Jain Tarkabhasha

Author(s): Yashovijay Upadhyay, Udayvallabhvijay
Publisher: Divya Darshan Trust
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/004656/1

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saM$d liMkaraNa ane gurjara bhAvAnuvAha sarbhAzvata jeo[ 10tpaI je graMthakAra - mahopAdhyAya zrI yazovijaya ma. 'vivaraNa ane bhAvAnuvAda * muni udayavallabhavijaya

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moju samaNassa bhagavao mahAvIrassa nyAyavizArada mahAmahopAdhyAya zrIyazovijayebhyo nama: zrI prema-bhuvanabhAnu-jayaghoSa-dharmajitu-jayazekhara jaga-meghavallabhavijayagurubhyo namaH saMskRta vivaraNa tathA gurjara bhAvAnuvAda samanvita jena tabhASA [ granthakAra | mahopAdhyAya zrIyazovijayajI | vivaraNa tathA bhAvAnuvAda | muni udayavallabhavijaya prakAzaka | divyadarzana prakAzana TrasTa - prakAzana : vi.saM. 2053 nyAyavizArada sva. pU.A.bha. zrIvijayabhuvanabhAnusUrIzvarajI - gurumUrti pratiSThA mahotsava prAraMbha dina- kA.va.6 | dvitIya saMskaraNa : vi.saM. 2061

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ra Arthika sahayoga zrI maMDapezvara roDa jaina saMgha (borIvalI pazcima) muMbaI prakAzaka / prAptisthAna divyadarzana prakAzana TrasTa kumArapALa vI. zAha 36, kalikuMDa sosAyaTI, dhoLakA, 387810 (ji.amadAvAda) bharatakumAra caturadAsa zAha 868, kALuzInI poLa amadAvAda-382480 mUlya H rU|. 100/ prathama saMskaraNa : vi.saM.2053 dvitIya saMskaraNa : 2061 mudraka : zrI pArzva kompyuTarsa 58, paTela sosAyaTI, javAhara coka, maNinagara, amadAvAda-8. Te.naM.079-30912149

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mULanAyaka zrI AdiMvara bhagavAna maMDapezvara roDa, borIvalI pizcima) For Privata a pareh For Prvate & Per

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prakAzanuM prakAzana granthakAronI paMktimAM agragaNya sthAne birAjamAna mahAmahopAdhyAya zrIyazovijayajI mahArAja ! temanA grantho sAmAnyathI duravagAha hovAthI te grantho upara TIkA-TippaNa-vivaraNa jevuM kaMika hoya to adhyetAone saraLatA rahe ane temAM paNa bhAvAnuvAda dvArA prAthamika vidyArthIone paNa grantha saraLa bane che. mATe sva. gurudeva nyAyavizArada pU.A. bhagavaMta zrI vijayabhuvanabhAnusUrIzvarajI mahArAjA potAnA Azrita samartha zramaNone A aMge khAsa preraNA karatA. tenA phaLasvarUpe Aja sudhImAM divya darzana TrasTanA anvaye AvA aneka grantho prakAzita thaI cukyA che. prastuta che jainatarkabhASA. pU. munirAja zrI udayavallabhavijayajI ma.sA. e A grantha upara eka suMdara saMskRta vivaraNa tathA gurjara bhAvAnuvAdanuM Alekhana karyuM. teno vyApaka upayoga thatA tene punaH prakAzita karatA atyaMta AnaMdanI lAgaNI anubhavIe chIe. zrI maMDapezvara roDa the. mU.jaina saMghe (borIvalI pazcima) muMbaI potAnA jJAnanidhimAMthI prastuta prakAzana mATe lIdhela lAbha paNa prazaMsanIya che. prastuta prakAzanathI jijJAsuvarga ghaNo ja lAbhAnvita thaze e vAta niHzaMka che. divyadarzana TrasTa vatI, kumArapALa vI. zAha - harSolgAra - prAcIna, bhavya ane nayanaramya zrI AdinAtha prabhunuM tIrthasadeza vizALa jinAlaya... virATa pravacanakhaMDa, AyaMbila zALA, bhaktikhaMDa, snAtrakhaMDa sAthenuM vizALa dharmasaMkula... vizALa zrAvikA upAzraya... sUtra svAdhyAyathI dhamadhamatI pAThazALA... AvA vividhalakSI vizALa dharmadhAmamAM borivalI uttara-pazcima vibhAgamAM vistarelo jaina saMgha suMdara ArAdhanA kare che. aneka pUjya gurubhagavaMtonA amArA zrIsaMgha upara asIma upakAro che. temAMya, amArA zrIsaMghamAM vi.saM. 2049nuM yazasvI cAturmAsa karanArA pU.gaNivarya zrI muktivallabhavijayajI ma.sA., pU.munirAjazrI udayavallabhavijayajI ma.sA. Adi eTale amArA zrIsaMgha sAthe atyaMta AtmIyabhAve saMkaLAyeluM zramaNavRnda ! jemanI preraNA, mArgadarzana ane zubhAzISa amane haMmezA khUba upakAraka banyA che... te zramaNavRndanA ja tapasvIratna pU.munirAjazrI meghavallabhavijayajI ma.sA.nI vardhamAna tapanI 100mI oLInI dIrgha tapasyA jayAre pUrNAhUtine Are che tyAre te tapanI hArdika anumodanA sAthe amArA zrIsaMghanA jJAnanidhimAMthI prastuta grantha prakAzanano lAbha maLatA ame harSa anubhavIe chIe. li. zrI borIvalI maMDapezvara roDa dhe.mU.jaina saMgha vatI, rasikalAla ke. zAha

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4 zrI cintAmaNipArzvanAthAya namaH mahAmahopAdhyAya zrI yazovijayebhyo namaH zrIprema-bhuvanabhAnu jayaghoSa-dharmajit-jayazekharasUri- jaga- meghavallabhavijayasadgurubhyo namaH prAstAvikam mRtyu pachI paNa dAyakAo ane saikAo sudhI potAnA kAryo ane kRtio dvArA amara rahI janArI virala vibhUtionI prathama paMktimAM mahopAdhyAya zrIyazovijayajI mahArAjAnuM nAma nizcita rIte Ave. traNa saikAo pUrve thaI gayelI e puNyamUrti jinazAsanamaMjuSAnuM eka jhagamagatuM jhaverAta che. temanA granthono bahubhAga to kALanA khapparamAM homAI gayo paNa je gaNatarInA grantho upalabdha che, tene jotA paNa alabhya grantho pratye lubdha banI javAya che. temanA racelA tamAma granthonA mAtra granthAgram paNa jo maLI jAya to temanA jIvanaparyAyanA divaso sAthe sarakhAvavAthI pratidina keTalA seMkaDo zlokonI teo sarerAza racanA karatA haze teno rasaprada aMdAja kADhI zakAya. zAsrasarjana dvArA temaNe temanA anugAmI saMgha upara karelA upakAranuM varNana karavA temanA zAstro jeTaluM ja bIjuM lakhANa kadAca karavuM paDe. teozrInA jIvanakathana aMgenI ghaNI mAhitIo aneka sthaLoe upalabdha che. eka rIte temanA racelA zAstro e ja temanuM kharuM caritra che. temanI pratibhA sarvatomukhI hatI te vAtano anubhava teozrInA racelA granthonI sUci jotA ja sahaja thaI jAya che. tarkagrantho, kAvyagrantho, alaMkAra-chaMda viSayaka grantho, karmaprakRtiTIkA, Agama-adhyAtma-yoga viSayaka grantho, prakaraNa grantho, AcAraviSayaka grantho. koI viSayakSetra evuM bAkAta rahevA pAmyuM nahIM hoya jyAM teozrIe noMdhapAtra pradAna na karyuM hoya. temAMya kyAMka khaMDanAtmaka, kyAMka pratipAdanAtmaka, to kyAMka adbhuta samanvayAtmaka zailI.. teozrInA granthonI eka vizeSatA e che ke anyakartRka grantho ka2tA sa2khAmaNImAM adhyetAne te kaThiNa lAge. tenuM kAraNa e che ke dArzanika viSaya e teonA granthono mukhya abhidheya raheto. vaLI, 'zabdasaMkoca ane arthagAMbhIrya' A temanI dareka kRtinI, dareka paMktinI khAsiyata che. parimitapadaprayogathI ja prabhUtapadArthonuM pragaTIkaraNa, ekAda mantavyanuM nirasana karatA AnuSaMgika rIte ja 'tena' ityAdi padathI aneka matAMtaronuM nirasana sUcita karI devAnI jabarI hathoTI, prAtana granthonI paMktionA rahasyArthane kholIne emAM kaMIka svakIya abhinava unmeSanI prasAdI bheLavIne sulita ane rasALa rajuAtazailI dvArA padArthane tAMbula jevo svAdu banAvavAnI pracaMDa pratibhA, pUrvAcAryonA

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sAkSipAThone aneka jagyAe TAMkIne Thosa rajuAta karavAnI anokhI kaLA... A badhI ja temanA granthonI lAkSaNika vizeSatAo che, je prastuta granthamAM paNa jovA maLe che. granthaviSayavicAra : padArthanirNaya mATe atIva upayogI banatA traNa tattvo, pramANa-naya-nikSepane prastuta granthanA traNa paricchedamAM AvarI levAyA che. granthakArazrInA anyagranthonI apekSAe A grantha saraLa lAge kharo paNa dArzanika viSayano ane mahAmedhAvI mahopAdhyAyajIno A grantha kharo ne ! tethI kliSTatA paNa rahevAnI ja. TUMkamAM kahIe to granthane anatikaThina kahI zakAya. granthanI zailI jotA prAthamika jijJAsuone jainatarkanI paribhASAno spaSTa bodha karAvavo granthakArane abhipreta hoya ema spaSTa jaNAya che ane mATe ja pracaMDa pratibhAzALI hovA chatAM paNa prastuta granthamAM mukhyatve pUrvanA granthomAM guMthAyelA padArthone ja vINI vINIne vaNI levAmAM AvyA che. vizeSAvazyakabhASya (brahavRtti) ane syAdvAdaratnAkara e be virATakAya mahAgranthonA AdhAre ane lagabhaga e ja kramathI ahIM prarUpaNA karAI che. pratyakSa pramANanA adhikAramAM thayeluM jJAnapaMcakanuM pratipAdana ane nikSepa paricchedamAM thayeluM nikSepanuM nirUpaNa mahadaMze bhASyane anusaratuM jaNAya che. jayAre parokSapramANanA pAMca prabhedonI prarUpaNA, nayaparicchedamAM sAta nayo-nayabhAsonuM nirUpaNa jANe ke syAdvAdaratnAkaranA ja amuka vibhAgono saMkSepa ke sAroddhAra lAge. pAchI rajuAtanI vizeSatA to juo ! ukta banne Akara granthomAM pAnAomAM je kahevAyuM che te ahIM paMktiomAM pratibiMbita thayeluM lAge ane banne Akara granthomAM paMktiomAM je kahevAyuM che te ahIM padomAM ja pakaDAyeluM lAge. ghaDIbhara lAge ke AjanI "zorTa-henDanI saMkSiptalekhanakalA upAdhyAyajI bhagavaMtanA granthonI arthagAMbhIryapUrNa zabdasaMkoca zailI AgaLa pANI bhare che. sAthe sthaLe sthaLe pote potAnI anokhI tArkika pratibhAno paraco paNa cakhADayo che. dA.ta. (1) anyatarAsiddha hetunI svataMtra hetvAbhAsatA sAme syAdvAdaratnAkaramAM je samAdhAna (pR. 1018) apAyuM che, tene paNa prastutamAM pUrvapakSarUpe raju karIne granthakAre alagathI samAdhAna ApyuM che. (2) "ontanityaM arthankriyAsamartha na mati, mathI padhamAvA" A sthaLe ekAMtanityapadArthane pakSa banAvAyo che. jainamate to tevo koI padArtha ja prasiddha nathI. AvA sthaLe granthakAre pakSanI prasiddhi je karI batAvI che te dAda mAMgI le tevI che. bIjA paNa keTalAka AvA sthaLo granthamAM khAsa samajavA lAyaka che. vAcakavarya zrI umAsvAtijInA vacana pramAnadhAma:' (tattva. 7/6) dvArA jaNAya che ke vastutattvanuM svarUpa pramANa/nayathI jaNAya che. vastunuM jJAna, pramANa-naya ubhayAtmaka hoI zake, jayAre vastunuM pratipAdana to nayAtmaka ja hoya che. kAraNa ke vastunA sarvaaMzone eka sAthe jANI levA haju saMbhavita che paNa vastunA dareka aMzonI eka sAthe vivakSA karIne che. tattadaMzaprAdhAnyana pratipAdana karavuM saMbhavita nathI. AthI ja to saptabhaMgImAM cotho che

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avaktavyanAmaka bhaMgano niveza karAyo che. Ama naya jainadarzananuM pradhAna lakSaNa che. sAta nayonI AvI adbhuta vyavasthA anyatra durlabha che. nayaparicchedamAM granthakAre sAte nayonuM suMdara vivecana karyuM che. nayonuM spaSTIkaraNa prAcIna aneka granthomAM upalabdha che. sUtrakRtAMgasUtra, sthAnAMgasUtra, bhagavatIsUtra, Adi aMgasUtro uparAMta anuyogadvAra, Avazyakaniyukti, vizeSAvazyakabhASya, nyAyAvatAra, syAdvAdamaMjarI, dvAdazAniyacakra, pravacanasAroddhAra. zAstravArtAsamuccaya, saMmatitarka, tattvArthasUtra, tenuM bhASya tathA aneka vRttio, anekAMtajayapatAkA, anekAMtavAdapraveza, ratnAkaraavatArikA, pramANanaya-tattvAlakAlaMkAra, nayakarNikA vagere saMkhyAbaMdha granthomAM A viSayanI chaNAvaTa thaI che. A to zvetAMbarIya zAstronI vAta thaI, digaMbarIya aneka granthomAM paNa nayonuM vivecana upalabdha che. aneka prAcIna grantho hovA chatAM paNa prastuta granthakAre navyazailImAM naviSayaka aneka granthonI racanA karI che. nayapradIpa e prAthamika jijJAsuone naviSayaka jANakArI Apato grantha che. tenA karatA kaMIka adhika jijJAsAvALAo mATe prastuta granthano nayapariccheda paryApta che. AnA karatA paNa adhikaadhikatara jijJAsAvALA mATe na rahasya, anekAntavyavasthA, tattvArthanA 1lA adhyAyanI TIkA, nayopadeza vagere grantho upalabdha che. nayaparicchedamAM granthakAre naviSayaka paryApta vivecana pUruM pADyuM che. nikSepa jevA Agamika prameyanuM dArzanika prameya jevuM rocaka ane tarkapurassara nirUpaNa e kadAya prastuta granthakAranI eka virala bheTa kahevAya. TUMkamAM, Agamika ane dArzanika prameyono subhaga samanvaya sAdhIne ApaNI samakSa padhArelo grantharAja che jainata/bhASA. | vivaraNa vize kaMIka - mahopAdhyAyajIno grantha, ane vivaraNa huM lakhuM ! asaMbhava ! paNa bhakatAmara stotranI chaThI gAthAe mane cAnaka lagADI ane pUjayonI kRpAnA prabhAve je lakhAyuM te pragaTa thAya che. saLaMga TIkA paNa nahIM ane viSamapadaTippaNa paNa nahIM evuM A vivaraNa che. keTaleka sthaLe anyAnya granthonA saMdarbhonA AdhAre kaMIka "nanu'... "na ..' karyuM che, kyAMka tAravaNIo kADhI che, kyAMka mUlastha paMktino vistAra karyo che. zrIvizeSAvazyakabhASya (maladhArI vRtti), zrIvAdidevasUrikRti pramANanayatattAlokAlaMkAra svopajJa vRtti (syAdvAda ratnAkara), kalikAlasarvajJa zrI hemacandrAcAryakRta pramANamImAMsA, zrIsiddhasena-divAkarasUrikRta nyAyAvatAra (vRtti), maho. kRta na rahasya vagere mukhya AdhAra banyA. A granthoe ahIM sAcA kalyANamitranI garaja sArI che. svakIya svAdhyAya, arthadhAraNA e vivaraNa pAchaLanuM eka agatyanuM kAraNa che. (vajIranattara prayogametatu I) granthanI paMktio ane tenA pratipAdya prameyone spaSTa rIte samajavAmAM saraLatA karI ApavAmAM adhyetAone A vivaraNa lezataH paNa sahAya kare e paNa bhAvanA kharI. (zrotunattara prayogananetan ) prastuta grantha upara pU.A.zrI & lAvaNyasUrikRta TIkA (ratnaprabhAvRtti) racAyelI che. taduparAMta, paM. sukhalAle prastuta granthanA che

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saMdarbho vizeSAvazyakabhASyavRtti-syAdvAdaratnAkara vagere granthomAM jyAM maLe che teno saMgraha A karatI tAtparyasaMgraho vRtti paNa racI che. vivaraNa karavAmAM kyAMka ukta be TIkAo paNa sahAyaka banI che. mULa granthano gurjara bhAvAnuvAda paNa sAthe ja che. nAnAmi - tarkanI ja paribhASAmAM vAta karIe to jJAna thavAmAM viSayavidhayA padArthane paNa jo kAraNa kahevAya che. ghaTanAza pratye pratiyogividhayA ghaTa paNa jo kAraNa kahevAya che, to prastuta graMtha racIne mane svAdhyAya-sarjananI eka apUrva takanI bheTa dharanArA maho. yazovijayajI mahArAjano sauprathama upakAra mAnuM chuM. * potAnA jIvananA aMtima divaso daramyAna prastuta grantha upara vivaraNa +bhAvAnuvAda lakhavA hArdika zubhAzISa pAThavI mane upakRta ane ullasita karanArA sva. gurudeva nyAyavizArada vardhamAna taponidhi pUjayapAda A.bhaga. zrImadvijayabhuvanabhAnusUrIzvarajI mahArAjA... vi.saM. 205ra nA cAturmAsa daramyAna sAbaramatI (rAmanagara)mAM jeozrIe satata kRpAvRSTi karIne saMyama ane jJAnavRddhi mATe protsAhita karIne prastuta kAryamAM joma puryuM che te siddhAntadivAkara gacchAdhipati pUjyapAda A.bhaga zrImadvijayajayaghoSasUrIzvarajI mahArAjA... devalokanI aTArIethI paNa jANe satata mArA AtmahitanI kALajI karanArA sahajAnaMdI sva.pU.A.bhaga. zrImadvijaya dharmajitasUrIzvarajI mahArAjA... sUrimAnA ajoDa sAdhaka ane sadAnA preraNAstrota pU.A.bhaga. zrImadvijaya jayazekharasUri mahArAjA... saMsArakUpamAMthI ugAranArA ane paramopakArI gurudeva pU.paM.zrIjagavallabhavijayajI mahArAjA... dila daIne adhyayana karAvanArA tathA prastuta vivaraNa+bhAvAnuvAdane mahadaMze saMzodhita karI ane atyaMta upakRta karanAra sAttvika-tArkika vidyAguruvarya zrIabhayazekharavijayajI gaNivarya... vAtsalyapradAna dvArA satata zubhayogomAM joDanArA paramopakArI-tapasvI-gurudeva (gRhasthapaNe pitAjI) pU.munirAja zrImeghavallabhavijayajI mahArAjA... * sadAnA protsAhasrota kalyANamitra pU.munirAja zrI muktivallabhavijayajI mahArAjA tathA prastuta kAryamAM stutya sahAya karanArA laghubaMdhumunivara zrI hRdayavallabhavijayajI.. ane aneka rIte sahAyaka banela sahu koIno RNI chuM. pUjayonI paramapAvanI kRpAnI ja ekamAtra nIpajarUpe taiyAra thayelA saMskRta vivaraNa ane gurjara bhAvAnuvAdamAM koIne kyAMya paNa kSati jaNAya to tenuM parimArjana karavA vinamra prArthanA che. - muni udayavallabhavijaya vi. saM. 2053, jJAnapaMcamI, sAbaramatI (rAmanagara)

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(jainatarkabhASAviSayAnukramaH viSayaH pRSTham (1-173) W 0 1. pramANapariccheda : 1. pramANasAmAnyasya lakSaNanirUpaNam 2. pratyakSa lakSayitvA sAMvyavahArika-pAramArthikatvAbhyAM tadvibhajanam 3. sAMvyavahArikapratyakSasya nirUpaNam, matizrutayovivekazca 4. matijJAnasya avagrahAdibhedena cAturvidhyaprakaTanam 5. vyaJjanAvagrahasya cAturvidhyapradarzane manazcakSuSoraprApyakAritvasamarthanam 6. arthAvagrahasya nirUpaNam 7. IhAvAyadhAraNAnAM kramazo nirUpaNam 8. zrutajJAnaM caturdazadhA vibhajya tannirUpaNam 9. pAramArthika pratyakSaM tridhA vibhajya prathamamavadhernirUpaNam 10. manaHparyavajJAnasya nirUpaNam . 11. kevalajJAnasya nirUpaNam 12. parokSaM lakSayitvA paJcadhA vibhajya ca smRternirUpaNam 13. pratyabhijJAnasya nirUpaNam 14. tarkasya nirUpaNam 15. anumAna dvedhA vibhajya svArthAnumAnasya lakSaNama 16. hetusvarUpacarcA 17. sAdhyasvarUpacarcA 18. parArthAnumAnasya pratipAdanam 19. hetuprakArANAmupadarzanam 20. hetvAbhAsanirUpaNam 21. AgamapramANanirUpaNam 22. saptabhaDagIsvarUpacarcA nayaparicchedaH | 23. nayasAmAnyalakSaNam 24. dravyArthika-paryAyArthikanayanirUpaNam 0 4 108 109 117 132 146 153 160 162 (174-208) 174 177

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25. naigamanayanirUpaNam 26. saGgrahanayanirUpaNam 27. vyavahAranayanirUpaNam 28. RjusUtranayanirUpaNam 29. zabdanayanirUpaNam 30. samabhirUDhanayanirUpaNam 31. evambhUtanayanirUpaNam 32. artha-zabda-arpita- anarpitanayAnAM nirUpaNam viSayaH 33. vyavahAra - nizcayanaya nirUpaNam 34. jJAna- kriyAnayanirUpaNam 35. nayAnAM viSayavicAraH 36. nayAbhAsanirUpaNam nikSepaparicchedaH 37. nikSepasAmAnyalakSaNam 38. nAmanikSepanirUpaNam 39. sthApanAnikSepanirUpaNam 40. dravyanikSepanirUpaNam 41. bhAvanikSepanirUpaNam 42. nAmAditrayANAm bhedapradarzanam 43. nAmAditrayANAm vastutvasiddhiH 44. nikSepANAM nayeSu yojanA 45. jIvaviSaye nikSepA: 46. granthakartuH prazasti pRSTham 178 183 184 185 186 189 190 193 194 195 198 202 209-245 209 212 213 218 220 221 223 229 236 243 8

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10 viSaya | pramANaparicchedavivaraNam maGgalazlokAH | mUlasthamaGgalazloke'tizayacatuSTayodghATanam | pramANapadasya pUrvanipAtarahasyam .. | prAcIna-navyanaiyAyikakRtapramANalakSaNakhaNDanam bauddha-mImAMsakIyapramANalakSaNanirAkaraNam | darzanasya pramANakoTibahirbhAvasthApanam vivaraNaviSayAnukramanirdeza pRSThAMka viSaya . (1-173) arthAvagrahalakSaNArtha : .. viparyaya-saMzayasvarUpadyotanam. anadhyavasAya- arthAvagrahayoH bhedapradarzanam jJAnasya svaprakAzyatvasiddhiH avagrahAdInAM kramasApekSaH pramANaphalabhAvaH kevalasya sukhaphalakatve matadvayasamanvayaH . | pramANaphalavibhAgapradarzanam .. | kartRkaraNayorekAntabhedavAdanirasanam | indriyabhedaprabhedanirUpaNam . upayogasya vyApAratvakalpanAyA: nirAkaraNam | bauddhasammatapratyakSalakSaNakhaNDanam .. naiyAyika-mImAMsaka-sAGkhyoktapratyakSa lakSaNakhaNDanam |matizrutayorvivekaH avadheH zrutAnanusAritvasyopapadAnam . | nandimUtraprAmANyAd vyaJjanAvagrahe jJAnamAtrAyAH siddhiH . ghrANendriyasya prApyakAritvasiddhiH 1 naizcayikArthAvagrahasya darzanarUpatvapratipAdanam . . 2 IhAyAH saMzayabhinnatvopapattiH .. . 3 IhAyA: upacaritaprAmANyapratipAdanam 4 IhA- tarkayoH bhedopapAdanam 5 avagrahAdInAM kramavyavasthArahasyam 6 avagrahAdInAM bhedAbhedapratipAdanam 7 akSapadArthavinizcayaH 8 akSarazrutatraividhyam. 11 dravyazrutasya stotavyatvapradarzanam . 12 | labdhyakSarasya paropadezajatvAbhAvapradarzanam . .13 ucchvasitAdereva dravyazrutatve rUDhItarkapradarzanam . 14 . 16 avadhinA kSetrakAlagrahavicAraH manaH paryavadarzananiSedhavicAraH 19 . 21 manasaH kaivalyajanane sAmarthyAbhAvapratipAdanam . . 29 kevalinaH kavalAhAravyavasthApanam pRSThAMka 81 81 84 85 86 zrotrendriyamaprApyakArIti 88 | bauddhamatanirAkaraNapUrvaM zrotraprApyakAritvaprasiddhiH .. 41 sAdRzyAdeH pratyabhijJAnagrAhyatvasAdhanam ........ 90 cakSurmanasoraprApyakAritvasiddhiH .43 | tarkapramANena vAcyavAcakabhAvagrahe prakriyApradarzanam .. 98 pratyabhijJAnakAraNasadbhAvasthApanam . 34 pratyabhijJAnaviSayavyavasthApanam . 37 pratyabhijJAne prAbhAkaramatApanayanam . . 39 pratyabhijJAnasyAtiriktapramANatvasthApanam .45 .53 .54 .55 55 60 62 64 65 .66 66 73 76 77 smRtilakSaNavicAraH cintAmaNikAramatanirAsazca .. 79 . 30 smRtiprAmANye udayanAcAryamatakhaNDanam 80 . 31 smRtiprAmANye bhATTamatanirasanam . 33 smRtiprAmANye jayantabhaTTamatApAkaraNam .69

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viSaya tarkaprAmANye bauddhamatakhaNDanam tarkasya svatantrapramANatvasthApanam | bauddhasammata hetutrairupyakhaNDanam . | naiyAyikalpitahetupaJcarupatAnirAkaraNam | apratItAdisAdhyavizeSaNAnAM svArthaparArthAnu mAnApekSayA vyavasthApanam | vyAptigraha kAla- anumitikAlApekSayA sAdhyasvarUpabhedadyotanam . vikalpasiddhadharmiNaH prasiddhau pathadarzanam ubhayasiddhahetoreva parArthAnumAnAGgatvavyava sthApanam parArthAnumAne'vayavasaGkhyAne dArzanikAnAM mantavyAni avayavaprayoge'nekAntapradarzanam . akiJcitkarahetvAbhAsasya pakSAbhAse'ntarbhAva pradarzanam. | zabdapaudgalikatvasiddhiH | saptabhaGgIlakSaNapradarzanam . | AdyabhaGgadvaya-tRtIyabhaGgakayorbhedapradarzanam nayapariccheda-vivaraNam pramANanayabhedapradarzanam . | nayasaptake'zeSAbhiprAyAntarbhAvapradarzanam nayasAmAnyalakSaNapadakRtyaM. naigamanayamatapradarzanam | vyaJjanaparyAya- arthaparyAyavyAkhyAnam. saGgraha nayamatopavarNanam .. vyavahAranayamatapradarzanam . RjusUtranayamatavarNanam .. | zabdanayAnAM sAdhAraNamatavarNanam pRSThAMka viSaya . 102 zabdanayamatAvedanam .. . 106 | samabhirUDhamatapradarzanam .110 evambhUtanayamatopavarNanam . . 115 samabhirUDhaivambhUtayoH bhedapradarzanam jJAna- kriyAnayavaktavyatA. .117 zabdasya RjusUtrAdalpArthatApratipAdanam svatantrasAmAnyavizeSapadArthavAdanirAkaraNam. . 122 | advaitavAdakhaNDanam . 128 |AtmasiddhiH . .137 kSaNikavAdasyA''pekSikaH svIkAra: zabdanayAbhAsanirUpaNam . . 188 189 . 190 . 190 195 . 199 ....202 203 . 204 paramANusiddhi: kSaNikavAdopamardanaM ca 205 206 .207 .142 nikSepaparicchedavivaraNam 144 pramANa -naya-nikSepakramarahasyadyotanam nikSepasAphalyavyutpAdanam nAmanikSepalakSaNArthakathanam nAmno yAvatkathikatvokteH prAyovacanAtmakatvaM. sthApanAnikSepalakSaNArthakathanam . (174-208) dravyanikSepalakSaNArthapradarzanam . 155 158 .161 .163 11 . 174 dravyakriyAvicAraH. . 175 bhAvanikSepalakSaNArthakathanam . . 176 nAmAdInAM vastutvopapAdanam .. . 178 nAmAdInAM bhAvAvinAbhUtatvapratipAdanam . 182 sarvavastuno nAmAdicatuSTayAtmakatva pRSThAMka . (209-245) .209 . 210 . 212 . 214 . 216 218 219 .220 224 .226 182 vyavasthApanam . .228 . 183 RjusUtrasya dravyArthikatvamate sUtravirodhapradarzanam .. 233 .236 . 186 nikSepacatuSTayasya sarvavyApitAvimarzaH 186 prazastiH . 242

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gurjara bhAvAnuvAda viSayapRSThAMkanirdeza pRSThaka | paNa ......... * * * * * * * * * * * * * ................ 56 viSaya viSaya pRSThaka maMgalazlokano vizeSArtha........................ 1 | arthAvagraha vize keTalAkanA pramANanuM sAmAnya lakSaNa ...................... 4 | mantavyano nirAsa..................... ....48 lakSaNamAM jJAnapadanuM prayojana ............... 5 |arthAvagrahamAM vizeSagrahaNa mAnI zakAya nahIM. 50 lakSaNagata vyavasAyi padanI sArthakatA.......... 7 kSiprAdi avagrahabhedo tattvataH apAyanA che...51 saMzaya-viparyaya-anadhyavasAyanuM saMkSipta svarUpa ... 8 nizcaya-vyavahAranI apekSAe avagrahanA be bheda.. para lakSaNagata sva-parapadanI sArthakatA ............. 9 IhAnuM nirUpaNa.. .......... 54 mImAMsakamate jJAna nityaparokSa che........10 apAyanuM svarUpa nyAya-vaizeSika mate jJAnanuM svarUpa ........... 11 dhAraNAnuM svarUpa ............ jainamate jJAna svaprakAzya che ................. apAya-dhAraNAno vyutpattilabhya artha svarUpadarzaka vizeSaNo paNa mAnanAranA matano nirAsa. ............... apekSAe sArthaka che ........................12 avagrahAdinA kramanuM nirUpaNa .............. pramANa-phaLa vacce kathaMcit abheda che....... 15 matijJAnanA 28 tathA 336 prabheda .......... upayogendriya e ja pramANa che.. .............18 zrutajJAnanA 14 bheda labdhIndriyaprAmANyavAdanuM nirasana ............ 21 | akSaradyutanuM nirUpaNa ....................... zaktipramANavAdIne prAbhAkaramatapravezApatti ... 23 |anakSaradyutanuM nirUpaNa .... .......66 pramANanA be bheda ......... 24 siMjJi-asaMjJi-samya-mithyAzrutanuM nirUpaNa .....68 vizeSaNa ane upalakSaNa vacce taphAvata...... 26 sAdi-anAdi-saparyavasita-aparyavasitazrutanuM parokSa zabdanI vyutpatti ane pravRttinimitta... 27 nirUpaNa ............... .................. 68 sAMvyavahArika ane pAramArthika pratyakSa ....... 27 gimika-agamika-aMgapraviSTa-anaMgapraviSTadyutanuM sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa vastutaH parokSa che ...... 28 nirUpaNa ***********.......... 69 sAMvyavahArika pratyakSanA be bheda ............ 29 pAramArthika pratyakSanuM nirUpaNa............... jJAnamAM zrutAnusAritAnuM svarUpa.............. 31 | avadhijJAnanA 6 prakAra................... vyaMjanAvagrahanuM nirUpaNa .............. 33 mana:paryavajJAnanuM nirUpaNa ............. vyaMjanAvagrahamAM jJAnarUpatAnI siddhi.......... 34 | kevaLajJAnanuM nirUpaNa .......................75 vyaMjanAvagrahanA cAra bheda ............ 37 | kevaLajJAnano kavalAhAra sAthe avirodha....... 77 cakSu-manamAM aprApyakAritvanI siddhi .........38 parokSa pramANa-smRtimAM prAmANyanI siddhi..... 78 arthAvagrahanuM nirUpaNa ......................45 smRti aMge gaMgeza upAdhyAyanA teNe sadeti... e nanTisUtrano tAtparyArtha .....45 matanuM khaMDana........... ............... 79

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13 viSaya pRSThaka viSaya pRSThaka smRti aMge udayanAcAryanA matanuM nirasana....80 vikalpasiddhadharmInI prasiddhi khaMDazaH pratyabhijJAnanuM nirUpaNa .....................82| ja thAya ............ 131 pratyabhijJAnamAM svataMtra jJAnAtmakatAnI siddhi .. 83| parArthAnumAnanuM nirUpaNa .................. 133 pratyabhijJAnamAM svataMtra pramANatvanI siddhi .... 87 pakSavacana vize anekAMta.................. 135 sAdazyamAM pratyabhijJAnaviSayatvanI siddhi......90| parArthAnumAnanAM parAbhimata lakSaNanuM khaMDana.. 136 upamAna svataMtra pramANa nathI................91| be prakAre hetuprayoga.. 142 tarkapramANanuM nirUpaNa .......................94| parArthAnumAnamAM darzatAdinA upanyAsa vize sakalavyaktinuM upasthApana tarka vinA azakya .96 anekAnta ...... 143 vAcya-vAcakabhAvanuM grahaNa paNa tarkathI .......98| hatuvibhAga-vidhisAdhaka vidhirUpa hetunA saMbaMdhagrahaNa vinA tarka pravartI zake ......... 101, prakAra ... 146 savikalpaka jJAna paNa pramANa ............. 102| niSedhasAdhaka vidhirUpa hetunA 7 prakAra ..... 149 tarka pramANasahakArI che ................... 105 . 105| vidhisAdhaka niSedharUpa hetunA 5 prakAra ..... 151 tarka svataMtra pramANa che.................... 106| niSedhasAdhaka niSedharUpa hetunA 7 prakAra ..... 15ra anumAna pramANanuM nirUpaNa ............... 108| hetvAbhAsa prarUpaNA ...................... 153 hetunA svarUpanuM nirUpaNa ................. 109 | anyatarAsiddhamAM hetvAbhAsatAnI siddhi..... 154 bauddhasaMmata hetutrarUpyanuM khaMDana ............. 109 'viruddha hetvAbhAsanuM nirUpaNa ............ 156 "aMtarthAptithI ja pakSanuM bhAna thAya'nuM anaikAntika' (vyabhicArI) hetvAbhAsanuM khaMDana... ......... 113) | nirUpaNa .............. ...... 156 naiyAyikasaMmata hetunI paMcarUpatAnuM khaMDana .... 114 | akiMcikarahetanI hetvAbhAsatAnuM nirAkaraNa 158 sAdhyanA svarUpanuM nirUpaNa ................ 117 bAdha'nI hetvAbhAsatAnuM nirAkaraNa ........ 159 viparIta-nidhyavasita vastu paNa satpatipakSanI svataMtra hetvAbhAsatAnuM sAdhya banI zake ......................... 118 | | nirAkaraNa .............. - 159 'nirAkRta'-'samANita' vizeSaNo aMge | svataMtra AgamapramANanuM nirUpaNa ........... 160 spatA ........ ............... 119| AptanuM lakSaNa ........................... 161 vyAtigrahakALa ane anumitikALanI apekSAe | saptabhaMgIne anusaratA AgamamAM ja tAttvika sAdhyanuM bhinna svarUpa ..................... 121 * * * * * **************...... 162 dharmInI prasiddhi pramANa, vikalpa ke saptabhaMgInuM svarUpa ..... 163 tadubhayathI thAya ......................... 123 saptabhaMgInA sakalAdeza-vikalAdeza svabhAvanuM vikalpasiddhadharmI vize bauddhamatanuM khaMDana..... 124 nirUpaNa ............. ...... 167 vikalpasiddhadharmI vize naiyAyikamatanuM khaMDana . 127] krama ane yaugapadyanuM svarUpa... vikalpasiddhadharmI vize vizeSa vimarza...... 128| kAlAdi AThanuM svarUpa... 168 tho aMge 168

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14 pRSThaka bhAga ....... 181 183 ....... 185|bhAvarUpatAnI siddhi viSaya pRSTAMka viSaya paryAyArthika naye kAlAdi AThanuM svarUpa..... 171 | sthApanAnilepanuM nirUpaNa ............... 216 dravyanikSepanuM nirUpaNa............... naya pariccheda 174-208 | anupayoga-avidhithI karAtI kriyA paNa dravyakriyA . nayanuM sAmAnya lakSaNa bhAvanikSepanuM nirUpaNa . dravyArthika-paryAyArthika naya vibhAga nAma-sthApanA-dravyanikSepo vacce RjusUtranaya vize be mata ............. abhedanI zaMkA-pUrvapakSa ......... naigama naya ...... ............. 180 nAmAdi traNa vacce bhinnatAnI saMgrahanA ...... | siddhi-uttarapakSa ...... vyavahAra naya...... nAmAdi cAre nikSepomAM kathaMcit RjusUtra naya..... zabda naya ........ ........ 186 nikSeponI nayo sAthe yojanA ............ samabhirUDha naya ............ ....... 189 RjusUtranaya mate nikSepacatuSkasthApana ...... 230 evaMbhUta naya ............ ..... 190 saMgraha-vyavahAranaya mate nikSepacatuSkanI artha-zabda no tathA arpita-anarpita nayo. 194 siddhi............... ........ 234 vyavahAra-nizcayanaya ..................... jIva padArtha vize nAmAdi jJAna-kriyA naya ......... ........ 196 nikSepanI saMyojanA .... nayonA viSayamAM nyUnAdhikatAno vicAra .... 198 | nAmAdi nikSepacatuSTayanI sarvavyApitAnA nayAbhAsa nirUpaNa 201 bhaMganI zaMkA ane tenuM samAdhAna . dhAna .......... 238 nikSepa pariccheda] 209-245 | jIvanA dravya nikSepa aMge matAntaro ane tenuM nirAkaraNa ......... nikSepa sAmAnyanuM lakSaNa .................. 209 | granthakAranI prazasti ...................... 243 nikSepanI saphaLatA tathA prakAro ............ 210| pariziSTa 1......... 246 | nAmanikSepanuM nirUpaNa .................... 212 pariziSTa 2............... 194 ......... 236 banati nirUpaNa *****. ...... 239

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1 5. %D8 ApanI pAnI nIpaja... ApanA caraNe smaraNAMjali saha samarpaNa he nyAyavizArada pUjyapAda gurudeva AcAryadeva zrImad vijayabhuvanabhAnusUrIzvarajI mahArAjA ! ApanA nAmanI AgaLa "svargastha vizeSaNa bhale lAge... paraMtu.. zibirothI ghaDAyelA hajAro yuvAnonI dhabaktI dharmacatenA rUpe Aje ya Apa jIvaMta cho. saeNkko zramaNonI suvizudhdha saMyamacaryA ane abhuta zAsanasevAnI suramya saurabha rUpe Aje ya Apa maheMke cho. divyadarzanamAMthI nItaratI saMvega ane virAganI amRtadhArA rUpe Aje paNa Apa mojUda cho. 1 ApanA zatAdhika prAzanomAM jhaLahaLatI nirmaLa dharmajyota rUpe Apa Aje paNa upasthita cho. sakla saMghanA hIra, khamIra ane kauzalyanA prANAdhAra tarIke Aje ya ApanuM astitva anubhavAya che. jyAre ApanA smRtimaMdiranI pratiSThAno mahA-mahotsava ujavAI rahyo che tyAre "nyAyavizArada' evA ApazrIne nyAyanA viSayanA ja A grantha-vivaraNane samarpita kratA dhanyatA anubhavuM chuM. - caraNaraja udayavallabhavijaya

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(vinamra vandanAMjali) he mahopAdhyAya zrI yazovijayajI mahArAja ! A badhAe to ApanA svargArohaNanI mizatAbdi ujavI dIdhI, ane, meM to Apane granthonA nyAyAlayamAM eka kuzaLa dhArAzAstrInI adAthI kumatanAM siddhAtono jaDabesalAka radIyo ApatA najaronajara joyA hatA... mane lAge che ke - citAnI javAlAo mA zAradAnA azrupravAhanI bhISaNa jaladhArAthI zamI gaI haze ane Apa granthAgAronI rezamI pothIomAM bharAI gayA hazo. game te hoyapaNa, Apane mRta koNa kahe ? ane, eka vAta pUchuM ? jenI gaMdhamAtrathI kuvAdIo mUchikta thaI jAya tevA e vedhaka grantho Ape zuM kalorophormanI zAhIthI lakhyA hatA ? ane, jene gAtA gAtA AMkhomAMthI bhakitabhInI azrudhArA sahaja nItarI paDe te saMveka stavanAo Ape thayagesanI zAhIthI to nahotI lakhIne ? ApanA granthonA pratyeka zabdamAMthI nItaratA zAsanarAganA coLamajITha raMgathI raMgAIne, ApanI stavanAomAMthI jharatA madhura paramAtma-praNayane AsvAdIne, ane, Ape avadhArelA mA zAradAnA apAra anugrahane abhinaMdIne... ApanI bejoDa buddha pratibhAnA ane sva-pa2zAtramarmajJatAnA dastAvejI purAvA jevA advitIya granthanone vinama vajanAMjali..

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pramANapariccheda mahAmahopAdhyAyazrIyazovijayakRtA // jainatarkabhASA // 1. pramANaparicchedaH / aindravRndanataM natvA jinaM tattvArthadezinam / pramANanayanikSepaistarkabhASAM tanomyaham / / = -- vivaraNam natvA jinaM guruM caiva, saMsmRtya cA'tha zAradAm / vivriyate kvacit kiJcit, tarkabhASA yathAmati / / 1 / / nyAyavaizAradA granthA, vivRtyAH khalu tAdRzaiH / kuto me'lpadhiyo yatno, granthe'sminnucitiM bhajet / / 2 / / tathApyanugrahaM prApya, pUjyAnAM tabalAd bhRzam / svapramude'rthadhRtyai ca, prayAsa ityadoSatA / / 3 / / iha hi nyAyAcAryAdibirudavibhUSitamahAmahopAdhyAyazrIyazovijayagaNI AvazyakabhASyasyAdvAdaratnAkarAdigranthAnusAreNa pramANAdiprameyapratipAdanaparaM prAthamikajijJAsUnAM vizeSopakArakaM jainatarkabhASAkhyagranthaM viracitavAn / sa ca saGkSiptoktikatayA'lpAkSara-mahArthakagranthakoTipraviSTatvAd durbodhaM durmedhasAmiti kiJcit kvacid vivriyte| granthakArakRtamaGgalAdipratipAdanapareyam gAthA - aindravRndamiti - indra - gurjara bhAvAnuvAda zreyaskara kAryanI nirvina samApti thAya e mATe granthanI zarUAtamAM ISTadevanamaskArAdirUpa maMgala karavAnI praNAlikA ziSTapuruSomAM pravartamAna che. e ja rIte prastuta granthanI zarUAtamAM paNa granthakArazrI prathama zloka dvArA maMgala kare che. zlokArtha :- IndranA samudAya dvArA namana karAyelA ane (jIvAdi) tattvabhUta arthanI dezanA ApavAnA svabhAvavALA evA zrIjinezvara paramAtmAne namaskAra karIne huM (yazovijaya) pramANa, naya ane nikSepa vaDe tarkabhASAnI racanA karuM chuM. * bhaMgala to'no vizeSArtha * sAmAnyathI koI paNa maMgala zlokamAM zrI tIrthaMkara paramAtmAnA cAra mULa atizayone viSaya banAvIne paramAtmAnI stavanA/vaMdanA karAtI hoya che. prastuta zlokamAM paNa paramAtmAnA cAra mULa atizayone spaSTa ke garbhita rIte jaNAvAyA che. 'aindra' 'indrasya sambandhi iti aindraM, aindraM ca tad vRndaM ceti aindravRndaM' mAvi prabhA mevo artha nIkaLe che ke IndronA samUha dvArA zrI jinezvara paramAtmA namaskRta thayA che. zrI jinezvara paramAtmAnA kalyANakAdi avasare eka sAthe te aneka Indro potAnA ati vizALa daivI parivAra sAthe

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jaina takabhASA tatra-svaparavyavasAyi jJAnaM pramANam svam AtmA jJAnasyaiva svarUpamityarthaH, paraH tasmAsambandhivRndapraNataM, anena pUjAtizayaH prakaTitaH, yasya puruSavizeSasyendrAdisamUhanatikarmatvaM tasyAnyanRnAthAdipUjanIyatvaM kaimutikanyAyAgatameveti / yadyapi 'indravRndanatami'tyAdinApi niruktArthalAbhastathApyakArAnudhAvanaM svakIyeSTasiddhasArasvatamantrasmaraNalAbhArthaM jJeyam / anenAviratatve'pi zrutadevatAyA smaraNIyatA stavanIyatA ca jJApitA, mithyAtvApAdanaM tu siddhAntAcaraNobhayottIrNameva / jJAnAvaraNIyakSayopazabhaprasAdhakatvena tatsmaraNAdikaM nAnucitaM 'suadevaye'tyAdi vacanaprAmANyAt / natveti - namaskAraM namaskAryAvadhikasvApakarSabodhAnukUlavyApArarUpaM kRtvA, anena maGgalamabhihitaM, jinanamaskArasya prmmngglruuptvaat| 'jinamiti' - kSINamohanIyakarmA bhavasthakevalI, tasyaiva tattvArtha-dezakatvopapattestam, anenA'pAyApagamAtizayaH pradyotitaH, 'jayati rAgAdizatrUni ti jinapadavyutpatteH / jinapadamatra vizeSyatAkalitaM, aindravRndanatamityAdivizeSaNadvayavRttivizeSaNatAkhyaviSayatAnirUpakatvAt, apAyApagamAtizayapratipipAdayiSAyAM tu tadeva vizeSaNatAkrAntam, tathA ca vivakSAbhedabalena vishessytaasAthe pRthvItala upara AvIne paramAtmAnI stavanA-bhakti kare che. bAhya Rddhi, vaibhava, baLa vagerenI apekSAe devo-Indro manuSyo karatA ghaNA caDiyAtA che ane tevAothI paNa je namaskRta che te manuSyAdi dvArA to sutarAM namaskRta hoya ja evo artha "muhika nyAyathI siddha thAya che. zrI jinezvara paramAtmAnA A vizeSaNapadathI paramAtmAnA pUjAtizayanuM dyotana karAyuM che. yadyapi 'rUndravRntanata' kahe to paNa pUjAtizayanuM ghotana thaI zakatuM hatuM. paraMtu je sArasvatamannathI granthakArane apUrvasiddhi prApta thaI che te sArasvata bIjamatra "UkAra' nI paNa granthAraMbhamAM kRtajJabhAve smRti karavI e prastRta granthakArazrInA granthonI eka lAkSaNikatA che. mATe sva-ISTa ane svasiddha evA sArasvata manTanuM smaraNa paNa aMtargata rIte thaI jAya e hetuthI "vRndranata evo prayoga karyo che. banatvA' - zrI jinezvara paramAtmAne namIne granthano prAraMbha karAyo che. namaskAra eTale parotkArSAvadhisthApakarSabodhAnukUvavyApAra. Ama, "navA padathI zrIjinezvara paramAtmAnI samakSa granthakAre potAnA apakarSane vyakta karyo che. vaLI, 'jvA' pratyaya dvArA namaskAramAM grantharacanA karatA pUrvakAlInatva jaNAya che tethI jinanamanapUrvaka ja grantharacanAno prAraMbha karavo granthakArane ISTa che e vAta paNa 'vartI' pratyayathI vidita thAya che. "nina' - "jayati rAgAdisalUniti jinaH evI "jina" padanI vyutpatti hovAthI jinapadathI (= vizeSyapadathI) paramAtmAno apAyApagamAtizaya jaNAvAyo che. "tattvArthazina' - ahIM pratyaya zIlArthaka ("svabhAva' arthamAM) che. tethI ukta vizeSaNapadano artha Avo thaze. - "jIvAdi tattvabhUta arthonI dezanA ApavAnA svabhAvavALA', AthI jaNAya che ke zrIjinezvara paramAtmA kaivalyaprApti bAda pratidina tAttvika dezanAo ApavAnA svabhAvavALA hatA. kaimuhika nyAya : 'tArA mATe huM prANa paNa ApI dauM, dhananI to vAta ja zuM karavI ?" ahIM 'vimuta ghanam' prayoga thAya. A rIte vimuta padathI je saMgrahI levAya te kaimutikanyAyathI saMgRhIta thayeluM jANavuM.

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pramANapariccheda danyo'rtha iti yAvata, tau vyavasyati yathAsthitatvena nizcinotItyevaMzIlaM svaparavyavasAyi / vizeSaNatobhayAkrAntametat / 'tattvArthadezinamiti' - jIvAditattvAnAmarthaM tattvabhUtAnarthAn vA'nekAntAdIn dezituM zIlamasyeti, tam, anena vacanAtizayaH sAkSAtprakaTitaH, jJAnapUrvakatvaniyamAd vacanaracanAyA jnyaanaatishyo'pyaavisskRtH| 'pramANanayanikSepairiti - anena abhidheyAbhidhAnaM kRtaM sambandhAdhikAriprayojanA'vagamastu svabuddhyAM kartavya ityanubandhacatuSTayakathanaM / yadyapi nayazabdasyA'lpasvaratvAt dvandve pUrvanipAtaH prApnoti tathApi 'samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH' (tattvArtha 1-1) ityatra jJAnapadAdalpActarAdapi darzanapadasya bahvaco'bhyarhitatayA pUrvaM prayogadarzanAt 'laghvakSarA'sakhIdUta - svarAdyadalpasvarA~mekaM (siddhahai. sU.3-1-160) ityanuzAsanabalAcca pramANasyAbhyarhitatayA pUrvanipAtaH / 'tarkabhASAmiti' - granthAbhidhAnametat zrI tIrthaMkara paramAtmA pratidina divasanA prathama ane carama praharamAM dezanA ApatA hoya che. A rIte bhagavAna mahAvIra deve potAnA sAdhika 32 varSanA kevaLaparyAyamAM lagabhaga 22 hajAra jeTalI dezanAo ApI. AyuSyanA chellA 2 divasa zeSa rahetA saLaMga soLa praharanI dezanA ApI hatI. A badhI hakIkato jotA ahIM prayukta thayela zIlArthaka rUnuM pratyaya sArthaka che. vastumAtramAM anekAntAtmakatAnI prarUpaNA karavI e ja ahIM 'dezanAmAM tAttvikatA che. AvI tattvabhUtaarthonI dezanA anya koI darzananA praNetAo ApI zakyA nathI, mAtra zrI jinezvara paramAtmA ja AvI dezanA ApI zakyA che mATe mAtra zrI jinezvara paramAtmA ja tattvArthadezI hovA siddha thAya che. tenAthI paramAtmAno "vacanAtizaya' jaNAvAyo che. vaLI, vacanaprayoga karatA pUrve vAkyarthajJAna hovuM Avazyaka che. mATe je tattvabhUta arthonI dezanA ApatA hoya teomAM apUrvakoTinuM jJAna paNa hoya ja. AthI A ja vizeSaNapada dvArA arthopattithI zrIjinezvara paramAtmAno "jJAnAtizaya" paNa darzAvAyo che. A rIte niyana' e vizeSyapadathI apAyApagamAtizaya ane zeSa be vizeSaNa padothI anya traNa mULa atizayo, ema cAre ya mULa atizayo A maMgalazlokanA pUrvArdha dvArA ja darzAvAyA che. zlokanA uttarArdhamAM abhidheyanuM kathana karAyuM che. pramAniyenikSepaH - pramANa, naya ane nikSepanuM nirUpaNa A granthamAM karAze. A padathI granthanA viSayavastune pragaTa karela che. prazna : vyAkaraNanA niyamAnusAra dvanda samAsamAM alpasvarI zabda pUrvamAM Ave mATe "naya' pada pahelA AvavuM joIe paraMtu ahIM "pramANa pada pUrvamAM zA mATe mUkyuM? uttara : vavaMzagrAhI naya karatA vastuno saMpUrNa bodha karAvanArUM hovAthI pramANa abhyahiMta (adhika pUjaya) che mATe ahI samAsamAM pramANane agrasthAna maLyuM che. granthaprAraMbhamAM abhidheya, saMbaMdha, adhikArI ane prayojana A cAra vastu jaNAvAya che. Ane anubandhacatuSTaya kahevAya che. zlokanA pUrvArdhamAM maMgala karyA bAda uttarArdhamAM sAkSAt ke garbhita rIte A anubandhacatuSTayanuM jJApana karAyuM che. pramANa, naya ane nikSepa A traNa viSayonuM A granthamAM nirUpaNa karAze evuM kahevA dvArA abhidheyanuM sAkSAta kathana karyuM. pramANAdi rUpa viSayanI sAthe prastuta granthano pratipAdya-pratipAdakabhAva, bodhyabodhakabhAvAdi rUpa saMbaMdha jANavo. pratipAdya viSayanA arthI jijJAsuo enA adhikArI samajavA evo phalitArtha paNa A ja padathI jaNAya che.

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jaina takabhASA 'tanomIti-vistArayAmi 'ahamiti' saakssaatkrtRnirdeshH| tatra 'svaparavyavasAyijJAnaM pramANamiti' 'yathoddezaM nirdeza' iti kRtvA prathamaM tAvatpramANaM nirUpayati, 'mAnAdhInA meyasiddhirmAnasiddhizca lakSaNAditi prathamata eva tallakSaNamabhidadhAti, tatrApi sAmAnyalakSaNapUrvakatvAd vizeSalakSaNasyAdau tatsAmAnyalakSaNamevAha tatretyAdinA = pramANAdInAM madhya rUtvarthaH | yadyapi pramANasAmAnyalakSaNAni nAnAdarzanaprasiddhAnyanekazo vartante, kintu paramArthato'lakSaNAnyeva tAni / tathAhi - arthopalabdhihetuH pramANamiti yaugAH, yaduktaM 'upalabdhihetuH pramANamiti' (nyA.sU.bhA.2-1-11) tacca na samyak, pramAtRprameyayorapi netrAJjanazarIrAhArAdInAJca vyavahitAnAmapyarthopalabdhau hetutvena prAmANyaprasaGgAt, sAkSAddhetutva evAbhyupagamyamAne hi na jJAnAvyatiriktaM kiJcitpramANamiti tvagre vyaktIbhaviSyati / etena 'avyabhicAriNImasaMdigdhAmarthopalabdhi vidadhatI bodhAbodhasvabhAvA sAmagrI (kArakasAkalya), pramANamiti yadavAdi kArakasAkalyaprAmANyavAdinA jayantabhaTTena nyAyamaJjaryAm tamAkAM tanomyam tana dhAtune vartamAna AkhyAtapratyaya fma lagADIne tanama' kriyApada banyuM. atyAre to granthakAra maMgalAcaraNa karI rahyA che. "tarkabhASA' granthano AraMbha to have thavAno che chatAM paNa bhaviSya arthabodhaka AkhyAtano prayoga na karatA vartamAna AkhyAtano prayoga kema karyo ? evo prazna yadyapi Ubho thaI zake che chatAM paNa "vartamAna samIpe vartamAnava6 vA' e nyAyathI ekadama nikaTanA bhaviSyamAM thanArA ke bhUtakALamAM thayelA kArya mATe vartamAnakAlika prayoga thAya to te asAdhuprayoga gaNAto nathI. Ama A vAkyathI ekadama nikaTanA bhaviSyamAM ja grantharacanA karavAnI granthakAranI pratijJA sUcita thAya che. (zrotAnA manamAM sAvadhAnatAnI siddhi karavA mATe AvuM pratijJAvAkya paNa Avazyaka che.) athavA to, maMgala zloka paNa granthano ja eka bhAga gaNI laIe to te grantha karatA kAMI sarvathA bhinna hoto nathI eTale e daSTie maMgala zlokano prAraMbha e ja granthano paNa prAraMbha che mATe A rIte grantharacanA have vartamAnakRti banI jatI hovAthI tene jaNAvavA vartamAna AkhyAtano prayoga karyo che evuM arthaghaTana paNa thaI zake che. eka pramANanuM sAmAnya lakSaNa * thoddeza nirdeza' - "je kramathI viSayano nAmanirdeza karyo hoya te ja kramathI nirUpaNa karAya che" e niyama pramANe sauprathama pramANanA nirUpaNano AraMbha karAya che. koI paNa tattvanI vyAkhyA karavI hoya tyAre sAmAnya rIte 'tattvameparyArtha: vyAraNya' nA niyama pramANe vyAkhyA karAya che. 'tattva eTale te vivakSita tattvanuM asAdhAraNa svarUpa lakSaNa). ahIM paNa sauprathama pramANanuM lakSaNa batAvAya che. AgaLa pramANanA bheda-prabhedo batAvAze tyAre tenA vizeSalakSaNo paNa tyAM ja kahevAze. sauprathama to pramANanuM sAmAnya lakSaNa jaNAve che - sva ane parano yathArtha nizcaya karAvanAra jJAna e pramANa che. ahIM "sva" pada jJAnanA potAnA svarUpano vAcaka che. (jyAM je artha pratipAdya hoya tyAM te arthanA svarUpanA vAcaka tarIke "sva' zabdano

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pramANapariccheda atra darzane'tivyAptivAraNAya jJAnapadam / saMzayaviparyayAnadhyavasAyeSu tadvAraNAya vyavasAyipadam / tadapyapAstaM, sAmagryA avyavahitakaraNatvAyogAt / 'avisaMvAdijJAnaM pramANamiti bauddhAH, ( pramANavA. 2 - 1 ), tadapi na, bauddhamate hi pratyakSAnumAne dva eva pramANe, yaduktaM dharmakIrtinA nyAyabindau 'dvividhaM samyagjJAnaM, pratyakSamanumAnaM ceti' tatra na tAvatpratyakSasyAvisaMvAditvaM, tasya nirvikalpakatayA svaviSayanizcAyakatvAbhAvAt, nApyanumAnasya, bauddhamatena tasyApyapAramArthikasAmAnyaviSayakatayA pAramArthikaprAmANyAbhAvAt / ' anadhigatArthAdhigantRtvaM pramANamiti' tu bhATTA: yaduktaM 'anadhigatatathAbhUtArthanizcAyakaM pramANamiti' (zAstradIpikA - ) tadapyavyApakaM, taireva pramANatayAbhimateSu dhArAvAhikajJAneSvanadhigatArthAdhigantRtvAbhAvAt / uttarottarakSaNaviziSTAnAmarthAnAmadhigantRtvenAdoSa iti cet, svIkriyatAM tarhi tathAbhUtArthagrAhiNyAH smRterapi pramANyamiti yatkiJcidetat / anyAnyApi yAnyavicAritaramaNIyAni pramANasAmAnyalakSaNAni, tatkhaNDana - prakArazca syAdvAdaratnAkarAdito'vasAtavyaH / evaM parakIyalakSaNanirasanapUrvakaM hi prarUpyamANaM svakIyalakSaNaM sAdhimAnamAdhatte saGkSepArthabubodhayiSutvAd granthakRto'nyatra khaNDitatvAcca parakIyalakSaNAnAm, granthakRtA'tra tannirAsAyAso na kRta iti dhyeyam / yathoktaM pramANasAmAnyalakSaNaM hi zrIvAdidevasUrikRtaM, tasyaivAnuvAde kRte prakRtagranthasya prAktanagranthAnusAritA pradarzitA bhavati, atra 'pramANamiti lakSyanirdezaH zeSastu lakSaNAMzastatrApi jJAnapadaM vizeSyatAkrAntam 'svaparavyavasAyI 'ti tu vizeSaNatvakalitam / AtmabhUtaM hIdaM lakSaNaM / ayamatrAbhiprAyaH dvividhaM hi lakSaNaM, AtmabhUtamanAtmabhUtaJca, AtmabhUtaM yathA 'vanerauSNyaM', anAtmabhUtaM yathA daNDo devadattasya', svaparavyavasAyitvasya jJAnamAtrasvAbhAvyAdAtmabhUtamidaM lakSaNamiti jJeyam / 5 'atra darzane'tivyAptivAraNAya jJAnapadamiti' nanu darzanasya pramANAlakSyatvaM tsyaanishcaayprayoga thAya che. prastuta lakSaNavAkyamAM mukhyarUpe (arthAt vizeSyarUpe) jJAnanI vAta karAI che tethI ahIM 'sva' zabda jJAnanA svarUpane jaNAve che) jyAre koI paNa jJAna thAya tyAre te koIne koI viSayanuM ja thAya che. nirviSayaka koI jJAna hotuM nathI. mATe ahIM '52' zabda jJAnathI para=anya evA arthano (viSayano) vAcaka che. ekaluM jJAna ke ekalo viSaya kyAre ya pratIta thaI zake nahIM, bannenI sAthe ja pratIti thAya che. sva ane paranuM prakAzana karavuM e jJAnanuM asAdhAraNa svarUpa che. jJAna dvArA thatuM prakAzana jyAre yathArthanizcayAtmaka hoya tyAre te jJAna vyavasAyi kahevAya che. sva ane 52nuM vyavasAyi (= yathArtha nizcaya karAvanAra) jJAna e ja pramANa che. ukta lakSaNavAkyamAM, 'pramANa' padathI lakSyanirdeza ane zeSa padothI lakSaNa nirdeza thAya che. lakSaNAMzamAM paNa 'jJAna' pada e vizeSya pada che ane 'svapa2vyavasAyi' pada e tenuM vizeSaNa pada che. lakSaNagata dareka padonI sArthakatA pUravAra karavA granthakAra lakSaNavAkyanuM padakRtya kare che. * lakSaeAmAM 'jJAna' pahanuM prayozna * vastunA sAmAnya aMzanuM grahaNa karanAra 'darzana'mAM ativyApti na Ave e mATe ahIM 'jJAna' pada mUkyuM che.

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jaina tarkabhASA katayAbhihitaM, sAmAnyamAtranizcAyakatayA vA? prathamapakSastu na ramaNIyaH, vyavasAyipadenaiva etadarthalAbhasambhavena jnyaanpdvaiyrthyaaNptteH| dvitIyapakSakakSIkAre hi kathaM sanmAtragocarasya naizcayikArthAvagrahasya matijJAnopayogAntargatatvena prAmANyaM granthakRduktaM vyavasthAsyatIti cet? zrUyatAma, vyavahArAnaGgatayaiva darzanasya pramANasAmAnyalakSaNAlakSyatvamuktamiti pratibhAti, yato'gre 'samIcIno = bAdhArahito vyavahAraH = pravRttinivRttilokAbhilApalakSaNaH saMvyavahArastatprayojanakaM sAMvyavahArikamiti' sAMvyavahArikapramANavyutpattirgranthakRtaivAbhidhAsyate, tatazca jJAyate yatsaMvyavahArAGgaM bhavati tadeva pramANatveneSTaM granthakRtaH / darzanasya hi sAmAnyamAtraviSayakatvena vyavahArAnaGgatvaM, uktaJca syAdvAdaratnAkare 'jJAnamiti pramANasya vizeSaNamajJAnasvabhAvasya vyavahArAnaGgasya sanmAtragocarasya svasamayaprasiddhasya darzanasya, sannikarSakArakasAkalyAdezca naiyAyikAdiparikalpitasya prmaannyprtissedhaarthmupnystm'| uktaJca zrIguNaratnasUribhirapi SaDdarzanasamuccayaTIkAyAM- 'atra jJAnamiti vizeSaNamajJAnarUpasya vyavahAramArgAnavatAriNaH sanmAtragocarasya svasamayaprasiddhasya darzanasya, sannikarSAdezcAcetanasya naiyAyikAdikalpitasya prAmANyaparAkaraNAmiti (pR.311), tasmAd vyavahArAnaGgatayA saMvyavahAraprayojanakatvarUpaM sAMvyavahArikaprAmANyaM tatra na saMbhavatIti jJAyate / kathaM tarhi sanmAtraviSayakasya naizcayikAvagrahasyApi prAmANyamupapadyeta? iSTA ca tatra prAmANyopapattirjJAnabhedatvena tasyoktatvAditi cet, satyam, darzanAvagrahayoH sAmAnyaviSayakatvasAmye'pi paryante'pAyAtmaka-vizeSanirNayadarzanAd naizcayikArthAvagrahasya upacaritaM prAmANyamupapadyate, darzane tadabhAvAt tadabhAva iti bhAvyate / vastuto vyavahArikArthAvagrahasya asakhyeyasamayamAnasya vishessvissyktvmpybhihitgranthakAre "jJAna" padanI sArthakatA mATe ApelA A hetu uparathI teozrInA keTalAka vizeSa abhiprAyo paNa jaNAya che. bodha eTale upayoga. tenA be bheda che. (1) vastunA sAmAnya aMzanuM ja pradhAnapaNe prakAzana kare te darzanopayoga (2) vastunA vizeSa dharmonuM ja pradhAnapaNe prakAzana kare te jJAnopayoga. ahIM 'darzana' ne pramANa mAnavuM granthakArane ISTa nathI. arthAtu, tene lakSya koTimAM levuM granthakArane abhipreta nathI. mevAta. 'ativyAptivAraNAya' 56thI 49||y che. ve mevAna, 23 arzanane prbhaae| na mAnavA pAchaLa kAraNa zuM che ? darzana e nizcAyaka nathI mATe apramANa che ? ke pachI mAtra sAmAnyAMzanuM ja pradhAnapaNe prakAzana kare che mATe apramANa che? jo darzana e nizcAyaka na hoya to to 'vyavasAyi' (= yathArtha nizcAya) 56thI. 4 tebha tivyatirnu vaa25|| saMbhavatu tuM, pRthai 'na' padanI jarUra rahetI nahotI. paraMtu ahIM "jJAna" padathI ativyAptinuM vAraNa karAyuM che te ema sUcave che ke yathArthanirNaya to darzana dvArA paNa thaI zakato hovo joIe. paraMtu e mAtra sAmAnyadharmaviSayaka ja hoya che ane vastuno spaSTa bodha sAmAnyadharmanA nirNayathI thaI na zake mATe darzanane pramANa tarIke gaNavAmAM AvyuM nathI, AvuM mAnavuM yogya lAge che. (syAdvAdaratnAkara granthamAM zrI vAdidevasUri mahArAje "jJAna" padanI sArthakatA anya rIte paNa jaNAvI che. nyAyAdidarzanakAro IndriyArthasannikarSane pramANa mAne che. nyAyamaMjarIkAra jayaMtabhaTTa kArakasAphalya (=kAraNa sAmagrI) ne pramANa kahe che. jaina darzana pramANe to pramANa haMmezA jJAnAtmaka ja hoya che. sajJikarSAdi badhA jaDarUpa, ajJAnAtmaka che tethI

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pramANapariccheda mevA''game, vakSyate cAtrApi, tatazca mukhyavRttyA tasyaiva prAmANyamiti dhyeyam / ___vyavasAyipadasArthakyamupapAdayati 'saMzayaviparyayAnadhyavasAyeSu tadvAraNAya vyavasAyipadamiti' - vyavasyati = yathAvasthitatvena nizcinotItyevaM zIlaM yattad vyavasAyIti / atra yathAvasthitatveneti padena viparyayavighaTanaM, nizcinotItipadena saMzayAnadhyavasAyapratikSepaH, tathA ca yathArthajJAnameva pramANamiti phalitaM / granthAntarIyapramANasAmAnyalakSaNeSu zabdabhede satyapi bahuzo'yamevArthaH paryavasito bhAti, yaduktaM tArkikAgraNIbhiH zrIsiddhasenadivAkarasUribhiH 'pramANaM svaparAbhAsi, jJAnaM bAdhavivarjitam' (nyAyAva.1) 'pramANaM svArtha-nirNItisvabhAvajJAnamiti sammatiTIkAkRdbhizca, (pR.518) 'samyagarthanirNayaH pramANamiti' ca zrIhemacandrasUribhiH pramANamImAMsAyAM (sUtra 1-1-2) / idamatrAdhikam - pratyakSajJAnasya yanirvikalpakatayA prAmANyaM paryakalpi tAthAgataiH tannirAkaraNArthamapi vyavasAyipadaM jJeyam / atra prasaGgataH saMzayAdInAM svarUpamabhidhIyate - atasmiMstadgrahaH samAropa ucyate / tasya tisro vidhA viparyayasaMzayA'nadhyavasAyabhedAt, vastunyavidyamAnatayA viparItAyA ekasyA eva koTeH nizcayanaM viparyaya ucyate, yathA zuktikAyAmavidyamAnasya rajatatvasya, yaduktaM pramANanayatattvAlokAlaGkAre 'viparItaikakoTi-niSTaGkanaM viparyaya iti' (1-10) 'yathA zuktikAyAmidaM rajatamiti' (1-11) ullikhyamAnAnizcitasthANutvapuruSatvAdyanekAMzakaM sambhAvyamAnakoTisAdhakAsambhAvyamAnakoTibAdhakapramANAbhAvAd vidhau pratiSedhe vA asamarthaM yajjJAnaM tat saMzaya ucyate, yaduktaM- pra.na.tattvA.- 'sAdhaka jJAna" padathI anyasaMmata A badhAno vyavaccheda thAya che. evuM syAdvAdaratnAkaramAM jaNAvAyuM che.) * kSagata vyavasAyipahanI sArthatA * _ 'svaparaprakAzakaM jJAnaM pramANaM' mA dakSa banAye to zuM aidho mAve ? bhevI zaM 25 zake che paraMtu ahIM "prakAzaka' ne badale 'vyavasAyi' pada mUkavA pAchaLa paNa granthakAranuM vizeSa prayojana che. saMzaya, viparyaya ane anadhyavasAya paNa jJAnarUpa hovAthI svaparanA prakAzaka to che ja. tethI saMzayAdimAM lakSaNa ativyApta thaI jAya paraMtu "vyavasAyi' padathI A ativyAptinuM vAraNa rAyuM che. 'vyavasAyi' 27 vi+ a + so dhAtu 52thI banyo che. 'vizeSeNa = saMzayAdinirAkaraNena avasIyate vastu anena iti vyavasAyaH' mAvI vyutpattithI 'vyavasAyi' 56 saMzayAhimAM ghaTI zatuM nathI kAraNa ke saMzayAdimAM yathArtha nirNaya hoto nathI. (ahIM eka bIjI vAta paNa jaNAya che. svaparavyavasAyAtmaka jJAna pramANe" AvuM lakSaNa kare to paNa ukta badhI ApattionuM vAraNa thavuM saMbhave che to pachI vyavasAyi pada, arthAt - pratyayanI jarUra zuM che ? evo prazna thavo sahaja che. paraMtu rUnuM pratyaya sudhI pahoMcIne granthakAra ema kahevA mAMge che ke svaparano vyavasAya eTale ke spaSTa bodha e to phaLasvarUpa che. e jenAthI thAya evuM phaLathI kathaMcit bhinna jJAna, e ja ahIM pramANa tarIke abhipreta che. Ama pramANa ane phaLajJAna vacceno bhedabheda jaNAvavA rUnuM pratyaya che.) ahIM prasaMgopAtta saMzayAdinuM svarUpa joI laIe.

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jaina tarkabhASA bAdhakapramANAbhAvAdanavasthitAnekakoTisaMsparzi jJAnaM saMzaya iti' (1-12) yathA'yaM sthANurvA puruSo veti (1-13) atra 'sAdhakabAdhakapramANAbhAvAd' ityetAvadaMzena saMzayasya kAraNamabhihitaM, itarAMzastu saMzayasyAsAdhAraNasvarUpadyotanaparaH / vizeSollekhi jJAnamadhyavasAya ucyate, tasmAdanyo'spaSTaviziSTavizeSajJAnamAtramanadhyavasAya ucyate yathA gacchataH kasyacidanyatrA''saktacittasya puMsastRNasparzajJAnaM / yaduktaM pra.na.tattvA - 'kimityAlocanamAtramanadhyavasAya iti' (1-14) 'yathA gacchattRNasparzajJAnamiti' (1-15) / anyatrA''saktacittatayA hi na tasyaivaMjAtIyamevaMvidhanAmakaM vA vastu mayA spRSTamiti vizeSollekhaH samasti, kevalaM kimapi mayA spRSTamityetAvanmAtrakameva jJAnaM tatrodeti / 'anadhyavasAya' ityatra naJo'lpArthakatvaM bodhyam, na tvAtyaMtikaniSedhaparatvamanyathA jJAnapadenaiva tadvyAvRttisaMbhave vyavasAyipadena tadvyAvRttipradarzanAnupapatteH / nana yadyetAdRzamanadhyavasAyasvarUpamabhyupagamyate tadA ko nAma prativizeSo'nadhyavasAyArthAvagrahayorAvagrahasyApi sAmAnyamAtragocaratayaivAbhidhyAsyamAnatvAditi cet, atrocyate, AkArAbhede'pi phalabhedakRtaH prativizeSo'tra sambhavI, kimityAlocanamAtrajJAnaM yadIhAdirUpavakSyamANakrameNa nizcayAtmakamapAyA''khyajJAnaM janayati tadA tadeva kimityAlocanamAtrajJAnamarthAvagraha ucyate, yadi ca na taM janayati tadA'nadhyavasAya iti bruumH| ja saMzaya-viparyaya-anadhyavasAyanuM saMkSipta svarUpa ne pramANanayatattAlokAlaMkAra granthamAM saMzayAdinuM je svarUpa jaNAvyuM che te rIte ahIM jaNAvAya cha. 'sAdhakabAdhakapramANAbhAvAdanavasthitAnekakoTisaMsparzijJAnaM saMzayaH, yathA-ayaM sthANurvA puruSo veti (sUtra-9/12, 13) vivakSita vastunuM sAdhaka ke bAdhaka pramANa na maLavAthI aneka koTi vacce jhulatuM (dolAyamAna) jJAna te saMzaya. dA.ta. koI mANasane saMzaya paDyo ke "A sAme dekhAya te sthANuM (jhADanuM ThuMThuM) haze ke puruSa haze?' A jJAna sthANutva ane puruSatva e be koTio vacce jhUlatuM che. have jo sAme dekhAtI te vastumAM halanacalana jaNAya to A halanacalananuM darzana e puruSatva sAdhaka ane sthANutvabAdhaka pramANa bane eTale puruSano nirNaya thaI jAya. athavA to sAme dekhAtI vastu parathI pakSIonuM uDDayanAdi dekhAya to e sthANu-sAdhaka ane puruSatvabAdhaka pramANa ane tethI sthANuno nirNaya thaI jAya. paraMtu jo bemAMthI eke ya koTi (aMza)nuM sAdhaka ke bAdhaka eka paNa pramANa na maLe to banne koTio anirmIta ja rahe ane e banne anirmIta koTio vacce jJAna jholA khAtuM ja rahe. sAdhakabAdhakapramANAbhAva e saMzayanuM kAraNa che ane anavasthita (anirNAta) anekakoTisaMsparzitva e saMzayanuM asAdhAraNa svarUpa che. viparItaioTinizcayana viparyaya, yathA zurUchAyabhivaM rakhataniti (sUtra-1/10, 11) vastumAM viparItakoTino nizcaya thavo te viparyaya. dA.ta. zuktikA (chIpalA) ne vize A cAMdI che evuM jJAna. dUra paDelA chIpalAne taDakAmAM camakatuM joIne koIne cAMdIno bhrama thaI zake che. keTalIka vAra koIne doraDAmAM sarpano viparyaya thaI jAya. viparIta nizcayAtmaka jJAna te viparyaya. ('tati takAraka jJAna e pramANanuM lakSaNa che. jema ke ghaTatvavati (ghaTe) ghaTatvaprakAraka jJAna. atadvati ta...kAraka jJAna e

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pramANapariccheda svapareti padadvayamupapAdayannAha svapareti svarUpavizeSaNArthamuktamiti - ayambhAvaH dvividhaM hi vizeSaNaM vyAvartakaM, svruupdyotknyceti| tatra vyabhicArAdidoSavArakatayA''dyaM sArthakaM, antyaJca paricAyakatayaivopayujyate, jJAnamAtrasya sva-parobhayA'vabhAsakatvAt / svaparetipadadvayasya jJAnasvarUpamAtroparaJjanaprayojanakatayA na vastutaH pramANalakSaNAGgatvamiti phalitArthaH / ata eva samyagarthanirNasya prAmANyaM viparyaya (bhrama)nuM lakSaNa che. jema ke rajatatvAbhAvavati (chIpalAmAM) rajatatvaprakArakajJAna) vinityAnIvanamAtranadhyavasAya:, yathA macchatRsparzajJAmiti (sUtra-9/94,21) vastunA vizeSa dharmonA ullekhathI zUnya "kaMIka' evA AlocanamAtrarUpa jJAnane anadhyavasAya kahevAya che. dA.ta. raste cAlatA koI mANasane AjubAjumAM ugelA ghAsano sparza thayo paraMtu te mANasanuM citta anyatra upayukta hovAthI "amuka nAmanI amuka vastu mane sparze che AvA vizeSa ullekha vinAnuM, paNa "kaMIka sparze che'no anubhava je thato hoya tene anadhyavasAya kahevAya che. prazna : anadhyavasAyanuM jo AvuM svarUpa mAnIe to arthAvagraha ane anadhyavasAya vacce zuM bheda raheze? arthAta, banne ekarUpa thaI javAnI Apatti Avaze. kAraNa ke arthAvagrahanuM svarUpa paNa AvuM ja batAvyuM che. uttara : yadyapi bannenuM svarUpa samAna jaNAya che. chatAM paNa, eTalo bheda pADI zakAya ke jyAre tAdaza AkAranuM jJAna AgaLa jaIne apAyarUpa nizcayAtmaka jJAnane utpanna kare to tene arthAvagraha kahevAya ane jo te jJAna AgaLa jaIne koI jJAnane utpanna na kare to te anadhyavasAya jANavo. prazna : Ama to 'ra dhyavasAya: rRti sanadhyavasAya:' AvA vigraha dvArA jJAnAbhAvane ja anadhyavasAya kahevAya e prasiddha che paraMtu prastutamAM karAyelA artha pramANe "anadhyavasAya" padano artha jJAnAbhAva thato nathI. uttara : ahI "alpa' arthamAM "nagu' lAgyo che. jema atyalpa dhanavALAne nirdhana kahevAya che te rIte prastutamAM "satvaH 3thyavasAyaH yatra ja nathyavasAya' evo artha paNa saMgata che. vyavasAyAtmaka jJAnamAM vastunA yathArthasvarUpano nizcayAtmaka bodha thAya che. saMzayAdi traNe jJAnarUpa hovA chatAM paNa vyavasAyAtmaka nathI. saMzayajJAna to dolAyamAna hovAthI tyAM vastuno nirNaya ja nathI. viparyayajJAna yadyapi nizcayAtmaka che kharuM paraMtu yathArthanizcaya tyAM paNa nathI. anadhyavasAyamAM vastunA vizeSa dharmono nirNaya nathI mATe vyavasAyAtmakatA traNemAM ghaTI zakatI nathI. tethI "vyavasAyi' padathI saMzayAdi traNeno vyavaccheda thAya che. ja lakSaNagata "sva-para' padanI sArthaktA * Ama to je koI paNa jJAna hoya te sva-para ubhayanuM vyavasAyi ja hoya che. ekaluM svavyavasAyi ke paravyavasAyi koI jJAna hotuM ja nathI mATe Ama to "sva-para' pado na mUkatA "vyavasAyijJAna pramANe" eTaluM ja mAtra lakSaNa kare to paNa te paryApta che. chatAM paNa, anyadarzanIonA matano nirAsa karavA mATe "sva-para' pada mUkyAM che. jainadarzana mATe to e banne pado mAtra svarUpadarzaka ja che e

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10 jaina tarkabhASA parokSabuddhyAdivAdinAM mImAMsakAdInAm, bAhyArthApalApinAM jJAnAdyadvaitavAdinAM ca matanirAsAya vyavasthApayatA zrI-hemacandrasUriNoktaM pramANamImAMsAyAM 'svanirNayaH sannapyalakSaNamapramANe'pi bhAvAt' (sUtra 1-1-4) iti na svaparetipadadvayaM vastuto lakSaNaghaTakamiti sthitam / kiJca, vastusvarUpadyotanaparasyApi vizeSaNasya parasaMmatamithyAvastusvarUpavyAvartanakSamatvena zrotuH samyagvastusvarUpe sthairyApAdakatvAdapi mahatsAphalyam / anayaiva yuktyA prakrame svapadena jJAne nityaparokSatvaM mImAMsakasaMmataM, ekAtmasamavetajJAnAntaravedyatvaM taiyAyavasaMmataM nirAzciyate | mImAMsakAstAvaditthaM svamataM varNayanti yat- 'jJAnaM svasaMviditaM na bhavati svAtmani kriyAvirodhAt' / na hyatIvapaTurapi naTavaTuH svakIyaskandhamadhiroDhuM kSamaH, na ca vRkSocchede'pi labdhaprasArA khaDgadhArA svaM chettumAhitavyApAreti na paramANusvarUpamapi prakAzayajjJAnaM svaM jJApayitumalam / tadavicAritaramaNIyam, yataH kimutpattiH svAtmani viruddhyate jJaptirvA ? yadyutpattistuSyatu bhavAn, asmAkamapi hastamelApo'tra, sUcita karavA mATe granthakAre 'svarUpaviSArthamuma' evuM kahyuM che. tema chatAM paNa A be padothI je rIte anyamatanirAsa thAya che te joIe. mImAMsako jJAnane parokSa mAne che. vastune prakAzita karanArUM pratyakSa jJAna paNa pote to parata ja jaNAya che evI temanI mAnyatA che. temanI A mAnyatAnuM nirasana karavA mATe lakSaNamAM "sva" pada mUkyuM che. jJAna "para" nI jema "sva"nuM paNa nizcAyaka che. evuM "sva" pada mUkIne jaNAvavA dvArA mImAMsaka matanuM nirasana karAyuM che. bauddhanA yogAcAra, mAdhyamika, sautrAntika ane vaibhASika ema cAra mukhya bhedo che. temAMthI yogAcAra (jJAnAdvaitavAdI) mata jJAnabhinna ghaTa-paTAdi koI paNa vastune svIkArato nathI. temanA mate ghaTAdi paNa jJAnanA ja AkAravizeSo che. uktalakSaNavAkyamAM "para" pada mUkIne jJAnathI anya-para vastu che ke je jJAnano viSaya bane che evuM kahevA dvArA jJAnAdvaitavAdI bauddha (yogAcAra) matanuM khaMDana karAyuM che. granthakAre ahIM "jJAnAghadvaitavAdinAm" padamAM "Adi zabda vAparyo che tethI jaNAya che ke yogAcAramatanA nirasana uparAMta paNa bIjA keTalAkonA matanuM khaMDana temane abhipreta che. eka mAtra parabrahmane ja satya mAnIne zeSa ghaTapaTAdi tamAma padArthone asatuM kahenArA brahmAdvaitavAdI vedAntamatanuM, samasta jagatane zabdamaya kahenArA zabdadvaitavAdI (bhartuhari) matanuM paNa A "para" zabdathI khaMDana karAyuM che. upalakSaNathI e paNa samajI levuM ke zUnyavAdI mAdhyamikamatanuM "sva' ane para" e banne pado dvArA khaMDana thAya che. * mImAMsakamate jJAna nityaparokSa che ja - "sva" zabdathI mImAMsaka-naiyAyika AdinI mAnyatAonuM khaMDana karAyuM che. ahIM prasaMgataH teonI mAnyatAone saMkSepathI jANI laIe. mImAMsako jJAnanuM pratyakSa mAnatA nathI. arthAt, jJAnane svaprakAza mAnatA nathI. temanI prakriyA pramANe jyAre jJAnathI ghaTanuM pratyakSa thAya tyAre ghaTamAM "jJAtatA' nAmano paryAya utpanna thAya che. ghaTamAM rahelA A jJAtatAparyAyanuM pratyakSa thAya che. ghaTamAM jJAtatA to ja utpanna thaI zake. jo ghaTanuM jJAna thayuM hoya. tethI jJAtatAliMga, (kAryaliMgaka)

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pramANapariccheda jJAnasya jJAnAvArakakarmakSayakSayopazamAnyatarajanyatvAbhyupagamena abhedapratyAsattyA jJAnakartRkajJAnakarmakakriyAyA anbhyupgmaat| yadi jJaptiH ko'tra virodhaH prakAzAtmanaiva pradIpasya yathotpattistathaiva jJAnasyApi / na hi ghaTaM prakAzayan pradIpaH svaprakAze pradIpAntaramapekSate, jJAne'pi kimiti na svIkriyate / na hyaprakAzitaH pradIpaH paraprakAzanasamarthaH, jJAne'pi tulyametat / nanu yadi jJAnaM svamapi prakAzayati tarhi kimiti svaviSayakajJAnamiti na vyavahAro dRzyate'pi tu ghaTAdiviSayakatayaiva sa sampravartata iti cet, ayamatra viveka: jJAnasya svaprakAzyatve'pyakarmakasyaiva tasya cakAsanAnnaitAdRgvyavahAro, yathA na ' pradIpa svaM prakAzayatI 'ti vyavahAro'pi / vivakSAvizeSataH kvacittAdRgvyavahAraH syAdapi, yathA'traiva pramANalakSaNavyAkhyAyAmeva jJAnasya svaprakAzyatvapratipattaye vaktuM pAryate yad 'jJAnaM svaM prakAzayati', vivakSAdhInatvAt kArakANAmitthamapyadoSa iti dhyeyam / 1 yaugAstu - jJAnaM svAnyaprakAzyaM prameyatvAt, ghttvt| etadapyacAru, anaikAntikatvAt, IzvarIyajJAnasya nityatayA svAnyaprakAzyatvAbhAvAt / IzvarIyajJAnabhinnatvena hetorvizeSaNAdadoSa iti cet, tartyekaM sandhitsato'nyat pracyavate- kAlAtyayApadiSTaduSTadandazUkadaSTatvAd divaMgatA bhavadIyayuktikAmadhuk / tathAhi - vivAdAspadaM jJAnaM svasaMviditaM, jJAnatvAt, IzvarajJAnavaditi virodhyanumAnabAdhitatvena pakSasya 11 anumAnathI ghaTanuM je jJAna thayeluM hatuM tenI anumiti karAya che. A rIte viSayanuM pratyakSa jJAna thAya che ane e jJAna pote jJAtatAliMgakaanumAnathI jaNAya che. Ama mImAMsako jJAnane nityaparokSa mAne che. (mImAMsakamatanA mukhya traNa bhedo che. (1) kumArilabhaTTano mata ahIM je jaNAvyo te pramANe jANavo. (2) prabhAkara mizra jJAnane svavyavasAyI mAne che. (3) murAri mizra jJAnane anya anuvyavasAya jJAnathI vedya mAne che tethI nyAya - vaizeSika matane A mata maLato Ave che. prastutamAM to lakSaNagata 'sva' padathI kumArilabhaTTa ane murArimizranA matanuM khaMDana karAyuM che. murArimizrano mata nyAya-vaizeSika matane mahadaMze maLato Ave che tethI ahIM teno mata pRthak jaNAvyo nathI. nyAyAdimata je vakSyamANa che te pramANe samajI levuM.) - * nyAya-vaizeSikmate jJAnanuM svarUpa * naiyAyiko jo ke mImAMsakonI jema jJAnane parokSa mAnatA nathI, kintu pratyakSa ja mAne che. paraMtu teo paNa jJAnane svaprakAzaka to nathI ja mAnatA, parataH prakAzya ja mAne che. ghaTanuM jJAna thAya te pachI 'ghaTajJAnavAnao' arthAt, 'mane ghaTanuM jJAna thayuM che' evuM mAnasa pratyakSa thAya che jene teo anuvyavasAyajJAna kahe che. paheluM jJAna vyavasAyAtmaka hoya che. jema game tevI tIkSNa soya paNa potAne to na ja bhedI zake, game tevI kuzaLa nartakI paNa potAnA khabhA upara to na ja caDI zake, tema game tevuM jJAna paNa potAne to na ja jaNAvI zake, mAtra ghaTAdirUpa viSayane ja jaNAvI zake. te jJAna to bIjA jJAnathI ja jaNAya. vaizeSikanI mAnyatA paNa lagabhaga AvI ja che.

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12 jaina takabhASA svapareti svarUpavizeSaNArthamuktam / nanu yadyevaM samyagjJAnameva pramANamiSyate tadA kimanyat tatphalaM vAcyamiti cetaH, satyamA, svArthavyavasitereva tatphalatvAt / nanvevaM pramANe svaparavyavabAdhitaM tvadanumAnamiti yatkiJcidetat / vistarArthinA tvAkarAdigranthA avlokniiyaaH| pramANaphalaM darzayannAha 'svArthavyavasitereva tatphalatvAditi - pramANasya phalaM hi dvividhaM proktaMAnantaryeNa pAramparyeNa ceti / AnantaryeNa tAvatsakalapramANAnAmajJAnanivRttiH phlN| prathamasamayAdevAzeSArthaprakAzanasamarthasya kevalajJAnasya pratisamayamajJAnanivRttiH kathaM sambhavatIti tu na zaGkanIyaM, dvitIyAdisamaye tadanabhyupagame tadA kevlino'kevlitvaaptteH| navaraM prathamasamaye'jJAnanivRttiH prathamasamayavizeSaNA, tadanantaraM tu dvitIyAdisamayaviziSTeti vizeSo'pIti na phalAbhAvalakSaNo doSaH / pAramparyeNa kevalavarja zeSapramANAnAM copAdAnahAnopekSAbuddhayaH phalam | pramANamImAMsAyAmavagrahAdInAM pUvottarakramasApekSatayA'pi sApekSaH pramANaphalabhAvaH pratipAditaH yaduktaM- 'avagrahAdInAM vA kramopajananadharmANAM pUrvaM pUrva pramANamuttaramuttaraM phalam' (1-1-37) / tathA ca tadvRttiH 'tatazcehAphalApekSayA'vagrahaH pramANam, tato'pIhA pramANamAvAyaH phalam, punaravAyaH pramANaM dhAraNA phalam, tato'pi smRtiH pramANaM pratyabhijJAnaM phalam, tato'pi pratyamijJA pramANamUhaH phalam / tato'pyUhaH pramANamanumAnaM phalamiti pramANaphalavibhAgo drssttvyH'| kevalajJAnasya tAvadaudAsInyaM vyavahitaM phalaM / sAkSAt samastArthAnubhave'pi * namate jJAna svAzya cha * mImAMsaka, nyAya, vaizeSikAdinI ukta mAnyatAo sAcI nathI kAraNa ke vAstavamAM jJAna svapara ubhayanuM nizcAyaka hoya che. pradIpanA daSTAntathI A vAtanuM samarthana thAya che. jema pradIpa e ghaTa-paTAdi vastuone prakAzita kare che tema svayaM paNa prakAzita thaI jAya che, tenA prakAzana mATe anya pradIpanI AvazyakatA rahetI nathI. tema jJAna paNa arthanI sAthe svayaM paNa prakAzita thaI ja jAya che, tenA mATe jJAnAMtaranI AvazyakatA mAnavI yuktisaMgata nathI. mImAMsakAdinI ukta mAnyatAonA nirasana mATe ane jJAnanA svaprakAzyatvanI siddhi mATe jaina darzana anumAna pramANa sApecha - 'jJAnaM svavyavasAyi paravyavasAyitvAnyathA'nupapatteH pradIpavat' he svane na 49||vii. za3 te parane paNa na ja jaNAvI zake. parane te ja jaNAvI zake ke je svane paNa jaNAvato hoya, jema ke pradIpa. A rIte siddha thAya che ke dareka jJAna sva-para ubhayanuM nizcAyaka hoya ja che. * sva35Ns vizeSaeo pA apekSAme sArthas che * jainadarzana pramANe to jJAnamAtra sva-para ubhayanuM vyavasAyI che. pachI lakSAMzamAM sva-para pado na bhutA mAtra vyavasAyijJAnaM pramANaM' mATaj 4 lakSa to 55 5yAta cha. cht| maha svpara' zabdo jJAnanuM svarUpa jaNAvavA dvArA anyamate jJAnanuM je svarUpa manAyuM che tene mithyA jaNAvavA mUkAyA che. eTale Ama to A svarUpadarzaka vizeSaNo ja thayA. tAtparya e che ke sAmAnyathI vizeSaNo be prakAranA hoya che. (1) vyAvartaka vizeSaNaH lakSyathI alakSyone judA pADI de evA vizeSaNo.

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pramANapariccheda hAnopAdAnecchAdyabhAvAnmadhyasthavRttitA hyatraudAsInyapadArthaH / yadyapi zrIsiddhasenadivAkarapAdaiH sukhamapi kevalajJAnaphalatvena pratipAditaM, taduktaM tatkRtanyAyAvatAre - 'kevalasya sukhopekSe (gAthA 28), iti, tathApi zrIvAdidevasUripAdaiH sukhamupekSya upekSAyA eva kevalaM kevalajJAnaphalatvaM spaSTamuktaM syAdvAdaratnAkare, tathAhi - "nanUpekSAvatsukhasyApi phalatvaM vaktumucitamanyathA 'kevalasya sukhopekSe' iti pUrvAcAryavacanavirodho duSparihara iti cet, satyam, kintu na sahRdayakSodakSamo'yaM kevalajJAnasya sukhaphalatvapakSa ityupekSitamasmAbhiH / sukhasya hi saMsAriNi sadvedyakarmodayaphalatvam, mukte tu samastakarmakSayaphalatvaM pramANopapannaM na punrjnyaanphltvm| tataH sUktaM 'pAramparyeNa kevalajJAnasya tAvatphalamaudAsInyamiti (syA. ratnA.)" - 13 itthaJcaitad viSaye yadyapi matadvayaM tathApi kevalajJAnasya sukhaphalakatvapakSastu jJAnasukhAbhedanayAvalambI, taditarastu tadbhedanayAvalambIti nayabhedAzrayaNena na kazcidvirodhaH / jJAnasukhAbhedastu sammativRttau nyAyasUtrIyapratyakSalakSaNakhaNDanAvasare pratipAdita eva 'sukhAderjJAnarUpatvAnatikramAt, anyathA AhlAdAdyanubhavo na syAt, tadgrAhakasyAparasyAnubhavasyAnavasthAdidoSato niSiddhatvAt' ityAdinA vistarataH / kiJca, svasaMviditatvasAmyamapi jJAnasukhayoH tadabhedapakSe pramANatayA'vatarati / kiJca yathA hi sukhamadRSTavizeSajanyaM tadvad jJAnamapIti' / idaJca chAdmasthikajJAnasukhApekSayA, tadatItAvasthAyAM yathA kevalajJAnaM nAdRSTavizeSajaM tadvat tatratyaM sukhamapi tAdRzameveti / ata evoktaM nyAyAvatAravRttau sukhasya kevalajJAnaphalatvaM vyAkhyAyatA zrIsiddharSigaNinA 'sukhaM vaiSayikasukhAtItaparamAhlAdAnubhava' iti / itthaJca nayabhedakRto bhedaH kevalajJAnaphalatve draSTavya ityalaM prAsaGgikenAtha prastutaM prastumaH / svArthavyavasitereva tatphalatvAdityAdinA prakRtagranthakRtA pramANasyAvyavahitaM sAmAnyaphalamevAbhihitam / atra svAtmaka evArthaH = svArthastasya vyavasitiriti svArthavyavasitirityevaM karmadhArayapUrvakaSaSThItatpuruSa evA''daraNIya, na tu 'svaM cArthazceti svArthI', iti dvandvapUrvakaM SaSThItatpuruSaH, anupadameva vakSyamANasya zaGkAgranthasya 'nanvevaM pramANe svaparavyavasAyitvaM na syAt, pramANasya paravyavasAyitvAt phalasya ca svavyavasAyitvAdityAkArakasyA'nutthitiprasaGgAt / 6l.t. 'nIlo ghaTaH' nahIM ghaTanuM 'nIla' khevaM vizeSaNa rastAhi anya ghaTanI vyAvRtti (jAhajADI) hure che tethI 'nIla' 56 se ghaTanuM vyAvarta vizeSa che. (2) sva356rza vizeSAH A vizeSaeA ardhanI vyAvRtti astu nathI pe| lakSyanuM yathArtha sva35 gAvI he che. chAta. 'nIlaH kAkaH' ajo jhagar3o. sahIM jhagaDAmAM ratAhi anya ardha varSa saMbhavatA nathI } ThenI vyAvRtti A 'nIla' pahathI thAya, tethI jahIM 'nIla' paha se mAtra sva356rza che. vyAvarta vizeSaNa sakSyathI alakSyano meha pADe che tethI te lakSaNane ativyApta banatuM aTakAvI zake, paraMtu svarUpadarzaka vizeSaNa to mAtra lakSya vastunuM svarUpa ja jaNAve che mATe AvA vizeSaNo kAMI ativyAtyAdi doSonA vAraka banatA nathI. prazna : jo svarUpadarzaka vizeSaNo koI doSone dUra karavA samartha na hoya, to pachI AvA 1. kSayopazamajanyamityarthaH /

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14 jaina takabhASA nanu svavyavasAyitvasya pramANaphalatvapratipAdane svaparavyavasAyitvasya pramANa-phalatvaM pratipAdayataH prAktanagranthasya virodhaH syAt, tathA coktam - pramANanayatattvAloke 'svaparavyavasitikriyAkhyAjJAnanivRttyAkhyaM phalaM tu sAdhyaM pramANaniSpAdyatvAditi' (6/16), saugatamatapravezApattizca syAt, teSAM mate pramANaphalayorabhinnatvAditi cet, na, abhiprAyAparijJAnAt, yadyapi jJAnaM svaM paraM cobhayaM prakAzayati tathApi tadIyaM svamAtraprakAzanaM phalakoTau sAkSAnipatati / svamAtraprakAzanoktAvapi, vastuto jJAnAtmakasya svaprakAzanasya svaviSayaviSayakatvAnyathAnupapattyA paraprakAzanagarbhitatvamapi, 'viSayanirUpyaM hi jJAnaM, jJAnavittivedyo viSaya' iti nyAyAtparyavasyati / idamatra tAtpaya - ajJAnanivRttireva prAktanagranthoktaM sAmAnyaphalaM, ajJAnanivRttizcArthajJAtatAvyavahAraprayojyA, arthajJAtatAvyavahArazca svavyavasAyanibandhana eveti svavyavasitau satyAM paravyavasAyasyArthAdeva labhyatvena paravyavasiteH sAkSAt phalatvAbhidhAnaM granthakRtA nA''dRtam gauravAdeveti, arthatastu tadapi svIkRtameva kintu svarUpamAtravizeSaNArthamupayujyamAnatvena sAkSAt phalalakSaNAGgatvena na niviSTamiti dhyeyam / granthakarturayamabhiprAyo'gretanena 'jJAnAbhAvanivRttistvarthajJAtatAvyavahAranibandhanasvavyavasitiparyavasitaiva sAmAnyataH phalamiti draSTavyamiti granthena sphuttiibhvissyti| kevalaM zabdabhedasyAkiJcitkaratvena naatrpraaktngrnthvirodhH| yathA ca na saugatamatapravezApattistathA cAne sphuTIbhaviSyati / nanu tathApi pUrvAcAryAyagranthavirodhApattirdurvAraiva, tathAhi'phalamarthaprakAzaH' (pra.mI.1/1/34) ityanena tatrA'rthasaMvedanam pramANaphalamabhihitamatra tu svaprakAzanaM tathocyata iti kathaM na tad viruddhayeta iti cet, na, pramANamImAMsAyAM svavyavasAyasya saMzayAdijJAnasAdhAraNyenopekSitatvAdevA'nivezastathA coktam tatraiva - 'svaprakAzanaM sannapyalakSaNaM, apramANe'pi bhAvAt' (pra.mI.1/1/3) ityarthaprakAzakajJAnamAtre svaprakAzakatvasya niyamataH sadbhAve satyapyapramANajJAne'pi tasya sadbhAvAdupekSitaM tad / idaJcAtra sUkSmamIkSaNIyaM- svaprakAzanAMzastvazeSajJAnasya pramAtmaka eva, arthaprakAzanAMza eva hi bhramAdisambhavAdato yathArthajJAna eva prAmANyamicchatA'rthanirNaya eva prAmANyAprAmANyavikalpasambhavAttatraiva phalatvamapyeSTavyam / itthameva 'samyagarthanirNayaH pramANam' (pra.mI. - 1/1/2) ityatra samyakpadasArthakyasambhavAt / itthaJcAtrApi pramANaphalAbhedasiddherakSatatayA kevalaM zabdabheda evAyAtaH sa cAkiJcitkara ityuktaM prAgiti na pUrvAcAryAMyagranthavirodhaH / vizeSaNonI sArthakatA zuM ? uttara : yadyapi svarUpadarzaka vizeSaNo koI ativyAkhyAdi doSone dUra karavA samartha nathI chatAM paNa anya rIte A vizeSaNonI sArthakatA siddha karI zakAya che. keTalAka loko koI vivakSita vastunA mithyA ayathArtha svarUpane mAnI beThA hoya athavA vastunA yathArtha svarUpa aMge nirNayavALA na hoya to A svarUpadarzaka vizeSaNo te vastunA yathArtha svarUpane jaNAvavA dvArA keTalAkanA saMzaya, viparyayAdine dUra karI zake che. (A apekSAe ema kahI zakAya ke svarUpadarzaka vizeSaNo paNa mithyAsvarUpanuM vyAvartana karatA hovAthI kaMIka aMze vyAvartaka paNa bane che. mATe AvA svarUpadarzaka vizeSaNo paNa sArthaka che. pramANanA sAmAnya lakSaNanuM padakRtya ahIM pUrNa thayuM.

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pramANapariccheda 15 sAyitvaM na syAt, pramANasya paravyavasAyitvAt phalasya ca svavyavasAyitvAditi cet, na, pramANaphalayorabhedamupapAdayannAha - 'pramANAtkathaMcidabhedena tadupapatte'riti - pramANaphalayoH uktadizA bhede'pi jJAnarUpatayA'bhedasyApi sadbhAvena phalasya svavyavasAyitve, tadabhinnatvAt pramANasyApi svavyavasAyitvam, evaM pramANasya paravyavasAyitve phalasyApi pavyavasAyitvamityevaM tayordvayorapi svprvyvsaayitvoppttiH| pramANaphalAbhedopadarzanArthameva pramANamImAMsAyAM samyagarthanirNayaM pramANaM bruvatA granthakAreNa tadeva (arthaprakAzanameva) hi phalatayApyupanyastam / nanu pramANaphalAbhede sati sadasatpakSabhAvidoSAH syuryato'bhede hyekameva syAd, dvayoH sattve'bhedavyAghAtAt / tathA ca bhavanmate yadi phalAt pramANasya bhedaH syAt tadA phalasya sAdhyatvenAsattvAt pramANasyApyasattvaprasaGgaH, asacca na karaNaM bhavati, siddhasyaivAGgIkArAt / tathA, pramANAtphalasyAbheda iti yadi kathyate tarhi pramANasya sattvAt phalamapi sadeva syAd, vidyamAnasya ca na phalatvaM, sAdhyasyaiva phalatvAbhyupagamAditi pramANaphalAbhedapakSastu na yuktiyukta iti cet? tantra, yataH pramANamImAMsAkRnmatamitthaM vartate - ekaiva hi jJAnakriyA svAzrayabhedamAzritya kvacit pramANasaJjJAM kvacicca phalasaMjJAmaznute / kartRsthA jJAnakriyA pramANamabhidhIyate karmasthA khalu sA phalaM bhnnyte| idamatra tAtparyam - pramAtRgatamapi jJAnaM viSayatvasambandhena prameyaniSThaM, jJAnasya prameyaniSThatvavivakSAyAM hi tatphalamucyate, pramAtRniSThatvavivakSAyAM khalu tadeva pramANamabhidhIyate yaduktaM pramANamImAMsAyAm - 'karmasthA kriyA phalaM, kartRsthA pramANam' (pra.mI.sUtra 1/1/35,36) tathA ca tadvRttiH 'karmonmukho jJAnavyApAraH phalam, kartRvyApAramullikhan bodhaH prmaannmiti'| kiJca, na * prabhAra- vayye 'thayida mama cha * pUrvapakSa: tame sva-paranA yathArtha nizcayAtmaka jJAnane ja pramANa kaho cho teno artha e thayo ke tame samyajJAnane ja (satyabodhane ja) pramANa mAno cho. AvuM yathArtha jJAna e to amArUpa che. tene ja jo tame pramANa kahezo to pachI pramANathI bhinna evuM tenuM phaLa zuM mAnazo ? pramAnA karaNane pramANa kahevAya che ane te pramANanA phaLane pramAM kahevAya che. Ama karaNa ane phaLa vacce bheda spaSTa che jema ke kuhADIrUpa karaNa ane chedanakriyArUpa phaLa vacce bheda che. nyAyAdi mate to ghaTAdinA pratyakSajJAnanI utpattimAM cakSu Adi indriyo karaNa che (arthAtu, te indriyone pratyakSapramANa kahevAya che) ane ghaTAhaviSayazAna tenuM 35 (pramA) che. ndriya bhane zAna vazye me to spaSTa 4 che. tame (no) jayAre jJAnane ja pramANa mAno cho tyAre tenuM koI phaLa paNa hovuM ja joIe. te phaLa zuM che ? - uttarapakSa : tamArI vAta sAcI che. pramANa ane phaLa vacce kaMIka bheda hovo joIe ane ahIM te che paNa kharo. ghaMTAdiviSayakajJAna e pramANa che ane ghaTajJAnathI potAnuM (jJAnanuM) svarUpa je jaNAya te phaLajJAna che. pUrvapakSa : jo AvuM mAnazo to pachI pramANamAM svaparavyavasAyitva nahIM rahe kAraNa ke pramANa e paravyavasAyi banaze ane phaLa e svavyavasAyi banaze.

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16 jaina tarkabhASA kathaJcidabhedena tadupapatteH / itthaM cAtmavyApArarUpamupayogendriyameva pramANamiti sthitam, na baikAntikAbhedaH pramANaphalayorjenamate kintu bhedAnuviddha ev| tathAhi - karmasthakartRsthakriyayoH pramANaphalAtmakayorekajJAnagatatvenAbhedaH, pramANaphalabhAvAttu bheda iti bhedAbhedarUpaH pramANaphalabhAvaH syAdvAdamabAdhitamanupatati iti pramANamImAMsAvRttyanusAriNI dik / kiJca, pramANajJAnaM phalajJAnaM caitadubhayamapi pramAtrabhinnameva jainamata iti ekapramAtrabhinnatayA'pi pramANaphalayoH kathaJcidabheda upapadyate / na ca tathA sati kartR-karaNabhAvavirodhastasya bhedaniyatatvAt vardhaki-vAsIniSTha kartRkaraNabhAvavaditi vAcyam, dRSTAntasya vaiSamyAt, vAsI hi bAhyaM karaNaM, jJAnaM cAntaraM tatkathamanayoH sAdharmyam, na ca kuta AyAtametad dvaividhyaM karaNasyeti zaGkanIyaM, yadAhuH lAkSaNikA: 'karaNaM hi dvividhaM jJeyaM bAhyamAbhyantaraM budhaiH, yathA lunAti dAtreNa meruM gacchati cetasA' iti| tadA hi syAd dRSTAntasAdharmyaM yadi hi kiJcitkaraNamAntaramekAntena karturbhinnamupadarzAte, na ca tathAvidhamastIti yatkiJcidetat / kiJca, bAhyakaraNagato dharmaH sarvo'pyAntare naiva yojayituM zakyo'nyathA dIpena cakSuSA devadattaH pazyati ityatrApi dIpAdivat cakSuSo'pyekAntena devadattasya bhedaH syAt / astviti cet, lokapratItivirodhavyAdhigrasto bhaviSyati bhavAniti maunameva sthAtavyam / api ca, sAdhyavikalo'pi vAsIvardhakidRSTAntaH / 'kASTamidamanayA vAsyA ghaTayiSya' ityevaMvidhapariNAmapariNata eva tAM gRhItvA taM ghaTayati / tathA pariNAme ca vAsyapi kASThaghaTane vyApriyate puruSo'pi ityevaMvidhaikakAryasAdhakatvamAzrityA'-bhedopyupapadyata eva vAsIvardhakyorityastAcalaM gato bhavataH kartRkaraNakAntabhedabhAnuH / evamAtmA'pi 'vivakSitamarthamanena jJAnena jJAsyAmI'ti jJAnagrahaNapariNAmavAn san jJAnAtmakavyApArAtmanA vyavasyati, tatazca jJAnAtmanorubhayorapi uttarapakSa: naiyAyikAdinI jema jaino vyavasAyAtmaka ane anuvyavasAyAtmaka evA be jJAnane jUdA mAnatA nathI paNa eka ja jJAna viSayane paNa jaNAve che ane svane paNa jaNAve che ema bhAne cha. 'ayaM ghaTaH' me zAnaNe. 'ghaTamahaM jAnAmi' mevA amauj zAna DotuM nathI bhane bho me hoya to me hue zAna maanv| 53. vastutaH, 'ayaM ghaTaH' me. 4 zAna, ghaTane 55 // 4 // che ane svane paNa jaNAve che. ghaTane jaNAve che e aMzamAM e pramANa che ane svane jaNAve che se maMzama se prabhA (35) che. pUrvapakSa : jo tame AvuM mAnazo to pachI "pramANa e sva-para ubhayanuM vyavasAyi hoya che? evuM tamAruM kathana UDI jaze kAraNa ke A rIte to pramANa e mAtra paraprakAzaka ja bane che ane phaLa e mAtra svaprakAzaka bane che. tethI tame kareluM pramANalakSaNa ja UDI jaze. uttarapakSa : tamArI zaMkA barAbara nathI. nyAyAdi matanI jema ame jaino pramANa ane phaLa vacce atyaMta bheda mAnatA nathI. kintu, bhedabheda mAnIye chIe. pramANa ane phaLajJAna banne eka ja AtmA sAthe tAdAbhya dharAve che. tethI pramANa ane phaLajJAna vacce abheda jaNAya che. tethI svaprakAzaka phaLathI kathaMcit abhinna hovAnA kAraNe paraprakAzaka evuM pramANajJAna paNa svaprakAzaka che ja ane, paraprakAzaka evA pramANajJAnathI kathaMcit abhinna hovAthI svaprakAzaka evuM phaLajJAna paNa paraprakAzaka che ja. jJAna

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pramANapariccheda 17 saMvittilakSaNaikakAryasAdhakatvamAzrityA bhedo'pyupapadyata eveti / kiJca, yathA sarpa AtmAnamAtmanA veSTayatItyatrAbhede kartRkaraNabhAvastadvadatrApIti dIpraM prakAzate bhedaabhedvaadbhaasvaan| itthaJca siddhe pramANaphalayorbhedAnuviddhAbhede saugatapakSo'pyekAntena pramANAdabhinnaM phalaM pratipAdayan pratyAkhyAto bhavati / tathA ca tatsiddhAntaH- 'ubhayatra tadeva jJAnaM pramANaphalamadhigamarUpatvAt', "ubhayatreti = pratyakSe'numAne ca tadeva jJAnaM pratyakSamanumAnalakSaNaM phalaM kAryam, kutaH? adhigamarUpatvAditi paricchedarUpatvAt, tathAhi- paricchedarUpameva jnyaanmutpdyte| na ca paricchedAdRte'nyad jJAnaphalaM, bhinnAdhikaraNatvAditi sarvathA na pratyakSAnumAnAbhyAM bhinnaM phalamasti' (diGnAgaviracitanyAyapraveze pR.7, haribhadrasUrikRtAnyAyapravezavRttI-pR.36) etacca na samIcInaM, ekAntAbhinnayoH sahotpattikatvaniyamAt, sahotpattikayozca savyetaragoviSANavat hetuphalabhAvavirahAt / kiJca, hetuphalabhAvasya samvandharUpatayA dviSThatvaniyamaH, sa ca kSaNakSayaikadIkSitena saugatena sAdhayitumazakyastatazca kathaM 'ayaM heturidaM phalami'ti pratiniyatA pratItiH? ekasya grahaNe'pyanyasyAgrahaNe tadasambhavAt / 'dviSThasambandhasaMvitti:karUpapravedanAt, dvayoH svarUpagrahaNe sati sambandhavedanaM' iti vacanAt / yadapi dharmottareNa to eka ja che paNa tenA be kAryo judA judA che ane kAryabhedanA kAraNe enuM e ja jJAna pramANa paNa kahevAya che ane phalarUpa paNa kahevAya che. dIpakanA daSTAntathI A vAta vadhu spaSTa thAya che. potAnA prakAza dvArA dIpaka jema paraprakAzaka bane che tema svayaM prakAzya paNa bane ja che. ane tema chatAM dIpaka eka ja che evuM jaNAya paNa che. A ja rIte prastutamAM paNa pramANa ane phaLa vacce paNa bhedAbheda jANavo. (vizeSa : ahIM granthakAre svavyavasAyane phaLa kahyuM eTale ja pramANanuM sva-paravyavasAyitva lakSaNa UDI javAnI zaMkA thaI. taduparAMta, zrIvAdidevasUri mahArAjanA mantavya sAthe virodha AvavAnI zaMkA thaI zake che kAraNa ke pramANanayatattAlokAlaMkAramAM teozrIe phaLanuM pratipAdana A rIte karyuM che. ) vaparavyavasatikriyArUpa jJAnanivRjyAraDyuM hatuM tu sAdhyam, pramAnidhdhAdyatvat (sUtra 6/6) sva-paranA vyavasAyanI kriyArUpa je ajJAnanivRtti e ja ahIM phaLa che ke je pramANathI niSpAdya che. have ahIM to sva-paravyavasAyane ja phaLa kahevAyuM che. jayAre prastuta granthakAre mAtra svavyavasAyane phaLa kahyuM che. paraMtu tema chatAM, ahIM koI visaMvAda nathI. te A rIte - zrIvAdidevasUri ma. e abhedanayane prAdhAnya ApIne uparokta vivakSA karI che jyAre prastuta granthakAranI vivakSAmAM bhedanayanI pradhAnatA che. prastuta granthakArano ahIM evo abhiprAya jaNAya che ke - paraprakAzakatva vinA svaprakAzakatva anupapanna hovAthI phaLajJAnamAM svaprakAzakatva kahevA mAtrathI paraprakAzakatva to arthopattithI ja jaNAI jAya che. pachI sva-para ubhayavyavasAyane sAkSAt phaLa tarIke kahevAnuM gaurava zA mATe karavuM ? mATe temaNe mAtra svavyavasAyane ja phaLarUpe jaNAvyuM che. bAkI kathaMcit abheda hovAthI phaLajJAnamAM paNa sva-para ubhayavyavasAyitva prastuta granthakArane paNa saMmata ja che. granthakArano Avo abhiprAya, AgaLanI jJAnAmanivRttittvarthajJAtitAvyavahAranavazvanavyavasatiparyavasiva sAmAnyata: hamiti draSTavya' A paMktithI paNa spaSTa thAya che. A rIte banne granthakAro pramANa phaLa vacce bhedAbheda mAne ja che. jaina mate jJAna to AtmAno svabhAva manAya che tethI AtmAthI te kathaMcit abhinna che. vaLI,

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18 jaina tarkabhASA hyavyApRta AtmA sparzAdiprakAzako bhavati, nirvyApAreNa kArakeNa kriyAjananAyogAt, masRNatUlikAdisannikarSeNa suSuptasyApi tatprasaGgAcca / 'arthasArUpyamasya pramANam, tadazAdarthapratItisiddhaH' iti nyAyabindusUtraM vivRNvatA bhaNitam - "nIlanirbhAsaM hi vijJAnaM yatastasmAd nIlasya pratItivarasIyate, yebhyo hi cakSurAdibhyo jJAnamutpadyate, na tadvazAt tajjJAnaM = nIlasya saMvedanaM zakyate'vasthApayituM nIlasadRzaM tvanubhUyamAnaM nIlasya saMvedanamavasthApyate / na cAtra janyajanakabhAvanibandhanaH sAdhyasAdhanabhAvo yenaikasmin vastuni virodhaH syAdapi tu vyavasthApyavyavasthApakabhAvena / tata ekasyaiva vastunaH kiJcidrUpaM pramANaM kiJcidrUpaM ca pramANaphalaM na virUddhayate / vyavasthApanaheturhi sArUpyaM tasya jJAnasya, * vyavasthApyaM ca nIlasaMvedanarUpama" ityAdi / tadapyasAram, ekasya niraMzajJAnakSaNasya vyavasthApyavyavasthApakatvalakSaNasvabhAvadvayAyogAt, vyavasthApyavyavasthApakabhAvasyApi sambandharUpatvena dviSThatvAdekasminnasambhavAcca / na ca sArUpyamasya pramANamadhigatiH phalamiti sarvathA tAdAtmye siddhyati, atiprasaGgAt, svabhAvabhedAbhyupagame hi sarvathA tAdAtmyavyAghAtAditi yatkiJcidetat / tathA coktam - "na tulyakAlaH phalahetubhAvaH hetau vilIne na phalasya bhAvaH" iti (anyayogavyavaccheda dvAtriMzikAyAM zlo.16) evaM ca samUlamunmUlite pramANaphalayorekAntAbhedapakSe yaugAbhipre : ekAntatabhedapakSo'pi nirAkartavyastayorekapramAtRtAdAtmyena tadabhinnAbhinnasya tadabhinnatvaniyamataH kathaJcidabhedavyavasthiteH / pramANatayA pariNatasyaivAtmano phalatayA pariNatipratIteH, ya eva pramimIte sa evopAdatte, parityajati, upekSate ceti sakalavyavahAribhiraskhalitaM pratyabhijJAnAt, itarathA svaparayoH pramANaphalavyavasthAviplavaH prasajyeta ityalam / __vidyAnandIyamataM dUpayitumupanyasyati 'kecittu' iti - 'indriyamindraliGgamindradRSTamindrasRSTamindrajuSTamindradattamiti vA (5-2-96) pANinIsUtreNa indreNa = karmaNA sRSTAni = indriyANi nAmakarmodayanimittatvAdindriyANAm / indrasya = Atmano liGgAni vendriyANi, tAni ca dvividhAni dravyabhAvabhedAt, pramANajJAna rUpe pariNata thayela AtmA ja phaLajJAnarUpe pariNata thAya che. tethI ekapramAtRtAdAspena pramANa ane phaLajJAna vacce abheda jaNAya che. hA, A abheda bauddho mAne che tevo aikAntika nathI paNa kathaMcit bhedathI anuviddha abheda che. pramANa ane phaLanI pratIti sAdhya-sAdhanabhAve thAya che ane sAdhya-sAdhanabhAva sarvathA abhinna vastuo vacce hoya nahIM tethI pramANa ane phaLa vacce kathaMcid bheda paNa mAnya ja che. A rIte pramANa ane phaLajJAna vacce bhedAnuviddha abheda siddha thAya che.) * 6payogandriya me 1 prbhaae| che * A rIte, 'pramANa-phala ubhayAtmaka evuM eka ja sva-paravyavasAyI jJAna pramANa che' eTaluM siddha thaye chate AtmAnA vyApArarUpa upayogendriya e ja pramANarUpe siddha thAya che ema mAnavuM paDaze. naiyAyika-vaizeSikAdi cakSu Adi indriyone pramANa kahe che paNa te indriyo to jaDa (ajJAnAtmaka) che. jyAre jainamate jJAna e ja pramANa bane che mATe jaino cakSu Adi Indriyone pramANa mAnatA nathI. vaLI, Indriyone pramANa na mAnavA pAchaLa bIjuM e paNa kAraNa che ke cakSu Adi e jJAna

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pramANapariccheda 19 kecittu - "tato'rthagrahaNAkArA zaktirjJAnamihAtmanaH / karaNatvena nirdiSTA na viruddhA kathaJcana / / 1 / / " (tattvArthazlokavA0 1.1.22) tatra dravyendriyaM nirvRttIndriyopakaraNendriyabhedAd dvidhA, yahAda vAcakavaryaH 'nirvRttyupakaraNe dravyendriyam' (tattvArtha. 1-17) tatra nirvRttiH saMsthAnarUpA bAhyAbhyantarabhedena dvidhaa| tatra vAhyA nirvRttirmanuSyazazADakAdernAnArUpA, antarnivRttistUtsedhAGgulAsaGkhyeyabhAgapramitazuddhAtmapradezAvacchinnakadamvapuSpAdyAkAramAMsagolakarUpA, upakaraNendriyaM tadgatazaktivizeSaH / dravyatvavyapadezo'trA'prAdhAnyArthako jJeyo, yathA 'aGgAramardako dravyAcArya' iti, tadvadapradhAnamindriyaM dravyendriyaM / vyApAravatyapi tasmin sannihite'pi cA''lokaprabhRtini sahakAripaTale bhAvendriyaM vinA rUpAdhupalabdhyasiddheH / bhAvendriyamapi dvedhA labdhIndriyopayogendriyabhedAd yadAha 'labdhyupayogau bhAvendriyam, (tattvArtha 1-18) iti labdhIndriyaJcA''vArakakarmakSayopazamarUpa eva, yaduktaM prakRtagranthakRtA - "lambhanaM labdhiH / kA punarasau? jJAnAvaraNakSayopazamavizeSaH / arthagrahaNazaktirlabdhiH" (laghI.svavi. 1-5) upayogendriyaM svaparavyavasAyijJAnAtmakamAtmano'rthopalabdhikriyAjanane vyApArarUpam / yaduktaM - 'upayogaH punararthagrahaNavyApAraH' (laghI. svavi. 1-5) iti / tattvArthazlokavArtikakRtastu arthagrahaNazaktisvarUpaM lavdhIndriyameva pramANatayA pratipannAH, tanmatamupadarya pratikSipati kecittvi' tyAdinA / zrImatA vidyAnandena svakIyasya zaktikaraNatvapakSasya tAtparya 'tato'rthagrahaNAkArA' ityAdipadyavyAkhyAyAmitthaM prakaTIkRtam - "nahi antaraGgabahiraGgArthagrahaNarUpAtmano jJAnazaktiH karaNatcena kathaJcinnirdizyamAnA virudhyate, sarvathA zaktitadvatA dasya pratihananAt / nanu ca jJAnazaktiryadi pratyakSA tadA sakalapadArthazakteH prtyksstvprsmATe avyavahita-pUrvavarti nathI, kintu vyavahitapUrvavati che eTale ke e vyavadhAnavALAM kAraNo che. cakSu AdithI jJAna thAya che ane e jJAna, arthanuM prakAzana kare che. 'huM jJAnathI vastune jANuM chuM', A vastunuM svarUpa me jJAnathI jANyuM... ItyAdi anubhavothI siddha thAya che ke ahIM AtmA e pramAtA che. vastu prameya che, jJAna e jANavAnuM sAdhana=karaNa=pramANa che ane tenAthI thato bodha e pramA=phala che. vastu jo jJAnathI jaNAtI hoya to jJAnane pramANa kahevuM e ja ucita che. netrAdine arthaprakAzana karavAmAM jJAnanI AvazyakatA che jayAre jJAnane, svayaM astitvamAM AvyA bAda arthaprakAzana mATe anya koInI apekSA nathI. tethI jJAna ja pramANa che. zaMkA : "jJAna ja pramANa che' evuM jo tame kahetA ho to pachI upayogendriyane zA mATe pramANa 38o cho ? samA. : indriyo be prakAranI che - dravyandriya, bhAvendriya. dravyendriyanA be bheda che - nivRti ndriya, 7542)ndriya. bhaavendriyn| 59 me me che. - sIndriya, upayogandriya. nivRti indriya eTale vizeSa prakAranA pagalomAMthI thayelI IndriyanI racanA. upakaraNendriya eTale nivRti indriyamAM rahela arthagrahaNa karavAnI zaktivizeSa. (aMdha vyaktinI upakaraNendriya naSTa

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O jaina tarkabhASA GgAdanumeyatvavirodhaH / yadi punarapratyakSA jJAnazaktistadA tasyAM karaNajJAnatve prAbhAkaramatasiddhiH, tatra karaNajJAnasya parokSatvavyavasthiteH phalajJAnasya pratyakSatvopagamAt / tataH pratyakSakaraNajJAnamicchatAM na tacchaktirUpameSitavyaM syAdvAdibhiriti cet, tadanupapannamaH ekAntato'smadAdipratyakSatvasya karaNajJAne'nyatra vA vastuni pratItiviruddhatvenA'nabhyupagamAt / dravyArthato hi jJAnamasmadAdeH pratyakSam, pratikSaNapariNAmazaktyAdiparyAyArthatastu na prtykssm| tatra svArthavyavasAyAtmakaM jJAnaM svasaMviditaM phalaM pramANAbhinnaM vadatAM karaNajJAnaM pramANaM kathamapratyakSaM nAma? | na ca yenaiva rUpeNa tatpramANaM tenaiva phalaM yena virodhH| kiM trhi?| sAdhakatamatvena pramANaM sAdhyatvena phalam / sAdhakatamatvaM paricchedanazaktiriti pratyakSaphalajJAnAtmakatvAta pratyakSaM zaktirUpeNa parokSam / tataH syAt pratyakSaM syAdapratyakSam ityanekAntasiddhiH / yadA tu pramANAdbhannaM thaI gaI hoya che. AMkhano bAhya AkAra to ApaNI jevo ja jaNAto hoya che. paraMtu upakaraNendriya, eTale ke arthagrahaNazakti haNAI gayelI hoya che tethI tene dekhAtuM nathI. A ja vAtane dRSTAntathI vicArIe talavArathI chedanakriyA thaI zake che. paraMtu (bAhya AkRtimAM koI paNa jAtano pheraphAra na hovA chatAMya) buThThI talavArathI chedanakriyA thaI zaktI nathI. kAraNa ke tenI chedana karavAnI zakti haNAI gaI hoya che. labdhIndriya eTale AtmAnI arthagrahaNa karavAnI zaktivizeSa. upayogendriya eTale labdhIndriyanI madadathI arthagrahaNa karavAmAM AtmAno vyApArarUpa pariNAma. AtmAno A vyApAra jJAnAtmaka ja hoya che. eTale upayogendriya jJAnAtmaka siddha thAya che. pachI tene pramANa kahevAmAM koI vAMdho raheto nathI. zaMkA : AtmAno Avo jJAnAtmaka vyApAra (upayogendriya) mAnavAmAM pramANa zuM che ? samA. : vyApAra vinAno AtmA sparzAdi viSayano prakAzaka banato nathI. kAraNa ke vyApAra vinAnA kAraka dvArA kriyA thaI zakatI nathI, eTale AtmAno upayoga jayAM bhaLato hoya te ja viSayano bodha thAya. A vAtane dRSTAnta dvArA vicArIe - dhAro ke koI mANasa gADImAM beTho che. gADInI bArInA kAca baMdha che. acAnaka bahAra rastA upara kaMIka dhamAla thavAthI pelA gADImAM beThelA mANasanuM dhyAna bahAra gayuM. kAca pAradarzaka hovAthI tene badhuM najare dekhAyuM. ghare jaIne teNe Akho prasaMga anya sabhyonI sAme varNavyo paNa kharo. have tyAre koIke pUchyuM ke "tame A badhuM gADImAMthI joyuM tyAre bArIno kAca upara caDAvelo hato ke nahIM? to zakya che ke e vAtano pelAne pAko nirNaya na paNa hoya. jo IndriyArthasaMnikarSa thavA mAtrathI ja (AtmAneA upayoga vinA ja) jJAna thatuM hoya to ahIM kAca sAthe to netrane saMnikarSa pahelA thayo che, bahAranA dRzya sAthe to pachI thayo che. tethI kAca vacce hato ke nahIM ? eno nirNaya tene hovo joIe ne ! paNa evuM dekhAtuM nathI. mATe jaNAya che ke AtmAnA upayoga rUpa vyApAra vinA viSayabodha thaI zakato nathI. pAlitANA jaIne dAdAnA jhapATAbaMdha darzana karIne AvelA keTalAka bhAvikone pUchIe ke "dAdAnA mastake mugaTa hato ke nahIM?" to javAba "pAko khyAla nathI evo paNa maLe che. A badhuM sUcave che ke avyAkRta eTale ke nirvyApAra evo AtmA viSayane jaNAvI zakato nathI. pachI bhalene IndriyArthasaMnikarSa te samaye vidyamAna hoya. jo AtmAno vyApAra mAnyA vinA ja (IndriyArthasaMnikarSa mAtra dvArA) arthabodha mAnavAmAM Ave to pachI mANasane bhara UMghamAM paNa komaLa takiyAno saMparka hovAthI tenA sparzAdinuM jJAna thaI javAnI

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pramANapariccheda itilabdhIndriyamevArthagrahaNazaktilakSaNaM pramANaM saGgirante; tadapezalam; upayogAtmanA phalaM hAnopAdAnopekSAjJAnalakSaNaM tadA svArthavyavasAyAtmakaM karaNasAdhanaM jJAnaM pratyakSaM siddhameveti na paramatapravezaH, tacchakterapi sUkSmAyA: parokSatvAt / tadetena sarvaM kAdikArakatvena pariNataM vastu kasyacit pratyakSaM parokSaM ca kadizaktirUpatayoktaM pratyeyam / tato jJAnazaktirapi ca karaNatvena nirdiSTA na svAgamena yuktyA ca viruddhA iti sUktam / " etanmataM pratikSipati 'tdpeshlmi'tyaadinaa| tathA ca upayogendriyameva pramANatvena vaktumucitamavyavahitatvAt / tathA ca labdhIndriyasya sannikarSAdivadupacArata eva prAmANyopapattiriti dhyeyam | atha labdhIndriyamevAvyavahitatvena pramANaM, upayogasya tu tadvyApArAtmakatayA vyavadhAyakatvAbhAvAta / yathA hi ghaTotpattau daNDavyApArAtmakatayA cakrabhramaNasya na vyavadhAyakatvaM tathaiva phalajJAnotpattI labdhIndriya-vyApArAtmakatayA upayogendriyasya na vyavadhAyakatvamiti cet, atra brUmaH - yathA hi daNDaH sAkSAccakrabhramaNe vyApriyate na tathA labdhIndriyaM sAkSAdupayogaM janayati, upayogasyopakaraNendriyaprabhavatvAt / yaduktaM tattvArthavRttau zrIharibhadrasUribhiH 'nirvRttyAzrayatvAdupakaraNasya, tatprabhavatvAt zrotrAdhupayogasya' iti| tathA - lambhanaM labdhiH = jJAnAvaraNakarmakSayopazamavizeSaH, yatsaMnidhAnAdAtmA dravyendriyanirvRti prati vyApriyate, tannirmita AtmanaH pariNAmavizeSa upayogaH' iti (pr.mii.vRttau)| itthaM ca sAkSAdupayogendriyAjanakatayA na labdhIndriyasya dvAratvaM vaktumucitaM / dvAralakSaNaM cedam - tajjanyatve sati tajjanyajanakatvaM dvAratvam' upayoge labdhIndriya-janyatvAbhAvena taddvAratvamapi na sambhavati / kiJca, daNDo hi cakre bhramaNaM janayati, labdhIndriyaM tvAtmani svArthasaMvittiyogyatAmevAdadhAti, na tUpayoga, yaduktaM 'tatra labdhisvabhAvaM tAvadindriyaM svArthasaMvittAvAtmano yogyatAmAdadhadbhAvendriyatAM pratidyate' iti (pr.mii.vRttau)| tathA cAyaM kramo'tra pratibhAti yaduta labdhIndriyaM hi nirvRttiM janayati, satyAM ca nirvRttau upakaraNopayogau bhavataH, nivRttyAzrayatvAdupakaraNasya, tatprabhavatvAccopayogasya, satyeva copayoge'rthavodhaH / yadvA, nizcayato hi upayogendriyameva pramANaM, vyavahArato labdhIndriyamapi syAt, etannaye upacArarasya saMmatatvAditi dik / na ca evaM satyAgame zrUyamANaM labdhIndriyanimittakatvaM upayogasya vyAhanyeta iti vAcyam, upayoge jananIye lavdhenimittatve manasa eva sAdhakatamatvapratipAdanAt / yaduktaM indriyavAde Apatti Avaze je anubhavabAdhita che. mATe mAnavuM ja paDe vyApAra vinAnA kArakathI kriyA thaI zake nahIM. jJatikriyA tyAre ja thaI zake jayAre AtmA vyApArayukta (upayogayukta) hoya. eTale upayogendriya e ja pramANa tarIke siddha thAya che. * labdhIndriya prAmANyavAdanuM nirasana eka pUrvapakSa : zlokavArtikamAM zrIvidyAnanda kahyuM che ke - AtmAnI arthagrahaNa karavAnI zakti (=labdhIndriyo e ja pramANa che. kAraNa tarIke teno (arthagrahaNa karavAnI zaktino) ullekha karavAmAM koI virodha nathI. tethI labdhIndriya ja pramANa che. uttarapakSa : tamArI vAta barAbara nathI. avyavahitaniyatapUrvavartine ja kAraNa manAya che. tame to labdhIndriyane pramANa kaho cho paNa e to vyavahita che. juo, labdhIndriyathI sIdho arthabodha thato

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jaina tarkabhASA karaNena labdheH phale vyavadhAnAt, zaktInAM parokSatvAbhyupagamena karaNaphalajJAnayoH parokSa-pratyakSatvAbhyupagame prAbhAkaramatapravezAcca / atha jJAnazaktirapyAtmani svAzraye paricchinne dravyAprakRtagranthakRbhireva - 'upayogazca labdhinimitto manaHsAcivyAdarthagrahaNaM prati vyApAraH' iti na labdheH pramANatvakalpanA upayogasya ca taddvAratvakalpanA nyAyyeti vicArayantvatra vickssnnaaH| kiJca, cakrabhramaNavadupayogasya dvAratvakalpanayaiva labdhIndriyaprAmANye samarthite yogAnAmiva pratyabhijJAnotpattAvapIndriyANAmeva karaNatvaM svIkriyatAm, anubhavasmaraNayorvyApAratvamahimnaiva vyavadhAyakatvAbhAvopapattisambhavAt / tathA cAgretanapratyabhijJAprAmANyapratipAdanaparagranthAsaGgatiH, pratyabhijJAnasya pratyakSe'ntarbhAvasambhavena nyAyamatAnupravezaH, pratyabhijJAnaprAmANyakathoparatizcA''padyeteti na kiJcidetat / itthaJca naiyAyikAdiparikalpitasannikarpAdiprAmANyavAdavadupacarita evAyaM labdhIndriyaprAmANyavAdaH / nathI. paNa be vacce upayogAtmaka AtmavyApAra che tethI vyavadhAna paDyuM. pUrvapakSa : labdhIndriyathI sIdho arthabodha mAnavAmAM zuM vAMdho ? pachI to te avyavahita kAraNa banI zake ne ? uttarapakSa : suSupti Adi avasthAmAM paNa AtmAmAM arthagrahaNanI zakti to che ja. paraMtu tyAre upayogarUpa AtmavyApAra na hovAthI ja arthabodha thato nathI e vAta ame pUrve jaNAvelI ja che. jo labdhIndriyathI sIdho arthabodha thaI zakto hota to suSupti Adi kALe arthabodha thavAmAM koNa bAdhaka che ? mATe vacce AtmavyApAra to mAnavo ja paDe. tAtparya e che ke, sva-paravyavasAyijJAna e upayogendriyarUpa che. AtmAmAM arthagrahaNa karavAnI zakti to arthajJAna thavAnI ghaNI kSaNo pUrve paNa vidyamAna hatI ja ane tema chatAM ya arthabodha thayo nahoto ane upayoga pravartatA ja pramAtAne arthabodha thaI jAya che tethI arthabodhanI avyavahita pUrvekSaNamAM upayoga ja hAjara thayo kahevAya ane tethI tene ja karaNa kahevAya. sArAMza : ajJAnAtmaka hovAthI dravyendriya e pramANarUpa nathI. avyavahita kAraNa rUpa na hovAthI labdhIndriya paNa pramANarUpa nathI. sva-paravyavasAyijJAnAtmaka ane avyavahitakAraNarUpa hovAthI upayogendriya ja pramANarUpa che. pUrvapakSa : labdhIndriyane ja pramANa mAnI laIe ane upayogendriyane dvAra (vyApAra) mAnI laIe to pachI koI vAMdho nahIM Ave. dhAra e vyavadhAnarUpa gaNAtuM nathI. jema cakrabhramaNarUpa vyApAra daMDa ane ghaTotpatti vacce hovA chatAM paNa tene vyavadhAna pADanAra gaNAtuM nathI tema prastutamAM paNa labdhIndriya ane arthabodhanI vacce hovA chatAM paNa upayogendriyane vyavadhAnarUpa nahIM gaNI zakAya. uttarapakSa : tamArI A dalIla paNa pokaLa che kAraNa ke ahIM evuM lAge che ke dvAra te banI zake ke je potAnAthI bhinna evA karaNa-phalane utpanna kare. cakrabhramaNa e dvAra che kAraNa ke te potAnAthI bhinna evA ane daMDanA phalarUpa evA ghaTane utpanna kare che. e ja rIte puNya e dvAra che ke kAraNa ke te potAnAthI bhiza ane dAnakriyAnA phaLasvarUpa evA svargane meLavI Ape che. prastutamAM, upayoga jo phalajJAnathI=kAryathI bhinna hoya to ja te labdhIndriyanuM dvAra banI zake, paraMtu evuM nathI. kAraNa ke upayoga ane phalajJAnano kathaMcit abheda mAnelo che. (A vAtanI siddhi thaI gaI che.) tethI labdhIndriyane pramANa mAnavAmAM vyavahitakAraNatA mAnavAno doSa akSata Ubho ja rahe che. taduparAMta, labdhIndriya sAkSAt upayogane utpanna karatI nathI. paNa, mAtra AtmAmAM arthabodhanI yogyatA UbhI karI Ape

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pramANapariccheda rthataH pratyakSeti na doSa iti cet: na; dravyadvArA pratyakSatvena sukhAdivat svasaMviditatvAvyavasthite:, 'jJAnena ghaTaM jAnAmi iti karaNollekhAnupapattezca; na hi kalazasamAkavalanavelAyAM jJAnazakteH pratyakSatvApratyakSatvavikalpAbhyAM dUSayati 'prAbhAkaramatapravezAcce' pramANatayA'GgIkriyamANA jJAnazaktiH pratyakSA, tarhi vahnyAdigatadAhAdyanukUlazaktirapi pratyakSA syAt, zaktitvAvizeSAt, omiti cet ? tasyA anumeyatvavirodha Apadyeta / yadi cA'pratyakSA sA iSyate tarhi tasyA karaNajJAnatve prAbhAkaramatapravezApattizca durvArA prasajyeta / tanmate karaNajJAnasya parokSatvavyavasthiteH phalajJAnasya ca pratyakSatvopagamAt / na ca svaparavyavasitilakSaNaphalajJAnAtkathaJcidabhinnasyA''tmanaH pratyakSatvena tadabhinnAyA arthagrahaNazakterapi tadAtmanA pratyakSatvaM sUpapAdamiti vAcyam, evaM che. jyAre daMDa to cakramAM mAtra bhramaNanI yogyatA UbhI nathI karato, bhramaNane ja utpanna kare che tethI upayogane labdhinuM dvAra mAnavuM ucita jaNAtuM nathI. A aMge cokkasa nirNaya karavA bahuzrutone vinaMtI. * zaktipramANavAdIne prAbhAmatapravezApatti taduparAMta, prAbhAkaramatapraveza rUpa bIjI Apatti paNa Avaze. te A rIte - zakti eka parokSapadArtha che. agnimAM rahela dAhAnukUla zakti, agninI javALAnI jema pratyakSa joI zakAtI nathI. paNa, koI hAtha nAMkhe to tene dAha thato joIne kAryaliMgaka anumAna karIne agnimAM dAhAnukUlazakti hovAno nirNaya karAya che. dAhazaktinI jema anya badhI zaktio paNa parokSa (= pota-potAnA kAryathI anumeya) che. AtmAmAM arthagrahaNa karavAnI je zakti che te paNa parokSa che. arthAt arthabodha thayo che mATe tadanukUlazakti AtmAmAM hovI joIe e rIte tenI anumiti karAya che. tenAthI je arthabodha thAya che te to pratyakSa ja che. have zaktipramaNavAdI evA tamArA mate karaNIbhUta zakti parokSa che ane tenuM phaLa arthabodha pratyakSa che. AvuM mAnavAthI to tame prabhAkara (mImAMsaka) nA matamAM pravezI jazo kAraNa ke tenA mata pramANe karaNa parokSa che ane phaLajJAna pratyakSa che. 23 pUrvapakSa : tame prabhAkaramatapravezanI Apatti je Apo cho tenuM vAraNa zakya che. juo jainadarzananA rahasyane jarA samajo. jainamatamAM koI paNa vastu ekAMte pratyakSa ke parokSa nathI, paraMtu apekSAe ja pratyakSa ke parokSa hoya che. AtmAmAM rahelI arthagrahaNazakti paNa paryAyarUpe parokSa hovA chatAM ya dravyarUpe to pratyakSa che ja. tenuM kAraNa e che ke Atmagata A arthagrahaNazakti AtmAthI kathaMcit abhinna che. (kAraNa ke jainamate guNa-guNIno kathaMcid abheda mAnya che.) AtmAnuM mAnasapratyakSa thAya che te anubhavasiddha che ane manathI pratyakSa evA AtmAthI kathaMcid abhinna hovAthI A zakti paNa dravyArthataH (= AtmadravyarUpa hovAthI tenI apekSAe) pratyakSa siddha thAya che. prAbhAkaramate to karaNajJAna (= nirvikalpaka-jJAna) sarvathA parokSa che jayAre prastutamAM to evuM nathI tethI amane prAbhAkaramatapravezanI Apatti AvatI ja nathI. uttarapakSa : A to traNa sAMdhatA tera tUTe evuM thaze. AtmAthI kathaMcid abhinna evA zakti padArthane tame dravyArthataH (= svAzrayadravyanI apekSAe) pratyakSa mAnyo - tethI Apatti Avaze. zaktine svasaMvidita mAnI ja nahIM zakAya. jema ke 'ahaM sunA' ityAdi mAnasajJAnathI sukhanuM grahaNa thAya che tethI sukha pratyakSa che kharuM, paraMtu svasaMvidita kahevAtuM nathI. kAraNa ke te jJAnopayogathI grAhya che. te rIte AtmadravyanA pratyakSathI grAhya hovAthI zakti paNa parataH saMvidita ja kahevAze. tethI -

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24 jaina tarkabhASA dravyArthataH pratyakSANAmapi kuzUlakapAlAdInAmullekho'stIti / tad dvibhedaM pratyakSaM, parokSaM ca / akSamindriyaM pratigatam kAryatvenAzritaM pratyakSam, satyAtmavartInAmatItAnAgatavartamAnaparyAyANAmazeSANAmapi dravyArthataH pratyakSatvena jJAnavatte'pi svasaMviditAH syuH| tasmAd yadiha svayamAtmAnaM vetti tadeva svasaMviditamucyate / upayoga eva hi tAdRzo, na zaktiH sukhAdayazca, yato dravyAdhigamadvAragrahaNAH sukhAdayaH punaH upayogAkhyaparyAyAntarasamadhigamyAH / pratipAditaM pramANasAmAnyasvarUpamatha tadvizeSapratipipAdayiSayA tatsaGkhyAmevAdau pratijAnIte 'tavibheda'mityAdinA dvau bhedau = vizeSau yasya tad dvibhedam, svasAkSAdvyApyasAmAnyadvayapramANatvavaditi yAvat, tena cAkSuSAdibhedena pratyakSasya, smaraNa-pratyabhijJAna-tarkAnumAnAgamabhedena parokSasya vahutvasaGkhyAyogitve'pi zaktimAM svasaMviditatva ghaTaze nahIM mATe karaNane (zaktine) parokSa mAnavuM paDavAthI pUrvokta prAbhAkaramatapravezapatti UbhI ja rahevAnI. (ahIM zakti asvasaMvidita thaI javAnI je Apatti ApI che tenI jema bIjI paNa evI Apatti ApI zakAya ke AtmAthI kathaMcidra abhinna zaktine jo dravyArthataH pratyakSa hovAthI pratyakSa" kahezo to pachI AtmAnA tamAma paryAyo paNa AtmAthI kathaMcit abhinna hovAthI dravyArthataH pratyakSa hovArUpe pratyakSa kahevAze. dravyArthataH pratyakSa padArthamAM pratyakSa tarIkeno vyavahAra thato nathI. paNa je svayaM sAkSAt pratyakSa hoya tevA padArtho vize ja pratyakSarUpe vyavahAra thAya che. tethI zakti dravyArthata: pratyakSa hoya to paNa vAstavamAM te parokSa ja che tethI prAbhAkaramata pravezanI Apatti Avaze ja.) zaktine pramANa mAnavAmAM bIjI e Apatti paNa Ave che ke "AnathI ghaDAne jANyo ItyAdi sthaLe jJAnano karaNarUpe je ullekha thAya che te paNa saMgata nahIM thAya. je svarUpathI (paryAyArthatA) pratyakSa na hoya teno karaNarUpe (karaNaparyAyarUpe) ullekha pratyakSapratItimAM thaI na zake. mRttikAthI ghaTa abhinna che ane kuzUla-kapAlAdi paNa mRttikAthI abhinna che. mRttikA pratyakSasiddha che eTale tenAthI abhinna evA kuzUla-kapAlAdi paNa dravyArthataH pratyakSa che. chatAM paNa ghaTanuM pratyakSa karatI vakhate dravyArthataH pratyakSa evA paNa kuzUla-kapAlAdino pratyakSarUpe ullekha thato nathI. eTale ke "huM kuzUla-kapAlane jouM chuM' evo anubhava thato nathI. tethI jaNAya che ke je svarUpathI pratyakSa hoya teno ja pratyakSapratItimAM pratyakSarUpe ullekha thato jaNAya che. te ullekha ja siddha kare che ke jJAna svarUpathI ja pratyakSa che. jema karaNabhUta jJAna pratyakSa che tema phalarUpa jJAna paNa pratyakSa che tethI karaNa-phaLa banne jJAna pratyakSasiddha thAya che. AthI amAre prAbhAkaramatAnusaraNa paNa rahetuM nathI ane jJAnanA karaNarUpe thatA ullekhanI asaMgati paNa rahetI nathI. Ama, upayogendriyane ja pramANa (karaNa) mAnavuM ucita che. ja pramANanA be bheda 9 pramANanuM lakSaNa jaNAvyA bAda have pramANanA bheda jaNAve che. pramANanA mukhya be bheda che. pratyakSa ane parokSa. akSa eTale cakSu Adi indriyo. tenA para je kAryarUpe Azrita hoya (arthAt, tene vize je utpanna thAya) tene pratyakSa' kahevAya. A vyutpatti pramANe IndriyothI je jJAna utpanna

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pramANapariccheda 25 na kSatiH nyUnAdhikasaGkhyAvyavacchedaphalakaM hi vibhAgavAkyaM, ato dve eva pramANe, na nyUnAdhike / etena pratyakSamevekaM pramANamiti cArvAkaH, pratyakSAnumAnAgamAH pramANamiti vaizeSikAH, tAnyeveti sAGkhyAH , sahopamAnena catvArIti naiyAyikAH, arthApattyA sahitaM pramANapaJcakamiti prAbhAkarAH, abhAvasahabhAvena paDiti bhATTA: vedAntinazca, sambhavaitihyAbhyAmaSTau pramANAni iti paurANikA iti nyUnAdhikapramANasaGkhyAvAdinaH pratikSiptA jJAtavyAH, yadeteSAM sarveSAM yathAyathaM vakSyamANabhedayorevAntarbhAvasambhavAditi darzitaM AkArAdigranthAntare vyAsataH samAsatazcAtrApi vakSyate / - tadvibhedaM pratyakSAnumAnaprakAreNApi saugatasammatena mA vodhIti svAbhimatasamagrapramANabhedaprabhedasaGgrahaparaM saGkhyAprakAraM nAmagrahaNenaiva spaSTannAha - 'pratyakSami'tyAdinA / 'akSaM akSaM prati vartata iti pratyakSamiti avyayIbhAve tu 'dvandvaikatvAvyavayIbhAvau' (liGagAnuzAsana59) ityanena sadA napuMsakatvaM syAt / ataH pratyakSapadamanyathA vyutpAdayati 'akSa'mityAdinA 'akSaM thAya tene pratyakSa kahevAya che. zaMkA : pratyakSa zabdanI AvI vyutpatti avadhijJAna, mana:paryavajJAna ane kevaLajJAnamAM nahIM ghaTe kAraNa ke A jJAno Indriyajanya nathI. samA. pratyakSa zabdanI bIjI rIte vyatpatti karavAthI A Apatti TaLI jaze. uNAdi gaNano pratyaya lagADavAthI dhAtu parathI akSa zabda siddha thAya che. dhAtuno artha "vyApavuM' evo thAya che. tethI 'jJAna dvArA je sarva vastuone vyApe che te aMkSa. akSa = AtmA. te jIva dvArA (IndriyAdi nirapekSapaNe) utpanna thatuM jJAna pratyakSa kahevAya. A vyutpatti avadhi Adi jJAnomAM ghaTe che. zaMkA : A rIte avadhi AdimAM vyutpattinI ghaTanA karavA gayA temAM mati-zrutajJAnamAM A vyutpatti nahIM ghaTe e to tame bhUlI gayA ! kAraNa ke mati-zruta jJAna Indriyajanya che, mAtra jIva (akSa) dvArA utpanna thaI zakatA nathI. tethI pratyakSa zabdanI tame kahelI banne vyutpattio avyApta che. pahelI vyutpatti avadhi Adi jJAnamAM ghaTatI nathI, ne bIjI vyutpatti mati-zruta jJAnamAM ghaTatI nathI. tethI pratyakSa zabdanI A be vyutpattio aMge tamArI sAme vyAdhra-taTI nyAya upasthita thayo che. A bemAMthI eka paNa vyutpatti evI nathI ke jenA AdhAre matyAdi pAMca jJAnomAM "pratyakSa zabdano vyapadeza thAya. samA. : koI vAgha ke taTIthI gabharAI javAnI jarA ya jarUra nathI. A to be rIte pratyakSa zabdanA vyutpattinimitta ja jaNAvyA che. 'pratyakSa' zabdano vyapadeza kaMI A vyutpattinimittanA AdhAre thato nathI, kintu pratyakSa' zabdanuM pravRttinimitta jyAM ghaTatuM hoya tyAM "pratyakSa' zabdano vyapadeza (prayogo thaI zake che. dA.ta. > zabdanI vyutpatti AvI che - "chatIti :" have A vyutpattinimitta pramANe to ghoDo jayAre cAlato hoya tyAre tene paNa "gau" kahevAnI Apatti (ativyApti) Avaze ane gAya jyAre beThI hoya tyAre tene jo' nahIM kahI zakavAnI Apatti (avyApti) Avaze. paNa AvI Apattio vyAjabI gaNAtI nathI. kAraNa ke te te zabdanA

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jaina tarkabhASA athavA'znute jJAnAtmanA sarvArthAn vyApnotItyauNAdikanipAtanAt akSo jIvaH taM pratigataM phaeNndriya'mitiA 26 pUrvoktA pratyakSazabdavyutpattirhi avadhyAdau pAramArthikapratyakSajJAne na ghaTate iti vyutpattyantaramAha ' athavA ' ityAdinA ' athavA aznute / azauTi vyAptI (dhAtupAThe -1314) iti vacanaprAmANyAd 'aza' iti dhAtoH vyApakatvArthakatAlAbhaH / idamatra tAtparyaM sarveSAmevAtmanAM jJAnaM yadyapi sakalArthavipayakameva tathApi svAvArakakarmapratibandhAt svavipayIbhUtamapyarthaM na prakAzayati / yadvipayAvacchedenAvaraNasya kSayopazamaH kSayo vA saJjAtastadvipayAvacchinnamevArthaprakAzanam, ata eva khalu pratiniyataviSayakatvavyapadezo'pi jJAne vastutaH sakalArthavipayake'pi jJAne pravartata iti viSayatAsambandhena jJAnasya vastutvavyApakatvAt, jJAnasya cAtmanaH kathaMJcidabhinnatvena jJAnAtmanA sarvArthavyApterghaTanAd AtmA = akSaH iti / pratyakSazavdasya uktavyutpattidvayasya yathAkramaM avadhyAdau pAramArthikapratyakSe, matyAdau caapaarmaarthikprtykssepravRttinimittane AzrayIne ja te te zabdathI vyapadeza thAya che. 'go' zabdanuM pravRttinimitta che gotva (jAti). have A gotva jAti ghoDAmAM nathI tethI gamanakriyAnvita ghoDAne vize 'go' zabdano prayoga thaI zakato nathI. ane beThelI-UbhelI gAyamAM gotva to che ja tethI tene vize 'go' zabdaprayoga thavAmAM koI bAdha nathI. A rIte ukta ApattionuM vAraNa thaI jAya che. AnA parathI nizcita thAya che ke te te zabdanA pravRttinimittane AzrayIne ja te te zabdanI pravRtti thAya che. 'pratyakSa' zabdanuM pravRttinimitta to che spaSTatAvattva. A spaSTatAvattva, akSAzritatvarUpa vyutpattinimittathI upalakSita thaIne te te jJAnarUpa eka adhikaraNamAM rahe che. mati-zrutamAM temaja avadhi AdimAM paNa spaSTatAvattva to che ja. hA, pachI e spaSTatA tIvra-maMdabhAve taratamatAvALI hoI zake che. eTale ke koI pratyakSa spaSTa hoya, to koI pratyakSa tenI apekSAe spaSTatara hoya, chatAM paNa spaSTatA to badhA ja pratyakSajJAnamAM rahelI che ja. tethI badhA ja pratyakSajJAnamAM spaSTatAvattva nAmano eka anugata dharma rahyo che ke je 'pratyakSa' zabdanuM pravRttinimitta che. * vizeSaNa ane upalakSaNa vacce taphAvata - ahIM akSAzritvane spaSTatAvattvanuM upalakSaNa kahyuM che, vizeSaNa nathI kahyuM. (arthAt, granthakAre '3pakSitaM' evo zabdaprayoga karyo che. 'vizeSitaM' evo zabdaprayoga karyo nathI.) enuM paNa prayojana che. vizeSaNa ane upalakSaNamAM phera che. vizeSaNa to hAjara hoya tyAre ja vyavahAra prayojaka bane che jyAre upalakSaNa to vidyamAna hoya ke na paNa hoya to paNa vyavahAraprayojaka bane. dA.ta. lAla ghaDAmAM raktavarNa e vizeSaNa che tethI ghaDAmAM lAla varNa hoya tyAre ja 'ro ghaTaH' evo vyavahAra thAya. e ja ghaDo pAka vagerenA kAraNe jo kALo banI jAya to pachI tene vize 'rAM ghaTaH' evo vyavahAra bAdhita thaI jAya che. kAraNa ke vizeSaNa (raktavarNa) gerahAjara che. upalakSaNamAM AvuM nathI. 'jo pelo kAgaDo beTho che e bArIvALuM gha2 2mezanuM che.' ahIM kAgaDo e upalakSaNa che eTale pachI kAgaDo na beTho hoya tyAre paNa te gharane 'ramezanuM dhara' kahI zakAya che. prastutamAM akSAzritatva e upalakSaNa che tethI mati-zrutajJAnamAM te vidyamAna hoya, avadhi Adi jJAnamAM vidyamAna na hoya

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pramANapariccheda pratyakSam / na caivamavadhyAdau matyAdau ca pratyakSavyapadezo na syAditi vAcyam; yato vyutpattinimittamevaitat, pravRttinimittaM tu ekArthasamavAyinA'nenopalakSitaM spaSTatAvattvamiti / spaSTatA cAnumAnAdibhyo'tirekeNa vizeSaprakAzanamityadoSaH / akSebhyo'kSAdvA parato vartata iti SvyAptimAzaGkate na caivamavadhyAdau' / parihArahetumAha 'yato vyutpattinimittamevaitadi tyAdinA / evakAravyavacchedyaM pravRttinimittaM / kiM tarhi pratyakSazabdapravRttinimittamityAzaGkAyAmAha - 'pravRttinimittaJce 'tyAdinA / pravRttinimittatvaJca vAcyatve sati vAcyavRttitve ca sati vAcyopasthitiprakAratvaM / yathA gopadapravRttinimittaM gotvaM / tatra gopadavAcyatvaM samasti, gopadazaktergotvaviziSTagovyaktivizrAntatvasvIkArAd, gopadasya gotvavAcakatvasadbhAvAt / gopadavAcyagovyaktivRttitvaM, ata eva ca gopadajanyopasthitau prakAratvamapi asti / 'gacchatIti gauH' ityasya tu vyutpattinimittatvamAtrArtho'nyathA gacchati azvAdau agacchati ca gavi gopadapravRttyapravRttyApatteH / chatAM paNa 'pratyakSa' tarIkeno vyavahAra pAMce ya jJAnamAM nirbAdhapaNe thaI zake che. bAkI, kharekhara to 'spaSTatAvattva' e ja pratyakSanuM lakSaNa che ane e to matyAdi pAMce ya mAM vidyamAna che ja. prazna : A spaSTatAnuM svarUpa zuM kahezo ? uttara : anumAna-AgamAdinI apekSAe adhikatAe arthaprakAzana ka2vuM, arthagatadharmone vizeSapaNe jaNAvavA e ja pratyakSamAM rahelI spaSTatA che. e to anubhavasiddha che ke bhaDabhaDa baLatA jAjavalyamana agnine pratyakSa jotA agnino (tenA varNAdino) jevo vizada bodha thAya tevo vizada bodha vahninI anumiti thatA thaI zakto nathI. A rIte dareka pratyakSamAM spaSTatArUpa pravRttinimitta ghaTamAna che. * 'parokSa' zabdanA vyutpatti ane pravRttinimitta * pratyakSa zabdanI vyutpatti, pravRttinimitta jaNAvIne have 'parokSa' zabdanI vyutpatti jaNAve che. akSa eTale ke indriyothI vyavahita rahIne je jJAna utpanna thAya tene parokSa kahevAya che. dA.ta. dhUmAdine jovA dvArA agninuM thatuM jJAna. A vyutpattimAM 'akSa' zabdano artha Indriya karyo che. Indriyo aneka hovAthI 'gakSemyaH' ema bahuvacanano prayoga karyo che. 'akSa' zabdano artha pUrve 'jIva' karelo tethI e ja arthane anusarIne bIjI vyutpatti paNa jaNAve che. 'akSa eTale ke jIvathI vyavahita rahIne je jJAna utpanna thAya che te parokSa. A vyutpatti pramANe mati-zrutajJAna paNa parokSa kahevAze. kAraNa ke temAM AtmA sAthe sIdho saMbaMdha hoto nathI. Indriyono viSaya sAthe saMbaMdha thatA jJAna utpanna thAya che. Ama 'parokSa' zabdanA paNa vyutpattinimitta be che, paraMtu pravRttinimitta to eka ja che, ane te che aspaSTatA. pratyakSa jJAnanI apekSAe anumAnAdimAM aspaSTatA hoya che te supratIta che. * sAMvyavahArika ane pAramArthika pratyakSa pratyakSanA mukhya be bheda che (1) sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa (2) pAramArthika pratyakSa. ahIM sau prathama sAMvyavahArika pratyakSanI bheda-prabhedanirUpaNapUrvaka vicAraNA karAya che. saMvyavahAra kone kahevAya ? te jaNAve che. ISTasAdhanasvarUpavastrAdiviSayaka cAkSuSapratyakSa thatAM ja tene levA mATe pravRttirUpa vyavahAra thAya che. aniSTasAdhana svarUpa sarpAdiviSayaka cAkSuSapratyakSa 27

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28 jaina tarkabhASA parokSama, aspaSTaM jJAnamityarthaH / tasmAd yathA ekArthasamavAyinA gamanakriyAtmakavyutpattinimittenopalakSitaM gotvameva gopadapravRttinimittaM, tathaiva ekArthasamavAyinA = svAdhikaraNavartinA'kSA''zritatvalakSaNavyutpattinimittenopalakSitaM spaSTatAvattvaM vakSyamANalakSaNameva tthaa| vyutpattinimittasyopalakSaNatvakathanAdavyAptyAdipUrvoktadoSAH parihRtA bhavanti / __ pratyakSaM lakSayitvA parokSaM lakSayati 'akSebhyaH' ityaadinaa| 'akSebhyaH' iti cakSurAdIndriyebhyaH, indriyavahutvAd bahuvacananirdezaH / 'akSAdvA' = AtmanaH sakAzAd, vyaktyA bhinnatve'pi jAtAvekavacanaM thatAM ja tyAMthI khasI javA rUpa nivRtyAtmaka vyavahAra thAya che. kyAreka koIne jaNAvavA mATe zabdaprayoga karavA rUpa abhilApAtmaka vyavahAra paNa thAya che. A badho vyavahAra bAdhArahita, arthAt bhramaNAdithI rahita hoya to te vyavahArane saMvyavahAra kahevAya che. AvA saMvyavahArarUpa prayojanavALuM, arthAt Avo saMvyavahAra karAvI zake tevuM jJAna sAMvyavahArika kahevAya che. jema ke ApaNuM pratyakSa. A pratyakSa apAramArthika che. tAtparya e che ke ApaNe dareka jJAna kaMI pravRtti-nivRjyAdirUpa saMvyavahAranuM prayojaka bane ja evo koI niyama nathI, chatAM ya temAM pravRtti-nivRtti AdirUpa saMvyavahAranA prayojaka banI zakavAnI zakti to che ja. tethI te apekSAe tene paNa sAMvyavahArika kahevAya che. dA.ta. aMkurane utpanna kare tene bIja kahevAya che. paraMtu ghaNAM bIja evA hoya che ke je koThAramAM ja paDayAM rahe che ane tethI aMkurane utpanna karatA nathI. chatAM paNa aMkurane utpanna karavAnI zaktithI yukta hovAthI tene paNa aMkuranuM kAraNa to kahevAya che. te rIte prastutamAM paNa saMvyavahAra mATe svarUpa yogya hovAthI dareka mati-zruta jJAnane sAMvyavahArika kahI zakAze. * sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa vastutaH parokSa che eka vaLI, A sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa vastutaH to parokSa ja che, kAraNa ke A pratyakSa AtmavyApArathI sAkSAt saMpAdya nathI kintu AtmavyApAra pachI IndriyavyApAra, manovyApAra thAya ane pachI arthabodha (mati ke zrutajJAna) thAya che. jema, dhUmanA jJAna mATe AtmA vyApRta bane, pachI dhUmajJAna thAya ane pachI vaddhinI anumiti thAya che. ahIM vahninI anumiti parokSajJAna che kAraNa ke AtmavyApAra pachI tarata ja te utpanna thatuM nathI kintu vacce dhUmanuM jJAna vyavadhAna UbhuM kare che. tevI ja rIte Indriya ke anindriya (mana) dvArA thatAM pratyakSajJAnamAM paNa te to IndriyanA vyApArathI vyavadhAna paDe che. sau prathama AtmavyApAra, pachI IndriyavyApAra, pachI te vastunuM jJAna thAya che, sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa A rIte sAkSAt AtmavyApArasaMpAgha nathI, kintu Indriya ke noIndriya(mana) thI vyavahita evA AtmavyApArathI ja saMpAdya che. vaLI, anumitkAdirUpa parokSajJAnamAM jema asiddha, arnakAntika (vyabhicAra), viruddha evA anumAnAbhAsano saMbhava che, tema Indriyanimittaka ke manonimittaka sAMvyavahArika pratyakSamAM saMzaya, viparyaya, anadhyavasAyano saMbhava che. (jema ke doraDuM haze ke sApa ? evo saMzaya paDI zake che, dhULa uDatI joIne "A dhUma che" evo viparyaya paNa thaI zake che.) avadhi vagere jJAnamAM A rIte saMzayAdi. thatA nathI. te kAraNathI paNa sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa e paramArthataH parokSa ja che.

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pramANapariccheda pratyakSaM dvividhaM sAMvyavahArikam, pAramArthikaM ceti / samIcIno bAdhArahito vyavahAraH pravRttinivRttilokAbhilApalakSaNaH saMvyavahAraH, tatprayojanakaM sAMvyavahArikamapAramArthikamityarthaH, yathA'smAdAdipratyakSam / taddhIndriyAnindriyavyavahitAtmavyApArasampAdyatvAtparamArthataH parokSameva, dhUmAdagnijJAnavad vyavadhAnAvizeSAt / kiJca asiddhAnaikAntikaviruddhAnumAnAbhAsavat saMzayaviparyayAnadhyavasAyasambhavAt, sadanumAnavat saGketasmaraNAdipUrvakanizcayasambhAvAcca paramArthataH parokSamevaitat / = indriyasannikarSAdilakSaNavyavadhAnato vartate jJeyam / parataH jAyata iti parokSaM jJAnam / etena 'paramArthataH parokSamevaitat' ityapi vyAkhyAtaM draSTavyam / idamuktaM bhavati apaudgalikatayA'mUrto jIvaH paudgalikatayA ca mUrtAni dravyendriyamanAMsi amUrtAcca pRthagbhUtaM mUrtaM tatastebhyo dravyendriyamanobhyo yanmatizrutalakSaNaM jJAnaM jAyate tad dhUmAderagnyAdijJAnavat paranimittatvAt paramArthataH parokSameva / idamatrAdhikam - ' spaSTaM pratyakSa' miti sAMvyavahArikapAramArthikasAdhAraNaM pratyakSalakSaNaM / yadyapi pratyakSasAmAnyalakSaNAni tu tattatantroktAni bahUni tathApi na hi tAni doSarahitAni / tathA ca tAthAgatAH 'kalpanApoDhamabhrAntaM pratyakSamiti' (nyAyabindau ) nAmajAtyAdiyojanAlakSaNayA kalpanayA'poDhaM = rahitaM, yanna bhrAmyati tatpratyakSamiti hi tadabhiprAyaH / sa tu svagRhamAnya eva samAropAvirodhitvAt, = taduparAMta, satya anumitimAM sAdhyano nizcaya jema saMketasmaraNapUrvaka thAya che. tema matizrutajJAna svarUpa evuM sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa paNa saMketasmaraNapUrvaka thAya che. tethI e paramArthataH anumitinI jema parokSa ja che. (tAtparya : koI apUrva vastune jotA ja 'A amuka vastu che' evo bodha thaI zakto nathI, kAraNa ke jyAM sudhI te vastuno vAcaka zabda kyo che ? te na jaNAya tyAM sudhI vAcyavAcakabhAvagarbhita 'A amuka vastu che' evo bodha zI rIte thAya ? tethI jaNAya che ke mati-zrutajJAna saMketasmaraNapUrvaka thAya che. hA, avijJAnI AvI koI apUrva cIja jue to tene saMketasmaraNAdi karyA vagara ja 'A amuka vastu che' evo bodha thaI zake che.) Ama banne prakAranA pratyakSamAM A ja mukhya bheda che. tethI avadhyAdi ja pAramArthika pratyakSa che, sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa e pAramArthika pratyakSa nathI. 29 * sAMvyavahArika pratyakSanA ne leha * A sAMvyavahArika pratyakSanA be prakAra che. (1) IndriyajanmapratyakSa : cakSu, ghrANAdi pAMca IndriyothI utpanna thatuM cAkSuSAdi pratyakSa e badhuM IndriyajanyapratyakSa kahevAya che. (2) manojanyapratyakSa : mana e Indriya nathI anindriya che. manathI utpanna thanAra mAnasapratyakSa kahevAya che. A ja manojanyapratyakSa che. zaMkA H Indriyajanya jJAnamAM paNa mana to vyAvRta bane ja che, to pachI badhA ja pratyakSane

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jaina takabhASA etacca dvividham-indriyajam, anindriyajaM ca / tatrendriyajaM cakSurAdijanitam, anindriya ca manojanma / yadyapIndriyajajJAne'pi mano vyApiparti; tathApi tatrendriyasyaivAsAdhAraNakAraNatvAdadoSaH / dvayamapIdaM matizrutabhedAd dvidhA / tatrendriyamanonimittaM zrutAnanusAri jJAnaM matijJAnam, zrutAnusAri ca zrutajJAnam / zrutAnusAritvaM ca saGketaviSayaparopadezaM zrutagranthaM vA'nusRtya vAcyavAcakabhAvena saMyojya 'ghaTo ghaTaH' ityAdyantarjalpAkAragrAhitvam / nanvevamavagraha vizeSAgrAhitayA vyavahArAnaGgatvAcca tatra prAmANyA'sambhavAt / etena, abhrAntavizeSaNarahitaM kevalaM 'kalpanA'poDhaM pratyakSami'ti diGnAgakRtapratyakSalakSaNamapi apaastm| spaSTatvakathanena cAkasmAdrumadarzanAdvahniratreti jJAnaM, yAvAn kazcidbhUmavAn pradezaH sa sarvo'gnimAnityAdi vyAptijJAnaM cAspaSTamapi pratyakSamAcakSANa: prajJAkaraguptAdirapi pratikSiptaH, anumAnasyApyevaM pratyakSatApattyA pratyakSamevaikaM pramANaM syAt / 'indriyArthasannikarSotpannaM jJAnamavyapadezyamavyabhicAri vyavasAyAtmakaM pratyakSaM (nyAyasUtra 1/1/4) iti naiyAyikagRhAdhItamapi prtyksslkssnnmvdhyaadaavvyaapktvaadupekssym| 'satsamprayoga puruSasyendriyANAM buddhijanma tatpratyakSam' iti mImAMsakoktapratyakSalakSaNamapi na cAru, ativyAptyanatikramAt, saMzayaviparyayavuddhayorapIndriyasamprayogajanyatvena prtyksstvprskteH| 'zrotrAdivRttiH pratyakSamiti' bruvANAH sAGkhyAstu pramANasAmAnyalakSaNe jJAnanivezenaiva vhisskRtaaH| itthaJca sUktaM 'spaSTaM pratyakSa miti sthitaM / manojanya kema na kahyAM ? samA. : tamArI vAta sAcI che. banne prakAranA sAMvyavahArika pratyakSamAM manovyApAra to hoya ja che. tema chatAM paNa cAkSuSAdi pratyakSajJAnamAM mukhyarUpe Indriyo ja kAraNa bane che. tyAM mananI kAraNatA asAdhAraNa nathI. tethI tene Indriyajanya ja kahyuM temAM koI doSa nathI. (jema ke chedanakriyA pratye kuhADInI jema hAtha vagere paNa kAraNa che ja, tema chatAM te asAdhAraNa kAraNarUpa nathI. kuhADImAM ja mukhya kAraNatA (asAdhAraNa kAraNatA) hovAthI tene karaNa kahevAya che. tema prastutamAM paNa samajavuM.) TUMkamAM, je pratyakSajJAna thavAmAM manovyApAra paNa hoya te Indriyaja pratyakSa kahevAya ane je pratyakSajJAna thavAmAM manovyApAra ja hoya te anindriyaja pratyakSa kahevAya. Indriyajanya ane manojanya e banne pratyakSanA pAchA be-be bheda che. (1) matijJAna - je jJAna Indriya ke mana dvArA utpanna thatuM hoya paNa zratane anusaryA vinA thatuM hoya te. (2) zrutajJAna ) je jJAna Indriya ke mana dvArA to utpanna thatuM ja hoya, sAthe zrutane anusarIne utpanna thatuM hoya te. (ahIM eTalo bheda svayaM samajI levo ke je matijJAnamAM Indriya ja asAdhAraNa kAraNa bane te Indriyajanya matijJAna. je matijJAnamAM mana ja asAdhAraNa kAraNa bane te manojanya matijJAna. je zrutajJAnamAM Indriya ja asAdhAraNa kAraNa bane te Indriyajanya zrutajJAna. je zrutajJAnamAM mana ja asAdhAraNa kAraNa bane te manojanya zrutajJAna.).

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34 pramANapariccheda eva matijJAnaM syAnna tvIhAdayaH, teSAM zabdollekhasahitatvena zrutatvaprasaGagAditi ceta; na; zrutanizritAnAmapyavagrahAdInAM saGketakAle zrutAnusAritve'pi vyavahArakAle tadananusAritvAt, 'nanvevamiti' nanu yadi zabdollekhasahitaM zrutajJAnamiSyate, tadanyaM tu matijJAnaM, tadA vakSyamANasvarUpo'vagraha eva matijJAnaM syAt, na puna IhApAyAdayasteSAM zabdollekhasahitatvAt, matibhedatvena caite prasiddhAH, ataH zabdollekhakalitatvAd IhApAyAdiSu matijJAnalakSaNasyAvyAptirativyAptirvA zrutajJAnalakSaNasya syAt / na cehAdInAM sAbhilApatve'pi na zrutAnusAritvaM, tathA ca noktadoSAvakAzaH, zrutAnusAriNa eva sAbhilApajJAnasya zrutatvAditi vAcyam, avagrahavadIhAdInAmapi zrutanizritatvenaiva siddhAnte proktatvAt / yuktito'pi cehAdiSu zabdAbhilApasya saGketakAlAdyAkarNitazabdAnusaraNamantareNA'nupapatteriti zrutAnusAritvena bhavatyeva zrutatvamIhAdInAmiti cet, na, IhAdInAM zrutanizritatvoktiprayojakaM hi vyavahArakAlaprAkkAlAvacchinnaM zrutaparikarmitamatitvaM, na tu vyavahArakAlAvacchinnazrutaparikarmitamatitvam / IhAdikAlazca vyavahArakAlo, na hi tadAnIM zrutAnusAritvameteSvasti, saGketakAlAdyAkarNitazabdaparikarmitamatInAM vyavahArakAle tadanusaraNamantareNApi vikalpaparamparApUrvakavi-vidhavacanapravRttidarzanAt / na hi prAgvyavahArakAlAt pravRttasaGketA adhItazrutagranthAzca vyavahArakAle prativikalpante 'etacchabdavAcyatvenaitat pUrvaM mayA'vagatam' ityevaMrUpaM saGketam, tathA 'amukasmin grantha etaditthamabhihita'mityevaM zrutagranthaM cAnusaranto dRzyante, abhyAsapATavavazAt tadanusaraNamantareNApyanavarataM viklpbhaassnnprvRtteH| yatra kutracicchrutAnusAritvaM, tatra zrutarUpatA'niSiddhA eva / tasmAcchrutAnusAritvAbhAvena zrutatvAbhAvAdIhApAya * zAnabhAM zrutAnusAritArnu sva35 * zrutAnusAri jJAnane zrutajJAna kahyuM che tethI jJAnamAM AvatA zrutAnusAritvanuM svarUpa jaNAve che. A padathI A vastu jANavI' AvI IcchAne saMketa kahevAya che ane te pada saMketano viSaya bane che. (jema ke ghaTapadaviSayakasaMketa kaMbugrIvAdimAn padArthamAM thAya che.) AptapuruSano zabda sAMbhaLIne, athavA koI granthano zabda sAMbhaLIne (vAMcIne) tyAre te pada ane te padArtha vaccenA vAcya-vAcakabhAvarUpa saMbaMdhanuM jJAna thAya che ane AvA vAcya-vAcakabhAvanA jJAnapUrvaka aMdaramAM "Ane ghaTa kahevAya' ItyAdirUpe je jJAna thAya che, temAM zabdano kaMIka saMbaMdha hoya che. thanArA jJAna sAthe zabdanuM saMkaLAyela hovApaNuM e ja te jJAnamAM raheluM zrutAnusAritva jANavuM. (matijJAna thavAmAM Avo zabdasaMsarga hoto nathI.) zaMkA : zabdasaMsargI jJAna zrutajJAna ane bAkInuM matijJAna evo bheda svIkArazo to mAtra avagraha ja matijJAnarUpa siddha thaze. IhA, apAya, dhAraNA to zabdollekhavALA (zrutAnusArI) hovAthI zrutajJAnarUpa kahevAze, jayAre IhA vagerene to matijJAnanA bhedarUpe jaNAvyA che. Ama zrutajJAnanuM lakSaNa ativyApta thaze. IhA vagere zrutAnusArI nathI evuM tame kahI nahIM zako, kAraNa ke matijJAnanA vaphTamANa 340 prabhedomAM kRtanizritamatinA 336 bhedamAM ja IhA vagere gaNyA che. samA. : IhA vagere kAyama zabdollekhavALA ja hoya che evuM nathI. IhA vagere saMketakALe bhale zrutAnusArI hoya paNa vyavahArakALe zrutAnusArI hotA nathI. tAtparya e che ke pada ane padArtha vaccenA

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jaina tarkabhASA abhyAsapATavavazena zrutAnusaraNamantareNApi vikalpaparamparApUrvakavividhavacanapravRttidarzanAt / aGgopAGgAdau zabdAdyavagrahaNe ca zrutAnusAritvAnmatitvameva, yastu tatra zrutAnusArI pratyayastatra dhAraNAnAM sAmastyena matijJAnatvAnna matijJAnalakSaNasyAvyAptiH, zrutarUpatAyAzca zrutAnusAriSveva sAbhilApajJAnavizeSeSu sadbhAvAnna shrutjnyaanlkssnnsyaativyaaptiH| na ca tathApi aGgAnaGgapraviSTAdiSu ca vakSyamANazrutabhedeSu matijJAnabhedasvarUpANAmavagrahAdInAM sadbhAvAt sarvasyApi tasya matijJAnatvaprasaGgAt zrutajJAnalakSaNasyAvyAptiriti vAcyam, 'matipUrvameva zrutamiti vacanAt prathamaM zabdAdyavagrahaNakAle'vagrahAdInAM samupajAyamAnatvAt, teSAM ca zrutAnanusAritvena zrutatvAyogAt / yastu teSvaGgAnaGgapraviSTazrutabhedeSu zrutAnusArI jJAnavizeSaH sa zrutajJAnamiti naavyaaptiH| etena, aGgAnaGgapraviSTeSu zrutabhedeSu matijJAnalakSaNagamanAdIhAdirUpeSu matibhedeSu ca sAbhilApatvena zrutajJAnalakSaNagamanAd ya ubhayalakSaNasaGkIrNatAdopaH kenacidudbhAvyate so'pi dttottrH| tasmAdavagrahApekSayA'nabhilApatvAdIhAdyapekSayA tu sAbhilApatvAt sAbhilApA'nabhilApaM matijJAnamazrutAnusAri ca, saGketakAlapravRttasya zrutagranthasambandhino vA zabdasya vyavahArakAle'nanusaraNAt / zrutajJAnasya tu sAbhilApatvaM zrutAnusAritvameva ca, saGketakAlapravRttasya zrutagranthasambandhino vA zrutasya vyavahArakAle'vazyamanusaraNAditi sarvaM sustham / nanu zrutAnusAritvamavadhAvativyAptaM, agRhItasaGketakasya vastuno'vadhinA pratyakSatve'pi tatsaGketasya zrutaviSayatvAt, avadhezca rUpidravyamAtraviSayakatvena saGketagrAhakatvAyogAt iti cet, atra kecitvAcya-vAcakabhAvarUpa saMbaMdhanuM jJAna thAya eTale ke "A zabdathI A artha jANavo" evuM jyAre jaNAya te saMketakALa kahevAya che. A kALe thato avagraha zrutAnusArI jarUra che ane mATe A rIte saMketakALe zrutAnusArI mati dvArA thatA hovAthI ja tene zrutanizritanA bhedamAM gaNyA che. paraMtu vyavahArakALanI vAta AkhI judI che. ekavAra vAcya-vAcakabhAva jaNAI gayA pachInI abhyastadazAmAM jayAre paNa e zabda sAMbhaLe che ke bole che tyAre (eTale ke vyavahArakALe) zratanuM anusaraNa hotuM nathI. A kaMbugrIvAdimAn padArtha "ghaTa' zabdathI vAcya hovArUpe pUrve (saMketakALa) me jANeluM.' AvA saMketano sahAro laIne koI ghaTAdi zabdano vyavahAra abhyastadazAmAM karatuM nathI, paNa abhyAsanI paTutAnA kAraNe te te pada sAMbhaLatA ke vAMcatA je te te padArtha jaNAI jAya che. tethI abhyasta dazAmAM vyavahArakALe IhA-apAya-dhAraNA e zrutAnusArI nathI ane tethI te matijJAnarUpa ja che. Ama, zrutajJAnanA lakSaNanI ativyApti ke matijJAnanA lakSaNanI avyApti tyAM thatI nathI. bIjI vAta, aMga ane upAMga zAstronA (ke je zrutajJAnanA bhedarUpe AgaLa kahevAze, tenA) zabdo saMbhaLAtA te zabdanA ja svarUpa vize je avagrahAdi thAya che te to zrutanA anusaraNa vinA ja thayela zrAvaNapratyakSajJAna che. tethI te (zAstronA zabdonuM) jJAna to matijJAna ja che. hA, te pachI te dareka padanA saMketasmaraNAdipUrvaka zrutAnusArI je padArthajJAna, vAkyArthajJAna, mahAvAkyarthajJAna ane thAvata aidaMparyArthajJAna thAya te zrutajJAna che. TUMkamAM, zabdanuM zrAvaNa pratyakSa e matijJAna che ane

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pramANapariccheda zrutatvamevetyavadheyam / matijJAnamavagrahehApAyadhAraNAbhedAccaturvidham / avakRSTo grahaH avagrahaH / sa dvividhA vyaJjanAvagrahaH, arthAvagrahazca / vyajyate prakaTIkriyate'rtho'neneti vyaJjanam kadambapuSpagolakAdirUpANAmantarnivRtIndriyANAM, zabdAdiviSayaparicchedahetuzaktivizeSalakSaNamupakaraNendriyam, zabdAdipariNatadravyanikurambam, tadubhayasambandhazca / tato vyaJjanena vyaJjanasyAvagraho viSayaniSThAyAH vivakSitapadavAcyatAyA api dravyaparyAyarUpatayA avadhiviSayakatvasambhavena zrutamantareNApi tadbhaNanAnapAyAt / vastutastu agRhItasaGketakavastuni anyeSAM gRhItasaGketakAnAM pravartamAna vyavahAramavadhinA dRSTvA tarkasAhAyyAd vAcyavAcakabhAvagrahe na kimapi bAdhakamutpazyAmaH / ___'vyajyate' iti - atrAyamabhiprAyaH, viSayendriyasambandhaH, upakaraNendriyaM, zabdAdidravyasamUhazca etat tritayamapi vyaJjanamucyate, navaramAdyadvayaM karaNasAdhanavyutpattyA, antyazca vyajyata iti vyaJjanamiti krmsaadhnvyutpttyaa| tatazcArthatrayalAbhastathAhi- vyaJjanena = zabdAdilakSaNadravyeNa saha vyaJjanasya = upakaraNendriyasya avagrahaH = sambandho vyaJjanAvagraha ucyate iti prathamo'rthaH, vyaJjanena = indriyeNa, tajjanya zAbdabodha e zrutajJAna che. (zAstromAM paNa "zruta atipUrva ema kaheluM che.) matijJAna ane zrutajJAna vacceno A bheda samajI rAkhavo. have matijJAnanuM tenA bhedakathanAdipUrvaka nirUpaNa kare che. vyaMjanAvagrahanuM nirUpaNa * matijJAnanA cAra bheda che. (1) avagraha (2) IhA (3) apAya (4) dhAraNA. A darekanuM kramazaH nirUpaNa thaze. apakRSTa, eTale ke bIjA badhAnI apekSAe nikRSTa (nimnakakSAnuM) jJAna te avagraha. tenA be bheda che. (1) vyaMjanAvagraha (2) arthAvagraha. sauprathama vyaMjanAvagrahanuM vistArathI nirUpaNa karAya che. pahelA to e jaNAve che ke "vyaMjana' eTale zuM ? ahIM 'vyaMjana" padanA judI judI rIte artha karIne vyaMjanAvagrahanA artha judI judI rIte jaNAve che. jenAthI padArtha vyakta karAya = pragaTa karAya che tene vyaMjana kahevAya che. tethI A rIte vyaMjana zabdano artha thayo upakaraNendriya. kadambapuSpa, golaka Adi AkAravALI aMdaranI nivRtiIndriyamAM zabdAdirUpa pota-potAnA viSayono bodha karavAmAM kAraNa bananArI je zaktivizeSa rahI che te zaktivizeSa upakaraNendriya kahevAya che. granthakAra upakaraNendriyane, zabdAdirUpe pariNamelA dravyasamUhane ane te be vaccenA saMbaMdhane, A traNeyane "vyaMjanAvagraha' kahe che. tethI ahIM madhyamapadalopI samAsa samajavo. (vyagganena zregnanI saMvaprada = zregnenAvagraha) ahIM traNa rIte artha thaze. (1) pahelA "vyaMjana' padano artha dravya (zabdAdi), bIjA vyaMjana padano artha Indriya ane avagraha eTale saMbaMdha. vyaktanena saha vyagnanI viprada eTale arthena saha phandriyI saMvaMdhaH arthanI sAthe Indriyano saMbaMdha e vyaMjanAvagraha kahevAya.

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34 jaina takabhASA vyaJjanAvagraha iti madhyamapadalopI samAsaH / atha ajJAnamayaM, badhirAdInAM zrotrazabdAdisambandhavat tatkAle jJAnAnupalambhAditi cet, na; jJAnopAdAnatvena tatra jJAnatvopacArAt, ante'rthAvagraharUpajJAnadarzanena tatkAle'pi ceSTAvizeSAdyanumeyasvapnajJAnAditulyAvyaktajJAnAnuvyaJjanasya = arthasya, avagrahaH = avyaktaM jJAnaM vyaJjanAvagraha ucyata iti dvitIyo'rthaH, vyaJjanena = indriyArthasambandhena, vyaJjanasya = arthasya, avagrahaH = grahaNaM vyaJjanAvagraha ucyata iti tRtIyo'rthaH / ____ 'ante'rthAvagrahaspajJAnadarzanena' - idamatra tAtparya - yadi prathamasamaye'pi zabdAdipariNatadravyairupakaraNendriyasya sampRktau kAcidapi jJAnamAtrA na bhavet tato dvitIye'pi samaye na bhavet, vizeSAbhAvAt, evaM yaavccrmsmye'pi| atazcaramasamaye jAyamAnArthAvagraharUpajJAnopalambhena prathamasamaye'pi sA'stIti kAryaliGgakAnumAnenAnumIyate / nanu vyaJjanAvagrahavelAyAM na kimapi saMvedanaM saMvedyate, tatkathamasau jJAnarUpo gIyate? ucyate, avyaktatvAnna saMvedyate, tato na kazciddoSa / yaduktaM nandisUtravRttau (pR.161) "upakaraNendriyazabdAdipariNatadravyasambandhe prathamasamayAdArabhyArthAvagrahAt prAga yA suptamattamUrchitAdipuruSANAmiva zabdAdidravyasambandhamAtraviSayA kAcidavyaktA jJAnamAtrA, sA vyaJjanAvagrahaH, sa cAntarmuhUrtapramANaH" | nanu prathamasamayA (2) pahelA vyaMjana padano artha indriya, bIjA vyaMjana padano artha dravya, avagraha eTale jJAna. vyaJjanena vyaJjanasya avagrahaH = indriyeNa arthasya (avyaktaM) jJAnaM = vyaJjanAvagrahaH bheTale. Indriya dvArA arthanuM (avyakta rIte) grahaNa te vyaMjanAvagraha. (3) paDeTA vyaM4 54no artha saMbaMdha, jI. vyaM4- 56no artha dravya, savAI meTa zAna. vyaJjanena vyaJjanasya avagrahaH = indriyArthasambandhena arthasya grahaNaM = vyaJjanAvagraha. meTase // trIjA artha pramANe indriya ane artha vaccenA saMbaMdha dvArA padArthanuM jJAna te vyaMjanAvagraha. ___- 'vyajyate arthaH anena iti vyaJjanam' bhAvI 425vyutpattithI vyaM4 na pahano martha 75424ondriya thAya. - 'vyajyate iti vyaJjanam' bhAvI bhavyutpattithI vyaM4- 54no artha zA3i5 viSaya thAya. - te be vacceno saMbaMdha paNa sAdhanabhUta hovAthI karaNabhUta bane che tethI karaNavyutpattithI vyaMjana padano artha indriya ane artha vacceno saMbaMdha paNa thAya. (ane te saMbaMdhathI thatuM jJAna paNa vyaMjanAvagraha kahevAze.) Ama judI judI rIte vyutpattio karavA dvArA vyaMjanAvagrahanA traNa artha thAya che. jemAMthI eka vAra vyaMjanAvagrahano artha "saMbaMdha" thAya che ane be vAra vyaMjanAvagrahano artha avyakta jJAna thAya che. * vyaMzanAvagrahamAM jJAna35tAnI siddhiH * pUrvapakSa : A vyaMjanAvagrahane tame jJAna kaho cho paNa te to ajJAnarUpa ja che kAraNa ke jema baherA mANasonA kAna sAthe zabdono saMbaMdha thavA chatAM paNa teone koI jJAna thatuM nathI tema vyaMjanAvagraha kALe paNa koI jJAna thatuM nathI. jo vyaMjanAvagrahamALe jJAna thatuM hoya to anubhava thAta. jema badhiravyaktinA kAne zabdasaMparka thavA chatAM zrAvaNapratyakSarUpa jJAna anubhavAtuM nathI ane jJAna

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pramANapariccheda 35 mAnAdvA, ekatejo'vayavavat tasya tanutvenAnupalakSaNAt / diSu zabdAdipariNatadravyANAM stokatvAnna zabdAdipariNatadravyasambandhe'pi kAcijjJAnamAtrA, caramasamaye tu bhaviSyati, zabdAdirUpapariNatadravyasamUhasya tadAnIM bhUyastvAditi cet, na, 'pratyekasmin hi yannAsti tadvande'pi tathaiva tad' iti nyAyAd yadi stokadravyasampRktAvavyaktA'pi kAcijjJAnamAtrA na samullaset tarhi prabhUtadravyasamparke'pi sA na bhavet, asti ca caramasamaye prabhUtadravyAdisampRktau jJAnaM, tatastatkAle'pi= anubhavAtuM na hovAthI tyAM jJAna nathI ema jaNAya che tema vyaMjanAvagraha kALe jJAna anubhavAtuM nathI ane jJAna anubhavAtuM na hovAthI tyAM jJAna nathI ema jaNAya che. hA, vyaMjanAvagrahakALe viSaya ane indriya vacce saMbaMdha cokkasa che paNa te saMbaMdha to ajJAnAtmaka che tethI tene vyaMjanAvagraha kahI na zakAya kAraNa ke tame to vyaMjanAvagrahane avyakta jJAnarUpa kahIne jJAnanA bhedamAM tenI gaNatarI karo cho. mATe vyaMjanAvagrahane ajJAnAtmaka mAnavo ucita che. uttarapakSa : vyaMjanAvagraha svayaM jJAnAtmaka na hovA chatAM paNa jJAnanuM kAraNa che. (upAdAna che) tethI kAraNamAM kAryano upacAra karIne vyaMjanAvagrahane paNa jJAna kahIe chIe. (A vAta vyaMjanAvagrahamAM jJAnAbhAvane svIkArIne karI che. sAthe vyaMjanAvagrahamAM avyakta jJAnarUpatA svIkArIne "yA' kahIne bIjo vikalpa paNa jaNAve che.) athavA, to A aMge anya rIte paNa kahI zakAya che. vyaMjanAvagrahano kALa pUro thatA arthAvagraharUpa jJAna thAya che te to pratIta ja che. tethI tenI pUrve, eTale ke vyaMjanAvagrahakALe paNa avyakta jJAna hoya che ema kalpanA karAya che. zaMkA : jo vyaMjanAvagrahakALe jJAna hoya che to te jaNAtuM kema nathI ? samA. : e jJAna avyakta kakSAnuM hoya che tethI jaNAtuM nathI. dareka jJAna vyakta ja hoya evo nimaya nathI. A vAtane udAharaNathI samajIe. koI mANasane svapramAM kaMIka jJAna thAya ane te mANasa UMghamAM ja babaDavAnuM ke anya koI ceSTA karavAnuM zarU karI de to nikaTamAM rahelo anya mANasa tenI te cothI tenA avyakta (svakha) jJAnanuM anumAna karI leze. suHvyaktinuM jJAna avyakta eTalA mATe che ke UMghamAM ke UThyA pachI tene kaMIka babaDATa karyAnuM ke ceSTA karyAnuM jaNAtuM nathI. ceSTAo, vagara jJAne to thAya nahIM. anyathA ghaTAdimAM paNa ceSTA mAnavI paDaze. tethI supta-matta-mUcchita vyaktionI ceSTAnA AdhAre teomAM avyakta jJAnanI kalpanA karAya che paNa te avyakta hovAthI jJAtAne jaNAtuM nathI. A ja rIte vyaMjanAvagrahakALe arthAvagrahathI anumeya evuM avyakta jJAna hoya che paNa te avyakta hovAthI jaNAtuM nathI. zaMkA : "jJAna" ane pAchuM "avyakta' ! "aMdhakAra' ane "prakAza' nI jema A vAtamAM "vadato vyAdhAta" jaNAya che. prakAza svabhAvavALAM jJAnamAM to vyaktatA ja saMbhave ne ! samA. kema taijasa dravyo prakAzasvabhAvavALAM hovA chatAM paNa jo taijasa paramANuM ekalo chuTo hoya to tyAM tenA prakAzamAM avyaktatA nathI zuM? A ja rIte te jJAna paNa atyaMta sUkSma hovAthI avyakta hoya che ane tethI hoya kharuM paNa chatAM jaNAya ke anubhavAya nahIM AvuM mAnavAmAM koI bAdha nathI.

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jaina tarkabhASA 36 tasya vyaJjanasambandhasya prAktaneSvapi samayeSu iti yAvat stokastokatarairapi zabdAdipariNatadravyaiH sambandhe kAcidavyaktA jJAnamAtrA'bhyupeyA, caramasamayabhAvijJAnAnyathAnupapatteH, tataH sthitametat-vyaJjanAvagraho jJAnarUpaH, kevalaM teSu jJAnamavyaktameva boddhavyam / ekasya tejo'vayavasya prakAzavat tanutvena - atIvAlpatvena anupalakSaNAt svasaMvedanenApi avyajyamAnatvAt / badhirAdInAM punaH sa vyaJjanAvagraho jJAnaM na bhavatItyatrAvipratipattireva tatrAvyaktasyApi jJAnasyAbhAvAt / naiyAyikaparikalpitanirvikalpakapratyakSakalpametajjJAyate / tadevaM vyaJjanAvagrahAvasthAyAmavyaktA jJAnamAtrA prathamasamayeMzenAbhavantI caramasamaye bhavanAnyathA'nupapattyA bhASyoktarItyA (A vyaMjanAvagraha thatA to asaMkhya sUkSma samayo vItI jAya che. A vAtane jaina zAstrakAroe be dRSTAntothI samajAvela che. (1) mallaka dRSTAnta H mATInA koDiyAmAM kramazaH eka eka jaLabiMdu TapakatuM hoya tyAre zarUAtamAM be-cAra jaLabiMduo zoSAI jaze. paraMtu e pachInA dareka jaLabiMduthI koDiyuM bharAtuM jaze. A rIte karatA karatA keTalAya TIpA emAM paDaze e pachI koDiyuM AkhuM chalochala bharAI jaze. (2) pratibodhaka dRSTAnta H koI sUtelA puruSane bUma pADIne bolAvIe tyAre pahelA samaye tenA kAnamAM paDelA zabdapudgalothI khAsa kaMI asara thatI nathI. bIjA, trIjA yAvat saMkhyAta samaya sudhI kAnamAM paDelA pudgalonI bahu asara thatI nathI. paNa asaMkhya samaya sudhI zabdanA pudgalo kAnamAM paDe tyAre te UMghatA puruSa upara kaMIka asara thAya che. (jainadarzana pramANe AMkhanA eka palakArAmAM asaMkhya samayo vItI jAya che e khyAlamAM rAkhavuM.) eTale ke pAMcamI-chaThThI bUme tenI karmendriya zabdapudgalothI paryApta rIte saMbaddha thaI jaze tyAre teno vyaMjanAvagraha pUro thavAthI tenuM dhyAna kheMcAze. A asaMkhya samayamAM thatA vyaMjanAvagrahanA kALamAM je kAMI avyakta jJAna utpanna thAya che te paNa vyaMjanAvagraha nAmathI ja oLakhAya che. A avyaktajJAna cheka carama samaye ja utpanna thAya che evuM nathI, kintu bhautika vyaMjanAvagrahanA prathama samayathI ja alpa alpa mAtrAmAM utpanna thatuM thatuM chellA samaye paripUrNa jJAnamAtrArUpe pragaTa thAya che. bhASyakAre kahyuM che ke jo prathama samaye alpAMze paNa kAryanI utpatti mAnavAmAM na Ave to cheka carama samaye paNa te kArya utpanna thaI zake nahIM. (makAna caNataranA prAraMbhika divase oche vatte aMze paNa makAnanuM caNatara na thAya to aMtima divase paNa te makAnanuM caNatara pUrNa thaze nahIM.) jJAnabiMdu prakaraNamAM A vAtane pU.upAdhyAyajI mahArAje paNa samarthana ApatA kahyuM che ke 'nizcayanayathI to avikala kAraNa ja kAryotpattinuM vyApya kAraNa che. prastutamAM upayogendriya e ja jJAnanuM avikala kAraNa che ane upayogendriya sateja thavAnuM kAraNa bhautika vyaMjanAvagraha che. eTale ke je samayathI vyaMjanAvagraha cAlu thAya te samayathI upayogendriyanuM astitva pragaTa thatuM jAya ane A upayogendriya potAnA kAryabhUta jJAnane utpanna karAvyA vinA zI rIte rahe ? A rIte vyaMjanAvagraha nI zarUAtathI ja ekadama avyakta jJAnamAtrA siddha thAya che eTale arthAvagrahAtmaka jJAnanuM kAraNa hovAthI vyaMjanAvagrahamAM paNa jJAnarUpatAnI siddhi thAya che. prazna H vyaMjanAvagraha e sArvatrika kAraNa nathI kAraNa ke aprApyakArI (cakSu-mana) Indriyono vyaMjanAvagraha to tame mAnatA nathI. to tyAM arthAvagrahanuM kAraNa kone kahezo ? : uttara H aprApyakArI indriya sthaLe to arthAvagraha thatA pUrve kSayopazamarUpa labdhIndriyono grahaNAbhimukha pariNAma e ja kAraNarUpa che. ahIM eTaluM samajI levuM ke prApyakArI indriyo sAmAnya kSayopazama

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pramANapariccheda u7 sa ca nayanamanovarjendriyabhedAccaturdhA, nayanamanasoraprApyakAritvena vyaJjanAvagrahAsiddheH, anyathA tayo yakRtAnugrahopaghAtapAtratve jalAnaladarzanacintanayoH kledadAhApatteH / ravipratipAditA / nizcayanayamabhipretyaivaM vivakSite na dossH| etannayamate'vikalakAraNasyaiva kAryotpattivyApyatvAt / avikalaM ca kAraNaM jJAne upayogendriyameva, tacca vyaJjanAvagrahakAle labdhasattAkaM kathaM na svakArya janayediti dik / vyaJjanAvagrahasya viSayendriyasambandharUpeNopavarNanaM ca vyavahArato jnyeym| vyaJjanAvagrahasvarUpamabhidhAyAdhunA tatprakArAn prakAzayati 'sa ca nayana' ityAdinA - idamuktaM bhavati indriyArthayoH upazleSalakSaNaH sambandhaH prApyakAriSveva sparzanarasanaghrANazrotralakSaNeSu caturindriyeSu bhavati, na tu nynmnsoH| ataste varjayitvA zeSendriyacatuSTayabhedAccaturvidha eva vyaJjanAvagraho bhvti| kathametadevameveti cet, ucyate, jJeyakRtayoH upaghAtAnugrahayosteSveva darzanAt, tathAhi - karkazakambalAdisparzane tvagindriyasya, trikaTukAdyAsvAdane rasanendriyasya azucyAdipudgalAghrANe ghrANendriyasya, bheryAdizabdazravaNe zrotrasya ca tvakkhananAdyupaghAto bhavati candanAdisparzane tvagindriyasya, kSIrazarkarAdyAsvAdane rasanendriyasya, karpUrapudgalAdyAghrANe ghrANendriyasya mRducandrazabdAdyAkarNane zravaNasya ca zaityAnugraho bhavati / nanu ghrANendriyaM prApyakAri na bhavati, yato ghrANendriyaM viSayadezaM gatvA na gandhaM gRhNAti tathAnubhavAbhAvAt, nApi gandho ghrANendriyaM pravizannupalabhyate, na cAbhyAmanyenApi prakAreNa viSayasamparko ghaTate, anubhUyate ca nirvivAdaM karpUrakusumakuGkumAdInAM dUrasthAnAmapi gandha iti ceta ? atrocyate, sparzanAdivadabAhyakaraNatvena ghrANendriyaM gandhadezaM gatvA gandhaM na gRhNAti, kintu gandhaH svayamAgatya dvArA paNa arthagrahaNamAM pravRtta thAya che. jyAre nayana ane mana e banne arthAvagrahaprAyogya kSayopazamanI sahAya maLe pachI ja arthagrahaNamAM pravRtta thAya che mATe e banneno sIdho arthAvagraha ja thAya. ahIM vyaMjanAvagrahamAM vyavahArathI to upacarita jJAnarUpatA ja jANavI ane vAstavika avyakta jJAnarUpatA je temAM jaNAvAI che te nizcayathI jANavI. granthakArano ahIM Avo abhiprAya hoya tema jaNAya che.) * vyaMAnAvagrahanA yAra me * cakSu ane mana sivAyanI cAra indriyonA vyaMjanAvagraha hoya che tethI vyaMjanAvagrahanA cAra meha thayA. (1) sparzanendriya vyaMnAvaDa (2) 2sanendriya vyaM04nAvaDa (3) prAyondriya vyN04|| (4) zrotrendriya vyaM4nAvaya zaMkA : cakSu ane mananA vyaMjanAvagraha kema nahIM ? samA.: vyaMjanAvagrahamAM viSaya sAthe indriyono saMparka thAya che. tethI e prApyakArI indriyomAM ja saMbhave. je indriyo viSayane prApta (saMyukta) thayA pachI ja bodha karAvI zake tene prApyakArI kahevAya che. sparzanendriyAdi cAra indriyo prApyakArI che. jema ke, ghaTAdi dravyano saMparka thayA vinA tenA kaThina ke mRdu sparzano bodha thaI zakto nathI. bhAjanamAM paDelA bhojanano svAda anubhavAto nathI paNa e vastu rasanendriyathI saMgRkta bane tyAre ja svAda anubhavAya che. AvuM ja nAka ane kAna aMge paNa jANavuM.

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jaina takabhASA candrAdyavalokane cakSuSo'nugrahopaghAtau dRSTAveveti cet; prathamAvalokanasamaye tadadarzanAt, ghrANendriyaM spRzati, pudgalamayatvena sakriyatvAt, Arhatamate gaganAdInAM sakriyatve'pi tatra yathA gamanakriyAbhAvastadvat sakriyasyApi gandhasya gamanakriyA na syAdatastadvyAvRttyarthaM 'pudgalamayatvaM' hetorvizeSaNam / yatra pudgalamayatve sati sakriyatvaM tatra gamanakriyA vidyata eva yathA pudgalaskandheSu / nanu pudgalamayatve'pi gandhe gamanakriyA'stIti kuto nizcIyate iti cet, yathA pavanapaTalenohyamAnatvAd dhUmo gamanakriyAvAn evaM gandho'pi vAyunohyamAnatvAt tadvAn / tathA saMharaNato gRhAdiSu piNDIbhavanAt tadvadeva kriyAvAn, evaM vizeSeNa dvArAdivighAtatastoyavat parvatanitambAdiSu ca pratighAtAd vAyuvat kriyAvAn gandhaH / 'ato'tra gandhaH samAgacchatI'ti loke'pyanubhavabalAd vyvhriyte| ghrANendriyeNa sambaddho gandhaH pUtyAdhupaghAtamanugrahaM vA janayitumalam, nAnyathA, sarvasyApi tjjnnpraaptertiprsnggaaditi|| atra zAkyA pratyavatiSThante-nanu bhavatu nAma ghrANendriyasya prApyakAritvaM, tatazca tadIyavyaJjanAvagraho'pi siddhyatu kintu zravaNendriyasya sa na yuktikSamaH, 'cakSuHzrotramanasAmaprAptArthaprakAzakatvami'tyabhidhAnAt / prApyakAritve ca zrotrasya tadviSayIbhUtazabde dUrAdivyavahAro na syAt / asti cAtrA yaM dUre zabdaH zrUyate, nikaTe vA zrUyata' iti pratItiH / ato'prApyakAritvamevAsyopapannam / tathA ca prayogaH 'yo dUrAdipratItigrAhyaH sa svagrAhakeNAsannikRSTa eva gRhyate, yathA cakSurgrAhyastathAvidhapAdapaH / na cAsannikRSTasya zabdasya grahaNe kathaM tataH zrotrAbhighAta iti vAcyam, bhAsvararUpasyAsanikRSTasya grahaNe'pyatazcakSuSo'bhighAtopalambhAccakSuSo'pi prApyakAritvA''patteH / tatra tejasvitA'bhighAtaheturiti cet, zabde tIvratA'bhighAtaheturityapi gRhANeti (zaMkA : sparzanendriya ane rasanendriyanI jema dhrANendriya ane zrotrendriyamAM viSayasaMparka dekhAto nathI. dUra paDelA puSpAdinI sugaMdha paNa anubhavAya che. ema, dUra thayelA avAjane sAMbhaLI paNa zAya che. samA. ahIM puSpa bhale nAkane sparzatuM na dekhAya paNa gaMdhayukta pugalo (ke je puSpamAMthI chuTA paDe che te) pavana dvArA lavAIne nAka sAthe saMpukta thAya che, pachI ja gaMdha anubhavAya che. jo asaMgRkta rahIne ja gaMdhagrahaNa thaI zakatuM hota, to atidUravartI padArthonI gaMdha paNa gRhIta kema na thAya ? A ja vAta zabda mATe che. bhASAvargaNAnA pugalo karNasaMpUkta bane tyAre zabdagrahaNa thAya che. A banne indriyo sAthe pudgalono thato saMyoga pratyakSa dekhAto nathI chatAM phalata: anumeya to che ja.) cakSa ane manamAM aprApyAritvanI siddhi: naiyAyikadi matanuM khaMDana ja pUrvapakSa : cakSu ane manane paNa prApyakArI mAnavAmAM zuM vAMdho ? uttarapakSa : cahyuM ane mane paNa jo prApyakArI hota to te banne dvArA je padArthonuM jJAna karAya, te padArtho dvArA thatA anugraha (= upakAra) ke upaghAta A banne paNa banavA joIe ane to pachI to jalanuM darzana karavAthI AMkha bhInI thaI javI joIe ane agninA darzanathI AMkha baLI javI joIe. e ja rIte jala ke agninuM ciMtana karavAthI manane paNa yathAyogya bhInAza ke dAhano anubhava thavAnI Apatti Ave paNa evuM pratIta nathI. tethI cahyuM ane manane aprApyakArI mAnavA ja ucita che.

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pramANapariccheda na zrotrasya prApyakAritA, tatazca na tadIyavyaJjanAvagraho'pIti sthitam / atrocyate - pratyakSabAdhito'yaM pakSaH, karNapraviSTasya sannikRSTasyaiva zabdasya pratyakSeNa pratIteH / ata eva pihitakarNapaTalasya zabdazravaNapratibandho'pyupapadyate / na caivaM cakSuSaH pidhAne datte na cAkSuSapratyakSodaya iti cakSurapi prApyakAri siddhyatIti vAcyam, cAkSuSapratyakSe'vyavadhAnasyApi sahakAritvAccakSuH pidhAnadazAyAM tadabhAvAdeva na cAkSuSaM pratyakSaM, zrotreNa tu vyavahitasyApi zabdasya grahaNe sAmarthyAt karNapidhAnadazAyAM yadazravaNaM tadviSayAsamparkakRtameveti / dUrAdigrAhyatvalakSaNo heturapi gandhenAnaikAntikaH, sannikRSTasya gandhasya ghrANena grahaNe'pi dUrAdipratyayagrAhyatvapratIteH / na ca tathA pratIyamAne gandhe dUranikaTAdivyavahAro'siddha iti vAcyam, sakalatanubhRtAM nirvivAdaM tathA pratIyamAnatvAt, anubhavApalApasya ca nitAntAnyAyyatvAt / zrotreNa sannikRSTasyApi zabdasya grahaNe tatra dUrAdivyavahArasya dUrAdidezAdAgatatvenopapadyamAnatvAd, ghrANendriyeNa sannikRSTasyApi gandhasya grahaNe dUrAdidezAdAgatatvena dUre kusumaparimala ityAdivyavahAravat / kiJca yadi pUrvapakSa : cakSu ane manane paNa dazyavastu dvArA anugraha ke upaghAtarUpa asara thatI jaNAya che. sUryane jovAthI AMkhamAM baLatarA rUpa upaghAta thato jaNAya che ane caMdrane jovAthI AMkhane anugraha thato paNa jaNAya che. 39 uttarapakSa : tamArI dalIla upalaka dRSTie gamI jAya paNa saheja vicAratA ja tuTI paDe evI takalAdI che. jo sUryadarzanathI pIDA thatI hota to sUryane jotAnI sAthe (prathamasamayathI) ja pIDA thavI joIe, paraMtu evuM nathI. thoDI kSaNo niraMtara jovAthI pIDA thAya che ane temAM paNa AMkha sUrya sudhI pahoMcIne garamIno anubhava karAve che evuM nathI. paNa sUryanA kiraNo, je cheka AMkha sudhI prasare che, tenI sAthe saMbaMdha thavAthI AMkhane upaghAta thAya che. (jema ke, AMkhamAM taNakhaluM ke maracuM paDavAthI pIDA thAya tema. eTale vAstavamAM to sUryakiraNothI AMkhane thatI pIDA e AMkhanI prApyakAritAne kAraNe nathI. paraMtu AMkhanA sthAnamAM rahelI tvacAnI prApyakAritAne kAraNe che. juo ne candra/sUryanA kiraNonI uSNatA ke zItalatAno anubhava karavo e kAMI cakSuno vyApAra thoDo che ! cakSu to rUpagrahaNa kare. sparzagrahaNa to tvacAno vyApAra che.) pUrvapakSa : calo, cakSunuM to samajyA. paraMtu manane to tamAre prApyakArI mAne ja chuTako che. kAraNa ke spaSTa pratIti thAya che ke koI ISTa vastunuM ciMtana karavAthI manane sukhano anubhava thAya che ane aniSTa vastunuM ciMtana karavAthI duHkhano anubhava thAya che. uttarapakSa : mRta vyakti ke naSTa vastunuM ciMtana karavAthI manane duHkharUpa upaghAta thAya che kAraNa ke mananA duHkhanuM anumAna karAve tevA zarIra dubaLuM thavuM, hRdayarogano humalo Avavo (zokanA lIdhe) ityAdi bAhyacihno dekhAya che. e ja rIte iSTasaMyoga ke dhanalAbhano vicAra karavAthI manane sukhAnubhava rUpa anugraha paNa thAya che kAraNa ke mananA sukhanuM anumAna karAve tevA moTuM malakAvuM, romAMca thavA 1. ahIM 'vivandrAghavatone cakSuSoDanupropadhAau' padamAM yathAkrama anvaya karavA jatA to 'ravinA avalokanathI anugraha ane candranA avalokanathI upaghAta' evo artha thaze je pratyakSabAdhita che tethI pAThakramathI anvaya na karavo. 'pAmArthamAM vattIyA' nyAye vyutkramathI anvaya samajavo.

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jaina tarkabhASA anavaratAvalokane ca prAptena ravikiraNAdinopaghAtasya, naisargikasaumyAdiguNe candrAdau cAvalokite upaghAtAbhAvAdanugrahAbhimAnasyopapatteH / mRtanaSTAdivastucintane, iSTasaGgamavibhavalAbhAdicintane ca jAyamAnI daurbalyora kSatAdi vadanavikAsaromAJcodgamAdiliGgakAvupaghAtAzrotrasyAprApyakAritvaM syAttadA rUpa iva tadviSaye dezAdisandeho na syAt, sa ca 'kuto'pi zrUyate'mukaH zabdaH' ityAdyAkAraH samastyeva / na ca cakSuSA pazyata evaMvidhaH sandeha upapadyate / pratiniyatadezAvacchinnavastuviSayakasandehastu 'kiJcidapi dRzyate'gre' ityAdirUpastatrApi samastyeva, kintu na sa cakSuSaH prApyakAritvasAdhakaH iti siddhaM zrotrasya prApyakAritvam / sparzanarasanayoH prApyakAritvaM spaSTapratItibalAdeva prasiddhamiti na pratanyata iti sUktaM vyaJjanAvagraho nayanamanovarjendriyabhedAccaturdheti / 40 ityAdi cihno dekhAya che. tethI bAhya viSayo sAthe manane saMbaMdha che ane te saMbaMdhanA kAraNe mana paNa tvacA AdinI, jema prApyakArI hovAnI zaMkA thAya che. paraMtu te bAhya zubhAzubha viSayonA ciMtanathI je sukha ke duHkharUpa anugraha ke upaghAta anubhavAya che te manane nahIM paNa jIvane ja anubhavAya che. AvA anubhavamAM mana to nimitta che. vaLI, je saMbaMdhI vidyamAna hoya tenI sAthe to hajI kadAca saMyoga thaI zake paNa mana to atIta ke anAgata vastuonA ciMtana dvArA paNa harSa ke zoka karAvI zake che to te avidyamAna viSayo ne mana zI rIte prApta karI zake ? tethI manane te viSayo sAthe saMyoga nathI. zubha ke azubha pudgalo dravyamanarUpe pariName che. (manovargaNAnA pudgalone grahaNa karI, manarUpe pariNamAvIne jIva choDe che. manarUpe pariNamelA A pudgalone dravyamana kahevAya che.) AvA dravyamananI sahAyatAthI jIvane sukha ke duHkhano anubhava thAya che. jema ke, chAtImAM vAyu bharAI gayo hoya to pIDA thAya che ane koI auSadhathI te vAyuno bharAvo dUra thatAM zarI2mAM vAyusaMcAra pUrvavat cAlu thaI jAya che tethI sukhano anubhava thAya che. A sukha ke duHkhano anubhava jema zarIrane nimitta banAvIne vAstavamAM to jIvane ja thAya che tema te te padArthonuM ciMtana manane nimitta banAvIne jyAre karAya che tyAre anubhavAtAM sukha ke duHkhano AdhAra to jIva ja che. tethI AvI anugraha ke upaghAtanI pratItithI paNa mananI prApyakAritA siddha thaI zake tema nathI. pUrvapakSa H sUtelA manuSyane evI pratIti thAya che ke 'mArUM mana to meru parvata 52 bhamI AvyuM.' jo viSayadeza tarapha gayA vinA ja mana jJAna karAvatuM hoya to AvI pratIti zI rIte thAya ? uttarapakSa H ema to sUtelA manuSyane 'huM svayaM meru para gayo chuM' evI pratIti paNa thAya che paraMtu e pratIti jema asatya che tema mananA merudezagamananI pratIti paNa asatya che. jo kharekhara e pratIti satya hota, eTale ke kharekhara jo e meru 52 gayo hota to zayanasthAne tenuM zarIra paDeluM dRSTigocara na thavuM joIe ane taduparAMta meru para rahelA suMdara majAnA puSponI suMgadha mANavAthI utpanna thayelA sukhano anubhava thavo joIe. tathA ATalI lAMbI majala kApavAthI zarIrane thAkano anubhava thavo joIe paNa AmAnuM kazuM ja anubhavAtuM nathI tethI siddha thAya che ke e pratIti asatya che. (pUrvapakSa : 'mano dhAti sarvatra, monmattAnendravat' AvI uktio mananI gatizIlatA :

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pramANapariccheda nagraho na manasaH, kintu manastvapariNatAniSTeSTapudgalanicayarUpadravyamano'vaSTambhena hRniruddhavAyubheSajAbhyAmiva jIvasyaiveti na tAbhyAM manaH prApyakAritvasiddhiH / nanu yadi mano viSayaM prApya na paricchinatti tadA kathaM prasuptasya 'mervodau gataM me mana' iti pratyaya iti cet / nanu kimaparAddhaM cakSuSA yena tadIyavyaJjanAvagraho'pi nivAryate / cakSuSaH sannikarSAbhAvAditi cet? AH kimidamapUrvamucyate cakSuSaH snnikrssaabhaavaaditi| asti hi tatsadbhAvaH, cakSuH prApyakAri vyavahitA-prakAzakatvAt pradIpavadityanumAnena tatsiddheriti cet? atrocyate-pratyanumAnabAdhito'yaM pakSaH, jaNAvavA dvArA prApyakAritA jaNAve che enuM zuM ? uttarapakSa H AvI uktio mananI caMcaLatA jaNAve che. atizIvratAthI mana viSayAMtarasaMcAra karatuM hoya che evuM jaNAvavAnA tAtparyavALI ja ukta uktio jANavI. AnA uparathI mananI prApyakAritA siddha thaI zakatI nathI.). pUrvapakSa H svapramAM zrI tIrthaMkara paramAtmAno janmAbhiSeka jeNe joyo hoya tene UThyA pachI tajanya AnaMdanI anubhUti thAya che. e ja rIte svapramAM prayatna karavA chatAM paNa imicchata vastu na maLyAnuM jaNAya to uThyA pachI paNa tajjanya viSAdano anubhava thAya che. uttarapakSa : svaprajJAnathI utpanna thatA harSa ke zokanA anubhavane ame mithyA nathI kahetA. paraMtu AvI anubhUtine AdhAre manamAM prApyakAritA siddha thaI zaktI nathI. kAraNa ke bhojanAdinuM svapra jonArane harSanubhava thavA chatAM te kriyAnuM tRpti vagere phaLa maLatuM nathI. (svapano eTale ke kalpanAno paiso harSa ApI zake to ya sAmagrI ApI nathI zakato.) mana jo prApyakArI hota to bhojanaviSayaka svama jonArane bhojanakriyAnuM sudhAtRptirUpa phaLa maLavuM joIe, paraMtu evuM phaLa maLatuM nathI. tethI mana prAptakArI siddha thaI zakatuM nathI. pUrvapakSa : strI saMpakadi kriyAthI vIryapAta jema thAya che tema strIsaMparyAdiviSayakasvapra vakhate paNa te kriyAnuM vIryapAtAdirUpa phaLa tyAM jovA maLe che. jo strI sAthe manano saMbaMdha (vyaMjanAvagraha) na mAno to AvuM phaLa zI rIte jaNAya ? uttarapakSa : AvA kusvapra vakhate thatA vIryapAtAdi to kAmasaMjJA saMbaMdhI manamAM utpanna thatA tIvra adhyavasAyonA kAraNe thAya che. A vIryapAtAdi rUpa phaLa kAMI vAstavika strIsaMparka janya nathI. anyathA svapramAM je strIno saMsarga thayo hoya tene garbhAdhAnAdi paNa thavA joIe. (jema ke vAgha ke bhUta, pizAca vagerenuM koI bhayaMkara svapra Ave to UMghamAM ja keTalAkane pezAba chUTI jAya, cIsa pADavA mAMDe, UThyA pachI tAva paNa caDI jAya, AvuM badhuM jovA maLe che. A badhuM jema manamAM utpanna thatI bhayanI tIvra lAgaNIonuM pariNAma che tema prastatumAM kAmanI tIvra lAgaNIonuM e pariNAma che ema samajavuM.) pUrvapakSa : myAnaddhi (thiNaddhi) nidrAno udaya thAya tyAre mANasa sAkSAta pathArImAMthI Ubho 1. jaina darzana pramANe nidrAnA pAMca prakAro che. temAM pAMcamAM prakAranI A "syAnaddhi nidrA' che. A nidrAnA udaya kALe UMdhatA zarIra vaDe jIva divase ciMtaveluM kArya kare che. A 'syAnaddhi nidrA' nA udaya vakha aDadhuM baLa AvI jAya che. zrI AvazyakaniryuktivRtti vagere sthaLe tyAnaddhi nidrA aMgenA aneka udAharaNo apAyelAM che.

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42 jaina tarkabhASA na; mervAdI zarIrasyeva manaso gamanasvapnasyAsatyatvAt, anyathA vibuddhasya kusumaparimalAdyadhvajanitaparizramAdyanugrahopaghAtaprasaGgAt / nanu svapnAnubhUtajinasnAtradarzanasamIhitArthalAbhayoranugrahopaghAtI vibuddhasya sato dRzyete eveti cet; dRzyetAM svapnavijJAnakRtau tau, svapnavijJAnakRtaM kriyAphalaM tu tRptyAdikaM nAsti yato viSayaprAptirUpA prApyakAritA tathAhi - cakSuH aprApyakArI jJeyakRtAnugrahopaghAtAviSayatvAt, yannaivaM tannaivaM yathA ghrANendriyaM / ravikiraNAdinA jAyamAnopaghAtasya sparzanaviSayatvena na vyabhicAraH / mano'pi evamevAprApyakAri jJeyakRtAnugrahopaghAtAbhAvAt ckssurvt| mUlata eva sugamamanyat / navaraM 'zravaNAdyavagraheNe 'tyAdi ata eva badhirAdInAM styAnarddhinidrodraye zabdazravaNAbhAvo'pi kalpayituM zakyate / thAya che, gIta vagere sAMbhaLe che, cAlavAnI, doDavAnI, mAravAnI vagere aneka prakAranI kriyAo karato paNa jaNAya che. A badhI kriyAo pote svapramAM ja karI hovAnuM pote pAchaLathI mAne che tethI A gItazravaNAdino kALa e svaprakALa ja hato ane tyAre thatI pravRtti to mananA vicArathI thAya che. manamAM jeno vicAra Ave tadanusAra ceSTA UMghatA zarIra vaDe karAtI hoya che.jo tyAre manano viSaya sAthe saMbaMdha na hoya to pachI gItazravaNAdi kriyAone mana zI rIte karAvI zake? uttarapakSa H styAnardri nidrAnA udayakALe vyaMjanAvagraha to hoya che paNa te manano hoto nathI. kAna vagere indriyono hoya che. (mATe ja to badhirane sthAnaddhi nidrAno udaya thAya ane nidrAdazAmAM ja UThIne gItazravaNAdimAM te pravRtta thAya to paNa tene zravaNa thatuM nathI. kAraNa ke tene karmendriya vyaMjanAvagraha thayo nahoto. jo mananA ja vyaMjanAvagrahathI A zravaNAdi thatuM hota to dhirane paNa te thavuM joIe. AthI siddha thAya che ke te samaye (nidrAmAM) manano nahIM, paNa karmendriyAdino ja vyaMjanAvagraha thAya che.) pUrvapakSa : 'potAnuM cyavana thaI rahyuM che evuM deva jANI zakto nathI.' ityAdi zAstravacana evI vAta jaNAve che ke chadmasthajIvono upayoga asaMkhya samayono hoya che ane tenA pratyeka samaye manovargaNAnA anaMtA pudgalonuM grahaNa thAya che. A rIte manodravyarUpa pudgalonA grahaNane manano vyaMjanAvagraha kahevAze. athavA gRhyamANa manodravyono je saMbaMdha thAya che tene vyaMjanAvagraha kahevAze kAraNa ke gRhyamANa dravyane athavA tenA saMbaMdhane tame vyaMjana kaho cho. bIjI vAta, mana viSayadezamAM jatuM na hovA chatAM paNa bIjI rIte paNa mananA vyaMjanAvagrahanuM samarthana thaI zake che. jayAre mana 'hRdaya' jevI zarIrastha (atisaMbaddha) vastunuM ja ciMtana kare tyAre hRdaya to zarIrastha hovAthI saMbaddha ja kahevAya. tethI zarIranI bahAra na nIkaLavA chatAM paNa manano viSaya sAtheno saMbaMdha siddha thAya che. A paNa manano vyaMjanAvagraha ja che ne ! uttarapakSa H tamArI banne zaMkAonuM kramazaH samAdhAna ApIe chIe. gRhyamANa dravyanA grahaNane ame vyaMjanAvagraha kahIe ja chIe. paraMtu e vAtanuM tAtparya tamAre samajavuM paDaze. grAhya vastunA grahaNane ja vyaMjanAvagraha kahevAya che. manodravya (manovargaNAnA pudgalo) e grAhya vastu nathI paNa grahaNakriyAnuM karaNa che. arthAt, manodravyanuM je grahaNa thAya che te grAhyadravyarUpe nahIM paNa karaNa

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pramANapariccheda 43 manaso yujyeteti brUmaH / kriyAphalamapi svapne vyaJjanavisargalakSaNaM dRzyata eveti cet; tat tIvrAdhyavasAyakRtam, na tu kAminInidhuvanakriyAkRtamiti ko doSa ? nanu styAnarddhinidrodaye gItAdikaM zrRNvato vyaJjanAvagraho manaso'pi bhavatIti cet; na; tadA svapnAbhimAnino'pi zravaNAdyavagraheNaivopapatteH / nanu ' cyavamAno na jAnAti' ityAdivacanAt sarvasyApi chadmasthopayogasyAsaGkhyeyasamayamAnatvAt, pratisamayaM ca manodravyANAM grahaNAd viSayamasamprAptasyApi yuktyantaramupadarzya manaso vyaJjanAvagrahanirAkaraNAyAha 'nanu cyavamAno na jA ayamatrAbhiprAyaH 'cyavamAno na jAnAtIti siddhAntavacanaprAmANyAdazeSo'pi chadmasthopayogo'saGkhyeyasamayamAnaH prsiddhH| teSUpayogasambandhiSu asaGkhyeyeSu samayeSu sarveSvapi pratyekamanantAni manodravyANi manovargaNAbhyo gRhNAti jiivH| dravyANi ca tatsambandho vA prAgatraiva bhvdbhirvynyjnmuktm| tatazca tAdRzaM dravyaM tatsambandho vA vyaJjanAvagraha iti yujyate manasaH / yathAhi zrotrAdIndriyeNa asaGkhyeyAn samayAn (=grahaNa) rUpe thAya che tethI tene vyaMjanAvagraha na kahevAya. yAda rAkhavuM ke grAhya viSayarUpe thanArA dravyagrahaNane ja vyaMjanAvagraha kahevAya che. (tAtparya : jIva pratikSaNa audArika pudgalonuM grahaNa karI tene zarIrarUpe pariNamAve che (junA pudgalo chuTA paDe che.) have tvacAthI ghaTAdi padArthano sparza karatA zarUAtamAM vyaMjanAvagraha thAya te vakhate gRhyamANa audArikapudgalonuM grahaNa paNa thAya che ane te tvacAdirUpe pariName che. tene tvacAno vyaMjanAvagraha nathI kahevAto kAraNa ke tyAM audArika pudgalonuM grahaNa grAhyavasturUpe nathI paNa grahaNarUpe (karaNarUpe) che. ahIM AvuM tAtparya hoya tema jaNAya che.) have tamArI bIjI vAtano javAba ApIe. zarIrastha hRdayAdi to mananA sva-dezamAM ja rahelA che tethI te saMbaddha hoya ja ne ! evI to kaI vastu hoya ke je sva-deza sAthe asaMbaddha hoya ? A rIte kAMI prApyakAritA ke aprApyakAritAnI siddhi thaI zaktI nathI. anyathA, badhuM ja jJAna jIva sAthe saMbaddha hovAthI prApyakArI ja kahevAze. tethI jaNAya che ke bAhyadezastha (bhinnadezastha) vastunI apekSAe prApyakAritA-aprApyakAritAno vyavahAra thAya che. ane kadAca, 'tutu Turnana:' nyAyathI tame kahyuM te rIte mananI viSayaprApyakAritA mAnI laIe to paNa manano vyaMjanAvagraha to siddha nahIM ja thAya kAraNa ke kSayopazamanI paTutAne lIdhe prathama samaye ciMtanIya vastuno arthAvagraha ja utpanna thaI jAya che. viSayaprAptinI kSaNathI ja arthAvabodha pravartavA mAMDe che. zrotrAdi indriyonI jema vacce arthAnupalabdhikALa hoto nathI. eTale ame evuM anumAna pramANa ApIe chIe ke 'arthasaMbaMdha thayA pachI je indriyono arthAnupalabdhikALa hoto nathI teno vyaMjanAvagraha hoto nathI. jema ke, cakSu sAthe arthasaMbaMdha thayA pachI arthAnupalabdhikALa hoto nathI tethI cakSuno vyaMjanAvagraha mAnyo nathI.' pUrvapakSa : cAlo, kSayopazamanI paTutAne kAraNe manano sIdho arthAvagraha ja thaI jAya che tethI viSayasaMparka pachI arthAnupalabdhikALa na hovAthI te rIte bhale manano vyaMjanAvagraha siddha na thAya.

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jaina tarkabhASA 44 manaso dehAdanirgatasya tasya ca svasannihitahRdayAdicintanavelAyAM kathaM vyaJjanAvagraho na bhavatIti cet; zRNu; grahaNaM hi manaH, na tu grAhyam / grAhyavastugrahaNe ca vyaJjanAvagraho bhavatIti na manodravyagrahaNe tadavakAzaH; sannihitahRdayAdidezagrahavelAyAmapi naitadavakAzaH, bAhyArthApekSayaiva prApyakAritvAprApyakAritvavyavasthAnAt, kSayopazamapATavena manasaH prathama- marthAnupalabdhikAlAsambhavAdvA, zrotrAdIndriyavyApArakAle'pi manovyApArasya vyaJjanAvagrahottara - mevAbhyupagamAt, 'manute'rthAn manyante'rthAH aneneti vA manaH' iti manaHzabdasyAnvarthatvAt, yAvad gRhyamANAni zabdAdipariNatadravyANi, tatsambandho vA vyaJjanAvagrahastathA'trApIti zaGkAgranthArthaH / tantra yuktikSamaM, na hi pratisamayaM gRhyamANaudArikapudgalApekSayA spArzano rAsano vA vyaJjanAvagraha iSyate, viSayagrahaNApekSayaiva tantre tasyeSTatvAt / ayambhAvaH pratisamayaM yadanantaudArikAdipudgalagrahaNaM taccharIranAmakarmodayasampAdyatvAnna vyaJjanAvagrahaH, jnyaanaavrnnkrmkssyopshmprbhvtvaadvgrhsyeti| evaM hi viSayAsamprAptAvapi samarthite manaso vyaJjanAvagrahe dUSaNaM pazya bhaGgyantareNa viSayasamprAptyaiva tasya taM samarthayannAha 'dehAdanirgatasyetyAdi / zarIrAdanirgatasyApi = bAhyArthadezamagatasyApi svasthAnasthasyApItyarthaH, svakAye naikaTyAdatIvasambaddhaM hRdayAdikaM cintayato yo jJeyena hRdayAdilakSaNena sambandhaH sa eva tasya vyaJjanAvagraho bhavet / tadapi nopapattimat, yata evaM hi prApyakAritAyAmiSyamANAyAM niHzeSamapi jJAnaM prApyakAryeva, sarvasyApi tasya jIvena sambaddhatvAt / kiM hi nAma tad vastu yadAtmadezenAsambaddhaM bhavet ? tataH pArizeSyAd bAhyArthApekSayaiva prApyakAritvAprApyakAritvacintA yuktimatI, aprAptasya prApteH saMyogapadArthatvAt / bAhyArthastu manasA'prApta eva gRhyata iti na tadIya vyaJjanAvagrahaprasiddhiH / nanu nityasaMyogasyApi kutracit svIkRtatvAnnAprAptasya prApterevasaMyogapadArthatvamiti cet ? bhavatu tatra prApyakAritA, tathApi na tasya vyaJjanAvagrahasambhava ityAha ' kSayopazamapATavene 'ti / ayamatra paraMtu zrotrAdi indriyonA vyApAra vakhate paNa manovyApAra to thAya ja che ane zrotrAdi indriyono arthAnupalabdhikALa che evuM to tame paNa mAno ja cho. basa, e kALe ja manano vyaMjanAvagraha che. uttarapakSa : tame game teTalAM valakhAM mAro to paNa manano vyaMjanAvagraha siddha ka2vAmAM hajI tamane ghaNA graho naDavAnA che. zrotrAdino viSayasaMparka thayA pachI arthAnupalabdhikALa hoya che. paraMtu tyAre manovyApAra hoto ja nathI. arthAnupalabdhikALa rUpa vyaMjanAvagrahakALa vyatIta thaI gayA pachI ja manovyApAra thAya che ane manovyApAra thatAnI sAthe ja arthAvabodha arthAvagraha thavA mAMDe che. zrotrAdinA arthonupalabdhikALe manovyApAra ja hoto nathI eTale tamArI iSTasiddhi thaI nahIM zake. vaNI, 'mana' zabda e sAnvartha che. 'manute arthAn iti manaH' = pArthonuM manana (javajodhana) are te mana. athavA to, 'manyante'rthA anena iti manaH ' jenA vaDe padArthonuM manana thAya te mana. A rIte mana zabdanI vyutpatti paNa, prathama samayathI ja mana dvArA arthAvabodha thato mAnIe to 4 ghaMTe. prema } sva-abhidheya pachArthonuM bhASA (= arthabhASA ) 42 tene 4 'bhASA' 'hevAya, =

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pramANapariccheda 45 arthabhASaNaM vinA bhASAyA iva arthamananaM vinA manaso'pravRtteH / tadevaM nayanamanasorna vyaJjanAvagraha iti sthitam / svarUpanAmajAtikriyAguNadravyakalpanArahitaM sAmAnyagrahaNam arthAvagrahaH / kathaM tarhi yuktigarbha: manaso hi prathamasamaya evArthAvagrahaH samutpadyate, na tu zrotrAdIndriyasyeva prathamaM vyaJjanAvagrahaH / zrotrAdehi kSayopazamApATavena prathamamarthAnupalabdhikAlasambhavena yukto vyaJjanAvagrahaH, manasastu paTukSayopazamatvAccakSurindriyasyeva arthAnupalambhakAlAsambhavena prathamameva arthAvagrahaH smupjaayte| na kevalaM mAnasajJAne prathamamarthAvagraha eva vyApAraH, kintu zrotrAdIndriyopayogakAle'pi mano'rthAvagrahAdArabhyaiva vyApriyate, na tataH pUrvaM vyaJjanAvagrahakAle, tadAnImarthAnavabodhAd, manastvarthAvabodharUpameva, 'manute'rthAn manyante'rthA aneneti vA mana' iti sAnvarthAbhidhAnAbhidheyatvAt / yathA hi svAbhidheyAnan bhASamANaiva bhASA bhavati, nAnyathA, evaM na manaso'nupalabdhikAlastathA ca na vyaJjanAvagraha iti sthitam / vistarArthinA AvazyakabhASyavRtti-syAdvAdaratnAkara-mArgaNAdvAravivaraNAdi-granthAH samavalokanIyAH / arthAvagrahaM lakSyati 'svarUpanAme'tyAdinA - grAhyavastunaH sAmAnyavizeSAtmakatve'pyarthAvagraheNa sAmAnyarUpa evArtho gRhyate, na vizeSarUpaH, arthAvagrahasyaikasAmayikatvAt, samayena ca vizeSagrahaNAyogAt, vizeSagrahasyA''ntarmuhUrtikatvAt / sAmAnyArthazca kazcid grAma-nagara-vana-senAdizabdanirdezyo'pi bhavati, tadvyavacchedArthaM sAmAnyagrahaNaM vizinaSTi svruupetyaadinaa| AdizabdAjjAti-kriyA-guNa-dravyaparigrahaH / tema svaviSayIbhUta padArthonuM manana kare tene ja mana kahevAya. A rIte arthanupalabdhikALa na hovAthI manano vyaMjanAvagraha nathI. vyaMjanAvagraha mAtra cAra indriyono ja che. A rIte cahyuM ane manano vyaMjanAvagraha nathI tethI te bannenI aprApyakAritAnI siddhi thaI. vyaMjanAvagrahanuM nirUpaNa ahIM pUrNa thayuM. * mAvagrahanuM ni35|| * have kramaprApta arthAvagrahanuM nirUpaNa karAya che. sauprathama arthAvagrahanuM lakSaNa jaNAve che. grAhyavastunA svarUpa-nAma-jAti-kriyA-guNa-dravyarUpa vizeSa aMzonI kalpanAthI rahita evuM je vastunA sAmAnya aMzanuM grahaNa thAya tene arthAvagraha kahevAya che. vizeSArtha : grAhyavastu to jo ke sAmAnyavizeSa ubhayAtmaka hoya che. paraMtu arthAvagrahamAM vizeSonuM grahaNa hotuM nathI. dA.ta. eka AmraphaLano vicAra karIe. tenA pratiniyata rUpa-rasAdi svabhAva eTale svarUpa, "Amra' evo teno vAcaka zabda eTale nAma. AmRtva vagere jAti. "A rUpa prItikara che', "A phaLa puSTikara che' ityAdi zabdane kriyApradhAna hovAthI kriyA kahevAze. pIta vagere guNa, phaLa pote dravya che. A badhA (= svarUpa-nAmAdi) aMzo vizeSa kahevAya. te badhA je jJAnamAM na jaNAya tene arthAvagraha kahevAya. * 'teNaM saddetti uggahie' me nahisUtranA pAThamo tAtparyArtha * pUrvapakSa : nadisUtramAM evo pATha che ke (zabdane sAMbhaLanAra puruSane) "A zabda che evo

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jaina tarkabhASA 'tena zabda ityavagRhItaH' iti sUtrArthaH, tatra zabdAdyullekharAhityAbhAvAditi cet; na; 'zabda' tatra rUparasAdyarthAnAM ya AtmIyacakSurAdIndriyagamyaH prAtisvikaH svabhAvastat svarUpam / rUpa- rasAdikastu tadabhidhAyako dhvanirnAma, rUpatvarasatvAdikA tu jAti: / 'prItikaramidaM rUpaM, puSTikaro'yaM rasa' ityAdikastu zabdaH kriyApradhAnatvAt kriyA / kRSNanIlAdikastu guNaH / pRthivyAdikaM punardravyam / eSAM svapa-nAma-nAtyAvInAMtvanA = antarjalpAkArA tayA rahitamevArthamarthAvagraheNa jIvo gRhNAti / zaGkate 'kathaM tarhItyAdinA yathoktaM nandyadhyayane 'se jahAnAmae kei purise avvattaM saddaM suNejjA teNaM saddetti uggahie, na uNa jANai ko vesa saddetti" tadetat kathamavirodhena nIyate ? arthAvagraha thAya che.' A pratItimAM zabdano zabdarUpe ullekha thayelo jaNAya che. tamArA mate to zabdasaMbaMdharahitanuM eTale ke nAmAdinI kalpanAthI rahitanuM jJAna ja arthAvagraha kahevAyuM che. tethI tamArU kathana naMdisUtranA ukta pAThanuM virodhI che. : uttarapakSa H teNe zabdano arthAvagraha karyAnuM to naMdisUtramAM granthakAre kahyuM che ne ! pramAtAne kaMI te vakhate zabdarUpe bhAna thayuM hotuM nathI. dA.ta. mayUrane kyAreya nahIM jANanArA koI puruSe mayUrane joyo hoya tyAre anya vidvAnlR vyakti jema evuM kahe ke tena mayUro pRSTa:' teNe mayUra joyo. e rIte prastutamAM naMdisUtrakAre kahyuM che. 46 pUrvapakSa : jo evuM hoya to 'tena mayUro vRkTaH' nI jema 'tena zoDavagRhItaH' teNe zabdano avagraha karyo e rIte naMdisUtrakAre jaNAvyuM hota. paraMtu naMdisUtrakAre to "tena 'zabda'rUtyavagRhItaH" = 'A zabda che' evo teNe arthAvagraha karyo evuM jaNAvyuM che. AnA parathI jaNAya che ke ahIM pramAtAne zabdarUpe ja bhAna thayuM che. tethI arthAvagrahamAM jAti-nAmollekhAdi na mAnanArA tamane naMdisUtranA ukta pATha sAthe virodha Avaze e Apatti to pAchI UbhI ja rahe che. uttarapakSa : bhale zabdano tene arthAvagraha thAya che te vAta kabUla. paNa rUpa-2sAdithI bhinnarUpe ane zabdasvarUpe nizcita hovArUpe tenuM grahaNa tyAM thatuM nathI. eTalA aMzamAM ja 'zalvassenAvagRhItaH' evI zAsrapaMktinuM tAtparya samajavuM. zabdasvarUpe tyAM zabdano arthAvagraha thato nathI kAraNa ke zabdollekhasahitanuM jJAna (= A zabda che evuM jJAna) aMtarmuhUrta Take che. jyAre arthAvagrahano kALa to ekasamaya kahevAyo che. (samaya e jainadarzanamAM kALanuM sUkSmatama mApa che.) vaLI, A zabda che evA zabdasvarUpe rUpAdithI bhinnarUpe zabdanA nizcayane arthAvagraha zI rIte kahevAya ? kAraNa ke vastuno nizcaya e to apAyanuM svarUpa che. tethI arthAvagrahamAM jo zabdano ukta rIte nirNaya mAnazo to arthAvagraha ane apAyanA svarUpanuM sAMkarya thavAnI Apatti Avaze. kAraNa ke vizeSano nirNaya to apAyamAM ja thAya. sAmAnyagrAhI arthAvagrahamAM nahIM. pUrvapakSa : rUpAdithI bhinna svarUpe ane zabdarUpe thatA zabdanA nirNayane ja arthAvagraha mAno ne! rUpAdithI vyAvRttirUpe thayeluM hovAthI te jJAna jema vizeSarUpa che tema zabdamAtrarUpe te sAmAnyanuM jJAna 1. yathAnAmakaH ko'pi puruSo'vyaktaM zabdaM zRNuyAt, tena zabda ityavagRhItaH, na punarjAnAti ko vaiSa zabdAdiriti / =

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pramANapariccheda 47 iti vaktraiva bhaNanAt, rUparasAdivizeSavyAvRttyanavadhAraNaparatvAdvA / yadi ca 'zabdo'yam' ityadhyavasAyo'vagrahe bhavet tadA zabdollekhasyAntarmuhUrtikatvAdarthAvagrahasyaikasAmayikatvaM bhjyet| syAnmatam 'zabdo'ya miti sAmAnyavizeSagrahaNamapyarthAvagraha iSyatAm, taduttaram 'prAyo mAdhuryAdayaH zaGkhazabdadharmA iha, na tu zArGgadharmAH kharakarkazatvAdayaH' itIhotpatteiti zaGkAgranthArthaH / uttarayati 'netyAdinA - tatra 'zabdo'vagRhIta' iti sUtrakAraH pratipAdayati na tu pramAtA nizcinotItyabhiprAyaH' / atha vikalpayati 'ruuprsaadii'tyaadinaa| zabdamAtraM rUparasAdivizeSavyAvRttyA'navadhAritatvAt zabdatayA'nizcitaM gRhNAti ityetAvatAMzena 'zabdastenAvagRhIta' ityucyate, na punaH zabdabuddhyA 'zabdo'yami'tyadhyavasAyena tacchabdavastu tenAvagRhItaM, zabdollekhasya AntarmuhUrtikatvAt, arthAvagrahasyaikasAmayikatvAdasambhavI evAyamiti bhaavH| yadi punararthAvagrahe zabdanizcayaH syAttadA'pAya evAsau syAt, vishessnishcysyaapaayruuptvaat| punarapi zakate 'syAnmatami'tyAdinA - prathamasamaya eva rUpAdivyapohena sAmAnyavizeSagrahaNamiti sAmAnyAtmakavizeSagrahaNamityarthaH 'zabdo'yamiti pratyayo'rthAvagrahatvenAbhyupagamyatAm, zabdamAtratvena sAmAnyatvAt, kahevAya. tenI pachI "ahIM madhura vagere zaMkha zabdanA dharmo hovA ghaTe che, nahIM ke khara, karkaza evA dhanuSyanA zabdanA dharmo AvI vizeSavicAraNArUpa IhA thaze. Ama "A zabda che AvA sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka jJAnane arthAvagraha mAno. uttarapakSa : "A rUpAdithI bhinna che" Avo nirNaya thayA vinA "A zabda che' evo nirNaya thaI zakto nathI ane anya padArthonI vyAvRttinA jJAnapUrvaka je jJAna thAya te vizeSanA pratibhAsarUpa hovAthI apAya ja kahevAya, arthAvagraha nahIM. jo ke ahIM AvuM kahI zakAya che ke zabdanuM jJAna e to sAmAnyaviSayaka jJAna ja kahevAya ane tenI pachI thanArA "A zaMkhano zabda che' ityAdi jJAna vizeSaviSayaka che. tethI sAmAnyagrAhI evA "zabdoDayuM' evA jJAnane arthAvagraha kahI zakAze paNa e barAbara nathI. kAraNa ke ema to badhA ja vizeSagrAhI jJAna svottaravartI adhika vizeSagrAhIjJAna karatA stokavizaSagrAhI hovAthI sAmAnyagrAhI banaze tethI A rIte to badhA ja jJAna arthAvagraha ja banaze. apAyajJAnanI zakyatA ja nahIM rahe. vaLI, kahevAmAM "A zabda che' evA sAmAnya-vizeSagrAhI nizcayAtmaka jJAnane jo arthAvagraha kaho to bIjo paNa doSa Avaze. jayAM sudhI zabdagata anvayadharmo (= zabdavAdi) nuM grahaNa zabdabhinna evA rUpa-rasAdithI vyAvRttarUpe na thAya tyAM sudhI "A zabda che' evo nizcaya (ke jene tame arthAvagraha kaho cho te) thaI zake nahIM. have zabdagata anvayadharmonuM tabhinnathI vyAvRttipUrvakanuM grahaNa tyAre ja thAya ke jyAre tAdazagrahaNapUrve vimarzAtmaka (= vicAraNAtmaka) "ihA' nAmanuM jJAna thayuM hoya. ajJAta padArthomAM IhA thaI zake nahIM tethI pahelA arthagrahaNa, pachI ihA ane pachI ja "A zabda che' evuM nirNayAtmakazAna thaI zake. A krama che. eTale tame jene arthAvagraha kaho cho te pUrve arthagrahaNa mAnavuM paDaze. paNa te to vyaMjanAvagrahakALa che jemAM vyakta bodha hoto ja nathI. tethI ukta nizcayAtmaka

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48 jaina tarkabhASA riti; maivam; azabdavyAvRttyA vizeSapratibhAsenAsyA'pAyatvAt stokagrahaNasyottarottarabhedApekSayA vyavasthitatvAt / kiJca, 'zabdo'yam' iti jJAnaM zabdagatAnvayadharmeSu rUpAdivyAvRttiparyAlocanarUpAmIhAM vinA'nupapannam, sA ca nAgRhIte'rthe sambhavatIti tadgrahaNamasmadabhyupagatArthAvagrahakAlAt prAk pratipattavyam, sa ca vyaJjanAvagrahakAlo'rthaparizUnya iti yatkiJcidetat / nanvanantaram 'ka eSa zabdaH' iti zabdatvAvAntaradharmaviSayakehAnirdezAt 'zabdo'yam' ityAkAra evAvagraho'bhyupeya iti cet, na; 'zabdaH zabdaH' iti bhASakeNaiva bhaNanAt, arthAvagrahe'vyaktazabdazravaNasyaiva sUtre nirdezAt, avyaktasya ca sAmAnyarUpatvAdanAkAropayogarUpasya cAsya tanmAtraviSayatvAt / yadi ca vyaJjanAvagraha evAvyaktazabdagrahaNamiSyate tadA so'pyarthAvagrahaH syAt, arthasya grahaNAt / uttarakAlaM tu 'prAyo mAdhuryAdayaH zaGkhazabdadharmA iha ghaTante, na tu zArGgadharmA kharakarkazatvAdaya' iti vimarzabuddhirIhA, tasmAt, 'zAla evAyaM zabda' iti tadvizeSastvapAyo'stu iti zaGkAkarturabhiprAyaH / uttarayati 'maivami'tyAdinA / azabdavyAvRttyeti rUparasAdivyAvRttyetyarthaH / na ca idaM zabdabuddhimAtrakaM jJAnaM zabdamAtrastokavizeSAvasAyitvAt stokavizeSagrAhakamato'pAyo na bhavati, kintvavagraha evAyaM, shaakhjJAnane arthAvagraha kahevAnI vAta barAbara nathI. pUrvapakSa : "A zabda che' evAM jJAna pachI "A kayo zabda che ? zaMkhano ? ke dhanuSyano?" ityAdirUpa zabda-AvAntaradharmaviSayaka (arthAtuM, zabdatvavyApyadharmAntara = zAMkhatvAdidharmaviSayaka) IhA utpanna thAya che. tethI "A zabda che evA jJAnane arthAvagraha kahevo joIe (naMdisUtramAM kahyuM che ke "ne 3 nArU ko vesa satti' = A kyo zabda che te pramAtA) jANato nathI.) uttarapakSa : "A kyo zabda haze ?" evo je saMzaya paDe che temAM "zabda" evo zabdaprayoga to vaktA = sUtrakAra svayaM kare che. vAstavika pratItimAM to "A zuM haze" evA AkAravALI ja IhA thAya che, "A kyo zabda haze' evA AkAravALI IhA thatI nathI. kAraNa ke naMdisUtramAM kahyuM paNa che ke "se nehA nAmag Du puri avvatta sadaM sukhokhkhatti' = te pramAtA puruSe avyakta zabda sAMbhaLyo. AnA parathI spaSTa phalita thAya che ke arthAvagraha e avyakta bodharUpa che ane avyaktabodha tene ja kahevAya ke je sAmAnyabodharUpa hoya. ahIM mAtra zabdarUpe sAmAnyatva mAnIne tenI pachI zAkhazabdAdirUpe vizeSatva mAnavAnI vAta paNa barAbara nathI. kAraNa ke sUtramAM arthAvagrahane anAkAropayogarUpa kahyo che. (prastuta granthakAre paNa arthAvagrahanA lakSaNamAM grAhyaviSayanA svarUpa-nAma-jAti AdithI rahita, eTale ke sAkAratA rahita evA bodhane arthAvagraha kahyo che.) anAkAropayoga sAmAnyamAtraviSayaka hoya che. tethI zabdavarUpe thayelA "A zabda che evA ullekhamAM vizeSa aMza jaNAto hovAthI tene arthAvagraha kahI na zakAya. jemAM koI ja vizeSa na jaNAya, mAtra kaMIka che' evo avyakta sAmAnyaviSayaka bodha thAya tene ja arthAvagraha samajavo. (vaLI, 'o vena satti' mAM "zabda" evo zabdaprayoga to granthakAra kare che e vAtanuM pramANa naMdisUtranA ja "vatta saMdde surnotta' e pAThamAMthI maLe che. jo "avyakta' pada kahyuM pachI zabdano

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pramANapariccheda 49 bodha zI rIte saMgata thAya ? tethI "zabda" pada granthakAre pote jaNAvyuM che.) pUrvapakSa: 'avyakta' zabdano prayoga zAstramAM jyAM thayelo jaNAya te vyaMjanAvagraha vize jANavA pachI "A zabda che' evo bodhane arthAvagraha kahevAmAM koI bAdha nathI. uttarapakSa : tame AvuM mAnazo to pachI vyaMjanAvagrahane paNa arthAvagraha mAnavo paDaze. kAraNa ke vyaMjanAvagrahamAM arthanI pratIti thatI nathI ane arthAvagrahamAM sAmAnyarUpe arthapratIti thAya che. e ja to vyaMjanAvagraha ane arthAvagraha vacceno bheda che. tAtparya e che ke sUtramAM to vyaMjanAvagraha ane arthAvagraha banne jaNAvyA che. vyaMjanAvagrahamAM avyakta arthabodha mAnavAthI tene arthAvagraha kahevo paDaze. kAraNa ke arthAvagrahamAM batAvyuM che tethI banne ekarUpa thaI jaze. AvI Apatti na Ave mATe arthAvagrahane AkArarahita mAnavo ja yogya che anyathA sUtravirodha Avaze. * athavagraha vize wlAknA mantavyano nirAsa 9 pUrvapakSa : samasta vizeSa aMzothI rahita evuM sAmAnyajJAna to tatkAlotpanna bALakane thAya ke jene saMketAdinI eTale ke vAcya-vAcakabhAvanI kAMI jANakArI ja nathI hotI. bAkI je vyakti samajaNavALo che eTale ke saMketAdinI jANakArIvALo che tene to zabda sAMbhaLatA ja vizeSAMzanuM jJAna thaze. AvA gRhatasaMketa puruSanI apekSAe ja naMdisUtramAM "tena "zabda' rUvagRhIta' (te 'sade 'tti uI[dig) evuM kahyuM che. arthAt, naMdisUtramAM arthAvagrahamAM je zabdapratIti jaNAvI che te gRhatasaMketa puruSanI apekSAe che. AvuM mAnI levAthI sUtravirodha raheto nathI. (A mata pramANe avagraha be jAtanA thayA. (1)tatkAlotpanna bALekanA sAmAnyamAtraviSayaka avyaktajJAnarUpa. (2) viSayothI paricita banelA puruSanA sAmAnya-vizeSajJAnarUpa.) uttarapakSa H A vAta barAbara nathI. jo bALaka karatA paricitaviSayavALA hovAthI puruSane arthAvagrahamAM vizeSabodha thaI zakto hoya to pachI tenA karatA paNa je vizeSa paricitaviSayavALo che tene tenA karatA paNa adhika vizeSAMzaviSayaka arthAvagraha thaze. (arthAt, "A zabda che eTalA jJAnathI AgaLa vadhIne "A zaMkhano zabda che' ityAdi adhika vizeSAMzAvagAhI jJAna arthAvagrahakALe thAya che ema mAnavuM paDaze.) kAraNa ke lokonA viSayaparicaya, saMketajJAnAdinI bAbatamAM cUnAdhikatA (taratamatA) to rahevAnI ja. A Apattine tame iSTApatti kahIne svIkArI paNa nahIM zako kAraNa ke naMdisUtramAM '3 nADu jo veta satti' = "A kyo zabda che tene te jANato nathI" AvuM ja kahyuM che te sarvamAnya rIte sarvajIvo mATe kahevAyuM che. pachI te bALaka hoya ke paricitaviSayavALo puruSa hoya ke atyaMta paricitaviSayavALo puruSa hoya. puruSa bhede arthAvagrahanA svarUpamAM koI bheda pADI zakAya tema nathI. kAraNa ke game tevI tIvra medhAvALo puruSa paNa dharmigrahaNa vinA dharmigata anekavizeSonuM grahaNa karI zakto nathI. have jayAre dharmAnuM ja grahaNa thayuM na hoya tyAre tagata vizeSadharmonuM jJAna paricitaviSayavALA puruSane paNa zI rIte thaI zake ? tethI arthAvagrahakALe vizeSAMzagrahaNa mAnI zakAya tema nathI. 1. jo ke pUrve vyaMjanAvagrahamAM atyaMta avyakta artha bodha svIkAryo che. tema chatAM te nizcayanayathI jANavo. vyavahAranaya arthAvagrahathI ja arthabodhanI zarUAta mAne che ane A mukhya prasiddha mata che.

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50 jaina tarkabhASA kecittu - 'saGketAdivikalpavikalasya jAtamAtrasya bAlasya sAmAnyagrahaNam, paricitaviSayasya tvAdyasamaya eva vizeSajJAnamityetadapekSayA 'tena zabda ityavagRhIta' iti nAnupapannami'tyAhuH, tanna; evaM hi vyaktatarasya vyaktazabdajJAnamatikramyApi subahuvizeSagrahaprasaGgAt / na ceSTApattiH; 'na punarjAnAti ka eSa zabda' iti sUtrAvayavasyAvizeSeNoktatvAt, prakRSTamaterapi zabdaM dharmiNamagRhItvottarottarasubahudharmagrahaNAnupapattezca / anye tu 'AlocanapUrvakamarthAvagrahamAcakSate, tatrAlocanamavyaktasAmAnyagrAhi, arthAvagrahastvitaravyAvRttavastusvarUpagrAhIti na sUtrAnupapattiH' iti tadasat; yata AlocanaM vyaJjanA-vagrahAt pUrvaM syAt, pazcAdvA, sa eva vA ? nAdyaH; arthavyaJjanasambandhaM vinA tdyogaat| na dvitIyaH; vyaJjanAvagrahAntyasamaye'rthAvagrahasyaivotpAdAdAlocanAnavakAzAt / na tRtIyA; vyaJjanAvagrahasyaiva nAmAntarakaraNAta, tasya cArthazUnyatvenArthAlocanAnupapatteH / kiJca, Alocane-nehAM vinA jhaTityevArthAvagrahaH kathaM janyatAm ? yugapaccehAvagraho pRthagasaGkhyeyasamayamAnau zabdo'yami'tyAdivizeSaNaviziSTajJAnasyaivApAyatvaM bRhadvizeSAvasAyitvAditi vAcyam apAyakathAviplavaprasa arthAvagrahamAM vizeSagrahaNa mAnI zakAya nahIM ? pUrvapakSa : AbAlagopAla badhA ja jJAtAone sauthI pahelA sAmAnyagrAhI avyakta evuM AlocanajJAna (nirvikalpakajJAna) thAya che ane e sAmAnyajJAna pachI vizeSajJAna thAya che. e vizeSajJAnamAM jaNAto padArtha, tabhinna anya padArthothI vyAvRttirUpe (bhinnarUpe) jaNAya che. pUrvanuM jJAna Alocana che, pachInuM jJAna arthAvagraha che. AvuM mAnI levAthI tenA zabda tyavagRhItaH' e sUtranI asaMgati nahIM rahe kAraNa ke arthAvagrahamAM ame zabdavarUpe zabdajJAna mAnyuM ja che. uttarapakSa : A vAta paNa barAbara nathI. tame je AlocanajJAnane arthAvagrahanuM kAraNa kaho cho te AlocanajJAna vyaMjanAvagrahanI pUrve thAya che ? tenI pachI thAya che ? ke vyaMjanAvagraha e ja AlocanajJAna che ? A traNa vikalpo che. AmAMthI prathama vikalpa barAbara nathI kAraNa ke arthajJAna mATe zabdAdi artha ane kAna vagere indriyano saMbaMdha Avazyaka che. A saMbaMdha vyaMjanAvagraha pUrve utpanna thaI zakto nathI. (kAraNa ke tAdazasaMbaMdha e ja to vyaMjanAvagraha che.) bIjo vikalpa paNa barAbara nathI kAraNa ke vyaMjanAvagrahanA aMtyasamaye to arthAvagraha ja utpanna thaI jAya che. tethI te bannenI vacce AlocanajJAnane koI avakAza raheto nathI. have chello vikalpa svIkAro to tame vyaMjanAvagrahanuM ja bIjuM nAma pADyuM che. ame jene vyaMjanAvagraha kahIye chIe tene ja tame AlocanajJAna kahyuM ane vyaMjanAvagraha to arthalocanathI rahita che tethI vyaMjanAvagrahakALe sAmAnyagrAhI evuM koI jJAna paNa saMbhavatuM nathI. vaLI, tamArA mata pramANe to "A zabda che' evo zabdavarUpe thato nizcaya e arthAvagraha che. IhA vinA to nizcaya thaI zakto nathI evo niyama che tethI vyaMjanAvagraharUpa AlocanajJAna, pachInI ja kSaNe sIdhuM ja nizcayAtmakajJAnane utpanna karI na zake, vacce ihAnI jarUra paDe. A ApattimAMthI bacavA

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pramANapariccheda kathaM ghaTetAm ? iti vicAraNIyam / nanvavagrahe'pi kSipretarAdibhedapradarzanAdasaGkhayeyasamayamAnatvam, vizeSaviSayatvaM cAviruddhamiti cet, na; tattvatasteSAmapAyabhedatvAt, kAraNe kAryopacAramAzrityAvagrahabhedatvapratipAdanAt, avizeSaviSaye vizeSaviSayatvasyAvAstavatvAt / GgAt / uttarottaravizeSagrAhiNAmapi jJAnAnAM taduttarottarabhedApekSayA stokatvAdapAyatvAbhAvo bhAvanIyaH / prakArAntareNa zakate 'nanvi'tyAdinA - kSipramavagRhNAti, cireNAvagRhNAti, bahvavagRhNAti, ababavagRhNAti, bahuvidhamavagRhNAti ityAdidvAdazabhirvizeSaNairvizeSitA matiprabhedAH zAstrAntare dRzyante'trApi ca vakSyanta iti kathamarthAvagrahasyaikasAmayikatve kSipraciragrahaNavizeSaNamupapadyata iti cirkaaliko'pyrthaavgrho'bhyupeyH| evaM bahu-bahuvidhagrahaNamapi avyaktasAmAnyamAtragrAhitve'rthAvagrahasya dUramutsAritaM syAdato vizeSaviSayako'pyarthAvagraho'bhyupeya iti bahu-bahuvidhAdinAnAbhedApekSayA'rthAvagrahasya kvacit sAmAnyagrahaNaM kvacicca vizeSagrahaNaM ityubhayamapyaviruddham iti shngkaagrnthaarthH| tamuttarayati 'ne'tyAdinA bahubahuvidhAdivizeSagrahaNasya sAmAnyArthagrahaNehAbhyAM vinA'nupapattenizcayatasteSAmapAyabhedatvameva yuktam / mATe jo tame evo tukko lagAvo ke "ahA ane avagraha banne eka ja sAthe utpanna thAya che to paNa kAMI vaLe tema nathI. kAraNa ke asaMkhya samayavALA IhA ane arthAvagraha eka sAthe zI rIte saMbhave? kAraNa ke IhA e vimarzAtmaka takarUpa ane anizcayAtmaka che. jayAre arthAvagraha (tamArA mate) nizcayAtmaka che. eka ja viSayanA nizcaya-anizcaya eka sAthe rahetA nathI e paNa vicAravuM rahyuM. Ama, arthAvagrahamAM vizeSagrahaNa koI rIte ghaTI zakatuM nathI. * kSiprAdi avagrahabhedo tattvataH apAyanA che * pUrvapakSa avagrahanA bahu, bahuvidha, kSipra, akSipra vagere bAra bhedo Ave che. temAM je jaldIthI jaNAya tene kSipra avagraha kahyo ane jaldI na jaNAya tene akSipra avagraha kahyo. tethI siddha thAya che ke arthAvagrahano kALa jema eka samayano che tema cirakALano (asaMkhya samayano) paNa che. A ja rIte aneka vAjiMtro vAgatA hoya tyAre "A zaMkhano dhvani che', "A vINAno dhvani che'... e rIte pRthapha pRthapha vAjiMtro nA dhvaninuM grahaNa karI zake tene "bahu avagraha' kahyo che. emAM paNa jo te te dhvanigata maMdava-tIvratAdi aneka paryAyone paNa je jANI zake tene bahuvidha avagraha' kahyo che. AthI jaNAya che ke arthAvagrahamAM vizeSAMzanuM grahaNa hoya che. are ! avagrahanA vakSyamANa bAra bhedomAM eka bheda che. "asaMdigdha avagraha'. AnA parathI e paNa siddha thAya che ke arthAvagraha nizcayAtmaka paNa hoI zake che tethI arthAvagrahamAM sAmAnya-vizeSa bannenuM grahaNa thaI zake che e vAta siddha thAya che. "A zabda che' evo spaSTa arthAvagraha zrInaMdisUtramAM jaNAvyo paNa che. tethI arthAvagraha vizeSajJAna, nizcayAtmakatA, asaMkhyasamayakAlInatva vageremAM paraspara koI virodha jaNAto nathI. uttarapakSa : tamArI vAta yogya nathI kAraNa ke bahu-bahuvidha-kSiprAdi bhedo vAstavamAM to apAyanA ja che. kAraNamAM kAryopacAra karIne tene avagrahanA bhedarUpe jaNAvyA che. avagrahAtmaka

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jaina tarkabhASA athavA avagraho dvividhaH naizcayikaH, vyAvahArikazca / AdyaH sAmAnyamAtragrAhI, dvitIyazca vizeSaviSayaH taduttaramuttarottaradharmAkAGkSArUpehApravRtteH, anyathA'vagrahaM vinehAnutthAnaprasaGgAt / atraiva kSipretarAdibhedasaGgatiH, ata eva coparyupari jJAnapravRttirUpasantAnavyavahAra iti draSTavyam / 'athavA'iti - prathamaM naizcayike'rthAvagrahe rUpAdibhyo'vyAvRttamavyaktaM zabdAdivastusAmAnyaM gRhItaM tatastasminnIhite sati zabdatvaprakArakanizcayaH 'zabda evAyami'tyAkArako'pAyarUpo bhavati / tadanantaraM tu 'zabdo'yaM kiM zAGkhaH zArgo vA' ityAdizabdavizeSaviSayiNI punarIhA pravartiSyate, zAGkhatvaprakArakaH 'zAGkha evAyaM zabda' ityAdizabdavizeSaviSayako'pAyazca yo bhaviSyati tadapekSayA prAktananizcayo'pAyo'pi sannupacArAdarthAvagraho bhaNyate / yasmAcca vizeSAt parataH pramAtustajjijJAsA vinivartate so'ntyo vizeSo jJeyaH / tamantyaM vizeSaM yAvad vyAvahArikArthAvagrahehA'pAyArthaM sAmAnyavizeSApekSA kartavyA / na caivaM krameNa antyavizeSaM yAvadIhApAyasantateH vicchinnA'rthAvagrahakatheti vAcyam, AdyasyAvyaktasya sAmAnyamAtragocarasyaikasAmayikasya jJAnasyArthAvagrahatve'napAyAt / ayameva ca naizcayiko nirupacarito'rthAvagrahaH / vyAvahArikasya tasya tu uttarottarehA'pAyApekSayA eSyadvizeSApekSayaiva copacAranimittabhUtayA'rthAvagrahatvamiti phalitArthaH / kAraNamAM nizcayAtmaka apAyarUpa kAryane utpanna karavAnI yogyatA che. A yogyatAnI apekSAe avagrahamAM apAyanA svarUpane upacArathI mAnI laIne ja avagrahanA ukta bhedo batAvyA che. AvuM mAnavAnuM kAraNa e che ke sUtramAM arthAvagrahano viSaya sAmAnya che, vizeSa nahIM evuM jaNAvAyuM che. tethI je jJAnano viSaya vizeSa na hoya temAM vizeSaviSayatA je batAvavAmAM Ave tene atAtvika (upacarita) ja mAnavI paDe. - nizcaya-vyavahAranI apekSAe avagrahanA be bheda athavA, kSiprAdi vakSyamANa bhedone upacarita na mAnatA avagrahanA ja anupacarita bhedarUpe paNa nayasApekSa rIte tene mAnI zakAya che. nizcaya ane vyavahAranayanI apekSAe avagraha be prakAranA che. (1)naizcayika arthAvagraha (2) vyAvahArika arthAvagraha. nizcayanayano arthAvagraha sAmAnyamAtragrAhI che eTale ke temAM zabdanuM jJAna avyakta sAmAnyarUpe thaze. A jJAnamAM zabda, rUpa-rasAdithI vyAvRttarUpe jaNAto nathI. tyAra pachI "kAnathI saMbhaLAyo che mATe A zabda ja hovo joIe" ityAdirUpe IhA utpanna thaze. tyArabAda "A zabda ja che " evo nizcayAtmaka bodha thaze ke jene apAya kahevAya che. hA, tyArabAda paNa "A zaMkhano zabda haze ke vINAno ?' ityAdi vizeSaviSayaka jijJAsArUpa IhA thaze, tyArabAda "A amukano ja zabda che' ityAdirUpe punaH apAya thaze. have ahIM, "A zabda che' evo je prathama apAya thayo tenI pachI vizeSa AkAMkSArUpa IhA utpanna thatI hovAthI te prathama apAyajJAnane vyavahAranayanI apekSAe arthAvagraha paNa kahevAya che. tAtparya e che ke - jenI pachI IhA ane apAya pravarte tathA je sAmAnyagrAhI hoya tene arthAvagraha kahevAya. have prathama apAya pachI pharIthI vizeSaviSayaka IhA-apAya pravarte che ane "A zaMkhano ja zabda che'

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pramANapariccheda pa3 ___ avagRhItavizeSAkAGkSaNamIhA, vyatirekadharmanirAkaraNaparo'nvayadharmaghaTanapravatto bodha iti vyAvahArikArthAvagrahAbhyupagame sati pAzcAtyehotthAnamuttaravizeSagrahaNamuparyuparijJAnapravRttirUpasantAnena ca lokarUDhasAmAnyavizeSa vyavahAra etatsarvaM ghaTate, nAnyathA / evaM vyAkhyAne'pi sUtrAvirodha upapadyate, 'tena zabda ityavagRhItaH' ityatra vivakSAbalena vizeSavijJAnasya sAMvyavahArikArthAvagrahe yujyamAnatvAt / navaramupacaritatvAdasya, mukhyamavagrahatvaM tu pUrvoktasyaiveti pravacanavRddhAH / atredaM pratibhAti - vyaJjanAvagrahAntyasamaya evaikasAmayiko naizcayiko'rthAvagraha prAdurbhavati, sa eva ca dvitIyAdisamayAdArabhya vyAvahAriko'rthAvagraho'bhidhIyate / tayorapAntarAle samayAnavakAzAdeva AlocanajJAnapUrvakatvamarthAvagrahasya prAk pratiSiddhaM grnthkRtaa| tatpUrvakatvamarthAvagrahasya granthAntareSu pratipAditamasti / tathAhi - 'viSayaviSayisannipAtAnantaramudbhUtasattAmAtragocaradarzanAjjAtamAdyamavAntarasAmAnyAkAraviziSTavastugrahaNamavagraha iti' (pra.na.tattvAloke 2/7) 'avyaktaM yathAsvamindriyairviSayANAmAlocanAvadhAraNamavagrahaH' iti (tattvArthabhASye) 'akSArthayoge darzanAnantaramarthagrahaNamarthAvagraha' iti (pramANamImAMsAyam 1/1/26) cetyAdi / yadyapi etAni vyAvahArikArthavagrahalakSaNAnIti samAdhAtuM zakyata eva, tathApi darzanapUrvakatvamarthAvagrahasya yattatroktamasti tatkathaM samAdheyamiti cet, atrocyate, ItyAkAraka dvitIya apAyanI apekSAe "A zabda ja che' evo nizcayarUpa prathama apAya e sAmAnya prakAzaka ja che tethI tene vyavahArathI arthAvagraha paNa kahevAya. (A rIte paraspara sApekSabhAve sAmAnya ane vizeSano vyavahAra tyAM sudhI cAle ke jayAM sudhI jJAtAnI jijJAsA nivRtta na thAya. dA.ta. A zaMkhano zabda devadatta karyo haze ke yajJadatte ?.. ityAdi rUpe aMtima nizcaya jayAM thAya te aMtima apAya.) bahu-bahuvidha-kSipra-asaMdigdha Adi arthAvagrahanA je bhedo batAvyA che te badhA bhedo A vyAvahArika arthAvagrahanA ja jANavA. uttarottara kALamAM eka pachI eka jJAna je utpanna thatA jAya che te jJAnaparaMparAne jJAnasaMtAna kahevAya che. uttarottara jJAnapravRttirUpa evA A jJAnasaMtAnamAM, uttara-uttara jJAnonI apekSAe pUrvapUrvajJAnane sAmAnya kahevAno ane pUrva-pUrvajJAnanI apekSAe uttara-uttara jJAnane vizeSa kahevAno je ApekSika sAmAnya-vizeSavyavahAra thato dekhAya che, te paNa Avo vyAvahArika avagraha mAnavAthI ja saMgata thaI zake tema che. jo vyAvahArika avagraha mAnavAmAM na Ave to pachI prathama apAya pachI pharI vizeSakAMkSArUpa IhA utpanna ja na thavI joIe ane tethI uttarajJAnIya vizeSanuM agrahaNa ja mAnavuM paDe ane pUrvokta lokapratIta ApekSika sAmAnya-vizeSano vyavahAra ja UDI jAya. tethI vizeSagrAhI (ane uttarajJAnanI apekSAe sAmAnyagrAhI) evo vyAvahArika arthAvagraha mAnavo ja paDe. hA, e vAta khAsa dhyAnamAM rAkhavI ke nizcayano je arthAvagraha che teno viSaya avyakta sAmAnya ja che. kAraNa ke tenI pUrve ko'ka sAmAnyajJAna hota to tenI apekSAe vizeSajJAna banI zakata. paraMtu evuM na hovAthI naiRRyika avagraha to mAtra avyaktasAmAnyaviSayaka ja che. temaja na thayika avagraha eka samayano hoya che. jyAre vyAvahArika arthAvagraha asaMkhya samayano hoya che.

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54 jaina tarkabhASA yAvat, yathA 'zrotragrAhyatvAdinA prAyo'nena zabdena bhavitavyam' 'madhuratvAdidharmayuktatvAt zAGkhAdinA' vA iti / na ceyaM saMzaya eva; tasyaikatra dharmiNi viruddhanAnArthajJAnarUpatvAt, naizcayikArthAvagrahasya darzanarUpatvasvIkArAtsarvaM susthaM syAt / kiJca, jJAnasya sAkAropayogarUpatayA svasaMviditatvamasti, darzanasya punarnirAkAropayogarUpatayA na svasaMviditatvam / naizcayikArthAvagraho'pi nirAkAra eva sUtre pratipAditaH / tathA ca prayogaH - naizcayikAvagraho darzanarUpaH upayogarUpatve sati svasaMviditatvAbhAvAt yannaivaM tannaivaM yathA jJAnam / ghaTAdAvativyAptivAraNArthaM satyantaM hetuvizeSaNam / nirAkAratvasAmAnyamAtrAgocaratvAdikaM sarvaM darzanavad naizcayikArthAvagrahe'pi samAnameva / itthameva ca zrIhemacandrasUriNoktA darzanasya avagrahapariNAmikAraNatA'pi uppdyte| taduktaM 'akSArthayoge sati 'darzanam' = anullikhitavizeSasya vastunaH pratipattiH, tadanantaramiti kramapratipAdanArthametat / etena darzanasyAvagrahaM prati pariNAmitoktA' (pra.mI.1/1/26 vRttau)| na ca kathaM darzanasya pramANakoTibahirbhAvaH prakRtagranthakArasaMdarzita upapadyeta, darzanasyAvagraharUpatve tasya jJAnabhedatvena pramANakoTiniviSTatvAditi vAcyam, matyaMzatve'pi naizcayikArthAvagrahasya pravRttinivRttivyavahArAkSamatvAdeva na prmaannkottiprvesho| vyAvahArikArthAvagrahAdArabhyaiva pramANakoTiparigaNanAditi brUmaH / tadevaM naizcayikArthAvagrahadarzanayoravailakSaNyaM zabdato'sadapi arthataH prtibhaati| kiJca, vivakSitavastvavagamArambhe chadmasthAnAM prathamaM tAvad darzanopayoga tadanantaraJca jJAnopayoga ityAgame prasiddhaM tadapi naizcayikArthAvagrahasya darzanarUpatve nirvahati, naizcayikArthAvagraheNaiva vivakSitavastvavagamArambhAt / kevalaM naizcayikArthAvagrahasyaikasAmayikatvaM Agamaprasiddha darzanasya punarantamauhurtikatvamiti vailakSaNyamavaziSyata iti paryAlocyamidaM paryupAsitagurukulaiH / ___ 'na ceyaM saMzaya eveti - nanvanizcayasvAbhAvyAdIhA saMzayajJAnAnna bhidyata iti cet, na, saMzayapUrvakatvAdIhAyA saMzayAd bhedaH / avagrahehayorantarAle'bhyaste'pi viSaye saMzayajJAnamastyeva, AzubhAvAttu nopalakSyata iti pUrvottarakAlabhAvitvAdanayoH kAlakRto bhedaH / evaM svarUpakRto'pi bhedaH samasti, saMzayasyaikasmin dharmiNi viruddhanAnAdharmAvagAhitayA dolAyamAnasvabhAvatvAd, IhAyAstu smbhaavnaaprtyysvbhaavtvaat| calitapratipattirUpaH saMzayaH, saMzayitasya pramAturuttarakAlaM vizeSalipsAyAM pratipatanamIheti je apAya pachI vizeSadharmane jANavA mATe IhA ane taduttaravartI apAya thatA hoya te prathama apAya vyAvahArika arthAvagraha bane che. je apAya pachI vizeSaviSayaka IhA-apAya na thAya tene mAtra apAya ja kahevAya. te vyAvahArika arthAvagraha banI zakto nathI eTaluM khAsa samajI rAkhavuM. A rIte arthAvagrahanuM nirUpaNa ahIM pUrNa thayuM. * JhAnu ni35e| * have kramaprApta IhAnuM nirUpaNa kare che. sauprathama IhAnuM lakSaNa (= svarUpa) jaNAve che. zabdAdi je padArthano avagraha thayo hoya te ja padArtha vize vizeSa AkAMkSA thavI tene "IhA' kahevAya che. A 5 ' mevo (naizcayi) avi thy| pachI // 35 ze? 3 24. use ? 3 206 ze? nA, AMkha vagereno viSaya na banatA kAnathI saMbhaLAyo mATe A zabda hovo joIe AvI saMzayapUrvakanI

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pramANapariccheda 55 asyAzca nizcayAbhimukhatvena vilakSaNatvAt / Ihitasya vizeSanirNayo'vAya:, yathA 'zabda evAyam', 'zAGkha evAyamiti vA / skssepH| tadevaM vyatirekadharmanirAkaraNaparo'nvayadharmaghaTanapravRttazcApAyAbhimukha eva bodha IhA dRSTavyA / na ca kathaM tIhAyAH pramANatvaM syAt, tasyA api nizcayasvabhAvatvAyogAt tathAtve cApAyeSvantarbhAvAt, anizcayasvabhAvAyA api tasyAH pramANatve kimaparAddhaM saMzayeneti vAcyam, nizcayAbhimukhatvena tatra pramANatvopacArAt, paramArthatastu tasyA darzanabhedatvenaiva pratipAdanAt / tathA coktaM bhASye - nANamavAyadhiIo dasaNamiTuM jahoggahehAo (vize.bhA.gA.536) na caivaM 'AbhiNibohiyanANe aTThAvIsaM havaMti payaDIo'2 ityAdinA pratipAditasya matijJAnASTAviMzatividhatvasya bhaGga iti vAcyam, 'yato matijJAnacakSurAdidarzanayorbhedamavivakSayitvA tathApratipAdane'pi na doSa iti pUjyA vyAcakSata' iti zrIabhayadevasUraya (vyaakhyaaprjnyptivivara zatara 8, 30 2, pR. 357) phatyanta prasaTTonA IhA ca yadyapi ceSTocyate kintu cetanasya seti jJAnarUpaiveti yuktaM prtykssprbhedtvmsyaaH| IhAUhA-tarka-parIkSA-vicAraNA-jijJAsetyanarthAntaram / vakSyamANatarkapramANaM traikAlikasAdhyasAdhanagrahaNapaTu, ata eva ca tasya parokSapramANatvaM, IhA tu vArtamAnikArthaviSayA, ata eva cAsyAH pratyakSaprabhedatvamiti vyktmnyorbhedH| ane nizcaya tarapha DhaLatI vizeSavicAraNA te IhA. pachI "A zabda ja che evo nirNaya te apAya. Ane vyAvahArika arthAvagraha paNa kahevAya che. tyArabAda "A zaMkhano zabda haze ke dhanuSyano? nA, zabdamAM karkazatA nathI paNa madhuratA jaNAya che tethI A zaMkhano zabda hovo joIe" evI IhA, tyArabAda "A zaMkhano ja zabda che' evo apAya (vyAvahArika arthAvagraha) A rIte jANavuM. zaMkA : tame IhAmAM anizcayAtmakatA jaNAvo cho to IhAjJAna ane saMzayajJAna banne ekarUpa thaI gayA. (ane je jJAna saMzayAtmaka hoya te pramANa kahevAtuM nathI evuM tame svayaM pramANanI vyAkhyAnA avasare kahI gayA cho). samA. IhA ane saMzaya vacce taphAvata che. eka ja padArthamAM be virodhI dharmo vaccenI dolAyamAna avasthAne saMzaya kahevAya che ane e bemAMthI saMbhavita jaNAtA eka dharmanA nizcaya tarapha DhaLatI vicAraNAne IhA kahevAya che. dA.ta. "A doraDuM haze ke sApa ?" AvI vicAraNA te saMzaya. "A doraDuM haze ke sApa? kaMIka halana-calana dekhAya che mATe sApa hovo joIe." AvI vicAraNA te IhA. (svAdAdaratnAkara granthamAM "IhA e saMzayapUrvaka hoya che ema kahIne te be vacce bheda jaNAvyo che. kAraNa ke "sva" kyAre paNa "sva-pUrvaka na ja hoI zake. IhAne saMzayapUrvaka kahevAthI ja phalita thAya che ke te be vacce pUrvottarabhAva che. tethI te be vacce bheda spaSTa che.) * apAyanuM svarUpa che IhA pachI apAya thAya tethI have yathAkrama apAyanuM svarUpa jaNAve che. je padArthanA vizeSa dharmanI 1. jJAnamapAyadhRtI darzanamiSTaM yathAvagrahehe / 2. AbhinibodhikajJAne'STAviMzatirbhavanti prakRtayaH /

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56 jaina takabhASA sa eva dRDhatamAvasthApanno dhAraNA, sA ca trividhA avicyutiH, smRtirvAsanA ca / tatraikArthopayogasAtatyAnivRttiH avicyutiH / tasyaivArthopayogasya kAlAntare 'tadeva' dhAraNAM lakSayannAha sa evetyAdi - nanvapAyAvicyutyoH kaH prativizeSaH samAnaviSayakatvAdanayoriti cet, satyam, samAnaviSayakatve'pi samasti kazcit prativizeSastathAhi - vyaavhaarikaarthaavgrhlkssnnpraacyaaIhA thaI hoya te ja padArthanA te vizeSadharmano nirNaya thavo te apAya (avAya) dA.ta. "A zabda ja che' evo nizcaya (A naiyika arthAvagraha pachInI IhA pachIno apAya che.) "A zaMkhano ja zabda che" evo nizcaya (A vyAvahArika arthAvagraha pachInI IhA pachIno apAya che.) * dhAraNAnuM svarUpa * apAya dvArA nirtIta thayelA padArthamAM amuka samaya sudhI niraMtara upayoga cAlu rahe che ane pUrve thayelo apAya, A niraMtara upayogathI daDha bane che. atyaMta daDha avasthAne pAmelA apAyane ja dhAraNA kahevAya che. A dhAraNAnA traNa prakAra che. avismRti, smRti ane vAsanA. jeno apAya thayelo che te ja viSayamAM nizcayAtmaka upayoganuM sAtatya jaLavAI rahevuM te avizruti. prathama vAra thayelo nirNaya apAya che. tyArabAda e ja vakhate "hA, barAbara, sthANuM ja che' vagere rUpe e upayoga doharAya te "avizruti che. AnAthI te upayoga daDha thAya che. jeTalI vAra doharAya eTalI vAra e badhA eka ja viSayanA hovA chatAM alaga alaga upayoga (dhArAvAhI jJAna) hoya che, eka diIrdhakAlIna jJAna nahIM. kAlAMtare, anya padArthanuM jJAna thavuM vagere kAraNe pahelAnA padArthanI avizruti naSTa thAya che. paNa tenA saMskAro AtmAmAM paDI jAya che. pachI, te pahelAnA padArtha vizenA arthopayoganuM AvAraka je karma hatuM teno kSayopazama AtmAmAM pragaTe che jenA dvArA bhaviSyamAM kyAreka indriyavyApArAdi sAmagrIthI punaH te ja arthopayoga smRtirUpe pragaTa thAya (arthAtu, te ja padArthanI smRti thAya.) A kSayopazamarUpavAsanA (saMskAra)thI thatI smRti e dhAraNAno bIjo bheda che. apAyathI AtmAmAM paDI jatA saMskAra, ke je kAlAMtare udbodhaka maLatA jAgrata thaIne smRtirUpa kAryane utpanna kare che te saMskArone vAsanA kahevAya che. A dhAraNAno trIjo bheda che. (ahIM eka vAta samajI rAkhavI ke saMskArathI smRti utpanna thatI hovAthI jema saMskAra e smRtinuM kAraNa che tema smRti dvArA te ja viSayanA pAchA navA saMskAra paNa utpanna thAya che ke je bhaviSyamAM punaH smRti utpanna karaze. A rIte saMskAra e smRtinuM kArya paNa che.) zaMkA : matijJAnanA nirUpaNanI zarUAtamAM tame tenA avagraha, IhA, apAya ane dhAraNA ema cAra bhedo jaNAvelA jyAre tame to vyaMjanAvagraha, arthAvagraha, IhA, apAya, avizruti, smRti ane vAsanA ema kula sAta bhedonI prarUpaNA karI tethI pUrvokta vibhAgano vyAghAta thaze. samA. : vyaMjanAvagraha ane arthAvagraha e bannemAM avagrahatva nAmano anugata dharma rahyo che ane avizruti, smRti ane vAsanAmAM dhAraNAtva nAmano anugata dharma rahyo che. A anugata dharma (sAmAnya) dvArA tenA avAntara vizeSone eka sAMkaLe bAMdhI zakAya che. jema ke ghaTanA raktaghaTa, nIlaghaTa vagere aneka bhedo hovA chatAM paNa te badhAmAM rahelA ghaTatva nAmanA anugata dharma dvArA badhA ghaTane AvarI zakAya che. prastutamAM avagrahatvarUpe vyaMjanAvagraha ane arthAvagraha e bannenuM grahaNa karyuM

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pramANapariccheda ityullekhena samunmIlanaM smRtiH / apAyAhitaH smRtihetuH saMskAro vAsanA / dvayoravagrahayoravagrahatvena ca tisRNAM dhAraNAnAM dhAraNA venopagrahAnna vibhAgavyAghAtaH / kecitu - apanayanamapAyaH, dharaNaM ca dhAraNeti vyutpattyarthamAtrAnusAriNaH 'asadbhUtArthapAyAnantaraM vizeSajijJAsAlakSaNehA pravartate, avicyutAvevaM nAsti tasyaivArthopayogasyAntarmuhUrtaM yAvadanuvRtterevAvicyutipadArthatvAditi / apAye vizeSajijJAsAnivRttivaiziSTyaM na sambhavati, avicyutau ca sambhavatIti vyaktamanayorbhedaH / vAsanAM lakSayati 'apAyAhita' ityAdinA apAyAhitaH avicyutisahakRtenApAyenAhita ityarthaH, na hyavAyamAtrAdavicyutirahitAt smRtirbhavati, gacchattRNasparzaprAyANAmapAyAnAM parizIlanavikalAnAM smRtijnktvaadrshnaat| smRtihetuH = atItAnusandhAnarUpAyAH smRterhetuH / ayambhAvaH shubhkriyaajnyaadRssttche tethI pUrvokta vibhAgano vyAghAta thato nathI. * apAya-dhAraNAno vyutpattilabhyaartha mAnanArA matano nirAsa * pUrvapakSa : vastunA asaMbhavita vizeSadharmano niSedha karavo tene apAya kahevAya ane saMbhavita vizeSadharmanuM avadhAraNa karavuM tene dhAraNA kahevAya. dA.ta. 'A puruSa nathI' evA niSedhane apAya kahevAya ane 'A sthANuM ja che' evA avadhAraNane dhAraNA kahevAya. apAya ane dhAraNA zabda ja sUcave che ke avanavanaM apAyaH jane avadhAraNaM = dhArA. niSedhanaM = = = : uttarapakSa : tame to ema kahevA mAMgo cho ke niSedhamukhe je nirNaya thAya tene apAya kahevAya ane vidhimukhe je nirNaya thAya tene dhAraNA kahevAya. paNa tamArI A mAnyatA yogya nathI. kAraNa ke vastunirNaya traNa rIte thaI zake che. (1) keTalAkane vivakSita vastuthI anya evA koI padArthanA vyatireka mAtrathI vikSita vastuno nirNaya thAya. dA.ta. ahIM puruSanA halana-calanAdi dharmo dekhAtA nathI mATe A sthANuM che. (2) keTalAkane vivakSita vastuno kevala anvayathI nirNaya thAya, dA.ta. ahIM sthANunA sthiratvAdi dharmo dekhAya che mATe A sthANuM che. (3) keTalAkane vivakSitavastuno anvaya ane tadanyano vyatireka, A ubhayathI nirNaya thAya. dA.ta. ahIM puruSanA halana-calanAdi dharmo dekhAtA nathI ane sthANunA sthiratvAdi dharmo dekhAya che mATe A sthANuM che. AnA parathI jaNAya che ke 'A sthANuM che' evo nirNaya ukta traNamAMthI koI paNa rIte thaI zake che tema chatAM paNa eka vAta nizcita che ke traNamAMthI anyatama rIte thatA ni yamAM nizcayatva to ekasarakhuM ja rahyuM che. tema chatAM jo niSedhamukhe thatA nirNayane apAya ane vi imukhe thatA nirNayane dhAraNA kahevAya evuM ja mAnazo to tamAre matijJAnanA cAra ne badale pAMca bheda mAnavAnI Apatti Avaze. avagraha, IhA, apAya ane dhAraNA A cAra bhedo to spaSTa che ja. a cyuti jo anvayadharmanA avadhAraNarUpa haze to teno samAveza svasamAnakAlabhAvI dhAraNAmAM thaze ane avicyuti jo vyatirekadharmanA avadhAraNarUpa haze to teno samAveza svasamAnakAlabhAvI apAyamAM thaze. va sanA (saMskAra)no samAveza smRtimAM thaze paNa bicArI smRti addhara laTakatI raheze. teno sakhAveza AmAMthI kyAMya thaze nahIM kAraNa ke tame to 'A sthANuM che' evA nirNayane dhAraNA ane 'A puruSa nathI' evA nirNayane apAya kaho cho paraMtu 57

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58 jaina tarkabhASA vizeSavyatirekAvadhAraNamapAya:, sadbhUtArthavizeSAvadhAraNaM ca dhAraNA' ityAhuH, tanna; kvacittadanyavyatirekaparAmarzAt, kvacidanvayadharmasamanugamAt, kvaciccobhAbhyAmapi bhavato'pAyasya nizcayaikarUpeNa bhedAbhAvAt, anyathA smRterAdhikyena mateH paJcabhedatvaprasaGgAt / atha nAstyeva bhavadabhimatA dhAraNeti bhedacatuSTayavyAghAta:; tathAhi-upayogoparame kA nAma dhAraNA ? upayogasAtatyalakSaNA avicyutizcApAyAnnAtiricyate / yA ca ghaTAdhupayogoparame saGkhayeyamasaGkhayeyaM vA kAlaM vAsanA'bhyupagamyate, yA ca 'tadeva' itilakSaNA smRtiH sA matyaMzarUpA dhAraNA na bhavati matyupayogasya prAgevoparatatvAt, kAlAntare jAyamAnopayoge'pyanvayamukhyAM dhAraNAyAM mRtino AkAra to A badhA karatA vilakSaNa hoya che. "te sthANuM hatuM" Avo AkAra ukta banne AkAro karatA judo che kAraNa ke 'A' ane 'te' nA svarUpamAM bheda spaSTa che. tethI ananyagatikatayA tamAre smRtine matijJAnanA pAMcamA bhedarUpa mAnavI paDaze. AthI ukta bhedasaMkhyAno vyAghAta thaze. pUrvapakSa : vyatirekamukhe thato nirNaya te apAya ane anvayamukhe thato nirNaya te dhAraNA evI amArI vAta mAno to ja matijJAnanA cAra bheda saMgata Tharaze. bAkI tamArI mAnyatA pramANe to matijJAnanA avagraha, IhA ane apAya e traNa ja bheda ghaTI zakaze. dhAraNA to UDI ja jaze. apAya pachI thatI dhAraNAnA je traNa bheda mAno cho temAMthI eka apAyamAM aMtarbhata thaze ane zeSa be aghaTamAna banaze. juo, niraMtara upayogarUpa je avizruti che te to apAya ja che kAraNa ke apAyanI jema te paNa nizcayAtmaka ja che. ane kadAca te nizcayAtmaka apAya vAraMvAra thAya to eTalA mAtrathI kAMI tenuM svarUpa badalAI jatuM nathI. kALabhede eka ja nizcaya anekavAra thaI zake che. tethI avizruti to apAyamAM ja samAviSTa thaI jaze. apAyathI saMskAra utpanna thAya che ke je apAya naSTa thayA pachI paNa ghaNA kALa sudhI AtmAmAM paDyA rahe che. A ja saMskArane tame vAsanA nAmanI dhAraNA kaho cho. paraMtu, vAsanA matijJAnanA aMzarUpa dhAraNA banI zake nahIM kAraNa ke matijJAna to anubhavajJAnAtmaka che jyAre vAsanA evI nathI. vaLI, jayAre matijJAnanA aMzarUpa dhAraNA vidyamAna na hoya tyAre ya vAsanA to vidyamAna hoya che. je vartamAna hoya te atItavastunA aMzarUpa zI rIte hoI zake ? hA, kAlAMtare pAcho te ja viSayano upayoga Ubho thAya ane te jo anvayamukhe thayo hoya to tene ame dhAraNA kahIzuM paNa tame to tene apAyamAM ja bheguM sAMkaLI lo cho tethI tamArA mate dhAraNA rahetI ja nathI. upayogakALe anvayamukhe thatA nizcayane dhAraNArUpe tame svIkAratA nathI (kAraNa ke tame tene paNa apAya ja kaho cho) ane upayoga naSTa thayA bAda to matinA aMzarUpa dhAraNA ukta rIte ghaTI zakatI nathI. tethI tamAre matijJAnanA avagraha-IhA-apAya e rIte traNa ja bheda mAnavAnA raheze. dhAraNArUpa cotho prakAra je AgamomAM batAvyo che, te na ghaTavAthI tamAre AgamavirodhadoSa Avaze. uttarapaH tamArI vAta barAbara nathI. kAraNa ke avismRti, smRti ane vAsanA e traNe bhedo apAyathI bhinna che e vAta ame sAbita karI zakavA samartha chIe. juo - (1) apAya (vastunizcaya) thaI gayA pachI paNa "hA, barAbara che, A ghaTa ja che".. ityAdirUpe apAya jJAnanI dhArA aMtarmuhUrta

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pramANapariccheda smRtyantarbhAvAditi cet; na; apAyapravRttyanantaraM kvacidantarmuhUrtaM yAvadapAyadhArApravRttidarzanAdavicyuteH, pUrvAparadarzanAnusandhAnasya 'tadevedamiti smRtyAkhyasya prAcyApAyapariNAmasya, tadAdhAyakasaMskAralakSaNAyA vAsanAyAzca apAyAbhyadhikatvAt / ____ nanvavicyutismRtilakSaNI jJAnabhedI gRhItagrAhitvAnna pramANam; saMskArazca kiM smRti AnAvaraNakSayopazamo vA, tajjJAnajananazaktirvA, tadvastuvikalpo veti trayI gati: ? tatrAdyapakSadvayamayuktam; jJAnarUpatvAbhAvAt tadbhedAnAM ceha vicAryatvAt / tRtIyapakSo'pyayukta eva; saGkhyeyamasaGkhayeyaM vA kAlaM vAsanAyA iSTatvAt, etAvantaM ca kAlaM vastuvikalpAyogAditi na kApi dhAraNA ghaTata iti ceta; na; spaSTaspaSTataraspaSTatamagrAhitvAcca smRteH agRhItagrAhitvAt, sudhI cAle che tene ja ame avismRti kahIe chIe. apAya karatA A avismRti judI e rIte paDI zake che ke apAyamAM uttarottara vizeSanI jijJAsA saMbhave che (ane tethI ja to te apAya vyavahArathI arthAvagraharUpa bane che, jyAre avismRtimAM te ja nizcaya daDha thayA kare che, temAM uttaravarti vizeSanI jijJAsA hotI nathI. Avo bheda prastuta granthakAre ja jJAnabindu nAmanA granthamAM batAvyo che. (2) A ja rIte smRti paNa pUrvanA apAya karatA bhinna che. kAraNa ke pUrve thaI gayelA apAyakALe to smRti hatI ja nahIM ane pachI kAlAMtare thanAra apAyajJAna paNa nizcAyaka mAtra ja banI zake che paNa temAM e ja ghaDo', "A te ja ghaDo che' ityAdi rUpe pUrvApara anusandhAna hotuM nathI, te to smRtithI ja thAya che. tethI smRti paNa apAya karatA adhika che. (ahIM "prAdhyApA pariNAmasya' pada dvArA granthakAre spaSTatA karI che ke apAya e smRtinuM pariNAmI kAraNa che. arthAt, apAyajJAna saMskArarUpe AtmAmAM saMkhyAtaasaMkhyAta-kALa sudhI akabaMdha rahIne sAmagrIvazAt kAlAMtare smRtirUpe utpanna thAya che.) (3) mAtra apAyathI smRti na thaI zake. apAya dvArA AtmAmAM tadviSayaka saMskAra paDyA hoya to ja smRti thaI zake, ane saMskAra (vAsanA) apAyanI daDhatAne avalaMbita che. avizrutithI saMskAra paDe, mAtra apAyathI nahIM. tethI saMskAra e apAya karatA bhinna che e paNa siddha thAya che. pUrvapakSaH dhAraNAnA ukta traNe bhedo pramANa tarIke svIkArI zakAya tema nathI kAraNa ke avizruti ane smRti to gRhItagrAhI hovAthI pramANa nathI. je agRhItagrAhi hoya te pramANa kahevAya. vaLI, saMskAra kone kahezo ? smRtijJAnAvaraNanA kSayopazamane, smRtijJAna utpanna karavAnI zaktine ke pachI te vastuviSayaka vikalpane ? A traNa vikalpo che. emAMthI pahelA be vikalpa to barAbara nathI. kAraNa ke te banne jJAnarUpa nathI ane ahIM to jJAnanA bhedanI vicAraNA cAle che. trIjo pakSa paNa barAbara nathI kAraNa ke saMskAra (vAsanA) to saMkhyAta-asaMkhyAtakALa sudhI ISTa che. jyAre koI vastuviSayaka vikalpa eTalo badho kALa TakI zake nahIM. tethI dhAraNAno ekeya vikalpa ghaTato nathI. tethI tamArA mate matijJAnanA traNa bheda ja rahe che. uttarapakSa tamArI vAtanuM mULa ja khoTuM che. koNe kIdhuM ke avizruti ane smRti gRhItagrAhI

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60 jaina takabhASA smRtijJAnAvaraNakarmakSayopazamarUpAyAstadvijJAnajananazaktirUpAyAzca vAsanAyAH svayamajJAnarUpatve'pi kAraNe kAryopacAreNa jJAnabhedAbhidhAnAvirodhAditi / / ete cAvagrahAdayo notkramavyatikramAbhyAM nyUnatvena cotpadyante, jJeyasyetthameva jJAnajananasvAbhAvyAt / kvacidabhyaste'pAyamAtrasya dRDhavAsane viSaye smRtimAtrasya copalakSaNe'pyutpalapatrazatavyatibheda iva saumyAdavagrahAdikramAnupalakSaNAt / tadevamarthAvagrahAdayo manaindriyaiH dvAraiva yathA svargAvAptistathaiva anubhavajanyasaMskAradvAraiva smRtyutpaadH| saMskArasya dvAratvakalpanayA na kaacidnuppttiH| itthaJca vakSyamANasmRtipramANalakSaNaM 'anubhavamAtrajanyajJAnami'tyapyupapadyate / __ nanvete'vagrahAdaya utkrameNa vyatikrameNa vA kimiti na bhavanti, yadvA, IhAdayastrayo dvau eko vA kiM nAbhyupeyante, yAvat sarve'pyabhyupeyanta ityAzaGkAyAmAha 'ete ce'tyAdi - tatra pazcAnupUrvyA bhavanamutkramaH, anAnupUrvyA bhavanaM vytikrmH| etAbhyAmutkramavyatikramAbhyAM tAvadavagrahAdibhirvastusvarUpaM nAvagamyate / tathA eSAM madhye ekasyApyanyatamasya vaikalye na vastusvabhAvabodhastataH sarve'pyamI eSTavyAH, na tveko dvau trayo veti / jJeyasyApi zabdAdeH svabhAvastathaiva vyavasthito yaduta sarvairamIbhiH parasparabhinnairasamakAlairutkramAtikramarahitaizca sampUrNeryathAvasthito'vagamyate'to jJeyavazenApyete yathoktarUpA eva bhavanti / kramo'pyamISAmayameva tathAhi - yadeva viSayaviSayisannipAtadazAyAM sanmAtramAlocitaM tadeva varNasaMsthAnAdisAmAnyAkAreNa pazcAdavagRhItaM sadanantaramanirdhAritarUpatayA saMzayitaM punaH pratiniyatavizeSAkAreNehitaM tadanu tadevAkAGkSitavizeSAkAreNAvetaM punardRDhatamAvasthApannAvAyarUpatayA dhAritamityavivAdaM sarvairapyanubhUyate / che? saLaMga cAlatI apAyadhArAne avizruti kahevAya che. jema jema apAyadhArA AgaLa cAle tema tema vastunI pratIti spaSTa-spaSTatara-spaSTatama thatI jAya. arthAt, te pratIti kramazaH spaSTadharmaka, spaSTataradharmaka, spaSTatamadharmaka thatI jAya. A pratItithI UbhA thatA saMskAra (vAsanA) paNa kramazaH spaSTadharmaka, spaSTataradharmaka, spaSTatamadharmaka hoya che tethI bhinnadharmavALA saMskAronI utpAdaka hovAthI avizruti e apAyathI bhinna che. prathama pravRtta apAya dvArA pUrvakAlaviziSTavastunuM grahaNa thAya che. jayAre bIjI vAranA apAyathI anyakALaviziSTa vastunuM grahaNa thAya che. arthAt, pUrvAnubhUta vastu ane smAryamANa vastu vaccenuM ekatva to pUrve jaNAyuM nahotuM ja, tenuM grahaNa to smRti dvArA ja thAya che. tethI smRtimAM paNa agRhItagrAhitva ghaTe che. have rahI saMskAranI vAta. te smRtijJAnAvaraNakarmanA kSayopazama rUpa che athavA to smaraNAtmaka jJAna utpanna karavAnI zaktirUpa che eTale ke tame darzAvelA traNa vikalpomAMthI pahelA athavA bIjA vikalpane ame svIkArIe chIe. AvI vAsanA svayaM bhale jJAnarUpa nathI. tema chatAM, smRtirUpa kAryanuM kAraNa hovAthI kAraNamAM kAryano upacAra karIne vAsanAne jJAnano bheda kahevAmAM koI virodha nathI. * mavagrahAnA ni35| * A avagraha, IhA, apAya ane dhAraNA e cAre ya svapUrva-pUrvanA kAraNe hovAthI teo A

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pramANapariccheda 61 SoDhA bhidyamAnA vyaJjanAvagrahacaturbhedaiH sahASTAviMzatirmatibhedA bhavanti / athavA bahu-bahuvidhakSiprA-'nizrita-nizcita-dhruvaiH sapratipakSAdazabhirbhedairbhinnAnAmeteSAM SaTtriMzadadhikAni trINi zatAni bhavanti / bahvAdayazca bhedA viSayApekSAH; tathAhi-kazcit nAnAzabdasamUhamAkarNitaM bahuM jAnAti-'etAvanto'tra zaGkhazabdA etAvantazca paTahAdizabdA' iti pRthagabhinnajAtIyaM kSayopazamavizeSAt paricchinattItyarthaH / anyastvalpakSayopazamatvAt tatsamAnadezo'pyabahum / aparastu kSayopazamavaicitryAd bahuvidham, ekaikasyApi zaGkhAdizabdasya snigdhatvAdibahudharmAnvitatvenApyAkalanAt / parastvabahuvidham, snigdhatvAdisvalpadharmAnvitatvenAkalanAt / anyastu krame'sminnanaGgIkRte vastvavagamAbhAva eva prApnoti / yato nAvagRhItaM vastvIhyate, IhAyA vicArakhpatvAdagRhIte ca vastuni nirAspadatvena vicArAyogAdityAdAvagrahaM nirdizya pazcAdIhA nirdissttaa| na cAnIhitaM nizcIyate, nizcayasya vicArapUrvakatvAditi prAgapAyAdIhA nirdissttaa| na cApAyaviSayatAmanItaM dhAryate, vastudhAraNAyA arthAvadhAraNarUpatvAt, tasya ca nizcayamantareNAyogAditi dhaarnnaadaavpaayH| tatazca nyAyya eSa krama iti sthitam / yaduktaM bhASye "Ihijjai nA'gahiyaM, najjai nANIhiyaM na yA'nAyaM, dhArijjai jaM vatthu teNa kkamo'vaggahAi u"1 (vize.bhA.296) lokAnubhavo'pi tathaiveti yuktyA zrutyA'nubhUtyA caiSa kramo nyAyya iti samyak sthitam / kvacitkramasya sato'pyanupalakSaNameSAmAzUtpAdAdutpalazatapatravyatibhedakramavat / anenaiva krameNAtmano darzanajJAnAvaraNAdeH kSayopazamo'pi prAdurbhavati, ato'pi yukta uktkrmH| yathAkramAvirbhUtanijakAraNajanyatvAdavagrahAdayo'pi tathAkramopetAH sthAsakozakuzUlAdivaditi bhAvaH / idamatrAvadhAtavyam - tattadravyakSetrakAlabhAvApekSavicitra-tattatkSayopazamavazAt kadAcidAlocanamAtraM sAmAnyagocaraM, kadAcidarthAvagraho'pi avAntarasAmAnyaviSayaH, kadAcitsaMzayo'pi, kadAcidIhAparyantaM, kvacidapAyAntaH, kadAcittu dhAraNAparyantAH sarve'pyete samunmIlantIti vishessH| itthaJcAvagrahAdInAM kramasiddhau ekajIvadravyAviSvagbhAvenaikatve'pi pariNAmavizeSAt 4 bhathA utpanna thAya che. temai G@ma (=pazcAnupuvA) : vyatima (=anAnupUrvI) thatA nathI ! bheTale ke dhAraNA-apAya-IhA-avagraha evA UMdhA kramathI ke pachI IhA-avagraha-dhAraNA-apAya athavA, avagraha, apAya-IhA-dhAraNA vagere rUpa ADA avaLA kramathI paNa te utpanna thatA nathI. taduparAMta temAM nyUnatA paNa hotI nathI. eTale ke kyAreka avagraha pachI IhA vagara sIdho apAya ja utpanna thAya. A rIte nyUnatA paNa hotI nathI. (hA, apekSita kSayopazama na hoya to apAya sudhI na pahoMcAya evuM bane, kyAreka avagraha thayA pachI tarata vikSepa (=viSayAMtarasaMcAra) thatA IhA vagere thAya ja nahIM evuM paNa bane, paNa dhAraNA sudhI pahoMcavAmAM to yathAkrama avagrahAdi cAre ya jJAna thAya 4. tebha oI 'zorTa:2' hoto nathI. mA tAtparya 'nyUnatvena' pahanu cha.) zaMkAH anekavAra jANavAnA kAraNe abhyasta ( ciraparicita) banI gayelA padArthone vize to 1. Ihyate nAgRhItaM jJAyate nAnIhitaM na cAjJAtam, dhAryate yadvastu tena kramo'vagrahAdistu /

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62 jaina tarkabhASA kSiprama, zIdhrameva paricchedAt / itarastvakSipram, ciravimarzenAkalanAt / parastvanizritam, liGgaM vinA svarUpata eva paricchedAt / aparastu nizritam, liGganizrayA''kalanAt / kazcittu nizcitam, viruddhadharmAnAliGgitatvenAvagateH / itarastvanizcitam, viruddhadharmAGkitatayAvagamAt / kathaJcid bhedo'pi sughaTa ev| atra prayogastvevam-avagrahAdayaH kathaJcibhedabhAjaH kramabhAvitvAt, asaGkIrNasvabhAvatvAt, apUrvApUrvavastuparyAyaprakAzakatvAditi bhedasiddhiH / ___ 'anizritamiti yadyapi nizritabhedasajJAnantaramanizritabhedaH sapratipakSairitipadena sUpapAdastathApyatra vyatyayo'nizritabhedasyAbhyarhitatvakRto jJeyaH / sIdho ja apAya utpanna thato jaNAya che. dA.ta. "A mArA pitAjI che ke anya koI ? lAge che to pitAjI' AvI IhA kAMI dareka vakhate thatI jaNAtI nathI. sIdho ja apAya thato hoya tema lAge che. A ja rIte je viSayanA daDha saMskAro paDelA hoya tevA viSayane lIdhe avagrahAdi vinA sIdhI ja smRtirUpa dhAraNA utpanna thatI dekhAya che. ane mATe to "jotAnI sAthe ja oLakhI gayo.' vagere lokavyavahAra paNa thAya che. to zuM AvA anubhavano apalApa karazo ?" samA. : nA, anubhavano apalopa karavAnI jarUra nathI. AvA abhyasta viSayamAM paNa avagrahAdinA kramathI ja apAya ke smRti utpanna thatI hoya che. abhyastadazA, atizIvratA vagere kAraNe te kramathI utpatti thatI hovA chatAM te rIte jaNAtI nathI ane jANe ke sIdho ja nirNaya thaI gayo hoya ema lAge che. jema kamaLanI so pAMdaDIne koI vAMdhe to tyAM najare to badhI pAMdaDI jANe ke eka sAthe vIMdhAtI jaNAya che paNa "kramazaH vIMdhAya che ema jaNAtuM nathI. tema chatAM paNa pratyeka pAMdaDI kramazaH ja vIMdhAI hoya che ane tevuM mAnya paNa karIe ja chIe. e ja rIte avagrahAdi jJAna, kramathI ja utpanna thatA hovA chatAM paNa abhyastadazA, atizIvratA sUkSmakAlInatA hovAthI bahu ja jhaDapathI thaI jAya che ane mATe te thatA hoya tevuM jaNAtuM nathI. jANe ke sIdho ja apAya thayo hoya tevuM jaNAya. tethI ukta lokavyavahAra aupacArika athavA zIvratAparaka jANavo. AvI ja rIte smRti paNa avagrahAdinA kramathI ja thAya che. je matijJAnanA 28 tathA 336 prabhedo ja A rIte pAMca Indriyo + mana, ema kula cha dvArA bheda pADIne arthAvagraha, IhA, apAya ane dhAraNA cha-cha prakAranA che. tethI 6 x 4 = 24 bheda thayA. vaLI, vyaMjanAvagraha to cakSu, mana sivAyanI Indriyano ja hoya che. tethI tenA mAtra 4 bheda thayA. Ama matijJAnanA kula 24 + 4 = 28 bheda thayA. athavA, A 28 bhedamAMnA pratyekanA pAchA 12-12 prabheda mAnavAthI matijJAnanA 28 X 12 = 336 bheda paNa vivakSAntarathI saMbhave che. te bAra bheda A pramANe jANavA bahu, abahu, bahuvidha, abahuvidha, kSipra, akSipra, nizcita, anizrita, dhruva, adhruva. "bahu vagere A bhedo viSayanI apekSAe paDe che. te apekSA A rIte jANavI - (1) koI puruSa, aneka zabdonA samUhane sAMbhaLIne viziSTayopazamanA kAraNe te zabdomAMthI

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pramANapariccheda anyo dhruvam, bahvAdisnapeNAvagatasya sarvadaiva tathA bodhAt / anyastvadhruvama, kadAcidbahvAdirUpeNa kadAcittvabahvAdipeNAvagamAditi / uktA matibhedAH / zrutabhedA ucyante - zrutam akSara-sajjJi-samyak-sAdi-saparyavasitagamikA'GgapraviSTabhedaiH sAmAnyatastAvadavagrahAderidaM svarUpaM niradezi kiJcita, mekaapaDyoga0 1 wdhArtha siddhAntasinthomiyopathI: (sAtriA.pR.rUrU) paNa pRthak pRthak bhinna jAtivALA zabdone jANI le che ke "A zabdasamUhamAM aTalo avAja zaMkhano che, ATalo Dholano che vagere.." Ane "bahu jJAna kahevAya. (2) bIjo koI puruSa te ja sthAne hAjara chatAM paNa te zabdasamUhane sAMbhaLavA chatAM paNa) alpaSayopazama hovAthI A rIte bhinnajAtIya zabdonuM pRthakkaraNa karIne darekane alaga rIte pakaDI zakto nathI. basa, vAMjitrono avAja che eTaluM ja mAtra jANI zake. Ane "abahu' jJAna kahevAya. (3) koI puruSa, saMbhaLAtA zabdasamUhamAMthI vINA vagerenA zabdone pRthapha jANe. eTaluM ja nahIM, paraMtu kSayopazamanI vicitratAthI te ja zabdone tIvratA-maMdatA, snigdhatA-karkazatAdi aneka dharmothI yuktarUpe jANe. (eTale ke zaMkhano A avAja tIvra che, A avAja maMda che vagere jANe.) te "bahuvidha" prakAranuM matijJAna kahevAya. (4) koI vyakti saMbhaLAtA zabdasamUhamAMthI vINA vagerenA zabdane pRthapha jANe kharo paNa te zabdanA tIvratA snigdhatA vagere alpadharmo ja jANI zake. Ane "abahuvidha" jJAna kahevAya. (5) koI vyakti jaldIthI viSayane jANI le che. tene "kSipra' jJAna kahevAya. (6) koI vyakti lAMbo vicAra karIne viSayane jANI zake che. tenA jJAnane "akSipra" kakSAnuM matijJAna kahevAya. (vyavahAramAM paNa anubhavAya che ke bahAra avAja saMbhaLAtA ja keTalAka, "kono avAja haze? teno sAco nirNaya zIdhra karI zake che. jyAre keTalAka Avo nirNaya karatA pUrve thoDI kSaNo vicAra kare che. TapAla paranA akSaro vAMcatA ja koI tarata ja sAco nirNaya karI zake che ke "amukanA akSara che'. jyAre keTalAkane Ama karavAmAM vAra lAge che. be-cAra vAra dhyAnathI akSaro joyA bAda ja nirNaya karI zake che. AvA sthaLomAM yathAyogya kSipra-akSipra AdinA bheda samajI levA.) (7) hetu ke cihna vagerethI jaNAya te nizrita' kahevAya. jema ke dhvajadarzana, ghaMTAravazravaNAdithI jinAlayanuM jJAna thAya te. (8) keTalAkane koI nizrA (cihna)nI sahAya vagara jJAna thAya che. tene "anizcita" matijJAna kahevAya. yadyapi nizcita bhedane jANyA pachI anizcita bheda sugamatAthI jANI zakAya che tethI ahIM e kramathI vyAkhyA karI che. chatAM paNa prathakArazrIe anizrita bhedane je pUrvakrama Apyo che tenI pAchaLa koI cokkasa vivakSA kAma kare che. A 12 bhedo 6 yugalomAM vaheMcAyelA che. dareka

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6 4 jaina tarkabhASA sapratipakSazcaturdazavidham / tatrAkSaraM trividhaM-sajJA-vyaJjana-labdhibhedAt / saJjJAkSaraM bahuvidha zrutajJAnasyAdyabhedamakSarazrutaM tattvabhedAbhyAM lakSayati 'tatrAkSarami'tyAdinA 'kSara calane', na kSarati = na calati, anupayoge'pi na pracyavata ityakSaraM, jIvasya jJAnapariNAma ityarthaH / etattu naigamAdInAmavizuddhanayAnAM mataM, zuddhAnAM tu RjusUtrAdInAM jJAnaM kSarameva, tanmate srvbhaavaanaamutpaadbhnggurtvaat| nanvevaM sati paJcaprakAramapi jJAnamavizuddhanayamatenAkSarameva, sakalajJAnasya svarUpAvicyuteH / sUtre'pyavizeSitamabhihitaM 'savva-jIvANaM pi ya NaM akkharassa aNaMtabhAgo niccugghADiyao'1 tatra hyakSarapadenAvizeSitaM jJAnamevAbhipretaM yugalamAMnA caDiyAtA bhedano nAmathI ullekha karavo ane bIjA bhedano 'sapratipa:' padathI ullekha karavo' evI vivakSA ahIM jaNAya che. (9) keTalAka, vastune virodhi dharmothI rahitapaNe jANe che. te nizcita' jJAna (asaMdigdhajJAna) kahevAya che. - (10) keTalAka, vastune virodhi dharmothI yuktapaNe jANe che. te "anizcita' (saMdigdhajJAna) kahevAya che. (11) keTalAka, vastune bahu, bahuvidhArirUpe jANyA pachI tene kyAreya bhUlI na jAya, tene te ja rIte yAda rAkhe te "dhruva". (12) keTalAka, vastune kyAreka bahu rUpe to kyAreka abahurUpe jANe. Ama eka ja viSayanA bodhamAM kALabhede taratamatA jovA maLe te "adhuva" kahevAya. A rIte matijJAnanA pUrvokta 28 bhedonA pratyekanA A 12 prabhedo thavAthI kula maLIne 28 * 12 = 336 bheda thayA. (A 336 bhedone zrutanizrita matijJAna kahevAya che. A sivAya autpAtikI buddhi vagere cAra prakAranI buddhio (ke jene azrutanizrita matijJAna kahevAya che te) gaNatA matijJAnanA 340 bheda siddhAMtamAM jaNAvyA che.) zrutajJAnanA 14 bheda * zrutAnusAri evA matijJAnanuM nirUpaNa pUrNa karIne have zrutajJAnanA bhedonuM nirUpaNa kare che. zrutajJAnanA cauda bhedo che. te A pramANe akSarazruta, anarazruta, saMjJIzruta, asaMjJIzruta, samyagruta, mithyAzruta, sAdiThuta, anAdibruta, saparyavasitakRta, aparyavasitazruta, gamikazruta, agamikazruta, aMgapraviSTazruta, aMgabAhyazruta (athavA anaMgapraviSTadyuta). akSarakRtanuM nirUpaNa ka akSara traNa prakAranA che (eTale tene AzrayIne akSaradhRtanA paNa traNa prakAra che.) (1) saMjJAkSaraH haMsalipi vagere aneka prakAranI lipine saMjJAkSara kahevAya che. (2) vyaMjanAkSara : vaktA je akArAdi varNano uccAra kare tene (uccAryamANa varNana) vyaMjanAkSara kahevAya che. jo ke, A banne dvArA je bodha thAya che te ja zrutajJAna che. paraMtu, zrutanA kAraNarUpa hovAthI A bannene paNa upacArathI zrata 9. sarvanIvAnA pAsarasthAnatta(tame)mA nitya ghATita |

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pramANapariccheda 65 %3 lipibhedam, vyaJjanAkSaraM bhASyamANamakArAdi, ete copacArAcchrute / labdhyakSaraM tu indriyamanona punaH zrutajJAnam / kiJca, avizuddhanayAdezAt sarve'pi bhAvA akSarA eva tato'tra zrutajJAne kA prativizeSaH yenocyata 'akSarazrutam anakSarazrutamiti cet, atrocyate - yogAd rUDherbalIyastvaniyamAd varNa eva svavyaJjanabhedabhinno'kSarapadena gRhyate / niruktArthasyAkSarasya traividhyamAha sjnyetyaadinaa| pratyekaM lakSayati 'sajJAkSarami'tyAdinA / lipayazca zAstreSu mukhyavRttyA'STAdaza zrUyante, tdythaa| haMsalivI bhUyalivI jakkhI taha rakkhasI ya bodhavvA, uDDI javaNi turukkI kIrI daviDI ya siMdhaviyA / / 1 / / mAlaviNI naDi nAgarI lADalivI pArasI ya bodhavvA, taha animittI ya livI cANakkI mUladevI y||2|| saJjJAkSaraprakArAzca lipibhedaadevaaneke| upayogarUpabhAvazrutakAraNatvAdidaM dravyazrutamucyate / lipiH pustakAdAvakSaravinyAsaH sA cASTAdazaprakArApi zrImannAbheyajinena svasutAyA brAhmInAmikAyA darzitA, tato'STAdazaprakArApi lipayo brAhmItyapi gIyate, ato 'brAhmI ti svarUpavizeSaNaM lipeH| yadAha bhagavAn sudharmA paJcamAge sajJAkSaraM praNaman 'Namo baMbhIe liviie'| zrutajJAnasyAtyaMtopakArakatvAd, bhAvazrutasya ca dravyazrutapUrvakatvAt tasyApi stotavyatve na virodhaH / ata eva ca siddhacakrAdipUjanAnuSThAne mAtRkApadapUjanamapi 'kavargAya svAhe'tyAdinA vihitamityalaM prAsaGgikena / kahyA che. (3) ladhyakSara : akSara sAMbhaLIne (ke vAMcIne) Indriya ke manarUpa nimittanI sahAyathI je jJAna thAya che. A zrutapayoga e bhAvakRtarUpa che. athavA to zrutajJAnAvaraNanA kSayopazamane ja ladhyakSazrata rUpa jANavuM. jo ke A kSayopazama to jJAnAtmaka nathI chatAM paNa bhAvakRtanuM kAraNa hovAthI upacArathI tene paNa "zruta' kahyuM che. akSarajJAna to paropadezathI ja thAya. Avo niyama saMjJAkSara ane vyaMjanAkSara mATe ja jANavo. ladhyakSara zrata to paropadeza vinA paNa saMbhavI zake che. jeNe kyAreya "mANasa" vagere zabdavizeSano martha eyo nathI sevA matibhu25 govANiyA vagerene 'aya ! bhAsa. !...' vagere. 4De to te sAMbhaLIne sAmuM jove che. gAya, kUtarA vagere pazune paNa potAnA nAmathI bolAve tyAre "tAruM A nAma pADavAmAM AvyuM che. evuM bIjA pAsethI kyAreya na jANanAra pazu paNa potAnuM "TomI' vagere nAma sAMbhaLIne tarata vaktAne abhimukha thatA dekhAya che. (ahIM eka vAta samajavA jevI che ke atimugdha manuSyo ke pazuo paNa "mANasa" ke TomI" vagere zabdothI bolAvatA pravRtti ke nivRtti karatA je dekhAya che temAM teone te te zabdano zaktigraha to thayelo hoya ja che. sauprathama vAra jyAre 'TomI' kahe tyAre kUtaro na paNa Ave. anekavAra kahyA pachI tene evo khyAla Ave che ke Avo sarvajIvAnAmapi cAkSarasyAnantabhAgo nityodghATitaH / 1. haMsalipibhUtalipiryAkSI tathA rAkSasI ca boddhavyA, uDDI yavanI turuSkI, kIrI drAviDI ca sindhavIyA / / mAlavinI naTI nAgarI lATalipiH pArasI ca boddhavyA, tathA'nimittI ca lipizcANAkI mauladevI ca / /

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jaina tarkabhASA nimitta: zrutopayogaH, tadAvaraNakSayopazamo vA etacca paropadezaM vinApi nAsambhAvyam, anAkalitopadezAnAmapi mugdhAnAM gavAdInAM ca zabdazravaNe tadAbhimukhyadarzanAt, ekendriyANAmapyavyaktAkSaralAbhAcca / anakSarazrutamucchvAsAdi, tasyApi bhAvazrutahetutvAt, tato'pi 'sazoko'yam' ityAdijJAnAvirbhAvAt / athavA zrutopayuktasya sarvAtmanaivopayogAt sarvasyaiva vyApArasya zruta 66 nanvakSarasya paropadezajanyatvaM zrUyate dRzyate ca zrutopayogarUpaM kSayopazamarUpamiti vA'kSarazrutajJAnaM kiM tathaivAhosvidanyatheti jijJAsAyAmAha - etacca paropadezamiti yadapi paropadezajatvamakSarasya ucyate tadapi saJjJAvyaJjanAkSarayorevAvaseyam / lokavyavahAre'pi tathaiva darzanAt / dRzyate hi lipivijJAnaM varNoccArazca bAlamugdhAdInAM gurujanavargeNa zikSiSyamANaH zrutopayogaH kSayopazamo vA na tathA, labdhyakSaraM tu kSayopazamendriyAdinimittamasaJjJinAM na viruddhayate / yathA vA saJjJinAmapi paropadezAbhAvena (TomI) zabda bolAya eTale mane bolAve che ema samajavuM. TUMkamAM, zaktigraha thavAnA aneka kAraNo che jemAM ghaNAkharAM kAraNo paropadezAtmaka (zikSaNAtmaka) che paraMtu kyAreka A rIte vyavahArathI paNa zaktigraha thAya che.) ladhyakSara zrutajJAna paropadeza vinA paNa saMbhavI zake che e mATenI bIjI yukti e paNa che ke ekendriya jIvomAM paNa akSaranA anaMtamA bhAga jeTaluM avyakta zrutajJAna mAnyuM che. alabatta, tyAM e vAcya-vAcakabhAvathI saMkaLAyeluM na hovAthI kSayopazamarUpe ja mAnyuM che. (ahIM ema jaNAya che ke labbakSarazrutane granthakAre pahelA bhAvazrutopayogarUpa kahyuM ane pachI tadAvaraNakarmanA kSayopazama rUpa kahyuM. ladhyakSarazruta paropadeza vinA paNa hoI zake che. e vAtanA samarthanamAM je be dalIlo ApI che temAMthI pahelI dalIla ladhyakSarazrutane bhAvazrutopayoga mAnavA vize che. paNa pachI bIjI, 'ekendriyajIvone avyakta akSara lAbha che.' evI je dalIla ApI che te ladhyakSarane kSayopazamarUpa mAnavA aMge che.) * anakSarazrutanuM nirUpaNa * ucchvAsa, niHzvAsAdine (AdithI khAMsI vagere...) anakSarazruta kahevAya che. kAraNa ke e paNa bhAvazrutanuM kAraNa che. koI vyaktino ucchvAsAdi avAja sAMbhaLatA 'A zokagrasta che' ke 'rogagrasta che' ItyAdi jJAna thAya che. A pratIti zrutAnusArI che kAraNa ke ucchvAsAdi e zabdAtmaka che. A zabdane dravyazrutarUpa jANavo kAraNa ke je kAraNa hoya te dravya hoya che. zaMkA : A rIte to zabdAtmaka na hoya tevA zirodhUnana, hAtha halAvavo vagere ceSTA paNa kaMIka bodha karAve che to zuM e badhI ceSTAo paNa zruta kahevAze ? samA. : nA, ucchvAsAdi ('Adi' padathI niHzvAsa, thUMkavuM, khAMsI vagere avAjavALI ceSTAo levI) vyApArane ja zruta kahevAze. badhA vyApAra kaMI zrutarUpe nathI. zaMkA : Avo bheda pADavAmAM vinigamaka kone mAnazo ? thavA, kahIne granthakAra svayaM bIjo vikalpa Ape che.

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pramANapariccheda rUpatve'pi atraiva zAstrajJalokaprasiddhA rUDhaH / samanaskasya zrutaM saJjJizrutam / tadviparItamasaJjJizrutam / samyakzrutam aGgAnaGgapraviSTam, laukikaM tu mithyAzrutam / svAmitvacintAyAM tu bhajanA samyagdRSTiparigRhItaM mithyAzrutamapi samyak zrutameva vitathabhASitvAdinA yathAsthAnaM tadarthaviniyogAt, viparyayAnmithyAdRSTiparigRhItaM ca samyak zrutamapi mithyAzrutameveti / sAdi dravyata ekaM puruSamAzritya kSetratazca bharatairAvate / kAlata utsarpiNyavasarpiNyo, bhAvatazca tattajjJApakaprayatnAdikam / anAdi dravyato nAnApuruSAnAzritya kSetrato mahAvidehAn, keSAJcidatIvamugdhaprakRtInAM bAlagopAlagavAdInAmasatyapi narAdizabdavizeSaviSayakavijJAne labdhyakSaraM kimapIkSyate, 'ayi nara !' ityAdinA 'gauri !' ' zyAme !' ityAdinA sAmAnyena vizeSeNa vA nAmnA''kAritA janAH gavAdayazca svanAma jAnanti pravRttinivRttyAdIni ca kurvantIti dRshyte| vyavahArato'tra zaktigraho'pi samastyeva / zaktigrahopAyAzceme zaktigraho vyAkaraNopamAnakozAptavAkyAd vyavahAratazca / vAkyasya zeSAd vivRtervadanti sAnnidhyataH siddhapadasya vRddhAH / / vyAkaraNAdilakSaNaH zaktigrahopAyo yadyapi paropadezAtmaka eva tathApi vyavahArAdilakSaNasya tasya tadanAtmakatayA tataH zaktigraho'pi kathaJcana sambhavanna viruddhayate / kathamanyathA prathamameva 'gauri !' ' zyAme' ityAdinA svanAmAkAritA'pi satI gaurnAyAti svasamIpaM asakRdvyavahArAnantaraM tvAyAtIti uppdyet| vyavahArakRtazaktigraha - tadabhAvakRto'yaM vizeSa ityabhyupagantavyam / 'anAkalitopadezAnAmapItyAdi yuktistu labdhyakSarasya bhAvazrutopayogarUpatvasamarthane, kSayopazamarUpatvasamarthane 'caikendriyANAmapItyAdikA dvitIyA yuktirjJeyA, ekendriyAdInAmavyaktAkSaralAbhasya 1 savvajIvANaMpiya akkha-rassa anaMtabhAgo niccugghADiyao' ityAdinA''gamena siddhatve'pi kSayopazamarUpasyAkSaralAbha eva siddhAntatAtparyAt / 'anakSarazrutamiti bhASyamANasya akArAdivarNasyAbhAve'pi zrAvyatvAducchvasitAderapi zabdarUpatvaM bodhyam / ihocchvasitAdyanakSarazrutaM dravyazrutameva, dhvanimAtrarUpatayA bhAvazrutakAraNatvAt, bhavati cocchva - 67 athavA to ema mAno ke zrutopayogavALI vyakti je koI paNa vyApAra kare temAM badhAM ja Atmapradezo ochevatte aMze vyAvRtta bane ja che. tethI tevI vyaktinI yadyapi badhI ja ceSTAo zrutarUpa bane che. chatAM paNa ucchvAsAdi ukta ceSTAone ja zruta kahevAya evI zAstrajJapuruSonI rUDhi che. tethI A rUDhi ja ukta pratipAdanamAM vinigamaka banaze. (A rUDhi pAchaLa kAraNa e jaNAya che ke 'the saMbhaNAya te zruta' jevo sAmAnyathI 'zruta' zabdano artha che. ucchvAsa, niHzvAsa, pAMsI vagere vyApAro akSarAtmaka (eTale ke saMjJAkSarAtmaka ke vyaMjanAtmaka) nathI tema chatAM dhvanirUpa to che ja ane te saMbhaLAvAthI 'A zokagrasta che' ityAdi jJAna thAya che. A jJAnamAM ucchvAsAdinuM zravaNa kAraNa 1. sarvajIvAnAmapi ca akSarasyAnanta (tama ) bhAgo nityodghATitaH

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68 jaina takabhASA kAlato noutsarpiNyavasarpiNIlakSaNaM, bhAvatazca sAmAnyataH kSayopazamamiti / evaM saparyavasitAsitAdinA''tmajJAnaM, yathocchavasitaniHzvasitAdizravaNe 'sazoko'yami'tyAdijJAnam / evaM viziSTAbhisandhipUrvakaniSThyUtakAsitakSutAdizravaNe'pi AtmajJAnAdikaM vAcyam / athavA, zrutajJAnopayuktasyA''tmanaH sarvAtmanaivopayogAt sarvo'pyucchvasitAdiko vyApAraH zrutameveha pratipattavyamiti zrutaM bhavantyevocchvasitAdayaH / nanvevaM gamanAgamana-calana-spandanAdiceSTA vyApAra eva, tataH zrutopayuktasambandhinyeSA'pi zrutaM syAt, zrutatvaprAptau nyAyasya samAnatvAditi cet, satyam, tathApi zAstrajJalokaprasiddhA rUDhI iyam bane che. Ama saMbhaLAtuM hovAthI tene "zruta' kahyuM ane bhAvaRRtanuM kAraNa banatuM hovAthI tene 'dravyazruta' kahyuM che. gamanAmana, zirodhUnanAdi vyApAra to dazyavyApArAtmaka che, ucchavAsAdinI jema zrAvyavyApArAtmaka nathI tethI tene vize "zruta' zabdanI zAstrajJa puruSonI rUDhi nathI.) eka saMjJI-asaMjJI-samyakramithyAzrutanuM nirUpaNa * samanaska eTale ke saMjJI jIvonA dyutane saMjJIzruta kahevAya che ane amanaska eTale ke asaMjJI jIvonA zratane asaMjJIzruta kahevAya che. dvAdazAMgI ane upAMgasUtrone samyakuzruta kahevAya che ane laukikazAstrone mithyAzruta kahevAya che. (A to samyakRta ane mithyAzrutanI svarUpasApekSa vyAkhyA thaI. svAmI sApekSa vyAkhyA A pramANe jANavI.) svAmInI apekSAe vicArIe to A vyAkhyAmAM vikalpa che. samyagdaSTi dvArA grahaNa karAyeluM svarUpataH mithyAzruta paNa tene mATe samyakuzruta banI jAya che. kAraNa ke tevo grantha vAMcatI vakhate paNa syAdvAdagarbhita jinavacananI pariNatine kAraNe te vyakti 'mithyASTi praNIta hovAthI A granthamAM ekAMtavAdanI khoTI prarUpaNAo paNa che' vagere sAraasArano viveka karI zake che ane tethI te te sthAne yogya arthaghaTana karI zake che. mithyAdaSTi jIva pAse AvI kSamatA hotI nathI. UlaTuM, viparIta patine kAraNe tenA dvArA grahaNa karAyeluM svarUpatA samyakazruta paNa mithyAzrutAtmaka banI jAya che kAraNa ke te nayasApekSa amuka cokkasa prarUpaNAne sarvathA vaLagI paDe che. * sAdi-anAdi-saparyavasita-aparyavasita zratanuM nirUpaNa zratamAM sAdita vagere cAra rIte ghaTI zake che. A bhavamAM koI jIvane atyAra sudhI samyakuzruta utpanna thayuM nahotuM ane hamaNAM utpanna thayuM to tenuM te zrutajJAna te jIvanI apekSAe sAdi kahevAya. A dravyanI apekSAe zrutamAM sAhitva jaNAvyuM. kSetranI apekSAee vicArIe to bharata-airAvata kSetramAM dareka covIzInA prathama tIrthakara dvArA thatI zAsanasthApanA vakhate zratanI utpatti thatI hovAthI bharata-airAvata kSetranI apekSAe zruta A rIte sAdi che. kALanI apekSAe vicArIe to utsarpiNI ane avasarpiNI kALamAM ja zratanI utpatti thAya che tethI te kALanI apekSAe zruta sAdi thayuM kahevAya. bhAvanI apekSAe vicArIe to sUtranA adhyApaka-gurunA prayatnane AzrayIne zruta utpanna thAya che tethI zruta sAdi thayuM kahevAya. AvI ja cAra rIte zrutamAM anAditva paNa saMbhave che. dravyanI apekSAe vicAratA aneka vyaktinI apekSAe vicArIe to zruta anAdi che. (kAraNa ke mRta vyaktinI apekSAe sAdi che,

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pramANapariccheda 69 paryavasitabhedAvapi bhAvyau / gamikaM sadRzapAThaM prAyo dRSTivAdagatam / agamikamasadRzapAThaM prAya: kAlikazrutagatam / aGgapraviSTaM gaNadharakRtam / anaGgapraviSTaM tu sthavirakRtamiti / tadevaM saprabhedaM sAMvyavahArikaM matizrutalakSaNaM pratyakSa nirUpitam / svotpattAvAtmavyApAramAtrApekSaM pAramArthikam / tat trividhamavadhimanaHparyaya-kevala-bhedAt / sakalarUpidravyaviSayakajAtIyamAtmamAtrApekSaM jJAnamavadhijJAnam / tacca SoDhA anuyaducchvasitAdyeva zrutaM, netaracceSTAdikam / 'zrUyata iti zrutami'tyanvarthasyocchvasitAdAveva bhAvAt, na hi karAdiceSTA kadApi zrUyate, dRzyatvAttasyeti kathamasau zrutaM syaadityrthH| zeSaM sugamam / tadevaM yathAkathaJcidvivRttaM saprabhedaM matizrutalakSaNaM sAMvyavahArikapratyakSam / svAvaraNakSaya-kSayopazamavizeSAtiriktAnapekSamAtmavyApAramAtrApekSotpattikaM pAramArthikaM pratyakSamityarthaH / mati-jJAnAdAvativyAptivAraNAya 'AtmamAtrApekSamiti tadvizeSaNam / arUpidravyavyavacchedaphalakaM rUpipadaM kevalajJAne'tivyAptivAraNArthaM bodhyam / 'sakala'padamatra manaHparyAyajJAne'tivyAptivAraNAya jJeyam / idamatra pravAhathI to anAdi che.) kSetranI apekSAe pAMce ya mahAvidehakSetromAM satata tIrtha vidyamAna hovAthI te kSetramAM zrutajJAna kAyama vidyamAna hoya che tethI te kSetranI apekSAe zrutamAM anAdita kahevAya kALanI apekSAe vicArIe to noutsarpiNI-noavasarpiNI kALa ja mahAvidehakSetramAM kAyama hoya che tethI te kALanI apekSAe zrata anAdi che. bhAvanI apekSAe vicArIe to sAmAnyathI kSayopazamabhAvamAM kAyama zrata rahe che, kAraNa ke mahAvidehakSetramAM tIrthakara-gaNadhara bhagavaMto kAyama vidyamAna hovAthI tyAM dvAdazAMgIrUpa zruta (ke je kSayopazamabhAvarUpa che te) kAyama vidyamAna hoya ja. sAdi-anAdi zratanA nirUpaNamAM ja saparyavasita-aparyavasita zratanuM nirUpaNa paNa thaI ja jAya che tethI tenuM pRthak nirUpaNa na karatA granthakAre mAtra teno atideza ja karyo che. je dravya-kSetra-kALabhAvanI apekSAe zruta sAdi che te ja dravyAdinI apekSAe zruta saMparyavasita (sAnta) paNa che ane je dravyAdinI apekSAe zruta anAdi che te ja dravyAdinI apekSAe zruta aparyavasita (anaMta) paNa che. - gamiagami-aMgapraviSTa-anaMgapraviSTazratanuM nirUpaNa eka jemAM samAna jevA pATha-AlApaka Adi hoya tene gamika zruta kahevAya che. dRSTivAda gamikazruta kahevAya kAraNa ke temAM sadezapAThonI bahulatA che. (vartamAnamAM zramaNonA pAkisUtrAdine gamika zruta kahevAya.) jemAM asamAna pATha hoya te agamikazruta kahevAya. kAlikazruta lagabhaga Ave che. tIrthakaropadiSTa tripadInA AdhAre gaNadhara bhagavaMto dvArA racAtuM dvAdazAMgIrUpa zrata (AcArAMga vagere 12 aMga sUtro) te aMgapraviSTa zruta kahevAya ane sthavirakRta zrIAvazyakasUtrAdine anaMgapraviSTa (athavA aMgabAhya) zrata kahevAya che. A pramANe bheda-prabheda sahita matijJAna ane zrutajJAnarUpa sAMvyavahArika pratyakSanI prarUpaNA ahIM pUrNa thaI. * pAramArthika pratyakSanuM nirUpaNa - sAMvyavahArika pratyakSanuM nirUpaNa pUrNa karyA bAda have krama prApta pAramArthika pratyakSanuM nirUpaNa kare che. temAM sauprathama sAMvyavahArika pratyakSanuM lakSaNa jaNAve che. je jJAna potAnI utpattimAM ekamAtra

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jaina tarkabhASA gAmi-vardhamAna-pratipAtItarabhedAt / tatrotpattikSetrAdanyatrApyanuvartamAnamAnugAmikam, bhAskaraprakAzavat, yathA bhAskaraprakAza: prAcyAmAvirbhUtaH pratIcImanusaratyapi tatrAvakAzamudyotayati, tathaitadapyekatrotpannamanyatra gacchato'pi puMso viSayamavabhAsayatIti / utpattikSetra eva viSayAvabhAsakamananugAmikam, praznAdezapuruSajJAnavat, yathA praznAdeza: kvacideva sthAne saMvAdayituM dhyeyam - sakalapadamavadherutkarSasvarUpadyotanApekSayA proktam / naTavadhimAtreNa sakalarUpidravyANAmadhyakSa sambhavati, kSayopazamatAratamyena bodhatAratamyadarzanAt / taccAne sphuTIbhaviSyati / dravyapadamatra tAtparyagrAhakaM jJeyaM, na tu vastuto lakSaNAGgamata eva vAcakavaryaistattvArthAdhigamasUtre dravyapadaparihAreNa 'rUpiSvavadheH' (1/28) ityetAvanmAtramevoktaM saGgacchate / nanu rUpidravyamAtraviSayakatve'vadheH 'idaM jIrNaM navInaM vA, idaM dUramAsannaM veti pratItiH na syAt, tasyAH kAlakSetraviSayakatvAt, avadhezca rUpimAtraviSayakatvena AtmavyApAranI ja apekSA rAkhatuM hoya (Indriya ke mananA vyApAra, viSayArthasaMnikarSa vagerenI apekSA jene na hoya) te jJAnane pAramArthika pratyakSa kahevAya che. tenA traNa bhedo che. avadhijJAna, mana:paryavajJAna ane kevaLajJAna. * avadhijJAnanA cha prakAra che emAMthI sauprathama avadhijJAnanuM lakSaNa jaNAve che. sarva rUpI dravyone vize, mAtra AtmAnA vyApAranI ja sahAyathI je jJAna utpanna thAya che tene avadhijJAna kahevAya che. (ahIM "sakala rUpI dravyaviSayaka' no artha sakalarUpIdravyamAtraviSayaka karavo. anyathA, saikAlika sarvavastuviSayaka evA kevaLajJAnamAM A lakSaNa ativyApta bane. "mAtra padathI tenuM vAraNa thaI zake che. kAraNa ke kevaLajJAna arUpIdravyaviSayaka paNa che.) AnA cha prakAro che, te darekanuM kramazaH udAharaNa pUrvaka nirUpaNa kare che. (1) AnugAmika avadhijJAna :- sUryanA prakAzanI jema je avadhijJAna potAnA utpattikSetrathI bhinna kSetramAM paNa jJAtAnI sAthe jAya che tene "AnugAmika' kahevAya che. jema sUryamAMthI nIkaLato prakAza pUrvadizAmAM utpanna thayo che ane pachI sUrya jayAre pazcima dizAmAM jAya tyAre prakAza paNa tyAM sAthe ja jAya ane tyAM paNa prakAza phelAve che. tema A jJAna puruSanI sAthe anyatra paNa jAya che ane tyAMnA viSayano paNa puruSane bodha karAve che. (2) anAnugAmika avadhijJAna :- A avadhijJAna je kSetramAM utpanna thayuM hoya te kSetramAM ja arthabodha karAve che. jema ke praznAdeza puruSanuM jJAna. jema koI naimittika puruSa koI vizeSasthAnamAM ja pUchAtA praznonA uttara ApI zakto hoya che, paNa te anyatra javAba ApI zakto nathI. tema, A avadhijJAna paNa potAnA utpattikSetramAM ja jJAna karAve, anyatra nahIM. (TUMkamAM, AnugAmika e TorcanA prakAza jevuM che, je mANasanI sAthe anyAnya sthaLe jAya ne tyAMnA viSayone paNa jaNAve. anAnugAmika e vAyara para laTakatA balba nA prakAza jevuM che. arthAt, e avadhijJAnano upayoga mUkavo hoya to vivakSita kSetramAM ja AvavuM paDe. jema balbanA prakAzamAM vAMcana karanAre balba pAse AvavuM paDe. balba sAthe na jAya tema prastutamAM paNa samajavuM.) (3) vardhamAna avadhijJAna - je avadhijJAna potAnA utpattikSetrathI kramazaH vadhatA vadhatA

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pramANapariccheda zaknoti pRcchyamAnamartham, tathedamapi adhikRta eva sthAne viSayamudyotayitumalamiti / utpattikSetrAtkrameNa viSayavyAptimavagAhamAnaM vardhamAnam, adharottarAraNinirmathanotpannopAttazuSkopacIyamAnAdhIyamAnendhanarAzyagnivat, yathA agniH prayatnAdupajAta: san punarindhanalAbhAdvivRddhimupAgacchatyevaM paramazubhAdhyavasAyalAbhAdidamapi pUrvotpannaM vardhata iti / utpattikSetrApekSayA krameNAlpIbhavadviSayaM hIyamAnam, paricchinnendhanopAdAnasantatyagnizikhAvat, yathA apanItendhaamUrtakSetrakAlaviSayakatvAyogAditi cet, satyaM, kSetrakAlau tu na pazyati, vartanArUpaM kAlaM rUpidravyAvacchinnakSetraM ca pazyatyeva, tasya dravyaparyAyarUpatayA kathaJcid rUpitvAnatikramAt / itthameva ca bhASyoktakSetrAvadhikAlAvadhinikSepopapattiriti dhyeyam / atha cAvadhijJAnabhedamadhye trINi yugalAni, tatra yathA''nugAmikAdanantaramanAnugAmikaM nirUpitaM yathA ca vardhamAnAdanantaraM hIyamAnaM, tathaivAtra apratipAtinirUpaNAdanantarameva pratipAti vaktumucitaM syAt, abhyarhitapUrvavinyAsagarbhitakramavyavasthAnirvAhAditi ceta, satyaM tathApi pratiyogijJAnAdhInatvaniyamAt tadabhAvajJAnasya, AdAveva pratipAtibhedaprarUpaNam / idamatrAvadhAtavyam - utpannamanugAmi tathAvidhakSayopazamahAsAdananugAmyapi bhavet, anAnugAmi ca tathAvidhakSayopazamotkarSalAbhAdanugAmyapi bhavet, evaM vardhamAnaM viSayone vyApta thatuM jAya (arthAta, utpatti pachI tenI viSayavyApti vadhatI jAya) tene "vardhamAna kahevAya che. jema upara-nIce goThavelA araNi-pattharanA paraspara gharSaNathI utpanna thayelo agni, sUkA indaNa maLavAthI vadhato jAya che tema jJAtAnA atyaMta zubha adhyavasAyonA kAraNe A jJAna paNa pahelA jeTaluM utpanna thayeluM hatuM tenA karatA uttarottara vadhatuM jAya che. (4) hIyamAna avadhijJAna :- utpattikSetramAM ghaNuM (vistRta) utpanna thayA pachI tevA prakAranA adhyavasAyonA hrAsa thavAnA kAraNe kramazaH je avadhijJAna alpa-alpataraviSayavALuM banatuM jAya tene hAyamAna" kahevAya. ImpaNarUpa upAdAnanI paraMparA jemAM naSTa thaI gaI hoya tevI agnizikhA sAthe A jJAnane sarakhAvyuM che. jemAM utpanna thayelA agnimAM anya ImpaNa (kASThAdi) nAMkhavAmAM na Ave to navAM ImpaNa na maLavAthI ane pUrvaprakSipta ImpaNa pratikSaNa baLatuM rahevAthI ghaTatuM jatuM hovAthI te agnizikhA kramazaH ghaTatI jAya che tema prastuta avadhijJAna vize upanaya samajavo (5) pratipAtI avadhijJAna :- jema jalataraMga utpanna thatA kSaNa-be kSaNamAM ja hato na hato thaI jAya che. tema utpanna thatA ja zIdhra (eka sAmaTuM) naSTa thaI jatuM avadhijJAna "pratipAtI kahevAya che. (ahIM hIyamAna ane pratipAtI banne vinazvara hovA chatAM te be vacceno bheda e che ke hIyamAna dhIme dhIme ghaTatuM jAya che ane aMte sarvathA naSTa thAya che. jyAre pratipAtI to pavananA jhapATAthI eka jhATake olavAI jatI dIpazikhAnI jema eka jhATake ja sarvathA naSTa thAya che.) (6) apratipAtI avadhijJAna :- ekavAra utpanna thayA pachI kevaLajJAna pragaTe tyAM sudhI TakI rahe (athavA, acaramazarIrI hoya to) mRtyuparyata TakI rahe te avadhijJAnane "apratipAtI' kahevAya che.

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jaina tarkabhASA nAgnijvAlA parihIyate tathedamapIti / utpattyanantaraM nirmUlanazvaraM pratipAti, jalataraGgavat, yathA jalataraGga utpannamAtra eva nirmUlaM vilIyate tathedamapi / AkevalaprApterAmaraNAdvA avatiSThamAnamapratipAti, vedavat, yathA puruSavedAdirApuruSAdiparyAyaM tiSThati tathedamapIti / - manomAtrasAkSAtkAri manAparyavajJAnam / manaHparyAyAnidaM sAkSAtparicchettumalam, bAhyAkvaciddhIyamAnaM, hIyamAnaM ca kvacid vardhamAnaM bhavet / anugAmyapi kvacidvardhamAnAdilakSaNamevamanAnugAmyapi kvacid vardhamAnaM kvaciddhIyamAnamityAdikaM yathAgamamUhanIyaM / "vedavaditi - vedodayasya navamaguNasthAnakasyAnte vicchedAd vedodayavaditi parityajya vedavadityuktam / 'manomAtrasAkSAtkAri manaHparyavajJAnam' - mano dvividhaM - dravyamano bhAvamanazca, tatra manovargaNA jIvena gRhItAH satyo manyamAnAzcintyamAnA dravyamano'bhidhIyate / bhAvamanastu jJAnarUpam / sAkSAtkArApekSayeha dravyamanaH paudgalikaM parigRhyate, jJaptisAmAnyApekSayA khalu syAd bhAvamanaso'pi parigrahaH, anumAnatastadavagamAt / kevalajJAnamapi vakSyamANasvarUpaM sakalaviSayakatvena manodravyANyavagantumalam, avadhirapi kazcid rUpidravyaviSayakatvena, dravyamanasazca manovargaNApudgalapariNAmAtmakatayA pitvAnmanodravyANi paricchettumalam syAdato'tivyAptirApadyeta, tannirAkaraNAya 'mAtra'padopAdAnam / nanu manazcintitabAhyavastvAkAreNa pariNataM jAnAno manaHparyavajJAnI manasi svAkArAdhAyakaM cintanIyaM bAhyavastvapi jAnIta eveti kuta AyAtaM manodravyamAtrasAkSAtkAritvaM manaHparyavajJAne'pi, manobhinnacintanIyabAhyavastuno'pi tatrAvagamAditi avyAptyAzaGkApanodAyAha- 'mnHpryaayaaniti'| ayamabhiprAyaH iha manastvapariNataiH skandhairAlocitaM bAhyamarthaM ghaTAdilakSaNaM sAkSAdadhyakSato manaHparyavajJAnI na jAnAti, kintu manodravyANAmeva A jJAnane veda sAthe sarakhAvyuM che. puruSavedAdi jema puruSAdi paryAya rahe tyAM sudhI rahe che. (eTale ke caramazarIrIne puruSAdiparyAyano saMpUrNanAza caudamAM guNasthAnakanA aMte thAya tyAM sudhI, athavA acaramazarIrIne mRtyu sudhI (eTale ke anyavedayuktaparyAya utpanna na thAya tyAM sudhI rahe che) tema, prastuta avadhijJAna paNa kevaLajJAna ke mRtyu sudhI avazya TakI rahe che. * bhanAparyavajJAnana ni35| * have yathAkrama mana:paryavajJAnanuM nirUpaNa kare che. mana:paryavajJAnanuM lakSaNa jaNAve che. "mAtra mananuM (dravyamananuM) ja jJAna kare tene mana:paryavajJAna kahevAya che." (lakSaNamAM "mAtra' pada avadhikevaLajJAnamAM ativyAptinuM vAraNa karavA mATe mUkyuM che.) A jJAna mananA paryAyone arthAtu, jIve manarUpe pariNamAvelA manovargaNAnA pugalone ja jANavAmAM samartha che. kahevAnuM tAtparya e che ke jIvane vicAra karavA mATe manovaNAnA pudgalono sahAro levo paDe che. gRhIta thayelA te pudgalone jIva manarUpe pariNamAve che. manarUpe pariNamelA A pugalone dravyamana" kahevAya che. dravyamana svarUpa pudgalono amuka niyata AkAra joIne pachI te jJAnI evuM anumAna kare che ke A vyaktie amuka

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pramANapariccheda narthAn punastadanyathA'nupapattyA'numAnenaiva paricchinattItti draSTavyam / tad dvividhamRjumativipulamatibhedAt / RjvI sAmAnyagrAhiNI matiH RjumatiH / sAmAnyazabdo'tra vipulamatyatathArUpapariNAmAnyathAnupapattito'numAnato jAnAti, Aha ca bhASyakRdapi ' jANai bajjheNumANeNaM" ( vize. bhA. gA. 814) / prayogazcAtretthaM draSTavyaH cintakasya manaso'yaM ghaTAdyAkAraparyAyaH cintanIyabAhyavastujanitaH, tadAkAraparyAyatvAt, yo hi yadAkAraparyAyaH sa tadvastujanito yathA sphaTike japAkusumaraktAkAraparyAyo japAkusumajanitaH / itthaJcaitadaGgIkartavyaM yato mUrtadravyAlambanamevedaM manaHparyavajJAnamiSyate, mantArastvamUrtamapi dharmAstikAyAdikaM jIvAdikaM vA manyeran / tato'numAnata eva cintitamarthamavabudhyate nAnyatheti pratipattavyam / ata eva lakSaNavAkye manomAtrajJAnatvamapahAya manomAtrasAkSAtkAritvamuktamiti nAvyAptiriti bhAvaH / 'sAmAnyagrAhiNIti asyAM ca vyutpattau svatantrameva jJAnamabhidheyaM, yadA punastadvAnabhidheyo vivakSyate tadaivaM vyutpattiH Rjva sAmAnyagrAhiNI matirasyeti RjumatiH, tathA vipulA = vizeSagrAhiNI matirasyeti vipulamatiH / sAmAnyagrahaNaM ca yathA 'ghaTo'nena cintita' ityAdisAmAnyAkArAdhyavasAyanibandhanabhUta-katipayaparyAyaviziSTamanodravyaparicchittilakSaNaM / vizeSagrahaNaM ca yathA 'sa ca ghaTaH sauvarNaH pATaliputrako'dyatano mahAnapavarakasthito phalapihita' ityAdyadhyavasAyahetubhUta-prabhUtavizeSaviziSTamanodravyaparicchittilakSaNaM / etena 'matipadaM jJAnaparaM jJAnasya ca RjutvaM vipulatvaM cAyuktaM, 'nirguNA guNA:' ( tattvArtha. 5/40 ) iti vacanAt, mUrteSu caiSa vyavahAraH, 'RjvI vipulA cAGguliriti, jJAne tvamUrte etatkalpanA na sAdhIyasIti apahastitaM draSTavyaM, grAhyaniSThAyA RjutAyA vipulatAyAzcaiva grahaNAt, tathaiva ca jJAnasya tathAvyapadezAd yA matiH sAmAnyaM gRhNAti sA RjvI, vizeSaM gRhNatIti ca vipuletyarthaH / sAmAnyapadamapyatra stokAbhidhAyi jJeyamanyathA manaHparyAyadarzanaprasaGgAt, ato vizeSameva gRhNantyapi sA ekaM dvau vA gRhNantI pravartate, vipulamatizca vipulAn vizeSAn gRhNantI pravartate / ataH vizuddhikRto vizeSo'sya darzito bhavati / asti hi anyadapi vailakSaNyamanayoH tathAhi - Rjumatizca prAptyanantaraM kasyacit pramAdAdivazataH pratipatedapi, vipulamatizca AkevalaprApteH tiSThati / uktaM ca 'vizuddhayapratipAtAbhyAM tadvizeSaH' (tattvA. 1/25) 'manaHparyAyadarzanaprasaGgAdi'ti nanu kathaM manaHparyAyadarzanaM niSiddhyate ? AgamAnurodheneti cet, Agame tadabhihitameva tathA hi 'sannipaMceMdiANaM pajjattayANaM maNogae bhAve jANai pAsai 2 vastuno vicAra karyo che, anyathA A dravyamanano Avo AkAra je jovA maLe che te asaMgata banI jAya' ahIM eTalo khyAla rAkhavo ke A anumAna to mati-zrutajJAnAtmaka thaze. mana:paryavajJAna to dravyamanano (pugalono) je sAkSAtkAra karyo tene ja kahevAya. AnA be bheda che. - (1) Rtubhati manaHparyavajJAna : AA sAmAnyagrAhI hoya che. ahIM 'sAmAnya' pahano artha khevo samajavo ke 'vipulamatinI apekSAe alpaviSayonuM grahaNa kare che,' bAkI to A paNa vizeSagrAhI ja che, paNa pharaka eTalo ke vipulamatinI apekSAe alpavizeSonuM grahaNa kare. jo Ane 1. jAnAti bAhyAnumAnena / 2. saMjJipaJcendriyANAM paryAptAnAM manogatAn bhAvAn jAnAti pazyati / = 93

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74 jaina takabhASA pekSayA'lpavizeSaparaH, anyathA sAmAnyamAtragrAhitce manaHparyAyadarzanaprasaGgAt / vipulA vizeSagrAhiNI matirvipulamatiH / tatra RjumatyA ghaTAdimAtramanena cintitamiti jJAyate, vipulamatyA tu paryAyazatopetaM tat paricchidyata iti / ete ca dve jJAne vikalaviSayatvAdvikalapratyakSe (naMdisUtra pR.108) atra jJAnApekSayA jAnAtItyuktaM darzanopekSayA ca pazyatIti kutrAgamavirodho manaHparyAyadarzana iti cet, na, abhiprAyAnavagamAt, manaHparyAyajJAnI manodravyarUpeNa pariNatAn pudgalAn tadgatAn varNAdibhAvA~-zcaiva sAkSAdavabudhyate'to jAnAtItyucyate, cintitaM bAhyamarthaM tvanumAnata eva, atastadapekSayA pazyatItyucyate tatra manonimittasyAcakSurdarzanasya sambhavAt, Aha ca cUrNikAra:- saNNiNA maNatteNaM maNNite maNokhaMdhe aNaMte aNaMtapadesie davvaTThatAe taggae ya vaNNAdie bhAve maNapajjavaNANeNaM paccakkhaM pekkhamANo jANaitti bhaNitaM, muNiyatthaM puNa paccakkhaM No pekkhai, jeNa maNodavvAlaMbaNaM muttamamuttaM vA so ya chaumattho taM aNumANao pekkhai, ato pAsaNiyA bhaNiyA'1 iti| athavA, sAmAnyata ekarUpe'pi jJAne kSayopazamasya tattadravyAdyapekSya vaicitryasambhavAdanekavidha upayogaH sambhavati, yathA'traiva RjumativipulamatirUpaH, tato vipulamatyAvagataviziSTataramanodravyAkAraparicchedApekSayA jAnAtItyucyate, RjumatyAvagatasAmAnyamanodravyAkAraparicchedApekSayA tu pazyatIti, tathA cAha cUrNikRd - 'ahavA chaumatthassa egavihakhaovasamalaMbhe'vi vivihovaogasaMbhavo bhavai, jahA ettheva RjumaivipulamaINaM uvaogo, ao visesasAmannatthesu uvajujjai jANai pAsaitti bhaNiyaM na doso'2 iti| atra 'egavihakhaovasamalaMbhe'vi'tti sAmAnyata ekarUpe'pi kSayopazamalambhe'pAntarAle dravyAdyapekSayA kSayopazamasya vaicitryasambhavAdvividhopayogasambhavo bhavatIti jJeyam / yathaiva hi agretanApAyApekSayA prAktanasyApAyasya vizeSaviSayakasyApi vyavahArato'vagrahatvaM samarthitaM pUrvaM, nizcayena ca ekasAmayika evAvagraha punaH pratyapAdi tadvadatrApi viziSTataramanodravyAkAracchedo vyavahAranayena darzanarUpo'pi nizcayena punaH so'pi jJAnameva na darzanaM, yataH sAmAnyarUpamapi manodravyAkArapratiniyatameva pazyati, pratiniyatavizeSagrahaNAtmakaM ca jJAnaM na darzanamata eva sUtre'pi darzanacAturvidhyamevAvalokyate, na paJcavidhamapi, manaHparyAyadarzanasya sAmAnyamAtragrAhI mAno to Ane "jJAna' na kahetA "mana:paryavadarzana' kahevuM paDaze. kAraNa ke jJAna vizeSagrAhI hoya che jyAre darzana sAmAnyaprANI hoya che. ane AvuM mAnavAthI apasiddhAnta doSa Ave kAraNa ke jaina siddhAntamAM mana:paryava darzana mAnyuM nathI. (2) vipulamati mana:paryavajJAna Rjumati karatA A adhika vizeSagrAhI hoya che. RjumatimAM jo "teNe ghaDAno vicAra karyo eTaluM ja jaNAya to vipulamatimAM teNe amadAvAdI lAla ghaDAno vicAra karyo ItyAdi jaNAya. avadhijJAna mAtra rUpIdravyaviSayaka ja che jyAre mana:paryavajJAna to mAtra manoviSayaka ja che. 1. saJjhinA manastvena pariNatAn manaHskandhAnanantAn anantaprAdezikAn dravyArthatayA tadgatAMzca varNAdikAn bhAvAn manaHparyavajJAnena pratyakSa prekSamANo jAnAtIti bhaNitaM, jJAtamarthaM punaH pratyakSaM na prekSate yena manodravyAlaMbanaM mUrtamamUrtaM vA, sa ca chadmasthastamanumAnataH prekSate, ataH pazyattA bhaNitA / 2. athavA chadmasthasya ekavidhakSayopazamalAbhe'pi vividhopayogasambhavo bhavati, yathAtraiva RjumativipulamatyorupayogaH ato vizeSasAmAnyArtheSupayujyate jAnAti pazyatIti bhaNitaM, na doSaH /

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pramANapariccheda paribhASyete / nikhiladravyaparyAyasAkSAtkAri kevalajJAnam / ata evaitatsakalapratyakSam / taccAvaraNakSayasya toraikyAdbhedarahitam / AvaraNaM cAtra karmaiva, sarvaviSaye'pravRttimato'smadAdijJAnasya sAvaraNatvAt, asarvaviSayatve vyAptijJAnAbhAvaprasaGgAt, sAvaraNatvAbhAve' spaSTatvAnupapattezca / AvaraNasya paramArthato'sambhavAt / vyAkhyAprajJaptI AzIviSoddezake manaHparyavajJAne cakSuracakSulakSaNe dve darzane, yo hi jJAnacatuSTayavAMstasyAvadhisametAni trINi darzanAni proktAni / prajJApanAyAM ca triMzattamapade manaHparyavajJAnasya prakRSTe kSaNalakSaNA sAkAropayogavizeSarUpA pazyattA proktA, tayaivAsau 'manaH paryavajJAnI pazyatI 'ti vyapadizyata iti na kiJcinmanaHparyavajJAnasamaniyataM darzanamatiricyata iti dik / vistarArthinA tu AvazyakabhASyajJAnabindavAdikagranthA avalokanIyAH / dvividhamapIdaM manaHparyAyajJAnamAmarzoSadhyAdilabdhiprAptasya saGkhyeyavarSAyuSkasya apramattayatereva samutpadyate, avadhimantareNApi ca tadutpadyeteti prakRte'nuktamapi kiJcidadhikaM granthAntarAvasitaM jJeyam / 'AvaraNaJce 'ti asmAdRzAM carmacakSurbhRtAM jJAnamapi svabhAvato'zeSArthaviSayakameva tathApi yatkiJcitprakAzayati kiJcicca na tatra sAvaraNatvameva nibandhanam / aspaSTatayA'smadAdijJAnamapi sarvArthagrAhakaM, kathamanyathA 'idaM vAcyaM prameyatvAdityAdau yadyatprameyaM tattadvAcyamityevaM prameyatvAvAcyatvayoH sarvopasaMhAreNa vyAptigrahaH syAt / tathA vahnimAn dhUmAdityAdAvapi kathaM kAlAntarIyadezAntarIyadhUmavahnivyaktyupasaMhAreNa vyAptigraho yujyeteti jJAnamAtrasya sarvaviSayatvam / evamapi yatnavizeSataH svaviSaye pravRttistatrAvaraNameva tantram / 75 Ama vikalaviSayaka hovAthI (eTale ke, kevaLajJAnanI jema sakalaviSayaka na hovAthI) A banne jJAnanuM 'vikala pratyakSa' evuM paNa pAribhASika nAma che. * DevalajJAnanuM niDpA * kramaprApta kevaLajJAnanuM lakSaNa jaNAve che. traNe kALanA sarva dravyonA sarva paryAyono eka sAthe sAkSAtkAra kare te kevaLajJAna kahevAya. A jJAna sarvadravyaviSayaka hovAthI ja tene 'sakalapratyakSa' kahe che. jJAnAvaraNakarmano saMpUrNa kSaya e kevaLajJAnano ekamAtra hetu che. ahIM kAraNo aneka na hovAthI kevaLajJAnarUpa kAryamAM bheda nathI. matyAdi cAramAM svaAvArakakarmano kSayopazama e kAraNa che. kSayopazamamAM nyUnAdhikatA hoya che. tethI matyAdi cAra jJAnamAM paNa taratamatA rahevAthI tenA bheda paDe che. jyAre ahIM to karmakSayane kAraNa kahyuM che. kSaya eTale kSaya. temAM koI nyUnAdhikatA hotI nathI. tethI kevaLajJAna 'eka' ja che. jJAnanuM AvaraNa karma ja che ke jenA lIdhe pratyakSayogya vastunuM paNa jJAna na thaI zake evuM bane. bhIMta vagere to evA AvaraNo che ke je vyavahita vastunA jJAnano ja pratibaMdha karI zake paNa karma eka evuM AvaraNa che ke je bAjumAM paDelI vastunA jJAnano paNa pratibaMdha karI zake ane A AvaraNano kSayopazama ke saMpUrNa kSaya thaI jAya to kSetrathI ke kAlathI vyavahita vastunuM paNa jJAna thaI zake. ApaNA sahunuM jJAna paNa Ama to sarvapadArthaviSayaka ja che. paraMtu temAMthI

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76 ca karmaNo virodhinA samyagdarzanAdinA vinAzAt sidyati kaivalyam / 'yogajadharmAnugRhItamanojanyamevedamastu' iti kecit tannaH dharmAnugRhItenApi manasA paJcendriyArthajJAnavadasya janayitumazakyatvAt / jaina tarkabhASA 'yogajadharmeti - yogAbhyAsajanitadharmavizeSasahakRtamanasA yogino'zeSArthaviSayakaM jJAnaM prAdurasti tadeva kaivalyamiti vaizeSikAdayaH prAhuH / tannopapattimad, yato'NuparimANasya manaso'zeSArthaiH samaM yugapatsambandhAbhAvaH, tajjJAnajanakatvAsambhavAt / anyathA dIrghazaSkulIbhakSaNAdau yugapaccakSurAdibhirmanasaH sambandhaprasakteH rUpAdijJAnapaJcakasya yugapadutpattiprasaGgAd 'yugapajjJAnAnutpattirmanaso liGgamiti (go.sU.1/1/4) sUtraM viruddhayeta / anyatra kramazastaddarzanAdatrApi kramakalpanA'stu tathA ca kathamasya sakalajJatA, nikhilapadArthakoTerAnantyena bhavasahasrakoTibhirapi krmikjnyaanvissytvaasmbhvaat| kiJca, yogajadharmAnugrahe'pi indriyairmanasA vA na svaviSayavyatirekeNa pravartanaM, paJcendriyakalpanAvaiyarthyaprasaGgAt / potAnA amuka viSayane ja te spaSTa rIte jaNAvI zake che ane zeSa viSayone jaNAvI zakatuM nathI tethI jaNAya che ke ApaNuM jJAna sAvaraNa che. prazna : 'ApaNuM jJAna paNa sarvapadArthaviSayaka che. paNa, sAvaraNa hovAthI ja sarvapadArthono spaSTa bodha karAvI zakatuM nathI" AvuM zAnA AdhAre kaho cho ? uttara : ApaNuM jJAna paNa atyaMta aspaSTa rIte to sarvapadArthone grahaNa kare ja che, zeSane nahIM, temAM sAvaraNatva ja kAraNa bane che. jo ApaNuM jJAna aspaSTa rIte paNa sarva pAdarthone grahaNa na karatuM hoya to vyAptijJAna thaI nahIM zake. 'rUM vAvyuM jJeyatvat' AvI anumitimAM 'yaMtra yaMtra jJeyatnuM taMtra taMtra vAcyatva' (arthAt yav yar jJeyaM tattavuM vAcyuM evuM jJAna zI rIte thaI zake ? kAraNa ke A vyApti sarvapadArthone viSaya banAve che tethI ApaNuM jJAna paNa aspaSTa rIte to badhA ja padArthone grahaNa kare che ema mAnavuM ja paDe. (prazna : jo ApaNuM jJAna aspaSTa rIte ya sarva padArthone jaNAvatuM hoya to pachI koI tadana navA padArthane jotA 'aho ! A to pahelI ja vAra joyo' evI apUrvatAnI buddhi kema thAya che? uttara H taddana navI vastune jotI vakhate paNa temAM vastutvano bodha kaMI navo nathI thato. te to pUrve thayelo ja hato. mAtra te vastunA vizeSAMzono bodha ja pahelIvAra thato hoya che ane mATe ja apUrvatAnI ukta buddhi thAya che. jo pUrve aspaSTa rIte paNa te padArtha jaNAyelo na hota to pachI te padArthane jotI vakhate 'aho ! A to kaMIka vastu lAge che ! avastu nahIM' ema thavuM joItuM hatuM. paNa evuM thatuM nathI tethI jaNAya che ke pUrve te vastu aspaSTa rIte (vastutvena) to jJAta hatI ja mAtra vizeSarUpe ja pahelIvAra jaNAI.) mAtra ApaNuM jJAna sAvaraNa hovAthI spaSTa rIte jaNAvatuM nathI. jo sAvaraNa na hoya to aspaSTa ullekha kema thAya ? spaSTa ullekha ja thaI jAta ne ! paNa spaSTa ullekha thato nathI. tethI sAva2Na che ema mAnavuM ja paDe. ane AvaraNa to svavirodhI vastuthI haNAI jAya che. karmarUpa AvaraNa paNa svavirodhI samyagdarzanAdi dvArA vinaSTa thAya che ane AtmAnuM sattAgata AvarAyeluM saMpUrNajJAna pragaTa thAya che. A ja kevaLajJAna che. pUrvapakSa H karmAvaraNa dUra thatA kevaLajJAna utpanna thAya che evuM mAnavA karatA yogAbhyAsa janita :

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pramANapariccheda 'kavalabhojinaH kaivalyaM na ghaTate' iti dikpaTa: tannaH AhAraparyAptyasAtavedanIyodayAdiprasUtA kavalabhuktyA kaivalyAvirodhAt, ghAtikarmaNAmeva tadvirodhitvAt / dagdharajjusthAnIyAttatto na tadutpattiriti cet; nanvevaM tAdRzAdAyuSo bhavopagraho'pi na syAt / kiJca, anugRhItenaikenendriyeNa manasaiva vA sakalArthagrahaNAsambhavAt / yathA ca na paJcendriyArthajJAnajanane manaso'nugRhItasyApi kevalasya sAmarthyaM tadvanna manasaH kevalajJAnajanane sAmarthya smsti| 'kipaTI ni vipara rUtyartha. tevAmayamAzaya - "veninaH vavanAdAro ne samati, kaivlyaanythaanupptteH'| nirAkaroti 'tanna' ityaadinaa| AhAraparyAptiH = zaktivizeSo, yasya karmaNo balAdAhAraM kartuM, khalarasAditayA taM pariNantuM prabhavati jIvastadAhAraparyAptinAmakarma tasya, asAtavedanIyakarmaNazcodayAdiprabhavA kavalabhuktiH / sA ca kathaM kaivalyavirodhinI syAt, ghAtikarmaNAmeva tadvirodhitvAt, teSAM ca vinaSTatvena ajJAnAdighAtikarmodbhavadoSAsambhavAt, kSudhA ca vedanIyodbhavatayA na kaivalyavirodhinI yena kavalabhuktyA kaivalyAnupapattiH syAt / atha bhagavatAM vedanIyaM karma sadapi dagdharajjusthAnikamiti dharmavizeSanI sahAya manane maLe tyAre te baLavAna mana ja sakala padArthonuM jJAna karaze. A manojanyajJAna ja kevaLajJAna che. (AvuM vaizeSikAdi kahe che.) uttarapakSa : A vAta paNa barAbara nathI. kAraNa ke yogaja dharmathI sahakRta manathI paNa jema pAMce ya IndriyonA viSayonuM grahaNa thaI zakatuM nathI tema kevaLajJAna paNa thaI zakatuM nathI. tethI svAvArakakarmanA saMpUrNakSayathI utpanna thatuM ane Atmadravya sivAya bIjA koInI apekSA vinA ja sarvapadArthAvabodhaka banI zakatuM kevaLajJAna mAnavuM ja ucita che. * kevaLajJAnano jvalAhAra sAthe avirodha * kevaLajJAnanuM nirUpaNa karyA bAda prasaMga kevaLajJAna ane kavalAhAra vacce virodha mAnanArA digambara matanA nirAkaraNapUrvaka te be vacceno avirodha prasthApita kare che. digambara : kavalAhAra karanArane kaivalya saMbhavI na zake. kevaLajJAnI kavalAhAra kare nahIM. zvetAmbara : tamArI vAta barAbara nathI. kAraNa ke AhAraparyApti nAmakarma, azAtA vedanIya karmanA udaya vagerenA kAraNe jema ApaNe kavalAhAra karIe tema kevaLI bhagavaMta paNa kare temAM koI bAdha nathI. kavalAhAra ane kevaLajJAnane paraspara virodha nathI. kevaLajJAnanuM virodhI to mAtra ghAtikarma ja che. azAtAvedanIyAdi to aghAti karma che. tene kevaLajJAna sAthe virodha nathI. digambara : yadyapi azAtA vedanIyAdino udaya kevaLajJAnIne paNa hoya che. paraMtu kevaLajJAnarUpa pracaMDa agninA tApathI te aghAti karmo bicArA baLelA doraDA jevA thaI gayA hoya che. baLeluM doraDuM hAjara hovA chatAM paNa jema koI kAmamAM AvI zakatuM na hovAthI nAmanuM ja hoya che tema kevaLInuM azAtAvedanIya karma paNa udita thavA chatAM ya potAno vipAka batAvI zakatuM nathI. zvetAmbara : jo evuM mAno to pachI AyuSyakarma paNa dagdharajusthAnIya hovAthI teno udaya hovA chatAM ya tenA vipAkarUpe saMsAramAM sthiti nahIM rahe.

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78 jaina takabhASA audArikazarIrasthitiH kathaM kavalabhuktiM vinA bhagavataH syAt / anantavIryatvena tAM vinA tadupapattau chadmasthAvasthAyAmapyaparimitabalatvazravaNAd bhuktyabhAvaH syAdityanyatra vistaraH / uktaM pratyakSam atha parokSamucyate aspaSTaM parokSam / tacca smaraNa-pratyabhijJAna-tarkA-'numAnA''gamabhedataH paJcaprakAram / anubhavamAtrajanyaM jJAnaM smaraNaM, yathA tat tIrthakarabimbam / na cedamapramANam, na tajjaTharAgniprajvAlanAyAlamiti kathaM kavalabhuktisambhava iti cet, na, taddagdharajjusthAnikatvapravAdasyAprAmANikatvAt, taduktaM sUtrakRtAGgavRttau - 'yadapi dagdharajjusthAnikatvamucyate vedanIyasya tadapyanAgamikamayauktikaM c'| yuktivaikalyaM svayameva darzayati 'AyuSo'pI'tyAdinA, zeSaM spaSTArthakam / vistarArthinA adhyAtmamataparIkSA-kevalIbhuktidvAtriMzikAdikamavalokanIyam / 'anubhavamAtrajanyamiti - mAtrapadaM vakSyamANapratyabhijJAnabhede'tivyAptivAraNArtham / jJAnapadaM matibheda lakSaNe saMskAre'tivyAptivAraNArthaM / saMskAre copacaritameva jJAnatvamiti darzitaM prAk / nanu 'vAsanobodhahetukA tAtparya : AyuSyakarma beDI jevuM hovAthI jyAM sudhI te karma hoya tyAM sudhI jIvane te bhavamAM avasthita rahevuM paDe che. paraMtu, tamArA mata mujaba to AyuSyakarma paNa dagdharajusthAnIya thaI gayeluM hovAthI teno vipAka batAvI zakavAmAM asamartha thaI jaze ane mATe kevalIbhagavaMto kaivalyaprApti pachI tarata ja nirvANa (mRtyu) pAme evuM mAnavAnI Apatti Avaze. vaLI, kavalAhAranA AdhAre ja dArikazarIra TakI zake che evo kAryakAraNabhAva ApaNA audArika zarIramAM nirNata thaI jAya che. tethI kevaLajJAnI bhagavaMtanuM audArika zarIra paNa kavalAhAra vinA zI rIte TakI zake e paNa eka prazna che. digambara : ApaNuM anaMtavIrya pragaTyuM nathI mATe ApaNe kavalAhAra levo paDe, jyAre kaivAlyaprAptinI sAthe ja anaMtavIrya (kSAyikavIya) jemanuM pragaTa thaI gayuM hoya tevA kevaLajJAnI bhagavaMtonA audArika zarIra kavalAhAra vinA paNa TakI zake che. zvetAmbara : ema to bhagavAnano janma thAya tyArathI ja teo aparimita (atIva) baLavALA hoya che. janmajAta aMguThAnA sparzamAtrathI lAkha yojana UMco acala meruparvata dhrujAvI devAnuM apratIma sAmarthya dharAvanArane chadmasthatAmAM ya kavalAhAra anAvazyaka che ema ja mAnI lyo ne! mATe kevaLajJAnIne kavalAhAra hovAmAM koI bAdha nathI. A viSayano vistAra anyatra (adhyAtmamata parIkSAdimAM) karelo che. Ama, ahIM sAMvyavahArika-pAramArthika banne prakAranA pratyakSa pramANanuM nirUpaNa pUrNa thayuM. * parokSapramANa-smRtimAM prAmANyanI siddhi pratyakSa pramANanA nirUpaNa pachI parokSapramANanuM nirUpaNa kare che. A eka navo adhikAra zarU thAya che te sUcavavA 'natha' zabda mUkyo che. parokSajJAna pratyakSajJAnanI apekSAe aspaSTa hoya che. aspaSTatA parokSapramANanuM sAmAnya lakSaNa che. parokSapramANanA pAMca prakAra che. (1)smaraNa

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pramANapariccheda pratyakSAdivadavisaMvAdakatvAt / atItatattAMze vartamAnatvaviSayatvAdapramANamidamiti cet; tadityAkArA smRtiH' (pra.mI.2/3), 'saMskAraprabodhasambhUtamanubhUtArthaviSayaM tadityAkAravedanaM smaraNamiti' (pra.na.ta.3/3) ityAdinA granthAntare smRteH saMskArajanyatvamabhihitaM, prakRtagranthe'pi 'smRtihetuH saMskAraH' ityAdinA ca smRteH saMskArajanyatvaM prAgabhihitamidAnImatrAnubhavajanyatvamabhidhIyata iti kimatra tathyamiti cet, zRNu, anubhavamAtrakaraNaM saMskAradvArakaM jJAnaM smaraNamabhidhIyate / yathA ghaTasya tattvataH cakrabhramaNajatve'pi daNDajatve'bhidhIyamAne na vAstavaH kazcidvirodhastadvadatrApi bodhyam / yadvA, smRteranubhavamAtrajanyatvaM vyavahAranayena, saMskAraprabodhajanyatvaM ca nizcayanayeneti nayavibhAgakRtalakSaNavailakSaNyaM na doSakRditi dik / ___'atItatattAMze' iti - nyAya-vaizeSika-sAGkhya-yoga-mImAMsA-bauddhAdidarzanAnAM smRterapramANatvam / pradhAnamallopamardananyAyenAdau cintAmaNikAramatamupanyasya duussyti| cintAmaNikAro hi "yadvA, 'sa ghaTA' iti smRtau tattAviziSTasya vartamAnatA bhAsate... tatra vizeSyasya vizeSaNasya vA vartamAnatvAbhAvAt smRtirayathArtheva' (pratyakSacintA.) ityAdinA granthena 'sa ghaTo'sti' ityAdismRtau taddezakAlavartitvarUpatattAviziSTe vizeSyabhUte ghaTe taddezakAlavartitvarUpe tattArUpavizeSaNe vA vartamAnakAlInAstitvAvagAhitayA, tatra ca tathAbhUte viziSTe vizeSaNe vA vArtamAnikAstitvasya bAdhAt smRterayathArthatvaM darzitavAn / prakRtagranthakArastu cintAmaNikArAGgIkRtaM vizeSaNe vizeSyakAlabhAnaniyama sArvatrikatvenAnabhyupagamya tanniyamaniyamyaM cintAmaNikArasamarthitaM smRtyathArthatvamapAkaroti 'sarvatra vizeSaNe vishessykaalbhaanaaniymaadi'tyaadinaa| tathA ca granthakAramate 'sa ghaTaH' ityAdau atItatattAMze vartamAnakAlavartitvasya bhAnAbhAvAt (2)pratyatmizAna (3)13 (4) anumAna (5) mAgama. mA mpi|2m // pAMye ya mehornu maza: nirUpaNa karAze. sau prathama smaraNanuM lakSaNa jaNAve che. "je jJAna mAtra anubhavajJAnathI ja utpanna thAya che tene sm25|| 43vAya che.' 68.d. 'te miliM'... (34 me yA varSe lIyesuM... tyAdi pUrve jANelA padArtha vize vartamAnamAM A je jJAna thayuM tene smaraNa kahevAya.) lakSaNAMzamAM "mAtra' pada na kahe to pratyabhijJAnamAM lakSaNa ativyApta bane kAraNa ke pratyabhijJAna (vakSyamANa pramANabheda) paNa anubhavajanya to che ja. "mAtra' padathI A ativyAptinuM vAraNa thAya che. kAraNa ke pratyabhijJAna to anubhava, smRti se pannethI 4nya che. anubhavamAnya nathI. (nyaay-vaishessi-yog-saaNsymImAMsaka-bauddhAdidarzano smRtine pramANa mAnatA nathI. jyAre jainadarzane tene pramANa mAne che. tethI granthakAra nyAyAdi matanA nirasanapUrvaka temAM prAmANyanI siddhi kare che. granthakAra sau prathama tattvaciMtAmaNikAra gaMgeza upAdhyAya (navyarnayAyika) nA matanuM khaMDana kare che.) ati aMge gaMgeza upAdhyAyanA matanuM khaMDana pUrva pakSaH smRtimAM viSaya banato padArtha to atItakAlIna (pUrvAnubhUta) hoya che ane smRtimAM to te pahA vartamAnamA vidyamAna Doya mevI rIte 4||y che. 'sa ghaTo'sti' bhAM 'tata' 54thI pUrvAnubhUtanuM ja grahaNa karAyuM che. tattA = te paNuM. A vizeSaNa che. tadezakAlavartitvarUpa je tattA (vizeSaNamAM) vartamAnakAlIna astitvanuM avagAhana thAya che ke je bAdhita che. tethI smRti ayathArtha

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80 jaina takabhASA na; sarvatra vizeSaNe vizeSyakAlabhAnAniyamAt / anubhavapramAtvapAratantryAdatrApramAtvamiti cet, na; anumiterapi vyAptijJAnAdipramAtvapAratantryeNApramAtvaprasaGgAt / anumiterutpattI ekasminneva ghaTAtmake dharmiNi atItatattAyAH vartamAnakAlavartitvasya ca svAtantryeNaiva bhAnAnna smRterayathArthatvamiti bhaavH| atrAyambhAvaH - 'jinadatto dhanavAn vartate' ityAdisthalIyazAbdabodhe jinadattAdhikaraNakAlavartitvasya dhanAMze, 'bhujAnAzzerate' ityAdisthalIyazAbdabodhe tu bhojanAdhikaraNakAlavartitvasya zayanAMze bhAsamAnatayA kvacid vidheyAMze uddezyasamAnakAlInatvasya kvacicca uddezyatAvacchedakasamAnakAlInatvasya bhAnamiti sArvatriko niyamazcintAmaNikArasyAbhipretaH / parantu 'brAhmaNaH zramaNaH' ityAdisthalIyazAbdabodhe brAhmaNatvAMze zramaNAdhikaraNakAlavartitvasya, zramaNatvAdhikaraNatatkAlavartitvasya vA bhAnAbhAvAt noktaniyamasya sArvatrikatvaM, kintu prAmANikapratItibalAd yatra yatra vidheyAMze uddezyakAlInatvaM uddezyatAvacchedakakAlInatvaM vA bhAsate, tatra tatraiva uktaniyamasya prasaro na tu sarvatreti grnthkaaraabhipraayH| itthameva cAnubhUtaghRtAdhAraparyAye riktaghaTe ghRtaghaTavyapadezo'pi snggcchte| anyadIyapramAtvanirapekSatve satyeva pramAtvasya pramAvyavahAraprayojakatayA smRteryathArthatve'pi anubhavapramAtvAdhInapramAtvazAlitayA na svAtantryeNa pramAtvamiti udayanAcAryaiH samarthitaM (nyAyaku.4/1) smRtyapramAtvamAzaGkate 'anubhavapramAtvapAratantryAdatre'ti / pratibandhA nirAkaroti 'anumiterapi' ityAdinA / ayambhAvaH - anyadIyapramAtvanairapekSyamAtreNa smRtyapramAtve samarthayamAne virataiva parokSapramANakathA, yataH smRteH prAktanAnubhavApekSeva, pratyabhijJAnasya smaraNAnubhavApekSA, tarkasyAnubhava-smaraNAdyapekSeti yatkiJcidetat / kumArilabhaTTastu anadhigatArthAdhigantRtvameva pramANalakSaNaM manyamAnastadabhAvAdeva smRteraprAmANyaM svIkurute, che. tAtparya e che ke tattA aMzamAM atItatva pratIta hovA chatAM paNa temAM vartamAnatva bhAse che tethI smRti ayathArtha che. uttara pakSa : tamArI dalIla barAbara nathI. kAraNa ke evo sArvatrika niyama nathI ke jyAre jyAre koI viziSTabuddhi thAya tyAre vizeSaNamAM vizeSyano kALa paNa bhego jaNAvo ja joIe. vizeSaNamAM atItatva ane vizeSyamAM vartamAnatva ema banne svataMtra rIte jaNAya che tethI smaraNanuM pramANa mAnavAmAM koI vAMdho nathI. (jema ke nivRtta thaI gayelA prophesara mATe "prophesara jozI" evuM bolAya to tyAM vizeSaNa = prophesara aMzamAM atItakAlInatva ane vizeSya = jozI aMzamAM vartamAnatva nibaMdhapaNe jaNAya ja che. tethI vizeSaNamAM vizeSyano kALa paNa bhego jaNAvo ja joIe evo niyama sArvatrika nathI. (A rIte gaMgeza upAdhyAye tattvaciMtAmaNi (pratyakSakhaMDa)mAM smRtinI pramANatAnuM je rIte khaMDana kareluM che tenuM nirasana thAya che. have prAcInataiyAyika udayanAcAryanA matanuM nirasana kare che. nyAyakusumAMjalinA cothA tabakamAM temaNe "anubhavanA prabhAvane AdhIna pramAtvavALI hovAthI smRtine apramANa kahI che.) __* smRti gaMge dhyanAyArthanA matanuM nirasana * pUrva pakSaH smRti anubhavane AdhIna che. arthAta, pUrve anubhUtanuM ja smaraNa thaI zake che. vaLI,

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pramANapariccheda parApekSA, viSayaparicchede tu svAtantryamiti cet, na, smRterapyutpattAvevAnubhavasavyapekSatvAt, svaviSayaparicchede ca svAtantryAt / anubhavaviSayIkRtabhAvAvabhAsinyAH smRteviSayaparicchede'pi na svAtantryamiti cet tarhi vyAptijJAnAdiviSayIkRtAnarthAn paricchindatyA anumiterapi prAmANyaM dUrata eva / naiyatyenA'bhAta evArtho'numityA viSayIkriyata iti cet; tarhi tattayA'bhAta tadapi pralApamAtraM / nirUpitaM caitat prAg / kiJca, anadhigatArthAdhigantRtvaM dravyArthatayeSyate paryAyArthApekSayA vA? yadyAdyaH pakSastarhi dattA jalAJjaliranadhigatArthAdhigantRtvAya, dravyasya trikAlAvasthAyitayA jJAnamAtrasya gRhiitgraahitvaaptteH| dvitIyapakSe tu kA kSatiH, paryAyANAmaparAparakSaNaviziSTanAM grahaNe smRteragRhItagrAhitvAnapAyAt / kiJca, nihitamantritAdhItAdau hAnopAdAnahetoH paricchittivizeSasya prAktanAnubhavakAle'sato'pi sadbhAvaH smaraNakAle samasti / etena paricchittivizeSAbhAvAdaprAmANyaM smRterityapi nirastam / atrAha jayantabhaTTaH - 'na smRterapramANatvaM gRhItagrAhitAkRtam, api tvanarthajanyatvaM tdpraamaannykaarnnm'|| (nyAyama.) jJAyamAnasya viSayasya smRtikAle'bhAvAnnArthajanyatvaM smRteH, tatazcAprAmANyamiti pUrve thayelo anubhava jo pramArUpa hoya to ja tajjanya smaraNa paNa prArUpa banI zake che. anubhava e apramAtmaka hoya to tajjanya smRti paNa apramAtmaka utpanna thAya che. A rIte siddha thAya che ke smRtinuM pramAtva e anubhavanA prabhAvane AdhIna che ane tethI ja te smaraNane amArUpa kahI na zakAya. uttara pakSa : are ! A to tame pote je DALI para beThA cho tene ja kApavAnuM jokhamI kAma karI rahyA cho. anyajJAnanA pramAtvane AdhIna hovA mAtrathI ja smRtine apramANa kahI devAnuM sAhasa karazo to tame jene pramANa mAno cho evI anumiti paNa apramANa banI javAnI Apatti Avaze. kAraNa ke anumitinuM pramAtva paNa vyAptijJAnAdinA pramAtvane AdhIna che. jo vyAptijJAna apramAtmaka hoya to tajanya anumiti paNa apramAtmaka ja thavAnI. A rIte vyAptijJAnanA pramAtvane AdhIna pramAtvavALI hovAthI anumiti paNa apramANa banI javAnI Apatti Avaze. (upalakSaNathI samajI levuM ke sAdRzyajJAnanA pramAtvane AdhIna pramAtvavALI hovAthI upamiti paNa apramANa banI jaze, padajJAnanA pramAtvane AdhIna pramAtvavALo hovAthI zAbdabodha paNa apramANa banI jaze. jema ke ghaTa:" zabda bolAyo chatAM jo "paTa" evuM saMbhaLAya, to paTaviSayaka zAbdabodha ja thAya ke je bhramarUpa che.) tethI karaNanA pramAne AdhIna pramAtvavALA jJAnane apramANa kahI devAnuM sAhasa tamane ja bhAre paDe tevuM che. pUrva pakSa anumiti utpattimAM bhale parAdhIna (vyAtijJAnAghadhIna) hoya paNa utpanna thayA pachI to viSayanuM jJAna karAvavAmAM te svatantra ja che tethI tame ApelI Apatti rahetI nathI. uttara pakSa: ema to smRti paNa utpanna thavAmAM ja anubhavAdhIna che. ekavAra utpanna thaI gayA pachI to smaraNa paNa svataMtra rIte ja viSayanuM jJAna karAvI zake che. - pUrva pakSa : ajJAtanuM jJAna jenAthI thAya tene ja to pramANa kahevAya che. smaraNamAM to navuM kaMI jaNAtuM ja nathI. anubhavamAM pUrve jaNAI cukelo viSaya ja pharI jaNAya che. tethI viSayane jaNAvavAnI bAbatamAM paNa smRti kyAM svataMtra che ?

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jaina takabhASA evArthaH smRtyA viSayIkriyata iti tulyamiti na kiJcidetat / anubhavasmRtihetukaM tiryagUtAsAmAnyAdigocaraM saGkalanAtmakaM jJAnaM pratyabhijJAnam / yathA 'tajjAtIya evAyaM gopiNDaH' 'gosadRzo gavayaH' 'sa evAyaM jinadattaH' 'sa evAnenArthaH rucyate" "vitnakSano madiSa?" "rUTuM tamAruM dUra' "TuM tama samIpama "TuM tamAt bhAvaH tadapi tuccham, arthajanyatvAjjJAnasya prAmANyAbhyupagame marUmarIcikAdau jalajJAnamapyarthajanyatvAt pramANaM syAt / atha pratibhAsamAnArthajanyaM pramANamiSyate, tadA atItAnAgataviSayakAnumAnasyApyaprAmANyaM prasajyeteti samyagvyavasthitaM smRteH prAmANyam / - atha kramaprAptaM pratyabhijJAnaM hetuviSayasvarUpapradarzanapurassaraM lakSayannAha 'anubhavasmRtihetukami'ti' -anubhavazca pramANena grahaNaM, smRtizcAnantarAbhihitaiva, te dve heturyasya tadanubhavasmRtihetukaM, jJAnamityuttareNa yogaH / anena pratyabhijJAnasya kAraNamuktam / sAmAnyapadasya pratyekamabhisambandhAttiryaksAmAnyaM ca gavAdiSu sadRzapariNAmAtmakaM, UrdhvatAsAmAnyaM ca parAparaparyAyavyApi dravyaM, etadubhayamAdiryasya sAdRzyAderdharmastomasya, sa tiryagUrdhvatAsAmAnyAdigocaro viSayo yasya tttthaa| anena viSayAbhidhAnamasya / atha svarUpamAha 'saGkalanAtmakamiti - vivakSitadharmayuktatvena vastunaH pratyavamarzanamAtmA = svabhAvo yasya tatsaGkalanAtmakamiti / AdyodAharaNadvayena tiryaksAmAnyaviSaya, tRtIyena cordhvatAsAmAnyaviSayam / gosadRzo gavaya uttara pakSa H are ! A rIte to anumitimAM paNa garabaDa thaze. anumiti paNa te ja padArthane jaNAve che ke je padArtha pUrve vyAptijJAnAdimAM jaNAI gayo hoya che. pUrva pakSa : nA, evuM nathI. vyAptijJAnamAM to "jayAM jyAM dhUma hoya tyAM tyAM agni hoya che? eTaluM ja jaNAya che paNa agninuM koI niyata sthAna jaNAtuM nathI. jayAre anumitimAM to agni niyatarUpe (parvataniSTharUpe) jaNAya che tethI anumitimAM navo viSaya paNa jaNAya che. tethI anumiti to pramANa ja che. uttara pakSa : to pachI "tat'rUpe pUrve nahIM jaNAyelA padArthane viSaya banAvIne "tattvana" jaNAvanAra smaraNajJAna paNa pramANa banaze. tAtparya e che ke anubhavakALe to "TuM tIrthAravizvam AvuM IdattvaviziSTa jinabiMbanuM jJAna thayeluM. smaraNa vakhate "tIrthakaravivam' AvuM tattAviziSTa jinabiMbanuM jJAna thAya che. tethI pUrve ajJAta evA tat = vizeSaNanuM vaiziTya vizeSyamAM = jinabiMbamAM jaNAvanAra smRtijJAnane pramANa mAnavAmAM paNa koI vAMdho raheto nathI. A rIte smRti aMgenA naiyAyikamatanuM khaMDana thayuM eTale oche vatte aMze anyadarzanakAronA mantavyonuM khaMDana paNa aMtargatarUpe thaI gayeluM jANavuM. Ama paNa pradhAnamalla (naiyAyika) ne zikasta ApavAthI tenAthI nAnA mallonI sAthe alagathI kustI karyA vinA ja te parAsta thayelA gaNAya che. A rIte smRti paNa yathArthaviSayaka hovAthI pramANarUpa che e vAta siddha thaI. * pratyabhijJAnanuM nirUpaNa / smRtipramANanA nirUpaNa pachI have pratyabhijJAna pramANanuM lakSaNa jaNAve che. "anubhava ane

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pramANapariccheda prAMzu hrasvaM vA' ityAdi / tattedantArUpaspaSTAspaSTAkArabhedAnnaikaM pratyabhijJAnasvarUpamastIti zAkyaH; tanna; AkAraityudAharaNAntarAnusaraNamupamAnapramANasyAtraivAntarbhAvapradarzanArtham / gavayasya darzane pUrvAnubhUtagovyaktezca smaraNe gosadRzo gavaya iti sAdRzyAvagAhi pratyabhijJAnaM, mahiSadarzane pUrvAnubhUtagovyaktezca smaraNe 'govilakSaNo mahiSa' iti vailakSaNyAvagAhipratyabhijJAnam / yadapekSayA yaddUraM tasya smaraNe dUrasya vastunazcAnubhave sati 'idaM tasmAddUramiti jJAnamudetyato'nubhavasmRtihetukatvAt saGkalanAtmakatvAcca prtybhijnyaanmvseym| zeSeSUdAharaNeSvapyuktadizA pratyabhijJAnatA bhaavniiyaa| tattedantArUpe'ti - ayamatra bauddhAbhiprAyaH - 'sa' ityullekhaH pratyabhijJAne smaraNarUpatvenAspaSTaH, 'ayami'tyullekhazca pratyakSarUpatvena spssttH| tathA ca viruddhadharmAdhyAsAnnaikaM pratyabhijJAnamanyathA prtykssaanumaanyorpybhedprsnggaaditi| nirAkaroti tanetyAdinA - tattedantArUpayorAkArayorvirodhe'pi dharmiNaH pratyabhijJAnarUpasya kimAyAtaM, yenAsya bhedaH prArkheta / dharmANAM hi parasparaparihArasthitilakSaNavirodhasambhave teSAmevAnyonyaM bhedo yuktaH, citrjnyaanaakaarvt| yathA nIlapItAdyAkArANAM parasparaM bhinnatve'pi citrjnyaanmRtithI utpanna thanAra, tiryasAmAnya-UrdhvatA sAmAnya Adine viSaya karanAra saMkalanAtmaka anubhava ane smRtinA mizraNarUpa) jJAnane pratyabhijJAna kahevAya che. (eka kALe aneka vyaktiomAM rahenArI samAnatA tiryakra sAmAnya kahevAya che. dA.ta. gotva. anekakALamAM eka vyaktimAM maLatI samAnatA UrdhvatA sAmAnya kahevAya che. dA.ta. piMDa, ghaTa, ThIkarA vageremAM rahela mRnmayatva. granthakAre pratyabhijJAnanA ghaNAM badhA udAharaNo ApyA che. (aneka udAharaNo ApavA pAchaLa paNa prayojana che. je AgaLa jaNAvAze.) (1) A gAya paNa te ja jAtinI che. (ke jene meM pUrve joyelI) ahIM 'yaM jopivg:' eTalo aMza anubhavAtmaka che ane tejJAtIya vi' eTalo aMza smaraNAtmaka che. (AgaLanA dareka udAharaNomAM paNa A rIte "mAMne anubhavAtmaka (pratyakSAtmaka) ane 'tavaMza' ne smaraNAtmaka jANI levA.) (2) gavaya gAyane samAna hoya che. (3) A te ja jinadatta che ke jene me gaIkAle joyo hato.) (4) AnA (A zloka) vaDe paNa e ja artha kahevAI rahyo che (ke je pUrvanA zlokathI paNa kahevAI gayo che.) (5) gAya karatA bheMsa vilakSaNa hoya che. (6) A tenA karatA dUra che. (7) A tenA karatA najIka che. (8) A tenA karatA moTuM che - nAnuM che. ItyAdi. A badhA ja pratyabhijJAnanA udAharaNo che, jene jotA e vAta spaSTa thaI jAya che ke A dareka jJAna saMkalanAtmaka che, ke jemAM koIka pUrvAnubhUta vastu + koIka pratyakSa dekhAto padArtha, banne jaNAya che. tethI ja pratyakSa ane smaraNa e banne karatA bhinna evA A eka svataMtra pramANa tarIke siddha thAya che. * pratyabhijJAnamAM svataMtra jJAnAtmaktAnI siddhi (boddhaprAbhA matanuM khaMDana) * bauddha : pratyabhijJAna koI eka svataMtra jJAna nathI kAraNa ke te jJAnamAM eka nahIM paNa be AkAro pratIta thAya che. temAMthI "tat' evo AkAra aspaSTa che ane Ida' evo AkAra spaSTa che. tethI

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84 jaina tarkabhASA mekamevAbhyupagamyate tathaiva darzanasmaraNAkArANAM parasparaM bhinnatve'pi pratyabhijJAnamekamevAbhyupagantavyam / nanu mA bhUd viruddhadharmAdhyAsAt pratyabhijJAnAsambhavaH, kAraNAbhAvAcca bhavedeva / tathAhi - pratyabhijJAnasya kAraNaM kimindriyamuta pUrvAnubhavajanitaH saMskArastadubhayaM vA / na tAvadindriyaM, vartamAnArthAvabhAsajanakatvAttasya, nApi saMskAraH smrnnkaarnntvaattsy| nApyubhayaM, ubhayadoSAnuSaGgAt / kAraNAntarAbhAvAnna pratyabhijJAnaM sambhavatIti cet, na, hetorsiddhtvaat| anubhavasmRtilakSaNasya tatkAraNasya lakSaNavAkye pratipAditatvAt / anvayavyatirekAnuvidhAnAttatra kaarnntvprsiddhiH| api cedaM pratyabhijJAnaM kArya, kAryaM ca pratIyamAnaM kaarnnsdbhaavmvbodhyti| tanna kArye supratIte kAraNAbhAva udgIyamAno jyAyAn / na ca nIlapItAdini sAnAmanekatve'pi sarveSAM teSAM pratyakSatayA na kshcidvirodhH| atra tu pratyakSApratyakSayorekatra sannivezanibandhano virodha iti vAcyam, 'parvato vahnimAnityAdyanumitAvapi valijJAnasya parokSatve'pi parvatajJAnasya pratyakSatayaikatra pratyakSApratyakSayoH sanniveze virodhAbhAvAt / yadi ca pakSajJAnakAle parvatasya pratyakSatve'pyanumitikAle naitajjJAnaM pratyakSaM, kintu valimattvena parvatasya parokSajJAnamekamevaitaditISyate, tarhi pUrvAnubhavakAle vastunaH pratyakSatve'pi pratyabhijJAnakAle vastunaH na pratyakSatvaM kintu AvA AkAra bhedane kAraNe pratyabhijJAnanuM eka svarUpa nathI. (arthAta, jema pratyakSa spaSTa che ane parokSa (anumityAdi) aspaSTa che to pratyakSa ane parokSane tame eka mAnatA nathI tema pratyabhijJAnane paNa ekajJAnAtmaka mAnI na zakAya. tene svataMtra rIte ja pratyakSa ane smaraNa ema be judA judA jJAnAtmaka ja mAnavA joIe.) jaina : AkArabheda hoya tyAM jJAnabheda mAnavo ja paDe evo niyama nathI. jema tamArA citrajJAnamAM "mo nInapIto' evA jJAnamAM A nIlakSaNa che, A pItakSaNa che vagere rUpe aneka AkAro judA judA jaNAtA hovA chatAM paNa "rUma nInapatI' evuM thatuM jJAna eka ja pratIta thAya che tema pratyabhijJAna paNa ekarUpe ja pratIta thAya che. (prazna : bhAI ! emAM to nIla-pIta vagerenuM alaga alaga bhAna thavA chatAM paNa aMte to badhA pratyakSa (spaSTa) jJAnarUpa ja che. jyAre ahIM to tame eka ja jJAnamAM pratyakSatva ane apratyakSatva ema be parasparavirodhI dharmo mAnavAnI vAta karo cho. e to zI rIte saMbhave ? uttara : zA mATe na saMbhave? tame parvato vaddhimAnuM" evI anumitimAM parvata aMzamAM pratyakSatva ane vati aMzamAM apratyakSatva nathI mAnatA? tyAM je rIte saMbhave tema ahIM paNa saMbhavI zake che. prazna : paNa ame anumitimAM paNa parvata aMzamAM pratyakSatva mAnatA nathI. pUrve parvatatvana parvatanuM pratyakSa jJAna kareluM paNa pachI tenuM vahiMmattvana parokSa jJAna karyuM tethI anumitine paNa ame vaddhiprakArakaparvatavizeSyaka evA eka saLaMga parokSajJAnarUpa mAnIe chIe. uttara : A ja to ame kahIe chIe. pratyabhijJAna paNa AkhuM eka saLaMga parokSajJAnarUpa ja che. Idattvana tenuM pratyakSa thayeluM hovA chatAM paNa pratyabhijJAnakALe te idattAviziSTanuM tattAviziSTavena bhAna thAya che. A ja vAtane granthakArazrI "vastutaH' kahIne jaNAve che.)

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pramANapariccheda bhede'pi citrajJAnavadekasya tasyAnubhUyamAnatvAt, svasAmagrIprabhavasyAsya vastuto'spaSTaikarUpatvAcca, idantollekhasya pratyabhijJAnanibandhanatvAt / viSayAbhAvAnnedamastIti cet; na; pUrvAparavivartatattAvaiziSTyena idantollekhaviSayIbhUtasyaikameva parokSajJAnaM pratyabhijJAnamityapISyatAm / tadevAha granthakAraH 'svasAmagrIprabhavasyAsya vastuto'spaSTaikarUpatvAditi / pratyakSasAmagrItaH smRtisAmagrItazca vilakSaNaiva pratyabhijJAnasAmagrIti sUcanAya 'svasAmagrIprabhavasye 'ti pratyabhijJAnavizeSaNaM, kAraNabhedAcca kAryabhedo'pi sUpapAdaH / na ca pratyabhijJAnasyAspaSTaikarUpatve idantollekhasyAnupapattiriti vAcyam, pratyabhijJAnasvAbhAvyAttAdRzollekhasyopapatteH, anyathA smaraNAtmakameva tatsyAt / yathA'numiteraspaSTaikarUpatve'pi pUrvaM jJAtasyApi parvatasyollekhaH samasti, prAktanapakSajJAnApekSayA'dhunAtanapakSajJAnasya sAdhyavaiziSTyAvagAhitayA kazcana vizeSo'pi ca samasti tathaiva pUrvAnubhUtasyApi vastunaH pratyabhijJAnakAle punarullekhaH samasti, prAktanAnubhavApekSayA'dhunAtanAnubhavasya tattAvaiziSTyAvagAhitayA kazcana vizeSo'pi ca samastIti dik / , atha kAraNasadbhAvAt sambhavatu pratyabhijJAnaM, tathApi na tatpramANaM, viSayAbhAvAt, / bhAvAnAM kSaNakSayitayA'nubhUtasyArthasya ciravinaSTatvAt kathaM pratyabhijJAnasya viSayo bhavet / vastutaH pUrvakSaNavinAzakAla eva tatsadRzaM kSaNAntaramudeti, tenAkAravailakSaNyAbhAvAdavyavadhAnAccAtyaMtocchede'pi sa evAyamityabhedAdhyavasAyI pratyayaH prasUyate, kintu tattvato bhrAntamevedaM jJAnaM lUnapunarutpannanakhakezAdiSu sa evAyamiti pratItivat / viSayAbhAvAditi hetorasiddhatvApAdAnena nirAkaroti 'pUrvAparavivartavartyekadravyasyetyAdinA / na ca pratyakSasma 85 na vaLI, kharI vAta to e che ke potAnI sAmagrI dvArA utpanna thatA pratyabhijJAnamAM vAstavamAM to aspaSTAtmaka ekarUpatA (parokSarUpatA) ja mAnya che. (pratyabhijJAnanI sAmagrI pratyakSa ke smaraNanI sAmagrI karatAM alaga che te sUcavavA mATe granthakAre 'svasAmagrIprabhavasya' pada mUkyuM che. bauddha : jo pratyabhijJAnamAM mAtra parokSarUpatA ja hoya to pachI 'ida'no ullekha zA mATe thAya che ? jaina H sAmAnyathI 'IdaM'no ullekha spaSTAkAravALA pratyakSajJAnamAM ja thAya che. paraMtu ahIM 'ida'no ullekha aspaSTAkAravALA pratyabhijJAnanA svabhAvanA kAraNe che. arthAt, 'idaM'no ullakhe na hoya to pachI te jJAna smRtirUpa ja kahevAta. paraMtu emAM 'idaM'no ullekha che eTale to tene alaga manAya che. (tAtparya : parvata to pUrve ya jJAta hovA chatAM anumitimAM teno pharI ullekha zA mATe thAya che? arthAt, mAtra 'vartamAn' ATalA ja ullekha ne badale 'parvato himAn' evo ullekha zA mATe thAya che? jema anumitino svabhAva che ke pUrve jJAta hovA chatAM pakSamAM kaMIka vizeSanI siddhi kare che ane tethI pratyakSa dekhAtA evA paNa parvatano vahriviziSTatvena ullekha thAya che. tema pratyabhijJAna paNa pratyakSa dekhAtI vastumAM kaMIka vizeSanI siddhi kare che ane te mATe ja eTale ke pratyabhijJAnano evo svabhAva hovAnA kAraNe ja temAM 'ida' no ullekha thAya che. bauddha : koI paNa jJAna karavA mATe teno viSaya to koI hovo joIe ne ! vagara viSaye koI jJAna thatuM nathI. badhA padArtho jyAre kSaNika che pachI pratyabhijJAnano koI viSaya ja kyAM rahyo ?

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jaina tarkabhASA vartyekadravyasya viziSTasyaitadviSayatvAt / ata eva 'agRhItAsaMsargakamanubhavasmRtirUpaM jJAnaraNayorevAyaM viSaya iti vAcyam, pratyakSasya hi vartamAnakAlAvacchinnaH, smaraNasya punaratItakAlAvacchinnapadArtho viSaya; pratyabhijJAnasya tUbhayakAlAvacchinnadravyAdi / trikAlAvasthAyidravyasya kSaNikavAdapratiSedhapurassaraM purastAdupapAdayiSyamANatvAnna pratyabhijJAnaM nirviSayaM / lunapunarutpannanakhakezAdiSu sa evAyami'tyekatvaparAmarzipratyabhijJAnaM, 'lUnanakhakezAdi sadRzo'yaM punarUtpannanakhakezAdiriti sAdRzyanibandhanapratyabhijJAnAntareNa bAdhyamAnatvAdapramANaM, na punaH sAdRzyapratyavamarzi pratyabhijJAnamapyapramANaM, tasyAbAdhyamAnatayA pramANatvasiddheH / prAbhAkarA hi sarvasyApi jJAnasya yathArthatvaM manyamAnAH 'zuktau idaM rajataM' 'rajjau ayaM sarpa' ityAdiprasiddhabhramasthale'pi grahaNasmaraNarUpaM samyakpratyayadvayamiti svIkurvanti / vibhinnakAraNajanyatvAd bhinnaviSayatvAcca vibhinnajJAnadvayasiddhiH / tathAhi - indriyaM hIdamaMzollekhavato'dhyakSasya kAraNaM, sAdhAraNabhAsvararUpacAkacikyAdidarzanapratibodhyamAnaH saMskArazca 'rajatamiti smaraNasya / tathA, idamiti bodhasya purovartizuktikAzakalamAlambanaM, rajatamiti bodhasya tu vyavahitaM hRTTapaTTAdivyavasthitaM rjtm| kevalaM darzanasmaraNayorbhedAgrahaNAdekameva tajjJAnaM saMlakSyate / iyameva vivekAkhyAtirAkhyAyate / jJAnadvayAsaMsargAgrahaNAdeva vastuto yathArthamapi jJAnaM bhramarUpaM lakSyate bhramasthala iva pratyabhijJAnasthale'pyagRhItabhedaM smRtipratyakSalakSaNaM jJAnadvayameva kalpayanti / tadetadakhilaM darzitayuktyaiva khaNDitaM darzayannAha ata evetyAdi / ata eva = pUrvAparavivartavartyekasya viziSTasya dravyasya pratyabhijJAnaviSayatvaprasiddhereva prAbhAkarANAM 86 ke je pUrvakALamAM ya hato ane vartamAnakALe paNa hoya. vastu pratikSaNa palaTAtI hoya che tethI pUrve anubhavano viSaya banela padArtha judo hato. koI sthira eka padArtha na hovAthI pratyabhijJAnano koI viSaya ja nathI ane nirviSayaka jJAna to thatuM nathI tethI pratyabhijJAna nAmanuM koI pramANa nathI. jaina H pUrvakAlIna uttarakAlIna paryAyomAM rahenAra evo eka viziSTa sthAyI padArtha pratyabhijJAnano viSaya bane che. padArthanA paryAyo pratikSaNa palaTAtA rahetA hovA chatAM ya dravyarUpe to te padArtha kAyama rahe che. tethI pratyabhijJAna nirviSayaka nathI. (jema ke suvarNanI mudrikA gALIne kaMkaNa banAvavAmAM Ave to mudrikAno nAza ane kaMkaNanI utpatti thavA chatAM paNa pUrva (mudrikA) ane apara (kaMkaNa) vivarta (paryAya)mAM anugata rahenAra suvarNa dravya to vidyamAna ja rahe che. A rIte pUrvottarakAlasthAyI eka padArtha hoya che ke je tattAviziSTarUpe pratyabhijJAnano viSaya bane che.) Ama, pUrvApa2paryAyamAM anugata evA eka sthAyI dravyanI siddhi thavAthI bIjI paNa eka viparIta mAnyatA raddajAtasa thardha bhaya che. ata eva .. ityAdi granthathI AbhAramatanuM khaMDana urela che. (AlApurI dareka jJAnane yathArtha ja mAne che. temanA mata 'bhrama' jevI koI cIja ja nathI. chIpalAne caLakatuM joIne koIne 'A cAMdI che' evuM bhramAtmaka jJAna thAya to tene paNa yathArtha sAbita karavA teo evI dalIla khAye che } 'idaM rajatam' jevI pratIti kheDa jJAna35 nathI paraMtu purovarti pachArthane bhetA 4 'idaM' jevuM pratyakSajJAna thAya che ane te vakhate purovarti padArthanA caLakATa ne jovAthI cAMdInuM smaraNa thaI jAya che.

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pramANapariccheda 87 dvayamevaitad' iti nirastam; itthaM sati viziSTajJAnamAtrocchedApatteH / tathApi 'akSAnvayavyatirekAnuvidhAyitvAt pratyakSarUpamevedaM yuktam' iti kecit; tanna; sAkSAdakSAnvayavyatirekAnuvidhAyitvasyAsiddheH, pratyabhijJAnasya sAkSAtpratyakSasmaraNAnvayavyatirekAnuvidhAyitvenAnubhUyaviSayadvayAvagAhipratyayakalpanA'pi nirstaa| yadi ca sarvajJAnayAthArthyasiddhAntAnurodhena bhramasthale pratyabhijJAnasthale ca jJAnadvayameva abhyupagamyate na kiJcidekaM jJAnaM, tadA viziSTajJAnasyApyanaGgIkAra eva zreyAn, sarvasyApi hi viziSTajJAnasya vizeSyajJAna-vizeSaNajJAnobhayapUrvakatvaniyamena avazyaklRptatadubhayajJAnenaiva agRhItatabhedamahimnA viziSTabuddhyupapAdane tadubhayajJAnavyatiriktasya taduttarakAlavartino viziSTajJAnasya kalpane gauravAdityabhiprAyeNa dUSayati 'itthaM sati' ityAdinA / vyAkhyAtametat / itthaM ca siddhaM pratyabhijJAnasyAtiriktajJAnatvaM / atha naiyAyikA uttiSThante - bhavatu nAma pratyabhijJAnasyaikajJAnarUpatvaM kintu pratyakSarUpameva tad, na tu tadatiriktapramANarUpam / kuta etaditi cet, Aha 'akSAnvayavyatirekAnuvidhAyitvAt' / dUSayati (ahIM caLakATadarzana uddhodhakanuM kAma kare che.) Ama 'a evuM pratyakSa ane " ratam' evuM smaraNa, A be alaga jJAna che paraMtu te be jJAna judA judA che. evo bheda na pakaDI zakavAthI (arthAtu, "e be jJAna vacce koI saMsarga nathI" evuM na jaNAvAthI evuM lAge che ke teNe chIpalAmAM cAMdInuM bhramAtmaka jJAna karyuM. Ane teo vivekAkhyAti kahe che. vAstavamAM to banne jJAna judAM che ane banne prakArUpa ja che) pratyabhijJAna aMge paNa temanuM maMtavya evuM che ke anubhava ane smaraNarUpa be jJAnanuM eka nAma e ja pratyabhijJAna che. vAstavamAM to te pratyakSa ane smaraNarUpa che. eTale ke alaga alaga be jJAnarUpa che. paNa eka jJAnarUpa nathI. te be jJAna vaccenA bhedanuM (asaMsarganuM) prahaNa thatuM nathI mATe te be jJAna paNa svataMtra ekajJAnarUpa lAge che paNa vAstavamAM to te be jJAno judA ja che. prabhAkarano (mImAMsakano) A mata paNa nirasta thayelo jANavo. kAraNa ke A rIte vicArazo to to duniyAmAM koI viziSTajJAna ja nahIM rahe. " puruSa:' evA eka viziSTa jJAna mATe ya evuM kahI zakAze ke A to daMDajJAna ane puruSajJAnarUpa be judA judA jJAna che. paNa te be vaccenA bhedanuM grahaNa thatuM na hovAthI "daMDavALo puruSa evuM eka jJAna pratIta thAya che. Ama badhA ja viziSTajJAnano uccheda thaI javAnI Apatti Avaze. viziSTajJAnane jo kevala vizeSyajJAna ane kevala vizeSaNajJAnathI juduM ja mAnavAmAM koI vAMdho na hoya to pachI pratyabhijJAne zuM bagADyuM che? tyAM paNa pratyakSajJAna ane smaraNajJAna karatAM juduM ja pratyabhijJAna nAmanuM jJAna mAnavuM paDaze. Ama, prAbhAkara matanuM khaMDana paNa uparokta (bauddha khaMDananI) dalIlathI ja thAya che kAraNa ke pratyabhijJAnanA viSaya tarIke pUrvottarakAlasthAyi eka dravya siddha thayuM eTale prAbhAkara kahe che tevA be alaga alaga viSayanA be alaga alaga jJAnanI vAta TakI zakatI nathI. Ama pratyabhijJAnamAM sahu prathama to svataMtra jJAnarUpatAnI siddhi karI. e thayA pachI temAM svataMtrapramANatvanI siddhi thaI zake ne ! have pratyabhijJAna svataMtra pramANa che e vAtanI siddhi kare che. * pratyabhijJAnamAM svataMtra pramANatvanI siddhi (naiyAyirmatakhaMDana) * naiyAyika : pratyabhijJAna e svataMtra jJAnarUpa che e vAta to tamArI sAcI ja che paraMtu tene

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jaina tarkabhASA mAnatvAt, anyathA prathamavyaktidarzanakAle'pyutpattiprasaGgAt / __ atha punadarzane pUrvadarzanAhitasaMskAraprabodhotpannasmRtisahAyamindriyaM pratyabhijJAnamutpAdayatItyucyate; tadanucitam, pratyakSasya smRtinirapekSatvAt / anyathA parvate vahnijJAnasyApi 'tanne'tyAdinA / pratyabhijJAnasya indriyasambandhapazcAdbhAvitve'pi na sAkSAt tatsambandhAnvayavyatirekAnuvidhAnaM kintu sAkSAt pratyakSasmaraNAnvayavyatirekAnuvidhAnameveti pratyabhijJAnotpattI pratyakSasmaraNAbhyAmindriyasaMsargasya vyavahitatvAt sAkSAt tajjanyatvAbhAvena pratyabhijJAnasya na pratyakSatvaM klpnaarhmitybhipraayH|| 'sa evAyaM ghaTa' ityAdau vizeSyIbhUtaghaTAMze cakSurAdIndriyasannikarSasattvAt tttaaruupvishessnnvissyksvataMtra pramANano darajjo paNa ApI devo e ucita nathI. pratyabhijJAnanA anvaya-vyatireka indriya vyApAra sAthe maLe che. indriyavyApAra thayo hoya to ja pratyabhijJAna thAya che, anyathA thatuM nathI ane indriyavyApAra sAthe je jJAnanA anvaya-vyatireka maLatA hoya te jJAnane pratyakSa ja kahevAya. (kAraNa ke kSa = phandriyaM prati, tam, vAryatvena zatam pratyakSam evuM pratyakSa zabdanuM vyutpattimUlaka lakSaNa tame kaho cho) mATe pratyabhijJAna e pratyakSa che ema mAnavuM ja yogya che. jaina : pratyabhijJAnamAM indriyavyApAranA anvaya-vyatireka sAkSAt ghaTatA ja nathI kintu pratyakSa ane smaraNanA anvaya-vyatireka ja sAkSAt ghaTe che. arthAt, indriyavyApAra (saMnikarSa) thayA pachI ekabAju dazyamAna vastunuM pratyakSa thAya che ane bIjI bAju pUrvAnubhUta koI vastunuM smaraNa thAya che ane tyAra pachI "A te ja vastu che" ke "A tenA jevuM ja che ke "A tenA karatA juduM che' ityAdirUpa jJAna thAya che. Ama pratyabhijJAnanI avyavahita pUrvamAM to pratyakSa ane smaraNa ja hAjara che ane indriyavyApAra to te be nI pUrve hato. tethI indriyavyApAramAM pratyabhijJAnanA je anvayavyatireka maLe che te vyavadhAnathI maLe che. avyavahita (sAkSAta) anvaya-vyatireka to pratyakSa-smaraNamAM ja maLe che mATe pratyabhijJAnane pratyakSarUpa mAnavuM yogya nathI. vaLI, jo indriyavyApArathI ja pratyabhijJAna thatuM hota to pahelI ja vAra koI vyaktine jotI vakhate paNa pratyabhijJAna thavuM joIe ne? kAraNa ke indriyavyApAra to tyAM paNa che. paNa evuM thatuM to nathI tethI jaNAya che ke pratyabhijJAna pratyakSarUpa nathI. naiyAyika : koI vyaktinuM punaH darzana thAya tyAre pUrvadarzanathI AtmAmAM paDelA saMskAro jAgrata thAya che, A saMskAraprabodha dvArA smaraNa thAya che. AvA smaraNanI sahAyavALI indriya pratyabhijJAnane utpanna karaze. vyaktinA prathamadarzanakALe indriyane ukta maraNanI sahAya maLatI nathI. mATe pratyabhijJAna utpanna thaI zakatuM nathI. Ama maraNanI sahAya je indriyane maLe te indriya pratyabhijJAnane utpanna karI zake che ane A rIte Indriyajanya thavAthI pratyabhijJAna e pratyakSarUpa ja banaze. jaina: A rIte to pratyabhijJAna smRtine sApekSa che eTaluM to siddha thaI ja gayuM ane mATe ja e pratyakSarUpa nathI e paNa siddha thAya che kAraNa ke pratyakSa to smRtinirapekSa hoya che. koI pratyakSajJAnane smRtinI apekSA na hoI zake. anyathA anumiti mATe paNa evuM kahI zakAze ke ""vyAptismaraNanI sahAyatA maLatA manathI ja parvata upara agninI anumiti thaI jAya che" mATe te jJAnane paNa pratyakSa (mAnasapratyakSa) ja kaho. A rIte anumitino paNa uccheda ja thaI jaze. mATe pratyabhijJAnane pratyakSa

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pramANapariccheda vyAptismaraNAdisApekSamanasaivopapattau anumAnasyApyucchedaprasaGgAt / kiJca, 'pratyabhijAnAmIti vilkssnnprtiiterpytiriktmett| etena 'vizeSyendriyasannikarSasattvAdvizeSaNajJAne sati viziSTapratyakSarupametadupapadyate' iti nirastam; 'etatsadRzaH sa' ityAdau tadabhAvAt, smRtyanubhavasaGkalanakramasyAnubhavikatvAcceti dik / smRtirUpajJAnabalena pratyabhijJAnaM viziSTaviSayakameva pratyakSajAtIyaM bhavitumarhatIti naiyAyikavizeSamatamAzakaya nirAkaroti 'etena' ityAdinA / nirastatve hetumAha 'etatsadRzaH sa ityAdau tadabhAvAditi / ayambhAva:sa evAyaM ghaTa ityatra purovartino ghaTasya vizeSyatvena tena sahendriyasannikarSasya bhAve'pi yatra na purovartino vizeSyatvaM yathA 'etatsadRzaH sa' ityAdau tatra tanna smbhvti| tatra sAdRzyarUpavizeSaNe pratiyogitayA etadarthasya vizeSaNatvameva / tacchabdArthasya tattAviziSTasya vizeSyatvAt, tasya ca smaryamANatvAd vizeSyendriyasannikarSAbhAvastathA ca vizeSaNajJAnasahakRtavizeSyendriyasannikarSajanyatvasyApi duSkalpatvAnnAsya viziSTapratyakSajAtIyatvaM samucitam / kiJca, 'sa' iti smRtiH, 'ayami'tyanubhavaH, so'yamiti tayoH saGkalanamityevaM kramo'trAnubhUyate, na caivaM pratyakSamityato'pi pramANAntaratvam / karatAM atirikta mAnavuM ja yogya che. vaLI, A bAbatamAM ja bIjI eka vyavahAruM dalIla e paNa che ke pUrvAnubhUta ko'ka vyaktine jotA ja 'pratyamanAnAma' evI pratIti thAya che, je 'pUrayAmi' evI pratIti karatAM vilakSaNa che. (pUrvAnubhUta koka vyaktine pharIthI jotI vakhate "haM ! oLakhyo ! A to pelo ja che' ityAdi AkAranI eka vilakSaNa pratIti thAya che je prathama vAra ja vyaktine jotI vakhate thatI nathI.) A dalIlathI paNa pratyabhijJAna pratyakSabhinna che e nakkara hakIkata sAbita thAya che. A dalIlathI taiyAyika ane vaizeSikanI bIjI eka mAnyatA paNa khaMDita thaI jAya che. naiyAyiko ane vaiziSiko evuM mAne che ke "sa chavAyaM ghaTA' ahIM ghaTAtmaka vizeSyanI sAthe indriyasannikarSa thavAthI "sa: AvA prakAranuM smaraNa thAya che. A smaraNa e vizeSaNajJAna che kAraNa ke pratyabhijJAna vakhate tattAviziSTa ghaTamAM ja rUdrattA jaNAya che. tethI naiyAyiko evuM mAne che ke "sa vArtha dhaTa:' A jJAna vakhate "sa" evA vizeSaNajJAna = smaraNanI sahAyatAthI ja idantAviziSTa ghaTanuM je jJAna thAya che e to eka prakAranuM viziSTa pratyakSa ja che. naiyAyikanI A mAnyatA paNa pUrvokta dalIlathI ja khaMDita thayelI jANavI. kAraNa ke ('vArtha ghaTI' sthaLe tamArI vAta ghaTatI hoya to paNa) "tatsaddazaH sa' ityAdi sthaLe tamArI vAta ghaTavAnI nathI. A sthaLe "sa" = tattAviziSTa padArtha vizeSya che ane tattva e vizeSaNa che. A sthaLe pata nuM sAdazya "sa" = vizeSyamAM jaNAya che. ahIM "ta' padArthanuM thatuM pratyakSa e vizeSaNajJAna che ane "sa" padathI jaNAto vizeSya to maryamANa che mATe vizeSya sAthe indriyasaMnikarSa ja nathI. tethI 'vizeSaNajJAna hoya tathA vizeSya sAthe indriyasaMnikarSa hoya tyAre utpanna thatuM viziSTa pratyakSa e ja pratyabhijJAna che' evI tamArI mAnyatA ghaTI zakatI nathI.

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jaina takabhASA atrAha bhATTaH, nanvekatvajJAnaM pratyabhijJAnamasti, sAdRzyajJAnaM tUpamAnameva, gavaye dRSTe gavi ca smRte sati sAdRzyajJAnasyopamAnatvAt, taduktam - "tasmAdyat smaryate tat syAt sAdRzyena vizeSitam / prameyamupamAnasya sAdRzyaM vA tadanvitam / / 1 / / pratyakSeNAvabuddhe'pi sAdRzye gavi ca smRte / viziSTAcatogasiddhapamAnamAtA nArA" (nnovevAI350tto rU7-38) __ atha klRptapratyakSapramANAntargatatvena pratyabhijJAyAH prAmANyamabhyupagacchanto'pi mImAMsaka-naiyAyikAdayaH sthairyarUpamekatvameva tasyAH viSayatvena manyante, na punarjenA iva sAdRzya-vaisadRzya-dUratva-samIpatva-hasvatvadIrghatvAdikamapi / te hi sAdRzyAdilakSaNaprameyapratipattyarthamupamAnAdilakSaNapramANAntarameva pratyabhijJAvilakSaNaM kalpayantItyekatvavat sAdRzyAderapi pratyabhijJAviSayatvasamarthanena teSAM matamapAsitukAmo granthakAraH pUrvaM bhATTamatamupanyasyati 'nanu' ityaadinaa| nirAkaroti 'tanna' ityaadinaa| sugamam / upamAnapramANasvIkartRtvAvizeSe'pi bhATTayaugayoH tadviSayavicAre vizeSo'sti / naiyAyikAstu mImAMsakavannopamAnasya sAdRzyaviSayakatvaM manyante, kintu saJjJAsajJisambandhaviSayakatvamevAmAnantIti saJjJAsajJisamba vaLI, AvA sthaLomAM paNa sAdRzyanuM smaraNa ane pachI jItatu' nuM pratyakSa A rIte smaraNa + pratyakSanI saMkalanAno krama anubhavasiddha che mATe A sAdazyajJAna paNa pratyabhijJAna ja che. A to mAtra dizAsUcana che. A aMge AgaLa paNa ghaNuM vicArI zakAya tema che. A rIte pratyabhijJAna aMge naiyAyikonI mAnyatAno nirAsa thAya che ane pratyabhijJAnanI svataMtra pramANarUpe sthApanA paNa thAya che. pratyakSamAM aMtarbhAva karIne pratyabhijJAnane pramANa mAnanArA taiyAyika-mImAMsakAdi dhairyarUpa ekatvane ja tenA viSaya tarIke mAne che. paraMtu jaino to sAdezya-vaisadazya-dUratva-samIpatna-hRsvatvadIrghatvAdine paNa pratyabhijJAnanA ja viSaya mAne che. tethI have kumArila bhaTTa (mImAMsakono mata jaNAvIne tenA khaMDanapUrvaka sAdezyAdine paNa pratyakSajJAnanA ja viSaya tarIke siddha kare che. * sAdRzyamAM pratyabhijJAnaviSayatvanI siddhi (bhAThumata khaMDana) che bhaTTa : " vAve' ityAdirUpe thatA be padArtha vaccenA ekatvajJAnane bhale pratyabhijJAna kaho paNa "TdRzo viya:' ityAdi rUpe thanArA sAdezyajJAnane pratyabhijJAna kahI na zakAya kAraNa ke sAdazyajJAnane to upamAna kahevAya che. zAstramAM paNa kahyuM che ke - sAdazyathI yukta je padArtha (gAya) nuM smaraNa karAya te padArtha upamAna pramANano viSaya (prameya) bane che athavA to te padArthamAM raheluM sAdezya ja upamAna pramANano viSaya (prayoga) bane che. (prazna :- sAdazya to pratyakSathI ja dekhAya che ne ? - teno uttara bIjA zlokamAM...) yadyapi sAdRzya to pratyakSa ja dekhAya che ane gAyanuM to smaraNa thAya che paraMtu sAdRzyaviziSTa gAyano 'sanena sadRzI matIyA !' "AnA jevI ja mArI

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91 pramANapariccheda iti; tanna; dRSTasya sAdRzyaviziSTapiNDasya smRtasya ca goH saGkalanAtmakasya 'gosadRzo gavaya' iti jJAnasya pratyabhijJAnatA'natikramAt / anyathA 'govisadRzo mahiSaH' ityAderapi sAdRzyAviSayatvenopamAnAtireke pramANasaGkhyAvyAghAtaprasaGgAt / etena - 'gosadRzo gavayaH' ityatidezavAkyArthajJAnakaraNakaM sAdRzyaviziSTapiNDadarzanandhasyApi pratyabhijJAnagrAhyatvasamarthanena naiyAyikAbhyupagatamupamAnasya pramANAntaratvaM nirasituM tadIyamatamupadarzayannAha 'etena' ityaadinaa| sugamam / gAya che' evo eka saLaMga bodha je thAya che te zenAthI thaze ? pratyakSathI to nahIM thAya kAraNa ke gAya ja pratyakSa nathI to sAdRzyaviziSTa gAyanuM pratyakSa kyAMthI thAya? ane smaraNathI paNa ukta bodha thavo zakya nathI kAraNa ke smaraNa to pUrvAnubhUtanuM ja thAya ane sAdezya to anubhUyamAna che, pUrvAnubhUta nathI. sAdazyaviziSTa padArthano bodha thAya che te to pratIta ja che mATe A bodha jenAthI thAya tene upamAna pramANa kahevAya. Ama upamAna svataMtra pramANa tarIke siddha thAya che. jaina : tamArI A mAnyatA muktisaMgata nathI. pratyakSa ane smaraNanA saMkalanAtmaka jJAnane pratyabhijJAna kahevAya che. prastutamAM paNa gavayanuM pratyakSa ane gAyanuM smaraNa A bannenA saMkalanarUpa 'sadRzo viyaH' evuM je jJAna thAya che temAM paNa pratyabhijJAnanuM lakSaNa ghaTe ja che mATe tene paNa pratyabhijJAna ja kahevuM ucita che. bAkI, sAdRzyaviziSTapadArthano bodha karAvanAra jJAnane svataMtra upamAna pramANa kahezo to pachI "jovisadRzo naSi:' A sthaLe zuM karazo? kAraNa ke ahIM sAdazyajJAna nathI ke jethI upamAna pramANa kahI zako ane visadazatAviziSTapadArthano alaga svataMtra bodha paNa thAya che mATe tamAre videzatAviziSTapadArthane jaNAvanAra jJAnane paNa ko'ka svataMtra pramANarUpa mAnavuM paDaze. Ama thavAthI tame (bhA) je pAMca pramANa mAno cho te saMkhyA vadhI javAthI tame mAnelI pramANasaMkhyAno paNa vyAghAta thaze. mATe AvA khoTA udhAmA karavA karatA sAdezyajJAnamAM je jJAnanuM sIdhuM lakSaNa ghaTe che te jJAnarUpa ja tene mAnavuM yogya che. Ama sadazyajJAnano pratyabhijJAnamAM ja aMtarbhAva thAya che. naiyAyiko mImAMsakanI jema sAdagdhane upamAnano viSaya nathI mAnatA. teo sAdazyajJAnane karaNa mAnIne saMjJAsaMjJIsaMbaMdha (vAcya-vAcakabhAvasaMbaMdho ne upamAnano viSaya mAne che. tethI naiyAyikanI ukta mAnyatAnuM khaMDana karIne vAcya-vAcakabhAvasaMbaMdhane paNa pratyabhijJAnanA viSayarUpe granthakAra siddha kare che jethI upamAnane svataMtra pramANa mAnavAnI vAta mUlataH ukhaDI jAya. * upamAna svaMtatra pramANa nathI (naiyAyirmata khaMDana) pUrvapakSa upamAnane pramANa to ame paNa mAnIe chIe paraMtu bhATTanI jema tene sAdazyajJAnAtmaka mAnatA nathI. paraMtu saMjJA-saMjJIsaMbaMdhanA jJAnarUpa (vAcyavAcakabhAvanA jJAnarUpa) mAnIe chIe. udAharaNathI A vAtane samajIe. "gAya jevuM prANI gavaya hoya che evuM atidezavAkya koIe sAMbhaLyuM ane teno artha samajI lIdho. pachI te ja vyaktie gosAdezyaviziSTa piMDane joyo tyAre tene pUrve sAMbhaLelA atideza vAkyarthanuM smaraNa thAya ane pachI "A gavAya che" evo purovarti gavaya

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jaina tarkabhASA vyApArakam 'ayaM gavayazabdavAcya' iti sajJAsajJisambandhapratipattirUpamupamAnamiti naiyAyikamatamapyapahastitaM bhavati / anubhUtavyaktI gavayapadavAcyatvasaGkalanAtmakasyAsya pratyabhijJAnatvAnatikramAt pratyabhijJAnAvaraNakarmakSayopazamavizeSeNa yaddhavicchedenAtidezavAkyAnUdya 'anubhUtavyaktAviti - prathamaM tAvad gavayadarzanaM, tato gavayaniSThagosAdRzyapratyakSaM, tato'tidezavAkyArthasmaraNaM, tatazca vAcyavAcakabhAvagraha ityeSa sAmAnyataH kramaH / ato gavayasyAnubhUyamAnatve'pi vAcyavAcakabhAvagrahakAlApekSayA tasya prAggRhItatayA'nubhUtapadena tadvyapadezaH / nanu gavayatvasya prAgagRhItatayA kathaM tadavacchinne gavayapadavAcyatvagraha iti jijJAsAyAmAha pratyabhijJAnAvaraNakarmakSayopazamavizeSeNetyAdi - prakRte niyamayojanA cedRzI, 'gosadRzo gavaya' ityatidezavAkyenAnUdyo dharmo gosAdRzyaM, tasya darzanaM idantvAvacchedenaiva, purovartinyeva piNDe taddarzanAt / tathA ca idantvAvacchedenaiva gavayapadavAcyatvagraha iti phalitArthaH / na caivaM kathaM gavayamAtre vAcyavAcakabhAvagraha iti padArtha ane gavayapada vacceno saMjJA-saMjJIsaMbaMdha = vAcya-vAcakabhAvarUpasaMbaMdhanuM jJAna thAya che. (sAmAnya lakSaNApratyAttithI badhA gavayanI upasthiti thaI jAya ane vIra vayapavAdhya:' Avo dareka gavaya padArthamAM gavayapadanI vAcyatAno bodha thAya che) A ja upamiti che. uttarapakSa : tamArI upamAna aMgenI mAnyatAnuM khaMDana pUrvokta bhAdRmatanI samAlocanAthI ja thaI jAya che. kAraNa ke pUrvAnubhUta gavayapiMDamAM gosAdazyanuM ane gavaya padavANyatvanuM saMkalana A jJAnathI thAya che mATe A jJAna paNa pratyabhijJAna ja siddha thAya che. (arthAt, pUrve "je gosadaza hoya tene gavaya kahevAya" eTaluM jJAna thayeluM ane pachI gavayadarzanakALe "Ane gavaya kahevAya" evo spaSTa rIte vAcya-vAcakabhAva gRhIta thAya che. (praznaH gavaya mATe granthakAre zabda vAparyo che - "anumUtavyato..." gavAya to anubhUyamAna = dazyamAna che. tene mATe "anubhUta" evo zabdaprayoga saMgata zI rIte bane? uttara : gavayanuM pratyakSa thAya, pachI temAM gosAdezyanuM pratyakSa thAya, pachI atidezavAkyanuM smaraNa thAya, pachI upamiti (= vAcya-vAcakabhAvano graha) thAya che. sAmAnyathI A krama che. AmAM chellA tabakkAmAM gavayamAM gavayapadanI vAcyatAno bodha thAya che ane gavayanuM pratyakSa to e pUrve pahelA tabakkAmAM ja thaI gayeluM hoya che. eTale ke upamiti kALanI apekSAe gavaya pratyakSa atItakALamAM thatuM hovAthI e apekSAe tene "anubhUta" kahevAmAM bAdha nathI. ema samajavuM yogya lAge che.) 'jasadgazo navaya:' A atidezavAkyano artha evo thAya che ke je gAya sadeza (= jyAM gAyanuM sAdezya) hoya tene gavaya kahevAya." tethI phalitArtha evo thayo ke A atidezavAkya gosAdezyano (gavayamAM) anuvAda karIne tyAM ja gavayapadanI vAcyatAne jaNAve che. Ama, atidezavAkyathI anUdha (= anuvAda karAto) dharma che gosAdazya. ahIM granthakAra evo niyama jaNAve che ke atidezavAkyathI anUdya dharma (= gosAdezya) nuM darzana paddhaivacchedana thAya, taddharmAvacchedana padavANyatAnuM (= gavayapadanI vAcyatAnuM) jJAna thaI zake. AvuM jJAna pratyabhijJAnAvaraNakarmanA vizeSa prakAranA kSayopazamathI thAya che. prastutamAM, svaivicchena gosAdezyanuM darzana thayuM mATe rUdrandAvarjIna ja "gavaya' padanI vAcyatA

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pramANapariccheda dharmadarzanaM taddharmAvacchedenaiva padavAcyatvaparicchedopapatteH / ata eva "payombubhedI haMsaH syAt" ityAdivAkyArthajJAnavatAM payo'mbubheditvAdiviziSTa vyaktidarzane sati 'ayaM haMsapadavAcya' ityAdipratItirjAyamAnopapadyate / yadi ca 'ayaM gavayapadavAcya' iti pratItyarthaM pratyabhijJAtiriktaM pramANamAzrIyate tadA AmalakAdidarzanAhitasaMskArasya bilvAdidarzanAt 'atastat sUkSmam' vAcyam, gavayapadavAcyatvasya gosAdRzyavyApakatvAt tarkapramANena tadgrahasiddheH / etena "tadanantaraM 'gavayo gavayapadavAcya' iti jJAnaM yajjAyate tadupamitiH, na tu 'ayaM gavayapadavAcya' iti jJAnamupamitiH jaNAya che. purovarsI gavayamAM zaktigraha thayA pachI "jayAM jayAM gosAdazya che tyAM badhe gavayapadanI vAcyatA che' evA tarka pramANathI sakala gavayamAM gavayapadanI vAcyatAno bodha paNa saMgata thAya che. AvA niyamanA kAraNe ja to "je kSIra-nIrano bheda kare te haMsa hoya che." AvuM atidezavAkya sAMbhaLanArane jyAre kSIra-nIrano viveka (= pRthakkaraNa) karatuM koI pakSI jovAmAM Ave to tyAre te vyaktine 'yaM daMtazaddhavAH " = 'yaM daMta:' = "A haMsa che" evI pratIti je utpanna thAya che te paNa saMgata thAya che. "je kSIra-nIrano viveka kare te haMsa hoya che... A atidezavAkya kSIra-nIranA pRthakkaraNarUpa dharmano anuvAda karIne, AvuM pRthakkaraNa karanAra vyaktimAM "haMsa'padanI vAcyatAnuM vidhAna kare che. tethI atidezavAkyathI anUdya dharma thayo zIra-nIra pRthakkaraNa, rUdrandIvarjhana A dharmanuM darzana jene thAya tene phattvaviona haMsapadavAcyatAno bodha paNa thAya che ane pachI tarka pramANathI pUrvokta rIte badhA haMsamAM haMsapadavANyatAno graha paNa saMbhavI zake che. Avo bodha pratyabhijJAnAvaraNanA vizeSa prakAranA kSayopazamathI thAya che. jo 'yaM vayapadravI' evI pratIti mATe pratyabhijJAnathI alaga upamAna pramANa mAnazo to pachI tamAre bIjAM ya ghaNAM pramANo alaga mAnavA paDaze. jema ke AmaLAnuM phaLa joyA pachI bilvanuM (bijorU) phaLa jue tyAre tene "AnA karatA te sUkSma hatuM' evuM je jJAna thAya che tene kyuM pramANa kahezo ? upamAna to kahI nahIM zakAya kAraNa ke ahIM kAMI pUrvadaSTa padArthanuM sAdRzya dazyamAna padArthamAM jovAtuM nathI ke jethI "sAdezyagrAhaka hovAthI A upamAna che' evo bacAva tame karI zako. AthI sUkSmatvagrAhaka jJAnane pramANAtara mAnavuM paDaze. A ja rIte A tenA karatA dUra che-najIka che ItyAdi jJAna aMge paNa jANavuM. A badhA jJAna ApekSika che. tethI tenA mATe tame keTalA pramANa mAnazo ? zaMkA : ame dUratAdinA jJAnane mAnasa pratyakSAtmaka mAnazuM. samA. : to pachI upamAnane ya mAnasapratyakSa mAnI levuM paDaze. kAraNa ke apekSA dvArA thatA hRsvatva-dIrghatva-dUtva-samIpatvanA jJAnane mAnasapratyakSa kahI zakAtuM hoya to sAdRzyadarzana dvArA thatA vAcya-vAcakabhAvanA jJAnane ya mAnasapratyakSa kema na kahI zakAya ? vastutaH pratyakSa jJAnane anya jJAnanI apekSA rahetI nathI. vRkSane jotA ja pratyakSajJAna thaI jAya che. mAnasa pratyakSamAM paNa AvuM ja hoya che. sukha-duHkhano manathI sAkSAtkAra kare tyAre anya koI jJAnane emAM sAMkaLavAnuM hotuM nathI. paraMtu sAdazya-hRsvatva-dUratAdinuM jJAna jyAre thAya tyAre pUrve thayelA anyajJAnonI apekSA rahe che. (arthAta, bilvanuM phaLa jotAM temAM dIrghatvanuM jJAna karavuM hoya to pUrve AmaLAnA phaLamAM thayelA

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94 jaina takabhASA ityAdipratItyarthaM pramANantaramanveSaNIyaM syAt / mAnasatve cAsAmupamAnasyApi mAnasatvaprasaGgAt / 'pratyabhijAnAmIti pratItyA pratyabhijJAnatvamevAbhyupeyamiti dik / / sakaladezakAlAdyavacchedena sAdhyasAdhanabhAvAdiviSaya UhastarkaH, yathA 'yAvAn kazcidbhUmaH sa sarvo vahnau satyeva bhavati, vahinaM vinA vA na bhavati' 'ghaTazabdamAtraM ghaTasya vAcakam' 'ghaTamAtraM ghaTazabdavAcyam' ityAdi / tathAhi-svarUpaprayuktA'vyabhicAralakSaNAyAM vyAptau bhUyodarzanasahitAnvayavyatirekasahakAreNApi pratyakSasya tAvadaviSayatvAdevApravRttiH, sutarAM ca sakalasAdhyasAdhanavyaktyupasaMhAreNa tadgraha iti sAdhyasAdhanadarzanasmaraNagavayAntare zaktigrahAbhAvaprasaGgAdi "ti yaduktaM muktAvalIkAreNa tadapi nirastaM draSTavyam / 'svarUpaprayukta'... ityAdi / svAbhAvikyavyabhicArarUpA vyAptirityarthaH / tacchUnyAvRttitvaM khalu avyabhicArapadArthaH / sa ca dvedhA, anaupAdhikaH, aupAdhikazca / dhUme vahnizUnyAvRttitvasya upAdhyakRtatvenAnaupAdhikatvAt svAbhAvikatvam / vahnau tu dhUmazUnyAvRttitvasya ArTendhanasaMyogarUpopAdhikRtatvenaupAdhikatvAnna svAbhAvikatvamiti bodhyam / svAbhAvikyavyabhicAralakSaNaiva vyAptiranumityaupayikItyabhiprAyeNa 'svarUpaprayuktAvyabhicAralakSaNAyAM vyAptAvi'tyuktam / pratyakSasya vartamAnasannikRSTagrAhitayA purovartisAdhyasAdhanAdiviSayakatvasambhave'pi svatvanA jJAnanI apekSA rahe kAraNa ke tenI apekSAe ja AmAM dIrghatvanuM jJAna thavAnuM che.) A rIte be jJAnonuM saMkalana karavuM paDe che tethI saMkalanAtmaka hovAthI A jJAno pratyabhijJAnAtmaka che. vaLI, A jJAnone pratyabhijJAnAtmaka kahevAmAM pratItino purAvo paNa che. "jouM chuM', "anumAna karUM chuM' ityAdi pratItio karatAM "pratyabhijJAna karUM chuM' e pratIti kaMIka vilakSaNa che. tethI ukta vilakSaNa pratItinA kAraNe paNa uparokta jJAnone pratyabhijJAnarUpa ja mAnavA ucita che. (granthakAre pratyabhijJAna aMgenA "sa chavAyeM...' ityAdi ATalA badhA udAharaNo ApyA tenI pAchaLanuM A ja rahasya che ke teozrI te te udAharaNathI evuM jaNAvavA mAMge che ke sAdaDyAdinuM jJAna paNa pratyabhijJAnamAM ja aMtabhUta thAya che.) A rIte pratyabhijJAnanI pratyakSa-smaraNAdi karatA alaga jJAnarUpe siddhi karI, tenI pratyakSAdi pramANa karatA alaga pramANarUpe siddhi karI, sAdezyAdine tenA viSayarUpe jaNAvIne prasaMga sAdaDyAdigrAhI upamAna pramANano AmAM ja aMtarbhAva karyo. pratyabhijJAna pramANanuM nirUpaNa ahIM pUrNa thayuM. * tadmamANanuM nirUpaNa have kramaprApta tarka pramANanuM nirUpaNa kare che. sau prathama tarkanuM lakSaNa jaNAve che. sarvadezakALanI apekSAe koI be vastu vacce sAdhya-sAdhanabhAvAdiviSayaka UhA (vicAraNA) ne tarka kahevAya che. jema ke game te kALe, game te kSetramAM je koI paNa dhUma che te vati hote chate ja hoya che." athavA, vahni vinA dhUma hoto nathI." sAdhya-sAdhanabhAvaviSayaka vyAptinA grahaNane jema tarka kahevAya che tema vAcya-vAcakabhAvarUpa saMbaMdhanA grahaNane paNa tarka kahevAya che. jema ke, "ghaTa', zabda

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pramANapariccheda pratyabhijJAnopajanitastarka eva tatpratItimAdhAtumalam / tadgatAvyabhicAro hi na tadviSayaH / vartamAnasannikRSTasAdhyasAdhanAdigocarAvyabhicAro'pi yadi pratyakSAviSayaH, sutarAM tarhi nikhiladezakAlavartisAdhyasAdhanAdigocarAvyabhicAraH / kathaM tarhi tAdRzAvyabhicAragraha ityAzaGkAyAmAha 'sAdhyasAdhanadarzanasmaraNa'... ityAdi / ayambhAvaH pUrvaM tAvat sAdhyasAdhanadarzanaM pramANena upalambhaH, upalakSaNena tayoranupalambho'pi gRhyate, punarapi tayordarzane saJjAte prAgdRSTayostayoH smaraNaM, tatazca pratyabhijJAnaM 'prAgdRSTasAdhyasAdhanasadRza ima' ityAkArakaM tatazcedamasmin satyeva bhavati, asati vA na bhavatItyAkArastarkaH prabhavati / kvacit kSayopazamavizeSavazAt sakRtsAdhyasAdhanopalambhAnupalambhAbhyAmanantarameva tarkaH samutpadyata iti sAdhyasAdhanadarzanasya kvacidAnantaryeNa tarkaM prati kAraNatvamavaseyaM kvacicca tatsmaraNapratyabhijJAnasambhavAt pAramparyeNeti vizeSaH / " ja ghaTapadArthano vAcaka che, (paNa 'paTa' Adi zabda ghaTanA vAcaka nathI) 'ghaTa' padArtha ja 'ghaTa'padathI vAcya che, (paTAdi padArtho 'ghaTa'padathI vAcya nathI) ityAdi. sAdhya-sAdhana vaccenI, vAcya-vAcaka vaccenI vyAptinuM grahaNa paNa tarka pramANathI ja thAya che. te A rIte-svarUpathI ja avyabhicAra hovo tene vyApti kahevAya che. vyApti be prakAranI maLe. sopAdhika ane nirupAdhika. vahnimAM rahelI dhUmanI vyApti sopAdhika che. ArTrenthanasaMyoga e tyAM upAdhi che. AvI vyApti anumitinA karaNa tarIke ISTa nathI paNa jayAM nirupAdhika vyApti hoya te ja anumitinA karaNa tarIke ISTa che. dhUmamAM vahninI vyApti nirupAdhika che. AvI vyApti ja pakaDAya ane sopAdhika vyAptino vyavaccheda thaI jAya te mATe 'svaprayukta avyabhicArasvarUpa vyApti' AvuM kahyuM che. sopAdhika vyAptimAM sAdhya-sAdhana vacce svarUpathI ja avyabhicAra hoto nathI tethI teno vyavaccheda thaI jAya che.) vAraMvAra dhUma vahnine joyA hoya ane banne vacce anvaya-vyatireka (avyabhicAra)nuM paNa grahaNa karyuM hoya to paNa avyabhicAra e to pratyakSano viSaya ja na hovAthI tene vize pratyakSa pravartatuM nathI. arthAt, pratyakSa pramANa mAtra vartamAna ane Indriya saMniSTa padArthonuM grAhaka che. pratyakSathI vartamAna sAdhya-sAdhana dekhI zakAya to ya te be vacce avyabhicAra (vyApti) haze ke kema e to zaMkAspada ja rahevAnuM, kAraNa ke avyabhicAra e pratyakSano viSaya ja nathI. vartamAna saMtrikRSTagrAhI hovAthI pratyakSapramANa asamartha hoya to pachI traikAlika sAdhya-sAdhana vaccenA avyabhicAranuM grahaNa karavAmAM to te sutarAM asamartha ja hoya. tethI tarka ja sAdhya-sAdhana vaccenA avyabhicAranI pratIti karAvavAmAM samartha che. te tarka A rIte utpanna thAya che. pUrve sAdhya-sAdhananuM jene sahacArIrUpe darzana thayeluM tevI vyaktine vartamAnamAM sAdhya-sAdhananA sahacAranuM darzana thAya che, tene jotA ja pUrvadaSTa sAdhya-sAdhananuM tene smaraNa thAya che, pachI smRta sAdhya-sAdhananA sAjAtyanuM dRzyamAna sAdhya-sAdhanamAM jJAna (=pratyabhijJAna) thAya che ke 'pelA dhUma-vatine sajAtIya ja A dhUma-vahni che.' (pAchuM ayogolakAdi sthaLe mAtra vahni ja dekhAya paNa 'jyAM dhUma hoya tyAM to badhe vahni hoya ja' evuM mahAnasAdimAM jue) tethI daSTAne ekavAta nizcitapaNe jaNAya che ke 'dhUma hoya tyAM vahni hoya ja.' basa, Avo traikAlika ane sarvakSetrIya niyama je jaNAya te ja tarka kahevAya che. A rIte sAdhya-sAdhananA darzana-smaraNa-pratyabhijJAnathI utpanna thato tarka sAdhya-sAdhana vaccenA sArvatrika avyabhicArarUpa vyAptinuM grahaNa karavAmAM samartha che. 95

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jaina tarkabhASA atha svavyApakasAdhyasAmAnAdhikaraNyalakSaNAyA vyApteryogyatvAd bhUyodarzanavyabhicArAdarzanasahakRtenendriyeNa vyAptigraho'stu, sakalasAdhyasAdhanavyaktyupasaMhArasyApi sAmAnyalakSaNa naiyAyikaH zaGkate 'atha' ityAdinA / ayambhAva:- avyabhicAralakSaNA vyAptirayogyatvAt mA bhUt pratyakSasya viSayaH, kintu sAmAnAdhikaraNyarUpAyA vyAptestu yogyatvAt pratyakSaviSayatvaM suzakyameva / sAmAnAdhikaraNyasya vyaktivizrAntatayA tattadvyaktiyogyatve pratyakSayogyatvameveti tattadvyaktigrahe tatsAmAnAdhikaraNyasyApi sugrahatvam / na caivamapi kevalaM vartamAnasannikRSTasAdhyasAdhanasAmAnAdhikaraNyagrahaNaM, dezAntarIyakAlAntarIyasAdhyasAdhanopasaMhAreNa sAmAnAdhikaraNyagrahaNAsambhavena na vyAptergrahaNamiti vAcyam, sakalasAdhyasAdhanopasaMhAreNa sAmAnAdhikaraNyajJAnasya laukikasannikarSajanyatvAsambhave'pi sAmAnyalakSaNA'laukikasannikarSadvArA susambhavAt na tAdRzavyAptijJAnArthaM pramANAntarakalpanamucitamiti pUrvapakSAbhiprAyaH / nirAkaroti 'ne'tyAdinA nyAyamate'pi sAmAnyalakSaNApratyAsattisvIkAre naikmtym| tasyAH cintAmaNikRtA sAmAnyalakSaNAgranthe samarthitAyAH dIdhitikRtA tatraiva niSprayojanatvopapAdanena nirastatvAt / kiJca, pramANAbhAvo'pi sAmAnyalakSaNApratyAsattisvIkAre'stIti sAmAnyalakSaNApratyAsattiM pratyAsaktiranucitaiva / tuSyatu durjananyAyena tAdRzAlaukikasambandhAbhyupagame'pi tarka vinA na sArvatrikavyAptigrahaH / tathAhijJAyamAnasAmAnyaM sAmAnyajJAnaM vA sAmAnyalakSaNApratyAsattiH / tathA ca sAmAnyamapi sakalavyaktyupasthApakaM 96 * salavyaktinuM upasthApana tarka vinA azakya (naiyAyikmata khaMDana) * pUrvapakSa H avyabhicArasvarUpa vyAptinuM grahaNa pratyakSapramANathI thaI na zake e tamArI vAta kabUla rAkhIye chIe kAraNa ke te saMnikRSTagrAhI evA pratyakSanA viSayakSetranI bahArano padArtha che paraMtu tema chatAM paNa sAmAnAdhikaraNyarUpa vyAptinuM grahaNa pratyakSathI zakya che. tAtparya e che ke hetumAM raheluM vyApaka (sAdhya) nuM sAmAnAdhikaraNya e ja vyApti che ane sAmAnAdhikaraNya to te te hetumAM rahelo padArtha hovAthI te te hetunI yogyatA hovAnA kAraNe te te hetumAM rahelAM sAmAnAdhikaraNyanuM paNa pratyakSa thaI zake che. prazna : te te yogyatA hovAnA kAraNe te te hetumAM rahelAM sAmAnAdhikaraNyanuM pratyakSa tame bhale karI zako. paraMtu traNe kALanA sarva hetuomAM tAdaza sAmAnAdhikaraNyanuM grahaNa zI rIte karI zakazo ? kAraNa ke kAlAMtarIya ane kSetrAMtarIya hetuvyaktio to pratyakSathI grAhya banavAnA ja nathI ane tethI temAM raheluM tAdeza sAmAnAdhikaraNya paNa grAhya banaze nahIM. tethI sAmAnAdhikaraNyarUpa vyAptinuM grahaNa paNa pratyakSathI zI rIte saMbhave ? uttara H dareka hetuvyaktiomAM sAmAnAdhikaraNyanuM grahaNa laukikasaMnikarSathI (= IndriyasaMnikaSathI) zakya na hovA chatAM paNa sAmAnyalakSaNA pratyAsattithI = alaukika saMnikarSathI tenuM grahaNa zakya che. IndriyasaMbaddha je dhUma hoya, tanniSTha dhUmatva pote ja saMbaMdhanuM kAma karIne dhUmatvavattvana dareka dhUmanI upasthiti karAvI Ape che. (tAtparya : Indriya sAthe viSayano saMnikarSa thayA pachI ja Indriya dvArA viSayanuM jJAna thaI zake. Indriyano viSaya sAthe saMnikarSa be rIte thAya che. eka to laukika saMnikarSa (= saMyogAdi), ane bIjo alaukika saMnikarSa. laukikasaMnikarSathI to vartamAnakAlIna purovarti

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97 pramANapariccheda pratyAsattyA sambhavAditi cet, na; 'tarkayAmi' ityanubhavasiddhena tarkeNaiva sakalasAdhyasAdhanavyaktyupasaMhAreNa vyAptigrahopapattau sAmAnyalakSaNapratyAsattikalpane pramANAbhAvAt, UhaM vinA tadaiva syAd yadA vyaktisAkalyaM vinA'nupapadyamAnatayA tajjJAyeta / tathA ca sakalavyaktyupasthitaye sAmAnya vyaktisAkalyAnyathA'nupapadyamAnatAjJAnamAvazyakam / sAmAnyaniSThA tAdRzAnupapadyamAnatA ca vyaktisAkalyavyAptirUpA / sA ca 'yadi sAmAnya vyaktisAkalyavyabhicAri syAt tadA sAmAnyameva na syAt' padArthanuM ja grahaNa thaI zake paraMtu alaukika saMnikarSathI to kAlAMtarIya-dezAMtarIya padArthonuM paNa grahaNa thaI zake che. IndriyasaMbaddhavizeSyakajJAnamAM prakArIbhUta je sAmAnya (=dhUmatvAdi) hoya, te pote ja saMnikarSa bane che. tethI jayAM jyAM dhUmatva hoya tyAM tyAM sarvatra IndriyasaMnikarSa siddha thayo. A rIte sarva dhUmanuM ane sarvavahninuM jJAna zakya che.) A rIte dareka hetu vyakti ane te darekamAM rahela sAmAnAdhikaraNyarUpa vyAptinuM grahaNa pratyakSapramANathI (= IndriyathI) zakya che mATe tenA grahaNa mATe tarka nAmanuM svataMtra pramANa mAnavAnI AvazyakatA nathI. uttarapakSa: tamArI vAta barAbara nathI kAraNa ke "huM jouM chuM' evI pratItinA AdhAre jema pratyakSa pramANa manAya che, "huM anumAna karUM chuM' evI pratItinA AdhAre jema anumAna pramANa manAya che tema "tayAmi' = "huM tarka karUM chuM." evA anubhavanA AdhAre tarkane paNa svataMtra pramANa mAnavuM joIe. A pratItithI tarkapramANa anubhavasiddha sAbita thAya che. AvA tarkathI ja sarvasAdhya-sAdhano upasthita thaI zake che ane enAthI vyAtigraha saMbhavI zake che. tema chatAM sAmAnyalakSaNApratyAtti dvArA vyavahita viSayo sAthe paNa IndriyasaMbaMdha mAnavAmAM pramANAbhAva ane kalpanAgaurava sivAya kAMI ja nathI. sAmAnyalakSaNA prayAsattirUpa alaukika IndriyasaMbaMdha mAnavAmAM koI pramANa nathI. A to sakala dhUma-yaddhi sAthe sIdho IndriyasaMbaMdha maLato nathI eTale "alaukika-saMbaMdha che' evuM kahI devA mAtrathI kAMI te svIkArya na bane mATe A alaukika saMnikarSanI vAta ja alaukika che. (vaLI, A sAmAnya lakSaNo prayAsatti vize tamArA naiyAyikomAM paNa ekamati kyAM che ? tattvaciMtAmaNikAre sAmAnyalakSaNA prayAsattinuM nirUpaNa karyuM che. tenI TIkA karatI vakhate dIdhitikAre tene niprayojana jaNAvIne tenuM khaMDana karyuM che.) eTale tarka pramANathI ja sarva sAdhya-sAdhanavyaktionI upasthitipUrvaka vyAtigraha thAya che ema mAnavuM ja ucita che. vaLI, bIjI vAta paNa e che ke kadAca sAmAnyalakSaNA pratyAsattinI vAta e paNa che ke kadAca sAmAnyalakSaNA prayAsattinI vAta "tuSyatu durjana" nyAyathI svIkArI laIe to paNa tarka vinA tamane cAle tema nathI. tame ema kaho cho ko purovarti dhUmamAM rahelA dhUmatvanuM jJAna thayuM eTale te dhUmatarUpa sAmAnya sakaladhUmavyaktionI upasthiti karAvaze paraMtu temAM tamAre eka vAta samajavI paDaze ke sAmAnya' paNa sakalavyaktionuM upasthApaka tyAre ja banI zake ke jyAre sakalavyaktiomAM rahyA vinA te (= sAmAnya) anupapadyamAna hovArUpe jaNAya. eTale ke sAmAnya, vyaktisAkalya vinA (= sakala vyaktiomAM rahyA vinA) anupapanna bane evuM jaNAyA pachI ja sAmAnya dvArA sakalavyaktionI upasthiti thaI zake. arthAt, vyakti-sAkalya sAthe sAmAnyanI vyApti jaNAyA pachI ja sAmAnya dvArA sakalavyaktionI upasthiti thaI zake. have A vyApti tyAre ja jaNAI zake jyAre te pUrve 'jo A

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(P jaina tarkabhASA jJAtena sAmAnyenApi sakalavyaktyanupasthitezca / vAcyavAcakabhAvo'pi tarkeNaivAvagamyate, tasyaiva sakalazabdArthagocaratvAt / prayojakavRddhoktaM zrutvA pravartamAnasya prayojyavRddhasya ceSTAmavalokya tatkAraNajJAnajanakatAM zabde'vadhArayato'ntyAvayavazravaNa-pUrvAvayavasmaraNopajanitavarNapadavAkyaityAhaM vinA durjJAneti sakalavyaktyupasthApanopayogisAmAnyajJAnArthamUhasya sAmAnyalakSaNApratyAsattipakSe'pi avazyasvIkAryatvAt tenaiva sarvatra vyAptijJAnakalpanaM samucitamiti bhAvaH / 'vAcyavAcakabhAvo'pI'ti - nanu vAcyavAcakabhAvAlambanaM jJAnaM kathaM tarkaH ? ucyate, nedaM tAvatpratyakSam, cakSurAdijJAnasya zabdaparihAreNa rUpAdAveva zrotrajJAnasya ca rUpAdiparihAreNa zabda eva pravartamAnatvAccakSurAdijJAnaM zrotrajJAnaM ca pratiniyata eva rUpAdau zabde ca prvrtte| na ca sakalazabdArthagocaramanyad jJAnamastIti tarka eva tathA yuktaH / asya cotpattiH kvacittAvadAvApodvApAbhyAm / tatprakriyA ca syAdvAdaratnAkarAnusAreNa likhyate / tathAhi- uttamavRddhe gAmAnayetyAdizabdamuccArayitari tatra gRhItasaGketasya madhyamavRddhasyAgRhItasaGketasya ca bAlasya varNapadavAkyaviSayasaGkalanAtmakaM prtybhijnyaanmutpdyte| tathA hi pUrvapUrvavarNAvayavazravaNAhitasaMskArasyAntyAvayavazravaNAnantaraM pUrvatadavayasmaraNe hrasvAdiviSayasaGketasmaraNe ca sati 'hrasvo dIrdha: pluto vA'yaM varNa' iti pratyabhijJAnaM bhavati / tathA pUrvapUrvavarNazravaNAhitasaMskArasyAntyavarNazravaNAnantaraM (= jJAyamAna sAmAnya) vyakti sAkalyane vyabhicArI hota to sAmAnya ja na hota' Avo tarka pravarte. tAtparya e che ke "sakala vyaktio vinA sAmAnya rahI zakatuM nathI." AvuM jJAna jayAM sudhI na thAya tyAM sudhI sAmAnya dvArA sakalavyaktio upasthita thaI zaktA nathI. "sakalavyaktio vinA sAmAnya rahI zakatuM nathI.' evuM jJAna tarka vinA thaI zakatuM nathI. A rIte, sAmAnyalakSaNAprayAsattivAdIne paNa tarkanI jarUra to rahevAnI ja. jo pratyakSa jJAta evuM paNa sAmAnya tarka vinA samasta vyaktio sAthe potAno saMbaMdha siddha karI zakatuM na hoya to pachI tarkane ja pramANa mAnavuM joIe (vaLI, "sakala dhUma, vahni hoya to ja utpanna thaI zake che A jJAna aspaSTa che kAraNa ke purovati dhUmanI jema badhA dhUma spaSTa dekhAtA nathI, mAtra manamAM upasthita thAya che. A jJAna aspaSTa che e ja batAve che ke A jJAna Indriyajanya nathI kAraNa ke IndriyajanyajJAna (pratyakSa) to spaSTa hoya che. A jJAna (= sakaladhUmanI upasthiti) aspaSTa che mATe te Indriyajanya (= pratyakSa) nathI paNa 'takarUpa che ane ame tarkane parokSa (= aspaSTajJAnarUpI pramANe mAnIe chIe tethI amArA matamAM koI asaMgati AvatI nathI. 4 vAcyavAvabhAvanuM grahaNa paNa tarkazI * vAcya-vAcakabhAvanuM grahaNa paNa tarka pramANathI ja thAya che. kAraNa ke sarva vAcya-vAcako tarkanA ja viSaya che. tvacA-rasanA-dhrANa-cakSu-zrotra dvArA kramazaH sparza-rasa-gandha-rUpa-zabdanuM jJAna thAya che. paraMtu "Avo zabda vAcaka che ane Avo padArtha teno vAcya che. A rIteno vAcya-vAcakabhAva koI ja Indriyano viSaya nathI tethI tenI pratIti mATe "tarkanI jarUra paDaze. tarkapramANa dvArA vAcyavAcakabhAvanuM grahaNa A rIte thAya che. prayojakavRddha (=vaktA puruSa) "TIm vAna' kahe tyAre prayovRddha (= jene kahevAyuM che te puruSa) A banne - pado vacceno saMbaMdha = vAcya-vAcakabhAva jANe che tethI te gAya lAvavA mATe pravRtta thAya che. koI bAlAdi trAhita vyakti, ke je ukta be padono

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pramANapariccheda 88 viSayasaGkalanAtmakapratyabhijJAnavata AvApodvApAbhyAM sakalavyaktyupasaMhAreNa ca vAcyavAcakapUrvavarNAnAmanukramaviziSTAnAM smaraNe padaviSayasaGketasmaraNe ca 'vibhaktyantaM padami'tyAkAre sati 'subantaM tiGantaM ca padamiti pratyabhijJAnamupajAyate / tathA pUrvapUrvapadazravaNAhitasaMskArasyAntyapadazravaNAnantaramanukramaviziSTapUrvapadAnAM vAkyagocarasaGketasya ca smaraNe sati 'vAkyamidamiti pratyabhijJAnamunmajjati / evaM tayorvarNapadavAkyagrahaNaM pratyabhijJAnAt / tato'pi madhyamavRddhaM ceSTamAnamavalokayan bAlastaTasthastasyArthapratIti tAvatkalpayati, Atmani tatpUrvikAyAzceSTAyA dRSTatvAt / pramANAntarAsannidhAvetadvRddhaprayuktazabdasamanantaraM ca pravRtto'yamityata eva zabdAtkimapyanena pratipannamiti manyate / tamarthaM tena vRddhenAnIyamAnamevamavabudhyate'yamartho'mutaH zabdAdanenAvagata iti sa cArtho'nekaguNakriyAjAtivyaktyAdirUpasaGkula upalabhyate / zabdo'pyanekapadakadambakAtmA zrutaH, tatkatamasya zabdAMzasya katamo'rthAMzo vAcya iti sandigdhe kAlAntare ca gAM nyetyaadikmaakrnnyti| tatra ca gozabdAnuvRttimAnayetyasya tu vyAvRttiM vibhAvayati / tadanusAreNa ca gavAderapyarthasyAnuvRttivyAvRttI samAkalayati / tata itthamAvApodvApAbhyAmanantaramIdRgjAtIyo'rtha IdRgjAtIyasya vAcyaH so'pi tasya vAcaka itItthaM vAcyavAcakabhAvAlambanasakalavivakSitavAcyavAcakavizeSasamullekhazekharastarkaH samullasati / kvacittu yadA kazcittarkeNa vAcyavAcakabhAvaM svayamavetya paramapyanenaiva tamavabodhayiSyaMstadanusAriparasantAne tarkotpattihetuM vacanaM parArthatarkarUpamuccArayati / tadA tasmAdapyasyollAsaH / yathA kazcana pitA paramavatsalo vatsAya kaJcana padArthaM puraskRtya kathayati, itthambhUtamitthambhUtasya zabdasya vAcyaM vatsa ! jAnIhi, tadA'sAvupalambhAnupalambhadvAreNa tathA pratipadyamAnastarkAdeva vAcyavAcakabhAvaM pratipadyate / iyaM ca vyAptyA vaacyvaackbhaavprtiitirupdrshitaa| zRGgagrAhikayA tu niyatAyAM vyaktAvayaM purovartI bhAvo'sya zabdasya vAcya ityAgamAderapi sA bhavati / tadUrdhvaM tu vyAptyA taM prati, yastarkAdeva pratyeti, 'aye ! itthaMbhUtaH sarvaH sarvasya vAcako vAcyazceti / nanu tarkaH svaviSayeNa sambaddho vA'sambaddho vA tamavabodhayati ? na tAvadasambaddhaH, atiprasaGgAt / atha sambaddhaH, kutastatsambandhapratipattiH / pratyakSAdanumAnAttarkAntarAt pramANAntarAdvA / na tAvatpratyakSAt, tasya tadaviSayatvAt / nApyanumAnAt, anavasthAnuSaGgAt / tadapi hyanumAnaM tarkapUrvakamiti tatrApi tarkasya svaviSayeNa smbndhgraahkmnumaanaantrmnvessnniiymiti| nApi tarkAntarAt, tata eva, tarkAntarasyApi svaviSayasambandhabodhapUrvakatvAttasyApyaparatarkanibandhanatvAt / nApi pramANAntarAt, tasyApi pramANatve'pi padArtha sAtheno vAcya-vAcakabhAva jANato nathI, te prayojayapuruSanI gAya lAvavAnI pravRtti joIne evuM samaje che ke prayojaka puruSe pelAne "gAya lAva' ema kahyuM ane pelA prayojyapuruSe AvI pravRtti karI. tenI A pravRttinuM kAraNa jJAna che ane tenA jJAnanuM kAraNa prayojakavRddhanA A zabdo cha." mAma, 'prayoThayavRddhanI pravRttinu 25(bhUta 4 zAna cha, te zAnanI 24t| (= 4natA) prayojakavRddhanA A zabdomAM che' AvuM anumAna karatA pelA trAhita mANasane te padonA pAyavAya mAvanI pratIti tha ya che. te rIte - 'ghaTam Anaya' 5 aTale peto bhArAsa ghaT-am... A-na-ya... mArIta aMtya savaya somaNe, pUrva avayavanuM sm25|| . mane pachI mAdhu

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10) jaina tarkabhASA bhAvapratItidarzanAditi / ayaM ca tarkaH sambandhapratItyantaranirapekSa eva svayogyatAsAmArthyAsvaviSayasambandhabodhapUrvakaM pravartamAnatvAdanavasthApatteH / athApratipanasambandha eva tarkaH sarvaviSayajJAnAvaraNavIryAntarAyakSayopazamavizeSAt svaviSayameva bodhayati / tarhi tata evAnumAnamapyapratipannasambandhameva svagocaramavabhAsayatu / kRtaM tatpratipattinimittatarkapramANaparikalpaneneti kazcit / so'pi yadi prAmANikastarhi tasyApi pratyakSa svaviSayamavabodhayat sambaddhamevAvabodhayennAsambaddham, atiprasaGgAt / tatsambandhazca nAnumAnAdeH siddhyati, anavasthAnuSaGgAt / nApi pratyakSAntarAt, anavasthAnuSaGgAdevetyAdi sakalaM pratyakSe'pi samAnam / atha na pratyakSaM svaviSayasambandhAvabodhanibandhanaM tatra pravartate tasya svaviSaye svayogyatAbalAdeva pravRttiriti cet, tarhi tathA tarkasyApi svayogyatAvizeSasAmarthyAdeva svaviSayapratyAyanasiddhirbhavatu / tadevAha 'ayaM ca tarka' ityAdinA saLaMga vAkya potAnA magajamAM besADe - "ghaTa sAthe. tAtparya e che ke eka eka varNanA zravaNa dvArA saMskAra paDe che ane uttarottara varNazravaNa thatA pUrva pUrvanA saMskArathI tenuM smaraNa thAya che ane phalata: Akho zabdabodha vAkyabodha thAya che. dA.ta. vyavahAramAM joIe to koI vyakti potAnuM nAma bIjAne jaNAve che. - "chaganalAla maganalAla gAMdhI". pelo sAMbhaLe che. "maganalAla pada sAMbhaLatI vakhate pUrvazruta "chaganalAla' padanuM smaraNa kare che. "gAMdhI' pada sAMbhaLatA pUrvakRta "chaganalAla maganalAla" banne padonuM smaraNa kare che ane pachI "chaganalAla maganalAla gAMdhI" e rIte saMpUrNa nAma pratIta thAya che. jo AvuM na mAno to "gAMdhI' pada sAMbhaLatI vakhate "chaganalAla" ane "maganalAla padanuM zravaNa to thatuM nathI to pachI saMpUrNa nAmanI pratIti zI rIte thAya ? A ja rIte zabdanA pratyeka akSaramAM paNa thAya che. sau prathama "cha" nuM zravaNa, pachI "ga'nuM zravaNa ane "cha"nuM smaraNa, te pachI "na'nuM zravaNa ane "cha-ga'nuM smaraNa... A kramathI chaganalAla' evA saMpUrNa zabdano bodha thAya. A ja kramathI aneka zabdovALA vAkyono saLaMga bodha thAya. tAtparyaH pUrva-pUrvanA vargo (=akSaro =zabdanA avayava)nA zravaNathI AtmAmAM saMskAra paDe che, aMtya varNanA zravaNa pachI pUrva avayavonuM smaraNa thAya ane hRsva vagere varNanA prakAranA saMketanuM paNa smaraNa thAya ke "A varNa hRsva che" (athavA dIrgha che athavA plata che) A rIte varNaviSayaka smaraNa thAya. pachI pUrva-pUrvanA varNazravaNathI paNa saMskAra paDyA hoya che tethI te puruSane kramazaH pUrvavarNonuM smaraNa thAya ane padaviSayaka saMketanuM smaraNa paNa thAya ke A "subajo' pada (=nAmapada) che athavA A "siDanta' pada (= kriyApada) che. evuM padaviSayakajJAna thaze. pachI pUrvapUrvapadonA zravaNathI paNa saMskAra paDyA hovAthI aMtyapadanA zravaNa pachI tene dareka padonuM kramazaH smaraNa thaze ane vAkyaviSayaka saMketanuM smaraNa thaze ke zabdonA samUhane vAkya kahevAya che." pachI tene "A vAkya che evuM vAkyaviSayaka jJAna thaze. A prakriyA jaNAvI. have pAchA prastutamAM AvIe ke A rIte varNa-pada-vAkyaviSayaka jJAna thavAthI prayojayavRddhane varNa-pada-vAkyano zAbdabodha thaze ane pachI te tadanusAra ceSTA kare che. prayovRddhanI AvI ceSTA joIne trAhita vyakti (= bAlavyakti) vicAre che ke ""prayojakavRddha zabdo uccAryA pachI tarata A (= prayojayavRddha) pravRtta thayo che mATe nakkI A zabdo dvArA ja teNe kaMIka jANI lIdhuM ane tarata tadanusAra pravRtti karI." eTale "prayojayavRddhanI pravRtti tenA jJAnapUrvaka hatI, ane tene jJAna je thayuM te prayojaka

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pramANapariccheda 101 tsambandhapratItiM janayatIti nAnavasthA / yogyatAvizeSaH punaH pratyakSasyeva svaviSayajJAnAvaraNavIryAntarAyakSayopazamavizeSa eva tarkasyApi pratipattavyaH / yathA ca pratyakSasyotpattau mano'kSAdayo yogyatAyAH sahakAriNo bahiraGgAstathA tarkasyApi samudbhUtAvupalambhAnupalambhAvanumanyete, tadanvayavyatirekAnuvidhAyitvAttasya / yacca tata evAnumAnamapyapratipannasambandhameva svagocaramavabhAsayatvityuktam, tatra sAdhyasAdhanasambandhagrahaNanirapekSAnumAnasyotpattireva na sambhavati / anvbuddhsaadhysaadhvRddhanA zabdothI thayuM che' A rIte "prayojyavRddhanA jJAnanI janakatA prayojakavRddhanA zabdomAM che eTaluM pelAe jANI lIdhuM. paraMtu AmAM kyA zabdano zuM artha thAya ? te vize tene tyAre to kaMI samajaNa na paDI. pachI kAlAMtare ja nA' = "gAyane laI jA" AvuM sAMbhaLyuM ane prayovRddhane gAya laI jatA joyo eTale pelo bAla vicAraze ke ""gAya zabda to pUrve paNa bolAyelo ane atyAre paNa bolAyo. vaLI, gAya saMbaMdhI kriyA paNa banne vakhata thatI joI che tethI jo padano vAcyArtha A (gAya) padArtha che." vaLI pAchuM kyAreka "ghaTe naya' = "ghaDo lAva' evuM sAMbhaLe ane prayovRddhane ghaDo lAvatA jue tyAre A ja rIte 'sAnapada vize pUrvApara anusandhAna thaze ane "lAnA' padano artha samajI leze ke ""gAya padanI sAthe Anaya pada uccAryuM tyAre gAyane lAvavAnI kriyA karAI hatI ane ghaTa padanI sAthe Anaya padano prayoga karAtA ghaDo lAvavAnI kriyA karAI tethI lAvavAnI kriyA banne vakhate karAI hovAthI "Anaya pada lAvavAnI kriyAne jaNAvanAra che." A rIte AvApauddhApa (= grahaNa-tyAga) dvArA pelA bALakane je khyAla Avyo ke "AvA prakArano zabda AvA prakAranA padArthano vAcaka che' te khyAla sakalavikSitavAcyavAcako vize thAya che mATe te tarkathI ja jaNAyelo mAnavo paDe kAraNa ke sakalavivakSita vAcyavAcakonuM tyAre pratyakSa thayeluM hotuM nathI paraMtu smaraNa thAya che. pachI A evA ja prakAranA vAcya-vAcaka che (ke jenuM pUrve pratyakSa thayeluM) AvuM saMkalanAtmaka pratyabhijJAna thAya che ane AvA pratyabhijJAnathI sakalavikSitavAcyavAcako vize tarka pravarte che ane phalata: vyApya-vyApakabhAvanuM grahaNa thAya che. A rIte vyApya-vyApakabhAvanI jema vAcya-vAcakabhAvanuM grahaNa paNa tarkathI thAya che e vAta siddha thAya che. * sambandhagrahaNa vagara tarka pravartI zake ke pUrvapakSa: sArUM. bhale vyApya-vyApakabhAva ke vAcya-vAcakabhAvano nirNaya tame tarkapramANathI mAno. paraMtu eka vAta vicAravI paDaze ke tamAruM tarka pramANa jene prakAzita kare evA vyApti ke vAcyavAcakabhAvAdi sAthe teno koI saMbaMdha to hovo joIe ne ? tarka pramANane vyApti Adi sAthe koI saMbaMdha ja nathI. ane jo vagara saMbaMdhe arthagrahaNa karAvavAnuM apratIma sAmarthya tamArA tarka pAse hoya to pachI vagara saMbaMdhe ja rUpa-rasa-gandhAdinuM jJAna paNa tarkathI ja kema na thAya? mATe so vAtanI eka vAta che ke potAnA viSaya sAthe tarkano koIka saMbaMdha to mAnavo ja paDaze. tarka ane tenA viSaya (= pramANa-prameya). vaccenA saMbaMdhanuM jJAna thayA pachI ja tarka dvArA vyAkhyAdirUpa tenA viSayanuM jJAna thaI zake. to have tame e kaho ke tarka ane tenA viSaya svarUpa vyAyAdi vacce rahelA saMbaMdhanuM jJAna tame kyA pramANathI karo cho ?

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102 jaina tarkabhASA pratyakSapRSThabhAvivikalparUpatvAnnAyaM pramANamiti bauddhAH; tantra, pratyakSapRSThabhAvino vikalpasyApi pratyakSagRhItamAtrAdhyAvasAyitvena sarvopasaMhAreNa vyAptigrAhakatvAbhAvAt / tAdRzasya tasya sAmAnyaviSayasyApyanumAnavat pramANatvAt, avastunirbhAse'pi paramparayA padArthapratibandhena nasambandhasya kvcitkdaacidutpttyprtiiteH| tarkasya tu sambandhagrahaNanirapekSaiva pratyakSavadutpattirghaTata eva / na khalu pratyakSasyApyutpattiH karaNArthasambandhagrahaNApekSA pratipannA, svayamagRhItatatsambandhasyApi tadutpattipratIteH | tadvat tarkasyApi svArthasambandhagrahaNAnapekSasyApyutpattipratIte!tpattau sambandhagrahaNApekSA yuktimatIti sarvaM caturasram / etadevAha - 'ayaM ca tarkaH' ityaadinaa| nirvikalpasyaiva mukhyaM prAmANyaM svIkurvatAM bauddhAnAM mate vicArAtmakasya tarkasya vikalparUpatvena prAmANyaM na sambhavatIti teSAM matamAzaGkate 'pratyakSapRSThabhAvivikalpa'... ityAdinA / vikalpya dUSayati pratyakSathI to tevA saMbaMdhanuM jJAna mAnI zakAya nahIM kAraNa ke pratyakSano viSaya to mAtra rUpAdi padArtho ja che. anumAnathI paNa tevA saMbaMdhanuM jJAna mAnI zakAya nahIM, kAraNa ke tema karavA jatA to anavasthA Avaze. kAraNa ke tarka pramANa ane tenA viSaya vacceno saMbaMdha koI pramANathI jaNAto nathI mATe tarkapramANathI vyAptigrahaNa ke vAcya-vAcakabhAvanuM grahaNa mAnavuM ucita nathI. uttarapakSa: tamArI vAtano sAra be mudAmAM A rIte Ave che ke (1) pramANa-prameya vacce saMbaMdha hovo joIe, ane (2) te saMbaMdhanuM grahaNa thayA pachI ja pramANa dvArA prameyanuM grahaNa thAya. AmAMthI prathama mudo amane mAnya che. tarka paNa potAnA viSaya sAthe saMbaddha rahIne ja pravRtta thAya che. paraMtu e saMbaMdhanuM jJAna karyA vinA ja tarka potAnA viSayane jaNAvI devA mATe samartha che. pratyakSamAM paNa AvuM ja thAya che ne ! pratyakSajJAnanI utpatti thatA pUrve pratyakSapramANa ( tamArA mate Indriya) ane prameya (=ghaTAdi) vaccenA saMbaMdhanuM grahaNa apekSita nathI. yogyatA vizeSanA kAraNe ja pratyakSapramANanI jema tarka pramANa paNa saMbaMdhanI pratIti karAvyA vinA arthapratIti karAvI zake che. A yogyatA svaviSayakajJAnAvaraNa ane vIryAntarAya karmanA kSayopazamavizeSasvarUpa jANavI. tAtparya e che ke jema AvI yogyatA vizeSane mana-Indriya vagere bAhya sahakArI kAraNo maLatA pratyakSajJAna utpanna thAya che tema AvI yogyatAvizeSane sAdhya-sAdhananA thayelA upalaMbha ane anupalaMbha rUpa bAhya sahakArI maLe eTale tarkajJAna paNa utpanna thAya. (granthakAre "sanvanyapratItyantanirapekSa Uva vayovetAsAmata savazvapratIti nanayeti' AvuM kahyuM che temAM "saMbaMdha" padano prayoga be vAra karyo che. ahIM prathama "saMbaMdha" padathI "tarka ane enA viSaya vacceno saMbaMdha samajavo ane dvitIya saMbaMdha" padathI vyApya-vyApakabhAvarUpa ke vAcya-vAcakabhAvarUpa saMbaMdha' samajavo. eTale saMpUrNa vAkyartha Avo thaze ke ""potAnA viSaya sAthenA potAnA saMbaMdhanI pratIti karAvyA vinA ja tarka yogyatAvizeSanA baLathI potAnA viSayane (vyAkhyAdirUpa saMbaMdhane) jaNAvI de che.') - savilpaka jJAna paNa pramANa (bauddhamata khaMDana) 4 pUrvapakSa : tarkane pramANa na manAya kAraNa ke te to pratyakSajJAna pachI thanArA vikalparUpa che ane je vikalparUpa hoya tene pramANa na kahevAya. ame to nirvikalparUpa jJAnane ja pramANa mAnIe chIe.

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pramANapariccheda 103 bhavatAM vyavahArataH praamaannyprsiddheH| yastu-agnidhUmavyatiriktadeze prathamaM dhUmasyAnupalambha ekaH, tadanantaramagnerupalambhastato dhUmasyetyupalambhadvayam, pazcAdagneranupalambho'nantaraM dhUmasyApyanupalambha 'tnne'tyaadinaa| tathAhi- nanu kiM tarkasya vikalpAtmakatayA'prAmANyaM pratyakSapRSThabhAvitvena tadgRhItamAtragrAhitvakRtaM, Ahosvit tatpRSThabhAvitve'pi tadagRhItagrAhitve'pi sAmAnyagrAhitvakRtam / prathamapakSaM tAvadUSayannAha 'pratyakSapRSThabhAvino' ityaadi| ayamarthaH- pratyakSagRhItasvalakSaNamAtragrAhitayA vikalpasyAprAmANye'pi na tasya sakalavyaktyupasaMhAreNa vyAptyavagAhitvam / sAmastyena vyAptyavagAhitve ca prAguktarItyA tarkasyaiva sAmarthyAt / na caitatpratipattau pramANAntaraM prabhavati yena gRhItagrAhitA syAdityakSataM tarkaprAmANyaM / atha dvitIya ityata Aha 'tAdRzasya tasya' ityAdi / ayamarthaH- pratyakSAgRhItasAmAnyaviSayakatve'pi pratyakSapRSThabhAvino vikalpasyAnumAnavat prAmANye bAdhAbhAvAt / 'paramparayeti = anumIyamAnaviSayavyAptasvalakSaNAtmakaliGgajanyatvAt / ayambhAva:- bauddhA api avastubhUtasAmAnyabhAsakatvena anumiteH pratyakSavat sAkSAtsvalakSaNAtmakagrAhyajanyatvAbhAve'pi tasyAH atadvyAvRttirUpasAmA uttarapakSa : pratyakSajJAna pachI thanArA vikalparUpa hovAthI tarkane tame apramANa kaho cho paNa te aMge be vikalpa thaze (1) pratyakSapRSThabhAvI hovAthI gRhItagrAhI che mATe takane tame apramANa kaho cho? ke, (2) agRhItagrAhI hovA chatAM paNa sAmAnyagrAhI che mATe tene apramANa kaho cho. AmAM prathama vikalpa to sIdho ja UDI jaze kAraNa ke tarka pratyakSapRSThabhAvI hovA chatAM paNa gRhItagrAhI nathI. pratyakSathI to purovarti sAdhya-sAdhanAdinuM jJAna thaI zake jyAre tarka to sakalasAdhya sAdhana vyaktione sAMkaLI laIne pravarte che tethI te to agRhItagrAhI che. have bIjo vikalpa vicArIe to emAM to tamArA paga nIce ja relo Avaze. (bauddha "sAmAnya' padArthane mAnato nathI. arthAt, tene avastu mAne che. tethI temanI evI dalIla che "tarka jene viSaya banAve che te "sAmAnya padArtha che ane tethI tene pramANa kahevAya nahIM.') sAmAnyaviSayaka vikalpa hovAthI jo tarkane apramANa kahI dezo to tamArAM anumAna pramANa paNa UDI jaze kAraNa ke te paNa sAmAnyaviSayaka ja che. anumAnathI paNa "parvata upara agni che' eTaluM ja sAmAnya rIte jaNAya che pachI te agni tArNa ( tRNajanya) che ke pArTI (=parNajanya) che ItyAdi vizeSajJAna thatuM nathI. tethI jaNAya che ke anumiti sAmAnyAvagAhI che. chatAM, jo tame anumAnane vyavahArathI pramANa mAno cho te pachI tarkane pramANa mAnavAmAM zuM vAMdho che? ahIM "vyavahArataH prAmANyaprasiddhaH' kahyuM che. bauddhanuM vyAvahArika prAmANya zuM che te joIe. dUrathI ghaTa joyo ane najIka AvatA ghaTa prApta thayo." Avo aikya-adhyavasAya thAya che. aikyAdhyavasAya e ja, thayela pratyakSamAM avisaMvAda. Avo avisaMvAda jaNAvAthI prAmANya manAya che. tevuM ja anumiti aMge paNa che. tyAM anumeya ane prApya vacce aikya adhyavasAyarUpa eTale ke jenI anumiti karelI te ja maLyuM evA adhyavasAyarUpa avisaMvAda jaNAze ane tethI anumitijJAnamAM paNa prAmANya kahe che. Ama anumAnamAM sAmAnya padArtha (ke je bauddha mate avasturUpa che te) ja jaNAya che tema chatAM paNa paraMparAe anumAna paNa vizeSano prApaka banato hovAthI vastune baMdhAyelo che tethI anumAnamAM vyAvahArika prAmANya to tame mAno cho. pachI tarkamAM prAmANya mAnavAmAM zuM vAMdho che?

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104 jaina tarkabhASA iti dvAvanupalambhAviti pratyakSAnupalambhapaJcakAdvyAptigraha ityeteSAM siddhAntaH, taduktam - dhUmAthIrvanivijJAnaM dhUmajJAnamathAstayo | pratyakSanupatnazmaNyamiti paDyamantaH " iti; sa tu mithyA; upalambhAnupalambhasvabhAvasya dvividhasyApi pratyakSasya sannihitamAtraviSayatayA'vicArakatayA ca dezAdivyavahitasamastapadArthagocaratvAyogAt nyAtmanA jJAyamAnavizeSapratibaddhasvalakSaNAtmakaliGgajanyatayA prAmANyaM smrthynte| samarthayante ca te punadRzyaprApyayoraikyAdhyavasAyenAvisaMvAdabalAt pratyakSasyevAnumiterapi prApyAnumeyayoraikyAdhyavasAyarUpAvisaMvAdabalAdeva prAmANyam / etadeva hi tasyAH vyavahArataH prAmANyaM giiyte| tathA ca yathA bauddhamate'numAnasya prAmANyaM vyavahArato na viruddhaM tathA'smanmate tarkaprAmANyamapIti bhaavH| kiJca, pramANamavisaMvAdijJAnam (pra.vA.1/3) ityAdinA'visaMvAditvameva prAmANyaprayojakaM bhavatA'bhyupeyate / kathaM tarhi tarkaprAmANyapratiSedhaprayAso nyAyyA? svaviSaye tarkasyAvisaMvAditvAt / sAmastyena sAdhyasAdhanayoH vyAptistarkasya viSayaH, tasyAM cAvisaMvAdakatvaM suprasiddhameva / kathamanyathA'numAnasyApi tatsyAt / na khalu tarkasyAnumAnanibandhanasambandhaviSaye saMvAdAnupapattAvanumAnasyApi saMvAdaH sambhavati / na ca viprakRSTArthagrAhitayA tarkasya saMdigdhasaMvAditvamiti vAcyam, tarkasya saMvAdasaMdehe niHsaMdehAnumAnAnutthAnaprasaGgAditi niHsaMdehamanumAnamicchatA sAdhyasAdhanasambandhagrAhipramANamapi nizcitasaMvAdameva svIkartavyam / eTale sAmAnyaviSayaka hovAthI paNa tarkane apramANa na kahevAya. pUrvapakSa : be upalaMbha ane traNa anupalaMbhathI vyAtigraha thAya che. juo (1) agni-dhUmarahita pradezamAM sauprathama dhUmano anupalalma thAya, (2) pachI anyatra agnino upalaMbha, tyArabAda dhUmano upalaMbha, e be upalaMbha thAya, tyArabAda (3) agnino anupalaMbha ane pachI dhUmano anupalaMbha e be anupalaMbha thAya. A rIte pratyakSa (upalaMbha) ane anupalaMpiMcakathI vyAptigraha thAya che. kahyuM paNa che ke "dhUmanI anupalabdhi, pachI agnino upalaMbha ane dhUmano upalaMbha ane pachI banneno anupalaMbha thAya. A upalaMbha (=pratyakSa) ane anupalaMbha, kula maLIne pAMca dvArA vyAptigrahaNa thAya che." uttarapakSa : tamArI A mAnyatA barAbara nathI kAraNa ke upalaMbha ane anupalaMbha e banne prakAranuM pratyakSajJAna saMnihita ( cakSusaMnikRSTa) viSayanuM ja grahaNa karI zake che. ane pAchuM pratyakSa avicAraka paNa che mATe samasta dezanA ane sarvakALanA sarvadhUma-vahni vaccenI vyAptinuM grahaNa purovarti dhUmAdinA darzana-adarzana mAtrathI na thAya. (tAtparya e che ke pratyakSajJAnano svabhAva che saMnihitamAtragrAhitA ane avicArakatA. eTale ke najara sAme jeTaluM dekhAyuM eTaluM ja mAnavAnuM. jayAre tarkapramANano svabhAva ja vicAraka che. arthAta UhAtmaka = vicAraNAtmaka hoya tene ja to tarka pramANa kahyuM che. tethI tene deza-kALavyavahita evA paNa tamAma dhUma-vati sAthe svAbhAvika rIte ja (svabhAvabalAtu ja) saMbaMdha che. TUMkamAM, pratyakSa pote vicArAtmaka nathI (A vAta anubhavasiddha che.) jyAre tarka pote vicArAtmaka svarUpavALo che mATe asaMnihitagrAhI banI zake. pratyakSamAM A saMbhavita nathI. mATe pratyakSathI vyAptigraha mAnavAnI vAta khoTI Thare che.

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pramANapariccheda 105 yattu 'vyApyasyAhAryAropeNa vyApakasyAhAryaprasaJjanaM tarkaH / sa ca vizeSadarzanavad virodhizaGkAkAlInapramANamAtrasahakArI, virodhizaGkAnivartakatvena tadanukUla eva vA / na cAyaM tarkasya na svataH prAmANyaM kintu pramANasahakAritayA pramANAnukUlatayA vA pramANAnugrAhakatvameveti naiyAyikamatamupanyasyati 'yattu' ityAdinA / bAdhanizcayakAlInecchAjanyaM pratyakSaM jJAnamAhAryajJAnamucyate / parvate dhUmaM svIkRtya 'astu dhUmo, mA'stu vahniH ko doSaH' iti santamapi valimAzaGkamAnaM prati 'yadi vahnirna syAttarhi atra dhUmo'pi na syAditi yadaniSTApAdanam tad vyApyasya AhAryAropeNa vyApakasya AhAryaprasaJjanarUpam, tatra vaDhyabhAvasya vyApyatvAt, dhUmAbhAvasya ca vyApakatvAt, dhUmAbhAvAbhAvarUpadhUmavattayA nirNIte parvate vaqyabhAvarUpavyApyAropeNa dhUmAbhAvarUpavyApakApAdanasya AhAryajJAnarUpatvaM suspaSTameva / * tarka pramANasahakarI che - maiyAyika mata , bauddhanuM khaMDana thayuM tyAM pachA naiyAyiko have UbhA thAya che ke, tarka svataMtra pramANa nathI, mAtra pramANa sahakArI che. tethI have granthakAra teno mata darzAvI khaMDana karaze. naiyAyiko tarkanuM svarUpa judA prakAranuM mAne che. teo tarkane svataMtra pramANa mAnatA nathI. kintu pramANane sahakArI hovAthI pramANopakAraka (sahAyaka) mAne che. teonI mAnyatA kaMIka AvI che. vastunI avidyamAnatAno (bAdhano) nizcaya hovA chatAM paNa IcchAjanya je jJAna karAya tene AhAryajJAna kahevAya che. parvata upara dhUma dekhAvA chatAM koI vyabhicAranI zaMkA karatA ema kahe ke vastu dhUma:, ca ivani, ho topaH ?" dhUma bhale hoya, paNa agni na hoya temAM zuM vAMdho? to AvI zaMkA sAme ema kahevAya ke "Dhi vanirna thAta tardi satra dhUmoDapi na cAt' arthAt, jo agni na hoya to ahIM dhUma paNa na hoya' eTale ke "jo ahIM agnino abhAva hoya to ahIM dhUmano paNa abhAva ja hoya." have vAstavamAM ahIM dhUmAbhAva nathI kAraNa ke dhUmanuM to pratyakSa thayeluM ja che, tethI A tarka vahnayabhAvanI zaMkAne dUra karI Ape che. A rIte pramANa para upakAraka banavAthI tarkane pramANasahakArI kahevAya paNa svatannapaNe pramANa na kahevAya. jema ke - "A sthANuM che ke puruSa che ?' evo saMzaya ko'kane paDyo che paNa nirNaya thaI zakato nathI ke peluM zuM che? kAraNa ke sAme rahelI vastumAM UMcAI vagere sAmAnya dharmonuM darzana ja thAya tyAM sudhI A saMzaya Ubho rahevAno. paNa tyAM hAtha-paga, halana-calanAdinuM darzana thayuM. hAthapaga, halana-calanAdi vizeSadharmo puruSatvanA vyApya dharmo che. (arthAta, puruSatva vyApaka che ane hAtha-paga, halana-calanAdi vizeSadharmo vyApya che.) tethI AvuM vizeSadarzana thatA ja pelo saMzaya dUra thaI jaze ane "A puruSa che' evo nizcaya thaI jaze. have ahIM je vizeSadarzana thayuM tenAthI A nizcaya thayo nathI. A nizcaya to cakSuthI (IndriyarUpa pratyakSapramANathI) ja thAya che paraMtu cakSuIndriyane ukta nirNaya (= puruSanirNaya) karavAmAM aTakAvanAra pelI virodhI zaMkA (= sthANunI zaMkA) hatI. A vizeSadarzanano sahakAra maLatA ja virodhIzaMkAkAlIna evuM paNa pramANa (= indriya) ukta nirNaya karI zake che. Ama virodhI zaMkAkALe pramANane sahakArI banavA rUpe athavA to pachI virodhIzaMkAne dUra karavArUpe tarka e pramANane, vastu nirNaya karavAmAM sahAyaka bane che. yAda rahe,

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106 jaina tarkabhASA svataH pramANam' iti naiyAyikairiSyate; tanna; vyAptigraharUpasya tarkasya svaparavyavasAyitvena svataH pramANatvAt, parAbhimatatarkasyApi kvacidetadvicArAGgatayA, viparyayaparyavasAyina AhArya ___ yathA sthANurvA puruSo vetyAdisaMzayadazAyAM ekatarakoTivyApyavattArUpavizeSadarzanam, ekatarakoTiviSayake nirNaye jananIya indriyaM sahakAroti, yathA vA tadaparakoTipratiSedhakamAtraM, tathA tarko'yamapi pramANaM sahakariSyati virodhizaGkAmAnaM vA nivartya pramANAnukUlo bhaviSyatItyarthaH / idamatra sUkSmamIkSyam tarkasya pramANAnugrAhakatvaM dvedhA sambhavati, virodhizaGkAkAlInapramANakAryakAritvarUpasahakAritvena pramANakAryapratibandhakavirodhizaGkApasAraNamAtreNa vaa| tatra prathamapakSamapekSya dvitIyapakSAzrayaNe lAghavAduktaM 'virodhizaGkAnivartakatvena' ityAdi / sahakAritvaM hi ekadharmAvacchinnakAryatAnirUpitakAraNatAvattvaM, yathA daNDasya kumbhakArasahakAritvaM, yathA vA adRSTasya kumbhakArAdisahakAritvam / dvividhasyApi pramANasahakAritvasya tarke kalpanamapekSya virodhizaGkAnivartakatvamAtrakalpane lAghavAt / ___ 'kvacidetaditi - yatra vyAptigrahAnantaraM 'pakSe'stu heturmA'stu sAdhyami'ti vyabhicArazaGkA samullaset tatra 'yadi parvate vahnina syAttarhi dhUmo'pi na syAditi vayabhAvAtmakavyApyasyAropeNA''hitasya dhUmAbhAvalakSaNavyApakAropasya naiyAyikAbhimatasya tarkasya vyAptinirNaya evopayogaH / kathamiti cet, ke tarka pote vastunirNaya karato nathI paNa vastunirNAyaka evA anumAna pramANane virodhI zaMkA vakhate vastunirNaya karavAmAM mAtra sahAya kare che. tethI te pramANane sahakArI che. athavA, tarka virodhI zaMkAnuM nivartana karavArUpe mAtra pramANane vastunirNaya karavAmAM anukULa bane che ema samajavuM paNa te svataMtra pramANarUpa nathI, pramANane upayogI bane eTaluM basa. 9 tarka svataMtrapramANa che (nyAyamata khaMDana) * naiyAyikonI tarka aMgenI mAnyatA barAbara nathI tethI tenuM nirAkaraNa karavApUrvaka granthakAra tarkamAM svataMtra prAmANya siddha kare che. | sarva deza-kALanA dhUma-vatine viSaya banAvIne vyAptinuM grahaNa karanAra tarka pote svaparavyavasAyI jJAnAtmaka che mATe te svataMtra pramANa ja che. prazna : to pachI vyApyanA AhArya Aropa dvArA vyApakanA AhArya AroparUpa tarka (kanaiyAyikane abhimata taka) zuM koI kAmano nathI ? uttara : nA, naiyAyika saMmata tarka paNa kaMI sAva niSphaLa nathI. e tarka vyAptino nirNaya karavAmAM upayogI bane che. jema ke - "dhUma bhale hoya paNa vahni na hoya to zuM vAMdho?" AvI vyabhicAra zaMkA koIne thAya to tyAre "jo dhUma vahine vyabhicArI hoya to te vahnijanya paNa na hoya' A rIte tarka apAya che. A tarka eTale bIjuM kAMI nahIM paNa, "jo vyApya (=vadvivyabhicAritva) hoya to vyApaka (navalijanyatvAbhAva) paNa hoya A rIte vyApyAropapUrvaka vyApakAropanuM ApAdana karavuM e ja che. jenuM ApAdana karAyuM hoya tenA viparyayamAM ja chelle A tarka phalita thAya che. arthAt, dhUma valijanya che mATe vahivyabhicArI nathI' evo viparyaya siddha karIne AhAryazaMkAnuM nirAkaraNa karIne vyAptigrahaNa karavAmAM tarka upayogI bane che. (tAtparya e che ke- "dhUma vadvivyabhicArI hoya to

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pramANapariccheda 107 zaGkAvighaTakatayA, svAtantryeNa zaGkAmAtravighaTakatayA vopayogAt / itthaM cAjJAnanivartakatvena tarkasya parvate dhamAbhAvAbhAvavattayA vayabhAvAbhAvavattvarUpaviparyayasAdhanaparyayavasAyitvena AhAryazaDakAvighaTakatayeti bruumH| yatra na punarvyAptivicAraH prastuto na vA tAdRzI AhAryazaGkA, tatra vicArAnaGgatve'pi svAtantryeNaiva zaGkAmAtravighaTakatayA tAdRzasya tarkasyopayogitvamiti bhAvaH / nanu yadi zaGkAmAtravighaTakatayA tarkasyopayogitvaM, tarhi dharmabhUSaNena nyAyadIpikAyAM ajJAnanivartakatayA samarthitaM tarkaprAmANyaM kathaM saGgamanIyam dharmabhUSaNena hi zlokavArtikIyavAkyollekhena svamataM samarthitaM tatra, tathAhi - "taduktaM zlokavArtikabhASye- 'sAdhyasAdhanasambandhAjJAnanivRttirUpe hi phale sAdhakatamastarkaH iti" ' (nyA.dIpikA) tadetadapAkartumAha 'itthaM ceti - tathA ca ajJAnapadasya tatra mithyAjJAnaparatvena mithyAjJAnanivartakatvaM vahijanya paNa na hota' Ane naiyAyiko tarka kahe che. A tarka viparyayaparyavasAyI (= aMte ApAdyanA viparyayamAM phalita thanAra) che. viparyaya A rIte thAya che ke "dhUma vahnithI janya che mATe dhUma vatine vyabhicArI nathI." A viparyaya dvArA dhUma vahni vaccenI je vyabhicAranI AhAryazaMkA hatI te dUra thAya che. basa, A zaMkA dUra thatA ahIM naiyAyikasaMmata tarkanI kAmagiri pUrI thAya che. A rIte AhAryazaMkAnuM vighaTana karavA dvArA A tarka vyAptigrahaNamAM upayogI bane che.) ane jayAM vyAptino vicAra thato na hoya ane ukta rItanI AhAryazaMkA paNa na hoya tyAM A naiyAyika abhimata tarka khAsa upayogI banato nathI. chatAM paNa e tarka svataMtra rIte ja zaMkA mAtranuM vighaTana karavA dvArA, eTale ke koI zaMkAne UbhI ja na thavA devA dvArA upayogI bane che. A rIte vyAptino vicAra karavAmAM athavA AhAryavyabhicAra zaMkAne dUra karavAmAM, athavA (evI koI zaMkA na hoya ke vyAptino vicAra karavo na hoya tyAM) svataMtra rIte ja zaMkAmAtranuM vighaTana karavA dvArA te upayogI bane. vizeSavimarza : naiyAyikasaMmata tarkano AkAra jo dhUma vadvivyabhicArI hoya to vahnijanya paNa na hoya zake evo che. jyAre jaina saMmata tarkapramANano AkAra "amuka hoya to ja amuka hoya, anyathA na hoya...' evo che. zaMkA : jaina saMmata tarkapramANano je AkAra batAvyo che tevo AkAra to vyAptijJAnano hoya che. tarkane to tame vyAptigrAhaka mAno che mATe tarkano AkAra vyAptinA AkArathI kaMIka judo hovo joIe ne? samA. : jaina mate pramANajJAna ane phalajJAna vacce kathaMcit abheda che e vAta pUrve (zarUAtamAM ja) kahevAI gaI che. tethI je tarka jJAna che e ja vyAptijJAna che. tarkajJAna e pramANa che ane vyAptijJAna e phaLa che. tethI "jyAM jyAM agni hoya tyAM tyAM ja dhUma hoya, e sivAya na hoya AvI vicAraNA te tarka bane. AvA tarkathI "jyAM jyAM dhUma hoya tyAM tyAM agni paNa hoya ja AvI vyAptinuM grahaNa thAya che. pramANajJAna ane phalajJAna vacce kathaMcit abheda hovAthI AkAranI samAnatA hoya temAM koI bAdha nathI. jema ke "yaM ghaTa' evuM jJAna pramANa bane che ane tenAthI AtmAne "vayaM ghaTa?' evo je bodha thAya che e phaLa bane che.). 9. DraSTacce vaitat tattvArthaslovavava 9.9rU.996-8 vRttI |

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108 jaina tarkabhASA tarkasya prAmANyaM dharmabhUSaNoktaM satyeva tatra mithyAjJAnarUpe vyavacchedye saGgacchate, jJAnAbhAvanivRttistvarthajJAtatAvyavahAranibandhanasvavyavasitiparyavasitaiva sAmAnyataH phalamiti draSTavyam / sAdhanAtsAdhyavijJAnamanumAnam / tad dvividhaM svArthaM parArtha ca / tatra hetugrahaNasambandhasmaraNakAraNakaM sAdhyavijJAnaM svArtham, yathA gRhItadhUmasya smRtavyAptikasya 'parvato vahnimAn' iti jJAnam / atra hetugrahaNa-sambandhasmaraNayoH samuditayoreva kAraNatvamavaseyam, tarkasya tatra dharmabhUSaNAbhipretatvena boddhavyamiti na kazcidvirodhaH / nanu yadi vyAptiviSayakasaMzayAtmakamithyAjJAnanivartakatayA tarkaprAmANyaM samarthyate tarhi pramANasAmAnyaphalatayA jJAnAbhAvarUpAjJAnanivRttiH 'pramANasya phalaM sAkSAdajJAnavinivartanam' (nyAyA.gA.28) ityAdinoktA kathaM nirvahediti cet, ucyate, jainamate jJAnamAtrasya svaprakAzatayA tarkasyApi svaprakAzatvena svavyavasitiparyavasAyitvam / svavyavasitezca viSayavyavasitigarbhitatayA bAhyaviSayajJAtatAvyavahAraprayojakatvena viSayAjJAnanivRtti zaMkA : tame jo A rIte virodhI zaMkAnA vighaTaka tarIke ja mAtra tarkane upayogI gaNAvo cho to pachI dharmabhUSaNe (= digaMbara vidvAne) ajJAnanivartaka hovA rUpe tarkane pramANa kahyo che enI saMgati zI rIte thaze ? samA. : dharmabhUSaNe (nyAyadIpikAmAM) ajJAnanivartaka hovA rUpa tarkane pramANa kahyo che tyAM "ajJAna" padathI mithyAjJAna samajavuM arthAta, mithyAjJAnarUpa vyavacchedya jo tyAM hoya ke jenuM nivartana tarka dvArA thAya, to ja dharmabhUSaNe tarkamAM jaNAveluM prAmANya saMgata thAya. zaMkA : jo mAtrano zaMkAno vighaTaka hovAthI ja tarka pramANa kahevAto hoya to pachI pramANasAmAnyanuM phaLa je ajJAnanI nivRtti jainasiddhAntamAM prasiddha che, te tarka pramANamAM zI rIte ghaTaze? kAraNa ke tarka to mithyAjJAnano nAza kare che. samA. : jainasiddhAnta pramANe dareka jJAna svaprakAza che tethI tarka paNa svaprakAza che. svavyavasAya e paravyavasAyagarbhita hovAthI bAhyArthamAM thatA jJAtatAnA vyavahAramAM prayojaka che ane e rIte svavyavasAya ja viSayanA ajJAnanI nivRttirUpa che kAraNa ke, viSayAjJAnanivRtti (= paravyavasAya) thAya to ja svavyavasAya thAya. svavyavasAya thayo eTale viSayAjJAnanivRtti thaI ja hoya che. A rIte vAstavamAM, svavyavasAya ja jJAnAbhAvanI nivRttirUpa che. tethI tarkamAM paNa pramANanuM sAmAnyaphaLa A rIte ghaTe che kAraNa ke tarka paNa jJAnarUpa hovAthI svaprakAza to che ja. eka anumAna pramANanuM nirUpaNa have kramaprApta anumAna pramANanuM nirUpaNa kare che. tenuM lakSaNa jaNAve che. hetu dvArA sAdhyanuM jJAna thavuM te anumAna che. tenA be prakAra che. svArthAnumAna ane parArthAnumAna. svArthanumAnaH hetunuM grahaNa ane sAdhya-sAdhana vaccenA saMbaMdha (=vyApti)nuM smaraNa, A be dvArA potAne sAdhyanuM je jJAna thAya tene svArthAnumAna kahevAya che. dA.ta. dhUmane pratyakSa jonArA ane temAM

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pramANapariccheda 109 anyathA vismRtApratipannasambandhasyAgRhItaliGgakasya ca kasyacidanumAnotpAdaprasaGgAt / nizcitAnyathAnupapattyekalakSaNo hetuH, na tu trilakSaNakAdiH / tathAhi-trilakSaNa eva heturiti bauddhAH / pakSadharmatvAbhAve'siddhatvavyavacchedasya, sapakSa eva sattvAbhAve ca viruddhatvarUpatvamiti vastutaH svavyavasitereva jJAnAbhAvanivRttirUpatayA na tarkasyApi ajJAnanivRttirUpasAmAnyaphalAnupapattiH / itthameva ca 'svArthavyavasitereva tatphalatvAditi prAktanagranthasaGgatiH / trilakSaNakAdiri'ti - trINi lakSaNAni = rUpANi, pakSadharmatvasapakSasattvavipakSAsattvAkhyAni yasyAso trilakSaNakaH, sa Adiryasya paJcalakSaNakAdeH sa trilakSaNakAdiH punarheturna bhavatItyarthaH, hetvAbhAseSvapi trilakSaNAderativyAptatvAt / tatra sAdhyadharmaviziSTo dharmI pakSaH, yathA vaDhyanumAne parvataH, tasmin vartamAnatvaM rahelI vatinI vyAptinuM smaraNa karanArA puruSane parvato vatimAnuM evuM je anumAna thAya tene svArthanumAna kahevAya che. rasoDAmAM dhUma-agninI vyApti jeNe jANI hoya tevI vyakti parvata tarapha jAya ane parvata parathI nIkaLatA dhUmane jue tyAre tene dhUma-agninI pUrvagRhIta vyAptinuM smaraNa thaze ane pachI tene parvata agnivALo" che evuM anumAna thaze. A svArthAnumAna che. ahIM sAdhyanuM jJAna thavAmAM hetugrahaNa ane saMbaMdha (=vyApti) smaraNane je kAraNa kahyA che te bannene samuditarUpe (saMmIlitarUpe) ja kAraNa jANavA. anyathA, jo A bemAMthI eka kAraNa dvArA paNa sAdhyajJAna mAnavAmAM Ave to jeNe pUrve kyAreya vyAtigrahaNa karyuM ja na hoya tevA puruSane paNa dhUmanuM darzana thavA mAtrathI ja sAdhyanuM jJAna thaI javAnI Apatti Ave. e ja rIte pUrvagRhIta vyAptine bhUlI gayo hoya tevA puruSane paNa sAdhyanuM jJAna thaI javAnI Apatti Ave. athavA gharamAM beThA beThA mAtra vyAptinuM smaraNa karanArane dhUmanA darzana vinA paNa sAdhyanuM (agninuM) jJAna thaI javAnI Apatti Ave. hetugrahaNa ane saMbaMdhasmaraNa bane samuditarUpe kAraNa kahevAthI ukta Apattio rahetI nathI. * hetunA svarUpanuM nirUpaNa * svArthanumAna pachI yadyapi parArthAnumAnanI vAta karavAnI che paraMtu svArthanumAnanI vAtamAM ja saprasaMga hetu-sAdhya-pakSa AdinuM nirUpaNa kare che. parArthanumAnanI vAta tyAra bAda karaze. sauprathama hetunuM lakSaNa jaNAve che. sAdhya vinA jenuM astitva ja saMgata (upapanna) na bane te hetu kahevAya. (ahIM "anyathA'= sAdhya vinA). "jo vahnirUpa sAdhya na hoya to dhUma hoI ja na zake" A rIte vaddhinA (= sAdhyanA) abhAvamAM dhUmanuM (= hetunuM) anupapanna banI javuM e ja hetunuM ekamAtra svarUpa (= lakSaNo che. bauddho hetunA traNa svarUpo mAne che, naiyAyika vagere tenA pAMca svarUpo mAne che. e vAtanuM nirAkaraNa karavA mATe granthakAre spaSTa kahI dIdhuM 3 na tu trilakSaNakAdiH / / * bauddha saMmata heturUpyanuM khaMDana ka bauddha. tame hetunuM mAtra eka ja svarUpa jaNAvo cho e barAbara nathI kAraNa ke tenAthI hetunI pUrNa oLakha thatI nathI. hetunA traNa svarUpo che. pakSasattva (= pakSadharmatA), sapakSasattva ane vipakSAsattva.

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110 vyudAsasya, vipakSe'sattvaniyamAbhAve cAnaikAntikatvaniSedhasyAsambhavenAnumityapratirodhAnupapatteriti; tanna; pakSadharmatvAbhAve'pi udeSyati zakaTaM kRttikodayAd, upari savitA bhUmerAlokavattvAd, hetoH pakSadharmatvam / nizcitasAdhyavAn pakSaH sapakSaH yathA tatraiva mahAnasam, tatra hetoH sattvaM = sapakSasattvam / nizcitasAdhyAbhAvavAn pakSaH vipakSaH, yathA tatraiva hRdaH, tatrAvidyamAnatayA vyAvRttatvaM hetorvipakSAsattvam / bauddhAzca trairUpyameva hetulakSaNaM saGgirante / tathAhi - trairUpyameva hetulakSaNamanyathA hetvAbhAsavyavacchedAsambhavAt / pakSadharmatvasya hetusvarUpatvAbhAve kathaM ' zabda pariNAmI cAkSuSatvAdityAdau hetorasiddhatayA vyavacchedaH kathaM ca sapakSasattvasya hetulakSaNatvAbhAve ' zabdo nityaH janyatvAdi 'tyAdI hetorviruddhatvena vyudAsaH, kathaM ca vipakSAsattvasya hetulakSaNatvAbhAve 'parvato vahnimAn prameyatvAdityAdau hetoranaikAntikatAvyAvRttiH syAditi trairUpyameva hetulakSaNam / nirAkaroti 'tanne' tyAdinA 'udeSyati zakaTamityAdau kAlApekSayA, 'upari savitA' ityAdau ca dezApekSayA pakSadharmatvAbhAve'pi anumityutpattirupapAditA / A traNe dharmo jemAM hoya te hetu banI zake. A traNe dharmo hetvAbhAsanuM nirAkaraNa karavA mATe atyaMta jarUrI che. dA.ta. 'zabdaH rinAnI cAkSuSatvAt' zabda pariNAmI che kAraNa ke te cAkSuSapratyakSano viSaya bane che. AvuM koI kahe to ahIM cAkSuSatva hetu svarUpAsiddha che. (= pakSamAM nathI rahyo) AvA advaitunuM nirAkaraNa tyAre ja thaI zake jyAre pakSasattvane ya hetunuM svarUpa mAnyuM hoya. mATe hetunI asiddhatAnuM (=svarUpAsiddhatAnuM) nirAkaraNa thaI zake te mATe hetunuM 'pakSasattva' svarUpa mAnavuM jarUrI che anyathA ukta nirAkaraNa thavuM muzkela banI jaze. AvI ja rIte, hetumAM 'sapakSasattva' mAnavuM paNa jarUrI che. sapakSa eTale nizciMtasAdhyavAn. temAM hetu rahelo hovo joIe. jo hetumAM 'sapakSasattva' mAnavAmAM na Ave to viruddha hetvAbhAsanuM nirAkaraNa zI rIte thaze ? dA.ta. 'zabdaH nityaH janyatvAt' zabda nitya che kAraNa ke te utpanna thAya che. A sthaLe nityatvanI siddhi karI ApavA mATe apAyelo 'jayatva' hetu viruddha nAmano hetvAbhAsa che kAraNa ke janmatva to anityatvane vyApya hovAthI anityatvanI ja siddhi karI Ape. AvA asadvaitunuM nirAkaraNa muzkela na bane mATe 'sapakSasattva' hetumAM mAnavuM jarUrI che. AvuM sapakSasattva viruddha hetumAM maLI zakatuM nathI tethI e na maLavAthI viruddha hetunuM nirAkaraNa zakya bane. A ja rIte 'vipakSAsattva' paNa hetunuM svarUpa che evuM mAnavuM joIe. vipakSa eTale nizciMtasAdhyAbhAvavAn. temAM hetu rahelo na hovo joIe. hetumAM vipakSAsattva mAnavAthI vyabhicArI hetunuM nirAkaraNa karavuM muzkela na bane. dA.ta. 'parvato vahimAna prameyatvAt' parvata agnivALo che kAraNa ke te prameya che' ahIM prameyatva hetu anaikAntika (=vyabhicArI) che. kAraNa ke vipakSabhUta evA jalahadAdimAM paNa A hetu rahyo che. have jo vipakSAsattvane hetunuM svarUpa mAno to ja ukta asadvetuM, ke jemAM A svarUpa ghaTatuM nathI, tenuM nirAkaraNa thaI zake. A rIte hetunA ukta traNe svarUpo mAnavA jarUrI che, mAtra eka ja lakSaNathI na cAle.' jaina. : hetumAM traNa lakSaNa mAnavAnI koI AvazyakatA nathI, kAraNa ke pakSasattva vinAnA hetuthI jaina tarkabhASA -

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pramANapariccheda 111 asti nabhazcandro jalacandrAdityAdyanumAnadarzanAt / na cAtrApi 'kAlAkAzAdikaM bhaviSyacchakaTodayAdimat kRttikodayAdimattvAt' ityevaM pakSadharmatvopapattiriti vAcyam; ananubhUyamAnadharmiviSayatvenetthaM pakSadharmatvopapAdane jagaddharmyapekSayA kAkakASye prAsAdadhAvalyasyApi saadhnopapaH | paNa satya anumiti thaI zake che. dA.ta. - "have zakaTa nakSatrano udaya thaze, kAraNa ke atyAre kRttikA nakSatrano udaya che. A sthaLe "kRttikAnakSatrano udaya" hetu che paNa e to vartamAnakALamAM rahelo che. jyAre pakSa tarIke to bhaviSyakALa lIdho che. temAM A hetu rahyo na hovAthI "pakSasattva' na AvyuM ane chatAM paNa te hetuthI abhrAnta anumiti thAya che. (A padArthane vadhu spaSTa samajavA prasiddha udAharaNa laIe - "AvatI kAle somavAra che, kAraNa ke Aje ravivAra che.' ahIM pakSa che "AvatI kAla' ane hetu che "ravivAra'. ravivAra to Aje che eTale ke vartamAna che tethI AvatI kAla'rUpa (=bhaviSyakALarUpa) pakSamAM te rahyo nathI ane chatAM paNa tenAthI ukta anumiti thAya che e to anubhavasiddha che.) A to saddhatumAM kALanI apekSAe pakSadharmavAbhAva batAvyo. dezanI apekSAe paNa saddhatumAM paNa pakSadharmavAbhAva batAve che. "AkAzamAM sUrya UgI cUkyo che kAraNa ke dharatI para prakAza chavAI gayo che.' ahIM pakSa AkAza che ane "prakAzavattva' hetu che je dharatI para rahyo che. ane A rIte pakSadharmatA vinAno hovA chatAM paNa te hetu anumiti karAvI zake che. A ja rIte "AkAzamAM candra UgI cUkyo che kAraNa ke jalacandra (= jalamAM candranuM pratibiMba) dekhAya che. ahIM paNa AkAzarUpa pakSamAM jalacandrAtmaka hetu rahyo nathI ane tema chatAM paNa tenAthI anumiti thAya che. tethI jaNAya che ke anumiti karavA mATe hetumAM pakSadharmatA hovI Avazyaka nathI. bauddha : ahIM paNa pakSadharmatA siddha karI zakAya che. kRttikAno udayakALa (vartamAnakALa) ane zakaTano udayakALa (bhaviSyakALa), A banne kALane sAMkaLI lenAra vyApaka evA "mahAkAla'ne pakSa mAnavAthI bhaviSyano kALa paNa te mahAkAla ja samAviSTa thaI javAthI pakSadharmatA siddha thaI zake che. A ja rIte kSetra aMge paNa samajavuM. nabhazcandrathI mAMDIne jalacandra sudhInA saMpUrNa kSetrane sAMkaLI letA AkAzane ja pakSa mAnavAthI pakSadharmatA siddha thaI zake che. jenaH aho ! tamArI adbhuta samanvayadaSTi ! A rIte jo pakSadharmatA mAnI zakAtI hoya to pachI vizvanA tamAma padArthomAM pakSadharmatA ghaTI zakaze ane ADedhaDa anumAno karI zakAze. jema ke - "mahela sapheda che kAraNa ke kAgaDo kALo che.' AvA utpaTAMga anumAnomAM paNa pakSadharmatA siddha thaI zakaze. mahela ane kAgaDo badhAno AdhAra evA "AkAzane pakSa banAvavAthI kAma patI jAya che. eTale pachI to AvA anumAnone paNa koNa rokI zakaze ? kAraNa ke game tevA muzkela vyAdhine maTADI denArA kuzaLa vaidyarAjanI jema game tevA viSama sthaLe paNa pakSadharmatAnI upapatti karavAmAM to tame bAhoza cho. mATe AvI Apattio noMtaravAnuM na thAya mATe pakSadharmatAno Agraha tamAre choDavo ja paDaze. (yadyapi kAkakArya hetumAM prAsAdadhAvalyanI vyApti ja nathI tethI anumiti bhale na thAya paraMtu prastutamAM to mAtra

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112 jaina takabhASA nanu yadyevaM pakSadharmatA'numito nAGgaM tadA kathaM tatra pakSabhAnaniyama iti cet; kvacidanyathA'nupapattyavacchedakatayA grahaNAt pakSabhAnaM yathA nabhazcandrAstitvaM vinA jalacandro'nupapanna ityatra, kvacicca hetugrahaNAdhikaraNatayA yathA parvato vahnimAn dhUmavattvAdityatra dhUmasya parvate grahaNAdvalerapi / atha antarvyAptirevAnumitiprayojikA / antarvyAptau cAvazyameva pakSasyAntarbhAvaH 'pakSIkRta eva viSaye sAdhanasya sAdhyena vyAptirantarvyAptiriti vacanAt / vyAptijJAnIyA dharmiviSayataiva anumitidharmaviSayatAyAM tantramiti hetulakSaNe pakSadharmatvApraveze'pi antarvyAptijJAnabalAdeva tajjanyAnumitau pakSasyaiva dharmitayA bhAnaM, na punaranyathAnupapattyavacchedakatayA hetugrahaNAdhikaraNatayA vA tasya bhAnamityabhiprAyeNa pramANanayatattvAlokIyaM hetunA pakSadharmata svarUpanI ja vicAraNA hovAthI tenA dvArA anumitinI Apatti ApI che.) bauddhaH pakSadharmatA jo hetunuM lakSaNa na hoya, eTale ke hetunuM pakSamAM hovuM e anumitimAM jo kAraNa na hoya to pachI anumitimAM pakSanuM jJAna thAya che evo niyama zenA AdhAre ? arthAt, hetunuM pakSamAM bhAna che eTale ke pakSamAM ja sAdhyanI siddhi thAya che evuM niyamana zI rIte siddha thaze ? jenaH pakSanuM jJAna be rIte thAya che (1) keTalAka sthAnomAM anyathAanupapattirUpa vyAptinA avacchedakarUpe ( vizeSaNarUpe) thAya che jema ke - AkAza candranI anumiti sthaLe. AkAzamAM candranI anumiti thavAmAM jalacandrane hetu banAvAyo che paNa AkAzamAM candra hoya te vinA jalacandra hetu banI zakato nathI. kahevAnuM tAtparya e che ke A evuM sthaLa che ke jyAM pakSastha hetumAM ja sAdhyanI vyAptino nirNaya thAya. ahIM hetu jalacandra to pakSamAM rahyo ja nathI tethI hetumAM pakSadharmatA to nathI ja paraMtu tema chatAM anumitimAM pakSanuM jJAna to thAya ja che mATe jaNAya che ke ahIM hetumAM pakSadharmatA hovAnA kAraNe pakSanuM jJAna thatuM nathI kintu vyAptimAM ja aMtargata rIte pakSanuM jJAna thaI jAya che. eTale ke pakSadharmavAvacchinnavyAptinuM ja ahIM grahaNa thAya che. tethI ahIM vyAtigrahakALe ja vyAptinA avaracchedaka tarIke pakSanuM jJAna thaI gayuM hoya che. (2) keTalAka sthAnomAM hetugrahaNanA AdhArasthaLarUpe pakSanuM jJAna thaI jAya che. dA.ta. - "parvata agnivALo che kAraNa ke (parvata upara) dhUma che." AvA sthaLe vyAtigrahakALe pakSanuM jJAna saMbhavita nathI. kAraNa ke vyAtigraha to pUrve mahAna sAdimAM thaI gayo hoya che. tyAM parvatanuM jJAna hotuM nathI, tethI hetu jyAM jAya tyAM sAdhyanI anumiti thAya che. hetu parvata para jaNAyo hovAnA kAraNe parvata upara ja sAdhyanI siddhi thAya che. tAtparya e che ke, agninA adhikaraNamAM ja dhUma utpanna thAya. dUrastha agnithI ahIM dhUma utpanna na thAya. dhUmano Avo svabhAva hovAnA kAraNe ja dhUma je kSetramAM (=parvata upara) pratIta thAya, te ja kSetra agninI anumitimAM pakSa tarIke jaNAya che. Ama jaNAya che ke dhUmamAM pakSadharmatA che mATe anumitimAM pakSanuM jJAna nathI thatuM paNa dhUmano Avo svabhAvavizeSa je che (ke pote jayAM pratIta thAya tyAM ja vatinI anumiti karAvavI) tenA kAraNe anumitimAM parvatanuM pakSarUpe jJAna thAya. jalacandranI anumiti vakhate dhyAtigrahakALe ja pakSajJAna thaI jAya che paraMtu agninI anumiti vakhate evuM thaI zakatuM nathI. kAraNa ke tyAM AgaLa parvatanI pratIti vyAptinA avacchedaka tarIke thatI nathI. samasta dezakALanA tamAma dhUma-agni vacce jyAre vyAtigraha thato hoya tyAre dhUmanA adhikaraNa tarIke badhe parvata

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pramANapariccheda 113 tatra bhAnamiti / vyAptigrahavelAyAM tu parvatasya sarvatrAnuvRttyabhAvena na graha iti / yattu antarvyAptyA pakSIyasAdhyasAdhanasambandhagrahAt pakSasAdhyasaMsargabhAnam, taduktam - "pakSIkRta eva viSaye sAdhanasya vyAptirantarvyAptiH, anyatra tu bahiyAptiH" (pra.na. antarvyAptibahirvyAptilakSaNaparaM sUtramavalambya kasyacidekadezino matamupanyasyati 'yattu' ityAdinA / na pakSAntarbhAvAnantarbhAvakRto'ntarvyAptibahirvyAptyorbhedaH, kintu svarUpata eva tayorbhedaH, antarvyApteH sAdhyazUnyAvRttitvarUpatvAt, bahirvyAptezca sAdhyAdhikaraNavRttirUpatvAt / tathA cAnumitiprayojakAntarvyAptI pakSasyAghaTakatayA na tadbhAnabalAd anumitiviSayatA tatra pakSe nirvAhayituM zakyeti anumitau tadbhAnanirvAhAya asmaduktaiva kvacidanyathAnupapattyavacchedakatayA ityAdirItiranusaraNIyA / yadi cAntAptau niyamataH pakSabhAnaM syAt tadA antarvyAptigraha eva pakSasAdhyasaMsargasya bhAsitatvAt kiM pRthaganumityA ? ityAzayena prAguktamekadezimataM ja anugata rIte jaNAya evuM hotuM nathI. arthAt, "jyAM jyAM dhUma che tyAM tyAM agni che. A rIte ja vyAtigraha thAya che. pachI adhikaraNarUpe kyAreka parvata hoya to kyAreka mahAna sAdirUpa anya koI AdhAra paNa hoya tethI tyAM vyAtigraha kALe adhikaraNarUpe sarvatra parvata ja jaNAya evuM nathI. jayAre jalacandranI anumiti pUrve to vyAtigraha vakhate ja pakSanuM jJAna thaI jAya che e vAta pUrve jaNAvI ja dIdhI che. eTale kyAMka vyAptinA avacchedakarUpe to kyAMka hetugrahanA adhikaraNarUpe pakSanuM jJAna thAya che. TUMkamAM, "hetumAM pakSadharmatA che mATe anumitimAM pakSanuM jJAna thAya che' evo niyama nathI. * aMtavyatithI ja pakSanuM bhAna thAya' evA matanuM khaMDana pUrvapakSa aMtarthApti dvArA pakSamAM sAdhya ane sAdhana vaccenA saMbaMdhanuM grahaNa thAya che ane tethI hetu ane sAdhyano saMbaMdha paNa A rIte ja jaNAI jaze kAraNa ke pakSamAM ja ukta saMbaMdhanuM grahaNa thAya che. pramANanayatattvAlakAlaMkAra (sUtra-339) mAM zrIvAdidevasUrie aMtarlAminuM lakSaNa AvuM batAvyuM che - "pakSa banAvAyelA viSayamAM ja hetunI sAdhya sAthenI vyApti te aMtarthApti kahevAya. dA.ta. sarva prameya padArthavAtuM, ghaTavatu badhu prameya che, kAraNa ke padArtha che, jema ke ghaTa. ahIM ghaTa paNa "sarvamAM samAviSTa hovAthI pakSAntargata che ane e ghaTamAM, eTale ke pakSa banAvelA viSayamAM ja vyAptigrahaNa thaze. A aMtarthApti thaI. AnAthI bhinna eTale ke pakSa sivAyanA koI sthAnamAM eTale ke dAMtamAM je vyAptinuM grahaNa thAya tene bahirlApti kahevAya. dA.ta. - 'parvato vaddhimAna dhUmAt, mahAnasava' - "parvata agnivALo che, kAraNa ke te dhUmavALo che. jema ke rasoDe.' ahIM rasoDuM (dAMta) pakSathI bhinna padArtha che ane tyAM vyAptigrahaNa thayeluM che ane te pUrvagRhIta vyAptinA smaraNathI parvata para anumiti thaze) tethI A vyApti bahirlApti kahevAya che. A vyAkhyA jotA spaSTa samajAya che ke aMtarthApti dvArA pakSa ane sAdhyanA saMbaMdhanI pratIti thaI jAya che. arthAt aMtarthAptimAM to vyAtigrahaNa pakSamAM ja thAya che tethI vyAtijJAna dvArA ja tyAM AgaLa dharmI tarIke pakSanuM jJAna avazya thaI jAya che ane tethI AvI vyAptithI thatI anumitimAM niyatadharmImAM ja sAdhyanuM jJAna thAya che. (tAtparya : "badhI anumiti aMtarthAptithI ja thAya ane aMtarthAptimAM pakSanuM bhAna hovAnA kAraNe anumitimAM te jaNAya che mATe dharmInA jJAna mATe tame jaNAvelA pUrvokta be vikalpo

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114 jaina takabhASA 3/38) iti; tanna; antarvyAptyA hetoH sAdhyapratyAyanazaktau satyAM bahirvyApterudbhAvanavyarthatvapratipAdanena tasyAH svarUpaprayuktA'vyabhicAralakSaNatvasya, bahirvyAptezca sahacAramAtratvasya lAbhAt, sArvatrikyA vyApteviSayabhedamAtreNa bhedasya durvacatvAt / na cedevaM tadAntanirAkaroti 'tanna' ityAdinA / 'udbhavanavyarthatvapratipAdanena' iti - taduktaM pramANanayatattvAlokAlaGkAre 'antarvyAptyA hetoH sAdhyapratyAyane zaktAvazaktau ca bahirvyApterudbhAvanaM vyarthamiti' (3.37) atra naiyAyika uttiSThate - mA bhUt trairUpyaM hetulakSaNaM, avyApteH / tathAhi - 'pakvAnyetAni sahakAraphalAni, ekazAkhAprabhavatvAt, upayuktasahakAraphalavat' ityAdau bAdhitaviSaye, 'mUryo'yaM devadattaH tatputratvAt' barAbara nathI. AvuM pUrvapakSanuM tAtparya jaNAya che.) u.pakSa : pakSano aMtarbhAva hoya to tene aMtarthApti kahevAya ane pakSano aMtarbhAva na hoya tene bahivyakti kahevAya A rIte aMtarthApti ane bahirvAti vacceno bheda nathI paraMtu A be prakAranI vyApti vacce svarUpathI ja bheda paDe che. bAkI sArvatrika = sarvadeza-kALanA sAdhya-sAdhanone viSaya banAvatI vyAptimAM viSayabheda mAtrathI (= pakSarUpa viSaya hovA ke na hovA mAtrathI) bheda pADavo e zakya nathI. pramANanayatattvAlIkAlaMkAramAM ema kahevAyuM che ke "parArthanumAnamAM daSTAMtavacana upayogI nathI kAraNa ke aMtarthAptithI ja jo sAdhyanI siddhi thaI zakatI hoya to daSTAMta=bahirbApti batAvavI vyartha che." kahevAnuM tAtparya e che ke parAthanumAnamAM mAtra pakSa ane hetuvacana ja paryApta che, dRSTAMtavacana binajarUrI che. kAraNa ke dRSTAMtathI to bahivyaktinuM prakAzana thAya che. tenA badale vyutpannamativALA zrotA ne "parvato dhUmavAnuM eTaluM sAMbhaLIne "dhUma to agni hoya to ja saMbhave. mATe parvata para agni che. A rIte anumiti thaI zake che. A aMtarthAptithI anumiti thaI. je A rIte anumiti karavA samartha hoya tene dRSTAMtavacana kahevAnI zuM jarUra ? AnA parathI jaNAya che ke aMtarthApti e "svarUpathI avyabhicArarUpa che jyAre bahirbApti to sahacAra mAtrarUpa che. (dhUma hoya to agni hoya ja. agni vinA na ja saMbhave. jyAre daSTAMtamAM jaNAtI vyApti = "jema ke mahAnasamAM dhUma agninI sAthe ja rahyo che' - ahIM sahacAra mAtra jaNAya che. eTale 'pakSabhAna thAya te aMtarlAmi' AvuM mAnavuM vyAjabI nathI. arthAt, Ama pakSa aMtarlAsino ghaTaka nathI. paNa svarUpathI ja be vyAptimAM pharaka mAnavo ucita che. anyathA jo aMtarthAptimAM pakSabhAna thAya ja che evuM mAnazo, eTale ke pakSane aMtarthAptimAM ghaTaka mAnazo to pachI aMtavyatithI ja sAdhyanI pakSamAM pratIti thaI ja gaI. pachI anumAnanI jarUra zuM che? arthAt "parvata agnivALo che' AvI sAdhyanI pratIti karyA vinA ja aMtavyakti dvArA pakSamAM sAdhyano saMbaMdha bhAsI javAthI anumAna niSphaLa banI javAnI Apatti Avaze. mATe aMtarlItithI pakSanuM bhAna thatuM nathI paNa ame pUrve kahyA pramANe be rIte pakSanuM bhAna anumitimAM saMbhave che. A vAtane vidvAnoe zAstrAnusAre vicAravI joIe. naiyAyiimata hetunI paMcarUpatAnuM khaMDana * bauddha saMmata hetunI trirUpatAnA khaMDanathI ja taiyAyika saMmata hetunI paMcarUpatAnuM paNa khaMDana thaI jAya

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pramANapariccheda 115 AptigrahakAla eva pakSasAdhyasaMsargabhAnAdanumAnavaiphalyApattiH vinA parvato vahnimAnityuddezyapratItimiti yathAtantraM bhAvanIyaM sudhIbhiH / itthaM ca 'pakvAnyetAni sahakAraphalAni ekazAkhaprabhavatvAd upayuktasahakAraphalavadityAdau bAdhitaviSaye, mUryo'yaM devadattaH tatputratvAt itaratatputravadityAdau satpratipakSe cAtiprasaGgavAraNAya abAdhitaviSayatvAsatpratipakSatvasahitaM prAguktarUpatrayamAdAya pAJcayaM hetulakSaNam' iti naiyAyikamatamapyapAstama; udeSyati zakaTamityAdau pakSaityAdau satpratipakSe ca hetvAbhAse'pyasya sambhavAt / ato'bAdhitatvaM sAdhyaviparItanizcAyakaprabalapramANarahitatva lakSaNaM, asatpratipakSatvamapi hetulakSaNaM vAcyaM, tena noktasthale'tivyAptiH, AmatAgrAhiNA pratyakSeNa ekazAkhAprabhavatvasya bAdhitatvAt, tatputratvasyApi ca vividhazAstravyAkhyAnAdikauzalazAlitvalakSaNapratihetunA zakyabAdhatayA satpratipakSitatvAt / tadetadapi trairUpyakhaNDanAdeva khaNDitaM darzAte 'itthaM ce'tyAdinA / kiJca, kevalAnvayikevalavyatirekiNorhetvoH yathAkramaM vipakSAvRttitvasapakSavRttitvAbhAvena pAJcarupyAbhAve'pi gamakatvaM tairaGgIkriyate iti bhavaddhastenaiva paJcatvaM prApto'yaM hetupAJcarUpyavAdaH / evaM ca paJcalakSaNalakSitaliGgAgrahaM vihAya haThAt ninovichattakSatnikSatafmada jaMkyatAM phiF // (cAritnA.3/13 vRtti) che. hetunA pAMca svarUpa mAnanArA naiyAyikono abhiprAya Avo che - hetunA pakSadharmavAdi traNa svarUpo to bauddhanI jema ame ya mAnIe ja chIe paraMtu temAM uNapa rahe che. je hetu bAdhita ke satpatipakSa hevAbhAsarUpa hoya temAM paNa hetunI trirUpatA to ghaTaze. "A AmraphaLo, pAkA che, kAraNa ke eka ja zAkhA para UgelA che. jema ke - upayogamAM AveluM "AmraphaLa'. A prayogasthaLe e ja DALa para UgelA AmraphaLone pakSa banAvyo che, tadgata pAkane sAdhya banAvyuM che ane zAvAjhamavatva' ne hetu banAvela che. ahIM A hetumAM pakSadharmavAdi traNe vastu to rahI ja che. chatAM paNa pakSa pote ja pratyakSabAdhita che kAraNa ke AmraphaLo kAcA che te pratyakSa anubhavAya che. Ama, A hetu pratyakSa bAdhita viSayamAM pravartato hovAthI bAdhita che. arthAt hetvAbhAsa che ane chatAM paNa bauddhanuM hetunuM lakSaNa (trirUpatA) to temAM paNa ghaTe che tethI bauddhanuM lakSaNa ativyApta che. A ativyAptinA vAraNa mATe bauddha mAnelA hetunA traNa svarUpomAM hetu abAdhitaviSayavALo hovo joIe" evuM cothuM svarUpa umeravuM paDaze. A cothuM svarUpa "zAvAmavatva' hetumAM nathI tethI ativyAptinuM vAraNa thaI zakaze. taduparAMta, "devadatta mUrkha che, kAraNa ke te teno (vivakSitastrIno) putra che, tenA anya mUrkhaputranI jema" A prayogasthaLe devadatta" pakSa che, "mUrkhatva' sAdhya che, "taputratvae hetu che, teno anya putra daSTAMta che. ahIM "taputratva' hetumAM pakSa-sattva (pakSadharmatA), sapakSasattva, vipakSAsattvarUpa traNe pUrvokta svarUpo rahelA che. devadattamAM mUrkhatA nathI, evuM pratyakSa dekhAtuM nathI tethI abAdhitaviSayavarUpa cothuM svarUpa paNa che. chatAMya A hetu nirdoSa na paNa hoya evuM bane. "devadatta mUrkha nathI kAraNa ke teNe aneka zAstro lakhyA che evA pratianumAna dvArA devadattamAM mUrkhatvAbhAvanI siddhi karI zakAya che. AvA virodhituvALo hovAthI taputratva hetu satmatipakSita che.

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116 jaina takabhASA dharmatvasyaivAsiddheH, sa zyAmaH tatputratvAdityatra hetvAbhAse'pi pAJcalapyasattvAcca, nizcitAnyathAnupapattereva sarvatra hetulakSaNatvaucityAt / taduktaM - anyathAnupapannatvaM rUpaiH kiM paJcabhiH kRtam / ____ nAnyathAnupapannatvaM rUpaiH kiM paJcabhiH kRtam / / 'hetvAbhAse'pI'ti - upalakSaNAt hetvAbhAsaparyavasAyI heturapi grAhyaH, tena sopAdhikahetoH parigrahaH, tAdRze hetau ca tatputratvalakSaNe darzitAtivyAptyupapattirapi syAt / yadvA, navyaiH sopAdhikahetoApyatvAsiddhatvena saGgrahAt mUloktameva samyak / itthaM cAtivyAptyavyAptyAdidoSaduSTatvAdekalakSaNo hetureva mantavya iti sthitam / arthAt hetvAbhAsa che ane temAM ya bauddhanuM hetulakSaNa ativyApta bane che. ativyAptinuM vAraNa karavA mATe "hetu satpatipakSatvarahita hovo joIe," (arthAtu, hetuno koI pratipakSabhUta prati hetu na hovo joIe) evuM hetunuM pAMcamuM svarUpa paNa mAnavuM paDaze. A pAMcamuM svarUpa taputratvamAM na hovAthI 'taputratva'mAM hetunuM lakSaNa ativyApta nahIM bane. Ama, hetumAM trirUpatA nahIM paNa paMcarUpatA hovI jarUrI che. naiyAyikonI ukta mAnyatAnuM khaMDana paNa bauddhanI trirUpatAnA khaMDanathI ja thaI gayeluM jANavuM. kAraNa ke have zakaTanakSatrano udaya thaze kAraNa ke atyAre kRttikA nakSatrano udaya che' ItyAdi pUrvokta sthaLomAM pakSadharmatva aghaTamAna che e vAta to pUrve jaNAvI ja gayA chIe. tenAthI ja jaNAya che ke paMcarUpatA vinAno hetu paNa jo anyathAanupapanna hoya to te saddhatu hoI zake che. Ama, bauddhanI trirUpatAnA khaMDana dvArA ja taiyAyikanI paMcarUpatAnuM khaMDana thaI jAya che, tema chatAM te bahu mahAnuM che tethI teNe mAnelI paMcarUpatAnA khaMDana mATe junI dalIlane kAme na lagADatA navI nakkora dalIla ja ApavI joIe evo jo temano Agraha hoya to lo tyAre, sAMbhaLo ! mitrA nAmanI koI strInA cAra putro che. traNa kALA che, eka gauravarNano che. mitrAnA traNe zyAma putrone jonArI vyakti mitrAnA cothA putramAM zyAmatvanuM anumAna kare che - "te (=cotho putra) zyAma che, kAraNa ke mitrAno putra che, jema ke mitranA anya traNa putro. ahIM 'mitrAputratvahetu che. temAM taiyAyikoe mAnelA hetunA pAMce svarUpo (pakSadharmatvAdi) rahelA che ane chatA paNa mitrAputratva hetu sopAdhika hovAthI hetvAbhAsa che. tethI taiyAyikonuM hetulakSaNa temAM javAthI ativyApta bane che. (sopAdhika hetumAM upAdhiyukta vyApti hovAthI te hetu vyApyatAsiddha kahevAya che.) AthI hetunuM anyathAanupapatti evuM eka ja lakSaNa sarvatra mAnavuM ucita che. AvuM lakSaNa 'taputratva' hetumAM na hovAthI amAre jainone koI Apatti AvatI nathI. (ahIM prasaMgataH upAdhinuM svarUpa jANI laIe. "HTdhyavyAtvei sati sAdhanA vyApakam 3padhaH' je sAdhyane vyApaka hoya paNa hetune vyApaka na hoya te upAdhi. A tenuM lakSaNa che. prastutamAM "taputratva' sopAdhika hetu che kAraNa ke "zAkapAkajanyatva' e tyAM upAdhi che. pUrvanA traNa putro zAkapAkajanya hovAthI zyAma hatA (arthAtu, te traNa putro garbhamAM hatA tyAre mitrAe bahu zAka-AhAra karyo hovAthI te zyAma

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pramANapariccheda 117 nanu hetunA sAdhyamanumAtavyam / tatra kiM lakSaNaM sAdhyamiti cet; ucyate-apratItamanirAkRtamabhIpsitaM ca sAdhyam / zaGkitaviparItAnadhyavasitavastUnAM sAdhyatApratipattyarthamapratItamiti vizeSaNam / pratyakSAdiviruddhasya sAdhyatvaM mA prasAGkSIdityanirAkRtagrahaNam / anabhimata___'apratItami'tyAdi - etAni cApratItAdIni sAdhyavizeSaNAni svArthAnumAne'numAtrApekSayaiva sambhavanti, tatra vAdiprativAdivyavasthAyA asambhavAt / parArthAnumAne tu tatsambhavenApratItamiti vizeSaNaM prativAdyapekSayA, na punarvAdyapekSayA, tasyArthasvarUpapratipAdakatayA'pratItatvAsambhavAt, anyathA vAditvavyAhateH / prativAdinastu tadavazyamapratItameSTavyamanyathA siddhasAdhanadoSaprasaGgAt / abhIpsitamiti tu parArthAnumAnApekSayaiva, anyathA ghanagarjanazravaNAt, AkAze jAyamAnaM meghAnumAnaM kathaM saGgacchet ? tatra meghasya icchyaa'vissyiikRtthayA.) mitrAputra hovA mAtrathI zyAma nahotA. cothA putramAM zAkapAkajanyatva na hovAthI zyAmatva na AvyuM. ahIM zAkapAkajanyatvamAM upAdhitva A rIte ghaTe che. jyAM jyAM zyAmatva che tyAM tyAM zAkapAkajanyatva che tethI e sAdhya (zyAmatva) ne vyApaka che. paraMtu jyAM jayAM mitraputratva che tyAM badhe zAkapAkajanyatva nathI kAraNa ke mitrAputratva to cothA putramAM paNa che ane tyAM zAkapAkajanyatva nathI tethI zAkapAkajanyatva hetu (= mitrAputratva) ne avyApaka che. Ama, zAkapAkajanyatvamAM upAdhinuM lakSaNa ghaTe che. A upAdhine naiyAyika svataMtra hetvAbhAsa nathI mAnato kintu vyabhicAra doSanuM anumAna karAvI ApanAra tarIke tene doSarUpa mAne che. upAdhithI hetumAM vyabhicAra doSanuM anumAna A rIte thAya - "taputratve mitvavyafmavAri zachipAvananyatvavyamavaritrAt' taputratva hetu, zyAmavarUpa sAdhyane vyabhicArI che kAraNa te hetu mitrAnA cothA putramAM zAkapAkajanyatvane vyabhicArI che. Ama, svataMtra hetvAbhAsa na hovA chatAM vyabhicArobhAvaka hovAthI te doSarUpa che. A prAcIna naiyAyikono mata che. navyarnayAyikonA mate upAdhiyukta hetu vyApyatvAsiddha hetvAbhAsa kahevAya che. ahIM granthakAre sopAdhika evA "tatyutratva' hetune je hetvAbhAsa kahyo che te navyamatanI apekSAe jaNAya che.) * sAdhyanA svarUpanuM nirUpaNa prazna : hetu dvArA sAdhyanuM anumAna karavuM ema kahyuM to kharuM ! paNa, jema tame hetunuM svarUpa jaNAvyuM te rIte sAdhyanuM svarUpa to jaNAvyuM nahIM. uttaraH jaNAvAya che. je anizcita hoya, pramANathI abAdhita hoya ane jene siddha karavAnI IcchA hoya tene sAdhya kahevAya. sAdhyanA A lakSaNanuM padakRtya kare che - zaMkti - viparIta ane anadhyavasita vastuno paNa sAdhyakoTimAM samAveza thaI zake e hetuthI "pratItam' vizeSaNa mUkyuM che. koIne evo saMzaya paDe ke "parvata upara vahiM haze ke nahIM ?" ene mATe vali, zaMkAno viSaya hovAthI apratIta che. koI brAnta mANasa, parvata para vati vidyamAna hovA chatA tene avidyamAna svIkArato hoya to tene mATe vahni e viparyayano viSaya hovAthI apratIta che. (arthAt, tene mATe vahmayabhAva pratIta che, vahni to apratIta ja che.) koI mANasa mAtra eTaluM ja jANato hoya ke parvata para kaMIka che, tene mATe vahni anadhyavasAyano

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118 jaina tarkabhASA syAsAdhyatvapratipattaye'bhIpsitagrahaNam / ____kathAyAM zaGkitasyaiva sAdhyasya sAdhanaM yuktamiti kazcit tanna; viparyastAvyutpannayorapi tvenAbhIpsitatvAbhAvatayA sAdhyatvAyogAt, ataH parArthAnumAnApekSayaiva taditi phalitam / itthameva ca 'abhIpsitamiti tu vAdyapekSayaiva' ityatanagranthasaGgatiH vAdiprativAdivyavasthAyA parArthAnumAna eva bhAvAt / viparyastAvyutpannau paraM jJAtatattvaM prati nopasarpata iti kathaM te pratipAdyau syAtAmiti jijnyaasaayaaviSaya hovAthI apratIta che. TUMkamAM phalitArtha - vadvinI bAbatamAM saMzaya viparyaya ke anadhyavasAyathI yukta vyakti mATe vadvi apratIta che ane tethI tevA manuSyo mATe te sAdhyarUpa banI zake che. jyAre parvata para vahnino nizcaya jene thaI gayo hoya tene mATe vati sAdhyarUpa banI zake nahIM. (vizeSaH 'apratIta' evuM vizeSaNa kyAM? konI? apekSAe ghaTe enI jarA vicAraNA karI laIe. svArthInumAnamAM vAdI-prativAdInI vyavasthA hotI nathI. svArthanumAnamAM potAne pakSamAM je apratIta hoya te sAdhya banI zake. evo artha karavo. pakSa sivAya kyAMya anyatra te pratIta thayeluM hoya temAM vAMdho nathI. apratIta = sarvatra apratIta evo artha paNa na karavo kAraNa ke sarvatra apratIta vastu sAdhya banI na zake. have parAthanumAnamAM to vAdI-prativAdInI vyavasthA hoya che. (arthAta pratipAdaka - pratipAdya ema be vyakti hoya che.) tyAM vAdI to pratipAdaka hoya che. tene to sAdhya pratIta ja hoya che paNa pratipAdya evA prativAdIne tenI pratIti (siddhi) karAvavA mATe anumAna prayoga kare che. tethI parArthAnumAna sthaLe prativAdInI apekSAe A vizeSaNa jANavuM.) apratIta hoya paNa pratyakSa-AgamAdi pramANathI je bAdhita banatuM hoya te sAdhya na banI zake. A niyama jaLavAya mATe "nirAkRtam' evuM vizeSaNa mUkyuM che. koI vahnimAM anuSNatAnI siddhi karavA mATe Avo prayoga kare ke "vadvi anuSNa che, janya padArtha hovAthI, ghaTanI jema." ahIM vahnimAM anuSNatA apratIta to che ja ane vaktAne vahnimAM anuSNatA siddha karavI abhIsita paNa che. tethI e sAdhya banI javAnI Apatti Ave. paNa A vizeSaNa dvArA ukta ApattinuM nirAkaraNa thaI jAya che. vatimAM anuSNatA pratyakSathI ja bAdhita che tethI te sAdhya nahIM banI zake. A ja rIte AtmAmAM jJAnazUnyatAnI siddhi karavA mATe koI prayoga kare ke "AtmA jaDa che, amUrta hovAthI, AkAzanI jema." ahIM AtmAmAM jJAnamayatva jaNAvanArA Agamono virodha Ave tethI AtmAmAM jJAnazUnyatA AgamapramANathI bAdhita thatI hovAthI AvuM sAdhya e vAstavAmAM sAdhya banI zakatuM nathI. Ama, pratyakSAdi pramANathI bAdhita vastu sAdhya na bane mATe ukta vizeSaNa mukAyuM che. jenI siddhi karavI abhipreta hoya te ja sAdhya banI zake. A niyama jaLavAya mATe "marNita' evuM vizeSaNa mUkyuM che. anyathA vizvanI jeTalI vastuo apratIta ane pramANathI abAdhita hoya te badhI ja sAdhya banI javAnI Apatti Ave. paraMtu e badhI cIjonuM atyAre koI kAma nathI. jenI siddhi karavI abhipreta hoya te ja abhIsita kahevAya ane tethI te ja sAdhya banaze. * viparIta-anadhyavasita vastu paNa sAdhya banI zake pUrvapakSa zakita-viparIta-anadhyavasita e traNe sAdhya banI zake che evuM tamAruM kathana barAbara lAgatuM

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pramANapariccheda 119 parapakSadidRkSAdinA kathAyAmupasarpaNasambhavena saMzayanirAsArthamiva viparyayAnadhyavasAyanirAsArthamapi prayogasambhavAt, pitrAderviparyastAvyutpannaputrAdizikSApradAnadarzanAcca / na cedevaM jigISukathAmAha - "viparyastAvyutpannayorapI'tyAdi / parapakSadidRkSAdinA viparyastasya svayaM tattvabubhutsayA cAvyutpannasya paraM pratyupasarpaNasambhavAt / kaucittau nopasarpata eva paramiti cet, saMzayito'pi kazcittathaiva / atha parAnugrahatatparAntaHkaraNenopekSA'nupapatteranarthitvAdanupasarpannapi saMzayitAtmA pratibodhya eveti cet, tarhi tata eva viparyastAvyutpannAvapi tathA syAtAm / tadeva darzayannAha - 'pitrAderi'ti / 'jigISukathAyAmiti - vAda-jalpa-vitaNDAbhedAt trividhA kathA / tatra pakSapratipakSaparigrahapura nathI. vAdamAM koI bAbatamAM saMdeha hoya to te ja bAbatamAM saMdehane dUra karIne tattvasiddhi karI ApavAnA udezathI anumAna prayoga karAya che. tethI kathAmAM zaMkita vastu ja sAdhya banI zake. viparIta-adhyavasita vastu sAdhya banI na zake. uttarapakSa : jema saMzayavALo mANasa "cAlo, vAdamAM pAko nirNaya thaI jaze' ema vicArIne vAdamAM joDAya che. tema viparIta arthanirNayavALo (brAnta) ke ajJAta vyakti paNa vAdamAM praveze ja che. (arthAt, parArthAnumAna jema saMzayane dUra kare che tema viparyAsane ke anadhyavasAyane paNa dUra karI zake che.) brAnta ke ajJAta vyakti anyanI mAnyatAne jANavAnI jijJAsAthI vAdamAM Ave evuM paNa banI zake che. arthAt, zaMkitanI jema viparIta ke anadhyavasita padArtha paNa sAdhya banI zake che. lokavyavahAramAM paNa UMdhI samajavALA ke samajaNa vagaranA putrane sAcI samajaNa ApatA pitA jovA maLe ja che ne ! tethI brAntAdi mATe paNa anumAnaprayoga thaI zake che e vAta svIkAravI ucita che. bAkI brAntAdi mATe jo anumAnaprayoga thaI zakato na hoya to pachI jigISakathAmAM (hAra-jItanA udezathI cAlatA vAdamAM) kyAre ya vacanaprayoga thaI ja nahIM zake kAraNa ke tattvanirNayanA udezathI ja carcA karavI ucita che. jItanA udezathI ja AvI pravRtti jo thatI hoya to te carcAmAM sAcA tattvanA nirNaya karatA potAnuM abhimAna - sarvoparitA sthApavAnI vRtti e badhuM ja pradhAna banI jatuM hoya che ane "game tema karIne jIta meLavuM' evI vRttinA kAraNe pachI khoTI vAtane pakaDI rAkhavAnuM paNa thAya. tethI jItavAnI IcchAvALI vyakti ja sAbhimAna hovAthI tattvataH viparyasta che kAraNa ke khoTI vAtane pakaDI hovA chatAM paNa "mArI mAnyatA ja sAcI che' evuM abhimAna hovuM e eka prakArano viparyAsa ja kahevAya ne ! mATe tamArA kahevA pramANe to AvI kathAmAM anumAna prayoga thavA na joIe paraMtu thatA hoya evuM dekhAya che. AthI zaMkitanI jema viparyasta-anavyavasita vastu paNa sAdhya banI zake che. arthAt, tene mATe paNa anumAna prayoga thaI zake che. * "nirIkTara' "mIkSita' vizeSaNo aMge spaSTatA ka sAdhyanA lakSaNamAM raheluM 'nirAkRtam' evuM tenuM vizeSaNa vAdI-prativAdI bannenI apekSAe samajavuM. arthAta, vAdI-prativAdI banne dvArA ja pratyakSAdipramANothI nirAkRta (=bAdhita) na thatuM hoya tene sAdhya

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1 20 jaina takabhASA yAmanumAnaprayoga eva na syAt tasya sAbhimAnatvena viparyastatvAt / / ___anirAkRtamiti vizeSaNaM vAdiprativAdyubhayApekSayA, dvayoH pramANenAbAdhitasya kathAyAM sAdhyatvAt / abhIpsitamiti tu vAdyapekSayaiva, vaktureva svAbhipretArthapratipAdanAyecchAsambhavAt / tatazca parArthazcakSurAdaya ityAdau pArArthyamAtrAbhidhAne'pyAtmArthatvameva sAdhyaM sidhyati / anyathA saMhataparArthatvena bauddhaizcakSurAdInAmabhyupagamA (t sAdhanavaiphalyA) dityananvayAdidoSaduSTametatsAGkhyasAdhanamiti vadanti / svArthAnumAnAvasare'pi parArthAnumAnopayogyabhidhAnam, parArthasya svArthapurassaratvenAnatibhedajJApanArtham / smaramabhyAsahetave tattvanirNayArthaM vA AcAryaziSyAdyoH yA kathA sa vAdaH / sA eva chalAdiyuktA vijigISayA prayuktA jalpaH / 'yanmAdhavenoktaM tanna' ityabhiprAyavAn kevalaM khaNDanA''vezaprayukto svapakSopanyAsarahito jalpo vitaNDA / Adyavarje dve api vijigISukathe ucyate, vijayecchAyA ubhayatra sadbhAvAt / kahevAya. bemAMthI koI ekane mATe ja anirAkRta (=abAdhita) hoya ema na mAnavuM. "abhIpsita" vizeSaNa vAdInI apekSAe ja che kAraNa ke anumAnaprayoga karanAra vaktAne ja svAbhipreta arthanI siddhi karavAnI IcchA saMbhave che. kahevAnuM tAtparya e che ke vAdI (vaktA)ne jevA sAdhyanI siddhi karavI abhipreta hoya te ja sAdhya banI zake che. vAdI je padArthane je rUpe svIkArato nathI te svarUpe paNa jo te padArtha sAdhya banI jato hoya to pachI sAdhyanI siddhi ja niSphaLa thaI jAya. sAMkhyo AtmAnI siddhi karavA mATe je anumAnaprayoga Ape che te A bAbatamAM udAharaNa che. sAMkhyono anumAnaprayoga Avo che - "vabhurAyaH parArthI saMdhItatva izayyAsanADhiva" = cakSu Adi Indriyo anyane mATe che, saMghAtarUpa hovAthI, zayyA-AsanAdinI jema." zayA-AsanAdi vastuo paramANusamUharUpa hovAthI saMghAtAtmaka (saMhata) che tethI te potAne mATe nathI hotA paNa potAnA upabhoktA vyakti mATe ja hoya che. AthI tene "parArtha' kahevAya che. je saMghAtarUpa hoya te parArtha hoya evI vyakti che. cakSu Adi Indriyo paNa saMghAtarUpa hovAthI parArtha che. je para artha che te ja AtmA che. A rIte saMghAtatva hetu dvArA sAMkhyo AtmAnI siddhi kare che. jo ke prayogavAkyamAM vakSarataH parArtha:' eTaluM ja mAtra kahyuM che "vaphurata: mAtmArthA:' ema kahyuM nathI chatAM paNa ahIM "para"no artha "AtmA" ja mAnavo joIe. parano artha "svabhinna anya koIpaNa' karavAmAM Ave to sAMkhyone abhimata evo AtmA siddha nahIM thAya. kema nahIM thAya ? kAraNa ke - sAMkhyamata mujaba zarIra-IndriyAdi badhA saMghAtarUpa (saMhita) che paraMtu AtmA saMhata (saMghAtarUpa) nathI. prakRtinA badhA pariNAmo saMhatarUpa che. AtmA prakRtino pariNAma nathI tethI saMhatarUpa paNa nathI. have ukta anumAnaprayogamAM "parArthano artha "AtmArtha' na karIye ane koI paNa "paranuM grahaNa karavAmAM Ave to zuM doSa Ave te joIe. bauddho paNa cakSu Adine parArtha to mAne ja che paNa te loko AtmAne to mAnatAM nathI tethI bauddho cakSu Adine "saMghAtarUpa parane mATe (=saMhataparArtha) mAne che. tethI "parathI

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pramANapariccheda vyAptigrahaNasamayApekSayA sAdhyaM dharma eva, anyathA tadanupapatteH, AnumAnikapratipattyavasarApekSayA tu pakSAparaparyAyastadviziSTaH prasiddho dharmI / itthaM ca svArthAnumAnasya trINyaGgAni dharmI 121 nanu 'parvato vahnimAn' ityAdau sAdhyaM kiM vanyAtmako dharmaH parvatarUpo dharmI, vahniviziSTaparvato vA ? na tAvadAdyaH, vanyAtmakadharmasya vAdiprativAdibhyAmavigAnena pratItatvena sAdhyatvAyogAt, ata eva ca na parvato'pi / kiJca, sAdhyena sahAvinAbhAvo hetorapekSito'numAne / na ca parvatalakSaNadharmiNA saha jo 'AtmA' na laIe to koI saMhatapara (saMghAtarUpa 52) evo padArtha paNa sAdhya banI jaze ane pachI je para = H upabhoktA siddha thaze te zayyAdinI jema saMghAtarUpa ja siddha thaze, sAMkhyone to asaMghAtarUpa 'para'nI siddhi abhipreta hatI. sAMkhyone je artha ISTa hato tenAthI viruddha artha siddha thavAthI sAMkhyono hetu vyartha banaze. bauddho A prayogamAM ananvayAdi doSo Ape che. anvaya eTale vyApti. vyAptino abhAva eTale ananvaya. "saMghAtatvanI vyApti saMhataparArthatva sAthe che asaMhataparArthatva sAthe nathI. dRSTAMtarUpa zayyAdimAM paNa saMhataparArthatva ane saMghAtatva vacce ja vyApti che' Ama kahIne bauddho, sAMkhyonA hetumAM vyApti-abhAvarUpa doSa Ape che. taduparAMta bauddho, saMkhyonA dRSTAMtamAM (zayyAsanAdimAM) sAdhyavikalatA (asaMhataparArthatvavikalatA)no doSa paNa Ape che. vaLI, hetu dvArA cakSu AdimAM asaMhataparArthatva siddha karavuM sAMkhyone abhipreta hatuM ane saMhataparArthatva siddha thaI javAthI hetu 'viruddha' paNa kahevAze. Ama, bicArA sAMkhyono hetu vagara vAMke keTalo badho daMDAI jAya ! mATe, vAdInI IcchAnurUpa sAdhya ja hovuM joIe ane tethI ja AtmAnuM astitva siddha karavA mATe sAMkhyo cakSu Adine parArtha kahe, to tyAM 'parArtha'no artha asaMhataparArtha 'AtmArtha' ja samajAya che. pachI ukta koI doSo rahetA nathI. zaMkA. 'sAdhyanuM 'anirAkRta' vizeSaNa vAdI-prativAdI ubhayanI apekSAe jANavuM. sAdhyanuM 'abhIpsita' vizeSaNa mAtra vAdInI apekSAe ja jANavuM.' A badhuM tame je kahyuM te parArthAnumAna vakhate ja upayogI bane che. atyAre to svArthAnumAnanI vAta cAlI rahe che. temAM vacce parArthAnumAna saMbaMdhI vAto aprastuta hovAthI karavI ucita lAgatI nathI. samA. : A vAto parArthAnumAnopayogI bhale hoya paNa parArthAnumAna paNa svArthAnumAnapUrvaka hoya che ane tethI ja banne vacce adhika bheda nathI evuM jaNavavA mATe svArthAnumAnanA adhikAramAM ja parArthanumAna saMbaMdhI vAta karI che. * vyAptigrahALa ane anumitikALanI apekSAe sAdhyanuM bhinna svarUpa * 'je apratIta-anirAkRta-abhIpsita hoya te sAdhya' - evuM sAdhyanuM sAmAnyatayA svarUpa to jaNAvI dIdhuM paNa ahIM eka prazna upasthita thaze. 'parvato vahimAn dhUmA' ItyAdi sthaLe tame sAdhya kone kahezo? agnine, parvatane ke vahriviziSTaparvatane ? vahni ane parvata e banne to vAdI-prativAdI ubhayane siddha ja che, tethI have trIjo vikalpa ja rahyo. paNa vahniviziSTaparvata ane dhUma vacce to vyApti ja nathI. tethI traNamAMthI eke ya ne 'sAdhya' kahI zakAya tema nathI.

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122 jaina takabhASA sAdhyaM sAdhanaM ca / tatra sAdhanaM gamakatvenAGgam, sAdhyaM tu gamyatvena, dharmI punaH sAdhyadharmAdhAratvena, AdhAravizeSaniSThatayA sAdhyasiddheranumAnaprayojanatvAt / athavA pakSo heturityaGgadvayaM svArthAnumAne, sAdhyadharmaviziSTasya dharmiNa: pakSatvAditi dharmadharmibhedAbhedavivakSayA pakSadvayaM draSTavyam / dhUmasyAvinAbhAva iti kathaM parvatasya sAdhyatA ? ata eva ca na tRtIyo'pi, vahniviziSTaparvatenApi samaM dhUmasya vyApterabhAvAdityAzaGkAyAM vyAptigrahaNasamayApekSayA anumityavasarApekSayA ca sAdhyabhedaM lakSayannAha 'vyAptigrahaNe'tyAdi / evaM khalu vahniparvatayoH vizakalitayoH prasiddhatve'pi vahniviziSTaparvatasya prAganumiteraprasiddhatvena, yuktaM tasyAnumityapekSayA sAdhyatvamityAzayaH / na caivamapi vyAptigrahakAle'pi vahnaH pratItatayA kathaM sAdhyatvamiti vAcyaM, vahnitvena prasiddhatve'pi vyAptinirupakatayA tadaprasiddheH / atha yatra vyApteH prAggRhItatvena smaraNamAtraM kriyate tatra vyAptinirUpakatvenApi tatprasiddhiriti cet, tAdRgdazAyAM apratItatvaM sAdhyatve nAGgam |at eva 'vyAptigrahaNasamayApekSayA' ityuktaM na tu 'tatsmaraNApekSayA' ityapi na vismartavyamiti dik / tatreti - dharmisAdhyasAdhanAnAM madhya ityarthaH / ante uddiSTasyApi sAdhanasya prathamamaGgatvopapAdanamanumitihetutvena tatra tasya prAdhAnyakhyApanArtham / AvI zaMkAnuM samAdhAna ApavA mATe granthakAra "vyAtigrahaNakALanI apekSAe ane anumAna samayanI apekSAe sAdhyanuM svarUpa juduM juduM che" ItyAdi jaNAve che. je samaye vyAtinuM grahaNa thatuM hoya te kALe dharma (vahni) e ja sAdhya hoya che, anyathA vyAptinI ja upapatti nahIM thaI zake. kAraNa ke sAmAnyathI dhUmane vali (dharma) sAthe ja vyApti che. parvata sAthe ke vahniviziSTaparvata sAthe vyApti nathI. je vakhate anumAna dvArA pratIti thAya te kALanI apekSAe sAdhyarUpadharmathI viziSTa ane prasiddha evo dharmI, ke jene "pakSa' kahevAya che, te ja sAdhya hoya che. kAraNa ke parvata ane vati banne pRthapha pRthapha to pahelethI siddha ja hatA. vahniviziSTaparvata ja asiddha hato, tethI anumitikALanI apekSAe tene ja sAdhya kahevuM yogya che. A rIte svArthAnumAnanA traNa aMgo che - hetu e sAdhyanA gamaka tarIke aMge bane che, sAdhya e hetu dvArA gamya banavA dvArA aMga bane che ane dharmI (pakSa) paNa sAdhyadharmanA AdhArarUpe aMga bane che, kAraNa ke koI vizeSa AdhAramAM rahela dharmarUpe sAdhyanI siddhi karavI e ja to anumAnanuM prayojana che. (sAdhyadharma ane pakSarUpadharmI banne vaccenI bhedavivakSAthI A traNa aMgo batAvyA. e be vacce abhedavivakSA karAya to be ja aMga che ema paNa kahI zakAya che te jaNAve che-) athavA, svArthanumAnamAM pakSa ane hetu A be ja aMgo che, kAraNa ke sAdhyadharmaviziSTa dharmI ene ja to pakSa kahevAya che. tethI dharma-dharmI (sAdhya-pakSo vacce bhedanI vivakSAthI svArthanumAnanA traNa aMgo che ane te be vaccenA abhedanI vivakSAthI be aMgo che. Ama, vivakSAbhedathI A be pakSa jANavA.

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pramANapariccheda 123 dharmiNaH prasiddhizca kvacitpramANAt kvacidvikalpAt kvacitpramANavikalpAbhyAm / tatra nizcitaprAmANyakapratyakSAdyanyatamAvadhRtatvaM pramANaprasiddhatvam / anizcitaprAmANyAprAmANyapratyayagocaratvaM vikalpaprasiddhatvam / tadvayaviSayatvaM pramANavikalpaprasiddhatvam / tatra pramANasiddho dharmI yathA dhUmavattvAdagnimattve sAdhye parvataH, sa khalu pratyakSeNAnubhUyate / vikalpasiddho dharmI yathA sarvajJo'sti sunizcitAsambhavabAdhakapramANatvAdityastitve sAdhye sarvajJaH, athavA kharaviSANaM nAstIti nAstitve sAdhye kharaviSANam / atra hi sarvajJakharaviSANe astitvanAstitvasiddhibhyAM prAga vikalpasiddhe / ubhayasiddho dharmI yathA zabdaH pariNAmI kRtakatvAdityatra zabdaH, sa hi vartamAnaH pratyakSagamyaH, bhUto bhaviSyaMzca vikalpagamyA, sa sarvo'pi dharmIti pramANavikalpasiddho dharmI / pramANobhayasiddhayodharmiNoH sAdhye kAmacAraH / vikalpasiddhe tu dharmiNi sattAsattayoreva sAdhyatvamiti niyamaH / taduktam - "vikalpasiddhe tasmin sattetare sAdhye" ja dharmInI prasiddhi pramANa, vilpa, ke tamayathI thAya ja sAdhyanuM nirUpaNa karyA pachI have pakSa (dharmI)nI vAta kare che, pakSanI prasiddhi traNa rIte thaI zake che. kyAreka pratyakSAdi pramANathI, kyAreka vikalpathI, to kyAreka pramANa-vikalpa ubhayathI dharmInI prasiddhi thaI zake che. jenuM prAmANya nizcita thayuM hoya evA pratyakSAdi pramANomAMthI koI paNa pramANa dvArA je dharmI prasiddha thAya tene pramANasiddha dharma kahevAya. jenA prAmANyano ke aprAmANyano nizcaya thayelo na hoya tevA jJAnathI je dharmI prasiddha thAya tene vikalpasiddha dharmI kahevAya. pramANa ane vikalpa banneno je viSaya bane te dharmI ubhayasiddha kahevAya. kramazaH traNenA udAharaNo joIe. (1) pramANasiddha dharmI - parvato vadvimAn dhUmAta' sthaLe parvata rUpa dharma pratyakSathI jaNAto hovAthI te pratyakSapramANasiddha dharmI che. (2) vikalpasiddhadharmI - "sarvajJa che, kAraNa ke badhA ja prakAranA bAdhakapramANono asaMbhava che evo nizcaya thayelo che." (arthAt, sarvajJAstitvanA bAdhaka koI pramANo nathI evo nizcaya sArI rIte thayelo che.) sarvajJanA astitvanI siddhi karavA mATe jyAre Avo anumAnaprayoga karAya tyAre sarvajJa "pakSa" bane che. pakSa to vAdI-prativAdI ubhayane prasiddha hovo joIe. vAdIne sarvajJa kadAca AgamapramANathI siddha hoya paNa te Agamone apramANa mAnanArA prativAdine pakSanI prasiddhi vikalpathI thAya che. (arthAtu, vAdI je "sarvajJa jevuM koIka tattva mAne che, te ahIM pakSa che) Avo vikalpa (vicAra) buddhimAM pedA thatA, vAdiprasiddha evo pakSa (sarvajJa) prativAdIne paNa buddhimAM prasiddha thaI jAya che. (jo Ama na mAno to vAdIe sarvajJaH asti... ItyAdi ApelA anumAnanI sAme pote sarvajJane ja pakSa banAvIne sarvajJo nAsti... ItyAdi pratianumAna zI rIte ApI zake ? kAraNa ke pakSanI prasiddhi vagara to prativAdI, temAM nAstitvanI siddhi karI zake nahIM.) Aja rIte "kharaviSANa nathI.....' evA sthAnamAM "kharaviSANa' jevI asat vastune pakSa banAvAya che. je dharmI ja asat hoya te dharmI pramANasiddha zI rIte hoI

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124 (rI 3.23) kRti / atra bauddhaH sattAmAtrasyAnabhIpsitatvAdviziSTasattAsAdhane vAnanvayAdvikalpasiddhe dharmiNi na sattA sAdhyetyAha; tadasat; itthaM sati prakRtAnumAnasyApi bhaGgaprasaGgAt, vahnimAtrasyAnabhIpsitatvAdviziSTavanezcAnanvayAditi / atha tatra sattAyAM sAdhyAyAM taddhetuH bhAvadharmaH, mAvAbhaavdhrmH, abhAvadharmo vA syAt ? Adyo'siddhi:, asiddhasattAke bhAvadharmAsiddheH / dvitIye vyabhicAraH, astitvAbhAvavatyapi vRtteH / tRtIye ca virodho'bhAvadharmasya bhAve kvcidpysmbhvAt, ta'ham jaina tarkabhASA "nAsiddhe bhAvadharmo'sti vyabhicAryubhayAzrayaH / dharmo viruddho'bhAvasya sA sattA sAdhyate katham ? / / " ( pramANavA 01.192) zake ? tethI AvA dharma vikalpasiddha ja hoya che. ahIM paNa astitva-nAstitvanI siddhi thatA pUrve sarvajJa ane kharaviSANa, vikalpathI ja prasiddha thayelA hoya che. (3) ubhayasiddha dharma - zabda pariNAmI che, kAraNa ke te kRtaka che'' ahIM traNe kALanA tamAma zabdone pakSa banAvAyA che. emAMthI vartamAnakAlIna zabda to vAdI-prativAdI bannene pratyakSapramANathI siddha che ane bhUta-bhaviSyakAlIna zabdo to vidyamAna na hovAthI bannene vikalpasiddha ja che evuM mAnavuM paDe. tethI AvA prayogamAM dharmI pramANa-vikalpa ubhayathI prasiddha che. je dharmI pramANasiddha ke ubhayasiddha hoya tevA dharmImAM vAdI game te abhipreta dharmarUpa sAdhyanI siddhi karI zake che. paraMtu, jyAM dharmI vikalpasiddha hoya tyAM astitva ke nAstitva (sattA-asattA) A bemAMthI ja ekanI siddhi thaI zake che. kahyuM paNa che ke - vikalpasiddha dharmImAM sattA-asattA ja sAdhya che. (tAtparya e che ke vikalpasiddhadharmImAM sauprathama to te vastunI sattA ja siddha karavI paDe. jyAM sudhI vastunI sattA ja pratiSThita thaI na hoya tyAM sudhI temAM anya koI (pariNAmitva-nityatvAdi...) dharmonI siddhi thaI na zake.) ane je vikalpasiddhadharmImAM nAstitvanI siddhi thAya temAM to pachI bIjA koI dharmo siddha karavAnA rahetA ja nathI. * viklpasiddhadharmI vize bauddhamatanuM khaMDana (sarvajJane mAnanArA jaina ke naiyAyika jyAre sarvajJanI siddhi karavA mATe anumAnano prayoga kare "sarvajJa tti sunizvitAsanmavAdhapramALAt." ahIM 'sarvajJa'rUpa pakSa (=dharmI) vikalpasiddha che ane temAM 'astitva' = 'sattA' sAdhya che. bauddhane A sammata nathI. tenuM kahevuM kaMIka AvuM che.) bauddha H vikalpasiddha dharmImAM 'sattA' sAdhya na banI zake kAraNa ke mAtra sAmAnya 'astitva' e ja ahIM sAdhya nathI kAraNa ke te to badhA mAne ja che tethI sAmAnya 'astitva'ne siddha karavA pAchaLa koI prayojana ja nathI. paraMtu ahIM to sarvajJanuM astitva siddha karavuM abhipreta che tethI 'sarvajJavRttitvaviziSTasattA' ja ahIM sAdhya che. have AvI viziSTa sattA sAthe hetunI vyApti ja maLatI nathI. "yatra yaMtra sunizvitAsambhavavuM

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pramANapariccheda iti cet; na; itthaM vahnimaddharmatvAdivikalpairdhUmena vahnayanumAnasyApyucchedApatteH / vikalpasyApramANatvAdvikalpasiddho dharmI nAstyeveti naiyAyikaH / tasyetthaMvacanasyaivAnupapattestUSNImbhAvApattiH, vikalpasiddhadharmiNo'prasiddhau tatpratiSedhAnupapatteriti / tatpratiSedhAnupapatteri 'ti nanu vastutaH asannapi vikalpenaiva siddho dharmI yadyabhyupagamyate tarhi tatsthalIyahetoH AzrayAsiddhiH kathaM na syAt iti cet, ucyate, vandhyAsuto bhavati na veti prastAve vAndhyeyo vaktA na bhavati avastutvAdityabhidhIyate, tadatropAttadharmyapekSayA'vastutvAditihetoH kathaM nAzrayAsiddhatA / na ca ko'pIdRkchaGkAM na karotIti vaktuM zakyamiti vastunIvAvastunyapi kasyaciddharmasya vidhiniSedhavyavahAro vAdhapramALatva taMtra tatra sarvajJavRttiviziSTattattA' AvI vyAptine grahaNa karavAnuM anya koI sthaLa ja nathI. Ama sAmAnya sattAnI siddhi abhimata nathI ane viziSTa sattAnI vyApti maLatI nathI mATe vikalpasiddha dharmImAM sattA e sAdhya banI na zake. jaina : A rIte to prasiddha anumAnano paNa bhaMga thaI jaze. 'parvato vahimAn dhUmA' A prasiddha sthaLe mAtra vahni sAmAnyanI siddhi karavI e abhimata nathI. kAraNa ke te to badhAne siddha ja che. ahIM to parvatavRttiviziSTavahni ja sAdhya che paNa tevA viziSTavahninI dhUma sAthe vyApti nathI. jyAM jyAM dhUma tyAM tyAM parvatavRttitvaviziSTavahni che.' AvI vyApti nathI. Ama vahni sAmAnyanI siddhi abhimata nathI ane viziSTavati sAthe dhUmanI vyApti nathI mATe A suprasiddha anumAna paNa ananvayadoSanA kAraNe tuTI paDaze. hakIkata to evI che ke dhUma-vartinI vyAptinuM jJAna hoya ane parvata para dhUmanuM jJAna thAya eTale parvatavRttitvaviziSTa vahninI siddhi thaI jAya che. A ja rIte prastutamAM sunizcitAsaMbhavAdhakapramANatva rUpa hetu ane sattArUpa sAdhya vacce vyAptinuM jJAna hoya ane pachI vikalpasiddha dharmImAM AmAM bAdhaka pramANo asaMbhavita che evA nizcaya'rUpa hetunuM jJAna thAya eTale pachI te vikalpasiddha (sarvajJa) dharmImAM viziSTasattAnI siddhi thaI jAya che. - 125 bauddha : vAta vikalpasiddha dharmInI cAle che ane tame dRSTAMta pramANasiddha dharmInuM ApyuM che. parvata rUpa dharmI to vAdI-prativAdI ubhayane siddha ja che mATe temAM viziSTavati siddha thaI zake. paraMtu sarvajJane to prativAdI svIkArato nathI tethI temAM viziSTa sattA siddha thaI zake nahIM. jaina : parvata pratyakSa siddha che tema sarvajJa paNa vikalpathI ubhayane siddha thaI zake che. jo vikalpathI dharmInI prasiddhi na thAya evuM tame mAnazo to tamArA ja paga para kuhADAno ghA thaze. sAMkhya sarvasaMsAranA mULakAraNa tarIke 'prakRti'ne mAne che. tame (bauddha) e prakRtine AkAzapuSpavat sarvathA asat kaho cho. tyAM tamane 'prakRti'rUpa dharmI pramANathI to siddha ja nathI (anyathA teno niSedha karavo ja asaMgata banI jAya.) sarvathA apratIta-asiddha dharmI prakRtimAM jo tame asattvanI siddhi karavAnuM sAhasa karazo to tamAro hetu asiddha banI jaze mATe game te rIte tamAre te dharmI = prakRtine siddha to mAnavI ja paDaze. tyAM tame prakRtirUpa dharmIne 'vikalpasiddha' mAnIne ja temAM asattvanI siddhi karo cho. vikalpasiddha dharmImAM 'asattva' jo sAdhya banI zake to pachI 'sattva' sAdhya kema na banI zake ? arthAt, banI ja zake. eTale

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126 jaina tarkabhASA idaM tvavadheyam-vikalpasiddhasya dharmiNo nAkhaNDasyaiva bhAnamasatkhyAtiprasaGgAditi, zabdAdeviziSTasya tasya bhAnAbhyupagame vizeSaNasya saMzaye'bhAvanizcaye vA vaiziSTyabhAnAnupapatteH / vizeSaNAdyaze AhAryAroparUpA vikalpAtmikaivAnumitiH svIkartavyA, dezakAlasattAlakSaNadurvAraH, anyathA vikalpasiddho dharmI nAsti avastutvAditi bhavadvacanenaiva bhavato vyAghAta syAditi maunameva sthAtavyam / nanu 'vikalpasiddho dharmI nAsti' ityAdivacanasya upapattyasambhavapratipAdanena vikalpasiddhadharmyanaGgIkAravato naiyAyikAn prati yanmaunApattirUpaM dUSaNaM dattaM tajjainamate'pi samAnaM, tatrApi hi 'asato matthi Niseho? iti bhASyAnurodhena asatkhyAtyanabhyupagamAt / na ca 'kharaviSANaM nAstI'tyAdau 'viSANe kharIyatvaM nAsti' ityabhiprAyeNa kharIyatvaviziSTaviSANapratiyogikAbhAvaH iti zAbdajJAnaM syAditi vAcyam, yato'tra abhAvarUpe vizeSye pratiyogitAsambandhena kharIyatvaviziSTaviSANaM vizeSaNaM, tacca asadeveti vaiziSTyabhAnAnupapattiH syAt, viziSTavaiziSTyAvagAhibodhe vizeSaNatAvacchedakaprakArakanizcayasya kAraNatvAt / tathA ca 'kharaviSANaM nAsti' ityAdi vacanavyavahAro jainamate'pi na sambhavatItyAzaGkA nirAkartuM tAdRzasthale zAbdabodhopapattaye'numityupapattaye ca granthakAraH svAbhipretAM prakriyAmAdarzayannAha 'idaM tvavadheyamiti 'zabdAdeH' - zabdAt, 'Adi'padena vyAptijJAnAdeH parigrahAt vyAptijJAnAdessakAzAdityarthaH / / ame je parvatanuM udAharaNa ApIe chIe te siddhadharmInuM udAharaNa samajavuM. pachI te pramANathI siddha che ke vikalpathI siddha che ? evI jhINI paMcAtamAM paDavAmAM tamane ja jokhama Avaze. - bauddha : bIjI badhI vAta javA do. vikalpasiddha dharmImAM "sattA'nI siddhi karavA mATe tame je hetu Apo cho te hetu bhAvapadArthano dharma che ? bhAvAbhAvAtmakapadArthano dharma che ? ke abhAvapadArthano dharma che? Ama traNa vikalpo che. prathamavikalpa mAno to hetu asiddha banI jaze kAraNa ke dharmAnI sattA ja hajI siddha nathI eTale ke "dharmI e bhAvAtmaka padArtha che e ja hajI nizcita nathI to pachI hetu teno dharma che (bhAvadharma che) evuM zI rIte kahI zakAya ? mATe hetuno Azraya (dharmI) asiddha rahevAthI hetu asiddha (svarUpAsiddha) banaze. (hetuno Azraya siddha che evuM mAno to tenI sattA siddha karavA mATe apAyelo hetu vyartha banI jaze.) sunizcita bAdhakAbhAvarUpa hetu jo bhAva ane abhAva banneno dharma hoya to hetu vyabhicArI banI jaze. je hetu sapakSa (nizcitasAdhyavAna)mAM ane vipakSamAM (nizcitasANAbhAvavAmAM) bannemAM raheto hoya te hetu vyabhicArI hovAthI niyatarUpe sAdhyane siddha karI na zake. prastutamAM astitvAbhAvavAnuM evA abhAva padArthamAM paNa vRtti hovAthI hetu vyabhicArI banaze. hetu jo abhAvano dharma hoya to viruddha hetvAbhAsa) banI jaze. kAraNa ke tamAre A hetuthI astitva siddha karavuM abhimata che ane hetu jo abhAvano dharma hoya to tenA dvArA nAstitva siddha thaI jaze 9, sarato nAsti niSedha |

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pramANapariccheda 127 syAstitvasya, sakaladezakAlasattA'bhAvalakSaNasya ca nAstitvasya sAdhanena paraparikalpitaviparItAropavyavacchedamAtrasya phalatvAt / / ___'vikalpAtmikaiva'-anumiteH zabdajJAnAnupAtitvAniyamena zabdajJAnAnupAtivikalparUpatvAbhAve'pi vastuzUnyavikalpasadRzatayA vikalpAtmiketyuktam / tathA ca vikalpAkAravRttisadRzItyarthaH / mATe abhipreta evA bhAvAtmaka sAdhya karatA viparIta evA abhAvAtmaka sAdhyanI siddhi karato hovAthI A hetu viruddha banaze. pramANavArtikamAM kahyuM paNa che ke - (1) jo hetu bhAvapadArthano dharma hoya to te asiddha dharmImAM rahI na zake (kAraNa ke jo dharmI ja haju asiddha hoya to pachI hetu e bhAvapadArthano dharma che evuM zI rIte kahI zakAya ?) (2) jo hetu bhAva ane abhAva bannemAM raheto hoya (eTale ke je hetu ubhayAzraya hoya, to te hetu vyabhicArI thaI jAya che. kAraNa ke sattvAbhAvavamAM paNa te hetu rahelo kahevAze. tethI te bhAvatvane vyabhicArI banavAno. (3) jo hetu abhAvano dharma hoya te te viruddha banI jaze (kAraNa ke je hetuthI astitvadharma siddha karavAno hato te hetu svayaM abhAvano dharma hovAthI nAstitvadharmane ja siddha karI deze je abhipreta karatA virodhI thaze.) Ama, vikalpasiddhadharmInI sattA kaI rIte siddha thaI zake ? - jaina : tamArA (bauddhanuM) kathana barAbara nathI kAraNa ke A rIte to "parvato vaddhimAnuM dhUmAt' A prasiddha anumAnano paNa uccheda thaI javAnI Apatti Avaze. kAraNa ke te sthaLe paNa uparokta rIte traNa vikalpo karI zakAze ke (1) "dhUma e vadvimAno dharma che, (2) vatimAnuM-avatimAnuM ubhayano dharma che ke, (3) mAtra avadvimAno dharma che. dhUma vatimAno dharma che evo prathama pakSa barAbara nathI. kAraNa ke prastuta anumiti thatA pUrve parvata vahnimAnuM che evo nirNaya thayo nathI. (anyathA, prastuta anumiti karavI ja niSphaLa banI jaze.) tAtparya e che ke, dhUma e parvatanA dharma tarIke pratyakSasiddha hovA chatAM paNa parvata vatimAnarUpe siddha na hovAthI dhUma paNa vahiMmadranA dharma tarIke prasiddha nathI ane tethI asiddhi doSa Ave. (pakSamAM hetunA abhAvane jema asiddhi kahevAya che tema pakSamAM hetunA saMzayane paNa asiddhi kahevAya che.) tethI prathama vikalpa barAbara nathI. bIjo vikalpa paNa barAbara nathI kAraNa ke e rIte to hetu vyabhicArI banI jaze. kAraNa ke bIjA vikalpa pramANe to jyAM vahiM nathI tyAM paNa dhUma rahyo che tethI tene vanyabhAvavavRtti mAnavo paDaze. A rIte te vyabhicArI sAbita thaze. trIjo hetu svIkAro to hetu viruddha thaze. kAraNa ke vaddhinI siddhi mATe hetu apAyelo che ane A hetu to vahunyabhAvanI siddhi karI deze. (kAraNa ke trIjA vikalpa anusAra dhUmane to avadvimAnano dharma mAnyo che tethI jyAM vahnino abhAva hoya tyAM ja A dhUma hetu rahevAno.) A rIte prasiddha anumAnono paNa uccheda thaI javAnI Apatti Avaze. A ApattinA vAraNa mATe tame je yuktio Apazo te badhI sarvajJasattAsAdhaka anumiti sthaLe paNa upayogI banaze. AthI dharmI vikalpasiddha hoya tyAre sattA ke asattA sAdhya hoya che e vAta siddha thAya che. 4 vi5siddha dharma vize naiyAyiktatanuM khaMDana * niyAyika : vikalpa pote pramANarUpa nathI tethI vikalpathI dharmInI siddhi thaI zake nahIM. (kAraNa ke

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128 jaina tarkabhASA vastutastu khaNDaza: prasiddhapadArthA'stitvanAstitvasAdhanamevocitam / ata eva "asato Natthi Niseho" (vizeSAgA0 1574) ityAdi bhASyagranthe kharaviSANaM nAstItyatra 'khare ____ ayaM bhAvA-vikalpasiddhadharmisthalIye zAbdabodhe anumitau vA vikalpasiddhasya dharmiNo bhAne traya eva pakSAH sambhavanti, tathAhi-tasya akhaNDasyaiva vA bhAnaM, viziSTarUpatayA vA, khaNDazaH prasiddhatayA vA / tatra svasiddhAntavirodhitayA prathamapakSo nAGgIkartuM zakyate / jainasiddhAnte hi sarvatrApi jJAne sata eva bhAnAbhyupagamena asato bhAnasya sarvathA anabhimatatvAt / vikalpasiddhadharmiNaH pramANAsiddhatvena akhaNDasyAsattvAta, akhaNDatabhAnAbhyupagame asabhAnasyAvarjanIyatvameva / dvitIyapakSastu kthnycidbhyupgmaarhH| yatra sthale 'kharaviSANaM nAsti' ityAdau 'viSANaM kharIyaM na vA' ityAdirna saMzayaH, na vA 'viSANaM kharIyaM na' iti bAdhanizcayastatra abhAvAMze kharIyatvavizeSaNaviziSTasya viSANasya bhAne bAdhakAbhAvAt / yatra ca pramANa dvArA ja prameyanI siddhi thaI zake.) tethI vikalpasiddha dharmI ja nathI. jaina : tame je zAkhA upara beThA cho tene ja chedI rahyA cho. jo vikalpasiddha dharmI hoya ja nahIM to tame teno niSedha paNa zI rIte karI zako. arthAt, vihatvasiddho gharmI nAti pramA.siddhatvAtu' AvA vacanaprayogamAM tame vikalpasiddha dharmIne pakSa banAvyo che. to A pakSa tamane kayA pramANathI prasiddha che? jo prasiddha hoya to pachI temAM nAstitvanI siddhi karavI viruddha banI jAya ane jo aprasiddha hoya to pachI tene dharmI (pakSa) banAvyo zI rIte ? mATe vikalpasiddha dharmI nathI" evuM tamAruM vacana ja tAdaza dharmInuM astitva siddha karI ApatuM hovAthI tamAre mauna rahevuM ja sAruM che (anyathA tamAre vadato vyAghAta thaze.) vi5siddhadharmI vize vizeSavimarza ka naiyAyikone je rIte jaino maunApattirUpa doSa Ape che te doSa yadyapi jainamatamAM paNa ApI zakAya che. kAraNa ke 'sato sthi da = asat padArthano niSedha thaI zakato nathI' ityAdi vizeSAvazyakabhASya grantha pramANe jainadarzane paNa asakhyAti (asatnI vidhAna ke niSedharUpe khyAti-kathana) svIkArI nathI. chatA paNa A aMge jaina mAnyatAnusAre je samAdhAna che te granthakAra svayaM rUTuM vaiva dheya... ItyAdi grantha dvArA jaNAve che. dharmI vikalpa siddha hoya tevA sthaLe zAbdabodha ke anumitimAM dharmAnuM jJAna thavAmAM traNa vikalpo saMbhavI zake. (1) te vikalpasiddhadharmInuM akhaMDa eka padArtharUpe jJAna thAya. (2) vizeSaNa-vizeSyabhAvapUrvaka viziSTarUpe dharmAnuM jJAna thAya. athavA (3) dharmonuM khaMDazaH prasiddha padArtharUpe jJAna thAya. have AmAMthI kayo vikalpa svIkAravo ucita che te joIe. zazazRMga nAsti' evA vAkyathI thatAM jJAnamAM prathama vikalpa pramANe akhaMDa zazazRMganuM jJAna thAya che evuM mAnavuM paDe. "ghaTo nAsti' evA vAkyathI jema ghaTAbhAvanuM jJAna thAya che ane temAM ghaTa pratiyogirUpe tathA abhAva e vizeSyarUpe jaNAya che te ja rIte "zazazRMga nAsti" evA vAkyathI zazazRMgAbhAvanuM jJAna

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pramANapariccheda 129 sthale tAdRzo vizeSaNasaMzayastAdRzo vizeSaNabAdhanizcayo vA tatra yadyapi viziSTabhAnAsambhavastathApi 'viSANe kharIyatvajJAnaM jAyatAm' itIcchAjanyaM bAdhanizcayakAlInamAhAryajJAnaM sambhavatyeva / tathA ca 'kharaviSANaM nAsti' ityAdizAbdabodhe 'etat sthAnaM kharaviSANAbhAvavat' ityAdyanumitau vA abhAvAMze pratiyogitayA bhAsamAne viSANAMze kharIyatvavizeSaNasya AhAryabhAnopapattyA prativAdiparikalpitaviparItAropanirAkaraNAya tAdRzasya zabdasya tAdRzyA vA anumiteH susambhavatvameva / itthaM ca dvitIyapakSasya upapAdyatve'pi tatrAnumiterAhAryAtmakatvaM svIkartavyaM, taccaikadezIyAbhimatameva kalpanIyamiti tatpakSaparityAgena sarvathA nirdoSastRtIyapakSa evAzrayitumucita iti matvA granthakAreNa 'vastutaH' ityAdinA ante khaNDazaH prasiddhapadArthabhAnagocarastRtIyapakSa eva smaashritH| tathA ca 'kharaviSANaM nAsti' ityAdAvabhAvAMze nAkhaNDasyAsataH kharaviSANasya bhAnam, na vA kharIyatvavaiziSTyasyAhAryabhAnaM, kintu prasiddha eva viSANAMze prasiddhasyaiva kharIyatvasyAbhAvo bhAsate / kharapadena lakSaNayopasthApita kharIyapadArthaH, sa ca kharakarNAdau prasiddhaH, viSANaM ca gavAdau prasiddhamataH khaNDazaH prasiddhayorubhayorabhedasambandhenAnvayo bhavet, kharIyAbhinnaM viSANaM nAstIti, kharIyaviSANapratiyogikAbhAva iti bhAvaH / tathA 'ekAntanityaM arthakriyAsamarthaM na bhavati kramayogapadyAbhAvAdi'tyatrApi jainamate ekAntanityasya vastunaH sarvathA'sambhavena pakSasya khaNDazaH prasiddhyupapAdanena vikalpasiddhatvaM sAdhayati 'ekAntanityami' tyaadinaa| kramayogapadyAbhAvAditi kramayogapadyanirUpakatvAbhAvAdityarthaH / ekAntanityatvaM ca anityatvAsamAnAdhikaraNanityatvaM, taccAkhaNDamasadapi.. anityatvasamAnAdhikaraNanityatvaM prasiddhameva | tAdRzanityatvena anityatvasAmAnAdhikaraNyAvacchedena kramayogapadyanirUpakatvamastyeva, tadabhAvAvacchedena ca tannAsti iti prasiddhanityatve kramayogapadyanirUpakatvAbhAvaH prasiddhyati / itthaM ca noktasthale'pi pakSAprasiddhiriti / thAya che ane temAM zazazRMga pratiyogirUpe tathA abhAva e vizeSyarUpe jaNAya che evuM mAnavuM paDe. arthAt, pratiyogitAsaMbaMdhathI. shshshRN||5||24-2mbhaavvishessy mo5 vAyI mAnavo 53. ('zabdAdeH' bhAM Adi padathI anumitinuM grahaNa thaze. anumitimAM A prathama vikalpa pramANe akhaMDa zazazRMga vizeSya thaze ane nAstitva prakAra thaze. eTale "nAstitvavALuM zazazRMga" AvI anumiti thaze.) TUMkamAM, prathamavikalpa pramANe vikalpasiddhadharmInuM prastutamAM-zazazRMganuM) akhaMDa bhAna mAnavuM paDe. paraMtu jainadarzanane te saMmata nathI kAraNa ke pramANathI hajI asiddha hoya tevA vikalpasiddha dharmInuM akhaMDa bhAna mAnavuM eTale asakhyAtino svIkAra thAya. jainadarzana asakhyAti svIkAratuM nathI mATe A prathama pakSa to barAbara nathI. 'asato Natthi Niseho' 4 che te asatadhyAtina niSedha527 cha sebha j. bIjo pakSa vizeSaNayukta vizeSyarUpa viziSTa padArthane dharmArUpe jaNAve che. jema "rAjapuruSa' sthaLe '2 / 4' 5hanI 24saMbaMdhI mAM lakSa rAya cha bhane pachI teno 'puruSa' 56 sAthe amehAnvaya (rAjasaMbaMdhyabhinnaH puruSaH) 42||y cha tema prastutamA 42j 53. maDI shRN| me vizeSya cha bhane temAM zazIyatva (zazasaMjapitya) e vizeSaNa che. ahIM "zaza' padanI "zazasaMbaMdhImAM lakSaNA karIne pachI amedAnvaya karavAno. zazasaMbaMdhyabhinna zRMgaH evo bodha thAya. tethI "zazazRMga nAsti' e vAkyathI "zazIyatvaviziSTa zRMga nathI' evo artha pratIta

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jaina tarkabhASA viSANaM nAstItyevArtha upapAditaH / ekAntanityamarthakriyAsamarthaM na bhavati kramayogapadyAbhAvAdityatrApi vizeSAvamarzadazAyAM kramayaugapadyanirUpakatvAbhAvenArthakriyAniyAmakatvAbhAvo 130 'vizeSAvamarzadazAyAm' sAdhyavyApyatvena gRhIto hetuH - arthakriyAsAmArthyAbhAvarUpasAdhyavyApyIbhUtakramayaugapadyAbhAvarUpavizeSadharmanirNayarUpaparAmarzadazAyAmityarthaH / yadyapi vizeSAvamarzo vizeSadarzanaM tacca nyAya 'sAdhyavyApyahetumAn pakSaH' iti parAmarzAtmakaM jJAnaM tathApi jainasiddhAnte parAmarzasyAnumitikAraNatvAnaGgIkAreNAkAraNasya tasya sattvAbhidhAnaM na prakRtopayogItyukta evArtha AdaraNIyaH / 'nityatvAdau' - kUTasthanityatvasya jainamate'prasiddhatve'pi anityatvasamAnAdhikaraNanityatvarUpasya kathaJcinnityatvasya prasiddhatayA tAdRze nityatve anityatvasAmAnAdhikaraNyAbhAvA'vacchedena ukto'bhAvaH sukhena thaze. ahIM zazIyatva zRMgamAM prakA2rUpe bhAse che ane zRMga pratiyogitAsaMbaMdhathI abhAvamAM prakArarUpe bhAse che. (anumitimAM zazIyatvaviziSTazRMgamAM nAstitva prakArarUpe bhAse) AvuM bIjA vikalpa pramANe mAnavuM paDe. ahIM bIjA vikalpamAM eka vAta nakkI che ke vikalpasiddha dharmI akhaMDarUpe to nathI ja jaNAto kintu sakhaMDa (vizeSaNayukta viziSTa) rUpe jaNAya che. emAM zazasaMbaMdhitva nAmanuM vizeSaNa zRMgAtmaka vizeSyamAM bhAse. ahIM vizeSyAMza to prasiddha ja che. have jo teno vizeSaNAMza paNa prasiddha ja hoya to pachI tene vikalpasiddha mAnavAnI jarUra ja na rahe. AthI vizeSaNano vizeSyamAM kAM to saMzaya ane kAM to viparyAsa (=abhAva) mAnavo paDe ane AvuM mAno eTale pachI viziSTanuM bhAna to nahIM ja thAya kAraNa ke viziSTavaiziSTayAvagAhi jJAna thavAmAM vizeSaNatAvacchedakaprakA2kanizcaya e kAraNa bane che. abhAva vizeSya che, temAM vizeSaNa che zRMga, zRMgamAM vizeSaNatA che ane zRMganiSTha zazIyatva e vizeSaNatAvacchedakadharma che. tethI zazIyatvaprakAraka saMzaya ke viparyaya (= abhAvanizcaya) jo thaI jAya to zazIyatvaprakArakanizcaya thaI zakaze nahIM to pachI dharmInI prasiddhi zI rIte zakya bane ? AnuM samAdhAna granthakAra 'vizeSaNAdaMze AhAryAroparupA'... ItyAdi granthathI kare che ke AhAryajJAnarUpa vikalpAtmaka anumiti mAnavAthI uktapraznanuM nirAkaraNa thaI jAya che. (bAnizcaya hovA chatA IcchAjanya je jJAna thAya tene AhAryajJAna kahevAya che.) zaMkA. : bhale kadAca AvI vikalpAtmaka anumiti (AhArya anumiti) thaI zakatI hoya to paNa AvI vikalpAtmaka anumitithI koI vizeSadharmanI siddhi thaI na zake. koIpaNa vastunI ke dharmanI siddhi prAmANika jJAnathI ja thAya. samA. : AvI AhArya anumiti dvArA vastunI sattA ke asattA bemAMthI ekane ja siddha karavAnuM prayojana ke hoya che. (astitva-nAstitvanI vyAkhyA granthakAra jaNAve che-) vivakSita deza- kALamAM vastunI sattA e astitva che ane sakaladeza-kALamAM vastunI asattAne nAstitva kahyuM che. AvI anumiti dvArA astitva ke nAstitvanI siddhi karIne anya vyaktie te vastu aMge mAnI lIdhelA viparIta Aropane dUra karavo e ja mAtra AvI anumitinuM phaLa che. jema ke - bauddha sarvajJane mAnato nathI. nAstitva e teno viparIta Aropa thayo. ukta prakAranI anumiti dvArA sarvajJamAM astitvanI siddhi karavA dvArA bauddhanA ukta viparIta Aropano vyavaccheda karAya che. A ja rIte vastunA ja paryAyabhUta evA sAmAnya ane vizeSane naiyAyika

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pramANapariccheda 131 nityatvAdau susAdha iti samyagnibhAlanIyaM svaparasamayadattadRSTibhiH / sAdhayituM zakya ityarthaH / vaizeSika svataMtra mAne che. tethI te padArthanuM astitva e temano viparIta Aropa thayo. ukta prakAranI anumiti dvArA svataMtra sAmAnya-vizeSa padArthamAM nAstitvanI siddhi karavA dvArA taiyAyika vaizeSikAdinA ukta viparIta Aropano vyavaccheda karAya che. A pramANe vizeSaNathI viziSTa vikalpasiddha dharmInI siddhi thaI zake che. ukta prakAranI vikalpAtmaka anumiti dvArA bhale ne tevA dharmomAM koI vizeSadharmanI siddhi na thaI zake ! kAraNa ke vikalpasiddha dharmImAM to astitva ke nAstitvanI siddhi ja thaI zake che ane eTaluM ja siddha karavuM abhipreta hoya che tethI koI vAMdho nathI. & vi5siddha dharmInI prasiddhi khaMDazaH ja thAya * vikalpasiddha dharmInI prasiddhi aMgenA pUrvokta traNa vikalpomAMthI vAstavamAM to trIjo vikalpa ja ucita che, eTale ke vikalpasiddha dharmI khaMDazaH prasiddha padArtharUpa banaze ane temAM astitva ke nAstitvanI siddhi karavI ja ucita che. A ja kAraNathI "asatno niSedha thato nathI'... ItyAdi vAta jaNAvatA vizeSAvazyakabhASyagranthamAM zrI jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNe "kharaviSANa nathI evA vAkyano "kharamAM viSANa nathI' evo artha karyo che. tAtparya : 'kharaviSANa' pada e sAmAsika pada che. tenA be ghaTako che. "khara ane viSANa' kharapadanI lakSaNA karIne "kharIya' (akharasaMbaMdhI) evo artha karavAno che ane teno abhedasaMbaMdhathI 'viSANa' pada sAthe anvaya karavAno che. tethI 'varIyafmannaviSavi nAsti' evo bodha thaze. ahIM kharIviSANa bhale prasiddha na hoya paNa viSANa sAmAnya to gAya vageremAM prasiddha ja che. e ja rIte viSANamAM "kharIyatva" bhale prasiddha na hoya paNa kharanI pUMchaDImAM to kharIyatva prasiddha ja che. tethI khaMDazaH prasiddha evA be padArthonA saMbaMdhanA nAstitvanI siddhi ukta vAkyathI thaze - "kharamAM viSANa (no saMbaMdha) nathI." A ja rIte prAntanatyaM arthakriyAsamartha na mati, mApamAvAtu' - "ekAMtanityavastu arthakriyAsamartha nathI kAraNa ke temAM krama ke yaugapadya ghaTatuM nathI. AvA sthaLe paNa granthakAra saMgati karI batAve che. jainamate ekAMtaniyatva kyAMya prasiddha nathI tethI tenI pakSa tarIke prasiddhi zI rIte thAya te eka prazna che. paraMtu granthakAra tevA sthaLe A rIte pakSanI prasiddhi karI Ape che. - ukta sthaLe "kramayaugapaghAbhAva" e hetu che ke je arthakriyAsAmAAbhAvanI siddhi karI Ape. have A hetu aMge vizeSa vicAraNA karatA kramayaugapaghAbhAva' no artha "kramayogapaghanirupakatvAbhAva" karavo ane Avo hetu jyAM hoya tyAM arthakriyAsAmadhyabhAva hoya che. have mukhya prazna e rahe ke ukta sAdhyanI siddhi je pakSamAM rahe che te pakSa (ekAMtanitya) zI rIte prasiddha thaze? te aMge kahe che ke jainamate ekAntanityatva eTale ke anityasvAsamAnAdhikaraNanityatva prasiddha na hovA chatAM paNa kathaMcit nityatva eTale ke anitya-samAnAdhikaraNanityatva to prasiddha ja che. AvA kathaMcit nityatvamAM anityavasAmAnAdhikaraNyAvacchedana kramayaugapaghanirUpakatva che paNa tadabhAvA

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132 jaina takabhASA parArthaM pakSahetuvacanAtmakamanumAnamupacArAt, tena zroturanumAnenArthabodhanAt / pakSasya vivAdAdeva gamyamAnatvAdaprayoga iti saugataH; tanna; yatkiJcidvacanavyavahitAt tato vyutpannamateH pakSapratItAvapyanyAn pratyavazyanirdezyatvAt prakRtAnumAnavAkyAvayavAntaraikavAkyatApannAttato'va parArthamiti - pakSahetuvacanAtmakatvaM ca parArthAnumAnasya vyutpannamatipratipAdyApekSayA'troktam / mandamatipratipAdyApekSayA tu dRSTAntAdivacanAtmakamapi tadbhavatIti vakSyate / atIvavyutpannApekSayA punadhUmo'tra dRzyata ityAdi hetumAtravacanAtmakamapi tadbhavati / bAhulyena tatprayogAbhAvAttu naitatsAkSAt sUtritamupalakSitaM tu draSTavyam / nanu jJAnaM pramANamiti pramANasAmAnyasUtre nirNItaM, tatkathamatra pakSAdivacanasya jaDAtmano'numAnapramANatvamityAzaGkAyAmAha 'upacArAditi / kAraNe kAryopacArAdityarthaH / tatazca pratipAdyagatamutpatsyamAnaM yajjJAnaM ttkaarvacchedana kramayogapaghanirupakatva nathI ane te na hovAthI tene vyApaka arthakriyA sAmarthya paNa tyAM nathI ema siddha thAya che. eTale A rIte pakSa tarIke kathaMcit nityatva ja samajavuM. ekAntanityatva nahIM. temAM anityatvasAmAnAdhikaraNyAbhAvAvacchedana kramayaugapaghanirUpatvAbhAva hovAthI, kramayaugapadyAbhAvAtmaka hetuthI arthakriyAsAmarthyabhAva paNa sArI rIte siddha karI zakAya che. A vAta bahu sUkSmatAthI samajavA jevI che svaparasamayanA jJAtAo A vAtI sArI rIte samajI zake che. ahIM tarka A rIte ApI zakAze ke "nityatva jo arthakriyAniyAmaka hoya to arthakriyA aTakaze ja nahIM eTale kAryamAtrano kyAre ya nAza na thaI zake.' ekAMta nityatva sAthe arthakriyAne koI rIte meLa jAmato nathI. vastumAM arthakriyA (judA judA kAryo) be rIte saMbhave. kramaza: athavA yugapatuM, A banne rIte arthakriyAnI aghaTamAnatA ApaNe joI laIe. ekAMtanityamAM kramika arthakriyAnI aghaTamAnatA - nityavastu sarva kAryone kramazaH kare nahIM, kAraNa ke te pote kAlAMtarabhAvI kriyAone paNa prathamakriyAkALe karavA samartha ja che kAraNa ke teno e sarvakriyAo karavAno svabhAva to pahelethI vidyamAna ja hato ane samartha vastu to svakArya karavAmAM kSaNano paNa vilaMba kare nahIM (vilaMba kare to te asamartha sAbita thaI jAya, ane prathama samaye anya kriyAo karavAnuM sAmarthya ke tevo svabhAva tenAmAM tyAre nahoto, paNa pachIthI te pedA thAya che evuM to mAnI zakAya nahIM. kAraNa ke svabhAvabheda thatA ekAMtanityatva UDI jAya. tethI ekAMtanitya vastumAM kramika arthakriyAonuM niyAmakatva ghaTatuM nathI. ekAMtanityamAM yugapad arthakriyAnI aghaTamAnatA > ekAMtanitya vastu sarvakAlIna arthakriyAo ekasAthe kare che evI pratIti koIne thatI nathI. ane kadAca, e badhI arthakriyAo yugapad thaI jatI hoya to paNa prathama kSaNe te kriyAo thaI gayA bAda dvitIya vagere kSaNomAM te ekAMtanitya padArthe zuM karavAnuM rahyuM ? punaH te ja kAryo karavAmAM to kRtakaraNa doSa AvI paDe. ane, niSkriya rahe to temAM arthakriyAkAritvazUnyatva AvatA navo svabhAva mAnavo paDe ane ekAMtanityamAM svabhAvaparivartana to mAnya nathI. A rIte, ekAMta nitya vastumAM kramathI ke yugapad arthakriyAo ghaTatI nathI. tethI ekAMtanityamAM arthAt anityatvasAmAnAdhikaraNyAbhAvAvacchedana kathaMci nityamAM kramayogapaghanirUpakatvAbhAva rahe che ane A hetu banIne ekAMta

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pramANapariccheda 133 gamyamAnasya pakSasyAprayogasya ceSTatvAt / avazyaM cAbhyupagantavyaM hetoH pratiniyatadharmidharmatApratipattyarthamupasaMhAravacanavat sAdhyasyApi tadarthaM pakSavacanaM tAthAgatenApi, anyathA samarthanoNatvAt pakSAdivacanamapyupacAreNAnumAnaM pramANamucyate / yathA 'madvacanamAtrAdayamavabudhyatAmi'tyabhiprAyavAn vaktA na prastutaM vAkyamabhidhatte, kintvanumAnato'yaM mayA'vabodhanIyamityabhiprAyavAn / zrotA'pyetadvacanamAtrAdayamartho mayA'vabuddha iti na manyate, kintu vyAptimato liGgAdamumarthamavabuddhavAniti / ataH zrotuH pratItyupAyatvAt parArthamidamucyate / ____ 'samarthanamiti - svabhAva-kArya-anupalabdhibhedena hetoH traividhyam / tasya samarthanaM = saadhnsyaanityamAM arthakriyAniyAmakatvAbhAvanI siddhi karI deze. ahIM yAda rahe ke A samagra vAtamAM mULa muddo e che ke ekAMta nitya padArthanI (pakSanI) prasiddhi zI rIte thAya che ? ane teno javAba e che ke "arthakriyAo ghaTI zake nahIM evAM vAkyano vizeSa rIte Avo artha karyo ke (kathaMci) nityatvamAM anityatvasAmAnAdhikaraNya prasiddha che tethI tadavacchedana kramayaugapaghanirUpakatva ane arthakriyAniyAmakatva nityatva' mAM saMbhave che paNa aniyatvasAmAnAdhikaraNyAbhAvAvacchedena e be ya temAM saMbhavatA nathI. tethI vastutaH ahIM paNa pakSa to nityatva ja che. ekAMtanitya nahIM. TUMkamAM, ekAMtanityamAM arthakriyAniyAmakatva nathI, tethI prasiddhi A rIte thAya ke - ""nityapadArthamAM kramayaugapanirupakatva che ja, paNa te to anityatvasAmAnAdhikaraNyAvacchedena che, tadabhAvAvacchedana nityapadArthamAM kramayaugapadyanirupakatva nathI." nityavAda"mAM "Adi' padathI anityatva samajavuM. temAM nityatvasAmAnAdhikaraNyAbhAvAvacchedana kramayaugapaghanirUpakatvAbhAva ane arthakriyAniyAmakatAbhAvanI siddhi thaI zake che. | parArthAnumAnanuM nirUpaNa eka anumAnapramANanA nirUpaNamAM tenA prathamabhedarUpa svArthanumAnanuM nirUpaNa thayuM. sAthe saprasaMga tenA ghaTako sAdhya-hetu-pakSanA svarUpanI vicAraNA paNa thaI. have parArthAnumAnanAM nirUpaNano prAraMbha kare che. pakSa ane hetuno jemAM ullekha hoya tevA vacanane parAthanumAna kahevAya che. kahevAnuM tAtparya e che ke amuka padArthamAM amuka dharmanI siddhi bIjAne karAvavI hoya to je padArthamAM vivakSita dharmanI siddhi abhipreta hoya te padArthanuM nAmoccAraNa karavuM paDe. pachI vivakSita dharmane temAM siddha karI Apato hetu te padArthamAM (=pakSamAM) rahyo che tevuM jaNAvavuM paDe. Ane ja "pakSa-hetuvacana' kahevAya che. tene ahIM parAthanumAna zabdathI vivaNita karela che. zaMkA. : granthanA prAraMbhamAM pramANa sAmAnyanA lakSaNa vakhate ja tame kahI gayA cho ke jJAna ja pramANa bane che. ahIM to tame vacanane eTale ke zabdane pramANa kaho cho A to vadato vyAghAta kahevAya ! samA. : ahIM pakSahetuvacanane pramANe je kahevAyuM che te upacArathI jANavuM, vAstavamAM nahIM. mukhArthano jyAre bAdha Ave tyAre upacArano Azraya levAya che. ahIM vaktAno vacanaprayoga svayaM jJAnAtmaka nathI paNa te zrotAnA jJAnanuM kAraNa jarUra bane che. tethI jJAnanA kAraNamAM jJAnarUpa kAryano upacAra karIne ahIM pakSahetuvacanane parArthAnumAna pramANa kahyuM che. (ahIM keTalAka, kAryamAM kAraNano upacAra paNa mAne che. teonuM

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134 jaina tarkabhASA panyAsAdeva gamyamAnasya hetorapyanupanyAsaprasaGgAt, mandamatipratipattyarthasya cobhytraavishessaaditi| kiJca, pratijJAyAH prayogAnarhatve zAstrAdAvapyasau na prayujyeta, dRzyate ca prayujyamAneyaM zAkyasiddhatAdoSaparihAreNa svasAdhyasAdhanasAmarthyaprarUpaNavacanam, sAdhyena hetoH vyAptiM prasAdhya dharmiNi bhAvasAdhanamiti yAvat / yathA yat sat kRtakaM vA tat sarvamanityaM yathA ghaTAdiH, san kRtako vA zabda iti / ayaM bhAvaH yatra dhUmastatra vahnirityAdinA sAdhyavyAptasAdhanapradarzanena hetoH sAmAnyenA''dhArapratipattAvapi prvtaadimantavya kaMIka AvuM che. "vaktA svayaM to hetu dvArA sAdhyane pakSamAM jANI cukelo che. tenuM A jJAna svArthanumAna che. pachI anyane paNa te ja sAdhyanI anumiti karAvavA mATe vaktA pote pakSa-hetuvacanano prayoga kare che. A vacanaprayogamAM vaktAnuM svArthanumAnarUpa jJAna kAraNa bane che. eTale kAryarUpa vacanamAM kAraNabhUta vaktAnA jJAna mATe anumAna zabdano prayoga thayo che." paraMtu A mantavyamAM keTalIka vAto vicAravI paDe. (1) ahIM parArthAnumAnanI vAta prastuta che. kAryamAM kAraNano upacAra mAnavA jatA kAraNarUpa svArthanumAnano kAryarUpa vacanamAM upacAra mAnavo paDe che. tethI prakaraNabAdha Ave che. vaLI, parArthAnumAnanA badale svArthanumAnano upacAra mAnavo paDe che. A upacAra mukhyArthathI thoDe dUra cAlyo jAya che. mukhyArthano bAdha e jema upacAranuM bIja che tema mukhArthane saMbaddha rahevuM te upacAranuM svarUpa che. (2) kadAca svArthaparArtha banne anumAnane anumAna sAmAnyarUpe ekavAra mAnIne uparokta Apatti dUra karavA jaIe to paNa bIjI Apatti e Avaze ke vaktA pakSahetuvacana uccAre te svArthanumAnapUrvaka ja hoya evo koI kAyado nathI. vaktAne sAdhyasiddhi pratyakSapramANathI paNa thayelI hoI zake che. AvA sthaLe pakSahetuvacana svArthanumAnAtmaka jJAnapUrvaka na rahetA pratyakSajJAnapUrvaka thaze. tethI ahIM kAryarUpa vacanamAM kAraNabhUta pratyakSajJAnano upacAra mAnavo paDe. je jJAna pratyakSAtmaka che tene anumAnarUpa (kaparokSarUpa) upacArathI paNa zI rIte kahevAya? ane AvA sthaLe svArthanumAna rUpa kAraNa vinA (pratyakSajJAnathI ja) pakSahetuvacanaprayoga thato hovAthI svArthanumAna ane vacanaprayoga vaccenA kArya-kAraNabhAvanA bhaMganI paNa Apatti mAnavI paDe. A dizAmAM hajI paNa vicArI zakAya che.) prazna : A rIte to parAthanumAna zabdajanya thayuM to pachI te zAbdabodharUpa banI jaze ne ? uttara : ema to "A parArthAnumAna zrotrAtmaka Indriyajanya paNa che tethI e pratyakSa (zrAvaNapratyakSa) nahIM bane ?' AvI zaMkA paNa thaI zake che. vastusthiti e che ke AkhapuruSa "parvato vatimAnuM" eTaluM ja kahe ane e vacanathI ja zrotAe 'parvata para agni che' evo bodha ja karavAno hoya to tene zAbdabodha kahI zakAya. ahIM "parvato vaddhimAnuM AvuM zabda zravaNa e zrAvaNapratyakSa che. te pachI padajJAna dvArA (padajJAnakaraNa) je bodha thAya tene zAbdabodha kahevAya. jene padazaktinuM jJAna na hoya tene mAtra zabdazravaNarUpa pratyakSa thaze, zAbdabodha nahIM thAya. Ama, "parvato vatimAn dhUmAta" ema jyAre vaktA bole che tyAre badhira vyaktine zrAvaNapratyakSa paNa thatuM nathI. paTuM kandriyavALI vyaktine zrAvaNapratyakSa thAya che. paNa jo zaktijJAna na hoya to zAbdabodha thato nathI. jene zaktijJAna che paNa vyAptijJAna nathI e vaktA paranI zraddhAthI 'parvata agnivALo che, kAraNa ke te dhUmavALo che' evo zAbdabodha karaze paraMtu tene vyAptismaraNa, parAmarzAdi na thavAthI anumiti nahIM thAya. (e zraddhALu nahIM hoya to "dhUma hovAthI zuM thaI gayuM ?

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pramANapariccheda 135 zAstre'pi / parAnugrahArthaM zAstre tatprayogazca vAde'pi tulyA, vijigISUNAmapi mandamatInAmarthapratipattestata evopapatteriti / viziSTadharmidharmatA'dhigataye 'dhUmazcAtra' ityevaMrUpamupasaMhAravacanamavazyamAzrIyate tAthAgataiH / tathaiva pksspryogo'ethI kaMI agni hoya ema thoDuM mAnI levAya ?' ItyAdi dalIla karaze.) jene vyAtijJAna paNa che tene pakSahetuvacana sAMbhaLIne je jJAna thAya te vyAptijJAnakaraNaka hovAthI anumiti (parArthAnumAna) rUpa che. * pakSavacana vize anekaMta (bauddhamata khaMDana) eka bauddha : tame (jaino) pakSahetuvacanane parArthAnumAna kaho cho e vAta barAbara nathI. mAtra hetuvacana ja paryApta (pUratuM) che. jayAre paNa koI be vyakti vacce vivAda pravarte tyAre amuka padArthamAM amuka dharma hovA na hovA aMge ja hoya che. dA.ta. koI AtmAne nitya kaheze to koI anitya kaheze. koI "AtmA asti' kaheze to vaLI koI bIjo "AtmA nAsti' kaheze. ahIM vastu to pramANathI athavA vikalpathI athavA ubhayathI siddha ja hoya che, paNa temAM nityatva, anityatva, astitva, nAstitva vagere dharmo ja asiddha hoya che. tethI te te vivakSita dharmanI siddhi karavA mATe hetuvacana jarUrI che. pakSa to vivAdanuM kendra hovAthI ja jaNAI jato hoya che tethI parArthanumAnamAM pakSavacana binajarUrI che. jaina : A vAta barAbara nathI. kAraNa ke ghaNI vakhata evuM paNa banatuM hoya che ke vAdamAM vacce prAsaMgika koI bIjI carcA paNa thaI jAya ane pachI teno upasaMhAra karIne punaH mULa carcA cAlu rakhAya che. AvA prasaMge vacce vyavadhAna paDavAthI "pakSa bhUlAI gayo hoya evuM paNa bane. kadAca prativAdI vyutpannamativALo hoya to tene pakSanI pratIti pakSavacana vinA paNa thaI zake che. tema chatAM paNa avyutpannamativALA mATe to pakSavacanano nirdeza avazya karavo ja joIe. hA, prastuta anumAnavAkyanA je pratijJAvAjyAdi pAMca avayavo che tenI sAthe prastuta vivAda paNa jo ekavAkyatAne pAmI gayo hoya to pachI tenA vivAdathI ja pakSa jaNAI zake che. A rIte jo pakSa jaNAI jato hoya to pachI pakSavacanano aprayoga amane paNa ISTa ja che. eTale pakSavacananA prayoga vize jainadarzana anekAMtane ja salAmata siddhAntA tarIke svIkAre che. jarUra hoya tyAM karavo, jarUra na hoya tyAM na karavo. badhe karavo evuM paNa nahIM ane kyAMya na ja karavo ema paNa nahIM. vaLI, je rIte hetu pratiniyata dharmIno dharma che e vAtane jaNAvavA mATe tame (bauddha) upasaMhAra vacanano prayoga svIkAro cho tevI ja rIte sAdhya paNa amuka pratiniyata dharmIno dharma che e vAtane jaNAvavA mATe pakSavacananA prayogano svIkAra paNa tamAre (bauddhoe) avazya karavo joIe. (tAtparya : "yata sata, tat kSadhi, yathA medhAvi, sat ve'. A rIte anumAnavAkya bauddho svIkAre che. AmAM saMta vem' eTalo aMza upasaMhAravAkya kahevAya che. bauddho AvA upasaMhAravacanane Avazyaka mAne che jethI jANI zakAya ke hetu (sattva) e amuka pratiniyatadharmIno (je ahIM 'TuM padathI vivakSita che teno) dharma che. jema upasaMhAravacana dvArA hetu, pratiniyata dharmIno dharma che e vAta jaNAvAya che. tema pakSavacana dvArA sAdhya, pratiniyata dharmIno dharma che e vAta jaNAvAya che. mATe upasaMhAra vacanane Avazyaka mAnanArA bauddhoe pakSavacanane paNa amArI jema svIkAravuM ja paDaze.) kahevAnuM tAtparya e che ke upasaMhAravacana svIkAravuM ane pakSavacanano niSedha karavo Avo ardhajaratIyanyAya ucita nathI. anyathA, hetuvacananI paNa zI jarUra

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136 jaina tarkabhASA AgamAtpareNaiva jJAtasya vacanaM parArthAnumAnam, yathA buddhiracetanA utpattimattvAta ghaTavaditi sAGkhyAnumAnam / atra hi buddhAvutpattimattvaM sAGkhyena naivAbhyupagamyata iti; tadetadapepyaGgIkartavya iti bhAvaH / yadyapi vAdiprativAdyubhayasampratipannameva sAdhanaM vAdabhUmikAyAmupayujyata iti sarvasammatA vAdamaryAdA, tathApi kazcit sAGkhyaprakhyA svasiddhAntaM sthApayituM svAnabhimatamapi kiJcit sAdhanaM prativAdISTatvamAtreNa vAdakAla eva prayoktumicchanneva tAM sarvasammatavAdamaryAdAmatikramya svAbhiprAyAnukUlameva parArthAnumAnIyaM yat lakSaNAntaraM praNItavAn tadevAtra granthakAraH syAdvAdaratnAkaroktadizA (pR0551) nirasituM nirdizati 'aagche ? kAraNa ke samarthana prayogathI ja hetunI pratIti zakya che. "samarthana' zabdano artha che - hetuno prayoga karyA pachI tenI asiddhatA Adi doSonuM nirAkaraNa karavuM. arthAt, hetunI sAdhya sAthenI vyApti jaNAvIne (= hetunI avyabhicAritA, aviruddhatA jaNAvIne) pachI dharmImAM hetunI sattA jaNAvavI (= hetunI asiddhatAno abhAva jaNAvavo) e ja ahIM samarthana padArtha che. dA.ta. zabdamAM anityatAnI siddhi mATe apAyelA anumAnasthaLe "je je sat hoya te te badhuM anitya che jema ke ghaTAdi, zabda paNa sat che.' ahIM 'zabda paNa sat che eTalA aMzathI "sattva' hetunI asiddhatAnuM nirAkaraNa karAyuM che ane e pUrvanA aMzathI hetunI vyApti nizcita karAI che. AnuM nAma hetunuM samarthana. hetunuM samarthana karavAthI hetunI pratIti thaI zakatI hovAthI hetuno paNa pRthar upanyAsa karavAnI zI jarUra rahe ? bauddha : mandamativALA lokone hetupratIti karAvavA mATe pRthar hetuvacana jarUrI che. jaina : A dalIla to pakSavacananI AvazyakatA siddha karavA mATe paNa upayogI che. taduparAMta, bIjI vAta e paNa che ke pakSavacana (pratijJAvAkya)no prayoga jo anucita lAgato hoya to pachI zAstranA prAraMbhamAM paNa pratijJAvAkya hovuM na joIe. kAraNa ke zAstro paNa zrotAvarganA bodha mATe hovAthI "parArtha ja che. paraMtu hakIkata to e che ke tamArA (bauddhonA) zAstramAM paNa AvA pratijJAvAkyano prayoga thato dekhAya che. "zAstrazravaNathI zrotAne spaSTa bodha thaI zake e mATe zAstramAM pratijJAvacana jarUrI che." Avo bacAva jo tame karazo to pachI A dalIla to vAdamAM paNa tulya che. vAdamAM pravRtta thayelA (jItavAnI IcchAvALA) evA madamativALAne paNa pratijJAvacana (pakSavacana)thI ja arthabodha thaI zake che. (bauddho AdivAkya (pratijJAvAkya)ne granthaprAraMbhamAM Avazyaka mAnatA nathI. syAdvAda ratnAkara granthanI zarUAtamAM ja aneka dalIlo dvArA pratijJAvAkyanI AvazyakatA siddha karAI che.) 9 parArthAnumAnanA parAbhimatalakSaNanuM khaMDana * (sAmAnyathI to vAdI ane prativAdI bannene je saMmata hoya te ja hetu parArthanumAnamAM upayogI banI zake. paraMtu koI evuM kahe che ke "mAtra prativAdIne ja potAnA AgamathI je siddha hoya te paNa parAthanumAnamAM hetu banI zake. temanA mantavyane jaNAvIne granthakAra tenuM nirasana kare che.) pUrvapakSa : je hetuno prayoga thAya te siddha hovo joIe. parAthanumAnamAM vAdIe prativAdI mATe ja hetuno prayoga karavAno hoya che. te hetu kadAca vaktAne saMmata bhale na hoya paraMtu zrotAne potAnA AgamathI jo te hetu siddha hoya to zrotAne sAdhyasiddhi karAvavA mATe te hetu sakSama kahevAya ane

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pramANapariccheda zalam; vAdiprativAdinorAgamaprAmANyavipratipatteH, anyathA tata eva sAdhyasiddhiprasaGgAt / mAt pareNaiva' ityAdinA / ' AgamAt ' AmAnusAreLa, 'vIva'-prativAvinaiva, 'jJAtasya'-sammatasya, 'vacanam ' - sAdhanatayA vAdakAle vAdinA kRtaH prayoga ityarthaH / tathA ca vAdinA prativAdini svasiddhAntapratyAyanaM sAdhanasiddhyA sampAdanIyam / sA ca sAdhyasiddhiryadi kevalaprativAdinyapi syAt tAvataiva vAdI kRtArtho bhavediti kimubhayasiddhasAdhanagaveSaNaprayAsena ?, iti parArthAnumAnIyalakSaNAntarakAriNaH pUrvapakSiNa AzayaH / prAgnirdiSTaM lakSaNAntaraM nirAkaroti 'tadetadapezalam' ityAdinA / atrAyaM bhAvaH - vAdiprativAdyubhayasiddhasyaiva sAdhanasya parArthAnumAnopayogitayA na vAdiprativAdyekatarasiddhasAdhanena anumAnapravRttirucitA / tathA ca sAdhanasiddhaye samAzrIyamANaH Agamo'pi vAdiprativAdyubhayasampratipannaprAmANyaka eva parArthAnumAnopajIvyaH, na tu tadanyataramAtrasammataprAmANyakaH / evaM ca na prativAdimAtrAbhyupagataprAmANyakena Agamena sAdhanamupanyasya anumAnapravartanaM vAdino nyAyyam / vAdI hi prativAdyAgamaM tena parIkSya svIkRtamaparIkSya vA svIkRtamiti matvA tamAgamamAzrayannanumAnAvasare sAdhanamupanyasyet ? / na prathamaH pakSaH, vAdinApi tadAgamaprAmANyasya sviikrnniiparArthAnumAnakALe zrotAne sAdhyasiddhi karAvavI eTaluM ja to vaktAnuM prayojana hoya che tethI 'potAnA AgamathI prativAdIne ja je siddha hoya tevuM hetuvacana e parArthAnumAna kahevAya che.' AvuM parArthanumAnanuM lakSaNa karavuM ucita che. jema ke sAMkhyo jJAnane jaDa (acetana) mAne che. tenI siddhi karavA mATe te loko AvuM anumAna Ape che 'buddhi acetana che, kAraNa ke te utpanna thAya che. jema ke ghaTa.' have sAMkhyo to satkAryavAdI hovAthI koI paNa padArthanI utpatti ke nAza to mAnatA ja nathI, mAtra AvirbhAva-tirobhAva ja mAne che. bAkI sAMkhyonA mate to dareka vastu nitya che. tethI temaNe Apelo 'utpattimattva' hetu temanA mate buddhimAM (pakSamAM) rahyo nathI ke ghaTAdimAM (dRSTAntamAM) paNa rahyo nathI. chatAM, ahIM hetvAbhAsa ke dRSTAnnAbhAsa doSa nathI kAraNa ke sAMkhyo to ukta anumAna jaina vagerene Ape che ane e badhA to jJAnane paryAyAdirUpe mAne che tethI jJAnAdimAM utpattimattva mAne ja che. mATe temane to svaAgamapramANathI hetu siddha ja che. A rIte sAMkhyo buddhimAM utpattimattva svIkAratA nathI chatAM paNa mAtra prativAdIne siddha evA hetuno prayoga paNa te loko kare che. sAMkhyoe ApelA A anumAnanA jore ame ema mAnIe chIe ke 'potAnA Agama thakI mAtra prativAdIne ja siddha hoya evA hetuno prayoga e parArthAnumAna che.' uttarapakSa : mAtra paraprasiddha hetuthI parArthAnumAna karAvavAnI tamArI vAta barAbara nathI. kAraNa ke pahelI vAta to e che ke vivakSita AgamanA prAmANya aMge vAdI-prativAdI vacce matabheda rahevAno ja. jo matabheda na hoya to pachI te AgamathI ja vivakSita sAdhyanI siddhi thaI zake che. pachI anumAna karavuM vyartha che. dA.ta. sAMkhyonA Agama buddhine acetana kahe che te aMge jo prativAdI jaina vagerene matabheda na hoya to pachI sAMkhyonA AgamathI ja te prativAdIne sAdhyasiddhi (buddhimAM acetanatvanI siddhi) thaI jatI hovAthI vivAda ja kyAM rahe ke jethI sAMkhyoe prativAdIone acetanatvanI siddhi karavA anumAna ApavuM paDe ! (ane prativAdIo paNa jo sAMkhyAgamone svIkArI letA hoya pachI to - = 137

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jaina tarkabhASA parIkSApUrvamAgamAbhyupagame'pi parIkSAkAle tadbAdhAt / nanvevaM bhavadbhirapi kathamApAdyate paraM prati yatvApatteH / na hi parIkSitaM kenApi prAmANikena upekSituM zakyam / tathA ca prativAdyAgamAnusAreNaiva sAdhanavat sAdhyakoTerapi vAdinA avazyAGgIkAryatvena tadviruddhasAdhanAya anumAnopanyAsasya vaiyarthyAt AgamabAdhitatvAcca / na dvitIyaH AgamasyAparIkSyAbhyupagatasya prAmANyasya prativAdino'pi zithilamUlatayA sandigdhatayA sandigdhaprAmANyakatAdRzaprativAdyAgamAnusAreNAsandigdhasAdhanopanyAsasya vAdinA kartumazakyatvAt / 'anyathA' - vipratipannaprAmANyakAgamAzrayaNena sAdhanopanyAsa ityarthaH / tata eva ' - prativAdimAtrasammatAdeva, tadIyAgamAt sAdhyasiddhiprasaGgAt prativAdini svakoTe: svAgamenaiva nizcitatvAt vAdikoTezca tenaivAgamena bAdhitatvAt saMzayarUpapakSatAyA abhAvena tatra nAnumitisambhava ityarthaH / 138 nanu anumAnottarakAlaM tu prativAdinA parIkSyAgamaH svIkariSyate, anumAnakAle punaH paramparAyAtena abhinivezamAtreNa vA tena svIkRta iti tadAzrayaNena sAdhanamupanyasyan vAdI kathamupAlambhAspadaM bhavet ?, ityA teo paNa sAMkhyAgamaviparIta evI buddhimAM cetanatvanI ke cetanadharmatvanI vAta zA mATe kare ? ane kare to paNa te AgamabAdhita (pramANabAdhita) thavAthI UDI jaze.) mATe vAdI-prativAdI vacce parasparanA Agamo aMge matabheda rahevAno ja. tethI mAtra prativAdInA AgamanA AdhAre, vAdI potAne asvIkRta evo hetu Ape te vAdamaryAdAnuM ullaMghana kahevAya. pUrvapakSa : parArthAnumAna to parapratIti mATe ja che ne ! vAdIne to sAdhya siddha ja che. prativAdIne tenI siddhi karAvavA mATe to hetu apAya che. prayujyamAna hetu vAdIsaMmata bhale ne na hoya chatAM paNa 'mleccho mlecchamApavA vocitavyaH' nA nyAye prativAdIne saMmata evo hetu vAdI Ape emAM zuM vAMdho? ApaNe to maga sIjhavavAthI kAma che ne ! je pANIe maga sIjhe e pANIe sIjhavavAnA ! uttarapakSa : tame jarA vAtane samajo. 'prativAdI to potAnA Agamane pramANa mAne ja che ne, pachI tenA Agama pramANe hetu ApavAmAM zuM vAMdho ? e hetu prativAdIne to siddha ja che ne ! jene sAdhyasiddhi karAvavAnI hoya tene hetu siddha che pachI zuM vAMdho ?' AvI tamArI mAnyatA barAbara nathI. prativAdI buddhimAM utpattimattva svIkAre che paNa arcanatva mAnatA nathI. have jyAre sAMkhyo (vAdI) taraphathI buddhimAM acetanatva siddha karatuM anumAna apAya tyAre prativAdInA Agama, ke je buddhimAM arcanatva mAnatA nathI, tenuM nirAkaraNa thaI jaze. vAdI taraphathI karAyelI prativAdI-Agamaviruddha rajuAtane prativAdI jo svIkArI le to prativAdI mATe paNa potAnA Agama apramANa ja banyA kahevAya. prativAdIe parIkSApUrvaka potAnA Agamane svIkAryA hoya to paNa vAdakALe parIkSAkALe tenA AgamathI viparIta rajuAta siddha thaI jatA tenA AgamanA prAmANyano bAdha thaze eTale vastutaH to pelA prayujyamAna hetu prativAdIne paNa pramANasiddha raheto nathI. tethI aMte to te hetu ubhayane asiddha banI jaze. tethI potAne asiddha evA hetuno prayoga vAdI karI na zake eTale evA hetune parArthAnumAna na kahevAya e ja phalitArtha che. pUrvapakSa : A rIte jo mAtra prativAdIne ja siddha evA hetuthI parArthAnumAna zakya na hoya to tame =

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pramANapariccheda 139 'yata sarvathaikaM tannAnekatra sambadhyate, tathA ca sAmAnyam' iti ? / satyam; ekadharmopagame dharmAntarasandarzanamAtratatparatvenaitadApAdanasya vastunizcAyakatvAbhAvAt, prasaGgaviparyayarUpasya zaGkAyAmAha 'parIkSAkAle tadbAdhAd' iti / tathA ca anumAnAvasare vAdivirodhaM sahamAnasya prativAdinaH svAgamaprAmANyaM na nizcitaM nAma / parIkSAkAle prativAdipratipannA''gamapratipAditArthasya vAdinA'yuktatvavyavasthitau prativAdyAgamasya bAdhitArthakatvenAprAmANyasyaiva vyavasthityA prAmANyAbhyupagamasya tadAnIM bAdhAt / evaM ca tathA prativAdyAgamaH vAdino'nizcitaprAmANyakastathA prativAdino'pyanizcitaprAmANyaka iti na tadAzrayaNena sAdhanopanyAsaH kAmapi iSTasiddhiM puSNAtIti bhAvaH / 'prasaGgaviparyaya' iti vyApyAbhyupagamanAntarIyako vyApakAbhyupagamo yatra prasajyate tat prasaGgasAdhanamucyate / prasaGgaH khalvatra vyApakaviruddhopalabdhirUpaH / anekavyaktivartitvasya hi vyApakamanekatvam, ekAntikaikarUpasyAnekavyaktivartitvavirodhAt / anekatravRtteranekatvaM vyApakaM tadviruddhaM ca sarvathaikyaM sAmAnye tvayA'bhyupagamyate tato nA'nekavRttitvaM syAt, virodhyaikyasadbhAvena vyApyena vyApakasyAnekatvasya nivRttyA vyApyasyAnekavRttitvasyA'vazyaM nivRtteH iti prasaGgApAdanam / na ca tannivRttirabhyupagateti labdhAvasaraH prasaGgaviparyayAkhyo viruddh(jaino) naiyAyiko sAme sAmAnya jo sarvathA eka hoya to te aneka dharmIo sAthe saMbaddha na hoya evuM anumAna zI rIte ApI zako ? kAraNa ke sAmAnyamAM sarvathA ekatva to tamane jainone svIkRta nathI. e to naiyAyiko mAne che. (tAtparya : naiyAyiko sAmAnya (jAti) padArthane sarvathA ekarUpa ane anekavyaktivRttirUpa mAne che. dA.ta. ghaTatva sAmAnya vizvamAM eka ja che ane sakalaghaTavRtti che. jaino AnI sAme ema kahe che ke "sAmAnya nAnezvavyavRtti sarvavirutvI' = "sAmAnya anekavyaktivRtti nathI kAraNa ke te sarvathA ekarUpa che.' ahIM sAmAnyamAM sarvathA ekarUpata to naiyAyikamAnya ja che, syAdvAdI to koI vastumAM sarvathA ekarUpatva mAnatA nathI. tethI, mAtra parAbhyAgata hetuno prayoga jo thaI na zakto hoya to jaino Avo prayoga zI rIte karI zake ? evo pUrvapakSIno Azaya che.) uttarapakSa : tame je kaho cho te barAbara che paraMtu enA parathI je siddha karavuM che ke mAtra parAbhyAgatahetuthI paNa parArthAnumAna thaI zake che e vAta siddha thavAnI nathI. (Avo ardhIgIkAra hoya tyAM "satyam' Adi parathI AkSepa parihAra karAya che.) anekavyaktivRttitvano niSedha karavA mATe ame sarvathA aikyane heturUpe raju nathI karatA. kintu A to mAtra prasaMganuM ApAdana karAya che. jema ke koI kahe ke vadhi zIta che. to tenI sAme ema kahevAmAM Ave ke - vatimAM zaitya mAnazo to gurutva paNa mAnavuM paDaze kAraNa ke gurUtva e zaityavyApaka che. to eno artha ema na karAya ke AvuM kahenAra vaDhimAM gurutva mAne che. A to prasaMga-ApAdana che. eka dharma svIkAravAthI tene vyApaka anyadharma (gurutva) paNa mAnavo paDaze evo prasaMga ApavAnuM ja tAtparya che. Avo prasaMga ApIne ukta prasaMganA viparyayane ja mULahetu banAvAya che. jema 'vatna na zItaH purutvamAvat'. pelo prasaMga to A mULahetuno sahAyaka bane che. prastutamAM paNa "je sarvathA ekarUpa hoya te aneka vyaktivRtti na hoI zake evI vyApti batAvavA dvArA evuM prasaMga ApAdana ja karAya che ke "jo tame sAmAnyamAM sarvathA aikyarUpa eka dharma mAnazo to sAthe

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140 jaina tarkabhASA maulahetoreva tannizcAyakatvAt, anekavRttitvavyApakAnekatvanivRttyaiva tannivRtteH maulahetuparikaratvena vyAptopalabdhirUpo'tra maulo hetuH| yathA yadanekavRtti tadanekam, anekavRtti ca sAmAnyamiti / ekatvasya hi viruddhamanekatvaM, tena vyAptamanekavRttitvaM, tasyopalabdhiriha / maulatvaM cAsyaitadapekSayaiva prasaGgasyopanyAsAt / na cAyamubhayorapi na siddhaH / sAmAnye jainayogAbhyAM tadabhyupagamAt / tato'yameva maulo heturayameva ca vastunizvAyaH " - nanu yadi prasaGgaviparyaya eva mUlahetustarhi prasaGgopanyAsaH kimartha ityAzaGkAyAM prasaGgopanyAsasArthakyamAha'anekavRttitva' iti- anekavRttitvasya vyApakaM yadanekatvaM, tasya yA sarvathaikyasvIkAre sati nivRttiH, tayaiva vyApakanivRttyA vyApyIbhUtAnekavRttitvanivRtteH prasaGgaH = 'yadi sAmAnyaM sarvathaikaM syAt tadA anekavRtti na syAt' ityAdirUpo yaH kriyate, sa eva sAmAnye'nekatvasAdhake anekavRttitvarUpe maulahetau 'sAmAnyamanekavRtti teno vyApaka evo anekavyaktivRttitvAbhAva rUpa anyadharma paNa mAnavo paDaze. (A prasaMga vyApakaviruddhopalabdhirUpa che. aneka vyaktivRttitvane vyApaka che anekatva, tenuM virodhi che ekatva. tevuM ekatva jo tame mAnazo to anekavyaktivRttitvAbhAva mAnavo paDaze.) Avo prasaMga ApIne tenA viparyayane ja mULaheturUpe raju karAya che. jema ke - "sAmAnyuM na sarvathA para ane vyakTrivRttitvAtu' = sAmAnya sarvathA ekarUpa nathI kAraNa ke te anekavyaktivRtti che. ahIM anekavyaktivRttitva e ja mULa hetu che ja banne pakSane mAnya che.) A mULahetu viruddha vAtopalabdhirUpa che. (pratiSedhya = sarvathA aikya, tene viruddha che anekatva, anekatva vyApya che anekavyaktivRttitva, tenI upalabdhi ahIM hetu che.) ahIM khAsa samajI rAkhavuM ke jeno prasaMga apAyo che te pote ahIM vastuno nizcaya karAvanAra nathI. paraMtu te prasaMgano viparyaya (mane vyazivRttitvamavano viparyaya) anekavyaktivRttitva e pote ja mULahetu hovAthI vastunizcAyaka che. prasaMga ApAdanamAM evI vyApti jaNAvAya che ke je sarvathA ekarUpa hoya te anekavyaktivRtti na hoya, vyatirekathI je anekavyaktivRtti hoya tenAmAM anekatva hoya. ahIM anekatva e vyApaka che. vyApakanA abhAvathI vyApyano abhAva jaNAya tethI jAtimAM anekatva na hovAthI anekavyaktivRttitva paNa nahIM rahe ema jaNAya che. tethI amArA ekatvaniSedhaka anumAnamAM mULahetu te anekavyaktivRttitva ja che je ubhayapakSamAnya che. pUrvapakSa : to pachI prasaMga ApAdana karavAnI zuM jarUra che ? sIdhuM ja mULa anumAna Apo ne ? uttarapakSa : prasaMgaApAdana to mULahetunA parikara (sahAyaka) rUpe karAyuM che. jema ke koI ema kahe che "sAmAnya anekavRtti hovA chatAM anekatvavALuM na hoya to zuM vAMdho? to AvI vyabhicArazaMkAne dUra karavA mATe vipakSabAdhakatarka (anukULatarka) ApI zakAya ke "jo sAmAnyamAM anekatva na hoya (eTale ke ekatva hoya) to sAmAnyamAM anekavyaktivRttitva paNa na hoI zake. A rIte prasaMga upanyAsa je karAyo che te, mULahetunI vyAptinI siddhi karAvI Ape che ane te dvArA ISTa sAdhyanI (ekatvaniSedhanI) siddhi karavAmAM madadarUpa bane che. tethI mULahetunA parikararUpe prasaMgano upanyAsa karavo paNa yogya ja che. (kAraNa ke mULahetugata vyApinI siddhimAM phalita thanArA AvA vipakSabAdhakatakane lagabhaga badhA ja mAne che.) pUrvapakSa : to pachI vRddhiH vetanA utpattimasvAt' evuM sAMkhyAnumAna paNa prasaMgaApAdanaparaka che

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pramANapariccheda 141 prasaGgopanyAsasyApi nyAyyatvAt / buddhiracetanetyAdau ca prasaGgaviparyayahetorvyAptisiddhinibandhanasya viruddhadharmAdhyAsasya vipakSabAdhakapramANasyAnupasthApanAt prasaGgasyApyanyAyyatvamiti vadanti / bhavatu mA bhUdanekam' ityevaMrUpAyAH vyabhicArazaGkAyAH nivartakatvena tarkAparaparyAyaH parikaro'bhidhIyate / etAdRzasya prasaGgAkhyaparikarasya vyabhicArazaGkAvidhUnanadvArA maulahetugatavyAptisiddhiparyavasAyinaH upanyAsasya sarvasammatatayA nyAyyatvameva iti bhAvaH / ____ "nanvevaM prasaGge'GgIkriyamANe buddhiracetanA, utpattimattvAdityayamapi sAGkhyena khyApitaH prasaGgaheturbhaviSyati / tathAhi yadi buddhirutpattimatI bhavadbhirabhyupagamyate tadAnIM tadvyApakamacaitanyamapi tasyAH syAditi prasaGgamApAdya tadviparyayo maulahetutayopanyasyate / na cAcaitanyaM yato buddhau tatazca notpattimattvamapIti caitanyameva prasaGgaviparyayarUpo maulaheturatrApItyAzakya samAdhatte 'buddhiracetanetyAdau ca' ityAdinA / "prasaGgaviparyayahetormolasya caitanyAkhyasya sAGkhyAnAM buddhAvapi pratiSiddhatvAccaitanyasvIkAre'pi nA'nayoH prasaGga-tadviparyayayorgamakatvaM, anena prasaGgenAtra prasaGgaviparyayahetorvyAptisiddhinibandhanasya viruddhadharmAdhyAsasya vipakSe bAdhakapramANasyAnupasthApanAt, caitanyotpattimattvayorvirodhAbhAvAt / evaM hyacetanatvenotpattimatvaM vyAptaM bhavedyadi caitanyena tasya virodhaH syAt, nAnyathA / na caivamiti naitau prasaGgatadviparyayau gamako bhavata iti na sAGkhyAnumAne prasaGgasya nyAyyatvam / ataH prativAdimAtrasiddhahetuprayogo naivocita iti samyak sthitaM / ema mAnIne tyAM paNa prasaMganA viparyaya (abhAva) ne ja mULa hetu mAnazuM. (tAtparya : ukta sAMkhyAnumAna dvArA paNa prasaMganuM ApAdana ja karAya che ke "jo tame buddhimAM utpattimattva mAnazo to sAthe teno vyApaka evo acetanavarUpa anya dharma paNa buddhimAM mAnavo paDaze." Avo prasaMga ApIne pachI tenA viparyayane mULa hetu banAvIne pachI ema kahevAya che ke "buddhimAM acenatattva nathI mATe utpattimattva paNa nathI." A rIte ukta sAMkhyAnumAna paNa prasaMgahetuka che, bAkI mULahetunA parikararUpe ja ene mAnazuM.) uttarapakSa: nA, sAMkhyAnumAnamAM Avo bacAva karavo zakya nathI. kAraNa ke "buddhimAM jo utpattimattva mAnazo to acenatva paNa mAnavuM paDaze' evo prasaMga ApyA pachI tenA viparyayane mULahetu banAvo eTale tamAre mULa hetu "cetanatva' banaze. paNa sAMkhyo to buddhimAM cetanatva svIkAratA nathI. kAraNa ke, sAMkhyo to ekamAtra puruSatattvamAM ja caitanya svIkAre che, zeSa badhA buddhayAdi padArtho to jaDa evI prakRtinA vikArarUpa hovAthI acetana che evuM te mAne che. tethI prasaMgaviparyayarUpa mULahetu (= caitanya) sAMkhyone asiddha hovAthI te sthaLe A rIte prasaMga ApAdana mAnI zakAze nahIM. vaLI, sAMkhyo dvArA apAto prasaMga vAstavamAM vipakSabAdhakatarka banIne mULahetugatavyAptinI siddhi karI zake tema paNa nathI. "buddhi cetana paNa hoya ane chatAM utpattivALI paNa bhale hoya" AvI vyabhicArazaMkA sAme evo tarka Apavo paDe ke "je utpattimat hoya te cetana na hoya paraMtu utpatti ane caitanya vacce koI virodha nathI. arthAtuM, "yatra yatra utpattimattva tatra tatra jhavetanavaM' evI vyApti ja nathI. evI vyApti hoya to "utpattimattva ane cetanatva banne sAthe rahI na zake kAraNa ke banne paraspara virodhI dharmo che" e rIte viruddhadharmAdhyAsa

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142 jaina tarkabhASA ___hetu: sAdhyopapattyanyathAnupapattibhyAM dvidhA prayoktavyaH, yathA parvato vahnimAn, satyeva vahnau dhUmopapatteH asatyanupapattervA / anayoranyataraprayogeNaiva sAdhyapratipattau dvitIyaprayogasyaikatrAnupayogaH / pakSahetuvacanalakSaNamavayavadvayameva ca parapratipattyaGgaM na dRSTAntAdivacanam, pakSahetuvacanAdeva vakSyate cA'nyatarAsiddhahetvAbhAsapadena tAdRzahetoH duSTatvamityubhayasiddha eva hetuH parArthAnumAne prayoktavyaH / parArthAnumAne'vayavasaGkhyAne vipratipadyante dArzanikAH / tathAhi -naiyAyikAstAvat pratijJAdIn paJcAvayavAn pratipedire / tathA ca tatsUtraM 'pratijJAhetUdAharaNopanayanigamanAnyavayavAH (nyA.sU.1/1/32) pakSahetudRSTAntalakSaNaM tryavayavaM parArthAnumAnamiti sAGkhyAH , mImAMsakAzca, kecinmImAMsakA upanayasahitAn caturo'pi kathayanti, bauddhatArkikadiGagnAga: dharmakIrtistudanusAriNazca bauddhAH hetudRSTAntAviti dvAvavayavau kvacit kevalaM heturUpamekamavayavamapi ca nirUpayanti / tadetadakhilaM matAntarajAlaM manasi nidhAya parArthAnumAne'vayavadvayamevopayujyata iti pratipAdayannAha 'pakSahetuvacana' ityAdinA / avayavAntaraprayojanAbhAvaM vyutpAdayati prtibndhsyerUpa vipakSabAdhakatarka ApI zakAya. A vipakSabAdhakapramANathI mULahetugatavyAptinI ("yatra yatra vaitanya taMtra tatra utpattimattAmAva:' evI vyAptinI) siddhi thaI zake. paraMtu sAMkhyo dvArA apAto prasaMga vyAptizUnya hovAthI A vAta zakya nathI. A rIte, AkhI carcAne aMte e vAtano upasaMhAra thAya che ke "mAtra prativAdIne ja siddha hoya evA hetune parArthAnumAna na kahevAya, ubhayasiddhahetune ja parArthAnumAna kahevAya. tethI parArthanumAnanuM parAbhimata lakSaNa A rIte khaMDita jANavuM. tethI praWkAre ApeluM pakSadetuvanAtma parArthananumAnam (upavIrIta)' evuM lakSaNa ja nirdoSa sAbita thAya che. 9 be prakSare hetupayoga << parAthanumAnamAM hetuno prayoga be rIte thaI zake che. (1) sAdhyopapatti dvArA (2) anyathAnupapatti dvArA. "sAdhya hoya to ja hetu hoI zake' Ane sAdhyopapatti kahevAya che. dA.ta. - 'vaddhi hoya to ja sAme dekhAtA dhUmanI upapatti (saMgati) thAya (mATe parvata vahimAnuM che.) "sAdhya na hoya to hetu paNa na ja hoya' Ane anyathAnupapatti kahevAya che. dA.ta. "varti na hoya to (sAme dekhAto) dhUma anupapanna (asaMgata) banI jAya." (mATe parvata vatimAn che.) Ane naiyAyikAdi anvaya ane vyatireka vyApti kahe che. Ama to A hetuprayoganA be prakAromAM vAkyaracanAmAM ja phera che, arthamAM khAsa phera nathI. bIjAne sAdhyasiddhi thavI e ja banne prakAranA hetuprayoganuM phaLa che. A bemAMthI koI paNa eka prakAranA hetuprayogathI ja jo sAdhyasiddhi thaI jAya to pachI te prayojana mATe anya prakAre punaH hetuprayoga karavo jarUrI nathI. paNa hA, koI mandamatine eTalA mAtrathI sAdhyanI pratIti na thAya to anya prakAre punaH hetuprayoga thaI zake che. eTale hetuprayoga kyAMka eka rIte, kyAMka ubhaya rIte thAya che. (A jaNAvavA mATe granthamAM banne prakAranA udAharaNo jaNAvatI vakhate vikalpasUcaka 'vA'kArano prayoga thayelo che.

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143 pramANapariccheda parapratipatteH, pratibandhasya tarkata eva nirNayAt, tatsmaraNasyApi pakSahetudarzanenaiva siddheH, asamarthitasya dRSTAntAdeH pratipattyanaGgatvAttatsamarthanenaivAnyathAsiddhezca / samarthanaM hi hetorasiddhatvAdidoSAnirAkRtya svasAdhyenAvinAbhAvasAdhanam, tata eva ca parapratItyupapattau kimapara-prayAseneti mandamatIMstu vyutpAdayituM dRSTAntAdiprayogo'pyupayujyate, tathAhi-yA khalu kSayopazamavityAdinA kimaparaprayAsenetyantena / asamarthitasyeti - hetupadasyAtrAdhyAhAryatayA asamarthitasya hetorityarthaH, anyathA 'tatsamarthanene'tyatra vakSyamANatatpadena hetoH grahaNamasambhavi syAt, tatpadena pUrvaprakrAntagrahaNaniyamAt / apavAdAn nirvakti 'mandamatIMstu' ityAdinA / 'yaH khalu' iti - evaM khalu 'hetureva hi kevalamiti (pramANavA.1-28) bauddhapakSaH saGgamito bhavati / 'taM prati pakSo'pI'ti - ayameva hi mukhyavRttyopayujyata iti mUlalakSaNe tadevAbhihitam / 'taM prati dRSTAnto'piti - anena sAGkhyAdipakSAH samanvitA / taM pratyupanayo'pIti - mImAMsakaikadezino matamapi saGgamitam / 'evamapi sAkAGkSami'tyAdinA paJcA * parArthonamAnamAM dRSTAntAdinA upanyAsa vize anekanDa | parArthAnumAnanAM lakSaNamAM jaNAvI dIdhuM ke pakSa-hetuvacanathI anyane sAdhyanI pratIti karAvAya che eTale parArthAnumAnanA avayavo be thayA-pakSavacana ane hetuvacana. A aMge judA judA darzanakAronI judI judI mAnyatA che. naiyAyiko ane vaizeSiko pratijJA-hetu-udAharaNa-upanaya-nigamanavAkyAtmaka paMcAvayava mAne che. sAMkhyo pakSa hetu-daSTAntavacana ema traNa avayavo mAne che. mImAMsako paNa pratijJA-hetu-udAharaNaracanAtmaka traNa avayavo mAne che. bauddha mAtra hetuvacana rUpa eka avayava mAne che. te badhAnuM nirasana karavA granthakAra have parArthAnumAnanA vAstavamAM keTalA avayava che te jaNAve che. pakSavacana ane hetuvacanarUpa be avayavo ja parapratItinA kAraNa che. daSTAntAdivacanane kAraNa mAnavAnI jarUra nathI kAraNa ke pakSavacana ane hetuvacanathI ja zrotAne pratIti thaI zake che. mATe parapratIti mATe jeTaluM jarUrI hoya teTaluM ja kahevuM joIe (ane jeTaluM jarUra hoya teTaluM kahevuM ja joIe.). zaMkA : vyAptino nirNaya karavA mATe dAnta to joIe ne ? vyAptinA nirNaya vinA koI hetu sAdhyapratIti karAvI zakato nathI. vaLI, vyAptino nirNaya paNa pakSabhinna sthAnamAM thato hovAthI dRSTAntavacana paNa jarUrI che. parvata para dhUma hovAthI te vaddhimAna che, jema ke mahAnasa.' ATaluM bolAya eTale mahAnasamAM vyAptino nirNaya thaI jAya jethI parvata para valinI anumiti thaI zake. samA. : daSTAnta to eka vyaktirUpa che tethI tenA AdhAre sArvatrika vyAptino nirNaya thaI na zake. eka vyaktirUpa daSTAntamAM hetu-sAdhyano sahacAra jovA maLe eTalA mAtrathI vyAptino nirNaya thaI zakato nathI. sArvatrika vyAptinirNaya to tarkapramANa dvArA thAya che. tethI vyAptino nirNaya karavA mATe daSTAntavacana upayogI banatuM nathI. zaMkA : vyAptino nirNaya karavAnuM sAmarthya tarkanuM hovAthI te mATe bhale daSTAntavacana upayogI na bane paNa tarkathI pUrve nirNAta karelI vyAptinuM smaraNa karavA mATe to daSTAntavacana upayogI bane ne !

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144 jaina tarkabhASA zeSAdeva nirNItapakSo dRSTAntasmAryapratibandhagrAhakapramANasmaraNanipuNo'parAvayavAbhyUhanasamarthazca bhavati, taM prati hetureva prayojya: / yasya tu nAdyApi pakSanirNayaH, taM prati pakSo'pi / yastu pratibandhagrAhiNa: pramANasya na smarati, taM prati dRSTAnto'pi / yastu dAAntike hetuM yojayituM na jAnIte, taM pratyupanayo'pi / evamapi sAkAkSaM prati ca nigamanam / pakSAdisvarUpaviprativayavavAdino'pi saGgatimitA / kevalamatra pratipAdyApekSayA tattatpakSANAmApekSikasvIkAraH, anyaiH punaH sarvathe-tyupekSitAsta iti dhyeyam / ye tvatimatimAndyatopalakSitatayA pakSAdisvarUpe'pi vipratipadyamAnAstAn prati pakSazuddhyAdikamapi vAcyamiti dazAvayavo heturutkRSTato phalitaH / yadAhuH zrIbhadrabAhusvAmipUjyapAdAH 'katthai paMcAvayavaM dasahA vA savvahA Na paDikuTuMti (dazavai.ni.50) / tatra pratItasAdhyadharmavizeSaNatvAdipakSadoSaparihArAdiH pakSazuddhiH / abhidhAsyamAnAsiddhAdihetvAbhAsoddharaNaM hetuzuddhiH, sAdhyavikalAdidRSTAntadUSaNapariharaNaM samA. : nA, vyAptinA smaraNa mATe dRSTAntavacananI jarUra nathI. "parvato vaddhimAna" evA pratijJAvacana (pakSavacana) thI ja ahIM sAdhya zuM che? teno khyAla AvI jaze ane "parvato dhUmavA" evA hetuvacanathI ahIM hetu kayo che ? teno paNa khyAla AvI jaze. hetu ane sAdhyanI vyAptino nirNaya jene pahelA thayelo che tene pakSavacana ane hetuvacana sAMbhaLIne sAdhya ane hetuno khyAla AvatA ja te be vaccenI pUrvagRhIta vyAptinuM smaraNa avazya thaze. tethI vyAptinA nirNaya mATe ke vyAptinA smaraNa mATe dRSTAntavacana jarUrI nathI. kAraNa ke pakSa-hetudarzanathI (pakSa-hetu batAvavAthI) ja vyAptismaraNa thaI jaze. vaLI, vyAptinA nirNaya ke smaraNa mATe daSTAntavacananI anupayogitAmAM anya paNa eka kAraNa che. pUrve jeNe tarkapramANathI vyAptinirNaya karyo nathI, tene to daSTAntavacana dvArA paNa te thavo zakya nathI. kAraNa ke je hetunuM samarthana karAyuM na hoya tevA hetunuM daSTAnta parapratItimAM kAraNa banI zakatuM nathI. ApaNe pahelA to e jANI laIe ke hetunuM samarthana kone kahevAya? "hetunA asiddhatva-vyabhicArivAdi doSonuM nirAkaraNa karIne sAdhya sAthenI tenI vyAptino nirNaya karavo' e ja hetunuM samarthana kahevAya che. jyAM sudhI hetu asamarthita hoya tyAM sudhI e ja hetunA dRSTAntathI bIjAne vyAptino nirNaya karAvI zakAto nathI. ane jyAre hetunuM samarthana thaze tyAre e samarthita hetu pote vyAtigraha karAvavA samartha banI jAya che mATe hetusamarthana pachI to daSTAntavacanAdi anyathAsiddha banI jAya che. Ama, hetusamarthana pUrve asamartha hovAthI ane hetusamarthana pachI anyathAsiddha banI jatA hovAthI paNa dRSTAntavacanAdinI parArthAnumAnamAM anupayogitA sAbita thAya che. (ahIM mULamAM 'sarthataca vRttAveH padono artha "asamarthita evA daSTAntAdinA' mAtra ATalo ja na karavo. paNa, 'rasamarthitI' pada pachI "heto:' padano adhyAhAra mAnavo.) A rIte heto:' padano adhyAhAra mAnIne pachI 'samarthatI (haito:) MAntA' = "asamarthita evA hetunA dRSTAntAdinA" Avo artha karavo. (samarthitaca padane adhyAhArya "deto' padanuM vizeSaNa mAnavuM) A rIte jo 'deto:' padano adhyAhAra na mAno to pachI AgaLa AvatA "tatsamarthana' padamAM "tatva" padathI hetunuM grahaNa thaI nahIM zake. kAraNa ke tatva' pada pUrvaprakrAntanuM grahaNa karavAnA svabhAvavALuM hovAthI 'ta' padathI 1. kathayati paJcAvayavaM dazadhA vA sarvathA na pratiSiddhamiti /

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145 pramANapariccheda pattimantaM prati ca pakSazuddhyAdikamapIti so'yaM dazAvayavo hetuH paryavasyati / dRSTAntazuddhiH, upanayanigamanayostu zuddhI pramAdAdanyathA kRtayostayoH tatsvarUpeNa vyavasthApake vAkye vijnyeye| prapaJcatastu pakSAdizuddhipaJcakasvarUpaM syAdvAdaratnAkarAdito'vaseyam / liGgaM kevalameva yatra kathayatyeSA jaghanyA kathA, dvyAdInyatra nivedayatyavayavAneSA bhavenmadhyamA / utkRSTA dazabhirbhavedavayavaiH sA jalpitairityamI jainaireva vilokitAH kRtadhiyAM vAde trayaH satpathAH / / (cArA .zno.99) pUrvaprakrAnta "kRSTAntA' padanuM ja grahaNa thaze. paNa e rIte arthasaMgati thatI nathI. kAraNa ke samarthana to hetunuM thAya che, dRSTAntAdinuM nahIM. (granthakAre svayaM "samarthana' padanI vyAkhyA karatA A vAtanI pachInI ja paMktimAM jaNAvI che. juo 'samarthanaM hi deto '... ityAdi.) "heto ' padano adhyAhAra mAnavAthI hetune pUrvaprakrAnta banAvI zakAya che. pachI tatsamarthana = hetusamarthana evo artha karIne saMgati karI zakAya che.) A rIte, granthakAre eTalI vAta nakkara rIte siddha karI che ke mAtra pakSavacana-hetuvacana dvArA ja parAthanumAna zakya hoya to pachI binajarUrI anyavacanono prayoga karavAnI zI jarUra che? arthAt koI jarUra nathI. hA, vAdInA pakSahetuvacanathI badhA ja zrotAone ISTasAdhyanI pratIti thaI ja jAya evo ekAMte niyama nathI. ane mATe ja to dRSTAntavacanAdi sarvatra sarvathA anupayogI che evo ekAMta paNa syAdvAdIo mAnatA nathI. parapratIti rUpa prayojana siddha karavA mATe AvazyakatA anusAra vacanaprayoga karavo ucita che. A ja vAtane granthakAra have spaSTa kare che. koI mandamati zrotA mAtra pakSa-hetuvacanathI ja ISTasAdhyanI pratIti karavA samartha jaNAtA na hoya to tevA zrotA mATe daSTAntavacanAdino prayoga paNa karavo. tAtparya e che ke, chamastha jIvonuM jJAna kSayopazamabhAvanuM hovAthI vyaktionI vicArazakti, samajaNazaktimAM taratamatA to jovA maLavAnI ja. sAdhyanI saMdeharahita-abhrAnta pratIti zrotAne je rIte thAya e rIte zrotAnI kakSA pramANe pratipAdana karavuM e ja parArthAnumAnano vAstavika padArtha che. (1) potAnA vizeSa prakAranA, karmakSayopazamanA prabhAve je pakSavacana vinA ja, mAtra hetuvacanathI ja pakSano paNa nirNaya karI zakato hoya, vyAptigrAhaka evA tarkapramANanuM smaraNa paNa dRSTAntavacana vinA karavAmAM je nipuNa hoya, ane upanaya-nigamana ne paNa je svayaM jANI zakavAmAM samartha hoya evA buddhizALI zrotA mATe mAtra hetuvacanano ja prayoga karavo joIe. (kAraNa ke tenA mATe eTaluM ja paryApta che. "ghUma:' ATaluM ja kahevAthI tene "tasmAt satra niH' evI anumiti thaI jaze. (2) paNa mAtra 'dhUma:' sAMbhaLIne koIne 'tra dhUma:' ? evI AkAMkSA rahetI hoya arthAt pakSano nirNaya jene svataH thaI zakato na hoya to tevA zrotA mATe pakSavacana paNa bolavuM joIe. (3) mAtra pakSa-hetuvacanathI jene vyAptiprakAraka evA tarka pramANanuM smaraNa thaI zake tema lAgatuM na hovAthI evA mandamati pratye tarka smAraka evA dRSTAntavacanano prayoga karavo joIe. ("smRti' arthavALA dhAtunA yoge tenA karmane SaSThI vibhakti lAge evA anuzAsanathI "pramANa' padane SaSThIvibhakti lAgI che.) (4) dRSTAntavacanathI vyAptisAdhaka tarkanuM smaraNa thavA chatA paNa je mandamatine tarkasmaraNa vyAptismaraNa thavA chatAM paNa pakSamAM hetunuM joDANa karI zake evuM lAgatuM na hoya tevA zrotA mATe upanayavAkya (dhUmavAvAyam)

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146 jaina takabhASA sa cAyaM dvividhaH - vidhirUpaH pratiSedhalpazca / tatra vidhilpo dvividhA-vidhisAdhaka:pratiSedhasAdhakazca / tatrAdyaH SoDhA, tadyathA-kazcidvyApya eva, yathA zabdo'nityaH prayatnanAntarIyakatvAditi / yadyapi vyApyo hetuH sarva eva, tathApi kAryAdhanAtmakavyApyasyAtra grahaNAbhedaH, vRkSaH ziMzapAyA ityAderapyatraivAntarbhAvaH / kazcitkAryarUpaH, yathA parvato'yamagnimAna dhUmavattvAnyathAnupapatterityatra dhUmaH, dhUmo hyagneH kAryabhUtaH tadabhAve'nupapadyamAno'gniM gamayati / nanu kAryaM hi kAraNanAntarIyakatayA kAraNena vyAptaM bhavet na tu kAraNamapi kAryeNa vyAptaM, kvacit kAraNasadbhAve'pi kAraNAntarAbhAvaprayuktasya pratibandhakasadbhAvaprayuktasya vA kAryAbhAvasya darzanAt / ata eva kAryaliGgakamanumAnamanumataM anumAnatraividhya iti kathaM kAraNaM kAryagamakaM bhavedityAzaGkate 'nanu' ityAdinA / paNa kahevuM joIe. (5) dRSTAntakathana pachI upanaya ghaTAvI ApavA chatA paNa koI atimandamatine mATe kaMIka khuTatuM dekhAya to chevaTe "tasmA parvato vartamAna' evuM nigamanavAkya (niSkarSa) paNa zabdazaH kahI devuM. kadAca koI zrotA pakSa-hetu AdinA svarUpa aMge viparIta mAnyatA dharAvato hoya to tenA mATe pakSazuddhivacana, hetuzuddhivacana vagere anya pAMca vAkyo paNa kahevA Avazyaka che. A rIte to parArthAnumAnamAM hetunA daza avayavo (vAkyo) paNa saMbhave che. (pakSAdivacananI jema avasare pakSAdinI zuddhi paNa jaNAvavAnI kahI, temAM pakSAdinI zuddhi vize syAdvAda ratnAkaranA 6ThThA paricchedamAM vistArathI nirUpaNa karAyuM che. vizeSa jijJAsuone te sthaLe joI levA bhalAmaNa che.) * hetu vibhAga : vidhisAdhaka vidhirUpa hetunA 6 prakara * hetunuM svarUpa jaNAvAI gayuM che. have tenA prakAro jaNAve che. hetunA mukhya be prakAra che. vidhirUpa ane pratiSadharUpa. vidhirUpa hetunA punaH be prakAra che. vidhisAdhaka evA vidhirUpa hetu ane pratiSedhasAdhaka evA vidhirUpa hatu. temAMthI je vidhisAdhaka che tenA cha prakAra che. granthakAra te darekane udAharaNa sahita jaNAve che. (1) vyApyahetuH sva-sAdhya(vyApaka)no je vyApya hoya che. dA.ta. zabda anitya che, kAraNa ke prayatnane avinAbhAvI che. ahIM prayatnanAntarIyakatva hetu anityatvane vyApya che. zaMkA. : je be dharmo vacce vyApya-vyApakabhAva hoya te be dharmo vacce to vyAtigraha thAya che. dareka hetu sAdhyane vyApya to hoya ja che. to ahIM navuM zuM kIdhuM ? samA. dareka hetu vyApya to hoya ja che chatAM paNa vyApyahetu pachI AgaLa kAryakSetu, kAraNahetu vagere bhedo jaNAvAnA che tethI phalita thAya che ke ahIM "vyApya' zabdano prasiddha pAribhASika artha na levo paNa evo artha karavo ke je hetu kArya, kAraNAdi vakSyamANa svarUpano na hovA chatAM vyApya hoya evA hetunuM ja ahIM vyApyahetu tarIke grahaNa thAya che ema jANavuM. Ane svabhAvahetu paNa kahevAya che. tethI "A vRkSa che, kAraNa ke zizapA (vRkSavizeSa) che' ityAdi hetuono paNa ahIM ja samAveza thAya che. (2) kAryakSetu : keTalAka sthaLe kArya uparathI kAraNanuM anumAna karAya che. AvA sthaLe kArya pote hetu

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pramANapariccheda 147 kazcitkAraNarUpaH, yathA vRSTirbhaviSyati, viziSTameghAnyathAnupapatterityatra meghavizeSaH, sa hi varSasya kAraNaM svakAryabhUtaM varSaM gamayati / nanu kAryAbhAve'pi sambhavat kAraNaM na kAryAnumApakam, ata eva na vahnidhUmaM gamayatIti cet; satyam; yasminsAmarthyApratibandhaH kAraNAntarasAkalyaM ca nizcetuM zakyate, tasyaiva kAraNasya kAryAnumApakatvAt / kazcit pUrvacaraH, yathA udeSyati zakaTaM kRttikodayAnyathAnupapatterityatra kRttikodayAnantaraM muhUrtAnte niyamena zakaTodayo jAyata iti kRttikodayaH pUrvacaro hetuH zakaTodayaM gamayati / kazcit uttaracaraH, samAdhatte 'satyami'tyAdinA / itthaM ca phalopadhAyakameva kAraNamatra gamakatveneSTaM na tu svarUpayogyamapIti nAnaikAntikatA'vakAzaH / bane che. dA.ta. parvata agnivALo che, anyathA e dhUmavALo na hoI zake. ahIM dhUma e agninuM kArya hovAthI svakAraNabhUta agni vinA anupapanna banI jAya. tethI dhUma pote agninuM anumAna karAve che. kArya parathI thatAM anumAnane kAryaliMgaka anumAna paNa kahevAya che. (3) kAraNahetu : keTalAka sthaLe kAraNa e hetu (liMga) banIne kAryano anumApaka bane che. jema ke AkAzamAM vAdaLa dekhAtA ja koIne evI anumiti thAya ke "vRSTi thaze, anyathA AvA kALA DibAMga vAdaLo na hoI zake. AvA viziSTa prakAranA megha e kAraNa hovAthI potAnA kAryabhUta vRSTinI anumiti karAvI de che. zaMkA. : kArya hoya tyAM kAraNa hoya ja. tethI kArya hajI kAraNano anumApaka bane paraMtu kAraNa hoya tyAM kArya hoya ja evo niyama nathI tethI kAraNane kAryano anumApaka zI rIte mAnI zakAya ? jema ke daMDa e ghaTanuM kAraNa che paNa jeTalA daMDa che te badhAthI ghaTotpatti thAya ja evo koI niyama nathI. kArya cokkasapaNe kAraNane avyabhicArI che. paraMtu kAraNa, kAryane avyabhicArI ja hoya evuM nathI kAraNa ke keTalAka kAraNo mAtra svarUpayogya ja hoya che je anya kAraNasAmagrInI vikalatAnA kAraNe kyAreya phalopadhAyaka na bane evuM paNa banI zake che. (jema ke araNyastha daMDa) ane mATe ja to (dhUma e agnino anumApaka banato hovA chatAM) agni e dhUmano anumApaka banI zakato nathI kAraNa ke tama ayogolakamAM vyabhicAra Ave. mATe kAraNane kAryAnumApaka mAnIne bahetu' kahI devAmAM jokhama jaNAya che. samA. : tamArI vAta sAcI che. je kAraNamAM "kAryane utpanna karavAnuM sAmarthya apratihata che (pratibaMdhita nathI) ane te kAraNane anya sakala sahakArI kAraNonuM sannidhAna paNa maLI gayuM che' A be nizcaya thaI zake te kAraNa ja svakAryano anumApaka banI zake che. (eTale ke ahIM mAtra phalopadhAyaka kAraNane ja kAraNahetu kahyo che.) (4) pUrvacara hetu : dA.ta. - "have zakaTa nakSatra no udaya thaze, kAraNa ke kRttikA nakSatrano udaya thaI gayo che." kRttikAnA udaya pachI eka muhUrtamAM ja avazya zakaTodaya thAya evo niyama hovAthI kRttikodaya svaanaMtarabhAvI evA zakaTodayano anumApaka hetu bane che. (jema koI rathayAtrAmAM IndradhajA nIkaLe

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148 jaina tarkabhASA yathodagAdbharaNiH prAk, kRttikodayAdityatra kRttikodayaH, kRttikodayo hi bharaNyudayottaracarastaM gamayatIti kAlavyavadhAnenAnayoH kAryakAraNAbhyAM bhedaH / kazcit sahacaraH, yathA mAtuliGgaM rUpavadbhavitumarhati rasavattAnyathAnupapatterityatra rasaH, raso hi niyamena rUpasahacaritaH, tadabhAve'nupapadyamAnastadgamayati, parasparasvarUpaparityAgopalambha-paurvAparyAbhAvAbhyAM svabhAvakAryakAraNe ___ 'raso hi niyamene'ti - tathA ca tattvArthasUtraM 'sparzarasagandhavarNavantaH pudgalAH' (5/23) / nanu rUparasAdikaM ca vastusvabhAvAtmakatvena svabhAvahetAvevAntarbhavediti sahacarahetoratiriktatvakalpanA na nyAyyeti ve, 1, parasparasvarUpaparityAronopana mAt | yathA gha "zaddhaH nitya tatvatti', 'yaM vRkSa: zizapaatvaat' ityAdau kRtakatvAdehetoH svarUpAtmakatve'pi na parasparasvarUpaparityAgenopalambho yataH prAgabhAve'nityatvasya sattve'pi kRtakatvAyogAt, vRkSAntare vRkSatvasya sattve'pi ziMzapAtvasyA'yogAna tatra samavyApyavyApakabhAvaH, sahacarahetau tu samaniyatA vyaaptirbhyupeyte| tathA ca rUpeNa rasa iva rasena rUpamapi vyAptamiti svabhAvAdasya to tene joIne "bhagavAnano ratha Avato lAge che." evuM anumAna thAya che. ahIM IndradhajA e pUrvacara hetu bane che.) (5) uttaracara hetu : dA.ta. "bharaNI nakSatrano udaya thaI gayo hato, kAraNa ke atyAre kRttikAno udaya che." kRttikodaya, bharaNInA udaya pachI ja thato hovAthI kRttikAno udaya e bharaNInA udaya mATe uttaracara bane che ane svapUrvabhAvI evA bharaNInA udayano anumApaka hetu bane che. (jema ke rathane jovAthI Indradhvaja AgaLa gayo hovAnuM anumAna thAya. ahIM ratha e uttaracara hetu bane che.) prazna : pUrvacara-uttaracara hetuono kArya-kAraNa hetumAM samAveza thaI zake che, pachI tene pRthapha zA mATe kahyA ? uttara : kArya-kAraNabhAva avyavadhAnaghaTita hoya che jyAre ahIM to muhUrta jeTalA kALanuM vyavadhAna paDe che. tethI kArya-kAraNa hetu karatA pUrvacara-uttaracara hetu judA che. (6) sahacara hetu : sAdhyanI sAthe ja rahenAro hetu sahacara hetu kahevAya che. dA.ta. "bijorUM rUpavALuM hovuM joIe, kAraNa ke te rasavALuM che." rasa niyamathI rUpasahacarita ja hoya che. vastu jo rUpavALI na hoya to rasavALI paNa na hoI zake. tethI rUpa vinA anupapanna banato rasa svasahacArI evA rUpano anumApaka bane che. jainadarzana pramANe dareka pudgalo rUpa, rasa, gaMdha, sparzathI yukta ja hoya che. tattvArthAdhigamasUtramAM kahyuM che - parasandhavarNavantaH puna: (0/23). tethI rUpanI anumiti karAvanAra rasa sahacara hetu kahevAya che. zaMkA. : rasa e to vastuno svabhAva kahevAya tethI svabhAvahetumAM Ano samAveza thaI zake che. samA. : rUpa ane rasa banne parasparanA svarUpanA parityAgathI rahelA dekhAya che tethI svabhAva hetumAM A sahacara hetuno samAveza thaI zakato nathI. jema, anityatva (=sAdhya) ane prayatnanAntarIyatva ( hetu) (athavA vRkSatvarUpa sAdhya ane zizapAtvarUpa hetu) e banne paNa che to zabda ke vRkSAdirUpa pakSanA ja svarUpo. tema chatAM temAM paraspara svarUpatyAgano upalaMbha thato nathI. prayatnanAntarIyakatva na hoya to

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pramANapariccheda 149 bhyo'sya bhedaH / eteSUdAharaNeSu bhAvarUpAnevAgnyAdIn sAdhayanti dhUmAdayo hetavo bhAvarUpA eveti vidhisAdhakavidhilpAsta evAviruddhopalabdhaya ityucyante / ____ dvitIyastu niSedhasAdhako viruddhopalabdhinAmA / sa ca svabhAvaviruddhatadvyApyAdyupalabdhibhedAt saptadhA / yathA nAstyeva sarvathA ekAntaH, anekAntasyopalambhAt / nAstyasya tattvanizcayaH, tatra sandehAt / nAstyasya krodhopazAntiH, vadanavikArAdeH / nAstyasyAsatyaM vacaH, raagaadyklngkitjnyaanklittvaat| nodgamiSyati muhUrtAnte puSyatArA, rohiNyudgamAt / nodagAnmuhUrtAtpUrvaM mRgaziraH, pUrvaphAlgunyudayAt / nAstyasya mithyAjJAnaM, samyagdarzanAditi / bhedaH / ekasattve'parasya sattvamekAsattve'nyasyAsattvamityanyonyaM samatayA yatra vyAptistatraivAyaM heturiti bhAvaH / anityavasvarUpa paNa na ja hoya evuM nathI. jema ke prAgabhAvamAM prayatnanAntarIyakatva na hovA chatAM paNa anityatva che. vignasA pariNAmomAM paNa AvuM ja che. jayAre sahacara hetumAM to rUpa na hoya to rasa paNa na ja hoya, rasa na hoya to rUpa paNa na ja hoya. Ano artha e thayo ke sahacara hetumAM, hetu-sAdhya vacce samaniyata vyApti (=samavyApyavyApakabhAva) hoya che. eTale ke sAdhya-hetu banne parasparanA vyApya paNa hoya ane vyApaka paNa hoya. vaLI, rUpa-rasa bannenuM astitva samAnakALa hoya che mATe te banne vacce pUrvAparabhAva paNa nathI. ane mATe ja kArya hatu ke kAraNahetumAM paNa teno aMtarbhAva karavo zakya nathI. karANa ke, kAryakAraNabhAva to pUrvAparakAlabhAvI be padArtho vacce ja hoI zake. AthI sahacara hetu svataMtra siddha thAya che. uparokta A badhA udAharaNomAM agni vagere padArthonA sadbhAvane ja siddha karAya che. vaLI, tenI siddhi karanArA dhUma vagere hetuo paNa svayaM bhAvAtmaka che, abhAvAtmaka nathI. tethI A badhA vidhisAdhakavidhirUpa hetuo che. eTale ke ahI sAdhya ane hetuo banne bhAvAtmaka hoya che. A hetuone ja aviruddhopalabdhi hetu paNa kahevAya che. jela niSedhasAdhaka vidhirUpa hetunA 7 prakara * vidhisAdhaka hetuno pahelo bheda jaNAvIne have teno bIjo bheda jaNAve che. ahIM paNa hetu to vidhirUpa (bhAvAtmaka) ja rahevAno. paNa tenAthI siddha thanArUM sAdhya abhAvAtmaka hoya che. AvA niSedhasAdhaka vidhirUpa hetu viruddhopalabdhirUpa hoya che. sAdhyamAM jeno niSedha hoya tenA (= niSedhyanA) svabhAvathI viruddha evA svabhAvanI upalabdhi e hetu bane tyAre tene svabhAvaviruddhopalabdhirUpa hetu kahevAya che. AvI ja rIte pratiSedhyanA vyApya, vyApaka AdithI viruddha (= avyAkha, avyApaka AdinI) upalabdhi paNa hetu bane che. te badhAno hetunA A vibhAgamAM (niSedhasAdhaka vidhirUpahetu vibhAgamAM) samAveza thAya che. A vibhAganA hetuonA sAta prakAra che. tene kramazaH udAharaNapUrvaka granthakAra jaNAve che. (1) pratiSedhyasvabhAvaviruddhopalabdhi = pratiSedhya evA svabhAvathI viruddha svabhAvanI upalabdhi thAya tyAre te hetu banIne pelA pratiSedhyasvabhAvanA abhAvane siddha karI de che. dA.ta. sarvathA ekAnta kyAMya

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jaina tarkabhASA atrAnekAntaH pratiSedhyasyaikAntasya svabhAvato viruddhaH / tattvasandehazca pratiSedhyatattvanizcayaviruddha tadanizcayavyApyaH / vadanavikArAdizca krodhopazamaviruddhatadanupazamakAryam / rAgAdyakalaGkitajJAnakalitatvaM cAsatyaviruddhasatyakAraNam / rohiNyudgamazca puSyatArodgamaviruddhamRgazIrSodayapUrvacaraH / pUrvaphalgunyudayazca mRgazIrSodayaviruddhamaghodayottaracaraH / samyagdarzanaM ca mithyAjJAnaviruddhasamyajJAnasahacaramiti / 150 nathI, kAraNa ke anekAntanI upalabdhi (sarvatra) thAya che. ahIM anekAnta, pratiSedhya evA ekAntane mATe svabhAvathI viruddha che tethI anekAntanI upalabdhi e svabhAvaviruddhopalabdhi hetu banIne svasvabhAvathI viruddha svabhAvavALA ekAntanA abhAvano anumApaka bane che. (2) pratiSedhyaviruddhavyApyopalabdhi H pratiSedhyathI viruddha padArthanA vyApyanI upalabdhi thAya tyAre te potAnA vyApakanI (pratiSedhyanA abhAvanI) siddhi karI Apaze. dA.ta. 'Ane tattvanirNaya thayo nathI, kAraNa ke tene tattvamAM saMdeha che (evuM jaNAya che.)' ahIM pratiSedhya che tattvanirNaya, tene viruddha che tattvAnirNaya, teno vyApya che tattvasaMdeha. tattvasaMdehanI upalabdhi ahIM hetu banIne potAne vyApaka evA tattvAnirNayanI anumiti karAvaze. (3) pratiSaviruddhakAryopalabdhi hetu : pratiSedhyathI viruddha je hoya, tenA kAryanI upalabdhi thAya tyAre te pratiSedhyanA abhAvanI siddhi karI Apaze. dA.ta. Ane krodhazAMti thaI nathI, kAraNa ke mukha para vikRti hajI jovA maLe che. ahIM pratiSedhya che krodhopazama, tenAthI viruddha che krodhAnupazama, krodhAnupazamanuM kArya vadanavikArAdi upalabdha thAya che. tenI upalabdhi hetu banIne krodhopazamAbhAvanI anumApaka bane che. (4) pratiSedhyaviruddhakAraNopalabdhi hetu : pratiSedhyathI viruddha je padArtha hoya tenA kAraNanI upalabdhi thAya tyAre te pratiSedhyanA abhAvanI siddhi karI Apaze. dA.ta. 'A asatya vacana na bole, kAraNa ke te rAgAdithI akalaMkita evA jJAnathI yukta che.' ahIM pratiSedhya che asatyavacana, tenAthI viruddha che satyavacana, satyavacananuM kAraNa che nirmaLa jJAnayuktatva, te upalabdha thAya che. tethI e hetu asatyavacanAbhAvano anumApaka bane che. (5) pratiSaviruddhapUrvacaropalabdhi hetuH pratiSadhyathI viruddha je padArtha hoya, tenA pUrvacaranI upalabdhi thAya tyAre te pratiSedhyanA abhAvanI siddhi karI Apaze. dA.ta. 'mUhUrtane aMte puSyatArAno udaya nahIM thAya kAraNa ke rohiNIno udaya thayelo che.' rohiNInA udaya pachI eka muhUrta pachI mRgazIrSa nakSatrano udaya thAya evo niyama che. ahIM pratiSedhya che puSyatArAno udaya, tenAthI viruddha mRgazIrSodaya, teno pUrvacara che rohiNI udaya, tenI upalabdhi e hetu banIne puSyatArA udayAbhAvanuM anumAna karAve che. (6) pratiSedhyaviruddhottaracaropalabdhi hetu : pratiSedhyathI viruddha je padArtha hoya tenA uttaracaranI upalabdhi thAya tyAre te pratiSedhyanA abhAvanI siddhi karI Apaze. dA.ta. 'eka muhUrta pUrve mRgazIrSano udaya nahoto, kAraNa ke atyAre pUrvaphAlgunino udaya che. pUrvaphAlgunino udaya, maghAnA udaya pachI thAya che evo niyama che. ahIM pratiSedhya che mRgazIrSodaya, tenAthI viruddha che madhodaya, tenA uttaracara che pUrvaphAlguni udaya,

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pramANapariccheda 151 pratiSedharUpo'pi heturdvividhaH-vidhisAdhakaH pratiSedhasAdhakazceti / Adyo viruddhAnupalabdhinAmA vidheyaviruddhakAryakAraNasvabhAvavyApakasahacarAnupalambhabhedAtpaJcadhA / yathA astyatra rogAtizayaH, nIrogavyApArAnupalabdheH / vidyate'tra kaSTam, iSTasaMyogAbhAvAt / vastujAtamanekAntAtmakam, ekAntasvabhAvAnupalambhAt / astyatra cchAyA, auSNyAnupalabdheH / astyasya mithyAjJAnam, samyagdarzanAnupalabdheriti / tenI upalabdhi e hetu banIne muhUrta pUrvenA mRgazIrSodayAbhAvanuM anumAna karAve che. (7) pratiSedhyaviruddhasahacaropalabdhi hetuH pratiSedhyathI viruddha je padArtha hoya tenA sahacaranI upalabdhi thAya tyAre te pratiSedhyanA abhAvanI siddhi karI Apaze. dA.ta. "Ane mithyAjJAna nathI, kAraNa ke te samyagdarzanayukta che' samyagdarzana ane samyajJAna banne samaniyata hoya che. ahIM pratiSedhya che mithyAjJAna, tenAthI viruddha che samyajJAna, teno sahacara che samyagdarzana, tenI upalabdhi e hetu bane che. tenAthI mithyAjJAnanA abhAvanuM anumAna thAya che. A rIte niSedhasAdhakavidhirUpa (viruddhopalabdhirUpa) hetuonA sAta prakAra che. vidhisAdhaka niSedharUpa hetunA 5 prakSara vidhirUpa hetu bAda have kramazaH niSedharUpa hetunA bheda-prabhedanuM nirUpaNa kare che. niSedharUpa hetu eTale abhAvAtmaka hetu. tenA be bheda che. keTalAka bhAvasAdhaka che, keTalAka abhAvasAdhaka che. bhAvasAdhaka hetu viruddhAnupalabdhirUpa hoya che. tenA pAMca prakAra che. te darekane kramazaH udAharaNapUrvaka jaNAve che - (1) vidheyaviruddhakAryAnupalabdhi hetu: vidheya(sAdhya) thI viruddha je padArtha hoya tenA kAryanI anupalabdhi hoya tyAre te hetu banIne vidheyanI sattA siddha karI Apaze. dA.ta. "A mANasamAM prabaLa roga che, kAraNa ke (tenAmAM) nIrogI purUSano vyApAra dekhAto nathI." ahIM sAdhya che, rogatizaya, tenAthI viruddha che nIrogI avasthA, tenuM kArya nIrogI vyApAra, tenI anupalabdhi che. A anupalabdhi hetu banIne rogatizayano anumApaka bane che. (2) vidheyaviruddhakAraNAnupalabdhi hetuH vidheyathI viruddha je padArtha hoya, tenA kAraNanI anupalabdhi hetu banIne sAdhyAnamApaka bane che. dA.ta. "A mANasane kaSTa hovuM joIe, kAraNa ke tene hajI ISTa vastuno saMyoga thayo nathI. ahIM sAdhya che kaSTa, tenAthI viruddha che sukha, tenA kAraNabhUta che ISTasaMyoga, tenI anupalabdhi e hetu bane che ane tenAthI kaSTanuM anumAna karAya che. (3) vidheyaviruddhasvabhAvAnupalabdhi hetu : vidheyathI viruddha evA svabhAvanI anupalabdhithI sAvyAnumiti thAya che. dA.ta. "jagatano vastusamUha anekAntAtmaka che, kAraNa ke kyAMya ekAnta (nityasvAdi) svabhAva jovA maLato nathI.' ahIM sAdhya che anekAntasvabhAva, tenAthI viruddha svabhAva che ekAntAtmakatA, tenI anupalabdhi e hetu bane che ane tenAthI anekAntAtmakatAnI anumati karAya che. (4) vidheyaviruddhavyApakAnupalabdhi hetuH vidheyathI viruddha padArthanA vyApakanI anupalabdhi hetu banIne vidheyanI siddhi karI Ape che. dA.ta. "ahIM chAyA che, kAraNa ke uSNatA jaNAtI nathI. ahIM sAdhya

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15ra jaina tarkabhASA dvitIyo'viruddhAnupalabdhinAmA pratiSedhyAviruddhasvabhAvavyApakakAryakAraNapUrvacarottaracarasahacarAnupalabdhibhedAt saptadhA / yathA nAstyatra bhUtale kumbhaH, upalabdhilakSaNaprAptasya tatsvabhAvasyAnupalambhAt / nAstyatra panasaH, pAdapAnupalabdheH / nAstyatrApratihatazaktikam bIjam, aGkurAnavalokanAt / na santyasya prazamaprabhRtayo bhAvAH, tattvArthazraddhAnAbhAvAt / nodgamiSyati muhUrtAnte svAtiH, citrodayAdarzanAt / nodagamatpUrvabhadrapadA muhUrtAtpUrvam, uttarabhadrapadodgamAnavagamAt / nAstyatra samyagjJAnam, samyagdarzanAnupalabdheriti / so'yamanekavidho'nyathAnupapattyekalakSaNo heturukto'to'nyo hetvAbhAsaH / che chAyA, tenAthI viruddha che taDako, tene vyApaka che uSNatA, tenI anupalabdhi e hetu bane che ane tenAthI chAyAnuM anumAna karAya che. (5) vidheyaviruddhasahacarAnupalabdhi hetuH vidheyathI viruddha padArthanA sahacaranI anupalabdhi hetu banIne sAdhyasiddhi karI Ape che. dA.ta. "Ane mithyAjJAna che, kAraNa ke samyagdarzana jaNAtuM nathI. ahIM sAdhya che mithyAjJAna, tenAthI viruddha che samyajJAna, tenuM sahacara che samyagdarzana, tenI anupalabdhi e hetu che ane tenAthI mithyAjJAnanI anumiti karAya che. ka niSedhasAdhaka niSedharUpa hetunA 7 prakara * pratiSedhasAdhaka hetunA vidhirUpa ane niSedharUpa evA je be bheda batAvyA temAMthI pAMca prakAranA vidhirUpa hetuonuM nirUpaNa karIne pachI have niSedharUpa hetuonuM nirUpaNa kare che. tenA sAta prakAra che, te darekanuM udAharaNa pUrvaka nirUpaNa kare che. (1) pratiSedhyAviruddhasvabhAvAnupalabdhi hetu : pratiSedhyathI aviruddha evA svabhAvanI anupalabdhi hetu banIne pratiSedhya (sAdhyasiddhi) karI Ape che. dA.ta. "ahIM bhUtala para kuMbha nathI, kAraNa ke upalabdhinI yogyatAvALo hovA chatA ya kuMbhanuM (pRthubunodarAkArAdi) svarUpa upalabdha thatuM nathI. ahIM pratiSedhya che ghaTa, tenAthI aviruddha che teno svabhAva = pRthubuddhodarAkArAdi, tenI anupalabdhi e hetu che ane tenAthI ghaTAbhAva (ghaTaniSedha) nuM anumAna karAya che. (2) pratiSedhyAviruddhavyApakAnupalabdhi hetuH pratiSedhyathI aviruddha evA vyApakanI anupalabdhi hetu banIne sAdhyasiddhi karI Ape che. dA.ta. "ahIM panasa nathI, kAraNa ke vRkSa dekhAtuM nathI. ahIM pratiSedhya panasa, tene aviruddha evuM vyApaka che vRkSa, tenI anupalabdhi e hetu bane che ane tenAthI panasAbhAvanuM anumAna karAya che. (3) pratiSedhyAviruddhakaryAnupalabdhi hetuH pratiSedhyathI aviruddha evA kAryanI anupalabdhi hetu banIne sAdhyasiddhi karI Ape che. dA.ta. "akura utpanna karavAnI apratihata zaktivALuM bIja ahIM nathI, kAraNa ke aMkuro dekhAto nathI.' ahIM pratiSedhya che samartha bIja, tene aviruddha kArya che aMkura, tenI anupalabdhi e hetu bane che ane tenAthI samarthabIjanA abhAvanuM anumAna karAya che.

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pramANapariccheda 153 sa tredhA-asiddhaviruddhAnaikAntikabhedAt / tatrApratIyamAnasvarUpo heturasiddhiH / svarUpApratItizcAjJAnAtsandehAdviparyayAdvA / sa dvividhA-ubhayAsiddho'nyatarAsiddhazca / Ayo yathA zabdaH pariNAmI cAkSuSatvAditi / dvitIyo yathA acetanAstaravaH vijJAnendriyAyurnirodhalakSaNamaraNarahitatvAt, acetanAH sukhAdayaH utpattimattvAditi vA / / (4) pratiSedhyAviruddhakAraNAnupalabdhi hetu : pratiSedhyanI aviruddha evA kAraNanI anupalabdhi hetu banIne sAdhyasiddhi karAve che. dA.ta. "Ane prazamAdi bhAvo nathI, kAraNa ke tenAmAM tattvArthanI zraddhA jaNAtI nathI. ahIM pratiSedhya che prazamAdi bhAvo, tenuM aviruddha kAraNa che tattvArthazraddhAna (samyagdarzana), tenI anupalabdhi e hetu bane che ane tenAthI prazamAdinA abhAvanuM anumAna karAya che. (5) pratiSedhyAviruddhapUrvacarAnupalabdhi hetu : pratiSedhyane aviruddha evA pUrvacaranI anupalabdhi hetu banIne sAdhyasiddhi Ape che. dA.ta. "muhUrtanA aMte svAti nakSatrano udaya nahIM thAya, kAraNa ke atyAre citrA nakSatrano udaya nathI." citrodaya pachI muhUrtAnta svAtino udaya thAya che. ahIM pratiSedhya che svAtino udaya, teno aviruddha pUrvacara che citrodaya, tenI anupalabdhi (abhAva) e hetu bane che ane tenAthI muhUrtAnta svAti udayAbhAvanI anumiti karAya che. (6) pratiSedhyAviruddhottaracarAnupalabdhi hetuH pratiSedhyathI aviruddha evA uttaracaranI anupalabdhi hetu banIne sAdhyasiddhi karI Ape che. dA.ta. "muhUrta pUrve pUrvabhadrapadA nakSatrano udaya nahoto, kAraNa ke atyAre uttarabhadrapadAno udaya nathI. pUrvabhadrapadA pachI uttarabhadrapadAno udaya thAya. ahIM pratiSedhya che muhUrta pUrve pUrvabhadrapadAno udaya, teno aviruddha uttaracara che uttarabhAdrapadAno udaya, tenI anupalabdhi (abhAva) e hetu bane che ane tenAthI muhUrta pUrve pUrvabhadrapadAnA udayanA abhAvanI anumiti karAya che. (7) pratiSedhyAviruddhasahacarAnupalabdhi hetu : pratiSedhyathI aviruddha evA sahacaranI anupalabdhi hetu banIne sAdhyasiddhi karI Ape che. dA.ta. "Ane samyajJAna nathI, kAraNa ke samyagdarzana jaNAtuM nathI." ahIM pratiSedhya che samyajJAna, ane tenAthI samyajJAnAbhAvanI anumati karAya che. A rIte, pratiSedhasAdhaka pratiSedharUpa hetunA sAta prakAronuM paNa udAharaNa sahita nirUpaNa karyuM. Ama, anyathAnupapatti rUpa eka ja lakSaNa (svarUpa) vALA hetunA judI rIte judA judA aneka prakAro batAvyA. te badhA svasAdhyasAdhaka hovAthI hetu bane che. svasAdhyanI siddhi karI na zake te hetvAbhAsa kahevAya che. 9 hetvAbhAsa - prarUpaNA 9 saddhatunuM lakSaNa, prakArAdi dvArA nirUpaNa karIne have asatunuM nirUpaNa kare che. saddhatunuM nizcitA thAnupamattikatvarUpa lakSaNa batAvyuM, enAthI ja asaddhatunuM anizcitA thAnu parikatva svarUpa phalita thaI jAya che mATe tenuM svarUpa na jaNAvatA sIdhA tenA prakAro ja jaNAve che. hetvAbhAsanA traNa prakAra che (1) asiddha (2) viruddha (3) anaikAntika (vyabhicArI) (1) asiddha hetvAbhAsa : je hetunuM svarUpa ja apratIyamAna hoya tene asiddha kahevAya. hetunA svarUpanI pratIti na thavAmAM traNa kAraNo hoI zake che. kyAMka svarUpanuM jJAna na hoya, kyAMka tenA svarUpa

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154 jaina tarkabhASA nanvanyatarAsiddho hetvAbhAsa eva nAsti, tathAhi-pareNAsiddha ityudbhAvite yadi vAdI na tatsAdhakaM pramANamAcakSIta, tadA pramANAbhAvAdubhayorapyasiddhaH / athAcakSIta tadA pramANasyApakSapAtitvAdubhayorapi siddhaH / atha yAvanna paraM prati pramANena prasAdhyate, tAvattaM pratyasiddha iti cet, gauNaM tadyasiddhatvam, na hi ratnAdipadArthastattvato'pratIyamAnastAvantamapi kAlaM nigrahAntatvAdvAdasyeti - pratijJAvirodhapratijJAsaMnyAsAdidvAviMzatinigrahasthAnAnAM madhye hetvAbhAsasyApi nigrahasthAnatvena parigaNanAt, tadavAptito vAdI nigRhIto bhavati, atastatparihArArthaM na tatra pramANopanyAsaM kartumarhati, nigrahAntatvAdvAdasya, anyathA parAparavicAradhArApravRttito'navasthAnAt kathAntameva na ko'pi gacchediti jayaparAjayavyavasthaivocchidyeta / uttarayati 'atrocyate' ityAdinA - ayambhAvaH yadi ca vAdI svopanyastahetoH samyagghetutvaM jAnAnaH san, prativAdinA svA''gamAsiddhatayA'svIkRtasyApi tasya hetoH vize saMzaya hoya, athavA kyAMka tenA svarUpa vize viparyaya thayelo hoya. A traNamAMthI koI paNa kAraNe hetunA svarUpanI apratIti hoI zake che. A asiddha hetvAbhAsanA be bheda che. (1) ubhayAsiddha H je hetu vAdI-prativAdI bannene asiddha hoya tevo hetu. dA.ta. zabda pariNAmI che kAraNa ke te cAkSuSapratyakSano viSaya bane che. zabda zrAvya hovAthI temAM cAkSuSatva vAdI-prativAdI bannene asiddha che. (2) anyatarAsiddhaH vAdIprativAdI bemAMthI koI paNa ekane asiddha hoya tevo hetu. dA.ta. vRkSo acetana che kAraNa ke jJAnanirodha, Indriyanirodha ane AyuSyanirodharUpa maraNathI teo rahita che. bauddho jainonI sAme Avo anumAna prayoga kare to jainone (prativAdIne) A hetu asiddha banI jAya kAraNa ke jaino to vRkSAdirUpa vanaspatine paNa ekendriya jIvarUpa mAne che tethI vRkSAdimAM jJAna-Indriya-AyuSya nirodha (pUrNAhUti) rUpa maraNane mAne che. A prativAdI asiddha anyatarAsiddha hetvAbhAsa batAvyo. have vAdI asiddha anyatarAsiddha hetvAbhAsanuM udAharaNa Ape che. dA.ta. "sukhAdi acetana che kAraNa ke te utpanna thAya che." sAMkhyo jainonI sAme Avo anumAna prayoga kare to A hetu sAMkhyone (=vAdIne) ja asiddha che kAraNa ke sAMkhyo to satkAryavAdI che. temanA mate to koI vastunA utpatti ke nAza thatA ja nathI. dareka vastu potapotAnA kAraNamAM rahelI ja hoya che. mAtra AvirbhAva-tirobhAva thAya che. Ama, "utpattimattva' hetu sAMkhyone ja asiddha hovAthI vAdI asiddha anyatarAsiddha kahevAya. Ano phalitArtha e thayo ke hetu ubhayasiddha ja hovo joIe. * anyatarasiddhamAM hetvAbhAsatAnI siddhi pUrvapakSa : are ! anyatarAsiddha hetune te vaLI kAMI hetvAbhAsa kahevAto haze ! te hetvAbhAsa banI zake tema ja nathI. prativAdI hetune asiddha jAhera kare ane te vakhate vAdI te hetune siddha karatuM pramANa na ApI zake to pramANAbhAva kAraNe hetu ubhayAsiddha ja banI jaze (anyatarAsiddha raheze ja nahIM) ane, prativAdIe hetune asiddha jAhera karyA bAda vAdI hetune siddha karatuM sacoTa pramANa raju kare to to pachI je vastu pramANasiddha hoya te vastune svIkAravI ja rahI kAraNa ke pramANa koInA pakSamAM besatuM nathI. vyaktie ja pramANanA pakSe rahevuM joIe. tethI te hetu ubhayane siddha ja thaI jaze. have tame

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pramANapariccheda 155 mukhyatayA tadAbhAsa: / kiJca, anyatarAsiddho yadA hetvAbhAsastadA vAdI nigRhIta: syAt, na ca nigRhItasya pazcAdanigraha iti yuktam / nApi hetusamarthanaM pazcAdyuktam, nigrahAntatvAdvAdasyeti / atrocyate-yadA vAdI samyagahetutvaM pratipadyamAno'pi tatsamarthananyAsavismaraNAdinimittena prativAdinaM prAznikAn vA pratibodhayituM na zaknoti, asiddhatAmapi nAnumanyate, samyaktvaM prasthApayituM zaknoti na tadA nigrahasthAnaM, hetuzuddhyAderapi dazAvayavavAkyaprayogAnujJayA'nujJAtatvAt / yadi ca svaprayuktahetoH samyaktvaM jAnannapi na sabhAkSobhAdikAraNapAravazyAt paraM prAznikAn vA tajjJApayitumalaM, svayaM ca tasyAsiddhatvaM nAnumanyate tadA'nyatarAsiddhatvenaiva sa nigRhIto bhavati / evaM ca svayamanabhyupagatamapi prativAdimAtrasiddhatayA hetuM prayuJjAno'pyanyatarAsiddhahetvAbhAsAkhyanigrahasthAnena nigRhIto bhavati / ja kaho, hetu anyatarAsiddha rahevAno ja kyAMthI ? zaMkA. : prativAdIe asiddha jAhera karelA hetune vAdI jyAM sudhI prativAdIne pramANathI siddha karI na batAve tyAM sudhInA vacagALAnA samayamAM to e hetu prativAdIne asiddha ja rahevAno ne. e vacagALAnA samayanI apekSAe to e anyatarAsiddha thayo ja kahevAya ne ? samA. : tame jo AvI dalIla karo to pachI hetumAM je asiddhatA Avaze te gauNa (aupacArika) haze, vAstavika nahIM hoya. vAstavamAM je saddhatuM hoya ane prativAdI tene asiddha kaheto hoya tyAre vAdI prativAdIne te hetu pramANathI siddha na karI Ape te vacagALAnA kALa daramyAnamAM te hetu duSTa banI jato nathI ke jethI te kALa daramyAnamAM tene asiddha hetvAbhAsa kahI zakAya ! sAcA ratnanI parakha karAvI ApanAra koI na maLe tyAre athavA hIrApArakhuM tene samajAve ke bhAI ! A to kiMmatI ratna che ItyAdi... A samajAvaTa dvArA hIrApArakhuM sAmA puruSane sAcA ratnanI ratna rUpe jyAM sudhI oLakhANa karAvI na zake eTalA vacagALAnA kALa daramyAnamAM paNa sAcuM ratna kAMI ratnAbhAsa (kAcano TukaDo) thoDo banI jAya che ? hA, jayAM sudhI ratnanI oLakhANa thaI nathI. tyAM sudhI te ratnane vize kAcanA TukaDA tarIkeno vyavahAra thAya. tema chatA paNa te vyavahAra ajJAnamUlaka hovAthI vAstavika ke prAmANika nathI (tamArA vItarAgI jinezvara paramAtmAne vItarAga na mAnanArA koIkane tame pramANathI "A vItarAga che' evuM jyAM sudhI siddha karI na Apo tyAM sudhI vItarAga kAMI 'sarAgI" thoDA kahevAya ?). vaLI, vAda vyavasthAmAM je aDhAra prakAranA nigrahasthAno batAvyA che temAM 'hatvAbhAsano prayoga karavo' e paNa eka prakAranuM nigrahasthAna che. have jo anyatarAsiddha hetune hetvAbhAsa kahezo to pachI tevA hetunA prayoga karanAro vAdI nigRhIta ja thaI jaze ane ekavAra nigRhIta thaI gayA pachI te anigRhIta banI zakato nathI. ekavAra hetvAbhAsano prayoga karIne nigRhIta thayA bAda prayukta hetunuM samarthana kare to paNa pachI te anigRhIta thaI zakavAno nathI kAraNa ke vAda nigrahAnta hoya che. nigraha thatA ja vAda pUrNa thaI jAya che. pachI dalIla karIne te hetune siddha karavAno prayatna karIne vAdIne anigRhIta banavAno avakAza ja kyAM rahyo ? A to ekavAra yoddho marI gayA pachI punarjIvita karIne

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156 jaina tarkabhASA tadAnyatarAsiddhatvenaiva nigRhyate / tathA, svayamanabhyupagato'pi parasya siddha ityetAvataivopanyasto heturanyatarAsiddho nigrahAdhikaraNam, yathA sAGkhyasya jainaM prati 'acetanA: sukhAdaya utpattimattvAd dhaTava rUti | sAdhyaviparItavyApto viruddhaH / yathA apariNAmI zabda: kRtakatvAditi / kRtakatvaM laDAI cAlu rAkhavAnA prayatna jevuM che. mATe anyatarAsiddha hetune hetvAbhAsa kahevo vyAjabI nathI. uttarapakSa : vAdI jayAre evuM cokkasapaNe jANato paNa hoya ke pote prayukta karela hetu saddhatu ja che chatAM ya prativAdIe te hetune "asiddha' jAhera karyA pachI te hetune siddha karI ApatI dalIlo yAda na AvavAthI ke evA anya koI paNa kAraNathI vAdI jo prativAdIne praznakartAone te hetunI pramAsiddhatA samajAvI na zake ane bIjI bAju svaprayukta hetune asiddha tarIke svIkAravA ya taiyAra na thAya tyAre anyatarAsiddha hetvAbhAsano prayoga karyo hovArUpa' nigrahasthAnathI te vAdI nigRhIta thAya che. A uparAMta, bIjI rIte paNa anyatarAsiddha hetu nigrahasthAna banI zake che. potAne asiddha evo paNa hetu jo bIjAne mATe siddha hoya eTalA mAtrathI tenI sAme vAdI sva-asaMmata hetuno paNa prayoga karI bese tyAre paNa "anyatarAsiddha hetvAbhAsaprayoga" rUpa nigrahasthAnathI te nigRhIta thAya che. jema ke jaino sAme sukhAdimAM acetanatvanI siddhi karavA mATe sAMkhyo "utpattimattvAthetuno prayoga kare to tyAM jaino to sukhAdimAM utpattimattva mAne ja che tethI temane mATe to A hetu siddha ja che. paraMtu sAMkhyo satkAryavAdI hovAthI koI paNa padArthamAM utpattimattva mAnatA nathI mATe vAdIe potAne asiddha hoya tevA hetuno. prayoga karyo hovAthI hetu anyatarAsiddha bane che. AvA hetvAbhAsano prayoga karavAthI vAdI nigrahasthAnane prApta kare che. A rIte anyatarAsiddha hetune paNa hetvAbhAsa kahevo yuktiyukta ja che. * viruddhahetvAbhAsanuM nirUpaNa sAdhyathI viparIta vastune je hetu vyApta hoya te viruddha hetvAbhAsa kahevAya. dA.ta. ""zabda apariNAmI che, kAraNa ke te kRtaka (karAyelo) che." ahIM kRtakatvane apariNAmitvanI sAthe vyApti nathI, kintu apariNAmitvane viruddha evA pariNAmitva sAthe ja vyakti che. tethI A hetu svasAdhya apariNAmitvanI siddhi karI ApavAne badale sAdhyaviparIta evA pariNAmitvadharmanI ja siddhi karI Apaze mATe tene viruddha hatvAbhAsa kahevAya che. vAdI vatI laData vakIla prativAdInI dalIlo karavA mAMDe enA jevo A hetvAbhAsa kahI zakAya. 9 anekantika (vyabhicArI) hetvAbhAsanuM nirUpaNa * have kramaprApta anaikAntika hetvAbhAsanuM nirUpaNa kare che. sauprathama tenuM lakSaNa jaNAve che. je hetunI anyathAanupapatti vize saMdeha hoya (eTale ke nirNaya na hoya) tevA hetune anaikAntika kahevAya che. tenA be bheda che. (1) nirNatavipakSavRttika : nizcita sAdhyAbhAvavAnumAM (= vipakSamAM) hetu rahelo che evo nirNaya je hetu vize thayelo hoya che. dA.ta. "zabda nitya che, kAraNa ke te prameya che' prameyatva jema sapakSa

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pramANapariccheda 157 hyapariNAmitvaviruddhena pariNAmitvena vyAptamiti / ___ yasyAnyathAnupapattiH sandihyate so'naikAntikaH / sa dvedhA-nirNItavipakSavRttikaH sandigdhavipakSavRttikazca / Adyo yathA nityaH zabdaH prameyatvAt / atra hi prameyatvasya vRttirnitye vyomAdau sapakSa iva vipakSe'nitye ghaTAdAvapi nizcitA / dvitIyo yathA abhimata: sarvajJo na bhavati vaktRtvAditi / atra hi vaktRtvaM vipakSe sarvajJe saMdigdhavRttikam, sarvajJa: kiM vaktA''hosvinneti sandehAta / evaM sa zyAmo mitrAputratvAdityAdyapyudAhAryam / akiJcitkArAkhyazcaturtho'pi hetvAbhAsabhedo dharmabhUSaNenodahato na zraddheyaH / siddhasAdhano 'yasyAnyathAnupapattiH sandihyate' iti - anirNItasAdhyAnyathAnupapattiko heturanaikAntika ityarthaH / 'dharmabhUSaNeneti' - yaduktaM tatkRtanyAyadIpikAyAM - 'aprayojako heturakiJcitkaraH, sa dvividhaH siddhasAdhano baadhitvissyshceti'| siddhasAdhane sAdhyasya siddhatvena bAdhitaviSaye ca sAdhyasya pakSe pratyakSAdinA bAdhitatvena hetoH kiJcidapi kartumazakyatvAdakiJcitkaro hetuH / tasya pRthag hetvAbhAsatayA'zraddheyatve hetumAha 'pratItanirAkRtAkhyapakSAbhAsabhedAnatiriktatvAditi - apratItAnirAkRtAbhIpsitasAdhyadharmaviziSTadharmiNAM samyakpakSatvena uktatvAdeteSAM ca tadviparItatvenA'samyaktvAt / ayambhAva: tridhA pakSAbhAsAstadyathA-pratItasAdhyadharmakaH pakSo, yathA jainAn prati pareNAvadhAraNavarjaM prayujyamAnaH 'samasti jIvaH' ityAdi, avadhAraNaM (=nizcita sAdhyavAna) evA nitya AkAzAdi padArthomAM rahyuM che tema anitya (vipakSa) evA ghaTAdi padArthomAM paNa rahyuM che. tevo nizcaya hovAthI prameyatva nityatva vinA anupapanna banI jAya tevo nirNaya thaI zakato nathI ane AvI anyathAanupapattino nizcaya na thavAthI prameyatva hetu ukta sAdhyanuM anumAna karAvI zakato nathI. tethI te hetvAbhAsa kahevAya che. (2) saMdigdhavipakSavRttika : je hetunI vipakSavRttine vize saMdeha hoya nirNaya na hoya) te. dA.ta. 'vAdIne sarvajJa tarIke abhimata vyakti, sarvajJa nathI, kAraNa ke te vaktA che. ahIM sarvajJatvAbhAva e sAdhya che. vipakSa (=sarvajJa) mAM vaknatva haze ke nahIM hoya teno nirNaya na hovAthI saMdeha che. tethI vaSkRtva hetu sarvajJatva vinA anupapanna banI ja jAya tevo nizcaya nathI thaI zakato ane mATe vaphtatva hetu svasAdhyAnamApaka na banI zakavAthI hetvAbhAsa kahevAya che. A ja rIte te kALo che kAraNa ke te mitrAno putra che' ItyAdi sopAdhika hetu paNa ahIM udAharaNa rUpa samajavA. kAraNa ke mitrAnA traNa putro zyAma hovA chatA paNa teno cotho putra zyAma na hoya tevuM banI zake che tethI vipakSabhUta zyAmavAbhAva ne mitrAputratva sAthe virodha nathI eTale ke zyAma na hoya temAM mitrAputratvarUpa hetu rahI na ja zake evuM kahI zakAtuM nathI ane mATe mitrAputratva zyAmatva vinA anupapanna banI jAya evo nirNaya thaI zakto na hovAthI vipakSamAM ukta hetunI vRtti saMdigdha rahevAnI. tethI AvA hetu paNa saMdigdha vipakSavRttika prakAranA anaikAMtika hetvAbhAsa kahevAya.

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158 jaina tarkabhASA bAdhitaviSayazceti dvividhasyApyaprayojakAhvayasya tasya pratIta-nirAkRtAkhyapakSAbhAsabhedAnativarjayitvA paropanyastena sarveNApi vAkprayogeNa ArhatAnAM pratItasyaivArthasya prakAzanAt / dvitIyazca nirAkRtasAdhyadharmako yathA 'nAsti bhUtAtirika Atmeti, pRthivyaptejovAyubhyaH zarIratvena pariNatebhyo vilakSaNasyAtmadravyasya svasaMvedanapratyakSeNa cakAsanAtpratyakSanirAkRtasAdhyadharmako'yaM pakSaH / evamanumAnA''gama-loka-svavacanAdibhirapi kvacit sAdhyasya nirAkRtatvasambhavAdanekabhedo'yam / anabhIpsitasAdhyadharmako yathA syAdvAdinaH zAzvatika eva ghaTAdirazAzvatika eveti vA vadataH / syAdvAdinaH sarvatra vastuni nityatvaikAnto'nityatvaikAnto vA nAbhIpsitastathApi kadAcidasau vismaraNAdinA evamapi vadet / 'etene'ti - naiyAyikAdiparikalpitasya bAdhitahetvAbhAsasyApi nirAkRtasAdhyadharmakAkhyapakSAbhAsa evAntarbhAvAditi / 'prakaraNasamo'pI'ti - atulyabalatve anyatarahetoH pratikSiptatvena 'tulyabala' ityuktam / yadyapi parasparaviruddhasAdhakayoH sthApanApratisthApanAhetvorekasyAvazyameva duSTatvaM tathApi tatkAle vAdiprativAdibhyAM svapakSapratipakSahetau tanna jJAyata iti vastutastulyabalatvAbhAve'pi tulyabalatayA jJAte ityarthaH, atulyabalatayA'jJAta iti vA'rthaH / 7 akiMcikra hetunI hetvAbhAsatAnuM nirAkraNa che vAdI dharmabhUSaNe akiMcitkara (athavA aprayojaka) hetvAbhAsanA (1) siddhasAdhana, ane (2) bAdhitaviSayaka evA be bheda jaNAvyA che. je sAdhya siddha ja hoya tenI punaH siddhi zuM karavAnI ? mATe siddha thaI cukelA sAdhyanI siddhi karavA apAyelo hetu vizeSa kaMI siddha karI zakato na hovAthI te hetu akiMcitkara (aprayojaka) che. Aja rIte je hetunuM sAdhya pratyakSa ke AgamathI bAdhita hoya te hetu paNa sAdhyasiddhi karI zakato nathI mATe te paNa akiMcikara che. dharmabhUSaNe batAvelo A akiMcitkara nAmaka cotho hetvAbhAsa zraddheya nathI kAraNa ke pakSa apratIta ane anirAkRta hovo joIe tethI siddhasAdhana nAmano aprayojaka hetvAbhAsa "pratIta' hovAthI pakSAbhAsamAM ja samAviSTa thaze ane jene te bAdhitaviSaya nAmano aprayojaka hetvAbhAsa kahe che te paNa "nirAkRta" hovAthI nirAkRta' nAmanA pakSAbhAsamAM ja samAviSTa thaze Ama, dharmabhUSaNanI akiMcitkara hetvAbhAsanI vAta ja akiMcitkara che. zaMkA : jyAM AgaLa pakSadoSa hoya tyAM hetudoSa paNa mAnavAno evo niyama che ane tethI pakSanA duSaNone hetvAbhAsa kahevA paDaze. samA.: mAtra pakSanA doSone ja hetvAbhAsa mAnavAno ardhajaratIyanyAya zA mATe? A rIte to tamAre sAdhyanA doSone, daSTAntanA doSone paNa hetvAbhAsa mAnavA paDaze ane evuM karavA jatA to hetvAbhAsanI kula saMkhyA ghaNI vadhI jaze. mATe jyAM pakSadoSa hoya tyAM hetudoSa mAnavo e niyama zraddheya nathI. (naiyAyiko paNa siddhasAdhanane hetvAbhAsa mAnatA nathI. nyAyadarzananI mAnyatA evI che ke je hetu anumitino ke anumitinA karaNabhUta vyAptijJAnano pratibaMdhaka hoya tene hetvAbhAsa kahevAya. anekAMtika hetvAbhAsa anumiti karaNabhUta vyAtijJAnano pratibaMdhaka che mATe hetvAbhAsa che ane bAdhAdi anumitinA pratibaMdhaka hovAthI

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pramANapariccheda 159 riktatvAt / na ca yatra pakSadoSastatrAvazyaM hetudoSo'pi vAcyaH, dRSTAntAdidoSasyApyavazyaM vAcyatvApatteH / etena kAlAtyayApadiSTo'pi pratyukto veditavyaH / prakaraNasamo'pi nAtiricyate, tulyabalasAdhya-tadviparyayasAdhakahetudvayarUpe satyasmin prakRtasAdhyasAdhanayoranyathAnupapattyanizcaye'siddha evAntarbhAvAditi saMkSepaH / hetvAbhAsa che. siddhasAdhana to bemAMthI ekeyano pratibaMdhaka nathI mATe tene hetvAbhAsa na kahevAya. je loko siddhasAdhanane anumitinI utpattimAM pratibaMdhaka mAne che temanuM kahevuM che ke - jema vyAtijJAna anumitinI utpattimAM kAraNa che tema pakSadharmatAnuM jJAna paNa temAM kAraNa che. jemAM sAdhya asiddha hoya ane jemAM sAdhyane siddha karavAnI IcchA hoya tene pakSa kahevAya che. sAdhyadharma jo siddha ja hoya to tene siddha karavAnI IcchA thatI nathI. je dharmImAM sAdhyadharma siddha hoya ane tene siddha karavAnI IcchA paNa na hoya te dharmIne pakSa na kahevAya ane mATe hetu e pakSano dharma banato nathI. A rIte pakSatAnuM vighaTana karavA dvArA siddhasAdhana anumitipratibaMdhaka bane che. A ja kAraNe sAdhya siddha hovA chatAM paNa jo siSAdhayiSA (sAdhyane siddha karavAnI IcchA) thaI jAya to pachI te siddhasAdhana doSa raheto nathI. kahevAnuM tAtparya eTaluM ja che ke A mate paNa siddhasAdhana e pakSanA svarUpanuM ja virodhI che tethI tene pakSanA doSarUpa ja mAnavo joIe. hetvAbhAsarUpa nahIM). ja "bAdha'nI hetvAbhAsatAnuM nirAkraNa - uparokta dalIlathI taiyAyika saMmata kAlAtyayAdiSTa (bAdhita) hetunI hetvAbhAsatA paNa khaMDita thaI jAya che. pakSamAM sAdhyanA saMdehano je kALa hoya te ja sAdhyasiddhi karavAno kALa che. tenA badale pakSamAM sAdhyAbhAvanuM jJAna hoya te kALe sAdhyasiddhi karavA je hetu apAya te kAlAtyayApadiSTa kahevAya. (kAlano vyatyaya thayA pachI aAdiSTa hovAthI kAlAtyayApadiSTa.) ahIM je pakSamAM sAdhya pratyakSAdipramANothI bAdhita hoya tene vize hetu pravartAvavo eTale bAdhitaviSayamAM hetunI pravRtti thaI. Ama ahIM paNa pakSanuM 'anirAkRta' evuM ja svarUpa pUrve jaNAvyuM che te jaLavAtuM nathI mATe Ane paNa pakSano ja doSa mAnavo joIe. eka "sapratipakSa'nI svataMtratvAbhAsatAnuM nirAkraNa 9 naiyAyika saMmata prakaraNasama (sa-tipakSa) hetvAbhAsane paNa svataMtra mAnavAnI jarUra nathI. pakSamAM sAdhyasAdhaka hetunI sAme sAdhyAbhAvasAdhaka hetu paNa upasthita thAya ane banne tulyabaLavALA jaNAtA hoya to AvA be hetune satpatipakSa kahevAya che. A banne paraspara virodhI evA sAdhyanA sAdhaka hoya che. tethI bemAMthI ekeya hetu svasAdhyasiddhi karI zakatA nathI kAraNa ke banne dvArA paraspara anumitino pratibandha thAya che mATe banne prakaraNasama (satkRtipakSa) kahevAya che. ahIM paNa sAdhya-sAdhana vacce anyathAanupapattino nizcaya na hovAthI ja anumiti aTake che mATe Ano asiddha hetvAbhAsamAM ja aMtarbhAva thaI jaze. (pUrve asiddha hetvAbhAsanuM lakSaNa jaNAveluM che ke ajJAna, saMdeha ke viparyaya A traNamAMthI koI paNa kAraNe je hetunuM svarUpa pratIyamAna na hoya te hetune asiddha kahevAya. prakaraNasama hetunuM svarUpa saMdehanA kAraNe apratIyamAna hoya che tethI teno samAveza asiddha hetvAbhAsamAM ja thaze.) sAdhya sAthenI anyathAanupapatti

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16) jaina takabhASA AptavacanAdAvirbhUtamarthasaMvedanamAgamaH / na ca vyAptigrahaNabalenArthapratipAdakatvAd dhUmavadasyAnumAne'ntarbhAvaH, kUTAkUTakArSApaNanirUpaNapravaNapratyakSavadabhyAsadazAyAM vyAptigrahanairapekSyeNevAsyArthabodhakatvAt / yathAsthitArthaparijJAnapUrvakahitopadezapravaNa AptaH / varNapadavAkyAtmakaM tadvacanam / varNo'kArAdi: paudgalikaH / padaM saGketavat / anyo'nyApekSANAM padAnAM samudAyo vAkyam / 'Agama' iti - pramANamiti gamyate / arthasaMvedanasya pramANatvena pratipAdite sati naiyAyikAdiparikalpitazabdalakSaNA''gamaprAmANyaM pratyuktaM bhavati, zabdasya jaDatvena jJAnAnAtmakatayA prAmANyAbhAvAt / zabdasya jaDatvamanUpadameva vakSyate / upacArAttu Aptavacanamapi pramANaM syAt / 'varNo'kArAdi: paudgalika' iti - na ca kathaM zabdasya paudgalikatvaM, tasyA''kAzaguNarupatayA dravyatvAbhAvAditi vAcyam, yataH zabdapaudgalikatvaM hi pramANataH prasiddhaM, tathAhi - zabdaH paudgalikaH pratihanyamAnatvAt, vAyunA nIyamAnatvAt, dvArato'nugamanAt, vighAtakAritvAcca / pracaNDazabdodbhedajanitagirizilAbhedo'pi zabdasya pudgalamayatve praamaannymaabibhrti| samprati rAtnikA api yantrajanitazabdAtmakazastreNa ratnabhedaM kurvANA dRzyante / pracaNDazabdena karNAntarvartipaTalabhedo'pi jAyamAno dRzyata, etatsarvaM zabdasya pudgalaprabhavatvaM prasAdhayatIti susthitaM 'paudgaliko varNa' iti / jainA''game zabdasya bhASAvargaNApudgalAnAM pariNAmatvena pratipAditatvena siddhAntasiddho'yaM pakSaH / etena, zabdasyA''haGkArikatvaM bruvANA sAGkhyA:, nityadravyatvaM bruvANAzca mImAMsakA pratikSiptAH 'utpanno vinaSTo vA zabdaH' iti pratyakSeNaiva nityatvabAdhAt, paudgalikatvoktita eva nityAnityAtmakasyaiva zabdasya siddhezca / 'padaM saGketavaditi - akAra-makAra-ukArAderviSNu-brahmA-zaGkarAdau saGketitatvena tattadarthavAcakatvena sambandhAdekasmin varNa AnupUrvIvizeSAbhAvAdAnupUrvIvizeSamapUrNatvasya padalakSaNatvaM parityajya saGketavattvaM padatvamityevamuktam / asmAtpadAdayamartho boddhavya iti, idaM padamamumarthaM bodhayatviti vecchA saGketaH, na tvIzvarIyatvamapi tatra nivezanIyaM, AdhunikaiH saGketite'pi padatvavyavahArAt / (vyAti) nizcita hoya to anumiti thaI javI joIe ane jo anyathAanupapatti (vyAti) nizcita na hoya to asiddhamAM samAviSTa jANavo. * svataMtra mAgama prabhAAnuM ni35| * pratyakSapramANanuM nirUpaNa karyA bAda parokSapramANanA pAMca bhedo jaNAvelA. tenA dareka bhedanuM kramazaH nirUpaNa karatA karatA have chellA Agama pramANanuM nirUpaNa kare che. sauprathama tenuM lakSaNa jaNAve che. Aptavacanane Agama kahe che. AvA AtavacanathI utpanna thato arthabodha te AgamapramANa. pU.pakSa : je rIte dhUma-vahni vaccenA avinAbhAvasaMbaMdha (vyAmi)nA grahaNa dvArA je jJAna thAya che

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pramANapariccheda 161 ___ tadidamAgamapramANaM sarvatra vidhipratiSedhAbhyAM svArthamabhidadhAnaM saptabhaGgImanugacchati, tathaiva paripUrNArthaprApakatvalakSaNatAttvikaprAmANyanirvAhAt, kvacidekabhaGgadarzane'pi vyutpannamatInAmitarabhaGgAkSepadhrauvyAt / yatra tu ghaTo'stItyAdilokavAkye saptabhaGgIsaMsparzazUnyatA tatrArthaprApakatvamAtreNa lokApekSayA prAmANye'pi tattvato na prAmANyamiti draSTavyam / ____ 'paripUrNArthaprApakatvalakSaNa'... iti - saptabhaGgyA vivakSitaM atratyaparipUrNArthaprApakatvaM khalu sattvanityatvAdivivakSitaikadharmamAtraparatayA pAribhASikaM na tu tAttvikaM, tAttvikaparipUrNArthaprApakatvasya tvekasyaiva dravyasyAzeSasvaparaparyAyasamanvitasya parijJAnenaiva sambhavAt / 'jo egaM jANai so savvaM jANai'1 ityAdyAgamavacaso'trArtha eva tAtparyam / tene anumAna kahevAya che te rIte A zabda 'vAcaka' che, "A eno vAcyArtha che' ItyAdi rIte zabda artha vaccenA vAcyavAcakabhAva saMbaMdhanA grahaNa dvArA ja zabdathI arthabodha thAya che. mATe AvA jJAnane anumAna pramANa ja kahevuM joIe. jo dhUma-vahni vaccenI vyAptinuM grahaNa thayuM na hoya to dhUmane jovA chatAM ya anumiti thatI nathI te ja rIte jo vAcyavAcakabhAvarUpa saMbaMdhanuM grahaNa thayuM na hoya to tene zabda sAMbhaLavA chatAM ya arthabodha thato nathI. A rIte jaNAya che ke arthabodha thavAmAM mukhya kAraNa to vAcyavAcakabhAvanuM grahaNa che. Avo saMbaMdha e zabda-artha vaccenI vyApti che. Ama AvI vyApinI apekSA rAkhIne ja AptavacanathI arthabodha thAya che mATe AvA jJAnane anumAnapramANa ja kahevuM joIe. u.pakSa : tamArI vAta barAbara nathI kAraNa ke jema pratyakSa pramANa "A cAMdI sAcI che ke khoTI che' eno nirNaya karavAmAM samartha che te rIte abhyAsadazAmAM vAcya-vAcaka vaccenA vyAtigrahanI apekSA vinA ja zabda e arthapratipAdaka bane che tethI Agama pramANa svataMtra siddha thAya che. * AtanuM lakSaNa AptapuruSa dvArA uccarita vacanathI thatA arthabodhane AgamapramANa kahyuM che. temAM ghaTakIbhUta "Ata' ane "Apavacana' kone kahevAya te jaNAve che. vastunA yathArtha (utpatti-vyaya-dhrauvyAtmaka evA) svarUpane jANyA pachI teno hitopadeza ApavAmAM kuzaLa puruSane "Apa" kahevAya che. temanuM vacana varNa-padavAkyarUpa hoya che. varNAdi kone kahevAya ? to kahe che ke akArAdi varNa che ane te paugalika che. (jaina mate zabda bhASAvargaNAnA pariNAmasvarUpa hovAthI paugalika dravya) che. naiyAyikAdinI jema AkAzanA guNa vagere rUpa nathI. zabdanA paudUdgalikatvanI siddhi syAdvAdaratnAkara vagere aneka graMthomAM vistArathI karAI che.) amuka padArthane vize jeno saMketa karelo hoya tevA varNa ke varNanA samUhane pada kahevAya. arthabodha karAvavA mATe paraspara apekSA rAkhanArA padonA samUhane vAkya kahevAya che. jema ke "gharuM mAnaya' no arthabodha karAvavA mATe gha, ma, nA ya nI, AjJArtha pratyaya vagere pado che. prakRtipadane pratyayapadanI vagere AkAMkSAo hovAthI ukta pado dvArA "tuM ghaDo lAva" evo arthabodha ukta vAkyathI thaze. 9. 9 nIti te sarva nAnAti |

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162 jaina takabhASA keyaM saptabhaGgIti ceducyate - ekatra vastunyekaikadharmaparyanuyogavazAdavirodhena vyastayoH samastayozca vidhiniSedhayoH kalpanayA syAtkArAGkitaH saptadhA vAkprayoga: saptabhaGgI / iyaM ca saptabhaGgI vastuni pratiparyAyaM saptavidhadharmANAM sambhavAta saptavidhasaMzayotthApitasaptavidhajijJAsAmUlasaptavidhapraznAnurodhAdupapadyate / tatra syAdastyeva sarvamiti prAdhAnyena vidhikalpanayA 'saptabhaGgI' iti - nAnAvastvAzrayavidhiniSedhakalpanayA zatabhaGgIprasaGganivAraNArthamekatra vastunItyuktam / ekatrApi jIvAdivastuni vidhIyamAnaniSidhyamAnAnantadharmaparyAlocanayA'nantabhaGgIprasaktivyAvartanArthamekaikadharmaparyanuyogavazAdityupAttam / pratyakSAdiviruddhasadasannityAnityAyekAntavidhipratiSedhakalpanayA'pi pravRttasya vacanaprayogasya saptabhaGgItvAnuSaGgabhaGgArthamavirodhenetyuktam / 'paryanuyogavazAdi'tyatra paJcamyA prayojyatvamarthaH / paramparayA prAznikapraznajJAnajanyatvaM hi paryanuyogaprayojyatvamucyate, tacca vAkyasaptake samasti, tathAhi-prAznikapraznajJAnena pratipAdakasya vivakSA jAyate, vivakSayA ca vAkyaprayoga, iti paryanuyogaprayojyatvamakSataM vAkyasaptakasya / 'avirodhena' ityatra tRtIyArtho vaiziSTyaM, tacca vidhiniSedhayoranveti / 'ekatra vastunI'tyatrA saptamyartho viSayatvaM taccAtra vizeSyatvarUpaM / tasya kalpanApadArthabodhajanakatcaikadeze bodhe'nvayaH / saptAnAM bhaGgAnAM samAhAraH saptabhaGgI, tatazca saptavAkyaparyAptasamudAyatvA''zrayo'rthaH / tatazca prAznikapraznajJAnaprayojyatve sati, ekavastuvizeSyakAviruddhavidhiniSedhAtmakadharmaprakArakabodhajanakavAkyasaptakaparyAptasamudAyatvaM saptabhaGgI iti phalitArthaH / syAdasti ghaTaH, syAnnAsti ghaTaH iti vAkyadvayamAtre'tivyAptivAraNAya 'sapta' iti / yadyapi satyantaM nAtivyAptyAdivArakaM tathApi ekatra dharmiNi pratiparyAyaM saptAnAmeva praznAnAM sambhava iti niyamasUcanArthaM tad / yadyapi vastuno' * saptamIne manusaratA mAgamamA 1 tArius prAmANya * A rIte AgamapramANa sarvatra vidhimukhe ane niSedhamukhe potAnA vAcyArthane jaNAve che ane saptabhaMgIne anusare che. kAraNa ke saptabhaMgIpUrvaka vAcyArthane jaNAvavAthI Agamavacana paripUrNArthaprApaka bane che ane AgamamAM paripUrNArthaprApakatA e ja tenuM tAttvika prAmANya che. tAtparya : AgamavacanamAM prAmANya be prakAranA hoya che. tAttvika ane laukika. AgamamAM tAttvika prAmANya tyAre ja Ave che ke jyAre te zabda paripUrNa arthano bodha karAve. zabda dvArA paripUrNa arthabodha tyAre ja thAya ke jyAre zabda vidhi ane niSedha dvArA sva-arthanuM pratipAdana karato saptabhaMgIne prApta kare. kyAreka mAtra ekAda bhaMgano ja upanyAsa thayelo dekhAto hoya to tyAM paNa zrotA jo vyutpanna puruSa (arthAt syAdvAdanA saMskArathI parikarmita thayelI mativALo) hoya to tene to ekabhaMganA jJAnathI paNa syAdvAdanA saMskAra ubuddha thavAthI zeSa bhaMgono AkSepa (=bodha) svayaM thaI ja jAya che. eTale A rIte saptabhaMgIparikarita vastutattvanuM jJAna thavAthI tenA jJAnamAM paripUrNArthaprApakatA rUpa tAttvikaprAmANya rahe che. zaMkAH "ghaTa che" ATaluM ja mAtra lokomAM bolAya tyAre zrotAne mAtra ghaTanI sattAno ja bodha thAya. sattvaviSayaka sAta bhAMgAnuM jJAna tyAM thatuM nathI. (ane vaktAnuM saptabhaMgIparikarita ghaTasattA jaNAvavAnuM

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pramANapariccheda 163 prathamo bhaGgaH / syAt-kathaJcit svadravyakSetrakAlabhAvApekSayetyarthaH / asti hi ghaTAdikaM dravyataH pArthivAditvena, na jalAditvena / kSetrataH pATaliputrakAditvena, na kAnyakubjAditvena / kAlata: zaizirAditvena, na vAsantikAditvena / bhAvataH zyAmAditvena, na raktAditveneti / evaM syAnAstyeva sarvamiti prAdhAnyena niSedhakalpanayA dvitIya / na cAsattvaM kAlpanikama; nantadharmakatvenAnantAnAM saptabhaGgInAM sambhavastathApi pratiparyAyaM vidhiniSedhaprakArApekSayA bhaGgAnAM saptatvaM, tacca pratiparyAyaM pratipAdyaparyanuyogAnAM saptadhA eva sambhavAt, teSAmapi saptatvaM saptadhaiva tajjijJAsAniyamAt, tasyA api saptadhAtvaM saptadhaiva tatsandehasamutpAdAt, tasyApi saptaprakAratvaniyamaH svagocaravastudharmANAM saptavidhatvasyaivopapatteH / ___AdyabhaGgadvaye kramazaH vidherniSedhasya ca prAdhAnyoktyA niSedhasya vidhezca gauNatvaM yaddarzitaM tad vakturvivakSayaiva, na tu vastuni vastutastayoH tathAtvaM, paryAyamAtrasya vastuni prAdhAnyena sattvAt, gauNamukhyabhAvasya vakturvivakSAdhInatvAditi dhyeyam / ata eva 'kalpanayeti padamupAttam / tAtparya paNa tyAM hotuM nathI. mAtra ghaTanI sattA jaNAvavAnuM ja tenuM tAtparya hoya che.) to saptabhaMgIyukta bodha na thavAthI te bodhamAM paripUrNArthaprApakatA nathI mATe zuM evA lokavAkyamAM prAmANya nahIM mAnavAnuM? samA. H AvA lokavAkyamAM jyAM saptabhaMgIno saMsparza jovA na maLe tyAM AgaLa paNa tevA vAkyathI ghaTarUpa arthanI prApti thatI dekhAya che. tethI AvA jJAnamAM paNa arthaprApakatA hovAnA kAraNe laukika prAmANya (=vyAvahArika prAmANya) mAnavAmAM koI bAdha nathI. paraMtu sAthe e paNa samajI rAkhavAnuM ke saptabhaMgIsaMsparzazunya evA vAkyathI thatA bodhamAM paripUrNArthaprApakatA rUpa tAttvika prAmANya to nathI ja. ahIM je paripUrNArthaprApakatA kahI che te pAribhASika jANavI kAraNa ke anaMtadharmaka vastune saMpUrNa rIte jaNAvavAnuM sAmarthya to mAtra kevaLajJAnamAM ja che. saptabhaMgI to mAtra sattva, nityatva jevA ekAda dharmanI apekSAe ja vastune pUrNatayA jaNAve che tethI A paripUrNArthaprApakatAne A rItanI (eka dharmanI apekSAe) pAribhASika jANavI. samabhaMgInuM svarUpa ka A sAta bhAMgA kyA kyA che? evI jijJAsA saMtoSavA saptabhaMgInuM svarUpa jaNAve che - jIvAdi vastumAM sattva-asattva-nityatva anityAdi dharmo aMge prazna UThe che. tyAre te te praznanA samAdhAnarUpe pratyakSAdi pramANothI bAdha na Ave e rIte vidhi ane niSedhano pRthaka pRthak rUpe ane samuditarUpe vicAra karavA dvArA "syAta" avayavathI yukta evA sAta prakAre vacanaprayoga karAya che. Ane saptabhaMgI kahe che. zaMkA : AvA bhAMgA sAta ja zA mATe ? nyUna ke adhika kema nahIM ? samA. : koI paNa eka vastunA pratyeka paryAyamAM sAta prakAranA dharmo ja rahI zake che mATe sAta ja bhAMgA thaI zake. arthAt, dareka vastu anantadharmaka che paraMtu A sAta bhAMgAmAM ja te anaMtadharmo vibhAjita thaI jAya che. vastunA svarUpano saMdeha thayA pachI te saMdehane anurUpa vastunA svarUpanI jijJAsA thAya

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164 jaina tarkabhASA sattvavat tasya svAtantryeNAnubhavAt, anyathA vipakSAsattvasya tAttvikasyAbhAvena hetostrairupyavyAghAtaprasaGgAt / syAdastyeva syAnnAstyeveti prAdhAnyena kramikavidhiniSedhakalpanayA tRtIyaH / syAdavaktavyameveti yugapatprAdhAnyena vidhiniSedhakalpanayA caturthaH, ekena padena yugpdubhyorvktuche ane jijJAsA thayA pachI tadanurUpa prazno UThe che. vastumAM saMdeha paDI zake evA dharmo sAta prakAranA ja che tethI sAta prakAranA ja saMdeha utpanna thAya che. A saMdehanA kAraNe UbhI thatI vastunA svarUpane jANavAnI IcchA sAta prakAranI hoya che ane prazno to jijJAsAmUlaka (jijJAsAnurUpa) ja hoya che mATe prazno paNa sAta prakAranA UThe che. prazno jyAre sAta ja prakAranA hoya tyAre tenA samAdhAnarUpe karAtA vacanaprayogone paNa sAta ja prakAra hoya e samajAya evI vAta che. mATe ja AvA bhAM che. nyUnAdhika bhAMgA hotA nathI. have kramazaH te sAte ya prakAranA bhAMgAnuM svarUpa jaNAve che. (1) cAti va : badhI vastuo kathaMcit (=amuka apekSAe) che ja. Ama vidhinI pradhAnatAthI pahelo bhAgo thayo. AmAM pradhAnatAe vidheyAtmaka valaNa (Positive Angle) thI vicAravAmAM Ave che tyAre badhI vastu kathaMcit che ja - eTale ke astitvadharmayukta che. ahIM "syAt' eTale "kathaMcit' eTale ke "amuka apekSAe." dareka vastuo kathaMcit vidyamAna che. potAnA dravya-kSetra-kALa ane bhAvanI apekSAe che. (parakIya dravya-kSetrAdinI apekSAe avidyamAna paNa che.) jema ke dravyanI apekSAe ghaDo pArthiva padArtharUpe vidyamAna che, jalIyapadArtharUpe nathI. kSetranI apekSAe pATaliputramAM che, kanyAkumArImAM nathI. kALanI apekSAe ziyALAnI apekSAe che, vasantAdi RtunI apekSAe nathI. bhAvanI apekSAe zyAmarUpe vidyamAna che paNa lAlavarNavALA rUpe avidyamAna paNa che. 'satya dhaTa' kahe, to ghaDo (sarva apekSAe) vidyamAna che ema siddha thaI jAya mATe anekAMta sUcaka "cAt' padano prayoga pratyeka bhAMgAmAM karAya che. A vAta AgaLanA dareka bhAMgAo mATe paNa samajI rAkhavI. (2) zAstrAva : badhI vastuo kathaMcit avidyamAna che. A bhAMgAmAM pradhAnapaNe niSedhanI kalpanA che. arthAt, ahIM nakArAtmaka valaNa (Negative Angle) thI vicAraNA karAya che. dareka vastuo potAnA dravya-kSetra-kALa-bhAvanI apekSAe vidyamAna che. paNa parakIya dravya-kSetra-kALa-bhAvanI apekSAe vicArAya to te ja vastu avidyamAna paNa che ja. (dA.ta. chaganabhAInA putra kAMtibhAI vidyamAna che. paNa e chaganaputratvena ja vidyamAna che. maganaputratvena to avidyamAna che.). bauddha : "sattva' dharma vastuno vAstavika che paNa vastumAM "asattva hotuM nathI. jemAM asattva hoya (arthAtu, jenI sattA na hoya) te vastu ja zI rIte kahevAya? mATe vastuno "asattva' dharma kAlpanika che ane kAlpanika dharmane vastunuM svarUpa na kahevAya. jaina. : "asattva' vastuno kAlpanika dharma nathI paNa vAstavika ja che. je rIte vastumAM "sattva' dharma jaNAya che e ja rIte vAstavika evo asattva dharma paNa svataMtra rIte jaNAya che. hA, vastumAM sarvathA asattva che evuM kahetA hoIe to te jarUra kAlpanika bane paNa apekSika asattva dharma to badhAmAM che ja. jo vastumAM asattva dharma na mAno to tame mAnelI hetunI tirUpatA zI rIte ghaTaze ? kAraNa

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pramANapariccheda 165 mazakyatvAt / zatRzAnazI sadityAdau sAGketikapadenApi krameNArthadvayabodhanAt / anyataratvAdinA kathaJcidubhayabodhane'pi prAtisvikarUpeNaikapadAdubhayabodhasya brahmaNApi durupapAdatvAt / syAdatstyeva syAdavaktavyameveti vidhikalpanayA yugapadvidhiniSedhakalpanayA ca paJcamaH / syAnAstyeva syAdavaktavyameveti niSedhakalpanayA yugapadvidhiniSedhakalpanayA ca SaSThaH / syAdastyeva syAnnAtsyeva 'tRtIya' iti - bhaGga iti gamyate / na ca prAdhAnyena vidhikalpanayopanyastAt prathamabhaGgAdanantaraM dvitIyabhaGgAt prAdhAnyena niSedhakalpanA'pi astyeveti kramikavidhiniSedhakalpanAyA etadbhaGgadvayenaiva gatArthatvAdalaM tRtIyabhaGgakeneti vAcyam, ekatra dvayamityasya tRtIyabhaGgakenaiva jJAtuM zakyatvAt / ayambhAvaH prathamabhaGgakena sattvaprakArakavastuvizeSyakabodhasya, dvitIyabhaGgakenAsattvaprakArakavastuvizeSyakabodhasya, tRtIyabhaGgakena sattvAsattvobhayaprakArakavastuvizeSyakabodhasya jAyamAnatvAdatiricyata eva tRtIyo bhaGgaH / / ke temAM to hetumAM nirupacarita vipakSAsattva paNa mAno cho. jema hetumAM vipakSanI apekSAe asattva dharma mAno cho tema dareka vastumAM amuka apekSAe asattvadharma mAnavo ja paDe. (3) evi sannivi : vastumAM kramazaH vidhi ane niSedhanI kalpanA karavAmAM Ave to vastu kathaMcit che ja' ane 'kathaMcit nathI ja.' arthAt, vastumAM kramazaH astitva ane nAstitva banne dharmone ahIM pradhAnatA apAya che. je kramamAM pradhAnatA apAya te kramamAM vAkyaprayoga thAya. tethI 'cakaceva, cAtrAnceva' kaho ke "cAtrAnceva cArksava' kaho - A ja bhAMgAmAM teno samAveza thaze. (granthakAra maho.yazovijayajI mahArAje anyatra prathama-dvitIya bhAMgA karatA tRtIyabhAMgAnI vizeSatA bhinnatA) anya rIte paNa batAvI che. prathama bhAMgAthI pradhAnatayA vidhinuM ane dvitIya bhAMgAthI pradhAnatayA niSedhanuM jJAna thAya che. prathama bhAMgA pachI dvitIya bhAMgo che tethI vidhi ane niSedhanuM kramazaH jJAna banne bhAMgA utpanna kare che. tRtIyabhaMga paNa kramazaH vidhiniSedhanuM jJAna karAve che mATe e be vacce koI bheda nathI." AvI AzaMkAnuM nirAkaraNa karavA granthakAra kahe che ke tRtIyabhAMgAthI je bodha thAya che te putra yam' A rIte thAya che. arthAt, prathama bhAMgAmAM sarvapravAvastuviSyavAgha hoya che. dvitIya bhAMgAmAM sarvaprakAravastuviSyavedha che ane tRtIya bhAMgAmAM sattvIsa-mayapravArajavastuvizeSyavoya che. A rIte pahelA be ane trIjA bhAMgA vacce bheda che.) (4) cAvavyameva : vastumAM sattva ane asattvano yugapad vicAra karavAmAM Ave to vastu kathaMcit avaktavya che kAraNa ke koI zabda vastumAM sattva-asattvano eka sAthe bodha karAvI zakato nathI. tAtparya : asattvane gauNa karIne sattvanuM mukhyarUpe pratipAdana karavuM hoya to prathama bhAMgo kAma lAge. sattvane gauNa karIne asattvanuM mukhyarUpe pratipAdana karavuM hoya to dvitIya bhAMgo kAma lAge. sattva-asattva bannenuM kramazaH mukhyarUpe pratipAdana karavuM hoya to trIjo bhAMgo kAma lAge paNa sattva ane asattva banne eka ja vastumAM eka sAthe mukhyarUpe kahevA hoya to evo koI zabda nathI. ahIM eka vAta khAsa samajI rAkhavI ke banne virodhI dharmo vastumAM to mukhyarUpe ja rahyA hoya che. nityatva-anityatva banne mukhyarUpe

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166 jaina tarkabhASA syAdavaktavyameveti vidhiniSedhakalpanayA yugapadvidhiniSedhakalpanayA ca saptama iti / ___ seyaM saptabhaGgI pratibhaGgaM sakalAdezasvabhAvA vikalAdezasvabhAvA ca / tatra pramANapratipannAnantadharmAtmakavastunaH kAlAdibhirabhedavRttiprAdhAnyAdabhedopacArAdvA yaugapadyena pratipAdakaM vacaH sakalAdezaH / nayaviSayIkRtasya vastudharmasya bhedavRttiprAdhAnyAd bhedopacArAdvA krameNAbhidhAyakaM vAkyaM vikalAdezaH / nanu kaH kramaH, kiM vA yaugapadyam ? / ucyate-yadAstitvAdidharmANAM kAlAdibhirbhedavivakSA tadekazabdasyAnekArthapratyAyane zaktyabhAvAt kramaH / yadA tu teSAmeva ja rahyA hoya che. mAtra bolavAmAM gauNa mukhya bhAva Ave. AvA pratipAdananI apekSAe AvatA gauNamukhyabhAvanI ja ahIM vAta che, eTale ke eka ja vastumAM eka sAthe be virodhI dharmonuM gauNamukhyarUpe pratipAdana zakya nathI. mATe vastu A apekSAe avAcya banI gaI. zaMkA : vyAkaraNamAM zag (paramaipadamAM) ane zAna (AtmapadamAM) A banne pratyayone jaNAvanAra 'sat' zabda che. eTale ke sat saMjJA bolavAthI banne pratyayo upasthita thAya. A rIte koI vizeSa saMketa karelA pada dvArA sattva-asattva banne jaNAI zake che ne ? samA. : saMketita "sa" zabda dvArA zatru ane zani pratyaya banne jaNAya che kharA. paraMtu banne kramazaH ja jaNAya che. saMketita pada dvArA paNa kramazaH ja be padArtho jaNAI zake che. zaMkAH sattva-asattva bemAMthI eka AvuM jaNAvavA mATe "anyatara' pada vaparAya. tethI "anyataratva dharma sattva-asattva bannemAM rahenAro che. tethI anyatara zabdathI sattva-asattva ubhayano yugapad bodha zakya che. samA. : "anyatara' padathI sattva-asattva banneno kaMIka aMze yugapad bodha thaI zake che paraMtu prAtisvika rUpe (= pratyekamAM rahelA asAdhAraNa svarUpathI) banneno yugapad bodha thavo azakya che. asattvanuM asattvavena ane sattvanuM sattvatvena jJAna thayuM te prAtisvika rIte jJAna thayuM kahevAya. e rIte to bannenuM yugapad jJAna thavuM azakya che. anyataratvena bannenuM yugapad jJAna thAya te aMzataH = sAmAnyarUpe thAya che. prastutamAM cothA bhAMgAmAM vastune je kathaMcit avaktavya kahI che te prAtisvikarUpe sattAsattva ubhayanuM yugapad jJAna vastumAM thavuM zakya nathI e apekSAe samajavuM. (5) cAdava cAvavyamevaH vastumAM vidhinI ane yugapad vidhiniSedhanI kalpanA karIe to vastu kathaMcit sat che ane kathaMcit avaktavya ja che. A pAMcamo bhAMgo che. (6) cItrAnceva vavavyameva : vastumAM niSedhanI ane yugapat vidhiniSedhanI kalpanA karI vastu kathaMcit nathI ja ane kathaMcit avaktavya ja che. A chaThTho bhAMgo che. (7) sAvacea DAtracaiiva vicameva: vastumAM kramika vidhiniSedhanI ane yugapad vidhiniSedhanI kalpanA karIe to vastu kathaMcit sat ja che, kathaMcit nathI ja ane kathaMcit avaktavya ja che. A sAtamo bhAMgo che. tAtparya : chellA traNe bhAMgo sAMyogika che. pahelA bhAMgAmAM sattvanuM ane bIjA bhAMgAmAM asattvanuM

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pramANapariccheda 167 dharmANAM kAlAdibhirabhedena vRttamAtmarUpamucyate tadaikenApi zabdenaikadharmapratyAyanamukhena tadAtmakatAmApannasyAnekazeSarUpasya vastunaH pratipAdanasambhavAdyogapadyam / / ke punaH kAlAdayaH ? / ucyate-kAla AtmarUpamarthaH sambandha upakAraH guNideza: saMsargaH nirUpaNa che. A be mULa bhAMgAo che. bannenuM nirUpaNa kramazaH karavAthI trIjo bhAMgo bane. bannenuM yugapat nirUpaNa azakya hovAthI cotho bhAMgo bane. pahelA ane cothA bhAMgAnA saMyogathI pAMcamo bhAMgo bane che, bIjA cothA bhAMgAnA saMyogathI chaThTho bhAMgo bane che ane trIjA-cothA bhAMgAnA saMyogathI sAtamo bhAMgo bane che. (A to sattva-asattvanI saptabhaMgI batAvI. A ja rIte vidhi-niSedha dvArA sAmAnya-vizeSanI saptabhaMgI, nityAniyatvanI saptabhaMgI ItyAdi anaMtI saptabhaMgI bane che. kAraNa ke vastumAM rahenArA dharmo anaMtA che.) have saptabhaMgInA sakalAdeza (pramANavAkya) ane vikalAdezanuM (nayavAkyanuM) nirUpaNa kare che. * saptabhaMgInA saklAdeza- viklAdeza svabhAvanuM nirUpaNa A samabhaMgI svagata dareka bhaMgane AzrayIne sakalAdezAtmaka ane vikalAdezAtmaka hoya che. pramANavAkyane sakalAdeza kahevAya che. tenuM lakSaNa (svarUpa) jaNAve che - "pramANa dvArA anaMtadharmAtmaka rUpe jaNAyelI vastumAM kALa vagere ATha dvArA abhedanI pradhAnatAthI ke abhedanA upacArathI eka sAthe sarvadharmonuM pratipAdana karatuM vacana sakalAdeza kahevAya." A vAkyano artha A mujaba thAya. (1) kALa (2) AtmarUpa (3) artha (4) saMbaMdha (5) upakAra (6) guNideza (7) saMsarga ane (8) zabda. A AThanI apekSAe dharma ane dharmI vaccenA apRthabhAvane pradhAna karIne athavA kAlAdinI apekSAe bhinna evA paNa dharma ane dharmImAM abhedano upacAra karIne samakALe dharma ane dharmIno nirdeza karatuM vacana sakalAdeza kahevAya che kAraNa ke sakalAdeza pramANane AdhIna che. AnAthI viparIta nayavAkya vikalAdeza rUpa che. dharmIthI dharmanA bhedano upacAra karIne athavA bhedane pradhAna karIne te dharmono kramazaH nirdeza karatuM vacana vikalAdeza kahevAya. (vastunA eka dharmane pradhAna karatuM vAkya nayavAkya kahevAya che.) tAtparya : sakalAdeza ane vikalAdezanI ukta vyAkhyAmAM babbe vikalpo karyA che. "abhedanI pradhAnatAthI athavA abhedopacArathI eka sAthe sarvadharmonuM pratipAdana karatuM vacana sakalAdeza kahevAya' e ja rIte "bhedano upacAra karIne athavA bhedano pradhAna karIne te dharmono kramazaH nirdeza karatuM vacana vikalAdeza kahevAya." ahIM banne vyAkhyAmAM pradhAnatAthI ke upacArathI evA babbe vikalpo karavAnuM prayojana e che ke - dravyArthika nayanI apekSAe eka vastumAM rahelA badhA dharmo abhinna, eTale ke eka ja che paNa paryAyArthika nayanI mukhyatA hoya tyAre dareka dharmo judA judA hovAthI tyAM abhedano upacAra karavo paDe che. A sakalAdezanI vAta thaI. vikalAdezamAM bhedavivekSA che. A bhedavivakSA jyAre paryAyArthikanayanI pradhAnatAthI ane dravyArthikanayanI gauNatAthI hoya tyAre bheda prAdhAnya sIdhuM ja maLe che. paNa paryAyArthikanayanI gauNatAthI ane dravyArthikanayanI mukhyatAthI bhedavivakSA karavI hoya tyAre bhedano upacAra (Aropa) karAya che.

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168 jaina takabhASA zabda ityaSTau / tatra syAjjIvAdi vastvastyevetyatra yatkAlamastitvaM tatkAlA: zeSAnantadharmA vastunyekatreti teSAM kAlenAbhedavRttiH / yadeva cAstitvasya tadguNatvamAtmarUpaM tadevAnyAnantaguNAnAmapItyAtmarUpeNAbhedavRttiH / ya eva cAdhAro'rtho dravyAkhyo'stitvasya sa evAnyaparyAyANAmityarthenAbhedavRttiH / ya eva cAviSvagbhAvaH sambandho'stitvasya sa evAnyeSAmiti sambandhenAbhedavRttiH / ya eva copakAro'stitvena svAnuraktatvakaraNaM sa evAnyairapItyupa 'saMsargasya bheda' iti - sambandhapadenAviSvagbhAvo tAdAtmyAparanAmA vivakSitaH, tatrAbhedaH pradhAno, bhedo'pradhAnaH, saMsarge tu bhedaH pradhAno'bhedastu gauNa iti vivekaH / iti samAptaM cedaM pramANaparicchedavivaraNam / - krama ane yogapadhanuM svarUpa * zaMkA : krama zuM che ? ane yogapadya zuM che ? samA. : kALa AdithI jayAre astitvAdi dharmomAM bheda ISTa hoya che tyAre zabda eka ja sAthe aneka judA artho (dharmo) no bodha karAvavAmAM asamartha hoya che mATe krama Avazyaka bane che. dharmo parasparathI bhinnarUpe ISTa hovAthI eka dharmanA nirUpaNa dvArA anyadharmano bodha thaI zake nahIM. tethI eka zabda dvArA eka dharmanA nirUpaNa dvArA anyadharmano bodha thaI zake nahIM. tethI eka zabda dvArA eka dharmano nirdeza karyo hoya to te pachI pAchA bIjA dharmanA ullekha mATe bIjA zabdanI, vaLI trIjA dharma mATe trIjA zabdanI jarUra paDe. Ama anya anya zabdo dvArA kramazaH ja te te dharmono nirdeza thaI zake. ahIM eka dharmano nirUpaka zabda "nayazabda' kahevAya. Ama jayAre dharmano paraspara eka bIjA dharmothI ane dharmAthI bheda ISTa hoya, tyAre teonA nirUpaNa mATe "krama" Avazyaka che. tathA jyAre kAlAdinI apekSAe te ja dharmono paraspara ekabIjA dharmothI ane dharmAthI abheda vivakSita hoya che, tyAre ekadharmano bodha karAvanAra eka zabdathI, sarvadharmothI yukta te vastunuM ja pratipAdana thaI jAya che. kAraNa ke paraspara abhinna hovAthI zabdathI nahIM kahevAyelA sarvadharmo paNa te zabdathI ja kahevAI gayelA kahevAya che. (sArAMza : vastumAM anaMtadharmo che e vAta to pramANasiddha che. mATe koI paNa eka vastunuM paripUrNa rUpe pratipAdana karavuM hoya to vAstavamAM to anaMta zabdono prayoga karavo paDe kAraNa ke eka zabda to eka ja dharmane jaNAve. paraMtu e rIte lokavyavahAra cAle nahIM. mATe ApaNe eka zabdano prayoga karIe tyAre te zabdathI mukhyarUpe to te eka dharmanuM pratipAdana ja kare che ane bAkI rahelA bIjA dharmone te eka dharmathI abhinna mAnI levAmAM Ave che. A rIte eka zabdathI eka dharmanuM pratipAdana kyAre thayuM tyAre tenAthI abhinna hovAthI zeSa dharmonuM paNa pratipAdana thaI gayuM. A rIte eka ja zabda eka sAthe anaMta dharmono eTale ke saMpUrNa vastuno pratipAdaka thaI jAya che. Ane sakalAdeza (= pramANavAkya) kahevAya che.) 9 kalAdi AThanuM svarUpa have kAlAdi AThanuM svarUpa batAve che -

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pramANapariccheda kAreNAbhedavRttiH / ya eva guNinaH sambandhI deza: kSetralakSaNo'stitvasya sa evAnyeSAmiti guNidezenAbhedavRttiH / ya eva caikavastvAtmanA'stitvasya saMsargaH sa evAnyeSAmiti saMsargebhedavRttiH / guNIbhUtabhedAdabhedapradhAnAt sambandhAdviparyayeNa saMsargasya bhedaH / ya eva cAstIti zabdo'stitvadharmAtmakasya vastuno vAcakaH sa evAzeSAnantadharmAtmakasyApIti zabdenAbhedavRttiH paryAyArthikanayaguNabhAvena dravyArthikanayaprAdhAnyAdupapadyate / dravyArthikaguNabhAvena (1) kAla : 'jIvAdi vastu kathaMcit che ja'' A bhAMgAmAM pradarzita karAyela 'astitva' dharma je samaye jIvAdi vastumAM hAjara hoya che, te ja samaye bAkInA anantadharmo paNa vastumAM hAjara hoya che ja. A rIte samakAlIna hovAthI vastugata sarvadharmo kAlanI apekSAe abhinna che. (jIvadravya jyAM sudhI vidyamAna che eTale ke astitvadharmathI yukta che tyAM sudhI te bIjA anaMta dharmothI paNa yukta rahevAnuM. eTale ke jIvadravya nitya hovAthI tenAmAM astitvAdi anaMta dharmo nitya rahevAnA tathA utpanna thatAnI sAthe ja ghaTamAM astitvadharma Avyo ane tenI sAthe ja tenAmAM pRthvItvAdi anaMtadharmo paNa hAjara thaI gayA. jyAM sudhI ghaTadravya astitvadharmathI yukta raheze tyAM sudhI tenAmAM anyadharmo paNa rahevAnA ane nAza pAmavAthI jyAre ghaTano abhAva thaze, tyAre astitvAdi sarvadharmono paNa abhAva thaze kAraNa ke te badhA dharmo paNa ghaTanI sAthe ja nAza pAmI gayA. A rIte, kALanI apekSAe vastugata anaMta dharmono astitvadharmanI sAthe avinAbhAva (=tAdAtmya) siddha thAya che. 169 (2) AtmarUpa : AtmarUpa eTale svarUpa svabhAva = guNa. jema astitva dharma vastuno svabhAva che tema bIjA dharmo paNa dravyanA svabhAva che. Ama svabhAvarUpe samAna hovAthI A apekSAe paNa badhA dharmo abhinna che. (arthAt, jema astitvamAM jIvadharmatva che tema jIvanA anya dharmomAM paNa jIvadharmatva che. tethI jIvadharmatvana badhA jIvaguNomAM abheda che.) (3) artha : eTale AdhAra. dravya jema astitvadharmano AdhAra che tema anya sarvadharmono (paryAyono) paNa AdhAra dravya che. astitvadharma jema jIvane AzrayIne rahyo che tema jIvanA anya ananta dharmo paNa jIvarUpa dravyane AzrayIne rahyA che. A rIte, AzrayanI ('artha'nI) samAnatA hovAnA kAraNe te badhA dharmo artha (AdhAra)nI apekSAe paNa abhinna che. (4) saMbaMdha : dravyono astitva dharma dharmIthI pRthak upalabdha thato nathI. kAraNa ke dravyanI sAthe tene (kathaMcit) tAdAtmya (ekarUpatA) che. Ama tAdAtmyarUpa aviSvabhAva (apRthagbhAva) saMbaMdhathI jema astitvadharma dravyamAM rahyo che. tema bIjA anaMtA dharmo paNa te ja saMbaMdhathI dravyamAM rahyA che kAraNa ke badhA ja dharmo dravyathI pRtharUpe upalabdha thatA nathI ane dravya sAthe (kathaMcit) ekarUpa che. tethI saMbaMdhanA abhedathI jIvAdi dravyagata badhA dharmo vacce abheda siddha thAya che. (5) upakAra : potAnAthI anurakta karavArUpa je upakAra astitvaguNa dvArA dravya para karAya che te ja upakAra anya guNo dvArA paNa karAya che. arthAt, astitvarUpadharmathI dharmImAM svaprakArakabuddhiviSayatva rUpa upakAra thAya che e ja upakAra anya dharmo dvArA paNa dharmImAM (dravyamAM) thAya che kAraNa ke anya

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jaina tarkabhASA paryAyArthikaprAdhAnye tu na guNAnAmabhedavRttiH sambhavati, samakAlamekatra nAnAguNAnAmasambhavAt, sambhave vA tadAzrayasya bhedaprasaGgAt / nAnAguNAnAM sambandhina AtmarUpasya ca bhinnavAt, anyathA teSAM bhedavirodhAt, svAzrayasyArthasyApi nAnAtvAt, anyathA nAnAguNAzrayatvavirodhAt / sambandhasya ca sambandhibhedena bhedadarzanAt, nAnAsambandhibhirekatraikasambandhAghaTanAt / taiH kriydharmo paNa dharmI upa2 svaprakArakabuddhiviSayatvarUpa upakArane kare che. tethI upakAranA abhedathI paNa badhA dharmo vacce abheda siddha thAya che. (dareka dharmo dravyanA svarUpanA nirmANamAM bhAga bhajave che ane tenA svarUpamAM potAne anurUpa viziSTatA utpanna kare che. A rIte viziSTatAnuM nirmANa karavA dvArA dareka dharmo dravyane svAnurakta kare che. tethI ja viziSTatAnuM nirmANa karanArA dharmonA abhAvamAM dravyano paNa abhAva thAya che.) 170 (6) guNIdeza : astitva dharmano guNI = dravya je dezamAM rahyo che te ja dezamAM te vastunA anyadharmono guNI rahyo che kAraNa ke badhA guNono guNI eka ja che. (athavA, astitvadharma potAnA guNInA jeTalA pradezone vyApIne rahyo che teTalA ja pradezane vyApIne anya dharmo paNa rahyA che. paraMtu A artha bahu yuktisaMgata lAgato nathI. kAraNa ke ahIM granthakArazrIne kSetrAtmaka deza ISTa che (mATe ja to 'vezaH kSetralakSa' kahyuM che.) jyAre amUrtaguNanI guNImAM vRtti apRthabhAvathI che. jyAM apRthakbhAvathI vRtti ISTa hoya, tyAM kSetranI vicAraNA nirarthaka che. tethI ''padArthanA jeTalA pradezomAM astitvadharma che teTalA ja pradezomAM anya zeSa guNo paNa che." ItyAdi vacana ziSTajanasaMmata banI na zake.) athavA guNInA AdhAra tarIke je deza hoya, te ja dezane guNano AdhAra paNa kahI zakAya kAraNa ke guNaguNI kathaMcid abhinna che. tethI potAnA guNI saMbaMdhI je deza astitvadharmano che, te ja deza anya guNono paNa che kAraNa ke astitva dharmanI jema anya guNo paNa potAnA guNInA AdhArabhUta dezamAM ja upalabdha thAya che. eTale ke je sthaLe guNIgata astitvadharma upalabdha thAya che te sthaLe anyadharmo paNa upalabdha thAya che. A rIte, samAnadezamAM upalabdha thatA hovAthI guNIdezanI apekSAe paNa abheda che. Avo artha ka2vAmAM pUrvokta doSano saMbhava dekhAto nathI. nayajJa bahuzruto A bAbatamAM nirNAyaka che. (7) saMsarga : astitvadharmano vastusvarUpa sAthe je saMsarga che, te ja saMsarga te vastunA anya dharmono paNa che. paryAyanayanI apekSAe vastu tenA guNothI bhinna che. bhinna evA guNo saMsargathI (vaizeSikAdi mate samavAyasaMsargathI) vastuno Azraya kare che. astitva (anyamate sattA) je saMsargathI (anyamate samavAyathI) jIvAdidravyamAM vRtti che, e ja saMsargathI anyaguNo paNa dravyamAM vRtti che. athavA, astitva vagere ekavastugatasakaladharmo eka ja vastunA svarUpa che. tethI eka vAtmakasaMbaMdhathI (vastusvarUpasaMbaMdhI) astitvano vastu sAthe je saMsarga che te ja saMsarga anya dharmono paNa che. vastunA dharmono vastuthI bhedano vyavahAra lokomAM thAya che - jema ke TameTAnI lAlAza, ghaDAnuM hovApaNa (vidyAmAnatA). A bhinna dharmo vastunA svarUpa hovAthI svarUpasaMbaMdhathI vastumAM vRtti che. tethI astitva, je svarUpamAMthI vastuno saMsarga kare che, te ja svarUpa saMbaMdhathI anya dharmo paNa saMsarga kare che. A rIte saMsargano abheda hovAthI paNa

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pramANapariccheda mANasyopakArasya ca pratiniyatarUpasyAnekatvAt, anekairupakAribhiH kriyamANasyopakArasyaikasya virodhAt / guNidezasya ca pratiguNaM bhedAt, tadabhede bhinnArthaguNAnAmapi guNidezAbhedaprasaGgAt / saMsargasya ca pratisaMsargi bhedAt, tadabhede saMsargibhedavirodhAt / zabdasya prativiSayaM nAnAtvAt, dharmo vacce abheda siddha thAya che.) zaMkA : 'saMbaMdha' ane 'saMsarga' A banne padono artha to eka ja che tethI kAlAdi AThamAM saMbaMdha ane saMsarga A bannenuM grahaNa karavAthI punarukti doSa nahIM Ave ? samA. : saMbaMdha padathI kathaMcit tAdAtmyarUpa aviSvabhAvanuM grahaNa karAyuM che. tethI tyAM abheda pradhAna ane bheda gauNa rahe che tethI pradhAnabhUta saMbaMdhanA abhedathI tyAM dharmo vacce abheda siddha thAya che. 'saMsarga' padathI tAdAtmyabhinnasaMbaMdhanI vivakSA che tethI tyAM bheda pradhAna che ane abheda gauNa che. tethI saMsarga apradhAnabhUta abhedanI apekSAe dravyagata badhA dharmo vacce abheda siddha kare che. A rItanI vivakSAdhIna vizeSatA hovAthI saMbaMdha ane saMsargamAM punarukti doSa saMbhavato nathI. TuMkamAM, aviSvabhAvasaMbaMdhamAM vastuno dharma sAtheno bheda gauNa che ane abheda pradhAnapaNe che. jyAre saMsargamAM abheda gauNa che ane bheda pradhAna che. banne vacce ATalo taphAvata che. (8) zabda : astitvadharmayukta vastuno vAcaka je 'khrasti' zabda che te ja 'asti' zabda bAkInA anaMtadharmothI yukta te vastuno vAcaka paNa che. jema astitvadharmathI yukta hovAthI 'vastu asti' (=che) ema kahevAya che, tema zeSa anaMtadharmothI yukta hovAthI paNa 'vastu asti' (=che) ema kahevAya che. A rIte zabdanI apekSAe paNa dharmo abhinna che. A pramANe paryAyArthikanayane gauNa karI ane dravyArthikanayane pradhAna karIne kALa Adi ATha dvArA dharmo vacce A rIte abheda siddha karyo. 171 * paryAyArthiktaye kAlAdi AThanuM svarUpa * dravyArthikanayane gauNa karavAmAM Ave ane paryAyArthikanayane mukhya karavAmAM Ave to A ja kAlAdi AThanI apekSAe dharmomAM abheda saMbhave nahIM (mATe upacArano Azraya levo paDe che.) te A pramANe(1) kALa : guNo samAnakAlIna nathI kAraNa ke ekakALe eka ja vastumAM ghaNA guNo saMbhavI zake nahIM ane jo ekakALe eka ja vastumAM ghaNA guNo mAnazo to jeTalA guNo teTalA guNI mAnavA paDaze. arthAt, ekanI eka vastune anekavasturUpa mAnavI paDaze. (paryAyArthikanaya vartamAnagrAhI che tathA vartamAnakSaNe rahelI vastune tenA tatkAlIna pragaTa eka paryAyamaya ja mAne che tathA te ja paryAyane te vastunA tatkAlInadharma tarIke svIkAre che. tethI anaMtadharmAtmaka vastunA anaMtadharmo pragaTarUpe bhinnakAlIna hovAthI A naya te dharmone kAlanA bhede bhinna ja mAne che. jema ke bALa ane yuvAparyAya. bAlyAvasthA (=paryAya) ane yuvAvasthAne jo bhinna mAnavAmAM na Ave, to bannene samakAlIna mAnavA paDe, eTale ke bAlyAvasthAno tyAga ane yuvAvasthAno svIkAra thaI zake nahIM. tathA kSaNe kSaNe paryAyo badalAtA hovAthI vastunuM svarUpa paNa badalAya che ane svarUpabhede vastubheda che. A rIte paryAyArthika naya paryAyabhede vastubheda mAne che. tethI vastumAM samakALe aneka paryAyo mAnI zakAya nahIM. tethI paryAyo vacce kAlanI apekSAe bheda che. (2) AtmarUpa : dareka guNo bhinna svabhAvavALA che. jo eka ja svabhAvavALA hoya to badhA

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172 jaina tarkabhASA sarvaguNAnAmekazabdavAcyatAyAM sarvArthAnAmekazabdavAcyatApatteriti kAlAdibhirbhinnAtmanAmabhedopacAraH kriyate / evaM bhedavartitadupacArAvapi vAcyAviti / paryavasitaM parokSam / tatazca nirUpitaH pramANapadArthaH / iti jainatarkabhASAyAM pramANaparicchedaH / guNo e ja hota. eka svabhAvI guNo judA judA hoI na zake. ekadravyavRttisvabhAva badhA guNomAM eka ja hovAthI badhA guNo abhinna che ema dravyArthikanayane saMmata che, chatAM dareka guNonuM potAnuM svataMtra astitva svabhAvabheda vinA saMbhave nahIM. "sparzaguNa karatA rUpaguNano svabhAva judo che." e pratIta ja che. tethI svabhAvanI apekSAe paNa guNo bhinna che. (3) artha : guNonA AzrayabhUta padArtho paNa aneka che. padArthamAM anekatA na hoya to te aneka guNono Azraya banI na zake. (pUrve darzAvyuM che tema padArtha ekakSaNe eka guNayukta hoya che ane te kSaNe aneka guNo dRSTa thAya che.) A aneka guNo AzrayabhUta dravyanI anekatA vinA siddha thAya nahIM tethI A aneka guNo AzrayanI anekatAne siddha kare che. A ja rIte viSamakALe dekhAtA aneka guNo paNa vastunI anekatA siddha kare che. kAcI kerI khATA rasavALI hoya che ane pAkI kerI mIThA rasavALI hoya che. jo banne avasthA daramyAna karI sarvathA ekarUpa ja hoya to pachI khATA ane mIThA rasa vacce paNa bheda na ghaTe) mATe bhinnakAlIna guNonA AzrayarUpe paNa vastu anekAtmaka che. A rIte, AdhAra (=artha)nI apekSAe paNa dharmomAM paraspara bheda che. (4) saMbaMdha : saMbaMdhIo bhinna hovAthI saMbaMdha paNa bhinna bhinna che. aneka saMbaMdhIo vacce eka ja saMbaMdha hoya te ghaTI na zake. (vastu anaMtadharmAtmaka che. paryAyArthikanayanI apekSAe e badhA dharmo paraspara bhinna bhinna che. te anaMtA paraspara bhinna bhinna dharmonA AdhAra tarIke dravya paNa anaMtAtmaka che. jema ke Aspharasa guNano AdhAra kAcI kerI che, madhura rasa guNano AdhAra pAkI kerI che. A rIte guNaguNInA yugalo bhinna bhinna hovAthI teo vaccenA saMbaMdho paNa bhinna bhinna che. mATe saMbaMdhanI apekSAe paNa guNo vacce bheda che. guNa-guNI vacce apRthabhAva ( kathaMcit tAdAbhya) saMbaMdha hoya che je tAdAbhyathI ekaguNa svaguNImAM vRtti hoya te ja tAdAbhyathI anyaguNo svaguNImAM vRtti na hoI zake kAraNa ke tAdAmya = ekarUpatA = abheda. tethI jo badhe eka ja tAdAbhya hoya to pachI badhA guNo abhinna thaI jAya. jyAre paryAyArthikanaya mate to guNo vacce bheda che. (5) upakAra : dareka guNa potAnA guNInA svarUpanA nirmANamAM bhAga bhajave che paNa te potapotAnI alaga rIte bhAga bhajave che. (= upakAra kare che.) arthAt, guNI para anekagaNa dvArA je upakAra thayelo hoya tenA karatA vilakSaNa prakArano upakAra te ja guNI para anya guNa dvArA thayelo che. jema ke Avu rasa guNa potAnA guNI (kerI) para "khATA rasavALI banAvavA" rUpa upakAra kare che jayAre madhurarasa guNa guNI para Avo upakAra karI zakato nathI. te tene mIThArasavALI banAvavA rUpa upakAra kare che. sugaMdhaguNa tene sugaMdhI banAvavA rUpa upakAra kare che. Ama upakAranI apekSAe paNa guNomAM bheda che. (6) guNI deza : guNImAM rahelA eka guNanI apekSAe te guNI je dezamAM che, tenAthI bhinnadezamAM te guNIne potAnA bIjA guNanI apekSAe svIkAravo joIe kAraNa ke te guNo paraspara ekabIjAthI

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pramANapariccheda 173 ane guNothI bhinna che. jo AvuM na mAno to ghaTa ane paTanA guNomAM paNa abheda mAnavAnI Apatti Ave. (be bhinna guNImAM rahelA guNo jo bhinna che to teonA guNInA dezo paNa bhinna dekhAya che. tema ahIM guNo paraspara bhinna hovAthI teonA guNIno deza paNa bhinna mAnavo joIe. athavA, dareka guNonA guNI bhinna bhinna che. A bhinna bhinna guNIo bhinna bhinna kSetramAM rahelA che mATe te te guNImAM rahelA guNo paNa bhinna bhinna kSetramAM upalabdha thaze. arthAt, bhinna bhinna kSetramAM raheze.) (7) saMsarga : pratyeka saMsargInA saMsarga judA judA che. eka ja saMsargathI judA judA guNo potAnA AzrayamAM rahI zake nahIM. (dA.ta. caitra jayAre "daMDa grahaNa kare tyAre tene daMDano saMsarga thAya che ane pote daMDI' paryAyane pAme che. jayAre te daMDa choDIne chatra dhAraNa kare tyAre daMDa paNa hAjara che ane pote paNa hAjara che chatAM ya daMDano saMsarga naSTa thAya che mATe "daMDI' paryAya paNa vilIna thaI jAya che. chatrano saMsarga utpanna thAya che, mATe 'chatrI' paryAyane pAme che. A daSTAnta dvArA spaSTa jaNAya che ke daMDa ane daMDavALA caitra vacce je saMsarga hato te chatra ane chatravALA caitra vacce nathI. A rIte dareka guNono svaguNI sAtheno saMsarga alaga alaga che. Ama saMsarga bhedathI saMsargI (guNo) ane guNImAM bheda che ema siddha thAya che. (8) zabda : pratyeka zabdano viSaya ( vArtha) alaga alaga hoya che. eka zabdathI eka ja vastu ane teno koI eka ja paryAya jaNAI zake. "ghaTa' zabda kaMbugrIvAdimAn AkAravALI eka ja vastu ane tenA ghaTa avasthArUpa paryAyane jaNAvI zake anyane nahIM. jo eka zabda badhA paryAyo jaNAvI zakato hoya to (1) anya paryAyone jaNAvavA mATe vaparAtA bIjA zabdo vyartha thavAnI Apatti Avaze. tathA (2) eka ja zabda sAMbhaLavAthI railokyavartI sarvavastuonA sarva paryAyo jaNAI javAnI Apatti Avaze, tathA (3) te zabdathI vaktAne kaI vastu ane teno kayo paryAya abhipreta che te nizcita thaI na zake arthAt, vaktAnuM tAtparya samajI na zakavAnI Apatti Ave. (4) vaktAnuM tAtparya samajI na zakavAthI tadanurUpa pravRtti paNa nahIM thAya. A rIte DhagalAbaMdha Apattio AvatI hovAthI eka zabda sarvaparyAyono bodha karAvI zake te saMgata nathI. tethI siddha thAya che ke dareka paryAyonA vAcaka zabdo paNa judA judA che. A rIte zabdanI apekSAe paNa guNomAM bheda che. Ama dravyArthikanayanI apekSAe kAlAdi ATha dvArA sarvaguNo vacce abheda siddha thAya che ane paryAyArthikanayanI apekSAe kAlAdi ATha dvArA sarvaguNo vacce bheda siddha thAya che. Ama paryAyArthikanayanI apekSAe ekavastu anaMtaguNonI kAlAdi ATha dvArA amedavRtti pAramArthika rIte asaMbhavita che. tethI te vakhate kAlAdi ATha dvArA abhedano upacAra karavAmAM Ave che. A ja rIte dravyArthikanayanI apekSAe kAlAdi ATha dvArA sarvaguNo vacce upacAra karavAmAM Ave che. A ja rIte dravyArthikanayanI apekSAe kAlAdi ATha dvArA sarvaguNo vacce bhedavRtti pAramArthika rIte asaMbhavita che mATe te vakhate kAlAdi ATha dvArA bhedano upacAra karavAmAM Ave che. (TUMkamAM - pramANathI anaMtadharmothI yukata rUpe jJAta thayelI vastunuM abhedavRtti ke abheda upacAra dvArA eka sAthe abhidhAna karatuM vacana "sakalAdeza kahevAya che ane te "pramANavAkya' tarIke paNa oLakhAya che. nayanA viSaya banatA bhedavRtti ke bhedopacArathI kramazaH vidhAna karatuM vacana 'vikalAdeza' kahevAya che. tene "nayavAkya' paNa kahevAya che. iti pramANaparicchedaH

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174 atha nayaparicchedavivaraNam pramANAnyuktAni / atha nayA ucyante / pramANaparicchinnasyAnantadharmAtmakasya vastuna 'atha nayA ucyante' iha hi sarvaM vastvanantadharmAtmakatayA saGkIrNasvabhAvamiti tatparicchedakena pramANenApi tathaiva bhavitavyamityasaGkIrNapratiniyatadharmaprakArakavyavahArasiddhaye nayAnAM sAmarthyAttadvyutpAdanArthamayamArambhaH / tathAhi pramANavad nayAnAmapi arthopalabdhau hetutvaM davvANa savvabhAvA savvappamANehiM jassa uvaladdhA savvAhiM nayavihIhiM, vitthArarUi tti nAyavvo' (uttarA adhya. 28) iti, tathA 'pramANanayairadhigamaH' (tattvA. 1/6) ityAdivacanaprAmANyAt nayAnAmapi adhigamopAyatvaM zAstrasiddhameva / ata eva anuyogadvAracatuSTaye'pi tannivezaH kRtaH pUrvAcAryaiH / nanu pramANabhinnatayA nayapratipAdanamayuktam, svArthavyavasAyakatvena tasya pramANasvarUpAnatikramAt, svArthavyavasAyakatve'pi tasya pramANatvAnabhyupagame pramANasyApi tathAvidhasya pramANatvaM na syAditi kazcit, kintu na sa vipazcit, nayasya svArthaikadezavyavasAyalakSaNatvena svArthavyavasAyakatvAsiddheH / nanu nayaviSayatayA sammato'rthaikadezo'pi yadi vastu tadA tatparicchedI nayaH pramANameva, vastuparicchedalakSaNatvAtpramANasya, sa na cedvastu, tarhi tadviSayako nayo mithyAjJAnameva syAt, tasyAvastujJAna-viSayatvalakSaNAditi cet, tadapi nAnavadyam, arthaikadezasya vastutvAvastutvaparihAreNa vastvaMzatayA pRthak pratijJAnAt / taduktam nAyaM vastu na cAvastu vatsvaMzaH kathyate budhaiH, nAsamudraH samudro vA samudrAMzI thocyate / / tanmAtrasya samudratve zeSAMzasyAsamudratA samudrabahutA vA syAttaccetko'stu samudravit / / (ta. zlo. vA. pR. 118 zlo. 5-6 ) iti vastvaMze pravartamAno nayaH svArthaikadezavyavasAyalakSaNo na pramANam nApi mithyAjJAnamiti sthitam / nanu yathA aMzo na vastu nApyavastu kintu vastvaMza eveti mataM, tathAMzI na vastu nApyavastu, tasyAMzitvAdeva, vastutvaM hi aMzAMzibhAvaniyataM / tato'zeSviva pravartamAnaM jJAnamaMzinyapi yosstu, anyathA yathA tatra pravRttaM jJAnaM pramANaM tathAMzesvapi kiM na syAt, vizeSAbhAvAt / tathopagame ca na pramANAdaparo nayaH samasti / taduktam 'yathAMzini pravRttasya jJAnasyeSTA pramANatA, tathAMzeSvapi kiM na syAditi mAnAtmako nayaH / ' (ta. zlo. vA. pR. 123 zlo. 18) iti / etadapyayuktam upasarjanIkRtAkhilAMzamaMzivijJAnaM naya eva tatra dravyArthikanayasya vyApArAt / pradhAnabhAvArpitasakalAMze tu kva pramANatvavyAghAtaH ?, aMzimAtrajJAnasya pramANatvAnabhyupagamAt tataH pramANAdapara eva naya ityadhikamanyatra / 'nayA:' iti 'nayA' iti bahuvacanAntalakSyanirdezo nayAnAmAnantyasaMsUcanArtham / taduktam sammatI yataH - jaina tarkabhASA pramANanI prarUpaNA karI lIdhA pachI have nayonI prarUpaNA karAya che. aneka bhedavALI koIpaNa vastunuM pratipAdana karavuM hoya to sau prathama tenuM sAmAnya lakSaNa jaNAvIne pachI tenA bhedonuM vizeSa lakSaNa jaNAvavuM joIe. pramANa prarUpaNAmAM paNa A ja zailI hatI. ahIM paNa sau prathama nayanuM sAmAnya 1. dravyANAM sarvabhAvA sarvapramANairyasyopalabdhAH sarvaiH nayavidhibhirvistararuciriti jJAtavyaH 1 -

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nayapariccheda 175 ekadezagrAhiNastaditarAMzApratikSepiNo'dhyavasAyavizeSA nayAH / pramANaikadezatvAta teSAM tato 1'jAvaiyA vayaNapahA, tAvaiyA ceva huMti nayavAyA / jAvaiyA nayavAyA, tAvaiyA ceva parasamayA' (gA. 3/ 47) vastvaikadharmaparyavasitAnAM pramAtrabhiprAyANAM nayatvAbhidhAnAt, vastunazcAnantadharmatvAdanantA nayA sambhavanti / tathApi prAktanAcAryaiH sarvasaGgrAhisaptAbhiprAyaparikalpanAdvAreNa saptanayAH pratipAditA: naigamAdayo vakSyamANanAmAnaH / kathameSAM sakalAbhiprAyasaGgrAhakatvamiti cet, ucyate, abhiprAyastAvadarthadvAreNa zabdadvAreNa vA pravartate, gatyantarAbhAvAt / arthazca sAmAnyarUpo vizeSarUpo vA, zabdo'pi vaDhito vyutpattitazca, vyutpattirapi sAmAnyanimittaprayuktA tatkAlabhAvinimittaprayuktA vA syAt / tatra ye kecanArthanirUpaNapravaNAH pramAtrabhiprAyAste sarve'pyAdye nayacatuSTaye'ntarbhavanti / tatrApi ye parasparavizakalito sAmAnyavizeSAvicchanti tatsamudAyarUpo naigamaH / ye punaH kevalaM sAmAnyaM vAJchanti tatsamUhasaMpAdyaH saGgrahaH / ye punaranapekSitazAstrIyasAmAnyavizeSaM lokavyavahAravIthimavatarantaM ghaTAdikaM padArthamabhipreyanti tAdRzAbhiprAyanicayajanyo vyavahAraH / ye punaH saugatAdayaH kSaNakSayiNaH paramANulakSaNA vizeSAH satyA iti manyante tatsaGghAtaghaTita RjusUtraH / ye rUDhitaH zabdAnAM pravRttimicchanti tannivahaniSpAdyaH zabdaH / ye tu vyutpattito dhvanInAM pravRttimicchanti nAnyathA, tatsamUhajanyaH samabhirUDhaH / ye tu vartamAnakAlabhAvivyutpattinimittamadhikRtya zabdAH pravartante nAnyatheti manyante tatsaGghaTitaH khalvevambhUta iti / tadevaM na sa kazcana vikalpo'sti vastugocaro yo'tra nayasaptake nAntaryAtIti sarvAbhiprAyasaGgrAhakA eta iti samyak sthitam / ____ 'pramANaparicchinnasyAnantadharmAtmakasya vastuna ekadezagrAhiNastaditarAMzApratikSepiNo'dhyavasAyavizeSA nayA: atra prathamaM tAvallakSaNaghaTakapadasArthakyaM vicAryate - pramANaparicchinnasyaiva vastuno nayairvicAraNA yuktA, ityAvedayituM 'pramANaparicchinnasyeti vastuvizeSaNam / dharmadharmiNoratyaMtabhedavAdanirAsAya 'anntdhrmaatmlakSaNa jaNAve che. * nayanu sAmAnya lksse| * pramANa dvArA jaNAyelI anaMta dharmAtmaka vastunA eka dezanuM grahaNa karanAra ane Itara aMzono pratikSepa (khaMDana) na karanAra adhyavasAya vizeSane "naya' kahevAya che. nayane adhyavasAya vizeSAtmaka kahyA che tethI jaNAya che ke naya jJAnAtmaka hovA ISTa che. nayanA lakSaNanuM padakRtya : je vastunA amuka aMzanI vicAraNA karavI hoya te vastu pramANasiddha hovI joIe. aprAmANika vastu upara nayavicAraNA thaI zake nahIM. e jaNAvavA mATe 'vastunuM 'pramANaparicchinnasya' se vizeSa bhUsyuM che.. vastunu, 'anaMtadharmAtmakasya' me jITuM vizeSa bhUDIne dharma-yA vyyen| satyaMta mevAhana nirAsa karyo che. tema ja AgaLa lakSaNamAM "ekadeza" ane "taditarAMza' Ama je kahevAnuM che enI prasiddhi mATe mA vizeSa cha. 32413 zano vastune niraMza mAne che. 'pramANaparicchinnasya' bhane 'anaMtadharmAtmakasya'. 1. yAvanto vacanapathAstAvantazcaiva bhavanti nayavAdAH, yAvanto nayavAdAstAvantazcaiva parasamayAH /

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176 jaina tarkabhASA bhedaH / yathA hi samudraikadezo na samudro nApyasamudrastathA nayA api na pramANaM na vA'prakasyeti dvitIyaM tadvizeSaNam / vizeSaNadvayamapyetat svarUpadarzanArthamiti vastuto na lakSaNaghaTakam / yadvA, lakSaNaghaTaka 'ekadeza'-'taditarAMza' padaprasiddhaye'nantadharmAtmakasyetipadasyopayogitvaM, kaizcid niraMzasyaiva vastuno'bhyupagamAt, tanniSedho'pi anena padenopapadyate / 'vastuna' iti sAmAnyAbhidhAnena nayAnAmazeSavastuviSayapravartiSNutvamAveditaM bhavati / durnaye'tivyAptivAraNAya 'ekadezagrAhiNa' ityuktaM, durnayasyApi svAbhipretAMzApratikSepitvAt, ekadezagrAhiNa ityuktau ca tatpadasya pUrvaparAmarzitayA pUrvokta 'ekadeza' padArthagrAhakatvameva syAdatastaditarapadenAnabhimatAMzasyaiva grahaNasambhavAnnAtivyAptiriti bhAvaH / 'taditarAMzApratikSepiNa' iti padamapi durnaye'tivyAptivAraNArtham / saptabhaGgAtmakazabdapramANapradIrdhasantatAdhyavasAyaikadeze'tivyAptivAraNAya adhyavasAyapadopAdAnaM, zarIraikadeze hastAdilakSaNe yathA na zarIratvaM tathA nAdhyavasAyatvamadhyavasAyaikadeze sammatamiti bhAvaH / nanu adhyavasAyazca jJAnarUpaH, sa cAtra nayatvena vivakSitaH, tatazca bhavedAgamavirodho yadAha Avazyakaniyuktau bhagavAn bhadrabAhuH 1"uvaeso so Nao NAma tti' (Ava.ni.1054) iti cet, na, tatra nayajanyopadeze nayapadopacArAdavirodha ityuktaM nayarahasye / apAyajJAnasyApi svAbhipretarUpAdigrAhakatvaM taditararasAdyapratikSepitvamato'tivyAptaM syAnnayalakSaNaM tatra, na ceSTApattyA parihAraH, apAyajJAne pramANatvapratipAdanena A be svarUpadarzaka vizeSaNo che. vyAvartaka nathI, temaja lakSaNaghaTaka nathI. vastunaH pada (sAmAnyAbhidhAna) mUkavAthI e sUcita thAya che ke vastumAtramAM naya pravartI zake che. 'ekadezagrAhiNaH' mej 56 lakSa pAsyamA na bhU to hunayama mAtivyAta mAve. // 29 // 3 hurnaya paNa vastunA svAbhipreta aMzano apratikSepI che ja. tethI 'taditarAMza' padathI anabhipretathI Itara (=svAmita) saMza, teno apratikSepI hovAthI hunayama lakSa! ativyA5 jane paraMtu ekadezagrAhiNaH' pada mUkavAthI A ativyAptinuM vAraNa thaze. kAraNa ke "ta' pada pUrvoktano ja parAmarza karavAnA svabhAvavALuM DovAthI 'tat' 54thI pUrvosta se'heza (= svAbhipretAMza)nuM 4 a thaze. tenAthI ta2 = anabhipretAMza, teno apratikSepI hoya te naya. A rIte lakSaNa samanvaya thaze. 'taditarAMzApratikSepiNaH' 56 na bhU to 55 hunayamAM ativyAti mAve // 25 // hunaya 59 svAbhipretAMzano grAhaka hovAthI temAM lakSaNa ativyApta banaze paraMtu durnaya ItarAMzano pratikSepa karanArA DovAthI 'taditarAMzApratikSepiNaH' 54thI teno vyavacche6 56 4AthI tivyAti ghoSanu vaa29|| 45 14 . 'adhyavasAya' 56 sAyama na bhU to syAdastyeva', 'syAnnAstyeva' tyahi samAtma 2065mAthI thn|2| hI me madhyavasAya meza35 'syAdastyeva' tyA35 meha-vAsyaprayogathI thanArA adhyavasAyamAM nayalakSaNanI ativyApti Avaze kAraNa ke te AdhyavasAyika dezathI paNa vivakSitains sane vivakSita zanI maniSe5 to thAya che. hoparnu nivaa21|| 421 // mATe 'adhyavasAya' pada mukAyuM che. adhyavasAyanA eka dezamAM adhyavasAyatva mAnyuM nathI. (jema zarIra,dezabhUta hastAdimAM zarIratva mAnyuM nathI tema) tethI atiprasaMga nahIM Ave. 1. upadezaH sa nayo nAma /

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nayapariccheda 177 mANamiti / te ca dvidhA-dravyArthikaparyAyArthikabhedAt / tatra prAdhAnyena dravyamAtragrAhI nayatvarodhAt / ato 'vizeSa'padopAdAnam, tatazca nayatvenAbhipretA adhyavasAyA eva gRhyante na sarve'pIti sUktaM nayalakSaNam / ___ nanu anantadharmAtmakasya vastunaH svAbhipretAMzagrAhakaH khalu naya ucyate sa ca kathaM samyagjJAnarUpaH syAt ? atyalpAMzasyaiva grAhakatayA bahutarAMzAgrAhakatvAditi cet, aho vaiduSyaM ? itthaM hi preryamANe na kevalajJAnAtiriktaM kiJcana samyagjJAnatayA prasiddhyeta, zeSajJAnAnAM sAvaraNatayA sakalAMzagrAhakatvAbhAvAt / ataH prAdhAnyena svAbhipretAMzagrAhakatve'pi taditarAMzApratikSepeNa gauNabhAvena tadagrAhakatvamapi upapadyata eveti adhyavasAya pachI 'vizeSa pada lagADavAnuM prayojana e che ke pramANaparicchinnI vastuna vizagrApti taddhitarazAtikSepita adhyavasAya nayA' eTaluM ja jo mUke to apAya dhAraNArUpa pratyakSa pramANamAM ativyApti Ave. je apAyathI ghaTAdimAM rUpanuM jJAna thAya ane rasAdino apratikSepa thAya te rUpAdinuM apAyajJAna paNa pramANaparicchinna anaMtadharmAtmaka vastunA ekadezagrAhI taditarAMzaapratikSepI adhyavasAyarUpa bane che. paraMtu tyAM lakSaNa jAya te ISTa nathI kAraNa ke apAya to pramANarUpa che mATe vizeSa pada mUkyuM che. have A doSa nahIM Ave. adhyavasAyavizeSane ja naya kahevAthI phalita thAya che ke badhA adhyavasAyomAM nayatva vivakSita nathI paraMtu amuka cokkasa adhyavasAyomAM ja te nayatva vivakSita che. apAyAdi pramANarUpa adhyavasAyo nayarUpa nathI tethI tenuM vizeSapadathI grahaNa nahIM thAya. A pramANe pramANasiMddha anaMtadharmAtmaka vastunA ekadezanuM grahaNa karanAra ane ItarAMzano pratikSepa nahIM karanArA adhyavasAyavizeSane naya kahevAya che evuM nayanuM sAmAnya lakSaNa siddha thayuM. zaMkA : vastu anaMtadharmAtmaka che ane naya to vastunA koI ekAda vivakSita dharmanuM ja grahaNa kare che to AvA adhUrA jJAnane samyajJAna zI rIte kahevAya ? samA : vastunA sarvadharmone grahaNa karanArA jJAnane ja jo samyajJAna kahezo to pachI kevaLajJAna sivAyanA koI jJAnane tame samyajJAna kahI nahIM zako. vastutaH anaMtadharmAtmaka vastunA koI ekAda vivakSita aMzanuM ja grahaNa karavA chatA paNa naya te vastunA ItarAMzono niSedha karato nathI paNa gauNabhAve svIkAra kare che. tethI vivakSita aMzanuM pradhAnabhAve ane ItarAMzono niSedha nahIM karavArUpa gauNabhAve svIkAra karanAra hovAthI nayamAM paNa pradhAna-gauNabhAve vastunA sarvadharmono svIkAra AvI jato hovAthI nayane samyajJAna kahevAmAM koI bAdha nathI. zaMkA : pramANamAM jema vastunuM satyarUpe grahaNa thAya che ane nayamAM paNa tema ja thatuM hoya to pachI pramANa ane nayamAM bheda zuM rahyo ? kAraNa ke satyarUpe grahaNa karavAno svabhAva to bannemAM samAna che. samaya : satyarUpe grahaNa karavAno svabhAva to bannemAM samAna hovA chatAM paNa pramANa vastunuM satyarUpe grahaNa kare che tyAre naya vastunA amuka aMzanuM ja satyarUpe grahaNa kare che. tethI naya e to eka deza che mATe pramANathI teno bheda paDe che. A ja vAtane granthakArazrI dRSTAMtathI samajAve che. jema samudrano ekadeza e samudra paNa nathI ane asamudra paNa nathI. eka bindune ja jo samudra kahe to zeSa binduo asamudra banI jAya ane pratyeka bindune samudra kahe to eka samudra paNa kroDo samudrAtmaka banI javAnI samA

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178 jaina tarkabhASA dravyArthikaH / prAdhAnyena paryAyamAtragrAhI paryAyArthikaH / tatra dravyArthikastridhA naigamasaGgrahavyavahArabhedAt / paryAyArthikazcaturdhA RjusUtrazabdasamabhirudvaivambhUtabhedAt / RjusUtro dravyArthikasyaiva bheda iti tu jinabhadragaNikSamAzramaNAH / ___ tatra sAmAnyavizeSAdyanekadharmopanayanaparo'dhyavasAyo naigamaH, yathA paryAyayordravyayoH paryAyana samyaktvapracyavo nayAnAm / 'prAdhAnyena dravyamAtragrAhI' - nanu mAtrapadenAtra paryAyapratikSepAt paryAyArthikalakSaNe'pi 'mAtra'padena dravyapratikSepAd ubhayatra durnayatvaM prasajyata iti cet, na, mAtrapadasyAvadhAraNArthatvAt, tasya ca vyavacchedaphalakatvAt prAdhAnyena dravyamAtrasya grAhako dravyArthikaH, na tu prAdhAnyena paryAyasyApi grAhakaH sa, gauNabhAvena tu syAdapItyevamuktaM bhavati / 'prAdhAnyena' iti padasamabhivyAhArAdetadarthalAbhaH samarthanIyaH / itthaM hi paryAyArthikalakSaNe'pi durnayatvazaGkA'panetavyA / 'tatra sAmAnyavizeSa' iti - naigamo hi sattAlakSaNaM mahAsAmAnyamavAntarasAmAnyAni ca dravyatvaguNatvakarmatvAdIni, tathAntyAnvizeSAn sakalAsAdhAraNarUpalakSaNAnavAntaravizeSAMzcApekSayA pararUpavyAvartanakSamAn Apatti Ave tethI samudranuM eka bindu samudra paNa nathI ane asamudra paNa nathI. paraMtu samudra karatA judo che (pachI bhale ne jalAtmakatvena banne samAna hoya) Aja rIte pramANanA ekadezarUpa hovAthI naya pramANa paNa nathI ke apramANa paNa nathI. kintu ubhayathI vilakSaNa che. * dravyArthiparyAyArthika naya vibhAga 9 nayanA sAmAnya lakSaNanI aTalI chaNAvaTa karyA pachI have tenA mukhya be bhedo jaNAve che. nayanA mukhya be bhedo che : (1) dravyArthika naya (2) paryAyArthika naya. dravyanuM ja pradhAnarUpe grahaNa karanArA adhyavasAyavizeSane dravyArthika (dravyAstika) naya kahevAya che. paryAyanuM ja pradhAnarUpe grahaNa karanArA adhyavasAyavizeSane paryAyArthika (paryAyAstika) naya kahevAya che. zaMkA : nayasAmAnyanA lakSaNamAM tame ema kahyuM che ke amuka aMzanuM grahaNa kare paNa taditarAMzano pratikSepa na kare tene naya kahevAya. paraMtu dravyArthika naya to dravyamAtragrAhI che tethI "mAtra' padathI paryAyano pratikSepa thayo kahevAya ne ? A ja rIte paryAyamAtragrAhIne paryAyArthika naya kahyo. temAM "mAtra' padathI dravyano pratikSepa thayo kahevAya ne ? to pachI naya sAmAnyanuM lakSaNa AmAM ghaTaze nahIM. tethI pUrvokta lakSaNa avyApta banaze. samA : dravyArthika ane paryAyArthika nayanA lakSaNamAM "prAdhAnyana' zabda mUkAyo che e tame bhUlI gayA lAgo cho. "pradhAnyana DrImatrimAdI dravyartha:' pradhAnarUpe je dravyanuM ja grahaNa kare te dravyArthika naya evo artha lAge che. tethI jaNAya che ke "mAtra pada ahIM prava kAra (avadhAraNa) arthamAM vaparAyuM che ane avadhAraNa to vyavacchedaphalaka (kaMIka bAdabAkI karanAra) ja hoya che. tethI "pradhAnarUpe dravyanuM ja grahaNa karanAra" no artha 'pradhAna rUpe paryAyanuM grahaNa nahIM karanAra" Avo ja thaze. tethI gauNarUpe paryAyanuM

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nayapariccheda 179 sAmAnyAdatyantabhinnasvarUpAn, AdipadAnnityatvAnityatvAdergrahaNaM, tathAvidhAnAmanekadharmANAM dharmiNyupanayane parata pravaNaH adhyavasAyo'bhiprAyo naigama ityarthaH / nanu sAmAnyavizeSAdhubhayadharmAvagAhitvaM hi pramANatvavyApyaM ataH tadavagAhini naigame pramANatvaM syAditi cet, na, syAdevam yadi zabalatadabhyupagamo vivakSyate, na grahaNa dravyArthika nayamAM paNa akhaMDita rahe che. A ja rIte paryAyArthika nayamAM paNa gauNarUpe dravyanuM grahaNa akhaMDita rahe che kAraNa ke pradhAnarUpe paryAyanuM ja grahaNa karanAra, arthAt pradhAnarUpe dravyanuM grahaNa nahIM karanArA nayane ja paryAyArthika kahyo che.) A rIte nayanA sAmAnya lakSaNanI tame batAvelI avyAptinuM nirAkaraNa thaI jAya che. have dravyArthika ane paryAyArthika nayanA uttarabhedo jaNAve che - naigama, saMgraha ena vyavahAra e traNa dravyArthika nayo che. RjusUtra, zabda, samabhirUDha, evaMbhUta e cAra paryAyArthika nanyo che. RjusUtra dravyArthikano ja bheda che evo zrIjinabhadragaNikSamAzramaNano mata che. ke hajusUvanaya vize be mata che RjusUtrano paryAyArthikamAM samAveza zrIsiddhasenadivAkarasUri mahArAjanA mata pramANe karela che. teonuM mantavya AvuM che : RjusUtra atIta-anAgatakAlavarti koI vastune mAnato natI. taduparAMta vartamAnakAlavati evI paNa parakIya vastune mAnato nathI. mAtra vartamAnakAlavarti svakIya vastune ja mAne che tethI RjusUtrane paryAyagrAhI naya mAnavo ja ucita che kAraNa ke dravyArthikanaya to trikAlavartI sarva vastuone mAne che jayAre RjusUtramAM evuM nathI mATe te paryAyArthika naya che. have zrIjinabhadramaNikSamAzramaNanA matano vicAra karIe. AgamasUtra zrIanuyogadvAra sUtramAM dravyAvazyakanI prarUpaNAmAM "naigamAdi nayonA mate keTalA dravyAvazyaka che ?' e vAta karAI che temAM '3nusumasta ne aNuvatte Ii vyAvasUrya, puhuraM chi Avo pATha Ave che. RjusUtra atItaanAgata-parakIya vastu mAnato nathI. mAtra vartamAnakAlavarti ane emAM paNa svakIya vastu ja mAne che tethI RjusUtra (nagamanayanI jema pRthapRthapha aneka dravyAvazyaka na mAnatA) upayogarahita evA devadattAdi e Agamata: eka dravyAvazyaka che ema mAne che. (parakIya vastu mAnato na hovAthI anupayukta bIjA yajJadattAdine te dravyAvazyaka mAnato nathI) A sUtra pramANe RjusUtrane paNa dravyAvazyaka mAnya che tethI tene dravyArthikanaya ja kahevAya. jayAre AvuM sUtra maLatuM hoya tyAre RjusUtra dravyane mAnato nathI evuM kahevAthI ukta sUtrano virodha Ave. jo ke ahIM AvI zaMkA thaI zake che ke : "zrI siddhasenadivAkarasUri mahArAjanA mate RjusUtra naya paryAyagrAhI hovAthI te mate RjusUtra nayamAM dravyAvazyaka ghaTaze nahIM tethI anuyogadvAranA ukta sUtrano A matamAM virodha Avaze. paraMtu A virodhano parihAra kyAMka A rIte karAyo che. 'juvo Dhabbe' sUtra pramANe vartamAna Avazyaka paryAyamAM je anupayoga aMza che tenA AdhAre te AvazyakamAM dravyatvano Aropa (upacAra) karAya che. vAstavika dravyatva to RjusUtramAM che ja nahi. aupacArika dravyatva svIkAravA chatAM tenA paryAyArthikatvanI hAni thatI nathI kAraNa ke paryAyArthikanaya to 1. RjusUtrasya ekaH anupayuktaH ekaM dravyAvazyakaM, pRthaktvaM necchati /

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jaina tarkabhASA dravyayozca mukhyAmukhyarUpatayA vivakSaNaparaH / atra saccaitanyamAtmanIti paryAyayormukhyAmukhyatayA vivakSaNam / atra caitanyAkhyasya vyaJjanaparyAyasya vizeSyatvena mukhyatvAt, sattvAkhasya tu caivaM, svAtantryeNaiva sAmAnyavizeSAdidharmANAM naigamenAbhyupagamAt / na ca sAmAnyagrAhiNi vijJAne vizeSAvabhAso'sti, anuvartamAnaikAkAraparAmarzena tadgrahaNAdanyathA sAmAnyagrAhakatvAyogAt nApi vizeSagrahaNe saMvedane sAmAnyaM cakAsti, viziSTadezadazAvacchinnapadArthagrAhitayA tatpravRtteH, anyathA vizeSasaMvedanatvAyogAt / na caitI parasparavibhinnAvapi pratibhAsamAnau sAmAnyavizeSau kathaJcinmizrayituM yuktau, anyathA vibhinnapratibhAsinAma nikhilArthAnAmaikyaprasaGgAt / tathA ca naigamAbhiprAyaH vizakalitau sAmAnyavizeSau pArthakyenopalabdheH 180 mukhya (nirupacarita) dravyapadArthane pradhAnarUpe mAnavAno ja niSedha kare che. Ama RjusUtrane paryAyArthika mAnavA chatA paNa ukta sUtrano virodha nahIM Ave. A aMgenI vizeSa vicAraNA anya granthomAM jijJAsuone jovA bhalAmaNa che. " * naigama naya * 'thokezaM nirdezaH' nyAya pramANe sau prathama naigamanayanI prarUpaNA kare che. sAmAnya vizeSAdi aneka dharmonuM pratipAdana karanAra adhyavasAyane naigamanaya kahevAya che. A pratipAdana gauNa-mukhya bhAve thAya che. A gauNa-mukhya bhAva paNa niyata nathI. paraMtu vaktAnI IcchA pramANe hoya che. eTale ke be paryAyanI vAta cAlatI hoya tyAre te bemAMthI koIpaNa eka paryAyane mukhya karIne anya paryAyane gauNa karavA naigamanaya taiyAra hoya che. tevI ja rIte koI be dravyonI vAta cAlatI hoya tyAre paNa koI eka dravyane gauNa karIne anya dravyane pradhAna karI zakAya. e ja rIte eka dravya-eka paryAya e bannenI vAta cAlatI hoya tyAre paNa kone pradhAna banAvavo ane kone gauNa banAvavo teno nirNaya karavAnuM svAtaMtrya paNa naigamanaya to vaktAne ja Ape che. TUMkamAM, naigamanaya eTalI vizALa dRSTi dharAve che ke gauNa-mukhyabhAvanuM niyamana pote karato nathI paNa tene vaktAnI vivakSAne AdhIna ja rahevA de che. vaktA kyAreka dravyane to kyAreka paryAyane pradhAna banAve to ya naigamanaya svIkArI le che. AnA keTalAka udAharaNo vicArIe - 'tadvaitanyamAtmani' = AtmAmAM sat evuM caitanya rahyuM che. ahIM AtmA e dharmI che tathA sattva ane caitanya e banne tenA dharmo che. A be dharmomAM pharaka eTalo ke 'caitanya' nAmano vyaMjana paryAya e vizeSya hovAthI mukhya che ane sattva nAmano vyaMjanaparyAya e tenuM vizeSaNa hovAthI gauNa che. ahIM caitanyane vyaMjanaparyAya kahyo che tethI sahaja rIte prazna ubho thAya ke A 'vyaMjanaparyAya' eTale zuM ? tethI have granthakAra pote ja saprasaMga vyaMjanaparyAya ane arthaparyAyanI vyAkhyA Ape che. vastumAM thatI pravRtti ke nivRttimAM kAraNabhUta evA arthakriyAkAritvathI upalakSita paryAyane vyaMjanaparyAya kahevAya che. bhUtakAlInatA ane bhaviSyakAlInatAnA saMbaMdhathI rahita ane mAtra vartamAnakALamAM rahevAvALuM vastunuM svarUpa te arthaparyAya kahevAya che. (arthakriyAkAritvathI upalakSita evA paryAyane vyaMjanaparyAya kahyo che. ahIM 'upalakSita' pada saprayojana vaparAyuM che te aMge vicArIe. uSNasparza hovA mAtrathI agni dvArA dAha-pAkAdi thayA ja kare evo koI kAyado nathI kintu dAha-pAkAdikartAnuM saMnidhAna, te te kArya karavAnI kartAnI

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181 nayapariccheda vizeSaNatvenAmukhyatvAt / pravRttinivRttinibandhanArthakriyAkAritvopalakSito vyaJjanaparyAya: / bhUtabhaviSyatvasaMsparzarahitaM vartamAnakAlAvacchinnaM vastusvarUpaM cArthaparyAyaH / vastu paryAyavadyathA devadattayajJadattAviti / na ca asiddho'yaM hetuH, sAmAnyAt pRthagvizeSopalambhAbhAvAt kintu sAmAnyavyAptasyaivopalambhAditi vAcyam, evaM hi vizeSopalambha eva na siddhyeta, sAmAnyasyApi tatra grahaNAt, tatazca tena bodhena viviktavizeSagrahaNAbhAvAt tadvAcakaM dhvani tatsAdhyaM ca vyavahAraM na pravartayet pramAtA, na caitadasti, vizeSAbhidhAnavyavahArayoH pravRttidarzanAt / tasmAdvizeSamabhilaSatA tatra ca vyavahAra pravartayatA tadgrAhako vodho vivikto'bhyupagantavyaH, evameva ca sAmAnyasyApi vAcyam / na ca sAmAnyaM vizeSa vA tiraskRtya kevalasya sAmAnyasya vizeSasya vA'bhyupagamaH kartuM yuktaH, dvayorapi svagrAhijJAne pratibhAsamAnatayA vizeSAbhAvAt / icchA vagere hoya to ja agni, dAha-pAkAdi karI zake che. chatAM paNa agnimAM tAdRza (=dAharUpa) arthakriyAkAritvanI svarupayogyatA (zakti) to kAyama hoya ja che eTale ke te arthakriyAkAritvathI upalakSita to che ja, tethI ja ahIM "arthakriyAkAritvaviziSTa' na kahetA "arthakriyAkAritvopalakSita' ema kahyuM che. athavA "zabdathI thatI pravRtti (prayoga), nivRtti (aprayoga)nA kAraNabhUta arthakriyAkAritvathI upalakSita Avo artha samajavo. jemake jalAharaNAdi ceSTAthI upalakSita avasthA ghaTamAM che mATe ghaTa zabda bolAya che ne paTAdimAM nathI mATe teno ghaTa zabdathI ullekha thato nathI.) vastu eTale paryAyavALuM dravya. ahIM "vastu' vizeSaNa che ane "paryAyavALuM dravya' vizeSya che. haMmezA udezya vastu vizeSya bane ane vidheya vastu vizeSaNa bane che. jemake - "nIto vaTa' ahIM ghaTane udezIne nIlatvanuM vidhAna thAya che mATe ghaTa vizeSya che, nIla vizeSaNa che. A rIte 'paryAyavadravya ne 'vastu' kahevAya che. ahIM paryAyavadravyane uddezIne emAM vastutvanuM vidhAna karAya che mATe paryAyavadravya vizeSya che ane jayAre "paryAyayuktadravya rUpa dravya vizeSya hovAthI mukhya bane che. "viSayAsakta jIva eka kSaNa sukhI hoya che." ahIM "viSayAsakta jIva' vizeSya che ane dravya che, jyAre kSaNanuM "sukha vizeSaNa che ane paryAyarUpa che. vizeSya hovAthI jIvarUpa (dharmI) dravyanI mukhyatA che ane sukha tenuM vizeSaNa hovAthI tenI (paryAyanI) gauNatA che. zaMkA : A rIte jotA jaNAya che ke naigamanaya dravyane paNa viSaya banAve che ane paryAyane paNa viSaya banAve che. Ama ubhayAvagAhI hovAtI naigamanaya e naya na rahetA pramANa banI jaze. samA. : nA, evuM nahIM bane. tamAro bhaya vadhAre paDato che. ubhayAvagAhI hovA mAtrathI jJAna pramANa banI jatuM nathI kintu bannenuM pradhAnapaNe avagAhana karanAra jJAna pramANa kahevAya che. naigama naya kyAreka dravyanuM to kyAreka paryAyanuM pradhAnapaNe avagAhana kare che paNa yugapad ubhayanuM pradhAnarUpe avagAhana karato nathI tethI temAM nayatva abAdhita rahe che. * saMgraha nayaH 9 A rIte naigamanayanI prarUpaNA karyA bAda have saMgrahanayanI prarUpaNA kare che - sAmAnyamAtranuM grahaNa

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182 jaina tarkabhASA dravyamiti dravyayormukhyAmukhyatayA vivakSaNama, paryAyavadravyAkhyasya dharmiNo vizeSyatvena prAdhAnyAt, vastvAkhyasya vizeSaNatvena gauNatvAt / kSaNamekaM sukhI viSayAsaktajIva iti tasmAdetau dvAvapItaretaravizakalitAvabhyupagamAviti naigamaH / evaM svIkriyamANa eva hi naigame nayatvasambhavaH, anyathA ekataraparityAge durnayatvaprasaGgAt anyo'nyasaMvalitadvayAGgIkAre ca pramANatvaprasaGgAt / 'pravRttinivRttinibandhanArthakriyAkAritvopalakSito vyaJjanaparyAyaH' - yaddharmasambandhAccetanAdizabdasyArthavizeSe pravRttiH, yaddharmAsambandhAcca tasyArthavizeSe nivRttistannibandhanA yA'rthakriyA'yaM cetano'yamacetana ityAdivyavahAralakSaNA tatkAritvopalakSitastatsvarUpayogyatvavAnityarthaH / na hi caitanyAdisattve uktArthakriyA sarvadA bhavatyeva, vyavahastidvyavahRtIcchAyA vA abhAve vyavahArAbhAvAdato niruktArthakriyAkAritvaM caitanyAdeyaMjanaparyAyatAsampAdakaM vizeSaNaM na bhavati / tathA sati tathA vyavahArAbhAvadazAyAM caitanyAdervyaJjanaparyAyatvAbhAvaprasaGgAt / arthakriyAsvarUpayogyatA tu sahakAryantaravirahAt kAryAjanane'pi na vyAvartate ityabhiprAyeNa'arthakriyAkAritvaviziSTa' ityanuktvA'rthakriyAkAritvopalakSita' ityuktam / evambhUto yaH paryAyaH sa vyaJjanaparyAya ucyate / bhUtabhaviSyatvasaMsparzarahitaM vartamAnakAlAvacchinnaM vastusvarUpaM cArthaparyAyaH - vyaJjanaparyAya ityAkhyAvizeSAnuviddhatayA pratipAdane jijJAsA sajAyate tatkimanyo'pi kazcana paryAyo'sti yena vyaJjanaparyAya iti viziSyocyate iti jijJAsAvinivRttaye'rthaparyAyaM lakSayannAha 'bhUte'tyAdinA atItakAle'nAgatakAle ca dharmiNi sattAmananubhavan vartamAnakAlAvacchedenaiva ca tatra vartamAno yo vastusvarUpaparyAyaH pratikSaNamanyonyasvarUpabhavanalakSaNaH so'rthaparyAya ucyate / saGgrahaM sabhedaM nirUpayitumArabhate 'sAmAnyamAtragrAhI'tyAdinA - saMgRhNAti azeSavizeSatirodhAnadvAreNa sAmAnyarUpatayA jagadAdatte iti saGgrahaH / tathA ca tadabhiprAyaH, na hi sAmAnyavyatiriktaM nAma kiJcid vizeSasaMjJakaM vastvasti / nanu ghaTapaTAdiviziSTavastusAdhyA vyavahArAH pratiprANi prasiddhA ato vizeSA api viviktavyavahArahetutayA'bhyupagantavyAH, anyathA ghaTapaTAdibhedo na syAd iti cet, na syAdeva vAstavaH, tAdRza vyavahArasyAnAdyavidyAbalapravartitatayA pAramArthikapramANapratiSThitatattvapratibandhAbhAvAt / rajjo sarpabhramanibandhanasarpAdivadavidyAjanito'nirvacanIyo bheda syAdeveti saGgrahanayamatAvalambinaH / karanAra parAmarza (= Azaya) saMgrahAya che. pratyeka padArtha sAmAnya-vizeSa ubhayAtmaka che. saMgrahanaya sAmAnyarUpanuM grahaNa kare che. jyAre sAmAnyanuM jJAna thAya tyAre vizeSonuM paNa jJAna thAya paraMtu tenuM vizeSarUpe jJAna thatuM nathI. vizeSo paNa sAmAnyarUpe ja jaNAya che. saMgrahanayanA be bhedo che. je saMgraha adhika dezane vyApIne raheto hoya te para saMgraha che ane je saMgraha alpadezane vyApIne raheto hoya te apara saMgraha che. banne saMgrahanA udAharaNo batAve che. (1) sarva vizeSo pratye upekSA rAkhI mAtra satarUpe vastune grahaNa karanAra saM te 52saMya' che. 'samaya vizva meM.35 4 cha' 4 // 24 // 624 pArtha 'sat' ho| 35 avizeSa =

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183 nayapariccheda paryAyadravyayormukhyAmukhyatayA vivakSaNam, atra viSayAsaktajIvAkhyasya dharmiNo vizeSyatvena mukhyatvAt, sukhalakSaNasya tu dharmasya tadvizeSaNatvenAmukhyatvAt / na caivaM dravyaparyAyobhayAvagAhitvena naigamasya prAmANyaprasaGgaH, prAdhAnyena tadubhayAvagAhina eva jJAnasya pramANatvAt / ___sAmAnyamAtragrAhI parAmarza: saGgrahaH - sa dvedhA, paro'parazca / tatrAzeSavizeSeSvaudAsInyaM bhajamAnaH zuddhadravyaM sanmAtramabhimanyamAnaH paraH saGgrahaH / yathA vizvamekaM sadavizeSAditi / dravyatvAdInyavAntarasAmAnyAni manvAnastabhedeSu gajanimIlikAmavalambAnaH punaraparasaGgrahaH / parasaGgrahamudAharati 'yathe'tyAdinA - sarvaM hi vastu sattayA'vizeSeNa pratibhAti, ato sadeva sarvaM, 'ghaTaH paTaH' ityAdikaM tu vyAvRttatvAnna vasturUpaM, 'AdAvante ca yannAsti vartamAne'pi tattathe ti vacanAt, iti sattvameva vastunaH pAramArthikaM svarUpaM, taccaikamiti tadAtmakaM vizvamapyekaM sattvasya sarvatra sAdhAraNatvAt, rUpAntarasya tu ananugAmitayA kalpitatvena tato vizvasya bhedAsambhavAt / ____ ayamarthaH azeSeSu = dravyatvAdyavAntarasAmAnyatadAdhAravyaktivizeSeSu audAsInyaM = gajanimIlikAmavalambamAnaH, zuddhadravyaM = sattAlakSaNamahAsAmAnyasvarUpaM paryAyAmizritadravyameva yo viSayIkaroti evambhUto'dhyavasAyaH parasaGgraha ucyate / atha kramaprAptaM vyavahAraM lakSayati 'saGgraheNe'tyAdinA - saGgraheNa = sAmAnyagrAhiNA gocarIkRtAnAM = sAmAnyAtmanA viSayIkRtAnAM vizeSAtmanAmarthAnAM, vidhipUrvakaM = svasvAsAdhAraNAbhidhAnapUrvakaM = mahAsAmAnyasya yadvyApyaM tadrUpeNa prathamamabhidhAya tasya yadvyApyaM tadrUpeNa tadAliGgitasya dharmiNo'bhidhAnamityevaM krameNa, na tu prathamata eva yasyAvAntaravizeSo nAsti tadrUpeNaivAbhidhAnamiti vibhajanakramaniyamalakSaNavidhipurassaramiti yAvat / vibhajyatAvacchedakasAkSAdvyApyayAvaddharmapuraskAreNa pratipAdanaM hi vibhajanamucyate, taddhi samAna che tethI sat hovArUpe AkhuM jagat ekarUpa che, evo A nayano abhiprAya che. (2) dravyatva vagere avAntara sAmAnyano svIkAra karanAra ane tenA pRthvItyAdi rU5) bhedo pratye AMkhamicAmaNAM karanAra adhyavasAya te aparasaMgraha. (A naya dharmAstikAya - adharmAstikAya - AkAzAstikAya - kALa - pudgala ane jIva e chae dravyonuM aikya mAne che kAraNa ke dravyatva chaemAM avizeSapaNe raheluM che.) have kramaprApta vyavahAra nayanuM nirUpaNa kare che. * vyavahAra naya * saMgrahanayanA viSaya banelA arthonuM vidhipUrvaka avataraNa (svIkAra ke pravartana) je abhiprAya-vizeSathI thAya tene vyavahAranaya kahevAya. arthAt je artha bhinna hovA chatA paNa sAdhAraNa dharma dvArA ekarUpa pratIta thatA hoya, teno vizeSa dharmo dvArA vibhAga vyavahAranayathI thAya che. (saMgrahanaya sAmAnyagrAhI che jayAre vyavahAranaya vizeSagrAhI che.) jema ke, "je sat hoya te dravya ke paryAya hoI zake." (Ama vyavahAra, mAtra

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184 jaina tarkabhASA saGgraheNa gocarIkRtAnAmarthAnAM vidhipUrvakamavaharaNaM yenAbhisandhinA kriyate sa vyavahAraH / yathA yat sat tad paryAyo vA / yad dravyaM tajjIvAdi Sar3ivadham / yaH paryAyaH sa dvividha:niruktavidhinA vibhAge kriyamANa eva nirvahati / evaM vidhipUrvakamavaharaNam = nirAkaraNaM, saGgrahanayasammatasAmAnyArthasyeti gamyate, yenAbhisandhinA = abhiprAyavizeSeNa kriyate sa vyavahAranaya ucyte| ata eva vizeSeNAvahriyate = nirAkriyate sAmAnyamaneneti niruktyupapattiH' / / vyavahAramudAharati 'yathe'tyAdinA - parasaGgraheNa sarvaM sadavizeSAdekarUpamabhyupagamyate, vyavahArastaM vibhajate, yathA, yat sat tad dvividhaM dravyaM paryAyo veti / aparasaGgrahaH pRthivyAdidravyANi tatparyAyAMzca dravyatvena paryAyatvena ca rUpeNa saMgRhNAti, vyavahArastu 'dravyaM SaDvidham jIvAdirUpaM, paryAyo dvividhaH kramabhAvI sahabhAvI cetyAdinA vibhajate / saGgraheNa sAmAnyavAditayA yasya saGgrahaNaM, vyavahAreNa punastasyaiva vizeSavAditayA vibhajanamevamagre'pi vodhyam / ayameva hi mukhyavRttyA lokavyavahAranibandhanaH, lokavyavahArasya prAyazaH vizeSavizrAntatvAt vyavahAranayasya ca vizeSavAditvAt / ata evoktaM nayarahasye 'lokavyavahAraupayiko'dhyavasAyavizeSo vyvhaarH'| pUrvottarakAlabhAvino dravyavivartAH kSaNakSayiparamANulakSaNA vA vizeSA na kaJcana lokavyavahAramuparacayanti, tanna te'pi vasturUpAH, lokavyavahAropayoginAmeva vastutvAdityapi vyvhaaraabhisndhiH| 'laukikasama upacAraprAyo vistRtArtho vyavahAraH' iti tattvArthabhASyam, vizeSapratipAdanaparametat / laukikAH = puruSAH, taiH samo laukikasamo, yathA hi lokaH paramArthataH paJcavarNe'pi bhramare kRSNatvamaGgIkRtya kRSNo bhramara bravIti tathA'yamapIti laukikasamatvaM / 'kuNDikA sravati', 'panthAH gacchati', 'maJcAH satane svIkArato nathI, paraMtu teno dravya ke paryAyamAM vibhAga paNa kare che.) je dravya hoya te jIvAdi che prakAranuM che. je paryAya che te be prakAranA che - kramabhAvI paryAya ane sahabhAvI paryAya. AvA udAharaNo vyavahAranayanA che (tAtparya : pUrve saMgrahanA batAvelA be bhedomAMthI apara saMgraha aneka prakArano che ane parasaMgraha eka prakArano che. A banne saMgrahothI jenuM jJAna thatuM hoya teno bheda vyavahAra kare che. saMgraha ane vyavahAranayanAM apAyelA udAharaNono tulanAtmaka abhyAsa karavAthI A vAta spaSTa jaNAI Ave che. te A pramANe - vizvanA tamAma padArthone parasaMgraha sarUpe eka kare che. vyavahAra teno vibhAga karatA kahe che ke sat be prakAranuM che dravya ane paryAya. apara saMgraha tamAma dravyone dravya hovArUpe ekarUpa mAne che. vyavahAra teno bheda karatAM kahe che ke dravya cha prakAranA che - jIva, pudgalAdi. A ja rIte paryAyarUpe saMgRhIta thayelA paryAyono paNa bheda pADatA vyavahAra kahe che ke paryAyo be prakAranA che - kramabhAvI ane sahabhAvI. hajI AgaLa paNa A rIte vibhAgIkaraNa thaI zake. saMgrahanaya tamAma jIvone jIvatvena ekarUpa mAne jyAre vyavahAra tenA saMsArI jIva ane mukta jIva evA be bheda pADe. saMgraha naya saMsArI jIvone ekarUpa mAne to vyavahAra naya tenA trasa ane sthAvara rUpe vibhAga karaze. Ama AgaLa paNa jANavuM. A ja rIte saMgraha pudgalarUpe badhA pudgalone ekarUpa mAne jyAre vyavahAra teno paramANu ane skaMdharUpa vibhAga karaze. TUMkamAM, sthUla paribhASAmAM kahevuM hoya to saMgrahanayane "saMgaThanapremI kahI zakAya jyAre vyavahAranayane "bhAgalAvAdI kahI zakAya.)

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nayapariccheda 185 kramabhAvI sahabhAvI cetyAdi / Rju vartamAnakSaNasthAyiparyAyamAtraM prAdhAnyataH sUcayannabhiprAya RjusUtraH / yathA sukha-vivartaH sampratyasti / atra hi kSaNasthAyi sukhAkhyaM paryAyamAnaM prAdhAnyena pradarzyate, tadadhikakrozantI'tyAdau anyatra dRSTAyAH sravaNAdikriyAyAH kuNDikAdAvupacAraH kriyata ityupacAraprAyaH / sAmAnyamanabhyupagamya vizeSAn svIkurvANasya vyavahArasya viSayo'pi saGgrahApekSayA vistRto mataH, vizeSasya sAmAnyApekSayA'dhikatarasaGkhyAkatvAditi vistRtArtho vyavahAro jJeyaH / RjusUtraM lakSayati 'Rjvi'tyAdinA - Rju = atItAnAgataparakIyabhedalakSaNakauTilyaM parityajya kevalaM vArtamAnikaM svakIyameva sUtrayati = sUcayatIti RjusUtraH / yadAha "paccuppaNNaggAhI ujjusuo NayavihI muNeyavvo' (anu.dvAra sUtra-152) na ca pratyutpannagrAhitvaM naigamAdAvativyAptamiti vAcyam, bhAvatve'tItAnAgatasamvandhAbhAvavyApyatvopagantRtvasyaivAtra pratyutpannagrAhitvena vivakSaNAt / RjusUtranayamate kila bhAve vartamAnakSaNasamvandha eva samasti na tvatItAnAgatakAlasambandhaH ato'tItAnAgatakAlasambandhAbhAvo bhAvatvavyApako, bhAvatvaM hi tadvyApyamiti nAtiprasaGgaH / ___idamatrAkUtakam - RjusUtro'pi vyavahAravad vizeSAbhyupagamapara eva, navaraM vyavahArato viSayasaGkocamabhimanyamAnastiSThati / 'vyavahAro hi sAmAnyaM, vyavahArAnaGgatvAnna sahate, kathaM tahyarthamapi parakIyamatItama nAgataM cApyabhidhAnamapi tathAvidhArthavAcakam, jJAnamapi ca tathAvidhArthaviSayakamavicArya saheta' ityasyAbhiprAyaH / itthaJca vyavahArAtizAyitvameva lakSaNatvena paryavasitaM, tadatizayapratipAdanArthameva tattvArthabhASye itthamabhihitam'satAM sAmpratAnAmabhidhAnaparijJAnamRjusUtraH' (sUtra 35) kathaM na etannayamate'tItAdInAm vastutvamiti cet, Aha atItasya vinaSTatvAda, anAgatasya cAlabdhAtmasattAkatvAt kharaviSANAdibhyo'viziSyamANatayA sakala have kramAgata RjusUtranayanuM nirUpaNa kare che. * sUtra naya * Rju = mAtra vartamAnakSaNe rahenAra paryAyane ja pradhAnarUpe prakAzita karanAra abhiprAyavizeSa te RjusUtranaya. A naya atIta ke anAgata paryAyonI upekSAmAtra kare che paraMtu tene sarvathA asatuM nathI mAnato me sUyavA bhATe sakSama prAdhAnyataH' 56 pAparyu cha. 3, 'satyAre suNa pAya che' ( hamaNAM sukhaparyAya vilase che.) dravya vinA paryAyo rahI zakatA nathI tethI jyAre sukha che tyAre sukhaduHkhAdi tamAma paryAyomAM anugata rIte rahenAra Atmadravya paNa avazya che to kharuM ja paraMtu A naya pradhAnarUpe mAtra vartamAnakSaNavartI paryAyane ja prakAzita karato hovAthI ahIM vartamAnakSaNavartI sukhaparyAya ja jaNAvAya che. (atIta ke anAgata paryAyone ke, vartamAna paryAyanA paNa adhikaraNarUpa Atmadravyane gauNa mAnIne tenuM pradarzana karAtuM nathI. tenI upekSA karAya che. 1. pratyutpannagrAhI RjusUtro nayavidhirjJAtavyaH /

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186 jaina tarkabhASA raNabhUtaM punarAtmadravyaM gauNatayA nArmyata iti / kAlAdibhedena dhvanerarthabhedaM pratipadyamAnaH zabdaH / kAlakArakaliGgasaGkhyApuruSopasargAH kAlAdayaH / tatra babhUva bhavati bhaviSyati sumerurityatrAtItAdikAlabhedena sumerorbhedapratipattiH, zaktiviraharUpatvAnnArthakriyAnirvartanakSamatvaM, tatazca na vastutvaM, yato'rthakriyAkAritvavyApakaM hi tad, vartamAnakSaNAliGgitaM ca punarvasturUpaM samastArthakriyAsu vyApriyata iti tadeva pAramArthikam / tadapi ca niraMzamabhyupagantavyam, aMzavyApterniyuktikatvAd, ekasyAnekasvabhAvatAmantareNAnekasvAvayavAMzavyApanAyogAt / anekasvabhAvatA ca ekasya vastuno na sambhavati, virodhagrastatvAt, tathAhi - yadyekaH svabhAvaH kathamanekaH, anekazcet kathamekaH ? ekAnekayoH parasparaparihAreNAvasthAnAt, tataH parasparavizliSTAH paramANava eva paramArthata iti RjusUtrAbhiprAyaH / 'kAlAdiriti - tadidamarthasvarUpanirUpaNapravaNanayamatamupavarNya zabdavicAracaturANAmupavarNayitumArabhate / prathamaM tAvat trayANAM zabdanayAnAM sAdhAraNamAkUtaM pradarzyate / tathAhi - yaduta zabda eva paramArtho, nArthaH tasya tadabhinnatvAt / nanu zabdastu vastuvAcakaH, tadvAcyaM punarvastu iti pArthakyena vastutvasiddheH kathamabhinnatvamiti cet, pramANAditi brUmaH / tathAhi - abhinno'rthaH zabdAt, tatpratItau tasyApyavazyaM pratIyamAnatvAd, iha yatpratItau yadavazyaM pratIyate tat tato'bhinnamiti vyAptiH / atha anaikAntikIyam vyAptiH tadyathA - devadattAdirUpe putranAmni uccarite sati ekasambhandhijJAnamaparasambhandhismArakamiti nyAyAt tatpiturapi smaraNAtmakapratIti ryaduta yajJadattaputro'yaM devadatta' ityAdyAkArA samullaset / na hi etAvatA pitRputrorabhinnatA / zabdapratIto satyAM vAcyavAcakabhAvasambandhena tasyAparasambadhino'rthasya pratItAvapi nAbhinnatvaM tayoH saMkalpayituM yuktamiti vyabhicAriNIyam vyAptirita cet, aho ! jJAnalavadurvidagdhasya durmedhastvaM ! na hi putranAmni uccarite'vazyam pitRsmaraNaM bhavati, tadajJasya tadasambhavena kevalaM putralakSaNasya arthasyaiva pratItidarzanAditi putratannAmayorevAbhinnatvaM prasthApayAma iti kautaskutI anaikAntikatA, darzitavyAptau avazyapadaM have krama prApta zabdanayanuM nirUpaNa kare che - * zanaya * kALa-kAraka puruSa-upasarga-saMkhyA-liMga vagerenA bhedathI zabdanA arthano bheda svIkAranAra abhiprAyavizeSa te zabdanaya. jayAre koI paNa vastuno atIta kALa sAthe saMbaMdha prakAzita thato hoya tyAre te vastunuM jJAna je rUpe thatuM hoya che tenA karatA te ja vastunA vartamAna kALa sAthenA saMbaMdhane prakAzita karatuM jJAna kaMIka juduM ja hoya che. jJAnabheda dvArA arthabheda nizcita thAya che. jema ghaTane joIne thatA jJAna karatA paTane joIne thatAM jJAnamAM bheda hovAthI ghaTa ane paTa bhinna hovAno nirNaya thAya che tema ghaDo ne daDo, mANasa ne phAnasa, vAgha ne varU, AMbo ane lImaDo judA che evo nizcaya jJAnabhedanA AdhAre thAya che arthAtu,

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nayapariccheda 187 karoti kriyate kumbha ityAdau kArakabhedena, taTastaTI taTamityAdau liGgabhedena, dArA: kalatramivimRzyatAm vimucyatAM cApazaGkAm / atha agRhItasaGketasya ghaTAdizabdazravaNe'pi ghaTapratIterabhAvAt sphuTamanaikAntikatvaM bhavadIyavyAptAviti cet, evaM tarhi viSasya mArakatvaM tadajJasya na pratibhAtIti tadapi tato vyatiriktamApadyeta, na caitadasti, tannAbudhapramAtRdoSeNa vastuno'nyathAtvam, anyathA'ndho rUpaM nekSata iti tadabhAvo'pi pratipattavyaH syAt / nanu ye kecana nirabhidhAnA vartante'steSAM zabdAt pRthagbhAvena vastutvasiddhirniSpratyUhA, na ca tAdRzArthAnAmalIkatvamiti vAcyam, abhilApyabhAvAnAmanabhilApyAnantatame bhAge'bhihitatayA AgamapramANasiddhA nirabhidhAnA arthA iti cet, satyaM kintvatra sUkSmamIkSaNIyam, sarvathA nirabhidhAnArthAnAmabhAvAt, kevalaM kecana vizeSazabdaiH saGkIrtyante kecitpunaH sAmAnyadhvanibhirityetAvAn vishessH| anabhilApyabhAvAnAmapi 'anabhilApyA'khyasAmAnyazabdena saGkIrtanasaMbhavAt, ata eva na nAmAdinikSepacatuSTayasya sakalArthavyApitAbhaGga ityagre vakSyate / tatazca sarve'rthA vidyamAnasvavAcakA arthatvAd ghaTAdivaditi prAmANyAt sarveSAmarthAnAM savAcakatvasiddhiH, tatazca pUrvoktayukteH zabdApArthakyasiddhi / tasmAnna paramArthato'rthaH zabdavyatiriktaH kazcana siddhyati / uktaJca, vAkyapadIye bhartRhariNA "na so'sti pratyayo loke yaH zabdAnugamAdRte / anuviddhamiva jJAnaM sarvaM zabdena bhAsate / / " yaH punarlokikairaparyAlocitaparamArtheH zabdArthayoH pRthagbhAvanibaddho vyavahAro dRzyate, asAvapi aupacAriko jJeya iti dig / adhunA eSAmeva prAtisviko'bhiprAyaH pradarzyate 'kAlAdi'... ityanena / ayamabhiprAya: - jJAna judA judA AkAravALuM thAya che mATe padArtho judA judA hovAno nirNaya thAya che. jyAre A badhA arthonuM jJAna ghaTayaH sarve pAtha: ItyAdi rUpe ekarUpa thAya tyAre te padArthonA svarUpabhedano nizcaya thaI zakto nathI. zabda jyAre kALanA bhedathI arthane jaNAve tyAre paNa jJAnanuM svarUpa kaMIka juduM hoya che ane pUrve jaNAvyA mujaba jJAnabhede arthabheda mAnavo joIe. tethI kALabhedathI vastubheda mAnavo joIe evo zabdanayano mata che. A ja rIte "kuMbhAra (ghaDo) banAve che ahIM kartA pradhAnarUpe ane karma apradhAnarUpe jaNAya che paNa ghaDo banAvAya che' ahIM karma pradhAnarUpe ane kartA apradhAnarUpe jaNAya che. AnA uparathI jaNAya che ke kALabhedathI jema arthabheda mAnyo tema kArakabhedathI paNa arthabheda mAnavo joIe. A pramANe liMgabhedathI-vacanabhedathI thatI ekanI eka vastunI pratItimAM paNa kaMIka phera paDe che e anubhavasiddha che. mATe liMgAdi bhedathI paNa arthabheda mAnavo joIe Avo zabdanayano mata che. jema ke "sumeruM hato, che ane raheze' A traNe vAkyathI bodha judA judA AkAravALo thAya che. pahelAmAM bhUtakALa bhAse che, bIjAmAM vartamAna jaNAya che ane trIjA vAkyathI bhaviSyakALa jaNAya che. Ama jJAnabheda thavAthI padArtha sumerumAM paNa bheda mAnavo joIe. arthAtu, kALabhedanA kAraNe jJAnabheda thAya che ane jJAnabhedanA kAraNe padArthabheda mAnavo joIe. tethI bhUtakALanA meru karatA vartamAnano meru,

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188 jaina tarkabhASA tyAdau saGkhyAbhedena, yAsyasi tvam, yAsyati bhavAnityAdau puruSabhedena, santiSThate avatiSThate kSaNamAtrAvasthAyitvamarthasya paryAyArthikanayacatuSTaye'pi sAdhAraNaM, kintvayam vizeSaH RjUsUtrAtzabdanayasya yaduta zabdanaye kAlAdibhedena zabdasya bhinnArthavAcakatvaM, RjUsUtranayamate tu naivamiti / ata evAha 1'icchai visesiyataraM paccuppaNNaNao saddo' tti (anu.dvAra sUtra 152) atrApi tarapratyayamahimnA vizeSitatamAdhovartiviSayagrahaNAnna samabhirUDhAdyativyAptiriti dhyeyam / ayambhAvaH . vyavahAranayAdArabhya sarve'pi nayA vizeSagrAhiNa eva / tatrApi vyavahAro atItAdibhedabhinnamarthaM svIkurute, RjUsUtrastu vArtamAnikaM svakIyamevAGgIkarotIti vizeSAbhiprAyeNa sa vizeSitaH / tatrApi zabdanayo'rthakriyAmakurvANasya gRhakoNAdisthitasya kamvugrIvAdimadarthasya ghaTapadArthatvaM na svIkurute iti vizeSitataratvamasya / etattu agre vistareNa granthakAreNaiva vakSyate / udAharati 'tatre'tyAdinA / nanu 'ghaTaM karoti', 'ghaTaH kriyate' ityubhayatra ghaTaH karmakAraka eveti kuta AyAta kArakabheda iti cet, atra kecit - kartariprayogasthaLe kartRkArakaH prAdhAnyamaznute, karmaNiprayogasthaLe ca karmaNaH prAdhAnyamiti niyamAt pUrvoktavAkyadvaye yadyapi ghaTasya karmakArakatve'pi kartRpradhAnaprayoge'pradhAnakarmakArakatvam karmaNiprayoge ca pradhAnakarmakArakatvamiti bhedaH / tanna manoramam, pradhAnetarabhAve vartamAnanA meru karatA bhUtakALano meru ane e banne karatA bhaviSyakALano meru bhinna che. A ja rIte 'dubhA2. () janAve cha' bhane, 'ghaDo (kuMbhAra 21) janAvAya che' mA panne gha. hA cha // 25 // 3 kArakabheda che. (jo ke ukta banne pratItiomAM ghaDo to karmavena ja jaNAya che to pachI kArakabheda rahyo zI rIta ? sevo prazna 80 za. paraMtu 24' pahano artha 'vimati' 72vo. ghaTaM karoti bhane ghaTaH kriyate bhai vimatimeta DovAthI 124(me cha mATe panne gha2 4aa cha mema se naya bhAne che. mA 4 te taTaH, taTI mane taTam mAtra zono artha (nahI) samAna hovA chata 59! 'taTaH' 54thI vAya nahI hI 4ii, 'taTI' 54thI pAya nahI chuTTI mane 'taTam' 54thI vAthya nahI hI 11vI. // 24 // samAnArtha hovA chatAM traNe zabdomAM liMgabheda che tethI tajjanya pratItiomAM paNa kaMIka bheda paDaze ane pratItibheda 4 to arthamehano niyama cha. AvI 4 te 'dArAH' bhane 'kalatram' 5ho 59 // samAnArtha DovA chatai paNa "patnIo' (=vRnda) ane "eka patnI' evo bhinna bodha thAya che tethI tyAM paNa saMkhyAbhedanA kAraNe (thatA zAnamethI) abhaha evo. tvaM yAsyasi = 'tuM 46' bhane bhavAn yAsyati = 'mA5zrI. zo' ahIM paNa be pratItimAM phera paDe che. pahelA vAkyamAM dvitIya puruSano prayoga che ane bIjA vAkyamAM tRtIya puruSano prayoga che. judA judA prayogathI jJAna juduM juduM thAya te spaSTa che ane jJAnabheda thAya eTale arthabheda mAnavAna to zanaya 4 4 . sAvI. 4 te 'santiSThate' = sabhya rIte lAbho 23 cha. avatiSThate = sthira Ubho rahe che A be pratItio paNa judI judI che. ahIM pratItibhedamAM upasargabheda kAraNa che. tethI banne sthaLe jJAna alaga alaga thavAthI eno viSaya alaga-alaga jANavo. Ama kALa %3 1. icchati vizeSitataraM pratyutpannanayaH zabdaH /

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nayapariccheda 189 ityAdAvupasargabhedena / paryAyazabdeSu niruktibhedena bhinnamarthaM samabhirohan samabhirUDhaH / zabdanayo hi paryAyabhede'pyarthAbhedamabhipraiti, samabhirUDhastu paryAyabhede bhinnAnAnabhimanyate / abhedaM tvarthagataM paryAyasatyapi karmakArakatvAnusandhAnAnna vAstavaH kArakabhedaH / atredaM pratibhAti - kArakaH vibhaktirityarthaH, tatazca sphuTa eva kArakabhedaH ekatra prathamAvibhakteranyatra ca dvitIyAyAH prayujyamAnatvAditi dig / zabdanayato bhedamupalakSayan samabhiruDhaM pratipAdayati paryAyazabdeSvityAdinA - zabdanayastAvad rUDhito yAvanto dhvanayaH kasmizcidarthe pravartante, yathA indrazakrapurandarapAkazAsanaviDojasAdayaH, teSAM sarveSAmapyekamarthamabhipreti kila pratItivazAt, na hi indrazakrAdayaH paryAyArthinaH zabdA kadAcana vibhinnArthavAcitayA pratIyante, tebhyaH sarvadaiva samAnAkArakaparAmarzotpattestathaiva ca vyavahAradarzanAt, tasmAdeka eva paryAyazabdAnAmartha iti zabdanayaH / zabdyate = AhUyate'nenAbhiprAyeNArtha iti niruktAdekArthapratipAdakatAbhiprAyeNaiva paryAyadhvanInAM prayogAditi / ___ samabhirUDhastu naivaM manyate, sa hi paryAyazabdAnAmapi niruktibhedena bhinnArthatvamavagAhate / ekapravRttikavibhinnAnupurvIsaGaghaTitavarNasamudAyalakSaNAH zabdAH paryAyazabdAH, yathA indra-zakra-purandarAdayasteSu indanAdindraH, zakanAcchakraH, pUrdAraNAtpurandara ityevaM vyutpattibhedena pRthagevArthamabhimanyate / prayogastyevam - paryAyazabdA kArakAdibhedathI arthabheda mAnavo e zabdanayanuM lAkSaNika svarUpa che. (zabda naya mATe granthakAromAM "sAMpratanaya' evo zabdaprayoga paNa thayo che. to keTalAka zabdAdi traNe niyamo mATe "zabdanayo" evo zabdaprayoga paNa thayo che.) * samabhi38 naya * have yathAkrama samabhirUDhanayanuM nirUpaNa kare che. paryAyavAcI zabdomAM paNa vyutpattibhedathI arthabhedane mAnanAra abhiprAyavizeSa te samabhirUDha naya. zabdanaya kALAdibhedathI arthabheda mAne che. paraMtu paryAyavAcI zabdonA arthane to ekarUpa ja mAne che jayAre samabhirUDhanaya to paryAyavAcI zabdonA bhedathI arthabheda mAne cha. mA nayano abhiprAya mevo cha ma 'ghaTa' 'paTa' 'kaTa' mAtra ho / cha bhane ten| martha 55 / cha te 4 zata ghaTa' 'kumbha' 'kalaza' zo 55 4aa cha tathA ten| artho 59 // 46 // 4 mAnava joIe. zabdanaya mate ghaDAmAM ghaTa zabda vAcyatva che, kuMbhazabdavAcyatva che, kalaza zabdavAcyatva paNa che tethI A rIte paryAyavAcI zabdothI vAcya banatA padArthamAM abheda mAne che, paraMtu samabhirUDha naya padArthamAM AvA abhedane mAnato nathI. arthAtuM, tenA pratye AMkhamicAmaNA kare che paNa tenuM khaMDana karato nathI anyathA te naya na. 2het| nayAmAsa banI ya. pUrva nayanA sAmAnya lakSaHi 4 'itarAMzApratikSepI' 56 bhUbhyuM che. e pramANe ItarAMza pratye upekSA rAkhe te naya.) paryAyavAcI zabdonA bhedathI arthabhedanuM udAharaNa Ape che. aizvaryavAnuM hovAthI Indra, samartha hovAthI

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19) jaina tarkabhASA zabdAnAmupekSata iti, yathA indanAdindraH, zakanAcchakraH, pUraNAtpurandara ityAdi / zabdAnAM svapravRttinimittabhUtakriyAviSTamarthaM vAcyatvenAbhyupagacchannevambhUtaH / yathendanamanuvibhinnArthavAcakA prativibhaktavyutpattinimittakatvAt, yathA indraghaTapuruSAdizabdAH vibhinnavyutpattinimittakAzca paryAyazabdA api ato bhinnArthA iti / evambhUtaM lakSayati 'zabdAnAmi'tyAdinA - nanu pAcakAdizabdAzca kecana kriyApravRttinimittakAH, dhanavAnAdayazca kecana dravyapravRttinimittakAH, jJAnavAnAdayazca kecid guNapravRttinimittakAH, gavAdayazca kecana jAtipravRttinimittakAH, pitrAdipradattasaGketakAzca kecana devadattAdayaH punaryadRcchApravRttinimittakAH, tatkathaM lakSaNavAkye svapravRttinimittabhUtakriyetyuktaM, kriyAvyatiriktAnAmapi dravyAdInAmakriyAdirUpANAM zabdapravRttinimittarUpatvAditi cet, maivam, etannayamate sarveSAmapi zabdAnAM kriyAzabdatvAt, yathA ca sarveSAM paJcavidhatvaM zabdAnAM lokaprasiddhaM saGgatimiyAditi vAcyaM, nizcayanayamAzritya sarveSAM zabdAnAM kriyAzabdatve'pi vyavahArato dRzyamAnaM dravyaguNajAtyAdInAM prAdhAnyamurarIkaroti lokaH ato lokavyavahArAnugo vyavahAraH paJcavidhatvaM zabdAnAmaGgIkurute / yathA azeSAnAM jJAnaprakArANAM manaHsAhAyyotpannatve'pi vyavahArato kiJciccAkSuSaM, kiJcittu spArzanamityAdirUpaM pRthagvyapadezamaznute tadvadatrApi bodhyamiti dig / amumevArthaM 'paJcatayItvi' zakra, pura nAmanA daityano nAza karelo hovAthI puraMdara ItyAdi paryAyavAcI zabdonI vyutpatti judI judI che. tethI tenA vAcyArtha paNa juda judA jANavA. (jyAM arthabheda hoya tyAM zabdabheda hoya ja evo samabhirUDhano Azaya nathI kAraNa ke ghaNA zabdo anekArthaka paNa hoya che. dA.ta. "hari' eTale Indri, siMha, vAMdaro, sarpa, zaMkara vagere. go eTale gAya, vANI, bhUmi, kiraNa vagere. anekArthaka zabdono arthabheda che paNa tyAM zabdabheda nathI. mATe jayAM arthabheda hoya tyAM zabdabheda hoya ja evI mAnyatA A nayanI nathI. kintu jayAM zabdabheda hoya tyAM arthabheda hoya ja evI mAnyatA e samabhirUDha nanya che. tethI A naya pramANe - Indra judo, zakra judo, puraMdara judo, zacIpati judo, pAkazAsana judo, biDajA judo. evI rIte kamaLa juduM, paMkaja juduM, padma juduM vagere jANavuM. * evabhUtanaya : have chellA evaMbhUtanayanuM nirUpaNa kare che. zabdanI pravRttimAM nimittabhUta (= zabdanA prayogamAM kAraNabhUta) kriyAthI yukta artha ja te zabdano vAcya bane evo evaMbhUtanayano mata che. jema ke aizvarya anubhavato hoya tyAre ja Indra kahevAya. (arthAt, siMhAsana para beTho hoya, AjJApradAnAdi karato hoya tyAre ja tenA mATe "Indra' padano prayoga thaI zake. pura nAmanA daityano nAza karavAnI pravRtti vakhate ja puraMdara kahevAya. chatAMti : A rIte jo zabda banyo che. jayAre gAya beThI/sUtI hoya tyAre tene mATe jo padano prayoga na thaI zake evo A nayano abhiprAya che.) samabhirUDha naya karatA evabhUtanA abhiprAyanI

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nayapariccheda 191 bhavannindraH / samabhinDhanayo hIndanAdikriyAyAM satyAmasatyAM ca vAsavAderarthasyendrAdivyapadezamabhipreti, kriyopalakSitasAmAnyasyaiva pravRttinimittatvAt, pazuvizeSasya gamanakriyAyAM satyAmasatyAM ca govyapadezavat, tathADheH sadbhAvAt / evambhUtaH punarindanAdikriyApariNatamarthaM tatkriyAkAle indrAdivyapadezabhAjamabhimanyate / na hi kazcidakriyAzabdo'syAsti / gaurazva ityAdijAtizabdAbhimatAnAmapi kriyAzabdatvAta, gacchatIti gauH, AzugAmitvAdazva iti / tyAdinA granthakAraH sUcayiSyati / nanu samabhirUDhanayo'pi vyutpattibhedanimittakasaMjJAbhedato'rthabhedamabhyupagacchati, evambhUto'pi tatheti kiMkRto'nayorvizeSa iti jijJAsAyAmAha 'samabhirUDhanayo hI'tyAdi... ayambhAvaH vyutpattinimittopalakSitasAmAnya samabhirUDhanaye zabdAnAM pravRttinimittaM, evambhUtamate hi vyutpattinimittalakSitaM taditi vizeSaH / yadA kadAcidindanAdikriyAyA adhikaraNe vartamAnaM yadvAsavatvAdilakSaNaM sAmAnyaM tasyaiva indrAdizabdapravRttI vizeSatA batAvatA granthakAra kahe che ke samabhirUDha naya to aizvaryAnubhava thato hoya ke na thato hoya tyAre paNa Indra rUpe vyapadeza (zabdaprayogo kare che. kAraNa ke samabhirUDha nayano mata evo che ke zabdanI vyutpatti dvArA je kriyA pratIta thatI hoya che te to vyutpattinuM nimitta che. paraMtu zabdanuM vyutpattinimitta kAMI kAyama mATe te zabdanI pravRttinuM nimitta banI zakatuM nathI. kAraNa ke vyutpattithI jaNAtI kriyA thatI na hoya tyAre te zabdanI pravRttinuM nimitta koNa bane? gAya jyAre sUtI/beThI hoya tyAre paNa "go' zabdano prayoga tene vize thAya che kAraNa ke gamanakriyAthI upalakSita evI gotva jAti (= sAmAnya) ja "go' zabdanuM pravRttinimitta che. "go" zabdanA prayogamAM gamanakriyA e upalakSaNa che, vizeSaNa nahIM. tethI gAya cAlatI hoya/beThI hoya/sUtI hoya paNa go' padano prayoga thaI zake che, kAraNa ke je upalakSaNa hoya te ekavAra pratIta thaI gayA pachI avidyamAna hovA chatAM paNa arthanuM jJAna karAvI de che. dA.ta. - "peluM kAgaDAvALuM je ghara che te maganabhAInuM. ahIM kAgaDo upalakSaNa che. pachI kyAreka kAgaDo na beTho hoya tyAre paNa te ghara to maganabhAInuM ja kahevAya. jema ahIM kAgaDAthI upalakSita ghara, "maganabhAInuM ghara" evA vyapadezane pAme che pachI kAgaDo na hovA chatA paNa evo vyapadeza thaI zake che. tema gamanakriyAthI upalakSita gAya "gauH' evA vyapadezane pAme che. pachI gamanakriyA na hovA chatAM paNa evo vyapadeza thaI zake che. lokarUDhi A bAbatamAM eka sabaLa pramANa che. beThelA pazuvizeSane paNa "gAya" kahevAya ja che. arthAt beThelI gAyane vize paNa "gauH' evI lokarUDhi che. paraMtu samabhirUDhanA A abhiprAyane evabhUtanaya svIkArato nathI. A naya zabdanA vyutpattinA ane pravRttinA nimittone bhinna mAnato nathI paNa eka ja mAne che. AnA mate to kevaLa kriyAne ja zabdanI pravRttinuM nimitta mAne che. A naya to svargano adhipati jyAre siMhAsana para besIne AjJApradAnAdi dvArA zAsana karato hovAthI aizvaryayukta hoya tyAre ja tene "rudra' zabdano vAcyArtha mAne. 'rUndranAri' mAMnA kavi padathI "jyAre pura nAmanA asurano nAza karato hoya tyAre ja te purandara zabdano vAcyArtha mAne' ItyAdi jANavuM. TUMkamAM, samabhirUDhanaya arthakriyApalakSita jAti jayAM hoya tyAM te te zabdano prayoga mAne che. jayAre evaMbhUtanaya arthakriyAviziSTa

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192 jaina tarkabhASA zuklo, nIla iti guNazabdAbhimatA api kriyAzabdA eva, zucIbhavanAcchuklo, nIlanAnnIla iti / devadatto yajJadatta iti yadRcchAzabdAbhimatA api kriyAzabdA eva, deva enaM deyAt, yajJa enaM deyAditi / saMyogidravyazabdAH samavAya(yi) dravyazabdAzcAbhimatA: kriyAzabdA eva daNDo-'syAstIti daNDI, viSANamasyAstIti viSANItyastikriyApradhAnatvAt / paJcatayI tu zabdAnAM nimittatvena tasyendanAdikriyAzUnyakAle'pi vAsavAdI sattvena tadvalAdindrAdivyapadezasya samabhirUDhamate sambhavAt / evambhUtamate hi yatkAlAvacchinnaM vyutpattinimittakriyAnubhavaviziSTaM vAsavatvAdisAmAnyaM, tatkAlAvacchinnavyapadeza eva sambhavatIti vyutpattinimittakriyopalakSitasAmAnya-lakSitasAmAnyakRto'nayorvizeSaH / evambhUtasyAyaM siddhAntaH, vyutpattyarthazUnyA padArtho na tattvato tatpadavyapedazyaH, yathA gRhakoNasthaghaTaH jalAharaNAdiceSTAzUnyatvAnna tattvato ghaTapadArthaH, anyathA paTo'pi ghaTapadArthaH syAd vyutpattyarthazUnyatvAvizeSAditi / nanvevaM jAti jayAM hoya tyAM ja te zabdano prayoga mAne che. A nayanA mate akriyAvAcaka = kriyApravRttinimittaka na hoya tevA koI zabdo ja nathI. Ama to pAMca prakAranA zabdo manAya che. (1) jAtipravRttinimittaka zabdo : je zabdono prayoga jAtinA kAraNe thato hoya che. dA.ta. "jo' zabda gotva jAtinA kAraNe prayukta thAya che tethI tene jAtipravRttinimittaka kahevAya che. (2) guNapravRttinimittaka zabda : je zabdono prayoga guNanA kAraNe thato hoya. dA.ta. jJAnI ahIM jJAnaguNanimittaka zabdaprayoga thAya che tethI tene guNapravRttinimittaka kahevAya che. (3) yadacchApravRttinimittaka zabda : je zabdono prayoga yadacchAthI thato hoya. dA.ta. kAMtibhAI, zAMtibhAI vagere. ahIM yadacchAthI te te vyaktinuM nAma paDAyuM hoya te te zabdono temane vize thato prayoga yadacchAthI thAya che mATe AvA zabdone yadacchApravRttinimittaka kahevAya che. (4) dravyapravRttinimittaka zabda : je zabdono prayoga dravyanA kAraNe thato hoya. dA.ta. dhanavAnuM, gRhI vigere. ahIM dhana-ghara vagere dravyo te te zabdaprayogamAM nimitta bane che. (5) kriyApravRttinimittaka zabda : je je zabdono prayoga kriyAnA kAraNe thato hoya. dA.ta. pAcaka, recaka, dAyaka vagere. ahIM pAcana, recana, dAna vagere kiyA te te zabdonA prayogamAM nimitta bane che. (dareka zabdomAM koI ne koI kriyA to lagabhaga pratIta thatI ja hoya che. paraMtu jene kriyApravRttinimittaka zabdo kahyA che temAM ati spaSTa rIte kriyA jaNAya che ane anyamAM aspaSTa rIte jaNAya che. jema pUrve granthanA prAraMbhamAM ja ApaNe joI gayA ke zrutajJAnamAM manano vyApAra to hoya ja che chatAM ya jemAM te pradhAnapaNe dekhAto hoya tene ja mAnasapratyakSa kahyuM, zeSane nahIM, ema prastutamAM paNa jANavuM.) paraMtu evabhUtanaya to badhA ja zabdone kriyApravRttinimittaka ja mAne che. A nayanI A mAnyatAne puSTa karavA dareka zabdo zI rIte kriyApravRttinimittaka che e jaNAve che. (1) jAtipravRttinimittaka: T-1zva vagere jAtipravRttinimittaka kahevAya che. paraMtu je gamana kare te gAya,

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nayapariccheda vyavahAramAtrAt, na tu nizcayAdityayaM nayaH svIkurute / eteSvAdyAzvatvAraH prAdhAnyenArthagocaratvAdarthanayAH antyAstu trayaH prAdhAnyena zabdagocaratvAcchabdanayAH / tathA vizeSagrAhiNo'rpitanayAH, sAmAnyagrAhiNazcAnarpitanayAH / tatrAnarpitanayamate tulyameva rUpaM sarveSAM siddhAnAM bhagavatAm / arpitanayamate tvekadvitryAdisamaya-siddhAH svasamAnasamayasiddhaireva tulyA iti / tathA, lokaprasiddhArthAnuvAdaparo vyavahAranayaH, yathA prANadhAraNAtmakajIvapadavyutpattyarthAbhAvAt siddho'pi na jIvaH syAditi cet, iSTamevaitannayamate, tadAha bhASyakAraH 1" evaM jIvaM jIvo saMsArI pANadhAraNAnubhavA, siddho puNa ajIvo jIvaNapariNAmarahiotti" (vizeSA. bhA.gA.2256) 'sattva'- 'AtmA' ityAdivyapadezaH siddhe etannayamate'pyaviruddha eva tatra utpAdavyayadhrauvyAtmakasya sattvapadavyutpattyarthasya, atati satatamaparaparyAyAn gacchatIti Atmapadavyutpattyarthasya ca je jhaDapI gamana kare te azva.ahIM gamana, Azugamana kriyAnA kAraNe zabdaprayoga thAya che. (2) guNapravRttinimittaka : zukala, nIla Adi guNapravRttinimittaka kahevAya che. paraMtu zuci thavAthIhovAthI zukla ane kALuM hovAthI-thavAthI nIla kahevAya che. ahIM paNa zuci/kALAza thavArUpa kriyA ja zabdaprayogamAM nimitta che. (3) yadacchApravRttinimittaka : devadatta-yajJadatta vagere nAmo yadacchApravRttinimittaka kahevAya che. paraMtu devano dIdhelo hovAthI devadatta ane yajJa dvArA apAyelo hovAthI yajJadatta kahevAya che. Ama ahIM paNa deva/yajJa dvArA thatI dAnakriyA ja te te zabdaprayogamAM nimitta che. 193 (4) dravyapravRttinimittaka H saMyoga saMbaMdhavALA dravya te saMyogI dravya. samavAya saMbaMdhavALA dravya te samavAyidravya. daMDa ane puruSano saMyogasaMbaMdha hoya che mATe 'vaDDI' e saMyogidravya-pravRttinimittaka zabda kahevAya che. viSANa (= zIMgaDuM) ane pazuno samavAyasaMbaMdha hoya che mATe viALI e samavAyidravyapravRttinimittaka zabda kahevAya che. paraMtu ahIM paNa hovArUpa astitva kriyAnI ja pradhAnatA che. daMDa jenI pAse hoya te daMDI ane viSANa jene hoya te viSANI. A rIte A zabdanA prayogamAM paNa kriyA ja nimitta bane che. (5) kriyApravRttinimittaka : A zabdono prayoga to spaSTapaNe ja kriyAnA nimitte thAya che. AnA parathI siddha thAya che ke duniyAmAM kriyAvAcaka na hoya tevo koI zabda ja nathI. zaMkA. to pachI zabdonA je jAtipravRttinimittaka, guNapravRttinimittaka vagere pAMca prakAro batAvyA che tenI saMgati zI rIte karazo ? samA. lokamAM jyAre zabdonA pAMca prakArano vyavahAra thAya che tyAre te te zabdanI vyutpatti dvArA pratIta thanArI kriyAne gauNa mAnI ane jAti-guNa Adine mukhya mAnIne vyavahAranayathI evo vyavahAra thAya che. bAkI nizcayanayanA abhiprAyathI to dareka zabdo kriyAvAcaka ja che. Avo evammUtanayano mata che. 1. evaM jIvanjIvaH saMsArI prANadhAraNAnubhavAt, siddhaH punarajIvo jIvanapariNAmarahita iti /

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194 jaina takabhASA paJcasvapi varNeSu bhramare satsu, zyAmo bhramara iti vyapadezaH / tAttvikArthAbhyupagamaparastu nizcayaH, sa punarmanyate paJcavarNo bhramaraH, bAdaraskandhatvena taccharIrasya paJcavarNapudgalairniSpannatvAt, zuklAdInAM ca nyagbhUtatvenAnupalakSaNAt / athavA ekanayamatArthagrAhI vyavahAraH, sarvanayamatArthagrAhI ca nizcayaH / na caivaM nizcayasya pramANatvena nayatvavyAghAtaH, sarvanayamatasyApi svArthasya tena sattvAt / vizeSArthinA nayarahasyAdikamavalokanIyam / 'sarvanayamatArthagrAhI nizcaya' iti - bhAvanikSepasya sakalanayamAnyatvAnnizcayasya ca bhAvamAtragrAhitvAt * artha - zabdanayo tathA arpita - anarpita nayo * A rIte sAta nayonuM pRthaka pRthak nirUpaNa pUrNa thayuM. have A sAta nayonA judI judI rIte thatA vibhAgo jaNAve che. jaina darzanamAM nayonA jema naigama-saMgraha vagere bhedo pADyA che tema bIjI paNa aneka rIte nayonA bheda paDe che. have judI judI rIte nayonA vibhAgIkaraNa karI batAve che. A sAta nayomAMthI naigama-saMgraha-vyavahAra ane RjusUtra e cAra nayo arthanuM nirUpaNa karavAmAM pravINa hovAthI tene arthanaya kahevAya che jyAre zabda-samabhirUDha ane evabhUta e chellA traNa navo pradhAnatayA zabdane viSaya banAvanArA hovAthI tene zabdanaya kahevAya che. (arthAt, jyAM zabdanA AdhAra vinA svatantra rIte arthano vicAra karI zakAya te arthanaya. jyAM zabdanA kAraka-liMga-vacana-paryAya-vyutpatti arthakriyAkAritva AdinA AdhAre arthanirNaya karAya che te zabdanAya. kAraNa ke tyAM zabdanI ja pradhAnatA che) A sAta nayomAMthI je nayo vizeSagrAhI hoya tene arpitanaya kahevAya che ane je nayo sAmAnyagrAhI hoya tene anarpita naya kahevAya che. sAmAnyamAtragrAhI evo saMgrahanaya anarpitanaya kahevAze. naigamanaya jyAre sAmAnyAMzanuM grahaNa kare tyAre anarmitanaya kahevAze ane jyAre vizeSAMzanuM grahaNa kare tyAre arpitanaya kahevAze. vyavahArAdi zeSa nayo vizeSagrAhI hovAthI arpitanaya kahevAze. arpita-anarpita nayonA abhiprAyane udAharaNa dvArA spaSTa kare che. anarpitanaya kevaLa sAmAnyazagrAhI hoya che mATe tene anusAre tamAma siddha bhagavaMtonuM svarUpa samAna che kAraNa ke siddha bhagavaMtomAM paraspara bheda hovA chatAM paNa siddhatva sAdhAraNa dharma che tenA kAraNe tamAma siddha bhagavaMto samAnarUpa che. paNa vizeSagrAhI arpitanaya pramANe jeTalA eka samaye siddha hoya teTalA ja siddho (eka samayasiddhatvena) samAnarUpa che. paraMtu dvitIyasamayasiddha tRtIyasamayasiddha vagere judA che. * vyavahAra-nizcaya naya * have vyavahAra-nizcayarUpe nayonuM vaividhya jaNAve che. A lokamAM je vastu mATe jevo vyavahAra thato hoya (arthAtu, lokamAM je vastu je rIte prasiddha hoya) tenA AdhAre vastunuM pratipAdana karavAmAM tatpara hoya te vyavahAranaya. jema ke bhamarAmAM pAMca varSo rahyA hovA chatAM paNa lokamAM "bhamaro kALo che' AvI prasiddhi che tethI vyavahAranaya evuM ja mAne che ke "bhamaro kALo che'. tAttvika arthane svIkAravAmAM tatpara hoya te nizcayanaya. A naya "bhamaro kALo

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195 nayapariccheda prAdhAnyAbhyupagamAt / tathA, jJAnamAtraprAdhAnyAbhyupagamaparA jJAnanayAH / kriyAmAtraprAdhAnyAbhyupagamaparAzca kriyAnayAH / tatrarjusUtrAdayazcatvAro nayAzcAritralakSaNAyAH kriyAyA eva prAdhAsarvanayamatArthagrAhitvaM tasya / vyavahArastu na tathA, tasya nAmasthApanAderapi grAhakatvAt paryAyanayaizca nAmasthApanAdyanabhyupagamAditi / / 'jJAnamAtrAbhyupagamaparA jJAnanayA' iti - jJAnanayavaktavyatA ceyam - aihika-AmuSmikaphalArthinA samyagvijJAta evArthe pravartitavyamanyapravRttau phalavisaMvAdadarzanAt, tathA cAnyairapyuktam- 'vijJaptiH phaladA puMsAM, na kriyA phaladA matA / mithyAjJAnAt pravRttasya, phalAsaMvAdadarzanAt' / / tathA cAgame'pyuktam- 1 paDhamaM nANaM tao dayA' (dazavaikAlikasUtra-gAthA 4/ ) ityAdi, tathA 2jaM annANI kammaM ityAdikam / itazca jJAnasyaiva prAdhAnyaM yatastIrthakaragaNadharairagItArthAnAM kevalAnAM vihAro'pi niSiddhaH / tathA ca tadvacanam - 3'gIyattho ya vihAro bIo gIyatthamIsao bhaNio etto taiyavihAro nANunnAo jiNavarehiM' / yasmAdandhenAndhaH samAkRSyamANaH samyakpanthAnaM na pratipadyata iti bhAvaH / evaM tAvat kSAyopazamikajJAnamadhikRtyoktam, che. mAtra eTaluM ja na mAne. e to ema mAne che ke bhamarAnuM zarIra bAdara skandharUpa hovAthI e pAMce ya varNovALA pudgalothI baneluM hoya che mATe nizcayanaya to "pAMca varNavALo bhamaro' evuM ja mAne che. zaMkA. : jo bhamaro pAMce ya varNavALo hoya to pachI temAM mAtra kALo varNa ja kema dekhAya che ? samA. - bhamarAmAM zukalAdi varNo tirobhUta hoya che arthAt, avyakta hoya che ane kALo varNa vyakta hoya che mATe sUryaprakAzamAM jema nakSatrono prakAza vidyamAna hovA chatAM paNa vyakta dekhAto nathI te rIte zuklAdi varNo vyakta rIte dekhAtA nathI. eka rIte vyavahAra-nizcayano bheda jaNAvyA bAda have bIjI rIte teno bheda jaNAve che. ema paNa kahI zakAya ke eka nayane abhimata arthanuM je grahaNa kare te vyavahAranaya ane sarvanayone abhimata evA arthanuM ja grahaNa kare te nizcaya naya. tAtparya e che ke sarvanayo bhAvanikSepane to svIkAre ja che. tethI "bhAva" padArtha sarvanayone saMmata artha thayo. nizcayanaya mAtra bhAvagrAhI (bhAvanikSepagrAhI) che tethI te sarvanayamatArthagrAhI kahevAya kAraNa ke bhAvanikSepa sarvanayamAnya che. jayAre vyavahAra to sthUladarzI hovAthI nAma-sthApanAdine paNa mAne che. nAma-sthApanAdi sAte ya nayone saMmata nathI kintu amuka nayone ja saMmata che. mATe je amuka nayane saMmata hoya evA nAmaghaTAdi padArthane ya mAnato hovAthI vyavahAra naya ekanayamatArthagrAhI kehavAya che. zaMkA - sarvanayone abhimata vastunuM grahaNa karanAra nizcaya to pramANa banI jaze, naya nahIM rahe. samA. - sarvanayAbhimata evA svAbhimata arthane te pradhAnatayA mAne che, arthAt ItarAMzane te gaNatayA mAne che tethI "nizcaya'nA nayatvanI hAni nahIM thAya. have jJAna-kriyAnayarUpe be vibhAga darzAve che. 9. prathama jJAnaM tato rayA | 2. jJAnI .. 3. gItArthazca vihAro dvitIyo gItArthamizrako bhaNitaH etasmAttatIyavihAro nAnajJAto jinavaraiH /

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196 jaina tarkabhASA nyamabhyupagacchanti, tasyA eva mokSaM pratyavyavahitakAraNatvAt / naigamasaMgrahavyavahArAstu yadyapi kSAyikamapyaGgIkRtya viziSTaphalasAdhakatvaM tasyaiva jJeyam, yasmAdarhato'pi bhavAmbhodhestaTasthasya pratipannadIkSasyotkRSTatapazcaraNacAritravato'pi na tAvadapavargaprAptiH, saJjAyate, yAvadakhilajIvAdivastustomasAkSAtkaraNadakSaM kevalajJAnaM notpannam / tasmAjjJAnameva sakalapuruSArthasiddhernibandhanam / kriyAnayavaktavyatA ceyam - kriyaiva pradhAnaM puruSArthasiddhikAraNam, prayatnAdikriyAlakSaNaviraheNa jJAnavato'pyabhilaSitArthAnavAptidarzanAt, tathA cAnyairapyuktam - 'kriyaiva phaladA puMsAM, na jJAnaM phaladaM mataM, yataH strIbhakSyabhogajJo na jJAnAt sukhito bhavet / tathA ca kriyAniyataiva arthakAmArthasiddhiH, dharmArthasiddhirapi tAdRzyeva yatastIrthakaragaNadharairAgame'pi kriyAvaikalye jJAnanaiSphalyamevoktam - tathAhi 1'subahupi suyamahIyaM, kiM kAhI caraNavippamukkassa, andhassa jaha palittA dIvasayasahassakoDI vi|1|' nANaM savisayaniyayaM na nANametteNa kajjaniphattI, maggaNNu diTuMto hoi saceTTho aceTTho ya / 2 / jANato vi ya tarIuM kAiyajogaM na juMjai jo u, so buDDai soeNaM evaM nANI caraNahINo / 3 / - 4'jahA kharo caMdaNabhAravAhI bhArassa bhAgI na hu caMdaNassa, evaM khu nANI caraNeNa hINo nANassa bhAgI na hu suggaie' ityAdi / evaM tAvatkSAyopazamikI caraNakriyAmaGgIkRtya prAdhAnyamuktam / ataH kSAyikImapi tAmAzritya tasyA eva prAdhAnyamavaseyam, yasmAdarhato'pi bhagavataH samutpannakaivalyasyApi na tAvad mokSasamprAptiH sampadyate yAvadakhilakarmendhanAnalajAlakalApakalpAM zailezyavasthAM sarvasaMvararUpacAritrakriyAM na prApnotIti mokSArthasiddhirapi kriyAyattaiveti siddhaM yatkriyaivAzeSapuruSArthasiddhinibandhanam / 'mokSaM pratyavyavahitakAraNatvAd' iti - zailezIkaraNalakSaNakriyAyA anantaramevApavargaprApteH kriyAyA * jJAna-DiyA naya * kArya pratye jJAnane ja pradhAnarUpe kAraNa mAne te jJAnanaya ane kArya pratye kriyAne ja pradhAnarUpe (= mukhya) kAraNa mAne te kriyAnaya. A banne nayonA abhiprAyane ekavAra jANI laI. Ananayano abhiprAya : 'paDhamaM nANaM tao dayA', jaM annANI kamma'... tyA zastravAnyo jJAnane ja pradhAna-mukhya sAbita kare che. jJAna vinAnI kriyAno koI artha nathI. samajaNapUrvakanI kriyA ja isa bane che... tyAhi. kriyAnayano abhiprAyaH ekaluM jJAna kaMI kAma lAgatuM nathI. kriyA to karavI ja paDe. rasoI karavAnuM jJAna hoya chatAM jo kriyA na kare to sudhA na zame. taravAnuM jJAna hovA chatAM ya hAtha-paga halAvavArUpa kriyA karavI ja paDe, anyathA chate jJAne DUbI marAya. kevaLajJAna pAmyA pachI paNa sarvasaMvararUpa cAritra (= kriyA) jyAM sudhI na Ave tyAM sudhI koI jIvano mokSa thaI zakato nathI. Aja batAve che ke kriyA ja mukhya che. mokSa pratye samyagdarzana-jJAna ane cAritrane kAraNa kahyA che chatA paNa RjusUtrAdi cAra navo mokSa 1. suvApi zrutamadhItaM kiM kariSyati caraNavipramuktasya / andhasya yathA pradIptA dIpazatasahasrakoTirapi / / 2. jJAnaM svaviSayaniyataM na jJAnamAtreNa kAryaniSpattiH / mArgajJo dRSTAnto bhavati saceSTo'ceSTazca / / 3. jAnannapi ca tarItuM kAyikayogaM na yunakti yastu / sa vuDati zrotasA evaM jJAnI caraNahInaH / / 4. yathA kharazcandanabhAravAhI bhArasya bhAgI na tu candanasya, evaM khalu jJAnI caraNena hIno jJAnasya bhAgI na tu sadagateH / /

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nayapariccheda cAritrazrutasamyaktvAnAM trayANAmapi mokSakAraNatvamicchanti, tathApi vyastAnAmeva, na tu samastAnAm, etanmate jJAnAditrayAdeva mokSa ityaniyamAt, anyathA nayatvahAniprasaGgAt, samudayavAdasya sthitapakSatvAditi draSTavyam / eva avyavahitatvam, na tu jJAnasya tAthAvidhyaM, kaivalyaprAptyanantaramapi kiJcinyUnapUrvakoTivarSaM yAvad bhavasthakevalitayA saMsArAvasthAnasambhavAt / ' tathApi vyastAnAmeve 'ti nanu 'samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH' (zrI tattvArthAdhimasUtra 1 / 1 ) iti vacanAt trayANAmapi mokSaM prati kAraNatvaM pratipAditameveti tAneva tathAsvIkurvANA naigamAdayo pramANatvaprAptAH santaH kathaM jJAnanayatvaM rakSayeyurityAzaGkAyAmAha ' tathApI 'tyAdinA / tathApi = mokSakAraNatvamabhyupagacchanto'pItyarthaH / vyastAnAmiti mokSatvAvacchinnakAryatAnirUpitakAraNatAvacchedakavibhinnadharmAkalitAnAmeva / evaM satyeva jJAnasya prAdhAnyena kAraNatvaM tadanyayozca gauNatayetyupagamasteSAM yujyate, samuditAnAM kAraNatve tu sarveSAM prAdhAnyameva syAdityAha 'samastAnAmi' ti mokSatvAvacchinnakAryatAnirupitakAraNatAvacchedakI bhUtaikadharmakalitAnAmityarthaH / 'samudayavAdasyeti' - samuditajJAnAdibhistribhirmuktirna tu vyastairiti vAdasya sthitapakSatvAt = 197 pratye cAritrarUpa kriyAne ja pradhAna kAraNa mAne che. temanI dalIla evI che ke kSAyika (kevaLa) jJAna ane darzana prApta thayA pachI paNa te ja kSaNe mokSa thato nathI. kintu sarvasaMvararUpa cAritra (kriyA) maLyA pachI ja tarata mokSa thAya che mATe avyavahita kAraNa hovAthI cAritra (= kriyA) ja mokSanuM pradhAna kAraNa che. hA, kevaLajJAna-darzana vinA sarvasaMvararUpa cAritra AvI zakatuM nathI tethI jJAna-darzana paNa cAritranA hetu hovAthI cAritrasAdhya evA mokSanA kAraNa che e vAta sAcI che paraMtu A rIte paraMpara (= vyavahita) kAraNone paNa jo kAraNa mAnazo to pachI tamAre duniyA AkhIne mokSanuM kAraNa mAnavuM paDaze kAraNa ke dareka padArtha viSayarUpe jJAnanuM kAraNa che, jJAna cAritranuM kAraNa che ane cAritra mokSanuM kAraNa che. mATe AvuM gaurava karavA karatA avyavahita kAraNa hovAthI cAritra (- kriyA)ne ja mokSa pratye pradhAna kAraNa mAnavuM ucita che. = naigama, saMgraha ane vyavahAra A traNe jJAnanayo che. A traNe to jo ke jJAna-darzana-cAritra traNene mokSanA kAraNa mAne che, chatA paNa pRthak pRthak rUpe traNene kAraNa mAne che, samuditarUpe nahIM. tAtparya e che ke jo traNene samuditarUpe kAraNa mAnavAmAM Ave arthAt, jJAnAdi traNenA samudAyane jo mokSa pratye kAraNa mAnavAmAM Ave to pachI A abhiprAya pramANarUpa ja banI jAya tethI nayatvanI hAni thAya. traNene samuditarUpe kAraNa mAnavAmAM A jJAnanaya na rahetA pramANarUpa eTalA mATe banI jAya ke samudita kAraNatA mAnavAmAM to traNenuM samAna prAdhAnya rahe. jJAna ane cAritra (kriyA)nuM samAna prAdhAnya je abhiprAyamAM Ave te jJAnanayarUpa zI rIte rahe ? kAraNa ke je abhiprAyamAM mAtra jJAnanI pradhAnatA hoya tene ja jJAnanaya kahevAya che. jJAnAdi traNenI samuditakAraNatAnA abhiprAyamAM to jJAna-kriyA ubhayanI

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jaina tarkabhASA kaH punaratra bahuviSayo nayaH ko vA'lpaviSayaH ? iti ced, ucyate - sanmAtragocarAtsaGgrahAtAvannaigamo bahuviSayo bhAvAbhAvabhUmikatvAt / sadvizeSaprakAzakAdvyavahArataH saGgrahaH samastasatsamUhopadarzakatvAdbahuviSayaH / vartamAnaviSayAvalambina RjusUtrAtkAlatritayavartyarthajAtAvalambI pramANavAdatvAdityarthaH, yathA pUrvoktaM tatvArthavacanam / etadvistarArthinA tu tattvArthabhASyaTIkA'valokanIyA / sthitapakSatvAdityatrAyambhAvaH sthitapakSaH = siddhAntapakSa ityapi gIyate / tathA ca siddhAntapakSe jJAnAditrayAdeva mokSa iti niyamAt jJAnAditrayaparyAptA eva mokSanirUpitakAraNatA, zikSA'bhyAsapratibhAparyAptA kAvyakAraNateva paryavasyati, na tu tRNAraNimaNinyAyena pratyekajJAnAdivizrAntA / naigamAdinayamate punarmokSanirUpitakAraNatAyAH pratyekaM jJAnAdiSu vahnikAraNatAyAH pratyekaM tRNAraNimaNiSviva vizrAntatayA na teSAM sthitapakSatvaM samyagdRSTitvaM vA / ayameva hi naya-siddhAntavAdayorbhedo yannayAH trINyapi jJAnAdIni mokSakAraNatvena manyamAnA api pratyekasmin svAtantryeNaiva kAraNatvaM kalpayantastrInapi pradhAnatA Ave tethI te pramANarUpa banI jAya. kAraNa ke samudayavAda e ja to pramANa che. AvuM na bane mATe naigamAdi traNe nayo jJAnAdi traNene pRthak pRthak rUpe kAraNa mAne che. eTale ke naigamAdi traNa nayo zuddha (= ekalA) jJAnane athavA zuddha (= ekalI) kriyAne kAraNa mAne che paNa jJAnAdi traNene nahIM. A siddhAntanA lIdhe nayono bheda che. * nayonA viSayomAM nyUnAdhiktAno vicAra * 198 dareka nayane potapotAnuM kSetra (= viSayamaryAdA) hoya che. AthI have nayonA viSayomAM nyUnAdhikatAno vicAra kare che - je sAta nayonuM nirUpaNa karAyuM che temAMthI kayo naya adhikaviSayavALo che ane kayo naya alpaviSayavALo che evI jijJAsA jene hoya tene javAba ApatA jaNAve che ke kevaLa sat viSayaka (= vidyamAna evA sAmAnya artha viSayaka) saMgrahanaya karatA naigamanayanuM viSayakSetra adhika che kAraNa ke naigamanaya to bhAva padArthanI jema abhAva (= avidyamAna) padArthane paNa viSaya banAve che. (naigamanayanA jeTalA udAharaNo pUrve batAvelA che te badhA ja bhAvivaSayaka che. abhAviSayaka naigamanuM udAharaNa tyAM apAyuM nathI mATe ApaNe eka abhAvaviSayaka naigamanuM udAharaNa joI laIye. hAthamAM kuhADI laIne jaMgala tarapha jatA puruSane koI pUche ke 'kyAM jAva cho ?' to pelo puruSa javAba Ape che ke 'huM prasthaka (mApa-vizeSa) levA jauM chuM.' hajI to jaMgalamAM jaze, lAkaDuM kApaze, pachI temAMthI eka khaMDa kApI leze, pachI te lAkaDAne kotarIne prasthaka banAvaze. chatAM vanaprayANa vakhate ja 'prasthaka levA jauM chuM' evuM je kahyuM te naigamanayathI kaheluM jANavuM. kAraNa ke prasthaka hajI vidyamAna nathI ane chatAM saMkalpano viSaya banyo che. AnA parathI spaSTa jaNAya che ke kevaLa vidyamAna padArthaviSayaka saMgrahanaya karatA vidyamAnAvidyamAnArthaviSayaka naigamanaya adhikaviSayI che.) samasta sat padArthonuM grahaNa karanAra saMgrahanaya, samAM paNa vizeSanA ja prakAzaka evA vyavahAranaya

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nayapariccheda 199 vyavahAro bahuviSayaH / kAlAdibhedena bhinnArthopadezakAcchabdAttadviparItavedaka RjusUtro bahuviSayaH / na kevalaM kAlAdibhedenaivarjusUtrAdalpArthatA zabdasya, kintu bhAvaghaTasyApi sadbhAvAsadbhAvAdinA'rpitasya syAd ghaTaH syAdaghaTa ityAdibhaGgaparikaritasya tenAbhyupagamAt tasyarjusUtrAd pRthak pRthak mokSakAraNatvena sthApayanti / tanmate hi jJAnamAtrasevinAm, darzanamAtrasevinAm, cAritramAtrasevinAM ca tulyatayA mokSAdhikArAt / siddhAntavAdastu na kuto'pi jJAnAderekaikasmAt mokSalAbhamicchati, kiMtu anyonyasahakAribhAvApannAt tattrayAdeva / ata eva vyastakAraNatAvAdI nayaH samastakAraNatAvAdI ca siddhAnta ityapyabhidhAtuM zakyam / RjusUtrAdalpArthatA zabdasya sphuTayati 'na kevalami'tyAdinA - ayambhAvaH RjusUtranayastAvadvastunaH catvAro'pi nikSepAnicchanti zabdAdayastu trayaH kevalaM bhAvanikSepamicchantIti tu 1 bhAvaM ciya saddaNayA, sesA icchanti savvaNikkheve' (vize.bhA.gA.2847) iti bhASyavacanaprAmANyAdavagamyate / tatazca RjusUtrAdvizeSaH punaH zabdasyetthaM bhAvanIyo- yaduta pRthubudhnodarAkArAdikalito bhAvaghaTa eva paramArthataH san, taditareSAM tttulykaratA adhikaviSayI che. traNe kALanA padArthonuM grahaNa karavAmAM kuzaLa evo vyavahAranaya, mAtra vartamAnakSaNanA ja paryAyane grahaNa karanArA RjusUtranaya karatA adhikaviSayI che. kALa-kArakAdinA bhedathI vastune bhinna mAnanArA evA zabdanaya karatA RjusUtranaya adhikaviSayI che kAraNa ke RjusUtranaya kALAdi bhedathI bhinna vastune paNa ekarUpa mAne che. zabdanaya tene bhinna bhinna mAne che. A uparAMta mAtra bhAvanikSepane ja mAnavAnA kAraNe paNa zabdanaya RjusUtranaya karatA vizeSitatara viSayagrAhI che. zabdanaya pramANe zabdanI vyutpatyartha ja pradhAna che tethI zabda dvArA pratIta thanAro artha che padArthamAM saMbhavI zake tene ja zabdanaya vAstavamAM satya mAne che. "paTa' dhAtu uparathI "paTa' zabdanI utpatti thaI che. "ghaTa veSTAyAm' evA dhAtupATha pramANe "gha' dhAtuno artha "ceSTA' che. ghaTa zabda mATe jalAhAraNa kriyA e ceSTA che. je ghaTathI pANI lAvI zakAya tene bhAvaghaTa kahevAya che ane zabdanaya AvA bhAvaghaTane ja satya mAne che. nAmaghaTa, sthApanAghaTa ke dravyaghaTa zabdanaya pramANe ghaTa nathI kAraNa ke nAmAdighaTathI pANI lAvI zakAtuM nathI. RjusUtra naya nAma, sthApanA, dravya ane bhAva e cAre ya prakAranA vartamAna ghaTane mAne che jyAre prathabubbodarAdi AkArathI yukta jalAharaNakriyAsamartha vartamAna bhAvaghaTane ja mAnanAra zabdanaya vizeSitataraviSayagrAhI che. (ahIM khyAla rAkhajo ke atItAdi kALanA ane parakIya ghaTane paNa mAnanArA vyavahAranaya karatA RjusUtranaya mAtra vartamAna-svakIya arthagrAhI hovAthI vizeSitaarthagrAhI kahyo che ane emAMthI paNa viSayasaMkoca karanAra hovAthI zabdanayane vizeSitatara arthagrAhI kahyo che.) A uparAMta bIjI rIte paNa zabdanaya RjusUtranaya karatA vizeSitArthagrAhI che. A ja vAtane granthakArazrI "na vevasaMItyAdi granthathI jaNAve che. RjusUtranaya cAre nikSepa mAne che jyAre zabdanaya to mAtra bhAvanikSepa ja mAne che temAM paNa (= bhAvaghaTa vize paNa) RjusUtranaya pratyutpanna sattvAsasvAdithI avizeSita 1. bhAvameva zabdanayAH, zeSA icchanti sarvanikSepAn / /

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jaina tarkabhASA ? * vizeSitataratvopadezAt / yadyapIdRzasampUrNasaptabhaGgaparikaritaM vastu syAdvAdina eva saGgirante, tathApi RjusUtrakRtaitadabhyupagamApekSayA'nyatarabhaGgena vizeSitapratipattiratrAduSTetyadoSa iti vadanti / pratiparyAyazabdamarthabhedamabhIpsataH samabhirUDhAcchabdastadviSayA (dviparyayA) nuyAyitvAdbahuviSayaH / prapariNatyabhAvenAghaTakalpatvAt / ayaM ca vizeSaH atrAnukto'pi anyatroktatvAdanusandheyaH / atratyavizeSapratipAdanamUlaM hi bhASye, tathAhi- ' ahavA paccuppanno riusuttassAvisesio ceva kumbho visesiyataro sabbhAvAihiM saddassa (2231) / sabbhAvAsambhAvobhayappio saparapajjayobhayappao kumbhAkumbhAvattavvobhayarUvAibheo so (2232)' / ayambhAvaH - atItAdikAlAvacchinne parakIye'pi ghaTe ghaTatvamabhyupagacchato vyavahArAd RjusUtrastAvad 'pratyutpannami'ti vizeSitaM ghaTamevAbhimanyate, vArtamAnikasvakIyavastuna eva tenopagamAt / RjUsUtrasyAvizeSita eva sAmAnyena kumbho'bhipretaH zabdanayasya tu sa eva urdhvagrIvatvAdisvaparyAyaiH sadbhAvena vizeSa ghaTo, 'ghaTaH' iti bhaNyate ityevamanayorbhedaH / svaparyAyaiH ubhayaparyAyaizca sadbhAvena asadbhAvena ghaTane ja sAmAnyathI ghaTa mAne che. paraMtu zabdanaya to sadbhAvAdithI vizeSitatara ghaTane ja ghaTa mAne che. tethI ghaTa, aghaTa, avaktavyAdi bhedothI yukta ghaTane mAnavAthI zabdanayamAM samabhaMgI pravartaze. svaparyAyothI sadbhAvizeSata ghaTa hoya che. tethI 'cAr ghaTa' A prathamabhaMga banaze. tvANAdirUpa paraparyAyo (paTaparyAyo) dvArA asadbhAvathI vizeSita kuMbha kuMbharUpa hoto nathI. A vivakSAthI 'syAtrAOva ghaTaH' A bIjo bhaMga banaze. A rIte sadbhAva asadbhAvAdithI (AdithI avaktavyatvAdi samajavuM.) vizeSitata kuMbhane ja mAnavAnA kAraNe zabdanayamAM samabhaMgInI pravRtti thaze jyAre RjusUtra to sadbhAvAdithI avizeSita kuMbhane kuMbha mAne che mATe temAM saptabhaMgInI pravRtti thaI zakatI nathI. te to vartamAna svakIya kuMbhamAtrane kuMbha mAne che A rIte paNa RjusUtra karatA zabdanayamAM vizeSitatarArthagrAhitva siddha thAya che. (A padArthanuM mULa *vizeSAvazyakabhASyanI 2231, 2232 mI gAthAmAM che. ene anusarIne nayarahasyAdi granthomAM paNa A padArthanI vizada chaNAvaTa karAI che.) 200 zaMkA : zabdanaya jo saptabhaMgI svIkAre to te pramANarUpa banI jaze kAraNa ke saptabhaMgIyukta saMpUrNavastune to syAdvAdI ja mAne che. (syAdvAdagarbhitavAkya e pramANavAkya hoya che.) samAdhAna H zabdanaya saptabhaMgIyukta paripUrNa vastune ja mAne che evuM samajI besavAthI ja tamane A gerasamaja UbhI thaI che. paraMtu vAstavikatA evI nathI. RjusUtra sadbhAva ane asadbhAvathI avizeSita vartamAna svakIya kuMbhamAtragrAhI hoya che ane zabdanaya sadbhAva ane asadbhAva A bemAMthI koI ekathI vizeSita kuMbhano grAhaka che. sAtamAMthI koI paNa eka bhAMgA dvArA sadbhAva ane asadbhAva A bemAMthI anyatarano grAhaka hovAthI zabdanaya RjusUtranaya karatA vizeSitatarArthagrAhI che e ja batAvavAnuM tAtparya che, eTale pramANarUpa banI javAno doSa nathI ema pUrvAcAryo kahe che. * 1. athavA pratyutpanna RjusUtrasyAvizeSita eva / kambho vizeSitataraH sadbhAvAdibhiH zabdasya || 2. sadbhAvAsadbhAvobhayArpitaH svaparaparyAyobhayataH / kumbhAkumbhAvaktavyobhayarUpAdibhedaH sa / /

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nayapariccheda tikriyaM vibhinnamarthaM pratijAnAnAdevambhUtAtsamabhirUDhaH tadanyathArthasthApakatvAdbahuviSayaH / nayavAkyamapi svaviSaye pravartamAnaM vidhipratiSedhAbhyAM saptabhaGgImanugacchati, vikalAdezatvAt, ubhayena ca vizeSito ghaTaH ghaTAghaTAvaktavyobhayarUpAdibhedo bhavati = saptabhaGgIM pratipadyata ityarthaH / tadevaM RjusUtrAbhyupagataM saptabhedaM ghaTAdikamarthaM yathAvivakSamekena kenApi bhaGgakena vizeSitataramasau zabdanayaH pratipadyate, nayatvAt, RjusUtrAdvizeSitataravastugrAhitvAcca / 'nayavAkyamapI'ti - yathA pramANavAkyaM svArthamabhidadhAnaM saptabhaGgImanugacchati tathA ityaperarthaH / nayasaptabhaGgISvapi pratibhaGgaM syAtkArasyaivakArasya ca prayogasadbhAvAt, nayavAkyamapi saptabhaGgImanuvrajatIti zeSaH / tarhi nayavAkyamapi saptabhaGgyanugamanataH pramANavAkyameva bhavedityata Aha 'parametadvAkyasye' tyAdi / vikalA paryAyavAcI zabdonA eka ja arthano svIkAra karanAro zabdanaya dareka paryAyazabdanA paNa bhinna arthane svIkAranArA samabhirUDhanaya karatA bahuviSayI che. bhinna bhinna kriyAkALe paNa vastune ekarUpa mAnanAro samabhirUDhanaya, pratyeka kriyA vakhate vastune alaga alaga mAnanAro evammUtanaya karatA adhika viSayI che. (evambhutanaya IndanakriyA karanArAne judA mAne che, purdAraNa kriyA karanArAne judo mAne che paraMtu samabhirUDha naya indanAdi bhinna bhinna kriyAo karanArAne eka mAne che tethI te adhikaviSayI che.) A samagra nirupaNa uparathI spaSTa jaNAya che ke pUrva-pUrvanA naya karatA uttara-uttaranA nayo sUkSmatara ane alpaviSayavALA che. A rIte sAta nayo ane enI viSayamaryAdAnuM nirupaNa ahIM pUrNa thayuM. pramANaparicchedamAM pramANanirupaNa pUrNa thayA bAda 'tamiLamapramAAM sarvatra vidhipratiSedhAmyAM svArthamamivadhAnuM saptamaIImanuAcchati, tathaiva paripUrvArthaprApatvalakSaLatAttviprAmAnirvAhAt' ityAdi granthathI e vAta spaSTa karAI hatI ke sakalAdeza-svabhAvavALI samabhaMgI saMpUrNarthaprApaka hovAthI 'pramANavAkya'rUpa che. A ja rIte nayavAkya paNa svaviSayamAM pravartamAna thaIne vidhi ane pratiSedha dvArA saptabhaMgI race che. nayavAkya 52 Azrita saptabhaMgI prasiddha thatA pramANa samabhaMgIthI Ano bheda (taphAvata) zuM che ? e jijJAsA thavI sahaja che tethI granthakArazrI e be prakAranI sasabhaMgI vacceno bheda jaNAve che. nayavAkya vikalAdezAtmaka che tethI tenA AdhAre thatI samabhaMgI paNa vikalAdezAtmaka ja rahe che jyAre pramANavAkya sakalAdezAtmaka che tethI tenA AdhAre thatI saptabhaMgI paNa sakalAdezAtmaka hoya che. A ja pramANavAkya karatA nayavAkyanI vizeSatA (bhinnatA) che. (jyAre kAlAdi ATha dvArA aneka dharmono abheda siddha karIne vastunuM pratipAdana karAya te sakalAdeza kahevAya ane kAlAdi ATha dvArA vastugata dharmo vacce bheda siddha karIne vastunuM pratipAdana karAya te vikalAdeza kahevAya.) 201 * nayAbhAsa nirUpaNa * ahIM prAyaH darake nayAbhAsanuM hetumukhe vizeSaNa mukIne te te abhiprAya nayAtmaka na rahetA nayAbhAsAtmaka kema bane che te jaNAvAyuM che. nayasAmAnyanA lakSaNamAM ja ApaNe joI gayA ke dareka naya svaviSayanuM prAdhAnya jaNAve paraMtu ItarAMzano pratikSepa karato nathI anyathA te durnaya (= nayAbhAsa) banI jAya. have nayAbhAsanA nirUpaNamAM A vAta spaSTa thaze.

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202 jaina tarkabhASA parametadvAkyasya pramANavAkyAdvizeSa iti draSTavyam / 2. nayAbhAsAnAM nirUpaNam / . atha nayAbhAsAH / tatra dravyamAtragrAhI paryAyapratikSepI dravyArthikAbhAsaH / paryAyamAtragrAhI dezasvabhAvA hi nayasaptabhaGgI vastvaMzamAtraprarUpakatvAt, sakalAdezasvabhAvA tu pramANasaptabhaGgI sampUrNavastusvarUpaprakAzakatvAt / ____ atha nayAbhAsaH iti - anekadharmaparItArthagrAhikA buddhiH pramANaM, taddvArA''yAtaH punarekadharmaniSThArthasamarthanapravaNaH parAmarzaH zeSadharmasvIkAratiraskAraparihAradvAreNa vartamAno nayaH / sa ca dharmANAmAnantyAdanantabhedastathApi sarvasaGgrAhakAbhiprAyaparikalpanamukhenaiva saptabhedo darzitaH / ayameva ca svAbhipretadharmAvadhAraNAtmakatayA zeSadharmatiraskAradvAreNa pravartamAnaH parAmarzo nayAbhAsasaJjJAmaznute / tadbalaprabhAvitasattAkA khalvete parapravAdAH / yaduktaM prakRtagranthakAreNaiva nayopadeze - 'abhinivezAnvitanayatvasyaiva parasamayabIjatvAd' iti / nanu kathamete'vadhAraNadvAreNa svakamarthaM samarthayantastadviparItaM nirAkurvANA nayAbhAsatvaM pratipadyante iti ced, atrocyate - evaM pravRttau nirgocaratvAt, nirgocarasya ca nayatvAyogAt / atha kramazo nayAbhAsAH sodAharaNaM nirUpyante, 'dharmidharmAdInAmi'tyAdinA - dharmiNorekAntena bhedAvagAhyabhiprAyavizeSo yathA 'ghaTapaTAvatyaMtabhinnAvi'ti, dharmayorekAntena bhedagrAhyabhiprAyavizeSo yathA sAmAnyavizeSau vibhinnAveveti, dharmadharmiNoraikAntikabhedAvagAhanapravaNo'dhyavasAyavizeSo yathA'vayavAvayavinau, guNaguNinau, kriyAkriyAvantau, jAtivyaktI, nityadravyavizeSAvatyaMtabhinnAveveti sarvo'pi naigamAbhAsaH / ghaTapaTayoH dharmiNoH bhinnatayopalabdhAvapi dravyatvAdirUpeNAbhinnatvAnna tayorekAntabhedaH, sAmAnyavizeSayorapi dharmayoH dravyaparyAyarUpatayA naikAntikabhedo yathA vaizeSikAdayaH prAhuH / tathA ca tanmatam - bahuSu ghaTeSu parasparaM bhinneSvapi 'ghaTo'yam' 'ghaTo'yamiti yo'nugatapratyayaH samullasati sa ghaTatvAkhyasAmAnyahetuka iti pRthak sAmAnyaM dravyAditi kevaLa dravyanuM grahaNa kare ane paryAyono pratikSepa kare te dravyArthikAbhAsa. ema, kevaLa paryAyanuM grahaNa kare ane dravyano pratikSepa kare te paryAyArthikAbhAsa. naigamAbhAsaH dharmI ane dharma vacce ekAnta bheda ja che athavA eka dharmInA be dharmo vacce ekAnta bheda che evo abhiprAya naigamAbhAsa kahevAya che. jema ke naiyAyika-vaizeSika darzananI mAnyatA. te banne shnon| bhate. avayava-avayavI. vayye. (= 5Ta mane tantu vayye), gu mane guvAna kthye (= zAna ane AtmA vacce), kriyA ane kriyAvAnuM vacce ( patana kriyA ane phaLa vacce), jAti ane vyakti vacce (= ghaTatva ane ghaTa vacce) atyaMta bheda mAne che paraMtu A mAnyatA khoTI che kAraNa ke jema ghaTa ane paTa vacce spaSTa bheda pratIta thAya che evI pratIti ghaTa ane kapAla vacce thatI nathI mATe dharma-dharmI mATe kathaMcit abheda mAnavo ja ghaTe. ane jyAre dharma-dharmI vacce ekAnta bheda na hoya tyAre eka dharmInA aneka dharmo vacce paNa ekAntabheda na hoI zake. AtmA ane jJAna vacce jo kathaMcit abheda

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nayapariccheda 203 dravyapratikSepI paryAyArthikAbhAsa: / dharmidharmAdInAmaikAntikapArthakyAbhisandhi gamAbhAsa:, yathA naiyAyikavaizeSikadarzanam / sattA'dvaitaM svIkurvANaH sakalavizeSAnnirAcakSANaH saMgrahAbhAsaH yathA'khilAnyadvaitavAdidarzanAni sAMkhyadarzanaM ca / apAramArthikadravyaparyAyavibhAgAbhiprAyo vyasthitam / ghaTapaTayoH ghaTayo, 'ayamasmAt pRthagi ti yo bhedAvagAhI pratyayaH sa tadIyAvayavabhedalakSitabhedapAramparyeNa tatparamANuniSThavizeSabhedanibandhana iti pRthaga vizeSaH siddhyati dravyasakAzAt / tanmandam, yataH svabhAva eva hi sarvabhAvAnAM yadanuvRttivyAvRttipratyayau svata eva janayanti, na hi tAdRkpratItyai te sAmAnyavizeSAdilakSaNaM padArthAntaraM svasmAt sarvathA bhinnamapyapekSante / tathAhi - ghaTa eva hi tAvat pRthubudhnodarAdyAkAravAn pratItiviSayIbhavan anyAnapi tadAkRtibhRtaH padArthAn ghaTarUpatayA ghaTaikazabdavAcyatayA ca pratyAyayan sAmAnyAbhidhAM labhate / sa eva cetarebhyaH sajAtIyavijAtIyebhyo dravyakSetrakAlabhAvairAtmAnaM vyAvartayan vizeSavyapadezamaznute / tathAhi - svakIyotpattisthitinAzAnAM bhinnamRtpiNDalakSaNadravye bhavanAd bhavati dravyato dravyAntarAd bhedaH / evaM bhinnakSetre kAle ca bhavanAd bhinnavarNAdilakSaNabhAve vartanAt kSetrataH kAlataH bhAvato'pi bhedo bhAvya iti na sAmAnyavizeSayoH pRthakpadArthAntaratvakalpanaM nyAyyam / padArthadharmatvenaiva tayoH pratIyamAnatvAt / na ca dharmA dharmiNaH sakAzAdatyaMtaM vyatiriktA, ekAntabhede vizeSaNavizeSyabhAvAnupapatteH karabharAsabhayoriva dharmadharmivyapadezAbhAvaprasaGgAcca / dharmANAmapi ca pRthakpadArthAntaratvakalpana ekasmin vastuni padArthAnantyaprasaGgaH, vastuno'nantadharmakatvAt / kiJca, sAmAnyavizeSayoH padArthAntaratvaM pratipattRbhistatsambandhanAya samavAyAkhyapadArthAntarakalpanA'pi kartavyA syAdityekAnRtarakSAyai anRtAntarAnusaraNam / samavAyasambandhane punaH sambandhAntarakalpanAdvAreNa anavasthAbhiyA vastuna eva svarUpaM sambandhatayA svIkriyate / tatkimarthaM punaH prArambhata eva vastusvarUpAtmakAveva sAmAnyavizeSau apRthagbhAvasambandhena ca sambaddhau na svIkriyata ityalaM prasaGgena / vistarArthinA anyatrAvalokanIyam / ____ saGgrahAbhAsaM nirUpayati 'sattAdvaitami'tyAdinA - upalakSaNAd jJAnAdvaita-zabdAdvaitAdInAmapi grahaH / tamudAharati yathetyAdinA - akhilAnyadvaitavAdidarzanAnItyaparasaGgrahodAharaNaM, sAGkhyadarzanamiti tu parasaGgrahodAharaNam / advaitavAdazcAyam - ghaTapaTAdirUpaH prapaJco mithyArUpaH pratIyamAnatvAt, zuktikAyAM rajatatvavaditi / na zuddhabrahmaNa Rte kiJcana vAstavamasti, yadAha - 'brahma satyaM jaganmithye ti / tantra, pratIyaDoya. to zAna. sane sattva pathye, 555 thi6 sameha bhAnako 5 // 24 // 3 'tadabhinnAbhinnasya tadabhinnatvaniyamaH' evo niyama che ke lA ane va vacce, tathA mAM ane 4 vacce abheda hoya to va ane vacce paNa abheda mAnavo paDe. AtmA ane jJAna vacce, tathA AtmA ane sattva vacce abheda hoya eTale jJAna ane sattva vacce paNa kathaMcit abheda mAnavo ghaTe. mATe dharma-dharmI vacce ekAMte bheda mAnavo te naigamAbhAsa che. saMgrahamAsa : 'sattAdvaita che' (= mAtra maDAsAmAnya 4 sat che.) mevI mAnyatA arthAt, 'stt| 4 sat che kAraNa ke sattAthI bhinna vizeSo upalabdha thatA nathI Avo abhiprAya te saMgrahAbhAsa. jema

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204 jaina tarkabhASA vahArAbhAsaH, yathA cArvAkadarzanam cArvAko hi pramANapratipannaM jIvadravyaparyAyAdipravibhAga kalpanAropitatvenApalute'vicAritaramaNIyaM bhUtacatuSTayapravibhAgamAnaM tu sthUlalokavyavahArAnuyAyimAnatvaM heturbrahmAtmanA vyabhicArI, tasya pratIyamAnatve'pi satyarUpatvAbhyupagamAdapratIyamAnatve tvasya tadviSayakavacasAmapravRttermUkataiva teSAM zrayaskarI / sAdhyavikalazca dRSTAntaH zuktikArajatayorapi prapaJcAntargatatvena tatra mithyAtvasya sAdhyamAnatvAt / kiJca, prapaJcavAdhakamidamanumAnaM prapaJcAd bhinnamabhinnaM vA ? yadi bhinnaM tarhi satyamasatyaM vA ? yadi satyaM tarhi tadvadeva prapaJcasyApi satyatvaM syAt, tathA ca bhagno'dvaitavAdaprAkAraH | athAsatyam, tarhi tasyAvastutvAdeva na tena kiJcit sAdhayituM zakyam / abhinnaM cet, prapaJcasvAbhAvyAttasyApi mithyArUpatayA na svasAdhyasAdhanasAmarthyamiti nAdvaitavAdastattvatastAttvikaH / 'pramANapratipannamiti - ahaM sakhI dAkhI vetyAdi pratyakSameva tAvada dehAtiriktAtmadravyalakSaNaviSayamantareNa nopapadyate / na ca tatratyAhampratyayo dehAlambana iti vAcyam, andhakArAdau bAhyazarIreNa sahAlokAdisApekSacakSurindriyasya svaviSayagrAhakasya sannikarSalakSaNavyApArAbhAve'pyupajAyamAnasya 'ahaM sukhI'tyAdi pratyakSasya cAkSuSatvAsambhavAt, mAnasasya ca tasya bahirindriyasahakAreNa jAyamAnasya bahirdehAdiviSayakatvAsambhave'ntarvyavasthitAtmaviSayakatvamevAbhyupagantavyamiti pratyakSapramANasiddha AtmA / asti cAnumAnapramANamapi tathAhi - indriyaM sakartRkaM karaNatvAt vAsyAdivat, na ca zarIrameva tatra kartA iti vAcyam vAlyazarIratyAgena yauvane bAlyakAlAnubhUtasya smaraNaM na syAd anubhavasmaraNayoH sAmAnAdhikaraNyapratyAsattyotpAdaniyamAdanyathA anyadRSTasya smaraNamanyasya syAditi / zarIrabhinna AtmA eva kartRtvena'bhyupeyaH / kiJca, jJAnAdayaH sAzrayA guNatvAd rUpAdivad ityapyanumAnaM draSTavyam / na ca zarIramevAzraya iti kalpayituM nyAyyam, tathA sati sthUladehasya jJAnAdhikyaM, kRzazarIrasya ca matimAndyaM syAt, na caitad dRSTamiSTaM vA, anyathA'pi darzanAditi zarIravyatirikto jIva evAzrayatvena klpyte| zabdapramANamapi atra pravartate tathAhi- zabdakoze tAvat jIvapratipAdanaparAzcetana-AtmA-ityAdizabdA dehapratipAdanaparAt zarIra-kAyA-dehAdi-lakSaNAcchabdAd bhinnArthatayA ke samasta advaitavAdi darzana (vedAnta vagere)nI mAnyatA tathA sAMkhyadarzananI mAtra prakRti ja mULatattva che mevI) mAnyatA. vyavahArAbhAsa : dravya-paryAyonA apAramArthika vibhAgane je mAne te abhiprAyane vyavahArAbhAsa jANavo. jema ke cArvAkadarzananI mAnyatA. sAmAnyathI (= skUla rIte) joIe to bAhya Indriyo dvArA pratyakSa anubhavAtA padArthonI sattA ja lokamAM manAya che ane lokavyavahAra paNa tenA AdhAre ja cAle che ane A vyavahAra yathArtha paNa che. paraMtu IndriyapratyakSa hoya eTaluM je mAnIe bAkI IndriyothI agamya koI padArtho che ja nahIM' AvuM koI mAne tyAre e mAnyatA vyavahArAbhAsarUpa banI jAya che. cArvAkadarzana atIndriya evA jIva-puNya-pApa-svarga-naraka-mokSAdi padArthone mAnatuM nathI. pramANa dvArA siddha thayelA evA jIva ane tenA jJAnAdirUpa paryAyone te loko mAnatA nathI ane dekhyuM eTaluM sAcuM nA bhUla lokavyavahArane

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nayapariccheda 205 tayA samarthayata iti / vartamAnaparyAyAbhyupagantA sarvathA dravyApalApI RjusUtrAbhAsaH, yathA dRzyante / kiJca, mamodaraM tudatItyAdau SaSThyA bhedabodhanAt AtmA siddhyati, anyathA ahaM tudAmIti prayogApattiH syAditi pramANapratipanno jIvaH / upalakSaNAdidamapi draSTavyam - lokavyavahAramArgAnanusAritayA paramANumanabhyupagantrabhiprAyo'pi vyavahArAbhAsaH / na ca yadeva, sAkSAnna vizadadarzane cakAsti tatsarvamapalapyate, ghaTAdivastuno'pyarvAgbhAgavartitvaDamAtrapratibhAsitayA madhyaparabhAgAdInAmapalApaprasaGgAt / tathA ca lokavyavahAro'pi vizIryaMta / athAtrAnumAnavalena vyavahArakSamasampUrNavastusAdhanam, evaM tarhi paramANusAdhanamapi kuru, ko vArayitA? anumAnaprayogazca evaM- parimANaM jaghanyotkRSTavizrAntisthAnavat taratamabhAvApannatvAt jJAnavat / yathA ca tAratamyavajjJAnaM jaghanyataH sUkSmanigodAparyAptakajIve, utkarSatastu kevalini vizrAntaM tathaiva parimANamapi utkarSata AkAzAdiSu vizrAntaM sat jaghanyato'pi kutracidvizrAntamiti vAcyam, tadeva hi paramANurabhidhIyate / yathA, vyaNukarAdiskandho bhedyo, mUrtatve sati sAvayavatvAt, kumbhavat / sAvayavairAkAzAdibhirvyabhicAraparihArArtha satyantaM hetuvizeSaNam / ye ca dvyaNukAdibhedAnantaramaMzAH samutpadyante'vayavAste paramANavaH / kiJca, santi paramANavaH sthUlAvayaviniSpattyanyathAnupapatteH, ityantarvyAptyApi paramANusiddhiH / 'sarvathA dravyApalApI RjusUtrAbhAsa' iti - 'vArtamAnikameva vastu, na tu traikAlikAvasthAnuyAyi mauktikakaNanikarAnusyUtaikasUtravadekaM dravyamiti RjusUtrAbhAsAbhiprAyaH / ayambhAvaH - ayaM hi bauddhamataH yad 'ghaTAdi vastu na sthAyibhAvaM bhajate, pratikSaNaM vinAzasadbhAvAt / na ca 'sa evAyami'tyAdilakSaNA pratyabhijJA vizIryeteti vAcyam, nirantarasadRzAparAparakSaNotpAdAd avidyAnubandhAcca sopapadyate / pUrvakSaNavinAzakAla eva tatsadRzaM kSaNAntaramudayate / tenAkAravilakSaNatvAbhAvAdavyavadhAnAcca niranvayanAze'pi 'sa evAyam' ityabhedAdhyavasAyI pratyayaH prasUyate / tattvataH sa bhrAnta eva, lUnotpannakuzakezAdiSu dRzyamAna 'sa evAyamiti pratyayavat / tatazca yatsattatkSaNikamiti tadabhiprAyaH / asmin mate pUrvakSaNa evottarakSaNasyopAdAnamiti / AtmA'pi bauddhamate vijJAnakSaNaparamparAmAtrameva na punarbhavAntarAnuyAyI zAzvatadravyarUpaH kazcana siddhyati / tanna samyak, anekadoSakadambakalaGkitatvAt kSaNikavAdasya / tathAhi - yena jJAnakSaNena sadanuSThAnamasadanuSThAnaM vA'nuSThitaM tasya tu niranvayavinAzAnna tatphalopabhogaH / yasya ca phalopabhogo, na tena tatkarma kRtamiti bhImazakuniAhAranIhAravArtAvat prAcyajJAnakSaNasya kRtakarmapraNAzo doSaH svakRtakarmaphalAnupabhogAt, uttravalaMbIne pRthvI-jala-teja-vAyurUpa bhUtacatuSTayane ja mAne che arthAt samagra jagatane pratyakSa dekhAtA evA bhUtacatuSTayAtmaka mAne che. RjusUtrAbhAsa : vartamAnakALanA paryAyane ja svIkAranAro ane (e paryAya jeno che evA sthAyi) dravyano sarvathA niSedha karanAro abhiprAya te RjusUtrAbhAsa. jema ke tAthAgata (= bauddha) mata. saikAlika dravya sAthe paryAyono saMbaMdha anubhavasiddha che. "huM nAno hato, huM yuvAna chuM, huM gharaDo thaIza' ahIM traNa judA judA paryAyonI pratItiomAM paNa "huM nI ekasarakhI pratIti thAya che. paraMtu bauddha mata to vartamAnakSaNe

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206 jaina tarkabhASA tAthAgataM mataM / kAlAdibhedenArthabhedamevAbhyupagacchan zabdAbhAsaH, yathA babhUva bhavati bhavijJAnakSaNasya cAkRtakarmabhogaH, svayamakRtasyApi parakRtakarmaNo phalopabhogAt / kiJca, mate'smin paralokAbhAvaprasaGgaH, paralokinaH kasyacidabhAvAt / yacca mokSAkaraguptena 'yaccittaM taccittAntaraM pratisandhatte, yathedAnIntanaM cittaM, cittaM ca maraNakAlabhAvi' iti bhavaparamparAsiddhaye pramANapradarzanaprayAsaH kRtaH tadapi AyAsamAtram, niranvayanAzicittakSaNAnAM cittAntarapratisandhAnAyogAt, pratisandhAnaM hi dvayoravasthitayorubhayAnugAminA kenacit kriyate / yazcAnayoH pratisandhAtA, sa tena nAbhyupeyate, sa hyAtmAnvayI iti yatkiJcidetat / paralokAbhAvadoSavat mokSAbhAvo'pi syAdeva / kaH pretya sukhIbhavanArthaM yatiSyate ? jJAnakSaNo'pi saMsArI kathamaparajJAnakSaNasukhIbhavanArthaM ghaTiSyate / na hi dukhito devadatto yajJadattasukhAya ceSTamAno dRSTaH / tathA ca sphuTa eva mokSAbhAvaH / api ca smaraNAbhAvadoSo'pi samApatati / pUrvajJAnakSaNAnubhUtArthaviSayiNI smRtirnottaravartijJAnakSaNAnAM sambhavati, anubhavasmaraNayoH samAnAdhikaraNapratyAsattyotpattiniyamAdityahamahamikayA bahavo doSakITakA pravizanti / tatazca jarjarito'yaM kSaNikavAdo'pi kSaNika eveti na prAmANikasadasi kSaNamapyavasthAtumalam / ayamatra vivekaH - yad buddhena 'sarvaM kSaNikaM kSaNikaM, sarvaM duHkhaM duHkhaM, sarvaM svalakSaNaM svalakSaNaM, sarvaM zUnyaM zUnyamiti bhAvanAcatuSTayamabhyadhAyi, tattu anAdiprarUDhajaDarAgasaMskArocchityai vairAgyavRddhyai copayogIti nAtra vivadAmaH, yadasmadIyagranthe'pi 'kuzazirasi nIramiva galadanilakampitaM vinaya ! jAnIhi jIvitamasAraM' (zAMtasudhArasa) ityAdikaM bahuza uktameva / vAsanAyA viparItabhAvanAnAzyatvaniyamAt / kintu evaM sati naiva bhavadIyaH kSaNikavAdo vAstavikaH / nahi auSadharupeNa vaidyena pradIyamAnaM vastu AhAratayopAdAtuM zakyamucitaM vA / na hi jIvanasya jalabinducaJcalatvaM zAstropanibaddhamapi nizamya jAtamAtrasya bAlakasya antyasaMskAraH kartumucitamiti kSaNikavAdo'pi itthamApekSikatayA bhAvanAviSayatvena svIkriyamANo na doSAvaha itarathA tu syAdevetyutpazyAmaH / upalakSaNAdidamapyavagantavyam - RjusUtro dRSTApalApenAdRSTameva kSaNakSayiparamANulakSaNaM vastusvarUpaM paramArthatayA samarthayamAno'pi durnayatAmAskandati / sa hi svAvayavavyApinaM kAlAntarasaJcariSNumAkAraM sAkSA lakSayan pazcAt kuyuktibalena vivecayed, yadutaiSa sthirasthUro dRzyamAnaH khalvAkAro na ghaTAmiyarti, vicaaraakssmtvaadityaadinaa| na te'vayavinaM kaJcanamabhyupeyate, paramANupuJjAtmakaM ghaTAdivastu ca manyate / tanna vidyamAna paryAyane ja mAne che. atIta ke anAgata kALanI koI vastune teo mAnatA nathI mATe A RjusUtrAbhAsa che. zabdAbhAsa : kALa AdinA bhedathI zabdathI arthamAM ekAMte bheda mAnanAra te zabdAbhAsa. jema ke sUmeru hato, che ane raheze" vagere sthaLoe bhinnabhinna kALavAcI zabdo bhinna bhinna arthanuM ja pratipAdana kare che kAraNa ke teo bhinna kALavAcI zabdo che. jema ke bhinnaarthapratipAdaka bhinnakALavAcI anyazabdo

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nayapariccheda 207 Syati sumerurityAdayaH zabdA bhinnamevArthamabhidadhati, bhinnakAlazabdatvAttAksiddhAnyazabdavaditi / paryAyadhvanInAmabhidheyanAnAtvameva kakSIkurvANaH samabhikhDhAbhAsaH, yathA indraH zakraH purandara ityAdayaH zabdA bhinnAbhidheyA eva, bhinnazabdatvAt, karikuraGgazabdavaditi / kriyAnAviSTaM vastu zabdavAcyatayA pratikSipannevambhUtAbhAsaH, yathA viziSTaceSTAzUnyaM ghaTAkhyaM vastu na ghaTazabdavAcyaM, ghaTazabdapravRttinimittabhUtakriyAzUnyatvAt, paTavaditi / arthAbhidhAyI zabdapratikSepI samyak, sthUlAvayavinaH pratyakSAdipramANasiddhatvAt, tatsiddhiprakArazca granthAntarAdeva jJAtavyaH / zabdanayAbhAsaM nirUpayati 'kAlAdibhedene'tyAdi Adipadena bhinnaliGgakArakavacanAdigrahaH / kAlAdibhedena sarvathA'rthabhedAbhyupagamo hi zabdAbhAsa ucyate / na punarayaM niyamo yathAyamasyaiva vAcako nAnyasya, dezakAlapuruSasaGketAdivicitratayA zabdAnAmaparAparArthAbhidhAyakatvopapatteH, arthaanaampynntdhrmtvaadevaapraaprshbdvaacyeTale bhUtakALanA meruthI vartamAnano meru ekAnta bhinna che ane bhaviSyakALano meru te bannethI ekAMte bhinna che. samabhirUDhAbhAsa : paryAyavAcI zabdonA arthomAM sarvathA bheda che evuM mAnavuM te samabhirUDhAbhAsa. jema ke "Indra, zakra, purandara vagere zabdo bhinna arthanA ja pratipAdaka che kAraNa ke te banne zabdo bhinna che. jema ke kari, kuraMga, turaMga vagere zabdo bhinna hovAthI bhinna arthanA ja pratipAdaka che tema." evaMbhUtAbhAsa : jayAre padArtha, zabdanI pravRttimAM hetubhUta evI kriyAthI rahita hoya che tyAre te padArtha, te zabdanA vAcyArthathI (= kriyAyukta padArthathI) ekAMte bhinna che evuM mAnanAra evabhUtAbhAsa che. jema ke "vastu jayAre pANI lAvavAnA samaye strInA mastaka para viziSTa ceSTAmAM rahevArUpa kriyAthI yukta hotI nathI, tyAre te "ghaTa' zabdathI vAcya bane nahIM kAraNa ke te vastu atyAre "ghaTa' zabdanI pravRttimAM nimittabhUta banatI kriyAthI rahita che. jema ke paTa. paTa, ghaTa' zabdanI vyutpattimAM nimittabhUta evI kriyAthI zUnya hovAthI "ghaTa' zabdathI vAcya banato nathI tema ahIM samajavuM.' AvA abhiprAyane evabhUtanayAbhAsa jANavo. arthanayAbhAsa : arthane jaNAvanArA ane zabdano niSedha karanArA abhiprAya te arthanayAbhAsa. zabdanayAbhAsa : zabdane jaNAvanArA ane arthano niSedha karanArA abhiprAya te zabdanayAbhAsa. arpitanayAbhAsa : arpitane (= vizeSane) svIkAranAra tathA anarpitane (= sAmAnyano) niSedha karanAra abhiprAya te arpitanayAbhAsa. jema ke bauddhamata. anarpitanayAbhAsa : anarpitane svIkAranAra tathA arpitano niSedha karanAra abhiprAya te anarpitanayAbhAsa. jema ke sAMkhyamata, vedAntamata vagere. vyavahArAbhAsa : lokavyavahArane svIkArIne tattvano niSedha karanAra abhiprAya te vyavahArAbhAsa. jema ke cArvAkamata. nizcayAbhAsa : mAtra tattvane svIkArIne vyavahArano niSedha karanAra te nizcayAbhAsa.

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208 jaina tarkabhASA arthanayAbhAsaH / zabdAbhidhAyyarthapratikSepI zabdanayAbhAsaH / arpitamabhidadhAno'narpitaM pratikSipanarpitanayAbhAsaH / anarpitamabhidadhadarpitaM pratikSipannanarpitAbhAsaH / lokavyavahAramabhyupagamya tattvapratikSepI vyavahArAbhAsaH / tattvamabhyupagamya vyavahArapratikSepI nizcayAbhAsaH / jJAnamabhyupagamya kriyApratikSepI jJAnanayAbhAsaH / kriyAmabhyupagamya jJAnapratikSepI kriyAnayAbhAsa iti / iti jainatarkabhASAyAM nayaparicchedaH / tvAvirodhAt, tathaiva ca vyavahAradarzanAt, yathA mahArASTrAdirAjyaprasiddhamarAThIbhASAyAM 'rAga'zabda: krodhAbhidhAyakatayA prayujyate svasamayaparibhASAyAM gurjarAdigirAyAM ca punarayameva zabdo'bhiSvaGgArthabodhakatayA prayujyate iti / kiJca, abhilApyabhAvAnAmAnantyAdakSarasaMyogAnAM punaH saGkhyeyakatvAdapi zabde'nekArthAbhidhAyakatvaM svIkAryameva, dhAtUnAmanekArthakatvoktirapi tathaiva saGgacchatIti sarvadhvanayo yogyatayA sarvArthavAcakAH dezakSayopazamAdyapekSayA tu kvacit kathaJcit pratItiM janayanti / tatazca kvacidanapekSitavyutpattinimittA rUDhitaH pravartante, kvacit, sAmAnyavyutpattisApekSAH, kvacittatkAlavartivyutpattinimittApekSayeti na tatra prAmANikapuruSeNa pratiniyatArthAgraho vidheyaH / evaM hi samabhirudaivambhUtayorapi AbhAsatvabIjaM darzitaprAyameva / samAptaJca nayaparicchedavivaraNam / jJAnanayAbhAsa jJAnane svIkArato ane kriyAno niSedha karato (arthAt kriyAne sAva nirarthaka gaNato) abhiprAya te jJAnanayAbhAsa (jema ke kAnajI mata vagere..). kriyAnayAbhAsa : kriyAne svIkArIne jJAnano niSedhaka abhiprAya te kriyAnayAbhAsa. A rIte nayAbhAsanuM nirupaNa pUrNa thayuM. (upasaMhAra : samagra naya paricchedano sAra eTalo ja che ke abhiprAyamAM jayAM sudhI svaviSayanuM prAdhAnya rahe tyAM sudhI tene nayasvarUpa rahevAmAM ke mAnavAmAM vAMdho nathI. paraMtu e prAdhAnya jayAre jhanunI bane arthAtuM, "A Ama ja, Ama nahIM ja ItyAdi rUpe abhiniviSTa thaIne itarAMzano pratikSepa kare tyAre te nayasvarUpa na rahetA durnaya (= nayAbhAsa) rUpa banI jAya che. (nayaviSayaka atisUkSmavivaraNa jemAM upalabdha che evA nayopadeza granthamAM granthakAra maho.zrI yazovijayajI mahArAje me bhAbhi pAta hI cha - 'abhinivezAnvitanayatvasyaiva parasamayalakSaNatvAt' = 'bhAru ithana 4 sAyuM, bAkI badhuM khoTuM." AvA abhinivezathI je naya anyanayonI vaktavyatAne juThI Therave tyAre te durnaya banI javAthI sva-Agama mAnya na rahetA para-AgamarUpa banI jAya che kAraNa ke "abhinivezayuktanayatva' e ja para AgamanuM lakSaNa che.) jainadarzanamAM anekAntavAdanI keTalI mahattA che te naya ane durnaya vaccenI bhedarekhA batAvIne A pariccheda spaSTa jaNAve che. ahIM nayapariccheda nAmanA dvitIya paricchedanuM nirUpaNa pUrNa thayuM.

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nikSepa pariccheda 209 %3 | 3. nikSepaparicchedaH / / (1. nAmAdinikSepanirUpaNam / ) nayA nirUpitAH / atha nikSepA nirupyante / prakaraNAdivazenApratipattyAdi 'nayA nirUpitA atha nikSepAH' iti - nanu upakrama-nikSepa-anugama-nayalakSaNe pravacanaprasiddhavyAkhyAkramacatuSTaye nikSepasya nayAtprAgupanyAsaH, tattvArthasUtre'pi nikSepasya pramANanayAbhyAM prAgupanyAso dRSTo nikSepasya vyApakatvAt yaduktaM zrIharibhadrasUribhiH tattvArthavRttau 'atra ca vyApakatvAnnAmAdInAmAdAvebhirnirUpayannAha 'nAmasthApanAdravyabhAvatastatryAsaH' (1/5) iti / atra ca pramANanayAnantaraM nikSepanirUpaNamiti kiMkRtaH kramavyatyaya iti cet, atrocyate anuyogadvArAdisUtre vyAkhyAyA paddhatirabhidhAtumiSTA sA ca kramAbhihitaiva sphuTabodhajanikA bhavet / tatazca tatra nikSepasya prAgupanyAso, yato'nikSiptasya kutaH pramANanayairvicAraNA ? yaduktaM tattvArthabhASye - 'jIvAdInAM tattvAnAM yathoddiSTAnAM nAmAdibhiya'stAnAM pramANanayairvistarAdhigamo bhavatIti' / tatazca vyAkhyAkrame'bhidhIyamAne evaMvidhaH krama eva samyak, samyakpratipattisAdhanatvAt / prakRtagranthe tu na vyAkhyAkramo'bhidhAtumiSTaH / kiM tarhi ? vastugrAhakaM pramANaM, tadanantaraM tatsAmyAnnayA, nikSepastu na vastugrAhaka iti pramANanayavaidhAdante vivakSito'pi na doSAvahaH / yathA hi jJAnapaJcakebhidhIyamAne 'matizrutAvadhimanaH parokSamabhidhIyate tatra ca pratyakSapadena avadhyAdInAM prarUpaNAsti, tadanantaraM ca parokSapadena punaH matizrutayoH pratipAdane'pi na doSo yathA nandyAdisatre, tadvadatrApi bodhyama / bhinnarUpAvacchedyatvasya kramabhedaniyAmakatvAditi dik / kiJca, anuyogadvAracatuSTaye upakramabhedaprabhedAdikrameNAyAtasya bhAvapramANopakramadvArasya pratyakSAdipramANena nayapramANena ca yuktatvAt upakramadvAramevAntarbhUtapramANanayadvArakaM sajAtamiti yuktaiva pramA * nikSepa, sAmAnya lkss| * nayona ni35|| pU yayA pAhave nikSepana ni354Ano prAraMbha 2rAya che. 'mAnAdhInA meyasiddhiH' e ukti pramANe tattvanirNayamAM pramANa eka atyaMta anivArya ghaTaka che. mATe prathama paricchedamAM pramANanuM | nirUpaNa karyuM. zrutapramANanI sAthe nayano vizeSa saMbaMdha che, arthAt zratanuM vivakSita vAkya kyA nayanI apekSAvALuM che e vAta paNa tattvanirNayamAM jarUrI che mATe bIjA paricchedamAM nayonuM nirUpaNa karyuM. nayanI jema nikSepa paNa zrutapramANa sAthe vizeSarUpe saMbaMdha dharAve che. AgamagranthomAM pade pade naya ane nikSepa dvArA te te padonA arthanI vicAraNA karAI che. A rIte nikSepane paNa tattvanirNayanuM eka agatyanuM aMga kahI zakAya mATe A trIjA paricchedamAM nikSeponuM nirUpaNa karAya che. koI paNa vastunA nirUpaNano prAraMbha sAmAnyathI tenA nirdoSa lakSaNakathana dvArA karAya che ane temAM ya nirUpaNIya vastu aneka bhedavALI hoya to sauprathama tenA dareka bhedomAM ghaTe evuM sAmAnya lakSaNa kahI, pachI tenA pratyeka bhedonA vizeSalakSaNo batAvAya che. sAmAnyathI A eka vyAkhyApaddhati che. tadanusAra sauprathama nikSepanuM sAmAnya lakSaNa jaNAve che. nikSepanuM sAmAnya lakSaNa : prakaraNAdine anusarIne apratipatti (= saMzaya-viparyaya ke anadhyavasAya)

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jaina tarkabhASA le vyavacchedakayathAsthAnaviniyogAya zabdArtharacanAvizeSA nikSepAH / maGgalAdipadArthanikSepAnnAmamaGgalAdiviniyogopapattezca nikSepANAM phalavattvam, taduktam " aprastutArthApAkaraNAt NanayanikSepakramavyavasthA'pekSayA tatrApIti vicAraNIyaM / kevalaM tatra nayadvAraM caturthaM punaraviziSTamiti dhyeyam / nikSepANAM sAphalyaM vyutpAdayati 'maMgalAdipadArtha' ityAdinA - maGgalapadArthanikSepAH tAvatprathamato vicaarynte| yathA kasyacit puMsaH padArthasya vA 'maGgala' iti nAma kriyate tadA tannAmamaGgalamucyate 'maGgala' iti varNatrayAtmakavarNAvalImAtraM maGgalamucyate nAma ca tanmaGgalaM ceti vyutpatteH / athavA maGgalanAmavAn padArtha eva nAmamaGgalamucyate, nAmnA nAmamAtreNa vA maGgalamiti vyutpatteH / yatra kASThAdI maGgalabuddhyA kAcitsthApanA svastikanandAvartAlekhanAdikaM vA kriyate sA sthApanAmaGgalamucyate / svabhAva hi yacchubhavarNagandhAdiguNaM svarNamAlyAdi tad dravyamaGgalamucyate, lokavyavahAre'pi kalazasvastikAdyaSTamaGgalAnIkSudadhyAdidravyaM ca maGgalamucyate / dravyaM ca tad maGgalaM ceti tatra samAsavigrahaH / jinanamanAdikaM hi bhAvamaGgalamucyate / atha apratipattyAdivyavacchedapUrvakaM yathAsthAnaviniyogAya yathA ca nikSepajJAnamupayogi tathA vicAryate / nirAkaraNa karanAra je yathAsthAnamAM viniyoga, te viniyoga mATe zabdanA arthanI racanAvizeSa ka2vI te nikSepa. 210 * nikSepanI saphaLatA tathA prakAro * sUtrastha padonA nikSepa karavAthI zuM lAbha thaI zake te vAta jaNAve che. zabdo aneka arthavALA hoya che tethI kyAM AgaLa kyo zabda kyA arthamAM vaparAyo che te aMge saMzaya-viparyayAdi thavAnI pUrNa saMbhAvanA che. paraMtu sUtrastha vivakSita padanA nikSepo karavAthI A zabdanA ATalA ATalA artha saMbhavI zake che ema khyAla Ave che. pachI prakaraNanA saMdarbhathI 'ahIM A zabda kyA arthamAM hoI zake' teno nirNaya karavAmAM saraLatA rahe che. dA.ta. sUtrastha 'sainyava' zabdanA saMbhavita aneka nikSepo karyA hoya jethI khyAla Ave ke sainyava zabdanA azva, lavaNa vagere ATalA artho thaI zake che. pachI zrotA prakaraNanA saMdarbhamAM vicAre ke atyAre bhojana prakaraNa cAle che eTale ahIM saindhava zabdano artha lavaNa samajavo joIe' (athavA, 'ahIM yAtrA prakaraNa cAle che tethI 'sainyava' zabdano artha ahIM 'azva' karavo joIe.) A rIte prakaraNAdine anusAre saindhava zabdanA anya artho saMbaMdhI saMzayAdine dUra karavApUrvaka tene vivakSita arthamAM samajavAmAM sahAya thaI te nikSepane kAraNe. A rIte nikSepa arthabodhamAM upayogI che. granthakAra svayaM nikSepanuM phaLa udAharaNapUrvaka batAve che. - 'mAla' vagere padonA arthamAM nikSepa karavAthI nAmamaMgala AdimAM ucita viniyoga thaI zake che e nikSepanuM phaLa che. maMgala padanA cAra nikSepo thAya che. - (1) nAmamaMgala : svayaM maMgala na hoya paNa je vastu ke vyaktinuM nAma 'maMgala' rAkhavAmAM AvyuM hoya te vastu ke vyaktine ane te vastu ke vyaktinA nAmane 'nAmamaMgala' kahevAya che. (2) sthApanA maMgala : 'ma' vagere je varNo (= akSaro)no uccAra karIne 'maMgala' pada bolAya

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nikSepa pariccheda 211 prastutArthavyAkaraNAcca nikSepaH phalavAn" (ladhI0 svavi0 7.2) iti / te ca sAmAnyatazcaturdhA-nAmasthApanAdravyabhAvabhedAt / prakRtagranthArambhe 'endravRndanataM natve'tyAdinA yanmaGgalaM kRtaM tadbhAvamaGgalaM jJeyaM, kutracid granthavizeSe prArambhikena 'atha' zabdena maGgalArtho vyajyate, 'athazabdaH prakriyApraznAnantaryamaMgalopanyAsanirvacanasamuccayeSu' iti vacanAt, tatra nAmamaGgalaM bodhyam, kvacidavasaravizeSe prayANakAdilakSaNe dadhyAcamanAdikaM yat kriyate maGgalabuddhyA, tad dravyamaGgalamavagantavyam / maGgalatvAvizeSe'pi nAmAdimaGgalabhedena yathAsthAnaviniyogazca kathaM nikSepAvabodhaM vinA saMbhavI ? itthaM ca nikSepaH phalavAn / che athavA je varNone lakhIne "maMgala' pada lakhAya che te varSonA samUhane (varSAvalIne) sthApanAmaMgala kahevAya che. (3) dravyamaMgala : akSata-ratna-dahIM, kaMku Adi padArthone dravyamaMgala kahevAya che. svastikAdi aSTamaMgalanuM citra, lokamAM maMgala kahevAya che. te paNa dravyamaMgala. (4) bhAvamaMgala : jinanamana-smaraNAdi kriyA bhAvamaMgala che. maMgala' zabdanA nikSeponuM jJAna hoya te prakaraNazAna thavAmAM eTale ke ahIM nAmamaMgala ISTa che ke sthApanAmaMgala ? ItyAdi jANavAmAM sahAyaka bane che ane te dvArA kyA vAcyArthane jaNAvavA mATe vaktAe prastuta zabdano prayoga karyo che te zIdhra ane saraLatAthI jaNAya che. tAtparya e che ke granthaprAraMbhamAM maMgala karyuM hoya to granthakartAne nAmAdimaMgalamAMthI kayuM maMgala ISTa che te maMgala zabdanA nikSepanA jJAnathI jaNAya che. A vAtane keTalAka udAharaNo dvArA samajIe. (1) prastuta granthanA ja prAraMbhamAM "IndravRndranata nitva' A padothI maMgala karAyuM che. (2) kyAMka "satha' zabdathI ja granthaprAraMbha thayo hoya che. granthamAM TIkAkAre jaNAvyuM che ke ahIM patha zabdano artha "maMgala" thAya che. (kahyuM paNa che ke - '3 thazabda prakriyAprajJAnantarthamAnopAnirvavanasamudhvapu' atha zabdano prakriyA-prazna-AnaMtarya-maMgala-upanyAsa-nirvacana ane samuccaya ATalA arthomAM prayoga thAya che. (3) koI ema kahe ke huM dahIM khAIne (= maMgala karIne) ja parIkSA ApavA gayelo. maMgala zabdanA nikSepono jANakAra ahIM jANI zake ke pahelA prasaMgamAM bhAva-maMgalanI vAta che, bIjA prasaMgamAM nAmamaMgalanI vAta che, trIjA prasaMgamAM dravyamaMgalanI vAta che. AnA parathI vaktAnA abhiprAyane suspaSTa karavAmAM nikSepa keTalA sahAyaka che te spaSTa jaNAya che. 'tathIyatrayI' nAmanA granthanA svakIya vivaraNamAM paNa nikSepa zI rIte saphaLa che e vAta jaNAvatA granthakArazrIe kahyuM che ke "aprastuta (= vaktAne anabhimata hoya tevA) artha aMge paDatI zaMkAne dUra karIne je artha prastuta (= vaktAne abhimato hoya tevA arthano nirNaya karAvato hovAthI nikSepa saphaLa che." A nikSepanA ghaNA bhedo paDI zake che. ko'ka vastunA cAra, cha, daza nikSepa thaI zakatA hoya che.

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212 jaina takabhASA tatra prakRtArthanirapekSA nAmArthAnyatarapariNatirnAmanikSepaH / yathA saGketitamAtreNAnyArthasthitenendrAdizabdena vAcyasya gopAladArakasya zakrAdiparyAyazabdAnabhidheyA pariNatiriyameva vA 'tatra prakRtArthanirapekSeti - nAmanikSepalakSaNaM ca Agame itthaM vartate - "yadvastuno'bhidhAnaM sthitamanyArthe tadarthanirapekSama, paryAyAnabhidheyaM ca nAma yAdRcchikaM ca tathA" | asyA AryAyA vyAkhyA yadvastunaH = indrAdeH 'abhidhAnam' vAcakaM, kathambhUtaM tannAmetyAha- 'sthitamanyArthe' mukhyArthApekSayA anyazvAsAvarthazcAnyArthaH gopAladArakAdilakSaNaH tatra sthitam, anyatrendrAdAvarthe sAnvarthatayA prasiddhaM sadanyatra gopAladArakAdau saGketamAtreNa yadAropitamityarthaH / ata eva Aha 'tadarthanirapekSam' iti, indrAdinAmno yo'rthaH paramaizvaryAdirUpastadarthaH, tasya nirapekSaM, gopAladArakAdau niruktatadarthasyAbhAvAt / punaH kimbhUtaM tadityAha 'paryAyAnabhidheya'miti saGketabalAd indrapadAbhidheyo'pi sa gopAladArako na indrapadaparyAyaiH zakrazacIpatyAdilakSaNairabhidheyo bhavati / atredaM cintyam - vyavahAre zAstre'pi ca kvacit nAmni paryAyAbhidheyatvaM dRzyate yathA vikramAdityo 'vikramArka padena abhidhIyate / na caitadanAgamikaM, aSTamatIrthakara candraprabhasvAmino'pi 'zaziprabha' ityAkhyayA Avazyakaniyuktau vyapadiSTatvAt / yaduktaM 'sasi' puphphadaMta sIala' ityAdi (Ava.ni.gAthA370) tatkathaM samAdheyam ? / atra kecit - candra iva prabhA yasya sa hi 'candraprabha' ucyate / aSTamatIrthakarastu zuklavarNatayA tasya bhAvanikSepa eveti tatra 'paryAyAnabhidheyatvasyAtantratvAdeva na doSaH / tanna samyak pratibhAti, yata evaM hi suvidhinAthAkhyo navamatIrthakaro'pi zuklavarNatvAdeva anuyoga dvArAdi AgamasUtromAM tenuM vistRta vivaraNa karAyuM che. sAmAnyathI (= sarvasAdhAraNa rIte) kahIe to sarva vastunA cAra nikSepa to thAya ja che. nAmanikSepa, sthApanAnilepa, dravyanikSepa, bhAvanikSepa. * nAmanikSepamuM ni35| * AmAMthI sauprathama nAmanikSepanuM lakSaNakathanAdi dvArA nirUpaNa kare che zabdanA mukhyArthathI nirapekSa rIte nAma ke arthanI pariNati te nAmanikSepa. Indra zabdano mukhyArtha to "svarganA adhipati Indra' evo thAya. paraMtu A mukhyArtha na hoya to paNa govALiyAnA putrane vize "Indra' padano saMketa karela hoya to pachI te "Indra pada govALiyAnA putrano bodha karAve che. A vakhate gopAladArakanI IndrapadavAcya rUpe pariNati thAya che. "Indra' evA nAmanI athavA Indra nAmavALA gopAladArakarUpa arthanI A pariNatine nAmanikSepa kahevAya che. A nAmArthAnyatarapariNati mukhyArthanirapekSa che. jo mukhArthane sApekSa pariNati hota to nAgendra evo gopAladAraka vAstavika IndranI jema tenA paryAyavAcI zaka-vAsava vagere zabdothI paNa vAcya banI jAta, paraMtu evuM nathI. mAtra "Indra' pada ane te padano "nAma ke arthanI prastutArthanI nirapekSa evI pariNatine nAmanikSepa kahevAya che." prazna : indrAdi zabdonA artha to kozAdi dvArA nizcita thayelA ja hoya che pachI te IndrAdi zabdomAM 1. zazI puSpadantaH zItala /

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nikSepa pariccheda 213 yathAnyatrAvartamAnena yadRcchApravRttena DitthaDavitthAdizabdena vAcyA / tattvato'rthaniSThA upucArataH candraprabhapadavyapadezyaH prApnoti, candraprabhabhAvanikSepatvasya tatrApyabAdhitatvAt / vastutastu samAsasthale prakaraNAdivazAt sukhAvabodhasthale'pi vA'nyatarapadaparyAyaprayoge na kSatiH / yadvA, 'vikramArkaH' 'zaziprabhA' ityAdi nAmAntarameva jJeyamiti na kazcid doSaH iti vicAraNIyamatra vicakSaNaiH / / ___ atha prakArAntareNa nAmno lakSaNamAha - 'yAdRcchikaM ca tatheti tathAvidhavyutpattizUnyaM DitthaDavitthAdirUpaM AdhunikaM ca 'cinTu-pinTu-monTu' ityAdirUpaM yat kutracid vastuni vyaktau vA kenacit prayoktrA tadarthAnveSaNaniHspRheNa svecchayaiva saGketitaM tad yAdRcchikamabhidhIyate / tadapi nAmanikSepa ucyate ityarthaH / tadevaM prakAradvayena nAmnaH svarUpamatroktaM / etacca tRtIyaprakArasyopalakSaNaM, pustakapatracitrAdilikhitasya vastvabhidhAnabhUtasya indrAdivarNAvalImAtrasyApyanyatra nAmatvenoktatvAt / athavA zlokAdeva prakAratrayalAbhAya pUrvoktagAthA anyathA vicAryate - 'yadvastuno'bhidhAnaM = 'indra' ityAdivarNAvalImAtraM, yattadoH nityAbhisambandhAt potAnA mukhyArthathI nirapekSa evI pariNati zI rIte UbhI thAya ? uttara : saMtitamAapa... ItyAdi granthathI granthakAra svayaM AnuM samAdhAna Ape che. kozAdi dvArA IndrAdi zabdono amuka nizcita arthamAM saMketa karAyo hoya che tethI te artha IndrAdi zabdono mukhyArtha kahevAya che. paraMtu gopAladArakAdimAM paNa koI "indra' padano saMketa karI de to pachI svargAdhipati jevA anya arthamAM sthita evuM paNa te "Indra pada have gopAladArakAdimAM saMketita thayuM hovAthI te gopAladArakAdimAM IndrapadavAcyatva rUpa pariNati UbhI thAya che. A pariNatinuM granthakAre "paryAyazabdAnabhidheyA' evuM eka vizeSaNa mUkyuM che eTale ke gopAladArakAdimAM ukta pariNati saMketavazAt UbhI thaI che. paraMtu mAtra Avo navo saMketa gopAladArakAdimAM thayelo hovAthI zakrAdi pado gopAladArakanA vAcaka banatA nathI, arthAt, gopAladArakAdimAM 'zakrAdipaDavAcyatva' rUpa pariNati UbhI thaI nathI. tethI, gopAladArakAdimAM "IndrapadavAcyatvarUpa' je pariNati UbhI thaI che te paryAyazabdAnabhidheyA (= zakrAdipadAnabhidheyA) che. (arthAt, gopAladArakAdimAM UbhI thayelI pariNati zakrAdiparyAya zabdAnabhidheyatvaviziSTa IndrapadAbhidheyatva rUpa che.) have 'phayameva vA yathA' ityAdi granthathI anya rIte nAmanikSepane jaNAve che - indrAdi pudono aizvaryAdiguNayukta svargAdhipati rUpa mukhArtha che ane A mukhyArthanI apekSA vinA ja teno gopAladArakAdimAM saMketa thAya to gopAladArakAdimAM IndrapadavAcyatvarUpa pariNAma Ubho thAya che. AmAM "Indra pada vyutpatti anusAra anya arthamAM prasiddha che ane navA saMketa dvArA tene aprasiddha arthamAM saMketita karAyuM che. paraMtu "Dittha-Davittha' vagere pado evA che ke teno koI ja prasiddha vAcyArtha ke vyutpatti nathI. arthAt, "Dittha-Davittha' vagere padono anAditAtparyamUlaka saMketa kyAMya rahyo nathI ane A padonA koI paryAyavAcI paNa nathI. AvA arthazUnya padono paNa koI vyakti potAnI marajI mujaba amuka vastumAM saMketa karIne prayoga karavA mAMDe to te vastumAM paNa "DityAdipadavANyatva" rUpa pariNati UbhI thAya che. AvI pariNati paNa nAmanikSepa che. A be prakAromAM bheda eTalo che ke pahelA prakAramAM anya arthamAM

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214 jaina tarkabhASA zabdaniSThA c| mervAdinAmApekSayA yAvaddavyabhAvinI, devadattAdinAmApekSayA cAyAvaddavyabhAvinI, tannAma iti yojanA kAryA iti ekaH prakAraH / 'sthitamanyArthe tadarthanirapekSaM paryAyAnabhidheyaM ca' tadapi nAma iti dvitIyaH prakAraH / 'yAdRcchikaM ca nAma' tadapi nAmanikSepo bhavatIti tRtIyaH prakAraH / cakArau hi prathamaprakArato nAmnaH prakArAntaratvasUcakau / vyAkhyAnamidaM prakRtagranthakRto'pISTameva, ata eva granthakRtA nAmanikSepe dRSTAntatraividhyopadarzanamAdRtam / amumevArthaM prakRtagranthakRdAha - 'prakRtArthanirapekSeti / zlokasya tadarthanirapekSapadavyAkhyAnAdeva vyAkhyAtaprAyo nAmanikSepa ukto bhavati / nanvatrAyAvaddavyabhAvi pariNaterapi nAmatvena vivakSAyAM AgamavirodhaH syAt tathA coktam anuyogadvArasUtre 1'nAmaTThavaNANaM ko paiviseso ? NAmaM AvakahiaM, ThavaNA ittariA vA hojjA AvakahiA vA' (sUtra 11) iti cet, na, tatra meru-dvIpa-samudrAdipratiniyatajanapadasaJjJAmAzrityaiva nAmno yAvatkathikatvoktiH, na tu sArvatrikI, kvacidanekanAmaparAvRttidarzanAd / na ca abhidhAnAntare'pi prAgabhidhAnavAcyatvena na yAvatkathikatvahAniriti vAcyam, kvacid dIkSAdiprasaGge digbandhanAvasare nAmAntarakaraNataH prAktanAbhidhAnavAcyatvapracyutidarzanAt / ata eva bhASyakAreNa prAyaHpadaghaTitameva nAmno lakSaNamabhyadhAyi 'jAvadavvaM ca pAeNa' iti (vizeSAvazkabhASya zloka-25) AvazyakaniyuktivRttau zrIharibhadrasUriNA'pi ca 'yattu "NAmaM AvakahiyaM' tat pratiniyatajanapadAdisaJjJAmAzritye ti uktaM, anuyogadvArasUtravRttikAreNApi prAyograhaNapUrvakameva nAmno yAvatkathikatvoktirvyAkhyAtA / kvacidanyathopalambhastu alpatvAd mUlasUtrakAreNa na vivakSita ityadoSaH / nAmasthApanayozca prativizeSo'nekaprakAreNa samarthitaH samarthayiSyate cAtrApi prakArAntareNeti zAntaM tiSThatu | prasiddha padono aprasiddhArthamAM saMketa karAya che jyAre bIjA prakAramAM arthazUnya ke vyutpattizUnya padono dhyAM saMta 42 / 5 che. pddel| prA2mA 'saMketitamAtreNAnyArthasthitena indrAdizabdena' cha, nyAre jI 2mA 'anyatrAvartamAnena yadRcchApravRttena DitthaDavitthAdizabdena' dhuM che. maan| 752thI ye 12 vayyenI bhedarekhA spaSTa karAI che. eTalo bheda hovA chatAM paNa zabdanA mukhArthanI apekSA vinA ja aprasiddhArthamAM saMketita thavuM e banne prakAre samAna che. have ahIM eka zaMkA UbhI thaI zake che ke abhinava saMketa thavAthI "IndrapadavANyatva' rUpa pariNati to mAtra gopAladAraka rUpa arthamAM ja raheze Indra' nAmamAM to A "IndrapadavAcyatva' rUpa pariNati rahevAno saMbhava ja nathI. to pachI nAmanikSepanA lakSaNamAM "nAmArthAnyatarapariNati' kahIne "nAma'no paNa anyatara zabdathI samAveza zA mATe karyo ? Ano samAveza karavo vyartha che kAraNa ke ukta pariNati mAtra arthamAM ja rahI zake evI che, nAmamAM te rahI zatA nathI. mAna samAdhAna anya2zrI. 'tattvato'rthaniSThA' ityAdi anyathA sApe cha. mAzaya me cha ? ukta pariNati vAstavamAM to arthaniSTha ja hoya che paraMtu nAma-nAmavAnanI abheda vivakSAthI arthaniSTha evI paNa IndrapadavAcyatva rUpa pariNatine upacArathI nAmaniSTha (IndrapadaniSTha) paNa mAnavAmAM AvI che mATe A rIte "nAmArthAnyatarapariNati' kahevAmAM koI doSa nathI. 1. nAmasthApanayoH kaH prativizeSaH ? nAma yAvatkathikaM sthApanA itvarikA vA syAd yAvatkathikA vA /

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nikSepapariccheda 215 yathA vA pustakapatracitrAdilikhitA vastvabhidhAnabhUtendrAdivarNAvalI / atha indrAdipadAbhidheyatvalakSaNA pariNatiH saGketavazAd gopAladArakAdilakSaNasya arthasyaiva bhavitumucitA tatkathaM 'anyatara'padaprayogeNa zabdasyApi sA saGgrahItA, ekamAtraniSThatve'pyanyataraniSThatvasambhave'pi zabdaniSThatvasyAbhAvatastasya anyataratvena saGgraho niSprayojana evetyata Aha 'tattvato' ityAdi / paramArthatastu yo nAmayuktapiNDagatadharma indrAdipadAbhidheyatvalakSaNaH sa nAmni indrAdilakSaNa upacArata eva vartate / nanu evaM sthite sakalanAmarAzAvetAdRza upacArasya samAnatvAt 'anyatara'padatyAgena 'nAmArthobhayapariNati'reva nAmanikSepatvena vivakSyatAmiti cet, atra kecit, yAdRcchikapadAnAM DitthaDavitthAdirUpANAm artha eva na vidyate yatra tattvataH iyaM pariNatiH sthAsyati, atastatra padaniSThA upacaritA ekaiva pariNatirlabhyA / ata eva nAmArthobhayapariNatirityanuktvA nAmArthAnyatarapariNatirityabhihitam / tanna manoramaM, yato yatra kutracit puruSAdike DitthAdikayAdRcchikapadAnAM saGketaH kriyate kenacittatra arthaniSThAyAH pariNaterapi sambhavAt / atra kecit- DitthAdipadasya vAcyArthaH kutracid dRzyate'taH vyutpattizUnyatvamastu tAdRzapadAnAM arthazUnyatvaM tu nAstIti vadanti / vastutastu - anyatarapadatyAgena nAmArthobhayapariNate manikSepatvoktau svAtaMtryeNa padasya tadvAcyasya vA nAmanikSepatvaM na syAt, ubhayatvasyobhayatraiva paryAptatvAt / ata indrAdipadasya zabda ke artha anyataraniSTha pariNatine nAmanikSepa kahela che. A pariNati (= nAmanikSepa) be prakAre che - (1) yAvad dravyabhAvinI pariNati arthAt yAvadravyabhAvI nAmanikSepa : (2) ayAvad dravyabhAvinI pariNati arthAt ayAvadravyabhAvI nAmanikSepa : meru vagere nAmonI apekSAe yAvadravyabhAvI nAmanikSepa kahevAya ane devadattAdi nAmonI apekSAe ayAvadravyabhAvi nAmanikSepa kahevAya. zaMkAH "yAvadravyabhAvi' padano artha "vastu Take tyAM sudhI TakanAra' Avo thAya che. jema merunuM nAma yAvadravyabhAvi che e rIte devadattAdinA nAmo paNa yAvadravyabhAvi che kAraNa ke devadattanA maraNa sudhI tenuM nAma Take che ane maraNa pachI to jyAre vastu ja vidyamAna nathI tyAre tenuM nAma vidyamAna na hoya to paNa koI vAMdho nathI. mATe devadattAdi nAmo paNa yAvadravyabhAvi kema na kahevAya ? samA. : devadattAdinuM to (dIkSAdi thavAthI athavA bIjA koI paNa kAraNathI) nAmAMtara paNa thaI zake che mATe devadattAdi nAmone yAvadravyabhAvi na kahevAya. zaMkA : e rIte to kadAca koI meru parvatAdinuM paNa nAmAMtara karI deze to e rIte to meru vagere nAmo ya yAvadravyabhAvi nahi rahe. samA. nA, evuM nathI, "e" vagerenuM koI nAmAMtara kare to junuM nAma to ubhuM ja rahevAnuM, uparAMtamAM thayelI navI saMjJA paNa pravartamAna thaze. vaLI, airAvata, mahAvidehAdi anya kSetromAM paNa "meru' nAmano vyavahAra thayA ja karavAno. mATe mera Adi nAmo yAvadravyabhAvi che ane devadattAdi nAmo ayAvadravyabhAvi

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216 jaina tarkabhASA ___ yattu vastu tadarthaviyuktaM tadabhiprAyeNa sthApyate citrAdau tAdRzAkArama, akSAdau ca nirAgopAladArakAdezcApi nAmatvalAbhAya anyataratvAbhidhAnaM, anyataratvasya pratyekasminnapi saMbhavAditi hRdayam / yattu vastvi'tyAdi sthApanAlakSaNaM cAgama itthamabhihitam - 'yattu tadarthaviyuktam tadabhiprAyeNa yacca tatkaraNi lepyAdikarma tatsthApaneti kriyate'lpakAlaM ca' ayamevArtho prakRtagranthapaGktyA'bhihitaH / ata anyataravyAkhyAne kRte vyAkhyAtamevAnyaditi / 'yad' = vastu lepyAdilakSaNaM tadarthaH = paramaizcaryAdilakSaNa indrapadArthastena viyuktaM rahitaM yadvastu, tasminnabhiprAyastadabhiprAyaH abhiprAyo buddhiH, taduddhayetyarthaH, tadabhiprAyeNa yacca tatkaraNi = tadAkRtiH, athavA tena saha karaNiH sAdRzyaM yasya tat tatkaraNiH = tatsadRzamityarthaH cakArastadakaraNivastuno'kSAdeH samuccAyakaH / kimbhUtaM tadvastu ityAha 'lepyAdikarmeti' lepyaputtalikAdi, AdinA kASThaputtalikAdigraha akSAdi vA'nAkAraM vastu gRhyate; kiyantaM kAlaM tat kriyata ityAha alpaH kAlo yasya tadalpakAlamitvarakAlamityarthaH / cazabdAd yAvatkathikaM ca zAzvatapratimAdi / yatpunarbhAvendrAdyartharahitaM sAkAraM vA'nAkAraM, itvarakAlaM yAvatkathikaM vA tadabhiprAyeNa kriyate tatsthApaneti bhAvaH / citrakASThAdinirmitaM pASANamayaM vA jinabimbAdikaM sAkAramitvarakAlikaM sthApanA bhAvajinezvarasya, nandIzvaradvIpAdivartizAzvatapratimA tu sAkAraM yAvatkathikaM ca, aJjanazalAkAdividhAnArthaM mantroccArAdipUrvaM kriyamANA indrAdisthApanA hi sAkAra itvarakAlikI ca jJeyA, akSAdiSu kriyamANA gurusthApanA hi nirAkAra itvarakAlikI ca jJeyA, tUlikAruDho bAla azvameva manyate tAm, atastadapekSayA sA tUlikA azvasya nirAkArA itvarakAlikI ca sthApanA / itthameva ca pravacanaprasiddhaM sthApanAsatyamapi saGgacchate / idaM tvavadheyam - ikArAdivarNAnAm AkAravizeSo'pi indrasthApanocyate / AnupUrvIrUpA ikArAdivarNAvalI nAmendratvena uktA, sthApanAyAM cAkArogRhyate che. (TUMkamAM, zAzvata padArthanA nAmone yAvadravyabhAvi ane azAzvata padArthonA nAmone ayAvadravyabhAvi jANavA.) athavA, trIjI rIte nAmanikSepanuM udAharaNa jaNAve che ke pustaka, citra vageremAM vastunuM abhiyAna je lakhAyuM hoya te "Indra vagere varSAvalIne paNa IndrAdino nAmanikSepa kahevAya. * sthApanAnikSepanu ni35|| * have krama prApta sthApanAniSepanuM nirUpaNa karAya che. je vastu te arthathI rahita hoya ane tenA abhiprAyathI sthApita hoya tene sthApanAnakSepa kahevAya che. A sthApanA be prakAre thatI hoya che. (1) sthApyamAna vastuno AkAra jemAM spaSTa jaNAto hoya tene sAkAra (athavA sadbhAva) sthApanA kahevAya che. (2) jemAM sthApyamAna vastuno AkAra jaNAto na hoya tene nirAkAra (athavA asadbhAva) sthApanA kahevAya che. athavA, anya rIte paNa sthApanAnA be prakAra che (1) je sthApanA maryAdita kALa pUratI hoya tene ItarakAlika sthApanA kahevAya che. (2) je sthApanA zAzvatI hoya tene yAvatruthika kahevAya che. A dareka bhedanI vadhu spaSTatA udAharaNo uparathI thaze. * citramAM rahelA jina ke kASThAdimAM kotarAyelA jina ke pASANAdimAMthI ghaDAyelI jinapratimA A badhAne

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nikSepa pariccheda 217 kAram, citrAdyapekSayetvaraM nandIzvaracaityapratimAdyapekSayA ca yAvatkathikaM sa sthApanAnikSepaH, yathA jinapratimA sthApanAjinaH, yathA cendrapratimA sthApanendraH / ti tasmaH | idamatra bodhyam - yatretvarakAlikI sthApanA tatra 'sthApyata iti sthApanA' iti vyutpattiH yAvatkathikIsthApanAsthale hi tiSThatIti sthApanA' iti, tasyAH zAzvatatvena kenApi sthApyamAnatvAbhAvAt / atha tattvabhedaparyAyairvyAkhyA kriyata iti sAmAnyato vyAkhyApaddhatirdRzyate / tattvapadena lakSaNaM pratipAdyate / lakSaNavacanAnantaramabhidhAtumucitaM vibhAgavacanam, atra tu lakSaNavacana eva tadabhihitamiti anucitamiti cet, astu tarhi 'yattu vastu tadarthaviyuktaM tadabhiprAyeNa sthApyate sa sthApanAnikSepaH' ityetAvadeva lakSaNavacanaM, zeSaM tu vibhAgavacanabhiti vivekaH / na cAyamapi anucito, lakSaNavAkye'pi vibhAgavacanasya 'indriyArthasannikarpotpannaM jJAnamavyapadezyamavyabhicAri vyavasAyAtmakaM pratyakSam' iti gautamIyasUtre dRSTatvAt, tatra hi indriyArthasannikarSotpannaM jinanA itvarakAlika sAkAra sthApanA nikSepa kahevAya. (nAzavaMta hovAthI itvarakAlika ane AkAravALI sthApanA hovAthI sAkAra). * nandIzvaradvIpanA jinAlayAdimAM rahelA jinapratimAjIo zAzvata che mATe tene jinano yAvatruthika sAkAra sthApanA nikSepa kahevAya. IndranI pratimA, pratikRti Adine indrano ItkAlika sAkAra sthApanAniSepa kahevAya. (aMjanazalAkA vidhAna vakhate indra-indrANI AdinI je maMtroccArAdipUrvaka sthApanA karAya che tene paNa Indrano itvarakAlika sAkAra sthApanAnikSepa kahevAya.) gurumUrti e gurunI ItvarakAlika sAkAra sthApanA che jyAre akSa vageremAM gurunI thatI sthApanA (= sthApanAcArya) e ItvarakAlika nirAkAra sthApanA kahevAya. citra-kASThAdimAM rahelA azvAdine itvarakAlika sAkAra sthApanA kahevAya. nAnA bALako potAnA pitA vagerene vAMkA namAvI pITha upara caDIne athavA takiyA upara besIne "ghoDo-ghoDo' ramatA hoya che. ahIM takiyA vageremAM ghoDAnI thayelI sthApanA, ItvarakAlika nirAkAra sthApanA kahevAya che. 9 dravyanikSepanuM nirUpaNa 4 bhUtakALanA ke bhaviSyakALanA paryAyanuM je kAraNa hoya tene dravyanikSepa kahevAya. jema ke je ghaDAmAM pUrve ghI bhareluM hatuM athavA to je ghaDAmAM bhaviSyamAM ghI bharavAnuM che te ghaDo vartamAnakALe ghI rahita hovA chatAM paNa te ghaDA mATe dhRtaghaTa (= ghIno ghaDo) evo zabdaprayoga thAya che. vRtAdhAratva eka paryAya che ane A paryAya ghaTa vinA utpanna thaI zakto nathI ke thayelo hoto nathI mATe bhUtakALanA ke bhaviSyakALanA vRtAdhAratva paryAyanuM kAraNa hovAthI vartamAnakALanA rikta ghaTane paNa dhRtaghaTa kahevAya che. A riktaghaTa, dhRtaghaTano dravyanikSepa che. prazna : dhRtaghaTa paryAya mATe jema ghaDo e kAraNa che tema vRta paNa kAraNa che to pachI cUtane dravya

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218 jaina tarkabhASA bhUtasya bhAvino vA bhavasya kAraNaM yannikSipyate sa dravyanikSepaH, yathA'nubhUtendraparyAyo'nubhaviSyamANendraparyAyo vA indraH, anubhUtaghRtAdhAratvaparyAye'nubhaviSyamANaghRtAdhAratvaparyAye ca ghRtaghaTavyapadezavattatrendrazabdavyapadezopapatteH / kvacidaprAdhAnye'pi dravyanikSepaH pravartate, yathA'GgArajJAnamiti lakSaNaM, pratyakSamiti lakSyanirdezaH, tasya nirvikalpakasavikalpakapramApratyakSabhedena dvaividhyopadarzakamavyapadezyamavyabhicArivyavasAyAtmakamiti tathA vivekastadvadatrApItyalaM vistareNa / 'bhAvasyeti paryAyasya atItasyA'nAgatasya vA kAraNam = upAdAnalakSaNaM yannikSipyate = sa cAsya indrAdevyanikSepo jJeyaH / AgamoktadravyanikSepalakSaNamapi abhihitArthAbhidhAyakameva, tathA hi . "bhUtasya bhAvino vA bhAvasya hi kAraNaM tu yalloke, tadravyaM tattvajJaiH sacetanAcetanaM kthitN"| dravati = gacchati tAMstAn paryAyAn kSarati ceti dravyamucyate / gacchatIti pakSAzrayaNe khalu anubhaviSyamANendraparyAyo dRSTAntaH, kSaratIti pakSAzrayaNe hi anubhUtendraparyAyo dRSTAntaH / bharatacakriNA vandito marIcirapi zrIvardhamAnasvAmino dravyanikSepo jJeyaH / zakrastave 'je a aiyA siddhA je a bhavissaMti NAgayakAle' ityAdinA'rhato dravyanikSepaH saMstutaH, 'saMpai ya vaTTamANA' ityAdinA punarbhAvanikSepaH / dhRtaghaTa kema na kahevAya ? kAraNa ke "pUta2 mavino vA bhAvI (= kRtayaTaca) ThAra' tarIke vRta paNa AvI zake ne ! uttara : ahIM "kAraNa' padathI upAdAna (= pariNAmI) kAraNa vivakSita che. rikta ghaTa pote ja vRtaghaTa rUpe pariNamelo hato. athavA bhaviSyamAM pariNamato hovAthI ahIM riktaghaTane ja dhRtaghaTane dravyanikSepa kahevAya. vRta e vRtaghaTanuM upAdAnakAraNa nathI mATe tene dhRtaghaTano dravyanikSepa na kahevAya. A rIte bhUtakALanA ke bhaviSyakALanA vRtaghaTanI apekSAe vartamAnakALamAM riktaghaTano paNa dhRtaghaTa' evo vyavahAra thAya che e ja rIte bhUtakALamAM (gayA bhavamAM) je Indra thayelo hato athavA bhaviSyakALamAM (= AvatA bhavamAM) Indra thanAra hoya tevA manuSyAdine dravya Indra kahevAya. bharata cakravartIe marIcine vaMdana karelA tyAM prabhu mahAvIranA dravyanikSepanA abhiprAyathI vaMdana kareluM. dravyanikSepanA keTalAka vyAvahArika udAharaNo paNa joIe - * ramezabhAI gAmamAM rahelA potAnA gharane choDIne anyane veMcIne sosAyaTInA baMgalAmAM rahevA gayA chatAM kyAreka pelA jUnAM ghara mATe "ramezabhAInuM ghara' evo prayoga thAya che. pitAnA jhababhAmAMthI putrano jhabhalmo banAvAyo hoya tyAre te jhabhA vize paNa "A to pitAjIno jhabhbho che" evo prayoga kyAreka thAya che. chaganakAkAne bheTa ApavA mATe mitra dvArA bajAramAMthI kharIdIne lavAyelA navA ja dhotiyA vize (chaganakAkAne te dhotiyuM apAya te pUrve ja) "A to chaganakAkAnuM dhotiyuM che' evo vyavahAra thAya che. ahIM pahelA udAharaNamAMnuM khAlI ghara e "ramezagRha'no dranikSepa che.

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nikSepa pariccheda 219 mardako dravyAcAryaH, AcAryaguNarahitatvAdapradhAnAcArya ityarthaH / kvacidanupayoge'pi, yathA'nAbhogenehaparalokAdyAzaMsAlakSaNenAvidhinA ca bhaktyApi kriyamANA jinapUjAdikriyA dravyakriyaiva, anupayuktakriyAyAH sAkSAnmokSAGgatvAbhAvAt / bhaktyA'vidhinApi kriyamANA sA pAramparyeNa mokSAGgatvApekSayA dravyatAmaznute, bhaktiguNenAvidhidoSasya niranubandhIkRtatvAdityAcAryAH / ___ kvacidaprAdhAnye'pIti samayaparibhASAyAM dravyapadaM sAmAnyatastridhA pravartate - kAraNatAyAM, aprAdhAnye'nupayoge ceti / prathamaprakAre hi 'bhUtasya bhAvino ve'tyAdinA vyAkhyAta udAhRtazcAnubhUtendraparyAya' ityAdinA / atha dravyapadapravRtteH prakArAntaraM darzayati 'kvacidaprAdhAnye'pi' ityAdinA / aGgAramardakasaJjJaka AcAryavizeSastadguNarahitatvAd dravyAcAryo'bhidhIyate / kvacidanupayoge'pIti - athAnupayogArthakaM dravyapadamudAhriyate / - anAbhogena, ihaparalaukikA''zaMsAlakSaNAvidhinA bhaktiyutA'pi kriyamANA jinapUjanAdikriyA dravyAkriyaiva / dravyatvaM ca sAkSAnmokSakAraNatvAbhAvAt / ayambhAvaH jinapUjAdikriyA dravyamabhAvabhedabhinnA syAt, yaduktaM- dravyato bhAvatazcaiva pratyAkhyAnaM dvidhA matam, apekSAdikRtaM hyAdyamato'nyaccaramaM matam / / (aSTakaprakaraNa 8/1) pratyAkhyAnopalakSaNAdazeSadharmakriyAgrahaNaM / yatra tvetadapekSAdikaM bhaktibahumAnaprabhAvAd vAdhyamAnaM bhavet sA pradhAnadravyakriyA bhAvakriyAkAraNIbhUtatvAd, yaduktaM- jinoktamiti sadbhaktyA grahaNe dravyo'pyadaH, bAdhyamAnaM bhaved bhAvapratyAkhyAnasya kAraNam / (aSTakaprakaraNa 8/8) yatra tu etAdRzI sadbhaktirnA'sti bIjA udAharaNamAMno jhabho e "pitAnA jhabhbhono dravyanikSepa che. trIjA udAharaNamAMnuM dhotiyuM e "chaganakAkAnA dhotiyA'no dranikSepa che. * manupayoga-mavidhiyI 5satI jiyA 5 / dravyAcyA * bhUtakALanA athavA bhaviSyakALanA paryAyanA kAraNane dravyanikSepa kahIne have kyAreka aprAdhAnya ke anupayoga arthamAM paNa 'dravyanikSepa" kahevAya che e jaNAve che. kyAMka aprAdhAnya arthamAM paNa 'dravya nikSepa kahevAya che. jema ke aMgAramadaka AcArya dravyAcArya (= apradhAnAcArya) hatA. kAraNa ke AcAryanA guNothI rahita hatA. ahIM "apradhAna' arthamAM dravyanikSepa kahevAyo che. sUtramA yuM che 'aNuvaogo davvaM' (anuyogadAra) tene anusarIne anya 2 4||ch yAre "anupayoga' arthamAM paNa 'dravya' zabda vaparAya che. jema ke - anAbhogathI athavA Ihaloka-paralokAdinI bhautika AzaMsA rUpa avidhithI bhaktipUrvaka paNa karAtI kriyA dravyakriyA' ja che. kAraNa ke upayogazUnya kriyA sAkSAt mokSanuM kAraNa banatI nathI tema bhaktipUrvakanI paNa kriyA jo avidhipUrvaka karAtI hoya to te kriyA paraMparAe mokSaphaLasAdhaka banI zake che. paraMtu sAkSAt tevuM phaLa ApatI nathI. A apekSAe te kriyAne (= avidhithI karAtI bhaktipUrvakanI kriyAne) dravyakriyA kahI che. praznaH kriyA jyAre avidhivALI hoya, pachI te bhaktithI karAtI hoya to paNa mokSAMga zI rIte banI za: ?

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220 jaina takabhASA vivakSitakriyAnubhUtiviziSTaM svatattvaM yannikSipyate sa bhAvanikSepaH, yathA indanakriyApariNato mAvendra ti | ___ nanu bhAvavarjitAnAM nAmAdInAM kaH prativizeSastriSvapi vRttyavizeSAt ?, tathAhi - nAma tAvannAmavati padArthe sthApanAyAM dravye cAvizeSeNa vartate / bhAvArthazUnyatvaM sthApanArUpamapi na tad bhAvapratyAkhyAnIbhavati yathA'bhavyAdInAm, ataH sA kriyA'pradhAnadravyarUpA gIyate / atrA'rthe bahu vaktavyaM, tattu nocyate granthavistarabhayAt, sudhiyA mAdhyasthyamavalambyAnyato'vaseyam / nanu vidhyabhAve kathaM tataH paramparayA'pi phalaprasUtiriti cet, ucyate, bhaktyabhAvaviziSTAvidhereva vastutaH pratibandhakatvaM, bhaktiguNenAvidhidoSasya niranubandhIkRtatvAt, bhaktervidhisamAkarSakakSayopazamA''dhAyakatvAditi bhAvaH / 'vivakSitakriyAnubhUtiviziSTamiti - ayambhAvaH bhavanaM = vivakSita rUpeNa pariNamanaM bhAvaH, athavA bhavati = vivakSitarUpeNa sampadyata iti bhAvaH / vakturvivakSitA yA indana-jvalana-jIvanAdikA kriyA, tasyA anubhUtiranubhavanaM tayA viziSTaM indrAdilakSaNavastusvarUpaM yannikSipyate = svargAdhipatyAdilakSaNaizvaryAdiyuktatayA' uttara : bhaktinA kAraNe avidhino doSa niranubandha banI jAya che, arthAt - kriyA pratyenI athavA kriyApadezaka pratyenI hArdika bhaktinI A tAkAta che ke ajJAnAdi kAraNe kadAca kriyAmAM avidhi thaI jAya to paNa te avidhidoSa anubandha vagarano = tAkAtahIna) banI jAya che jethI karIne kriyAgata pelo avidhidoSa, AgaLa paNa sadoSakriyAo ja karAve rAkhe evuM pachI banatuM nathI. kriyAgata avidhidoSa ja te kriyAne dravyakriyA banAve che, paNa sAthe je kriyA pratyenI bhakti che tenAthI te avidhidoSa dUra thato Ave che ane AgaLa jatA vidhipUrvakanI kriyA dvArA mokSaphaLa paNa prApta karI zakAya che. evuM AcArya bhagavaMtonuM kahevuM che. * bhAvanikSepanuM nirUpaNa dareka vastu potapotAnI koI ne koI asAdhAraNa arthakriyA dharAvatI hoya che. te vivalita arthakriyAnI anubhUtithI viziSTa evuM vastunuM svatattva (= asAdhAraNa svarUpa): jaNAvAtuM hoya tyAre tene (te vastuno) bhAvanikSepa kahevAya che. arthAt pratipAdaka zabda je paryAyane jaNAvato hoya te paryAyane anubhavatI vastu bhAvanikSepa kahevAya che. jema ke IndanakriyA rUpe pariNata thayelA padArthane bhAvendra kahevAya che. have nAma-sthApanA ane dravya nikSepomAM paraspara zuM bheda ane vizeSatAo rahI che te jaNAve che 29 nAma-sthApanA-dravya nikSepo vacce abhedanI zaMka - pUrvapakSa 9 pUrvapakSa : bhAva sivAyanA nAmAdi traNa nikSepamAM zuM bheda che ? kAraNa ke nAmAdi traNemAM nAmanI pravRtti aMge samAnatA jaNAya che. te A rIte - nAmavAn padArthamAM, tenI sthApanAmAM ane dravyanikSepamAM, traNemAM nAmano saMbaMdha to che ja. jo nAmanuM svarUpa sthApanA ane dravya karatA juduM hota to sthApanA ane dravyamAM nAmano saMbaMdha na hota. (yadyapi bhAvendramAM paNa nAmano saMbaMdha to che ja, paraMtu bhAvendrano

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nikSepa pariccheda 221 triSvapi samAnam, triSvami bhAvasyAbhAvAt, dravyamapi nAmasthApanAdravyeSu vartata eva, dravyasyaiva nAmasthApanAkaraNAt, dravyasya dravye sutarAM vRttezceti viruddhadharmAdhyAsAbhAvAnnaiSAM bhedo yukta iti cet, na; anena rUpeNa viruddhadharmAdhyAsAbhAve'pi rUpAntareNa viruddhadharmAdhyAsAd bhedopapatteH / tathAhi-nAmadravyAbhyAM sthApanA tAvadAkArAbhiprAyabuddhikriyAphaladarzanAd bhidyate, yathA hi sthA'yamindra' ityevaM rUpeNa indrazabdavAcyatayA vyavahriyate sa indrAdirbhAvanikSepaH / AgamoktaM bhAvanikSepalakSaNamapi je vartamAna paryAya che te nAma-sthApanA ke dravyamAM nathI mATe "bhAva" judo tarI Ave che.) A ja rIte sthApanA nikSepanuM svarUpa paNa kAMI asAdhAraNa lAgatuM nathI. bhAvArthanyatva e sthApanAnuM svarUpa che paNa nAma ane dravyanikSepa paNa bhAvArthazUnya to che ja. (anyathA bhAvanikSepamAM ja nAmAdino samAveza thaI jAta.) dravyanikSepamAM paNa A ja takalIpha che. dravyanuM ja nAma paDAya che, dravyanI ja sthApanA karAya che ane dravya pote to dravya che ja tethI A traNeno bheda pADI zakAto nathI. arthAt, jayAM viruddhadharmAdhyAsa hoya tyAM paraspara bheda hoya paraMtu ahIM to nAma-sthApanA-dravyanuM vyaktirUpe jaNAvAnuM svarUpa paNa anya bannemAM rahyuM ja che. nAma ke nAmavAne nAmanikSepa kahyo che paNa nAmano saMbaMdha to sthApanA ane dravyamAM paNa che ja. dravyarUpa paNa traNe ya che ja. Ama jyAre parasparanA svarUpanuM sAkArya thatuM hoya tyAre traNeyane bhinna zI rIte mAnavA ? = nAmAdi traNa vacce bhinnatAnI siddhi - uttarapakSa * uttarapakSa H pahelI vAta to e barAbara samajI rAkhavA jevI che ke je padArthomAM paraspara virodhI dharma rahetA hoya te padArthomAM koI koI samAna dharmo paNa rahyA hovA mAtrathI te te padArtho vacceno bheda bhuMsAI jato nathI. tame jaNAvyuM e rIte nAmAdi traNamAM viruddha dharmAdhyAsa bhale na hoya paraMtu anya rIte viruddhadharmAdhyAsa che ane tethI nAmAdi traNa vacce paraspara bheda paNa ghaTe che. jala ane agni bhinna vastuo che. tema chatAM paNa dravyatvAdi dharmo to bannemAM che ja. paraMtu eTalA mAtrathI te be vacceno bheda miTAvI zakAto nathI. eka rIte samAnatA maLavA chatAM anya rIte viSamatA che ja. te A rIte - jyAM kASThAdimAM IndranI AkRti kotarIne sthApanA karavAmAM Ave che temAM hajAra AMkha, hAthamAM vaja Adi AkAra hoya che. sthApanA karanAra "A Indra che' evA abhiprAyathI ja sthApanA kare che. sthApanA IndranA darzana karanArAone, te AkAra-rUpAdi jovAthI "A Indra che' evI buddhi thAya che ane tethI bhaktivALA loko te sthApanA Indrane namaskAra-stuti-pUjA-satkArAdi karatA paNa jovA maLe che. are ! e sthApanA IndranI bhaktinA pratApe bhaktone ISTa phaLa maLatuM paNa dekhAya che. nAgendra ke dravyendrane vize AvuM dekhAtuM nathI. Indra nAmavALA gopAladArakAdi (= nAmendra) nI pUjAstavanA, tenA darzana dvArA IndranI buddhi, te gopAladArakAdinI bhaktithI phalaprApti Adi thatuM dekhAtuM nathI. AvuM ja dravyendranI bAbatamAM paNa che. mATe nAma ane dravya karatA sthApanAnA AkAra, abhiprAya, jJAna,

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222 jaina tarkabhASA panendre locanasahasrAdyAkAraH, sthApanAkartuzca sadbhatendrAbhiprAyo, draSTuzca tadAkAradarzanAdindrabuddhiM, bhaktipariNatabuddhInAM namaskaraNAdikriyA, tatphalaM ca putrotpattyAdikaM saMvIkSyate, na tathA nAmendre dravyendre ceti tAbhyAM tasya bhedaH / dravyamapi bhAvapariNAmikAraNatvAnnAmasthApanAbhyAM bhidyate, yathA hyanupayukto vaktA dravyam, upayuktatvakAle upayogalakSaNasya bhAvasya kAraNaM bhavati, yathA vA sAdhujIvo dravyendraH sadbhAvendrarUpAyAH pariNateH, na tathA nAmasthApanendrAviti / nAmApi sthApanAdravyAbhyAmuktavaidhAdeva bhidyata iti / dugdhatakrAdInAM zvetatvAdinA'bhede'pi mAdhuryAdinA bhedavannAmAdInAM kenacidrUpeNAbhede'pi rUpAntareNa bheda iti sthitam / gatArthakameva, tathA hi "bhAvo vivakSitakriyAnubhUtiyukto hi vai samAkhyAtaH, srvjnyairindraadivdihendnaadiziyADanumavata" / kriyA, phaLa Adi judA hovAthI sthApanA, anya be karatA bhinna che e siddha thAya che. sthApanAno nAma-dravya karatA bheda batAvIne have dravyano nAma-sthApanA karatA bheda batAve che. bhAvarUpe pariNamanAra hovAthI tenA pariNAmI kAraNane kAryAtmaka "bhAva" nuM dravya' (= kAraNa) kahevAya che. nAma ke sthApanA bhAva rUpe kyAre ya pariNamatA nathI jayAre dravyanikSepa bhAvanikSepanuM pariNAmI kAraNa che mATe nAma-sthApanA karatA dravyanikSepano bheda spaSTa che. mRtiMDa ghaTarUpe pariName che mATe tene dravyaghaTa kahevAya che paraMtu "ghaTa' nAma (ke "ghaTa' nAmavALI vyakti) athavA sthApanAiTa kyAreya ghaTarUpe pariNamatA nathI. A ja vAtane granthakArazrI be udAharaNo dvArA samajAve che. (1) anupayukta vaktAne dravya kahevAya che. upayoga pariNAma e ja "bhAva" che. upayoga e AtmAno dharma hovAthI kAlAntare e AtmA ja upayogavALo thatA "bhAva" banaze. Ama upayoga svarUpa bhAvanuM kAraNa hovAthI atyAre anupayukta vaktAne 'dravya kahevAya che. e dravya' ja "bhAva" rUpe pariNamaze. paNa nAma-sthApanA "bhAva" rUpe pariNamatA nathI. mATe dravyanikSepa, nAma sthApanA karatA bhinna che. (2) AgAmI bhavamAM Indra thanArA vartamAnanA sAdhunA jIvane dravya Indra kahevAya che. e ja sAdhano AtmA (dravyanikSepa) kAlAntare Indra pariNAmane (bhAvanikSepane) pAmaze mATe te AtmAne dravyaIndra kahevAya che. A rIte nAmaIndra ke sthApanA Indra, bhAvendrarUpe pariNamatA nathI. AnA parathI paNa nAma-sthApanA ane dravyanikSepa vacceno bheda spaSTa pratIta thAya che. sthApanAnilepa ane nAmanikSepanA je vilakSaNa dharmo pUrve batAvyA che tenuM vaidharma nAmanikSepamAM che tethI nAmanikSepa paNa sthApanAnilepa ane dravyanikSepa karatA bhinna che. sthApanAnizepamAM viziSTaAkAravandra, viziSTaabhiprAyavanta, buddhivizeSajanakatva, namaskArAdiviSayatva, phaladAyakatva Adi dharmo rahyA che. dravya nikSepamAM pariNAmitva dharma rahyo che. sthApanAgata ane dravyagata A dharmo nAmanikSepamAM rahyA nathI mATe nAmanikSepamAM sthApanA ane dravyanuM vaidharme che. mATe nAmanikSepa paNa sthApanA ane dravya karatA bhinna che te siddha thAya che. dUdha ane chAza banneno varNa zveta hovAthI te rUpe banne vacce abhinnatA hovA chatAM paNa anyarUpe

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nikSepa pariccheda 223 nanu bhAva eva vastu, kiM tadarthazUnyairnAmAdibhiriti cet; na; nAmAdInAmapi vastuparyAyatvena sAmAnyato bhAvatvAnatikramAt, aviziSTe indravastunyuccarite nAmAdibhedacatuSTayaparAmarzanAtprakaraNAdinaiva vizeSaparyavasAnAt / bhAvAGgatvenaiva vA nAmAdInAmupayogaH jinanAmajinasthA sAnvarthatayA bhAvasyaiva vastutvamityAzaGkate 'nanvi'tyAdinA - atra zaGkAkarturanumAnaprayogazcAyaM dRSTavyaH 'bhAvanikSepa eva vastu, svakAryaprasAdhakatvAt jalAharaNAdikAryasamarthabhAvaghaTavat / uttarayati 'ne'tyAdinA pratyuttaraprayogazcAyaM draSTavyaH 'nAmAdayo'pi vasturUpA vastuparyAyatvAd rUpAdivat' / banne vacce bhinnatA paNa che. jema ke dUdhamAM madhurarasa hoya che. jyAre chAzamAM Aspharasa hoya che. Aja rIte nAma, sthApanA ane dravyanikSepo vacce amuka apekSAe abheda hovA chatAM paNa anya apekSAe bheda paNa abAdhita che. tethI "nAmAdi traNe nikSepanA svarUpamAM sAMkaryu che ane traNe vacce vilakSaNatA bhinnatA nathI.' ItyAdi pUrvapakSInuM kathana nirasta jANavuM. have, mAtra bhAvanikSepane ja vasturUpa mAnavA joIe evI zaMkA karIne cAre ya nikSepomAM vasturUpatA (= kathaMcid bhAvarUpatA)nI siddhi kare che. 1 nAmAdi cAre nikSepomAM kvacit bhAvarUpatAnI siddhi zaMkA : kAraNabhUta dravya jyAre vivakSitaparyAyathI yukta hoya che tyAre tenA dvArA kArya thaI zake che. bhAvarUpa padArtha dvArA je kArya thaI zake te tenA nAmAdi dvArA thaI zakatuM nathI. dA.ta. mRtpiDamAMthI niSpanna thayelo bhAvaghaTa jayAre jaladhArakatvAdi paryAyathI yukta hoya che tyAre tenAthI jalAharaNAdi kriyAo thaI zake che paraMtu "ghaTa' evA nAmathI, ghaTanA citrathI ke ghaTanA kAraNabhUta mRtpiDa dvArA AvI kriyA thaI zakatI nathI. tethI "ghaTa' zabdano vAcyArtha vAstavamAM to mRtpariNAmAtmaka bhAvaghaTa ja che. nAma ghaTAdi 'ghaTa' zabdanA vAcyArtha nathI. to pachI "ghaTa' zabdanA arthathI yukta "bhAvane ja vastu mAno. "bhAva" nA arthathI zUnya evA nAmAdine vastu mAnavAthI saryuM. samA. : nAma-sthApanAdi paNa vastunA (= "bhAva"nA) ja paryAyarUpa hovAthI kathaMcit bhAvarUpa che. vaLI, sAmAnyarUpe (arthAt, nAma IndranI, sthApanA IndranI ke evI koI vizeSa vivakSA vinA ja) "Indra' evuM pada bolavAmAM Ave to zrotAne nAmAdi cAreya no bodha thaI zake che. "Indra' pada sAMbhaLatA ja "Indra nAmanI koI vyakti AvI lAge che' ItyAdi rIte nAgendra viSayaka parAmarza thaI zake che. mUrti vize "A Indra che' ityAdi rIte sthApanA Indra viSayaka bodha paNa thaI zake che. marIne Indra thanAra vyakti vize "A Indra Avyo" ItyAdi rIte dravyendra viSayaka bodha paNa thaI zake che. AvI RddhivALAne Indra kahevAya? ityAdi rIte bhAvendraviSayaka bodha paNa thaI zake tema che. prazna : "Indra' padanuM uccAraNa thatA ja jo A rIte nAmAdi cAre ya nikSepano parAmarza thaI zakato hoya to pachI ahIM bhAvendranI vAta che athavA dravyendranI vAta che ItyAdi rUpa niyatavizeSabodha zI rIte thaze ? uttara : "Indra padanA zravaNathI nAmAdi cAre ya bhedono parAmarza thaI zake che ane vizeSabodha to

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2 24 jaina tarkabhASA panAparinirvRtamunidehadarzanAdbhAvollAsAnubhavAt / kevalaM nAmAditrayaM bhAvollAse'naikAntikamanAtyantikaM ca kAraNamiti aikAntikAtyantikasya bhAvasyAbhyarhitatvamanumanyante pravacanavRddhAH / etacca bhinnavastugatanAmAdyapekSayoktam / abhinnavastugatAnAM tu nAmAdInAM bhAvAvinAbhUtatvAdeva nAmAdInAM vastuparyAyatvamupapAdayati 'aviziSTe' ityAdinA - aviziSTe = abhiprAyavizeSAsambaddhatvena indrAdipada uccarite sati, uccaritamAtrameva tadindrAdivastu nAmAdibhedacatuSTayaM pratipadyate, bhedAzca paryAyA eveti vastuparyAyatvAd nAmAdayo'pi vastutAM prApnuvanti / nAmAdInAM vastutvopapAdane yuktyantaramAha 'bhAvAGgatvenaive'tyAdinA / atra bhAvapadena hRdvAlAdAdilakSaNo'nubhavo bodhyo, na tu bhAvanikSepaH / 'bhAvollAse'naikAntikamanAtyantikaM ceti' - atra bhAvollAse bhAvanikSepasyaikAntikatvAtyaMtikatvo prakaraNa (= saMdarbha) dvArA thaI jAya che. dA.ta. "koNa AvyuM ?' evA praznanA uttaramAM koI "Indra' pada bole to prakaraNa dvArA samajI zakAya che ahIM nAgendranI vAta prastuta che. citramAM rahelI AkRtivizeSane joIne koI pUche ke "A koNa che tyAre uttararUpe "Indra' pada bolatA prakaraNa dvArA jaNAya che ke ahIM sthApanA IndranI vAta che. A rIte dravya ane bhAvanikSepanA bodha aMge paNa yathAyogya jANavuM. A rIte nAmAdi traNe bhAvapadArthanA, arthAt, vastunA ja paryAyarUpa hovAthI nAmAdi traNe paNa vasturUpa che. athavA to bIjI rIte paNa nAmAdi traNa nikSepamAM vastutva mAnI zakAya che. nAma sthApanA ke dravyanikSepano upayoga bhAvanA sAdhana tarIke ja thAya che. "bhAvAMgavaeNna' padamAMnA bhAva padano artha bhAvanikSepa nathI, kintu 'bhAvollAsa' evo artha samajavo. arthAt, nAma, sthApanA ane dravyanikSepa paNa bhAvanikSepanA (smaraNAdimAM) kAraNa banavA dvArA bhAvollAsa janmAve che. A vastu anubhavasiddha che. dA.ta. koI chokarAne pUchIe ke "tAruM nAma zuM che ?" pelo kahe "jinendra ! to tarata ja e sAMbhaLatA AnaMda ane bhAvollAsa anubhavAya che ane ene sUcavatA zabdo paNa sahasA mukhamAMthI sarI paDe ke ! "oho ! bahu suMdara nAma che." (AvI pratIti thavAnuM kAraNa e che ke jinendra evuM nAma = nAmanikSepa) paNa bhAvajinanI smRti karAve che mATe hRdayamAM bhAvollAsa pragaTa thAya che.) AvI ja rIte, saumya, nirvikAritA ane nItaratI vItarAgatA jemAM spaSTa jaNAya che evI jinapratimA (= sthApanAnikSepa)ne jotA paNa anero AhlAda ane bhakti anubhavAya che ane manamAM evA zubha vicAro Ave che ke "aho ! kevI nirvikAritA ! kevI anupama saumyatA !' (AmAM paNa bhAvajina (nA svarUpa)nuM smaraNa thayeluM jaNAya che ane eTale ja hRdayamAM bhaktibhAva UbharAya che.) A rIte nirvANa pAmelA munizarIra (= dravyanikSepa)ne jotA paNa bhAvollAsa pragaTe che. "aho ! dhanya che jeoe ugra sAdhanA dvArA potAnuM kAma kADhI lIdhuM' ityAdi bhAvo hRdayamAM pragaTe che. A rIte bhAvollAsanuM kAraNa bane che mATe nAmAdi paNa vasturUpa ja che. hA, nAmAdi traNa nikSepa ane bhAvanikSepamAM eTalo pharaka jarUra paDe ke nAmAdi traNe nikSepo bhAvollAsa pragaTAvavA anaikAntika

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nikSepa pariccheda 225 - vastutvam, sarvasya vastunaH svAbhidhAnasya nAmarUpatvAt svAkArasya sthApanArUpatvAt, kAraNaktistu bAhulyakhyApakaM jJeyaM, abhavyAnAM vicitrakarmodayAdyabhibhUtAnAM hAlikakarSakAdinAM vA bhAvajinadarzane'pi bhAvollAsAnutthAnasya viparItabhAvotthAnasya vA darzanAd / ato yogyajIvAnAM bhAvollAsotthAne nAmAditrayebhyo bhAvo'dhikatarazakyatAko, nAmAditrayajanitabhAvollAse adhikotkarSajanako vA jJeyaH / eSa evAtra aikAntikAtyaMtikapadaidamparyam / / ____ ayamatrAbhiprAya: bhAvasya tAvad vasturUpatve na kAcid vipratipattiH, ato nAmAdiSu eva sA sambhavantI nirAkriyate / tatrApi bhAvasya vasturUpatve'bhyupagamyamAne tasyaiva pariNAmikAraNarUpasya dravyasya vstuane anAtyaMtika che jayAre bhAvanikSepa A bAbatamAM aikAntika ane AtyaMtika che. arthAt, nAmajinAdi traNa bhAvollAsa janmAve paNa kharA ane kyAreka emAM asaphaLa rahe jyAre bhAvajina bahudhA bhAvollAsa avazya janmAve che. mATe nAmAdi traNa nikSepo karatA abhyahita (= caDiyAto) che ema vizeSAvazyaka bhASyakArAdipravacanavRddhonuM prAcIna AcArya bhagavaMtonuM) mAnavuM che. (jo ke ema to abhavyAdi ayogya jIvo mATe to bhAvanikSepa paNa bhAvollAsanuM kAraNa nathI banatuM tethI bhAvanikSepa bhAvollAsa pragaTAvavAmAM aikAntika ane AtyaMtika che" evuM kathana asaMgata lAgaze.paraMtu ahIM tAtparyArtha eTalo ja che ke - je yogya jIvone bhAvollAsa pragaTI zake che emAM bhAvanikSepathI bhAvollAsa pragaTAvavAmAM nAmAdi traNa nikSepo karatA ghaNI adhika zakyatA che ane bhAvanikSepathI pragaTa thatA bhAvollAsamAM bahudhA nAmAdinikSepajanya bhAvollAsa karatA utkarSa paNa ghaNo hoya che. arthAt, koIne nAmAdi traNa nikSepathI bhAvollAsa pragaTe che teone bahudhA bhAvanikSepathI vizeSa adhika bhAvollAsa pragaTe che. A rIte bhAvanikSepamAM bhAvollAsane utpanna karavA aMgenI aikAntikatA ane AtyaMtikatAno artha Avo jANavo.) A rIte bhAvanA kAraNa hovA rUpe nAmAdi traNa nikSepane je vasturUpa kahyA che te sarvatra nathI. kintu bhAvanikSepa karatA bhinna vastumAM rahenArA nAmAdinikSepanI apekSAe jANavuM. (arthAtuM, "Indra' nAmavALA gopAladArakAdine paNa nAmendra kahevAya che, IndranI pratimAne sthApanA Indra kahevAya che. bhAvimAM Indra thanAra vyaktine dravyendra kahevAya che, ane devalokamAM rahelA Indrane bhAvendra kahevAya che. ahIM jaNAya che ke bhAvendra karatA bhinna evA gopAladArakAdi padArthomAM nAmendravAdi rahyuM che. tethI AvA sthaLo mATe ukta samAdhAna jANavuM.) jyAM eka ja padArthamAM nAmAdi cAre nikSepa thatA hoya tyAM AgaLa to bhAvapadArthathI avinAbhUta (= bhAvapadArthAtmaka hovAthI ja nAmAdi traNe vasturUpa che. prazna : nAmAdi cAre ya nikSepo eka ja vastumAM zI rIte saMbhave ? uttara : dareka padArthanuM potAnuM nAma e ja to teno nAmanikSepa che, dareka vastuno potAno AkAra e tenI sthApanAnikSepa che. dareka vastu potAnA uttara paryAyonI utpattimAM kAraNa bane che mATe te dareka vastuomAM rahelI svottaraparyAyonI kAraNatA e teno dravyanikSepa che ane te te paryAyarUpe (= kAryarUpe) pariNata thayeluM vastunuM svarUpa e teno bhAvanikSepa che. tAtparya : bhAvanikSepa vasturUpa che emAM to koI vivAda nathI. je zaMkA che te mAtra nAmAdi traNa

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2 26 jaina tarkabhASA tAyAzca dravyarUpatvAt, kAryApannasya ca svasya bhAvarUpatvAt / yadi ca ghaTanAma ghaTadharmo na bhavettadA tatastatsampratyayo na syAt, tasya svApRthagbhUtasambandhanimittakatvAditi sarvaM nAmAtmakarUpatvamarthApattyaiva siddhyati / na hi avastu vasturUpatayA kadAcidApi pariNamate, zazazRGgAdikasyApi kadAcitpariNatiprasaGgAt / ato nAmasthApanayoreva vastutvasthApanamavaziSTam / yathA khalu bhAvendra indrapadavAcyastathaiva gopAladArako'pi indrasthApanA'pi ca, 'arthAbhidhAnapratyayAnAM tulyanAmadheyatva'niyamAt / ataH siddhaM, nAmAkArayorapi vastuparyAyatA, tvaM vastuparyAyatvena bhAvAvinAbhUtatvam, tenaiva ca vastutvamiti sarva sustham / nAmAdInAM bhAvavastunA saha dharmadharmibhAve siddhe satyeva tadAkSiptasambandhavizeSabalAdvastutvasiddhirititayordharmadharmibhAvamupapAdayati 'yadi ca ghaTanAm'ityAdinA / etaduktaM bhavati nAma vastunaH svarUpaM, tatpratItihetutvAt svadharmavat, yo yasya pratItihetuH sa tasya dharmaH, yathA ghaTasya svadharmA rupAdayAH, yo yasya dharmo na bhavati na sa tadIyapratItihetuH yathA ghaTasya dharmAH paTasya, jAyate ca ghaTAbhidhAnAd ghaTaviSayakapratItiH nikSepone vasturUpa mAnavA aMge ja che. 'bhAvane vasturUpa mAno eTale tenA pariNAmI kAraNa evA dravyane paNa vasturUpa mAnavamAM koI zaMkA rahetI nathI. mRtpiDa ghaDArUpe pariNata thAya che. Ane bhAvaghaTa kahevAya che ane mRtpiDane dravyaghaTa kahevAya che. A bhAvaghaTa jo vasturUpa hoya to je mRtpiDa bhAvaghaTa rUpe (= vasturUpe) pariName che te mRtpiDa (= dravyaghaTa)ne paNa avazya vasturUpa ja mAnavo paDe kAraNa ke avastu kyAreya vasturUpe pariNamI zake nahIM tethI have mAtra nAma-sthApanA nikSepone vastu mAnavAmAM ja zaMkA UbhI rahI. emAM paNa Indra nAmanA daridra bALakane nAmendra kahIe ke kAi athavA pattharanI indrapratimAne sthApanA Indra kahIe tyAre tene vasturUpa mAnavA aMge prazna ubho thAya ke bhAva Indra karatA sAva bhinna dekhAya che. mATe AvA bhinna vastumAM rahelA nAma-sthApanAne to bhAvollAsanA kAraNa hovAthI vasturUpe siddha karI dIdhA. paraMtu eka ja vastumAM rahelA nAma-sthApanA to bhAvathI (= vastuthI) ja kathaMcit abhinna che ane mATe vasturUpa che. jema bhAvaghaTane ghaTa kahevAya che tema "ghaTa' padane paNa ghaTa kahevAya che mATe vasturUpa che. jema bhAvaghaTane ghaTa kahevAya che tema "ghaTa' padane paNa ghaTa kahevAya che mATe "ghaTa' nAma paNa vastu che. AkAra paNa ghaTamAM pratIta thAya che mATe e paNa vastu che. (nAmAdi traNa to bhAvathI kathaMcit abhinna che ane mATe vasturUpa che. jyAre bhAvapadArtha pote to sAkSAt bhAvarUpa che mATe ja vasturUpa che. nAmAdi traNa karatA bhAvanI A vizeSatA jaNAvavA mATe 'ApatrI 2 svaca' ahIM "sva" pada vAparyuM che.) zaMkA : bhAvapadArtha sAthe nAmAdi traNeno jo dharmadharmabhAva siddha thAya to e banne vacce kathaMcit abheda hovAthI bhAvanI jema nAmAdi traNamAM paNa vastunI siddhi thaI. paraMtu nAmAdi traNeno bhAvapadArtha sAthe dharmadharmIbhAva ja kyAM siddha thayo che. samA. : nAmAdi traNeno bhAvapadArtha sAthe je dharmadharmAbhAva che tenI siddhi A rIte thAya che. "ghaTa' nAma bolavAthI paTAdinA vyavacchedapUrvaka ghaTa padArthanI ja pratIti thAya che. je jenI pratItino hetu hoya te teno dharma kahevAya. jema ke ghaTarUpa ghaTanI pratItimAM hetu che to ghaTarUpa e ghaTano dharma che.

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nikSepa pariccheda meSTavyam / sAkAraM ca sarvaM mati-zabda-ghaTAdInAmAkAravattvAta, nIlAkArasaMsthAnavizeSAdInAmAkArANAmanubhavasiddhatvAt / dravyAtmakaM ca sarvaM, utphaNaviphaNakuNDalitAkArasamanvitasarpavat tatastat tasya dharmaH, iti nirAkRtA asiddhatvazaGkA, ghaTazabdAt, paTAdivyavacchedena 'ghaTa' iti pratipatteranubhavasiddhatvAt / ghaTanAmato ghaTapratIteH svApRthagbhUtasambhandhanimittakatvAt siddhaM ghaTanAma ghaTadharma iti / sthApanAyA bhAvAvinAbhUtatvamupapAdayati 'sAkAraM ca sarva'mityAdinA - nanu matezca jJAnarUpatvAt tasya cAmUrtatvAtkathaM sAkAratA ? amUrtatvasAkAratvayoH virodhAditi cet, na, yathA hyamUrtasyApi Atmadravyasya mUrtazarIrAbhinnatvAt zarIrAkAratA tadvajjJeyAkAragrahaNapariNatatvAdAkAravatI matiH svIkriyate / tadanAkAravattve tu 'nIlasyedaM saMvedanaM na pItAderi'ti naiyatyaM na syAd niyAmakAbhAvAt / nIlAdyAkAro hi niyAmakaH, tadantarA 'nIlagrAhiNIyaM matiH, na pItAdigrAhiNI' iti vyavasthApanaM durghaTam, vizeSAbhAvAt / tasmAdAkAravatI eva matirabhyupagantavyA / kiJca, amUrtatvasAkAratvayoH virodho'pi na ghaTate, muktAvasthAyAM zarIravinirmukte'pi zuddhAtmadravye saMsthAnavizeSasya Agame pratipAditatvAditi yatkiJcidetat / zabdo'pi AkAravAneva, paudgalikatvAdeva tatra sAkAratvasiddheH, paudgalikatvaM ca tasya pUrva sAdhitameva / ghaTAdikaM vastu hi AkAravattvena pratyakSasiddhameva / tasmAda yadasti tata sarvaM AkAramayameva, tema ahIM "ghaTa' nAma paNa paTAdinA vyavacchedapUrvaka ghaTanI pratItimAM hetu hovAthI ghaTano dharma che. ghaTanI pratIti ghaTapada ane ghaTapadArtha vaccenA vAcya-vAcakabhAva saMbaMdhanA nimitte thAya che ane A saMbaMdha ghaTanAma ane ghaTapadArthathI apRthabhUta che. tAtparya H ghaTanAma e ghaTapadArthano dharma che eTaluM siddha thatA ja e be vacce kathaMcit abheda siddha thAya che. kAraNa ke dharma-dharmI vacce abheda che ane saMbaMdha-saMbaMdhi vacce paNa kathaMcit abheda che tethI saMbaMdha paNa ghaTapada ane ghaTa padArthathI kathaMcit abhinna che. A rIte nAmano bhAvapadArtha sAthe saMbaMdha siddha karyo. have sthApanAno bhAvapadArtha sAthe saMbaMdha siddha kare che. jagatamAM je che te badhu AkArayukta ja che. jJAna, zabda, ghaTAdi paNa AkAravAnuM che. te A rItejJAna pote joyAkArarUpe pariNata thayela hovAthI viSayAkArarUpa ja hoya che. jo jJAnamAM joyAkAra na mAno to A jJAna amuka viSayanuM ja che, amukanuM nahIM evuM niyamana zAnA AdhAre thAya? jJAnanI zeyAkArarUpe pariNati ja AvuM niyamana karanAra niyAmaka che. zabda paNa paudgalika che eTale eno paNa AkAra hoya ja. AkAravALA varSo jyAre amuka kramathI Ave. dA.ta. "du' pachI , pachI 8, pachI nuM uccAraNa kramathI thAya to "paTa' padano eka AkAra pragaTa thAya che. "paTa' Adi padomAM varNakrama anya rIte che tethI tenA AkAra paNa anya rIte che. A ja rIte vAcya evA padArthonA paNa amuka AkAra hoya che je pratyakSasiddha che. vastu ane tenA AkAra vacce atyaMta bheda na hovAthI vastunI jema teno AkAra paNa vasturUpa ja che. A ja rIte jagatanI tamAma vastuo dravyAtmaka che. te A rIte -

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228 jaina takabhASA vikArarahitasyAvirbhAvatirobhAvamAtrapariNAmasya dravyasyaiva sarvatra sarvadAnubhavAt / bhAvAtmakaM ca sarvaM parAparakAryakSaNasantAnAtmakasyaiva tasyAnubhavAditi catuSTayAtmakaM jagaditi nAmAdinayasamudayavAdaH / yattvanAkAraM tannAstyeva vandhyAputrAdikalpatvAttasya / azeSapadArthasArthasya dravyAtmakatvaM vyavasthApayati 'dravyAtmakaM ca sarva'mityAdinA - yathA hi utphaNaviphaNAdayo na sAttattvAntaraM, tathA paryAyA api dravyameveti dravyAtmakaM sarvamiti hi dravyArthikanayavaktavyaM jJeyaM / sakalasya vastustomasya bhAvAtmakatvamupapAdayati 'bhAvAtmakaM ce'tyAdinA yena kenApi paryAyAtmanaivA vastuno jJAyamAnatvAt, tattatkSaNabhAviparyAyaparamparAlakSaNameva vastvabhidhIyate'taH siddhaM bhAvAtmakaM jagattrayam / 'santAnAtmakasyaive'tyatra evakAropAdAnaM paryAyArthikanayamAzritya bodhyam / / svatantraM nAmAdinayavaktavyatAmabhidhAya tatsApekSatAmavalambya Aha 'catuSTayAtmakaM jagaditi' - ghaTapaTAdikaM yatkimapi vastvasti loke tatsarvaM pratyekameva nizcitaM catuSparyAyam / anena nikSepacatuSTayasya sarvavyApakatvaM sUcitaM, yaduktamAgame - 'jattha ya jaM jANejjA nikkhevaM nikkhive niravasesaM, jattha vi ya na jANejjA caukkayaM nikkhive tattha' (anuyogadvAra sUtra 7) / sarvasya vastunazcatuSTayAtmakatvoktireva khalu pramANavIthimavatarati, na punaryathA nAmAdinayAH prAhuH-yathA kevalanAmamayaM vA, kevalAkArarUpaM vA, kevaladravyatAzliSTaM vA, kevalabhAvAtmakaM vA sarvaM / atrAyaM prayogaH 'yat zabdArthabuddhipariNAmavat tat sarvaM catuSTayAtmakaM, catuSTayAtmakatvAbhAve zabdAdipariNAmasadbhAvo'pi na dRSTaH, yathA zazazRGge, tasmAcchabdAdipariNAmasadbhAve sarvatra catuSTayAtmakatvaM jagatamAM je koI vastuo che te badhI eka anugata AkAravALI rahe che mATe te dravyAtmaka ja che. jema ke sarparUpa dravya kyAreka UMcI prasArelI phaNAvALo hoya che, kyAreka saMkocAyelI phaNAvALo hoya che to ya kyAreka kuMDalita AkAravALo (goLAkAravALo) hoya che. paNa A dareka avasthAomAM sarpa to anugata che. sarpadravyane AzrayIne je A paryAyo jaNAya che. te paNa kAMI navA utpanna nathI thatA ke nAza paNa nathI pAmatA. kintu sarpadravyamAM temanA mAtra AvirbhAva-tirobhAva thayA kare che. AvuM ja dareka dravya mATe jANavuM. dareka dravyamAM paryAyonA AvirbhAva-tirobhAva thayA kare che paNa navuM kazuM utpanna thatuM nathI kAraNa ke dravya to vikArarahita che ane te mULa dravya to dareka avasthAmAM anugata rahetuM dekhAya che mATe jagatanI tamAma vastuo dravyAtmaka che. jagatanI tamAma vastuo bhAvAtmaka che - kAraNa ke jyAre paNa koI vastu jaNAya te koIne koI paryAyarUpe ja jaNAya che. arthAt, vastu (kSaNa) mAM thanArA te-te kAryo (paryAyo) nI paraMparA rUpe ja dareka vastu jaNAya che. dareka vastu jyAre paryAyonI eka saLaMga paraMparA rUpa che tyAre te vastu koIne koI 1. yatra ca yAn jAnIyAt nikSepAn nikSipennivarazeSAn / yatrApi ca na jAnIyAccatuSkakaM nikSipettatra /

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2 29 nikSepa pariccheda 2. nikSepALa navu yoganA | atha nAmAdinikSepA nayaiH saha yojyante / tatra nAmAditrayaM dravyAstikanayasyaivAbhimatam, paryAyAstikanayasya ca bhAva eva / Adyasya bhedau saGgrahavyavahArau, naigamasya yathAkramaM sAmAnyagrAhiNo vizeSagrAhiNazca anayorevAntarbhAvAt / RjusUtrAdayazca catvAro dvitIyasya bhedA ityAcAryasiddhasenamatAnusAreNAbhihitaM jinabhadragaNikSamAzramaNapUjyapAdaiH - 1"nAmAitiyaM davvaTThiyasya bhAvo a pajjavaNayassa / saMpAdavavArA padamAsa esA 3 yarasa T" (71). ityAdinA vizeSAvazyake / svamate tu namaskAranikSepavicArasthale - "mAvaM viya sagayAM temAM phucchatti sarvALiyeve" (2847) iti vacasA trayo'pi zabdanayAH zuddhatvAdbhAvamevecchanti RjusUtrAdayastu catvArazcaturo'pi nizcitamiti bhAvaH / ayambhAva:- anyonyasaMvalitanAmAdicatuSTayAtmaka eva vastuni ghaTAdizabdasya tadabhidhAyakatvena pariNatirdRSTA, arthasyApi pRthubunodarAkArasya nAmAdicatuSTayAtmakatayaiva pariNAmaH samupalabdhaH, buddherapi tadAkAragrahaNarUpatayA pariNatistadAtmanyeva vastunyavalokitA / na cedaM darzanaM bhrAntaM, bAdhakAbhAvAd / paryAyarUpe (bhAvarUpe) ja jaNAya e spaSTa che. Ama samagra jagatu nAma-sthApanA-dravya-bhAva ema catuSTayAtmaka che e vAta siddha thAya che. jagatane "catuTyAtmaka kahevA dvArA e vAta paNa spaSTa karAI che ke nAmAdi nayo svataMtrapaNe je kahe che ke badhI vastuo mAtra nAmamaya che, ke mAtra AkAramaya che... ItyAdi te vAta saMpUrNa satya nathI. dareka vastu nAmAdicatuSTayAtmaka che ja e vAta siddha thAya che. (AnI vizeSa samaja mATe vizeSAvazyakabhASyanA 73mA zlokanI TIkA jovI) A rIte nAmAdi nayono samudayavAda (daraka vastu nAmAdi cAreyanA samudAyarUpa che evo vAda) pUrNa thayo. have nAmAdi nikSeponI sAta no sAthe yojanA kare che. * nikSeponI nayo sAthe yojanA ja dravyAstika nayo nAma-sthApanA ane dravya e traNa nikSepo mAne che. jyAre paryAyAstika nayo mAtra bhAvanikSepane ja mAne che. ahIM mAtra saMgraha ane vyavahAra A be nayone ja dravyAstika naya tarIke lIdhA che. naigamanaya jyAre sAmAnyagrAhI haze tyAre saMgrahanayamAM teno samAveza thaI jaze ane jyAre te vizeSagrAhI haze tyAre teno vyavahAranayamAM samAveza thaI jaze. mATe ahIM tene judo gaNyo nathI. RjusUtra-zabda-samabhirUDha ane evaMbhUta e cAre ya no paryAyAstika naya che. dravyAstika-paryAyAstikanA be ane cAra evA je vibhAga pADyA che te AcAryazrIsiddhasenadivAkarasUrimahArAjanA mata pramANe ja 1. nAmAditrayaM dravyArthikasya bhAvazca paryAyanayasya, saGgrahavyavahArau prathamakasya zeSAstvitarasya /

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230. jaina takabhASA nikSepAnicchanti avizuddhatvAdityuktam / 'RjusUtro nAmabhAvanikSepAvevecchatItyanye; tanna; RjusUtreNa dravyAbhyupagamasya sUtrAbhihitatvAt, pRthaktvAbhyupagamasya paraM nissedhaat| tathA ca sUtram darzanAdarzanakRto hi nizcayo'taH ekatvapariNatyApannanAmAdibhedeSveva zabdAdipariNatidarzanAt sarvaM catuSparyAyaM vastviti sthitamiti khalu bhASyakAroktyanusAriNI dig / pramANavAkyasya sakalAdezarUpatayA sarvaM vastu catuSparyAyamiti hi pramANavAdaH / nayAnAM tu vikalAdezasvAbhAvyAnnAzeSanayA azeSanikSepAnicchanti ityataH ko nikSepaH kasya nayasya viSayavIthyAmavataratItijijJAsAvinivRttaye nikSepANAM nayaiH saha saMvedhamAracayannAha 'athe'tyAdinA / zabdanayAstu zuddhatvAd bhAvamevecchanti, RjusUtrAdayastu catvArazcaturo'pi nikSepAnicchantI'ti - 'jAtyAkRtiviziSTavyaktAveva zabdArthatvamiti zabdanayA eva manyante naigamAdayastu RjusUtrAntAH api etanmanvate navaraM avadhAraNaM tatra niSidhyate, kevalAyAmAkRtau nAmni vA kevale'pi zabdArthatvAbhyupagantRtvAt teSAmityapi paryAlocayAmaH / tathA ca 'RjusUtrAdaya' ityatra AdipadoktiH pazcAnupUrvyA vyAkhyeyA / tathA ca vyavahArasaMgrahanegamAnAM AdipadagrAhyatvaM bodhyam / 'naigamAdaya' ityevaM vaktavye sati yadevamabhidhAnaM tad RjusUtrasya dravyArthikatvaspaSTapratipattaye / nanu naigamAdibhirnAmAdicatuSTayAbhyupagame teSAM dravyArthikatvahAniH syAt, dravyamAtrAbhyupagamaparatvAd dravyArthikasya / na ca 'dravyaM pradhAnatayA, paryAyaM ca gauNatayA manvAno dravyArthiko'pi bhAvanikSepasaha' iti vAcyam, itthaM sati paryAyaM pradhAnatayA dravyaM ca gauNatayA manvAnAnAM zabdanayAnAmapi dravyanikSepasahatvaM syAt / tathA ca 'bhAvaM ciya saddanayA' ityAdi bhaassyoktvyvsthaaviplvprsNgaazrIjinabhadragaNikSamAzramaNe vizeSAvazyakabhASyamAM kahyuM che. vizeSAvazyakabhASyanA zlokamAM zrIjinabhadragaNikSamAzramaNe AcAryazrI siddhasena divAkarasUrinA mata pramANe kahyuM che ke - dravyAstika naya nAmAdi traNa nikSepone mAne che jyAre paryAyAstikanaya mAtra bhAvanikSepane mAne che. saMgraha ane vyavahAra e be dravyAstikanayanA bheda che. jyAre zeSa RjusUtrAdi cAra no paryAyAstika nayanA bhedo che." zrIjinabhadragaNikSamAzramaNe potAno abhiprAya vizeSAvazyakabhASya granthanA 2847mA zlokamAM namaskAranA nikSepano vicAra karatI vakhate jaNAvyo che - "zabda nayo (zabda-samabhirUDha-evaMbhUta) mAtra bhAvanikSepane mAne che jyAre zeSa nayo (= naigama-saMgraha-vyavahAra-RjusUtra nayo) cAre ya nikSepone mAne che.' traNe zabdanayo, zuddha hovAthI mAtra bhAvanikSepane mAne che ane zeSa nayo avizuddha hovAthI cAreya nikSepone mAne che ema kahevAyuM che. eTale ke temanA mate RjusUtra naya dravyArthika che. jha RjusUvanaya mate nikSepa caturka sthApana * RjusUtranaya nAmanikSepa ane bhAvanikSepane ja mAne che evuM keTalAka bIjAo kahe che paraMtu teonI vAta AgamaviparIta che kAraNa ke zrIanuyogadvArasUtramAM "RjusUtranaya paNa dravyane svIkAre che evuM kahevAyuM cha. &l, Paa naya pRthatva (= ane dravyAvazyaDo) bhAnato nathI' bheTaj 53. sA pAtanI

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231 nipapariccheda - "'ujjusuassa ege aNuvautte Agamao egaM davvAvassayaM, pahuttaM necchai ti" (anuyo0sU0 14) / kathaM cAyaM piNDAvasthAyAM suvarNAdidravyamanAkAraM bhaviSyatkuNDalAdiparyAyalakSaNabhAvaditi cet, atrocyate, - avizuddhAnAM naigamAdibhedAnAM nAmAditrayAbhyupagamamAtrapravaNatve'pi vizuddhanaigamAdibhedasya dravyavizeSaNatayA paryAyAbhyupagamAnna tatra bhAvanikSepAnupapattiH / na caivaM paryAyArthikatvApattiH, itarAvizeSaNatvarUpaprAdhAnyena paryAyAnabhyupagamAt / zabdAdInAM paryAyArthikanayAnAM tu naigamAdivadavizuddhyabhAvAnna nAmAditrayAbhyupagantRtvam / ata eva 'jIvo vA sAmAyikaM guNo vA sAmAyikamiti cintAyAmAha bhagavAn bhadrabAhuH "jIvo guNapaDivanno Nayassa dabaTThiyasya sAmAiyaM, so ceva pajjavaNayaTThiyassa jIvassa esa guNo' (Ava.niryu.gAthA 792) dravyArthikena dravyavizeSaNatayA paryAyAbhyupagamapareNa samyaktvAdiguNapratipannajIvadravyameva sAmAyikamabhihitaM, paryAyArthikena guNaH sAmAyikamabhihitam / na ca itaravizeSaNatayA'pi paryAyAbhyugame 'dravyAbhyupagamaparatayA dravyArthikaH naigamAdiH paryAyAbhyupagamaparatayA ca paryAyArthikaH zabdAdirityevaM yo vibhAgaH tadvyAghAtaH syAditi vAcyam, dravyabhinnasya paryAyasya naigamAdinA kalpitasyaiva svIkArAdavAstavatadviSayatvaM tu noktavibhAgavyAghAtakRditi prapaJcitaM nayarahasye / etaduktaM bhavati paryAyAbhyupagamamAtratayA na dravyArthikatvasya dravyAbhyupagamamAtratayA paryAyArthikatvasya vyAhatistanmAtrasya taddhAniprayojakatvAd, anupacaritatadabhyupagama eva taddhAniprayojakaH / dravye vizeSaNatayA paryAyamabhyupagacchannapi dravyArthiko na vAstavaM dravyabhinnaM kaJcana paryAyamicchati dravyavyatirekeNa tadanavagamAt, dravyabhinnaparyAyapratItimapi citre nimnonnatAdibhinnapratItivad bhrAntirUpaiva manvate iti dik / ujjusuassa - tadvyAkhyA ceyam - RjusUtro hi prAgniruktArtho vartamAnakAlabhAvyeva vastvabhyupagacchati, nAtItaM vinaSTatvAt, nApyanAgatamanutpannatvAt / vartamAnamapi svakIyameva manyate svakAryasAdhakatvAt sAkSI rUpe zrIanuyogadvAranuM sUtra apAyuM che. enA parathI A vAta vadhu spaSTa thAya che. "RjusUtranaya mate devadattAdi eka anupayukta puruSarUpa eka ja AgamathI dravyozyaka che. A naya pRthakatva (anekatA) mAnato nathI.' vizeSArtha : zrI anuyogadvAra sUtramAM dravyanikSepanA be bheda batAvAyA che. Agamata dravyanikSepa ane noAgamataH dravyanikSepa. padArthanA jJAnane ahIM "Agama' kahevAya che. padArthajJAnanA abhAvane noAgama kahevAya che. je puruSa "Avazyaka'no jJAtA hoya paNa atyAre temAM teno upayoga nathI to AvA jJAtA anupayukta puruSane AgamataH dravyAvazyaka kahevAya che. (ahIM Avazyaka padArthanuM jJAna kSayopazama rUpe e mAtmAmA 2(che bhATe 'mAgama' upAya bhane upayoga nathI bhATe 'aNuvaogo davvaM' se sUtra prbhaae| dravya kahevAya che.) RjusUtra naya mAtra vartamAnakAlIna ane svakIya vastune ja mAne che mATe A naya to kahe che ke jagatumAM anupayukta-jJAtA devadattAdi rUpa eka ja AgamataH dravyAvazyaka che. (A naya 1. RjusUtrasyaiko'nupayukta Agamata ekaM dravyAvazyakam, pRthaktvaM necchatIti / / 2. jIvo guNapratipanno nayasya dravyArthikasya sAmAyikaM, sa eva paryAyanayasya jIvasyaiSa guNaH / /

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232 jaina tarkabhASA hetutvenAbhyupagacchan viziSTendrAdyabhilApahetubhUtAM sAkAramindrAdisthApanAM necchet ?, na hi dRSTe'nupapannaM nAmeti / kiJca, indrAdisaJjJAmAtraM tadartharahitamindrAdizabdavAcyaM vA nAmecchan ayaM bhAvakAraNatvAvizeSAt kuto nAmasthApane necchet ? / pratyuta sutarAM tadabhyupagamo nyaayyH| svadhanavat, parakIyaM tu necchati svakAryAprasAdhakatvAt paradhanavat / tasmAdeko devadattAdiranupayukto'sya mate Agamata ekaM dravyAvazyakamasti, 'puhattaM necchai tti' atItAnAgatabhedataH parakIyabhedatazca pRthaktvaM = pArthakyaM necchatyasau / kiM tarhi ? vartamAnakAlikaM svagatameva cAbhyupaiti taccaikameveti bhAvaH / itthaM ca RjusUtrasya dravyanikSepAbhyupagama AgamavacanaprAmANyAtsphuTIkRtaH / atha sthApanAbhyupagantRtvaM vyavasthApayannAha 'kathaM ce'tyAdinA - ayaM bhAvaH - yo hyanAkAramapi bhAvahetutvAd dravyamicchati RjusUtraH, sa sAkArAmapi viziSTendrAdibhAvahetutvAt sthApanAM kimiti necchet ? bhAvahetutvAvizeSAt, pratyuta sAmAnyataH sAkArasya abhilApahetutve'dhikaupayikatayA sutarAM tAmicchedeva, nAtra saMzayalezo'pi vidyate / ___ upapattyantareNApi dravyasthApanAbhyupagantRtvamasya vyavasthApayati 'kiJce'tyAdinA - nAmAbhyupagantRtvaM nAma nirvivAdameva RjusUtrasya / tacca nAma indrAdisaJjJAmAtraM vA bhavet, indrArtharahitaM vA gopAladArakAdi vastu bhavediti dvayI gatiH / idaM cobhayarUpamapi nAma bhAvakAraNamiti kRtvA icchannasau RjusUtro dravyasthApane kathaM necchet ? bhAvakAraNatvAvizeSAditi bhAvaH / atha indrAdikaM nAma bhAvendre'pi sannihitamatastadicchatIti cet, jAtastarhi jayajayAravo'smAkam, dravyasthApane'pi bhAvendrasya Asannatarau hetU, zabdastu tannAmalakSaNo bAhyatara iti / ayaM bhAvaH indramUrtilakSaNaM dravyaM, viziSTatadAkArarUpA tu sthApanA / ete dve api indraparyAyasya sannihitatare, tAdAtmyenAvasthitatvAt, zabdastu nAmalakSaNo bAhyataro, vAcyavAcakabhAvasambandhamAtreNaiva sthita vartamAnakAlIna ane svakIya vastune ja mAne che mATe yajJadattAdi rUpa dravyAvazyaka, je devadatta mATe parakIya che tene A naya mAnato nathI. mATe A naya pramANe AgamataH dravyAvazyaka eka ja che. AnA parathI siddha thAya che ke RjusUtranaya dravyanikSepane paNa mAne che ane temAM pRthakta(anekatA) mAnato nathI. RjusUtranayamate dravyanikSepa siddha thayA pachI sthApanAnikSepa paNa avazya svIkArya banI jAya che. piMDa avasthAmAM (lagaDI rUpe) rahela suvarNa, kuMDalAdinA AkArathI rahita che chatAM paNa RjusUtranaya AvA suvarNane dravyakuMDala mAne che kAraNa ke AvuM suvarNa paNa kuMDalAdirUpa paryAya (= bhAva) no hetu che. jo kaMDalanA AkAra rahita evA suvarNane paNa RjusUtranaya mAnI zakato hoya to pachI IndrAdino AkAra jemAM cha mevI IndrAhinI pratimA (= sthApana) ne te ma na mAne ? arthAt, mAne 4 ! vaLI, piMDa avasthAmAM rahela suvarNane vize 'kuMDalAdino zabdaprayoga paNa thato nathI jyAre IndrAdinI sthApanA vize to "IndrAdi' zabdono prayoga paNa thAya che. jo nirAkAra evA suvarNane bhaviSyanA kuMDalA paryAyanA hetu hovAnA kAraNe RjusUtranaya mAnato hoya to pachI "Indra vagere rUpa viziSTa zabdaprayogamAM hetubhUta evI sAkAra sthApanAne A naya kema na mAne ? arthAt, mAne ja. IndrAdinI pratimA sAkAra

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nikSepa pariccheda 233 indramartilakSaNadravya-viziSTatadAkArarUpasthApanayorindraparyAyarUpe bhAve tAdAtmyasambandhenAvasthitatvAttatra vAcyavAcakabhAvasambandhena sambaddhAnnAmno'pekSayA sannihitatarakAraNatvAt / saGgrahatvAt / ato bhAvasannihitatvAt nAmanikSepamicchannRjusUtro dravyasthApane sannihitataratvAt sutarAmicchediti bhAvaH / itthaJca vyavasthApite nAmAdicatuSTayAbhyupagame RjusUtrasya, tasya paryAyArthikatvavAdinAM mate pUrvoktAnuyogadvArasUtravirodha Apatad draSTavyaH / RjusUtrasya paryAyArthikatvaM samarthayadbhizcaitatsUtravirodha evaM nivAryate - 'puhuttaM necchai tti' = atItAnAgataparakIyabhedarUpaM pRthaktvaM necchati RjusUtra ityevamartho boddhavyaH / nanu tathApi 'ujjusUassa egaM davvAvassayaM' ityatratyadravyapadaM kathaM samAdheyamiti cet, tat samAdhIyate, samAhitacetA bhavatu, mA tvariSThAH / atha uktasUtrasya pUrvArdhA vicAryate - dravyapadapravRttizca samayaparibhASAyAM tridhA vartateaprAdhAnyArthe, kAraNatAyAM, anupayoge cetyuktaM prAg / parakIyavastutve ca svakAryakaraNasAmarthyavaikalyAdapradhAnameva tacca RjusUtro necchatIti na kasyApi vivAdaH / atItamanAgatamapi vastu vastuto'vastveveti tanmatamapi ubhayasammatameva / ataH asadbhUto bhUto bhaviSyan vA paryAyaH RjusUtramate / ataH asadbhUtabhAviparyAyakAraNatvarUpaM dravyanikSepaM 'bhUtasya bhAvino vA kAraNaM tu yalloke' ityAdinA prAgnirUpitazabdArthaM ayaM necchatItyatrApi ko vivAda AvayoH ? ataH kAraNatArthakamaprAdhAnyArthakaM vA dravyapadaM RjusUtrastAvanecchati iti siddhaM / atha avaziSTaM anupayogArthakaM tad vicAryate / vartamAne AvazyakaparyAye'nupayogo yadi vartate tadA tadanupayogAMzamAdAyaiva 'aNuvaogo davvamiti kRtvA labdhaprasarA dravyapadapravRttistatra jJeyA / evambhUtA ca dravyapadapravRttirupacaritA evAto na kazcidvirodha iti parihAraH / etacca na samIcInaM bhAti yato nAmAdinikSepatrayavadanupacaritadravyanikSepapradarzanaparamevoktasUtraM / kiM pramANamiti cet, sUtraprastAva eva, tathAhi dravyAvazyakavicAre prakrAnte'nuyogadvArasUtre'zeSanayaistadvicAritaM, tatra naigame tAvad ekaM vA dve vA, trINi vA yAvad yAvanto'nupayuktA devadattAdayaste sarve'pi dravyAvazyakatvena nirdiSTA tadanu eva ca dRzyate 'ujjusUassa' ityAdi che ane IndrAdi svarUpa viziSTa abhilApamAM hetubhUta che e vAta to pratyakSasiddha che ane je vAta pratyakSa hoya temAM koI asaMgati hoI zake nahIM. hajI bIjI rIte paNa tarka ApIne RjusUtranaya dravya ane sthApanA nikSepane mAne che e vAta spaSTa kare che. - RjusUtranaya nAmanikSepane svIkAre che e vAta to badhA ja svIkAre che. nAmanikSepa be rIte che. "Indra evo zabda paNa nAmendra kahevAya che ane IndranA mukhyArthathI rahita gopAladAraka Adi jenuM "Indra' evuM nAma hoya, te vyaktine paNa nAgendra kahevAya che. RjusUtra nAmanikSepane mAne che kAraNa ke nAma e bhAvanuM (bhAvollAsanuM kAraNa che. A tarka to sthApanA ane dravyanikSepamAM paNa samAna ja che. kAraNa ke jema "Indra' nAma sAMbhaLatA bhAvollAsa pragaTa thAya che tema IndranI pratimA ke AkAra jotA paNa bhAvollAsa pragaTa thAya che tethI nAmanikSepa jo RjusUtra svIkArato hoya to pachI dravya ane sthApanA nikSepane kema na svIkAre ? arthAt, sutarAM svIkAre. bIjI e vAta paNa samajavA

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234 jaina takabhASA vyavahArau sthApanAvarjAstrInikSepAnicchata iti kecit tannAnavadyaM, yataH saGgrahiko'saGagrahisUtropanipAto'tastatrApi anupacaritameva dravyanikSepAbhyupagantRtvaM RjusUtrasyAbhyupagantavyamanyathA naigamAdinApi upacaritameva dravyamabhyupagamyate iti svIkAryaM syAt, samAnaprastAve'bhihitatvAt, tacca neSTaM, anAgamikatvAt / ataH 'samAnaprastAvapatito'pi naigamAderdravyAbhyupagamo'nupacarita RjusUtrasya tUpacarita' ityardhajaratIyaM parityajya yathAgamameva bhAvyam / kiJca, yadhupacArata eva RjusUtrasya dravyAbhyupagamo tatrAbhipretaH syAttadA kimaparAddhaM zabdAdinayaiH ? tatrApi bhavaduktayuktyA upacarito dravyAbhyupagamo darzitaH syAt kintu naivaM vartate, tatsUtre eva 'tiNhaM saddanayANaM jANae aNuvautte avatthu... tamhA Natthi Agamao davvAvassayami'tyAdinA dravyAbhyupagamasya spaSTaM niSiddhatvAt / itthaM ca RjusUtrasya paryAyArthikatvavAdimate uktasUtravirodhavyAdhiradyApi anupazAntaiveti dig / RjusUtrasya nikSepacatuSTayAbhyupagantRtvaM prasAdhya saGgrahavyavahArayorapi tatsAdhayan paropanyastaM conmUlayannAha 'tannAnavadyamiti - iha saGgrahikA'saGgrahikaH sampUrNo vA naigamastAvad nirvivAdaM sthApanAmicchatyeva / tatra saGgrahiko nAma saGgrahamatAvalambI sAmAnyavAdItyarthaH, asaGgrahikastu vyavahAranayamataziSyatvaM bhajan, vizeSavAdItyarthaH, sampUrNastu samudita, ubhayavAdItyarthaH / tatazca yadi saGgrahikaH sthApanAmicchati tarhi tatsamAnamatatayA saGgraho'pi kimiti sthApanAM necchet ? icchedevetyarthaH / yadi cAsaGgrahikastAmicchati tarhi tadaviziSTatvena vyavahAro'pi sthApanAmicchedeva / atha sampUrNo naigamaH sthApanAmicchati, na tu saGgrahiko'saGgrahiko veti pakSastarhi nirapekSayoH saGgrahavyavahArayormA bhUt sthApanAbhyupagamaH, samuditayostayoH paripUrNanaigamarUpatvAt tadabhyupagamaH kena vAryate ? ayambhAvaH sAmAnyAbhyupagamAkhyasya naigamaikabhAgasya saGgraheNa, vizeSAbhyupagamAkhyasya ca naigamaikabhAgasya vyavahAreNA''zrayaNAdanyonyanairapekSyeNa tAbhyAm svatantranayatvabhajane'pi samuditayostayoH paripUrNanaigamarUpatvaM / evaM ca saGgrahavyavahArau naigamAntarbhUtAveva / tathA ca naigamasya jevI che ke "nAma" to IndraparyAyarUpa tenA bhAvanikSepamAM vAcya-vAcakabhAvathI saMbaddha che jyAre IndranI mUrti rUpa dravya ane tenA AkArarUpa sthApanA to IndraparyAyarUpa bhAvanikSepamAM tAdAbhyasaMbaMdhathI saMbaddha che tethI nAma karatA saMnihitatara hovAthI bhAvanikSepanuM vadhu nikaTanuM kAraNa che. tethI nAmane jo RjusUtra svIkArato hoya to saMnihitara evA dravya ane sthApanAne sutarAM svIkAre. * saMgraha-vyavahAra nayamate nikSepa yatunI siddhi * saMgraha ane vyavahAra A be dravyArthika nayI sthApanA sivAyanA traNa = nAma, dravya, bhAva) nilepane mAne che. evuM keTalAka mAne che. paraMtu te vAta barAbara nathI. tenuM kAraNa e che ke saMgraha-vyavahAra sivAyanA dravyArthikanaya to sthApanAne mAne che e vAta to nirvivAda che kAraNa ke saMgraha-vyavahAra sivAya bIjA koI dravyArthika naya "sthApanA mAnatA nathI' evuM kahevAyuM nathI. mAtra saMgraha-vyavahAra naya aMge ja sthApanAnuM 1. trayANAM zabdanayAnAM jJAtA'nupayukto'vastu... tasmAnnAstyAgamato dravyAvazyakam /

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nikSepa pariccheda 235 ko'narpitabhedaH paripUrNo vA naigamastAvat sthApanAmicchatItyavazyamabhyupeyam, saGgahavyavahArayoranyatra dravyArthike sthApanAbhyupagamAvarjanAt / tatrAdyapakSe saGgrahe sthApanAbhyupagamaprasaGgaH, saGgrahanayamatasya snggrhiknaigmmtaavishessaat| dvitIye vyavahAre tadabhyupagamaprasaGgaH, tanmatasya vyavahAramatAdavizeSAt / tRtIye ca nirapekSayoH saGgrahavyavahArayoH sthApanAnabhyupagamopapattAvapi samuditayoH sampUrNanagamarUpatvAttadabhyupagamasya durnivAratvam, avibhAgasthAnnaigamAtpratyekaM tadekaikabhAgagrahaNAt / kiJca, saGgrahavyavahArayorbhegamAntarbhAvAtsthApanAbhyupagamalakSaNaM tanmatamapi yanmataM sthApanAbhyupagamalakSaNaM tadapi saGgrahavyavahArAntargatameva mantavyam, yato'vibhAgasthAt = sampUrNAd naigamAdeva gRhItaikaikAMzI saGgrahavyavahArau / atazca tanmatamapi tAbhyAm gRhItameva mantavyam / navaraM sthApanAsAmAnyameva saGgrahaH svIkuryAt tadvizeSameva ca vyavahAra ityanyadetat / varjana karAyuM che. mATe saMgrahika naigama, asaMgrahika naigama athavA saMpUrNa naigama. - naigamanA A traNa bhedomAMthI koIka bhedamAM to sthApanA nikSepa avarUpa svIkAravo ja paDaze. jo saMgrahika naigama naya sthApanAne mAne che evuM svIkAro to saMgrahanaya paNa sthApanAne mAne che evuM mAnavuM paDaze. kAraNa ke saMgrahikanaigama ane saMgrahanayanA abhiprAya ekasarakhA ja che. tAtparya e che ke, naigamanayanA aneka dRSTikoNa che. temAMthI sAmAnyavAdI naigamanane saMgrahikanaigama kahevAya che. vizeSavAdI naigamanane asaMgrahika naigama kahevAya che ane sAmAnya-vizeSa ubhayavAdI naigamana ne saMpUrNa naigama kahevAya che. saMgrahikanaigama ane saMgraha nayanI mAnyatA vacce koI taphAvata nathI ane asaMgrahika naigama tathA vyavahAranayanI mAnyatA vacce koI taphAvata nathI. mATe jo asaMgrahika naigamanaya sthApanAne mAne che evo bIjo vikalpa svIkAre to vyavahAranayamAM paNa sthApanA svIkAra mAnavo paDe je sAmA pakSane asaMmata che. jo tame trIjo vikalpa svIkAro ke saMpUrNa naigamanaya ja sthApanA mAne che to yadyapi paraspara nirapekSa evA svataMtra saMgraha ke vyavahAranayamAM sthApanA-svIkAra nahIM thAya kAraNa ke saMpUrNa naigama karatA svataMtra saMgrahanaya ane svataMtra vyavahAranaya vilakSaNa che. chatAM paNa anya rIte to saMgraha-vyavahAra niyomAM paNa sthApanA-svIkAra karavo ja paDaze kAraNa ke saMgraha ane vyavahAranaya samudita rUpe (= bhegA maLIne) saMpUrNa naigamarUpa bane che ane A saMpUrNa naigamanayanA sAmAnyagrAhitva rUpa eka aMzane laIne ja saMgrahanaya bane che jyAre saMpUrNa naigamanayanA vizeSagrAhitvarUpa anya aMzane laIne vyavahAranaya bane che. tethI vibhAga vagaranA saMpUrNa naigamanayanA sthApanA-svIkArarUpa matane paNa te be svataMtra no svIkAraze ja. arthAt, saMpUrNa naigamano svataMtra saMgraha-vyavahAra A be nayomAM aMtarbhAva thaI jAya che tethI saMpUrNa naigamano sthApanAsvIkAra rUpa mata paNa e be nayomAM aMtabhUta thaze ja. (vizeSAvazyakabhASyanI gAthA 2854 mAM A vAta karI che - naM paveno ne manayarsa pho, vahuno samasvAmI to tammayaM pi bhiNNaM mayamiyaresiM vibhinnANaM / / artha: pUrve anekavAra naigamanayano saMgraha-vyavahAra e be nayomAM aMtarbhAva jaNAvyo che tethI naigamano For Private & Personal.Use Only

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236 jaina tarkabhASA tatrAntarbhUtameva, ubhayadharmalakSaNasya viSayasya pratyekamapraveze'pi sthApanAlakSaNasyaikadharmasya pravezasya sUpapAdatvAt, sthApanAsAmAnyatadvizeSAbhyupagamamAtreNeva saGgrahavyavahArayorbhedopapatteriti yathAgamaM bhAvanIyam / etaizca nAmAdinikSepairjIvAdayaH padArthA nikSepyAH / 3. jIvaviSaye nikSepAH / tatra yadyapi yasya jIvasyAjIvasya vA jIva iti nAma kriyate sa nAmajIvaH, devatAdipratimA ca sthApanAjIvaH, aupazamikAdibhAvazAlI ca bhAvajIva iti jIvaviSayaM nikSepatrayaM _ 'na tu dravyanikSepaH' atra manAgmImAMsAmahe - nanu nAmAdInAM sarvavastuvyApitvamupagamyate na vA ? Adye vyabhicAraH, anabhilApyabhAveSu nAmanikSepApravRtteH, tatpravRttau cAnabhilApyatvavyAhateH / na cAbhilApyabhAvApekSayaiva nAmAdInAM vyApakatvamiti vAcyam, itthamapi dravyajIva-dravyadravyAdyaprasiddhyA vyabhicArAnatikramAt, tathAhi - guNaparyAyavadeva hi dravyamucyate 'guNaparyAyavad dravyamiti' (tattvArtha 5/37) vacanaprAmANyAt / tacca dravyasya bhAvanikSepaH, dravyanikSepo hi sa bhaved yo guNaparyAyavikalaH sannAyatyAM tAbhyAm yukto'bhaviSyat / na ca tatsambhavati, guNaparyAyavikalasya dravyatvAyogAt / tathA ca vilupto dravyasya dravyanikSepaH jagattrayebhyaH / evameva khalu dravyajIvAsiddhirapi bhAvanIyA, acetanasya sataH kadAcidapi cetanatvenApariNamanAditi / antye- "jattha ya Na jANijjA caukkayaM Nikkhive tattha' (anu.dvAra sU.7) sthApanA-svIkAra rUpa abhiprAya paNa te be nayomAM aMtarbhAva pAmaze. hA, saMgraha-vyavahAranA mata vacce eTalI bhinnatA raheze ke saMgrahanaya sthApanA-sAmAnyane svIkAraze ane vyavahAranaya sthApanA-vizeSane svIkAraze. saMpUrNa naigamano je viSaya che te to sAmAnya vizeSa ubhayAtmaka che. ubhayadharmAtmaka A viSayano praveza saMgraha ke vyavahAra pratyekamAM thaI zake tema nathI (kAraNa ke saMgraha sAmAnyagrAhI che jyAre vyavahAra vizeSagrAhI che.) chatA paNa saMpUrNa naigamanayano sthApanArUpa eka dharmano praveza saMgraha-vyavahAramAM koI bAdha vagara thaI zake che. zaMkA : saMgraha-vyavahAra banne jo sthApanAne mAnaze to te be nayomAM bheda nahIM rahe. samA. : saMgrahanaya sthApanA sAmAnya mAnaze jyAre vyavahAranaya sthApanAvizeSane mAnaze. A rIte banne nayo vacce bheda raheze. A vAta AgamAnusAre vicAravA jevI che. cAreya nikSeponuM nirUpaNa ane nayomAM nikSepayojanA karyA bAda have 'jIva' padArtha vize nikSepayojanA 43 che. 9 jIva padArtha vize nAmAdi nikSepanI saMyojanA 9 nAmAdi cAra nikSepo dvArA have jIvAdi padArthonA nikSepa karAya che. je koI paNa jaDa ke cetana 1. yatrApi ca na jAnIyAccatuSkakaM nikSipettatra /

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237 nikSepapariccheda ityAdi sUtravirodhastatra yattatpadAbhyAM vyAptyupasthiteriti cet ? atra vadanti- tattadvyabhicArasthAnAnyatvavizeSaNAnna dossH| tathA ca vRddhokti 'yadyatrakasminna sambhavati naitAvatA bhavatyavyApiteti', yathA hi maithunavratasya nirapavAdaspadatve'pi na 1'jAvaiyA ussaggA tAvaiyA padArthanuM "jIva' evuM nAma karAyuM hoya te vastune nAmajIva kahevAya che. devatA-manuSya vagere koI paNa vyaktinA pratimA-AkRti-pratikRti ke sthApanA (= asadbhAva sthApanA) karAya to tene sthApanA jIva kahevAya che. bhAvajIvanI vAta karatA pUrve thoDI vizeSa vAto jANI laIe. aupazamikAdi bhAvonI samajaNa (1) aupathamika bhAva : mohanIya karmanA sarvathA dabAI javAthI (eTale ke mohanIyanA vipAkodaya ane pradezodaya e banne prakAranA udayanA upazamathI (= abhAvathI) pragaTa thayelo je jIvasvabhAva te aupathamika bhAva. dA.ta. aupazamika samyakta, aupathamika cAritra. (2) kSAyika bhAva : te te karmano sarvathA kSaya thavAthI pragaTa thayelo jIvapariNAma. dA.ta. kevaLajJAna, kevaLadarzana, kSAyika cAritra, kSAyika samyakta vagere. (3) kSAyopathamika bhAvaH udayamAM AvelA karmanA rasano kSaya ane anudIrNa (= sattAgata) karmanA rasano upazama thavAthI pragaTato jIvapariNAma. dA.ta. matyAdi cAra jJAna, traNa ajJAna, cAra darzana, kSAyopazamika samyakta, dezavirati, sarvavirati vagere. (4) audayika bhAva : te te karmanA udayathI pragaTa thayelo jIvapariNAma. dA.ta. manuSyAdi cAra gati, puruSAdi traNa veda, krodhAdi cAra kaSAya, cha lezyA, mithyAtva, asaMyama, ajJAna, asiddhatva. (5) pAriNAmika bhAva : karmanA udaya-upazama-kSayopazama ke kSayathI nirapekSa evo svAbhAvika jIvapariNAma. dA.ta. bhavyatva, abhavyatva, jIva7. jIvano dravyanikSepa tyAre saMbhave ke jo koI ajIva padArtha bhaviSyamAM jIva rUpa banI jAya. kAraNa ke vastunA amuka paryAyanA kAraNabhUta padArthane te paryAyano dravyanikSepa kahevAya che. jema ke vartamAnanI koI vyakti bhaviSyamAM deva thavAnI hoya to tene vartamAnamAM dravyadeva kahevAya che. paraMtu koI ajIva bhaviSyamAM jIva banI jAya evuM kyAreya banatuM nathI. dharmAstikAyAdi pAMce astikAyone zAstromAM "itara-apravezI" kahyA che. eTale ke dharmAstikAya dravya kyAreya adharmAstikAyAdi rUpa na bane. e ja pramANe jIvadravya paNa kyAre ya anya jaDadravyAtmaka na bane ke koI jaDadravya jIvadravyAtmaka na bane kAraNa ke "jIvatva' e jIvano anAdi-anaMta (Adi ane aMta vinAno) pAriNAmika bhAva (= svabhAva) che. tethI jIvano dravyanikSepa maLI zake tema nathI. keTalAka ema kahe che ke 'guNa ane paryAyathI rahita dravya to kyAre paNa kyAMya maLI zakatuM nathI chatAM paNa guNaparyAyothI sAva rahita ane anAdipAriNAmikabhAva (jIvatva)thI rahita evA padArthanI buddhithI kalpanA karavAnI. basa, kalpanAmAM rahelo A guNaparyAyarahita jIva e ja jIvano dravyanikSepa che." paraMtu A vAta barAbara nathI. kAraNa ke vidyamAna evA guNa paryAyone buddhithI khaseDI nAkhavA zakya nathI. 9, yavanta utsastAvantoDavadva: |

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238 jaina tarkabhASA sambhavati, na tu dravyanikSepaH / ayaM hi tadA sambhavet, yadyajIvaH sannAyatyAM jIvo'bhaviSyat, yathA'devaH sannAyatyAM devo bhaviSyan dravyadeva iti / na caitadiSTaM siddhAnte, yato jIvatvamanAdinidhanaH pAriNAmiko bhAva iSyata iti / tathApi guNaparyAyaviyuktatvena buddhyA kalpito'nAdiavavAyA' iti vyApterbhaGgastadvadatrApIti teSAmAzayaH pratibhAti / apare tvAH- anabhilApyabhAve nAmno vyApakatvalAbhAya kevalIprajJArUpameva tatra nAmanikSepo'vagantavya iti, dravyajIvazca manuSyAdireva, bhAvidevAdijIvaparyAyahetutvAt / na ca tathA bhAvadevatvadravyajIvatvayorekatrAvasthAnaM kathaM saMgacchediti vAcyam, mRttikAyAM bhAvamRttikAtvadravyaghaTatvayoriva tatsaMgatisambhavAt / dravyadravyamapi mRdAdireva, dravyArthikanayAdezAdAdiSTadravyatvAnAM ghaTAdiparyAyANAM hetutvAt / etacca mataM nAtiramaNIyam- dravyArthikena pudgalAtmakasyaiva nAmno'bhyupagamAt, uccaritasya likhitasya vA nAmnaH nAmavatazca vastuna eva pudgalarUpatayA nAmatvAvirodhAt, prajJAkhyaM ca tajjJAnAtmakatvena na paudgalikaM, ato na tasya nAmarUpatvaM ghaTate / manuSyAdInAM dravyajIvatve ca siddhasyaiva bhAvajIvatvaM syAt / ataH tattvArthaTIkAkRtastu tanmataM nAnavadyaM manyante yata itthamapi siddhajIve 'dravyajIva' iti nikSepasya saMsArijIve ca 'bhAvajIva' iti nikSepasyAghaTanAd, nAmAdInAmavyApitAyA avAraNAt / na hi pArthivavizeSaM ghaTaM prati kAraNIbhUtasya mRtpiNDasya 'dravyaghaTa' iti vyapadezavat 'dravyapArthiva' ityapi vyapadezo bhavati / prakRtagranthakRtastu enaM doSAvahamapazyanneva svakIyavaktavyamAha - 'idaM puna'rityAdinA - teSAmayamAzayaH itthaM arthAtu, AvI kalpanA karavA mAtrathI koI jIva guNaparyAyarahita banI jato nathI kAraNa ke padArthanI pariNati jJAnane AdhIna nathI. paraMtu padArtha je je rIte pariName che te rIte ja tenuM jJAna thAya che. nAmAdi nikSepacatuSTayanI sarvavyApitAnA bhaMganI zaMka che mane tenuM sbhaadhaanzaMkA : zrI anuyogadvAra nAmaka Agama granthamAM kahyuM che ke - jattha ya jaM jANejjA, nikkhevaM nikkhive niravasesaM jattha vi ya na jANejjA, caukkayaM nikkhive tattha / artha : je padArthamAM jeTalA nikSepa saMbhavatA hoya eTalA karavA, je padArthamAM adhika nikSepo na jaNAya to paNa nAmAdi cAra nikSepa to karI ja devAnA. arthAt, dareka vastunA A cAra nikSepo to thAya ja. A pramANe to nAmAdinikSepacatuSTaya sarvavastunA kahyA che paNa jIvano dravyanikSepa maLato nathI. tethI nAmAdi nikSepacatuSTayanI vyApakatAno bhaMga thaze ane evI ja rIte dareka ukta Agamavacanano virodha mAvaze. samA. koI vastuvizeSamAM ekAda nikSepa na maLavA mAtrathI nAmAdinikSepa catuSTayanI vyApakatA haNAtI nathI. kAraNa ke prAyaH anya sarva padArthone vize to nAmAdi cAreya nikSepa saMbhave ja che. AvuM vRddha puruSonuM (pUrvAcAryonuM) kathana che. zrIvizeSAvazyakabhASya, tattvArthabhASya Adi granthomAM A vAtanuM pratipAdana karAyuM che.

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239 nikSepa pariccheda pAriNAmikabhAvayukto dravyajIvaH, zUnyo'yaM bhaGga iti yAvat, satAM guNaparyAyANAM buddhyApanayanasya kartumazakyatvAt / na khalu jJAnAyattArthapariNatiH, kintu artho yathA yathA vipariNamate tathA tathA jJAnaM prAdurastIti / na caivaM nAmAdicatuSTayasya vyApitAbhaGgaH, yataH prAyaH sarvapadArtheSvanyeSu tat sambhavati / yadyatraikasminna sambhavati naitAvatA bhavatyavyApiteti vRddhaaH| jIvasaMsArijIve dravyajIvatvasiddhAvapi na sarvathA bhAvajIvatvavirodho tathA tattvArthavRttikRtokto, yataH kAraNatvamapekSya dravyatvamapyastu, kAryApannatvAt bhAvatvamapyastu nAstyatra kiJcitprAtikUlyaM yato nAmAdInAmekavastugatAnAM bhAvAvinAbhUtatvamapi zAstroktameva / tadeva bhASyoktyA samarthayati 'ahavA' ityAdinA / evaM ca 'siddha eva bhAvajIvaH syAditi kautaskutyametad ? doSasyAnavakAza eveti hRdayam / tatra doSamudbhAvayannAha 'kevalami'tyAdinA - ayambhAvaH - itthaM ca siddhyamAno'pi dravyajIvanikSepo vizeSaNoparaktajIvampratyeva upapAditaH syAt, nirvizeSaM jIvamprati manuSyajIvasyAkAraNatvAt pArthivavizeSaM ghaTalakSaNaM prati mRtpiNDaniSThaM kAraNatvamAdAya vizeSaNoparaktapArthivamprati 'dravyapArthiva' iti vyapadezo'duSTa eveti dig / guNaparyAyAviyuktatvena prajJAsthApito dravyajIvaH siddhyedityekeSAM matam, etattu na sUkSmam, kalpanAmAtrarUpatvAttAdRgjIvasya, satAM guNaparyAyANAM buddhyA'panetumazakyatvAt / na hi yAdRcchikajJAnAyattA'rthapariNatirasti / jIvapadArthajJastatrAnupayukto jIvapadArthajJasya vA zarIraM jIvarahitaM dravyajIva iti nAvyApakatvamityapi vadanti / eka jIvanA dravyanikSepa aMge matAntaro ane tenuM nirakraNa 9 nAmAdi cAre ya nikSeponI vyApakatAne siddha karavAnI IcchAvALA keTalAka zAstranI paribhASAno Azraya laIne jIvanA dravyanikSepanuM nirUpaNa karatA kahe che ke - "je "jIva' zabdanA arthane jANato hoya paraMtu te Ne apane vize rupayogathA zUnya cha, mevo puruSa dravya upAya che.' ('aNuvaogo davvaM' A zAstrIya paribhASA pramANe A arthanI tAravaNI karAI che.) paraMtu A samAdhAnamAM granthakArazrIno as12sa che te 'AhuH' 54thI 4||y che. asva2sanu bI4 me che ? - zAstromAM to 'dravya' 56 bhane arthamAM vaparAtuM hoya che ane dareka vakhate te je arthamAM vaparAyuM hoya te pramANenI ja paribhASA levI . ...ta. zAstromA bhuNyatve 'dravya' 5hanI | paribhASAmo bhaNe cha - (1) guNaparyAyavad dravyam - gupayAyothI yuti Doya tene dravya uvAya. (2) aNuvaogo davvaM - anupayogane dravya vAya. mane (3) bhUtasya bhAvino vA bhAvasya yatkAraNaM tad dravyam - bhUtAnA bhaviSyamA mApa (= paryAya) nuM je kAraNa hoya tene dravya kahevAya. nikSepa prakaraNamAM ahIM sAmAnyathI trIjI paribhASA levAI che. dravyanikSepanuM lakSaNa paNa evuM ja ApyuM che mATe pariNAmI kAraNane ja kAryarUpa pariNAmano dravyanikSepa kahevo ucita che ane Avo dranikSepa jIvano maLato nathI. bIjA keTalAka ema kahe che ke - "atyAre huM manuSya chuM paNa kAlAMtaramAM devajIvarUpe svargamAM utpanna thanAra houM to atyAre huM dravyajIva kahevAuM kAraNa ke manuSyajIva (= huM) ja devajIvarUpa kAryanuM kAraNa

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240 jaina takabhASA zabdArthajJastatrAnupayukto dravyajIva ityapyAhuH / apare tu vadanti - ahameva manuSyajIvo (dravyajIvo)'bhidhAtavyaH uttaraM devajIvamaprAdurbhUtamAzritya ahaM hi tasyotpitsordevajIvasya kAraNaM bhavAmi, yatazcAhameva tena devajIvabhAvena bhaviSyAmi, ato'hamadhunA dravyajIva iti| etatkathitaM tairbhavati - pUrvaH pUrvo jIvaH parasya parasyotpatsoH kAraNamiti / asmiMzca pakSe siddha eva ___anabhilApyabhAvaviSaye nAmno yadavyApakatvamAzaGkitaM tatredaM cintyate na hyanabhilApyabhAvAnAM sarvathA'nabhilApyatvam, 'anabhilApya'padena tadabhilApasambhavAt, itthaM hi 'syAdavaktavyamiti caturthabhaMge syAtpadamapyupapadyate avaktavyapadena tasya vaktavyatvAt / tatazcAstu 'anabhilApya' eva tannAma / abhilApyanAmApekSayaiva nAmanikSepavyavastheti cet, astvevam, 'anabhilApya'padaM tu abhilApyamevetyapi na vismartavyaM, athavA, anabhilApyabhAvAnAmapi dravyaparyAyaspatayA kathaJcid dravyAtmakatvameveti 'dravyAdi'padamevAstu tannAmanikSepaH / yathA hi kASThacitrAdisthamunisthApanA Avazyakasya sthApanAnikSepatvena pravacanaprasiddhA, Avazyakasya sthApyamAnamuneH abhedAt, tadvadatrApi kimiti na vicAryate iti na nAmno'pyavyApiteti paryAlocyatAmidaM sudhIbhiH / vastutastu abhilApyabhAvAnAzrityaiva nikSepacatuSTayavyAptiH, zabdArthavizeSarupatvAnnikSepANAM anabhilApyabhAvAnAM tadaviSayatvAditi paryAlocayAmaH / nanu bhavatu nAma nAmadravyayoH vyApakatvam, sthApanAyAstu na tathAtvaM, amUrtasya AkArAyogena sthApanA'ghaTanAditi cet, na, nirAkArasthApanA'pi darzitaiveti kiM vismRtaM ? kiJca, amUrtasyA''kArAyogAdityapi kutaH? adRzyatvAditi cet, na, asiddheH, adRzyasyApi pizAcasya aJjanacUrNAdinA'vAptAdRzyatvasya kasyacit puMso'pi vA sAkAratvAditi na adRzyatvavyApakaM nirAkAratvamiti sphuTaiva asiddhiH / amUrtasyApi muktajIvasya dharmAstikAyAdezca sAkAratA sUtrasiddhA iti na sthApanAyAH sarvavyApitAbhaGgaH / nanu yathA kambugrIvAdimadarthe 'ghaTo'yamiti vyavahAraH sampravartate tadvad nAmAdighaTeSvapi tatpravartata eva / ghaTapada uccarite, ghaTAkAre vilokite, ghaTakAraNIbhUtamRtpiNDe vA 'kimidami'ti 'kimatrotpadyate' iti vA pRSTe eka eva uttaraH sarvatrAnveti 'ghaTa' iti / tathA ca ghaTavyavahArAvizeSAtkimiti zabdAdinayA nAmAdighaTaM nAbhyupeyanti, pryogstvevmche. kArya karatA pUrvakALamAM kAraNa hAjara hoya che.devajIva uttarakALamAM thanAra che ane manuSyajIva tenA karatA pUrvakALamAM che tethI A banne vacce kArya-kAraNabhAva saMbhavI zake che ane kAraNane to dravyanikSepa kahevAya ja che. tethI bhAvi devajIvanuM kAraNa hovAthI vartamAna manuSyajIvane dravyajIva kahevAya. AvuM keTalAkanuM kathana che paraMtu A pakSamAM tattvArthAdhigamasUtranA TIkAkAranA maMtravya mujaba doSa Ave che. te A rIte - jo A rIte dravyajIvanI siddhi karavAmAM Ave to pachI mAtra siddha bhagavaMtone ja bhAvajIva kahI zakAze. kAraNa ke dareka saMsArIjIva bhavAMtarIya jIvanuM kAraNa hovAthI dravyajIva ja banI jAya che. mATe A uparokta samAdhAna nirdoSa nathI. jo ke prathakAra A pakSamAM dhyAna devA yogya vAta kare che ke uparokta rIte saMsArI jIvane dravyajIva kahI do to paNa temAM bhAvajIvatva viruddha nathI kAraNa

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nikSepapariccheda bhAvajIvo bhavati nAnya iti etadapi nAnavadyamiti tattvArthaTIkAkRtaH / idaM punarihAvadheyaM itthaM saMsArijIve dravyatve'pi bhAvatvAvirodhaH, nAmAdInAM bhAvAvinAbhUtatvapratipAdanAt / tadAha bhASyakAra: 1" ahavA vatthUbhihANaM, nAmaM ThavaNA ya jo tayAgAro / - - 241 'nAmAdighaTA api ghaTA eva ghaTatvaprakArakavyavahAraviSayatvAt bhAvaghaTavat' / atrocyate vyavahArastu zabdAbhilAparUpaH, pravRttirUpo veti dvidhA / tatra zabdAbhilAbharUpavyavahArastu nAmAdighaTe sampravartata eva kintu zabdagatavivakSitaghaTAdyarthavAcakatAsvabhAvaniyamyaH tAdRzo vyavahAroM na svaviSaye ghaTatvAdi prayojakaH / zabdAbhilApAtmakavyavahAro vyavahAryaviSayasvarUpanirNaye na tantramityarthaH / kiM tarhi ? pravRttilakSaNavyavahAra eva tathA, sa ca nAmAdighaTe na sambhavati teSAM jalAharaNAdyarthakriyAsAmArthyavikalatvAt / nanu ghaTazabdArthatvAvizeSe'pi nAmAdighaTacatuSTaye, bhAvaghaTe eva ghaTatvaM nAparatretyatra kiM niyAmakamiti cet ? arthakriyaiveti gRhANeti zabdanayAbhiprAyaH / tatazca necchatyeva bhAvanikSepAdaparaM zabdanayaH, samabhirUDha - evambhUtau tu tatto'pi vizuddhataratayA necchata eva nAmAditrayamiti / ata evAnupacaritaM ghaTazabdArthatvam bhAvaghaTe eva, anyatra tUpacaritamiti vizeSo'pi gIyate, itthaM ca ghaTazabdArthatvAvizeSe'pi' ityAdikamapi nirastaM draSTavyam / ayambhAvaH 'ghaTa ceSTAyAm' iti vacanAt ceSTArthakadhAtuniSpanno ghaTazabdaH, sa ca kathaM jalAharaNAdyarthakriyAvikale nAmAdighaTe upacAravyatirekeNa pravarteta tatazcopacaritamevAyAtaM ghaTazabdArthatvaM nAmAdighaTe, bhAvaghaTa eva ca tadanupacaritaM tasyArthakriyAsamarthatvAt, iti sphuTa eva vizeSa ubhayatratyaghaTazabdArthatvasyeti nayarahasyoktasaMkSepaH / itthaM ca 'arthAbhidhAnapratyayAnAM tulyatvaM na vastutaH zabdAdinayasaMmatamupacAratastu syAdapIti / ata eva nAmanikSepapratipAdanAvasare nAmaniSThanAmavAcyatvalakSaNA pariNati upacArata: eva darzitA / iti nikSepaparicchedavivaraNam / ekavastugatAnAM ke eka ja vastumAM rahela nAma-sthApanA ane dravyae traNe, bhAvane avinAbhAvI che evuM zrIvizeSAvazyakabhASyamAM kahevAyuM che. A juo - 'vastunA abhidhAnane nAma kahevAya che, vastunA AkArane sthApanA kahevAya che, vastumAM potAnA ja bhAvi paryAyanI je kAraNatA rahI che tene dravya kahevAya che ane amuka kAryadazAne pAmelI te vastu pote ja bhAva kahevAya che.' A zloka eka ja vastumAM cAre ya nikSeponuM pratipAdana kare che tethI je nAma-sthApanA ke dravyarUpa che e ja vastu mAtra vivakSA badalatA ja bhAvarUpa ahevAya che. (khA 4 aramAM pAkhA vAta 'abhinnavastugatAnAM nAmAdInAM bhAvAvinAbhUtatvAdeva vastutvam' ityAdi granthathI pUrve kahevAI gaI che.) eTale A rIte mAtra siddhanA jIvomAM ja nahIM kintu saMsArI jIvamAM dravyajIvatvanI sAthe bhAvajIvatva paNa saMgata thAya che. hA, eTaluM kharuM ke je dravyajIvatva siddha thayuM te jIva sAmAnyanI apekSAe to 1. athavA vastvabhidhAnaM nAma sthApanA ca yastadAkAraH, kAraNatA tasya dravyaM kAryApannaM takaM bhAvaH |

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242 jaina tarkabhASA kAraNayA se davvaM, kajjAvanaM tayaM bhAvo / / 1 / / " ___ iti kevalamaviziSTajIvApekSayA dravyajIvatvavyavahAra eva na syAta, manuSyAderdevatvAdiviziSTajIvaM pratyeva hetutvAditi adhikaM nayarahasyAdau vivecitamasmAbhiH / / | vivaraNakartuH prazastiH pravacanAgrimapremasUrIzvaro, munivaratrizatAdhikanAyakaH 6 caraNasadguNarAzivirAjito, jagati jIvati kIrtikalevaraH / / 1 / / sakalasaGghahitaikavidhAyako, yugapradhAna iva kathito'paraH sakalasUrivarAgrima Aptako, bhuvanabhAnuriti prathito'bhavat / / 2 / / yatkRpAlezamAtreNa mUko vAcaspatIyati, jayaghoSasUrirjIyAt saGghavAtsalyavAridhiH / / 3 / / svargastho dharmajitsUristatsatIrthyo hi kovidaH, jagadvallabhanAmA hi tacchiSyo'sti prabhAvakaH / / 4 / / tapasvI khalu tacchiSyo vijayo meghavallabhaH, tatputraziSyaracitA kRtirdadyAd mudaM sadA / / 5 / / yaza:sAhityasadane tarkabhASA pravezanam, tattAloddhATane kuJcikAkalpA syAdiyaM matA / / 6 / / sUrimantraikasanniSTha AcAryoM jayazekharastacchiSyamukhyagaNinA'bhayazekharadhuriNA / / 7 / / madvidyAguruvaryeNa caryAyAM sattvazAlinA, prAyazaH zodhito granthaH karuNArasavAriNA / / 8 / / (yugmam) pramAdato vA matimAndyato vA, syAdatra kiJcitskhalitaM madIyam tacchodhane'nugrahazAlino ye, santu prasannA mayi sajjanAste / / 9 / / samprati dRzyate loko vilAsavibhramAnvitaH, hiMsAdikazca pracurastena dahyate me manaH / / 10 / / yanmayopArjitaM puNyaM tarkabhASAvivecanAt, tena vibhramanivRttyA lokaH sanmArgamApnuyAt / / 11 / / vikramIya 2053 tame varSe jJAnapaJcamyAM sAbaramatI-rAmanagaramaMDanazrIcintAmaNipArzvanAthAnugraheNa gacchAdhipa zrIvijayajayaghoSasUrinizrAyAM sAnandaM samAptamidaM vivaraNamiti zubhaM bhUyAt shriishrmnnprdhaancturvidhsngghsy| dravyajIvano vyavahAra ja nahIM thAya. arthAt, manuSyajIva e kAraNa hovAthI manuSyajIva (= jIva vizeSa) ne ja dravyajIva kahevo paDaze. kAraNa ke manuSyAdiparyAyaviziSTa jIva devatvAdiparyAyaviziSTajIva pratye ja kAraNa bane che. jema ghaTanuM kAraNa hovAthI mRtpiDane dravyaghaTa ja kahevAya che, dravyapRthvI nathI kahevAtuM, tema devaparyAyanuM kAraNa hovAthI manuSyane dravyadeva ja kahevAya paNa dravyajIva kahevAtuM nathI. manuSya ane deva vacceno kAryakAraNabhAva e jIvavizeSa vacceno kAryakAraNabhAva che, enA parathI sAmAnyajIvanI apekSAe koI padArtha sAtheno kAryakAraNabhAva siddha thato nathI; tethI sAmAnyajIvanI apekSAe dravyanikSepa nathI e vAta svIkAravI joIe. A ja rIte dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya ane AkAzAstikAyano paNa dravyanikSepa nathI. paraMtu keTalAka padArthomAM koIka nikSepa na maLe eTalA mAtrathI nikSepacatuSTayanI sarvavyApitAno bhaMga nathI thato kAraNa ke prAyaH anya sarva padArthomAM nikSepacatuSTayanI vyApakatA rahelI ja che ema jANavuM. A vAtano adhika vistAra granthakArazrIe svaracita nayarahasya, vagere granthomAM karyo che. vizeSa jijJAsuone te grantho jovA bhalAmaNa che. prAthamika tabakkAno grantha hovAthI ahIM lAbuM vivecana karAyuM nathI. nikSepa-paricchedanuM vivaraNa ahIM pUrNa thayuM.

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prazasti 243 / / iti mahAmahopAdhyAyA zrIkalyANavijayagaNiziSyamukhyapaNDitazrIlAbhavijayagaNiziSyAvataMsapaNDitazrIjItavijayagaNisatIrthyapaNDitazrInayavijayagaNiziSyeNa paNDitazrIpadmavijayagaNisodareNa paNDitayazovijayagaNinA viracitAyAM jainatarkabhASAyAM nikSepaparicchedaH sampUrNaH, tatsampUtau ca sampUrNeyaM jainatarkabhASA / / atha prazastiH sUrizrIvijayAdidevasuguroH paTTAmbarAhamaNau, sUrizrIvijayAdisiMhasugurau zakrAsanaM bhejuSi / tatsevA'pratimaprasAdajanitazraddhAnazuddhyA kRta, grantho'yaM vitanotu kovidakule modaM vinodaM tathA / / 1 / / yasyAsan guravo'tra jItavijayaprAjJAH prakRSTAzayAH, bhrAjante sanayA nayAdivijayaprAjJAzca vidyApradAH / premNAM yasya ca sadma padmavijayo jAtaH sudhIH sodaraH / tena nyAyavizAradena racitA stAttarkabhASA mude / / 2 / / tarkabhASAmimAM kRtvA mayA yatpuNyamarjitam / prApnuyAM tena vipulAM paramAnandasampadam / / 3 / / pUrvaM nyAyavizAradatvabirudaM kAzyAM pradattaM budhaiH nyAyAcAryapadaM tataH kRtazatagranthasya yasyArpitam / ziSyaprArthanayA nayAdivijayaprAjJottamAnAM zizuH tattvaM kiJcididaM yazovijaya ityAkhyAbhRdAkhyAtavAn / / 4 / / * granyAranI prazasti * evo lokasvabhAva prasiddha che ke jo granthakartA aMge vizuddha sampradAyAnugAmitAnuM jJAna thAya to granthanA adhyayanAdimAM sollAsa ane niHzaMka pravRtti thAya che. AthI ja granthakartA granthanI Adi antamAM svakIya zuddha paraMparAnI prazasti kare che. ghaNAkharA granthomAM A praNAli dekhAya che. tadanusAra granthane pUrNa karIne maho.yazovijayajI mahArAja paNa svaparamparAmUlaka padyane granthamAM samAviSTa kare che. caramatIrthapati mahAvIra svAmI bhagavAnanI 60mI pATe AvelA zrI vijayadevasUri mahArAjanI pATarUpI

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244 jaina tarkabhASA AkAzamAM sUrya jevA tejasvI zrI vijayasiMhasUri ma. thaI gayA. teo svargavAsa pAmI gayA bAda A grantha racAyo hato. teonI karelI sevA thakI maLelA anupama prasAda (kRpA) ne lIdhe thayelI samyagdarzananI zuddhithI racAyelo A grantha vidvAnonA kuLa (samUha) mAM AnaMda ane vinodane phelAvanAro bano. (A padyamAM be mahattvanI vAta jaNAvI che. (1) gurujanasevA ane samyakatvanI zuddhinuM kAraNa che. (2) 'zraddhAnazuddhacAtaH' padothI grantha racanAmAM sAmarthyano aMtaraMga hetu jaNAvAyo che.) 'sArasvatA:', 'cinnA', 'gauithitanA ' ityAdi vacanAnusAra jema 'sArasvata' Adi zabdothI brAhmaNonA vibhAga manAya che te rIte zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka jaina paramparAmAM paNa 'tapAgaccha', 'kharataragaccha', ityAdi gacchAnta zabdathI gacchavibhAgo manAya che. prastuta granthakartA tapAgaccha paraMparAmAM thayA hatA e vAta prasiddha che mATe 'tapAgaccha'nuM sUcaka 'Rtra' pada A padyamAM vaparAyuM che. A tapAgacchamAM granthakAranA be vidyAguru hatA ke jemanI pAsethI granthakArazrIne vidyAprApti thaI hatI. e banne guruonA nAma granthakAre ahIM jaNAvyA che. A granthanI samAptikALe zrIjItavijayajI mahArAjano svargavAsa thaI cukelo hato. A vAta bhUtakAlika 'jJasan' padathI sUcita karela che. potAnA sAkSAt guru nayavijayajI e kALe vidyamAna hatA e vAtane vartamAnakAlika 'mrAnane' prayogathI sUcita karela che. 'zrIjItavijayajI' ma. mATe 'prAjJa' tathA 'prakRSTAzaya' evA be vizeSaNo lagAvyA che. prathama vizeSaNathI,teo sva-para siddhAntonA prakhara jJAtA hatA evuM sUcita karAyuM che ane bIjA vizeSaNathI,teo udAracarita hatA (prakRSTa: bAzayo carca' e vyutpatti) evuM sUcita karAyuM che. (udA2rita guruvaryo yogya ziSyone zAstrIya rahasyavastu ApavAnA svabhAvavALA hoya che. AthI maho.jIne paNa sakalasiddhAntarahasyanI prApti sUcita thAya che.) bIjA sAkSAt guru zrInayavijayajI hatA. jemanA haste granthakartAne dIkSA ane vidyA banne maLyA hatA. (zrInayavijayajI ma., zrI jItavijayajI ma. nA satIrtha (gurubhrAtA) hatA.) dehalIdIpakanyAye 'prakRSTAzayA' A vizeSaNa 'nayavijayA' A vizeSya sAthe paNa yojI zakAya che. 'sanayA' evuM temanuM sAkSAt vizeSaNa e sUcita kare che ke zrI nayavijayajI ma. nItikuzaLa (nayanipuNa) hatA. (guruvaH' evo mAnArthaka bahuvacana prayoga karIne granthakAre potAnA guruvaryo pratyenuM bahumAna pradarzita karela che jethI gurustuti sUcita thAya che. ) (A padamAM kRtajJabhAve svavidyAdAtAonuM smaraNa karavA uparAMta grantharacanAsAmarthyano bAhyahetu pradarzita karAyo che.) e pachI A padyamAM zrIpadmavijayajIno ullekha karAyo che. temanA mATe mukAyelA traNa vizeSaNo (AaaN sanna, sudhI ane sovara:) evI sUcanA kare che ke - teo premALa hatA, paMDita hatA ane granthakAranA gRhasthAvasthAnA sagA bhAI hatA. tyArabAda granthakAre potAnA mATe 'nyAyavizArada' evuM vizeSaNa vAparyuM che enA parathI jaNAya che ke granthakAra svayaM jaina nyAya sivAya gautamIyanyAya (prAcIna ane navya), bauddhanyAya Adi sarvanyAya (= tarka) zAstromAM pUrNakuzaLa hatA kAraNa ke ahIM 'nyAya' evo sAmAnyavAcaka zabda ja prayukta che. Ama, prAjJaprakRSTAzaya nItikuzaLa guru pAsethI vidyA prApta karIne vatsala ane vidvAna svalaghubhrAtA zrIpadmavijyajI. ma. sAthe sahavAsa dvArA prApta vidyAone daDha karIne nyAyavizArada zrIyazovijayajI ma. e A granthanI racanA karI che tethI 'tarkabhASA' grantha atyaMta upAdeya siddha thAya che. A 'tarkabhASA'nI racanA karavA dvArA me je puNya upArjita karyuM hoya tenA thakI huM (yazovijaya)

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prazasti 245 parama AnaMdanI saMpatti (= mokSa) ne pAmuM. (A padyamAM prathakArano tIvra saMvegabhAva vyakta thAya che.) svakIya vizuddha paraMparAnI prazasti karyA bAda anya zlokamAM granthakAra potAnI oLakhANa Ape che. prastuta grantharacanA pUrve kAzImAM tyAMnA vidvAn brAhmaNa paMDito dvArA granthakArane "nyAyavizArada'nuM biruda apAyuM hatuM. tyArapachI ekaso granthanI racanA pUrNa thatA teozrIne "nyAyAcAryanuM pada paNa arpita karAyuM hatuM. nyAyavizArada, nyAyAcArya evA, zrI navijayajI ma. nA zrI yazovijaya nAmanA ziSya, potAnA ziSyonI prArthanA thavAthI A tattvanuM kaMIka saMkSipta vivecana karyuM che. (ziSyaprArthanA padathI granthanI utpattinuM bIja jaNAvAyuM che.) karmasAhityaniSNAta, saccAritracUDAmaNi, siddhAntamahodadhi sva.A.bhaga. zrImadvijaya premasUrIzvarajI mahArAjanA paTTaprabhAvaka, vardhamAna topanidhi, nyAyavizArada saMghahitaiSI sva.A.bhaga. zrImad vijaya bhuvanabhAnusUrIzvarajI mahArAjAnA tathA tacchiSya adhyAtmarasika siddhAntamarmajJa sva.A.bhaga. zrImad vijaya dharmajitusUrIzvarajI mahArAjAnI divyakRpAthI. siddhAntadivAkara gItAryAgraNI vartamAna gacchAdhipati A.bhaga.zrImadvijaya jayaghoSasUrIzvarajI mahArAjAnI tathA sUrindraprasthAnapaMcakasamArAdhaka A.bhaga.zrImadvijaya jayazekharasUrIzvarajI mahArAjAnI pAvanI preraNAthI, bhavodadhitAraka mahopakArI paMnyAsapravara zrI jagavallabhavijayajI ma.nA AziSe, vardhamAnataporata gurudeva munirAja zrI meghavallabhavijayajI ma.nA ziSyANa muni udayavallabhavijaye jaina tarkabhASA granthano karelo A gurjara bhAvAnuvAda sAnaMda sapUrNa thayo. jinAjJa-granthakAranA AzayanirapekSa kAMI lakhAyuM hoya to tenuM zAzo micchA mi dukkaDam. temaja gItArtha bahuzrutone truTisammArjana karavA namra vijJapti. A granthano bhAvAnuvAda karatA je puNyaprAbhAranuM upArjana thayuM hoya tenA prabhAve bhavyajIvo pramANa-nayaprasiddha mokSanA bhAvanikSepanA prApaka bano zubhaM bhavatu zrIzramaNapradhAnacaturvidhasaGghasya... (vi.saM. 2053) iti zrIjainatarkabhASAgurjarabhAvAnuvAdaH

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246 jaina tarkabhASA ( jainatarkabhASAgatAnAmavataraNAnAM sUciH )) pAThaH grantha pRSThAMkam 210 128 (ladhI. svaviva. 7.2) (vizeSA. bhA. gA. 1574) (vizeSA. bhA. gA. 60) (anuyo. sU. 14) 241 231 aprastutArthApAkaraNAt asato natthi Niseho ahavA vatthUbhihANaM ujjusuassa ege cyavamAno na jAnAti tato'rthagrahaNAkArA tasmAd yat smaryate tatsyAt teNa saddeti uggahie dhUmadhIrvahnivijJAnam nAmAitiyaM davvaTThiyassa nAsiddhe bhAvadharmo'sti pakSIkRta eva viSaye payo'mbubhedI haMsaH syAt bhAvaM ciya saddanayA vikalpasiddhe tasmin (tattvArthazlokavA. 1/1/22) (zlokavA. upa. zlo. 37-38) (naMdisUtra) 90 104 229 (vizeSA. bhA. gA.75) (pramANavA. 1.192) (pra.na.ta. 3.38) 124 113 93 229 (vize.bhA.gA. 2847) (parI. 3.23) 123

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pariziSTa | jainatarka bhASAvivaraNagatAnAM sAkSipAThAnAM sUciH pAThaH akSArthayoge sati akSArthayogo darzana.. aNuvaogo davvaM satra 4 bApa... atra jJAnamiti ... graMthazabdaH prakriyA... anadhigatatathAbhUta... anumavapramAtva... santAvyA... anyathAnupapannatyuM... aprayojako hetuH minivezAnvita... arthasAsthyamasya... savaprahAvInAM vA... avisaMvAdijJAnaM avyayathAstra... avyabhicAriNIm azazu vyAptau ahavA chaumatthassa ahavA pacapanno AvAvante ... AbhinibohiyanANe icchai visesiyataraM rUndriyanivRtti... rUndriya... indriyArtha graMtha: pramI1/1|26 vRtti pramI1|2|26 anu.dvAra tattvA.hAri.vRtti Sadarzana samu. vRtti zAsradIpikA nyAnkusu0 4/1 pra0 na0 ta0 3737 syA ratnA0 nyA dI nayopadeza nyA biMdu pra0 mI 101037 pra0 vA0 201 ta bhASya nyA maMTha dhAtupATha naMdisUtracUrNi vize bhA gA0 2231 anu sU0 152 ta zlo vA vRtti pANinI-5296 nyA sU0 10104 247 pRSThAm 54 53 233 209 6 211 5 80 114 116 157 202 18 12 5 53 4 26 74 200 183 55 188 21 18 30-217

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248 jaina takabhASA 61 34 21 19 vize bhAva gA296 nadivRtti (pR. 169) IndriyavAda ladhIya, sva viva0 15 nyAsUo bhA2111 nyA pra0 vRtti Avaka niryu. 1054 syAratnAi 313 vizeTha bhAi gA0 2256 dazavai0 niryu. 50 176 115 193 144 16 15 15 29 ihijjai upakaraNendriya upayogazca upayo: puna.... upaOidetu. 3mayatra taheva... havaso so jho... vaM 2 pavRttikSA.. parva nIvaM nIvo... varutyarU vaMcAvavaM.. hara di phividha... rmasthA kriyAnaM bhuvo... jyanApoDhaM... kavargAya svAhA vimitayAnnovana... zazirasi nIrImava.... vartI suvApekSe. caiiva nA.. jItyo ya vidaro... guNaparyAyavadravyam cakSu zrotramanasA.... avamAno na... nanda 2 naM nAnA... natya ya na gaNajJA... nadI varo... jANai bajjheNumANeNaM nAvar3ayA vayapadA.. nAva DhaLuM gha... vinomiti... pra0 mI1135-36 pra. mI. vRtti nyAbiMdu siddha pUjana pra. nava ta2 114 zAMtasudhA nyAyAva gA0 28 206 196 195 tattvA, pA37 236 38 43 228 236 196 anu. (sU) 7) anu. (sU) 7) upa0 mAlA gAi 426 vizeSA bhAva gAi 814 saM. tarka 347 vizeTha bhAva gA. 25 aSTaka praka0 Ta8 73 175 214 219

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pariziSTa nIvAlInAM tattvAnAM... vo guNavinno ne adyA... no mAM nA ... naM annAnI hamma... jJAnamiti... Namo baMbhIe livIe nAmaM AvattiyaM... tatadAtA... tatra labdhisvabhAvaM tadanantaraM gavayo tirlR saddanayALuM... vyApasavvamAvA... dravyato bhAvatathaiva... dvandvA... dvividha samyajJAna... dviSThasaMvandha... na tulyA(na)tA... narUpekSAvat... na so'sti... na smRterapramANatvaM ... na hi aMtaraGga nAmavAya... nAmavaLAkhuM... nAmasthApanA... sAyaM vastu... nirguNA guNAH nivRtvAzrayA... nivRtyupo... nInirmAsa... pakSIta pava... tattvA bhASya Ava niryu (gA0 792) zakrastava AcArAMgasUtra sA0 ratnA0 bhagata sUtra anu sUtra pra0 mI vRtti pra0 mI vRtti nyA si muktA anu uttarA0 280 aSTakapraka0 81 liMgAnu (59) nyA biMdu anyayo vya dvA0 (gA0 16) syA ratnA 6 / 4 vRtti vAkyapadIya nyA maM ta zlo vA0 vRtti vize bhA gA 536 anu. (sU0 11) tattvA0 105 ta zlo vA (zlo 5-6. pR 118) tattvA pA4 tattvA hAri vRtti tattvA0 117 nyA biMduvRtti pra0 na0 ta0 338 249 209 231 218 161 195 6 65 214 12 21 93 234 174 219 25 5 17 18 13 187 81 19 55 214 36 174 73 21 19 18 112

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250 paththuppAhI... pratijJA tUvAvaLa... pratyekasmin... pramALanaye... pramAmavisaMvAvi... pramALuM svaparA... pramAAM svArtha... pramANasya phalaM ... phalamarthaprakAzaH brahma satya... mAvo vikSita... bhAva priya saddanayA... bhUtasya bhAvino vA yaccittaM taccittAntara yato matijJAna... yattatartha... yathA RtuLa... yathA'yaM sthANurvA.... yathA aai... thayAM'zina... vidha... yatrasminna... cadastuno'miyAna... yadvA sa ghaTaH yuvajJAnI... rUpaSvavadheH nadhyakSarA... naththupayogo... lambhanaM labdhiH tamAM labdhi... niAM vanameva... anu0 (sU0 152) nyA sU 1/1/32 tattvA 106 pra0 vA0 103 nyAyA (gA 1) saM tarkavRtti (pR0 518) nyAyA (gA0 28) pra0 mI 141434 vize bhA gA0 2847 vyA pra vRtti (za0 8Au 2) pra0 naM0 ta0 1015 pra0 na0 ta0 1013 pra0 na ta0 1011 ta. zlo vA0 zlo0 18 (pR 123) sUtrakR. vRtti ta ciMtA (pra0 khaMDa) gau sUtra 1/1/4 tattvA0 1028 si hai |1|60 tattvA 1018 laghIya svaviva0 105 pra0 mI vRtti syA ratnA (zlo 511) jaina tarkabhASA 185 142 35 174 104 7 7 108 14 203 222 199 218-233 206 55 216 8 8 6 174 78 237 212 * * che ? > 19

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pariziSTa 251 nayarahasya tattvA bhAva pra0 mI 23 184 184 pra. nava tatva 110 tattvA125 pra. nava tatva rA7 naMdisUtra cUrNi tao bhAva gA2256 lokavyavahAra laukikasama vAsanobodha vijJaptiH phaladA viparItaioTi... vizukyatipAtAmyAM... viSayaniSya.. viSaviSaya... di ... zrotravRittiH... soLa maLattai.. satAM sAmatAnAM... satsakayo. sannipiinayA.. samartha... sagarzanajJAna.. savvajIvANaMpi ya sIsa puwvaMta... sAdhavAya... sAdhya sAdhana... sAmAnyatastAvad... suvuM vaiviveda... suvArtAnapatyuM.. suvaThThIpa suya. e nadInAma. saMsTArapravo. sparzarasagaMdha svanirNaya... paravyavasati. svAzanaM. deturava di... daMtivImUnavI... 74 7-14 3-197 64-67 212 naMdisUtra (pR. 108) pra. mI. 112 tattvArtha 11 naMdisUtra Ava8 niryugADha 370 pra. nava tatva 112 nyA. dIpikA syAratnAi (pR. 353) nyAyA, vRtti saM. tarka vRtti 63 13 13 196 * 79 148 10 naMdisUtra pra. nao tao 33 tattAva po23 pra. mI. 1/1/4 pra. nate 6/16 pra0 mI113 pravA0 128 vizeSAbhAva (gA464 vRtti). 14 14 143 65

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