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Studies on Biology in Tattvārtha-Stūra :
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the livingness in the body by (1) I-usage (2) doubt (3) reversal (4) exertion or resolution which apply to 'Jiva' (worldly living) also as every point is applicable to physical entities. The biologists have also characterized the living entity on the basis of its manifold attributes shown in Table 3.
Table 3 : Scientific and Canonical Concepts about the Living. S. No Scientific Concepts Canonical concepts Āgamic terms
A. Characteristics Food, nutrition,
Food metabolism, secretions Cellular structure
Body, strength
Mattergic Body organization
Mattergic
Multi-pradesi Reproduction
Sex
Yoni Birth
Jantu Death
Jiva Movements
Senses, strength
Jagat, Atma etc. 8. Respiration
Respiration
Prāņi 9. Excretion
Respiration
Prāni 10. Irritability/consciousness Mind, mental strength, Vijĩa, Veda, Cetana
Fear 11. Adaptation 12. Growth 13. Life cycle
Shape/form 15. Locomotion/circulation
Sex Life span
14.
16.
B. Origin of Life Evolutionary, mutation not possible C. Characteristics Irritability
Eternal, mutation possible
17.
Cetana
Capacitative and functional consciousness
D. Classification Botany, Zoology
18.
Trasa, Sthāvara
Mobile, non-mobile, Minded, non-minded 32 (senses, mind etc.)
Basis of classification: Structural similarity: (a) Plants (b) Animals Classes: (a) plants
(b) Animals 17
1-570 40
I sensed 2 - 5 sensed
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