Tap Sadhna Vidhi Ka Prasangik Anushilan Agamo se Ab Tak

Author(s): Saumyagunashreeji
Publisher: Prachya Vidyapith
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/006246/1

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tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka OM hI motavassa namodasaNa OM hI Radient sambodhikA pUjyA pravarttinI zrI sajjana zrIjI ma.sA. parama viduSI zaziprabhA zrIjI ma.sA.

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sidAcala tIrthAdhipati zrI AdinAtha bhagavAna OOOOORANG SATTA Doooooo 6-9-28-34 % - 252424242-42-4444 10THAKOR KARomamme zrI jinadattasUri ajamera dAdAbAr3I zrI maNidhArI jinacandrasUri dAdAbAr3I (dillI) 04HHHHHHHHHHHHHHH HH-1-1- 4HHHHHHHHHO ja-1-3-23-06-09-23-03- 05-0646 5 zrI jinakuzalasUri mAlapurA dAdAbAr3I (jayapura) zrI jinacandrasUri bilADA dAdAbAr3I (jodhapura)

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tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka jaina vidhi-vidhAnoM kA tulanAtmaka evaM samIkSAtmaka adhyayana viSaya para (DI. liT upAdhi hetu prastuta zodha prabandha) khaNDa-9 2012-13 R.J. 241 / 2007 NANassa rasa sAramAyA zodhArthI DaoN. sAdhvI saumyaguNA zrI nirdezaka DaoN. sAgaramala jaina jaina vizva bhAratI vizvavidyAlaya lADanUM-341306 (rAja.) -

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tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka jaina vidhi-vidhAnoM kA tulanAtmaka evaM samIkSAtmaka adhyayana viSaya para ( DI. liT upAdhi hetu svIkRta zodha prabandha) khaNDa -9 NANassAramA svapna zilpI Agama marmajJA pravarttinI sajjana zrIjI ma.sA. saMyama zreSThA pUjyA zaziprabhA zrIjI ma.sA. mUrtta zilpI DaoN. sAdhvI saumyaguNA zrI (vidhi prabhA) zodha zilpI DaoN. sAgaramala jaina

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/ Dococcoom tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka kRpA vardhaka : pUjya AcArya zrI majjina kailAzasAgara sUrIzvarajI ma.sA. maMgala vardhaka : upAdhyAya pravara pUjya gurudeva zrI maNiprabhasAgarajI ma.sA. Ananda vardhaka : Agamajyoti pravartinI mahodayA pUjyA sajjana zrIjI ma.sA. preraNA vardhaka : pUjya guruvaryA zaziprabhA zrIjI ma.sA. vAtsalya vardhakaH gurvAjJA nimagnA pUjya priyadarzanA zrIjI ma.sA. sneha vardhaka : pUjya divyadarzanA zrIjI ma.sA., pUjya tatvadarzanA zrIjI ma.sA. pUjya samyakdarzanA zrIjI ma.sA., pUjya zubhadarzanA zrIjI ma.sA. pUjya muditaprajJAzrIjI ma.sA., pUjya zIlaguNAzrIjI ma.sA., suyogyA kanakaprabhA jI, suyogyA saMyamaprajJA jI Adi bhaginI maNDala zodhakartI : sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI (vidhiprabhA) jJAna vRSTi : DaoN. sAgaramala jaina prakAzaka : prAcya vidyApITha, dupADA roDa, zAjApura-465001 email : sagarmal.jain@gmail.com * sajjanamaNi granthamAlA prakAzana bAbU mAdhavalAla dharmazAlA, taleTI roDa, pAlItANA-364270 prathama saMskaraNa : san 2014 pratiyA~ : 1000 sahayoga rAzi : Rs 100.00 (puna: prakAzanArtha) kampoja : vimala candra mizra, vArANasI kaeNvara seTiMga : zambhU bhaTTAcArya, kolakAtA mudraka : Antartica Press, Kolkata ISBN : 978-81-910801-6-2 (IX) (c) All rights reserved by Sajjan Mani Granthmala. - receTO Re

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prApti sthAna 1. zrI sajjanamaNi granthamAlA prakAzana | 18. zrI jinakuzalasUri jaina dAdAvADI, bAbU mAdhavalAla dharmazAlA, taleTI roDa,|| mahAvIra nagara, kempa roDa po. pAlItANA-364270 (saurASTra) po. mAlegA~va phona : 02848-253701 jilA- nAsika (mahA.) mo. 9422270223 2. zrI kAntilAlajI mukIma zrI jinaraMgasUri pauzAla, Ar3I bAMsa 19. zrI sunIlajI botharA tallA galI, 31/A, po. kolakAtA-7 TUlsa eNDa hArDaveyara, mo. 98300-14736 saMjaya gAMdhI cauka, sTezana roDa po. rAyapura (cha.ga.) 3. zrI bhAIsA sAhitya prakAzana phona : 94252-06183 M.V. Building, Ist Floor Hanuman Road, PO : VAPI 10. zrI padamacanda caudharI Dist. : Valsad-396191 (Gujrat) zivajIrAma bhavana, M.S.B. kA rAstA, mo. 98255-09596 jauharI bAjAra 4. pArzvanAtha vidyApITha po. jayapura-302003 I.T.I. roDa, karauMdI vArANasI-5 (yuu.pii.)| mo. 9414075821, 9887390000 mo. 09450546617 11. zrI vijayarAjajI DosI 5. DaoN. sAgaramalajI jaina jinakuzala sUri dAdAbAr3I prAcya vidyApITha, dupADA roDa 89/90 goviMdappA roDa po. zAjApura-465001 (ma.pra.) basavanaguDI, po. baiMgalora (karnA.) mo. 94248-76545 mo. 093437-31869 phona : 07364-222218 saMparka sUtra 6. zrI AdinAtha jaina zvetAmbara zrI candrakumArajI muNota tIrtha, kaivalyadhAma ___9331032777 po. kumhArI-490042 zrI rikhabacandajI jhAr3acUra jilA- durga (cha.ga.) 9820022641 mo. 98271-44296 zrI navInajI jhAr3acUra phona : 07821-247225 9323105863 7. zrI dharmanAtha jaina mandira zrImatI prItijI ajitajI pArakha 84, amana kovila sTrITa 8719950000 koNDI thopa, po. cenaI-79 (T.N.) zrI jinendra baida phona : 25207936, 9835564040 044-25207875 zrI pannAcandajI dUgar3a 9831105908

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[ sevArpaNa jinake punIta pAda padyoM meM, bItA merA bacapana | jinakI antara preraNA se, pAyA mahAvratoM kA dhana / / jinakI kRpA se prApta huI. mujhako vidyA rekhA / jinakI nizrA meM rahakara, jIvana mUlyoM ko sIkhA / / jinakI saMyama vINA para, bajatI tapa-japa kI saragama / jJAna-dhyAna kI phulavArI se, mahaka rahA hai jIvana haradama / / guru sajjanakI sajjanatA jisameM, jhalake vicakSaNa guNoM kA darpaNa | usa guruvaryA kI dhUli pAkara,mahaka uThA jIvana kA kaNa-kaNa / / sesI ananya upakAriNI, saMyama utkarSiNI, utsAha vardhinI saMgharatnA pUjya guruvaryA zaziprabhAzrIjI ma.sA. ke AsthA praNIta pAda padmoM meM akSaya zabdAMjalI aaaaaaaa a aa --06 -09-=

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sajjana mana kI AvAja karma granthiyoM ko jalAne ke lie viSaya-kaSAyoM ko tapAne ke lie videha avasthA ko pAne ke lie Atma svarUpa ko saMvArane ke lie zArIrika svasthatA meM, mAnasika sthiratA meM AdhyAtmika utthAna meM, bhAva rogoM ke nidAna meM saMyama rasa ke pAna meM, mukti sopAna meM tIrthaMkaroM dvArA prachapita gurujanoM dvArA sevita mumukSuoM dvArA ArAdhita bhavya janoM dvArA vAMchita zreSThatama tapa mArga para sadhI agrasara hoM sesI maMgala gUMja ke sAtha... reERS -

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adisional hArdika anumodana JanamamaAAAAAAAAAAAAmasam Agama jyoti, pravartinI pada vibhUSitA, pUjya guruvaryA zrI sajjana zrIjI ma.sA. kI parama viduSI ziSyA, adhyayana rasikA, jaina jagata kI zAradA putrI sAdhvI zrI saumyaguNA zrIjI ma.sA. sAdhvI zrI sthita prajJA zrIjI ma.sA., sAdhvI zrI saMvaiga prajJA zrIjI ma.sA. Adi ThANA 3 ke san 2011 ke kolakAtA aitihAsika cAturmAsa kI amiTa smRti ke upalakSya meM adhyakSa zrI amaracandajI koThArI kI antaraMga icchA evaM hArdika sahayoga se zrI kharataragaccha jaina saMgha, kolakAtA -ee 09-=

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zrutadAna kI paramparA ke smRti puruSa zrI amaracaMdajI koThArI yaha saMsAra eka raMgamaMca hai| isa raMgamaMca para anekAneka kalAkAra Ate haiM aura apanI bhUmikA adA kara vidA ho jAte haiN| parantu kucha kalAkAra aise bhI hote haiM jo apanI amiTa chavi jana mAnasa para chor3a jAte haiN| jina zAsana ke maMca para sAdhu-sAdhvI to AdaraNIya evaM vaMdanIya hote hI haiM parantu kucha gRhastha bhI aise hote haiM jinheM samasta saMgha ke dvArA sammAnanIya dRSTi se dekhA jAtA hai| sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke lie bhI ve preraNA rUpa hote haiN| bAhya veza se ve bhale hI sAdhu na hoM parantu unakI AMtarika sAdhanA kisI sAdhaka puruSa se kama nahIM hotii| kalakattA samAja meM eka aise hI sAdhaka puruSa haiM zrI amaracaMdajI kotthaarii| ___ kalakattA jaina samAja hI nahIM apitu mAnava sevA se jur3A huA hara vyakti amaracaMdajI ko deva rUpa mAnatA hai| mandasaura (madhya pradeza) nivAsI zrI iMdracaMdajI koThArI ke yahA~ san 1921 meM ApakA janma huaa| vyavasAya kI dRSTi se Apa pArivArika kucha sadasyoM ke sAtha kalakattA Ae tathA Ayurvedika jar3I-bUTiyoM kA vyApAra prArambha kiyaa| Aja umra ke nau dazaka pAra karane ke bAda bhI Apa vyApAra karate haiM evaM apane vyApAra meM Top para haiN| apanI tIna pIr3hiyoM ko Apane eka sUtra meM saMyukta parivAra ke rUpa meM pirokara rakhA hai| kharataragaccha jaina saMgha kolakAtA ke gaThana hone ke bAda se Apa adhyakSa pada ko alaMkRta kara rahe haiN| mAnava sevA hetu gaThita jaina kalyANa saMgha ke Apa Founder Member haiM tathA vahA~ para vibhinna padoM para bhI rahe haiN| isI ke sAtha Apa avadha sevA samAja ke adhyakSa haiN| zikharajI jaina myUjiyama, jinezvara sUri phAuNDezana ke mukhya phAuNDara membarsa meM ApakA bhI samAveza hai| 'sarve bhavantu sukhinaH' kI bhAvanA ke sAtha Apa paramArtha evaM samAja

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x... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka sevA meM sadA saMlagna rahate haiN| zikSA evaM cikitsA ke kSetra meM ApakI vizeSa abhiruci hai| Apa varSa meM aneka bAra muphta netra cikitsA Adi ziviroM kA Ayojana karate haiN| apanI janmabhUmi meM Apane mandira evaM upAzraya kA jIrNoddhAra karavAkara bhAvI pIr3hI ke lie use ciraMjIvI banAyA hai| Apa alpa parigrahI jIvana jIte hue apanI samasta Aya kA sadupayoga jana kalyANa hetu karate haiN| 90 varSa kI avasthA meM bhI Apa niyamita sAmAyika, jinadarzana, navakArasI, cauvihAra, mauna Adi kI sAdhanA karate haiN| yaha kahanA atizayokti nahIM hogI ki 'deha meM rahakara bhI Apa deha se bhinna haiM / ' san 2011 meM sAdhvI saumyaguNA zrIjI ke kalakattA cAturmAsa ke daurAna unakI vyAkhyAna zailI evaM nirapekSa jIvana se prabhAvita hokara Apane zrI kharataragaccha saMgha kolakAtA dvArA unakI zodha kRti ko prakAzita karavAne kI bhAvanA abhivyakta kI thii| Apa jaise utsAhavardhI, Adarza vyaktitva ke dhanI zrAvaka varga hI sAdhu-sAdhvI evaM samAja ko satkAryoM ke lie prerita kara sakate haiN| sajjanamaNi granthamAlA Apake ujjvala evaM dedIpyamAna jIvana kI bhUyobhUyaH anumodanA karatA hai tathA jina zAsana ke lie Apa sadRza zrAvaka ratna kI yAcanA karatA hai|

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sampAdakIya jaina dharma ke prAcIna granthoM meM caturvidha mokSa mArga kA pratipAdana dekhA jAtA hai| usameM samyaka darzana, samyaka jJAna, samyaka cAritra ke sAtha-sAtha samyaka tapa ko mokSa mArga mAnA gayA hai| zvetAmbara paramparAvartI uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM tathA digambara paramparA meM AcArya kundakunda ke granthoM meM isI mokSa mArga kA vivecana huA hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra to spaSTa rUpa se yaha kahatA hai ki mokSa icchuka samyaka jJAna ke dvArA tattva ke svarUpa ko jAne, samyaka darzana ke dvArA usa para zraddhA kare, samyaka cAritra ke dvArA AtmA tattvoM ko grahaNa kareM aura samyaka tapa ke dvArA AtmA kI zuddhi kreN| isa prakAra AtmA kI vizuddhi kA sAdhana tapa hI mAnA gayA hai| jaina darzana mAnya nau tattvoM kI avadhAraNA meM pUrva karmoM kI nirjarA ke lie tapa ko hI sAdhana mAnA gayA hai| tattvArthasUtra meM bhI isakA samarthana kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra tapa Atma vizuddhi kA hetu hai aura mokSa kI upalabdhi kA anantara kAraNa hai| yahA~ yaha jJAtavya hai ki jaina paramparA meM tapa ke do vibhAga kie gae haiMbAhya aura aantrik| upavAsa Adi ko bAhya tapa kahA gayA hai jabaki svAdhyAya, sevA, dhyAna, kAyotsarga Adi ko Antarika tapa kahate haiN| yaha kahA jAtA hai ki samyaka cAritra ke dvArA nae karmoM ke Agamana ko rokA jA sakatA hai, isase saMvara ho sakatA hai kintu pUrva saMcita karmoM kI AtmA se vizuddhi arthAta nirjarA tapa ke dvArA hI hotI hai| suspaSTa hai ki jaina dharma tapa pradhAna dharma hai| bauddha paramparA ne jainoM kI AlocanA isI AdhAra para kI thI ki ve tapa sAdhanA para atyadhika bala dete haiN| yaha satya hai ki jaina dharma meM deha daNDana ko sthAna milA hai kintu jaina paramparA ajJAna mUlaka deha daNDana kI virodhI bhI rahI hai| kamaTha kI kaThora paMcAgni tapa sAdhanA kI bhagavAna pArzva ne samAlocanA kI thI aura kahA thA ki tapa jJAna aura viveka pUrvaka honA caahie| tapa apane lie yA dUsaroM ke lie kaSTa athavA kaSAya kA hetu nahIM honA caahie|

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xii...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka jaina paramparA meM tapa sAdhanA ke lie jo pratyAkhyAna yA niyama karavAe jAte haiM unameM spaSTata: yaha kahA gayA hai ki tapa usI samaya taka karaNIya hai jaba taka vaha hamArI Atma vizuddhi evaM samAdhi meM sahAyaka ho ata: tapa ko pramukhatA dete hue bhI jaina cintakoM ne ajJAna mUlaka evaM hiMsA mUlaka tapa aura tyAga kI sadaiva AlocanA kI hai| jaina paramparA meM prAcIna kAla se tyAga, vairAgya aura jJAnamUlaka tapa ko hI mahattva diyA gayA hai| tapa Asakti tor3ane kA anupama sAdhana hai| vyakti meM sabase adhika Asakti deha Asakti hai, usa dehAsakti kI kamI kA parIkSaNa karane ke lie tapa hI eka mAtra mAdhyama hai| yaha satya hai ki zarIra ke binA sAdhanA nahIM ho sakatI ataH jahA~ eka ora jaina darzana upavAsa Adi tapa ko mahattva detA hai vahIM dUsarI ora vaha yaha bhI mAnatA hai ki sAdhanA kA AdhAra deha hai ata: deha kA saMrakSaNa Avazyaka hai|jain AmnAya ekAnta rUpa se kaThora tapasyA kI samarthaka bhI nahIM hai| isake anusAra tapa Avazyaka hai kintu vaha mAtra deha ko daNDa denA nahIM hai apitu caitasika zuddhi kA bhI anupama upAya hai| jaina paramparA ke prAcIna AgamoM meM vividha prakAra ke tapoM kA ullekha milatA hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke tIsaveM adhyAya meM cha: bAhya tapoM kA svarUpa spaSTa karane ke pazcAta yaha bhI batAyA gayA hai ki tapa kA prayojana mAtra Atma vizaddhi hai| dazavaikAlikasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki sAdhaka aihika athavA pAralaukika upalabdhi ke lie tapa na kreN| use ekAnta nirjarA ke lie tapa karanA caahie| antagar3adazA ke vartamAna saMskaraNa meM AThaveM varga meM kanakAvalI, ratnAvalI, laghusiMhakrIDita, AyaMbila vardhamAna Adi tapoM kA ullekha huA hai| paravartI kAla meM jaina AcAryoM ne hindU paramparA se bhI aneka prakAra ke tapoM kA grahaNa kiyA hai aura yaha bhI satya hai ki kAlAntara meM jaina paramparA meM bhautika upalabdhi ke lie tapa kie jAne ke ullekha milate haiN| kintu merI dRSTi se yaha jaina paramparA kA vikRta svarUpa hI hai jo anya paramparAoM ke prabhAva se jainAcAra meM praviSTa ho gayA hai| AcAradinakara Adi paravartI granthoM meM vividha prakAra ke tapoM kA vistRta ullekha milatA hai| isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki jainoM kI tapa avadhAraNA kAlAntara meM anya

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tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka...xiii paramparAoM se prabhAvita hotI rahI hai aura usameM tapa jo eka mAtra Atma vizuddhi kA kAraNa thA use bhautika upalabdhi kA mArga bhI banAyA gyaa| sAdhvI saumyaguNA zrI ne mere nirdezana meM jaina paramparA ke vividha AyAmoM para zodha kArya kiyA hai aura usI ke antargata unhoMne jaina paramparA meM tapa kI avadhAraNA viSaya ko lekara bhI eka grantha ke praNayana kA prayatna kiyA hai| mujhe yaha likhate hue prasannatA kA anubhava ho rahA hai ki unhoMne DI. liTa hetu jo zodha mahAgrantha likhA hai vaha mUlabhUta granthoM ko AdhAra banAkara pramANikatA ke sAtha prastuta kiyA gayA hai| saumyaguNAjI kI zramazIlatA evaM adhyayana magnatA kA hI pariNAma hai ki Aja unhoMne jaina vidhi-vidhAna ke pratyeka pRSTha ko anAvRtta kara diyA hai| ina granthoM ko yadi jaina vidhi-vidhAnoM kA Encyclopedia kahA jAe to atizayokti nahIM hogii| Apa isI prakAra anya rahasyamayI viSayoM ke pardoM ko bhI udghATita kara unheM jana sAmAnya ke bIca laaeN| sAmAjika jimmedAriyoM ke bIca unakA yaha prayatna na kevala anumodanIya hai apitu abhipreraka bhI hai| merA vizvAsa hai ki ve isI prakAra prAmANika sAhitya kA sRjana karate hue zrutArAdhanA karatI raheMgI tathA unakA yaha grantha tapa ke sambandha meM sAdhakoM kA samyaka mArgadarzana karate hue Atma vizuddhi ke mArga para abhiprerita kregaa| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina prAcya vidyApITha, zAjApura

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AzIrvacana Aja mana atyanta AnaMdita hai| jinazAsana kI bagiyA ko mahakAne evaM use vividha raMga-biraMge puSpoM se surabhita karane kA jI svapna hara AcArya dekhA karatA hai Aja vaha svapna pUrNAhuti kI sImA para pahu~ca gayA hai| kharataragaccha kI choTI sI phulavArI kA eka suvikasita suyogya puSpa hai sAdhvI saumyaguNAjI, jisakI mahaka se Aja sampUrNa jagata sugandhita ho rahA hai| sAdhvIjI ke kRtitva ne sAdhvI samAja ke yogadAna ko cirasmRta kara diyA hai| AryA candanabAlA se lekara aba taka mahAvIra ke zAsana ko pragatizIla rakhane meM sAdhvI samudAya kA vizeSa sahayoga rahA hai| viduSI sAdhvI saumyaguNAjI kI adhyayana rasikatA, jJAna praur3hatA evaM zruta tallInatA se jaina samAja akSarazaH paricita hai| Aja varSoM kA dIrgha parizrama jaina samAja ke samakSa 23 khaNDoM ke rUpa meM prastuta ho rahA hai| sAdhvIjI ne jaina vidhi-vidhAna ke vividha pakSoM ko bhinna-bhinna apekSAoM se udghATita kara isakI traikAlika prAsaMgikatA ko susiddha kiyA hai| inhoMne zrAvaka evaM sAdhu ke lie AcaraNIya aneka vidhividhAnoM kA aitihAsika, vaijJAnika, samIkSAtmaka, tulanAtmaka svarUpa prastuta karate hue niSpakSa dRSTi se vividha paramparAoM meM prApta isake svarUpa ko bhI spaSTa kiyA hai| sAdhvIjI isI prakAra jaina zruta sAhitya ko apanI kRtiyoM se rozana karatI rahe evaM apane jJAna gAMbhIrya kA rasAsvAdana sampUrNa jaina samAja ko karavAtI rahe, yahI kAmanA karatA huuN| anya sAdhvI maNDala inase preraNA prApta kara apanI atula kSamatA se saMgha-samAja ko lAbhAnvita kareM evaM jaina sAhitya kI anudghATita paratoM ko kholane kA prayatna kareM, jisase Ane vAlI bhAvI pIr3hI jainAgamoM ke rahasyoM kA rasAsvAdana kara paaeN| isI ke sAtha dharma se vimukha evaM vizrRMkhalita hotA jaina samAja vidhi-vidhAnoM ke mahattva ko samajha pAe tathA vartamAna meM phaila rahI bhrAnta

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tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka ...xv mAnyatAe~ evaM ADaMbara samyaka dizA ko prApta kara skeN| punazca maiM sAdhvIjI ko unake prayAsoM ke lie sAdhuvAda dete hue yaha maMgala kAmanA karatA hU~ ki ve isI prakAra sAhitya utkarSa ke mArga para agrasara raheM evaM sAhityAnveSiyoM kI preraNA bneN| AcArya kailAsa sAgara sari nAkor3A tIrtha hara kriyA kI apanI eka vidhi hotI hai| vidhi kI upasthiti vyakti ko maryAdA bhI detI hai aura usa kriyA ke prati saMkalpa-baddha rahate hue puruSArtha karane kI preraNA bhii| yahI kAraNa hai ki jina zAsana maiM hara kriyA kI apanI eka svataMtra vidhi hai| prAcIna granthoM meM varNana upalabdha hotA hai ki bharata mahArAjA ne hara zrAvaka ke gale meM samyaka darzana,samyaka jJAna aura samyaka cAritra rupa triratnoM kI janoI dhAraNa karavAI thii| kAlAntara meM jaina zrAvakoM meM yaha paramparA vilupta ho gii| digambara zrAvakoM meM Aja bhI yaha paramparA gatimAna hai| jisa prakAra brAhmaNoM meM solaha saMskAroM kI vidhi pracalita hai| ThIka usI prakAra jaina granthoM meM bhI solaha saMskAroM kI vidhi kA ullekha hai| AcArya zrI vardhamAnasUri kharataragaccha kI rudrapallIya zAravA meM hae pandrahavIM-solahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAna AcArya the| AcAradinakara nAmaka grantha maiM ina solaha saMskAroM kA vistRta nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| hAlAMki gahana adhyayana karane para mAlUma hotA hai ki AcArya zrI vardhamAnasari para tatkAlIna brAhmaNa vidhiyoM kA paryApta prabhAva thA, kintu svataMtra vidhi-grantha ke hisAba se unakA yaha grantha adbhuta evaM maulika hai| sAdhvI saumyaguNA zrIjI ne jaina gRhastha ke vrata grahaNa saMbaMdhI vidhi vidhAnoM para tulanAtmaka evaM samIkSAtmaka adhyayana karake prastuta grantha kI racanA kI hai| yaha bahuta hI upayogI grantha sAbita hogA, isameM koI zaMkA nahIM hai| sAdhvI saumyaguNAjI sAmAjika dAyitvoM meM vyasta hone para bhI ciMtanazIla evaM puruSArthazIla haiN| kucha varSa pUrva meM

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xvi... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka vidhimArgaprapA nAmaka grantha para zodha prabandha prastuta kara apanI vidvattA kI anUThI chApa samAja para chor3a cukI haiN| maiM hArdika bhAvanA karatA hU~ ki sAdhvIjI kI adhyayanazIlatA lagAtAra bar3hatI rahe aura ve zAsana evaM gaccha kI sevA meM aise ratna upasthita karatI rheN| upAdhyAya zrI maNiprabhasAgara kisI bhI dharma darzana meM upAsanAoM kA vidhAna avazyameva hotA hai| vividha bhAratIya dharma-darzanoM meM AdhyAtmika utkarSa hetu aneka prakAra se upAsanAe~ batalAI gaI haiN| jIva mAtra ke kalyANa kI zubha kAmanA karane vAle hamAre pUjya RSi muniyoM dvArA zIla-tapa-japa Adi aneka dharma ArAdhanAoM kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| pratyeka upAsanA kA vidhi-krama alaga-alaga hotA hai| sAdhvIjI ne jaina vidhi vidhAnoM kA itihAsa aura tatsambandhI vaividhyapUrNa jAnakAriyA~ isa grantha meM dI hai| jJAna upAsikA sAdhvI zrI saumyaguNA zrIjI ne khUba mehanata karake isakA sundara saMyojana kiyA hai| bhavya jIvoM ko apane yogya vidhi-vidhAnoM ke bAre meM bahuta-sI jAnakAriyA~ isa grantha ke dvArA prApta ho sakatI hai| maiM jJAna nimagnA sAdhvI zrI saumyaguNA zrIjI ko hArdika dhanyavAda detA hU~ ki inhoMne caturvidha saMgha ke lie upayogI sAmagrI se yukta granthoM kA saMpAdana kiyA hai| maiM kAmanA karatA hU~ ki isake mAdhyama se aneka jJAnapipAsu apanA icchita lAbha prApta kreNge| AcArya padmasAgara sUri vinayAdyaneka guNagaNa garImAyamAnA viduSI sAdhvI zrI zaziprabhA zrIjI evaM saumyaguNA zrIjI Adi saparivAra sAdara anuvandanA sukhazAtA ke saath| Apa zAtA meM hoNge| ApakI saMyama yAtrA ke sAtha jJAna yAtrA

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tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka...xvii avirata cala rahI hogii| Apa jaina vidhi vidhAnoM ke viSaya meM zodha prabaMdha likha rahe haiM yaha jAnakara prasannatA huii| jJAna kA mArga anaMta hai| isameM jJAniyoM ke tAtpayarthi ke sAtha prAmANikatA pUrNa vyavahAra honA Avazyaka rhegaa| Apa isa kArya meM suMdara kArya karake jJAnopAsanA dvArA svazreya prApta kareM aisI zAsana deva se prArthanA hai| AcArya rAjazekhara sari bhadrAvatI tIrtha mahattarA zramaNIvaryA zrI zaziprabhAzrI jI yoga anuvaMdanA! Apake dvArA preSita patra prApta huaa| isI ke sAtha 'zodha prabandha sAra' ko dekhakara jJAta huA ki ApakI ziSyA sAdhvI saumyaguNA zrI dvArA kiyA gayA bRhadastarIya zodha kArya jaina samAja evaM zramaNazramaNI varga hetu upayogI jAnakArI kA kAraNa bnegaa| ApakA prayAsa sarAhanIya hai| zruta bhakti evaM jJAnArAdhanA svapara ke Atma kalyANa kA kAraNa bane yahI shubhaashiirvaad| AcArya ratnAkarasari jI kara rahe sva-para upakAra antarhadaya se unako amRta udgAra mAnava jIvana kA prAsAda vividhatA kI bahuvidha pRSTha bhUmiyoM para AdhRta hai| yaha na to sarala sIdhA rAjamArga (Straight like highway) hai na parvata kA sIdhA car3hAva (ascent) na ghATI kA utAra (descent) hai apitu yaha sAgara kI lahara (sea-wave) ke samAna gatizIla aura utAracar3hAva se yukta hai| usake jIvana kI gati sadaiva eka jaisI nahIM rhtii| kabhI car3hAva (Ups) Ate haiM to kabhI utAra (Downs) aura kabhI koI avarodha (Speed Breaker) A jAtA hai to kabhI koI (trun) bhI A

Page #20
xviii...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka jAtA hai| kucha avarodha aura mor3a tI itane khataranAka (sharp) aura prabala hote haiM ki mAnava kI gati-pragati aura sanmati lar3akhar3A jAtI hai, ruka jAtI hai ina badalatI huI paristhitiyoM ke sAtha anukUla samAyojana sthApita karane ke lie jaina darzana ke Apta manISiyoM ne pramukhataH dI prakAra ke vidhi-vidhAnoM kA ullekha kiyA hai- 1. bAhya vidhi-vidhAna 2. Antarika vidhi-vidhaan| bAhya vidhi-vidhAna ke mukhyataH cAra bheda haiM- 1. jAtIya vidhi-vidhAna 2. sAmAjika vidhi-vidhAna 3. vaidhAnika vidhi-vidhAna 4. dhArmika vidhividhaan| ___1. jAtIya vidhi-vidhAna- jAti kI samutkarSatA ke lie apanIapanI jAti meM eka mukhiyA yA pramukha hotA hai jisake Adeza ko svIkAra karanA pratyeka sadasya ke lie anivArya hai| mukhiyA naitika jIvana ke vikAsa hetu ucita-anucita vidhi-vidhAna nirdhArita karatA hai| una vidhi-vidhAnoM kA pAlana karanA hI naitika cetanA kA mAnadaNDa mAnA jAtA hai| 2. sAmAjika vidhi-vidhAna- naitika jIvana ko jIvaMta banAe rakhane ke lie samAja anekAneka AcAra-saMhitA kA nirdhAraNa karatA hai| samAja dvArA nirdhArita kartavyoM kI AcAra-saMhitA ko jyoM kA tyoM cupacApa svIkAra kara lenA hI naitika pratimAna hai| samAja meM pIr3hiyoM se cale Ane vAle sajjana puruSoM kA acchA AcaraNa yA vyavahAra samAja kA vidhi-vidhAna kahalAtA hai| jI ina vidhi-vidhAnoM kA AcaraNa karatA hai, vaha puruSa satpuruSa banane kI pAtratA kA vikAsa karatA hai| 3. vaidhAnika vidhi-vidhAna-anaitikatA-anAcAra jaisI hIna pravRttiyoM se mukta karavAne hetu rAja sattA ke dvArA anekavidha vidhi-vidhAna banAe jAte haiN| ina vidhi-vidhAnoM ke antargata 'yaha karanA ucita hai' athavA 'yaha karanA cAhie' Adi tathyoM kA nirUpaNa rahatA hai| rAja sattA dvArA Adezita vidhi-vidhAna kA pAlana Avazyaka hI nahIM anivArya bhI hai| ina niyamoM kA pAlana karane se cetanA azubha pravRttiyoM se alaga rahatI hai|

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tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka 4. dhArmika vidhi-vidhAna- isameM Apta puruSoM ke Adeza-nirdeza, vidhi - niSedha, karttavya-akartavya nirdhArita rahate haiN| jaina darzana meM " ANAe dhammo" kahakara ise spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| jainAgamoM meM sAdhaka ke lie jo vidhi-vidhAna yA AcAra nizcita kie gaye haiM, yadi unakA pAlana nahIM kiyA jAtA hai to Apta ke anusAra yaha karma anaitikatA kI koTi meM AtA hai| dhArmika vidhi-vidhAna jo arhat AdezAnusAra hai usakA dharmAcaraNa karatA huA vIra sAdhaka akutobhaya ho jAtA hai arthAta vaha kisI bhI prANI ko bhaya utpanna ho, vaisA vyavahAra nahIM krtaa| yahI sadvyavahAra dharma hai tathA yahI hamAre karmoM ke naitika mUlyAMkana kI kasauTI hai| tIrthaMkaraupadiSTa vidhi-niSedha mUlaka vidhAnoM ko naitikatA evaM anaitikatA kA mAnadaNDa mAnA gayA hai| ...xix laukika eSaNAoM se vimukta, arahanta pravAha meM vilIna, apramatta svAdhyAya rasikA sAdhvI ratnA saumyaguNA zrIjI ne jaina vAGmaya kI anamola kRti kharataragacchAcArya zrI jinaprabhasUri dvArA viracita vidhimArgaprapA meM gumphita jAjvalyamAna viSayoM para apanI tIkSNa prajJA se jaina vidhi-vidhAnoM kA tulanAtmaka evaM samIkSAtmaka adhyayana ko mukhyataH cAra bhAga ( 23 khaNDoM ) meM vargIkRta karane kA atulanIya kArya kiyA hai| zodha grantha ke anuzIlana se yaha spaSTataH ho jAtA hai ki sAdhvI saumyaguNA zrIjI ne cetanA ke UrdhIkaraNa hetu prastuta zodha grantha meM jina AjJA kA nirUpaNa kisI paramparA ke dAyare se nahIM prajJA kI kasauTI para kasa kara kiyA hai| prastuta kRti kI sabase mahatvapUrNa vizeSatA yaha hai ki hara paMkti prajJA ke Aloka se jagamagA rahI hai| buddhivAda ke isa yuga meM vidhi-vidhAna ko eka navya bhavya svarUpa pradAna karane kA sundara, samIcIna, samucita prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| Atma pipAsuoM ke lie evaM anusandhitsuoM ke lie yaha zruta nidhi Atma sammAnArjana, bhAva pariSkAra aura Antarika aujjvalya kI niSpatti meM sahAyaka siddha hogii| alpa samayAvadhi meM sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrIjI ne jisa pramANikatA evaM dArzanikatA se jina vacanoM ko paramparA ke Agraha se rikta tathA

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xx...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka sAmpradAyika mAnyatAoM ke durAgraha se mukta rakhakara sarvagrAhI zruta kA niSpAdana jaina vAGmaya ke kSitija para navya nakSatra ke rUpa meM kiyA hai| Apa zruta sAbhiruci meM nirantara pravahamAna banakara apane nirNaya, vizuddha vicAra evaM nirmala prajJA ke dvArA sadaiva sarala, sarasa aura sugama abhinava jJAna razmiyoM ko prakAzita karatI rheN| yahI antaHkaraNa AzIrvAda saha anekazaH anumodanA... abhinNdn| jinamahodaya sAgara sUri caraNaraja muni pIyUSa sAgara jaina vidhi kI anamIla nidhi yaha jAnakara atyanta prasannatA hai ki sAdhvI DaoN. saumyaguNA zrIjI ma.sA. dvArA "jaina-vidhi-vidhAnoM kA tulanAtmaka evaM samIkSAtmaka adhyayana" isa viSaya para suvistRta zodha prabandha sampAdita kiyA gayA hai| vastutaH kisI bhI kArya yA vyavasthA ke saphala niSpAdana meM vidhi (Procedure) kA apratima mahattva hai| prAcIna kAlIna saMskRtiyA~ cAhe vaha vaidika hI yA zramaNa, isase achUtI nahIM rhii| zramaNa saMskRti meM agragaNya hai- jaina sNskRti| isameM vihita vividha vidhi-vidhAna vaiyaktika, sAmAjika, Arthika, dhArmika evaM adhyAtmika jIvana ke vikAsa meM apanI mahatI bhUmikA adA karate haiN| isI tathya ko pratipAdita karatA hai prastuta zodha-prabandhI isa zodha prabandha kI prakAzana vailA maiM hama sAdhvIzrI ke kaThina prayatna kI Atmika anumodanA karate haiN| niHsaMdeha, jaina vidhi kI isa anamola nidhi se zrAvaka-zrAvikA, zramaNa-zramaNI, vidvAna-vicAraka sabhI lAbhAnvita hoNge| yaha vizvAsa karate haiM ki vartamAna yuvA pIr3hI ke lie bhI yaha kRti ati prAsaMgika hogI, kyoMki isake mAdhyama se unheM AcAra-paddhati yAni vidhi-vidhAnoM kA vaijJAnika pakSa bhI jJAta hogA aura vaha adhika AcAra niSTha bana skegii| sAdhvIzrI isI prakAra jinazAsana kI sevA meM samarpita rahakara svapara vikAsa meM upayogI baneM, yahI mNglkaamnaa| muni mahendrasAgara 1.2.13 bhadrAvatI

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tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka ...xxi viduSI AryA ratnA saumyaguNA zrIjI ne jaina vidhi vidhAnoM para vividha pakSIya bRhada zodha kArya saMpanna kiyA hai| cAra bhAgoM meM vibhAjita evaM 23 khaNDoM meM vargIkata yaha vizAla kArya niHsaMdeha anumodanIya, prazaMsanIya evaM abhinaMdanIya hai| zAsana deva se prArthanA hai ki unakI bauddhika kSamatA meM dina dUgunI rAta caugunI vRddhi ho| jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA kSayopazama jJAna guNa kI vRddhi ke sAtha Atma jJAna prApti meM sahAyaka bneN| yaha zodha grantha jJAna pipAsuoM kI pipAsA ko zAnta kare, yahI manohara abhilaassaa| mahattarA manohara zrI caraNaraja pravartinI kIrtiprabhA zrIjI dUdha ko dahI meM parivartita ___ karanA sarala hai| jAmana DAlie aura dahI taiyAra ho jAtA hai| kintu, dahI se makkhana nikAlanA kaThina hai| isake lie dahI ko mathanA par3atA hai| taba kahIM jAkara makkhana prApta hotA hai| isI prakAra adhyayana eka apekSA se sarala hai, kintu tulanAtmaka adhyayana kaThina hai| isake lie kaI zAstrI ko mathanA par3atA hai| sAdhvI saumyaguNA zrI ne jaina vidhi-vidhAnoM para racita sAhitya kA maMthana karake eka suMdara ciMtana prastuta karane kA jo prayAsa kiyA hai vaha atyaMta anumodanIya evaM prazaMsanIya hai|

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xxii... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka zubhakAmanA vyakta karatI hU~ ki yaha zAstramaMthana aneka sAdhakoM ke karmabaMdhana tor3ane meM sahAyaka bne| sAdhvI saveganidhi suzrAvaka zrI kAntilAlajI mukIma dvArA zodha prabaMdha sAra saMprApta huA | viduSI sAdhvI zrI saumyaguNAjI ke zodhasAra grantha ko dekhakara hI kalpanA hone lagI ki zodha grantha kitanA virATkAya hogaa| varSoM ke athaka parizrama evaM satata ruci pUrvaka kie gae kArya kA yaha suphala hai| vaiduSya saha vizAlatA isa zodha grantha kI vizeSatA hai| hamArI hArdika zubhakAmanA hai ki jIvana ke pratyeka kSetra meM unakA bahumukhI vikAsa ho! jinazAsana ke gagana meM unakI pratibhA, pavitratA evaM puNya kA divyanAda ho / kiM bahunA ! sAdhvI maNiprabhA zrI bhadrAvatI tIrtha

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amRta nAda prAcyakAla se hI bhAratIya paramparAvarttI bauddha evaM jaina granthoM meM tapa kI carcA prApta hotI hai| dIkSA ke pazcAta tIrthaMkara paramAtmA chadmastha avasthA kA adhikatama kAla tapa sAdhanA meM hI vyatIta karate haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra svayaM eka dIrgha tapasvI the| unhoMne tayugIna pracalita tapa praNAliyoM meM krAntikArI saMzodhana karate hue deha kaSTa ko pradhAnatA na dekara dhyAna evaM Azrava dvAroM ke nirodha ko tapa se jor3A / indriya lolupatA evaM deha mamatva kA tyAga hI upavAsa Adi tapa kA pradhAna uddezya hai| jaina mata meM svazakti ke anusAra bAhya evaM AbhyaMtara tapa kI prarUpaNA kI gaI hai aura ina donoM ke dvArA karma nirjarA ko saMbhava mAnA hai| vartamAna meM kaI loga tapa ko zArIrika kaSTadAyaka evaM kaSAya vardhaka mAnate haiM parantu yadi tapa ke sambandha meM vaijJAnika, AdhyAtmika, zArIrika Adi dRSTikoNoM se vicAra kiyA jAe to yaha eka susAdhya kriyA hai / Ajakala adhikAMza rogoM evaM samasyAoM kA mukhya kAraNa aniyaMtrita aura aniyamita khAna-pAna hai| isa yuga meM DAiTiMga, enimA, viTAmina TebaleTsa Adi kI bar3hatI AvazyakatA ko niyaMtrita karane meM tapa hI sahAyaka ho sakatA hai| Aja tapa ke abhAva meM vartamAna pIr3hI satpatha se bhaTaka rahI hai| tapa zArIrika svasthatA ke sAtha Antarika AnaMda evaM sphurti kI bhI anubhUti karavAtA hai ata: apane-apane sAmarthya ke anusAra sabhI ko tapa sAdhanA avazya karanI caahie| sAdhvI saumyaguNAjI kI bAlyakAla se hI tapa sAdhanA meM ruci rahI haiN| isI kA pariNAma hai ki ve alpAyu meM hI zreNI tapa, mAsakSamaNa, cattAri aTTha dasa doya, bIzasthAnaka, navapada olI Adi kaI tapasyAe~ kara cukI haiM aura Aja bhI tapa sAdhanA meM saMlagna haiN| adhyAtma nimagnA pravarttinI mahodayA pUjyA guruvaryyA zrI kI anAyAsa kRpA vRSTi ina para zurU se hI rahI hai| aura usI kI phalazruti rUpa ve unhIM ke jJAna patha kA anusaraNa karate hue

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xxiv...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka eka bRhad kArya ko sAkAra rUpa dene jA rahI hai| prastuta kRti meM jaina paramparA kI suvikhyAta zvetAmbara evaM digambara paramparA tathA bauddha, vaidika Adi paramparAoM kA tulanAtmaka evaM samIkSAtmaka adhyayana kara zodha kArya ko sarvajana upAdeya banAyA hai| ___ sAdhvIvaryA kI yaha prastuti yuvA varga meM tapa ke mahattva evaM AvazyakatA ko spaSTa karate hae unheM tapa mArga para Age bar3hane meM niHsandeha sahAyaka banegI aisI AzA hai| maiM sAdhvIjI kI gahana adhyayana niSThA evaM saMzodhaka vRtti kI sahRdaya anumodanA karate hue unheM sAdhuvAda detI huuN| zubhAkAMkSiNI AryA zaziprabhA zrI

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dIkSA guru pravartinI sajjana zrIjI ma.sA. eka paricaya rajatAbha rajakaNoM se raMjita rAjasthAna asaMkhya kIrti gAthAoM kA vaha razmi puMja hai jisane apanI AbhA ke dvArA saMpUrNa dharA ko dedIpyamAna kiyA hai| itihAsa ke pannoM meM jisakI pAvana pANDulipiyA~ aMkita hai aise raMgIle rAjasthAna kA vizruta nagara hai jypur| isa jauhariyoM kI nagarI ne aneka divya ratna isa vasudhA ko arpita kie| unhIM meM se kohinUra banakara jaina saMgha kI AbhA ko dIpta karane vAlA nAma hai- pUjyA pravartinI sajjana zrIjI m.saa.|| ApazrI isa kaliyuga meM satayuga kA bodha karAne vAlI sahaja sAdhikA thii| caturtha Are kA divya avatAra thii| jayapura kI puNya dharA se ApakA vizeSa sambandha rahA hai| Apake jIvana kI adhikAMza mahattvapUrNa ghaTanAe~ jaise- janma, vivAha, dIkSA, deha vilaya Adi isI vasudhA kI sAkSI meM ghaTita hue| __ ApakA jIvana prAkRtika saMyogoM kA anupama udAharaNa thaa| jaina paramparA ke terApaMthI AmnAya meM ApakA janma, sthAnakavAsI paramparA meM vivAha evaM mandiramArgI kharatara paramparA meM pravrajyA sampanna huii| Apake jIvana kA yahI triveNI saMgama ratnatraya kI sAdhanA ke rUpa meM jIvanta huaa| ApakA janma vaizAkhI buddha pUrNimA ke parva divasa ke dina huaa| Apa unhIM ke samAna tattvavettA, adhyAtma yogI, prajJAzIla sAdhaka thii| sajjanatA, madhuratA, saralatA, sahajatA, saMvedanazIlatA, paraduHkhakAtaratA Adi guNa to Apa meM janmata: parilakSita hote the| isI kAraNa ApakA nAma sajjana rakhA gayA aura yahI nAma dIkSA ke bAda bhI pravartita rhaa| saMyama grahaNa hetu dIrgha saMgharSa karane ke bAvajUda bhI Apane vinaya, mRdutA, sAhasa evaM manobala Digane nahIM diyaa| antata: 35 varSa kI Ayu meM pUjyA pravartinI jJAna zrIjI ma.sA. ke caraNoM meM bhAgavatI dIkSA aMgIkAra kii| dIvAna parivAra ke rAjazAhI ThATha meM rahane ke bAda bhI saMyamI jIvana kA hara choTA-bar3A kArya Apa atyaMta sahajatA pUrvaka karatI thii| choTe-bar3e sabhI kI

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xxvi...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka sevA hetu sadaiva tatpara rahatI thii| ApakA jIvana sadguNoM se yukta vidvattA kI divya mAlA thaa| Apa meM vidyamAna guNa zAstra kI nimna paMktiyoM ko caritArtha karate the zIlaM parahitAsakti, ranutsekaH kSamA dhRtiH| alobhazceti vidyAyAH, paripAkojjvalaM phalaH / / arthAta zIla, paropakAra, vinaya, kSamA, dhairya, nirlobhatA Adi vidyA kI pUrNatA ke ujjvala phala haiN| __ ahiMsA, tapa sAdhanA, satyaniSThA, gambhIratA, vinamratA evaM vidvAnoM ke prati asIma zraddhA unakI vidvattA kI paridhi meM zAmila the| ve kevala pustakeM par3hakara nahIM apitu unheM AcaraNa meM utAra kara mahAna banI thii| Apako zabda aura svara kI sAdhanA kA guNa bhI sahaja upalabdha thaa| dIkSA aMgIkAra karane ke pazcAta Apa 20 varSoM taka guru evaM guru bhaginiyoM kI sevA meM jayapura rhii| tadanantara kalyANaka bhUmiyoM kI sparzanA hetu pUrvI evaM uttarI bhArata kI padayAtrA kii| ApazrI ne 65 varSa kI Ayu aura usameM bhI jyeSTha mahIne kI bhayaMkara garmI meM siddhAcala tIrtha kI navvANu yAtrA kara eka nayA kIrtimAna sthApita kiyaa| rAjasthAna, gujarAta, uttara pradeza, baMgAla, bihAra Adi kSetroM meM dharma kI saritA pravAhita karate hue bhI Apa sadaiva jJAnadAna evaM jJAnapAna meM saMlagna rahatI thii| isI kAraNa loka paricaya, lokaiSaNA, lokAzaMsA Adi se atyaMta dUra rhii| ApazrI prakhara vaktA, zreSTha sAhitya sarjikA, tattva ciMtikA, Azu kavayitrI evaM bahabhASAvida thii| vidvadavarga meM Apa sarvottama sthAna rakhatI thii| hindI, gujarAtI, mAravAr3I, saMskRta, prAkRta, aMgrejI, urdU, paMjAbI Adi aneka bhASAoM para ApakA sarvAdhikAra thaa| jaina darzana ke pratyeka viSaya kA Apako marmasparzI jJAna thaa| Apa jyotiSa, vyAkaraNa, alaMkAra, sAhitya, itihAsa, zakuna zAstra, yoga Adi viSayoM kI bhI parama vettA thii| ___ upalabdha sahasra racanAe~ tathA anuvAdita sampAdita evaM likhita sAhitya ApakI kavitva zakti aura vilakSaNa prajJA ko prakaTa karate haiN| prabhu darzana meM tanmayatA, pratipala Atma ramaNatA, svAdhyAya magnatA, adhyAtma lInatA, nispRhatA, apramattatA, pUjyoM ke prati laghutA evaM choToM ke prati mRdutA Adi guNa ApazrI meM bejor3a the| haThavAda, Agraha, tarka-vitarka,

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tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka..xxvil ahaMkAra, svArtha bhAvanA kA Apa meM lavaleza bhI nahIM thaa| sabhI ke prati samAna sneha evaM mRdu vyavahAra, nirapekSatA evaM aMtaraMga viraktatA ke kAraNa Apa sarvajana priya aura AdaraNIya thii| ___ApakI guNa garimA se prabhAvita hokara gurujanoM evaM vidvAnoM dvArA Apako Agama jyoti, zAstra marmajJA, Azu kavayitrI, adhyAtma yoginI Adi sArthaka padoM se alaMkRta kiyA gyaa| vahIM sakala zrI saMgha dvArA Apako sAdhvI samudAya meM sarvocca pravartinI pada se bhI vibhUSita kiyA gyaa| ____ ApazrI ke udAtta vyaktitva evaM karmazIla kartRtva se prabhAvita hajAroM zraddhAluoM kI AsthA ko 'zramaNI' abhinandana grantha ke rUpa meM lokArpita kiyA gyaa| kharataragaccha paramparA meM aba taka Apa hI eka mAtra aisI sAdhvI haiM jina para abhinandana grantha likhA gayA hai| Apa meM samasta gaNa carama sImA para parilakSita hote the| koI sadagaNa aisA nahIM thA jisake darzana Apa meM nahIM hote ho| jisane Apako dekhA vaha ApakA hI hokara raha gyaa| Apake nirapekSa, nispRha evaM nirAsakta jIvana kI pUrNatA jaina evaM jainetara donoM paramparAoM meM mAnya, zAzvata ArAdhanA tithi 'mauna ekAdazI' parva ke dina huii| isa pAvana tithi ke dina Apane deha kA tyAga kara sadA ke lie mauna dhAraNa kara liyaa| Apake isa samAdhimaraNa ko zreSTha maraNa ke rUpa meM siddha karate hue upAdhyAya maNiprabha sAgarajI ma.sA. ne likhA hai mahimA terI kyA gAye hama, dina kaisA svIkAra kiyaa| mauna gyArasa mAlA japate, mauna sarvathA dhAra liyA guruvaryA tuma amara rahogI, sAdhaka kabhI na marate haiN|| __Aja parama pUjyA saMgharatnA zaziprabhA zrIjI ma.sA. Apake maMDala kA samyaka saMcAlana kara rahI haiN| yadyapi ApakA vicaraNa kSetra alpa rahA paraMtu Aja ApakA nAma digdiganta vyApta hai| Apake nAma smaraNa mAtra se hI hara prakAra kI Tension evaM vipadAe~ dUra ho jAtI hai|

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zikSA guru pUjyA zaziprabhA zrIjI ma.sA. eka paricaya 'dhoroM kI dharatI' ke nAma se vikhyAta rAjasthAna agaNita yazogAthAoM kA udbhava sthala hai| isa bahuratnA vasuMdharA para anekazaH vIra yoddhAoM, paramAtma bhaktoM evaM RSi-maharSiyoM kA janma haA hai| isI raMga-raMgIle rAjasthAna kI parama puNyavaMtI sAdhanA bhUmi hai zrI phlaudii| nayana ramya jinAlaya, dAdAbAr3iyoM evaM svAdhyAya guMja se zobhAyamAna upAzraya isakI aitihAsika dharma samRddhi evaM zAsana samarpaNa ke prabala pratIka haiN| isa mAtRbhUmi ne apane urvarA se kaI amUlya ratna jinazAsana kI sevA meM arpita kie haiN| cAhe phira vaha sAdhu-sAdhvI ke rUpa meM ho yA zrAvaka-zrAvikA ke rUpa meN| vi.saM. 2001 kI bhAdrakRSNA amAvasyA ko dharmaniSTha dAnavIra tArAcaMdajI evaM sarala svabhAvI bAlAdevI golechA ke gRhAMgaNa meM eka bAlikA kI kilakAriyAM gUMja rahI thii| amAvasyA ke dina udita huI yaha kiraNa bhaviSya meM jinazAsana kI anupama kiraNa banakara camakegI yaha kauna jAnatA thA? kahate haiM sajjanoM ke samparka meM Ane se durjana bhI sajjana bana jAte haiM taba samyakadRSTi jIva to niHsandeha sajjana kA saMga milane para svayameva hI mahAnatA ko prApta kara lete haiN| kiraNa meM tapa tyAga aura vairAgya ke bhAva janmajAta the| idhara pArivArika saMskAroM ne use adhika uphAna diyaa| pUrvopArjita satsaMskAroM kA jAgaraNa huA aura vaha bhuA mahArAja upayoga zrIjI ke patha para agrasara huii| apane bAla mana evaM komala tana ko guru caraNoM meM samarpita kara 14 varSa kI alpAyu meM hI kiraNa eka tejasvI sUrya razmi se zItala zazi ke rUpa meM pravartita ho gii| AcArya zrI kavIndra sAgara sUrIzvarajI ma.sA. kI nizrA meM marUdhara jyoti maNiprabhA zrIjI evaM ApakI bar3I dIkSA eka sAtha sampanna huii| ise puNya saMyoga kaheM yA guru kRpA kI phalazruti? Apane 32 varSa ke guru sAnnidhya kAla meM mAtra eka cAturmAsa guruvaryAzrI se alaga kiyA aura vaha bhI pUjyA pravartinI vicakSaNa zrIjI ma.sA. kI AjJA se| 32 varSa kI sAnnidhyatA meM Apa kula 32 mahIne bhI guru sevA se vaMcita nahIM rhii| Apake jIvana kI yaha

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tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka... xxix vizeSatA pUjyavaroM ke prati sarvAtmanA samarpaNa, agAdha sevA bhAva evaM gurukula vAsa ke mahattva ko iMgita karatI hai| ApazrI saralatA, sahajatA, sahanazIlatA, sahRdayatA, vinamratA, sahiSNutA, dIrghadarzitA Adi aneka divya guNoM kI puMja haiN| saMyama pAlana ke prati ApakI niSThA evaM manobala kI dRr3hatA yaha Apake jina zAsana samarpaNa kI sUcaka hai| ApakA nizchala, niSkapaTa, nirdambha vyaktitva janamAnasa meM ApakI chavi ko cirasthApita karatA hai| ApazrI kA bAhya AcAra jitanA anumodanIya hai, AMtarika bhAvoM kI nirmalatA bhI utanI hI anuzaMsanIya hai| ApakI isI guNavattA ne kaI patha bhraSToM ko bhI dharmAbhimukha kiyA hai| ApakA vyavahAra hara varga ke evaM hara umra ke vyaktiyoM ke sAtha eka samAna rahatA hai| isI kAraNa Apa AbAla vRddha sabhI meM samAdRta haiN| hara koI binA kisI saMkoca yA hicaka ke Apake samakSa apane manobhAva abhivyakta kara sakatA hai| zAstroM meM kahA gayA hai 'santa hRdaya navanIta samAnA'- ApakA hRdaya dUsaroM ke lie makkhana ke samAna komala aura sahiSNu hai| vahIM isake viparIta Apa svayaM ke lie vajra se bhI adhika kaThora haiN| ApazrI apane niyamoM ke prati atyanta dRr3ha evaM atula manobalI haiN| Aja jIvana ke lagabhaga sattara basaMta pAra karane ke bAda bhI Apa yuvAoM ke samAna apramatta, sphurtimAna evaM utsAhI rahatI haiN| vihAra meM ApazrI kI gati samasta sAdhvI maMDala se adhika hotI hai| AhAra Adi zArIrika AvazyakatAoM ko Apane alpAyu se hI sImita evaM niyaMtrita kara rakhA hai| nitya ekAzanA, purimaDDha pratyAkhyAna Adi ke prati Apa atyaMta custa haiN| jisa prakAra siMha apane zatruoM para vijaya prApta karane hetu pUrNataH saceta evaM tatpara rahatA hai vaise hI ApazrI viSaya- kaSAya rUpI zatruoM kA damana karane meM satata jAgarUka rahatI haiN| viSaya vardhaka adhikAMza vigaya jaisemiThAI, kar3hAI, dahI Adi kA Apake sarvathA tyAga hai / ApazrI Agama, dharma darzana, saMskRta, prAkRta, gujarAtI Adi vividha viSayoM kI jJAtA evaM unakI adhikAriNI hai| vyAvahArika stara para bhI Apane ema.e. ke samakakSa darzanAcArya kI parIkSA uttIrNa kI hai| adhyayana ke saMskAra Apako guru paramparA se vaMzAnugata rUpa meM prApta hue haiN| ApakI nizrAgata guru bhaginiyoM evaM ziSyAoM ke adhyayana, saMyama pAlana tathA AtmokarSa ke prati

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xxx... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka Apa sadaiva saceSTa rahatI haiN| ApazrI eka saphala anuzAstA haiM yahI vajaha hai ki ApakI dekharekha meM sajjana maNDala kI phulavArI unnati evaM utkarSa ko prApta kara rahI haiN| tapa aura japa Apake jIvana kA abhinna aMga hai| 'OM hrIM aha' pada kI raTanA pratipala Apake roma-roma meM guMjAyamAna rahatI hai / jIvana kI kaThina se kaThina paristhitiyoM meM bhI Apa tadanukUla manaHsthiti banA letI haiN| Apa hamezA kahatI haiM ki jo-jo dekhA vItarAga ne, so so hosI vIrA re / anahonI nA hota jagata meM, phira kyoM hota adhIrA re / / ApakI paramAtma bhakti evaM gurudeva ke prati pravardhamAna zraddhA darzanIya hai| ApakA AgamAnurUpa vartana Apako nisandeha mahAna puruSoM kI koTI meM upasthita karatA hai| ApazrI eka jana prabhAvI vaktA evaM saphala zAsana sevikA haiN| ApazrI kI preraNA se jinazAsana kI zAzvata paramparA ko akSuNNa rakhane meM sahayogI anekazaH jinamaMdiroM kA nirmANa evaM jIrNoddhAra huA hai| zruta sAhitya ke saMvardhana meM ApazrI ke sAtha ApakI nizrArata sAdhvI maMDala kA bhI viziSTa yogadAna rahA hai| aba taka 25-30 pustakoM kA lekhana saMpAdana ApakI preraNA se sAdhvI maMDala dvArA ho cukA hai evaM aneka viSayoM para kArya abhI bhI gatimAna hai| bhArata ke vividha kSetroM kA pada bhramaNa karate hue Apane aneka kSetroM meM dharma evaM jJAna kI jyoti jAgRta kI hai| rAjasthAna, gujarAta, madhyapradeza, cha.ga., yU. pI., bihAra, baMgAla, tamilanADu, karnATaka, mahArASTra, jhArakhaMDa, Andhrapradeza Adi aneka prAntoM kI yAtrA kara Apane unheM apanI padaraja se pavitra kiyA hai| ina kSetroM meM hue Apake aitihAsika cAturmAsoM kI cirasmRti sabhI ke mAnasa paTala para sadaiva aMkita rahegI / anta meM yahI kahU~gI cintana meM jisake ho kSamatA, vANI meM sahaja madhuratA ho / AcaraNa meM saMyama jhalake, vaha zraddhAspada bana jAtA hai| jo antara meM hI ramaNa kareM, vaha santa puruSa kahalAtA hai| jo bhItara meM hI bhramaNa kareM, vaha santa puruSa kahalAtA hai / / aisI virala sAdhikA AryAratna pUjyAzrI ke caraNa sarojoM meM merA jIvana sadA bhramaravat guMjana karatA rahe, yahI antarakAmanA /

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sAdhvI saumyAjI kI zodha yAtrA ke svarNima pala __ sAdhvI priyadarzanAzrI ___Aja saumyaguNAjI ko saphalatA ke isa uttuMga zikhara para dekhakara aisA laga rahA hai mAno cira rAtri ke bAda aba yaha manabhAvana aruNima velA udita huI ho| Aja isa saphalatA ke pIche rahA unakA athaka parizrama, anekaza: bAdhAe~, viSaya kI durUhatA evaM dIrgha prayAsa ke viSaya meM socakara hI mana abhibhUta ho jAtA hai| jisa prakAra kisAna bIja bone se lekara phala prApti taka aneka prakAra se svayaM ko tapAtA evaM khapAtA hai aura taba jAkara use phala kI prApti hotI hai yA phira jaba koI mAtA nau mahIne taka garbha meM bAlaka ko dhAraNa karatI hai taba use mAtRtva sukha kI prApti hotI hai ThIka usI prakAra saumyaguNAjI ne bhI isa kArya kI siddhi hetu mAtra eka yA do varSa nahIM apitu satraha varSa taka nirantara kaThina sAdhanA kI hai| isI sAdhanA kI A~ca meM tapakara Aja 23 Volumes ke bRhad rUpa meM inakA svarNima kArya jana grAhya bana rahA hai| Aja bhI eka-eka ghaTanA mere mAnasa paTala para philma ke rUpa meM ubhara rahI hai| aisA lagatA hai mAno abhI kI hI bAta ho, saumyAjI ko hamAre sAtha rahate hue 28 varSa hone jA rahe haiM aura ina varSoM meM inheM eka sundara salonI gur3iyA se eka viduSI zAsana prabhAvikA, gUDhAnveSI sAdhikA banate dekhA hai| eka pA~cavIM par3hI huI lar3akI Aja D.LIt kI padavI se vibhUSita hone vAlI hai| vaha bhI koI sAmAnya D.Lit. nahIM, 22-23 bhAgoM meM kiyA gayA eka bRhad kArya aura jisakA ekaeka bhAga eka zodha prabandha (Thesis) ke samAna hai| aba taka zAyada hI kisI bhI zodhArthI ne DI.liTa kArya itane adhika Volumes meM sampanna kiyA hogaa| lADanUM vizvavidyAlaya kI prathama DI.liTa. zodhArthI saumyAjI ke isa kArya ne vizvavidyAlaya ke aitihAsika kAryoM meM svarNima pRSTha jor3ate hue zreSThatama udAharaNa prastuta kiyA hai| satraha varSa pahale hama loga pUjyA guruvaryAzrI ke sAtha pUrvI kSetra kI sparzanA

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xxxii...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka kara rahe the| banArasa meM DaoN. sAgaramalajI dvArA Agama granthoM ke gUr3ha rahasyoM ko jAnane kA yaha eka svarNima avasara thA ataH san 1995 meM gurvAjJA se maiM, saumyAjI evaM nUtana dIkSita sAdhvIjI ne bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kI janmabhUmi vArANasI kI ora apane kadama bddh'aae| zikharajI Adi tIrthoM kI yAtrA karate hue hama loga dharma nagarI kAzI phNce| vArANasI sthita pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vahA~ ke mandiroM evaM paMDitoM ke maMtranAda se dUra nIrava vAtAvaraNa meM adbhuta zAMti kA anubhava karavA rahA thaa| adhyayana hetu manojJa evaM anukUla sthAna thaa| saMyogavaza marUdhara jyoti pUjyA maNiprabhA zrIjI ma.sA. kI nizrAvartI, merI bacapana kI sakhI pUjyA vidyutaprabhA zrIjI Adi bhI adhyayanArtha vahA~ padhArI thii| DaoN. sAgaramalajI se vicAra vimarza karane ke pazcAta AcArya jinaprabhasUri racita vidhimArgaprapA para zodha karane kA nirNaya liyA gyaa| san 1973 meM pUjya guruvaryA zrI sajjana zrIjI ma.sA. baMgAla kI bhUmi para padhArI thii| svAdhyAya rasika AgamajJa zrI agaracandajI nAhaTA, zrI bha~valAlajI nAhaTA se pUjyAzrI kI pArasparika svAdhyAya carcA calatI rahatI thii| ekadA pUjyAzrI ne kahA ki merI hArdika icchA hai jinaprabhasUrikRta vidhimArgaprapA Adi granthoM kA anuvAda ho| pUjyAzrI yoga-saMyoga vaza usakA anuvAda nahIM kara paaii| viSaya kA cayana karate samaya mujhe guruvaryA zrI kI vahI icchA yAda AI yA phira yaha kahUM to atizayokti nahIM hogI ki saumyAjI kI yogyatA dekhate hue zAyada pUjyAzrI ne hI mujhe isakI antas preraNA dii| yadyapi yaha graMtha vidhi-vidhAna ke kSetra meM bahu upayogI thA parantu prAkRta evaM saMskRta bhASA meM Abaddha hone ke kAraNa usakA hindI anuvAda karanA Avazyaka ho gyaa| saumyAjI ke zodha kI kaThina parIkSAe~ yahIM se prArambha ho gii| unhoMne sarvaprathama prAkRta vyAkaraNa kA jJAna kiyaa| tatpazcAta dina-rAta eka kara pA~ca mahInoM meM hI isa kaThina graMtha kA anuvAda apanI kSamatA anusAra kara ddaalaa| lekina yahIM para samasyAe~ samApta nahIM huii| saumyaguNAjI jo ki rAjasthAna vizvavidyAlaya jayapura se darzanAcArya (ema.e.) thIM, banArasa meM pI-eca.DI. hetu Avedana nahIM kara sakatI thii| jisa lakSya ko lekara Ae the vaha kArya pUrNa nahIM hone se mana thor3A vicalita huA parantu vizvavidyAlaya ke niyamoM ke kAraNa hama

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tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka.xxxiii kucha bhI karane meM asamartha the ata: pUjya guruvaryAzrI ke caraNoM meM pahu~cane hetu punaH kalakattA kI ora prayANa kiyaa| hamArA vaha cAturmAsa saMgha Agraha ke kAraNa puna: kalakattA nagarI meM huaa| vahA~ se cAturmAsa pUrNakara dharmAnurAgI janoM ko zIghra Ane kA AzvAsana dete hue pUjyAzrI ke sAtha jayapura kI ora vihAra kiyaa| jayapura meM Agama jyoti, pUjyA guruvaryA zrI sajjana zrIjI ma.sA. kI samAdhi sthalI mohanabAr3I meM mUrti pratiSThA kA Ayojana thA ata: ugra vihAra kara hama loga jayapura phuNceN| bahuta hI sundara aura bhavya rUpa meM kAryakrama sampanna huaa| jayapura saMgha ke ati Agraha se pUjyAzrI evaM saumyaguNAjI kA cAturmAsa jayapura hI huaa| jayapura kA svAdhyAyI zrAvaka varga saumyAjI se kAphI prabhAvita thaa| yadyapi banArasa meM pI-eca.DI. nahIM ho pAI thI kintu saumyAjI kA adhyayana AMzika rUpa meM cAlU thaa| usI bIca DaoN. sAgaramalajI ke nirdezAnusAra jayapura saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya ke pro. DaoN. zItalaprasAda jaina ke mArgadarzana meM dharmAnurAgI zrI navaratanamalajI zrImAla ke Der3ha varSa ke athaka prayAsa se unakA rajisTrezana huaa| sAmAjika jimmedAriyoM ko saMbhAlate hae unhoMne apane kArya ko gati dii| pI-eca.DI. kA kArya prArambha to kara liyA parantu sAdhu jIvana kI maryAdA, viSaya kI durUhatA evaM zodha Adi ke viSaya meM anubhavahInatA se kaI bAdhAe~ utpanna hotI rhii| nirdezaka mahodaya digambara paramparA ke hone se zvetAmbara vidhividhAnoM ke viSaya meM unase bhI vizeSa sahayoga milanA muzkila thA ata: saumyAjI ko jo karanA thA apane balabUte para hI karanA thaa| yaha saumyAjI hI thI jinhoMne itanI bAdhAoM aura rUkAvaToM ko pAra kara isa zodha kArya ko aMjAma diyaa| ___jayapura ke pazcAta kuzala gurudeva kI pratyakSa sthalI mAlapurA meM cAturmAsa huaa| vahA~ para lAibrerI Adi kI asuvidhAoM ke bIca bhI unhoMne apane kArya ko pUrNa karane kA prayAsa kiyaa| tadanantara jayapura meM eka mahInA rahakara mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgarajI se isakA karekzana karavAyA tathA kucha sAmagrI saMzodhana hetu DaoN. sAgaramalajI ko bhejii| yahA~ taka to unakI kArya gati acchI rahI kintu isake bAda lambe vihAra hone se unakA kArya prAyaH avarUddha ho gyaa| phira agalA cAturmAsa pAlItANA huaa| vahA~ para Ane vAle yAtrIgaNoM kI bhIr3a aura tapa sAdhanA-ArAdhanA meM adhyayana nahIMvata hI ho paayaa| puna: sAdhu jIvana

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xxxiv...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka ke niyamAnusAra eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna kI ora kadama bddh'aae| rAyapura (cha.ga.) jAne hetu lambe vihAroM ke calate ve apane kArya ko kiMcita bhI saMpAdita nahIM kara pA rahI thii| rAyapura pahu~cate-pahu~cate Registration kI avadhi antima caraNa taka pahu~ca cukI thI ataH cAturmAsa ke pazcAta muditaprajJA zrIjI aura inheM rAyapura chor3akara zeSa logoM ne anya AsapAsa ke kSetroM kI sparzanA kii| rAyapura nivAsI sunIlajI botharA ke sahayoga se do-tIna mAsa meM pUre kAma ko zodha prabandha kA rUpa dekara use san 2001 meM rAjasthAna vizvavidyAlaya meM prastuta kiyA gayA / yena kena prakAreNa isa zodha kArya ko inhoMne svayaM kI himmata se pUrNa kara hI diyA / tadanantara 2002 kA baiMgalora cAturmAsa sampanna kara mAlegA~va phuNce| vahA~ para saMgha ke prayAsoM se cAturmAsa ke antima dina unakA zodha vAyavA saMpanna huA aura unheM kucha hI samaya meM pI-eca. DI. kI padavI vizvavidyAlaya dvArA pradAna kI gii| san 1995 banArasa meM prArambha huA kArya san 2003 mAlegA~va meM pUrNa huaa| isa kAlAvadhi ke daurAna samasta saMghoM ko unakI pI-eca.DI. ke viSaya meM jJAta ho cukA thA aura viSaya bhI rucikara thA ataH use prakAzita karane hetu vividha saMghoM se Agraha hone lgaa| isI Agraha ne unake zodha ko eka nayA mor3a diyaa| saumyAjI kahatI 'mere pAsa batAne ko bahuta kucha hai, parantu vaha prakAzana yogya nahIM hai' aura sahI mAyane meM zodha prabandha sAmAnya janatA ke lie utanA sugama nahIM hotA ataH guruvaryyA zrI ke pAlItAnA cAturmAsa ke daurAna vidhimArgaprapA ke artha kA saMzodhana evaM avAntara vidhiyoM para Thosa kArya karane hetu ve ahamadAbAda phuNcii| isI daurAna pUjya upAdhyAya zrI maNiprabhasAgarajI ma. sA. ne bhI isa kArya kA pUrNa sarvekSaNa kara usameM apekSita sudhAra krvaae| tadanantara L. D. Institute ke prophesara jitendra bhAI, phira kobA lAibrerI se manoja bhAI sabhI ke sahayoga se vidhimArgaprapA ke artha meM rahI truTiyoM ko sudhArate hue use navIna rUpa diyaa| isI adhyayana kAla ke daurAna jaba ve kobA meM vidhi granthoM kA AloDana kara rahI thI taba DaoN. sAgaramalajI kA bAyapAsa sarjarI hetu vahA~ padArpaNa huaa| saumyAjI ko vahA~ adhyayanarata dekhakara bole- " Apa to hamArI vidyArthI ho, yahA~ kyA kara rahI ho? zAjApura padhArie maiM yathAsaMbhava hara sahayoga dene kA prayAsa kruuNgaa|" yadyapi vidhi vidhAna DaoN. sAgaramalajI kA viSaya nahIM thA parantu unakI jJAna praur3hatA evaM anubhava zIlatA saumyAjI ko sahI dizA dene hetu

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tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka..xxxv paryApta thii| vahA~ se vidhimArgaprapA kA navInIkaraNa kara ve guruvaryyAzrI ke sAtha mumbaI cAturmAsArtha giiN| mahAvIra svAmI derAsara pAyadhunI se vidhiprapA kA prakAzana bahuta hI sundara rUpa meM huaa| kisI bhI kArya meM bAra-bAra bAdhAe~ Ae to utsAha evaM pravAha svataH manda ho jAtA hai, parantu saumyAjI kA utsAha viparIta paristhitiyoM meM bhI vRddhiMgata rhaa| mumbaI kA cAturmAsa pUrNakara ve zAjApura giiN| vahA~ jAkara DaoN. sAhaba ne DI.liTa karane kA sujhAva diyA aura lADanUM vizvavidyAlaya ke antargata unhIM ke nirdezana meM rajisTrezana bhI ho gyaa| yaha lADanUM vizva bhAratI kA prathama DI. liTa. rajisTrezana thaa| saumyAjI se saba kucha jJAta hone ke bAda maiMne unase kahA- pratyeka vidhi para alaga-alaga kArya ho to acchA hai aura unhoMne vaisA hI kiyA / parantu jaba kArya prArambha kiyA thA taba vaha itanA virATa rUpa le legA yaha anumAna bhI nahIM thaa| zAjApura meM rahate hue inhoMne cha: sAta vidhiyoM para apanA kArya pUrNa kiyaa| phira gurvAjJA se kArya ko bIca meM chor3a punaH guruvaryyA zrI ke pAsa phuNcii| jayapura evaM TATA cAturmAsa ke sampUrNa sAmAjika dAyitvoM ko saMbhAlate hue pUjyAzrI ke sAtha rhii| zodha kArya pUrNa rUpa se rUkA huA thaa| DaoN. sAhaba ne saceta kiyA ki samayAvadhi pUrNatA kI ora hai ataH kArya zIghra pUrNa kareM to acchA rahegA varanA rajisTrezana radda bhI ho sakatA hai| aba eka bAra phira se unheM adhyayana kArya ko gati denI thii| unhoMne laghu bhaginI maNDala ke sAtha lAibrerI yukta zAnta - nIrava sthAna hetu vArANasI kI ora prasthAna kiyaa| isa bAra lakSya thA ki kArya ko kisI bhI prakAra se pUrNa karanA hai| unakI yogyatA dekhate hue zrI saMgha evaM guruvaryyA zrI unheM aba samAja ke kAryoM se jor3e rakhanA cAhate the paraMtu kaThora parizrama yukta unake vizAla zodha kArya ko bhI sampanna karavAnA Avazyaka thaa| banArasa pahu~cakara inhoMne mudrA vidhi ko choTA kArya jAnakara use pahale karane ke vicAra se usase hI kArya ko prArambha kiyaa| dekhate hI dekhate usa kArya ne bhI eka virATa rUpa le liyaa| unakA yaha mudrA kArya vizvastarIya kArya thA jisameM unhoMne jaina, hindU, bauddha, yoga evaM nATya paramparA kI sahasrAdhika hasta mudrAoM para vizeSa zodha kiyaa| yadyapi unhoMne dina-rAta parizrama kara isa kArya ko 6-7 mahIne meM eka bAra pUrNa kara liyA, kintu usake vibhinna kArya to anta taka

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xxxvi...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka calate rhe| tatpazcAta unhoMne anya kucha viSayoM para aura bhI kArya kiyaa| unakI kAryaniSThA dekha vahA~ ke loga hataprabha raha jAte the| saMgha-samAja ke bIca svayaM bar3e hone ke kAraNa nahIM cAhate hue bhI sAmAjika dAyitva nibhAne hI par3ate the| sirpha banArasa meM hI nahIM rAyapura ke bAda jaba bhI ve adhyayana hetu kahIM gaI to unheM hI bar3e hokara jAnA pdd'aa| sabhI guru bahinoM kA vicaraNa zAsana kAryoM hetu bhinna-bhinna kSetroM meM hone se isa samasyA kA sAmanA bhI unheM karanA hI thaa| sAdhu jIvana meM bar3e hokara rahanA arthAta saMgha-samAja-samudAya kI samasta gatividhiyoM para dhyAna rakhanA, jo ki adhyayana karane vAloM ke lie saMbhava nahIM hotA paraMtu sAdhu jIvana yAnI viparIta paristhitiyoM kA svIkAra aura jo inheM pAra kara Age bar3ha jAtA hai vaha jIvana jIne kI kalA kA mAsTara bana jAtA hai| isa zodhakArya ne saumyAjI ko vidhi-vidhAna ke sAtha jIvana ke kSetra meM bhI mAtra mAsTara nahIM apitu vizeSajJa banA diyaa| pUjya bar3e ma. sA. baMgAla ke kSetra meM vicaraNa kara rahe the| kolakAtA vAloM kI hArdika icchA saumyAjI ko bulAne kI thii| vaise jauharI saMgha ke padAdhikArI zrI premacandajI moghA evaM maMtrI maNilAlajI dusAja zAjApura se hI unake cAturmAsa hetu Agraha kara rahe the / ataH na cAhate hue bhI kArya ko ardha virAma de unheM kalakattA AnA pdd'aa| zAjApura evaM banArasa pravAsa ke daurAna kie gae zodha kArya kA kampoja karavAnA bAkI thA aura eka-do viSayoM para zodha bhI / paraMtu "jisakI khAo bAjarI usakI bajAo hAjarI" ataH eka aura avarodha zodha kArya meM A cukA thaa| guruvaryyA zrI ne socA thA ki cAturmAsa ke prArambhika do mahIne ke pazcAta inheM pravacana Adi dAyitvoM se nivRtta kara deMge paraMtu samAja meM rahakara yaha saba saMbhava nahIM hotA / cAturmAsa ke bAda guruvaryyA zrI to zeSa kSetroM kI sparzanA hetu nikala par3I kintu unheM zeSa kArya ko pUrNakara antima svarUpa dene hetu kolakAtA hI rkhaa| kolakAtA jaisI mahAnagarI evaM cira-paricita samudAya ke bIca tIvra gati se adhyayana asaMbhava thA ataH unhoMne mauna dhAraNa kara liyA aura saptAha meM mAtra eka ghaMTA logoM se dharma carcA hetu khulA rkhaa| phira bhI sAmAjika dAyitvoM se pUrNa mukti saMbhava nahIM thii| isI bIca kolakAtA saMgha ke Agraha se evaM adhyayana hetu anya suvidhAoM ko dekhate hue pUjyAzrI ne inakA cAturmAsa kalakattA ghoSita

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tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba takaxxxvii kara diyaa| pUjyAzrI se alaga hue saumyAjI ko karIba sAta mahIne ho cuke the| cAturmAsa sammukha thA aura ve apanI jimmedArI para prathama bAra svataMtra cAturmAsa karane vAlI thii| ___ jeTha mahIne kI bhISaNa garmI meM unhoMne guruvaryAzrI ke darzanArtha jAne kA mAnasa banAyA aura Upara se mAnasUna sinA tAne khar3A thaa| adhyayana kArya pUrNa karane hetu samayAvadhi kI talavAra to unake Upara laTaka hI rahI thii| ina paristhitiyoM meM unhoMne 35-40 ki.mI. pratidina kI raphtAra se durgApura kI tarapha kadama bddh'aae| kalakattA se durgApura aura phira puna: kolakAtA kI yAtrA meM lagabhaga eka mahInA par3hAI nahIMvata huii| yadyapi guruvaryAzrI ke sAtha cAturmAsika kAryakramoM kI jimmedAriyA~ inhIM kI hotI hai phira bhI adhyayana Adi ke kAraNa inakI mAnasikatA cAturmAsa saMbhAlane kI nahIM thI aura kisI dRSTi se ucita bhI thaa| kyoMki sabase bar3e hone ke kAraNa pratyeka kAryabhAra kA vahana inhIM ko karanA thA ata: do mAha taka adhyayana kI gati para puna: breka laga gyaa| pUjyA zrI hamezA pharamAtI hai ki __ jo jo dekhA vItarAga ne, so-so hosI vIrA re| anahonI nA hota jagata meM, phira kyoM hota adhIrA re / / saumyAjI ne bhI guru AjJA ko zirodhArya kara saMgha-samAja ko samaya hI nahIM apitu bhautikatA meM bhaTakate hue mAnava ko dharma kI sahI dizA bhI dikhaaii| vartamAna paristhitiyoM para unakI Ama carcA se logoM meM dharma ko dekhane kA eka nayA najariyA vikasita huaa| guruvaryAzrI evaM hama sabhI ko Antarika AnaMda kI anubhUti ho rahI thI kintu saumyAjI ko vApasa dugunI gati se adhyayana meM jur3anA thaa| idhara kolakAtA saMgha ne pUrNa prayAsa kie phira bhI hindI bhASA kA koI acchA kampojara na milane se kampojiMga kArya banArasa meM karavAyA gyaa| dUrastha rahakara yaha saba kArya karavAnA unake lie eka viSama samasyA thii| paraMtu aba zAyada ve ina sabake lie sadha gaI thI, kyoMki unakA yaha kArya aisI hI aneka bAdhAoM kA sAmanA kara cukA thaa| udhara saiMthiyA cAturmAsa meM pUjyAzrI kA svAsthya acAnaka do-tIna bAra bigar3a gyaa| ata: varSAvAsa pUrNakara pUjya gurUvaryA zrI punaH kolakAtA kI ora pdhaarii| saumyAjI prasanna thI kyoMki gurUvaryA zrI svayaM unake pAsa padhAra rahI thii|

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xxxvii...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka gurujanoM kI nizrA prApta karanA hara vinIta ziSya kA manecchita hotA hai| pUjyA zrI ke Agamana se ve sAmAjika dAyitvoM se mukta ho gaI thii| adhyayana ke antima par3Ava meM gurUvaryA zrI kA sAtha unake lie suvarNa saMyoga thA kyoMki prAya: zodha kArya ke daurAna pUjyAzrI unase dUra rahI thii| ___ zodha samaya pUrNAhuti para thaa| paraMtu isa bRhada kArya ko itanI viSamatAoM ke bhaMvara meM pha~sakara pUrNatA taka pahu~cAnA eka kaThina kArya thaa| kArya apanI gati se cala rahA thA aura samaya apanI dhurI pr| sabamizana DeTa Ane vAlI thI kintu kampojiMga evaM prUpha rIDiMga Adi kA kAphI kArya zeSa thaa| ___ pUjyAzrI ke prati ananya samarpita zrI vijayendrajI saMkhalecA ko jaba isa sthiti ke bAre meM jJAta huA to unhoMne yunivarsiTI dvArA samayAvadhi bar3hAne hetu arjI patra dene kA sujhAva diyaa| unake hArdika prayAsoM se 6 mahIne kA eksaTeMzana prApta huaa| idhara pUjyA zrI to zaMkhezvara dAdA kI pratiSThA sampanna kara anya kSetroM kI ora bar3hane kI icchuka thii| paraMtu bhaviSya ke garbha meM kyA chupA hai yaha koI nahIM jaantaa| kucha viziSTa kAraNoM ke calate kolakAtA bhavAnIpura sthita zaMkhezvara mandira kI pratiSThA cAturmAsa ke bAda honA nizcita huaa| ata: aba ATha-dasa mahIne taka baMgAla vicaraNa nizcita thaa| saumyAjI ko apratima saMyoga milA thA kArya pUrNatA ke lie| zAsana deva unakI kaThina se kaThina parIkSA le rahA thaa| zAyada viSamatAoM kI agni meM tapakara ve saumyAjI ko kharA sonA banA rahe the| kArya apanI pUrNatA kI ora pahu~catA isI se pUrva unake dvArA likhita 23 khaNDoM meM se eka khaNDa kI mUla kaoNpI guma ho gii| puna: eka khaNDa kA lekhana aura samayAvadhi kI alpatA ne samasyAoM kA cakravyUha sA banA diyaa| kucha bhI samajha meM nahIM A rahA thaa| jinapUjA kriyA vidhAnoM kA eka mukhya aMga hai ata: use gauNa karanA yA chor3a denA bhI saMbhava nahIM thaa| cAMsa lete hue eka bAra puna: Extension hetu nivedana patra bhejA gyaa| muni jIvana kI kaThinatA evaM zodha kArya kI vizAlatA ke maddenajara eka bAra punaH cAra mahIne kI avadhi yunivarsiTI ke dvArA prApta huii| zaMkhezvara dAdA kI pratiSThA nimitta sampUrNa sAdhvI maMDala kA cAturmAsa bakula bagAna sthita lIlIjI maNilAlajI sukhAnI ke nUtana baMgale meM honA nizcita huaa|

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tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka.xxxix pUjyAzrI ne khaDagapura, TATAnagara Adi kSetroM kI ora vihAra kiyaa| pA~cachaha sAdhvIjI adhyayana hetu pauzAla meM hI rUke the| zrI jinaraMgasUri pauzAla kolakAtA bar3A bAjAra meM sthita hai| sAdha-sAdhviyoM ke lie yaha atyaMta zAtAkArI sthAna hai| saumyAjI ko banArasa se kolakAtA lAne evaM adhyayana pUrNa karavAne meM pauzAla ke TrasTiyoM kI vizeSa bhUmikA rahI hai| saumyAjI ne apanA adhikAMza adhyayana kAla vahA~ vyatIta kiyaa| ___ TrasTIgaNa zrI kAntilAlajI, kamalacaMdajI, vimalacaMdajI, maNilAlajI Adi ne bhI hara prakAra kI suvidhAe~ pradAna kii| saMgha-samAja ke sAmAnya dAyitvoM se bacAe rkhaa| isI adhyayana kAla meM bIkAnera hAla kolakAtA nivAsI zrI khemacaMdajI bAMThiyA ne AtmIyatA pUrvaka sevAe~ pradAna kara ina logoM ko nizcinta rkhaa| isI taraha ananya sevAbhAvI zrI candrakumArajI muNota (lAlAbAbU) jo saumyAjI ko bahanavata mAnate haiM unhoMne eka bhAI ke samAna unakI hara AvazyakatA kA dhyAna rkhaa| kalakattA saMgha saumyAjI ke lie parivAravata hI ho gayA thaa| sampUrNa saMgha kI eka hI bhAvanA thI ki unakA adhyayana kolakAtA meM hI pUrNa ho| __pUjyAzrI TATAnagara se kolakAtA kI ora padhAra rahI thii| suyogyA sAdhvI samyagdarzanAjI ugra vihAra kara guruvaryAzrI ke pAsa pahuMcI thii| saumyAjI nizciMta thI ki isa bAra cAturmAsika dAyitva suyogyA samyaga darzanAjI mahArAja sNbhaaleNge| ve apanA adhyayana ucita samayAvadhi meM pUrNa kara leNge| paraMtu paristhiti vizeSa se samyagajI mahArAja kA cAturmAsa khaDagapura hI ho gyaa| saumyAjI kI zodhayAtrA meM saMgharSoM kI samApti hI nahIM ho rahI thii| pustaka lekhana, cAturmAsika jimmedAriyA~ aura pratiSThA kI taiyAriyA~ koI samAdhAna dUradUra taka najara nahIM A rahA thaa| adhyayana kI mahattA ko samajhate hue pUjyAzrI evaM amitAjI sukhAnI ne unheM cAturmAsika dAyitvoM se nivRtta rahane kA anunaya kiyA kintu guru kI zAsana sevA meM sahayogI banane ke lie inhoMne do mahIne guruvaryA zrI ke sAtha cAturmAsika dAyitvoM kA nirvAha kiyaa| phira vaha apane adhyayana meM juTa gii| kaI bAra mana meM prazna uThatA ki hamArI pyArI saumyA itanA sAhasa kahA~ se lAtI hai| kisI kavi kI paMktiyA~ yAda A rahI hai

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xl... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka sUraja se kaha do bezaka vaha, apane ghara ArAma kareM / cA~da sitAre jI bhara soeM, nahIM kisI kA kAma kareM / agara amAvasa se lar3ane kI jida koI kara letA hai / to saumya guNA sA juganu sArA, aMdhakAra hara letA hai / / jina pUjA eka vistRta viSaya hai| isakA punarlekhana to niyata avadhi meM ho gayA paraMtu kampojiMga Adi nahIM hone se zodha prabaMdha ke tIsare evaM cauthe bhAga ko taiyAra karane ke lie samaya kI AvazyakatA thI / aba tIsarI bAra lADanUM vizvavidyAlaya se Extension milanA asaMbhava pratIta ho rahA thA / zrI vijayendrajI saMkhalecA samasta paristhitiyoM se avagata the| unhoMne pUjya gurUvaryyA zrI se nivedana kiyA ki saumyAjI ko pUrNataH nivRtti dekara kArya zIghrAtizIghra karavAyA jaae| vizvavidyAlaya ke tatsambandhI niyamoM ke bAre meM patA karake Der3ha mahIne kI antima evaM viziSTa mauhalata dilvaaii| aba derI hone kA matalaba thA Rejection of Work by University ataH tvarA gati se kArya claa| saumyAjI para gurujanoM kI kRpA anavarata rahI hai| pUjya gurUvaryyA sajjana zrIjI ma.sA. ke prati vaha vizeSa zraddhA praNata haiN| apane hara zubha karma kA nimitta evaM upAdAna unheM hI mAnatI haiN| ise sAkSAta guru kRpA kI anuzruti hI kahanA hogA ki unake samasta kArya svataH gyArasa ke dina sampanna hote ge| saumyAjI kI Antarika icchA thI ki pUjyAzrI ko samarpita unakI kRti pUjyAzrI kI puNyatithi ke dina vizvavidyAlaya meM Submit kI jAe aura nimitta bhI aise hI bane ki Extension lete-lete saMyogavazAta punaH vahI tithi aura mahInA A gyaa| 23 disambara 2012 mauna gyArasa ke dina lADanUM vizvavidyAlaya meM 4 bhAgoM meM vargIkRta 23 khaNDIya Thesis jamA kI gii| itane virATa zodha kArya ko dekhakara sabhI hataprabha the| 5556 pRSThoM meM gumphita yaha zodha kArya yadi zodha niyama ke anusAra taiyAra kiyA hotA to 11000 pRSThoM se adhika ho jaate| yaha saba gurUvaryyA zrI kI hI asIma kRpA thI / pUjyA zaziprabhA zrIjI ma.sA. kI hArdika icchA thI ki saumyAjI ke isa jJAnayajJa kA sammAna kiyA jAe jisase jina zAsana kI prabhAvanA ho aura jaina saMgha gauravAnvita bane /

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tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka ...xli bhavAnIpura-zaMkhezvara dAdA kI pratiSThA kA pAvana suyoga thaa| zrutajJAna ke bahumAna rUpa 23 granthoM kA bhI julUsa nikAlA gyaa| sampUrNa kolakAtA saMgha dvArA unakI vadhAmaNI kI gii| yaha eka anumodanIya evaM avismaraNIya prasaMga thaa| basa mana meM eka hI kasaka raha gaI ki maiM isa pUrNAhuti kA hissA nahIM bana paaii| Aja saumyAjI kI dIrgha zodha yAtrA ko pUrNatA ke zikhara para dekhakara niHsandeha kahA jA sakatA hai ki pUjyA pravartinI ma.sA. jahA~ bhI Atma sAdhanA meM lIna hai vahA~ se unakI anavarata kRpA dRSTi barasa rahI hai| zodha kArya pUrNa hone ke bAda bhI saumyAjI ko virAma kahA~ thA? unake zodha viSaya kI traikAlika prAsaMgikatA ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue unheM pustaka rUpa meM prakAzita karane kA nirNaya liyA gyaa| pustaka prakAzana sambandhI sabhI kArya zeSa the tathA pustakoM kA prakAzana kolakAtA se hI ho rahA thaa| ata: kalakattA saMgha ke pramukha zrI kAntilAlajI mukIma, vimalacaMdajI mahamavAla, zrAvikA zreSThA pramilAjI mahamavAla, vijayendrajI saMkhalecA Adi ne pUjyAzrI ke sammukha saumyAjI ko rokane kA nivedana kiyaa| zrI candrakumArajI muNota, zrI maNilAlajI dUsAja Adi bhI nivedana kara cuke the| yadyapi ajImagaMja dAdAbAr3I pratiSThA ke kAraNa rokanA asaMbhava thA paraMtu mukimajI ke atyAgraha ke kAraNa pUjyAzrI ne unheM kucha samaya ke lie vahA~ rahane kI AjJA pradAna kii| gurUvaryA zrI ke sAtha vihAra karate hue saumyAguNAjI ko tIna Stop jAne ke bAda vApasa AnA pdd'aa| dAdAbAr3I ke samIpastha zItalanAtha bhavana meM rahakara unhoMne apanA kArya pUrNa kiyaa| isa taraha inakI sampUrNa zodha yAtrA meM kalakattA eka avismaraNIya sthAna banakara rhaa| kSaNaiH kSaNaiH bar3ha rahe unake kadama aba maMjila para pahu~ca cuke haiN| Aja jo saphalatA kI bahumaMjilA imArata isa pustaka zrRMkhalA ke rUpa meM dekha rahe haiM vaha majabUta nIMva inhoMne apane utsAha, mehanata aura lagana ke AdhAra para rakhI hai| saumyaguNAjI kA yaha vizad kArya yuga-yugoM taka eka kIrtistambha ke rUpa meM smaraNIya rhegaa| zruta kI amUlya nidhi meM vidhi-vidhAna ke rahasyoM ko ujAgara karate hue unhoMne jo kArya kiyA hai vaha Ane vAlI bhAvI pIr3hI ke lie Adarza rUpa rhegaa| loka paricaya evaM lokaprasiddhi se dUra rahane ke kAraNa hI Aja ve isa

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xli...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka bRhad kArya ko sampanna kara pAI haiN| maiM paramAtmA se yahI prArthanA karatI hU~ ki ve sadA isI taraha zruta saMvardhana ke kalyANa patha para gatizIla rhe| aMtata: unake aDiga manobala kI anumodanA karate hue yahI kahU~gIpragati zilA para car3hane vAle bahuta mileMge, kIrtimAna karane vAlA to viralA hotA hai| AMdolana karane vAle to bahuta mileMge, dizA badalane vAlA koI nirAlA hotA hai| tAroM kI taraha Tima-TimAne vAle aneka hote haiM, para sUraja bana rozana karane vAlA koI eka hI hotA hai| samaya gaMvAne vAloM se yaha duniyA bharI hai, para itihAsa banAne vAlA koI saumya sA hI hotA hai| prazaMsA pAne vAle jaga meM aneka mileMge, priya bane sabhI kA aisA koI sajjana hI hotA hai / /

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hArdika anumodanA kisI kavi ne bahuta hI sundara kahA hai dhIre-dhIre re manA, dhIre saba kucha hoya / mAlI sIMce so ghar3A, Rtu Avata phala hoya / / hara kArya meM saphalatA samaya Ane para hI prApta hotI hai| eka kisAna bIja bokara sAla bhara taka mehanata karatA hai taba jAkara use phasala prApta hotI hai| cAra sAla taka College meM mehanata karane ke bAda vidyArthI Doctor, Engineer yA MBA hotA hai| sAdhvI saumyaguNAjI Aja saphalatA ke jisa zikhara para pahu~cI hai usake pIche unakI varSoM kI mehanata evaM dhairya nIMva rUpa meM rahe hue haiN| lagabhaga 30 varSa pUrva saumyAjI kA Agamana hamAre maNDala meM eka choTI sI gur3iyA ke rUpa meM huA thaa| vyavahAra meM laghutA, vicAroM meM saralatA evaM buddhi kI zreSThatA unake pratyeka kArya meM tabhI se parilakSita hotI thii| gyAraha varSa kI nizA jaba pahalI bAra pUjyAzrI ke pAsa vairAgyavAsita avasthA meM AI taba mAtra cAra mAha kI avadhi meM pratikramaNa, prakaraNa, bhASya,karmagrantha, prAta:kAlIna pATha Adi kaMThastha kara lie the| unakI tIvra buddhi evaM smaraNa zakti kI prakharatA ke kAraNa pUjya choTe ma.sA. (pUjya zaziprabhA zrIjI ma.sA.) unheM adhika se adhika cIjeM sikhAne kI icchA rakhate the| nizA kA bAla mana jaba adhyayana se uktA jAtA aura bAla sulabha ceSTAoM ke lie mana utkaMThita hone lagatA, to kaI bAra vaha ghaMToM upAzraya kI chata para to kabhI sIr3hiyoM meM jAkara chupa jAtI tAki use adhyayana na karanA pdd'e| paraMtu yaha usakI bAla krIr3Ae~ thii| 15-20 gAthAe~ yAda karanA usake lie eka sahaja bAta thii| unake adhyayana kI lagana evaM sIkhane kI kalA Adi ke anukaraNa kI preraNA Aja bhI choTe ma.sA. Ane vAlI naI maMDalI ko dete haiN| sUtrAgama adhyayana, jJAnArjana, lekhana, zodha Adi ke kArya meM unhoMne jo zrRMkhalA prArambha kI hai Aja sajjanamaMDala meM usameM kaI kar3iyA~ jur3a gaI haiM parantu mukhya kar3I to

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xliv...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka mukhya hI hotI hai| ye sabhI ke lie preraNA bana rahI haiM kintu inake bhItara jo preraNA AI vaha kahIM na kahIM pUjya guruvaryA zrI kI asIma kRpA hai| ucca ur3Ana nahIM bhara sakate tuccha bAharI camakIle para mahata karma ke lie cAhie mahata preraNA bala bhI bhItara yaha mahata preraNA guru kRpA se hI prApta ho sakatI hai| vinaya, saralatA, zAlInatA, RjutA Adi guNa gurukRpA kI prApti ke lie Avazyaka hai| saumyAjI kA mana zurU se sIdhA evaM sarala rahA hai| sAMsArika kapaTa-mAyA yA vyavahArika aupacArikatA nibhAnA inake svabhAva meM nahIM hai| pUjya pravartinIjI ma.sA. ko kaI bAra ye sahaja meM kahatI 'mahArAja zrI!' maiM to ApakI koI sevA nahIM karatI, na hI mujhameM vinaya hai, phira merA uddhAra kaise hogA, mujhe guru kRpA kaise prApta hogI?' taba pUjyAzrI pharamAtI- 'saumyA! tere Upara to merI anAyAsa kRpA hai, tUM ciMtA kyoM karatI hai? tUM to mahAna sAdhvI bnegii|' Aja pUjyAzrI kI hI antasa zakti evaM AzIrvAda kA prasphoTana hai ki lokaiSaNA, loka prazaMsA evaM loka prasiddhi ke moha se dUra ve zruta sevA meM sarvAtmanA samarpita haiN| jitanI samarpita ve pUjyA zrI ke prati thI utanI hI vinamra anya gurujanoM ke prati bhii| guru bhaginI maMDala ke kAryoM ke lie bhI ve sadA tatpara rahatI haiN| cAhe bar3oM kA kArya ho, cAhe choToM kA unhoMne kabhI kisI ko TAlane kI koziza nahIM kii| cAhe priyadarzanA zrIjI ho, cAhe divyadarzanA zrIjI, cAhe zubhadarzanAzrIjI ho, cAhe zIlaguNA jI Aja taka sabhI ke sAtha inhoMne laghu banakara hI vyavahAra kiyA hai| kanakaprabhAjI, saMyamaprajJAjI Adi laghu bhaginI maMDala ke sAtha bhI inakA vyavahAra sadaiva sammAna, mAdhurya evaM apanepana se yukta rahA hai| ye jinake bhI sAtha cAturmAsa karane gaI haiM unheM guruvata sammAna diyA tathA unakI viziSTa Antarika maMgala kAmanAoM ko prApta kiyA hai| pUjyA vinItA zrIjI ma.sA., pUjyA maNiprabhAzrIjI ma.sA., pUjyA hemaprabhA zrIjI ma.sA., pUjyA sulocanA zrIjI ma.sA., pUjyA vidyutaprabhAzrIjI ma.sA. Adi kI ina para vizeSa kRpA rahI hai| pUjya upAdhyAya zrI maNiprabhasAgarajI ma.sA., AcArya zrI padmasAgarasUrijI ma.sA., AcArya zrI kIrtiyazasUrijI Adi ne inheM apanA

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tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka ...xiv snehAzISa evaM mArgadarzana diyA hai| AcArya zrI rAjayazasUrijI ma.sA., pUjya bhrAtA zrI vimalasAgarajI ma.sA. evaM pUjya vAcaMyamA zrIjI (bahana) ma.sA. inakA Ph.D. evaM D.Litt. kA viSaya vidhi-vidhAnoM se sambandhita hone ke kAraNa inheM 'vidhiprabhA' nAma se hI bulAte haiN| pUjyA zaziprabhAjI ma.sA. ne adhyayana kAla ke atirikta inheM kabhI bhI apane se alaga nahIM kiyA aura Aja bhI hama sabhI guru bahanoM kI apekSA guru nizrA prApti kA lAbha inheM hI sarvAdhika milatA hai| pUjyAzrI ke cAturmAsa meM apane vividha prayAsoM ke dvArA cAra cA~da lagAkara ye unheM aura bhI adhika jAnadAra banA detI haiN| tapa-tyAga ke kSetra meM to bacapana se hI inakI vizeSa ruci thii| navapada kI olI kA prArambha inhoMne gRhastha avasthA meM hI kara diyA thaa| inakI choTI umra ko dekhakara choTe ma.sA. ne kahA- dekho! tumheM tapasyA ke sAtha utanI hI par3hAI karanI hogI taba to olIjI karanA anyathA nhiiN| ye bolI- maiM roja pandraha nahIM bIsa gAthA karUMgI Apa mujhe olIjI karane dIjie aura usa samaya olIjI karake sampUrNa prAta:kAlIna pATha kaMThAgra kiye| bIsasthAnaka, vardhamAna, navapada, mAsakSamaNa, zreNI tapa, cattAri aTTha dasa doya, paiMtAlIsa Agama, gyAraha gaNadhara, caudaha pUrva, aTThAIsa labdhi, dharmacakra, pakhavAsA Adi kaI choTe-bar3e tapa karate hue inhoMne adhyayana evaM tapasyA donoM meM hI apane Apako sadA agrasara rkhaa| Aja unake varSoM kI mehanata kI phalazruti huI hai| jisa zodha kArya ke lie ve gata 18 varSoM se juTI huI thI usa saMkalpanA ko Aja eka mUrta svarUpa prApta haA hai| aba taka saumyAjI ne jisa dhairya, lagana, ekAgratA, zruta samarpaNa evaM dRr3haniSThA ke sAtha kArya kiyA hai ve unameM sadA vRddhiMgata rhe| pUjya guruvaryA zrI ke nakSe kadama para Age bar3hate hue ve unake kAryoM ko aura nayA AyAma deM tathA zruta ke kSetra meM eka nayA avadAna prastuta kreN| inhIM zubha bhAvoM ke sAtha guru bhaginI maNDala

Page #48
anubhUti kI razmiyAM jaina saMskRti kA mUla tattva tapa hai, jaina sAdhanA kA prANa tattva tapa hai, jaina vAGmaya kA mukhya sattva tapa hai| jisa taraha puSpa kI kalI-kalI meM sugandha samAyI huI hai, Ikha ke paura-paura meM mAdhurya sanniviSTa hai, tila ke kaNa-kaNa meM dravatA saMcarita hai, usI prakAra jaina dharma ke pratyeka cintana meM tapa parivyApta hai| nizcayataH tapa eka AdhyAtmika zakti kA srota hai| isalie tapazcaraNa ke dvArA adhovAhinI UrjA ko UrdhvagAminI kiyA jA sakatA hai| tIrthaMkara puruSoM evaM pUrvAcAryoM ne tapa kI sAdhanA se jo kucha upArjita kiyA, vahI vItarAga darzana kI koTi meM ginA jAtA hai| isa tathya se pramANita hotA hai ki vItarAgatA prApti kA adbhuta sAdhana tapa hI hai| jaina paramparA dvArA Acarita evaM sammAnita tapa kA dAyarA itanA vistRta aura vyApaka hai ki usameM eka suvyavasthita jIvana se lekara mokSa prApti ke sabhI sAdhanoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai| tapa jIvana kI UrjA hai, sRSTi kA mUla cakra hai, AtmA kA nijI guNa hai, sAdhanA kI yathArtha pUrNatA hai, ArogyatA kI auSadhi hai, sadbhAvanAoM kA dIpaka hai, zreSTha vicAroM kI jyoti hai, samyaka AcaraNa kI mizAla hai| saMkSepa meM kaheM to tapa hI jIvana hai| tapa ke binA jIvana kA astitva hI kucha nahIM rahatA / tapa sAdhanA ke dvArA manuSya jIvana jIne se lekara mokSa sukha ke sabhI AyAmoM ko pratyakSagata kara sakatA hai| bAhya dRSTi se dekheM to tapa kA sIdhA prabhAva zarIra para par3atA hai| tapa se deha kRza, nirbala evaM kamajora dikhatI hai| Adhunika yuvA pIr3hI kahatI bhI hai ki pApa karmoM ko vinaSTa karane hetu zarIra ko kaSTa denA kahA~ kI samajhadArI hai ? isa taraha kAyA ko kaSTa dene se dharma kaise ho sakatA hai ? eka yuvaka kisI saMnyAsI mahAtmA ke caraNoM meM pahu~cA / santa ko praNAma kara usane prazna kiyA - he bhagavan! Atma sukha ko pAne ke lie zarIra

Page #49
tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka...xlvii ko tapAne yA sukhAne kI jarUrata kyoM hai? Atma svarUpa kI anubhUti ke lie to AtmadhyAna aura AtmajJAna Avazyaka hai phira zarIra ko kRza karane se AtmA kA zuddhikaraNa kaise saMbhava hai ? mahAtmA ne yuvaka kI samasyA ko zAnta citta se sunA aura phira dUdha kI ora izArA karate hue usase kahA- bhAI! aisA karo yaha tapelI meM dUdha rakhA hai, pahale ise garma kara le aao| apana donoM thor3A dUdha pI leM, phira tere prazna kA javAba duuNgaa| vaha yuvaka bhI dUdha kI tapelI lekara cala diyA aura thor3I dera meM hI dUdha garma karake le aayaa| mahAtmAjI se bolA- lIjie yaha garma dUdha, aba mere prazna kA javAba diijie| mahAtmA ne jAna-bUjhakara dUdha kI garma tapelI ko hAtha se chUA aura tatkSaNa hAtha haTAte hue jora se cillAye - are mUrkha! maiMne tujhe dUdha garma karane ko kahA thA aura tuma tapelI garma kara le Aye ? tUne yaha kyA kiyA ? vaha yuvaka Azcarya meM par3a gyaa| socA, kahIM mahAtmAjI pAgala to nahIM hai? maiM bhI kahA~ calA AyA inake pAsa / usane kahA- mahAtman! Apa kaisI bAta kara rahe ho? tapelI garma kiye binA dUdha kaise garma ho sakatA hai ? dUdha garma karane ke lie tapelI ko to garma honA hI pdd'egaa| usa vakta mahAtmAjI ne javAba diyA- samajha lo, zarIra ko tapAye binA AtmA bhI kaise tapegI ? dUdha ke pahale tapelI garma hotI hai ThIka vaise hI AtmA ko nirmala banAne ke pahale zarIra tapegA hI / tapa ke dvArA zarIra ko tapAkara hI Atma pradezoM para avasthita karma rUpI kacarA ko jalAyA jAtA hai| jaba sampUrNa karma jalakara rAkha ho jAte haiM tabhI isa jIva ko mokSa pada kI prApti hotI hai| isa udAharaNa kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki tapa se deha, deha se mana aura mana se AtmA prabhAvita hotI hai| tapa kA sAkSAta prabhAva zarIra para par3atA hai| isase viSaya-vAsanA ke kIcar3a kI ora utprerita karane vAlI pA~ca indriyoM kA svataH nigraha ho jAtA hai| AtmA ke Urdhvagamana ke lie indriyoM kA damana Avazyaka hai aura indriya damana ke lie tapa jarUrI hai| eka jagaha kahA gayA hai ki 'tana jIte mana jIta' / aksara kahA jAtA hai ki mana ko vaza meM kara liyA to kAyA vaza meM ho jaayegii| magara yaha

Page #50
xlviii...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka bhI nitAnta satya hai ki yadi kAyA ko vaza meM kara liyA to mana svayameva sthira ho jaayegaa| yaha kArya tapa dvArA hI sAdhya hai kyoMki tapa se kAyA kasane lagatI hai| jaina vAGmaya meM mokSa prApti ke lie kramazaH dvividha, trividha evaM caturvidha mArgoM kA pratipAdana hai| dvividha mArga meM jJAna aura kriyA, trividha mArga meM samyaka darzana, samyaka jJAna aura samyaka cAritra tathA caturvidha mArga meM darzana, jJAna, cAritra aura tapa kA samAveza hotA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM samyagadarzana Adi catuH mArgoM ko Atmazuddhi hetu atyAvazyaka kahA hai| AcAryoM ne isase bar3hakara yaha bhI kahA hai ki bhale hI cAritra samyaka cAritra ho phira bhI tapa ke binA mokSa nahIM ho sakatA arthAta ratnatrayI kI ArAdhanA bhI tapa ke binA adhUrI hai, kyoMki samasta karmoM ke kSaya hetu tapa karanA jarUrI ho jAtA hai| svayaM tIrthaMkara paramAtmA bhI karmoM se mukta hone ke lie ugra tazcaraNa karate haiN| navapada pUjA ke tapapada stavana meM kahA gayA hai ki jANatA tihuM jJAne saMyuta, te bhava mukti jiNaMda / jeha Adare karma khapevA, te tapa suratarU kaMda / / mati, zruta aura avadhi ina tInoM jJAna se yukta bhagavAna svayaM jAnate haiM ki maiM isI bhava meM mokSa jAU~gA, phira bhI ve apane karmoM ke kSaya hetu tapa dharma kI ArAdhanA karate haiM, kaThora tapa karate haiN| prabhu vIra ne sAr3he bAraha varSa taka jo tapa kiyA, usakI to kalpanA bhI hama nahIM kara sakate / tapa kI AvazyakatA ko puSTa karate hue AgamakAroM ne yaha bhI kahA hai ki darzana, jJAna aura cAritra kI ArAdhanA se ghAtI karmoM kA kSaya ho jAtA hai kintu aghAtI karmoM kA nAza karane ke lie to tapa kA hI Alambana lenA par3atA hai| cAra ghAtI karmoM ke kSaya hone se to kevala jJAna kI prApti hotI hai jabaki nirvANa pada kI prApti aghAtI karmoM ke naSTa hone para hI sambhava hai aura ina aghAtI karmoM ko tapa ke AcaraNa se hI khatma kiyA jA sakatA hai| jaise hAthI kI sUMr3a meM bar3I-bar3I vastue~ to A sakatI hai kintu eka suI yadi jamIna para se uThAnA ho, to vaha nahIM uThA sktaa| usake lie

Page #51
tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka...xlix to hAtha kI aMguliyoM kA sahArA lenA jarUrI ho jAtA hai| ThIka vaise hI cAra ghAtI karma ke sampUrNa kSaya ke pazcAta zeSa rahe cAra aghAtI karma suI jaise haiN| unake lie tapa hI karanA hotA hai aura isIlie tapa kI ArAdhanA sabhI karate haiN| yaha zodha kRti tapAcAra evaM tapodharma se hI sambandhita hai| isameM tapa viSayaka samagra pahaluoM para maMthana kiyA gayA hai jo ki sAta adhyAyoM meM nimna prakAra ullikhita hai prathama adhyAya meM tapa kA svarUpa evaM usakI bhinna-bhinna paribhASAe~ batAI gaI haiM jisase 'tapa' zabda ke aneka arthoM kA bodha hotA hai aura usakA rahasyagata bhAvArtha bhI spaSTa ho jAtA hai| dvitIya adhyAya meM tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vistRta pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| isa adhyAya ke maMthana se tapa ke vividha pakSoM ko sugamatA se samajhA jA sakatA hai| tRtIya adhyAya meM tapa kI mahimA ko ujAgara karane vAle kaI viSayoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| jaise ki tapa antarAya karma kA udaya nahIM, tapa sAdhanA kA uddezya, tapa kI AvazyakatA kyoM, vividha dRSTiyoM se tapa kI mUlyavattA Adi kA sAragarbhita evaM saTIka vivecana kiyA hai| caturtha adhyAya zvetAmbara evaM digambara paramparA meM pracalita tapa vidhiyoM se sambandhita hai| isameM mukhyatayA zvetAmbara pravartita tapoM kA savidhi evaM soddezya varNana karate hue unake mUla pATha bhI diye gaye haiN| tapArAdhakoM ke lie yaha adhyAya atyanta upayogI hai| paMcama adhyAya bhAratIya paramparAoM meM pracalita vratoM se sambandhita hai| isameM mukhyatayA hindU, bauddha, IsAI aura muslima dharma ke vratoM evaM parvotsavoM kA saMkSepa meM varNana karate hue jaina paramparA se tulanA kI gaI hai| ___SaSThama adhyAya meM tapa kA aitihAsika anuzIlana evaM usakA tulanAtmaka pakSa prastuta kiyA gayA hai| isI ke sAtha tapa ko zobhita karane hetu evaM tapa pUrNAhuti kI anumodanA nimitta udyApana karanA cAhie tathA usake mahattva Adi ko darzAyA gayA hai|

Page #52
I...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka saptama adhyAya upasaMhAra ke rUpa meM prastuta hai| isa antima adhyAya meM tapa sAdhanA ko sArvakAlika siddha karate hue use Adhunika samasyAoM ke nivAraNa, manovijJAna, jIvana prabaMdhana, samAja vikAsa Adi ke pariprekSya meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai| isa taposAdhanA ke mAdhyama se hama asatya se satya, aMdhakAra se prakAza, mRtyu se amaratva, talahaTI se zikhara kI yAtrA karate hue paramocca aNAhArI pada ko upalabdha kareM, yahI ISTa se abhyarthanA hai|

Page #53
vandanA kI saragama Aja se satraha varSa pUrva eka choTe se lakSya ko lekara laghu yAtrA prAraMbha huI thii| usa samaya yaha anumAna kadApi nahIM thA ki vaha yAtrA vividha mor3oM se gujarate hue itanA vizAla svarUpa dhAraNa kara legii| Aja isa duruha mArga ke antima par3Ava para pahu~cane meM mere lie parama AdhArabhUta bane jagata ke sArthavAha, tIna loka ke siratAja, akhila vizva meM jina dharma kI jyota ko pradIpta karane vAle, mArga divAkara, arihaMta paramAtmA ke pAda prasUnoM meM anekazaH zraddhA dIpa prajvalita karatI huuN| unhIM kI zreyaskArI vANI isa samyaka jJAna kI ArAdhanA meM mukhya AlaMbana banI hai| ratnatrayI evaM tattvatrayI ke dhAraka, samasta vighnoM ke nivAraka, sakArAtmaka UrjA ke saMvAhaka, siddhacakra mahAyaMtra ko antarhRdaya se vaMdanA karatI huuN| isa zrutayAtrA ke krama meM parama hetubhUta, bhAva vizuddhi ke adhiSThAtA, anaMta labdhi nidhAna gautama svAmI ke caraNoM meM bhI hRdayAvanata ho vaMdanA karatI huuN| dharma - sthApanA karake jaga ko, satya kA mArga batAyA hai / divAkara banakara akhila vizva meM, jJAna prakAza phailAyA hai| sarvajJa arihaMta prabhu ne, patavAra bana pAra lagAyA hai| siddhacakra aura guru gautama ne, viSamatA meM sAhasa bar3hAyA hai / / jinazAsana ke samuddhAraka, kalikAla meM mahAna prabhAvaka, jana mAnasa meM dharma saMskAroM ke unnAyaka, cAroM dAdA gurudeva ke caraNoM meM sazraddhA samarpita huuN| inhIM kI kRpA se maiM ratnatrayAtmaka sAdhanA patha para agrasara ho pAI huuN| isI zrRMkhalA meM maiM AsthA praNata hU~ una sabhI AcArya evaM muni bhagavaMtoM kI, jinakA Agama AloDana evaM zastra guMphana isa kArya ke saMpAdana meM ananya sahAyaka bnaa| datta- maNidhara - kuzala- candra guru, jaina gaganAMgaNa ke dhruva sitAre haiN| lakSAdhika ko jaina banAkara, laharAyI dharma dhvajA hara dvAre haiN| zruta AloDaka sUrijana munijana, Agama rahasyoM ko prakaTAte haiM / adhyAtma yogiyoM ke zubha paramANu, hara bigar3e kAja saMvAre haiM / /

Page #54
lii...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka jinake mana, vacana aura karma meM satya kA teja AplAvita hai| jinake AcAra, vicAra aura vyavahAra meM jinavANI kA sAra samAhita hai aise zAsana ke saratAja, kharataragacchAcArya zrI majjina kailAzasAgarasUrIzvarajI ma.sA. ke caraNAravinda meM bhAva praNata vNdnaa| unhIM kI antara preraNA se yaha kArya U~cAIyoM para pahu~ca pAyA hai| zraddhA samarpaNa ke ina kSaNoM meM pratipala smaraNIya, puNya prabhAvI, jyotirvida, praur3ha anubhavI , itihAsa ke ujjvala pRSThoM para zAsana prabhAvanA kI yazogAthAe~ aMkita kara rahe pUjya upAdhyAya bhagavanta zrI maNiprabhasAgarajI ma.sA. ke pAda padmoM meM zraddhAyukta namana karatI huuN| ApazrI dvArA pradatta preraNA evaM anubhavI jJAna isa yAtrA kI pUrNatA meM ananya sahAyaka rahA hai| isI zrRMkhalA meM asIma upakAroM kA smaraNa karate hue zraddhAnata hU~ anubhava ke zveta navanIta, ucca saMkalpanAoM ke svAmI, rASTrasaMta pUjya padmasAgarasUrIzvara jI ma.sA. ke pAdAravinda meN| ApazrI dvArA pradatta sahaja mArgadarzana evaM kobA lAibrerI se pustakoM kA bharapUra sahayoga prApta huaa| ApazrI ke nizrArata sahajamanA pUjya gaNivarya prazAMtasAgarajI ma.sA. evaM sarasvatI upAsaka, bhrAtA mani zrI vimalasAgarajI ma.sA. ne bhI isa jJAna yAtrA meM hara taraha kA sahayoga dete hue kArya ko gati pradAna kii| ___maiM hRdayAvanata hU~ prabhutvazIla evaM snehazIla vyaktitva ke nAyaka, chattIsa guNoM ke dhAraka, yuga prabhAvaka pUjya kIrtiyazasUrIzvarajI ma.sA. ke caraNa kamaloM meM, jinakI asIma kRpA se isa zodha kArya meM navIna dizA prApta huii| Apa zrI ke vidvad ziSya pUjya ratnayaza vijayajI ma.sA. dvArA prApta dizAnirdeza kArya pUrNatA meM viziSTa AlambanabhUta rhe| kRtajJatA jJApana kI isa kar3I meM vinayAvanata hU~ zAsana prabhAvaka pUjya rAjayaza sUrIzvarajI ma.sA. evaM mRdu vyavahArI pUjya vAcaMyamA zrIjI ma.sA. (bahana mahArAja) ke caraNoM meM, jinhoMne ahamadAbAda pravAsa ke daurAna hRdayagata zaMkAoM kA samyaka samAdhAna kiyaa| ___maiM bhAvapraNata hU~ saMyama anupAlaka, jaga vallabha, navya anveSaka pUjya AcArya zrI gaNaratnasAgara sUrIzvarajI ma.sA. ke caraNoM meM, jinhoMne apratyakSa rUpa se jijJAsAoM ko upazAMta kiyA evaM acalagaccha paramparA sambandhI sUkSma vidhAnoM ke rahasyoM se avagata krvaayaa|

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tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka ...liii maiM AsthA praNata hU~ lADanUM vizva bhAratI ke svarNa puruSa, zruta sAgara ke gUr3ha anveSaka, kuzala anuzAstA, AcArya zrI mahAprajJajI evaM AcArya zrI mahAzramaNajI ke pada paMkajoM meM, Apa zrI kI sRjanAtmaka saMracanAoM ke mAdhyama se yaha kArya atha se iti taka pahu~ca pAyA hai| isI krama meM maiM natamastaka hU~ zAsana unnAyaka, saMgha prabhAvaka, tristutika gacchAdhipati pUjya AcAryapravara zrI jayaMtasena sUrIzvarajI ma.sA. ke caraNa puMja meM, jinhoMne yathAyogya sahAyatA dekara kArya pUrNAhuti meM sahayoga diyaa| maiM zraddhApraNata hU~ zAsaka prabhAvaka, krAntikArI saMta zrI taruNasAgarajI ma.sA. ke caraNa saroja meM, jinhoMne apane vyasta kAryakramoM meM bhI mujhe apanA amUlya samaya dekara yathAyogya samAdhAna die / maiM aMta:karaNa pUrvaka AbhArI hU~ zAsana prabhAvaka, madhura gAyaka pa.pU. pIyUSasAgarajI ma.sA. evaM prakhara vaktA pa. pU. samyakaratna sAgarajI ma.sA. ke prati, jinhoMne hara samaya samucita samasyAoM kA samAdhAna dene meM ruci evaM tatparatA dikhaaii| saca kahUM to , jinake saphala anuzAsana meM vRddhiMgata hotA jinazAsana / mAlI banakara jo karate haiM, saMgha zAsana kA anupAlana // kailAsa girI sama jo karate rakSA, bhautikatA ke AMdhI tUphAnoM se / amRta pIyUSa barasAte haradama, maNi apane zAMta vicAroM se // kara saMzodhana kiyA kArya pramANita, diyA sadgranthoM kA jJAna / kIrtiyaza hai ratna sama jaga meM, padma kRpA se kiyA jJAnAmRta pAna // sakala vizva meM gUMja rahA hai, rAjayaza jayaMtasena kA nAma / guNaratna kI taruNa sphUrti se, mahAprajJa bane zramaNa vIra samAna // isa zruta gaMgA meM cetana mana ko sadA AplAvita karate rahane kI parokSa preraNA dene vAlI, jIvana nirmAtrI, adhyAtma gaMgotrI, Azu kavayitrI, cauthe kAlakhaNDa meM janma lene vAlI bhavya AtmAoM ke samAna prAjJa evaM RjusvabhAvadhAriNI, pravarttinI mahodayA, guruvaryyA zrI sajjana zrIjI ma.sA. ke pAda-prasUnoM meM anantAnanta vaMdana karatI hU~, kyoMki yaha jo kucha bhI likhA gayA hai vaha saba unhIM ke kRpAzISa kI phalazruti hai ata: unake pavitra caraNoM meM punazca zraddhA ke puSpa arpita karatI huuN|

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liv...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka upakAra smaraNa kI isa kar3I meM maiM AsthA praNata hU~ vAtsalya vAridhi, mahatarA pada vibhUSitA pUjyA vinitA zrIjI ma.sA., pUjyA pravartinI candraprabhA zrIjI ma.sA., sneha paMja pUjya kIrtiprabhA zrIjI ma.sA., jJAna praur3hA pUjya divyaprabhA zrIjI ma.sA., saralamanA pUjya candrakalAzrIjI ma.sA., marudhara jyoti pUjya maNiprabhA zrIjI ma.sA., sneha gaMgotrI pUjya manohara zrIjI ma.sA., maMjula svabhAvI pUjya sulocanA zrIjI ma.sA., vidyA vAridhi pUjya vidyutaprabhA zrIjI ma.sA. Adi sabhI pUjyavAoM ke caraNoM meM, jinakI maMgala kAmanAoM ne mere mArga ko niSkaMTaka banAne evaM lakSya prApti meM setu kA kArya kiyaa| guru upakAroM ko smRta karane kI isa velA meM athAha zraddhA ke sAtha kRtajJa hU~ tyAga-tapa-saMyama kI sAkAra mUrti, zreSTha manobalI, pUjyA sajjanamaNi zrI zaziprabhA zrIjI ma.sA. ke prati, jinakI antara preraNA ne hI mujhe isa mahat kArya ke lie kaTibaddha kiyA aura viSama bAdhAoM meM bhI sAhasa juTAne kA Atmabala pradAna kiyaa| canda zabdoM meM kaha~ to Agama jyoti guruvaryA ne, jJAna pipAsA kA diyA varadAna / anAyAsa kRpA vRSTi ne jagAyA, sAhasa aura aMtara meM lakSya kA bhAna / / zazi caraNoM meM rahakara pAyA, Agama-granthoM kA sudRr3ha jJAna / sneha AzISa pUjyavAoM kA, saphalatA pAne meM banA sopAna / / kRtajJatA jJApana ke isa avasara para maiM apanI samasta guru bahinoM kA bhI smaraNa karanA cAhatI hU~, jinhoMne mere lie sadabhAvanAe~ hI saMpreSita nahIM kI, apitu mere kArya meM yathAyogya sahayoga bhI diyaa| merI nikaTatama sahayoginI jyeSTha gurubahinA pU. priyadarzanA zrIjI ma.sA., saMyamaniSThA pU. jayaprabhA zrIjI ma.sA., sevAmUrti pU. divyadarzanA zrIjI ma.sA. jApa parAyaNI pU. tatvadarzanA zrIjI ma.sA., pravacanapaTu pU. samyakadarzanA zrIjI ma.sA., saralahRdayI pU. zubhadarzanA zrIjI ma.sA., prasannamanA pU. muditaprajJA zrIjI ma.sA., vyavahAra nipuNA zIlaguNA jI, madhurabhASI kanakaprabhA zrIjI, haMsamukha svabhAvI saMyamaprajJA zrIjI, saMvedanahRdayI zrutadarzanA jI Adi sarva ke avadAna ko bhI vismRta nahIM kara sakatI huuN| sAdhvIdvayA saralamanA sthitaprajJAjI evaM mauna sAdhikA saMvegaprajJAjI ke prati vizeSa AbhAra abhivyakta karatI hU~ kyoMki inhoMne prastuta zodha kArya ke daurAna vyAvahArika aupacArikatAoM se mukta rakhane, prUpha saMzodhana karane

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tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka ...lv evaM hara taraha kI sevAeM pradAna karane meM advitIya bhUmikA adA kii| sAtha hI garvAjJA ko zirodhArya kara jJAnopAsanA ke paloM meM nirantara merI sahacarI banI rhii| isI ke sAtha alpa bhASiNI suzrI monikA bairAThI (jayapura) evaM zAnta svabhAvI suzrI sImA chAjer3a (mAlegA~va) ko sAdhuvAda detI huI unake ujjvala bhaviSya kI tahedila se kAmanA karatI haiM kyoMki zodha kArya ke daurAna donoM mumukSu bahinoM ne hara taraha kI sevAeM pradAna kii| antarvizvAsa bhaginI maMDala kA, detI duAe~ sadA mujhko| priya kA nirdezana aura samyaka buddhi, mudita kare antara mana ko / sthita saMvega kI zruta sevAe~, yAda rahegI nita mujhko| . isa kArya meM nAma hai merA, zreya jAtA sajjana maNDala ko / / isa zodha prabandha ke praNayana kAla meM jinakA mArgadarzana aham sthAna rakhatA hai aise jaina vidyA evaM tulanAtmaka dharmadarzana ke niSNAta vidvAna, prAcya vidyApITha, zAjApura ke saMsthApaka, pita vAtsalya se samanvita, AdaraNIya DaoN. sAgaramalajI jaina ke prati antarbhAvoM se hArdika kRtajJatA abhivyakta karatI huuN| Apa zrI mere sahI arthoM meM jJAna guru haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki ApakI niSkAma karuNA mere zodha patha ko AdyaMta Alokita karatI rahI hai| ApakI asIma preraNA, ni:svArtha saujanya, saphala mArgadarzana aura sayogya nirmANa kI gaharI ceSTA ko dekhakara hara koI bhAvavihvala ho uThatA hai| Apake bAre meM adhika kucha kaha pAnA sUrya ko dIpaka dikhAne jaisA hai| divAkara sama jJAna prakAza se, jAgRta karate saMgha samAja sAgara sama zruta ratnoM ke dAtA, diyA mujhe bhI lakSya virATa / mArgadarzaka banakara mujha patha kA, sadA bar3hAyA kaaryollaas|| isa dIrgha zodhAvadhi meM saMghIya kartavyoM kA nirvahana karate hue aneka sthAnoM para adhyayanArtha pravAsa huaa| ina dinoM meM hara prakAra kI choTI-bar3I sevAe~ dekara sarva prakAreNa cintA mukta rakhane ke lie zAsana samarpita sunIlajI maMjujI botharA (rAyapura) ke bhakti bhAva kI anuzaMsA karatI huuN| apane sadabhAvoM kI UrjA se jinhoMne mujhe sadA sphurtimAna rakhA evaM dUrastha rahakara yathocita sevAe~ pradAna kI aisI svAdhyAya niSThA, zrImatI prItijI ajitajI pArakha (jagadalapura) bhI sAdhuvAda ke pAtra haiN|

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vi...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka sevA smRti kI isa kar3I meM paramAtma bhakti rasika, sevAbhAvI zrImatI zakuMtalAjI candrakumArajI (lAlA bAbU) muNota (kolakAtA) kI ananya sevA bhakti evaM AtmIya snehabhAva kI smRti sadA mAnasa paTala para banI rhegii| isI kar3I meM zrImati kiraNajI khemacaMdajI bAMThiyA (kolakAtA) tathA zrImatI nIlamajI jinendrajI baida (TATA nagara) kI nisvArtha sevA bhAvanA evaM mudrAoM ke citra nirmANa meM unake athaka prayAsoM ke lie maiM unakI sadA RNI rhuuNgii| banArasa adhyayana ke daurAna vahA~ ke bhelupura zrI saMgha, rAmaghATa zrI saMgha tathA nirmalacandajI gAMdhI,kIrtibhAI dhruva, azvina bhAI zAha, lalitajI bhaMsAlI, dharmendrajI gAMdhI, divyezajI zAha Adi parivAroM ne amUlya sevAe~ dI, etadartha una sabhI ko sahRdaya sAdhuvAda hai| isI pravAsa ke daramyAna kalakattA, jayapura, mumbaI, jagadalapura, madrAsa, beMgalora, mAlegA~va, TATAnagara, vArANasI Adi ke saMghoM evaM tat sthAnavartI kAntilAlajI mukIma, maNilAlajI dusAja, vimalacandajI mahamavAla, mahendrajI nAhaTA, ajayajI botharA, pannAlAla dugar3a, navaratanamalajI zrImAla, mayUra bhAI zAha, jItezamalajI, navInajI jhAr3acUra, azvinabhAI zAha, saMjayajI mAlU, dharmacandajI baida Adi ne mujhe antaprerita karate hue apanI sevAe~ dekara isa kArya kI saphalatA kA zreya prApta kiyA hai ataeva sabhI guru bhaktoM kI anumodanA karatI huI unake ujjvala bhaviSya kI kAmanA karatI huuN| isa zreSThatama zodha kArya ko pUrNatA dene aura use prAmANika siddha karane meM L.D. Institute ahamadAbAda zrI kailAzasAgarasUri jJAnamaMdira-kobA, prAcya vidyApITha-zAjApura, kharataragaccha saMgha lAyabrerI-jayapura, pArzvanAtha vidyApIThavArANasI ke pustakAlayoM kA ananya sahayoga prApta huA, etadartha kobA saMsthAna ke ketana bhAI, manoja bhAI, arUNajI Adi evaM pArzvanAtha vidyApITha ke omaprakAza siMha ko bahuta-bahuta dhanyavAda aura zubha bhAvanAe~ preSita karatI huuN| prastuta zodha kArya ko janagrAhya banAne meM jinakI puNya lakSmI sahayogI banI hai una sabhI zruta saMvardhaka lAbhArthiyoM kA maiM ananya hRdaya se AbhAra abhivyakta karatI huuN| isa bRhada zodha khaNDa ko kampyUTarAIjDa karane evaM use jana upayogI banAne hetu maiM aMtara hRdaya se AbhArI hU~ mitabhASI zrI vimalacandrajI mizrA

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tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka ...ivil (vArANasI) kI, jinhoMne isa kArya ko apanA samajhakara kuzalatA pUrvaka saMzodhana kiyaa| unakI kArya niSThA kA hI pariNAma hai ki yaha kArya Aja sAphalya ke zikhara para pahu~ca pAyA hai| isI krama meM jJAna rasika, mRdusvabhAvI zrIraMjanajI koThArI, suputra rohitajI koThArI evaM putravadhu jyotijI koThArI kA bhI maiM AbhAra vyakta karatI hU~ ki unhoMne jimmedArI pUrvaka sampUrNa sAhitya ke prakAzana evaM kaMvara DijAIniMga meM sajagatA dikhAI tathA use loka raMjanIya banAne kA prayAsa kiyaa| zodha prabandha kI samasta kaoNpiyoM ke nirmANa meM apanI puNya lakSmI kA sadupayoga kara zruta unnayana meM nimittabhUta bane haiN| Last but not the least ke rUpa meM usa sthAna kA ullekha bhI avazya karanA cAhU~gI jo mere isa zodha yAtrA ke prAraMbha evaM samApana kI pratyakSa sthalI bnii| san 1996 ke kolakAtA cAturmAsa meM jisa adhyayana kI nIMva DAlI gaI usakI bahumaMjila imArata satraha varSa bAda usI nagara meM Akara pUrNa huii| isa pUrNAhuti kA mukhya zreya jAtA hai zrI jinaraMgasUri pauzAla ke TrasTI zrI vimalacaMdajI mahamavAla, kAntilAlajI mukIma, kamalacaMdajI dhAMdhiyA, maNilAlajI dusAja Adi ko jinhoMne adhyayana ke lie yathAyogya sthAna evaM suvidhAe~ pradAna kI tathA saMgha samAja ke kAryabhAra se mukta rakhane kA bhI prayAsa kiyaa| isa zodha kArya ke antargata jAne-anajAne meM kisI bhI prakAra kI truTi raha gaI ho athavA pratyakSa-apratyakSa rUpa meM sahayogI bane hue logoM ke prati kRtajJa bhAva abhivyakta na kiyA ho to sahRdaya micchAmi dukkaDam kI prArthI huuN| pratibimba indU kA dekha jala meM, AnaMda pAtA hai bAla jyoN| Apta vANI manana kara, Aja prasannacitta maiM huuN| satguru janoM ke mArga kA, yadi satprarUpaNa nA kiyA / kSamatva hU~ maiM sujJa janoM se, ho kSamA mujha gltiyaaN||

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micchAmi dukkaDaM Agama marmajJA, Azu kavayitrI, jaina jagata kI anupama sAdhikA, pravartinI pada suzodhitA, kharataragaccha dIpikA pU. guruvaryA zrI sajjana zrIjI ma.sA. kI antaraMga kRpA se Aja choTe se lakSya ko pUrNa kara pAI huuN| ___ yahA~ zodha kArya ke praNayana ke daurAna upasthita hue kucha saMzaya yukta tathyoM kA samAdhAna karanA cAhU~gI sarvaprathama to muni jIvana kI autsargika maryAdAoM ke kAraNa jAnateajAnate kaI viSaya anachue raha gae haiN| upalabdha sAmagrI ke anusAra hI viSaya kA spaSTIkaraNa ho pAyA hai ataH kahIM-kahIM sandardhita viSaya meM apUrNatA thI pratIta ho sakatI hai| dUsarA jaina saMpradAya meM sAdhvI varga ke lie kucha niyata maryAdAra haiM jaise pratiSThA, aMjanazalAkA, upasthApanA, padasthApanA Adi karavAne evaM Agama zAstroM ko par3hAne kA adhikAra sAdhvI samudAya ko nahIM hai| yogodavahana, upadhAna Adi kriyAoM kA adhikAra mAtra padasthApanA yogya muni bhagavaMtoM ko hI hai| ina paristhitiyoM meM prazna upasthita ho sakatA hai ki kyA eka sAdhvI anadhikRta evaM ananubhUta viSayoM para apanA cintana prastuta kara sakatI hai? isake javAba meM yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki jaina vidhi-vidhAnoM kA tulanAtmaka evaM samIkSAtmaka adhyayana' yaha zodha kA viSaya hone se yatkiMcita likhanA Avazyaka thA ataH guru AjJA pUrvaka vidvadvara AcArya bhagavaMtoM se dizA nirdeza evaM samyaka jAnakArI prAptakara prAmANika ullekha karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| tIsarA prAyazcitta dene kA adhikAra yadyapi gItArtha muni bhagavaMtoM ko hai kintu prAyazcitta vidhi adhikAra meM jIta (pracalita) vyavahAra ke anusAra prAyazcitta yogya tapa kA varNana kiyA hai| isakA uddezya mAtra yahI hai ki bhavya jIva pApa bhIka baneM evaM doSakArI kriyAoM se paricita hoveN| koI bhI AtmArthI ise dekhakara svayaM prAyazcitta grahaNa na kreN|

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tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka ...lix isa zodha ke antargata kaI viSaya aise haiM jinake lie kSetra kI dUrI ke kAraNa yathocita jAnakArI evaM samAdhAna prApta nahIM ho pAsa, ataH tadviSayaka pUrNa spaSTIkaraNa nahIM kara pAI huuN| kucha logoM ke mana meM yaha zaMkA bhI utpanna ho sakatI hai ki mudrA vidhi ke adhikAra meM hindU, bauddha, nATya Adi mudrAoM para itanA gUr3ha adhyayana kyoM? mudrA eka yaugika prayoga hai| isakA sAmAnya hetu jo thI ho paraMtu isakI anuzruti AdhyAtmika evaM zArIrika svasthatA ke rUpa meM hI hotI hai| prAyaH mudrAe~ mAnava ke dainika caryA se sambandhita hai| itara paramparAoM kA jaina paramparA ke sAtha pArasparika sAmya-vaiSamya bhI rahA hai ataH inake sadpakSoM ko ujAgara karane hetu anya mudrAoM para thI gUr3ha anveSaNa kiyA hai| yahA~ yaha bhI kahanA cAhU~gI ki zodha viSaya kI virATatA, samaya kI pratibaddhatA, samucita sAdhanoM kI alpatA, sAdhu jIvana kI maryAdA, anubhava kI nyUnatA, vyAvahArika evaM sAmAnya jJAna kI kamI ke kAraNa sabhI viSayoM kA yathAyogya vizleSaNa nahIM bhI ho pAyA hai| hA~, vidhi-vidhAnoM ke aba taka aspRSTa patroM ko kholane kA prayatna avazya kiyA hai| prajJA sampanna muni varga isake aneka rahasya paTaloM ko udghATita kara skeNge| yaha eka prAraMbha mAtra hai| ___antataH jinavANI kA vistAra karate hue evaM zodha viSaya kA anveSaNa karate hue alpamati ke kAraNa zAstra viruddha prakapaNA kI ho, AcAryoM ke gUDhArtha ko yathArUpa na samajhA ho, apane mata ko rakhate hue jAne-anajAne arhatavANI kA kaTAkSa kiyA ho, jinavANI kA apalApa kiyA ho, bhASA rUpa meM use samyaka abhivyakti na dI ho, anya kisI ke mata ko likhate hue usakA saMdartha na diyA ho athavA anya kucha dhI jinAjJA viruddha kiyA ho yA likhA ho to usake lie trikaraNaviyogapUrkaka zruta rupa jina dharma se micchAmi dukkar3am karatI huuN|

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viSayAnukramaNikA adhyAya-1 : tapa kA svarUpa evaM paribhASAe~ 1-20 1. tapa zabda ke vibhinna artha 2. tapa kI zAstrIya paribhASAe~ 3. tapa karane kA adhikAra kise? 4. tapasvI kauna? 5. tapa prArambha hetu zubha dina 6. tapa prArambha kI pUrva vidhi 7. pratyAkhyAna pArane kI vidhi 8. pratyeka tapa meM karane yogya sAmAnya vidhi 9. sarva tapasyA grahaNa karane kI vidhi / adhyAya - 2 : tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya 21-102 1. bAhya aura Abhyantara tapa bheda ke hetu 2. bAhya evaM Abhyantara tapa meM zreSTha kauna ? 3. tapa kA vargIkaraNa- bAhya evaM Abhyantara dvividha rUpa meN| * bAhya tapa ke chaha prakAra - (i) anazana (ii) UnodarI (iii) bhikSAcaryA (iv) vRttisaMkSepa (v) rasaparityAga aura (vi) kAyakleza kA svarUpa evaM usake laabh| * Abhyantara tapa ke chaha prakAra- (i) prAyazcitta (ii) vinaya (iii) vaiyAvRtya (iv) svAdhyAya (v) dhyAna aura (vi) vyutsarga kA svarUpa evaM vividha lAbha | 4. tapa ke anya prakAra * nikSepa kI apekSA (i) nAma tapa (ii) sthApanA tapa (iii) dravya tp| * anAhAra kI apekSA - (i) ojAhAra tyAga (ii) romAhAra tyAga (iii) kavalAhAra tyaag| * kavalAhAra tyAga kI apekSA - (i) akSudhA tapa (ii) svabhAva tapa (iii) ihaloka tapa (iv) paraloka tapa (v) vItarAga tapa (vi) sarAga tapa (vii) bAla tapa (viii) akAma tapa / * anya tapa bhedoM kI apekSA - (i) sUryodaya sApekSa (ii) sUryAsta sApekSa

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tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka ... xi (iii) kAla sApekSa (iv) AhAra sApekSa / adhyAya - 3 : tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva 103-166 1. tapa sAdhanA kI AvazyakatA kyoM? 2. tapa antarAya karma kA udaya nahIM 3. tapasyA kA phala 4. tapa sAdhanA kA uddezya 5. tapa sAdhanA ke pratyakSa lAbha 6. tapa aura Asana 7. tapa aura prANAyAma 8. tapa aura dhyAna 9. vividha dRSTiyoM se tapa sAdhanA kI mUlyavattA * * jaina dharma kI dRSTi se * tIrthaMkara kI dRSTi se * granthoM kI dRSTi se * Ayurveda kI dRSTi se * prAkRtika cikitsA kI dRSTi se * vaijJAnika dRSTi se * zrutajJAna ArAdhanA kI dRSTi se * utkRSTa maMgala kI dRSTi se karmakSaya kI dRSTi se * indriya niyaMtraNa kI dRSTi se * manobala vardhana kI dRSTi se * gRhastha dharma kI dRSTi se * bhautika sukha-samRddhiyoM kI dRSTi se * deva sAnnidhya kI dRSTi se * AdhyAtmika labdhiyoM evaM siddhiyoM kI dRSTi se * vaidika dharma kI dRSTi se * bauddha dharma kI dRSTi se * vyAvahArika dRSTi se * vartamAna yuga kI dRSTi se * vividha pahaluoM kI dRSTi se / 10. tapa vidhiyoM ke rahasya * tapa kAla meM bAhya kAryoM se nivRtti Avazyaka kyoM ? * tapasyA meM sAthiyA, kAyotsarga, jApa Adi kyoM ? * tapasyA meM devavandana kaba aura kyoM ? 11. Adhunika yuga meM bar3hatA ADambara aura pradarzana kitanA prAsaMgika ? 12. bAhya tapa adhika Avazyaka hai yA Abhyantara tapa ? adhyAya - 4: jaina dharma kI zvetAmbara evaM digambara paramparA meM pracalita tapa - vidhiyA~ 1. zvetAmbara granthoM meM varNita tapazcaryA sUcI 167-194 (i) antakRtadazA sUtra meM ullikhita tapa (ii) uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM nirdiSTa tapa (iii) paMcAzaka prakaraNa meM upadiSTa tapa (iv) pravacanasAroddhAra meM

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Ixii... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka nirUpita tapa (v) tilakAcArya sAmAcArI meM varNita tapa (vi) subodhAsAmAcArI meM pratipAdita tapa (vii) vidhimArgaprapA meM prarUpita tapa (viii) AcAradinakara meM nirdiSTa tapa / 2. tapa vidhiyA~ - * kevalajJAnI tIrthaMkara puruSoM dvArA prarUpita tapa 1. bhikSu pratimA-tapa 2. sapta saptamikA bhikSu pratimA-tapa 3. aSTaaSTamikA bhikSu pratimA-tapa 4 navanavamikA bhikSu pratimA-tapa 5. dazadazamikA bhikSu pratimA-tapa 6. bhadrapratimA-tapa 7. mahAbhadra pratimA-tapa 8. bhadrottara pratimA-tapa 9. sarvatobhadra pratimA-tapa 10. guNaratnasaMvatsara- tapa 11. laghusiMha niSkrIDita - tapa 12. mahAsiMha niSkrIDita-tapa 13. kanakAvalItapa 14. muktAvalI -tapa 15. ratnAvalI - tapa 16. ekAvalI - tapa 17. AyaMbila vardhamAna - tapa 18. zreNI - tapa 19. pratara tapa 20 ghana - tapa 21. mahAghana - tapa 22. varga-tapa 23. varga varga- tapa 24. prakIrNa-tapa 25. indriyajaya-tapa kaSAyajaya-tapa 27. yogazuddhi- - tapa 28. dharmacakra-tapa 26. aSTakarmasUdana - tapa 31. upAsakapratimA-tapa / 29. laghuaSTAhnikA-tapadvaya 30 * gItArtha muniyoM dvArA prarupita tapa 1. kalyANaka-tapa 2. tIrthaMkara dIkSA - tapa 3. tIrthaMkara kevalajJAna- tapa 4. tIrthaMkara nirvANa - tapa 5. jJAna darzana cAritra - tapa 6. cAndrAyaNa - tapa 7. vardhamAnaMtapa 8. paramabhUSaNa-tapa 9. UnodarikA - tapa 10. sallekhanA - tapa 11. sarvasaMkhyA zrI mahAvIra-tapa 12. gyAraha aMga - tapa 13. dvAdazAMga - tapa 14. caturdazapUrva- tapa 15. jJAnapaMcamI-tapa 16. caturvidha saMgha - tapa 17. saMvatsara (varSI) tapa 18. saMvatsaratapa 19. bArahamAsika-tapa 20. aSTamAsika - tapa 21. chahamAsika-tapa 22. puNDarIka-tapa 23. nandIzvara - tapa 24. mANikya prastArikA - tapa 25. padmottaratapa 26. samavazaraNa tapa 27. ekAdaza gaNadhara tapa 28. azokavRkSa-tapa 29. eka sau sittarajina - tapa 30. navakAra - tapa 31. paMca parameSThI - tapa 32. dazavidha yatidharma- - tapa 33. merU - tapa 34. battIsa kalyANaka - tapa 35. cyavana- tapa 36. sUryAyaNa-tapa 37. lokanAlI-tapa 38. kalyANaka aSTAhnikA - tapa 39. mAghamAlA-tapa 40. mahAvIra - tapa 41. lakSapratipada-tapa 42. aSTApada pAvar3I tapa 43. mokSadaNDa-tapa 44. aduHkhadarzI - tapa 45 gautamapAtra tapa 46 nirvANadIpa -

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tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka...Ixiii (dIpAvalI)-tapa 47. akhaNDadazamI - tapa 48. karmacUrNa - tapa 49. laghunaMdyAvartta - tapa 50. bRhatnaMdyAvartta-tapa 51. bIsa sthAnaka - tapa 52 aSTakarmottara prakRti-tapa / * phala kI AkAMkSA se kiye jAne vAle tapa 1. sarvAGgasundara-tapa 2. nirUjazikhA - tapa 3. saubhAgya kalpavRkSa - tapa 4. damayantI-tapa 5. Ayatijanaka - tapa 6. akSayanidhi - tapa 7. mukuTasaptamItapa 8. ambA-tapa 9. rohiNI - ta - tapa 10. zrutadevatA - tapa 11. zrI tIrthaMkara mAtRtapa 12. sarvasukha sampatti - tapa 13. laghu pakhavAsA - tapa 14. amRtASTamI - tapa 15. paratrapAlI - tapa 16. namaskAra phala - tapa 17. avidhavA dazamI -tapa / * arvAcIna paramparA meM pracalita laukika tapa 1. azubha nivAraNa - tapa 2. dAridraya nivAraNa - tapa 3. kalaMka nivAraNatapa 4. svarNa karaNDaka - tapa 5. aSTa mahAsiddhi-tapa / * arvAcIna paramparA meM pracalita lokottara tapa 1. merutrayodazI - tapa 2 pauSadazamI - tapa 3. mauna ekAdazI - tapa 4. dasa pratyAkhyAna-tapa 5. aTThAIsa labdhi - tapa 6. aSTa pravacana mAtR-tapa 7. cattAri aTTha dasa doya-tapa 8. kaNThAbharaNa - tapa 9. kSIrasamudra- tapa 10. paiMtAlIsa Agamatapa 11. teraha kAThiyA - tapa 12, devalaiMDA - tapa 13. navanidhi-tapa 14. nava brahmacarya gupti-tapa 15. nigoda AyukSaya - tapa 16. zrI pArzva gaNadhara - tapa 17. ratnarohaNa - tapa 18 bRhat saMsAratAraNa- tapa 19. cintAmaNi- tapa 20. zatruJjaya modaka - tapa 23. zatruJjaya chaTTha- aTThama-tapa 24. siddhi-tapa 25. paradezI rAjA - tapa 26. bAvana jinAlaya - tapa 27. tIrtha - tapa 28. pacaraMgI - tapa 29. candanabAlA-tapa 30. navapada olI - tapa 31. eka sau ATha pArzvanAthatapa 32. bIsa viharamAna - tapa 33 aSTamI - tapa 34 sahasrakUTa - tp| 3. digambara paramparA meM pracalita tapa (i) harivaMza purANa meM varNita tapa sUcI (i) cAritrasAra meM nirdiSTa tapa (iii) vasunandizrAvakAcAra meM ullekhita tapa sUcI (iv) vratavidhAna saMgraha meM kathita tapa suucii|

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|xiv...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka adhyAya-5 : bhAratIya paramparAoM meM pracalita vratoM (tapoM) kA sAmAnya svarUpa 195-213 1. hindU dharma meM mAnya vratoM kA nirdeza 2. bauddha dharma meM vrata parvotsava 3. masIhI (IsAI) dharma ke parvotsava 4. muslima dharma meM vrtotsv| adhyAya-6 : tapa kA aitihAsika anuzIlana evaM tulanAtmaka adhyayana 1. tapa sAdhanA kI aitihAsika vikAsa yAtrA 2. udyApana kyA, kyoM aura kaba? 3. udyApana sambandhI sAmagrI 4. udyApana kartA ko kucha nirdeza 5. tulanAtmaka adhyyn| adhyAya-7 : upasaMhAra 227-235 sahAyaka grantha sUcI 236-244 214-226

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adhyAya-1 tapa kA svarUpa evaM paribhASAe~ zramaNa saMskRti meM tapa yoga kA gauravapUrNa sthAna hai| bhAratIya santa-sAdhakoM ne to ise tapa pradhAna saMskRti se hI upamita kiyA hai| tapasyA zramaNa saMskRti kA prANa hai, kyoMki zramaNa hI taposAdhanA ke nirvAhaka hote haiN| AcArya haribhadrasUri ne tapa kA dUsarA nAma zramaNa diyA hai| jo sAdhaka Atma kAryoM meM zrama karatA hai, tapa kI sAdhanA karatA hai, vaha zramaNa hai| zIlAMkAcArya ne sthAnAMga TIkA meM isI bAta ko puSTa karate hue kahA hai ki jo kSINakAya hai, tapa dvArA zarIra ko kheda-khinna karatA hai, vaha zramaNa hai| vastutaH 'zramaNa' zabda tapasvI kA vAcaka hai| muni jIvana kA mUla mantra tapa hai, tapa hI usakA parama dharma hai| isIlie zramaNa saMskRti ne tapa ko dharma kI saMjJA dI hai| pUrvAcAryoM ne isI mata kA anusaraNa karate hue dazavaikAlikasUtra meM kahA hai__"dhammo maMgala mukkiTTha ahiMsA saMjamo tavo' arthAta ahiMsA, saMyama aura tapa rUpa dharma hI utkRSTa maMgala hai| isa Agama pATha ke AdhAra para kahA jA sakatA hai ki tapa ke binA dharma kA koI astitva hI nahIM hai| koI bhI sAdhanA paddhati tapaHzUnya nahIM ho sktii| tapa do varNoM kA atyanta laghu zabda hai, kintu isakI zakti acintya hai| jaise- 'aNu' zabda choTA hai lekina usakI zakti virAT hai| Aja bar3e-bar3e rASTra bhI aNu (paramANu) zakti se bhayabhIta haiM, vaise hI tapaHzakti bhI asIma aura virAT hai| pUrvAcAryoM ne isa zabda kI aneka vyAkhyAe~ kI haiM tathA bhinna-bhinna vyutpattiyoM ke mAdhyama se 'tapa' ko samyak rUpa se vizleSita kiyA hai| yadyapi tapa zabda kI vyAkhyAoM meM arthata: ekarUpatA hai, kintu bodha kI dRSTi se navInatA parilakSita hotI hai| jijJAsu varga ke lie vaha spaSTIkaraNa nimna prakAra hai

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2... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka tapa zabda ke vibhinna artha jaina TIkAoM evaM prAcIna granthoM meM tapa ke kaI artha ullikhita haiN| saMskRta vyutpatti ke anusAra "tapyate'neneti tapaH " arthAta jisake dvArA tapA jAtA hai athavA zarIra ko tapAyA jAtA hai, vaha tapa hai| zabda - racanA kI dRSTi se tapa zabda tap dhAtu se banA hai jisakA artha tapanA hai| 4 kahA hai AcArya abhayadevasUri ne tapa kA nirukta (zAbdika artha ) karate hue "rasa- rudhira-mAMsa-medAsthi - majjA zukrAvyanena tapyante, karmANi vA'zubhAnItyatastapo nAma niruktaH / " jisa sAdhanA ke dvArA zarIra ke rasa, rakta, mAMsa, asthi, majjA aura zukra- ye dhAtue~ aura azubha karma kSINa hote haiM, sUkha jAte haiM, jala jAte haiM, vaha tapa hai| 5 * zAstroM meM tapasviyoM ke sambandha meM varNana AtA hai - "sukkhe, lukkhe, nimmaMse" arthAta tapasvI kA zarIra lUkhA sUkhA, mAMsa-rakta rahita haDDiyoM kA DhAMcA mAtra bana jAtA hai aura unake karma to tapakara kSINa hote hI haiN| isa prakAra tapa kI ukta vyAkhyA bhautika aura AdhyAtmika ubhaya dRSTiyoM se mahattvapUrNa siddha hotI hai| jaina * vAGmaya ke suprasiddha TIkAkAra AcArya malayagiri ne tapa kA nirUkta isa prakAra batalAyA hai - " tApayati aSTaprakAraM karma iti tapaH / " jo aSTavidha karmoM ko tapAtA hai athavA aSTakarmoM ko vinaSTa karane meM samartha ho, vaha tapa hai|" * jaina AgamoM ke prasiddha cUrNikAra jinadAsagaNi mahattara ne tapa kI vyAkhyA meM kahA hai- "tappate aNeNa pAvaM kammamiti tapo / " jisa sAdhanA yA ArAdhanA se pApa karma tapta - 1 - vinaSTa hotA hai, vaha tapa hai| 7 * dazavaikAlikacUrNi meM jinadAsagaNi ne tapa kA vizleSaNa karate hue kahA hai- "tavo NAma tAvayati aTThavihaM kammagaMThi nAsetitti vRttaM bhavai / " jo ATha prakAra kI karma granthiyoM ko tapAtA hai, usakA nAza karatA hai, vaha tapa hai| 8 hama dekhate haiM ki zarad Rtu meM pahAr3oM para barpha jamatI hai, pAnI kI caTTAneM bana jAtI haiN| una para caleM to phisalana kI pUrNa saMbhAvanA rahatI hai, kintu grISmakAla meM vahI caTTAneM pAnI banakara baha jAtI haiM yA sUkha jAtI haiN| usI prakAra

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tapa kA svarUpa evaM paribhASAe~...3 saMsArI AtmA ke zuddha pradezoM para pApa karmoM kI caTTAneM jamI huI haiN| vaha tapAgni se pighala kara sUkha jAtI haiM yA cetanA kendra se niHsata ho jAtI haiN| kahane kA tAtparya hai ki tapa AcaraNa karma rUpI himakhaNDoM ko bhI cUra-cUra karane kI tAkata rakhatA hai| * uttarAdhyayanasUtra kI TIkA ke anusAra "tapati puropAtta karmANi kSapaNeneti tapo ......... yadarhadvacanAnusAri tadeva smiiciinmupaadiiyte|" arthAta jo pUrva upArjita karmoM ko kSINa karatA hai, vaha tapa hai| arhata vacana ke anusAra tapa hI samyak hai aura vahI upAdeya hai| * Avazyaka hAribhadrIyaTIkA evaM dazavaikAlika hAribhadrIyaTIkA meM tapa kA marma batAte hue kahA gayA hai- "tapayatyanekabhavopAttamaSTaprakAraM karmeti tpH|" jo aneka bhavoM meM upArjita ATha prakAra ke karmoM ko jalAtA hai, naSTa karatA hai, vaha tapa hai|10 * digambara paramparA ke pUjyapAda ne sarvArthasiddhi meM pRthak-pRthak prasaMgoM ke anusAra tapa kI aneka vyAkhyAe~ ullikhita kI haiN| ve kahate haiM- "anigUhitta vIryasya mArgAvirodhikAya klezatapaH" Atmazakti ko na chipAte hue mokSa mArga ke anukUla zarIra ko kleza arthAta kaSTa denA tapa hai|11 "karmakSayArthaM tapyata iti tpH|" karma kSaya ke lie jo tapA jAtA hai, vaha tapa hai|12 "anazanAva-maudaryAdi lakSaNaM tapaH" anazana, avamaudarya Adi karanA tapa hai|13 pUjyapAda kI ukta sabhI vyAkhyAe~ tapa ke AdhyAtmika artha ko sUcita karatI haiN| * tattvArthavArtikakAra ne tapa kI vyAkhyA karate hue samajhAyA hai ki "karmanirdahanAttapaH" karma ko vizeSa rUpa se dahana kara denA, jalA denA tapa hai| jaise- agni sacita tRNa Adi IMdhana ko bhasma kara detI hai vaise hI anazana Adi tapa mithyAdarzana Adi karmoM kA dAha karate haiM, isalie tapa kahe jAte haiN|14 * isI krama meM AcArya akalaMka yaha bhI kahate haiM ki - "dehendriya taapaadvaa|" arthAta anazana Adi bAhya tapa deha aura indriyoM kI viSaya pravRtti ko rokakara unheM tapA dete haiM, ata: inheM tapa saMjJA prApta hai| Azaya yaha hai ki bAhya tapa se indriyoM kA nigraha sahaja ho jAtA hai| . tattvasAra meM devasena ne kahA hai- "paraM karmakSayArthaM yattapyate tattapaH smRtm|" viziSTa karmoM kA kSaya karane ke lie jisa zarIra Adi ko tapAyA jAtA hai, vaha tapa rUpa meM smRta honA caahie|15

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4 ... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka * cAritrasAra meM tapa kA artha kucha alaga haTakara kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ cAmuNDarAya kahate haiM ki "rtntryaavirbhaavaarthbhicchaanirodhstpH|" athavA "karmakSayArthaM mArgAvirodhena tapyate iti tapaH / " ratnatraya kA AvirbhAva karane ke lie mithyAtva bhAva kA nirodha karanA, use rokanA tapa hai athavA jisake dvArA pApa karmoM kA kSaya karane ke lie unmArga ko avirodha ( prabala zakti) pUrvaka tapAyA jAtA hai, vaha tapa hai| 16 * * mUlAcAra TIkA meM AcArya vaTTakera ne tapa kA nimna lakSaNa batalAte hue kahA hai- "tapati dahati zarIrendriyANi tapaH bAhyAbhyantaralakSaNaM karmadahana smrthm|" jisameM zarIra aura indriyA~ tapatI haiM, dahakatI haiM vaha bAhya tapa hai aura jo karmoM ko jalAne meM samartha hai, vaha tapa kA Abhyantara lakSaNa hai| 17 jayasenAcAryakRta pravacanasAravRtti ke ullekhAnusAra " samasta rAgAdi bhAvecchAtyAgena svasvarUpe pratapanaM vijayanaM tapaH / " samasta rAgAdi bhAva kA svecchA pUrvaka tyAgakara sva svarUpa ko prApta karanA evaM vijayI bananA tapa hai| 18 * padmanandi paMcaviMzati meM tapa kA gUr3hArtha batalAte hue muni padmanandi ne kahA hai- "karmamalavilayahetorbodhadRzA tapyate tapaH proktam / " arthAta samyagjJAnarUpI netra ko dhAraNa karane vAle sAdhu ke dvArA jo karma rUpI maila ko dUra karane ke lie tapA jAtA hai, use tapa kahA gayA hai / vaha bAhya aura Abhyantara ke bheda se do prakAra kA tathA anazana Adi ke bheda se bAraha prakAra kA hai / yaha tapa janma rUpI samudra se pAra hone ke lie jahAja ke samAna hai| 19 * AcArya vAdIbhasiMha ne ahiMsA ko tapa kahA hai| ve kSatracUr3AmaNi meM likhate haiM ki "tattapo yatra jantUnAM santApo naiva jAtucita / " - jisameM kisI bhI jIva ko kiJcita mAtra bhI santApa yA kleza nahIM hotA, vahI saccA tapa hai | 20 * AcArya hemacandra ne TIkA granthoM kA anusaraNa karate hue karmoM ko paritapta karane vAlI kriyA ko tapa kahA hai| 21 * paMcAzaka TIkA ke anusAra bhI jo kriyA karmoM ko tapAtI hai, jalAtI hai, vaha tapa hai|22 dharmasaMgraha ke nirdezAnusAra jisa AcaraNa ke dvArA rasa Adi dhAtuoM ko kSINa kiyA jAtA hai athavA karmamala ko naSTa kiyA jAtA hai, vaha tapa hai| 23 uparyukta arthoM se niSkarSa pAte haiM ki jisa samyak karma ke dvArA pApa karmoM ko vinaSTa, zarIra aura indriyoM ko prakSINa evaM mithyA bhAvoM kA nirodha kiyA jAtA hai, vaha tapa kahalAtA hai|

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tapa kA svarUpa evaM paribhASAe~...5 tapa kI zAstrIya paribhASAe~ jaise sUrya aura agni ke tApa se bAhya mala dUra ho jAtA hai, vaise hI tapa ke dvArA antara maloM kA zodhana hotA hai| jaina-sAhitya meM isa taraha kI aneka paribhASAe~ ullikhita haiN| jainAgamoM meM tapa zabda kA prayoga to dekhA jAtA hai kintu vahA~ tapa ke phalAdeza para hI adhika carcA hai, jabaki TIkA granthoM evaM paravartI granthoM meM yaha varNana samucita rUpa se prApta hotA hai| jo isa prakAra hai tapa kI bhAva pradhAna paribhASA karate hue eka AcArya ne kahA hai- "icchA nirodhastapaH" icchAoM kA nirodha karanA hI tapa hai| icchAe~ AkAza ke samAna ananta haiN| una ananta lipsAoM ko dUra karane kA samyak upakrama karanA hI tapa hai| tapo yoga se samagra AkAMkSAe~ sahaja naSTa ho jAtI haiN| AcArya zivakoTi tapa kI vizuddha vyAkhyA karate hue likhate haiM ki caraNammi tammi jo ujjamo ya, AuMjaNA ya jo hoii| so ceva jiNehiM, tavo bhaNido asaDhaM caraMtassa / / cAritra meM jo udyoga aura upayoga kiyA jAtA hai, jinezvara paramAtmA ne use hI tapa kahA hai tathA yaha tapa ArAdhanA mAyArahita muni ke lie hI sambhava hai| yahA~ samyak cAritra ko hI samyak tapa kahA gayA hai|24 AcArya kundakunda ne Atma nimagnatA kI sthiti ko tapa batalAyA hai| ve dvAdazAnaprekSA meM nirdiSTa karate haiM visaya-kasAya viNiggaha bhAvaM, kAUNa jhANa-sajjhAe / jo bhAvai appANaM, tassa tavaM hodi NiyameNa / / viSaya-kaSAyoM kA nigraha karake dhyAna aura svAdhyAya meM nirata hote hue jo AtmA ko dhyAtA hai arthAta Atmacintana karatA hai usake hI niyama se tapa hotA hai|25 upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne bAhyAbhyantara tapoM ko abhISTa mAnate hue kahA hai jJAnameva budhAH prAhuH, karmaNAM tApanAta tapaH / tadAbhyantarameveSTaM, bAhyaM tadupabRMhakam / / jo karmoM ko tapAtA hai vaha jJAnarUpa kriyA hI tapa hai|26 dhavalA pustaka ke anusAra mokSa mArga ke tIna sAdhanoM ko AvirbhUta karane

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6...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka ke lie mithyAtva kA nirodha karanA tapa hai| "tiNhaM rayaNANamAvimbhAvaTTamicchANiroho tvo|" ___ tattvArthazlokavArtika meM mokSamArga ke anukUla kAyika kaSTa ko tapa kahA gayA hai|27 AcArya vidyAnanda jI ne isa sambandha meM zAstrIya paribhASA upadiSTa kI hai anigUhita vIryasya samyagmArgAvirodhataH / kAyaklezaH samAkhyAtaM, vizuddhaM zaktitastapaH / / apanI Atma-zakti ko chipAye binA mokSamArga ke anurUpa zarIra ko kaSTa denA, vahI vizuddha tapa hai|28 bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM eka jagaha kahA gayA hai ki apekSA aura phala kI kAmanA ke binA anazana Adi ke parityAga rUpa jo kriyA hai, vaha tapa hai|29 yahA~ bAraha prakAra kI tapasyA ko tapa saMjJA dI gaI hai| kArtikeyAnuprekSA meM svAmIkumAra ne vividha kaSToM ke sAtha samatva bhAva ko tapa kahA hai iha-paraloyasuhANaM, Niravekkho jo karedi samabhAvo / vivihaM kAyakilesaM, tavadhammo Nimmalo tassa / / jo ihalaukika - pAralaukika sukha kI kAmanA ke binA aneka prakAra ke daihika kaSToM ko samabhAvapUrvaka jhelatA hai, vahI nirmala tapa hai|30 upAsakAdhyayana meM Atmazuddhi meM nimittabhUta karma ko tapa batalAyA hai| AcArya somadevasUri isa sambandha meM apanA abhiprAya batAte haiM ki antarbahirmalaploSAdAtmanaH zuddhikAraNam / zArIraM mAnasaM karma, tapaH prAhustapodhanAH / / zArIrika aura mAnasika karma jo AtmA ke antara evaM bAhya maloM ko niSkAsita karatA huA usakI zuddhi meM kAraNabhUta banatA hai, use tapa kahA gayA hai|31 ___ AcArya somadeva ne nItivAkyAmRta meM pAMca indriyoM aura mana ko niyantrita rakhane vAle anuSThAna ko tapa kahA hai| "indriyamanasorniyamAnuSThAnaM tpH|"32 saiddhAntika cakravartI vIranandI ne bhI AcArasAra meM indriya evaM mana ke niyAmaka anuSThAna ko hI tapa kahA hai|33

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tapa kA svarUpa evaM paribhASAe~...7 AcArya hemacandra ke anusAra cheda grantha athavA jItakalpa meM varNita tapa AcaraNa dvArA jitanI bhAva vizuddhi hotI hai, use saccA tapa jAnanA caahie|34 paM. AzAdhara racita anagAradharmAmRta meM tapa kA viziSTa svarUpa batalAte hue kahA gayA hai tapo mano'kSa kAyANAM, tapanAta tannirodhanAta / nirucyate dRmAdyAvi, rbhAvAyecchA nirodhanam / / yadvA mArgA virodhena, karmocchedAya tapyate / arjayatyakSa-manasostattapo niyama kriyA / / mana, indriyA~ aura zarIra ko tapAne para athavA inheM samyak rUpa se niyantrita karane para samyagdarzana Adi kA prAdurbhAva honA tathA icchAoM kA nirodha honA tapa kahalAtA hai| prakArAntara se ratnatraya rUpa mokSamArga meM kisI prakAra kI hAni na pahu~cAte hue zubha-azubha karmoM kA nirmUla vinAza karane ke lie jo tapA jAtA hai, vaha tapa hai|35 paM. AzAdharajI ne pUrvAcAryoM kA anusaraNa karate hue indriya, mana evaM zarIra ko kuza karane para hI adhika bala diyA hai| unakA mantavya hai ki deha Adi ko tapAne se icchAoM kA damanIya parizIlana hotA hai tathA icchAoM ke avaruddha hone se ratnatraya kI prApti hotI hai| isI taraha mahApurANa, . tattvArthabhASya, cAritrasAra, ArAdhanAsAra, amitagatizrAvakAcAra, tattvArthasAra Adi kaI granthoM meM tapa kA maulika svarUpa upalabdha hotA hai| uparyukta paribhASAoM se yaha spaSTa parilakSita hotA hai ki jo paramparAe~ sirpha deha damana mAtra ko tapa mAnatI haiM, ve tapa ke sampUrNa svarUpa se anabhijJa haiN| tapa vAstava meM deha damana taka sImita nahIM hai, usakA aMkuza icchA aura vAsanA para rahatA hai| Upara varNita granthakAroM ne tapa ke bAhya aura Abhyantara dvividha tapa koTiyoM ko mahattva diyA hai| ___yahA~ yaha bhI ullekhanIya hai ki zAstroM meM jahA~ kahIM saMyama kA varNana hai vahA~ tapa kA varNana avazya kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki jaise jala ke binA machalI jIvita nahIM raha sakatI, havA ke binA agni prajvalita nahIM ho sakatI, vaise hI saMyama ke binA tapa kI sAdhanA bhI cala nahIM sktii| yathArthata: saMyama aura tapa

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8...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka zAbdika dRSTi se bhinna haiM, kintu bhAva eka hI hai| indriya saMyama, mana saMyama, vacana saMyama ye saba tapa ke hI antargata Ate haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne dharma kA svarUpa batAte hue kahA hai - "ahiMsA saMjamo tavo" dharma- ahiMsA, saMyama evaM tapa rUpa hai| ina tInoM zabdoM ke artha bAhyataH pRthak-pRthak haiM, kintu gaharAI meM utarane para unameM abhedapanA pratIta hotA hai| prAcIna granthoM meM saMyama, niyama, icchA-nirodha Adi ko tapa kI hI koTi meM ginA gayA hai| jaina AgamoM ke anuzIlana se yaha nizcita ho jAtA hai ki jaina dharma kI samasta sAdhanA jo AcArapradhAna aura jJAnapradhAna hai, vaha saba tapomaya hI hai| tapa kA kSetra itanA vyApaka hai ki svAdhyAya, sevA, bhakti, anazana, prAyazcitta, kAyakleza, indriyadamana, dhyAna, vinaya Adi dharma kI samasta kriyAe~ usake antargata AtI haiN| tapa karane kA adhikAra kise? jaina darzana kI mAnyatAnusAra mAnava mAtra ananta zakti kA puMja hai| pratyeka AtmA meM paramAtmA banane kA sAmarthya vidyamAna hai| antara itanA bhara hai ki kinhIM kI zaktiyA~ abhivyakta ho cukI haiM tathA kinhIM kI zaktiyA~ anabhivyakta haiN| jisa AtmA kI mUla zaktiyA~ nyUnAdhika rUpa se bhI jAgRta ho jAtI haiM vaha sva lakSya ko zIghra pA letI haiN| isI dRSTikoNa ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue jainAcAryoM ne tapasAdhanA hetu yogya adhikArI kA nirdeza kiyA hai| nAma mAtra kA tapa kara lenA muzkila nahIM hai| tAmalI tApasa Adi kaIyoM ne hajAroM varSoM kI tapazcaryAe~ kI, kintu samyak tapa karanA durbhara hai| yogyatA prApta sAdhaka tapoyoga kI ArAdhanA samajha pUrvaka karatA hai| AcArya vardhamAnasUri ne nimnokta lakSaNayukta jIvoM ko tapa-sAdhanA kA adhikArI mAnA hai| ___ AcAradinakara ke anusAra jo zAnta ho, alpa nidrAlu ho, alpAhArI ho, kAmanA rahita ho, kaSAya varjita ho, dhairyavAna ho, anindaka ho, gurujanoM kI zuzruSA meM tatpara ho, karma kSaya kA arthI ho, rAga evaM dveSa kA viccheda ho, dayAlu ho, vinIta ho, ihalaukika-pAralaukika sukha kAmanA se mukta ho, kSamAvAna ho, nirogI ho aura utkaNThArahita ho - aise jIva tapa karane ke yogya hote haiN| ina guNoM se yukta jIva kI tapazcaryA mokSaphaladAyI evaM zAzvata sukhapradAyI hotI hai|36 upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne kahA hai ki mUlaguNa evaM uttaraguNa ke dhAraka zreSTha muni bAhya aura antaraMga tapa kA AcaraNa karate haiN| isakA hArda yaha hai ki

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tapa kA svarUpa evaM paribhASAe~... 9 nizcayataH cAritraniSTha muni hI tapa ke adhikArI hote haiN| pUrvokta lakSaNa vyavahAra apekSA se batalAye gaye haiN| muni kA zAstrIya nAma 'zramaNa' hai| TIkAkAroM ne zramaNa kA vyutpattijanya artha karate hue use eka jagaha tapasvI hI kahA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki tapa ke mukhya adhikArI muni hote haiN| 37 tapasvI kauna ? anazana, UnodarI, AtApanA Adi karane vAlA tapasvI hotA hai, yaha kathana sarvatra siddha nahIM hotA / tapasvI dvArA tapa sAdhanA kisa dhyeya se kI jA rahI hai, yaha bindu mahattvapUrNa hai / yadi tapazcaryA ke pratiphala ke rUpa meM sAMsArika yA bhautika sukha kI icchAe~ maujUda haiM to vaha tapa, tapasvI pada ko lajjita aura tapa kI akSuNNa paramparA ko dhUmila karatA hai / isa taraha ke manobhAva se kI gayI tapa-sAdhanAe~ tapasvI ke lie kalyANakArI nahIM hotI, pratyuta durgati kI ora unmukha karatI haiN| upAdhyAya yazovijayajI mahArAja ne isa sambandha meM mantavya prastuta karate hue kahA hai ki lokapravAha kA anusaraNa karate hue tapasyA karane vAlA sAdhaka ajJAnavRtti ko sUcita karatA hai tathA usakI vaha tapasyA sukhazIlatA kA pratIka hai jabaki jJAnI puruSa laukika jagata ke viruddha pravAha meM anugamana karate hue utkRSTa tapa Acarate haiM aura ve hI tapasvI kI saMjJA se abhihita hote haiM | 38 jJAnIjana tapazcaryA karate hue mana meM cintana karate haiM ki "tIrthaMGkara paramAtmA svayaM bhI dIkSA grahaNa kara tapa karate haiM, alabattA unheM bhalIbhA~ti yaha jJAta hotA hai ki ve kevalajJAna ke adhikArI baneMge, phira bhI ghora tapazcaryA kA Alambana svIkAra karate haiM / taba he jIva ! tumheM to tapa karanA hI cAhie / " isa prakAra pUrva puruSoM ke mArga ko AtmopakArI mAnate hue usakA AcaraNa karate haiM, ataH aise sAdhaka hI sacce tapasvI kI koTi meM gine jA sakate haiN| jisa taraha dhanArthI ke lie sardI-garmI Adi kaSTa dussaha nahIM hote ThIka usI taraha saMsAra virakta, karma nirjarA ke cAhaka sAdhaka ko bhI tapa dussaha nahIM lgtaa| Atmavizuddhi ke lakSya se tapa karane vAlI AtmAe~ hI 'tapasvI' kahI jAtI haiN| 39 upAdhyAya yazovijaya jI kahate haiM ki tapasvI ko jJAna dRSTi se yukta honA cAhie kyoMki jJAnadRSTivAna tapasvI hI sAdhya kA sAmIpya pA sakate haiN| jJAna

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10...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka use sAdhya-mokSa sukha kI kalpanA detA hai, jaise-jaise mokSa sannikaTa hotA hai, zAzvata mAdhurya meM bhI uttarottara vRddhi hotI jAtI hai aura ve apUrva Ananda kA anubhava karate haiN| yahI Ananda usakI kaThora tapazcaryA ko jIvana detA hai|40 vastuta: madhuratA ke binA Ananda nahIM hotA aura binA Ananda ke kaThora dharma kriyAe~ dIrghAvadhi taka Tika nahIM sktii| isa taraha jJAnayukta tapazcaryA tapasvI ko akSuNNa sukha kA upabhoktA banAtI hai| hameM aise tapasvI banane kA Adarza sammukha rakhanA caahie| tapa prArambha hetu zubha dina ___tapa sAdhanA jaisA maMgala anuSThAna zubha samaya meM prArambha karanA caahie| yoM to jaba bhI zubha bhAvanA kA udaya ho, sukRta kiyA jA sakatA hai taduparAnta kinhIM anuSThAnoM ke lie maMgala velA ko Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| AcArya vardhamAnasUri ne isa sambandha meM samyak prakAza DAlA hai| unake abhimatAnusAra - pratiSThA aura dIkSA meM jo kAla tyAjya batAyA gayA hai vahI kAla chahamAsI tapa, varSItapa tathA eka mAsa se adhika samaya vAle tapa ko prArambha karane meM bhI varjita mAnanA caahie| zubha muhUrta meM tapa prArambha kara lene ke pazcAta divasa, pakSa, mAsa yA varSa azubha A jAe, to usameM koI doSa nahIM hai| pravrajyA ke bAda prathama vihAra karane, sAmAnya tapa kA prArambha karane, upadhAna Adi ke samaya nandI racanA karane evaM AlocanA karane meM mRdu, dhruva, cara, kSipra saMjJA vAle nakSatra tathA maMgala aura zanivAra ke sivAya zeSa vAra zubha mAne gaye haiN| tithi kI mukhyatA vAle tapa meM sUryodaya ke samaya jo tithi ho, vaha tithi lenA zreSTha hai, kintu tithi kA kSaya ho, to pUrva divasa meM aura tithi kI vRddhi ho to dUsare vRddhi ke dina usa tithi kA tapa karanA caahie|41 ___ isa prakAra tapasyA kA prArambha karane ke lie uparokta zuddhi kA dhyAna rakhanA caahie| tapa prArambha karane kI pUrva vidhi ___ AcArya vardhamAnasUrikRta AcAradinakara meM kahA gayA hai ki tapasvI ko tapoyoga kI nirvighna samApti ke lie tapa ke prArambha meM kucha sadanuSThAna karane caahie| AcArya vardhamAnasUri ke mantavyAnusAra- 1. tIrthaGkara paramAtmA kI

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tapa kA svarUpa evaM paribhASAe~... 11 aSTaprakArI pUjA karanI cAhie 2. vidhipUrvaka pauSTika karma karanA caahie| usa pauSTika karma meM navagraha, dazadikpAla evaM yakSa-yakSaNiyoM kA naivedya aura uttama phaloM se bRhata pUjana kiyA jAtA hai 3. tapa ke prArambha meM sadguru ko nirdoSa pustaka, vastra, pAtra aura anna kA dAna denA cAhie 4. saMghapUjA karanI cAhie 5. kSetra devatA aura nagara devatA kI pUjA karanI cAhie | 42 tapa vahana sambandhI Avazyaka niyama AcAradinakara ke anusAra tapasyA ke daramyAna nimnokta sAmAcArI kA khyAla rakhanA cAhie 1. tapa karate vakta bIca meM yadi parva tithi kA tapa AtA ho, to pravarttamAna bRhad tapa ko na karake usa parva tithi ke tapa ko avazya karanA cAhie aura phira pUrva se ArAdhita usa bar3e tapa ko bhI karanA cAhie, kyoMki satpuruSa kA niyama durlaghya hotA hai| 2. eka tapasyA ke madhya koI dUsarA tapa bhI karaNIya ho, to aisI sthiti meM jo tapa bar3A ho vaha karanA cAhie tathA zeSa rahA huA laghu tapa usake bAda karanA caahie| isakA spaSTArtha yaha hai ki kisI tapa ko ekAsana se prArambha kiyA ho aura usameM kisI dUsare tapa kA upavAsa A jAe, to usa samaya upavAsa karanA cAhie tathA ekAsana bAda meM karanA caahie| 3. anAbhoga Adi (acAnaka yA vismRtivaza ) kAraNoM se yadi tapa bIca meM khaNDita ho jAye to usakI usI tapa se AlocanA kara lenI cAhie aura bAda meM vaha AlocanA sambandhI tapa karanA cAhie / 4. anukrama vAle tapa meM prAya: karake tithiyoM ke krama ko nahIM ginanA cAhie arthAta viziSTa tithi ke dina khAnA par3e aura sAmAnya tithi ke dina upavAsa Adi karanA par3e to use usI prakAra se karanA caahie| 5. gRhasthoM ko pratyeka tapa kA udyApana tapa-vidhi meM batAye gaye niyamAnusAra karanA caahie| sAdhuoM ne tapasyA kI ho to usakA udyApana zrAvaka se karavAnA cAhie athavA aisA saMbhava na ho to mAnasika udyApana karanA caahie| 43 6. paMcamI, aSTamI, caturdazI Adi tithiyoM kI vRddhi hone para usa tithi viSayaka ArAdhanA ke lie pahalI tithi grAhya mAnI gaI hai / taduparAnta svagaccha

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12...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka meM jaisI pravRtti ho vaisA karanA adhika ucita hai kyoMki paramparAgata samAcArI kA zraddhApUrvaka pAlana karane se citta susthira evaM asaMdigdha rahatA hai aura usI meM ArAdhanA kI saphalatA hai| ____7. kucha paramparAoM meM malamAsa, adhika mAsa, caitra-Asoja kI navapada olI- ina dinoM meM bIzasthAnaka Adi kucha viziSTa tapoM kI ArAdhanA kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai usameM kisI taraha kA vivAda yA tarka nahIM karate hue svaparamparA kA anusaraNa karanA adhika lAbhadAyI hai| isa niSedha kA mUlabhUta kAraNa Aja bhI aspaSTa hai| ____8.kharatara paramparA meM caturdazI kA kSaya hone para jo caudasa tapa kara rahA ho usake lie upavAsa to usI dina, kintu pAkSika pratikramaNa amAvasyA yA pUnama ke dina karane kI sAmAcArI hai| parantu kaI loga apanI suvidhA ke anusAra kSaya tithi ke dina bhI pAkSika pratikramaNa kara lete haiM jo anucita hai| zAstroM meM gItArtha AcaraNA (AcArya yA yogya muni dvArA pravartita paramparA) anulaMghanIya kahI gayI hai| pratyAkhyAna pArane kI vidhi upavAsa vagairaha meM pAnI pInA ho, ekAsanA vagairaha meM bhojana karanA ho athavA kisI tapa kA pAraNA karanA ho, to usake pUrva nimna vidhi karanI caahie| AcArya jinaprabhasUri (14vIM zatI) ne isa vidhi kA ullekha kiyA hai| zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka paramparAoM kI vartamAna sAmAcArI meM prAya: yaha vidhi isa prakAra pracalita hai IryApatha pratikramaNa- AhAra-pAnI grahaNa karane se pahale sthApanAcAryajI ke samakSa eka khamAsamaNa dekara iriyAvahiyaM0, tassauttarI0, annattha sUtra bolakara eka logassasUtra athavA cAra namaskAramantra kA smaraNa (kAyotsarga) kre| phira kAyotsarga pUrNakara prakaTa meM logassasUtra khe| pratyAkhyAna pAraNa vidhi- phira eka khamAsamaNa dekara "icchAkAreNa saMdisaha bhagavan ! pratyAkhyAna pArane kI mu~hapatti paDilehu~?" aisA Adeza lekara 'icchaM' zabda pUrvaka mukhavastrikA kA pratilekhana kre| phira eka khamAsamaNa dekara bole- "icchAkAreNa saMdisaha bhagavan! paccakkhANa pArUM?" guru kahe- "ythaashkti"| guru na ho to svayaM hI

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tapa kA svarUpa evaM paribhASAe~...13 "yathAzakti" khe| puna: eka khamAsamaNa dekara bole - "icchAkAreNa saMdisaha bhagavan! paccakkhANa pAremi?" phira guru ke antarbhAvoM ko dhAraNa karatA huA 'tahatti' zabda khe| tatpazcAta sukhAsana meM baiThakara banda muTThI pUrvaka eka navakAra mantra gine| phira pahale dina jo pratyAkhyAna dhAraNa kiyA gayA thA, usa pratyAkhyAna kA nAma lekara nimna pATha bole| "paccakkhANaM phAsiyaM, pAliyaM, sohiyaM, tIriyaM, kiTTiyaM ArAhiyaM jaM ca na ArAhiyaM tassa micchAmi dukkddN|" usake bAda eka navakAra mantra gine| caityavandana evaM svAdhyAya- tadanantara eka khamAsamaNa dekara "icchAkAreNa saMdisaha bhagavana! caityavandana karU~? icchaM kahakara jayausAmiya0 (tapAgaccha paramparAnusAra jaga cintAmaNi0) jaMkiMci0, NamutthuNaM0, jAvaMti ceiAiM0, jAvaMtakevisAhU0, uvassaggaharaM0, jayavIyarAya0 taka sUtrapATha kheN| pazcAta guru bhagavanta ho to unake mukhAravinda se dazavaikAlikasUtra kA prathama adhyayana 'dhammomaMgalamukkiTuM' kI pA~ca gAthA kA svAdhyAya suneM, anyathA svAdhyAya rUpa meM tIna navakAramantra kA smaraNa kreN| tapAgaccha paramparA meM svAdhyAyArtha 'bharata bAhubalI' kA pATha bolate- sunate haiN| usake bAda bhojana-pAnI jo bhI grahaNa karanA ho, kreN| yadi ekAsanA yA AyaMbila Adi kA pratyAkhyAna pUrNa kiyA ho to ekAsana Adi karane ke pazcAta usI Asana meM baiThe hue divasacarima tivihAra kA pratyAkhyAna grahaNa kare tathA IryApathika pratikramaNa kara pUrvavata caityavandana bhI kreN| yaha antima caityavandana AhAra saMvaraNa ke uddezya se kiyA jAtA hai| prastuta vidhi eka bAra gurumukha se samajha lenI caahie| hara eka tapa meM karane kI sAmAnya vidhi tIrthaGkara puruSoM ne bhinna-bhinna ruci evaM sAmarthya ke anurUpa tapazcaraNa ke aneka prakAra nirUpita kiye haiN| unameM kucha sugama to kucha durgama, kitane hI alpa avadhi vAle to kaI dIrgha avadhi se sambandhita haiN| ina pratyeka tapoM meM adholikhita niyamoM kA yathAzakya paripAlana karanA caahie| 1. ubhaya saMdhyAoM meM (donoM vakta) pratikramaNa karanA caahie|

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14...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka 2. prAya: sarva tapasyAoM meM eka samaya tathA navapada, bIzasthAnaka Adi kucha tapoM meM tIna samaya devavaMdana karanA caahie| 3. arihanta paramAtmA kI pUjA karanI caahie| 4. yadi anukUlatA ho to vItarAga paramAtmA ke tIna bAra darzana karanA caahie| 5. samyak jJAna kI pUjA-bhakti karanA caahie| 6. upavAsa Adi kA pratyAkhyAna vidhipUrvaka grahaNa aura use pratipUrNa karanA caahie| 7. yadi nagara meM guru bhagavanta virAjamAna ho to unake mukha se pratyAkhyAna lenA caahie| 8. pratyeka tapa meM batalAye anusAra 20 mAlA ginanI caahie| 9. pratyeka tapa meM nirdhArita saMkhyA ke anusAra khamAsamaNa aura pradakSiNA denI caahie| 10. pratyeka tapa meM nizcita saMkhyA ke anusAra logassasUtra kA kAyotsarga karanA caahie| 11. tapasyA ke dina vizeSa rUpa se dhyAna-svAdhyAya Adi karanA caahie| 12. ina dinoM brahmacarya kA pAlana evaM bhUmi zayana karanA caahie| 13. sAdhu-sAdhvI kI vaiyAvRtya karanA caahie| 14. tapa pAraNe ke dina meM yathAzakti sAdharmIvAtsalya athavA adhika na bana sake to samAna tapa karane vAle eka, do, cAra Adi zrAvaka yA zrAvikAoM ko yathAzakti bhojana karavAnA caahie| 15. pratyeka tapa meM acitta pAnI hI upayoga meM lenA caahie| 16. pratyeka tapa kI rAtri meM caturvidha AhAra kA tyAga (cauvvihAra kA pratyAkhyAna) karanA caahie| 17. dIrgha avadhi vAle yA kaThina tapa ke anta yA madhya meM usakA mahotsava pUrvaka udyApana karanA caahie| sAmAnya tapoM meM batAye anusAra udyApana karanA caahie| 18. koI bhI tapa sAMsArika kAmanA yA icchApUrti se nahIM karanA caahie| 19. tapasyA zurU karane ke muhUrta, vidhi-vidhAna, tithi-miti Adi ke sambandha meM sAdhu-sAdhvI se samajhakara karanA adhika lAbhadAyaka hai|

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tapa kA svarUpa evaM paribhASAe~...15 20. tapasyA meM kSamAbhAva rahanA atyAvazyaka hai, kyoMki kSamAyukta kiyA gayA tapa hI karma nirjarA kA kAraNa banatA hai| 21. jinAlaya meM batalAI saMkhyA ke akSata se svastika banAkara usa para yathAzakti phala, naivedya aura rupayA car3hAnA caahie| upAdhyAya yazovijayajI mahArAja ne uparyukta niyama-vidhi kA samarthana karate hue likhA hai ki jisa tapa meM brahmacarya kA pAlana ho, jinezvara paramAtmA kI pUjA-bhakti ho, kaSAyoM kA kSaya hotA ho aura anubandha sahita jina AjJA pravartita ho, vaha tapa zuddha mAnA jAtA hai|44 22. anAgAr3ha tapa- jina tapoM ko bIca meM chor3A jA sakatA hai aura yathAzakti samaya kA laMghana karate hue pUrNa kiyA jA sakatA hai, ve anAgAr3ha kahalAte haiN| AgAr3ha tapa-jina tapoM ko lagAtAra zreNIbaddha kiyA jAe aura jinheM madhya meM chor3a nahIM sakate, phira bhI paristhitivaza kadAca adhUrA chor3anA par3e yA bhUlavaza koI tithi chUTa jAye to usa tapa ko puna: se prArambha karanA hotA hai, ve AgAr3ha kahalAte haiN| sarva tapasyA grahaNa (prArambha) karane kI vidhi pracalita paramparAnusAra tapa karane kA icchuka vyakti zubha dina meM pavitra vastra dhAraNa kara guru ke samIpa jaayeN| phira guru mahArAja ko vidhivata vandana kara jJAna pUjA kreN| tadanantara jisa tapa kA nizcaya kiyA ho use guru ke mukhAravinda se nimna prakAra grahaNa kareM * sarvaprathama caukI yA paTTe para svastika, ratnatraya kI tIna DherI evaM siddhazilA ke pratIka rUpa meM ardhacandra bnaayeN| siddhazilA para phala, svastika ke Upara miThAI aura bIca meM nAriyala evaM savA rupayA cddh'aayeN| * usake bAda Asana bichAkara caravalA aura mukhavastrikA ko hAtha meM grahaNa kreN| * phira iriyAvahi0, tassauttarI0, annatthasUtra bolakara eka logassa athavA cAra navakAra mantra kA smaraNa kreN| kAyotsarga pUrNakara prakaTa meM logassasUtra kheN| . phira tapa prArambha karane hetu utkaTAsana mudrA meM nIce baiThakara mukhavastrikA kI pratilekhanA karake dvAdazAvarttavandana kreN| * phira sthApanAcArya jI ke samakSa eka khamAsamaNa (paMcAMga-praNipAta) pUrvaka kaheM- "icchAkAreNa saMdisaha bhagavan ! amuka tava gahaNatyaM ceiyaM vNdaaveh|" phira 'icchaM' kheN|

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16...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka * usake pazcAta caityavandana bolakara eka-eka namaskAra mantra kA cAra bAra kAyotsarga karate hue cAra stutiyA~ kheN| yahA~ sUtra Adi bolane kI jAnakArI guru yA anubhavI vyakti se jJAta karanI caahie| * tatpazcAta caityavandana mudrA meM NamutthuNasUtra boleN| phira khar3e hokara "zAntinAtha svAmI ArAdhanArthaM karemi kAussaggaM' kaha eka logassasUtra kA kAyotsarga kareM, pUrNakara nimna stuti boleM - zrImate zAntinAthAya, namaH zAntividhAyine / trailokyasyAmarAdhIza, mukuTAbhyarcitAM ghraye / / * phira "zAntidevatA ArAdhanArthaM karemi kAussaggaM" pUrvaka anatthasUtra kahakara eka namaskAramantra kA kAyotsarga kreN| pUrNakara nimna stuti boleM zAntiH zAntikaraH zrImAna, zAMtidizatu me guruH / zAntireva sadA teSAM, yeSAM zAntirgRhe gRhe / / * tadanantara "zrutadevatA ArAdhanArthaM karemi kAussaggaM' pUrvaka annatthasUtra kahakara eka namaskAra mantra kA kAyotsarga kreN| pUrNakara nimna stuti boleM - suvarNazAlinI deyAd, dvAdazAMgI jinodbhavA / zrutadevI sadA mahya, mazeSazruta saMpadam / / * tatpazcAta "bhuvanadevatA ArAdhanArthaM karemi kAussaggaM' parvaka annatthasUtra kahakara eka namaskAra mantra kAyotsarga kreN| pUrNakara nimna stuti boleM - jJAnAdiguNa yuktAnAM, svAdhyAya dhyAna saMyama ratAnAm / vidadhAtu bhuvanadevI, zivaM sadA sarva sAdhunAm / / * tatpazcAta "kSetradevatA ArAdhanArthaM karemi kAussaggaM' pUrvaka annatthasUtra kahakara eka namaskAra mantra kA kAyotsarga kreN| pUrNakara nimna stuti boleM - yAsAM kSetra gatAH santi, sAdhavaH zrAvakAdayaH / jinAjJAM sAdhayantastA, rakSantu kSetradevatA / / * usake bAda "zAsanadevatA ArAdhanArthaM karemi kAussaggaM' pUrvaka annatthasUtra kahakara eka namaskAra mantra kA kAyotsarga kreN| pUrNakara nimna stuti boleM -

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tapa kA svarUpa evaM paribhASAe~...17 yA pAtizAsanaM jaine, sadyaH pratyUha naashinii| sAbhipreta samRddhayarthaM, bhUyAcchAsana devatA / / * tadanantara "samasta vaiyAvRtyakara devatA ArAdhanArthaM karemi kAussaggaM" pUrvaka annatthasUtra bolakara eka namaskAra mantra kA smaraNa kreN| pUrNakara nimna stuti boleM - zrI zakrapramukhA yakSAH, jina zAsana saMsthitAH / devAn devyastadanye'pi, saMghaM rakSatva pApataH / / * tatpazcAta caityavandana mudrA meM baiThakara NamutthuNaM0, jAvaMti ceiyAiM0, jAvaMta kevisAhU0, uvassaggaharaM0, jayavIyarAya0 taka sUtra bolakara caityavandana kreN| * phira sthApanAcArya ke sammukha eka khamAsamaNa dekara- "bhagavan ! amuka tava gahaNatyaM karemi kAussaggaM" itanA kahakara eka logassasUtra kA kAyotsarga kreN| * phira eka khamAsamaNa dekara ardhAvanata mudrA meM tIna namaskAra mantra kA smaraNa kreN| * puna: eka khamAsamaNa dekara ardhAvanata mudrA meM sthita hokara boleM"icchakAra bhagavan ! amuka tapa daMDaka uccraavojii|" guru kaheM - 'uccraavemo|' usake bAda jo tapa ucaranA ho usake smaraNa pUrvaka gurumukha se tIna bAra nimnalikhita pATha suneM "ahaNNaM bhaMte! tumhANaM samIve, amukatavaM uvasaMpajjANaM vihraami| taM jahA- davvao, khittao, kAlao, bhaavo| davvaoNaM (amuka tavaM), khittaoNaM ittha vA aNattha vA, kAlaoNaM jAva parimANaM, bhAvaoNaM jAva gaheNaM Na gahijjAmi, chaleNaM Na chalijjAmi jAva sannivAeNaM Na bhavijjAmi, jAva aNNeNa vA keNai rogAyaMkeNa vA prinnaamvsenn| eso me pariNAmo Na pddivjji| tAva me esa tavo rAyAbhiyogeNaM, gaNAbhiyogeNaM, balAbhiyogeNaM, devAbhiyogeNaM, guruniggaheNaM, vittikaMtAreNaM, aNatthaNAbhogeNaM, sahasAgAreNaM, mahattarAgAreNaM, savvasamAhivattiyAgAreNaM vosire|" phira guru AzIrvacana ke rUpa meM kaheM -

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18... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka " hattheNaM suttheNaM attheNaM tadubhaeNaM sammaM dhAraNIyaM ciraM pAlaNIyaM guruguNehiM vuDDAhi nityArapAragAhoha / " * tatpazcAta tapa icchuka eka khamAsamaNa dekara gurumukha se upavAsa, AyaMbila yA ekAsana Adi kA pratyAkhyAna kreN| sarvatapa grahaNa kI yaha vidhi jIta vyavahAra ke anusAra kahI gayI hai / prastuta vidhi kA yaha rUpa zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka paramparA meM hI pracalita hai| digambara Adi anya jaina AmnAyoM meM isa taraha kI vidhi nahIM kI jAtI hai| tapa pArane kI vidhi * upAzraya meM jAkara jJAna pUjA kreN| * phira iriyAvahi pratikramaNa kreN| * phira "amuka tapa pAravA mu~hapatti paDilehuM" kahakara muMhapatti paDilehaNa karake do vAMdaNA deveN| phira "icchA0 saMdi0 bhagavan! amuka tapa pArAvaNatthaM kAussaggaM kraaveh"| guru kaheM " karAvemo " / phira eka khamAsamaNa dekara " icchAkAreNa tumheM amhaM amuka tapa pArAvaNatthaM ceiyaM vaMdAveha, vAsanikkhevaM kareha" aisA kheN| taba guru 'vaMdAvemo karemo' kahate hue ziSya ke mastaka para vAsakSepa ddaaleN| * phira tIna khamAsamaNa dekara bAyA~ ghuTanA U~cA karake "NamutthuNaM se jayavIyarAya" paryanta caityavandana kreN| * phira 'amuka tapa pArAvaNatthaM karemi kAusaggaM' annattha sUtra kahakara eka navakAra kA kAusagga kreN| koI sI bhI stuti kheN| phira baiThakara " NamutthuNaM" kheN| * anta meM nIce hAtha rakhakara icchA. saMdi. bhagavan! amuka tapa karate hue jo bhI koI avinaya AzAtanA huI ho vaha saba mana-vacana-kAyA se micchAmi dukkaDaM aisA boleN| guru kahe - " nitthAra pAragA hoha" phira yathAzakti paccakkhANa kreN| * amuka tapa AloyaNa nimittaM karemi kAusaggaM pUrvaka annattha sUtra kahakara cAra logassa kA kAusagga kreN| pUrNakara prakaTa meM logassa kheN| atithi satkAra kreN| yathAzakti udyApana kreN| bhAratIya saMskRti ke vividha vargoM meM tapa kA vaiziSTya evaM mahattva rahA huA hai| tapa karma nirjarA kA mahattvapUrNa aMga mAnA gayA hai| isI hetu se RSi muniyoM dvArA vibhinna granthoM meM tapa kA svarUpa pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai / isa adhyAya meM tapa ke svarUpa kA vivaraNa karate hue vividha tapa ArAdhanAoM meM pAlane yogya

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tapa kA svarUpa evaM paribhASAe~...19 niyama tathA unake grahaNa Adi kI vidhi bhI batAI gaI hai| tapa ArAdhaka varga isa adhyAya ke mAdhyama se tapa sAdhanA meM paripUrNatA evaM Atma saMtoSa prApta kareM yahI pryaas| sandarbha-sUcI 1. "zrAmyantIti zramaNA: tpsyntiityrthH|" ___ dazavaikAlika hAribhadrIya TIkA, 1/3 2. "zrAmyati tapasA rivadyata iti kRtvA shrmnnH|" sUtrakRtAMga, 1/16/1, vahI zIlAMka TIkA, kha. 3, pR. 268-269 3. dazavaikAlikasUtra, 1/1 4. abhidhAnarAjendrakoza, bhA. 4, pR. 2199 5. (ka) sthAnAMgaTIkA, 5/1, patra 283 (kha) nizIthabhASya, 43 kI cUrNi / 6. Avazyaka malayagiri TIkA, khaNDa 2, adhyayana 1 7. nizIthabhASya, 46 kI cUrNi 8. dazavaikAlika jinadAsacUrNi, pR. 15 9. uttarAdhyayana zAntyAcArya TIkA, patrAMka 556 10. (ka) Avazyaka hAribhadrIya TIkA, pR. 72 (kha) dazavaikAlika hAribhadrIya TIkA, 1-1, pR. 11 11. (ka) sarvArthasiddhi, 6/24 kI TIkA (kha) tattvArthavArtika, 6/24/7 12. (ka) sarvArthasiddhi, 9/6 (kha) tattvArthavArtika, 9/6/17 13. sarvArthasiddhi, 9/22 14. tattvArthavArtika, 9/19/20-21 15. tattvasAra, 6/19 16. cAritrasAra, pR. 22 17. mUlAcAra TIkA, 5/2, 11/5 18. pravacanasAravRtti, jayasenAcArya, 1-79 19. padmanandi paMcaviMzati, 1/98

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20... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka 20. kSatracUr3AmaNi, 1/14 21. triSaSTizalAkApuruSacaritra, 1,1,197 22. paMcAzaka TIkA, abhidhAnarAjendrakoSa, bhA. 4, pR. 2199 23. " tapyante rasAdidhAtavaH karmANi vA aneneti tapaH / " 24. bhagavatI ArAdhanA, zivakoTi, gA. 10 25. dvAdazAnuprekSA, AcArya kundakunda, gA. 77 26. jJAnasAra, upA. yazovijayajI, zlo. 31/1 dharmasaMgraha, adhikAra 3, pR. 321 27. dhavalApustaka, bhA. 13, pR. 54-55 28. tattvArthazlokavArtika, AcArya vidyAnanda, 6/24/9 29. bhagavatI ArAdhanA, vidayodayA TIkA, 46 30. kArtikeyAnuprekSA, svAmIkumAra, gA. 400 31. upAsakAdhyayana, somadevasUri, zlo. 923 32. nItivAkyAmRta, somadevasUri, 1-20 33. AcArasAra, saiddhAntika cakravartI vIranandI, 6-3 34. yogazAstra svopajJa vivaraNa, AcArya hemacandra, 4-90, pR. 312 35. anagAradharmAmRta, paM. AzAdhara, 7/2-3 36. AcAradinakara, bhA. 2, pR. 335 37. jJAnasAra, 31/8 38. vahI, 31/2 39. vahI, 31/3 40. vahI, 31/4 41. AcAradinakara, pR. 335 42. vahI, pR. 335 43. vahI, pR. 335 44. jJAnasAra, 31/6

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adhyAya-2 tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya tapa eka vaivedhyapUrNa evaM vistRta viSaya hai| jaina zAstroM meM tapa kA garimApUrNa sthAna hai| siddhi prApti hetu yaha parama evaM carama upAya hai isI kAraNa tIrthaMkara paramAtmA ne tapa sevana ke vividha mArga batAe haiN| tAki pratyeka varga evaM mAnasthiti ke sAdhaka tapa mArga para agrasara hokara karmamukta avasthA ko prApta kara skeN| bAhya aura Abhyantara tapa bheda ke heta tapArAdhanA kA mukhya dhyeya jIvana zodhana hai| zAstroM meM jahA~-tahA~ tapa kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, vahA~ isI bhAva kI pratidhvani sunAyI detI hai| zAstra pAThoM meM tapa ke viSaya meM yahI kahA gayA hai ki "taveNa parisujjhai, tavasA nijjarijjai, taveNa dhuNai purANa pAvagaM, sohago tavo' ina zabdoM kI dhvani meM yahI saMketa chipA hai ki tapa se AtmA nirmala, pavitra evaM vizuddha ho jAtA hai| yahA~ prazna hotA hai ki jaba kisI bhI tapa vizeSa ke AcaraNa se pApa karma naSTa hokara AtmA zuddha avasthA ko prApta ho jAtI hai taba sabhI prakAra ke tapoM kI koTiyA~ sAmAnya rahanI cAhie, phira bAhya aura Abhyantara aisA bheda kyoM ? isakA sIdhA sA javAba yaha hai ki tapazcaraNa kA jo mUla svarUpa hai usameM koI antara nahIM hai| tapa kisI bhI koTi yA zreNI kA ho, vaha ekAntata: saMcita karmoM kI nirjarA kA hI kAraNa banatA hai| bAhya-Abhyantara tapa sambandhI yaha antara dRSTa-adRSTa, khAdya-akhAdya, sAmAnya-vizeSa tapa sAdhakoM kI apekSA se hai| TIkAkAra zAntyAcArya ne uttarAdhyayanasUtra kA vizleSaNa karate hue isa tathya ke spaSTIkaraNa meM kahA hai ki anazana Adi tapa nimna kAraNoM se bAhya tapa kahalAte haiM - 1. inameM azana, pAna, khAdima, svAdima Adi bAharI dravyoM kA tyAga hotA hai 2. ye mukti ke bahiraMga kAraNa hote haiM 3. anazana Adi tapasyA sarva

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22...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka sAdhAraNa ke dvArA sahaja rUpa se kI jA sakatI hai tathA sAdhAraNa mAnavoM meM svIkRta bhI hai 4. yaha tapa lokavyavahAra meM spaSTa rUpa se dikhatA hai 5. anyatIrthika bhI apane-apane mata ke anusAra inakA pAlana karate haiM 6. inameM zArIrika kaSTa kI anubhUti adhika hotI hai 7. yaha tapa dRSTa hone se ajJAnI jIva bhI isa prakAra ke tapoM meM ruci rakhate haiM aura nAma prasiddhi ke lie inakA AcaraNa karate haiN| prAyazcitta Adi nimna kAraNoM se Abhyantara tapa kahalAte haiM - 1. inameM bAharI dravyoM arthAta AhAra Adi tyAga kI apekSA nahIM hotI 2. ye mukti ke antaraMga kAraNa hote haiM 3. prAyazcitta Adi tapasyA viziSTa vyaktiyoM ke dvArA hI Acarita kI jAtI hai 4. vinaya, prAyazcitta Adi tapa loka prasiddha nahIM hai 5. prAyazcitta Adi tapa adRSTa hone se sarvasAdhAraNa jana isake prati udyamavanta nahIM banate haiM aura 6. inameM zArIrika saMyama ke sAtha-sAtha mana: saMyama kI AvazyakatA bhI sarvAdhika rahatI hai| ukta varNana se spaSTa hotA hai ki katipaya sAmAnya kAraNoM ko lekara hI tapa ke vibhinna prakAroM ko bAhya aura Abhyantara ke rUpa meM vargIkRta kiyA gayA hai| phalita kI dRSTi se sarva tapa samAna haiN| bAhya evaM Abhyantara tapa meM zreSTha kauna ? vItarAga puruSoM ne tapa ke mukhya do bheda kiye haiM - bAhya aura aabhyntr| yahA~ yaha samajhanA Avazyaka hai ki jaina sAdhanA meM bAhya tapa aura Abhyantara tapa kA jo vargIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai vaha sAdhaka ko samajhAne kI dRSTi se hai; kintu donoM hI prakAra ke tapoM kA lakSya Atma vizodhana hI hai| bAhya tapa meM zArIrika kriyA kI pradhAnatA hone ke bAvajUda bhI usameM antarmana milA huA hotA hai, ata: bAhya tapa kA bhI utanA hI mahattva hai jitanA Abhyantara tapa kA hai| donoM eka-dUsare ke pUraka haiN| kucha logoM kI yaha mAnasikatA bana gayI hai ki bAhya tapa sAdhAraNa tapa hai, Abhyantara tapa bar3A tapa hai| bAhya kA mahattva kama hai, Abhyantara kA adhika hai| yaha eka galata dhAraNA hai| zAstroM meM Abhyantara tapa kA jo mahattva hai, vahI bAhya tapa kA bhI mAnA gayA hai| anekAnta siddhAnta se kisI eka tapa kA Agraha karanA sahI nahIM hai, donoM kI samAna ArAdhanA karanA hI vAstava meM samyak ArAdhanA hai|

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...23 punaThallekhya hai ki jo Abhyantara tapa ke sAmane bAhya tapa ko nagaNya mAnate haiM, unheM yaha cintana karanA cAhie ki yadi bAhya tapa anupayogI hotA to bhagavAn RSabhadeva eka varSa taka bhUkhe rahakara zArIrika kaSTa kyoM uThAte ? bhagavAn mahAvIra sAr3he bAraha varSa kI sAdhanA kAla meM adhikatama samaya upavAsa Adi meM vyatIta kyoM karate ? dhannA aNagAra jo caudaha hajAra zramaNoM meM sarvazreSTha tapasvI ghoSita kiye gaye, ve cha8-chaTTha ke pAraNe AyaMbila tapa kyoM Acarate ? Akhira bAhya tapa kI bhI zakti hai, camatkAra hai| anubhavata: bAhya tapa meM sAdhaka ke manobala evaM kaSTa sahiSNutA kI jitanI kasauTI hotI hai utanI Abhyantara tapa meM nahIM hotii| jaise- svarNa ko pahale tapAkara zuddha kiyA jAtA hai, usake bAda hI usa para mAliza karate haiN| isI taraha bAhya tapa dvArA pahale zArIrika aura mAnasika zuddhi kara lI jAtI hai aura phira Abhyantara tapa se sAdhanA meM nikhAra AtA hai| yaha tathya samajhane jaisA hai ki jaba taka mAnasika malinatA dUra nahIM hotI, citta zuddha nahIM hotA taba taka dhyAna, svAdhyAya Adi pravRttiyA~ sArthaka pariNAma kaise de sakatI haiM ? mukti kA antaraMga kAraNa kaise bana sakatI haiM? isI apekSA se bAhya tapa kA krama pahale rakhA gayA hai| bAhya tapa ko sAdhane ke pazcAta hI Abhyantara tapa kI sAdhanA bhalI-bhA~ti kI jA sakatI hai| dUsarI dRSTi se yadi bAhya tapa ke sAtha Abhyantara tapa nahIM ho to vaha tapa kevala daihika kRzatA kA hI AdhAra bana sakegA, viSaya-vAsanA, kaSAyAdi ko kSINa karane meM nimitta nahIM bana sktaa| tapa paribhASA ke anusAra jisake dvArA zarIra aura kaSAya Adi karma donoM kSINa hote haiM, vahI tapa saccA tapa hotA hai| AcArya madhukara muni ke ullekhAnusAra tapa meM bAhya-Abhyantara kA bheda bahuta maulika bheda nahIM hai jaise- kisI eka hI rAjaprAsAda meM eka Abhyantara bhAga hotA hai aura dUsarA bAhya bhaag| Abhyantara bhAga rAjA ke antaraMga jIvana kA kendra hotA hai aura bAhya bhAga rAjya saMcAlana Adi vyavasthA kaa| kintu isameM yaha kahanA ki bAhya bhAga kama mahattva kA hai to yaha ucita nahIM hogaa| rAjya kI dRSTi se donoM kA hI mahattva hai tathA donoM hI apanI-apanI jagaha meM Avazyaka evaM upayogI haiN|

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24... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka jaise eka hI pustaka ke do adhyAya hote haiM, eka hI mahala ke do khaNDa hote haiM, eka sikke ke do pahalU hote haiM, vaise hI tapa ke ye do pahalU haiN| donoM hI eka-dUsare ke pUraka haiN| bAhya tapa ke binA Abhyantara tapa kI sAdhanA atyaMta duSkara prAyaH hai| isI bhA~ti Abhyantara tapa ke abhAva meM kevala bAhya tapa deha daNDamAtra hai| yahA~ yaha bhI ullekhanIya hai ki jaise- bAhya tapa meM mana kA sambandha rahatA hai, vaise Abhyantara tapa meM zarIra kA bhI sambandha jur3A rahatA hai / udAharaNArtha UnodarI bAhya tapa hai phira bhI usameM kaSAyoM kI UnodarI kA sIdhA sambandha antaraMga se hai| pratisaMlInatA bAhya tapa hai; kintu akuzala mana kA nirodha, kuzala mana kI udIraNA aura mana ko ekAgra karanA isakA sambandha bhI dhyAna sAdhanA se jur3atA hai| isI taraha vinaya aura vaiyAvRtya Abhyantara tapa hai; kintu inakI pravRtti kA sIdhA sambandha dRzya jagata se jur3atA hai| vaiyAvRtya kA samparka bhI zarIra jagata se jur3A huA dikhAI detA hai | 3 isa taraha suspaSTa hotA hai ki bAhya evaM Abhyantara bheda tapa kI prakriyA samajhAne ke lie hai na ki eka ko zreSTha sAbita kara dUsare ke mUlya ko ghaTAne ke lie| sAra rUpa meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki bAhya evaM Abhyantara donoM tapa samAna rUpa se AcaraNIya evaM prazaMsanIya hai| tapa kA vargIkaraNa tapa Atmazodhana kI mahattvapUrNa prakriyA hai, Atma-sAdhanA kI akhaNDa ikAI hai, kintu phira bhI usake prayoga ke bhinna-bhinna rUpa evaM pRthak pRthak vidhiyA~ hone ke kAraNa tapazcaraNa ke kaI bheda - prabheda kiye gaye haiM / mUlataH Agama-sAhitya meM tapa ko do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai (zArIrika) aura 2. Abhyantara tapa (mAnasika) 14 1. bAhya tapa 1 jisa tapa meM zArIrika kriyA kI pramukhatA hotI hai aura jo bAhya dravyoM kI apekSAyukta hone se dUsaroM ko dRSTigocara hotA hai use bAhya tapa kahate haiN| jisa tapa meM mAnasika kriyA kI pradhAnatA hotI hai aura jo bAhya dravyoM kI apekSA na rakhane ke kAraNa dUsaroM ko dikhAI nahIM detA, use Abhyantara tapa kahate haiN| zAstroM meM tapa ke mukhya do bheda karake pratyeka ke chaha-chaha upabheda batAye gaye haiM aura unake antarbheda aneka haiN| antarbhedoM kA adhyayana karane se spaSTa

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...25 hotA hai ki bAhya tapa sirpha kAyika kaSTa mAtra hI nahIM hai, usakA sambandha Abhyantara tapa se bhI jur3A huA hai| bAhya tapa ke chaha bheda nimna haiM: 1. anazana 2. UnodarI 3. bhikSAcarI 4. rasa parityAga 5. kAyakleza aura 6. sNliintaa| Abhyantara tapa ke chaha bheda ye haiM 1. prAyazcitta 2. vinaya 3. vaiyAvRtya 4. svAdhyAya 5. dhyAna aura 6. vyutsrg| bAhya tapa ke bheda-prabhedoM kA svarUpa evaM usake lAbha 1. anazana tapa ___ anazana kA sIdhA artha hai - cAroM prakAra ke AhAra kA tyAga krnaa| azana arthAta bhojana, anazana arthAta bhojana kA tyaag| sabhI tapoM meM anazana kA prathama sthAna hai| isakA pramukha kAraNa hai ki isa tapa meM anAdikAlIna AhAra saMjJA para vijaya prApta karane kA prabala puruSArtha kiyA jAtA hai| AhAra saMjJA se vijita huI cetanA zIghrameva anAhAraka pada (mokSapada) kA varaNa kara letI hai| caturgati meM paribhramaNa kara rahI sabhI AtmAoM ko sabase adhika AhAra saMjJA hI parezAna karatI hai| Aja mAnava mukhyata: udarapUrti ke lie bhAga-daur3a kara rahA hai| AhAra pratyeka sAMsArika cetanA kI prAthamika AvazyakatA hai| isa tapa ke mAdhyama se kSudhA vedanIya karma ko tor3ane evaM anAhAraka svabhAva ko pragaTa karane kA udyama kiyA jAtA hai| prakAra- yaha tapa do prakAra kA kahA gayA hai - 1. itvarika aura 2. yaavtkthik| nizcita samaya kI avadhi ke lie kiyA haA AhAra tyAga itvarika anazana tapa kahalAtA hai| yaha eka dina athavA do ghar3I ke AhAra tyAga se lekara chaha mAsa taka ke upavAsa kA hotA hai tathA yAvajjIvana ke lie kiyA huA AhAra tyAga yAvatkathika anazana tapa kahalAtA hai| isameM samaya kI maryAdA nahIM rahatI hai| (i) itvarika anazana tapa- uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM itvarika anazana tapa chaha prakAra kA batalAyA gayA hai| unake nAma ye haiM - 1. zreNI tapa 2. pratara tapa 3. ghana tapa 4. varga tapa 5. varga-varga tapa 6. prakIrNa tp|

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26...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka ina tapa vidhiyoM kA varNana adhyAya-4 meM kiyA jaaegaa| vizeSa itanA hai ki AgamoM meM jitane prakAra ke tapa batAye gaye haiM ve saba itvarika tapa ke antargata Ate haiN| isa taraha itvarika tapa meM aneka prakAra kI tapasyAoM kA antarbhAva hotA hai| yahA~ itvarika tapa kI pUrvokta paribhASA ke anusAra do prazna upasthita hote haiN| pahalA yaha hai ki mUla Agama meM itvarika tapa kI gaNanA 'cauttha bhatte' caturtha bhakta arthAta eka ahorAtri ke upavAsa se prArambha kI gayI hai| phira caturtha bhakta se kama samaya ke upavAsa ko anazana tapa nahIM mAnanA cAhie, kintu AcArya AtmArAmajI mahArAja ne apanI AtmajJAna prakAzikA hindI TIkA meM do ghar3I ke AhAra-tyAga ko bhI anazana tapa mAnA hai| yaha mAnyatA unakI paramparA meM pracalita ho sakatI hai, kyoMki prakIrNa tapa ke bheda meM navakArasI, pauruSI Adi ko bhI tapa mAnA hai| sambhavata: usI AdhAra para yahA~ do ghar3I ke AhAra tyAga ko anazana meM ginA gayA hai| dhyAtavya hai ki mUla Agama meM jahA~ anazana tapa kA varNana hai, vahA~ kama se kama caturtha bhakta ko hI anazana tapa mAnA hai| isase kama avadhi kA AhAra tyAga UnodarI Adi tapa kI gaNanA meM liyA gayA hai| dUsarA prazna yaha ubharatA hai ki itvarika tapa utkRSTa chaha mAsa kA hI kyoM mAnA gayA? kyA chaha mAsa se adhika kAla kA itvarika tapa nahIM ho sakatA hai ? jabaki itihAsa aura AgamakAra kahate haiM ki prathama tIrthaGkara bhagavAna RSabhadeva ne eka varSa kA kaThora tapa kiyA thA aura unake zAsana meM bhI eka varSa kA utkRSTa tapa mAnA gayA hai| madhya ke bAIsa tIrthaGkaroM ke zAsana meM utkRSTa tapa ATha mAsa kA kahA gayA hai, taba yaha tapa kisa tapa kI gaNanA meM mAnA jAyegA? ___ isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki itvarika tapa kA yaha varNana bhagavAna mahAvIra ke zAsanakAla kI apekSA se kiyA gayA hai| carama tIrthaGkara ke zAsanakAla meM itvarika tapa utkRSTa chaha mAsa kA hI hotA hai| isa kAla maryAdA ke pIche mukhya kAraNa usa yuga kI zArIrika sthiti hai yAnI usa yuga meM sAdhaka adhikatama chaha mAsa taka kA hI upavAsa vrata kara sakatA hai| isase adhika zArIrika bala kArya nahIM karatA hai| kucha varSoM pahale kI bAta hai| eka santa pravara ne chaha mAsa se bhI adhika dinoM kA upavAsa vrata kiyA thA, kintu ve acitta jala kA sevana karate hue isa

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...27 dIrgha tapa ko prAyogika rUpa se kara pAye jabaki yahA~ utkRSTa chaha mAsa tapa kA tAtparya nirjala tapa se hai| prabhu mahAvIra ne caturvidha AhAra ke tyAgapUrvaka chaha mAha kA upavAsa kiyA thaa| isa avasarpiNI kAlakhaNDa ke pAMcaveM Are meM usase bar3hakara koI tapa kara hI nahIM sakatA, anyathA zAzvata niyamoM evaM tIrthaGkara zakti kA laMghana ho jaayegaa| ___(ii) yAvatkathika anazana tapa- anazana kA dUsarA bheda yAvatkAlika hai| yaha yAvatkAlika anazana apane nAma ke anusAra jIvana paryanta ke lie svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai| isakA pracalita nAma saMthArA hai| saMthArA bhI do taraha se grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| AgAra sahita aura AgAra rhit| zAstrIya bhASA meM inheM bhavacarima sAgAra pratyAkhyAna aura bhavacarima nirAgAra pratyAkhyAna kahate haiN| zAstroM meM yAvatkathika anazana tapa kI vistRta carcA prApta hotI hai| yahA~ sAmAnya rUpa se itanA hI kahA jAtA hai ki Agama niyamAnusAra saMthArA karane vAlA sAdhaka anazana karane se pUrva vividha prakAra kI tapasAdhanA karake zarIra evaM karma donoM ko kSINa karatA hai aura vahI saMlekhanA kahalAtA hai| saMlekhanA meM anazana tapa pUrvaka zarIra ke sAtha-sAtha kaSAya Adi azubha pravRttiyoM ko bhI zithila kara diyA jAtA hai| saMlekhanA saMthAre kI pUrva bhUmikA hai| jaina AgamoM meM yAvatkAlika anazana mukhya rUpa se do prakAra kA batalAyA gayA hai - 1. pAdopagamana anazana aura 2. bhakta pratyAkhyAna anshn| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM bhinna apekSA se nimna do bheda batAye haiM- 1. savicAra aura 2. avicaar|10 jisa anazana tapa meM zarIra kI ceSTAe~ jaise- hilanA, calanA, bhramaNa karanA kAyika vyApAra pravartita rahate haiM, vaha savicAra anazana hai aura jisameM zarIra kI samasta kriyAe~ baMdha hokara deha bilkula sthira-nizceSTa ho jAtA hai vaha avicAra anazana hai| AcArAMgasUtra meM yAvatkathika anazana ke tIna prakAra batalAye gaye haiM- 1. bhaktaparijJA 2. iMginImaraNa aura 3. paadopgmn|11 lAbha- karma nirjarA kI dRSTi se anazana kA atyadhika mahattva hai| bhagavatIsUtra ke anusAra jJAtavya hai ki eka sAdhaka ne bhagavAna mahAvIra se prazna kiyA ki eka upavAsa karane se kitane karma naSTa hote haiM ? bhagavAna ne samAdhAna dete hue kahA - zramaNa eka upavAsa ke dvArA utane karma khapA letA hai jitane karma nArakI jIva hajAroM varSoM taka apAra kaSTa sahana karake bhI nahIM khapA sktaa| isa

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28...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka tathyamUlaka viSaya ko adhika spaSTa karate hue prabhu ne Age kahA - zramaNa do dina kA upavAsa (belA tapa) karake utane karma naSTa karatA hai jitane karma nairayika jIva lAkhoM varSoM meM bhI nahIM kara sktaa| punaH kahA - eka zramaNa tIna dina kA upavAsa (telA tapa) karake utane karma naSTa kara detA hai jitane karma nairayika jIva karor3oM varSoM meM bhI kSINa nahIM kara paate| isa prasaMga se siddha hotA hai ki tapa se vipula karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai|12 anazana tapa se viSaya-vikAra, kaSAya evaM kalaSita vRttiyA~ manda par3atI haiN| brahmacarya ke paripAlana se vIrya zakti meM vRddhi hotI hai| svAdhyAya-dhyAna Adi zubha pravRttiyoM meM juTe rahane se tInoM yoga kI azubha ceSTAe~ avaruddha ho jAtI haiN| isa bhA~ti anazana se kaI lAbha hote haiN| __ullekhya hai ki sAdhAraNa mAnava isa anazana ko svIkAra nahIM kara sakate, unake lie yaha azakya kArya hai, kintu asAdhAraNa puruSa ise svecchApUrvaka aMgIkAra karate haiN| 2. UnodarI tapa bAhya tapa kA dUsarA bheda UnodarI hai|13 UnodarI kA zabdArtha hai Una- kama, udara- peTa arthAta udara meM jitanA samAye usase kama khAnA athavA bhUkha se kama bhojana karanA UnodarI tapa kahalAtA hai| sthAnAMga Adi AgamoM meM isakA nAma "avamodarikA' hai|14 avam kA artha hai - kucha kama yA khAlI, udara kA artha hai peTa arthAta bhojana karate samaya peTa ko kucha khAlI rakhanA avamodarikA kahalAtA hai| uttarAdhyayana Adi zAstroM meM ise 'avamaudarya' kahA gayA hai|15 isa prakAra Agama meM UnodarI ke tIna nAma milate haiM; kintu tInoM zabdoM kA bhAvArtha eka hI hai ki bhUkha se kama khaanaa| yahA~ eka acchA prazna yaha upasthita hotA hai ki pUrNatayA AhAra kA parityAga karanA to tapa kahalAtA hI hai, kintu bhUkha se kama khAnA kaise tapa ho sakatA hai? isakA samAdhAna hai ki eka bAra bhojana kA sarvathA tyAga kara denA sahaja hai, kyoMki usameM khAne kA vikalpa hI samApta ho jAtA hai; kintu bhojana kA mAnasa banane ke bAda evaM bhojana hetu thAlI ke sAmane baiThane ke bAda ruci se kama khAnA, khAte-khAte rasanA indriya para saMyama rakhanA aura svAdiSTa bhojana kI lAlasA ko chor3a denA upavAsa karane se bahuta duSkara hai|

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...29 UnodarI ke mahattva ko na samajhane vAle yA AhArasaMjJA ko nahIM chor3a sakane vAle prAya: vyakti yaha bhI kahate haiM ki upavAsa karanA sarala hai, kintu bhojana karate hue peTa ko khAlI rakhanA bahuta kaThina hai| isa tapa ke lie AtmasaMyama, dRr3ha manobala evaM saMkalpazakti honA Avazyaka hai| isalie smaraNa meM rakhanA cAhie ki nirAhAra rahane kI apekSA AhAra karate hue peTa ko khAlI rakhanA adhika saMyama aura zUravIratA kA kArya hai| prakAra- sAmAnyatayA UnodarI tapa meM icchA se nyUna, parimita AhAra to kiyA hI jAtA hai, kintu AhAra ke sAtha hI kaSAya aura upakaraNa Adi kI bhI UnodarI kI jAtI hai| vastuta: UnodarI tapa aindrika saMyama, AvazyakatAoM ko nyUna evaM icchAoM kA nirodha karane ke uddezya se kiyA jAtA hai| isIlie sthAnAMgasUtra meM UnodarI tapa ke tIna bheda kiye haiM - 1. upakaraNa avamodarikA 2. bhakta pAna avamodarikA aura 3. bhAva (kaSAya tyAga) avmodrikaa|16 bhagavatIsUtra meM UnodarI ke nimna do bheda kiye gaye haiM- 1. dravya UnodarI aura 2. bhAva uunodrii|17 uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM UnodarI ke nimna pAMca prakAra batalAye haiM1. dravya UnodarI 2. kSetra UnodarI 3. kAla UnodarI 4. bhAva UnodarI 5. paryAya uunodrii|18 UnodarI tapa ke bheda-prabhedoM kA sAmAnya svarUpa isa prakAra hai - ___1. dravya UnodarI- uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke anusAra jisakA jitanA AhAra hai usase jaghanyataH eka siktha (dhAnyakaNa) aura utkRSTata: eka kavala kama khAnA, dravya UnodarI tapa hai|19 dravya UnodarI dvividha kahI gayI hai-20 (i) upakaraNa dravya UnodarI aura (ii) bhaktapAna dravya uunodrii| (i) upakaraNa dravya UnodarI - upakAra karane vAlI vastu upakaraNa kahalAtI hai| jina vastuoM ke dvArA zarIra kI rakSA ho, lajjA kA nivAraNa ho, jo bhUkha-pyAsa Adi miTAne meM sahayogI ho unheM upakaraNa kahA gayA hai| isa dRSTi se vastra-pAtra Adi vastuoM kI upakaraNa saMjJA hotI hai| AgamoM meM ina upakaraNoM ko rakhane kI jo maryAdA kahI gayI hai usase kama upakaraNa rakhanA, upakaraNa dravya UnodarI hai|

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30... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka yahA~ upakaraNa ke viSaya meM kucha adhika spaSTatA Avazyaka hai| vaha yaha hai ki zramaNa ko tIna kAraNoM se hI vastra rakhanA kalpatA hai| sthAnAMgasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki muni lajjA ke lie, lokApavAda se bacane ke lie evaM parISaha se AtmarakSA ke lie vastra dhAraNa kreN| 21 isake sivAya mamattva yA parigraha vRtti se vastra kA saMgraha nahIM karanA caahie| saMyama yAtrA meM upayogI vastra - pAtra Adi parigraha nahIM kahalAte haiM, kyoMki jaise sAdhanA ke lie zarIra Avazyaka hai, zarIra rakSA ke lie bhojana Avazyaka hai vaise hI vastra - pAtra bhI Avazyaka hai| niyamata: samartha sAdhu eka vastra aura adhika se adhika tIna vastra ( cAdara ) rakha sakatA hai| isI bhA~ti eka pAtra se lekara tIna pAtra taka rakha sakatA hai| sAdhviyoM ke lie adhikatama cAra vastra aura tIna pAtra rakhane kI maryAdA hai | 22 vastra - pAtra kaise ho, kisa prakAra ke vastrAdi grahaNa kara sakate haiM, inheM kisa vidhi se grahaNa karanA cAhie? isa viSayaka vistRta carcA AcArAMgasUtra meM upalabdha hotI hai| yahA~ hamArA tAttparya itanA hI hai ki jitane vastra - pAtra kI maryAdA hai, usa maryAdA se kama vastra - pAtra rakhanA upakaraNa dravya UnodarI tapa hai| upakaraNa UnodarI muni aura gRhastha donoM ke lie Avazyaka hai| Aja ke phaizanebala yuga meM sundara va AkarSaka DijAyanoM ke prati moha bar3hatA jA rahA hai, vastra saMgraha kI pravRtti bahuta adhika bar3ha gayI hai| isase phijUlakharcI kA bhI mApataula nahIM raha gayA haiM / usameM UnodarI tapa rAmabANa davA kA kArya karatA hai| isa tapa ke mAdhyama se anAvazyaka parigraha kA saMkocana kara samAja suvyavasthA sthApita kI jA sakatI hai| (ii) bhaktapAna dravya UnodarI - khAne-pIne yogya jitane bhI padArtha haiM, unakI saMkhyA evaM parimANa nizcita karanA, bhaktapAna dravya UnodarI tapa kahalAtA hai| jisa prakAra sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke lie eka se tIna yA cAra vastra tathA tIna pAtra kI maryAdA hai aura gRhastha sAdhakoM ke lie aparigraha parimANa vrata kI maryAdA hai, usI prakAra AhAra ke viSaya meM bhI niyama saMhitA hai / sAdhAraNataH puruSoM ke lie battIsa grAsa ( kavala) aura striyoM ke lie aTThAIsa grAsa kA vidhAna hai| isI taraha napuMsakoM ke lie caubIsa kavala pramANa AhAra mAnA gayA

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tapa ke bheda - prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya... 31 hai|23 jitanA grAsa mukha meM sukhapUrvaka A sake utanA eka kavala kahalAtA hai| bhagavatIsUtra ke AdhAra para jisa vyakti kI jitanI khurAka hai usakA battIsavA~ bhAga hI usa vyakti ke lie eka kavala mAnA jAtA hai| 24 jisake lie jitane kavala kA AhAra batAyA gayA hai usase nyUna bhojana karanA bhaktapAna UnodarI hai| apane mukha pramANa grAsa ke AdhAra para isake pA~ca prakAra hai 25apane AhAra kA cauthAI arthAta ATha kavala parimANa 1. alpAhAra bhojana karanA, alpAhAra UnodarI tapa hai| 2. apArddha - nau se bAraha kavala pramANa bhojana karanA, apArddha UnodarI tapa hai| 3. dvibhAga teraha se solaha kavala pramANa bhojana karanA, dvibhAga UnodarI tapa hai| 4. pramANopeta - satraha se caubIsa kavala pramANa bhojana karanA, pramANopeta ( pAdona) UnodarI tapa hai| 5. kiJcita UnodarI - paccIsa se ikatIsa kavala pramANa bhojana karanA, kiJcita UnodarI tapa hai| 2. kSetra UnodarI - uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke ullekhAnusAra gA~va, nagara, rAjadhAnI, nigama, pallI, droNamukha, pattana, vihAra, senA zivira, galiyA~, ghara Adi meM athavA isa prakAra ke anya kSetra meM nirdhArita rUpa se bhikSATana karanA, kSetra UnodarI tapa hai | 26 - isa UnodarI tapa meM kSetra kA saMkoca karane se AhAra kA saMkoca hotA hai isase mana- icchita AhAra prApta nahIM ho sakatA / ataH AhAra prAptyArtha kSetra kI maryAdA karanA bhI UnodarI tapa kahalAtA hai| 3. kAla UnodarI - uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke nirdezAnusAra dina ke cAra praharoM meM isa prakAra kA abhigraha karanA ki maiM amuka prahara meM bhikSArtha jAUMgA, usa samaya bhikSAnna mila gayA to bhojana kara lUMgA anyathA upavAsa kruuNgaa| isameM pratyeka pauruSI kA bhI alaga-alaga bhAga karake abhigraha kiyA jA sakatA hai| jaise - tRtIya pauruSI meM kucha samaya zeSa rahegA taba bhikSA ke lie jAU~gA athavA usake caturtha bhAga yA paJcama bhAga meM bhikSATana karUMgA, isa prakAra kI pratijJA karake AhAra kI kamI karanA, kAla UnodarI tapa hai| 27

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32... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka 4. bhAva UnodarI- bhAva UnodarI kA artha hai antaraMga azubha vRttiyoM ko kama krnaa| bhAva UnodarI do prakAra se kI jAtI hai| pahalI dAtA ke bhAvoM kI apekSA se aura dUsarI svayaM ke bhAvoM kI apekSA se / (i) dAtA ke bhAvoM kI apekSA bhikSAcaryA karane vAlA muni yaha abhigraha kare ki Aja mujhe amuka strI yA puruSa alaMkAra se yukta ho yA rahita, bAlaka ho yA vRddha, viziSTa vastroM se bhUSita ho, haMsatA huA yA rotA huA ho, amuka varNa kA ho, kopa yA prasanna mudrA meM ho - ityAdi sthitiyoM meM bhikSA degA to hI grahaNa karU~gA, anyathA upavAsa kruuNgaa| isa prakAra kA saMkalpa karanA dAtA kI apekSA se bhAva UnodarI tapa hai | 28 (ii) svayaM ke bhAvoM kI apekSA - viSaya - kaSAyoM ko kSINa karanA, dUsarI bhAva UnodarI hai| - eka ziSya ne prabhu se prazna kiyA ki bhAva UnodarI kyA hai aura vaha kitane prakAra kI hai ? bhagavAna ne javAba diyA- vaha chaha prakAra kI hai| "appakohe, appamANe, appamAe, appalohe, appasadde, appajhaMjhe se taM bhAvo moyariyA / " krodha ko alpa karanA, mAna ko alpa karanA, mAyA ko alpa karanA, lobha ko alpa karanA, zabdoM kA prayoga kama karanA, kalaha kama karanA yaha bhAva UnodarI hai| 29 dazavaikAlika agastyacUrNi ke anusAra krodha Adi cAra kaSAyoM ke udaya kA nirodha aura udaya prApta kA viphalIkaraNa karanA, bhAva UnodarI hai | 30 5. paryava UnodarI - pUrvokta dravya, kSetra Adi cAroM abhigrahoM ke sAtha bhikSA grahaNa karanA, paryava UnodarI tapa hai | 31 lAbha - UnodarI tapa kA paripAlana karane se nimna lAbha hote haiM - AhAra zarIra kI prAthamika AvazyakatA hai| jaba se zarIra kI racanA prArambha hotI hai (mAtA ke garbha meM) taba prathama samaya meM hI prANI AhAra grahaNa karatA hai aura prANAnta taka AhAra letA rahatA hai to zarIra ke lie bhojana jarUrI hai, kintu vaha mAtrA aura niyama se viruddha ho to amRta kI jagaha jahara kA kAma kara detA hai / manusmRti meM kahA gayA hai ki adhika bhojana karane se svAsthya bigar3atA hai, AyuSya kama hotI hai aura akAla meM mRtyu ho jAye to paraloka bhI bigar3a jAtA

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...33 hai|32 sthAnAMgasUtra meM rogotpatti ke nau kAraNoM meM do kAraNa bhojana sambandhI hai - "accAsaNAe, ahiyAsaNAe' atiAhAra aura ahitakArI AhAra se svastha manuSya bhI sahasA rogI ho jAtA hai 33 jabaki hita, mita evaM alpa bhojana karane se vaidya cikitsA kI AvazyakatA nahIM rhtii| vidaranIti meM parimita bhojana ke chaha guNa batAte hue likhA hai ki- jo vyakti alpa bhojana karatA hai usakA Arogya, AyuSya, bala aura sukha bar3hatA hai, usakI santAna sundara hotI hai tathA loga usake lie peTU Adi bure zabdoM kA prayoga nahIM krte| alpa bhojana se svAsthya sundara rahatA hai, pramAda nahIM bar3hatA, svAdhyAya-dhyAna Adi Ananda pUrvaka hote haiN|34 UnodarI tapa meM sAdhaka peTa ko pUrA nahIM bharatA, kucha rikta rakhatA hai| isase pAcana saMsthAna vikRta nahIM hotaa| Ayurveda kI dRSTi se udara kA AdhA bhAga bhojana ke lie, eka cauthAI bhAga pAnI ke lie aura zeSa havA ke lie surakSita rahanA caahie| isa krama ko khaNDita karane vAlA vyakti svastha nahIM raha sktaa| kabhI-kabhAra svAdiSTa evaM manonukUla bhojana milane para adhika mAtrA meM bhI AhAra kara liyA jAtA hai| usa sthiti meM pAnI aura havA kA sthAna bhI AhAra grahaNa kara letA hai jisase atyadhika becainI kA anubhava hotA hai aura zvAsa lene meM bhI kaThinAI hotI hai| adhika AhAra se Alasya, pramAda aura bhArIpana mahasUsa hotA hai| ajIrNa jaise bhayaMkara roga ho jAte haiN| mu~ha meM se durgandha AtI hai, peTa meM 'aphArA' atisAra Adi anya aneka bImAriyA~ utpanna ho jAtI haiM jabaki kama khAne vAlA hamezA prasanna rahatA hai| ___AcArya zivakoTi ne mUlArAdhanA meM UnodarI ke suphala kI carcA karate hue likhA hai ki UnodarI tapa se karmoM kI nirjarA aura Atmazuddhi to hotI hI hai| isase nidrA vijaya, svAdhyAya ruci, AtmasaMyama, indriyajaya aura samAdhi bhI prApta hotI hai|35 bhAva UnodarI ke pariNAmasvarUpa kaSAya mandatA se zAnti meM abhivRddhi hotI hai| alpa bhASaNa se vAk siddhi prApta hotI hai aura sarvajana priya banatA hai| kalaha na karane se Atmika prasannatA aura samAdhi milatI hai| kalpasUtra meM yahA~ taka kahA gayA hai ki jo uvasamai tassa asthi aaraahnnaa| jo na uvasamai tassa Natthi aaraahnnaa||

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34...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka jo kalaha ko zAnta karatA hai vahI dharma kA ArAdhaka ho sakatA hai tathA jo kalaha ko zAnta nahIM karatA vaha dharma kI ArAdhanA bhI nahIM kara sakatA hai|36 suspaSTa hai ki UnodarI tapa kI ArAdhanA se zArIrika, mAnasika, dhArmika evaM AdhyAtmika sabhI taraha ke supariNAma hAsila hote haiN| UnodarI tapa ke viSaya meM yaha tathya bhI smaraNIya hai ki upavAsa meM sAmarthya, svAsthya nirogatA, zArIrika bala, manoyoga Adi kI apekSA rahatI hai kintu UnodarI tapa to durbala, rUgNa aura azakta vyakti bhI kara sakatA hai| pratyeka umra ke sAdhaka ise apanA sakate haiN| isalie UnodarI tapa kaThina hai to sarvasulabha bhI hai| 3. bhikSAcaryA tapa __SaDvidha bAhya tapoM meM tIsarA bheda bhikSAcaryA hai| bhikSA kA sIdhA artha hai - yAcanA krnaa| bhikSAcArI kA artha hai - vividha prakAra ke abhigraha/niyama vizeSa dhAraNa karake AhAra kI gaveSaNA karanA tathA bhikSA viSayaka vibhinna vidhi-niyamoM kA pAlana karate hue bhikSAnna para jIvana yApana karanA, bhikSAcaryA tapa kahalAtA hai| tattvArthasUtra meM ise vRttiparisaMkhyAna kahA gayA hai|37 bhikSA ke sambandha meM pUrva nizcaya kara tadanukUla AhAra hI grahaNa karanA vRttiparisaMkhyAna kahalAtA hai| zramaNa jaba abhigraha pUrvaka bhikSATana karatA hai taba sabhI saMkalpa phalIbhUta na hone se AhAra meM kamI hotI hai isIlie ise vRttisaMkSepa kahA hai| ise abhigraha tapa kI saMjJA bhI dI gayI hai| _Agama-sAhitya meM bhikSAcarI ko gocarI,38 mAdhukarI39 aura vRttisaMkSepa kahA gayA hai| jisa prakAra gAya acchI-burI ghAsa kA bheda kiye binA eka ora se dUsarI tarapha caratI huI calI jAtI hai, vaha kisI taraha ke zabda, rasa Adi meM Asakta na hokara sirpha udarapUrti hetu sAmudAyika rUpa se ghAsa caratI hai aura vaha bhI vana kI hariyAlI ko naSTa kiye binA, use jar3a se binA ukhAr3e sirpha Upara se thor3A-thor3A khAtI hai, usI prakAra jaina muni sarasa aura nIrasa AhAra kA vicAra kiye binA, AhAra Adi meM Asakta hue binA, amIra-nirdhana gharoM kA bheda kiye binA sirpha saMyama yAtrA nirvAha ke lie sAmudAyika bhikSA arthAta sabhI gharoM se thor3I-thor3I bhikSA grahaNa karatA hai, isalie muni kI bhikSAcaryA ko 'gocarI' kahA gayA hai|40

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tapa ke bheda - prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya... 35 yahA~ yaha bAta spaSTatayA samajha lenI cAhie ki muni bhale hI udara pUrti hetu U~ca-nIca yA madhyama kuloM meM bhikSATana karatA hai, kintu zuddha-azuddha AhAra ke sambandha meM pUrNa viveka rakhatA hai| jaina muni kI bhikSAcarI ko mAdhukarIvRtti kahane kA mukhya kAraNa yaha hai ki jaise bhramara eka phUla se dUsare para, dUsare se tIsare para isa taraha kaI phUloM para ghUmatA huA thor3A-thor3A rasa pItA hai aura isa vRtti se vaha svayaM santuSTa to ho hI jAtA hai tathA phUloM ko bhI koI hAni nahIM pahuMcAtA, vaise hI jaina zramaNa gRhastha ke ghara meM unake apane lie bane hue bhojana Adi meM se thor3A-thor3A grahaNa kara apanA jIvana nirvAha bhI kara letA hai aura gRhastha ko kaSTa bhI nahIM hotA, ataH zramaNa kI bhikSAcaryA ko mAdhukarI vRtti kahA gayA hai| 41 yaha mAdhukarI vRtti bauddha paramparA meM aura vaidika paramparA meM bhI Adarza mAnI gayI hai| 42 - muni kI bhikSAcaryA ko vRttisaMkSepa kahane kA dhyeya yaha hai ki use mana icchita AhAra prApta nahIM ho sktaa| kabhI garma AhAra kI AvazyakatA hone para ThaNDA mila jAtA hai to kabhI rasapradhAna AhAra kI jarUrata hone para rukSa- nIrasa AhAra kI prApti ho jAtI hai| isa sthiti meM jaisA mila gayA usI meM santuSTa rahatA hai, apanI vRttiyoM kA saMkoca karatA hai| isalie bhikSAcaryA ko 'vRttisaMkSepa' kI saMjJA dI gayI hai| yahA~ eka prAsaMgika prazna yaha uThatA hai ki bhikhArI bhI mAMgakara udara pUrti karatA hai aura muni bhI yAcanA dvArA jIvana nirvAha karatA hai, bhikhArI aura muni donoM ko bhikSuka zabda se sambodhita karate haiM tathA donoM ke lie 'bhikSA' zabda kA vyavahAra hotA hai phira ina donoM meM kyA antara hai ? yadi zramaNAcAra viSayaka granthoM kA adhyayana kareM to jJAta hotA hai ki donoM kI bhikSA lene kI vidhi aura prakriyA meM bahuta bar3A antara hai / bhikhArI kI koI AcAra saMhitA nahIM hotI / use jo kucha bhI mila jAtA hai cAhe sacitta ho yA acitta padArtha, cAhe nazIle dravya hoM yA paisA Adi saba kucha le letA hai / use jo bhI vastu prApta hotI hai vaha saMgraha karake rakhanA cAhatA hai; kintu zramaNa saMgraha nahIM krtaa| bhikhArI dIna vRtti se yAcanA karatA hai, kintu zramaNa adIna bhAva se bhikSA letA hai| bhikhArI dAnapradAtA ke guNoM kI prazaMsA karatA hai, kintu zramaNa kisI bhikSA dAtA kI guNagAthA nahIM gaataa| yadi bhikhArI ko bhikSA na mile to vaha dAna na dene vAle ko

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36...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka gAlI aura zrApa bhI de detA hai, jabaki zramaNa na kisI ko zApa detA hai aura na hI kisI ko apazabda hI kahatA hai, hRdaya meM durbhAva bhI nahIM laataa| dAtA jaisA bhI zuddha AhAra baharAye use amugdha bhAvoM se grahaNa karatA hai| bhikhArI diye gaye bhojana ko tatkSaNa grahaNa kara letA hai, kintu zramaNa dekhatA hai ki jo deya vastu hai vaha sadoSa to nahIM hai? auddezika to nahIM hai? isa prakAra bhikhArI aviveka pUrvaka bhikSA letA hai aura kintu zramaNa kI bhikSA vivekayukta hotI hai|43 AcArya haribhadrasUrijI ne pAtra aura uddezya kI apekSA se bhikSA ke tIna prakAra batAye haiM - 1. dInavRtti 2. pauruSaghnI aura 3. srvsmptkrii|44 anAtha, apaMga, Apadgrasta daridra vyaktiyoM ke dvArA yAcanA karake prApta kI jAne vAlI bhikSA dInavRtti bhikSA kahalAtI hai| sAmarthyavAn, baliSTha, zramahIna, ArAmajIvI logoM ke dvArA yAcita kara prApta kI jAne vAlI bhikSA, pauruSaghnI bhikSA kahalAtI hai| tyAgI, santoSI, vrataniSTha muniyoM ke dvArA udara gRhastha ke svayaM ke lie banA huA nirdoSa AhAra sammAnapUrvaka grahaNa karanA, sarvasampatkarI bhikSA kahalAtI hai| ukta tInoM meM bhikhArI kI bhikSA dInavRtti aura pauruSaghnI hotI hai aura jaina zramaNa kI bhikSA sarvasampatkarI hotI hai| sarvasampatkarI bhikSA se dAtA va gRhItA donoM kA uddhAra hotA hai| ____ dhyAtavya hai ki bhikSAcarI meM kaI bAra sarvathA AhAra na milane se anazana bhI ho jAtA hai, kaI bAra paryApta AhAra na milane para UnodarI ho jAtI hai, kitanI bAra sarasa AhAra kI prApti na hone se rasa parityAga ho jAtA hai ataeva bhikSAcarI ko tapa meM mAnA gayA hai| prazna ho sakatA hai ki jaba anazana Adi tapa pRthak se hai taba bhikSAcarI ko anazana Adi kI saMbhAvanA se pRthak tapa kyoM mAnA gayA? uttara yaha hai ki anazana tapa karane vAlA usa tapa ko anazana Adi kI bhAvanA se karatA hai, jabaki bhikSAcarI meM AhAra kI aprApti Adi hone para bhikSA nirdoSatA kI rakSA ke lie anazana karatA hai| ataeva bhikSAcArI ko pRthak tapa kI koTi meM rakhA gayA hai| bhikSATana ke prakAra- uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM bhikSAcaryA tapa ke aneka prakAra batalAye gaye haiN|45 sAmAnyatayA bhikSATana kisa prakAra karanA cAhie ? bhikSA kisa vidhipUrvaka grahaNa karanI cAhie? bhikSA ke abhigraha kaunase haiM? ina viSayoM para

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...37 prakAza DAlA gayA hai| inakA yathAvidhi paripAlana karane se bhikSAcarI tapa kA anupAlana hotA hai| uttarAdhyayana ke anusAra yaha vivaraNa nimna prakAra hai46 jaina muni nimna aSTavidha vikalpoM meM se kisI eka kA nirNaya kara bhikSA hetu prasthAna karatA hai| isase bhikSAcaryA tapa kA pAlana hotA hai| 1. peTA - peTI (sandUka) kI taraha gA~va ke gharoM ke cAra bhAga banAkara caukora gati se (bIca ke gharoM ko chor3a cAroM dizAoM meM sthita gharoM meM) ghUmate hue bhikSA milegI to lUMgA anyathA nahIM, isa saMkalpa se bhikSA prApta karanA peTA hai| 2. arddhapeTA - arddhapeTA (AdhI sandUka) kI bhA~ti dvikoNa (do dizAoM ke gharoM) meM ghUmate hue bhikSA prApta hogI to lUlUMgA anyathA nahIM, isa saMkalpa se bhikSATana karanA arddhapeTA hai| 3. go-mUtrikA - gomUtra kI dhArA ke samAna Ter3hI-mer3hI gati se arthAta dAyeM gharoM se bAyeM aura bAyeM se dAyeM gharoM meM jAte hue bhikSA milegI to lUMgA anyathA nahIM, isa saMkalpa se bhikSA grahaNa karanA go-mUtrikA hai| 4. pataMgavIthikA - jaise pataMgA aniyata krama se ur3atA hai vaise aniyata krama se ghUmate hue bhikSA milegI to lUMgA anyathA nahIM, isa saMkalpa se AhAra prApta karanA pataMgavIthikA hai| 5. zambUkAvA - zaMkha ke AvartoM kI taraha gola ghUmate hae bhikSA milegI to hI lUMgA anyathA nahIM, isa saMkalpa se AhAra prApta karanA zambUkAvarta kahalAtA hai| yaha bhikSAcaryA do taraha se kI jAtI hai - zaMkha ke nAbhi-kSetra se prArambha kara bAhara Ane vAle Avarta kI bhA~ti gA~va ke bhItarI bhAga se bhikSATana karate hue bAharI bhAga meM AnA Abhyantara zambUkAvarta kahA jAtA hai tathA bAhara se bhItara jAne vAle zaMkha Avarta kI bhA~ti gA~va ke bAharI bhAga se bhikSATana karate hue bhItarI bhAga meM AnA bAhya zambUkAvarta kahA jAtA hai| 6. AyatagatvA- pratyAgatA - eka tarapha ke gharoM se bhikSA grahaNa karate hue galI ke antima chora taka jAkara lauTate hue dUsarI paMkti ke gharoM se bhikSA grahaNa karU~gA, isa saMkalpa se bhikSAcarI karanA Ayata gatvA-pratyAgatA kahalAtA hai| 7. Rjugati - sarala gati se bhramaNa karate hue bhikSA grahaNa karU~gA, isa vicArapUrvaka bhikSATana karanA Rjugati hai|

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38...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka ___8. vakragati - Ter3hI gati se gamana karate hue bhikSA milegI to hI lUMgA, isa saMkalpa se bhikSAcaryA karanA vakragati hai| bhikSA vidhi ke prakAra jaina muni nirdoSa evaM gRhastha ke svayaM ke lie banAyA gayA AhAra hI grahaNa karatA hai| isa prakAra ke AhAra kI khoja karanA zAstrIya bhASA meM eSaNA kahalAtA hai| AgamoM meM eSaNA tIna taraha kI kahI gayI hai, unameM piNDaiSaNA (AhAra eSaNA) ke sAta bheda kahe gaye haiN| ina antargata bhedoM kA pAlana karane se bhikSAcaryA tapa kA AcaraNa hotA hai| ve sapta bheda isa prakAra haiM7 1. saMsRSTa - khAdya vastuoM se lipta hAtha yA pAtra se dI gayI bhikSA lenA saMsRSTa piNDaiSaNA kahalAtI hai| 2. asaMsRSTa - jisa koTi kA bhojana diyA jA rahA hai usase binA sane hue hAtha yA pAtra se dI gayI bhikSA lenA, asaMsRSTa hai| 3. uddhRtA - gRhastha ke apane prayojana ke lie rAMdhane ke pAtra se dUsare pAtra meM nikAlA gayA AhAra lenA, uddhRtA kahalAtA hai| 4. alpalepA - alpalepa vAlI rUkhI vastu jaise- canA, civar3A Adi lenA alpalepA piNDaiSaNA kahalAtI hai| 5. avagRhItA - gRhastha ke svayaM ke khAne ke lie thAlI meM parosA huA AhAra lenA, pA~cavIM piNDaiSaNA hai| 6. pragRhItA - pArivArika sadasyoM ko parosane ke lie kar3achI yA cammaca se nikAlA huA AhAra lenA, piNDaiSaNA kA chaThA prakAra hai| 7. ujjhitadharmA - jo bhojana mana ke anukUla na hone ke kAraNa parityAga karane yogya ho, use lenA sAtavIM piNDaiSaNA hai| . bhikSA abhigraha ke prakAra- bhikSAcaryA tapa kA utkRSTa AcaraNa karane ke uddezya se zramaNa abhigraha (viziSTa niyama) pUrvaka bhikSA svIkAra karatA hai| vaha abhigraha nimnokta cAra prakAra kA kahA gayA hai|8_ __ 1. dravya abhigraha - muni bhikSA ke lie prasthAna karane se pUrva vicAra kare ki Aja ur3ada ke bAkule, cane Adi amuka dravya milegA to hI grahaNa karUMgA anyathA upavAsa karUMgA, yaha dravya abhigraha kahalAtA hai|

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...39 2. kSetra abhigraha - muni bhikSATana karane se pUrva yaha saMkalpa kare ki Aja amuka kSetra meM AhAra milegA to luuNgaa| jaise- dAtA kA eka paira dehalI ke bhItara aura eka paira dehalI ke bAhara hogA to bhikSA lUMgA, yaha kSetra abhigraha kahalAtA hai| ___3. kAla abhigraha - muni bhikSAgamana se pahale yaha nirNaya kareM ki Aja dina ke amuka prahara meM, amuka ghaNTA meM AhAra milegA to lUMgA anyathA nhiiN| jaise- bhagavAna mahAvIra ne tIsare prahara kA abhigraha kiyA thA, yaha kAla abhigraha kahA jAtA hai| 4. bhAva abhigraha - muni bhikSA prApta karane se pUrva yaha saMkalpa kare ki amuka jAti, amuka liMga, amuka veza, amuka bhAva ke sAtha amuka vyakti bhikSA degA to hI luuNgaa| jaise dAtA haMsatA huA, rotA huA yA baddha avasthA meM degA to hI lUMgA anyathA nahIM, yaha bhAva abhigraha kahalAtA hai| aupapAtikasUtra meM bhAva abhigraha 26 prakAra kA batalAyA gayA hai jo saMkSepa meM nimnokta hai49___1. utkSipta caryA - gRhastha dvArA apane prayojana hetu bhojana pakAne ke bartana se nikAlA gayA AhAra lene kI pratijJA (abhigraha) krnaa| 2. nikSipta caryA - bhojana pakAne ke bartana se nahIM nikAlA huA AhAra grahaNa karane kI pratijJA krnaa| ' 3. ukSipta-nikSipta caryA - bhojana pakAne ke bartana se nikAla kara usI jagaha yA dUsarI jagaha rakhA huA AhAra athavA apane prayojana se nikAlA huA yA nahIM nikAlA huA- donoM prakAra kA AhAra grahaNa karane kI pratijJA svIkAra krnaa| 4. nikSipta-ukSipta caryA - bhojana pakAne ke bartana meM se nikAlakara anyatra rakhA huA, phira usI meM se uThAyA huA AhAra grahaNa karane kI pratijJA svIkAra krnaa| 5. vartiSyamANa caryA - khAne hetu parose hue bhojana meM se bhikSA grahaNa karane kI pratijJA lie rhnaa| 6. saMhRyamANa caryA - jo bhojana ThaNDA karane ke lie pAtra Adi meM

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40...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka phailAyA gayA ho, phira sameTa kara pAtra Adi meM DAlA jA rahA ho, aise (bhojana) meM se AhAra lene kI pratijJA krnaa| 7. upanIta caryA - kisI ke dvArA kisI ke lie upahAra rUpa meM bhejI gayI bhojana sAmagrI meM se bhikSA grahaNa karane kI pratijJA lenaa| 8. apanIta caryA - kisI ko dI jAne vAlI bhojana sAmagrI meM se nikAlakara anyatra rakhI huI bhikSA grahaNa karane kI pratijJA krnaa| 9. upanItApanIta caryA - sthAnAntarita kI huI bhojanopahAra sAmagrI meM se AhAra lene kI pratijJA svIkAra karanA athavA dAtA dvArA pahale kisI apekSA se guNa tathA bAda meM kisI apekSA se avaguNa-kathana ke sAtha dI jAne vAlI bhikSA svIkAra karane kI pratijJA lenaa| 10. apanItopanIta caryA - kisI ke lie upahAra rUpa meM bhejane hetu pRthak rakhI huI bhojana-sAmagrI meM se bhikSA lene kI pratijJA svIkAra karanA athavA dAtA dvArA pahale kisI apekSA se avaguNa tathA bAda meM kisI apekSA se guNa kathana ke sAtha dI jAne vAlI bhikSA svIkAra karane kI pratijJA lenaa| 11. saMsRSTa caryA - lipta hAtha Adi se dI jAne vAlI bhikSA lene kI pratijJA rkhnaa| 12. asaMsRSTa caryA - alipta yA svaccha hAtha Adi se dI jAne vAlI bhikSA lene kI pratijJA krnaa| 13. tajjAtasaMsRSTa caryA - diye jAne vAle padArtha se lipta hAtha Adi dvArA diyA jAtA AhAra svIkAra karane kI pratijJA krnaa| 14. ajJAta caryA - svayaM ko ajJAta-aparicita rakhakara niravadya bhikSA grahaNa karane kI pratijJA krnaa| 15. mauna caryA - svayaM mauna vrata meM rahate hue bhikSA lene kI pratijJA krnaa| 16. dRSTa lAbha - dikhAI detA yA dekhA huA AhAra lene kI pratijJA karanA athavA pUrva kAla meM dekhe hue dAtA ke hAtha se bhikSA grahaNa karane kI pratijJA svIkAra krnaa| 17. adRSTa lAbha - pahale nahIM dekhA huA AhAra athavA pUrvakAla meM nahIM dekhe hue dAtA dvArA diyA jAtA AhAra grahaNa karane kI pratijJA lenaa|

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...41 18. pRSTa lAbha - bhikSo ! Apako kyA deM, aise pUchakara diyA jAne vAlA AhAra grahaNa karane kI pratijJA lenaa| 19. apRSTa lAbha - kucha bhI pUche binA diyA jAne vAlA AhAra grahaNa karane kI pratijJA svIkAra krnaa| 20. bhikSA lAbha - bhikSA ke sadRza- bhikSA mAMgakara lAye hue jaisA tuccha AhAra grahaNa karane kI pratijJA karanA athavA dAtA jo bhikSA meM mAMgakara lAyA ho usa bhojana meM se AhAra lene kI pratijJA svIkAra krnaa| 21. abhikSA lAbha - bhikSA lAbha se viparIta AhAra lene kI pratijJA krnaa| 22. anna glAyaka - bAsI AhAra lene kI pratijJA rkhnaa| ___23. upanihita - bhojana karate hue gRhastha ke nikaTa rakhe hue AhAra meM se bhikSA lene kI pratijJA krnaa| 24. parimita piNDapAtika - parimita yA alpa AhAra lene kI pratijJA krnaa| ___25. zuddhaiSaNika - zaMkA Adi doSa se varjita athavA vyaJjana Adi se rahita zuddha AhAra grahaNa karane kI pratijJA svIkAra krnaa| 26. saMkhyAdattika - pAtra meM AhAra-kSepaNa kI sAMkhyika maryAdA ke anurUpa bhikSA lene kI pratijJA karanA athavA kar3achI, kaTorI Adi dvArA pAtra meM DAlI jAtI bhikSA kI avicchinna dhArA kI maryAdA ke anusAra bhikSA grahaNa karane kI pratijJA lenaa| uparyukta varNana ke AdhAra para yahA~ prazna hotA hai ki bhikSAcarI tapa to mukhyata: sAdhu ko lakSya karake hI batAyA gayA hai phira gRhastha isa tapa kI ArAdhanA kaise kara sakatA hai? isakA saTIka javAba yaha hai ki vivecya abhigrahoM meM kucha abhigraha aise haiM jinheM sAdhu kI taraha gRhastha bhI kara sakatA hai| sAdhu gRhastha ke ghara bhikSA ke lie jAtA hai jabaki gRhastha apane ghara meM baiThA huA bhI inakI sAdhanA kara sakatA hai| jaise- saMkhyAdattika nAma kA abhigraha hai usameM saMkalpa kare ki "thAlI meM eka bAra jitanA parosa diyA jAyegA utanA hI bhojana kruuNgaa"| isI taraha apRSTalAbhika abhigraha - isameM vicAra kare ki "jo vastu mujhe binA pUche parosa deMge yA pUchakara paroseMge vahI khaauuNgaa"| isakA abhiprAya

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42...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka yahI hai ki sAdhu ho yA gRhastha- yadi mana meM tapa kI bhAvanA ho aura AhAra saMjJA para vijaya pAnA cAhe to bhikSAcArI tapa kA sevana kiyA jA sakatA hai| __lAbha - bhikSAcaryA muni jIvana kA alaukika tapa hai| uparyukta gocarI, eSaNA evaM abhigraha ke bhedoM dvArA isakA samyaka paripAlana kiyA jAtA hai| nirdoSa bhikSA prApta karane vAlA mani baha nirjarA kA bhAgI hotA hai aura aise bhikSuka ko AhAra Adi kA dAna karane se bhI mahAna puNya kA sarjana hotA hai| bhagavatIsUtra meM zuddha dAna kA mahattva batAte hue kahA gayA hai ki AtmA tIna kAraNoM se dIrghAyuSya prApta karatA hai:___1. ahiMsA kI sAdhanA se 2. satya bhASaNa se 3. zramaNa ko zuddha-nirdoSa AhAra-pAnI dene se| isa tapa ke phalasvarUpa rasavRtti kA nirodha hotA hai, bhojana kA saMkoca hotA hai, manonigraha kA abhyAsa bar3hatA hai, duHsaha sthitiyoM meM rahane kI Adata banatI hai, samatva dharma kA AsvAda prApta hotA hai| isa taraha bhikSAcarI tapa kI mahAna phalazrutiyA~ haiN| __yahA~ bhikSAcaryA tapa kA sAmAnya varNana hI prastuta kiyA gayA hai yadyapi muni kI bhikSA ke sambandha meM jaina sUtroM meM sthAna-sthAna para vistRta varNana upalabdha hai| AcArAMga (2/1), praznavyAkaraNa (saMvaradvAra 1/15), bhagavatIsUtra (7/1), uttarAdhyayana (26), dazavaikAlika (5) tathA nizItha Adi sUtroM meM bhikSAcarI ke vidhi-niSedhoM kA bar3A hI sUkSma varNana prApta hotA hai| AcArAMgasUtra ke dUsare zrutaskandha kA prathama adhyayana aura dazavaikAlika kA pA~cavAM adhyayana to vizeSa rUpa se bhikSA-vidhi kA hI nirUpaNa karate haiN| isa kAraNa inakA nAma bhI 'piNDaSaNA adhyayana prasiddha ho gayA hai| 4. rasa parityAga tapa ___ yaha bAhya tapa kA cauthA prakAra hai| rasa kA artha hotA hai- prIti bar3hAne vaalaa| jisake kAraNa bhojana meM, vastu meM mamattva utpanna hotA ho use rasa kahate haiN| yahA~ rasa parityAga kA mukhya artha hai - svAdiSTa bhojana dUdha, dahI, ghI, miSThAnna Adi rasaprada vastuoM kA parityAga krnaa| sAmAnyatayA jo AhAra ke prati lolupatA ko paidA karatA hai, Asakti bhAvoM ko abhivRddha karatA hai aise khAdya padArthoM kA AMzika yA sarvathA tyAga karanA rasa parityAga tapa hai|

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...43 bhojana ke chaha rasa mAne gaye haiM - 1. kar3avA 2. mIThA 3. khaTTA 4. tIkhA 5. kasailA 6. nmkiin| ina rasoM ke saMyoga se bhojana madhura, svAdiSTa aura jIbha ko acchA lagane vAlA banatA hai| bhojana sarasa ho to vyakti bhUkha se adhika bhI khA letA hai| ina SaDrasoM ke atirikta kucha rasa aise bhI haiM jo bhojana ko svAdiSTa banAne ke sAtha-sAtha gariSTha va pauSTika bhI banA dete haiN| zAstroM meM ina rasoM ko 'vikRti' (vigaya) kahA gayA hai| prAcIna granthoM meM vigaya ke do rUpa batalAye gaye haiM - (1) bhakSya vigaya aura (2) abhakSya vigy| __ bhakSya vikRti cha: prakAra kI hotI hai - dUdha, dahI, ghI, tela, gur3a va kar3AhI meM talI huI vstueN| abhakSya vigaya cAra haiN| inheM mahAvigaya bhI kahA jAtA hai - madya, mAMsa, madhu aura mkkhn| ye sarvathA varNya haiN| ___ yahA~ yaha mukhya rUpa se smaraNIya hai ki vigaya padArtha svabhAvata: vikAra utpanna karate haiM, kintu bhakSya vigaya ke sambandha meM yaha bhI hai ki vaha zarIra ko baliSTha evaM kaSTa sahiSNu banAye rakhane ke lie bhI sAmAnya jIvana meM upayogI hotI hai| vastuta: ghI, dahI, makkhana Adi svayaM prAkRtika rasa nahIM haiM kintu vikRtijanya hI haiN| jaise gAya ke rasa Adi kI vikRti dUdha hai, dahI dUdha kI vikRti hai, ghRta dahI kI vikRti hai ata: bhakSya vigaya vikRti rUpa hI hai| yadi vikRtikAraka padArthoM kA ati sevana kiyA jAye to sAdhaka saMyama se cyuta hokara vigati (durgati) ko prApta kara letA hai|51 ____ uparyukta varNana se prazna uThatA hai ki jainAcAryoM ne rasavarddhaka bhojana kA sarvathA niSedha kiyA hai athavA amuka sthitiyoM meM ? isakA javAba hai ki zarIra ke lie pauSTika (rasajanya) AhAra ko sarvathA varNya nahIM mAnA gayA hai, kyoMki atyanta rUkhA va nIrasa AhAra deha ko nirbala evaM rugNa banA detA hai| jaise dIpaka ko tela evaM battI kI jarUrata hotI hai vaise hI zarIra ko zaktivardhaka AhAra kI apekSA rahatI hai| kahA gayA hai ki puSTa khurAka binA nahIM banatA teja dimAga / tela aura battI binA kaise jale cirAga ? __ bhagavatIsUtra kahatA hai ki satata rUkhA-sUkhA nIrasa AhAra karane se jamAlI jaisA hRSTa-puSTa sAdhaka bhI rugNa ho gyaa| ata: zAstroM meM vigaya kA sarvathA niSedha

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44... ... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka nahIM hai apitu dIrgha tapazcaryA, mAnasika asvasthatA, daihika kSINatA, zaktihInatA, zAstra sarjana, zAsana prabhAvanA Adi kAryoM meM yathAvazyaka inakA sevana kiyA jAye to koI doSa nahIM hai kintu pratidina vigaya kA sevana aura pramANa se adhika pauSTika AhAra nahIM karanA cAhie / uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM nitya evaM maryAdA rahita vigaya sevI zramaNa ko pApI zramaNa kI upamA dI gayI hai| 52 sAtha hI zramaNa kI sAdhanA uttarottara bar3hatI rahe, isa bhAva se yaha nirdeza bhI diyA gayA hai ki vaha zarIra ko khurAka dene ke uddezya se hI vigaya sevana kare usameM svAdavRtti kiJcid mAtra bhI na rkhe| svAda lolupatA se nimna hAniyA~ hotI haiM 53_ 1. svAda ke vazIbhUta huA sAdhaka bhojana meM Asakta ho jAtA hai 2. vaha svAdhyAya kAla meM bhI svAdiSTa aura sarasa bhojana kI khoja meM tanmaya rahatA hai 3. gRhIta niyamoM evaM sAmAcAriyoM ko tAka para rakhakara jahA~ rasadAra bhojana milatA hai vahIM pahuMca jAtA hai 4. Avazyaka maryAdAoM kA laMghana kara DAlatA hai 5. kadAca usakI lolupatA ko dekha loga kaha sakate haiM ki yaha sAdhu hai yA svAdu ! 6. rasAsakta vyaktiyoM ke lie kahA gayA hai ki - sAThe kose lApasI, soe kose sIro / miliyA suM chor3e nahIM, naNada bAi ro vIro / / sarasa AhAra ke lie vyakti sATha se sau kosa kA cakkara bhI khA letA hai| phira tIvra Asakti se prApta kiye AhAra ko khAte samaya viveka bhI nahIM raha pAtA hai| vaha svAdavaza ThUMsa-ThUMsa kara khAtA hai, jisake pariNAmasvarUpa aneka prakAra kI bImAriyoM se AkrAnta ho jAtA hai| zAstrakAra kahate haiM ki kuNDarIka ne eka hajAra varSoM taka saMyamavrata kA utkRSTa pAlana kiyA kintu antataH rasalolupatA ke kAraNa saMyama se bhraSTa hokara solaha mahArogoM se ghira gayA aura naraka gati ko prApta kiyaa| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM udAharaNa dete hue batAyA gayA hai ki jaise- apathya Ama khAkara eka rAjA ne apanA rAjya kho diyA / " apatthaM ambagaM bhoccA, rAyA rajjaM tu haare|" vaise hI manuSya thor3e se svAda ke kAraNa apane jIvana se bhI khilavAr3a kara letA hai| 54

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...45 rasaparityAga kA upadeza dete hue zAstra meM yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki jo manuSya rasa meM atyanta gRddha ho jAtA hai vaha usameM mUrcchita huA apane jIvana ko akAla meM hI hArakara vinAza ko prApta karatA hai jaise ki mA~sa ke lobha meM pha~sA huA matsya kA~Te meM phaMsakara apane prANa gavA~ detA hai|55 rasAsakti se kAmAsakti bar3hatI hai, kyoMki gariSTha bhojana se zarIra meM svata: uttejanA paidA ho jAtI hai, jisase mana caMcala aura indriyA~ uttejita hokara saMyama kA bandhana tor3a DAlatI haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne sarvagata anubhava ko prastuta karate hue yaha bhI kahA hai ki gariSTha AhAra ke atyadhika sevana se dhAtu Adi puSTa hotI haiM, vIrya uttejita hotA hai, usase kAmAgni pracaNDa hotI hai aura usase vikRta bhAva sAdhaka ko vaise hI gherane lagate haiM jaise ki svAdiSTa phala vAle vRkSa ko pakSIgaNa Akara ghera lete haiN|56 jo vyakti mAtrA se adhika rasadAra bhojana karatA hai usake mana evaM indriyoM meM kAmarUpI agni usa taraha dahaka uThatI hai jaise- sUkhI-lakar3iyoM ke jaMgala meM teja havAoM ke jhoMke se agni kI eka cinagArI bhI kSaNa bhara meM phaila jAtI hai aura pracaNDa vanAgni kA rUpa dhAraNa kara letI hai|57 praNIta rasa bhojana to sAdhaka ke lie tAlapuTa jahara ke samakSa mAnA gayA hai|58 jaise- tAlapuTa jahara jIbha para rakhakara tAlI bajAye utane meM manuSya ko mAra DAlatA hai usI prakAra praNIta AhAra se sAdhaka kA ihabhava hI nahIM parabhava bhI bigar3a jAtA hai| sArataH IMdhana se jaise- agni pracaNDa banatI hai vaise hI sarasa bhojana se kAmAgni pracaNDa hotI hai| ata: sAdhaka ko niSprayojana rasayukta bhojana kA sevana nahIM karanA caahie| prakAra- uparyukta vivaraNa ke AdhAra para dUsarA prazna yaha uThatA hai ki 'rasaparityAga' zabda meM sabhI prakAra ke rasoM kA tyAga A jAtA hai jabaki zAstroM meM muni ko vigaya grahaNa karane kA bhI vidhAna hai isalie yaha nahIM mAnA jA sakatA ki vaha hamezA vigaya kA tyAgI rhe| taba vigaya tyAga kisa taraha kiyA jA sakatA hai ? aupapAtikasUtra meM isake nau prakAra batAye gaye haiM39 1. nirvikRtika - ghRta, tela, dUdha, dahI, zakkara Adi se rahita AhAra karanA, yaha rasa parityAga kA pahalA prakAra hai|

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46...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka 2. praNIta AhAra - ghRta Adi TapakatA huA, ati snigdha aura balavIrya varddhaka bhojana kA tyAga karanA, rasa parityAga tapa kA dUsarA prakAra hai| 3. AyaMbila - sirpha bhunA huA yA ubalA huA bhojana krnaa| 4. AyAmasiktha bhojana - dhAnyAdi ke dhoye hue pAnI meM zeSa baca gaye kaNoM ko grahaNa kara udarapUrti krnaa| 5. arasAhAra - namaka, mirca Adi SaDrasoM se rahita bhojana karanA jaiseur3ada ke bAkule, bhune hue cane aadi| 6. virasAhAra - bahuta purAnA anna jo svabhAvataH rasa yA svAda rahita ho gayA ho usakA banAyA huA AhAra grahaNa krnaa| 7. antAhAra - atyanta halkI jAti ke anna se banA huA AhAra grahaNa karanA athavA sabase Akhira meM banA huA AhAra lenaa| 8. prAntAhAra - bahuta halkI kisma ke anna se banA huA tathA bhojana kara lene ke pazcAta bacA-khucA AhAra grahaNa karanA prAntAhAra kahalAtA hai| 9. rUkSAhAra - rUkhA-sUkhA AhAra grahaNa krnaa| kucha AcAryoM ne tucchAhAra (jalI huI roTI) Adi ke kucha aura prakAroM ko mAnakara kula 14 bheda kiye haiN| isa taraha bhojana meM rasa, svAda, cikanAI Adi kA tyAga karake rasaparityAga tapa kI sAdhanA kaI prakAra se kI jA sakatI hai| lAbha- rasa parityAga tapa kI ArAdhanA karane se asvAda vrata kA pAlana hotA hai, svAda vijaya kI sAdhanA hotI hai, svAda lolupatA se sambhAvita hAniyoM se bacAva hotA hai, viveka cakSu udghATita rahatA hai, yaugika vikAra uttejita nahIM hote haiM, rasanA indriya kI caMcalatA samApta ho jAtI hai, brahmacarya kA pAlana hotA hai aura vIryazakti meM abhivRddhi hotI hai| vairAgya bhAva pRSTa hotA hai| svAda na lene se zramaNa AhAra grahaNa karatA huA bhI tapa karatA hai| asvAdavRtti ke kAraNa vaha sAta-ATha karmoM ke bandhanoM ko zithila kara detA hai| yahA~ taka ki asvAda vRtti se AhAra grahaNa karatA huA zramaNa bhI kevalajJAna ko prApta kara letA hai| yaha tapa muni evaM gRhastha donoM ke lie samAna hai| yadyapi muni jIvana meM svAdhyAya- dhyAna Adi pravRttiyoM kI saphalatA hetu rasa varjana kA adhika mahattva hai, etadartha isa viSaya meM vistRta carcA kI gayI hai| sAtha hI ullekhya hai ki upavAsa Adi tapa kI pRthak-pRthak kAla maryAdA hai, kintu rasa parityAga tapa to

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...47 jIvana bhara kI satata sAdhanA hai| isakI sAdhanA hara koI kara sakatA hai, kintu kaThina hai, kyoMki vairAgya bhAva ke udbuddha hone para hI yaha tapa sevita hotA hai| zramaNa ko AhAra kA grAsa kisa prakAra lenA cAhie ? svAda vijaya ke upAya kyA haiM? AhAra lolupatA bar3hane ke kauna-kauna se kAraNa haiM? sarasa padArthoM ke sevana se kina AtmAoM kA patana huA? ityAdi viSayoM para zAstroM meM samyak prakAza DAlA gayA hai| 5. kAyakleza tapa kAyakleza kA zAbdika artha hai- zarIra ko kaSTa denA, tApa phuNcaanaa| kaSTa do prakAra ke hote haiM- eka prAkRtika rUpa meM svayaM Ate haiM yA devatA, manuSya, tiryaJca Adi ke upasargoM se prApta hote haiN| sardI laganA, grISma tApa se becainI honA, varSA meM tUphAna Adi se prabhAvita honA, DAMsa-macchara Adi kA kATanA, akAraNa manuSya Adi se apamAnita honA ityAdi prakAra ke kaSTa sahaja Ate haiN| dUsare prakAra ke kaSTa udIraNA karake Amantrita kiye jAte haiM jaise- kaThina Asana Adi karanA, dhyAna mudrA meM baiThe rahanA, kAyotsarga mudrA meM niSprakampa khar3e rahanA, paidala vihAra karanA, kezaluMcana karanA, AtApanA lenA, svayaM ko pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM khar3e karanA Adi kaI prakAra ke kaSTa jAna-bUjhakara bulAye jAte haiN| ___ sAdhaka cAhe to hI udIraNA prApta kaSTa Ate haiM anyathA baMdhe hue karma apanI-apanI sthiti ke pUrNa hone para hI udaya meM Ate haiM aura svayaM kI prakRti (svabhAva) ke anusAra AtmA ko sukha-duHkha kI anubhUti karAte haiN| udIraNA ke dvArA bAda meM udaya prApta duSkarmoM ko pahale hI kSINa kara diyA jAtA hai| udIraNA hara sAdhAraNa vyakti nahIM kara sktaa| usake lie Atmabala aura saMkalpabala kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| jaise- atithi ko nimantraNa dekara bulAyA jAtA hai vaise hI sAdhaka dhairyatA va sahiSNutA kI kasauTI karane hetu kaSToM ko svata: Amantrita karatA hai isalie ye kaSTa Atma svIkRta kahalAte haiN| yahA~ yaha dhyAna denA jarUrI hai ki "deha duHkhaM mahAphalaM' ukti ke anusAra mAtra deha ko kaSTa dene se hI mahAna phala kI prApti nahIM hotI hai| ajJAnI vyakti kaI prakAra ke kaSTa sahatA hai, kintu usakA deha duHkha mahAphala pradAtA nahIM hotaa| vItarAga vANI ke Aloka meM jJAnapUrvaka diyA gayA daihika kaSTa hI karma-nirjarA

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48...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka kA hetu banatA hai| pAda vihAra, kezaloca, tapazcaryA Adi ke kaSTa jAna-bUjhakara svIkAra kiye jAte haiM ata: isa prakAra kA kAyakleza nizcita rUpa se Atmavizuddhi meM upakAraka banatA hai aura tapa kI koTi meM ginA jA sakatA hai| yahA~ sahaja prazna uThatA hai ki zAstroM meM eka tarapha to mAnava deha kI apAra mahimA gAI gaI hai, cAra durlabha vastuoM meM manuSya janma ko parama durlabha mAnA gayA hai| ise cintAmaNiratna kI upamA taka dI gayI hai tathA dUsarI ora zarIra ko kaSTa dene kI bAta kahI gayI hai| yaha virodhAbhAsa samajha nahIM aataa| eka jagaha "zarIramAdyaM khalu dharma sAdhanam" kI bAta hai aura dUsare sthAna para "deha dukkhaM mahAphalaM' kI carcA hai isa prakAra kA vaicArika matabheda kyoM? isakA uttara yaha hai ki zarIra ko kaSTa dene kA artha zarIra ko naSTa karanA nahIM hai, pratyuta usakA sadupayoga karanA hai| zarIra hamArA zatru nahIM hai vaha to dharma sAdhanA kA bahuta bar3A mAdhyama hai| AcArya madhukara muni ne ise sevaka kI upamA dete hue kahA hai ki sevaka se kAma lete rahanA caahie| sevaka ko yathAsamaya vetana dene, madhura vacana kahane, yathAyogya bhojana Adi dene se vaha prasanna rahatA hai aura mAlika kI sevA meM bhI tatpara rahatA hai| jo sevaka saba kucha pAkara bhI yadi mAlika kI sevA meM hAjira na rahe to vaha ImAnadAra nahIM kahalAtA hai|60 __ vastutaH isa deha se dharma sAdhanA Adi aneka taraha kI samyaka pravRttiyA~ kI jA sakatI haiM isIlie isa zarIra ko durlabha batAyA gayA hai, kintu isakA abhiprAya yaha nahIM hai ki ise niThalle biThAye rakhe, varanA yaha loha jaMga kI bhA~ti jAma ho jAyegA phira kisI taraha ke kAma kA nahIM raha skegaa| zarIra kI mazIna nirAbAdha rUpa se pravartita rahe, usake dvArA vyAvahArika evaM AdhyAtmika hara taraha ke kArya sampAdita hote rahe, isI lakSya ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue zarIra kaSTa kI bAta kahI gaI hai| vAstava meM vaha kaSTa, kaSTa nahIM hai, kintu zarIra kA sadupayoga hai| ___ ukta samAdhAna ke antargata dUsarI zaMkA yaha utpanna hotI hai ki jaba zAstroM meM "pariNAme bandha pariNAme mokSa' kA kathana hai taba kAyA ko kezaloca, AtApanA, tapazcaraNa Adi rUpa anAvazyaka kaSTa hI kyoM diye jAye, vaicArika stara para bhI dharma sAdhanA kI jA sakatI hai?

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...49 isakA prAthamika samAdhAna to yahI hai ki kezaluMcana Adi dvArA deha ko kaSTa nahIM diyA jAtA, varan usakA upayoga karate hue pUrva baddha karmoM se AtmA ko halkA kiyA jAtA hai| dUsarA tathya yaha hai ki jise sAdhanA meM Ananda AtA hai use kaSTa kI anubhUti nahIM hotii| upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne 'tapoSTaka' meM likhA hai ki manovAMchita kArya kI siddhi hetu zarIra ko jo kaSTa diyA jAtA hai vaha kaSTa nahIM hai| jaise- bahumUlya ratnoM kI upalabdhi ke lie vyApArI virATakAya samudroM ko lAMghatA hai, gaganacumbI parvatoM kI coTiyoM para pahuMcatA hai, bhayAnaka jaMgaloM ko pAra karatA hai, yAtrA daurAna asahya pIr3Ae~ sahana karatA hai tabhI use Ananda prApta hotA hai isI taraha muktipatha kA rAhI sAdhaka kAyakleza dvArA tapa, japa, dhyAna Adi kI sAdhanA karatA hai, kintu use usameM kaSTa nahIM hotaa|61 jisa sAdhanA meM kaSTa kA anubhava ho vaha sAdhanA ho nahIM sakatI, sAdhanA to svecchApUrvaka svIkAra kI jAtI hai| tIsarA tathya yaha hai ki jaina dharma meM kAyakleza kiyA nahIM jAtA, balki svayaM hotA hai| sAdhaka kA mukhya bhAva to Atma zodhana kA rahatA hai, caitasika pariNAmoM ko nirmala banAye rakhane kA hotA hai, kintu jaba vaha usake lie udyama karatA hai to daihika kaSTa svata: yA sajaga rUpa se Amantrita kara lie jAte haiN| usa samaya deha kaSTa kA kiJcitmAtra bhI lakSya nahIM rhtaa| yaha sthiti ThIka usa taraha kI hotI hai jaise ki ghI ko zuddha karane ke lie use tpaanaa| ghI ko zuddha karanA hai to use tapAnA hI par3egA, kisI pAtra meM DAlakara agni kA tApa denA hI par3egA vaise hI Atma-zuddhi ke lie zarIra ko tapAnA hotA hai| ___ spaSTa bhAvArtha yaha hai ki jaise ghI ko tapAne kA lakSya hone para bhI pAtra usakA AdhAra hone se vaha ghI ko tapAne ke sAtha svayaM tapatA hai usI prakAra AtmAcchAdita vikAroM ko dUra karane ke lie indriya nigraha, upavAsa Adi ke dvArA AtmA ko hI tapAnA hotA hai, kintu AtmA kA AdhAra zarIra hai| isalie AtmA jaba tapAcaraNa karatA hai to zarIra ko svabhAvata: kaSTa hotA hai; kintu zarIra kI usa vedanA meM sAdhaka ko vedana kI anubhUti nahIM hotii| tapa ke kaSTa ko sAdhaka kaSTa rUpa meM anubhava nahIM krtaa| kadAca kaSTAnubhava ho bhI to vaha samajhatA hai ki deha pRthak hai aura maiM pRthak hU~, deha ko kaSTa hotA hai mujhe nahIM,

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50...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka deha kA vinAza hotA hai AtmA kA nhiiN| isa prakAra ke cintana se vaha deha mamatva ko manda kara detA hai| yahI kAyakleza kA yathArtha uddezya hai| antima dhyeya yaha hai ki jaba zarIra kaSTa sahiSNa banatA hai, mana:sthiti bhI tabhI sadhatI hai| zarIra kI kasauTI para hI sAdhanAe~ phalatI-phUlatI haiM, dehajita hI manojita kahalAtA hai, phira kAyakleza tapa kI pratyeka kriyA manobala ke anurUpa hI phaladAyI hotI hai| ata: 'pariNAme bandha pariNAme mokSa' kathana meM prastuta tapa kA sandeza gopanIya rUpa meM hai| . isa prakAra Atma sAdhanA ke mArga meM zarIra ko pahuMcAne vAlA kaSTa vAstava meM kaSTa nahIM hai, apitu zarIra kA upayoga hai aura usake dvArA sAdhanA mArga kA ArohaNa hai| prakAra- jainAgamoM meM kAyakleza tapa ke aneka prakAra prarUpita haiN| sthAnAMgasUtra meM nimna sAta prakAra kA kAyakleza tapa batAyA gayA hai62 - 1. kAyotsarga karanA 2. utkaTuka Asana se dhyAna karanA 3. pratimA dhAraNa karanA 4. vIrAsana karanA 5. svAdhyAya Adi ke lie vajrAsana Adi meM baiThanA 6. daNDAyata hokara khar3e rahanA aura 7. kASThavata khar3e rahakara dhyAna krnaa| aupapAtikasUtra meM inhIM bhedoM ko vistRta kara gyAraha bheda kahe gaye haiM63_ 1. sthAnasthitika - eka hI taraha se khar3e yA eka hI Asana se baiThe rhnaa| 2. utkuTukAsanika - ukaDU Asana se baiThanA arthAta kevala paMjoM ke bala para baitthnaa| 3. pratimAsthAyI - mAsika Adi dvAdaza pratimAe~ svIkAra krnaa| 4. vIrAsanika - vIrAsana meM sthita rahanA arthAta jaise- koI puruSa siMhAsana para baiThA huA ho aura usake nIce se siMhAsana haTA diye jAne para vaha jisa sthiti meM rahatA hai, usa rUpa meM sthira rahanA vIrAsana kahalAtA hai| 5. naiSadhika - pAlathI lagAkara baitthnaa| 6. AtApaka - sUrya Adi kI AtApanA lenaa| 7. aprAvRtaka - deha ko vastrAdi se nahIM ddhknaa| 8. akaNDUyaka - khujalI calane para bhI deha ko nahIM khujlaanaa| 9. aniSThIvaka - thUka Ane para bhI nahIM thuuknaa|

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...51 10. sarvagAtra parikarma - zarIra ke kisI aMga kI dekhabhAla (dhyAna) nahIM rkhnaa| 11. vibhUSA vipramukta - zarIra ke sabhI saMskAra, sajjA, vibhUSA Adi se mukta rhnaa| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kAyakleza tapa ke bAIsa prakAra ullikhita haiM jinheM parISaha kahA gayA hai| ina parISahoM meM anyakRta evaM svecchA asvIkRta donoM prakAra ke kaSToM kA antarbhAva hai| parISahoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM84 1. kSudhA parISaha - bhUkha sahana karanA 2. pipAsA parISaha - pyAsa sahana karanA 3. zIta parISaha - sardI sahana karanA 4. uSNa parISaha - garmI sahana karanA 5. daMzamazaka parISaha - DAMsa, macchara Adi ke upadravoM ko sahanA 6. acela parISaha - nagnyatva kaSTa ko sahanA 7. arati parISaha - kaSToM se ghabarAkara saMyama ke prati udAsIna na honA 8. strI parISaha - brahmacArI puruSa ko strI kA tathA strI ko puruSa kA upasargAdi sahana karanA 9. caryA parISaha - pAda vihAra ke kaSToM ko sahanA 10. naiSedhikI parISaha - svAdhyAya bhUmi ke kaSTa ko sahanA 11. zayyA parISaha- zayana bhUmi sambandhI kaSTa sahana karanA 12. Akroza parISaha - kisI ke durvacanoM ko sahana karanA 13. vadha parISaha - lakar3I Adi ke prahAra ko sahana karanA 14. yAcanA parISaha - bhikSA Adi meM Agata kaSToM ko sahana karanA 15. alAbha parISaha - vastrAdi kI yAcanA meM Agata kaSToM ko sahana karanA 16. roga parISaha - roga Adi kaSToM ko samabhAva se sahana karanA 17. tRNasparza parISaha - ghAsa Adi ke sparza kA kaSTa sahana karanA 18. jalla parISaha - zarIra para maila jama jAye use sahana karanA 19. satkAra-puraskAra parISaha - pUjA-prazaMsA meM taTastha rahanA 20. prajJA parISaha - tIvra buddhi kA garva nahIM karanA 21. ajJAna parISaha - buddhihInatA kA duHkha sahana karanA 22. darzana parISaha - samyaktva bhraSTa mithyA matoM ke bIca mana ko sthira rkhnaa| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM vIrAsana Adi utkRSTa AsanoM ko kAyakleza tapa ke prakAroM meM ginA gayA hai|65 dazavaikAlikacUrNi meM kAyakleza ke mukhya pAMca prakAra batalAye gaye haiM-1. vIrAsana 2. utkaTukAsana 3. bhUmizayana 4. kASThapaTTazayana 5. keshloc|66

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52...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka sAra rUpa meM kaheM to Asana, AtApanA, kezaloca Adi niravadya pravRttiyoM dvArA zarIra ko sAdhanA kAyakleza tapa hai| lAbha - kAyakleza tapa ke mAdhyama se hamArA jIvana svarNa kI bhA~ti nikharatA hai| isase zArIrika kSamatA meM abhivRddhi hotI hai, deha mamattva zanai:-zanaiH samApta hotA hai, jar3a-cetana kI bhedajJAna buddhi pragaTatI hai, jJAtA-draSTA va sAkSIbhAva kA abhyAsa hotA hai, saMsAra-virakti kA aMkura prasphuTita hotA hai| kAyakleza se titikSA kA bhAva prabala se prabalatara hotA hai| jo vyakti titikSu aura sahiSNu nahIM hai vaha bAhya tapa kI sAdhanA nahIM kara sakatA jaise- agni snAna kiye binA svarNa meM nikhAra nahIM AtA, ghise binA candana meM sugandha prakaTa nahIM hotI, pIse binA mehaMdI meM raMga nahIM AtA vaise hI kAyakleza tapa kiye binA sAdhanA meM oja nahIM aataa| tAtparya hai ki yaha tapa sAdhanA stara ko carama sImA taka pahuMcAne meM sahayogI banatA hai| isa tapa ke dvArA zarIra ke prati nirmamatva buddhi hone se use saMvArane aura sajAne ke prati bhI udAsInatA rahatI hai| saMkSepa meM yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki zarIra ko tapAnA kAyakleza hai| yadyapi zarIra ko tapAne yA sAdhane meM saMsArI AtmA ko kaSTa hotA hai phira bhI jisane AtmA ko bhAvita kara liyA hai usake lie vaha kaSTa jaisA nahIM hai|67 anta meM avadheya hai ki isa tapa kA vivecana bhale hI sAdhu ko lakSita kara kiyA gayA hai, kintu gRhastha bhI isakI sAdhanA kara sakatA hai| Asana Adi ke dvArA dhyAna karanA, gyAraha upAsaka pratimAe~ dhAraNa karanA, ziSyoM ke prati mamatvabhAva kama karanA, snAna, vilepana, aMgarAga Adi kI maryAdA karanA, yaha saba sAdhanA karate hue gRhastha bhI kAyakleza tapa kI ArAdhanA kara sakatA hai| 6. pratisalInatA tapa pratisaMlInatA bAhya tapa kA chaThA bheda hai| saMlInatA kA sAmAnya artha hai - AtmA meM lIna ho jAnA, svayaM meM magna ho jaanaa| saMsAra kI sAdhAraNa AtmAe~ parabhAvoM meM magna haiN| parabhAva meM lIna AtmA ko svabhAva meM nimagna rakhane kA upakrama karanA pratisaMlInatA tapa kahalAtA hai| prakArAntara se indriya Adi kA bAhya viSayoM se pratisaMharaNa karanA pratisaMlInatA tapa hai| dUsare artha ke anusAra indriya Adi kI bahirmukhI vRtti ko antarmukhI karanA pratisaMlInatA tapa hai| saMlIna kA eka artha hai gupta rkhnaa| tIsare artha ke

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...53 anusAra indriya, kaSAya evaM yogAdi pravRttiyoM ko bAhara se haTAkara bhItara meM gapta rakhanA, saMyamita rakhanA pratisaMlInatA tapa hai| zAstroM meM ise saMyama aura gupti bhI kahA gayA hai| isa tapa nAma ke sambandha meM sAmAnya matAntara hai| bhagavatIsUtra68 evaM aupapAtikasUtra69 meM isakA nAma pratisaMlInatA hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM saMlInatA aura vivikta zayyAsana ye do nAma prApta hote haiN|70 kucha granthoM meM 'vivikta zayyAsana' yA 'vivikta zayyA' kA prayoga milatA hai| isa taraha isake saMlInatA, pratisaMlInatA, vivikta zayyAsana Adi nAma prApta hote haiN| svarUpataH saMlInatA evaM pratisaMlInatA meM mahata antara nahIM hai tathA 'vivikta zayyAsana' usake eka avAntara bheda kA hI nAma hai| jainAgamoM meM pratisaMlInatA tapa kA upadeza dete hue kahA gayA hai ki isa tapa meM ruci rakhane vAlA sAdhaka sarvaprathama indriyoM para saMyama rakhe, indriyoM ko gupta rkhe| prazna uThatA hai ki indriyoM kA gopana kisa taraha kiyA jAye? isake pratyuttara meM zAstra vacana hai ki "kummo iva guptidiyA"71 kachue~ kI bhA~ti indriyoM ko gupta rakhanA caahie| jaina, bauddha evaM vaidika tInoM dharmoM meM indriya gopanatA ke viSaya meM kachue kA udAharaNa hI diyA gayA hai| jaisA ki gItA meM kahA hai/2- jaise kachuA saba ora se apane aMgoM ko sameTa kara zAnta-gupta hokara baiThatA hai, vaise hI sAdhaka sAMsArika viSayoM se apanI indriyoM ko saba ora se sameTa letA hai| sAmAnyata: indriya Adi kI saMsArAbhimukha pravRttiyoM ko saMyamita karanA pratisaMlInatA tapa kA mukhya hArda hai| prakAra- Agama evaM Agamika TIkAoM meM pratisaMlInatA tapa cAra prakAra kA batAyA gayA hai 73 1. indriya pratisaMlInatA 2. kaSAya pratisaMlInatA 3. yoga pratisaMlInatA 4. viviktacaryA prtisNliintaa| 1. indriya pratisaMlInatA tapa- yaha tapa pAMca prakAra se hotA hai74 (i) zrotrendriya saMlInatA (ii) cakSurindriya saMlInatA (iii) ghrANendriya saMlInatA (iv) rasanendriya saMlInatA (v) sparzanendriya sNliintaa| ukta zrotra Adi indriyoM ke zabda, rUpa, gandha, rasa Adi jo apane-apane

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54... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka viSaya haiM tatsaMbaMdhI anukUla-pratikUla viSayoM meM rAga-dveSa kI buddhi nahIM rakhanA, indriya pratisaMlInatA tapa kahalAtA hai| spaSTa hai ki indriyoM ko yogya-ayogya jaisA bhI dekhane-sunane - cakhane Adi ko mile, usameM samabhAva rakhanA indriya pratisaMlInatA hai| 2. kaSAya pratisaMlInatA tapa- kaSAya saMlInatA tapa cAra prakAra kA batAyA gayA hai 75_ (i) udaya meM Ane vAle krodha kA nirodha karanA tathA udaya prApta krodha ko viphala kara denA krodha saMlInatA tapa hai| (ii) udaya meM Ane vAle ahaMkAra kA nirodha karanA tathA udaya prApta mAna ko prabhAva zUnya kara denA, mAna saMlInatA tapa hai| (iii) udaya meM Ane vAlI mAyA kA nirodha karanA tathA udaya prApta chalakapaTa pUrNa vRtti ko niSprabha kara denA, mAyA saMlInatA tapa hai| (iv) udaya meM Ane vAle lobha kA nirodha karanA tathA udaya prApta lobha ko viphala kara denA, lobha saMlInatA tapa hai| dUsare zabdoM meM krodha Adi catuH kaSAyoM ke udaya kA nirodha aura udIrNa kA viphalIkaraNa karanA, kaSAya saMlInatA tapa kahalAtA hai| 76_ 3. yoga pratisaMlInatA tapa- yoga saMlInatA ke tIna prakAra (i) mana saMlInatA - durvicAra mana kA nirodha aura sadvicAra utpanna karane kA abhyAsa karanA, manoyoga pratisaMlInatA tapa hai| (ii) vacana saMlInatA azubha vacana kA nirodha karanA arthAta durvacana nahIM bolanA aura savacana bolane kA abhyAsa karanA, vAkyoga pratisaMlInatA tapa hai| (iii) kAya saMlInatA binA prayojana hAtha, paira Adi ko hilAnA nahIM aura prayojana hone para yAtanApUrvaka caMkramaNa Adi karanA, kAya saMlInatA tapa hai| 4. vivikta- zayanAsana pratisaMlInatA tapa- uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke anusAra ekAnta, anApAta aura strI- pazu Adi se rahita zayana evaM Asana kA sevana karanA, vivikta zayanAsana tapa hai| 77 mUlArAdhanA ke anusAra jahA~ para zabda, rasa, gandha aura sparza ke dvArA cittavikSepa nahIM hotA, svAdhyAya aura dhyAna meM vyAghAta nahIM hotA vaha viviktazayyA kahalAtA hai| 78 -

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...55 pratisaMlInatA ke isa cauthe bheda kA bhAvArtha yaha hai ki jahA~ indriya, kaSAya evaM yoga pravRtti ko samyak aura saMyamita rakhA jA sake una sthAnoM meM rahane kA prayatna karanA, vivikta zayanAsana saMlInatA tapa kahalAtA hai| ___ vivikta zayanAsana ke pIche do dRSTiyA~ mukhya rUpa se rahI huI haiM- pahalI dRSTi- brahmacarya kI sAdhanA kA vikAsa karanA hai| brahmacarya kI sAdhanA hetu ekAnta sthAna kI nitAnta AvazyakatA rahatI hai| dUsarI dRSTi- sAdhaka ko sukhazIlatA se bacAkara svAvalambana, kaSTasahiSNutA, nirbhayatA evaM sAhasikatA kI ora agrasara karanA hai| ekAnta-nirjana sthAnoM meM rahane para dUsarI dRSTi ke sabhI guNa svata: vikasita hote haiN| lAbha - pratisaMlInatA tapa kI sAdhanA se bahirmukhI vyakti antarmukhatA kI ora gati karatA hai| pAMca indriyoM ke teIsa viSayoM kI anAvazyaka pravRtti ruka jAtI hai| saMsAra paribhramaNa ke mukhya hetu viSaya evaM kaSAya manda par3a jAte haiN| yaugika pravRtti kA nirodha hone se ayogI avasthA zIghrameva upalabdha ho sakatI hai| vivikta zayyA meM rahane se 1. kalaha 2. zabda bAhulya 3. saMkleza 4. vyAmoha 5. asaMyamiyoM ke sAtha sammizraNa 6. mamatva 7. dhyAna aura svAdhyAya meM vyAghAta - ina sAta doSoM se sahaja hI chuTakArA mila jAtA hai|79 bhagavAna mahAvIra ne uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM vivikta zayyA tapa ke lAbha batAte hue kahA hai ki isa tapa ke sevana se cAritra kI rakSA hotI hai| jo cAritra kI rakSA karatA hai, vaha pauSTika AhAra kA varjana, dRr3ha cAritra kA pAlana aura antaHkaraNa se mokSasAdhanA meM pravRtta huA jJAnAvaraNIya Adi ATha prakAra ke karmoM kI gA~Tha ko tor3a detA hai|80 isa taraha pratisaMlInatA tapa AdhyAtmika vikAsa meM zreSThatama bhUmikA kA nirvahana karatA hai| niSkarSa rUpa meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki mAnava jIvana meM bAhya tapa kA anupama sthAna hai| isa tapa ke AcaraNa se daihika sukha prApti kI icchA svayameva samApta ho jAtI hai, indriyA~ anuzAsita hotI haiM, vIrya zakti kA pUrNa sadupayoga hotA hai| AtmA saMvega aura samAdhi ko prApta hotI hai| kaSAya kA nigraha, viSayoM ke prati udAsInatA tathA AhAra Adi ke prati anurAga kI mAtrA kama hone se samAdhimaraNa ke lie sthiratA prApta hotI hai| tIrthaGkara AjJA kA paripAlana hotA hai| isa taraha yaha tapa samagra dRSTiyoM se upakArI siddha hotA hai|

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56...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka Abhyantara tapa ke bheda-prabhedoM kA svarUpa evaM usake lAbha Agama-sAhitya meM jaise bAhya tapa chaha prakAra kA kahA gayA hai vaise Abhyantara tapa bhI nimnokta chaha prakAra kA nirdiSTa hai___ 1. prAyazcitta 2. vinaya 3. vaiyAvRtya 4. svAdhyAya 5. dhyAna aura 6. vyutsrg| 1. prAyazcitta tapa 'prAyaH' + 'citta'- ina do padoM ke yoga se prAyazcitta zabda nirmita hai| yahA~ 'prAya:' kA artha hai aparAdha, "citta' kA artha hai zodhana arthAta aparAdhoM kA zodhana karanA, pApa kI zuddhi karanA prAyazcitta kahalAtA hai|81 Agamika TIkAoM meM prAyazcitta kI nimna paribhASAe~ upalabdha hotI haiM * jo pApa karmoM ko kSINa karatA hai, vaha prAyazcitta hai|82 * jo pracuratA se citta-AtmA kA vizodhana karatA hai, vaha prAyazcitta hai|83 * jo cittavizuddhi kA prazasta hetu hai, vaha prAyazcitta hai|84 * asatya AcaraNa kA anusmaraNa karanA prAyazcitta hai|85 * aparAdha hone para AtmA malina hotI hai| usakI vizodhi ke lie jo anuSThAna kiyA jAtA hai, vaha prAyazcitta hai|86 * aparAdha eka zalya hai| usake uddharaNa ke lie jo kRtya kiyA jAtA hai, vaha prAyazcitta hai|87 yadi saMkSepa meM kaheM to sAdhaka kI vaha pravRtti jisase pApa karma apanA phala dikhAye binA hI vinaSTa ho jAte haiM use prAyazcitta kahate haiN| sAmAnyatayA jisa prakAra rAjanIti meM aparAdha bhugatAna ke lie daNDa kA vidhAna hai, usI prakAra dharmanIti meM aparAdhoM se chUTane ke lie prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| ___ yadi kiMcita gaharAI se avalokana kareM to yaha tathya nirvivAdataH spaSTa hai ki prAyazcitta aura daNDa meM mahata antara hai| adhyAtma nIti meM aparAdhI svayaM prAyazcitta grahaNa karatA hai, usake hRdaya meM pApa ke prati tIvra glAni hotI hai aura prAyazcitta dvArA svayaM ko halkA, prasanna evaM pApa mukta anubhava karatA hai jabaki rAjanIti meM aparAdhI ko daNDa diyA jAtA hai| vahA~ prAya: aparAdhI svakRta bhUloM ko svIkAra nahIM karatA, kadAca bhUla ko bhUla mAna bhI le to usake prati pazcAttApa yA glAni nahIM hotii| sambhavataH glAni ho bhI jAye to vaha daNDa kI mAMga nahIM karatA aura daNDa milatA bhI hai to usakA nItipUrvaka AcaraNa nahIM krtaa| isa bhA~ti prAyazcitta aura daNDa meM bahuta bar3A antara hai|

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...57 madhukaramuni zrI mizrIlAlajI mahArAja ne isa sandarbha meM vyApaka cintana prastuta kiyA hai| ve likhate haiM ki daNDa aparAdhI ke mana ko jhakajhora nahIM sakatA, jabaki prAyazcitta doSa sevI ke antarhadaya ko gad-gad kara detA hai| daNDa meM daNDadAtA kI ora se balAtkAra aura bhaya kA bhAva bar3hAyA jAtA hai, isalie aparAdhI daNDa pAkara aura jyAdA uddaNDa va dhRSTa bana jAtA hai, jabaki prAyazcitta meM gurujanoM kI ora se karuNA evaM vAtsalya kA bhAva dikhAyA jAtA hai| isa kAraNa doSI prAyazcitta lekara bhAvuka, vinIta evaM niSkapaTa banatA hai| daNDa thopA jAtA hai, prAyazcitta hRdaya se svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai| daNDa bAhara meM aTaka kara raha jAtA hai, vaha antaraMga ko sparza nahIM kara sakatA, kintu prAyazcitta meM usa aparAdha se mukta hone kA saMkalpa jagatA hai aura bhaviSya meM puna: aparAdha na karane ke lie dRr3hapratijJa hotA hai|88 prakAra - sAdhaka chadmastha hai, isalie usake dvArA jJAta-ajJAta rUpa se bhUla ho jAnA svAbhAvika hai| saMskAra evaM paristhitiyoM ke anusAra bhUleM aneka prakAra kI hotI haiN| kucha bhUleM sAmAnya hotI haiM to kiJcita asAdhAraNa hotI haiN| sAmAnya bhUleM bhI deza-kAla va paristhiti ke kAraNa asAmAnya ho jAtI haiM, ataH sabhI taraha kI bhUloM kA prAyazcitta eka samAna nahIM hotaa| ___bhUloM aura paristhiti ke anusAra prAyazcitta ke vividha rUpa kahe gaye haiN| bhagavatIsUtra aura sthAnAMgasUtra meM kula dasavidha prAyazcitta kA ullekha hai| unameM sthUla rUpa se sarva prakAra ke prAyazcittoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai| dasavidha prAyazcitta kA sAmAnya varNana isa prakAra hai89 1. AlocanA yogya - guru ke samakSa apane doSoM kA nivedana karanA AlocanA prAyazcitta hai| pratidina ke Avazyaka kAryoM jaise- gamanAgamana, bhikSA, pratilekhana Adi meM lagane vAle doSoM ko guru yA jyeSTha sAdhu ke sAmane prakaTa karane se unakI zuddhi ho jAtI hai| 2. pratikramaNa yogya - divasa, rAtri, pakSa, mahInA aura varSabhara meM lage hue pApoM se nivRtta hone ke lie mithyA duSkRta denA pratikramaNa prAyazcitta hai| sAdhu yA gRhastha dvArA pAMca samiti, tIna gupti, bAraha vrata, pA~ca mahAvrata Adi meM lagane vAle doSa 'micchAmi dukkaDaM' dene mAtra se dUra ho jAte haiN| 3. tadubhaya yogya - jisa doSa kI zuddhi AlocanA evaM pratikramaNa donoM

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58...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka se hotI hai, usa prakAra kA prAyazcitta svIkAra karanA tadubhaya prAyazcitta kahalAtA hai| ekendriya Adi jIvoM kA saMghaTTA hone para usa doSa se nivRtta hone ke lie yahI prAyazcitta liyA jAtA hai| 4. viveka yogya - jisa doSa kI zuddhi kisI vastu kA tyAga karane se hI ho, use viveka prAyazcitta kahate haiN| jaise AdhAkarma yA auddezika AhAra A jAye to usakA pariSThApana karanA hI par3atA hai, aisA karane mAtra se pUrva doSa kI vizuddhi hotI hai| 5. vyutsarga yogya - jisa doSa kI vizuddhi kAyotsarga karane se hI hotI hai, use vyutsarga prAyazcitta kahate haiN| jaise nadI pAra karane meM, gamanAgamana karane meM, eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna para Ane-jAne meM, mala-mUtrAdi kA parityAga karane meM asAvadhAnIvaza koI doSa laga gayA ho to una bhinna-bhinna doSoM se mukta hone ke lie bhinna-bhinna parimANa meM zvAsozvAsa yukta kAyotsarga kiyA jAtA hai| kAyotsarga karane mAtra se una doSoM kI vizuddhi ho jAtI hai| ___6. tapa yogya - jisa doSa kI zuddhi tapa karane se hotI hai, usake lie Agamokta vidhi se tapazcaryA karanA, tapa prAyazcitta kahalAtA hai| sacitta vastu ko chUne tathA Avazyaka sAmAcArI, pratilekhana, pramArjana Adi nahIM karane se lagane vAle doSoM kI zuddhi ke lie yaha prAyazcitta diyA jAtA hai| isa prAyazcitta ko pUrA karane ke lie nirvikRtika, Ayambila Adi se lekara chahamAsI tapa kA vidhAna hai| 7. cheda yogya - jisa doSa kI zuddhi ke lie dIkSA paryAya kA chedana kiyA jAtA ho, use chedArha prAyazcitta kahate haiN| sacitta virAdhanA, pratikramaNa akaraNatA Adi ke kAraNa lagane vAle doSoM kI zuddhi ke lie yaha prAyazcitta hai| isameM doSoM kI nyUnAdhikatA ke hisAba se pA~ca dina se lekara chaha mAsa taka ke dIkSA paryAya kI nyUnatA karane kA vidhAna hai| 8. mUla yogya - yahA~ mUla kA artha hai prAyazcitta yogya muni meM phira se mahAvratoM kI sthApanA karanA ata: dubArA dIkSA dene se jina doSoM kI zuddhi hotI hai, use mUla prAyazcitta kahate haiN| spaSTArtha hai ki chadmastha sAdhu kabhI-kabhI itane gurutara doSoM kA sevana kara letA hai ki AlocanA aura tapa Adi se bhI usakI zuddhi nahIM ho sktii| una

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya... 59 doSoM ke sevana se vaha cAritra se sarvathA bhraSTa ho jAtA hai| jaise- manuSya yA pazu Adi kI hatyA, ziSya Adi kI corI, brahmacarya vrata kA bhaMga Adi mUla (viziSTa) doSa mAne jAte haiM / isa bhA~ti ke doSoM kI zuddhi hetu pUrva gRhIta cAritra paryAya kA sarvathA cheda kara phira se mahAvratoM kA AropaNa kiyA jAtA hai| 9. anavasthApya yogya muni pada para dubArA se avasthita nahIM karanA anavasthApya kahalAtA hai| jisa doSa kI zuddhi ke lie prAyazcitta rUpa meM nirdhArita kiyA gayA viziSTa tapa jaba taka na kara liyA jAye taba taka usa sAdhu kA saMgha se sambandha-viccheda rakhanA tathA use punaH dIkSA nahIM denA anavasthApya prAyazcitta hai| - sAdharmika sAdhu-sAdhviyoM kI corI karanA, anya tIrthika kI corI karanA, gRhastha kI corI karanA, paraspara mArapITa karanA Adi sthitiyoM meM sAdhu ko yaha prAyazcitta diyA jAtA hai| 10. pArAMcika yogya jisa mahAdoSa kI zuddhi veSa aura kSetra kA tyAga kara mahAtapa karane se hotI hai vaha pArAMcika prAyazcitta hai| - cheda AgamoM ke anusAra kaSAya- duSTa, viSaya- duSTa, mahApramAdI, madyapAyI, styAnarddhi nidrA meM akalpanIya karmakArI, samalaiMgika viSayasevI ko yaha prAyazcitta AtA hai| 90 sthAnAMgasUtra ke anusAra gaNa meM phUTa DAlane, phUTa DAlane kI yojanA banAne, sAdhu Adi ko mArane kI bhAvanA rakhane, muniyoM ke chidra-doSa Adi kI talAza karate rahane, bAra-bAra asaMyama ke sthAna rUpa sAvadya anuSThAna kI pUchatAcha karate rahane para pArAJcika prAyazcitta AtA hai| 91 isa taraha ke doSoM kI zuddhi ke lie use chaha mahIne se lekara bAraha varSa taka svagaNa, sAdhuveSa evaM svakSetra se pRthak kara jinakalpI sAdhu kI bhA~ti kaThora tapazcaryA karane kA daNDa diyA jAtA hai| nirdhArita daNDa kI avadhi pUrNa hone ke pazcAta punaH pravrajita kara munisaMgha meM sammilita kiyA jA sakatA hai| muni jIvana meM yaha prAyazcitta sabase gurutara doSa ke lie diyA jAtA hai| TIkAkAroM kA kahanA hai ki yaha dasavA~ prAyazcitta vizeSa parAkramI AcArya ko hI diyA jAtA hai| upAdhyAya ke lie nauveM prAyazcitta taka kA evaM sAmAnya

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60...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka sAdhu ke lie AThaveM prAyazcitta taka kA vidhAna hai| vartamAna meM adhika se adhika AThaveM prAyazcitta taka dene kI vidhi hai| mahattva - bhagavAna mahAvIra ne batAyA hai ki prAyazcitta karane se jIva pApa karma kI vizuddhi karatA hai aura niraticAra ho jAtA hai| samyak prakAra se prAyazcitta karane vAlA mArga (samyaktva) aura mArgaphala (jJAna) ko nirmala karatA hai tathA AcAra (cAritra) aura cAritraphala (mukti) kI ArAdhanA karatA hai|92 ___anya dRSTi se vaha bhAvuka aura vinamra banatA hai, hRdaya meM komalatA ke aMkura phUTa par3ate haiM, vaha ihaloka evaM paraloka ke viSaya meM bahuta hI vivekazIla rahatA hai, naye pApakarmoM ke Asrava nirodha kA prayAsa prArambha ho jAtA hai ityAdi kaI prakAra ke acche pariNAma jIvana meM rUpAntarita hote haiN| ___ AlocanA kauna kara sakatA hai, prAyazcitta karane yogya guru kaise hote haiM, prAyazcitta kisake pAsa kiyA jAnA cAhie, prAyazcitta kaba karanA cAhie, prAyazcitta yogya doSa kaunase haiM? ityAdi ke sambandha meM zAstroM meM vistRta varNana prApta hotA hai| prAyazcitta-vidhi khaNDa-10 meM ukta sandarbho para paryApta prakAza DAlA jaayegaa| ___ suspaSTa hai ki doSa choTA ho yA bar3A, prAyazcitta se AtmA doSamukta bana jAtI hai, kyoMki AtmA mUlata: doSI nahIM hai, doSa to pramAda evaM kaSAya bhAva hai| kaSAya Adi kI utpatti hotI hai to unakI zuddhi bhI ho sakatI hai| prAyazcitta tapa isI bAta ko siddha karatA hai ki pratyeka AtmA apane doSoM kA prakSAlana kara sakatI hai| isake lie kahIM jAne kI bajAya hRdaya ko mAMjane kI hI jarUrata hai| 2. vinaya tapa ___ Abhyantara tapa kA dUsarA bheda vinaya hai| zAstroM meM kahA gayA hai ki 'viNaya dhammo mUlo' vinaya dharma kA mUla hai| jaina Agama sAhitya meM 'vinaya' zabda kA prayoga aneka sthaloM para huA hai| vahA~ 'vinaya' zabda tIna arthoM meM prayukta hotA hai - 1. AtmasaMyama 2. anuzAsana 3. nmrtaa| sthAnAMgasUtra, bhagavatIsUtra Adi meM prazasta mana vinaya Adi ke bheda batAye gaye haiM unakA sambandha ucca vicAroM evaM manaHsaMyama se hai jaisA ki mUla pATha hai - "appA ceva dameyavvo 3 ......" "varaM me appA daMto, saMjameNa taveNa y|'94

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...61 uttarAdhyayanasUtra kA prathama adhyayana vinaya se sambandhita hai| usameM vinaya kA svarUpa prAya: anuzAsanAtmaka hai| gurvAjJAnusAra vartana karanA eka prakAra kA anuzAsana kahalAtA hai| sacce guru ziSya hita ke lie kabhI madhura to kabhI kaThora vacana zikSA rUpa meM kahate rahate haiM taba vinIta ziSya socatA hai95 jaM me buddhANusAsaMti, sIeNa pharUseNa vaa| mama lAbho tti pehAe, payao taM paDisuNe / / sadguru kA madhura evaM kaThora anuzAsana mere lAbha ke lie hI hai, isalie mujhe guruvANI ko dhyAnapUrvaka sunanA caahie| isa adhyayana meM jagaha-jagaha para kahA gayA hai 'pharUsaM pi aNusAsaNaM',96 'aNusAsio na kuppejjA'97 aura bhii| vinaya kA namratA sUcaka artha to jaga prasiddha hai| AgamoM meM vinIta kA lakSaNa batalAte hue spaSTa kahA gayA hai ki "nIyAvittI acavale" nIcI vRtti rakhanA arthAta nata hokara rahanA caMcalatA nahIM karanA vinItatA hai| Agama TIkAoM meM 'vinaya' zabda kI phalAtmaka vyutpatti isa prakAra kI gayI hai-98 jamhA viNayai kammaM, aTThavihaM cAturaMta mukkhAe / tamhA u vayaMti viU, viNautti vilInasaMsArA / / vinIyate- apanIyate'nena karmeti vinayaH jisase ATha prakAra ke karmoM kA apanayana hotA hai, vaha vinaya hai| pravacanasAroddhAra TIkA meM bhI isI taraha kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahA gayA hai ki99_ "vinayati klezakArakamaSTaprakAraM karma iti vinayaH" kleza utpanna kAraka aSTa karmoM ko jo dUra karatA hai, vaha vinaya hai| sAmAnyatayA abhyutthAna karanA, hAtha jor3anA, Asana denA, gurujanoM kI bhakti karanA aura bhAvapUrvaka zuzruSA karanA vinaya kahalAtA hai|100 bhASyakAroM ke matAnusAra vinayopacAra, nirabhimAnatA, gurujanapUjA, arhata AjJA aura zrutadharma kI ArAdhanA - ye sabhI kriyAe~ vinaya hai|101 yahA~ eka prazna uTha sakatA hai ki vinaya to eka prakAra kA sadvyavahAra hai| ise tapa kI zreNI meM kaise mAnA jAye? kyoMki tapa meM zarIra va mana donoM ko sAdhanA par3atA hai| vinaya meM isa taraha kI koI bAta nahIM dikhtii| dUsare, guruoM ke sAtha namratApUrNa vyavahAra karanA to sAmAnya ziSTAcAra hai, phira ise tapa kI koTi meM kaise rakhA gayA hai?

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62...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka AcArya madhukara muni jI ne isakA saTIka javAba diyA hai ki vinaya sirpha eka sadvyavahAra kA hI nAma nahIM hai| vinaya kA dAyarA bahuta vyApaka hai| sadvyavahAra to vinaya kA eka pratyakSa phala hai| vinaya kA bhAvArtha atyanta gaharA hai jaise- yaza-pratiSThA kA moha nahIM rakhanA, ahaMkAra ko miTA denA, svacchanda vRtti ko saMyamita rakhanA, guru kI AjJAnusAra AcaraNa karanA, yaha saba vinaya kI paribhASA meM samAviSTa hote haiN|102 svarUpataH vinaya eka kaThora manonuzAsana hai, AtmasaMyama kI ArAdhanA hai, indriya vijaya kI sAdhanA hai| Agama granthoM meM vinaya tapa ke bheda-prabhedoM kI vizada carcA kI gayI hai, unakA adhyayana karane se yaha bAta spaSTa ho jAtI hai ki vinaya mAtra eka sadvyavahAra nahIM hai pratyuta vaha AtmA kA durlabha guNa hai| usakI prApti ke lie saMyama, anuzAsana evaM RjutA bhAvoM kI sAdhanA karanI par3atI hai| isI dRSTi se vinaya ko tapa kA sthAna diyA gayA hai| prakAra- bhagavatIsUtra103 sthAnAMgasUtra104 aupapAtikasUtra 05 Adi meM vinaya sAta prakAra kA batAyA gayA hai - 1. jJAna vinaya 2. darzanavinaya 3. cAritravinaya 4. manavinaya 5. vacanavinaya 6. kAyavinaya aura 7. aupcaarikviny| 1. jJAna vinaya - matijJAna, zrutajJAna Adi pAMca jJAnoM ke prati bhakti bahumAna ke bhAva rakhanA jJAna vinaya hai athavA jinhoMne ina jJAnoM ke mAdhyama se bhAvoM ko dekhA hai, tattva ko jAnA hai, una jJAniyoM ke prati zraddhAbhAva rakhanA jJAnavinaya hai|106 jJAnavinaya pAMca prakAra kA batalAyA gayA hai - (i) matijJAnavinaya, (ii) zrutajJAnavinaya, (iii) avadhijJAnavinaya, (iv) manaHparyavajJAnavinaya, (v) kevljnyaanviny| 2. darzana vinaya- samyakdarzI gurujanoM kA sammAna karanA, sevA karanA evaM samyaktva ke prati zraddhA rakhanA darzana vinaya hai| Agama granthoM meM darzana vinaya ke do prakAra nirUpita haiM - (i) zuzruSA vinaya aura (ii) anAzAtanA viny|107 (i) zuzruSA vinaya - yaha vinaya aneka prakAra se kiyA jAtA hai| yathA - abhyutthAna - gurujanoM yA guNIjanoM ke Ane para bahumAnArtha khar3e honaa| AsanAbhigraha - guru jahA~ baiThanA cAhe vahA~ athavA unake baiThane yogya sthAna para Asana rkhnaa| Asana pradAna - gurujanoM ko Asana denaa| isI taraha guruoM kA

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...63 sammAna karanA, vidhi pUrvaka vandana karanA, unake samakSa karabaddha natamastaka yukta khar3e rahanA, Ate hue gurujanoM ke sAmane jAnA, jAte hue gurujanoM ko pahuMcAne jAnA Adi zuzruSAvinaya hai| ___ (ii) anAzAtanA vinaya - deva, guru, dharma kI avahelanA ho vaisA vyavahAra nahIM karanA anAzAtanAvinaya hai| isa vinaya ke paiMtAlIsa prakAra haiM - 1. arihantoM kI AzAtanA nahIM karanA 2. tIrthaGkaroM dvArA prarUpita dharma kI AzAtanA nahIM karanA 3. AcAryoM kI AzAtanA nahIM karanA 4. upAdhyAyoM kI AzAtanA nahIM karanA 5. sthaviroM- jJAnavRddha, cAritravRddha, vayovRddha zramaNoM kI AzAtanA nahIM karanA 6. kula kI AzAtanA nahIM karanA 7. gaNa kI AzAtanA nahIM karanA 8. saMgha kI AzAtanA nahIM karanA 9. kriyAvAn kI AzAtanA nahIM karanA 10. sAMyogika- jisake sAtha vandana, bhojana Adi pArasparika vyavahAra ho usa gaccha ke zramaNa yA zramaNI kI AzAtanA nahIM krnaa| 11-15. mati Adi pAMca jJAnoM kI AzAtanA nahIM karanA anAzAtanA vinaya hai| arhata anAzAtanA ke tIna prakAra haiM-108 1. bhakti karanA 2. bahamAna karanA 3. guNotkIrtana krnaa| isI prakAra pratyeka ke sAtha tIna kA guNana karane para (15x3) anAzAtanA vinaya ke paiMtAlIsa bheda hote haiN| 3. cAritra vinaya- cAritraniSTha gurujanoM yA pUjyajanoM kA bahumAna karanA cAritravinaya hai| cAritra kA vinaya pAMca prakAra se kiyA jA sakatA hai ata: isa vinaya ke pAMca bheda haiM-109 (i) sAmAyikacAritra-vinaya (ii) chedopasthApanIyacAritravinaya (iii) parihAravizuddhicAritra-vinaya (iv) sUkSmasamparAyacAritra-vinaya (v) ythaakhyaatcaaritr-viny| ukta pAMca prakAra ke cAritradhArI AtmAoM ke prati Adara bhAva Adi rakhanA cAritra-vinaya hai| 4. mana vinaya- mana para anuzAsana rakhanA manovinaya hai| yaha vinaya do prakAra kA kahA gayA hai-110 (i) prazasta manovinaya (ii) aprazasta mnoviny| (i) prazasta manovinaya- manas kendra ko pavitra, nirdoSa, akriya (duSTa kriyArahita), aklezakAraka, akaTuka (madhura), aniSThura (komala), aparuSa (snigdha), achedakara, abhedakara, abhUtopaghAtika (ahiMsaka) vicAroM se bhAvita rakhanA prazasta manovinaya hai|

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64...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka (ii) aprazasta manovinaya - uparyukta vicAroM se ThIka viparIta sadoSa, sakriya, klezakAraka, chedakara, bhedakara Adi se mana ko bhAvita karanA aprazasta manovinaya hai| 5. vacana vinaya- vANI para saMyama rakhanA, vacana vinaya hai| yaha vinaya bhI pUrvavata do prakAra kA batAyA gayA hai|11- (i) prazastavacana-vinaya (ii) aprshstvcn-viny| prazasta-aprazasta mana kI bhA~ti hI prazasta-aprazasta vacana samajhanA caahie| jaise mana sundara aura sukhakArI hotA hai usI taraha vacana bhI madhura evaM priya hone caahie| 6. kAyavinaya- AcArya Adi gamanAgamana yA vAcanA Adi dene se parizrAnta ho jAyeM, usa samaya unheM sira se paira taka dabAnA athavA upayogapUrvaka zArIrika pravRtti karanA kAya vinaya hai| kAya-vinaya bhI do prakAra kA batalAyA gayA hai| 12- (i) prazastakAya-vinaya (ii) aprshstkaay-viny| (i) prazastakAya-vinaya - sAvadhAnIpUrvaka calanA, sAvadhAnIpUrvaka baiThanA, sAvadhAnIpUrvaka khar3e honA Adi samasta pravRttiyA~ jAgarukatApUrvaka karanA prazastakAya-vinaya hai| (ii) aprazastakAya-vinaya - zarIra-sambandhI samasta pravRttiyoM ko anupayogapUrvaka karanA, aprazastakAya-vinaya hai| 7. lokopacAra vinaya- lokavyavahAra meM pracalita vinaya aupacArika kahalAtA hai| isake sAta prakAra haiN| 13 - (i) abhyAsavRttitA - sadA AcArya ke samIpa rahanA (ii) chandAnuvRttitA - AcArya Adi pUjyajanoM ke. abhiprAya kA anuvartana karanA (iii) kAryanimittakaraNa - vidyA Adi kArya kI siddhi ke lie AcArya yA jinase vidyA prApta kI jA rahI hai unake citta ko prasanna rakhanA (iv) kRta pratikriyA - apane prati kiye gaye upakAroM ke lie kRtajJatA anubhava karate hue sevA-paricaryA karanA (v) duHkha kI gaveSaNA - rugNatA, vRddhAvasthA se pIr3ita gurujanoM kI sAra-samhAla karanA tathA auSadhi Adi dvArA sevA karanA (vi) dezakAlajJatA - deza tathA kAla ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue aisA AcaraNa karanA, jisase apanA mUla lakSya vyAhata na ho (vii) sarvArthaanulomatA - saba

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...65 prakAra ke prayojanoM kI siddhi ke lie anukUla vartana karanA yaha- lokopacAra vinaya hai| vinaya ke anya prakAra- dazavaikAlikaniyukti meM vinaya ke do prakAra nirdiSTa haiM - (i) grahaNavinaya-jJAnAtmakavinaya, (ii) aasevnaaviny-kriyaatmkviny|114 vizeSAvazyakabhASya meM vinaya ke pA~ca prakAra batAye gaye haiN|15 (i) lokopacAra vinaya- mAtA-pitA, adhyApaka Adi kA vinaya karanA (ii) artha vinaya - dhana Adi arjita karane ke lie seTha, mainejara Adi kA vinaya karanA (iii) kAma vinaya - kAmavAsanA kI pUrti hetu strI Adi kI prazaMsA karanA (iv) bhaya vinaya- aparAdha hone para adhikArI vyakti kA vinaya karanA (v) mokSa vinaya - AtmakalyANa hetu sadguru Adi kA vinaya krnaa| ukta cAra prakAra ke vinaya meM sAMsArika icchA pUrti kI pradhAnatA hai aura antima mokSa vinaya meM ekAnta nirjarA kA bhAva hai| mahattva - jaina saMskRti meM vinaya ko dharma kA mUla batAyA gayA hai| isase pramANita hotA hai ki vinaya hamAre samasta jIvana vyavahAra evaM dhArmika AcaraNoM kI mUla pRSThabhUmi hai| vyAvahArika aura AdhyAtmika jIvana vinaya ke AdhAra para hI TikA haA hai| vinaya se rahita vyavahAra dharma kA pAlana bhI nahIM ho sktaa| AcArya haribhadra ne vinaya mahimA kA saMgAna karate hue kahA hai116- vinaya jinazAsana (dvAdazAGga) kA mUla hai, vinIta hI saMyama kI ArAdhanA kara sakatA haiM jo vinaya se zUnya hai vaha kaise dharma kI ArAdhanA kara sakatA hai aura kaise tapa kI? isakA sArAMza yaha hai ki vinIta hI dharma, tapa va saMyama kI ArAdhanA kara sakatA hai| AcArya zayyaMbhavasUri likhate haiM ki dharma kA mUla vinaya hai aura usakA parama phala mokSa hai| vinaya ke dvArA sAdhaka kIrti, prazaMsA, zruta aura samasta iSTa tattvoM ko prApta karatA hai|117 bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA hai jo vinIta guNoM ko prApta karatA hai usakI saMsAra meM kIrti, yaza evaM pratiSThA bar3hatI hai|118 vinayazIla ko vizva ke samasta guNa, samasta vidyAe~ aura sabhI sampattiyA~ svayaM Akara prApta karatI haiN| vidyA vinayaguNa ko pAkara svayaM ko vaise hI alaMkRta samajhatI hai| jaise suzIla kanyA satpuruSa kA varaNa kara svayaM ko suzobhita mAnatI hai| isIlie zAstroM meM kahA gayA hai ki - "vivattI

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66...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka aviNIyassa saMpattI viNiyassa y|" avinIta ko saba vipattiyA~ ghere rahatI hai aura suvinIta ko saba smpttiyaaN|119 vinaya kI mahimA meM isase bar3hakara yaha bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki jJAnI kA vinaya karane se saMgha meM jJAna kA abhivarddhana hotA hai, jJAna kA Adara hotA hai| darzana vinaya kA AcaraNa karane se vyakti ziSTa, sabhya evaM sadvyavahArI banatA hai| sthAnAMgasUtra meM vidyAdAna ke tIna adhikAriyoM meM eka vinIta mAnA gayA hai|120 avinIta ko vidyA denA bhI aparAdha mAnA gayA hai| isakA artha yaha hai ki avinIta jIvana meM sadguNa prApta nahIM kara sktaa| sadguNa evaM sadjJAna prApti ke lie vinayazIla bananA paramAvazyaka hai| eka jagaha kahA hai - "vinayAyattAzca guNAH sarve' samasta guNa vinaya ke adhIna rahate haiN| isase bhI bar3hakara likhA gayA hai - "sakalaguNa bhUSA ca vinyH|" samasta guNoM kA zrRMgAra vinaya hI hai| __ sAra rUpa meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki jaise pRthvI samasta jIvoM kA AdhAra hai vaise hI samasta sadguNoM kA AdhAra vinaya hai|121 jaise candana kI mahimA sugandha se hai, candramA kA gaurava saumyatA se hai, amRta kA mahattva madhuratA se hai vaise hI manuSya kA gaurava vinaya guNa ke kAraNa hai|122 3. vaiyAvRttya tapa ____ yaha Abhyantara tapa kA tIsarA bheda hai| vaiyAvRttya kA pracalita artha hai - sevA, shushrussaa| ___TIkAkAroM ke abhimatAnusAra dharma-sAdhanA meM sahayoga karane ke lie saMyamI ko zuddha, AhAra, auSadha Adi pradAna karanA tathA usake anya kAryoM meM sahayoga denA vaiyAvRtya kahalAtA hai|123 ... sIdhe zabdoM meM kaheM to gurujanoM yA pUjyajanoM ke Avazyaka kAryoM ko yoga pUrvaka sampanna karanA vaiyAvRtya kahalAtA hai| nizcaya dRSTi se tIrthaGkara paramAtmA kI AjJA kA anusaraNa karanA, vaiyAvRtya hai| zAstroM meM spaSTa zabdoM meM kahA gayA hai "ANAe dhammo ANAe tavo" arthAta AjJA hI dharma hai aura AjJA hI tapa hai| ata: vAstava meM paramAtma patha kA anugamana karanA hI vaiyAvRtya hai| yahA~ prazna hotA hai ki vaiyAvRtya kauna kara sakatA hai ? pratyeka mAnava ke

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...67 lie yaha kArya sahaja sambhava nahIM hai kyoMki isa tapa-sAdhanA meM mana, vacana aura kAyA tInoM ko juTAnA hotA hai| isakA samAdhAna karate hue bhASyakAroM ne kahA hai ki jo vyakti AlasI, bahubhojI, nidrAlu, tapasvI, krodhI, ahaMkArI, mAyAvI, lobhI, kutUhalapriya aura sUtra-artha meM pratibaddha ho use sevA kArya meM niyojita nahIM karanA cAhie; kintu jo uparyukta doSoM se mukta hai, gItArtha hai, zIla aura AcAra kA jJAtA hai, gurubhakta hai, bAhya upacAra ko jAnatA hai, vaha vaiyAvRtya karane kA adhikArI hai|124 isa varNana se siddha hotA hai ki yaha eka duSkara tapa hai| isa tapa kI ArAdhanA apramatta sAdhaka hI kara sakatA hai| prakAra- yahA~ punaH prazna uThatA hai ki duniyA~ meM to ananta prANI haiM, kintu tapArAdhanA kI dRSTi se kinakI sevA-zuzruSA karanI cAhie, jisase zAzvata phala kI prApti kI jA sake? jainAcAryoM ne isa sambandha meM apanA mantavya prastuta karate hue vaiyAvRtya ke yogya dasa prakAra batalAye haiN| sAmAnyatayA prANimAtra kI sevA karanA, pratyeka jIva ko samAdhi pahuMcAnA jaina dharma kA lakSya hai, kintu yaha vizAla lakSya tabhI saphala ho sakatA hai, jaba pahale hama apane nikaTatama vyaktiyoM ke prati sevA bhAva ko kriyAnvita kreN| parivAra yA par3osI ko kaSTadAyaka sthiti meM chor3akara vizva sevA kI bAta karanA, eka prakAra se sevA kI viDambanA hai| isalie jaina dharma kA Adarza hai ki sevA kA prArambha apane jIvana ke nikaTatama sahayogiyoM, apane upakAriyoM evaM sAdharmIjanoM se karanI caahie| isa dRSTi se sevA ke dasa sthAna kahe gaye haiM, jo nimna haiM - ___1. AcArya 2. upAdhyAya 3. sthavira 4. tapasvI 5. rogI 6. navIna dIkSita muni 7. kula (eka AcArya ke ziSyoM kA samudAya) 8. gaNa (eka se adhika AcAryoM ke ziSyoM kA samudAya) 9. saMgha (kaI gaNoM kA samUha) 10. sAdharmika (samAna dharma vAle muni yA gRhsth)|125 ina dasa ko AvazyakatA hone para AhAra Adi karavAnA, zayanapaTTa kI vyavasthA karanA, Asana denA, unake upadhi kI pratilekhanA karanA, unake pA~va poMchanA, rugNa hone para nirdoSa auSadhi kA prabandha karanA, atyanta vRddha yA asamartha ko calane, baiThane va uThAne meM sahArA denA, aglAna bhAva se mala-mUtrAdi sApha krnaa| isa taraha jise jisa prakAra ke sevA

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68...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka kI AvazyakatA ho, use tadyogya sevA se lAbhAnvita karanA vaiyAvRtya kahA jAtA hai| vaiyAvRtya kI vidhi - sevA eka virAT dharma hai, isakA artha atyanta vyApaka hai, isakI vidhi bahuta sUkSma hai| hara vyakti isa dharma kA nirvAha samyak rUpa se nahIM kara sakatA hai| isake lie sarvaprathama viveka kA honA Avazyaka hai| jaise ki amuka vyakti ko yaha jarUrata hai, amuka vyakti ke lie isa prakAra kA sevA kArya Avazyaka hai, amuka vyakti mere bolane mAtra se santuSTa yA svastha ho sakatA hai aadi| yaha nahIM ki prasaMga kI AvazyakatA kucha aura hI ho aura sevA kucha anya prakAra se kI jaaye| pUrvAcAryoM ne samaya ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue sevA ke aneka rUpa batalAye haiM jaise - pUrvokta dasa ko jarUrata hone para AhAra denA, pAnI denA, saMstAraka denA, Asana bichAnA, gurujanoM ke lie unake yogya sAmagrI juTAnA, rugNa muniyoM ke lie davA Adi kA prabandha karanA, kisI ne aparAdha kara liyA ho to usakI vizuddhi krvaanaa| isa taraha sevA kI kaI vidhiyA~ hai|126 sevA-vidhi kA dUsarA niyama yaha hai ki sevA karate vakta sevAbhAvI ke mana meM rogI ke prati ghRNA yA glAni nahIM honI cAhie, kyoMki yadi rugNa usa sthiti se paricita ho jAye to use zAnti ke sthAna para mAnasika azAnti ho sakatI hai| sevA-vidhi kA tIsarA niyama yaha hai ki sevA karane vAlA svayaM ko hIna evaM asahAya na smjhe| vaha prasannacitta yoga se isa kRtya kA nirvAha kre| sevA-vidhi kA sarvocca niyama hai ki vaha binA kisI svArtha yA apekSA pUrti ke manobhAva se kI jaaye| yathArtha sevA meM kisI taraha ke pratiphala kI bhAvanA kA udvega hI nahIM hotaa| zAstroM meM nandiSeNa muni kI sevA Adarza rUpa mAnI gayI hai| unake jIvana caritra meM sevA ke vividha AyAma dekhane-sunane ko milate haiN| mahattva- jaina dharma meM sevA karma ko atyadhika mahattva diyA gayA hai| isa tapokarma ke pIche mukhyata: "parasparopagraho jIvAnAm' kI bhAvanA chupI huI hai| sAmAnyatayA prANimAtra meM hI paraspara upakAra kI bhAvanA rahatI hai| AcArya umAsvAti ne jIva kA lakSaNa yahI batalAyA hai| ve tattvArthasUtra meM kahate haiM127 "parasparopagraho jIvAnAm' arthAta jIvoM meM paraspara eka-dUsare kA sahayoga va upakAra karane kI vRtti rahatI hai| eka-dUsare ke sahayoga ke binA koI jIvita nahIM

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...69 raha sktaa| yaha vRtti choTe se choTe jIvoM meM bhI dekhI jA sakatI hai| jaisecITiyA~ dala banAkara calatI haiM, madhumakkhiyoM kA saMgaThana to vizva prasiddha hai, unameM rAjA aura rAnI bhI hote haiN| madhumakkhiyoM ke ArakSakoM kA kathana hai ki unameM mAnava kI bhA~ti hI rAjavyavasthA hotI hai| vanoM meM pazuoM ke bhI bar3e-bar3e jhuNDa hote haiN| pakSIgaNa bhI samUha meM rahate haiM aura eka-dUsare kA sahayoga bhI karate haiN| kahane kA artha yaha hai ki sevA pratyeka prANI kA nijI dharma hai, Avazyaka kartavya hai| isa karttavya kI paripAlanA se pArivArika jagata ho yA sAmAjika, bhautika jagata ho yA AdhyAtmika aparikalpita U~cAiyoM ko chuA jA sakatA hai| ata: jJAniyoM ne ise 'tapa' kI zreNI meM sthAna diyA hai| __ isa tapo dharma kA sarvAdhika mahattva yaha hai ki isase tIrthaGkara nAma gotra karma kA upArjana hotA hai| isa vizva meM do pada sarvotkRSTa haiM- bhautika aizvarya kI dRSTi se cakravartI kA aura AdhyAtmika aizvarya kI dRSTi se tIrthaGkara kaa| cakravartI vizva kA sabase bar3A samrATa hotA hai aura tIrthaGkara vizva ke advitIya puruSa hote haiN| eka bAra bhagavAna mahAvIra se gautama prabhu ne prazna kiyA ki vaiyAvRtya ke dvArA AtmA ko kisa phala kI prApti hotI hai ? bhagavAna ne uttara diyA - __ "veyAvacceNa titthayara nAma goyaM kammaMnibaMdheI" vaiyAvRtya karane se AtmA tIrthaGkara nAma gotra karma kA bandhana karatI hai|128 jJAtAdharmakathAsUtra meM tIrthaGkara karmopArjana ke bIsa upAya batAye gaye haiN| unameM ATha kAraNa to sevA se hI sambandhita hai|129 isase spaSTa hotA hai ki dharmArAdhanA ke kSetra meM sevA kA kitanA bar3A mahattva hai| inhIM bIsa sthAnoM ko digambara AcAryoM ne solaha kAraNa bhAvanAe~ batAI haiM aura unameM bhI vaiyAvRtya, vinaya evaM vatsalatA kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke putra bharata aura bAhubalI ke jIvana caritra se yaha bhI spaSTa hotA hai ki sevA se lokottara bala va laukika vaibhava kI prApti bhI sahaja hotI hai| ___ uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM vaiyAvRtya kA phala batAte hue kahA gayA hai ki guru aura sAdharmika kI zuzruSA se jIva vinaya ko prApta karatA hai| vinaya prApti se guru kA avinaya yA parivAda nahIM hotA, usake pariNAmasvarUpa vaha naraka gati, tiryaJca gati tathA manuSya aura deva-sambandhI durgati kA nirodha karatA hai, pUjyoM kI bhakti,

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70...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka prazaMsA aura bahumAna ke dvArA sahagati kA sarjana karatA hai| sAtha hI vinayamUlaka saba prazasta kAryoM ko siddha karatA hai aura dUsare aneka vyaktiyoM ko vinaya patha para agrasara karatA hai|130 oghaniyuktikAra ne kahA hai ki jo muni AhAra, auSadhi, upadhi Adi ke dvArA sAdhuoM kI vaiyAvRtya karatA hai, vaha lAbhAMtarAya karma ko kSINa karatA hai| vaha pAda prakSAlana, mardana Adi sevA-kAryoM se sAdhuoM kI cittasamAdhi meM yogabhUta banatA hai tathA svayaM sarva samAdhi ko prApta karatA hai|131 jaina paramparA meM glAna sevA para sabase adhika jora diyA gayA hai| prasaMga AtA hai ki eka bAra gaNadhara gautama ne bhagavAn mahAvIra se pUchA ki eka sAdhaka rAta-dina Apake caraNoM meM upasthita hai aura dUsarA sAdhaka rogI, vRddha, tapasvI Adi kI sevA karatA hai to ina donoM meM zreSTha kauna? taba prabhu ne kahA132_ jo gilANaM paDiyarai, so maM paDiarati / jo maM paDiarati, so gilANaM paDiyarati / / jo glAna kI sevA karatA hai vahI vAstava meM zreSTha hai, kyoMki vaha merI sevA karatA hai| jo merI sevA karatA hai vaha glAna kI sevA karatA hai| yahA~ sevA kA tAtparya AjJA se hai| yaha sunakara gautamasvAmI ko parama Azcarya haa| ve socane lage - kahA~ eka ora vizvavandya arihanta paramAtmA kI sevA bhakti aura kahA~ dUsarI ora eka rugNa sAdhu kI paricaryA? donoM meM mahAn antara hone para bhI bhagavAn apanI sevA bhakti se bhI bar3hakara rogI kI sevA ko mahattva de rahe haiM isakA kAraNa kyA ? gautama svAmI ne puna: pUchA to prabhu ne javAba diyA - gautama! zarIra kI sevA kA koI mUlya nahIM hotA, mUlya hotA hai AjJAnusAra pravRtti karane kaa| zAstra vacana hai "ANArAhaNaM khu jiNANaM' jinezvara paramAtmA kI AjJA kA pAlana krnaa| yahI sabase bar3A dharma aura sabase bar3I sevA hai| - saMkSepa meM sevA kA apratipAti lAbha hai| isalie uttama guNoM se yukta sAdhuoM kI vaiyAvRtya avazya karanI caahie| 4. svAdhyAya tapa __ zruta granthoM kA adhyayana-adhyApana karanA svAdhyAya kahalAtA hai| jaina TIkAkAroM ne svAdhyAya zabda ke bhinna-bhinna nirUkta artha kiye haiN| sthAnAMgaTIkA meM svAdhyAya kI paribhASA karate hue batAyA gayA hai ki

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...71 "suSThu A maryAdayA adhIyate iti svAdhyAyaH"- sata zAstroM kA maryAdA (vidhi) pUrvaka adhyayana karanA svAdhyAya hai|133 ___AvazyakaTIkA ke anusAra "adhyayanaM adhyAyaH zobhano adhyAyaH svAdhyAyaH" zreSTha adhyayana kA nAma svAdhyAya hai|134 kucha vidvAnoM ne svAdhyAya zabda kI vyatpatti karate hae batalAyA hai - "sva sva svasmin adhyAyaH-adhyayanaM svAdhyAyaH" svayaM ke dvArA svayaM kA adhyayana karanA, Atmacintana karanA svAdhyAya hai|135 AvazyakacUrNi ke anusAra svAdhyAya zrutadharmarUpa hai tathA sAmAyika se dvAdazAMgaparyanta AgamoM kA parizIlana karanA svAdhyAya hai|136 TIkAkAra zAntyAcArya ne svAdhyAya kA nirUkta karate hue kahA hai ki "pravacanaM zrutamityarthastaddharmaH svAdhyAyaH" arthAta pravacana kA artha zruta hai usa zrutadharma kA AcaraNa karanA svAdhyAya hai|137 ina paribhASAoM ke AdhAra para kahA jA sakatA hai ki svayaM kA cintana karanA evaM samyak zAstroM kA adhyayana karanA svAdhyAya hai| prakAra- jainAgamoM meM svAdhyAya ke pAMca rUpa batAye gaye haiM jo nimna haiM-138 1. vAcanA - AcArya yA sadguru ke mukha se sUtra-pATha grahaNa kara yathAvata usakA uccAraNa karanA aura sUtra Adi kA artha sunanA evaM jAnanA vAcanA kahalAtA hai| 2. pRcchanA - ajJAta viSaya kI jAnakArI hetu yA jJAta viSaya kI vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie prazna karanA, sUtra-artha para cintana-manana karanA evaM anirNIta viSayoM kA samAdhAna pAnA, pRcchanA svAdhyAya hai| 3. parivartanA - paricita yA kaNThastha sUtroM evaM viSayoM ko sthira rakhane ke lie use bAra-bAra doharAnA, parivartanA svAdhyAya hai| isa svAdhyAya ko apanAne se adhIta jJAna vismRta nahIM hotaa| 4. anuprekSA - paricita, kaNThastha evaM sthira sUtra-arthAdi kA tAttvika dRSTi se gambhIra cintana karanA, anuprekSA svAdhyAya hai| isa svAdhyAya se jJAna kI sUkSmatA bar3hatI hai aura usake navIna rahasya udghATita hote haiN| phalata: svAdhyAya ruci evaM zraddhA pragAr3ha hotI hai|

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72...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka 5. dharmakathA - vAcanA gRhIta pRcchanA Adi dvArA paryAlocita evaM anuprekSA dvArA sthirIkRtaviSaya kA upadeza karanA dharmakathA svAdhyAya hai| svAdhyAya kA antima bheda madhumakkhI kI prakriyA jaisA hai| madhumakkhI vividha raMgoM ke suvAsita phUloM kA rasa letI hai, kintu apanI sAmarthya se vaha isa prakAra kA saMtulana sthApita karatI hai ki una rasoM meM se nirmita madhu vividha prakAra kA nahIM hotA, usake raMga aura usakI madhuratA meM sAdRzya hotA hai usI prakAra dharmakathA meM isase pUrva ke vAcanA Adi prakAroM kA nicor3a hotA hai aura vaha svapara kalyANa meM hitakArI banatA hai| svAdhyAya ke niyama - anubhavI sAdhakoM ne svAdhyAya ke kucha niyama batalAye haiM jinake paripAlana se svAdhyAya Atmastha evaM mokSa phaladAyI hotA hai| ve niyama isa prakAra haiM139 (i) ekAgratA - zruta zAstroM kA adhyayana karate samaya mana kI ekAgratA honA atyAvazyaka hai| mAnasika yA kAyika caMcalatA se sUtrArtha hRdayaMgama nahIM ho sakatA hai| ___(ii) nairantarya - svAdhyAya niyamita karanA cAhie, aniyamita svAdhyAya se zAstrajJAna na pariNata hotA hai aura na hI sthira banatA hai| (ii) viSayoparati - svAdhyAya karate vakta cittavRtti ko viSaya-vAsanA va kaSAya-kAmanA se uparata rakhanA cAhie, tabhI zAstra pATha dhAraNA rUpa hote haiN| (iv) utsAha - svAdhyAya ke daramyAna sAdhaka ke bhItara AtmavizvAsa kA yaha nirantara dIpaka prajvalita rahanA cAhie ki merI antara AtmA meM zAzvata prakAza prasarita ho rahA hai, zubha saMkalpa phalIbhUta ho rahA hai| (v) sthAna - svAdhyAya hetu zAnta, ekAnta evaM svaccha sthAna honA jarUrI hai| . isI taraha svAdhyAyI alpanidrAlu, alpabhASI, sAttvika, AhArasevI Adi kaI guNoM se samanvita honA caahie| mahattva - Abhyantara tapa meM svAdhyAya kA caturtha sthAna hai, kintu isakA mUlya vividha dRSTiyoM se svIkArA gayA hai| jisa prakAra daihika vikAsa ke lie vyAyAma aura bhojana Avazyaka hai, usI prakAra Atma pariSkAra evaM bauddhika vikAsa ke lie svAdhyAya jarUrI hai| eka vicAraka ke anusAra "pustakeM jJAniyoM

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...73 kI jIvita samAdhi hai|" satazAstroM ke adhyayana se jIvana carama lakSya taka pahuMca jAtA hai| nItivAkya meM ise tIsarA netra kahA gayA hai|140 bhagavAna mahAvIra ne uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA hai ki___ "sajjhAevA niutteNa savvadukkhavimokkhaNo" svAdhyAya karate rahane se samasta duHkhoM se mukti milatI hai tathA janmajanmAntaroM meM saJcita hue karma naSTa ho jAte haiN|141 svAdhyAya se jIva jJAnAvaraNIya karma ko kSINa karatA hai|142 isase ajJAnarUpI andhakAra kA vilaya hotA hai aura zAzvata satya kA darzana hotA hai| candraprajJapti Agama meM bhI svAdhyAya phala ke sambandha meM yahI bAta kahI gayI hai ki isase aneka bhavoM meM saJcita duSkarma kSaNabhara meM naSTa ho jAte haiN|143 ___ jainAgamoM meM to svAdhyAya ko sabase bar3A tapa batalAte hue itanA taka kahA hai ki "na vi asthi na vi a hohI sajjhAya samaM tavokamma" arthAta svAdhyAya svayaM meM eka adbhuta tapa hai| isa tapa kI samAnatA karane vAlA na atIta meM koI tapa huA hai, na vartamAna meM hai aura na bhaviSya meM kabhI hogaa|144 svAdhyAya ke pAMca prakAroM kA mahattva darzAte hue uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki vAcanA se muni ziSyoM ko zruta dene meM pravRtta hotA hai aura zrutadharma ke avalambana se saMsAra va karmoM kA anta karatA hai| pRcchanA nAmaka svAdhyAya se jIva sUtra, artha aura una donoM se sambandhita sandehoM kA nirAkaraNa karatA hai aura kAMkSA mohanIya karma kA vinAza karatA hai| parAvartanA svAdhyAya se yaha AtmA smRta ko paripakva aura vismRta ko yAda karatA hai tathA vyaJjanalabdhi ko prApta karatA hai| anuprekSA svAdhyAya se yaha jIva karma ke gAr3ha bandhana ko zithila karatA hai, dIrghakAlIna karma-sthiti kA alpIkaraNa karatA hai, tIvra karma-vipAka manda ho jAte haiM, pradeza-parimANa ko nyUna karatA hai, asAtA vedanIya karma ke upacaya kA abhAva hotA hai aura saMsAra ghaTatA jAtA hai| dharmakathA svAdhyAya se jIva karmoM ko kSINa karatA huA pravacana kI prabhAvanA karatA hai aura kalyANakArI phala dene vAle karmoM kA arjana karatA hai|145 isase bhI bar3hakara muni jaise-jaise apUrva aura atizaya rasayukta zruta kA avagAhana karatA hai vaise-vaise saMvega ke naye-naye srota upalabdha hote haiM, jisase use apUrva Ananda kA anubhava hotA hai|146 dazavaikAlikasUtra meM vinaya, zruta,

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74... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka tapa evaM AcAra aise cAra samAdhi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai unameM zruta samAdhi kA sthAna dvitIya hai| isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki zruta samAdhi hone para hI tapa aura AcAra samAdhi ho sakatI hai aura binA svAdhyAya ke zruta samAdhi nahIM ho sktii|147 sthAnAMgasUtra meM svAdhyAya kA mAhAtmya darzAte hue nirdiSTa kiyA hai ki 1. svAdhyAya se zruta kA saMgraha hotA hai 2. ziSya zrutajJAna se upakRta hotA hai 3. jJAna ke pratibandhita karma nirjarita hote haiM 4. abhyasta zruta vizeSa rUpa se sthira hotA hai| 148 AcArya akalaMka ne pUrva sandarbhoM kA samarthana karate hue kahA hai ki 1. svAdhyAya se buddhi nirmala hotI hai 2. prazasta adhyavasAya kI prApti hotI hai 3. saMzaya kA unmUlana hotA hai 4. paravAdiyoM kI zaMkAoM ke nirasana kI zakti prApta hotI hai 5. tapa-tyAga kI vRddhi hotI hai aura 6. aticAroM kI zuddhi hotI hai| 149 vaidika granthoM meM bhI svAdhyAya ko tapa kI koTi meM rakhate hue kahA gayA hai ki " tapohi svAdhyAyaH / "150 vahA~ "svAdhyAyAn mA pramadaH " aisA upadeza vacana bhI kahA gayA hai isalie svAdhyAya meM kabhI pramAda nahIM karanA caahie| 151 jaise dIvAra kI bArabAra ghuTAI karane se vaha cikanI ho jAtI hai phira usake sAmane jo bhI pratibimba AtA hai vaha usameM jhalakane lagatA hai vaise hI svAdhyAya se mana itanA nirmala evaM pAradarzI bana jAtA hai ki zAstroM kA rahasya usameM pratibimbita hone laga jAtA hai| AcArya pataJjali ne to itanA taka kahA hai ki "svAdhyAyAdiSTa devatA saMprayogaH " svAdhyAya se iSTa devatA kA sAkSAtkAra hotA hai| 152 yahA~ svAdhyAya ko japa ke rUpa meM liyA gayA hai| yadi svAdhyAya ke samyak pariNAmoM ke viSaya meM cintana karate haiM to parijJAta hotA hai ki svAdhyAya se sadvicAroM kA AvirbhAva hotA hai, satasaMskAra jAgRta hote haiM, prAcIna jJAna-vijJAna kI upalabdhi hotI hai, pUrvAcAryoM kA anubhavajanya jJAna sahaja rUpa se AtmasAta hotA hai, Atmika yogyatA vikasita hotI hai, jaise agni se svarNa kI malinatA dUra hotI hai vaise hI svAdhyAya se mana kA mAlinya dUra hotA hai, samyagdarzana kI zuddhi aura cAritra kI saMvRddhi hotI hai|

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...75 5. dhyAna tapa dhyAna zabda 'dhyeya cintAyAm' dhAtu se niSpanna hai| zabdotpatti kI dRSTi se dhyAna kA artha cintana hai, kintu paramparA prApta artha kI dRSTi se dhyAna kA arthacitta ko eka viSaya para sthira karanA hai| AcArya umAsvAti ne dhyAna kA uktArtha nirUpita karate hue kahA hai - "ekAgracintA nirodho dhyAnam" ekAgra cintana pUrvaka mana, vANI aura kAyA kA nirodha karanA dhyAna hai|153 dhyAna kA sIdhA sA artha hai - mana kI ekaagrtaa| AcArya hemacandra ne pUrva matoM kA samarthana karate hue kahA hai ki "dhyAnaM tu viSaye tasminneka pratyaya saMtatiH" apane viSaya meM mana kA ekAgra ho jAnA dhyAna hai|154 AcArya bhadrabAhu ne bhI isI tathya ko puSTa karate hue likhA hai ki "cittassegaggayA havai jhANaM" citta ko kisI bhI viSaya para sthira karanA, ekAgra karanA dhyAna hai|155 jaina paramparAnusAra ina paribhASAoM kA gUDhArtha yaha hai ki kevala mana kI ekAgratA hI dhyAna nahIM hai apitu zarIra, vANI aura mana kI ekAgra pravRtti athavA niSpakampa sthiti dhyAna hai| zarIra aura vANI kI sthiratA hone para hI mana sthira hotA hai| caudahavA~ guNasthAnavI jIva zaileSIkaraNa meM kramaza: zarIra, vANI aura mana kA nirodha kara sarva karmoM se mukta banatA hai| __AcArya pataJjali ne mana kI ekAgratA ko hI dhyAna kahA hai|156 unhoMne ekAgratA aura nirodha ye donoM lakSaNa citta ke hI mAne haiN| visuddhimagga ke anusAra bhI dhyAna mAnasika ekAgratA se sambandhita hai,157 para jainAcAryoM kI isa sambandha meM pRthaka dhAraNA rahI hai| unhoMne dhyAna ko sirpha mAnasika na kahakara vAcika aura kAyika bhI mAnA hai| pataJjali ne jise samprajJAta samAdhi kahA hai, vaha jaina paribhASA meM zukladhyAna kA pUrva caraNa hai158 tathA jise asamprajJAta samAdhi kahA hai, use jaina paramparA meM zukladhyAna kA uttaracaraNa kahA hai|159 kevalajJAnI kA dhyAna nirodhAtmaka hotA hai, kintu chadmastha saMsArI jIvoM kA dhyAna ekAgratAtmaka aura nirodhAtmaka donoM prakAra ke hote haiN| yahA~ prazna hotA hai ki jaba mana, vacana aura kAyA tInoM yoga kI ekAgratA dhyAna hai taba granthoM meM 'mana kI ekAgratA' isa kathana para bala kyoM diyA gayA hai? jainAcAryoM ne citta ekAgratA, mAnasika ekAgratA jaise zabdoM ko hI pramukhatA kyoM dI? AcArya bhadrabAhu ne isa prazna kA samAdhAna dete hue kahA hai-160 zarIra meM

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76...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka vAta, pitta aura kapha ye tIna dhAtue~ haiN| inameM se jo pracura hotA hai, usI kA vyapadeza kiyA jAtA hai| jaise vAyu kupita hone para 'vAyu kupita hai' aisA kahA jAtA hai| usakA tAtparya yaha nahIM ki pitta aura zleSma ThIka hai| isI taraha mana kI ekAgratA dhyAna hai, yaha paribhASA bhI pradhAnatA ko saMlakSya meM rakhakara kI gayI hai| spaSTArtha hai ki mana sahita kAyA aura vANI ko jaba ekarUpatA milatI hai taba vaha pUrNa dhyAna kahalAtA hai| yahA~ dUsarA prazna yaha ubharatA hai ki yadi mana kA kisI viSaya meM sthira honA hI dhyAna hai to phira vyApArI, gRhiNI, kAmI puruSa, luTerA, adhyApaka Adi bhI apanI-apanI pravRtti meM magna rahate haiM, svayogya kArya ke samaya usameM dattacitta rahate haiM to usa sthiti ko bhI dhyAna hI kahanA hogA? ___ isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki vaha pApAtmaka cintana bhI dhyAna kI koTi meM hI AtA hai aura isIlie AcAryoM ne dhyAna ke do bheda kiye haiM- zubhadhyAna aura ashubhdhyaan| jaise gAya aura thUhara donoM kA dUdha sapheda hotA hai; kintu eka amRta aura dUsarA jahara kA kAma karatA hai| isI taraha dhyAna-dhyAna meM antara hai| eka zubha hotA hai aura eka ashubh| zubhadhyAna mokSa kA aura azubhadhyAna durgati kA janaka hai| prakAra - pUrvokta svarUpa ke anusAra dhyAna ke aneka bheda-prabheda kiye jA sakate haiN| eka-eka dhyAna ke asaMkhya sthAna haiN| saMsArI AtmA paiNDulam kI taraha ina sthAnoM meM Aroha-avaroha karatA rahatA hai| phira bhI mukhya rUpa se dhyAna ke do bheda nirUpita haiM - 1. prazastadhyAna aura 2. aprshstdhyaan| ye do dhyAna bhI zubha aura azubha kI dRSTi se do-do prakAra ke haiN| inameM dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna zubhadhyAna haiM tathA ArtadhyAna aura raudradhyAna azubha dhyAna haiN| ye cAroM dhyAna bhI cAra-cAra prakAra ke kahe gaye haiM, jo saMkSepa meM nimna prakAra haiM. 1. ArtadhyAna- ArtadhyAna cAra prakAra se hotA hai161 (i) aniSTa saMyoga - anacAhI vastu kA saMyoga hone para usase chuTakArA pAne ke lie satata cintA karanA ki yaha vastu yA vyakti kaba dUra hogA, jaisebhayaMkara garmI meM tar3aphanA Adi ArtadhyAna kahalAtA hai| (ii) iSTa viyoga - manacAhI vastu yA vyakti kA viyoga hone para use pAne ke lie cintA karanA, duHkhI honA ArtadhyAna kA dUsarA prakAra hai|

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...77 (iii) AtaMka samprayoga - zarIra meM rogAdi kaSTa Ane para usake pratikAra ke lie vyAkula rahanA tathA usase sadaiva mukta rahane hetu cintita rahanA roga nidAna nAma kA ArtadhyAna kahalAtA hai| ___ (iv) parijuSita kAmabhoga samprayoga - jo sukha sAmagriyA~ prApta huI haiM unheM surakSita rakhane kI cintA karanA, bhaviSya meM ve kabhI chUTa-bichur3a na jAyeM usa taraha ke upAya socanA, AgAmI janma meM ina bhautika sukhoM ko kaise prApta kara sakU isakA vicAra karanA Adi ArtadhyAna kA cauthA prakAra hai| isa ArtadhyAna meM bhaviSya cintA kI pramukhatA rahatI hai, ata: ise nidAna bhI mAnA gayA hai| ArtadhyAnI kI sthiti kA digdarzana karAne ke lie usake cAra lakSaNa batalAye gaye haiM-162 1. jora-jora se cillAnA 2. azrupUrNa A~khoM se dInatA dikhAnA 3. vilApa karanA 4. chAtI, sira Adi ko piittnaa| ArtadhyAna karane vAlA iSTa viyoga, aniSTa saMyoga, roga nidAna Adi paristhitiyoM meM rudana, ucca svara meM bhASaNa Adi pravRttiyA~ karatA hI hai| yaha ArtadhyAna avirata, dezavirata (zrAvaka) aura pramattasaMyata (chaThe guNasthAnavartI muni) ke hotA hai|163 2. raudradhyAna- jo dUsaroM ko rulAtA hai, vaha rudra hai| usa AtmA kI prANivadha Adi ke rUpa meM krUratAmaya pariNati raudradhyAna kahalAtA hai|164 ArttadhyAna meM dInatA, hInatA evaM zoka kI prabalatA rahatI hai paraMtu raudradhyAna meM krUratA evaM hiMsaka bhAvoM kI pradhAnatA hotI hai| ArtadhyAna prAya: AtmaghAtI hI hotA hai| raudradhyAna AtmaghAta ke sAtha parAghAta bhI karatA hai| raudradhyAna kI utpatti nimna cAra kAraNoM se hotI hai165_ ___ (i) hiMsAnubaMdhI - kisI ko mArane, pITane yA hatyA Adi karane ke sambandha meM vicAra karanA, gupta yojanAe~ banAne ke lie gaharA cintana karanA raudradhyAna kA prathama prakAra hai| ___(ii) mRSAnubaMdhI - dUsaroM ko Thagane, dhokhA dene, logoM ko gumarAha karane sambandhI cintana karanA, raudradhyAna kA dUsarA prakAra hai| (iii) steyAnubaMdhI - tIvra krodha aura lobha ke vazIbhUta hokara dUsare kI vastu apahRta karane kI icchA karanA, lUTa-khasoTa ke naye-naye upAya socate rahanA, steyAnubaMdhI raudradhyAna hai|

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78...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka (iv) viSayasaMrakSaNAnubaMdhI - jo dhana, vaibhava, pada, pratiSThA Adi sAdhana evaM bhoga vilAsa kI sAmagrI prApta huI hai usake saMrakSaNa kI cintA karanA, sabake prati zaMkAzIla honA raudradhyAna kA antima prakAra hai| raudradhyAna ke cAroM prakAra rAga-dveSa aura moha se Akula vyakti ke hote haiN| raudradhyAnI ke bhI kucha vizeSa lakSaNa hote haiN| dhyAnazataka meM pramukha cAra lakSaNa batalAye gaye haiM ve isa prakAra haiM1661. raudradhyAna ke ukta cAra prakAroM meM se kisI eka meM bahulatayA pravRtti karatA hai| 2. raudradhyAna ke sabhI prakAroM meM pravRtta rahatA hai| 3. hiMsA Adi adharma kAryoM meM dharma buddhi rakhakara unameM bAra-bAra pravRtta hotA hai| 4. maraNAnta taka hiMsA Adi krUra bhAvoM se yukta rahatA hai| 3. dharmadhyAna- Atmazuddhi ke sAdhanoM arthAta pavitra vicAroM meM mana ko ekAgra karanA dharmadhyAna hai| bhagavatIsUtra Adi AgamoM meM yaha dhyAna cAra prakAra kA batalAyA gayA hai, vaha nimnokta haiM-167 (i) AjJAvicaya - yahA~ vicaya kA artha nirNaya athavA vicAra hai| tIrthaGkara paramAtmA kI jo AjJA hai, unakA sarvajanahitAya jo upadeza hai usa sambandha meM cintana karanA, usa para dRr3ha AsthA rakhate hue tamArga kA anusaraNa karanA dharmadhyAna kA pahalA prakAra hai| (ii) apAyavicaya - apAya kA artha hai doSa yA durgunn| yaha AtmA anAdikAla se mithyAtva, avrata, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga ina pAMca doSoM ke kAraNa saMsAra meM paribhramaNa kara rahI hai| una doSoM se yaha cetanA kisa prakAra mukta ho sakatI hai? AtmA kI vizuddhi kaise ho sakatI hai? ityAdi viSaya para cintana karanA, dharmadhyAna kA dUsarA prakAra hai| ___(iii) vipAkavicaya - vipAka kA artha hai- baMdhe hue karmoM kI sthiti kA samaya pUrNa hokara usakA udaya meM aanaa| AtmA aneka duSkRtyoM ke kAraNa azubha karma kA baMdhana karatI hai| una karmoM ko bhogate samaya unake kaTu pariNAmoM para cintana karanA aura unase bacane kA saMkalpa karanA, vipAkavicaya dharmadhyAna hai|

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...79 (iv) saMsthAnavicaya - saMsthAna kA artha hai aakaar| isa loka meM vidyamAna dvIpa, sAgara, naraka, vimAna, parvata, svarga, paMcAstikAya, AkAza Adi ke AkAra kA cintana karate hue AtmasvarUpa meM sthira honA dharmadhyAna kA antima prakAra hai| ___dharmadhyAna meM sthira rahane ke cAra Alambana haiM - 1. vAcanA 2. pRcchanA 3. parivartanA 4. anuprekssaa|168 dharmadhyAnI sAdhaka ke cAra lakSaNa batAye gaye haiM 1691. vaha Agama (pravacana) meM zraddhA rakhatA hai| 2. upadeza sunane meM zraddhA rakhatA hai| 3. tIrthaGkara kathita AjJA kI prazaMsA karatA hai| 4. jinavANI ke prati zraddhAnvita hotA hai| yaha dharmadhyAna apramatta muni aura upazAntamohI yA kSINamohI (AThaveM se terahaveM guNasthAnavI jIva) kA hotA hai|170 4. zukladhyAna- AtmA kA, AtmA ke dvArA, AtmA ke lie, AtmA ke viSaya meM cintana karanA athavA mithyAtva Adi samagra azuddhiyoM kA vilaya ho jAne ke kAraNa jisakI AtmA nirmala bana gayI hai usa nirmala mana kI ekAgratA evaM atyanta sthiratA hI zukladhyAna hai| zukladhyAna do prakAra kA kahA gayA hai - 1. zukladhyAna aura 2. prmshukldhyaan| caturdazapUrvI kA dhyAna zukladhyAna kahalAtA hai aura kevalajJAnI kA dhyAna paramazukladhyAna kahalAtA hai| yaha bheda dhyAna kI vizuddhatA aura adhikatama sthiratA kI dRSTi se kiye gaye haiN| svarUpataH zukladhyAna ke cAra prakAra haiM171_ - (i) pRthaktva vitarka savicAra - pRthaktva kA artha hai- bheda aura vitarka kA artha hai - tarka pradhAna cintana yAnI tarka yukta cintana ke mAdhyama se zrutajJAna ke vividha bhedoM kA gaharAI se cintana karanA jaise dravya-guNa-paryAya para cintana karate hue kabhI dravya para, kabhI paryAya para, kabhI guNa para - isa prakAra bheda pradhAna cintana karanA pRthaktva vitarka savicAra nAmaka zukla dhyAna hai| (ii) ekatva vitarka savicAra - abheda pradhAna cintana karanA jaise- kisI eka dravya yA usakI eka paryAya para cintana karanA ekatva vitarka nAmaka

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80...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka zukladhyAna hai| isa dhyAna ke sambandha meM dhyAtavya hai ki jahA~ pavana nahIM hotA, vahA~ dIpaka kI lau sthira rahatI hai| yadyapi sUkSma havA to usa dIpaka ko milatI hI hai, kintu teja havA nahIM, vaise hI prastuta dhyAna meM sUkSma vicAra calate haiM parantu sthUla vicAra sthira rahate haiM jisake kAraNa ise nirvicAra dhyAna kahA gayA hai| isameM eka hI vastu para vicAra sthira hone se yaha nirvicAra hai| ___(iii) sUkSmakriyA'pratipAti - jaba kevalajJAnI kA AyuSya antarmuhUrta mAtra zeSa rahatA hai taba usa samaya unakI yoga nirodha kI kriyA prArambha hotI hai| taba sthUla mana-vacana aura kAyA tathA sUkSma mana-vacana kA nirodha kara lete haiM tathA sUkSma kAyayoga ke rUpa meM zvAsocchvAsa kI prakriyA hI avazeSa rahatI hai usa sthiti kA dhyAna sUkSmakriyA'pratipAti zukladhyAna kahalAtA hai| isa dhyAna meM atyanta sUkSma kriyA calatI hai| yaha sthiti jisa viziSTa sAdhaka ko prApta hotI hai vaha puna: dhyAna se cyuta nahIM ho sakatA, isIlie ise sUkSmakriyA apratipAti kahA hai| yaha dhyAna kevalajJAnI ko hI hotA hai| (iv) samucchinnakriyA'nivRtti - isa dhyAna meM zvAsocchvAsa rUpa sUkSma kriyA kA bhI nirodha ho jAtA hai, Atmapradeza pUrNata: niSprakampa bana jAte haiM, mana-vacana-kAyA ke yogoM kI caJcalatA pUrNa rUpa se samApta ho jAtI hai, isIlie ise samucchinna kriyA anivRtti zukladhyAna kahA hai| yaha dhyAna caudahaveM guNasthAnavartI bhAvI siddha AtmAoM ko hotA hai arthAta isa dhyAna ke turanta bAda AtmA cAra aghAti karmoM kA kSayakara zuddha-buddha-mukta bana jAtI hai| zvetAmbara dRSTi se dharmadhyAna chaThe guNasthAna se prArambha hotA hai; kintu digambara-paramparAnusAra dharmadhyAna kA prArambha sAtaveM guNasthAna se hotA hai| zukladhyAna ke prathama do bheda sAtaveM se bArahaveM guNasthAna taka hote haiN| zukladhyAna kA tRtIya prakAra terahaveM guNasthAna meM hotA hai aura caturtha prakAra meM AtmA caudahaveM guNasthAna meM praveza kara letI hai| zukladhyAna ke prathama do prakAra meM zrutajJAna kA Alambana hotA hai; kintu zeSa do meM kisI prakAra kA Alambana nahIM hotaa|172 jaina granthoM meM zukladhyAnI ke cAra lakSaNa kahe gaye haiM - 1. avyathA - vaha bhayaMkara upasargoM va parISahoM meM kiJcita mAtra bhI calita nahIM hotA aura bhayabhIta nahIM hotaa|

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...81 2. asammoha - use tAttvika viSayoM meM zaMkA nahIM hotI aura deva Adi ke dvArA mAyA Adi kI vikarvaNA karane para bhI usakI zraddhA calita nahIM hotii| 3. viveka - vaha saba saMyogoM va zarIra se AtmA ko bhinna jAnatA hai, bhinna dekhatA hai| 4. vyutsarga - vaha zarIra aura jagata kI sampUrNa AsaktiyoM se nissaMga rahatA hai|173 zukladhyAna ke patha para agrasara hone ke lie nimna cAra Alambana kahe gaye haiN| ina AlambanoM ke mAdhyama se yaha AtmA zukladhyAna kI ora ArUr3ha hotI hai - 1. kSamA - krodha kA prasaMga upasthita hone para bhI krodha nahIM krnaa| 2. mArdava - mAna (ahaMkAra) kA prasaMga upasthita hone para abhimAna nahIM krnaa| 3. Arjava - mAyA kA parityAga karate hue jIvana ke kaNa-kaNa meM saralatA honaa| 4. mukti - lobha kA pUrNa rUpa se tyAga kara denaa|174 jJAnArNava meM dhyAna ke azubha, zubha aura zuddha - ye tIna bheda kiye gaye haiM jo AtaM, raudra, dharma aura zukla ina cAra dhyAnoM meM samAviSTa ho jAte haiN|175 AcArya zubhacandra aura AcArya hemacandra ne dharmadhyAna ke cAra avAntara bhedoM - piNDastha, padastha, rUpastha, rUpAtIta kA varNana kiyA hai|176 vizeSAvazyakabhASya meM vAcika aura kAyika dhyAna kA ullekha hai| AvazyakacUrNi meM dhyAna ke sAta vikalpa nirUpita haiN| vaidika paramparA meM azubha aura zubhadhyAna ko kliSTa aura akliSTa dhyAna kI saMjJA dI hai| bauddha AcArya buddhaghoSa ne kuzala aura akuzala zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| isa taraha dhyAna ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kI vistRta sUcI upalabdha hai| mahattva- cetanA kA sthira adhyavasAya dhyAna kahalAtA hai| zubhadhyAna se sadgati aura azubhadhyAna se durgati kI prApti hotI hai| dhyAna-tapa jIvana ke pratyeka kSetra meM upayogI siddha hotA hai| jisa prakAra jala ke dvArA malina vastroM ko svaccha kiyA jAtA hai ThIka usI prakAra dhyAna ke dvArA karma mala kA zodhana kara AtmA ko zuddha kiyA jAtA hai| isase zArIrika svacchatA, mAnasika nirmalatA,

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82...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka bauddhika kuzAgratA evaM caitasika ekAgratA meM vRddhi hotI hai| yaha pramAda, nidrA evaM Alasya vRtti ko kSINa kara zArIrika sphUrti pradAna karatA hai| dhyAna se zarIrastha granthiyA~ vizeSa rUpa se prabhAvita hotI haiN| pariNAmasvarUpa zarIra saMsthAna niyantrita, srAva santulita evaM vidheyAtmaka sthiti ko prApta karate haiN| dhyAna se Avega aura Aveza para niyantraNa hotA hai| vartamAna meM bar3hate mAnasika rogoM kA nidAna isake dvArA sahaja ho rahA hai| dhyAna ke dvArA Atmazodhana, samasyAoM kA nidAna, vaiyaktika va sAmAjika vikAsa bhI hotA hai| AdhyAtmika kSetra meM to dhyAna kI mUlyavattA nirAbAdha hai| anubhUti ke stara para kahA jA sakatA hai ki dhyAna se citta zuddhi, vicAra zuddhi, vyavahAra zuddhi evaM AcAra zuddhi ko poSaNa milatA hai| mAnasika vikAra zAnta hote haiM, kaSAyoM kI granthiyA~ chUTakara bhAvoM kA UrdhvArohaNa hotA hai| zAstrIya dRSTi se zukladhyAna ke prathama do prakAroM ke phalasvarUpa saMvara aura nirjarA kI vizeSa prApti evaM anuttaravimAnavAsI devoM kA sukha milatA hai tathA antima do prakAroM ke prabhAva svarUpa nirvANa pada kI prApti hotI hai|17 saMkSepa meM dhyAna dvArA bAhya aura Abhyantara dvividha rogoM kA nivAraNa hotA hai aura jIvana jagata kI samasta samasyAoM kA parisamApana hotA hai| 6. vyutsarga tapa vi+utsarga, ina do zabdoM ke yoga se vyatsarga banA hai| 'vi' kA artha hai viziSTa aura utsarga kA artha hai tyAga arthAta viziSTa tyAga karanA vyutsarga tapa kahalAtA hai| yahA~ viziSTa tyAga kA tAtparya hai ki jina padArthoM kA tyAga karanA muzkila ho, aise zarIra, kaSAya, parigraha Adi ke prati rahe hue mamattva bhAva kA visarjana kara denA vyutsarga hai| jIvana meM moha-mAyA, AzA-tRSNA, zarIra-svajana Adi kA bandhana sabase bar3A bandhana hai| ina sabase nirlipta rahanA bahuta muzkila hai; kintu ina bandhanoM se chuTakArA pAye binA mukti mila nahIM sktii| isa tapa ke dvArA mohajanya, lAlasAjanya evaM bandhanajanya samasta padArthoM kA tathA usake prati rahI huI mamattvavRtti kA tyAga kara diyA jAtA hai| AcArya akalaMka ne vyutsarga kI paribhASA karate hue likhA hai ki "niHsaMga-nirbhayatva-jIvitAzA vyudAsAdyartho vyutsargaH"

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...83 niHsaMgatA (Asakti rahitatA), nirbhayatA evaM jIne kI icchA kA tyAga karanA vyutsarga hai|178 isakA hArda hai ki zarIra, kaSAya evaM parigraha Adi se svayaM ko sarvathA pRthak karate hue Atma svabhAva meM susthira ho jAnA vyutsarga hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kAyotsarga ko hI vyutsarga tapa kahA hai| jise kAyotsarga siddha ho jAtA hai vaha vyutsarga kI ArAdhanA sahajata: kara sakatA hai| vahA~ vyutsarga kI paribhASA isa prakAra dI gayI hai sayaNAsaNaThANe vA, je u bhikkhU na vAvare / kAyassa viussaggo, chaTTo so parikittio / / jo bhikSu sone, baiThane yA khar3e rahane Adi kriyAoM ke samaya vyApRta (Asakta) nahIM hotA, usake kAyA kI ceSTA kA jo parityAga hotA hai, use vyutsarga kahA jAtA haiN| yaha Abhyantara tapa kA chaThA prakAra hai| isa taraha kAyotsarga ko vyutsarga kahA hai|179 prakAra- bhagavatI Adi sUktAgamoM meM vyutsarga tapa mukhyata: do prakAra kA kahA gayA hai- dravya vyutsarga aura bhAva vyutsrg|180 ___ 1. dravya vyutsarga - dravyata: zarIra Adi kA parityAga cAra prakAra se hotA hai, unake nAma ye haiM 181- (i) gaNa vyutsarga (ii) zarIra vyutsarga (iii) upadhi vyutsarga (iv) bhaktapAna vyutsrg| (i) gaNa vyutsarga - eka yA aneka guruoM ke ziSyoM kA samUha gaNa kahalAtA hai| gaNa meM aneka prakAra ke sAdhu rahate haiM jo apanI-apanI ruci evaM sAmarthya ke anusAra zrutAdi sAdhanA meM lIna rahate haiN| sAdhanA kI utkarSatA ke lie gaNa kA Alambana Avazyaka hai, kintu jaba sAdhaka ko yaha anubhava ho jAye ki aba gaNa (sahavartI muniyoM Adi) kA prazasta moha bhI ratnatraya kI ArAdhanA meM bAdhaka bana rahA hai, isa saMgha kA parityAga kiye binA zuddha avasthA kI prApti asambhava hai, kyoMki AdhyAtmika jagata meM samyak Alambana bhI eka sImA taka sahayogI banate haiN| usake bAda ve bhI bAdhaka bana jAte haiM tathaiva gaNa kA saMga madhyama caraNa taka upayogI hotA hai| mokSa-prApti ke antima caraNa meM usakA tyAga aparihArya hai ata: eka nizcita avadhi ke pazcAta gaNa kA visarjana kara ekAkI sAdhanA meM nimagna rahanA gaNa vyutsarga kahalAtA hai| sthAnAMgasUtra meM gaNa vyutsarga ke sAta kAraNa batalAye gaye haiN|

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84... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka (ii) zarIra vyutsarga sAdhanA ke aneka bAdhaka tattvoM meM ahaMkAra aura mamakAra ye do mukhya haiN| mukti patha para ArUr3ha sAdhaka ahaMkAra kA bhI visarjana karatA hai aura mamakAra kA bhI tyAga karatA hai / mamakAra kA mUla kendra zarIra hai to zArIrika mamattva yA dehAsakti kA parityAga karanA zarIra vyutsarga kahalAtA hai| smaraNIya hai ki kAyotsarga karate samaya mUlataH zarIra kA vyutsarga kiyA jAtA hai| usa samaya kisI taraha kI paristhiti paidA na ho jAye, phira bhI sAdhaka deha se nirmamatva bhAva rakhatA huA aDiga - akampa rahatA hai, yahI zarIra vyutsarga kahA jAtA hai| yahA~ zarIra vyutsarga kA tAtparya zarIra ko chor3a denA nahIM hai apitu zarIra ke prati rahe hue mamattva ko dUra karanA hai / (iii) upadhi vyutsarga - muniyoM ke lie vastra, pAtra, pustaka, upakaraNa Adi kA AvazyakatA se adhika saMgraha karanA upadhi kahalAtA hai tathA gRhasthoM ke lie makAna, dukAna, svarNa, rajata Adi tamAma upayogI vastuoM kA jarUrata se adhika saMgraha karanA upadhi kahalAtA hai| yahA~ Avazyaka vastrAdi meM bhI kamI karanA jaise Agama sammata tIna vastroM meM se do vastra kA tyAga kara denA, pAtra kA sarvathA tyAgakara kara pAtrI dharma kA paripAlana karanA, isa prakAra kramazaH kamI karanA upadhi vyutsarga kahalAtA hai| - (iv) bhakta pAna vyutsarga jaba taka zarIra hai bhojana - pAnI kI AvazyakatA rahatI hI hai| bhojana ke abhAva meM zarIra adhika dinoM taka Tika nahIM sakatA, parantu zarIra ke lie jitanI AvazyakatA hai usase kama udara poSaNa se kAma cala sakatA hai| ataH AvazyakatA se kucha kama athavA sarvathA bhakta-pAna kA tyAga kara denA, bhakta pAna vyutsarga kahalAtA hai| 2. bhAva vyutsarga bhAva vyutsarga tIna prakAra se kiyA jAtA hai - (i) kaSAya vyutsarga (ii) saMsAra vyutsarga (iii) karma vyutsrg| (i) kaSAya vyutsarga - krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha - ina kaSAya catuSka ko zanaiH zanaiH yA sarvathA chor3ane kA prayatna karanA, kaSAya vyutsarga kahalAtA hai| AgamoM meM saMsAra ke lie yatra-tatra 'cAuranta saMsAra' zabda vyavahRta hai| naraka, tiryaJca, manuSya aura deva rUpa cAra gatiyA~ saMsAra kahalAtI haiN| ina cAra gati rUpa saMsAra kA parityAga kara denA saMsAra vyutsarga hai| (ii) saMsAra vyutsarga - -

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...85 jijJAsA ho sakatI hai ki cAra gati rUpa saMsAra kA tyAga kaise kiyA jAye? sthAnAMgasUtra meM saMsAra cAra prakAra kA batAyA gayA hai- "cauvvihe saMsAre paNNatte taM jahA- davva saMsAre, khetta saMsAre, kAla saMsAre, bhAva sNsaare|"182 ___ 1. dravya saMsAra - cAra gati rUpa saMsAra dravya saMsAra hai 2. kSetra saMsAra - tInoM loka rUpa saMsAra kSetra saMsAra hai 3. kAla saMsAra - eka samaya se lekara pudgala parAvarta taka kA samaya kAla saMsAra hai 4. bhAva saMsAra - kaSAya, pramAda Adi bhAva saMsAra hai| ____ yahA~ jJAtavya hai ki kSetra evaM kAla saMsAra kA vyutsarga nahIM hotA hai aura dravya saMsAra kA nirmANa bhAva saMsAra se hotA hai| bhAva saMsAra hI vAstavika saMsAra hai| viSaya-kaSAya Adi se jur3e rahanA hI saMsAra hai| usa bhAva saMsAra kA tyAga karanA hI saMsAra vyutsarga kahalAtA hai| (iii) karma vyutsarga - jaina-paramparA meM karma ATha mAne gaye haiN| ina ATha karmoM ke bandhana ke alaga-alaga kAraNa batAye gaye haiM jaise- jJAna kI azAtanA karanA, jJAnI kI avahelanA karanA aadi| jJAna-jJAnI kA avinaya karane se jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA bandhana hotA hai| isa bhA~ti pratyeka karma bandhana ke jo pRthak-pRthak kAraNa haiM unheM bhalI prakAra se samajhakara unakA parityAga karanA tathA karma tor3ane ke jo upAya batAye gaye haiM unakA yathAvata AcaraNa karanA karma vyutsarga kahalAtA hai| dazavaikAlika agastyasiMhacUrNi meM vyutsarga ke nimna do bheda kiye haiM1831. bAhya upadhi kA tyAga aura 2. AbhyaMtara upadhi kA tyaag| svarUpata: bAhya upadhi kA tyAga dravya vyutsarga kahA jAtA hai tathA Abhyantara upadhi kA tyAga bhAva vyutsarga kahA jAtA hai| cUrNikAra ke abhimata se bAhya upadhi meM jinakalpI ke bAraha upakaraNa, sthavirakalpI ke caudaha upakaraNa tathA gaNa, AhAra, zarIra, vacana aura mana kI pravRtti kA tyAga hotA hai tathA Abhyantara upadhi meM mithyAdarzana, avirati, pramAda aura kaSAya kA tyAga kiyA jAtA hai| mahattva - carama lakSya kI prApti meM vyutsarga tapa kA atyadhika mahattva hai| mAnavamAtra ko zarIra ke prati sahaja anurAga hotA hai usase moha kI paridhi bar3hatI

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86...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka jAtI hai aura vaha granthi kA rUpa le letI hai| granthi se tanAva utpanna hotA hai| yaha AtmA tanAva aura granthi ke kAraNa hI saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatI hai jabaki vyutsarga (kAyotsarga) se bAhya aura Abhyantara donoM prakAra ke tanAva naSTa ho jAte haiM jisase cetanA sva svarUpa meM vicaraNa karane lagatI hai| moha mamatA kI sthiti manda hone se caJcalatA svayameva samApta ho jAtI hai| sAtha hI rAga-dveSa kI mAtrA kama hone se viSamatA ghaTakara samatva kA udaya hotA hai| viSamatA se aneka samasyAe~ utpanna hotI haiN| kAyotsarga una sabhI ke nidAna meM rAmabANa davA kA kArya karatA hai| zArIrika dRSTi se kAyotsarga meM mana, vANI aura kAyA ina tInoM ko sama avasthA meM kiyA jAtA hai| deha ko zithila karane se mAMsapeziyoM kA tanAva dUra hotA hai aura Antarika granthiyA~ sama ho jAtI haiN| mAnasika dRSTi se nirarthaka vikalpoM ko avakAza na mila pAne ke kAraNa buddhi kA sadvyaya hotA hai, bauddhika kSamatA meM apekSAdhika abhivRddhi hotI hai| manaHsthairya se saMkalpa zakti dRr3ha hotI hai tathA nirNAyaka zakti ke bala para duHsAdhya kArya bhI sahaja ho jAte haiN| __ AdhyAtmika dRSTi se vyutsarga tapa karane vAle sAdhaka meM jar3a-cetana kI bheda buddhi paidA hotI hai| use yaha zarIra pRthak hai aura AtmA pRthak hai, zarIra nAzavAn hai aura AtmA amara hai, zarIra asthAyI hai aura AtmA cirasthAyI hai, isa taraha kA satya bodha hone lagatA hai| abhyAsa ke AdhAra para eka kSaNa aisA AtA hai ki vaha AtmA ke lie niHzeSa icchAoM kA tyAga karane hetu tatpara ho jAtA hai aura tana-mana se Upara uThakara Atmastha ho jAtA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra se pUchA gayA ki kAyotsarga karane se kyA lAbha hotA hai ? prabhu ne javAba diyA - kAyotsarga karane se atIta aura vartamAna meM kiye gaye doSoM kI zuddhi hotI hai| doSa vizuddhi hone se yaha jIva sira para se bojha utAre gaye bhAravAhaka ke samAna atyanta halkApana aura prasannatA kA anubhava karatA hai taba usake bhItara meM prazasta dhyAna kI dhArA pravAhita hotI hai aura vaha apUrva sukhAnubhUti meM vicaraNa karatA hai|184 sAra rUpa meM kahA jAe to isa tapa ke mAdhyama se deha buddhi kA visarjana, jar3a-cetana kA bheda jJAna evaM AtmAnanda kI anubhUti hotI hai| isake sivAya bAhya jagata ke aneka lAbha pratyakSata: phalIbhUta hote haiN|

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...87 niSkarSa rUpa meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki dvividha tapArAdhanA se dravya zarIra evaM bhAva AtmA donoM kI vizaddhi hotI hai| bAhya tapa kriyA yoga kA pratIka hai aura Abhyantara tapa jJAna yoga kA sUcaka hai| jJAna aura kriyA kA samanvaya hI mokSa kA mArga hai| isIlie jainAcAryoM ne bAhya aura Abhyantara ubhaya tapa karane kI preraNA dI hai| anya pahaluoM se vicAra kareM to jJAta hotA hai ki bAhya tapa meM zarIrasambandhI sAdhanA ke niyamopaniyamoM kA digdarzana hai tathA Abhyantara tapa meM hRdaya-vizuddhijanya AcAroM kA samAveza kiyA gayA hai| bAhya tapa anazana se lekara Abhyantara tapa vyutsarga paryanta ke krama meM Atma sAdhanA kA sundara samanvaya hai| isa krama se tapazcaraNa karane para vyakti na kevala kaSTa sahiSNu banatA hai apitu citta ekAgratA ko bhI sAdha letA hai| ina dvividha tapa kI ArAdhanA se mAnasika, vAcika aura kAyika samasta prakAra kI malinatAe~ naSTa ho jAtI haiM, prajJA nirmala banatI hai aura citta meM samAdhi ke aMkura prasphuTita ho uThate haiN| tapa ke anya prakAra jainAcAryoM ne tapa ke ukta dvAdaza bhedoM para atyanta vistAra ke sAtha cintana kiyA hai| yaha kahanA kisI taraha se atizayokti pUrNa nahIM hogA ki tapa ke viSaya meM jitanA cintana jaina dharma guruoM ne prastuta kiyA hai utanA zAyada kisI anya dharma pramukhoM ne nahIM kiyaa| uparokta dvAdaza bhedoM ke alAvA pRthak-pRthak dRSTiyoM se tapa ke aneka rUpa aura bhI sAmane Ate haiM jo nimna prakAra haiM - nikSepa kI apekSA tapa prabheda .. (i) nAma tapa- nAma mAtra ke lie tapa karanA jaise- kisI vyakti kA tapazcandra, taponAtha, tapodAsa Adi nAma hai, vaha nAma mAtra se tapa kahalAtA hai athavA kisI vyakti kA samUha kI apekSA 'tapa' nAma honA, nAma tapa hai| (ii) sthApanA tapa- kisI sthAna para ratnAvalI, muktAvalI Adi kI AkRti sthApita karanA, sthApanA tapa kahalAtA hai| (iii) dravya tapa- dravya vizeSa kA tapa karanA jaise- agnitapa, sUryatapa Adi karanA dravya tapa kahalAtA hai|

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88...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka anAhAra kI apekSA tapa prabheda (i) ojAhAra tyAga- utpatti ke samaya mAtA-pitA ke raja vIrya kA athavA anya jo AhAra kiyA jAtA hai, use oja AhAra kahate haiN| isa AhAra kA tyAga karanA ojAhAra tapa hai| (ii) romAhAra tyAga- zIta yA uSNakAla meM candana Adi ke tela mardana dvArA athavA snAnAdi ke dvArA jo romAhAra hotA hai| usakA tyAga kara denA romAhAra tapa hai| (iii) kavalAhAra tyAga- mukha ke dvArA annAdi kA sevana karanA athavA rugNAvasthA meM nalI ke dvArA dUdha Adi kA sevana karanA kavalAhAra hai usakA tyAga karanA, kavalAhAra tapa hai| kavalAhAra tyAga kI apekSA tapa prabheda (i) akSudhA tapa- kucha viziSTa devoM ko varSoM taka bhUkha nahIM lagatI tathA kaI yugalika manuSyoM ko lambe dinoM taka bhUkha nahIM satAtI, unakA akSudhA tapa hai| (ii) svabhAva tapa- ekendriya (vanaspati-pRthvI Adi) jIva svabhAva se hI kavala AhAra nahIM karate hai, unakI yaha sthiti svabhAva tapa kahalAtI hai| (iii) ihaloka tapa- isa bhava ke uddezya kI pUrti hetu tapa karanA jaise rogAdi nivAraNArtha tapa karanA, loka lajjA se tapa karanA, icchApUrti ke lie santoSI mAtA Adi kA vrata karanA ilalaukika tapa kahalAtA hai| (iv) paraloka tapa- paraloka ke uddezya se kiyA jAne vAlA tapa jaise AgAmI janma meM rAjA, indra yA deva banUM Adi vicAra se tapa karanA, pAralaukika tapa hai| (v) vItarAga tapa - AtmA ko karma-bandhanoM se mukta karane ke lie binA kisI kAmanA ke vizuddha dRSTi se jo tapa kiyA jAtA hai, vaha vItarAga tapa kahalAtA hai| sAtaveM se bArahaveM guNasthAnavI jIvoM kA tapa lagabhaga vItarAga tapa kI koTi kA hotA hai| (vi) sarAga tapa - kisI bhautika AkAMkSA, pratiSThA, kIrti, prazaMsA yA svarga Adi kI bhAvanA se jo tapa kiyA jAtA hai, vaha sarAga tapa kahalAtA hai|

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...89 (vii) bAla tapa - AtmajJAna ke abhAva meM jo tapa kiyA jAtA hai, use bAla tapa kahA gayA hai| ise ajJAna-tapa bhI kahate haiN| jaise- bAlaka kI kriyAoM meM, ceSTAoM meM koI lakSya nahIM hotA, koI viziSTa dhyeya nahIM hotA, ve prAyaH kutUhala pradhAna yA uddezya zUnya-sI hotI haiN| isI kAraNa kisI vyartha ceSTA ko bAlaceSTA kahA jAtA hai| usI taraha mukti ke lakSya se zUnya tapa ko bhI 'bAla tapa' kahA jAtA hai| ___ jaina granthoM meM 'bAla' zabda kA prayoga prAya: 'ajJAna' ke artha meM huA hai| sUtrakRtAMgasUtra meM tIna prakAra ke maraNa batAye haiM - bAlamaraNa, paNDitamaraNa, baal-pnndditmrnn| yahA~ bhI 'bAla' zabda ajJAnI kA hI dyotaka hai| bhagavatIsUtra meM 60 hajAra varSa taka kaThora tapa karane vAle tAmalI tApasa ke lie 'bAla tavassI' zabda kA hI prayoga kiyA gayA hai,185 kyoMki vaha lakSyahIna tapa kara rahA thaa| spaSTata: samyakjJAna ke binA jo tapa kiyA jAtA hai vaha cAhe kitanA hI kaThora aura durgharSa ho, vaha bAla tapa hai| ajJAna tapa se karma nirjarA bahuta kama hotI hai, jaise patthara Dhone vAlA majadUra subaha se zAma taka dama tor3a kAma karatA hai, phira bhI eka-do rupaye majadUrI milatI hai jabaki hIre kA vyApAra karane vAlA tolA bhara sAmAna lie bhI lAkhoM kA vArA-nyArA kara letA hai| vaise hI samyagjJAnapUrvaka tapa karane vAlA bahuta alpa zrama meM atyadhika karma nirjarA rUpa lAbha kamA letA hai| ___ samyagjJAnapUrvaka aura ajJAnatApUrvaka tapa karane vAloM kI tulanA karate hue AcArya kundakunda ne kahA hai - jaM aNNANI kammaM khavedi, bhavasaya-sahassa koddiihiN| taM NANI tihiM gutto, khavedi ussAsametteNa / / arthAta ajJAnI sAdhaka lAkhoM-karor3oM janmoM taka tapa karake jitane karma khapAtA hai samyak jJAnI sAdhaka triyoga ko saMyata rakhakara zvAsa mAtra meM utane karma naSTa kara detA hai| isa prakAra samyakjJAnI aura ajJAnI ke tapa phala meM mahAn antara hotA hai|186 AcArya bhadrabAhu ne kaSAyoM kI utkaTatA ke sAtha jo tapa kiyA jAtA hai, use bhI bAla tapa kahA hai jassa vi duppaNihiA, hoMti kasAyA tavaM caraMtassa / so bAlatapassI viva, gayaNhANa parissamaM kuNaiM / /

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90...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka jisa tapasvI ne apane kaSAyoM ko kSINa nahIM kiyA, kaSAya Adi para kAbU nahIM pAyA vaha bAla tapasvI hai| vaha cAhe jitanA tapa kare, usakA saba zrama kevala kaSTa rUpa hai jaise hAthI snAna karake phira sUMDa se miTTI uchAla kara zarIra ko mailA kara letA hai, vaise hI bAla tapasvI kA saba tapa vyartha ho jAtA hai|187 bhagavAna pArzvanAtha aura bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samaya meM bAla tapa kA bolabAlA bahuta thaa| unhoMne ajJAna tapa ke pravAha ko samApta karane kA bharasaka prayatna kiyaa| yadyapi bhagavAna mahAvIra svayaM kaThora tapoyogI the; kintu ve kamaTha tApasa jaise dehadaNDa yA yajJatapa ko bilkula nirarthaka mAnate the| ajJAna tapa kI kaThora AlocanA karate hue bhagavAn ne uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA hai ki mAse mAse u jo bAlA, kusaggeNa tu bhuNje| na so suyakkhAyadhammassa, kalaM agghei solasiM / / jo ajJAnI sAdhaka eka-eka mAsa kA kaThora upavAsa karatA hai aura pAraNe meM sirpha ghAsa kI noka para Tike utanA sA bhojana letA hai- itanA kaThora tapa karane para bhI vaha zreSTha dharma kI solahavIM kalA kI samAnatA bhI nahIM kara sakatA, kyoMki vaha deha ko to daNDa de rahA hai; kintu usake ghaTa meM ajJAna bharA hai|188 jaina dharma meM kaThora tapa kA mahattva nahIM mAnA gayA ho, aisI bAta nahIM hai| yahA~ tapa kA mUlya to bahuta adhika hai; kintu ajJAna tapa kA nahIM, jJAna pUrvaka tapa kA mahattva hai| bhagavAn AdinAtha eka varSa nirantara nirAhAra rhe| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne sAr3he bAraha varSa kI sAdhanA kAla meM itane ugra tapa kiye, jise sunate hI Atmapradeza kampita ho jAte haiN| nirantara chaha-chaha kI tapasyA ke pAraNe AyaMbila karane vAle dhannA aNagAra jaise- aneka ugra tapasvI unake saMgha meM the| isIlie yahA~ 'deha dukkhaM mahAphalaM' - deha ko kaSTa denA mahAna phalaprada mAnA hai; kintu sirpha deha ko tapAnA nahIM, deha ke sAtha mana ko tapAnA bhI Avazyaka hai| isIlie yahA~ zarIra ko kRza karane kI jagaha AtmA (karma daloM) ko, kaSAyoM ko kRza karane kI bAta kahI gayI hai - 'kasehiM appANaM jarehiM appANaM' AtmA ko, kaSAyoM ko kuza karo, unheM jIrNa kro|189 yadi kaSAya jIrNa na haI to tana ko jIrNa karane se kyA lAbha? ata: tapazcaryA jJAna aura viveka pUrvaka karanI caahie|

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tapa ke bheda - prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...91 (viii) akAma tapa tapa kI icchA kiye binA hI paravazatA Adi ke kAraNa bhUkhA rahanA, dhUpa Adi ke kaSTa sahanA, naMge paira calanA, dina-rAta kAyika kaSTa bhugatanA, kaTu zabda sunanA Adi akAma tapa kahalAtA hai / tiryaJca gati ke jIva paravazatA se jIvana paryanta nAnAvidha kaSTa sahate haiN| hama dekhate haiM majadUra jaise sAdhAraNa prANI bhI dina bhara zrama karate haiM, bhUkha Adi ke kaSTa bhogate haiM phira bhI ina logoM kA tapa akAma tapa kahalAtA hai| - anya tapa ke bheda pUrNa dina kI apekSA itvarika anazana ke kaI bheda haiM jaise- upavAsa, belA, telA, colA, paMcolA isa prakAra eka dina bar3hAte hue chaha mAsa taka upavAsa krnaa| pratidina ke do-do bhakta kI ginatI karate hue ina tapoM kI anya saMjJAe~ banatI haiM jaise- chaTTha, aTThama, dvAdaza bhakta aadi| kucha prasiddha tapoM kI saMjJA nimna haiM jaise- aThAI, pakSakSamaNa, mAsakSamaNa, cAturmAsI tapa, chahamAsI tapa Adi / nyUna dina kI apekSA se bhI itvarika anazana ke kaI bheda haiM (i) sUryodaya sApekSa - sUryodaya se lekara sUryAsta taka ke pratyAkhyAna jaise- navakArasI, pauruSI, sAr3hapauruSI Adi sUryodaya sApekSa tapa kahalAte haiN| (ii) sUryAsta sApekSa - sUryAsta se sUryodaya taka ke pratyAkhyAna jaisedivasacarima, cauvihAra, pANahAra, duvihAra Adi sUryAsta sApekSa tapa kahalAte haiN| (iii) kAla sApekSa - jisameM sUrya udaya aura sUrya asta kI apekSA na hokara mAtra kAla kI pradhAnatA ho jaise gaMThisahita, muTThisahita pratyAkhyAna athavA ghaMTe-ghaMTe ke pratyAkhyAna karanA kAla sApekSa tapa hai| (iv) AhAra sApekSa- jisameM AhAra- anAhAra donoM kI pradhAnatA ho athavA amuka bAra bhojana uparAnta AhAra kA tyAga karanA jaise- ekAsanA, bIyAsanA, nIvi, AyaMbila Adi AhAra sApekSa tapa kahalAte haiN| isa taraha aneka dRSTiyoM se jo zArIrika kaSTa sahe jAte haiM unheM tadyogya bhAvanA ke sAtha jor3ane se usI prakAra kA tapa ho jAtA hai, kintu sarva prakAra ke tapoM meM vItarAga tapa hI zreSTha aura kalyANakArI hai| tapa Atmazodhana kA mahattvapUrNa evaM Avazyaka upAya hai| isa Avazyaka mArga kA anusaraNa pratyeka jIva ke lie jarUrI hai| isI tathya ko dhyAna meM rakhate

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92...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka hue jainAcAryoM ne tapa sevana ke vividha upAya batAe haiN| carcita adhyAya meM tapa ke vividha bAhya-AbhyAMtara bhedoM kI carcA isI apekSA se kI gaI hai ki hara Ama aura khAsa vyakti tapa rUpI nirjarA mArga para ArUr3ha ho ske| sandarbha-sUcI 1. "bAhyaM bAhyadravyApekSatvAt........ bAhyaM tditrcvaabhyntrm|" uttarAdhyayanasUtra zAntyAcArya TIkA, patra 600 2. (ka) jaina dharma meM tapa svarUpa aura vizleSaNa, pR. 132-133 (kha) jaina AcAra : siddhAnta aura svarUpa, pR. 537 3. jaina dharma meM tapa svarUpa aura vizleSaNa, pR. 131-133 4. so tavo duviho vutto bAhirabbhantaro thaa| uttarAdhyayanasUtra, saMpA. madhukaramuni 30/7 5. aNasaNamUNoyariyA, bhikkhAyariyA ya rasa priccaao| kAyakileso saMlINayAya, bajjho tavo hoii|| (ka) uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 30/8 chavihe bAhirae tave paNNatte, taM jahA aNasaNaM...kAyakileso pddisNliinntaa| (kha) sthAnAMgasUtra, saMpA. madhukaramuni, 6/1/65 6. pAyacchittaM viNao, veyAvaccaM taheva sjjhaao| jhANaM ca biussaggo, eso anbhiMtaro tvo|| (ka) uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 30/30 chavihe abbhaMtarie tave paNNatte, taM jhaa-paaycchittN....viussggo| (kha) sthAnAMgasUtra, saMpA. madhukaramuni, 6/1/66 7. aNasaNe duvihe paNNatte taM jahA- ittarie ya aavkhie| ittarie aNegavihe paNNatte... taM jahA-cauttha bhatte, chaTTha bhatte.... jAva chammAsie bhtte| (ka) bhagavatIsUtra, saMpA. madhukaramuni, 25/7/198-199 (kha) uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 30/9 8. jo so ittario tavo, so samAseNa chavviho / seDhitavo payaratavo, ghaNo ya taha hoi vaggoya // tatto ya vagga vaggo, paMcama chaTThao pairANa tvo| maNa icchiyacittattho, nAyavvo hoi ittrio|| uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 30/10-11

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...93 9. jaina dharma meM tapa svarUpa evaM vizleSaNa, pR. 181-82 ke AdhAra para 10. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 30/12 11. AcArAMgasUtra, saMpA. madhukaramuni, 1/8/8/229 12. bhagavatIsUtra, 16/4/2-7 13. (ka) samavAyAMgasUtra, saMpA. madhukaramuni, 6/31 (kha) bhagavatIsUtra, 25/7/197 (ga) uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 30/8 14. (ka) sthAnAMgasUtra 3/3/381 (kha) aupapAtikasUtra, saMpA. madhukaramuni, 30 (ga) bhagavatIsUtra, 25/7/203 15. (ka) uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 30/14-23 (kha) tattvArthasUtra, 9/19 16. tivihA omoyariyA paNNattA... sthAnAMgasUtra, 3/3/381 17. "omoyariyA duvihA- davvamoyariyA ya bhaavmoyriyaa|" ___ bhagavatIsUtra, 25/7/203 18. omoyariyaM paMcahA, samAseNa viyAhiyaM / davvao khettakAleNaM, bhAveNaM pajjavehi ya / uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 30/14 19. vahI, 30/15 20. dazavaikAlika agastyacUrNi, pR. 13 21. sthAnAMgasUtra, 3/3/347 22. AcArAMgasUtra, 1/8/6/220 23. piNDaniyukti malayagiri TIkA, 642, pR. 173 24. jattio jassa purisassa AhAro... tappurisAvekkhAe kaile bhagavatIsUtra, 7/1 25. dazavaikAlika agastyacUrNi, pR. 13 26. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 30/16-19 27. vahI, 30/20-21 28. vahI, 30/22-23

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94...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka 29. aupapAtikasUtra, tapa adhikAra, sUtra 42 30. dazavaikAlika agastyacUrNi, pR. 13 31. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 30/24 32. manusmRti, 2/57 33. sthAnAMgasUtra, 9/13 34. guNAzca paNmita bhuktaM bhajante ArogyamAyuzca balaM sukhaM c| anAvilaM cAsya bhavatyapatyaM na cainamAdhUna iti kSipanti / viduranIti, 37/34, pR. 47 35. mUlArAdhanA, 3/211, pR. 428 36. (ka) kalpasUtra, sAdhusamAcArI sU. 59, pR. 393 (kha) bRhatkalpabhASya, muni dulaharAja, 11/35 37. tattvArthasUtra, 9/19 38. (ka) uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 30/25 (kha) dazavaikAlikasUtra, 5/1/3 (ga) AcArAMgasUtra, 2/1 (gha) goriva caraNaM gocaraH... __hAribhadrIya TIkA, patra 163 (Ga) dazavaikAlika agastyacUrNi, pR. 167-168 39. dazavaikAlikasUtra, 1/5 40. dazavaikAlika agastyacUrNi, pR. 167-168 41. dazavaikAlikasUtra, 1/2 | 42. dhammapada (pupphavarga), 4/6 43. jaina AcAra : siddhAnta aura svarUpa, pR. 553 44. sarvasampatkarI caikA, pauruSaghnI tathA praa| vRtti bhikSA ca tattvajJairiti bhikSA vidhoditA // aSTakaprakaraNa, 5/1 45. aTThavihagoyaraggaM tu, tadA satteva eSaNA / abhiggahA ya je anne, bhikkhAyariya mAhiyA / uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 30/25

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tapa ke bheda - prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...95 46. (ka) peDA ya addhapeDA, gomuttiya payaMga vIhiyA ceva / gaMtu paccAgayA saMbukAvaTTAyaya, chaTThA // (kha) uttarAdhyayana zAntyAcArya TIkA, patra 605 47. saMsaTThamasaMsaTThA, udghaDa taha appalevaDA ceva / uggahiyA paggahiyA, ujjhiyadhammA ya sattamiyA // 48. vahI, patra 607 49. bhikkhAyariyA aNega vihA paNNattA, taM jahA ukkhittacarae, Nikkhittacarae ... saMkhAdattie se taM bhikkhAyariyA / aupapAtikasUtra, sUtra 30 50. bhagavatIsUtra, 5/6/2 51. (ka) tatra manaso vikRtihetutvAd vigati hetutvAd vA vikRtayo, vigatayo / pravacanasAroddhAra TIkA, pratyAkhyAna dvAra (kha) manaso vikRti hetutvAd viktayaH yogazAstra TIkA tIsarA prakAza 52. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 17/15 53. jaina dharma meM tapa svarUpa aura vizleSaNa, pR. 272 54. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 7/11 55. rasesu jo giddhimuvei tivvaM, akAliyaM pAvai se viNAsaM / rAgAu vaDisa - vibhinnakAe uttarAdhyayana zAntyAcArya TIkA, patra 607 macche jahA Amisa bhogagiddhe // 56. ramA pagAmaM na niseviyavvA pAyaMrasA dittikarA narANaM / dittaM ca kAmA samabhiddavaMti dumaMjahA sAuphalaM va pakkhI // 57. jahA davaggI pauriMdhaNe vaNe, vahI, 30/19 samArUo novasamaM uvei / eviMdiyaggo vi pagAma bhoiNo, na baMbhayArissahiyAya kassai // vahI, 32/63 vahI, 32/10 vahI, 32/11

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96...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka 58. .....paNIyaM rsbhoynnN| narasantagavesissa visaM tAlauDaM jahA // dazavaikAlikasUtra, 8/59 59. rasa pariccAe aNegavihe paNNatte, taM jahA.... aupapAtikasUtra, 30 60. jaina dharma meM tapa svarUpa aura vizleSaNa, pR. 285-86 61. dRSTA ceSTArthasaMsiddhau, kAyapIr3A hyaduHkhadA, ratnAdivaNigAdInAM, tad vadatrApi bhAvyatAm / vahI, pR. 287 62. sattavihe kAya kilese paNNatte taM jahA- ThANAisa ukkuDuyAsaNie, paDimaTThAivIrAsaNie NesaNijje daMDajAie lgNddsaaii|| sthAnAMgasUtra, 7/49 63. kAyakilese aNegavihe paNNatte taM jahA- 1. ThANaTThiie, 2. ukkuDuyAsaNie, 3. paDimaTThAI...11. vibhUsApippamukke, se taM kaaykilese| aupapAtikasUtra, 30 64. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, adhyayana dUsarA 65. vahI, 30/27 66. dazavaikAlika jinadAsacUrNi, pR. 24 67. uttarAdhyayana zAntyAcArya TIkA, patra 607 68. bhagavatIsUtra, 25/7/211 69. aupapAtikasUtra, 30 70. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 30/28 71. (ka) kummovva allINa pallINa gutte, uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 30/28 (kha) jahA se kummae guttidie, jJAtAdharmakathA, saMpA. madhukaramuni, 4/13 72. gItA, 2/58 73. (ka) aupapAtikasUtra, 30 (kha) saMlINatA caubvihA taM jahA- iMdiya saMlINayA / kasAyasaMlINayA, joga saMlINayA vivittacariyA / dazavaikAlika agastyacUrNi, pR. 14 (ga) uttarAdhyayana zAntyAcArya TIkA, pR. 608

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...97 74. (ka) aupapAtikasUtra, 30 (kha) dazavaikAlika jinadAsacUrNi, pR. 24 (ka) aupapAtikasUtra, 30 (kha) dazavaikAlika agastyacUrNi, pR. 14 (ka) aupapAtikasUtra, 30 (kha) dazavaikAlika agastyacUrNi, pR. 14 77. (ka) aupapAtikasUtra, 30 (kha) uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 30/28 78. mUlArAdhanA (bhagavatI ArAdhanA), 3/228, 229, 231-232 79. jaina AcAra : siddhAnta aura svarUpa, pR. 567 80. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 29/32 81. "aparAdhau vA prAyaH, cittN-shuddhiH| prAyasya cittaM-prAyazcittaM- aparAdhavizuddhiH rityrthH|" tattvArtharAjavArttika, 9/22/1 82. pAvaM chiMdati jamhA, pAyacchittaM tu bhaNNai tennN| pAeNa vAvi cittaM, visohae teNa pacchittaM / Avazyakaniyukti 1522 83. "pAyacchitta karaNaM- prAya iti bAhulyasyAkhyA, citta iti jIvitasyAkhyA prAyazcittaM sodhayatIti praayshcitt|" AvazyakacUrNi, bhA. 2, pR. 251 84. "prazastaM vA cittasya vizuddhikAraNamiti vA praayshcitt|" vahI, pR. 251 85. "citI saMjJAne- prAyaza: vitayamAcaritamarthamanussaratIti vA praayshcittN|" vahI, pR. 251 86. vahI, pR. 251 87. vahI, pR. 251 88. jaina dharma meM tapa svarUpa aura vizleSaNa, pR. 392 89. (ka) dasavidhe pAyacchitte taM jahA-AloyaNArihe... aNavaTTappArihe, paarNciyaarihe| sthAnAMgasUtra, 10/73 (kha) bhagavatIsUtra, 25/7/218 (ga) AloyaNArihAIyaM pAyacchittaM tu dasavihaM uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 30/31 (gha) pAyacchittaM dasavihaM, taM jhaa...| dazavaikAlika agastyacUrNi, pR. 14 (ca) aupapAtikasUtra, 30

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98...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka 90. bRhatkalpasUtra, uddezaka 4 91. sthAnAMgasUtra, 5/1/47 92. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 29/17 93. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 1/15 94. vahI, 1/16 95. vahI, 1/27 96. vahI, 1/29 97. vahI, 1/9 98. (ka) Avazyakaniyukti, 1231 (kha) uttarAdhyayana zAntyAcArya TIkA, patra 16 99. pravacanasAroddhAra TIkA, dvAra 270 kI TIkA 100. abbhuTThANaM aMjalikaraNaM, tahevAsaNadAyaNaM / gurubhatti bhAvasussUsA, viNao esa viyaahio|| uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 30/32 101. viNaovayAra mANassa, bhaMjaNA pUyaNA gurujnnss| titthayarANa ya ANA, suyadhammarAhaNA kiriyA // vizeSAvazyakabhASya, 3469 102. jaina dharma meM tapa svarUpa aura vizleSaNa, pR. 423 103. bhagavatIsUtra, 25/7/219 104. sthAnAMgasUtra, 7/130 105. (ka) aupapAtikasUtra, 30 ___ (kha) viNao sattaviho taM jahA -dazavaikAlika agastyacUrNi, pR. 14 106. (ka) aupapAtikasUtra, 30 (kha) dazavaikAlika agastyacUrNi, pR. 14 (ga) bhagavatIsUtra, 25/7/220 107. (ka) aupapAtikasUtra, 30 (kha) dazavaikAlika agastyacUrNi, pR. 15 (ga) bhagavatIsUtra, 25/7/221-222 108. (ka) dazavaikAlika agastyacUrNi, pR.15 (kha) bhagavatIsUtra, 25/7/223

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...99 109. (ka) aupapAtikasUtra, 30 (kha) dazavaikAlika agastyacUrNi, pR. 15 (ga) bhagavatIsUtra, 25/7/224 110. (ka) aupapAtikasUtra, 30 (kha) dazavaikAlika agastyacUrNi, pR. 15 (ga) bhagavatIsUtra, 25/7/226-227 111. (ka) aupapAtikasUtra, 30 (kha) bhagavatIsUtra, 25/7/228-230 . (ka) aupapAtikasUtra, 30 (kha) dazavaikAlika agastyacUrNi, pR. 15 (ga) bhagavatIsUtra, 25/7/231-233 113. (ka) aupapAtikasUtra, 30 (kha) dazavaikAlika agastyacUrNi, pR. 15 (ga) bhagavatIsUtra, 25/7/234 114. viNae duvihe-gahaNaviNae, aasevnnaavinne| dazavaikAlika jinadAsacUrNi, pR. 301 115. logovayAraviNayo, atthaNimittaM ca kAmaheuM c| bhayaviNaya mokkhaviNayo, viNayo khalu paMcahA hoi / dazavaikAlikaniyukti, gA. 211 116. viNao sAsaNe mUlaM, viNIo saMjao bhve| viNayAu vippamukkassa, kao dhammo kao tavo // Avazyakaniyukti, 1216 117. evaM dhammassa viNao, mUlaM paraso so mokkho| jeNa kittiM suyaM sigghaM, nissesaM cAbhigacchai / dazavaikAlikasUtra, 9/2/2 118. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 1/45 119. dazavaikAlikasUtra, 9/2/21 120. sthAnAMgasUtra, 3/4/477 121. jaina dharma meM tapa svarUpa aura vizleSaNa, pR. 439

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100... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka 122. dharmaratnaprakaraNa, 1 123. veyAvaccaMvAvaDabhAvo, taha dhammasAhaNa NimittaM / annAiyANa vihiNA, saMpAuNamesa bhAvattho || 124. oghaniryuktibhASya, 133-134 125. (ka) sthAnAMgasUtra, 10/17 uttarAdhyayana zAntyAcArya TIkA, patra 609 (kha) bhagavatIsUtra, 25/7/235 (ga) dazavaikAlika agastyacUrNi, pR. 15 126. bhattepANe sayaNAsaNe ya, paDilehaNa pAyamicchamaddhANe / zayA teNaM daMDaggahe, gelavvAmatte ya // vyavahArabhASya, gA. 4677 127. tattvArthasUtra, 5/21 128. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 29/44 129. jJAtAdharmakathA, 8/14 130. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 29/5 131. oghaniryukti, 534,537 132. oghaniyukti TIkA, patra 39 133. sthAnAMgaTIkA, 5/3/465 134. AvazyakasUtra, adhyayana 4 kI TIkA 135. jaina dharma meM tapa svarUpa aura vizleSaNa, pR. 456 136. AvazyakacUrNi, bhA. 2, pR. 7-8 137. uttarAdhyayana zAntyAcArya TIkA, patra 584 138. (ka) uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 30 / 34 (kha) tattvArthasUtra, 9/25 139. jaina AcAra : siddhAnta aura svarUpa, pR. 586 140. nItivAkyAmRta, 5/35 141. uttarAdhyayana sUtra, 26/10 142. vahI, 29/19 143. candraprajJaptisUtra, 91

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tapa ke bheda-prabheda evaM prakAroM kA vaiziSTya...101 144. bRhatkalpabhASya, gA. 1169 145. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 29/20-24 146. uttarAdhyayana zAntyAcArya TIkA, patra 586 147. dazavaikAlikasUtra, 9/4/3 148. sthAnAMgasUtra, 5/3/223 149. tattvArtharAjavArtika, 9/25 150. taittirIya AraNyaka, 2/14 151. taittirIyopaniSad, 1/11/1, pR. 24 152. svAdhyAyAdiSTa devatA smpryogH| pAtaJjalayogadarzana, 2/44 153. "uttamasaMhananasyaikAgracintAnirodha dhyaanmntrmuhuurtm|" tattvArthasUtra, 9/27 154. abhidhAna cintAmaNi koSa, 1/84 155. Avazyakaniyukti, gA. 1477 156. "tatra patyayaikagatAnatA dhyaanm|" pAtaJjalayogadarzana, 3/2 157. visuddhimaggo, pR. 141-151 158. pAtaJjalayogadarzana, pR. 35 159. vahI, 1/1 160. Avazyakaniyukti, 1481-82 161. tattvArthasUtra, 9/31-34 162. (ka) bhagavatIsUtra 25/7/239 (kha) sthAnAMgasUtra, 4/1/62 (ga) dhyAnazataka, 15 163. dhyAnazataka, 18 164. 'rodayatyaparAniti rUdraH- prANivadhAdipariNata Atmaiva tasyedaM karma raudram / ' uttarAdhyayana zAntyAcArya TIkA, patra 609 165. (ka) tattvArthasUtra, 9/36 (kha) dhyAnazataka, 19-22, 24 166. dhyAnazataka, 26 167. (ka) bhagavatIsUtra, 25/7/242 (kha) sthAnAMgasUtra, 4/1/65 (ga) aupapAtikasUtra, 30

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102... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka 168. dhyAnazataka, 42 169. vahI, 67 170. (ka) dhyAnazataka, 63 (kha) dazavaikAlika agastyacUrNi, pR. 18 171. (ka) tattvArthasUtra, 9 / 37 (kha) dhyAnazataka, 77-82 172. dhyAnazataka, 64 173. vahI, 90-92 174. vahI, 69 175. jJAnArNava, 3/28-31 176. (ka) jJAnArNava, 37/1 (kha) yogazAstra, 7/8 177. dhyAnazataka, 94 178. tattvArtharAjavArtika, 9/26/10 179. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 30/36 180. viussagge duvihe taM jahA- davva viussagge ya bhAva viussagge y| 181. AvazyakacUrNi, bhA,. 1, pR. 616 182. sthAnAMgasUtra, 4/1/130 183. dazavaikAlika agastyacUrNi, pR. 19 184. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 29/12 185. bhagavatIsUtra, 3/1 186. pravacanasAra, 3/38 187. dazavaikAlikaniyukti, 300 188. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 9/44 189. AcArAMgasUtra, 1/4/3 bhagavatIsUtra, 25/7/250

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adhyAya-3 tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva vartamAna yuga meM prAcIna sAMskRtika evaM dhArmika vidhAnoM ko Out dated aura Unimportant mAnA jAtA hai| kaI logoM kA mAnanA hai ki prAcya saMskRti sambandhI niyamopaniyama usI kAla kI apekSA prAsaMgika the| tapa bhI aisA hI eka prAcIna vidhAna mAnA jAtA hai / parantu yadi gaharAI se vicAra kareM to Aja bhale hI tapa sAdhanA ke niyama aprAsaMgika lagate ho para Dieting, Jogging Adi usI ke badale hue rUpa hai| isI adhyAya ke antargata aise hI aneka pariprekSya meM tapa kI mahattA evaM AvazyakatA batAI jA rahI hai| tapa sAdhanA kI AvazyakatA kyoM? kisI bhI vyakti ke mana meM yaha prazna uThanA sahaja hai ki jaba sabhI dharmoM meM Atma vikAsa aura bhAva vizuddhi ke lie aneka prakAra ke upAya batalAye gaye haiM, vahA~ kaI viziSTa mArgoM kA pratipAdana haiM phira bhI tapazcaryA ko sarvottama sthAna kyoM diyA gayA ? Akhira sAdhakIya jIvana meM tapoyoga kyoM Avazyaka hai ? isa bindu para anuzIlana karane se jJAta hotA hai ki dharma tapa rUpa hai, binA tapa kA dharmAcaraNa adhUrA tathA dharma binA kA jIvana pazu tulya mAnA gayA hai, ataH tapa kI prAthamikatA sadA-sarvatra dRSTigocara hotI hai| yaha mananIya hai ki ahiMsA dharma rUpI mandira kI mUla nIMva hai, saMyama dharma rUpI mandira kI dIvAra hai aura tapa dharma rUpI mandira kA zikhara hai| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to ahiMsA se dharmAcaraNa kI zuruAta hotI hai, saMyama se dharma kA AcaraNa Age bar3hatA hai aura tapa se dharma AcaraNa pUrNa hotA hai / jisa prakAra dAMta rahita hAthI, vega rahita ghor3A, candramA rahita rAtri, sugandha rahita puSpa, jala rahita sarovara, chAyA rahita vRkSa, lAvaNya rahita rUpa aura guNa rahita putra zobhA nahIM pAtA hai usI prakAra tapa zUnya dharma zobhA nahIM pAtA hai /

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104...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka prastuta viSaya ko spaSTa karane ke lie yaha bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki jaisemantrI vihIna rAjya, zastra vihIna senA, netra vihIna mukha, varSA vihIna cAturmAsa, udAratA vihIna dhanika, ghRta vihIna bhojana, zIla vihIna strI aura sahRdayatA vihIna mitra prazaMsA yogya nahIM hotA hai, vaise hI tapa vihIna dharma bhI prazaMsA ko prApta nahIM hotA hai| jisa prakAra laukika jagata meM svarNa kI parIkSA nirgharSaNa, chedana, tApa aura tADana Adi cAra kriyAoM dvArA hotI hai, usI taraha adhyAtma jagata meM dharma kI parIkSA zruta, zIla, tapa aura dayA Adi guNoM se hotI hai| isa udAharaNa ko adhika spaSTa samajhanA cAheM to jaise- svarNa ko sabase pahale kasauTI ke patthara para ghisakara dekhA jAtA hai ki yaha kitanA kharA hai? yadi usase ThIka mAlUma hotA hai to phira zastra se chedakara dekhate haiM ki yaha andara se kaisA hai? yadi kisI ne Upara se svarNa car3hA diyA ho aura bhItara meM pItala yA halkI vastu ho to isa parIkSA se sahI jJAna ho jAtA hai| isa parIkSA meM sonA ThIka utara jAye to phira tapAkara dekhate haiM ki isakA varNa to parivartita nahIM huA hai? yadi sonA kRtrima ho to tapAne se usakA raMga bahuta aMza meM badala jAtA hai| yadi isa parIkSA meM sonA ThIka nikala jAye to use TIpakara (Thokakara) dekhate haiM ki isakA cikanApana kaisA hai? kRtrima sonA meM cikanApana nahIM hotA hai| isa antima parIkSA meM kharA utarane vAle sone ko hI saccA mAnakara grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| vidvad puruSa dharma kI parIkSA bhI isI taraha karate haiN| sarvaprathama dharma kA zruta dekhate haiM athavA tatdharma sambandhI zAstroM kA avalokana karate haiM ki kitane prAmANika haiM? racayitA kauna hai? aadi| sarvajJa mahApuruSoM dvArA racita granthoM ko prAmANika mAnA jAtA hai| usake pazcAta dharmazAstroM meM saMyama aura sadAcAra kA nirUpaNa kisa prakAra kA hai, vaha dekhate haiN| tadanantara dharma meM tapa ke Upara kitanA mahattva diyA gayA hai, usakA parIkSaNa karate haiN| yadi tapa kA prabhAva dikhatA hai to use uttama mAnate haiM anyathA sattva rahita jAnakara upahAsa karate haiN| phira antima meM dayA, dAna, paropakAra Adi guNoM kI carcA kI gayI ho to use zreSTha samajhakara svIkAra karate haiN| isa varNana se siddha hotA hai ki sAdhAraNa evaM dharmayukta jIvana meM tapa kI AvazyakatA aparihArya hai|

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva...105 caudaha pUrvo ke jJAtA AcArya bhadrabAhu svAmI ne tapa kI anivAryatA darzAte hue kahA hai ki - nANaM payAsagaM sohao tavo, saMjamo ya guttikro| tiNhaMpi samAoge, mokkhe jiNasAsaNe bhaNio / / jJAna sampUrNa jagata ke samasta jIvAdika padArthoM ke svarUpa ko prakAzita karatA hai| tapa anAdikAla se AtmA para chAe hue jJAnAvaraNIya Adi aSTa karmoM ke AvaraNa ko dUra karatA hai| yadyapi samasta jIva karmoM kA bhoga karate hue prati samaya zubhAzubha karmoM kI nirjarA karate haiM, parantu tapa ke mAdhyama se jo nirjarA hotI hai vaha karma bhoga kI nirjarA se kaI guNA adhika hotI hai tathA saMyama navIna karma ke rUpa meM Ane vAle azubha karmoM ko rokatA hai| isa taraha Atma prakAzaka jJAna, Atma zodhaka tapa evaM Atma rakSaka saMyama - ina tInoM kA saMyoga hone para hI mokSa kI prApti hotI hai| prastuta viSaya ke spaSTIkaraNa hetu yaha bindu bhI avazya vicAraNIya hai ki terahaveM guNasthAna meM kSAyika samyagdarzana, kevalajJAna aura yathAkhyAtacAritra ye tInoM prApta ho jAte haiM arthAta samyakdarzana, samyakjJAna evaM samyakcAritra rUpa ratnatraya kI sampUrNa prApti ho jAtI hai| taduparAnta bhI sampUrNa karma kSaya rUpa mokSa prApti meM dezonakroDa pUrva jitanA samaya zeSa raha sakatA hai| isase yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki ina tInoM ke atirikta bhI koI sAdhana haiM jisake siddha hone yA prApta hone ke bAda hI mokSa kI prApti hotI hai aura vaha yoga nirodha rUpa zukladhyAna kA caturtha pAyA hai| jo tapa ke bAraha prakAra ke bhedoM meM se dhyAna nAma kA bheda hai vahI mokSa kA anantara kAraNa hai| isI prakAra zreNI ArohaNa meM bhI tapa upayogI hai| jo jIva kSapaka zreNI kA ArohaNa karate haiM sambhava hai ki zreNI Aroha se pUrva usakI sattA meM utkRSTa rUpa se sattara kor3Akor3I sAgaropama yA nikAcita karmoM kA baMdha ho| zAstroM meM ullekha hai ki kevalajJAna prApta karane vAlA jIva antarmuhUrta kAla pUrva taka mithyAdRSTi ho sakatA hai| usa sthiti meM sattAgata nikAcita karmoM kA kSaya apUrvakaraNa ke samaya eka vizeSa zakti ke rUpa meM jhalakatA hai aura vaha 'tavasA u nikAiyANaMpi' vacana ke anusAra tapa ke dvArA hI sambhava hai|

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106... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka tapa antarAya karma kA udaya nahIM kucha AhAra Adi meM Asakta pudgalAnandI jIva tapa ko antarAya karma kA udaya mAnate haiM, parantu yathArtha yaha nahIM hai| antarAya arthAta bIca meM vighna aanaa| tapa meM AhAra Adi kA tyAga svecchA se kiyA jAtA hai ataH ise antarAya kahanA ucita nhiiN| jaba jIva meM vastu bhoga kI tIvra abhilASA ho aura kisI kAraNavazAta usa vastu kA upabhoga na kara pAye taba vaha usake lie antarAya kA udaya ho sakatA hai, parantu svecchA se upalabdha sAmagrI kA tyAga karanA, usake prati Asakti kama karane kA prayatna karanA karma nirjarA meM hetubhUta hai / yadi tapa ko antarAya karma kA udaya mAnA jAye to brahmacarya kA pAlana Adi bhI maithuna sevana meM antarAya kA udaya mAnA jaaegaa| ataH sunizcita hai ki tapasyA karanA antarAya karma kA udaya nahIM hai pratyuta udaya prApta viSaya - kaSAyAdi adhyavasAyoM ko samApta karanA hai| mUlataH tapa kI antarnihita dhAraNA AdhyAtmika evaM vaijJAnika hai / yaha mana kA anuzAsana hai| yaha mana ko caJcalatA rahita, nirmala, niSkapaTa, niHspRha evaM pavitra karane kA sarvottama sAdhana hai| upavAsa Adi vrata karane se manuSya ko garhita vAsanAoM se nivRtti milatI hai aura usakI Atmonnati hotI hai, jisase usameM na kevala samatA kI dRSTi AtI hai balki niSkAma karma, niSkAma bhakti kI nirmala bhAvanA bhI jAgRta hotI hai| sAtha hI usameM anAdi, ananta, anIha, acyuta, avinAzI, avyaya, akSara, advaita aura satya svarUpa ke darzana karane kI kSamatA vikasita ho jAtI hai| phalata: vaha ahaMkAra aura Asakti se rahita hokara niSkAma bhAva se AtmalIna ho jAtA hai aura eka dina sva-svarUpa kA darzana kara letA hai| isa prakAra tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA anAdikAla se hI susiddha hai / tapasyA kA phala jaina zAstroM ke anusAra tapasyA kA phala do prakAra kA hotA hai - eka Abhyantara aura dUsarA bAhya / Abhyantara phala kA artha hai karma AvaraNoM kI nirjarA, unakA kSaya tathA kSayopazama honaa| isase AtmA kI vizuddhi hotI hai, vizuddhi hone para jJAna, darzana, cAritra, bala, vIrya Adi AtmazaktiyA~ apane

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva... 107 zuddha evaM pracaNDa rUpa meM prakaTa ho jAtI haiM jaise- kisI svarNapaTTa para miTTI kI taha jamI huI ho to sone kI camaka dikhAI nahIM detI, kintu jaise-jaise miTTI haTatI hai sonA camakane lagatA hai| vaise hI karma rUpa miTTI jaise-jaise haTatI hai AtmA kI zaktiyA~ anAvRtta hone lagatI haiN| Atmazakti ke rUpa meM ye zaktiyA~ Abhyantara hotI haiM, kintu unakA prabhAva,camatkAra bAhya jagata meM dikhAI detA hai| ina zaktiyoM ke sahaja vikAsa evaM sAmayika prayoga se bAhya vAtAvaraNa evaM samAja para Azcaryajanaka prabhAva par3atA hai isa kAraNa una zaktiyoM ko labdhi Adi ke rUpa meM tapa kA bAhya phala mAnA gayA hai| jaise- pauSTika bhojana karane para zarIra meM zakti aura sphUrti bar3hatI hai to rakta aura mAMsa bhI bar3hatA hai| bhItara meM zakti bar3hane para bAhara meM oja - teja jisa prakAra dikhAI detA hai usI prakAra tapa ke dvArA teja prakaTa hotA hai, to vaha bAhara meM svataH hI apanA prabhAva dikhAne lagatA hai| isIlie bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA "sakkhaM khu dIsai tavo viseso" hai - tapa kA viziSTa prabhAva saMsAra meM sAkSAta dikhAI detA hai| rAjasthAna meM kahAvata hai - "ghI khAyo chAno ko raivenI" ghI khAyA huA chipatA nahIM hai vaise hI tapa kiyA huA bhI chupatA nahIM hai| tapasvI ke cehare para svataH hI eka viziSTa teja-oja damakane lagatA hai| usakI vANI meM siddhi, prasannatA meM varadAna tathA Akroza meM zApa kI zakti apane Apa A jAtI hai, ina zaktiyoM ke lie use prayatna karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI / yahA~ eka prazna upasthita hotA hai ki jaba labdhiyoM (Atmagata viziSTa zaktiyoM) ke lie tapa karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai to zAstroM meM bhinna-bhinna labdhiyoM ke lie alaga-alaga prakAra kI tapasyAe~ kyoM batAyI gayI haiM ? jaisebhagavatIsUtra meM tejolezyA kI sAdhanA - vidhi batAyI gayI hai, jaMghAcAraNavidyAcAraNa kI bhI sAdhanA vidhi kahI gayI hai tathA pUrvoM meM labdhiyoM kI vibhinna sAdhanA-paddhatiyoM kA varNana upalabdha thA, aisA ullekha kiyA jAtA hai to isakA kyA artha hai? jaba labdhi ke lie tapa nahIM kiyA jAnA cAhie to phira usake lie tapa kI vidhi kyoM ? isa prazna kA javAba yaha hai ki labdhi eka atizaya hai, eka prabhAva hai, sAdhaka apanA prabhAva bar3hAne ke lie kabhI utsuka nahIM hotA / bhAva bar3hatA hai to

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108...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka prabhAva apane Apa bar3ha jAtA hai| siddhi milatI hai to prasiddhi apane Apa ho jAtI hai| isalie tapa kI jo vidhi hai vaha labdhi prApta karane ke lie nahIM hai, kintu tapa kA eka mArga hai jisa mArga para calane se kaI siddhiyA~ apane Apa hAsila ho jAtI haiN| jaise- amuka nagara ko jAnA hai, yadi isa rAste se gaye to bIca meM amuka-amuka sthAna AyeMge aura amuka rAste se gaye to amuka-amuka sthl| bIca ke sthala para pahu~cane ke lie koI yAtrA nahIM karatA, vaha to apane Apa AyegA hI, yAtrA kA lakSya to maMjila hai| vaise hI tapa kA uddezya to karma nirjarA hai, kintu amuka vidhi se tapa kA AcaraNa karane para karma nirjarA to hotI hI hai| jisa prakAra ke karmoM kI nirjarA hogI usake phalasvarUpa AtmA meM svata: hI amuka prakAra kI zakti jaga jAyegI jaise- bele-bele tapa karate rahane se amuka prakAra kI zakti jAgRta hogI, tele-tele tapa karane se usase kucha viziSTa Atmazakti jAgRta hogii| sArAMza hai ki sAdhaka ko phala kI kAmanA se rahita hokara hI tapa karanA cAhie tathA tapa ke dvArA jo Abhyantara zaktiyA~ pragaTa hotI haiM usakA prabhAva bAhya jagata para par3atA hI hai| yahI tapa ke dvividha phala haiN| tapa sAdhanA kA uddezya jainAcAryoM ne tapa kI adbhuta aura apAra mahimA gAyI hai| samyak tapa ke prabhAva se acintya labdhiyA~, anupama RddhiyA~ aura apUrva siddhiyA~ prApta hotI haiN| ajJAnI jIva bhautika Rddhi-samRddhi, sukha-saubhAgya, yaza-kIrti, nAma prasiddhi Adi ke uddezya se hI tapa karatA hai; kintu zAstrakAra kahate haiM ki bAhya sampadA athavA devatA Adi ko prasanna karane ke lie tapa yoga karanA to Ama ke mahAvRkSa se lakar3iyA~ cAhane jaisA hai| vastuta: tapa kA uddezya yaha nahIM hai| tapa to kisI mahAn lAbha ke lie kiyA jAnA cAhie, Rddhi-siddhi to svata: prApta ho jAtI hai jaise- dhAnya kI khetI karane para dhAna ke sAtha bhUsA-palAla svata: mila jAtA hai vaise hI tapa dvArA nirjarA hone ke sAtha-sAtha sAMsArika sukha bhUsApalAla kI bhA~ti svayameva prApta ho jAte haiN| koI bhI sujJa kisAna bhUse ke lie khetI nahIM karatA hai vaise hI bhautika lAbha ke lie tapa nahIM karanA caahie| tapa Atmazuddhi ke mahAn uddezya se prerita hokara hI kiyA jAnA caahie|

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva...109 isa viSaya meM yaha tathya bhI vicAraNIya hai ki tapa yadi naitika jIvana kI eka anivArya prakriyA hai to use kisI lakSya ke nimitta honA caahie| jaina sAdhanA kA lakSya zuddha Atma-tattva kI upalabdhi hai, Atma zuddhikaraNa hai| lekina yaha zuddhikaraNa kyA hai ? jaina darzana mAnatA hai ki prANI mAnasika, vAcika evaM kAyika kriyAoM ke mAdhyama se karma-vargaNAoM ke pudgaloM ko apanI ora AkarSita karatA hai aura ye AkarSita karma-vargaNAoM ke pudgala rAga-dveSa yA kaSAya-vRtti ke kAraNa AtmA se ekIbhUta ho, usakI zuddha sattA, zakti evaM jJAna jyoti ko AvRtta kara dete haiN| ataH zuddha Atma-tattva kI upalabdhi ke lie AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa ko AvRtta karane vAle karma-vargaNAoM ke pudgaloM kA pRthakIkaraNa Avazyaka hai| pRthakIkaraNa kI yaha kriyA nirjarA kahI jAtI hai, jo do rUpoM meM sampanna hotI hai| jaba karma vargaNA ke pudgala apanI nizcita samayAvadhi ke pazcAta apanA phala dekara svata: alaga ho jAte haiM to yaha savipAka nirjarA kahalAtI hai aura jaba prayAsa pUrvaka karma-pudgaloM ko AtmA se alaga kiyA jAtA hai to use avipAka nirjarA kahate haiM tathA jisa prakriyA ke dvArA avipAka nirjarA kI jAtI hai, vahI tapa hai| isa prakAra prayAsa pUrvaka karma pudgaloM ko AtmA se alaga kara usake svarUpa ko prakaTa kara denA hI tapa kA prayojana hai| ___ dazavaikAlikasUtra meM AcArya zayyaMbhava ne tapa samAdhi kA uddezya batalAte hue spaSTa kahA hai ki 1. ihaloka (vartamAna jIvana kI bhogAbhilASA) ke nimitta tapa nahIM karanA caahie| 2. paraloka (pAralaukika bhogAbhilASA) ke nimitta tapa nahIM karanA caahie| 3. kIrti, rUpa, zabda aura prazaMsA ke lie tapa nahIM karanA caahie| 4. nirjarA ke atirikta anya kisI bhI uddezya se tapa nahIM karanA caahie| tapa kA mukhya phala nirjarA hai| jaise- agni sone ko zuddha karatI hai, phiTakarI maile jala ko nirmala banAtI hai, sor3A yA sAbuna malina vastra ko ujjvala banAtA hai, usI prakAra tapa AtmA ko zuddha, nirmala aura ujjvala rUpa pradAna karatA hai|

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110...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka AcArya bhadrabAha ne kahA hai jaise- malina vastra jala Adi zodhaka dravyoM se ujjvala ho jAtA hai vaise hI bhAva tapa ke dvArA karma mala se mukta hokara AtmA zuddha va pavitra bana jAtI hai| __hama dekhate haiM ki manuSya koI bhI kAma karatA hai to usake sAmane usa kArya-phala kI kalpanA bhI rahatI hai| sAtha hI usakA uddezya aura lakSya bhI rahatA hai| eka kavi ne kahA hai - lakSyahIna phalahIna kArya ko, mUrakha jana Acarate haiN| sujJa sudhIjana prathama kArya kA, lakSya sunizcita karate haiM / / jaba sAmAnya kArya bhI lakSya ke binA nahIM hotA, taba tapa jaisA durUha, kaThora, deha damanIya kArya binA lakSya-pariNAma ke kaise sambhava hai? ata: mAnanA hogA ki tapa kA uddezya bhI nizcita hai| eka bAra bhagavAna mahAvIra rAjagRha nagara meM pdhaare| vahA~ gaNadhara gautama ne prabhu se kaI prazna puuche| unameM eka prazna tapa ke viSaya meM pUchA - bhagavan ! tapa karane se jIva ko kisa phala kI prApti hotI hai? bhagavAna ne uttara meM kahA - "taveNa vodANaM jaNayai" tapa se vyavadAna hotA hai| vyavadAna kA artha hai - dUra httaanaa| AdAna kA artha hai - grahaNa krnaa| suspaSTa hai ki AtmA tapasyA ke dvArA karmoM ko dUra haTAtA hai, karmoM kA kSaya karatA hai, azubha karmoM ko nirjarita karatA hai| basa yahI tapa kA uddezya hai aura yahI tapa kA phala hai| jaina paramparA meM prabhu mahAvIra ko tapoyogI aura prabhu pArzvanAtha ko dhyAnayogI mAnA gayA hai| bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke yuga meM ajJAna tapa kA bolabAlA thaa| loga bhautika siddhiyoM ke lie tapa karate the, paMcAgni sAdhate the, vRkSoM para oMdhe laTakate the| yadi koI unase pUchatA ki Apa yaha tapa, japa, yajJa Adi kyoM karate ho? to unakA eka hI uttara hotA - "svargakAmo yajeta" arthAta svarga kI prApti hetu yajJa tapa kro| amuka zakti ko pAne ke lie tapa karo isase Age unakA koI uddezya nahIM thA jabaki bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ne janatA ko tapa kA uddezya samajhAte hue kahA - tapa zarIra ko sukhAne yA Rddhi-siddhi prApta karane ke lie nahIM, kintu AtmA ko karma bandhanoM se mukta karane ke lie hai| jo bAta bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahI vahI bAta bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ne bhI kahI thii| Aja bhale hI unake svayaM ke vacana hamAre pAsa nahIM haiM, kintu unakI paramparA ke vidvAn

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva...111 zramaNoM ke vacana adhunA'pi bhagavatIsUtra meM isa bAta kI sAkSI dete haiM ki bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ne tapa kA uddezya kyA batAyA hai? ___ bhagavatIsUtra ke varNanAnusAra eka bAra tuMgiyA nagarI ke tattvajJa zrAvakoM ne prabhu pArzvanAtha ke sthavira zramaNoM se tattva carcA karate hue pUchA - bhante! Apa tapa kyoM karate haiM? tapa kA kyA phala hai? uttara meM zramaNoM ne kahA - tapa kA phala hai vyavadAna, karma nirjraa| jo bAta bhagavAna mahAvIra ne gautama svAmI se kahI hai, vahI bAta pArzvasaMtAnIya zramaNoM ne zrAvakoM se kahI hai| itanA hI nahIM samasta tIrthaGkaroM ne, AcAryoM ne bhI yahI bAta kahI hai| jaina saMskRti kA eka hI svara hai ki tapa kevala karma nirjarA ke lie karanA caahie| kAmanA yukta tapa kyoM nahIM? aba eka mArmika prazna khar3A hotA hai kisI bhI bhautika abhilASA, yA yaza, kIrti, pratiSThA Adi ke lie tapa kyoM nahIM kiyA jAya? isa niSedha kA matalaba kyA hai? pUjya madhukaramuni ne isakA javAba dete hue kahA hai ki jaina dharma sukhavAdI dharma nahIM hai, muktivAdI dharma hai| sukhavAdI to sirpha saMsAra ke sukhoM meM ulajhA rahatA hai lekina muktivAdI dharma kahatA hai ki sukha aura duHkha donoM hI bandhana haiN| AdamI sukha prApti kA prayatna kara use prApta bhI kara letA hai; kintu usa sukha-bhoga ke sAtha nayA pApa karma bhI baMdhatA jAtA hai| isase zubha karma kSINa hokara azubha karma kA udaya prArambha ho jAtA hai| thor3e se sukha ke bAda bhayaMkara duHkha prApta hote haiN| gItA meM batAyA hai- jo sakAma karma karate haiM, puNya kI abhilASA yA svarga kI kAmanA se tapa karate haiM, ve marakara svarga ko prApta bhI kara lete haiM; kintu vahA~ apsarAoM ke moha-mAyA meM phaMsakara apane samasta puNyoM kA kSaya kara DAlate haiM aura phira puNyahIna hokara punaH duHkhoM ke mahAgarta meM gira jAte haiN| saMsAra ke jitane bhI sukha haiM, ve saba duHkha kI khAna haiN| isalie jo bhI karma kare, vaha azubha karma ko naSTa karane ke lie karanA caahie| dUsarI bAta yaha bhI hai ki bhautika lAbha ke lie tapa karane vAle kA uddezya bahuta sImita hotA hai, vaha choTe se uddezya ke lie bahuta bar3A kaSTa uThAtA hai jabaki karma nirjarA ke lie kiyA gayA tapa asIma acintanIya phala hotA hai| ___ eka AdamI amRta kA upayoga kIcar3a se sane pA~va dhone ke lie karatA hai aura eka marate hue prANI ko jIvanadAna dene ke lie| jisa taraha amRta ke

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112...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka upayoga meM yaha mahAn antara hai usI prakAra tapa ke uddezya meM bhI mahAn antara hai| bhautika lAbha ke lie tapa karanA amRta se, miTTI se sane paira dhone jaisA hai| kAmanAyukta tapa kA phala sirpha svarga hai, bhautika sukha hai jabaki niSkAma tapa kA phala sampUrNa karmoM kA kSayakara ananta Anandamaya mokSa ko prApta karanA hai| kaI loga sAmAyika karate haiM, dAna dete haiM, thor3I sI sevA karate haiM aura cAhate haiM hamArA nAma ho, prazaMsA ho| yadi aTThama tapa kiyA hai to devatA svapna meM Akara darzana deM- yaha saba AkAMkSAe~ satkarma ke phala ko kSINa karane vAlI haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke jIvana caritra meM varNana AtA hai ki jaba candana-bAlA ne prabhu mahAvIra ko ur3ada bAkule baharAye to AkAza se ratnoM kI varSA huii| vaha sampUrNa dharatI ratnoM se, hIro-pannoM se bhara gyii| yaha dekhakara eka vezyA ne bhI apane gurujI ko bulAyA aura khUba miSThAna khilaaye| phira bAra-bAra AkAza kI tarapha dekhane lgii| yaha dekhakara bAbAjI ne pUchA - bAra-bAra Upara kyoM dekha rahI ho? vezyA ne candanabAlA kA prasaMga batalAte hue kahA - mere ghara ratnoM kI varSA kyoM nahIM huI? bAbAjI bole - vA satI vo sAdha tho, tU vezyA maiM bhAMDa / thAre-mhAre yoga sUM, patthara paDasI rAMDa / / kahane kA bhAva yaha hai ki niSkAma bhAva se supAtra ko diyA huA ur3ada kA bAkalA bhI kitanA mahAn phala dene vAlA siddha huaa| isI prakAra Atmazuddhi ke uddezya se kiyA gayA tapa,japa, dAna Adi sabhI satkarma mahAn phaladAyI hote haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne isIlie kahA hai - "no pUyaNaM tavasA AvahejjA" tapa se pUjA Adi kI kAmanA mata kro| tapasyA kA pavitra lakSya Atmazuddhi evaM karma nirjarA hI honA caahie| isa samasta vivecana kA sAra yahI hai ki sAdhaka ke sAmane tapa kA uddezya mahAn aura U~cA rahanA caahie| mukti evaM mokSa sukha ko lakSya meM rakhakara hI tapa sAdhanA karanI caahie| prAya: nAstika vicAraka tapasyA ko deha daNDana, deha kaSTa rUpa mAnate haiM, lekina yaha ucita nahIM hai| jaina dArzanika bhASA meM pratyuttara deM to yaha spaSTa hai ki tapa meM deha daNDana kiyA nahIM jAtA, ho jAtA hai| tapa kA prayojana Atma

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva...113 parizodhana hai na ki deh-dnnddn| ghRta kI zuddhi ke lie ghRta ko tapAnA hotA hai na ki pAtra ko| usI prakAra Atmazuddhi ke lie Atma-vikAroM ko tapAyA jAtA hai na ki zarIra ko| zarIra to AtmA kA bhAjana (pAtra) hone se tapa jAtA hai, tapAyA nahIM jaataa| jisa tapa meM mAnasika kaSTa ho, vedanA ho, vaha tapa nahIM hai| pIr3A kA honA eka bAta hai aura usakI anubhUti karanA dUsarI bAta hai| tapa meM pIr3A ho sakatI hai lekina vyAkulatA kI anubhUti nhiiN| pIr3A zarIra kA dharma hai aura vyAkulatA kI anubhUti AtmA kaa| aise aneka udAharaNa haiM jinameM pIr3A va anubhUti ko pRthak-pRthak dekhA jA sakatA hai| jaina bAlaka jaba upavAsa karatA hai to use bhUkha kI pIr3A avazya hogI, lekina vaha pIr3A vyAkulatA kI anubhUti nahIM krtaa| vaha upavAsa, tapa ke rUpa meM karatA hai aura tapa to AtmA kA Ananda hai| to kahanA yaha hai ki tapa ko kevala deha daNDana mAnanA bahuta bar3A bhrama hai| vaha apane Apa meM bahuta vyApaka hai|' __ niSkarSa rUpa meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki jaina sAdhanA meM tapa kA uddezya Atma parizodhana, pUrvabaddha karma-pudgaloM ko Atma tattva se pRthak karanA aura zuddha Atma tattva ko prakaTa karanA hI siddha hotA hai| hindU-paramparA bhI jaina-paramparA ke samAna hI yaha mAnatI hai ki tapa ke dvArA karma-raja dUrakara mokSa ko prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai| muNDakopaniSad ke dUsare muNDaka kA 11vA~ zloka isa sandarbha meM vizeSa rUpa se draSTavya hai| usameM kahA gayA hai ki "jo zAnta vidvatajana vana meM rahakara bhikSAcaryA karate hue tapa aura zraddhA kA sevana karate haiN| ve viraja ho- karma raja ko dUrakara sUrya dvArA Urdhva mArga se vahA~ pahu~ca jAte haiM jahA~ vaha puruSa (AtmA) amUlya evaM avyaya hokara nivAsa karatA hai|" bauddha sAdhanA meM tapa kA prayojana pApakAraka akuzala dharmoM ko tapA DAlanA mAnA gayA hai| isa sandarbha meM buddha aura nimrantha upAsaka siMha senApati kA saMvAda paryApta prakAza DAla detA hai| ___isa prakAra bauddha sAdhanA meM bhI jaina sAdhanA ke samAna, tapa ko AtmA kI akuzala cittavRttiyoM ko kSINa karane hetu svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| tapa sAdhanA ke lAbha karma zarIra ko tapAne vAlA anuSThAna tapa kahalAtA hai| tapa jyoti bhI hai aura jvAlA bhI hai, tapa zuddhi bhI hai aura siddhi bhI hai, tapa sAdhanA bhI hai aura

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114... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka mokSa kA sAdhya bhI hai| tIrthaGkara puruSoM ne kahA hai ki tapasyA se Atma kI parizuddhi hotI hai, samyaktva nirmala banatA hai tathA cetanA ke svAbhAvika guNa dharma ananta jJAna, ananta darzana va ananta cAritra ujjvala - ujjvalatara banate haiN| tapasyA kA apara nAma tyAga aura pratyAkhyAna bhI hai| eka bAra gautama svAmI ne prabhu mahAvIra se pUchA ki pratyAkhyAna se isa jIva ko kisa guNa kI prApti hotI hai ? bhagavAna isa prazna kA uttara dete hue kahate haiM ki paccakkhANaM paccakkhANeNaM AsavadArAiM nirUMbhai / icchAni rohaM jaya / / pratyAkhyAna karane se Asrava dvAroM kA yAnI karmANuoM ke Ane ke mArga kA nirodha hotA hai tathA pratyAkhyAna (tyAga) karane se icchAoM kA nirodha ho jAtA hai| icchA nirodha hone se yaha jIva sarva dravyoM, padArthoM meM tRSNA rahita ho jAtA hai aura tRSNA rahita hone se vaha parama zAnti ko prApta hotA huA vicaratA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki jisa vastu kA pratyAkhyAna (tyAga) kiyA jAtA hai phira usa vastu ko prApta karane athavA prApta huI kA upabhoga karane kI icchA nahIM hotii| isa prakAra icchA nirodha se isa jIva kI samasta padArthoM para se tRSNA uTha jAtI hai aura jaba tRSNA uTha gayI to phira bAhya aura Abhyantara ke santApa se rahita hokara vaha parama zAnti meM vicaraNa karatA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM tapa kA mukhya lAbha batalAte hue yaha bhI kahA hai ki "taveNa vodANaM jaNayai" tapa se jIva vyavadAna arthAta pUrva saJcita karmoM kA kSaya karake Atmazuddhi kI prApti karatA hai| 10 kahane kA mUlArtha yaha hai ki tapa eka prakAra kI viziSTa agni hai jo karmamala ko jalAkara bhasmasAta kara dene kA pUrNa sAmarthya rakhatI hai| isI bAta ko puSTa karate hue prabhu mahAvIra ne eka jagaha puna: kahA hai ki - " taveNa parisujjhai" tapasyA se AtmA kI vizuddhi hotI hai| 11 jisa prakAra koI bar3A tAlAba jala Ane ke mArga kA nirodha karane se, jala ko ulIcane se, sUrya ke tApa se kramazaH sUkha jAtA hai usI prakAra saMyamI puruSa ke pApa karma ke Ane ke mArga kA nirodha hone se karor3oM bhavoM ke saMcita karma tapasyA ke dvArA nijIrNa ho jAte haiM / 12

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva...115 uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke TIkAkAra zAntyAcArya ne tapa yoga ke nimna pariNAma kahe haiN| tadanusAra niHsaMgatA, zarIra lAghava, indriya vijaya, saMyama rakSA, zubha dhyAna aura karma nirjarA- ye tapa ke mukhya pariNAma haiN|13| ___ isI taraha cheda granthoM meM pramukha dazAzrutaskandha meM AcArya bhadrabAhu ne tapa ke pariNAma batAte hue kahA hai ki "tavasA avahaTTa lesassa daMsaNaM parisujjhai" tapasyA se lezyAoM ko saMvRta karane vAle sAdhaka kA darzana arthAta samyaktva parizuddha hotA hai, nirmala hotA hai|14| isI prakAra ke mahAn phala kI prApti vaidika granthoM meM bhI mAnI gayI hai| maitrAyaNI AraNyaka meM kahA gayA hai ki15 tapasA prApyate satvaM, satvAt saMprApyate manaH / manasA prApyate tvAtmA, hyAtmApattyA nivartate / / tapa ke dvArA sattva (manovijaya kI jJAna zakti) prApta hotA hai, sattva se mana vaza meM hotA hai, mana vaza meM hone se durlabha Atmattva kI prApti hotI hai aura AtmA kI prApti ho jAne para saMsAra se chuTakArA mila jAtA hai tathA AtmA karma bandhanoM se sarvathA mukta ho jAtI hai| ___ isa prakAra jainetara darzanoM ne bhI tapa kA antima lAbha mokSa mAnA hai| maharSi vaziSTha se pUchA gayA ki saMsAra meM sabase durlabha athavA duSprApya kyA hai? unhoMne kahA - mokSa! phira pUchA gayA - vaha duSprApya mokSa kaise prApta ho sakatA hai? to uttara diyA- "tapasaiva mahogreNa yad durApaM tadApyate" arthAta saMsAra meM jo sarvAdhika durlabha vastu hai vaha tapasyA ke dvArA prApta kI jA sakatI hai|16 ___ukta vivecana kA sAra yahI hai ki tapasyA ke dvArA icchAoM kA nirodha hokara AtmA sva-svarUpa ko upalabdha karatI hai| isalie kahA jA sakatA hai ki tapa kA mukhya lAbha nirvANa prApti hai| tapa aura Asana tapa saMkalpa zakti kA eka utkRSTa rUpa hai to Asana mana: sthairya kA eka zreSTha abhyAsa hai| yadi sUkSma buddhi se manana kareM to yaha sahajagamya ho jAtA hai ki tapa evaM Asana donoM eka-dUsare ke pUraka haiN| tapazcaryA meM Asana yoga samAhita hai to Asanayoga meM tapa bhI samAviSTa hai|

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116... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka sukhapUrvaka adhikatama samaya taka sthira hokara zarIra ko sAdhanA Asana kahalAtA hai| sAdhaka tapazcaryA meM kisI na kisI sthiti meM zarIra ko sAdhakara rakhatA hai| svAmI svAtmArAma ne Asana kI yathArtha sthiti kA citraNa karate hue kahA hai ki Asana se na kevala zarIra svastha rahatA hai balki vaha zarIra ke bhArIpana ko dUrakara use Alasya mukta rakhatA hai / bAhyataH tapa kA bhI yahI prabhAva dekhA jAtA hai| 17 bauddha dharma meM tapazcaryA ke lie Asana ko anivArya mAnA hai| vaidika paramparA bhI 'sthira sukhamAsanaM' ko svIkAra karatI hai| sAmAnyatayA trividha-paramparAoM meM tapoyoga hetu nizcita AsanoM ke prayoga kA nirdeza hai| jisa Asana dvArA mana sthira hotA hai vahI Asana tapArAdhanA ke lie upayogI kahA gayA hai| tapa sAdhanA kAla meM cittasthairya paramAvazyaka hai aura usakA sadbhAva padmAsana, siddhAsana, vajrAsana Adi se hI zakya hai| isa prakAra siddha hotA hai ki tapa aura Asana ke bIca eka avibhAjya sambandha hai / tapa aura prANAyAma tapazcaryA ke yathArtha svarUpa ko ujAgara karane meM prANAyAma eka mahattvapUrNa ghaTaka hai| prANAyAma ke dvArA prANa kA niyantraNa evaM mana kI caJcalatA dUra hotI hai| tapazcaryA ke lie mana kI ekAgratA anivArya hai| usa sthiti meM prANAyAma prayoga se tapaHsAdhanA ko sulabha aura sarala banAyA jA sakatA hai| vAyu ke grahaNa aura niSkAsana kI prakriyA zvasana kriyA hai| isI zvasana praNAlI ko niyantrita karanA prANAyAma hai| yoga darzana ke anusAra prANAyAma citta saMskAroM ko sthira banAkara avidyA Adi klezoM ko naSTa kara viveka khyAti ko prApta karAne meM sahAyakabhUta hai | 18 vaidika mantavya meM viveka khyAti hI jJAna kA caramotkarSa hai aura prakArAntara se ise hI tapa kA parama utsa svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| bauddha mata meM prANAyAma 'AnApAnasmRti' ke nAma se vizruta hai| isake abhyAsa se karmasthAna kI bhAvanA siddha hotI hai jo tapa kA hI pratirUpa hai| isakI sahAyatA se bauddha anuyAyI vizeSa phala ko prApta karate haiN| 19 jaina cintana meM prANAyAma, tapazcaryA kA eka pramukha sAdhana mAnA gayA hai| tapazcaryA meM mana ko saMkleza rahita karane evaM zarIra ko sAdhane meM prANAyAma AdhArabhUta tattva hai|

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva... 117 zramaNa evaM vaidika saMskRti kI prAyaH sabhI paramparAoM meM bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke prANAyAmoM kA ullekha hai jo zarIra sthita vibhinna prakAra kI vAyu ko niyantrita kara mana caJcalatA ko dUra karate haiN| mana kI caJcala vRttiyoM ko zAnta kiye binA tapoyoga sambhava nahIM hai| zarIra zAstra ke anusAra mana aura vAyu ke bIca ghaniSTha sambandha hai / prANAyAma vAyu ko niyantrita karake sampUrNa deha ko niyantraNa meM rakhatA hai| zarIra niyantraNa kA abhiprAya indriya niyantraNa hai| zarIra evaM indriya ina donoM ke niyantraNa se tapazcaryA kSetra meM samucita vikAsa kara jIvana ke carama lakSya ko prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai| ukta varNana ke AdhAra para kaha sakate haiM ki tapa siddhi ke lie prANAyAma eka Avazyaka sAdhana hai| prANAyAma se tapa: karma ko dRr3ha bala evaM puSTa AdhAra prApta hotA hai, tapo sAdhanA meM abhivRddhi hotI hai evaM tapazcaryA kA mArga niSkaNTaka banatA hai| ataH tapa kAla meM prANAyAma avazya karanA caahie| tapa aura dhyAna tapazcaryA meM dhyAna kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| dhyAna mana kI caMcalatAvikalatA - viSamatA ko haTAkara use Atma kendrita karatA hai jisakA avasAna samAdhi mAnA gayA hai| svarUpataH tapa kA utsa bhI prakArAntara se samAdhi hI mAnA jAtA hai, kyoMki tapasvI ko vairAgI kahA jAtA hai / vairAgI vahI kahalAtA hai jo vAsanA rUpI saMskAra ko nirmUla kara detA hai| samAdhi kI pUrNa avasthA isI sthiti kA dyotaka hai| maharSi pataJjali ne ukta kathana kI spaSTatA meM kahA hai ki dhyAna ke nirantara abhyAsa se kusaMskAroM kA abhAva ho jAtA hai aura yaha avasthA nirbIja samAdhi hai| 20 bauddha paramparA meM citta kuzaloM ko sthira karanA hI dhyAna mAnA gayA hai aura isI dhyAna ko nirvANa prApti meM sAdhakatama kahA hai| jaina paramparA meM citta ekAgratA ko dhyAna kahA hai tathA use saMvara aura nirjarA kA kAraNa batalAyA hai jo antataH mokSa-prApti kA hetu banatA hai / 21 tapazcaryA aura dhyAnAbhyAsa meM mukhyataH bheda nahIM hai / bhAratIya cintakoM ne dhyAna ke paryAya ke rUpa meM tapa, samAdhi, svAntanigraha, antaHsaMlInatA, samarasI bhAva jaise- zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| isa sambandha meM mUla pATha nimnokta hai - yogo dhyAnaM samAdhizca, ghI- rodhaH svAntanigrahaH, antaHsaMlInatA ceti, tatparyAyAH smRtA budhaiH 1 22

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118...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka ataH spaSTa hai ki prayojana kI dRSTi se tapa aura dhyAna meM prAya: sAmya hai| AtmA meM ina donoM kA samanvaya sthApita karate hue kahA gayA hai ki AtmA, apanI AtmA ke dvArA, apanI AtmA ke lie, apanI AtmA ke hetu se, apanI AtmA meM, apanI AtmA kA hI dhyAna karatA hai|23 tapazcaryA aura dhyAna kAla meM mUlata: Atmatattva kA hI anubhava karanA hotA hai| isa prakAra kiJca hetuoM se dhyAna aura tapa samastarIya haiN| yadyapi tapazcaryA dhyAna yukta ho to pUrNa phaladAyI hotI hai tathA anantara se mokSa sukha upalabdha karavAtI hai| vividha dRSTiyoM se tapa sAdhanA kI mUlyavattA jaina sAdhanA kA lakSya mokSa yA zuddha Atma tattva kI upalabdhi hai aura vaha tapa sAdhanA se hI saMbhava hai| bhAratIya paramparA meM tapa kA kyA sthAna hai? tapa yoga kA mUlya kyA hai? isa tathya ke sambandha meM jaina sAhitya hI nahIM, varan hindU aura bauddha AgamoM meM bhI vizada varNana prApta hotA hai| tapa bhAratIya sAdhanA kA prANa hai| jisa prakAra zarIra meM uSmA jIvana ke astitva kA dyotaka hai, usI prakAra sAdhanA meM tapa bhI usake divya astitva kA bodha karAtA hai| tapa AdhyAtmika uSmA hai| dharma ke binA ahiMsA, saMyama aura satya kA koI astitva nahIM hai| tapa rahita ahiMsA, ahiMsA nahIM hai, tapa rahita satya, satya nahIM hai, tapa rahita sAdhanA, sAdhanA nahIM hai| isIlie dharma kI vyAkhyA karate hue AgamoM meM kahA gayA hai ki "ahiMsA saMjamo tvo|" ahiMsA, saMyama aura tapa - yaha dharma kI triveNI hai| dharma kI isa tripathagA meM tapa anta meM hai kintu isakA artha yaha nahIM hai ki vaha tRtIya zreNI kA dharma hai, kintu isase yahI siddha hotA hai ki tapa sarvopari hai aura vaha ahiMsA evaM saMyama sAdhanA ke lie bhI Avazyaka hai| binA tapa ke ahiMsA evaM saMyama apane pUrNatva svarUpa ko prApta nahIM hote| tapa kA dAyarA atyanta vyApaka hai, isalie usakA mUlyAMkana aneka dRSTiyoM se kiyA jA sakatA hai| jaina dharma kI dRSTi se- jaina dharma meM tapa ko dharma kA prANa tattva mAnA gayA hai| jaina dharma kA mukhya stambha zramaNa kahA jAtA hai, vaha tapa kI sAkSAta pratimA hotA hai| Apako avagata hogA ki Aja jise hama jaina dharma kahate haiM vaha prAcIna

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva...119 samaya meM 'nirgrantha dharma' yA 'zramaNa dharma' kahalAtA thaa| jaina AgamoM se jJAta hotA hai ki prAcIna yuga meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ko 'jaina muni' nahIM, kintu sthAna-sthAna para 'niggaMthe nAyaputte" athavA "samaNe bhagavaM mahAvIre'' inhIM vizeSaNoM se pukArA gayA hai| isase yaha patA calatA hai ki pUrvakAla meM jaina muniyoM ko nirgrantha aura zramaNa kahA jAtA thaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne sAdhu ke cAra nAma batAye haiM24 mAhaNe tti vA, samaNe tti vA / bhikkhu tti vA, nigganthe tti vA / / ina nAmoM kA vizleSaNa karate hue vRttikAra AcArya zIlAMka ne kahA haikisI bhI prANI kI hiMsA na karane kI jisakI pravRtti hai vaha mAhana kahalAtA hai| jaisA ki mUla pATha hai - "mAhaNa tti pravRttiryasyA'sau maahnH|" jo zAstra kI nIti evaM maryAdA ke anusAra "yaH zAstranItyA tapasA karma bhinatti sa bhikssuH|" tapa sAdhanA karatA huA karma bandhanoM kA bhedana karatA hai, vaha bhikSu hai|25 AcArya bhadrabAhu ke anusAra "jo bhiMdei khuhaM khalu so bhikkhU bhAvao hoi|" jo mana kI bhUkha arthAta tRSNA evaM Asakti kA bhedana karatA hai, vahI bhAva rUpa meM bhikSu hai|26 nimrantha kI paribhASA karate hue batAyA gayA hai ki "nigrato graMthAda nimrnthH|" jo granthi yAnI gAMTha se rahita hai, vaha nirgrantha hai|27 ___ zramaNa ko paribhASita karate hue kahA gayA hai ki "zrAmyati tapasA khidyata iti kRtvA zramaNaH" arthAta jo tapasyA ke dvArA zarIra ko kheda-khinna karatA hai vaha zramaNa hai|28 yahA~ 'zramaNa' zabda ko vizleSita karane kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki use jainAgamoM meM tapasvI kA vAcaka aura pratIka mAnA gayA hai| jaina dharma kI yaha gauravamayI paramparA zramaNa ke bala para hI pravartita hai| yadi zramaNa jaisA sAdhaka maujUda na ho to tapa dharma hI kyA, jaina dharma bhI jIvanta nahIM raha sktaa| jaina zramaNa kA sAdhanA mantra hI tapa hotA hai| __ jaina dharma ke aitihAsika granthoM kA adhyayana karane para patA calatA hai ki yahA~ jitane bhI mahApuruSa hue haiM una sabhI ne tapa dvArA ucca pada ko prApta kiyA

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120... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka hai| isa vizva meM jitane bhI zreSTha pada haiM unheM tapa ke dvArA hI prApta kiyA gayA hai| isa yuga ke AdipuruSa, prathama tIrthaGkara bhagavAna RSabhadeva ne eka hajAra varSa taka kaThora tapazcaryA karake kevalajJAna prApta kiyaa| 29 zAyada hama aisA mAna lete haiM ki mahApuruSoM ko sahaja hI siddhiyA~ prApta ho jAtI haiM kintu vaisA " na bhUto na bhaviSyati / " bhagavAna mahAvIra ne bhI sAr3he bAraha varSa kI ugra tapasyA dvArA hI kevalajJAna ko upalabdha kiyaa| unakI kaThora tapa sAdhanA kA ullekha bauddha granthoM meM bhI kiyA gayA hai| vahA~ prabhu mahAvIra ko " dIghatapassI" kahA gayA hai| AcArAMga, Avazyakaniryukti, AvazyakacUrNi Adi granthoM meM bhI bhagavAna mahAvIra kI kaThina tapasyA kA romAMcakArI varNana prApta hotA hai| AcArAMgasUtra ke prathama zrutaskandha ke nauveM adhyayana kA paThana to hRdaya ko dravita kara detA hai, pAThaka ghora Azcarya meM DUba jAtA hai| AcArya bhadrabAhu ne yahA~ taka likhA hai ki anya tIrthaGkaroM kI apekSA bhagavAna mahAvIra kA tapa karma atyanta ugra thA | 30 bolacAla kI bhASA meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki teIsa tIrthaGkaroM kI tapasyA eka tarapha aura bhagavAna mahAvIra kI tapasyA eka tarapha yAnI teIsa tIrthaGkaroM kI tulanA meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI tapo sAdhanA kaI guNA adhika thii| sAmAnya taura para kaheM to unhoMne bAraha varSa aura teraha pakSa kI dIrgha avadhi meM mAtra 349 dina AhAra grahaNa kiyA thA, zeSa dina ve nirjala aura nirAhAra hI rhe| 31 prabhu ke tapa sAdhanA kI tAlikA isa prakAra hai 32 - eka - cha: mAsI tapa, eka-pA~ca dina nyUna chaH mAsI tapa, nau- cAturmAsika tapa, do - trimAsika tapa, do - sArdha dvimAsika tapa, chaha- dvimAsika tapa, do-sArdha mAsika tapa, bAraha- mAsika tapa, bahattara - pAkSika tapa, eka-bhadra pratimA (do dina), eka - mahAbhadra pratimA (cAra dina), eka - sarvatobhadra pratimA (dasa dina), do sau unatIsa - chaTTha bhakta, bAraha - aSTama bhkt| isake atirikta saMgamadevakRta upasarga, zUlapANiyakSa kRta upasarga, caNDakauzika sarpa dvArA diyA gayA upasarga, kaTapUtanA nAmaka vyantarI devI dvArA kiyA gayA upasarga, lambI avadhi taka nAsAgra dRSTi dhyAna, khar3e-khar3e kAyotsarga dhyAna, kITa-jantuoM dvArA kiye gaye upadrava, abhigraha, rUkSa tuccha AhAra kA sevana Adi dvAdaza prakAra sambandhI tapo yoga kI saMkhyA to anaginata hai|

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva...121 bhagavAna mahAvIra ke jIvana kA talasparzI adhyayana kiyA jAye to yaha niHsaMkoca kahA jA sakatA hai ki ve tapo vijJAna ke eka advitIya mahApuruSa the| unhoMne apane samaya meM pracalita deha damana rUpa bahirmukha tapa ko Abhyantara tapa ke sAtha jor3a use vyApaka aura AdhyAtmika rUpa pradAna kiyaa| __tapa kI mUlyavattA ko samajhane ke lie yaha kahanA bhI Avazyaka hogA ki bhagavAna mahAvIra ne svayaM hI tapa karma nahIM kiyA apitu unake ziSya aura ziSyAe~ bhI utkRSTa tapa kI sAdhanA karatI rahI haiN| antakRtdazA, anuttaraupapAtikadazA Adi Agama pRSThoM para dhannA aNagAra, prasannacandra rAjarSi, metArAja muni jaise- ugra sAdhakoM ke tapa kI eka lambI sUcI prApta hotI hai|33 zeSa bAIsa tIrthaGkara bhI chadmastha avasthA meM tapa sAdhanA se jur3e rahe haiN| yadi sabhI tIrthaGkaroM ke pUrva bhavoM kA adhyayana kareM to patA calatA hai ki unhoMne pUrva bhavoM meM mahAn tapArAdhanAe~ kI thiiN| bIsa sthAnaka tapa kI ArAdhanA karane kA ullekha to sabhI tIrthaGkaroM ke lie samAna rUpa se prApta hotA hI hai| pUrvAcAryoM evaM gItArtha maniyoM ne isa bAta kI puSTi karate hae kahA hai - "tIje bhava vara thAnaka tapakarI, jeNe bAMdhyu jina nAma" isI prakAra anya tapoM kA varNana bhI par3hane ko milatA hai jaise ki Avazyakaniyukti,34 AvazyakacarNi35 aura samavAyAMgaTIkA36 ke anusAra bhagavAna mahAvIra ke jIva ne nandanabhava (25vA~ bhava) meM eka lAkha varSa taka nirantara mAsakSamaNa kI tapasyA kI thI aura una mAsakSamaNoM kI saMkhyA 11,60,000 thii|37 tapa mahattva ke sambandha meM yaha bhI ullekhanIya hai ki sabhI tIrthaGkara tapa ke sAtha hI pravrajyA grahaNa karate haiM, unheM tapa yukta avasthA meM hI kevalajJAna aura kevaladarzana kI prApti hotI hai tathA unheM nirvANapada kI prApti bhI tapa karma ke sAtha hI hotI hai| kisa tIrthaGkara ne kauna se tapa ke sAtha dIkSA, kevalajJAna aura nirvANa ko prApta kiyA yaha varNana bhI spaSTa rUpa se dekhA jAtA hai| Age tapa vidhiyoM meM isakI paryApta carcA kreNge| isa prakAra hama kaha sakate haiM ki jaina dharma meM tapazcaraNa kI paramparA anAdi, tIrthaGkara sevita va avicchinna rUpa se pravartita hai| tIrthaGkara kI dRSTi meM- sAmAnyatayA zreSThatA kI pRthak-pRthak zreNiyA~ hotI hai| jainatva kI apekSA isa duniyA~ meM tIrthaGkara puruSa sarvotkRSTa zreNI meM Ate haiM, koI bhI vyakti unakI bAhya yA Abhyantara zakti kI tulanA meM nahIM hotaa| hamase

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122...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka bahuta adhika zakti sampanna devI-devatA bhI tIrthaGkaroM ke caraNa-yugaloM meM mastaka TikAye hara pala sevArata rahate haiN| AcArya hemacandra ne vItarAgastotra meM kahA hai ki tIrthaGkara puruSa eka karor3a devatA se sadaiva parivRtta rahate haiM arthAta unakI sevA meM eka karor3a deva hamezA vidyamAna rahate haiN|38 NamutthuNaM (zakrastava) meM tIrthaGkaroM ko 'loguttamANaM, loganAhANaM' - loka meM uttama, loka ke nAtha Adi vizeSaNoM se sambodhita kara unakI stuti kI gayI hai| pUrva puruSoM ke nirdezAnusAra kahA jAtA hai ki saMsAra meM unake jaisA anya koI jIva puNyazAlI nahIM hotaa| ve anantabala, anantasukha aura anantasampadA ke svAmI hote haiN| hA~, to yahA~ tIrthaGkara pada kI carcA karane kA bhAva yaha hai ki yaha saMsAra kI utkRSTa padavI tapa sAdhanA se prApta hotI hai| jJAtAdharmakathAsUtra meM tIrthaGkara gautra bAMdhane ke bIsa upAya batalAye gaye haiN| unameM sevA, svAdhyAya, tapazcaryA, gurubhakti, jJAnArAdhanA Adi kA antarbhAva hotA hai|39 ye upAya bAraha prakAra ke tapa meM gine jAte haiN| jaba sAdhaka nirdiSTa upAyoM ko utkRSTa rUpa se vahana kara bhAva vizuddhi ko prApta karatA hai tabhI vaha tIrthaGkara gautra karma kA upArjana karatA hai| yaha anubhUta satya hai ki binA sAdhanA ke siddhi nahIM miltii| jaina dharma meM sAdhanA kA eka artha tapa hai| tIrthaGkaroM ke bAda bhAvitAtmA aNagAradharmI yAnI muni dharma kA pada zreSTha mAnA gayA hai| yaha sAdhu kA pada bhI tapa sAdhanA ke dvArA hI prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai| "sAdhu hovai so sAdhai kAyA" jo zarIra ko, mana ko sAdhatA hai, tapAtA hai, vahI sAdhu hotA hai| pUrva meM zramaNa kI vyAkhyA meM bhI batAyA gayA hai ki jo zrama karatA hai, tapa karatA hai vahI zramaNa, vahI tapasvI hotA hai| sArAMza yaha hai ki tIrthaGkara aura muni jaise durlabha pada bhI tapoyoga se sahaja hAsila hote haiN| ___granthoM kI dRSTi se- jaina paramparA ke kaI granthoM meM tapa mahattA ke svara guMjAyamAna hai| upAdhyAya yazovijaya jI racita 'jJAnasAra' kA 31vA~ aSTaka tapa sambandhita hai| isa aSTaka ke prArambha meM bAhya aura Abhyantara dvividha tapoM ko iSTa mAnA gayA hai| antaraMga tapa to iSTa hotA hI hai kintu use vRddhigata karane vAlA hone se bAhya tapa bhI iSTa rUpa se AcaraNIya hai| isameM tapasvI kauna? tapa sAdhanA kA adhikArI kauna? tapa sAdhanA ke Avazyaka niyama Adi viSayoM para samyak

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva...123 prakAza DAlA gayA hai| somaprabhasUri (terahavIM zatI) racita sindUraprakaraNa meM tapa kA mUlyAMkana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki yat pUrvArjitakarmazaila kulizaM, yatkAmadAvAnalajvAlAjAlajalaM yaduprakaraNa, graamaahimntraakssrm| yatpratyUhatamaH samUhadivasaM, yallabdhi lakSmIlatA mUlaM tadvividhaM yathAvidhi tapaH, kurvItavItaspRhaH / / 81 / / tapa kA prabhAva acintya hai| yaha tapa pUrva saJcita karma rUpI parvatoM ke lie vajra samAna, kAma rUpI dAvAnala ko zAnta karane ke lie jala samAna, atyanta ugra indriya samUha rUpI sarpa viSa ko dUra karane ke lie mantrAkSara samAna tathA vighna rUpa gAr3ha andhakAra kA bhedana karane ke lie dina ke samAna hai| isakA spaSTArtha yaha hai ki jo AtmAe~ nispRha bhAva se vidhi pUrvaka tapArAdhanA karatI haiM una AtmAoM ke dvArA pUrva bhavoM meM upArjita kiye gaye karma rUpI parvatoM ko tapa rUpI vajra kSaNabhara meM vinaSTa kara detA hai, jisake hRdaya meM kAma rUpI dAvAnala kI pracaNDa jvAlAe~ sulaga rahI hoM vaha AtmA tapa dharma rUpa jala dvArA una jvAlAoM ko zAnta kara detA hai, atyanta ugra svabhAvI indriyoM ke viSa ko tapa rUpI mantrAkSara kSaNArdha meM dUra kara dete haiN| vighna rUpa gAr3ha andhakAra tapArAdhanA rUpa divasa dvArA naSTa ho jAtA hai tathA labdhi rUpI lakSmI latA kI jar3a tapArAdhanA hai arthAta tapArAdhanA dvArA aneka prakAra kI labdhiyA~ prApta hotI haiN| isalie nispRha bhAva se vidhi pUrvaka tapa karanA caahie| sindUraprakaraNa ke granthakAra tapa dharma ke mUlya kA varNana karate hue yaha bhI kahate haiM ki yasmAd vighnaparaMparA vighaTate, dAsyaM surAH kurvate, kAmaH zAmyati dAmyatIndriyagaNaH, kalyANamutsarpati / unmIlanti mahardhayaH kalayati, dhvaMsaM cayaH karmaNAM, svAdhInaM tridivaM zivaM ca bhavati, zlAghyaM tapastanna kim||82|| tapa dharma kI ArAdhanA se vighna kI paramparA kA nAza hotA hai, devatA sevA karate haiM, kAmavAsanAe~ zAnta ho jAtI haiM, indriya niyantraNa kI zakti pragaTatI hai, kalyANa kA vistAra hotA hai, mahAn RddhiyA~ prApta hotI haiM, karma samUha kA nAza hotA hai, svarga svAdhIna hotA hai aura mokSa prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai| isa taraha tapoyoga nirmUlata: prazaMsA yogya hai|

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124... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka karma granthakAra tapa dharma kI mahattA darzAte hue isa bAta ko siddha karate haiM ki samUha ko naSTa karane ke lie tapa ke sivAya anya koI sAdhana nahIM haikAntAraM na yathetaro jvalayituM, dakSo davAgniM vinA, dAvAgniM na yathAparaH zamayituM zakto vinAmbhodharam / niSNAtaH pavanaM vinA nirasituM nAnyo yathAmbhodharam, karmoghaM tapasA vinA kimaparo, hantuM samarthastathA / 183 / / jisa prakAra jaMgala ko naSTa karane ke lie sAmAnya agni nahIM, vahA~ to dAvAnala hI upayogI hotA hai, dAvAnala ko zAnta karane ke lie kUpa, sarovara Adi kA alpa jala kAma nahIM AtA, vahA~ bAdala kI varSA hI dAvAnala ko zAnta kara sakatI hai tathA bAdaloM ke samUha ko chinna-bhinna karane ke lie paMkhe kA pavana kAma nahIM AtA vahA~ to prAkRtika pracaNDa pavana hI megha samUha ko bikhera sakatA hai, usI prakAra karma samUha kA nAza sAmAnya kriyAkANDa rUpa dharma se sambhava nahIM hai| unheM naSTa karane meM tapa ArAdhanA hI samartha hotI hai| isa carcA se siddha hotA hai ki karma samUha ko bhasmIbhUta karane meM tapa dharma hI zaktizAlI hai| sindUraprakaraNa ke racayitA nimna zloka dvArA tapa dharma ke Abhyantara guNoM ko darzAte hue usakA mahattva batAte haiM ki saMtoSasthUlamUlaH prazamaparikaraH, paMcAkSIrodhazAkhaH skandhabandhaprapaMcaH, sphuradabhayadalaH, pUrasekAdvipulakulabalaizvarya zIlasaMpatpravAlaH / saundaryabhogaH, zraddhAmbhaH svargAdiprApti puSpa: zivapada phaladaH, syAttapaH pAdapo'yam: / / 84 / / isa zloka meM tapa dharma ko kalpavRkSa kI upamA se upamita karate hue granthakAra kahate haiM ki phailI huI tapa rUpa kalpavRkSa kI mukhya jar3a santoSa guNa pradhAna hai, usa vRkSa kI zAkhA Adi ( skandha baMdha) zAnti ke upakaraNa haiM, pA~ca indriyoM ko niyantraNa meM rakhanA - vaha kalpavRkSa kI choTI-bar3I DAliyA~ haiM, jIvoM ko abhayadAna denA- kalpavRkSa kA patra samUha hai, zIla rUpa sampatti ko saheja kara rakhanA - kalpavRkSa ke navIna patroM kA udbhava hai, zraddhA rUpa jala ke siMcana se prakaTa huA ucca kula, bala, aizvarya, saundarya, sAMsArika sukhopabhoga aura svargAdi kI prApti- ye sabhI kalpavRkSa ke puSpa haiM tathA mokSa kI prApti yaha kalpavRkSa kA phala hai| isa varNana se kahA jA sakatA hai ki tapa dharma sabhI dharmoM

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva...125 kA mUla hai aura isake mAdhyama se samagra siddhiyA~ evaM samRddhiyA~ pAyI jA sakatI haiN| anya prAcIna granthoM meM tapa kA vaiziSTya batalAte hue kahA gayA hai ki athiraMpi thira vaMkaMpi, ujjuaM dullahaM vi taha sulahaM / durujjhaM vi surUjhaM, taveNa saMpajjae kajjaM / / arthAta tapa ke prabhAva se asthira mana sthira hotA hai, vakra citta vAlA sarala ho jAtA hai, durlabha vastu sulabha ho jAtI hai aura dIrgha prayatna se siddha hone vAlA kArya saralatA se ho jAtA hai| isase adhika kyA kahA jAye? jagata meM kahIM bhI kisI prakAra kA sukha dekhA jAtA hai usakA kAraNa tapa hI hai| Ayurveda kI dRSTi se- anubhUti ke stara para kahA jAtA hai ki tapa se tana kI zuddhi hotI hai, zarIra meM rakta kA pravAha sahI rUpa se hotA hai, pAcanatantra ThIka se saMcAlita rahatA hai| niyamita bhojana ke sevana se pAcana kriyA gar3abar3A jAtI hai, kyoMki bhojana ko pacAne vAlA tantra bhI eka prakAra se mazIna jaisA kArya karatA hai| kisI bhI mazIna kA adhika upayoga karane para usakA kharAba honA nizcita hai jabaki tapasyA karate rahane para use vizrAma milatA hai| dUsarI bAta jaba pAcana kriyA ThIka nahIM hotI hai to kaI bImAriyA~ utpanna ho jAtI haiM, kintu tapa se rogoM kA zamana hotA hai jaise ki kisI vyakti ko kabja kI takalIpha hai to samajhiye usakI agni (pAcanatantra) manda hai aura usake kAraNa gaisa Adi bImAriyA~ utpanna ho jAtI haiM lekina tapa karane se agni kI zakti svayameva bar3ha jAtI hai aura usake prabhAva se pAcanatantra sucAru rUpa se kArya karane lagatA hai| pariNAmata: kabjiyata Adi kI samasyAe~ dUra ho zarIra svasthatA ko prApta hotA hai| tapa ke daurAna navIna anna grahaNa na karane se pUrva bhukta anna kA pAcana bhI samyak prakAra se ho jAtA hai jisase purAne doSa bhI naSTa ho jAte haiN| pratyuta jamA huA purAnA mala tapa se bhasma ho jAtA hai| kahane kA bhAvArtha yaha hai ki tapa sAdhanA se zarIra niroga va pUrNa svastha rahatA hai| kiMvadantI hai ki eka bAra devatAoM ke vaidya azvinI kumAra adbhuta yogI kA rUpa banAkara mahAn cikitsaka AcArya vAgbhaTTa ke pAsa pahuMce, unase prazna kiyA - vaidya pravara! aisI kaunasI auSadha hai jo na pRthvI para paidA hotI hai, na parvata para lagatI hai aura na hI jala meM paidA hotI hai, jisameM kisI prakAra kA rasa

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126... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka nahIM hai tathApi vaha zarIra ke lie atyanta hitakara hai| 40 vAgbhaTTa ne cintana ke sAgara meM DubakI lagAte hue kahA - Ayurveda meM eka mahAn auSadhi hai jo na bhUmi para paidA hotI hai, na parvata para aura jala meM hI / usa auSadhi kA nAma hai laMghana | 41 yogI usa uttara ko sunakara prasanna vadana vahA~ se prasthita ho gyaa| isa varNana se nirNIta hotA hai ki Ayurveda kI apekSA tapa kA gaharA mahattva hai| prAkRtika cikitsA kI dRSTi se- Adhunika yuga meM prAkRtika cikitsA paddhati lokamAnasa meM atyadhika priya bana cukI hai| yaha avagata honA cAhie ki isa cikitsA paddhati meM kisI taraha kI auSadhi kA upayoga nahIM hotA, kevala sAttvika bhojana yA upavAsa ke dvArA zArIrika zuddhi karavAyI jAtI hai| kucha samaya pUrva isa cikitsA meM cikitsajJa upavAsa ke daurAna nIbU, zahada, loMga Adi kA upayoga karanA Avazyaka mAnate the, parantu zanai: zanai: gahare anusandhAna ke bala para ve isa niSkarSa para pahuMca rahe haiM ki upavAsa meM kevala garama pAnI ke atirikta kucha bhI nahIM lenA caahie| unakA abhimata yaha hai ki jaba zarIra meM bhArIpana mahasUsa ho, darda, apaca yA jvara Adi kI sthiti paidA ho usa samaya upavAsa kara lenA caahie| upavAsa se zarIra meM jo nirupayogI yA gande koza haiM ve zIghra hI bAhara nikala jAte haiM aura zarIra rogoM se ThIka ho jAtA hai / upavAsa dvArA zarIra meM huI rakta kaNoM kI kamI dhIre-dhIre pUrI ho jAtI hai arthAta zveta kaNa (WBC) kramaza: ghaTane lagate haiM aura rakta kaNa (RBC) bar3hane lagate haiN| isake sivAya yadi zarIra meM zarkarA kI mAtrA adhika ho to vaha jalakara naSTa ho jAtI hai| 42 vastutaH upavAsa ke prArambhika kAla meM zarIra yantra zuddhi prArambha karatA hai jisase zarIra meM rahe hue purAne doSa mUtra ke dvArA nirgata hote haiN| gurdA mUtra ke dvArA andara meM rahA huA kUr3A bAhara pheMkatA hai / jaba zarIra ke sabhI mala bAhara nikala jAte haiM taba mUtra Adi meM pUrNa svAbhAvikatA A jAtI hai| zarIra meM bar3hI huI amlatA bhI upavAsa se kama ho jAtI hai| kitane hI vyaktiyoM ko upavAsa kAla meM siradarda, vamana, becainI, ghabarAhaTa Adi adhika mAtrA meM hone lagatI hai| isase adhikAMza vratI yaha samajhate haiM ki amlatA meM vRddhi ho rahI hai para vAstavikatA yaha hai ki isase pitta Adi zarIra se bAhara hokara use rogamukta banAte haiN| jo amlatA bAda meM parezAna karatI yA naSTa hotI vaha upavAsa dvArA pahale udaya meM Akara kSINa ho jAtI hai|

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva...127 pUrva meM kaha cuke haiM ki niyamita athavA adhika mAtrA meM bhojana karane se zarIra yantroM ko pacAne ke lie utanA hI zrama karanA hotA hai| jaba upavAsa ke mAdhyama se bhojana banda kara diyA jAtA hai taba zarIra, pAcana saMsthAna Adi sabhI ko vizrAnti milatI hai, pariNAmasvarUpa zarIra meM jamA huA mala bAhara nikala jAtA hai| DaoN. je.eca. TiDena ke matAnusAra zarIra ke dUSita padArthoM kI nikAsI ke lie upavAsa se bar3hakara dUsarI koI cikitsA nahIM hai, yahI eka viziSTa aura vizvasanIya upacAra hai|43 | DaoN. pheleksa esa.ela. AsavAlDa ke mantavyAnusAra zarIra kI bhItarI saphAI ke lie upavAsa sabase uttama tarIkA hai| varSa bhara meM kevala tIna dina ke upavAsa se zarIra kI saphAI karane aura viSaile padArthoM ko naSTa karane meM jitanI saphalatA pA sakate haiM utanI raktazodhaka kar3avI auSadhiyoM kI saikar3oM botaloM ke sevana se bhI nahIM mila sktii| _zarIra vijJAna ke anusAra zarIra ke pratyeka avayava meM nita naye kozoM kA nirmANa hotA hai| jitanA adhika zArIrika zrama kiyA jAtA hai, zrama ke anupAta se koza naSTa hone kI gati meM bhI abhivRddhi ho jAtI hai| niyamata: bAlyakAla se kozoM meM abhivRddhi hotI hai tathA praur3hAvasthA meM kozoM kI vRddhi rukakara sthira ho jAtI hai| isI taraha rugNAvasthA meM bhI kozoM kI mAtrA ghaTane lagatI hai jabaki upavAsa dvArA deha zuddhi hone se kozoM kI ghaTatI mAtrA meM kamI A jAtI hai| ___ vAstavikatA yaha hai ki upavAsa kAla meM zarIra meM se carbI koza kI mAtrA avazya kama hotI hai, kinta vibhinna avayavoM ko saJcAlita karane kI zakti bar3ha jAtI hai| itanA hI nahIM atirikta carbI dUra hone se zarIra meM sphUrti, mastiSka meM cintana zakti aura vicAroM meM sphuraNAe~ bar3ha jAtI haiN| Adhunika vaijJAnikoM ne upavAsa tapa ke sambandha meM jo bhI mantavya prastuta kiye haiM vaha tapa kI mUlyavattA ke viSaya meM bahuta kama haiN| tIrthaGkara puruSoM ne isase kaI gunA adhika zArIrika lAbhoM ko zAstrIya bhASA meM upadiSTa kiyA hai| Aja vijJAna jise siddha kara rahA hai yA anusandhAna prayoga se kucha pratyakSa karake darzA rahA hai kevalajJAniyoM kI jJAna paryAya meM vaha saba binA prayoga ke pratyakSa siddha hai| unheM kisI prayogazAlA kI jarUrata nahIM rhtii|

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128... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka Aja ke buddhijIviyoM ko vizvasta karane hetu vaijJAnika anusandhAna ke udAharaNoM ko prastuta kiyA gayA hai aura usase yaha pramANita hotA hai ki jJAna meM apUrNa vijJAna bhI jaba tapa ke mUlya ko pratyakSa anubhava kara rahA hai taba pUrNa jJAnI tIrthaGkara puruSa kA kahA huA athavA jAnA huA satyAMza satya hai / yahA~ yaha bhI jAna lenA cAhie ki upavAsa kAla meM kabhI-kabhAra roga ubhara Ate haiM; kintu unase ghabarAne kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| pratyuta vaha ubhAra roga se mukta lakSaNa hai| kA vaijJAnika dRSTi se - vaijJAnika dRSTikoNa se bhI tapaH sAdhanA kA mahattva bahuta adhika hai| zarIra zAstriyoM kA mAnanA hai ki zarIra kA Abhyantara yantra rabar3a kI naliyoM ke sadRza hai, jo vyakti adhika bhojana karatA hai usakI vaha nalI phaila jAtI hai| usa nalI ke phailane se rakta saMcaraNa kI svAbhAvika kriyA meM vyAghAta hotA hai jabaki upavAsa Adi tapa ke daurAna bhojana grahaNa na karane se naliyA~ sikur3akara apanI svAbhAvika sthiti meM A jAtI haiN| rakta meM se vyartha kA pAnI nikala jAtA hai aura rakta gAr3hA bana jAtA hai jisase zarIra meM halkApana anubhava hotA hai| kintu nalikAoM kI dIvAra se zIghra hI purAnA zleSma nikalakara rakta mizrita ho jAtA hai phalataH vyakti ko becainI kA anubhava ho sakatA hai, para jaba zleSma mUtra dvArA bAhara nikala jAtA hai to puna: becainI yA ghabarAhaTa miTa jAtI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki tapasviyoM ko upavAsa ke pAMcaveM chaTheM dina kI apekSA bIsaveM-ikkIsaveM dina adhika zakti kA anubhava hotA hai / zarIra meM se sampUrNa mala vikAra nikala jAne se svasthatA meM abhivRddhi hotI hai| zruta ArAdhanA kI dRSTi se - pUrvAcAryoM ne kahA hai ki jJAna sAra saMsAra mAM, jJAna parama sukha heta / jJAna binA jaga jIvar3o, na lahe tattva saMketa / / isa saMsAra meM jJAna uttama hai, vahI parama sukha kA hetu hai aura usake binA isa jagata kA koI bhI jIva tattvabodha ko prApta nahIM kara sktaa| samasta prakAra ke jJAnoM meM zruta jJAna zreSTha hai, kyoMki vaha unmArgagAmI jIva ko sanmArga kI ora le jAtA hai| isa zruta jJAna meM aneka gahana zAstroM kA samAveza hai isIlie AcArya haribhadra ne usakI tulanA samudra ke sAtha kI hai / ve bhagavAna mahAvIra kI stuti karate hue kahate haiM. -

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva...129 bodhAgAdhaM supadapadavI, nIra purAbhirAmaM, jIvA hiMsA virala laharI, saMgamAgAhadehaM / cUlAvelaM gurugama-maNI, saMkulaM dUrapAraM, sAraM vIrAgamajalanidhi, sAdaraM sAdhu seve / / vIra prabhu kA Agama samudra aparimita jJAna ke kAraNa gambhIra hai, lalita padoM kI racanA rUpa jala se manohara hai, jIvadayA-sambandhI sUkSma vicAroM rUpa motiyoM se bharapUra hone ke kAraNa usameM praveza karanA kaThina hai, cUlikA AlApakarUpa ratnoM se bharapUra hai aura jisako sampUrNa rUpa se pAra karanA atyanta muzkila hai, usa jJAna kI maiM (AcArya) AdarapUrvaka sevA karatA huuN| yahA~ zruta jJAna kI viziSTatA batalAne kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki sAmAnya puruSa isa taraha ke gahana zruta ko saralatA se prApta nahIM kara sakatA, parantu viziSTa tapa kA Azraya lekara isa kArya ko zakya kiyA jA sakatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki maniyoM ke lie yogodvahana kA aura gRhasthoM ke lie upadhAna tapa kA vidhAna hai| ___ yahA~ kisI ke manasa kendra meM yaha prazna ubhara sakatA hai ki sUtra siddhAntoM ko samyaka rIti se grahaNa karane ke lie dhAraNA zakti acchI honI cAhie, saiddhAntika arthoM ko bhalI-bhA~ti samajha sake usake lie baddhi tIvra honI cAhie tathA siddhAntoM kA sUkSma rahasya pAne ke lie ekAgratA honI cAhie arthAta loka vyavahAra meM jJAnArjana ke lie dhAraNA, buddhi aura ekAgratA kA honA Avazyaka mAnate haiM phira usake sthAna para yogodvahana aura upadhAna kI yojanA kyoM? isakA uttara yaha hai ki jaba mAnasika jar3atA kA nAza hotA hai aura citta kA vikSepa atyanta alpa ho jAtA hai tabhI dhAraNA zakti, buddhi aura ekAgratA kA vikAsa hotA hai| aisI paristhiti tapa sAdhanA se hI utpanna ho sakatI hai| isa kAraNa tapoyukta yogodvahana aura upadhAna kI yojanA yathArtha hai| punaullekhya hai ki mAnasika jar3atA dUra hone evaM citta kA vikSepa nyUna hone para zruta jJAna kI ArAdhanA kA phala zIghratA se prApta ho jAtA hai arthAta zruta jJAna kA tIvratA se vikAsa hotA hai| isa taraha yogodvahana aura upadhAna tapa zruta jJAna kI ArAdhanA meM atyanta sahayoga karate haiN| saiddhAntika bhASA meM kaheM to mAnasika jar3atA jJAnAvaraNIya karma ke udaya kA pariNAma hai aura citta kA vikSepa mohanIya karma ke

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130... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka udaya kA pariNAma hai| tapazcaryA ke Alambana se jJAnAvaraNIya va mohanIya ina do karmoM ko hI nahIM, sampUrNa aSTa karmoM ko naSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai| isa vajaha se bhI zrutajJAna kI ArAdhanA meM tapomaya yogodvahana tathA upadhAna kriyA kA Alambana iSTa hai| yahA~ kucha jana yaha bhI kahate haiM ki bahuta se zrAvaka-zrAvikAe~ upadhAna tapa karate haiM, kintu unakA zruta jJAna vRddhi (kSayopazama) ko prApta huA ho, aisA anubhava meM nahIM AtA, isakA kAraNa kyA? usakA javAba hai ki yadi zAstra varNita avadhAna vidhi kA yathArtha Alambana apanAyA jAye to tadrUpa pariNAma dikhatA hI hai| jaise ki mIThA khAne se mu~ha mIThA hotA hI hai, gur3a khAne para mukha mIThA na ho, yaha kaise ho sakatA hai ? ataH spaSTa samajha lenA cAhie ki tapa sAdhanA se zruta jJAna kA vikAsa pUrNa rUpa se zakya hai| utkRSTa maMgala kI dRSTi se - jisa kriyA se vighna kA nAza ho aura kalyANa kI prApti ho use maMgala kahA jAtA hai| maMgala do prakAra kA hotA haieka to laukika vyavahAra meM Ane vAlI kaThinAiyoM ko dUra kara bhautika kalyANa karatA hai aura dUsarA Atma vikAsa meM bAdhaka aprazasta bhAvoM ko dUrakara paramAnanda kI prApti karavAtA hai| isameM prathama maMgala ko dravya maMgala kahA jAtA hai aura dUsare maMgala ko bhAva maMgala kahate haiN| tapa sAdhanA meM donoM hI maMgala samAhita haiM, isalie ise sarvazreSTha maMgala ke rUpa meM ginA jAtA hai| tapa se vighna paramparA dUra hotI hai| isa viSayaka anekoM udAharaNa itihAsa ke pRSThoM para dekhe jAte haiM jaise ki AyaMbila tapa ke prabhAva se zrIpAla rAjA kA kuSTha roga dUra ho gayA / dvaipAyana RSi ke zrApa se dvArikA nagarI taba taka surakSita rahI, jaba taka AyaMbila tapa akhaNDa rUpa se hote rhe| tapa ko Adi maMgala mAnA gayA hai| jaina Agama sAhitya evaM Agamika paramparA kA samyak avalokana karane para yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki arhad saMskRti meM tapa ke svIkAra pUrvaka hI zramaNatva jIvana aMgIkAra kiyA jAtA hai| yAnI mumukSu jisa dina cAritra veza dhAraNa karatA hai use usa dina upavAsa yA AyaMbila tapa avazya karanA hotA hai, binA tapa ke yAvajjIvana kA sAmAyika vrata aura paMca mahAvrata kA AropaNa nahIM karavAyA jaataa| jIta paramparA ke anusAra AcArya, upAdhyAya, pravarttinI Adi padasthApanA ke avasara para bhI navIna padadhArI

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva... 131 ko upavAsAdi kA pratyAkhyAna karavAyA jAtA hai| yaha tapa maMgala vRddhi ke lie karate haiN| anantabalI tIrthaGkara puruSoM ne bhI apane jIvana meM jo bhI zreSTha kArya kiye haiM jaise- dIkSA, kevalajJAna, dharma dezanA Adi ke prArambha meM tapazcaraNa avazya karate haiN| pratyeka zubha kArya ke Adi meM tapa karate haiM, kyoMki tapa ko parama maMgala, mahA maMgala kahA gayA hai| bhAvArtha yaha hai ki sabhI tIrthaGkara tapa ke sAtha hI pravrajyA grahaNa karate haiM, tapa ke sAtha hI unheM kevalajJAna hotA hai| yaha niyama jaina saMskRti ke samagra zramaNAcAra pAlaka sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke lie eka samAna hai| karma kSaya kI dRSTi se - tapa kI zakti adbhuta hai / vaha pragAr3ha rUpa se baMdhe hu karmoM ko bhI naSTa karane kI tAkata rakhatI hai| jo karma AtmA ke sAtha tAdAtmya bhAva ko prApta ho gaye haiM tathA jina karmoM ke kaTu pariNAmoM ko bhoganA nizcita hai, vaha nikAcita karma kahalAtA hai| nikAcita karmoM kA saMcaya aneka bhavoM se upArjita kiyA huA hotA hai aura usa kAraNa ve karma atyanta gAr3ha rUpa meM baMdhe hote haiM, ata: unakA nAza karanA bahuta kaThina hai / taduparAnta tapoyoga ke dvArA nikAcita karmoM ko bhI naSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai jaise- suvarNa meM rahe hue maila ko agni pRthak kara detI hai, dUdha meM rahe hue jala ko haMsa pRthak kara detA hai, vaise hI Atma pradezoM ke sAtha rahe hue karma maila ko tapa pRthak kara detA hai| ArSa vANI kahatI hai ki- "bhavakoDi saMciyaM kammaM tavasA nijjarijjai" arthAta karor3oM bhava meM saMcita kiye gaye karma bhI tapa se sthira (naSTa) ho jAte haiN| isI bAta ko spaSTa karate hue somaprabhasUri ne kahA hai jaise- dAvAnala ke binA aTavI ko jalAne meM koI samartha nahIM hai jaise- megha ke binA dAvAgni ko zAnta karane meM koI samartha nahIM hai jaise- tIvra pavana ke binA megha ko chinnabhinna karane meM koI samartha nahIM hai vaise hI tapa ke binA karma samUha ko vinaSTa karane meM kauna samartha ho sakatA hai ? arthAta koI nahIM / yahA~ koI aisA kahate haiM ki "jJAna rUpI agni samasta karmoM ko jalAkara bhasma kara detI hai" yaha bhagavadgItA (4 / 37 ) kA vacana hai| taba tapa dvArA sabhI karma samUha kA nAza hotA hai yaha kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai ? isakA sIdhA samAdhAna yaha hai ki yahA~ 'karma' zabda se AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa ko malina karane vAlI eka prakAra kI paudgalika vargaNAoM kA sUcana hai aura bhagavadgItA ke

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132... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka uparyukta vacana meM 'karma' zabda se kriyAkANDa kA sUcana hai| isa prakAra donoM karma zabda bhinna-bhinna artha ke dyotaka haiN| bhagavadgItA meM 'karma' zabda ke prayoga kA Azaya yaha hai ki jise sarva saMzaya ko cheda karane vAlA zreSTha jJAna utpanna ho jAtA hai usake lie vidhividhAna yA kriyAkANDa kI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI / purANoM meM kahA gayA hai ki tapasvI, dAnaparAyaNa, vItarAgI va tikSika (parISaha sahiSNu) sAdhaka mRtyu ke pazcAta tIna loka ke Upara zoka varjita sthAna ko prApta karatA hai| jaina paribhASA meM isa sthAna ko siddhazilA kahA jAtA hai| isakA matalaba hai ki jisa AtmA ne sarva karmoM ko naSTa kara diyA hai vaha siddhazilA meM virAjamAna hotI hai| adhika kyA kaheM? tArA, tRNa yA retI ke kaNa se bhI adhika muni-sAdhakoM ne tapa kA Azraya grahaNa kiyA hai aura Aja bhI hajAroM kI saMkhyA meM tapa kA sevana kiyA jA rahA hai| isa tathya kA mukhya kAraNa yahI hai ki tapa meM sarva pApoM ko naSTa karane kI zakti vidyamAna hai / yadi tapa meM ukta prakAra kA sAmarthya na ho to santa, sAdhaka, RSi, maharSi, tapasvI, tIrthaGkara jaise nAmoM kI vyavasthA hI nahIM raha paayegii| ataH zAntacitta se tapa ke viSaya meM cintana karanA cAhie / zruti smRtiyoM meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki " tapasA kilviSaM hanti'- tapa se pApoM kA nAza hotA hai| saMkSepataH tapa kI pApanAzaka - karmanAzaka zakti meM sandeha nahIM karanA cAhie, pratyuta Atma vikAsa hetu tapa karma kA Azraya lete rahanA caahie| indriya niyantraNa kI dRSTi se- zAstra vacana hai 'icchAnirodhastapa:' arthAta (indriyoM aura mana kI ) icchAoM kA nirodha karanA hI tapa hai| jIvana meM tapa aura indriya nigraha kA anyonyAzrita sambandha hai / indriya nigraha ke lie tapa aura tapa ke lie indriya nigraha Avazyaka hai| bAhya evaM Abhyantara donoM prakAra ke tapa se indriyA~ sadhatI haiN| anazana meM sarvathA AhAra kA tyAga hotA hai| AvazyakatA se eka grAsa bhI kama khAnA, eka ghUMTa bhI kama pInA UnodarI tapa hai| bhikSAcarI meM bhikSAvRtti dvArA vidhivata AhAra prApta karate haiM | rasa parityAga nAma ke tapa se rasanendriya para vijaya pAI jA sakatI hai| kaI bAra aneka padArtha bhogane para bhI tRpti nahIM hotI, ata: usa jihvA ko

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva... 133 sarasa bhojana se virata rakhakara vaza meM kiyA jAtA hai| kAyakleza meM zArIrika sukhoM kA tyAga karate haiN| isa prakAra bAhya tapa indriya nigraha meM ahaM bhUmikA nibhAte haiN| prAyazcitta Adi Abhyantara tapa ke Asevana se bhI pA~coM indriyA~ saMtulita evaM maryAdita avasthA meM sthira rahatI haiM kyoMki vinaya, vaiyAvRtya, dhyAna, kAyotsarga Adi kriyAe~ indriya nigraha meM hI saMbhava hai| yahA~ Adhunika tarkavAdI yaha kahate haiM ki icchAoM evaM indriyoM para nigraha kyoM kiyA jAye? yaha pragati meM bAdhaka hai ataH avyAvahArika aura anupayukta hai| isake samAdhAna meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kahate haiM ki yadi kailAza parvata ke samAna sone-cA~dI ke asaMkhya parvata ho jAyeM to bhI manuSya ko santoSa nahIM hotA kyoMki icchAe~ AkAza kI taraha ananta haiM / ataH zAnti pUrNa jIvana ke lie indriyoM para nigraha aura icchAoM para niyantraNa Avazyaka hI nahIM anivArya hai aura yaha indriya-nigraha tapa dvArA hI susAdhya hai| manobala vardhana kI dRSTi se tapa kI sAdhanA kevala manuSya hI kara sakatA hai, anya prANiyoM ke lie sambhava nahIM hai kyoMki tapa meM tapana hotI hai aura yaha tapana bAhya na hokara Antarika hotI hai| pazu-pakSI prAkRtika uSmA ko saha lete haiM para apanI bhItarI tapana ko nahIM saha pAte haiN| isakA artha yaha hai ki bhItarI tapana bar3I ugra hotI hai| prazna hotA hai ki jo tApa - saMtApa yA dAha pradAna karatA ho aise tapa ko kyoM dhAraNa karanA cAhie ? mAnavIya jIvana meM usakI kyA sArthakatA hai ? tapa sAdhanA kA bahuta bar3A aMga hai| isase tIna rUpoM meM sAdhanA ko bala milatA hai| jisa prakAra agni eka hone para bhI lakar3I, kaNDA, bhUsA Adi ke saMyoga se alaga-alaga kahI jAtI hai usI prakAra tapasyA eka hone para bhI mana, vacana aura kArya ke vibhinna bhedoM se sambandhita hone ke kAraNa kaI prakAra kI kahI jAtI hai| isa sAdhanA kA sabase bar3A lAbha manobala kI prApti hai| Adhunika manovijJAna ke anusAra mana ke do rUpa haiM- jJAta aura ajJAta / jJAta mana se ajJAta mana kI kriyA adhika sUkSma hotI hai| sAdhaka tapasyA ke bala para ajJAta mana para niyantraNa kara letA hai aura zarIra tathA mana kI niyAmikA zakti ko adhikRta kara letA hai jisase use vAstavika caitanya kI upalabdhi hotI hai| yahI tapasyA kA lakSya hai|

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134...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka prAyaH loga samajhate haiM ki tapasyA santa-sAdhuoM ke lie hai| isase hamArA kyA prayojana hai? kintu aisI bAta nahIM hai| manuSya mAtra ke lie choTI-bar3I tapasyA bahuta Avazyaka hai| tapa se mana ko kendrita karane kI zakti prApta hotI hai| jIvana meM bar3e se bar3e kAryoM kI saphalatA ke lie isa zakti kI atyanta jarUrata hai cAhe rAjakArya ho cAhe vyApAra athavA kalA aura vijJAna sambandhI anya kArya hoM sabhI ke sampAdana hetu manoyoga kI upayogitA spaSTa hI hai| mana ko balavAna banAnA isalie bhI Avazyaka hai ki hamAre zarIra meM sabase adhika aura nirantara gatizIla rahane vAlA mana hai| isakI kriyAzakti para sampUrNa zarIra kA vyApAra avalambita hai| hama yaha bhI kaha sakate haiM ki tapa eka aisI mAnasika prakriyA hai jisase mana ko spharti evaM bala milane ke sAtha-sAtha zarIra ke saba aMgoM aura AtmA ko bhI bala milatA hai|44 gRhastha dharma (gRhastha AcAra) kI dRSTi se- jaina zAstroM meM gRhastha ke lie bhI tapa kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| pUrvAcAryoM ne gRhastha ke Avazyaka niyamoM kI carcA karate hue usameM tapa AcaraNa ko gRhastha dharma ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai, jaisA ki kartavyA devapUjA zubhaguruvacanaM, nityamAkarNanIyaM dAnaM deyaM supAtre pratidinamamalaM,pAlanIyaM ca shiilm| tapyaM zuddhaM svazaktyA tapa iha mahatI, bhAvanA bhAvanIyA zraddhAnAmeva dharmo jinapatigaditaH, puutnirvaannmaargH|| pratidina vItarAgadeva kI pUjA karanA, sadguru ke vacana sunanA (upadeza zravaNa karanA), supAtra ko dAna denA, nirmala zIla kA pAlana karanA, yathAzakti tapa kA AcaraNa karanA aura udAtta bhAvanAoM kA cintana karanA- yaha jinezvaroM ke dvArA kahA gayA nirvANa mArga kA gRhastha dharma hai| kinhIM granthoM meM zrAvaka dharma kI paricarcA karate hue tapa ko Avazyaka batalAyA hai, jaisA ki draSTavya hai - traikAlyaM jinapUjanaM pratidinaM, saMghasya sanmAnanaM svAdhyAyo gurusevanaM ca vidhinA, dAnaM tthaa''vshykm| zaktyA ca vratapAlana varatapo, jJAnasya pAThastathA saiSa zrAvakapuMgavasya kathito, dharmo jinendraagme||

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva...135 pratidina jinezvara paramAtmA kI trikAla (prAta:, madhyAhna va saMdhyA) pUjA karanA, sAdhu-sAdhvI, zrAvaka-zrAvikA rUpa caturvidha saMgha kA sammAna karanA, svAdhyAya karanA, vidhipUrvaka guru kI sevA karanA, yathAzakti dAna denA, Avazyaka kriyA (SaDAvazyaka) karanA, yathAzakti vratoM kA pAlana karanA, zreSTha tapa kA AcaraNa karanA aura zAstra pAThoM kA smaraNa karanA yaha jinAgamoM meM kahA gayA zrAvaka dharma hai| gRhastha ke dainika cha: karma batalAye gaye haiN| vahA~ bhI tapa dharma ko sanniviSTa kiyA gayA hai, isake lie nimna pATha avalokanIya hai devapUjA gurupAstiH, svAdhyAyaH sNymstpH| dAnaM ceti gRhasthAnAM, SaTkarmANi dine-dine|| tIrthaGkara bhagavAna kI pUjA karanA, guru kI sevA karanA, svAdhyAya karanA, saMyama pAlana karanA, tapa karanA aura dAna denA- ye gRhasthoM ke chaH nityakarma haiN| gRhastha rAtrika pratikramaNa karate hue usameM chahamAsI tapa kA kAyotsarga karate haiN| yadi vaisA cintana nahIM kara sakate haiM to cintana kAyotsarga ke rUpa meM 'logassasUtra' kA smaraNa karate haiN| yadi yaha pATha bhI na AtA ho to solaha athavA ar3atAlIsa navakAra mantra ginane kI pravRtti hai| vastutaH chahamAsI tapa kA cintana nimna prakAra se karanA cAhie bhagavAna mahAvIra ne chaha mAsa kA tapa kiyA thaa| he cetana! tuma yaha tapa kara sakate ho? yahA~ mana meM hI uttara dete hue cintana karanA ki merI na vaisI zakti hai aura na hI vaisA prinnaam| pazcAta anukrama se eka-eka upavAsa kama karate hue vicAra karanA, aisA karate hue pAMca mAsa, cAra mAsa, tIna mAsa, do mAsa, eka mAsa taka mana ko sthira krnaa| phira eka dina kama mAsakSamaNa, do dina kama mAsakSamaNa, isa bhA~ti teraha dina nyUna satraha upavAsa kA vicAra krnaa| phira he cetana! tuma cauMtIsa bhakta (solaha upavAsa) karo, battIsa bhakta karo, tIsa bhakta kro| isa taraha do-do bhakta kama karate hue caturtha bhakta arthAta upavAsa taka cintana krnaa| yadi upavAsa karane kI bhI zakti na ho to anukrama se AyaMbila, nIvi, ekAsana, bIyAsana, avaDDa, purimaDDa, sADha pauruSI, pauruSI aura navakArasI tapa paryanta vicAra krnaa| tapa cintana karate samaya jahA~ taka tapa karane kI zakti ho usa sambandha meM yaha socanA ki "zakti hai kintu pariNAma nahIM hai" tadanantara

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136...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka vahA~ se tapa krama ko ghaTAte-ghaTAte jo pratyAkhyAna karanA ho vahA~ cintana ko roka kara mana meM usa tapa kA nizcaya karake kAyotsarga pUrNa karanA caahie| jo gRhastha rAtrika pratikramaNa nahIM kara sakate haiM ve guru ko vandana karate samaya unake mukha se tapa kA pratyAkhyAna grahaNa kreN| kadAca vandana ke samaya bhI pratyAkhyAna na le sakeM to vyAkhyAna sunane ke bAda avazya leN| kahane kA sAra yahI hai ki gRhastha ko pratidina kisI na kisI prakAra kA tapa avazya karanA caahie| yahI kAraNa hai ki gRhastha ke nitya karmoM meM use sthAna diyA gayA hai| tapAgaccha-paramparA meM zrAvaka ke dainika svAdhyAya kA eka pATha hai - "mantraha jinnaannmaannN|" isa pATha meM spaSTa kahA gayA hai ki "pavvesu posahavayaM dAnaM zIlaM tavo a bhAvo a"- parva ke dina gRhastha ko pauSadhavrata karanA cAhie tathA zeSa dinoM meM dAna, zIla, tapa aura bhAva kI ArAdhanA karanI caahie| saMkSepa meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki pUrvAcAryoM ne gRhastha dharma ke uttarottara vikAsa hetu tapa AcAra ko aparihArya mAnA hai, kyoMki isase dravyata: zarIra evaM bhAvata: caitasika mana donoM nirmala aura svastha banate haiN| bhautika sukha-samRddhiyoM kI dRSTi se- tapa kA AcaraNa karane se na kevala pApa karma hI kSINa hote haiM apitu bhautika sukha-samRddhiyA~ bhI prApta hotI haiN| saMsAra meM bhautika samRddhi kI dRSTi se cakravartI kA pada sabase zreSTha aura sabase durlabha mAnA gayA hai| vaha cakravartI pada tapazcaraNa ke dvArA hI samprApta hotA hai| kathAnuyoga kahatA hai ki bharata cakravartI ne apane pUrva janmoM meM hajAroM varSa taka tapasyA, sevA aura svAdhyAya tapa kI ArAdhanA kI thI usI ke prabhAva se ve cakravartI pada prApta kara ske| sanatkumAra cakravartI kA jIvana caritra par3hate haiM to jJAta hotA hai ki unhoMne bhI hajAroM varSa taka tapazcaryAe~ kI, usake bAda hI cakravartI pada para ArUr3ha ho ske| koI bhI cakravartI, cakravartI ke bhava meM janma lene ke sAtha hI cakravartI nahIM bana jAtA, hara eka bhautika upalabdhi ke lie unheM tapa karanA hotA hai| jaina-paramparA meM cakravartI ke teraha tele prasiddha haiN| ve apane kAryoM ko siddha karane hetu samaya-samaya para tapasyA karate rahate haiN| jambUdvIpaprajJapti sUtra meM varNana AtA hai ki isa avasarpiNI kAla ke prathama cakravartI bharata kI AyudhazAlA meM jaba sarvaprathama cakraratna prakaTa huA (jisake bala para ve cakravartI kahalAye) taba AyudhazAlA ke ArakSaka ne mahArAja bharata ko

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva...137 badhAI dii| yaha zubha saMvAda sunakara bharata prasannatA se jhUma utthe| unhoMne badhAI sandezavAhaka ko bahata sA prItidAna diyA, phira cakraratna kI pUjA kI, pazcAta cakraratna ke adhiSThAyaka deva ko prasanna karane ke lie pauSadhazAlA meM Akara tIna dina kA nirjala tapa (telA) karake mAgadha tIrtha nAmaka deva ko prasanna kiyaa|45 cakravartI kI bhA~ti vAsudeva aura baladeva bhI asIma sukha ke bhoktA hote haiN| vAsudeva ke pAsa tIna khaNDa kI rAjya lakSmI hotI hai, phira bhI apane abhISTa kArya kI siddhi ke lie unheM vizeSa sahayoga evaM divya bala kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| usa divya bala ko pAne ke lie ye bhI tapArAdhanA karate haiM tathA devatA ko pratyakSa kara apane abhISTa ko pUrNa karate haiN| kalpasUtraTIkA meM prasaMga AtA hai ki jaba padmanAbha rAjA ne saundarya ke vazIbhUta hokara draupadI kA apaharaNa kara liyaa| taba use puna: lauTA lAne ke lie vAsudeva zrIkRSNa aTThama tapa kara lavaNasamudra ke adhiSThAyaka deva ko jAgRta karate haiM tathA do lAkha yojana vistRta samudra ko pAra karane hetu sahayoga mAMgate haiN| usa samaya deva zakti se nirvighnatayA amarakaMkA nagarI pahuMcakara draupadI ko le Ate haiN| zAstroM meM eka ghaTanA yaha bhI varNita hai ki eka bAra mAtA devakI ke mana meM putra krIr3A kI icchA pragaTa hotI hai taba usa kAmanApUrti hetu zrIkRSNa aTThama (telA) tapa karake devatA ko prasanna karate haiM aura eka bhAI kI yAcanA karate haiN| tapa ke pariNAmasvarUpa gajasukumAla kA janma hotA hai tathA devakI kI abhilASA pUrNa hotI hai| isa prakAra pratyeka kaThina kArya kI siddhi evaM bhautika sukha kI paripUrti hetu tapazcaraNa kA Alambana liyA jAtA rahA hai| kisI bhI daHsAdhya kArya ko tapa ke dvArA susAdhya banAyA jAtA rahA hai| isa prakAra tapa ke mAdhyama se duSkara ko sukara, asambhava ko sambhava aura kaThina ko sarala banAyA jA sakatA hai|46 deva sAnnidhya kI dRSTi se- zramaNAcAra kA pratipAdaka grantha dazavaikAlikasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki "devA vi taM namasaMti jassa dhamme sayA maNo" (1/1) jisa sAdhaka kA citta sadA dharma meM rahatA hai use devatA bhI namaskAra karate haiN| yahA~ dharma se tAtparya tapa dharma samajhanA caahie| vaise bhI isa sUtra meM ahiMsA, saMyama aura tapa ko dharma batalAyA gayA hai| tapasvI ke tapobala

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138...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka kA hI prabhAva hotA hai ki usake caraNoM meM mAnava to kyA? ananta aizvaryavAn, asIma zakti ke svAmI devatA aura indra bhI jhukate haiN| vaidika purANoM meM bahuta sI aisI kathAe~ AtI haiM jinameM batAyA gayA hai ki amuka tapasvI ke tapobala se indra mahArAja kA siMhAsana kAMpa utthaa| jaina zAstra bhagavatIsUtra47 meM varNana AtA hai ki eka bAra asuroM kI rAjadhAnI balicaMcA nagarI kA indra Ayu pUrNa kara gyaa| vahA~ dUsarA koI indra utpanna nahIM huA, taba asura ghabarAne lage - hama anAtha ho gaye haiM ? kyA kareM? naye svAmI ko kahA~ se kaise prApta kareM jo zatruoM se hamArA va hamAre rAjya kA bacAva kara sake ? isI cintA meM ghUmate hue asurakumAroM kI dRSTi eka ghora bAla tapasvI para tthhrii| usa tapasvI kA nAma thA tAmalI taaps| vaha tApasa varSoM se bele-bele kI tapasyA kara rahA thA, usameM tapa pAraNe ke dina ikkIsa bAra dhoyA huA cAvala kA sattvahIna pAnI letA thA, isa taraha sATha hajAra varSa taka usane kaThora tapa kiyaa| usakA zarIra atyanta jarjara, kintu mukha maNDala tapo teja se damaka rahA thaa| asurakumAroM ne tAmalI tApasa ko dekhakara socA ki "yaha bAla tapasvI yadi hamArA svAmI banane kA nidAna (abhigraha) kara Ayu pUrNa kare to hameM sacamuca eka mahAna tejasvI, zaktizAlI svAmI prApta ho sakatA hai| tatpazcAta agaNita asurakumAra aura asurakumAriyA~ divya rUpa dhAraNa kara usake sAmane aaye| tapasvI ko prasanna karane ke uddezya se battIsa prakAra ke nATaka, vividha saMgIta Adi kA pradarzana karane lge| ati vinamratA ke sAtha vandanA kara unase prArthanA karane lage - he mahAn tapasvI! hama para dayA kariye, hama anAtha haiM, svAmIhIna haiM, Apa jaise nAtha hameM prApta ho jAyeM to hama saba bhalI-bhA~ti AnandapUrvaka evaM surakSita jIvana yApana kara sakate haiN| isalie Apa hamAre sambandha meM nidAna kareM aura yahA~ se Ayu pUrNa kara hamArI balicaMcA rAjadhAnI kA indra bananA svIkAra kreN| AgamakAra kahate haiM ki asurakumAroM kI dInatA va vinaya bharI prArthanA sunakara bhI tAmalI tApasa ne use svIkAra nahIM kiyaa| ve apane dhyAna meM hI lIna rhe| phira AyuSya pUrNakara IzAnakalpa (dUsare devaloka) meM IzAnendra ke rUpa meM janma lete haiN| kahane kA bhAvArtha yaha hai ki tapomaya jIvana ko devatA bhI cAhate haiM tathA sacce tapasvI kabhI bhI bhautika sukha-samRddhi ke pralobhana meM nahIM bahate, anyathA

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva...139 svarNa ke mUlya vAlI sAdhanA pAnI ke mola bika jAtI hai| svarUpata: tapa zakti ke sAmane devatva zakti nagaNya hai| devI-devatA hamezA tapa zakti ke adhIna rahate haiN| isIlie to kahA jAtA hai ki dIrgha tapasyA karane vAle sAdhakoM meM aTThama tapa ke bAda devatAoM kA vAsa hotA hai, zAsana rakSaka devI-devatAoM kA bala hotA hai| ___yaha anubhUta satya hai aura vyavahAra meM hama dekhate bhI haiM ki kadAca khurAka se alpa bhojana karanA zurU kara deM athavA svAsthya gar3abar3a hone se paryApta mAtrA meM AhAra na le pAyeM to do-cAra dina meM hI kamajorI mahasUsa hone lagatI hai| jabaki ATha, gyAraha, solaha, tIsa Adi dinoM taka kaNa mAtra bhI AhAra kA sevana nahIM karane vAle adhikAMza tapasvI ArAma se calate haiM, ArAdhanA karate haiM, gharelU kArya bhI kara lete haiM, aisA kyoM? isakA javAba yahI hai ki unameM samyaga draSTi devoM kA bala rahatA hai aura pAraNA karate hI vaha sattva gAyaba ho jAtA hai| zArIrika dharma ke anusAra to khurAka milate hI zarIra meM adhika zakti kA saMcAra honA cAhie, kintu tapasyA ke pAraNe meM kucha viparIta hotA hai| phira zanai:-zanaiH zarIra svAbhAvika sthiti meM AtA hai to samajhanA yahI hai ki tapasyA se devatA bhI AdhIna ho jAte haiN| hama jisa devagati ko pAne ke lie lAlAyita haiM vaha devatva tapasyA dvArA mAnava yoni meM bhI upalabdha kiyA jA sakatA hai| AdhyAtmika labdhiyoM evaM siddhiyoM kI dRSTi se- tapa kevala bhautika siddhi aura samRddhi kA pradAtA hI nahIM, kintu vaha ananta AdhyAtmika samRddhi kA pradAtA bhI hai| tapa se bhautika evaM AdhyAtmika sarva prakAra kI zaktiyA~ utpanna hotI haiN| isa virAT vizva meM jitanI bhI zaktiyA~ haiM, vibhUtiyA~ haiM aura labdhiyA~ haiM ve tapa se samprApta hotI haiN| etadartha hI eka AcArya ne kahA hai - "tapo mUlAhi siddhayaH" samasta siddhiyA~ tapa mUlaka hai| AcArya nemicandra ne spaSTa rUpa se likhA hai ki "pariNAma tava vaseNaM, imAI huMti lddhiio|" - jitanI bhI labdhiyA~ haiM ve tapa se hI pragaTa hotI haiN| tapa karane se AtmA meM eka adbhuta teja kA saMcAra hotA hai| pratyeka AtmA ananta akSaya zaktiyoM kA piNDa hai unameM kucha zaktiyA~, labdhi, nidhi evaM siddhi ke nAma se prasiddha haiM tathA jagata vyavahAra meM una zaktiyoM kI apAra mahimA bhI hai ata: tapoyoga ke mUlya ko darzAne ke lie vaha varNana nimna prakAra haiN|48

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140...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka (i) aTThAisa labdhiyoM kI prApti- karma AvaraNoM kA kSaya hone para svata: AtmA se jo zakti prakaTa hotI hai use labdhi yA siddhi kahA jAtA hai| bhautika zaktiyA~ mantra-tantra-yantrAdi se prApta hotI haiM, kintu adhyAtma zaktiyA~ tapasyA, abhigraha jaisI kaThora sAdhanA se arjita hotI haiN| bhautika zakti 'jAdU' kahalAtI hai, kintu AdhyAtmika zakti 'siddhi' kahI jAtI hai| ___ AcArya nemicandra ne kahA hai ki pariNAmoM kI vizuddhatA,cAritra dharma kI atizayatA evaM mahAna tapa ke AcaraNa se labdhiyA~ prApta hotI hai| labdhiyA~ vizuddha Atmazakti haiN| unake lie deva zakti yA mantra zakti kI AvazyakatA nahIM, ve to tapa se sahaja upalabdha hotI haiN|49 __ vaidika-paramparA ke AcArya pataJjali ne labdhiyoM ko 'vibhUtiyA~' kahA hai50 aura bauddha darzana ne ise 'abhijJA' kahA hai| labdhi kA artha hai lAbha athavA praapti| tapasyA Adi ke dvArA jaba jisa viSaya ke karmadalika dUra hote haiM taba usa-usa sambandhI AtmazaktiyA~ pragaTa ho jAtI haiM aura vahI labdhi rUpa kahI jAtI haiN| AcArya abhayadeva ne isa sambandha meM kahA hai ki "Atmano jJAnAdi guNAnAM tatkarma kSayAditolAbhaH"- AtmA ke jJAna, darzana, cAritra, vIrya Adi guNoM kA tatsambandhita karmoM ke kSaya evaM kSayopazama se jo lAbha prApta hotA hai, use labdhi kahate haiN| AtmA kI zakti ananta hai aura vaha ananta rUpoM meM prakaTa ho sakatI hai, kintu vaha jitane rUpoM meM prakaTa hotI hai utanI hI labdhiyA~ bana jAtI haiN| mUlAgamoM meM yaha vivecana sAmAnya rUpa se tathA uttaravartI granthoM meM vistAra se dRSTigata hotA hai|51 bhagavatIsUtra meM dasavidha labdhiyA~ batAyI gayI haiM 1. jJAnalabdhi, 2. darzanalabdhi, 3. cAritralabdhi, 4. cAritrAcAritralabdhi, 5. dAnalabdhi, 6. lAbhalabdhi, 7. bhogalabdhi, 8. upabhogalabdhi, 9. vIryalabdhi aura 10. indriyalabdhi/52 ye labdhiyA~ ekAnta tapojanya nahIM mAnI gayI haiM, kintu inake vikAsa meM tapa mukhya kAraNa banatA hai| AcArya nemicandra ne aTThAIsa labdhiyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| ve saMkSepa meM isa prakAra haiM:___1. Ama!Sadhilabdhi - AmarSa kA artha hai sprsh| jisa muni ko yaha labdhi prApta hotI hai usa viziSTa AtmA ke hAtha Adi kA sparza hone para svayaM

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva... 141 ke aura dUsaroM ke roga zAnta ho jAte haiN| yAnI hAtha Adi ke sparza mAtra se rogoM kA nivAraNa ho jAnA, AmarSoSadhilabdhi kahalAtI hai| 2. vipruDauSadhilabdhi - vipruD kA artha hai avayava / mala evaM mUtra ke avayava vipruD kahalAte haiM / isa labdhi ke prabhAva se tapasvI kA mUtra - purISa (mala) sugandhita aura jisakA sparza hone mAtra se rogI kA roga zAnta ho jAtA hai aisI yoga zakti ko vipruDauSadhilabdhi kahate haiN| 3. khelauSadhilabdhi khela kA artha hai zleSma yA thUka, auSadhi yAnI upcaar| isa labdhi ke prabhAva se sAdhaka kA zleSa sugandhita evaM auSadha kI bhA~ti rogazamana meM upayogI banatA hai, ataH isakA nAma khelauSadhilabdhi hai| prastuta labdhidhAraka muni ke zleSma meM vaha zakti hotI hai ki jisake sparza karane mAtra se roga samApta ho jAte haiN| - 4. jallauSadhilabdhi jalla arthAta zarIra ke vibhinna avayava jaiseA~kha, kAna, mukha, jIbha, nAka Adi kA mala - pasInA athavA maila / jisake kAna, nAka, mukha Adi ke maila ko lagAne se roga zAnta ho jAte haiM, use jallauSadhi labdhi kahate haiN| 5. sarvauSadhilabdhi isa labdhidhAraka muni kA sampUrNa zarIra hI auSadhimaya hotA hai, ataH usake zarIra ke kisI bhI avayava se rogI kA sparza karavAne para vaha rogamukta ho jAtA hai| isalie ise sarvauSadhi labdhi kahA gayA hai| dhyAtavya hai ki prathama kI cAra labdhiyoM meM zarIra ke bhinna-bhinna avayavoM ke sparza se rogopazamana hotA hai, kintu isa labdhidhArI kA samUcA zarIra hI pArasa jaisA hotA hai| vaha jahA~ se bhI, jisa kisI ko chU le turanta camatkAra ho jAtA hai| 6. saMbhinna zrotAlabdhi isa labdhi kI vyAkhyA kaI prakAra se kI gayI hai| prathama artha ke anusAra isa labdhi ko prApta karane vAlA sAdhaka zarIra ke kisI bhI bhAga se suna sakatA hai / sAdhAraNatayA kAna se hI sunA jAtA hai, kintu labdhi ke prabhAva se nAka, jIbha yA A~kha se bhI suna sakate haiM yAnI pratyeka indriya zrotrendriya kA kArya kara sakatI hai| 54 - dUsare artha ke anusAra sAdhAraNataH eka indriya eka hI kArya kara sakatI hai jaise- A~kha dekha sakatI hai, jIbha svAda le sakatI hai kintu tapasyA ke prabhAva

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142... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka se sAdhaka ko aisI zakti prApta ho jAtI hai ki kisI bhI eka indriya se pAMcoM indriyoM kA kAma kara sakatA hai| prakArAntara se eka artha yaha bhI kiyA gayA hai ki saMbhinna zrotolabdhi ke dhAraka yogI kI zrotrendriya itanI pracaNDa ho jAtI hai| ki vaha cakravartI kI vizAla senA jo bAraha yojana meM phailI huI hai, usa sainya meM bajane vAle vividha vAdyoM evaM vividha svaroM ko eka hI sAtha alaga-alaga karake suna sakatA hai| sAmAnyatayA eka sAtha hajAroM dhvaniyoM ko pRthak-pRthak pahacAnanA muzkila hotA hai, kintu yaha labdhidhArI pratyeka dhvani ko apane-apane rUpa meM pahacAna letA hai| ataH sUkSma aura dUrastha viSaya ko grahaNa karane kI zakti saMbhinna zrotAlabdhi kahalAtI hai| 55 7. avadhilabdhi - avadhi yAnI maryAdA / jisa zramaNa ko yaha labdhi prApta hotI hai use indriyoM kI sahAyatA ke binA mAtra Atmazakti se maryAdA meM rahe hue rUpI dravyoM kA jJAna hotA hai, ataH ise avadhilabdhi kahate haiN| 8. Rjumatilabdhi - manaHparyava jJAna ke do bheda haiM- 1. Rjumati aura 2. vipulmti| ar3hAI dvIpa meM kucha kama (ar3hAI aMgula kama) kSetra meM rahe hue saMjJI prANiyoM ke manobhAvoM ko sAmAnya rUpa se jAnanA Rjumati manaHparyava jJAna hai| yaha manojJAna jisa labdhi ke kAraNa se prApta hotA hai usa labdhi ko Rjumati labdhi kahate haiN| 9. vipulamatilabdhi yaha mana:paryava jJAna kA dUsarA prakAra hai / sampUrNa ar3hAI dvIpa meM rahe hue saMjJI prANiyoM ke manobhAvoM ko spaSTa rUpa se, sUkSmAtisUkSma vicAroM ko bhI darpaNa kI bhA~ti jAna lenA vipulamati manaHparyava jJAna hai| yaha zakti jisa labdhi ke nimitta se prApta hotI hai, vaha vipulamati labdhi kahalAtI hai| - - 10. cAraNalabdhi 'cAraNa' eka prakAra kA rUr3ha zabda hai| jaina granthoM meM isakA prayoga AkAzagAminI zakti ke rUpa meM huA hai| tadanusAra isa labdhi ke prabhAva se zramaNa ko AkAza meM Ane-jAne kI viziSTa zakti prApta hotI hai, ataH ise cAraNalabdhi kahate haiN| bhagavatIsUtra meM cAraNalabdhi ke do bheda batAye gaye haiM 561. jaMghAcAraNa aura 2. vidyaacaarnn|

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva...143 1. jaMghAcAraNa muni ko jaMghA ke bala para ur3ane kI zakti prApta hotI hai| isa zakti ke prabhAva se padmAsana lagAkara jaMghA para hAtha lagAte hI vaha AkAza meM ur3a jAtA hai| yaha labdhi cAritra evaM tapa ke vizeSa prabhAva se prApta hotI hai| bhagavatIsUtra meM isakI sAdhanA vidhi kA ullekha karate hue kahA gayA hai ki nirantara bele-bele tapa karane vAle ko vidyAcAraNa evaM nirantara tele-tele tapa karane vAle ko jaMghAcAraNa labdhi kI prApti hotI hai|57 jaMghAcAraNa labdhivAlA AkAza meM ur3Ana bharane se pUrva kisakA Azraya letA hai, eka hI ur3Ana meM kitanA dUra pahuMca sakatA hai, Urdhvaloka meM ur3Ana kare to vaha sIdhA kahA~ paha~catA hai, vApasa lauTate hae kitanA samaya lagatA hai, madhya meM kahA~ vizrAma letA hai, ityAdi varNana bhI AgamoM meM dekhA jAtA hai| 2. vidyAcAraNa labdhi tapa aura vidyA ke vizeSa abhyAsa dvArA prApta hotI hai| jaMghAcAraNa meM cAritra kI pradhAnatA rahatI hai aura isameM jJAna kii| jaMghAcAraNa se vidyAcAraNa kI zakti kama hotI hai, kyoMki isakA tapa krama apekSAkRta sarala hotA hai| granthoM meM batAyA gayA hai ki jaMghAcAraNalabdhi vAlA tIna bAra A~kha kI palaka jhapakane jitane samaya meM eka lAkha yojana parimANa jambUdvIpa ke ikkIsa cakkara lagA sakatA hai, kintu vidyAcAraNalabdhi vAlA itane samaya meM sirpha tIna cakkara hI lagA pAtA hai| jaMghAcAraNa meM gati kI tIvratA adhika hotI hai| Aja ke jeTa vimAna, phrAMsa ke mirAja vimAna, candrayAna Adi abhI bhI jaMghAcAraNa aura vidyAcAraNalabdhi kI zakti se bahuta pIche haiN| phira inameM yaMtrabala hai jabaki unameM Atmabala kA hI camatkAra hotA hai| digambara AcArya yativRSabhAcArya ne cAraNalabdhi ke aneka antarbhedoM kA bhI varNana kiyA hai| jaise jalacAraNa- jala meM bhUmi kI taraha calanA, puSpacAraNaphUla kA sahArA lekara calanA, dhUmacAraNa- AkAza meM ur3ate dhue~ kA Alambana lekara ur3anA, meghacAraNa- bAdaloM ko pakar3akara calanA, jyotizcAraNa- sUrya evaM candra kI kiraNoM kA Alambana lekara gamana karanA aadi|58 yahA~ yaha bhI dhyAna dene yogya hai ki vidyAcAraNalabdhi meM aura vidyAdharoM kI AkAzagAminI zakti meM antara hai| vidyAdharoM ko bhI vidyAbhyAsa karanA par3atA hai, kintu vaha janmagata evaM jAtigata saMskAra rUpa meM bhI prApta hotI hai| kucha yogI

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144...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka mantrazakti se bhI AkAza meM ur3Ana bharate haiM jabaki vidyAcAraNalabdhi mantra-tantra evaM janmagata kAraNa se nahIM, apitu tapa ke sAtha vidyAbhyAsa karane se prApta hotI hai| 11. AzIviSalabdhi - AzI = dAr3ha, viSa = jahara arthAta jinakI dAr3hoM meM bhayaMkara viSa hotA hai unheM AzIviSa kahA jAtA hai| prakArAntara se jinakI jIbha yA mukha se nikalI zvAsa viSa ke samAna aniSTa prabhAvakArI hotI hai, unheM AzIviSa labdhivAlA mAnA gayA hai| AzIviSa ke do bheda haiM - 1. karma AzIviSa aura 2. jAti aashiiviss| 1. karma AzIviSa - tapa-cAritra Adi anuSThAna ke dvArA jo viSayukta zakti prApta hotI hai, use karma AzIviSa kahA gayA hai| yaha zakti sAdhanA vizeSa se prApta hotI hai, isalie ise labdhijanya mAnA gayA hai| isa labdhi vAlA zApa Adi dekara dUsaroM kA nAza kara sakatA hai| usakI vANI meM itanI zakti aura prabhAva hotA hai ki krodha meM kisI ko kaha de ki 'terA nAza ho' to vaha vANI viSa kI taraha zIghra hI usake prANa haraNa kara letI hai| 2. jAti AzIviSa - AzIviSa kA yaha dUsarA prakAra labdhijanya nahIM hai, kyoMki isakA sambandha janmagata- jAtigata svabhAva se hai jaise- sA~pa, bicchu Adi meM jAtigata viSa hotA hai| isIlie kahA jAtA hai ki "sA~pa kA baccA kyA choTA kyA bar3A" vaha to janmate hI viSadhara hotA hai| jAti AzIviSa cAra prakAra ke hote haiM - 1. bicchu 2. meMr3haka 3. sA~pa aura 4. mnussy| bicchu se mer3haka, mer3haka se sA~pa, sA~pa se manuSya kA viSa adhika prabala hotA hai| sthAnAMgasUtra meM isa viSayaka vistRta varNana kiyA gayA hai|59 ___12. kevalIlabdhi - cAra ghAtI karmoM ke kSaya se jo kevalajJAna aura kevaladarzana prApta hotA hai, vaha kevalIlabdhi hai| . 13. gaNadharalabdhi - gaNa ko dhAraNa karane vAle, tIrthaGkaroM kI artha rUpa vANI ko sUtrabaddha karane vAle evaM tIrthaGkara paramAtmA ke pramukha ziSya gaNadhara kahalAte haiN| ata: gaNadhara pada ko prApta karanA gaNadharalabdhi kahalAtI hai| . 14. pUrvadharalabdhi - Agamika TIkAoM meM 'pUrva' zabda ke aneka artha kiye gaye haiN| sAmAnyata: tIrthaGkara paramAtmA dvAdazAMgI kA mUla AdhArabhUta jo sarvaprathama upadeza gaNadharoM ko dete haiM vaha pUrva kahalAtA hai| pUrva kI saMkhyA caudaha

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva...145 mAnI gayI haiM, jinheM dasa se caudaha pUrva kA jJAna hotA hai, ve pUrvadhara kahalAte haiN| jisa zakti ke prabhAva se pUrvo kA jJAna prApta hotA hai, vaha pUrvadharalabdhi kahalAtI hai| 15. ahallabdhi - arihanta tIrthaGkara ko kahate haiN| jisa labdhi ke prabhAva se arhata pada prApta hotA hai, vaha arhallabdhi kahalAtI hai| 16. cakravartIlabdhi - chaha khaNDa ke svAmI ko cakravartI kahate haiN| jisa labdhi ke prabhAva se cakravartI pada kI prApti hotI hai vaha cakravartIlabdhi kahalAtI hai| ___ 17. baladevalabdhi - baladeva vAsudeva ke bar3e bhAI haiM jo prAya: sAttvika evaM dhArmika prakRti ke hote haiN| baladeva kA pada bar3A mahattvapUrNa hai, ve isa pada ko chor3akara muni banate haiM aura karma kSaya kara mukti prApta karate haiN| jisa zakti ke prabhAva se baladeva pada kI prApti hotI hai use baladevalabdhi kahate haiN| 18. vAsudevalabdhi - vAsudeva tIna khaNDa ke adhipati, sAta ratnoM ke svAmI evaM yuddha meM zUravIra hote haiN| niyamataH rAjasI aura tAmasI prakRti ke tathA bhogapriya evaM rAjyasattA ke AkAMkSI hote haiN| vAsudeva meM bIsa lAkha aSTApada kA bala hotA hai| usake bala kA anumAna karane ke lie AcAryoM ne eka udAharaNa diyA hai - eka vAsudeva kue~ ke taTa para baiThA ho, use jaMjIroM se bAMdhakara usakI samasta senA ke hAthI, ghor3e, ratha aura padAti, pasInA-pasInA ho jAye yoM caturaMgiNI senA ke sAtha solaha hajAra rAjA usa jaMjIra ko dama lagAkara khIMcate rhe| phira bhI ve vAsudeva ko khIMca nahIM sakate, kintu vAsudeva usa jaMjIra ko bAyeM hAtha meM pakar3a kara bar3I AsAnI se apanI ora khIMca sakate haiN|60 vAsudeva meM jitanA bala hotA hai, usase dugunA bala cakravartI meM hotA hai aura usase ananta gunA bala tIrthaGkara paramAtmA meM hotA hai| jisa zakti ke utpanna hone se vAsudeva pada prApta hotA hai, vaha vAsudevalabdhi hai|61 19. kSIramadhusarpirAvalabdhi - jisa labdhi ke prabhAva se vaktA ke vacana sunane vAloM ko dUdha, madhu evaM ghRta ke samAna atyanta priya evaM sukhakArI lagate haiM vaha kSIramadhusarpirAzravalabdhi kahalAtI hai| yAnI jinake vacana dUdha, madhu va ghRta ke sadRza zarIra aura mana ko sukha pradAtA hoM vaha isa labdhi ke dhAraka hote haiN|

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146...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka ___TIkAkAroM ne dUdha kI madhuratA kA varNana karate hue kahA hai ki puNDrekSu arthAta ganne ke khetoM meM carane vAlI eka lAkha gAyoM kA dUdha pacAsa hajAra gAyoM ko, paccAsa hajAra gAyoM kA dUdha paccIsa hajAra ko, isa krama se AdhA-AdhA karate hue do gAyoM kA dUdha eka gAya ko pilAne para usase nikale hue dUdha dvArA banA huA ghI jitanA madhura hotA hai usase adhika vacana mAdhuryatA isa labdhi se milatI hai athavA jisa labdhi ke prabhAva se pAtra meM AyA huA svAda rahita AhAra bhI dUdha, ghI aura madhu kI taraha svAdiSTa evaM puSTikara bana jAtA hai use bhI kSIramadhusarpirAzravalabdhi kahate haiN|62 20. koSThakabuddhilabdhi - jisa prakAra koThe meM DAlA huA dhAnya bahuta kAla taka surakSita raha sakatA hai usI prakAra jisa zakti ke prabhAva se sunA huA yA par3hA huA sUtra-artha cirakAla taka yathAvata yAda rahatA hai, vaha koSThakabuddhilabdhi kahalAtI hai|63 21. padAnusAriNI labdhi - jaise eka cAvala ke dAne se pUre cAvaloM ke pakane kA patA calatA hai vaise hI jisa zakti ke atizaya se sUtra ke eka pada ko sunakara Age ke bahuta se padoM kA jJAna binA sune hI apanI buddhi se kara letA hai, use padAnusAriNI labdhi kahate haiN|64 22. bIjabuddhilabdhi - jaise bIja vikasita hokara vizAla vRkSa kA rUpa dhAraNa kara letA hai vaise hI jisa zakti ke atizaya se pradhAna (bIja) bhUta eka artha ko sunakara azruta aneka arthoM kA jJAna kara liyA jAtA hai, vaha bIjabuddhi labdhi kahalAtI hai| yaha labdhi gaNadharoM meM pramukha rUpa se hotI hai| ve tIrthaGkara paramAtmA ke mukha se artha pradhAna utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya rUpa tripadI ko sunakara ananta arthoM se bharI huI dvAdazAMgI kI racanA kara dete haiN|65 .. 23. tejolezyAlabdhi - AtmA kI eka prakAra kI taijas zakti ko tejolezyA kahate haiN| jisa zakti ke prabhAva se kruddha AtmA meM se taijas pudgala jvAlA ke rUpa meM bAhara nikalakara usake lie apriya evaM aniSTa vastu yA vyakti ko bhasma kara sakatI hai vaha tejolezyA labdhi kahalAtI hai| isa zakti se kaI yojanoM paryanta meM rahI huI vastu ko bhI bhasma kiyA jA sakatA hai| yaha tejolabdhi Aja ke aNubama se adhika visphoTaka hai| tejolezyA

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva... 147 kA prayoga jisa para jitanI dUra taka saMkalpa karake kiyA jAtA hai utane hI kSetra ko vaha prabhAvita karatI hai, jabaki bama to phaTane ke bAda vidhvaMsa bhI karatA hai| 24. zItalezyAlabdhi - yaha tejolezyA kI pratirodhI zakti hai / jisa zakti se AtmA apane zIta-teja pudgaloM ko tejolezyA se jalate hue AtmA para chor3akara use bhasma hone se bacA sakatA hai, vaha zItalezyA labdhi kahalAtI hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samaya meM kUrma gA~va meM vaizyAyana nAma kA tapasvI ajJAna tapa karatA thaa| snAnAdi na karane se usake sira meM jue~ par3a gayIM, use dekhakara gozAlaka ne 'yUkA zayyAtara' (juMoM kA jAlA) kahakara usakA upahAsa kiyA, jisake kAraNa usa tapasvI ne kruddha hokara gozAlaka ko bhasmIbhUta karane hetu usa para tejolezyA kA prayoga kiyaa| usa samaya bhagavAna mahAvIra ne gozAlaka ko saumyadRSTi se nihArA, tatkSaNa tejolezyA zAnta ho gyii| 25. AhArakalabdhi - kisI bhI prANI kI rakSA, tIrthaGkaroM kI Rddhi kA darzana athavA apane saMzayoM kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie jisa zakti se caudaha pUrvadhara muni AtmapradezoM dvArA sphaTika ke samAna ujjvala eka hAtha kA putalA banAte haiM aura use yathAsthAna bhejakara punaH zarIra meM praviSTa karavAte haiM, vaha AhArakalabdhi kahalAtI hai| 26. vaikriyalabdhi - jisa zakti se manacAhe rUpa banAne kI yogyatA prApta hotI hai vaha vaikriyalabdhi kahalAtI hai| spaSTArtha hai ki vaikriyalabdhi se zarIra ke choTe-bar3e, sundara - vidrUpa hajAroM rUpa banAye jA sakate haiN| yaha labdhi manuSya aura tiryaJca ko ArAdhanAjanya evaM devatA - nArakI ko sahaja prApta hotI hai| 27. akSINamahAnasIlabdhi - jisa zakti ke prabhAva se choTe se pAtra meM lAyI huI bhikSA lAkhoM vyaktiyoM ko tRpta kara detI hai, phira bhI pAtra paripUrNa rahatA hai| vaha pAtra tabhI khAlI hotA hai jaba labdhidhArI svayaM usa bhikSA kA upayoga karatA hai, use akSINamahAnasIlabdhi kahate haiN| gaNadhara gautamasvAmI ko yahI labdhi prApta thii| isI labdhi ke prabhAva se ve sirpha eka pAtra meM rahI huI bhikSA dvArA 1503 tApasoM ko mana icchita pAraNA karavA sake 166 28. pulAkalabdhi jisa zakti ke utpanna hone para sAdhaka zAsana evaM saMgha kI surakSA ke lie cakravartI kI senA se bhI akelA jUjha sakatA hai, vaha -

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148... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka pulAkalabdhi kahalAtI hai| isa labdhi ke prApta hone para muni ko devatA ke samAna apUrva samRddhi evaM bala prApta ho jAtA hai tathA yaha labdhi sirpha muni ko hI prApta hotI hai| spaSTa hai ki tapa aura cAritra kI viziSTa sAdhanA ke dvArA AtmA kI samagra zaktiyoM ko udghATita kiyA jA sakatA hai| uparyukta aTThAIsa labdhiyA~ to Atmazakti kI kalpanA hetu udAharaNa mAtra haiN| dRSTivAda nAmaka bArahavA~ aMgasUtra (pUrva) meM ina labdhiyoM ke prApti kI tapasyA vidhi kA vistRta varNana kiyA gayA batAte haiM, kintu Aja vaha upalabdha nahIM hai| (ii) aSTa mahAsiddhi kI prApti aSTa siddhiyA~ bhI tapa ke AdhIna haiN| upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne mahAsiddhi kA ullekha karate hue navapadapUjA kI DhAla meM kahA hai ki AmosahI pamuhA bahu laddhi, hove jAsa prabhAve / aSTa mahAsiddhi navanidhipragaTe, namIe te tapa bhAve re / / kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki tapa sAdhanA ke prabhAva se yogI puruSa ko aNimAdi ATha vibhUtiyA~ prApta hotI haiM, jo nimna haiM 1. aNimA isa zakti ke atizaya se sAdhaka apanA zarIra aNu jitanA banAkara mRNAlatantu meM praveza kara sakatA hai aura vahA~ cakravartI kI taraha sukhabhoga kara sakatA hai| itanA hI nahIM, isa siddhi ke bala se tapasvI sarvatra vicaraNa kara sakatA hai aura kisI kI dRSTi kA viSaya bhI nahIM bntaa| 2. mahimA isa siddhi ke bala se sAdhaka apane zarIra ko parvatAdi ke samAna vizAla banA sakatA hai jaise - muni viSNukumAra ne AvazyakatA hone para apane zarIra ko eka lAkha yojana merUparvata ke parimANa jitanA banAyA thaa| 3. laghimA isa siddhi ke prabhAva se tapasvI apane zarIra ko Akar3e kI rUI jaisA halkA banA sakatA hai| 4. garimA isa siddhi ke bala para zarIra ko vajra se bhI bhArI banAne kI zakti prApta hotI hai| 5. vazitA isa siddhi ke phalasvarUpa prANImAtra ko vaza meM karane kI viziSTa zakti prApta hotI hai| - -- - - 6. prAkAmya isa siddhi ke prabhAva se tapasvI jala meM sthala kI taraha aura sthala meM jala kI taraha calane kI zakti prApta karatA hai / --

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva...149 7. prApti - isa siddhi se apane sthAna para baiThe-baiThe hI apane-apane aMgopAMgoM ko icchita pradeza taka phailAne kI viziSTa zakti prApta hotI hai| jaise ki isa siddhi ko prApta karane vAlA svayaM kI aMgulI se merUparvata ke zikhara kA athavA candramA kA sparza kara sakatA hai| 8. IzitA - isa siddhi ke prabhAva se apUrva Rddhi ko vistRta karane kI sAmarthya prApta hotI hai| spaSTArtha hai ki isa siddhi kI prApti se siddhiprApaka yogI cakravartI yA indra sadRza Rddhi kA vistAra kara sakatA hai| kucha vidvAnoM kI mAnyatAnusAra siddhiyA~ yoga se prApta hotI haiM, parantu jaina AcAryoM ne tapa kI vyAkhyA itanI vyApaka kI hai ki usameM yoga vidyA kA svata: samAveza ho jAtA hai| (iii) navanidhi kI prApti- nau prakAra kI nidhiyA~ tapa se hI prakaTa hotI haiN| yaha navanidhi nau taraha ke nidhAna ke samAna hai| pravacanasAroddhAra kI TIkA meM batAyA gayA hai ki navanidhiyA~ zAzvatakalpa kI pustakeM haiM aura unameM sampUrNa vizva sthiti kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| ina nidhiyoM ko eka prakAra se jJAna kA khajAnA samajhanA caahie| navanidhi kA sAmAnya svarUpa isa prakAra hai - 1. naisarpanidhi - isa nidhi meM grAma, Akara, nagara, pattana, droNamukha, maDamba, gRha va ApaNa (bAjAra) kI racanA se sambandhita vyAkhyA hai| 2. pANDukanidhi - isa nidhi meM gaNita, gIta, caubIsa prakAra ke dhAnya ke bIja tathA unakI utpatti ke prakAra varNita haiN| 3. piMgalanidhi - isa nidhi sambandhI kalpoM meM puruSa, strI, hAthI, ghor3A Adi ke pahanane yogya AbhUSaNa banAne kI vidhi batAyI gayI hai| 4. sarvaratnanidhi - isa nidhi meM cakravartI ke caudaha ratnoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| 5. mahApadmanidhi - isa nidhi se sambandhita kalpoM meM vastroM kI utpatti, unake prakAra, vastra dhone kI rIti tathA sAta dhAtuoM kI utpatti kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| 6. kAlanidhi - isa nidhi meM jyotiSa jJAna, tIrthaGkaroM ke vaMza kA kathana tathA sau prakAra ke zilpa kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| 7. mahAkAlanidhi - isa nidhi se sandarbhita kalpoM meM sapta dhAtu, unake vividha bheda tathA unakI utpattiyoM kA varNana hai|

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150...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka 8. mANavakanidhi - isa nidhi meM yoddhAoM kI utpatti, zastra sAmagrI, yuddha nIti aura daNDanIti kA nirUpaNa hai| 9. zaMkhamahAnidhi - isa nidhikalpa meM gadya, padya, nRtya, nATaka Adi kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| ukta nava nidhiyA~ viziSTa tapa se prakaTa hotI haiN| pravacanasAroddhAra ke anusAra pratyeka nidhi 8-8 cakra para pratiSThita hai| ina nidhiyoM kI lambAI, caur3AI evaM U~cAI kramaza: 12, 9 aura 8 yojana hai| inakA nivAsa sthAna gaMgA nadI kA mukha hai| jaba cakravartI chaha khaNDa ko jItakara apane nagara meM lauTatA hai taba ye nidhiyA~ pAtAla se nikalakara cakravartI kA svata: anugamana karatI haiN| ye nidhiyA~ suvarNamaya haiN| inake kapATa vaiDUryamaNi se nirmita haiM tathA ye vividha ratnoM se paripUrNa candra, sUrya evaM cakra ke AkAroM se cihnita haiN|67 ___ (iv) gautama svAmI ko amRtattva kI prApti- jaina paramparA meM gautama svAmI ke vyaktitva ko evaM unakI tapa sAdhanA ko sarvotkRSTa mAnA gayA hai| Aja bhI gautamasvAmI kA smaraNa zraddhA aura samarpaNa ke sAtha kiyA jAtA hai| unake sambandha meM eka dohA bahuta prasiddha hai aMgUThe amRta base, labdhitaNA bhaMDAra / zrI guru gautama sumariye, vAMchita phala dAtAra / / gautamasvAmI ke aMguSTha meM amRta kA nivAsa thA aura ve labdhiyoM ke bhaNDAra the| isakA matalaba yaha hai ki tapasyA ke dvArA unake zarIra kA pratyeka roma rasAyana bana gayA thaa| unake zarIra ke kisI bhI aMga-upAMga se kisI bhI vastu kA sparza hotA vaha kaMcana bana jaatii| yaha labdhi unheM kaThora tapa sAdhanA ke dvArA hI prApta huI thii| __ bhagavAna mahAvIra ne gautama gaNadhara kI kaThora tapa sAdhanA kA varNana karate hue zAstroM meM sthAna-sthAna para batAyA hai - "uggatave- ghoratave- tattatavemahAtave" arthAta gautama ugra tapasvI, ghora tapasvI, tapta tapasvI aura mahA tapasvI hai| abhayadevasUri ne bhagavatI TIkA meM likhA hai ki "yadanyena prAkRta puMsA na zakyate cintayitumapi tadavidhena tapasA yuktaH" arthAta gautamasvAmI aisA ugra tapazcaraNa karate the ki sAdhAraNa manuSya to usa tapo dharma kI kalpanA bhI nahIM kara sakatA hai| jisa dina gautamasvAmI ne bhagavAna mahAvIra kA ziSyatva cAritra

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva... 151 ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA, usI dina se bele - bele kI tapasyA ke pAraNe AyaMbila tapa kI ArAdhanA prArambha kara dii| isI kaThora tapazcaryA ke dvArA unakA zarIra amRta se paripUrNa bana gayA thaa| isI bAta ko lakSita karake kahA jAtA hai ki unake aMgUThe meM amRta kA vAsa thA / sacamuca meM to sampUrNa deha hI isa amRtattva se yukta thI; kintu zarIravijJAna ke anusAra saMcaraNa kI dRSTi se aMgUThe ko mahattva diyA gayA hai| zAstrakAra kahate haiM ki gaNadhara gautama ne tapa ke bala para aisI zakti bhI arjita kara lI thI, jisake prabhAva se kiJcita krodha Ane para solaha mahAjana padoM ko kSaNa bhara meM bhasmasAta kiyA jA sakatA thaa| isa varNana kA mUla hArda yahI hai ki tapa sAdhanA ke mAdhyama se dehajanya aura citjanya samasta zaktiyA~ evaM sukha sAmagriyA~ upalabdha kI jA sakatI haiN| vaidika dharma kI dRSTi se - vaidika sAhitya meM aneka sthaloM para tapa kA varNana dekhA jAtA hai| vahA~ tapa kI mahattA kA sAmAnya varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki tapa se jIvana tejasvI, ojasvI aura prabhAvazAlI banatA hai| vaidika saMhitAoM meM tapa ke lie 'tejas' zabda vyavahRta huA hai| jIvana ko teja va ojayukta banAne ke lie tapas sAdhanA kI preraNA dI gayI hai| vaidika RSi tapa ke mUlya kA sabalatama udghoSa karate hue kahate haiM ki tapasyA se hI Rt aura satya utpanna hue haiN| 68 tapasyA se hI veda utpanna hue haiN|69 tapasyA se hI vrata khojA jAtA hai| 70 tapasyA se hI mRtyu para vijaya pAyI jAtI hai aura brahmaloka prApta kiyA jAtA hai| 71 tapasyA ke dvArA hI tapasvI jana loka kalyANa kA vicAra karate haiN| 72 tapasyA se hI loka meM vijaya prApta kI jAtI hai| 73 tapa hI merI pratiSThA hai| 74 tapa ke dvArA hI zreSTha aura paramajJAna prakaTa hotA hai| 75 jo tapatA hai aura apane karttavya meM saMlagna rahatA hai vaha saMsAra meM sarvatra yaza ko samprApta hotA hai| 76 dharma ke jitane bhI aMga haiM cAhe vaha Rt ho, satya ho, tapa ho, zruta ho, zAnti ho cAhe dAna ho ve sabhI tapa ke hI aMga haiN| 77 tapa se AtmA kA sAkSAtkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| 78 svarga samprApti ke sapta dvAroM meM prathama dvAra tapa hai79 aura tapa ko kendra banAkara hI dharma vikasita huA hai| isase bhI bar3hakara hindU-paramparA to tapa rUpa sAdhana ko sAdhya ke tulya mAnatI huI kahatI hai ki 'tapa hI brahma hai | 80 jaina sAdhanA meM bhI tapa ko Atmika guNa

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152...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka mAnakara use sAdhya aura sAdhana donoM rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| __AcArya manu kahate haiM ki saMsAra meM jo kucha hai, vaha tapa hI hai| isa saMsAra meM jo kucha bhI durlabha aura dustara hai vaha saba tapasyA se sAdhya hai| tapasyA kI zakti duratikrama hai| tapa sabako jIta sakatA hai tapa ko koI jIta nahIM sktaa|81 nimna AcaraNa karane vAle bhI tapasyA se tapta hokara kilviSI yoni se mukta ho jAte haiN|82 isa bhA~ti tapa kI mahattA ke sambandha meM anekoM sAkSya vaidika granthoM se udadhRta kiye jA sakate haiN| bauddha dharma kI dRSTi se- jaina aura bauddha donoM hI nikaTa par3osI dharma haiM aura zramaNa dharma ke nAma se pukAre jAte hai phira bhI jaina aura hinda-paramparA meM tapa zabda kA prayoga jisa kaThora AcAra ke artha meM huA hai vaha bauddha kI madhyamamArgI sAdhanA ke kAraNa utane kaThora artha meM prayukta nahIM hai| tathAgata buddha madhyama mArga ke upadeSTA the, ata: unhoMne apane anuyAyiyoM se kahA ki tapa vaisA karanA cAhie jisase na svayaM ko aura na dUsaroM ko kaSTa ho| bauddha mata meM jisa prayAsa se cittazuddhi hotI hai, vahI tapa hai| .. Ama logoM meM yaha dhAraNA hai ki mahAtmA buddha tapa ke virodhI the| isa tathya ko pramANita karate hue kahA jAtA hai ki sAdhanA kAla ke prArambha meM unhoMne cha: varSa taka ugra sAdhanA kI thI, lekina saphalatA na mila pAne ke kAraNa ve tapasyA se udAsIna ho gye| eka dina koI gAyaka maNDalI unake samIpa se gujara rahI thI, unameM eka anubhavI gAyikA kisI navazikSita yuvatI se kaha rahI thI sitAra ke tAroM ko itanA bhI DhIlA mata chor3o ki ve baje hI nahIM aura itanA adhika mata kaso ki ve TUTa hI jaayeN| tapasyA se udvigna buddha ne yaha zabda sune to bajhA mana prakAzita ho utthaa| vicAra kiyA, yaha jIvana na kevala ArAma yA bhogapradhAna hai aura na hI dehadaNDa-damana rUpa hI hai| ata: madhyama mArga ko apanAyA jAnA cAhie, ve usa mArga kI ora turanta prasthita ho gye| yaha ghaTanA isa bAta ko siddha karatI hai ki bhagavAna buddha ne prArambhakAla meM tathA kucha samaya ke anantara yuvAvasthA, praur3hAvasthA meM bhI tapazcaraNa ko apanAye rakhA thaa| hA~! pUrva aura pazcAta kI tapa sAdhanA meM tAratamyatA kI apekSA avazya antara rahA hogA, kyoMki paravartI samaya meM unhoMne madhyama mArga ko cuna liyA thaa|

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva...153 bauddha sAhitya meM tapa kI mUlyavattA ko darzAne vAle kaI sandarbha prApta hote haiM jaise- bhagavAna buddha ne mahAmaMgalasutta meM kahA hai ki tapa, brahmacarya, Arya satyoM kA darzana aura nirvANa kA sAkSAtkAra ye uttama maMgala haiN|83 kAsibhAradvAjasutta meM bhI tathAgata ne kahA hai ki maiM zraddhA kA bIja botA hU~, usa para tapazcaryA kI vRSTi hotI hai tathA zarIra, vANI se saMyama rakhatA hU~ aura AhAra meM parimita rahakara satya dvArA maiM svayaM ke doSoM kA nirIkSaNa karatA huuN|84 diTThivajjasutta meM batAyA gayA hai ki kisI tapa yA vrata ke karane se kuzala dharma bar3hate haiM, akuzala dharma ghaTate haiM, ata: use avazya karanA caahie|85 buddha ne apane ziSyoM ko eka bAra bhojana karane ke lie kahA hai tathA bauddha zramaNoM ko rasa meM Asakti rakhane kA bhI niSedha kiyA hai| majjhimanikAya, mahAsIhanAdasutta meM buddha kI kaThina tapazcaryAoM kA vistRta varNana hai| uparyukta varNana se eka tathya yaha sAmane AtA hai ki bhagavAna buddha ne tapa ko kaThora deha daNDa ke rUpa meM svIkAra nahIM kiyA to jaina dharma bhI tapa ko kevala dehadaNDa nahIM mAnatA, vaha citta zuddhi, dhyAna Adi ko bhI tapa mAnatA hai| isa dRSTi se vicAra kareM to jaina dharma kA Abhyantara tapa bauddha dharma se samAnatA rakhatA hai| __vyAvahArika dRSTi se- kucha loga tapa ko deha daNDana rUpa kriyA mAnate haiN| isa deha daNDana ko yadi kucha DhIle artha meM liyA jAye to usakI vyAvahArika upAdeyatA siddha ho jAtI hai jaise- vyAyAma ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA deha daNDana (zArIrika kaSTa) svAsthya rakSA evaM zakti saMcaya kA kAraNa hokara jIvana ke vyAvahArika kSetra meM bhI lAbhaprada hotA hai, vaise hI tapasyA ke rUpa meM deha-daNDana kA abhyAsa karane vAlA kaSTa-sahiSNu zakti vikasita kara letA hai, jo vAsanAoM ke saMgharSa meM hI nahIM, jIvana kI sAmAnya sthitiyoM meM bhI sahAyaka hotI hai| eka upavAsa kA abhyAsI vyakti yadi kisI paristhiti meM bhojana nahIM kara pAtA to itanA vyAkula nahIM hogA jitanA ki anabhyasta vykti| vyAkulatA zarIra aura mana donoM ke lie hAnikAraka hai| sAtha hI vyavahAra jagata meM sabhyatA va ziSTAcAra ke pratikUla AcaraNa hai, kintu tapa sAdhanA se vyAkulatA para vijaya pAyI jA sakatI hai| kaSTa sahiSNutA kA abhyAsa AdhyAtmika jagata ke lie bhI Avazyaka hai|

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154... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka kaSTa sahiSNu sAdhaka hI adhyAtma kI u~cAiyoM ko chU sakatA hai| Atma sAdhanA ke patha para kisI na kisI taraha daihika kaSTa sahanA hI hotA hai jaba sAdhaka deha kaSTa se Upara uTha jAtA hai, sacamuca meM sAdhanA tabhI phalatI evaM pUrNatA ko prApta hotI hai| isa prakAra tapazcaryA vyAvahArika pakSa ko santulita va samanvita rakhatI huI hI adhyAtma vikAsa meM sahayogI banatI hai / jahA~ taka tapazcaryA ke pIche lokottara phala kI kAmanA kA prazna hai vahA~ mAnanA hogA ki AdhyAtmika dRSTi ke binA zArIrika yantraNA apane Apa meM koI tapa nahIM hai| usameM bhI yadi isa zArIrika yantraNA ke pIche laukika yA pAralaukika svArtha hai to phira use tapasyA kahanA mahAn mUrkhatA hogI | 86 vartamAna yuga kI dRSTi se anazana meM kitanI zakti ho sakatI hai, ise Aja gA~dhI yuga kA hara vyakti jAnatA hai| tapasyA karane vAle to usakA pratyakSa prayoga dekha cuke haiN| sarvodaya samAja racanA to upavAsa ke mUlya ko svIkAra karatI hI hai; kintu deza meM utpanna anna saMkaTa kI samasyA ne bhI isa ora hamArA dhyAna AkarSita kiyA hai| Adhunika cikitsaka evaM vaijJAnika bhI isakI upAdeyatA ko siddha kara cuke haiN| prAkRtika cikitsA praNAlI kA to mUla AdhAra hI upavAsa hai| UnodarI yA bhUkha se kama bhojana karanA, rasa parityAga karanA bhI svAsthya kI dRSTi se mUlyavAna hai| isase saMyama meM abhivRddhi evaM indriyoM para vijaya prApta hotI hai| gAMdhI jI ne isI mUlya ko dhyAna meM rakhakara gyAraha vratoM meM AsvAda vrata kA vidhAna kiyA thaa| yadyapi vartamAna yuga bhikSAvRtti ko ucita nahIM mAnatA hai tathApi samAja-vyavasthA kI dRSTi se isakA dUsarA pahalU bhI hai| jaina AcAra-vyavasthA meM bhikSAvRtti ke jo niyama pratipAdita haiM, ve apane Apa meM itane sabala haiM ki bhikSAvRtti ke sambhAvita doSoM kA nirAkaraNa svataH ho jAtA hai| bhikSAvRtti ke lie ahaM kA tyAga Avazyaka hai aura naitika dRSTi se usakA kama mUlya nahIM hai / - vividha pahaluoM kI dRSTi se tapa ke Abhyantara bhedoM meM dhyAna aura kAyotsarga kA sAdhanAtmaka dRSTi se bahuta bar3A mUlya hai| unhIM bhedoM meM svAdhyAya, vaiyAvRtya (sevA) evaM vinaya kA to sAmAjika evaM vaiyaktika donoM dRSTiyoM se mahattva hai| sevAbhAva aura anuzAsita jIvana (vinaya guNa) ye donoM sabhya samAja

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva...155 ke Avazyaka guNa haiN| IsAI dharma meM to sevAbhAva ko kAphI adhika mahattva diyA gayA hai| Aja usake vyApaka pracAra kA ekamAtra kAraNa usakI sevA bhAvanA va sahayoga bhAvanA hI hai| pArivArika dRSTi se sevAbhAva eka Avazyaka tattva hai| isa yuga ko prAyogika rUpa dene para parivAra aura samAja meM pArasparika sauhArdratA, saMvedanazIlatA, samarpaNa bhAvanA, sahayoga bhAvanA, vasudhaiva kuTumbakama jaise mahAna AdarzoM kI sthApanA hotI hai| Abhyantara tapa kA cauthA bheda svAdhyAya hai| isakA mahattva AdhyAtmika vikAsa aura jJAnAtmaka vikAsa donoM dRSTiyoM se hai| eka ora usase sva kA adhyayana hotA hai to dUsarI ora jJAna kA anushiiln| jJAna aura vijJAna kI sArI pragati ke mUla meM svAdhyAya hI hai| Abhyantara tapa kA prathama bheda prAyazcitta hai| yaha eka prakAra se aparAdhI dvArA svayAcita-svecchAgRhIta daNDa hai| yadi vyakti meM prAyazcitta kI bhAvanA jAgRta ho jAye to usakA jIvana hI badala sakatA hai| jisa samAja meM bhUla ko daNDa rUpa meM svIkAra karane vAle loga hoM, vaha samAja niHsandeha Adarza kA jItA-jAgatA udAharaNa hotA hai| isa taraha tapa ke mukhya prakAroM ke vividha mUlya haiM jinakA samucita mUlyAMkana sahaja nahIM hai|87 __tapa-sAdhanA bhAratIya saMskRti kA prANa rahI hai| zrI bharatasiMha upAdhyAya ke zabdoM meM bhAratIya saMskRti meM "jo kucha bhI zAzvata hai, jo kucha udAtta evaM mahattvapUrNa tattva hai,vaha saba tapasyA se hI sambhUta hai| tapasyA se hI isa rASTra kA bala yA oja utpanna huaa| tapasyA bhAratIya darzanazAstra kI hI nahIM, apitu usake samasta itihAsa kI prastAvanA hai| pratyeka sAdhanA-praNAlI vaha AdhyAtmika ho, cAhe bhautika, sabhI tapasyA kI bhAvanA se anuprANita hai|" bhAratIya saMskRti meM tapa ke mahattva ko adhika spaSTa karate hue kAkA kAlelakara likhate haiM ki "buddhakAlIna bhikSuoM kI tapazcaryA ke pariNAmasvarUpa hI azoka ke sAmrAjya kA aura mauryakAlIna saMskRti kA vistAra ho paayaa| zaMkarAcArya kI tapasyA se hindU-dharma kA saMskaraNa huaa| mahAvIra kI tapasyA se ahiMsA dharma kA pracAra huaa| caitanya mahAprabhu, jo mukha zuddhi ke hetu eka hare bhI mu~ha meM nahIM rakhate the, unake tapa se baMgAla meM vaiSNava saMskRti vikasita huii|'88 ___yaha saba to bhUtakAla ke tathya haiM, lekina vartamAna yuga kA jIvanta tathya hai - mahAtmA gA~dhI aura anya bhAratIya netAoM kA tapomaya jIvana, jinhoMne ahiMsA

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156... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka ke mAdhyama se deza ko svatantra karAyA / vastutaH tapa sAdhanA bhAratIya saMskRti kA ujjvalatama pakSa hai aura usake binA bhAratIya saMskRti meM pala rahI jaina, bauddha yA hindU saMskRti hI kyoM na ho, samucita rUpa meM samajhA nahIM jA sktaa| tapa vidhiyoM ke rahasya tapa kA pratyAkhyAna guru mukha se hI kyoM? kisI bhI prakAra ke tapa kA pratyAkhyAna, vrata uccAraNa Adi gurumukha se kiyA jAtA hai, gurujana yA sAdhu-sAdhvI kA sAnnidhya na ho to pUjyajanoM se anyathA paramAtmA ke samakSa svayaM dvArA kiyA jAtA hai| prazna uTha sakatA hai ki guru mukha se pratyAkhyAna kyoM karanA cAhie aura usake kyA phAyadeM haiM? sarvaprathama to pratyAkhyAna lene se vyakti ke mana meM dRr3hatA A jAtI hai, phira paristhitiyA~ use kamajora nahIM banA sktii| isase anAvazyaka pApa evaM parigraha kA tyAga bhI ho jAtA hai| guru mukha se pratyAkhyAna lene para guru kRpA prApta hotI hai, unake tapa tyAga evaM saMyamabala kI UrjA kA bhAvoM meM saMcaraNa hotA hai aura hamAre bhItara eka nayI sphUrti evaM zakti prakaTa hotI hai / guru pratyAkhyAnagrAhI kI zakti evaM sAmarthya dekhakara use tadyogya tapasyA Adi ke lie preraNA dekara manobala meM vRddhi karate haiM / jaina paramparA meM kisI bhI tapa yA vrata pratyAkhyAna ko paramAtmA, guru evaM svayaM aise tIna sAkSiyoM se tIna bAra grahaNa karane kA bhI niyama hai| isase vrata khaNDana kI sambhAvanAe~ samApta ho jAtI hai| tapa kAla meM bAhya kAryoM se nivRtti Avazyaka kyoM? tapa kA mukhya lakSya mAtra zarIra ko kaSTa denA yA tapAnA nahIM hai apitu sva ramaNatA aura Atmatattva kI jAgRti hai / yadi tapa ke samaya meM tapa ArAdhaka bAhya kriyAoM meM hI juTA rahegA to vaha Atma cintana meM pravRtta kaise hogA ? dUsarA kAraNa yaha hai ki tapa ke daurAna adhika se adhika jIvoM ko abhayadAna denA cAhie jisake lie viveka evaM nivRtti Avazyaka hai| tIsarA hetu yaha hai ki bAhya kriyAoM meM pravRtta rahane se zubha bhAvoM kI utpatti nahIM hotI aura kAma-kAja se thakane ke kAraNa tanAva, krodha Adi meM bhI vRddhi hotI hai, jisase svayaM ko aura dUsaroM ko tapa ke prati abhAva utpanna ho sakatA hai, parantu yaha bAta paristhiti sApekSa hai| yadi kisI ke yahA~ koI kAma karane vAlA hI na hoM athavA isa kAraNa bahU, naukara Adi para atyadhika kArya bhAra A jAne se pArivArika

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva.... .157 kleza Adi utpanna hote hoM, aise samaya meM viveka rakhate hue svayaM ke lie aise kArya rakhane cAhie jisameM alpa hiMsA ho, kArya karate hue bhI zubha cintana meM pravRtta rahA jA sake tathA bhAvoM kI zuddhatA evaM nirmalatA raha ske| tapa kI (Quantity) meM hI nahIM (Quality) meM bhI vRddhi honI caahie| tapasyA meM khamAsamaNa, jApa, kAyotsarga, sAthiyA, pradakSiNA Adi kyoM ? jaina zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka - paramparA meM adhikAMza tapasyAoM ke daurAna nizcita saMkhyA ke anusAra khamAsamaNa, pradakSiNA, sAthiyA, kAyotsarga, jApa Adi karane kA vidhAna hai| isameM nimna rahasya antarbhUta hone cAhie * tapasyA ke dinoM meM bAhya kAryoM se nivRtti mila pAne ke kAraNa svabhAva se jur3ane kA eka sundara avasara upasthita hotA hai usakA sadupayoga karane hetu kAyotsarga ke mAdhyama se dhyAna rUpI AbhyaMtara tapa meM pravRtta hote haiN| dhyAna ko mokSa kA anantara kAraNa mAnA gayA hai| jahA~ anazana Adi tapa ke dvArA zArIrika rAga ko samApta karane kA prayAsa kiyA jAtA hai vahIM kAyotsarga ke mAdhyama se rAga bhAva ko kSINa kara jJAtA - draSTA meM rahane kA prayatna kiyA jAtA hai| AtmA kA antima lakSya evaM tapasyA kA mukhya dhyeya mokSa hai usI kI samprApti hetu kAyotsarga kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| * pUrvAcAryoM ke matAnusAra kisI bhI tapArAdhanA kI saphalatA ke lie kama se kama 20 mAlA yAnI 2000 kA jApa karanA Avazyaka hai| dUsarA kAraNa yaha hai ki kisI eka mantra para citta ko sthira karane se ekAgratA bar3hatI hai, mana kA bAharI bhaTakAva kama hotA hai tathA Antarika zAnti evaM samAdhi kI prApti hotI hai| isase mantra siddhi bhI hotI hai| * khamAsamaNa dene se vinaya guNa kI prApti, ahaMkAra kA damana evaM bhakti yoga meM vRddhi hotI hai| pUjya ke sammukha jhukane se laghutA kA guNa prakaTa hotA hai / zArIrika zithilatA dUra hotI hai| zarIra ke sAthasAtha mana bhI komala banatA hai| vItarAga paramAtmA ke prati samarpaNa evaM zraddhA bhAva karma nirjarA aura abhISTa siddhi meM sahAyaka banate haiN| * pradakSiNA ke dvArA bhava bhramaNa se chuTakArA pAne ke bhAva utpanna hote haiN| usa samaya tapavAhI socatA hai ki mandira kI pherI denA bhI kaThina kArya jaisA laga rahA hai taba saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karanA kitanA pIr3AdAyaka hai ? isa taraha ke bhAva pragaTa hone para nijatA meM ko pAne kI ora agrasara hotA hai| prabhutA

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158... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka yahA~ yaha ullekha karanA bhI Avazyaka hai ki Aja kA vyasta jIvana jIne vAle kaI loga prazna karate haiM ki hama tapasyA to phira bhI kara sakate haiM para ina kriyAoM ke lie hamAre pAsa samaya nahIM hai yA itanI bar3I kriyAoM meM hamArA mana nahIM lagatA? to aise loga jo sahI meM mumbaI jaisI phAsTa lAipha jIte haiM, jahA~ subaha pAMca baje se hI unheM kAma para nikalanA par3atA hai aura bAda meM mAlA Adi pherane kA bhI samaya nahIM rahatA, ve jJAnI guru bhagavantoM dvArA mArgadarzana prApta kara paristhiti sApekSa vartana kara sakate haiM / parantu jo loga mAtra bar3I kriyAoM ke nAma para kriyA nahIM karate aura aise hI TelIvijana Adi dekhakara samaya bitAte haiM, unake lie tapasyA karanA mAtra bhUkhe rahanA hai| aisI tapasyA zArIrika lAbha bhale de deM para mAnasika yA AdhyAtmika pragati meM sahAyaka nahIM banatI tathA zArIrika dRSTi se bhI utanI lAbhadAyI nahIM hotI / tapasyA meM devavandana Avazyaka kyoM ? zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka - paramparA meM tapa ke sAtha devavandana karanA anivArya mAnA gayA hai| vaha devavandana kyA aura kyoM kiyA jAtA hai ? tathA ise kitanI bAra karanA cAhie ? caityavandana bhASya ke anusAra pAMca zakrastava ( NamutthuNasUtra) evaM do stuti yugala ke dvArA tIrthaGkara paramAtmA kA jo utkRSTa caityavandana kiyA jAtA hai, yahI devavandana kahalAtA hai| devavandana eka zubha anuSThAna hai| isa kriyA ke dvArA mUlataH arihanta paramAtmA ko vandana evaM unake guNoM kA smaraNa karate haiN| arihanta prabhu kI kRpA se hI tapa jaisI kaThina sAdhanA saMbhava hai| duniyA~ meM sarvazreSTha puruSa arihanta paramAtmA hI hote haiM ataH unake nAma sumiraNa evaM ArAdhanA se samasta kArya siddha ho jAte haiN| jisake nimitta se kArya siddhi ho unake prati kRtajJatA vyakta karanA, upakRta honA, ahobhAva jAgRta karanA, laukika karttavya bhI hai| devavandana kRtajJatA jJApana kA bhI sUcaka hai / devavandana kA dUsarA phalitArtha hai ki yaha eka paramAtma bhakti kA upakrama hai| bhakti karane se paramAtmA kA guNAnurAga evaM vaise hI guNoM kA vikAsa hamAre bhItara bhI hotA hai| bhakti se eka dhanAtmaka UrjA (paoNjiTiva enarjI) athavA vidheyAtmaka zakti prApta hotI hai tathA mAnasika zAnti kI anubhUti hotI hai| devavandana kitanI bAra kiyA jAye ? isa sambandha meM aisA hai ki kaI tapoM

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva...159 meM eka bAra to kuchaika tapoM jaise- navapada, bIsa sthAnaka Adi meM trikAla devavandana kA vidhAna hai| isake pIche mukhya kAraNa yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki navapada Adi zAzvata tapa haiN| bIsasthAnaka kI ArAdhanA pratyeka tIrthaGkaroM ke dvArA evaM unake zAsanakAla meM hotI hI hai| ataH aise tapa vizeSa kI mahimA darzAne ke lie tIna bAra devavandana kI paramparA banAyI gayI hai| vaise binA tapa ke bhI devavandana kiyA jA sakatA hai| devavandana kaba karanA? jina tapasyAoM meM trikAla devavandana kA niyama hai vahA~ trikAla darzana ke samaya meM devavandana karanA cAhie yAnI sUryodaya ke bAda se dina ke pahale prahara taka prathama devavandana, dUsare prahara ke madhya samaya meM madhyAhnakAla kA devavandana tathA sUryAsta se pUrva tIsarI bAra kA devavandana karanA caahie| jahA~ eka bAra devavandana kA vidhAna hai vaha madhyAhnakAla meM karanA cAhie, kyoMki devavandana na karane taka ArAdhaka kA mana pratyAkhyAna meM sthira rhegaa| vaise madhyAhnakAla pUjAbhakti ke lie utkRSTa bhI mAnA gayA hai| kaI jagaha rUr3hi paramparA se yaha dhAraNAe~ pAla rakhI hai ki devavandana sAr3he bAraha baje taka kara lenA cAhie, kAraNa vizeSa se na ho to usake bAda nahIM kiyA jA sakatA? vaise purimaDDa taka to devavandana kA vidhAna hai hii| isake samaya nirdhAraNa kA eka kAraNa usa kriyA ke lie samaya niyojana kI apekSA se honA cAhie, anyathA koI kabhI bhI karegA to usa kriyA kA apanA mahattva nahIM rahegA, parantu kisI kAraNavaza yadi bAda meM karanA par3e to usameM koI doSa nahIM hai, kyoMki devavandana yaha paramAtmA kA guNagAna hai jo ki kabhI bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai| vartamAna meM devavandana ke sthAna para navakAra mantra kI eka mAlA ginane kI paramparA bhI dekhI jAtI hai| yaha paristhitivaza AyA huA apavAda mArga hai, jisake nimna kAraNa pAye jAte haiM - yadi kisI ko devavandana ke sUtra pATha Ate hI na hoM aura koI karavAne vAlA bhI na ho| aise sAdhakoM ke mana meM kriyA pUrNa nahIM huI, aisA kheda na rahe yA isa kAraNa ve tapa se hI vaJcita na raha jAe~, isalie una logoM ke lie eka mAlA kA vidhAna ho sakatA hai| dUsarA kAraNa yaha sambhava hai ki koI paristhiti

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160...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka vizeSa se devavandana na kara pAyeM to vaha eka mAlA ginakara usakI pUrti kara le, anyathA kriyA apUrNa raha jAyegI aisA kahA gayA ho athavA sunA ho, isalie bhI navakAravAlI ginane kA pracalana dekhA jAtA hai| parantu yadi koI TAlamaTolI yA aise hI devavandana na kare aura phira usakI jagaha eka mAlA gine to yaha lAparavAhI yA kriyA kI avahelanA hogii| tapotsava meM bar3ha rahe ADambara evaM pradarzana kitane prAsaMgika? tapa Atmazuddhi aura sva-jAgRti kI prakriyA hai| isake prati bahumAna ke bhAva to sabake hRdaya meM hone hI cAhie tathA uttama rUpa se tapa kA bahumAna bhI honA caahie| tapa ke udyApana meM ADambara Adi dharma kI prabhAvanA hetu kiye jAte haiM, parantu isameM tapa kartA ke mana meM svayaM kA abhinaMdana karavAne yA lene kI bhAvanA nahIM honI caahie| vartamAna meM isakA rUpa aura bhAva donoM badala gaye haiM jisase dharma evaM tapa kI prabhAvanA ke sthAna para hilanA ho rahI hai| Aja aTThAI se lekara usase Upara kI tapasyAoM meM lene-dene kI paramparA bahuta adhika bar3ha gayI hai| sAmAnya paristhiti vAle logoM ko tapa karane se pahale socanA par3atA hai, kyoMki yadi kisI ke pAsa pacAsa hajAra, lAkha rupayA kharca karane ke lie hai to vaha tapa meM sAdharmIvAtsalya, acchI prabhAvanA, zAsana mAtA ke gIta Adi kara sakatA hai aura isI ke sAtha pIhara pakSa vAloM ke bhI sAmAnya meM pandraha-bIsa hajAra kA kharcA A jAtA hai| isa hetu Adhunika yuga meM kaI loga tapasyA se katarAte haiM, Aja tapasyA sTeTasa simbala bana gayI hai| ina sAmAjika rUr3hiyoM ke kAraNa loga tapa se vimukha hote jA rahe haiN| Aja kaI sampanna zrAvakoM ke dvArA tapa kA Ayojana rakhA jAtA hai jisameM pUrva se hI yaha vijJApana zurU kara dete haiM ki amuka-amuka prakAra ke kAryakrama aura alpAhAra Adi kI vyavasthA rahegI jisase adhika loga juTa skeN| jisa prakAra hara sikke ke do pahalU hote haiM vaise hI isake bhI do pakSa haiN| isa prakAra ke pralobhanoM se loga adhika AkarSita hote haiM, parantu isase vyakti tapa kA sahI svarUpa vismRta karatA jA rahA hai aura ArAdhanA kA mUlyAMkana bhI prApta sAmagrI ke AdhAra para karane laga gayA hai, jo ki galata hai| mere matAnusAra samAja meM tapa kharca ko lekara eka sImA nizcita ho jAnI

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva...161 caahie| cAhe dhanADhya loga hoM yA sAmAnya vrgiijn| isake atirikta kisI ko adhika karanA bhI ho to vaha sAdharmika utthAna, zikSA, jIvadayA, zAsana prabhAvanA ke kAryoM meM apanI sampatti kA satprayoga kreN| Aja paryuSaNa jaise dinoM meM bhI zAsana mAtA ke gItoM ko lekara bAhara kI abhakSya vastue~ nAzte meM rakha dI jAtI haiM, sAdharmI vAtsalya meM bhI bhakSya-abhakSya kA viveka nahIM rakhA jAtA hai| tyAga kA abhinandana to tapa-tyAga se hI honA cAhie, khAnA-pInA, sonA-cAMdI se kaisA abhinandana? karanA hai to unake nimitta se jIvana meM koI sata niyama svIkAra kiyA jAe tathA pratyeka lena-dena kI eka sImA bAMdha dI jaae| yadi ho sake to kama se kama parigraha bar3hAne sambandhI tyAga hI honA caahie| varana zAtA pachane vAloM ke sAmane tapa-tyAga kI carcA to kama, kintu kisane kyA diyA? kitanA diyA? basa yahI carcA hotI hai, jisase tapa karake karmoM kI nirjarA nahIM pratyuta karma bandhana bar3hatA hai| ata: tapa kA abhinandana-anumodana to avazya honA cAhie, para usake nimitta aisI paramparAe~ pracalana meM na AeM, jisase tapa kA mUlya ghaTe yA usake prati logoM meM hIna bhAvanA utpanna ho| vartamAna meM bAhya evaM Abhyantara tapa ko lekara bhI kaI prazna uThAye jAte haiN| bAhya tapa adhika Avazyaka hai yA Abhyantara tapa? loka vyavahAra meM adhikatama loga upavAsa, ekAsanA Adi ko hI tapa ke rUpa meM karate haiM aura mAnate haiM zeSa ko vaha mahattva nahIM, jabaki unakI sAdhanA bhI utanI hI kaThina hai| isa tapa meM to sirpha sva-zarIra hI tapatA hai, parantu Abhyantara tapa meM ahaMkAra, kaSAya Adi tapa kara galate haiM, ata: sabhI kA apanA sthAna hai jisakA jaisA sAmarthya ho, use vaisI ArAdhanA karanI caahie| jahA~ bAhya tapa indriyoM ke prati Asakti, svAda lolupatA, zarIra rAga ko kama karatA hai vahIM Abhyantara tapa Antarika guNoM meM vRddhi karate haiM, Atma nirmalatA ko bar3hAte haiM tathA vinaya, mArdava, Arjava Adi dharma meM bhI vRddhi karate haiN| ata: donoM kI sAdhanA sAtha hI honI caahie| kucha loga yaha prazna uThAte haiM ki yadi Abhyantara tapa se zuddhi ho sakatI hai to phira bAhya tapa kI kyA AvazyakatA hai ? jaisA ki pUrva meM spaSTa kara cuke haiM ki donoM tapoM kA apanA svatantra mUlya

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162...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki jaba taka dravya dvArA kisI kriyA se na jur3A jAe taba taka hara kisI ko bhAva bhI utpanna nahIM ho skte| tIsarI bAta, zarIra ko to gariSTha bhojana dvArA hRSTa-puSTa kiyA jAe aura yaha soce ki Abhyantara zuddhi rahegI to yaha sambhava nahIM lagatA, kyoMki AhAra hamAre zarIra aura mana donoM ko prabhAvita karatA hai| zArIrika rAga nyUna nahIM ho, taba taka sevA Adi kArya bhI nahIM ho skte| kaI loga yaha tarka karate haiM ki jaina dharma ahiMsAvAdI dharma hai phira apane zarIra ko kaSTa dene athavA tapa Adi karane meM hiMsA nahIM hai kyA? yaha prazna uThAne se pahale hiMsA aura ahiMsA kI sahI paribhASA samajhanA Avazyaka hai| jisa kArya se kisI kI AtmA yA zarIra pIr3ita ho vaha hiMsA hai, parantu tapasyA meM icchApUrvaka kaSToM ko sahana kiyA jAtA hai jo ki karma nirjarA evaM dehAsakti ko nyUna karane meM hetubhUta haiM, yaha hiMsA kI zreNI meM nahIM aataa| jaba vyakti vyApAra Adi sIjana ke samaya meM dina-dina bhara bhUkhA rahatA hai taba vaha kaSTa bhI use priya lagatA hai, vaise hI Atma sAdhanA ke icchuka AtmArthiyoM ke lie tapa Adi kI pIr3A AnandadAyaka hotI hai| bhAratIya RSi muniyoM evaM yoga sAdhakoM ne apane sAdhanA evaM anubhava jJAna ke AdhAra para vizva saMskRti ko aneka trikAla prAsaMgika vidhAnoM se samRddha kiyA, unakI dRSTi mAtra AdhyAtmika yA bhautika vikAsa taka sImita nahIM thI, apitu usameM zArIrika svasthatA, mAnasika zAMtatA Adi kA bhI puTa samAhita rahatA thaa| isa adhyAya ke mAdhyama se tapa kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa digdarzita karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| sandarbha-sUcI 1. jaina dharma meM tapa svarUpa aura vizleSaNa, pR. 93-95 2. dazavaikAlikasUtra, saMpA, madhukaramuni, 9/4/10 3. AcArAMganiyukti, gA. 283 4. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, saMpA. madhukaramuni, 29/27 5. bhagavatIsUtra, 2/5/16 6. jaina dharma meM tapa svarUpa aura vizleSaNa, pR. 56-64 7. jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana, bhA. 2, pR. 102

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva...163 8. buddhalIlAsAra saMgraha, pR. 280-281 9. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 29/13 10. vahI, 29/27-28 11. vahI, 25/35 12. jahA mahAtalAyassa, sannirUddha jalAgame / ussiMcaNAe tavaNAe, kameNaM sosaNA bhave // evaM tu saMjayassAvi, pAvakammanirAsave / bhavakoDI saMciyaM kamma, tavasA nijjarijjai / vahI, 30/5-6 13. niHsaGgatA zarIralAghavendriyavijayasaMyamarakSaNAdi / guNa yogAt zubhadhyAnAvatthitasya karmanirjaraNam / / uttarAdhyayana zAntyAcArya TIkA, patra 608 14. dazAzrutaskandha, saMpA. madhukaramuni, 5/6, pR. 35 15. maitrAyaNI AraNyaka, 1/4 16. yogavAziSTha, 2/68/14 17. haThayogapradIpikA, 1/17 18. yogadarzana, 2/52 19. majjhimanikAya, 2/2/2, visuddhimaggo, pR. 269 20. yogadarzana, 1/51 21. Avazyakaniyukti, 1459 22. (ka) ArSa, 21/12 (kha) tattvAnuzAsana, pR. 161 23. jaina yoga kA AlocanAtmaka adhyayana, dige arhatadAsa banDovA, pR. 161 24. sUtrakRtAMgasUtra, saMpA. madhukaramuni, 1/16/1 25. dazavaikAlika hAribhadrIya TIkA, adhyayana 10 26. uttarAdhyayananiyukti, (niyuktipaMcaka), gA. 373 27. dazavaikAlika hAribhadrIya TIkA, adhyayana 1 28. sUtrakRtAMga, 1/16/1 kI zIlAMka TIkA, pR. 263 29. kalpasUtra, saMpA. devendramunizAstrI, 196 30. uggaM ca tavokamma, visesao vddhmaannss| Avazyakaniyukti, gA. 240

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164...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka 31. (ka) tinni sae divasANaM, auNApanne ya paarnnaakaalo| Avazyakaniyukti, gA. 534 (kha) Avazyaka hAribhadrIyAvRtti, patra 227-229 (ga) triSaSTizalAkApuruSacaritra, 10/4/651-657 32. kalpasUtra, pR. 185-186 33. (ka) anuttaropapAtikasUtra, saMpA. madhukaramuni, 3/1/6 (kha) antakRddazAMgasUtra, varga 6-3, varga 8-1-10 34. Avazyakaniyukti, gA. 450 35. AvazyakacUrNi jinadAsagaNimahattara, pR. 235 36. samavAyAMgasUtra abhayadeva TIkA, pR. 100 37. kalpasUtra, pR. 39 38. vItarAgastotra, 4/14 39. (ka) jJAtAdharmakathAsUtra, 8/14 (kha) tattvArthasUtra, 6/24 40. abhUmija manAkAzaM, pathyaM rasa vivarjanam / sammataM sarvazAstrANAM, vada vaidya kimauSadham? __ jaina AcAra siddhAnta aura svarUpa, pR. 532 41. abhUmijamanAkAzaM, patthyaM rasa vivarjanam / / pUrvAcAryaH samAkhyAtAM, laMghanaM paramauSadham // 42. upavAsa, pR. 9-10 vahI, pR. 532 43. upavAsa se jIvana rakSA, pR. 32-33 44. jinavANI, saMpA. DaoN. narendra bhAnAvata, pR. 128-131 45. taeNaM tassa bharahassa...AuhagharasAlAe divve cakkarayaNe smuppjitthaa| taeNaM se bharaherAyA ... posahasAlA uvAgacchai... aTThamabhattaM pginnhi| jambUdvIpaprajJapti, 3/53, 57 46. jaina dharma meM tapa svarUpa aura vizleSaNa, pR. 52-53 47. tateNaM tumhe amhaM IMdA bhavissaha...... bhagavatIsUtra, 3/1/36-45 48. pravacanasAroddhAra, 270, 1492 49. vahI, 270, 1495 50. yogadarzana, 2/36 51. bhagavatIsUtra, abhayadevaTIkA, 8/2 52. dasavihA laddhI paNNattA... bhagavatIsUtra, 8/2/92

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tapa sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA evaM usakA mahattva...165 53. Amosahi vipposahi, khelosahi jallaosahI cev| savvosahi saMbhinne, ohIriu viulamailaddhI / cAraNa AsIvisa, kevaliya gaNahAriNo ya puvvadharA / arahaMta cakkavaTTI, baladevA vAsudevA vAyaM / khIramahasappiAsava, koTThayabuddhI payANusArI y| taha bIyabuddhiteyaga, AhAraga sIyalesA ya // veuvidehaladdhI, akkhINamahANasI pulAyA ya / pariNAmatavavaseNaM, emAI huMti laddhIo // pravacanasAroddhAra, 270/1492-1495 54. sarvataH sarvairapi zarIradezaiH zRNoti sa sNbhinnshrotaaH| AvazyakacUrNi, a. 1 55. jaina dharma meM tapa svarUpa aura vizleSaNa, pR. 74-75 56. bhagavatIsUtra, 20/9/1 57. vahI, 20/9/2,6 58. tiloyapaNNattI, 1/4/1034-1048, pR. 279-280 59. cattAri jAi AsIvisA bicchuyajAI... sthAnAMgasUtra, 4/4/514 60. solasarAya sahassA, savva baleNaM tu saMkalanibaddhaM / aMchaMti vAsudevaM, agaDataDammiThiyaM saMtaM / / __ghettuNa saMkalaM so, vAmahattheNa aMchamANANaM / @jijja baliM pijja va, mahumahaNaM te na cAeMti // jaM kesavassa u balaM taM, duguNaM hoi ckkvttttiss| tatto balA balavaggA, aparimiyabalA jiNavariMdA / Avazyakaniyukti, bhA. 1/71, 72, 75 61. karor3a cakravartiyoM kA bala eka deva meM, karor3a devoM kA bala eka indra meM, ananta indroM kA bala tIrthaGkara kI kaniSTha aMgulI meM hotA hai| 62. (ka) jambUdvIpaprajJapti TIkA, vakSaskAra 2 (kha) pravacanasAroddhAra TIkA, dvAra 270 (ga) dUdha ko madhura evaM svAdiSTa banAne kI aisI hI eka kathA bauddha granthoM meM bhI prasiddha hai| sujAtA nAma kI upAsikA thii| vaha eka hajAra gAyoM kA dUdha pA~ca sau gAyoM ko pilAtI, pA~ca sau gAyoM kA DhAI sau ko, isI krama se solaha gAyoM kA dUdha ATha gAyoM ko, ATha kA cAra ko, cAra kA do gAyoM ko dUdha pilAkara usake dUdha kI khIra banAtI hai| usa khIra kI bhikSA vaha buddha ko detI hai|

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166...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka 63. (ka) pravacanasAroddhAra, 270/1502 (kha) Agama aura tripiTaka, pR. 170 64. vahI, 1503 65. vahI, 1503 66. vahI, 1504 67. pravacanasAroddhAra, 213/1218-1231 kI TIkA 68. Rgveda, 10/190/1 69. tathaiva vedA- manusmRti, 11/243 70. tapasA cIyate brahma- muNDakopaniSada, 1/1/8 71. atharvaveda, 11/3/5/19, pR. 267 72. vahI, 19/5/41 73. tapasA vai lokaM jayaMti- zatapathabrAhmaNa, 3/4/4/27 74. tapo me pratiSThA-taittirIya brAhmaNa, 3/7/7/9, pR. 1112 75. zreSTho ha vedastapaso'dhijAta:- gopathabrAhmaNa, 1/1/9 76. yo'sau tapati sa vai zaMsati - vahI, 2/5/14 77. RtaM tapaH, satyaM tapaH, zrutaM tapaH, zAMtaM tapo, dAnaM tpH| taittirIya AraNyaka, 10/8 78. satyena labhyastapasA hyeSa aatmaa| muNDakopaniSad, 3/1/5 79. mahAbhArata Adiparva, 90/22, pR. 275 80. taittirIya upaniSad, 3/2/3/4/5 81. yad dustaraM yad durApaM, yad durgaM yacca duSkaram / sarvaM tat tapasA sAdhyaM, tapohi duratikramam // manusmRti, 11/238 82. vahI, 11/239 83. suttanipAta, 16/10 84. vahI, 4/2 85. aMguttaranikAya, diTThavajjasutta 86. jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAra darzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana, bhA. 1, pR. 116 87. bauddha darzana aura anya bhAratIya darzana, pR. 71-72 88. jIvanasAhitya, bhA. 2, pR. 197-198

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adhyAya-4 . jaina dharma kI zvetAmbara evaM digambara paramparA __ meM pracalita tapa-vidhiyA~ jaina paramparA meM bAhya tapa evaM AbhyaMtara tapa donoM kA hI mahattvapUrNa sthAna dekhA jAtA hai| bAhya tapa kA svarUpa atyaMta vistRta hai| isa adhyAya meM Agama paramparA se aba taka pracalita-apracalita samasta tapoM kA varNana kiyA hai| isake mAdhyama se bAhya tapa kI mahattA ujAgara hogI evaM bAhya tapa meM rucivaMta sujJa janoM ko apratima mArga kI prApti hogii| Agamokta tapoM ke mAdhyama se sAkSAta jinavANI kI ArAdhanA kA lAbha prApta ho sakatA hai| ata: yahA~ para zvetAmbara evaM digambara paramparA meM varNita tapa-vidhiyoM kA varNana kiyA jaaegaa| zvetAmbara granthoM meM varNita tapazcaryA sUcI zvetAmbara AgamoM evaM pUrvavartI granthoM meM anekavidha tapoM kA ullekha prApta hotA hai| unakI sAmAnya jAnakArI prApta karane evaM kauna sA tapa kitanA prAcIna hai? isa mUlya ko darzAne hetu kAlakrama pUrvaka eka sUcI prastuta kI jA rahI hai| antakRtdazAsUtra meM ullikhita tapa ___1. bhikSupratimA tapa 2. guNaratnasaMvatsara tapa 3. ratnAvalI tapa 4. kanakAvalI tapa 5. mahAsiMhaniSkrIDita tapa 6. laghusiMhaniSkrIDita tapa 7. laghusarvatobhadra tapa 8. mahAsarvatobhadra tapa 9. bhadrottarapratimA tapa 10. muktAvalI tapa 11. AyaMbila vardhamAna tp| (pahalA evaM AThavA~ varga) uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM nirdiSTa tapa ___ ina Agama meM nimna chaha tapoM kA spaSTa ullekha milatA hai- 1. zreNI tapa 2. pratara tapa 3. ghana tapa 4. varga tapa 5. vargavarga tapa 6. prakIrNa tp| (30/10-11)

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168... ... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka 1 AcArya haribhadraracita (8vIM zatI) paMcAzaka prakaraNa meM upadiSTa tapa isa prakaraNa meM lagabhaga 23 tapa vidhiyoM kA varNana hai| jinake nAma ye haiM 1. tIrthaGkara dIkSA tapa 2. tIrthaGkara kevalajJAna tapa 3. tIrthaGkara nirvANa tapa 4. cAndrAyaNa tapa 5. rohiNI tapa 6. ambA tapa 7. zrutadevatA tapa 8. sarvAGgasundara tapa 9. nirujazikhA tapa 10 paramabhUSaNa tapa 11. Ayatijanaka tapa 12. saubhAgyakalpavRkSa tapa 13. darzana - jJAna - cAritra tapa 14. yogazuddhi tapa 15. indriyavijaya tapa 16. kaSAyamathana tapa 17. aSTakarmasUdana tapa 18. tIrthaGkaramAtRkA tapa 19. samavasaraNa tapa 20. nandIzvara tapa 21. puNDarIka tapa 22. akSayanidhi tapa 23. sarvasaukhyasampatti tapa / AcArya haribhadrasUri ne gAthA 38 meM 'Adi' zabda kA ullekha kara anya tapoM kI ora bhI sUcita kiyA hai| sAtha hI ina tapoM kI prAmANika vidhiyA~ evaM kaunasA tapa kaba karanA cAhie? isa sambandha meM anubhavI logoM se jJAta karane kA nirdeza diyA hai| (19vA~ prakaraNa) AcArya nemicandra (10vIM zatI) racita pravacanasAroddhAra meM nirUpita tapa prastuta grantha meM 38 tapa vidhiyoM kA vivecana hai / unake nAma isa prakAra haiM1. indriyajaya tapa 2. yogazuddhi tapa 3. ratnatraya tapa 4. kaSAyavijaya tapa 5. karmasUdana tapa 6. laghusiMhaniSkrIDita tapa 7. mahAsiMhaniSkrIDita tapa 8. muktAvalI tapa 9. ratnAvalI tapa10 kanakAvalI tapa 11. bhadra tapa 12 mahAbhadra tapa 13. bhadrottara tapa 14. sarvatobhadra tapa 15. sarvasukhasampatti tapa 16. rohiNI tapa 17. zrutadevatA tapa 18 sarvAGgasundara tapa 19. nirujazikhA tapa 20. paramabhUSaNa tapa 21. Ayatijanaka tapa 22. saubhAgyakalpavRkSa tapa 23. tIrthaGkaramAtA tapa 24. samavasaraNa tapa 25. amAvasyA tapa 26. puNDarIka tapa 27. akSayanidhi tapa 28 candra pratimA tapa 29. saptasaptamikA tapa 30. aSTa aSTamikA tapa 31. navanavamikA tapa 32. dazadazamikA tapa 33. AyaMbila vardhamAna tapa 34. guNaratnasaMvatsara tapa 35. tIrthaGkara niSkramaNa tapa 36. tIrthaGkara kevalajJAna tapa 37. tIrthaGkara nirvANa tapa 38. bIsasthAnaka tp| (10vA~, 43 se 45vA~, 271 vA~ dvAra) tilakAcAryakRta ( 13vIM zatI) 'sAmAcArI' meM varNita tapa isa sAmAcArI grantha meM 30 tapa - vidhiyoM kA ullekha hai / unake nAma nimna

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jaina dharma kI zvetAmbara evaM digambara paramparA meM pracalita tapa-vidhiyA~...169 haiM - 1. kalyANaka tapa 2. jJAnapaJcamI tapa 3. indriyajaya tapa 4. kaSAyavijaya tapa5. yogazuddhi tapa 6. upadhAna tapa 7. sarvAGgasundara tapa 8. nirujazikhA tapa 9. Ayatijanaka tapa 10. paramabhUSaNa tapa 11. saubhAgyakalpavRkSa tapa 12. cAndrAyaNa tapa 13. UnodarI tapa 14. karmasUdana tapa 15. tIrthaGkara dIkSA tapa 16. tIrthaMkara kevalajJAna tapa 17. tIrthaGkara nirvANa tapa 18. davadantI tapa 19. vardhamAna tapa 20. bhadra tapa 21. mahAbhadra tapa 22. bhadrottara tapa 23. mahAbhadrottara tapa 24. guNaratnasaMvatsara tapa 25. kanakAvalI tapa 26. ratnAvalI tapa 27. muktAvalI tapa 28. siMhaniSkrIDita tapa 29. AyaMbila vardhamAna tapa 30. gyAraha pratimA tapa 31. yogodvahana tp| (tapa kulaka nAma kA 12vA~ tathA 22-32 adhikAra) zrImat candrAcArya (12vIM zatI) saMkalita 'subodhA sAmAcArI' meM pratipAdita tapa prastuta sAmAcArI prakaraNa meM lagabhaga 39 tapoM kA svarUpa batalAyA gayA hai| ina tapoM kI nAma sUcI isa prakAra hai 1. indriyajaya tapa 2. kaSAyamaMthana tapa 3. yogazuddhi tapa 4. aSTakarmasUdana tapa 5. tIrthaGkaramAtA tapa 6. samavasaraNa tapa 7. nandIzvara tapa 8. puNDarIka tapa 9. akSayanidhi tapa 10. sarvasaukhyasampatti tapa 11. rohiNI tapa 12. ambA tapa 13. zrutadevatA tapa 14. sarvAGgasundara tapa 15. nirujazikhA tapa 16. paramabhUSaNa tapa 17. Ayatijanaka tapa 18. saubhAgyakalpavRkSa tapa 19. jJAna-darzana-cAritra tapa 20. vajramadhya cAndrAyaNa tapa 21. yavamadhya cAndrAyaNa tapa 22. tIrthaGkara dIkSA tapa 23. tIrthaGkara kevalajJAna tapa 24. tIrthaGkara nirvANa tapa 25. jJAnapaJcamI tapa 26. mukuTasaptamI tapa 27. mANikya prastArikA tapa 28. bhadra tapa 29. mahAbhadra tapa 30. bhadrottara pratimA tapa 31. sarvatobhadra pratimA tapa 32. Ayambila vardhamAna tapa 33. davadantI tapa 34. saptasaptamikA tapa 35. aSTaaSTamikA tapa 36. navanavamikA tapa 37. dazadazamikA tapa38. upadhAna tapa 39. yogodvahana tp| (pR. 8-12, 21-34) AcArya jinaprabhasUri (14vIM zatI) racita vidhimArgaprapA meM prarUpita tapa prastuta kRti meM lagabhaga 45 tapoM kA vidhivata svarUpa prApta hotA hai| unakI nAma sUcI nimnokta hai 1. tIrthaGkara dIkSA tapa 2. tIrthaGkara kevalajJAna tapa 3. tIrthaGkara nirvANa tapa

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170... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka 4. kalyANaka tapa 5. sarvAGgasundara tapa 6. nirujazikhA tapa 7. paramabhUSaNa tapa 8. Ayatijanaka tapa 9. saubhAgya kalpavRkSa tapa 10 indriyajaya tapa 11. kaSAyamaMthana tapa 12. yogazuddhi tapa 13. aSTakarmasUdana tapa 14. jJAna-darzana-cAritra tapa 15. rohiNI tapa 16. ambA tapa 17. zrutadevatA tapa 18. jJAnapaMcamI tapa 19. nandIzvara tapa 20 satya sukha sampatti tapa 21. puNDarIka tapa 22. tIrthaGkara mAtR tapa 23. samavasaraNa tapa 24 akSayanidhi tapa 25. sthavira vardhamAna tapa 26. davadantI tapa 27. aSTakarmauttara- prakRti tapa 28. candrAyaNa tapa 29. UnodarI tapa 30. bhadra tapa 31. mahAbhadra tapa 32. bhadrottara tapa 33. sarvatobhadra tapa 34. ekAdaza aMga tapa 35. dvAdazAMga tapa 36. caturdazapUrva ArAdhanA tapa 37. aSTApada tapa 38. eka sau sattara jina ArAdhanA tapa 39. navakAra tapa 40. bIsa sthAnaka tapa 41. dharmacakra tapa 42. sAMvatsarika tapa 43. bArahamAsika tapa 44. aSTamAsika tapa 45. chahamAsika tp| inake atirikta mANikyaprastArikA, mukuTasaptamI, amRta aSTamI, avidhavAdazamI, gautamapar3avA, mokSadaNDaka, aduHkhadIkSitA, akhaNDadazamI Adi tapoM kA nAmollekha karate hue yaha sUcana diyA hai ki ye tapa Agama evaM gItArtha dvArA Acarita na hone ke kAraNa inakA vivecana nahIM kiyA hai| gyAraha aMga, aSTApada Adi tapa vizeSa sthaviroM (gItArthoM) dvArA apravartita hone para bhI ArAdhanA ke yogya haiM, isalie unakA varNana kiyA hai tathA ekAvalI, kanakAvalI, ratnAvalI, muktAvalI, guNaratnasaMvatsara, kSudramahalla, siMhaniSkrIr3ita Adi tapa vizeSa vartamAna meM duSkara hone se inakA svarUpa nahIM batalAyA hai| isa taraha vidhimArgaprapA meM atirikta bahuta se tapoM kA nAma nirdeza hai| (14vA~ dvAra) AcArya vardhamAnasUri (15vIM zatI) racita AcAradinakara meM nirdiSTa tapa AcAradinakara meM lagabhaga 100 tapoM kA nirUpaNa karate hue unheM tIna bhAgoM meM isa taraha vibhakta kiyA hai - 1. tIrthaGkara prarUpita tapa 2. gItArtha prarUpita tapa aura 3. sAmAnya rUpa se Acarita tapa / ina tapoM kI nAma sUcI yaha hai * 1. upadhAna tapa 2. zrAddhapratimA tapa 3. yatipratimA tapa 4. yoga tapa 5. indriyajaya tapa 6. kaSAyajaya tapa 7. yogazuddhi tapa 8. dharmacakra tapa, 9-10. aSTAhnikAdvaya tapa 11. karmasUdana tapa / -

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jaina dharma kI zvetAmbara evaM digambara paramparA meM pracalita tapa-vidhiyA~...171 __ukta gyAraha tapa jinezvara paramAtmA dvArA kahe gaye haiN| inameM yogodvahana tapa ko chor3akara zeSa sabhI tapa sAdhu evaM zrAvakoM dvArA karane yogya haiN| yogodvahana tapa sAdhu-sAdhvI ke lie hI karaNIya hai| . 1. kalyANaka tapa 2. jJAna-darzana-cAritra tapa 3. cAndrAyaNa tapa 4. vardhamAna tapa 5. paramabhUSaNa tapa 6. tIrthaGkara dIkSA tapa 7. tIrthaGkara kevalajJAna tapa 8. tIrthaGkara nirvANa tapa 9. UnodarikA tapa 10. saMlekhanA tapa 11. sarvasaMkhyA mahAvIra tapa 12. kanakAvalI tapa 13. muktAvalI tapa 14. ratnAvalI tapa 15. laghusiMha niSkrIDita tapa 16. bRhasiMha niSkrIDita tapa 17. bhadratapa 18. mahAbhadra tapa 19. bhadrottara tapa 20. sarvatobhadra tapa 21. guNaratnasaMvatsara tapa 22. gyAraha aMga tapa 23. saMvatsara tapa 24. nandIzvara tapa 25. puNDarIka tapa 26. mANikya prastArikA tapa 27. padmottara tapa 28. samavasaraNa tapa 29. vIragaNadhara tapa 30. azokavRkSa tapa 31. eka-sau-sattara jina tapa 32. navakAra tapa 33. caudahapUrva tapa 34. caturdazI tapa 35. ekAvalI tapa 36. dazavidhayatidharma tapa 37. paJcaparameSThI tapa 38. laghupaJcamI tapa 39. bRhatpaJcamI tapa 40. caturvidhasaMgha tapa 41. dhana tapa 42. mahAghana tapa 43. varga tapa 44. zreNI tapa 45. merU tapa 46. battIsa kalyANaka tapa 47. cyavana tapa 48. janma tapa 49. lokanAli tapa 50. kalyANakASTAhnikA tapa 51. sUryAyana tapa 52. AcAmlavardhamAna tapa 53. mahAvIra tapa 54. mAghamAlA tapa 55. lakSapratipata tp| ye uparokta tapa gItArthoM dvArA Acarita kahe gaye haiM tathA sAdhu-sAdhvI, zrAvaka-zrAvikA rUpa sabhI sAdhakoM ke dvArA AcaraNa karane yogya haiN| . 1. sarvAGgasundara tapa 2. nirujazikhA tapa 3. saubhAgyakalpavRkSa tapa 4. damayantI tapa 5. Ayatijanaka tapa 6. akSayanidhi tapa 7. mukuTasaptamI tapa 8. ambA tapa 9. zrutadevI tapa 10. rohiNI tapa 11. mAtR tapa 12. sarvasukhasampatti tapa 13. aSTApadapAvar3I tapa 14. mokSadaNDa tapa 15. aduHkhadarzI tapa 16. gautamapaDavA tapa 17. nirvANa tapa 18. dIpaka tapa 19. amRtASTamI tapa 20. akhaNDadazamI tapa 21. paratrapAlI tapa 22. sopAna tapa 23. karmacaturtha tapa 24. laghu navakAra tapa 25. avidhavAdazamI tapa 26. bRhatnaMdyAvarta tapa 27. laghunaMdyAvarta tp|

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172... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka tulanA uparyukta tapa gRhasthoM ke lie sAMsArika phala Adi kI apekSA kahe gaye haiM, jo kisI icchA kI pUrti hetu kiye jAte haiN| (bhA. 2. pR. 336) yadi hama Upara varNita tapa sUciyoM kA gaharAI se avalokana karate haiM to bodha hotA hai ki Agama- sAhitya meM prAya: bRhad (kaThina) tapoM kA hI varNana hai jinheM vartamAna yuga meM kriyAnvita kara pAnA durbhara hai| AcArya janaprabhasUri ne to isa sambandha meM spaSTa mantavya darzAte hue likhA hai ki mere dvArA ekAvalI, kanakAvalI, ratnAvalI Adi tapoM kA svarUpa vivecana nahIM kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki ye tapa isa samaya duHsAdhya haiN| tadanantara 8vIM zatI se 13vIM zatI taka ke granthoM meM Agama kA anusaraNa karate hue anya aneka tapa nirUpita kiye gaye haiM, kintu vahA~ kisI taraha kA vibhAgIkaraNa nahIM kiyA gayA hai| jabaki 14vIM zatI (vidhimArgaprapA) evaM 15vIM zatI (AcAradinakara) ke granthoM meM tapa saMkhyA kI adhikatA ke sAtha-sAtha unakA vibhAjana bhI prApta hotA hai| - AcArya jinaprabhasUri ne vidhimArgaprapA meM unhIM tapoM kA vidhi svarUpa dikhalAyA hai jo gItArtha Acarita aura Agama sammata haiM, kyoMki unhoMne gItArtha dvArA anAcarita tapoM kA mAtra nAmollekha kiyA hai aura anAcarita hone se unakA svarUpa darzAne meM apanI aruci prakaTa kI hai| AcArya vardhamAnasUri ne pUrvAcAryoM kI tulanA meM sabase adhika tapa-vidhiyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| unhoMne apanA dhyAna na kevala tapa saMkhyA kI abhivRddhi kI ora diyA hai apitu unakA eka samucita vargIkaraNa bhI prastuta kiyA hai / jaba hama vidhimArgaprapA aura AcAradinakara ina donoM granthoM ke vargIkaraNa kI ora dhyAna dete haiM to kiJcita virodhAbhAsa parilakSita hotA hai| jaise ki vidhimArgaprapA meM mANikyaprastArikA nAmaka tapa ko gItArtha anAcarita kahA gayA hai, kintu AcAradinakara ke karttA ne ise gItArtha bhASita kahA hai| AcAradinakara meM zrAvaka kI gyAraha pratimA nAmaka tapa ko tIrthaGkara prajJapta kahate hue use adhunA'pi svIkAra karane kA upadeza diyA gayA hai jabaki vidhimArgaprapA meM pratimA rUpa zrAvaka dharma ko vyucchinna huA, aisA mAnA gayA hai isalie usakI vidhi bhI nahIM kahI gayI hai| AcAradinakara meM zrAvaka pratimAoM kA samyak varNana upalabdha hai| vidhimArgaprapA meM tIrthaGkara upadiSTa evaM gItArtha svIkRta tapoM kA varNana

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jaina dharma kI zvetAmbara evaM digambara paramparA meM pracalita tapa-vidhiyA~...173 yugapad hai| isase yaha spaSTa nahIM ho pAtA hai ki jinaprabhasUri ne kina tapoM ko jinezvara praNIta aura kina tapoM ko gItArtha bhASita mAnA hai jabaki AcAradinakara meM yaha vibhAjana sundara DhaMga se kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ yaha prazna khar3A ho sakatA hai ki AcArya vardhamAnasUri ne indriyajaya, kaSAyajaya, yogazuddhi, dharmacakra Adi kiJcita tapoM ko tIrthaGkara bhASita kahA hai to unakA ullekha Agama-sAhitya ke pRSThoM para avazya honA cAhie jabaki una tapoM ke nAma se vahA~ koI carcA dRSTigata nahIM hotI, to yaha virodhAbhAsa kaise? - isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki tIrthaGkaroM ne jina tapoM kA prayoga kiyA, vaha saba Agama pRSThoM para tapa saMjJA ke rUpa meM ullikhita ho yaha Avazyaka nahIM, kyoMki jaise bhagavAna mahAvIra ne sAdhanAkAla ke daramyAna ekamAsI tapa, dvimAsI tapa, DhAImAsI tapa, cAturmAsika tapa Adi aneka tapasyAe~ kii| unakA varNana prabhu ke jIvana caritra (kalpasUtra TIkA) meM avazya AtA hai, parantu usake atirikta kinhIM Agama yA paravartI sAhitya meM vaha carcA tapa-vidhi ke rUpa meM prApta nahIM hotI hai| isI bhA~ti indriyajaya Adi tapoM ke viSaya meM samajhanA caahie| dUsarA tathya yaha hai ki kAlakrama se tapa saMkhyA meM jo abhivRddhi huI usake pIche mukhya kAraNa yaha mAnA jA sakatA hai ki dravya, kSetra aura kAla ke anusAra jaba sAdhaka kaThina yA dIrgha tapa karane se vimukha hone lage to unheM tapa-sAdhanA meM juTAye rakhane ke uddezya se gItArthoM ne choTe-choTe tapoM kI sthApanA kii| unameM bhI manobala evaM dehabala ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue kucha sAmAnya to kucha viziSTa tapoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA, tAki hara varga ke sAdhaka isa sAdhanA se jur3a skeN| ati sAdhAraNa prANiyoM ke lie sAMsArika phala dene vAle tapoM kA bhI nirdeza kiyA gayA jinheM prArambha meM bhale hI kisI taraha kI kAmanA pUrti hetu apanAyA jAe, parantu dhIre-dhIre sAdhaka unase Upara uTha jAtA hai| __ AcArya haribhadrasUri ne paJcAzakaprakaraNa meM isa viSaya kA acchA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai| hama isa viSayaka khulAsA Age kreNge| yahA~ itanA hI jJAtavya hai ki deza-kAla kI sthitiyoM evaM sAdhaka kI manovRttiyoM ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue nayenaye tapoM kI pratisthApanA ke dvArA tapa saMkhyA meM bar3hottarI hotI gayI, pratyuta zAstrIya sambaddha duHsaha tapoM kI mUlyavattA ko surakSita rakhane hetu unakA vivecana bhI yathAvata darzAyA jAtA rahA hai|

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174... ... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka tIsarA ullekhanIya yaha hai ki vidhimArgaprapA eka prAmANika, sAmAcArIbaddha evaM sarvamAnya grantha hai| isameM isase pUrvavartI granthoM meM varNita sabhI tapa - vidhiyA~ bhI samAviSTa haiN| dUsare, AcAradinakara meM isase bhI adhika tapa-vidhiyoM kA nirUpaNa hai ata: yahA~ pramukha rUpa se ukta granthoM ke AdhAra para hI sabhI tapoM kI Avazyaka carcA kreNge| tapa - vidhiyA~ tapa bhAratIya sAdhanA kA prANa tattva hai| jaise zarIra meM uSmA jIvana ke astitva kA dyotaka hai vaise hI sAdhanA meM tapa usake mUla astitva ko abhivyakta karatA hai| tapa ke binA na nigraha hotA hai na abhigraha hotA hai| kevala AhAra kA tyAga karanA hI tapa nahIM hai vastutaH viSaya-vAsanA aura kaSAya- kaluSita bhAvoM kA tyAga karanA hI tapa hai| bhojana Adi kA parityAga bAhya tapa hai tathA vAsanA Adi pravRttiyoM para niyantraNa karanA Abhyantara tapa kahalAtA hai / tapa antarmAnasa meM pallavita hue yA ho rahe vikAroM ko jalAkara bhasma kara detA hai aura sAtha hI mithyAtva Adi se AcchAdita ajJAna rUpI andhakAra ko bhI naSTa kara detA hai| isalie tapa jvAlA bhI hai aura jyoti bhI hai| tapa eka aisA kalpavRkSa hai jisakI nirmala chatra chAyA meM sAdhanA ke amRta phala prApta hote rahate haiN| pUrvAcAryoM ne tapa kI mahimA kA saMgAna karate hue kahA hai ki yaddUraM yaddUrArAdhyaM yacca dUre vyavasthitam / tat sarvaM tapasA sAdhyaM, tapo hi duratikramam / / - ( AcAradinakara, bhA. 2, pR. 334 ) jo vastu atyanta dUra hai, atyanta dussAdhya hai aura kaSTa dvArA ArAdhI jA sakatI hai ve saba vastue~ tapazcaryA dvArA hI sAdhya hotI haiM, kyoMki tapazcaryA kA prabhAva duratikrama hai arthAta usakA ullaMghana koI kara nahIM sakatA / isI krama meM AcArya vardhamAnasUri yaha bhI kahate haiM ki jo vyakti zivakumAra kI taraha gRhastha Azrama meM rahakara bhI tapasyA kA AcaraNa karatA hai vaha deva sabhA meM bhI kAnti, dyuti, mahattA aura sphUrti ko prApta karane vAlA (deva) hotA hai| jaise- agni ke pracaNDa tapa meM tapane se jisakA varNa ujjvalatA ko prApta hotA hai aisA suvarNa sarva dhAtuoM meM viziSTatA evaM zreSThatA ko prApta karatA hai, usI prakAra tapa karane vAlA manuSya sarva mAnavoM meM ziromaNi evaM viziSTatA prApta karatA hai| tapa se samagra karmoM kA bhedana tathA vividha prakAra kI labdhiyA~ prApta hotI

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jaina dharma kI zvetAmbara evaM digambara paramparA meM pracalita tapa-vidhiyA~...175 haiN| zAstroM meM naMdISeNa nAmaka brAhmaNa kA kathAnaka AtA hai ki vaha svayaM ke ghara meM aura nagara meM bhI mahAdurbhAgI mAnA jAtA thA, kintu cAritra grahaNa karane ke pazcAta kSamA yukta tapa karane se deva evaM manuSyoM ke dvArA vandana karane ke yogya huA arthAta unake dvArA pUjA gyaa| eka jagaha kahA gayA hai ki athiraM pi thiraM vaMkaMpi, ujjuaM dullahaM pi taha sulahaM / dusajhaM pi susajjhaM, taveNa saMpajjae vajjaM / / jo vastu asthira hai vaha tapa ke prabhAva se sthira hotI hai, jo vastu vakra hai vaha sarala hotI hai, jo vastu durlabha hai vaha sulabha hotI hai tathA jo duHsAdhya hai vaha susAdhya hotI hai| cakravartI kI cha: khaNDa jaisI kaThina sAdhanA bhI tapa ke dvArA hI phalIbhUta hotI hai| isalie tIrthaGkaroM ne evaM gItArtha-muniyoM ne jo tapa kI vidhi kahI hai usa tapa ko vidhivata karane se manuSyoM ko manavAMchita siddhiyA~ prApta hotI haiN| jainAcAryoM ne tapasyA para bala dete hue itanA taka nirdiSTa kiyA hai ki yadi dAna dene kI zakti na ho to puNyavanta manuSyoM ko svayaM kI zArIrika zakti ke anusAra tapaHkarma avazya karanA caahie| ____sAmAnyatayA tapazcaryA ke mukhya do prakAra haiM - 1. bAhya tapa aura 2. Abhyantara tp| ye dvividha tapa chaha-chaha prakAra ke kahe gaye haiM, aise tapa ke bAraha prakAra hote haiN| SaDvidha bAhya tapa ke avAntara aneka bheda haiN| tIrthaGkaroM evaM munivaroM ne tapa ke pratyeka bheda-prabhedoM kI krama pUrvaka vidhi batalAyI hai| unameM se kucha tapa kevalajJAniyoM dvArA kahe gaye haiM, kucha tapa gItArtha munivaroM dvArA batAye gaye haiM tathA kucha tapa aihika phala ke icchukoM dvArA Acarita haiN| isa prakAra sarva tapoM ko tIna bhAgoM meM vargIkRta kiyA jA sakatA hai| yahA~ tapa vidhiyoM kA svarUpa batalAne ke pUrva mukhya rUpa se kahane yogya yaha hai ki AcAradinakara nAmaka grantha meM sabhI tapoM ko tIna bhAgoM meM bAMTA gayA hai| una vargIkRta kiJcid tapoM ke sambandha meM praznacihna upasthita hote haiM jaise ki AcArya vardhamAnasUri ne varga tapa, zreNI tapa, ghana tapa, mahAghana tapa Adi ko gItArtha bhASita kahA hai jabaki unakA mUla ullekha uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM prApta hotA hai| yaha AgamasUtra bhagavAna mahAvIra kI sAkSAta antima vANI kA saMkalana rUpa hai aura ise antima upadeza ke rUpa meM mAnate haiM taba ukta varga Adi tapa tIrthaGkara praNIta hone caahie| AcArya vardhamAnasUri ne kanakAvalI, muktAvalI, ratnAvalI

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176... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka Adi Agama varNita tapoM ko bhI gItArtha bhASita kahA hai jabaki una tapoM kI ArAdhanA prAyaH zreNika rAjA kI mahArAniyoM ne kI hai| yaha varNana antakRta dazA nAmaka AThaveM aMga sUtra meM hai aura aMga sUtroM meM tIrthaGkaroM kI mUla vANI ko saMkalita evaM gumphita mAnate haiN| dUsarI bAta, rAjA zreNika caubIsaveM tIrthaGkara paramAtmA mahAvIra ke zAsanakAla meM hue haiM ataH unakI rAniyoM dvArA Acarita tapa tIrthaGkara prajJapta hone caahie| isa prakAra bhale hI tapa saMkhyA kI adhikatA evaM pracalita sAmAcArI meM sarvamAnya hone se vidhimArgaprapA aura AcAradinakara ko mUlabhUta AdhAra banAyA hai phira bhI Agama kathita tapoM kA svarUpa yathAyogya vargIkaraNa ke sAtha kiyA jaayegaa| yahA~ yaha bhI ullekhanIya hai ki ina tapoM meM yogopadhAna mukhya hai aura usakI vidhi kevalI dvArA bhASita hai, ataeva isa tapa kI carcA khaNDa-3 gRhastha ke vratAropaNa adhikAra meM kara cuke haiN| gRhasthoM ke lie yogodvahana-ta vidhAna nahIM hai, kintu muniyoM ko ise avazya karanA caahie| -tapa kA aihika phala kI pUrti karane vAlI tapasyAe~ sAdhu-sAdhviyoM tathA pratimAdhArI evaM samyaktvadhArI zrAvakoM ko nahIM karanI caahie| zeSa sabhI tapa guNavAna sAdhusAdhvI aura zrAvaka-zrAvikAoM ke dvArA avazyameva karaNIya haiN| jaina zAstroM meM bAhya tapa kA vistRta varNana prApta hotA hai / kAla sApekSa aneka tapa bhinna-bhinna samaya meM pracalana meM aae| kucha kA uddezya laukika rahA to kucha kA lokottr| tapa karma nirjarA kA pramukha sAdhana hone se ise Acarita karane ke anekazaH mArga batAe gae tAki kisI na kisI mArga se vyakti lakSya taka pahu~ca ske| AdyopAnta jainAcAryoM dvArA zatAdhika tapoM kA guMphana kiyA gayA hai| zvetAmbara paramparA meM bAhya tapa kA pracalana evaM rUjhAna sarvAdhika dekhA jAtA hai| ArAdhaka varga kI isI ruci ko dhyAna meM rakhakara tapa vidhiyoM ko pRthaka bhAga ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai| isase tapa ArAdhakoM ko tapa cayana meM suvidhA hogii| bar3e AkAra kI pustaka ko hara samaya sAtha rakhanA duvidhApUrNa hai| tapa ArAdhaka prAyaH aisI pustakoM ko sAtha rakhate haiM ataH Easy Carrying ke lie usakA choTA rUpa jarUrI hai| inhIM saba bAtoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara zvetAmbara paramparA meM ullekhita tapoM kA vistRta ArAdhanA yogya svarUpa khaNDa-22 meM prastuta kiyA hai| tapa ruci sampanna ArAdhaka varga sajjana tapa nirdezikA kA Alambana le sakate haiN|

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jaina dharma kI zvetAmbara evaM digambara paramparA meM pracalita tapa-vidhiyA~...177 digambara paramparA meM pracalita tapa digambara AmnAya meM tapa zabda 'vrata' saMjJA se vyavahRta hai| yahA~ tapa ko vrata kahA gayA hai| zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka paramparA kI bhA~ti isa paramparA meM bhI anekavidha tapoM kA vivecana prApta hotA hai| hameM jina tapoM kA svarUpa prApta huA hai, unakA vidhivata varNana karate hue zeSa kA nAmollekha mAtra kreNge| harivaMza purANa meM varNita tapa sUcI- isameM lagabhaga 37 vratoM kA varNana hai| jinake nAma ye haiM1. sarvatobhadra (zlo. 52, sarga 34) 20. saptasaptamatapo vrata (91) 2. basantabhadra (56) 21. aSTa aSTama yA nava-navamAdi vrata (92) 3. mahAsarvatobhadra (57) 22. AcAmla varddhamAna tapa (95) 4. trilokasAra (59) 23. zrutavrata (97) 5. vajramadhya (62) 24. darzanazuddhi vrata (98) 6. mRdaMgamadhya (64) 25. tapa:zuddhi vrata (99) 7. murajamadhya (66) 26. cAritrazuddhi (100) 8. ekAvalI (67) 27. eka kalyANa vrata (110) 9. dvikAvalI (68) 28. paMcakalyANa vrata (111) 10. muktAvalI (69) 29. zIlakalyANa vrata (112) 11. ratnAvalI (69) 30. bhAvanAvidhi vrata (112) 12. ratna muktAvalI (72) 31. paMcaviMzati kalyANa bhAvanA vidhi 13. kanakAvalI (74) vrata (114) 14. dvitIya ratnAvalI (76) 32. duHkhaharaNa vrata (118) 15. siMhaniSkrIDita (78-80) 33. karmakSaya vidhi vrata (121) 16. nandIzvara vrata (84) 34. jinendraguNa saMpatti vidhi vrata (122) 17. merUpaMkti vrata (86) 35. divyalakSaNa paMkti vidhi vrata (123) 18. zAtakumbha vrata (87) 36. dharmacakra vidhi vrata paraspara kalyANa 19. cAndrAyaNa vrata (90) vidhi vrata (124) cAritrasAra (151/1) pR. 137 tapa prakaraNa para uparokta meM se kevala 10 vratoM kA nirdeza hai|

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178...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka vasunandi zrAvakAcAra (zloka 355, 363, 366, 368, 373, 376) meM ullekhita tapa sUcI1. paMcamI vrata 4. saukhya sampatti vrata 2. rohiNI vrata 5. nandIzvara paMkti vrata 3. azvinI vrata 6. vimAna paMkti vrata __ vratavidhAna saMgraha (jainendra siddhAnta koza, bhA. 3, pR. 626) meM nirdiSTa tapa sUcI isa saMgraha meM uparokta vratoM ke atirikta nimna vratoM kA bhI ullekha milatA hai 1. akSayanidhi vrata 20. cauMtIsa atizaya vrata 2. anastamI vrata 21. tIna caubIzI vrata 3. aSTamI vrata 22. AdinAtha jayantI vrata 4. gandha aSTamI vrata 23. AdinAtha nirvANa jayantI vrata 5. niHzalya aSTamI vrata 24. AdinAtha zAsana jayantI vrata 6. manacintI aSTamI vrata 25. vIra jayantI vrata 7. aSTAhnikA vrata 26. vIra zAsana jayantI vrata 8. AcAravardhana vrata 27. jina pUjA purandara vrata 9. esonava vrata jina mukhAvalokana vrata 10. esodaza vrata 29. jina rAtri vrata 11. kaMjika vrata 30. jyeSTha vrata 12. karmacUra vrata 31. NamokAra cauMtIsI vrata karmanirjarA vrata tapo zuddhi vrata 14. zrutakalyANaka vrata 33. triloka tIja vrata 15. kSamAvaNI vrata 34. roTa tIja jJAnapaccIsI vrata 35. tIrthaMkara vrata 17. caturdazI vrata 36. telA vrata 18. ananta caturdazI vrata 37. triguNasAra vrata 19. kalI caturdazI vrata 38. trepana kriyA vrata

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jaina dharma kI zvetAmbara evaM digambara paramparA meM pracalita tapa- vidhiyA~... 1 .179 39. dazaminiyAnI vrata 40. dazalakSaNa vrata 41. akSayaphaladazamI vrata uDaMDadazamI vrata 42. 43. camakadazamI vrata chahAra dazamI vrata 44. 45. jhAvadazamI vrata 46. tamora dazamI vrata 47. pAna dazamI vrata 48. phala dazamI vrata 49. phUla dazamI vrata 50. bArA dazamI vrata 51. bhaNDAra dazamI vrata 52. sugandha dazamI vrata 53. saubhAgya dazamI vrata * 54. dIpamAlikA vrata 55. dvAdazI vrata 56. kAMjI bArasa vrata 57. zrAvaNa dazamI vrata 58. dhanakalaza vrata 59. navanidhi vrata 60. 61. 62. 63. AkAza paMcamI vrata 64. RSi paMcamI vrata nakSatra mAlA vrata navakAra vrata paMca poriyA vrata 65. kRSNa paMcamI vrata 66. kokila paMcamI vrata 67. garUr3a paMcamI vrata 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. nirjara paMcamI vrata zrutapaMcamI vrata zveta paMcamI vrata lakSaNa paMkti vrata parameSThI guNa vrata pallava vidhAna vrata 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. puSpAMjalI vrata bAraha tapa vrata bAraha bijorA vrata belA vrata tIrthaMkara belA vrata zivakumAra belA vrata bhAvanA vrata paMcaviMzati bhAvanA vrata bhAvanA paccIsI vrata 82. 83. muSTi vidhAna vrata meghamAlA vrata 84. 85. maunavrata ratnatraya vrata ravivAra vrata dugdharasI vrata nityarasI vrata SaTsI vrata rukmaNI vrata rudravasaMta vrata labdhi vidhAna vrata zIla vrata zrutaskandha vrata SaSThI vrata

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180... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka 105. zIla saptamI vrata 106. samakita caubIzI vrata 107. 108. 109. 110. 111. 97. candana SaSThI vrata 98. SoDaza kAraNa vrata 99. saMkaTa haraNa vrata 100. kaumAra saptamI vrata 101. nanda saptamI vrata 102. nirdoSa saptamI vrata 103. mukuTa saptamI vrata 104. mokSa saptamI vrata samavasaraNa vrata sarvArthasiddhi vrata tulanA - uparokta tapoM meM se bahuta se vratoM ke nAma zvetAmbara paramparA mAnya tapoM se milate-julate haiN| ukta tapoM meM ekAvalI, kanakAvalI, AyaMbila, vardhamAna Adi Agamika tapoM kA bhI nirdeza hai| sAtha hI inameM tIrthaMkara praNIta, gItArtha kathita evaM bhautika upalabdhiyoM kI apekSA kiye jAne vAle - isa taraha tInoM prakAra ke vratoM kA bhI samAveza hotA hai| inakI vartamAna paramparA meM ravi vrata, sugaMdha dazamI, paMcamerU, karma nirjara, anantavrata, ratnatraya vrata, triloka tIja, AkAza paMcamI, zruta paMcamI, mukuTa saptamI Adi tapa vizeSa rUpa se pracalita haiN| - sukhakAraNa vrata sudarzana vrata sauvIra bhakti vrata uparyukta sarvatobhadra Adi vrata vidhiyoM kA sAmAnya svarUpa nimna hai - 1. sarvatobhadra vrata pA~ca khaNDa kA eka caukora koSThaka banAyeM aura eka se lekara pA~ca taka ke aMka usameM isa taraha bhareM ki saba ora se ginane para pandraha-pandraha upavAsoM kI saMkhyA nikle| ina pandraha upavAsoM meM pA~ca kA guNA karane se upavAsoM kI saMkhyA pacahattara aura pA~ca pAraNoM kA pA~ca se guNA karane para pAraNoM kI saMkhyA paccIsa hotI hai| isameM eka upavAsa pAraNA, do upavAsa pAraNA, tIna upavAsa pAraNA, cAra upavAsa pAraNA aura pA~ca upavAsa pAraNA / isa prakAra yaha sarvatobhadra vrata sau dina meM pUrNa hotA hai| isa tapa ke karane se samasta kalyANa rUpa nirvANa pada kI prApti hotI hai| 2. basantabhadra vrata eka sIdhI rekhA meM pA~ca se lekara nau taka aMka likheN| una sabakA jor3a paiMtIsa hotA hai| isa prakAra basantabhadra vrata meM 35 upavAsa hote haiN| unakA krama yaha hai ki pA~ca upavAsa pAraNA, chaha upavAsa pAraNA, sAta upavAsa pAraNA, ATha upavAsa pAraNA aura nau upavAsa pAraNA / isa vrata meM 35 -

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jaina dharma kI zvetAmbara evaM digambara paramparA meM pracalita tapa-vidhiyA~...181 upavAsa aura 5 pAraNA isa taraha cAlIsa dina lagate haiN| ____ 3. mahAsarvatobhadra vrata - sAta khaNDoM vAlA eka caukora koSThaka bnaayeN| usameM eka se lekara sAta taka ke aMka isa rIti se likheM ki saba ora se saMkhyA kA jor3a aTThAIsa-aTThAIsa aaye| eka-eka khaNDa meM aTThAIsa-aTThAIsa upavAsa aura sAta-sAta pAraNe hote haiN| sAtoM bhaGgoM ko milAkara eka sau chayAnave upavAsa aura unacAsa pAraNe hote haiN| isakI vidhi pUrvavata jAnanI caahie| isameM kula do sau paiMtAlIsa dina lagate haiN| yaha tapa karane se sarva prakAra kA kalyANa hotA hai| 4. trilokasAra vrata - isameM nIce se pA~ca se lekara eka taka, phira do se lekara cAra taka aura usake bAda tIna se lekara eka taka isa taraha bindu rakheM ki tIna loka kA AkAra bana jaayeN| isameM tIsa upavAsa aura gyAraha pAraNe hote haiN| unakA krama yaha hai pA~ca upavAsa pAraNA, cAra upavAsa pAraNA, tIna upavAsa pAraNA, do upavAsa pAraNA, eka upavAsa pAraNA, do upavAsa pAraNA, tIna upavAsa pAraNA, cAra upavAsa pAraNA, tIna upavAsa pAraNA, do upavAsa pAraNA aura eka upavAsa paarnnaa| isa vidhi meM ikatAlIsa dina lagate haiN| isa tapa ke prabhAva se koSThabIja Adi RddhiyA~ tathA tIna loka kA sAra mokSa sukha prApta hotA hai| 5. vajramadhya vrata - isa tapa yantra ke Adi aura anta meM pA~ca-pA~ca tathA bIca meM ghaTate-ghaTate eka bindu raha jAtI hai| isameM jitanI bindue~ haiM utane upavAsa aura jitane sthAna haiM utane pAraNe jAnane caahie| inakA krama isa prakAra hai - pA~ca upavAsa pAraNA, cAra upavAsa pAraNA, tIna upavAsa pAraNA, do upavAsa pAraNA, eka upavAsa pAraNA, do upavAsa pAraNA, tIna upavAsa pAraNA, cAra upavAsa pAraNA aura pA~ca upavAsa paarnnaa| isa vrata meM unatIsa upavAsa aura nau pAraNe hote haiN| isa prakAra yaha tapa ar3atIsa dina meM samApta hotA hai| isa vrata ke phala se indra, cakravartI aura gaNadhara kA pada, avadhijJAna, manaHparyavajJAna, prajJA zramaNa kI Rddhi aura mokSa prApta hotA hai| ____6. mRdaGgamadhya vrata - isa tapa yantra meM do se lekara pA~ca taka aura cAra se lekara do taka bindue~ rakhate haiN| isameM jitanI bindue~ haiM utane upavAsa aura jitane sthAna haiM utane pAraNe jAnane caahie| inakA krama yaha hai - do upavAsa pAraNA, tIna upavAsa pAraNA, cAra upavAsa pAraNA, pA~ca upavAsa pAraNA, cAra

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182...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka upavAsa pAraNA, tIna upavAsa pAraNA aura do upavAsa paarnnaa| isa prakAra isa vrata meM teIsa upavAsa aura sAta pAraNe hote haiM tathA yaha vrata tIsa dina meM samApta hotA hai| isa tapa ke karane se kSIra srAvitva, akSINa mahAnasa Adi RddhiyA~, avadhijJAna aura anta meM mokSa prApta hotA hai| ___7. murajamadhya vrata - isa tapa yantra meM pA~ca se lekara do taka, do se lekara pA~ca taka bindae~ hotI haiN| isameM jitanI bindae~ hoM utane upavAsa aura jitane sthAna hoM utane pAraNe samajhane caahie| inakA krama yaha hai- pA~ca upavAsa pAraNA, cAra upavAsa pAraNA, tIna upavAsa pAraNA, do upavAsa pAraNA, do upavAsa pAraNA, tIna upavAsa pAraNA, cAra upavAsa pAraNA aura pA~ca upavAsa paarnnaa| isa prakAra isameM aTThAIsa upavAsa aura ATha pAraNe kula chattIsa dina meM yaha vrata samApta hotA hai| isakA phala mRdaGgamadhyavidhi ke samAna hai| 8. ekAvalI vrata - isameM eka upavAsa tathA eka pAraNe ke krama se caubIsa upavAsa aura caubIsa pAraNe hote haiN| yaha vrata ar3atAlIsa dina meM samApta hotA hai tathA isase akhaNDa sukha kI prApti hotI hai| 9. dvikAvalI vrata - isameM ar3atAlIsa belA aura ar3atAlIsa pAraNe hone se ise dvikAvalI tapa kahate haiN| yaha vrata chayAnave dina meM pUrNa hotA hai| isake phala se ubhaya loka meM sukha prApti hotI hai| ___10. muktAvalI vrata - isa tapa yantra meM eka se lekara pA~ca taka aura cAra se lekara eka taka bindu hote haiN| yaha motiyoM kI mAlA ke samAna prasiddha hai| isameM jitanI bindu haiM utane upavAsa aura jitane sthAna haiM utane pAraNe hote haiN| isa prakAra isa vrata meM paccIsa upavAsa aura nau pAraNe cauMtIsa dina meM pUrNa hote haiN| unakA krama yaha hai - eka upavAsa pAraNA, do upavAsa pAraNA, tIna upavAsa pAraNA, cAra upavAsa pAraNA, pA~ca upavAsa pAraNA, cAra upavAsa pAraNA, tIna upavAsa pAraNA, do upavAsa pAraNA aura eka upavAsa paarnnaa| isa vrata ke karate hI manuSya samasta logoM kA alaMkAra svarUpa zreSTha ho jAtA hai aura anta meM siddhAlaya prApti svarUpa Atyantika phala kI prApti hotI hai| 11. ratnAvalI vrata - jisa tapa yantra meM eka se lekara pA~ca taka aura pA~ca se lekara eka taka bindue~ hoM vaha ratnAvalI vrata hai| isake phala se ratnAvalI ke samAna aneka guNoM kI prApti hotI hai| isameM jitanI bindue~ hoM utane upavAsa

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jaina dharma kI zvetAmbara evaM digambara paramparA meM pracalita tapa-vidhiyA~...183 aura jitane sthAna hoM utane pAraNe jAnane caahie| unakA krama yaha hai - eka upavAsa pAraNA, do upavAsa pAraNA, tIna upavAsa pAraNA, cAra upavAsa pAraNA, pA~ca upavAsa pAraNA, pA~ca upavAsa pAraNA, cAra upavAsa pAraNA, tIna upavAsa pAraNA, do upavAsa pAraNA aura eka upavAsa paarnnaa| isa prakAra isameM tIsa upavAsa aura dasa pAraNe hote haiN| yaha vrata cAlIsa dina meM pUrNa hotA hai| ____12. ratnamuktAvalI vrata - isa vrata kA yantra banAte samaya eka aisA prastAra banAyeM jisameM eka-eka kA antara dete hue eka se lekara pandraha taka ke aMka likha skeN| usake Age eka-eka kA antara dekara solaha likheM aura usake Age eka-eka kA antara dete hue eka-eka kama kara anta meM eka A jAye vahA~ taka likheN| isameM prArambha meM prathama aMka se dUsarA aMka likhate samaya bIca meM aura anta meM do se prathama aMka likhate samaya bIca meM panarukta hone ke kAraNa eka kA antara nahIM deN| isa vrata meM saba aMkoM kA jor3a karane para do sau caurAsI upavAsa aura unasaTha pAraNoM meM tIna sau dina lagate haiN| isakA phala ratnatraya kI prApti hai| isa tapa meM eka upavAsa pAraNA, do upavAsa pAraNA, eka upavAsa pAraNA Adi hotA hai| ___13. kanakAvalI vrata - isa vrata yantra meM eka kA aMka, do kA aMka, nau bAra tIna kA aMka, phira eka se lekara solaha taka ke aMka, phira cauMtIsa bAra tIna ke aMka, solaha se lekara eka taka ke aMka, nau bAra tIna ke aMka tathA do aura eka kA aMka likhA jAtA hai| isa krama se cAra sau cauMtIsa upavAsa aura cAra sau aTThAsI pAraNe karanA kanakAvalI vrata hai| isa vrata meM kula eka varSa, pA~ca mAsa aura bAraha dina lagate haiN| isa vrata ke phala se laukAntika deva pada kI prApti athavA mokSa prApta hotA hai| isa tapa meM eka upavAsa pAraNA, do upavAsa pAraNA, tIna upavAsa pAraNA Adi hotA hai| 14. dvitIya ratnAvalI vrata - isa vrata yantra meM ratnoM ke hAra ke samAna eka prastAra banAkara bAyIM ora pahale belA sUcaka do binduoM kA eka dvika likheM, phira do belAoM ke sUcaka do dvika likheM, phira tIna belAoM ke sUcaka tIna dvika likheM, phira cAra belAoM ke sUcaka cAra dvika likheN| isake Age eka upavAsa kA sUcaka eka bindu likheN| usake bAda do upavAsoM kI sUcaka do bindue~ barAbara likheN| tadanantara isake Age isI prakAra tIna Adi upavAsoM ke

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184...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka sUcaka solaha taka bindue~ rkheN| phira bAyIM ora se dAhinI ora golAkAra bar3hAte hue battIsa belAoM ke battIsa dvika likheM aura unake nIce cAra belAoM ke sUcaka cAra dvika likheN| tIsa dvika ke Upara solaha Adi upavAsoM ke sUcaka solaha se lekara eka taka barAbarI meM solaha pandraha Adi bindue~ kareM aura usake Age ATha belAoM ke sUcaka ATha dvika, tIna belAoM ke sUcaka tIna dvika, do belAoM kI sUcaka do dvika tathA eka belA kA sUcaka eka dvika likheN| isa vrata meM chappana dvika ke dviguNita eka sau bAraha tathA donoM ora kI SoDaziyoM ke do sau bahattara isa prakAra saba milAkara tIna sau caurAsI upavAsa aura aTThAsI sthAnoM ke aTThAsI pAraNe hote haiN| yaha vrata eka varSa tIna mAha aura bAIsa dina meM pUrA hotA hai| isa vrata ke phalasvarUpa ratnatraya meM nirmalatA AtI hai| isakI vidhi isa prakAra hai eka belA eka pAraNA, eka belA eka pAraNA isa krama se daza belA daza pAraNA, phira eka upavAsa eka pAraNA, do upavAsa eka pAraNA, tIna upavAsa eka pAraNA, cAra upavAsa eka paarnnaa| isa krama se solaha upavAsa taka bar3hAnA caahie| phira eka belA eka pAraNA isa krama se tIsa belA tIsa pAraNA, phira SoDazI ke solaha upavAsa eka pAraNA, pandraha upavAsa eka pAraNA, isa krama se eka upavAsa eka pAraNA taka AnA caahie| phira eka belA eka upavAsa ke krama se bAraha belA aura bAraha pAraNe ke pazcAta nIce ke cAra bele aura cAra pAraNe karane caahie| 15. siMhaniSkrIDita vrata - siMhaniSkrIDita vrata jaghanya, madhyama aura utkRSTa ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA hai| unameM jaghanya siMhaniSkrIDita vrata kA krama isa prakAra hai- eka aisA prastAra banAyeM jisameM eka se lekara pA~ca taka ke aMka do bAra A jAyeM tathA ve pahale ke aMkoM meM do-do aMkoM kI sahAyatA se ekaeka bar3hatA aura ghaTatA jAye isa rIti se likhe puna: pA~ca se lekara eka taka ke aMka bhI do-do bAra pUrvokta krama se likheN| samasta aMkoM kA jor3a karane para jitanI saMkhyA ho utane upavAsa aura jitane sthAna hoM utane pAraNe jAnane caahie| isameM pahale eka upavAsa eka pAraNA aura do upavAsa eka pAraNA karanA caahie| phira do meM se eka upavAsa kA aMka ghaTa jAne se eka upavAsa eka

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jaina dharma kI zvetAmbara evaM digambara paramparA meM pracalita tapa-vidhiyA~...185 pAraNA, do meM eka upavAsa kA aMka bar3ha jAne se tIna upavAsa eka pAraNA, tIna meM eka upavAsa kA aMka ghaTa jAne se do upavAsa eka pAraNA, tIna meM eka upavAsa kA aMka bar3ha jAne se cAra upavAsa eka pAraNA, cAra meM se eka upavAsa kA aMka ghaTa jAne se tIna upavAsa eka pAraNA, cAra meM eka upavAsa kA aMka bar3ha jAne se pA~ca upavAsa eka pAraNA, pA~ca meM se eka upavAsa kA aMka kama kara dene para cAra upavAsa eka pAraNA cAra meM eka upavAsa kA aMka bar3hA dene para pA~ca upavAsa eka pAraNA hotA haiN| yahA~ para anta meM pA~ca kA aMka A jAne se pUrvArddha samApta ho jAtA hai| Age ulTI saMkhyA se pahale pA~ca upavAsa eka pAraNA karanA caahie| pazcAta pA~ca meM se eka upavAsa kA aMka kama kara dene para cAra upavAsa eka pAraNA, cAra meM eka upavAsa kA aMka bar3hA dene para pA~ca upavAsa eka pAraNA, cAra meM se eka upavAsa kA aMka ghaTA dene para tIna upavAsa eka pAraNA, tIna meM eka upavAsa kA aMka bar3hA dene para cAra upavAsa eka pAraNA, tIna meM se eka upavAsa kA aMka ghaTA dene para do upavAsa eka pAraNA do meM eka upavAsa kA aMka bar3hA dene se tIna upavAsa eka pAraNA, do meM se eka upavAsa kA aMka ghaTA dene para eka upavAsa eka pAraNA, phira do upavAsa eka pAraNA aura eka upavAsa eka pAraNA karanA caahie| isa jaghanya siMhaniSkrIDita vrata meM samasta aMkoM kA jor3a sATha hotA hai isalie sATha upavAsa hote haiM aura sthAna bIsa haiM isalie pAraNe bIsa hote haiN| yaha vrata assI dina meM pUrNa hotA hai| madhyama siMhaniSkrIDita vrata - madhyama siMhaniSkrIDita vrata meM eka se lekara ATha aMka taka kA prastAra banAnA cAhie aura usake zikhara para nau aMka likhanA caahie| usake bAda ulTe krama se eka taka ke aMka likhanA caahie| yahA~ bhI jaghanya niSkrIDita ke samAna do-do aMkoM kI apekSA eka-eka upavAsa kA aMka ghaTAnA caahie| isa rIti se likhe hue samasta aMkoM kA jitanA jor3a ho utane upavAsa aura jitane sthAna hoM utanI pAraNe samajhane caahie| isa taraha isa vrata meM eka sau trepana upavAsa aura taiMtIsa pAraNe hote haiN| yaha vrata eka sau chayAsI dina meM pUrNa hotA hai| utkRSTa siMhaniSkrIDita vrata - utkRSTa siMhaniSkrIDita vrata meM eka se lekara pandraha taka ke aMkoM kA prastAra banAnA cAhie aura usake zikhara meM solaha kA aMka likhanA caahie| usake bAda ulTe krama se eka taka ke aMka

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186...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka likhanA caahie| yahA~ para bhI jaghanya aura madhyama siMhaniSkrIDita ke samAna dodo aMkoM kI apekSA eka-eka upavAsa kA aMka ghaTAnA-bar3hAnA caahie| isa rIti se likhe hue samasta aMkoM kA jitanA jor3a ho utane upavAsa aura jitane sthAna hoM utane pAraNe jAnane caahie| isa taraha isa vrata meM cAra sau chiyAnave upavAsa aura ikasaTha pAraNe hote haiN| yaha vrata pA~ca sau sattAvana dina meM pUrNa hotA hai| saMkSepa meM jaghanya siMhaniSkrIDita vrata meM eka se lekara pA~ca taka ke aMka do-do kI saMkhyA meM likheM aura usake bAda ulaTe krama se pA~ca se eka taka ke aMka do-do kI saMkhyA meM likheN| donoM ora ke saba aMkoM kA jor3a kara dene para sATha upavAsa aura bIsa pAraNe hote haiN| madhyama siMhaniSkrIDita vrata meM eka se lekara ATha taka ke aMka do-do kI saMkhyA meM likheM aura unake Upara zikhara sthAna para nau kA aMka likhe phira ulTe krama se eka taka ke aMka do-do kI saMkhyA meM likheN| saba aMkoM kA jor3a karane para eka sau trepana upavAsa aura taiMtIsa pAraNe Ate haiN| utkRSTa siMhaniSkrIDita vrata meM eka se lekara pandraha taka ke aMka do-do kI saMkhyA meM likheM aura usake Upara zikhara sthAna para solaha kA aMka likheN| phira ulTe krama se eka taka ke aMka do-do kI saMkhyA meM likhe saba aMkoM kA jor3a karane para cAra sau chiyAnave upavAsa aura ikasaTha pAraNe hote haiN| siMhaniSkrIDita vrata meM kalpanA yaha hai ki jisa prakAra siMha kisI parvata para krama-krama se car3hatA huA usake zikhara para pahu~catA hai aura bAda meM krama-krama se nIce utaratA hai usI prakAra munirAja krama-krama se upavAsa karate hue tapa rUpI parvata ke zikhara para car3hate haiM aura usake bAda krama-krama se nIce utarate haiN| isa vrata ke phalasvarUpa manuSya vajraRSabhanArAca saMhanana kA dhAraka, ananta vIrya se sampanna, siMha ke samAna nirbhaya aura aNimA Adi guNoM se yukta hotA huA zIghra hI siddha ho jAtA hai| * 16. nandIzvara vrata - nandIzvara dvIpa kI eka-eka dizA meM cAra-cAra dadhimukha haiM isalie pratyeka dadhimukha ko lakSyakara mana kI malinatA dUra karate hue cAra upavAsa karanA caahie| eka-eka dizA meM ATha-ATha ratikara haiM isalie pratyeka ratikara ko lakSya kara ATha upavAsa karanA caahie| eka-eka dizA meM eka-eka aMjanagiri hai isalie use lakSya kara eka belA karanA caahie|

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jaina dharma kI zvetAmbara evaM digambara paramparA meM pracalita tapa-vidhiyA~...187 isa prakAra eka dizA ke bAraha upavAsa, eka belA aura teraha pAraNe hote haiN|yh pUrva dizA se prArambha kara dakSiNa, pazcima aura uttara dizA ke krama se cAroM dizAoM meM karanA caahie| isameM ar3atAlIsa upavAsa, cAra belA aura bAvana pAraNe haiN| isa taraha yaha vrata eka sau ATha dina meM pUrNa hotA hai| yaha nandIzvara vrata cakravartI pada ko prApta karavAtA hai| 17. merupaMkti vrata - jambUdvIpa kA eka, dhAtakIkhaNDa pUrva dizA kA eka, dhAtakIkhaNDa pazcima dizA kA eka, puSkarArdha pUrva dizA kA eka aura puSkarArdha pazcima dizA kA eka isa prakAra kula pA~ca meruparvata haiN| pratyeka meruparvata para bhadrazAla, nandana, saumanasa aura pANDuka ye cAra vana haiM aura eka-eka vana meM cAra-cAra caityAlaya haiN| merupaMkti vrata meM vanoM ko lakSya kara belA aura caityAlayoM ko lakSya kara upavAsa karate haiN| isa prakAra isa vrata meM pA~coM meru sambandhI assI caityAlayoM ke assI upavAsa aura bIsa vana sambandhI bIsa belA karate haiM tathA sau sthAnoM ke sau pAraNe hote haiN| isameM do sau bIsa dina lagate haiN| yaha vrata jambUdvIpa ke meru se zurU hotA hai| isameM prathama bhadrazAla vana ke cAra caityAlayoM ke cAra upavAsa, cAra pAraNe aura tatsambandhI eka belA, eka pAraNA hotA hai| phira nandana vana ke cAra caityAlayoM ke cAra upavAsa, cAra pAraNe aura vana sambandhI eka belA eka pAraNA hotA hai| phira saumanasa vana ke cAra caityAlayoM ke cAra upavAsa cAra pAraNe aura vana sambandhI eka belA eka pAraNA hotA hai| tadanantara pANDuka vana ke cAra caityAlayoM ke cAra upavAsa cAra pAraNe aura vana sambandhI eka belA eka pAraNA hotA hai| isI krama se dhAtakI khaNDa dvIpa ke pUrva aura pazcima meru tathA puSkarArdha dvIpa ke pUrva aura pazcima meru sambandhI upavAsa belA aura pAraNe jAnane caahie| isa vrata kA pAlana karane vAlA puruSa tIrthaGkara hotA hai| vimAnapaMkti vrata - indraka, zreNIbaddha aura prakIrNaka ke bheda se vimAna tIna prakAra ke haiN| indraka vimAna bIca meM hai aura zreNIbaddha vimAna cAroM dizAoM meM zreNI rUpa meM sthita haiN| Rta vimAna ko Adi lekara indraka vimAnoM kI saMkhyA tirasaTha hai| vimAnapaMkti vrata meM indraka kI cAroM dizAoM meM zreNIbaddha vimAnoM kI apekSA cAra upavAsa, cAra pAraNe aura indraka kI apekSA eka belA eka pAraNA hotA hai| isa taraha tirasaTha indraka vimAnoM kI cAra-cAra zreNiyoM kI apekSA cAra

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188...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka cAra upavAsa hone se ye do sau bAvana upavAsa tathA tirasaTha indraka sambandhI tirasaTha belA hote haiN| tirasaTha belA ke bAda eka telA hotA hai isa prakAra 252 upavAsa 63 belA aura 1 telA saba milAkara tIna sau solaha sthAna hote haiM, ata: itane hI pAraNe hote haiN| yaha vrata pUrva, dakSiNa, pazcima aura uttara dizA ke krama se hotA hai| cAroM dizAoM ke cAra upavAsa ke bAda belA hotA hai| isameM kula chaha sau sattAnave dina lagate haiN| isa vrata ko karane vAlA manuSya vimAnoM kA svAmI hotA hai| 18. zAtakumbha vrata - zAtakumbha vrata jaghanya, madhyama aura utkRSTa ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA hai| unameM jaghanya zAtakumbha vrata isa prakAra hai- eka aisA prastAra banAyeM jisameM eka se lekara pA~ca taka ke akSara pA~ca, cAra, tIna, do, eka ke krama se likheN| tadanantara prathama aMka arthAta pA~ca ko chor3akara avaziSTa aMkoM ko cAra, tIna, do, eka ke krama se tIna bAra likheN| saba aMkoM kA jitanA jor3a ho utane upavAsa aura jitane sthAna hoM utane pAraNe jaaneN| isa vrata meM paiMtAlIsa upavAsa aura sattara pAraNe hote haiM, aise yaha tapa bAsaTha dina meM pUrNa hotA hai| madhyama zAtakumbha vrata vidhi - eka aisA prastAra banAyeM jisameM eka se lekara nau paryanta taka ke aMka nau, ATha, sAta, chaha, pA~ca, cAra, tIna, do, eka ke krama se likheN| tadanantara prathama aMka arthAta nau ko chor3akara ATha-sAta Adi ke krama se avaziSTa aMkoM ko tIna bAra likheN| saba aMkoM kA jitanA jor3a ho utane upavAsa aura jitane sthAna hoM, utane pAraNe jaaneN| isa vrata meM eka sau tirapana upavAsa aura taiMtIsa pAraNe hote haiN| yaha vrata eka sau chayAsI dina meM pUrNa hotA hai| utkRSTa zAtakumbha vrata vidhi - eka aisA prastAra banAyeM jisameM eka se lekara solaha taka ke aMka solaha, pandraha, caudaha Adi ke krama se eka taka likheN| phira prathama aMka ko chor3akara avaziSTa aMkoM kA jitanA jor3a ho utane upavAsa aura jitane sthAna hoM utane pAraNe jaaneN| isa vrata meM cAra sau chayAnabe upavAsa aura ikasaTha pAraNe Ate haiN| yaha vidhi pA~ca sau sattAvana dina meM pUrNa hotI hai| 19. cAndrAyaNa vrata - cAndrAyaNa vrata candramA kI gati ke anusAra hotA hai| isa vrata ko karane vAlA amAvasyA ke dina upavAsa karatA hai, phira pratipadA

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jaina dharma kI zvetAmbara evaM digambara paramparA meM pracalita tapa - vidhiyA~... 1 ..189 ko eka kavala eka grAsa mAtra AhAra letA hai / tadanantara dvitIyAdi tithiyoM meM eka-eka grAsa bar3hAtA huA caturdazI ko caudaha kavala kA AhAra karatA hai / pUrNimA ke dina upavAsa karatA hai phira candramA kI kalAoM ke anusAra eka-eka kavala ghaTAtA huA caudaha, teraha, bAraha Adi kavaloM kA AhAra letA hai aura anta meM amAvasyA ko punaH upavAsa karatA hai| yaha vrata ikatIsa dina meM pUrNa hotA hai| isa vrata ke karane se yaza prApti hotI hai / 20. saptasaptamatapo vrata isameM pahale dina upavAsa aura usake bAda eka-eka grAsa bar3hAte hue AThaveM dina sAta mAsa kA AhAra liyA jAtA hai, phira eka-eka grAsa ghaTAte hue antima dina upavAsa kiyA jAtA hai| isI prakAra sAta bAra kiyA jAtA hai / - . 21. aSTaaSTama, navanavamAdi vrata saptasaptama vidhi ke anusAra aSTa aSTama, nava navama, daza dazama, ekAdaza ekAdaza aura dvAdaza dvAdaza Adi se lekara dvAtriMzad - dvAtriMzad taka kI vidhi bhI isI prakAra jAnanA caahie| jisa saMkhyA kI vidhi prArambha kI jAye usameM prathama dina upavAsa kara eka-eka grAsa bar3hAte hue utane grAsa taka AhAra lenA cAhie / phira eka-eka grAsa ghaTAte hue eka grAsa taka Aye aura antima dina kA upavAsa rkheN| manuSya kA svAbhAvika bhojana battIsa grAsa batalAyA hai, ataH yaha vrata bhI battIsa grAsa taka hI sImita rakhA gayA hai| sapta-saptama vidhi kA eka dUsarA krama yaha bhI hai ki pahale dina upavAsa na kara krama se eka, do, tIna, cAra, pA~ca, chaha aura sAta kavala kA AhAra leM tathA jaba eka daura pUrNa ho jAye to yahI krama phira se kreN| isa taraha sAta bAra isa krama ke kara cukane para yaha vrata pUrNa hotA hai| aSTa- aSTama Adi vidhiyoM meM bhI yahI krama jAnanA caahie| inameM kramazaH eka upavAsa se prArambha kara eka-eka grAsa bar3hAte jAnA caahie| - 22. AcAmla vardhamAna vrata AcAmla vardhamAna vidhi meM pahale dina upavAsa karanA cAhie, dUsare dina eka bera barAbara bhojana kareM, tIsare dina do bera barAbara, cauthe dina tIna bera barAbara isa taraha eka-eka bera barAbara bar3hAte hue gyArahaveM dina dasa bera barAbara bhojana karanA cAhie / phira daza kI saMkhyA Adi se lekara eka-eka bera barAbara ghaTAte hue dasaveM dina eka bera barAbara bhojana karanA cAhie aura anta meM eka upavAsa karanA cAhie / isa vrata ke pUrvArdha ke -

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190...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka dasa dinoM meM nirvikRti-nIrasa bhojana lenA cAhie aura uttarArddha ke dasa dinoM meM ekalaThANA ke sAtha arthAta bhojana ke lie baiThane para pahalI bAra jo bhojana parosA jAya use grahaNa karanA caahie| donoM hI arthoM meM bhojana kA parimANa Upara likhe anusAra hI samajhanA caahie| 23. zruta vrata - zruta vrata meM matijJAna ke aTThAIsa, gyAraha aMkoM ke gyAraha, parikarma ke do, sUtra ke aThAsI, prathamAnuyoga aura kevalajJAna ke ekaeka, caudaha pUrvo ke caudaha, avadhijJAna ke chaha, cUlikA ke pA~ca aura manaHparyava jJAna ke do isa prakAra eka sau aTThAvana upavAsa hote haiN| eka-eka upavAsa ke bAda eka-eka pAraNA hotA hai| isalie yaha vrata tIna sau solaha dinoM meM pUrNa hotA hai| ___24. darzanazuddhi vrata - isa tapa meM aupazamika, kSAyopazamika aura kSAyika ina tIna samyagdarzanoM ke niHzaGkita Adi ATha-ATha aMkoM kI apekSA caubIsa upavAsa ekAntara se hote haiN| isa taraha yaha vrata ar3atAlIsa dina meM samApta hotA hai| ____ 25. tapaHzuddhi vrata - bAhya aura Abhyantara kI apekSA tapa ke do bheda haiN| unameM bAhya tapa ke anazana, UnodarI, vRttiparisaMkhyAna, rasaparityAga, viviktazayyAsana aura kAyakleza ye chaha bheda haiM aura Abhyantara tapa ke prAyazcitta, vinaya, vaiyAvRttya, svAdhyAya, vyutsarga aura kAyotsarga ye chaha bheda haiN| inameM anazanAdi bAhya tapoM ke krama se do, eka, eka, pA~ca, eka aura eka isa prakAra gyAraha upavAsa hote haiM aura prAyazcitta Adi chaha antaraGga tapoM ke krama se unnIsa, tIsa, daza, pA~ca, do aura eka isa prakAra sar3asaTha upavAsa hote haiN| donoM ke milAkara aThahattara upavAsa ekAntara pAraNA se hote haiN| 26. cAritrazuddhi vrata - pA~ca mahAvrata, tIna gupti, pA~ca samiti ke bheda se cAritra ke teraha bheda haiN| cAritrazuddhi vrata meM ina sabakI zuddhi ke lie pRthakpRthak upavAsa hote haiN| prathama ahiMsA mahAvrata ke sambandha meM 1 bAdara ekendriyaparyAptaka, 2 bAdara ekendriya aparyAptaka, 3 sUkSma ekendriya paryAptaka, 4 sUkSma ekendriya aparyAptaka, 5 dvIndriya paryAptaka, 6 dvIndriya aparyAptaka, 7 trIndriya paryAptaka, 8 trIndriya aparyAptaka, 9 caturindriya paryAptaka, 10 caturindriya aparyAptaka, 11 saMjJI paMcendriya paryAptaka, 12 saMjJI paMcendriya

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jaina dharma kI zvetAmbara evaM digambara paramparA meM pracalita tapa - vidhiyA~... 191 aparyAptaka, 13 asaMjJI paMcendriya paryAptaka aura 14 asaMjJI paMcendriya aparyAptaka- ina caudaha prakAra ke jIvasthAnoM kI hiMsA kA tyAga mana-vacana kAya yoga tathA kRta, kArita, anumodanA ina nau koTiyoM se karanA caahie| isa abhiprAya ko lekara prathama ahiMsA vrata ke eka sau chabbIsa upavAsa ekAntara pAraNA se hote haiN| dUsare satya mahAvrata ke sambandha meM 1 bhaya, 2 IrSyA, 3 svapakSa puSTi, 4 paizunya, 5 krodha, 6 lobha, 7 Atma prazaMsA aura 8 paranindA - ina ATha nimittoM se bole jAne vAle asatya kA pUrvokta nau koTiyoM se tyAga karanA caahie| isa abhiprAya se dvitIya satya mahAvrata ke bahattara upavAsa ekAntara pAraNe se kiye jAte haiN| tIsare acaurya mahAvrata ke sambandha meM 1 grAma, 2 araNya, 3 khalihAna, 4 ekAnta, 5 anyatra, 6 upadhi, 7 abhuktaka aura 8 pRSTha grahaNa ina ATha bhedoM se hone vAlI corI kA pUrvokta nau koTiyoM se tyAga karanA caahie| isa abhiprAya se tRtIya acaurya mahAvrata meM bahattara upavAsa ekAntara pAraNe se hote haiN| cauthe brahmacarya mahAvrata ke sambandha meM manuSya, deva, acitta aura tiryaJca ina cAra prakAra ke striyoM kA - sparzana Adi pA~ca indriyoM aura tadanantara pUrvokta nau koTiyoM se tyAga karanA caahie| isa abhiprAya se 5x4 = 20 x 9 = 180 eka sau assI upavAsa ekAntara pAraNe se hote haiN| pAMcaveM parigraha mahAvrata ke sambandha meM cAra kaSAya, nau nokaSAya aura eka mithyAtva - ina caudaha prakAra ke antaraGga aura dopAye, (dAsI - dAsa Adi) caupAye, (hAthI ghor3A Adi) kheta, anAja, vastra, bartana, suvarNAdi dhana, yAna (savArI), zayana aura Asana ina dasa prakAra ke bAhya aise donoM milAkara caubIsa prakAra ke parigraha kA nau koTiyoM se tyAga karanA caahie| isa abhiprAya se parigraha tyAga mahAvrata meM do sau solaha upavAsa hote haiN| - - chaThavA~ rAtribhojana tyAga mahAvrata yadyapi teraha prakAra ke cAritroM meM parigaNita nahIM hai tathApi gRhastha ke sambandha se muniyoM para bhI asara A sakatA hai arthAta gRhastha dvArA rAtri meM banAI huI vastu ko muni jAna-bUjhakara grahaNa kare to unheM rAtribhojana kA doSa laga sakatA hai| isa prakAra ke rAtribhojana kA nau koTiyoM se tyAga karanA caahie| rAtribhojana tyAga vrata meM dasa upavAsa ekAntara se hote haiN|

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192... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka manogupti, vacanagupti aura kAyagupti- ina tIna guptiyoM tathA IryA, AdAna, nikSepaNa aura pratiSThApana samiti- ina tIna samitiyoM meM pratyeka ke nau koTiyoM kI apekSA nau-nau upavAsa aise kula tIna guptiyoM ke sattAIsa upavAsa ekAntara pAraNe se hote haiN| isI taraha tIna samitiyoM ke bhI sattAIsa upavAsa ekAntara jAnanA caahie| bhASA samiti meM 1. bhAva satya, 2. upamA satya, 3. vyavahAra satya, 4. pratIta satya, 5. sambhAvanA satya, 6. janapada satya, 7. saMvRtti satya, 8. nAma satya, 9. sthApanA satya aura 10. rUpa satya- ina dasa prakAra ke satya vacanoM kA nau koTiyoM se pAlana karanA hotA hai / isa abhiprAya se bhASA samiti meM nabbe upavAsa ekAntara pAraNe se hote haiN| eSaNA samiti meM nau koTiyoM se lagane vAle chiyAlIsa doSoM ko naSTa karane ke lie cAra sau caudaha upavAsa ekAntara se hote haiN| isa prakAra teraha prakAra ke cAritra ko zuddha rakhane ke lie cAritra zuddhi vrata meM saba milAkara eka hajAra do sau cauMtIsa upavAsa chaha varSa, daza mAha, ATha dina meM pUre hote haiM / 27. eka kalyANa tapa pahale dina nIrasa AhAra lenA, dUsare dinadina ke pichale bhAga meM ardha AhAra lenA, tIsare dina ekasthAna - bhojana ke lie baiThane para eka bAra jo bhojana sAmane Aye use hI grahaNa karanA, cauthe dina upavAsa karanA aura pA~caveM dina AcAmla - imalI ke sAtha kevala bhAta grahaNa karanA, eka kalyANaka vrata hai| - 28. paMca kalyANa tapa jo vidhi eka kalyANa vrata meM kahI gayI hai use samatA, vandanA Adi Avazyaka kArya karate hue pA~ca bAra karanA paMcakalyANaka tapa hai| yaha paMca kalyANaka vrata caubIsa tIrthaGkaroM ko lakSya karake kiyA jAtA hai| 29. zIla kalyANaka tapa caturtha brahmacarya mahAvrata meM jo eka sau assI upavAsa batalAye haiM unameM upavAsa kara lene para zIla kalyANaka vrata pUrNa hotA hai| isa vrata meM 360 dina lagate haiN| - - - 30. bhAvanA vrata ahiMsAdi mahAvratoM meM pratyeka vrata kI pA~ca-pA~ca bhAvanAe~ haiN| ekatrita karane para pA~ca vratoM kI paccIsa bhAvanAe~ hotI haiN| unheM lakSya kara paccIsa upavAsa ekAntara pAraNe se karanA bhAvanA nAma kA vrata hai| yaha pacAsa dina meM pUrNa hotA hai|

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jaina dharma kI zvetAmbara evaM digambara paramparA meM pracalita tapa-vidhiyA~...193 31. paMcaviMzati kalyANa bhAvanA vrata - paccIsa kalyANa bhAvanAe~ haiM, unheM lakSya kara isa vrata meM paccIsa upavAsa ekAntara se kiye jAte haiN| 1. samyaktva bhAvanA, 2. vinaya bhAvanA, 3.jJAna bhAvanA, 4. zIla bhAvanA, 5. satya bhAvanA, 6. zruta bhAvanA, 7. samiti bhAvanA, 8. ekAnta bhAvanA, 9. gupti bhAvanA, 10. dhyAna bhAvanA, 11. zukla dhyAna bhAvanA, 12. saMkleza nirodha bhAvanA, 13. icchA nirodha bhAvanA, 14. saMvara bhAvanA, 15. prazastayoga, 16. saMvega bhAvanA, 17. karuNA bhAvanA, 18. udvega bhAvanA, 19. bhoganirveda bhAvanA, 20. saMsAranirveda bhAvanA, 21. bhukti vairAgya bhAvanA, 22. mokSabhAvanA, 23. maitrI bhAvanA, 24. upekSA bhAvanA aura 25. pramodabhAvanA, ye paccIsa kalyANa bhAvanAe~ haiN| 32. duHkhaharaNa vrata - duHkhaharaNa vrata meM sarvaprathama sAta bhUmiyoM kI jaghanya aura utkRSTa Ayu kI apekSA caudaha upavAsa karanA caahie| tadanantara tiryaJcagati ke paryAptaka aura aparyAptaka jIvoM kI dvividha Ayu kI apekSA cAra upavAsa karanA caahie| usake bAda manuSyagati ke paryAptaka aura aparyAptaka jIvoM kI dvividha Ayu kI apekSA cAra upavAsa karanA caahie| phira devagati meM aizAna svarga taka ke do, usake Age acyuta svarga taka ke bAIsa, phira nau graiveyakoM ke aThAraha, nau anudizoM ke do aura paMcAnuttara vimAnoM ke do isa prakAra saba milAkara ar3asaTha upavAsa karanA caahie| isa vrata meM do upavAsa ke bAda eka pAraNA hotA hai| isa taraha ar3asaTha upavAsa aura cauMtIsa pAraNe donoM ko milAkara yaha vidhi eka sau do dina meM pUrNa hotI hai| isa vidhi ke karane se saba duHkha dUra ho jAte haiN| 33. karmakSaya vrata - karmakSaya tapa meM nAma karma kI tirAnabe prakRtiyoM se lekara samasta karmoM kI jo eka sau ar3atAlIsa uttara prakRtiyA~ haiM unheM lakSya kara eka sau ar3atAlIsa upavAsa ekAntara se karanA caahie| isa prakAra do sau chiyAnabe dina meM yaha vrata pUrNa hotA hai| isa vrata ke prabhAva se karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai| ___34. jinendraguNasampatti vrata - isa tapa meM pA~ca kalyANakoM ke pA~ca, cautIsa atizayoM ke cautIsa, ATha prAtihAryoM ke ATha aura solaha kAraNa bhAvanAoM ke solaha isa prakAra tresaTha upavAsa ekAntara pAraNe se kiye jAte haiN|

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194...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka yaha vrata eka sau chabbIsa dina meM pUrNa hotA hai| isa vrata ke prabhAva se jinendra bhagavAna ke guNoM kI prApti hotI hai| 35. divyalakSaNa paMkti vrata - battIsa vyaJjana, cauMsaTha kalA aura eka sau ATha lakSaNa isa prakAra do sau cAra lakSaNoM kI apekSA isameM se do sau cAra upavAsa ekAntara se kiye jAte haiN| yaha tapa cAra sau ATha dina meM pUrNa hotA hai| isa vrata ke prabhAva se jIva atyanta mahAna hotA hai tathA isake atyanta zreSTha divya lakSaNoM kI paMkti prakaTa hotI hai| ____36. dharmacakra vrata - dharmacakra meM hajAra arAe~ hotI haiN| unameM pratyeka arA kI apekSA eka upavAsa liyA gayA hai, isalie isa vrata meM hajAra upavAsa ekAntara pAraNe se kiye jAte haiN| isa vrata ke Adi aura anta meM eka-eka belA karanA Avazyaka hai| yaha vrata do hajAra cAra dina meM samApta hotA hai aura isase dharmacakra kI prApti hotI hai| 37. parasparakalyANavrata vidhi - pA~ca kalyANakoM ke pA~ca upavAsa, ATha prAtihAryoM ke ATha aura cauMtIsa atizayoM ke cauMtIsa isa prakAra kula saiMtAlIsa upavAsa ko caubIsa bAra ginane para jitanI saMkhyA siddha ho utane upavAsa ekAntara se samajhanA caahie| isake prArambha meM eka belA aura anta meM eka telA karanA par3atA hai| yaha vrata do hajAra do sau chappana dina meM samApta hotA hai| ___ ukta vidhiyoM meM jahA~ upavAsa ke lie caturthaka zabda AyA hai vahA~ eka upavAsa, jahA~ SaSTha zabda AyA hai vahA~ do upavAsa aura jahA~ aSTama zabda AyA hai vahA~ tIna upavAsa samajhanA caahie| isI prakAra dasama Adi se lekara chaha mAsa paryanta ke upavAsoM kI saMkhyA jAnanI caahie| yadi jaina zruta sAhitya kA avalokana kareM to Agama granthoM se aba taka anekavidha tapoM kI carcA prApta hotI hai| kaI tapa vidhAna Aja bhI pracalita hai| carcita adhyAya digambara paramparA meM pracalita vividha tapoM kA varNana sAdhakoM ko tapa mArga para niraMtara evaM niyamita agrasara rakhe evaM unheM eka naI dizA pradAna kareM yahI sadecchA haiN|

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adhyAya-5 bhAratIya paramparAoM meM pracalita vratoM ( tapoM) kA sAmAnya svarUpa hindU dharma meM tapa ko 'vrata' kI saMjJA dI gaI hai| isa AdhAra para yahA~ vrata se tAtparya tapa vizeSa samajhanA caahie| isa paramparA meM adhikAMza vrata parva ke sAtha jur3e hue haiM, isalie vrata evaM parva donoM zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA jaayegaa| sAmAnyatayA vrata aura parva hamArI laukika tathA AdhyAtmika unnati ke sazakta sAdhana haiN| inase AnandollAsa pUrvaka udAtta jIvana jIne kI preraNA prApta hotI hai| vratAcaraNa se manuSya ko Adarza jIvana kI yogyatA prApta hotI hai| vratoM se antaHkaraNa kI zuddhi ke sAtha-sAtha bAhya vAtAvaraNa meM bhI pavitratA AtI hai aura saMkalpazakti dRr3ha hotI hai| bhautika dRSTi se svAsthya meM bhI lAbha hotA hai tathA kAyika, vAcika, mAnasika aura saMsarga janita sabhI prakAra ke pApa, upapApa aura mahApApa Adi bhI vratoM se hI dUra hote haiN| hindu paramparA meM vrata do prakAra se kiye jAte haiM - 1. nirAhAra rahakara (upavAsapUrvaka) aura 2. eka bAra saMyamita AhAra ke dvaaraa| isa paramparA meM mukhya rUpa se tIna prakAra ke vrata mAne gaye haiM - 1. nitya 2. naimittika aura 3. kaamy| 1. jo vrata bhagavAna kI prasannatA ke lie nirantara kartavya bhAva se bhakti pUrvaka kiye jAte haiM jaise- ekAdazI, pradoSa, pUrNimA Adi nityavrata kahe jAte haiN| 2. jo vrata kisI nimitta se kiye jAte haiM jaise- pApa kSaya ke nimitta cAndrAyaNa, prAjApatya Adi naimittika vrata kahalAte haiN| 3. kisI vizeSa kAmanAoM ko lekara jo vrata kiye jAte haiM jaisekanyAoM dvArA vara prApti ke lie kiye gaye gaurIvrata, vaTasAvitrI vrata Adi kAmyavrata kahalAte haiN| inake atirikta bhI vratoM ke eka bhukta, ayAcita, mitabhuka aura nakta vrata Adi kaI bheda haiN|

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196...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka anya paramparAoM kI tulanA meM sanAtana-paramparA kI yaha khAsiyata hai ki isameM pratyeka mAsa aura pratyeka vAra ke vrata kiye jAte haiN| yahA~ mahInoM kI apekSA se aneka prakAra ke vrata-vidhAna pracalita haiM jinakA sAmAnya varNana isa prakAra hai - caitra mAsa ke vrata 1. navarAtra - caitra, ASAr3ha, Azvina aura mAgha ke zukla pakSa kI ekama se navamI taka nau dina navarAtra kahalAte haiN| ina nau dinoM meM durgAdevI kI vizeSa ArAdhanA kI jAtI hai| 2. rAmanavamI - yaha vrata caitra mAsa ke zukla pakSa kI navamI tithi ko bhagavAna zrIrAma kI jayantI ke zubha avasara para kiyA jAtA hai| agastya saMhitA ke anusAra yaha vrata sabhI ke lie bhukti-mukti dAtA hai| 3. anaMga trayodazI - caitra mAsa ke zukla pakSa kI trayodazI anaMga trayodazI kahalAtI hai| isa dina vrata karane se dAmpatya prema meM vRddhi hotI hai tathA putrI-putrAdi kA akhaNDa sukha prApta hotA hai| ___4. hanumAna jayantI - caitra zuklA pUrNimA ko hanumAna kI ArAdhanA karate hue kiyA jAtA hai| ___5. saubhAgyazayana vrata - yaha vrata caitra mAsa zukla pakSIya tRtIyA ko karate haiN| isa dina bhagavAna zaMkara kA dakSaputrI sati ke saMga vivAha huA thA aura vaha putrI saubhAgya rasapAna ke aMza se utpanna huI thI, ata: tInoM lokoM meM saubhAgyarUpA mAnI gayI hai| isa vrata ke karane se uttama saubhAgya tathA bhagavAna zaMkara kI kRpA prApta hotI hai| 6. gaNagaura vrata - caitra vadi ekama se tIja taka ziva-pArvatI ke rUpa meM Izvara-gaurI kI pUjA karate haiN| isalie isakA nAma gaNagaura tIja vrata hai| yaha gaura pUjA saubhAgyavatI strioM evaM kanyAoM kA vizeSa tyauhAra hai jisameM ve zreSTha vara prApti kI prArthanA karatI haiN| isI taraha gaNeza damanaka caturthI, azokASTamI, kAmadA ekAdazI, zItalA saptamI Adi vrata kiye jAte haiN| vaizAkha mAsa ke vrata skandha purANa meM isa mahIne ko uttama mAsa kahA gayA hai| isa mahIne meM vrata pAlaka puruSa sarva pApoM se mukta hokara viSNuloka meM jAte haiN| 1. meSa saMkrAnti - jisa dina sUrya mIna rAzi se meSa rAzi meM saMkramaNa

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bhAratIya paramparAoM meM pracalita vratoM ( tapoM) kA sAmAnya svarUpa...197 karatA hai vaha dina meSa saMkrAnti kahalAtA hai| isa dina sUrya uttarAyaNa kI AdhI yAtrA pUrNa karatA hai| baMgAla meM yaha dina nUtana varSa ke rUpa meM manAyA jAtA hai| isa saMkrAnti meM tiloM dvArA pitaroM kA tarpaNa evaM madhusUdana bhagavAna kI pUjA vizeSa hotI hai| 2. akSaya tRtIyA vrata - yaha vrata vaizAkha mAsa ke zukla pakSa kI tRtIyA tithi ko kiyA jAtA hai| isa dina vratI upavAsa karatA hai, akSata-cAvala se vAsudeva kI pUjA, arcanA aura agni meM homa karatA hai tathA unakA dAna karatA hai| isa dina jo kucha bhI satkarma kiye jAte haiM ve sabhI akSaya puNyaphala dene vAle hote haiN| 3. nRsiMha caturdazI vrata - vaizAkha zuklA caturdazI ke dina bhagavAna viSNu bhakta prahlAda kA abhISTa siddha karane ke lie nRsiMha ke rUpa meM avatarita hue the tathA hiraNyakazyapa kA vadha kiyA thaa| yaha vrata abhISTa kAmanA kI pUrti hetu kiyA jAtA hai| isI bhA~ti isa mAha meM zItalASTamI, barUthanI ekAdazI, mohinI ekAdazI, vaizAkhI pUrNimA ityAdi vrata kiye jAte haiN| jyeSTha mAsa ke vrata ___ 1. vaTasAvitrI vrata - yaha vrata 'mahAsAvitrI vrata' ke nAma se bhI jAnA jAtA hai| sadhavA nAriyA~ jyeSTha kI amAvasyA ko apane pati aura putroM kI lambI Ayu evaM unake uttama svAsthya-lAbha ke lie aura vizeSakara ihaloka evaM paraloka meM vaidhavya se mukti ke lie isa vrata ko karatI haiN| 2. dazaharA vrata - yaha vrata jyeSTha mAsa ke zukla pakSa kI dasamI ko kiyA jAtA hai| yaha 'gaMgA dazaharA' ke nAma se bhI prasiddha hai| isI tithi ko pavitratama gaMgA hasta nakSatra meM svarga se avatarita huI thiiN| ataeva isa tithi ko gaMgA meM snAna karane se vyakti dasa pApoM se mukta ho jAtA hai| 3. nirjalA ekAdazI vrata - yaha vrata jyeSTha zuklA ekAdazI ke dina nirjala rahakara karate haiN| ise karane se Ayu va Arogya meM vRddhi tathA uttama loka kI prApti hotI hai| isI taraha acalA ekAdazI Adi vrata kiye jAte haiN| ASAr3ha mAsa ke vrata 1. cAturmAsya vrata - ASAr3ha zuklA ekAdazI, dvAdazI yA pUrNimA ko athavA jisa dina sUrya karka rAzi meM praviSTa hotA hai usa dina cAturmAsya vrata kA

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198... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka zubhArambha kiyA jAtA hai, jo kArtika zuklA dvAdazI ko samApta hotA hai| isa vrata avadhi meM vratI mAMsa, madhu Adi kA tyAga karatA hai aura saMyamaniyama pUrvaka eka sthAna para rahate hue sAtvika caryA dvArA jIvana vyatIta karatA hai| 2. gurupUrNimA vrata isa dina veda vyAsa kA janma huA thA, isalie ise vyAsa pUrNimA bhI kahate haiN| vyAsajI ne vedoM kA vibhAga kiyA, bhAgavata purANa, mahAbhArata purANa Adi kI racanAe~ kIM / isa vrata kI ArAdhanA dvArA guru ke prati kRtajJatA jJApita kI jAtI hai| yaha RSiyoM kI preraNA evaM AzIrvAda pAne kA pAvana dina mAnA jAtA hai| isI taraha isa mAha meM yoginI ekAdazI, zrIjagadIza rathayAtrA, devazayanI ekAdazI, kokilA Adi vrata kiye jAte haiM / - zrAvaNa mAsa ke vrata 1. maMgala gaurI vrata zrAvaNa mAsa meM pratyeka maMgalavAra ke dina yaha vrata gaurI ke pUjana pUrvaka pA~ca varSa paryanta karate haiN| yaha vrata karane se putra, pautra aura saubhAgya kI vRddhi hotI hai| 2. zrAvaNI somavAra vrata bhagavAna ziva ko zrAvaNa mAsa evaM somavAra priya hai ataH ina dinoM ziva kI vizeSa ArAdhanA kI jAtI hai| 3. kAjala tIja zrAvaNa zuklA tIja hariyAlI tIja ke nAma se bhI jAnI jAtI hai| isa dina rAjasthAna meM nava vivAhitA striyA~ pIhara jAtI haiM tathA kRSaka varga dhAna kA bIjAropaNa karate haiN| 4. nAga paMcamI zrAvaNa kI zuklA paMcamI nAgapaMcamI ke nAma se vizruta hai| isa dina nAga kI pratimUrti banAkara usakI pUjA karate haiM aura eka bAra bhojana karane kA niyama rakhate haiN| inake sivAya rakSAbandhana, putradA ekAdazI, kAmikA ekAdazI Adi vrata bhI karate haiN| - - - -- bhAdra mAsa ke vrata 1. bahulA caturthI yaha vrata bhAdra kRSNA caturthI ke dina putroM kI rakSA ke lie kiyA jAtA hai jaise- gAya mAtA kI bhA~ti dUdha pilAkara manuSya kI rakSA karatI hai vaise hI putravatI striyoM ko putra rakSaNArtha yaha vrata avazya karanA caahie|

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bhAratIya paramparAoM meM pracalita vratoM ( tapoM) kA sAmAnya svarUpa...199 2. kRSNa janmASTamI - bhAdra kRSNA aSTamI ke dina bhagavAna kRSNa kA janma huA thaa| usI ke nimitta isa dina upavAsa, jAgaraNa Adi satkarma kiye jAte haiN| 3. gogA navamI - bhAdra kRSNA navamI ke isa dina bAbA jAhaivIra gogAjI kI pUjA kI jAtI hai| 4. govatsa dvAdazI - bhAdra kRSNA bArasa ke dina gAya aura bachar3oM ke pUjana kA yaha tyauhAra hai| yaha vrata putra hone ke pazcAt bacce kI jIvana rakSA tathA use bhUta-pretAdi prakopa se bacAye rakhane hetu karate haiN| 5. gaNeza caturthI - bhAdra zuklA caturthI ke dina gaNeza jI kA janma huA thaa| gaNeza ko vighnaharaNa evaM maMgalakaraNa rUpai mAnA hai| isI ke sAtha inakA pUjana Rddhi-siddhi, vidyA-buddhi ke lie kiyA jAtA hai| inake atirikta isa mahIne meM kuzotpATanI amAvasyA, haratAlikA tIja, bUr3hI tIja, gUgA paMcamI, hala SaSThI, ajA ekAdazI, dubar3I sAtama, rAdhA janmASTamI, vAmana dvAdazI, ananta caturdazI, mahAlakSmI vrata, RSi paMcamI Adi kaI vrata kiye jAte haiN| Azvina mAsa ke vrata ___1. pitR pakSa - Azvina kRSNA pratipadA se amAvasyA taka pandraha dina pitR pakSa ke nAma se prasiddha hai| ina dinoM loga apane pitaroM ko jala dete haiM tathA unakI mRtyu tithi para zrAddha karate haiN| 2. jIvatputrikA vrata - Azvina kRSNA aSTamI ko putra kI dIrghAyu kAmanA, Arogya lAbha evaM sarvavidha kalyANa ke lie yaha vrata kiyA jAtA hai| 3. zAradIya navarAtra - Azvina zuklA pratipadA se navamI tithi taka navarAtra vrata kiyA jAtA hai| isa zAradIya navarAtra meM zakti kI upAsanA hotI hai| kucha loga eka bhukta to kucha sarvathA anna tyAga kara vrata karate haiN| __ isa mAha meM vijayAdazamI, kojAgara vrata (zarada pUrNimA), mAtRnavamI, AzA-bhagautI vrata, azoka vrata, durgASTamI, pApAMkuzA ekAdazI, padmanAbha dvAdazI, vArAha caturdazI Adi vratArAdhanAe~ bhI kI jAtI haiN|

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200...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka kArtika mAsa ke vrata ____ 1. karavA cautha - yaha vrata kArtika kRSNA caturthI ke dina akhaNDa saubhAgya kI prApti hetu vivAhita striyoM dvArA kiyA jAtA hai| isa dina striyA~ dina bhara ke vrata ke bAda yaha praNa letI haiM ki ve mana, vacana evaM karma se pati ke prati pUrNa samarpita raheMgI tathA candramA ko arghya arpita kara vrata pUrNa karatI haiN| 2. govatsa dvAdazI - kArtika kRSNA dvAdazI ke dina ekabhukta ke vrata pUrvaka gomAtA kA pUjana kiyA jAtA hai| 3. akSaya navamI - kArtika zuklA navamI akSaya navamI kahalAtI hai| isa dina pUjana, tarpaNa va anna Adi ke dAna se akSaya phala kI prApti hotI hai| 4. vaikuNTha caturdazI - kArtika zuklA caturdazI ke isa dina meM vrata rakhate hue bhagavAna viSNu evaM bhagavAna ziva kI pUjA kI jAtI hai| ina vratoM ke atirikta isa mahIne meM naraka caturdazI, rUpa caturdazI, sUrya SaSThI, A~valA navamI, devotthAna ekAdazI, bhISma paMcaka, vaikuNTha caturdazI, rambhA ekAdazI Adi vrata bhI kiye jAte haiN| mArgazIrSa mAsa ke vrata 1. kAla bhairavASTamI - bhagavAna ziva ke do rUpa haiN| isa dina upavAsa karake kAla bhairava ke samIpa jAgaraNa karate haiN| isase manuSya sarva pApoM se mukta ho jAtA hai| 2. gItA jayantI - mArgazIrSa zuklA ekAdazI ke dina bhagavAna zrIkRSNa ne arjuna ko nimitta banAkara gItA kA upadeza diyA thA, ata: isa mahIne meM utpannA ekAdazI, mokSadA ekAdazI, mArgazIrSa pUrNimA Adi vrata bhI pracalita haiN| pauSa mAsa ke vrata 1. saphalA ekAdazI - pauSa kRSNA gyArasa saphalA ekAdazI kahalAtI hai| isa dina upavAsa vrata karate haiN| 2. surUpA dvAdazI - pauSa kRSNA bArasa ke dina puSya nakSatra kA yoga ho to vizeSa phaladAyI hotA hai| isa dina vrata karane se sukha, santAna, saundarya aura saubhAgya kI prApti hotI hai| ___ 3. putradA ekAdazI - pauSa zuklA ekAdazI ke dina upavAsa karane se sulakSaNa putra kI prApti hotI hai| isI bhA~ti Arogya vrata, mArtaNDa saptamI, pauSa pUrNimA snAna Adi vrata kiye jAte haiN|

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bhAratIya paramparAoM meM pracalita vratoM (tapoM) kA sAmAnya svarUpa... 201 mAgha mAsa ke vrata dhArmika dRSTikoNa se isa mAsa kA atyadhika mahattva hai / isa mahIne meM dAna, snAna, upavAsa aura bhagavAna mAdhava kI pUjA atyanta phaladAyI hotI hai| isa mahIne meM eka samaya bhojana karane se dhanavAna kula meM janma hotA hai| isa mAsa meM nimna vratoM kA pracalana hai 1. makara saMkrAnti isa dina sUrya makara rAzi meM praveza karatA huA uttarAyaNa hotA hai| isa dina gaMgA snAna, tila dAna, tapa-japa, zrAddha Adi kA vizeSa mahattva hai| w 2. maunI amAvasyA mAgha mAsa kI amAvasyA tithi ke dina mauna vrata rakhate hue muniyoM ke samAna AcaraNa karate haiN| isakA atyadhika mahattva mAnA gayA hai| - - 3. acalA saptamI vrata purANoM meM yaha saptamI ratha, sUrya, bhAnu, arka, mahatI va putra saptamI ke nAma se vikhyAta hai| isa dina sUrya kI ArAdhanA tathA vrata ke rUpa meM namaka rahita ekAsanA athavA phalAhAra karate haiN| 4. mAgha pUrNimA mAgha mAsa meM snAna karane kA atyanta mahattva hai| isa dina pUre dina kA vrata rakhate hue dAna - snAna Adi kriyAe~ karate haiN| isa mAha meM zItalA SaSThI, SaTlitA ekAdazI, basanta paMcamI, sUrya saptamI, bhISmASTamI, jayA ekAdazI Adi vrata karane kA bhI nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| - phAlguna mAsa ke vrata 1. mahAzivarAtri vrata yadyapi kisI bhI mAsa ke kI caturdazI kRSNapakSa zivarAtri kahI jAtI hai, kintu phAlguna ke kRSNapakSa kI caturdazI mahAzivarAtri kahalAtI hai| isa dina vratI upavAsa karake bilva patroM se ziva kI pUjA-arcanA karatA hai aura rAtri bhara jAgaraNa karatA hai / phalataH bhagavAna ziva prasanna hokara vratI ko naraka se bacAte haiM aura Ananda evaM mokSa pradAna karate haiN| yaha vrata sabhI ke lie akSaya puNya phala dene vAlA hai| sAtha hI nitya evaM kAmya donoM koTiyoM kA hai| - inake atirikta jAnakI navamI, vijayA ekAdazI, AmalakI ekAdazI Adi kaI anya vrata bhI kiye jAte haiN| bAraha mahInoM ke alAvA sAta vAroM se

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202...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka sambandhita vrata kI paripATI bhI isa paramparA meM pracalita hai| tulanA - yadi hindU dharma meM parigaNita vratoM kI tulanA jaina dharma meM mAnya vratoM ke sAtha kI jAe to avabodha hotA hai ki isameM pracalita adhikAMza vrata bhautika upalabdhiyoM kI pUrti hetu kiye jAte haiN| kucha vrata evaM parva laukika dRSTi se jaina paramparA meM bhI mAnya haiM jaise- dhanaterasa, rakSA baMdhana aadi| kucha vrata jaina mata se sAmyatA bhI rakhate haiM udAharaNArtha- jaina granthoM meM varNita cAndrAyaNa vrata kI bhA~ti isa paramparA meM bhI cAndrAyaNa vrata karane vAlA mayUra ke aNDe ke barAbara grAsa banAkara zuklapakSa meM tithi kI vRddhi ke anusAra eka-eka grAsa bar3hAte hue aura kRSNapakSa meM tithi ke anusAra eka-eka ghaTAte hue bhojana karatA hai evaM amAvasyA ke dina upavAsa karatA hai| isa prakAra hindU vrata evaM jaina vrata meM kiMcita samAnatA aura adhika asamAnatA hai| bauddha dharma meM vrata parvotsava vibhinna sampradAyoM se jur3e loga apanI-apanI paramparA ke anusAra varSabhara meM aneka parva tathA utsava Ayojita karate haiN| vizva ke adhikAMza bhAgoM meM rahane vAle bauddha-dharmAvalambI loga bhI bar3e harSollAsa ke sAtha kaI utsava manAte haiM, jo unake sAmAjika paridRzyoM tathA bhagavAna gautama buddha ke jIvana-darzana para paryApta prakAza DAlate haiN| ____ lumbinI, bodhagayA, sAranAtha aura kuzInagara - ye cAra aise sthAna haiM jo gautama buddha ke janma, jJAna prApti, prathama upadeza aura mahAparinirvANa se sambandhita hone ke kAraNa bauddhoM ke lie pavitra tIrtha bana gaye haiN| isI prakAra zrAvastI, saMkAsya, rAjagRhI aura vaizAlI bhI bauddhoM ke tIrtha sthAna ke rUpa meM mAne jAte haiM; kyoMki mahAtmA buddha ne ina sthAnoM para apane cAra mukhya camatkAroM kA pradarzana kiyA thaa| ina sabhI pAvana tIrthoM meM zraddhAlujana aneka avasaroM para ekatra hote haiM aura hArdika zraddhA ke sAtha ullAsapUrNa vAtAvaraNa meM parva manAte haiN| ___ bauddha dharma ke donoM sampradAyoM- hInayAna aura mahAyAna meM katipaya vibhinnatAoM ke sAtha samAna rUpa se parva manAne kI prathA pracalita hai| inameM kucha loga paryoM ke avasara para pradarzita hone vAle saMgIta tathA nRtya ko ADambara kI saMjJA dete hue isakA niSedha karate haiN| unakA mAnanA hai ki bauddha dharma eka vizuddha

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bhAratIya paramparAoM meM pracalita vratoM ( tapoM) kA sAmAnya svarUpa...203 adhyAtma hai, jisameM nRtya tathA saMgIta Adi ke sAtha utsava manAnA anucita hai jabaki kucha loga ise bhI dhArmika prakriyA se jor3akara nAca-gAna ke sAtha utsava manAte haiN| bauddha-dharmAvalambiyoM kA sabase pramukha evaM mahattvapUrNa utsava vaizAkha pUrNimA ke dina Ayojita kiyA jAtA hai, jise ve zAkyamuni ke janma-divasa ke rUpa meM manAte haiN| isI dina mahAtmA buddha ko jJAna prApta huA thA aura Aja hI ke dina unakA mahAprayANa bhI huA thaa| ataeva yaha dina unake parinirvANadivasa ke rUpa meM bhI manAyA jAtA hai| isa avasara para loga prabhAtapherI karate haiM, gautama buddha kI pratimA ke samakSa prArthanA-pUjana karate haiM aura bauddha bhikSuoM ko bhojana karAte haiN| sAyaMkAla mandiroM meM dIpaka aura momabattI jalAte haiN| isa mahotsava meM zrIlaGkA, thAIlaiNDa, barmA, maleziyA, jApAna, nepAla, kamboDiyA, tAIvAna, cIna, tibbata, koriyA tathA anya dezoM ke bauddha-dharmAnuyAyI sAthasAtha zAmila hokara ise manAte haiN| vibhinna dezoM ke zraddhAluoM dvArA isa utsava ke manAye jAne kA tarIkA eka samAna nahIM hotA hai, apitu ve apane deza ke rIti-rivAja ke anusAra manAte haiN| yadyapi yaha utsava harSollAsa kA pratIka hai; kintu loga isa Ananda kA anubhava atyanta zAntipUrNa tarIke se karate haiN| zraddhAlujana buddha ke upadezoM tathA unake IzvarIya caritroM ko apane mana meM dhAraNa kara vizva zAnti ke lie prArthanA karate haiN| bauddha bhikSuoM ke tIna mAha ke 'vassAvAsa' (varSAkAlIna nivAsa) kI avadhi ke anantara kArtika pUrNimA ke dina eka anya AdhyAtmika parva manAyA jAtA hai| varSA Rtu meM bauddha bhikSu maThoM meM nivAsa karate haiM aura isa avadhi ke bAda hI ve bAhara nikalate haiN| isa dina loga prAtaHkAlIna prArthanA-pUjana ke pazcAt dopahara se pUrva hI bhikSuoM ko bhojana karAte haiM aura unheM upahAra svarUpa vastra pradAna karate haiN| ise 'cIvaradAna' (vastradAna) kahA jAtA hai| tatpazcAt loga dina kA zeSa bhAga dhyAna tathA pUjana meM vyatIta karate haiM aura zAma ko mandiroM tathA stUpoM para dIpaka evaM momabattiyA~ jalAte haiN| bauddhoM ke dvArA eka anya mahattvapUrNa utsava ASAr3ha pUrNimA ke dina manAyA jAtA hai| isa dina ko apAra zraddhA ke sAtha parva rUpa meM manAne ke do mUlabhUta kAraNa haiN| pahalA to yaha ki isI dina mahAtmA buddha satya kI khoja meM mahAn

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204...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka tyAga kI bhAvanA se yukta hokara rAjamahala se nikala par3e the aura dUsarA yaha ki unhoMne Aja hI ke dina sAranAtha meM apane ziSya kauNDinya tathA jJAna prApti ke pUrva bodha gayA meM sAtha raha cuke cAra anya ko cAra Arya satyoM kA upadeza pradAna kiyaa| yaha utsava atyanta sAdagI ke sAtha manAyA jAtA hai| sAranAtha sthita 'dhammeka stUpa' jahA~ gautama buddha ne upadeza diyA thA, vahA~ para pUjA kI jAtI hai aura dIpaka tathA momabattiyA~ jalAyI jAtI haiN| isa varNana se jJAta hotA hai ki bauddha dharma meM dhArmika vrata evaM utsava ko tapa ke samakakSa mAnA gayA hai| yadyapi isa paramparA meM jaina dharma kI bhA~ti upavAsa, Ayambila, ekAsana Adi rUpa tapa kA pracalana nahIM hai| yahA~ taponuSThAna ke rUpa meM prArthanA, dIpaka momabattI prajvalana, pUjana, dhyAna, vastradAna Adi sukRta karma kiye jAte haiN| dUsarA tathya yaha hai ki jaise arhat dharma meM tIrthaGkaroM ke janma, dIkSA, kevalajJAna, nirvANa Adi pA~ca ko kalyANaka svarUpa mAnA gayA hai aura una dinoM tIrthaGkarakRta tapa ke anusAra tapa karane kI bhI paramparA hai vaise hI bauddhaparamparA meM bhI buddha ke janma, jJAna prApti, prathama upadeza evaM nirvANa dina ko pavitra divasa ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai tathA una dinoM vizeSa utsava manAte haiM aura pUjana Adi dhArmika kRtya sampanna karate haiN| . isa prakAra jaina aura bauddha dharma kI vrata-prakriyA meM kiJcita sAmya hai| masIhI (IsAI) dharma ke parvotsava ___hindU aura muslima bhAIyoM kI taraha masIhI bhI apane parvo ko bar3e hI ullAsa se manAte haiN| ye loga pratyeka ravivAra ko girajAghara meM sAmUhika ArAdhanA karate haiM jisameM bAibila kA pATha, bhajana evaM prArthanAe~ kI jAtI haiM aura dharmAcAryoM dvArA bAibila kI zikSA para pravacana hotA hai| tadanantara AzIrvacanoM se ArAdhanA samApta hotI hai| paryoM meM vizeSa rUpa se khrIstajayantI (bar3A dina), khajUra kA itavAra, zubha zukravAra aura IsTara ko proTesTeNTa aura kaitholika donoM loga bar3e harSollAsa ke sAtha manAte haiN| yahA~ saMkSepa meM inakA paricaya diyA jA rahA hai 1. khrIstajayantI yA bar3A dina - yaha parva 25 disambara se 31 disambara taka manAyA jAtA hai, jo 24 disambara kI madhya rAtri se hI Arambha ho jAtA hai|

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bhAratIya paramparAoM meM pracalita vratoM (tapoM) kA sAmAnya svarUpa...205 24 disambara kI rAtri se hI navayuvakoM kI TolI jinheM kairalsa kahA jAtA hai| yIzu masIha ke janma se sambandhita gItoM ko pratyeka masIhI ke ghara jAkara gAte haiN| 25 disambara kI subaha girajAgharoM meM vizeSa ArAdhanA hotI hai, jise "krisamasa sarvisa' kahA jAtA hai| isa ArAdhanA meM dharmAcArya yIzu ke jIvana se sambandhita pravacana karate haiN| ArAdhanA ke pazcAt masIhI bandhu eka-dUsare kA abhivAdana karate hue bar3A dina mubAraka (Wish you a Happy Cristmas) kahate haiN| eka-dUsare ko bheMTa dete haiM aura ghara Ane vAloM kA satkAra karate haiN| krisamasa se eka saptAha pahale masIhI bandhu apane riztedAroM evaM milane vAle logoM ko jo anyatra rahate haiM, krisamasa grITiMga kArDa bhejate haiN| yaha parva yIza ke janma kA smaraNa karAtA hai| vAstava meM yaha parva masIhiyoM kA hRdaya hai| ___2. khajUra kA itavAra - yaha parva yIzu ke vijayollAsa ke sAtha yeruzalama nagara meM praveza kA parva hai, jisakA varNana (mattIracita susamAcAra 21:1-11, marakusaracita sasamAcAra 11:1-11, lUkAracita susamAcAra 19:2944 aura yUhannAracita susamAcAra 12:12-19) meM pAyA jAtA hai| isa parva ko manAte samaya masIhI bhAI-bahana, bacce apane-apane hAthoM meM khajUra kI DAla rakhate haiM, julUsa nikAlate haiM, dharmAcArya unakI aguvAI karate haiM aura dAUda kI santAna ko hozannA pukArate haiN| julUsa kI samApti para punaH ArAdhanAlaya (carca) meM ekatra hokara Izvara kI bhakti kI jAtI hai| khajUra kI DAla ke viSaya meM yUhannAracita susamAcAra meM likhA hai - 'yaha sunakara ki yIzu yeruzalama ko AtA hai, khajUra kI DAliyA~ lIM aura usase bheMTa karane ko nikale aura pukArane lage ki hozannA dhanya isrAila kA rAjA, jo prabhu ke nAma se AtA hai|' 3. duHkha bhoga kA saptAha - zubha zukravAra kA parva manAne ke eka saptAha pahale duHkha bhoga kA saptAha manAyA jAtA hai| ise pezensa vIka (Patience Week) kahA jAtA hai| somavAra se lekara guruvAra taka sandhyA samaya masIhI bhAI-bahana ArAdhanAlaya meM ekatra hote haiM aura dharmAcArya athavA anyatra sthAna se bulAe gaye mehamAna jo masIhI zikSA meM dakSa hote haiM, pravacana karate haiM aura una dinoM kA smaraNa karate haiM jaba prabhu yIzu ne mAnava jAti ko pApa se bacAne hetu kitanA duHkha uThAyA thaa| guruvAra ke dina prabhu bhoja kI vidhi (Lord's Supper) bhI manAyI jAtI hai|

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206... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka prabhu bhoja kI vidhi manAne kA AdhAra yIzu dvArA apane ziSyoM ke sAtha antima bhoja para kahe gaye vacana haiM jo paulusa ne 1 karinthiyo 11:23-26 meM likhe haiM - 'prabhu yIzu ko jisa rAta pakar3avAyA gayA to prabhu ne roTI lI evaM dhanyavAda kahate hue use tor3A aura kahA yaha merI deha hai jo tumhAre lie hai, mere smaraNa ke lie yaha kiyA karo / ' isa bhojana ko 'pavitra sahabhAgitA' (Holy Communion) bhI kahate haiN| isa bhoja ke dvArA masIhiyoM kA vizvAsa dRr3ha hotA hai, prema aura bhakti bar3hatI hai, prabhu ke AjJA-pAlana karane kI preraNA milatI hai aura ananta jIvana kI AzA ba~dhatI hai| 4. zubha zukravAra (Good Friday) - zubha zukravAra masIhiyoM ke lie Ananda manAne kA parva nahIM hai, balki yaha dina prabhu yIzu ke krUsa para car3hAye jAne aura pApiyoM ke lie prANa dene kI smRti meM manAyA jAtA hai| isa dina se pahale 40 dinoM taka bahuta se masIhI vrata rakhate haiN| zubha zukravAra ko vizeSa ArAdhanA kA Ayojana kiyA jAtA hai, jisameM yIzu ke duHkha uThAne evaM 'krUsa para sAta vANI' Adi para pravacana hote haiN| ve sAta vANiyA~ nimnAGkita haiM 1. 'he pitA ! inheM kSamAkara; kyoMki ye jAnate nahIM ki yaha kyA kara rahe haiN| " - 2. 'maiM tujha se saca-saca kahatA hU~ ki Aja hI mere sAtha svargaloka meM hogA (yaha zabda eka DAkU se kahe gaye the, jo unake sAtha krUsa para Ta~gA thA ) |7 3. 'he nArI! dekha, terA putra ( mAtA mariyama se kahA ) aura dekha terI mAtA' (yUhannA cele se khaa)| 4. 'he mere paramezvara! he mere paramezvara ! tUne mujhe kyoM chor3a diyA' (kyoMki usa samaya yIzu mAnava rUpa meM thA ) | 9 5. 'maiM pyAsA huuN| 10 6. 'pUrA huaa| '11 7. 'he pitA! maiM apanI AtmA tere hAthoM meM sauMpatA huuN| 12 zubha zukravAra kI ArAdhanA dina meM 12 baje se 3 baje taka hotI hai| isa parva ko zubha zukravAra isalie kahA jAtA hai ki yIzu ne pApiyoM ke lie krUsa para prANa dekara samasta mAnava jAti ke lie uddhAra kA mArga khola diyaa| yUhannA

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bhAratIya paramparAoM meM pracalita vratoM ( tapoM) kA sAmAnya svarUpa...207 3:16 meM likhA hai- 'kyoMki paramezvara ne jagat se aisA prema rakhA ki usane apanA ikalautA putra de diyA tAki jo koI usa para vizvAsa kare, vaha naSTa na ho, parantu ananta jIvana paaye|' ____5. IsTara athavA punarutthAna-divasa - IsTara masIhiyoM ke lie harSollAsa kA parva hai, jo zubha zukravAra ke bAda Ane vAle ravivAra ko manAyA jAtA hai| isa dina yIzu puna: jIvita hue the| yIzu ke krUsa para car3hAye jAne kI ghaTanA jitanI duHkhada thI,usake viparIta punarutthAna-divasa AnandadAyaka evaM itihAsa kI mahattvapUrNa ghaTanA thii| yIzu ke jIvita hone kA varNana mattIracita susamAcAra meM bahata hI mArmika DhaMga se kiyA gayA hai| vahA~ likhA hai_ 'dekho, eka bar3A bhUDola huA; kyoMki prabhu kA eka dUta svarga se utarA aura pAsa Akara usane patthara ko (jo krUsa para thA) lur3hakA diyA aura usa para baiTha gyaa| usakA rUpa bijalI kA-sA aura usakA vastra pAle kI taraha ujjvala thaa| usake bhaya se paharue kA~pa uThe aura mRtaka ke samAna ho gaye' (mattI, 28:14) / isa avasara para mariyama magadalInI aura dUsarI mariyama kabra para paha~cI thiiN| ve isa ghaTanA ko dekhakara Dara gyii| taba devadUta ne kahA thA, 'tuma mata ddro| maiM jAnatA hU~ ki tuma yIzu ko jo krUsa para car3hAyA gayA thA DhU~r3hatI ho, vaha yahA~ nahIM hai, parantu apane vacana ke anusAra jI uThA hai' (mattI, 28:5-7) / ina striyoM ne ye bAteM gyAraha celoM ko batAyIM; kintu unhoMne pratIti nahIM kii| patarasa uThakara kabra para daur3a gayA aura jhukakara kevala kapar3e par3e dekhe tathA jo huA thA usa para acambhA karate hue apane ghara calA gayA (lUkA, 24:9-12) / yUhannA likhatA hai ki yIzu ne sabase pahale mariyama ko darzana diye, kintu usane mariyama ko apane- Apako chUne nahIM diyA aura yaha kahA - 'mujhe mata chU; kyoMki maiM aba taka pitA ke pAsa Upara nahIM gayA' (yUhannA, 20:17) / isa ghaTanA ke bAda yIzu immAusa gA~va ko jAte hue do bhaktoM ko milA (lUkA 24:1335) / sandhyA ke samaya dasa ziSyoM ko (thopA usa samaya vahA~ nahIM thA) dikhAyI diyA (lUkA, 24:26-43) / sAta dina ke bAda gyAraha celoM ko dikhAyI diyA aura usa samaya thopA bhI thA (yUhannA, 20:24-29) / taba yIza puna: galIla ke parvata para gyAraha celoM ko dikhAyI diyA aura usane Adeza diyA ki 'tuma jAkara saba jAtiyoM ke logoM ko celA banAo aura unheM pitA aura putra tathA

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208... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka , pavitra AtmA ke nAma se bapatismA do / ' (mattI 28:16-20) paulusa prerita 1 karinthiyo 15:7-9 meM kahatA hai 'phira yAkUba ko dikhAyI diyA, taba saba preritoM ko dikhAyI diyA aura sabake bAda mujhako bhI dikhAyI diyA jo mAno adhUre dinoM kA janmA hU~; kyoMki maiM preritoM meM sabase choTA hU~ varan prerita kahalAne ke yogya bhI nahIM; kyoMki maiMne paramezvara kI kalIsiyA ko sunAyA thaa| - isa advitIya ghaTanA kA smaraNa karate hue masIhI IsTara kA parva manAte aura eka-dUsare ko 'prabhu jI uThA hai' bolakara abhivAdana karate tathA mubArakavAda dete haiN| kucha loga 'IsTara mubAraka' (Wish you a happy Easter) bhI kahate haiN| 6. pintekusakA parva kucha masIhI sampradAya yIzu ke jIvita hone ke 50 dina bAda pintekusakA parva manAte haiN| yaha parva isalie manAyA jAtA hai ki yIzu ke svargArohaNa ke bAda usI dina pavitra AtmA kA avataraNa celoM para huA thaa| jisakA varNana 'preritoM ke kAma' adhyAya 2:1-4 meM nimna rUpa se kiyA gayA hai - - 'jaba pintekusakA dina AyA to ve saba eka jagaha ikaTThe the aura ekAeka AkAza se bar3I A~dhI kI - sI sanasanAhaTa kA zabda huA aura usase sArA ghara jahA~ ve baiThe the, gU~ja uThA aura unheM Aga kI-sI jIbheM phaTatI huI dikhAyI dIM aura unameM se hara eka para A ThaharIM tathA ve saba pavitra AtmA se bhara gaye aura jisa prakAra AtmA ne unheM bolane kI sAmarthya dI, ve anya - anya bhASA bolane lge|' pratyeka masIhI pavitra AtmA kA varadAna cAhatA hai aura isalie paramezvara se prArthanA bhI karatA hai, jinako pavitra AtmA kA varadAna prApta ho jAtA hai, ve prabhu yIzu masIha ke nAma meM prArthanA dvArA caMgAI kA kArya evaM bhaviSyavANI karane lagate haiN| 13 ukta varNana ke AdhAra para mAnA jA sakatA hai ki IsAI dharma meM jaina dharma ke samAna upavAsa, ekAsana Adi ke rUpa meM tapa - vyavasthA nahIM hai / vahA~ manAye jAne vAle dhArmika parvotsava ko tapasyA kA eka pakSa kahA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki isa paramparA meM dharma janita utsava ko vrata sadRza svIkArate haiM / dUsarA tathya yaha hai ki isa dharma meM mAnya sabhI parva prAya: yIzu masIha ke janma, vijaya, antima bhojana, upadeza, krUsa ArohaNa, punarjIvana Adi se hI

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bhAratIya paramparAoM meM pracalita vratoM (tapoM) kA sAmAnya svarUpa... 209 sambandhita haiM aura unameM bhagavAna ke rUpa meM yIzu kA smaraNa evaM unake upadezoM kA zravaNa Adi kiyA jAtA hai| ina parva dinoM meM kAyika sthiratA, prabhu samarpaNa, svadoSa avalokana, bAIbila kA pATha Adi kRtya jaina dharma meM mAnya bAhya evaM Abhyantara tapoM ke prakAra - kAya kleza, vinaya, prAyazcitta, dhyAna Adi se sAdRzya rakhate haiN| isa prakAra aprakaTa rUpa se masIhI dharma meM Aja bhI tapa kA svarUpa jIvanta hai| muslima dharma meM vratotsava bhArata vibhinna dharmoM tathA saMskRtiyoM vAlA deza hai / isa deza meM aneka dharmasampradAyoM ke loga apanI-apanI paramparAoM ke anusAra utsava tathA parva manAte haiN| inameM muslima samudAya varSa bhara meM aneka parva manAtA hai, jinase unakI sAmAjika tathA dhArmika bhAvanAoM kA prakaTIkaraNa hotA hai| muharrama, ramajAna, Ida-ula-fitara, Ida-ula-juhA, zaba-e-barAta, bArAvafAta Adi aise hI aneka utsava haiM jinase unakI dhArmika, sAmAjika tathA vaicArika jIvana zailI sAphasApha parilakSita hotI hai muharrama - muharrama muslima kaileNDara kA pahalA mahInA hai / yaha muslimoM aura unameM bhI vizeSa rUpa se ziyA sampradAya ke logoM ke lie apane zoka - udgAra kA parva hai| saUdI araba meM makkA meM karbalA kI duHkhAnta ghaTanA kI yAda meM yaha parva manAyA jAtA hai, jisameM allAha ke devadUta mohammada sAhaba kI putrI fAtimA ke dUsare beTe imAma husaina kA nirdayatA pUrvaka katla kara diyA gayA thA / muslima samudAya isa mahIne ke dasa dina haz2arata imAma husaina kI zahAdata kI yAdagAra meM tathA unake prati zoka prakaTa karane meM vyatIta karatA hai / yaz2Ida kI senA ke viruddha jaMga karate hue imAma husaina ke pitA haz2arata alI kA sampUrNa parivAra mauta ke ghATa utAra diyA gayA thA aura muharrama ke dasaveM dina imAma husaina bhI isa yuddha meM zahIda ho gaye the| isI duHkhada ghaTanA ke zoka meM yaha parva bhAratavarSa hI nahIM, apitu anya kaI dezoM meM bhI bar3e hI AkarSaka rUpa meM manAyA jAtA hai| isa avasara para deza ke tamAma zaharoM tathA kasboM meM vividha raMga-rUpoM vAle tAz2iye nikAle jAte haiN| lakar3I, bA~sa tathA cA~dI se nirmita aura kImatI dhAtuoM tathA raMga-biraMge kAgajoM se susajjita ye tAz2iye haz2arata imAma husaina ke maqabare ke pratIka ke rUpa meM mAne

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210...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka jAte haiN| isI julUsa meM imAma husaina ke sainya bala ke pratIka svarUpa kucha loga aneka vidha zastroM ke sAtha yuddha kI kalAbAjiyA~ pradarzita karate haiN| muharrama ke julUsa meM loga imAma husaina ke prati apanI saMvedanA darzAne ke lie bAjoM para zoka-dhuna bajAte haiM aura zoka-gIta (marziyA) gAte haiN| loga zokAkula hokara A~sU bahAte hue vilApa karate haiM tathA apanI chAtI pITa-pITa kara 'hAya husaina', 'hAya husaina' ke Arta svara se pUre vAtAvaraNa ko karuNa rasa se sikta kara dete haiN| muharrama ke dasaveM dina tAjiyAdArI kI yaha paramparA bagadAda ke qhalIfA majuddaulA ke dvArA hijarI san 352 meM cAlU kI gyii| bhArata meM isa paramparA kI zuruAta caudahavIM zatAbdI meM muhammada tugalaka ke samaya meM taimUralaMga ke dvArA kI gyii| ___ ramaz2Ana - muslima mahIne ramaz2Ana ke prathama dina se hI yaha parva Arambha ho jAtA hai| yaha ramaz2Ana kA mahInA sabhI muslima mahInoM meM pavitratama mAnA gayA hai, kyoMki haz2arata jibrAila isI mahIne meM allAha ke dvArA pRthvI para bheje gaye the| inhIM ke mAdhyama se allAha ke dvArA preSita pAvana grantha 'kurAna' mohammada sAhaba ko usa samaya hastagata huA thA, jaba ve makkA meM kaThora tapasyA kara rahe the| ramaz2Ana ke daurAna pUre dina musalamAna loga upavAsa karate haiM aura isa avadhi meM ve Atma-niyantraNa ko allAha kA Adeza samajhakara samasta prakAra kI durvRttiyoM se apane ko dUra rakhate haiN| isa pavitra mahIne meM muslima samudAya ke loga bhora meM (uSAkAla ke pUrva) uThakara dina kA upavAsa-vrata Arambha karane ke pahale alpAhAra karate haiN| pUre dina zubha vicAroM tathA dhArmika bhAvanAoM meM mana ko kendrita karake upavAsa-vrata kA dRr3ha saMkalpa ke sAtha pAlana karane vAle muslima loga masjidoM meM kurAna kI AyatoM kA pATha karate haiN| isa prakAra ramaz2Ana mahIne meM kaThora upavAsa, kurAna-pATha, Atma-niyantraNa, paraspara bhAIcAre kI bhAvanA Adi ke dvArA musalamAna bandhu naisargika mAnavIya guNoM se ota-prota ho jAte haiN| Ida-ula-fitara - muslima samudAya dvArA sampUrNa vizva meM manAyA jAne vAlA yaha sabase bar3A parva hai| yaha hijarI san ke dasaveM mahIne 'zavvAla' kI pahalI tArIqha ko manAyA jAtA hai| ramaz2Ana ke daurAna tIsa dinoM ke kaThora upavAsa ke bAda mahAn harSa tathA ullAsa ke sAtha loga naye-naye raMga-biraMge bhavya

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bhAratIya paramparAoM meM pracalita vratoM ( tapoM) kA sAmAnya svarUpa...211 paridhAnoM meM saja-dhajakara bar3I saMkhyA meM masjidoM tathA IdagAhoM meM jAte haiM aura vahA~ Ida kI namAz2a adA karate haiN| Aja ke dina hindU tathA musalamAna ApasI bhAIcAre kI bhAvanA kI abhivRddhi ke uddezya se eka-dUsare ko gale lagAte haiN| isa avasara para muslima nAriyA~ sundara vastroM tathA yathA sAmarthya qImatI AbhUSaNoM se susajjita hokara eka-dUsare ke ghara pahu~cakara zubhakAmanAe~ vyakta karatI haiN| Aja ke dina kA pramukha AkarSaNa gharoM meM taiyAra kI gayI ati svAdiSTa 'sevaiyA~' rahatI haiN| Ida-ula-juhA - yaha parva muslima mahIne 'jila-hijja' kI dasavIM tithi ko bar3e dhUmadhAma se manAyA jAtA hai| yaha parva haz2arata ibrAhima kI kaThoratama parIkSA ke yAdagAra meM sarvatra manAyA jAtA hai| eka bAra unheM svapna meM sarva zaktimAn allAha se Adeza milA ki ve apane sabase priya putra ismAila kI bali cddh'aaye| ibrAhima ke lie yaha kaThina agni parIkSA thii| allAha meM dRr3ha vizvAsa rakhane vAle haz2arata ibrAhima ne isake lie apane putra ismAila se pUchA aura usake tatkAla rAz2I ho jAne para usakI bali car3hAne ko taiyAra ho gye| haz2arata ibrAhima ne apanI talavAra jyoM hI beTe kI gardana para rakhI, usI samaya sarvavyApI allAha ne unheM aisA karane se roka diyA aura kahA ki maiM to kevala allAha ke prati ApakI bhakti tathA vizvAsa aura unake dvArA Apako pradatta Adeza kI parIkSA le rahA thaa| . isa dina loga prAtaHkAla binA nAztA kiye namAz2a ke lie jAte haiN| Aja ke dina muslima bandhu eka-dUsare ko apane ghara bhojana ke lie Amantrita karate haiN| zaba-e-barAta - yaha parva prativarSa muslima mahIne - 'zAbAna' kI pandrahavIM rAta ko pUre deza meM manAyA jAtA hai| vizvAsa ke sAtha aisA mAnA jAtA hai ki mahAtmA mohammada sAhaba ne isa dina ko upavAsa tathA prArthanA ke lie nirdhArita kiyA hai, kyoMki Aja kI rAta sarva vyApaka allAha sabhI logoM kI nekI tathA badI kA hisAba taiyAra karate haiN| aisI dhAraNA hai ki pratyeka vyakti ke acche tathA bure kAryoM kI nigarAnI ke lie allAha ne do farizte niyukta kiye haiM, jo AdamI ke dAhine tathA bAyeM kandhe para sadA virAjamAna rahate haiN| dAhine kandhe para 'kerAvana' tathA bAyeM kandhe

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212... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka para 'kAtebIna' sthita rahate haiM jo kramazaH nekI tathA badI kA lekhA-jokhA banAte haiN| ina donoM ke dvArA pUre sAla kA banAyA gayA lekhA-jokhA isI rAta allAha ke samakSa peza kiyA jAtA hai| manuSya ke acche tathA bure kAryoM ke anusAra allAha usake bhAgya kA nirdhAraNa karate haiN| Aja ke dina muslima loga pUrI rAta jAgakara allAha se prArthanA karate haiM tathA pavitra kurAna kI AyatoM kA pATha karate haiN| isa rAta loga apane mRtaka sambandhiyoM ke uddhAra tathA unakI zAnti ke lie 'fAtihA' bhI par3hate haiN| 14 ukta varNana ke anusAra kahA jA sakatA hai ki islAma dharma Atma samarpaNa kA dharma hai| islAma kA artha hai - Izvara ke prati praNati (Submission to God) / isa dharma meM pA~ca mukhya karttavyoM meM se cauthe kartavya ke rUpa meM rojA Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| unakI mAnyatAnusAra varSa bhara meM rojA kabhI bhI rakha sakate haiM, parantu ramajAna ko pavitratama mahIne meM (jaba kurAna ko muhammada sAhaba ke pAsa utArA gayA thA, usa mAha meM) karane kA vizeSa mahattva hai| una dinoM (30 dina) pratyeka muslima sUryodaya se sUryAsta anna jala kA tyAga rakhate haiN| sAtha hI dhUmrapAna, madirA, TI.vI. Adi anaitika kArya Adi kA bhI tyAga rakhate haiM tathA zarIra ke prati nirmamatva bhAva evaM indriya niyantraNa rakhate hue sAMsArika cintAoM se mukta rahate haiN| isa mAha meM dAna kI vizeSa pravRtti dekhI jAtI hai tathA yaha tapa rogI, vRddha, yAtrI, garbhavatI strI, ATha-dasa sAla se choTe bAlakoM ke atirikta sabhI ke lie anivArya mAnA hai| yadi rojA kI tulanA jaina dharma ke upavAsa Adi se kareM to inameM dina bhara kI pravRtti to cauvihAra upavAsa ke samAna hai para jaina siddhAntoM ke viparIta yahA~ para rAtribhojana kI pravRtti dekhI jAtI hai| isake atirikta anya parvoM meM bhI upavAsa, prArthanA, atithi satkAra Adi kI pravRtti hai jisase siddha hotA hai ki yahA~ anya rUpa meM hI sahI tapa ko sthAna diyA gayA hai| sandarbha sUcI 1. vrataparvotsava vizeSAMka, pR. 16 2. manusmRti, 12/5-6 3. vrataparvotsava vizeSAMka, pR. 486 4. vahI, pR. 477

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bhAratIya paramparAoM meM pracalita vratoM (tapoM) kA sAmAnya svarUpa...213 0 N 5. yUhannA, 12/12-13 6. lUkA, 23:24 7. vahI, 23:43 8. yUhannA, 19:26 9. mattI, 27:46; marakusa, 15:34 10. yUhannA, 19:28 11. vahI, 19:30 12. lUkA, 23:46 13. vrataparvotsava vizeSAMka, pR. 479-481 14. vahI, pR. 481-482

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adhyAya-6 tapoyoga kA aitihAsika anuzIlana evaM tulanAtmaka adhyayana tapa sAdhanA kI AtmA hai, sAdhanA kI AdhArabhUmi hai, sAdhanA kA oja hai| tapa zUnya sAdhanA khokhalI hai| sAdhanA kA vizAla prAsAda tapasyA kI Thosa buniyAda para ThaharA huA hai| sAdhanA praNAlI, cAhe vaha pUrva meM vikasita huI ho yA pazcima meM, hamezA tapa se ota-prota rahI hai| koI bhI jIvana praNAlI yA sAdhanA paddhati tapa zUnya nahIM ho sakatI hai| jahA~ taka bhAratIya sAdhanA paddhatiyoM kA prazna hai, unameM se lagabhaga sabhI kA janma 'tapasyA' kI goda meM huA hai| ve usI meM palI evaM vikasita huI haiN| yahA~ to bhautikavAdI ajita kesa-kambali aura niyativAdI gozAlaka bhI tapa sAdhanA meM pravRtta parilakSita hote haiM, phira dUsarI vicAra saraNiyoM meM to tapa ke mahattva para zaMkA karane kA prazna hI nahIM utthtaa| hama jaina, bauddha aura vaidika paramparAoM ke AdhAra para isa sambandha meM carcA kara cuke haiN| tapa sAdhanA kI aitihAsika vikAsa-yAtrA yadi isa viSayaka vistRta varNana apekSita ho to isake kramika vikAsa para dRSTipAta karanA hogaa| paurANika granthoM evaM jaina-bauddha AgamoM meM tapasyA kA svarUpa aura aitihAsika vikAsa upalabdha bhI hotA hai| paM. sukhalAlajI tapa svarUpa ke aitihAsika vikAsa ke sambandha meM likhate haiM ki tapa kA svarUpa sthUla se sUkSma kI ora kramaza: vikasita hotA gayA hai aura usake sthUla-sUkSma aneka prakAra sAdhakoM ne apnaaye| tapo mArga ko vaikAsika dRSTi se cAra bhAgoM meM bA~TA jA sakatA hai - 1. avadhUta sAdhanA 2. tApasa sAdhanA 3. tapasvI sAdhanA aura 4. yoga saadhnaa| inameM kramaza: tapa ke sUkSma prakAroM kA upayoga hotA gayA, sAdhanA deha-damana se cittavRtti nirodha kI ora bar3hatI gyii|

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tapoyoga kA aitihAsika anuzIlana evaM tulanAtmaka adhyayana... 215 jaina sAdhanA tapasvI evaM yoga sAdhanA kA samanvita rUpa meM pratinidhitva karatI hai jabaki bauddha evaM gItA ke AcAradarzana yoga-sAdhanA kA pratinidhitva karate haiN| phira bhI ve sabhI apane vikAsa ke mUla kendra se pUrNa alaga nahIM haiN| jaina Agama AcArAMgasUtra kA dyUta adhyayana, bauddha grantha vizuddhimagga kA dhUtaMganiddesa aura hindU sAdhanA kI avadhUta gItA AcAra - darzanoM ke kisI eka hI mUla kendra kI ora iMgita karate haiM / jaina sAdhanA kA tapasvI mArga tApasa-mArga kA hI ahiMsaka saMskaraNa hai| 2 bauddha evaM jaina darzana meM jo vicAra-bheda haiM, usake pIche eka aitihAsika kAraNa hai| yadi majjhimanikAya meM varNita buddha ke usa kathana kA aitihAsika mUlya samajhA jAye to yaha pratIta hotA hai ki buddha ne prArambhika sAdhakIya jIvana meM kaI kaThora tapa kiye the| paM. sukhalAlajI kahate haiM ki avadhUta mArga ( tapa kA atyanta sthUla rUpa) meM jisa prakAra ke tapo mArga kA AcaraNa kiyA jAtA thA buddha ne vaise hI ugra tapa kiye the| bhagavAna mahAvIra aura gauzAlaka tapasvI to the hI, kintu unakI tapazcaryA meM na avadhUtoM kI tapazcaryA kA aMza thA aura na hI tApasoM kI, ve to yaugika sAdhaka the| gItA meM bhI tapa ke yogAtmaka svarUpa para hI adhika bala diyA gayA hai| gItAkAra ne 'tapasvibhyo'dhikoyogI' kahakara isI tathya ko aura adhika spaSTa kara diyA hai| bauddha paramparA aura gItA tapa ke yoga pakSa para adhika bala detI hai jabaki jaina darzana meM usake pUrva rUpa bhI svIkRta rahe haiN| yadi kAlakrama kI dRSTi se vicAra karate haiM to pratyeka tIrthaGkaroM ke zAsanakAla meM tapa kA astitva vidyamAna rahatA hai| tapa (vrata) ke abhAva meM dharma kI koI bhI paramparA Tika nahIM sakatI / tapa hai to dharma, dharma hai to tIrthaGkara, tIrthaGkara hai to mokSamArga aura mokSamArga hai to AtmasvarUpa kI upalabdhi hai| yadi Agama sAhitya yA prAcIna sAhitya kI apekSA vicAra karate haiM to AcArAMgasUtra ke upadhAnazruta nAmaka nauveM adhyayana meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke tapomaya, tyAgamaya jIvana kA sajIva citraNa kiyA gayA hai| tadanantara sUtrakRtAMgasUtra, sthAnAMgasUtra, bhagavatIsUtra, upAsakadazAsUtra Adi meM tapa ke vividha pahaluoM para vicAra kiyA gayA hai| isI taraha anya Agama granthoM meM bhI

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216...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka tapa sAdhanA kI Avazyaka carcAe~ kI gayI haiN| yadi tapa-vidhiyoM ko lekara kahanA cAheM to sarvaprathama antakRtadazAsUtra meM ratnAvalI, muktAvalI, kanakAvalI, bhadrottara pratimAe~ Adi kiJcita tapoM kA savidhi varNana prApta hotA hai jinheM vartamAna meM Acarita karanA prAyaH azakya hai| tatpazcAt dazAzrutaskandha meM bAraha bhikSu pratimAoM kA, upAsakadazA meM gyAraha upAsaka pratimAoM kA, uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM zreNI tapa Adi kA samucita ullekha kiyA gayA hai| jainAgamoM meM varNita kiJcit tapa duSkara haiM to kucha vartamAna meM bahu pracalita bhI haiN| inakI Agamika TIkAoM meM bhI tatsambandhI vizada varNana parilakSita hotA hai| ___ yadi pUrvavartI AcArya racita granthoM ke pariprekSya meM manana kareM to hameM AcArya haribhadra (vi. 8vIM zatI) ke paMcAzakaprakaraNa meM lagabhaga 30 tapoM kA vidhivata vivaraNa prApta hotA hai| usake bAda AcArya nemicandra racita pravacanasAroddhAra (vi. 10vIM zatI), tilakAcArya sAmAcArI (vi. 13vIM zatI), subodhAsAmAcArI (vi. 12vIM zatI), vidhimArgaprapA (14vIM zatI), AcAradinakara (15vIM zatI) ityAdi meM kramaza: bar3hatI huI saMkhyA meM tapa vidhiyoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| AcAradinakara ne to samagra tapoM ko tIna bhAgoM meM bhI vargIkRta kiyA hai| inhIM ukta granthoM ke AdhAra para aba taka kaI saMkalita pustakeM bhI sAmane AI haiM jinameM deza-kAla ke anusAra bahuta se naye tapoM kA bhI samAveza kara diyA gayA hai| ___yadi bhAratIya-paramparA kI dRSTi se avalokana kareM to vizva kI mUla nIMva ke rUpa meM pravAhita jaina, hindU va bauddha trividha dhArAoM meM tapa kA yathocita svarUpa evaM mahimA gAna kA citraNa upasthita hotA hai| isa taraha tapazcaraNa prANI mAtra kI nijI sampadA hai| isakA prayoga mokSArthI jIvoM dvArA pratyeka kAlakhaNDa meM kiyA jAtA hai aura yaha vizva kI tamAma saMskRtiyoM meM alpAdhika rUpa se hI sahI parivyApta hai| udyApana kyA, kyoM aura kaba? saMskRta vyAkaraNa ke anusAra ud+yam se 'udyama' zabda niSpanna hai aura usI kA prAkRta rUpa 'ujjama' banatA hai| yaha udyApana zabda prAkRta ke 'ujjamaNa' zabda kA hindI rUpAntaraNa hai| udyApana ko loka vyavahAra meM 'ujamaNA' kahate haiN|

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tapoyoga kA aitihAsika anuzIlana evaM tulanAtmaka adhyayana...217 kiye hue tapa kA samyak prakAra se anumodana karanA, use zobhita karanA, kIrtita karanA, prazaMsita karanA ujamaNA kahalAtA hai| eka jagaha kahA gayA hai ki caitye yathAsyAtkalazAdhirope, bhuktaH paraM pUgaphalAdi dAnam / .. sthAle'kSatAnAM ca phaloparopa, udyApanaM tadvadihAstu satta / / jisa prakAra caitya (jinAlaya) ke nirmANa ke pazcAt kalaza car3hAyA jAtA hai, bhojana ke pazcAta mukhavAsa Adi diyA jAtA hai, akSata ke thAla para phala rakhA jAtA hai vaise hI tapa ke pUrNa hone para usake maMgala ke rUpa meM udyApana karanA Avazyaka hai| upAdhyAya vIravijayajI ne likhA hai ki ujamaNAthI tapaphala vAdhe, ima bhAkhe jinarAyo jJAna guru upakaraNa karAvo, gurugama vidhi viracAyo re mahAvIra jinezvara gAyo .............. udyApana se tapa ke phala meM abhivRddhi hotI hai| tadhetu gurugama se vidhipUrvaka jJAna aura guru ke upakaraNa karavAne cAhie aura tapa kA udyApana samyak prakAra se karanA cAhie, aisA parama pitA mahAvIra svAmI kahate haiN| udyApana kI mUlyavattA ko digdarzita karate hue paM. padmavijayajI likhate haiM ki ujamaNA tapa kerA karatAM, zAsana soha car3hAyA ho vIrya ullAsa vadhe teNe kAraNa, karma nirjarA pAyA tapasyA karatAM ho, ke DaMkA jora bajAyA ho|| udyApana karane se zAsana zobhA meM abhivRddhi hotI hai, vIryollAsa (Atmika utsAha) bar3hatA hai aura usase karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kitanI ghora tapazcaryA kI? sAr3he bAraha varSa taka mauna meM rahe, na baiThe, na soye aura na hI nidrA lii| unhoMne dhyAna aura tapazcaryA kI agni zikhA ko itanA tIvra rUpa meM pragaTa kiyA ki karma jalakara khAka ho gaye aura pAMcavA~ jJAna kevalajJAna prakaTa ho gyaa| aise ugra tapazcaryA ke pariNAma svarUpa kevalajJAna ko prApta bhagavAna mahAvIra ke caraNa-kamaloM meM hamArA koTiza: vandana ho, kyoMki vIra prabhu ne ghora tapazcaryA dvArA kevalajJAna kA DaMkA jora se bajAyA hai| vastuta: udyApana tapazcaryA kI anumodanA kA hI eka kArya hai| udyApana

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218...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka karane se tapa phala meM vRddhi hotI hai| kahA bhI gayA hai ki "tapa phala vAdhe re ujamaNA thakI jima jala paMkaja nAla" jaise pAnI se kamalanAla kI vRddhi hotI hai vaise hI ujamaNA se tapa ke phala meM vRddhi hotI hai| upadezaprAsAda (bhA. 4, pR. 98) meM udyApana ke mUlya kI carcA karate hue kahA gayA hai ki vRkSo yathA dohada pUraNena, deho yathA SaDarasa bhojnen| zobhAM labhate yathoktenodyApanaiva tathA tapo'pi / / jaise dohada pUrNa karane se vRkSa aura SaDsa ke bhojana se zarIra vizeSa zobhA ko prApta hotA hai usI prakAra vidhipUrvaka udyApana karane se tapa vizeSa zobhA ko prApta hotA hai| isI krama meM udyApana se hone vAle lAbha ke viSaya meM batAyA gayA hai ki lakSmIH kRtArthA saphalaM tape'pi, dhyAnaM sadoccairjina bodhilAbhaH / jinasya bhaktirjinazAsana zrIrguNAH, syuradhApanato narANAm / / vidhipUrvaka udyApana karane se lakSmI kRtArtha hotI hai, tapa saphala ho jAtA hai, ucca prakAra kA dhyAna prApta hotA hai, bodhilAbha hotA hai, ratnatraya kI bhakti se puNyAnubaMdhI puNya baMdhatA hai, jinAjJA kA pAlana karane se mahAdharma hotA hai, jinazAsana kI zobhA meM vRddhi hotI hai tathA bhavya jIvoM ke lie dharma prApti meM nimitta banatA hai| ____itihAsa meM udyApana sambandhI ullekha samprApta hote haiN| navakAra mantra kI tapArAdhanA ke paripUrNa hone para pethar3azAha ne bahuta bhavya udyApana kiyA thA jisameM unhoMne darzana-jJAna-cAritra ke 68-68 upakaraNa rkhe| jaise- 68 cAMdI ke kalaza, 68 cAMdI kI thAla-kaTorI, 68 sone kI thAlI, 68 jarI ke rumAla, 68 ratna, 68 ratnajaDita dhvajAe~ aadi| una upakaraNoM meM koI cAMdI ke, koI sone ke, to koI hIre motI ke the| kahane kA bhAvArtha yaha hai ki jisa prakAra pethar3azAha ne jinAjJA kA pAlana karate hue yathAzakti udyApana karma kiyA, usI prakAra hameM bhI 'ANAe dhammo' kI ukti ko AtmasAta karate hue udyApana kA bhavya utsava karanA caahie| isakA

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tapoyoga kA aitihAsika anuzIlana evaM tulanAtmaka adhyayana...219 mUla hArda yaha hai ki jinaprAsAda cAhe kitanA hI sundara kyoM na ho, kintu jaba taka usa para kalaza na car3he taba taka usa mandira kI zobhA dviguNita nahIM hotI hai, dUdha cAhe kitanA bhI pauSTika kyoM na ho, kintu zakkara ke binA usakI miThAsa meM abhivRddhi nahIM hotI hai, ThIka usI prakAra se tapa cAhe kitanA sundara evaM utkRSTa kyoM na ho, kintu udyApana ke binA usameM bhavyatA nahIM AtI hai| udyApana ke binA tapa jaisA uttama anuSThAna bhI adhUrA hai| vastu sthiti yaha hai ki tapa kA udyApana bodhi bIja ke aMkura ke samAna hai| usase samyagdarzana kI prApti hotI hai| yadi samyagdarzana prApta ho to tapa nirmala banatA hai| jaina darzana meM karanA, karavAnA aura anumodana karanA - ina tInoM kriyAoM ko samAna phaladAtA mAnA gayA hai| kahA bhI gayA hai"karaNa karAvaNa ne anumodana, sarakhA phala nipajAyA mahAvIra jinezvara gaayo|" tapasvI yadi ujamaNA karane meM samartha nahIM hai aura karavAne meM bhI samartha nahIM hai to usakI anumodanA avazya karanI caahie| anumodanA meM kucha bhI dravya vyaya nahIM hotA, sirpha usa taraha ke adhyavasAyoM kI bhUmikA nirmita karanI hotI hai| zrAddhavidhi aura dharmasaMgrahaTIkA meM udyApana ko zrAvaka kA janma karttavya evaM vArSika kartavya batalAyA gayA hai| udyApana hetu gRhastha ko prerita karanA sadguru kA lakSaNa kahA gayA hai| bhautika stara para jIne vAle kucha loga udyApana Adi kAryoM evaM anya dhArmika kAryakramoM meM kharca ko vyartha tathA dhana kA apavyaya mAnate haiN| kucha sAmarthyavAn na hone se tapasyA hI nahIM karate, kucha dikhAve ke lie udyApana karate haiN| inakA sIdhA sA javAba yaha hai ki 'ujamaNA' na dhana kharca ne ke lie kiyA jAtA hai aura na hI loka pradarzana hetu, yaha to vrata samApti kA kArya hai jise tapa ko mahimA maNDita evaM loka vizruta karane ke uddezya se karate haiN| sAtha hI jo bAhya vaibhava se sampanna ho, dharma ke prati rucivanta ho, tapa ke prati zraddhAniSTha ho, usI ke lie yaha Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| hA~! yadi koI sAdhana sampanna ho aura tapa karane kI zakti vAlA bhI ho, uparAnta tapa yA udyApana na kare to use vIryAcAra kA virAdhaka mAnA gayA hai| udyApanakartA ko isa bAta kA khyAla rakhanA cAhie ki yadi koI tapa athavA

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220...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka udyApana meM samartha hone ke bAvajUda bhI vaisA sukRta karma na kareM to usakI nindA nahIM karanI caahie| pratyuta svazakti ke anusAra udyApana karanA caahie| udyApana sambandhI sAmagrI kisI bhI vrata-tapa ke pUrNa hone para usakI khyAti evaM use Atmastha karane ke lie yathAnirdiSTa saMkhyA meM athavA yathAzakti jJAna-darzana-cAritra ke upakaraNa jinazAsana ke ArAdhakoM ko arpita karane caahie| udyApana meM sthUla rUpa se yahI vidhi kI jAtI hai| sAtha hI sAdharmika vAtsalya evaM saMgha pUjA bhI karate haiN| yaha udyApana svagRha, upAzraya athavA vizAla jinamandira Adi meM sajAvaTa pUrvaka karanA caahie| sAmAnyatayA udyApanakartA ko trigar3A banavAnA cAhie kyoMki snAtrapUjA Adi ke samaya paMcadhAtu kI pratimA isameM virAjamAna karate haiN| paMcadhAtu kI pratimA ko virAjita karane ke lie choTA-sA siMhAsana nirmita karavAnA caahie| yadi zakti ho to jitane chor3a kA ujamaNA ho utanI hI saMkhyA meM trigar3e banavAne caahie| isase sva kI ArAdhanA tathA dUsaroM ko anumodana kA avasara prApta hotA hai| udyApanakartA ko AvazyakatAnusAra upAzraya nirmANa athavA usakI vyavasthA hetu kucha rAzi kA upayoga karanA caahie| upAzraya bhAva ArAdhanA kA sarvazreSTha sthAna hai| vahA~ gRhastha evaM muniyoM ke dvArA niyamita rUpa se sAmAyika, pauSadha, svAdhyAya Adi kaI dhArmika ArAdhanAe~ kI jAtI haiN| zAstrIya niyamAnusAra upAzraya kA nirmANa zrAvakoM ke uddezya se karavAnA cAhie, sAdhuoM ke nimitta nhiiN| upAzraya hone se jinavANI zravaNa kA lAbha sahaja mila jAtA hai| udyApanakartA ko samyagdarzana kI ArAdhanA hetu nUtana caitya kA nirmANa, jIrNoddhAra, pratimA nirmANa, pratiSThA kArya Adi meM rAzi kA sadvyaya karanA caahie| isI taraha samyak jJAna evaM samyak cAritra ke sAdhana bhI nirmita karane caahie| udyApana nimitta arpita kiye jAne vAle dravya (rAzi) ko nimna cAra hissoM meM bAMTa denA cAhie - darzana, jJAna, cAritra aura unake ArAdhaka sAdharmika gRhastha evaM muniyoM ke lie| jinazAsana kA mUla zrutajJAna hai tathA usa jJAna kI bhakti paramAvazyaka hai ataH samyak jJAna kI ArAdhanA hetu Agama-zAstra likhavAne cAhie, jJAna sAmagrI rakhane hetu candana-kASThAdi ke sundara kapATa

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tapoyoga kA aitihAsika anuzIlana evaM tulanAtmaka adhyayana...221 banavAne cAhie, sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke lie yogya paNDitoM kI vyavasthA karanI cAhie, zikSaNa kendra khulavAne cAhie aadi| isI taraha cAritra ke upakaraNa saMgRhIta kara yathAyogya sAdhakoM ko arpita karane caahie| udyApana meM caMdavA-pUThiyA banavAnA caahie| kisI grantha meM 10 prakAra ke caMdovA-pUThiyA kA nirdeza hai| yahA~ yaha upakaraNa jinAlaya evaM sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke lie upayogI jAnanA caahie| sAkSAt tIrthaGkara ke pRSTha bhAga para bhAmaNDala hotA hai| Aja usI ke pratIka rUpa meM caMdovA bAMdhate haiN| tIrthaGkara ke zAsanakAla meM dUsare prahara meM gaNadhara muni dezanA dete haiM taba rAjA-mahArAjA unake lie siMhAsana lAte haiN| yadi koI lAne vAlA na ho to paramAtmA ke lie nirmita ratnajar3ita siMhAsana para baiThakara dezanA dete haiN| ata: AcAryoM ke pIche bhI caMdovA-pUThiyA bAMdhA jAtA hai| udyApanakartA ko yaha upakaraNa apane hastagata na rakhakara jinamandira yA upAzraya Adi meM supurda kara denA caahie| vartamAna meM caMdovA-pUThiyA para pUjya puruSoM kA Alekha kiyA jAtA hai jo anucita hai, kyoMki sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke Upara pUjya puruSoM se Alekhita caMdovA bAMdhane para unako pITha AtI hai, isalie isa taraha ke caMdovA-pUThiyA nahIM bAMdhane caahie| vAstavika rUpa se caMdovA-pUThiyA meM indra, candra, sUrya, aSTaprAtihArya yA vairAgyadarzaka Alekha Adi karane caahie| yaha sAmAnyatayA tIrthaGkara paramAtmA evaM AcAryoM ke bahumAnArtha bAMdhA jAtA hai| isake atirikta zeSa upakaraNa laghu-bRhad tapazcaryAoM ke anusAra nirmita evaM arpita karane caahie| pratyeka adhyAya meM ullikhita tapa kI udyApana vidhi prAya: usI ke sAtha de dI gayI hai| phira bhI sarva sAmAnya udyApana meM rakhane yogya sAmagrI kI saMyukta sUcI isa prakAra hai * bar3e heMDala vAlA dIpaka-do sTenDa yukta * choTe heMDala vAlA dIpaka . darpaNa * cAmara (cA~dI kA) * ghaMTA * cA~dI ke kalaza * cA~dI ke paMkhe * cAMdI kI AratI . cA~dI kA maMgala kalaza . bhaMDAra * jarmana kI bAlTI * pItala kI bAlTI * jarmana kI nalI * pItala kI nalI * kesara ghisane kA orasiyA (patthara) * ghisA huA candana DAlane ke lie bar3e kaTore * ghisA caMdana lene hetu cammaca . vAsakSepa ke lie DibbI . vAsakSepa kI DibbI rakhane hetu sarpa aura zaMkha ke AkRti kI Tebala * dhUpadAnI- sTenDa yukta (pItala). dIpaka- sTenDa

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222...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka yukta (pItala)* jarmana thAlI (pUjA hetu) * jarmana kaTorI * pUjA kI jor3I * sAmAyika kI jor3I * pustaka rakhane kI ThavaNI * aMgalUchaNa vastra * UnI kaMbalI * daMDA * daMDAsana kI DaMDI * mora pIchI * sAdhu- sAdhviyoM ke upayogI pAtra aadi| udyApanakartA ko kucha nirdeza * jItavyavahAra ke anusAra hara eka tapasyA meM pratidina paramAtma pUjA, jJAna-jJAniyoM kI bhakti, sAdharmika suzruSA, cAritradhAriyoM kA vinaya-vaiyAvRtya Adi karanA cAhie, isase tyAga bhAva kA poSaNa aura tapa sAdhanA kA saundarya khilatA hai| * yadi pratikUlatA yA asamarthatAvaza tapa kI pUrNAhuti para adhika kucha na kara pAyeM to kama se kama svazakti ke anusAra jinezvara prabhu kI ADambara pUrvaka pUjA kreN| jJAna ke uttamottama sAdhanoM ko ekatrita kreN| guru bhagavantoM ko sva nagara meM Amantrita kara tathA sAdharmikoM ko sva ghara meM bulAkara annAdi, dhana-dhAnyAdi, vastra-alaMkAra Adi ke dvArA unakI bhakti-sevA pratyeka prakAra se kreN| * udyApana tapa pUrNa hone ke bAda hI kiyA jAtA ho aisA nahIM hai, use Adi, madhya yA aMta meM yathA saMyoga kara sakate haiN| __ * udyApana meM rakhI gaI sAmagrI guru aura saMgha kI sAkSI se zrIsaMgha ko supurda kara denI cAhie, una upakaraNoM kA svayaM ke lie upayoga nahIM kara sakate haiM jitanI zIghra ho utanI jaldI vaha sAmagrI suyogya sthAna para de denI caahie| . udyApana meM jo kucha sAmagrI rakhI jAye vaha asalI, prazasta evaM zubha bhAva utpanna ho vaisI honI caahie| deva-guru aura saMgha kI AzAtanA athavA laghutA ho vaisI koI sAmagrI nahIM rakhanI caahie| ___hindU-paramparA meM bhI vrata-udyApana kI paramparA maujUda hai| yahA~ bhI adhikAMza tapoM (vratoM) kA apanI-apanI vidhi ke anusAra udyApana kiyA jAtA hai| isa viSayaka vistRta jAnakArI hetu hindU dharma ke nAradIya purANa, saMhitA, upaniSad Adi granthoM kA AloDana karanA caahie| tulanAtmaka adhyayana bhagavAna mahAvIra ne tapa kA mUlyAMkana karate hue kahA hai ki tapa AtmA ke parizodhana kI prakriyA hai, Abaddha karmoM ke kSaya karane kI paddhati hai, tapa se pUrva

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tapoyoga kA aitihAsika anuzIlana evaM tulanAtmaka adhyayana... 223 saJcita karma vinaSTa hote haiM tathA tapazcaraNa rAga-dveSa janya pApa karmoM ke bandhana ko kSINa karane kA mArga hai| jaina-sAdhanA meM tapa ke bAhya aura Abhyantara aise do bheda kiye gaye haiM / punaH pratyeka ke chaha-chaha bheda bhI batAye gaye haiN| isa sambandha meM vistRta varNana kara cuke haiN| hindU - sAdhanA meM gItAkAra ne tapa ke tIna prakAra prastuta kiye haiM 1. zArIrika 2. vAcika aura 3. mAnasika / gItAkAra kI dRSTi se deva, dvija, gurujana aura jJAnIjanoM kA pUjana - satkAra evaM sevA karanA, zarIra kI zuddhi evaM AcaraNa kI pavitratA rakhanA, brahmacarya aura ahiMsA kA pAlana karanA zArIrika tapa hai| hitakArI, priya aura yathArtha sambhASaNa karanA tathA svAdhyAya evaM adhyayana meM rahanA vAcika tapa hai| mana kI prasannatA, zAnta bhAva, mauna, manonigraha aura bhAva vizuddhi mAnasika tapa hai| tapa kI zuddhatA evaM sArthakatA kI dRSTi se gItA meM nimna tIna vibhAga bhI kiye gaye haiM 6_ - 1. sAttvika tapa 2. rAjasa tapa aura 3. tAmasa tp| uparokta tInoM prakAroM kA tapa zraddhA pUrvaka phala kI AkAMkSA se rahita niSkAma bhAva se kiyA jAtA hai, taba vaha sAtvika tapa kahA jAtA hai| jaba yahI tapa satkAra, mAna-pratiSThA arjana yA loka pradarzana ke lie pAkhaNDa pUrvaka kiyA jAtA hai to vaha rAjasa tapa kahA jAtA hai / jisa tapa meM mUr3hatA pUrvaka haTha se svayaM ko bhI kaSTa diyA jAtA hai, dUsare ko bhI kaSTa diyA jAtA hai tathA dUsare kA aniSTa karane ke uddezya se hI kiyA jAtA hai vaha tAmasa tapa kahalAtA hai| vargIkaraNa kI dRSTi se hindU aura jaina vicAraNA meM pramukha antara yaha hai ki gItA - ahiMsA, satya, brahmacarya evaM indriya nigraha Adi ko bhI tapa kI koTi meM mAnatI hai, jabaki jaina vicAraNA inheM pA~ca mahAvratoM evaM dasa yati dharmoM ke antargata svIkAra karatI haiN| isI prakAra gItA meM jaina dharma ke dvArA mAnya chaha bAhya tapoM para vizeSa vicAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai| jaina mata meM svIkRta Abhyantara tapoM meM kevala svAdhyAya ko hI vahA~ tapa rUpa meM mAnA gayA hai| dhyAna aura kAyotsarga ko yoga ke rUpa meM, vaiyAvRtya ko lokasaMgraha, vinaya ko guNa rUpa tathA prAyazcitta ko zaraNAgati svarUpa svIkArA gayA hai| vaise jaina - paramparA kA tapa vargIkaraNa hindU-sAdhanA meM kisI na kisI rUpa meM avazya svIkRta rahA hai|

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224...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka ___bauddha-sAhitya meM svatantra rUpa se tapa kA koI vargIkaraNa upalabdha nahIM hotA hai yadyapi majjhimanikAya ke kandarakasutta meM eka vargIkaraNa dekhA jAtA hai jo manuSya kI zreSThatA evaM nikRSTatA ko ujAgara karatA hai| vaha caturvidha manuSya kI apekSA isa prakAra hai - 1. kucha mAnava Atma tapasvI haiM, parantu para tapI nahIM haiN| isa varga ke andara kaThora tapazcaryA karane vAle tapasvIgaNa Ate haiM, jo svayaM ko kaSTa dete haiN| lekina dUsare ko nhiiN| 2. kucha manuSya para-tapI haiM Atma-tapI nhiiN| isa varga meM badhika evaM pazubali dene vAle Ate haiM, jo dUsaroM ko hI kaSTa dete haiN| 3. tIsarI zreNI ke manuSya Atma-tapI bhI hote haiM aura para-tapI bhii| isa varga meM tapazcaryA sahita yajJa-yAjJa karane vAle loga Ate haiM jo svayaM bhI kaSTa uThAte haiM aura dUsare ko bhI kaSTa dete haiN| 4. cauthI zreNI ke manuSya na Atma-tapI hote haiM aura na hI para-tapI arthAt na to svayaM ko kaSTa dete haiM aura na auroM ko hI kaSTa dete haiN| buddha ne ukta catuH prakAroM meM se antima prakAra ko zreSTha mAnA hai| unhoMne isa sambandha meM upadeza dete hue kahA hai ki vahI tapa lAbhadAyI hai jisameM na to svapIr3ana ho aura na hI pr-piidd'n| jahA~ taka jaina vicAraNA kA prazna hai, vaha uparokta vargIkaraNa meM pahale aura cauthe ko svIkAra karegI aura kahegI ki yadi svayaM ke kaSTa uThAne se dUsaroM kA hita hotA ho aura hamArI mAnasika zuddhi hotI ho, to pahalA varga hI sarvazreSTha hai aura cauthA varga madhyama-mArga hai| yadi hama jaina dharma aura gItA meM varNita tapa ke vibhinna prabhedoM para vicAra karake dekheM, to unameM se adhikAMza bauddha-paramparA meM mAnya hai| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina ke anusandhAnAtmaka dRSTikoNa ke anusAra jaina-paramparA dvArA AcaraNIya tapa ke 12 prabhedoM meM se 11 bauddha-paramparA meM mAnya pratIta hote haiN| ___1. bauddha bhikSuoM ke lie ati bhojana varjita hai| sAtha hI kevala eka samaya bhojana karane kA Adeza hai jo jaina mata ke UnodarI tapa se milatA hai| gItA meM bhI yoga-sAdhanA ke lie ati bhojana varjita hai| 2. bauddha bhikSuoM ke lie rasAsakti kA niSedha hai jo jaina mata ke rasa parityAga ke samakakSa hai| 3. bauddha-sAdhanA meM vibhinna sukhAsanoM kI sAdhanA kA vidhAna milatA hai jo

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tapoyoga kA aitihAsika anuzIlana evaM tulanAtmaka adhyayana...225 jaina vicAraNA ke kAyakleza tapa ko spaSTa karatA hai| yadyapi bauddha-vicAraNA meM AsanoM kI sAdhanA evaM zIta-tApa sahana karane kI dhAraNA utanI kaThora nahIM hai jitanI jaina-paramparA meM hai| 4. bhikSAcaryA tapa, jaina aura bauddha donoM AcAra-praNAliyoM meM svIkRta hai, yadyapi bhikSA niyamoM kI kaThoratA jaina-sAdhanA meM adhika hai| ____5. vivikta zayanAsana tapa bhI bauddha vicAraNA meM svIkRta hai| bauddha granthoM meM araNyanivAsa, vRkSa mUla-nivAsa, zmazAna nivAsa karane vAle (jaina paribhASA ke anusAra vivikta zayanAsana tapa karane vAle) dhutaMga bhikSuoM kI prazaMsA kI gayI hai| pUrva kI bhA~ti Abhyantarika tapa ke chaha bheda bhI bauddha-paramparA meM mAnya rahe haiM jaise - 6. prAyazcitta, bauddha-paramparA aura vaidika-paramparA ubhaya meM svIkRta rahA hai| bauddha granthoM meM prAyazcitta ke lie pravAraNA Avazyaka mAnI gayI hai| 7. vinaya tapa ke sambandha meM donoM hI dharma paramparAe~ ekamata haiN| 8. jaina vicAraNA kI bhA~ti bauddha-paramparA meM bhI buddha, dharma, saMgha, rogI, vRddha evaM zikSArthI bhikSuka kI sevA kA vidhAna hai| 9. bauddha-paramparA meM svAdhyAya evaM usake vibhinna aMgoM kA vivecana bhI upalabdha hotA hai| buddha ne vAcanA, pRcchanA, parAvartanA evaM cintana ko samAna mahattva diyA hai| ___10. vyutsarga ke sambandha meM yadyapi buddha kA dRSTikoNa madhyamamArgI hai tathApi ve ise asvIkAra nahIM karate haiN| vyutsarga ke Antarika prakAra to bauddha-paramparA meM bhI usI prakAra svIkRta rahe haiM jisa prakAra ve jaina darzana meM haiN| ___11. dhyAna ke sambandha meM bauddha dRSTikoNa jaina-paramparA ke nikaTa hI AtA hai| vahA~ cAra prakAra ke dhyAna isa prakAra mAne gaye haiM - (i) savitarka-savicAra-vivekajanya prIti sukhAtmaka, prathama dhyaan| (ii) vitarka-vicAra rahita samAdhija prIti sukhAtmaka, dvitIya dhyaan| (iii) prIti aura virAga se upekSaka ho smRti aura samprajanya se yukta upekSA smRti sukha vihArI, tRtIya dhyaan| (iv) sukha-duHkha evaM saumanya-daurmanasya se rahita asukha-duHkhAtmaka upekSA

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226... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka evaM parizuddhi se yukta, caturtha dhyAna / isa prakAra cAroM dhyAna jaina - paramparA meM bhI thor3e zAbdika antara ke sAtha upasthita haiN| yoga - paramparA meM bhI samApatti ke cAra prakAra batalAye haiM jo ki jaina - paramparA ke samAna hI lagate haiN| ve caturvidha samApattiyA~ nimnAnusAra haiM (i) savitarkA, (ii) nirvitarkA, (iii) savicArA, (iv) nirvicArA / isa vivecanA se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki jaina - sAdhanA meM jisa samyak tapa kA vidhAna hai vaha anya bhAratIya AcAra darzanoM meM bhI sAmAnyatayA svIkRta rahA hai| jaina, bauddha aura gItA - ina trividha paramparAoM meM sarvAdhika mata vaibhinya upavAsa tapa yA anazana tapa ko lekara hai / bauddha aura hindU ke AcAra- darzana upavAsoM kI lambI tapasyA ko itanA mahattva nahIM dete jitanA ki jaina vicAraNA detI hai| isakA mUla kAraNa yaha hai ki ukta donoM paramparAoM ne tapa kI apekSA yoga ko adhika mahattva diyA hai yadyapi jaina darzana kI tapa sAdhanA yoga-sAdhanA se bhinna nahIM hai| pataJjali ne jisa aSTAMgayoga mArga kA upadeza diyA vaha kucha tathyoM ko chor3akara jaina- vicAraNA meM bhI upalabdha hai| sandarbha - sUcI 1. samadarzI haribhadra, pR. 67 2. vahI, pR. 67 3. vahI, pR. 67-68 5. gItA, 17, 14-16 6. vahI, 17, 17-19 7. jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke AcAradarzanoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana, bhA. 2, pR. 111 8. vahI, pR. 112-114

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adhyAya-7 upasaMhAra mAnava mAtra kA antima lakSya Atma zuddhi honA caahie| mokSArthI sAdhaka kI samasta kriyAoM kA mUla lakSya svarUpa dazA ko prApta karanA hI hotA hai| tapa isa lakSya kI pUrti kA zreSTha evaM utkRSTa sAdhana hai tathA nirvivAdataH usakA phala acintya aura asIma hai jaise - kalpavRkSa se manovAMchita kisI bhI vastu ko prApta kara sakate haiM, cintAmaNi ratna ke prabhAva se citta avadhArita sabhI saMkalpa pUrNa ho jAte haiM vaise hI tapa ke prabhAva se samagra icchAe~ phalIbhUta hotI haiN| isIlie tapa ko sarva sampattiyoM kI 'amarabela' kahA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne to yahA~ taka kaha diyA hai ki- "bhava koDI saMciyaM kammaM tavasA nijjarijjai" karor3oM bhavoM ke saMcita karma tapa se kSINa/ nirjarita ho jAte haiN| AgamavANI kA anusaraNa karate hue eka kavi ne tapa ko aura bhI adbhuta batalAyA hai ki- "karma nikAcita paNa kSaya jAye, kSamA sahita je karatAM" yadi tapasyA samatAbhAva pUrvaka kI jAye to usase nikAcita ( atyanta kliSTa) karma bhI naSTa ho jAte haiN| ukta kathana se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki ratnatraya kI ArAdhanA nikAcita (jina karmoM kA phala bhoganA hI par3atA hai ) karmoM ko sApha nahIM kara sakatI, kintu tapa-sAdhanA meM to aisI zakti hai ki vaha nikAcita karmoM kA bhI saphAyA kara detI hai| anyatra bhI kahA gayA hai ki "tapa kariye samatA rAkhI ghaTamAM " dila meM apAra aura vAstavika samatA bhAva rakhate hue tapa karanA caahie| isa taraha kA tapa nizcita hI nikAcita, anikAcita aura ardhanikAcita sabhI prakAra ke karmoM kA kSaya kara sakatA hai| isIlie ratnatrayI kI ArAdhanA bhI tapa ke binA adhUrI hai| darzana se zraddhA, jJAna se yathArtha jAnakArI, cAritra se karma kA saMvara yAnI ki karmabandha para aMkuza lagatA

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228...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka hai, kintu karmoM kI nirjarA (AtmA se karma samUha kA pRthak honA) tapa dvArA hI hotI hai| isIlie tattvArthasUtra meM kahA hai - "tapasA nirjarA ca" tapa se nirjarA hotI hai| caturvidha mokSamArga ko udAharaNa ke dvArA adhika spaSTa samajhA jA sakatA hai| kalpanA kIjie, eka bahuta bar3A haoNla hai, usakI sabhI khir3akiyA~ aura daravAje khule haiN| yadi usa samaya acAnaka tUphAnI havA yA A~dhI A jAye to kyA hogA? vaha haoNla dhUla se bhara jaayegaa| taba aisA samajhiye ki haoNla khulA hai aura AMdhI AI hai| isa taraha kI anubhUti karanA darzana hai| isa tUphAna se haoNla meM kacarA aura dhUla bhara rahI hai, yaha daravAje yA khir3akI ke khule hone se ho rahA hai, yaha samajhanA jJAna hai| usa vakta daravAje aura khir3akiyoM ko jaldI se banda kara denA cAritra hai| cAritra se karmoM kA AnA rukatA hai, kintu jo kacarA haoNla meM praveza kara cukA hai usako bAhara karane ke lie jhAr3a lagAnI hI pdd'egii| basa, ThIka vaise hI tapa bhI jhAr3a kI taraha andara ke kacare ko sApha karane kA kArya karatA hai| anAdikAla se jo pApa karma hamArI antara AtmA para lage hue haiM, jame hue haiM, unheM sApha karane ke lie tapa Avazyaka hai| yahA~ prazna hotA hai ki tapa kaisA ho? vAstavika tapa kauna sA hai? upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne navapada pUjA meM kahA hai ki icchA rodhe saMvarI, pariNati samatA yoge re / tapa te ehija AtamA, varte nija guNa bhoge re / / icchA kA nirodha karane vAlA, saMvara rUpa pariNati ko utpanna karane vAlA aura samatA yoga se pravartita hone vAlA tapa hI vAstavika tapa hai| isa prakAra kA tapa karane vAlI AtmA hI svayaM meM ramaNa karatI hai aura apane Atmika guNoM kA AsvAdana karatI hai| yadi tapa karate hue icchA kA nirodha na ho, adhyavasAya saMvara rUpa na ho aura samatva kI sthiti na ho to zAstroM meM batAyA gayA hai ki bar3Ibar3I tapazcaryA karane vAle bhI saMsAra meM bhaTaka jAte haiM tathA pratidina AhAra karane vAle kevalajJAna ko prApta kara lete haiN|

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upasaMhAra...229 jaina AgamoM meM kUragaDU muni kA dRSTAnta AtA hai| usa muni ke viSaya meM kahA gayA hai ki unheM hara roja subaha hote hI kSudhA - vedanIya bhayaMkara satAtI thii| eka bAra saMvatsarI kA dina AyA, unake sahavartI sabhI sAdhu dIrgha tapazcaryA kara rahe haiM, kisI ke mAsakSamaNa hai, kisI ke aTThAI hai, kisI ke telA hai aura Aja upavAsa to sabhI ne kiyA hI hai| saMvatsarI kA dina, khAne kA to prazna hI nahIM uThatA? paraMtu kuragaDU muni bhUkhe nahIM raha sakate the| unakA kUragaDU nAma isIlie par3A ki kUra yAnI cAvala aura gaDU yAnI ghar3A - pratidina eka ghar3A bharakara cAvala khAne ke kAraNa unheM kUragaDU kahate the| kUragaDU muni ne saMvatsarI ke dina bhI cAvala lAye, sAdhvAcAra ke niyamAnusAra vahA~ upasthita sarva sAdhuoM ko AhAra grahaNa karane kA nivedana kiyaa| usa vakta sabhI tapasvI sAdhuoM ne unakI nindA kI, kinhIM ne dhikkArate hue usa pAtra meM thUka diyA to kisI ne gaharI avamAnanA kI, kintu itanA saba hote hue bhI kUragaDU muni apane Atma- dhyAna meM lIna rhe| ve kisI ko doSI na ThaharAte hue apane ApakI nindA kara rahe the ki maiM kaisA pApI hU~? Aja mahAna parva ke dina bhI khAne kA moha chor3a nahIM sakA aura ye sabhI to kitane mahAna tapasvI ? calo, inhoMne thUka diyA to kyA ? acchA hI huA ghI nahIM DalavAyA thA, yaha tapasviyoM kA thUka ghI kA kAma kregaa| isa prakAra sahavartI tapasviyoM ke tapa kI prazaMsA aura Atma nindA karate hue usa muni ko khAte-khAte kevalajJAna ho gayA aura bar3e-bar3e jJAnI, dhyAnI, tapasvI saba dekhate raha gaye / jaina zAsana kI yahI viziSTatA hai ki yahA~ khAte-khAte bhI pA jAte haiM aura tapa karate-karate bhI raha jAte haiN| ThIka isake viparIta zAstroM meM tAmalI tApasa kA udAharaNa AtA hai ki usane 60 hajAra varSa taka ghora tapa kiyA, chaTTha ke pAraNe chaTTha (belA) aura pAraNe meM 21 bAra dhoe hue cAvala AyaMbila ke rUpa meM lete the| aisA kaThora tapa karane para bhI usa tApasa kA kalyANa nahIM huaa| ataH tapa samyak evaM zuddha Azaya vAlA honA caahie| eka yuvaka ne prazna pUchA tapa se kyA hotA hai ? javAba diyAtapa se kyA nahIM hotA hai? tapa dharma ke sevana se saba kucha ho sakatA

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230...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka hai| usa yuvA ne dUsarA prazna pUchA - tapa meM kyA hai ? uttara diyA - tapa meM kyA nahIM hai? yadi hamArI zraddhA ho to tapa meM saba kucha hai| usane punaH prazna kiyA - tapa kyA detA hai? isake samAdhAna meM kahA gayA ki tapa se saba kucha milatA hai| tapa nara sukha, sura sukha aura ziva sukha tInoM hI upalabdha karavAtA hai| jaba taka AtmA kA mokSa nahIM hotA, taba taka manuSyaloka aura devaloka ke samasta sukha Apake kadamoM meM rahate haiN| isakA anubandha (Agreement) tapa dvArA milatA hai| udayaratnajI mahArAja tapa pada kI sajjhAya meM kahate haiM - tIrthaGkara pada pAmIye re, nAse saghalA rog| rUpa lIlA sukha sAhibI re, e savi tapa saMjoga / / saMsAra se jaba taka mokSa nahIM hotA taba taka bhautika sabhI sukhoM kI prApti tapa se hI hotI hai jaise ki tIrthaGkara pada (sarvotkRSTa puNya bhoga) kI prApti hotI hai, sabhI rogoM kA nAza hotA hai, saundarya Adi sukha bar3hate jAte haiN| isase bhI adhika kaheM to "labdhi aTThAvIsa upaje re, manavAMchita phala thAya" tapa kI ArAdhanA se aTThAIsa prakAra kI labdhiyA~ utpanna hotI haiM tathA manovAMchita phalIbhUta hote haiN| itanA hI nahIM, tapa ke prabhAva se devI-devatA bhI AkarSita hokara pRthvIloka para cale Ate haiN| sAmAnya rUpa se jaina-AgamoM meM sAdhanA kA trividha-mArga pratipAdita hai, lekina uttarAdhyayanasUtra (28/23,35) evaM darzanapAhuDa (32) meM eka jagaha caturvidha mArga kA bhI varNana milatA hai| sAdhanA kA cauthA aMga 'samyak tapa' kahA gayA hai jaise gItA meM jJAnayoga, karmayoga, bhaktiyoga ke sAtha-sAtha dhyAnayoga kA bhI nirUpaNa hai vaise hI jaina-paramparA meM samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana aura samyakcAritra ke sAtha-sAtha samyak tapa kA bhI ullekha hai| paravartI paramparAoM meM dhyAnayoga kA antarbhAva karmayoga meM aura samyak tapa kA antarbhAva samyakcAritra meM ho gyaa| yadyapi prAcIna yuga meM jaina-paramparA meM samyak tapa kA, bauddha-paramparA meM samAdhi mArga kA tathA gItA meM dhyAnayoga kA svatantra sthAna rahA hai|

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upasaMhAra...231 tIrthaGkara paramAtmA ne jagata ke prANimAtra ke hitArtha cAra prakAra ke dharma kA upadeza diyA hai dAna, zIla, tapa aura bhAvanA / isakA tAtparya hai ki jitane bhI tIrthaGkara puruSa hue haiM sabhI ne dharma kA sAmAnya svarUpa dAna, zIla, tapa aura bhAvanA - aise cAra prakAra kA hI varNita kiyA hai| yahA~ 'dAna' zabda se abhayadAna, jJAnadAna, supAtradAna aura anukampAdAna kA upadeza kiyaa| 'zIla' zabda se virati, vrata, niyama, pratyAkhyAna yA saMyama kI dezanA dii| 'tapa' zabda se zarIra, mana aura AtmA kI zuddhi karane vAlI vividha kriyAoM kA vidhAna kiyA aura 'bhAva' zabda se caitasika pariNAmoM ko car3hate hue rakhane kA anurodha kiyaa| isa prakAra dharma ke mukhya aMgoM meM tapa ko viziSTa sthAna prApta hai| mokSamArga kA nirUpaNa karate samaya bhI jaina maharSiyoM ne tapa kA khAsa nirdeza kiyA hai| jaise ki nANaM ca daMsaNaM ceva, carittaM ca tavo tahA / payamaggamaNupattA, jIvA gacchanti soggaiM / / isa mArga ko prApta hue jIva mokSa jJAna, darzana, cAritra aura tapa meM jAte haiN| - isa kathana kA tAtparya yaha hai ki sabase pahale mumukSu ko jIva ajIva Adi tattvoM kA jJAna honA cAhie, phira tattvoM para pUrNa zraddhA honI cAhie, phira cAritra arthAt vItarAga prApti ke lie puruSArtha karanA cAhie aura anta meM icchA nirodha rUpa tapa bhI karanA caahie| usa sthiti meM hI sAdhaka mokSa kI prApti kara sakatA hai| jaina dharma meM navapada ArAdhanA ko atyadhika mahattva prApta hai usake nimitta caitra aura Azvina mahIne meM nau-nau dina paryanta AyaMbila kI tapasyA kI jAtI hai| isa navapada meM nimna padoM kA antarbhAva hotA hai 1. arihanta, 2. siddha, 3. AcArya, 4. upAdhyAya, 5 sAdhu, 6. darzana, 7. jJAna, 8. cAritra aura 9. tp| tAtparya hai ki nava ArAdhya padoM meM tapa ko viziSTa sthAna diyA gayA hai| jaina dharma yaha mAnatA hai ki jo AtmA bIsa sthAnoM se sambandhita eka

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232...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka yA adhika sthAnoM kA samucita rUpa se sparza karatA hai vaha tIrthaGkara gotra bAMdhatA hai aura bhaviSya meM nizcita rUpa se tIrthaGkara banatA hai| ina bIsasthAnaka padoM meM bhI tapa ke darzana hote haiN| bIsa padoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM1. arihanta pada 2. siddha pada 3. pravacana pada 4. AcArya pada 5. sthavira pada 6. upAdhyAya pada 7. sAdhu pada 8. jJAna pada 9. darzana pada / 10. vinaya pada 11. cAritra pada 12. brahmacarya pada 13. kriyA pada 14. tapa pada 15. gautama pada 16. jina pada 17. saMyama pada 18. abhinava jJAna 19. zruta pada 20. tIrtha pd| isameM tapa pada kI olI upavAsa ke pAraNe AyaMbila karate hue kI jAtI hai| pratyeka parva kA udyApana tapa dvArA hI kiyA jAtA hai| isase yaha nirNIta hai ki jaina dharma meM tapa kA sthAna atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai| ____ yadi tapoyoga kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana kareM to niHsandeha kahA jA sakatA hai ki yaha sAdhanA bhAratIya saMskRti kI sabhI paramparAoM meM kisI na kisI rUpa meM Aja bhI parilakSita hotI hai| kaI ArAmavAdI evaM AhAra lolupI yaha tarka dete haiM ki jindagI milI hai to "khAo-pIyo, aiza karo" tapa-tyAga karane se kyA milegA? yadi vaijJAnika dRSTikoNa se vicAra kareM to tapa manuSya ke lie atyanta Avazyaka hai| yaha icchAoM ko vaza karane kA sarvazreSTha upAya hai| tapa kA abhiprAya mAtra bhojana niyantraNa hI nahIM, apitu zArIrika, mAnasika evaM vAcika niyantraNa se hai aura ina para niyantraNa karane se anupama mAnasika zAnti kI upalabdhi hotI hai| AhAra kA sarvAdhika prabhAva hamAre mana para par3atA hai ata: AhAra saMyama ke hetu se tapa karane para mAtra mana hI nahIM, zarIra bhI svastha rahatA hai| vaijJAnika zodhoM ke anusAra zarIra ke sabhI aMgoM meM prANa UrjA kA pravAha pratyeka samaya eka samAna nahIM rahatA, ata: pratyeka samaya zarIra se

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upasaMhAra...233 kiye gaye hara kArya kI lAbha-hAni eka sI nahIM rahatI, jaise- bhojana kA pAcana Adi kArya dina ke samaya meM jitanA acche se hotA hai rAtri meM adhika zakti kA vyaya hokara bhI utanA zArIrika lAbha prApta nahIM hotaa| upavAsa karane se zArIrika pratirodhAtmaka zakti (Emunity) kA jAgaraNa hotA hai| isase phegosAivsa aura limphosAiTsa kI kSamatA meM vRddhi hotI hai jo ki roga pratirodhAtmaka zakti ke rUpa meM vijAtIya tattvoM kA pratikAra karate haiN| isase vRddhAvasthA bhI jaldI nahIM aatii| jisa prakAra pUrA saptAha kAma karane ke bAda ravivAra ko avakAza Avazyaka pratIta hotA hai jisase eka dina ArAma mila sake tathA apUrNa kArya pUrNa kiye jA sakeM, vaise hI saptAha meM eka dina upavAsa karane se pAcana tantra sambandhI rogoM para niyantraNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| usase pAcana tantra kI saphAI evaM rakta kI zuddhi ho jAtI hai| AhAra jahA~ zarIra ko Avazyaka UrjA evaM garmI pradAna karatA hai vahIM upavAsa zarIra ko Arogya aura zuddhi detA hai| ekAsanA, UnodarI Adi tapa karane para arthAt bhUkha se kama AhAra karane para Ayu meM vRddhi hotI hai, zarIra svastha rahatA hai tathA zarIra meM vRddhAvasthA ke lakSaNa jaldI nahIM Ate, kyoMki bhUkha se kama khAne se zarIra meM ekatrita glAikosAyalezana eNDa proDakTa nAmaka rasAyana jo ki adhika ekatrita hone para zarIra kI kArya kSamatA ko kama kara detA hai usakA upayoga ho jAtA hai| kAyakleza, pratisaMlInatA, rasa parityAga se indriyA~ vaza meM rahatI haiM aura zArIrika UrjA kA anAvazyaka apavyaya nahIM hotA / zarIra ko vikRta karane vAle madhu, mAMsa, makkhana aura madirA ina cAra kA pUrNa tyAga tathA dUdha, dahI, ghI, tela Adi kA AMzika tyAga kara AyaMbila Adi tapa karane se rogoM para niyantraNa, rakta evaM pAcana vRddhi tathA moTApA, madhumeha Adi niyantrita hote haiN| Abhyantara tapa ke mAdhyama se ahaMkAra, aviveka, asajagatA, pramAda ko kama kara krodha Adi kaSAyoM ko niyantrita kiyA jA sakatA hai jisase granthiyoM ke srAva santulita hote haiM tathA prazAnta bhAvoM kI jAgRti hotI hai| phalasvarUpa mana evaM dimAga zAnta rahatA hai, jisase zArIrika UrjA evaM

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234...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka samaya kA sRjanAtmaka kAryoM meM upayoga ho sakatA hai| yadi prabandhana ke dRSTikoNa se tapa kI samIkSA kareM to tapa ke dvArA jIvana prabandhana, sva prabandhana, kaSAya prabandhana, zarIra prabandhana, samAja prabandhana Adi kaI kAryoM meM vizeSa sahAyatA prApta hotI hai| bAhya tapa vizeSa rUpa se zarIra prabandhana, sva prabandhana, samAja prabandhana meM nimittabhUta hai| jaise ki upavAsa, UnodarI, rasa parityAga Adi ke mAdhyama se AhAra vRtti para niyantraNa rahatA hai| isake kAraNa zarIra santulita evaM rogamukta rahatA hai| sAtvika AhAra karane se mana ke pariNAma bhI zuddha banate haiM jisase krodhAdi kaSAya niyantrita rahate haiN| zArIrika aura mAnasika svasthatA jIvana ke sarvAGgINa vikAsa meM sahAyaka banatI hai| kAyakleza, pratisaMlInatA, vRtti saMkSepa se pratikUla paristhiti meM rahane kA abhyAsa sadhatA hai| adhyayana, vyApAra, naukarI Adi ke nimitta bAhara rahate hue viparIta paristhitiyA~ nirmita ho jAe~ to bhI vyakti unameM saphalatA prApta kara letA hai| yadi samAja vyavasthA kA cintana kareM to AhAra ke prati Asakti nahIM hogI aura Asakti nahIM hogI to usakA anAvazyaka saMcaya bhI nahIM hogaa| ataH samAja meM khAdyAnna sAmagrI kI avyavasthA rUpa asantulana santulita ho jAtA hai| isI taraha Abhyantara tapa prAyazcitta ke dvArA vyakti ko apane doSoM kA, durguNoM kA ehasAsa hotA hai jisase vaha jIvana ko doSa mukta banAne kA prayAsa karatA hai| vinaya evaM vaiyAvRtya ke dvArA samAja meM sevA, sauhArda, mela-jola, ApasI tAlamela Adi meM vRddhi hotI hai jisase sAmAjika vyavasthAoM kA nirvAha samyak prakAra se hotA hai| svAdhyAya ke mAdhyama se sadajJAna kA vikAsa evaM AdAna-pradAna hone se sAMskRtika mUlyoM kI punarsthApanA hotI hai| dhyAna evaM kAyotsarga kI sAdhanA se mana,vANI evaM kAya tInoM kI ekAgratA sadhatI hai, tanAva se mukti milatI hai tathA kaI mAnasika evaM zArIrika rogoM kA upazamana svayameva ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra hama kaha sakate haiM ki tapa santulana evaM vyavasthA kA pramukha sUtra hai tathA pratyeka prakAra ke prabandhana meM sahayogI hai| yadi tapa kI samIkSA vartamAna jagat kI samasyAoM ke sandarbha meM kI jAya to tapa ke mAdhyama se kaI samasyAoM kA samAdhAna prApta ho sakatA

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upasaMhAra...235 hai| vaiyaktika samasyAoM meM mukhya rUpa se zarIra sambandhI samasyAe~ jaise ki moTApA, pAcana tantra kI gar3abar3I se udbhUta samasyAe~, anidrA, atinidrA, madhumeha, hRdaya Adi kaI bImAriyoM kA niyantraNa, vigaya tyAga, anazana, UnodarI ke mAdhyama se kiyA jA sakatA hai| samabhAva evaM svaramaNatA se pArivArika, sAmAjika, sAmpradAyika kleza utpanna nahIM hote| samAja evaM parivAra meM sukha, zAnti aura sauhArda kI sthApanA hotI hai jisase samAja evaM rASTra uttarottara pragati karate haiN| samAja meM vyApta AhAra-sambandhI samasyAe~ jaise ki bhUkhamarI, ati AhAra, viSAkta AhAra ke kAraNa bar3hate roga evaM mRtyudara ko kama kiyA jA sakatA hai| pAzcAtya anukaraNa ke kAraNa caTapaTe bhojana yA tvarita bhojana (Fast Food) meM bar3ha rahI Asakti ko niyantrita kiyA jA sakatA hai| samAja meM bar3ha rahe aparAdhoM para prAyazcitta ke dvArA Atma jAgRti prakaTa kara unheM kama kara sakate haiN| bar3hate mahilAzrama, vRddhAzrama, vidhavAzrama evaM anAthAzramoM ko rokane hetu vartamAna pIr3hI meM vinaya, vaiyAvacca, sevA Adi ke saMskAroM kA nirmANa Avazyaka hai| Aja vyakti jJAna ke kSetra meM vikAsa to kara rahA hai para vaha mAtra eka taraphA vikAsa hai jisake kAraNa svArthavRtti, ahaMkAra, AgrahavAda Adi meM vRddhi ho rahI hai| svAdhyAya ke dvArA sadjJAna kA vikAsa kara jIvana ko eka sahI dizA evaM dazA pradAna kI jA sakatI hai| isa prakAra aneka samasyAoM ke samAdhAna meM tapa bahuta sahAyaka ho sakatA hai|

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kra. grantha kA nAma 1. abhidhAna cintAmaNi koza 2. abhidhAnarAjendrakoza (bhA.4) 3. antakRtadazAMgasUtra 4. anuttaropapAtikasUtra 5. atharvaveda saMhitA 6. aSTakaprakaraNa sahAyaka grantha sUcI 7. AcArasAra 9. AcArAMganiryukti (niryukti-saMgraha) 10. Avazyakaniryukti lekhaka/saMpAdaka prakAzaka saMpA. vijayakastUrasUri sarasvatI pustaka bhaMDAra, ahamadAbAda | AcArya rAjendrasUri saMpA. madhukaramuni saMpA. madhukaramuni agnimaharSi abhidhAna rAjendra koSa prakAzana saMsthA, ahamadAbAda Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara hariyANA sAhitya saMsthAna vi.saM. | gurukula jhajjara, rohataka 2043 saMpA. DaoN. sAgaramala jaina pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, banArasa 2000 vIranandI saiddhAntika cakravartI 8. AcArAMgasUtra (bhA.1-2) saMpA. madhukaramuni saMpA. madhukaramuni Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara varSa vi.saM. 2013 mANakacandra di. jaina graMthamAlA, bambaI 1986 1990 1981 vi.saM. 1974 Agama prakAzana samiti, 1980 byAvara AcArya bhadrabAhu svAmI harSapuSpAmRta jaina graMthamAlA, 1989 jAmanagara vi.saM. zrI bherulAla kanaiyAlAla koThArI dhArmika TrasTa, muMbaI 2038

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lekhaka/saMpAdaka 11. Avazyaka hAribhadrIyA devacandra lAlabhAI vRtti (bhA. 1-2) kra. grantha kA nAma 12. Avazyaka malayagirivRtti 13. Avazyaka cUrNi (T.1-2) 14. uttarAdhyayanasUtra 15. uttarAdhyayana zAntyAcArya bRhadvRtti 16. upAsakAdhyayana 17. RgvedasaMhitA 18. oghaniyuki 19. oghaniyukti bhASya 20. oghaniyukti vRtti 21. aupapAtikasUtra saMpA. madhukaramuni - saMpA. madhukaramuni sahAyaka grantha sUcI ... 237 varSa vi.saM. zrI bherulAla kanhaiyAlAla koThArI dhArmika TrasTa, muMbaI 2038 Agamodaya samiti, bambaI 1928 22. aMguttaranikAya (1-3) anu. AnaMda kauzalyAyana prakAzaka RSabhadevajI kesarImalajI zvetAmbara saMsthA, ratalAma Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara | jaina pustakoddhAra bhANDAgAra vi.saM. saMsthA, bambaI 1973 AcArya somadevasUri bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI 1964 agnimaharSi hariyANA sAhitya saMsthAna vi.saM. gurukula jhajjara, rohataka 2041 Agamodaya samiti, muMbaI 1919 Agamodaya samiti, muMbaI 1919 Agamodaya samiti, muMbaI 1919 Agama prakAzana samiti, 1982 byAvara mahAbodhi sabhA, 1928 -29 kolakAtA 1985

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238... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka lekhaka/saMpAdaka kra. grantha kA nAma 23. kalpasUtra (hindI) 24. gopatha brAhmaNa-bhASyam kSemakaraNadAsa trivedI saMpA. DaoN. prajJA devI | racita cAmuNDarAya 25. cAritrasAra 26. candraprajJaptisUtra 27. jambUdvIpaprajJapti anu. devendra muni saMpA. madhukaramuni saMpA. madhukaramuni 28. jambUdvIpaprajJapti vRtti saMpA. zAnticandra 29. jinaguNa svAdhyAya (vItarAgastotra) tulanAtmaka adhyayana (bhA. 1-2) 30. jaina AcAra siddhAnta devendramuni zAstrI aura svarUpa 31. jaina dharma meM tapa svarUpa muni mizrImalajI aura vizleSaNa saMpA. zrIcandra surAnA 'sarasa' 32. jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke DaoN. sAgaramala jaina AcAra darzanoM kA prakAzaka tAraka guru jaina graMthAlaya, udayapura caukhambhA vidyAbhavana, vArANasI mANakacandra digambara jaina granthamAlA, , bambaI Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara saMpA. razmiratnavijaya jinaguNa ArAdhaka TrasTa, muMbaI Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara varSa zrI tAraka guru jaina graMthAlaya, udayapura 1968 1977 1974 1995 | jaina pustakoddhAra phaMDa, bambaI 1920 1986 1982 zrI marUdhara kesarI sAhitya 1972 prakAzana samiti, jodhapura prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI, 1982 jayapura

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sahAyaka grantha sUcI...239 kra.| grantha kA nAma / lekhaka/saMpAdaka prakAzaka varSa | 33. tattvArthasUtra 1976 paM. sukhalAla saMghavI pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna, vArANasI | 34. tattvArthavArtika (1-2) AcArya akalaMkadeva bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI 1953 saMpA. mahendra kumAra jaina 1957 | 35. tattvArtha zlokavArtika AcArya vidyAnaMda nirNayasAgara yaMtrAlaya, baMbaI |1918 | 36. tiloya paNNatI |yati vRSabhAcArya anu. paM. bAlacandra siddhAMta zAstrI jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, 1956 solApura | 37.| triSaSTizalAkApuruSa caritra (1,10) AcArya hemacandrasUri |jaina dharma prasAraka sabhA, bhAvanagara vi.saM. 1961 1965 38. tattvasAra zrI devasena mANakacanda digambara jaina vi.saM. graMthamAlA, bambaI 1975 guja. mudraNa yaMtrAlaya, muMbaI |1914 | 39. taitirIyopaniSadbhASyam |saMpA. dinakara viSNu gokhale maNilAla icchArAma desAI | 40. taittirIya brAhmaNam(bhA.2) sAyaNAcArya 1938 AnandAzrama saMskRta granthAvalI 41. dazavaikAlikasUtra saMpA. madhukaramuni |Agama prakAzana samiti, 1985 byAvara

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240...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka kra.| grantha kA nAma | lekhaka/saMpAdaka prakAzaka varSa 42. dazavaikAlika vRtti AcArya haribhadra jaina pustakoddhAra phaMDa,baMbaI |1918 43. dazavaikAlika niyukti prAkRta TeksTa sosAyaTI, 1973 ahamadAbAda 44. dazavaikAlika cUrNi jinadAsagaNi RSabhadeva kezarImala zvetA. |1933 saMsthA, ratalAma 45. dazavaikAlikacUrNi agastyasiMha prAkRta TeksTa sosAyaTI, 1973 ahamadAbAda saMpA. madhukaramuni Agama prakAzana samiti, 1992 46. dazAzrutaskaMdha (trINi chedasUtrANi) byAvara 47. dvAdazAnuprekSA kundakundAcArya mANakacandra digambara jaina vi.saM. granthamAlA, bambaI 1987 48. dharmasaMgraha svoprajJa vRtti | muni mAnavijaya zrI jinazAsana ArAdhanA |1984 | yukta (bhA.3) saMpA. muni candravijaya | TrasTa, bhUlezvara, mumbaI 49. dharmaratnaprakaraNa zAMtisari racita jaina AtmAnaMda sabhA, bhAvanagara vi.saM. |1982 50. dhammapada 1957 anu. rAhula sAMskRtyAyana |bhikSu ga. prajJAnanda buddha vihAra, lakhanaU 51. nizIthacUrNi (bhA. 1-4) sanmati jJAnapITha, AgarA |1982|

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kra. grantha kA nAma 52. nItivAkyAmRta 53. padmanandi - paMcaviMzati 54. pAtaMjalayogadarzana 56. pravacanasAroddhAra (bhA. 1-2) 57. pravacanasAra vRtti lekhaka/saMpAdaka 59. bRhatkalpasUtra (trINi chedasUtrANi) somadevasUri 60. bRhatkalpabhASya (bhA. 1-2) 61. manusmRti padmanandI muni saMpA. DaoN. rAmazaMkara bhaTTAcArya sahAyaka grantha sUcI ... 241 varSa 55. piNDaniryukti malayagiri devacandra lAlabhAI jaina pustakoddhAra phaMDa sUrata vRtti prakAzaka | mANakacandra digambara jaina granthamAlA, bambaI saMpA. madhukara muni jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, 1962 solApura | motIlAla banArasIdAsa, banArasa AcArya nemicandrasUri prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI, anu. sAdhvI hemaprabhA zrI jayapura jayasenAcArya 58. pravacanasAroddhAra vRtti AcArya siddhasenasUri jIvanacanda sAkaracanda javerI, bambaI paramazruta prabhAvaka maMDala, bambaI Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara vi.saM. 1979 paM. gopAlazAstrI nene caukhambA saMskRta sIrija Aphisa, vArANasI 1953 1919 2000 vi.saM. 1969 1926 1992 saMpA. muni dulaharAja jaina vizvabhAratI, lADanUM 2007 1970

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242...tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka grantha kA nAma | lekhaka/saMpAdaka | prakAzaka varSa vi.saM. 62. mahAbhArata (Adi parva) anu. paM. rAmanArayaNa |gItA presa, gorakhapura datta zAstrI |2012 63. muNDakopaniSad gItA presa, gorakhapura vi.saM. 2016 64. mUlAcAra TIkA- saMpA. paM. kailAzacandra | bhAratIya jJAnapITha,naI dillI|1992 vasunandikRta AcAravRtti zAstrI sahita 65. bhagavatIsUtra (bhA.1) TIkA. abhayadevasUri nirNaya sAgara presa, muMbaI vi.saM. 1974 aparAjita sUri 66. bhagavatI ArAdhanA (vijayodayA TIkA) balAtkArajaina pablikezana 1935 sosAyaTI, kAraMjA 67. bhagavatI ArAdhanA zivakoTi AcArya / balAtkAra jaina pablikezana |1935 sosAyaTI, kAraMjA 68. yogazAstra TIkA saMpA. muni jambUvijaya zaMkhezvara tIrtha vi.saM |2032 69. yogazAstravivaraNa hemacandrAcArya 1926 jaina dharma prasAraka sabhA, | bhAvanagara 70./ yogavAsiSThaH (bhA.2) anu. DaoN. mahAprabhulAla tArA buka ejeMsI, banArasa |1989 gosvAmI

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sahAyaka grantha sUcI...243 kra.| grantha kA nAma | lekhaka/saMpAdaka prakAzaka varSa 1956 | 71/ vizuddhimArga (bhA. 1) |A.buddhaghoSa, anu.bhikSu mahobodhi sabhA dharmarakSita | 72| viduranIti vidurAcArya | gujarAtI yaMtrAlaya, mumbaI |1890/ | 73/ vizeSAvazyaka bhASya divya darzana kAryAlaya, ahamadAbAda vi.saM. 12489 | 74, vyavahArabhASya saMpA.samaNI kusumaprajJA jaina vizva bhAratI, lADanUM |1996 75/ vyAkhyAprajJapti |saMpA. madhukaramuni (bhagavatIsUtra-khaMDa-1-4 | Agama prakAzana samiti, |1982 byAvara |-86 | 76, zatapatha brahmaNam(bhA.2)| | sAyaNAcArya viracita, nAga |1990 prakAzaka, dillI 77, sarvArthasiddhi 1999 pUjyapAda, anu. bhAratIya jJAnapITha, naI paM. phUlacandra zAstrI | dillI | 78, samavAyAMgasUtra saMpA. madhukaramuni Agama prakAzana samiti, 1990 byAvara | 79/ samavAyAMga vRtti abhayadevasUri jhaveracandra The. bhaTTInIvArI, |1938 | ahamadAbAda | 80 sthAnAMgasUtra saMpA. madhukaramuni | Agama prakAzana samiti, 1991 byAvara

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244... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka lekhaka/saMpAdaka varSa | Agamodaya samiti, mumbaI vi.sa. 1975 kra. grantha kA nAma 81. sthAnAMga vRtti 82. suttanipAta anu. bhikSu dharmaratna 83. sUtrakRtAMgasUtra (bhA. 1) saMpA. madhukara muni 84. sUtrakRtAMga (khaMDa-3) 85. SaTkhaMDAgama TIkA (dhavalA) 86. kSatra cUr3AmaNi 87. jJAnasAra 88. jJAnArNava abhayadevasUri 89. jJAtAdharmakathAsUtra | zIlAMkAcArya vRtti. saMpA. paM. ambikAdatta ojhA | vIrasenAcArya vAdIbhasiMha sUri prakAzaka anu. pannAlAla bAkalIvAla saMpA. madhukaramuni mahobodhi, sabhA, banArasa Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara | jaina sAhityoddhAraka phaMDa, amarAvatI zrI mahAvIra jaina jJAnodaya vi.saM. sosAiTI, rAjakoTa 1995 1950 1982 zrImad rAjacaMdra Azrama, agAsa TI. esa. kuppUsvAmI zAstrI, 1903 taMjora upAdhyAya yazovijaya AtmAnanda sabhA, bhAvanagara vi.saM. 1671 Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara 1939 -58 1981 1981

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nAma sadupayoga sadupayoga sajjanamaNi granthamAlA dvArA prakAzita sAhitya kA saMkSipta sUcI patra kra. le./saMpA./anu. mUlya 1. sajjana jina vandana vidhi sAdhvI zaziprabhAzrI 2. sajjana sadjJAna pravezikA sAdhvI zaziprabhAzrI sadupayoga sajjana pUjAmRta (pUjA saMgraha) sAdhvI zaziprabhAzrI sadupayoga 4. sajjana vaMdanAmRta (navapada ArAdhanA vidhi) sAdhvI zaziprabhAzrI sadupayoga 5. sajjana arcanAmRta (bIsasthAnaka tapa vidhi) sAdhvI zaziprabhAzrI sadupayoga sajjana ArAdhanAmRta (navvANu yAtrA vidhi) sAdhvI zaziprabhAzrI sadupayoga 7. sajjana jJAna vidhi sAdhvI priyadarzanAzrI sadupayoga sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI sadupayoga 8. paMca pratikramaNa sUtra sAdhvI zaziprabhAzrI 9. tapa se sajjana bane vicakSaNa sAdhvI maNiprabhAzrI sadupayoga (cAturmAsika parva evaM tapa ArAdhanA vidhi) sAdhvI zaziprabhAzrI sadupayoga maNimaMthana sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI sadupayoga 11. sajjana sadjJAna sudhA sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI sadupayoga caubIsa tIrthaMkara caritra (aprApya) sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI sadupayoga sajjana gIta guMjana (aprApya) sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI sadupayoga 14. darpaNa vizeSAMka sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI sadupayoga vidhimArgaprapA (sAnuvAda) sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI sadupayoga 16. jaina vidhi-vidhAnoM ke tulanAtmaka evaM sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI 50.00 samIkSAtmaka adhyayana kA zodha prabandha saar| 17. jaina vidhi vidhAna sambandhI sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI 200.00 sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa 18. jaina gRhastha ke solaha saMskAroM sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI 100.00 kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana

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246... tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana AgamoM se aba taka jaina gRhastha ke vratAropaNa sambandhI sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI saMskAroM kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana jaina muni ke vratAropaNa sambandhI vidhi-vidhAnoM kI traikAlika upayogitA, navyayuga ke saMdarbha meM jaina muni kI AcAra saMhitA kA sarvAGgINa adhyayana jaina muni kI AhAra saMhitA kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana padArohaNa sambandhI vidhiyoM kI maulikatA, Adhunika pariprekSya meM Agama adhyayana kI maulika vidhi kA zAstrIya anuzIlana tapa sAdhanA vidhi kA prAsaMgika anuzIlana, AgamoM se aba taka prAyazcitta vidhi kA zAstrIya paryavekSaNa vyAvahArika evaM AdhyAtmika mUlyoM ke saMdarbha meM 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. SaDAvazyaka kI upAdeyatA, bhautika evaM AdhyAtmika saMdarbha meM pratikramaNa, eka rahasyamayI yoga sAdhanA pUjA vidhi ke rahasyoM kI mUlyavattA, manovijJAna evaM adhyAtma ke saMdarbha meM pratiSThA vidhi kA maulika vivecana Adhunika saMdarbha meM mudrA yoga eka anusaMdhAna saMskRti ke Aloka meM sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI 150.00 100.00 150.00 100.00 100.00 150.00 100.00 100.00 150.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 50.00

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247...sajjanamaNi granthamAlA dvArA prakAzita sAhitya kA saMkSipta sUcI patra sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI sAdhvI saumyaguNAzrI 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 8888888 37. Adhunika cikitsA meM mudrA prayoga kyoM, kaba aura kaise ? 38. nATya mudrAoM kA manovaijJAnika anuzIlana jaina mudrA Adhunika samIkSA hindU mudrAoM kI upayogitA, cikitsA evaM sAdhanA ke saMdarbha meM bauddha paramparA meM pracalita mudrAoM kA rahasyAtmaka parizIlana yaugika mudrAe~, mAnasika zAnti kA eka saphala prayoga 39. yoga kI vaijJAnika evaM sajjana tapa pravezikA zaMkA navi citta dharie 100.00 100.00 100.00 150.00 50.00 50.00 100.00 50.00

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MBEDERARMIRRORRRRRRRRAPPEEDBANGEROBORRERamarPORORRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRORERESERRORRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRROR vidhi saMzodhikA kA aNu paricaya 202E MEDERIODERN202ORREJERRIC20202030202020NEEDER202 2 22 ESECRECORRESPOOR MEROER DaoN. sAdhvI saumyaguNA zrIjI (D.Lit.) nAma : nAraMgI urpha nizA mAtA-pitA : vimalAdevI kesarIcaMda chAjeDa janma : zrAvaNa vadi aSTamI, san 1971 gar3ha sivAnA dIkSA : vaizAkha sudI chaTTha, san 1983, gar3ha sivAnA dIkSA nAma : saumyaguNA zrI dIkSA guru : pravartinI mahodayA pa. pU. sajjanamaNi zrIjI ma. sA. zikSA guru :: saMgharalA pa. pU. zaziprabhA zrIjI ma. sA. adhyayana : jaina darzana meM AcArya, vidhimArgaprapA grantha para Ph.D. kalpasUtra, uttarAdhyayana sUtra, naMdIsUtra Adi Agama kaMThastha, hindI, saMskRta, prAkRta, gujarAtI, rAjasthAnI bhASAoM kA samyak jJAna / racita, anuvAdita : tIrthaMkara caritra, sadjJAnasudhA, maNimaMthana, anuvAda-vidhimArgaprapA, paryuSaNa evaM sampAdita pravacana, tatvajJAna pravezikA, sajjana gIta guMjana (bhAga : 1-2) sAhitya vicaraNa : rAjasthAna, gujarAta, baMgAla, bihAra, madhyapradeza, uttara pradeza, karnATaka, tamilanADu, thalIpradeza, AMdhrapradeza, chattIsagar3ha, jhArakhaNDa, mahArASTra, mAlavA, mevaadd'| viziSTatA : saumya svabhAvI, mitabhASI, kokila kaMThI, sarasvatI kI kRpApAtrI, svAdhyAya nimagnA, guru nishraart| tapArAdhanA : zreNItapa, mAsakSamaNa, cattAri aTTa dasa doya, gyAraha, aTThAI bIsasthAnaka, navapada olI, vardhamAna olI, pakhavAsA, Der3ha mAsI, do mAsI Adi aneka tp| ) RECEORATORRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRORDECERARMERamanaBESEDERATOR

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sajjana ciMtana razmiyA~ tapa kA zAstrIya svarUpa evaM tAttvika paribhASAeM? * tapa karane kA adhikArI kauna? * bAhya tapa zreSTha yA Abhyantara tapa? tapa aMtarAya karma kA udaya hai yA udIraNA? sabhI tIrthakaroM ke zAsanakAla meM tapa sAdhanA kA mahattva kyoM? * Adhunika pariprekSya meM tapa sAdhanA ke uddezya kitane maulika? * vartamAna yuga meM ho rahe tapa Ayojana kitane sArthaka evaM kitane nirarthaka? tapoyoga se kaise hotA hai indriya niyaMtraNa evaM pApoM kA visarjana? * Agama yuga se aba taka prApta maulika tapa vidhiyA~? * itihAsa ke pRSThoM meM tapa sAdhanA kI kramika avadhAraNA? * bhautika evaM AdhyAtmika jagata meM dvAdazavidha tapa kA mUlya kyA hai? SAJJANMANI GRANTHMAL Website : www.jainsajjanmani.com,E-mail : vidhiprabha@gmail.com ISBN 978-81-910801-6-2(IX)