________________
(50) Nandanavana
and intensity of pains and (iii) encouraging to work towards better future. It is an old form of the law of cause and effect, which has been verified by the psychologists in terms of relationship between stimulants, S and effect, R in medium ranges through a formula":
S = K in R (15) Indicating that specific stimulants (physical, vocal or psychical emotions etc. or karmas) of internal or external nature have specific effects. Normally, karmas are said to be a form of fine but strong force, whose binding effects our actions and normal life. Of course, this is not a complete formula as there are many other factors affecting the results. However, research could be undertaken to improve and verify this formula on karma theory at least on the physical and chemical effects caused by different passions.
(i) The Theory of Anekānta and Nayas (Aspects) - The theory of manifold predications (Anekānta) is also a very important contribution of the Jainas. It was developed on philosophical basis, but it could now be verified scientifically applying it to many physical phenomena. It states that an entity is multi-aspectual and a common man can study it only relatively with respect to some aspects, A. The absolute truth, T is, in fact, indescribable (because of language limitations and other factors). If the overall nature of an entity is T, the number of aspects is A, we have:
Ai = ΣA = T
(16)
As A is infinite, we can integrate it to find the value of T as below:
(17)
Ad
This theory has a septadic form of expression. On this basis, an alternative expression could also be written:
A
=P T = 0
7
Şadı
(18)
where the parameters 0 or 24 are virtually insoluble leading to T as indescribable. However, statistically, it could be shown that the septadic nature of describing an entity could be obtained in the form of the following equation":
(19)
Jain Education International
= T = 24
3
3
3 C1 +3 C2 +3 C1 = (3 + 3 + 1) = 7
2
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