 'sagga khaDaNa dhariyala pAyau' vAkya dvArA uga svaga khaNDa ka dalya batalAyA hai| kavi ko isa racanA se pUrva inake vidyAguru udayacandra muni ho ca ke the / imI meM isakI pragasti me 'matha rA maghahaM udaya muNosaru' rUpa se ullekhita kiyA hai| cauthI racanA kalyANaka gamate. jimama covImatIthaMkaroM ko garbha. janma, dAkSA, kavala jJAna prApti aura nirvANa rUpa paMcakalyANaka kI tithiyoM kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| isa rAsa kI ma01885 kI likhI huI pratilipi upalabdha hai, jo paM0 dIpacandra pANDyA kakanI ke pAsa mojada hai| pAMcavI kathA nigya saptamI hai| jige kavi ne kahAM banAyA, yaha usa prati meM koI ullekha nahI hai / usakA prAdi magala padya isa prakAra hai: sati jiNidaha-paya-kamalu, bhava-saya-kalusa-kalaMka-NivAra / udayacandra gara dhara vimaraNe, bAlaiMdu muNi vivi NiraMtara / / antima prazasti upalabdha nahIM hai| samaya mUni vinayacanda ne apanI kisI bhI racanA meM unakA racanA kAla nahIM diyaa| kintu do racanA sthaloM kA ullegva avazya kiyA hai / eka mahAvana kA sAra dgaga tihuvaNa giri (nahanagaDha) kA talaharA tathA ugaka ajayapAla narendra ke vihAra kA / prastuta tihuvaNa giri mahAvana me dakSiNa-pazcima kI yAra lagabhaga mATha mAla gajasthAna ke pugana kagalA rAjya aura bharata pura rAjya meM par3hatA hai| ata: inakA nivAma pAra vihAra kSatra mathaga jilA pAra bharatapura rAjya gar3ha ka ajayapAla naregA kI eka prazasti mahAvana ma san 1050 (vi0ma0 1207) kI milI hai| / aura dUsarA lekha ajayapAla ke uttarAdhikArI haripAla kA 'ugo mahAvana ga san 1170 (va0 ma0 1227) kA milA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki vinayanandra ne apanI racanA ukta ajayapAla nareza ne bihAra meM baiTha kara banAI hai| ata: usakA racanA kAla man 1150 me 1170 ke madhya rahA hai| arthAt vinayacandra muni vikrama kA 13vIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArdha ke vidvAna Taharate hai| bharatapura rAjya ke adhapura spAna meM eka mUni prApta huI hai, jisa para sana 1192 (vi0 sa0 1086) ke unkIrNa lekha me sahanapAla nareza kA ullekha hai| mahanapAla ke bAda kumArapAla tihavaNa giri ko gaddI para baTA thaa| vaha vahA 3-4 varSa hI gajya kara pAyA thA ki uma para san 1996 meM aAkramaNa kara diyA gyaa| mugalamAnI tavArIkha 'tAjUlamamAmira' meM likhA hai ki hijarI gana 572 sana 1196 (vi0 saM01253) me muijuddIna muhammada gorI ne kumArapAla para hamalA kara use pagamna kara tihuvaNa giri kA duga vahAruddIna turala ko saupa diyaa| usa samaya nihavaNa giri ga taraha tahasa-nahama hA gayA thaa| vahA ke saba hindU pAra jana parivAra idhara udhara bhAga gaye the / vaha vIgana hA gayA thA / aisI sthiti meM vahAM rahakara racanA karane kA prazna hI naho uThatA vinayacandra ne apanA canar3I rAsa ajayapAla narendra ke vihAra meM baiThakara racA thA jise ajayapAla ne banavAyA thaa| ajayapAla kI san 1050 ko prazasti kA Upara ullekha kiyA gayA hai| isama vinayacandra vikrama kA terahavI zatAbdI ke pUrvAdhaM ke vidvAna nizcita hote hai| 1. devo epigrAphikA iDikA ji0 1 10286 2. epigrAphikA DikA khaNDa 2 pR0 276 TUT A. Cunningham volax! 3. nahiM NivamaMte muggivare ajayagaridaM ho rAjavihArahi / vege viraiya naDiya, sohahu mugivara je suyadhArahi / / -cUnaDI prazasti

Page #424
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 udayacanda kavi udayacandra ne apanI racanA meM apanA koI khAsa paricaya nahI diyA, kintu prAtma-nivedana karate hae batalAyA hai ki ve apane kUlarUpI AkAza ko udyotita karane vAle udayacandra nAmadhArI gahastha vidvAna the aura unakI bhAryA kA nAma demati yA devamati thA, jo atyanta suzIlA thI / ve mathaga ke pAsa yamunA nadI ke taTa para base hue mahAvana meM rahate the / udayacandra muni bAlacandra ke dIkSita zipya vinayacandra ke vidyAguru the / vinayacandra bhI vahA~ rahate the| unhoMne vahA~ ke jina mandira meM naraga utArI kathA (rAsa) banAyA thaa| usake Adi meM vidyAguru ko namaskAra nahIM kiyA, kyoMki muni kA gRhastha ko namaskAra karanA ucita nahIM hai, isaliye unhoMne -udayacaMdu gusa gaNahara gagvau, vAkya dvArA unakA smaraNa kiyA hai| unhoMne mahAvana ko "amiya sarosau javaNajalu Nayaru mahAvana sagga / tahi jiNa bhavaNi vasaMta iNa viraiu rAsu samagga // " ukta vAkya meM svarga banalAyA hai| isase mahAvana kI sundaratA kA AbhAsa hotA hai| kavi vinayacandra ne apanI ukta kRti kA racanA sthala mahAvana kA jina maMdira bata lAyA hai| kavi udayacandra ne likhA hai ki zAstrakAroM ne sugandha dazamo kathA ko vistAra ke sAtha kahA hai| kintu maiMne use manohara rIti meM gAkara sunAyA hai| jisa taraha unhoMne jasahara (yazodhara) pora nAgakumAra caritroM ko bA~cakara manohara bhASA meM sunAyA thaa| sugandha dazamI kathA do sandhiyoM kI choTI-sI racanA hai, kintu racanA prasAda guNayukta hai, usakI prathama sandhi meM 12 aura dUsarI sadhi meM / kaDavaka hai| ina kaDavako kI racanA prAyaH paddhar3iyA aura alillaha chandoM meM huI hai| isame dazamI ke vrata pAlana kI mahattA aura phala batalAyA gayA hai| sugaMdhadazamI vrata kA pAlana karane se AtmA jahA pApo se chuTakArA pAtA hai vahA vaha usake prabhAva se sugandhita garIra bhI pAtA hai, jaisA ki durgandhA ne mugandha dazamI kA vrata pAlakara prApta kiyA thaa| kathA bar3I rocaka hai / kathAnaka kI sundaratA ne grantha kI mahattA ko bar3hAvA diyA hai| damI se isa kathA kI racanA prAkRta, maskRta, apabhraga ora hindI bhASA meM vividha kaviyoM ne kI hai| kathA meM durgandhA dvArA jinAmipaMka karane kA kavi ne ullekha kiyA hai, jo AmnAya ke pratikala hai| yaha kathA samkRta bhASA ke 161 padyoM meM brahmathatamAgara ne banAI hai aura umI kA padya rUpa anuvAda kavi khazAlacandra ne dohA caupAI me kiyA hai, jo kaI bAra chapa cakA hai| kathAnaka vahI hai jo udayacandra kI kRti meM diyA hai| racanA kAla kavi ne kathA meM racanA kA ullekha nahI kiyA aura na racanAsthala kA sakena kiyA hai| kintu vinayacandra muni ne apane rAsa kA racanA sthala yamunA nadI ke taTa para bamA huA mahAvana kA mandira batalAyA hai / mathurA ke AsapAsa aneka vano kA ullekha milatA hai, usameM mahAvana bhI eka hai / usa mahAvana me yaduvagIya rAjA ajayapAla ko man 1150 (vi0saM0 1207) kI eka prazasti upalabdha huI hai aora san 1170 (vi0 saM0 1227) kA eka lekha rAjA ajayapAla ke uttarAdhikArI harIpAla ke rAjya kA utkIrNa kiyA hayA usI mahAvana meM milA hai| bharatapura rAjya ke aghapura nAmaka sthAna meM bhI eka mUrti upalabdha huI hai, jisa para san 1162 (vi0 sa0 1246) ke utkIrNa lekha meM sahanapAla nareza kA ullekha hai| mahanapAla ke bAda (kuvarapAla) kUmArapAla, tihavaNa girI kI gaddI para baiThA thaa| vaha 3-4 varSa hI rAjya kara pAyA thaa| mumalamAnI tabArIkha 'tAjulamanAsira' me likhA hai ki 1. Niya kulagaha-ujjoiya-cadai, sajjaNa-maNa kaya-gaNyagaNANadada / ' 2. ai sumIla-demaiyahi ktii|' 3. iya muadikvahi kahiya savitthara, maI gAvitti muNAiya maNahara bhaviyaNa-kaNNA-maNahara-bhAmaI, jasahara-gAyakumAra ho vAyai / / -mugaMdha dazamI kathA pR0 28 4. dekho epi grAphikA iDikA, jilda 1 pR0 286 / 5. epigrAphikA iMDikA, khaNDa 2 pR0 276; tathA A Cunningham VOLXX

Page #425
terahavIM aura caudahavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, vidvAna aura kavi 361 hijarI san 572 san 1166 (vi0 saM0 1253 ) meM muIjuddIna muhammada gaurI ne kumArapAla para AkramaNa kara use parAsta kiyA, aura tihuvanagirI kA durga vahAruddIna tugharila ko saupa diyA / usa samaya tihuvana giri naSTa bhraSTa ho gayA thA aura vahA se hindU aura jaina parivAra idhara-udhara bhAga gaye the| nagara vIgana ho gayA thaa| ni vinayacandra ne Nijjhara pacamI kahArAsa, kI racanA tihavaNa gari kI talahaTI meM kI thI, aura canaDI kI racanA kA sthala ajayapAla narendrakRta vihAra ko batalAyA hai. canar3I kI racanA me pUrva udayacandra muni ho gaye the / usakA ullekha, mAthura sahi udaya nuNIsaru, vAkya meM kiyA hai| sugaMdhadazamo kathA unake gRho jIvana kI racanA hai| isa saba kathana se sunizcita hai ki mugandha dazamI kI kathA kA racanA kAla san 1050 (vi0 saM0 1207) hai| paNDita mahAvIra yaha vAdirAja paNDita dharamena ke ziSya the| dhAga nagarI ke nivAsI the / nyAya zAstra, vyAkaraNa zAstra aura dharmazAstra ke vidvAna the| sana 1192 (vi0saM0 1246) meM jaba zahAbuddIna gaurI ne pRthvIrAja cauhAna ko harAkara dillI aura ajamera para adhikAra kara liyA thA, taba madAcAra ke vinAza ke bhaya se AzAdhara jI vahuta me parijano ora parivAra ke logoM ke sAtha vindhyavarmA gajA ke mAlavamaNDala dhAga nagaro me A vama tha / uma samaya aAgAdhara jI sabhavataH kizora hI hoMge / unhoMne ukta paNDita mahAvIra se pramANa zAstra aura vyAkaraNa kA adhyayana kiyA thaa| isase inakA samaya vikrama kI terahavI zatAbdI kA madhya kAla hai| kavi lAkhu yA lakSmaNa kavi lakSmaNa kA kula yAdava yA jAyama hai| jo prasiddha yaduvaMza kA vikRta rUpa hai| yaha prasiddha kSatriya kala hai / kavi ke prapitA kA nAma komavAla thA, jinakA yaza dika cakra meM vyApta thaa| unake mAta putra the-ahaNa, gAhala. sAhala, sohaNa, mailla, ratana aura madana / ye mAtoM hI putra kAmadeva ke samAna gundara rUpa vAle aura mahAmati the| ina meM prastuta kavi ke pitA mAhala dhoThI the| ye mAtoM bhAI aura kavi lakSmaNa apane parivAra ke sAtha pahale tribhavanagiri yA tahanagar3ha ke nivAsI the| usa samaya tribhavanagiri jana-dhana ga mamaddha tathA vabhava se yukta thA / parantu kucha samaya bAda tribhuvanagiri kI samRddhi vinaSTa ho gaI tho-ume mlecchAdhipa muijuddIna muhammada gAro ne bala pUrvaka gharA 1. tihuyagaNagiri nalahaTTI raha gagau raiu,-mAtharasaMghahaM mugivara vigAyacadi kahiu / 2. tihayaNagiri jagi vikAvAyau, maggakhaMDaNaM dhagyali Ayau / tahi Nivamate munivare ajayagagaridahoM gajavihArahi / / vege viraiya cUnaDiya sohahu mugiNa vara je suyadhArahi / / cUnar3I prazasti 3. mlecchezena sapAdalakSaviSaye vyApte sRvatta kSati trAsAdvindhya nareNdo parimalamphUrjatrivargomi / prApto mAlava maNDale bahu parIvAra: purImAvasana, / yo dhAgamapaThajjinapramitivAkzAstra mahAvIrataH / / 5 / / anagAradharmAmRta prazasti 4. yadukula prasiddha kSatriya kula hai| yadukula hI yAdava aura bigar3akara jAyava yA jAyasa bana gayA hai| isa kula kA rAjya zUrasena deza meM thaa| zaurIpura, mathurA aura bharatapura meM yaduvaMziyoM kA rAjya rahA hai| zrIkRSNa aura neminAtha tIrthakara kA janma isI kula me huA thA / yaha kSatriya vaMza vartamAna meM vaizya kula meM parivartita ho gayA hai|

Page #426
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 DAlakara naSTa-bhraSTa kara prAtmamAta kara liyA thA / ataH kavivara lakSmaNa tribhUvanagiri se bhAga kara yatra-tatra bhramaNa karate hA vilarAmapura meM Aye / yaha nagara prAja bhI isI nAma se jilA eTA meM vasA huyA hai| usa samaya vahAM bilarAmapura meM seTha vilhaNa ke potra aura jinadhara ke putra zrIdhara nivAsa karate the| inhoMne kavivara ko makAna Adi kI savidhA pradAna kii| yaha kavivara ke parama mitra bana gae / sAha vilhaNa kA vara pUravAr3a thA aura zrIdhara usa vaMza rUpI kamaloM ko vikasita karane vAle sUrya the| isa taraha kavi unake prema aura sahayoga meM vahAM mukhapUrvaka rahane lge| kavi ko isa samaya do racanAeM upalabdha hai, jinadatta carita, aura aNuvrata ratna pradIpa / jinadatta carita jinadatta caritra meM 11 sandhiyAM hai jinake zlokoM kI saMkhyA cAra hajAra ke lagabhaga hai| prastuta grantha meM jIvadeva aura jIvaMyagA zreSThI ke sapatra jinadatta kA caritra aMkita hai| kavi kI yaha racanA eka sundara kAvya hai| ima meM prAdarza prema ko vyakta kiyA gayA hai| kavi kAvya zAstra meM niSNAta vidvAn thaa| grantha kA yamakAlakAra yUkta prAdi maMgala padya kavi ke pANDitya kA sUcaka hai| sappaya sara kalahaMsa ho, hiya kalahaMsa ho, kalahaMsa ho seyaMsavahA / bhaNami bhavaNa kalahaMsa ho, Navivi jiNa ho jiNayatta kahA // arthAta-mokSarUpI magevara ke manojJa hama, kalaha ke aMdA ko harane vAle, kari zAvaka (hAthI ke bacce) kesama na unnata kAdha aura bhavana meM manojJa ma, grAditya ke mamAna jinadeva kI vandanA kara jinadatta kI kathA kahatA huuN| granthakartA ne iga grantha meM vividha chandoM kA upayoga kiyA hai| grantha kI pahalI cAra sandhiyoM meM kavi ne mAtrika aura varNavRtta donoM prakAra ke nimna chandoM kA prayoga kiyA hai --vilAmiNI, madanAvatAra, cinaMgayA, motti yadAma, pigala, vicittamaNohaga. prAraNAla, vastu, khar3aya, jaMbheTriyA, bhajagappayAu, mAmagajI, maggiNI, pamANiyA, pomaNI, caccara, na cAmara, ca, vibhAgaNiyA, gmaNIlatA, mamA gayA, cittayA, bhamarapaya, moNaya, aura lalitA zAdi / ina chandoM ke avalaMkana meM yaha spaSTa patA calatA hai ki apabhraga kavi chanda vipaja hote the| kavi ne TamameM kAvyocita anuprAma alaMkAra aura prAkRtika saundarya kA gamAveza kiyA hai| kintu bhaugolika varNana kI vipanA grAra zabda yojanA sundara tathA zrRti-mukhada hai / ina sabame racanA tha nimukhada aura hRdaya hAriNI bana gaI hai| rantha me aneka alaMkRta kAvyamaya kathana diye hai. jimame kAvya marama pAra kavi ke zabda yojanA cAturya meM bhApA bhI marama aura sarala ho gaI hai| kavi ne grantha meM apane meM pUrvavartI aneka jaina-janetara kaviyoM kA AdarapUrvaka ullekha kiyA hai-akalaMka, 1. vijayapAla ke utta gadhivAge tribhuvanapAla (tihanapAla ) ne bayAnA me 18 mIna aura vagailI se uttara pUrva 24 mIla kI dUrI para nahanagar3ha kA kilA bnvaayaa| ime trinuvagiri ke nAma se ullegvina kiyA jAtA thaa| tribhuvanapAla ke pinA vijayapAla vA ullekha zrIpatha (bayAnA) ke man 1.44 ke utkIrNa lekha meM pAyA jAtA hai| isa vaMza ke ajayapAla nAmaka rAjA kI eka prazarita mahAvana se milI hai| jisake anusAra man 1150 I0 meM umakA rAjya vartamAna thaa| isake uttarAdhikArI haripAla kA bhI san 1170 kA utkIrNa leya mahAvana se milA hai| bharatapura rAjya ke aghapura nAmaka sthAna ge eka mUrti milI hai jisake man 1132 ke utkIrNa lekha meM sahanapAla nareza kA ullekha hai| inake unagadhikArI kumArapAla the| jinakA ullekha mumalamAnI tavArIkha 'tAjula manAsira' meM milatA hai| jisameM kahA gayA hai ki hijarI san 572 san 1166 I0 meM mudajuddIna muhammada gorI ne tahanagar3ha para AkramaNa kara vahA~ ke rAjA kavara pAla ko pagarana kiyA aura vaha durga bahAuddIna tugharila yA tumarIna ko mIpa diyA / kumArapAla vahA~ saM0 1246 man 1192 ke aAmapAsa gaddI para baiThA thaa| vaha vahAM 3-4 varSa hI rAjya kara pAyA thA jaba gorI ne tahanagar3ha para adhikAra kiyA, taba vahA~ ke saba hindu parivAra nagara choDakara yatra-tatra bhAga gye| unake sAtha jainI loga bhI bhAga gaye / lAkha yA lakSmaNa kavi kA parivAra bhI vahAM se bhAgakara bilarAma (eTA) pahuMcA thaa|

Page #427
terahavIM aura caudahavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, vidvAna aura kavi caturmukha, kAlidAsa zrIharpa, vyAsa, droNa, bANa, IzAna, puSpadanta, svayaMbhU, aura vAlmIki' / grantha racanA meM preraka zrIdhara kA Upara ullekha kiyA gayA hai| eka dina avasara pAkara seTha zrIdhara ne lakSmaNa se kahA ki he kavivara ! tuma jinadattacarita kI racanA kro| taba kavi lakSmaNa ne zrIdhara zreSThI kI preraNA eva anurodha se jinadatta carita kI racanA vi0 saM0 1275 ke pUsavadI SaSThI ravivAra ke dina samApta kI hai, jaisA ki usake nimna padya se spaSTa hai: " bArahasaya sattarayaM paMcottarayaM dhikkamakA liSi ittau / paDhama pakkhi ravivAra chaTTi sahArai pUsamAse sammati // 1- antima prazasti carita sAra prastuta grantha meM magadharAjyAntargata vasantapura nagara ke rAjA zazizekhara aura usakI rAnI nayanA sundarI ke kathana ke anantara usa nagara ke zreSThI jIvadeva aura jIvayaMzA ke putra jinadatta kA caritra aMkita kiyA gayA hai / vaha kramazaH bAlyAvasthA me yuvAvasthA ko prApta kara apane rUpa-sauMdarya me yuvati-janoM ke manako mugdha karatA hai-- zraura aMga deza meM sthita campAnagara ke meTha kI sundara kanyA vimalamatI se usakA vivAha ho jAtA hai| vivAha ke pazcAt donoM basaMtapura Akara mukha se rahate hai / 363 jinadatta juAriyoM ke caMgula meM phasakara gyAraha karor3a rupayA hAra gyaa| isame use bar3A pazcAtApa huA / usane apanI dharma patnI kI hIrA mANika Adi javAharAto se prati kaMculI ko nau karor3a rupaye meM jumAriyoM ko beca diyA | jinadatta ne dhana kamAne kA bahAnA vanA kara mAtA-pitA se campApura jAne kI AjJA le lo / ora kucha dina bAda dharma patnI ko akelI chor3a jinadatta dazapura ( mandasaura) yA gayA / vahA usakI sAgaradatta se bheMTa huI sAgaradatta usI samaya vyApAra ke lie videza jAne vAlA thA, avasara dekha jinadatta bhI usake sAtha ho gayA, aura vaha siMhala dvIpa pahuca gyaa| vahA ke rAjA kI putrI zrImatI kA vivAha bhI usake sAtha ho gayA / jinadatta ne use jaina dharma kA upadeza diyaa| jinadatta pracura dhanAdi sampatti ko sAtha lekara svadeza lATatA hai, parantu sAgaradatta IrSA ke kAraNa use dhokhe se samudra meM girA detA hai prora svayaM usakI patnI meM rAga karanA cAhatA hai / parantu vaha apane zIla meM sudRr3ha rahatI hai / va campA nagarI pahuMcate hai aura zrImatI campA ke 'jinacaitya' meM pahuMcatI hai| idhara jinadatta bhI bhAgyavaza vaca jAtA hai aura vaha maNidvIpa meM pahuMcakara vahA ke rAjA azoka kI rAjakumArI zRMgAramatI se vivAha karatA hai / aura kucha dina bAda saparivAra campA zrA jAtA hai| vahAM use zrImatI ra vimalamato donoM mila jAtI hai / vahA se vaha saparivAra vasantapura pahu~cakara mAtA-pitA se milatA hai| ve use dekhakara bahuta harSita hote hai / isa taraha jinadatta apanA kAla sukha pUrvaka vyatIta karatA hai / anta meM muni hokara tapazcaraNa dvArA karma, baMdhana kA vinAzakara pUrNa svAdhIna ho jAtA hai / vaya rayaNa pava (aNuvrata ratnapradIpa) kavi kI dUsarI kRti aNuvrataranna pradIpa hai jisameM 8 sandhiyA ra 206 paddhaDiyA chanda haiM / jinakI zloka saMkhyA 3400 ke lagabhaga hai / grantha meM samyagdarzana ke vivecana ke sAtha zrAvaka ke dvAdaza vratoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai | zrAvaka dharma kI sarala vidhi aura usake paripAlana kA pariNAma bhI batalAyA gayA hai| grantha kI racanA sarasa hai / kavi ne isa grantha ko 8 mahInoM meM banAkara samApta kiyA hai / 1. NikkalaMku akalaku caummuha ho, kAliyAsu siri harisukai suho / ar bilAsu kaiyA asariso, doNa bANu IsAraNa sahariso phupphayatu susaMyaMbhubhallao, bAlamIu sammaI rasillao / - jinadatta carita prazasti

Page #428
364 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 kavi ne prastuta grantha kI racanA rAyavaddiya nagara meM nivAsa karate hue kI thii| vahAM usa samaya cauhAna vaMza ke rAjA grAhavamalla rAjya karate the| unakI paTTarAnI kA nAma Imaride thA, Ahavamalla ne tAtkAlika musalamAna zAsakoM se lohA liyA thA ora usameM vijaya prApta kI thA / kisI hammIravAra ne unakA sahAyatA bhI kI tho| kavi ke AzrayadAtA kaNDakA vaza lambakacuka yA lamecU thA / isavarA meM 'hallaNa nAmaka zrAvaka nagara zreSThI hu, jo loka priya aura rAjapriya the / unake putra amRta yA zramayapAla the, jo rAjA abhayapAla ke pradhAnamantrI the| unhoMne eka vizAla jinamaMdira banavAyA thA aura usakA zikharapara suvarNa kalaza caDhAyA thaa| unake putra sAhU sor3ha the, jo jADa narendra aura unake pazcAt zrIvallAla ke maMtrI bane / inake do putra the ratnapAla aura kaNhaDa / ina kI mAtA kA nAma 'mahAde' thA / ratnapAla svataMtra aura nirargala prakRita ke the| kintu unakA putra zivadeva kalA bora vidyA meM kuzala thA, jo apane pitA kI mRtyu ke bAda nagara meTha ke pada para grArUr3ha huA thA / aura rAjA grAhavamallane apane hAtha se usakA tilaka kiyA thA / kaNhaDa ( kRSNAditya) ukta rAjA grAha malla ke pradhAnamaMtrI the| unakI dharmapatnI kA nAma 'sulakSaNA' thaa| vaha bar3A udAra, dharmAtmA, patibhaktA Ara rUpavatI thii| inake do putra hue / harideva aura dvijarAja / inhI kaNhakI prArthanA se kavi ne isa grantha ko vi0 saM0 1313 kAti kRSNA 7 saptamI guruvAra ke dina puSpa nakSatra aura sAhijja yoga meM samApta kiyA thA jaisA ki unake nimna vAkya meM prakaTa hai -- terahasya teraha utarAla parigaliya vikkamAiccakAla / saMveya rahai savvahaM samakkha, kattiya mAsammi seya-pakkha / satamiNi guruvAre samoe, praTThami rikkhe sAhijja-joe / navamAsa rayate pAyatthu sammattau kama kama ehu satthu || - ( jana grantha prazasti saM0 bhA02 pR0 32 ) kavidAmodara kavidAmodara kA janma meDettama vaza me huA thaa| unake pitA kA nAma kavi mAlhaNa thA jisane dalha kA carita banAyA thA / kavi ke jyeSTha bhrAtA kA nAma jinadeva thA / kavi gurjara deza se calakara mAlavadeza meM AyA thA aura vahAM ke malakhaNapura ko dekhakara santuSTa huaa| usane vIra jinake caraNoM ko namaskAra kiyA aura stuti kii| salakhaNapura usa samaya eka jana-dhana sampanna nagara thA, aura paramAravazI nareza devapAla vahA kA zAsaka thA / isI salakhaNapura meM pa0 grANAdharajI savat 1282 meM mojUda the, ve usa samaya gRhasthAcArya ke pada para pratiSThita the| isI se unhoMne apane ko 'gRhasthAcArya kujara, likhA hai / ve usa samaya zrAvaka ke vratoM kA pranuSThAna karate the| salakhaNa pura : meM unhoMne paramAravazI davapAla ke rAjya samaya meM malhU ke putra nAgadeva kI dharmapatnA ke liye jo usa rAjya meM caMgI va Taiksa vibhAga meM kAma karatA thA ukta savat 1282 meM saMskRtagadya meM 'ratnatrayavidhi' nAma kI kathA likhI thI / yaha racanA unakI racanAoM meM sabase pahalI jAna par3atI hai / usake bAda ve nalakacchapura meM cale gaye hai / 1. rAjA AhavamallakI vaMza kI paramparA candravADa nagara se batalAI gaI hai| cauhAna vaMzI rAjA bharatapAla, unake putra abhayapAla, ke putra jADa, unake zrIvallAla aura zrIvallAla ke Ahavamalla hue| inake samaya me rAjadhAnI 'rAyayi yA gayA ho gaI thI / candravADa aura rAyavaddiya donoM hI nagara yamunAtaTa para base hue the / 2. mAdho maDitavAgvaMzasumaNeH sajjainacUDAmaNeH / mAlAkhyamya sutaH pratItamahimA zrInAgadevo'bhavat 1 // yaH zulkAdipadepumAlavapate. nAtrAti yuktazivaM / zrImallakSaNayAsvamAzritavasaH kA prApayataH zriya 2 // zrI matkezava se nArya vartha vAkyAdupeyupA / pAkSika zrAvakA bhAva tena mAlavamaDale || 3 sallakSaraNapure tiSThan gRhamthAcArya kujaraH / paNDitAzAgharo bhaktyA vijJAptaH samyagakadA // 4 prAyeNa rAjakArye'varuddha dharmAzritagya me| bhAdra kicidanuSTheyaM vratamAdizyatAmiti // 5 tatastena samIkSo vai paramAgamavistara / upaviSTa satAmiSTa tasyAya vidhisattamaH ||6

Page #429
terahavI aura caudahavI zatAbdI ke AcArya, vidvAna aura kavi usa samaya salakSaNapUra me kamalabhadra nAma ke maghavI rahate tha, jA kAma ke vANA ko vinaSTa karane ke liye tapazcaraNa karate the, aSTamadA va vinAsa karane me vIra pe, pora vAIma paripahAve marane medha ra tha / karma zatrayo kA nAza karana vA ne tathA bha ya rUpa vamalA kA sambodhana vagna ke lie sUrya ke samAna y| kapAyA pAra gatyatraya ke vinAzaka zrImanta santa yora sayama nidhAna tha / umI nagara meM maha (mAlA)o pUra nAga: rahate tha, jo nirantara puNyAjana karate tha / vahI sayamI gRNI, guzIta rAmacandra rahate th| vahIM para gaNDalavAna kulabhapaNa viSaya virakta, bhavyajana bAndha va va zava ke putra inTaka yA undra candra rahate ya jo janadharma re dhAraka , aura jina bhakti meM tatpara tathA masAra se udApIna rahana th| mage spATa hai ki uma mamaya matakSaNapura ga agcha dharmaniSTha lAgA kA nivAsa thaa| ukta undaka nAmijina kI stuti kara tIna pradakSiNA dI pAra * vya nAgava kA zubhAgIrvAda diyaa| tava nAgadava na kahA ki rAjya pArakara makyA, manahArI hama, gaya ma kyA, japa mAnA |p| puna kanatra, mitra sabhI indradhanUpa mamAna yaanny|niml vitta pAra bhavyA nAgadA 7 |haa, - dAmAdara kAva | sA kAma kIjie jimaga dhama ma hAni na ho| mubha na majina cArana banA para da IT jamA na gabhAra bhava meM Aja tara jAU ora maga janma maphAhA jAya / nAvi nAgadava / anugamana, prAra pa . rAmacandra va Adaza sa neminAtha jina kA caritra bnaayaa| jmaa| umagadhipUpi vA ma prakaTa hai - dAmoyara viraie paDiya rAmayada Ae sie nahAkave malhasuaNaggaevamAyaNNae maNivvANa gamaNa pacamoparicchegro sammatto // 145 / / pragnata carita va pAvya hai jiAma pAca sandhiyA mabAgavAyakara nomanAtha pA pAvana jovana. gAthA akti hai / grantha / / Na pani upanA marabhara vimA dAritrama garama umA pUNa prata upanabdha ho jaay| granya me kAvya-vakAva-patA nAhai hA cA TT gundara / / -471 vA / ka pa gaNa nadra ke paTTa mamddhAraka kalimala ka nAzaka mUni mUrimana kA nAmAnakha kiyA hai| nA giya mana maladra tha, jAbhavyajana AnandadAyaka the| racanAkAla kavi ne grantha kI racanA kA samaya diyA hai| kavina grantha ko racanA manakSaNapUra ma vi0ma0 1247 meM paramAravazI rAjA davapAla ke rAjya kAla meM samApta kiyA hai jegA ki usake nimna vAkya ma spaSTa hai bArahasayAI sattAsiyAi vikkamarAyaho kAlaha / paramAraha paTTa samuddharaNa NavaidevapAlaha // davapAla mAla kA paramAgvazI rAjA thA, grAra mahAmAra harizcandra varmA kA, jA chATo zAkhA ke vazadhara the, dvitIya putra thaa| kyAki arjuna varmA ne kAI santAna nahIM thA, ata uma gaddA kA adhikAra inhe hA prApta dayA thaa| imavA aparanAma 'mAhamamala' thaa| isaka samaya ka 3 zilAkha aura eka dAna patra milA hai| una eka vikrama mavata 1275 (mana 1218) kA harasoDA gAva me ora do kha gvAliyara rAjya ma mina re| jinama eka tenAnyaizca yathAtti bhavabhIne piTata / granyA budhAzAdharaNa saharmAya mayo vRta // vinApazItyadvAdazApa zanApaya / dazamyA pazcima (bhAga) prapA prayatA vnaa|| patnI zrI nAgadevasya nyaadvmggnaayiaa| yAmIdratnatrayavidhi caratInA purssrii|| -ratnatraya vidhi prazasti 1 tahikamalabhadda saghAhivaI, kusuma sara viyAgga nau tavaI / maya aTTha duTTha rigaTThavaNa vIra, bAvIsa parisaha sahaNavIru / ari kamma viraDi chiNNaNa, vivANa gaIva bhavvasaMbohabhANa / 2. inDiyana eNTIkverI ji0 2010 311

Page #430
366 vi0 saM0 1286 aura dUsarA vi0 saM0 1286 kA hai| mAMdhAtA se vi0 sa0 1235,26 agasta) kA dAna patra bhI milA hai / dillI ke sulatAna zamasuddIna allamaza ne mAlavA para san 1231-32 meM caDhAI kI thii| aura eka varSa kI lar3AI ke bAda gvAliyara ko vijita kiyA thA, aura bAda meM bhelasA aura ujjaina ko jItA thA, tathA vahAM ke mahAkAla maMdira ko tor3A thA, itanA hone para bhI vahAM sulatAna kA kabjA na ho skaa| sulatAna jaba lUTa-pATa kara calA gyaa| taba vahAM kA rAjA devapAla hI rhaa| isI ke rAjya kAla meM paM0 AzAdhara ne vi0 saM0 1285 meM nalakacchapura' meM 'jinayajJa kalpa' nAmaka grantha kI racanA kI thI, usa samaya devapAla maujUda the| itanA hI nahI kintu jaba dAmodara kavi ne savat 1287 meM 'miNAha cariu' racA usa samaya bhI devapAla jIvita thaa| kiMtu jaba savat 1292 (san 1235) me 'triSaSThi smRti zAstra AzAdhara ne bnaayaa| usa samaya unake putra 'jaitugideva' kA rAjya thA / isase spaSTa hai ki devapAla kI mRtyu sa0 1292 se pUrva ho cukI thI / vi0 sa0 1300 me jaba anagAra dharmAmRta kI TIkA banI usa samaya jaitugideva kA rAjya thA / yaha apane pitA ke samAna hI yogya zAsaka thA / jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 1262 bhAdoM sudI 15, (sana kavi zrIdhara kavi zrIdhara ne apanA koI paricaya nahI diyA, aura guru paramparA kA bhI ullekha nahI kiyA / anyatra se bhI isakA koI samadhAna nahI milatA / kavi vikrama kI 13vI zatAbdI kA vidvAna hai / isakI eka mAtra kRti 'bhavisayatta kahA hai / grantha meM chaha sadhiyoM aura 143 kaDavaka diye hue hai, jinakI zloka saMkhyA 1530 ke lagabhaga hai | grantha meM jyeSTha zuklA paMcamI ( zruta paMcamI) vratakA phala aura mAhAtmya varNana karate hue vrata saMpAlaka bhaviSya dattake jIvana paricaya ko aMkita kiyA hai / kathana pUrva paramparA ke anusAra hI kiyA gayA hai / zrIdhara ne bhavisayatta carita kI racanA candravAr3a nagara meM sthita mAthuravazIya nArAyaNa ke putra supaTTa sAhukI pra eraNA se kI thI / samUcA kAvya nArAyaNa sAhukI bhAryA rUpiNI ke nimitta likhA gayA hai supaTTa sAhu nArAyaNa ke laghuputra the / unake jyeSTha bhrAtA kA nAma vAsudeva thA / kavine pratyeka sadhi ke prArambha meM saMskRta padyoM meM rUpiNI kI maMgalakAmanA kI hai, jo / 1. inDiyana eNTI kverI ji0 20 pR0 83 2. epi grAphiyA inDikA ji0 6 pU0 108 13 / 3. briga, phiriztA ji0 150 210-11 4. nalakacchapura hI nAlachA hai, yaha dhArA se 20 mIla dUra hai, yaha sthAna usa samaya jaina saMskRti ke lie prasiddha thA / vikrama varSa sapaMcAzIti dvAdazazatepyatIteSu / AzvinasitAnyadivase sAhasamallAparAkhyasya / / zrIdevapAlanRpateH pramArakula zekharasya sorAjye / nalakacchapure siddho granthoyaM neminAtha caityagRhe / / 5. pramAravaza vArSIndu devapAlanRpAtmaje / - jinayajJa kalpa prazasti zrImajjagadeve sisthAmnA vantImavanyalama // 12 nalakacchapure zrI mannemi caityAlaye'sidhat / grantho'yaM dvinavadvayeka vikramArka samAtyaye / / 13 6. siricandavAraraNaya raTThieNa, jiraNadhamma-karaNa ukkaThieNa / mAhurakula-gayaNa tamIhareNa, vibuhayaNa suyaNa - maraNa- gharaNa -hareNa / + + + NIseseM savilakkha guraNAlaeNa, maivara supaTTa ragAmAlaeraNa7. gArAyaNa deha samubbhaveraNa, maraNa-vayaraNa- kAya - riMgadiya bhaveraNa | + siri vAsuva guru bhAyareNa, bhava- jalarigahi-rigavaDaraNa - kAyareNa / / -- triSaSThi smRti zAstra -- bhavisayatta kahA prazasti

Page #431
jyoMhI, terahavIM aura caudahavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, vidvAna aura kavi 397 indra vajA aura zArdUla vikrIDita Adi chandoM meM nibaddha hai jaisA ki usake nimna padyase spaSTa hai : yA deva-dharma-gurupAdapayoja-bhaktA, sarvajJadeva sukhdaayi-mtaanu-rktaa| saMsArakArikUkathA kathaneviraktA, sA rUppiNI budhajanana kathaM prazasyA / / -sadhi 2-2 yaha kAvya-grantha sIdhI-sAdI evaM sarala bhASA meM nibaddha hai kintu bhASA calatI huI prasAda guNa yukta hai| isameM vikrama kI terahavIM zatAbdI ke jana sAmAnya meM pracalita bhASAke zabda yatra-tatra milate haiM -tyoMhI, sapattau (sapATe se) villa (vela), kakhaMda (karoMdA) jhanti jhaTase) / bhASA meM muhAvare, lokoktiyoM evaM sUktiyoM kA prayoga huA hai / bolacAla kI bhASA ke prayoga bho dekhane meM Ate haiM / sUktiyAM bhI jana sAmAnya meM pracalita pAI jAtI haiM yathA-- viNu ujjameNa gau kiMpi hoi-vinA udyama ke koI kAma nahI bntaa| jahi saccai tahi phiri-phiri ramaI---jahA~ acchA lagatA hai vahA manuSya bAra-bAra jAtA hai| grantha kA caritabhAga dhanapAla kI visayatta kathA se samAnatA rakhatA hai| parantu dhanapAla kI bhavisayatta kathA kI bhASA prauDha hai| parantu dhanapAla kI kathA ke samAna bhASA kA prAMjala rUpa, alakaraNatA, kalpanAtmaka vaibhava, aura saundaryAnubhati kI jhalaka zrIdhara kI bhaviSyadatta kathA meM nahI pAI jaatii| phira bhI grantha mahatvapUrNa hai| kavine isa grantha kI racanA vi0 saM0 1230 (san 1173 I0) ke phAlgunamAsa ke kRSNapakSa kI dazavIM ravivAra ke dina samApta kI hai / mAdhavacandra vidya (kSapaNAsAragadya ke kartA) prastuta mAdhavacandra malasaMgha krANUragaNa tintriNI gaccha ke vidvAna muni candramUri ke praziSya aura sakalacandra ke ziSya the| jo tarka siddhAntAdi tIna viSayoM meM nipuNa hone ke kAraNa travidya kahalAte the| jaina zilAlekha saMgraha tRtIya bhAga ke lekha naM0 431 meM, jo zaka saM0 1116 (vi0 saM0 1254 kA utkIrNa kiyA hayA hai, usameM municandra prakSAlana karake mahApradhAna daNDanAyaka ne kucha cAvaloM kI bhUmi, do kolhU aura eka dukAna kA 'edaga' jinAlaya ko dAna diyA hai| inhIM sakalacandra ke ziSya ukta mAdhavacandra haiM, jinakI upAdhi vidya thii| inhoMne kSallakapUra (vartamAna kolhApura) meM kSapaNAsAra gadyakI racanA kI hai| kSapaNAsAra gadya meM karmo ke kSapaNa karane kI prakriyA kA sundara varNana kiyA gayA hai| mAdhavacandra ne isa grantha kI racanA zilAhAra kula ke rAjA vIra bhojadeva ke pradhAna maMtrI bAhubalo ke liye kI thii| aura jinheM mAdhava candrane bhojarAja ke samuddharaNa meM samartha, bAhubala yukta, dAnAdiguNotkRSTa, mahAmAtya aura lakSmIvallabha batalAyA hai| unhIM ke liye zakasaM0 1125 (san 1203) vi0 saM0 1260 meM kSapaNAsAragadya kA nirmANa kiyA thA, jaisA ki usake nimna padya se spaSTa hai : pramUnA mAdhavacandradivyagaNinA vadyicakra zinA. kSapaNAsAramakAri bAhubalisanmaMtrIzasaMjJaptaye / 1. garaNAhavikkamAiccakAle pavahaMtae suyArae visaale| bArahamaya-varisahi parigaehi phAguNamAsammi balakvapakkhe / dasamihi diNe timirukkara vivakkhe, ravivAra samAriNau eu sattha / / -jaina grantha prazasti saMgraha bhA0 2 pR050 / 2. "paMcAMgamaMtrabahaspatisamAnabuddhiyuta-bhojarAjaprAjya sAmrAjyasamuddharaNasamartha-bAhubala yukta-dAnAdi guNotkaSTa mahAmAtya-padavI-lakSmIvallabha-bAhubalimahApradhAnena vaa|" -kSapaNAsAra gadya prazasti jaina grantha pra0 saM0 bhA0 11.165

Page #432
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 zakakAlezara-sUrya-candragaNite jAte pure kSullake, zubhade dudubhivatsarevijayatAmAcandratAra bhuvi / / inhI bhojagaja ke rAjyakAla meM kolhApura dezAntavartI ajarikA (Ajara) nAmaka gA~va meM kSapaNAsAra gadya kI racanA ke do varSa bAda zaka sa0 1127 krodhana savatsara (vi0 sa0 1262) meM somadeva ne zabdArNava candrikA nAma kI jaina vyAkaraNa kI vatti samApta kI thii| muni vinaya candra yaha malamagha ke vidvAna sAgaracandra mana ndra ke zipya the / inhe pani AzAdhara jI ne dharmazAstra kA avyayana karAyA thaa| inhI vinayacandra muni ke anurodha me prAzAdhara jI ne bhavyajanA ke hitArtha iSTopadezaTAkA bhUpAla kavikRta ca ivazatikA TIkA grAra devamena ke ArAdhanAmAra kI TAkA banAI thI ina meM prathama dA TIkAe prakAzita ho cakI hai / vinnu pAgadhanAmAra kI TIkA upalabdha nahIM huI thii| kintu aAmera ke zAstra bhaNDAra meM maMvat 1581 kI likhI haI pAgadhanAmAra kI TokA upalabdha hai| TIkA atyanta sakSipta he, jo gAthAo ke gaDhapadoM ke artha kA bodhakarAtI hai, / jaisA ki usake magala padya tathA pratijJA vAkya me spaSTa hai : praNamya paramAtmAnaM svazaktyAzAdharaH sphuttH| aArAdhanAsAragUDha padArthAkathayAmyaham / / 51 "vimaletyAdi - vimalebhyaH kSINakaSAyaguNebhyo'tizayena vimalA vimalatarA zuddhatarAH gaNA paramAvagADha samyanAdayaH / siddha jIvana mukta jagatpratItaM vaa| surasena vaMdiyaM sahaDa vaiH svAmibhirvatate nijanajasvAmiyukta catukAyadadhastathA devaganAmnA pratyakRtA namaskRta mtyrthH| ArAhaNAsAraM samyagdarzanA domudyotanAdyapAya paMcakArAdhanA tasyAH sa samyagdaniAdi cataSTayaM / tayA tasye vA rAdhanA tayopAiyavattAta // " anta me ligA hai "vinayendumunehaMtorAzAdhara kavIzvaraH / sphUTamArAdhanAsAra TippanaM kRtavAni // " zrI vinaya candramityAgAdharavicitArAdhanAmAra vivRttiH smaaptaa| ata: vinaya candra kA samaya vi0 sa0 1270 me 1266 taka jAna par3atA hai / --rAmacandramumukSu prAcArya kunda-kanda kI vazaparamparA meM divya vRddhi ke dhAraka kezavanandI nAmake prasiddha yati he| jo bhavya jIva rUpa kamalo ko vikasita karane ke lie sUryasamAna, the, sayama ke pratipAlaka, kAmadeva rUpa hAthI ko naSTa karane me siha ke samAna parAkramI, grAra aneka du:gvotpAdaka karmarUpo parvata ko bhedane ke liye vajra ke samAna the| bar3e-bar3e yogIndra aura rAjA mahAgajA jinake caraNA kI vandanA karate the| aura jo samasta vidyAoM meM niSNAta the| unhIM -pUrI gAthA isa prakAra hai: 1. jaina granthaprati ma0 bhA0 1 pR0 166 2. upazama iva mUrte mAgarendro munIndrAdajani vinaya candra. maccakoraika candraH / jagadamatamagarbhA gAstrasadarbhagarbhA. zucicaritavaripNI yaMgyadhinvanivAcaH / / 3. vimala yara gugagasamiddha, middha mugmeNa vadiya sigmaa| gamiUraNa mahAvIra vocchaM AgaharaNA sAraM // 1 4. "yo bhavyAbja-divAkaro yamakage mArebha paJcAnano, nAnAda.khavidhAyikammakubhUto vajrAyate divyadhIH / yo yogIndra-narendra-vandita pado vidyArNavottIrNavAn, khyAtaH kezavanandideva-yatipaH zrIkudakudAnvayaH // 1 //

Page #433
terahavIM aura caudahavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, vidvAna aura kavi 366 ke ziSya rAmacandra mumukSu thA, jo mamamtajanoM kA hitAbhilApI thA / rAmacandra mumukSa ne padmanandI nAmake zreSTha munIndra ke pAsa meM vyAkaraNa zAstra kA adhyayana kara giri aura samiti ke barAbara saMkhyAvAne sattAvana padyoM dvArA puNyAsrava nAmaka kathA grantha kI racanA kI / prastuta grantha meM 56 kathAeM haiM, jo chaha adhikAroM meM vibhAjita haiM, jina kI zloka saMkhyA sAr3he cAra hajAra hai / prathama pAMca khaNDa meM grATha-ATha kathAeM haiM, aura grantima cha khaNDa meM 16 kathAeM dI haiM / prathama kI kathAoM meM devapUjA meM arhantadeva ke svarUpa kI bodhaka aura devapujA ke mahatva ko khyApita karanevAlI kathAeM dI haiM, jo puNyaphala kI pratipAdaka haiM / dUsare 'grATaka me Namo arihaMtANaM' Adi patra namaskAra mantra ke uccAraNa karane vAlI aura usake prabhAvako vyakta karane vAlI grATa kathAe dI jiname paMca namaskAra mantrakI mahattA kA bodha hotA hai, aura puNyaphala kI prApti rUpa sadgatikA lAbha pratipAdita kiyA hai| tRtIya aSTaka svAdhyAya ke puNya phalakI pratipAdaka kathAeM dI haiM, jinameM zAstroM ke paThana-pAThana, unake zravaNa aura uccAraNa yAdi kA puNya bhI nirdiSTa hai / cauthe aSTaka ke dalita ke pAlakoM kI puNya kathAeM dI haiN| gRhasthoM meM puruSoM ko apanI patnI ke prati aura patnI ko pati ke prati pUrNa zIlavAna honA Avazyaka hai / pAMca aSTaka meM upavAsa ke puNyaphala kI pratipAdaka kathAeM dI haiN| ora chaThe khaNDa meM pAvadAna ke mahatva kI pratipAdaka 16 vathAeM dI hai| ina saba kathAoM ke adhyayana meM jahAM bhAvavizuddhi hotI hai, vahAM unake prati AsthA bhI utpanna ho jAtI hai| mahA kavi radha ne bhI apabhraMzabhASA meM puNyAsrava kathAkopa kI racanA kI hai| granthakartA ne grantha meM racanAkAla nahIM diyA, zora na racanAsthala kA hI ullekha kiyA hai| karnATaka kavi carita se jJAta hotA hai ki nAgarAja ne kannar3a bhASA meM 'puNyAtratra campU kAvya kI racanA zakasaMvat 1253 (san 1331 meM kI hai jo saMskRta grantha kA kanar3I bhASAntara hai| bahuta sambhava hai ki nAgarAja ne rAmacandra mumukSa ke puNyAtratra kA AdhAra liyA ho| kyoMki donoM meM atyadhika samAnatA pAI jAtI hai / isane rAmacandra mumukSa kI racanA pUrvavartI hai / inakA samaya vikrama kI 13 vIM zatAbdI jAna par3atA hai| nizcita samaya to kezavanandI ke samaya kA nizcaya ho jAne para mAlUma ho sakatA hai / vimalakIti prastuta vimalakIti rAmakIrti guru ke ziSya the| rAmakIrti nAma ke cAra vidvAnoM kA ullekha milatA hai / unameM prathama rAmakIrti ke ziSya vimala kIrti haiM / dUsare rAmakati mUlasaca balAtkAragaNa ora sarasvatI gaccha ke vidvAna the / inake ziSya bha0 prabhAcandra ne sa0 1413 me vaizAkha mudi 13 budhavAra ke dina amarAvatI ke cohAna rAjA ajayarAja ke rAjya meM bala kaMcukAnvayI zrAvaka ne eka jinamUrti kI pratiSThA karAI thii| jo vaNDitadazA meM bhaugAMva ka mandira kI chatapura rakhI huI hai / 1. "ziSyo'bhUttamyabhavyaH sakala janahito rAmacandro mumukSa jatvA zabdAzabdAn suvigada yazasaH padmanandyAbhidhAnAt (yAdvai ) / vandyAdvAdabha siMhAsaramayatipateH mo vyadhAdbhavyahetogranthaM puNyAsravAkhyaM girimamitimitaM divyapadyaH kathAyeM || 2 || -- jaina grantha prazamti saM0 bhA01 pR0 154 2. saMvata 1413 vaizAkha mudi 13 budhe zrImadamavagavatI nagarAdhIzvara cAhuvAraNa kula zrIajaya rAya deva rAjya pravartamAne mUlasaMdhe balAtkAragaNe sarasvatI gacche zrIrAma kIrtidevAstasya ziSya bha0 prabhAcandra laMbakaMcu kAnvaye sAdhu bhArmA sohala tayoH putraH sA0 jIvadeva bhAryA surakI tayoH putraH kezo praNamati / - dekho jaina si0 bhA. bhA. 22 aka 3

Page #434
400 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 tIsare rAmakIti bhaTTAraka vAdibhUSaNa ke paTTadhara the, jinakA bimba pratiSThita karane kA samaya saMvat 1670 hai| yaha rAmakIrti 17vIM zatAbdI ke uttarArdha ke vidvAna haiM / cauthe rAmakIti kA nAma bhaTTAraka surendrakIti ke paTadhara ke rUpa meM milatA hai| inameM se prathama rAmakIrti kA sambandha hI vimalakIrti ke sAtha ThIka baiThatA hai| yaha rAma kIti ke ziSya the, jinakI likhI huI prazasti cittaur3a meM saMvat 1207 kI utkIrNa kI huI upalabdha hai / rAmakIrti ke ziSya yaza:kIrti ne 'jagata sundarI prayogamAlA' nAmake vaidyaka grantha kI racanA kI hai| jinakA samaya vikrama kI terahavIM zatAbdI hai / kyoMki yazaHkIti ne jagat sundarI prayogamAlA meM abhayadeva sUri kA ziSya dhanezvara sUri kA (saM0 1171) kA ullekha kiyA hai| vimalakIti kI eka mAtrakRti sugandhadazamI kathA hai / jisameM apabhrazabhASAke 8 kar3avakoM meM bhAdrapada zaklA dazamI ke vrata kI kathA kA varNana karate hae usake phala kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| kavine dazavIvrata ke anuSThAna karane kI preraNA kI hai| graMtha meM racanA kAla nahIM diyaa| ina ke guru rAmakIrti kA samaya vikrama kI 13vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvAdhaM-(saM0 1207) hai / ataH vimalakIti kA samaya bhI vikramakI 13vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha sunizcita hai| muni somadeva muni somadeva vyAkaraNa zAstra ke acche vidvAna the / inhoM ne apanI zabdacandrikA vRtti meM apanI guruparamparA aura saMgha-gaNa gacchAdika kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyaa| yaha zilAhAravaMza ke rAjA bhoja deva (dvitIya) ke samaya hae haiM / kolhApura prAnta ke arjarikA nAmaka grAma ke 'tribhavana tilaka' nAmaka jaina mandira meM, jo mahAmaNDalezvara gaNDarAditya deva dvArA nirmApita kiyA gayA thaa| usameM bhagavAna neminAtha jinake caraNa kamaloM ko ArAdhanA ke bala se aura vAdIbha vajrAMkuza vizAlakIti paNDitadeva ke vaiyAvRtya se muni somadeva ne zaka saM0 1127 (vi0 saM0 1262) meM vIra bhojadeva ke vijayarAjya meM 'zabda candrikA' nAma kI vRtti banAI / isa vRtti candra ke dIkSita zipya 'bhujaMga sudhAkara' (nAgacandra) aura unake zipya haricandra yati ke liye ukta saMvata meM banAkara samApta kI thii| jaisA ki usakI prazasti ke nimna padya se prakaTa hai : 'zrI mUlasaMgha jalajatibodhamAnormedhendu dIkSitabhujaMgasudhAkarasya / rAddhAnta toyanidhivRddhi karasyavRtti rebhe harIndu yataye vara dIkSitAya // 2 // zabdArNava kI racanA guNanandI ne kI thI, kyoM ki muni somadeva ne zabdacandrikA vRtti ko guNanandI ke zabdArNava meM praveza karane ke liye naukA ke samAna batalAyA hai| tathA 'zrI somadeva yati-nimita mAdadhAti, yAnauH pratIta-guNanandita-zabdavAdhauM / seyaM satAmamalacetasi visphurantI, vRttiH sadAnutapada parivatiSISTa / / premI jI ne do nAgacandra nAma ke vidvAnoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| eka nAgacandra pamparAmAyaNa ke kartA haiM. jinheM abhinava pampa kahA jAtA hai yaha gRhastha vidvAn the| dUsare nAgacandra labdhisAra ke TIkA kartA haiM yaha muni the| ina dvitIya nAgacandra ke zipya haricandra ke liye muni somadeva ne vRtti banAI hai / ina haricandrayatI ko 'rAdhAnta toya 1. saepi grAphikA iMDiyA ji02 pRSTha 421 // 2. dekho, jagatsundarI prayogamAlA prazasti / 3. svasti zrI kollApuradezAntarvArjurikA mahAsthAna yudhiSTharAvatAra mahAmaNDalezvara gaMDarAditya deva nirmApita tribhuvana tilaka jinAlaye zrImatparamaparameSThi zrIneminAtha zrIpAdapamArAdhanabalena vAdIbhavanAMkuza zrIvizAlakIrti paMDitadeva vaiyAvRtyataH zrImacchilAhAra kula kamala mArtaNDatejaH pujarAjAdhirAja paramezvaraparama bhaTTArakapazcima cakravati zrIvIra bhojadeva vijaya rAjye zakavarSaka sahasraka zatasaptaviMzati 1127 tama krodhana samvatsare svasti samastAnavadyavidyAcakravarti zrI pUjyapAdAnurakta cetasA zrImatsomadeva munIzvareNa viraciteyaM zabdArNava candrikA nAma vRttiriti / -jaina anya prazasti saM0bhA0 10 196

Page #435
terahavIM aura caudahavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, vidvAna aura kavi 401 nidhivRddhikaraM' vigepaNa diyA hai, jisame ve siddhAnta ke vidvAn TIkAkAra jAna par3ate haiM / aura meghacandra mUlasaMgha dezIyagaNa pustakagaccha ke vidvAn the| unake prabhAcandra 'zanacandra, bIranandI aura rAmacandra Adi ziSya the / meghacandra kA svargavAsa zaka saM0 1037 (vi0 saM0 1172) meM huA hai| inake eka ziSya zubhacandra kA svargavAsa zaka sa0 1068 (vi0 saM0 1203) meM humA thaa| aura vIranandI ke prAcArasAra kI kanar3I TIkA zaka saM0 1076 (vi. saM0 1212) meM banAI thii| muni somadeva kA samaya vikrama kI 13vI zatAbdo hai| aura nAgacandra ke zipya haricandra kA samaya bhI vikrama kI 13vI zatAbdI hai| kavi harideva inake pitA kA nAma caMga deva aura mAtA kA nAma citrA thaa| unake do jeThe bhAI the kiMkara aura kRSNa / unameM kiMkara mahAgaNavAna, aura kRSNa svabhAvata: nipUNa the| uno na mare para hari haa| iname do kaniSTha bhAI dvijavara ora gaghava the| jo jinacaraNoM ke bhakta aura pApoM kA mAna mardana kara vAra the| isa kuTumba ke paricaya nAgadeva kA maskRta madanaparAjaya me calanA - yaH yuddhasammakulapavikAsanALa jAto'thinAM vivAdevaH / tannandano harirasatkavinAmasaMhaH tasmA bhiSaNa mAhiri nAgada vaH // 2 // tajjAvubhau mubhipanAvitahamAmI, gamAtriya kArA dinAM yaH / tajjavakitsitamahAmmudhapArAptaH, sImAla mjienemmnH|| tajjauha nAgadevAcyA rAjAnena naMyunaH, cholarakA ....nAni vedmyhm|| kathAprAkRtabanna hada vena yA kRtA, vakSye marakara una yAna dharmavRddhaye // 5 // __ arthAt pRthvI para dAda mAlampI kamAna ko dika mata kAra liye gayarUpa yAcakoM ke liye kalpavakSa caMgadeva he| unake putra hari hAra, jo graganka'varUpa haritayA - Ei / unI hA vaMdyagaja nAgadeva / nAgadeva ke hema pora rAma nAma ke do pahA, jo donoM hI yaccha vA |m trahA priyakara, jo yAcakoM ko priya the| priyaMkara ke pUtra hA 'mAgi, jA cikitmA mahAmi ke pAngAmI nidvAna nathA jinendra ke caraNa-kamaloM ke mattabhramara the| unakA putra A meM nAgareza nAmaka. jN| alpajJAna' hai| kAga, kAra, ya ra zabda kopa ke jJAna se vihIna huuN| harideva ne jisa kathA ko prAkRta bandha racA thA. ja. dhanatro saMskRta meM racatA haiN| kavi kI ekamAtra kAma 'mayaNapaganaya cara' hai, jAda, rUpava kAvya hai| isameM do sadhiyAM haiM jinameM se prathama sandhi meM 37aura damarI gandhina81 kUla 118 kaDavaka hai| jina : madana ko jItane kA sanda kiyA gayA hai| isameM paddhaDiyA, gAthA Ara duvaI chanda ke sivAya vastu (gaDDhA) chanda kA bhI prayoga kiyA gayA hai| kiMtu ina chandoM meM kavi ko vastu yA raDDhA chanda hI priya rahA jAnA par3atA hai| isa chanda ke sAtha grantha meM yathAsthAna 1. bNgaavhugviryaajnnaayddu| taha citta mahAgaDahi pahapRtta kivarU mahAgugga / puga bIyau kaNha huu 'jeraga ladhu masahAu riNaya puNa // hari nijja u kara jAriNaya diyavara raaghvvei| le lahuyA jiNa yathAha pAvahamANu malei ||2||-mynn parAjaya cariu 2. prAkRta piMgala meM raDaDhA cha da kA lakSaNa isa taraha diyA hai| jisameM prathama caraNa me 15 mAtrAe, ditIya caraNa meM 12 tRtIya caraNa meM 15 caturtha caraNa me 11 aura 5veM caraNa meM 15 mAtrAeM hoN| isa taraha 15412415411x 15 kula 68 mAtrAoM ke pazcAt anta meM eka dohA honA cAhie, taba prasiddha raDaDhA chanda hotA hai jise vastu chandax bhI kahA jAtA hai / (prAvRtta piMgala 1-133)

Page #436
402 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 laMkAroM kA bhI saMkSipta varNana pAyA jAnA isa kAvya kI apanI vizeSatA hai| grantha meM aneka sUktiyAM dI huI haiN| jina se grantha sarasa ho gayA hai| udAharaNArtha yahAM tIna sUktiyoM ko uddhRta kiyA jAtA hai-- 1 prasidhArA paNa ko gacchai - talavAra kI dhAra para kauna calanA cAhatA hai / 2 ko bhUyadaMDahi sAyakalaM ghahi - bhujadaMDa se sAgara kauna taranA cAhegA / 3 ko paMcANaNa sutta khavalai - sote hue siMha ko kauna jagAyagA / 1 isa rUpaka kAvya meM kAmadeva rAjA, moha mantrI aura prajJAna Adi senApatiyoM ke sAtha bhAvanagara meM rAjya karatA hai | cAritrapura ke rAjA jinarAja ke usake zatru haiM, kyoMki ve mukti rUpI lakSmI (siddhi) ke sAtha apanA vivAha karanA cAhate haiM / kAmadeva ne rAga-dva eSa nAma ke dUta dvArA jinarAja ke pAsa yaha sandeza bhejA ki zrApa yA to muktikanyA se vivAha karane kA apanA vicAra chor3a deM, aura apane jJAna darzana- caritra rUpa subhaToM ko mujhe sauMpa deM, anyathA yuddha ke lie taiyAra ho jAyeM / jinarAja ne kAmadeva se yuddha karanA svIkAra kiyA aura anta meM kAmadeva ko parAjita kara apanA vicAra pUrNa kiyA / grantha kA kathAnaka paramparAgata hI hai, kavi ne use sundara banAne kA prayatna kiyA hai| racanA kA dhyAna se samIkSaNa karane para zubhacandrAcArya ke jJAnArNava kA usa para prabhAva parilakSita huA jAna par3atA hai / isase isa grantha kI racanA jJAnArNava ke bAda huI hai / jJAnArNava kI racanA vi0 kI 11vIM zatAbdI kI hai| usase lagabhaga do sau varSa bAda 'mayaNa parAjaya' kI racanA huI jAna par3atI hai / isa grantha kI eka prati saM0 1576 kI likhI huI Amera bhaMDAra meM surakSita hai| aura dUsarI prati saM0 1551 ke magazira sudiSTamI guruvAra kI pratilipi kI huI jayapura ke terApaMthI bar3e mandira ke zAstra bhaNDAra meM upalabdha hai / isa kAraNa yaha grantha kI saM0 1551 ke bAda kI racanA nahIM haiN| pUrva kI hai / arthAt vikrama kI 13vIM zatAbdI ke dvitIya tRtIya caraNa kI racanA jAna par3atI hai / yazaHkIrti-yazaH kIrti nAma ke aneka vidvAna ho gae haiM' / prastuta yaza: kIrti una sabase bhinna jAna par3ate haiM / inhoMne apane ko 'mahAkavi' sUcita karane ke atirikta apanI guru paramparA aura gaNa-gacchAdi kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyA / inakI eka mAtra kRti 'caMdappaha cariu' hai jisameM 11 sandhiyAM aura 225 kaDavaka hai, jinameM AThaveM tIrthakara candraprabha jinakA jIvana-paricaya aMkita kiyA gayA hai| grantha kA gata caritabhAga bar3A hI sundara aura prAMjala hai / isakA adhyayana karane se jahAM jaina tIrthakara kI Atma-sAdhanA kI rUpa rekhA kA parijJAna hotA hai vahAM Atma-sAdhana kI nirmala bhAMkI kA bhI digdarzana hotA hai / kavi ne tIrthakara ke carita ko kAvya-zailI meM aMkita kiyA hai, kiMtu sAdhya carita bhAga ko sarala zabdoM meM rakhane kA prayAsa kiyA hai / ra antima 11vI sadhi meM tIrthakara ke upadeza kA citraNa 1. prastuta yazaHkIti gopanandI ke ziSya the, jo syAdvAdatarka rUpI kamaloM ko vikasita karane vAle sUrya the / bauddha vAdiyoM ke vijetA the / siMhalAdhIzane jinake caraNa kamaloM kI pUjA kI thii| (jaina lekha saM0 bhA01 lekha 55 ) 2. dUsare yazaHkIrti vAgaDa saMgha ke bhaTTAraka vimalakIti ke ziSya aura rAmakIrti ke praziSya the / ke ziSya aura zubhacandra ke guru the / 3. tIsare yazaH kIrti mUlasaMgha ke bhaTTAraka padmanandI ke praziSya, bha0 sakala kIrti 4. cothe yazaHkIti kASThAsaMgha mAthurAnvaya puSkaragaraNa ke bha0 sahasrakIrti ke praziSya, tathA bha0 guNakIrti ke ziSya, laghubhrAtA evaM paTTadhara the / yaha gvAliyara ke tobhara vaMzI rAjA DUMgarasiMha ke rAjya kAla meM hue hai, inaka samaya saM0 1486 se 1520 taka hai / inakI apabhraMza bhASA kI 4 racanAe~ upalabdha haiM pANDavapurANa (1497) harivaMzapurANa ( 1500) ravivrata kathA, aura jina rAtri kathA / pAMcaveM yazaHkIti bha0 lalitakIti ke ziSya the, dharmazarmAbhyudaya kI 'sandeha dhvAnta dIpikA' nAma kI TIkA ke kartA haiM ! chaThaveM yazaH kIrti jagatsuMdarI prayoga mAlA ke kartA haiM /

Page #437
mahAkA terahavIM aura caudahavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, vidvAna aura kavi karate hue dhArmika siddhAMtoM kA acchA kathana kiyA hai| kitu lagatA hai ki kavi ne vIranandi ke candraprabha caritra ke dhArmika kathana ko dekhA hai, donoM kI tulanA karane me kathana zailI kI samAnatA kA AbhAsa milatA hai| grantha meM guru paramparA kA ullekha na hone se samaya nirNaya karane meM bar3I kaThinAI ho rahI hai| kavi ne isa grantha ko hubaDa kulabhUSaNa kumarasiha ke putra siddhapAla ke anurodha se banAyA hai, aura isIlie usakI pratyeka puSpikA meM siddhapAla kA nAmollekha kiyA hai / jaisA ki usake nimna puppikA vAkya se prakaTa he: ___ "iyasiri caMdappahacarie mahAkavve mahAkaijasakittiviraie mahAbhamvasiddhapAlasavaNabhUsaNe caMdappahasAmiNivvANagamaNavaNNaNo NAma eyArahamo sandhi paricchepro smtto|" mahAkavi ne grantha meM apane se kI prAcAryA kA ullekha karate hue gANa kundakunda, samantabhadra devanandi (pUjyapAda) akalaka aura jinasena siddhamana kA ullekha karate hue prAcArya samantabhadra ke muni jIvana ke samaya ghaTane vAlI ghaTanA dvArA pAThave tIrthakara ke stAtra kI sAmarthya se candraprabha jinakA mUrti ka prakaTa hone kA ullekha nimna vAkyoM meM kiyA hai : "NAmeM samaMtabhaddavi muNidu, aiNiAmmalu NaM puNNamahicaMdu / jiu rajiu rAyA ruddakoDi jiNa thutti mitti sipiDi phoDi / NIhariu bivucaMdappahAsu ujjAyatau phuDu dasadisAsu / " aura akalaMka deva ko tArAdevI ke mAna ko dalita karane vAlA batalAyA hai| "akalaMkuNAi paccakkhaNANu je tArAdevihi daliu maannu| ujjAlliu sAsaNu jagapasiddha NiddhADiu thalliya sylbuddhi|" jinasena aura siddhamena ko paravAdiyo ka darpa kA najaka batalAyA hai / / prastuta grantha vIranandi ke candraprabha carita ke bAda vanA hai| prata. isakA racanAkAla vikrama kI 12vIM yA 13vIM zatAbdI ho sakatA hai| kucha vidvAnoM ne candraprabha ke kartA yazaHkIrti aura bha0 guNakIti ka paTTadhara yaza:kIti ko nAma sAmya ke kAraNa eka mAna liyA hai, para unhoMne donoM kI kRtiyoM kA dhyAna se sagAkSaNa nahA kiyA, pAra na unake bhASA sAhitya tathA kathana zailI para hI daSTi DAlI hai| vicAra karane se dAnI yaza:oti bhinna-bhinna hai| unameM candraprabha carita ke kartA yazaHkIti pUrvavartI hai, aura pANDava purANAdi ke kartA yazaHkoti arvAcIna hai| pANDava purANakI puSpikA vAkya nimna prakAra hai : iya paNDava-purANe sayalayaNa-maNa-savaNa-suhayare siriguNakitti-sissa-muNi jasakitti viraie sAdhu vIlhA putta hemarAja NAmaMkie gemiNAha judhiTara-bhImAjju-Na NivvANa gamaNa nakula sahadeva-savvaTThasiddhi balahaddapaMcama-sagga gamaNa payAsaNo NAma cautIsamo imo saggo smtto|" isa puppikA vAkya ke sAtha caMdappaha cariu kA nimna puSpikA vAkya kI tulanA kiijie| "iya siri caMdappahacarie mahAkavve mahAkaijasakittiviraie mahAbhavva siddhapAla savaNabhUsaNe caMdappaha sAmi NivvANa gamaNa vaNNaNo NAma eyArahamo sandhi paricchepro smtto|" donoM ke puSpikA vAkya bhinnatA ke dyotaka haiN| pANDava purANa ke kartA ne apane se pUrvavartI prAcAryoM kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyaa| hAM apanI bhaTTAraka paramparA kA avazya kiyA hai| madanakoti ahasAsa prastuta madanakIti vAdIndra vizAla kIrti ke ziSya the| aura bar3e bhArI vidvAna the| inakI zAsanacatustriM 1.jieNaseNa siddhaseNa vi bhayata, paravAi-dappa-bhajaNa-kayata / -candaprabha cariu prazasti

Page #438
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 4.4 zatikA nAmakI choTI sI racanA hai jisakI padya sakhyA 35 hai| jo eka prakAra se tIrtha kSetroM kA stavana hai, unameM podanapara ke bAhabalI, zrIpUra ke pArzvanAtha, zaMkhajinezvara, dhArA ke pArzva jina, dakSiNa ke gommaTa jina, nAgadrahajina, medapATa (mevADa) ke nAgaNigrAma ke mallijinezvara, mAlavA ke magalapura ke abhinandana jina, puppapura (paTanA) ke pUSpadanta, pazcima samudra ke candraprabha jina, narvadA nadA ke jala se abhipakta zAntiAjana pAvApura ke vIra jina, giranAra ka neminAtha, campA ka vAmapUjya Adi tIryA kA stavana kiyA gyaa| stavanI meM aneka aitihAsika ghaTanAoM kA ullekha prakita hai Ara umaka pratyeka padya ke antima caraNa meM digvAsasAM zAsanama' vAkya dvArA digamvara zAsana kA jayaghoSa kiyA gayA hai| mAlava deza ke magalapura meM mleccho ka pratAra kA prAgamana batalAte hue likhA hai ki vahA abhinandana jina kI mati ko tor3a diye jAna para vaha punaH jur3a gii| isa ghaTanA kA ulnagya vividha tIrtha kalpa ke pR057 para abhinandana kalpa nAma se kiyA gayA hai| zrI manmAlavadeza maMgalapure mlecchapratApAgate, bhannAtirathobhiyojitAzarAH sampUrNatA maayyau| yasyopadravanAzinaH kalayuga'neka prabhAdayaM taH, sazrImAnabhinandanaH sthirayata digvAsasA zAsanam // 34 // isa padya ma jA mnacchA ka pratApa ka yAgamana kA bAna rakhA hai vaha ma01246 ke bAda kI ghaTanA hai| isase itanA gora spaSTa hai ki madanakAta kima kA 15 snaad| vidvAn AgAdhara ka samakAlIna hai| pa0 pAzAdhara ne prazasti ma 'madana kAti yati pA niA vAkya ka sApa unakA ulnakha bhA kiyA hai| pAzrama pattana meM ghaTita ghaTanA kA ulna muni madanakAti zAsana catusvizikA ke nimna 28ve padya meM kiyA hai| pUrva yA zramanAjagAmasAratA nAthAbhyudivyAzilA, tasyA devagaNa / dvijasya daghatastathA |jneshH svayaM / kopAdviprajanArAdhanakaraH devaH prapUjyAmbare, dadhe yA munisuvrataH sa jayatAt digvAsasA zAsanam // 28 // batalAyA hai ki jA zalA sAratA . ph| prAyama kA prApta hu| usa para devagaNA ko dhAraNa karane vAla vipro kadvArA kAdhavaza pravarAvahAna paragA munisuvrata |jnsvr usa para sthita hae-vahA se phira nahI haTe. aura devo dvArA AkAza meM pUAjata hue, va muni suvrata jina ! digmbr| ka zAsana kI jaya kr| prAzrama pattana nAma kA yaha sthAna jA vatamAna ma kazArAya pATana ka nAma ma prasiddha hai| kATA se no mIla Tara pAra badI sa tIna mIla dUra cambala nadA ka kinAra avAsthata hai| yaha cambala nd| kATA pAra badI kI sImA kA vibhAjana karatA hai / isa nadA ka kinAra munimuvratanAtha kA catyAlaya hai jA tIrtha sthAna ke rUpa maprasida nami canda siddhAnta davAra brahmadava yahA rahata ya / sAmarAja zraSThA bhAvahA pAkara tattva carcA kA rasa latA thaa| mi. canTa siddhAnta davana ukta sAma rAjazraSThA ka lie dravya saMgraha (padAtha lakSaNa) kI racanA kA tho, aura brahmadeva ne usakI vatti banAI thaa| isa tItha kI yAtrA karana lie dUra se yAtrI pAte hai| rAjazekhara sari (sa0 1405) naapane catuvizAta prabandha meM likhA hai ki madana kauti ne cArI dizAmro vAdiyo ko jItakara unhona 'mahA prAmANika car3AmaNi' padavI prApta kI thii| unhoMne madana kIti prabandha meM likhA 1. 'assAramma paTTaNa muni sunvaya jiNa ca vdaami'|-nirvaannkaanndd 'maNi suvvau jiNa taha aasrmmi'| muni udayakIrti kRta nirvANa bhakti 2. dekhiye, dravya saMgraha kI brahmadeva kRta vRtti kI utthAnikA, aura dravya saMgraha ke kartA aura TIkAkAra ke samaya para vicAra nAmakA lekhaka kA lekha / -anekAnta varSa 16 ki0 1.2 pR0 145

Page #439
terahavIM aura caudahavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, vidvAna aura kavi 405 hai ki eka bAra madana kIti guru ke niSedha karane para bhI ve dakSiNA patha ko prayANa karake karnATaka pahaMce / vahA vidvapriya vijayapUra nareza kuntibhoja unake pANDitya para mohita ho ge| grAra unhAne unase apane pUrvajo ke carita para eka grantha kI racanA karane ke lie kahA / kuntI bhAja kI kanyA madana majarI mAvikA thii| madana koni padya racanA karate jAte the aura madana majarI parde kA prADa meM baiThakara use likhatA jAtA thii| kucha samaya bAda una dAnA ke madhya prema kA AvirbhAva huA, aura ve eka dUsare ko cAhane lge| rAjA kA jA sakA na ca nA tA umo madanakAni ke vadha karane kI AjJA de dii| parantu jaba taka kanyA bhI unake lie apanA maTeliyA ka mAmale ke lie taiyAra ho gaI, taba rAjA ne lAcara hA una donA ko vivAha mutra vAgha diyaa| madanakoti annAtaka gahamya hI rahe, guru vAdIndra vizAla kIrti ke patroM dvAga bAra-bAra praddha kiye jAne para bhI prayuddha nahI daa| taya vigAla kIti svaya bhI dakSiNa kI ora apane zippa kA pravuddha karana ke nae ge| prAra kAlhApura prAnta jI kA' nAmaka grAma meM gae, vahA~ muni somadeva ne vAdIndra vizAlakIti kI veyAvatya meM 'zabdArNava' ko 'candrikA' nAma kA vatti zaka sa0 1127 (vi. 1262) meM banAI thii| sabhavataH ve anta samaya meM paDhita aAgAdhara jo kI mUktiyo me prabuddha hue ho| prAra munisuvrata kAvyAdi prazasti padyo ke anusAra ve ahaMdAsa hA gae hA / kavi ahaMdAsa yaha sunizcita ha ka kAva prAzAdhara ke ziSya nh| the| va unA samakAlAna ya unakI jina vacana rUpa sUktiyoM se prabhAvita the / ekA mu.na mujata kAya, pumdava campU pAra gavya jana kaNThAbharaNa antima prazasti padyA se spaSTa pratIta hotA hai| bahuta rAbhava hai ki kavi rAgamAva ke kAraNa zraSTha mAsacyuta hA gae the| pAra vahata kAla bhaTakane ke pazcAt kAlalAbdha vaza va bhraSTamArga se puna: mnm|g ma lATa pAya th| yaha bAta yathArtha jAna par3atI hai| jaisA ki muni suvratakAvya kI prazasti sa prakaTa hai : "dhAvankApatha sabhate bhavavane sAnmAga mekaM param / tyaktvA dhAntatarazcirAya kathamayyAsAdya kaalaadmum| saddharmAmatamuddhata jinavacaH kSIrodadharAdarAta, pAyaM pAya mitaH zramaH sukhapatha dAso bhavAmyahata. // 64 // arthAta -'tamArga gabhara hue mamAra rUpA vana meM jA eka thaSTha mAga thA, usa chor3akara ma bahata kAla taka bhaTakatA rahA / anta meM bahuta thakakara kamA taraha kAlalAbdha yA 37 phira pAyA / sA ava jina vacanarUpa se uddhata kiye hue dhamAbhRta kA santApapUvaka pI-pAkara pAra |vgt zrama hAkara meM ahad bhagavAna kA dAsa hotA hai|' mithyAtva rUpa karma paTala se bahuta kAla taka DhakA huI merI dAnA prAya jA kumAga meM hI jAtI thI, AzAghara kI uktiyoM ke viziSTa ajana se svaccha ho gai aura isalie aba maiM satpatha kA prAthayaletA h| jaisA ki nimna padya se prakaTa hai: mithyAtva karmapaTalazciramAvRte meM yugme dRzaM kupthyaannidaanbhuute| prAzAdharokti lasadaMjana saMprayogeracchIkRte pTathala satpathamAzrito'smi // 65 / / parudeva campa ke anta me kavi ne mithyAtva karma rUpa paka se gadale apane mAnama ko AzAdhara kI mUktiyoM kI nirmalI se svaccha hone kA bhAva prakaTa kiyA hai| bhavya kaNThAbharaNa pajikA meM AzAdhara kI sUktiyo kI bar3I prazasA kI gaI hai / isase lagatA hai ki madana 1. mithyAtva paMkakalupe mama mAnasaM'gminnAzAdharokti katkaprasara prasanna / ullAsitena zaradA purudeva bhaktayA taccampu dabhajalajena samujjajambhe / / 1 2. sUktyaiva teSA bhavabhIravo ye gRhAzramasthA zcaritAtmadharmAH / ta eca zeSA zramiNAM sahAya dhanyAH syurAzAdharasUrimukhyAH / / 236

Page #440
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 kIrti anta meM prAzAdhara kI sUktiyoM ke prabhAva se prahaMdAsa bana gaye hoM, to koI Azcarya nahIM hai, kyoMki A~kheM aura mana donoM hI rAga bhAva meM kAraNa hai| to jaba hRdaya mana aura netra sabhI svaccha ho gaye--rAgarUpI aMjana jJAnArjana se dhula gayA aura AtmA arhanta kA dAsa bana gyaa| yaha saba kathana kupatha se sanmArga meM Ane kI ghaTanA kA saMdyotaka hai| premI jI ne jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa ke pR0 350 meM likhA hai ki-"ina padyoM meM spaSTa hI unakI sUktiyAM unake sadgranthoM kA hI saMketa hai jinake dvArA arhaddAsa ko sanmArga kI prApti huI thI, guru-zipyatva kA nhiiN| hAM, caturviti-pravandha kI pUrvokta kathA ko par3hane ke bAda hamArA yaha kalpanA karane ko jI avazya hotA hai ki kahI madanakIti hI to kumArga meM Thokare khAte-khAte anta meM prAzAdhara kI sUktiyoM se ahaMddAsa na bana gaye hoN| pUrvokta granthoM meM jo bhAva vyakta kiye gae hai, unase to isa kalpanA ko bahuta puSTi milatI hai|" inakA samaya vikrama kI 13vI zatAbdI hai| bhAvasena vidya bhAvamena nAma ke tIna vidvAnoM kA ullekha milatA hai| unameM eka bhAvasena kASThAsaMgha lADavAgaDa gaccha ke vidAna gopasena ke ziSya aura jayasena ke guru the| jayasena ne apanA 'dharmaratnAkara' nAmaka saskRta grantha vikrama saMvat 1055 (san 198) meM samApta kiyA thA / ataH ye bhAvamena vikrama kI 11vIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArdha ke vidvAna hai| dUsare bhAvamena bhI kApThAsaMgha mAthuragaccha ke prAcArya the| yaha dharmasena ke zipya aura sahasrakIti ke guru the| inakA samaya vikrama kI 15vIM zatAbdI hai| ina donoM bhAvasenA se prastuta bhAvasena vidya bhinna haiN| yaha dakSiNa bhArata ke vidvAna the| yaha malasagha sena gaNa ke vidvAna AcArya the| aura zravidya ko upAdhi se alaMkRta the| yaha upAdhi una mAnoM ko dI jAtI thI, jo zabdAgama, nAgama aura paramAgama meM nipuNa hote the / senagaNa kI padAvalI meM inakA lekha nimna prakAra hai:-'parama zabda brahma svarUpa trividyAdhipa paravAdi parvatavajradaNDa zrI bhAvasena bhaTTArakANAma (jaina si0 bhA0 varSa 11038) bhAvasena travidya deva apane samaya ke prabhAvazAlI vidvAna jJAta hote hai / inhoMne apanI racanAoM meM svayaM travidya ravAhi parvata vajriNA upAdhiyo kA ullekha kiyA hai, jisase yaha vyAkaraNa ke sAtha darzanazAstra ke viziSTa jAna paDate hai| isIlie ve vAdirUpI parvato ke liye vajra ke samAna the| inakI racanAe bhI vyAkaraNa ora darzanazAstra para upalabdha hai| vizvatatva prakAza kI prazasti ka 5va padya ma apane ko paTatarka, zabdazAstra, azeSa gaTAMta, vaidyaka, kavitva sagIta aura nATaka Adi kA bhI vidvAna sUcita kiyA hai| yathA-SaTatarka zabdazAstraM svaparamatagatAzeSarAddhAntapakSaH vaidyaM vAkya vilekhyaM viSamasamavibhada prayuktaM kavitvam / saMgIta sarvakAvyaM sarasakavikRtaM nATakaM vetsi samyaga, vidyatve pravRttistava kathamavanI bhAvasenavratIndram // 5 bhAvanena vidya ne apane vyavahAra ke sambandha meM vizvatattva prakAza ke anta meM likhA hai ki-'darbalo ke 1. vANendriya vyoma somamite saMvatsare zubhe / 1055 / grantho'yaM siddhatAM yAta sabalI kara hATa ke|| -dharma ratnAkara prazasti 2. zravaNa velagola ke san 1115 ke zilAlekhoM meM meghacanda vidya ko, siddhAnta meM bIrasena SaTtaka meM akalaMka deva aura vyAkaraNa meM pUjyapAda ke samAna batalAyA haiN| aura narenda kIrti vidya ko bhI- 'tarka vyAkaraNa-siddhAntA mburuhavana dina kara medasida zrIman narendakIti vidya devara,' nAma se ullekha kiyA hai| jaina lekha saM0bhA0 3 pu062

Page #441
terahavIM aura caudahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, cAcArya aura kavi 407 prati merA anugraha rahatA hai, samAnoM ke prati saujanya, praura zreSThoM ke prati sanmAna kA vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai kintu jo apanI buddhi ke garva se uddhata hokara spardhA karate haiN| unake garvarUpI parvata ke lie mere vacana vajra ke samAna hote haiN| kSINe'nugrahakAritA samajane saujanyamAtmAdhike, saMmAnaM'nutabhAvasena munipe vidyadeve mayi / siddhAnto'tha mayApi yaH svadhiSaNA garvoddhataH kevalaM, saMspardheta tadIyagarvakudhare vajApate madvacaH / / inakI kRtiyoM kI puSpikAoM aura antima padyoM meM, paravAdigiri surezvara, bAdiparvata vajrabhRt vAkyoM kA ullekha milatA hai jiname unake tarkazAstra meM niSNAta vidvAna hone kI sUcanA milatI hai yathA bhAvasena trividyAryo vAdiparvatavanabhata siddhAntasAra zAstra'smina pramANaM pratyayopadat // 102 iti paravAdigiri surezvara zrImad bhAvasena traividya deva viracite siddhAntasAre mokSazAstre pramANanirUpaNaM nAma prathamaH pricchedH|| kAtaMtra rUpamAlA ke anta meM bhI unhoMne 'vidya aura vAdiparvata vajriNA upAdhi kA ullekha kiyA hai: bhAvasena vidyena vAdiparvata vjrinnaa| kRtAyAM rUpamAlAyAM kRdantaH paryapUryataH / / samaya bhAvasena traividha kA amarApura gAMva ke nikaTa, jo Andhra pradeza ke anantapura jile meM nimna samAdhilekha aMkita hai| "zrI mUlasaMgha senagaNada vAdigiri vajradaMDamappa / bhAvasenatra vidyacakravatiya niSidhiH // " isa lekha kI lipi terahavIM sadI ke adhika anukUla vatalAI jAtI hai| yadi yaha lipi kAla ThIka hai to IsA kI 13vI zatAbdI kA antima bhAga honA caahie| DaoN0 vidyAdhara joharApUrakara ne likhA hai ki veda prAmANya kI carcA meM bhAvasena ne 'turuSka zAstra' ko (pR0 80 aura 18 meM) bahujana sammata kahA hai| dakSiNa bhArata meM muslima sattA kA vistAra alAuddIna khilajI ke samaya huA hai| alAuddIna ne san 1266 (vi01353) se 1315 (vi0 sa0 1372) taka 16 varSa rAjya kiyA hai| isase bhI bhAvasena IsA kI 13vI ke upAntya meM aura vikrama kI 14vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna the| aisA jAna par3atA hai| racanAeM DaoN. vidyAdhara joharApurakara ne 'vizvatattva prakAza' kI prastAvanA meM bhAvasena kI daza racanAe~ batalAI haiM-vizvatattva prakAza, pramAprameya, kathA vicAra, zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa TIkA, kAtantrarUpamAlA, nyAya sUryAvalI, bhukti maktivicAra, siddhAntasAra, nyAyadIpikA aura sapta padArthI ttiikaa| ye racanAeM sAmane nahIM haiN| isalie ina saba ke sambandha meM likhanA zakya nahIM haiM / yahAM unakI tIna racanAmoM kA saMkSipta paricaya diyA jAtA hai| vizvatatva prakAza mAlUma hotA hai yaha gRddhapicchAcArya ke tattvArthaviSayaka maMgala padya ke 'jJAtAraM vizva tattvAnAM' vAkya para vistata vicAra kiyA hai, isIse puSpikA meM 'mokSazAstra vizvatattva prakAze' rUpa meM ullekha kiyA hai, aura yaha grantha usakA prathama pariccheda hai / isase spaSTa jAnA jAtA hai ki lekhaka ne tattvArtha sUtra ke maMgalAcaraNa para vizAla grantha likhane kA prayAsa kiyA thaa| isake anya paccheida likhe gaye yA nahIM kucha mAlUma nahIM hotaa| pramA pramaya-yaha grantha bhI dArzanika carcA se ota-prota hai| isake maMgala padya meM to 'pramA prameyaM prakaTaM

Page #442
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 pravakSye' vAkya dvArA pramAprameya grantha ko banAne kI pratijJA kI gaI haiM / kintu antima puSpikA vAkya meM ime siddhAMtasAra mokSa zAstra kA pahalA prakaraNa batalAyA hai: -' iti paravAdigiri surezvara zrImad bhAvamena trevidyadeva viracite siddhAntasAre mokSa zAstre pramANa nirUpaNaH prathamaH paricchedaH / ye donoM granthakartA ko dArzanika kRti haiM / aura donoM hI grantha DaoN0 vidyAdhara joharApurakara dvArA sampAdita hokara 'jIvarAja granthamAlA' zolApura se prakAzita ho cuke haiM / kAtaMtrarUpamAlA- isameM zarvavamAMkRta kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke sUtroM ke anusAra zabda rUpoM kI siddhi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / isa grantha ke prathama sandarbha meM 574 sUtroM dvArA sandhi, nAma, samAsa aura taddhita kA varNana hai / aura dUsare sandarbha meM 806 sUtroM dvArA tiGganta va kRdanta kA varNana hai / 408 paMDita pravara zrAzAdhara mahAkavi AzAdhara vikrama kI 13 vI zatAbdI ke pratibhA sampanna vidvAna the| unake bAda una jaisA pratibhAzAlI bahuzruta vidvAna granthakartA aura jainadharma kA udyotaka dUsarA kavi nahI hugrA / nyAya, vyAkaraNa, kAvya, alaMkAra, zabdakoza, dharmazAstra, yogazAstra aura vaidyaka Adi vividha viSayoM para unakA asAdhAraNa adhikAra thaa| unakI lekhanI askhalita, gambhIra aura viSaya kI spaSTa vivecaka hai| unakI pratibhA kevala jaMna zAstroM taka hI sImita nahI thI, pratyuta anya bhAratIya granthoM kA unhoMne kevala adhyayana hI nahI kiyA thA, kintu 'grapTAMga hRdaya' kAvyAlaMkAra aura amarakoza jaise granthoM para unhoMne TIkAeM bhI racI thI / kintu kheda hai ki ve TIkAeM grava upalabdha nahI haiM | mAlavapati arjunavarmA ke rAjaguru bAlasarasvatI kavi madana ne unake samIpa kAvyazAstra kA adhyayana kiyA thA / aura vindhya varmA ke sandhi vigrahika mantrI bilhaNa kavIza ne unakI pragamA kI hai| unheM mahA vidvAna yatipati madana kIrtine 'prajJApuMja' kahA hai aura udayamena muni ne jinakA 'nayavizvacakSu' 'kAvyAmRtIgha rasapAna sutRpta gAtra' tathA 'kalikAlidAsa' jaise vizeSaNa padoM se grabhinandana kiyA hai / ora vindhyavarmA rAjA ke mahAsandhi vigrahika mantrI (pararASTra saciva) kavIza vilhaNa ne jina kI ekazloka dvArA 'sarasvatI putra' Adi ke rUpa meM prazaMsA ko hai / yaha saba sammAna unakI udAratA aura vizAla vidvattA ke kAraNa prApta huA hai / usa samaya unake pAsa aneka muniyoM vidvAnoM, bhaTTArakoM ne adhyayana kiyA hai| vAdIndra vidyAlakIrti ko unhoMne nyAyazAstra kA adhyayana karAyA thA, aura bhaTTAraka vinayacandra ko dharmazAstra par3hAyA thaa| ora aneka vyaktiyoM ko vidyAdhyayana karAkara unake jJAna kA vikAsa kiyA thA / unakI kRtiyoM kA dhyAna meM samIkSaNa karane para unake vizAla pANDitya kA sahaja hI patA cala jAtA hai / unakI anagAra dharmAmata kI TIkA isa bAta kI pratIka hai| usameM jJAta hotA hai ki paNDita AzAdhara jI ne upalabdha jaina jainenara sAhitya kA gArA adhyayana kiyA thaa| ve apane samaya ke udbhaTa vidvAna the, prora unakA vyaktitva mahAna thA / aura rAjya mAna vidvAna the / I janmabhUmi zraura vaMza paricaya paM0 prazAdhara aura unakA parivAra mUlataH mAMDalagar3ha (mevAr3a) ke nivAsI thA / zrAzAdhara kA janma vahIM huA thA / ataH AzAdhara kI janmabhUmi mAMDalagar3ha thii| vahAM ve apane jIvana ke daza-pandraha varSa hI bitA pAye the ki san 1292 (vi0 saM0 1246 ) meM zahAbuddIna gorI ne pRthvIrAja ko kaidakara dillI ko apanI rAjadhAmI banAyA, aura ajamera para adhikAra kiyaa| nava gorI ke AkramaNa se saMtrasta ho aura cAritra kI rakSA ke lie ve saparikara bahuta logoM ke sAtha mAlavadeza kI rAjadhAnI dhArA meM zrAvase the / usa samaya dhArA nagarI mAlavarAjya 1. AgAdhara tvaM mayi viddhi siddha nisargasaundarya majarya mAyaM / sarasvatIputratayA yadetadarthe paraM vAcamayaM prapaJcaH ||6 2. mlecchezena sarAdalakSaviSaye vyApte suvRttakSanitrAsAdvindhyanarendadoH parimalamphUrjastrivargojasi / prApto mAlava maNDale bahuparIvAraH purImAvasan, yo dhArAmapaThajjinapramitivAkzAstraM mahAvIrataH // 5 - anagAradharmAmRtaprazasti

Page #443
terahavIM aura caudahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya aura kavi 406 kI rAjadhAnI thI, aura vidyA kA kendra banI haI thii| aura mAlavarAjya kA zAsaka paramAra vaMzI nareza vindhyavarmA thaa| mahAkavi madana kI pArijAta majarI ke anusAra uma vizAla nagarI meM corAsI corAhe the| vahAM aneka dezoM aura dizAoM ge pAne vAle vidvAnoM ora kalA-kovido kI bhIr3a lagI rahatI thii| yadyapi vahAM aneka vidyApITha the, kitu una rAba meM khyAtiprApta zAradA madana nAmaka vizAla vidyApITha thaa| vahA~ aneka pratiSThita zrAvakoM jainavidvAnoM aura zramaNoM kA nivAma thA, jo dhyAna, adhyayana aura adhyApana meM maMlagna rahate the| ina saba se dhArA nagarI usa samaya sampanna aura samaddhi ko prApta thii| AzAdhara ne dhArA meM nivAsa karate hae paNDita zrIdhara ke ziSya paNDita mahAvIra meM nyAya grIra vyAkaraNa zAstra kA adhyayana kiyA thA / inakI jAti vagharavAla thii| pitA kA nAma 'mallakhaNa' aura mAtA kA nAma 'zrI ratnI' thaa| patnI kA nAma sarasvatI aura putra kA nAma chADa thA, jisane arjunabhUpati ko anuraMjita kiyA thaa| isake sivAya inake parivAra kA aura koI ullekha nahI miltaa| paM0 prAzAdhara arjunavarmA ke rAjya kAla meM hI jaina dharma kA udyota karane ke lie dhArA me nalakacchapura (nAlachA) meM cale gaye the / yadyapi pa0 prAzAdhara ne apane jIvana kAla meM dhArA ke rAjya mihAmana para pAMca gajAnoM ko baiThe hae dekhA thA / kintu unakI upalabdha racanA, devapAla aura unake putra jaitugiva ke rAya kAla meM racI gaI thiiN| isIse kI prazastiyoM meM ukta dono gajAmoM kA ulnekha milatA hai| nAlachA meM usa samaya aneka dharmaniSTha zrAvakoM kA prAvAsa thaa| vahA kA neminAtha kA mandira pAzAdhara ke adhyayana aura grantha racanA kA sthala thaa| vaha unakA eka prakAra kA vidyApITha thA, jahAM nIga-nIma varpa raha kara unhone aneka grantha rane, unakI TIkArA likhI gaI, aura adhyApana kArya bhI sampanna kiyaa| jainadharma grora jaina mAhitya ke abhyudaya ne lie kiyA gayA paNDitapravara AzAghara kA yaha mahatvapUrNa kArya unakI kIrti ko amara gvvegaa| saMvata 1282 meM prAgAdhara jI nAlachA se malakhaNapura gare the| uga samaya vahAM aneka dhArmika zrAvaka rahate the| malha kA putra nAgadeva bhI banAnA nivAmI thA, jo mAlava rAjya ke cagI grAdi vibhAga meM kArya karatA thaa| aura yathAzakti dharma kA sAdhana bhI karatA thaa| AzAdhara usa samaya gaharathAcArya the| nAgadeva kI preraNA se 1. "ca mI catApa magadana pradha nepAladigannaropaganAne kavi maradAvalA-vovida rasika sUkavi sNkuule| 2. "yo dhAgamAThajina pramiti vAvagAra mhaaviirtH||" 3 'yaH putraM chAI gupa ramilArjanabhUtim' / 4. 'zrImadarjunabhUpAna gajye zrAvaka sNkule| jainadharmodayArtha yo nala kacchapure vamat / / nalakacchapara no nAnandrA kahate hai| yaha sthAna pArA nagarI ge 10 komakI darI sthita hai| yahA aba bhI jaina mandira aura kucha zrAvako ke ghara hai| 5. sAdhomaMditava gavaMzamumaNeH sajjana cuDAmaNeH / mAlhAkhyAraya sutaH pratIta mahimA zrI nAgadevo'bhavat // 1 paH zulkAdipadepa mAlavapateH nAvAni yuktaM zivaM / zrI mallakSaNayA svamAthitavasa kA prApayataH zriyaM / / 2 zrImatkezava menAryavarya vAkyAdupeyupA / pAkSika zrAvakIbhAvaM tenamAlava maMDale // 3 rAllakSaNapure tiSThan gRhasthAcArya kujaraH / paNDitAzAdharo bhaktyA vijJaptaH samyagekadA / prAyeNarAjakArye'varuddha dharmAzritasya me / bhAdraMkiMcidanuSTheyaM vratamAdizyatAmiti // 5 tatastena samIkSo vai paramAgamavistaraM / upaviSTa satAmiSTatasyAyaM vidhisattamaH / / tenAnyaizca yathA shktirbhvbhiitrnusstthitH| graMtho budhAzAghareNa saddharmArtha matho kRtH||7 vikramArka vyazItyaradvAdazAbdazatAtyaye / dazamyA pazcime (bhAge) kRSNe prathatAM kathA // palI zrI nAgadevasya maMdyAddharmeNa naayikaa| yAsIdratnatrayavidhi caratInAM pursmrii| -ralatraya vidhi prazasti

Page #444
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 410 unhoMne usakI patnI ke lie 'ratnatraya - vidhAna' kI racanA kI thii| usakI prazasti ke caturtha padya meM unhoMne apane ko 'gRhasthAcArya ku'jara' batalAyA hai, jaisA ki usake nimna padya se spaSTa hai: sallakSaNapure tiSThan gRhasthAcAryakuMjaraH / paNDitAzAdharo bhaktyA vijJaptaH samyagekadA // 4 // mAlavanareza arjunavarma deva kA bhAdrapada sudI 15 budhavAra saM0 1272 kA likhA huA dAnapatra milA hai / usake anta meM likhA hai - 'racitamidaM mahAsandhi0 rAjA salakhaNa saMmatena rAjaguruNA madanena / " isase spaSTa hai ki yaha dAna patra mahAsandhi vigrahika maMtrI rAjA salakhaNa kI sammati me rAjaguru madana ne racA / sambhava hai AzAdhara ke pitA salakhaNa arjunavarmA ke mahAsandhi vigrahika maMtrI bana gaye hoM / paNDita prazAra gRhastha vidvAna the aura ve antima jIvana taka sambhavataH gRhastha zrAvaka hI rahe hai / hAM jina sahastra nAma kI racanA karate samaya ve saMsAra ke deha-bhogoM se udAsIna ho gae the, aura unakA mohAveza zithila ho gayA thA, jaisA ki usake nimna vAkyoM se pragaTa hai : prabho bhavAMgabhogeSu nirviNNo dukhabhIrukaH / eSavijJApayAmi tvAM zaraNyaM karuNArNavam / 1 zradya mohagrahAvezazaithilyAtkiJci dunmukhaH sahastra nAma kI racanA sa0 1285 ke bAda nahIM huI vaha sa0 1296 se pUrva ho cukI thI, kyoMki jinayajJakalpakI prazasti meM usakA ullekha hai / ataH ve 1296 se kucha pUrva ve udAsIna zrAvaka gaye the 1 racanAe ApakI 20 racanAoM kA ullekha milatA hai / unameM se sambhavataH sAta racanAeM prApta nahI huI / jinakI khoja karane kI AvazyakatA hai| zeSa 13 racanAoM meM se 5 racanAoM meM racanA kAla pAyA jAtA hai| ATha racanAoM meM racanAkAla nahI diyA / 1 prameya ratnAkara - ise granthakAra ne syAdvAda vidyAkA nirmala prasAda batalAyA hai yaha gadya-padyamaya grantha hogA, jo aprApya hai / 2 bharatezvarAbhyudaya - (siddhayaka) isake pratyeka sarga ke antima vRtta meM 'siddhi' zabda AyA hai, svopajJa TIkA sahita hai aura usameM RSabhadeva ke putra bharata ke abhyudaya kA varNana hai / yaha kAvya grantha bhI aprApya hai / 13 jJAnadIpikA - yaha sAgAra anagAra dharmAmRta kI svopajJa paMjikA hai, jo aba aprApya ho gaI hai / bhaTTAraka yazaHkIti ke kezariyA jI ke sarasvatI bhavana kI sUcI meM 'dharmAmRtapajikA' AzAdhara kI upalabdha hai, jo saM0 1541 kI likhA huI hai / sambhava hai yaha vahI ho, anveSaNa karanA caahie| 4 rAjImatI vipralaMbha - yaha eka khaNDa kAvya hai, svopajJa TIkA sahita hai| isameM rAjImatI aura neminAtha ke viyoga kA kathana hai, yaha bhI aprApya hai / I 5 adhyAtma rahasya - yaha 72 zlokAtmakagrantha hai, jise kavine apane pitAkI AjJA se banAyA thaa| isakI prati ajamera ke zAstrabhaMDAra se mukhtAra sA0 ko prApta huI thI, jise unhoMne hindI TIkAke sAtha vIrasevAmandira se prakAzita kiyA hai / yaha adhyAtma viSayakA grantha hai / isameM mrAtmA paramAtmA aura donoM ke sambandha kI yathArtha vastusthiti kA rahasya yA marma udghATita kiyA gayA hai| AcArya kundakunda ne AtmA ke bahirAtmA, antarAtmA aura paramAtmA ye tIna bheda kiye haiM paM0 prAzAdhara jI ne svAtmA, zuddhasvAtmA aura parabrahma ye tIna bheda kiye haiM aura unake svarUpa tathA prApti Adi kA kathana kiyA hai / grantha manana karane yogya hai / 6 mUlArAdhanA TIkA - yaha zivArya ke prAkRta bhagavatI mrArAdhanA kI TIkA hai| jo aparAjita sUri kI TIkA ke sAtha prakAzita ho cukI hai / 7 iSTopadeza TIkA - yaha AcArya devanandI (pUjyapAda) ke prasiddha grantha kI TIkA hai, jo sAgaracandra ke ziSya

Page #445
411 terahavIM aura caudahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, prAcArya aura kavi muni vinacandra ke anurodha me banAI yo / yora vaha hindI TokA ke sAtha vAra sevAmandira meM prakAzita ho cukI hai / 8 bhUpAla catuvizati TIkA - yaha bhapAla kavi ke caturviMzati stAtra kI TIkA hai, jA ukta vinayacandra muni ke liye banAI gaI thI, aura bambaI se prakAzita ho cukI hai / 6 zrArAdhanAsAra TIkA - yaha devamena ke prAkRta ArAdhanAsAra kI 7 patrAtmaka ora ma0 1581 kI likhI huI sakSipta TIkA hai, jo ukta vinayacandra muni ke uparodhame racI gaI hai aura grAmera ke zAstra bhaDAra meM upalabdha hai, usakA Adi zranta bhAga isa prakAra hai : - praNamya paramAtmAnaM svazaktyAzAdharaH sphuTa: / zrArAdhanAsAragUDha padArthA kathayAmyahaM // 1 vimaletyAdi / vimalebhyaH kSINakaSAyaguNebhyo'tizayena vimalA vipalatarA zuddhatarAH gaNA paramAvagADha samyagdarzanAdayaH / siddhaM jIvanmukta jagatpratItaM vA / surasena vaMdi - sahai ve svAmibhirvartane senAH sa svAmikAH nija nija svAmiyukta catuNikAya devaistathA devamena nAmnA granthakRtA namaskRtamityarthaH / zrArAhaNAsAraM samyagdarzanAdI mudyotanAdya pAya paMcakArAdhanA tasyAH sa samyagdarzanAdi catuSTayaM tayA tasyai vA rAdhanA tayopAdeya valAt // 1 // vinayacandramunerhatA rAzAdharakavIzvaraH / sphuTamArAdhanAsAra TippanaM kRtavAnidam // upalabdha hai / upazama iva mUrta sAgarandrAnmunIndrA'darjAni vinayacandraH saccakokacandraH / jagadamRta sagarbhAH zAstrasaMdarbhagarbhAH zuci caritavariSNo yasya dhinvativAcaH // evamArAdhanAsAra gUDhArtha (pada) vivRtiH / ziSye taM zreyorthino bodhayituM kRtAmatA // zrI vinayacandrArthamityAzAdhara viracitArAdhanAsAra vivRttiH samAptA / zubham svasti zrAdijina praNamya, saM0 1581 cha / / 10 amarakoza TIkA - yaha amarasiha ke prasiddha kopa kI TIkA hai jo aprApya hai / 11 kriyAkalApa - isakI 52 patrAtmaka prati ai0 pannAlAla di0 jaina sarasvatI bhavana bambaI me 12 kAvyAlaMkAra TIkA - yaha rudraTa ke kAvyAnakAra kI TIkA hai / 13 sahasra nAma svopajJavivRti sahita - yaha grantha apanI svopajJa vivRti aura zrutasAgara sUri kI TIkA tathA hindI TIkA ke sAtha bhAratIya jJAnapITha se prakAzita ho cukA hai| isa TIkA kI prati muni vinayacandra ne likhI thI / 14 jinayajJakalpa saTIka - yaha mUla grantha prakAzita ho cukA hai / parantu isakI svopajJa TIkA abhI zraprApta hai / grantha me pratiSThAsambandhi kriyAzro kA vistRta varNana hai| mahAkavi AzAdhara ne yaha grantha vi0 saM0 1285 me paramaravazI rAjA devapAla ke rAjya me nala kacchapura ke neminAtha caityAlaya me pApA sAdhu ke anurAdha se banAkara samApta kiyA thaa| jaisA ki usake prazasti padyase prakaTa hai : :-- 1. pUrI gAthA isa prakAra hai : vimalayara guNasamiddha siddha' suraseNa vaMdiyaM sirasA / miUNa mahAvIraM vocchaM ArAhaNAsAraM // 1 // 2. khADalyAnvaya bhUSaraNAlharaNa sutaH sAgAradharmerato, vAstavyo nalakaccha cArunagare karttA paropakriyAm / sarvajJAnapAtradAnasamayodyota pratiSThAgraNI, pApAsASurakAyatpunarimaM kRtvoparodhaM muhuH // - jina yajJakalpa pra0

Page #446
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 vikrama varSa sapaMcAzIti dvAdazazateSvatIteSu / AzvinasitAntyadivase sAhasamallA parAkhyasya / zrIdevapAla nRpateH pramArakulazekharasya saurAjye, nala kacchapure siddho granthoyaM neminAthacaityagRhe // 20 // 15 triSaSTi smRtizAstra saTIka-isameM tiresaTha zalAkA puruSoM kA carita jinasenAcArya ke mahApurANa ke AdhAra se atyanta saMkSepa meM likhA gayA hai / ise paMDita jI ne nitya svAdhyAya ke liye, jAjAka paNDita kI preraNA se racA thA / isakI Adyaprati khaNDelavAla kulotpanna dhInAka nAmaka thAvaka ne likhI thii| kavi ne isa grantha kI racanA vi0 saM0 1292 meM samApta kI hai, jaisA ki usakI antima prazasti ke nimna padyoM meM prakaTa hai : pramAravaMzavA?ndudevapAlanRpAtmaje / zrImajjaitugideve'si sthAmnAvantImavatyalam // 12 nalakacchapure zrImannemicaityAlaye'sidhat / grantho'yaM dvinavadvayekavikramArkasamAptaye // 13 nityamahodyota--yaha jinAbhiSeka (snAna zAstra) zrutasAgara sUrikA TIkA ke sAtha prakAzita ho cukA hai| 16 ratnatraya vidhAna-yaha grantha bahuta choTA-sA hai aura gadya meM likhA gayA hai, kucha padya bhI diye haiN| ise kavi ne salakhaNa pura ke nivAsI nAgadeva kI preraNA sa, jA paramAravazI rAjA deva pAla (sAhasamalla) ke rAjya meM zAlka vibhAga meM (cugI Adi TaMksa ke kArya meM) niyukta thA, usakI patnI ke liye sa0 1282 meM banAyA thaa| jaisA ki usakI prazasti ke nimna padyase prakaTa hai :... vikramAkaM vyshiitygrdvaadshaabdshtaatyye| dazamyAM pazcime (bhAge) kRSNa prathatAM kthaa| patnI zrInAgadevasya naMdyAddharmeNa yaayikaa| tAsIdratnatraryAvadhicaratInAM purasmarI // 17-18 sAgaradharmAmRta kI bhavyakumakcandrikA TIkA-- sAgAradharma kA varNana karane vAlA prastuta grantha paMDita jI ne paurapATAnvayI mahIcanda sAdhu kI preraNA se racA thA aura usIne isakI prathama pustaka likhakara taiyAra kii| isakI TIkA kI racanA vi0 sa0 1266 meM poSavadI 7 zukravAra ko huI hai' / isakA parimANa 4500 zloka pramANa hai| 19-20 anagAra dharmAmRta ko bhavya kumuda ndrikA TIkA kavi ne isa grantha kI racanA 654 zlokoM meM kI hai| dhaNacandra ora harideva kI preraNA se isakI TIkA kI racanA bAraha hajAra do so ilAkoM meM pUrNa kI hai, aura use vi0 saM0 1300 meM kArtika sudo 5 somavAra ke dina samApta kI thii| TIkA paDita jI ke vizAla pADitya kI dyotaka hai / isake adhyayana se unake vizAla adhyayana kA patA calatA hai / mANikacanda granthamAlA se isakA prakAzana san 1916 meM huA thaa| mUlagrantha ora saskRta TIkA donoM hI aprApya haiN| bhAratIya jJAnapITha ko isa granthako saskRta hindI TIkA ke sAtha prakAzita karanA cAhiye / grantha prameya bahula hai| narendrakoti vidya mulasaMgha koNDakUndAnvaya dezIyagaNa pustaka gaccha ke prAcArya sAgara nandi siddhAnta deva ke praziSya aura mani puGgava arhanandi ke ziSya the| jo tarka, vyAkaraNa aura siddhAnta zAstra meM nipuNa hone ke kAraNa vidya kahalAte the| inake sadharmA 36 guNamaNDita aura paMcAcAra nirata mUnicandra bhaTTAraka the| inakA ziSya deva yA devarAja thaa| yaha devarAja kauzika muni kI paramparA meM humA hai| kaDucarite ke devarAja ne sUranahalli meM eka jina mandira banavAyA thaa| usako hoyasala devarAjane sUranahalli' grAmadAna meM diyA thaa| ata: usane sUranahalli 40 hona meM se 10 hona isake liye nikAla diye, aura usakA nAma 'pArzvapura' rakha diyaa| devarAja ne municandra ke pAda prakSAlana dAna diyaa| 2. saMkSipyatAM purANAni nitya svAdhyAya siddhaye / iti paMDita jAjAkAdvijJaptiA prerikAtra meM ||-trisssstthi smRtizAstra

Page #447
terahavIM aura caudahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya aura kavi luIsarAisa ke anusAra isa lekha kA samaya 1154 I0 hai| yahI samaya sana 1154 (vi0 saM0 1211 narendrakIti traividya aura unake sadharmA municanda kA hai / vAsavasena mani vAsavasena ne apanA koI paricaya nahIM diyaa| aura na grantha meM racanA kAla hI diyaa| inako eka mAtra kRti yazodhara carita hai| usame itanA mAtra ullekha kiyA hai ki bAgaDAnvaya meM janma lena vAle vAsavamena kI yaha kRti hai-'kRti vAsavasenasya vAgaDAnvaya janmanaH / ' graya 8 sargAtmaka eka khaNDa kAvya hai / jisa meM rAjA yazodhara aura candramatI kA jIvana aMkita kiyA gayA hai / yazodhara kA kathAnaka dayApUrNa aura sarasa rahA hai / isI se yazodhara ke saMbaMdha meM digambara-zvetAmbara vidvAnoM aura prAcAryoM ne prAkRta saskRta bhApAmeM aneka gratha likhe hai| vAstava meM ye kAvya dayAdharma ke vistAraka hai| inameM sabase purAnA kAvya prabhajana kA yazAdhara carita hai| isa carita kA ullekha kuvalayamAlA ke kartA udyotanamUri (vi0 sa0 835 ke lagabhaga) ne kiyA hai ' / kavivAsavargana ne likhA hai ki pahale prabhaMjana aura hArapaNa Adi kaviyA na jA kucha kahA hai vaha mujha vAlaka sa kama kahA jA sakatA hai premI jI ne likhA hai ki vikrama sa0 1365 ma gaMdharva ne puSpadanta ke yazAdharacArata meM kaula kA prasaMga, vivAha aura bhavAMtara kathana carita ma zAmila kiyA hai usakA unhAna yathAyasthAna ullekha bhI kara diyA hai| kAMva gadharva ne pahalI saMdhi ke 27 va kaDavaka kI 76vI pakti ma likhA hai ki-'jaM vAsavaseNi puvvaraiu, taM pekkhavi gaMdhavveNa khiu'| isase spaSTa hai ki vAsavagena kA yazodhara carita pahala racA gayA thA, uma dabakara hA gadhava kova ne likhA hai| isa ullekha se itanA spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki vAsavasena vi0 saM0 1365 meM pUrva vartI vidvAna hai, usase bAda ke nhii| saMbhavataH ve vikrama kI 13vI zatAbdI ke vidvAna hoN| vAdIndra vizAlakIti bar3e bhArI vAdI the| inheM paNDita pAzAdhara jI ne nyAyazAstra par3hAyA thaa| ve tarkagAstra meM nipuNa the, aura dhArA yA ujjaina ke nivAsI the / yaha dhArA yA ujjaina kI gaddI de. bhaTTAraka the inake ziSya madanakoti the| apane gapha ke manA karane para bhI madanakIti dakSiNa deza kI ora karnATaka cale gae the| vahAM para vidvapriya vijayapura nareza kantibhoja unake pANDitya para mohita ho ge| phira ve vahAM se vApisa nahI loTe / vizAlakIti ne unheM aneka patroM dvArA prabuddha kiyA kintu ve Tama se masa nahI hue| taba vizAlakIti jI svayaM dakSiNa kI ora ge| ve kolhApura gaye hoM, aura sambhavataH unhoMne madanakIti ko sAkSAtpreraNA kI ho, ora usase samprabuddha hue hoN| somadeva muni kRta hAbdArNavacandrikA kI prazasti se jJAta hotA hai ki kolhApura prAntAntargata arjurikA nAma ke gAMva meM zaka saM01127 (vi.saM. 1262) meM zrI neminAtha bhagavAna ke caraNa kamaloM kI ArAdhanA ke bala se aura vAdIbhavanAMkaza 1. sattUraNa jo jamaharo jasahara caziega jagavAe pyddii| kalimalapabhaMjaNAMcciya pabhaMjaNo Asi garisI |kuvlymaalaa 2. prabhaMjanAdibhipUrva hariSeNasamanvitaiH / yaduktaM tatkathaM zakyaM mayA bAlena bhApitum / / yazodharacarita 3. svasti zrIkollApura dezAntarvArjurikAmahArathAnayudhiSThigavatAra mahAmaNDalezvara gaMDagadityadeva nirmApita nibhuvanatilaka jinAlaye zrImattaramaparameSThi zrI neminAtha zrIpAdapapArAdhanabalena vAdIbhavajrAkuza zrIvizAlakIrti paMNDita deva vayAvRtyataH zrI macchilAhArakulakamalamArtaNDateja; pujarAjAdhirAjaparamezvaraparamabhaTTAraka pazcimacakravati zrIvIrabhojadeva vijayarAjye sakavarSakasahasraM kazatasaptaviMzati 1127 tama krodhana samvatsare svastisamastAnavadya vidyAcakravarti zrI pUjyapAdAnuraktacetasA zrImatsomadevamunIzvareNa viraciteyaM zabdArNavacandrikA nAma vRttiriti / -jaina grantha prazasti saM0 bhA0 1 pR0 166

Page #448
414 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 vizAlakIrti paNDitadeva kI vaiyAvRtya se zabdArNavarcA,drakA kI racanA kI thii| usa samaya vahAM zilAhAravaMzIya vIra bhojadeva kA rAjya thaa| rAjazekhara sUri ke 'catuvizati-prabandha' meM varNita vijayapUra nareza kUtibhoja aura somadeva dvArA vaNita vIra bhojadeva donoM eka hI haiN| ataH vAdIndra vizAlakIti kA samaya saM0 1260 me 1300 ke madhya taka jAnanA caahie| isa upanekha se vizAlakoti kA kolhApUra ke pAsa-pAsa jAnA nizcita hai muni pUrNabhadra yaha muni guNabhadra ke ziSya the / inhoMne apanI kRti 'sukamAlacariu ko antima prazasti meM apanI guru paramparA kA to ullekha kiyA hai kintu saMghagaNa-gacchAdika kA kAI ullekha nahI kiyaa| gujarAta deza ke suprasiddha nAgara maDala ke nivAsI vIramUri ke vinayazIla zipya munibhadra the| unake zipya kusumabhadra hue, ora kusumabhadra ke zipya gaNabhadra mUni the, pAra guNa gadra ke ziSya pUrNabhadra the / grantha meM kavi ne racanA kAla kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyaa| aisI sthiti meM samaya kA nizcita karanA kaThina hai| Amera zAstra bhaMDAra kI yaha prati saM01632 kI pratilipi ko huI hai| isame mAtra itanA phalita hotA hai kisakamAla carita kI racanA maM0 1632 se pUrva huI hai| 'NamiNAha cariu' ke kartA kavi dAmodara ne apane guru kA nAma mahAmuni kamalabhadra likhA hai| jo guNabhadra ke ziSya the| aura muramena muni ke ziSya the / yadi dAmodara kavi dvArA ullikhita guNabhadra aura mUni pUrNabhadra ke kaNabhaTa kI ekatA middha hA jAya to ina pUrNabhadra kA mamaya vikrama ko 13 vA zatAbdI kA madhyakAla hA sakatA hai: kyoMki dAmodara ne neminAtha carita kI racanA kA samaya saM0 1287 diyA hai, dAmodara gujarAta se salakhaNapUra Aye the| ora munipUrNabhadra bhI gujarAta deza ke nivAsI the| prastuta grantha kA nAma 'sukamAla cariu' hai / jisameM chaha sadhiyAM haiM, jinameM avanti nagarI ke sukamAlazreSThI kA jIvana paricaya akita hai jimase mAlama hotA hai ki unakA zarIra atyanta sukomala thaa| para ve upasarga aura parISadoM ke sahane meM utane hI kaThora the| unake upasarga kI pIr3A kA dhyAna pAte hI zarIra ke roMgaTe khaDe ho jAte haiN| parantu uma sAdhu kI nispTahatA aura sahiSNutA para pAzcarya hA binA nahIM rahatA, jaba gIdar3I aura usake baccoM dvArA unake zarIra ke khAe jAne para bhI unhoMne pIr3A kA anubhava nahIM kiyA, pratyuta sama pariNAmoM dvArA nazvara kAyA kA parityAga kiyaa| aise parIpahajayI sAdhu ke caraNo meM mastaka anAyAsa jhuka jAtA hai| __guNavarma (dvitIya) kavi kA nivAsa kuMDi nAmaka sthAna meM thaa| isake guru vahI municandra jAna par3ate haiM jo kArtivIrya nareza ke garu tha / kAtivIrya 'ahitakSmabhadvajra' senApati zAntivarma kavi kA popaka thaa| gaNAbjavana kalahasa, vitilaka, aura kAvyasatkalANava mRgalakSmI Adi viruda the / kavi kI do racanAeM upalabdha haiM, puSpadanta purANa pAra candra nAtha puppadanta purANa me havaM tIrthakara kA caritra citraNa kiyA gayA hai| usameM apane se pUrvavartI kaviyoM kA smaraNa karate hae kavi na janna kavi (san 1230 I0) kA guNagAna kiyA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki kavi janya ke bAda hamA hai| pAra san 1245 I0 ke mallikArjuna ne apane 'sUktisudhArNava' meM puSpadanta purANa ke padya uddhata kie hai| isase yaha kavi mallikArjuna se pahale huA hai| ataeva isakA samaya san 1235 I0 jAna par3atA hai| kavi kI racanA sUkara aura prasAda guNayukta hai| kamalamava mUlasaMgha kundakundAnvaya dezIgaNa aura pustaka gaccha ke prAcArya mAdhanandi kA ziSya thaa| isake do viruda the, kavi kaMjagarbha, aura sUktisandarbha garbha / kavi ko eka mAtrakRti zAntIzvara purANa hai| isane apane se pUrvavartI kaviyoM meM

Page #449
terahavIM aura caudahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, prAcArya aura kavi 415 janakavi kA smaraNa kiyA hai| aura mallikArjuna ne sUktisudhArNava meM zAntIzvara carita ke padya uddhRta kie haiN| isa kAraNa isakA samaya bhI san 1235 I0 ke lagabhaga jAna par3atA hai / abhayacandra siddhAnta cakravartI mUlasaMgha, deziya gaNa, pustaka gaccha kundakundAvyaya kI iMgalezvarIya zAkhA ke zrIsamudAya meM mAghanandi bhaTTaraka hue / unake do ziSya the, nemicandra bhaTTAraka aura abhayacandra saiddhAntika / prastuta abhayacandra saiddhAntika bAlacandra paNDita deva ke zrata guru the' gommaTasAra jIvakANDa kI manda prabodhikA TIkA meM prabhayandra ne bAlacandra paNDita deva kA ullekha | kiyA hai / abhayacandra sUri chanda, nyAya, nighaNTu, zabda, samaya, kalakAra aura pramANa zAstra ke prakANDa vidvAna the / zrata muni ne abhayacandra maiddhAtika ko bhAvasaMgraha meM zabdAgama, paramAgama, aura tarkAgama kA jJAtA, aura saba vAdiyoM vo jItane vAlA batalAyA hai'| ina saba ullekhoM se prabhayacandra ke vyaktitva kA AbhAsa milatA hai / prastuta abhayacandra aura bAlacandra vahI hai jinakI prazaMsA vellUra ke zilAlekhA meM kI gaI hai| inakA svargavAsa zaka varSa 1201 saM0 1276 meM huA hai / ataH abhayacandra IsA kI 13vIM sadI ke vidvAna haiM / gommaTa sAra kI kanar3I TIkA ke kartA ke zavavarNI inhI abhayacandra sUri ke ziSya the| inhoMne apanI kanar3I TIkA bha0 dharmabhUSaNa kI AjJAnusAra zaka saM0 1281 (san 1356 I0) meM kI hai / racanAe~ prastuta abhayacandra darzana zAstra ke vidvAna the| inhoMne akalaMka deva ke 'laghIyastraya' kI 'syAdvAda bhaSaNa' nAmaka tAtparya vRtti ke prArambha meM jinendra ke vizeSaNa ke rUpa meM akalaMka aura anantavIrya kA nAmollekha kiyA hai / prastuta abhayacandra ne AcArya prabhAcandra ke nyAya kumudacandra ko dekhakara ukta vRtti banAI thii| jaisA ki unake 'akalaMka prabhA vyaktam' vAkya se jAna par3atA hai| yaha prabhAcandra ke bAda ke vidvAna inakI banAI huI gommaTasAra jIvakANDa kI mandaprabodhikA TIkA 383 gAthA taka hI upalabdha hai / isa TIkA meM gommaTasAra paMjikA TIkA kA ullekha nimna zabdoM meM hai| : "athavA sammUrchana garbhopapAdAnAzritya janma bhavatIti gommaTa paMjikA kArAdInAmabhiprAyaH / " ( go0 jI0 manda pra0 TIkA gA0 83) / isa paMjikA TIkA kI 1 prati upalabdha hai / isa paMjikA ke kartA girikIti haiM / yaha paMjikA gommaTasAra kI racanA se sau varSa bAda banI hai| jaisA ki usakI nimna prazasti gAthA se spaSTa hai| -- solahasa hiyasahasse gayasakakAlepavaDDUmANassa / bhAvasamassasamattA kattiyaNaMdIsare esA // 1. jaina zilAlekha saM0 bhA0 3 lekha 524 pR0 371 2. gommaTasAra jIvakANDa TIkA kalakattA saMskaraNa pR0 150 3. chando - nyAya nighaNTu-zabda- samayAlaGkAra paTkhaNDavAgbhUcakraM vivRtaM jinendra himavajAta pramANadvayI / gaGgA-sindhu-yugena- dumaMta khagorvI bhRdbhidA yat svadhIcakrAkAnta mato'bhayendu-yatipaH siddhAntacakrAdhipaH / jainalekha saM0 bhA0 3 le0 524 pR0 371 4. saddAgama-paramAgama-takkAgama niravamesa vedI hu / vijida-sayalaNNavAdI jayau ciraM abhayasUrisiddhaMtI // 5. epigrAphiyA kaTikA jilda 5 saMkhyA 131-33 6. jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 3 lekha naM0 524 pR0 371 - bhAvasaMgraha prazasti

Page #450
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 paMjikA kA racanA kAla zaka saM0 1016 (vi0 saM0 1151) kArtika zuklA hai| karma prakRti saMskRta gadya-yaha bhI inhIM kI kRti hai, jisameM saMkSepa meM karmasiddhAnta kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| dravya karma ke prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga ora pradeza bhedoM kA ullekha karate hae mala jJAnAvaraNAdi pATha aura uttara 148 prakRtiyoM ke svarUpa ora bhedA kA varNana kiyA hai| prora anta meM pA~ca labdhiyoM tathA caudaha guNasthAnoM kA kathana kiyA hai| anya inako kyA kRtiyA~ hai yaha anveSaNIya hai| yaha IsA kA 13 vI zatAbdI ke antima caraNa ke, prora vikrama ko 14 vI zatAbdo ke vidvAna haiN| ___ gommaTasAra ko kanar3I TIkAkAra kezavavarNI inhI abhayacandra ke ziSya the| kezavavarNI ne gommaTasAra kI jIvatattva prabodhikA kanar3AvRtti bhaTTAraka dharmabhUSaNa ke AdezAnusAra zaka sa0 1281 (san 1356 I0) meM samApta kI thii| bhAnukoti siddhAntadeva yaha mUla saMgha kundakundAnvaya kANUragaNa tintriNI gaccha ke vidvAn prAcArya padmanandI ke praziSya aura muni candradeva yamI ke ziSya the| jo nyAya vyAkaraNa aura kAvyAdi zAratroM meM pAragata the| mantra tatra meM bahuta catura the| vandaNikA tIrtha ke adhipati the jaisA ki tevara teppa ke zilAlekha ke nimna padya se prakaTa hai : zrImanmalapadAdi-saMgha-tilake zrIkunDakundAnvaye, kANUra-nAma-gaNotsa-gatsazubhage-bhUtintriNI kaahye| ziSyaH zrI municandra deva yaminaH siddhAnta-pAraGgayo , jIyAd vandaNikA-purezvaratayA zrI bhAnukotimmuniH // ina bhAnukIti siddhAnta deva ko vijjaladeva kI putrI aliyA ne zaka varSa 1081 ke pramAthi saMvatsara kI pUSa zuklA caturdazI zutravAra ko, san 1156 vi0 sa0 12 13 meM) honneyAsa ke sAtha isa sundara mandira ko bhUmiyoM kA dAna diyA thaa| nAgara khaNDa ke sAmanna loka gAvuNDa ne san 1171 I0 (vi0 saM0 1228) meM eka jaina mandira kA nirmANa karAyA, aura usakI aSTaprakArI pUjA ke liye ukta bhAnukIti siddhAnta deva ko bhUmi dAna kI thii| ___ zaka 1066 (san 1177 I0 vi0 sa0 1234) meM saGka gAvuNDa deki seTTi ke sAtha milakara elambalila meM eka jinamandira banavAyA aura zAntinAtha vasadi kI marammata tathA muniyoM ke AhAra dAna ke lie ukta bhAnukIti siddhAnta deva ko bhUmi dAna diyaa| municandra siddhAnta deva ke ziSya bhAnUkIti siddhAnta deva ko rAjA ekkala ne kanakajinAlaya ke sAtha-sAtha cAlukya cakrI jagadeva rAjA ke rAjya meM rAjA ekkala ne san 1136 (vi0 saM0 1166) meM bhUmidAna diyA / ina saba ullekho se jJAta hotA hai ki bhAnukIrti siddhAntadeva usa samaya prasiddha vidvAn the / yaha IsA kI 12vIM aura vikrama kI 13vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna the| municandra municaMdra guNavamaM dvitIya ke ziSya the / inhoMne apane puSpadanta purANa' meM ubhaya kavi kamalagarga kahakara smaraNa kiyA hai aura mahAbali kavi (1254) ne neminAtha purANa meM-'akhila tarka taMtra maMtra vyAkaraNa bharata kAvya nATaka pravINa' 1.jaina lekha saMgraha a0 3 pR0 117 2. jaina lekha saM0 bhA03 pR0 152 3. vahI bhA0 3 pR0 170 4. jaina lekha saM0 a03 pR0 31-32

Page #451
terahavIM aura codahavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, vidvAna aura kavi 417 likhakara prazaMsA kI hai| inake ubhaya kavi vizeSaNa se mAlama hotA hai ki ye saMskRta aora kanadI donoM bhApAnI ke kavi aura graMthakartA hoMge, parantu abhI taka inakA koI bhI natha upalabdha nahI hai saudattike zilAlekhoM meM jo zaka saMvat 1151 aura san 1226 ke likhe hue haiM aura jo gayala eziyATika mosAiTI bAmbe brAMca ke jarnala meM mudrita ho cuke hai| mAlUma hotA hai ki ye raTTagaja kArtavIrya ke rAjaguru the| pIra gRhastha avasthA meM usake putra ladamo deva ko inhone zastra vidyA aura zAstra vidyA donoM ko zikSA dI thI / lakSmIdeva ke samaya meM ye usake saciva yA matrI bhI rahe haiM / yaha bar3e hI vIra aura parAkramI the / imalie inhoMne zatruoM ko dabAkara raTTagaja kI rakSA kI thI magandhavartI 12 kA zAsana lakSmIdeva caturtha kI adhInatA meM raTToM ke rAjaguru manicaMdra deva ke dvArA hotA thaa| isa kAraNa unheM radrarAja pratiSThAcArya kI upAdhi bhI prApta haI thii| inake samayamaradarAja ke zAMtinAtha, nAga aura masilakArjuna bhI AmAtya rahe haiN| jo manicadra ke sahAyaka yA parAmargadAtAoM meM se the| isase spaSTa hai ki manicaMdra kA gamaya zaka ma0 1051 san 1226 (vi0 saM0 1286) hai / (jaina lekha maM0 bhA0 3 pa0 322 se 326 taka) ajitasena ima nAma ke aneka vidvAna ho gae haiN| una sabameM prastuta ajanamena menagaga ke vidvAna prAcArya prAra talU deza ke nivAmI the kyoMki zRMgAra majarI kI pUppikA maM-"thI menagaNagrAgaNya tapo lakSmI vigajinA jitamena deva yatIzvara vicinaH zRgAra maMjarI nAmAlakAgeyama / "-- menagaNa kA agraNI batalAyA hai| isame ajinamena mena gaNa ke vidvAna the yaha munizcita hai / prAcAya ajitamena kI do racanAeM upalabdha hai| zRgAra majarI aura alaMkAra cintAmaNi / zRgAra maMjarI- yaha choTA-mA alakAra grantha hai| isameM tIna pariccheda hai, jinameM sakSapa meM gma-rIti aura alaMkAroM kA varNana hai| yaha graya ajinamenAcArya ne zIlavibhUpaNA rAno viTThala devI ke putra, 'rAya' nAma se jyAta somavaMzI jaina gajA kAmirAya ke par3hane ke liye banAyA thA jemA ki usakI pragasti ke nimna padyoM meM prakaTa hai : rAjJI viThThala devIti khyAtA zIla vibhssnnaa| tatputraH kAmirAyAkhyo 'rAya' ityeva vizrutaH // 46 tdbhumipaalpaatthaarthmuditeymlNkriyaa| saMkSapeNa budhASA paddhAtrAsti (') vizodhyatAm // 46 prastuta kAmigaya somavazI kadamboM kI eka zAkhA vagavaMza ke nAma se vikhyAta hai| pa0 ke bhajabalI zAstrI ke anusAra dakSiNa kannaDa jile ke tundipradezAntargata vagavADi para isa vaga kA zAmana rahA hai / ukta pradeza ke 1. eka ajitamena dramila saMgha meM nandi saMgha aruGgalAnvaya ke vidvAn muniya the| jo mammUrga zAstroM meM pAraMgata the| mUDahallikA kA yaha lekha saMbhavataH (lU* rAisa) ke anumAra 1170 I0 kA hai / dUsare ajitasena Arya mena ke ziSya the, bar3e vidvAn, saumyamUrti, rAjyamAnya prabhAvazAlI vaktA aura baMkApura vidyApITha ke pradhAna AcArya the / gaMgavaMzI rAjA mAnasiMha ke guru the| mArasiMha ne baMkApura meM samAdhi maraNa dvArA zarIra kA parityAga kiyA thaa| yaha cAmuNDa rAya ke bhI guru the, jo mArasiMha ke mahAmAtya aura senApati the| gommaTasAra ke kartA nemicandra siddhAnna cakravartI ne unheM Rddhi prAptI gaNadhara ke samAna guggI aura bhuvana guru batalAyA hai| inakA samaya vikrama kI 10vI zatAbdI kA hai| tIsare ajitasena ve haiM jinakA ullekha malliSeNa prazasti meM pAyA jAtA hai| ukta prazasti zaka saM0 1050 meM utkIrNa kI gaI hai| usameM ajitasena ko tArkika aura nayA ka batalAyA hai| inakI upAdhi vAdIbha siMha thii| cauthe ajitasena ve haiM / jinakA san 1147 ke lekha meM ullekha hai jinakA ziSya bar3A sardAra pauddhI thaa| usakA jeSTha putra bhImappA, bhAryA delabbA se do putra hue| maganImeThI, mArIseTThI, mArImaiTThI ne dora samudra meM eka jina mandira banavAyA thaa| ajitasena nAma ke aura bhI vidvAna hue haiM, jinakA phira kabhI paricaya likhA jaaygaa| 2. jaina graMtha prazasti saM0 vIra sevAmandira bhA0 1, san 1944 pR060

Page #452
418 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 jaina rAjavaMzoM meM yaha vaMza mAnya rahA hai| isa vaMza ke prasiddha rAjA vIra narasiMha (sana 1957-1208 I.) ke bAda candrazekhara vaga mana (1208-1224 I0) jo vIra naramiha kA putra thA / inake choTe bhAI pANDeya vaMga ne san (1224. 1236 I.) taka rAjya kiyaa| isake anaMtara pADya vaga kI vahina rAnI biTraladevI (1236-1244 I.) taka rAjya kA saMcAlana kiyA aura usake bAda usakA putra kAmigaya jo pANDaya vaga kA bhAgneya thA san 1244 meM siMhAsanArUDha hunaa| aura usane 1264 I0 taka rAjya kiyaa| inhI kAmirAya kI preraNA se vijayavarNo ne zRMgArarNavacandrikA kA nirmANa kiyaa| alaMkAra cintAmaNi-yaha alaMkAra kA mahatvapUrNa grantha hai| jo jitamenAcArya kI kAvya lakSaNavipayaka dhAraNA kA samanvayAtmaka rUpa hai| unhoMne likhA hai ki -'kAvya zabdAlaMkAra tathA arthAlaMkAra me mukta, navarasoM se samanvita, gaitiyoM ke prayoga se manorama, vyaMgyAdi arthoM se sampanna, doSa virahita honA cAhiye / kavi ke anusAra kAvya gratha me do vAtoM kA honA Avazyaka hai| ubhayalokopakArI aura puNyadharma ke prApta karane kA sAdhana / jaisA ki grantha ke nimna padya se spaSTa haiM : zabdArthAlaMkRtIddhaM navarasakalitaM rItibhAvAbhirAmaM / vyaMgAdyartha vidoSaM guNagaNakalitaM netR sadvarNanADhayama / lokodvandvopakAri sphuTa miha tanutAt kAvyamagra yaM sukhArtho / nAnAzAstrapravINa: kaviratulamatiH puNyadharmoruhetum // 1-7 isa grantha meM pAMca pariccheda hai| unameM prathama pariccheda kI zloka makhyA 106 hai, jinameM kavizikSA para mahatvapUrNa prakAza DAlA gayA hai| dUsare pariccheda meM zabdAlaMkAroM ke citra vakrokti, anuprAsa aora yamakAlakAra ye cAra bheda batalAye haiN| unameM citralakAra kA vizaMpa varNana kiyA gayA hai, usake 42 bheda batalAye haiN| isa pariccheda ke padyo kI saMkhyA 186 hai| tIsare pariccheda meM citrAlakAra ke atirikta zabdAlakAra ke anya bheda, vakrAkti, anaprAsa aura yamaka ke udAharaNa ke sahita vizlepaNa kiyA gayA hai| isa pariccheda kI zloka saMkhyA 41 hai| cauthe pariccheda meM arthAlakAroM ke 70 bhedoM kA vistRta varNana 345 padyoM dvArA kiyA hai| sAtha meM bIcabIca meM gadyAza bhI nihita hai| isa pariccheda ke prAraMbha meM pralaMkAroM kI paribhASA, gaNa aura unake bhedA kA vistata kathana diyA hai| pAMcavaM pariccheda meM norasa, cAra rIti, do pAka,-drAkSA aura zabda kA svarUpa aura bheda lakSaNAvani yA nATakoM kabhada-prabheda Adi kAvya zAstra-mambandhi sabhI Avazyaka vipayo kA carcAoM kA samAviSTa kiyA gayA hai| isakI padyasakhyA 406 hai| kavi ne alakAroM ke udAharaNoM meM samantabhadra, z2inasena haricaMdra, vAgbhaTa, arhadAsa aora pIyUSa varSAdi aneka prAcAryo ke grathoM ke padyoM ko uddhata kiyA hai| ina saba vidvAnA meM vAgbhaTa 11vI zatAbdI ka hai, ora munisuvrata kAvya ke kartA prahaMDAma pa0aAzAdhara jI ke sAmakAlIna hai| muni suvratakAvya kI racanA sAgara dharmAmata sa0 1296 (san 1288) ke bAda huI hai| unhoM ne unake prati bahuta hI prAdaravyakta kiyA hai| isa kAraNa ajitasenAcArya kA samaya vikrama kI 13vI zatAbdI kA upAntya hai| zrIdharasena ke prAcArya manimena ke ziSya the| jo bar3e bhArI kavi aura naiyAyika the| nemikamAra ke patra / nImakumAra ke putra kavi vAgbhaTa ne 'kAvyAnuzAsana' kI vRtti meM puppadanta ke sAtha munisena kA ullekha kiyA hai aura unakI racanA kI ora bhI saketa kiyA hai- "yatpuSpadanta munisena munIndramukhyaH pUrvaH kRtaM sukavibhistadahaM vidhitsH|" isase TikA ke zloka 11 se 18 taka ke padyoM meM diyA gayA hai| yaha graMtha DA. V.M 1. isa vaMza kA paricaya zRgArAvacandrikA ke zloka 11 se 18 taka ke padyoM meM diyA gyaa| kalakarNI dvArA sampAdita hokara bhAratIya jJAnapITha se prakAzita ho cukA hai|

Page #453
terahavI aura caudahavI satAbdI ke AcArya, vidvAna aura kavi spaSTa hai ki mUnimena ne koI grantha banAyA thA, jo aba upalabdha nahIM hai| kavi zrIdharamena nAnAgAstro ke pAragAmI vidvAna the, aura bar3e-bar3e rAjA loga una para zraddhA rakhate the| ve kAvyazAstra ke marmajJa vidvAna pAra kavi the| inakI ekamAtra kRti 'vizvalocana koza hai, isakA damaga nAma maktAvali koga he jegA ki 'maktAvalI viracitA' grantha ke vAkya meM spaSTa hai / hama koza meM 0453 zloka hai / svara vaNa yora kakAgada ke varNakrama meM zabdo kA sakalana kiyA gayA hai| nAnArtha kogA me yaha sabase baDA koza hai| iga koza kI yaha vizepatA hai ki zrIdharasena ne eka zabda ke adhika se adhika artha batalAye hai| udAharaNa ke lie 'kacaka' zabda ko lIjiye / vizvalocana me isake 12 artha btlaaye|, amarakoza ke cAra pAra medanI meM daza artha batalAye hai| prazasti ke cAtha padya meM 'padavidA ca pUre nivAmI' vAkya se zrIdhara gena kA nivAsasthAna jJAta hotA hai, para usake sambandha meM isa samaya kucha banA zakya nahIM hai| kavi ne taya liyA hai ki mana ima koza kI racanA kavi nAgendra aura amargagaha Adi ke kozI kA mAra lekara kI hai| kAMga marAva pUrNa hai| koga meM racanAkAla nahIM diyaa| kintu isakI racanA medanI pAra hemacandra ke bAda haI hai ata zrIdharasena kA samaya vikrama kI 13vI zatAbdI kA upAntya jAna paDanA he / vijayavarNI vijayavarNI ne apanA kA paricaya nahI diyA / kavana gurU kA grAra jimako preraNA me grantha banAyA ugakA ullekha to kiyA hai kintu apane saghagaNa-ganchAdi aora samaya kA kAI ullekha nahIM kiyaa| yaha kAvyazAstra ke acche vidvAna the| inhoMne baga narendra kAmigaya kI praraNA meM 'zRgAgagargavacandrikA' nAma kA grantha banAyA thA jamA ki nimna pUppikA vAkya se prakaTa hai - itiparama jinendravadanacandiravinirgatasyAdvAdacandrikAcakora vijayakotimunIndracaraNAbjacaJcarIkavijayavaNiviracite zrIvIranarasiMha kAmirAja baGganarendrakozara dindusaM nibhakotiprakAzake zRgArArNava candrikA nAmni alaGkArasaMgrahe varNagaNaphalanirNaya nAma prathamaH pricchedH|" somavazI kadamba gajAnI ke dvArA sarakSita bhUmikA zAsana karane vAlA nareza vIra nargasaha hyaa| isane sana 1157 I0 me vagavADi meM apanI rAjadhAnI sthApita kI thI / imane prajA para dharma aura nyAyanIti se zAsana kiyA thaa| inakA putra candrazekhara rAjA huyA igane san 120 se 122860 taka, pAra inake choTe bhAI pANDya vaga zAsaka hue unhoMne san 1225 me 1236 taka rAjya kiyaa| san 1236 me 1284 taka pANTyavaga kI vahina viTTala mahAdevI ne rAjya kA macAlana kiyaa| prAra sana 1245 me 1264 taka mahAganA viTThala devo ke putra kAmirAya ne 1. manAnvaye mAlamatvagatithI zrImAna jAyata kavimunigena naamaa| AnvIdAsI makalazAstramayI ca vidyA yagyA sa vAda padavI na davIyamI myAna // 1 tasmAdabhUnakhi navAdamApArarazvA vizvAgatamavanItalanAyakAnAm / zrI zrIdhara sakalamata vigumphitanva pIyUpapAnakRtanirjara bhAgnIka // 2 tampAtigAyini ye. pathi jAgarUka dhIlocanasya gurazAsanalocanagya / nAnA kavIndraracitAnabhidhAna kozAnAkRSyalocanAmavAya madIpi koga / / 3 -vizvalocana koza pra0 2 nAgendra gathita kozamamudramadhye nAnAkavIndramugvazukti mamudbhaveyam / vidvadagRhAdamaranirmita paTTamUne muktAvalI viracitA hRdi manidhAtum // 6 -vizvalocana koza pra. 3. zrImadvijayavIyAmya gurugajapadAmbujama / madIyacitrakAsAre mtheyAta maddhadhIjale / 4. ittha na pAthitena mayA'lakArasagraha / kriyate mariNA nAmnA zRgAgargavacandrikA 1-22

Page #454
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa- bhAga 2 zAmana kiyaa| prastuta kAmigaya pANDyabaMga kA bhAgineya (bhAnajA) thA / aura use rAjendra prajita lAyA hai| kavi ne nAmirAya ke vaMza kA vistRta paricaya diyA hai| ye sabhI rAjA jainadharma ke pAlaka the| isa gratha kA nAma zRgArANaMva candrikA aura alakAra saMgraha hai| grantha meM daza pariccheda hai| 1 vargagaNaphala nirNaya kAvyagata zabdArtha nizcaya 3 rasa bhAva nizcaya 4 nAyaka bheda nizcaya 5 daza guNanizcaya 6rIti nizcaya 7vatti nizcaya - zayyA pAka nizcaya : alakAra nirNaya 10 doSa guNa nirNaya / isa grantha kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki alaMkAroM ke sabhI udAharaNa svaya kavi dvArA nirmita hai| isa grantha kA nirmANa kavi ne san 1250 ke lagabhaga kiyA hai / ataH kavi kA samaya terahavI zatAbdI hai| grantha DA. kulakarNI dvArA sampAdita hokara bhAratIya jJAnapITha se prakAzita ho ho cukA hai| kavi vAgbhaTa vAgbhaTa nAma ke aneka vidvAna hue hai| unameM aSTAGga hRdaya nAmaka vedyaka grantha ke kartA vAgbhaTa siMhagupta ke pUtra aura sindha deza ke nivAmI the / dUsare vAgbhaTa nemi nirvANakAvya ke kartA hai, jo prAgvATa yA poravAr3a vaza ke bhapaNa tathA chAhaDa ke putra tha / tosare vAgbhaTa somazrepThI ke putra the, vAgbhaTrAlakAra ke kartA aura gujarAta ke sAlakI rAjA siddharAja jayaryAsaha ke mahAmAtya the / ora yaha vi0 sa0 1176 ma maujUda the / vi. sa. 1178 meM municandra sUri kA samAdhimaraNa huA / vAgbhaTa ne dhavala aura UcA jenandira banavAyA thA usake eka varSa bAda devasuAra dvArA vadhamAna kA mUti kI pratiSThA karAI thii| yaha zvetAmbara sampradAya ke vidvAna tha' / cArtha vAgbhaTa ina sabase bhinna the, ora mahAkavi vAgbhaTa nAma se prasiddha the| inake pitAmaha kA nAma 'makkalapa' pitAmahI kA nAma mahAdevI thA ora pitA kA nAma namikumAra thaa| makkalapa ka do putra the rAhaDa aura nemikumAra / unameM rAhaDa jyepTa aura nemikumAra laghuputra the jo bar3e vidvAna dharmAtmA aura yazasvo the / aura apane jyepTha bhrAtA rAhaDa ke parama bhakta the| mevAr3a deza meM pratiSThita bhagavAna pArzvanAtha jinake yAtrA mahotsava se unakA adabhata yaza akhilavizva meM vistRta ho gayA thaa| nemikumAra ne rAha pura meM bhagavAna neminAtha kA aura naloTaka pura meM vAIsa devakUlakAyo sahita bhagavAna AdinAtha kA vizAla mandira banavAyA thaa| rAhaDa ne usI nagara meM Adi nAtha mandira kI dakSiNa dizA meM 22 jinamadira banavAe the| jisase usakA yazarUpI candramA jagata meM pUrNa ho gayA thA-vyApta ho gayA thaa| 1. tasya zrIpANyaGgamya bhAginayo guNavaH / viTTa nAmbA mahAdevI putrI rAjendrapUjitaH / / 1-16 2. degyo, zRgArAeMva candrikA ke 11 me 18 taka ke padya / 3. yajjanmana: sukRtina. palu mindhu daMge ya. putravannamakarod bhuvi miha guptam / tenoktamatadabhayajJa bhipagvareNa mthAna mmaapnmini------||1 -padyarAja pustakAlaya kI apTAga hRdaya kI kannar3I prati 4. ahicchatra purotpanna-prAgvATa kulazAlina. / chAhaDamya sutazcakre prabandha vAgbhaTa kaviH // 87 -neminirvANa kAvya 5 siri vAhatti tanao Ami vuho tamsa somasma' ! vAgbhaTAlakAra zatakAdazaka sApTa saptato vikramAnaH / vatmagaNA vyatikrAnte zrI municandra sUrayaH / AgadhanAvidhi zreSTha kRtvA prAyopavezana / zamapIyUpa kallolaplutAste tridiva yayu. / / vatsare tatra cakana pUrNa zrI devasUribhiH / zrI vIrasya pratiSThA mabAhaTakArayanmudA yugmam / / -prabhAvakacarita 6. rAhaDapura mevAr3a deza meM kahI thA jo namikumAra ke jyepTha bhrAtA gahaDa dvArA vasAyA gayA thA -kAvyAnuzAsana kI utthAnikA 7. nAbhaya canya sadana digi dakSiNa syA, dvAviMzati vidadhatA jinamandirANi / manye nigrajavara prabhurAhaDagya, pUrNI meM jagati yena yazaH zazAGkaH // -kAvyAnuzAsana pR0 34

Page #455
terahavIM aura caudahavIM zatAbdI ke prAcArya, vidvAna aura kavi 421 kavi vAgbhaTa vyAkaraNa, chanda, alaMkAra, kAvya, nATaka campU aura sAhitya ke marmajJa the| kAlidAsa, daNDI aura vAmana Adi vidvAnoM ke kAvya-granthoM se khUba paricita the aura apane samaya ke akhila prajJAloM meM caDAmaNi the tathA nUtana kAvyaracanA karane meM dakSa the' / kadi ne apane pitA nemikumAra kI khaba prazasA kI hai, aura likhA hai kula rUpI kamalA kA vikasita karane vAle advitIya bhAskara tha, sakala zAstroM meM pAragata tathA sampUrNa lipi bhASAoM se paricita the, aura unakI kIrti samasta kavikuloM ke mAna sanmAna aura dAna se loka meM vyApta ho rahI thii| kavi vAgbhaTa bhakti ke advitIya premI the / svopajJa kAvyAnuzAsana vRtti meM AdinAtha, neminAtha aura bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kA stavana kiyA gayA hai| jisase yaha sambhava hai ki unhoMne kisI stuti grantha kI racanA kI ho; kyoMki rasoM meM rati (zRMgAra) kA varNana karate hae deva viSayaka rati ke udAharaNa meM nimna padya diyA hai "no muktyai spRhayAmi vibhavaH kArya na sAMsArikaH, kitvA yojya karau punarida svAmI zamabhyacaMye / svapne jAgaraNe sthitau vicalane duHkhe sukhe mandire , kAntAre nizivAsare ca satataM bhaktirmamAstu tvayi / " isa padya meM batalAyA hai ki he nAtha ! maiM muktipurI kI kAmanA nahIM karatA aura na mAMsArika kAryoM ke liye vibhava (dhanAdi sampatti) kI hI yAkAMkSA karatA ha; kintu he svAmin hAtha jor3akara merI yaha prArthanA hai ki svapna meM, jAgaraNa meM, sthiti meM, calane meM, duHkha sukha meM, mandira meM, vana meM, rAtri aura dina meM nirantara ApakI hI bhakti ho|' isI taraha kRSNa nIla varNoM kA varNana karate hue rAhaDa ke nagara ora vahA~ ke pratipThita nemi jinakA stavanasUcaka nimna padya diyA hai :-- sajalajaladanIlAbhAtiyasminvanAlI marakata maNikRSNo ytrnemijinendrH| vikacakuvalayAli zyAmalaM yatsarombhaH pramudayati na kAMskAMstatpuraM rAhaDasya / isa padya meM batalAyA hai-'ki jisameM vana paMktiyAM sajala megha ke samAna nIlavarNa mAlama hotI hai aura jisa nagara meM nIlamaNi sadRza kRSNavarNa zrI nemi jinendra pratiSThita haiM tathA jinameM tAlAba vikasita kamala samUha se pUrita hai vaha rAhaDa kA nagara kina-kina ko pramUdita nahIM krtaa|' nemikUmAra aura gahaDa meM rAma lakSmaNa ke samAna bhArI prema thaa| yadyapi rAhaDa ne vizeSa adhyayana nahIM kiyA thA, kyoki usakA upayoga vyApAra kI ora vizeSa thaa| usane vyApAra meM vipUla dravya aura pratiSThA prApta kI thii| isa kAraNa nemikumAra ko adhyayana karane kA vizeSa avasara mila gayA, aura siddhAnta, chanda, alakAra, kAvya aura vyAkaraNAdi tathA bhApA aura lipi kA pagjJiAna kiyaa| adhyayana ke uparAnta nemikUmAra bhI apane bhAI ke sAtha vyApAra meM laga gaye, aura donoM se nyAya meM vipula dhana ajita kiyaa| rAhaDa prasiddha vyApArI thA usakA vyApAra dvIpAntaroM meM bhI hotA thaa| vyApAra meM jo dhana kamAyA usase unhoMne do nagara basAye, rAhar3apura aura naloTakapura rAhar3apUra rAhaDa ke nAma se basAyA gayA thA, usameM nemi jinakA vizAla mandira thA jisameM bhagavAna neminAtha kI marakata maNi ke samAna kRSNa varNa kI sundara mUrti virAjamAna thI / 1. navyAnaka mahAprabandharacana cAtuyaM visphajita sphArodArayaza. pracArasatatavyAkIrNa vizvatrayaH / zrI mannemikumAra-mUriragvinaprajJAnu cUDAmaNiH kAvyAnAmanuzAsanaM vamidaM cake kavirvAgbhaTaH / / 2. 'dustarasamastagAstrapArAvAragahanamadhyAvagAhana madamandaramya / ' kAvyAnuzAsana pR0 1 3. 'amandamandarAya mAraNyAnamAtrasahasra madhyamAnamahAbdhimadhya samullAsalyakSmI lakSitavakSaHsthalasya / vahI pRSTha 1 4. kAritAmarapuraparispaddhi zrIrAhar3apura pratiSThApita suprasiddhahimigirizikharAnukAri ramaNIya zubhrAdhrAliha jinavarA gArotta na zRGgotsaGgasaGgatasauvarNadhvajAgra lambAyamAnaNokiGkiNI jhaNatkAravitrAsitaraviratha turaGgamasya / vahI pR0 1

Page #456
422 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 naloTakapUra meM pahale rAhaDa ne apanI ruci ke anusAra RSabhadeva kA vizAla mandira banavAyA thaa| bAda meM nemikumAra ne usI jinAlaya ke prAge dakSiNa bhAga me 22 vediyAM banavAI thii|' usase rAhaDa kI prasiddhi adhika ho gaI thii| mevAr3a kI janatA nemikumAra se bahuta prabhAvita thii| isa jinAlaya meM rAtri ke samaya strI puruSa ikaTThe hokara stutiyA par3hate the, aura nAriyA milakara sundara gIta gAtI thii| nagara bAga-bagIcoM aura tAlAboM se zobhAyamAna thaa| nemikumAra kI kIrti bhI kama nahI thii| racanAeM . mahAkavi vAgbhaTTa kI isa mamaya do kRtiyA~ upalabdha haiM chando'nuzAsana aura kAvyAnuzAsana / inameM chandognuzAsana kAvyanuzAsana se pUrva racA gayA hai, kyoki kAvyAnuzAsana kI svopajJavRtti meM svopajJa chando'nuzAsana kA ullekha karate hae likhA hai ki usame chando kA kathana vistAra se kiyA gayA hai| ataeva yahA para nahI kahA jaataa| jaina sAhitya meM chandazAstra para 'chando'nuzAsana' svambhachanda chandakoza' ora prAkRta pigala Adi aneka chandagrantha likhe gaye hai| usameM prastuta chando'nuzAsana sabase bhinna hai yaha saskRta bhApA kA chandagrantha hai aura pATana ke zvetAmbarIyajJAna bhaDAra meM tAr3apatra para likhA hA vidyamAna hai' / usakI patramakhyA 42 aura zloka saMkhyA 540 ke karIba hai aura svopajJavRtti se alakRta hai| isa grantha kA Adi magalapada nimna prakAra hai: vibhaM nAbheyamAnamra, chandasAmanuzAsana / zrImanne mikamArasyAtmajo'haM vacmi vaagbhttH|| yahI magala padya kAvyAnuzAsana ko svopajJavRtti ma' chandasAmanuzAsana, ke sthAna para 'kAvyAnuzAsanam' diyA huA hai| yaha chandagrantha pA~ca adhyAyA meM vibhakta hai, sajJAdhyAya 1 samavRttAkhya 2 ardhasamavRttAkhya 3 mAtrAsamaka 4 aura mAtrA chandaka 5 / grantha sAmane nahAne se ina chando ke lakSaNAdi kA koI paricaya nahIM diyA jA sakatA aura na yahI batAyA jA sakatA hai ki granthakAra na apanI dUsarI kina-kina racanAnI kA ullekha kiyA hai / isa grantha me rAhaDa aura nemikumAra kI kIti kA khulAgAna kiyA gayA hai prAra rAhai ko pumpottama tathA 1. nijabhujayugalorAjita vittajAta janita naloTakapura pratiSThita tribhuvanAd bhuta zrI nAbhisambhAjana sadana prAgbhAga nirmA pita dvAviMzati devagRhikA maNDalamya / (kAvyAnu0 pR0 1) 2. ayaM ca sarva prapaMcaH zrIvAgbhaTTAbhidha mvopajJachando'nugAsane prapaMcita Tati nAtrocyate' / 3. yaha chando'nuzAsana japakIti ke dvArA racA gayA hai / ime unhone mAdava, gila janAva' getava, pUjyapAda (devanandI) aura jayadeva Adi vidvAnoM ke chanda grantho ko dekhakara banAyA gayA hai| yaha jayakIti amalakIti ke ziSya the| saMvat 1162 me yogasAra kI eka prati amalakIni ne likhavAI thI, umame jayakIti 12 vI zatAbdI ke uttagargha aura 13vI zatAbdI ke pUrvArdha ke vidvAna jAna par3ate hai| yaha grantha jaimalamera ke zvetAmbageya jJAnabhaNDAra meM surakSita hai| (dekho gAyakavADa saskRta sIrIja meM prakAzita jaisalamera bhANDAgArIya granthAnA suucii|) 4 yaha apabhraza aura prAkRta bhASA kA mahatvapUrNa maulika chanda gratha hai| isakA sampAdana eca0 DI0 velaMkara ne kiyA hai| (devo,bambaI yUnivarsiTI janarala san 1933 nathA rAyalaemiyATika somAiTI janarala san0 635), 5. ratna zekhara sUri dvAga racita prAkRta bhApA kA chandakoza hai| 6. pigalA 'cArya ke prAkRta pigala ko chor3akara, prastuta pigala grantha athavA chandovidyA kavirAjamala kI kRti hai| jise unhona zrImAlakulotpanna vaNika pati rAjAbhAramalla ke liye racA thaa| isa grantha meM chandoM kA nirdeza karate hue rAjA bhAramalla ke pratApa yaza aura vaMbhava Adi kA acchA paricaya diyA gayA hai| ina chanda grantho ke atirikta chandazAstra, vRttaralAkara aura zrutabodha nAma ke chanda granya aura hai jo prakAzita ho cuke hai| 9. See Patan catalage of Manucripts P. 117.

Page #457
423 terahavIM aura caudahavIM zatAbdI ke prAcArya, vidvAna aura kavi unakI vistRta caityapaddhati ko pramudita karane vAlI prakaTa kiyA hai yathA puruSottama rAhaDaprabho kasya na hi pramadaM dadAti sadyaH / vitatA tava caitypddhtirvaatcldhvjmaaldhaarnnii|| kavi ne apane pitA nemikUmAra kI prazaMsA karate hae likhA hai ki ghamane vAle bhramara se kampita kamala ke makaranda (parAga) samUha me pUrita, bhaDauca athavA bhRgukaccha nagara meM nemikumAra kI agAdha bAvaDI zobhita hotI hai| yathA pribhmirbhmrkNpirsruuhmyrNdpuuNjpNjriyaa| vAvI sahai pragAhA jemikumArassa bharuacche / isa taraha yaha chanda graMtha bar3A hI mahatvapUrNa jAna par3atA hai aura prakAzita karane yogya hai| kAvyAnuzAsana yaha grantha mudrita ho cakA hai| isa laghukAya grantha meM 5 adhyAya haiM jina meM kramazaH 62,75,68,26, aura 58 kula 286 mUtra haiM / jinameM kAvya-sambandhI viSayoM kA-rasa, alaGgAra, chanda aura guNa doSa vAkya doSa Adi kA-kathana kiyA gayA hai| isakI svopajJa alaMkAratilaka nAmaka vRtti' meM udAharaNa svarUpa vibhinna granthoM ke aneka padya uddhata kiye gaye hai jinameM kitane hI padya grantha karmA ke svanirmita bhI hoMge, parantu yaha batalA makanA kaThina hai ki ve padya inake kima grantha ke haiN| samRddhata padyA meM kitane hI padya bada mundara aura sagsa mAlama hote haiM / pAThakoM kI jAnakArI ke lie do tIna padya nIce diye jAte hai :-. ko'yaM nAtha! jino bhavetta vavazI hu~-haM pratApI priye, haM-haM tahi vimuJca kAtaramate zauryAvalepakriyAM // moho'nenavinijitaH prabhurasau takikarAH ke vayaM, ityevaM rati kAmalpaviSayaH so'yaM jinaH pAtu vaH // eka samaya kAmadeva aura rati jaGgala meM bihAra kara rahe the ki acAnaka unakI daSTi dhyAnastha jinendra para paDI. unake rUpavAna prazAMta garIra ko dekhakara kAmadeva aura rati kA jo manoraMjaka saMvAda hA hai usIkA citraNa isa padya meM kiyA gayA hai| jinendra ko meruvat nizcala dhyAnastha dekhakara rati kAmadeva se pUchatI hai ki he nAtha ! yaha kauna hai? taba kAmadeva kahatA hai ki yaha jina haiM -- rAga-dvapAdi karma zatrayoM ko jItane vAle haiM-pUna: rati pachatI hai ki yaha tumhAre vaza meM hae? taba kAmadeva uttara detA hai ki he priye ! yaha mere vaza meM nahI hue; kyoMki yaha pratApI haiM, taba vaha phira kahatI hai yadi yaha tumhAre vaza meM nahIM hue to tumheM 'triloka vijayI' panakI zUravIratA kA Da denA caahie| taba kAmadeva rAta se puna: kahatA hai ki inhAne moharAjA ko jIta liyA hai, jo hamArA prabhu hai, hamato usake kiGkara haiM / isa taraha rati ora kAmadeva ke saMvAda viSayabhUta yaha jina tumhArA kalyANa kreN| zaTha kamaTha vimuktAgrAva saMghAtaghAta-vyathitamapimanona dhyAnato yasya netu : pracalacalatulyaM vizvavizvakadhIraH, sa dizatuzu bhamozaHpAzrvanAthojinovaH / isa padya meM batalAyA hai ki duSTa kamaTha ke dvArA mukta megha samUha se pIr3ita hote hue jinakA mana dhyAna se jarA bhI vicalita nahIM huA ve meru ke samAna acala aura vizva ke advitIyadhIra, Iza pArzvanAtha jina tumheM kalyANa pradAna kreN| isItaraha 'kAraNamAlA' ke udAharaNa svarUpa diyA hayA nimna padya bhI bar3A hI rocaka pratIta hotA hai| jisameM jitendriyatA ko vinaya kA kAraNa batalAyA gayA hai| aura vinaya se guNotkarSa, gaNotkarSa se lokAnuraMjana aura janAnurAga se sampadA kI abhivRddhi honA sUcita kiyA hai, vaha padya isa prakAra hai: 1. iti mahAkavi zrI vAgmaTa viracitAyAmalaGkAratilakAbhidhAna svopajJa kAvyAnuzAsana vRttI prathamo'dhyayaH /

Page #458
424 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 jitendriyatvaM vinayasya kAraNaM, guNa prakarSovinaya divAptate! guNaprakarSeNajano'nurajyate, janAnurAgaprabhavAhi sampadaH // isa grantha kI svopajJavRtti meM kavi ne apanI eka kRti RSabhadevakAvya kA 'svopajJa RSabhadeva mahAkAvye' vAkya ke sAtha ullekha kiyA hai aura use 'mahAkAvya' batalAyA hai, jisase vaha eka mahatvapUrNa kAvya grantha jAna par3atA hai, itanA hI nahIM kiMtu usakA nimna padya bhI uddhRta kiyA hai: yatpuSpadanta - munisena -munIdramukhyaiH pUrvaH kRtaM su kavibhistadahaM vidhitsaH / hAsyAya kasyananu nAsti tathApisaMtaH zRNvaMtukaMcana mamApi suyukti sUktam / inake sivAya, kavi ne bhavya nATaka aura alaMkArAdi kAvya banAye the / parantu ve saba abhI taka anupalabdha haiM, mAlUma nahI ki ve kisa zAstra bhaNDAra kI kAlakoTharI meM apane jIvana kI sikiyAM le rahe hoMge / kavi kA sampradAya digambara thA, kyoMki unhoMne vikrama kI dUsarI zatAbdI ke prAcArya samantabhadra ke vRhatsva yambhU stotra ke dvitIya padya ko 'Agama prAptavacanaM yathA dAna ke sAtha uddhRta kiyA hai:prajApatiryaH prathamaM jijIviSu zazAsakRSyAdiSukarmasa prajAH prabuddhatattvaH punara todayo mamattvato nivivade vidAMvaraH // 2 // vIranandI 'candraprabha carita kA Adi maMgala padya bhI uddhRta kiyA hai / ora pR0 161 meM sajjana durjana cintA meM vAgbhaTa ke 'nemi nirvANa kAvya' ke prathama sarga kA 20 vAM padya bhI diyA hai |:gunnprtiitiH sujanAM janasya, doSeSvavajJA khala jalpiteSu / ato dhruvaM neha mama prabandhe, prabhUtadoSe'pyazo'vakAzaH // samaya vicAra kavi ne grantha meM racanA samaya kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyaa| kiMtu vIranandI ora vAgbhaTa ke granthoM ke padya uddhRta kiye haiM / isase kavi ina ke bAda huA hai / kAvyAnuzAsana ke pRSTha 16 meM ullikhita ' udyAna jala keli madhupAna varNana neminirvANa rAjImatI parityAgAdau" isa vAkya ke sAtha naiminirvANa ra rAjImatI parityAga nAmake do granthoM kA samullekha kiyA hai / unameM se neminirvANa ke 8veM sarga meM jala krIr3A aura 10 vaM sarga meM madhupAna surata kA varNana diyA huA hai| hAM, 'rAjImatI parityAga' nAmakA anya koI dUsarA ho kAvya grantha hai jisameM ukta donoM viSayoM ko dekhane kI preraNA kI gaI hai / yaha kAvya grantha sambhavataH paM0 zrAzAdhara jI kA rAjamatI vipralambha yA parityAga jAna par3atA hai / kyoMki vipralambha aura parityAga zabda paryAyavAcI haiN| paNDita prAzAdhara jI kA samaya vikramako 13vIM zatAbdI hai / kavi ne kAvyAnuzAsana meM mahAkavi daNDo vAmana aura vAgbhaTAlaMkAra ke kartA vAgbhaTa dvArA mAne gae, daza kAvya guNoM se kavi ne sirpha mAdhurya, oja aura prasAda ye tIna guNa hI mAne hai / aura zepa guNoM kA unhIM meM antarbhAva kiyA hai' / vAgbhaTTAlaMkAra ke kartA kA samaya 12vIM zatAbdI hai / isa sarva vivecana se kavi vAgbhaTa kA samaya vikrama kI 13vIM zatAbdI kA upAntya aura 14vIM kA pUrvArdha ho sakatA hai / ravicandra ( prArAdhanA samuccaya ke kartA) muni ravicandra ne apanI guru paramparA saMgha-gaNa- gaccha aura samaya kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyA / inakI ekamAtra kRti 'ArAdhanA samuccaya, hai jo DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhye dvArA sampAdita hokara mANikacandra granthamAlA se prakAzita ho cukA hai / 1. iti daNDi vAmanavAgbhaTAdipraNItA dazakAvyaguNAH / vayaM tu mAdhuryojaprasAda lakSaNAstrIneva guNA manyAmahe, zeSAsteSvevAntarbhavanti / tadyathA-mAdhurye kAntiH saukumArya ca, ojasizlepaH samAdhirudAratA ca / prasAde'rtha vyaktiH samatA cAntarbhavati / ( kAvyAnuzAsana 2, 31)

Page #459
terahavIM aura caudahavI zatAbdI ke AcArya, vidvAna aura kavi 425 prastuta grantha meM saMskRta ke 252 zloka haiN| jinameM ArAdhanA, ArAdhaka, pArAdhanopAya tathA pArAdhanA kA phala, ina cAroM ko ArAdhanA ke cAra caraNa batalAye haiN| guNa-gaNI ke bhedase ArAdhanA ke do prakAra batalAye haiN| sAtha meM samyagdarzana samyagjJAna, samyak cAritra aura samyak tapa ye pArAdhanA ke cAra guNa khe| ina cAroM pArAdhanAoM ke svarUpa aura bheda-prabhedoM kA sundara varNana diyA hai| cAritra pAgadhanA kA svarUpa aura bheda-prabhedoM kA unakA kAla aura svAmI batalAye haiN| samyaka tapa pArAdhanA ke svarUpa bheda prabheda varNana karane ke pazcAta dhyAna ke bheda aura svAmI prAdi kA paricaya karAyA gayA hai| dvAdaza anuprekSAyoM kA varNana masthAna vicayadharmadhyAna meM pariNata kara diyA hai| isa grantha ke kartA vartamAna maisUra rAjyantargata panasoge' nivAsI muniravicandra hai| ' grantha meM racanAkAla diyA huA nahI hai| raTTakavi arhaddAsa yaha jaina brAhmaNa the| inake pitA kA nAma nAgakumAra thaa| yaha kannar3a bhApA ke prakANDa vidvAna the| kavi kA samaya san 1300 IsvI ke Asa-pAsa hai / yaha gaMga mArasiha ke camapati kAimarasa kA vazaja hai / kAimarasa var3A vIra aura parAkramI thaa| vArendura ke jItane vAle rAjA mArasiha kA eka kilA thaa| isa kile kA kisI ca vartA kI menAne ghera liyA thaa| mArasiMha kI AjJA se kADama rasa ne bar3I bahAdurI ke sAtha cakravartI kI menA ko bhagA dI, aura dhvanA girAdI, tathA vAraha sAmanta yoddhAoM ko parAsta kiyaa| isame rAjA bahana prasanna hanA / ataeva usane kADamagma ko 25 grAmoM kI eka jAgIra pAritopika meM de dI / isI kADamarasa ko 15vA pIr3hI meM nAgakumAra nAma kA vyakti hmaa| kavindra ahaMdAsa isI nAgakumAra kA putra thaa| ___ isane kannaDa meM adumata nAma ke mahatvapUrNa jyotiSa grantha kI racanA kI hai| yaha grantha pUrA nahIM milatA zakasaMvatakI 14vIM zatAbdI meM bhAskara nAma ke Andhra kavi ne isa grantha kA telagU bhASA meM anuvAda kiyA thaa| isa grantha ke upalabdha bhAga meM varSA ke cinha, AkasmikalakSaNa, zakuna vAyucaka gRhapraveza bhUkapa bhUjAta phala, utpAta lakSaNa indra dhanurlakSaNa prathama garbhalakSaNa, droNa sakhyA, vidyutalakSaNa, pratimUryalakSaNa savatsaraphala, grahadvepa meghoM ke nAma kUlavarNa, dhvanivicAra, dezavRSTi, mAsaphala, nakSatraphala, aura sakrAntiphala Adi viSayoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| bAlacandra paNDitadeva vAlacandra nAma ke aneka vidvAna ho gae hai| unameM se eka bAlacandra kA ullekha kambadahallI meM kambadarAya stambha meM milatA hai| inakA samaya zaka saM0 1040 (vi0 saM0 1157) hai| inake guru kA nAma rAddhAntArNava pAraga anantavIrya aura ziSya kA nAma siddhAntAmbhonidhi prabhAcandra thaa| (jaina lekha saM0 bhA02 lekha naM0 266 pa0396) dUsare bAlacandra ve hai jinakA ullekha vUvanahalli (maisUra) ke 10 vIM sadI ke kannar3a lekha meM bAlacandra siddhAnta bhaTTAraka ke ziSya kamalabhadra gurudvArA eka mUrti kI sthApanA kI gaI thii| (jaina lekha saM0 bhAga 4 p070)| tIsare bAlacandra ve haiM jinako zaka saM966 meM uttarAyaNa saMkrAnti ke samaya yApanIya sagha punnAga vRkSa mUlagaNa ke bAlacandra bhaTTAraka ko kucha dAna diyA gayA thaa| (jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 4 pR0 81) / cauthe bAlacandra ve haiM jinako san 1112 meM mUlasaMgha dezIgaNa pustaka gaccha ke prAcArya vardhamAna muni ke ziSya - 1. paM0 ke bhujabalI zAstrI ke anusAra maimUrajilAntarkhati kRSNagajanagara tAluke meM sAle grAma me lagabhaga 5 mIla kI dUrI para avasthita hanasoge (panamoge) hI ArAdhanA samuccaya kA racanAsthala hai / vahAM eka trikUTa jinAlaya hai jisameM AdinAtha aura neminAtha kI mUrtiyAM virAjamAna haiN| -anekAnta varSa 23 ki0 5-6 pR0 234 2. zrI ravicandra munIndraH panasoge grAma vAsibhigranthaH / racito'ya makhilazAstra pravINa vidvnmnohaarii|| 42 -

Page #460
426 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 bAlacandra vratI ke ziSya arhanandi veTTadeva ko pArzvanAtha vasadi ke liye bhUmidAna die jAne kA ullekha hai (jaina lekha saM0 bhA0 4 pR0 134) pA~caveM bAlacandra ve haiM jo mUlasaMdha dezIgaNa panasoge zAkhA ke nayakIti siddhAnta cakravarti ke ziSya adhyAtmI bAlacandra ke upadeza se vimmiseTi ke putra kesarameTi ne velara meM san 1180 meM mUrti kI pratiSThA kI thii| (jana lekha saM0 bhA0 4 pR0 270) / chaThe bAlacandra ve haiM, jo mAdhavacandra vidya ke gipya the, aura kavi kandarpa kahalAte the| inhoMne zaka 1127, raktAkSI saMvatsara meM dvitIya pauSa zukla 2 ko belagA~va ke raTTajinAlaya ke lie vIcaNa dvArA zubhacandra ko die jAne vAle lekha ko likhA thaa| ataeva inakA samaya zaka 1127 san 1204 (vi0 sa0 1261) hai| (jaina lekha saM0 bhA04 10236) / inameM prastuta bAlacandra paNDitadeva mUlasaMgha deziyagaNa pustaka gaccha kundakUndAnvaya iMgalezvara zAkhA ke thI samRdAya kara mAghanandi bhaTTAraka ke prazipya aura nemicandrabhaTTAraka ke dIkSita ziSya the / aura abhayacandra saiddhAntika unake zruta guru the / ye balacandra prati zrutamuni ke aNuvrata guma the zrutamuni ne bhI bAlacandra muni ko abhayacandra kA zipya batalAyA hai ___ "siddhatA'hayacaMdassa ya sisso bAlacanda muNi pvro|" (bhAvasaMgraha) abhayacandra ne svayaM gommaTasAra jIvakANDa kI manda prabodhikA TIkA meM bAlacandra paNDita deva kA ullekha kiyA hai / inhoMne dravyamaMgraha kI TIkA zaka saM0 1165 (vi0 ma01330) meM vanAI thii| bAlacandra ke sana 1274 ke samAdhi lekha meM saMskRta ke do padyoM meM batalAyA hai ki ve bAlacandra yogIzvara jayavaMta hoM, jo jaina AgamarUpI samudra ke baDhAne ke lie candra, kAmake abhimAna ke khaMDaka, aura bhavyarUpa kamaloM ko praphullita karane ke lie divAkara hai, guNoM ke sAgara, dayA ke samudra, tathA abhayacandra munipati ke ziSyottama hai. apanI prAtmA meM rata haiM / jinhoMne isa jagata meM pUrvAcAryoM kI paramparA gata jinastotra, pAgama adhyAtma zAstra race, ve abhayendu yogI prakhyAta zipya bAlacandra vratI se jaina dharma zobhAyamAna hai| yathA zrIjainAgamavAdhivarddhana vidhuH kaMdarpadapiho, bhavyAmbhojadivAkaro guraNanidhiH kaarunnysaudhoddhiH| sazrImAn prabhayendra sanmunipati prakhyAta ziSyottamo, jIvyAt....... nijAtmanirato bAlendu yogIzvaraH // pUrvAdhAryaparamparAgata jinastotrAgamAdhyAtmasa, cchAstrANi prathitAni yena sahasA bhavannilAmaMDale / zrImanmAnyebhayenduyogivibudhaprakhyAtasatasUnunA, bAlenduvatiyena tenalasati zrIjana|madhunA / / -(ma0 maisUra ke prAcIna smAraka pR0 278) inabAlacandra paNDita deva kI gahastha zipyA mAliyakke thii| prastuta bAlacandra kA svargavAsa san 1274 meM huA hai| ata: yaha bAlacandra IsA kI 13 vIM zatAbdI ke antima caraNa aura vikrama kI 14 vI zatAbdI ke vidvAna the| indra nandI indranandI ne apanI guru paramparA aura grantha racanAkAla Adi kA ullekha nahIM kiyaa| inakI eka kRti 1. gommaTasAra jIvakANDa kalakattA saMskaraNa pR0 150 / 2. jaina lekha ma0 bhA0 3 pR. 266 /

Page #461
terahavI aura caudahavI zatAbdI ke prAcArya vidvAna aura kavi 427 'chedapiNDa' hai| jo 333 gAthA ko sakhyA kA lie hue hai| prastuta grantha kA vipaya prAyazcitta hai| prAyazcitta-viSayaka yaha grantha eka mahatvapUrNa kRti hai| prAyazcitta, chada, malaharaNa, pApanAzana, zuddhi, puNya pavitra, aora pAvana ye saba usake paryAyavAcI nAmAntara hai ' / imame sandeha naho ki prAyazcitta sa citta zuddhi hotI hai| aora citta zuddhi prAnma vikAsa meM nimitta hai| cittagaddhi ke binA prAtmA ganimalatA naho paatii| ata prAtma vikAsa ka icchuka mumukSa jano ko prAyazcitta karanA upayogI hai, jJAnI ko Atma nirIkSaNa karate hue apane dopA yA aparAdho ke prati mAvadhAna honA par3atA hai| anyathA dopA kA uccheda sambhava nahI hai| kima dopa kA kyA prAyazcitta viAhata he yahI isa grantha kA viSaya hai| jisakA kathana aneka paribhApAyo aora vyAkhyAo dvArA diyA hai| indanando ne yaha grantha mUni, prAyikA, thAvaka, zrAvikArUpa caturvidha sagha ora brAhmaNa-kSatriya-vazya-prAra zUdrarUpa cAro varNa ke mabhI strA-pUSA ko lakSya karake likhA gayA hai| sabhI se bana par3ane vAle dApo kA aparAdhI ke prakAra kA--bhAgamAdi vihita tapazcaraNAdirUpa zodhano kA- grantha meM nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| cheda zAstra ke sAtha isakI tulanA karane se aisA jAna paTanA hai ki eka dUsare ke sAmane ye grantha rahe hai| cheda zAstra ke kartA kA nAma ajJAta hai / chedazAstra kI 2-3 gAthAe chedapiNDa meM prakSipta hai / kyoki vahA unakA honA upayukta nahI hai| chApaNDa kI dUsarI pratiyo me ve nahI pAI jaatii| ataeva va vahA prakSipta hai| kucha gAthAnA meM samAnatA bhI pAI jAtI hai| isa kAraNa merI rAya meM chedapiNDa ke kartA ke sAmane chedazAstra avazya rahA hai| chedapiNDa vyavasthita svatatra kRti mAlama hotI hai| indranandI ne apane ko gaNI aura yogIndra vizeSaNoM ke sAtha ullekhita kiyA hai| indranandI nAma ke aneka vidvAna ho gae hai : prathama indranandI va hai, jA bAsavanandI ke garu the| dUsare indranandI va hai jo vAsavanandI ke praziSya pAra balanandI ke zipya the, aura jinhoMne zaka ma0861 (vi0 sa0666) meM jvAlAmAlinI kalpa kI racanA kI hai| sambhavata. gommaTasAra ke karmA nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI ke bhI guru yahI jAna paDate hai| tIsare indranandI zratAvatAra ke kartA hai / inakA samaya nizcita nahI hai| cauthe indranandI kA ullekha malliSeNa prazasti me pAyA jAtA hai| jo zaka ma0 1050 (vi0 sa01185) me utkIrga kI gaI hai| pAcave indranandI bhaTrAraka nItisAra ke kartA hai| yaha grantha 113 zlokAtmaka hai| isameM jina prAcAryoM ke grantha pramANa mAne jAte hai| uname zloka 70 me somadevAdi ke sAtha prabhAcandra pora nemicandra (gommaTasAra ke kartA) kA bhI nAmollekha hai| ima kAraNa ye indranandI unake bAda ke vidvAna hai| chaThe indranandI ve hai| jinhoMne zvetAmbarI vidvAna hemacandra ke yogazAstra kI TIkA zaka sa01180 (vi. sa0 1315) me banAI thI ora jo amarakIti ke ziSya the| yaha yogazAstra TIkA kArajA bhaDAra sAtave indranandI mahitA grantha ke kartA hai| ina sAta indranandI nAma ke vidvAnoM meM se yaha nizcita karanA kaThina hai ki kauna se indranandI chedapiNDa grantha ke kartA hai| pa0 nAtharAma jI premI ne saditA grantha ke kartA indranandI ko chedapiNDa kA kartA batalAyA hai| aura mukhtAra sA0 ne nItisAra ke kartA indranandI ko chedapiNDa kA kartA sUcita kiyA hai| bahata sabhava he nItisAra ka kartA ho chedapiNDa ke kartA nizcita ho jaay| nItimAra ke kartA kA samaya vinama kI terahavI zatAbdI mAnA jAtA hai| inhone apane daivajJa pAra kunda 1. pAyachitta so hI malaharaNa pAvAgamagaM chado / pjjaayaa....| chandazAstra 2. degyo, pugatana vAkya-mU cI kI prastAvanA pR0 106 3 durita gaha-nigrahAdbhaya yadi bho bhari-narendra-bandinam / nanu tena hi bhavyadehinA bhajata zrI munImindine / / -mallipeNa pragati

Page #462
428 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 kunda prabhu ke caraNoM kI vinaya karanevAlA sUcita kiyA hai| isase yaha mUlasaMgha ke vidvAna jJAta hote haiM / merI rAya meM yaha chedapiNDa ke kartA ho sakate haiN| vimalakIti prastuta vimalakIti vAgaDasaMdha ke rAmakorti ke ziSya the / yaha rAmakIti vahI hai jo jayakIti ke ziSya the| aura jinakI likhI haI prazasti cittaur3a meM maMvat 1207 meM utkIrNa kI haI upalabdha hai| vimalakIti kI do racanAe~ haiN| sokhavai vihANa kahA' aura sugandhadasamo khaa| donoM kathAnoM meM vrata kA mahattva ora usake vidhAna kA kathana kiyA gayA hai / jagatsundarI prayogamAlA ke kartA yaza.kIrti bhI vimalakAti ke zipya the / inakA samaya vikrama kI 13 vIM zatAbdI hai| meghacandra yaha mUlasaMgha, dezIgaNa, kundakundAnvaya, pustaka gaccha aura iMgalezvara vali ke vidvAna the / inake guru kA nAma bhAnUkIti thA ora praguru kA vAhubali thaa| yaha candranAtha pArzvanAtha vasadi kA purohita thaa| anantapura jile ke tADapatrIya zilAlekha meM prakaTa hai ki usa sthAna para eka jaina mandira aura jaina guruoM kI prabhAvazAlI paramparA thii| unheM uma pradeza ke sAmAntoM se marakSaNa prApta thA / yaha zilAlekha san 1168 I0 kA hai, jisameM udayAditya sAmanta ke dvArA meghacandra ko bhamidAna dene kA ullekha hai / (Jainism in South India P. 22) isame prastuta meghacandra vikrama kI 13vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna hai| inakI koI racanA upalabdha nahI hai| kumudendu mUlasagha-nandisaMgha balAtkAra gaNa ke vidvAna the| ina kuma dendu yogI ke ziSya mAghanandi saiddhAntika the / paravAdigirivajra aura sarasa kavitilaka inake upanAma the| inakI eka mAtra kRti 'kamudenda-rAmAyaNa' nAma kA grantha hai / isa grantha kI prazasti se jJAta hotA hai ki-yaha padmanandi vratI kA putra thA, aura isakI mAtA kA nAma kAmAmbikA thA / padmanandi vratI sAhitya kumudavana candracatura catuvidhi pANDitya kalA zatadanavikasana dinamaNivAdi dharAdhara kRliza-kavi makhamaNimakUra, upAdhiyAM thii| inake pitavya (kAkA) zrI arhanandi vrati batalAye gaye hai| unheM paramAgama nATaka tarka vyAkaraNa nighaNTu chandolaG kRti carita purANa paDaGgastuti nIti smRtivedAnta bharata sarata mantrIpadhi sahita nara turaga gajamaNigaNa parIkSA pariNata vizeSaNoM ke sAtha ullekhita kiyA gayA hai| inakA samaya san 1260 ke lagabhaga hai| (karnATaka jaina kavi) guNabhadra yaha mUlamaMgha dezIgaNa ora pustakagaccha kundakundAnvaya ke gagana divAkara the| inake ziSya nayakIrti siddhAnta deva the, aura prazipya bhAnu kIti vratIndra ko, jinheM zaka sa0 1065 ke vijaya saMvata meM hoyyasala vaMza ke vallAla nareza ne pArzvanAtha aura caubIsa tIrthakaro kI pUjana hetu 'mAsa halli' nAma kA gAMva dAna meM diyA thaa| pratAva inakA samaya vitrama savata 1230 hai| aura inake praguru guNabhadra kA samaya inameM kama se kama 25 varSa parva mAnA jAya to unakA samaya vikrama kI 12vI zatAbdI kA antima caraNa aura 13vIM kA prArambhika bhAga mAnA jA sakatA hai| (jaina lekha saM0 bhA0110 385) prabhAcandra prastuta prabhAcandra zravaNavelagola ke zaka saMvat 1118 ke utkIrNa hue zilAlekha naM0 130 meM, aura zaka saM0 1. rAmakitti guruviNa u karaviNa vimalakitti mAla par3e vinn| -mugandha dasamI kahA pra.

Page #463
terahavIM aura caudahavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, vidvAna aura kavi 426 1125 ke 12: veM zilAlekha meM nayakIti siddhAntadeva ke ziSyo meM prabhAcandra kA nAmollekha hai| isase ve nayakIti ke ziSya the| nayakIti kA svargavAsa zaka saMvat 1066 (san 1177-vi0 saM0 1234) meM huA thA / aisA zilA lekha naM042 se jJAta hotA hai| ataH yaha prabhAcandra vikrama kI 13vI zatAbdI ke vidvAna haiN| aNDayya inake pitAmaha kA nAma bhI aNDayya thaa| jinake tIna putra the| zAnta, gammaTa aura vaijaNa / jyeSTha putra zAnta kI patnI ballabbe ka garbha se prastuta aNDayya kA janma huA thaa| inakA nivAsa sthAna kannaDa thaa| isakA racA huyA 'kabbigara' nAma kA eka kAvya grantha hai, jo zuddha kannar3I bhASA kA grantha hai| isameM saMskRta kA mizraNa nahIM hai| isane janna kavi kI stuti ko hai / ataeva isakA samaya 1240I0 ke lagabhaga mAnA jA sakatA hai / yaha IsA kI 13vI zatAbdI kA kavi thaa| zizu mAyaNa yaha hoyasala deza ke antargata nayanApura nAma kA eka grAma hai| umako mamIpa kAverI nadI kI nahara bahatI hai bhAra vahA~ devarAja ke iSTAnumAra gajagaja ne bhagatAna neminAtha kA vizAla mandira banavAyA hai| isa hI grAma meM ukta kavi ke pitAmaha mAyaNa meTrI rahate the| ve bar3e bhArI dhanika aura vyApArI the| unakI strI tAmarasi ke garbha se bAmameTTi nAma kA putra huaA / vAgmameTTi kI strI nemAvikA ke garbha se kavi zizumAyaNa kA janma huA thaa| kANUra gaNa kaM bhAnumuni isake guru tha / kavi ne do grathoM kI racanA kI hai| tripura dahanasAgatya, aura aMjanAcarita / inameM ajanA carita kI racanA kavi ne belukere pura ke rAjA gummaTa deva kI ruci aura preraNA se kI thii| inakA samaya IsA kI 13vI zatAbdI hai / pArzva paMDita yaha paDita sodattike radarAja vaMzI kAtivIrya (1202-1220) kA sabhA kavi thaa| isane apane eka padya meM kahA hai ki-- kArtavIrya kA putra lakSmaNovIrya thaa| yaha lakSmaNovIrya 1226 meM rAjya karatA thaa| bAmbe kI rAyala eziyATika sosAiTA ke janala meM jo eka zilAlekha prakAzita hA hai, use pArzva kavi ne zaka samvata 1127 san 1205 me likhA thA, usame likhA hai ki-'kANDI maNDala ke veNugrAma meM radRvaMzIya rAjAkArtavIrya,-jo mallikAjuna ke sahodara bhAI the rAjya karate the / pora unhoMne apane maNDala ke prAcArya zubhacandra bhaTTAraka ke liye ukta grAma kara rahita kara diyA thaa| yaha zilAlekha pArzvakavi kA hI likhA huA hai / isameM isalie bhI sandeha nahI rahatA ki kavi, ne apane 'pArzvapurANa' me jisa kavikula tilaka viruda ko apane nAma ke sAtha jor3A hai, vahI ukta zilAlekha ke bhI antima padya meM likhA hai| isame isa kA samaya 1205 ke lagabhaga nizcita hotA hai| sukavijana manoharpa zasyapravarSa budhajana manaH padminI pamitra, kavikula tilaka Adi isake prazasA sUcaka upanAma the| isakI ekamAtra kRti pArzva purANa grantha upalabdha hai, jo gadya-padya-maya campU grantha hai| isameM solaha AzvAsa hai| gratha ke prArambha meM jinakI stuti karake kavi ne siddhAntasena se lekara voranandI paryanta gurupoM kI, aura papa ponna, ranna, dhanaMjaya, bhUpAladeva, accaNNa aggala, nAgacandra, boppaNa Adi pUrva kaviyo kI stuti kI hai| kavi ne svaya apane isa grantha kI cAra padyoM meM prazasA kI hai / akalaka bhaTTa ne apane zabdAnuzAsana (1604) ma isa gratha ka bahuta se padya udAharaNa svarUpa uddhRta kiye haiM kavi kA samaya san 1205 (vi0 sa0 1262) hai| kavi janna janna-kA janma kamme nAmaka vaMza meM hanA thaa| inake pitA kA nAma zaMkara aura mAtA kA nAma gaMgAdevI thA zaMkara hayazAlavaMzIya rAjA narasiha ke yahA~ kaTakopAdhyAya (yUddha vidyA kA zikSaka yA senApa

Page #464
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 ke guru rAmacandradeva nAma ke muni the, jo mAdhavacandra ke ziSya the| rAmacandradeva jagadeka malla ke darabAra ke kaTakopA dhyAya the yaha janna ke guru nAgavarma ke bhI guru the| janna kavi saktimUdhArNava grantha ke kartA mallikArjuna kA sAlA aura zabdamaNidarpaNa ke kartA kezirAja kA mAmA thaa| yaha colakUla narasihadeva rAjA ke yahA~ sabhI kavi, senAnAyaka aura mantrI bhI rahA hai| yaha bar3A bhArI dharmAtmA thaa| isane kilekAla durga meM anantanAtha kA mandira aura dvAra samudra ke vijayI pArzvanAtha ke madira kA mahAdvAra banavAyA thaa| isakI yazodharA caritra, anantanAtha purANa aura zivAya smaratantra nAma kI tIna racanAeM milatI haiN| isakA samaya san 1206 I0 karnATaka kavi racita meM diyA huA hai| zrI koti yaha mUni- kundakundAcArya kI paramparA ke nandi sagha ke vidvAna the| jo citrakaTa se neminAtha tIrthakara kI yAtrAke liye giranAra jAte hae gujarAta kI rAjadhAnI aNahilapUra ma praaye| vahA unheM rAjA ne maNDalAcArya kA viruda (pada) pradAna kiyA aura unakA satkAra kiyaa| inakA samaya vikrama kI 13vI zatAbdI hai| (devo verAvala kA zilAlekha jaina lekha sa0 bhA0 4 pR0 220) zAke liye giranAra jAkA satkAra kiyaa| kA zilAlekha jana saya mahAbala kavi mahAbala kavi-bhAradvAja gotrIya brAhmaNa thaa| isake pitA kA nAma rAyideva aura mAtA kA nAma rAjayakkA thaa| gurukA nAma mAdhavacandra thA jo vidya kI upAdhi se upalakSiA the| kyoMki neminAtha purANa ke azvAsa ke anta meM--'mAdhavacandra vidya cakravartI zrIpAdapadamaprasAdasAdita sakalakalAkalApa" ityAdi vAkya likha kara apanA nAma likhA hai| sahajakavimalageha (1) mANikyadIpa, aura vizvavidyAviraMci, kavi ina tIna nAmoM se prasiddha thaa| isakI ekamAtra kRti neminAtha purANa upalabdha hai| jima meM 22 pAzvAsa hai / usameM pradhAnatA meM harivaMza aura kuruvaza kA varNana hai| yaha kanar3I bhASA kA campU grantha hai| isake prArambha meM neminAtha tIrthakara, siddha, sarasvatI Adi kI stuti karake bhUtabali meM lekara puppamena paryanta AcAryoM kA stavana kiyA gayA hai / isake pazcAt apane prAzrayadAtA ke nAyaka aura apanA paricaya dekara kavi ne grantha prArambha kiyA hai| ketanAyaka paramavIra aura svaya kavi thaa| usI ke anurodha se isa grantha kI racanA huI hai| Aya kI racanA sundara aura prauDha hai / kavi ne ise zaka savat 1176 (I0 san 1254) meM samApta kiyA hai| laghu samantabhadra laghu samantabhadra-inakI guru paramparA aura gaNa-gacchAdi kA koI paricaya nahI miltaa| inhoMne prAcArya vidyAnandakI aSTasahasrI para 'viSama padatAtparyavRtti' nAmaka TippaNa likhA hai, jo aSTasahasrI ke vipama padoM kA artha vyakta karatA hai| inakA samaya vikrama kI 13vI zatAbdI batalAyA jAtA hai| inake TippaNa kI prAcIna prati pATana ke jJAna bhaNDAra meM upalabdha hai| devaM svAminamamalaM vidyAnadaM praNamya nijabhaktyA / vivRNomyaSTasahasrI viSamapadaM laghusamantabhadro'ham / / antima ziSTa kRta duI STi sahasrI dRSTI kRta paradRSTi shsrii| spaSTI kurutAdiSTasahasrI maramAviSTapamaSTasahasrI ? saM0 1571 va-pUrNa grantha mahatArasA. ke noTa se kulacandra upAdhyAya-saM0 1227 vaizAkha vadi 7 zukravAra ke dina varddhamAnapura ke zAMtinAtha caitya meM sA0 bhalana sA0 gogala ThA. brahmadeva ThA0 kaNadevAdi ne kaTamba sahita ambikAdevI kI mUrti banavAI aura usakI pratiSThA kulacandra upAdhyAya ne kii| isase kulacandra kA samaya vikrama kI 13vI zatAbdI hai|

Page #465
terahavIM aura caudahavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, vidvAna aura kavi sakalacanda bhaTTAraka mUlasaMgha kANUragaNa tintriNI gaccha ke vidvAna the| mahAdeva daNDanAyaka ke guru the / municandra ke ziSya kalabhaSaNati vidya vidyAdhara ke zipya the| zaka varSa 1116 (vi0 sa 1254) meM mahAdeva daNDanAyaka ne 'eraga' jinAlaya banavA kara usameM zAntinAtha bhagavAna kI pratiSThAkara sakalacandra bhaTTAraka ke pAda prakSAlana pUrvaka hiDagaNa tAlAba ke nIce daNDa se nApakara 3 mattala cAvala kI bhUmi, do kolla aura eka dUkAna kA dAna kiyaa| ataH inakA samaya vi0 kI 13vI zatAbdI hai| -- jainalemva saM0 bhA0 3 pR0 246 sakalakoti yaha mAthura saMgha ke prAcArya the| saMvat 1232 me phAlguNa sudI 10 mI ko inake bhakta zreSThI manoratha ke putra kulacandra ne mRti kI pratiSThA kii| (saMvat 1032 phAlguna mudi 10 mAthuramaMce paDitAcArya zrI sakalakIti bhakta zreSTha manoratha muta kulacandra lakSmI pati zreyamekAriteya / ) isI savat meM eka dUsarI mUrti kI bhI pratiSThA unake bhakta sAha hetyAka ke prathama putra vIlhaNa ne kalyANArtha kI thii| (saM0 1232 phAlguna sudi 10 mAthuramaMghe paDitAcArya zrI sakalakoni bhaktina sAha hetyAkena prathama putra vIlhaNa sutena zreyame karaNaye / (kAriteyaM) -dagya, mAgaiTha kA itihAsa nalviguMda mAdirAja isakA janma sAkalya kUla meM hayA thaa| isake pitA kA nAma cAma aura mAtA kA nAma mahAdevI thaa| nalvigada grAma meM isakA janma huA thaa| guNa varma kA puSpadanta purANa I0 san 1226 ke lagabhaga banA hai| usakI eka prati ke anta meM do padya diye hai| padyoM kI racanA dekhane se jJAta hotA hai ki yaha eka acchA kavi thaa| puSpadanta purANa kI pratilipi karane ke kAraNa yaha usase kucha samaya bAda san 1300 ke lagabhaga huaA hogaa| isakI anya koI racanA prApta nahIM huii| zubhacanda yogI inake maMgha gaNa gacchAdi kA koI paricaya' upalabdha nahI hai| saMbhavataH yaha mUlasaMgha ke vidvAna the, tapazcaraNa dvArA prAtma-zodhana meM tatpara the| rAgAdiripumallANa-rAgAdi zatruoM ko-jItane ke liye malla the kaSAya aura indriya jaya dvArA yoga kI sAdhanA meM unhoMne cAra cAMda lagA diye the| usa samaya ve atyanta prasiddha the| jAhiNI prAyikA ne, tapasyA dvArA zarIra kI kSINatA ke sAtha kaSAyoM ko kRzakiyA thaa| usane apane jJAnAvaraNI karmake kSayArtha zubhacandra ke jJAnArNava kI prati likhavA kara saMvat 1284 meM una prasiddha zubhacandra yogI ko pradAna kI thii| isase ina zubhacandra kA samaya vikrama kI 13 vIM zatAbdI hai / -dekho jJAnArNava kI pATana prati kI lipi prazasti / malliSeNa paMDita-- yaha dravila saMgha sthita nandisaMgha arungalAnvaya ke vidvAna zrIpAlavidya deva ke praziSya aura vAsupUjya deva ke ziSya malla paMDita ko zaka varSa 1050 (vi0 saM0 1235) meM pArisaNNa kI mRtyu ke bAda usake putra zAntiyaNa daNDanAyaka ne eka vasadi banavAI aura usake liye bhUmidAna aura dIpaka ke liye tela kI cakkI dAna meM dii| tathA malla gauNDa praura samasta prajA ne gAMva ke ghATa kI prAmadanI, tathA dhAna se cAvala nikAlate samaya anAja kA hissA bhI ukta malliSeNa paNDita ko diyaa| malliSeNa paMDita kA samaya vikrama ko 13vIM zatAbdI hai|

Page #466
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itiAhama - bhAga 2 bAlacanda maladhAri mUla sagha, dezIya gaNa koNDa kundAnvaya pustakagaccha iMgalezvara valika tribhuvanakIrti rAvala ke pradhAna ziSya the / inake priya gRhastha ziSya saMjaya ke putra vommiseTTi tathA melabve se utpanna malli seTTi ne te nagera vasadi ke prasanna pArzvadeva ke liye tammaDiyahalli meM supArI ke 2000 per3oM ke do hisse vazAnu vaMzataka jAne ke liye alaga nikAla diye / aura dopanAyaka ponnavvese utpanna cella pille ko arpita kara diye / cellapallenejo savanagiri zrora bAlendu-mala dhAri deva kA ziSya thA / amarApura ke isa lekhakA samaya zaka 1200 (san 1278 I0 hai / atA va nAlacandra maladhAri kA samaya IsA kI 13vI zatAbdI hai / 432 vAdirAja (dvitIya) yaha vAdirAja kI ziSya paramparA ke vidvAna the / 465 naM ke zilAlekha meM, jo zakma0 1122 (vi0 sa0 1257 ke lagabhaga kA utkIrNa kiyA huA hai, likhA hai ki paT darzana ke adhyetA zrIpAdava ke svargavAsa ho jAne para unake ziSya vAdirAja (dvitIya) ne paravAdimalla jinAlaya' nAma kA mandira banavAyA thA / aura usakI pUjana tathA muniyA ke AhAra dAna ke liye kucha bhUmi kA dAna diyaa| prastuta vAdirAja gaga nareza rAcamalla caturtha yA satya vAkya ke guru the / inakA samaya vikrama kA 13vI zatAbdI hai / (jainalekha sa0 bhA0 110408) trivikramadeva (prAkRta zabdAnuzAsana ke kartA ) yaha grananditraividya muni ke ziSya the / trivikrama kA kula vANasa thA / grAdityavarmA ke pautra aura mallinAtha ke putra the / inake bhAI kA nAma bhAma (deva) thA jo vRtta aura vidyA kA dhAma (sthAna ) thA / yaha dakSiNa deza ke nivAsI the / inakI eka mAtra kRti 'prAkRta zabdAnuzAsana' hai / jo tIna adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai aura svopajJa vRtti se yukta hai / pratyeka adhyAya ke cAra-cAra pAda haiN| isameM hemacandra ke prAkRta vyAkaraNa meM diye hue apabhraMza padyA ko uddhRta kiyA hai, aura unake padyoM ko uddhRta kara unakA khaNDana bhI kiyA hai| isame yaha nizcita hai ki prastuta vyAkaraNa kA racanA kAla hemacandra ke bAda, vikrama kI 13vI zadI hai, DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhye ne inakA samaya 1236 I0 batalAyA hai | vyAkaraNa bahuta acchA hai, isakA adhyayana karane se prAkRta bhASA kA acchA parijJAna ho jAtA hai / DA0 pI0 ela0 vaidya ne isakA sampAdana kiyA hai, aura yaha graMtha jIvarAja graMthamAlA zolApura se san 1954 meM prakAzita ho cukA hai / bhaTTAraka prabhAcanda yaha mUlamaMgha ke bhaTTAraka ratnakIrti ke paTTadhara the / ratnakIrti aura prabhAcandra nAma ke aneka vidvAna prAcArya aura bhaTTAraka ho gae hai| unameM yaha bhaTTaraka prabhAcandra una ratnakIrti ke paTdhara the jo bha0 dharmacandra ke prapaTTa para ajamera meM pratiSThita hue the, jina kA samaya paTTAvalI meM sa0 1296 se 1310 banalAyA gayA hai / paTTe zrI ratnakIrteranupamatapasaH pUjyapAdIyazAstra - vyAkhyA vikhyAtakIrti guNagaNanidhipaH satkriyAcAracaMcaH / 1. zrubha rahanandi vidyamuneH padAmbuja bhramaraH / zrI bANa sakula kamanadya marorAdityavarmaNaH pautraH // zrImallinAtha putro lakSmIgarbhAmRtAmbudhisudhAMzuH / bhAgya vRtta vidyAdhAmno bhrAtA trivikrama. sukaviH // 3

Page #467
terahavI aura caudahavIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, vidvAna aura kavi zrImAnAnandadhAmA prtivdhntmaamaansNdaayivaado| jIyAdAcandratAraM narapatividitaH zrIprabhAcandradevaH // paTTAvalI ke isa padya ge prakaTa hai ki bhaTTAraka prabhAcandra ratnakIti bhaTTAraka ke paTTa para pratiSThita hue the| ratnakIti ajamera par3ha ke bhaTTAraka the| dUsarI padAvalI meM dillI paTTa para bha0 prabhAcandra ke pratiSThita hAne kA samaya saM0 1310 batalAyA hai / aura paTTakAla ma0 1310 me 1385 taka diyA hai, jo 75 varga ke lagabhaga baTanA hai| dUsarI paTTAvalI meM sa0 1310 paupa dI 15 prabhAcandra jI gahamtha varpa 12 dakSA varSa 12 paTTa varSa 78 mAma 11 divasa 15 antara divasa 8 sarva varSa 8 mAsa 11 divasa 3 / (bhaTTAraka sampradAya p061)| bhaTTAraka prabhAcandra jaba bha ratnakIti ke paTTa para pratiSThita hue. uma gamaya dillI meM kimakA gajya thA, isakA ukta paTTAliyoM meM koI ullegna nahI hai| kintu 10 prabhAcandra ke gipya ghanapAla ke tathA dama ziSya brahma nAthagama ke sa01454 aura 1416 ke ullekho se jJAna hotA hai ki prabhAcandra ne muhammada bina tugalaka ke mana ko anajita viyA thA aura vAdI janI ko vAda me pagarata kiyA thA - jamA ki unake nimna vAkyoM meM prakaTa : tahi bhavya hi sumahocchava vihiyau, sirirayaNakitti NTeNihiyau / mahamaMda sAhimaNuraMjiyau, vijjaviAiyamaNubhajiyau // -bAhubali carita prazasti uga samaya dillI ke bhavya jano nAka utsava kiyA thA aura bha0 rakAkAMti ke pada para prabhAcandra ko praniTita kiyA thaa| muhammada bina tugalaka mana 1325 (vi0ma0 1982) me mana 1351 vi0 saM0 1808) taka gajya kiyA hai| yaha bAdazAha bahabhApa:-vija, nyAyI, vidvAnoM kA gamAdara karane vAlA prAra atyanta kaThora zAsaka thaa| ataH prabhAnandra imane rAjya meM ma01385 ke lagabhaga paTTa para pratiSThina hA ho| daga kathana meM paTAliyo kA vaha samaya cha aAnumAnika gA jAna par3atA hai| vaha itihAga kI kagoTI para ThIka nahIM baiThatA / anya kimI pramANa se bhI usakI puSTi nahIM hotii| prabhAcandra apane aneka ziSyoM ke sAtha paTTaNa, khabhAta, dhAganagara aura devagiri hote hae joiNipura (dillI) padhAre the| jaisA ki unake zipya dhanapAla ke nimna ullekha se spaSTa hai: paTaNe khaMbhAyacce dhAraNAra devgiri| micchAmayavihuNaMtu gaNipattau joynnpuri|| vA bali cariu pra0 pAgadhanA pajikA ke ma01416 ke ullekha meM spaSTa hai ki va bha. ratnAti ke paTaTa ko majIna banA rahe the / itanA hI nahI, kintu jahA ve acche vidvAna, TIkAkAra, vyAkhyAtA aura maMtra-tatra-vAdI the, vahA ve prabhAvaka vyaktitva ke dhAraka bhI the| unake aneka zipya the| unhoMne phIrojazAha tugalaka ke anurodha para raktAmbara vastra dhAraNa kara antaHpura meM darzana diye the| usa samaya dillI ke logoM ne yaha pratijJA kI thI ki hama aApako savastra jatI mAnege / isa ghaTanA kA ullekha bakhatAvara zAha ne apane buddhivilAsa ke nimna padya meM kiyA hai : dillI ke pAtisAhi bhaye perojasAhi jaba, cAMdI sAha pradhAna bhaTTAraka prabhAcandra taba, Aye dillI mAMjhi vAda jIte vidyAvara, sAhi rIjhi ke kahI karai darasana aMtahapura, 1. jaina si0 bhA, bhA01 kiraNa 4 / 2. maM0 1416 caitra sudi pacamyA momavAsare sakalarAjaziromukuTamANikyamarIci piMjIkRta caraNakamala pAdapIThasya zrIperojasAheH sakala sAmrAjyadharIvinANasya samaye zrI dilyA zrIkudaku dAcAryAnvaye sarasvatI gacche balAtkAragaNe bha0 zrIratnakItidevapaTTodayAdri taruNataraNitvamurvIkurvANa bhaTTAraka zrI prabhAcandradeva tatziSyANA brahma nAthagama ityA gadhanA paMjikAyA grantha Atma paThanArtha likhApitam / jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa pR051 dusarI prazasti saM0 1416 bhAdavA sudI 13 guruvAra ke gni kI likhI huI dravyasagraha kI hai jo jayapura ke Tholiyo ke mandira ke zAstra bhaNDAra meM surakSita hai / graMtha sUcI bhA0 2, pR0 180 /

Page #468
434 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 tiha samai laMgoTa livAya pani cAMda vinatI uccrii| mAni haiM jatI juta vastra hama saba zrAvaka saugaMda karI // 616 yaha ghaTanA phIrojazAha ke rAjyakAla kI hai, phIrojazAha kA rAjya saM0 1408 se 1445 taka rahA hai| isa ghaTanA ko vidvajjana bodhaka meM saM0 1305 kI batalAI hai jo eka sthUla bhUla kA pariNAma jAna par3atA hai kyoMki usa samaya to phIrojazAha tugalaka kA rAjya hI nahIM thA phira usako sagati kaise baiTha sakatI hai| kahA jAtA hai ki bha0 prabhAcandra ne vastra dhAraNa karake bAda meM prAyazcita lekara unakA parityAga kara diyA thA, kintu phira bhI vastra dhAraNa karane kI paramparA cAlU ho gii| isI taraha aneka ghaTanA kramoM meM samayAdi kI gar3abar3I nathA unheM bar3hA-car3hA kara likhane kA rivAja bhI ho gayA thaa| _ dillI meM alAuddIna khilajI ke samaya rAgho cetana ke samaya ghaTane vAlI ghaTanA ko aitihAsika dRSTi se vicAra kiye binA hI use phIrojazAha tugalaka ke samaya kI ghaTita batalA diyA gayA hai| (dekho buddhi sa pR076 aura mahAvIra jayantI smArikA apraila 1662 kA aMka pR0 128) / rAghava cetana aitihAsika vyakti haiM aura alAuddIna khilajI ke mamaya hue haiM / yaha vyAsa jAti ke vidvAna maMtra, taMtravAdI aura nAstika the| dharma para inako koI prAsthA nahIM thI, inakA vivAda muni mAhavasena se hanA thA, usameM yaha parAjita hue the| aisI hI ghaTanA jinaprabhamUri nAmaka zve0 vidvAna ke sambandha meM kahI jAtI hai-eka bAra samrATa muhammadazAha tugalaka kI sevA meM kAzI se caturdaza vidyA nipuNa maMtra taMtrajJa rAghavacetana nAmaka vidvAna paayaa| usane apanI cAturI se samrATa ko raMjita kara liyaa| samrATa para jainAcArya zrI jinaprabhamUri kA prabhAva use bahuta prakharatA thaa| ataH unheM doSI ThaharA kara unakA prabhAva kama karane ke lie samrAT ko mudrikA kA apaharaNa kara sUrijI ke rajoharaNa meM pracchanna rUpa se DAla dii| (dekho jinaprabhasUri carita pR0 12) / jaba ki vaha ghaTanA alAuddIna khilajI ke samaya ko honI caahie| isI taraha kucha milatI-julatI ghaTanA bha0 prabhAcandra ke sAtha bhI jor3a dI gaI hai| vidvAnoM ko ina ghaTanAcakroM para khaba sAvadhAnI se vicAra kara antima nirNaya karanA caahie| TIkA-grantha paTaTAvalI ke ukta padya para se jisameM yaha likhA gayA hai ki pUjyapAda ke zAstroM kI vyAkhyA se unheM loka meM acchA yaza aura khyAti milI thii| kintu pUjyapAda ke samAdhi taMtra para to paM0 prabhAcandra kI TIkA upalabdha hai| TIkA kevala zabdArtha mAtra ko vyakta karatI hai usameM koI aisI khAsa vivecanA nahIM milatI jisame unakI prasiddhi ko bala mila sake / ho sakatA hai ki vaha TIkA inhIM prabhAcandra kI ho, AtmAnuzAsana kI TIkA bhI inhIM prabhAcandra kI kRti jAna par3atI hai, usameM bhI koI vizeSa vyAkhyA upalabdha nahIM hotii| rahI ratnakANDa zrAvakAcAra kI TIkA kI bAta, so usa TIkA kA ullekha paM0 AzAdharajI ne anagAra dharmAmata kI TIkA meM kiyA hai| "yathAstatraH-bhagavantaH zrImatprabhendupAdAratnakaraNDaTIkAyAM caturAvartatritaya ityAdi sUtra dviniSadyaityasyavyAkhyAnedevavandanAM kurvatAhi prArambhe samAptaucopavizya praNAmaH kartavya iti / " ina TIkAoM para vicAra karane se yaha bAta to sahaja hI jJAta hotI hai ki ina TIkAnoM kA prAdi-anta maMgala aura TIkA kI prAraMbhikasaraNI meM bahuta kucha samAnatA dRSTigocara hotI hai| isase ina TIkAnoM kA kartA koI eka hI prabhAcandra honA cAhiye / ho sakatA hai ki TIkAkAra kI pahalI kRti ratnakaraNDakaTIkA hI ho| aura zeSa, TIkAeM bAda meM banI hoN| para ina TIkAnoM kA kartA prabhAcandra paM0 prabhAcandra hI hai, prameyakamalamAtaMNDa ke kartA prabhAcandra inake kartA nahIM ho skte| kyoMki ina TIkAmoM meM viSaya kA cayana aura bhApA kA vaisA sAmaMjasya athavA usakI vaha prauDhatA nahIM dikhAI detI, jo prameyakamalamArtaNDa aura nyAyakUmUdacandra meM dikhAI detI hai| yaha prAyaH sani.

Page #469
435 terahavIM aura caudahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna AcArya aura kavi cita-sA hai ki ve dhArAvAsI prabhAcandrAcArya jo mANikyanandi ke ziSya the ukta TIkAoM ke karnA nahIM ho sakate / samaya- vicAra prabhAcandra kA paTTAvaliyoM meM jo samaya diyA gayA hai, vaha pravazya vicAraNIya hai / usameM ratnakIrti ke paTTa para baiThane kA samaya sa0 1310 to cintanIya hai hI / saM0 1481 ke devagar3havAle zubhacandra vAle zilAlekha meM bhI ratna - kIrti ke paTTa para baiThane kA ullekha hai, para usake sahI samaya kA ullekha nahI hai / prabhAcandra ke guru ratnakIrti kA paTTakAla paTTAvalI meM 1266-1310 batalAyA hai| yaha bhI ThIka nahIM jaMcatA, sabhava hai ve 14 varSa paTTakAla meM rahe hoM / kintu ve ajamera paTTa para sthita hue aura vahI unakA svargavAsa huaa| aisI sthiti meM samaya sImA ko kucha bar3hA kara vicAra karanA cAhie, yadi vaha pramANoM yAdi ke AdhAra me mAnya kiyA jAya to usameM 10-25 varSa kI vRddhi avazya honI cAhiye, jisase samaya kI saMgati ThIka beTha sake | Age pIche kA sabhI samaya yadi puSkala pramAkI rozanI meM carcita hogA, to vaha prAyaH prAmANika hogA / AzA hai vidvAn loga bhaTTArakIya paTTAvaliyAM meM hue samaya para vicAra kareMge, / diye bhaTTAraka indranandI (yogazAstra ke TIkAkAra) yaha kASThAsaMghAntargata mAthurasaMgha ke vidvAna amarakIti ke ziSya the| jinheM indranandine caturthAgamavedI mumukSunAtha Izin, aneka vAdivraja sevitacaraNa aura loka meM parilabdhapUjana jaise vizeSaNoM ke sAtha ullekhita kiyA hai| yathA - lasaccaturdhAgama vedinaM paraM mumukSunAthA :marakIrtimIzinam / anekavAdivrajasevitakramaM vinamyaloke parilabdhapUjanam ||2|| jinA (nijA) tmano jJAnavide praziSTAM vidvadviziSTasya suyoginAM ca / yogaprakAzasya karomi TIkAM sUrIndranandIhitanandinaMvaM // 3 yaha apane samaya ke acche vidvAna the / ina indranandi kI eka mAtra kRti zvetAmbarAcArya hemacandra kRta yogazAstra kI TIkA hai / jisakA nAmakartA ne yogIramA, sUcita kiyA hai| jaisA ki 'TIkA ke yogiramendra muniyaH' vAkya se jAnA jAtA hai| isa TIkA kI eka prati sva0 paM0 jugalakizora mukhtAra ko karaMjAbhaMDAra se mANika candra jI cavare dvArA prApta huI thii| aura jise bhaTTAraka indranandi ne jainAgama, zabdazAstra bharata (nATya) aura chanda zAstrAdi kI vijJA candramatA nAma kI cAru vinayA (vinayazIla) ziSya ke bodha ke liye banAI thii| jaisA ki prazasti ke nimna padya vAkyoM se spaSTa hai " zrI jainAgamazabdazAstra bharata chandobhimukhyA dikavetrI candramatIti cAruvinayA tasyA vibodhyaM zubhA / / " TIkA sundara aura viSaya kI pratipAdaka hai| isa TIkA kA vizeSa paricaya anekAnta varSa 20 kiraNa 3 pR0 107 meM dekhanA caahiye| isa TIkA kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana karane se yogazAstra kI mala sthiti para acchA prakAza pdd'egaa| TIkA meM racanA samaya diyA hai| jisase indranandI kA samaya vi0 saM0 1315 nizcita haiM / hemacandra ke 86 varSa bAda TIkA banI hai| hemacandra kA svargavAsa sa0 1226 meM huA hai / prastuta TIkA 11vaM Izvara samvatsara 1180 ( vi0 saM0 1315 ) meM caitra zukla dvitIyA ke dina banAkara samApta kI gaI hai / khASTeze zaradItimAsica zucau zukla dvitIyA tithau, TIkA yogiramendranandimuniyaH zrIyogasArIkRtA / 1. iti yogazAstre 'syA paMcamaprakAzamya zrImadamarakIrti bhaTTArakAraNAM ziSya zrIbhaTTAraka indranandi viracitAyA yogazAstra TIkAyAM dvitIyadhakAraH / " kAraMjA bhaNDAra prati, anekAnta varSa 20 kiraNa 3 pR0 107

Page #470
436 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 zrI jainAgama zabdazAstra-bharata chandomimukhyAdika vetrI candramatIti cAruvinayA tasyA vivodhya zubhA // zvetAmbarIya yogazAstra para digambarIya vidvAna dvArA likhI gaI yaha TIkA avazya prakAzanIya hai| usase kitanI hI bAtoM para nayA prakAza pdd'egaa| bAlacanda kavi yaha malasaMgha deziya gaNa daMga nezvara zAkhA ke vidvAna nemicandra paNDitadeva ke ziSya the / inakI eka mAtra kati 'udyogamAra' hai, jo kanar3IbhApA meM racA gayA hai| kavi ne grantha meM apanA nAma vyakta nahI kiyaa| kintu nimna padya meM apane ko nemicandra kA zipya sUcita kiyA hai: tha tanidhi vimaladayAmbudhivitatayazodhAmanemicandra muniindrH| zrutalakSmI dvitayakkaM sutanonisi sutatvadaziyeti suvudaride / / zravaNa belagola ke zaka sa0 1205, san 183 I. ke lekha meM mahAmaNDalAcArya zrI malasaMghIya iMgalezvara dezIyagaNAgragaNya gajagama nemicanda paNTina deva kA varNana kara unake ziSya vAlacanda kA ullekha kiyA hai / isase yaha IsA kI 13vI zatAbdI ke antimacaraNa aura vi. kI 14vI zatAbdI ke kavi haiN| devasena (bhAvasaMgraha ke kartA) devasena nAma ke aneka vidvAna ho gae hai| unaga bhAvasaMgraha ke kartA ve devamena haiM jo vimalamaina ke ziSya thaM / darzanasAra vaM. kartA devamena ina se bhinna hai| unakA samaya vikrama kI 10vIM zatAbdI hai| kintu bhAvasaMgraha ke kartA devasena momadeva aura rAjadokhara ke bAda ke vidvAna hai| darzanasAra ke kartA vimalasena ke gipya nahIM the, isase bhI dono kI pRthakatA spaSTa hai / bhAvanagraha ke kartA uname pazcAdvI vidvAn haiN| bhAvasaMgraha meM 701 gAthAeM haiM jinameM caudaha guNasthAnoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| prathama gaNasthAna ke varNana meM mithyAtva ke pAMca bhedoM kA ullekha karate hA brahmavAdiyoM ko viparIta mithyAdaSTi batalAyA hai ora likhA hai ki va jala se zuddhi mAnate hai, mAMsase pitaroM kI tRpti, pazughAta se svarga aura gau ke sparga se dharma mAnate haiM / isakA vivecana karate hue snAna dUpaNa aura mAsa dUpaNa kA kathana kiyA hai aura unakI AlocanA kI hai| prastuta grantha malasagha kN| pAmnAya kA pratIta nahIM hotA, kyAki usameM kitanA hI kathana usa grAmnAya ke viruddha aura asambaddha pAyA jAtA hai| pacama guNasthAna kA varNana lagabhaga 250 gAthAnA meM kiyA gayA hai| kintu usameM thAvaka ke 12 vratoM ke nAma ora apTamUlaguNo ke nAma to ginA diye kintu unake svarUpAdi kA kathana nahIM kiyA aura na sapta vyasana aura 11 pratimAoM kA svarUpa hI diyaa| hAM dAna pUjAdi viSaya kA kathana vistAra se diyA hai| isa guNasthAna ke varNana meM guNavrata aura zikSAvratoM ke bheda to kundakundAcArya ke anusAra batalAe haiM kiMtu sAmAyika ke sthAna meM trikAla sevA kA sthAna diyA gayA hai| bhAvasagraha meM trivarNAcAra ke samAna hI Acamana, sakalIkaraNa, yajJopavIta aura pacAmata abhiSeka kA vidhAna pAyA jAtA hai| itanA hI nahIM kitu indra, agna, kAla, naiRtya, varuNa, pavana, yakSa, soma, daza dikpAloM kI upAsanA, bhagavAna kA uvaTanA karanA, zAstra tathA yuvati vAhana sahita grAhvAna karake bali cara Adi pUjya - .. - - -- - - - - -- ---- 1.TIkA ke vizeSa paricaya ke liye dekheM. anekAnta varSa 20 ki03 meM mukhtAra zrI jugalakizora kA lekha pR0 107 2. jaina legya sa0 bhA0 1 pR0 151-2 3. somamena kRta vivarNAcAra meM bhI daza dikpAlo kA, Ayudha, vAhana, zastra aura yuvati sahita pUjane kA vidhAna hai-oM idrAgni yama neRtya varuNa pavana kuverezAna dharaNa somya: sarvetyAyudha vAhana yuvati sahitA pAyAta AyAta ida maghaM

Page #471
terahavI aura caudahavI zatAbdI vidvAna, AcArya aura kavi dravya tathA yajJa ke bhAga ko vIjAkSara nAma yukta matroM se dene kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| jaisA ki usakI nimna do gAthAyo me prakaTa hai: pAhAhiUNa deve suravai-sihi-kAlaNerie varuNa / pavaNe jara lI sapiya sa vAhaNe sa sattheya // 436 dAuNa pujja davvaM vali caruyaM tahaya gaNNa bhAyaMca / savesi maMte ha ya bIyakkharaNAmajuttehiM / / 440 paM0 kalAzacandra jI siddhAna zAstrI ne somadeva ke upAsakAdhyayana ora bhAvamagraha kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana karake yaha nika nikAlA hai ki bhAvasaMgraha kAra ne somadeva ke upAmakAdhyayana me bahata kUcha liyA hai| upAsakA dhyayana kA racanAkAla vi0 sa0 1016 / ata: bhAvasaMgraha usa ke bAda ko racanA hai| bhAvasagraha ke karmA ne kAladharma kA kathana kapUra majarI se liyA jAna par3atA hai| donA kathanA meM prora zabdoM meM samAnatA dapTigocara hotii| bhAvamagraTa kA zithalAcAra viSayaka varNana usakA arvAcInatA kA dyotaka hai| sva. paM0 milApacandra jI kaTAriyA ne bhI bhAvasaMgraha ke sambadha meM eka vimtata teya 'mahAvIra jayannI' ramArikA meM prakaTa kiyA thaa| usameM bhAvamaMgraha ke kartA ko darzanasAra ke katA se bhinna mAnate hue amnAya viruddha kathana karane kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| gAthA 16vI meM pugatana sAdhanoM kI karma nirjarA me hIna mahananadhArI mAdhano ko nirjaga ko mahatvapUrNa batalAyA hai| varisa sahasseNa puga jaM kamma haNai teNa puNNeNa / taM sapai variseNahu Nijjarayai hINa saMhaNaNoM / / 131 bhAvamagrada kAra ne prAkRta pAra apabhraza ke padyoM ko eka sAtha rakkhA hai| paNDita vAgadeva ne bhAvagagraha kA sarakRtikaraNa kiyA hai / vAmadeva kA samaya vikrama kI 14 vI zatAbdI hai| paNDita prAgAdhara jA ke sAmane gAvamagraha nahIM thaa| yadi hotA to ve usake sambaMdha meM avazya kucha likhate / gaMbhava hai devarIna ne vi0 vI 12vI zatAbdI ke upAntya rAmaya meM igakA sakarana kiyA ho / grantha meM kucha gAdhAe puganI bhI rAgrahIta hai, kucha 15 gatAdI kI bhI hai| yaha mAlika graMtha nahI jAna par3anA / kathana krama kI asambaddhatA bhI isakI avAcAnatA kA sUcaka hai| isa grantha ke sambadha meM anveSaNa honA cAhie, jisase grandha sambaddha ora vastu svarUpa kA prAmANika vivacaka ho ske| zru tamuni mUlasagha, dezIyagaNa, pustaka gaccha kI iMganeTavara zAkhA meM hue hai / ina ke aNuvrata guru vAjendu (bAlacandra) aura munidharma meM dIkSita karane vAle mahAvata guru nabhayacandra siddhAMnI the| inameM bAlacandra muni bho abhaya vandra siddhAMtI ke ziSya the, pora isase ve zratamAna ke jyeSTha garubhAI bhI hae / zAstra guruoM meM bhI abhayasUri siddhAMtI the, jo zabdAgama, paramAgama aura tAgama ke pUrNa jAnakAra the| aora unhoMne rAbhI paravAdiyoM ko jItA thaa| aura pramAcandra muni sAratraya meM-pravacanasAra, magayasAra pAra panAstikAyasAra meM nipuNa the| parabhAva se rahita hue zuddhatmasvarUpa meM lIna the / aura bhavya jano ko pratibodha dene meM sadA tatpara the| zrutamani ne prazasti meM ina sabhI gurugrAM kA jayaghopa kiyA hai / aura cArukIti muni kA bhI jayaghopa kiyA hai jo zravaNabelagolA kI bhaTTArakIya gaddI ke paTTadhara the| aura jinakA nAma cArukIti rUr3ha thaa| unheM kavi ne nayanikSepoM tathA pramANoM ke jAnakAra, saba dharmoM ke vijetA, 1. dekho varNI abhinandana granya pa0 207 meM koladharma paricaya nAma kA lekha

Page #472
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 napagaNa se vanditacaraNa, samasta zAstroM ke jJAtA, aura jinamArga para calane vAle prakaTa kiyA hai| racanAkAla zrutamuni kI tIna racanAe~ hai-bhAvatribhaMgI (bhAvasaMgraha) prAsravatribhaMgI aura paramAgamasAra / inameM prathama kI do racanAoM meM racanA samaya nahIM diyaa| antima racanA paragamasAra meM usakA racanA kAla zaka saMvat 1262 (vi0 saM0 1367) vRSasaMvatsara magazira sudI saptamI garuvAra diyA hai| jaisA ki usakI nimna gAthA se prakaTa hai: sagakAle hu sahasasse visaya-tisaThI 1263 gade du visarise / maggasirasuddhasattami guruvAre granthasaMpuSNo // 224 // isase zrutamuni kA samaya san 1341 (vi0 saM0 1362) hai / arthAt yaha 14vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAn haiM / racanA-paricaya bhAvatribhaMgI- isakA nAma bhAvasaMgraha bhI hai, jo aneka tADapatrIya pratiyoM meM pAyA jAtA hai jaisA ki 'mUla ttarabhAvasarUvaM pavakkhAmi' vAkyoM se prakaTa hai| grantha kI gAthA saMkhyA prazasti sahita 123 hai| isa grantha meM bhAvoM ke tIna bhaMga karake kathana karane se isakA nAma 'bhAvatribhaMgI' rUr3ha ho gayA hai| isameM jIvoM ke prIpazamika Adika kSAyopazamika pAdayika aura pAriNAmika aise pAMca mUlabhAvoM aura inake kramaza: 2,6,18,21 aura 38 aise 53 uttarabhAvoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai / jo caudaha guNasthAnoM, 14 mArgaNAsthAnoM kI dRSTi ko liye hue hai| grantha apane viSaya kA mahatvapUrNa hai / grantha meM racanA kAla diyA huA nahIM hai| prAstravatribhaMgI- isa grantha kI gAthA saMkhyA 62 hai| isameM mithyAtva, avirata, kaSAya, yoga ina mala prAsravoM ke kramazaH 5,12,25,15 aise 57 bhedoM kA guNasthAna praura mArgaNAsthAna kI dRSTi se kathana kiyA hai| isameM gommaTasAra kI aneka gAthAnoM ko mUla kA aMga banAyA gayA hai| antima gAthA meM 'bAlendu' bAlacandra kA jaya gAna kiyA hai, jo zrutamuni ke aNuvrata guru the / isa grantha meM bho racanA kAla nahI diyaa| paramAgamasAra--isakI gAthA saMkhyA 230 hai, aura pATha adhikAroM meM vibhakta hai| paMcAstikAya, SaTdavya 1. aNuvada-guru-bAlendu mahavvada abhayacandra siddhati / satthe bhayasUri-pahAcaMdA khalu suya muriNassa gurU / / 117 siri mUnasaMgha desiya (gaNa) putthaya gaccha koMDakunda murigaNAhaM / (kuMdANaM) paramaNa igalesa balimmi jAda [ssa] muriNa pahANassa // 118 siddhatA'haya cadassa ya sisso bAlacadamuNi pvro| so bhaviya kuvalayAraNa ANada karo sayA jayaU / / 116 saddAgama paramAgama-takkAgama-niravasesa vedI hu| vijida-sayalaNNavAdI jaya u cira abhayasUri siddhati // 120 raNaya-Nikkheva-pamAraNaM jANittA vijida-sayala-parasamayo / vara-Nivai-Nivaha-vaMdiya-paya-mammo cArukitti muraNI / / 121 NAda-raNakhilattha sattho sayalapari dehi pUjimo vimlo| jiraNa-magga-gayaNa-sUro jayau viraM cArukitti muNo // 122 vara sArattaya-riMgauraNo suddhapparao virhiy-prbhaao| bhaviyAgaM paDivohaNaparI pahAcaMdaNAma muNI // 123 --bhAvasaMgraha prazasti

Page #473
terahavIM aura caudahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya aura kavi 436 saptatattva, navapadArtha, bandha, aura bandha ke kAraNa, mokSa aura mokSa ke kAraNoM kA kramazaH varNana diyA huA hai / grantha ke anta meM usakA racanA kAla zaka saM0 1263 (san 1341 (vi0 saM0 1368) vRSasaMvatsara magasira sudi saptamI guruvAra diyA hai / isase zrutamuni 14vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna haiN| ratnayogIndra inhoMne apanI guru paramparA kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyA aura na samaya hI diyaa| inakI eka mAtra kRti 'nAgakumAra carita' hai, jo paMcasargAtmaka hai| aura pAMca sau zloka pramANa saMkhyA ko liye hae hai| jisameM paMcamI vrata ke upavAsa kA mAhAtmya varNita hai| zrI paMcamyupavAsasya phlodaahrnnaatmkm| evaM nAga kumArasya samAptiM caritaM yayau / / iti zrI ratnayogIndraMNopasaMhatya kIrtitam / sahastrArddhamiti granthaye taccaritamuccakaiH // iti zrI nAgakumAra carite zrI paMcamI mahopavAsa phalodAharaNe paMcamaH sargaH / grantha kI yaha prati khaMbhAta ke zvetAmbarIya zAratra bhaMDAra meM avasthita hai / grantha kI yaha prati 14vIM zatAbdI kI likhI huI hai ataeva ratnayogIndra kA samaya vikrama kI 13vIM yA 14vI zatAbdI anumAnita kiyA jA sakatA hai| kulabhadra kUlabhadra ne apanI racanA meM apane nAmollekha ke sivAya anya koI paricaya dene kI kRpA nahIM kii| aura na apanI guru paramparA tathA gaNagacchAdi kA hI ullekha kiyaa| isase inakA paricaya aura samaya nizcita karane meM bar3I kaThinAI upasthita ho rahI hai / isa grantha kI lipibaddha pratiyAM jayapura aura udayapura ke zAstrabhaMDAra meM pAI jAtI hai| isa para paNDita daulatarAma jI kAsalIvAla ne hindI TippaNa bhI likhA hai| jayapura ke vadhIcandra mandira ke zAstrabhaMDAra meM saMvat 1545 kArtika sudI caturthI kI likhI huI pratilipi pAI jAtI hai / isase itanA to sunizcita hai ki yaha grantha saM0 1545 ke bAda kI racanA nahIM hai, kintu usase pUrvavartI hai| inakI ekamAtra kRti 'sAra samuccaya' hai, jo eka upadezika grantha hai racanA sAdhAraNa hote hue bhI usameM sarala zabdoM meM dharma ke sAra ko rakhane kA prayatna kiyA hai| 330 saMskRta ke anuSTupa padyoM dvArA prAtmA ke svahita kA upadeza diyA gayA hai| usameM batalAyA hai ki jo jIva kaSAyoM se malina hai, jinakA mana rAga se anuraMjita hai, vaha cAroM gatiyoM meM dukha uThAtA hai, aura jo vipaya-kaSAyoM se saMtapta nahIM hai kintu unheM jItane kA yatna karatA hai vahI sUkha kA pAtra banatA hai / jo parISahoM ke jItane meM vIra hai, aura indriyoM ke nigraha meM subhaTa hai, aura kaSAyoM ke jItane meM sakSama hai, vahI loka meM zUra-vIra kahA jAtA hai / athavA jo indriyoM ko jItane meM vIra hai, karma baMdhana meM kAyara hai, tattvArtha meM jisakA mana lagA hai| aura jo zarIra se bhI nispRha hai| vahI parISaha rUpI zatruoM ko jItane meM samartha hai| aura vahI kaSAyoM ke jItane meM bhI dhIra hai, vahI zUra vIra kahA jAtA hai / racanA ko dekhate hue yaha anumAna hotA ki prastuta 1. paMcasthi kAyadana chakka taccANi sattaya pdtthaa| Navabandho takakAraNaM mokkho takkAraNaM cedi / ahiyo aTThaviho jiraNavayaNa NirUvido savitthara do| vocchAmi samAseraNa ya suNuya jaNA datta cittA hu // 10 (paramAgamasAra) 2. grantha zvetAmbarIya Santinatha Sain bhan dar cambay meM upalabdha hai| dekho, khaMbhAta bhaMDAra kI sUcI bhA02 3. ayaM tu kulabhadreNa bhavavicchatti kAraNam / drabdho bAlasvabhAvena graMthaH sAra samuccayaH // 325 parISaha jaye zUrAH zUrAzcendriyanigrahe / kaSAyavijaye zUrAste zUgagaditA budhaH / / 210 4. dekho, padya naM0 214, 215 /

Page #474
440 kRti 13vI 18vI zatAbdI ko ho sakatI hai / kulabhadra kA yaha grantha dharma aura nIti kA pradhAna sUkti kAvya hai / jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 nAsti kAma samo vyAdhirnAsti moha samoripuH / nAsti krodha samohnirnAsti jJAna sama sukham // 27 viSayoragadaSTasya kapAya viSamohita / saMyamo hi mahAmatrastrAtA sarvatradehinam // 30 dharmAmRtaM sadA peya dukhAtaGka vinAzanam / yasminpI para saukhya jIvAnAM jAyate sadA ||63 kavi nAgarAja yaha kauzika gotrIya seDimba (meDama ) ke nivAsI the / jahA aneka jina mandira bahu / inake pitA kA nAma viveka viTThaladeva thA, jo jina zAsana dIpaka the aura mAtA kA nAma bhAgojI, bhAI kAma tira thA aura guru grananta vIrya munIndra the / grantha kI puSpikAoM meM unhone apane ko mAsinalada nAgarAja kahA hai / 'sarasvatI mukha-tilaka, kavi mukha-mukura' ubhaya kavitA vilAsa Adi unakI upAdhiyA thI / yana ke prArambha me jinendra, patra para mapThI, sarasvatI Adi ke stavana ke pazcAt unhoMne vIragana, jinasena, mihanandi, gaddha piccha, koNDakanda, gaNabhadra, pUjyapAda, samantabhadra, akalaka kumArIta ( gatagaNAdhIza) dharagena aura anantava meM yadi pUrvavartI grAcAryA kA ullekha kiyA hai / unhoMne pampa, vandhumaM, ponna, ranna, gajAkuza, guNavamaM prora nAganandra Adi pUrvavartI kannar3a kaviyoM se prAtsAhana prApta kiyA thA / inakI racanA 'puNyAstrava campU' jisameM 12 zradhyAya aura 52 kathAeM hai / kavi ne sagara ke logo ke hitArtha apane guru anantavIrya kI grAjJA me TAka savat 1253 san 1339 I0 meM saMskRta se kannaDa meM rUpAntara kiyA hai / kavi ne sUcita kiyA hai ki unakI isa kRti ko Aryamena ne sudhAra kara cittAkarSaka banAyA / prabhAcandra yaha mUla dezIyagaNa pustaka gaccha ke vidvAna the| aura zruta muni ke vidyAguru tha / jo sAratraya meM nipuNa the| isame yaha samayamAra, pravacanamAra aura pacAstikAya ke jJAtA jAna par3ate hai / yaha prabhAcandra vikramako 13vI zatAbdA ke Antya aura 18vI zatAbdI ke pUrvArdha ke vidvAna jAna par3ate hai / kyoMki abhayacandra ddhAntika ke ziSya bAlacandra muni ne jAdhunamuna ke aNuvrata guru hone se unake prAya samakAlIna the| inhoMne zaka sa0 1165 (vi0 ma0 1330) meM dravya saMgraha para TAkA likhI hai / digambara jaina grantha kartA ora unake grantha; nAma kI sUcI meM unakA samaya vi0sa0 1316 kA ullekha hai, jo prAyaH ThIka jAna par3atA hai / madhura kavi yaha vAjivaza ke bhAradvAja gotra meM utpanna huA thA / inake pitA kA nAma viSNu aura mAtA kA nAma nAgAmvikA thA / bukkara rAya ke putra harihara (dvitIya 1377 - 1404 I0 ) kA mantrI isakA popaka thA / (bhUnAthAsthAna cUr3AmaNi madhura kavIndra ) vizeSaNa se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki yaha harihara rAya dvitIya kA grAsthAna kavi yA sabhA kavi thaa|' isI rAjA ke rAjyakAla meM ratna karaNDa kannar3a ke kartA zrAyatavarmA aura paramAgamasAra ke kartA candrakabhI hue haiM / kavivilAsa, kavirAja kalA vilAsa, kavi mAdhava madhura mAdhava, sarasa kavi rasAlavanta bhAratI' mAnasa keli rAjahna Adi isako upAdhiyA thI / isakA do kRtiyA~ prApta hai| dharmanAtha purANa aura gommaTASTaka | yadyapi dharmanAtha purANa pUrA nahI milatA / para upalabdha bhAga se bhASA kI praur3hanA aura kavitA hRdayahAriNI aura sundara hai / kavi kA samaya IsA kI 14 vI zatAbdI hai /

Page #475
terahavI aura caudahavI zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya aura vavi paM0 harapAla paM0 harapAla ne apanA koI paricaya nahI diyaa| kintu apanI kRti vedyazAstra meM usakA racanA kAla vitra savat 1341) batalAyA hai - vikkama Narava-kAne terasayA gayAi eyAla (1341) siya pArATThami mada vijjayasatyAM ya puNNAM ya / / 257 441 isa vaidyaka gantha meM 257 gAthAeM haiM, jinameM roga aura unakI cikitmA kA varNana hai, grantha prAkRta bhASA me likhA gayA hai / gantha kI 255 vI gAthA me 'joyasArehi' vAkya dvArA apanI yogyasAra nAmakI racanA kA ullekha kiyA hai, jo isake pUrva racA gayA thaa| parantu vaha abhI upalabdha nahI huA / kavi kA rAmaya vikrama kI 14vI zatAbdI kA dUsarA caraNa hai / haaarNI yaha abhayacandraziya the / kezava varNI ne gommaTamAra kI kanaDI batti (jItatattvavodhikA) bhaTTAraka dharmabhUSaNa ke prAdezAnusAra ka sa 1281 (san 1560) meM banAkara samApta kI thaa| karnATaka kavita jJAta hotA hai ki unhona amita gati ke zAvakAcAra para bhI kanaDI meM vRtti lisI bhI svica jAvalA kathe' se jJAta hotA hai ki vezvavarNI va zArataya- samayasAra, pravacanasAra pacAstikAya para TIkA ligaM / kavi magarAja ne zava kA ullekha karate hue unheM 'sAratraya vedi' vizeSaNa diyA hai jisase gArataya ke jJAtA thA / unakA samaya IsA kI hai| ? kavi vibudha zrIdhara para se itanA inhone panA koI paricaya prastuta nahI kiyA, jisame guru paramparA yora gaNa-gacchAdi kA paricaya denA zakya nahI hai / kavi kI eka mAtra kRti 'bhaviSyadatta' pattamI kathA hai, jo satapadya meM racI gaI / grantha meM racanA kAla bhI nahI diyA, jisame yaha nizcita karanA kaThina hai ki prastuta zrIdhara kama hue hai / hA. gantha jara kahA jA sakatA hai ki isa grantha kI racanA kI 15 zatAbdI ke uta ki grantha kI pratilipi vi0 0 1886 kI likhI huI nayA maMdira dharmapurA dillI ke zAjAra meM jala hai| grantha kI racanA lamvakacaka kula ke prasiddha sAhu lakSmaNa kI praraNA se huI thA jamA prakaTa hai: grantha zrImadvedo nayUtAyAM ? sthitena nayazAlinA / zrIlambakaMtu kAnUka - nabho bhUSaNa bhAnunA / pramiddha sAdhudhAmeka danujenadayAvatA / pravaropAsakA cAra-vicArAhita cetasA // 10 guru devAnA dAna-dhyAnAdhyayana krmnnaa| sAdhanA lakSmaNAkhyena preritobhakti sayuta // 11 zaktiho vakSye carita duritApaha | zrImadbhaghipya dattasya kamalanI tanubhuva // 12 grantha meM kamala zrI ke putra bhavi datta kA jIvana paricaya prakita kiyA gayA hai| grantha kA racanAkAla ga0 1486 se bAda kA nahI ho sakatA usase pUrvavata hai saMbhavataH yaha cAdahavI zatAbdI kI racanA honA cAhie / 1 saMvat 1886 varSe ApADha vadi 7 gurudine gopAcaladurge rAjAr3agara miharAjya pravartamAne zrIkASThA so bha purakaraga AcA saharatrakIti devAstapaTTe AcArya zrI gugNa kIrtidevAnicchiSya zrI yaza kI divAstena nijajJAnAvaraNI karmakSayArtha uda bhaviSyadatta pacamI kathA likhApita | - bhaviSyadana pacamI kathA lipi prazasti

Page #476
442 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 kavi varddhamAna bhaTTAraka yaha malasaMgha balAtkAragaNa aura bhArato gaccha ke vidvAna the| inakI upAdhi paravAdi paMcAnana' thI, varAMgacarita kI prazasti meM kavi ne apanA paricaya nimna prakAra diyA hai : svasti zrImUlasaMghe bhuvi viditagaNe zrIbalAtkArasaMjJa, zrIbhAratyAkhyagacche sakalaguNa nidhirvddhmaanaabhidhaanH| prAsIdbhaTTArako'sau sucaritamakarocchIvarAMGgasya rAjJo, bhavyazreyAMsi tanvad bhuvicaritamidaM vartatAmAtAram // -varAMgacarita 13.87, varddhamAna nAma ke do vidvAnoM kA ullekha milatA hai| usameM eka varddhamAna nyAyadIpikA ke kartA dharmabhUSaNa ke guru the| aura 'dezabhaktyAdi mahAzAstra' ke bhI kartA the, aura dUsare varddhamAna hamaca zilAlekha ke racayitA hai| inakA samaya 1530 I0 ke lagabhaga hai / vijayanagara ke zaka saM0 1607 (san 1385 I0) meM utkIrNa zilAlekha meM bhaTTAraka dharmabhUSaNa ke paTTadhara aura siMhanandI yogIndra ke caraNa kamaloM ke bhramara varddhamAna muni the, unake ziSya dharmabhUSaNa hue| jaisA ki usake nimnapadyoM se prakaTa hai: paTTe tasya munerAsIdvarddhamAnamunIzvaraH / zrI siMhanandi yogIndra caraNAmbhoja SaTpadaH // 12 zisyastasya gurorAsIddharmabhUSaNadezikaH / bhaTTAraka muniH zrImAn zalyatraya vijitaH // 13 inake samaya meM zaka saM0 1307 (san 1385 I0) kI phAlguNa kRSNa dvitIyA ko rAjA harihara ke maMtrI caitradaNDa nAyaka ke putra irugappa ne vijayanagara meM kunthanAtha kA mandira banavAyA thaa| daza bhaktyAdi zAstra ke nimna padya meM ullikhita vijayanagara nareza prathama devarAja rAjAdhirAja paramezvara kI upAdhi se vibhUSita the| inakA rAjya saMbhavataH sana 1418 I. taka rahA hai| aura dvitIya san 1416 se 1446 I. taka mAnA jAtA hai| rAjAdhirAja paramezvara devarAja, bhUpAla maullisadaMghri srojyugmH| zrIvarddhamAna muni vallabha mauDhya mukhyaH zrIdharmabhUSaNa sukhI jayatI kSamADhayaH // bhaTTAraka dharmabhUSaNa ne nyAyadIpikA kI antima prazasti meM, aura puppikA meM bhaTTAraka varddhamAna kA ullekha kiyA hai : madagurorvarddhamAnezo varddhamAnadayAnidheH / zrIpadasneha sambandhAt siddheyaM nyAyadIpikA // -nyAyadIpikA praza0 ina saba ullekhoM se spaSTa hai ki dharmabhUpaNa ke guru vahI bhaTTAraka varddhamAna haiM, jo varAMga carita ke kartA haiN| varddhamAna bhaTTAraka kA samaya dharmabhUSaNa ke guru hone ke kAraNa IsA kI caudahavIM zatAbdI kA uttarArdha hai| varAMga caritra saMskRta bhASA kA laghukAya grantha hai| isa kAvya meM 13 sarga haiM jisameM bAIsaveM tIrthakara neminAtha ke varadatta gaNadhara ke samakAlIna hone vAle rAjA varAMga kA carita varNita kiyA gayA hai| yaha jaTila 1. tasya zrI caMcadaNDAdhinAyakasyorjitazriyaH / prAsIdiruga daNDezo nandano lokanandanaH / / 21 tasminni ruga daNDezaH purecAruzilAmayam / zrI kuntha jina nAthasya caityAlayamacIkarat / / 28 -vijayanagara zi0 naM. 2

Page #477
terahavIM aura caudavahIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya aura kavi kavi ke varAMga carita kA saMkSipta rUpa hai, kavi vaddhamAna ne isameM dhArmika upadezoM aura kucha varNanoM ko nikAla kara kathAnaka kI rUpa-rekhA jyoM kI tyoM rahane dI hai, aisA DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhye ne likhA hai| jaisA ki grantha ke nimna padya se spaSTa hai : gaNezvarairyA kathitAkathAvarAvarAGgarAjasya savistaraM purH| mayApi saMkSipya ca saiva varNyate sukAvyavandhena subuddhi vadhinI / / kavi varddhamAnane rAjA vagaga ke kathAnaka meM dharmopa deza ko kama kara dAnika aura dhArmika carcAoM ko bahuta saMkSipta rUpa meM diyA hai / para jaTila muni ke parAMga caritra kA usa para pUrA prabhAva hai| varAMga kA carita isa prakAra hai - vinItadeza meM ramyA nadI ke taTa para uttamapura nA-: kA nagara he umame bhojavaMzakA rAjA dharma mena rAjya karatA thA, usakI guNavatI nAma kI sundara pAra rUpavatI paTaganI thii| samaya pAkara usake eka putra haA jisakA nAma varAMga rakkhA gyaa| jaba vaha yuvA ho gayA, taba usakA vivAha lalitapura ke rAjA devamena kI putrI manadA, vindhyapUra ke rAjA mahendradatta kI putrI vapmatI, siMhapura ke rAjA dvipantapa kI putrI yazomatI, ipTapUrI ke gajA sanatkumAra kI putrI vasundharA, malayadezake adhipati makaradhvaja kI putrI ananta senA, cakrapura ke rAjA mamudradatta kI putrI priyavratA, girivrajanagara ke rAjA vAhvAyudha ko putrI gukaMzo, zrIkozala purI ke rAjA sumitrasiMha kI putrI vizvasenA' vArAMgadeza ke rAjA vinayandhara kI putrI priyakAriNo,aora vyApArI kI putrI dhanadattA ke sAtha hotA hai / varAMga inake sAtha sAMsArika sukha kA upabhoga karatA hai| eka dina ariSTanemike pradhAna gaNadhara varadana uttamapura meM Aye. rAjA dharma mena manivadanA ko gyaa| rAjA ke prazna karane para unhoMne grAcArAdikA upadeza diyaa| vagaMga ke paLanera unhoMne samyaktva aura mithyAtva kA vivecana kiyaa| upadeza se prabhAvita ho varAMga ne aNavrata dhAraNa kiye / aura unakI bhAvanAoM kA abhyAsa prArambha kiyaa| tathA rAjya sacAlana aura astra-zAstra ke sacAlana meM dakSatA prApta kI rAjA dharmasena varAMga ke zreSTha guNoM ko prazaMsA sunakara prabhAvita hugrA aura tIna sau putroMke rahate hae varAMga ko yuvarAja pada para abhipikta kara diyaa| varAMga ka abhyudaya se usako sautelI mAM supeNA tathA mUtele bhAI saNa ko IrpA haI / pIra matrI subuddhi se milakara unhoMne par3ayatra kiyaa| matrI ne eka zikSita ghor3A varAMga ko diyaa| varAMga usa para baiThate hI vaha havA se bAta karane lgaa| vaha nadI, sarovara, vana aura aTavI ko pAra karatA hamA aAge baDhatA hai ora varAga ko eka kueM meM girA detA hai / varAMga kisI taraha kue se nikalatA hai,aura bhUkha pyAsa se pIDita ho pAgebar3hane para vyAghra milatA hai hAthI kI sahAyatA se prANoM kI rakSA karatA hai, aura eka yakSiNI ajagara se usakI rakSA karatI hai, aura vaha usake svadAra santopa vrata kI parIkSA kara santuSTa ho jAtI hai| vana meM bhaTakate dvArA varAMga ko bhIla bali ke liye pakar3a kara le jAte haiN| kintu sarpa dvArA dazita bhilla rAja ke putra kA viSa dUra karane se use makti mila jAtI hai| vakSa para rAtri vyatIta kara prAta: sAgaravaddhisArthapati me mila jAtA hai| sArthapati ke sAtha calane para mArga meM bAraha hajAra DAkU milate haiM sArthavAha kA una DAkUoM se yuddha hotA hai / sArthavAha ko senA yuddha se bhAgatI hai isase sAgaravRddhi ko bahuta dukha huaa| sakaTa ke samaya varAMga ne sArthavAha se nivedana kiyA ki Apa cintA na kareM maiM saba DAkuoM ko parAsta karatA huuN| kumAra ne DAkuoM ko parAsta kiyA, aura sAgaravaddhi kA priya hokara sArthavAhoM kA adhipati bana lalitapura meM nivAsa karane lagatA hai| ___ idhara ghor3e kA pIchA karane vAle sainika hAthI ghor3A lauTa Aye, varAga kA kahI patA na calA, isase dharma sena ko bar3I cintA huii| rAjAne guptacaroM ko kumAra kA patA lagAne ke liye bhejA ve kueM meM gire huye mRta azva ko dekhakara aura kumAra ke vastroM ko lekara vApisa lautte| unheM Dhar3hane para bhI kumAra kA koI patA na lgaa| aMta: pura meM karuNA kA samudra umar3a paayaa| mathurA ke rAjA indrasena kA putra upendrasena thA isa rAjA ne eka dina lalitapura devasena ke pAsa apanA dUta bhejA, aura apratimalla nAmaka hAthI kI mAMga kI, devasena dvArA hAthI ka na diye jAne para ruSTa ho matharAdhipati ne

Page #478
444 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa- bhAga 2 usa para pAtramaNa kara diyA / indrasena aora upendra mena dono kI senA ne baDI vIratA se yuddha kiyA, jisase devasena kI senA chinna-bhinna hone lgii| kumAra varAga ne pAkara devasena kI sahAyatA kI aura indrasena parAjita ho gyaa| lalitapura ka rAjA devamena kumAra ke bala aura parAkrama se prasanna hokara use apanI putrI sunandA aura prAdhA rAjya pradAna karatA hai| eka dina gajA kI manoramA nAma ko pUtrI kumAra ke rUpa saundarya ko dekhakara Asakta ho jAtI hai, aura viraha me jalane lagatI hai| manoramA kumAra ke pAsa apanA dUta bhejatI hai / para durAcAra se dUra rahane vAlA kumAra ivAra kara detA hai / manoramA cintita aura dukhI hotI hai| varAga ke lupta hojAne para supeNa uttama pura ke rAjya kArya ko samhAlatA hai parantu vaha apanI ayogyatAmo ke kAraNa zAmana meM asaphala ho jAtA hai| usakI durbalatA aora dharmamena kA vRddhAvasthA kA anucita lAbha uThAkara vatulAdhipati uttamapura para AkramaNa kara detA hai| dharma mena lalitapura ke rAjA se sahAyatA mAgatA hai| varAga isa avagara para uttagapura jAtA hai, aura vakulAdhipati ko parAjita kara detA hai / pitA-putra kA milana hAtA hai, aura prajA vagaga kA svAgata karato hai| baha vidhiyo ko kSamAkara gajya prazAsana prApta karatA hai| aura pitA kI anamati ge digvijaya karane jAtA hai para apane naye rAjya kI rAjadhAnI sarasvatI nadI ke kinAre pAnartapUra ko bamAtA hai| vagaga ne prAnapura me siddhAyatana nAma kA caityAlaya nirmANa karAyA / aora vidhi pUrvaka usakI pratiSThA sampanna kraaii| eka dina grAma mahataM me gajA vara ga na tala mamApta hota hA dApaka kA dekhakara daha-bhAgoM meM virakta ho jAtA hai grAra dAkSA lene kA vicAra karatA he parivAra ke vyaktigo ne uma dIkSA lene se rokana kA prayatna kiyA, kintu vaha na mAnA / Ara vagdatta kevalI ke nikaTa digambara dIkSA dhAraNa ko| prAra tapazcaraNa dvArA prAtmamAdhanA karatA huA anta meM tapazcaraNa me sarvArtha siddhi vimAna ko prApta kiyaa| usakI striyo ne bho dAkSA lI unhoMne bhI apanI zakti anusAra tapAdi kA anuSThAna kiyaa| zrAra yathAyogya gati prApta kii| maMgarAja (dvitIya) yaha 'kamma' kala ke vizvAmitra gotrIya remmAI rAmarasa kA putra thaa| yaha abhinava magarAja ke nAma se prasiddha hai| isane magagaja nighaNTu yA abhinava nighaNTa nAma kA kArA banAyA hai| kavi ne zazipUra ke somezvara ke pramAda se zaka ma0 1320 (sana 1368 I0) me ukta kApa ko samApta kiyA hai| ataH kavi kA samaya IsA kA 14vI zadI kA antima bhAga hai| abhayacandra yaha kundakandAnvaya dezIya gaNa pustaka gaccha ke vidvAna jayakAti ke ziSya the / yaha vahI rAya rAjagurumaNDalAcArya mahAbAda vAdIzvara rAyavAdI pitAmaha abhayacandra middhanna deva jAna par3ate hai jinhoMne sAkhya, yoga, cArvAka bauddha. bhaTa prabhAkara Adi anaka vAdiyo ko zAstrArtha meM vijita kiyA thaa| zaka sa0 133. (I0 san 1415) meM nave gahastha zipya vAla gAr3a ne samAdhimaraNa kiyA thA / inakA samaya 1375-1400 I0 ke lagabhaga sunizcita hai| yahI abhayacandra laghIyastra bhayavRtti ke TIkAkAra jAna par3ate hai / guNabhUSaNa yaha malamegha va vidvAna mAgapacandra ke gAya vinayacandra mAna ke zipya trailokyati the unake zipya guNa 1dekho, epigrAphiyA karnATiyA sArakha nAnRAnA 136 /

Page #479
terahavIM aura caudahavI zatAbdI ke vidvAna, prAcArya aura kavi 445 bhUSaNa the / inhoMne apane ko 'syAdvAda cUr3AmaNi' likhA hai| isakI eka mAtra kRti guNabhUpaNa zrAvaka cAra hai / jise bhavya jina citta vallabha' bhI kahA jAtA hai| isa grantha ko kavi ne purapATa vazI jomana aura nAmadevI ke putra nemideva ke liye banAyA thaa| jo guNabhUSaNa ke caraNoM kA bhakta thaa| jomana ke dUsare putra kA nAma lakSmaNa thA / jaisA ki grantha ke nimna puSpikA vAkya se prakaTa hai : 'iti zrImad guNabhUSaNAcArya viracite bhavyajanacitta vallabhAbhidhAna zrAvakAcAre sAdhu nemideva nAmAMkite samyaktvacaritraM tRtIyodda ezaH samAptaH / ' prastuta gratha tIna uddezyoM meM samApta huA hai / antima uddezyoM meM samyaktva aura cAritra kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / guNabhUpaNa ke zrAvakAcAra para vasunandi ke upAsakA cAra kA prabhAva aMkita hai| itanA hI nahIM kintu donoM kI tulanA se spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki unhoMne usakI aneka prAkRtika gAthAoM ke saMskRta rUpAntara dvArA apane grantha zrI vRddhi kI hai | zrAvakacAra ke varNana meM koI vaiziSTya bhI nahIM hai - anya zrAvakA cAroM ke samAna hI usameM kathana hai / jaisA ki nimna tulanA se spaSTa hai : syAdanyonya pradezAnAM pravezo jIvakarmaNoH / sabandhaH prakRti sthityanubhAvA disvabhAvaka ||17gu Na0 praNoSNANa paveso jo jIvapaesakamnakhaMdhANa | so papa DiDidi praNubhava-paesado caupiho baMdho // 241 vasu0 samyaktavrataH kApAdI nigrahAdyoganirodhataH / karmAsrava nirodhA yaH satsvaraH sa ucyate // / 18 guNa0 sammatehi varahi kohAi kasAya NiggAha guNehi / jogaNiroheNa tahA kammAsava savaro hoi / / 42 vasu0 savipAkA vipAkAzca nirjarA syAd dvidhAdimA / saMsAre sarva jIvAnAM dvitIyA su-tapasvinAm // guNa0 vipAgA pravivAgAduvihA puNa NijjarA muNeyavvA / savrvvasi jIvANaM paDhamA vidiyA tavassINaM // dyUtamadhvAmiSaM vezyAkheTacAryaparAGganA / saptaiva tAni pApAni vyasanAni tyajetsudhIH // 114 guNa0 jayaM majjaM masaM vesA pAraddhi-cora-paramAraM / duggai gamaNassedANi heubhUdANi pAvANi // 56 vasu0 isI taraha guNabhUpaNa zrAvakAcAra ke 204, 205, 206, 207 padyoM ke sAtha vasunandI zrAvakAcArakI gAthA 336, 337, 342, ra 344 ke sAtha tulanA kiijie| aura bhI aneka gAthAoM kA saskRti rUpAntara kiyA gayA hai / vasunandI kA samaya 12vI zatAbdI hai isase itanA to sunizcita hai ki guNabhUSaNa vasunandI ke bahuta bAda hue haiN| guNabhUSaNa ne jomana ke putra nemideva ke liye isakI racanA kI hai jisakA Upara ullekha kiyA gayA hai / nemideva vIrajinendra ke caraNa kamaloM kA bhakta, haiya upAdeya ke vicAroM meM nipuNa, ratnatraya ke dhAraka, dAnadAtA, Adi 1. vikhyAto'sti samastaloka valaye zrI mUlasagho'naghaH / tatrAdvinayendu tadabhutamati zrI sAgarendoH sutaH // 256 cchiyojana mohabhUbhRdarzanara lozyakIrtimuniH / tacchiyo guNabhUSaNaH samabhavatsyAdvAdacUr3AmaNiH || 260 guNa 0pra0 2. dekhA guNabhUSaNa zrAvakAcAra prazasti ke 261 se 267 taka ke pa

Page #480
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 rUpa se usake guNoM kI prazaMsA karate hae usakI maMgala kA kAmanA kI hai| samaya-guNabhUSaNa ne grantha meM racanA kAla nahIM diyA, ataH anya sAdhanoM se usa para vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| vinayacandra paM0 pAzAdhara ke ziSya the, pAzAdhara ne unheM dharmazAstra par3hAyA thaa| sAgaracandra ke ziSya vinayacandra ke lie ipTopadeza prAdi granthoM kI TIkA kI thii| inhIM vinayacandra ke ziSya trailokya kIrti ke ziSya guNabhUSaNa the| ataH gaNabhaSaNa kA samaya vikrama kI 14vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha jAna par3atA hai| ayyapArya yaha mUla saMdhAnvayI puSpa mani ke ziSya the| ayyaNarya ne apane guru pUppasena kI bar3I prazaMsA kI hai, unheM 'anya matAMdhakAramathanaH' aura 'syAdvAda tejonidhiH' jaise vizepaNoM se yukta prakaTa kiyA hai| isase ve bar3e bhArI vidvAna aura tapasvI jAna par3ate haiN| kavi ke pitA kA nAma karuNAkara thA, jo zrAvaka dharma ke pAlaka the| aura mAtA kA nAma 'ambiA ' thA jo pativratA, puNyalakSmI aura cAritramUrti thii| inakA gotra kAzyapa thA / aura ina donoM kA patra thA ayyapArya, jo jina caraNa yugala ke pArAdhana meM tatpara thaa| jisane aneka zAstroM kA adhyayana kiyA thaa| aura maMtra tathA auSadhiyoM kA bhI jJAtA thA, naya-vinayavAna thA, usane padmAvatI devI dvArA vara ke prasAda se jinendra kalyANAbhyUdaya' nAmaka grantha kI racanA kI thI / isa grantha meM jinendra kI pratiSThA vidhi kA varNana kiyA hai| prazasti meM kavi ne cavizatitIrthakaroM ko stuti ke bAda bhagavAna mahAvIra kI sagha paramparA ke zratadhara prAcAryoM kA ullekha karate hae kundakunda, vAcaka umAsvAti (gaddhapicchAcArya) samantabhadra, zivakoTi, zivAyana, pUjyapAda vIrasena jinasena, guNabhadra nemicandra, rAmasena, prakalaka, vidyAnanda, mANikyanandi, prabhAcandra, rAmacandra, vAsavacandra, prAdi kA ullekha kiyA hai| 1. zrImada vIrajineza pAdakamale ceta. paDaghri sadA / heyAdeya vicArabodhanipuNA buddhizca yasyAtmani // 268 dAnaM zrIkara kuDamale guNanirdehe ziragyunnatiH / ratnAnA vinayaM hRdi sthitamamI ne mizcara naMdatu // 266 2. tacchiSyonya matAndhakAramathanaH myaadvaadtejoniviH|' -jinendra kalyANAbhyudaya pra0 3. ta puSpamena devaM kaligaraNezvaraM sadAvaMde / yamyapadmasenA bibughAnAM bhavati kAma duhAH / 51 tadIyazipyojani dAkSiNAtyaH zrImAndvijanmAbhipajAM variSTaH / jinendra pAdAbhburuheka bhakta: mAgAradharmaH karuNAkarAgyaH / / 52 tamyaM va patnI kuladevate va pativratAlakRta puNyalakSmIH, yadakramAmbA jagati pratItaH cAritramUrtiH jinagAsanoktA // 53 tayorAsItsUnumsadamalaguNADhyo sa vinayo, jinendraH zrI pAdAncuruha yugalArAdhana prH| adhItaH zAstrANAmarivalamaNi matrIpadhivatA, vipazci nirNataH naya-vinayavAnAyaM itipaH // 54 zrImUlamaMdhakavitA vila sanmunInA, zrIpAdapadmasarasIruha rAjahasaH / syAdaryapArya iti kAzyapa gotravayoM jainAlapAka varavaMzamamudracandraH / / 55 -jika kalyA0pra0 4. padmAvatI dattavaraprasAdAtsA mvataM prApya budhAyyaM yena / jinendra kanyANa samA yo yaM granthobhyudhAyyabhyudayAH prabadhaH // 56 -ji0 kalyANa pra0

Page #481
terahavIM mora caudahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya aura kavi kAraMjA zAstra bhaMDAra' kI prazasti meM grantha kA racanA kAla zaka saM01241 siddhArtha saMvatsara batalAyA hai| ayyapArya ne isa grantha kI racanA puSpasenAcArya ke Adeza se zaka 1241 (san 1316) mAgha zuklA dazamI ravivAra ke dina pUppa nakSatra meM eka zaila nagara meM rudra kumAra ke rAjyakAla meM kI hai, jaisA ki usake nimna padya se prakaTa hai : zAkAbde vidhuvedanetrahimage (1) siddhArtha saMvatsare / mAghemAsi vizuddha pakSa dazamI puNyArkare'hani / prantho rudrakumAra rAjya viSaye jainendra kalyANabhAka / sampUrNo'bhavadeka zailanagare zrIpAla bandhUjitaH / / kavi ne likhA hai jinasena guNabhadra, vasunandi, indranandi AzAdhara aura hastimalla Adi vidvAnoM dvArA kathita granthoM kA sAra lekara isa grantha kI racanA kI hai : vIrAcArya supUjyapAda jinasenAcArya sNbhaassito| yaH pUrva guNabhadra sUrivasunandIndrAdi na dyUjitaH / yazcAzAdhara hastimalla kathito yazcaika sNdhiiritH| tebhyaH svahRtasAramAryaracitaH sthAjjaina pUjA kramaH // 16 yahI bAta grantha kI antima puppikA vAkya me bhI spaSTa hai 'iti zrI sakala tArkikacakravartizrIsamantabhadra munIzvara prabhRti kavi vRndAraka vandyamAna sarovara rAja haMsAya mAna bhagavadahartapratimAbhiSeka vizeSa viziSTa gandhodakapavitrI kRtottamAGge vAyyapAryeNa zrI puSpasenAcAryopadeza krameNa samyagvicArya pUrvazAsra bhyaH sAramuddhRtya viracitaH zrI jinendra kalyANAbhyudayAparanAmadheyastri dazAbhyudayohaMta pratiSThA granthaH samAptaH / prastuta prazasti meM grantha kA racanAsthala eka zailanagara batalAyA hai, jo vartamAna varaMgala kA prAcIna nAma hai / varaMgala ke aura bhI kaI nAma haiM / yaha prAcIna nagara tailaMga deza ko rAjadhAnI thA' / kAkateyoM ne isa para san 1110I0 se 1323 I0 taka rAjya kiyA hai / isI vaMza meM rudradeva hue haiM / jAna par3atA hai rudradeva isa vaMza ke antima rAjA the| kyoMki isa grantha kI racanA san 1319-20 I0 meM huI hai| usa samaya ve vahA~ zAsana kara rahe the / ataeva ayyapArya vi0 saM0 1376 ke vidvAna haiM / mAghanandi yogIndra prastuta mAghanandi mUlasaMgha-nandisaMghavalAtkAra gaNa ke vidvAna kumudendu yogI ke ziSya the| inheM san 1265 I0 2. Sec catalogse sons krit and prakrit manuscripts in the cenintral Province and berar! rAyabahAdura hIrAlAla dvArA sampAdita / 2. hindI vizva koSa bhA0 3 10 466 aura list of the - Antquuarian rem ains in the Nizams, territories By consens. Another name of warrangal x x,is Akshalinagar, which in the of mr. consens is the same yckshilanagara,, --TheGeographycal dictionary of Anecent and Midicaval India Naudlal Day p. 8 3. anumakundapura, anumakanda paTTana, korukola (of Ptalemy) veNATaka, eka zela nagara Adi (the geoproPhical CoP3 tionary (p. 262) 4. rudradeva kA zilAlekha JASB, 1834 P* 903 sAtha hI peof Wilsons Mackenzie collection p. 76 5. The Jcopraphical dictionorp p. 8 6. varaMgalake kA katIyavaMzI eka rAjA xxx, | hindI vizvakoSa bhAga 12 pu 627 /

Page #482
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 ( vi0 saM0 1322 ) meM trikUTa ratnatraya zAntinAtha ke jinAlaya ke lie hoyasala nareza narasiha dvArA uka mAghanandi saiddhAntika ko 'vallanagere' nAma kA gAMva dAna meM diyA gyaa| isa kAraNa isa jinAlaya ko trikUTa ratnatraya jinAlaya bhI kahate the / dora samudra ke jaina nAgariko ne bhI zAntinAtha kI bheMTa ke liye bhUmi aura dravya pradAna kiyA thA / ina mAghananda kI cAra racanAoM kA ullekha milatA hai| siddhAntamAra, zrAvakAcArasAra, padArthasAra aura zAstrasAra samuccaya- 448 mAghanandi yogIndraH siddhAntAmbodhi candramAH / zracIkara dvicitrArtha zAstrasArasamuccayam / / uktaM zrImUla saMgha zrI balAtkAragaNAdhipaiH / zrImAnandi siddhAntaH zAstrasAra samuccayam // ye donoM padya daurbala jinadAsa zAstrI kI TIkA rahita prati meM diye haiM / inakA samaya 13vIM zatAbdI hai / inake ziSya kumudacandra bhaTTAraka the| zAstra samuccaya ke TokAkAra vahI mAghanandizrAvakAcAra ke kartA hai| TokA kannar3a meM hai / premI jI ne likhA hai ki madrAma ko oriyanTala lAyabrerI meM 'pratiSThAkalpa TippaNa' yA jina saMhitA nAma kA eka grantha hai, usakI utthAnikA ra antima puSikA se mAnma hotA hai ki pratiSThAna TippaNa ke kartA vAdi kumudacandra mAnanda siddhAnta cavartI ke ziSya the / yaha mAghanandi siddhAnta cakravartI ke putra the / aura pratiSThAkalpa ke kanADI TippaNakAra haiM / zrI mAghanandi siddhAnta cakravati tanubhavaH / kumudendu rahaM vacmi pratiSThA kalpaTippaNam // isa TippaNa ke anta meM likhA hai vAdi kumuda candra ' iti zrI mAghanandi siddhAntacakravartI suta catuvidha pANDitya cakravarti zrI vAdi kumudacandra paNDitadeva - viracite pratiSThA kalpa TippaNe / isa puppi kA vAkya meM vAdi kumudacandra ko spaSTa rUpa se 'sata' aura 'yAtrArcana vidhi: samAptaH' padya meM 'tanubhava' likhA hai, jisame ve unake putra the / ora unakI upAdhi catuvi pANDitya cakravartI thI ataH inakA samaya bhI vahI hai jo mAghanandi siddhAntacakravartI kA san 1265 (vi0sa0 1322) hai / yaha vikrama kI 14 vI zatAbdI ke vidvAna hai / kavi maMgarAja inakA janma sthAna vartamAna maisUra rAjyAntargata mugulipura thA / unheM ubhaya kavIza, kavi padma bhAskara aura sAhitya vaidyA vidyAmbunidhi upAdhiyA~ prApta thI / yaha kannaDa aura saMskRta donoM bhASAoM ke praur3ha kavi the / aura jaina dharma ke pAlaka the / inakA samaya svargIya prAra0 narasiMhAcArya ne san 1360 I0 ke lagabhaga batalAyA hai / inakI kRti kA nAma 'khagendramaNi darpaNa hai / yaha eka vaidyaka grantha hai, isameM sthAvara vipoM kI prakriyA aura prAyaH sabhI vipoM kI cikitsA likhI hai| 1. jaina lekha saM0 bhAga 4pR0 256 2. zrI mAghanandi siddhAnta tanubhavaH / kumudendurahaM vacmi pratiSThA kalpa TippaNam / 3. iti zrI mAghanandi siddhAnta cakravartI tanUbhava catuvidha pANDitya cakravartI zrIvAdi kumudacandra munIndra viracite jina saMhitA Tippara pUjya pUjaka pUjakAcArya pUjAphala pratipAdanaM samAptam //

Page #483
terahavIM aura caudahavI zatAbdI ke vidvAna. AcArya aura kavi 446 garur3a pakSI sarpo kA verI hai vaha marpa vipApahAraka hai, yaha loka meM prasiddha hai usA prakAra garur3amaNi bho loka meM viSa nivAraka mAnI jAtI hai| usI taraha yaha grantha bhI vipa dUra karane ke upAya ko batalAtA hai, isa kAraNa isakA yaha nAma anvarthaka jAna par3atA hai| yaha grantha kada vRttoM meM racA gayA hai / kavi ne ise 'jIvita cintAmaNi' bhI batalAyA hai / kavi isa grantha ko puruSArtha catuSTaya kA kathana karane vAlA batalAtA hai| isameM 16 adhikAra hai / jinameM vipa aura umake dUra karane ke upAyoM kA varNana hai| prathama adhikAra me magala ke bAda sthAvara jagama aura kRtrima grAdi vipoM ke bheda, so ko jAtiyA~ propadhiyoM kA saMgraha kAna, bheda aura unakI zaktiyoM ke varNana ke sAtha sada vaidya aura duvaMdya ke lakSaNAdi batalAye gaye haiN| dUsare adhikAra meM sthAvara vipabheda, vipAkrAnta lakSaNa aura unake parihAraka nagya, pAna, lepa pora aMjana Adi ke praupadha aura aneka matra diyA hai| isI taraha anya maba adhikArI meM 'vipa' ke daza prakAra, lakSaNa, unake bheda, viSApahAraka matra Ara grodhiyoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| grandha padi hindI artha ke sAtha prakAzita ho jAya to usakA parijJAna hindI bhApA bhApiyoM ko bhI mUlabha ho jaaygaa| grantha upayogI hai| grantha me kavi ne apane meM pravattoM kacha prAcAryo prAdi kA nAmollekha kiyA hai pUjyapAda, boramena, kandakanda bhAnukoti, amaraka ti na cchApya dharmamANa zrAdi / paM0 vAmadeva yaha mUla magha ke bhadrAraka vinaya vandra ke ziSya, trailokyakoni ke ziSya pora muni lakSmIcandra ke ziSya the inhoMne apane ko indravAma deva bhI likhA hai| paDita vAmadeva kA kula naigama thaa| negama yA nigama kala kAyasthoM kA hai, isame spaSTa hai ki pIData bAmadeva kAyastha the / aneka kAyastha vidvAna jaina dharma ke dhAraka hue hai| jinameM haricandra, padmanAbha Ara vijayanApa mAtha ra grAdi kA nAma ullekhanIya hai| paDita vAmadeva jaina dharma ke acche vidvAna, pratiSThAdi kAryA ke jJAtA pAra jina bhakA meM tatpara the / vAmadeva ne pana magraha dopaka ko prazasti meM apane ko--'nAnA zAstra vicAra kovida mati: zrI vAmadeva : kRtI' vAkya dvArA nAnA zAstra vicAra kAvida mati prakaTa kiyA hai| inakI ima samaya tIna racanAeM upalabdha hai / bhAvasagraha (saskRta), 'lokya dIpaka' aora paca maMgraha diipk| inameM se kevala bhAvamagraha mANikacandra granthamAlA meM prakAzita hayA hai| zepa donoM racanA aprakAzita hai| bhAvasaMgraha-prastuta grantha maskRta bhASA kA padya granya hai, jA 781 padyoM meM pUrNa huaA hai| yaha devamena ke prAkRta bhAvamagraha kA mazAcina aura paridhita anuvAda hai| yaha grantha mANikacandra grantha mAlA meM prAkRta bhAva saMgraha ke sAtha prakAyana ho ca kA hai| 1. bhUpAidhAnamya vizvahita: zrI mUnamadhaH thiye, yatrAbhUdvinayendura ddhataguNa: gacchIla dugdhArgava: / nanchippo'jani bhadra munigmalamcalokA koni shshii| yena kAnnamahAtamaH pramathine syAhAdavidyAkaraH // 776 dRSTi mbastaTinI mahIdharapani nAbdhicandrodayo, vRna zrI na.li keli hemanalina zAnti kSamA mandiram kAma gvAtmarakSA prasanna hRdayaH maMgakSapA bhAskara - mtacchiApa: kSitimaNDale vijayate lakSmIndu nAmAM muniH // 780 zro matmarvajapU jAkaraNa pariNatamtattvacintA rasAlo, lakSmIcandrAhi padma madhukara: zrI vAmadeva: sudhIH / utpatti ya jAtA zazivizada kule naigamazrI vizAle / so'yaM jIyA prakAmaM jagati ramalasadbhAva zAstra praNetA // 781 -bhAva saMgraha prazasti

Page #484
450 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 trailokya dIpaka-isa grantha meM tIna loka ke svarUpa kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| prastuta grantha nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI ke trilokasAra kA saMskRta rUpAntara hai / use dekhakara hI isakI racanA kI gaI hai| isa grantha meM tIna adhikAra-adholoka-madhyaloka aura Urdhvaloka-ina tInoM adhikAroM ke zlokoM kI kula saMkhyA 1281 zloka pramANa hai| prathama adhikAra meM 205 zloka haiN| jinameM loka kA svarUpa batalAte hue likhA hai ki jisameM jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, prAkAza aura kAla kA saMghAta pAyA jAtA hai vaha loka hai| usa loka kA mAna do prakAra kA hai| laukikamAna aura lokottara mAna / ina donoM mAnoM ke bheda-prabhedoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| dUsare adhikAra meM madhya loka kA varNana hai, jisakI zloka saMkhyA 616 hai| madhya loka kA kathana karate hue dvIpa, samudroM ke valaya, vyAsa, sUcI vyAsa, sUkSma paridhi, sthUla paridhi sUkSma aura sthUla phala prAdi kA gaNita dvArA kathana kiyA hai| jambUdvIpa ke SaT kUlAcala aura sapta kSetroM prAdi kA gaNita dvArA vistAra ke sAtha varNana diyA hai| bhArata kSetra ke utsarpiNI avasarpiNI ke SaTa kAloM kA varNana karate hae, tIrthakaroM, cakravatiyoM, nArAyaNa prati nArAyaNa zresaTha zalAkA puruSoM kI Ayu, zarIrotsedha, aura vibhUti Adi kA sundara varNana kiyA gayA hai / madhyaloka ke kathana meM vyAsaparidhi, sUcI phala, kSetraphala aura ghanaphala Adi ke lAne ke lie karaNa sUtra bhI diye haiN| sadRSTiyA~ bhI yathAsthAna dI haiN| Urdhvaloka ke varNana meM bhavanavAsI, vyantara jyotiSI aura kalpavAsI, devoM kA varNana, prAyU, zarIrotsedha, parivAra, vibhava, kathana saMkhyA, vistAra utsedha Adi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| yaha saba trilokasAra ke anusAra kiyA gayA hai| kavi ne yaha grantha nemideva kI prArthanA se banAyA hai| jo pUravADavaMza meM samasta rAjAoM ke dvArA mAnanIya kAmadeva nAma kA rAjA huaa| usakI patnI kA nAma nAmadevI thA, jisase rAma aura lakSmaNa ke samAna jomana aura lakSmaNa nAma ke do putra hue the / paMca saMgraha dIpaka kI prazasti se jJAta hotA hai ki jomana kI putrI bar3I guNAgra aura dharmArAma rUpa vRkSa kI vardhikA, sarvajJapadAraviMdaniratA, saddAna cintAmaNI, aura vratazolaniSThA thii| prazasti padya ke antima prakSara aTita hone se usakA nAma jJAta nahIM ho sakA jaisA ki usake padya se prakaTa hai| jomana kA pUtra nemideva thA, usakI mAtA kA nAma padmAvatI thA / nemideva jinacaraNasevI aura samyakava se vibhUSita thaa| bar3A udAra nyAyI, dAnI, sthira yaza vAlA aura pratidina jinadeva kI pUjA karatA thaa| ukta nemideva ke anurodha se hI grantha kI racanA kI gaI hai| grantha meM racanA kAla nahIM diyaa| isakI eka prAcIna prati saM0 1436 meM phIrojazAha tug2alaka ke samaya kI yoginIpura (dillI meM likhI huI 86 patrAtmaka upalabdha hai| jo atizaya kSetra mahAvIra jI ke zAstrabhaMDAra meM upalabdha hai| usase jAna par3atA hai ki trilokadopaka saM0 1436 se pUrva racA gayA hai| 1. astyatra vaMzaH puravAr3a saMjJa: samasta pRthvIpati mAnanIyaH / tyaktvA svakIyA suraloka lakSmI devA apIcchanti hi yatra janma // 63 tatra prasiddho'jani kAmadeva: patnI ca tasyA jani naamdevii| putrau tayo|mana lakSmaNAkhyo babhUvataH rAghava lakSmaNAviva // 64 -trailokya dopaka praka 2. jomaNasya duhitA jAtA guNAnesarA / dharmArAmataro: pravardhana sudhAkalpaka puNyoha kA / zrI sarvajJapadAraviMdaniratA saddAna ciMtAmaNIzcAritta vrata devatA suviditA zrI vaaide......| 221 -anekAntavarSa 23 ki04 pR0 146 3. padmAvatI putra pavitravaMzaH kSIrodacandrAmalayoH yathAsya / tanoruhaH zrIjinapAdasevI sa nemidevAzciramatra jIyAt / / -paMca saM0 dIpaka zAMtinAtha senabhaMDAra khabhAta 4. dekho, Amera zAstrabhaMDAra jayapura kI sUcI pa0 218 anya0 naM. 306 prati naM. 2

Page #485
terahavIM aura caudahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya aura kavi 451 paMcasaMgraha dIpaka isa gantha kI 104 patrAtmaka tADa patrIya prati khaMbhAta ke zvetAmbarIya zAntinAthasena bhaMDAra meM naM0 135 upalabdha hai| usase jJAta hotA hai ki yaha nemicandra siddhAnta candravartI ke gommaTasAra aparanAma paMcasaMgraha kI saMskRta zloka baddha racanA hai, jaisA ki usake prArambhika nimna padyoM se prakaTa hai : siddhaM zaddha jinAdhIzaM nemIzaM gaNabhUSaNam / na tvA granthaM pravakSyAmi 'paMcasaMgraha dIpakam' // 1 // nemicandra munIndreNa yaH kRtaH paMcasaMgrahaH / sa vava zloka baMdhana pravyaktI kriyate mayA // 2 // bandhako badhyamAnaM ca bNdhbhedaastthestaa| hetavazceti pacAnAM saMgrahobha prakAzate // 3 // yastatra baMdhako jIvaH sadR satkarmaNAM svayam / tatmvarUya prakAzAya vizatiH sya prarUpaNA // 4 // gaNa jIvAzca paryApti prANasaMjJAzca maargnnaa| upayoga samA yaktA bhavaMvyetA-prarUpaNA // 5 // mArgaNA guNa-bhedAbhlA phavato ke prarUpaNe / mArgaNAMtargatAzeSAH jIva mukhyAH prarUpaNAH // 6 // gommaTasAra kA zloka baddha yaha saskRtikaraNa aba taka dekhane meM nahI pAyA thaa| sva. munizrI pUNyavijaya jI ne khaMbhAta ke zAMtinAtha sena bhaMDAra kI sUcI bhAga0 2 meM na0 136 meM pacasagaha dIpaka kA 'zloka baddha' nAma se paricaya diyA hai| yaha tADapatra prati 13vIM zatAbdI kI likhI haI hai| 'iti zrIdravAmadeva viracite 'paravATa vaMza vizeSaka zrI nemideva yazaH prakAzake paMcasaMgraha pradIpake baMdhaka svarUpa pra (prarUpiNo nAma) prathamo adhikaarH| yaha prati saMbhavataH grantha racanA ke samaya kI yA Asa-pAsa kI racI huI jAna par3atI hai| caki vinayacandra paMDita AzAdhara jI ke ziSya the, unhoMne vinayacandra ko dharmazAstra par3hAyA thaa| vinayacandra ke ziSya trailokya kIti ke ziSya lakSmIcandra the / ina lakSmIcandra ke ziSya vAmadeva ne isa grantha kI racanA kii| paM0 AzAdhara jI 13vI zatAbdI ke vidvAna haiM / ataeva usake bAda vAmadeva kA samaya honA cAhie / ataH vAmadeva kA samaya vikrama kI 14vIM zatAbdI jAna par3atA hai| amarakoti yahondravaMza ke prasiddha vidvAna the| jo vidya kahalAte the| yaha apane samaya ke acche vidvAna jAna paDate haiN| inakA banAyA hA dhanaMjaya kavi kI nAmamAlA kA bhASya bhAratIya jJAnapITha se prakAzita ho cakA hai| usa grantha kI puppikA meM unhe vidya mahA paMNDita aura zabda vedhasa batalAyA hai / bhASya ko dekhane se amarakIti vividha granthoM ke abhyAsI jJAta hote haiN| _ "iti mahApaNDita zrImadamarakItinA vidyana zrIsendravaMzotpannena zabda vedhasA kRtAyAM dhanaMjaya nAma mAlAyAM prathama kANDaM vyAkhyAtama" 1 Sce - No 1.9 Panchasangarha Dipak Slok Bandha, Folios 104 Extent Granthas Age M.S Firasta Play of 13th exet 4S- Shautinatha Sain Bhandar Combay -anekAnta varSa 23 ki04 10 146

Page #486
.52 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 prastuta koza kA bhASya likhate hA amarakIti ne parama bhaTrAraka yaza kIti, amarasiha, halAyudha, indranandI, somadeva, hemacandra aura AzAdhara Adi ke nAmoM kA ullekha karate hue mahApurANa sUkta muktAvalI, hemInAmamAlA, yazastilaka, indranandI kA nIti sAra aura prAzAdhara ke mahAbhiSeka pATha kA nAmollekha kiyA hai| inameM pAzAdhara kA samaya sa0 1246 se 1300 taka hai / ata amarakIti isake bAda ke vidvAna Thaharate hai| yaha 13vI zatAbdo ke upAntya samaya ke yA 14 vI zatAbdI ke pUrvArdha ke vidvAna hone cAhie ! hastimalla ina ka pitA kA nAma govinda bhadra thA, jo vatsagotrI dakSiNI brAhmaNa / / undhI prAcArya samantabhadra ke 'devAgamastotra' ko sunakara sadRSTi prApta kI thI-sarvathA ekAntarUpa mithyA dRSTa kA parityAga kara anekAntarUpa samyakadaSTi ke zraddhAlu bane the| unake chaha putra the.-zrI kumAra, satyavAkya, devara vallana, udaya aura vardhamAna ' / ye sabhI pUtra saskRtAdi bhApAo ke marmajJa aura kAvya zAstra ke acche jAnakAra eva kavi the| hastimalla kavi kA asalI nAma nahIM hai| asalI nAma kucha aura hI rahA hogaa| yaha nAma unhe saraNyApura meM eka madonmatta hAthI ko vaza meM karane ke kAraNa pANDya rAjA dvArA prApta huaA thaa| usa samaya rAja sabhA meM unakA aneka prazasA vAkya se satkAra kiyA gayA thaa| hasti yuddha kA ulnekha mubhadrA nATaka meM kavi ne svaya kiyA hai| usameM jina muni kA rUpa dhAraNa karane vAle kisI dharta ko bhI parAsta karane kA ulAgya hai / kavi ke sarasvatI svayavara vallabha, mahA kavi tallaja pAra 'mUktiratnAkara' viruda the / kavi hastimalla gRhastha vidvAna the / inake putra kA nAma pAyava pAMData thaa| jA apana pitA ke samAna hI yazasvI, zAstra mamajJa ra dharmAtmA thaa| hastimalla na apanI kAti kA loka vyApI banA diyA thaa| ora syAdvAdazAsana dvArA vizuddha kIti kA arjana kiyA thaa| ve pUNya mUrti aura azepa kavi cAvI kahalAta the| tayA paravAdirUpa hastiyo ke liye siha the / ataeva hastimalla isa sArthaka nAma se loka me vithuna th| inhe aneka viruda athavA upAdhiyA prApta thI, jinakA samullekha kavi ne svaya vikrAnta kaurava nATaka meM kiyA hai| 'rAjA valAkathe' ke kartA kavi devacandra ne hastimalla ko 'ubhaya bhASA kavicakravartI' sUcita kiyA hai| kavivara hastimana ne svaya apane ko kanar3I Adi purANa kI puSpikA me ubhaya bhASA cakravartI likhA hai| aisA jaina sAhitya aora itihAsa se jJAta hotA hai| isase ve saskRta ora kanar3I bhASA ke pror3ha vidvAna jAna par3ate hai| unake nATaka to kavi ko pratibhA ka sadyotaka hai hI, kintu jaina sAhitya meM nATaka paramparA ka janmadAtA hai| mere khyAla meM zAyada usa samaya taka nATaka racanA nahI haI thaa| kavivara hastimalla ne isa kamI ko dUra kara jaina samAja kA bar3A upakAra kiyA hai| yaha usa samaya vikranta kaurava vikrantakokha 1. govinda bhaTTa ityaasiidvidvaanmithyaatvjit.| devAgamana mUtramyazrutyA saddarzanAcina / anekAntamanaM tattva bahumana vidAvara., nandanAtamya sajAtA vAdhikAgvinakovidaH / / dAkSiNAtyA jayantyatra svarNayakSIprasAdata., zrIkumArakaviH satyavAkyo devaraballabhaH / / udyadbhUSaNanAmA ca hastimallAbhidhAnakA ; vardhamAnakavizcati paD bhUvana kavIzvaraH / 2. zrIvatmagotrajanabhUpaNagorabhaTTapremaikadhAmatanujo bhuvihastiyuddhAt / nAnA kAlAmbunidhipANDacamahIzvareNa daloka. zammasi satkRtavAn babhUva / / 3. samyaktva suparIkSita madagaje mukne saraNyApure / cAsminpANDyamahezvaraNa kapaTAddhantu mvamabhyAgate (t)| zelUSa jinamuddhadhAriNamapAmyAsau madadhvasinA / zlokenApimadebha malla ini ya. prakhyAtavAnsUribhi ||-subhdraa, samyaktvasya parIkSArtha mukta mattamanagajam / yaH maraNyApure jitvA hamtimalleti kItina / / 4. 'ityubhayApA kavicakravati hamnimalla viracita pUrvapugaNa mahAkathAyA dazamaparvam / " -Adi pu0 puSpikA

Page #487
terahavIM aura caudahavI zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya aura kavi 453 ke kaviyoM meM to agraNo the hI, ki tu nATakoM ke praNayana meM bhI dakSa the pApaka jyeSThabhrAtA satya vAkya Apako sUktiyoM ko bar3I prazaMsA kiyA karate the| hastimalla ne pANDya nareza kA aneka sthAnoM para ullekha kiyA hai, para unhone unake nAma kA ullekha nahI kiyaa| ve unake kRpApAtra tha aura unakI rAjadhAnI meM apane vidvAna prAptajano ka sAtha yA vase th| pANDaya nareza ne sabhA meM unakA khUba sammAna kiyA thaa| pANDya nareza apane bhajabala meM karnATaka pradeza para zAsana karate the| brahmasUri ne pratiSThA sAroddhAra meM likhA hai ki ve svaya hamtimalla ke vaza meM hue hai, unhAne unake parivAra ke sambandha meM bhI prakAza DAlA hai| unhone likhA hai ki pANDyadeza meM dIpa gAMDapattana ke zAsaka pANDya rAjA the| ve bar3e dharmAtmA, vIra, kalAkuzala ora vidvAnoM kA Adara karate the / vahA bhagavAna AdinAtha kA ratna suvarNa jaTita sundara mandira thA, jisame vizAkhanado Adi vidvAna muni rahane the / kavi ka pitA govindabhaTTa yahI ke nivAsI the| pANDya rAjAno kA rAjya dakSiNa kArnATaka meM rahA hai| kAphila vageraha bhI usameM zAmila the| isa deza meM jainadharma kA acchA prabhAva rahA hai| isa vaMza meM prAya: mabhI rAjA janadharma para prema aura AsthA rakhate the| kavi hastimalla vikrama kI 14vI zatAbdI ke vidvAna the| karnATaka kavi caritra ka kA pAra0 nargasahAcArya ne hastimalla kA samaya IsA kI 13vI zatAbdI kA unarAdhaM 1260 aora vikrama sa0 1387 nizcita kiyA hai| racanAeM kavi kI sAta racanAe upalabdha hai| vikrAntakaurava, methilI kalyANa, ajanApayana jaya prAra mubhdraa| ye cAroM nATaka mANikacandra grathamAlAAmeM prakAzita ho cake hai| pratiSThA pATha prAga jana siddhAntabhavana me hai aura do racanAeM kannaDa bhASA kI hai adipUrANa aura thaM puuraann| enakI mala prtiyaa| mulabidrI aora vagaga jana maThA meM pAI jAtI hai / kannaDa Adi purANa kA paricaya DA0e0ena0 upAdhye ne aMgrejI meM hastimalla eNDa hija AdipurANa nAmaka lekha meM karAyA hai| paM0 narasena inhoMne apanA koI paricaya nahIM diyaa| inakI do kRtiyAM upalabdha haiN| siddhacakrakathA aura jiNarattivihANa kthaa| siddha cakra kathA (zrIpAla carita)- isa grantha meM siddhAcakra vratake mAhAtmya ko vyakta karane vAlI kathA dI huI hai| campA nagarI ke rAjA zrIpAla agabhodaya vasa ora unake sAtasau sAthI bhayaMkara kuSTa roga se pIr3ita ho ge| roga kI vRddhi ho jAne para unakA nagara meM rahanA asahya ho gyaa| unake zarIra kI durgadha se janatA kA vahAM rahanA bhI dUbhara ho gyaa| taba janatA ke anurodha se unhone apanA rAjya apane cAcA aridamana ko de diyA aura 1. ki vogaNAguNajhaMkRtaH kimathavA sAdvairmadhusyandibhivibhrAmyatsahakArakorakazigvAkarNAvatasarapi / paryAptAH zravaNotsavAya kvitaasaamraajylkssmiipte| satya nastava hastimallamubhagAmtAstA: sadAsUktayaH ||-mai00 nA. 2. dIpaMguDI pattanamastitammin hAvalItoraNarAjigopuraiH / manoharAgArasuratnasaMbhTatarudyAnajarbhAtyamarAvatIva // 3 tadrAjagajendramupANDyabhUpaH kIrtyA jagadvacApitavAna sudharmA / rarAja bhUmAviti nissapatna: kalAnvitaH sadvibudhaiH parItaH // 4 tatrAsti sadrasnasurvarNatuMgacaMtyAlaye zrIvapabhezvaro jinaH / vizAkhanandIzamunIdramukhyA:sacyAstravanto munayo vasanti // 5 prazasti sagraha, Aga pR0 162

Page #488
454 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa- bhAga 2 kahA ki jaba merA roga ThIka ho jAyegA, taba maiM apanA rAjya vApisa le lUMgA / zrIpAla apane sAthiyoM ke sAtha nagara chor3a kara cale gae, aura aneka kaSTa bhogate hae ujjaina nagara ke bAhara jaMgala meM Thahara ge| vahAM kA rAjA apane ko hI saba kucha mAnatA thA karmoM ke phala para usakA vizvAsa nahIM thaa| usakI putrI mainA sundarI ne jaina sAdhuoM ke pAsa vidyAdhyayana kiyA thA karmasiddhAnta kA use acchA parijJAna ho gayA thaa| usakI jainadharma para bar3I zraddhA aura bhakti thI! sAtha hI sAdhvI aura zIlavatI thii| rAjA ne use apanA pati canane ke liye kahA, parantu usane kahA ki yaha kArya zIlavatI pUtriyoM ke yogya nahIM hai| isa sambandha meM pApa hI svaya nirNaya kr| rAjA ne usake uttara se asantuSTa ho usakA vivAha kuSTa rogI zrIpAla ke sAtha kara diyaa| maMtriyoM ne bahuta samajhAyA parantu usa para rAjA ne koI dhyAna na diyaa| nidAna kucha hI samaya meM mainA sundarI ne, siddha cakra kA pATha bhakti bhAva se sampanna kiyA aura jinendra ke abhipeka jala se una saba kA kuSTha roga dUra ho gayA / aura ve sukhapUrvaka rahane lage / pazcAt zrIpAla bAraha varSa ke liye videza calA gayA, vahAM bhI usane karma ke aneka zubhAzubha pariNAma dekhe aura bAhyavibhUti ke sAtha bAraha varSa bAda mainAsUndarI se prA milaa| use paTarAnI banAyA aura campApura jAkara cAcA se apanA rAjya vApisa lekara prajA kA sukhapUrvaka pAlana kiyA / anta meM tapa dvArA Atma-lAbha kiyaa| isa kathAnaka se siddhacakra kI mahattA kA AbhAsa milatA hai| racanA sundara aura saMkSipta hai / kathAnaka rocaka hone ke kAraNa isa para aneka granthakAroM kI vibhinna kRtiyAM pAI jAtI haiM / grantha meM racanA kAla aura racanA sthala kA ullekha nahI hai| jinarAtri kathA- ise vardhamAna kathA bhI kahA jAtA hai| jisa rAtri meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ne apTa karma kA nAzakara avinAzI pada prApta kiyA usa vrata kI yaha kathA zivarAtri ke DhaMga para racI gaI hai| usa rAtri meM janatA ko icchAoM para niyatraNa rakhate hue prAtma-zodhana kA prayatna karanA cAhiye / racanA marasa hai / kavi ne racanA meM apanA koI paricaya nahIM diyA aura na guru paramparA tathA samayAdi kA koI ullekha hI kiyA hai| isase kavi ke sambandha meM koI jAnakArI nahI prApta ho skii| siddha cakra kathA kI prati saM01512 likhI huI upalabdha hai, usa se itanA to sunizcita hai ki grantha ukta saMvat se pUrva bana cukA thaa| saMbhavataH grantha 14vIM zatAbdI ke Asa-pAsa kahIM racA gayA jAna par3atA hai| suprabhAcArya inakA koI paricaya prApta nahIM hai| inakI ekamAtra kRti 77 dohAtmaka vairAgyasAra hai| jisameM saMsAra ke padArthoM kI asAratA dikhalAte hue vairAgya ko puSTa kiyA gayA hai| dohoM kA artha vyakta karane vAlI ajJAta kartRka eka saMskRta TIkA bhI hai, jo jaina siddhAnta bhAskara bhAga 16 kiraNa 2 aura bhAga 17 kiraNa 1 meM prakAzita hai| dohA upadezika hai| pAThako kI jAnakArI ke liye usameM se kucha dohA bhAvAnuvAda ke sAtha noce diye jAte haiM / bhASA sarala kathanI sambodhAtmaka haiN| grantha kA pahalA padya hI vairAgyabhAva kA pratipAdana karatA hai / sasAra meM jahAM eka ghara meM badhAI maMgalAcAra ho rahe haiM vahIM dUsare ghara meM dhAr3amAra-mAra kara royA jA rahA hai| kavi suprabhaparamArthabhAvase kahatA hai ki aisI viSama sthiti meM vairAgyabhAva kyoM dhAraNa nahIM kiyA jAtA? ikkahi ghare vadhAmaNA aNNahi ghari dhAhahi rovijjai / paramatthaI suppau bhaNai, kima vaharAyAbhAu Na kijjai // 1 sAMsArika viSayoM kI asthiratA aura saMsAra kI duHkhabahulatA kA pratipAdana karate hue kavi suprabha kahate haiN| ki he dhArmiko ! dazavidha dharma se skhalita mata homo, sUryodaya ke samaya jo zubha graha the| ve sUryAsta ke hone para zmazAna ho ge| suppau bhaNai re dhammipahu khasahu ma dhmmviyaanni| je sUraggami dhavalahari te aMthavaNa masANa // 2 kavi suprabha kA kahanA hai ki paropakAra karanA mata chor3a, kyoMki saMsAra kSaNika hai jaba candramA aura sUya bhI prasta ho jAte haiM taba anya kauna sthira raha sakatA hai|

Page #489
terahavIM aura caudahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna, AcArya aura kavi 455 sappau bhaNai mA pariharahu para uvayAra caratthu / sasi-sUra duhu graMthaNi aNNa haM kavaNa thiratthu // 3 yaha jIva gurutara gaMbhIra pApa karake zarIra sarakSaNArtha dhana kA saMcaya karatA hai, kavi suprabha kahate hai ki dhana rakSita vaha zarIra dina para dina galatA jAtA hai, aisI avasthA meM dhana-dhAnyAdi anya parigraha kaise nitya ho sakate haiN| jasu kAraNi dhana saMcai pAva kare vi gahIra / taM picchaha suppau bhaNai, diNi diNi galai sarIru // 36 jo puruSa donoM ko dhana detA hai. sajjanoM ke guNoM kA Adara karatA hai / aura mana ko dharma meM lagAtA hai / kavi suprabha kahate hai ki vidhi bhI usakI dAsatA karatA hai| dhaNu dINahaM guNa sajjaNahaM maNu dhammahaM jo dei / taha purise suppau bhaNai vihI dAsattu koi // 38 jisa taraha apane vallabha (priya) kA dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai vaisA yadi prarahaMta kA dhyAna kiyA jAya to kavi suprabha kahate haiM ki tava manuSyoM ke ghara ke AMgana meM hI svarga ho jaay|| jima bhAijjai vallahau timajai jiya arihaMtu / suppau bhaNai te mANasahaM saggu riMgaNa hutu // 6 isa taraha yaha vaigagya mAra dohA bhAvAtmaka upadeza kA sundara grantha hai| dohoM kI bhASA hindI ke atyanta najadIka hai| isase yaha grantha 18vI zatAbdI kA jAna par3atA hai| vidyAnanda malasaMgha balAtkAragaNa sasvatIgaccha kundakundAnvaya ke vidvAna rAya rAjagurumaMDalAcArya mahA vAdavAdIzvara sakala vidvajjana cakravartI siddhantAcArya pUjyapAda svAmI ke ziSya the| zaka maM0 1313 yA 1314 (san 1392 I0) agirasa saMvatsara meM phAlguna mahIne ke kRSNa pakSa kI dazamI zanIvAra ke dina vidyAnanda ke nAma para niSidhi kA nirmANa kiyA gayA thaa| ata: malakheDa ke yaha vidyAnanda IsA ko 15voM sadI ke vidvAna hai| ___ jainijma ina sAutha iDiyA pR0 4 22 bhAskaranandI prastuta bhAskaranandI sarvasAdhu ke prazipya aura muni jinacandra ke ziSya the| jaisA 'sukhabodhA' nAmaka tattvArthavRtti ko prazasti ke nimna padyo se prakaTa hai : "no niSThovenna zete vadati ca na paraM ehi yAhIti jAtu / no kaNDUyeta gAtra vrajati na nizi noddhATyevArnadhatte / nAvaSTaM nAti kiJcid guNanidhiriti yo baddhaparyaGkayogaH / kRtvA saMnyAsamante zubhagatirabhavatsarvasAdhu prapUjyaH // 2 tasyAsItsuvizuddhadRSTivibhavaH siddhaaNtpaarNgtH| ziSyaH zrIjinacandranAmakalitazcAritra bhUSAnvitaH / / ziSyo bhAskaranandinAmavibudhastasyA bhavattatvavita tenAkAri sukhAvibodhaviSayA tattvArthavRttiH sphuTaM / bhAskaranandI' nAma ke eka vidvAna kA ullekha lakSmezvara (maisUra) ke san 1077-78 ke lekha meM milatA 1. eka bhAskaranandI kA ullekha pArA jaina siddhAnta bhavana kI nyAya kumudacandra kI lipi prazasti meM saukhyanandI ke praziSya aura devanandI ke ziSya bhAskaranandI kA ullekha hai, jo unase bhinna haiM / (anekAnta varSa 1 pR0 133

Page #490
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 556 hai| sarasthagaNa ke zrInandipaMDita deva tathA unake bandhu bhAskaranandi paMDitadeva ke samAdhimaraNa kA ullekha hai| (jaina lekha ma0 bhA04 pR0 113) / jinacandra nAma ke bhI aneka vidvAna ho gae haiM : - eka jinacandra kA ullekha sa0 1226 ke vijoliyA ke zilAlekha meM hai jo lolAka ke guru the| kalasApura (maisUra) ke san 1176 ke zilAlekha meM bAlacandra kI guruparamparA meM gopanandi caturmukhadeva ke bAda jinacandra kA ullekha hai| zravaNabelagolaka zilAlekha naM056 me eka yogi jinacandra kA ullekha hai| cauthe jinacandrave hai| jinakA sa0 1448 (san 1362) ke lekha meM jinacandra bhaTTAraka ke dvArA mUrti sthApanA kA ullekha hai| pAcave jinacandra ve hai jinakA ullekha mAdhavanandI ko guru paramparA meM guNacandra ke bAda jinacandra kA nAma diyA hai| chaThe jinacandra bhAskaranandi ke ga haiN| aora sAtaveM jinacandra mUlasagha ke bhaTTAraka zubhacandra ka padhara hai, jo ma0 1507 meM pratiSThina hA the / inakA samaya vikrama kI solahavIM zatAbdI hai| ina jinacandroM meM se kona se jinacandra bhAskaranandi ke guru the, yaha nizcita karanA kaThina hai| bhAskaranandi ne apanI mUkhavodhatti ke tIsare adhyAya ke tosare mUtra kI TIkA meM nimna padya uddhata kiyA haiM :--jo uDaDhA ke gamkRta paca gagraha ke jIva samAsa prakaraNa kA 168 vAM padya hai : dviSkApotAtha kA potA nIla nIlA ca madhyamA / nIlAkRSNe ca kRSNAti kRSNaratnaprabhAdiSu // paMca sa01-168 pR0670 isake atirikta bhAskaranandI ne caturtha adhyAya ke dUsare sUtra kI TIkA meM nimna padya uddhRta kiye haiM "lezyA yogapravRttiH syaatkssaayodyrnyjitaaH| bhAvato dravyato'Ggasya chaviH SoDhomato tu sA" // 1184 "paDalezyAMgA mate'nyeSAM jyotiSkA bhaumabhAvanAH / kApotamudgagomUtra varNalezyAnilAjinaH // 1-160 "lezyAzcaturyuSaT ca syustisrastisraH zubhAstriSu / guNasthAneSu zuklakA SaSu nilezyamantimam // 1-165 prAdyAstisropya paryAptaSva saMkhyeyAbdaM jIviSa / lezyAH kSAyika sadRSTau kApotAsyA jjaghanyakA" // 1-166 SaTanTa-tiyaMkSa tistro'ntyAsteSvasaMkhyAbda jIviSa / ekAkSa vikalA saMjiSvAdya lezyAtrayaM matam" / / 1-167 isame spaSTa hai ki bhAskaranandi ne ukta padya DaDDhA ke saMskRta pacasaMgraha se uddhata kiye haiN| DaDaDhA kA samaya vikrama kI 11vI zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha hai| aura bhAskaranandi usake bahuta bAda hue haiN| zAntirAja zAstrI ne 'mukhabodhAvRtti kI prastAvanA meM bhAskaranandI kA samaya IsA kI 13vIM zatAbdI kA antima bhAga batalAyA hai| merI rAya meM inakA samaya vikrama kI 14vIM zatAbdI honA saMbhava hai grantha sAmane na hone se usa para isa samaya vizeSa vicAra nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| bhAskaranandI kI dUsarI kRti dhyAnastava hai| jisameM maya prazasti padyoM ke 100 padya haiM, jinameM dhyAna kA varNana kiyA hai isakA dhyAna se samIkSaNa karane para usapara tattvAnazAsanAdigranthoM kA prabhAva parilakSita hotA hai| 1. jaina lekha sa0 bhA0 4 pR0 201 2. jaina lekha saMgraha bhA0 1 pR0 115 3. jaina lekha saM0bhA04pR0 287

Page #491
chaThA adhyAya 15vIM, 16vIM, 17vIM aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke prAcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi kavi raidhU kavi govinda haricandra agravAla kavi koTIzvara bhaTTAraka padmanandI paMDita khetA bhaTTAraka yazaHkIti bhaTTAraka jJAnabhUSaNa muni kalyANakoti kavi dAmodara bhaTTAraka prabhAcandra nAgacandra bha0 zubhakIti abhinava samantabhadra kavi maMgarAja (tRtIya) bha0 guNabhadra somadeva brahma zrutasAgara padmanAbha kAyastha brahma nemidatta kavi dhanapAla abhinava dharmabhUSaNa bhaTTAraka sakalakoti bha0 vidyAnandi paNDita rAmacandra bha0 zrutakIti nAgadeva kavi mANikyarAja cArukoti paNDitadeva kavi tejapAla lakSmIcandra bha0 somakIti kavi halla yA haricandra ajita brahma kavi prasavAla kavi ThakurasI brahma sAdhAraNa brahma jI baMdhara budha vijayasiMha paM. nemicandra (pratiSThA tilaka ke kartA) bhaTTAraka zubhacandra kavi dharmadhara bha0 ratnakoti paM0 haricandra paMDita yogadeva paM0 meghAvI kavi jalhiga kavi mahAcandra nemacandra bha0 prabhAcandra paNDita nemicandra bha0 zubhacandra bha. zubhacandra bha0 amarakIti kavi bhAskara . vIra kavi yA budhavIra bha0 kamalakIti kavi doDDayya kavi candrasena paMDita jinadAsa 457

Page #492
458 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 brahma kRSNa yA kezavasena sUri vAdicandra kavi rAjamalla zAha ThAkura bhaTTAraka vizvasena bhaTTAraka vidyAbhUSaNa bha0 zrIbhUSaNa bha0 candrakIti bha0 sakalabhUSaNa bha0 dharmakIti bha0 guNacandra bha0 ratanacandra vAdi vidyAnanda brahma kAmarAja brahma rAyamalla bha0 jJAnakoti paNDita rUpacandra sumatikoti bhaTTakalaMkadeva kavi bhagavatIdAsa bha0 siMhanandI paNDita zivAbhirAma paNDita prakSayarAma kavi nAgava paM0 jagannAtha kavi vAdirAja aruNamaNi (lAlamaNi) bha0 devendrakIti bha0 dharmacandra vimaladAsa

Page #493
15vI, 16voM, 17vIM aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTrAraka aura kavi 456 kavivara raidhU kavivara raidha saMghAdhipa devarAya ke pautra aura harisiMgha ke putra the, jo vidvAnoM ko AnandadAyaka the, aura mAtA kA nAma 'vijayasiri' (vijayathI) thA jo rUpalAvaNyAdi gaNoM se alaMkRta hote hA bhI zIla saMyamAdi sadguNoM se vibhUpita thii| kavivara kI jAti padmAvatI puravAla thI aora kavivara ukta padmAvatI kularUpI kamaloM ko vikasita karane vAle divAkara (sUrya) the jaisAki 'sammaijinacariu' graMtha kI prazasti ke nimna vAkyoM se prakaTa hai caMsa devarAya saMghAhiba gaMdaNu, harisiMghu buhayaNa kula, paannNdnnu| 'pomAvai kula kamala-divAyaru, harisighu buhayaNa kula, paannNdnnu| jassa gharija raidhU buha jAyau. dev-stth-guru-py-prnnuraayu||' kavivara ne apane kUla kA paricaya 'pomAvaikUla' pomAvai 'pUravADavaMma' jaise vAkyoM dvArA karAyA hai| jisase ve padmAvatI puravAla nAma ke kula meM samutpanna hue the| jainasamAja meM corAsI upajAtiyoM ke astitva kA ullekha milatA hai| unameM kitanI hI jAtiyoM kA astitva Aja nahIM miltaa| kitu ina corAsI jAtiyoM meM aisI kitanI hI upajAtiyAM athavA vaMga haiM jo pahale kabhI bahuta kucha samRddha aura sampanna rahe haiM; kiMtu Aja ve utane samRddha evaM vaibhavazAlI nahIM dikhate aura kitane hI vaMza evaM jAtiyAM prAcIna samaya meM gauravazAlI rahI haiM kiMtu Aja ukta saMkhyA meM unakA ullekha bhI zAmila nahIM hai| jaise dharkaTa' aadi|| ina caurAsI jAtiyoM meM padmAvatI pUravAla bhI eka upajAti hai, jo Agaga, mainapurI, eTA, gvAliyara Adi sthAnoM meM AbAda hai| inakI jana-sakhyA bhI kaI hajAra pAI jAtI hai| vartamAna meM yaha jAti bahuta kucha pichar3I huI hai to bhI isameM kaI pratipTina vidvAna hai / ve Aja bhI samAja-sevA ke kArya meM lage hue hai / yadyapi isa jAti ke vidvAn apanA udaya brAhmaNoM se batalAte haiM aura apane ko devanandI (pUjyapAda) kA santAnoya bhI prakaTa karate haiM, parantu itihAsa se unakI yaha kalpanA kevala kalpita jAna par3atI hai| isake do kAraNa hai| eka to yaha ki upajAtiyoM kA itivRtta abhI adhakAra meM hai| jo kucha prakAza meM A pAyA hai, usake AdhAra meM usakA astitva vikrama kI dazamI zatI se pUrva kA jJAta nahI hotA / ho sakatA hai ki ve usake bhI pUrvavartI rahI hoM, parantu binA kisI prAmANika AdhAra ke isa sambandha meM kucha nahI kahA jA sakatA, paTTAvalI vAlA dUsarA kAraNa bhI prAmANika pratIta nahIM hotA, kyoMki paTTAvalI meM prAcArya pUjyapAda (devanandI) ko padmAvatI-puravAla likhA hai, parantu prAcIna aitihAsika pramANoM se unakA padmAvatI-puravAla honA pramANita nahI hotA, kAraNa ki devanandI brAhmaNa kula meM samutpanna hue the| jAti aura gotroM kA adhikAMza vikAsa athavA nirmANa gAva, nagara aura deza grAdi ke nAmoM para se hA hai| udAharaNa ke lie sAMbhara ke Asa-pAsa ke bagherA sthAna se bagheravAla, pAlI me pallIvAla, khaNDelA me khaNDe navAla, agrohA se agravAla, jAyasa athavA jesA se jarAvAla aura osA se prosavAla jAti kA nikAsa hA hai| tathA caderI ke nivAsI hone se canderiyA, candavADa se cAduvADa yA cAMdavADa aura padmAvatI nagarI meM padmAvatiyA aAdi gotroM evaM mara kA udaya hA hai| isI taraha anya kitanI hI jAtiyoM ke sambaMdha meM prAcIna lekhoM, tAmrapatroM. sikkoM. granthaprazastiyoM aura granthoM Adi para se unake itivRtta kA patA lagAyA jA sakatA hai| 1. harisighaha putte guNagaraNa jutte haMsivi vijayasiri gaMdagoNa / -samatta guNanidhAna jaina grantha pra0, prastA0 bhA0: pR0 87 2. yaha jAti jaina samAja meM gauravazAlinI rahI hai| isameM aneka pratiSThita zrImampanna zrAvaka aura vidvAn hue haiM jinakI kRtiyAM Aja bhI apane astitva se bhUtala ko samalaMkRta kara rahI haiN| bhaviSyadatta kathA ke kartA budha dhanapAla aura dharmaparIkSA ke kartA budha hariSeNa ne bhI apane janma se 'dharkaTa vaMza ko pAvana kiyA hai| hariSeNa ne apanI dharmaparIkSA vi0 saM0 1044 meM banAkara samApta kI hai| dharkaTa vaMza ke anuyAyI digambara zvetAmbara dono hI sampradAyoM meM rahe haiN|

Page #494
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 ukta kavivara ke graMthoM meM ullikhita 'pomAvaI' zabda svaya padmAvato nAma ko nagarI kA vAcaka hai| yaha nagarI pUrva samaya meM khUba samRddha thii| usakI isa samRddhi kA ullekha khajurAho ke vi0 saM0 1052 ke zilAlekha meM pAyA jAtA hai| isame yaha batalAyA gayA hai ki yaha nagaro UMce-UMce gaganacumbI bhavanoM evaM makanAtAM se suzAbhita thI usake rAjamArgoM meM bar3e-bar3e teja turaMga daur3ate the aura usako camakatI huI svaccha eva zubhra dIvAreM prAkAza se bAteM karatI thIM sodhuttuMgapataGgalaGghanapathaprottuMgamAlAkulA, zubhrAuMkaSapANDurAccazikharaprAkAracitrA (mba) rA prAleyAcala zRGgasanni (ni) bhazubhaprAsAdasamAvatI bhavyApUrvamabhUdapUrvaracanA yA nAma pdmaavtii| tvaMgattuMgaturaMgamodagamakSu (khu) rakSodAdrajaH pro [ddha] ta, yasyAM jIna (Na) kaThora babhu (sra) makaro kUrmodarAbhaM namaH / mattAnekakarAlakumbhi karaTaprotkRSTavRSTyA [d bhu] vaM / taM kardama mudriyA kSititalaM tAbU (ba) ta ki saMstumaH // - Enigraphica Indica V. I. P. 149 isa samUllekha para se pAThaka sahaja hI meM padmAvatI nagarI kI vizAlatA kA anumAna kara sakate haiN| isa nagarI ko nAgarAjAoM kI rAjadhAnI banane kA bhI saubhAgya prApta hayA thA aura padmAvatI kAMtipUrI tathA mathuga meM nau nAgarAjAmoM ke rAjya karane kA ullekha milatA hai| padmAvatI nagarI ke nAgarAjAoM ke siko bhI mAlavA meM kaI jagaha mile haiN| gyArahavIM shtaabd| meM racita 'sarasvatI kaMThAbharaNa' meM bhI padmAvatI kA varNana hai| mAlatI-mAdhava meM bhI padmAvatI kA kathana pAyA jAtA hai jise lekhavRddhi ke bhaya se chor3A jAtA hai| paraMtu kheda hai ki Aja yaha nagarI vahAM apane usa rUpa meM nahI hai kintu gvAliyara rAjya meM usake sthAna para 'pavAyA' nAmaka eka choTA sA gAMva basA dayA hai, jo ki dehalI se bambaI jAne vAlI relave lAina para 'devarA' nAma ke sTezana se kucha hI dUra para sthita hai| yaha padmAvatI nagarI hI padmAvatI jAti ke nikAsa kA sthAna hai| isa dRSTi se vartamAna 'pavAyA' grAma padmAvatI lie vizepa mahatva kI vastu hai| bhale hI vahAM para Aja padmAvatI pUravAloM kA nivAsa na ho, kintu usake Asa pAsa Aja bhI vahAM padmAvatI puravAloM kA nivAsa pAyA jAtA hai / Upara ke ina saba ullekhoM para se grAma nagarAdika nAmoM para se upajAtiyoM kI kalpanA ko pUSTi milatI hai| zraddheya paM0 nAthUrAmajI premI ne 'paravAra jAti ke itihAsa para prakAza' nAma ke apane lekha meM paravAro ke sAtha padmAvatI puravAloM kA sambandha jor3ane kA prayatna kiyA thA aura paM0 bakhatarAma ke 'buddhivilAsa' ke anusAra sAtavAM bheda bhI pragaTa kiyA hai / ho sakatA hai ki isa jAti kA koI sambandha paravAroM ke sAtha bhI rahA ho kinta padmAvatI puravAloM kA nikAsa paravAroM ke sattamamUra padmAvatiyA se huA ho| yaha kalpanA ThIka nahIM jAna paDatI aura na kinhIM prAcIna pramANoM se usakA samarthana hI hotA hai aura na sabhI 'puravADavaMza' paravAra hI kahe jA sakate haiM / kyoMki padmAvatI puravAloM kA nikAsa padmAvatI nagarI ke nAma para huA hai, paravAroM ke sattamamUra nhiiN| aAja bhI jo loga kalakattA aura dehalI prAdi dUra zaharoM meM cale jAte haiM unhe kalakatiyA yA kalakatte 1. navanAgA padmAvatyAM kAMtipuryA mayurAyAM, viSNu pu0 aza 4 a0 24 / 2. dekho, rAjapUtAna kA itihAsa prathama jilda pahalA saMskaraNa pR0 230 / 3. dekho, anekAnta varSa 3 kiraNa 7 4. sAta khAMpa paravAra kahAve, tinake tumako nAma sunAveM / aThasakkhA puni haiM causakkhA, te sakkhA puni haiM dosakkhA / soraThiyA aru gAMgaja jAno, padmAvatiyA sattama maano|| -buddhi vilAsa

Page #495
15vI, 16vI, 17vI aura 18vI zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi vAlA dehalavo yA dillI vAlA kahA jAtA hai, ThIka usI taraha paravAro ke sattamamUra padmAvatiyA, kI sthiti hai| gAva ke nAma para se gotra kalpanA kaise kI jAtI thI isakA udAharaNa pa0 banArasIdAsajI ke ardhakathAnaka se jJAta hotA hai aura vaha isa prakAra hai-madhyapradeza ke nikaTa 'bIholo'nAma kA eka gAva thA umameM rAjavazI rAjapUta rahate the / ve guru pramAda se jainI ho gaye aura unhoMne apanA pApamaya triyA-kANDa chor3a diyaa| unhone NamokAra mantra kI mAlA pahanI, unakA kula zrImAla kahalAyA aura gotra biholiyA rakgvA gyaa| yAhI bharata sukheta meM, madhyadeza zabha ThAMu / vasa nagara rohatagapara, nikaTa bihotI gAMu // 8 gAMu biholI meM basa, rAjavaMza rajapUta / te gurumukha jainI bhae, tyAgi karama adha-bhUta // pahirI mAtA maMtra kI pAyo kala zrImAla / thApyo gotra biholiyA, bIholI rakhapAla // 10 // isI taraha se upajAtiyo aura unaka gotrAdi kA nirmANa hayA hai / kavi raidhu bhaTTArakIya pa0 ye, pAra tAtkAlika bhaTTArako kA ve apanA guru mAnate the| prora bhaTTArako ke sAtha unakA idhara udhara pravAsa bhI hapA hai| unhone kacha sthAno me kucha samaya Thaharaphara kaI gratho kI racanA bhI kI hai, aimA unakI gratha prazastiyo para na jAnA jAtA hai| ve paniThAcArya bhI ye aura unhoMne aneka matiyo kI pratiSThA bhI karAI thii| unake dvArA pratiSThita kaI mUrtiyo ke mUti nakha Aja bhI prata hai jinage yaha mAlama hotA hai ki unhoMne unakI pratiSThA sa. 1467 ora 1506 meM gvAliyara ke prasiddha zAmaka rAjA igasiha ke rAjya meM karAI thii| vaha mati AdinAtha kI hai|' ora sa0 1525 kA lekha bhI gvAliyara ke rAjA kAtisiha ke gajyavAla kA hai| vipara vivAhita ye yA yativAhita, isakA koI spaSTa ulopa mere deyane ma nahI pAyA pAra na karane apane ko vAla brahmacArI hI prakaTa kiyA hai| isame to ve vivAhita mAlUma hote hai pora jAna paDanA hai ki va gahastha-paTita the Ara usa samaya ve pratiSThita vidvAn gine jAte the| grantha-praNayana meM jo bhaTasvarUpa dhana yA vastrAbhUSaNa prApta hote the, vahI unakI grAjIvikA kA pradhAna prAdhAra thaa| balabhadra caritra (padmapurANa) kI antima prazasti ke 172 kaDavaka ke nimna vAkyo meM mAlama hotA hai ki ukta kavivara ke dA bhAI ora bhI the, jinakA nAma bAhola ora mAharNAmaha thaa| jemA ki ukta grantha kI prazasti ke nimna vAkyoM se prakaTa hai miripomAvaDaparavAlavasa, NaMdau harisiMgha saMghavI jAsamaMsa ghattA- bAhola mAhaNasiMha ciru NaMdau, iha raidhUkavi tIyau vi dhraa| molikya samANau kalagaNa jANau NaMdau mahiyali so vi praa|| yahA para mai itanA aura bhI prakaTa kara denA cAhatA hU~ ki meghazvara carita (pAdipUrANa) kI mavata 1851 kI likhI gaI eka prati najIbAbAda jilA bijanora ke zAstra-bhaNDAra me hai jo bahuta hI azuddha rUpa se likhI gaI hai jisake kAna pAne ko prAcArya mihamena likhA hai aura unhone apane ko saghavI harisiha kA putra bhI batalAyA hai| sihapena ke AdipurANa ke usa ullekha para se hI pa0 nAthUrAmajI premI ne dazalakSaNa jayamAlA kI prastAvanA me kavi raidhU kA paricaya karAte hue phuTanoTa me zrI paDita jugalakizorajI mukhtAra kI raidhU ko mihamena kA bar3A bhAI mAnane kI kalpanA ko amagata ThaharAte hue raidhU Ara sihasena ko eka hI vyakti hone kI kalpanA kI hai / parantu premIjI kI yaha kalpanA sagata nahI hai ora na raidhU sihamena kA bar3A bhAI hI hai kintu raidhU ora sihasena donA bhinna-bhinna vyakti hai / sihamena ne apane ko 'pAiriya' pragaTa kiyA hai jabaki raidhU ne apane ko paNDita aora kavi hI sacita kiyA hai| usa AdipurANa kI prati kA dekhane aura dUsarI pratiyo ke sAtha milAna karane se jAna par3atA hai ki usake kartA kavi raidhU hI hai| sAre grantha kI vevala Adi anta prazasti meM hI kucha parivartana hai| zeSa grantha kA kathA bhAga jyo kA tyoM hai usameM koI antara nhii| aisI sthiti meM ukta prAdipurANa ke kartA 1. dekho, gvAliyara jaMTiyara ji0 1, tathA anekAnta varSa 10 ki0 3, pR. 101 /

Page #496
462 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 raidha kavi hI pratIta hote haiM, siMhasena nhiiN| hA~, yaha ho sakatA hai ki siMhasenAcArya kA koI dUsarAhI grantha rahA ho, para ukta grantha sihasenAdUriya kA nahIM kintu raidhU kavikRta hI hai / sammaijinacariu kI prazasti meM raidhU ne siMhasena nAma ke eka muni kA ullekha bhI kiyA hai aura unheM guru bhI batalAyA hai aura unhIM ke vacana se sammaijinacariu kI racanA kI gaI hai / dhattA - "taM NisuNi vi guruNA gacchahu guruNAI siMhaseNa muNe / purusaMThiu paMDiu sIla akhaMDiu bhaNiu teNa taM tammi khaNi // 5 // guru paramparA kavivara ne apane granthoM meM apane gA kA koI paricaya nahIM diyA hai aura na unakA smaraNa hI kiyA hai| hAM, unake granthoM meM tAtkAlika kucha bhaTTArakoM ke nAma avazya pAye jAte hai jinakA unhoMne pAdara ke sAtha ullekha kiyA hai| padmapurANa kI Adya prazasti ke caturtha kaDavaka kI nimna paktiyoM meM, ukta grantha ke nirmANa meM preraka sAhu harasI dvArA jo vAkya kavi radhu ke prati kahe gae haiM unameM raidha ko 'zrIpAla brahma prAcArya ke ziSya rUpa se sambodhita kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI sAhU soDhala ke nimitta 'nemipurANa ke race jAne aura apane lie rAmacarita ke kahane kI preraNA bhI kI gaI hai jisame spaSTa mAlUma hotA hai ki raidhU ke guru brahma zrIpAla the| ve vAkya isa prakAra haiM: bho raidhU paMDiu guraNa NihANu, pomAvai vara vaMsaha phaannu| siripAla brahma prAyariya sIsa, mahu vayaNu suNahi bho buha girIsa // soDhala Nimitta Nemihu purANa, virayau jaha kijnnvihiy-maannu| taM rAmacaritta vi mahu bhaNehi, lakkhaNa sameu iya maNi muNahi // prastuta brahma zrIpAla kavi raidhU ke guru jAna par3ate haiM, jo bhaTTAraka yaza:kIti ke ziSya the / 'sammai-jinacariu' kI antima prazasti meM muni yaza:kIti ke tIna ziSyoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai' -khemacanda, haripeNa aura brahma pAla (brahma shriipaal)| unameM ullikhita mUni brahmapAla hI brahma zrIpAla jAna par3ate haiN| aba taka sabhI vidvAnoM kI yaha mAnyatA thI ki kavivara raidhu bhaTTAraka yazaHkIrti ke ziSya the kiMtu isa samullekha para se ve yaza:kIrti ke ziSya na hokara praziSya jAna par3ate haiN| kavivara ne apane graMthoM meM bhaTTAraka yaza:kIrti ka khalA yazogAna kiyA hai aura meghezvara carita kI prazasti meM to unhoMne bhaTTAraka yazaHkIti ke prasAda se vicakSaNa hone kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| sammatta guNa-NihANa graMtha meM muni yaga:kIti ko tapasvI, bhavyarUpI kamaloM ko saMbodhana karane vAlA sUrya, aura pravacana kA vyAkhyAtA bhI batalAyA hai aura unhI ke prasAda se apane ko kAvya karane vAlA aura pApamala kA nAzaka batalAyA hai| taha paNa sutava tAvataviyaMgo, bhvy-kml-sNboh-pyNgo| NiccobhAsiya pavayaNa saMgo, vaMdivi siri jasakitti prsNgo| tAsu pasAe kavvu payAsami, prAsi vihiu kali-malu-NiNNAsami / isake sivAya yazodhara caritra meM bhaTTAraka kamalakIti kA bhI guru nAma se smaraNa kiyA hai| nivAsa sthAna aura samakAlIna rAjA kavivara raidhU kahAM ke nivAsI the aura vaha sthAna kahAM hai aura unhoMne grantha racanA kA yaha mahatvapUrNa kArya kina rAjAoM ke gajyakAla meM kiyA hai yaha bAteM avazya vicAraNIya hai| yadyapi kavi ne apanI janmabhUmi Adi kA koI paricaya nahI diyA, jisase usa sambandha meM vicAra kiyA jAtA, phira bhI unake nivAsa sthAna Adi ke 1. muriNa jamakitti hu simsa guNAyaru, khemacandu hariseNu tavAyaru / muNi ta pAlha babhue NaMdahu, tiNi vi pAvahu bhAsa NikaMdahu / -sammai jinapariu prazasti

Page #497
15vIM 16vIM 17vIM aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi sambandha meM jo kucha jAnakArI prApta ho sakatI hai, use pAThakoM kI jAnakArI ke lie nIce diyA jAtA hai: - ukta kavi ke grantho me patA calatA hai ki ve gvAliyara meM neminAtha aura varddhamAna jinAlaya meM rahate the aura kavittarUpI rasAyana ke nidhi rasAla the| gvAliyara 15vI zatAbdI meM khUba samRddha thA, usa samaya vahAM para dehalI ke tomara vaMza kA zAsana cala rahA thaa| tomara vaMza bar3A hI pratiSThita kSatriya vaMga rahA hai aura unake zAsanakAla meM jainadharma ko panapane kA bahuta kucha Azraya milA hai| jaina sAhitya meM gvAliyara kA mahatvapUrNa sthAna rahA hai / usa samaya to vaha eka vidyA kA kenda hI banA huA thA, vahAM kI mUrtikalA aura purAtatva kI kalAtmaka sAmagrI Aja bhI darzakoM ke citta ko apanI ora AkarSita kara rahI hai| usake samavalokana se gvAliyara kI mahattA kA sahaja hI bhAna ho jAtA hai / kavivara ne svayaM samyaktva-guNa-nidhAna nAmaka grantha kI Adya prazasti meM gvAliyara kA varNana karate hue vahAM ke tatkAlIna zrAvakoM kI caryA kA jo ullekha kiyA hai use bataura udAharaNa ke nIce diyA jAtA hai: tahu rajji mahAyaNa bahuSaNaTTha, guru-deva sattha viNayaM viyaTTha / jahi vikkhaNa maNuva savva, dhammANurata vara galiya gavva // jahi satta vasaNa-cuya sAvayAI, Nivasaha pAliya do -daha-vayAI / samma saNa - maNi-bhUsiyaMga, NicconbhAsiya pavayaNa suyaMga || dArApekhaNa vihi NiccalINa, jiNa mahima mahucchava Niru pavINa / ceyaNaguNa prappAruha pavitta, jiNa sutta rasAyaNa savaNa titta // paMcama dussamu ai-visamu-kAlu, Niddala vi turiu pavihiu rasAlu / dhammabhANe je kAlulita, NavayAramaMtu graha - Nisu guNaMti // saMsAra mahaNNava-vaDaNa-bhIya, NissaMka pamuha guNa vaNNaNIya | jahiM NAyaNa diDha sIlajutta, dANe posiya Niru tiviha patta // tiya miseNa lacchi avayariya etyu, gayarUva Na dosai kA vi tettha / vara vara kaNayAharaNa ehi, maMDiya taNu sohahiM maNi jahi // ji--- ucchAha citta, bhava-taNu-bhoryAha Nicca ji virutta / gurudeva pApa paMyAhi loNa, sammaddaMsaNapAlaNa pavINa // para purisasa baMdhava sarisa jAMhi, zraha Nisu paDivaNNiya Niya manAhi / fe vaNami tahi hau purisa jAri, jahaM DiMbha vi saga vasaNAvahAri / 463 vaha paha posaha kuNaMti, ghari ghari caccari jiNa guNa thuNaMti / samma vatthu fire vahaMti, para avaguNa pahi guNa kahati // eri sAvaryA vihiyamANu, NemIsurajiNa hari vaDDhamANu / visas jA rahadhU kavi guNAlu, sukti rasAyaNa- Nihi rasAlu // 5 // ina padyoM para dRSTi DAlane se usa samaya ke gvAliyara kI sthiti kA sahaja hI jJAna prApta ho jAtA hai / usa samaya loga kitane dhArmika saccaritra aura apane karttavya kA yatheSTa pAlana karate the yaha jAnane tathA anukaraNa karane kI vastu hai / gvAliyara meM usa samaya tomara vaMzI rAjA DUMgarasiMha kA rAjya thaa| DUMgarasiMha eka pratApI aura jainadharma meM prAsthA rakhane vAlA zAsaka thaa| usane apane jIvana kAla meM aneka jaina mUrtiyoM kA nirmANa karAyA, vaha isa punIta kArya ko apanI jIvita avasthA meM pUrNa nahIM karA sakA thA, jise usake priya putra kIrtisiMha yA karaNasiMha ne pUrA kiyA thA / rAjA DUMgarasiMha ke pitA kA nAma gaNeza yA gaNapatisiMha thA, jo vIramadeva kA putra thA / gaNapatisiMha vi0 saM0 1479 meM rAjya pada para AsIna the| inake rAjya kAla meM ukta saMvat vaizAkha sudi zukravAra ke dina mUla saMghI naMdyAmnAyI bhaTTAraka zubhacandra deva ke maNDalAcArya paNDita bhagavata ke putra khemA aura dharmapatnI khemAde ne dhAtu kI

Page #498
414 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa--bhAga 2 caubIsI mUrti kI pratiSThA karAI thI' / pazcAt maM0 1481 meM DUMgarasiMha rAjagaddI para baiThA / rAjA Draganiha rAjanIti meM dakSa, zatroM ke mAna mardana karane meM samartha, aura kSatriyocita kSAtra teja me alaMkRta thaa| guNa gagaha me vibhUpita, anyAya rUpI nAgoM ke vinAza karane meM pravINa, paMcAMga maMtrazAstra meM kuzala tathA asi rUpa agni ge mithyAtva-rUpI vaMza kA dAhaka thA / usakA yaza saba dizAmoM meM vyApta thaa| vaha rAjya-paTaTa se alakana. vipala bala se sampanna thaa| DaMgarasiMha kI paTarAnI kA nAma caMdAde thA, jo atizaya rUpavatI aura pativratA thI / inake putra kA nAma karaNasiMha, kInimiha yA kIrtipAla thA, jo apane pitA ke samAna hI guNajJa, balavAna aura rAjanIti meM catura thA / DaMgaramiha ne naravara ke kile para gherA DAla kara apanA adhikAra kara liyA thaa| zatra loga igake pratApa eva parAkrama se bhayabhIta rahate the| jainadharma para kevala usakA anurAga hI na thA kiMtu usa para vaha yAnI pUrI prArathA bhI rakhatA thaa| phalasvarUpa usane jaina mUrtiyoM kI khudavAI meM sahasroM rupaye vyaya kie the| isase hI usako AsthA kA anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai| __DaMgarAMsaha san 1424 (vi0 saM0 1881) meM gvAliyara kI gaddI para baiThA thA / usake rAjya samaya ke do mUrti lekha sambat 1466 aura 1510 ke prApta haiM / samvat 1482 kI eka, aura sambat 1886 kA dA lekhaka prazastiyA~ paM0 vibudha zrIdhara ke saMskRta bhaviSyadatta caritra aura apabhraMza-bhApA ke sukamAnacAratra kI prApta huI haiN| inake sivAya 'bhaviSyadatta paMcamI kathA' kI eka apUrNa lekhaka prazasti kArajA ke jJAna bhaNDAra kA prAta meM prApta huI hai / iMgarAMsaha 0 saM0 1481 se saM0 1510 yA isake kucha bAda taka zAsana kiyaa| usake bAda rAjya sattA usaka putra kAtisiha ke hAtha meM AI thii| __ kavivara raidhU ne rAjA DUgarasiha ke rAjya kAla meM to aneka grantha race hI hai kintu unake putra kItisiha ke rAjya kAla meM bhI sama kaumudI (sAvaya cariu) kI racanA kI hai| granthakatA ne ukta grantha ko prazasti meM kIrtisiha kA paricaya karAte hue likhA hai ki vaha tomara kula rUpI kamaloM ko vikasita karane vAlA sUrya thA pora durvAra zatrayoM ke saMgrAma me atRpta thA / vaha apane pitA Dugarasiha ke samAna hI rAjya bhAra kA dhAraNa karane meM samartha thaa| vandI-janoM ne use bhArI argha samarpita kiyA thaa| usakI nirmala yaza rUpI latA loka meM vyApta ho rahI thii| usa samaya vaha kalicakravartI thaa| tomarakulakamalaviyAsa mitta, ducAravairisaMgara pratittu / DUMgaraNivarajjadharA samatthu, vaMdIyaNa samappiya bhUri pratthu / caurAya vijjapAlaNa prataMdu, Nimmala jasavallI bhuvaraNakaMdu / kalicakkavaTTi pAyaDaNihANu, sirikittisiMdhu mahivaipahANu // -samyaktva kaumudI patra 2 nAgaura bhaNDAra 1. caubImI dhAtu-15 iMca-saMvat 1476 varSa vaizAkhasudi 3 zukravAsare zrI gaNapati deva rAjya pravartamAne zrI mUlasaghe nadyAmnAye bhaTTAraka zubhacandra devA maMDalAcArya paM. bhagavata tatputra saMghavI khemA bhAryA khemAde jinabimba pratiSThA kaaraapitm| nayAmaMdira lazkara 2. saM0 1482 vaizAkhamudi 10 zrIyoginIpure sAhijAdA murAdakhAna rAjya pravartamAne zrIkASThA saMdhe mAthurAnvaye puSkaragaNe AcArya zrIbhAvasena devAstatpa? bha. zrIguNakIrtidevAstaziSya 2ii yazaHkoti devA upadezena likhApitaM // -jaina granthasUcI bhA0 5 pR0 363 3. san 1452 (vi0 saM0 1506) meM jaunapura ke sulatAna mahamUdazAha zarkI aura dehalI ke bAdazAha bahalola lodI ke bIca hone vAle saMgrAma meM kItisiMha kA dUsarA bhAI pRthvIpAla mahamUdazAha ke senApati phatahakhAM hArvI ke hAtha se mArA gayA thaa| paraMtu kavivara raidhu ke graMthoM meM kIrtisiMha ke dUsare bhAI pRthvIpAla kA koI ullekha nahIM pAyA jaataa| -dekho TADa rAjasthAna pR0 250 svargIya mahAmanA gaurIzaMkara hIrAcaMda jI ojhA kRta gvAliyara kI taMvara vaMzAvAlI ttippnnii|

Page #499
15vIM 16vIM 17vIM, aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi 465 kIrtisiMha vIra aura parAkramI zAsaka thaa| usane apanA rAjya apane pitA se bhI adhika vistRta kiyA thA / vaha dayAlu evaM sahRdaya thaa| jainadharma ke Upara usakI vizeSa AsthA thii| vaha apane pitA kA AjJAkArI thA, usane apane pitA ke jainamUrtiyoM ke khudAI ke avaziSTa kArya ko pUrA kiyA thaa| isakA pRthvIpAla nAma kA eka bhAI aura bhI thA / jo lar3AI meM mArA gayA thA / kIrtisiha ne apane rAjya ko yahA~ taka pallavita kara liyA thA ki usa samaya usakA rAjya mAlave ke sama kakSakA ho gayA thaa| dillI kA bAdazAha bhI kortisiha kI kRpA kA abhilApI banA rahanA cAhatA thA / san 1465 ( vi0 saM0 1522 ) meM jaunapura ke mahamUdazAha ke putra humainazAha ne gvAliyara ko vijita karane ke lie bahuta bar3I senA bhejI thii| taba se kortisiha ne dehalo ke bAdazAha bahalola lodI kA pakSa chor3a diyA thA aura jaunapura vAloM kA sahAyaka bana gayA thA / san 1478 (vi0 sa0 1535 ) meM husainazAha dillI ke bAdazAha bahalola lodI se parAjita hokara apanI patnI aura sampatti vagairaha ko chor3akara tathA bhAgakara gvAliyara meM rAjA kIrtisiMha kI zaraNa meM gayA thA taba kIrtisiMha ne dhanAdi se usakI sahAyatA kI thI aura kAlapI taka use sakuzala pahucAyA bhI thaa| isake sahAyaka do lekha san 1468 aura (vi0 0 1525) san 1873 ( vi0 sa0 1530 ) ke mina he | kIrtisiha kI mRtyu san 1476 (vi0sa0 1536 ) me huI thI / ataH isakA rAjya kAla samvat 1510 ke bAda se sa0 1536 taka pAyA jAtA hai' / ina dono ka rAjyakAla meM gvAliyara meM jainadharma khUba pallavita huA / racanAkAla 1 kavi raDadhU ke jina granthoM kA paricaya diyA gayA hai, yahA unake racanAkAla ke sambandha meM vicAra kiyA jAtA hai / kavi kI sabase prathama kRti zrAtma-sambodha kAvya hai / usakI ma0 1448 kI likhita prati grAmera bhaNDAra meM surakSita hai / raidhU ke mammatta guNanidhAna aura sukomalacariu ina do granthoM meM hI racanA samaya upalabdha huA hai / sammattaguNanidhAna nAma kA grantha vi0 sa0 1492 kI bhAdrapada zukla pUrNimA maMgalavAra ke dina banAyA gayA hai aura jo tIna mahIne meM pUrNa huA thA aura sukozalacariu usame cAra varSa bAda vikrama saM0 1466 meM mAgha kRSNA dazama ke anurAdhA nakSatra meM pUrNa huA hai / gammattaguNanidhAna meM kisI grantha ke race jAne kA koI ullekha nahI hai, hA~ sukozalacariu meM pArzvanAtha purANa harivaMza purANa aura balabhadracariu ina tIna granthoM kA ullekha milatA hai, jisase spaSTa hai ki ye tInoM grantha bhI savat 1866 se pUrva race gaye hai aura harivaMza purANa meM tripapTazalAkA puruSacarita ( mahApurANa) meghezvaracarita, yazodhara carita, vRttasAra, jIvadharacarita prora pArzvacarita ina chaha granthoM ke race jAne kA ullekha hai, jisase jAna par3atA hai ki ye grantha bhI harivaNa kI racanA se pUrva race jA cuke the / sammai jinacariu meM, pArzvapurANa, meghezvaracarita, tripaSTizalAkA puruSacarita ( mahApurANa) balabhadracarita ( paumacariu ) siddhacaka vidhi, sudarzanacarita aura dhanyakumAracarita ina sAta granthoM ke nAmoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai, jisase yaha grantha bhI ukta samvat se pUrva race jA cuke the / 1. bahalola lodI dehalI kA bAdazAha thA unakA rAjya kAla san 1451 ( vi0 sa0 1508) se lekara sana 1486 ( vi0 saM0 1546 ) taka 38 varSa pAyA jAtA hai / 2. dekho, zrojhA jI dvArA sampAdita TATa rAjasthAna hindI pRSTha 254 3. 'caudamaya vArarAva uttarAli, varimaigaya vikkamarAyakAli / vakyattu ji jiraNavaya samakvi, bhaddava mAsammi sa- seya pakva / midiriNa kujavAre samoI, muhayAre suhaggA meM jaraNe N / tihu mAsa yahi puSNahUu, smmttgunn| hiriNaha gadhUu / " 4. "siri vikkama samayaMtarAli, vaTTatai iMdu sama vibhama kAli / caudasya saMvaccharai aNNa chaNNau ahipuraNu jAya puNNa / mAha duji hidamI dimma aragurAhurikkha payaDiya sakami // "

Page #500
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 isake atirikta karakaNDucariu, samyaktva kaumudI, vRttasAra aNathamokathA, puNNAsabakathA, siddhAMtArthasAra, dazalakSaNa jayamAlA aura SoDazakAraNa jymaalaa| ina ATha granthoM meM se puNyAsrava-kathA koSa ko chor3akara zeSa grantha kahAM aura kaba race gae, isakA koI ullekha nahIM miltaa| raidhu ne prAyaH adhikAMza granthoM ko racanA gvAliyara meM rahakara tomara vaMza ke zAsaka DUMgarasiMha aura kItisiMha ke rAjya samaya meM kI hai jinakA rAjya kAla saMvat 1481 se saM0 1536 taka rahA hai| ataeva kavi kA racanAkAla sa0 1440 se 1530 ke madhyavartI samaya mAnA jA sakatA hai| ___ maiM pahale yaha batalA AyA hUM ki kavivara raidhU pratiSThAcArya the| unhoMne kaI pratiSThAe~ karAI thiiN| unake dvArA pratiSThita saMvat 1467 kI prAdinAtha kI mUrti kA lekha bhI diyA thA / yaha pratiSThA unhoMne gopAcala durga meM karAI thI isake sivAya, saMvat 1510 aura 1525 kI pratiSThita mUrtiyoM ke lekha bhI upalabdha hai, jinakI pratiSThA vahAM inake dvArA sampanna huI hai' saMvat 1525 meM sampanna hone vAlI pratiSThAe~ raidhU ne gvAliyara ke zAsaka kItisiMha yA karaNasiMha ke rAjya meM karAI hai, jinakA rAjya saMvat 1536 taka rahA hai| ___ kurAvalI (mainapurI) ke mUrtilekha jinakA saMkalana vAbU kAmatAprasAda jI ne kiyA thaa| ye bhI raidhU ko pratiSThAcArya ghoSita karate haiN| tadanusAra raidhU ne saM0 1506 jeTha sudi zukravAra ke dina caMdavAr3a meM cauhAna vaMzI rAjA rAmacandra ke putra pratApasiMha ke rAjyakAla meM agravAla vaMzI sAha gajAdhara aura bholAne bhagavAna zAMtinAtha kI mati kI pratiSThA karAI thii| anvepaNa karane para anya mati lekha bhI prApta ho sakate haiN| ina matilekhoM se kavi raidha ke jIvanakAla para acchA prakAza par3atA hai| ve saM0 1440 me maMvata 1525 taka to jIvita rahe hI haiM, kitu bAda meM aura kitane varSa taka jIvita rahe, yaha nizcaya karanA abhI kaThina hai anya sAdhana-sAmagrI ke milane para usa para praura bhI vicAra kiyA jaaygaa| isa taraha kavi vikrama kI 15vIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArdha ke vidvAna the| 1. devo, anekAnta varSa 10, kiraNa 10, tathA gvAliyara gajiTiyara ji0 1 2. dekho, merI noTa buka saM0 1525 meM pratiSThita mUrtilekha, gvAliyara 3. saM0 1506 jeTha mudI "zukre zrIcandrapATa durge pure cauhAna bage rAjAdhirAja zrIrAmacandradeva yuvarAja zrI pratApacandradeva rAjya vartamAne zrI kApThA saMve mAthuganvaye puSkaragaraNe AcArya zrI hemakItideva tatpa? bha. zrI kamalakIrtideva / paM. AcArya reSu nAmadheya tadamnAye prAgrotakAnvaye vAmila gotre sAhu tyodhara bhAryA dvau putrau dvau sA mahArAja nAmAnI tyoMdha. bhAryA zrIpA tayoH pUtrAzcatvAraH saMghAdhipati gajAdhara molhaNa janaka gatU nAmAna: saMdhAdhipati gaje bhAryA dve rAya zrI gAMgo nAmni saMghAdhipati molhaNa bhA0 somazrI putra tohaka, maghAdhipati jalakU. bhAryA mahAzrI tayoH putrI kulacandra meghacandau saghapati rAtU bhA0 abhayA zrI mAdhu tyodhara putra mahAgaja bhAryA madana zrI putrau dvau mANika'''bhAryA zivade... saghapati jayapAla bhAryA mugApate saMghAdhipati gajAdhara saMghA0 bholA pramukha zAntinAtha bimbaM pratiSThApitaM praNa mitaM ca / dekho, (prAcIna jaina lekha maMgraha, sampAdaka bA0 kaamtaaprsaad)| 4. 'agravAla yaha zabda eka kSatriya jAti kA sUcaka hai| jisakA vikAsa agrohA yA agrodaka janapada se huA hai| yaha sthAna paMjAba rAjya meM himAranagara se 13 mIla dUra dillI migmA sar3aka para sthita hai| isa samaya yaha ujar3A huA choTA sA gAva hai / yaha prAcIna kAla meM vizAla evaM vaibhava sampanna aitihAsika nagara thaa| isakA pramANa ve bhagnAvazeSa haiM jo isake sthAna ke nikaTa prAyaH sAta mau ekar3a bhUmi meM phaile hue haiN| yahAM eka TIlA 60 phuTa UMcA thA, jisakI khudAI man 1936 yA 40 meM huI thii| usame prAcIna nagara ke avazeSa, aura prAcIna sikko Adi kA Dhera prApta huA thaa| 26 phuTa se nIce prAcIna pAhana mudrA kA namUnA, cAra yUnAnI sikke aura 51 caukhaTe tAMbe ke sikko meM sAmane kI mora vRSabha' aura pIche kI ora siMha yA caityavRkSa kI mUrti hai| sirako ke pIche brAhmI akSare meM-'agoda ke agaca janapadasa 'zilAlekha bhI aMkita hai' jisakA artha 'agnodaka meM agaca janapada kA sikkA' hotA hai / agrohe kA nAma agrodaka bhI rahA hai / ukta sikkoM para aMkita vRSabha, siMha yA caitya vRkSa kI mUrti jaina mAnyatA kI ora saMketa karatI haiN| (dekho, epigrAphikA iMDikA ji02 pR0 244 / iMDiyana eNTIkverI bhAga 15 ke pa0 343 para agrotaka vaizyoM

Page #501
15vI, 16vI, 17vI, aura 18vI zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi 467 racanAeM kavi raidhU ne apabhraza bhASA meM aneka grantho kI racanA kI hai| unameM se upalabdha racanAtroM kA saMkSipta paricaya nimna prakAra hai : 1. appa sambohakavva-yaha kavi kI sabase pahalI kRti jJAta hotI hai| kyoki isakI 26 patrAtmaka eka hastalikhita prati maM0 1448 kI Amera bhaDAra me upalabdha hai| isa prAthamika racanA ko prAtmasambodhArtha likho haiM isameM 3 saMdhiyA aura 58 kar3avaka hai| jiname himA aNavratAdi paca vrato kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| aura batalAyA hai ki jo doSa rahita jina deva, nirgranthaguru aura dazalakSaNa rUpa ahimA dharma kA zraddhAna (vizvAsa) karatA hai vaha samyaktvaratna ko prApta karatA hai : jiNadeva paramaNigaMthaguru, dahalakNadhammu ahiMsayarU / soNiccha ubhAve sahasai, sammatta-rayaNa phaDa solhi|| isake pazcAta paca udambara phana aura madya-mAsa-madhu ke tyAga ko aSTamUla guNa batalAyA hai| aura isa prathama saMdhi meM ahimA, satya aura anoyaM rUpa tIna aNavato ke svarUpa kA kathana diyA hai| dUsarI sadhi meM caturtha aNuvrata brahmacarya kA varNana kiyA hai| tRtIya sadhi meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kA namaskAra kara karmakSaya ke het parigraha parimANa nAma ke pAcave praNavata ke kathana karane ko pratijJA kI hai| ____sammatta guNariNahAraNa-yaha grantha gvAliyara nivAsI sAhu khemasiha ke jyeSTha putra kamala siha ke anurodha se banAyA gayA hai| isa grantha meM 4 sadhi pAra 108 kar3avaka diye hue hai, unakI anumAnika zloka sakhyA teraha sau pacahattara ke lagabhaga hai / grantha kA zrAdyanta prazasti meM sAha kamala miha ke parivAra kA paricaya diyA huA hai| isameM samyaktva ke ATha agI meM prasiddha hone vAle pramukha puruSo kI rocaka kathAe bahuta hI sundaratA se dI gaI hai ye kathAeM pAThako kA varNana diyA hai| yaha sthAna hI agravAla jAti vA mUna nivAga gthAna thaa| yahA ke nivAsI dezabhakta vIra agnavAlI ne yUnAnI, zaka, kupANa, haraNa aura musalamAna Adi videzI prAkramaNa kAripo meM anaka zatAbdiyo taka jamakara lohA liyA thaa| muhammada gaurI ke AkramaNa ke samaya (mavat 1251) meM vahI prAcIna rAjya pUrNatayA vinaSTa ho gayA thaa| aura yahA ke nivAsI agravAla prAdi rAjasthAna aura uttara pradeza Adi me vasa gae the / kahA jAtA hai ki anohA me agramena nAma ke eka kSatriya gajA the / unhI kI santAna paramparA agravAla kahalAte hai / agnavAla gabda ke aneka artha hai / kintu yahA una artho kI vivakSA nahIM hai, yahA agradaMga ke rahane vAle artha hI vivakSita hai / agravAlo ke 18 gotra batalAye jaato| jiname garga, goyala, minala indala, mihala Adi nAma hai| agravAloM meM do dharmoM ke mAnane vAle pAye jAte hai| jaina agravAna yora vaiSNava agravAla / zrI lohAcArya ke upadeza me usa samaya jo jainadharma meM dIkSita ho gaya the, ve jaina agravAla kahalAye aura zeSa vaiSNava, parantu dono me geTI baTI vyavahAra hotA hai, rIti rivAjo meM kucha samAnatA hote hA bhI uname apana-apane dharmaparaka pravatti pAI jAtI he haoN mabhI agravAla himA dharma ke mAnneva le hai| upajAtiyo kA itivRtta 1. vI zatAbdI me pUrva kA nahI milatA, ho sakatA hai ki kucha upajAtiyA~ pUrvavartI rahI ho| agnavAlI kI jana parampaga ke ullekha 12vI zatAbdI taka ke mere dekhane me Ae hai| yaha jAti khUba sampanna rahI hai| loga dharmajJa, AcArga-pTha dayAlu aura jana-dhana se sa panna nathA rAjyamAnya rahe hai / tomara baMzI gajA anagapAla tRtIya ke rAja zreSThI aura grAmAtya agravAla kulAvataza sAha naTTala ne dillI me AdinAtha kA eka vizAla sundaratama madira banavAyA thA, jimakA u lega kavi zrIdhara agravAla dvAga race gaye pAvapUgaNa me kiyA gayA hai / yaha pAzva purANa savat 1186 me dillI meM ukta naTTala sAha ke dvArA banavAyA gayA thA usakI saMvat 1577 ko likhita prati Amera maDAra me surakSita hai / agravAlo dvArA aneka mandiro kA nirmANa tathA granthoM kI racanA aura unakI pratilipi karavAkara sAdhuo, bhaTTArako Adi ko pradAna karane ke aneka ullekha milate hai| isameM isa jAti kI sampannatA dhaniSThA aura paropakAravRtti kA paricaya milatA hai| hA~, iname zAsakavRtti adhika pAI jAtI hai| 1. lipi savat 1448 vaSa phAlguNa vadi 1 gugai dine srAvaga (zrAvaka) lapmaNa lakSmaNa kabhmakSaya vinAvA (zA) rtha likhita / Amera bhaDAra

Page #502
jaina dharma kA prAcIna hatihAsa-bhAga 2 ko atyanta surucikara aura sarasa mAlUma hotI haiM prazasti se jJAta hotA hai ki kSemasiMha kA kUla agravAla aura gotra goyala thA unakI patnI niurAde se do putra hue| kamalasiMha aura bhojarAja, kamala siMha vijJAna kalA kuzala aura buddhimAna, deva zAstra aura guru kA bhakta th| isakI bhAryA kA nAma 'sarAsai' thA, usase mallidAsa nAma kA putra hA thaa| aura inake laghu bhrAtA bhojarAja kI patnI devai se do putra candrasena aura devapAla nAma ke hue the / grantha ko prathama saMdhi meM 17veM kaDavaka se spaSTa hai ki kamalasiha ne bhagavAna AdinAtha kI gyAraha hAtha kI U~cI eka vizAla mUrti kA nirmANa rAjA iMgarasiMha ke rAjyakAla meM karAyA thA, jo durgati ke duHkhoM kI vinAzaka, mithyAtva rUpI girIndra ke liye vajra samAna, bhavyoM ke liye zubhagati pradAna karane vAlo, du:kha, roga, zoka kI nAzikA thI-jisake darzana cintana se bhavyoM kI bhava bAdhA sahaja hI dUra ho jAtI thii| isa mahatvapUrNa mUrti ko pratiSThA kara kamalasiMha ne mahAna puNya kA saMcaya kiyA thaa| "jo devahideva titthaMkaru, prAiNAhu titthoyasuhaMkaru / taha paDimA duggaiNiNNAsaNi, jA micchtt-giridN-sraasnni| jApuNu bhanvahasuhagai-sAsaNi, jAmahiroya-soya-duhu-NAsaNi / sA eyArahakara-pravihaMgI, kaashviynniruuvmpritugii| pragariNayapraNapaDimakolakkhaiM, saragarutAha gnnnnjiakkhi| kari vi payi? tilau puNu diNNau, cirubhavi pavihiu kalimalu-chiNNau // " tava kamalasiMha ne caturvidhi sagha kI vinaya kI thii| samyaktva ke aMgoM meM prasiddha hone vAle puruSoM kI kathAoM kA prAdhAra AcArya somadeva kA yazastilaka campU kA upAsakAdhyayana rahA pratIta hotA hai / kavi ne isa grantha kI racanA saM0 1462 meM kI thii| "caudaha saya bANau uttarAli, varisaha gaya vikkamarAya kaali| vakkhayattu ji jaNavaya samakkhi, bhaddava mAsammi sa-seyapakyi / puNNamidiNikujavAre samoi, suhayAre suhaNAmeM jaNoi / " sammaijiNacariu-isameM 10 sarga aura 246 kaDavaka haiM, jisameM jainiyoM ke antima tIrthakara bhagavAna mahAvIra kA jIvana-paricaya aMkita kiyA gayA hai / kavi ne isa grantha ke nirmANa karane ko kathA bar3I rocaka dI hai| brahma khelhAne kavi se grantha banAne kI svayaM preraNA nahIM kI, kyoMki unheM sandeha thA ki zAyada kavi unakI abhyarthanA ko svIkAra na kare / isI se unhoMne bhaTTAraka yaza:kIti dvArA kavi ko grantha banAne kI yAda dilAne kA prayatna kiyA kyoMki unheM vizvAsa thA ki kavi bhaTrAraka yazaHkIti kI bAta ko TAla nahIM sakate / bha0 yazaHkIti ne hisAra nivAsI sAhU tosau kI dAnavIratA, sAhitya rasikatA, aura dharma niSThatA kA paricaya karAte hue unake liye 'sammai jinacacariu' ke nirmANa karane kA nirdeza kiyaa| kavi ne apanI asamarthatA vyakta karate hue use svIkRti kiyaa| isase brahmacArI khelhA ko harpa honA svAbhAvika hai / prastuta brahma khelhA hisAra nivAsI agravAla vaMzI goyala gotrIya sAhUtosau kA jyeSTha putra thaa| usakA vivAha kurukSetra ke tejA sAhU kI jAlapA patnI se utpanna khImI nAma kI putrI se huA thaa| unake koI santA, na thii| ataH unhoMne apane bhAI ke putra hemA ko goda le liyA, aura gRhasthI kA saba bhAra use sauMpakara muni yaza:kIti se aNuvrata le liye| usI samaya se ve brahma khelhA ke nAma se pukAre jAne lge| vaha udAra, dharmAtmA aura guNajJa the aura saMsAra deha-bhogoM se udAsIna the| ___ unhoMne gvAliyara ke kile meM candraprabha bhagavAna kI eka gyAraha hAtha unnata vizAla mUrti kA nirmANa kraayaa| tA tammi khaNi baMbhavaya-bhAra bhAreNa siri ayaravAlaMkavaMsammi sAreNa / saMsAra-taNa-bhoya-NiviSNacittaNa, varadhamma bhANAmaeNava tittnn| khelhAhihANeNa gamiUNa guruteNa jasakitti viNNatta maMDiya guNeheNa / bho mayaNadAvaggiulhavaraNavaNadANa, saMsAra-jalarAsi-uttAra-vara jANa /

Page #503
46haM 15vI, 16vI, 17vI aura 18vI zatAbdI ke prAcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi zramhahaM pasAeNabhava- duha kayaMtassa sasipaha jiNedassa paDimA visuddhassa / kArAviyA maI ji govAyale tuMga, uDucAvi NAmeNa titthammi suhasaMga / khethA ne usa samaya apanI tyAgavRtti vA kSatra bar3hA liyA thA aura gyAraha pratimAdhArI utkRSTa zrAva " ke rUpa meM AtmasAdhanA karane lage the / grantha kI prAdyanta prazasti meM kavi ne tosau sAhu ke vaza kA vistRta paricaya diyA hai jisameM unake pari vAra dvArA sampanna hone vAle dhArmika kAryoM kA paricaya mila jAtA hai / kavine tApa sAhU kA ullekha karate hue unheM jina caraNoM kA bhakta, paMcaindriyo ke bhogo se virakta, dAna dena meM tatpara, pApa se zakti-bhaya-bhIta aura tattvacintana meM sadA nirata batalAyA hai| sAtha hI yaha bhI likhA hai usakI lakSmI dukhI jano ke bharaNa-poSaNa meM kAma prAtI thI / vANI zruta kA pravadhAraNa karatI thI / mastaka jinendra ko namaskAra karana meM pravRtta hotA thA / vaha zubhamatI thA, usake sabhApaNa meM koI doSa nahI hotA thA / cina tattva vicAra meM nimagna rahatA thA aura donoM hAtha jina pUjA-vidhi se santuSTa rahate the / jo NiccaM jiNa pAya kaMja bhasalo jo Nicca dANerado / jo paMcediya bhoya-bhAva-virado jo citae saMhido / jo saMsAra mahohi pAvana bhido jo pAvado saMkido / eso NaMdau tosaDo guNajudo sattattha veIciraM // 2 lacchI jassa dahIjaNANabharaNe vANI suyaM dhAriNe / sIsa sannaI kAraNe subhamaI dosaM Na saMbhAsaNe / cittaM tava vidhAraNe karajuyaM pUyA - vihI saMdadaM / sojyaM tosau sAhu ettha dhavalo saMNadazro bhUyale || 3 vIllA, jo jainadharmI niSpApa tathA dillI ke bAdazAha hisAra ke agravAla vazI sAhu narapati ke putra sAhu phIrojazAha tugalaka dvArA sammAnita the / dhAdhipa sahajapAla ne, jo sahadeva kA putra thA, jinendramUrti kI pratiSThA karavAI thii| sAhU sahajahAla ke putra ne giranAra kI yAtrA kA sagha bhI calAyA thA, aura usakA saba vyaya bhAra svayaM vahna kiyA thaa| ye saba aitihA sika ullekha mahatvapUrNa hai| aura agravAloM ke liye gauravapUrNa hai / kavi ne prazasti meM kATA saMgha kI bhaTTAraka paramparA kA isa prakAra ullekha kiyA hai-- devamena, vimalasena, dharmasena, bhAvamena, sahasra kIti, guNakIni (ma0 1468 se 140 1 ) yaza. kIrti 148 se 1510, malayakIrti 1500 se 1525, guNabhadra 1520 se 1540 ) / kavi apane se pUrvavartI nimna sAhityakAroM kA ullekha kiyA hai - caumuha, svayaMbhU, puNyadanta zrIra vIra kavi / kavi ne isa grantha se pUrva racI jAnevAlI ina racanAoM kA nAmollekha kiyA hai - pAsaNAhacariu, mehesaracariu, siddhacakka mAhappa, valahaddacariu, sudaMsaNacariu zraura dhaNakumAracariu / sukauzalacariu - me 4 madhiyAM aura 74 kaDavaka hai / pahalI do saMdhiyoM meM kathana kramAdi kI vyavasthA vyakta karate hue tIsarI madhi meM caritra kA citraNa kiyA hai| cauthI sadhi meM caritra kA varNana karate hue uccakoTI kA kAvyamaya varNana kiyA hai / kintu zailI viSayavarNanAtmaka hI hai / kavi ne isa khaNDa-kAvya meM sukauzala kI jIvanagAthA ko prati kiyA hai kathAnaka isa prakAra hai. ikSvAku vaMza meM kIrtidhara nAma ke prasiddha rAjA the / unheM ulkApAta ke dekhane se vairAgya ho gayA thA, ataeva ve sAdhujIvana vyatIta karanA cAhate the / parantu maMtriyoM ke anurodha se putrotpatti ke samaya taka gRhI jIvana vyatIta karane kA nizcaya kiyaa| kaI varSo taka unake koI santAna na huI / unakI rAnI sahadevI eka dina jina mandira gii| vahAM jina darzanAdi kriyA sampanna kara usane eka munirAja se pUchA ki mere putra kaba hogA ? taba sAdhu ne kahA kI tumhAre eka putra avazya hogA, parantu use dekhakara rAjA dIkSA le legA, aura putra bhI digambara sAdhu ko dekhakara sAdhu bana jAyagA / kucha samaya pazcAt rAnI ke putra humrA / rAnI ne putrotpatti ko gupta rakhane kA bahuta prayatna kiyA;

Page #504
470 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 vintu rAjA ko usakA patA cala gayA aura rAjA ne tatkAla hI rAjya kA bhAra putra ko soMpa kara jina dIkSA le lii| rAjA ne putra ke zubha lakSaNo ko dekhakara usakA nAma sukauzala rkkhaa| rAnI ko pati-viyoga kA duHkha asahya thaa| sAtha hI putra ke bhI sAdhu ho jAne kA bhaya use prAtakita kiye hue thA / yuvAvasthA meM usakA vivAha 32 rAja kanyAoM se karadiyA gayA aura bhoga vilAsamaya jIvana vitAne lgaa| use mahala se bAhara jAne kA koI adhikAra na thaa| mAtA sd| isa bAta kA dhyAna rakhatI thI ki putra kahI kisI muni ko na dekha le| ataeva usane nagara meM muniyoM kA pAnA nipiddha kara diyA thaa| eka dina kumAra ke mAmA muni kItidhavala nagara meM Aye, kintu unake sAtha acchA vyavahAra na kiyA gyaa| jaba rAjakumAra ko yaha jJAta hA, to usane rAjya kA parityAga kara unake samIpa hI sAdhu dIkSA lekara tapa kA anapThAna karane lgaa| mAtA sahadevI putra viyoga se atyanta dukhI haI ora pArta pariNAmo se mara kara vyAghrI hii| eka dina usane atyata bhUkhI hone ke kAraNa parvatapara dhyAnastha muni sukauzala ko hI khA liyaa| sukauzala ne samatAbhAva se karma kAlimA naSTa kara svAtmalAbha kiyaa| idhara muni kAtidhavala ne usa vyAghrI ko upadeza diyA, jise sunakara use jAti smaraNa ho gayA, aura anta me usane sanyAsa pUrvaka zarIra chor3A aura svarga prApta kiyA, kIrtidhavala bhI prakSaya pada ko prApta hue / kavine yaha gratha agravAla vazI sAhU pAnA ke putra raNamala ke anurodha se banAyA thaa| kavi ne isa grantha ko vi0 sa0 1466 me mAgha kRSNa dazamI ke dina gvAliyara meM rAjA Dugaramiha ke rAjya meM samApta kiyaa| sAvaya cariu (sammattakauma i) isa grantha meM chaha sadhiyA hai, jiname thAvakAcArakA kathana karate hae samyavatotpAdaka sundara kathAno kA sayojana kiyA hai / gratha kI antima pugpikA meM 'sammatta ka umra kA nAma grantha kAra ne svaya diyA hai : isa siri sAvayarie madasaNa pamUha muddha guNa bharie miri paMdita ra idhu vaNNie siri mahAbhavya seu sAha suya sAhU saMdhAhiva kusarAja aNumaNNie sammatta umuTa nAma chaTTo sadhi paricchegro mmno|" grantha ke Adi meM kavi ne-'taha sAvaya cariu bhaNahumattha' vAkya dvArA thAvakAcAra kahane kA ullekha kiyA hai| isase spapTa hai ki kartA ne grantha ke dono nAma diye hai| yadyapi grantha meM thAvakAcAra kA koI khAsa kathana nahI kiyA, kintu samyaktvotpAdana sundara ATha sthAe akti kI hai| ye kathAeM maskRta kI samyakkhakaumudI me bhI jyoM kI tyo pAI jAtI hai| una meM bhASA-bheda avazya vidyamAna hai| sAha TekkaNi ne isake banAne kI kavi se preraNA kI thii| aura vahI gvAliyara ke golArADAnvadhI seu sAha ke patra vazarAja ko kavi ke samIpa le gayA aura unakA kavi se paricaya kraayaa| ataeva vaha grantha racanA meM praraka hai| paura kAva raidha ne kazarAja kI anumati se grantha kI racanA kI hai| kuzarAja mUlamagha ke anuyAyI the| isaliye kavi ne mUlasagha ke bhaTTAraka padmanandI zubhacandra aura jinacandra kA ullekha kiyA hai| -jaina grantha prazarita0 bhA0 2, pR0 72 1. sirivikAma samayatagali baTTanara dummamavisamakAli / caudaha saya mavakcharada aNNa, chaNNava ahiya puNa jAya puNNa / mAha duji kiNha dahamI diNammi, agagahu rikvi paTiya sa kmmi| 2. mUlamagha ujjoyaNa diNayaru, pAmagadi miri buhayaNa muratara / tAmu paTTigyagattayadhArau sajAyau, muhacadu bhaTArau / pugNa uvaNNu siMhAmaNa maDaNu, micchAvAi vara-maDa-khaDaNa / jiga mAmagA kAraNaraNa pacANagaga gAdisagha padiya tava mAgagaga / sadda babharayagoha payogi hi, divyavAriNa uppAiya jagadihi / sarasai gacche gaccha satyAhi u, bAla baMbhayAge saja sAhiu / siri jiNaca bhaDArau mugavai, tahu paya-payaruha vadivi kivi| -sAvayacariu prshsti|

Page #505
471 15vIM, 16vIM, 17vIM, bhaura 18vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi kuzarAja gvAliyara ke nivAsI the / unhoMne rAjA DugarasiMha ke putra kIrtisiMha ke rAjyakAla meM dhvajAroM se alaMkRta jinamaMdira kA nirmANa kiyA thA vaha lobha rahita aura para nArI se parAGmukha thA / duHkhI daridrIjanoM kA sapoSaka thaa| ukta sAvayacariu (samyaktvakaumudI) usI kI anumati se racAgayA thA / iso se pratyeka saMdhi puSpikA vAkya meM-"saMghAhivai kasarAja aNamaNNie' vAkya ke sAtha ullekha kiyA gayA haiN| isase sAvayacariu kI racanA saM0 1510 ke bAda huI jAna par3atI haiM, kyoki kItisiha saM0 1510 ke bAda gaddI para baiThA thaa| ___ 'pAsaNAhapurANa yA pAsaNAhacariu' meM 7 sandhiyA~ aura 136 ke lagabhaga kaDavaka haiM, jinameM jainiyoM ke tevIsaveM tIrthakara bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kA jIvana-paricaya diyA hayA hai| pArzvanAtha ke jIvana-paricaya ko vyakta karane vAle aneka graMtha prAkRta, saMskRta aura apabhra za bhASA meM tathA hindI meM likhe gaye haiN| parantu unase isameM koI khAsa vizeSatA jJAta nahI hotii| isa grantha kI racanA jo pura (dillI) ke nivAsI sAha kheU yA khemacanda kI preraNA se kI gaI hai inakA vaMza agravAla aura gotra eDila thaa| memacaMda ke pitA kA nAma pajaNa sAhu, aura mAtA kA nAma bIlhAdevI thA kintu dharmapatnI kA nAma dhanadevI thA usame cAra putra utpanna hA the, sahamarAja, paharAja, raghapati, aura, holivamma / inameM sahamarAja ne giranAra kI yAtrA kA maMgha calAyA thaa| mAha memacanda sapta vyasana rahita aura devazAstra gura ke bhakta the| prazasti meM unake parivAra kA vistRta paricaya diyA huA hai| ataeva ukta gratha unhI ke nAmAMkita kiyA gayA hai / grantha kI pAdyanta pragasti vaDhI hI mahatvapUrNa hai, usase tAtkAlika gvAliyara kI sAmAjika dhAmika, rAjanaitika paristhitiyoM kA yatheSTa paricaya mila jAtA hai| aura usame yaha spaSTa jAna par3atA hai ki usa samaya gvAliyara meM jaina samAja kA naitika stara bahata UMcA thA, aura ve apane kartavya pAlana ke sAtha-sAtha ahimA, paropakAra aura dayAlutA kA jIvana meM prAcaraNa karanA zreSTha mAnate the| grantha bana jAne para sAhU khemacanda ne kavi raidha ko dvIpAtara se Aye hue vividha vastroM aura prAbharaNAdika se sammAnita kiyA thA, aura icchita dAna dekara maMtRpTa kiyA thaa| 'balahaddacariu' (paumatrariu) meM 11 saMdhiyA~ aura 240 kaDavaka haiM jinameM balabhadra, (rAmacandra), lakSmaNa aura sItA Adi kI jIvanagAthA aMkita kI gaI hai, jisakI zloka saMkhyA sAr3he tIna hajAra ke lagabhaga hai| grantha kA kathAnaka bar3A hI rocaka aura hRdayasparzI hai| yaha 15vI zatAbdI kI jaina rAmAyaNa hai| gratha kI zailI sIdhI aura sarala hai, usameM zabdADambara ko koI sthAna nahIM diyA gayA, parantu prasagavaza kAvyocita varNanoM kA sarvathA abhAva bhI nahIM hai / rAma kI kathA bar3I lokapriya rahI hai / isase isa para prAkRta saMskRta, apabhraMza aura hindI meM aneka gratha vividha kaviyoM dvArA likhe gae haiN| yaha grantha bhI agravAlavazI sAhu bATU ke suputra harasI sAhu kI preraNA evaM anugraha me banAyA gayA hai / sAha harasI jina zAsana ke bhakta aura kaSAyoM ko kSINa karane vAle the| Agama aura purANa-granthoM ke paThana-pAThana meM samartha, jina pUjA aura supAtradAna meM tatpara, tathA rAtri aura dina meM kAyotsarga meM sthita hokara Atma-dhyAna dvArA sva-para ke bheda-vijJAna kA anubhava karane vAle, tathA tapazcaraNa dvArA zarIra ko kSINa karane vAle dharmaniSTha vyakti the| AtmavikAsa karanA unakA lakSya thaa| grantha kI Adya prazasti meM harasI sAhU ke kuTumba kA pUrA paricaya diyA huA hai| grantha meM racanAkAla diyA huA nahIM hai| _ 'mehesaracariu' meM 23 saMdhiyA~ aura 304 kaDavaka haiN| jinameM bharata cakravartI ke senApati jayakumAra aura unakI dharmapatnI sulocanA ke caritra kA sundara citraNa kiyA gayA hai| jayakumAra aura sulocanA kA carita bar3A hI, pAvana rahA hai / grantha kI dvitIya-tRtIya saMdhiyoM meM prAdi brahmA-RSabhadeva kA gRhatyAga, tapazcaraNa aura kevalajJAna kI prApti, bharata kI digvijaya, bharata bAhubali yuddha, vA hubali kA tapazcaraNa aura kaivalya prApti Adi kA kathana diyA huA hai / chaThavIM sandhi ke 23 kaDavakoM meM sulocanAkA svayambara, senApati meghazvara (jayakumAra) kA bharata cakravartIke putra arkakItike sAtha yuddha karane kA varNana kiyA hai / 7vI sandhi meM sulocanA aura meghezvara ke vivAha kA kathana diyA huA hai / aura 8vI se 13vIM saMdhi taka kubera mitra, hiraNyagarbha kA pUrva bhava varNana tathA bhIma bhaTTAraka kA nirvANa gamana, zrIpAla cakravartI kA haraNa aura mokSa gamana, evaM meghezvara kA tapazcaraNa, nirvANa gamana Adi kA

Page #506
472 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 sundara kathana diyA hayA hai| grantha kAvya-kalA kI dRSTi se uccakoTi kA hai| grandha meM kavi ne duvaI, gAhA, cAmara, pattA, paddhaDiyA, samAnikA aura mattagayaMda Adi chandoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| rasoM meM zRgAra, vIra, bIbhatsa aura zAnta rasa kA, tathA rUpaka upamA aura utprekSA Adi alaMkAroM kI bhI yojanA kI gaI hai| isa kAraNa grantha sarasa aura paThanIya bana gayA hai| kavi ne grantha meM apane se pUrvavartI nimna kaviyoM aura unakI kRtiyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| kavi cakravartI dhIrasena, devanandI apara nAma pUjyapAda (IsvI san 475 se 525 I0) jainendra vyAkaraNa, vajramena aura unakA par3adarzana pramANa nAma kA jaina nyAya grantha kA, ravipeNa (vi0 saM0734) tathA unakA padmacarita, punnATamaMghI jinasena (vi0 saM0840) aura unakA harivaMza, mahAkavi svayabhU, catumakha tathA puSpadanta, devamena kA mahesa racariu (jayakumArasulocanA carita) dinakarasena kA anaMgacarita / grantha kI pAdyanta prazastiyoM meM grantha racanA meM preraka gvAliyara nagara ke seTha agravAla kalAvataMza sAha kheU yA vesiha ke parivAra kA vistata paricaya diyA hayA hai| aura grantha kI pratyeka sandhi ke prArambha meM kavi ne saMskRta zloko meM prAzrayadAtA ukta sAha kI maMgala kAmanA kI hai| dvitIya saMdhi ke prArambha kA nimna padya dRSTavya hai| tIrthezo vaSabhezvaro gaNanuto gaurIzvaro zaMkaro, prAdIzo hariNaMcito gaNapatiH zrImAnyugAdiprabha / nAbheyo zivavAddhivardhana zaziH kaivalyabhAbhAsaraH, kSemAkhyasya guNAMnvitasya sumateH kuryAcchivaM so jinaH / / meM RSabhadeva ke jo vizeSaNa prayukta hae haiM ve jahA~ unakI prAcInatA ke dyotaka haiM, vahA~ ve Rpabhadeva aura ziva kI sAdRzyatA kI jhAMkI bhI prastuta karate hai / grantha sundara hai aura ise prakAza meM lAnA caahiye| riTThaNemicariu' yA 'harivaMza purANa' grantha meM 14 sandhiyA~ aura 302 kaDavaka haiM tathA 1600 ke lagabhaga padya hoMge, jinameM Rpabha carita, harivaMzotpatti, vasudeva aura unakA pUrvabhava kathAnaka, bandhu-bAndhavAM se milApa, kasa balabhadra aura nArAyaNa ke bhavoM kA varNana, nArAyaNa janma, kaMsavadha, pANDavoM kA jue meM hAranA dropadI kA cIra harana, pANDavoM kA ajJAtavAsa, pradyamna ko vidyA prApti aura zrIkRSNa se milApa, jarAsaMdha vadha, kRSNa kA rAjyAdi sukhabhoga neminAtha kA janma, bAlyakrIDA yauvana, vivAhameM vairAgya, dIkSA tathA tapazcaraNa kevalajJAna aora nirvANa prApti Adi kA kathana diyA hai| grantha meM jainiyoM ke bAIsaveM tIrthakara bhagavAna neminAtha ko jIvana-ghaTanAoM kA paricaya diyA huyA hai / neminAtha yaduvaMzI kSatrI the aura the kRSNa ke cacere bhAI / unhoMne pazuproM ke vadhana khulavAe aora saMsAra ko asAratA ko dekha, vairAgI ho tapazcaraNa dvArA prAtma-zodhana kiyA, sarvajJa aura sarvadarzI bane, aura jagata ko Atmahita karane kA mundaratama mArga batalAyA / unakA nirvANa sthAna Urjayanta giri yA raivagiri hai jo Aja bhI neminAtha ke atIta jIvana kI jhAMko ko prastuta karatA hai| tIrthakara nemikumAra kI tapazcaryA aura caraNa raja se vaha kevala pAvana hI nahIM huA, kintu usakI mahattA loka meM Aja bhI maujUda hai| isa grantha kI racanA yoginIpura (dillI) se uttara kI ora vase hue kisI nikaTavartI nagara kA nAma thA jo pATha kI azuddhi ke kAraNa jJAta nahIM ho sakA / grantha kI racanA usa nagara ke nivAsI goyala gotrIya agravAla vaMzI mahAbhavya sAhu lAhA ke putra saMghAdhipa sAhu loNA kI preraNA se huI hai / grantha kI Adyanta prazastiyoM meM sAha loNA ke parivAra kA saMkSipta paricaya karAyA gayA hai| kavi ne grantha meM apane se pUrvavartI vidvAnoM aura unake kucha granthoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, devanandi (pUjyapAda) jainendra vyAkaraNa, jinasena (mahApurANa) raviSeNa (jaina rAmAyaNa-padmacarita) kamalakIti aura unake paTTadhara zubhacandra kA nAmollekha hai| jinakA paTTAbhiSeka kanakagiri vartamAna sonAgiri meM meM huA thA / sAtha hI kavi 1. kamala kitti utama khamadhArau, bhavvaha-bhava-aMboriNahi-tArau / tassa paTTa karaNayaTThi parichiu, siri-suhacaMda mu-tv-ukkNtttthiu|| harivaMza pu0pra0

Page #507
15vIM 16vIM 10vIM aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi 473 ne apane riTThamicariu se pahale banAI huI apanI nimna racanAoM ke bhI nAma diye hue haiN| mahApurANa, bharata menApati carita ( meghezvara carita) jasaharacariu ( yazodharacarita) vittasAra, jIvaMdhara cariu aura pAsacariu kA nAmollekha kiyA hai / grantha meM racanAkAla nahIM diyA, isalie yaha nizcita batalAnA to kaThina hai ki yaha grantha kaba banA ? phira bhI anya sUtroM se yaha anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki prastuta grantha vikrama kI 15vIM zatAbdI ke antima caraNa yA 16vIM ke prathama caraNa me racA gayA hai / prastuta 'dhaNakumAra cariu meM cAra sandhiyAM aura 74 kaDavaka haiN| jinakI zloka saMkhyA 800 zlokoM ke lagabhaga hai jinameM dhanakumAra kI jIvana-gAthA aMkita kI gaI hai| prastuta grantha ko racanA prArauna jilA gvAliyara nivAsI jaisavAla vaMzI sAhu puNyapAla ke putra sAhu bhullaNa kI preraNA evaM anurodha se huI hai| ataeva ukta grantha unhIM ke nAmAMkita kiyA gayA hai / grantha kI Adya prazasti meM sAhu bhullaNa ke parivAra kA vistRta paricaya karAyA gayA hai / isa grantha kI racanA kaba huI ? yaha granthaprazasti para se kucha jJAta nahIM hotA; kyoMki usameM racanA kAla diyA huA nahIM hai / kintu prazasti meM isa grantha ke pUrvavartI race hue granthoM ke nAmoM meM 'NaMmijiNida cariu (harivaMza (purANa) kA bhI ullekha hai isase spaSTa hai ki yaha grantha usake bAda banAyA gayA hai / 'jasahara cariu' meM 4 sandhiyA aura 104 kaDavaka haiM jinakI zloka saMkhyA 677 ke lagabhaga hai / grantha meM yodheya dezake rAjA yazodhara ra candramatI kA jIvana paricaya diyA huA hai / grantha kA kathAnaka sundara aura hRdayagrAhI hai aura vaha jova dayA kI pApaka vArtAnoM se ota-prota hai / yadyapi rAjA yazodhara ke sambaMdha meM saMskRtabhASA meM aneka carita grantha likhe gae haiM jinameM AcArya somadeva kA 'yazastilaka campU' sabase uccakoTi kA kAvya-grantha hai parantu apabhraMza bhASA kA yaha dUsaro racanA hai prathama grantha mahAkavi puSpadanta kA hai / yadyapi bha0 amarakIrti ne bhI 'jasahara cariu' nAma kA grantha likhA thA; paraMtu vaha abhI taka anupalabdha hai / ai0 pa0 sarasvatI bhavana vyAvara meM isakI sacitra prati vidyamAna hai / isa grantha kI racanA bhaTTAraka kamalakIrti ke anurodha se tathA yoginIpura (dillI) nivAsI agravAla vaMzI sAhu kamalasiMha ke putra sAhu hemarAja ko preraNA se huI hai / ataeva grantha unhIM ke nAma kiyA gayA hai| ukta sAhu parivAra ne giranAra jI ko tIrthayAtrA kA saMgha calAyA thA / grantha kI Adyanta prazasti meM sAhu kamalasiMha ke parivAra kA vistRta paricaya karAyA gayA hai / kavi ne yaha grantha lAhar3apura ke jodhA sAhU ke vihAra meM baMTakara banAyA hai, aura use svayaM 'dayArasabhara guNapavitaM ' - pavitra dayArUpI rasa se bharA huA batalAyA hai / 'aNathamI kahA' meM rAtribhojana ke doSoM aura usase hone vAlI vyAdhiyoM kA ullekha karate hue likhA hai| ki do ghar3I dina ke rahane para zrAvaka loga bhojana kareM; kyoMki sUrya ke teja kA maMda udaya rahanepara hRdaya kamala sakucita hA jAtA hai ataH rAtri bhojanake tyAga kA vidhAna dhArmika tathA zArIrika svAsthya kI dRSTi se kiyA gayA hai| jaisA ki usake nimna do padyoM se prakaTa hai : " ji roya daladdiya dINa praNAha, ji kuTTha-galiya kara karaNa savAha / duhagga ji pariyaNu baggu praNeha, su-rayaNihi bhoyaNa phalu ji muNehu / ghar3I dui vAsaru thakkai jAma, subhoyaNa sAvaya bhuMjahi tAma / divAyaru teja ji maMdau hoi, sakuccara cittahu kamalu jiba soi / " kathA racane kA uddezya bhojana sambandho asaMyama se rakSA karanA hai, jisase grAtmA dhArmika maryAdAoM kA pAlana karate hue zarIra ko svastha banAye rakhe / 'siddhAMtArthasAra' kA viSaya bhI saiddhAMtika hai aura mapabhraMza ke gAthA chaMda meM racA gayA hai| isameM samyagdarzana jIva svarUpa, guNasthAna, vrata, samiti, iMdriya nirodha Adi prAvazyaka kriyAoM kA svarUpa, aTThAIsa mUlaguNa, praSTakarma dvAdazAMgata, labdhisvarUpa, dvAdazAnuprakSA dazalakSaNadharma aura dhyAnoM ke svarUpa kA kathana diyA gayA hai| isa grantha kI racanA vaNikavara zreSThI khemasI sAhu yA sADDu khemacandra ke nimitta kI gaI hai / parantu kheda hai ki upalabdha grantha

Page #508
474 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 kA aMtima bhAga khaMDita hai / lekhaka ne kucha jagaha chor3akara lipi puSpikA kI pratilipi kara dI hai / grantha ke zurU meM kavi ne likhA hai ki yadi maiM ukta sabhI viSayoM ke kathana meM skhalita ho jAUM to chala grahaNa nahIM karanA caahie| yaha grantha bhI tomara vaMzI rAjA kItisiha ke rAjya meM racA gayA hai| 'vattasAra' meM chaha sarga yA aMka (adhyAya) haiN| grantha kA antima patra truTita hai jisameM granthakAra kI prazasti ullikhita hogii| yaha grantha apabhraMza ke gAthA chaMda meM racA gayA hai, jinakI saMkhyA 750 hai| bIca bIca meM saMskRta ke gadaya-padayamaya vAkya bhI granthAMtaroM se pramANa svarUpa meM uddhRta kiye gaye hai| prathama adhikAra meM samyagdarzana kA sandara vivecana hai, aura dUsare adhikAra meM mithyAtvAdi chaha guNagthAnoM kA svarUpa nidiSTa kiyA hai| tIsare adhikAra meM zeSa guNa-sthAnoM kA aura karmasvarUpa kA varNana hai| cauthe adhikAra meM bAraha bhAvanAmoM kA kathana diyA hayA hai| pA~caveM aMka meM dazalakSaNa dharma kA nirdeza hai aura chaThaveM adhyAya meM dhyAna kI vidhi aura svarUpAdi kA sundara vivecana kiyA gayA hai| grantha sampAdita hokara hindI anuvAda ke sAtha prakAza meM pAne vAlA hai| pRNNAma va kahA koza' meM 13 maMdhiyAM dI huI hai jinameM puNya kA Asrava karane vAlI sundara kathAoM kA saMkalana kiyA gayA hai / prathama sandhi meM mamyaktva ke dopoM kA varNana hai, jinheM samyaktvI ko TAlane kI pregNA kI gaI hai| dUsarI saMdhi meM mamyaktva ke nimnAMkitAdi ATa guNoM kA svarUpa nidiSTa karate hae unameM prasiddha hone vAle aMjana cora kA cittAkarSaka kathAnaka diyA hayA hai tIsarI maMdhi meM nikAMkSita aura nivicikitmA ina do ago meM prasiddha hota vAle anantamatI aura uditodaya gajA kI kathA dI gii| cothI maMdhi meM pramuDhApiTa prora sthitikaraNa aga meM revatI rAnI aura zreNika gajA ke putra vAripeNa kA kathAnaka diyA hayA hai| pAMcavI mandhi meM upagahana aMga kA kathana karate hae usameM prasiddha jinabhakta meTha kI kathA dI huI hai| mAtavI sandhi meM prabhAvanA aga kA kathana diyA hayA hai| pAThavIM saMdhi meM pUjA kA phala, navamI sadhi meM paMnanamaskAra matra kA phala, dazavI dhi meM Agamabhakti kA phala pAra gyArahavI saMdhi meM matI sItA ke zIla kA varNana diyA huA hai| bAharavI sandhi meM upavAsa kA phala ora 13vI madhi meM pAtradAna ke phala kA varNana kiyA hai / isa taraha grantha kI ye saba kathAya baDI hI rocaka aura zikSAprada hai| isa grantha kA nirmANa agravAla kulAvataMsa sAha nemidAsa kI preraNA eva anurodha se huA hai aura yaha grantha unhI ke nAmAkita kiyA hai| grantha kI pAdyanta prazastiyoM meM nemidAsa aura unake kuTumba kA vistRta paricaya diyA huA hai / aura batalAyA hai ki sAhu nemidAsa joiNipura (dillI) ke nivAsI the aura sAhu tosau ke cAra putroM meM meM prathama the / nemidAma zrAvaka bAto ke pratipAlaka, zAstrasvAdhyAya, pAtradAna, dayA aura parApakAra Adi mana kAryo me pravatti karate the / unakA citta mamadAra thA ora loka meM unakI dhArmikatA aura sujanatA kA mahaja hI AbhAsa ho jAtA hai, aura unake dvArA agaNita mUrtiyoM ke nirmANa karAye jAne, mandira banavAne aura pratiSThiAdi mahotsava sampanna karane kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai / sAhu nemidAsa candravADa ke rAjA pratAparudra se sammAnita the / ve sambhavata: uma samaya dillI me candravAi cale gae the, aura vahAM hI nivAsa karane lage the unake anya kaTambI jana usa samaya dillI meM hI raha rahe the gajA pratAparudra cauhAna vagI rAjA rAmacadra ke putra the, jinakA rAjya vikrama saM0 1468 meM vahA vidayamAna thA / grantha meM usakA racanAkAla diyA huA nahI hai, parantu usakI racanA pandrahavIM - - - - - - -- -- -- - 1. Niva payAvarudda sammANiu-puNyAmava prshsti| 2. candavADa ke sambandha meM lekhaka kA svatantra legya dekhie / saM0 1468 meM rAjA rAmacandra ke rAjya me candrabADa meM amarakIti ke paTa karmopadeza kI pratilipi kI gaI thI, jo aba nAgaura ke bhaTAgvIya zAstra bhaDAra me sarakSita hai| yathAatha mavatsara 1468 varSe jyeSTha kRpaNa paMcadazyAM zukravAsare zrImaccandrapATa nagare mahArAjAdhirAja zrIrAma canda devarAjye / tatra zrI kuMdakuMdAcAryAnvaye zrI mUlamaMgha gUjaragoSThi tihuyanagiriyA sAhu zrI jagasIhA bhAryAH somA tayoH putrAH (catyAgaH) prathama udesIha (dvitIya) ajaisIhi tRtIya paharAja caturtha khAhmadeva / jyeSTha putra udesIha bhAryA rato, tasya trayoH patrAH, jyeSTha pUtra delhA dvitIya rAma tRtIya bhIkhama jyeSTha putra delhA bhAryA hiro (tayoH) putrAH dvayo: jyeSTha patra hAlU dvitIya putra arjuna jJAnAvaraNI karma kSayArtha idaM SaTkarmopadeza likhApitaM / / " bhagnapaSThi kaTigrIvA sacca dRSTi ragho mukhaM / kaSTena likhitaM zAstraM yatnena paripAlayet // -nAgaura bhaMDAra

Page #509
475 15vI, 16, 17vI aura 18vI zatAbdI ke AcArya bhaTTAraka aura kavi zatAbdI ke aMtima caraNa meM huI jAna par3atI hai / kyoki usake bAda muslima zAsakoM ke hamalo se candavADa kI zrI sampannatA ko bhArI kSati pahucI thI / kavi ne grantha kI pratyeka sadhi ke prArambha meM grantha racanA me praraka sAhu nemidAsa kA jayaghoSa karate hue maMgala kAmanA kI hai| jaisA ki usake nimnapadyA sa prakaTa hai pratAparudranRparAja vizrutastrikAladevAcaM navaM citA zubhA / noktazAstrAmRtapAnazuddhadhIH ciraM kSito nandatu nemidAsaH || 3 satkavi guNAnurAgI zreyAMnniva pAtradAnavidhidakSaH / tosau kulanabhacandro nandatu nityeva nemidAsAkhyaH || 4 | prakAzita hai, use prakAza meM lAnA grAvazyaka hai / grantha abhI taka 'jIvadhara cariu' meM teraha sadhiyA dI huI hai| prastuta grantha meM darzanavizuddhayAdi poDAkAraNa bhAvanAoM kA phala varNana kiyA gayA hai / unakA phala prApta karane vAne jIvavara tIrthakara kI rocaka kathA dI gaI hai| prastuta jAvadhara svAmI pUrva videha kSetra ke amarAvatI deza meM sthita gadharvarAu (rAja) nagara ke rAjA sImavara bAra unakI paTTa mahipI mahAdevI ke putra the / inhoMne darzanavizuddhayAdi poDaza kAraNa bhAvanAoM kA bhaktibhAva se citana kiyA thA, jisake phalasvarUpa ve dharma-tIrtha ke pravartaka tIrthakara hue| grantha kA kathA bhAga bar3A hI sundara hai / parantu graMtha prati atyaMta azuddharUpa meM pratilipi kI gaI hai jAna par3atA hai / pratilipikAra purAnI lipi kA abhyAsAM nahIM thA / pratilipi karavA kara punaH jAca bhI nahI kI gaI / isa graMtha kA nirmANa karAne vAle sAhu kunthadAsa, jo sambhavata gvAliyara ke nivAsA the / kavi ne isa granthako ukta sAhuko zravaNa bhUSaNa' prakaTa kiyA hai| sAtha hI unha prAcArya caraNa savI, rApta vyasana rahita, tyAgI dhavalakIti vAlA, zAstroM ke artha ko niratara avadhAraNa karanevAlA aura zubha mato batalAte hue unha sAhu hemarAja aura mIlhA devI kA putra batalAyA gayA hai / kavi ne unake ciraMjAva hone kA kAmanA bhI kI hai jasA ki dvitIya si ke prathama padma se jJAta hotA hai / 'jo bhatto sUripAe visagasagasayA ji viratA sa eyo / jo cAI putta dANe sasipaha dhavalI kitti valliku tejo| jo nityo satya-pratthe visaya suhamaI hemarAyarasa tAmro / so molhI aMga jAo 'bhavadu iha dhuvaM kuMthuyAmo virAmrI / ' 'siripAlacariu' yA siddhacatra vidhi' meM daza sadhiyA~ dI huI haiM, zrAra jinakI prAnumAnika loka sakhyA do hajAra do so batalAI hai| isame campApura ke rAjA zrIpAla aura unake sabhI sAthiyA kA siddhacakravrata (zraSTAhnikA vrata) ke prabhAva me kuSTha roga dUra ho jAne prAdi kI kathA kA citraNa kiyA gayA hai aura siddha vrata kA mAhAtmya sthApita karate hue usake anuSThAna kI preraNA kI gaI hai / grantha kA kathA bhAga bar3A hI gundara yAra cittAkarSaka hai / bhASA sarala tathA subodha he / yadyapi zrIpAla ke jIvana paricaya aura siddhacakravrata ke mahatva ko citrita karane vAle saMskRta, hiMdI gujarAtI bhASA meM aneka grantha likhe gae haiM / paraMtu apabhraMza bhASA kA yaha dUsarA grantha hai / prathama grantha paMDita naragena kA hai / prastuta grantha gvAliyara nivAsI agravAla vaMzI sAhu bATU ke caturtha putra harisI sAhu ke anurodha se banAyA hai kavi ne prazasti meM unake kuTumba kA saMkSipta paricaya bhI akita kiyA hai / kavi ne grantha kI pratyeka sadhiyoM ke prArambha meM saMskRta padyoM meM grantha nirmANa meM preraka ukta sAhu kA yazogAna karate hue unakI maMgala kAmanA kI hai| jaisA ki 7vIM saMdhi ke nimna padya se prakaTa hai / yaH satyaM vadati vratAni kurute zAstraM paThantyAdarAt mohaM muJcati gacchati sva samayaM dhatte nirIhaM padaM /

Page #510
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 pApaM lumpati pAti jIvanivahaM dhyAnaM samAlambate / so'yaM naMdatu sAdhureva haraSI puSNAti dharma sdaa| -siddhacakra vidhi (zrIpAlaca0 saMdhi 7) kavi kI anya kRtiyA~ : ina granthoM ke atirikta kavi kI 'daza lakSaNa jayamAlA' pora 'SoDazakAraNa jayamAlA' ye donoM pUjA grantha bhI mudrita ho cuke haiN| inake sivAya paJjuNNa cariu, sudasaNacariu, karakaNDucariu ye tInoM granya abhI anupalabdha haiM / inakA anveSaNakArya cAlU hai / / 'so'haM thudi' nAma kI eka choTI-sI racanA bhI anekAta meM prakAzita ho cukI hai| abhI abhI sUcanA prApta huI hai ki raidhU kavi kA tisaTThi purisa guNAlaMkAra (mahApurANa) grantha bArAbakI ke zAstra-bhaNDAra se paM0 kailAzacandra si0 zA0 ko prApta huA hai, jisakI patra saMkhyA 465 hai, 50 sadhiyA~, 1357 kadavaka hai / yaha prati sa0 1466 kI likhI huI hai| kavi raidha ne apane se pUrvavartI kaviyoM kA apanI racanAyo meM sasammAna ullekha kiyA hai| unake nAma isa prakAra hai-1 devanandI (pUjyapAda) 2 raviSeNa 3 ca umuha 4 droNa 5 svayabhUdeva, 6 vajrasena, 7 punnATa saghI jinasena 8 puSpadanta ha aura dinakara sena kA anaMga crit| inameM se adhikAMza kaviyoM kA paricaya isI gratha meM manyatra diyA huA hai| kavi haricanda kavi haricanda kA vaMza agravAla hai| pitA kA nAma jaMDU aura mAtA kA nAma volhAdevI thaa| kavi ne apane guru kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyaa| kavi kI eka mAtra racanA 'aNatthamiya kahA hai| prastuta kathA meM 16 kaDavaka diye hae hai, jinameM rAtri bhojana se hone vAlI hAniyoM ko dikhalAte hue usakA tyAga karane kI preraNA ko gaI hai aura batalAyA hai ki jisa taraha andhA manuSya grAsakI zuddhi azuddhi sundaratA Adi kA avalokana nahI kara sktaa| usI prakAra mUrya ke prasta ho jAne para rAtri meM bhojana karane vAle logoM se kIr3I, patagA, jhIgura, ciuTo, DAsa macchara Adi sUkSma aura sthUla jIvoM kI rakSA nahIM ho sktii| bijalI kA prakAza bhI unheM rAkane meM samartha nahI hA sktaa| rAtri meM bhojana karane se bhojana meM una viSaile jIvoM ke peTa meM cale jAne se aneka taraha ke roga ho jAte hai, uname zArIrika svAsthya ko baDI hAni uThAnI par3atI hai| prataH dhArmika dRSTi aura svAsthya kA dapTi se rAtri meM bhojana kA parityAga karanA ho zreyaskara hai jaisA ki kavi ke nimna padya se spaSTa hai: jihi diSTra Naya saraha pradhujema, nahi gAsa-sUddhi bhaNa hoya kema kimi-koDa-payaMgai jhigurAi pippIlaI DaMsaI mcchiraaii| khajjUraI kaNNasalAiyAiM pravarai jIvaI je bahu syaaii| aNNANI Nisi bhuMjaMtaeNa, pasu sarisu pariu appANu teNa // pattA- javAli vidINaukari ujjovau ahiu jIu saMbhavaI praa| bhamarAI payaMgaI bahuviha bhaMgaI maMDiya dosaI jitthu dharA // 5 // kavi ne grantha meM racanAkAla nahIM diyaa| parantu racanA para se vaha racanA 15vI zatAbdI ko jAna par3atI hai| bha0 padmanandI muni padmanandI bhaTTAraka prabhAcandra ke paTTadhara vidvAna the / vizuddha siddhAntaratnAkara aura pratibhA dvArA pratiSThA ko prApta hue the| unake zuddha hRdaya meM prabheda bhAva se prAliGgana karatI huI jJAna rUpI haMsI AnandapUrvaka 1. vizeSa paricaya ke lie dekhie, anekAnta varSa : kiraNa 6 meM prakAzita mahAkavi ra idhU nAma kA lekha / tathA varNI abhinandana grantha 10368 / 2. bhImaprabhAcamda munIndra paTTa, zazvata pratiSThA prtibhaagrisstthH| vizuddhasiddhAnta rahasyaralaratnAkarAnandatu papamandI // -zubhacanda paTTAvalI

Page #511
15vI 12vIM 11iiN aura 18vIM zAdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi 477 krIr3A karatI thI ve syAdvAda sindhu rUpa amRta ke vardhaka the| unhoMne jinadokSA dhAraNa kara jinavANo aura pRthvI ko pavitra kiyA thaa| mahAvratI purandara tathA zAnti se rAgAMkura dagdha karane vAle ve paramahaMsa nirgrantha, puruSArtha zAlo, prazeSa zAstrajJa sarvahita parAyaNa munizreSTa padmanandI jayavanta rheN|' ina vizeSaNoM se padmanandI kI mahattA kA sahaja hI bodha ho jAtA hai| inakI jAti brAhmaNa thii| eka bAra pratiSThA mahotsava ke samaya vyavasthApaka gRhastha kI avidyamAnatA meM prabhAcandra ne usa utsava ko paTTAbhiSeka kA rUpa dekara padmanandI ko apane paTTa para pratiSThina kiyA thaa| inake paTTa para pratiSThita hone kA samaya paTTAvalI meM saM0 1385 pauSa zuklA saptamI banalAyA gayA hai| ve usa paTaTa para saMvat 1473 taka to AsIna rahe hI haiN| isake atirikta aura kitane samaya taka rahe, yaha kucha jJAta nahIM huA, aura na yaha hI jJAta ho sakA ki unakA svargavAsa kahAM aura kaba huaA hai ? kucha vidvAnoM kI yaha mAnyatA hai ki padmanandI bhaTTAraka pada para sa0 1465 taka rahe haiM / isa sambandha meM unhoMne koI puSTa pramANa to nahIM diyA, kintu unakA kevala vaisA anumAna mAtra hai aora yaha bhI saMbhava hai ki paTaTa para zubhacandra ko pratiSThita kara pratiSThAdi kArya sampanna kiye ho kucha samaya aura apane jIvana se bhUmahala ko alakRta karate rahe hoN| ata: isa mAnyatA meM koI prAmANikatA nahIM jAna pdd'tii| kyoMki savat 1473 ko padmakIti racita pArzvanAtha carita kI prazasti se spaSTa jAnA jAtA hai ki padmanandI usa samaya taka paTTa para virAjamAna the, jaisA ki prazasti ke nimna vAkya se prakaTa hai "kundakundAcAryAnvaye bha0 zrI ratnakoti devAsteSAM paTTe bhaTTAraka zrI prabhAcandra devA tatpaTTe bha0 strI padma nandi devAsteSAM paTTe pravartamAne-' (mudrita pArzvanAtha carita prazasti) isase yaha bhI jJAta hotA hai ki padmanandI dIrghajIvI the| paTTAvalI meM unakI Ayu ninyAnave varSa aThThAIsa dina kI batalAI gaI hai aura paTTakAla paisaTha varSa pATha dina batalAyA hai| yahA~ itanA aura prakaTa kara denA ucita jAna par3atA hai ki vi0 saM0 1476 meM asavAla kavi dvArA racita 'pAsaNAhacariu' meM padmanandI ke paTTa para pratiSThita hone vAle bha0 zubhacandra kA ullekha nimna vAkyoM meM kiyA hai"taho paTTavara sasiNAmeM suhasasi maNi payapaMkayacaMda ho|" cUMki saM0 1474 meM padmanandI dvArA pratiSThita mUrti lekha upalabdha hai, ataH usase spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki padmanandI ne saM0 1474 ke bAda aura saM01476 se pUrva kisI samaya zubhacandra ko apane pada para pratiSThita kiyA thaa| kavi asavAla ne kuzAta deza ke karahala nagara meM saM0 1471 meM hone vAle pratiSThotsava kA ullekha kiyA hai| aura padmanandI ke ziSya kavi halla yA jayamitra halla dvArA racita 'malliNAha' kAvya kI prazasA kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| ukta grantha bha0 padmanandI ke pada para pratiSThita rahate hue unake ziSya dvArA racA gayA thaa| kavi haricanda ne apanA vardhamAna kAvya bhI lagabhaga usI samaya racA thaa| isI se usameM kavi ne unakA khulA yazogAna kiyA hai:'padmaNaMdi muNiNAha gaNidahu, caraNa saraNa guru kA hariiMbahu' -(vardhamAna kAvya) Apake aneka ziSya the, jinheM padmanandI ne svayaM zikSA dekara vidvAna banAyA thaa| bha0 zubhacanda, to unake 1. haMsojAnamarAlikA samasamA zleSaprabhUtAdbhutA / nandaM krIDati mAnameti vizade yasyAniza savvaMtaH / / syAdvAdAmRtasindhuvardhanavidhI shriimprbhenduprbhaaH| paTTe sUri matallikA sa jayatAt zrIpagranandI muniH / / mahAvrata purandaraH prazmadagdha rogAGkuraH / sphuratparamapauruSaH sthitirazeSazAstrArthavit yazobhara manoharIkRta samastavizvambharaH / paropakRti tatparo jayati papanandIzvaraH // - zubhacandra paTTAvalI

Page #512
478 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 paTTadhara ziSya the hI, kintu Apake anya tIna ziSyo se bhaTTAraka padI kI tIna paramparAe prArambha huI thI jinakA Age zAkhA-prazAkhA rUpa meM vistAra huA hai / bhaTTAraka zubhacanda dillI paramparA ke vidvAna the / inaka dvArA 'siddhacakra' ko kathA racI gaI hai| jise unhoMne samyagdapTi jAlAka ke liye banAI thii| bha0 sakalakAti sa IDara ko gaddI ra devendrakIti se marata kI gahI kI sthApanA huI thii| caki padmanandI malasagha ke vidvAna the ataH inakI paramparA sa mala magha kI paramparA kA vistAra hmaa| padmanandI apana samaya ke acche vihAna, vicAraka prAra prabhAvazAlI bhaTTAraka the / bha0 sakalakIti ne inake pAsa ATha varSa rahakara dharma, darzana, chanda, kAvya, vyAkaraNa, kopa, mAhitya Adi kA jJAna prApta kiyA thA aura kavitA meM nipuNatA prApta ko thii| bhaTTAraka sakalakAni na apanI racanAtrA meM unakA sa-sammAna ullekha kiyA hai padmanandI kevala gaddI dhArI bhaTTAraka hI nahI tha, kintu jana saskRti ke pracAra eva prasAra meM sadA sAvadhAna rahate the| padmanandI pratiSThAcArya bhI the| inake dvArA vibhinna sthAno para aneka maniyA ko pratiSThA kI gaI thii| jahA ve matra-tatra vAdI the, vahA ve atyanna vivekazIla aura catura the| pApake dvArA pratiSThita maniyA vibhinna sthAno ke mandiro meM pAI jAtI hai / pAThakoM kI jAnakArI ke liye do mUrti lekha nIce diye jAte hai: 1 AdinAtha-oM saMvata 1450 vaizAkha sudI 10 garI zrI cahuvANa vaza kuzezaya mArtaNDa sArave vikramanya zrImata svarUpa bhUpAnvaya jhuDadevAtmajasya bhUSaja zakrasya zrI sabAnRpateH rAjye pravartamAne zrI malayaMghe bha0 zrI prabhAcanda deva, tatpaTTe zrI padmanandi deva tadupadeze golArADAnvaye--- -(bhaTaTAraka sampradAya 862) 2 arahaMta-haritavarNa kRSNamUrti- sa0 1463 varSe mAgha mudI 13 zukra zrI mala saMghe paTTAcArya zrI padama nandi devA golArADAnvaye sAdhu nAgadeva sut----| (iTAvA ke jaMna mUni lekha- prAcIna jana lekha pagraha pR038) aitihAsika ghaTanA bha0 padmanandI ke sAnidhya meM dillI kA eka sagha giranAra jI kI yAtrA ko gayA thaa| usa gamaya zvetAmbara sampradAya kA bhI eka sagha ukta tIrtha kI yAtrAtha vahA AyA huA thaa| usa samaya dAnA gadhA meM yaha vivAda chir3a gayA ki pahale kona vandanA kare, jaba vivAda ne tUla pakar3a liyA pAra kucha bhI nirNaya na ho sakA, taba usaka zama nArtha yaha yukti socI gaI ki jo sagha sarasvatI se apane ko 'Adya' kahalA degA, vahI madha pahala yAtrA kA jA sakagA ataH bhaTTAraka padmanandI ne pApANa kI sarasvatI devI ke mukha se 'yAdya digambara' zabda pahalA diyA, pAraNAmasvarUpa digambarga ne pahale yAtrA kI, aura bhagavAna neminAtha kI bhAkta pUrvaka pUjA ko| usake bAda zvanAmbara sampradAya ne kii| usI samaya se balAtkAragaNa kI prasiddhi mAnI jAtI hai / ve padya isa prakAra hai : padmanandi gururjAto blaatkaargnnaaprnnii| pASANaghaTitA yena vAditA zrI srsvtii|| Urjayanta girau tena gacchaH sArasvato'bhavat / atastasmai munIndrAya namaH zrI padmanandine // yaha aitihAsika ghaTanA prastUta padmanandI ke jIvana ke sAtha ghaTita haI thii| padmanandI nAma sAmya ke kAraNa i ne isa ghaTanA kA sambandha prAcArya pravara kandakanda ke sAtha jADa diyA / vaha ThAka nahI hai kyoMki kundakundAcArya mUla saMgha ke pravartaka prAcIna muni puMgava hai ora ghaTanAkrama arvAcIna hai / aisI sthiti meM yaha ghaTanA prA0 kundakunda ke samaya kI nahI hai / isakA sambandha to bhaTTAraka padmanandI se hai| 1. zrIpAnandI munirAjapaTTe zubhopadezI zubhacandradevaH / zrIsiddhacakrasya kathA'vatAraM cakAra bhvyaabujbhaanumaalii| (jananantha prazasti saM0 bhA0 1 pR. 88)

Page #513
15vIM, 16vIM, 17vIM aura 18vI zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi racanAe~ padmanandI kI aneka racanAeM haiN| jinameM devazAstra garu-pUjana saMskRta, siddhapUjA saskRta, padmanandi zrAvakA cAramAroddhAra, vardhamAnakAvya, jIgapalli pArzvanAtha gnotra pAra bhAvanAcaviMzati / inake atirikta vItarAga stotra, zAntinAtha stotra bhI patA nandI kRta hai, para donoM stotroM, deva-zAstra garu-pUjA tathA siddhapUjA meM padmanandi kA nAmollekha to milatA hai, parantu umameM bha0 prabhAcanda kA koI ullekha nahIM miltaa| jaba ki anya racanAoM meM prabhAcanda kA mpATa ullegna hai, Taliye una racanAoM ko binA kimI Thosa AdhAra ke prastuga padmanando ko hI racanAeM nahIM kahA jA sktaa| ho gakatA hai ki ve bhI inhI kI kRti rahI hoN| zrAvakAcAramAgeddhAra garakRta bhApA kA padya baddha granya hai, usameM tIna pariccheda hai jinameM thAvaka dharma kA gacchA vivecana kiyA gayA hai / isa grantha ke nirmANa meM lambayaMcaka kulAnvayI (lameca vaMzaja) sAha vAsAdhara preraka haiN|' prazasti meM unake pitAmaha kA bhI nAmollekha kiyA hai jinhoMne 'mupakAragAra' nAmaka graya kA racanA ko thii| yaha grantha abhI anapalabdha hai| vidvAnoM ko ugakA anvepaNa karanA caahie| isa grantha ko antima prazasti meM kartA ne sAha vAmAghara parivAra kA atA paricaya karAyA hai / aura vatalAyA hai ki gokarNa ke pUtra somadeva hae, jo candravADa ke rAjA abhayanandra grora jayacandra ke samaya pradhAna mantrI the / gomadeva kI patnI kA nAma premasiri thA, usame sAta putra utpanna hA the / yAmAdhara, harigaja, prahalAda, mahAgaja, bhavarAja ratanAgya pora mtnaavy| inameM se jyeSTha putra vAmAdhara gavage adhika buddhimAna, dharmAtmA grAra kartavyaparAyaNa thaa| inakI preraNA prora aAgraha meM ho muni padmanandI na ukna thabAkAcAkI ninA kI thii| mAhavAmAdhara ne candravATa meM eka jinamandira banavAyA thA aura unako pratiSThA vidhi bhI gampanna nI / kaba dhanapAla ke zabdo meM vAsAdhara mamyagdagTi, jinacaraNoM kA bhakta, jainadharma ke pAlana meM tatpara, dayAla, vaha mitra, mithyAtvarahita aura vizuddha cittavAlA thaa| bha0 pramAcandra ke zipya dhanapAla ne bhI saM0145.8 meM caMdravATa nagara meM ukta vArAdhira kI preraNA se apabhraMza bhASA meM bAhubalocarita kI racanA kI thii| dumarI kRti vardhamAna kAvya yA jinarAtri kathA hai, jisake prathama sarga meM 356 zloka hai| jinameM antima tIrthakara bhagavAna mahAvIra kA carita aMkita kiyA gayA hai, kintu grantha meM racanAkAla nahIM diyA jimame usakA nizcita samaya batalAnA kaThina hai| isa grantha kI eka prati jayapura ke pArzvanAtha di0 jaina madira ke zAstra bhaMDAra meM avasthita hai jisakA lipikAla saM0 1518 hai aura dUsarI prati saM0 1522 kI likhI haI gopa.pUrA gUrata ke zAstra bhaMDAra meM surakSita hai| inake atirikta 'ana vrata kathA' bhI bha0 prabhAcadra ke zipya padmanando kI banAI upalabdha hai| jimameM 85 zloka hai| padmanandI ne aneka dezoM, grAmoM, nagaroM Adi meM vihAra kara jana kalyANa kA kArya kiyA hai, lokopayogI sAhitya kA nirmANa tathA upadezoM dvArA sammArga dikhalAyA hai| inake zipya-ziSyoM me jainadharma aura saskRti kI mahatI sevA haI hai| varSoM taka mAhitya kA nirmANa, zAstra bhaMDAroM kA sakalana pora pratiSThAdakAryo dvArA jaina saskRti ke pracAra meM bala milA hai / imI taraha ke anya aneka saMta hai, jinakA paricaya bhI janasAdhAraNa taka nahIM pahuMcA hai| isI dapTikoNa ko sAmane rakhakara padmanandI kA paricaya diyA gayA hai cUki padmanandI mUla sagha ke vidvAna the, ve digambara vepa meM rahate the aura apane ko muni kahate the| aura ve yathAvidha yathAzakya nirdoSa AcAra vidhi kA pAlana kara jIvana yApana karate the| 1. tholamba kecukulAdmavikAsabhAnuH somAtmajo duritadAru cayakRzAnuH / dhamakamAdhana paro bhuvi bhavyabandhu sAdharo vijayate guNaratna sindhuH / / -bAhubalIcarita saMdhi 4 2. jiNaNAha caraNa bhatto jiNadhammaparo dayAloe / siri somadevatAo NaMdau vAsaddhage NiccaM / sammatta jutto jiNapAyabhatto dayAlurano bahulIya mitto| micchattacatto suvisuddhacitto vAsAgharo NaMdau punnnncitto|| -bAhubalI carita sadhi 3

Page #514
480 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 ziSya paramparA bha0 padmanandI ke aneka ziSya the unameM cAra pramukha the| zubhacandra unake paTTadhara ziSya the| devendra kIrti ne sUrata meM bhaTTAraka gaddI sthApita kI thii| zivanandI jinakA pUrvanAma sUrajana sAhu thaa| padmanandI dvArA dIkSita hokara zivanandI nAma diyA, jo bar3e tapasvI the| dharmadhyAna aura vratAdi meM saMlagna rahate the| bAda meM unakA svargavAsa ho gayA thaa| caturtha' ziSya sakalakIrti the jinhoMne IDara meM bhaTAraka gaddI sthApita kI thii| yaha apane samaya ke sabase prasiddha aura pratibhA sampanna bhaTTAraka the| digambara mudrA meM rahate the| inhoMne aneka pratiSThAe, aura aneka granthoM vI racanA kI hai| inakI zipya paramparA bhI pallavita rahI hai| bha. padmanandI dvArA dIkSita ratnathI' nAma kI prAyikA bhI thii| isa taraha padmanandI ne aura unakI ziSya paramparA ne jaina saMskRti kI mahAn sevA kI hai| bhaTTAraka yazaHkoti yaha kASThAsagha mAthura gaccha aura puSkara gaNa ke bhaTTAraka gUNakIti jinakA tapazcaraNa se zarIra kSINa ho gayA thA, laghabhrAtA aura paTTadhara the / yaha usa samaya ke suyogya vidvAna aura pratiSThAcArya the| saMskRta, prAkRta aura apabhraza bhApA ke acche vidvAna aura kavi the| apane samaya ke acche prabhAvazAlI bhaTTAraka the| jaisA ki nimna prazasti vAkyo se prakaTa hai: "sutAsa paTTabhAyaro vi prAyamattha-sAyaro, risisa gacchaNAyako jayanta sikkha dAyako jasakkha kitti sudaro akaMpuNAya mNdiro,|" (pAsa purANa pra0) 'taho baMdhau jasamuNi sIsa jAu, Ayariya paNAsiya dosa. rAu / ' -harivaMza purANa 'bhabva-kamala-saboha pago taha puNa-tava tAva tbiyNgo| NiccobhAsi ya pavayaNa aMgo, vaMdidhi siri jasa kitti prsgo|" -sanmati jina ca0pra0 yazaH kIti prasaMga (parigraha rahita) the, aura bhavyarUpa kamaloM ko vikasita karane ke lie sUrya ke samAna the. ve yazaH kIti vandanIya hai / kASThAsaMgha kI paTTAvalI meM unakI acchI prazaMsA kI gaI hai| unakI guNakIrti prasiddha thI ve puNya mati, kAmadeva ke vinAzaka aura aneka dizaSyoM se paripUrNa, nirgrantha mudrA ke dhAraka, jinake citta meM jina caraNa kamala pratiSThita the-jina bhakta the aura syAdvAda ke satprekSaka the| inhoMne sa0 1486 meM vibudha zrIdhara ke saMskRta bhaviSyadatta caritra maura apabhraMza bhASA kA 'sUkamAla carita' ye do grantha likhavAye the| bhaTTAraka yazaH kIti ne svayaMbhU kavi ke khaMDita jIrNa-zIrNa dazA meM prApta harivaMzapurANa (riTaNemi cariu) kA gvAliyara ke samIpa kumAranagara ke jaina mandira meM vyAkhyAna karane ke lie uddhAra kiyA thaa| usameM unhoMne 1.sa. 1471 paTTAvalI ke prArambha meM sakala kIrti ko pamanandI kA caturtha ziSya batalAyA hai| 2. taho sIma siddha guNa kittiNAsu, tava tAveM jAsu zarIra khAmu / taho baMdhava jasa muNi sI jAu, mAyariya varaNa siya dosu-rAu // (harivaMzapurANa) 3. saM01486 varSe ASADha vadi 7 guru dine gogavala durge rAjA DUMgarendra siMha deva vijaya rAjya pravartamAne zrI kASThA saMdhe mAthaganvaye paSkara gaNe AcArya zrI sahasrakIrti devAstatpa? AcArya guNakItidevAstacchipya zrI yazaHkItidevAstena nina jJAnavaraMgI karma kSayArtha idaM bhaviSyarata paMcamI kathA likhApitam // " (nayAmadira dharmapurA dillI prati) tathA jaina anya prazasti saMgraha bhA02 pR0 83 4. taM jasakitti muriNahi, uriyau, Nie vi sattu hrivNsccrit| riNa guru siri-gugaNakitti pasAeM kiu paripuNNa maho ageN| saraha saNedaM (1) seThi pAeseM, kumariNayari mAviu sviseseN| govaggirihe samIve visAlae pariNayArahe jiNavara yaale| sAvaya jagaho purasa vakhArieDa, dir3ha micchatta moha assmaamidd| -harivaMza purANa prazasti

Page #515
15vI, 16voM, 10voM aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi apanA nAma bhI akita kara diyA thaa| kavi rai inheM apanA guru mAnate the / samaya maM0 1482 meM baizAkha sudI 10 ke dina yoginIpura (dillI) ke zAhajAdA murAda ke rAjya meM yazaH kIrti ke upadeza se zrIdhara kI bhaviSyadatta kathA likhavAI gii| kavi kA samaya maMvat 1482 me 1500 taka upalabdha hotA hai / ataH kavi kA samaya 15vI zatAbdI sunizcita hai| kyoki sa0 1500 meM inhoMne harivaMzapurANa kI racanA kI hai, usake bAda kitane samaya aura jIvita rahe yaha kucha jJAta nahIM hotaa| inake aneka ziSya the / inake paTTadhara ziSya malaya kIrti the / racanAe~ inakI isa samaya cAra racanAeM upalabdha haiM / pANDavapurANa, harivaMzapurANa, jinarAtri kathA, aura ravi vrata kathA / 1 pANDava purANa - isa grantha meM 34 sandhiyA~ hai jinameM bhagavAna neminAtha kI jIvana-gAthA ke sAtha yudhiSThira, bhIma, arjuna, nakula aura sahadeva, aura duryodhanAdi kauravoM ke paricaya se yukta kauravoM meM hone vAle mahAbhArata yuddha meM vijaya, neminAtha yudhiSThira, bhIma aura arjuna kI tapazcaryA tathA nirmANa prApti, nakula, sahadeva kA sarvArtha siddhi prApta karanA ora baladeva kA 5 veM svarga meM jAne kA ullekha kiyA hai / kavi yazaHkIrti vihAra karate hue navagrAma nAmaka nagara meM Aye jo dillI ke nikaTa thA / kavi ne pANDavapurANa kI racanA isa nagara meM zAha hemarAja ke anurodha se saM0 1466 kArtika zuklA aSTamI budhavAra ko samApta kiyA thaa| zAha mirAja pada mubArika zAha ke mantrI yaha san 1450 meM muvArika zAha kA mantrI thA / kavi ne grantha nirmANa meM preraka hemarAja kI saskRta padyoM meM maMgala kAmanA kI hai / inhoMne eka cainyAnaya bhI banavAyA thaa| usakI pratiSThA saMvat 1867 pUrva huI thI / grantha meM nArI kA varNana paramparAgata upamAnoM se alakRta hai kintu zArIrika sAndarya kA acchA varNana kiyA gayA hai- 'jAhe niyaMti raivi ukkhijjai' - jise dekhakara rati bhI khIja uThatI hai| itanA hI nahIM kintu usake saundarya meM indrANI bhI khinna ho jAtI hai - 'lAvaNaM vAsavapiya jUrai' / kavi ne jahA zarIra ke bAhya saundarya kA kathana kiyA hai vahAM usake antara prabhAva kI bhI sUcanA kI hai| chandoM meM paddhaDiyA ke atirikta AraNAla, duvaI, khaMDaya, helA, jaMbhoTiyA, malaya vilAsiyA, AvalA, catuSpadI, gudarI, vaMzastha, gAhA, dohA, ra vastu chanda kA prayoga kiyA hai / kavi ne 28vIM saMdhi ke kaDavA ke prArambha meM dohA chanda kA prayoga kiyA hai aura doha ko dodhaka aura dohau nAma bhI diyA hai / yathA- 48 1 1. sa0 1482 baiza 10 dio khamudI 10 dine zrI yoginIpure sAhidA murAdagAna rAjyapravartamAne zrIkASThAsaMghe mAthurAnvaye prAcArya zrI bhAvamena devAstapaTTe zrI guNIti devanaziSya zrI yazaHkoni upadezena likhApita | di0 jaina patra patI maMdira va pavA, jaina grantha sUtrI bhA0 5 pR0 363 2. siriavAna sahi pahA. jo maghahaM vacchalu vigayamANu / taho dagu volhA gamAu, nava gAva nagari so saI jiAu / / 3. vikramarAya ho gaya kAnae, mahi- sAyara-gaha- risi akAlae / katiya mimi buha vAsa, huu paripuSNa, paDhama gaMdIsara | pANDavapu0 pra0 ( jaina graMtha praza0 bhA0 2 pR0 40 ) 4. suratAna muvArakha taNai rajja, maMtitarathiu piya bhArakajja / 5. jeraNa karAvau jiNa ceyAlau, puNNaheu cira-raya pakvAliu / dhaya-toraNa - kalasehi alaMkiu, jasu guruti hari jANu vi saMkiu / - vahI jaina graMtha praza0 bhA02 pR0 36

Page #516
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 drodhaka- tA siMciya sIyala jaleNa, vijjiya camara vileNa / upriya sIyAnala taviya, mayaliya aMjujaleNa // grantha kI antima prazasti meM hemarAja ke parivAra kA vistRta paricaya diyA hai aura grantha unhIM ke nAmAMkita kiyA hai jaisA ki nimna puppikA vAkya se prakaTa hai:-- iya paMDava purANa sayala jaNamaNa savaNa sahayare siriguNakitti sosa muNi jasakitti viraie sAdhu volhA sata rAya maMti hemraajnnaamNkie-................|' harivaMsa purANa-prastuta graMtha meM 13 sandhiyA~ aura 267 kaDavaka haiN| jo cAra hajAra zlokoM ke pramANa ko lie hae hai / isameM kavi ne bhagavAna neminAtha aura unake samaya meM hone vAle yaduvaMziyoM kA-kaurava pANDavAdi kA-saMkSipta paricaya diyA gayA hai| arthAta mahAbhAratakAlIna jaina mAnyatA sammata paurANika AkhyAna diyA hayA hai| grantha meM kAvyamaya anekasthala alaMkRta zailI se vaNita haiN| usameM nArI ke bAhyarUpa kA hI citraNa nahI kiyA gayA kintu usake hRdayasparzI prabhAva ko aMkita kiyA hai| kavi ne grantha ko paddhaDiyA chanda meM racane kI ghoSaNA kI hai 'kintu prAraNAla' duvaI, khaMDaya, jaMbhoTTiyA, vastubadha aura helAAdi chandoM kA bhI yatra-tatra prayoga kiyA gayA hai| aitihAsika kathanoM kI pradhAnatA hai, parantu sabhI varNana sAmAnya koTi ke haiM unameM tIvratA kI abhivyakti nahI hai| yaha grantha hisAra nivAsI agravAla vaMzI garga gotrI mAhu divaDDA ke anurodha se banAyA gayA thaa| sAha divaDDA parameSThI pArAdhaka, indriya vipaya virakta, sapta vyasana rahita, apTa mulagaNadhAraka, tattvArtha zraddhAnI, aSTa aMga paripAlaka, gyAraha pratimA Agadhaka, aura bAraha vratoM kA anupThApaka thA, usake dAna-mAna kI yazaH kIti ne khUba prazasA ko hai| kavi ne likhA hai ki maiMne isa grantha kI racanA kavitta kIti aura dhana ke lobha se nahI kI hai aura na kisI ke moha se, kintu kevala dharma pakSa se karma kSaya ke nimitta aura bhavyoM ke saMbodhanArtha kI hai| kavi ne divaThA sAha ke pranarodha vaza yaha grantha vi0 saM0 1500 meM bhAdrapada zuklA ekAdazI ke dina ida ura (indrapUra) meM jalAlakhAM ke rAjya meM, jo mevAticIpha ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai, kI hai / isane zayyada mubArika zAha ko bar3I takalIpheM dI thiiN| jinarAtri kathA meM zivarAtri kathA kI taraha bhagavAna mahAvIra ne jisa rAtri meM avaziSTa praghAti karma kA vinAzakara pAvApura se muktipada prApta kiyA thA, usa kA varNana prastuta kathA meM kiyA gayA hai| usI dina aura rAtri meM vrata karanA tathA tadanusAra prAcAra kA pAlana karate hue prAtma-sAdhanA dvArA Atma-zodhana karanA kavi kI racanA kA pramukha uddezya hai| ravi vrata kathA meM ravivAra ke vrata se lAbha aura hAni kA varNana karate hue ravi vrata ke anuSThApaka aura usakI nindA karane vAle donoM vyaktiyoM kI acchI-burI pariNatiyoM se nippanna phala kA nirdeza karate hue vrata kI sArthakatA, aura usakI vidhi prAdi kA sUndara vivecana kiyA hai| muni kalyANa koti yaha mUla saMgha dezIyagaNa pustaka gaccha ke bhaTTAraka lalita kIrti ke dIkSita ziSya the| inake vidyAguru kauna the yaha jJAta nahIM huA / bhaTTAraka lalita kIti kArkala ke maThAdhIza the / lalita kIti ke gurudeva kIti / ina bhaTTArakoM 1. dANeNa jAsu kittI para uvayAgsu sapayA jss| Niya putta kalatta sahiu gaNaMda u divaDhAkhya iha bhuvrnne|| -harivaMzapurANa pra. bhaviyaNa saboharaNahaM Nimitta , eu gaMthu kiuriNammala citta / ukavitta kittaheM ghaNaloheM, Nau kAsuvari pavaDiya moheN| x + + kammakkhaya Nimitta riNaravekkhe, viraiu kevala pammaha pkkheN| (jana graMtha prazasti saM0bhA02 pR. 42) 2. iMda urahi eu huu saMpuNNau, rajje jalAlakhAna kaya uNNau / -vahI prazasti saM01 bhA02 pa. 42 3.dekho, tabArIkha mubArikazAhI pu0 211 +

Page #517
15vIM, 16vIM, 17vIM aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi kA mUla paTTasthAna maisUra rAjyAntargata panasoge (hanasoge) meM thaa| inake devacandra nAma ke dUsare bhI ziSya the, jaisA ki jinayajJa-phalodaya ki prazasti ke nimna vAkya se prakaTa hai-'devacandra munIndrAryo dayApAla: prsnndhiiH'| kalyANa kIrti apane samaya ke acche vidvAna kavi aura lekhaka the| aura vAdirUpI parvatoM ke liye vajra ke samAna the| inakI aneka racanAeM haiM jinameM no racanAmoM kA nAmollakha isa prakAra hai:-1. jinayajJaphalodaya 2. jJAnacandrAbhyudaya 3. kAmanakathe 4. anuprekSe 5. jinastuti 6. tattvabhedApTaka 7 siddharAzi, 8. phaNikumAracarita 6. aura yazodhara carita / prastuta kavi pANDya rAjA ke samaya maujUda the| yaha pANDyarAja vahI vIra pANDava bhairarasa proDeya haiM jinhoMne kArkala meM bAhubalIsvAmI ko vizAla eva manogya mUrti kA sthApita kiyA thA aura jisakI pratiSThA zaka saM0 1353 san 1431-32 I. meM huI thii| 1. jina yajJaphalodaya-meM jina pUjA aura unake phalopadeza kA varNana kiyA gayA haiM isameM no lamba aura do hajAra sAtasau pacAsa zloka haiN| yathA "dvisahasramidaM proktaM zAstraM granthaM pramANataH / paJcAzaduttaraiH sapta zatazlokaizca saMgatam // " kavi ne isako racanA zaka sa. 1350 meM ko tho, jaisAki usako prazasti ke nimna vAkya se prakaTa hai paJcAzastrizatI yukta sahasrazakavatsare / plavaMge zruta paJcamyAM jyeSThe mAsi pratiSThitam // 428 2. jJAnacandrAbhyudaya --meM 108 padya haiN| ora usako racanA zaka sa0 1361 (san 1436 I0) meM samApta haI hai| yaha grantha SaTpadI chanda meM hai| isa kAraNa ise jJAnacandra paT padI bhI kahate h| jJAnacandra nAma ke rAjA ne tapazcaryA dvArA mukti prApta kI thii| usI kA kathAnaka isa grantha meM diyA huA hai| 3. kAmanaka the-sAMgatya chanda meM racI gaI hai| isameM jaina dharmAnusAra kAma-kathA kA varNana 4 sandhiyoM aura 331 padyoM meM kiyA gayA hai / graMtha ke prArambha meM guru lalita kIti kA smaraNa kiyA gayA hai| isa grantha kI racanA tuluva deza ke rAjA bhairava suta pANDava rAya kI preraNA se kI thii| 4. anuprekSe- meM 74 padya hai jo kundakundAcArya kI prAkRta anuprekSA kA anuvAda jAna par3atA hai| 5. jinastuti-6. tattvabhedApTaka-inameM se jina stuti meM 17 aura tattvabhedASTaka meM padya haiN| 7. siddha rAzi kA paricaya jJAta nahI hpaa| 8. phaNi kUmAra carita-kannar3a bhASA meM racA gayA hai| pa0 ke bhajabalI zAstrI imakA kartA inhIM kalyANa kIti ko mAnate haiM / jo zaka 1364 (san 1442) meM samApta huyA hai| ha. yazodhara caritra-prastuta grantha saMskRta ke 1850 zlokoM meM racA gayA hai| yaha grantha gaMdharva kavi ke prAkRta (apabhraza) yazodhara carita ko dekha kara pANDayanagara ke gommaTa svAmI caityAlaya meM zaka sa0 1373 (mana 1451) meM samApta kiyA hai| isameM rAjA yazodhara aura candramati kA kathAnaka diyA huA hai| isake prazasti padya meM mani lalitakoti kA ullekha kiyA hai : yo lalitakotimunimahadudayagirerabhavadAgamamayUkhaH kalyANakIti mani ravi rakhila gharAtalatattvabodhana samarthaH // 221 isa saba racAnoM ke samaya se jJAta hotA hai ki muni kalyANa kIti IsA kI 15vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna haiN| ve vikrama saM0 1488 se 1508 ke granthakartA haiM / pramAcandra yaha kASThA saMghIya bhaTTAraka hemakIrti ke ziSya aura dharma candra ke ziSya the| jo tarka vyAkaraadi sakala 1. dekho prazasti saMgraha, jaina siddhAntabhavana pArA pR0 27 zloka 411 se 413 /

Page #518
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 zAstroM meM nipuNa the| bhavyarUpI kamalo ko vikasita karane vAle sarya the| ve saMgha sahita vihAra karate hae sakITa nagara meM pAe, jo eTA jile meM hai inhoMne sakITanagara (eTA jilA) vAsI lambakacuka (lamecU) AmnAya ke sakatU sAha ke putra pa. sonika' ko prArthanA para tattvArthasUtra kA 'tattvAtha ratna prabhAkara', nAma ko TokA vi0saM0 1486 ma brahmacArI jaitAkhya ke prabodhArtha likhI thI / isase isa pramAcandra kA samaya vikrama kA 15vI zatAbdo sunizacata hai| kAlha putra hAvA sAdhU kI prArthanA se ukta TippaNa banAyA gayA aura unhI ke nAmAkita kiyA hai| jasA ki usake nimna pUSpikA vAkya meM prakaTa hai : iti zrI bhaTTAraka dharmacandra zipya gaNiprabhAcandra viracite tattvArtha TippaNake brahmacAri jaitA sAdhu hAvAdeva nAmAkite dazamA 'dhyAyaH samAptaH / bha0 zubhakIti zabhakIti nAma ke aneka vidvAna ho gae haiN| unameM eka zUbhakIti vAdIndra vizAla koti ke paTTadhara the| inakI buddhi paMcAcAra ka pAlana meM pavitra thii| ekAntara Adi ugratapA ke karane vAle tathA sanmArga ke vidhi vidhAna meM brahmA ke tulya the, muniyoM meM zraSTha pAra zubha pradAtA th'| inakA samaya vikrama kI 13vI zatAbdA hai| dUsara zabhakIti kundakandAnvayI prabhAvazAlI rAmacandra ke ziSya the / ora tIsare gubhakoti prastuta zAntinAtha cArata ke kartA haiM / jo devakIti ke samakAlIna the, unhoMne prabhAcandra ke prasAda se zAntinAtha carita kI racanA kA thI kavi ne apanI guruparampaga ora jIvana-ghaTanA ke sambandha meM koI prakAza nahI ddaalaa| grantha kA puSpikA vAkya meM uhaya bhAsA cakkA vaTTi mukittideva viraie' pada diyA hai, jisase ve apabhraza Ara saskRta bhApA meM niSNAta vidvAna the| kavine grantha ke anta ma devakIti kA ullekha kiyA haiN| eka devakIti kApThAsagha mAthurAnvaya ke vidvAna the unake dvArA saM01464 ApADha vadi 2 ke dina pratiSThita eka dhAtu mati AgarA ke kacauDA bAjAra ke mandira meM virAja mAna hai / ho sakatA hai ki prastuta zubhakIti devakIti ke sama kAlIna hoM, yA kisI anya deva kIti ke samakAlAna 1. prApta pura sakITAkhya samAnItA jinAlaya / lambaka cuka AmnAye sakatU mAdhunandanaH // 11 paDitA sAnikA vidvAna jinapAdAbjapaTpadaH / samyagdRSTi guNAvAso budha-zopaM ziromaNi // 12 (Adi prazasti) asminsavatsara vikramAditya napate. gate / caturdazate'note navAsItyabda sayute // 13 bhAdrapada zukla paMcamI vAmara zubhe / vAranaM vainiyoga vizAkhA RkSake vare // 14 tattvArtha TipNa bhadra prabhAcandra tapasvinA / kRta mida prabAMdhAya nAkhya brahmacAriNe // 15 (antima pra0) ... ... tapo mahAtmA zubhakItti devaH / ephanta gadyagratamo vidhAnAddhAte sanmArgavidha vidhaane| -paTTAvalI zubhacandra: tatpaTTa jani vikhyAtaH pavAcArapavitradhIH / zubhakIrti muni zreSTha zubhakIti zubhapradaH / / -mudarzana caritra 4. zrI kudakudamya babhUbavaze zrI rAmacandra prathata prabhAvaH ziSyastadIya: zubhakIrtinAmA tapoMganA bakSa si hArabhUtaH / / 7 pradyotane samprati tamya paTTa vidyA prabhAveNa vizAlakItiH / ziSyaranekarupasevyamAna ekAntavAdAdi vinAza bajraya // -dharmazarmAbhyudaya lipi pra0 5.sa. 1464 ASADha vadi 2 kASThAsaMghe mAtharAnvaye zrI devakIrti prtisstthitaa| 3

Page #519
15vI, 16vI, 17vIM aura 18vIM zatAbdo AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi 485 para jaba kavi grantha kA racanA kAla sa. 1436 de rahA hai taba devakoti dUsare ho hoMge yaha vicAraNIya hai / prastuta zAntinAtha carita 16 mandhiyo meM pUrNa hamrA hai| isako eka mAtra kRti nAgora ke zAstrabhaMDAra meM murakSita hai jo sara 1551 kI likhI huI hai / isa grantha meM jainiyA ke 16 va tIrthakara bhagava na zAntinAtha kA jIvana paricaya akita hai| bhagavAna zAnti nAya pacama cakravartI the, unhoMne paTa khaNDA kA jItakara cakravartI pada prApta kiyA thaa| phira usakA parityAga kara digambara dIkSA le tapazcaraNarUpa samAdhicakra ma mahA dujaya mohakarmakA vinAza kara kevalajJAna prApta kiyA aura anna meM aghAti karmakA nAza kara acala avinAzI siddha pada prApta kiyaa| kavine ima grantha ko mahAkAvya ke rUpa meM banAne kA prayatna kiyA hai| kAvya-kalA ko dRSTi meM bhale hI vaha mahAkAvya na mAnA jaay| parantu grantha kartA kI dRSTi use mahAkAvya banAne kI rahI hai / kavina ligyA hai ki zAntinAtha kA yaha carita vIra jinezvara ne gItama ko kahA, use hI jina na Ara puSpadanta na kahA, vahIM maina bhI kahA hai| ja atthaM jiNarAjadeva kahiyaM jaM goyameNaM sudaM, jaM satthaM jiNaseNa deva raiya ja0 puSpadaMtAdihI / taM pratthaM suhakittiNA vibhaNiyaM sa rUpacaMda tthiyaM, saNINaM dujjaNa sahAva paramaM pIehie saMgadaM ||10vii sNdhi| kavine granya nirmANa me preraka rUpacandra kA paricaya deta hue kahA hai ki va ikSvAkUvazI kUla meM (jamavAlavaza meM) prAzAdhara hA, jo Takkara nAma se prasiddha tha Ara jina zAsana ka bhakta tha inake dhanavau 'ThakkUra nAma kA pUtra havA usakI patnI kA nAma lonAvatI thA, jisakA zarIra sampaktva meM vibhupita thA umage rUpacandra nAma kA putra haA jisane ukta zAntinAtha carita kA nimANa karAyA hai / kavi ne pratyeka madhi ke anta meM rUpacandra kI prazazA meM va aAzovAdAtmaka aneka padya diyA hai, usakA eka padya pAThakoM kI jAnakArI ke liye nIce diyA jAtA hai: ikSvAkUNAM vizuddho jinavaravibhavAmnAya vaMze samAMza / tasmAdAzAdharIyA bahujanamahimA jAtajaisAlavaMze / lIlA laMkAra sArodbhava vibhavaguNA sAra satkAra luddh| zaddhi siddhArthasArA pariyaguNI rUpacandraH scndrH|| kavine anta meM grantha kA racanA kAla sa.1436 diyA hai jaisAki unake nimna padya se spaSTa hai: pAsI vikramabhUpateH kaliyuge zAMtottare saMgate / satyaM krodhananAmadheyavipale saMvacchare saMmate / datte tatra caturdazetu paramo trizake svaaNshke| mAse phAlguNi pUrva pakSakabudhe samyak tRtIyAM tithau // isase spaSTa hai ki kavi zubhakAti 15vI zatAbdI ke vidvAna hai| anya grantha bhaMDAroM meM zAntinAtha caritra kI isa prati kA anvepaNa Avazyaka hai / anyathA eka hI prati para se usakA prakAzana kiyA jaay| kavi maMgarAja tRtIya kavi ke pitAmaha kA nAma 'mAdhava' ora pitA kA nAma 'vijayabhUpAla' thA, jo hoyasala dezAntargata hosavatti prAnta kI rAjadhAnI kalahalli kA svAmI thA, aura jisake uddhava kula cUr3AmaNi, zArdUlAka upanAma the| yUdUvaMza ke mahA maNDalezvara cagAla napake matrIvaMza meM utpanna huA thaa| isakI mAtA kA nAma 'devile' thA aura isakegaru kA nAma 'cikka-prabhendu' thaa| prabhu rAja aura prabhukula ratnadIpa isake upanAma the| isakI chaha kRtiyAM upalabdha haiMjayanapa kAvya, prabhaMjana carita, samyaktva kaumudI, thApAla carita, nemi jineza saMgIta, pAkazAstra (sUpazAstra) / jayanapa kAvya-yaha kAvya parivaddhinI SaTpadI meM likhA gayA hai, isameM 16 sandhiyA~ aura 1070 padya hai| isameM kuru jAMgala deza ke rAjA rAjaprabhadeva ke putra jayanRpa kI jIvana kathA varNita hai| kavi ne likhA hai ki pahale yaha carita jinasena ne racA thA, aura dUdha meM zakaMrA mithaNa ke samAna saMskRta meM kanaDI mizrita kara maiMne isakI racanA kI

Page #520
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 hai| grantha meM apane me pUrvavartI nimna vidvAnoM kA smaraNa kiyA hai-guNabhadra, kavi parameSThI, bAhubali akalaMka, jinasena pUjyapAda, prabhendu aura tatputra zrutamuni kA nAmollekha kiyA haiM / prabhaMjana carita- isameM zubhadeza ke bhaMbhApura nareza devasena ke putra prabhaMjana kI jIvana-gAthA aMkita hai / grantha ke prArambha meM jina, madhyameM guru, upAdhyAya, sAdhu, 'sarasvatI, yakSa, navakoTi muni, aura apane guru cikka prabhendu kA smaraNa kiyA haiM / isa grantha kI apUrNa prati hI upalabdha hai| __samyaktva kaumudI--isameM samyaktva ko prApta karane vAloM kI kathAe~ dI gaI haiM / grantha meM 12 saMdhiyA~ aura 12 padya haiM jinameM arhadAsa seTha kI striyoM dvArA kahI gaI samyaktvotpAdaka kathAeM haiN| isameM kavi ne, paca, ratna, zrIvijaya, guNavarma, janna, madhura, paunna, nAgacandra, kaNNaya, nemi aura bandhuvarga kA unakI racanAoM ke nAmollekha sAtha smaraNa kiyA haiM / kavi ne isakI racanA zaka samvata 1431 (san 1506) meM kI hai| kavi maMgarAja ne zaka saMvat 1355 (1433) meM zrutamuni ko aitihAsika prazasti likhI hai / jisakI padya saMkhyA 78 hai| prazasti sundara aura bhAvapUrNa hai| isane zravaNa velgola kA 108 vAM saMskRta kA zilAlekha (zaka saMvat 1443 (san 1521 I0) meM likhA thaa| prabandha-dhvani sambandhAtsadrAgotpAdana-kSamA / marAja-kavervANI vANI vINAyate tarAM / / 78 zrIpAla carita- isa grantha meM 14 sandhiyA~ aura 1527 padya haiM / yaha saMgAtya chanda meM racA gayA hai / isameM paNDarIkiNI nagarI ke rAjA guNapAla ke putra zrIpAla kA carita vaNita hai| maMgala padya ke bAda kavi ne bhadrabAhu, pUjya pAda Adi kaviyo kI prazaMsA kI hai| nemi jineza saMgati--isameM 35 sandhiyA~ aura 1538 somatya chanda haiN| isameM neminAtha tIrthakara kA carita vaNita hai| kavi ne isameM aneka vidvAna AcAryoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| pAkazAstra (sUpa zAstra)--yaha grantha vAdhika SaT padI ke 356 padyoM meM samApta huA hai / isameM pAka aura zAstra kA acchA varNana kiyA hai| kavi kA samaya IsA ko 15vIM zatAbdI kA uttarArdha 16vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha hai| somadeva inakA vaMza bagheravAla thaa| inake pitA kA nAma Abhadeva aura mAtA kA vijaiNI (vijayinI) thA. jo sadharmA. sagaNA aura suzIlA thii| yaha gRhastha vidvAna the / nemicandrAcArya racita 'tribhaMgI sAra' kI, thatamani dvArA varnATaka bhASA meM racI gaI TIkA ko lATIya bhASA meM racA hai / somadeva ne guNabhadrAcArya kI stuti kI hai, sabhavataH vedana ke garu hoMge / yA anya koI prAcIna prAcArya, kyoMki guNabhadra ko TIkA kartA ne karmadra monmIlana dikkarondra, siddhAnta the / nidhidaSTapAra, aura paT triMzadAcArya guNa yukta tIna vizeSaNoM se viziSTa batalAte hue namaskAra kiyA hai / 1. iza-gara zigvi-vidhumita-zakararidhAvi zarada dvitiiygaassaa| mita nami-vidhu-dinodaya juSi savizAkhe pratiSThiteya miha // 76 2. yathA narendrabhya pulomajAtsyiA nArAyaNasyAbdhi sutA babhUva / tathAbhadevasya bijaNi nAmnI priyA sudharmA suguNA suzolA // 3 tayo sutaH sadguNa vAna suvRttaH somo'vidhaH kaumudavRddhi kaarii| vyAghrara pA lAmbu nidheH suratnaM jIyAcciraM sarva janIna vRttaH / / 4 3. yA pUrva zruta muninA TIkA karNATabhASayA vihitaa| lATIyabhASayA sA viracyate somadevena / / vahI jaina grantha pra. bhA0 110 28 -jaina anya prazasti saM0 bhA0 15028

Page #521
15vIM 16vIM 17vIM aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi 487 karmadrumonmIlana dikkarIndra siddhaantpaayonidhidRssttpaarN| SaT trizadAcArya guNeH prayuktaM namAmyahaM zrI guNabhadrasUrim // zratamuni ne apanA 'paramAgamasAra' zaka saM0 1263 (vi0 saM0 1368) meM racA hai| ataH TIkAkAra somadeva usake bAda ke (15vIM zatAbdI ke ) vidvAna haiN| padmanAbha kAyastha kavi padmanAbha kA janma kAyastha kula meM huA thaa| vaha saMskRta bhASA ke acche vidvAna the, aura jainadharma ke premI the| inhoMne bhaTTAraka guNakIti ke upadeza se pUrva sUtrAnusAra yazodhara carita yA dayAsundaravidhAna nAmaka kAvya kI racanA kI thii| santopa nAma ke jaisavAla ne unake isa grantha ko prazaMsA kI thI, aura vijaya siMha ke putra pRthvIrAja ne anumodanA kI thii| prastuta yazodhara caritra meM hasaMdhiyA~ haiM jinameM rAjA yazodhara aura candramatI kA jIvana-paricaya diyA gayA hai / yaha grantha vIramadeva ke rAjya meM kuzarAja ke lie likhA gayA thaa| kuzarAja gvAliyara ke tomara vaMzI rAjA vIrama deva kA vizvAsa pAtra mantrI thA / yaha rAjanIti meM catura aura parAkramI zAsaka thaa| san 1402 (vi0 saM0 1456) yA usake kucha samaya bAda rAjya sattA usake hAtha meM AI thii| isane apane rAjya kI sUdaDha vyavasthA kI tho / zatru bhI isakA bhaya mAnate the / isake samaya hijarI san 805 san 1405 (vi0 saM0 1462) meM malla ikabAla khAM ne gvAliyara para car3hAI kii| parantu use nirAza hokara lauTanA pdd'aa| phira usane dUsarI bAra gvAliyara para ghega DAlA, kintu use isa bAra bhI Asa-pAsa ke ilAke laTa-pATa kara dillI kA rAstA lenA pdd'aa| kuzarAja vIramadeva kA vizvAsapAtra mahAmAtya thA, jo jaisavAla kula meM utpanna hayA thA, yaha rAjanIti meM dakSa aura vIra thaa| pitAmaha kA nAma bhallaNa aura pitAmahI kA nAma uditA devI thA aura pitA kA nAma janapAla aura mAtA kA nAma loNAdevI thaa| kuzarAja ke 5 bhAI aura bhI the jinameM cAra baDe aura eka choTA thaa| haMsarAja, sairAja, rairAja, bhavarAja, ye bar3e bhAI the| aura kSemarAja choTA bhAI thaa| inameM kuzarAja bar3A dharmAtmA aura rAjanIti meM kuzala thaa| isane gvAliyara meM candraprabha jinakA eka vizAla mandira banavAyA thA aura usakA pratiSThAdi kArya baDe bhArI samAroha ke sAtha sampanna kiyA thaa| kuzarAja kI tIna striyA~ thIM ralho, lakSaNa zrI 1. vaMze'bhUjjaisavAle vimalaguNaniSabhUllaNaH sAdhu ratnaM, mAdhu zrI jainapAlo bhavaduditayA statsuto dAnazIlaH / jainendrArAdhaneSu pramudita hRdayaH sevakaH sad guruNA loNAkhyA satyazIlA'jani vimalamati jainapAlasya bhAryA // 5 jAtAH SaT tanayAstayoH sukRtinoH zrI haMsarAjo'bhavat / tepAmAdyata mastatastadanujaH sairAja nAmA'jani / rairAjo bhavarAjakaH samajani prakhyAta kItirmahA, sAdhu zrI kuzarAja kastadanuca zrIkSemarAjo laghuH // 6 jAtaH zrIkuzarAja eva sakalakSmApAla cUlAmaNeH / zrImattomara-vIramasya vidito vizvAsa pAtraM mahAn / maMtrI maMtra vicakSaNaH kSaNabhayaH kSINAripakSaH kssnnaat| kSINomIkSaNa rakSaNa kSamamati jainendra pUjArataH // 7 // svarga spaddhi samRddhi koti vimalazcaityAlayaH kArito, lokAnAM hRdayaMgamo bahudhazcandra prabhasya prabhoH / ye natatsamakAlameva haciraM bhavyaM ca kAvyaM tathA / sAdhu zrI kuzarAja kenasudhiyA kIrtazcirasthApakaM // -canabandha prazasti bhA0 1506

Page #522
488 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 aura kauzIrA / ye tInoM hI patniyA~ satI, sAdhvI tathA gaNavatI thIM aura nitya jina pUjana kiyA karatI thIM / lho se kalyANamiha nAma kA eka putra utpanna huA thA, jo bar3A hI rUpavAna dAnI aura jina guru ke caraNArAdhana me tatpara thA / maM0 1475 ASAr3ha sudi 5 ko vIramadeva ke rAjya meM kuzarAja usake parivAra dvArA pratiSThita kiyA huA yaMtra naravara ke mandira meM maujUda hai| kuzarAja ne zrutabhakti vaza yazodhara caritra kI racanA kavi padmanAbha se karAI thI / yaha paurANika caritra bar3A hI rucikara priya aura dayArUpI amRta kA zrota bahAne vAlA hai / isa para aneka vidvAnoM dvArA prAkRta, saMskRta apabhraMza aura hindI gujarAtI bhASA meM grantha race gae hai / kavi ne grantha meM racanAkAla nahI diyA / kintu yaha racanA sa0 1475 ke Asa-pAsa kI hai| kyoMki vIramadeva kA rAjya maM0 1476 ke kucha mahIne taka rahA hai| ukta sa0 1476 ke vaizAkha meM mahIne unake putra gaNapatisiMha kA rAjya ho gayA thaa| usI ke rAjyakAla meM dhAtu vI covIsI mUrti kI pratiSThA ko gaI thI / ataH padmanAbha kAyastha kA samaya vikrama kI 15 vI zatAbdI kA tanaM ya caraNa hai / kavi dhanapAla kavi dhanapAla gujarAta deza ke palhUNapura yA pAlanapura ke nivAsI the / vahA~ rAjA vIsala deva kA rAjya thaa| usI nagara ke puravAr3a vaza jisane pragaNita pUrva puruSa ho cuke hai 'bhAMvai' nAma ke rAja zreSThI tha / jo jinabhakta aura dayAguNa se yukta the| yaha kavi dhanapAla ke pitAmaha the / inake putra kA nAma 'suhaDa prabha' zreSThI thA, jo dhanapAla ke pitA the / kavi kI mAtA kA nAma suhaDAdevI' thA inake do bhAI cAra bhI the, jinakA nAma santoSa aura harirAja thA / inake guru prabhAcandra the, jo apane bahuta se ziSyo ke sAtha dezATana karate hue usI palhaNapura meM Aye the / dhanapAla ne unheM praNAma kiyA aura muni ne AzIrvAda diyA ki tuma mere pramAda se vicakSaNa ho jAoge aura mastaka para hAtha rakhakara bole ki maiM tumhe patra detA hai ! tuma mere mukha se nikale hue grakSaroM ko yAda karo / prAcArya prabhAcandra ke vacana sunakara dhanapAla kA mana grAnandita huA, aura usane vinaya meM unake caraNo kI vandanA kI, aura Alasya rahita hokara guru ke grAge zAstrAbhyAsa kiyA, aura sukavitva bhI pA liyA / pazcAt prabhAcandra gaNI khaMbhAta dhAranagara aura devagiri (daulatAbAda) hote hue yoginI pura (dillI) Aye / dehalI nivAmiyoM ne usa samaya eka mahotsava 6. satrat 1476 varSa vaMzAgya sudi 3 zukravAsare gaNapati deva rAjya vartamAne zrI mUlama | nayApAye sTTAraka zubhacandradeva malAcArya paM0 bhagavana tatputra maghavI khemA bhAryA khebhAde jinabimba pratiSThA kArAvitam / mUrti lekha nayA mandira lazkara 1. pAlanapura (palhaNapura) Palanpur zrAbU rAjya ke paramAravaMzI dhArA varSaM ma0 1220 (san 1963 I0 ) se 1276 I0 san 1216) taka AbU kA rAjA dhArAvarSa thA, jisake kaI lekha mila cuke hai usake kaniSTha bhrAtA yazodhavala ke putra prahlAdana] deva (pAlanamI) ne apane nAma para basAyA thaa| yaha bar3A vIra yoddhA thA, sAtha meM vidvAna bhI thaa| isI se ime kaviyoM ne pAlanapura yA palhApura likhA hai / yaha gujarAta deza kI rAjadhAnI thii| yahA aneka rAjAoM ne zAsana kiyA hai| AbU ke zilA lekho meM paramAvaza kI utpatti aura mAhAtmya kA varNana hai aura prahlAdana deva kI prazaMsA kA bhI ullekha hai ! jisa samaya kumArapAla zatruMjayAdi tIrtho kI yAtrA ko gayA, taba prahlAdana deva bhI sAtha thA / prahlAdana deva kI prazaMsA prasiddha kavi somezvara ne kIrti kaumudI me lUNavasahI kI prazasti meM kI hai| yaha prazasti vi0 saM0 1287 meM AbU para lagAI thii| mevAr3a ke guhila vaMzI rAjA sAmantasiMha aura gujarAta ke solaM kI rAjA ajayapAla kI lar3AI meM, jisameM - ( purAtana prabaMdha saM0 pR0 43 ) aura tejapAla maMtrI dvArA banavAe hue delavAr3A gAMva ke neminAtha mandira meM vaha ghAyala ho gayA thA prahlAdana ne bar3I vIratA se lar3a kara gujarAta kI rakSA kI thii| prastuta pAlanapura meM digambara zvetAmbara dono hI sampradAya ke loga rahate the / dhanapAla ke pitAmaha to vahAM ke rAjya zreSThI the / itAmbara samAja kA to vaha mukhya kendra hI thA /

Page #523
15vauM 16vIM 17vIM aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke pAcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi 486 kiyA aura bhaTTAraka ratnakIti ke paTTa para unheM pratiSThita kiyaa| bhaTTAraka prabhAcandra ne muhammadazAha tugalaka ke mana ko anurajita kiyA thA aura vidyA dvArA vAdiyo kA manoratha bhagna kiyA thA / muhammadazAha ne vi0 saM0 1381 se 1408 taka rAjya kiyA hai| bhaTTAraka prabhAcandra kA bha0 ratnakoti ke paTTa para pratipThi na hone kA samarthana bhagavatI pAgadhanA kI pajikA TIkA kI usa lekhaka prazisti se bhI hotA hai jise ma01416 meM inhI prabhAcandra ke zipya brahmanAtharAma ne apane paDhane ke lie dillI ke bAdazAha phorAjazAha tugalaka ke zAsana kAla meM likhavAyA thaa| usameM bha0 ratnakIti ke paTaTa para pratiSThita hone kA spaSTa ullekha hai| phIroja zAha tugalaka ne saM0 1408 me 1445 taka rAjya kiyA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki bha0 prabhAcandra sa0 1416 se kucha samaya pUrva bhaTTAraka pada para pratiSThita hue the| kavivara dhanapAla guru AjJA se sauripuratIrtha ke prasiddha bhagavAna neminAtha jina ko vandanA karane ke liye mArga meM inhone candravADa nAma kA nagara dekhA, jo jana dhana se paripUrNa ora utta ga jinAlayoM me vibhapita thA vahA sAha vAsAdhara kA banavAyA huA jinAlaya bhI dekhA aura vahA ke zrI arahanAtha jinakI vandanA kara apano gardA tathA nidA ko aura apane janma-jarA aura maraNa kA nAza hone kI kAmanA vyakta kii| isa nagara meM kitane hI aitihAsika puruSa hue hai jinhone jainadharma kA anuSThAna karate hue vahA~ ke rAjya matrI rahakara prajA kA pAlana kiyA hai| kavi kA samaya 15 vI zatAbdI kA madhyakAla hai| kyoki kavi ne apanA bAhubalI carita sa0 1454 meM pUrNa kiyA hai| kavi kI eka mAtra racanA 'bAhabalI carita' hai| prastuta grantha meM aThAraha sandhiyA tathA 475 kaDavaka hai| kavi kathA sambandha ke bAda sajjana durjana kA smaraNa karatA huA kahatA hai ki 'nIma ko yadi dUdha me sicana kiyA jAya to bhI vaha apanI kaTutA kA parityAga nahI krtii| Ikha ko yadi zastra se kATA jAya to bhI vaha apanI madhuratA nahIM choddtii| usI taraha sajjana-durjana bhI apane svabhAva ko nahIM chodd'te| sUrya tapatA hai aura candramA zItalatA pradAna karatA hai| grantha meM Adi brahmA RSabhadeva ke putra bAhubalI kA, jo samrAT bharata ke kaniSTha bhrAtA aura prathama kAmadeva se carita diyA hanA hai| bAhabalI kA zarIra jahA~ unnata aura sundara thA vahA vaha bala porupa ge bhI sampanna thaa| ve Dandiya vijayI aura ugra tapasvI the| ve svAbhimAna pUrvaka jonA jAnate the, parantu parAdhIna jIvana ko mRtyu ge kama nahI mAnate the| unhoMne bharata samrAT se jala-malla aura dRSTi yuddha meM vijaya prApta kI thI, pariNAma svarUpa bhAI kA mana apamAna se vikSubdha ho gayA aura badalA lene kI bhAvanA se unhone apane bhAI para cakra calAyA, kinta devo. panIta prastra 'vaMza-ghAta' nahI karate / isame cakra bAhubalI kI pradakSiNA dekara vApisa loTa gayA-vaha unda koI nukasAna na pahuMcA sakA / bAhubalI ne raNabhUmi meM bhAI ko kadhe para se dhAre me nIce utArA pora vijayI hone para bhI unheM sasAra-dazA kA bar3A vicitra anubhava huaa| 1. tahi bhavvahi sumahocchava vihi |u mirigyaNakitti paTTe Nihiyau / mahamada sa hi maNu rajiyau, vija nahi vAiyamaNa bhjiyu|" -bAhubalicariu pragati 2. saMvat 1416 varSe caitra mudi paJcamyA somavAsare sakalagaja ziro mukuTamANikyamarIci pijIkRta caraNa kamala pATa pIThamya zrIpIrojasAhe sakalamAmrAjyadhurI vibhrANamya samaye zrI dilyA thIdundakundAcAryAnvaye sararavanI gacche balAkAragaNe bhaTTAraka zrI ratnakoti deva paTTodayAdri taruNataruNitvamurvI kurvANa bhaTTAraka zrI prabhAcandra deva ziSyANA brahma nAtharAma ityArAdhanA paMnikAyA gratha Atma paThanArtha likhApitam / -ArA0 paMji0 pra0 vyAvara bhavana prati 3. Nibu kovi jai khIrahi micahi to vi Na so kuDavattaNu mucai / ucchU ko vi jaha sasya khaDai, to viNa so mahurattaNu chddi| dujjaNa-suaNa sahAve tapparU, sUru tavai sshrsiiyrkruu| -bAhabalI carita prazasti

Page #524
460 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 ve socane lage ki bhAI ko parigraha kI cAha ne aMdhA kara diyA hai aura ahaMkAra ne unake viveka ko bhI dUra bhagA diyA hai| para dekho, duniyA meM kisakA abhimAna sthira rahA hai ? ahakAra ko ceSTA kA daNDa ho to apamAna hai| tumheM rAjya kI icchA hai to lo ise samhAlo aura jo usa gaddI para baiThe use apane kadamoM meM jhukAlo, usa rAjya sattA ko dhikkAra hai, jo nyAya-anyAya kA viveka bhulA detI hai| bhAI-bhAI ke prema ko naSTa kara detI hai aura iMsAna ko haivAna banA detI hai / aba mai isa rAjya kA tyAga kara prAtma-sAdhanA kA anuSThAna karanA cAhatA hU~ ora sabake dagbate dekhate hI ve tapovana ko cale gaye, jahAM digambara mudrAdvArA eka varSa taka kAyotsarga meM sthita rahakara usa kaThora tapazcaryA dvArA Atma-sAdhanA kI, aura pUrNa jJAnI vana svAtmopalabdhi ko prApta he| grantha meM aneka sthala kAvyamaya aura alakRta milate haiN| kavi ne apane se pUrvavartI aneka kavinoM ora unako kucha prasiddha kRtiyoM kA nAmollekha kiyA hai-jame kavicakravartI dhIrasena, jainendra vyAkaraNa ke kartA devanando (pUjyapAda) zrI vajrasUri aura unake dvArA racita paTdarzana pramANa grantha, mahAsana sulocanA carita, ravipaNa padmacarita jinasana harivaza purANa, muni jaTila varAgarita, dinakara sana kadapa carita, padmasana pArzvanAtha carita, amRtArAdhanA gaNigrambasena, candraprabha carita, dhanadatta cArata, kavi viSNu sena munisihanandI, anuprekSA, NavakAra mantra-naradeva' kavi asaga-vIracarita, siddhasena, kavi govinda, jayadhavala, zAlibhadra, catumukha, droNa, svayaMbhU, puSpadanta prora seDha kvi| kavi ne isa gratha kA nAma 'kAma cari u yA kAmadeva carita bhI prakaTa kiyA hai aura use guNoM kA sAgara batalAyA hai / grantha meM yadyapi chandoM kI bahulatA nahIM hai phira bhI 11 vI saMdhi meM dohoM kA ullekha avazya hayA hai| kavi ne isa gratha kI racanA usa samaya kA hai jaba ki hindI bhASA kA vikAsa ho rahA thaa| kavi ne ise vi. sa. 1454 meM vazAkha zuklA trayodagI ko svAti nakSatra meM sthita siddhiyoga meM somavAra ke dina, jabaki candramA tulA rAzi para sthita thA pUrNa kiyA hai| pranya nirmANa meM preraka prastuta grantha candravADa nagara ke prasiddha rAja zreSThI aura rAjamaMtrI, jo jAdava kula ke bhUpaNa the / sAha vAsAdhara kI preraNA se banAyA hai, aura unhI ke nAmAMkita kiyA hai / vAsAdhara ke pitA kA nAma somadeva thA, jo sabharI narendra karNadeva ke mantrI the / kavi ne sAhu vAsAdhara ko samyaktvI, jina caraNoM ke bhakta, jina dharma ke pAlana meM tatpara. dayAlu, bahaloka mitra, mithyAtvarahita ora vizuddha cittavAlA batalAyA hai| sAtha hI Avazyaka dainika SaTa karmoM meM pravINa, rAjanIti meM catura aura aSTa mUlaguNoM ke pAlane meM tatpara prakaTa kiyA hai| jiNaNAha caraNabhatto jiNadhammaparo dayA loe, siri somadeva taNo NaMdau vAsaddharo NiccaM // sammatta jutto jiNapAyabhatto dayAluratto bhuloymitto| micchatta catto suvisu ddha citte vAsAdharo NadaMu punnycitto| -sandhi 3 vAsAdhara kI patnI kA nAma ubhayazrI yA, jo pativratA aura zIlavrata kA pAlana karane vAlI tathA cata. vidha saMgha ke lie kalpanidhi thii| inake pATha putra the, jasapAla, jayapAla, ratapAla, candrapAla, viharAja, puNyapAla, vAiDa aura rUpadeva / ye sabhI putra apane pitA ke samAna hI suyogya, catura aura dharmAtmA the / ina AThoM putro ke sAtha 1. zrI laMba ke kulapadma vikrAmabhAnuH, somAtmajo durita cArucayakRzAnuH / dhamakamAdhanaparo bhuvibhavya bandhurvAsAdharo vijayate guNaratnasindhuH-saMdhi / 2. bikkamaNagdi kiya mamae, ca udahasaya saMbaccharahi ge| paMcAmavarisacau ahiya gaNi vaisAharaho siya-terasi su-diNi / sAINakkhatte pariTThiyaI vAra siddha joga NAmeM tthiyii| -bAhubali cariu prazasti

Page #525
15vIM 16vIM 17vI aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTrAraka aura kavi sAhU vAsAdhara apane dharma kA sAdhana karate hue jIvana yApana karate the| kavi ne unakA khUba guNagAna kiyA hai| bhaTTAraka padmanandi ne zrAvakAcAra sAroddhAra nAma kA grantha bhI vAsAdhara ke liye banAyA thaa| sadhiyoM meM pAye jAne vAle padya meM kavi ne sUcita kiyA hai ki gajA abhaya candra ne antima jIvana meM rAjya kA bhAra rAmacandra ko dekara svarga prApta kiyaa| ma0 1454 meM gamacandra ne rAjya pada prApta kiyA thaa| jo rAjya kArya meM dakSa aura kartavya parAyaNa thaa| isa taraha yaha racanA mahatvapUrNa prora prakAzita hone ke yogya hai| bha0 sakalakoti mUlasagha sarasvatI gaccha balAtkAragaNa ke bhaTaTAraka padmanandi ke ziSya the / inakA janma mavata 1443 meM hanA thaa| inake mAtA-pitA 'aNahilapara paTaTaNa' ke nivAsI the| inakI jAti vai thI, pratiSThita jAti hai| isa jAti meM aneka prasiddha purupa yora dAnI thAvaka-zrAvikAeM tathA rAjamAnya vyakti hue haiM / inake pitA kA nAma 'karamasiha' aura mAtA kA nAma 'zAbhA' thaa| inako bAlyAvasthA kA nAma pUrNasiMha thaa| janmakAla se ho yaha honahAra tathA kuzAgra baddhi the| pitA ne pAca varSako bAlyAvasthA meMTanheM vidyArambha karA diyA thA, aura thoDe hI samaya meM inhoMne use pUrNa kara liyA thaa| pUrNamaha mana pagAta ahaddhakti thaa| caudaha varSa kI avasthA meM inakA vivAha ho gayA thaa| kintu inakA mana gAgArika viSayoM kA prora nahI thaa| ataH ve ghara meM udAmIna bhAva ge rahate the| mAtA-pitA ne unakI udAsIna vani devakara inheM bahA mamajhAyA aura kahA ki hamAre pAsa pracura dhana-sampatti hai vaha kima kAma AvegI? mayama pAlana ke liye to abhI bahata samaya paDA hai| parantu pUrNasiha 12 varSa se adhika ghara meM nahI rahe, aura 26 vayaM kA avasthA meM vi.. grAma meM Akara bhaTTAraka prabhAcandra ke paTTa zipya bha0 padmanandI ke pAga dIkSita ho gae aura unake pAsa pATha varSa taka raha kara jaina siddhAnta kA adhyayana kiyA aura kAvya, nyAya, chanda aura alaMkAra Adi meM nipuNatA prApta kii| 'dIkSita hone para guru ne inakA nAma 'sakalakIti' rkhaa| taba se ve 'makalakati' nAma meM hI loka meM vizrata he| usa samaya unakI avasthA 64 varSa kI ho gii| taba ve prAcArya khlaaye| bhaTaTAraka banane se pahale prAcArya yA maNDaDalAcArya pada dene kI prathA kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai| sakalakIti 15vI zatAbdI ke accha vidvAna aura kavi the / unane zipyo ne unakI khUba prazasA kI hai| unakI kRtiyA bhI unake pratibhA sampanna vidvAna hone kI sUcanA detI hai| brahma jinadAsa ne, jo unake ziSya aura laghabhrAtA the| unhoMne gamacaritra kI prazarita meM nirgrantha, pratApI vavi, nAdi kAlA pravINa, taponidhi mora 'tatpaTapakeja vikAsa bhAsvAn' batalAyA hai| tatpaTTa paMkeja vikAsa bhAsvAna babhUva nirgranthavaraH pratApI / mahAkavitvAdi kalA pravINarataponidhi zrI sakalAdikItiH / / 184 aura zacandra ne 'pUgaNa kAvyArtha vidAmbara' batalAyA hai| brahma kAmarAja ne jayaparANa meM sakalakoti ko yogIza, jJAnI bhaTArakezvara batalAyA hai| isase ve apane samaya ke prasiddha jJAnI digambara bhaTTAraka the, isameM koI sandeha nahI hai| naiNa vAM se zikSA sampanna hokara pAne ke pazcAt jana sAdhAraNa meM cetanA jAgana karane ke liye sthAna-sthAna para vihAra karane lge| eka bAra ve khoDaNa nagara Aye, aura nagara ke bAhara udyAna meM dhyAnastha mudrA meM baiTha gae aura sambhavataH tIna dina taka ve usI mudrA meM sthita rahe, una para kimI kI daSTi na pdd'ii| nagara se pAnI bharane AI huI eka zrAvikA ne jaba nagna sAdhu ko dhyAnastha baiThe dekhA to usane zIghra jAkara apanI sAsu se nimna zabdoM meM nivedana kiyA-ki isa nagara ke bAhara kueM ke samIpa jo purAnA makAna banA huA hai usa 1. purANa-kAvyArtha vidAvaratvaM vikAzayanmukti vidAratvaM / vibhAtu vIraH sakalAdikIrtiH........... . .."|| zreNika carita pra0 2. sakalakIrti yogIza jJAnI bhttttaarkeshvrH| jayapurANa pra.

Page #526
462 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 purAne makAna ke pAsa eka sAdhu baiThA hai jisake pAsa eka kATha kA kamaMDalu aura mora kI picchikA hai| sAsU ne kahA koI mAdhaRSI pAyA hogA, yaha kaha kara vaha vahA~ gaI aura unheM 'namostu' kahakara namaskAra kiyA tIna pradakSiNA dI, taba sAdha ne dharma vRddhirUpa prAzIrvAda diyA, aura ve nagara meM Aye, pocA zrAvaka ke ghara unhoMne pAhAra liyaa| sakalakIti ne bAgaDa prAnta ke choTe bar3e nagaroM meM vihAra kiyA, janatA ko dharmamArga kA upadeza diyA unheM jaina dharma kA paricaya diyA aura janasamUha meM pAye hue dhArmika zaithilya ko dUra kiyA aura jainadharma kI jyoti ko udyoga kiyaa| maM0 1477 se 1466 taka ke 22 bAIsa varSIya kAla meM sakalakoti ne grantha racanA, jina maMdira-matiyoM kI pratiSThA Adi prazasta kAryoM dvArA jaina dharma kA prasAra kiyaa| isase sakalakIti ke kAryo kA hati vRtta sahaja hI jJAta ho jAtA hai / pratiSThAkArya sakalakIti ne kitanI pratiSThAeM sampanna karAI / isakA nizcita pramANa batalAnA kaThina hai| jaba taka sabhI sthAnoM ke mati lekha saMgraha nahI kiye jAte, taba taka ukta prazna kA sahI uttara denA saMbhava nahI jaMcatA / merI ko baka meM 6 pratiSThAnoM ke mati lekha vidyamAna hai maM0 1480, 1460', 1462, 1496, 1467 aura 146 ke haiN| inameM saM0 14.0kA aura 146ra ke lekha muni kAMtisAgara kI dAyarI tathA harisAgara ke sagraha ke zvetAmbarIya madiro meM pratiSThita digambara matiyoM ke haiM, zepa cAroM lekha udayapura, DUMgapura, sUrata, jayapara meM pratiSThita matiyoM ke haiN| usa kAla ke aneka pratiSThita saMghapatiyoM ne unakI pratiSThAnoM meM sahayoga diyA thaa| galiyAkoTa meM sa014 meM maM. pati malarAja ne cartavizati jinabimba kI sthApanA karAI thii| nAgadraha meM saMghapati ThAkurasiha ne bimba pratiSThita meM yoga diyA thaa| sakalakIti rAsa meM unakI kucha racanAoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai / grantha bhaMDAroM meM unakI jo katiyAM upa. / unameM se kisI meM bhI unhone racanA kAla nahI diyaa| sakalakIti kI sabhI racanAe sundara hai| hAM kAvya kI daSTi me unameM rasamalaMkAra Adi kA vizeSa varNana nahI hai| sIdha sAde zabdoM meM kathAnaka yA carita diyA hayA hai| yadyapi unameM pUrvavartI granthoM se koI khAsa vaiziSTya nahI hai kintu racanA sakSipta aura sarala hai| unake sabhI gAya prakAzana ke yogya hai| saMskRta racanAeM 1. prAdipugaNa (vRSabhanAtha carita) 2. uttara purANa, 3. zAMtinAtha purANa 4. pArzva purANa 5. vardhamAna parANa 6. mallinAtha caritra 7. yazodhara caritra 8. dhanyakumAra caritra 6. sukamAla caritra 10. sudarzana caritra jamba svAmi caritra 12. zrIpAla caritra 13. mUlAcAra pradIpa 14. siddhAntasAradIpaka 15. purANasAra saMgraha tattvArthasAra dIpaka 17 AgamasAra 18. samAdhimaraNotsAha dIpaka 16. sAracatuvizatikA 20. dvAdazAnaprekSA karma vipAka 22. ananta vrata pUjodyApana 23. aSTAhnika pUjA 24. solaha kAraNa pUjA 25. gaNadhara valaya pUjA 26. paMca parameSThI pUjA 27. paramAtmarAja stotra / rAjasthAnI gujarAtI racanAeM 1. pArAdhanA prati bodhasAra 2. karma cUravrataveli 3. pArzvanAthASTaka 4. muktAvali gIta 5. solaha kAraNa - - - - - - - - 1. sa. 1460 varSe baizAkha sudI 6 zanI zrI mUlasadhe nandi saMve balAtkAragaNe sarasvatI gacche zrI kundakundAcArya bhAbhI padmanandI tatpa? zrI zubhacandra tasya [guru] bhrAtA jagatatraya vikhyAta muni zrI sakalakIrti upadezAt huMbaDa jJAtIya ThA0 nagvada AryA balA tayoH putrAH ThA0 devapAla, arjuna, bhImmaM kRpA cAsaNa cAMpA kATA zrI AdinAtha pratimeyaM (srt)| 2. saM0 1467 mUlasaMghe zrI sakalakIti huMbaDa jJAtIya zAha karNa bhAryA bholI sutA somA bhrAtrA modI bhAryA pAsI Adi. nAthaM praNamati /

Page #527
15vIM 16vIM 17vIM aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi 463 rAsa 6. zAntinAtha phAgu 7. dharma vANI 8. pUjA gIta 6. NamokAra gItaDI 10. janmAbhiSeka dhUla 11. bhavabhramaNa gIta 12. cauvosatIrthakara phAgu 13. sArazikhAmaNa rAsa 14. cAritragIta 15. iMdriya savara gIta aadi| racanAe sAmane na hone se inakA paricaya nahIM diyA jA rahA / granthoM ke nAma sUciyoM para se diye gaye haiN| avakAza milane para phira kabhI inakA paricaya likhA jaaygaa| __mUlAcAra pradIpa meM bhI racanA kAla nahIM hai kintu , baDAlI ke cAturmAsa meM likhI gaI eka gujarAtI kavitA meM malAcAra pradIpa ke race jAne kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai / isakI racanA unhoMne laghubhrAtA jinadAsa ke anugraha se kI gaI thI, usakA samaya saM0 1481 diyA gayA hai| "tihi avasare guru prAviyA vaDAlI nagara majhAra re| cAturmAsa tihAkaro zomano, zrAvaka kIdhA harSa apAra re| pramIjhare padharAviyAM vadhAI pAve naranAra re / sakala saMgha milake dayA kInyA jaya-jayakAra re| caudaha sau ikyAsI bhalA , zrAvaNamAsa lasaMta re| pUNimA divasa pUraNa karmA , mUlAcAra mahaMta re| bhrAtAnA anugraha thakI, kIdhA grantha mhaanre|" bha0 sakalakIti ne 15 vIM zatAbdI meM rAjasthAna aura gujarAta meM vihAra kara janatA meM dhArmika kaci jagata kI unheM jainadharma kA parijJAna karAyA, aura pravacanoM dvArA unake ajJAna mala ko dhoyaa| unhI kA anusaraNa unake lagha bhrAtA brahma jinadAsa ne kiyaa| usake bAda unakI ziSya paramparA meM vahI krama calatA rhaa| saMvata 1482 meM iMgara pura meM dIkSA mahotsava sampanna kiyA' / saMvat 1492 va galiyA koTa meM bhaTaTAraka gaddI kI sthApanA kI aura apane ko balAtkAragaNa aura sarasvatI gaccha kA bhaTTAraka ghopita kiyaa| samaya vicAra paTaTAvalI meM bhaTaTAraka sakalakIti kA jIvana 56 varSa kA batalAyA hai / saMvata 1469 meM mahasAnA meM divaMgata he| vahAM unakI niSadhi bhI banI huI hai| sakalakIti kA janma saM0 1443 meM hmaa| 14 varSa kI pravasthA meM unakA vivAha huaa|aur 12 varSa ve gRhasthI meM rahe / 26 varSa kI avasthA meM saM01466 meM ghara meM naiNavA kAbha. padmanandI se dIkSA lekara ATha varSa taka unake pAsa rahakara, nyAya, vyAkaraNa. siddhAnta, kAvya chanda alakAra grAdi kA adhyayana kara vaiduSya prApta kiyaa| sakalakIti rAsa meM bhUla se 'cauda unahattara' ke sthAna para 'cauda saThi padA gayA yA likhA gayA, jo galata hai, usase unake samaya sambandha meM vivAda uTha khar3A huaa| ve saM0 1477 meM cautIsa kI avasthA meM bAgar3a gujarAta ke grAma khoDaNe meM pAye, aura vahA~ zAha pocA ke gRha meM AhAra liyaa| pazcAta varSa paryanta vividha sthAnoM meM bhramaNa kiyA / aneka mahatvapUrNa grantha banAye / mandira-mati nirvANa evaM pratiSThAdi kArya sampanna kiye aura anta meM 56 varSa kI avasthA meM saM0 1469 meM svrgvaasiihe| DA. jyoti prasAda jI sakalakIti kA jIvana 81 varSa kA svIkAra karate haiM jo ThIka nahIM jAna paDatA DA0 vidyAdhara joharApura kara ne bhaTTAraka sampradAya meM sakalakIti kA samaya saM0 1450 se 1510 taka kA diyA hai jisakA unhoMne koI AdhAra nahIM batalAyA / ukta donoM vidvAnoM dvArA batalAyA samaya paTTAvalI ke samaya se mela nahIM khAtA / AzA hai donoM vidvAna apane batalAye samaya para punaH vicAra kreNge| 1. caudaha avyAsIya saMvati kula dIpaka narapAla saMghapati / DUMgarapura dIkSA mahocchava tINi kiyaae| zrI sakalakIrti saha guru sukari, dISI dIkSA ANaMdabhari-jaya jayakAra sayala carAcaru e| -sakalakIrti rAsa

Page #528
464 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 paMDita rAmacanda inakA janma lamba kaMcuka vaMza meM huyA thaa| inake pitA kA nAma 'mubhaga' aura mAtA kA nAma 'devakI' thaa| inakI dharmapatnI kA nAma 'malhaNA' devo thA, jisame 'abhimanyu' nAma kA eka putra utpanna huA thA, jo zIlAdi sad guNoM meM alaMkRta thaa| kavi ne ukta abhimanyu kI prArthanA se prAcArya punnATa saMghIya jinasena ke harivaMza purANAnusAra sakSipta harivaMza purANa kI racanA kI hai / grantha kI racanA kaba aura kahAM para haI isakA prazasti meM koI ullekha nahIM hai / kAraMjA ke balAtkAragaNa ke zAstra bhaDAra kI yaha prati saM01560 kI likho huI hai| isame itanA to sunizcita hai ki grantha saMvat 1560 se pUrvavartI hai / saMbhavata: yaha racanA 15 vIM zatAbdI meM racI gaI ho| nAgadeva nAgadeva mallUgita kA putra thA umane apane kadamba kA paricaya isa prakAra diyA hai:--caMgadeva kA pUtra haradeva haradeva kA nAgadeva, nAgadeva ke do putra hue hema aura rAma / ye donoM hI vaidya kalA meM acche niSNAta the| rAma ke priyaMkara aura priyaMkara ke mallagita, aura mallUgita ke nAgadeva nAma kA pUtra hyaa| nAgadeva ne apanI laghatA vyavana karate hae apane ko alpajJa tathA chanda alaMkAra, kAvya, vyAkaraNAdi se nabhija prakaTa kiyA hai| isakI eka mAtra kRti 'madana parAjaya' hai| kavi ne likhA hai ki sabase pahale haradeva ne mayaNaparAjaya' nAma kA eka grantha apabhraMza bhApA ke paddhaDiyA prora raMgA chanda meM banAyA thaa| nAgadeva ne umI kA anavAda evaM anusaraNa karate hue usa | yathAvazyaka mazodhana parivardhanAdi ke mAtha vividha chandoM Adi me samalakRta kiyA hai| yaha grantha eka rUpaka khaNDa kAvya hai, jo bar3A hI sarasa aura manamohaka hai, isameM kAmadeva rAjA moha, matrI kAra aura ajJAna prAdi senAniyoM ke sAtha jo bhAvanagara meM rAjya karate hai| cAritra pura ke rAjA jinarAja unaka zatra hai: kyoMki ve muktirUpI kanyA se pANigrahaNa karanA cAhate hai| kAmadeva ne rAga-dvapa nAma ke dUta dvArA mahArAja jinarAja ke pAsa yaha sandeza bhejA ki Apa yA to mukti kanyA se apane vivAha ke vicAra kA parityAga kara apane pradhAna subhaTa darzana, jJAna, cAritra ko mujhaM sAMpa da, anyathA yuddha ke liye taiyAra hA jaay| jinarAja ne uttara meM kAma deva se yuddha karanA hI zreyaskara samajhA aura anta meM kAmadeva ko parAjita kara apanA vicAra pUrNa kiyaa| aba rahI samaya kI bAta, grantha kartA ne racanA samaya nahIM diyA, jisame yaha nizcita karanA kaThina hai ki nAgadeva kaba hae hai / grantha kI prati ma. 1573 kI pratilipi kI huI upalabdha hai usase spaSTa hai ki grantha usake bAda kA naho ho sakatA, usase pUrvavartI hai| saMbhavataH grantha vikrama kI 15 vIM zatAbdI meM racA gayA hai / 1. lambakaMcA vaMze'sau jAto jana-manoharaH / gobhanAtI subhagAkhyo devako yasya vallabhA / / 4 tadAtmajaH kalAvedI vizvaguNa vibhUSitaH / rAmacandrAmidhaH zreSThI malhaNA vanitA priyA // 5 nanmU nuna vikhyAtaH zIla pUjAdyalaMkRtaH / * abhimanyu mahAdAnI tatprArthanA vshaadso||6 -jana grantha prazasti0 bhA0 1 pR0 36 2. yaH zuddha momakula-padma-vikAzanArko jAto'thinAM surataru vicaMgadevaH / tannaMdano hari rasatkavi nAgasiMhaH tasmAdbhiSag janapati bhuM vinAgadevaH // 2 tAjA bubhI mubhiSajA viha hema-rAmI rAmAtpriyaMkara iti priyado'thinAM yaH / tajjazcikitsita-mahAMbudhi-pAramAptaH zrI mallugijjinapadAMbuja-matta-bhRgaH // 3 jana prantha praza0 bhA01 pra076

Page #529
15voM 16voM 17vIM pora 15vI zatAbdI ke mAcArya, bhaTrAraka aura kavi abhinava vArukIti paMDitadeva cAru kIrti paDi deva-yaha nandisagha dezoya gaNa pustaka gaccha iga nezvara balizAkhA ke bhaTTAraka zrutakoti ke ziSya the / inakA janma nAma kucha aura hI rahA hogaa| cAhakoni nAma dozravaNabelagola ke paTa para baiThane kAraNa prasiddha hayA hai| inakA janmasthAna draviNa dezAntargata mihapura thaa'| yaha cArUkIrti paDinAcArya ke nAma se khyAta the aura zravaNa belagola ke cArakIti bhaTTAraka ke pada para pratiSThina the / yaha vidvAna aura tapasthI the / vAdI tathA cikitsA zAstra meM nipuNa the| tapa meM niSThura, citta meM upazAnna, guNo ma gurunA aora zarIra meM kRzatA thI eka bAra rAjA ballAna yuddha kSetra ke samIpa maraNAsanna ho ge| bhaTTAraka cArakIti ne unheM tatkAla nIroga kara diyA thaa| inhoMne gaMgavaza ke rAjakumAra devarAja ke anurodha me 'gIta vItarAga' kA praNayana kiyA thaa| isameM RSabhadeva kA carita vaNita hai| jayadeva (mana 1180) ke 'gIta govinda'ke Daga para imako racanA huI hai| isakA apara nAma apTapadI hai| isa granya kA pi kA vAkya isa prakAra hai : "iti zrI madrAyagaja garu bhUmaNDalAcAryavarya mahAvAda vAdIzvarAya vAdi pitAmaha sakalavidvajjana cakravartI ballAla rAya jova rakSApAla (1) kRtyAdyaneka vipadAvalivirAjacchImadvelagola siddha siMhAsanAdhIzvara zrImadabhinavacArukoti pANDatAcArya varya praNIta gIta vItarAgAbhidhAnASTa padI smaaptaa|" inako dusarA kRti 'prameyaratnamAlAlakAra hai jo parIkSAmukhamUtra kI vyAmyA prameyaratna mAlA kI vyAkhyA hai| usI ke viSaya kA vizada vivecana kiyA hai| grantha dArganika hai para chaha paricchedo meM vibhakta hai / grantha abhI aprakAzita hai isakA samApti puppikA bAkya isa prakAra hai : iti zrImadde zigaNAgragaNaNyasya zrImaDala mulapura nibAsa rasikasya cArukoti paNDitA cAryasya kRtau parIkSA mukha sUtra vyAkhyAyAM prameya ratnamAlA laGkAra samAkhyAyAM SaSThaH paricchedaH samAptaH // samaya-bhaTTAraka zrutakIrti kA svargavAsa zaka sa. 1355 (san 1433) meM huyA hai| ataeva abhinava cArukIti kA samaya zaka saM0 1350 (san 1428) hai| yaha vikrama kI 15vI zatAbdI ke vidvAna haiN| lakSmIcandra inakA koI paricaya prApta nahI hai / lakSmIcandra kI do kRtiyA upalabdha hai / eka sAvaya dhamma dohA (zrAvaka dharma dohA) dUsarI kRti 'anuprekSA dohA' hai| zrAvaka dharma dohA-meM zrAvaka dharma kA varNana 224 dohoM meM kiyA gayA hai| dohA sarasa aora sarala hai| kinta kavi kuzala, anubhavA, vyavahAra catura aura notijJa jAna par3atA hai| kathana zalA pAdazAtmaka hai / grantha kI bhASA apabhraza hAte hae bhI loka bhASA ke atyadhika nikaTa hai| dAhoM meM dRSTAnta vAkya jur3e hone ke kAraNa grantha priya aura sagrAhya ho gayA hai| vAdIsaha kI kSatra cUr3AmaNi subhApita nItiyoM ke kAraNa bahuta hI priya aura upAdeya banA humA hai| DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhyAya ke anusAra brahmazrutasAgara ne nau dohe isa grantha ke uktaM ca rUpa se diye hai / isase itanA to spaSTa hai ki prastuta dohoM kI racanA vikrama kI solahavI zatAbdI ke madhya kAla se pUrva huI hai grantha meM apTa prakArI pUjA kA phala diyA hai aura nimna mabhakSa vastuoM ke khAne se samyagdarzana kA bhaMga honA batalAyA hai| sUlau-NAlI-bhisu-lhasuNu-tuvaDa-karaDu-kaligu / sUraNa-phulla-'sthANayahaM bhakkhaNi saNa-bhaMgu / - -- -- -- -- - 1. draviDa deza viziSTe sihapure labdhazasta jnmaasii| -gIta vItarAga praza0 2. jaina lekhasaMgraha bhA0 1 pR0 213 lekha naM0 108 / 3. dekho, gIta vItarAga prazasti /

Page #530
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 isakA artha paM0 dIpacanda pANDayA ne isa prakAra diyA hai- mUlI prAdi hare jamIkaMda, nAlI (kamala pyAja pATi kI nAlI bhisa.. kamala kI jar3a, lahasuNa, lumbI zAka (lokI zAka 1) karaDa kaMsabhI kI bhAjI ) kaliMga (tarabajA 1) saraNa kanda Adi kanda, puSpa hare phUla, saba prakAra ke anAja (bahuta dinoM kA banA pAcAra murabbA) inake khAne se darzana bhaga hotA hai / isameM lumbI zAka kA artha lokI (ghoyA) diyA gayA hai| lokI ko kahIM bhI prabhakSa padArthoM meM nahI ginAyA gyaa| sambhava hai granthakAra kA isase koI dUsarA hI abhiprAya ho, kyoMki lokI jise ghiyA bhI kahA jAtA hai, vaha abhakSa nahIM hai isI taraha sema kI phalI bhI abhakSa nahI hai| grama kI tulanA para se spaSTa hai, ki prastuta racanA paM0 pAzAdhara ke bAda kI hai / saskRta bhAva saMgraha ke kartA vAmadeva yA indra vAmadeva ke guru lakSmI candra the| para inake sambandha meM anya koI jAnakArI prApta nahIM haiN| DA. e. napAdhye ne mAvaya dhamma dohA kA kartA 16vIM zatAbdI ke lakSmIcanda ko nahI mAnA, usakA kAraNa brahma thatasAgara dvArA sAvayadhamma dohA ke padyoM ko uddhata karanA hai / ataH lakSmIcandra 16vIM zatAbdo ke nahIM ho sakate / unhoMne use vartI batalAyA hai| / merI rAya meM yaha grantha 14vIM zatAbdI yA usake pAsa-pAsa ko racanA honI cAhiye / pa0 dIpacanda pANDayA ne sAvayadhamma dohA kA racanA kAla vikrama kI 16vIM zatAbdI kA prathama caraNa batalAyA hai / ataH nihAsika pramANoM ke AdhAra para lakSmIcanda kA samaya nizcita karanA jarUrI hai, prAzA hai vidvAna isa ora apanA dhyAna dge| dehAnaprekSA -meM 47 dohA haiM, unameM kavi ne apanA nAma ullikhita nahIM kiyA, kintu sacI meM usakA kartA 'lakSmIcandra' likhA / yaha dohA nutprekSA anekAnta varSa 12 kI 10vI kiraNa meM prakAzita hai / dohA sundara aura pratyeka bhAvanA ke svarUpa ke vivecaka hai| sAvaya dhamma dohA se anuprekSA ke dohA adhika sundara vyavasthita jAna par3ate hai para racanA kAla aura racanA sthala tathA lekhaka ke nAma se rahita hone ke kAraNa usa para vizeSa vicAra karanA zakya nahI hai| sAtha hI yaha nirNaya bhI vAMchanIya hai ki donoM ke kartA eka hI haiM; yA bhinna-bhinna / kavi halla yA haricanda mUlasaMgha, balAtkAragaNa aura sarasvatI gaccha ke bhaTTAraka prabhAcandra ke praziSya aura bhaTTAraka padmanandI ke ziSya the / acche vidvAna aura kavi the inakI do kRtiyAM upalabdha hai| Nika cariu yA vaDhamANakavva aura malliNAhakavva / kartA ne racanAkAla nahIM diyaa| phira bhI anya sAdhanoM se kavi kA samaya vikramI kI 15vIM zatAbdI hai| racanAe~ zreNika carita yA varddhamAnakAvya meM 11 saMdhiyAM haiM, jinameM aMtima tIrthakara varddhamAna kA jIvana paricaya aMkita kiyA gayA hai / kavi ne yaha grantha deva rAya ke putra 'holivamma' ke liye banAyA hai / sAtha hI unake samakAlIna dvAna vAla magadha samrAT bimbasAra yA theNika kI jIvana gAthA bhI dI huI hai| yaha rAjA bar3A pratApI aura rAjanIti meM kazala thaa| isake senApati thapThi jaMbakumAra the| isa rAjA kI paTTa mahiSI rAnI celanA thI, jo vaizAlI gaNataMtra ke adhyakSa licchavi rAjA ceTaka kI viduSI putrI thii| jo jaina dharma saMpAlikA aura pativratA thii| zreNika prArambha meM anya dharma kA pAlaka thA, kintu celanA ke sahayoga se digambara jaina dharma kA bhakta aura bhagavAna mahAvIra kI sabhA kA pramukha zrItA ho gayA thaa| prastuta grantha devarAya ke putra saMdhAdhi paholivamma ke anurodha se racA gayA hai| aura gantha kA saM0 1550 likhI huI prati vadhI candra maMdira jayapura ke zAstra bhaMDAra meM maujada hai| 1. yaha lakSmIcandra zrutasAgara ke samakA tIna lakSmIcandra se jude haiN| paramAtma prakAza prastAvanA pR0 111 2. granthakAra kA nAma lakSmIcandra hai aura unakA samaya grantha kI upalabdha pratiyoM aura prApta aitihAsika pramANoM ke AdhAra para vikrama kI-16vIM zatAbdI kA prathama caraNa rahA hai| sAvaya dhammu dohA, sampAdakIya pR0 12 iyasiri vaDDhamAraNa kavve payaDiya cauvaggabharie seNiyaabhayacaritte viraiya jayamittahalla sukayanto bhaviyaNa jaNamaNa haraNe saMghAhiva holivamma kaNNAharaNe sammaijiNa riNavANa gamaNo NAma eyArahamo saMdhi pariccheo smto||

Page #531
427 15vIM 16vIM 17vI aura 15vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi kavi kI dUsarI racanA mallinAtha 'kAvya' hai / jisameM 16veM tIrthakara mallinAtha kA jIvana paricaya diyA huA hai| Amera zAstra bhaNDAra kI yaha prati truTita hai, isake prAdi ke tIna patra aura antima patra bhI upalabdha nahI hai / isa grantha kI racanA pRthvIrAja (saMsAracanda) cohAna ke rAjya meM hue haiN| isIlie kavi ne 'ciraNaMdara desu pusahami Naresu ' vAkya meM unakA ullekha kiyA / pRthvIrAja bhojarAja cauhAna karahala kA putra thA, isakI mAtA kA nAma nAikka devI thA / pArzvanAtha carita ke kartA savAla (saM0 1476) ne usake rAjya kI saM0 1471 kI ghaTanA kA ullekha kiyA hai, ukta 1471 meM bhojarAja ke maMtro yaduvaMzI amarasiMha ne ratnamayI jina bimba ko pratiSThA kI thii| vi halla ke mallinAtha kAvya ke kartA kI loNAsAhu ne prazasA kI thii| isame ukta mallinAtha kAvya saM0 1471 yA 1470 kI racanA hai | ataH kavi kA samaya saM0 1450 se 1475 hai / kavi kI tIsarI kRti 'zrIpAlacaritra' hai / yaha bhI apabhraMza bhASA meM racA gayA hai / isakI 60 patrAtmaka prati di0 jaina maMdira dIvAnajI kAmA ke zAstra bhaNDAra meM surakSita hai / ( rAjasthAna grantha sUcI bhAga 5 pR0 363) kavi asavAla kavi kA vaMza golArADa yA golAlAre thA / yaha paMDita lakSmaNa kA putra thA / kavi kahAM kA nivAsI thA / kavi ne isakA ullekha nahIM kiyaa| para kavi ne mUla saMgha balAtkAragaNa ke bha0 prabhAcandra, padmanandI, zubhacandra aura dharmacandra kA ullekha kiyA hai / ataH kavi inhIM kI AmnAya kA thA / saMvat 146 me kavi ke putra vidyAdhara ne bha0 amarakIrtita ke 'paT karmopadeza' kI prati likhI thI / yaha grantha nAgaura ke zAstra bhaMDAra meM surakSita hai / kavi kI eka mAtra kRti pArzvanAthacaritra hai / jisameM 13 sadhiyAM hai / jinameM 23veM tIrthakara pArzvanAtha kI jIvana gAthA dI huI hai / grantha meM paDhaDiyA chanda kI bahulatA hai / grantha kI bhASA usa samaya kI hai jaba hindI bhASA apanA vikAsa aura pratiSThA prApta kara rahI thI / bhASA muhAvaredAra hai| racanA sAmAnya hai / yaha grantha kuzArta deza meM sthita 'karahala " nagara nivAsI sAhu sAMNiga ke anurodha se banAyA thA, jo yaduvaMza meM utpanna hue the / usa samaya karahala meM cauhAna vaMzI rAjAoM kA rAjya thA / ima grantha kI racanA vi0 saM0 1476 bhAdrapada kRSNA ekAdazI ko banAkara samApta kI gaI thI / grantha nirmANa meM kavi ko eka varSa kA samaya lagA thA / grantha nirmANa ke samaya karahala meM cauhAna vaMzI rAjAbhojarAja ke putra saMsAracandra ( pRthvIsiMha) kA rAjya thaa| inakI mAtA kA nAma nAikkadevI thA aura yaduvaMzI amarasiMha bhojarAja ke maMtrI the, jo jaina dharma ke saMpAlaka the / inake cAra bhAI aura bhI the, jinake nAma karamasiMha, samarasiha, nakSatrasiha aura lakSmaNasiMha the / amarasiMha kI dharma patnI kA nAma kamala zrI thA / usase tIna putra utpanna hue the / nandana, soNiga aura loNA sAhu / inameM loNA sAhu jinayAtrA, pratiSThA Adi prazasta kAryoM meM dravya kA viniyama karane the aura aneka vidhAna - udyApanAdi kArya karAte the / unhoMne mallinAtha carita ke kartA kavi 'halla' ko prazasA kI thI / loNA sAhU ke anurodha me kavi asavAla ne pArzvanAtha carita kI racanA unake jyeSTha bhrAtA soNiga ke lie kI thI / prazasti meM saM0 1471 meM rAjA bhojarAja ke rAjya meM sampanna hone vAle pratiSThotsava kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai, jisameM ratnamayI jina vimba kI pratiSThA sAnanda sampanna huI thI / I kavi kI anya kyA racanA hai anveSaNa karanA Avazyaka hai / kavi kA samaya 15 vIM zatAbdI kA tRtIya caraNa hai / 1. aho paMDiya lakkharaNa suya gulaga, gularADa vaMsi dhayavaDa ahaMga / jaina grantha prazasti0 bhA0 2 pR0 126 paMDita asavAla suna vidyAdhara nAmA lilekhi / " 2. golArADAnvaye ikSvAkuvaMze zrI mUlasave 3. kuzAtaM deza sUrasena deza ke uttara meM ( nAgaura zAstra bhanDAra prati ) vasA huA thA aura usakI rAjadhAnI gauro pura thI, jise yAdavoM ne basAyA thA / jarA saMgha ke virodha ke kAraNa yAdavoM ko isa pradeza ko chor3akara dvArikA ko apanI rAjadhAnI banAnI par3I thii| 4. karahala iTAvA se 13 mIla kI dUrI para jamunA nadI ke taTa para basA huA hai, vahAM cauhAna vaMzI rAjAoM kA rAjya rahA hai| yahAM zikharabanda cAra jaina mandira hai / aura acchA zAstrabhaMDAra bhI haiM /

Page #532
418 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa- bhAga 2 brahma sAdhAraNa yaha mUlasaMgha kundakundAnvayI bha0 paramparA ke vidvAna haribhUSaNa ziSya narendra kIrti ke ziSya the| inhoMne apanI guruparamparA kA nimna prakAra ullekha kiyA hai : siri kundakunda gaNi rayaNakitti, pahasoma poma gaMdI suvitta / haribhUsaNa sIsaNaridaMkitti, vijjANaMdiya saNa dharitti // " ratnakIrti, prabhAcandra, padmanandI, haribhUSaNa ziSya narendra kIrti, aura vidyAnanda / kavi ne apanI racanAoM meM racanAkAla aura racanA sthala kA koI ullekha nahI kiyaa| kathA kI yaha prati vi0 saM01508 kI li isase grantha ukta ma01508 se pUrva racA gayA hai| kavi kA samaya 15 vIM zatAbdI hai| isa kathA saMgraha meM 8 kathAeM aura anuprekSA dI huI hai / kokilA paMcamI, mukuTa saptamI, duddhArasika thA, AdityavAra kathA, tIna cauvIsI kathA puSpAMjali kathA, nidukhasattamI kathA, nijhara paMcamI kathA aura anuprekssaa| pratyeka racanA ke anta meM nimna puSppikA vAkya diyA huA hai| 'iti zrI narendra koti zipya brahma sAdhAraNa kRtA anuprekSA smaaptaa|' ina kathAnoM meM jaina siddhAnta ke anusAra vratoM kA vidhAna aura unake phala kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI vratoM ke AcaraNa kA krama aura tithi Adi ke ullekhoM ke sAtha saMkSepa meM udyApana vidhi kA ullekha kiyA hai| yadi udyApana kI zakti na ho to dugane varSa vrata karane kI preraNA kI hai| ___ antima grantha anuprakSA meM anityAdi dvAdaza bhAvanAoM ke svarUpa kA digdarzana karAte hue sasAra aura dehabhogoM kI asAratA kA ullekha karate hae AtmA ko vairAgya kI ora AkRSTa karane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| koila paMcavI kathA : pAThakoM kI jAnakArI ke lie 'koila paMcamI' kathA kA sAra nIce diyA jAtA hai-bharata kSetra ke kuru jAMgala deza meM sthita rAyapura nAmaka nagara meM vIrasena nAma ke rAjA rAjya karate the| usI rAjya meM dhanapAla seTha apanI bhAryA dhanamati ke sAtha sukha pUrvaka rahate the| unakA putra dhanabhadra aura putravadhU jinamati thI / jinamati kuzala gRhiNI jinapUjA aura dAnAdi meM abhiruci rakhane balI thI, parantu usakI sAsu dhanamati ko jaina dharma se prema nahI thaa| donoM ke bIca yahI eka khAI kA kAraNa thaa| kAlAntara meM dhanapAla kAla kavalita ho gyaa| kucha samaya vAda viSaNNa vandanA dhanamati bhI calavasI, aura pApakarma ke kAraNa vaha usI ghara meM koila huI / ataH durbhAvazAt vaha jinamati ke zira meM hameMzA Takkara mArakara use du:khita karatI rahatI thii| ___eka dina usa nagara meM zrutasAgara nAma ke munirAja pAye, ve avadhijJAnI the| dhanabhadra aura jinamati ne unheM prAhAra dekara unase koila kI gatividhiyoM ke sandarbha meM pNchaa| taba munirAja ne batalAyA ki vaha tamhArI jananI hai / muniyoM ke AhAra dAna me antarAya DAlane ke kAraNa vaha koila huI / pazcAt munirAja ne saMsAra kI prasAratA kA varNana kiyA, aura batalAyA ki 5 varSa taka koila paMcamI vrata kA anuSThAna karo, prASAr3ha mahIne ke kRSNa pakSa meM upavAsakaro, vrata pUrA hone para kArtika ke kRSNa pakSa meM usakA udyApana karo, udyApana meM pAMca pAMca vastaeM jina mandira meM dIjie udyApana kI zakti na ho to dugune dina vrata karanA caahie| yaha suna kara koila mUrchita ho gayI, jala siMcana se use saceta kiyA gayA pranaMtara dharmopadeza sunakara koila ne sanyAsa pUrvaka divaMgata huii| 1. saM0 1500 varSe zrI mUlasaMdhe jinacandra deva khaMDelAnvaye sAvaDA gotre sA.paM0 vIjhA iyaM kathAnaka anya likhApya karmakSaya nimitta prdtt|

Page #533
15vIM, 16vIM, 17vI aura 18vI zatAbdI ke AcAya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi 466 dampati ne munirAja dvArA nirdiSTa koila paMcamI vrata kA vidhi pUrvaka pAlana kiyaa| vrata samApta hone para usakA udyApana kiyaa| kAlAntara meM ve bhI sanyAsa pUrvaka svarga vAsI he| isameM jIva dayA pAlana karane kA phala batalAyA gayA hai| isI taraha anya saba kathAeM dI gaI haiN| kathAeM aprakAzita haiN| budha vijayasiMha kavi ke pitA kA nAma seTha vilhaNa aura mAtA kA nAma rAjamatI thaa| kavi kA vaMza padmAvatI pUravAla thA paura yaha merupura ke nivAsI the / kavi ne apane guru kA nAmollekha nahI kiyaa| kaviko ekamAtra kRti 'ajita purANa' upalabdha hai jisakA racanA kAla vi0 saM01505 kArtikI pUrNimA hai| isase kavi kA samaya saM01485 se 1515 taka samajhanA chie| ajita nAtha purANa isa grantha meM 10 saMdhiyA~ haiM, jinameM jainiyoM ke dUsare tIrthakara ajitanAtha kA jIvana paricaya aMkita kiyA gayA hai / racanA sAdhAraNa haiM, bhASA apabhraMza hote hue bhI usameM dezI zabdoM kI bahubalatA hai| ___ kavi ne isa grantha kI racanA mahAbhavya paM0 kAmarAya ke putra devapAla kI praraNA se kI hai / grantha kI Adyanta prazasti meM kAmarAya ke parivAra kA sakSipta paricaya karAyA hai / aura likhA hai ki vaNipura yA vaNika pura nAma ke nagara meM khaMDela vAla vaMza meM kauDi (koDI) nAma ke paMDita the unake putra chItU yA chotara the, jo bar3e dha kI 11 pratimAoM kA pAlana karate the| vahI para lokamitra paDita khetA the, unake prasiddha putra kAmarAya the| kAmarAya kI patnI kA nAma kamalazrI thA, usase tIna putra utpanna hue the| jinakA nAma jinadAsa, rayaNu aura diupAla (devapAla) thaa| usane vahAM vardhamAna kA eka caityAlaya banavAyA thA, jo uttu gadhvajAroM se alaMkRta thA / aura jisa meM vardhamAnatIrthakara kI prazAnta mUrti virAjamAna thii| usI devapAla ne yaha caritra grantha banavAyA thaa| kavi ne prathama sandhi meM jinasena, akalaMka, gUNabhadra, gaddha piccha, poDhilla (propThilla) lakSmaNa aura zrIdhara kavi kA nAmollekha kiyA hai| kavi ne isa grantha kI racanA sa0 1505 meM kArtikI pUrNimA ke dina kI hai| samaeha paNadaha saeha paMcataha kattiya puNNima vaasre| sasiddha gaMthuiu visiMha kiu vuha diupAlakayAdare // 325 bhaTTAraka zubhacandra yaha malasaMgha dillI paTTa ke bhaTTAraka padmanandI ke paTadhara zipya the| yaha padmanandI ke paTapara kaba pratiSThita hae, isakA niciya samaya to jJAta nahIM ho sakA, para ve saMbhavataH 1470 aura 147 samaya paTTa para pratiSThita hue the| gvAliyara lazkara ke nayAmandira ke cobosI dhAtu kI mati lekha meM saM0 1479 meM bha0 zubhacandra kA ullekha hai| ataH ve usase pUrva hI paTTa para pratiSThita hue jAna par3ate haiN| yaha apane samaya ke pracche vidvAna the| inakI do kRtiyAM mere avalokana meM AI haiN| 'siddha cakra kathA' aura zrI zAradA stavana / zAradA stavana ke veM padya meM-zrI padmanandIndra munIndra paTe zubhopadezI zubhacandradevAH' vAkya dvArA unhoMne apanA ullekha kiyA hai| yaha pratiSThAcArya bhI rahe haiM / inake samaya meM granthoM kI pratilipiyA~ bhI huI haiN| inake paTTadhara ziSya jinacandra the bha0 zubhacandra saMbhavataH 1502 taka usa paTTa para pratiSThita rahe haiN| 1. "tatpaTTAMbudhiH saccandraH zubhacandraH satAMvaraH / paMcAkSavana dAvagni kaSAyAmamA dharAzaniH / 20-mUlAcAra prazasti tAsu paTTI rayaNattaya dhArau, saMjAyau sucanda bhaDArau / siddha cakra kathA prazasti puNa uvaNNa siMhAsaNa maMDaNa, micchAvAi vAya-bhaDa-khaMDaNa, sAbaya cariu pra0

Page #534
500 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa--bhAga 2 siddhacakra kathA isameM siddhacakra vrata ke mAhAtmya kA varNana hai jise unhoMne samyagdRSTi zrAvaka jAlAka ke lie kalyANakArI kathA kA citraNa kiyA thaa| isa kathA kI antima prazasti ke nimna vAkya meM-'zrI padara paTTe zabhopadezI zubhacandradevaH' zrI siddhacakrasya kathAvatAraM cakAra bhavyAM bujabhAnumAlI // 1 // bha0 zubhacandra kA samaya vikrama kI 15vIM zatAbdI kA tRtIya caturthacaraNa hai| FT ratnakoti yaha balAtkAragaNa ke vidvAna the| yaha bhAvakIti aura anaMtakIti ke ziSya the| inakI ekamAtra kRti puSpAMjali vratakathA hai jo apabhraza bhApA kI racanA hai| kathA meM kavi ne racanAkAla aura racanAsthala kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyaa| isakA kAraNa racanA kAla kA nizcaya karanA kaThina hai| saMbhava hai 15vIM zatAbdI kI racanA ho| paMDita yogadeva yaha kanArA jile ke kumbhanagara ke nivAsI the| paMDita yogadeva rAjA bhajabalI bhomadeva ke dvArA rAjyamAnya the| vahAM kI rAjyasabhA meM sammAna prApta thaa| inakI eka kRti tattvArthasUtra kI TokA 'sukhabodhavRtti' hai / grantha meM guru paramparA aura racanAkAla kA koI ullekha nahIM hai| isa kAraNa inakA samaya nizcita karanA kaThina hai| ___ apabhraza bhASA kI 'suvratAnuprekSA' nAma kI 20 kaDavaka kI racanA hai jisameM muni suvrata ko bAraha bhAvanA kA varNana hai| jise unhoMne kabhanagara meM rahate hae vizvasena muni ke caraNa kamaloM kI bhakti se racA hai| isa grantha ko yaha pratilipi saM0 1585 baizAkha vadi 13 ke dina maimUra ke padyaprabha caityAlaya meM kI gaI hai| isase itanA to sunizcita hai ki paMDita yogadeva usase pahale hue haiN| saMbhavata: yaha 15vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna haiM / kavi jalhiga inhoMne apanA koI paricaya, guruparamparA aura 'racanA' kAla nahIM diyA jisase unake sambandha meM kucha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| inakI ekamAtra kRti, 'anupahArAsa' hai jisameM anitya, prazaraNa saMsAra, ekatva, anyatva, azuci, prAsrava, saMvara, nirjarA loka bodhi durlabha aura dhrm| ina bAraha bhAvanAoM kA svarUpa dikhalAte hue unake bAra-bAra cintavana karane kI preraNA kI hai| ye bhAvanAeM deha-bhogoM ko prAzakti ko dara karatI haI unake prati aruci utpanna karatI haiM aura prAtmasvarUpa kI pora AkRSTa karatI haiN| isIliye inheM mAtA ke samAna hitakArI batalAyA hai / kavi jalhiga kaba hue, yaha racanA para se jJAta nahI hotaa| saMbhavataH inakA samaya vikrama kI 14vIM yA 15vIM zatAbdI hai| kavi kahatA hai ki jo inako bhAvanA bhAtA hai vaha pApa-pAsa ko dUra karatA hayA parama sukha prApta karatA hai| sAtha meM kavi kahatA hai ki maine nija zakti se isakI racanA kI hai, usameM jo kucha hIna yA adhika kahA gayA ho, yA pada prakSara mAtrA se hIna ho, to usakA vigata-mala mUnIzvara zodhana kreN| nemacanda yaha mAthura saMgha ke vidvAna the| inakI racI huI 'ravivayakahA' (ravi vrata kathA) hai jisameM ravivAra ke vrata kI vidhi aura usake phala prApta karane vAle kI kathA dI gaI hai| racanA meM guruparamparA aura racanA kAla kA koI ullekha nahIM hai / isase nizcita samaya batalAnA zakya nahIM hai| kathA kI bhASA sAhityAdi para se 15vIM zatAbdI kI racanA jAna par3atI hai| anya sAdhana sAmagrI ke anveSaNa se samayAdikA nizcaya ho skegaa| 1. samyagdRSTi vizuddhAtmA jinadharma ca vatsalaH / jAlAkaH kArayAmAsa kathA kalyANa kAriNi // 2

Page #535
15vIM 16vIM 17vIM aura 18trIM zatAbdI ke prAcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi 501 paMDita nemicandra yaha SaT tarka cakravartI vinayacandra ke praziSya aura devanandI ke ziSya the| inhoMne dhanaMjaya kavi ke 'rAghava pANDavIya' kAvya yA dvisandhAna kAvya kI 'padakaumudI nAma kI TIkA banAI hai| TIkAkAra ne racanA kAla kA ullekha nahIM kiyA / prazasti meM trailokyakIrti nAma ke eka vidvAna kA ullekha kiyA hai jisake caraNa kamaloM ke prasAda se vaha grantha samudra ke pAra ko prApta huA hai / TIkA meM racanA kAla na hone se samaya ke nizcaya karane meM bar3I kaThinAI hAM rahI hai / isa TIkA kI aneka pratiyAM bhaNDAroM meM pAI jAtI haiN| jayapura ke pArzvanAtha mandira ke zAstra bhaNDAra meM 70 patrAtmaka prati jI saM0 1506 meM rAjADUMgarasiMha ke kAla meM gopAMcala meM likhI gaI thI, lekhaka prazasti apUrNa hai / (jaina grantha sUco bhA0 4 pR0 172 ) isase itanA to sunizcita hai ki pada komudo TIkA isase pUrvavartI hai / saMbhavataH 15vIM zatAbdI meM racI gaI hai / bha0 zubhacandra yaha karnATaka pradeza ke nivAsI aura kANUragaNa ke vidvAna the jo rAddhAnta rUpI samudra ke pAra ko pahuce hue the aura vidvAnoM ke dvArA abhivandanIya the| inako eka choTI sI kRti 'SaTdarzana pramANa prameya saMgraha' nAma ko upalabdha hai, jo jaina siddhAnta bhAskara bhAga 16 kiraNa 2 pRSTha 45 para prakAzita ho cukI hai| bhaTTAraka zubhacandra ne prAcArya samantabhadra kI prAptamI mAMsA gata pramANa ke 'tatvajJAna pramANa' nAmaka lakSaNa kA ullekha karate hue usake bheda - prabhedoM kI carcA kI hai / grantha meM racanA kAla diyA huA nahIM hai aura na guru paramparA kA hI koI ullekha kiyA hai| jisase bhaTTAraka zubhacandra ke samaya para prakAza DAlA jA sake / grantha meM sAMkhya, yoga, cavAka, mImAMsaka aura bauddha darzana ke tatvoM kA saMkSepa meM vicAra kiyA hai| kAragaNa meM aneka vidvAna ho gaye haiM / zravaNabelagola ke samIpa vahI somavAra nAmaka grAma kI purAnI bastI ke samIpa zaka saM0 1001 (san 1079 ) ke utkIrNa kiye hue zilAlekha meM kANUragaNa ke prabhAcandra siddhAnta deva kA ullekha nihita hai / para yaha nizcita karanA kaThina hai ki ukta zubhacanda isa kANUragaNa meM kaba hue haiN| 'grantha kI bhASA atyanta sarala hai, usase jAna par3atA hai ki yaha vikrama kI 14vIM zatAbdI meM racAgayA hogA / vizva tatva prakAza kI prastAvanA ke pRSTha 66 meM DA0 vidyAdhara joharApura karane bha0 vijaya kIrti ke ziSya bha0 zubhacandra ko ukta grantha kA kartA ThaharAyA hai jabaki yaha zubhacandra mUlasaMgha balAtkAragaNa ke the aura SaT darzana pramANa prameya saMgraha ke kartA bha0 zucandra kaMDUragaNa vidvAna the / prataeva mUlasaMgha ke bha0 zubhacandra isake kartA nahIM ho skte| inakI bhinnatA hote hue bhI DA0 vidyAdhara joharApura karane unheM mUlasaMgha ke bha0 vijaya kIrti kA ziSya kaise mAna liyA / isa sambandha meM anveSaNa karanA Avazyaka hai, jisase yathArtha sthiti kA nirNaya ho sake / bhAskara kavi yaha vizvAmitra gotrI jaina brAhmaNa thA, isake pitA kA nAma basavAMka thaa| kavi penugoMDe grAma kA vAsI thA / isakI eka racanA 'jIvaMdhara carita' prApta hai / jo vAdIbhasiMha sUri ke saMskRta grantha kA kanar3I anuvAda hai / aisI sUcanA kavi ne svayaM dI hai| graMtha ke prArambha meM kavi ne apane se pUrvavartI prAcAryoM aura kaviyoM kA smaraNa kiyA hai-- paMca parameSThI, bhUtavali, puSpadanta, vIrasena, jinasena, prakalaMka, kavi parameSThI samantabhadra, koNDakunda, vAdI bhasiMha, paNDitadeva, kumArasena, varddhamAna, dharmabhUSaNa, kumArasena ke ziSya vIrasena, caritra bhUSaNa, nemicandra, guNava nAgavarma, hotra ( potra), vijaya, aggaladeva, gajAMkuza aura yazacandra Adi / kavi ne isa grantha kI racanA 'zAntezvara vastI' nAma ke jaina mandira meM zaka saM0 1345 ke krodhana saMvatsara (san 1424) meM phAlguNa zuklA 10mI ravivAra ke dina penugoMDa ke jina mandira meM samApta kI hai / kavi kA samaya IsA kI 15vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha hai /

Page #536
502 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa bhAga 2 bha0 kamala kIrti yaha kASThAsaMgha mAthuragaccha aura puSkaragaNa ke vidvAna bhaTTAraka amalakIti ke paTTadhara the| unakI guru paramparA kSemakIrti, hemakIrti amalakoti kamalakIrti yaha paramparA saM0 1525 ke gvAliyara ke mUrti lekha meM pAI jAtI hai / isI samvat ke dUsare lekha meM, amalakIrti ke bAda saMyamakIrti kA nAma milatA hai| kamalakIrti kepaTTa para sonA gira meM zabhacandra pratiSThita hae the / isakA ullekha kavi raidha ne kiyA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki gvAliyara kA eka paTTa sonA gira meM thA, aura usa para kamalakIrti pratiSThita the / unhIM ke paTTa para zubhacandrapratiSThitahue the / ataH ye saba bhaTTAraka 15vIM zatAbdI vidyamAnameM rahe haiN| kamalakitti uttamakhamaSArau, bhvvaabhvmbhonnihitaar| tassa paTTakaNayaTTipariThiu, siri suhacanda su tava ukkaMTThiu / harivaMzapurANa, prAdi pra0 jiNasutta prattha pralahataeNa sirikamalakiti pysevenn| siri kaMjakitti paTaMTavarasu, taccatya satthabhAsaNadi Nesa / uiNa micchattatamohaNAsu, suhacanda bhaDArau sujasa vaasu| hari0 antima pra0 kamalakIrti kI ekamAtra racanA 'tatvasAra' TIkA hai| yaha devasena ke tatvasAra kI TIkA hai jise kamala kIti ne kAyastha mAtharAnvaya meM agraNI amarasiMha ke mAnasa rUpI aravinda ko vikasita karane ke lie dinakara (sUrya) svarUpa isa TIkA kI racanA kI hai arthAt yaha TIkA unake lie likhI gaI hai| prastuta kamalakIrti vahIM haiM jina kA ullekha kavi raidhU ne harivaMza purANa meM kiyA hai aura jisakA ullekha saM0 1525 ke kavi raidhU dvArA pratiSThita mUti lekha meM huA hai / ataH inakA samaya 15vIM zatAbdI kA uttAra jAna par3atA hai| kavi candrasena inhoMne apanA paricaya dene kI koI kRpA nahIM kii| kavi kI ekamAtra laghu kRti apabhraMza bhASA kI 10 padyAtmaka 'jayamAlA' upalabdha hai jisameM siddhacakra vrata ke mAhAtmya ko khyApita kiyA gayA hai aura batalAyA hai ki siddhacakra vrata kA mana meM acchI taraha cintana karane se vyakti ke jvara, kSaya, gaMDamAlA, kuSTa zUla Adi roga naSTa ho jAte haiM tathA siddhacakra kA smaraNa karane vAle vyakti ke sabhI bandhana, caurAdika kA bhaya aura vipadAeM vinaSTa ho jAtI haiM / parantu isakA smaraNa bhAvAtmaka aura nizcala honA cAhiye / pattA-iya vara jayamAlA paramarasAlA vidhuseNena vi kahiya thuhiM / jo paDhai paDhAvai niya maNibhAvai soNaru pAvai siddha suham // kavi ne jayamAlA kA racanAkAla nahIM diyaa| para lagatAhai ki kavi ko yaha racanA 15vIM zatAbdI ke lagabhaga hogii| kavi govinda inakI jAti agravAla aura gotra 'garga' thaa| inake pitA kA nAma sAhu hIgA aura mAtA kA nAma padmazrI thaa| yaha jinazAsana ke bhakta the| yaha saMskRta bhASA ke acche vidvAna the| inakI ekamAtra kRti 'puruSArthAnuzAsana' hai| grantha meM ullekha hai ki mAthara kAyasthoM ke vaMza meM khetala hamrA jo bandhuloka rUpI tArAgaNoM se candramA ke samAna prakAzamAna thaa| khetala ke ratipAla nAma kA putra humA, ratipAla ke gadAdhara aura gadAdhara ke amarasiMha aura amarasiha ke lakSmaNa nAma kA putra hamA, jisakI grantha prazasti meM bar3I prazaMsA ko gaI hai| amarasiMha muhammada bAdazAha ke dvArA adhikAriyoM meM sammilita hokara pradhAnatA ko pAkara ke bhI garva ko prApta nahIM hmaa| vaha prakRtitaH

Page #537
503 15vIM 16vIM 17vI aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi udAra thA / kAyastha jAti meM aura bhI aneka vidvAna hue haiM jinhoMne jainadharma ko apanAkara apanA kalyANa kiyA hai / pora kitane hI acche kavi hue haiM jinakI sundara evaM gaMbhIra racanAoM se sAhitya vibhUSita hai| kitane hI lekhaka hue haiM / kavi ne yaha graMtha amarasiMha ke putra lakSmaNa ke nAmAMkita kiyA hai kyoMki vaha inhIM kI satpreraNAdi ko pAkara granthakAra usake banAne meM samartha huA hai| prazasti meM kahIM para bhI racanAkAla diyA huA nahIM hai, jisase kavi kA samaya nizcita kiyA jaataa| hAM, prazasti meM kavi ne apane se pUrvavartI kaviyoM kA smaraNa jarUra kiyA gayA hai, jinameM samantabhadra, bhaTTa akalaMka, pUjyapAda (devanandI) jinasena, raviSeNa, guNabhadra vaTTa kera, zivakoTi, kundakundAcArya, umAsvAti, somadeva, vIranandI dhanaMjaya, asaga, haricandra jayasena aura amitagati (dvitiiy)| ina nAmoM meM haricandra aura jayasena 11vIM aura 13vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna haiN| kintu isa prazasti meM malayakIrti aura kamalakIrti nAma ke vidvAna bhaTTAraka kA bhI ullekha hai, jinakA samaya vikrama kI 15vIM zatAbdI hai / ataH yaha racanA bhI 15vIM zatAbdI kI jAna par3atI hai| kavi koTIzvara inake pitA tammaNaseTTi tuludezAntargata baidUra rAjya ke senApati the / inakI mAtA kA nAma rAmaka, bar3e bhAI kA nAma someza aura choTe bhAI kA nAma durga thaa| saMgItapura ke nagara seTha 'kAmaseNahI' inakA jAmAtA thaa| zravaNa belagula ke paNDita yogI ke ziSya prabhAcandra inake guru the| saMgItapura ke nemijinendra inake ipTadeva the aura saMgItapara ke rAjA saMgama inake Azraya dAtA the| inhI ke Adeza se kavi koTIzvara ne jIvandhara SaTpadI, nAma ke grantha kI racanA kI thii| bilagi tAlluke ke eka zilAlekha se jJAta hotA hai ki zrutakIti saMgama ke guru the aura inhI va tikIti kI ziSya paramparA meM 'karnATaka zabdAnuzAsana' ke kartA bhaTTAkalaMka (1604) pAMcaveM the / koTIzvara ne jIbandhara SaT padI meM apane pUrvavartI guruoM kI stuti vijayakIti ke ziSya zrutakIti paryanta kI hai / isase koTIzvara kA samaya I0 san 1501 ke lagabhaga jAna par3atA hai| jIvaMdharaSaT padI kI eka hI apUrNa prati prApta huI hai, jisameM adhyAya ke aura dazaveM adhyAya 116 padya diye dae haiN| isake maMgalAcaraNa meM kavi ne koNDakunda, samantabhadra, paMDita muni, dharmabhUSaNa, bhaTTAkalaMka, devakIti, munibhadra, vijaya kIrti, lalitakIti aura zrutakIrti Adi gurunoM kA stavana kiyA hai| ___ aura pUrvavartI kaviyoM meM janna, nemicandra, honna, haMparasa, aggala, ranna, guNavarma auranAgavarma kA smaraNa kiyA hai| kavi kA samaya IsA kI 15vIM zatAbdI kA upAntya aura vikrama saM0 1578, solahavIM kA uttarArddha hai| paMDita khetA paMDita khetA ne apanA koI paricaya aMkita nahIM kiyA / maura na apanI guru paramparA kA hI ullekha kiyA hai| inakI eka mAtra kRti 'samyaktva kaumudI' hai, jo tIna hajAra zlokoM ke pramANa ko lie hue hai| isa grantha kI yaha prati saM0 1666 kI mAgha vadi 5 guruvAra ke dina jahAMgIra bAdazAha ke rAjya meM zrIpatha (vayAnA) meM likhI gayI vaha prati saM0 1689 jyeSTha kRSNA 13 ko zubha dina meM zAhajahAM ke rAjya meM kASThAsaMgha mAthura gaccha puSkaragaNa samAcAryAnvaya ke bhaTTAraka guNacandra, sakalacandra, mahendrasena ke ziSya paM0 bhagavatI dAsa ko zvetAmbara rupacandra ke pAsa se prApta huI thI, jo aba nayAmaMdira dillI ke zAstra bhaMDAra meM surakSita hai| racanA sarala hai, usakI bhASA Adi se 15vIM-16vIM zatAbdI kI kRti jAna par3atI / graMtha aprakAzita hai, prakAzana kI vATa joharahA hai|

Page #538
504 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 bhaTTAraka jJAnabhUSaNa jJAna bhUpaNa nAma ke cAra vidvAnoM kA ullekha milatA hai unameM tIna jJAna bhUSaNa inake bAda ke vidvAna haiN| prastuta jJAna bhaSaNa malasaMgha sarasvatI gaccha balAtkAragaNa ke bhaTTAraka sakalakIti ko paramparA meM hone vAle bha0 bhavanakoti ke paTTadhara the / yaha saMskRta bhASA ke acche vidvAna aura kavi the| gujarAta ke nivAsI the, ataeva gujarAtI bhASA para inakA adhikAra honA svAbhAvika haiN| yaha sAgavAr3A gaddI ke bhaTTAraka the / yaha saM0 1531 meM bhuvanakIti ke paTaTa para pratiSThita hae the| aura ve usa para 1557 taka avasthita rahe haiN| pazcAta unhoMne svayaM vijayakIrti ko apane pada para pratiSThita kara bhaTTAraka pada se nivRtti le lo| bhaTTAraka pada para rahate hue unhoMne aneka mUrtiyoM kI pratiSThA kraaii| gujarAta meM inhone sAgarAdharma praura AbhIra deza meM zrAvaka kI ekAdaza pratimAnoM ko dhAraNa kiyA thaa| aura vAgvara (vAgar3a) deza meM paMcamahAvrata dhAraNa kiye the| inhoMne bhaTTAraka pada para AsIna hokara AbhIra, vAgaDa taulaba telaMga. draviNa, mahArASTa aura dakSiNa prAnta ke nagaroM aura grAmoM meM vihAra hI nahIM kiyA, kintu unheM sambodhita kiyA aura sanmArga meM lagAyA thaa| draviNa deza ke vidvAnoM ne inakA stavana kiyA thA, aura saurASTra dezavAsI dhanI zrAvakoM ne unakA mahotsava kiyA thA unhoMne kevala ukta dezoM meM hI dharma kA pracAra nahIM kiyA thA kintu uttarapradeza meM bhI jahA~ tahA~ vihAra kara dharma mArga kI vimala dhArA bahAI thii| jahA~ yaha vidvAna aura kavi the, vahA~ UMce darje ke pratiSThAcArya bhI the| Apa ke dvArA pratiSThita mUrtiyA~ Aja bhI upalabdha haiN| inhoMne bhaTTAraka pada para pratiSThita hote hI sa0 1531 meM DUgarapura meM sahasrakUTa caityAlaya kI pratiSThA kA sacAlana kiyaa| sa0 1534 ko pratiSThiApata matiyA~ kitane hI sthAnoM para milatI haiN| saM0 1535 meM udayapura meM pratiSThA kArya sampanna kiyaa| saM0 1540 meM haMbar3a zrAvaka lAkhA aura usake parivAra ne inhI ke upadeza se AdinAtha kI pratimA kI pratiSThA karavAI thii| ___ RSabhadeva ke yaza:koti bhaNDAra ko paTTAvalI se jJAta hotA hai ki jJAna bhUpaNa pahale bha0 vimalendra ke ziSya the| aura inake sage bhAI evaM guru bhrAtA jJAnakIrti the| yaha golAlArIya jAti ke zrAvaka the| saM0 1535 meM sAgavAr3A aura nogAma meM mahotsava eka hI sAtha Ayojita hone se do bhaTTAraka paramparAeM sthApita ho gii| sAgaravAr3A kI pratiSThA ke saMcAlaka the bha0 jJAnabhUSaNa / aura nogAma kI pratiSThA ke saMcAlaka the jJAnakoti / jJAnabhUSaNa baDasAjanoM ke bhaTTAraka mAne jAne lage aura jJAnakIrti lohaDa sAjanoM ke bha. kahalAne lge| bAda meM yaha bheda samApta hayA aura bha0 jJAna bhUSaNa ne bhuvana kIrti ko guru mAnanA svIkAra kiyaa| bha0 jJAna bhUSaNa apane samaya ke acche pratibhA sampanna bhaTTAraka the| DA. kastUracanda kAsalI vAla ne dvitIya jJAnabhUSaNa kI racanAoM ko prathama jJAnabhUSaNa kI racanAe~ mAna liyA hai| jo ThIka nahIM haiN| siddhAntasAra bhASya, poSaharAsa, jalagAlanarAsa Adi racanAe~ dvitIya jJAnabhUSaNa kI haiN| jo lakSmIcanda vIracanda ke ziSya the| aura sUrata kI gaddI ke saMsthApaka bha. devendra kIrti ke paramparA ke vidvAna ye| sabase pahale paM0 nAthurAma jI premI ne siddhAntasAra bhASya ko prathama jJAna bhUSaNa ko kRti mAnA thaa| DA0 e0 ena0 upAdhyAya ne kArtikeyANaprekSA kI prastAvanA pR0 80 para siddhAntasAra bhASya ko inhIM jJAna bhUSaNa kI kRti likhA hai jo ThIka nahIM jAna pdd'taa| 1. vikhyAto bhuvanAdi kIti muniyaH zrI mUlasaMghe'bhavat / tatpa? jani bodhabhUSaNa muniH svAtmasvarUpe rataH / jAtA prIti ratIvatasya mahanA kalyANakeSu prabhostenedaM vihitaM tato jinapaterAdyasya savarNaNaM // AdinAtha phAga pra0 2. zubha candra gurvAvalI 3. dekho, rAjasthAna ke jaina saMta, pR054-55 4. dekho, siddhAntasArAdi saMgraha kI bhUmikA pR06

Page #539
15vIM, 16vIM, 17vIM aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi 505 racanAeM prathama jJAnabhUSaNa kI nimna racanAe~ upalabdha haiM-pUjApTaka TIkA, tatvajJAnataraMgiNI svopajJavRtti sahita mAdinAtha phAga, neminirvANa paMjikA, paramArthadeza, sarasvatI stavana / ina saba racanAtroM meM pUjASTaka TIkA sabase pahalI kRti jAna par3atI hai ; kyoMki kavi ne use muni avasthA meM vi0 saM0 1528 meM Dugarapura ke prAdinAtha caityAlaya meM ba yaha jJAnabhUSaNa kI svayaM racita pUjAmoM kI svopajJa TIkA hai| yaha daza adhikAroM meM vibhAjita hai / isakI eka likhita prati sambhavanAtha mandira udayapUra ke zAstra bhaNDAra meM upalabdha hai| usameM pUjApTaka TIkA kA nAma 'vidvajjanavallabhA' batalAyA hai| tatvajJAnataraMgiNI svopajJaTIkA sahita yaha grantha 18 adhyAyoM meM vibhakta haiN| isameM zuddha cidra pa kA acchA kathana diyA huA hai| grantha adhyAtma rasa hai / grantha rocaka aura mumukSutroM ke liye upayogI haiM / isa grantha kI racanA kavi ne usa samaya kI hai jaba ve bhaTTAraka pada se niHzalya ho gaye the| usa samaya dhyAna aura adhyayana do hI kArya mukhya raha gaye the| yaha gratha hindI artha ke sAtha prakAzita ho cakA hai| pAThakoM kI jAnakArI ke liye usake kucha padya hindI bhAvArtha ke sAtha diye jAte haiM svakIye zuddhacindrape saciryA nizcayena tat / saharzanaM mataM 'tajjJa: karmandhana hatAzanam // 8-12 jisakI zuddha cidra pa: meM ruci hotI hai use tatvajJAniyoM ne nizca ra samyagdarzana batalAyA hai, vaha samyagdarzana kama IMdhana ke jalAne ke liye agni ke samAna hai| maiM zubha caitanya svarUpa hUM aisA smaraNa karate hI zubhAzubha karma na jAne kahA~ cale jAte haiM / cetana acetana parigraha aura rAgAdi bikAra ho vilIna ho jAte haiN| yaha maiM nahIM jaantaa| kva yAMti karmANi zubhA zubhAni kva yAMti saMgAzcidacitsvarUpaH / kva yAnti rAgAdaya eva zuddha cidra pakohaM smaraNe na vidmaH // 8-2 isa zuddha cidrUpa kI prApti ke lie jJAnI jana nispRha hokara sampUrNa parigraha kA tyAga kara ekAnta parvatoM kI guphAoM meM nivAsa karate haiN| saMgaM vimucya vijane vasaMti giri ghvre| zaddha cida pa samprAptya jJAnino'nyatra niHspRhA // 5-3 he prAtman ! tU usa zuddha cidra pa kA smaraNa kara, jisake smaraNamAtra se zIghra hI karma naSTa ho jAte haiN| taM cidra paM nijAtmAnaM smara zuddha prtikssnnN| yasya smaraNa mAtraNa sadyaH karmakSayo bhavet // 13-2 kavi ne tattvajJAna taragiNI kI racanA saM0 1560 (san 1503) meM banAkara samApta kI hai| aadinaath kaal yaha grantha 561 zlokoM kI saMkhyA ko lie hue hai, jisameM 226 padya saMskRta bhASA ke haiM aura 262 padya hindI bhASA ke haiM / ina saba ko milA kara grantha kI 561 zloka pramANa saMkhyA pAtI hai| sameiva navona SaTzahamitAna (561) zlokAnvivudhyA'nnava / zuddhaM ye sudhiyaH paThanti savahaM te pAThayantvAvarAt // " 1. iti bhaTTAraka zrI bhuvanakIrti ziSya muni jJAnabhUSaNa viracitAyAM svakRtASTaka dazaka TIkAyAM bidvajjana vallabhA saMjJAyAM nandIzvara dvIpajinAlayAcaMna varNanIya nAmA dshmo'dhikaarH||

Page #540
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 imameM bhagavAna Adi nAtha kI jIvana gAthA aMkita hai| unake janma, janmAbhiSeka, vAlya lIlA rAjya pada aura tapasvI jIvana kA mundara evaM saMkSipta paricaya diyA hai| hindI padyoM meM jina para gujarAtI bhASA kA prabhAva aMkita hai, unhI maMskRta padyoM kA bhAva diyA hayA hai| DA. premasAgara ne hindI jaina bhakti kAvya aura kavi meM isa grantha kA racanA kAla saM0 1551 diyA hai, jo kisI bhUla kA pariNAma hai| unhoMne 561 padya saMkhyA ko phuTanoTa meM diyA hai| vaha nirmANa sUcaka padya nahIM hai, kintu padya saMkhyA kI sUcanA detA hai| yadi prati meM usakA racanA kAla unheM milA hai to usakA pramANa denA cAhie thA, para nahIM diyA, yaha racanA samaya galata hai| nemi nirvANa paMjikA isameM vAgbhaTa ke nemi nirvANa mahAkAvya ke viSama padoM kA artha spaSTa kiyA hai / kahIM-kahIM yamaka Adi ke gUDha sthalo ke udghATana karane kA bhI prayatna kiyA hai / paMjikA upayogI hai usakA magala padya nimna prakAra hai : dhatvA nemIzvaraM citte labdhAnantacataSTayaM / kuhaM neminirvANa mahAkAvyasya paMjikA // zrI nAbhisUno: yugAdidevasya prathayaMtu vistArayaMtu / samaM yugapat / vistRtAH, adhaH patitAH, maNIyitaM maNibhiriva caritaM / yaH padapadmayugmanaravaiH / / iti bhaTTAraka zrI jJAnabhUpaNa viracitAyAM mahAkAvya paMjikAyAM prathama sargaH // 1 // nemi nirvANa ke sAtave sarga meM raivataka (giranAra) parvata kA bar3A sundara varNana AryA, vindyamAlA mAdi 44 chandoM meM kiyA hai jisa zloka meM chanda kA prayoga kiyA hai usakA nAma bhI padya meM akita dvayarthaka padyoM ke artha ko spaSTa kiyA hai: munigaNa sevyA guruNA muktAryA jayati sA mutra / caraNamatamakhilameva sphuratitarAM lakSaNaM yasyAH // 7-2 isakI paMjikA nimna prakAra hai: " 'munigaNa sevyA munigaNo bhadantasamUhaH sevyo lakSaNayA pUjyo namaskaraNIyo vayasyAH sa tathoktAH, pakSe saptagaNa sevyA / guruNA guru dIkSA guruH zikSA gururvaratena, pakSe ekena dIrghAkSareNa / prAryA, prAyikA, pakSe prAryA nAma chandaH / pramutra pratra raivatakAcale pakSe asminsa / caraNagatehe cAritrAzritam pakSe pAdAzritam / yasyAH prAyikAyAH pakSe prAryasyAH // " dillI dharmapurA maMdira ke zAstra bhaMDAra meM isa paMjikA kI prati upalabdha hai| paramArthopadeza-yaha grantha sUciyoM meM darja haiM / para maine use dekhA nahIM hai, isaliye usakA paricaya zakya nahIM hai / sarasvatI stavana-choTA sA stotra hai, jisameM sarasvatI kA stavana kiyA hai, yaha stotra anekAnta meM prakAzita -samvodhana nAma kA grantha bhI batAyA jAtA hai, para usake dekhe binA usake sambandha meM kucha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| inhIM jJAnabhUSaNa ke upadeza se nAgacandrasUri ne viSApahAra aura ekIbhAva stotra kI TIkA kI hai| inakA samaya 1520 se 1560 taka hai / isake bAda inakA koi vizeSa paricaya mujhe jJAta nahI hosakA / inakI mRtyu kahAM aura kaba huI yaha bhI jJAta nahIM ho skaa| kavi dAmodara yaha mUlasaMgha sarasvati gaccha aura balAtkAra gaNa ke bhaTTAraka prabhAcandra, padmanandI, zubhacandra aura jina candra ke ziSya the| bhaTTAraka jinacandra dillI paTTa ke paTTadhara the| usa samaya ke prabhAvazAlI bhaTTAraka the, prAkRta saMskRta ke vidvAna aura pratiSThAcArya the| Apake dvArA pratiSThita mUrtiyAM bhArata ke prAyaH sabhI mandiro meM pAI

Page #541
15vIM, 16vI, 17voM aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi 507 jAtI haiN| yaha saM0 1507 meM bhaTTAraka pada para pratiSThita hae the aura paTTAvalI ke anusAra usa para 62 varSa taka pravasthita honA likhA hai| inake aneka ziSya the, unameM paMDita medhAvI aura kavi dAmodara Adi haiN| kavi dAmodara kI isa samaya do kRtiyA~ prApta haiM-siripAla cariu aura cndpphcriu| ina granthoM ko prazasti meM kavi ne apanA koI paricaya aMkita nahIM kiyaa| siripAla cariu isa grantha meM cAra saMdhiyA~ haiN| jinameM siddhacakra ke mAhAtmya kA ullekha karate hue usakA phala prApta karane vAle rAjA zrIpAla pIra manAsundarI kA jIvana paricaya diyA huA hai / siddhacakravrata ke mAhAtmya se zrIpAla kA aura unake sAta sau sAthiyoM kA kuSTha roga dUra huA thA / grantha meM racanA samaya nahIM diyA, isame usakA nizcita samaya batalAnA kaThina hai| caMdappaha cariu yaha graMtha nAgIra ke zAstrabhaMDAra meM upalabdha hai, para grantha dekhane ko abhI taka prApta nahIM ho sakA. isa kAraNa yahAM usakA paricaya nahIM diyA jA sakA / grantha meM AThaveM tIrthakara kI jIvana-gAthA aMkita kI gaI hai| kavi kA samaya vikrama kI 16vIM zatAbdI hai / kavi kI anya kyA kRtiyAM hai, yaha anveSaNIya hai| nAgacandra yaha mUlasaMgha dezIyagaNa pustaka gaccha-panasoge ke jo tUlU yA taulavavadeza meM thA, bhaTTAraka lalitakIti ke pragra ziSya aura devacanda munIndra ke ziSya the| karNATaka ke viprakUla meM utpanna hA the| inakA gotra zrIvatsa thA, pArzvanAtha aura gumaTAmbA ke pUtra the| inhoM ne dhanajaya kavikRta vipApahArastotra kI saMskRta TIkA kI prazasti meM apane ko pravAdigaja kezarI aura nAgacandra sUri prakaTa kiyA hai / vipApahArastotra TIkA bAgaDa deza ke maNDalAcArya jJAnabhUSaNa ke anurodha se banAI hai ___ "bAgaDa deza maMDalAcArya jJAnabhUSaNa devaimuhamahuruparaddhaH kArNAdirAjasabhe prasiddhaH pravAdigaja kezarI viruda kavimada vidArI saddarzana jJAnadhArI nAgacandrasUri dhanaMjayasUribhihimArtha vyaktIkattuM zaknuvannapi guruvacana malaMghanIyamiti nyAyena tadabhiprAyaM vivarItuM prtijaaniite|" (vipA0 stotra pu0 vAkya) yaha jaina dharmAnuyAyI the| inhoMne lalitakIrti ke zipya devacandra munIndra kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai : iya mahanmata kSIra pArAvAra pArvaNa zazAMkasya mUlasaMgha dezIya gaNa pustaka gaccha yanazokAvalo tilakAlaM kArasya taulavadeza pavitrIkaraNaprabala zrIlalitakIti bhaTTArakasyAgraziSya gaNa vahaNa poSaNa sakala zAstrAdhyayana pratiSThA yAtrAdyupadezAnUna dharmaprabhAvanA dhurINa devacandra munIndra caraNa nakha kiraNa caMdrikA cakorAyamANena karNATa viprakulottasa zrIvatsagotra pavitra pArzvanAtha gumaTAnvAtanujena pravAdigajakezariNA nAgacandrasUriNA viSApahAra stotrasya kRtA vyAkhyA kalpAMta tattva bodhAyeti bhdr|" viSApahAra stotra kI yaha TIkA upalabdha TIkAmoM meM sabase acchI hai| stotra ke pratyeka padya kA artha spaSTa kiyA hai / kahA jAtA hai ki inhoMne paMca stotroM para TIkA likhI hai| kintu vaha mujhe upalabdha nahIM huii| hAM 1. bhaTTAraka lalita kIrti kAvya nyAya vyAkaraNAdi zAstro ke acche vidvAna evaM prabhAvazAlI bhaTTAraka the / unake ziSya the kalyANa kIti, devakIti aura nAgacandra aadi| inhoMne kArakala meM bhararasa rAjA vIrapANDya dvArA nirmApita 41 phuTa 5 iMca uttuMga bAhubalI kI vizAla mUrti kI pratiSThA zaka saM0 1353 (vi0 saM0 1488) meM sthira lagna meM karAI thii| inake bAda kArakala kI isa bhaTTArakIya gaddI para jo bhI bhaTTAraka pratiSThita hotA rahA vaha lalita kIrti nAma se ullekhita kiyA jAtA hai|

Page #542
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 ekIbhAvastotra' kI TIkA jarUra upalabdha huI hai, usakI kApI jayapura ke bhaMDAra kI prati para se maiMne san 44 maM kI tho jo mere pAsa hai / usakI utthAnikA meM likhA hai bhaTTAraka jJAnabhUSaNa ke uparodha se maine yaha TIkA bhavyoM ke zIghra sukha bodha ke liye chAyAmAtra likhI hai / 'cAsyAti gahana gaMbhIrasya sukhAvabodhArthaM bhavyAzujipTakSApArataMtrajJAnabhUSaNa bhaTTArakeruparuddhau nAgacandra sUri yathAzakti chAyAmAtramidaM nibaMdhanamabhidhatte / ' ina TIkoM ke pratirikta nAgacandra kI anya kisI kRti kA ullekha mere dekhane meM nahIM zrAyA / inakA samaya 16vIM zatAbdI hai / kyoMki nAgacandra ne bha0 jJAnabhUSaNa kA ullekha kiyA hai, aura jJAnabhUSaNa ne saM0 1560 meM tattvajJAnataraMgiNI kI TIkA samApta kI hai| ataeva nAgacandra kA samaya bhI 16vIM zatAbdI sunizcita hai / zrabhinava samantabhadra 508 abhinava samantabhadra muni ke upadeza se yojana zreSThI ke banavAye hue nemIzvara caityAlaya ke sAmane kAMsI kA eka mAnastambha sthApita huA thaa| jisakA ullekha zimogA jilAntargata nagara tAlluke ke zilAlekha naM055 meM milatA hai' / yaha zilAlekha tulu, koMkaNa Adi dezoM ke rAjA devarAya ke samaya kA hai, aura isa kAraNa mi0 Devisa rAisa sAhaba ne inakA samaya I0 san 1560 ke karIba batalAyA hai / bhaTTAraka guraNabhava guNabhadra nAma ke aneka vidvAna ho gae haiN| parantu yaha unase bhinna jAna par3ate haiN| yaha kASThAsagha mAthu - rAnvaya ke bhaTTAraka malaya kIrti ke ziSya aura bha0 yazaHkIrti ke praziSya the / aura malayakIrti ke bAda unake paTTa para pratiSThita hue the| yaha pratiSThAcArya bhI the, inake dvArA aneka mUrtiyoM kI pratiSThA sampanna huI hai| inhoMne apane vihAra dvArA jinadharma kA upadeza dekara janatA ko dharma meM sthira kiyA hai, aura usake pracAra evaM prasAra meM sahayoga diyA hai / inake upadeza se aneka granthoM kI pratilipiyA~ kI gaI haiN| inakI banAI huI nimna 15 kathAeM upalabdha hai / 1 savaNavArasi kahA 2 pakkhavai kahA 3 prAyAsa paMcamI kahA 4 caMdAyaNavaya kahA 5 caMdaNachaThThI kahA 6 dugdhArasa kahA, 7 Niddaha sattamI kahA 8 mauDasattamI kahA 6 pupphaMjali kahA 10 rayaNattaya kahA 19 dahalakkhaNavaya kahA 12 aNaMtavaya kahA 13 laddhivihANa kahA 14 solaha kAraNa kahA 15 aura suyadhadazamI kahA / bha0 guNabhadra saMbhavataH 1500 meM yA usake kucha varSa bAda bha0 paTTa para pratiSThita ho gaye the| kyoMki saM0 1510 meM pratilipi kI gaI samayasAra kI prazasti gvAliyara ke DUMgarasiMha rAjya kAla meM bha0 guNabhadra kI grAmnAya meM agravAla vaMzI gagaM gotrIya sAhu jinadAsa ne likhavAI thI / isa kavi guNabhadra kA samaya vikrama kI 16vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha hai / guNabhadra ne ukta vrata kathAnoM meM vrata kA svarUpa, unake AcaraNa kI vidhi aura phala kA pratipAdana karate hue vrata kI mahattA para acchA prakAza DAlA | Atma-zodhana ke lie vratoM kI nitAnta AvazyakatA hai; kyoMki prAtma zuddhi ke binA hita sAdhana sambhava nahIM hai / ina kathAoMoM meM se zrAvaNa dvAdazI kathA aura labdhi vidhAna kathA ye do kathAeM gvAliyara nivAsI saMghapati sAhU uddharaNa ke jinamandira meM nivAsa karate hue sAhu sAraMgadeva ke putra devadAsa kI preraNA se racI gaI hai| aura dazalakSaNa vratakathA, ananta vrata kathA aura puSpAMjali vratakathA ye tInoM kathAeM jaisavAlavaMzI caudharI lakSmaNasiMha ke putra paNDita bhImasena ke anurodha se banAI haiN| aura naraka utArI duddhArasa kathA bIdhU ke putra sahaNapAla ke lie banAI gaI / zeSa 8 kathAeM kavi ne kisakI pra eraNA se banAI, yaha kucha jJAta nahIM ho sakA / ve dhArmika bhAvanA se prerita ho racI gaI jAna par3atI haiM / kavi kI anya kyA racanAe~ hai yaha anveSaNIya hai / brahma zra utasAgara mRlasaMgha sarasvatI gaccha aura balAtkAragaNa ke vidvAna the| inake guru kA nAma vidyAnandi thA jo bhaTTAraka 1. dekho, dAnavIra maNikacandra pR0 30

Page #543
15vIM 16vIM 17vIM aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke prAcArya bhaTTAraka aura kavi 506 hue the I padmanandi ke praziSya aura devendra kIrti ke ziSya the| aura devendrakorti ke bAda ye sUrata ke paTTa para prAsIna vidyAnandI ke bAda usa paTTa para kramazaH mallibhUSaNa aura lakSmIcandra pratiSThita hue the| inameM mallibhUSaNa guru zrutasAgara ko parama prAdaraNIya guru bhAI mAnate the aura inakI preraNA se zrutasAgara ne kitane hI granthoM kA nirmANa kiyA hai| ye saba sUrata kI gaddI ke bhaTTAraka haiM / isa gaddI kI paramparA bha0 padmanandI ke bAda devendra kIrti se prArambha huI jAna par3atI hai| brahmazrutasAgara bhaTTAraka pada para pratiSThita nahIM hue the, kintu ve jIvana paryanta deza vratI hI rahe jAna par3ate haiM / zrutasAgara ne granthoM ke puSpikA vAkyoM meM apane ko 'kalikAla sarvajJa, vyAkaraNa kamalamArtaNDa, tArkika ziromaNi, paramAgama pravINa, navanavati mahAvAdi vijetA Adi vizeSaNoM ke sAtha, tarka- vyAkaraNa- chanda alaMkArasiddhAnta aura sAhityAdi zAstroM meM nipuNamatI batalAyA hai jisase unakI pratibhA aura vidvattA kA anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai / yazastilaka candrikA kI puSpikA se jJAta hotA hai ki zrutasAgara ne 66 vAdiyoM ko vijita kiyA thA / jahAM ye vidvAna TIkAkAra the, vahA~ ve kaTTara digambara aura asahiSNu bhI the / yadyapi anya vidvAnoM ne bhI dUsare matoM kA khaNDana eva virodha kiyA hai, para unhoMne kahIM apazabdoM kA prayoga nahIM kiyA / kintu zrutasAgara ne unakA khaNDana karate hue apriya apazabdoM kA prayoga kiyA hai, jo samucita pratIta nahIM hote / mUlasaMgha ke vidvAnoM, bhaTTArakoM meM vikrama kI 13vIM zatAbdI se prAcAra meM zithilatA bar3hane lagI thI, aura zrutasAgara ke samaya taka to usameM paryApta vRddhi ho cukI thii| isI kAraNa zrutasAgara ke TIkA granthoM meM mUla paramparA ke viruddha katipaya bAteM zithilAcAra kI poSaka upalabdha hotI haiM, jaise tattvArthasUtra ke 'saMyama zruta pratisevanA' Adi sUtra kI tattvArthavRtti (zrutasAgarI TIkA ) meM dravya liMgI muni ko kambalAdi grahaNa karane kA vidhAna kiyA hai / mUla sUtrakAra kA aisA abhiprAya nahIM hai / samaya vicAra brahmazrutasAgara ne apanI kRtiyoM meM unakA racanA kAla nahIM diyA jisase yaha nizcita karanA zakya nahIM hai ki unhoMne granthoM kI racanA kisa krama se kI hai| para yaha nizcayataH kahA jA sakatA hai ki ve vikrama kI 16vI zatAbdA ke vidvAna haiM / ve solahavIM zatAbdI ke prathama caraNa se lekara tRtIya caraNa ke vidvAna rahe haiM / inake guru bhaTTAraka vidyAnandI ke vi0 saM0 1466 se 1523 taka aise mUrtilekha pAye jAte haiM jinakI pratiSThA bha0 vidyAnandI ne svayaM kI hai athavA jinameM bha0 vidyAnandI ke upadeza se pratiSThita hone kA samullekha pAyA jAtA hai aura mallibhUSaNa guru vi0 samvata 1544 taka yA usake kucha samaya bAda taka paTTa para AsIna rahe haiM aisA sUrata Adi ke matilekhoM se spaSTa jAnA jAtA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki vidyAnandI ke priya ziSya brahmazrutasAgara kA bhI yahI samaya hai / kyoMki vaha vidyAnandI ke pradhAna ziSya the| dUsarA AdhAra unakA vrata kathA koSa hai, jise maiMne dehalI paMcAyatI mandira ke zAstra bhaNDAra meM dekhA thA, aura usakI Adi anta prazastiyAM bhI noTa kI thii| unameM 20vIM 'palyavidhAna kathA' kI prazasti meM IDara ke rAThaura rAjAbhAnu prathavA rAvabhANU jI kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai aura likhA hai| ki- 'bhAnubhUpati kI bhujA rUpI talavAra ke jala pravAha meM zatru kula kA vistRta prabhAva nimagna ho jAtA thA, aura unakA maMtrI hubaDa kulabhUSaNa bhojarAja thA, usakI patnI kA nAma vinayadevI thA, jo pratIva pativratA sAdhvI aura jinadeva ke caraNa kamalo kI upAsikA thI / usase cAra putra utpanna hue the, unameM prathama putra karmasiMha, jisakA zarIra bhUri ratnaguNoM se vibhUSita thA aura dUsarA putra kulabhUSaNa thA, jo zatru kula ke lie kAla svarUpa thA, tIsarA 1 1. dekhI, gujarAtImandira sUrata ke mUrtilekha, dAnavIra mANikacandra pR0 53, 54 2. malli bhUSaNa ke dvArA pratiSThita padmAvatI kI saM0 1544 ko eka mUrti, jo sUrata ke baDhe mandira jI meM virAjamAna hai|

Page #544
510 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 patra puNya zAlI thI ghopara, jo saghana pAparUpI girIndra ke lie vana ke samAna thA aura cauthA gaMgA jala ke samAna nirmala mana vAlA gngg| ina cAra putroM ke bAda inakI eka bahina bhI utpanna huI thI, jisakA nAma putalI thA jo aisI jAna par3atI thI ki jinavara ke mukha se nikalI huI sarasvatI ho, athavA dRr3ha samyaktva vAlI revatI ho, zIla vatI sItA ho aura guNaratnarAzi rAjula ho'| zrutasAgara ne svayaM bhojarAja kI isa putrI putalI ke sAtha saMgha sahita gajapantha aura tuGgIgiri Adi kI yAtrA kI thii| aura vahAM usane nitya pUjana kI, tapa kiyA paura saMgha ko dAna diyA thaa| jaisA ki ukta prazasti ke nimna padyoM se spaSTa hai: "zrI bhAnubhUpati bhujAsijalapravAha nirmagnazatrukulajAtatataprabhAvaH / sadbuddhaca huMvRha kule bRhatIla durge zrI bhojarAja iti maMtrivaro babhUva // 44 bhAryAsya sA vinayadevyabhidhAsudhopasodgAravAk kamalakAntamukhI sakhIva / lakSmyAH prabhojinavarasya padAnjabhRgI sAdhvI pativrataguNAmaNivanmahAyA // 45 sAsUta bhUriguNaratnavibhUSitAMgaM zrI karmasiMhamiti putramanUkaratnaM / kAlaM ca zatrukulakAlamanUnapuNyaM zrI ghoSaraM ghanatarAdhagirIndra vajra // 46 gaMgAjalapravilocyamanoniketaM tuyaM ca varyataramaMgajamatra gNgN| jAtA purastavana pattalikA svasaiSAM vaktraSa sajjinavarasya sarasvatIva // 47 samyaktvadADharyakalitA kila revatIva sIteva zIlasalilokSita rAjImatIva subhagA guNaratnarAziH velA sarasvati ivAMcati putalIha // 48 yAtrAM cakAra gajapaMtha giro sasaMghA hya tattapo vidadhatI sdddh'vtaasaa| sacchAntikaM gaNasamarcanamahaMdIza nityArcana sakalasaMgha sadatta dAnam // 46 tugIgirau ca balabhadramuneH padAnjabhRgI tathaiva sukRtaM yatibhizcakAra / zrI mallibhUSaNagurupravaropadezAcchAstraM vyadhAya yadidaM kRtinAM hRdiSTa // 50 -palya vidhAna kathA prazasti ina prazasti padyoM meM ullikhita bhAnubhUpati IDara ke rAThaura vaMzI rAjA the| yaha rAva ke pU~jojI prathama ke putra aura rAvanArAyaNa dAsa jI ke bhAI the, aura unake bAda rAjya pada para AsIna hue the| inake samaya vi0 saM0 1502 meM gujarAta ke bAdazAha muhammada zAha dvitIya ne IDara para car3hAI kI thI, taba unhoMne pahAr3oM meM bhAgakara apanI rakSA kI, bAda meM unhoMne sulaha kara lI thii| phArasI tabArIkhoM meM inakA vIrarAya nAma se ullekha kiyA gayA hai| inake do putra the sUrajamalla aura bhIsaha / rAvabhANa jI ne sa0 1502 se 1522 taka rAjya kiyA hai / inake bAda rAva sUrajamalla jI sa0 1552 meM rAjyAsIna hue the / ukta palla vidhAna kathA kI racanA rAvabhANa jI ke rAjyakAla meM huI hai| isase bhI zrutasAgara kA samaya vikrama ko solahavIM zatAbdI kA dvitIya caraNa nizcita hota zrutasAgara kA svargavAsa kaba aura kahA~ hamA, usakA koI nizcita AdhAra aba taka nahIM milA, isI se unake uttara samaya kI sImA nirdhArita karanA kaThina hai, phira bhI saM0 1582 se pUrva taka usakI sImA jarUra hai aura jisakA AdhAra nimna prakAra hai : thatasAgara ne paM0 pAzAdhara jI ke mahAbhiSeka pATha para eka TIkA likhI hai jisakI sa0 1570 kI likhI haI TIkA kI prati bha0 sonAgira ke bhaMDAra meM maujUda hai / isase yaha TIkA saM0 1570 se pUrva banI hai yaha TokA abhiSaka pATha saMgraha meM prakAzita ho cukI hai| usakI lipi prazasti saM0 1582 kI hai jisase bha0 lakSmIcandra ke ziSya brahmajJAnasAgara ke paThanArtha AryA vimalazrI kI celI aura bha0 lakSmIcandra dvArA dIkSita vinayazrI ne svayaM likhakara 1. dekho, bhArata ke prAcIna rAjavaMza bhA0 3 pR0 426 / 2. saM0 1585 kI likhI huI zrutasAgara kI SaT pAhuDa TIkA kI eka prati Amera ke zAstra bhaMDAra meM upalabdha hai| usakI lipiprazasti merI noTabuka meM uddhRta hai|.

Page #545
15vIM, 16vIM, 17vIM aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya bhaTTAraka aura kavi pradAna kI thii| inake sivAya, brahmanemidatta ne apane ArAdhanA kathA koza, zrIpAla carita, sudarzana carita, rAtribhojana tyAga kathA aura neminAtha purANa Adi granthoM meM zrutasAgara kA prAdarapUrvaka smaraNa kiyA haiN| ina granthoM meM ArAdhanA kathA koza saM0 1575 ke lagabhaga kI racanA hai, aura zrIpAla carita saM0 1585 meM racA gayA hai| zeSa racanAeM isI samaya ke madhya kI yA AsapAsa ke samaya kI jAna par3atI hai| racanAe~ brahma zrutasAgara kI nimna racanAeM upalabdha haiM-1. yazastilaka candrikA 2. tattvArtha vRtti 3. tattva traya prakAzikA. 4. jina sahasra nAma TIkA 5. mahAbhiSeka TIkA 6. paT pAhuDarIkA 7. siddhabhakti TokA 8. siddha cakrASTaka TIkA, 6 vrata kathA koza-jyeSTha jinavara kathA, ravivratakathA, sAta parama sthAna kathA, mukuTa saptamI kathA, akSayanidhi kathA, SoDaza kAraNa kathA, meghamAlAvrata kathA, candana paSThI kathA, labdhividhAna kathA, purandara vidhAna kathA dazalAkSaNI vrata kathA, puSpAMjali vrata kathA, prAkAza pacamI kathA, muktAvali vrata kathA, nirdu kha saptamI kathA, sugaMdhadazamI kathA, thAvaNa dvAdazI kathA, rannatraya vrata kathA, ananta vrata kathA, azoka rohiNI kathA, tapo lakSaNa pakti kathA meru paMkti kathA, vimAna pakti kathA aura palla vidhAna kathA / ina saba kathAmoM ke saMgraha kA nAma vrata kathA kASa hai| yadyapi ina kathAoM meM bhinna-bhinna vyaktiyoM ke anurodha eva upadezAdi dvArA race jAne kA spaSTa ullekha nihita hai| 10 zrIpAla carita 11. yazodhara carita 12. audArya cintAmaNi (prAkRta svopajJavRtti yukta vyAkaraNa) 13. zrata skandha pUjA 14. zrIpArzvanAtha stotram 15. zAntinAtha stutiH / pArzvanAtha stotra 15 padyAtmaka hai, jA anekAnta varSa 12 kiraNa 8 pR0 236 para prakAzita huA hai / yaha jIrA pallipura' meM pratiSThita pAzvanAtha jina kA stavana hai| isa stavana meM pArzvanAtha jina kA pUrA jIvana akita hai| isameM pArzvanAtha ke pitA kA nAma vizvasana batalAyA he, jA kAzI (vArANasI) ke rAjA the| vamiSTo vizvasenaH zatamakha rucitaH kAzi vaaraannsiishH| prAptajyo meru zRge marakata maNi rukpArzvanAtho jinendraH / tasyAbhUstvaM tanUjaH zata zarad citasvApurAnaMdahetu *vyAnAM bhAvyamAno bhavacakitadhiyAM dharmadhuryo dharitryAM // " zAntinAtha stutiH meM nau padya haiM / yaha stavana bhI anekAnta varSa 12 kiraNa 6 pR0 251 meM mudrita huA hai / brahma zrutasAgara kI kaI racanAe~ abhI aprakAzita haiM jinake prakAzana kI vyavasthA honI caahie| brahma nemidatta yaha mUlasaMgha sarasvatIgaccha balAtkAra gaNa ke vidvAna mallibhUSaNa ke ziSya the| inake dIkSA guru bha0 vidyAnandi the, jo sUrata gahI ke saMsthApaka bha0 devendrakIrti ke ziSya the| inhI vidyAnandi ke paTTa para pratiSThita hone vAle mallibhUSaNa guru the, jo samyagdarzana jJAna caritrarUpa ratnatraya se suzobhita the| aura vidyAninda rUpa paTTa ko praphullita karane vAle bhAskara the' / mallibhUSaNa ke dUsare ziSya bha0 siMhanandiguru the, jo mAlavA kI gaddI ke bhaTTAraka the| inakI prArthanA (mAlavAdeza bhaTTAraka zrI sihanandi prArthanA) se zrutasAgara ne yazastilaka campU kI 'candriko' nAma kI TIkA likhI thI aura brahmanemidatta ne neminAtha purANa bhI mallibhUSaNake upadeza se banAyA thA aura vaha unhIM ke nAmAMkita kiyA gayA thaa| brahma nemidatta ke sAtha mUrti lekha meM brahma mahendradatta nAma kA aura ullekha milatA hai / jo nemidatta ke sahapAThI ho sakate haiM / brahmanemidatta saMskRta hindI aura gujarAtI bhASA ke vidvAna the| ApakI saMskRta bhASA ko 10 1. jIrA pallipura prakRSTa mahiyana maukunda sevaanidhe| -pAzrvanAtha stavana

Page #546
512 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 canA upalabdha haiN| ve saba grantha parita purANa aura kathA sambandhI haiN| pUjA sambandhI sAhitya bhI prApakA racA hanA hogaa| aMtarIkSa pArzvanAtha pUjA aApakI likhI huI pAI jAtI hai| prApakA samaya vikrama kI 16vIM zatAbdI kA tatIya caturtha caraNa hai| kyoMki inhoMne pArAdhanA kathAkoza saM0 1575 praura zrIpAla carita saM0 1555 meM banAkara samApta kiyA hai| inakA janmakAla saM01550 yA 1555 ke pAsapAsa kA jAna par3atA hai| racanAe~ (1) pArAdhanA kathA koza (2) rAtribhojana tyAga kathA (3) sudarzana carita (5) zrIpAla carita (5) dharmoM padezapIyUSavarSa zrAvakAcAra (6) neminAtha purANa (7) prItikara mahAmuni carita (8) dhanya kumAra carita (8) neminirmANa kAvya (IDara bhaMDAra) (10) aura antarIkSa pArzvanAtha puujaa| inake atirikta hindI bhASA kI bhI do racanAeM upalabdha haiM / mAlArohiNI (phulla mAla) paura Aditya vratarAsa / ina donoM racanAoM kA paricaya anekAnta varSa 18 kiraNa do pa02para dekhanA cAhie / nemidatta ke ArAdhanA kathA koza ke atirikta anya racanAe~ abhI aprakAzita haiM / racanAeM sAmane nahIM hai / ataH unakA paricaya denA zakya nahIM hai| neminAtha purANa kA hindI anuvAda surata se prakAzita huA hai / para mUla rUpa chapA huA mere avalokana meM nahIM aayaa| ma0 abhinava dharmabhUSaNa dharmabhUSaNa nAma ke aneka vidvAna ho gaye haiN| prastuta dharmabhUSaNa unase bhinna haiN| kyoMki inhone apane ko 'abhinava' 'yati' aura 'prAcArya vizepaNoM ke sAtha ullekhita kiyA hai / yaha mUlasaMgha meM nandisaMdhastha balAtkAragaNa sarasvati gaccha ke vidvAna bhaTTAraka varddhamAna ke ziSya the| vijaya nagara ke dvitIya zilAlekha meM unakI guruparamparA kA ullekha nimna prakAra pAyA jAtA hai-padmanandI, dharmabhUSaNa, amarakIti, dharmabhUSaNa, varddhamAna, aura dharmabhUSaNa' / yaha acche vidvAna vyAkhyAtA aura pratibhAzAlI the| inakA vyaktitva mahAn thaa| vijayanagara kA rAjA devarAya prathama, jo rAjAdhirAja paramezvara kI upAdhi se vibhUSita thA, inake caraNa kamaloM kI pUjA kiyA karatA thaa| rAjAdhirAja paramezvara devarAya, bhUpAla maulilasadaMghri sarojayugmaH / zrIvardhamAna muni vallabha mauDhya mukhya ; zrIdharmabhUSaNa sukhI jayati kSamADhyaH / dazabhaktyAdi mahAzAstra isa rAjA devarAya prathama ko mahArAnI bhImA devI jainadharma ko parama bhakta tho| isane zravaNa belagola ko maMgAyI vasadi meM zAntinAtha kI mUrti pratiSThita karAI thI aura dAna diyA thaa| isakA rAjya san 1418 I. taka vijaya nagara ke ditIya zilAlekha meM jo zaka saM01307 (sana 1385) kA utkoNaM kiyA hanA hai| isase ina dharmabhUSaNa kA samaya IsA kI 14vIM zatAbdI kA uttarArdha pora 15vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha sunizcita hai| isameM mandeha nahIM ki abhinava dharmabhUSaNa prapane samaya ke prasiddha vidvAna the| padmAvatI devo ke zAsana lekha meM inheM bar3A vidvAna aura vaktA prakaTa kiyA hai / yaha muniyoM aura rAjAmoM se pUjita the / 1. "ziSyamtasya gurorAsI dharmabhUSaNa deshkH|" bhaTTAraka muniH zrImAn zalyatraya vivrjitH|| vijaya nagara dvi. zilAlekha / "madaguro varcamAnizo varddhamAna dayAnidheH / zrI gada sneha sambandhAt siddheyaM nyAya dIpikA / / -nyAya dIpikA prazasti 2. vijaya nagara kA dvitIya zilAlekha, jaina si0 bhAskara bhA0 1 kiraNa 41056 3. prazasti saMgraha, jainasiddhAntabhavana mArA pR0 125 / 4. miDiyAvala jainijma pR0 266 /

Page #547
15vIM 16vIM 17vIM aura 16vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya bhaTTAraka aura kavi 513 nyAya dIpiat mApakI ekamAtra kRti 'nyAyadIpikA' hai, jo pratyanta saMkSipta vizada aura mahatvapUrNa kRti hai / yaha jaina nyAya ke prathama abhyAsiyoM ke liye bahuta upayogI hai| isakI bhASA sugama zraura sarala hai / jisase yaha jaldI hI vidyArthiyoM ke kaNTha kA bhUSaNa banajAtI hai| zvetAmbarIya vidvAna upAdhyAya yazovijaya jI ne isake aneka sthaloM ko zrAnupUrvI ke sAtha apanA liyA hai| isameM saMkSepa meM pramANa aura naya kA spaSTa vivecana kiyA gayA hai / isameM tIna prakAza yA pradhyAya - pramAlakSaNa prakAza, pratyakSa prakAza aura parokSaprakAza / inameM se prathama prakAza meM uddezAdi nirdeza ke sAtha pramANasAmAnya kA lakSaNa, saMzaya, viparyaya, anadhyavasAya kA lakSaNa, indriyAdi ko pramANa na ho sakane kA varNana, svataH parataH pramANa kA nirUpaNa, bauddha bhATTa aura prabhAkara tathA naiyAyikoM ke pramANa lakSaNAdi kI AlocanA aura jainamata ke samyagajJAnatva ko pramANasAmAnga kA nirdoSa lakSaNa sthira kiyA hai / dUsare prakAza meM pratyakSa kA svarUpa, lakSaNa, bheda-prabhedAdi kA varNana karate hue pratIndriya pratyakSa kA samarthana kara sarvajJasiddhi Adi kA kathana kiyA hai / tIsare parokSaprakAza meM parokSa kA lakSaNa, usake bheda-prabheda sAdhya sAdhanAdikA lakSaNa, hetu ke rupa aura paMcarUpa kA nirAkaraNa, anumAna bhedoM kA kathana, hetvAbhAsoM kA varNana tathA anta meM Agama aura naya kA kathana karate hue anekAnta tathA saptabhaMgI kA saMkSepa meM pratipAdana kiyA hai / grantha meM grantha kartA ne racanA kAla nahIM diyaa| phira bhI vijayanagara ke dvitIya zilAlekha ke anusAra inakA samaya IsA kI 14vIM - 15vIM zatAbdI hai / bha0 vidyAnandI mUlasaMgha bhAratIgaccha aura balAtkAra gaNa ke kundakundAnvaya meM hue the| inhoMne apanI paTTa paramparA kA ullekha nimna prakAra kiyA hai - prabhAcandra, padmanandI, devendrakIrti aura vidyAnanda / zrImUlasaGghe vara bhAratIye gacche balAtkAragaNe'tiramye / zrI kundakundAkhya munIndra paTTe jAtaH prabhAcandra mahAmunIndraH || 47 paTTe tadIye munipadmanandI bhaTTArako bhavyasarojabhAnuH / jAto jagattrayahito guNaratna sindhuH kuryAt satAM sAra sukhaM yatIzaH // 48 tatpaTTapadmAkara bhAskaro'tra devendrakotirmu nickrvrtii|' tatpAda paGkeja subhaktiyukto vidyAdinandI caritaM cakAra // 46 --sudarzana carita prazasti inake guru bhaTTAraka devendrakIrti the, jo sUrata kI gaddI ke paTTadhara the / bhaTTAraka padmanandI kA samaya saM01385 se 1450 taka pAyA jAtA hai| sambhavataH sUrata kI paTTa zAkhA kA prArambha inhIM devendrakIrti ne kiyA hai / inhIM ke paTTaziSya vidyAnandI the| sUrata ke saM0 1469 ke dhAtu pratimA lekha se jo caubIsI mUrti ke pAdapITha para aMkita hai, usakI pratiSThA vidyAnandI guru ke prAdeza se huI thI / saM0 1469 se 1521 taka kI mUrtiyoM ke lekhoM se spaSTa hai ki ve vidyAnandI guru ke upadeza se pratiSThita huI haiM / vidyAnandI ke gRhastha jIvana kA koI paricaya mere pravalokana meM nahIM zrAyA / saM0 1513 ke mUrtilekha se 1. saM0 1499 varSe baizAkha sudI 10 budhe zrI mUlasaMdhe balAtkAragaroM sarasvatI gacche muni devendrakIti tatziSya zrI vidyAbhagnI rAnI zreyA caturviMzatikA kArA(sUrata, dA0 mA0 pu0 55 nandI devA upadezAt zrI hubaDavaMza zAha setA bhAryA rUDI eteSAM madhye rAjA pitA /

Page #548
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 spaSTa hai ki ve bha0 devendra kIrti ke dvArA dIkSita the / inhoMne aneka mUrtiyoM kI pratiSThA kI aura krvaaii| inakA kArya saM0 1466 se 1538 taka pAyA jAtA hai| paTTAvalI ke anusAra inhoMne sammedazikhara, campA, pAvA, Urjayantagiri (giranAra) Adi siddha kSetroM kI yAtrA kI thii| ye aneka rAjAoM se-vajAMga, gaMgajaya siMha vyAghanarendra prAdi se sammAnita the| inheM DA. hIrAlAla jI ne praSTa zAkhA prAgvATa vaMza, paravAravaMza kA batalAyA hai| inake dvArA pratiSThita mUrtiyA~ hUmaDavaMzI zrAvakoM kI adhika pAI jAtI hai| bha0 vidyAnandI ke aneka ziSya the-brahma zrutasAgara, mallibhUSaNa, brahma prajita, brahma chAhaDa, brahma dharmapAla praadi| zratasAgara ne aneka granthoM kI racanA kI, unhoMne apane guru kA AdarapUrvaka smaraNa kiyA hai| mallibhUSaNa inake paTTadhara ziSya the / brahmaajita ne bhaDauMca meM hanumAna carita kI racanA kI / brahma chAhaDa ne saM0 1591 meM bhaDauMca meM dhanakamAra carita kI prati likhI / aura brahma dharmapAla ne sa0 1505 meM eka mUrti sthApita kI thI / inakI do kRtiyoM kA ullekha milatA hai-sudarzana carita aura sukumAla carita / / sadarzana carita-yaha saMskRta bhASA meM likhA gayA eka carita grantha hai jo 12 adhikAroM meM vibhakta hai. maura jisakI zloka saMkhyA 1362 hai| prastuta grantha meM sudarzana muni ke carita ke mAdhyama se NamokAra maMtra kA mAhAtmya pradarzita kiyA gayA hai| muni sudarzana tIrthakara mahAvIra ke pAMcaveM antakRt kevalI mAne gaye haiN| inakI sabase baDI vizeSatA hai ki inhoMne ghora tapasyA karate hae nAnA upasargo ko saha kara usI bhava meM kevalajJAna prApta kara svAtma labdhi ko prApta kiyA hai| grantha meM sudarzana muni ke pAMca bhavoM kA varNana sarala saMskRta padyoM meM kiyA gayA hai| NamokAra mantra ke prabhAva se bAlaka gopAla ne seTha sudarzana ke rUpa meM janma liyA, khUba vaibhava milA, kintu usakA udAsIna bhAva se upabhoga kiyA / ghora yAtanAeM sahanI par3I, para unakA mana bhoga vilAsa meM na ramA, prora na parISaha upasargoM se bhI raMcamAtra vicalita hae / Atma saMyama ke uccAdarza rUpa meM vItarAgatA aura sarvajJatA prApta kara anta meM zivaramaNI ko sudarzana kI yaha pAvana jIvana-gAthA prAkRta saMskRta aura apabhraMza ke granthoM meM akita kI gaI hai| dUsarI racanA sukumAla caritra ko mumukSu vidyAnandI kI kRti batalAyA hai, dekho, ToDArAyasiha bhaNDAra macI. jaina sandeza zodhAMka 10 pR0 356 / grantha sAmane na hone se isake sambandha meM kucha likhanA sambhava nahIM hai| inakA samaya vikrama kI 16vIM zatAbdI hai| bhaTTAraka zrutakIrti zrutakIti nandi saMgha balAtkAragaNa sarasvatI gaccha ke vidvAna the| yaha bhaTTAraka devendrakIti ke praziSya ra nibhavana kIti ke ziSya the| granthakartA ne bha0 devendrakIti ko mRdubhASI aura apane guru tribhuvanakIti ko pramata vANI rUpa sadguNoM ke dhAraka batalAyA hai| zrutakIti ne apanI laghutA vyakta karate hae apane ko alpa badi batalAyA hai| kavi ko ukta sabhI racanAeM vi0 saM0 1552 aura 1553 meM racI gaI haiM aura ve saba racanAeM mAMDavagaDha (vartamAna mAMDa) ke sulatAna gayAsuddIna ke rAjya meM damovA deza ke jerahaTa nagara ke neminAtha mandira meM racI gaI haiN| itihAsa se prakaTa hai ki san 1406 meM mAlavA ke sUbedAra dilAvara khAM ko usake putra alapha khAM ne viSa dekara mAra DAlA thA, mora mAlavA ko svatantra udghoSita kara svayaM rAjA bana baiThA thaa| usakI upAdhi hazaMgasAha 1. saM0 1513 varSe vaizAkhasudI 10 budhe zrI mUlasaMSe balAtkAragaNe sarasvatI gacche bha. zrIprabhAcandradevAH tatpaTe bha. payanandI tataziSya zrI devendrakIti dIkSikArya zrI vidyAnandI gurUpadezAt gAMdhAra vAstavya hubaha jJAtIya samasta zrI saMghena kArApita meruzikharA kalyANa bhUyAt / (sUrata dA0 mA0pa0 43) 2. jana si. bhA0 10 10 51 1. bhaTTAraka sampradAya pR0 16

Page #549
15vIM, 16vIM, 17vIM aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke prAcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi 515 thii| isane mAMDavagar3ha ko khUba majabUta banAkara use hI apanI rAjadhAnI banAI thii| usI ke vaMza meM gayAsuddIna, huA, jisane mAMDavagar3ha se mAlavA kA rAjya saM0 1526 se 1557 arthAt san 1466 se 1500 I0 taka kiyA hai / isake putra kA nAma nasIrazAha thA, aura isake mantrI kA nAma pujarAja thA jo vaNika aura vaiSNava dharmAnayAyI thA, saMskRta bhApA kA acchA vidvAna kavi aura rAjanIti meM catura thA / jaina dharma tathA jaina vidvAnoM se prema rakhatA thaa| bhaTTAraka zrutakIti ko tIna kRtiyAM pUrNa aura cauthI kRti apUrNarUpa meM upalabdha hai| harivaMzapurANa parameSThI prakAzasAra aura jogsaar| cauthI kRti kA nAma 'dharma parIkSA hai, jo DA0 hIrAlAla jI ema0 e0 DI0 liT ko prApta huI hai| harivaMzapurANa isameM 47 sandhiyAM hai jinameM 22veM tIrthakara neminAtha kA jIvana-paricaya aMkita kiyA gayA hai| prasaMga vaza usameM zrIkRSNa prAdi yaduvaMziyoM kA sakSipta jIvana caritra bhI diyA hanA hai| isa grantha kI do pratiyA~ upalabdha huI haiN| eka prati jaina siddhAnta bhavana pArA meM haiM, aura dUsarI pAmera ke bhaTaTAraka mahendra kIti ke zAstra bhaNDAra meM upalabdha hai, jo samvat 1607 kI likhI haI hai aura jisakA racanA kAla samvat 1552 haiM / jo jerahaTa neminAtha mandira meM gayAsuddIna ke rAjya kAla ma racA gayA hai| pArA kI prati saM0 1553 kI likhI huI hai aura jisameM grantha ke pUrA hone kA nirdeza hai, jo maNDapAcala (mAMDa) durga ke zAsaka gayAsuddIna ke rAjya kAla meM damovA deza ke jerahaTa nagara ke mahAkhAna aura bhojakhAna ke samaya likhI gaI hai / ye mahAkhAna bhojakhAna jerahaTa nagara ke subedAra jAna par3ate hai| vartamAna meM rahaTa nAma kA eka nagara damoha ke antargata hai| damoha pahale jilA raha cuka bahuta sambhava hai ki damoha usa samaya mAlava rAja meM zAmila hA / kavi ne isa grantha kI prazasti meM apanI guru paramparA kA ullekha nimna prakAra kiyA hai-nandisagha balAtkAragaNa, vAgezvarI (sarasvatI) gaccha meM, prabhAcandra, padmanandI zubhacandra, jinacandra, vidyAnandi, padmanandi (dvitIya), devandra kIti (dvitIya), tribhuvana kIrti, zrutakIrti / parameSThI prakAzasAra isa grantha kI ekamAtra prati Amera jJAnabhaNDAra meM upalabdha haI hai jisake Adi ke do patra aura anta kA eka patra nahIM hai, patra saMkhyA 288 hai| grantha meM sAta pariccheda yA adhyAya haiM jinakI zloka saMkhyA tIna pramANa ko lie hae hai| grantha kA pramukha vipaya dharmopadeza hai, isameM saSTi aura jIvAdi tatvoM kA sUndara vivecana kaDavaka aura ghatA gailI meM kiyA gayA hai| kavi ne isa grantha ko bhI ukta mADavagar3ha ke jerahaTa nagara ke prasiddha nemIzvara jinAlaya meM banAyA hai / usa samaya vahAM gayAsuddIna kA rAjya thA aura usakA putra nasIrazAha rAjya kArya meM anu 1. See Combridge Shorter History of india P.309 2. saMvatu vikkama seraNa garesaI, sahasu paMcasaya baavrnnsesii| maDavagaDu bara mAlavadesaI, sAhi gayAsu pyaavasesii| Nayara jerahaTa jiNihara caMgau, miNAha jiNabiva abhNg| -jaina grantha praza. bhA0 2 pR.' 3. saM0 1553 varSe vavAra vadi dvajasudi (dvItIya) gurau dine adyeha maNDapAcalagar3ha durge sulatAna gayAsuddIna rAjye pravartamAne zrI damovAdeze mahAkhAna bhojakhAna pravartamAne jerahaTa sthAne sonI zrI Isura pravartamAne zrI mUlasaMghe balAtkAragaNe sarasvatI gacche zrI kundakundAcAryAnvaye bhaTTAraka zrI padmanandi devatasya ziSya maNDalAcArya deviMdakItideva tacchiSya maNDalAcArya zrI tribhUvanakoti devAn tasya ziSya zrutakIti harivaMza purANe (Ne) paripUrNa kRtam ........" -ArA prati

Page #550
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 rAga rakhatA thaa| pujarAja nAma kA eka vaNika usakA mantrI thaa| Izvara dAsa nAma ke sajjana usa samaya prasiddha the| jinake pAsa videzoM se vastrAbhUSaNa pAte the, jayasiMha, saMghavI zaMkara paura saMghapati nemidAsa ukta artha ke jJAyaka the| anya sAdharmI bhAiyoM ne bhI isakI anumodanA kI thI aura harivazapurANAdi granthoM kI pratilipiyA~ karAI thii| prastuta grantha vikrama saM0 1553 ke zrAvaNa mahIne kI paMcamI guruvAra ke dina samApta humA thaa| jogasAra prastuta grantha do saMdhiyoM yA paricchedoM meM vibhakta hai jinameM gRhasthopayogI prAcAra sambandhI saiddhAntika bAtoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| sAtha meM kucha muni caryA prAdi ke sambandha meM bhI likhA gayA hai| __grantha ke antima bhAga meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke bAda ke kucha prAcAryoM kI guru paramparA ke ullekha ke sAtha kucha granthakAroM kI racanAoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai, aura usase yaha spaSTa jAna par3atA hai ki bhaTTAraka zrata kIti itihAsa se prAyaH anabhijJa the aura use jAnane kA unheM koI sAdhana bhI upalabdha na thA, jitanA ki Aja upalabdha hai| digambara zvetAmbara saMghabheda ke sAtha prApulIya (yApanIya) saMgha milla aura niHpicchaka saMgha kA nAmollela kiyA gayA hai / aura ujjainI meM bhadrabAhu se samrATa candragupta kI dIkSA lene kA bhI ullekha hai| granthakAra saMkIrNa manovRtti ko lie thA, vaha jainadharma kI usa udAra pariNati se bhI anabhijJa thA, isIse unhoMne likhA hai ki-'jo prAcArya zUdraputra aura nokara vagairaha ko vrata detA hai vaha nigoda meM jAtA hai aura ananta kAla taka duHkha bhogatA hai| prastuta grantha saM0 1552 meM mArgazira mahIne ke zukla pakSa meM racA gayA hai / isakI antima prazasti meM 'dharma parIkSA' grantha kA ullekha kiyA hai, jisase vaha isase pUrva racI gaI haiN| kavi kI cauthI kRti 'dhamma parikkhA' dharmaparIkSA hai| jisakI eka apUrNa prati DA. hIrAlAla jI ema0 e. DI0 liTko prApta huI thii| usame 176 kaDavaka hai, use samvat 1552 me banA kara samApta kiyA thaa| jisa kA paricaya unhoMne 'anekAnta' varSa 12 kiraNa do meM diyA thaa| ina cAroM grathoM ke atirikta kavi kI anya bhI kRtiyAM hogI, jinakA anveSaNa karanA Avazyaka hai| kavi mANikyarAja yaha jaisavAla kularUpI kamaloM ko praphullita karane ke liye taraNi (sUrya) the / inake pitA kA nAma 'budhasUrA' thA aura mAtA kA nAma 'dIvA' thA / kavi ne amarasena carita meM apanI guru paramparA nimna prakAra dI hai-kSemakIti, hemakIti, kumArasena, hemacandra aura pdmnndii| ye saba bhaTTAraka mUlasaMgha ke anuyAyI the| kavi ke guru padmanandI the, jo baDe tapasvI zIla ko khAni nirgrantha, dayAlU aura amRtavANI the| pramarasena carita kI antima prazasti meM kavi ne padmanandI ke eka ziSya kA aura ullekha kiyA hai, jinakA nAma devanandI thA aura jo zrAvaka kI ekAdaza pratimAnoM ke sapAlaka, rAga dveSa ke vinAzaka, zubhadhyAna meM anurakta aura upazamabhAvI thaa| kavi ne apane guru kA abhinandana kiyA hai| kavi kI do racanAeM upalabdha haiM / kavi ne rohatAsapura ke jinamaMdira meM nivAsa karate hue granthoM kI racanA paura donoM grantha hI apUrNa haiN| unameM prathama pramarasena carita kA racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1573 caMtrazuklapaMcamI -yogasAra patra 65 1. aha jo sUri dei vaugiccaha, nIca-sUda-suya daasbhicchN| jAya Niyoga asuhaaNuhunjaI, abhiya kAlatahaM ghora duha bhujaha / 2. vikkama rAyaha vavagaha kAlaI, paNNaMraha sayate bAvaNa ahiyii| rayau gaMdhu taM jAu sauNNau, paMca"....."dAsasa jAyau 1. "siri jayasavAla-kula-kamala-taraNi, ikSvAku vaMsa mahiyali variTTha,vuhasUrA NaMdaNa sua gritttt| ughaNNau dIvA uraravaNNu, bahumANikuNAmeM vuhAhi mnnnn|" -joga-sAra prazasti -nAgakumAra carita pra.

Page #551
15vIM, 16vIM, 17vIM aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi zanivAra hai| paura dUsare grantha nAgakumAra caritra kA racanAkAla saM0 1576 hai ataH kavi vikrama ko 16vIM zatAbdI ke tRtIya caraNa ke vidvAna haiN| amarasena caritra isa grantha meM sAta sandhiyA yA pariccheda haiM, jinameM pramarasena kI jIvana gAthA dI huI hai| rAjA amarasena dharmaniSTha aura saMyamI thaa| isane prajA kA putravat pAlana kiyA thaa| vaha deha-bhogoM liye udyata huprA / usane rAjya aura vastrAbhUSaNa kA parityAga kara digambara dIkSA le lI aura zarIra se bhI nispRha ho atyanta bhISaNa tapazcaraNa kiyaa| prAtmazodhana ko daSTi se aneka yAtanAoM ko sAmyabhAva se shaa| unakI kaThora sAdhanA kA smaraNa pAte hI roMgaTe khar3e ho jAte haiN| yaha 16vIM zatAbdI kA apabhraMza bhASA kA acchA khaNDakAvya hai / pAmerazAstra bhaMDAra kI isa pratikA prathama patra truTita hai| prati saM0 1577 kArtika vadI caturthI ravivAra ko sunapata meM likhI gaI hai| yaha grantha rohatAsapura ke agravAla vanzI sighala gAtrI sAhu mahaNa ke putra caudharI devarAja ke anurodha se racA gayA hai aura unhI ke nAmAMkita kiyA gayA hai| prazasti meM inake vaza kA vistata paricaya diyA humA hai| nAgakumAra caritra dUsarI racanA nAgakumAra carita hai| jisameM cAra sandhiyAM haiM jisakI zloka saMkhyA 3300 ke lagabhaga hai| ji.meM nAgakumAra kA pAvana carita akita kiyA gayA hai| carita vahI hai jise puSpadattAdi kaviyo ne likhA hai| usameM koI khAsa vaiziSTaya nahIM pAyA jaataa| grantha kI bhASA sarala aura hindI ke vikAsa ko liye hae hai| isa khaNDakAvya ke bhI prArambha ke do patra nahIM hai| jisase prati khaNDita ho gaI hai| usase Adya prazasti kA bhI kucha bhAga Tita ho gayA hai| kavi ne yaha grantha sAha jamanI ke putra sAha ToDaramala kI preraNA se banAyA hai| sAha TADaramala kA vaMza ikSvAku thA aura kula jAyasavAla' / ToDaramala dharmAtmA thA vaha dAnapUjAdi dhArmika kAryo meM salagna rahatA thA / aura prakRtitaH dayAlu thaa| kavi ne grantha usI ke anurodha se banAyA hai, aura usI ke nAmAMkana kiyA hai| grantha kI kucha sandhiyoM meM katipaya saMskRta ke padya bhI pAye jAte haiM, jinameM sAhU ToDaramala kA khulA yazogAna kiyA gayA hai| use karNa ke samAna dAnI, vidvajjanoM kA sampoSaka, rUpa lAvaNya se yukta aura vivekI batalAyA hai| kavi ne cauthI saMdhi ke prArambha meM sAhU ToDaramala kA jayaghoSa karate hue likhA hai ki vaha rAjya sabhA meM mAnya 1. vikkama rAyahu vavagaya kAlaI / lesu muNIsa visara akAlaI ! dharaNi akasaha caita vimAse, sariNavAre suya paMcamI divse| -amarasena ca0 praza0 2. yAdava yA jAyasa vaMza kA itihAsa prAcIna hai / parantu usake sambandha meM koI anveSaNa nahIM huA / jaisA se jaisavAloM kI kalpanA kI gaI hai kintu grantha prazastiyoM meM yAdava, jAyasa Adi nAma milate haiM, ataH inheM yaduvaMziyoM kI santAna batAyA jAtA hai| usI yadu yA yAdava kA apabhraza jAdava yA jAyasa jAna par3atA hai| yadu eka kSatriya rAjavaMza hai, usakA vizAla rAjya rahA hai / zaurIpura se lekara mathurA aura usake Asa-pAsa ke pradeza usake dvArA zAsita rahe hai / yAdava vaMzI jarAsaMdha ke bhaya se zaurIpura ko chor3akara dvArAvatI (dvArikA) meM basa gaye the| zrIkRSNa kA janma yadukula meM huA thA, aura jainiyoM ke 22veM tIrthakara neminAtha kA janma bhI usI kula meM huA thA, ve kRSNa ke cacere bhAI the| jAyasa vaMza meM aneka pratiSThita vyakti hue haiN| aneka granthakartA, vidvAna, zreSThI rAjamAnya tathA rAjamantrI bhI rahe haiN| unake dvArA jina mandiroM kA nirmANa aura pratiSThAdi kArya bhI sampanna hue haiN| prastuta ToDaramala aura kavi maNika rAja usI vaMza ke vaMzaja haiN| 1. "jaisavAla kula saMpannaH dAna-pUya-parAyaNaH / agasI nandanaH zrImAn ToDaramala ciraM jiyaH // "

Page #552
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 thA, prakhaNDa pratApI, svajanoM kA vikAsI prora pUtrAM se alaMkRta thaa| yathA napati sadasi mAnyo yo hyakhaNDa pratApaH, svajana janavikAsI spttttvaavbhaasii| vimala guNanikeno mrAta patro sametaH, sa jayati zivakAma: sAdha ToDarutti nAmA // kavi ne isa grantha ko pUrA kara jaba sAhU ToDaramala ke hAtha meM diyA taba usane use apane zira para rakhakara kavi mANikya rAja kA khUba Adara satkAra kiyaa| usane kavi ko sundara vastroM ke atirikta kakaNa kuNDala aura mudrikA prAdi prAbhUSaNoM se bhI alaMkRta kiyA thaa| usa samaya guNI janoM kA Adara hotA thaa| kintu Aja guNI janoM kA nirAdara karane vAle to bahuta hai kintu guNa grAhaka bahuta hI kama haiM ; kyoMki svArtha tatparatA ora ahakAra ne usakA sthAna le liyA hai| apane svArtha tathA kArya kI pUrti na hone para unake prati Adara kI bhAvanA utpanna ho 'guNa na hirAno kintu guNa grAhaka hirAno' kI nIti ke anusAra kheda hai ki Aja ToDaramala ne gaNa grAhaka dharmAtmA zrAvakoM kI saMkhyA virala hai-ve thor3e haiN| kavi ne isa grantha kI racanA vikrama saMvat 1556 phAlguna zuklA havIM ke dina pUrNa kI haiN| kavi tejapAla yaha mUlasaMgha ke bhaTTAraka ratnakIti bhuvanakIti, dharmakIti, aura vizAlakIti kI grAmnAya kA vidvAna thaa| vAsavapura nAmaka gAMva meM vassAvaDaha vaMza meM jAlhaDa nAma ke eka sAhu the| unake putra kA nAma mUjausAha thaa| jo dayAvaMta aura jinadharma meM anurakta rahatA thaa| usake cAra putra the-raNamala, ballAla, IsarAra polhaNa / ye cAroM bhAI khaNDalavAla kula ke bhUpaNa the| prastuta raNamala sAha ke putra tAlya sAhu hue| unakA pUna kavi tejapAla thaa| kavi ke tIna khaNDakAvya apabhraza bhASA meM race gae haiM, jo abhI aprakAzita hai| kavi kA samaya vikrama kI solahavI zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha hai| kavi kI tIna racanAoM ke nAma sabhavaNAha cariu, varAga cariu, Ara pArANAha cariu hai| 1 saMbhavaNAha cariu isa grantha meM chaha saMdhiyAM aura 170 kaDavaka haiM, jinameM jainiyoM ke tIsare tIrthakara sabhavanAtha kA jIvana paricaya diyA gayA hai| racanA saMkSipta aura vAhyADaMbara se rahita hai| isa khaNDa kAvya meM tIrthakara carita ko sIdhe sAde zabdoM meM vyakta kiyA gayA hai| prastuta graMtha kI racanA meM preraka agravAla vaMzo sAha thIlhA hai jinakA gotra mittala thA, aura jo zrIprabhanagara ke nivAsI the / thIlhA sAha lakhamadeva ke caturtha putra the| inakI mAtA kA nAma mahAdevA thA aura dharmAtnI kA nAma kolhAhI thA, dUsarI bhAryA kA nAma AsAhI thaa| jisase tribhuvanapAla aura raNamala nAma ke do putra hue the| sAha thIlhA ke pAca bhAI aura the, jinake nAma 'khi usI, holla divamI mallidAma, aura kunthadAsa haiN| ye sabhI bhAI dharmanipTha, nItimAna tathA jainadharma ke upAsaka the| lakhamadeva ke pitAmaha sAha hola ne jinavimba pratiSThA kagaI thI, unhIM ke vaMzaja thIlhA ke anurodha se kavi tejapAla ne saMbhavanAtha cariu kI racanA bhAdAnaka deza ke zrIprabhanagara meM dAuda zAha ke rAjya kAla meM kI thii| grantha racanA kA samaya saMbhavataH 1500 ke Asa-pAsa kA honA caahiye| 2 varAMga cariu dUsarI racanA 'varAMgacariu' hai, jisameM cAra saMdhiyAM hai| unameM rAjA varAga kA jIvana-paricaya akita kiyA gayA hai / rAjA varAMga yaduvazI tIrthakara neminAtha ke zAsana kAla meM hue haiN| rAjA varAga kA carita bar3A sundara rahA 1. "vikkamarAyahaM vavagaya kAle, le samuNIsa visrakaale| paNa rahasai guNNAsiya uravAle, phAguNa caMdiNa pakkhi ssivaaleN| evamI muhaNakkhittu suhavAle, siri pirathI candu pasAye suMdareM // " -nAgakumAra carita pra0

Page #553
15vIM, 16vIM, 17vI aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi hai| racanA sAdhAraNa aura saMkSipta hai, aura bhASA hindI ke vikAsa ko liye hae hai| kavi tejapAla ne isa grantha ko vi0 saM0 1507 vaizAkha zuklA saptamI ke dina samApta kiyA hai / aura use vipulakIni muni ke prasAda se banAyA thaa| 3 pAsaNAha cariu tImarI racanA pArzvanAtha carita hai| yaha bhI eka khaNDa kAvya hai, jo paddhaDiyA chanda meM racA gayA hai / aura jise kavi yaduvazI mAhu dhali kI anumati se banAyA thaa| yaha muni padmanandi ke zipya zivanadi bhaTTAraka kI AmnAya ke the| jinadharma rata, thAvakadharma pratipAlaka, dayAvaMta ora caturvidhasaMgha ke saMpopaka the| muni padmanandi ne zivanadI ko digambara dIkSA dI thN| / dIkSA se pUrva inakA nAma surajanasAhu thA jo labakaMcuka kula ke the| jo saMsAra se virakta pora nigtara bhAvanAmo kA citavana karate the| unhoMne dIkSA lene ke bAda kaThora tapazcaraNa kiyA, mAsopavAsa kiye, tathA niraMtara dharmadhyAna meM salagna rahate the| bAda meM unakA svargavAsa ho gyaa| prazasti meM surajana sAha ke parivAra kA bhI paricaya diyaa| tIrthakara pArzvanAtha kA carita vahI hai, jo anya kaviyoM ne likhA hai, usameM koI vaiziSTya dekhane meM nahIM miltaa| kavi ne isa grantha kI racanA vi0 saM0 1515 kArtika kRSNA pacamI ka dina samApta kI thii| "paNaraha saya paNaraha ahiyaehiM, ettiya jisaMvacchara ehi| paMcamiya kiNha kattiya ho mAsi |....'vaare samattau saraya bhAsi // " kavi ne madhi vAkya bhI padya meM diye hai siri pArasa caritaM raiyaM vuha tejapAla sANaMdaM / aNu maNNiyaM suhadaM ghUAla sivadAsa putteNa // 1 devANarayaNa viTThI vammAe vIesola so dittttho| kayaganbhasohaNatthaM paDhamo saMdhi imo jAno // 2 somakIti kASThAsaMgha ke nandItaTa gaccha ke rAmasenAnvayI bhaTTAraka lakSmIsena ke praziSya aura bhImasena ke ziSya the / kavi somakIti kI saskRta bhASA kI tIna racanAeM upalabdha hai-sapta vyasana kathA-samuccaya, pradyamna caritra aura yazodhara caritra / sapta vyasana kathA samuccaya-meM do hajAra sar3asaTha zlokoM meM dyatAdi sapta vyasanoM kA svarUpa aura unameM prasiddha hone vAlo kI kathA dete hue unake sevana se hone vAlI hAni kA ullekha kiyA hai, aura unake tyAga ko zreSTha batalAyA hai| kavi ne isa grantha kI racanA vi0 saM0 1526 meM mAgha mahIne ke zukla pakSa kI pratipadA somavAra ke dina pUrNa kI hai| pradyamnacaritra-dUsarI racanA hai| jisameM 4850 zlokoM meM zrIkRSNa ke putra pradyamna kA jIvana paricaya aMkita kiyA hai / isa grantha meM solaha adhikAra hai| antima adhikAra meM pradyumna zaMvara aura anuruddha Adi ke nirvANa 1. sama pamAya saMvaccha khINai, puNu sattagala sau volINai / vaisAha ho kiNha vi sattamidiNi, kiu paripuNNau jo suha mhr-jhrinn|| -varAMga pariu pra0 2. rasanayanasamete bANa yuktena candre (1526) gativati sati nUnaM vikramasyaiva kaate| pratipadi ghavalAyAM mAgha mAsasya some / haribha dina manojJe nirmito grantha eSaH // 71 // (sapta vyasana kathA samuccaya pra0)

Page #554
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 520 prApta karane kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| isa grantha kI racanA kavi ne saMvat 1531 pauSa zuklA trayodazI budhavAra ke dina bhImasena ke prasAda se banA kara samApta kI thii| yazodharacarita - yaha kavi kI tIsarI racanA hai, isameM rAjA yazodhara aura cadramatI kA jIvana paricaya aMkita kiyA gayA hai / isameM 1018 zloka haiM / isa grantha kI racanA kavi ne saMvat 1536 meM medapATha (mevAr3a) ke goMDhilya nagara ke zItala nAtha mandira meM pauSa kRSNA paMcamI ke dina banAkara samApta kI hai| inake atirikta kavi kI hindI rAjasthAnI bhASA kI kaI racanAeM haiN| unameM yazodhara rAsa 1536 meM banAyA / RSabhanAtha kI dhUla, trepana kriyA gIta Adi racanAeM bhI inakI banAI huI kahI jAtI haiN| somakIrti kavi 16vIM zatAbdI ke dvitIya caraNa ke vidvAna haiM / prajita brahma 6 mUlasaMgha ke bhaTTAraka devendra kIrti ke ziSya the / yaha gola zRMgAra (gola siMghADe ) vaMza meM utpanna hue| the 1 inake pitA kA nAma bIrasiMha aura mAtA kA nAma bIdhA thA / yaha bhaTTAraka devendra kIrti ke dIkSita ziSya the aura brahmajita ke nAma se loka meM prasiddha the| inhoMne vidyAnandi ke pradeza se 'hanumAna' carita kI racanA do hajAra zlokoM meM kI thI / hanumAna pavanaMjaya kA putra thA, bar3A balavAna tathA vIra parAkramI thA / isakI mAtA kA nAma aMjanA thA, jo rAjA mahendra kI putrI thI / kavi ne grantha meM racanA kAla nahIM diyA, kintu grantha ke racanA sthala kA ullekha kiyA hai / aura hanumAna ke carita ko pApa kA nAzaka batalAyA hai / kavi ne isa carita kI racanA bhRgukaccha (bhaDauca) ke neminAtha jinamandira meM kI hai / kavi ne grantha meM kundakunda, jinasena, samantabhadra, akalaMka, nemicandra, aura padmanandi Adi pUrvavartI zrAcAryo kA smaraNa kiyA hai| isa graMtha kI saM0 1566 kI likhI huI eka prAcIna prati lAlA vilAsarAya paMsArI TolA iTAvA ke maMdira zAstrabhaMDAra meM maujUda hai| isase isa graMtha kI racanA usase pUrva hI huI hai / kalyANAlocanA - nAma kI eka racanA upalabdha , jisameM 54 padyoM meM AtmakalyANa kI AlocanA kI gaI karate hue apane se jo duSkRta bane haiM 'micchAme dukkaDaM hujja' vAkyoM dvArA paramAtmA kA hI zaraNa hai, anya koI hai / grantha meM zrAtmasambodhana rUpa se apanI bhUloM athavA aparAdhoM kI vicAraNA jina-jina jIvAdikoM kI jisa tisa prakAra se virAdhanA huI hai, usake liye kheda vyakta kiyA gayA hai| svabhAvasiddha jJAna darzanAdi rUpa eka AtmA ko eka zaraNa nahIM hai / 'praNo Na majjha saraNaM saraNaM so ekka paramappA' zabdoM dvArA usakI ghoSaNA kI hai| yaha racanA bhI ajita brahma kI hai / sabhaktaH yaha racanA inhIM prajita brahma kI hai| ina prajita brahma kA samaya vikrama kI 16vIM zatAbdI hai / 1. jainendra zAsana sudhArasa pAnapuSTo devendrakIti yatinAyaka naiSThikAtmA / tacchiya saMyama dhareNa caritrametat sRSTaM samIraNasutasya mahaddhikasya ||1|| 2. golA zrRMgAravaMze nabhasi dinamariNa vIrasiMho vipazcit / bhAryA vIdhA pratItA tanurUha vidito brahmadIkSAzrito'bhUd / tenoccareSa granthaH kRti iti sutarAM zailarAjasya sUreH / zrI vidyAnanda dezAt sukRtavidhivazAtsarvasiddhi prasiddhayaM // 66 3. maMvatsare sattithi saMjJake ve varSe 'tra trizaMka yute (1531 ) pavitre / vinirmitaM pauSasudezca (?) tasyAM trayodazIyA budhavAra yuktA // 169 4. varSe SaTtriza saMkhye tithi paragaraNanA yukta saMvatsare ( 1536) vaM / paMcamyAM pauSa kRSNe dinakara divase cIttarasthe hi candra / goMDhilyAM medapATe jinavarabhavane zItalendrasya ramye / somAdi kIrtinedaM nRpavara caritaM nirmitaM zuddhabhaktyA / / 62 - hanumAna carita prazasti - hanumAna carita prazasti -- jaina graMtha prazasti saM0 bhAga 1 pR0 61 - jaina grantha pra0 saM0 bhA0 1 pR0 106

Page #555
15vIM, 16vIM, 17vIM aura 15vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi 521 kavi ThakurasI prastuta kavi cATasU (vartamAna campAvatI) nagarI ke nivAsI the| inakI jAti khaMDelavAla aura gotra 'prajamerA' thaa| ThakurasI ke pitA kA nAma 'ghelha' thA jo kavi the| inakI kavitA mere avalokana meM nahIM pAI, vi ne 'paMcendriya veli' ke pratima pada ke 'kavi-ghelha sutana guNa gAU~' vAkya meM unheM svayaM kavi ne sUcita kiyA hai| kavi ke putra kA nAma nemidAsa thA, jisane meghamAlA vrata ko bhAvanA kI thI / kavi kI racanAyoM kA kAla saM0 1578 se 1585 hai / meghamAlA vaya kathA apabhraMza bhASA meM racI gaI hai, kintu zeSa racanAeM hindI bhASA ke vikAsa ko liye hue haiM / kRpaNa caritra, paMcendriya vela, nemi rAjamatI vela aura jina cuviisii| meghamAlA vrata kathA-isameM 115 kaDavaka hai jo lagabhaga 215 zloMkoM ke pramANa ko liye hue haiM / isa meghamAlAvata ke anuSThAna kI vidhi aura usake phala kA varNana kiyA hai| isa vrata kA anuSThAna bhAdrapada mAsa kI pratipadA se kiyA jAtA hai| vrata ke dina upavAsa pUrvaka jinapUjana abhiSeka, svAdhyAya aura sAmAyika prAdi dhArmika anuSThAna karate hue samaya vyatIta karanA cahie / isa vrata ko pAMca pratipadA, aura pAMca varSa taka sampanna karanA cAhie / pazcAta usakA udyApana kare / yadi udyApana kI zakti na ho to dugane samaya taka vrata karanA caahie| isa vrata kA anuSThAna cATasa (pampAvatI) nagarI ke zrAvaka-zrAvikAoM ne sampanna kiyA thaa| usa samaya rAjA rAmacandra kA rAjya thaa| vahA~ pArzvanAtha kA sundara jinAlaya thA aura tatkAlIna bhaTTAraka prabhAcandra bhI (jinakI dIkSA saM 1571 meM haI thI) maujada the| jo gaNadhara ke samAna bhavyajanoM ko dharmAmata kA pAna karA rahe the| vahA~ khaNDelavAla jAti ke aneka zrAvaka rahate the| unameM paM0 mAlhA putra kavi mallidAsa ne kavi ThakurasI ko meghamAlA vrata kI kathA ke kahane kI preraNA kI thii| vahA~ ke zrAvaka sadA dharma kA anuSThAna karate the| hAthuha sAha nAma ke eka mahAjana aura bhaTTAraka prabhAcandra ke upadeza se kavi ne 'meghamAlA' vrata kaise karanA cAhie, isakA sakSipta varNana kiyaa| vahA~ toSaka, mAlhA aura mallidAsa prAdi vidvAna bhI rahate the| thAvakajanoM meM pramukha jINA, tAlha, pArasa, nemidAsa, nAthUsi, bhullaNa aura vaDalI Adi ne isa vrata kA anuSThAna kiyA thaa| kavi ne isa grantha kI racanA saM0 1580 prathama zrAvaNa zuklA chaTha ke dina pUrNa kiyA thaa| kavi ne saM0 1578 meM 'pArasa zravaNa sattAisI' nAma kI eka kavitA likhI thI, jo eka aitihAsika ghaTanA ko prakaTa karatI hai| aura kavi ke jIvana kAla meM ghaTI thI, usakA kavi ne A~khoM dekhA varNana kiyA hai| kavi kI sabhI racanAeM lokapriya aura sarala hai / brahma jIbaMdhara yaha mAthara saMgha vidyAgaNa ke prakhyAta bhaTTAraka yazakIrti ke ziSya the| Apa saMskRta aura hindI bhASA ke sayogya vidAna the| prApakI saMskRta bhASA kI do kRtiyA~ upalabdha haiN| yadyapi ve laghukAya haiM kintu mahattvapUrNa haiN| unameM pahalI kRti 'caturvizati tIrthakara stavana jayamAla haiN'| isakA avalokana karane se jJAta hotA hai ki jIbaMdhara kata bhASA meM sandara kavitA kara sakate the| pAThaka pAzrvanAtha aura mahAvIra stavana-viSayaka nimna do padya par3heM. jo bhAvapUrNa aura sarasa evaM sarala haiM : "vidhurita vighnaM pAzvajinezaM durita timirabhara hanana dinezam / prajJAna dama tIbrakuThAraM vAMchita sukhadaM karuNAdhAraM // 'jIvaMdhara' nuta-caraNa sarojaM vikasita nirmala kItipayojama / kalyANovayakavalokanvaM, vanve vIraM paramAnandam // dUsarI saMskRta racanA 'zrutajayamAlA' hai, jisameM prAcArAGga prAdi dvAdaza aMgoM kA paricaya diyA gayA hai| 1. dekho anekAnta varSa 15 kiraNa 4 meM prakAzita 'caturvizati tIrthakara-jayamAlA / ' san 1962 /

Page #556
522 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa--bhAga 2 racanA sundara aura saMskRta padyoM meM nibaddha hai| inake atirikta kavi kI dasa racanAeM hindI bhASA kI upalabdha haiM, jinakA paricaya 'rAjasthAna jaina sAhitya pariSada' kI sana 1967-68 kI smArikA pRSTha 7para lekhaka ne diyA hai| jo 'rAjasthAna ke saMta brahma jIbaMdhara' nAma se mudrita hA hai| kavi kI una racanAoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM- guNaThANAveli, khaTolA rAsa, jhabaka gIta, manohara, rAsa yA nemicarita rAsa, satIgIta. bIsa tIrthakara jayamAlA vIsa caubIsI stuti, jJAna viragA vinati muktAvalI rAsa aura AlocanA prAdi / racanAe~ sundara aura sarala haiM / brahma jIvaMdhara vikrama kI 16vIM zatAbdI ke uttarArddha ke vidvAna haiN| inhoMne saM0 1560 meM baisAkha vadI 13 somavAra ke dina bhaTTAraka vinayacandra kI svopajJa cunar3I TIkA kI pratilipi apane jJAnAvaraNIya karma ke kSayArtha kI thii| isase inakA samaya 16vIM zatAbdI kA uttarArddha sunizcita hai| paM0 nemicanda (pratiSThA tilaka ke kartA) yaha devendra aura Adi devI ke dvitIya putra the| inake do bhAI aura bhI the jinakA nAma prAdinAtha aura vijayama thaa| inhoMne abhayacandra upAdhyAya ke pAsa tarka vyAkaraNAdi kA jJAna prApta kiyA thA / nemicandra ke do putra the-kalyANanAtha aura dharmazekhara / donoM hI vidvAna the| nemicandra ne satyazAsana mukhya prakaraNAdi grantha race / pratiSThA tilaka ko inhoMne apane mAmA brahmasUri ke Adeza se banAyA thaa| kavi ne usa meM apane kuTumba kI daza pIr3hiyoM taka kA paricaya diyA hai, kintu usameM racanAkAna nahIM diyaa| para pratiSThA tilaka kA adhyayana karane se jJAta hotA hai ki inakI yaha racanA paM0 pAzAdhara jI ke bahuta bAda racI gaI hai| saMbhavata: yaha racanA 15vIM zatAbdI kI hai| graMtha sAmane na hone se usa para vizeSa vicAra nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| kavi dharmadhara __paM0 dharmadhara ikSvAku vaMza ke golArADAnvayI sAhu mahAdeva ke praputra aura paM0 yazapAla ke putra the / yazapAla kovida the| unakI patnI kA nAma 'hIrA devI' thaa| usase bhavya logoM ke ballabha ratnatraya ke samAna tIna putra the, unameM do jyeSTha aura laghu putra dharmadhara the| vidyAdhara, devadhara aura dharmadhara / inameM vidyAdhara aura devadhara zrAvakAcAra ke pAlaka aura paropakArakartA the aura dharmadhara dharma karma karane vAlA thA / dharmadhara kI patnI kA nAma 'nandikA' thA jo zIlAdi sadguNoM se alaMkRta thI / usase do putra aura tIna putrI utpanna huI thii| putroM kA nAma pArAzara aura manasukha thA / isa taraha kavi kA parivAra sampanna thaa| ___ kavi ne mUla saMgha sarasvatI gaccha ke bhaTTAraka padmanandI, zubhacandra aura bhaTTAraka jinacandra kA ullekha kiyA hai jisase jJAta hotA hai ki kavi mUla saMgha kI prAmnAya kA thaa| usane padmanandI yogI se vidyA prApta kI thI aura vaha unheM guru rUpa se mAnatA thaa| kavi kA samaya vikrama kI 16vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha hai kyoMki kavi ne nAgakumAra 1. kovidaH yazapAlasya samabhUttanu-jagatrayaM / vallabhaM bhavyalokAnAM ratnatrayamivAparaM // 2 // vaiyAkaraNapArINa ghiSaNo dhiSaNopamaH / hIrAkukSi samutpannaH Adyo vidyA gharAdhipaH // 3 // devArcanarato nityaM tato devagharo'bhavat / zrAvakAcAra zuddhAtmA paropakRti tatparaH // 4 // amI dharmagharaH pazcAt tRtIyo dharmakarmakRt / padmanandi gurorlabdhvA vidyAparam yoginaH // 5 // -zrIpAla carita prazasti, bhaTTAraka bhaNDAra, ajamera /

Page #557
15vIM, 16vI, 17vIM aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke prAcArya, bhadrAraka aura kavi 523 caritra kI racanA saM0 1511 meM kI hai| usameM apanI pahalI racanA 'zrIpAla carita' kI racanA kA ullekha kiyA hai| ataH dharmadhara 16vIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArdha ke vidvAna sunizcita haiN| kavi ko do racanAeM upalabdha haiM-zrIpAla carita aura nAgakumAra carita / zrIpAla carita-meM kavi ne pUrvavartI purANoM kA avalokana karake siddha cakra ke mAhAtmya kA kathana kiyA hai| usake mAhAtmya se zrIpAla aura usake sAta sau sAthiyoM kA kuSTa roga dUra ho gayA thaa| unakI patnI mainA sandarI ne kavata kA anuSThAna kiyA thaa| isa grantha kI racanA kavi ne golArADAnvayI zrAvaka khemala kI preraNA se kI thii| prazasti meM khemala ke parivAra kA paricaya diyA hai / khemala jina caraNoM kA bhakta, dAnI, rUpa-zIla sampanna aura paropakArI thaa| zrI sarvajJapadAravidayugale bhaktivikAsAmbudhiH; dAnacatuSTaye ca niratA lakSmIsudhAyugma c| rUpaM zIlagataM paropakArakaraNa vyApAraniSThaM vapuH; sAdho khemalasaMjJako gatamadaM kAle kalau dRzyate // 26 // grantha cAra sargAtmaka hai / granthakartA kavi aura racanA preraka zrAvaka khemala sambhavataH eka hI sthAna candavADa ke pAsa 'datta pallI' nAma ke nagara ke nivAsI the| nAgakamAra carita-isameM kavi ne pUrvasUtrAnusArata:' pUrvasUtrAnusAra kAmadeva nAgakumAra kA carita aMkita kiyA hai| nAgakamAra ne apane jIvana meM jo-jo kArya kiye, vratAdi kA anuSThAna kara puNya sacaya kiyA aura pariNA vidyAdi kA lAbha tathA bhogopabhoga kI jo mahatI sAmagrI milI usakA upabhoga karata hue nAgakumAra ne unase ki hokara prAtma-sAdhanA-patha meM vicaraNa kiyA hai / usakA jIvana bar3A hI pAvana rahA hai| use kSaNa rAtiyoM meM prAsakti utpanna karane meM asamartha rahI hai| vaha prAtma-jayI vIra thA, jo apanI sAdhanA kharA utarA hai, aura apane hI prayatna dvArA karmabandhana kI anAdi paratantratA se sadA ke liye unmukti prApta kI hai| pantha racanA meM preraka-isa grantha ko kavi ne yaduvaMzI laMbakaMcuka (lamecU) gotrI sAha nalha kI preraNA se banAyA sapATa yA candravADa nagara ke samIpa dattapallI nAmaka nagara ke nivAsI the| usa samaya usa nagara meM da nAmaka cAtaravarNa ke loga nivAsa karate the| nalha sAha ke pitA kA nAma dhanezvara yA bhaayaa| jinadAsa ke cAra putra the-zivapAla, dhUli, jayapAla aura dhanapAla dhinapAla kIpanIka yA dhanapAla cauhAnavazI rAjA mAdhavacandra kA maMtrI thA' / dhanapAla ke do putra the - jyeSTha nalha aura dasarA jinabhAktika aura rAjA mAdhavacandra dvArA pratiSThita tha / jyeSTha putra nalhasAha kI do patnI thoMudayasiha / dAnA hA jinabhAktika Ara rAjA mAdhavacandra rAjyamAnya the| unake cAra putra the tejapAla, vinayapAla, candanasiha aura narasiMha / inhIM dUmA aura yazomatI / sAhU nalhU rAjyamAnya the| unake cAra pUtra the tejapAla vi pATa kI preraNA se kavi dharmadhara ne kavi puSpadanta ke nAgakumAra caritra ko dekha kara isakA racanA kI hai| "kavi ne isa grantha kI racanA vi0 sa0 1511 meM zrAvaNazuklA pUNimA somavAra ke dina kI hai| vyatIte vikramAditye rudra vrt-shshinaamni| zrAvaNe zuklapakSe ca pUrNimA candravAsare // 53 prabhUtsamAptirgranthasya jayaMdharasutasya hi| nUnaM nAgakumArasya kAmarUpasya bhUpateH // 54 paM haricandra mUlasaMgha balAtkAragaNa sarasvatI gaccha ke bhaTTAraka padmanandi, zubhacandra, jinacandra, siMhakIti, mani khemacandra. hai| sAhU nalha candrapATa yA candravADa nagara ke mamI brAhmaNa, kSatrI, vaizya aura zUdra nAmaka cAtaravarNa ke loga nivAra 1. tasya mantripade zrImadyaduvaMza smudbhvH| laMbakaMcaka sadgotre dhanezo jindaasjH||12 -nAgakumAracarita prazasti, jayapura terApaMthI maMdira prati /

Page #558
524 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 vijayakoti jinakA zarIra tapa se kSINa ho gayA thA, AmnAya ke vidvAna the| inhoMne gvAliyara ke tomara vaMzI rAjA kItisiha ke rAjyakAla meM saM0 1525 meM bhAdrapada zuklA 5vIM guruvAra ke dina lambakaMcaka vaMza ke sAhu jinadAsa ke pUtra haripAla ke lie apabhraza bhASA meM dasalakSaNavrata kI kathA ko racanA prAdinAtha ke caityAlaya meM kI hai| "jiNa pAiNAha - cei harayaM, virahaya dahalakkhaNa kaha suvayaM / uvaesaya kahiyaM gaNaggalayaM, paMdahasai bauvIsa mlyN|| bhAvava sudi paMcami prahavimalaM, guruvAra visArayaNu khalu pramalaM // " -agravAla mandira udayapura, jaina grantha sUcI bhA0 5, pR0 445 isase pa0 haricanda kA samaya vi0 kI 16vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha hai| paMDita medhAvI yaha mUla saMgha ke bhaTTAraka jinacandra ke ziSya the| yaha bhaTTArakIya vidvAna the| inakA vaMza agravAla thaa| yaha sAhU lavadeva ke praputra aura uddharaNa sAhu ke putra the| inakI mAtA kA nAma 'bhISuhI' thaa| yaha prApta prAgama ke vicArajJa aura jinacaraNa kamaloM ke bhramara the| inhone apane ko paMDita kaMjara likhA hai / yaha vikrama kI solahavIM zatAbdI ke acche vidvAna aura kavi the| inhoMne aneka granthoM kI pustakadAtrI prazastiyA~ bhI likhI haiM jinameM lipi karAne vAle dAtAra ke kuTumba kA vistRta paricaya karAyA gayA hai| jo aitihAsika dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa hai / inase spaSTa hai ki vikrama kI 16vIM zatAbdI meM zrAvakoM dvArA hastalikhita granthoM ko likhAkara pradAna karane kI paramparA jaina samAja meM pracalita thii| zAstra dAna kI yaha paramparA jahA~ zrutabhakti aura usake saMrakSaNa ko bala pradAna karatI hai, vahA~ dAtAra bhI apanI vizuddha bhAvanAvaza apUrva puNya kA saMcaya karatA hai| isase granthoM ke saMkalana aura tarakSA ko prAzraya milA hai| ina dAta prazastinoM ke kAraNa medhAvI usa samaya prasiddha vidvAna mAne jAte the / medhAvI dvArA likhita dAtR prazastiyA~ saM0 1516, 1516, 1521, 1533 aura 1546 kI likhI ha lAcAra, tiloya paNNattI, tattvArthabhASya (siddhasena gaNi ) jaMbUdvIpa paNNattI, adhyAtma taraMgiNI aura nItivAkyAmata kI merI noTa buka meM darja haiM / saM0 1514 meM jyeSTha sudI 3 guruvAra ke dina hisAra meM vahalola lodI ke rAjya meM agravAlavaMzI vaMsala gotrI sAha chAja ne hemacandra ke prAkRta hema zabdAnuzAsana kI prati likhAkara pradAna kI thI, jo ajamera ke harSa kIrti bhaMDAra ke bar3e mandira meM maujUda hai / medhAvI ne saM01541 meM eka zrAvakAcAra kI racanA kI thI, jise dharma saMgraha zrAvakAcAra ke nAma se ullekhita kiyA jAtA hai / inakA samaya 1500 se 1550 taka kA rahA hai / yaha vikrama kI 16vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna haiM / kavi mahindu yA mahAcandra mahAcandra illarAja ke putra the / nAmollekha ke atirikta kavi ne apanA koI paricaya nahIM diyaa| prazasti 1. jiNa AiraNAha cei harayaM viraiya daha lakkharaNa kaha suvayaM / uvaesaya kahiya guragaggalayaM, paMdahasai pauvIsa malayaM / / bhAdava sudi paMcamI ayavimalaM, guruvAra visArayaNa khala amalaM / govaggiri duggai dANaiyaM tomarahaM vaMsa kittima samayaM / / vara laMbakaMca baMsaha tilakaM jiNadAsa sudhammahaM puraNa NilayaM / bhajjA vimutIlA guNasahiyaM NaMdaNa haripAru buddhiNihiyaM / -dazalakSaNa kathA prazasti / 2. agrota vaMzajaH sAdhurlavadevAbhidhAnakaH / tattvaguddharaNaH saMjJA tatpatnI bhISuhIpsubhiH // 12 tayoH putro'sti medhAvI nAmA paMDitakuMjaraH / prAptAgama vicArajJo jinapAdAbja SaTpadaH // 33, 'tattvArthabhASya dAta prA.

Page #559
15vI, 16vIM, 17vIM maura 18vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi 525 meM kASThA saMgha mAthura gaccha kI bhaTTArakIya paramparA kA ullekha karate hue likhA hai ki kASThAsaMgha mAthura gaccha puSkara gaNa meM bhaTTAraka yazaH kIti aura unake ziSya guNabhadra sUrI the| isase yaha spaSTa hai ki kavi inhIM kI mAmnAya kA thaa| para inameM kisakA ziSya yA yaha spaSTa nahIM likhaa| kavi kI ekamAtra kRti 'zAntinAtha carita' hai, jisameM 13 sandhiyAM yA pariccheda aura 260 kaDavaka haiM jinakI prAnumAnika zloka saMkhyA pAMca hajAra hai| grantha kI prathama saMdhi ke 12 kaDavakoM meM magadha deza ke zAsaka rAjA zreNika aura rAnI celanA kA varNana, zroNika kA mahAvIra ke samavazaraNa meM jAnA aura mahAvIra ko vaMdana kara gautama se dharma kathA kA sunnaa| dUsarI saMdhi ke 21 kaDavakoM meM vijayA parvata kA varNana, prakalaMka kIrti kI mukti sAdhanA, aura vijayAMka ke upasarga nivAraNa karane kA kathana hai| tIsarI sandhi ke 23 kaDavakoM meM bhagavAna zAntinAtha kI pUrva bhavAvalI kA kathana hai| cauthI sandhi ke 26 kaDavakoM meM zAntinAtha ke bhavAntara, balabhadra janma kA bar3A hI sundara varNana kiyA hai / 5vIM sadhi ke 16 kaDavakoM meM vajrAyudha cakravartI kA savistara kathana hai| aura chaThI saMdhi ke 26 kaDavakoM meM megharatha kI solaha kAraNa bhAvanAoM kI prArAdhanA, prora sAthasiddhi gamana kA varNana diyA hai| sAtavIM sandhi ke 25 kaDavakoM meM mukhyataH bha. zAntinAtha ke janmAbhiSeka kA varNana hai| pAThavIM saMdhi ke 26 kaDavakoM meM bhagavAna zAntinAtha kI kaivalya prApti aura samavasaraNa vibhUti kA vistRta varNana hai| naumI saMdhi ke 27 kaDavakoM meM bhagavAna zAntinAtha kI divya dhvani eva pravacanoM kA kathana hai| dazavIM saMdhi ke 20 kaDavakoM meM tiresaTha zalAkA puruSoM ke carita kA saMkSipta varNana hai| 11vIM sadhi ke 34 kaDavakoM meM bhaugolika AyAmoM kA varNana hai, bharata kSetra kA hI nahIM kinta tInoM lokoM kA sAmAnya kathana hai / 12vIM saMdhi ke 18 kaDavakoM meM bhagavAna zAntinAtha dvArA vaNina sadAcAra kA kathana diyA hamA hai / aura antima 13vIM saMdhi ke 17 kaDavakoM meM zAntinAtha kA nirvANa gamana kA varNana hai| yadyapi kathAvastu kI dRSTi se grantha meM koI navInatA dRSTigocara nahIM hotI, kintu kAvyakalA aura zilpa kI dRSTi se racanA mahatvapUrNa hai / grantha kA varNya viSaya paurANika hai| isI se use paurANikatA ke sAMce meM DhAlA gayA hai| mAlocyamAna racanA apabhraza ke carita kAvyoM ko koTi kI hai| isameM caritakAvya ke sabhI lakSaNa parilakSita hote haiN| pratyeka saMdhi ke prArambha meM kavi ne agravAla zrAvaka sAdhAraNa kI zAninAtha se maMgala kAmanA kI hai| grantha racanA meM preraka joyaNipura' (dillI) nivAsI agravAla kulabhUSaNa garga gotrIya sAha bhojarAja ke, patroM (khemacandra. jJAnacandra, zrIcandra, gajamalla pora raNamala) meM se dvitIya putra jJAnacandra kA putra sAdhAraNa zA jisakI preraNA se grantha kI racanA kI gaI hai| kavi ne prazasti meM sAdhAraNa ke parivAra kA vistata paricaya karAyA hai| usane hastinApara kI yAtrArtha saMgha calAyA thaa| aura jinamandira kA nirmANa karA kara usakI pratiSThA sampanna kara paNyArjana kiyA thaa| jJAnacandra kI patnI kA nAma 'saurAjahI' thA, jo aneka guNoM se vibhUSita thii| usase tIna patra hue the| pahalA putra sAraMgasAhu thA, jisane sammeda zikhara kI yAtrA kI thii| usakI patnI kA nAma 'tilokAhI' thaa| dUsarA patra sAdhAraNa thA, jo bar3A viddhAna aura guNI thA, usakA vaibhava bar3hA car3hA thaa| usane zatraMjaya kI yAtrA kI thI, usakI patnI kA nAma 'sovAhI' thA, usase cAra putra hue the-abhayacandra, mallidAsa, jitamalla aura sohilla unakI cAroM patniyoM ke nAma caMdaNahI, bhadAsahI, samado paura bhiikhnnhii| ye cAroM hI pativratA, sAdhvI praura dharmaniyA thiiN| isa taraha sAha sAdhAraNa ne samasta parivAra ke sAtha zAntinAtha carita kA nirmANa kraayaa| 1. joyariNapura dillI kA nAma hai / yahA~ 64 yoginiyoM kA nivAsa thA, aura unakA mandira bhI banA huA thaa| isa kAraNa isakA nAma yoginIpura par3A hai| 'joyaNipura' apabhra za bhASA kA rUpa hai| vizeSa paricaya ke liye dekheM, anekAnta varSa 13 kiraNa meM prakAzita dillI ke pAMca nAma zIrSaka merA lekha /

Page #560
526 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 kavi ne isa grantha kI racanA vi0 sa0 1587 kI kArtika kRSNA paMcamI ke dina mugala bAdazAha bAbara' ke rAjyakAla meM yoginIpura meM banAkara samApta kI thii| kavi ne apane se pUrvavartI nimna vidvAna kaviyoM kA smaraNa kiyA hai-prakalaMka, pUjyapAda (devanandI), nemicandra saiddhAtika, caturmukha svayaMbhU, puSpadanta, yazaHkIrti, raidhU, guNabhadrasUri aura sahaNapAla / inameM sahaNapAla kA koI grantha avalokana meM nahIM aayaa| bhaTTAraka prabhAcandra yaha bha0 padmanandI ke prapaTTa para pratiSThita hone vAle bhaTTAraka jinacandra ke paTTa ziSya the| jinakA paTTAbhiSeka sammada zikhara para savarNa kalazoM se saM0 1571 meM phAlguna kRSNa doija ke dina hanA thaa| inaka nAma suhRjjana thA, jo vivekI aura vAdi rUpI gajoM ke lie siMha ke samAna thaa| yaha vaidyarAT biMjha ke dvitIya putra the| inhoMne rAjA ke samAna vibhUti kA tyAga kara dIkSA grahaNa kI thii| bhaTTAraka hone para inakA nAma prabhAcandra rakkhA gayA thA / ve isa pada para 6 varSa 4 mAsa aura 25 dina rahe haiN| bhaTTAraka prabhAcandra saM0 1578 meM campAvatI (cATasU) meM the aura vahA~ ke zrAvakoM meM unhoMne dhArmika ruci baDhAne kA prayatna kiyA thaa| kavi ThakurasI ne saM0 1578 meM meghamAlA kathA meM prabhAcandra kA ullekha kiyA hai / ina prabhAcandra kI koI racanA mere avalokana meM nahIM paaii| inakA samaya vi0 kI 16vIM zatAbdI kA tRtIya caraNa hai| bhaTTAraka zubhacandra mUla saMgha kundakundAnvaya meM prasiddha nandisaMgha aura balAtkAragaNa ke bhaTTAraka jJAnabhUSaNa ke praziSya aura bha0 1. bAbara ne san 1526 me pAnIpata kI lar3AI meM dillI ke bAdazAha ibrAhIma lodI ko parAjita aura divaMgata kara dillI kA rAjya zAsana prApta kiyA thaa| usake bAda usane AgarA para bhI adhikAra kara liyA thA aura san 1530 (vi0 sa0 1587) meM AgarA meM hI usakI mRtyu ho gaI thii| isane kevala 5 varSa hI rAjya kiyA hai| 2. vikramarAyahu vavagaya kAlahu, risivsu-sr-bhuvi-kaali| kattiya-paDhama pakkhi paMcamidiNi, huu paripuNNa vi uggaMtai inni| zAntinAtha carita prazasti 3. tatpaTTodaya bhUdhare'jani muniH shriimtprbhenduvNshii| heyAyavicAraNakacaturo devaagmaalkRto| bhojadivAkarAdivividha takkai ca cNcushcrnno| janandrAdikalakSaNapraNayane dakSo'nuyogeSu ca // 32 tyaktvA sAsArikI bhUti kipAkaphala sannibhAm / cintAratna nibhA jainI dIkSA saprApya tattvavit // 33 zabda brahmasaritpatismRtibalAduttIrya yo liilyaa| paT tarkAgamArka karkaza girA jitvA'khilAn vAdinaH / prAcyA digvijayI bhavanniva vibhUjanI pratiSThAkRte / zrI sammedagirI suvarNa kalazaH paTTAbhiSekaH kRtaH // 34 -balAtkAragaNa gUrvAvalI 4. dvitIya putro'pi suhRjjanAkhyo vivekavAnvAdigajendrasiMhaH / AsItsadA sarvajanopakArI khAniH sukhAnAM jinadharmacArI // 36 // bhaTTArakaH zrI jinacaMndra paTTe bhaTTArako'yaM samabhUd guNADhyaH / prabhendu saMjJo hi mahA prabhAvaH tyaktvA vibhUti nuparAja sAmyAm // 37 5. 'taha majjhipahAsasi vA muNIsu, saha, saMThiu raNaM goya, muNIsu // meghamAlA kathA pra0

Page #561
15vIM, 16vIM, 17vIM aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke prAcArya, bhadrAraka aura kavi 527 vijayakIrti ke ziSya the| yaha saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza, gujarAtI aura hindI bhASA ke vidvAna the / kavi ne apane ko adhyAtmataraMgiNI TIkA prazasti meM-'saMsArabhItAzaya, bhAvAbhAva vivekavAridhi aura syAdvAda vidyAnidhi' vizeSaNoM se yukta prakaTa kiyA hai| tathA 'aMga paNNatti' meM apane ko vidya aura 'ubhayabhApAparisevI' sUcita kiyA hai| tathA kA kSA kI TIkA meM 'vidya' aura 'vAdiparvatavaviNA' likhA hai'| yaha sAgavAr3A gahI ke bhaTAraka 1 se jJAta hotA hai ki ve tarka, vyAkaraNa, sAhitya aura adhyAtmazAstra Adi viSayoM ke mahAna jJAtA the| unhoMne vibhinna sthAnoM kI yAtrA kI thii| unake aneka ziSya the| unhoMne vAdiyoM ko parAsta kiyA thA, unakA 'vAdi parvatavatriNA' vizeSaNa isa bAta kA poSaka hai| bhaTTAraka zubhacandra ne aneka pratiSThA samArohoM meM bhAga hI nahIM liyA kintu bhaTTAraka hone ke nAte unake pratiSThA kArya ko bhI sampanna kiyaa| inake dvArA pratiSThita mUtiyA~ udayapura, sAgavAr3A, DUMgarapura aura jayapura Adi ke mandiroM meM virAjamAna haiM / saMvat 1607 meM inhIM ke upadeza se paJcaparameSThI kI mUrti kI sthApanA kI gaI thii| bhaTTAraka zubhacandra ne aneka granthoM kI racanA kI hai, jinheM do vibhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA jA sakatA hai| racanAoM ke nAma nimna prakAra haiM: adhyAtmataraMgiNI (samayasArakalaza TIkA) jIvaMdharacarita, candanAcarita, aMgapaNNattI, pArzvanAtha paMjikA, karakaMDacarita, saMzayavadana vidAraNa, svarUpa sambodhanavRtti, prAkRta vyAkaraNa, zreNikacarita, svAmikAtikeyAnuprekSA TIkA, pANDava purANa, saptatattva nirUpaNa, apazabda khaNDana, stotra (tarka grantha) nandIzvara kathA, karmadahana vidhi, cintAmaNi pUjA, teraha dvIpa pUjA, paMcakalyANaka pUjA, gaNadhara valaya pUjA, palyApama udyApana vidhi, sArdhadvayadvApa pUjA, siddhacakra pUjA, puSpAMjali vrata pUjA, sarasvatI pUjA, cAritra zuddhi vidhAna, sarvato bhadra vidhAna paadi| ina racanAmoM meM se yahA~ kucha racanAoM kA paricaya diyA jAtA hai| racanA-paricaya pradhyAtmataraMgiNI TIkA-yaha prAcArya pramatacandra ke samayasAra kalazoM (nATaka samayasAra kI TIkA hai jise bhaTrAraka zubhacandra ne saM0 1573 meM banAkara samApta kI thii| TIkA meM kalaza ke padyoM ke artha kA udghATana kiyA hai / TIkA vizada hai aura padyoM ke antarbhAva ko kholane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| kahIM-kahIM TIkAkAra ne padyoM ke prartha karane meM camatkAra dikhalAyA hai / bhaTTAraka zubhacandra kI yahI TIkA sabase pahalI racanA jAna par3atI hai / TIkA prakAzita ho cukI hai| jIvaMdhara carita-isameM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samakAlIna hone vAle jIvaMdhara kumAra kA jo rAjA satyaMdhara the, jIvana paricaya aMkita kiyA gayA hai| jIvaMdhara ne apane pitA ke rAjya ko punaH prApta kiyA, bhoga bhoge, kintu anta meM apane putra ko rAjya dekara bhagavAna mahAvIra se dIkSA lekara prAtma-sAdhanA kii| kaThora tapazcaraNa kara karma 1. ziSyastasya viziSTa zAstravizadaH sNsaarbhiitaashyo| bhAvAbhAvaviveka vAridhitarasyAdvAdavidyAnidhi : // -adhyAtmataraMgiNI TIkA pra. 2. "tappaya sevaNasatto tevejjo uhaya bhAsa priveii|" -aMgapaNattI pra0 3. sUrizrIzubhacandraNa vaadiprvtvcinnaa| / vidyanAnuprekSAyA vRttiviracitA nraa|| -kArtikeyAnuprekSA TI0pra0 4: saMvat 1607 varSe baizAkhavadI 2 guru zrI mUlasaMghe bha. zrI zubhacandra 'gurUpadezAt habaDazaMkhezvarA gotre sA0 jinA / bhaTTAraka sampradAya pra0 145 5. vikrama varabhUpAlApaMcatrizate strisaptati vyssike| varSepyAzvinmAse zukla pakSe'tha paMcamIdivase ||6adhyaa0 TI0 pra.

Page #562
528 bana dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa bhAga 2 zRMkhalA kA vinAza kara avinAzI pada prApta kiyaa| bhaTTAraka zubhacandra ne isa pAvana carita kI racanA saMvat 1603 meM kI hai| - aMgapaNNatto-yaha prAkRta bhASA kA grantha hai| isameM 248 gAthAeM dI huI haiM, jinameM aMga pUrvAdi kA svarUpa paura padAdi kI saMkhyA dI huI hai| grantha mANikacandra granthamAlA ke siddhAnta sArAdi saMgraha meM prakAzita ho cukA hai| grantha meM racanAkAla diyA huA nahIM hai| kArtikeyAnuprekSA TIkA-yaha svAmI kumAra kI prAkRki gAthAmoM meM nibaddha anuprekSA grantha hai jise kArtikeyAnuprekSA kahA jAtA hai / mUla grantha meM 461 gAthAe~ haiM / ina anuprekSAtroM ko granthakAra ne bhavyajanoM ke prAnanda ko jananI likhA hai, grantha hRdayagrAhI hai aura uktiyA~ antastala ko sparza karatI haiN| zubhacandra ne TIkA dvArA mUla gAthAoM kA artha udghATita karate hae aneka granthoM se samRddhata padyoM dvArA usa viSaya ko spaSTa karane hai / zubhacandra ke ziSya lakSmIcandra ne bhI kucha bhAga likhA thaa| vaha bhI usameM zAmila kara liyA gayA hai / bhaTTAraka zubhacandra ne yaha TIkA vi0 saM0 1613 meM banAkara samApta kI hai| zreNika caritra-isa graMtha meM 15 parva haiM jinameM magadha deza ke zAsaka aura bhagavAna mahAvIra ke pramukha zrotA rAjA zreNika bimbasAra kA jIvana-vRtta aMkita kiyA gayA hai| isakA dUsarA nAma 'padmanAbha purANa' bhI haiN| kyoMki zreNika kA jIva padmanAbha nAma kA prathama tIrthakara hogA, isa kAraNa grantha kA nAma bhI padmanAbhacarita rakha diyA gayA hai| kartA ne isakA racanAkAla nahIM diyaa| karakaNDu carita-isameM 15 sarga haiM / yaha eka prabandha kAvya hai| isameM rAjA karakaMDa kA jIvana paricaya aMkita kiyA gayA hai| carita pAvana rahA hai, aura aitihAsika dRSTi se bhI mahattvapUrNa hai / yaha rAjA pArzvanAtha ko paramparA meM huA hai / kavi ne isa grantha kI racanA saMvat 1611 meM javAchapura ke prAdinAtha caityAlaya meM kI hai / isa grantha kI racanA meM zubhacandra ke ziSya sakalabhUSaNa sahAyaka the| pANDava purANa-isa grantha meM 25 sarga yA parva haiM jinameM pANDavoM Adi kA jIvana-paricaya diyA huA hai| unakI jIvana-ghaTanAmoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| isa grantha kI prazasti meM kavi ne apane racita 28 granthoM kA ullekha kiyA hai / zubhacandra ne isa grantha kI racanA vi0 saM0 1608 meM bAgvara deza ke zAkIvATapura ke AdinAtha caityAlaya meM kI hai| isakI racanA ne zrIpAla varNI ne sahAyatA kI hai| 1. zrImad vikramabhUpatervasuhata daMtezate saptaha / vedaya'natare same zubhatare mAse vareNye zucau / vAreNISpatika trayodazatithI sannutane pattane / zrIcandraprabhadhAmni vaiviracitaM cedaM mayA toSataH // 7 // jIvaM0 pra0 2. zrImat vikrama bhUpateH paramite varSe zate ssoddshe| mAghe mAsi dazAgravanhi sahite (1613) khyAte dazamyAM tithii| zrImadhImahisAra-sAra nagare caityAlaye zrIguroH / zrImacchI zubhacandra deva-vihitA TIkA sadA nandatu // 6 // 3. dvayaSTe vikramataH zate samahate cakA dazAndAdhike, bhAdre mAsi samujvale yugatiyo khaGga jvaachaapure| zrI madrIvRSabhezvarasya sadane cake caritratvidaM / rAjJaH zrI zubhacandrasUri yatipazcaMpAdhipasyAd dhruvaM // 55 // -karakaNa carita pra0 4. zrImadvikramabhUpaterdikahate spaSTASTasaMkhye shte| ramye'STAdhikavatsare (1608) sukhakare bhAdra vitIyA tithii| . zrImadvAgvara novRtImatule zrI zAkabADepure, zrImacchIpuruSAmni varacitaM syAtpurANaM cira // 16 .

Page #563
15vIM, 16vIM, 17vIM aura 18vI zatrAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi 529 inake atirikta anya grantha mere avalokana meM nahIM pAe, isase unake sambandha meM likhanA kucha zakya nahIM hai / pUjA grantha bhI sAmane nahI haiM isalie unakA paricaya bhI nahIM diyA jA sktaa| kavi kI saMskRta racanAoM ke atirikta aneka hindI racanAe~ bhI haiM jinake nAma yahA~ die jAte haiMmahAvIra chanda (stavana 27 padya) vijayakIti chanda, tattvasAra dUhA, neminAtha chanda Adi / bha0 zubhacandra kA kAryakAla saM0 1573 (san 1516) se 1613 (san 1556) 40 varSa rahA hai / inake aneka ziSya the-zrIpAlavI, sakalacandra, lakSmIcandra aura sumatikIrti Adi / inakA samaya 16vIM aura 17vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArddha hai| amarakoti yaha mUla saMgha sarasvato gaccha ke bhaTTAraka mallibhUSaNa ke ziSya the| mallibhUSaNa mAlavA kI gaddI ke paTTadhara the / inhIM ke samakAlIna vidyAnandi aora zrutasAgara the| amarakIti ne jina sahasra nAma stotra kI TIkA prazasti meM vidyAnadi aura zratasAgara donoM kA AdarapUrvaka smaraNa kiyA hai| inako ekamAtra kRti jina sahasranAma TIkA hai / prazasti meM racanAkAla diyA huA nahI hai| phira bhI amarakoti kA samaya vikrama kI 16vIM zatAbdI hai| TIkA abhI aprakAzita hai ume prakAza meM lAnA cAhie / amarakIti kI yaha TIkA bha0 vizvasena dvArA anumodita hai| ___vIra kavi yA budhavIra kavi kA vaMza agravAla thA aura yaha sAhU totU ke putra the tathA bhaTTAraka hemacandra ke ziSya the / saMskRta bhASA ke vidvAna aura kavi the| inakI do katiyA~ mere dekhane meM AI haiM vahatsiddhacakra pUjA aura dharmacakra pjaa| vahatsiddhacakra pUjA-yaha siddhacakra kI vistRta pUjA hai / paM0 jinadAsa kApThA saMgha mAthurAnvaya aura puSkaragaNa ke bhaTAraka kamalakIti, kumudacandra aura bhaTTAraka yazamena ke anvaya meM hae haiN| yazasena ko zipyA rAjazrI nAma kI thI. jo maMyama nilayA thii| usake bhrAtA padmAvatI puravAla vaMza meM samutpanna nArAyaNa siMha nAma ke the, jo maniyoM ko dAna dene meM dakSa the| unake putra jinadAsa nAma ke the, jinhoMne vidvAnoM meM mAnyatA prApta kI thii| inhIM paMDita jinadAsa ke Adeza me ukta pUjA-pATha racA gayA hai| jise kavi ne vi0 saM0 1584 meM dillI ke bAdazAha bAbara ke rAjyakAla meM rohitAsapura (rohataka) ke pArzvanAtha mandira meM banAyA hai / / dharmacanA pUjA-1sa pUjA-pATha ko bhI ukta padmAvatI puravAla paDita jinadAsa ke nirdeza se rohitAsapura ke pArzvanAtha jina mandira meM agravAla vaMzI goyala gotrI sAdhAraNa ke putra sAhU raNamalla ke putra mallidAsa ke lie banAyA gayA hai| TamakI zloka saMkhyA 850 hai| ise kavi ne saM0 1586 meM pUma mahIne ke zakla pakSa kI SaSThI ke dina samApta kiyA hai / isa grantha kI prazasti se jJAta hotA hai ki kavi ne nandIzvara pUjA aura RSimaMDala yaMtra pUjA-pATha kI bhI racanA kI hai| ye donoM pUjA grantha mere dekhane meM nahIM Ae, isI se unakA paricaya nahIM diyaa| inake atirikta kavi kI anya kyA kRtiyA~ haiM vaha anveSaNIya hai| kavi kA samaya vikrama kI 16vIM zatAbdI hai| 1. vedASTavANa zazi-saMvatsara vikramanapAdvahamAne / ruhitAsanAmni nagare barbara mugalAdhirAja-sadrAjye // ? zrIpAzvaM caityagehe kASThA saMghe ca mAthurAnvayake / / puSkaragaNe babhUva bhaTTArakamariNakamala kIAhvaH // 2 (siddha0 pU0pra0) 2. candrabANASTa SaSThAMkaH (1586) vartamAneSu sarvataH / zrI vikramanapAnnUnaM naya vikramazAlinaH // 8 // pauSa mAse site pakSe SaSThIMdu dina nAmake / ruhitAmapure ramye pArzvanAthasya mandire // 6 // -dharmacakra pUjA pra0

Page #564
530 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 kavi doDDavya yaha devappa kA putra thA, jo jaina purANoM kI kathA meM nipuNa thA aura paMDita muni kA ziSya thaa| devappa jaina brAhmaNa thA aura usakA gotra 'Atreya' thaa| yaha hoyasala deza ke caMga pradeza ke piriya rAja zahara meM rAjya karane vAle yadukula tilaka viruparAja kA darabArI katthaka thaa| yaha rAjA sAhitya kA bar3A premI thA, aura isane zAnti jina kI eka mUrti ko vidhivat taiyAra karA kara use sthApita kiyA thaa| aisA lekha madrAsa ke ajAyabaghara meM maujUda eka jaina mUrti ke nIce utkIrNa kiyA huA hai| - kavi doDDayya ne apane candraprabha carita meM virupa rAjendra kI stuti kI hai / jaina brAhmaNa paM0 salivendra kA putra vommarasa isI rAjA kA pradhAna thaa| candraprabha carita meM 28 sandhiyA~ praura 4475 padya haiN| grantha ke prArambha meM kavi ne likhA hai ki maiM kavi parameSThI aura guNa bhadra kI kahI huI kathA ko kAnar3I meM likhatA huuN| pahale candranAtha, siddha, prAcArya, upAdhyAya, sAdhu, ratnatraya, sarasvatI, gaNadhara, jvAlAmAlinI, vijayapakSa aura piriya zahara ke ananta jina kI, aura kamalabhaMga mahiSikumArapurAdhIzvara brahmadeva kI stuti kI hai| grantha meM kucha pUrvavartI kaviyoM kA bhI smaraNa kiyA hai| kavi kA samaya 1550 ke lagabhaga arthAt IsA kI 16vIM zatAbdI hai| paM0 jinadAsa yaha vedya vidyA meM niSNAta vaidya the| inake pitA kA nAma 'rekhA' thA jo vaidya the / inakI mAtA kA nAma 'rikhazrI' thA aura patnI kA nAma jinadAsI thA, jo rUpa lAvaNyAdi guNoM se alaMkRta thii| paMDita jinadAsa raNastambha dUrga ke samIpa navalakSapura ke nivAsI the / grantha prazasti meM unhoMne apane pUrvajoM kA paricaya nimna prakAra diyA hai : unake pUrvaja 'haripati' nAma ke vaNika the| jinheM padmAvatI devI kA vara prApta thA aura jo pe nAmaka rAjA se sammAnita the| unhIM ke vaMza meM 'padma' nAmaka ke zreSThI hue, jinhoMne aneka dAna diye aura gyAsazAhi nAma ke rAjA se bahu mAnyatA prApta kii| inhoMne zAkambharI nagarI meM vizAla jina mandira banavAyA thaa| ve itane prabhAvazAlI the ki unakI prAjJA kA kisI bhI rAjA ne ullaMghana nahIM kiyaa| ve mithyAtva ke nAzaka the aura jina gaNoM ke nitya pUjaka the| inake do pUtra the| unameM prathama kA nAma bijha thA, jo vaMdyarAT thaa| bijha ne zAha nasIra se utkarSa prApta kiyA thaa| inake dUsare putra kA nAma 'suhRjjana' thA, jo vivekI aura vAdI rUpI gajoM ke lie siMha ke samAna thaa| sabakA upakAraka praura jaina dharma kA AcaraNa karane vAlA thaa| yaha jinacandra bhaTTAraka ke paTTa para pratiSThita hayA thaa| inakA paTTAbhiSeka saM0 1571 (san 1514) meM sammedazikhara para suvarNa kalazoM se hunA thaa| inhoMne rAjA ke samAna vibhUti kA parityAga kara bhaTTAraka pada prApta kiyaa| inakA nAma bhaTrAraka prabhAcandra rakhA gyaa| ve isa paTTa para nau varSa 4 mAsa aura 25 dina rahe / ukta bijha vaidya kA putra dharmadAsa humA, jisane mahamUda zAha se bahamAnyatA prApta kI thii| yaha bhI vaidya ziromaNi aura vikhyAtakIti thaa| ise bhI padmAvatI devI kA vara prApta thaa| isakI patnI kA nAma 'dharmazrI' thA, jo advitIya dAnI, sadRSTi, rUpavAn, manmathavijayI aura praphulla vadanA thii| isakA rekhA nAma kA eka putra thA, jo vaidyakalA meM dakSa, vaidyoM kA svAmI aura loka meM prasiddha thaa| yaha 'vaidya vidyA' inakI kula paramparA se calI pA rahI thI aura usase aApake vaMza kI bar3I pratiSThA thii| rekhA apanI vaMdya vidyA ke kAraNa raNastambha (raNathambhora) nAmaka durga ke bAdazAha zerazAha dvArA sammAnita humA thA, inhIM rekhA kA putra paM0 jinadAsa thaa| inakA putra nArAyaNa dAsa nAma kA thaa| paMDita jinadAsa ne zerapura ke zAntinAtha caityAlaya meM 51 padyoMvAlI 'holIreNakA caritra kI prati kA pravalokana kara saM0 1608 (san 1551 I0) meM jyeSTha zuklA dasavIM zukravAra ke dina isa 'holIreNu kA caritra' anya kI rasanA 43 lokoM meM kI hai| ...L.T.J.28.

Page #565
531 15vIM, 16vIM, 17vIM aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke AvArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi "pure zerapure-zAntinAthacaMtyAlaye vre| vasukhakAyazItAMzu (1608) saMvatsare tathA // jyeSThamAse site pakSe dazamyAM shukrvaasre| akAri granthaH pUrNo'yaM nAmnA dRSTiprabodhakaH / / " kavi jinadAsa ne isa grantha ko bha0 prabhAcandra ke ziSya mUni dharmacandra aura dharmacandra ke ziSya mUni lalita kIti ke nAma kiyA hai| kavi kA samaya 17vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvArSa hai| brahmakRSNa yA kezavasenasUri kASThAsaMgha ke bhaTTAraka ratnabhUSaNa ke praziSya aura jayakIrti ke paTTadhara ziSya the| yaha kavi kRSNadAsa ke nAma se prasiddha the| vAgvara (bAgaDa) deza ke dampati vIrikA aura kAntaharSa ke putra aura brahma maMgaladAsa ke agraja (jyeSTha bhrAtA ) the / karNAmata kI prazasti se jJAta hotA hai ki kavi kA gaMgAsAgara paryanta, dakSiNa deza meM, gujarAta meM mAlavA praura mevAr3a meM yaza aura pratiSThA thii| ve apane samaya ke suyogya vidvAna the aura 17vIM zatAbdI ke acche kavi the| ApakI isa samaya tIna racanAeM upalabdha haiM, munisuvratapurANa-karNAmRta purANa aura SoDazakAraNa vrtodyaapn| munisuvrata purANa-isameM jainiyoM ke 20 veM tIrthakara munisuvrata kI jIvana gAthA aMkita kI gaI hai| maMgala sahodara kavi kRSNa ne isa purANa kA nirmANa vi0 saM0 1681 ke kArtika zukla pakSa kI trayodazI ke aparANha kAla meM kalpavallI nagara meM kara samApta kiyA hai| indaSTaSaTacandra mite'tha varSe (1681) zrI kAtikAsye dhavale ca pksse| jIve trayodazyaparAnhayA me kRSNena saukhyAya vinimito'yaM // 96 kavi ne apane ko lohapattana kA nivAsI aura harSa vaNika kA putra batalAyA hai| aura kalpavallI nagara meM brahmacArI kRSNa ne 3025 padyoM meM isa grantha kI racanA kI hai| jaisA ki usake puSpikA vAkya se spaSTa hai : iti zrI puNyacandrodaye munisuvata purANe zrIpUramallAM ke harSa vIrikA dehaja zrI maMgaladAsAgraja brahmacArIzvara kRSNadAsa viracite rAmadeva zivagamanaM trayoviMzatitamaH sargaH samAptaH / karNAmRta purANa-isameM karNa rAjA ke carita kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| yaha dUsarI racanA hai| kavi ne ise vi0 saM0 1688 meM mAlava deza ko tilaka purI ke pArzvanAtha mandira meM mAgha mahIne meM pUrNa kiyA hai / isa grantha kI racanA meM brahmavardhamAna ne sahAyatA pahuMcAyI thI, jo inake ziSya jAna par3ate haiN| SoDazakAraNa vratodyApana-isameM SoDazakAraNavrata kI vidhi aura usake udyApana kA varNana kiyA gayA ki kezavasena yA kRSNa ne ise vi0 saM0 1694 (san 1637) meM magazira zuklA saptamI ke dina rAmanagara meM banA kara samApta kiyA hai| vevanaMda rasacandravatsare (1664) mArgamAsi sitasaptamI tithau| rAmanAmanagare mayA kRtAAnya-puNyanivahAya sUriNA / 14 iti prAcArya kezavasena viracitaM SoDazakAraNa vratodyApanaM saMpUrNaH isake atirikta kavi kI anya kRtiyAM bhI anveSaNIya haiN| kavi kA samaya vikrama kI 17vIM zatAbdI hai| 1. lelihAna-vasu-Sar3a vidhuprame (1658) vatsare vividha bhAva sNyutH| * eSa eva racito hitAya meM grantha prAtmana ihAkhilAginAm / / jaina grantha praza0 bhA011055

Page #566
532 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 bha0 vAdicandra yaha mUlasaMgha sarasvatI gaccha ke bhaTrAraka-bhaTrAraka jJAnabhUSaNa dvitIya ke praziSya aura bha0 prabhAcandra ke ziSya the| yaha apane samaya ke acche vidvAna kavi aura pratiSThAcArya the / inako paTTa paramparA nimna prakAra hai:-vidyAnandi ke paTTadhara mallibhUSaNa, unake paTTadhara lakSmIcandra, voracandra, jJAnabhUSaNa, prabhAcandra aura inake paTTadhara vAdicandra / inako gaddI gujarAta meM kahI para thii| inakI nimna racanAe upalabdha haiM-pArzvapurANa, jJAnasUryodaya nATaka, pavanadUta, subhaga sulocanA carita, zrIpAla pAkhyAna, pANDavapurANa, aura yazodhara crit| holikA carita ora ambikA kathA / pArzvapurANa-isa grantha meM 1500 padya hai jinameM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kA carita akita hai| isa grantha ko kavi ne vi0 saM0 1640 kArtika sudo 5 ke dina bAlmIki nagara meM banAyA hai ' / vAdicandra ne apane guru prabhAcandra ko bauddha, kANAda, bhATTa, mImAMsaka, sAMkhya, vaizeSika Adi ko jItane vAlA aura apane ko unakA paTTa suzobhita karane vAlA prakaTa kiyA hai bauddho mUDhati bauddha bhitimatiH kANAdako mUkati, bhaTTo bhRtyati bhAvanApratibhaTo mImAMsako mandati / sAMkhyaH ziSyati sarvathaivakathanaM vaizeSiko kati, yasya jJAnapANato vijayatAM so'yaM prbhaacndrmaa|| jJAnasaryodaya nATaka-yaha eka saskRta nATaka hai, jo 'prabodhacandrodaya' nAmaka nATaka ke uttara rUpa meM likhA gayA hai| kRSNamizrayati parivrAjaka ne bundelakhaNDa ke candela vaMzo rAjA kIrtivarmA ke samaya meM ukta nATaka racA hai| kahA jAtA hai ki vi0 saM0 1122 meM ukta rAjA ke sAmane yaha nATaka khelA bhI gayA thaa| isake tIsare aMka meM kSapaNaka (jaina muni) ko nindita evaM ghRNita pAtra rUpa meM citrita kiyA hai| vaha dekhane meM rAkSasa jasA hai ora zrAvakoM ko upadeza detA hai ki tuma dUra se caraNa vandanA karo, ora yadi hama tumhArI striyoM ke sAtha ati prasaga kare to tamheM IrSA nahIM karanI cAhiye / prAdi / usI kA uttara vAdicandra ne diyA hai| donoM nATakoM kI tulanA karane se pAtro ko samAnatA hai, dono ke padya pAra gadya vAkya kucha hera phara ke sAtha milate hai| astu, kavi na isa grantha ko racanA vi0 saM0 1748 meM madhUka nagara (mahumA) meM samApta kA thI vasu-veda-rasAbjake varSe mAghe sittASTamI divase / zrImanmadhUkanagara siddho'yaM bodhasaMrabhaH / / pavana dUta-yaha eka khaNDa kAvya hai, jisakI padya sakhyA 101 hai| jisa taraha kAlidAsa ke virahI yakSa ne megha ke dvArA apanI patnI ke pAsa sandeza bhejA hai, usI taraha isame ujjayinI ke rAjA vijaya na apanA prANAprayA tArA ke pAsa, jise prazanivega nAma kA vidyAdhara hara le gayA thA, pavana ko dUta banAkara viraha sandeza bhejA hai| yaha racanA sundara aura sarasa hai / apane padya meM kavi ne apane nAma ke sivAya anya koI paricaya nahI diyA hai / padya sa spaSTa hai ki yaha racanA vigatavasana vAdicandra kA hai / yaha vAdicandra vahI hai jA jJAna sUryodaya nATaka ke kattA hai| subhaga sulocanA caritra-isa grantha kI eka prati IDara ke zAstra bhaDAra meM hai / prazasti se jAna par3atA hai ki 1. tatpaTTamaNDanaM sUridicandrA vyarIracat / purANametatpAzvasya vAdivRnda ziromaNiH // 2 zUnyavedarAsAbjAke varSe pakSe samujvale / kAtike mAsi pacamyA bAlmIka nagare mudaa||3 pA0 pu0pra0 2. pAdau natvA jagaduyakRsvartha sAmarthyavantau vighnadhvAntaprasara taraNeH zAntinAthasya bhaktyA / zrota caitatsadasi guNitAvAyudtAbhidhAnaM, kAvyaM cakre vigatavasanaH svlpdhiirvaadicndrH|| -pavana-drata

Page #567
15vI, 16, 17vIM aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi 533 yaha grantha sugama saMskRta meM likhA gayA hai / vAdicandra ke ziSya sumatisAgara ne vi0 saM0 1661 meM vyArA (nagara) meM likhA thA " / zrIpAla zrAkhyAna - yaha eka gItikAvya hai jo gujarAtI mizrita hindI bhASA meM hai, aura jise kavi ne saM0 1651 meM saghapati dhanajI savA kI preraNA se banAyA thA / pANDava purANa - isa grantha meM pANDavoM kA carita akita kiyA gayA hai jisako racanA kavi ne vi0 saM0 meM 'samApta kI hai| 1654 veda vANa SaDabjAMke varSe nabhasi mAsake / bodhakA nagare'kAri pANDavAnAM prabandhakaH // - terApaMthI bar3A mandira, jayapura yazodhara carita - isame yazodhara kA jIvana-paricaya diyA huA hai / kavi ne isa grantha ko akanezvara (bharAMca) ke cintAmaNi pArzvanAtha mandira me vi0 sa0 1657 meM racA hai / eka paMca - SaDaikAMka varSe nabhasi mAsake / mudAkathAmenAM vAdicandro vidAMvaraH // inake atirikta kavi kI holikA carita prora gramvikA kathA do racanAeM vatalAI jAtI hai, jo mere dekhane meM nahIM AI / AdityavAra kathA yAra dvAdaza bhAvanA hindI kI racanAeM hai / eka do gujarAtI racanAeM bhI inakI kahI jAtI hai / kavi kA samaya 17vI zatAbdI hai / 1 kavi rAjamalla kASThA sagha mAtharagaccha puSkaragaNa ke bhaTTArakoM kI AmnAya ke vidvAn the usa samaya paTTa para bha0 khamakorti virAjamAna the / kavi rAjamalla 17vI zatAbdI ke pratibhA sampanna vidvAna aura kavi the / vyAkaraNa, siddhAnta, chanda zAstra ra syAdvAdavidyA meM pAragata the / syAdvAda aura adhyAtmazAstra ke talasparzI vidvAna the| rAjamalla ne svaya lATI sahitA kA saMghiyA meM apana kA syAdvAdAnavadya gadya-padya-vidyA vizArada vidvanmaNi' likhA hai' / kundakundAcAya ke samayasArAdi granthoM ke gahare abhyAsI the / unhone jana mAnasa meM adhyAtma viSaya ko pratiSThita karana ke 1. vihAya pada kAThinya sugamervacanotkaraiH / cakAra caritaM sAdhvyA vadicandro'lpamedhasAm // iti bhaTTAraka prabhAcandrAnucaramUri zrI vAdicandra viracitaM navamaH paricchedaH samAptaH // sa0 1661 varSa phAlguna mAse sudi pacamyAM tithI zrI vyArA nagare zAntinAtha caityAlaye zrI mUlasaMgha kundakundAnvaye bha0 jJAnabhUpaNAH bha0 zrI prabhAcandrAH bha0 vAdicandrasya ziSya brahma zrI sumatisAgareNa ida carita likhitaM jJAnAvaraNIya karmakSayArthamiti / 2. saMvat sola ekAvanA varSoM kIdhAM y parabaMdhajI / bhaviyana thira mana karIne surAjyo nita sabadha jI // dAna dIje jina pUjA kIje samakita mana rAkhije jI / sUtraja bhaNie navakAra vaNie asatya na vibhaSije jI // 10 lobhava tajI brahma dharIje saoNbhalyAnuM phala eha jI / / e gIta je naranArI suraNa se aneka maMgala taru geha jI // 11 saMghapati dhanajI savA vacaneM kIdhoe parabaMdha jI // kevalI zrIpAla putra sahita tumha nitya karo jayakAra jI // 12 3. itizrI syAdvAdAnavadya gadyapadya vidyAvizArada - rAja malla viracitAyAM zrAvakAcArApara nAma lATIsaMhitAyAM sAdhudAtmaja - phAmanamanaH sarojAravidavikAzanaika mArtaNDa maNDalAyamAnAyAM kathAmukha varNanaM nAma prathamaH sargaH //

Page #568
534 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 lie AcArya amRtacandra ke samaya sAra kalaza ke padyoM kI khaMDAnvayI TIkA likhI thI / isa TIkA ke adhyayana se aneka loga adhyAtmarasa kA pAna karane ko samartha ho sake haiM / ApakA vyaktitva prabhAvazAlI thA, aura unake citta meM jana kalyANa kI bhAvanA sadA jAgRta rahatI thii| unhoMne aneka sthAnoM para vihAra kara janatA ko kalyANamArga kA upadeza diyA thA / khAsakara rAjasthAna ke mAravAr3a aura mevAr3a deza meM vihAra kara janakalyANa karate hue yaza aura pratiSThA prApta kI thii| unakA vizuddha pariNAma aura sarvopakAriNI buddhi ina donoM guNoM kA ekatra sammelana unake bauddhika jIvana kI vizeSatA thii| inhIM se sAhitya saMsAra meM unake yaza saurabha kA vistAra ho rahA thaa| unakI adhyAtmakamala mArtaNDa aura paMcAdhyAyI kRtiyA~ unake adhyAtmAnubhava ora syAdvAdasaraNI kI nirdezaka haiN| ve jahA~ jAte vahA~ unakA svAgata hotA thaa| unheM praagr| meM zAhajahAM ke rAjyakAla meM kucha samaya rahane kA avasara milA hai| unhoMne zAhajahA~ ko najadIka se dekhA hai / aura jambUsvAmI carita meM usakI vizeSatAoM kA digdarzana bhI karAyA hai| gujarAta vijaya kA varNana karate hue likhA hai / usane 'jajiyAkara' chor3a diyA thA aura zarAba bhI banda kara dI thii| "mumoca zulkaM tvaya jejiyAbhidhaM, sa yAvadaMbhodhara bhUdharAdharaM // " 27 "pramAdamAdAyajaH pravartate kudharmavameSu yataH pramattadhIH / tato'pi madhaM tadavadyakAraNaM nivArayAmAsa vidAMbaraH shi||" 26 -jaMbU svAmicarita usa samaya AgarA meM akabara bAdazAha ke khAsa adhikArI kRSNAmaMgala caudharI nAma ke kSatriya the, jo ThAkara aura arajAnI putra bhI kahalAte the aura indrazrI ko prApta the| unake Age 'gaDhamallasAha' nAma ke eka vaiSNava dharmAvalambI dUsare adhikArI the, jo bar3e paropakArI the| kavi ne unheM paropakArArtha zAzvatI lakSmI prApta karane kA AzIrvAda diyA hai / jambU svAmI carita kI racanA karAne vAle sAhU ToDara una donoM ke khAsa prItipAtra the, unheM kavi ne TakasAla ke kArya meM dakSa batalAyA hai : "tayoddhayoH prItirasAmRtAtmakaH sabhAtinAnATakasAra dakSakaH / " sAhU ToDara bhaTAnikola (alIgar3ha) ke nivAsI agravAla the, inakA gotra garga thA / yaha kASThA saMghI bhaTTAraka kumArasena kI AmnAya ke zreSThI the / kavi ne inhIM kumArasena ke paTTa para kramaza: hemacandra, padmanandI, yazaHkIrti aura kSemakIti kA pratiSThita honA likhA hai| ___ kavi rAjamalla kI nimna kRtiyA~ upalabdha haiM-jambU svAmI caritra, adhyAtma-kamala mArtaNDa, samayasArakalazaTIkA, lATI sahitA, chandovidyA aura pNcaadhyaayii| racanA-paricaya jambUsvAmI caritra--isameM antima kevalI jambU svAmI ke caritra kA aMkana kiyA gayA hai / isa kAvya meM 13 sarga aura 2400 ke lagabhaga zloka haiN| isa grantha kI racanA kavi ne Agare meM kI hai, ataH Agare kA varNana karanA svAbhAvika hai / vahA~ ke zAsaka zAhajahA~ kA acchA varNana kiyA hai aura usake kAryoM ko prazaMsA bhI kI hai| kAvya rAgya pradhAna hai| kahIM para yuddha kA varNana karate hae vIra rasa pA gayA hai, kahIM dharmazAstra aura nIti kA varNana hai| jambUkumAra ke sAtha unakI striyoM aura vidyuccara ke jo saMvAda hue haiM ve bahuta hI rocaka haiM / aitihAsika dRSTi se bhI mahatva ke haiM / isa grantha kI racanA sAhU ToDara ke anurodha se huI hai jisane pracura dravya vyaya karake mathurA meM 514 stUpoM kA jIrNoddhAra kiyA thA / aura unakI pratiSThA caturvidha saMgha ke samakSa jyeSTha mahIne ke zukla pakSa meM dvAdazI budhavAra ke dina kI thI' / pratiSThAdi kArya rAjamalla dvArA sampanna huA thaa| isa grantha kI racanA kavi ne saM0 1632 meM 2. savatsare gatAbdAnAM zatAnAM SoDagaMkramAt, zuddhastriMzadbhiradazca sAdhikaM dadhati sphuTam 119 zubhe jyeSThe mahAmAse zukla pakSe mahodaye, dvAdazyAM budhavAre sthAdghaTInAM ca navopari, / -caMbU svAmi caritra 1,11920

Page #569
15trI, 16vIM, 17vIM aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi 535 caitra vadI aSTamI ke dina punarvasu nakSatra meM kI hai| adhyAtma-kamala-mArtaNDa- isameM cAra pariccheda haiM aura 250 zloka haiM, racanA praur3ha hai, isameM mokSa, mokSa mArga kA lakSaNa, dravya sAmAnya, dravya vizeSa aura antima caturtha pariccheda meM sAtatatva nau padArthoM kA varNana hai| kavi ne grantha ke prArambha meM cidAtmabhAva ko namaskAra kiyA hai, aura saMsAra tApa kI zAnti ke lie mohanIya karma ko nAza karane ke lie grantha kI racanA kI hai| samayasArakalaza TIkA-kavi ne prAcArya pramatacandra dvArA racita samayasAra kI prAtmakhyAti TIkA ke saMskRta padyoM meM usake hArda ko abhivyakta karane vAle jo kalaza rUpa padya diye haiM, unhIM padyoM ko hRdayaMgama kara unakI khaMDAnvayAtmaka bAlabodha TIkA likhI hai| yaha TIkA jinAgama, guruupadeza, mukti aura svAnubhava pratyakSa ko pramANa kara likhI gaI hai / yadyapi TokA kI bhASA DhuMDhArI braja-rAjasthAnI mizrita hai phira bhI gadya kAvya sambandhI zailI aura lAlityAdi vizepatAoM se prota-prota hai| par3hate hI citta meM AhlAda utpanna karatI hai| ___TIkA meM pratyeka zloka ke pada-vAkyoM kA zabdazaH arya karate hue usake mathitArtha ko 'bhAvArtha isyo' vAkya dvArA prakaTa kiyA hai| khaMDAnvaya meM vizeSaNoM aura tatsambandhI sandarbho kA spaSTIkaraNa bAda meM kiyA jAtA hai| rAjamalla kI isa TIkA meM ukta paddhati se hI vivecana kiyA gayA hai / TIkA meM aneka vizepatAeM pAI jAtI hai / jAna par3atA hai kavi ne samaya sArAdi granthoM kA khUba manana kiyA thaa| unhoMne usakA anubhava hone para hI isa TIkA kI racanA kI hai / TIkA kaba racI gaI, isakA ullekha nahIM miltaa| TIkA manana karane yogya hai| ___ kavi ne isa TIkA kA nirmANa saMvat 1680 se pUrva 1640 meM kiyA hai kyoMki 1680 meM arathamalaDhora ne yaha banArasodAsa ko dI hai| usake pracAra-prasAra meM samaya lagA hogaa| lATI saMhitA-yaha prAcAra-zAstra kA grantha hai| isameM sAta sarga aura padyoM kI saMkhyA 1600 ke lagabhaga hai| kavi ne isa racanA ko anucchipTa aura navIna batalAyA hai / kavi ne yaha gaza agravAla vaMzAvatasa magala gotrIM sAha dUdA ke putra saMgha ke adhipati 'phAmana' nAma ke zreSThI ke lie banAyA hai| kavi phAmana ke vaMza kA vistRta varNana karate hue phAmana ke pUrvajoM kA mUla nivAsa sthAna 'DaukIna' nagarI batalAyA hai| phAmana ne bairATa nagara ke 'tAlhU' nAma ke vidvAna kI kRpA se dharma-lAbha kiyA thaa| jo bhaTTAraka hemacandra kI AmnAya ke bAlaka the / bairATa nAma kA yaha nagara vahI prasiddha nagara jAna par3atA hai jo rAjA virATa kI rAjadhAnI thA, jo matsya deza meM sthita thA aura jahA~ banavAsa ke samaya pANDava loga gupta rUpa meM rahe haiM / yaha nagara jayapura se lagabhaga 40 mIla dUra hai / kavi ne isa nagara kI khuba prazaMsA kI hai| vahAM usa samaya akabara bAdazAha kA zAsana thA aura nagara koTa-khAI se yukta thA / usakI parvatamAlA meM tAMbe kI kitanI hI khAne thI jinase tAMbA nikAlA jAtA thaa| nagara meM U~ca sthAna para phAmana ke baDe bhAI nyoto ne eka vizAla jinamandira kA nirmANa karAyA thA jo eka kIrti stambha hI thaa| yaha digambara jainamandira bahata vizAla aura aneka sundara citroM se alaMkRta thaa| yaha mandira pArzvanAtha ke nAma se loka 1. dekho, jambU svAmIcarita ke anta kI gadya prshsti| 2. adhyAtmakamala mArtaNDa ke prArambha ke cAra padya / 3. satyaM dharma rasAyano yadi tadA mAM prazikSayopa kamAta sAroddhAramivApyanugrahatayA svalpAkSara sAravat / ApaM cApi mRdUktibhi. sphuTamacchiSTaM navInaM mahanirmANaM paridhehi saMgha napatirbhUyApyavAdIditi // 76 lATI saMhitA 4. tatrAdyasya varo suto varaguNo nyotAhva saMghAdhipo, yenaitajjinamandiraM sphuTamiha prottuMgamatyadbhutaM / vairATe nagare nidhAya vidhivatpUjAzca bahvayaH kRtAH / patrAmutra sukhapradaH svayazasaH staMbhaH samAropitaH / / 72 lATI saMhitA

Page #570
536 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 prasiddha thaa| isI mandira meM baiTha kara kavi ne isa grantha kI racanA vikrama saMvat 1641 meM prAzvina zuklA dazamI ravivAra ke dina banAkara samApta kI hai, jaisA ki usakI prazasti ke nimna padyoM se prakaTa hai : zrInapavikramAdityarAjye pariNate sati sahaika catvAriMzadbhirabdAnAM zataSoDaza // 2 tatrApya'zvinImAse sitapakSe shubhaanvite| dazamyAM dAzarathezca zobhane ravivAsare // 3 grantha ke prathama sarga meM kathA mukha varNana hai| aura dopa chaha sargoM meM grantha kAra ne ATha mulagUNa, sAta vyasana, samyagdarzana tathA zrAvaka ke 12 vratoM kA vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA hai / samyagdarzana kA varNana karane ke lie do sarga aura ahiMsANavata ke lie eka sarga kI svataMtra racanA kI gaI hai| chando vidyA-isa grantha kI 28 patrAtmaka eka mAtra prati dillI ke paMcAyatI mandira ke zAstrabhaNDAra meM maujUda hai, jo bahuta hI jorNa-zIrNa dazA meM hai / aura jisakI zloka saMkhyA 550 ke lagabhaga hai| isameM guru aura laghu akSaroM kA svarUpa batalAte hae likhA hai-jo dIrgha hai, jisake para bhAga meM saMyukta varNa hai, jo vindu (anusvAra-visarga se yakta hai-pAdAnta hai vaha guru hai, dvimAtrika hai aura usakA svarUpa vakra (5) hai / jo eka mAtrika hai vaha lagha hotA hai aura usakA rUpa zabda-vakratA se rahita sarala (1) hai ! dIho saMjuttavaro vidujumo yAlipro (?) vicaraNaMte / __sa gurU vakaM dumato aNNo lahu hoi zuddha ekprlo|| isake Age chanda zAstra ke niyama-upaniyamoM tathA unake apavAdoM Adi kA varNana kiyA hai| isa piMgala grantha meM prAkRta saMskRta apabhraza aura hindI ina cAra bhASAoM ke padyoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / jinameM prAkRta aura apabhraMza bhASA kI pradhAnatA hai unameM chandoM ke niyama, lakSaNa aura udAharaNa diye haiN| saMskRta bhASA meM bhI niyama pAye jAte haiN| aura hindI meM bhI kucha udAharaNa milate haiN| isame kavi kI racanA cAturya aura kAvya pravatti kA paricaya milatA hai| chando vidyA ke nidarzaka isa piMgala grantha kI racanA bhAramalla ke liye kI gaI hai| rAjA bhAramalla kA kula zrImAla aura gotra rAMkyANa thaa| unake pitA kA nAma devadatta thA, nAgaura ke nivAsI the| usa samaya nAgaura meM tapAgaccha ke sAdha candrakIti paTTa para sthita the| bhAramalla unhIM kI grAmnAya ke sampattizAlI vaNika the / bhAramalla ke pUrvaja 'raMkArAu' ke prathama rAjapUta the| puna: zrIbhAla aura zrIpura paTTana ke nivAsI the| phira grAbU meM guru ke upadeza se zrAvaka dharma dhAraka hue the, unhIM kI vaMza paramparA meM bhAramalla hue the| paDhamaM bhUpAlaM puNu siribhAlaM siripura paTTaNa vAsu, puNu prAbU desi guru uvaesi sAvaya dhammaNivAsu / dhaNa dhammahaNilayaM saMghaha tilayaM raMkArAU sa riMdu, tA vaMza paraMpara dhammadhuraMdhara bhArahamalla gariMdu // 116 (marahaTTA) bhAramalla ke do putra the-indrarAja aura ajyraaj| indrarAja indrAvatAra jasa naMdana dilTa, ajayarAja rAjAdhirAja saba kajja grittr| svAmI dAsa nivAsa lacchi bahU sAhi samANaM / soyaM bhArahamalla hema-haya-kajara-dAnaM // 131 (roDaka) bhAramalla koTyAdhIza the, sAMbhara jhIla aura aneka bhU-parvatoM kI khAnoM ke adhipati the| saMbhavataH TakasAla bhI prApake hAthoM meM thii| Apake bhaNDAra meM pacAsa karoDa sone kA TakkA (azaphiyA~) maujada thiiN| jahA~ pApa dhanI the vahA~ dAnI bhI the| bAdazAha akabara prApakA sammAna karatA thaa| kavi ne inakA pratizayoktipUrNa varNana kiyA hai| grantha meM racanA kAla nahIM diyaa| yaha racanA bhAramalla ko prasanna karane ko likhI gaI hai|

Page #571
15vIM, 16vIM, 17vIM aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya bhaTTAraka, aura kavi 537 nAgaura se kavivara vairATa pAye / aura ve vahA~ ke pArzvanAtha jinamandira meM rahane lge| vaha nagara unheM prati priya huA / vahA~ lATI saMhitA ke nirmANa karate samaya unake dila meM eka grantha banAne kA utsAha jAgRta huaa| paMcAdhyAyo-kavi ne ima grantha kI pAMca adhyAyoM meM likhane kI pratijJA kI thii| ve usakA DeDha adhyAya hI banA sake kheda hai| ki bIca meM hI Ayu kA kSaya hone me ve use pUrA nahIM kara sake / yaha samAja kA durbhAgya hI hai| kavi ne AcArya kunda kunda aura amanacandrAcArya ke granthoM kA dohana karake isa grantha kI racanA kI hai| grantha meM dravya sAmAnya kA svarUpa anekAnta dRSTi me pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| aura dravya ke guNa paryAya tathA utpAda vyaya dhrauvya kA acchA vicAra kiyA hai| dravya kSetra kAla-bhAva kI apekSA ugake svarUpa kA nibadhi cintana kiyA hai| nayoM ke bheda aura unakA svarUpa, nizcaya naya aura vyavahAra naya kA spaSTa kathana kiyA hai| khAsakara samyagdarzana ke vivecana meM jo vizeSatA dapTigocara hoto hai vaha kavi ke anubhava ko dyotaka hai| vAstava meM kavi ne jisa vipaya kA sparza kiyA usakA sAgopAMga vivecana svaccha darpaNa ke samAna kholavara sapTa rakha diyA hai / grantha rAja ke kathana kI vizeSatA apUrva ora adabhata hai| usameM pravacanasAra kA sAra jo samAyA huA hai, jo dono granthoM kI tulanA se spaSTa hai| usa mamaya kavi kA svAnubhava bar3hA hanA thA / yadi grantha pUrA likhA jAnA tA vaha eka pUrNa molika kRti hotI / grantha ko kathana zailI gahana aura bhASA prauDha hai| grantha adhyayana pora manana karane ke yogya hai / varNI granthamAlA se isakA prakAzana huA hai| kavi kA samaya 11 vI gatAbdI hai| kavi zAha ThAkura vaMza paricaya-kavi kI jAti khaMDelavAla aura gotra lUhAcyA yA luhADiyA thaa| yaha vaMza rAjyamAnya rahA hai| zAha ThAkura sAha sIlhA ke praputra aora sAhu gyatA ke putra the, jo deva-zAstra-guru ke bhakta aura vidyAvinodI the. unakA vidvAnoM se vidopa prema thaa| kavi sagIta zAstra, chanda alaMkAra Adi meM nipuNa the aura kavitA karane meM unheM Ananda prAtA thaa| unakI patnI yati pora thAvakoM kA popaNa karane meM sAvadhAna thI, usakA nAma 'ramAI thaa| yAcaka jana usako koni kA gAna kiyA karate the| usake do putra the govindadAsa ora dharmadAsa / inake bhI putrAdika the| isa taraha zAhaThAkura kA parivAra sampanna parivAra thaa| inameM dharmadAsa vizeSa dharmajJa aura sampUrNa kuTumba kA bhAra vahana karane vAlA, vinayo aura guru bhakta thaa| mahApurANa kalikA kI prazasti meM unakA vistata paricaya diyA huA hai| garu paramparA-mUla sagha, sarasvatI gaccha ke bhaTTAraka prabhAcandra, padmanandI, zubhacandra, jinacandra, prabhAcanda candrakoti prora vizAnakAti ke ziSya the| inake praguru bha0 prabhAcandra jinacandra ke paTTadhara the, jo SaTa tarka meM nipuNa tathA karkaza vAggirA ke dvArA aneka kaviyoM ke vijetA the, pora jinakA paTTAbhiSeka saM0 1571 meM sammeda zikhara para suvarNa kalazoM se kiyA gayA thA / inhI prabhAcandra ke paTTadhara bha0 candrakIti the| inakA paTTAbhiSeka bhI ukta sammeda zikhara para huA thA / lakSmaNagar3ha ke digambara jaina mandira meM eka pASANa mUrti hai jise saM0 16. meM khaMDela vaza ke zAha chAjU ke putra nAraNa mana ke putra gUjara ne mUlasara naMdyAmnAya ke bhaTTAraka candrakIti dvArA prati. 1. paTTAvatI ke 32,33,34 padyoM meM prabhAcandra ke sammeda gigvara para hone vAle paTTAbhiSeka kA varNana hai| usake bAda nimna 35 veM padya meM candrakIti ke paTTAbhiSeka kA kathana kiyA gayA hai / zrI matprabhAcandra gaNIndra paTTe bhaTTAraka zrI muni candrakItiHsaMssrApito yo'vaninAthavRndaH sammeda nAmnIha girIndra mUni // 35 prastuta prabhAcandra cittaur3a kI gaddI ke bhaTTAraka the, aura candrakIti kA paTTAbhiSeka 1622 meM sammeda zikhara para hamA thaa| inakI jAti khaMDelavAla aura gotra godhA thaa| isa paTTAvalI meM vizAlakIrti kA ullekha nahIM hai|

Page #572
jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 538 Thita karAyA thA / unhIM ke samasAmayika ukta vizAlakIrti the, jinako kavi ne guru rUpa se ullekhita kiyA hai / yadyapi vizAlakIrti nAma ke kaI bhaTTAraka ho gae haiM, parantu prastuta vizAlakIti nAgaura ke paTTadhara jJAta hote haiM / grantha racanA - zAha ThAkura ke do grantha mere avalokana meM prAye haiM- mahApurANa kalikA, aura zAnti nAtha carita / ye donoM hI graMtha ajamera ke bhaTTArakIya bhaMDAra meM upalabdha haiM / inameM mahApurANa kalikA meM tresaTha zalAkA puruSoM kA paricaya hindI padyoM meM diyA hai, kahIM-kahIM usameM saMskRta padya bhI milate haiM / bhASA meM apabhraMza aura dezI zabdoM kA bAhulya hai| isa grantha kI racanA kavi ne 27 sandhiyoM meM pUrNa kI hai| isakA racanA kAla saM0 1650 hai / usa samaya dillI meM humAU~ nandana akabara kA rAjya thA / zraura jayapura meM mAnasiMha kA rAjya thA / kavi ne isa tresaTha puNya puruSoM kI kathA ko ajJAna vinAzaka, bhava janma chedana karane vAlI, pAvanI aura zubha karane vAlI batalAyA hai / yA janmAbhavacheda nirNayakarI yA brahma brahma zvarI / yA saMsAravibhAvabhAvanaparA yA dharmakamApurI / prajJAnAdathadhvaMsinI zubhakarI jJeyA sadA pAvanI, yA vesaTThipurANa uttamakathA bhavyA sadA yApunaH // mahA purANa kalikA kavi kI dUsarI kRti 'zAnti nAtha purANa' hai jo apabhraMza bhASA kI racanA hai, jisameM pAMca sandhiyA~ haiM / afa ne unameM zAntinAtha kA jIvana paricaya aMkita kiyA hai| jo cakravartI kAmadeva aura tIrthakara the / racanA sAdhAraNa hai / kavi ne sIdhe-sAde zabdoM meM jIvana-gAthA aMkita kI hai / kavi ne yaha vikrama saM0 1652 bhAdra zuklA paMcamI ke dina cakattA vaMza ke jalAluddIna akabara bAdazAha ke zAsana kAla meM, DhUMDhADa deza ke kacchapa vaMzI rAjA mAnasiMha ke rAjya meM luvAiNI pura meM samApta kiyA hai / usa samaya mAnasiMha kI rAjadhAnI grAmara thI / kavi kI anya racanAoM kA anveSaNa karanA Avazyaka hai / kavi kA samaya 17vIM zatAbdI kA madhyakAla hai / bhaTTAraka vizvasena saMgha ke nandita gaccha rAmasenAnvaya ke bhaTTAraka vizAlakIrti ke ziSya the / 1. dekho, prAcIna jaina smAraka madhyabhArata va rAjapUtAnA pR0 1966 2. " kalyANaM koti loke jasu bhavati jage maMDalAcArya paTTe, nadyAmnAye sugacche subhaga zrutamate bhAratIkAra mUrte / so'yaM me vaizya vaMze Thakura guruyate kIrti nAmA vizAlo / / " 3. savat citi AriNa jo jagi jAraNI solasai paMcAsaile / saTI sudi mAha aru guru lAha revatI narivata pavaraNa bhale // duvaI - kiya kavi mahApurisa guraNa kalikA sui saMboha sAraNeM / bhavi pavvaharaNAi jidda budhI paiDahu bhuvaNi kavi iNeM // 3 4. sAhi akavara dillI maMDale humAUM naMdana ca khaMDale, pubvA pacchima kUTa duhAi uttara dakkhiNa savva apaNAi / 5. saMvata solAsai subhaga sAli, bAvana varisau Upari visAli / bhAdava sudi paMcami subhaga vAri, dillI maMDalu besahu mAri akabara jalAladI pAti sAhi, vArai tahu rAjA mAnasAhi / kurabhavaMsi AMvari sAni, bUDhAhaDa dehu sobhirAma - zAntinAtha carita prazasti, bhaTTArakIya ajamera bhaNDAra mahApurANa kalikA sandhi 23

Page #573
- - 15vIM, 16vIM, 17vIM aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAka aura kavi 536 vizAlakotizca vizAlakotiH jambU mAMke vimaleza devaH / vibhAti vidyArNava eva nityaM vairAgyapAthonidhi zuddhacetAH // zrIvizvaseno yativRndamukhyo virAjate vItabhayaH salIlaH / svatarka nirnAzita sarvaDimbhaH vikhyAtakItijitamAramUtiH // 55 // kavi kI ekamAtra kRti 'SaNNavati kSetrapAla' pUjA hai| kavi ne usameM racanA kAla nahIM diyaa| ataeva yaha nizcita karanA kaThina hai ki bha0 vizvasena ne isakI racanA kaba kii| inhoMne saM0 1596 meM eka mUrti kI pratiSThA kI thii| inake dvArA racI ArAdhanAsAra kI TIkA sena gaNa bhaMDAra nAgapura meM upalabdha hai| ___ bhaTTAraka zrIbhUSaNa ne apane zAntinAtha purANa meM apanI guru paramparA kA ullekha karate hue vizAlakIrti ke ziSya bha0 vizvasena kA ullekha kiyA hai| inake ziSya vidyAbhUSaNa the| ataeva inakA samaya vikrama kI 16vIM zatAbdI kA antima caraNa hai| bha0 vidyAbhUSaNa kASThA saMgha nandI taTagaccha aura vidyAgaNa ke vidvAna bhaTAraka vizvasena sUri ke ziSya the| saMskRta aura gujarAtI bhASA ke vidvAn the| inakI saMskRta aura hindo gujarAtI mizrita aneka racanAe upalabdha hai| jambUsvAmI caritra, varddhamAna caritra, bAraha sA cauMtIsa vidhAna palyavidhAna pUjA, RSimaNDala yatra pUjA, vRhatkalikuNDa pUjA, siddhayaMtra matroddhAra stvn-puujn| inameM jambUsvAmI caritra kI racanA saM0 1653 meM kI hai, aura palya vidhAna pUjA kI racanA savata 1614 meM samApta kI hai| ___ inake upadeza se baDaudA ke vADI muhalle ke di. jaina mandira meM pArzvanAtha kI pratimA saM0 1604 meM pratiSThita karAI thI jise inako dIkSita zipyA huvaDa anaMtamatI ne kI thii| inhoMne gujarAto meM bhaviSyadattarAsa kI racanA saM0 1600 meM ko thii| dvAdazAnuprakSA (dvAdaza bhaavnaa)| nemIzvara phAga 315 padyoM meM raco gaI haiN| yaha eka sAthiyaka kRti hai, isake 251 padyAM meM neminAtha kA jIvana paricaya prakita kiyA gayA hai daza bhavAntaroM ke saath| isake prArambha ke do padya saskRta meM haiM aura kahIM-kahIM madhya meM bhI saskRta padya pAye jAte hai| inakA samaya 1600 se 1653 taka sunizcita hai| yaha 17vI zatAbdI ke bhaTTAraka hai / bhaTTAraka zrIbhUSaNa yaha kASThA sagha nandi taTagaccha aura vidyA gaNa meM prasiddha hone vAle rAmasena, nemisena, lakSmIsena, dharmasena, vimalasana, vizAlakoti, aura vizvasana, Adi bhaTTArako ko paramparA meM hone vAle bhaTTAra paTTadhara tha / pAra sAjitrA (gujarAta) ko gaddI ke paTTadhara the| bhaTTAraka samudAya se jJAta hotA hai ki inake pitA kA nAma kRSNAsAha aura mAtA kA nAma mAkuhA thaa| acche vidvAna the, parantu mUlasaMgha se vidveSa rakhate the| usake prati unakA tAva kaSAya thI / paM0 nAthUrAma jA pramo ne apana jaina sAhitya pora itihAsa ke pRSTha 361 meM unake pratibAdhacintAmaNi' nAmaka saMskRta grantha kA paricaya karAyA hai| usase unakI usa vidvaSa rUpa pariNati kA sahaja hI padAphAza ho jAtA hai / sAjitrA meM kASThA saMgha ke bhaTTArakA ko gahI thI, jo aba nahI hai| bha0 vidyAbhUSaNa sa0 1604 meM ukta paTTa para maujUda the / ukta samvat meM unake upadeza se pArzvanAtha kI mUrti kI pratiSThA hUMbaDa 1. saM0 1566 varSe phA0 vadi 2 sobhe kASThA saMghe narasihapurA jJAtIya nAgara gotra bha. ratnazrI bhA0 lIlAde nitya praNamati bha. zrI vizvasena pratiSThA / -bha. sampradAya pR0 269

Page #574
540 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 jJAtIya anantamatI ne karAI thii| zrIbhUSaNa ukta paTTa para kaba pratiSThita hae isakA spaSTa nirdeza nahIM miltaa| kintu pANDava purANa ke saM0 1657 kI prazasti se jJAta hotA hai ki ve ukta paTTa para pratiSThita ho cake the| saM0 1634 meM inakA zvetAmbaroM se bAda humA thA jisase unheM deza tyAga karanA par3A thaa| inhoMne bAdicandra ko bhI bAda meM parAjita kiyA thaa| zrIbhaSaNa ke ziSya bha0 candrakIti ne apane guru zrIbhUSaNa ko saccAritra taponidhi, vidvAnoM ke abhimAna zikhara ko toDane vAlA vaja, aura syAdvAdavidyAcaraNa batalAyA hai| yaha pratiSThAcArya bhI the / inhoMne saM0 1636 meM pArzvanAtha kI mUrti sthApita kI thii| aura saM0 1660 meM padmAvatI kI mUrti kI pratiSThA kI thii| tatpaTTAmbara bhUSaNakatariNaH syaadvaadvidyaacinno|1| vidvadvanda kulAbhimAnazikharI prdhvNstiivaashniH| saccAritra taponidhidharmanivaro vidvatsuziSya bajaH, zrI zrIbhUSaNa sarirAT vijayet zrI kASThA saMghAgraNI // 72 ApakI nimna kRtiyA~ upalabdha haiM -pANDava purANa, zAntinAtha purANa, harivaza purANa, anantavrata pUjA, jyeSTha jinavara vratodyApana catavizati tIrthakara pUjA, dvAdazAga pUjA / pANDava purANa-isa meM pANDavoM kA carita aMkita gayA hai, jisakI zloka saMkhyA chaha hajAra sAta sau batalAI gaI hai| kavi ne isa grantha ko vi0 samvata 1657, pUsa mahIne kI zukla pakSa kI tRtIyA ravivAra ke dina parNa kiyA hai zrI vikramArka samayAgata SoDazArke satsuMdarAkRti vare zubhavatsare vai| varSe kRtaM sukhakaraM supurANametat pacAzaduttara susapta yute (1657) vareNye / / pausa mAse tathA zukle nakSatre tRtiyAdine / 110 ravivAre zubheyoge caritaM nirmitaM mayA // 111 -isameM bhagavAna zAntinAtha kA jIvana paricaya aMkita hai jisakI padya saMkhyA 4025 batalAI gaI hai| prazasti meM kavi ne apanI paTTa paramparA ke bhaTTArakoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| kavi ne isa grantha ko saM0 1656 meM magazira ke mahIne kI trayodazI ko saujitra meM neminAtha ke samIpa pUrA kiyA hai saMvatsare SoDazanAmadheye ekonazatpaSThiyute (1656) vareNye / zrI mArga zIrSe racita mayAhi zAstraM ca vaSa vimala vizuddhaM // 462 trayodazI saddivase vizuddha vAre gurau zAnti jinasya ramyaM / purANayeta dvipulaM vizAlaM jIyAcciraM puNyakaraM narANAm // 463 (yugma) harivaMza purANa-isa grantha kI prati terahapaMthI bar3A mandira jayapura ke zAstra bhaNDAra meM upalabdha hai, jisa kA racanA kAla saM0 1675 caitra zuklA trayodazI hai| (jaina grantha sUcI bhA0 210 218) zeSa pUjA grantha haiM, unakI pratiyA~ sAmane na hone se unakA paricaya denA zakya nahIM hai| bhaTTAraka candrakoti kASThAsaMgha nanditaTagaccha vidyAgaNa ke bhaTTAraka zrIbhUSaNa ke paTTadhara ziSya the / acche vidvAna the| inhoMne apane yasthoM ke anta meM jo prazasti dI hai usameM nanditaTa gaccha ke bhadrArakoM kI prazaMsA kI gaI hai / candrakIrti kahAM ke paTradhara the. usakA spaSTa nirdeza nahIM milaa| usa samaya sojitrA ke atirikta anya sthAnoM para bhI kASThAsaMgha ke paTaTa rahe 1. saM0 1604 varSe vaizAkhavadI 11 zukra kApThA saMghe nandI taTagacche vidyAgaNe bhaTTAraka rAmasenAnvaye bha. zrI vizAla kIrti tatpaTTe bhaTTAraka zrI vizvasena tatpaTTe bha0 vidyAbhUSaNena pratiSThitaM, haivaDa jAtIya gRhIta dIkSA vAI anantamatI nityaM praNamati /

Page #575
15vIM, 16vIM, 17vIM aura 18vI zatAbdI ke AvArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi 541 haiN| candrakIti ne dakSiNa kI yAtrA karate hae kAverI nadI ke taura para narasiha paTana meM kRSNa bhaTTa ko bAda meM parAjita kiyA thaa| yaha 17vI zatAbdI ke vidvAna the / inakI nimna racanAe upalabdha hai- pAyapurANa, vRpabhadeva purANa, kathAkoza, padmapurANa, paMcamerU pUjA, anaMtavratapUjA Ara nandIzvara vidhAna Adi : pArzvapurANa-15 sagoM meM vibhakta hai, jisakA padya sakhyA 2715 hai| isameM tevIsava tIrthakara pArzvanAtha kA carita varNita hai| kavi ne isakI racanA devagiri nAmaka manohara nagara ke pAzrvanAtha jinAlaya meM vi0 saM0 1654 ke vaizAkha zuklA saptamI guruvAra ko samApta kI hai| zrImaddevagirI manoharapure zrIpAzrvanAthAlaye, varSabdhI purasaika meya (1654) iha vai zrIvikramAMkezvare / saptamyA~ garavAsare zravaNa bhe vazAkhamAse site. pAzrvAdhIzapurANamuttamidaM paryAptabhevottaram / / (pAzva0 pra0) vaSabhadeva parANa-isameM AdinAtha kA carita vaNita hai| yaha 25 sargo meM samApta huA hai / kavi ne isa grantha meM racanA kAla nahI diyA, ataH donA granthoM ke avalAkana kiya binA yaha nizcaya karanA kaThina hai ki inameM kauna grantha pahale banA, aura kauna bAda meM / kathA koza-meM sapta paramasthAna ke vratoM kI kathAedI huI hai, / grantha do adhikAro me samApta huA hai / grantha meM racanA kAla diyA huA nahI hai| anya grantha sAmana na hAne se unakA paricaya denA sambhava nahIM hai| granthakartA kavi candrakIti 17vI zatAbdI ke uttarArdha ke vidvAna hai| bha0 sakalabhUSaNa malasaMgha sthita nandisagha pAra sarasvatI gaccha ke bhaTTAraka vijaya kIrti ke prazipya aura bhaTTAraka zubhacandra ke ziSya eva bhaTTAraka sumati kIti ke gurubhrAtA the| bha0 mumatikIrti bhI zubhacandra ke zipya the aura unake bAda paTTa para baiThe the| bha0 sakalabhapaNa ne nemicandrAcArya prAdi yaniyoM ke prAgraha tathA vardhamAna TolA Adi kI prArthanA se upadeza ratnamAlA nAma ke grantha kI racanA vi0 ga. 1627 meM thAvaNa zuklA pAThI ke dina samApta kI hai / isa grantha meM 18 adhyAya aura tIna hajAra tIna so tegamI (3383) padya hai| inakI dUsarI kRta 'mallinAthacaritra' hai, jisakI prati badI ke abhinandana svAmI ke mandira ke zAstra bhaMDAra meM upalabdha hai / anya racanAe' anvepaNIya hai / kavi kA samaya 17 vIM zatAbdI hai| bha0 dharmakoti mUlasagha sarasvatIgaccha ora balAtkAra gaNa ke vidvAna bhaTTAraka lalitakIti ke zipya the / lalitakIrti mAlavA kI gaddI ke bhaTTAraka the / prastuta dharmakIni kI do racanAeM upalabdha haiM-padmapurANa ora harivaMza purANa / padma purANa kI racanA kavi ne raviSeNa ke padma carita ko dekhakara mAlava deza meM saM01666 meM thAvaNa mahIne kI tRtiyAzanivAra ke dina pUrNa kI thI / aura harivaMza purANa bhI usI mAlavA meM saM0 1671 ke Azvina mahIne kI kRSNA paMcamI -- 1. saptavizatyadhike poDazazatavatmare (1627) vikramata. / zrAvaNamAse zukle po pATyA kRto grantha. / 235 -jaina grantha pra0 sa0 1 10 20 2. jaina granthasUcI bhA0 5 pR0 366 3. "saMvatsare dvayaSTa zate manojJe caikona saptatyadhike (1666) sumAse / zrI zrAvaNe sUryadine tRtIyAtithau ca dezeSa hi mAlaveSu // (papa pu0 pra0)

Page #576
542 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 ravivAra ke dina pUrNa kiyA thA / dharmakIti ne ina granthoM meM apanI gupha paramAga kA ullela kiyA hai, vaha nimna prakAra hai-devendrakIti, triloka kIti, sahastrakIti, padmanandI, yazaH koni, la natakIti aura dharmakoti / kavi kA samaya vikrama kI 17vIM zatAbdo kA uttarArgha haiM / kavi kI anya racanAe anveSaNIya haiN| bha0 guNacandra yaha mUlasaMgha sarasvatIgaccha balAtkAra gaNa ke vidvAna the / yaha bha0 ratnakoti ke dvArA dIkSita aura yazaH kIti ke ziSya the| ina ke pUjA grantha hI upalabdha hai / anya koI mahatva kI racanAe avalokana karane meM nahI aaii| yaha 17vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna the| bha0 guNacandra ne bAgvara (vAgaDa) deza ke sAgavADA ke nivAsI habaDa yA imaDa yA hUmaDa vazI seTha haraSacanda durgAdAsa kI preraNA se unake vrata ke udyApanArtha sa0 1633 ma vahA ke AdinAtha caityAlaya meM 800 zlokoM meM 'anatajina brata pUjA' kI racanA kI thii| saMvata SoDazatriMzavaSya phulake (1633) pakSe'vadAte titho, paJcamyAM guruvAsare purujineT zrI shaakmaargpure| zrImaddha mbaDa vaMza padma savitAharSAkhyadurgo vaNik, so'yaMkAritavAnanaMtajinasatpUjAMbare vaagbre|| -jaina grantha praga0 ma. bhA0 110 34 mauna vrata kathA aura anya aneka pUjA grantha inake banAye hue kahe jAte hai, para sAmane na hone se unake sambandha meM kucha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| bhaTTAraka ratnacandra yaha huMbaDa jAti ke mahIpAla vaizya aura campA devI ke putra the| tathA mUlamaMgha sarasvatigaccha ke bhaTTAraka sakalacandra ke ziSya the| inhoMne apanI guru paramparA ke bhaTTArakoM kA ullekha nimna prakAra diyA hai-padmanandI sakala kIrti, bhuvanakIti, ratnakoti, maMDalAcArya yazaHkIrti, guNacandra, jinacandra, sakala candra pora ratnacandra / ratnacandra syAdvAda ke jAnakAra the| inakI ekamAtra racanA mujhe macakravartI caritra hai, jo sAta sargo meM samApta huA hai| kavi ne isa gratha ko vi0 saM0 1683 me bhAdrapada zukalA pacamI guruvAra ke dina samApta kiyA hai| yaha vikrama kI 17vI (aura IsA kI 1627 satrahavI) zatAbdI ke vidvAna the| bhaTTAraka ratna candra ne yaha grantha khaDelavAla vazotpanna hemarAja pATanI ke liye banAyA thA, jo sammeda zikhara kI yAtrArtha bha0 ratnacandra ke sAtha gaye the| hemarAja kI dharmapatnI kA nAma 'hamIrade' thA / yaha vAgvara deza meM sthita sAgavAr3A ke nivAsI the / kavi ne grantha budha tejapAla kI sahAyatA se banAyA thaa| vAdi vidyAnanda vidyAnanda nandi saMgha, kundakundAnvaya balAtkAragaNa pAra bhAratIgaccha ke prAcArya the / yaha apane samaya ke 1. 'varSe dvayaSTa zate cakAgrasapnatyadhike (1671) gvau| azvine kRSNa pacamyAM gantho'yaM racita mayA // " -harivaza pu0 pra0 2. saMvate SoDasAkhyAne tryazIti vtmraaNkite| __ mAsi bhAdra pade zveta paMcamyA guruvArake // 11 3. anya kA puSpikA vAkya isa prakAra hai :iti zrI subhImacaritre sUri zrIsakalacandrAnucara bhaTTAraka zrI ratnacandra vicite bibudhanejapAlasAhAyya sopakSe zrIkhaNDelabAlAnvaya paNi gotrAmbarAditya zreSThi hemarAjanAmAMkita subhaumanarakaprApti varNano nAma saptamasarga : / (jaina grantha pra0pR0 62)

Page #577
15vIM, 16vI, 17vIM aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi acche vidvAna, tArkika aura vAdI rUpa meM prasiddha the| inakA ullekha zaka saM0 1452 (I0 san 1530) meM utkIrNa hae hambaccake nagara tAlluka lekha na046 meM huyA hai| varddhamAna munIndra ne, jo inhIM vidyAnanda ke ziSya aura bandha the, unhoMne zaka saM0 1464 (san 1542) meM rAmApta hA dazabhaktayAdi mahAzAstra meM unakA khuba stavana kiyA hai| yaha vidyAnanda vijaya nagara sAmrAjya ke samakAlIna hai| inhoMne gajarAja, devarAja, kRSNarAja Adi aneka rAjAnoM kI sabhA meM jAkara zAstrArtha kiye grAra unameM vijaya prApta kara yaza aura pratiSThA prApta ko / inhoMne gerusoDaye, koyaNa aura zravaNa belagola yAda sthAnA meM aneka dhArmika kArya sampanna kiye| inake devendra kIti, varddhamAna munIndra Adi aneka zipya the| inameM varddhamAna munIndra ne dazabhaktayAdi mahAzAstra aura varAMga carita kI racanA kI hai| svargIya Ara0 nasihAcArya kA anumAna hai ki ye vidyAnanda bhallAtakI pura (gairasoppe) ke nivAsI the| aura inhoMne 'kAvyasAra' ke atirikta eka aura grAtha kI racanA kI thii| inakA svargavArA zaka saM0 1463 (man 1541) meM huyA thA jaisA ki dazabhaktayAdi mahAzAstra ke nimna vAkya se prakaTa hai : "zoka veda kharAbdhi candra kalite savatsare zAvare, zaddha zrAvaNabhAkakRtAnta meye dharaNotugmaMtra kho| kakisthe samurI jinaramaraNato vaariindrvndaacitH| vidyAnanda munIzvaraH sagatavAna svarga cidAnandakaH / -prazastisaM0 10 128 brahma kAmarAja mUlasaMgha balAtkAra gaNa ke bhaTTAraka padmanandaH ke. anvaya meM hue haiN| yaha bhaTaTAraka sakalabhUSaNa ke praziSya aura narendra kIti ke zipya brahma mahalAda varNI ke ziSya the / inhoMne bhaTTAraka sakalakoti ke Adi purANa ko dekhakara mevADa meM zaka saM0 1555 phAlguna mahIne meM (san 1633 vi0 saM0 1661) meM jaya purANa nAma ke grantha kI racanA kI hai| racanA sAdhAraNa hai / kavi kA samaya vikrama kI 17vI zatAbdI hai| brahma rAyamalla inakA janma haMbaDa vaMza meM hayA thaa| inake pitA kA nAma 'mA' aura mAtA kA nAma campAdevI thaa| yaha jina caraNo ke upAsaka the| inhoMna mahAmAgara ke taTa bhAga meM samAzrita grIvApura ke candraprabha jinAlaya meM vargIkarmasI ke vacanoM me 'bhaktAmara stotra ko vatti sa0 1667 meM prASADha zaklA paMcamI buddhavAra ke dina banAI thii| brahma rAyamalla muni anantakIrti ke ziSya the, jo bhaTTAraka ratnakIrti ke paTTadhara the| inakI hindI gujarAtI mithita 7-8 racanAe upabdha :- nemIzvararAsa, hanumanta kathA, pradyumnacarita, sudarzanasAra, nirdoSasaptamI vrata kathA, zrIpAlagasa aura bhaviSyadatta kthaa| inakA samaya 17vIM zatAbdI hai| - 1. dekho, anekAnta varSa 26 kiraNa 2 pR0 82 2. prazastisaMgraha pR0 144 3. rASTramya natpurANa zaka manujapatermedapATamya puryA / pazcAmaMvatsarasya praracitapaTataH paMca paMcAzato hi / abhrAbhrAkSakasavaccharaniviya naH (1555) phAlguNe mAmi puurnne| mukhyAyAmodayAyo sukavinapino lAlajiSNozca vAkyAt // jainagrantha pra0 pR. 36 4. maptaSapThayaMkita varSe SoDaza khye hi saMvate (1667) / ASADhe zveta pakSasya paMcamyAM budhavArake // grIvApUre mahAsiMdho staTabhAgaM samAthite / prastuMgadurga-saMyukte zrIcandraprabhasapani // vaNinaH karmasInAmnovacanAt mayakAiraci / bhaktAmarasya sadvRttiH rAyamallenavaNinAH // 1. jaina grantha pra0pa01..

Page #578
544 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAsa 2 bhaTTAraka jJAnakoti mRlasaMgha kundakundAnvaya sarasvatI gaccha aura balAtkAragaNa ke bhaTTAraka vAdi bhUpaNa ke paTTadhara zipya the, aura padma kIti ke guru bhAI the| "zrI mUlasaMghe ca sarasvatIti gacche balAtkAragaNe prasiddha / zrI kundakandAnvayake yatIzaH zrI vAdibhaSo jayatIha loke // 58 tadagura bandha vana samaya'H paMkajakItiH parama pavitraH / sari padApto madana vimuktaH sadgaNarAzirjayat ciraM saH // 56 ziSyastayojJAnasaka ti nAmA zrI saricAlpa sazAstravettA" jJAnakIrti kI ekamAtra racanA 'yagodhara carita' hai, jisameM rAjA yazodhara aura candramatI kA jIvana-paricaya diyA hayA hai| kavi ne isa grantha ko baMgadeza meM sthita campAnagarI ke samIpa 'akacchapUra' (gava barapura) nAmaka nagara ke AdinAtha caityAlaya meM vikrama saM01656 meM mAghamAdA paramI zakravAra ke dina banAkara pUrNa kiyaa| bhaTTAraka jJAnakIti ne mAha nAna kI prArthanA aura vRdhajayacandra ke prAgraha se isa grantha kI racanA kI thii| sAha kula ko jItane vAle rAjA mAnamiha ke mahAmAtya (pradhAnamatrI the|) khaNDalavAla vaza bhUpaNa godhA gotrIya mAha rUpacandra ke suputra the / mAha rUpacandra jese zrImanta the vaise hI samudAra, dAtA, guNajJa aura jinapUjana meM tatpara rahate the| apTApada zaila para jisa taraha bharata cakravartI ne jinAlayoM kA nirmANa karAyA thA, usI taraha sAha nAna ne bhI mammeda gaila para nirvANa prApta vIsa tIrthakage ke mandira banavAye the aura unakI aneka bAra yAtrA bhI kI thii| paMDita rUpacandra yaha kuha nAma ke deza meM sthita ma nemapura ke nivAmI the| Apa agravAla vaza ke bhUSaNa aura garga gotrI the| aApake pitAmaha kA nAma mAmaTa ora pitA kA nAma bhagavAnadAsa thaa| bhagavAnadAsa kI do patniyA~ thii| jinameM prathama me brahmadAma nAma ke putra kA janma huaa| pora marI 'cAcA' me pAtra putra samutpanna hue the-harigaja, bhUpati, abhayagaja, kIrti candra aura ruupcndr| inameM abhima rUpacandra ho prasiddha kavi the aura jaina siddhAnta ke acche marmajJa vidvAna the / ve jJAna prApti ke liye banArama gare the pora vahA~ se zabda artha rUpa sudhArama kA pAna kara dariyApara meM lauTakara Aye the| dariyApura vartamAna meM vArAbaMkI aura ayodhya ke madhyavatI sthAna meM vasA huA hai, jise dariyAbAda bhI kahA jAtA hai| vahA~ Aja bhI jainiyoM kI bastI hai aura jina mandira banA hayA hai| hindI bhASA ke prasiddha kavi banArasI dAsa jI ne apane 'ardhakathAnaka' meM likhA hai ki saMvata 1662 meM 1. zane poDazA kona SaSThivatsarake zubhe / mAye zukle'pi paMcamyA vitaM bhRguvAsare ||61-yshodhr ca0 pra0 2. rAjAdhigajo'tra tadA vibhAti zrImAna miho jita vaigvirga / anekagajendra vinamyapAdaH mvadAna marpita vizvalokaH // pratAra sUrya mnapatIha yasya dviSAM zirasmu pravidhAya pAda / anyAya-dudhyanti mayAsya dUraM yathAkaraM yaH pravikAgayecca / / 63 tathaiva gajJo'sti mahAnamAtyo nAna sunAmA vidino dhritryaa|" 1. sammeda zR'ge ca jinendra gehamaSTApade vAdima cakradhArI // 64 yo kArayadyatra ca tIrthanAthAH siddhi gatA vizati maanbhuktaaH|" -yazodhara yazodhara ca0pra0

Page #579
15vIM, 16vIM, 17vIM aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke prAcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi . 545 prAgarA meM paM0 rUpacandra jI gunI kA prAgamana huA aura unhoMne tihunA sAhU ke mandira meM DerA kiyA / usa samaya mAgarA meM saba adhyAtmiyoM ne milakara vicAra kiyA ki ukta paMDita jI se prAcArya nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI dvArA racita gommaTasAra grantha kA vAcana karAyA jaay| canAMce paMDita jI ne gommaTasAra grantha kA pravacana kiyA aura mArgaNA, guNasthAna, jIvasthAna tathA karmabandhAdi ke svarUpa kA vizada vivecana kiyaa| sAtha hI kriyAkANDa aura nizcaya vyavahAra naya kI yathArtha kathanI kA rahasya bhI samajhAyA aura yaha bhI batalAyA ki jo naya dRSTi me vihIna haiM unheM vastu svarUpa kI upalabdhi nahIM hotI tathA vastu svabhAva se rahita puruSa samyagdRSTi nahI ho sakate / paMDita rUpacandra jI ke vastu tattva vivecana se paM0 banArasI dAsa kA vaha ekAnta abhiniveza dUra ho gayA jo unheM aura unake sAthiyoM ko 'nATaka samayasAra' kI rAyamallIya TIkA ke adhyayana se ho gayA thA aura jisake kAraNa ve japa, tapa, sAmAyika, pratikramaNa prAdi kriyAoM ko chor3akara bhagavAna ko car3hA huaA naivedya bhI khAne lage the| yaha dazA kevala banArasI dAsa jI kI nahIM haI kintu unake sAthI 'candrabhAna, udayakarana aura thAnamalla kI bhI ho gaI thii| ye cAroM hI jane nagna hokara eka koTharI meM phirate the aura kahate the ki hama munirAja haiM, hamAre pAsa kucha bhI parigraha nahIM hai| jaisA ki ardhakathAnaka ke nimna dohe se spaSTa hai : "nagana hoMhi cAroM jane phirahi koTharI mAMhi / ___ kahaMhi bhaye munirAja hama, kachu parigraha nAMhi / " pAMDe rUpacandra jI ke bacanoM ko sunakara banArasI dAsa jI kA pariNamana aura rUpa hI ho gyaa| unakI dRSTi meM satyatA prora zraddhA meM nirmalatA kA prAdurbhAva huaa| unheM apanI bhUla mAlUma huI aura unhoMne use dUra kiyA / usa samaya unake hRdaya meM anupama jJAna jyoti jAgRta ho uThI thI, aura imIse unhoMne apane ko 'syAdvAda pariNati' meM pariNata batalAyA hai| ___ saM0 1693 meM paM0 banArasI dAsa ne prAcArya amRta candra ke 'nATaka samayasAra kalaza' kA hindI padyAnavAda kiyA mora saMvat 1664 meM paMDita rUpacandra jI kA svargavAsa ho gayA / 1. ma0 1660 ke lagabhaga rUpacandra kA AgarA meM Agamana huaa| anAyAsa isa hI samaya nagara prAgare thAna / rUpacandra paDita gunI prAyo pAgamajAna // 630 tihunA sAhu dehaga kiyA, tahA~ pAya tina DerA liyaa| ardhakathAnaka tihanA sAha kA yaha deharA sa. 1651 se pahale kA banA huA hai| kavivara bhagavatI dAma ne saM0 1651 meM nimita agalapura jinamaMndira' ke 4veM padya meM isakA ullekha kiyA hai| 2. saba adhyAtamI kiyo vicAra, atha baMcAyo gommaTasAra / tAme gunathAnaka paravAna, kahyo jJAna aru kriyA vidhAna // 3. anAyAsa isahI samaya nagara pAgare thAna, rUpacandra paNDita gunI Ayo AgamajAna / / tihanAsAhadeharA kiyA, tahA~ Apa tina DerA liyA, maba adhyAtmI kiyo vicAra, grantha bacAyo gommaTa sAra // 631 tAmeM guna thAnaka paravAna, kahyo jJAna aru kriyA vidhAna / jo jiya jisa gunathAnaka hoi, jaisI kriyA kara saba koi|632 bhinna-bhinna vivaraNa vistAra, antaraniyata bahuri vyavahAra / sabakI kathA saba viSa kahI, suni ke saMsa kachu nA rahI // 633 taba banArasI orahi bhayo, syAdvAda pariNati prinyo| pAMDe rUpacandra guru pAsa, sunyo prantha mana bhayo hulAsa // 634 phira tisa samaya barasa ke bIca, rUpacaMdra ko AI mIca / suna-suna rUpacandra ke baina, banArasI bhayo dir3ha jaina // 635 arSa kathAnaka

Page #580
546 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 ardha kathAnaka ke isa ullekha se mAlUma hotA hai ki prastuta pADe rUpacandra ho ukta 'samavasaraNa pATha' ke racayitA hai / cUMki ukta pATha bhI savat 1662 meM racA gayA hai aura pa0 banArasI dAsa jo ne ukta ghaTanA kA samaya bhI ardhakathAnaka meM sa0 1692 diyA hai / ca ki ukta pATha Agare ko ghaTanA meM pUrva ho racA gayA thA, isase prazasti me usakA koI ullekha nahI kiyA gyaa| pa0 banArasI dAsa ne nATaka samayasAra ko racanA sa01663 meM samApna ko hai| ora sa. 1664 meM rUpa candra kI mRtyu ho gii| ata: nATaka samayasAra prazasti ma pA~ca vidvAnA me pa0 rUpacandra prathama kA ullekha kiyA hai / ve vahI rUpacandra hai jo AgarA meM saM0 1660 ke lagabhaga Aye the| inakI saskRta bhASA kI ekamAtra kRti 'samavasaraNa pATha athavA kevala jJAna kalyANAcI' hai| isame jena tIrthakara ke kevalajJAna prApta kara lene para jo antarbAhya vibhati prApta hotI hai, athavA jJAnAvaraNa, dazanAvaraNa, mohanIya aura antarAyarUpa ghAtiyA karmoM ke vinAza me ananta catuSTaya rUpa Atma nidhi kI samupalabdhi hotI hai usakA varNana hai / sAtha hI bAhya meM jo samavamaraNAdi vibhati kA pradarzana hotA he vaha saba unake guNAtizaya athavA puNyAtizaya kA mahatva hai-ve usa vibhUti se sarvathA alipta antarIkSa meM virAjamAna rahate 7 ora vItarAga vijJAna rUpa Atma-nidhi ke dvArA jagata kA kalyANa karate hai, samAra ke dukhI prANiyo ko umame chuTakArA pAna prAra zAzvata sukha prApta karane kA sugama mArga batalAte hai| kavi ne isa pATha kI racanA AcArya jinasena ke Adi pugaNa gata 'mamavasaraNa' viSayaka kathana ko daSTi meM rakhate hae kI hai| prastuta grantha dillI ke bAdazAha jahAgIra ke pUtra gAhajahA~ ke rAjya kAla meM mavat 1661 ke Azvina mahIne ke kRSNa pakSa me navamI guruvAra ke dina, siddhi yoga meM aura punarvasu nakSatra meM samApta tupA hai jemA ki usake nimna padya me spaSTa hai: zrImatsavatsare'sminnarapati nata yadvikramAditya rAjye'tIte duganaMda bhadrAzukrata parimite (1692) kRSNapakSe ca mAse / devAcArya pracAre zubhanavamatithau siddhayoge prasiddha / paunarvasvitpuDasthe (?) samavasRtimahaM prApta mAptA samApti / / 3 4 paM0 rUpacandra ne 'kevala jJAna kalyANaka pUjA' ke banavAne meM preraka bhagavAnadAsa ke kuTumba kA vistRta paricaya diyA hai jo isa prakAra hai: mUla saMghAntargata nandisagha, balAtkAragaNa, sarasvatI gaccha ke prasiddha kundakundAnvaya me vAdI mpo hastiyoM ke mada ko bhedana karane vAle sihakIti hue / unake paTTa para dharmakIti, dharmakIti ke paTTa para jJAnabhUpaNa, jJAnabhapaNa ke para bhAratI bhUSaNa tapasvI bhaTTArako dvArA abhinandanIya vigatadUSaNa bhaTTAraka jagatabhUSaNa hae / inhI bha0 jagadbhUSaNa kI golApUrva' AmnAya meM divyanayana hue| unakI patnI kA nAma durgA thaa| usase do putra hue| 1. yaha upajAti hai jo aitihAsika dRSTi se mahatvapUrNa rahI hai| isakA nivAma adhikatara baMde nakhaNDa meM pAyA jAtA hai yaha sAgara, damoha jabalapura, chatarapura, pannA, satanA, rIvA, ahAra, mahobA, nAbaI, dhuvelA, zivapurI, dillI aura gvAliyara ke Asa-pAsa ke sthAno meM bhI nivAsa karate hai| 12vI aura 13vI zatAbdI ke mUrti legyo me TamakI samRddhi kA anumAna lagAyA jA makatA hai| isa jAti kA nikAsa 'gollAgaDha' (golAkoTa) kI pUrva dizA se huA hai| usakI pUrva dizA meM rahane vAle golApUrva khlaae| yaha jAti kimI samaya dakSvAku vazI kSatriya thii| kintu vyApAra Adi karane ke kAraNa variNako me inakI gaNanA hone lgii| gvAliyara ke pAsa kitane hI golApUrva vidvAno ne grantha racanA aura graMtha pratilipi karavAI haiN| gvAliyara ke antargata zyopura (zivapurI) me kavi dhanagaja golApUrva ne sa. 1664 se kucha hI samaya pUrva bhavyAnada paMcAmikA' (bhaktAmara kA bhASA padyAnuvAda) kiyA thA aura unake pitRvya jinadAsa ke putra khaDagasena (asisena) ne pandraha-pandraha pado kI eka saskRta jayamAlA banAI thii| isakI eka jorNa-zIrNa sacitra prati muni kAntisAgara jI ke pAsa thii| dhanarAja kA hindI padyAnuvAda pADe hemarAja

Page #581
15vIM, 16vI, 17vI aura 15vI zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhadrAraka aura kavi 547 cakrasena aura mitrasena / cakramena kI patnI kA nAma kaSNAvatI thA, aura usase kevalasena tathA dharma sena nAma ke do putra hue| mitramena kI dharmapatnI kA nAma yazodA thaa| usase bhI do putra utpanna hue the| unameM prathama putra kA nAma bhagavAnadAsa thA, jo baDA hI pratApI aura gagha kA nAyaka thaa| aura dUsarA putra harivaza bhI dharma premI aura guNa sampanna thaa| bhagavAna dAsa kI dharmapatnI kA nAma kezaride thaa| usase tIna putra utpanna hue the-mahAsena, jinadAsa aura munisuvrata / maghAdhipa bhagavAnadAsa ne jinendra bhagavAna kI pratiSThA karAI thI aura saMgharAja kI padavI ko prApta kiyA thaa| vaha dAna meM karNa ke samAna thaa| inhI bhagavAnadAsa kI preraNA se paDita rUpacandra jI ne prastuta pATha kI racanA kI thii| paMDita rUpacandra jI ne duga grantha kI prazasti meM netrasiha nAma ke apane eka pradhAna ziSya kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai, para ve kauna the aura kahA na nivAsI the, yaha kucha mAlUma nahI ho skaa| ukta sarakata pATha ke prati rakta kavi rUpacandra kA hindI bhASA kI nimna kRtiyA upalabdha hai, jinameM rUpacandra dohAzataka, pacamagala pATha, neminAtha rAma, jakar3I aura khaTolanA gIta Adi hai| R sumatikoti bhUla magha sthita nandimagha sarasvatIgaccha balAtkAragaNa ora kundakundAnvaya ke vidvAna bhaTTAraka prabhAcandra ke paTaTadhara the| bhaTTAraka lakSmIcandra inake dIkSA guru aura bha0 vIracandra zikSAguru the| sAtha me sumatikIti ne jJAnabhapaNa ko guru mAnakara namaskAra kiyA hai| inhone prAkRta pacasagraha kI saskRta TIkA hasA brahmacArI ke upadeza meM vi0 ma0 1620 me bhAdrapada zuklA dazamI ke dina IDara ke AdinAtha mandira meM banAkara samApta kI hai| pacamagraha meM jIva mamAma, prakRti samutkIrtana, karmastava zataka aura saptati ina pA~ca prakaraNoM kA sagraha hai / prAkRta magraha kI yaha mUla prAkRta racanA bahuta purAnI hai| isa para padmanandI kI prAkRta vRtti bhI hai / ima pacamagraha kA 10vI 11vI zatAbdI meM to saskRtakaraNa zrIpAla suta DaDDhA ora amitagati ne kiyA hai| itanA hI nahI kintu paMcasagraha kI prAkRta gAthAeM dhavalA meM uddhata pAI jAtI hai| sambhavataH mUla pacamagraha prakalaka deva ke sAmane bhA rahA hai / pa0 AzAdhara jI ne mUlArAdhanA darpaNa nAma ko TIkA meM isakA 5 gAthAe uddhata kI hai| isake uttara tatrakartA lohAriyA bhaTTAraka atha bhUdia pAyariyA vAkya se Atma bhUti AcArya jAna par3ate hai| isase isakI prAmANikatA aura prAcInatA jhalakatI hai / bhaTTAraka sumatikIti ne isakI TIkA 17vI zatAbdI ke pUrvArdhana banA hai| samatikAti ne dharmaparIkSA nAma kAraka grantha gujarAtI bhASA me 1625 meM banAyA hai| ai0pa0di jena sarasvatA bhavana bambaI kI sUcI meM 'uttara chattIsI' nAmaka eka saskRta grantha hai jo gaNita vipaya para likhA gayA hai, usake kartA bhI sambhavataH yahI sumatikIti hai| sa0 1627 me trilAkasAra rAsa kI racanA kodAdA zahara meM ko| kI TIma meM pUrvavartI he / mU kho aura mandirI kI vizAlanA se golApUrvAnvaya gauravAnvita hai| vartamAna meM bhI umA pAga anaka zivaravAda mandira vidyamAna hai| golApUnviya ke savat 1166,1202, 1207,1213 aura 1-37 Adi ke aneka lekha he| jinase isa jAti kI sampannatA para acchA prakAza par3atA hai| isa upajAti meM bhI anaka pratiSThina vidvAna, granyakAra, aura zrIsampanna parivAra rahe hai / vartamAna meM bhI aneka DAkTara, AcArya aura vidvAna eva vyAkhyAtA Adi hai| vizeSa paricaya ke lie dekhe 'zilAlekho me golApUrvAnvaya' bhanekAnta varSa 24, ki03 pR0 102 1. 'tatya gugAgaNAmaM bhAgahaNA idi / kiM kAraNa ? jeNa ArAdhijjante aNAma dasaNa-gANa-caritta-tavANi ti| katArA tividhA-mUlatatakattA, uttaratata kattA, uttarottara tata kattA cedi / tatva mUlatana kattA bhayava mhaaviiro| uttaratAkattA godama bhayavado / uttarottarataMtakattA lohAyariyA bhaTTAraka appa bhUdia aayriyaa|" (-paMca sa0 543,44)

Page #582
548 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 ___ yaha pratiSThAcArya bhI the / inhoMne samvat 1622 vaizAkha sudI 3 somavAra ke dina eka mUrti kI pratiSThA karAI thI / inakA samaya 17vIM zatAbdI hai| maTTAkalaMkadeva yaha mUlasaMgha dezIyagaNa pustakagaccha kundakundAnvaya ke cArukIrti paMDitAcAryakA ziSya thaa| isane apane garu kA paricaya nimna vAkyoM meM diyA hai-"malasaMgha-dezIyagaNa-pustakagaccha-kadakundAnvaya-virAjamAna zrImadrAyarAja garu maNDalAcArya mahAvAdi vAdIzvara vAdipitA maha sakala bidvajjana cakravatiballAlarAya jIvarakSApAlaketyAdi anekAnvita birudAvalI virAjamAna zrImaccArukIrti paNDitadevAcArya ziSya paramparApAta zrI saMgItapura siMhAsana paTAcArya zrImadakalaMka devnu"| kavi kI ekamAtra kRti 'karNATaka zabdAnuzAsana' nAma kA vyAkaraNa hai / jise kavi ne zaka saM0 1526 (I. san 1604) meM nirmita kiyA hai| vilegiyAtAla ke eka zilAlekha se isako paramparA viSayaka kucha bAteM jJAta hotI haiN| devacandra ne apanI 'rAjAvalI kathe' meM likhA hai ki sudhApura ke bhaTTAkalaMka svAmI sarvazAstra par3hakara mahA viddhAna hue / inhoMne prAkRta saMskRta mAgadhI prAdi SaT bhASAkavi ho kara karNATaka vyAkaraNa kI racanA kii| yaha kanar3I bhASA kA vyAkaraNa hai isameM 4 pAda aura 562 sUtra haiN| ina sUtroM para bhASA maMjarI nAma kI iti para majarImakaraMda nAma kA vyAkhyAna hai| sUtra, vRtti, aura vyAkhyAna tInoM hI saMskRta meM haiN| prAcIna kanaDI viyoM ke granthoM para se aneka udAharaNa diye haiM / karNATaka bhASA bhUSaNa kI apekSA yaha vistRta vyAkaraNa hai / yaha kanar3I bhASA kA acchA vyAkaraNa hai| kavi ne isameM apane se pUrvavartI nimna kaviyoM-paMpa, honna, ranna, nAgacandra, nemicandra, rUdrabhaTTa, pAgala, maMDayya, madhura kA smaraNa kiyA hai| kavi kA samaya IsA kI 17vIM zatAbdI kA prathama caraNa (1604) hai / (karnATaka kavi carita) kavi bhagavatIdAsa yaha kASThAsaMgha mAthuragaccha puSkara gaNa ke vidvAna bhaTTAraka guNacandra ke paTTadhara bha. sakalacandra ke praziSya aura bhaTaTAraka mahendrasena ke ziSya the / mahendra sena dillI kI bhaTTArakIya gaddI ke paTTadhara the| inakI prabhI taka koI racanA dekhane meM nahIM mAI / aura na koI pratiSThita mUrti hI prApta huI hai| isase inake sambandha meM vizeSa vicAra karanA sambhava nahIM hai| bha0 mahendra sena prastuta bhagavatIdAsa ke guru the, isIse unhoMne apanI racanAmoM meM unakA mAdara ke sAtha smaraNa kiyA hai| yaha bUr3hiyA jilA ambAlA ke nivAsI the| inake pitA kA nAma kisanadAsa thA aura jAti agravAla aura gotra vaMsala thaa| inhoMne caturtha vaya meM munivrata dhAraNa kara liyA thA / yaha saMskRta prAkRta-apabhraMza 1. saMvata 1622 vaizAkha sudi 3 some zrI kundakundAnvaye......."bha. zrI vijayakIrti devAH tatpabha. zrI zubhacaMdra devAH tatpa bha0 sumatikIrti gurUpadezAt huvaMDa jJAtIya gA rAmA bhAryA viiraa...| anekAnta varSa 410503 2. baThiyA pahale eka choTI sI riyAsata thI, jo mugala kAla meM dhana-dhAnyAdi se khUba samRddha nagarI thii| jagAdharI ke vasa jAne se bar3hiyA kI adhikAMza AbAdI vahA~ calI gii| pAjakala vahAM khaNDahara adhika ho gaye haiM, jo usake gata vaibhava kI smRti ke sUcaka haiN| 3. gurumuni mAhidasena bhagotI, tisa pada-paMkaja rana bhgotii| kisanadAsa variNau tanuja bhagotI, turiye gahiu vrata muni ju bhgotii|| nagara dUDhiye vasai bhagotI, janmabhUmi hai mAsi bhgotii| agravAla kula vaMsala gotI, paNDita padajana nirakha bhgotii||83 -vRhatsItAsatu, salAvA prati

Page #583
15vIM, 16vIM, 17vI aura 18vI zatAbdI ke prAcArya, bhadrAraka aura kavi 546 paura hindI bhASA ke acche vidvAna kavi the| inako adhikAMza racanAeM hindI padya meM likhI gaI haiM, jinakI skhy| 60 ke lagabhaga hai| unameM kaI racanAeM bhASA sAhitya kI dRSTi se mahatvapUrNa hai, jaise anekArtha nAmamAlA (koSa) sItAsatu, TaMDANArAsa, mAditya vratarAsa, khicar3I rAsa Adi' / inakI saba upalabdha racanAe savat 1651 se 1704 taka kI upalabdha hai, jo cakattA bAdazAha akabara' jahAgIra aura zAhajahAM ke rAjya meM racI gaI haiN| jyotiSa aura vaidyaka kI racanAoM ko prazasti saskRta ma racI thI, racanA hindA padyA ma hai jo kArajA ke zAstra bhaNDAra meM surakSita haiN| inake race aneka pada aura gIta Adi bhA milate hai / racanAoM meM aneka racanA-sthalAM kA ullekha kiyA hai| unameM bur3hiyA (ambAlA) dillI, AgarA, hisAra, kapitthala, sihadi Adi / kavi ko racanAe' manapuro, dillI, ajamera Adi ke zAstra bhaMDAroM meM upalabdha hai| kavi kI saba racanAeM saMvat 1651 se 1704 taka kI upalabdha hotI haiM / ataeva kavi kA kArya kAla 54 varSa hai| kavi kI apabhraMza bhASA kI tIna racanAeM upalabdha haiM-magAMka lekhAcariu, sugaMdhadasamI kahA aura mukuTa saptamI kathA / mRgAMka lekhAcarita meM cAra saMdhiyAM hai jinameM kavi ne candralekhA aura sAgaracanda ke carita varNana karate hae candralekhA ke zIlavata kA mAhAtmya khyApita kiyA hai| candralekhA viSadA ke samaya sAhasa aura dhairya kA paricaya detI huI apane zolavata se jarA bhI vicalita nahI hoto, pratyuta usameM sthira rahakara apane satItva kA jo prAdarza upasthita kiyA hai, vaha anukaraNIya hai| grantha kI bhASA apabhraMza hote hue bhI hindI ke atyadhika najadIka hai| jaisA ki usake dohoM se spaSTa hai sasilehA NiyakaMta sama, dhAraI saMjamu sAra jammaNu maraNa jalaMjalI, dANa suyaNu bhava-tAra // kari taNu tau siupura gayau, so vaNi sAyaracaMdu / sasilehA suravaru bhaI taji tiya-taNu aiNidu // mukuTa saptamI kathA meM mukuTa saptamI vrata ko anuSThAna-vidhi kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| sugaMdhadasamI kathA meM 'bhAdrapada zuklA dasamI ke vrata kA vidhAna aura usake phala kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / zeSa sabhI racanAeM hindI kI haiN| kavi kA samaya 17vIM zatAbdI kA uttarArdha aura aThArahavIM kA pUrvArdha hai| bha. siMhanandI malasaMgha puSkara gaccha ke bhaTTAraka zubhacandra ke paTTa para pratiSThita hae the| inhoMne 'paMca namaskAra dIpikA' nAma kA grantha saM0 1667 meM kArtika zuklA pUrNimA ke dina samApta kiyA hai| andaistattva rasatu caMdra kalite (1667) zrI vikramAdityake / mAse kAtika nAmanIha dhabale pakSa zaratsaMbhave / vAre bhAsvati siddha nAmani tathA yogeSu pUrNAtiyau, nakSatre'zvani nAmani tatvarasikaH pUrNAkRto granthakaH // 55 ailaka pannAlAla di. jaina sarasvatI bhavana bambaI kI grantha sUcI meM 'vratatithi nirNaya' nAma kA eka graMtha bha. siMhanandI ke nAma se darja hai| yaha grantha pArA ke jaina siddhAnta bhavana meM bhI pAyA jAtA hai, para baha inhIM siMhanandI 1. dekho, banekAnta varSa 11 kiraNa 4-5 tathA anekAnta varSa 20 kiraNa 3 pa0104 2. saMvata solaha sai ju ikyAvana, ravidinu mAsa kumArI ho, jina baMdanu kariphiri ghari-Ae, vijaya dasami sajayArI ho (argalapura jinavaMdanA) maha racanA akabara ke rAjya meM racI gaI hai| 3. zrI mUla saMghe vara puSkarAjye gacche sujAtaH zubhacandra sUri / tasyA'tra paTTe'jani siMhanandirbhaTTArako'bhUdviduSAM vareNyaH // 53

Page #584
550 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa-bhAga 2 kI kRti hai yA anya kI, yaha grantha ke avalokana ke binA nizcita rUpa se nahIM kahA jA sktaa| inake atirikta kavi kI pranya racanAe anveSaNIya hai| kavi kA samaya 17 vI zatAbdI hai| paMDita zivAbhirAma kavi ne apanA paricaya nahI diyA pAra na guru paramparA kA hI ullekha kiyA hai| kevala apane ko 'puSada vaniya' kA putra batalAyA hai| paDita zivAbhirAma 17vo zatAbdI ke vidvAna the| inakI do kRtiyA upalabdha hai paT caturtha-vartamAna-jinArcana ; aura candraprabha purANa sagraha (aSTamajina purANa sNgrh)| inameM se prathama grantha kI racanA mAlavadeza meM sthita vijayasAra ke 'divija' nagara ke durga meM sthita devA laya meM, jaba parikulazatru sAmantasena haritanu kA putra anuruddha pRthvo kA pAlana kara rahA thAH jisa ke rAjya kA pradhAna sahAyaka raghupati nAma kA mahAtmA thaa| usakA putra dha-yarAja grantha kartA kA parama bhakta thaa| uso kI sahAyatA se vi0 saM01662 meM banAkara samApta kiyA hai navazi (?) ca nayanAkhye karmayaktena candra, gativati sati to vikramasyaiva kaale| nipatatituSAre mAghacadrAvatAre jinavara padacarcA siddhaye saprasiddhA // 18 dUsare grantha meM pAThava tIrthakara candraprabha jina kA jIbana-paricaya akita kiyA gayA hai / usameM 27 ggii| prazasti meM batalAyA hai ki vahadgurjaravaza kA bhUpaNa rAjA tArAmiha thA, jo kumbhanagara kA nivAsI thA aura dillI ke bAdazAha dvArA sammAnita thaa| usake paTTa para sAmamiha haA jise digambarAcArya ke upadeza meM jaina dharma kA lAbha huA thaa| usakA putra panasiMha huA, jo rAjanIti meM kuzala thaa| usakI dharmapatnI kA nAma 'vANA davI' thA, jo zIlAdi sadguNoM se vibhUSita thii| usIke upadeza evaM anurodha se ukta carita grantha kI racanA huI hai| grantha me racanA kAla diyA humA nahIM hai / ataeva nizcita rUpa meM yaha batalAnA kaThina hai ki zivAbhirAma ne usa gratha kA ra kaba ko hai| para prathama grantha kI prazasti se yaha spaSTa hai ki isa grantha kA racanA 17vI zatAbdI ke antima caraNa meM paMDita akSayarAma yaha bhaTTAraka vidyAnanda ke ziSya the| bhaTTArakIya paDita hone ke kAraNa samkRta bhApA ke vidvAna the / inakA sabhaya vikrama kI 18vI zatAbdI hai| jayapura ke rAjA savAI jaryAsaha ke pradhAna mantrI thAvaka tArAcandra / ne caturdazI kA vrata kiyA thA, usI kA udyApana karane ke liye paDita akSayarAma ne saMvat 1800 meM caitra zuklA paMcamI ke dina 'caturdazIvratodyApana' nAmaka grantha kI racanA kI thii| abde dvizUnyASTakAMke (1800) caitramAse site dle| paMcamyA ca caturdazyA bratasyodyotana kRtaM // 4 // kavi nAgava isake pitA kA nAma 'soDa Dese TiTa' thA. jo koTilAbhAnvaya kA thA aura mAtA kA nAma 'cauDAmbikA' thaa| kavi ne 'mANikasvAmicarita' kI racanA kI hai| yaha grantha bhAminI paTapadI meM likhA gayA hai, isameM 3 sandhiyA pora 268 padya haiN| isameM mANikya jineza kA carita aMkita kiyA gayA hai| usameM likhA hai-ki devendra ne apanA 'mANika jinabimba' rAvaNa kI patnI madodarI ko usakI prArthanA karane para de diyA aura vaha usakI pUjA karane lgii| rAma-rAvaNa yuddha meM rAvaNa kA vadha ho jAne ke bAda mandodarI ne usa mUrti ko samudra ke garbha meM rakha diyaa| bahuta samaya bItane para 'zaMkaragaNDa' nAma kA rAjA eka pativratA strI kI sahAyatA se mANika svAmI kI vaha mUrti le AyA 1. zrI jayasiMha bhUpasya maMtrimukhyo'graNI staa| zrAvakastArAcaMdrAkhyastenedaM vrata samudataM // -jaina grantha pra0 bhA011027

Page #585
15vIM, 16vI, 17vIM aura 18vIM zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi 551 aura nijAma sTeTa ke 'kulapAka' nAma ke tIrthasthAna meM usako sthApita kiyaa| isa mUrti ke kAraNa vaha eka tIrtha bana gayA / kavi ne grantha ke zurU meM mANika jina kI, siddha, sarasvatI, gaNadhara aura yakSa-yakSI kI stuti kI hai / grantha meM samaya nahI diyA / sabhavataH grantha ko racanA san 1700 ke lagabhaga huI hai ( anekAnta varSa 1, kiraNa 6-7 ) paM0 jagannAtha inakI jAti khaDelavAla aura gotra sogANI thaa| inake pitA kA nAma somarAja zreSThI thA / jagannAtha jyeSTha putra the aura vAdirAja laghu putra the| jagannAtha saMskRta bhASA ke prakANDa vidvAna the / yaha Tor3A nagara ke nivAsI the, jise 'takSakapUra' kahA jAtA thA / grantha prazastiyoM meM usakA nAma takSakapura likhA milatA hai| 16vIM 17vIM zatAbdI meM ToDA nagara jana-dhana se sampanna nagara thA / usa samaya vahA rAjA rAmacandra kA rAjya thaa| vahAM khaMDelavAla jainiyoM kI acchI baratI thii| ToDA meM bhaTTArakIya gaddI thI, aura vahA eka acchA zAstra bhaDAra bhI thaa| prAkRta aura saMskRta bhASA ke acche grantho kA rAma thaa| vahAM aneka sajjana saMskRta ke vidvAna hue hai / saMvat 1620 meM vahAM kI gaddI para maMDalAcArya dharmacandra virAjamAna the, jinhoMne saMskRta meM gotama caritra kI racanA kI hai| yaha grantha prakAzita ho cukA hai| paDita jagannAtha bhaTTAraka narendrakIrti ke ziSya the| inhoMne 'zvetAmvara parAjaya kI prazasti meM apane ko kavi-gamaka-vAdi aura vAgmi jeme vizeSaNoM se ullekhita kiyA hai / - 'kavi - gamaka- vAdi- vAgbhitva guNAlaMkRtena khAMDillavaMzodbhava pomarAja zreSTha sutena jagannAtha vAdinA kRtau kevalibhukti nirAkaraNaM samAptam / ' karmasvarUpa nAmaka grantha ko prazasti meM kavi ne apanA nAma abhinava vAdirAja sUcita kiyA haiM' / kavi kI nimna kRtiyAM upalabdha haiM- caturviMzatisaMdhAna, (svopajJaTIkA sahita) sukha nidhAna, neminarendrastotra muSeNacaritra, karma svarUpa varNana / catuvizati saMdhAna - sragdharA chandAtmaka nimna padya ko 25 bAra likha kara 25 artha kiye haiN| eka-eka prakAra meM 24 tIrthakaroM kI alaga-alaga stuti kI hai, aura antima 25veM padya meM samuccaya rUpa se caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI stuti kI hai| zrayAn zrI vAsupUjyo vRSabhajinapatiH zrIkramAMko'tha dharmo puSpadanto munisuvrata jino'naMtavAk haryaka : zrI supArzvaH / zAnti: padmaprabho'ro vimalavibhurasau varddhamAnopyajAMko / malline mirna mirmA sumatiravatu sacchrI jagannAtha dhIraM // 1 // dUsarI racanA 'zvetAmbara parAjaya' hai / kavi ne isa grantha ko vibudha lAla jI kI AjJA se banAyA hai / isameM zvetAmbaro dvArA mAnya 'kevalibhukti' kA sayuktika khaNDana kiyA hai / grantha meM 'neminarendra stotra svopajJa' kA eka padya uddhRta kiyA hai : yatadu tava na bhuktirnaSTaH duHkhodayatvAdvasanamapi na cAMge vItarAgatvatazca / iti nirupamahetu na hyasiddhAdyasiddhau vizada-vizada dRSTInAM hRdila: ( ? ) suyuktaye / " kavi ne isa grantha kI racanA saMvat 1703 meM dIpotsava ke dina samApta kI thI / usakA antima puSpikA vAkya isa prakAra hai iti zvetAmbara parAjaye kavi gamaka- vAdi- vAgmitva guNAlaMkRtena khAMDilla vazodbhava pomarAja zreSTha sutena jagannAtha vAdinA kRtau kevalibhukti nirAkaraNaM samAptam / " tIsarI racanA sukhanidhAna hai - isa grantha meM videha kSetrIya zrIpAla cakravartI kA kathAnaka diyA huA hai / prastuta kAvya grantha kI racanA sarasa aura prasAda guNa se yukta hai| isa grantha kI racanA kavi ne rAjasthAna meM 'mAlapurA' -- karmasvarUpa varNana praza0 1. paDita jagannAthairaparAkhyAbhinavavAdirAjaM viracite karmasvarUpa granthe /

Page #586
552 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihArA-bhAga 2 (jayapura) nAmaka sthAna meM kI hai| kavi ne isa grantha meM anyacca asmAbhiruktaM zRGgAra samudra kAvye' vAkya ke sAtha apane zRgAra samudra kAvya nAma ke grantha kA ullekha kiyA hai| isa kRti kA anveSaNa honA cAhiye ki kisI bhaNDAra meM yaha grantha upalabdha hai yA nahIM / isa grantha kI 51 patrAtmaka eka prati pATaudI bhaNDAra jayapura meM haiM jisameM usakA racanA kAla saMvat 1700 asoja sudI 10mI diyA hai| cauthI racanA 'neminarendra stotra' hai / isameM 22veM tIrthakara neminAtha kA stavana kiyA gayA hai / racanA sundara hai aura abhI aprakAzita hai| isameM bhI kevalibhakti aura kavalAhAra kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai / isa para svopajJa TIkA bhI nihita hai| ise prakAza meM lAnA cAhiye / isakA racanA kAla bhI jJAta nahIM huaa| pAMcavIM racanA 'supeNa caritra' hai| isa grantha kI 46 patrAtmaka eka prati Amera bhaNDAra meM upalabdha hai, jo saM0 1842 kI likhI huI hai| chaThavIM racanA 'karmasvarUpa varNana' hai, jisameM jJAnAvaraNAdi karmoM kI mala aura uttara prakRtiyoM ke varNana ke sAtha prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga aura pradeza rUpa cAra baMdhoM kA svarUpa nidipTa kiyA hai| kavi ne isa grantha ko saMvata 1707 ke caita mahIne ke zukla pakSa kI doija ke dina samApta kiyA hai : varSe tatva nabhozvabhU parimite (1707) mAse maghau sundre| tatpakSe ca sitetarehani tathA nAmnA dvitIyAhvaye / thI sarvajJa padAMbujAnati galada jJAnAvati prAbhavA stra vidyazvaratA gatA vyaracayana zrI vAdirAjA imama / / kadi kA samaya 17vI zatAbdI kA antima aMza aura 18vIM zatAbdI kA pUrvAdha hai| kavi bAdirAja yaha khaMDelavaMzI pomarAja zreSThI ke laghu putra the / jyeSTha putra paMDita jagannAtha the, jo saMskRta bhASA ke prakANDa paNDita the / inakA gotra 'saugANI' thaa| yaha takSaka nagara (vartamAna ToDA nagara) ke nivAsI the / laghu putra kA nAma vAdirAja thA / jo saMskRta bhASA ke acche vidvAna, kavi the aura rAjanIti meM paTu the| inake cAra putra the-rAmacandra, lAla jI, nemidAsa aura vimaladAsa / vimaladAsa ke samaya 'ToDA' meM upadrava huA thA jisameM eka gucchaka (maTakA) bhI lUTa gayA thaa| bAda meM use chur3A kara lAye, vaha phaTa gayA thA, aura use samhAla kara rakkhA gyaa| vAdirAja ne apane ko usa samaya dhana jaya, prAzAdhara aura vAgbhaTa kA pada dhAraNa karane vAlA dUsarA vAgbhaTa batalAte hue likhA hai ki rAjA rAjasiMha dUsarA jayasiMha haiM aura takSaka nagara dUsarA aNahilapura hai aura maiM vAdirAja dUsarA vAgbhaTa huuN| dhanaMjayAzAparavAgbhaTAnAM dhatte padaM samprati vaadiraajH| khAMDilla vaMzodbhavapomasUnujinokti pIyUSa sutRpta gaatrH||3 vAdirAja takSaka nagara ke rAjA rAjasiMha ke mahAmAtya the| rAjasiMha bhImasiMha ke putra the| kavi kI isa samaya do racanAyeM upalabdha haiN| vAgbhaTAlaMkAra kI TokA 'kavicandrikA' jisakA pUrA nAma 'vAgbhaTTAlaMkArAvacari-kavi candrikA' hai| isa TIkA ko kavi ne rAjya kArya se pravakAza nikAla kara banAI thii| paura dUsarI racanA 'jJAnalocana stotra' nAma kA eka stotra grantha / yaha stotra mANikacandra digambara jaina grantha mAlA se 1. saMvat 1751 magasira badI takSaka nagare khaNDelavAlAnvaye sogAnI gotre sAha pomarAja tatputra sAha vAdirAjastatputra catvAra prathama putra rAmacandra dvitIya lAla jI tRtIya nemidAsa, caturtha vimaladAsa, ToDA meM viSo huo, jaba pAhapothI luTI, vahAM the chUDAI phaTI tuTI saMvAri sudhAri mAchI karI, jJAnAvaraNI karmakSayArtha putrAdi paThanAthaM zubhaM bhavata / ma. pra. prazasti saM0 bhAga 1 pR0 36 / 2. iti matvA ratnatrayAlaMkRta vidyacitto vimala poma zreSThi kula bhUpo mahAmAtya padabhRcchI madAgbhaTa mahAkavistAva diSTa devatAmabhISTeti /

Page #587
15vIM, 16vIM, 17vIM aura 18vI zatAbdI ke AcArya, bhaTTAraka aura kavi 553 prakAzita siddhAnta sArAdi saMgraha meM mudrita ho cukA hai / aura pahalA grantha abhI taka aprakAzita hai / kavi ne isakI antima prazasti meM apanA paricaya bhI aMkita kara diyA hai| kavi ne isa candrikA TIkA ko vi0 saM0 1726 kI dIpamAlikA ke dina guruvAra ko citrA nakSatra aura vazcika lagna meM banAkara samApta kiyA hai| kavi kI anya racanAeM pranveSaNIya hai| kavi kA samaya 18 vI zatAbdI hai| aruNarmANa yaha bhaTTAraka zrutakIti ke praziSya aura budha rAghava ke ziSya the / budha rAghava ne gvAliyara meM jaina mandira banavAyA thaa| inake jyeSTha ziSya budha ratnapAla the, dUsare vanamAlI tathA tIsare kAnharasiMha the| prastuta praruNamaNi (lAlamaNi) inhIM kAnharasiMha ke putra the| prazasti meM inhoMne apanI guru paramparA' isa prakAra batalAI hai-kASThA saMgha meM sthita mAtha ragaccha aura puSkaragaNa meM lohAcArya ke anvaya meM hone vAle bha0 dharmasena, bhAvasena, sahasrakIti, guNakIti, yazakIti, jinacandra, zrutikIrti ke ziSya budharatnapAla, vanamAlI aura kAnharasiMha / inameM kAnharasiha ke putra praruNamaNi ne 'ajita purANa' kI racanA mugala bAdazAha avaragazAha (auraMgajeba) ke rAjya kAla meM saM0 1716 meM jahAnAbAda nagara (vartamAna nyU dillI) ke pArzvanAtha jinAlaya meM banAkara samApta kI hai| inake ziSya 50 balAkIdAsa the| inhoMne dillI meM balAkIdAsa ko par3hAyA thaa| kavi balAkIdAsa ne praznottara zrAvakAcAra prazasti meM inakA nimna padyoM meM ullekha kiyA hai "aruna-ratana paMDita mahA, zAstra kalA paravIna / balacanda tinapai paDhyo, gyAna praza tahA~ lona // 16 bahuta heta kari praruna nai, dayo jJAna ko bhed| tava subuddhi ghaTa meM jagI, kari kubuddhi tama cheda // "20 prastuta ajitapurANa meM dUsare tIrthakara ajitanAtha kA jIvana-paricaya aMkita kiyA gayA hai| racanA sarasa aura sarala hai| bhaTTAraka devendrakoti yaha mUlasaMgha ke bhaTTAraka jagatakIti ke paTTadhara the / jagatakIti bha0 surendrakIti ke paTTa para saM0 1733 meM 1. savatsare nidhidRgazva zazAGkayukta dIpotsavAkhya divase saguro sacitre / lagne'li nAmni ca samApa giraH prasAdAta sadAdirAja racitA kavi candrikeyam // 1 zrI rAjasiMha napatijayasiMha evaM zrI takSakAkhyanagarI ahilltulyaa| zrI vAdirAja vibudho'para vAgbhaTo'yaM zrI sUtra vRttiriha nandatu cArka candram // 2 zrImadbhImanapAlajasya balinaH zrI rAjasiMhasya me, sevAyAmavakAzamApya vihitA TIkA zizUnAM hitaa| honAdhikya vaco yadatra likhitaM tadvaM budhaH kSamyatAm / gArhasthyAvaninAthasevanadhiyaH kaH svasthatA mApnuyAt // 3 2. dekho, jaina grantha prazasti saMgraha bhAga 1, pR067| 3. rasa-vRSa-yati-caMdre khyAta saMvatsare (1716) 'smin, niyamita sitavAre vaijayantI dazamyAM, ajita jinacaritraM bodha pAtraM budhAnAM, racitamamalavAgmi-rakta ratnena ten||40 mudgale bhUbhujAM zreSThe rAjye'varaMga saahike|' jahAnAbAda-nagare pAzrvanAtha jinAlaye 41

Page #588
554 jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga 2 Amera meM pratiSThita hue the / yaha apane samaya ke acche vidvAna the / bha0 devendra kIrti ne 'samayasAra' grantha kI eka TIkA 'Isarade' grAma meM saMvat 1788 meM bhAdrapada zuklA caturdazI ko banAkara samApta kI thii| jaisA ki usake nimna padyoM se prakaTa hai : : caraNa hai / vasvaSTayukta saptenduyute ( 1788) varSe manohare / zukle bhAdrapade mAse caturdazyAM zubhe tithau // 1 Isa radeti sadgrAme TIkA pUrNitAmitA / bhaTTAraka jagatkarte: duSkarmahAnaye ziSya TIkA samayasArasya paTTe devendra kIrtinA // 2 manohara - girA kRtA / sugamA tatvabodhinI // 3 isa TIkA kA nAma kavi ne 'tatvabodhinI' diyA hai / kavi kA samaya vikrama kI 18vIM zatAbdI kA antima bha0 dharmacandra mUlasaMgha balAtkAra gaNa bhAratIgaccha ke bhaTTAraka zrIbhUSaNa ke ziSya the / inhoMne apanI paramparA nimna prakAra batalAI hai - nemicandra, yazaH kIrti, bhAnukIrti aura zrIbhUSaNa / inakI jAti khaMDelavAla aura gotra seThI thA / yaha saMvat 1712 meM paTTa para baiThe the / aura usa para 15 varSa taka rhe| inakA paTTa sthAna maharoTha thA / bhaTTAraka dharmacandra ne vi0 saM0 1726 meM jyeSTha zuklA dvitIyA zukravAra ke dina raghunAtha nAmaka rAjA ke rAjya meM mahArASTra grAma ke prAdinAtha caityAlaya meM 'gautama caritra' banAkara samApta kiyA hai / kavi kA samaya 18 vIM zatAbdI hai / vimaladAsa yaha anantasena ke ziSya aura vIragrAma ke nivAsI the / tarkazAstra ke acche vidvAna the| inhoMne plavaMga savatsara kI vaizAkha zuklA aSTamI bRhaspativAra ke dina saptabhaMga taraMgiNI nAma kA graMtha taMjora nagara meM pUrNa kiyA thA / yaha graMtha prakAzita ho gayA hai / inakA samaya 17vIM zatAbdI anumAnita kiyA gayA hai / saptabhaMga taraMgiNI graMtha kA vistAra 800 zlAka pramANa haiM / usameM samantabhadra, akalaMka, vidyAnanda mANikyanandI aura prabhAcandra Adi ke granthoM ke uddharaNa dekara sarala bhASA meM syAdvAda ke prasti nAsti prAdi saptabhaMgoM kA vivecana kiyA hai, tathA anekAntabAda meM pratipakSiyoM dvArA die gae saMkara, vyatikara, virodha aura asabhava prAdi doSoM kA nirasana kiyA hai / prAnta meM lekhaka ne bauddha, mImAMsaka naiyAyika aura sAMkhyAdi matoM meM apratyakSa rUpa se sAra pekSavAdakA avalambana kiyA hai, isako spaSTa kiyA hai / 1. saMvat satrAsaM ara tetIsaM, sAvaNabadi paMcamI bhaNi / padavI bhaTTAraka acala virAjita dhaNa dAna dhaNa rAjataMtra // 2. zrImacchurigaNAdhipo vijayatAM zrIbhUSaNAkhyo muniH / / 266 paTTe tadIye muni dharmacandrobhUcchI balAtkAra garaNe pradhAnaH / zrI mUlasaMghe pravirAjamAnaH zrI bhAratI gaccha sudIpti bhAnuH / / 267 rAjacchrI raghunAtha nAmanRpatI grAme mahArASTrake / nAbheyasya niketanaM zubhataraM bhAti prasokhyAkaram / / X X X tasmin vikramayA dvivAda rasa yugAdrIMdu prame varSake / jyeSThe mAse sidvitIye divase kAMte hi zukrAnvite // 266 -- bhaTTAraka paTTAvalI -- gautama caritra

Page #589

Page #590

Page #591
_