Bharatiya Shilpsamhita

Author(s): Prabhashankar Oghadbhai Sompura
Publisher: Somaiya Publications
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/020123/1

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA 'padmazrI prabhAzaMkara o. somapurA For Private And Personal use only

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samaya siddhi zrIvinAyaka siddhi Alekhaka balavaMtarAya prabhAzaMkara somapurA For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA padmazrI prabhAzaMkara o. somapurA zilpavizArada, ahamadAbAda 13 somaiyA pablikezansa prA. li. bambaI . naI dillI For Private And Personal Use Only

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0 1975 padmazrI prabhAzaMkara o. somapurA mukhapRSTha : jayavaMta mAINakara mudraka : zrI. ra. desAI, di buka seMTara prA. li., 103, chaTA rAstA, zIva (pUrva), bambaI-400 022 prakAzaka : gaM. zrI. koze, somaiyA pablikezansa prA. li., 172, muMbaI marAThI graMthasaMgrahAlaya mArga, dAdara, bambaI-400 014 For Private And Personal Use Only

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sva. putra balavaMtarAya ko jisane yaha pustaka likhane kI preraNA mujhe dI hamAre bhAradvAja gotra ke do kuladIpaka, tejasvI ratnoMko samarpita sva. balavaMtarAya pra. somapurA zilpazAstra vizArada janma tA. 13-1-1919 / sva. tA. 16-9-1969 sva. bhAnubhAI Ara. somapurA gujarAta rAjya hAyakorTa ke nyAyAdhIza janma tA. 19-8-1918 / sva. tA. 23-12-1969 For Private And Personal Use Only

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zrI somanAtha mahAprAsAda kA pravezadvAra - madhya meM mahAprAsAda ke nirmAtA padmazrI prabhAzaMkara o. somapurA For Private And Personal Use Only

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prastAvanA kisI bhI deza kI saMskRti kA mUlya usake prAcIna zilpasthApatya aura sAhitya para se prAMkA jAtA hai| vidyA aura kalA deza kA anamola dhana hai| zilpasthApatya mAnava jIvana kA atyanta mArmika aMga hai / kalA, hRdaya aura cakSu donoM ko AkarSita karatI hai, zilpasaundarya hRdaya ko sabhara banAtA hai / sArI duniyA meM bhAratIya zilpasthApatya uttama koTi kA hai, deza ke liye gauravarUpa hai| zilpasthApatya dharma ke sAtha saMlagna hai, usakA devopAsanA se bahuta gaharA sambandha hai| prAcIna RSimuniyoM ne buddhipUrvaka isakI racanA kI hai| dharmapravRtti se preraNA pAkara deza meM jagaha jagaha para mandiroM kA nirmANa huA hai, usIke dvArA zilpIvarga ko acchA uttejana-protsAhana milA hai| prAcIna yuga meM zilpI, brahmA ke putra mAne jAte the aura usI bhAvanA se unakA sammAna bhI hotA thaa| vidyA aura kalA ke viSaya meM zukrAcArya ne bahuta hI spaSTa likhA hai ki vidyA ananta haiM, kalAoM kI to ginatI hI nahIM ho sakatI phira bhI sAmAnya rUpa se yaha kahA jAtA hai ki vidyAe~ battIsa haiM aura kalAe~ causaTha prakAra kI haiN| Age calakara vidyA aura kalA kI vyAkhyA karate hae unhoMne kahA ki vANI ke dvArA jo vyakta hotI hai vaha vidyA aura ga~gA bhI jise vyakta kara sakatA hai vaha klaa| zilpa, natya, citra Adi kalAe~ haiM, kyoMki ye binA vANI ke mAdhyama ke kevala mUkabhAva se bhI vyakta kI jA sakatI hai| prabhuprApti athavA mokSaprApti ke liye upAsaka loga devamUrti kI pUjA karate haiN| bhArata ke pratyeka saMpradAya meM prAyaH mUrtipUjA pradhAna hai|praasaad devamUrti-pratimA ke liye Avazyaka hI nahIM, anivArya bhI hai| mUrtipUjA ke prArambhika kAla ke viSaya meM vidvAnoM meM matabheda bhale hI hoM, vedoM meM mUrtiviSayaka ullekha milate haiN| hindudharma meM mUrti kA prAdhAnya hai| upAsanA-dhyAna ke liye mUrti avalambarUpa mAnI gaI hai| mUrtipUjA kA pracAra jaise jaise bar3hatA gayA vaise vaise pratimAviSayaka mAna-pramANa, aMga-pratyaMga, Asana, mudrAe~, AbhUSaNa, Ayudha, pratimAvarNa Adi ke niyama bana gye| isa prakAra pratimAvidhAna kA vikAsa hotA gayA aura usa viSaya kA pUrA sAhitya nirmANa hotA gyaa| vaha pramANamAna mAnya rakhane kA zilpiyoM ko Adeza diyA gayA, batAye gaye niyama kAnUna bana gaye / usameM kahIM kurUpatAA jAye athavA kisI niyama kA bhaMga ho jAye to use 'vedhadoSa' kahA gayA, aura usase yajamAna kA akalyANa hogA, aisA bhaya bhI zAstrakAroM ne btaayaa| ___ vAstuzAstra atharvaveda kA upaveda hai / atharvaveda ke sUktoM meM sthApatyakalA ke bAre meM vizeSa ullekha milate haiM / veda-saMhitA, brAhmaNagranthoM, upaniSadoM, bauddhasAhitya evaM jaina Agama granthoM meM vAstuvidyAviSayaka vidhAna milatA hai| purANoM aura nItizAstroM ke granthoM meM to isa viSaya ke pUre adhyAya ke adhyAya milate haiN| bhAratIya zilpasthApatya ke vividha aMga haiN| vAstuzAstraviSayaka prAcIna saMskRta sAhitya prAyaH madhyayuga meM likhA gayA hai| usake pahale bhI kucha prAcAryoM ne isa viSaya meM avazya kucha grantha likheM hoMge, para ve Aja upalabdha nahIM haiN| unameM se RSimuniyoM ne kahIM kahIM kucha avataraNa uddhRta kiye milate haiN| navIM-dazavIM zatAbdI ke bAda aura bArahavIM-terahavIM zatAbdI meM isa viSaya para likhe grantha hI vartamAnakAla meM vizeSa rUpa se dekhane ko milate haiN| vAstuzAstra aura mUrtikalA kA kramika vikAsa huA hai| vaidika kAla meM mUrtiyoM ke pramANa kI carcA avazya huI hai, lekina usa samaya kI mUrtiyoM ke avazeSa upalabdha nahIM hai| zilpasthApatya bhAratIya vidyAoM kA viziSTa aMga hai| upAsya deva kI mUrti ke vidhAna sambandhI kucha aMgaupAMgoM kA yahA~ varNana karane kA prayAsa kiyA jA rahA hai| zilpasthApatya ke kriyAtmaka jJAna kA vizeSa mahattva hai, isa dRSTi se usake aMgapratyaMgoM kA byorevAra yadi nirUpaNa kiyA jAya to bhaviSya meM vaha upayogI siddha hogA, aisA socakara usake kucha vibhAgoM ke prakaraNa yahA~ peza kiye haiN| 'pratimAvidhAna' vicAra ke pUrvArdha meM pandraha aMga kramabaddha nimnAnusAra haiN| 1. mUrtipUjA 2. pratinA mAna-pramANa : tAlamAna 10. SoDazAbharaNa (alaMkAra) 3. pratimA kA varNa aura usakA vAstudravya 11. Ayudha 4. hastamudrAyeM 12. parikara 5. pAdamudrA aura Asana 13. vyAla svarUpa pIThikA 14. devAnucara, asurAdi akonaviMzatI svarUpa 7. zarIra mudrA 15. devAMganA svarUpa 8. bAhana For Private And Personal Use Only

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prastAvanA zilpIvarga meM mUrtizAstrasambandhI isa viSaya kI acchI taraha se chAnabIna nahIM huI hai, usake zAstrIya pAThoM evaM prAlekhanoM ke sAtha grantha kA pUrvArdha yahA~ peza kiyA gayA hai| grantha do vibhAgoM meM hai| uttarArdha meM devamUrtiviSayaka vivecana hai| brahmA, viSNu, maheza-tripuruSa, unake pRthak pRthak svarUpa, zivaliMga, daivIzakti, saptamAtRkAe~, navadurgAe~, gaurIsvarUpa, dvAdaza sUrya, gaNezasvarUpa, kArtikaskanda, hanumatsvarUpa, dikpAla, navagraha, antima jaina prakaraNa meM yakSa, yakSiNI, SoDaza vidyAdeviyA~, parikara, aSTa pratihArya, maNibhadra, ghaNTAkarNa, kSetrapAla, padmAvatI, mANekastambha Adi ke mUla saMskRta pATha, anuvAda evaM pAlekhanoM ke sAtha diyA gayA hai| zilpa ke sundara pAlekhana aura prAkRtiyA~ vargavAra pRthak pRthak diye gaye haiN| ye sArI bAteM zilpIvarga evaM kalArasikoM ko abhyAsa meM upayogI hoMgI aisA maiM mAnatA huuN| . prAsAda meM pratimAmAna prAsAda ke mAna ke anusAra Asanastha-baiThI evaM Urdhvastha-khar3I pratimAnoM kA mAna nimnAnusAra hai| pratimAmAna baiThI khar3I pratimAmAna maal aMgula aMgula baiThI aMgula m Fory 18 42 52 62 06 mm or m vaidika, jaina, bauddha Adi sampradAyoM meM mUrti-pratimAnoM ke prakArabheda hone ke kAraNa mUrtividhAna ke svarUpoM meM bhI bheda pAyA jAtA hai| pratyeka sampradAya kI apanI mUrtiyA~ prAyaH eka sI hotI haiM, phira bhI dezakAla ke bheda ke anusAra unake svarUpanirUpaNa ke bAre meM kucha bheda dikhAI detA hai| prAdezika paraMparAoM ke anusAra zilpavidhAna meM zailIbheda kA honA svAbhAvika hai| (1) yAnaka-vAhana para baiThI huI mUrti, (2) sthAnaka-sthAna para khar3I mUrti, (3) prAsana-baiThI huI mUrti aura (4) zayanajalazAyI viSNu athavA buddhanirvANa jaisI soyI huI mUrti, isa prakAra sAmAnya rUpa se mUrtiyoM ke cAra bheda haiN| mUrti-pratimA nirmANa ke liye purANoM meM aura anya granthoM meM kahIM sAta aura kahIM nava vAstudravyoM kA upayoga karanA batAyA gayA hai| (1) sonA, (2) cA~dI, (3) tA~bA, (4) kA~sA, (5) sIsA, (6) aSTaloha, ye chaH dhAtudravya haiN| (1) ratna, (2) sphaTika, (3) pravAla aura (4) pASANa ye cAra ratnAdi dravya haiN| (1) kASTha, (2) lepa, (3) bAlU, (4) mRttikA aura (5) kaMkarI ye pA~ca phuTakara dravya haiM aura (1) cina-phoTU, isa prakAra solaha (16) mUrtinirmANa dravyoM kA vidhAna vibhinna granthoM meM likhA milatA hai| pratimA banAnA bilkula hI niSiddha hai| aSTaloha meM paMcadhAtu ke sAtha sonA, cAMdI aura tAMbe ke rasa kA mizraNa kiyA jAtA hai| kSaNika pUjana ke liye mRttikA kI mUrti kA vidhAna hai, pUjana ho jAne ke bAda usa mUrti kA jala meM visarjana kara diyA jAtA hai, zrAvaNa mAsa meM isa prakAra zivaliMgoMkI pArthiva pUjA hotI hai| mandiroM meM sthAyI mUrti aura bhogamUrti isa prakAra devatAoM kI do matiyA~ hotI haiN| sthAyI mUrti sthira rahatI hai to bhogamUrti calita rahatI hai, vaha utsavoM meM ratha para sthApita kI jAtI hai| pUjanIya mUrti-pratimAoM ke cehare para yauvana ke sundara bhAvoM kA honA jarUrI hai| ceharA hamezA ha~satA-prasanna dikhAI denA caahie| kAlI, mahiSAsuramardinI, hiraNyAkSa Adi kI raudramUrtiyoM meM raudrabhAva vyakta honA jarUrI hai| vaise to, zrRMgAra, hAsya, karuNa, raudra, vIra, bhayAnaka, bIbhatsa, adbhuta aura zAnta ye naba bhAva kahe gaye haiM, parantu inakI abhivyakti citrakarma aura nATayakarma ke liye vizeSa upAdeya hai| inameM se kucha bhAva zilpakarma meM liye jA sakate haiM, aisA vidhAna 'samarAMgaNa sUtradhAra' grantha meM milatA hai| isa granthake pUrvArdha ke vodahaveM aMgameM unnIsa devAnucara asurAdi svarUpa batAye haiM, una saba kI pratimAe~ banatI thiiN| prAsAda ke garbhagRha ke kisa vibhAga meM kisa deva kI mUrti kI sthApanA karanI cAhiye yaha kahA gayA hai, usameM bhUtapratimA kA sthAna batAyA gayA hai| isase yaha anumAna hotA hai ki prAcInakAla meM aisI mUrtiyA~ banatI hoNgii| bhUtamAnava bhagavAna zaMkara ko purANakAroM evaM taMtrakAroM ne bhUteza, bhUtanAtha Adi nAmoM se sambodhita kiyA hai| pramatha' zabda bhUta kA paryAyavAcaka hone ke kAraNa saMskRta ke kaviyoM ne zivako 'pramathanAtha' bhI kahA hai| bhUta kA tIsarA artha 'gaNa' bhI hotA hai| vartamAna kAla meM unake svataMtra mandira nahIM hai, lekina unakI mUrtiyA~ avazya milatI haiN| dravir3a-karnATaka granthoM meM prAsAda ke dvAra para, adhiSThAna meM kapotikA meM, jharokhe ke nIce aura zikhara ke skandha para bhUtasvarUpoM kA sthAna batAyA hai| unake svarUpa ke bAre For Private And Personal Use Only

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meM likhA hai ki vaha masta, jaTAvAlA, alpakezI, bar3e peTavAlA aura vAmana-ThiMganA honA caahiye| kucha ke muha~ biDAla, vyAghra, hAthI Adi prANiyoM ke samAna hoM aura unake cehare para hAsya, krIDA, vismaya, bIbhatsa Adi ke bhAva hoN| bhUtabali kA prANavAna svarUpa banAne ko kahA~ gayA hai / dravir3a mandiroM ke Upara skandha ke kone meM vRSabha svarUpoM kI badalI meM kahIM kahIM bhUta ke svarUpa bhI dikhAI dete haiM, hAlAMki aisA prAyaH purAne mandiroM meM hI dekhA gayA hai, karnATaka zilpa meM bhI kahIM isakA saMketa milatA hai| bhuvanezvara ke rAjarAnI mandira ke zikhara ke skandha ke cAroM hissoM meM madhya meM bhI ghuTanoM ko mor3akara Adhe khar3e hue aura zaMkha phUMkate bhUtasvarUpa dikhAI dete haiN| isa bhUta-pramatha-gaNa ke bAre meM dravir3a bAstugranthoM meM vivaraNa milatA hai| uttarIya paraMparA meM isa viSaya kA koI jikra nahIM hai| zaivAgama-candradamana meM cha: bhUtanAyaka kahe haiM to vAstuzAstra vizvakarmA meM nava bhUtanAyakoM ke nAma, sthAna aura tattvoM kA nirUpaNa milatA hai| ve isa prakAra haiM: (1)upAmoda-pUrva meM pRthvI tattva, (2) pramoda-dakSiNa meM agnitattva, (3)pramukha-pazcima meM jalatattva, (4) durmukha-uttara meM vAyutattva, (5) avighna-agnikoNa meM prAkAzatattva, (6) sattva-agnikoNa meM, (7) rajas-naiRtya koNa meM, (8) tamas-vAyavya koNa meM, (9) vighnahartA-IzAna koNa meM / ye svarUpa prAyaH zivamandiroM meM hI hote hoNge| (1) RSi, (2) hanumAn, (3) kSetrapAla, (4) yakSa, (5) pitR, (6) nAga aura vidyAdhara, gandharva, kinnara Adi ke svarUpa devoM ke parikara mAne jAte haiN| ve devamUrti ke Upara ke hisse meM alaMkAra ke rUpa meM aMkita hote haiN| kisI devaghara ke zilpa meM asura, dAnava, vaitAla, rAkSasa, preta, pizAca, zAkinI ke svarUpa unakI kathAoM ke sAtha aMkita kiye milate haiN| jainiyoM meM yakSa, yakSiNiyoM ke svarUpa bahuta pUje jAte haiN| nAgarAdi zilpa meM devaloka, svarga, apsarAtroM ke battIsa svarUpa unake lakSaNoM ke sAtha diye haiN| pUrvabhArata ke kaliMga, ur3IsA ke zilpagranthoM meM unake solaha svarUpalakSaNa batAye haiN| usameM anta meM zilpakRti meM zilpAlaMkAra ke rUpa meM (1) kIrtimukha, (2) nAga, (3) grAsa, (4) makara, (5) vyAla ye pA~ca svarUpa diye haiN| (yaha zrI. madhusUdanabhAI DhAkI ke 'bhUtanAyaka' lekha para AdhArita hai|) bhArata meM hajAroM varSoM se mUrtipUjA hai, usI prakAra mIsara, bAbIlona, esIriyA, paziyA, prAraba, grIsa, iTalI Adi yuropIya dezoM meM tathA cIna, jApAna, rUsa Adi eziyAI dezoM meM aneka deva-deviyoM ko mAnanevAle loga the, pIche usa sthiti meM kucha parivartana avazya huA hai| ___ manuSya ko svAbhAvika rUpa se eka mu~ha aura do hAtha hote haiM, jaba ki devoM ke bAre meM manuSya se adhika aMgoM kI kalpanA kI gaI hai| kucha devoM ke eka se adhika mastaka evaM do se adhika hAtha banAye haiN| hinduzAstroM meM cAra, cha:, pATha, dasa yA bIsa bhujAoMvAlI devadeviyoM kI mUrtiyoM kA ullekha hai| manuSya ke muMha kI jagaha siMha, sUara, ghor3A, baila, bandara Adi ke mu~ha banAye gaye haiN| mIsara, bAbIlona, esIriyA aura paziyA meM bhI aise prakAra kI prAkRtiyoM ke bhavya svarUpa Aja bhI milate haiN| ijipta meM sphiksa' nAmaka mUrti kA mu~ha manuSya kA aura zarIra siMha kA hai, patthara kI banI yaha mUrti tIna sau phITa lambI hai| mIsara aura paziyA meM do-tIna hajAra varSa pahale kI aisI prAcIna mUrtiyA~ haiM, jinakA mu~ha to manuSya kA hai, lekina zarIra baila kA hai| pahale mIsara ke vibhinna prAntoM meM devadeviyoM ke sthAna para prANiyoM kI pUjAhotI thii| devamUrtiyoM kI zakti aura unakA svabhAva banAne ke liye vizeSa bhujAoM ke svarUpa kI kalpanA kI gaI hogii| AyudhoM ke bAre meM bhI aisAhI honA caahiye| kucha devadeviyoM ke Ayudha ugra-bhayaMkara haiM, kucha ke Ayudha sAttvika haiM / ye bhujAe~ aura Ayudha unake svabhAva aura guNa ke pradarzaka haiN| unake vizeSa mastakoM ke bAre meM aise hI kucha kathAnaka purANoM meM milate hai| maurya rAjyakAla (IsA se pUrva 325 se 184) meM jo prathama candragupta huA, usake darabAra meM grIka rAjadUta meghesthinisa ne usa samaya kI sthiti kA varNana kiyA hai| pATalIputra meM candragupta kA jo bhavya rAjamahala thA, vaha eziyAbhara meM sarvazreSTha thA aura guptakAla ke anta taka vaha thaa| candragupta kA pautra azoka (svistAbda 213 te 232) saMsArabhara meM mahApuruSa mAnA gyaa| vaha svayaM bauddhadharmI hone para bhI anya sampradAyoM ke prati pUrA sahiSNu thaa| vaha hamezAprajA ke kalyANa kI cintA kiyA krtaathaa| prajA ke hita ke khAtira usane parvatIya zilAkhaNDoM para brahmI lipi meM nItisUtra khudavAye the / deza ke alaga alaga sthAnoM para raunakadAra bar3e bar3e stambha, rAjA kI AjJA unameM khudavAkara khar3e karavAye the| aneka bauddhastUpa, vihAra, caitya-stambha aura guphAoM meM nakkSI kA kAma karavAyA thaa| usake bAda ke rAjAoM ne bhI deza ke vibhinna bhAgoM meM aneka vizAla guphAe~ kalA se sajAI thIM aura aneka stUpa banavAye the| zuMgakAla (dhi. pU. 188 se 50) ke bAda kuzANakAla isapUrva 50 se isa 300) meM pratimAvidhAna meM mathurAzailI evaM gAndhArazailI kA vizeSa pracAra huA hai| sarahada prAnta-uttara paMjAba ke agalabagala ke pradeza meM pratimAvidhAna meM gAndhAra zailI aura uttara bhArata meM mathurAzailI vizeSa rUpa se pracalita hai| gAndhArazailI, bauddha sampradAya ke mUrti vidhAna meM spaSTa dikhAI detI hai| dhi.pU. 300 se 50 taka patthara aura cUne kI mUrtiyA~ banatI thiiN| unameM tAdRzatA evaM sapramANatA vizeSa rUpa se pAyI jAtI hai| una mUrtiyoM meM dhuMgharAle bAla hote haiN| isa gAMdhArazailI para bAharIyUnAnI asara par3A hai aura vaha bhAratIya mUrtividhAna ke asara se bilkula mukta hai aisA kucha pAzcAtya vidvAna mAnate haiN| jaba ki DaoN.hAvela, DaoN. jayasvAla, DaoN. kumArasvAmI, DaoN. agravAla jaise samartha purAtattvajJoM kA mata hai ki gAndhArazailI bhAratIya mUrti kalA se hI sambaddha hai yaha bilkula siddha hai| usa pradeza ke usa kAla ke sabhI zilpiyoM kI yahI zailI thI, aisI sthiti meM use bAhara kI kalA kaise kahI jA sakatI hai? mathurAzailIH kuzANakAla kI mathurAzailI ke mUtividhAna kA kendra mthuraathaa| zuMgakAla kI kalAhI kuzANoM kA rAjyAzraya pAkara mathurAzailI bana gaI aisA kucha loga mAnate haiN| kuzANakAla ke bAda nAgabhAra vAkATaka kArAjyakAla pAtA hai, isa 186 se 320 vahI isa zailI kA For Private And Personal Use Only

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viii prastAvanA prakAza-vikAsa kA kAla hai| usa samaya kI mUrtiyoM para azoka ke samaya kA gaharA asara hai| nAgabhAra ke bAda vAkATakoM kA rAjyakAla hai, usake bAda ni.300se 600 taka kA jo gupta rAjyakAla hai, usameM bhAratIya kalAdRSTi kA sarvottama vikAsa huA hai| guptakAlIna zilpiyoM kI adbhuta zilpakRtiyoM meM sAMgopAMga ramaNIyatA, madhuratA,surUpatA Adi jo AkarSaka sadguNa the, unakA darzana Aja bhI prAcIna avazeSoM meM hotA hai isIliye guptakAla ko suvarNakAla kahA jAtA hai| vidvAna loga guptakAla ke bAda ke stri. 600se 900 taka ke yuga ko pUrva-madhyakAla kahate haiN| usa samaya meM kannauja kA suprasiddha rAjA harSavardhana ho gyaa| cInI yAtrI hayuaAnastAMga usI arase meM bhArata AyA thaa| guptakAla kA asara unake prastakAla ke bAda bhI karIba do tIna sau sAla taka rahA / tri. 900 se 1300 ke uttara madhyakAla meM bhuvanezvara, koNArka, khajUrAho, mAlavA ke paramAraprAsAda, aura kalacurI rAjAoM ne isa mUrtikalA ko acchI taraha paripuSTa kiyA hai| gujarAta, rAjasthAna ke cauhANa, rAThoDa,solaMkI, paramAra Adi rAjavaMzoM ne apane apane rAjyakAla meM usako kAphI protsAhana evaM uttejana diyA hai| tAmilanADu ke pANDa ya, caula, pallava rAjAoM ne tathA karnATaka ke hoyazAla rAjavaMzoM ne evaM Andhra ke rAjavaMzoM ne bar3e bar3e prAsAdoM kAmahaloM kA nirmANa krvaayaa| itanA hI nahIM bhArata ke pratyeka pradeza meM vizAlakAya mahAprAsAdoM kA nirmANa huAaura adbhuta mUrtiyoM kA bhI sRjana huaaa| uttaramadhyakAla ke bAda khri. cauthI zatAbdI se lekara bArahavIM zatAbdI taka kalA ko ThIka ThIka uttejana milatA rhaa| khri. 900 se 1300 taka kA samaya madhyakAla kahA jAtA hai| usake bAda zilpiyoM kI kRtiyA~ prauDhAvasthA se nikalakara vRddhAvasthA meM praviSTa ho giiN| isa kAla ke prArambha ke pahale ilorA meM eka pahADa meM se bhavya vizAla mandira kA nirmANa huA,jo ki bhAratIya sthApatyoM meM eka AzcaryarUpa hai, bhArata kI jyAdAtara guphAe~ usa samaya ke kucha pahale yA kucha pIche deza ke bhinna bhinna vibhAgoM meM banI haiN| caudahavIM zatAbdI ke arvAcIna kAla taka ke vidharmiyoM ke AkramaNa aura unake rAjyazAsanakAla ke kAraNa kalA kA hAsa hotA gayA, isake liye mUrtibhaMjaka vidharmI loga jabAbadAra haiN| prAcIna kalAmaya sthApatya kA vinAza uttarabhArata meM vizeSa huaA, kalA kA vikAsa ruka gayA athavA yoM kahiye manda par3a gyaa| vidharmI loga jahA~ jahA~ sthAyI rUpa se raha gaye, vahA~ vahA~ hindusthApatyoM kA vinAza huaA hai| unake avazeSoM meM se virmiyoM ne apanI manapasaMda masjideM, makabare aura daragAha Adi sthAna khar3e kara diye haiN| yaha sthiti vizeSa rUpa se kevala uttarabhArata meM huI, dakSiNa bhArata meM aisA prAyaH nahIM huA hai| pariNAmasvarUpa vahA~ kucha aMza meM kalA jIvita raha sakI hai hAlAM ki kalA kA vikAsa to vahA~ bhI ruka gayA hai| kalA ke vinAza ko rokane ke liye pazcima bhArata ke-gujarAta, rAjasthAna, mevADa pradeza ke-somapurA zilpiyoM,kaliMga,orIsA-pUrvabhArata ke mahArANA (mahApAtra) zilpiyoM, dravir3a pradeza ke prAcArya zilpiyoM, madhya pradeza ke khajUrAho samUhamandiroM ke zilpiyoM evaM karnATaka, Andhra pradeza ke zilpiyoM ne mRtaprAya banI bhAratIya zilpasthApatya kalA ko jIvita rakhane kA pUrA prayAsa kiyA hai, usakI sarAhanA karanI caahiye| khajUrAho zilpiyoM ke vaMzajoM kA patA nahIM hai, na mAlUma unhoMne dharmAntara kara liyA athavA ve kisI anya pravRttiyoM meM par3a gye| bAkI ke uparyukta zilpiyoM ke pAsa kalA ke hastalikhita granthoM kA saMgraha hai, kucha to usake AdhAra para mandira nirmANa karate haiN| 14 vIM, 15vIM zatAbdiyoM meM hindu rAjAoM ne apane apane pradezoM meM dharmasthAna khar3e kiye, isase mUrtikalA ko uttejana milatA rhaa| IsA ke pUrva ke varSoM se Aja taka kAlAnusAra usameM kamIbezI jarUra huI hai, kisI samaya bhAvanidarzana meM ojasa AyA to kisI samaya usameM saundarya tattva kA hRAsa huaA; phira bhI dharma ke prabhAva ke kAraNa kalA kA Ajataka vizeSa pracAra-prasAra huA hai, ho rahA hai yaha saubhAgya kI bAta hai| muslImoM ke chaHsau varSa ke rAjyazAsanakAla ke bAda aMgrejI rAjyazAsanakAla meM kalA kA hAsa bhale hI ruka gayAho, para usakArUpa kucha badala gayA hai| vaha rUpa zreSTha hai yA neSTa yaha eka prazna hai| vartamAna kAla meM bhAratIya kalAkRti ke prati dezavidezoM meM jo abhiruci bar3hatI jA rahI hai yaha bar3e harSa kI bAta hai| ___ sAthasAtha eka duHkha kI bAta bhI hai ki philahAla zilpa, sthApatya aura citra ina tInoM kalAoM meM pazcima kA anukaraNa karanevAle, pazcimI zikSAdIkSA se dIkSita kucha bhAratIya sthapati aura kalAkAra bhAratIya kalAoM ko vikRta rUpa de rahe haiM / ve loga vAstava meM zilpa, sthApatya aura citra ina tInoM prakAra kI kalAoM ke vikAsa ke nAma para vinAza kara rahe haiN| abhI abhI kucha tIseka varSoM se kalAvihIna bhavanoM kA tAza ke pattoM ke mahala kI taraha, pakSiyoM kI ghoMsale kI taraha nirmANa kara ke dhanavAnoM ko mUrkha banA rahe haiN| usI taraha kisI lakar3I ke ThUTha ko kalpanAnusAra prAkRti dekara apane zilpa kI vAhavAha karavAte haiM, jisakA koI atA-patA nahIM hotaa| TeDhAmeDhA gADhA lepa idharaudhara lagAkara citra banAte haiM, jisakA koI artha nahIM nikalatA, jisake muMhamAthe kA patA nahIM calatA, usakI kAphI prazaMsA kI jAtI hai| bar3e duHkha ke sAtha kahanA par3atA hai ki yaha hAsyAspada bAta hai| aisA varga dUsaroM ko pAgala banA rahA hai, jaba ki pazcima ke deza hamArI isa prAcIna kalAkRtiyoM kA Adara karate haiN| hamAre bhAratIya pazcima kA andha anukaraNa karake deza kI kalA kA satyAnAza kara rahe haiM, 'maoNDarna pArTa' ke nAma para apane Apako dhokhA de rahe haiM, yaha dekhakara ghRNA paidA hotI hai-duHkha hotA hai| hai jisa kalA ko dUra se dekhate hI prekSaka usakA pUrA rahasya samajhakara aAnandavibhora ho jAye vahI asalI kalA hai| ghRNAjanaka For Private And Personal Use Only

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prastAvanA vikRta maoNDarna pArTa ko dekhakara duHkha ho yaha svAbhAvika hai| deza ke prAcIna kalArasikoMko cAhiye ki ve usake viruddha meM Andolana kareM aura bhAratIya kalA kA rakSaNa karane kA pharja adA kreN| kalA zrI athavA saundarya ko pratyakSa karane kA apUrva sAdhana hai| pratyeka kalAtmaka racanA meM zrI athavA saundarya kA nivAsa hai| jisa sRSTisarjana meM zrI nahIM hai vaha rasahIna hai / rasahIna meM prANa kabhI nahIM rhtaa| jahA~ rasa, prANa aura zrI ye tInoM eka sAtha rahate haiM, vahIM kalA rahatI hai| kahate haiM ki Ananda ke anubhava ke liye hI vizvakarmA ne sRSTi kI racanA kI hai| ___vastutaH kalA isa jIvana ke sUkSma aura sundara paTa para eka vitAna hai, kalA kA pratyeka udAharaNa jagamagAte dIpaka kI taraha hamAre cAroM ora prakAza ke kiraNa phailAtA rahatA hai / zilpI kalAkAra kI bhASA, rASTra kA gUDha cintana vyakta karane yogya hotI hai, zilpI kI bhASA bahuta arthavatI hotI hai, yaha suSTi devasRSTi hai, usameM zilpI ko zabdoM ke dvArA kucha kahanA nahIM par3atA, ve zilpalipi ke akSara, sarva deza aura kAla kI kalA meM apanAabhiprAya vyakta karane meM samartha hote haiN| zilpI anagar3ha zilAkhaNDa kI dhairya ke sAtha pArAdhanA karatA hai, usakI isa niSThA ke kAraNa pASANa dravita hokara zrI aura saundarya ke rUpa meM pariNata ho jAtA hai, vahIM kalA kI bhAvanA prANa kA saMcAra kara detI hai| bhAratIya zilpiyoM kI prazaMsA zilpiyoM ne jar3a pASANa ko sajIva rUpa dekara purANa ke kAvya ko pratyakSa rUpa de diyA hai, usakA darzana karake guNajJa prekSakagaNa zilpI kI sRjanazakti kI prazaMsA karate nahIM adhAte, zilpiyoM ne yahA~ TA~kaNoM ke zilpa dvArA aura tUlikA ke citroM dvArA amara kRtiyoM kA sarjana kiyA hai, akhaNDa pahAr3a meM kurede hue ilorA ke kAvyamaya mandira kI racanA to zilpiyoM kI adbhuta caturAI kI paricAyikA hai| bhArata ke zilpiyoM ne purANoM ke prasaMgoM ko pASANa meM aise kuredA hai ki ve sajIva jAna par3ate haiM, unake TaoNkaNoM-aujAroM kI sarjanazakti prazaMsA ke pAtra hai| pASANazilpa se zaurya aura dharmabhAva vyakta hotA hai| jar3a ko vANI denevAle zilpI kavi hI haiM, ve khUba dhanyavAda ke pAtra haiN| jar3a pASANa meM prema, zaurya, hAsa, karuNA Adi bhAvoM ko mUrtimanta karanA bahuta kaThina hai| citrakAra raMga aura rekhAoM ke sahAre una bhAvoM ko AsAnI se vyakta kara sakatA hai; parantu zilpI binAraMga-rekhA kI sahAyatA ke pASANa meM bhAvoM kA jo sRjana karatA hai, vaha usakI apUrva zakti kA pariNAma hai| bhAratIya zilpasthApatya Aja bhI jItI-jAgatI kalA hai| use apanI kRti meM bhAva utArane hote haiM, jaba ki yuropIya zilpI tAdRzatA kA nirUpaNa karate haiM, una donoM ke udAharaNa alaga alaga haiN| bhAratIya zilpiyoM ne, bhAratIya jIvanadarzana aura bhAratIya saMskRti ko apanA sarvottama lakSya banAkara, rASTra ke pavitra sthAnoM ko pasaMda kara ke, vahA~ apanA jIvana bitAkara vizva kI zilpakalA ke itihAsa meM bejor3a vizAla bhavana-sthApatya nirmANa kiye haiN| bhUkha aura pyAsa kI binA parvAha kiye dIrghakAya zilAoM ko kuredakara, gar3hakara vahA~ mUrtiyoM kA sRjana karake apanI dharmabhAvanA rASTra ke caraNoM meM arpita kI hai| janatA ne bhI prasannatA se apane zilpIgaNa kI akSaya kIti ko dasoM dizAoM meM phailAyA hai| aise zilpiyoM kI adbhuta kalA ke kAraNa duniyA ke guNajJoM ne bhArata ko ajara aura amara pada de diyA hai| aise puNyazAlI zilpiyoM ko koTi koTi dhnyvaad| bhArata ke uttama kalAdhAmoM para terahavIM zatAbdI ke bAda durbhAgya kA cakra ghuma gyaa| chaHsau sAla taka una para dharmAndhatA ke ghanaprahAra hote rahe phira bhI bhAratIya kalA meM saMskRti jIvita rahI, usakI pakkI nIMva ko ve na hilA paaye| usake bacekhace avazeSa bhI gauravapUrNa haiN| Aja bhI videzI kalAvizeSajJa loga ise dekhakara Azcaryamugdha ho jAte haiN| bhAratIya zilpiyoM ne apanI kalA ke dvArA svarga-vaikuNTha ko dharatI para utAra diyA hai| rASTrIya jIvana ko samRddha preraNAdI hai| Aja rAjyakartA sarakAra sthApatya ke prati bedarakAra bana gaI hai, dhanIvarga usa para dhyAna na deM aisI sthiti sarakAra ne paidA kara rakhI hai| Aja dharmAdhyakSa kA astitva hI nahIM hai, matalaba ki vartamAnakAla meM kalA ke protsAhita karanevAle dharmAdhyakSa, dhanI aura rAjyakartA nahIM rahe, yaha deza kA durbhAgya hai| kSaNika manoraMjana karanevAle nRtya-gIta ko philahAla rAjyAzraya mila rahA hai, aura sthAyI sundara zilpakalA ke prati durlakSa kiyA jAtA hai yaha bar3e hI aphasosa kI bAta hai| azlIla svarUpa bhArata ke, vizeSa karake uttara, pUrva aura pazcima Adi pradezoM ke vaidika, bauddha aura jaina sampradAya ke mandiroM meM choTe bar3e azlIla svarUpa kisI kone meM athavA grAma sthAnoM para saba loga dekha sakeM isa prakAra kore gaye haiN| dIpArNavazilpa grantha meM narastrIyugmasaMyuktA jaMghA kAryA prkiirtitaa| devamandira ke garbhagRha ke bAhara kI dIvAla, jise 'maMDovara' kahate haiM, usameM strIpuruSa ke saMyukta svarUpa banAne cAhiye aisA vidhAna For Private And Personal Use Only

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prastAvanA hai| isake alAvA aise bhI vIbhatsa svarUpa bahuta se sthAnoM para banAye gaye dikhAI dete haiN| bRhatsaMhitA aura purANagranthoM meM 'mithunaM patravallIbhiH pramathazcopazobhayet / dvAra meM strI puruSoM ke yugmarUpa-mithuna-jor3e banAne kA nirdeza hai / agnipurANa meM dvArasvarUpa ke varNana meM likhA hai ki adhaH zAkhAcaturthAMze pratihAro nivezayet / mithunaM rathavallIbhiH zAkhAzeSe vibhUSayet // prAsAda ke dvArA kI U~cAI ke cauthe bhAga para pratihAra-dvArapAla-kA svarUpa banAkara use vizeSa kalpalatA se alaMkRta karanA caahiye| tIsarI cauthI zatAbdI meM guptakAla meM devagar3ha ke dazAvatAra kalAmandira ke dvAra kI zAkhAe~ uparyukta pATha ke anusAra banI haiN| mithuna zabda kA artha hai strIpuruSa kA jodd'aa| zilpiyoM ne usakA viparIta artha-maithuna samajhakara aise azlIla svarUpa banAye haiM, aisA mAlUma par3atA hai| zilpa ke aise svarUpoM kI racanA ke pIche laukika mAnyatAe~ isa prakAra bhinna bhinna haiN| . (1) sRSTisarjanazakti kA nirUpaNa karane ke hetu devamandiroM meM lokalIlA pradarzita kI jAtI hai| (2) devamandiroM meM aise zilpoM ke dekhane para bhI darzakoM ke citta calAyamAna na hoM to samajhanA cAhiye ki ve sacce adhikArI haiN| darzakoM ... kI manobala kI isase parIkSA hotI hai| (3) vajrapAtAribhItyAdivAraNArtha yathoditam / zilpazAstre'pi mnnyaadivinyaaspaurussaakRtiH|| mandiroM meM aise bIbhatsa svarUpoM kI racanA karane se una para bijalI par3ane kA bhaya nahIM rhtaa| ) sundara mandira kI kRti para kisI kI naz2ara na laga jAya isa hetu se bIbhatsa svarUpoM kI yojanA kI jAtI hai| yuropa meM bhI naye carca ko kisI kI najara na laga jAya isa hetu se vahA~ jhADU TA~ga diyA jAtA hai| Kii vairAgya bhAvanA se darzakoM ko vimukta karane ke hetu bhI aise zilpa kiye jAte haiN| (6) zilpiyoM kI kutUhala vRtti ke kAraNa aise zilpoM kI yojanA hotI hai| ur3IsA ke prAcIna zilpagrantha-zilpa prakAza, adhyAya-2 : mithunabandhaH zrRNu mithunabandhAzca kasminyatrAdinirNayaH / nAnAmithunabandhA hi kAmazAstrAnusArataH // mukhyA hi kevalaM keli: na pAto na ca saMgamaH / keli: bahuvidhA zAstra kevalaM krIr3A bhASitA / / bundelakhaNDa ke khajUrAho ke samUhamandiroM meM sundara samuddha kalA hai| usameM aise kaI svarUpa kore gaye haiM, usake viSaya meM eka aisI mAnyatA athavA lokokti hai ki 'hemavatI' nAmaka kisI rUpavatI strI ne candramA ke sAtha kucha durbartAva kiyA, usake prAyazcitta ke rUpa meM khajUrAho aura sAre bundelakhaNDa ke mandiroM meM azlIla mUrtiyoM kA sarjana kiyA gayA hai| kaliMga-uDIsA ke, bhuvanezvara ke samUhamandiroM meM aura jagannAthapurI ke vizAla mandiroM meM to unake vistAra meM cAra cAra phUTa U~ce bar3e ceSTAsvarUpa khar3e kara diye haiM jo ki kaliyuga ke strIpuruSa vyavahAra kI kriyAbatAte haiN| darzakoM kI pahalI dRSTi usa para par3e aisI jagaha ve kore gaye hai| logoM kA kahanA hai ki usa jamAne meM vAmamAgiyoM kA prAbalya thaa| isa pradeza ke prAcIna zilpagrantha 'zilpaprakAza' meM isa bAta kA spaSTa ullekha hai ki 'devamandiroM meM azlIla svarUpa kA nirmANa karanA hI caahiye|' uttara bhArata ke kisI bhI zilpagrantha meM aisI bAta kA ullekha nahIM miltaa| dhaMgArahAsyakaruNa-vIra raudrabhayAnakAH / bIbhatsAdbhuta ityaSTau zAntazca navamo rasaH / / zilparatna, a035 zrRMgAra,hAsya, karuNa, vIra, raudra, bhayAnaka, bIbhatsa, adbhuta aura zAnta ye navarasa vizeSa rUpa se citrakalA meM hote haiM, unameM se kucha rasa zilpa meM bhI haiN| devAlaya aura zajAlaya meM ina rasoM kA nirUpaNa kahA gayA hai| parantu yuddha, smazAna, karuNa mRtyu, duHkha, kalpAnta, nagnatapasvI Adi amaMgala viSayoM kA Alekhana nahIM karanA cAhiye aisA dravir3a ke zilparatnane kahA hai, isIliye dravir3a deza meM aise svarUpoM kA pAlekhana kama mAtrA meM dikhAI detA hai| kevala uttara bhArata ke devamandiroM meM hI azlIla svarUpoM kA pAlekhana milatA hai| yadyapi dravir3a meM ziva ke gyAraha svarUpoM meM bhikSATana samaya kA ziva kA svarUpa nagna batAne ke bAre meM vidhAna milatA hai| vItarAga digambara kI jainamUrtiyA~ nirvastra-naMgI hotI haiM, unake kSetrapAla ke svarUpa ke viSaya meM likhA hai ki For Private And Personal Use Only

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prastAvanA kSetrapAlavidhAnAya digvAsA ghaNTabhUSitAH / kSetrapAla ke pairoM meM khar3AU~ hone cAhiye, vaha naMgA honA cAhiye aura vaha ghaMTiyoM se vibhUSita honA cAhiye / sA~pa kI janeU bhI usako rahatI hai| ___ kAmazAstra ke saMskRta granthoM meM jo nirdabha ullekha hai, usIkA anusaraNa mandiroM meM milatA hai| kalAmaya devaprAsAdoM meM dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa ina cAroM puruSArthoM kA nirUpaNa milatA hai| vahA~ kisa puruSArtha kI avagaNanA kI jA sakatI hai ? . kavibhUSaNa kAlidAsa ne apane zreSTha saMskRta kAvyoM meM, nATakoM meM jo praNayavarNana kiyA hai unako vANI dvArA vyakta karane meM bhale hI saMkoca kA anubhava hotA ho, lekina zilpI samAja meM usakA bahuta Adara hotA hai, una kRtiyoM ko kyA hama adhama kaheMge? bhArata ke pratyeka kavivara ne strI ke prAkRtika svarUpa ke guNagAna kiye haiN| usake saundarya kA anupAna karAnevAle kAlidAsa aura bhavabhUti jaise mahAna kavivaroM ne strI ke rUpa aura guNa kI madhura gAthA gAI hai| isase prasanna hue zilpiyoM ne strIsaundarya ko mAtRtva bhAvanA se zilpa meM utArA hai, usI cIja ko yuropIya kucha zilpiyoM ne vAsanA kA viSaya banAkara zilpastha kiyA hai| yuropa kI nirvastra nArIsvarUpoM kI pratikRtiyA~ hamAre zaharoM meM Ama jagahoM para rakhI jAtI haiN| sthapati prAcIna zilpasthApatyoM kI kRtiyoM para unake nirmAtAoM ke nAma zAyada hI kahIM khude hue milate haiN| dUsarI zatAbdI meM prAndhra meM sthapati anAmadA, sAranAtha meM zilpI vAmana, dhArAnagarI meM rUpakAra siMhAka aura unake putra rAmadeva hue| vistAbda 744 meM dhAtumUrtikAra zivanAga (rAjasthAna) aura baMgAla meM pAlavaMza ke AThavIM sadI ke dhAtumUrtikAra dhImana hitabhAva hue haiN| navIM zatAbdI meM gujarAta meM rudramahAlaya ke nirmAtA sthapati gaMgAdhara aura unake putra prANadhara hue| khi.1020 meM AbU ke vizvaprasiddha vimalamaMtrI ke mandira ke nirmAtA gaNadhara ho gye| sthi. 1210 meM hiiraadhr(ddbhoii)hue| dhi.1285 meM AbU ke vastupAlamandira ke nirmAtA zobhanadeva sthapati vizvakarmA ke avatAra mAne jAte the| gyArahavIM zatAbdI meM dhArAnagarI meM pramANamaMjarI grantha ke kartA nakula ke putra malladeva ho gye| stri. 1495meM rAjasthAna-rANakapura ke caturmukhanAmaka bhavya prAsAda ke nirmAtA somapurA depAka the aisI lokokti hai| sthi. 1176meM karnATaka meM hoyazAla, belUra, somanAthapurama, halevIDa mandiroM kA nirmANa DaMkanAcArya ne kiyA thaa| paMdrahavIM zatAbdI meM bhAradvAja gotra ke somapurA khetA aura unake parivAra ke maNDala ko mevADa ke mahArANA kuMbhA ne AmaMtraNa dekara bulavAyA thA aura unake dvArA cittoDa aura usake AsapAsa ke mandiroM kA evaM kIrtistambha kA nirmANa karavAyA thaa| maNDana saMskRta ke bhI acche vidvAna the| usa jamAne meM zilpa ke grantha astavyasta evaM azuddha the, unakA saMkalana karake, unako zuddha karake, prAsAdamaNDana, rUpamaNDana, bAstumaNDana, rAjavallabha, vAstusAra,rUpAvatAra, devatAmUrti prakaraNa Adi granthoM kA unhoMne navasaMskaraNa kiyaa| unake bhAI nAthajI ne vAstumaMjarI kI aura unake parivAra ke govinda tathA sukhAnanda ne kalAnidhi, vAstuuddhAradhoraNI aura vAstukambAsUtra kI racanA kii| satrahavIM zatAbdI meM mevAr3a meM kAMkazelI ke rAmanagara ke vizAla sarovara kA saMgamaramara kA kinArA aura hajAra phITa lambI chatariyA~ banI haiN| vahA~ somapurA ke tInasau parivAra rahate the| mevAr3a ke rANA ne una sthapatiyoM ko dhana, jamIna, gAyeM aura jAyadAda dekara acchA sammAna kiyA thaa| pandrahavIM zatAbdI meM prAbU-acalagaDha kI dhAtu kI mUrtiyA~ zilpI vAcchAputra devAnAputra arjuna ke putra haradA ne banAI thIM aura dUsarI mUrtiyA~ DuMgarapura ke zilpI lumbA aura lobhA ne banAI thiiN| saM. 1790 meM zihora aura bhAvanagara ke mahArAjA ke sthapati arjunadeva aura ambArAma ne vahA~ kucha sthApatya kA kAma kiyA hai, bhAvanagara zaharakI sthApanA unake hI samaya meM huI thI / saM. 1825 meM pAlItAnA-zarbujaya parvata para unhoMne kucha mandiroM kA nirmANa kiyA, aura pragalabagala ke kucha mandira maMgalajI aura lAdhArAma ne bnaaye|| saM. 1885 meM pAlItAnA-zaQjaya pahADI kI do coTiyA~ alaga alaga thiiN| seTha motIzAha kI Tuka ke liye do coTiyoM ko milAne kI yojanA rAmajI bhAne kI una coTiyoM ko milA denA cAhate the; lekina bIca meM cunAI kI jagaha nahIM thii| sthapati rAmajI lAdhArAma ne yukti se kucha aisI yojanA banAI ki jisake dvArA do coTiyoM ke bIca kI jagaha bhara dI, pariNAmasvarUpa Upara vizAla jagaha bana gaI, usa para unhoMne motIzAha ke nAma kI eka TuMka banA dI, taba se pahADa para ke pravezadvAra ko 'rAmapola' nAma diyA gayA aura isa taraha rAmajI kI smRti kAyama kara dI gyii| - sthapati rAmajIbhA kuzala sthapati the| unhoMne kaI sthAnoM para mandiroM kA nirmANa kiyaa| zaQjaya pahADI para kI kaI Tuka unhoMne banAI thii| usa jamAne meM unhoMne zilpapaddhati meM kAphI sudhAra kiyA thaa| sthapati rAmajIbhA ke putra raNachoDajI ne vaDhavANa, jasadaNa aura pAlItAnA-mahArAjAoM ke rAjamahala banAye the| unake bhatIje bhavAnabhAI aura proghar3abhAI ne saurASTra meM aneka mandiroM kA nirmANa kiyaathaa| navamI zatAbdI meM trinetrezvara ke kalAmaya bhavya mandira kA sarjana unhoMne hI kiyA thaa| isake alAvA ve sarakArI bhavanoM kA nirmANakArya bhI For Private And Personal Use Only

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xii prastAvanA karate the| ye sabhI bhAradvAjagotra ke sthapati the| uparyukta arjunadeva, ambArAma, maMgalajI, lAdhArAma, rAmajI, raNachor3a, bhavAnabhAI aura oghar3abhAI ye saba isa grantha ke lekhaka ke uttarottara pitA, pitAmaha, prapitAmaha Adi the| mere bar3e bhAI svargIya bhAIzaMkarabhAI ne saurASTra aura mahArASTra meM kaI mandiroM kA nirmANa kiyA hai| mere jeSTha putra balavantarAya ne zilpazAstra kA acchA adhyayana kiyA hai| usane jainiyoM ke evaM bambaI (kalyANa) meM biralAjI dvArA prAyojita tathA reNukUTa ke bhavya mandiroM kA nirmANa kiyA hai| saM. 1900 meM ahamadAbAda ke haThIsIMga ke bAvana jinAlayoM kA nirmANa premacandajI somapurA ne kiyA thaa| aThArahavIM zatAbdI meM pAlItAnA meM zAmajI gorA ne zava'jaya pahAr3apara 'unnata comukha' nAmaka vizAla, bhavya zikhira thoDAsA banAyA thA, jo bAda meM 1860 meM jasakaraNajI ne pUrA kiyaa| jainapeDhI ke sthapati nathubhAI gaNezajI aura unake putra khuzAladAsa ne zabaMjaya pahADa para ke evaM pAlItAnA zahara ke kucha mandiroM kA nirmANa kiyA thaa| unhIM ke kula ke dharamazI aura tulajArAma mUrti vidhAna karane meM mUrti kA tAdRzarUpa banAne meM kuzala the| abhI abhI karIba pichale pacahattara varSoM meM pAlItAnA meM prANajIvana aura vIsanagara meM pralhAdajI tathA nAthurAma acche sthapati ho gye| unako zilpa kA zAstrIya jJAna bhI acchA thaa| vaDhavANa ke tulasIdAsa aura ambArAma ne 'prAsAdamana' ke prathama adhyAya kA evaM 'kezarAja', grantha kA prakAzana kiyA thaa| unake putra jagannAtha ne bhI 'bRhat zilpazAstra' nAmaka maulika grantha tIna vibhAgoM meM prakAzita kiyA thaa| pAlItAnA meM velajI anoparAma aura bhAIzaMkara gaurIzaMkara ho gaye, jinako kriyA kA bahuta acchA jJAna thaa| unhoMne bhI kaI mandiroM kA nirmANa kiyA thaa| mere svargIya mitra narmadAzaMkarabhAI bahuta kuzala sthapati the| unhoMne kaI kalAmaya mandiroM kA nirmANa tokiyAhI, vizeSa meM unhoMne 'zilparatnAkara' nAmaka eka bar3e zilpagrantha kA prakAzana bhI kiyaa| gAyakavADa sarakAra ne unako apane yahA~ sthAna diyA thaa| rAjasthAna-jAvAla ke zrI acalAjI aura tArAcaMdajI, unake bAda cAMdora ke saramelajI aura sAdar3I ke campAlAlajI Adi ne jaina mandiroM kA nirmANa kiyA hai| karIba sAThasattara varSa pahale DuMgarapura-bAMsavADA ke gulAbajI aura dhrAMgadhrA ke harizaMkarajI kuzala mUrtikAra the| ve tAdRzya svarUpa nirmANa karane kI zakti-samajha rakhate the| gulAbajI svabhAva ke masta the, ve karoDapati kI bhI kabhI parvAha nahIM karate the| unhoMne ahamadAbAda meM 'yatAsAkI pola' meM prArasa kA sundara jinamandira banAyA hai| pichalI jindagI meM ve iDara kI pahAr3iyoM kI guphA meM rahate the| prasiddha zilpI jagannAtha ambArAma unako apanA gurU mAnate the| kenvAsa para oNIla peinTa kiyA huA unakA tailacitra Aja bhI jagannAthajI ke pAsa hai| vartamAna meM (philahAla) lekhaka, jinakA paricaya prAge diyA jAyegA, somapurA nandalAla cunIlAla, somapurAmanasukhalAla lAlajIbhAI, somapurA amRtalAla mUlazaMkara aura somapurA bhagavAnalAla giradharalAla mandiroM kA nirmANa kArya kara rahe haiN| isa samaya somapurA mUrtikAroM meM jagannAtha devacaMda, bambaI meM haragoviMdadAsa lallubhAI acche kuzala mAne jAte haiN| ve sTecyu (pratimUrti) bhI apane sTUDiyoM meM banAte haiM, mandira-nirmANa ke uparAMta dUsare kalAviSayaka vizeSa kAma bhI karate haiN| durgAzaMkara, baladeva lakSmIzaMkara, prabhudAsa lakSmIzaMkara, vinodarAya amRtalAla, talavAr3A ke kastUracaMdajI, DuMgarapura ke raghulAlajI, var3havANa ke nandalAla jaTAzaMkara, navInacandra nandalAla, pAlItAnA ke parazurAma hiMmatalAla, dhrAMgadhrA ke maganalAla maNizaMkara tathA ahamadAbAda meM somapurA amRtalAla kAnajI ye saba prakhyAta mUrtikAra haiM ve tAdRzya svarUpanirmANa karane meM siddhahasta haiN| nijI noMdha Ama taura para prAtmazlAghA ke bhaya se nijI noMdha dete samaya saMkoca kA honAsvAbhAvika hai| phira bhI aisI noMdha se jijJAsu pAThakoM ko preraNA milegI, mArgadarzana milegA aisI bujurgoM kI evaM zubhecchakoM kI bhAvanA aura unake prAgraha ko Adeza mAnakara vaha likhane jA rahA huuN| zilpasthApatya hamAre parivAra kA pAraMparika vyavasAya hai / aMgrejI kI par3hAI karane kI mahecchA thI, lekina vidhi kA vidhAna kucha nirAlA hI thA, saMyogavaza zilpa karma ke vyavasAya meM juTa jAnA pdd'aa| dhIre dhIre zilpakarma para hAtha baiTha gayA, adhikAra jama gyaa| ghara ke peTIpiTore meM par3e hastalikhita zilpagrantha, patrikA,noMdha ke kAgajAta, pUrvajoM ke dvArA taiyAra kiye gaye nakaze aura karIbana doso varSa pahale kA patravyavahAra Adi sabakucha vyavasthita kara diyA aura unakA adhyayana zurU kara diyaa| dina ko maiM zilpakarma karatA aura rAta ko kAphI dera taka anthoM ko pddh'taa| kucha samajha letA, kucha samajha meM nahIM bhI prAtA, phira bhI niyamita unakA abhyAsa krtaa| kucha hastalikhita zilpasAhityakA aMza likhakara usakA anuvAda karane kA prayatna krtaa| kucha ulajhaneM jarUra pAtIM, lekina pitAjI ke dvArA kriyA ke jJAna ke sAtha sAtha ulajhaneM suljhaataa| pitAjI zilpa kA prAthamika gaNitagrantha 'prAyatattva' kaNThastha karAke gaNita kA jJAna dete the| usake bAda kezarAjaaura prAsAda maNDana ke cAra adhyAya kramazaH mukhapATha karavAyA thaa| yaha saba maiM AsAnI se binA rUke, binApustaka ke bola letA thaa| gaNita aura anya viSayoM kI sakriya samajhadArI ke sAtha sAtha maiM zilpa pAlekhana (DroiMga) bhI karane lagA thaa| cAra bhAiyoM meM maiM sabase choTA thaa| parivAra ke bujurgoM ko isa bAta kA santoSa thA ki yaha choTA lar3akA kulaparaMparAkI vidyA smhaalegaa| maiM rAta ko bar3I dera taka baiThakara zilpagranthoM kA anuvAda karane kA prayAsa krtaa| saM. 1973 meM prAja se karIba 57 varSa pahale 'prAsAda For Private And Personal Use Only

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prastAvanA xiii maNDana'kA anuvAda maiMne zurU kiyA thaa| usameM bahuta kaThinAiyoM kA sAmanA karanA par3atA thaa| lekha aura pratyakSa prayoga (kriyA) kA mela biThAne meM thor3I dikkata par3atI thI, aise samaya para pUrvajoM ke banAye nakaze bahuta kAma dete| granthoM ke vAcana-manana ke sAtha mere adhyayana kI gAr3I Age bar3hatI rhii| bIca meM eka sAla ke liye maiM bambaI gayA thaa| kudarata zAyada merI kasauTI karanA cAhatI thii|sN. 1979 (vi.1923) meM maiM zArIrika asvasthatAke kAraNa sva.bar3e bhAI revAzaMkarajI ke pAsa rahakara eka sAla taka khaMbhAta meM vyavasAya karatAthA, daramyAna saubhAgya se mujhe ambAjIkuMbhAriyA ke prAcIna mandiroM ke jIrNoddhAra kA kAma milA athavA yoM kahiye sauMpA gyaa| vahA~ ke prAcIna mandiroM kA nirmANa aura unakI kalA ye donoM mere adhyayana-saMzodhana meM kAphI sahAyaka hue| vahA~ mujhe apanA jJAna bar3hAne kI acchI subhItA milii| karIba pA~ca varSa maiM vahA~ Tika gayA, usa daramyAna maine 'kSIrArNava' aura 'dIpArNava' jaise kaThina granthoM kA saMzodhana kiyaa| mere anuvAda ke kArya ko bhI acchA vega milaa| rUpamaNDana, prAsAdamaMjarI, vAstusAra kA anuvAda maiMne yahIM kiyaa| alabattA, saMskRtabhASA kA merA jJAna jo maryAdita thA, isaliye maine yaha sArA sAhitya pensila se hI likhA thA, zilpa ke pAribhASika zabdoM kA anuvAda karanA to acche mahAmahopAdhyAya ke liye bhI muzkila thaa| kuMbhArikA ke nivAsa daramyAna merI pArivArika paristhiti bhI acchI ho gaI thii| bambaI kI raoNyala eziyATika lAyabrerI (pustakAlaya) se 'vRkSArNava' jaise eka adbhuta grantha ke kucha adhyAya maiMne prApta kiye| unameM se sAMdhAra mahAprAsAda ke pATha aura devAMganAoM ke svarUpalakSaNa ke adhyAya mile| saM. 1986 se 1991 (ghi. 1930 se 1935) taka ke pA~ca varSa ke kadamagiri ke nivAsa daramyAna uparyukta sAre granthoM kA pUrA anuvAda, saMzodhana-parivartana-parivardhana ke sAtha pakkI kApiyoM meM (phaira) likha liyA thaa| saM. 1991 (di. 1935)se maiM apane janmasthAna pAlItAnA meM rahane lgaa| usa daramyAna maine bambaI, verAvala,jAmanagara, rAjakoTa, gu. pATaNa, pAlItAnA (jalamandira, Agamamandira), surendranagara, prabhAsapATaNa, bhAvanagara, jUnAgar3ha, ahamadAbAda (sAbaramatI), Adi zaharoM meM aura unake agalabagala ke gAMvoM meM, mahArASTra, madhyapradeza, baMgAla, kerAlA Adi pradezoM meM karIba sau se bhI adhika baDebaDe mandiroM kA nirmANa kiyaa| inameM se bahuta se prAsAda bahuta vizAla aura bhavya bane haiN| bAvana jinAlaya Adi mandira eka lAkha se lekara pA~ca, dasa, bIsa lAkha rupayoM kA kharca karake sundara kalAmaya DhaMga se banAye gaye haiN| isake alAvA gyArahavIM zatAbdI ke kuMbhAriyAjI ke kalApUrNa mandiroM kA jIrNoddhAra aura seTha aravindabhAI maphatalAla ke dvArA karavAyA gayA 'zAmalAjI' mandira kA jIrNoddhAra-punaruddhAra ye sAre kArya kiye haiN| zAmalAjI mandira kA kAma bArahavIM zatAbdI kI eka pratikRti hai| usa kAma meM karIba ATha lAkha rupayoM kA kharca kiyA gayA hai| sAtha meM merA jyeSTha putra balavaMtarAya thaa| saM. 2006 (vi. 1948) meM svataMtra bhArata ke upapradhAnamaMtrI zrI. vallabhabhAI paTela ne somanAtha ke prAcIna mandira ke navanirmANa ke viSaya meM vicAraNA karane ke liye nimaMtraNa dekara dillI bulAyA thaa| somanAtha ke sAdhAra mahAprAsAda kA nirmANa usa viSaya ke pUrNa abhyAsI ke sivA dUsare ke dvArA karanA muzkila thaa| loga kahate haiM ki hamAre hI bhAradvAjagotrI pUrvajoM ne isa prAcIna mandira kA nirmANa kiyA thaa| mere karIba paitIsa varSa ke abhyAsa aura anubhava ne isa bhagIratha kArya meM acchI sahAyatA dI, isako maiM paramAtmA kI pUrNa kRpA mAnatA huuN| sodhAra mahAprAsAda kI racanA karIba sAtasau varSoM se banda hai, isaliye usakA jJAna prAyaH vismRta sA ho gayA hai| satata abhyAsa ke kAraNa maiM yaha kArya kara sakA isaliye maiM apane pApako IzvarakRpAse dhanya mAnatA huuN| somanAtha ke mandiranirmANakArya ke daramyAna bhArata ke pradhAnamaMtrI, prAntIya mukhyamaMtrIgaNa, mahAna netAgaNa, gavarnara aura dezavideza ke vizeSa rUpa se yuropa-amarIkA ke viziSTa vyaktiyoM se kabhI kabhI milane kA avasara prAtA thaa| ve hama logoM ke prati pUrNa sadbhAva rakhate the| sammAna kI dRSTi se hameM dekhate the| zrI. saradAra vallabhabhAI paTela, zrI. jAmasAhaba, zrI. kanaiyAlAla munazI, zrI. gADagILa, zrI. DhebarabhAI Adi ke sAtha hamezA saMparka banA rhtaa| zrI. somanAtha kA kAma cAlU thA, usI samaya dhi. 1958 ke arase meM zrI. biralAjI ke pratinidhi zrI. naveTiyAjI se somanAtha mandira meM merI prathama bheMTa huii| zrI.biralAjI kI icchA ke anusAra kalyANa-sencurI meM viThobA, lakSmInArAyaNa mandira kI evaM eka pahAr3I para 'pAMcapada' ke gUDha maNDapa aura nRtyamaNDapavAle eka bhavya vizAla prAsAda kI rcnaahuii| uttarapradeza meM vArANasI ke pAsa reNukUTa kI elyumIniyama phaikTarI meM eka pahAr3I para umAmaheza kA kalAmaya mandira banAyA aura ur3IsA ke bhuvanezvara ke rAjarAnI mandira kA pratikRtirUpa prAsAda karIba bIsa lAkha rupayoM kI lAgata se bnaayaa| madhyapradeza meM ujjaina ke pAsa nAgadA meM gvAliyara reyona meM zeSazAyI bhagavAna kA mandira, jo ki gvAliyara ke sahasrabAhu mandira kI pratikRtirUpa hai, bAraha phITa U~ce pleTaphaoNrma para karIba paitIsa lAkha rupayoM kI lAgata para bana rahA hai| yaha sarva sthApatyako sva. balavaMtarAyakA sahayoga thaa| udyogapati zrI. goyaMkAjI kI ora se philahAla kalakatemeM bhavya zivAlaya kA nirmANa ho rahA hai| bhArata ke udyogapati zrI. aravindabhAI maphatalAla ne usI taraha mahArASTra ke sAtArA jile ke cAphala gA~va meM karIba pandraha lAkha rupayoM kI lAgata se rAmacandrajI kA bhavya mandira banAyA hai / isa kArya meM merA pautra caMdrakAnta sAtha meM thaa| mere jeSThaputra balavantarAya bArabAra isa grantha ke prakAzana kI preraNA aura protsAhana dete rhe| ve zilpazAstra ke acche abhyAsI the| unhoMne bambaI, kalyANa, reNukUTa, DAkora, ahamadAbAda, nAgadA, zAmalAjI, pAlItAnA Adi sthAnoM para kalAmaya mandiroM ke nirmANa For Private And Personal Use Only

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xiv prastAvanA kArya meM mujhe sahayoga diyA hai| anta meM himAlaya ke badrInArAyaNa mandira kA punaruddhAra kA kAma karate samaya vahA~ bagala se bahanevAlI pavitra nadI-alakanandA ke jalapravAha meM ve gira gaye, baha gaye aura isa taraha unakI mRtyu ho gii| isa avasara para ve isa duniyA meM nahIM hai isakA mujhe pArAvAra duHkha hai, lekina isa granthaprakAzana se unakI AtmA avazya prasanna hogI aisA maiM mAnatA huuN| ci. bhAI balavantarAya ke putra-mere pautra ci. candakAnta mere sAtha zilpavyavasAya meM jur3a gaye haiN| mere dUsare puna ci. vinodarAya saparivAra amarIkA meM haiM, vahA~ ve micigana sTeTa meM sarakArI ucca prohade para haiN| tIsare putra ci. harSadarAya ahamadAbAda hAIkorTa meM eDavokeTa vakAlata kara rahe haiN| cauthe putra dhanavantarAya baiMka-vyavasAya meM haiN| eka vidvAna kavi ne kahA hai ki kavi kI jivhA meM aura zilpI ke hAthoM meM sarasvatI rahatI hai| grantha meM kisI prakAra kI kSati mAlUma ho to vidvAna loga udAratA ke sAtha haMsavRtti pradarzita kareMge aisI namra binati hai| zilpasthApatya ke granthoM kA saMzodhana aura bhASAnuvAda hone para bhI jaba taka unake pratyeka aMga kI TIkA ke sAtha, anya granthakAra ke matamatAMtara kI noMdha ke sAtha, pratyeka viSaya ke kriyAtmaka marma ke sAtha unake Alekhana dene se grantha sampUrNa mAne jAte haiN| sAtha sAtha citra, koSThaka, phoTU Adi bhI denA jarUrI hai| bilkula isI prakAra se ghi. 1960 meM pahalepahala maine 'dIpArNava'(1) jaise eka mahAna grantha kA prakAzana kiyA thA, usake bAda jinadarzana zilpa (2), aura prAsAdamaMjarI (gujarAtI-3) aura hindI (4) kA prakAzana kiyaa| prAsAdamaMjarI (aMgrejI-5) presa meM hai| kSIrArNava (6), vedhavAstuprabhAkara (7), prAsAdatilaka (8), bhAratIya durgavidhAna (9), prakAzita ho gaye haiN| zilpasthApatyalekhana (10) presa meM hai| inake alAvA vAstutilaka prakAzita ho gayA (11), vAstuvidyA (12), vRkSArNava (13), vAstuzAstra (14), ina cAra granthoM kA saMzodhanakArya cala rahA hai| bujargoM ke zubhAzIrvAda kI aura unake RNasvIkAra kI noMdha lete hue mujhe harSa hotA hai| jaganniyantA zrIhari kI sI hI kRpA hamezA banI rahe, basa yahI eka namratApUrvaka prArthanA hai| bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA kA aMgrejI anuvAda jaldI prakAzita ho aisI kAmanA hai, lekina yaha kAma koI purAtattvajJa vidvAna kA sAtha mila jAya to hI ho sakatA hai| aise prakAzana se duniyA ke pratyeka deza ke bhAratIya zilpa para abhiruci rakhanevAle vidvAna lAbha le skeNge| zrI aura sarasvatI kA subhaga samanvaya pAnevAle zrI.zrIgopAlajI naveTiyAne isa pustaka ke liye kAphI kaSTa uThAyA hai unake amUlya sujhAva aura mArgadarzana ke liye maiM unakA hArdika AbhArI huuN| ___ isa pustaka kA saMskRta bhAga dekhakara aura usameM kArya kI zudhdiyA karake mujhe vidvada AcAryazrI.bhAIzaMkara purohita (pradhAnAcArya, saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya, bhAratIya vidyAbhavana)ne kAphI madada kI hai| unake prati bhI maiM AbhArI huuN| zrI. vIrendrakumAra jaina aura zrImati hemalatA trivedI ne hindI anuvAda dekhakara usameM kucha zuddhiyAM kI thI usake liye maiM unake prati AbhArI huuN| isa grantha meM samayAnusAra Avazyaka hera-phera karake, vyavasthita karane meM bhAI hariprasAda haragovinda somapurA ne kAphI sahAyatA kI hai| ve bambaI yunivarsiTI ke ema.e. haiM, unhoMne kaI nATaka, kAvya aura kahAniyAM likhI haiN| ve bAra bAra mujhako kahA~ karate haiM ki Apake pAsa vAstuzAstra kA gaharA jJAnabhaNDAra hai, to Apako usa viSaya ke granthoM kA prakAzana karanA cAhiye, itanA hI paryApta nahIM hai Apako to zilpavidyA kI vidyApITha zurU karanI caahiye| unhoMne mujhe hindI anuvAda ke kAma meM bahuta sahayoga diyA hai| isa grantha meM diye hue bahuta se pAlekhana sva. candulAla bhagavAnajI somapurA (dhrAMgaghrA) ke Alikhita haiN| ve kuzala mUrtikAra the| aura gujarAta ke 'mAikala enjelo' kahe jA sakate haiN| mUrtikalA kI taraha ve prAcIna zilpAlekhana meM bhI pravINa the| unake sAtha mere pautra candrakAnta, mere bhAnaje bhagavAnajI maganalAla, vinodarAya amRtalAla aura baladeva lakSmIzaMkara ne bhI kucha AlekhanoM meM mujhe sahAyatA kI hai, una sabakA maiM AbhArI huuN| __zrImAn seTha zrI. karamazIbhAI somaiyA aura seTha zrI. zAntibhAI somaiyA ne apane presa meM isa grantha ko mudrita karake prakAzita karane kI anumati dekara mujhe AbhArI kiyA hai| 'somaiyA pablikezansa' ke zrI. gaM. zrI. kozesAheba, zrI. pujAra evaM muralIbhAI ne jo parizrama kiyA hai, mudraNAlaya ke karmacArI usake liye AbhArI huuN| mere paramapriya zrI madhusudana DhAkI ke lekhoM ko isa graMthameM AvRtta kiyA gayA hai isa liye maiM unakA RNI huN| sarve'tra sukhinaH santu sarve santu niraamyaaH| sarve bhadrANi pazyantu mA kazcid duHkhamApnuyAt / / iti zubhaM bhvtu| vinayaprabhA 31, ilorA pArka, ahamadAbAda-13 sthapati saM. 2021, nUtanavarSa padmazrI prabhAzaMkara moghaDabhAI somapurA tA. 6 navambara 1974 zilpavizArada For Private And Personal Use Only

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XV sthapati prabhAzaMkara oghaDabhAI 'zilpavizArada' kA hastalikhita granthasaMgraha vizvakarmApraNIta sUtramaMDalapraNIta prAsAdamaMDana vAstumaMDana rUpamaMDana vAstusAra rUpAvatAra devatAmUrtiprakaraNam rAjavallabha prakIrNaka vAstu-1 prakIrNaka vAstu-2 kezarAja prAsAda vairAjyAdiprAsAda mekavizatimeru prAsAda vizatimeru prAsAda lalitAdi prAsAda pustakAdi prAsAda mahAdhara prAsAda kamalodbhava prAsAda tilaka sAgarAdi prAsAda sU. nAthajIpraNIta vAstumaMjarI prAsAdamaMjarI dIpArNava kSIrArNava vRkSArNava aparAjitasUtra jJAnaratnakoza jayapRcchA jayapRcchAvaddhAyatana vizvakarmAprakAza vAstuzAstrakArikA vAstutilaka nAradazilpazAstra sUtrapatAna jJAnasAra aparAjita vAstvadhyAya vaimAnika prakaraNa samarAMgaNasUtradhAra lakSaNasamuccaya devyAdhikAra prAsAdatilaka ratnatilaka vAstupradIpa parimANamaMjarI vAstukautuka sUtrarAjasiMhapraNIta vAsturAja (choTA) vAsturAja (baDA) ThakurapherupraNIta batthusAra vAstusAra sUtra govindapraNIta kalAnidhi vAstuuddhAradhoraNI vAstukambAsUtra catuvyApicatuSkoNa vApilakSaNa bANasthApana prayojamaMjarI zilpadIpaka bAlabodhAMkavRtti vyalokyadIpaka jyotiSasArasaMgraha bAlabodha kuMDasiddhi kuMDapradIpa kuMDAhuti jinaprasAda jinavarNalAMchana jinapratimAparikara samavasaraNasvarUpa RSabhAdi prasAda aSTApadasvarUpa merusvarUpa nandIzvaradvIpasvarUpa pAtihArya caudaha svapna upagrantha Aryatattva gRhaprakaraNa gRhavedhanirNaya nirdoSavAstu vedhadoSAdinirUpaNa puNyavidhi vAstUpUjA sarvadevapratiSThA digpAlapUjana pravezabali For Private And Personal Use Only

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xvi zilpazAstrIya mudrita granthasaMgraha aparAjitapRcchA prAsAdamaNDana rUpamaNDana pratimAlakSaNa devatAmUrtiprakaraNam rAjavallabha vizvakarmaprakAza vizvakarmavidyAprakAza laghazilpasAra zilparatnAkara zilpadIpaka bRhazilpasAra vatthusAra zukranIti vivekavilAsa zrItattvanidhi brahaksaMhitA zAradAtilaka prAcAradinakara nirvANakalikA samyaka sambuddhapratimA vAsturatnAvalI / dravir3azilpagrantha ' mAnasara mayamata zilparatna / manuSyAlayacandrikA kAzyapazilpa IzAna ziva gurudevapaddhati vairaNanasAgama vAstuvidyA , vAstuvidyA (mUla) vAstuvidyA (saTIka) vasiSTha saMhitA nArada saMhitA uddhAra dhoraNI / abhilASatArtha cintAmaNi * mAnasollAsa viSNusaMhitA yuktikalpataru hayazIrSapaMcarAtra purANagrantha matsyapurANa agnipurANa viSNudharmottara bhaviSyapurANa garuDapurANa hemAdrivatakhaNDa sthapati prabhAzaMkara prakAzita mUla saMskRta bhASA TIkA sacitra graMtho 1 dIpArNava ru. 50 2 kSIrArNava ru. 30 3 prAsAdamaMjarI-gujarAtI ru.7.50 4 prAsAdamaMjarI-hindI ru.7.50 5 prAsAdatilaka ru. 15 6 vedhavAstuprabhAkara ru. 10 - 7 jIvadarzanazilpa ru. 10 8 bhAratIyadurgalakSaNa ru. 35 9 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA 10 pratibhA saMhitA 11 zilpasthApatya saMhitA For Private And Personal Use Only

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sva. jAmasAhaba, manazIjI aura rAjyapAla zrI prakAza-padmazrI prabhAzaMkara somapurA sva. rASTrapati DA. rAjendraprasAda, padmazrI prabhAzaMkara somapurA aura sva. jAmasAhaba For Private And Personal Use Only

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or3isA koNArka sUrya mahAprAsAda meM pratiSThita rthckr| madhya meM graMthakartA aura unake suputra balavaMtarAya For Private And Personal Use Only

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xvii isa pustaka ke likhane meM nimna prAcIna graMthoM kA RNa svikAra hai 1. sUtra saMtAna, aparAjita sUtra 2. vizvakarma prakAza 3. samarAMgaNa sUtradhAra 4. devatAmUrti prakaraNa 5. rUpamaMDana 6. rUpAvatAra 7. zilparatnam (kumAra svAmI) 8. mAnasAra 9. kAzyapa zilpa 10. izAnA ziva guru deva paddhati 11. matsya purANa 12. agnipurANa 13. viSNu dharmottara 14. zrItattva nidhi 15. mudgala purANa 16. aMzuyavabhedAgam 17. vaikhAvasa Agam 18. brahadsaMhitA 19. zuka nIti 20. viveka vilAsa 21. dharmasiMdhu 22. nirNaya siMdhu 23. vasiSTha. nArada. parAzara saMhitA 24. zAradA tilaka 25. vizvakarma zAstra 26. vAstu vidyA 27. dropAva 28. kSIrArNava 29. vRkSArNava 30. mAnasollAsa 31. lakSaNa samuccaya 32. vAstutilaka For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA (pUrvArdha) For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra Amukha 16. brahmA svarUpa 17. viSNu svarUpa 18. maheza - ziva - rudra svarUpa 19. devI - zakti - svarUpa 20. dikpAla svarUpa 21. graha svarUpa - Aditya sUrya 22. prakIrNaka deva svarUpa 23. jaina prakaraNama 24. Ayatana www.kobatirth.org viSaya krama [ uttarArdha ] devasvarUpa 81 87 90 110 123 143 151 163 172 207

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viSaya krama [pUrvArdha] prastAvanA 1. mUrtipUjA 2. pratimA mAna-pramANaH tAlamAna 3. pratimA kA varNa aura usakA vAstudravya 4. hastamudrAyeM 5. pAdamudrA aura prAsana 6. poThikA 7. zarIramudrA 8. vAhana 9. nRtya 10. SoDazAmaraNa (alaMkAra) 11. prAyudha 12. parikara 13. vyAla svarUpa 14. devAnucara, asurAdi akonaviMzatI svarUpa 15. devAMganA svarUpa For Private And Personal Use Only

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aGga:prathama mUrtipUjA (Idol Worship) bhAratIya zilpa-sthApatya meM pratimAoM kA vizeSa prAdhAnya hai| deva prAsAda, devamUrtiyoM ke kAraNabhUta mAne jAte haiN| kaI vidvAna mAnate haiM ki vaidika samaya meM mUrtipUjA nahIM thii| phira bhI usa jamAne meM mUrtipUjA ke kaI pramANa to milate hI hai| dUsare dezoM kA mUrtipUjA kA samaya aura unake sAtha Arya prajA ke saMbaMdha dekhate hue yaha mAnanA cAhie ki bhArata meM mUrtipUjA kA astitva bahuta prAcIna samaya meM bhI thaa| sabase prAcIna prajA-madhya eziyA ke parvatIya pradezoM meM se pAyI huI-sumeriyana prajA thii| usa samaya ke mAnava dehadhArI devatAoM ke citra aura mUrtiyoM ke ullekha bhI milate haiN| usase yaha kalpanA kI jA sakatI hai ki vahAM mUrtipUjA kA astitva rahA hogaa| bebiloniyA bhI praseriyA jitanA hI prAcIna deza hai| praseriyA meM se prApta IsA pUrva cAra hajAra varSa ke prAcIna lekhoM meM se, maMdiroM meM devatAoM kA pratiSThAna kiye jAne ke ullekha bhI milate haiN| dharma meM mUrtipUjA zurU huI usase pahale hI,svAbhAvika krama se pratimA banAne kI kalA kA vikAsa hunA hogaa| aseriyana prajA kA dharma aura saMskRti bebiloniyana prajA ke anukaraNa se janme the / so, svAbhAvika taura se aseriyA meM bhI mUrtipUjA kA astitva honA caahie| I.sa. pUrva paMdrahvI zatAbdI meM mesopoTemiyA se misra meM unake iSTadeva kI mUrti bhavya samAraMbha ke sAtha vidhipUrvaka lAyI gaI thii| yaha ghaTanA bhI, mUrtikalA kA astitva usa samaya meM, usa deza meM hone ke pramANa detI hai| prAcIna vyavasthAna' (molDa TesTAmeMTa : bAibila) meM ullekha hai ki pelesTAina meM ijarAyalI loga jAveda kI pratimA kA I. sa. pUrva AThavIM zatAbdI taka pUjana karate the| cIna meM bhI I.sa. pUrva 12 vIM zatAbdI meM mUrtipUjA thii| aba vahAM bauddhadharma pracalita hai / grIsa ke ejiyana loga bhI mUrtipUjaka the / ___ usI taraha bhArata meM bhI I.sa. pUrva kI bahuta prAcIna kAla se hI mUrtipUjA kA astitva thaa| lekina usake prAraMbha ke bAre meM kaI vidvAnoM meM matabheda hai| siMdha ke mohana-jo-daro aura harappA ke avazeSa se isakA kAla nizcita karane meM sahAyatA milatI hai| siMdhu saMskRti kA abhyAsa karane se patA calatA hai ki ve avazeSa I.sa. pUrva 2500 varSa se bhI prAcIna hone caahie| paraMtu, vaidika saMskRti ke avazeSa I.sa. pUrva pAMcavI zatAbdI ke pUrva ke nahIM mile haiN| jaba ki draviDa saMskRti kA samaya to usase bhI prAcIna mAnA jAtA hai| mUrtipUjA ke pramANarUpa siMdhu saMskRti ke kAla meM mAtA, zivaliMga, zivamUrti, yoni, vRkSa Adi ko pavitna mAnA jAtA thaa| usa kAla meM bhI patthara, mATI aura dhAtu kI pratimAeM taiyAra kI jAtI thiiN| I.sa. pUrva 350-400 kI mauryakAla kI eka jaina khaMDita mUrti milI hai| pataMjali bhASya (I.sa. pUrva 150) meM devatAoM kI mUrtioM kA ullekha hai| kauTilya ke arthazAstra meM ullekha hai ki devatAoM ke maMdiroM ko nirmANa to karanA hI caahie| pANinI kahate haiM ki deva pratimAeM becanI nahIM cAhie, kyoMki usase kalAkRtiyoM kA lopa hotA hai| mahAbhArata (I.sa. pUrva 250) ke vanaparva meM bhI mUrtiyoM kA ullekha hai| azlAyana gRhya sUtra meM gRhadevatA aura gRha-nirmANa padArtha (Building Materials) ke ullekha hai / atharvaveda ke kauzikAraNya meM, zatapatha brAhmaNa graMtha meM, taittirIya brAhmaNa meM aura AraNyaka upaniSada jaise prAcIna graMthoM meM usake ullekha prApta hai| prAcIna kAla kI pratimAeM bahuta hI suMdara, sauSThavayukta hotI thiiN| usa samaya ke bhAratIya zilpakAra pratyakSa mAnava yA prANI jaisI naisargika kalAkRti kA sRjana karane kA prayatna karate the| pratimA nirmANa ke liye jarUrI dhIraja aura ekAgratA se ve calita nahIM hote the| zilpagraMthoM aura pAgamagraMthoM meM mUrtizAstra ke aMga upAMgoM ke niyama bhI diye hue haiN| kaI kalA-vivecaka mAnate haiM ki zilpakAra For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA para lade jar3a niyamoM ke baMdhanoM ke kAraNa hI ve pichale kAla meM mUrti kA sauMdarya vidhAna gavA~ baitthe| alabattA, guptakAla meM mUrtikalA kA adhika vikAsa huaA thaa| bhArata ke lagabhaga sabhI saMpradAyoM meM mUrtipUjA kA prAdhAnya svIkRta kiyA gayA hai| bhArata ke sivA, bhArata ke pUrva meM Aye brahmadeza, jAvA-sumAtrA, kaMboDiyA, siMhaladvIpa aura syAma tathA uttara ke aphagAnistAna pAdi, madhya eziyA ke pradezoM meM bhI jahAM-jahAM bhAratIya saMskRti phailI huI hai, vahAM bhAratIya zilpakRtiyAM aura unake avazeSa dikhAI dete haiN| bhArata meM mUrtipUjA hajAroM varSoM se hotI calI AyI hai, isI taraha misra, bebiloniyA, aseriyA, parziyA araba deza, cIna aura yUropa meM bhI hajAroM varSoM se deva-deviyoM kI pUjA hotI rahI thii| lagabhaga do hajAra varSa se naye saMpradAyoM kA udbhava hote hI kaI dezoM meM mUrtipUjA kA niSedha hone lgaa| mUrtiyoM ke prakAroM meM sAmpradAyika draSTi se vaidika (hindudharma), jaina aura bauddha pratimAeM dikhAI detI hai| aphagAnistAna ke eka jaMgala ke pahAr3a meM 200 phuTa UMcAI kI bauddha pratimA utkIrNa kI gaI hai| vahAM se bhairava kI bhI eka mUrti prApta huI hai| manuSya ke eka mukha aura do bhujAeM hotI haiM, lekina purANoM meM devoM ke aneka mukha aura bhujAe~ hone kI kalpanA pAyI jAtI hai| cAra se lekara bIsa-battIsa bhujA deva-deviyoM ke dhAraNa karane kA hindUzAstra meM vidhAna hai| devoM ke mukha ke sthAna para siMhamukha, azvamukha, barAhamukha, vRSabhamukha, pazumukha Adi bhI devatA dhAraNa karate dikhAyI par3ate hai| arvAcIna samaya meM aneka mukha yA bhujAoM kI kalpanA asvAbhAvika mAnI jAtI hai| lekina usameM bhI rahasya hai| aneka mukha aura bhujAe~ vividha devI-devatAoM ke bala aura svabhAva ke (usa prAsaMgika samaya ke) pratIka hai| misra, bebiloniyA aura asIriyA meM bhI isa taraha prAsaMgika prakAra kI prAkRtiyoM ke bhavya svarUpa hote the, unake avazeSa aba bhI milate haiN| zAyada yUropa meM aise svarUpoM kA prabhAva rahA hogaa| mIna meM spIkana karake mati hotI hai usakA mukha manuSya kA aura zarIra hotA hai siMha kaa| irAna meM bhI vRSabha kA zarIra aura mukha manuSya kA hotA haiN| devI-devatAoM kI zakti yA svabhAva kA darzaka rUpa yaha pratIka sAmAnya AdamI ko bhI jJAta ho sake, isIlie devatA ko vizeSa bhujA yA mukha dekara vizeSa rUpa meM prakaTa kiyA jAtA thaa| pramukha pUjanIya mUrti kA mukhabhAva yauvanayukta, suMdara hAsya prakaTa karanevAlA honA caahie| lekina kAlI mAM, mahiSAsura mardinI, hiraNyakazyapa, Adi kI mUrtiyoM kA bhAva unake mukhya svabhAvAnusAra raudra honA caahie| 'samarAMgaNa sUtradhAra' meM jo dasa bhAva kahe gaye haiM, unakA vizeSataH nATaka yA citra meM upayoga hotA hai / acchA zilpI zilpa meM bhI bhAva vyakta kara sakatA hai| vidyA aura kalA kI zukrAcArya ne bahuta spaSTa vyAkhyA kI hai / vidyA ananta aura kalAe~ anaginaMta haiN| phira bhI sAmAnyataH 32 prakAra kI vidyA aura 64 prakAra kI kalAe~ kahI gayI haiN| jo kArya vANI se ho sake vaha vidyA, aura kucha AdamI milakara jo kArya kara sakeM vaha kalA, aisI bhI eka vyAkhyA kI gayI hai| citra, zilpa, nRtya Adi mUka bhAva se kiye jAte haiM / vaha kalA ke svarUpa mAne jAte haiN| mUrti kI zailiyA~ vaise to mUrti vidhAna ke svarUpa sabhI jagaha eka se hote haiM, lekina deza-kAla ke bhedAnusAra usake svarUpa nirUpaNa meM bhinnatA bhI dikhAI detI hai / prAdezika paraMparAoM ke anusAra svAbhAvika rUpa se zilpa vidhAna meM zailI-bheda dekhane ko milate hai| mauryakAla ke bAda zuMgakAla kA udaya huaa| zuMgakAla meM sAMcI ke stUpa ke kaTahare, daravAje, toraNa prAdi bane / usa kAla meM anya pradezoM meM pakAI huI miTTI (mRnmaya) kI suMdara mUrtiyAM bhI hotI thiiN| zuMgakAla ke bAda kuzAna aura saptavAhanakAla meM pratimA vidhAna kI do prakAra kI zailiyA~ pracAra meM aayiiN| sarahada prAnta yAnI uttara paMjAba ke AsapAsa ke pradezoM meM pravartita gAMdhAra zailI aura dUsarI mathurA shailii| 1. gAMdhAra zailI ___ bauddha saMpradAya ke mUrti vidhAna meM yaha zailI dikhAI detI hai| aisI mUrtiyAM IsA pUrva 300 se I.sa. 50 taka patthara yA cUne meM se banAyI jAtI thiiN| usameM tAdRzyatA aura sapramANatA vizeSa dikhAI detI hai| mUrti ke mastaka ke bAla dhuMgharAle hote haiN| gAMdhAra zailI para yUnAnI prabhAva hai aura usa para bhAratIya zailI kA prabhAva nahIM hone kI bAta kaI pAzcAtya vidvAna karate haiN| pAzcAtyoM meM DA0 hAveka aura hamAre purAtattvajJoM meM DA0 agravAla aura DA0 kumArasvAmI jaise samartha purAtattvajJoM kA maMtavya hai ki gAMdhAra zailI bhAratIya hI hai| usa pradeza ke aura usa kAla ke zilpiyoM kI isI prakAra kI zailI thI, use bAhara se apanAI huI zailI kyoM kara kahA jA sakatA hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

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mUrtipUjA 2. mathurA zailI kuzAna kAla mathurA zailI kI mUrti vidhAna kA kalA kendra thaa| zuMga kAla kI kalA aura kuzAnoM ke rAjyAzraya se isa mathurA zailI kA udbhava huA thA, aisA kaI vidvAna mAnate haiM / 1 kuzAna kAla ke pazcAta nAgabhAra zailI kA kAla aayaa| usa samaya kI mUrtiyoM para azoka kAla kA prabhAva hai| nAgabhAra zailI ke bAda vAkATako kA rAjyakAla AyA / guptakAlIna samaya bhAratIya kalA meM sarvottama mAnA jAtA hai| guptakAlIna zilpiyoM kI adbhuta zilpakRtiyoM meM sarvAMga suMdara ramaNIyatA, bhAvamAdhurya, ghara surUpatA aba bhI usa kAla ke avazeSoM meM dekhane ko milatI hai| guptakAla kI zailI sabhI saMpradAyoM meM eka sI dikhAI detI hai / gupta kAla ke rAjA kalArasika aura kalA - kovida hone se unake rAjyakAla meM lalita kalA kA bahuta adhika vikAsa huaa| guptakAla ko suvarNayuga bhI isI kAraNa kahA jAtA hai / guptakAla ke bAda I.sa. 600 se 900 taka ke yuga ko pUrva madhyakAla kahA jAtA hai| usa kAla meM kannauja meM suprasiddha rAjA harSavardhana rAjya karate the| cInI yAtrI hyu-ena-syA~ga bhI usI samaya bhArata kI yAtrA para zrAyA thA / guptakAla kI kalA kA prabhAva gupta rAjAoM ke asta ke bAda 200-300 varSa taka utanA hI prabala banA rhaa| bhuvanezvara, koNArkaka, khajurAho, mAlavA ke paramAra prAsAda tathA karNAka rAjAoM ne mUrtikalA ko jabaradasta protsAhana diyA thaa| gujarAta, rAjasthAna ke cauhAna, rAThaur3a, solaMkI, pAMDya Adi rAjAoM ne apane rAjyakAla meM zilpakalA ko bahuta protsAhana diyA thaa| tAmilanADu, cola aura hoyasala rAjavaMzoM ne bhI bar3e prAsAdoM ke ati bhavya nirmANa karavAye the / uttara- madhyakAla ke bAda IsA kI cauthI sadI ke AraMbha se arvAcIna kAla taka mUrtikalA rAjya aura zrImaMtoM ke protsAhana para hI TikI rahI aura vidharmiyoM ke AkramaNa ke kAraNa zilpakalA kA vikAsa sthagita ho gyaa| vidharmI isake lie bahuta jimmedAra haiN| prAcIna kAla ke sthApatyoM kA vinAza uttara bhArata meM hI vizeSa rUpa se huA / bhArata ke pratyeka pradeza meM vizAla mahAprAsAdoM kA jo sthApatya nirmANa huA, aura adbhuta mUrtiyoM kA jo sarjana huA, vaha vidharmiyoM kI dharmAMdhatA se 12vIM zatAbdI ke bAda naSTa ho gayA aura bhavya sthApatya kalA kA vikAsa maMda ho gyaa| qhAsa karake vidharmI jahAM-jahAM rahe, vahAM hindU sthApatyoM kA vinAza huaa| vizeSataH uttara bhArata meN| unake pattharoM yA avazeSoM meM se unhoMne masjideM, makabare, daragAheM Adi taiyAra karavAI / For Private And Personal Use Only uttara bhArata kI apekSA dakSiNa bhArata meM hamArI kalA kA nAza apekSAkRta kama huA, lekina usakA vikAsa to ruka hI gyaa| deva mUrtiyA~ yoga kI bhinna-bhinna mudrAoM meM hotI haiN| unake varNa, vAhana, Ayudha, AbhUSaNa, Asana, Adi bhinna-bhinna zilpa graMtho meM varNita hai / isa taraha pratimA ke lAMchana ( cinha - pratIka) se yA usake parikara se yA AbharaNa se yA unake lakSaNa svarUpa se vaha kauna se deva kI pratimA hai, yaha pahacAnA jAtA hai| isake alAvA hastamudrA, pAdamudrA, zarIra mudrA aura nRtya bhAva bhI mUrtizAstra ke hI aMga haiN| yahA~ hama krama se vaha sabhI aMgo kI carcA kareMge /

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aGga:dvitIya na-pramANa: tAlamAna (Iconometry or Measurement of Idol: Talman) bhinna-bhinna devI-devatAoM kI laMbAI-caur3AI, UMcAI Adi ke tAlamAna aura pramANa vividha prakAra ke haiN| zilpa-graMtha ke alAvA purANa aura nItizAsra ke graMthoM meM bhI isa viSaya kI savistara carcA kI gayI hai| maharSi zukrAcArya aura 'viveka vilAsakAra' prAcArya jinadatta sUri kA zAstrIya mata isa kaThina viSaya ko bahuta saralatA se spaSTa karatA hai| yukA, yava, Adi para se prAMgula kA, aura usa para se gaja-hasta kA pramANa nizcita huA hai| isa nApa kA upayoga sthApatya nirmANa meM bhI hotA hai| mUrti nirmANa ke kArya meM yavAMgula (yA mAtrAMgula) kA nApa ginA jAtA hai| usake alAvA zilpIgaNa dehalabdhAMgula ke anusAra nApa lete haiN| zilpIgaNa mukhamAna se saMpUrNa avayava kI kalpanA karate haiN| mUrti-vidhAna meM mUrti kI racanA ke lie 'tAlamAna' kA nApa diyA hai| tAlamAnaH 'tAlasya dvAdazAMgula' arthAta bAraha prAMgula yA bAraha bhAga ko tAla samajhanA cAhiye / pratimA ke lalATa se dAr3hI taka ke cehare ko eka tAlamAna nApa kahate haiN| isase hama tAlamAna ke pramANa kI kalpanA kara sakate haiN| 'matsyapurANa' meM isa prakAra spaSTa varNana hai ki : mukhAmAnena kartavyA sarvAvayava kalpayet (pra. 25741) 'viveka vilAsa' meM bhI spaSTa kahA hai ki: "navattAla bhavedruyaM tAlasya dvAdazAMgulam prAMgulAnIna kaMbAyA kintu rUpasya tasyahi !!" 135 sarga-1. pratimA kI UMcAI navatAla kI rakhanI caahie| bAraha aMgula kA eka tAla hotA hai| lekina yahAM, kaMbAsUtra ke anusAra, gaja ke maMgula na lete hue, pratimA ke hI lene cAhiye / arthAt aMgula kA artha iMca nahIM, lekina vibhAga samajhanA caahie| maharSi zukrAcAryajI kahate haiM ki : "svasvamuSTazcaturthAMzo hayaMgalaM parikIrtitam tadaMguladizAMgulAbhirbhavetAlasya dIrghatA // 6-82 // apanI hI muTThI ke caturthAMza ko eka aMgula mAnanA cAhiye / aise bAraha aMgula kA eka tAla jAnanA caahiye| purANa, saMhitA, nItizAsra aura donoM maharSiyoM ke kathanAnusAra tAla kA artha (mejarameMTa) do phuTa ke gaja ke 24 aMgula nahIM, lekina pratimA ke hI pramANa se 8-9-10 tAlamAna-usake vibhAga se AnevAle anukrama se 96"-108"-120" ko aMgula ke bhAga kahanA ucita hogaa| For Private And Personal Use Only

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pratimA mAna-pramANa : tAlamAna kamazaH eka se pA~ca tAlamAna pramANa ke prAsa, haMsa, gaja, prazna aura bAlaka ELEPHANT 3 TALA CHILD HEIGHT 5 TALA 2 TALA BIRD GRASA I TALA HORSE 4 TALA deva-devI, vAhana, vaitAla-dAnava, daityAdi kI pratimAoM kI U~cAI ke zAstrokta tAla isa prakAra hai :1 tAla. grAsa 9, sarva devatA 15 , rAhu, bhRgu, cAmuNDA 2, pakSI , rAma, balarAma, rudra, brahmA, 16 , krUra devatAoM kI mUrti, viSNu, siddha, jina hiraNyakazyapa, hiraNAkSa, kinnara, prazva skaMdha, hanumaMta, bhUta, caMDI rAvaNa, kuMbhakaraNa, namuMci, vRSabha, zUkara, vAmana, bAlaka vaitAla, bhairava, narasiMha, nizuMbha, zuMbha, mahiSAsura, gaNeza, vArAha, kumAra hayagrIva pizAca, asura, krUra devatA, mAnava ___, rAkSasa jayamukula, ityAdi. sarva deviyA~ 14 , daitya, dAnava 3 , hAthI For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA pA~ca tAlamAna pramANa ke vRSabha aura zUkara ox 5 TALA HOG 5 TALA aparAjita pRcchAkAra ne svacchanda bhairava kI mahAkAya mUrti 21 tAla kI kahI hai| isa tAla ke viSaya meM bhinna-bhinna graMthoM meM mata-matAMtara haiN| deva-devI ityAdi ke aMgapramANa ke mAna sAmAnya kahe haiN| paraMtu itane bar3e tAlamAna kI mUrtiyA~ Adhunika kAla ke bhArata meM bahuta kama milatI haiN| prAcIna kAla meM aisI bhavya vizAla mAna kI mUrtiyAM banatI thiiN| udAharaNArtha bAhubalI (maisUra), nidrAstha buddha (ajaMtA) Adi kI mUrtiyA~ / chaha tAlamAna ke varAha, vAmana aura gaNeza IALA / VARAH VAMAN vAmana varAha GANESH gaNeza For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra L......... pratimA mAna pramANa : sAlamAna navatAla kI pratimA ke vibhAga isa taraha haiM: 1 tAla mukha - - kaMTha kaMTha se hRdaya hRdaya se nAbhi 1 tAla nAbhi se guhyabhAga - 1 tAla - 4 aMgula 1 tAla MAN 7 TALA mukha 4" kapAle 4" nAsikA ThuDDI 4 galA 12" hRdaya 12" nAbhi 12" guhya www.kobatirth.org guhyabhAga se jaMghA ghuTanA (ghuMTaNa) jAMgha-paira paira kI ghuTanI se nIce DEVANGANA - APSARA 8 TALA For Private And Personal Use Only ppITT * 2 tAla 4 a~gula 2 tAla 4 aMgula - Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 9 tAlamAna =28x3 DEVATA 24" sAthama 4" ghuTanA 24" jaMghA se paira 4" paira 108 maMta 9 TALA 12-1312 1121-12 ly

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HEIGHT Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 9 TALA - 108 PART 12 12 12 3 +3" 12 - 3" DEVATA - SIDE 9 TALA 24" ITALA SVULL 3- TALA + SHIKHAI BRAHMA PRADESH I TALA - TALAI Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra TALAI -- 9 - TALA - - 2 TALA - TALA -HEIGHT- - - 2 TALA -

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pratimA mAna-pramANa : tAlamAna dasa tAlamAna kI pratimAe : zrIrAma, hana aura balarAma 10 TALA RUDRA 10-TALA BALRAM 10 TALA SRI RAM gyAraha tAlamAna ke kArtikeya, hanumanta aura bhUta UAwwalimay RECS . U TALA KARTIKEY 11 TALA KANUMANT 11 TALA BHUT For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 12 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA maharSi zukrAcArya ne yugAnusAra deha ke tAlamAna kahe haiN| satyayuga meM daza tAla (120 aMgula), tretAyuga meM navatAla (108 aMgula), dvApara yuga meM ATha tAla (96 aMgula), aura kaliyuga ke prAraMbha meM, sAta tAla (84 aMgula) ke pramANa kA dehamAna karane kA Adeza diyA gayA hai / vartamAna kaliyuga ke madhya meM sAdhAraNa manuSya kI UMcAI cha: tAla (72 se 64 aMgula) taka kI rahI hai| kAla ke prabhAva se manuSya-deha kada meM choTI hotI calI gayI hai / aba hama navatAla kI pratimA ke vibhAga dekheM Lumin navatApramANe tAlamitaM smRtam caturaMGagula bhavedgrIvA tAlena hRdayaM punaH // 1 // nAbhyAstamAdadhaH kAryA tAlanakena zobhitA nAbhyAghazva bhavenameMdra bhAgamekena vA punaH // 2 // dvitAlauhyAyatAgurU jAnuvI caturaGgulam aMdhe usame kAryA mulkAvyazvaturaMGgalam / / 3 / / navatAlAtmakamida kezAnta vyaMGagulaH kAryamAnat zikhAvadhi kezAn guruH kAryamAna dizAvayA vibhajetsaptASTa dazatAlikAm (zukranIti zradhyAya 6 ) nau tAlamAna kI mUrti ke udaya vibhAga isa taraha haiM / mukha ekatAla, kaMTha cAra aMgula kaMTha se hRdaya chAtI eka tAla, hRdaya se nAbhi eka tAla, nAbhi se guhya bhAga eka tAla, guhya se sAthama do tAla, paira kI ghuTanI cAra aMgula paira ke nale do tAla, paira kI ghuTanI kA nicalA bhAga cAra aMgula hote haiN| navatAla kA nApa, kapAla se paira taka kA, kuzala zilpiyoM ne kahA hai / kapAla se mastaka ke keza taka ke tIna aMgula vizeSa lene caahie| navatAla kI pratimA kA jo pramANa diyA gayA hai, usI taraha 7-8 - 10 tAlamAna ke pramANa anusAra saba avayava ke trairAzika se sabhI avayavoM kI kalpanA karanI caahie| ( zukranIti - pra. 6104 ) bAraha se paMdraha tAlamAna ke vaitAla, rAkSasa, daitya aura bhRgaRSi 12 TALA VAITAL betAla www.kobatirth.org 13 TALA 90 RAXAS rAkSama Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 14 TALA DAITYA daitya For Private And Personal Use Only 15 BHRAGU RISHI bhRgu RSI

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aGgaH tRtIya pratimA kA varNa aura usakA vAstudravya (Idol : Colour and Material Used) hareka mUrti ke pRthaka-pRthaka varNa-raMga zilpazAstroM citrazAstroM aura anya graMthoM meM varNita hai| yUM to raMga kA saMbaMdha citra ke sAtha hai, so vizeSataH raMga cinopayogI hai| mUrtizAstra meM raMga kA upayoga atialpa mAtrA meM hotA hai| kaI devatAoM kA varNa suvarNa raMga kA hai| unakI mUrti pIle varNa ke patthara meM se banAI jAtI hai / kaI raktavarNa, to kaI zyAmavarNa, to kaI nIlavarNa kI mUrtiyAM bhI zilpazAstroM meM varNita hai| varNa ke anusAra hI mUrtiyAM banAne kA prAgraha zAstroM meM kiyA gayA hai / 'viSNu-dharmottara' aura 'abhilASitArtha citAmaNi' mAdi graMthoM meM pratyeka deva ke svarUpa alaga-alaga vargoM ke sAtha varNita haiN| kaI devatAoM ke varNa unake viziSTa guNoM ke anusAra nirdhArita kiye gaye haiN| deva-prAsAda meM mUla nAyaka devatA kI eka pramukha pratimA usake varNita varNa ke anusAra banAne kA Adeza mAnya rakhanA yajamAna kI zraddhA para avalaMbita hai| udA0 jaina saMpradAya meM pArzvanAtha kI mUrti kA varNa zyAma hai, zivamaMdiroM meM zivaliMga kA varNa vizeSa rUpa se zyAma hI hotA hai| solaha vidyAdeviyoM kA varNa bhI bhinna-bhinna hai| zyAma, pIta, zveta Adi meM jisa raMga kA pASANa prApta ho sake, usa pASANa meM se pratimA banAIjAtI hai| kRSNa, durgA, kAlikA, jina pArzvanAtha Adi ko zyAmavarNa ke kahA gayA hai| unakI aneka mUrtiyAM zyAma varNa ke patthara meM banI huI hai| meghazyAma viSNu, nIlAMbara balarAma, raktavarNa sUrya, gauravarNa rohiNI aura yama tathA bhairava Adi ko vikRta zyAmavarNa kAhA gayA hai| pramukha pratimA ko varNAnusAra banAne kA prayatna karanA caahie| anya pratimAoM ke lie bhI ho sake to unhIM ke varNAnusara patthara lenA caahie| phira bhI jahAM yaha saMbhava na ho, vahAM vahIM ke sthAnIya pASANa meM se pratimAeM banAnI caahie| ve patthara ke upayoga kA utkRSTa udAharaNa haiN| bhArata ke alaga-alaga pradezoM meM se prApta pASANa jisa varNa ke hote haiM, unhIM ke maMdira aura mUrtiyA~ banatI hai| uttara bhArata meM . rAjasthAna-makarANA meM zveta aura gulAbI raMga kA saMgamarmara milatA hai / jaisalamera, saurASTra aura kaccha ke kaI bhAgoM meM pItavarNa (suvarNavarNa) kA mArabala (saMgamarmara) prApta hotA hai| mevAr3a, kesariyAjo meM zvetavarNa kA mArabala milatA hai| DUMgarapura aura jayapura ke pAsa zyAma varNa kA bhezalAnA kA patthara milatA hai| DUMgarapura meM zyAmavarNa ke bajAya kabUtara ke raMga jaisA patthara milatA hai| use zilpiyoM ne 'pArevA' patthara nAma diyA hai| dakSiNa meM grenAiTa kA pASANa milatA hai| usameM se zyAma mUrti banatI hai| utsAhI yajamAna anya pradezoM meM se apanI jarUrata ke anusAra, usI varNa kA patthara bar3I kaThinAiyoM se prApta karate haiM, aura zAna meM varNita raMga kI mUrtiyAM bar3I zraddhA se banAte haiM, aise, ullekha prAcIna graMthoM meM se milate haiN| pratimA ke lie acchA, sakhta, sucikkaNa ho sake aisA pASANa pasaMda kiyA jAtA hai| pASANa kI parIkSA tIna prakAra se hotI hai / 1. puliMga, 2. srI liMga, aura 3. napuMsaka liNg| jo patthara uttama AvAja de vaha puliMga, jo madhyama AvAja kare vaha srI liMga aura jisakI AvAja hI na ho vaha napuMsaka liNg| puliMga pASANa meM se deva mUrtiyAM banAI jAtI haiN| sI liMga patthara meM se devI kI mUrtiyA~, pIThikA aura ziva kI jalAghArI banAyI jAtI hai| aura napuMsaka liMga ke patthara meM se deva maMdira, rAjamahAlaya Adi banAyA jAtA hai| zivamaMdira meM ina tInoM pattharoM kA upayoga hotA hai| napuMsaka liMga se maMdira, puliMga se zivaliMga aura strI liMga se jalAdhArI-yoni yA devI mUrtiyAM banAI jAtI hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

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14 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA mUrti ke vAstudravya meM pASANa, miTTI, iMTa, kASTha aura dhAtu kI mUrtiyAM banAne kA bhI Adeza hai| aura isa prakAra kI prAcIna mUrtiyAM aba bhI milatI haiN| vizeSataH aisI bauddha mUrtiyAM jyAdA milatI hai| prAcInakAla meM miTTI kI mUrtiyAM banAkara unheM bhaTThe meM DAlakara pakAte the| patthara ke prakAra aura guNadoSa kI taraha kASTha ke bhI prakAra aura guNa-doSa dhyAna meM lekara mUrtiyAM banAnI cAhiye / sAmAnyataH gAMTha aura darAra (keka) na ho, aise kASTha meM se mUrtiyAM banAnI caahie| pASANa, mRttikA (miTTI) aura kASTha ke alAvA, dhAtu ko bhI vAstudravya meM ginA jAtA hai| dhAtu ke prakAra, usakA mizraNa Adi saMbaMdhI varNana vAstuzAstra viSayaka graMthoM meM varNana milate haiN| "zailAnAjAt lohatjam zreSTham"pASANa kI mUrti se dhAtu kI mUrti zreSTha kahI gayI hai / aSTa dhAtu, paMca dhAtu, aura mizra dhAtu ko loha kahA gayA hai| cAMdI, sonA, tAmra, jastA, zIzA, kalaI, aura loha, yaha sAtoM zuddha dhAtu hai| kalaI, jastA aura tAmra ke mizraNa se kAMsA banatA hai : tAmra aura jaste ke mizraNa se pItala banatA hai| dhAtu kI mUrti banAne ke lie eka mana pItala, pAMca sera tAmra athavA eka mana pItala aura DhAI sera tAmra milAkara usameM DhAI pAva sonA DAlakara aura use pighalAkara pratimA banAI jAtI hai| arvAcInakAla meM yajamAna kI icchAnusAra dhAtu kA mizraNa karake kalAkAra mUrtiyAM banAte haiN| tAMbA, rUpA, sonA, pItala aura sapheda zIzA, ina pAMcoM dhAtuoM kA mizraNa karake, usameM tAMbe kI mAtrA bar3hAkara, jo raktavarNI mizra dhAtu banAI jAtI hai, use paMcadhAtu kahate hai| dhAtu kI mUrtiyAM banAne kI vidhi jaina graMtha "prAcArya dinakara" meM varNita hai| IsA pUrva kAla kI banI huI dhAtu kI aisI mUrtiyAM nAlandA, gAMdhAra aura tibbata meM milI hai| guptakAla meM dhAtuoM kI aisI mUrtiyAM banAne kI kalA kA bahuta acchA vikAsa huA thaa| jAvA-syAma meM bhI dhAtuoM kI suMdara mUrtiyAM maujuda haiN| dravir3a pradeza meM dhAtuoM kI mUrtiyAM vizeSa banAI jAtI thiiN| nepAla meM kASTha mUrtiyoM ke Upara dhAtu ke patare lagAye hue haiN| yaha zailI gujarAta meM bhI do sau varSoM se pracalita hai| dravir3a meM khokhalI mUrtiyAM banAnA dharma mAnA jAtA hai| prAsAda meM pratiSThita mUrti ke alAvA dhAtu kI calamUrtiyAM bhI hotI hai| ina calamUrtiyoM ko utsavAdi prasaMga meM sAre gAMva meM dhUmadhAma se phirAyA jAtA hai| calamUrti ko bhoga mUrti bhI kahate haiN| draviDa pradeza meM ( kuMbha kAlam ) dhAtu mUrtiyAM banAnevAle zilpiyoM kA bar3A parivAra bhI hai| mUrti ke cAra prakAra hai : 1. yAnaka, 2. sthAnaka, 3. Asana aura 4. zayana. (1) yAnaka : isa prakAra meM vAhana para baiThI huI naudurgA kI mUrtiyAM, kalki avatAra kI azvArUr3ha mUrti, yA zItalA mAtA kI gardabha para baiThI mUrti hotI hai| (2) sthAnaka : isa prakAra meM khar3I mUrtiyoM ke svarUpa dikhAI dete haiN| udA0 brahmA, viSNu, ziva, sUrya Adi / (3) Asana : isa prakAra meM bhinna-bhinna Asana lagAkara baiThI huI mUrtiyAM dikhAI detI haiN| udA0 gaNeza, yA padmAsana lagAkara baiThI huI jaina yA bauddha mUrtiyAM / (4) zayana : isa prakAra kI mUrtiyAM sotI huI hotI haiN| udA0 zeSazAyI viSNu, buddha nirvANakAla aadi| alpa pUjana vidhi ke liye miTTI (mRttikA) kI mUrti banAkara usakA pUjana karake use jala meM visarjita kiyA jAtA hai| mahArASTra meM gaNeza kI aisI mUrtiyAM pUjA ke bAda jala meM visarjita kI jAtI haiN| zrAvaNa mAsa meM miTTI kA pArthiva liMga banAkara usakI sabhI prakAra kI pUjA vidhi pUrNa karane ke bAda bhAdrapada zukla meM use jala meM visarjita karate haiN| __ maMdiroM meM sthira aura jaMgama prakAra kI mUrtiyAM bhI rakhI jAtI hai| pUjanIya mukhya mUrti apane nizcita sthAna para sthApita kI gaI hotI hai| use sthira mUrti kahate haiM aura usI devatA kI dhAtu kI choTI mUrti maMdira meM rakhI jAye, use calita mUrti kahA jAtA hai| devoM ke utsava prasaMgoM meM cala mUrtiyoM ko pAlakI meM rakhakara sAre zahara meM ghamAyA jAtA hai| IsA kI dUsarI yA tIsarI zatAbdI kI, jahA~ patthara prApta ho sakatA thA, aise pradeza meM bhI miTTI kI suMdara pratimAeM milI hai| zAyada usa kAla meM una pradezoM meM khadAna meM se patthara nikAlane kI kalA kA adhika vikAsa nahIM huA hogaa| mUrti athavA pratimA ke nirmANa ke lie bhinna-bhinna granthoM meM 7 yA 9 prakAra ke vAstu-dravya varNita hai| cha: prakAra ke dhAtu dravyoM kI mUrtiyA~ banAI jAtI haiN| vaha chaH dhAtu isa prakAra hai : sonA, cAMdI, tAMbA, kAMsA, zIzA aura aSTa loh| rala, sphaTika, pravAla, pASANa Adi cAra ke ratna dravyoM kI mUrtiyAM bhI banAI jAtI hai| reta, mRttikA, kaMkariyAM, lepa aura kASTha dravya kI mUrtiyAM bhI dikhAI detI hai| vividha raMgo kA prayoga karake citra-mUrti bhI banAI jAtI hai| isa taraha 16 prakAra ke dravya, mUrti-nirmANa ke lie bhinna-bhinna granthoM meM varNita hai| lohe kI pratimA banAne kA zAstroM meM niSedha kahA hai| isIlie sirpha lohe meM se svataMtra mUrti nahIM banAyI jAto, paraMtu usameM sonA, tAmra prAdi dhAtu ke rasa kA mizraNa kiyA jAtA hai| use praSTa loha kahate haiN| For Private And Personal Use Only

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aMGga : caturtha hastamudrAyeM (Position of Hands ) hastamudrAoM ke lae tAMtrika graMthoM meM, brAhmaNa kriyamANa graMthoM meM, nATyazAsra meM, yoga meM aura mAgama graMthoM meM vipula sAhitya bharA par3A hai| kaI vidvAna mudrAoMko tIna varga meM vibhAjita karate haiN| vaidika, tAMtrika aura laukika / vaidika meM kalA kI 64 mudrAye varNita haiN| taMtra meM 108 mudrAyeM kahI gayI hai| mahArAjA bhojadeva ke 'samarAMgaNa sUtradhAra' meM mudrAmoM ke viSaya meM tIna adhyAya prastuta kiye hai / unameM mudrAoMkA vistRta varNana milatA hai / nRtya aura yoga kI 64 hastamudrAyeM kahI gaI hai| unameM se pratyeka ke nAma bhI diye gaye hai| hastamudrAyeM saMketasUcaka hai / yasta-mudrA ke do prakAra kahe haiM : aMguli-mudrA aura hstmudraa| hastamudrAyeM 64, pAdamudrAyeM 6 aura zarIramudrAyeM 9 kahI hai| aura una sabake aura bhI varga haiN| eka hasta kI mudrAyeM 24, do hAtha se honevAlI mudrAyeM 13 aura nRtyamudrAyeM 21 kahI hai aura una sabake nAma bhI diye gaye haiN| aMgulImudrAyeM : 1 varada hastamudrAyeM : 1 kaTyavalaMbita-kaTimadrA 2 abhaya 2 gajahasta mudrA 3 tarjanI 3 siMhakarNa mudrA 4 jJAnamudrA 4 karapuTa mudrA-daMDa mudrA aMgulimudrA ke lakSaNa 1. varadamudrAH sIdhe hAtha kA paMjA nIce kI aura rakhakara, bhakta para prasannatA se varadAna detI mudrA ko varada mudrA kahate haiN| udAharaNArtha lokya, vijayAdevI / / 2. abhaya mudrA : sIdhe hAtha kA paMjA khar3A rakhakara bhakta ko abhaya vacana detI mudrA ko abhaya mudrA khtehaiN| udAharaNArtha tripurAdevI, pArvatI, IzvarI, manezvarI / 3. tarjanI mudrA : aMgUThe ke najadIka kI aMgulI ko tarjanI kahate haiN| tarjanI mudrA meM tarjanI sIdhI hotI hai, aura usake bAda kI tInoM uMgaliyAM mur3I huI hotI hai| sUrya ke pratihAroMkI yaha mudrA hotI hai| 4. jJAna mudrA : upadeza detI hAtha kI aMguliyoM kI mudrA ko jJAnamudrA kahate haiM / aMgulimudrAyeM zilpa aura nRtya kalA meM aMguli-mudrA kA sthAna viziSTa hai / aMgulimudrAyeM kriyA kI saMketa-sUcaka (Symbols) banakara mana ke bhAva prakaTa karatI hai| nRtya meM aMgabhaMgI, hastamudrA, aMgulimudrA, aAMkheM aura pAdacAlana bhAvoM ke parivartana prakaTa karate haiN| jabaki mUrtiyoM meM to koI eka hI viziSTa bhAva prakaTa hotA hai / dRSTi calita na hone ke kAraNa mUrti meM eka hI samaya para eka hI bhAva prakaTa ho sakatA hai| mUrti meM eka hI sthira mudrA hotI hai| jaba ki nRtya meM eka vizeSa lAbha usakI halana-calana kI vajaha se milatA hai| hI viziSTa bhAva prakalA , aMgulimudrA, prAMkheM aura pAdacAyAko saMketa-sUcaka (Symbole, For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 16 Eks KATAK kaTaka 2. gajahasta yA daMDahasta mudrA : 3. siMhakA mudrA VARD barda GAJADAND najadaMDa B GNAN MUDRA gyAnamudrA www.kobatirth.org hAthI kI sUMDa yA daMDa kI taraha hAtha rakhane kI mudrA 1 (a) bhUmisparza mudrA hAtha nIce rakhakara siMha ke do kAna jaisI mudrA / hastamudrAoM ke lakSaNa : 1. kAkAMcI mudrA kamara para hAtha rakhA gayA ho, aisI mudrA / udAharaNArtha viThobA kI mUrti / TARJANI tarjanI zrAzvaryaM prakaTa karatI mudrA ko vismaya mudrA kahate haiM / SUCHI suci ABHAY abhaya WYAKHYAN MUDRA vyAkhyAnamudrA Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 4. karasaMpuTa mudrA do hAtha ke paMje saMpuTa kI taraha jor3ane kI mudrA ko karasaMpuTa mudrA kahate haiN| do adhika mudrAyeM isa prakAra haiM : (a) vismaya mudrA: bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA For Private And Personal Use Only KATYAVALAMBI MUDRA kaTayAbalaMbIta mudrA padmAsanayukta mUrti ke dAhine hAtha kI uMgalI se bhUmi sparza karane kA bhAva dikhAtI mudrA ko bhUmisparza mudrA kahate haiN| dhyAnI, yogI isa mudrA meM baiThate haiM / vizeSataH bauddhamUrtiyAM isa mudrA meM pAyI jAtI haiM / buddha kI Asanastha mUrti kI yahI mudrA hai| abhaya, varada, tarjanI, jJAnamudrA aura bhUmisparza mudrAyeM uttara bhArata kI pratimAnoM meM vizeSa mAtrA meM dRSTigocara hotI haiN| anya mudrA draviDa zilpa meM vizeSa pAyI jAtI haiN| patAkA aura vipatAkA zivanaTarAja ke rUpa meM tAMDava aura saMhAra tAMDava kI mudrAyeM varNita haiN| bauddha zAstra meM jJAna - vyAkhyAna ko saMdarzana mudrA kahA gayA hai| bauddhoM aura jainoM kI Asanastha mUrti kI goda meM eka hathelI para dUsarI hathelI rakhI huI hotI hai; ise yogamudrA kahate haiN| viSNu aura ziva kI mudrA ko bhI yoga mudrA kahA gayA hai| 'aparAjita' kAra ne svacchaMda bhairava kI mahAkAya ikkIsa tAla kI mUrti ke do hAtha kI yoni mudrA kahI hai| hasta pAda aura mukhAdi kI sthiti, gati aura prAkRti se nRtya ke bhAva abhivyakta hote haiN| ziva kI yogamUrti ke alAvA brAhmaNa

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hasta mudrAyeM karapuTamudrA siMhaVIY gajahamta kaTaghavalaMbita KARPUTMUDRA GAJHASTA SINHA KARNA bhUmisparza KATYAVALAMBIT BHUMISPARSH pratimA ke lakSaNa meM mudrAyeM bahuta alpa hai / bauddhoM meM mudrAoM kA prayoga vizeSa mAtrA meM pAyA jAtA hai| jaisA ki hama dekha cuke haiM, bhArata ke mUrti-vidhAna meM varada, abhaya, tarjanI aura jJAnamudrAoM kA hI vizeSa prayoga huA hai| hAtha aura uMgalI kI sthiti darzAtI huI zailI meM uttara bhArata kI mUrtiyoM se dakSiNa bhArata kI mUrtiyAM alaga dikhatI hai| hAtha kI uMgaliyoM kI mudrAmoM meM, bhAratIya zilpiyoM ne jaise prANa phUMka diye hai, aura unhoMne pASANa jaise mUka mAdhyama meM mana kI prAMtarika vRttiyoM kA prakaTIkaraNa kiyA hai| "viSNu dharmottara" ke anusAra nRtyakalA kA prANa bhAvAbhivyakti hai, aura bhAvAbhivyakti mudrAoM dvArA pradarzita hotI hai| varadamudrA, abhayamudrA, jJAnamudrA, tarjanImudrA, siMhakarNamudrA, patAkA-vipatAkA Adi eka hAtha kI mudrAyeM haiM aura do hAtha se honevAlI mudrAyeM bhI varNita haiN| daraasala ye sabhI mudrAyeM mUrtizAstra ke liye upayogI nahIM hai / uttara bhArata ke mUrtizAsroM meM sirpha tIna mudrAoM kA prayoga hotA hai / varada, abhaya aura trjnii| jabaki dravir3a zilpa meM ina tIna ke sivA kaTaka, kaTyavalaMbita, sUci, vyAkhyAna, jJAna, aura gajadaMDa mudrA bhI pAtI hai / abhaya ABHAY parda gyAnamudrA GNANMUDRA suci kaTaka KATAK VARD SUCHI tajinI TARJINI gyAnamudrA GNANMUDRA aMjalI ANJALI vismaya VISMAY For Private And Personal Use Only

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aGga : paMcam pAdamudrA aura zrAsana (Position of Feet) yoga ke prAsana aneka hai| prAgamoM meM ziva ke 84 pAsana varNita haiN| unameM battIsa mukhya mAne jAte haiN| paraMtu, unameM se pratimA vidhAna ke liye upayogI hoM, aise bahuta thor3e haiN| 1. yogAsana, padmAsana, svastikAsana 5. utkaTAsana 9. kUrmAsana 2. buddha padmAsana 6. gopAlAsana 10. siMhAsana 3. ardha paryakAsana-sukhAsana 7. vIrAsana 11. paryaMkAsana, 4. bhadrAsana-lalitAsana 8. pretAsana ye sabhI prAsana thor3e-bahuta parivartana ke sAtha mUrtividhAna meM pAye jAte haiN| inameM se kaI mAsanoM kI mudrAeM draviDa pradeza ke zilpoM meM vizeSa pAyI jAtI hai| to inameM se kaI pAsana nRtyabhAva ke bhI haiM / kUrmAsana aura siMhAsana mUrti vidhAna ke anurUpa mudrAeM nahIM haiM / ve yoga kI mudrAeM haiN| ___ 'ahirbudanya saMhitA' meM dasa prAsana varNita hai| 'suprabhedAgama' meM prAsanoM ke pAMca bheda kahe gaye haiM-jo uparokta AsanoM meM samAviSTa hai| mahArAjA bhojadeva ne 'samarAMgaNa sUtradhAra' meM pAdamudrAmoM ke 6 prakAra kahe haiN| zarIra mudrA, pAda mudrA aura prAsana, ye tInoM viSaya bhinna haiN| unake spaSTIkaraNa ke abhAva meM kaI prakAra ke mizraNa hote rahate haiN| isaliye yahAM unakA thak spaSTIkaraNa karane kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| 'pAsana' kA sAmAnya artha baiThanA-baiThaka hotA hai| usake Upara se AsanoM ko zarIra ke avayavoM kI kriyA kahI gaI hai| AsanoM ke lakSaNa 1 yogAsana, padmAsana, svastikAsanaH sAmAnya palathI lagAkara donoM hAtha goda meM rakhakara baiThanA, ise yogAsana yA padmAsana kahate haiN| dhyAnastha ziva, viSNu, yoga dakSiNAmUrti aura RSi-muniyoM ke prAsanoM kI yaha Asana-mudrA hotI hai| 'rudrayAmalataMtra' aura 'vaziSTa-yogasAra' meM ise svastikAsana kahate haiN| 2 baddha padmAsanaH donoM pairoM ko bA~dhakara palathI mArane se jaba donoM pairoM ke paMje khule dikhAI deM, aise Asana ko baddha padmAsana kahate haiN| goda meM donoM hAtha eka ke Upara dUsarA rakhakara lagAyA jAne vAlA Asana, baddha padmAsana se vizeSa bhinna nahIM hai| prAsanastha jaina, bauddha pratimAeM isa prakAra kI hotI haiN| 3 ardha paryakAsana, sukhAsanaH baiThaka para eka paira mor3akara, aura dUsare ko nIce laTakatA rakhakara baiThane ko ardhaparyakAsana kahate haiM / umA-maheza, lakSmInArAyaNa aura brahmA-sAvitrI kI yugma mUrtiyAM aura kaI deviyoM kI mUrtiyoM kI prAsanamudrA isa isa prakAra kI hotI hai| ise sukhAsana bhI kahate haiN| For Private And Personal Use Only

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pAdamudrA aura prAsana 4 bhadrAsana, kavitAsanaH baiThaka para baiThakara donoM paira khule laTakate rakhakara baiThane ko bhadrAsana yA lalitAsana kahate haiN| yaha bhI sukhAsana kA hI eka prakAra hai / isa prakAra ke AsanadhArI aneka deva deviyoM kI mUrtiyAM milatI haiM / 5 utkaTAsanaH ghuTanoM ko vastra se bA~dha kara, ardha baiThI sthiti ko utkaTAsana kahate haiN| dazAvatAra meM nRsiMha ke varNana meM yaha Asana batAyA gayA hai / uttara bhArata meM aisI koI mUrti nahIM miltii| dakSiNa meM zaMkara ke tIsare putra prAppA kI mUrti kA yahI zrAsana hai / 6 gopAlAsanaH kRSNa kI baMsI bajAtI khar3I mUrti kI mudrA ko gopAlAsana kahate haiM / yaha mudrA bhArata meM sabhI jagaha dikhAI detI hai / 7 vIrAsanaH eka paira zradhA khar3A rakhakara, dUsarA ghuTane se mor3akara ardha baiThI sthiti meM baiThane ko vIrAsana kahate haiM / viSNu ke vAhana garur3a kA aura kaI rAjAoM kA bhI yahI prAsana hotA hai| 8 pretAsanaH donoM pAMva mor3akara, donoM ghuTanoM para baiThane ko, kUrmAsana kahate haiN| yaha yoga kA zrAsana hai / 10 siMhAsana: ye Asana do prakAra ke kahe gaye haiN| baiThaka para caur3A pAMva rakhakara guhyabhAga dikhAI de, isa taraha baiThane ko, aura preta ( murde ) kI taraha sIdhe sokara, donoM hAtha zarIra se lagAkara sone ko pretAsana kahate haiN| yaha zrAsana mUrti zilpa ke liye jyAdA upayogI nahIM hai| lekina ugra deva yA devI kI mUrti ke nIce sote hue preta kA prAsana isa prakAra aMkita karane kA Adeza hai| ise mUrti kI pITha-baiThaka kahate haiM / 9 kurmAsana: sotI buddha viSNu kI mUrti zeSazAyI, jalazAya aura buddha nirvANa mUrti kA paryaMkAsana hotA hai| LAL TASAN lalitAsana kUrmAsana lagAkara donoM ghuTanoM para hAtha kI uMgalI rakhakara, aAMkheM baMda karake baiThane ko siMhAsana kahate haiN| yaha bhI yoga kA hI Asana hai | kaI vidvAna kUrmAsana aura makarAsana ko bhI yahI Asana mAnate haiN| lekina kUrma aura makara jalacara prANI haiM aura ve gaMgA ke vAhana haiN| jamunA aura 11. pacAsanaH PARYANKASAN ardha paryakAsana GOPALASAN PRETASAN pretAsana gopAlAsana Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir BHANGASAN bhaMgAsana ( tribhaMga ) CCODD PADMASAN padmAsana 19 VIRASAN vIrAsana For Private And Personal Use Only UTAKATASAN utkaTAsana BHADRA PITH bhadrapITha LOODE MAHAMBUJ PITH mahAmbuja pITha COOPY OF DOD 2000005 PADMA PITH padmapITha

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aGga : SaSTham pIThikA (Pedestal) draviDa graMthoM meM uttara bhArata ke zilpa graMthoM se kAphI adhika mAtrA meM pIThikA, baiThaka aura Asana viSayaka varNana milatA hai| draviDa graMthoM meM nau prakAra kI pIThikAeM varNita haiN| jaise 1. bhadrapITha 2. padma pITha 3. mahAmbuja pITha 4. vajapITha 5. zrIdhara 6. pITha padma 7. mahAvajra 8. saumya 9. zrIkAmya isameM bhadra pITha, padma pITha aura mahAmbuja pITha (dekhiye citra pRSTha : 19) draviDa aura uttarIya pradeza kI mUrti meM dekhI jAtI hai| kaI loga pITha yA baiThaka kI gaNanA zarIra-Asana meM karate haiN| lekina zarIra mudrA se yaha (Asana-pITha-baiThaka) bhinna hI hai| 'samarAMgaNa sUtradhAra' meM mudrAmoM ke adhyAya meM tIna prakAra varNita hai| zarIra mudrA, pAda mudrA aura hasta mudrA, isa taraha tInoM kA bhinna-bhinna varNana hai| kaI loga vAhana ko hI baiThaka mAna lete haiN| udAharaNArtha zeSazAyI viSNu, kAliya mardana karate kRSNa, mRtaka para nRtya karate naTarAja, yA vAmana avatAra meM bali ko paira ke nIce kucalate hue bhagavAna viSNu, ye saba prAsaMgika vAhana, prAsana, yA mudrAyeM haiN| lekina inheM pIThikA nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| pIThikA kA matalaba hai, jisake Upara haradama baiThA jA sake, aisA Asana / udAharaNArtha siMhAsana paurANika kAla meM deva, rAjA, mahArAjA Adi ke nizcita Asana the| gaNeza hamezA siMhAsana ke Upara hI baiThate haiN| jaba ki hanumAna ke lie aisA koI nizcita Asana nahIM hai| ve rAma ke caraNa ke pAsa sevaka kI mudrA meM baiThate haiM / aura jaba khar3I mudrA meM hote haiM, taba eka hAtha meM gadA aura dUsare meM parvata dhAraNa kiye hote haiN| yA praNAma mudrA meM hote haiN| isI taraha bAlakRSNa kA bhI koI Asana nahIM hai| lekina rAjavI kRSNa siMhAsana para baiThate the| For Private And Personal Use Only

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O STARA PAL G oTOODOS CER AE delavAr3A Abu ke jaina maMdira kA maMDapa staMbha toraNa For Private And Personal Use Only

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R TEAC Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir seMcyurI reyona biralAjI kalyANa-maMdirakI catuSkikAmeM maMdira nirmAtA prabhAzaMkarajI, zrImatI aura zrImAna zrIgopAla nevaTiyAjI For Private And Personal Use Only

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aGga : saptam zarIramudrA (Position of Body) pratimA vidhAna meM sabase utkRSTa tattva aMgabhaMgI ko mAnA gayA hai| devI-devatAoM kI pratimAoM ke aMgoM ke maror3a ke pRthak-pRthaka abhinaya vyakta karanevAlI sthiti ko aMgabhaMga kI saMjJA dI gayI hai| zarIramudrA 1. samapAda-sthAnaka 2. AbhaMga 3. tribhaMga 4. atibhaMga 5. AliDhaya 6. pratyAliya 7. utkaTika 8. paryaka 9. lalATa tilaka inameM se prathama cAra mukhya zarIra mudrAyeM mAnI jAtI hai, aura bAkI kI pAMca mudrAyeM zilpazAsra meM gauNa mAnI gayI hai| 'viSNu dharmottara' aura 'samarAMgaNa sUtra' meM zarIra mudrA ke nava prakAra kahe gaye haiN| ve nRtya aura citrakalA ke liye vizeSa upayogI haiN| zarIramudrA ke lakSaNa 1 samapAda, sthAnakaH pAMva se mastaka taka eka sUtra meM khar3o mUrti ko samapAda kahate haiN| sUrya, buddha aura jaina tIrthaMkaroM kI khar3I mUrtiyoM ko kAyotsarga madrA kahate haiN| 2 AbhaMgaH mastaka thor3A-sA jhukA huA ho, aura kaTipradeza thor3A-sA mur3A huaA ho, use prAbhaMga mudrA kahate haiN| buddha kI bodhisatva mUrtiyAM aura RSi-muniyoM kI mUrtiyA~ aise mor3avAlI (AbhaMga mudrAyukta) hotI haiN| jinhoMne eka bhaMga yA mor3a liyA ho, ve saba mUrtiyAM prAbhaMgamudrA kI kahI jAtI hai| 3 tribhaMgaH mastaka, kaTi aura paira-ina tInoM aMgoM se balakhAtI pratimA ko tribhaMgI kahate haiN| vibhaMga se mUrti ke sauMdarya-lAlitya meM utkRSTa lAvaNya vyakta hotA hai| use lalita tribhaMga bhI kahate haiN| apsarAe~, devAMganAe~, nRtyAMganAe~, aura AliMganayukta pratimAe~ tribhaMgI hotI hai| dUsare devI-devatAoM kI pratimAeM bhI aisI hotI haiN| 4 atibhaMgaH jina pratimAoM ke aMga tIna se jyAdA mor3avAle yA balakhAye hote haiM, unheM 'atibhaMga' kahate haiN| mastaka, zarIra, kaTi, pAda aura For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA hasta ina sabake bhaMgavAlI mUrtiyoM ko pratibhaMga yukta mudrA kI mUrti kahate haiN| naTarAja-zivatAMDava, zakti devI kI umra mUrtiyAM, buddha ke vajrapANi svarUpa kI krodhAnvita devI-mUrtiyAM, mahiSAsuramardinI aura yuddha karate hue devI-devatAoM kI mUrtiyAM isa prakAra kI hotI hai| pratibhaMga mudrAoM ke maror3a sazakta hote haiN| ASHA AmA ABHANG AzaMga TRIBHANG tribhaMga ATIBHANG atibhaMga 5 AliDhyaH bAyA~ paira mor3akara UMcA rakhakara dAhine paira para khar3I mUrti kI mudrA ko prAliDhya mudrA kahate haiN| 6 pratyAliDyaH dAhinA paira mor3akara, use UMcA karake bAyeM paira para khar3I mUrti ko pratyAliDhya bhaMgavAlI mUrti kahate haiN| prAliDhya se viparIta mudrA ko pratyAliDhya mudrA kahA gayA hai| hanumAna, dazAvatAra ke vArAha, aura bali ko dabAtI huI vAmana kI mUrti, ye saba pratyAliDhya bhaMgavAlI hotI hai| 7 utkaTikaH nararAja kI nRtya mudrAyukta pratimA ko utkaTika bhaMgavAlI pratimA kahate haiN| 8 paryakaH viSNu bhagavAna kI kSIrasAgara meM soyI huI mudrA ko paryaka mudrA kahate haiN| 9 lalATa tilakaH draviDa aura baMga pradeza meM lalATa tilaka mUrtiyA~ bahuta dekhI jAtI haiN| eka paira Urdhva rakhakara, lalATa ko tilaka karatI mudrA ko lalATa-tilaka mudrA kahA gayA haiN| For Private And Personal Use Only

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garIramudrA e kala anth) SAMAPAD samapAda la ABHANG AbhaMga TRIBHANG vibhaMga ATIBHANG atibhaMga 'samarAMgaNa sUtradhAra' meM zarIra mudrA ke ye nau prakAra varNita haiM : 1. vaiSNavam 4. AliDhya 7. AbhaMga 2. vaizAravam 5. pratyAliDhya 8. vibhaMga 3. maNDalam 6. samapAda 9. pratibhaMga natya meM hasta, pAda mukha aura zarIrAvayava mudrAoM bhAvAdi vyakta karane kA parama sAdhana hai| bhASA meM bhAva prakAza hotA hai kiMtu ye cAgeM avayavoM se mudrAmo muka bhAva vyakta karane kA sarvottama sAdhana hai| NOP LALATMUDRA lalATamudrA ALIDYA Alidagha PRATYALIDYA pratyAliMDhaya UTKATIK utkaTika For Private And Personal Use Only

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aGga: aSTam vAhana (Vehicles) devI-devatAoM ke apane-apane nizcita vAhana hote haiN| ina vAhanoM se pratimAoM ko pahacAnane meM suvidhA hotI hai| udAharaNArtha jainatIrthaMkaroM kI sabhI pratimAeM dekhane meM eka-sI hotI hai / lekina pratimA vizeSa ke 'lAMchana' (cinha) ke dvArA patA calatA hai ki vaha kisa tIrthakara kI pratimA hai| devI-devatAoM ke vAhana unake svabhAva, ruci aura viziSTa guNa-dharma ke sUcaka hote haiN| udAharaNArtha, kaI ugra deva-devatAoM ke vAhana preta, yA mRta deha (prANI) Adi hote haiN| caNDI kA vAhana vyAghra yA siMha hai| khAsakara sajIva prANI vAhana ke rUpa meM vizeSa pAye jAte haiN| vAhana kA dUsarA prakAra sthira-jar3a prAsana hotA hai| unameM kamalapITha, bhadrapITha Adi hote haiN| NANDI SWAN GARUD garuDa naMdI haMsa AS RA MRUG maga HATHI hAthI VYAGHRA vyAghra For Private And Personal Use Only

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vAhana kaI devI-devatAmoM ke vAhana isa prakAra haiM : maMtima cAroM svarUpa prAsaMgika haiN| 1. brahmA haMsa 7. indra hAthI-airAvata 13. varuNa makara (magara) 2. viSNu garur3a 8. vAyu hariNa-hirana 14. gaMgA / makara (magara) 3. maheza (zaMkara) nandI 9. yama bhaisA 15. varAha nAga 4. gaNeza mUSaka-cUhA 10. agni gheTA (bher3a) 16. naTarAja vAmanAkAra daitya. (prAsaMgika) 5. sarasvatI mora-haMsa 11. caNDI vyAghra yA siMha 17. bAlakRSNa kAlIya nAga (prAsaMgika) 6. sUrya saptAzva ratha 12. niruti zvAna (kuttA) 18. vAmana bali For Private And Personal Use Only

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aMDa: navam nRtya (Dance) nRtya-kalA kA prAdi-svarUpa ziva ke tAMDava nRtya ko mAnA jAtA hai| isalie nRtya-kalA ke AdyapitA ziva mAne jAte haiN| maharSi bharata ne nATya-zAsra para eka samRddha graMtha padya meM likhA hai| yaha graMtha nRtya-kalA ke lie pramANabhUta mAnA jAtA hai| vAdya, tAla, gIta, saptasvarAdi bheda aura tAMDava Adi nRtya kA kalA ke rUpa meM 'aparAjita sUtra' nAmaka zilpa graMtha meM nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| ugratANDava ke sAtha lAsyatANDava ke ullekha bhI zilpa-graMthoM meM dIyA gayA hai| zAsrakAroM ne nRtya meM aMga-bhaMga se honevAle aneka bhedoM ke varNana kiye haiN| pAda, tAla, kaTi, vakSa, grIvA, bAhu, mukha, nAsikA aura dRSTi se vyakta hone vAle bhAva aura bhramara rekhA se prakaTa hone vAle bhAva, nRtya-kalA meM honevAle aMga-bhaMga dvArA abhivyakta hote haiN| nRtyakalA meM mukha, hAtha, dRSTi aura aMga-bhaMgI ko hI abhinaya kI mahattva kI mudrAeM mAnA gayA hai| nRtya, saMgIta, aura tAla ye saba eka dUsare ke pUraka haiN| tAMDava-nRtya sAmAnya nRtya nahIM hai, paraMtu vaha ziva kA pralayaMkara nRtya hai| draviDa pradezoM ke sthApatyoM meM ziva-tAMDava kI rudra pratimA bahuta-sI jagahoM para pAyI jAtI hai| cidambaram ke naTarAja maMdira meM 108 prakAra ke nRtya sthApatya meM aMkita kiye gaye haiN| uttara bhArata meM naTarAja kI pratimAoM kA, dakSiNa pradeza ke samAna prAdhAnya nahIM hai| vahAM zivaliMga kI pUjA kA vizeSa mahattva hai / draviDa meM bhI liMga pUjA to hotI hI hai ! kaTisama nRtya draviDa pradezoM meM, lalita nRtya ilorA meM, lalATa tilaka kAMjIvaram meM aura caturam taMjaura meM pracalita hai| zivanRtya meM sRSTi kI utpatti, rakSA aura saMhAra kA mizra svarUpa samAyA hai| nRtya meM vAdya, tAla aura gIta kA mela hai| Ajakala mUka nRtya kA prayoga bhI pracalita hai / lekina isase itanA rasa utpanna nahIM hotaa| mukha dvArA gIta ke pAlApa kA nirNaya hotA hai| nRtya meM bhAvAnusAra bhAva saMkrAMti bhI honI caahie| lekina hAtha se artha-bhAva kI kalpanA hotI hai| yaha saba nRtya lakSaNa haiN| mAliDhya, pratyAliDhya aura utkaTika ina saba pAdamudrAoM ko bhI nRtyakalA meM nizcita hI sthAna de sakate haiN| yato hastastato dRSTiryato dRSTistato manaH yato manastato bhAvo yato bhAvastato rasa // jasA nRtya meM hAtha jisa viSaya kA sUcana karatA hai, usI viSaya kA sUcana dRSTi bhI karatI hai| dRSTi jaisA hI sUcana mana bhI karatA hai| mana jaisA bhAva aura bhAva jaisA rasa utpanna hotA hai| prAsyenA laMbayedagIta hastanArtha prakalpayet cakSuA na bhavedabhAve pAdAmyAM tAla nirNaya mukha se gIta kA nirNaya hotA hai| hAtha se artha-bhAva kI kalpanA hotI hai| dRSTi se bhAva kI kalpanA hotI hai paira pada se tAla kA nirNaya hotA hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhaMDage maMDa.ge mukhaM kuryAt hastau dRSTi ca vartate hastakArya bhavelloke karmaNo minayetkilam // 1 // (devatAmUrti prakaraNa) nRtya meM hasta, pAda, mukha aura zarIra ke anya avayavoM kI mudrAe~ bhAvAbhivyaktike parama sAdhana hai| vizeSataH bhAva bhASA dvArA prakaTa hote haiM, lekina nRtya kI mudrAe~ mUka hote hue bhI bhAvAbhivyakti kA sarvottama sAdhana hai| nRtya karate samaya jyoM-jyoM aMgabhaMgI hotI jAtI hai, vaise hI mukha, hasta aura dRSTi kA halana-calana hotA hai| hasta, mukha aura dRSTi yaha abhinaya kA kAraNa hai| (devamUrti prakaraNa) 7 For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra ana dazam www.kobatirth.org SoDazAbharaNa (alaMkAra) (Ornaments) rAjA, 'aparAjita sUtra' 236 meM aura 'draviDa zilpa ratnam' a. 16 meM alaMkAra viSayaka carcA kI gayI hai| devI-devatA, cakravartI, zrImaMta varga prAdi ke alaMkAra viSayaka draviDa graMthoM meM dhaura bhAgama graMthoM meM savistRta varNana milate haiN| taduparAMta, aMzumana prabhedAgama 'mAnasAra', 'zilpa-mUtra', 'padmasaMhitA' aura anya Agama graMthoM meM AbhUSaNoM ke varNana kiye gaye hai| draviDa taMjaura ke bRhadIzvara ke zivamaMdira meM aneka alaMkAroM kA varNana utkIrNita hai, aura una alaMkAroM meM hIrA, motI, mAnika lagAne kI rItiyAM bhI vahAM ke sthApatya meM utkIrNita kI gaI haiN| lekina sabhI pratimAoM ke lie ye 16 grAbhUSaNa anivArya nahIM haiN| kaI pratimAoM meM ve kama-jyAdA mAtrA meM dikhAI dete haiN| AbhUSaNa ke lie koI sAmpradAyika bheda nahIM hai, kAla bheda aura prAMta bheda svarUpa bheda alaMkAra kamI jAstI dikhAI jAtA hai yaha viziSTa bAta mAnI jAnI caahie| jaina tIrthaMkara vItarAgI hone ke kAraNa unake koI AbhUSaNa nahIM haiN| paraMtu, unake yakSa, yakSiNI, pratihAra Adi kI mUrtiyoM ko AbhUSaNa pahanAye hue hote haiM / hamArI bhAratIya zilpa kalA pUrva ke jina-jina dezoM meM pracalita huI haiM, vahAM - jAvA, kamboDiyA, laMkA, aMgakoravATa Adi dezoM ke sthApatyoM kI pratimAoM para isI prakAra ke AbhUSaNa dikhAyI dete haiN| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki unakA sthApatya aura mUrti vidhAna, bhAratIya kula kI saMtAneM haiM / 'aparAjita sUtra' meM, kisa pradeza meM kisa prakAra ke AbhUSaNoM kI viziSTatA hai, vaha bhI varNita hai| kAna kI buTTI ke AbhUSaNa ko saurASTra meM 'TholiyA' kahate haiN| tamila bhASA meM kuNDala ko 'yAlI' yA 'toDA' kahate haiN| saMskRta sAhitya meM skaMdhamAlA ko bagala taka laTakatI batAyA gayA hai| guptakAla kI pallava pratimAoM meM skaMdha mAlA dekhane ko nahIM miltii| lekina ilorA, ahilola aura cAlukya rAjyakAla tathA cola rAjyakAla kI mUrtiyoM para yaha skaMdha mAlA dikhAyI detI hai, isI taraha bahuta prAcIna mUrtiyoM meM kaTi-sUtra se jaMghA taka kI mAlA ( uruddAma yA mukta mAlA) dikhAyI nahIM detI / draviDa caula rAjyakAla kI aura usake bAda kI mUrtiyoM meM vaha dikhAyI detI hai| badAmI zilpa meM donoM jaMghA para eka-eka paMkti aura peDU para madhya meM torA laTakatA hai / 6. urusUna 7. kepUra 8. udarabaMdha mUrti vidhAna meM kahe gaye 16 AbhUSaNa sabhI kAla meM zilpita kiye hI jAte hoM, aisA nahIM hai| guptakAla kI pratimAoM meM khAsa taraha ke prAbhUSaNoM kI viziSTatA thii| pratyeka prAnta kI pratimAoM ke AbhUSaNa aura veza paridhAna meM vaividhya milatA hai| kisI kAla meM koI prAbhUSaNa kama-jyAdA hote the, usake Upara se pratimA kA sarjanakAla, aura vaha kauna se prAnta kI thI, yaha samajhane meM suvidhA rahatI thii| 'aparAjita sUtra' 236 meM 16 prakAra ke AbhUSaNa varNita haiN| ve isa prakAra haiM : 1. mukuTa - 1 kirITa 2 karaMTa 3 jaTA mukuTa 9. channavIra 2. kuMDala 10. skaMdhamAlA 3. upagrIvA 11. kaTakakallaya, pAdavalaya 4. hikkAsUtra 5. hI mAla Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 12. pAda jAlaka 13. yajJopavIta 14. kaTiba 15. uruddAma 16. aMgulImudrA For Private And Personal Use Only

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SoDazAbharaNa (alaMkAra) taMjaura, bRhadIzvara ke maMdiroM meM alaMkAroM kA varNana bhalIbhAMti aMkita kiyA gayA hai| mukuTa ___ 'draviDa-zilpa ratnam' a. 16 meM bhI 16alaMkAra spaSTatA se varNita hai / udA. mukuTa ke tIna mukhya prakAra kahe gaye haiN| kirITa, karaMDa pora jaTAmukuTa / jaTAmukuTa ke bhI kezoM kI racanA ke anusAra bhinna-bhinna prakAra kahe gaye haiN| udA. kuMtala, zirasrANa, dhammilA aura aura alakacUr3aka Adi kezamukuTa ke prakAra hai| ziva, brahmA, pArvatI aura sarasvatI jaTAmukuTa dhAraNa karate haiN| lekina isameM vibhinna graMtho meM mata-matAMtara hai| viSNu ke mukuTa ko kirITa mukuTa, aura zakti deviyoM tathA cakravartI rAjAmoM ke mukuTa ko karaMDa mukuTa kahate haiN| 'aparAjita sUtra' meM mukuTa ke tIna prakAra sahaja bhinnatA se varNita hai| 1. zekhara-(zikhara ke AkAra kA) : ziva aura nareMdra kA / 2. kirITa-zRMgodara, zRMga, ise viSNu aura anya devatA dhAraNa karate haiN| 3. Amalaka-(mAmalasAra) muktAphala ke pAMca aMDaka jaisA yaha mukuTa devatAoM tathA rAjAmoM ke lie hai| draviDa Agama graMtha, 'mAnasAra' aura 'zilpa ratnam' meM aise vizeSa prakAra ke mukuToM ke svarUpa varNita hai| vividha prakAra ke mukuTa aura unako dhAraNa karanevAle devI-devatAoM ke nAma isa prakAra hai :1. jaTA-mukuTa brahmA aura ziva 4. zirasrANa yakSa nAga, vidyAdhara 7. dhammilA mukuTa vividha deviyAM 2. kirITa mukuTa viSNu aura vAsudeva 5. kuMtala mukuTa sarasvatI, sAvitrI 8. alaka cUDaka rAjA rAniyAM 3. karaMDa mukuTa anya devI-devatAeM 6. kezabaMdha mukuTa bAlakRSNa 9. mukuTa paTTa rAjA, mahArAjA, rAniyAM SIDHAN TODONOW MO 00000 ER/BGAAN TOUUUUU F citra meM batAye hue mukuTa ke kramazaH nAma : lalita rahasya aura uttara kAmikalA zirastrANa ke pAMca bheda 1. dhammilA: Dhammila 7. kirITa mukuTa : Kirit Mukut (mathurA) 2. jaTA mukuTa : Jata Mukut pallava 8. kirITa mukuTa : Kirit Mukut (hoyasala) 9. karaMDa makUTa : Karand Mukut (gujarAta, rAjasthAna) 4. karaMDa mukuTa : Karand Mukut (colA) 10. karaMDa mukuTa : Karand Mukut (gujarAta, rAjasthAna) Karand Mukut (hoyasala) 11. jAvAsumAlA mukuTa : Javasumala Mukut (zekhara) Karand Mukut 12. kezabaMdha : Keshbandh (cAlukya) (gupta, cAlukya, pallava) 13. dhammilA: Dhammila (dakSiNa bhArata) For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA 14. karaMDa mukuTa : 15. kirITa mukuTa : 16. zirastrANa : 17. jaTAmukuTa kezabaMdha: 18. kuntala: 19. jaTAmukuTa kezabaMdha: 20. mayurapaMkhI jaTAmuMDa: 21. kezabaMdha jaTAmukuTa : (Karand mukut) 22. kezabaMdha jaTAmukuTa : (Keshbandh Jatamukut) (Kirit mukut) (Shirastran) 24. jaTAmukuTa dhammillA: (Jatamukut Dhammilla) (Jatamukut Keshbandh) 25. , alaka cUDaka : ( Alakchudak) (Kuntal) 26. kirITa mukuTa (Kirit Mukut) (Jatamukut Keshbandh) 27. karaMDa , (Karand Mukur) (Mayurpankhi Jatamund) 28. , , (Karand Mukut) (Keshabandh Jatamukut) MUKUT mukuTa 1516 17 18 GO90000 KOTA HWAN V 20 21 22 HE893 Tiliya O 25 . 27 28 For Private And Personal Use Only

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SoDazAbharaNa (alaMkAra) bRhad saMhitA (varAha saMhitA) meM mukuTa para kalagiyAM, (zikhiyAM) eka, tIna, yA pAMca rakhane kA Adeza hai| 1. pAMca kalagI mahArAjA ke lie 2. tIna kalagI yuvarAja ke aura mahArAnI ke lie 3. eka kalagI senApati ke lie 'viSNu dharmottara' kAra devatAoM ke liye sAta kalagI ke mukuTa kA varNana karate haiN| lekina aise kalagI vAle mukuTa citra aura nATaka meM dikhAye jAte haiN| zilpakRtiyoM meM aisI kalagiyAM utkIrNa karanA saMbhava nahIM hai| so aisI kalagiyAM zilpa meM dekhane ko nahIM miltii| AbhUSaNoM ke prakAra aura lakSaNa 1 mukuTa (a) kirITa mukuTa : eka-eka aMgula ke parimANa ke, eka ke Upara eka, cAroM bhora se lapeTe hue bhAvaraNa vAle, praSTa maMgula UMce maura ujjvala mukuTa ko kirITa mukuTa kahate haiN| 16 aMgula se 24 aMgula UMce, prakAzamaya mukuTa ko bhI kirITa mukuTa kahate haiN| isa mukuTa ko khAsa taura se viSNu dhAraNa kahate haiN| tIna, pAMca yA sAta pecavAlA mukuTa yogya lagatA hai| zikhara kI prAkRti vAle, kamala ke samAna, yA chatna ke samAna, eka para dUsarA yoM uttarottara car3hate vRttAkAra ke kirITa mukuTa meM kaustubhamaNi lagA rahatA hai| yaha mukuTa dUsare aneka ratnoM se jar3ita hotA hai| (ba) karaMDa mukuTaH nIce se mUla bhAga ke krama kI paridhi ko choTA karate hue, Upara kA agrabhAga, mukulAdhAra-khile hue kamala jaisA-tIna, pAMca, yA sAta pecavAlA TokarI kI prAkRti jaisA jo suzobhita hotA hai, usa mukuTa ko karaMDa mukuTa kahA hai| bAkI anya bAteM Upara jaisI batAI haiM, usI prakAra hotI haiN| usake nIcevAle tIna paTTe ratna jar3ita karane caahiye| usameM kAna ke laMbe karNa-puSpa-ratna paTTa, kAna para laTakate tore mAdi karane caahiye| karaMDa mukuTa anya deva-deviyoM tathA cakravartI rAjAoM ke liye hotA hai| (ka) jaTA mukuTaH ___battIsa aMgula se eka-eka aMgula kI vRddhi karate 61 aMgula u~cAI taka ke jaTA mukuTa hote haiN| jaTA kI UMcAI do aMkovAlI paura samAMgula karanI caahiye| jaTA kA nIce kA hissA bar3A karanA caahie| eka dUsare ke UparI krama se jaTAbaMdha kI jaTA kI caur3AI utarate krama meM rakhanI caahie| jaTA kI laTa kI caur3AI kA parimANa choTI (aMtima) uMgalI jitanA rakhanA caahie| jaTAmukuTa kI UMcAI 24 se 16 aMgula taka kI rakhanI caahie| isake pAMca prakAra varNita haiN| bAla ke aMta bhAga se mukuTa ke nIce ke mUla bhAga meM lalATa para pAMca paTTe karane caahie| 4 se 12 bhAga taka kI UMcAI kA yaha mukuTa karanA caahiye| ziva ke jaTAmukuTa meM dhatUre ke phUla, nAga aura mastaka para gaMgAjI aura ardhacaMdra karane caahie| mukuTa ke madhya meM makarakUTa aura dUsare patrakUTa ko ratnaphUTa bhI kahate haiN| ugra pratimA ke jaTA mukuTa meM muMDa bhI kiye jAte haiN| khAsa taura se ziva, brahmA, umA, sarasvatI aura sAvitrI jaTAmukuTa dhAraNa karate haiN| nIce diye hue kutala aura jaTAkuntala guptakAla ke hai| jaTA kuMtala kuMtala IRIN SRO (SION 'lalita rahasya' graMtha meM aura 'uttarakAmikA graMtha' meM zirasrANa ke pAMca bheda kahe gaye hai| 1. ziva aura brahmA ke mukuTa ko dhammilA aura jaTAmukuTa kahate hai| . 2. sarasvatI ke mukuTa ko kuntala kahate haiM / 3. sAvitrI aura umA ke mukuTa ko kezabaMdha kahate haiN| 4. ziva kA dhammilA mukuTa hotA hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

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2 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA 69 pralaka cUr3aka jaTAmukuTa sabhI prakAra ke mastaka ke bAla kI racanA ke prakAra haiN| jaTAmukuTa ke pAMcoM prakAra ke spaSTa svarUpa dikhAI par3ate haiN| 2 kuNDala kAna ke AbhUSaNaH 1. patrakuMDala 2. ratnakuMDala 3. siMha kuMDala 4. zaMkhapanna kuMDala 5. sarpakuMDala 6. gaja kuMDala 7. vRttakuMDala 8. makara kuMDala isa taraha ke kuMDaloM kI ATha prakAra kI prAkRti taiyAra kI jAtI hai| patra kuMDala tIna, cAra yA pAMca mAtrA pramANa ke anusAra caur3A karanA cAhiye / eka yava caur3AI ke gola, sapheda sarala zaMkha-patra kuMDala karane caahiye| makarAkRti, siMhAkRti yA gajAkRti ke kuMDala do, cAra yA pAMca mAtrA parimANa ke karane caahiye| kuMDala ke AkAra bheda ke anusAra usakI UMcAI, aura usakA vyAsa rakhanA cAhiye / tamila meM kuMDala ko toDu aura saurASTra meM TholiyA kahate haiN| vRttakuMDala 18 yava pramANa ke aura cAra aMgula kI UMcAI ke, kamala jaise vikasita, skaMdha para laTakate karane caahie| zaMkha ko bIca meM se kATakara zaMkhakuMDala banAyA jAtA hai| ziva ke sarpakuMDala aura viSNu ke makarakuMDala kiye jAte haiN| prANI kI A~kheM lAla ratna kI karanI caahie| JATAMUND jaTAmuMDa KUNDAL kuMDala 3 upagrIvA-auveya-gale ke AbhUSaNaH kaMThamAlA : rudrAkSa yA ratna se isa suvarNamaNi zobhAyamAna kI jAtI hai| gujarAta saurASTra meM isa upagrIvA ko 'kaMThA' bhI kahate haiN| karNa baMdha HEAL 4 hakkiAsUtra-hAra : __ yaha gale kA prAbhUSaNa hai| upagrIvA se nIce aura chAtI ke bIca meM laTakatA rahatA hai| vistAra meM yaha AbhUSaNa cAra aMgula aura cauDAimeM tIna yava caur3A hai / yaha ratna-jar3ita alaMkAra hai| 1. sarpakuMDala 2. matsya kuMDala 3. maghara , 4. sUryavRta kuMDala 5. mayUra , 6. siMha , For Private And Personal Use Only

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SoDazAbharaNa (alaMkAra) 3 3 GRIVA grIvA HARA GRIVA grIvA HARA SUTRA hArasUtra 12.OR GRIVA grIvA 2 (UTC COM GOOOPER mNloo 00000000 Nepal 'zabdAmAlAyam' graMtha meM nIce likhI huI mAlAoM kA ullekha vizeSa taura se huA hai : (a) vanamAlA : viSNu kI mAlA ko kahate haiN| vaha paira ke ghuTanoM taka laMbI, madhya meM sahaja, sthUla aura choroM para patalI hotI hai| (ba) muMDamAlA:asuroM ke mastakoM se grathita mAlA ko ruMDamAlA (muMDamAlA)kahate haiN| ise rudra tathA kAlikA dhAraNa karatI haiN| 5hINamAlAH yaha mAlA udarabaMdha taka laMbI tIna yA pAMca kI saMkhyA (lar3I) meM hotI hai| ina saba saMkhyAoM ( lar3iyoM) ko bIca-bIca se jor3ate ratnajar3ita baMdha hote haiM jinheM padaka kahate haiN| motI kI lar3iyoM (saMkhyA) ke anusAra nAma diye gaye haiN| jaise-ekAvalI, nisarI, paMcasarI yA saptasarI, Adi kahate haiN| gujarAta meM ise rAyaNamAlA kahate haiN| 6 urusUtra (stanasUtra): yaha hIkkA sUtra se 6 iMca nIce aura stanasUtra ke madhyabhAga taka cAra puMje (baheta) laMbAI kA aura eka yava (jo) moTA hotA hai| aise aneka maNiyukta suvarNa ke hAra ko urusUtra kahate haiN| stana se ATha aMgula jitanA ( yajJopavIta kI taraha ) vaha laMbA hotA hai| donoM skaMda para dhAraNa kiyA huA aura stana ko pUrNatayA prAvRtta karane vAlA yaha AbhUSaNa khAsa taura para devI pratimA ke lie hotA hai / isa sUtra ke pIche pITha para gAMTha bAMdhI jAtI hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

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34 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA SKANDHA MALA skaMdha mAlA STAN SUTRA stanasUna kaTIsUtra | KATI SUTRA URUDDAM ) SUTRA 44 urUddAma prARAD kaTakavalaya KATAK VALAY 7 keyUra (bAjUbaMda): aSTapanna kamalayukta aneka ratnoM se zobhita, zaivAla jaisI harI kAMtivAlA, bAhu ke madhya meM kar3e jaisA caur3A AbhUSaNa keyUra yA bAjUbaMda ke nAma se pahacAnA jAtA hai| yaha prAbhUSaNa bAhu ko valayita kie hue tIna, cAra yA pAMca mAtrA pramANa se, ratna pUrita vistAra kemUra VOING OXOXO vAlA banAnA caahie| 'padma-saMhitA' meM aisA kahA hai ki vaha motI kI laTakatI lar3iyoMvAlA hotA hai| kaI jagaha do-tIna valaya-kar3e jaise usake chora puSpamukhI, siMhamukhI yA nAgaphalI vAle bhI hote haiN| ziva kI bAhunoM para sarpAkAra keyUra pahanAye jAte haiN| bharata nATya meM keyUra kA aparanAma 'aMgada' kahA hai| 8 udarabaMda: peDU (nAbhi) se UMcA, chAtI ke nIce peTa para AvRtta AbhUSaNa ko udarabaMda kahate haiN| vaha 'channavIra' se jur3A huA hotA hai| kaI use urusUtra bhI mAnate hai / peTa ke Age se pIche jAnevAlA AbhUSaNa stanasUtra kahalAtA hai| 9 channavIra yA cannavIra : yajJopavIta kI taraha donoM skaMdha se utarate hue AbhUSaNa ko 'channavIra' kahate haiN| hINamAlA ke nIcese vaha chAtI aura udara ke bIca milakara pIche jAtA hai / aura jahAM vaha Age-pIche jor3A jAtA hai, vaha 'padaka' ratna se jar3A huA hotA hai| udarabaMda aura kaTisUtra kI taraha usake Upara motI aura suvarNa jar3e hue hote haiN| usa AbhUSaNa ko channavIra kahA jAtA hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

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SoDazAbharaNa (alaMkAra) oad009 UDARBANDH udarabaMdha guptakAla 10 skaMdhamAlAH donoM skaMdha para, donoM ora aneka prakAra ke motiyoM kI suvarNa-puSpa-yukta laTakatI mAlA ko skaMdha mAlA kahate haiN| saMskRta sAhitya meM use bagala taka laTakatI batAyA hai| cAlukya kAla meM ilorA Adi sthaloM kI pratimAoM meM aura caula rAjyakAla kI pratimAnoM meM yaha dekhI jAtI hai / guptakAla kI aura pallava rAjyakAla kI mUrtiyoM meM yaha skaMdha mAlA dikhAI nahIM detI hai| 11 kaTaka valaya do prakAra ke hote haiM: 1. hastavalayaH hAtha kI kalAI kA AbhUSaNa 2. pAdavalaya : paira ke Takhane kA AbhUSaNa. (a) hastavalayaH hAtha kI kalAI ke AbhUSaNa ko hastavalaya kahate haiN| golabalayaH do-tIna yava moTe yA aMtima aMgulI jitane patale hote haiN| citra-vicitra ratnoM se zobhita valaya kI jor3I banAI jAtI hai| do se pATha valaya taka, yaha devI pratimAoM hotI hai| kaTaka valaya kA matalaba hai hAtha ke kdd'e| (ba) pAdavalayaH paira ke Takhane para prAvRtta pAdavalaya gola kar3e jaise AbhUSaNa ko pAdavalaya kahate haiN| ziva ko aura anya sUcita devI-devatAoM ke paira meM bhujaMga valaya pahanAyA jAtA hai| usakI laMbAI 12 aMgula se adhika hotI haiN| usakI pount phena 7 aMgula caur3I aura 1 aMgula moTI hotI hai| usa phaNI kA mukha cAMdI kA, jihvA aura usakI do AMkheM ratna se jar3ita karanI caahie| prAnta va deza ke anusAra isameM thor3A vaividhya dekhane ko milatA hai| 12 yajJopavIta: __bAyeM skaMdha se laTakate sUtra ko janoI-yajJopavIta kahate haiN| kaI zivamUrtiyoM para yajJopavIta nahIM hotI hai| prAcInakAla meM mRga kI camar3I zarIra para tirachI bAMdhI jAtI thii| yajJopavIta kI prathA usa kAla meM nahIM hogI, tabhI aisA camar3A bAMdhane kI prathA rahI hogii| yajJopavIta . draviDa pallava aura caula mUrtiyoM meM yajJopavIta sirpha vasroM ke cithar3e ke rUpa meM YAGNYOPAVIT dikhAI dete haiN| caulakAla meM sUta kI tIna DoriyAM eka jagaha gAMTha mArI huI sthiti guptakAla For Private And Personal Use Only

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Pos MIN 10 ANIMA IAN PORN . R MUKUTA / Vammu GANVI ROYAYON C... Gio guptakAla kI mUrtiyoM kA AbhUSaNa 3. keyUra 4. kuMDala 5. kaTisUna 6. grIvA 7-8. udarabaMdha 9-10. kaTisUtra, uruddAma, muktadAma 1-2. mukuTa For Private And Personal Use Only

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37 SoDazAbharaNa (alaMkAra) meM pAyI jAtI haiN| prAgama graMthoM aura gRhya sUtroM meM yajJopavIta ke spaSTa ullekha haiN| do hajAra varSa pUrva kI buddha mUrtiyoM meM yajJopavIta milatA hai| usI taraha jainoM kI prAcIna mUrtiyoM meM bhI yajJopavIta dikhAI detA hai| 13 kaTisUtra : kamara para bAMdhane ke basra ko paTakUla kahA hai| aise kamara ke AbhUSaNa ko kaTisUtra kahate haiN| kaTisUtra ke tIna kaMdore vAle paTTe ke sammukha madhyabhAga meM peDU para siMha yA grAsa kA mukhabaMdha hotA hai| ratnajaDita kaTisUtra para sone kI bArIka nakzI hotI hai| bhinna-bhinna kAla kI mUrtiyoM meM kaTisUtra kI racanAeM adbhuta hotI hai| kaTisUtra se jaMghA para laTakatI motI kI paMktiyoM yA mAlA ko uruddAma yA rudra dAma bhI kahate haiN| kaI loga use bhinna AbhUSaNa ke rUpa meM ginAte haiN| guptakAla kA pAbharaNa kaTIsUtra KATISUTRA 14 uruddAma: urusUtra : kaTisUtra se toraNa kI taraha laTakatI motI kI mAlAoM ko 'uruddAma' kahate haiN| mAlAoM ke bIca meM laTakatI laToM (paMktiyoM) ko 'muktadAma' kahate haiN| peDU ke Upara bIca meM jhUlate motI ke toraNa meM bahuta bArIka nakzI hotI hai| uruddAma ko kaI loga muktadAma bhI kahate haiN| prAcIna mUrtiyoM meM vaha nahIM dikhatI hai, lekina guptakAla kI kisI-kisI mUrti meM vaha hotI hai| draviDa-cola ke bAda ke samaya meM yaha uruddAma dikhAI par3atA hai| badAmI zilpa meM donoM ora kI jaMghAoM para eka-eka paMkti dikhAI detI hai| 15 pAdajAlakaH __ paira ke Takhane ke nIce, paira ke paMje para prAvRtta laMbagola AkRti ke AbhUSaNa ko pAdajAlaka kahate haiN| vaha ghugharU vAle nUpura jaisA hotA hai| saurASTra meM use 'kAMbI' kahate haiN| lakSmI aura anya deviyoM ko bahuta choTe dhuMgharuoM kA nUpura kA AbhUSaNa pahanAyA jAtA hai| 'mAna sollAsa' graMtha meM pAdacUr3aka, pAdabhUSaNa yA rAr3hava Adi ke paira ke AbhUSaNa varNita haiN| 16 aMgulI mudrAH hAtha-pairoM kI aMguliyoM meM gola valaya prAMTevAlI aMgUThI, tathA hAtha ke bIca kI uMgalI meM hIrA-jar3ita aMgulikA hotI hai| hoyasala rAjyakAla kI mUrtiyoM meM do-tIna AMTe kI aMgUThI hotI hai| use pavitramudrA kahate haiN| gujarAta meM usa mudrA ko ver3ha kahate haiN| hAthoM kI u~galiyoM kI taraha paira kI u~galiyoM meM bhI mudrA pahanAyI jAtI hai| 17 vizeSAbharaNaH prAbhUSaNoM ke mApa, pratimA ke aMga ke anupAta meM karane caahiye| viSNu yA dazAvatAra kI mUrti kI chAtI meM zrIvatsa ke sthAna para kaustubha-maNiyukta baijayanti (mAlA)hotI hai| jaina tIrthaMkara kI chAtI meM zrIvatsa kA cinha ubharA huA hotA hai| zrIvatsa ko kvacita romAvalI kI saMjJA kahate haiN| bauddha aura jaina, ina donoM kI mUrtiyoM ke mastaka para ubhare cinha ko uSNiza kahate haiN| ina donoM saMpradAya kI mUrtiyoM ke mastaka meM jo golAkAra guccha dikhAI detA hai, vaha unake bAla kA guccha hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA zrIkRSNa rAdhA ke nAka meM jisa 'bAlI' ko pahanAte haiM, use besara yA nAsAbhUSaNa kahate haiN| zukrAcArya kahate haiM ki mUrtiyoM ko AbhUSaNa kI taraha rezamI, carma yA sUtI vastra pahanAye jAte haiN| dhotIya aura uttarIya nAmake do vastra vizeSakara hote hai| viSNu, indra, kubera, prAdi devoM kI mUrtiyoM ko rAjasI aura ziva, brahmA, agni aAdiyoM ko tapasvI vastra pahanAye jAte hai| sUrya tathA skaMda (kArtikeya) prAdi mUrtiyoM ko sainika kA gaNaveza pahanAyA jAtA hai| use astra-zastra se sajAyA jAtA hai| skaMda, subrahmaNyam, SaDamukham, kumAra, ye saba kArtikeya ke nAmoM ke paryAya hai| durgA, caMDI, lakSmI, sarasvatI, mAdi mahAdeviyoM ko ucca varNa kI mahilAoM jaisI vezabhUSA pahanAI jAtI hai| ve bahuvidha ratnAlaMkAroM se suzobhita hotI hai| pratimAnoM ke pIche mukha ko valayita kiye hue AbhAmaNDala, prabhAmaNDala, prabhAvati yA ziracakram hotA hai| deva pratimAnoM ke bhUSAvinyAsa sAmAnyataH tIna vibhAga meM vibhAjita kiye jA sakate haiM : viSNu, indra, kubera Adi devoM kI mUrtiyoM ko rAjasI vastra aura ziva, brahmA, agni AdiyoM ko tapasvI vastra pahanAye jAte haiN| UDARBANDH udarabaMdha Jws KATISUTRA kaTIsUtra paja ....Da KOT mAAOOD URUDAM II uradAma ABORATORIBBAUR MUKTADAM muktadAma LY VANAMALA banamAlA kaTisUtra-uraddAma, muktadAma PADVALAYA pAdavalaya PADJALAK 1. paridhAna pAdajAlaka 2. alaMkAra 3. zirobhUSaNa sUrya kI pratimA ko chAtI kA vasra aura paira meM upAna (bUTa) vizeSa rUpa se pahanAye jAte hai| isase sUrya ke paira kI uMgaliyAM dikhAI For Private And Personal Use Only

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SoDazAbharaNa (alaMkAra) kaustubhamaNI KAUSTUBMANI kirITamukuTa KIRITMUKUT kuMDala. KUNDAL skaMdha mAlASKANDHA MALA upagrIvA UPAGRIVA SKANDHA" MALA hokkA sUtra HIKKASUTRA stanasUna STAN SUTRA keyura AR/N KEYUR udarabaMdha UDARBANDH kaTakavalaya KATAK VALAYA KATI SUTRA __ kaTIsUtra URUDAM / urudAma Poon AUTHORS MUKTADAM muktadAma VANAMALA vanamAlA PADYALAYA pAdavalaya For Private And Personal Use Only

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40 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA nahIM detiiN| parantu sUrya kI kisI pratimA meM upAna na ho to uMgaliyAM dikhAI detI haiN| sUrya-pUjA ke madhya eziyA se bhArata meM Ane kI pUrI-pUrI saMbhAvanA hai| pichale kAla kI mUrtiyoM meM sUrya ke paira meM uMgaliyAM utkIrNa kI huI milatI haiN| kArtika svAmI skaMda draviDa meM khUba pUje jAte haiN| lekina uttara bhArata meM unake svataMtra maMdira nahIM hai| ziva ke yaha jeSTha putra madhya eziyA kI ora base hai, aisA mAnA jAtA hai| isIliye skaMda aura sUrya kI chAtI ke vastra kI AkRti milatI-julatI hai| digaMbara yA zvetAMbara jaina saMpradAyoM kI baiThI huI yA khar3I mUrtiyoM meM vastra, alaMkAra-AbhUSaNa nahIM hote haiN| kAraNa ve vItarAga hai| zvetAMbara mUrti ko sirfa laMgoTa-kaccha hotA hai| usa saMpradAya kI mUrtiyA turaMta pahacAnI jA sakatI haiN| AbhUSaNa tathA alaMkAroM meM prAnta aura kAla bheda se vaividhya milatA hai| vyAghracarma, mRgacarma aura kRSNamRgacarma bhagavAna zaMkara kaTi pradeza meM dhAraNa karate haiN| pratyeka yuga kI kalA apanI-apanI vizeSatAeM vyakta karatI hai| guptakAla kI mUrtiyoM meM mAlA, mukuTa, makara mukhI se vibhUtaSi AbhUSaNa, kaMTha meM sthUla mukta-kalApa se nirmita ekAvalI mAlA, usake madhya meM indranIla, kAnoM meM tATaMka-cakra, nAgendra yA muktAphala jar3ita kuMDala, skaMdha para upavasra (jaise mekhalA sthAna meM bAMdhe hue), inase guptakAlIna lokasaMskRti kA paricaya milatA hai| yaha usa kAla kI kalA ko vyakta karatA hai| sAMcI kI kalA meM prAkAra vajra kA toraNa, staMbhoM ke zilpa meM kuMDala, jo sAmane se dekhane se cAroM ora Thosa aura bharI hotA hai| ve strI-puruSoM ke kAna meM dikhAI dete hai| ___ kuSAna kAla meM pAna ke patte kI AkRti vAle mukuTa, bhujAoM meM nAcate mohinI prAkRti se alaMkRta mayUra-keyUra, yaha usa yuga kI vizeSatA hai| karNATaka pradeza ke hoyasala rAjyakAla ke maMdira halebIDa, belura aura somanAthapuram ke maMdiroM kI mUrtiyoM ke AbhUSaNa usa pradeza kI kalA kI bhinnatA dikhAte haiN| vahA~ kI mUrtiyoM ke AbhUSaNa mAno bhAra se lade hue hoM, isa taraha utkIrNa kiye gaye haiN| devatAoM ke mastaka ke Upara kA mukuTa deva ke mastaka se vajanadAra aura caur3A dikhAI detA hai| alabattA, vahA~ kA zilpa itanA suMdara hotA hai ki prAthamika dRSTipAta meM yaha doSa dikhAI nahIM detaa| devAMganAyeM bhI sthUla dikhAI detI haiM, para hotI hai bar3I sprmaann| pratyeka mUrtike Upara aura Agalabagala bela vRkSa ke patte Adi kaMDAre hote haiM / draviDa me tAMjora pradezakI mUrtiyoM kA mukuTa mukhakI uMcAI se duguNA uMcA hotA hai| isa taraha kalA ke alaMkAra-nirUpaNa kA vividha dRSTikonoM se tathA saMpUrNa sAmagrI ke sAtha acchI taraha adhyayana karanA caahiye| For Private And Personal Use Only

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aMGga : ekAdazam Ayudha (Weapons) uttara bhArata ke 'nAgarAdi' zilpa graMthoM meM 36 prakAra ke AyudhoM ke nAma, lakSaNa, mAna-pramANa aura svarUpoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| 'aparAjitasUtra'-235 aura draviDa zilpagraMthoM meM AyudhoM ke bAre meM itanA spaSTa varNana nahIM milatA hai| draviDa 'zilparatnam' ke 23 veM adhyAya meM prAyudhoM ke apUrNa nAma milate haiN| AyudhoM meM zatru-saMhAra ke zastra ke uparAnta jIva-prANI bhI gine jAte haiN| vAdya aura sAdhana-upakaraNoM ko bhI tAmasa Ayudha ke atirikta prAyudhoM meM ginA jAtA hai| isa taraha rAjas, aura sAtvika Ayudha aura manoraMjaka-vAdya bhI Ayudha meM gine jAte haiN| 36 AyudhoM meM 23 zastra tAmasa hai, 13 sAtvika aura rAjasa hai| pustaka, mAlA, kamaMDala, mudrAeM, darpaNa, ghaMTA, sUci-zaMga, hala, pAna, kamala, phala, vINA aura zaMkha, yaha sAtvika Ayudha mAne jAte haiM / AyudhA nAbhato vakSye nAma saMkhyAliMkramAta trizUlacchUrikA khaDga kheTA khaTvAGgakaM dhnuH||10|| bANapAzAMkuza ghaMTAriSTi darpaNa daMDakAH zaMkha cakra gadA va shktimudvrmRshuddyH||11|| musalaH parazu zveta katikA ca kapAlakam ziraH sarpa ca zRGgaca halaH kuMtastathaivaca // 12 // pustakAkSa kamaMDalu zucayaH padmapatrake yogamudrA tathA caiva SaTtriMzacchatrakANica // 13 // aparAjita sUtra (235) vizvakarmA kahate haiM, 'aba maiM AyudhoM ke nAma kramazaH kahatA hU: 1. trizUla 10. ghaMTA 19. bhuijara 28. hala 2. chUrikA 11. riSTi 20. bhRzaMDI 29. kuMta (bhAlA) 3. khaDga 12. darpaNa 21. mUzala 30. pustaka 4. kheTa (DhAla) 13. daMDa 22. parazu 31. mAlA 5. khaTavAMga 14. zaMkha 23. kartikA 32. kamaMDala 6. dhanuSa 15. cakra 24. kapAla (khoparI-khappara) 33. sUci (sakhA) 7. bANa 16. gadA 25. zira (zatru kA) 34. patra-kamala 8. pAza 17. vajra 26. sarpa 35. pAnapAna 9. aMkuza 18. zakti 27. zRMga (siMga) 36. yogamudrA For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA TRISHUL CHHURIKA chUrikA KHADGA khaDaga DHAL DhAla MUND mUMDa RISHTIKA riSTIkA =ur emaaaaaar mpu darpaNa KHATVANG DHANUSHYA BAN PASH ANKUSH GHANTA DARPAN khaTvAMga dhanuSya bANa pAza aMkuza ghaMTA yahA~ graMthakAra ne prAyudhoM ke svarUpa aura mAnapramANa ke 24 zloka diye haiN| ina 36 mAyudhoM ke uparAMta 16 Ayudha mUrtizAstra ke prAcIna graMthoM meM pratimAnoM ke svarUpa varNana meM diye gaye haiN| tAmasa prAyudha ke cAra prakAra hai : 1. paTiTaza 2. TaMka 3. agni 4. prANIjIva (mRga, kukkuTa, nakula-siyAla, sarpa) sAdhana upakaraNa ke sAta prakAra haiM: 1. aAmralaMbI 2. dhvajA 3. kaMbA (gaja) 4. sUtra-dorI 5. modaka 6. phala-mAtuliMga 7. lekhinI For Private And Personal Use Only

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DAND. SHAKHA zaMkha CHAKRA cakra CHAKRA PHARSHI pharazI suzaLa 15-1) =53 prAyudha hote haiN| nirIkSaNa karane ke bAda (36+ GADA VAJRA SHAKTI MUSAL BHUSHANDI gadA vaca zakti muzaMDI rAjas (vAjiba) ke Ayudha pAMca hai : 1. Damaru 2. baMzI 3. bherI 4. Dholaka 5. vINA uparAMta bAlaka milakara kula (36+4+7+5+1)=53 Ayudha hote haiN| do prAyudhoM ke svarUpa ke bAre meM thor3A matabheda hai| vividha pratimAoM kA bArIka talasparzI nirIkSaNa karane ke bAda (36+17 +2-55) yaha sUcI banAI gayI hai| uttara bhArata kI apekSA draviDa pradeza kI mUrtiyoM kI Ayudha dhAraNa karane kI zailI anokhI hai| draviDa pradeza kI mUrtiyoM meM Upara ke hAtha kI do uMgaliyoM meM prAyudha dhAraNa kiye hote haiN| jaba ki uttara bhArata kI mUrtiyAM vizeSataH muTThI meM prAyudha dhAraNa karatI haiN| AyudhoM ko cAra vargoM meM vibhAjita kiyA jA sakatA hai / 1. tIvra saMhAra zastra 2. vAdya taMtu 3. jIva-prANI 4. sAtvika, rAjasa, sAdhana upakaraNa aura isa prakAra ke tIna vibhAga bhI kiye jA sakate hai : 1. sAtvika 3. tAmasa For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA MUND KARTIKA kartikA KAPAL kapAla SARP sarpa SHING DANTHAL zIMga daMta hala KUNT kRta PUSTAK pustaka AKSHAMALA akSamAlA KAMANDALA kamaMDala SUCHI sakhA zUci devI-devatAoM ne apanI prakRti ke anusAra prAyudha dhAraNa kiye haiN| zukrAcArya ne isa viSaya meM kahA hai ki devoM ko mUrtiyoM ke paricaya ke lie yaha Ayudha pratIka ke rUpa meM mahattvapUrNa haiN| rAmAyaNa mahAbhArata aura purANoM meM varNita agnyastra, pAzupatAstra, brahmAstra, nArAyaNAstra, acakaNaya-saMmohanAstra, vAyavAstra, ina sabako astra kahA jAtA hai| inake dvArA yaMtra vidyA se agni, bANa, jaharIlA vAyu utpanna hokara, zatru yA unakI senA kA saMhAra karatA hai| arvAcIna samaya meM karor3oM rupaye ke vyaya se eka aNu-bama yA hAiDrojana bama taiyAra hotA hai, aura jaisA vinAza ye kara sakate haiM, usI prakAra kA vinAza prAcIna kAla ke ye astra yaMtra-zakti se kara sakate the| vaha vidyA bhArata meM thii| maMtrazakti se utpanna honevAle maMhAraka ko astra kahate hai| zArIrika bala se upayoga meM liye jAne vAle dhanuSa, trizUla, parazu Adi ko zastra kahA jAtA hai| maharSi bhAradvAja ne bahuta prAcInakAla meM "yaMtrasarvasva" nAmaka bar3A graMtha likhA thaa| usameM aneka yaMtroM ke prakAroM kI racanAeM, zastra, vimAna Adi viSayaka prakaraNa the| mahAbhArata kAla meM kevala "vaimAnika prakaraNa" bacA thaa| usa para vadavyAsa ke ziSya bodhAyana ne vRtti likhI hai| 1. yaMtrama-jisase niyamana kiyA jAye, jise kisI nizcita pAtra meM nizcita zabdakSaroM se sAdhA jAye / 2. maMtram-jisase devoM kA AhvAna-stuti karake icchita vastu prApta kI jA sake / 3. taMtram-jisase devoM ko cor3a diyA jAye-taMtragraMthoM ke AdhAra se unheM taMtra kahA jAtA hai / 4. usakA thoDDA aMza bacA hai| usa adbhuta aura Azcaryajanaka graMtha kI eka hastalipi mere hastalikhita graMthoM ke saMgraha meM hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

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prAyudha MURLI baMsI muralI AGNIJWALA agnIjvAlA PAN PATRA pAnapAva PATTISH paTTIza NB BHERI bherI DHOLAK-MRUDANG Dholaka mRdaMga MRUGA MRUGA NAKUL NAKU KUKUTA KUKUTA kukkuTa VINA viNA NA KAMANDAL mRga nakula KAMANDAL kamaMDala "aparAjita sUtra" 235 meM prAyudha ke prakaraNa meM prathama yuddhakSetra para zatra ke zastroM ke prahAra se rakSaNa ke lie yoddhAnoM ko bajrake deha jaisA kavaca, lohe ke patare se banAne ko kahA gayA hai| draviDa pradezoM meM AyudhoM ko devA-zaktirUpa mAnakara unakI pratimAeM draviDa maMdiroM meM utkIrNa pAyI jAtI hai| AyudhoM kI mUrti-pratimA ke pATha 'zrItatvanidhi' graMtha meM diye hai| viSNu kI gadA ko kaumodakI kahate haiN| unake dhanuSa ko sAraMga kahate hai| ziva ke dhanuSa ko pinAka kahate hai| isalie ziva ko pinAka-pANi bhI kahate haiN| ziva khopar3I kA bhikSApAtra dhAraNa karate haiN| isalie unheM kApAlika yA kapAlabhRtya bhI kahate haiN| paira kI haDDI meM se banAye hue khaTvAMga ke zirobhAga para manuSya kI khopar3I baiThAI hotI hai| prAcIna kAla meM asthi-haDDI kA upayoga Ayudha ke rUpa meM hotA thaa| jaise, dadhIcI RSi ne devadAnava ke yuddha meM devatAoM ko apanI haDDiyA~ zastra-yoga ke lie dI thiiN| pAza ko phAMse ke rUpa meM upayoga meM liyA jAtA hai| kheTaka, carma Adi hAla ke paryAya hai| zakti kA prayoga talavAra ke artha meM bhI hotA hai| dUsarI jagaha eka varNana meM use bhAle ke AkAra kA daivI zastra mAnakara use pheMkakara mArane kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| paTTikA loha For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA KAMAL kamala TANK " AMBRALUMBI AmralUbI TaMka DVAJ dhvaja - SUTRA sUtra KUMB MODAK modaka DAMRU Damaru PUTRA KAMBA kaMbA MATULINGA PHAL mAtuliMga phala LEKHINI lekhinI kA zastra hai| vaha lakar3I jaisA hotA hai| usake sire para tIkSNa dhAravAlA astra jaisA phala hai, aisA vaijayantikAra kahate hai| TaMka kA AkAra laMbagola hotA hai| use patthara meM se banAyA jAtA hai| muralI kA dUsarA nAma veNu yA bA~surI hai| draviDa zilpa meM mUrtizAstra aura liMga viSayaka jAnakArI savistara dI gayI hai| usameM pratimA ke kauna se aMga vibhAga meM kauna-sA Ayudha kitanA uMcA diyA jAye, skaMdha ke samakakSa kauna-sA, kAna nAsikA aura chAtI ke samakakSa kauna-sA Ayudha rakhA jAye, isa sabakA varNana kiyA gayA hai| jaina graMtha meM eka jagaha likhA hai ki asra-zasra pratimA ke mastaka se UMcA na honA cAhiye / lekina unake isa sUtra ko pUrNa rUpase svIkRta nahIM kiyA gayA hogA, kyoMki prAcIna kAla kI kaI purAnI mUrtiyAM isa siddhAMta ke viruddha bhI milatI hai| somezvaradeva (1427-38) ke kAla ke 'mAnasollAsa' meM tathA 'zastra vinoda' meM, zastroM kA paryApta varNana hai| caudahavIM zatAbdI ke prAraMbha meM maithilI bhASA meM likhe gaye 'varNa ratnAkara' graMtha meM 36 prakAra ke AyudhoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

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Acharya Shri Kailassagarsur Gyanmandir Ayudha 47 san 1814 meM racita 'pRthvIcaMda caritra meM bhI 36 daMDAyudhoM kI sUcI isa prakAra hai: 1. vajra 10. bhAlA 19. zavisTa 28. kAla 11. miDamAla 20. kaNava 29. rAca 3. dhanaSya 12. kheTa 21. kaMpana 30. pAza 4. aMkuza 13. bhUzaMDi 22. kartarI 31. phala 5. khaMga 14. mugdara 23. talavAra 32. yaMtra 6. rikA 15. araba 24. kudAla 33. dravya 7. tomara 25. Duskora 8. kuMta 17. parazu 26. gadA 35. lagaDa 2. trizUla 18. paTTiza 27. pralaya 36. kaTArI 'pAine akabarI' meM zAhI zastrAgAra ke hathiyAroM kA varNana hai| usameM somanAtha pATaNa meM banI huI faulAdI talavAra, jAmadAra aura khaTAvA nAma kI gujarAto kaTAroM kA vizeSa ullekha hai| 18 vIM zatAbdI meM 'sujAta caritra' nAmaka graMtha meM dehalI para jATa logoM ke dvArA kiye gaye lUTa ke AkramaNa ke prasaMga ke varNana meM hathiyAroM kA suMdara varNana hai| usa kAla ke bhAnabheda se nAmoM meM thor3I bhinnatA hai| rAjakoTa pustakAlaya meM nepAla kA dhanurveda saMvata 557 kA yuddha kalA kA eka bar3A graMtha hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

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aGga:dvAdazam (Decorative Frames) mukhya mUrti ke AsapAsa suzobhana-yukta alaMkaraNa ko parikara kahate haiN| parikara meM mukhya mUrti kI paryAyayukta zilpa-kRtiyAM utkorNa hotI hai| usake uparAnta anya alaMkRta zilpakRtiyAM utkIrNa kI jAtI hai| udAharaNa-cAmaradhArI srI-puruSa, dvArapAla, apsarA, aadi| viSNu kI mUrti ke AsapAsa dazAvatArayukta parikara hotA hai| sUrya kI mUrti ke cAroM ora navagraha-yukta parikara hai| devI kI mUrti ke pArzva meM saptamAtRkA yA navadurgA ke svarUpa-yukta parikara hotA hI hai / jaina mUrti ke paripArzva meM aSTapratihArI-yukta parikara hotA hai| prAcIna kAla kI pUjanIya murtiyoM kA to parikara hotA hI hai| pratimA ke mukha ke irda-girda ke vartalAkAra tejomaMDala ko prAbhA-maMDala yA prabhAmaMDala kahA jAtA hai| gupta kAla kI jaina pratimA ke parikara meM, parikara kI gAdI (baiThaka) siyukta hotI hai, madhya meM khar3A dharmacakra aura mRgayugma hotA hai, tathA Upara kI ora, indra, aura pratimA ke mastaka ke donoM ora ur3ate gAMdharva-vidyAdhara ke svarUpa hote hai| guptakAla aura bArahavIM zatAbdI meM jaina parikara, zilpa-graMthoM ke varNana ke anusAra zAstrokta paddhati se vizeSataH hone lge| matsya purANa meM parikara kA svarUpa yoM varNita hai : toraNa copariSTAtru vidyAdhara samanvitam // 13 // deva duMdubhi saMyuktaM gaMdharvamithunAnvitam panavallI samopetaM siMhavyAghra samanvitam tathA kalpalatopetaMstuvAGi grpreshvrH|| evaM vidho bhaved tribhAgeNAsya pIThikA // pUjya pratimA ke parikara ke toraNa meM vidyAdharoM ke rUpa (mUrti) karane caahiye| Upara kI ora deva-duMdubhi ke sAtha gAMdharvayugma (jor3I) karanI caahiye| donoM ora patravallI ke sAtha siMha-vyAghra aura kAla ke rUpa bhI karane caahiye| pUjya mUrti ke donoM ora parikara meM kalpalatA karanI cAhiye, aura parikara ke ardhabhAga se pIThikA-siMhAsana karanA caahiye| isa prakAra parikara bahuta prAcIna kAla se kiye jAte rahe haiN| jaina parikaroM kI racanA bhI guptakAla meM aisI hI thii| usake bahuta se dRSTAnta milate haiN| abhI pracalita aura pravartamAna parikara kI racanA to gyArahavIM zatAbdI ke bAda huI hogii| parikara ke kAraNa mUrti kA sauMdarya bar3hatA hai| mUrti ekAkI yA sUnI nahIM lgtii| sAmAnyataH mukhya mUrti kA hI alaMkRta parikara, zAstrokta paddhati se kiyA jAtA hai / lekina kaI zilpI anya mUrtiyoM kA bhI parikara karate haiM, jisase mUrti kA sauMdarya bar3he / sAmAnyataH aise parikara meM bAjU meM do staMbha, aura Upara unako jor3atA suMdara kalAtmaka toraNa hotA hai| uparAnta phUla, pattI, vyAghra, grAsa Adi parikara meM kiye jAte haiN| Upara gAMdharva, kinnara aura apsarAeM ur3atI huI dikhAI jAtI hai| staMbha ke pAsa nIce cAmaradhArI do sevaka banAye jAte haiN| For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra parikara www.kobatirth.org NARAYAH dazAvatAra-parikarayukta viSNu 49

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA Modiou GANE RA ollut 90 NSG. MP CURRAM - HOWN - CHATA zrI56 ma rAmapaMcAyana parikarayukta mAruti zIvapaMcAyana parikarayukta vinAyaka SON E HAHER ASALA parikarayukta brahmA mahiSAsuramadinI parikarayukta sUrya parikarayukta viSNu For Private And Personal Use Only

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parikara RADIO S are AKOGICASH Ne/ HIDIO SEI .IN SAR MURT mawww MAHOTA Culturas LATESYAVE MAMAA ziva viSNu brahmA KH zivatAMDava For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA TV MAKORE BHIT rAmAya jina parikara kabhI-kabhI choTI-choTI suMdara, alaMkRta apsarAeM bhI zilpita kI jAtI haiN| udAharaNataH gaNeza kI mUrti ke donoM bhora, sevaka kI jagaha, apekSAkRta choTe kada kI unakI patnI riddhi tathA siddhi utkIrNa kI jAtI haiN| staMbha ke Upara ke bhAga meM vyAghra yA grAsa zilpita kiye jAte haiN| kaI bAra magara ke mukha bhI prA~ke jAte haiN| devI-devatAoM kI mUrtiyoM ke bAda unake pArzvacara vAhana, prAyudha ko parikara kI kalA meM sthAna prApta huA hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

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aGga trayodazam vyAla svarUpa (Various forms of Vyala) dakSiNa bhArata ke devAlayoM meM hama pairoM para khar3e hue siMha jaise prANI kA vizAla kada kA zilpa dekhate haiN| use 'byAla' kahate haiN| dasavIM zatAbdI ke 'jJAna rattakoza' nAmaka zilpa-graMtha meM vyAla ko 'varAlaka' kahA gayA hai| gujarAta, saurASTra aura rAjasthAna ke zilpI ise 'virAlikA' kahate haiN| dravir3a pradezoM meM use 'yAlI' yA 'dALI ke nAma se pahacAnA jAtA hai / dakSiNa bhArata ke kaI loga use 'virAla' yA 'virAlikA' bhI kahate haiN| 'aparAjita sUtra' ke 233 veM adhyAya meM vyAla ke svarUpa varNita haiN| 'samarAMgaNa sUtradhAra' meM bhI solaha svarUpoM kA varNana hai| donoM graMthoM meM pATha svarUpa samAna haiM aura bAkI ATha eka dUsare se bhinna haiM / isaliye donoM graMthoM ke kula svarUpa (16+8) caubIsa hote haiN| 'aparAjita sUtra' meM varNita solaha svarUpa isa prakAra haiM: siMha, hAthI, azva, nara, naMdI, meMDhA, popaTa, sUara, pAr3A, cUhA, jaMtu, vAnara, haMsa, kukkuTa, mora aura tIna mastakayukta nAga / ___ 'samarAMgaNa sUtradhAra' meM isa solaha svarUpoM se bhinna jo ATha svarUpa haiM, ve isa prakAra hai: hariNa, zArdula, ziyAla, sAMbhara, zvAna, gadarbha, bakarA aura giddh| vyAla ke ye caubIsoM svarUpa zilpa meM sabhI jagaha dekhane meM nahIM aate| siMha, gaja, vyAghra, grAsa, nara yA makaramakha ke vyAla bahuta pracalita haiN| aura ve bahuta-sI jagahoM para dikhAI dete haiM / anya svarUpa zilpa meM kama milate haiN| jabaki ve citrakalA meM adhika dikhAI dete haiM / vyAghra, grAsa yA makaramukha vyAla zilpagraMthoM meM varNita nahIM hai, phira bhI zilpiyoM ne apanI kalpanA se use pattharoM meM zilpita kiyA hai! byAla kA zarIra siMha jaisA hai| choTe kadavAle usake paira haiM, aura vaha do pairoM para khar3A hotA hai| usake mukha kI jagaha vanacara, gAyacara, pazu, pakSI aura manuSya kA mukha ukerA jAtA hai| vyAla ke mukha meM lagAma DAla kara usakI pITha para savAra eka manuSya bhI ukerA jAtA hai / vyAla kA eka paira UMcA rahatA hai, usake nIce bahudhA DhAla, talavAra, bhAlA yA anya zastradhArI yoddhA kA rUpa ukerA jAtA hai| kabhI-kabhI hAthI, vAnara, svAna Adi prANI, usake paira ke nIce chipakara baiThe hue bhI ukere jAte haiN| devI-devatA yA divAla Adi mUrtiyoM kI donoM ora kI choTI staMbhikA para bhI virAlikA kA svarUpa ukerA jAtA hai| kabhI kabhI mUrti kI zobhA bar3hAne ke liye parivAra kI donoM ora vyAla ukere jAte haiN| vyAla svarUpoM ke isa paraMparAgata sthAna ke alAvA devAlaya kI anya jagaha para bhI zilpI apanI sUjha ke anusAra alaMkAra ke rUpa meM aise svarUpa ukerate haiN| jaise ki vArimArga (jalAntara) meN| devAlaya ko bAhya dIvAra, jo maMDovara kahI jAtI hai, yahAM vyAla svarUpa pUre kada meM (lAipha sAija) meM zilpita milate haiN| maMDovara ke AMtarika bhAga aura garbhagRha ke bAhara pradakSiNA-mArga ke staMbhoM para bhI aise svarUpa ukere hote haiN| dakSiNa bhArata ke dasavIM zatAbdI ke maMdiroM meM to lagabhaga 8-10 phUTa kI UMcAI ke bahuta se vyAla svarUpa ukere hue haiN| dravir3a pradeza ke maMdiroM ke vizAla pradakSiNA mArga ke donoM ora ke staMbhoM kI paMktiyoM meM vyAla ke ATha-dasa phuTa UMcAI ke bhavya svarUpa dikhAI dete haiN| ur3IsA ke rAjArAnI maMdira meM bhI vyAla For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA KNASI patrapatra VIRALIKA virAlikA ke vizAla svarUpa haiN| maMdira kI dvArazAkhA kI aMtima siMhazAkhoM meM vyAla ke aneka svarUpa ukere jAte haiN| dasavIM zatAbdI ke 'vAstuvidyA' graMtha meM dvArazAkhA kI aMtima zAkhA ko 'vyAla zAkhA' hI kahA gayA hai| vyAla-zAkhA ke Upara dhur3asavAra ukere hote haiN| bArahavIM zatAbdI ke somanAtha maMdira ke unnata dvAra kI siMha-zAkhA meM bar3e kada ke vyAla ke aneka bhinna-bhinna svarUpa the| usake kaI avazeSa aba bhI vahAM ke myUjiyama meM maujUda haiN| ghur3asavArI karate aneka vyAla svarUpa bhI vahAM haiN| ra para hotI kArAvAsAcI kamAnAca For Private And Personal Use Only

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vyAla svarUpa LION ELEPHANT MAN GRAS siMha hAthI mAnava grAma bhArata meM aneka maMdiroM meM aise vyAla dikhAI par3ate haiN| i. sa. pUrva ke amarAvatI aura sAranAtha ke stUpoM meM gaja aura makara vyAla bhI dikhAI dete haiN| saurASTra ke jUnAgar3ha se dhArAgar3ha daravAje ke najadIka kI guphA ke madala (bekeTa) meM IsA pUrva kI pahalI yA dUsarI zatAbdI kA vyAla svarUpa vidyamAna hai / saurASTra meM vaDhavANa ke nauvIM zatAbdI ke rANakadevI ke maMdira meM, dasavIM zatAbdI ke kaccha ke koTAI mora kerAkoTA ke zivAlayoM meM, bhadrezvara ke maMdiroM meM, thAna ke munIbAbA ke maMdira meM, trinetrezvara ke maMdira meM aura solaMkI yugIna maMdiroM kI jaMghA meM aura vArimArga meM aise svarUpa dikhAI dete haiN| guptakAla kI mUrtiyoM ke alaMkAra meM bhI vyAla ke svarUpa dikhAI par3ate haiN| madhya pradeza meM nauvIM zatAbdI ke khajurAho ke maMdiroM meM vyAla ke bar3e bhavya svarUpa zilpita haiN| siMha ke vyAla svarUpa bhuvanezvara aura konAraka meM vizeSa rUpa se pAye jAte haiN| siMha jaise zarIra ke Upara anya prANI, paMkhI yA manuSya ke ceharevAle yaha vyAla svarUpa kautuka kA viSaya haiN| azva aura gajamukha vyAla to dekhane meM bhI suMdara dikhAI par3ate haiM, lekina sarpamukha vyAla bhayAnaka lagate haiN| isakI aisI racanA kyoM huI, isakA koI patA nahIM HORSE maaN joo VARAH barAha GOAT DEER SHEEP MONKEY badara FOX lomaDI maga bheTa For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA gand totA barAha PARROT DOG VARAH LION calatA / anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki bhAvaka ke mana meM kautuka ke bhAva jagAne ke liye yA prANiyoM ke svabhAva kA mizraNa dikhAne ke liye yA navIna zilpa-sauMdarya kI racanA karane ke liye vyAla kI racanA huI hogii| gyArahavI bArahavI zatAbdI ke draviDa ke caula yazAla maMdiroM meM pITha meM siMha para mukhoM kI paMktI ko khoda gayA hai| nAgarAdi zilpa ke kAmada pITha kI grAsapaTTI bhI vyAla ke eka svarUpa kA aMza hai / kIrtimukhaH aura grAsa. vyAla ke svarUpa hai| vyAla ke kulake svarUpa jalacara prANI haiM / vyAla samudrI azva kahalAte hai| aparAjitakArane tribhaMga lalita kuMcita AliDhaya pratyAliDhaya zarIra mudrA kA vyAla kA svarUpa nirmANa kiyA hai| vyAla svarUpa ke bAremeM purAtattvajJa zrI madhusUdana DhAkI ne likhA hai| unake lekha kA isame kucha prAdhAra liyA hai| CO MAN8 Rany diyA kanadI ox:.. * W * TAREE HOOD SEAPENT PEACOCK CAN For Private And Personal Use Only

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aGga : caturdazam devAnucara, asurAdi akonaviMzatI svarUpa (Heavenly Followers and Asuras) devAnucara ke kaI prakAra hai| devakoTi ke bAda RSikoTi aura kSetrapAla kakSA ke bhI haiN| anucara kakSA ke pAMca-hanumAna, yakSa, yakSiNI, pitRnAga, vetAla kA uttara pUjana hotA hai| usake bAda ke cAra uttarAnucara, vidyAdhara, kinnara, gaMdharva aura apsarA devAMganA ko madhyama koTi kA mAnA gayA hai| devatAoM ke tIna pratispardhI dAnava, asura aura rAkSasa ko adhama koTi kA mAnA gayA hai| bhUta, preta, pizAca, zAkinI, ye cAroM pretayoni ke bhaTakate aura lupta hote adhama yoni ke jIva haiN| inake sabhI svarUpa zilpagraMthoM meM varNita hai| mUla zloka ke sAtha unake pATha yahAM diye gaye haiN| devoM ke anucara yakSa, yakSiNI, nAga, hanumaMta aura betAla kI pratimAoM kA, phala kI AkAMkSA se kaI bhAvika loga maMdira bAMdhakara pUjana karate haiN| 64 yoginiyoM aura 52 vIra vetAla ke bhI maMdira bAMdhe hue milate haiN| madhya pradeza meM 10 vIM zatAbdI kA 64 yoginI kA maMdira aura jabalapura ke pAsa 11 vIM zatAbdI kA eka kalAmaya maMdira dekhane ko milatA hai| 18 vIM zatAbdI ke vetAla aura vIra ke maMdira utara gujarAta meM, U~jhA meM, jIrNa avasthA meM vidyamAna haiN| aise maMdiroM kI dIvAloM para devoM ke pratispardhI dAnavoM, asuroM, rAkSasoM aura bhUtapretoM kI pratimAeM bhI utkINita milatI hai| hAlAMki isa prakAra ke maMdira bahuta kama dekhane ko milate haiM, phira bhI isa RSI RISHI nAga dAsukI NAG VASUKI kinnara KINNAR yakSa YAKSHA For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA CEN vidyAdhara-mAlAdhara VIDYADHAR - MALADHAR gAMdharva yugala GANDHARYA-UGAL yakSiNI YAKSHINI ATORS hanumaMta For Private And Personal Use Only

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devAnucara, asurAdi akona vizaMtI svarUpa prakAra kI mUrtiyA~ banatI thIM, isake aneka pramANa isa prakAra ke maMdiroM evaM zAtroM meM maujUda haiN| bhUta, preta, rAkSasa, asura, dAnava Adi kI mUrtiyAM garbhagRha ke kauna-se bhAga meM baiThAyI jAyeM, isa saMbaMdha meM nAgarAdi zilpagraMthoM, draviDa graMthoM aura purANoM meM varNana milatA hai| zAstrokta vidhi se una mUrtiyoM kI pUjA hotI thI, aura unake maMdira bhI banate the| yaha 19 svarUpa zilpa aura citrakarma meM racane kA Adeza prAcIna zilpa graMthoM meM milatA hai| jaina AgamoM meM prAcIna devavAda ke cAra pradhAna varga kahe gaye haiN| 1. jyotiSa (naugrahAdi) 2. vaimAnika (indrAdi deva) 3. bhuvanapati (asura aura nAga-do varga meM) 4. vyaMtara (jisameM yakSa, gaMdharva, vidyAdhara, rAkSasa, pizAca, bhUta Adi) hindU zAsroM ke paurANika kathAnakoM meM devoM ke pratipakSI ke rUpa meM dAnavoM, asuroM aura rAkSasoM ko mAnA gayA hai| unake bIca bhayaMkara yuddhoM kA varNana purANoM meM aura rAmAyaNa tathA mahAbhArata meM milatA hai| bhUta, preta, pizAca, zAkinI (DAkinI), ina cAroM kA ullekha purANAdi graMthoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| aura zilpazAstroM meM unake svarUpoM ke varNana diye gaye haiN| ve isa prakAra haiM: 1. RSimUrti : jaTAmukuTa kurcAya haste daMDapustakam yajJasUtrotarIyatra tvarUpaMRSimUrtiya // 1 // jaTA dhAraNa kiye hue, RSi ke mukha para dAr3hI aura hAtha meM mAlA tathA pustaka hai| ve yajJasUtra-upavIta aura uttarIya-vastra pahane hote haiN| aisA RSi kA svarUpa hai| 2. hanumaMta: hanumaMta mahAvIra panotIpAdanimnakaH gadA parvata hastena mukha vAnara vA nara // 2 // zrIrAma ke anucara mahAvIra hanumaMta paira ke nIce panotI ko dabAkara khar3e haiN| hAtha meM gadA aura parvata dhAraNa kiye hue haiN| unakA mukha vAnara kA (yA nara kA?) hai| ve dakSiNa bAyavya meM hote haiN| QDEO P dAnava kSevapAla KSHETRAPAL pita PITRU asUra A SUR DANAY For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA MY PATopIE EGE preta zAkinI SHAKINI pizAca PISHACHI vetAla VAITAL PRET 3. kSetrapAla: kSetrapAla zUlavaMta jaTAmukuTakurcaya digvAsA niRti deva kajjala cala saMnnibham // 3 // kSetrapAla : trizUla dhAraNa kiye hue, jaTAmukuTa aura dAr3hIvAle nirvasra (nagna), zyAma varNa ke niRti deva ko naiRtya koNa ke adhipati samajhA jaaye| 4 yakSa: tuMdilA dvibhujAkAryA nidhihasta mhotktto|| mayasaMgRhe bar3e peTavAle, donoM hAthoM meM dravya kI thailI liye hue, yakSa hote haiN| 5 pItara: pItara pItavarNoma yajJasUdvibhujaya vAma jAnu parinhastA sUci dakSiNa hstaayo||5|| kAzyape vRddha pitRdeva pIta varNa ke, yajJasUtna dhAraNa kiye huye, do hAtha vAle haiN| unakA bAyAM hAtha paira ke ghuTanoM para hai, aura dAyeM hAtha meM yajJa kI zaravA-sUci hai| (donoM hAthoM meM nAga ke AbhUSaNa hai, aura bhadrapITha para baiThe haiN|) 6. nAgasvarUpa : dvijihvA bAhava saptaphaNI samanvitaH prakSasUtra dharA sarve kuMDikA puccha sNyutaa|| do jihvAyukta, saptaphaNA aura maNi ke sAtha, nAbhi ke nIce sarpapucchAdhAra aura Upara puruSAkAra hai| unake hAtha meM mAlA paura kamaMDala hai| (anya mata se khaDga aura DhAla bhI hai|) For Private And Personal Use Only

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aneka deva devAMganA digNalAdi svarUpa For Private And Personal Use Only

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RGorvituRIOR A HORAGAKANEYA kaliGga : orisA ke bhuvanezvarameM rAjarANIprAsAda ke pRSThabhadra ke drazya maMDovara For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra devAnucara, asurAvi kona vinaMtI svarUpa 7. vidyAdhara : www.kobatirth.org 8. gAMdharva mAlAvidyAdharava // iti vidyAdhara, ( zrAgnaye ) vidyAdhara puSpamAlA sahita prakAza meM ghUmate haiM (Agnye) varado bhaktalokAnA kuMDa kAryAturUpadhayoM bINA vAdanyastathA // 8 // bhakta logoM ko varadAna denevAle, viSNu Adi ke gAMdharva yugala, kirITa-mukuTa dhAraNa kiye hue, hAtha meM vINAvAdya liye hote ur3ate hai / 9. kinnara : yoNA hasta kirAsya // ( ye ). hAtha meM vINAvAdya dhAraNa kiye hue kinnara kA svarUpa hai| anya jagaha kinnara kA svarUpa varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki pazu jaisA unakA zarIra hai| kamara ke Upara ke bhAga meM puruSAkRti hai, mukha garur3a kA hai| aura do hAtha mukuTa-kamala rUpa jur3e hue hote haiN| 10. asura : kirITa kuMDalapetastIkSNadaMSTA bharA nAnAzastradharA kAryA daityAsuragaNAdidhaH // 10 // zilparatnam kirITa-mukuTa aura kuMDaladhArI, tIkSNa daMtavAle, tathA aneka bhayaMkara zastradhArI, ve daitya aura asura gaNa ke adhipati haiM / 11. dAnavaH dAnavAvikArA bhRkuTikuTilAnanA / kirITena ca kubjena maMDitA zastra pANavaH / nAnA rUpa mahAkAya daMSTrA karAlavadanA // 11 // zilparatnam Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir IdraktA eva betAlA dIrghadehAH kRzodarAH pizAcA rAkSasAzvaiva bhUtavetAla jAtayaH nirmAte sarva vikRta rUpiNaH / / 12 / / zilparatnam vikarAla svarUpavAle, vakra bhramarayukta, kirITa-mukuTadhArI, kubar3e mukhavAle, aneka zastra aura AbhUSaNadhArI, mahAkAya, bhayaMkara mukhavAle dAnava hote haiN| 12. 61 raktavastradharA kRSNA nakhadIrghAH sadaMSTrikA afravAMga hastAca rAkSasA ghorarUpiNaH // 13 // mayadIpikA laMbI dehayukta, baiThe hue peTavAle vetAla hote haiM / pizAca, rAkSasa aura bhUta ye saba vetAla kI jAti ke hI haiM / ve sarva mAMsarahita, haDDIyukta, deha ke bhayaMkara vikRta svarUpavAle hote haiM / 13 rAkSasa : bhUtAstathava dAnavAzca dIrghavakrA pizAcakA nirmAsA kRzodarA raudra vikRtarUpiNaH // mayavopikA ve lAla varNaM ke vastroM se yukta, zyAma varNa ke dehavAle, laMbe nakhavAle aura bhayaMkara svarUpavAle hote haiM / unake hAthoM meM kIrti aura khaTvAMga hote hai / rAkSasa aise ghora rUpavAle hote haiM / 14. bhUtaH For Private And Personal Use Only bhUta, dAnava aura pizAca ke deha mAMsarahita, kevala haDDIvAle hote haiN| aura ina sabhI ke mukha laMbe hote haiN| baiThA huA peTa aura bhayaMkara rUpa, yahI bhUtoM kA svarUpa hai| 15. pretaH mahodarA kRzAGagAzca raudra vikRtAnanA / / 15 / /

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 62 preta bar3e peTavAle, durbala zarIra vAle, bhayaMkara vikRta dehavAle aura laMbe mukhavAle hote haiM / 16. pizAca www.kobatirth.org utparva kRzakAyAste carmAstisnAyu vigraha hrasvakIrNa ziro jAsyu dIrgha bakA pizAcakA // 16 // zilparatnam 17. asarA devAMganA pIlI ghAbovAlI mahAsuMdara ramya rUpavAlI pravarAaiM hotI hai| 18. yakSinI // yakSiNyA stabdhadIrghAkSa // 19. zAkinI : phUlA huA nAka, gaThIlI haDDiyAM aura cmdd'ii| haDDiyAM aura snAyu dikhAI deM, aise durbala dehayukta, kama aura ghane bAlavAle, tathA laMbe mukhavA pizAca hote haiN| 20. zilpAlaMkAra paMcajIva: stabdha dRSTiyukta aura laMbI prAMkhoMvAlI yakSinI hotI haiM / // tirachI dRSTivAlI zAkinI hotI haiN| fisgAkSAsyu mahAramyA rUpiNopsarasaH // 17 // zrI zAkinI vakra draSTRSyA // atha kIrtimukhAyAsi prAsa makara saMsthite vizalI vilola jivhA paMcadhA parikIrtitA // 20 // zrInA bhItIya SHANBULALB SOMPURA apsarA bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra devAnucara, asurAdi kona vizaMtI svarUpa zilpa karma meM alaMkRta paMcajIva isa prakAra haiM: 1. kIrtimukha, 2. nAga, 3. grAsa, 4. makara, rUpa mAne jAte haiN| kIrtImukha KIRTI MUKHA makara MAKAR NAG nAga VIRALIKA-VYAL virAlikA www.kobatirth.org grAsa GRAS 5. 201 zilpAlaMkAra paMcajIva 63 virAlI. yaha pAMca jIva prANI zilpakRti ke alaMkAra

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aGga : paMcadazam svarUpa (Forms of Devanganas) devAMganAoM (devakanyA, nRtyAMganA, apsarA svarNanivAsinI) ke svarUpa, pazcima bhArata ke 'nAgarAdi' zilpagraMthoM meM spaSTatA se varNita hai| draviDa zilpagraMthoM meM mUrtizAstra viSayaka bahuta suMdara varNana milate hai, paraMtu, usameM devAMganAoM ke bAre meM ullekha nahIM hai| yaha Azcarya kI bAta hai| vesara jAti ke maisUra rAjya ke halibeDa, belUra aura somanAthapuram ke sarvottama prAsAdoM meM devAMganAnoM ke svarUpa pratyakSa-staMbha para utkIrNa hue milate haiN| khuzI kI bAta yaha hai ki pUrva bhArata ke ur3iyA (ur3IsA) ke zilpagraMthoM meM, 'zilpa prakAza' nAmaka graMtha meM, 16 prakAra kI devAMganAmoM ke svarUpa tathA unake lakSaNa, nAma Adi ke bAre meM varNana milate haiN| aura ve ur3IsA ke aura bhuvanezvara, purI, prAdi ke zilpa-sthApatya meM dRSTigata hote haiN| jise hama devAMganA kahate haiM, use uDIyA meM alasyA-pAlasa-kanyA-kahate hai| zilpazAstroM meM 32 devAMganAoM, nRtyAMganAoM tathA apsarAoM ke varNana milate haiN| kaI graMthoM meM 24 devAMganAoM ke varNana hai| ina sabake nAma bhinna-bhinna graMthoM meM alaga-alaga diye gaye haiN| lekina kaI nAma sAmAnya hone ke kAraNa, 32 svarUpoM ke varNana to milate hI hai| vRkSArNava, kSIrArNava aura prAcIna hastalikhita graMthoM meM kaI nAma bhinna batAye hone ke kAraNa, kaI devAMganAoM ke aura bhI nAma mile hai| niHsaMdeha, hasta, mukha aura rUpa-lakSaNa meM bhinnatA hone ke kAraNa hI unheM alaga nAma diye jAne kI saMbhAvanA pAyI jAtI hai| jo naU mAmoM meM pharka hai, vaha isa prakAra hai: 1. zubhAyinI - zubhAMginI 6. mohinI - maMjughoSa, vijayA 2. gar3hazabdA - padmanetrA 7. uttAnA - caMdravakA 3. citrarUpA - citravallabhA, putravallabha 8. tilottayA - trilocana kAmalayA 4. bhAvamudrikA - bhAvacaMdrA, bhujapoSA 9. raMbhA - uttAna 5. mAnavI - mAnanI brahmA, viSNu, ziva aura jina prAdi devoM ke maMDapa aura maMDovara vitAna Adi meM uparyukta 32 devakanyAeM nRtya karatI dikhAtI hai| IzAna koNa se pradakSiNAkAra devakanyAoM ke svarUpa isa prakAra kramazaH utkIrNa karane cAhie aisA vidhAna kiyA hai| 32 devakanyAoM ke nAma-kramazaH 1. menakA 2. lIlAvatI 3. vidhivitA 4. suMdarI 5. zubhagAminI-zubhAMginI 6. haMsAvalI 7. sarvakalA 8. karpUra maMjarI For Private And Personal Use Only

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devAMganA svarUpa 9. padminI 10. gUr3hazabdA-padmanetrA 11. citriNI 12. citravallabhA (citrarUpA-putravallabhA) 13. gaurI 14. gAMdhArI 15. devazAkhA (devajJA) 16. marIcikA 17. caMdrAvalI 18. patralekhA (caMdrarekhA) 19. sugaMdhA 20. zatrumardinI 21. mAnavI (mAnanI, mAnikI) 22. mAnahaMsA 23. susvabhAvA (susvabhAvI) 24. bhAvacaMdrA (bhAvamudrikA) 25. mRgAkSI 26. urvazI 27. raMbhA (uttAna) 28. bhujaghoSA (maMjughoSA) 29. jayA 30. vijayA (mohinI) 31. caMdravakA (uttAnA) 32. kAmarUpA (tilottamA) devAMganAoM ke svarUpa lakSaNa 1. menakAH menakA SaDgakheTaM ca nRtyati ca padastale hAtha meM khaDga-DhAla dhAraNa karake, bAyAM paira Upara kiye, nRtya karatI huI menkaa| N MARATH TO menakA lIlAvatI . vidhicitA suMdarI 2. lIlAvatI : pAlasya ca lIlAvatI pAlasyayukta hotI hai liilaavtii| For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA 3. vidhicitA : vidhicitA svadarpaNa hAtha meM darpaNa lekara mukhadarzana karatI yA biMdI lagAtI huI vidhicitaa| 1. suMdarI: suMdarI nRtya muktA ca nRtya karatI ho, vaha suMdarI hai| zubhakAminI hasAulI sabakalI karpUramaMjarI 5. zubhagAminI-(zubhAMginI); zubhA kaMTaka (gRka) nirgatA paira kA kaMTaka nikAlatI strii| (zubhAMginI) 6. sAvalI : pAda zRMgAra ko ca haMsA kamala locanA gAthA uccAraNA vAtha // sarva paThAntaraH karNa zRgAra bhUSitA para kA zRMgAra karatI huI, jhAMjhara pahanatI huI, kamala jaise locanayukta, gAthA kA uccAra karatI huI hotI hai hNsaavlii| 7. sarvakalAH natyaMti ca sarvakalA varadA dakSA jaNijJa mastake vAmahaste ca citanamudrA saMyutam dAyA~ hAtha varadamudrAyukta, bAyAM hAtha nRtyamudrA meM mastaka para rakhakara nRtya karatI huI hotI hai nRtyaaNgnaa| (sarvakalA) pAThAntara: te saha bhUpANA madhye dhiSu dhiSu dhina dhig jAyati paraMpura bahi caturmukhe dvivya suranara nRtyaMti bhAvanA sahajAm kaI purAnI pratiyoM meM Upara jaise binA artha ke bhI zloka hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

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devAMganA svarUpa 8. karpUra maMjarI: nagna bhAve kRtasnAnA nAmnA karpUramaMjarI nagna (yA magna) bhAva se snAna karatI yA magna bhAva se nRtya karatI huI hotI hai karpUra mNjrii| padyInI guDhazadA PADMINI GUDDHASHABDA citINI patra vallabhA CHITRINI PUTRA VALLABHA 9. padminI : padmahaste ca nRtyAMgI paTTe padma ca padminI bAMye hAtha meM padma liye nRtya karatI huii| kamala padma ke pttvaalii| (padminI) 10. gur3hazabdA (padmanetrA): abhayadA zizuyuktA padmanevA-sA uccate abhaya mudrAvAlI, usake kakSa meM bAlaka hai| (aisI gUDhazabdA) 11. citriNI: kapAle vAmahastA ca nRtyabhAvA ca cinigI nRtya bhAva se jisakA bAyAM hAtha kapAla-mastaka para hai / (aisI citriNI) 12. citrarUpA (citravallabhA, putravallabhA): citrarUpA sa puvAMgI jisane apanI kamara para putra dhAraNa kiyA hai, vaha / (citrarUpA putravallabhA) 13. gaurI : gaurIca sihamardinI siMha kA mardana karanevAlI / gaurI For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA NAGAR gaurI GUAR gAMdhArI GANDHARI devazAkhA DEVA SHAKHA maricikA MARICHIKA 14. gAMdhArI : uttamAMge karanyastA gAMdhArI nAmanartikA uttama aMgavAlI, ramya nRtya karatI huii| gAMdhArI 15. devazAkhA ( devajJA):: golacakra nRtyako devazAkhA sA cocyate golAkAra (cakra meM) nRtya karatI aMgavAlI / devazAkhA 16. marIcikA : dhanurbANamyaM saMdhAtA vAmadRSTi marIcikA bAyIM ora dRSTi rakhakara dhanuSa-bANa tAkatI devAMganA / maricikA KHANI zakAraka kAma caMdrAvalI pavalesa sugaMdhA CHANDRAVALI PATRALEKHA SUGANDHA zatrumardinI SHATRUMARDINI For Private And Personal Use Only

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devAMganA svarUpa 17. caMdrAvalI: aMjalI baddhA nataMkI ca caMbAvalI sulocanA suMdara locanayukta, aMjalI mudrAvAlI, sanmukha dRSTivAlI devAMganA / caMdrAvalI 18. patralekhA (caMdrarekhA): .. dakSiNa hastakamale tADapatraM ca dharitrIkA lalATe caMdrarekhA ca sanAma vistare sadA usake dAhine hAtha meM lekhanI hai, tAr3apatra dhAraNa karake lekhana karatI hai tathA usake lalATa meM caMdra kI rekhA hai, aisI sadA vistaarvaalii| patralekhA 19. sugaMdhA : __ sugaMdhA ca cakradhara nRtyaM ca kurvIta cakra ko mAthe para dhAraNa karake nRtya karatI devAMganA / sugaMdhA 20. zatrumardinI : asiputra gharA nRtyA zobhate zavamardinI hAtha meM churI dhAraNa karake nRtya se zobhAyamAna / zatrumardinI S THARO Vatar mAnanI mAnahaMsA susvabhAvA bhAvacaMdrA MANANI MANAHANSA - SUSVABHAVA BHAVCHANDRA 21. mAnavI (mAnanI): hArahastA ca nRtyAMgI mAnavI kula suMbarI / donoM hAthoM meM hAra dhAraNa karake nRtya karatI aMgavAlI, kalA kI kula suMdarI / mAnanI 22. mAnahaMsA : pRSTha vaMzomdavA nRtyA mAnahaMsA ca suMdarI apanI pITha dikhAkara nRtya karatI huI, jisakA mukha pIche rahatA hai, aisI nRtyAMganA / mAnahaMsA 23. susvabhAvA : dAhinA ra aravara ra mAvi parAko thiyo kA UrdhvapAde caturmago svabhAva karau mastake dAhinA paira Upara rakhakara, do hAtha mastaka para rakhakara, vividha aMga-bhaMga vAlI nRtyAMganA / susvabhAvA For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA 24. bhAvacaMdrA (bhAvamudrikA): hastapAdau yogamudrA bhAvacaMdrA sunartakI hAtha-paira yoga-mudrAyukta rakhakara nRtya karatI huii| bhAvacaMdra T ki Su dU MRUGAKSHI URVASHI RAMBHA MANJUGHOSHA mRgAkSI urvazI raMbhA maMjuSozA 25. mRgAkSI : mRgAkSI sakalA nRtyA sarva kalA se nRtya karatI huI / mRgAkSI 26. urvazI : bakSahaste vaityazikhA daityakhaMgana hanti ca dAhine hAtha se daitya kI zikhA khIMcakara use khaDgase mAratI strii| urvazI 27. raMbhA (uttAna): hastadvayeta khUrike dhRtyA natyaM ca kurvata UrvIkRta bakSapAnAmnA raMmmA nrtkii| donoM hAtha meM churI dhAraNa karake dAhinA paira Upara rakhakara nRtya karatI huii| raMbhA 28. bhujaghoSA (maMjughoSA): hastadvayena khaDge ca nRtyAvarta ca kurvIta bhujaghoSaMti nAmA sA nRtyaM karoti srvdaa|| donoM hAthoM meM khaDga dhAraNa karake gola bhramara-nRtya karatI nRtyaaNgnaa| mujaghoSA 29. jayAH zirasi kalazaM dhRtvA jayAnRtyaM kurvIta / mastaka para kalaza dhAraNa karake nRtya karatI huI / jayA 30. mohinI (vijayA): puruSAliMganayuktA mohinI nAmnA nrtkii| puruSa ko AliMgana karatI huii| mohinI 'mohinI' ke agale pATha meM indra aura raMbhA kA svarUpa kahA hai| paraMtu isa zloka ke aMtima pATha ke anusAra 'mohinI' ko puruSa se For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra devAMganA svarUpa jayA JAYA 32. kAmarUpA (tilottamA ) : www.kobatirth.org mohinI MOHINI liMgabaddha karane kA vidhAna hai| eka dUsarI prati meM 'narayuktA saMmohinI', aisA spaSTa kahA hai| hAlAMki yahAM mohinI svarUpa ke ATha bheda haiM, lekina ve bhAva to eka hI dikhAte haiN| 31. caMdrA (uttAnA) : satsuMdarAMgI nRtya copAdA caMdravA // eka paira Upara rakhakara, lacIle aMga se nRtya karatI huii| caMdravakrA kAsya maMjirA puSpabANa vAlI kAmarUpA tilottamA / Adi caMdrakA CHANDRAVAKRA paMDavAnI guphINI SHAKHAVADINI KESH GUNPHANI boo kAmarupA KAMRUPA 71.

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 72 www.kobatirth.org dRSTimatAkAryA nRtya bhAna nartako jJAyate sarva lokesmina sthUlavehA (ca) mahItale ete pAvitAnA divyasthAne caturmu digpAlA yakSa gaMdharva bhAskarAdi grahastathA // 1897 viNAvAdinI. VINAVADINI zloka naM0-33 : sarvaloka meM jAnI-pahacAnI devAMganAe~ pRthvI para skUla deha meM nRtya mudrAoM meM dekhane ko milatI hai ityanAtha kI dRSTi nIcI rakhanI caahie| prAsAda ke divya sthAna meM, caturmukha prAsAda ke maMDovara ke jaMghAmaMDapa meM, caukI aura gumbara - vitAna Adi meM digpAla, lokapAla, yakSa, gAMdharva aura sUryAdi nau graha utkIrNa karane caahie| jabaki muni, tApasa, vyAla Adi ke svarUpa pAnItAra ( jalAntara ) meM urehane caahie| bansIvAdinI bansIpAvadhArInI mRdaMgavAdinI BANSIVADINI BANSI PATRADHARINI MRUDANGAVADINI Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir khaMjirIvAdInI maMjirAvAdinI KHANJIRIVADINI MANJIRAVADINI For Private And Personal Use Only bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA

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devadevAGganAdi : svarUpa sahita kaula aura gajatAlu (ghavAlu) ke tharayukta vitAna (gumbaja) mUrtinirmANa kartA gujarAta ke suprasiddha zilpakalAvida zrI caMdulAla bha. somapurA For Private And Personal Use Only

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karNATaka-belura ke kalApUrNa maMdira ke hasta-azvagaja siMhayukta aura devasvarUpayukta maMDovara kI jaMghA For Private And Personal Use Only

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devAMganA svarUpa kAMsya maMji baMzI vINA zaMkha mubaMga khaMjarI vividhA vAvina vazyA ca kvacita nRtya nAyakA // 132 // kAMsA, maeNjIrA, baMsI, vINA, zaMkha, Dhola yA khaMjarI bajAtI, vividha vAjintravAdinI devAMganAyeM bhI kaI-kaI prAcIna zilpoM meM dikhAyI par3atI hai| zAstroM ke pAThoM meM bhI, ati prAcIna maMdiroM meM pAyI jAtI bhinna-bhinna svarUpa, hAva-bhAva, aMgabhaMgI tathA vividha vAjinnoMvAlI devakanyAoM ke svarUpoM ke varNana hameM milate haiN| pahale hama devAMganAoM ke 32 svarUpoM se bhinna, vAjinna bajAtI pATha devakanyAmoM ke svarUpa prastuta karate haiM, bAda meM 32 devAMganAoM se ve kisa taraha milatI julatI haiM, usakA nirUpaNa kreNge| devakanyAnoM ke pATha svarUpa : vAjintra dhAriNiyAM: 1. mRdaMgavAdinI : mRdaMga bajAne meM magna devAMganA 2. vINAvAdinI : vINA bajAne meM magna devAMganA 3. khaMjarIvAdinI : khaMjarI " " 4. maMjIrAvAdinI : maMjIre, , , 5. zaMkhavAdinI : zaMkha , " 6. baMzIvAdinI : baMzI , , , 7. kezaguMphana (karatI) : kezagUMthane meM magna devAMganA 8. baMsIpAna dhAriNI : bAyeM hAtha kI baMsI mastaka para gharakara tathA dAhine hAtha meM pAtra liye aMgabhaMgIvAlI devaaNgnaa| prAcInakAla ke bhinna-bhinna samayoM meM likhI gaI azuddha hastalipiyoM meM 32 devAMganAmoM ke nAma isa prakAra diye gaye haiN| usameM kaI to kevala nRtyAMganAeM hI haiM, jabaki kaI vAjintradhAriNI kanyAeM haiN| zilpazAstra meM varNita 32 devAMganAoM ke sivAya zilpiyoM dvArA apanI marjI yA kalpanA se urehI huI devAMganAoM ke vividha pracalita svarUpoM kI nAmAvalI yahAM dI gaI hai, usameM devAMganA-svarUpoM ke sAmya-bheda ko bhI darzAyA gayA hai| vAjinna-vAviniyoM ke svarUpa : devAMganA svarUpa meM pAye jAne vAle pracalita svarUpa : 1. mohanA 2. maMjulA 3. gArgI 4. mugdhA 5. zyAmA 6. khaMjanA 7. sUrapAlI : baMsInAda karatI : pAyala, nUpura, maMjIre bajAtI : Dholaka bajAtI : muralI bajAtI : sitAra, : khaMjarI, : zahanAI , dekhiye, devAMgana svarUpa meM, , baMzIvAdinI " haMsAvalI , mRdaMgavAdinI , baMzIvAdinI , khaMjarI vAdinI (prabhAtakanyA yA vivAhita kanyA kI sakhI) : raNasiMga, dekho, baMjarI vAdinI 8. rAginI 9. jhaMkArI 10. tUryA 11. raMjanA 12. bhIlar3I (bhIla kanyA) 13. taraMgA 14. saritA 15. bAlA 16. gArgINI 17. mugdhA 18. RkSmaNI : ekatArA, : rAvaNahaththA (eka taMtuvAdya) : Dhola : jalataraMga bajAtI : bInA bajAtI : naradhA (Dhola jaisA) : mRdaMga bajAtI : zaMkhanAda karatI : jalakuMbhayukta (panihAra) dekho, vINAvAdinI ,, mRdaMgavAdinI ., zaMkhavAdinI jayA For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA // caMdrAvalI 19. padmA 20. pUrNimA (pUrNa) (tUrya) 21. sumati 22. kAmavatI 23. ratnAvalI 24. karuNA 25. kalAvatI 26. kuMdana 27. menAvalI 28. aMjanA 29. banarekhA 30. zRMkhalA 31. zobhanA 32. jharanA : pUjA-pAratI karatI (pujAriNI) : pipIharInAda karatI : phUla-hAravAlI (mAlina) ,, mAnanI : mAthA gUMthatI, coTI bAMdhatI , keza guMphana-7, vidhi citA : totA-mainAvAlI (dakSiNa pradeza meM mUrtiyoM ke skaMdha para aise pakSI rahate hai|) : pakhAla-maMjIrA bajAtI dekho, maMjIrAvAdinI : hAtha meM kaMkaNavAlI nartakI (sabhI kaMkaNa pahane hotI haiM), suMdarI : kabUtara ko dAnA cunAtI : pakSIyukta (dakSiNa pradeza kI mUrti) : biMdiyA (tilaka) lagAtI : patralekhana karatI , patralekhA-caMdralekhA : churikA nRtya karatI , raMbhA : tIna putravAlI , putravallabhA : pAyala pahanatI ,, haMsAvalI apsarAeM svarga meM devoM kA manoraMjana karatI hai| unakI anukRti devAlayoM ke zilpoM meM kI jAtI hai| ye apsarAeM devAMganA, devakanyA, surasuMdarI, nRtyAMganA, alazA Adi bhinna-bhinna nAmoM se pahacAnI jAtI hai| pazcima bhArata ke nAgarAdi zilpa graMtha 'kSIrArNava' aura 'dIpArNava' meM unake 32 nAma aura svarUpa lakSaNoM ke sAtha varNita hai| jabaki dUsare graMthoM meM sirpha 24 hI zAstrIya nAma milate haiN| lekina nAgarAdi zilpagraMthoM meM bahuta spaSTatA se 32 svarUpa varNita haiM, isalie aisA mAnane meM koI dikkata nahIM hai ki 24 svarUpa apUrNa hI hai| hastalekhoM kI azuddhi ke kAraNa aisA honA saMbhava hai| pUrva bhArata meM kaliMga ur3IsA ke zilpoM meM to devAMganAoM kI saMkhyA kevala 16 hI dI gayI hai| draviDa zilpagraMthoM ke svarUpoM ke bAre meM koI varNana nahIM miltaa| jo draviDa zilpagraMtha mile haiM, unameM kaI devAMganAoM ke svarUpoM kA ullekha nahIM hai| isakA matalaba yaha huA ki draviDa zilpagraMtha pUrNa nahIM milate, yA vahAM devAMganAoM kI prAdhAnya nahIM thaa| dakSiNa karNATaka, maisUra rAjya ke belura aura somanAthapuram ke hayazAla zilpa maMdiroM meM devAMganAoM kI bahuta suMdara mUrtiyAM dikhAI detI hai| isaliye dakSiNApatha ke zilpagraMtha draviDa se bhinna zailI ke haiM, aisA unakI kRti para se lagatA hai| unake yama-niyamoM ke graMtha bhI hone caahie| ve aba taka dekhane meM nahIM Aye, para unakA zilpa adabhuta hai| pUrva bhArata ke kaliMga, ur3IsA, bhuvanezvara, koNArka aura jagannAtha purI ke maMdira bhavya hai| unakI kalAkRtiyAM bhI suMdara hai| unameM devAMganAoM ke svarUpa bahuta milate haiN| madhyapradeza ke zilpasthAnoM meM khajurAhoM ke samUha-maMdira haiN| unameM bhI devAMganAoM ke svarUpa zilpita kiye gaye haiN| uttara bhArata meM aise kaI alabhya zilpa-sthApatyoM meM suMdara deva-svarUpa pAye jAte haiN| una maMdiroM kI racanA nAgarAdi zilpoM se milatI hai| phira bhI kaI viSayoM meM ve unase bhinna hai| aise suMdara prAsAdoM ke zilpagraMtha aba bhI prApta nahIM hue haiN| vidharmiyoM ke vinAzaka upadravoM se aisA amUlya sAhitya lupta ho gayA hai| pUrva bhArata ke kaliMga, ur3IsA meM zilpa ke graMtha prApta hue haiN| kaI prAkRta bhASA meM prakAzita hue haiN| nauvIM zatAbdI kA graMtha-'zilpa prakAza-saMskRta meM hai| usakA saMzodhana karake aMgrejI anuvAda zrImatI elisa bonara ne prakAzita kiyA hai| usameM devAMganA-alasyA ke 16 svarUpoM kA spaSTa varNana milatA hai| kaliMga, ur3IsA Adi ke zilpoM meM devAMganAoM ko alasyA yA devakanyA kahate haiM / ve svarUpa bhuvanezvara, koNArka, purI ke maMdiroM aura una pradezoM ke prAsAdoM meM dikhAI dete haiN| "zilpa-prakAza ke prathama adhyAya meM zloka 297 se 400 taka unake nAma varNita hai| uDiyA zilpa meM bhuvanezvara, purI yA koNArka meM devAMganA-apsarA ke svarUpa kama hai magara hai| draviDa pradeza meM to bilakula nahIM hai, aisA kahane meM koI atizayokti nahIM hogii| sadbhAgya se dakSiNApatha ke dakSiNa karNATaka pradeza ke hayasAla maMdiroM meM apsarAe~ haiM, itanA hI nahIM balki ye deva yA devAMganA svarUpa gujarAta-rAjasthAna ke devasvarUpoM se bhI adhika suMdara hai; lekina ve sthUlakAya haiM aura ve bela-pattoM se AvRtta hote haiN| madhya pradeza-khajurAho ke samUha-maMdiroM meM bhI devAMganAoM ke suMdara zilpa dekhane ko milate haiN| uttara bhArata meM aise suMdara devasvarUpa haiM, lekina virmiyoM ke upadravoM ke kAraNa prAsAdoM ke ve saba zilpagraMtha naSTa ho gaye haiN| For Private And Personal Use Only

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devAMganA svarUpa 75 devAMganAoM ke kaI nAmaH bhAgavata ke chaThe skaMdha meM nara-nArAyaNa ke tapobhaMga ke liye apsarAoM ke svarUpa kA varNana hai| prAcIna saMskRta kAvyoM meM 'putralikA' ke rUpa meM inakA varNana kiyA gayA hai| vaha isa taraha hai : 1. 'harSa caritra' meM : kanaka putrikA-patnabhaMga putrikA 2. 'kAdaMbarI' meM : karpUra putrikA 3. 'tilaka maMjarI' graMtha meM : caMdana peka, prati yAtanA, yaMtraputrikA, maNiputrikA, cinaputrikA, citrapaTa putrikA, duhitakA 4. 'udaya suMdarI' kathA meM : lekhya putrikA, krIr3A putrikA 5. 'mAlatI mAdhava' meM : daMtapAMcAlikA, pAMcAlikA isa taraha saMskRta sAhitya meM devAMganA yA putaliyoM ke liye putrikA zabda rUr3ha ho gyaa| rAgarAginiyoM ke citrAtmaka rUpa bhAratIya kalAoM meM bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke lakSaNoM ke sAtha diye gaye haiN| zAlabhaMjikA : nRtyamudrA me Upara AmravRkSa ko DAlI ko sAmAnyataH zAlabhaMjikA kahA gayA hai| buddha kI mAtA mAyAdevI ke Upara pAmrazAkhA dikhAI gaI hai, use zAlabhaMjikA rUpa kahA hai| 'harSacaritra' meM miTTI meM se banAI huI strImUrti ko 'aMjalikA' kahA gayA hai| aura 'kAdaMbarI' meM miTTI ke khilaune ko mRdaMga (mRta + aMga) kahA hai| usakA artha 'mRtputrikA' diyA gayA hai| saMskRta sAhitya meM putrikA yA putalI ke nAma se jo devakanyA varNita hai, usake nAma aura lakSaNa zilpAkRtiyoM se ThIka milatejalate hai| rAjA vikrama kI lokakathAoM meM varNita 32 putaliyoM kI kahAniyoM se ye mUrtiyA~ bilakula bhinna haiN| ... ur3IsA meM 16 devAMganAoM ko 16 'alasyA' kahA hai| unake svarUpa aura lakSaNa kaliMga ke zilpagraMtha 'zilpa prakAza' meM diye gaye hai| ve isa prakAra haiM: bhAvAnusAratI nAmnA kanyAbaMdhaH sa ucyate alasA, toraNA, mugdhA, mAninI ddaalmaalikaa|| padmagaMdhA darpaNA ca vinyAsA dhyAna karSitA ketakI bharaNA divyA mAtRbhUtiH tathavaca cAmarA guMThanA mukhyA nartakI zukasArikA napurapAdikA ramyA mardalA bAtizobhanA / / etA SoDaza mukhyAsthuralasA bNdh-bhedtaa|| zilpa prakAza :prathama prakAza (1) 1. alasyA-pAlasI: lIlAvatI jaisA svruup| 2. toraNAH sugaMdhA se ulaTe hAtha dAyIM ora mukha kA maror3a, dAyAM paira sIdhA aura bAyAM prATI lagAyA hunaa| 3. mugdhA : dAyIM ora mukha karake, dAyeM hAtha se mukha ko sparza karake, bAyAM hAtha nIce mor3akara kiyA huA / 4. mAninI: vidhicitA jaisI hI darpaNayukta, phira bhI dAyAM hAtha vidhicitA se UMcA rahanA caahie| 5. jalamAlikAH dAyIM ora mukha karake, bAyAM hAtha UMcA, dAyAM hAtha skaMdha taka mor3A huaa| 6. padmagaMdhA: bAyIM ora maror3a ke, keza guMphana karate samaya, dAyA~ hAtha nIce aura bAyA~ hAtha Upara mor3akara, hAtha kamalayukta / 7. darpaNA: ___ vidhicitA jaisA hI svarUpa / lekina usake bAyeM hAtha meM darpaNa hai aura dAhinA hAtha mAthe para hai| bAyAM paira sIdhA aura dAhinA For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA khi TOHDMAR DAS HERE 1 alasyA 2 toraNA 3 mugdhA 4 mAninI More SATTA ON MOR PM PS 5 jalamAlikA 6 padmagaMdhA 7 darpaNA 8 vinyAsA For Private And Personal Use Only

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devAMganA svarUpa 77 bAyIM ora mur3A huA hotA hai / 8. vinyAsA: donoM hAthoM kI hatheliyAM aura dAhinA paira, bAyIM ora mur3A huA hotA hai| 9. ketakI bharaNA mukha bAyIM ora muDA huA, vidhicitA jaisaa| dAhinA hAtha mAthe para aura bAyAM hAtha mukha taka mur3A huaa| 10. mAtRbhUti : sArA aMga dAhinI ora jhukA huA aura do hAtha meM bAlaka lie hue| cAmarAH dAyIM ora mukha kiye, bAyeM mur3e hue hAthoM meM cAmara lI huI mUrti kA dAhinA hAtha paira taka siidhaa| 12. guMThanA: pITha dikhAtI huI, bAloM kI laMbI coTIvAlI, bAMyA para kisI dUsarI zilpAkRti para TikAye hue, aura dAhinA paira sIdhA hotA hai| bAyAM hAtha mastaka ke Upara, dAyeM skaMdha taka hotA hai| 11. LM 9 ketakI bharaNA 10 mAtRbhUti 11 cAmarA 12 guMThanA 13. nartakI: bAyIM aura mukha, do hAtha mAthe para, dAhinA paira sIdhA aura bAyAM paira kaTi se mur3A huaa| 14. zukasArikA: dAhinA hAtha skaMdha kI bhora kiye hue, usa para zuka (totA) biThAyA huaa| bAyAM paira UMcA aura dAyAM paira sthir| For Private And Personal Use Only

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78 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA 15. nUpuravAdikA: haMsAvalI jaisA svarUpa / pairoM meM ghughurU bAMdhatI, dAhinA hAtha skaMdha taka mur3A humA / 16. malA: gale meM Dholaka DAlakara bajAtI aura dAhinA hAtha gajahasta mudrA meM / (DNA 13 nartakI 14 zukasArikA 15 nUpuravAdikA 16 mardalA gujarAta ke zilpagraMthoM meM varNita na hote hue bhI, kuzala zilpiyoM dvArA bhinna-bhinna kAla meM banAyI huI devAMganAoM ke svarUpa yahAM diye gaye haiN| zilpiyoM dvArA apanI kalpanA ke anusAra banAyI gaI ye devAMganAeM, aMtima do zatAbdiyoM meM banI huI dikhAtI hai| vAstava meM ina mUrtiyoM ke pIche koI zAstrAdhAra nahIM hai| zilpIgaNa lokabhASAoM meM inheM 'putalI' kahate haiN| inake nAma aura lakSaNa prAkRta bhASA meM milate hai| ina devAMganAoM kI saMkhyA bhI 32 hai| isa taraha sArI putaliyoM ke nAma aura unake lakSaNa prAkRta meM mile haiN| usameM baNita devAMganAe~ sarva prakAra ke prAbhUSaNa dhAraNa karatI hai| usameM prAdezika bhinnatA ke kAraNa kaI jagaha mastaka para mukuTa nahIM pAye jAte hai| mastaka khule bAlabAlA hotA hai| ye sabhI devAMganAe~ do sau varSoM taka ke prAcIna maMdiroM meM, isI svarUpa meM dekhane ko milatI hai| pUrva bhArata ke kaliMga, ur3IsA Adi ke zilpoM meM aura bhuvanezvara, koNArka, jagannAthapurI Adi pradezoM ke prAcIna maMdiroM meM ve dikhAI detI hai| nauvIM sadI ke 'zilpa prakAza' nAmaka kaliMga ke zilpa graMtha meM apsarA ko alasA kahA gayA hai| usameM se solaha svarUpoM kI khoja karake zrImatI prelisa bonara ne aMgrejI meM eka mUlyavAna graMtha prakAzita kiyA hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA (uttarArdha) devasvarUpa For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 80 sarasvatI www.kobatirth.org prAraMbha vizvakarmA zrIgaNeza bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA

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kaMdAriyA kI sthApatya-kalA kA eka saMdara namanA / mahAdeva maMdira khajurAho, madhya pradeza For Private And Personal Use Only

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TOna TREND I NIREETTE rANAkapura (rAjasthAna) ke pArzvanAtha jaina maMdira kA sajjApUrNa maMDapa For Private And Personal Use Only

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AmukhaH pratIkopAsanA ke pahale loga srajana-pUjana ke dvArA bhagavadbhakti karate the| aisA veda aura brAhmaNa ke granthoM meM batAI gaI yajJIya kriyAoM meM jo ullekha milate haiM, unase mAlUma par3atA hai| isa prakAra vedakAla ke bAda, yajJarUpa meM pracalita bhaktimArga devapratIkoM kI upAsanA meM pariNata ho gyaa| vedasUktoM meM varNita devatAoM ke svarUpa ke anusAra pASANa athavA dhAtudravyoM ke dvArA devatAoM ke sAkArasvarUpa nirmita hue aura unakI pUjA pracalita huI / ___sAkAra pratimAoM kA dhyAna karate karate manuSya prabhu ke nirAkAra niraMjana svarUpa ko prApta karatA hai aura anta meM prayatna ke dvArA prAtmAnugraha kI siddhi pAtA hai, isaliye pratimA kA AvAhana pUjana Adi karanA Avazyaka hai| mUrtipUjA se pUjaka kI manaHzuddhi hotI hai, usako AtmasantoSa bhI milatA hai| ananyabhAva se prabhu kA AvAhana-pUjana karake usameM tanmaya honevAle bhakta para bhagavAna prasanna hote haiM aura ve bhaktoM kI kAmanA pUrI karate haiN| aisI mAnyatA pracalita hone se mUrtipUjA kA pracAra huaa| veda bhArata kA sabase prAcIna grantha hai| Rgveda Adi meM devatAoM ke nAmoM kA ullekha milatA hai, zukla yajurveda kI vAjasaneya saMhitA meM aura kRSNayajurveda kI taittirIya saMhitA meM yajJayAgAdi prasaMgoM para suvarNapratimA kI sthApanA ke bAre meM vidhAna milatA hai, devapratimA ke sAtha sAtha devAlaya (mandira) nirmANa kA ullekha atharvaveda meM hai| dyota aura gRhyasUtroM meM pratimAoM aura unake pUjana ke viSaya meM vizeSa carcA milatI hai| sUtrakAla meM mUrtipUjA kA vizeSa pracAra evaM prasAra huA hai| bodhAyana gRhyasUtroM meM devoM ke pUjana-arcana ke bAre meM vistArapUrvaka ciMtana kiyA gayA hai| ziva bhArata aura pUrvIya dezoM meM ziva-rudra kI upAsanA kA vizeSa mAhAtmya hai| ziva-rudra ke svarUpavarNana meM Rgveda kahatA hai ki 'unake avayava majabUta haiM, unake hoMTha sundara haiM, dhuMdhalA pIlA camakIlA rUpa hai, suvarNa ke alaMkAra ve pahanate haiM aura ratha meM savArI karate haiN'| .. dUsare vedoM meM isase bhinna-bilkula alaga varNana isa prakAra milatA haiH ziva-rudra kA peTa zyAma hai, pITha lAla hai, kaNTha nIla-harA hai, zarIra kA raMga lAla hai, ve camar3A pror3hate haiM, parvata para rahate haiM, dhanuSyabANa dhAraNa karate haiM, kabhI kabhI ve vajra bhI dhAraNa karate haiM, apane pAsa mAMsabhakSI kutte rakhate haiM / atharvaveda kI vAjasaneya saMhitA meM yaha varNana milatA hai| vedoM kI saMhitAmoM meM ziva kA tryambaka nAma milatA hai| usakA artha hai tIna aaNkhoNvaalaa| pRthvI, antarIkSa aura pAtAla ye tIna unakI A~kheM haiM / rudra ke liye agni nAma bhI milatA hai| atharvaveda meM bhava, zarva, pazupati, ugra, rudra, mahAdeva, Iza Adi ziva ke nAma milate haiM, vedoM meM ziva ke liye pazupati nAma bArabAra AtA hai| unakI prArthanA karane se roga aura bhaya se mukti milatI hai aura kalyANa hotA hai| atharvaveda meM ziva ko 'andhakaghAtaka' aura anya vedoM meM 'tripurAghAtaka' kahA hai| saMkaTakAla meM rudra kA dhyAna karane se saMkaTa se mukti ho jAtI hai| zivajI smazAna meM rahate haiM, vahA~ kI bhasma apanI deha para lagAte haiM, muNDamAlA dhAraNa karate haiM, kapAlapAtra meM bhikSA mAMgate haiM, kutte pAsa meM rakhate haiM, camar3A pahanate haiM, sA~pa kA alaMkAra dhAraNa karate haiM, isa prakAra ke ziva-rudra ke prAcAra kahe haiM, isIliye ye anAryoM ke deva haiM aisA kucha vidvAna kahate haiN| ve pIche se AryoM ke deva mAne gaye aura pahale jo rudra the ve pIche se ziva gine gye| niraMjana nirAkAra liMga svarUpa kI pUjA jagata ke pratyeka bhAga meM hotI hogii| yUropa ke evaM eziyA ke dezoM meM kaI jagaha zivajI ke yoniliMgasvarUpa ke avazeSa mile haiN| sArI sajIva sRSTi yoni aura liMga ke saMyoga se paidA hone ke kAraNa vaha svarUpa sRSTi kA AdikaraNa mAnA jAtA hai| isI bhAvanA se usakI pUjA bhI hotI hai| prajotpatti ke liye ina donoM kI ikAI jarUrI hai, jagata ke mUla meM puruSa aura prakRti For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 82 chto 1) 2) digaMbara zivanRtya nAmaka ye hI do tattva haiM, isIliye zivajI kI 'ardhanArIzvara' mUrti prakhyAta hai| zivajI ke sayoni liMga evaM mUrti ina donoM svarUpoM kI pUjA jagata meM hotI hai / cArapA~ca hajAra varSa pahale ke moheM-jo-dar3o aura harappA sthAnoM meM se isake pratIkarUpa avazeSa mile haiN| zivajI ke pratIka ke rUpa meM vA pUje jAte hai aura viSNu ke pratIka ke rUpa meM zAligrAma kI pUjA hotI hai, lekina jitanA vyApaka huA hai utanA vaha vyApaka nahIM banA hai / bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA zivaliMga ke vaise kaI prakAra haiM, unameM vyakta, avyakta aura vyaktAvyakta ye tIna mukhya prakAra haiN| svayambhU liga jo ki kudaratI rIti se bhUmi meM se nikalatA hai aura vaha patthara kA hotA hai| jo karane ke ghaNTe ke AkAra ke hote haiM aura ve zAstrIya pavitra nadiyoM meM se prApta hote haiM, ye bhI kudaratI hote haiN| ( ye donoM prakAra ke liMga avyakta mAne jAte haiN| ) 3) rAjaliMga - ghaTitaliMga - mAnuSaliMga - yaha liMga amuka prakAra se gar3hakara taiyAra kiyA jAtA hai, caur3AI se lagabhaga tigunI usakI U~cAI hotI hai, nIce ke caturastra bhAga ko brahmabhAga aura bIca ke aSTAstra bhAga ko viSNubhAga kahate hai, Upara kA liMga bhAga hai, ' jisakI pUjA hotI hai / yaha bhI zravyakta liMga kA hI eka prakAra mAnA jAtA hai / 4) uparyukta ghaTita hue rAjasiMga ke mukhaliMga, ekamukha, trimukha, caturmukha evaM paMcamukha nAmaka pA~ca prakAra haiM, jinheM kama se (1) tatpuruSa (2) ra (3) sadyojAta (4) vAmadeva aura (5) IzAna kahate haiN| ise vyaktAvyakta na kahate hai| 5) paTita likhAle tIsare prakAra meM aSTottarazata (108) evaM sahasraliMga (1000) bhI hote haiN| siMga meM cAroM ora khar3I paMktiyA~ banAkara unameM aneka liMga ke AkAra banAye jAte haiM, use dhArAliMga athavA nalikA liMga bhI kahate haiM / usameM khar3e gola kaTAba ( dAMte ) hote haiN| ise avyakta liMga kahate hai / mukhaliMga meM kahIM kahIM cAroM ora AbhUSaNa tathA AyudhoM ke sAtha brahmA, viSNu, maheza aura sUrya ke svarUpa hote haiM, khirastAbda ke pUrvakAla ke aise prAcIna liMga milate haiM / For Private And Personal Use Only pUrva meM bAlIdvIpa meM kamala para banA huA zraSTamukhaliMga kA svarUpa bhI milA hai| mauva AcAryoM meM pAzupata, lakulIza, kApAlika, kAlamukha aura vIrazaiva Adi AcArya prasiddha haiN| unake paMtha bhI bane haiM / unameM se kucha to tattvajJAnI aura granthakAra hue haiN| lakulIza to ziva ke 28 veM avatAra mAne jAte haiN| unhoMne Agama bhI likhe haiM / khristAbda ke prArambha kI kucha zivamUrtiyA~ lakulIza ke sAtha gar3hI milatI haiN| aisI mUrtiyoM meM pIche ke bhAga meM liMga aura Age ke bhAga meM Asana para baiThI huI

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ittrt Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir prAmukha lakuleza kI mUrti hotI hai, usa mUrti ke sira para cAroM ora phailI huI astavyasta jaTA, eka hAtha meM mAtulikA (phala) dUsare hAtha meM daNDa aura goda meM UrdhvaliMga batAyA gayA hai| ye sAre prakAra vyaktAvyakta liMga ke haiN| ziva ke aura jo bAraha svarUpa haiM aura anya bhI kucha svarUpa milate haiM, ve ziva, viSNu aura brahmA ke saMyukta svarUpa haiM / 83 ziva tAMDava vyakta prakAroM meM uttara bhArata meM ziva rudra kI mUrtiyoM ke bAraha svarUpa milate haiM / jaba ki dravir3a meM ziva rudra ke aThAraha svarUpa dikhAI dete haiM / liMgodbhava, bhikSATana, naTarAja, ardhanArIzvara Adi jo svarUpa haiM ve kathAnaka ke prAsaMgika svarUpa kahe haiN| ziva, viSNu, brahmA, sUrya maura candra ke saMyukta milejule karIba dasa svarUpa haiN| umAmaheza, zizupAla ke sAtha, tripurAntaka, aghorezvara, tripurAdAhaziva, paMcavaktra ziva, dakSiNAmUrti, lalATatilaka Adi bhavya mUrtiyA~ bhI milatI haiN| bhairava aura kSetrapAla ke svarUpa bhI ziva ke svarUpoM meM samAviSTa ho jAte haiM / For Private And Personal Use Only brahmA vaidika sAhitya meM brahmA ko STinirmANa ke kartA ke rUpa meM batAyA hai, vizvakarmA ko sRSTikartA mAnA hai| vizvakarmA sUryadeva kA hI svarUpavizeSa hai / vizvakarmA hI sRSTi ke utpAdaka haiN| veda meM eka sUkta ke maMtra meM prajApati zabda hai| yaha sUkta sRSTi kI utpatti ke viSaya meM likhA gayA hai| usameM prajApati ne sArI sRSTi kA sarjana kiyA hai aisA vidhAna hai| Rgveda ke sUkta meM ekabAra IzvaravAcaka hiraNyagarbha zabda AyA hai| atharvaveda aura brAhmaNagranthoM meM bArabAra isa zabda kA prayoga milatA haiM, taittirIya saMhitA meM hiraNyagarbha aura prajApati eka hI batAyA gayA hai, vedoM ke pichale vAGamaya meM hiraNyagarbha zabda brahmA kA paryAyavAcakahI hai|

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84 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA purANoM meM brahmA ne sArI sRSTi kA nirmANa kiyA hai, aisA kahA hai, unhoMne pahale prajApati kA sarjana kiyA aura unhoMne apane mAnasaputroM ko prajA kA nirmANa karane kI AjJA dI, isaliye ve prajApati khlaaye| brahmA aura prajApati ke kathAnakoM meM sAmya hone ke kAraNa uparyukta vaidika devatA prajApati aura paurANika brahmA ye donoM eka hI devatA ke svarUpa haiM, isameM koI zaka nhiiN| viSNu brAhmI saMskRti ke svarUpa meM sAta devoM kA bahuta mahattva hai| brahmA, viSNu, rudra, sUrya, varuNa, indra paura agni ye ve sAta deva haiN| ziva ke sivAya anya devoM kA itanA mahattva nahIM hai| veda meM unakA varNana anya artha ke anusandhAna meM hai| atharvaveda meM eka jagaha yajJa ko garmI aura prakAza dene ke liye viSNu kI prArthanA kI thI aisA likhA hai| Rgveda meM viSNu ke svarUpa kA varNana nahIM hai, sUrya ko hI viSNu kA mUla svarUpa mAnA gayA hai, sUrya ke bAraha nAmoM meM eka viSNu kA bhI nAma hai| asuroM ke nAza ke liye indra ke sAtha viSNu kI mitratA huI thI, aisA veda meM likhA hai, viSNu kI yajJAvatArakathA meM likhA hai ki avinI-kumAroM ne yajJa ko ghor3e kA mastaka baiThA diyA, isase hayagrIva avatAra huA, ve madhu kaiTabha ko mArakara veda vApasa le Aye, athavA yoM kahiye ki unake zvAsocchavAsa se veda bAhara Aye / vaidika vAGamaya meM indra aura varuNa ke Age viSNu kA sthAna gauNa hai| paurANika kAla meM ziva aura viSNu kA mahattva bar3ha gayA aura indra evaM varuNa kA sthAna gauNa ho gyaa| viSNu ke prAsaMgika dasa avatAra hue the, purANoM meM taduparAMta dUsare bIsa avatAroM kI kathAe~ haiM, RSabhadeva, kapila, dattAtraya, pRtha, hayagrIva, naranArAyaNa, dhanvantari aura mohinI (strI rUpa) aadi| zeSazAyI lakSmInArAyaNa caturmukha viSNu ke svarUpa haiN| anantaviSNu, vyailokyamohana, vizvarUpa aura vaikuNTha ye viSNu ke mahAsvarUpa haiN| purANoM meM gajendramokSa kI kathA AtI hai, usameM yaha AtA hai ki (jala meM se) magara ke mu~ha meM phaMse gajendra ko viSNu ne mukta kiyaachudd'aayaa| isake bAda gajendra ne viSNu ko varadarAja nAma diyaa| puMDarIka kI bhakti ke kAraNa viSNu kA avatAra huA, jo viThobA ke nAma se prasiddha hue / paMDharapura meM viThobA-rukmiNI ke nAma se ve Aja bhI pUje jAte haiN| khar3I mUrti hai, donoM hAtha kamara para haiM aura hAthoM meM zaMkha aura cakra haiN| mastaka para lambA khar3A makuTa haiN| tirupati ke bAlAjI-vyaMkaTeza prasiddha hai| vaha ziva aura viSNu kA saMyukta svarUpa hai, vaha harihara kI mUrti hai, unake dAyeM hAtha ke Upara sA~pa hai, Upara ke do hAthoM meM zaMkha aura cakra haiM, nIce ke do hAtho meM eka hAtha kamara para hai aura eka hAtha varada-abhayadAtA hai, nIce kI ora mAruti aura garuDa vAhana haiN| bAlakRSNa, govardhanadhArI, kAliyAmardana, veNugopAla Adi viSNu ke bAlasvarUpa haiN| dharma-brahmA ne sRSTi utpanna kI aura usakI rakSA ke liye apane zarIra meM se vRSabha-kalyANa puruSa paidA kiyaa| use dharma kahate haiN| satyayuga Adi cAra yugoM meM kAlakrama ke anusAra 4, 3, 2, 1 usake paira the, kaliyuga meM dharma kA eka hI paira rahA haiN| yAnaka, sthApana, prAsana, zayana ye mUrtiyoM ke cAra prakAra haiM, vAhana para baiThI huI mUrti ko yAnaka, khar3I mUrti ko sthAnaka, baiThI huI mUrti ko Asana aura soyI huI mUrti-zeSazAyI aura nirvANa avasthA-ko zayana kahate haiN| jisa hetu se mUrti kI pUjA kI jAtI hai, usa parase yoga, bhoga, vIra aura abhicAraka aise cAra prakAra bhI hote haiN| mUrti ke sAtha parikara-parivAra kinnara, vidyAdharayugala, kamala aura kalaza se mUrti para jala kA abhizeSa karate hue hAthI, chatra, zaMkha athavA devadundubhi bajAte hue gAndharva bhI hote haiN| nIce ke sihAsana meM siMha athavA hAthI hotA hai / bauddha aura jainoM meM mRgayugma athavA dharmacakra dikhAI detA hai| daivI zakti zakti sampradAya meM durgA ko pradhAnatA rahatI hai| navadurgAe~, saptamAtRkAe~, dvAdaza gaurIsvarUpa, daza mahAvidyAe~, SoDaza mAtRkAeM, ANimAdI siddhiyA~, causaTha yoginiyA~, mahAkAlI, mahAlakSmI, mahAsarasvatI, lakSmI, bhUdevI, zrI devI, ambA, bhuvanezvarI, annapUrNA, gAyatrI, gaMgA, yamunA, zItalA, tulasI prAdi deviyoM ke svarUpa hote haiN| unameM cAmuNDA, caNDI, raktacAmuNDA Adi devI ke ugra svarUpa bhI batAye gaye haiN| devoM aura dAnavoM ke bIca mahAyuddha hote the, bhole zambhu ke AzIrvacana se ve (dAnava) svaravihArI hokara trAsa phailAte tha, devoM ko bhI satAne lagate the, aisI sthiti meM ziva ke parama teja meM se kisI viziSTa zakti kA prAdurbhAva hotA thA, usa mahAzakti ke dvArA dAnavoM kA saMhAra hotA thA, aisI mahiSAsuramardinI Adi ugra deviyA~ zambha, nizumbha Adi daityoM kA vinAza karatI thii| prakorgaka devoM meM sUrya ke bAraha svarUpa, gaNapati ke svarUpa, kArtikeya (skanda) vizvakarmA, RSimUrtiyA~, buddhajinapratimAeM ye sAre mUrti ke sAmAnya svarUpa haiN| yajJamUrti, vRSabha, hanumAna ke svarUpa, dharma mUrti Adi svarUpa bhI kahe gaye haiN| prAcIna kAla meM vedoM meM indra, varuNa, agni aura sUrya ina devoM ko sarvocca sthAna milA hai, purANakAla meM pIche se kathAoM ke anusandhAna meM For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAmukha devoM kI saMkhyA bddh'ii| pahale jaisA kahA gayA hai tadanusAra vedoM meM brahma kA ullekha nahIM haiM, unameM rudra-ziva, prajApati aura hiraNyagarbha kA ullekha milatA hai| vedoM meM ATha digpAloM kA bhI spaSTa ullekha nahIM miltaa| unameM kevala indra, varuNa, agni aura sUrya jaise pratyakSa devoM kI stuti milatI hai| varSA ke deva ke rUpa meM varuNa ko na mAnakara indra ko mAnA hai| dakSiNa dizA ke svAmI yama ko mRtyu ke deva aura uttaradizA ke svAmI dhanadakubera ko krama se dakSiNa aura uttara dizA ke digpatiyoM kA sthAna milA hai| kSetrapAla, rAkSasa, bhairava aura zivasahacaroM ko naiRtya meM sthAna milA hai| pavana-vAyu jaise pratyakSa deva ko vAyavyakoNa meM aura zivasvarUpa IzAna ko IzAnakoNa meM sthAna milA hai| isa prakAra ATha dizAtroM ke adhipatiyoM ko digpAloM ke rUpa meM purANoM meM sthAna milA hai| AkAza aura pAtAla ke adhipati ke rUpa meM krama se brahmA aura ananta (nAga) ko digpati mAnakara purANoM ne dasa digpAloM kI ginatI kI hai| Rgveda meM indra kI stuti haiM, indra vaidika yuga ke pradhAna devatA haiN| Rgveda ke cauthe bhAga meM indra-sambandhI sUkta haiM, indra megha kI garjanA karatA haiM, vedoM meM indra ko devatAoM kA svAmI-paramezvara batAyA gayA hai| " RgvedakAlIna 'trimUrti' meM indra hai, lekina purANakAla meM brahmA, viSNu aura rudra kI mahattA bar3hane para Upara batAye trideva kI mahattA kSINa hotI gaI, phira bhI svarga ke adhipati ke rUpa meM indra kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna surakSita rahA, svarga ke adhipati ke rUpa meM indra ke asuroM aura dAnavoM ke sAtha kaI yuddha hue haiN| zatapatha-brAhmaNa aura taittirIya saMhitA meM indra, agni aura sUrya ko tIna devoM meM sarvottama sthAna milA hai| digpAla agnivedoM meM indra ke bAda agni ko dUsarA sthAna milA hai| unakI strI svAhA hai, jisako sAta jivhAe~ haiN| suprabhedAgama meM usakA raktavarNa kahA hai| varada, abhaya, zakti aura struka ye cAra Ayudha usake cAra hAthoM meM haiN| eka mukha, tIna netra, bakarA athavA bher3akA vAhana batAyA hai| zilpazAstra meM usakA suvarNavarNa, lambI dAr3hI, yajJopavIta aura donoM hAthoM meM mAlA aura kamaNDalu, aisA varNana milatA hai| vaidika granthoM meM agni ke varNana meM usake do sira, cAra sIMga, tIna paira aura sAta hAtha batAye haiN| yama-dakSiNa dizA kA adhipati hai, use pitarAja bhI kahate haiN| dharmarAja bhI unakA nAma hai, bhaiMse kA usakA vAhana hai, usakI strI kA nAma dhUmorNA hai| viSNudharmottara meM likhA hai ki usake cAra hAtha haiM, pratyeka hAtha meM kramazaH daNDa, khaDga, trizUla aura mAlA hai| unake eka tarapha citragupta kAgaja aura lekhino ke sAtha khaDA hai, bAyIM ora bhayaMkara 'kAla' hAtha meM pAza (phA~sA) lekara sthita hai| rUpamaNDanagrantha meM likhA hai ki usakA zyAmavarNa hai, cAra hAthoM meM lekhinI, pustaka, murgA aura daNDa dhAraNa kiyA hai aura bhaise ke vAhana para yamasvarUpa sthita hai| ___ nirRti-vaidika deva niRti kA vizeSa ullekha nahIM miltaa| vaha bhUtapreta Adi kA adhipati hai| purANoM meM gyAraha rudroM meM vaha ginA gayA hai| usase kahIM rAkSasa bhI kahA hai| aMzubhedAgama meM usake bAre meM likhA hai ki vaha mahAkAya hai, usakA nIlavarNa hai, dADhIvAlA vikarAla usakA mukha haiM, hAthoM meM khaDga aura DhAla hai, aura cAroM ora sAta apsarAe~ haiN| suprabhedAgama meM zyAmavarNI niti kA nara vAhana batAyA hai| naiRtyakoNa ke svAmI niRti ke varNana meM rUpamaNDanakAra likhate haiM ki usake cAra hAthoM meM khaDga, DhAla, pArA aura zatru kA mastaka hai, lambI dAr3hI aura bhayaMkara ceharA hai aura kutte kA usakA vAhana hai| varuNa-pazcima dizA ke svAmI aura varSA ke devatA haiM, unake cAra hAthoM meM pAza, mAlA aura kamaNDalu haiN| magara kA vAhana hai| indra, agni aura sUrya ke sAtha unakA sthAna hai| vAyudeva-vAyavyadizA ke svAmI haiM, hariNa unakA vAhana hai aura do hAthoM meM dhvajA, kamaNDalu aura mAlA haiN| kubera-dhanada-soma uttara dizA ke svAmI haiM, ve yakSoM ke rAjA haiN| silona meM vaizravaNa aura baudhda meM jaMbhala nAma se unakI pUjA hotI hai| aMzubhedAgama meM unakA varNana milatA hai-zyAmavarNa mUrti, cAra hAthoM meM varada, abhaya, gadA aura aMkuza ye cAra prAyudha haiM, bagala meM zaMkhanidhi aura padmanidhi kI mUrtiyA~ hotI haiN| zilparatna meM varNana milatA hai ki ve manuSyoM dvArA khIMce jAnevAle ratha para baiThe haiM, mu~ha meM se dA~ta dikhAI dete ho aisI strI, vibhava, vRddhi aura ratnapAtra dhAraNa kiye haiM, gaura varNa hai, varada, gadA, padma aura. . . dhAraNa kiye haiM, viSNudharmottara meM dAr3hImUMchavAle, pIlI A~khoMvAle, gadA aura zakti dhAraNa kiye hue naravAhana kubera batAyA hai| IzAna-Iza ziva kA svarUpa vizeSa hai, vaha jaTAmukuTadhArI hai, trizUla aura kapAla hAtha meM haiM, kamala kA Asana hai| aisA varNana aMzubhedAgama meM milatA hai| zilparatna meM batAyA hai ki unakA vRSabha-bala kA vAhana hai, jaTAmukuTa meM candra hai, tIna netra haiM, sarpa kA AbhUSaNa hai, do hAthoM meM trizUla aura varada haiN| rUpamaNDana meM varada, trizUla, sarpa aura bIjoru (phala) hai, aura nandI-baila kA vAhana hai| pAtAla ke digpAla-ananta (nAgadeva) kAle varNa ke haiM, kamala unakA Asana hai, hAtha meM sarpa hai| anya mata meM ananta-nAga nabhi ke nIce sakRiti aura Upara manuSyAkRti hai, viSNu ke Ayudha unake Ayudha haiM, Urdhvaloka-AkAza ke svAmI brahmA kA haMsa kA vAhana hai, unakA sunahalA varNa hai, unake cAra mukha haiM, pustaka aura kamala dhAraNa kiyA hai| graha-sUrya ke svarUpa kA pahale varNana ho cukA hai, candra kSIroda samudra se nikale haiM aura ve ziva ke mukuTabhUSaNa haiN| maMgala, pRthvI ke putra haiM, For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA zakti kA unakA prAyudha hai / budha candramA ke putra haiN| guru, devatAoM aura RSiyoMke guru bRhaspati haiM, ve buddhi ke svAmI haiN| zukra daityoM ke gurudeva haiM aura sarva zAstroM ke jJAtA evaM pravaktA haiN| zani, sUrya ke putra haiM, yamarAja ke bar3e bhAI haiN| rAhu, siMhikA ke putra haiM, rAhu, binA sirakA zarIra-dhar3a mAtra hai, candra-sUrya kA ve grahaNa karate haiM, bahuta parAkramI haiN| ketu-kevala sira mAtra haiM, bahuta bhayaMkara haiN| bhole ziva dAnavoM ke ugra tapase prasanna hokara ayogya vyaktiyoM ko bhI vara de dete the, phalasvarUpa devoM aura dAnavoM ke bIca jaba yuddha chir3a jAtA to ve devoM ko khUba satAte the, aise avasara para apane zarIra meM se paramatejarUpI zakti paidA karate the, vaha devI ke rUpa meM prakaTa hokara dAnavoM ke saMhAra kA kAma karatI thii| kabhI kabhI to viSNu dUsarA svarUpa lekara dAnavoM ko mauta ke ghATa utAra dete the| __ jaina tIrthakara aura unake yakSa-yakSiNI prAdi caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM ke varNa, lAMchana, pratIka Adi alaga alaga hone ke kAraNa pratyeka kI alaga pratimA AsAnI sepahacAnI jA sakatI hai| jaina devoM kI baiThI aura khar3I kAryotsarga pratimAeM banatI haiM, una mUrtiyoM ke cAroM aura alaMkRta parikara hotA hai| pratyeka jainatIrthaMkara ko eka yakSa aura eka yakSiNI hotI hai, unake svarUpa alaga alaga batAye haiN| vaise hI SoDaza vidyAdeviyoM kA svarUpavarNana bhI milatA hai| tIrthakara vItarAga batAye gaye haiM, ve bhakta ko kisI prakAra kA phala nahIM dete, unakI bhakti se yakSayakSiNI prasanna hote haiN| jainI mANibhadrayakSa aura ghaNTAkarNa yakSa ko phaladAtA mAnakara unakA vizeSa Adara karate haiN| ve kSetrapAla aura padmAvatI mAtA ko bhI mAnate haiN| jainaprAsAda ke cAroM ora pATha pratihAroM ke svarUpa banAne kA vidhAna hai| usameM aSTa maMgala aura tIrthaMkaroM kI mAtAmoM ko unake janma ke pahale jo svapna pAye the, unake pratIka mAne jAte haiM, jainoM ke zAzvata tIrtha-merugiri, aSTApada, nandIzvaradvIpa aura samavasaraNa ke svarUpa batAye haiM, jahA~para tIrthakara bhagavAna birAjate haiN| vaidika sampradAya meM tripuruSa-brahmA, viSNu aura ziva-meM brahmA kI mUrti kA pUjana zAyada hI kahIM hotA hai| ziva ke avyakta svarUpaliMga kI pUjA, zaharoM aura dehAtoM meM, jaMgaloM meM bhI unake mandira banavAkara hotI hai| unake vyaktAvyakta svarUpa-mukhaliMga kA pUjana bahuta kama mAtrA meM hotA hai, avyakta svarUpa-zivamUrtipratimA kA pUjana prAyaH dakSiNa meM dikhAI detA hai| viSNu ke svarUpoM kA pUjana sabhI pradezoM meM hotA hai| ____ kucha devoM ke pramuka svarUpoM kI pradhAnatA amuka pradezoM meM pAI jAtI hai| alaga alaga rUpa pracalita ho gaye haiM aura vahAM unhIM svarUpoM kI pUjA hotI hai| udAharaNa ke rUpa meM dravir3a pradezoM meM (tirupati) vyaMkaTeza bAlAjI, varadarAja, raMganAtha prAdi viSNu ke svarUpoM kI hI pUjA hotI hai| mahArASTra meM viThobA, tripuruSamUrtidattAtraya Adi viSNusvarUpa hI pUje jAte haiN| pUrva meM-uDIsA meM zrIkRSNasvarUpa kI pradhAnatA hai, zrIkRSNa, balarAma (bandhu yugala) aura bahana subhadrA kI mUrtiyoM kI sthApanA hotI hai, unakA ekasAtha pUjana hotA hai| jagannAthajI ke mandira meM aisA hI hai| rAdhA aura kRSNa kI mUrtiyoM kA pUjana jyAdAtara uttara bhArata meM dikhAI detA hai| isa prathA kA janmasthAna mathurA hai| kArtikasvAmIskanda SaNmukha kI mUrtiyoM kI sthApanA-pUjA dravir3a meM hotI hai, uttarabhArata meM isakA nAmonizAM nahIM hai| baMgAla, AsAma meM vizeSarUpa se durgA-devI kA arcana-pUjana hotA hai, himAlaya pradeza meM prAyaH zivaliMga kI pUjA hotI hai| uparyukta bhinna bhinna pradezoM meM Upara batAye hue devadeviyoM ke viziSTa svarUpoM kA prAdhAnyataH pUjana hotA hai, phira bhI vahA~ anya devadeviyoM ke mandira haiM aura unakI bhI pUjA-arcA hotI hai|| kerAlA-malabAra meM zivajI ke tIsare puna 'ayyappA' kI mUrti kI pUjA hotI hai, vahA~ke strIpuruSa unake vrataniyamoM kA pAlana karate haiN| ayyappA kI mUrti kA svarUpa isa prakAra hai ... khar3e pairavAlI, ghuTanoM se muDI huI baiThI mUrti, jisake ghuTane kapar3e se baMdhe hai, do hAtha haiM, jinameM se eka dAyeM hAtha se abhayamudrA kI hai, dUsarA bAyA~ hAtha hAthI kI tUMDha kI taraha phailA huA hai| isa ayyappA deva kI utpattikathA se hI nahIM nAma se bhI sArA uttarabhArata pUrA aparicita hai| ye zivajI ke tIsare putra kerAlA-malabAra meM Adara ke sAtha pUje jAte haiN| zivajI aura viSNu ke mohinIrUpa ke saMyoga se unakA janma huA hai aisI kathA vahA~ pracalita hai| Ajase karIba 30 varSa pahale pratimA-vidhAna-viSayaka bhinna bhinna granthoM meM se pAThAntara aura matamatAMtara ke 3000 zloka ikaTThA kiye the, itane zlokoM kA eka bar3A grantha prakAzita karane kA kArya bahuta kaThina hai, aisA samajhakara yahA~ kevala usakA Avazyaka hissA kucha anivArya mUla zlokoM ke sAtha diyA gayA hai / saM. 2030 kArtika zuddha tA. 29-10-73 sthapati padmazrI prabhAzaMkara proghar3abhAI somapurA zilpavizArada For Private And Personal Use Only

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aGgaH SoDazam brahmA vaidika saMpradAya meM rajasa, satva aura tamasa guNa prakRti vAle mukhya tIna deva mAne gaye hai| sRSTi ke kartA bahmA satva prakRti ke mAne gaye hai| vizva ke pAlaka viSNU rajasa prakRti ke mAne gaye hai aura sRSTi ke pApakarma kA saMhAra karane vAle ziva tamasa prakRti ke mAne jAte hai| __brahmA ke aura bhI kaI nAma hai| prAtmam-svayam, dhAtA-vidhAtA, vizvazruka, pitAmaha, sRSTA, kamalAsana, hiraNyagarbha, viraMci, caturAnana aadi| svayaMbhU-svayam nAma se patA calatA hai ki ve kisIse utpanna nahIM hue hai / balkI unhoMne svayam hI sRSTi utpanna kI hai| paurANika kathA ke anusAra ve hiraNa ke rUpa meM the isaliye ye hiraNyagarbha mAne gaye hai| ___ jyoti, kamalAsana, caturAnana, svayaM prakAzita kamala para baiThe hue, cAra mukhabAle brahmA viSNu ke nAbhi-kamala meM se utpanna hokara, vahIM birAjamAna haiN| yahAM ve mahattva kI dRSTi se gauNa ho jAte haiN| brAhmaNa graMthoM meM vizvakarmana aura prajApati donoM eka hI rUpa hai / vizvakarmana sUrya devatA kA vizeSaNa hai| ve sRSTi ke utpAdaka hai| maitrAvalI saMhitA meM prajApati kI kathA isa prakAra hai: ekabAra prajApati ke mana meM kanyA kI abhilASA huii| tadnusAra unheM kanyA prApta huI aura usane hiranI kA rUpa liyaa| aura prajApati ne hirana kA rUpa liyaa| isase krodhita hokara rudra ne bANa kA nizAnA sAdha liyaa| usa samaya prajApati ne unako vacana diyA ki yadi Apa mujhe abhayadAna deMge to maiM Apako pazuoM ke svAmitva kA pada duuNgaa| isaliye rudra pazupati mAne gye| yahI kathA brAhmaNa graMthoM meM thor3e-bahuta parivartana ke sAtha dI gaI hai| sRSTi ke kartA hone ke nAte brahmA ko pitAmaha kahe jAte hai| unhoMne zatarUpA, sAvitrI, brahmANI aura sarasvatI nAmaka kanyAmoM ke rUpadarzana ke liye cAroM dizAoM meM cAra aura Upara pAMcavAM mukha dhAraNa kiyA thaa| kisI kAraNa se zaMkara ne unake pAMcaveM mukha kA ziracchedana kara diyA thA / aisI paurANika kathA hai| brahmA apUja kyoM rahe, usake liye bhI eka adbhuta kathA hai / jaba unhoMne kahA ki liMga ke Adi aura aMta kA rahasya pAne kA ve prayatna karate the, to usase sAvitrI lajjita huI aura yajJadIkSA ke samaya vaha vahA~ samaya para na pA skii| brahmA ne gAyatrI nAmaka eka dUsarI patnI utpanna kii| isase krodhita hokara sAvitrI ne brahmA ko zrApa diyaa| tabase brahmA kA pUjana nahIM hotA hai| hamAre yahAM brahmA ke bahuta hI thoDe maMdira aura mUrtiyAM milatI hai, zAyada isakA yahI kAraNa rahA ho| phira bhI karmakANDa Adi vidhiyoM meM brahmA kA pUjana hotA hI hai| bahuta kama jagaha para unake maMdira milate haiM aura bahuta hI kama mAtrA meM unakI mUrtiyAM pUjI jAtI hai, kher3abrahmA ( IDara ) khaMbhAta ke pAsa nagarA, dudArI, vasaMtagar3ha, mahAbalIpuram prAdi sthAnoM para prAcIna maMdira aura mUrtiyA~ pAyI jAtI hai| phira bhI anya deva-devI kI apekSA brahmA kA pUjana, arcana vidhi-vidhAna ke atirikta svataMtra rUpa se bahuta kama hotA hai| brahmA kI akelI mUrti ke alAvA saMyukta mUrtiyAM bhI milatI hai| ziva-pArvatI ke vivAha meM unhoMne purohita kA kArya kiyA thaa| unakI trimUrti meM saMyukta mUrti bar3I prasiddha hai| vividha graMthoM meM brahmA ke svarUpa-varNana isa taraha diye gaye hai : For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA graMtha dAyeM bAyeM vAhana hAthoM ke prAyudha 1. matsyapurANa cAra sarasvatI sAvitrI haMsa kamaMDala va struva daMDa (cha: hAtha) dhRtapAna, cAraveda 2. agnipurANa sAvitrI sarasvatI haMsa akSamAlA, struva, ghRtapAna, kamaMDala (DAr3hI) 3. viSNudharmottara cAra (sAvitrI ke sAtha padmAsana meM baiThe hue prajApati) " dUsarA mataH (baddha padmA sAta haMsa kA akSamAlA, struva, kamaMDala sana meM dhyA ratha, yogamudrA nastha brahmA) , tIsarA mataH (lokapAla mAlA, pustaka, kamaMDala, kamala brahmA) 4. brahad saMhitA kamaMDala aura struva 5. mAnasAra (cha: hAthayukta) kamaMDala, varada, struva, abhaya mAlA 6. zAradAtilaka kamala, mAlA, varada, abhaya 7. abhilASitArtha / cintAmaNi aura , cAramukha sarasvatI cAra veda aura ghI kA pAtra, 8. zilparatnam / chaHhAta sAvitrI varada, struva, kamaMDala 9. samarAMgaNa sUtradhAra cAramukha akSamAlA, varada, daMDa, kamala 10. devatAmUrti prakaraNa / cAro dizAoM kI aura mukha, tIna-tIna prAMkha aura 11. aura rUpamaMDana unake jaTAmukuTa meM ardhacaMdra. prAyudha vizva brahmA ke cAra svarUpa isa prakAra bhI hai : 1. vizvakarmA (viraMci) dvApara meM mAlA, pustaka, kamaMDala aura struva 2. kamalAsana kaliyuga meM mAlA, struva, pustaka aura kamaMDala 3. pitAmaha vetAyuga meM mAlA, pustaka, struva, aura kamaMDala 4. brahmA " kRtayuga meM pustaka, mAlA, struva aura kamaMDala sabhI graMthoM meM bhinnatA hai, phira bhI thoDA-sA sAmya bhI kahIM kahIM pAyA jAtA hai| brahmA kI mUrti meM prAdezika bhinnatA bhI pAyI jAtI hai| dakSiNa meM brahmA kI mUrti lalitAsana meM binA DAr3hI kI aura DAr3hIyukta bhI milatI hai| kaI jagaha brahmA kA vicitra svarUpa bhI pAyA jAtA hai| eka hAtha meM pAza aura eka hAtha kamara para bhI hotA hai| kher3a brahmA meM lAyI gayI brahmA kI mUrti kA vAhana naMdI aura azva hai| gujarAta meM brahmA kI aneka mUrtiyAM khar3I aura baiThI huI bhI pAyI gayI hai| eka hI mukha ke brahmA aura kamala para baiThe hue brahmA bhI pAye gaye haiN| dravir3a kaMbala doDubasAyA meM brahmA kI pA~camukha aura cAra hAtha vAlI eka vilakSaNa mUrti pAyI gaI hai| pUrva meM musIzupe (mosepoTAmiyA? ) meM brahmA lalitAsanayukta, dAr3hI, pA~ca mukha aura dasa hAthavAle haiN| usameM trizUla aura nAga bhI hai| dakSiNa meM eka hI paMkti meM banAye gaye cAroM mukhavAlI brahmA kI mUrtiyAM pAyI jAtI hai| bauddha dharma meM hindu deva-mUrtiyoM kA tiraskAra pAyA jAtA hai| bauddhoM kI prasanna tArAdevI apane hAtha meM brahmA kA mastaka liye aura pairoM ke nIce indra, viSNu aura rudra ko kucalatI huI varNita hai| bauddhoM kI vidyuta-jvAlA karAlIdevI bhI eka hAtha meM brahmA kA mastaka liye,pairoM nIce viSNu, rudra ko kucalatI huI varNita hai / tAMtrika graMthoM meM (mAlA meM) aisI bhraSTa mUrti kA varNana hai| bauddha saMpradAya meM jabase tAMtrikatA pAyI, tabase aisI aneka mUrtiyA~ banane lagI thii| hiMdu dharma ke devatAoM kA itanA tiraskAra karane se hI zAyada bauddha dharma bhArata meM adhika pracalita na ho sakA aura use bhArata ke bAhara cale jAnA pdd'aa| jaina saMpradAya meM anya dharmoM ke devoM ke prati itanA tiraskAra pAyA nahIM jaataa| zAyada isIliye unakA dharma bhArata ke sabhI prAntoM meM Aja bhI vidyamAna hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra brahmA www.kobatirth.org sAvitrI brahmA kI kaI yugma mUrtiyAM bhI pAyI gayI haiN| yugala Asanastha baiThI huI brahmA kI mUrti kI goda meM sAvitnI utkIrNa milatI hai / aura brahmA kI khar3I mUrti ke pairoM ke pAsa sAvitrI aura sarasvatI donoM zilpita kI jAtI haiN| usake hAthoM meM kamala aura kamaMDala diye jAte haiN| zivaprasAda kI pradakSiNA ke tInoM ora ke bhadra ke gavAkSa meM brahmA sAvitrI aura dUsare do gavAkSoM meM viSNu-lakSmI aura umAmahezvara kI aliMganayukta mUrtiyAM khar3I hotI haiN| prAcIna kAla meM brahmA ke maMdiroM kA bhI nirmANa hotA thaa| isaliye cAra dizA ke ATha pratihAroM ke svarUpa aura brahmA ke ATha devAyatana kA varNana milatA hai| ATha pratihAroM ke nAma isa prakAra hai: pUrva meM satya dharma, pazcima meM vijaya-yajJabhadraka, uttara meM bhava- vibhava aura dakSiNa meM puruSakAra hote haiN| brahmApatana meM madhya meM brahmA, pUrva meM dharaNIdhAra, agnikoNa meM gaNeza, dakSiNa meM mAtRkA, naiRtya meM sahasrAkSa, pazcima meM jalazAyI, vAyavya meM pArvatI rudra, uttara meM graha, IsAna meM kamalA / brahmA sAvitrI 89 brahmA sarasvatI

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aGga: saptadazam viSNu prakAzarUpa viSNu jagata ko saMkaTamukta karate haiM, isaliye ve sRSTi ke pAlanakartA deva mAne gaye haiM / isIlie unhoMne matsya, kUrma, brahmA viSNu maheza For Private And Personal Use Only

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viSNu varAha, vAmana, trivikrama, yajJa aura hayagrIva jaise avatAra dhAraNa kiye / vaidika vAGamaya meM yaha saba milatA hai| porANika kathAoM meM thor3I bahuta kathA kSepaka ke rUpa meM AyI hai, usase sabhI naye avatAroM kA svAmitva bhI viSNu ko prApta hotA hai| bauddha aura kalkI isa meM ekadama naye avatAra haiM / parazurAma, kRSNa Adi bahuta pahale ke avatAra haiN| dvAdazAditya meM viSNu kA eka nAma Aditya me diyA gayA hai| sUrya bhI viSNu ke hI aMza haiN| isa pRthvI ke uddhAraka varAha, prajApati kA hI eka rUpa haiM, aisA taitiriya saMhitA meM kahA gayA hai| samudra meM se pRthvI ko bAhara nikalane vAle varAha kI bhI ginatI dazAvatAra meM kI gaI hai| rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata aura purANoM meM aisI kathA milatI hai| dUsare do avatAroM kA varNana brAhmaNa graMthoM meM milatA hai| 'zatapatha brAhmaNa' meM jalaprapAta se bacAne ke liye vAyu, matsya aura prajApati kA eka hI rUpa hai, aisA mahAbhArata meM kahA gayA hai| matsyapurANa meM vaha viSNu kA avatAra hI bana gyaa| zatapatha brAhmaNa meM prajotpati ko icchAvAle prajApati, Aditya, jalatatva ke kaccharUpa, naSTa hote hue sAdhanoM kA phira se prApta karAte haiN| viSNu kI caubIsa-kezavAdi mUrtiyA~ cAra hAthoM vAlI hotI haiN| unake hAthoM meM vidyamAna zaMkha, cakra, gadA aura padma, ina cAroM AyudhoM ke lobha-vilobha ke krama se caubIsa viSNu ke svarUpoM ke nAma kahe gaye haiN| AraNyaka meM viSNu ke yajJa avatAra kI kalpanA ko mUla batAyA hai| azvinI kumAroM ne yajJa kA mastaka yathAsthAna phira se ThIka baiThA diyA aura yajJa karanevAle devoM ne svarga vApasa pA liyaa| yajJa ko ghor3e kA sira yathAsthAna diyA, aisI kathA viSNu purANoM meM milatI hai| isaliye 'hayagrIba' avatAra kA mUla isI kathAnaka meM hai| viSNu-rudra kI pUjA liMga ke rUpa meM hotI hai, usI taraha viSNu kI zAligrAma ke rUpa meM pUjA hotI hai| zAligrAma kauna se tIrtha meM se prApta karane cAhie, unakA AkAra, unake Upara ke cakra, unakA varNa (raMga) aura unakI AkRti Adi ke guNadoSa zilpagraMthoM meM aura purANoM meM vistAra ke sAtha vaNita haiN| viSNu ke caubisa avatAroM meM se kauna-se avatAra kI mUrti kA svarUpa zAligrAma kA hai, isakA nirNaya amuka varNa yA cakra Adi ke cinhoM se hotA hai| viSNu nAma ko dhyAna meM lete hue jo bhinna-bhinna prAyudha hAtha meM diye gaye hai, ye usa prakAra hai: anya graMthakA krama viSNunAma dAyeM nIce dAyeM Upara bAyeM Upara bAyeM niice| zaMkha cakra gadA padma kezava nArAyaNa mAdhava goviMda padya zaMkha gadA cakra gadA cakra padya viSNu gadA zaMkha zaMkha zaMkha zaMkha madhusUdana vivikrama vAmana zrIdhara RSikeza padmanAbha dAmodara saMkarSaNa vAsudeva pradyumna aniruddha puruSottama adhokSaNa narasiMha acyuta janArdana For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA gadA padma .23 24 upendra zaMkha cakra hari zaMkha cakra padma gadA kRSNa zaMkha gadA padma cakra kaI graMthoM meM viSNu ke nAma ke krama-idhara-udhara hue haiM, aura kaI jagaha AyudhoM meM bhI bhinnatA milatI hai| lekina yahAM prAyudhoM ko yathA-yogya krama meM rakhane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| viSNu kI mUrti sthAnaka, prAsana aura zayana tInoM rUpoM meM milatI haiN| Asanastha viSNu kI goda meM baiThI unakI patnI lakSmI ke sAtha, unakI bahuta-sI mUrtiyAM milatI haiM / lakSmI ke alAvA RkmiNI, satyabhAmA aura zrI pRthvI bhI hotI hai / jalazAyI viSNu kI zayanamUrti meM viSNu ke sAtha lakSmI hotI hai| RSS WIKE ra MAH 7 HAI ANDAR - AAS graMthoM meM varNita prAyudhoM ko dhAraNa karAne meM 'dakSiNArdhaH karakramAta' arthAta dAyA hAtha nIce ke hAtha se Upara kI ora jAkara, bAyA hAtha Upara ke hAtha se nIce ke hAtha kA krama rakhA gayA hai| yaha krama 'devatAmUrti', prakaraNa 'rUpamaMDana','nirNaya siMdhu' aura 'abhilASaciMtAmaNi' meM varNita hai| uparokta graMtha meM yaha krama hai: 2 | padma gadA | For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra viSNu anya graMthoM meM dUsare prakAra se yaha krama diyA gayA hai / 1 zaMkha padma www.kobatirth.org cakra gadA Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 3 'dakSiNordhaka kramAta' arthAta dAyeM UparI hAtha se bAyeM UparI hAtha aura phira bAyA nIcA aura dAyAM nIcA hAtha lene kA krama 'skaMdha - purANa', 'padma purANa', 'buddhaharitasmRti', 'tasAra', 'zilparatna', 'zrIttatvanidhi' yAdi graMthoM meM varNita haiN| yaha krama samajhakara AyuSa dhAraNa karAne se mUrti vidhAna zAstrIya banatA hai / viSNu kirITa- mukuTa, kuMDala, vanamAlA jaise AbhUSaNa dhAraNa karate haiM aura unakA vAhna garUr3a hotA hai / garUr3a vIrAsana mudrA meM aMjalI - yukta hAthoM kI mudrA dhAraNa kiye baiThatA hai| garUr3a cAra hAtha vAlA hotA haiN| usakI nAsikA zuka jaisI hotI hai, usake do paMkha hote haiM / cAra hAthoMvAle garUr3a ke do hAtha aMjalIbaddha hote haiN| bAkI do hAthoM meM se eka meM chatra aura dUsare meM ghaTa - kuMbha rahatA hai / 'viSNu dharmottara' aura 'hemAdri' meM do hAthoM vAlI viSNu mUrti ko lokapAla viSNu kahA gayA hai| unake do hAthoM meM gadA aura cakra hote haiM / paritrANAya sAdhunA vinAzAyaca duSkRtAy dharma saMsthApanArtha ye saMmbhavAmi yuge yuge // gItA // 1-8 93 viSNu ke avatAra caubIsa viSNumUrtiyoM ke uparAMta unakI bahuta-sI avatAra mUrtiyA~ bhI pAyI gaI haiN| sAmAnyataH dasa avatAra mAne gaye haiM / phira bhI purANa aura bhAgavata meM 19 se 22 avatAroM kI saMkhyA bhI milatI hai / prAsaMgika rUpa-prAvAdyoMko bhI avatAra hI mAna liyA gayA haiN| gItA meM kahA hai ki: isa taraha avatAra kalpanA ke anusAra sAdhu aura dharma ke nAza ke liye viSNu avatAra dhAraNa karake pRthvI para vividha svarUpa meM hai / deva-daitya ke bAraha yuddha hue, taba kisI bhakta vizeSa kI AtmA aura prANoM kI rakSA ke liye, yA vizva ke uddhAra ke liye viSNu bhagavAna ko avatAra dhAraNa karanA paDatA haiN| 'viSNudharmottara' meM haMsa, matsya, kUrma, varAha, nRsiMha, vAmana, trivikrama, parazurAma, rAma, balarAma, kRSNa, vyAsa, dattAtreya, pRthu, mohinI, kapila, hayagrIva, dhanvaMtarI, aise 19 svarUpa varNita haiN| isameM buddha aura kalkI kA ullekha nahIM hai, jo ki viSNu ke hI avatAra mAne jAte haiM / bhAgavata meM viSNu ke avatAroM kA yaha krama diyA gayA hai: kumAra, varAha, nArada, nara nArAyaNa, kapila, dattAtreya, yajJa yA suyaza, vRSabha, pRthu, matsya, kUrma, dhanvaMtarI, mohinI, nRsiMha, vAmana, parazurAma, vedavyAsa, rAma, balarAma, kRSNa ( 20 ); buddha aura kalkI avatAra bhAvI ke garbha meM varNita hai| isa taraha bhAgavata meM 22 avatAra batAye gaye haiM / kaI jagaha avatAroM ke kaI nAma nahIM diye gaye haiM / jaise, nArada aura hyugrIva, varadarAja ( gajendra mokSaka) haMsa, yaha nAma diye gaye haiM / zilpa meM sAmAnyataH yaha dasa nAma pracalita haiM : matsya, kUrma, nRsiMha, varAha, vAmana, bhArgavarAma (parazurAma ) rAma, balarAma, kRSNa, buddha aura kalkI / aba hama yaha sabhI kA svarUpa varNana dekheM / For Private And Personal Use Only dazAvatAra loka 1. matsya nAbhi se nIce kA bhAga matsyAkAra hai, aura UparI hissA cAra hAthavAlA puruSAkAra haiM / koI do hAtha ke bhI hote haiM / sara para kirITa-mukuTa, kuMDala Adi alaMkAra, do hAthoM meM zaMkha aura cakra hote haiN| zatapatha meM jalapralaya meM se bacAnevAle matsya prajApati kA hI

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA eka mAtra rUpa mAnA gayA hai| cAra bAlaka rUpa bedra dhAraNa karate hai| 2. kurmAvatAra nAbhi se nIce kUrmAkRti aura Upara puruSAkRti hai| do hAthoM meM kamala aura gadA hotI hai| sara para kirITa mukuTa jaise alaMkAra dhAraNa kiye hote haiN| kaI jagaha unake sAtha lakSmI, sarasvatI aura garur3a bhI hote haiN| kaI-kaI jagaha samudra-maMthana kA dRzya ukerA jAtA hai| maMdarameru parvata para AveSThita vAsuki nAma kI DorI se, eka ora deva aura dUsarI ora dAnava khar3e samudra maMthana karate haiN| zatapatha brAhmaNa meM varNana hai ki prajApati-kaccha ne jalapralaya meM naSTa ho gaI cIje phira se prApta karavA dI thiiN| matsya kurmAvatAra 3. varAha avatAra varAha avatAra, Adi varAha aura naravarAha kI bhI mUrtiyAM banatI haiN| nRvarAha do paira vAlI manuSyAkRti para varAha (sUara) ke mukha jaisA isakA svarUpa hai| pAMca phaNoM vAle zeSanAga para eka paira rakhA hotA hai| do hAtha vAlI mUrti kA eka hAtha kamara para rakhA hotA hai| skaMdha para bhU devI bhI hotI hai| cAra hAtha vAlI mUrti meM eka hAtha kamara para rakhA huA hotA hai| hAtha meM gadA, zaMkha aura cakra dhAraNa kiye hote haiN| dAMta meM pRthvI ko dhAraNa kiye hote haiN| prAdivarAha barAha prANI ke agale paira ke pAsa muMha ke nIce kUrma, aura usake Upara zeSa kA mAnavarUpa do hAtha jor3akara stuti kI mudrA meM hotA hai| usake mAthe para sAta phaNA rahatI hai| zeSa kI bAyIM ora pRthvIdevI kI choTI tribhaMga mUrti kUrma para khar3I rahakara eka hAtha se varAha ke mukha kA sparza karatI hai| paira ke pAsa zaMkha, cakra, gadA aura padma hote haiN| varAha kI pITha para bhinna-bhinna paMktiyoM meM aneka devasvarUpa utkIrNa hote haiN| jaise samudramaMthana, rAmavanavAsa Adi / paira ke pAsa digpAla aura puccha ke nIce kuMbha hotA hai| 'taiteriya saMhitA' aura 'zatapatha brAhmaNa' meM pAnI meM se pRthvI ko bAhara nikAlane kA varNana hai| use pRthvI ke uddhAraka prajApati kA rUpa mAnA gayA hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 5. vAmana viSNu 4. nRsiMhAvatAra zarIra mAnava kA aura mukha siMha kA, tIkSNa dAMta, aura cAra hAtha, aisA bhayaMkara svarUpa hotA hai / hiraNyakazyapa ko goda meM lekara do hAthoM se use cIrate hue, bAkI do hAthoM meM gadA aura cakra dhAraNa kiye hote haiN| gale taka ke laMbe bAla aura jIbha mukha se bAhara nikalI huI hotI hai| pATha hAthoMvAle nRsiMha kI karaMDa mUrti do hAthoM se hiraNyakazyapa ko cIratI huI. bAkI do hAthoM meM, zaMkha, pAza vajra aura gadA dhAraNa kiye hotI hai| kaI mUrtiyoM ke paira ke pAsa gaMdharva-mithuna, lakSmI, garur3a Adi hote haiN| kisI-kisI mUrti kI dAyIM ora nArada aura bAyIM ora prahalAda hote haiN| kaI bAra aSTa digpAla, lokapAla bhI ukere jAte haiN| kaI jagaha zrI zrIra sarasvatI bhI hotI hai da www.kobatirth.org varAvatAra 7. rAma Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir nRsiMhAvatAra tAtvika dRSTi se tIna Daga meM hI unhoMne samasta vizva ko nApa liyA thA; isa kathAnaka ke AdhAra para unake svarUpa kI kalpanA kI jA sakatI hai| vAmana Thigane, zrotIya brAhmaNa jaise, yajJopavIta dhAraNa kiye hue aura laMgoTIdhArI hote haiN| unake donoM hAthoM meM kamaMDala aura chatra hotA hai| sara para zikhA hai| vAmana ko daMDa dhAraNa karane kA Adeza hai| trivikrama vAmana rUpa hai| 95 6. parazurAma jAmadagneya rAma ne parazu dhAraNa kI pratijJA kI thI; unako do hAtha hote haiN| unake parazu dhAraNa karane kA Adeza 'rUpamaMDana' meM kiyA gayA hai| jabaki samarAMgaNa sUtradhAra meM unake cAra yA ATha hAtha kahe haiN| sarapara jaTA aura kamara para kaTikA kaMdorA hotA hai| prAMkhe krodhapUrNa lAla hotI haiN| agni purANa meM cAra hAtha kahe haiM, usameM dhanuSa, bANa, khar3aga, aura parazu dhAraNa karavAye haiN| For Private And Personal Use Only bhArata ke loka hRdaya meM base hue dazaratha-putra rAjA rAma ke prati sabhI bhAratIyoM ke hRdaya meM atyanta bhaktibhAva hai| unakI khar3I Asanastha pratimA ke do hAthoM meM dhanuSa-bANa hai / 'agni purANa' meM unake cAra hAtha kahe haiM; dhanuSa-bANa ke uparAMta zaMkha aura khar3aga bhI

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vAmanAvatAra 96 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA rAma ke prAyudha mAne gaye haiM / 'samarAMgaNa sUtradhAra' meM rAma ko do-cAra aura ATha hAtha ke bhI batAyA haiN| unameM zaMkha, cakra, gadA Adi prAyudha dhAraNa karavAne kA varNana hai / parazurAma Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir rAmAvatAra 8. balarAma zeSanAga ke avatAra mAne jAnevAle balarAma zrIkRSNa ke bhAI haiM / balarAma kA svarUpa saMgharSa kA kahA jAtA hai| ve gaura varNa ke aura tAmasI prakRti ke mAne jAte haiN| unake do hAthoM meM hala aura muzala hote haiN| cAra hAthoM vAle balarAma ko hala aura muzala ke uparAMta zaMkha aura cakra bhI dhAraNa karAye jAte haiM / unakI mUrti ke mAthe para saptamukhI nAga kI chAyA rahatI hai / unake sAtha unakI patnI revatI bhI hotI hai| kaI bAra cAra hAthoMvAlI mUrti ke UparI do hAthoM meM hala-muzala aura nIce ke eka hAtha meM madyapAtra, aura dUsarA kamara para hotA hai| unakI patnI revatI ke hAtha meM kamala aura kamaMDala hotA hai| dasa avatAroM meM balarAma kA sthAna kRSNa ko diyA gayA hai / 9. budhda 'rUpamaMDana 'kArane buddha kA varNana karate hue kahA hai ki unakA varNa rakta hai, ve padmAsana meM haiM, AbhUSaNa aura kezatyAgI haiM, kASAya vastra dhAraNa kiye hue haiM aura do hAthavAlI abhaya, aura bAhya mudrA meM, prasanna mukhamudrAyukta hote haiN| dazAvatAra meM jo buddha ke avatAra kA ullekha hai, vaha bauddhadharma ke saMsthApaka tathAgata buddha kA nahIM haiM, aisA kaI vidvAnoM kA mata hai; lekina unakA varNana to tathAgata se milatA julatA hI hai / 10. kalkI For Private And Personal Use Only viSNu ke dasaveM avatAra kalkI, hAtha meM khar3aga liye, azvArUr3ha haiN| purANoM meM varNana haiM ki jaba ghora kaliyuga zurU hogA aura adharma pravartamAna hogA, taba dharma kI sthApanA ke liye zaMbhala gAMva meM brAhmaNa ke yahAM yaha kalkI avatAra hogaa| 'paMcarAtra graMtha' meM unake cAra hAthoM meM khaDga, zaMkha, cakra aura gadA ke Ayudha varNita haiM / anya graMthoM meM zaMkha, cakra, talavAra aura DhAla bhI batAye gaye haiM / uparokta suprasiddha dazAvatAra ke sivAya, bhAgavata aura purANoM ke anusAra dUsare bhI 15 avatAra viSNu bhagavAna ne liye haiN| bhaktoM kA duHkha dUra karane ke lie prAsaMgika rUpa se bhagavAna aneka bAra prakaTa hue haiN| aise avatAra bhinna-bhinna graMthoM meM bhinna-bhinna rUpoM meM varNita haiM /

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra viSNu balarAma kRSNAvatAra www.kobatirth.org 1. RSabhadeva budhAvatAra athadazAvatAra matsya yo svasvarUpoM varAho gajambujam vi zyAma barAhAsyo STrAtA // 1 // siMhaH siMho'tibaM hiraNyoraH syUsAsakta vicAraNakarayaH // 2 // vAmanaH sazikhaH syAmo vaMDI chatrAmbupAnavAn jaTA jiva dharo rAmro bhArgavaH parazubadhat // 3 // rAmaH zareSu dhRk zyAmaH zarzIra muzalo bala buddha padmAsano rakta styakA bharaNa mUrdhalA // 6 // kaSAya vastro dhyAnaro dvija pAki kalkI khaGgI hayADho vyayatArA hareM rime // 5 // iti dazAvatAra viSNu svarUpa / isa taraha dazAvatAra aba hama yahAM una 15 avatAroM kA svarUpa varNana dekheM: kalkI 97 AdikAla meM tAbhirAjA aura mArudevI ke ghara RSabhadeva ne janma liyA thA, aisI kathA bhAgavata ke pAMcaveM skaMdha meM hai, aura RSabhadeva kI kathA ke cAra-pAMca adhyAya usameM haiN| sabhI prAzramoM ke zreSTha mArga unhoMne dikhAye the / ugra tapa kA AcaraNa bhI unhoMne kiyA aura jagata ko vyavahAra mArga kI ora jAne ke liye bhI bodha diyaa| isIlie unakI ginatI avatArI puruSa meM huI / RSabhadeva kI svataMtra mUrti dikhAI nahIM detii| unakI kalpanA tapasvI ke rUpa meM ho sakatI hai| jaina dharma meM RSabhadeva ke prathama tIrthakara mAne gaye haiM / buddha ko bhI avatArI puruSa mAnanevAle hindU dharma ne, jaina aura bauddha donoM dharmo ke prati sahiSNutA kA bhAva rakkhA hai, aisA kahA jA sakatA hai|

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA 2. kapila gItA meM kahA hai ki ve bar3e tapasvI the| bhAgavata meM unheM sAMkhya-zAsra ke praNetA mAne haiN| unake pitA kardama aura mAtA huti the| pAtAla meM jaba ve tapa kara rahe the, taba sAgara putroM ne unako satAyA thA; taba kapila muni ne unakI ora krodha se dekhA thA aura ve sabhI bhasma ho gaye the| gujarAta meM sarasvatI ke pAsa unakA sthAna mAnA gayA hai| ___'viSNu dharmottara' meM unakA svarUpa varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki padmAsana yukta, cAra bhujAvAle haiN| unake nIce ke do hAtha yogamudrA meM haiM aura Upara ke do hAthoM meM ve zaMkha aura cakra dhAraNa kiye haiN| ve jaTA-mukuTa aura yajJopavItadhArI, tathA laMbI DAr3hIvAle hote hai| anya mata se unake ATha hAtha varNita hai, jisameM abhaya, cakra, khar3aga, hala, kamarapaTa, zaMkha, pAza aura daMDa hote haiN| 3. dattAtreya atri-RSi aura anusUyA ke putra / devoM ne anusUyA ke satItva kI parIkSA karane ke liye nagnAvasthA meM hI usase bhikSA grahaNa karane kA Agraha kiyA; taba anusUyA ne brahmA, viSNu aura maheza ko bAlaka banAkara, mAtRbhAva dhAraNa karake unheM bhikSA dii| isIse tInoM deva bar3e prasanna hue, aura satI ke yahAM dattAtreya banakara avatarita hue| 'mArkaNDeya purANa' meM eka dUsarI bhI kathA hai| atri RSi ne putra prApti ke lie ugra tapazcaryA kI thIM, taba RSi ke mastaka se trailokya dAhaka jvAlA utpanna huI thI; use zAMta karane ke lie tInoM devoM ko anusUyA ke yahAM janma lenA pdd'aa| 'agni purANa' meM dattAtreya ke do hAtha kahe haiM, jabaki 'dattAtreya-kalpa' meM cAra hAtha kahe haiN| do hAtha vyAkhyAna mudrA meM, tIsare meM kamala, aura cauthA ghuTane para DhAla kara, AMkheM muMde baiThe hote haiN| badAmI kI guphA meM dattAtreya kI mUrti hai| yogAsana meM baiThe hue, ve cAra hAthoMvAle hote haiN| UparI do hAthoM meM cakra aura zaMkha, nIce ke donoM hAtha eka ke Upara eka rahate haiM, aura kaI bAra eka hAtha vyAkhyAna mudrA meM bhI rahatA hai| mUrti kI baiThaka ke nIce naMdI, garur3a aura haMsa ke tIna vAhana bhI pAye jAte haiN| kabhI pichalI pIThikA meM dazAvatAra bhI utkIrNa hote haiN| uttara bhArata yA gujarAta meM dattAtreya kI prAcIna mUrti nahIM milatI hai| mahArASTra meM bahuta se loga dattAtreya ko mAnate haiN| phira bhI vahAM madhyakAla ke pahale kI mUrtiyAM nahIM dikhAI detiiN| lekina mahArASTra kI kalpanAnusAra unake tIna mukha, chaH hAtha, do paira hai, unake paripArzva meM cAra kutte aura kAmadhenu gAya hai| pichale do sau varSoM ke arase meM aise zilpa utkIrNa kiye gaye haiN| 4. haMsa sanakAdi ne apane pitA brahmA ko tatvajJAna saMbaMdhI kucha prazna puuche| unakA samAdhAna brahmadeva bhI na kara paaye| isalie brahmA ne, Izacitana kiyA, usa samaya haMsa ke rUpa meM pragaTa hokara Izvara ne praznoM ke uttara diye| bhAgavata kI isa kathAnusAra haMsa bhI eka avatAra mAnA gyaa| 'zrItatvanidhi' graMtha meM haMsa-mUrti dhyAna meM baiThI huI, zvetavarNa vAlI, do hAtha meM zaMkha-cakra dhAraNa kiye khar3I varNita hai / kakSa meM priyA strIrUpa bhI hai| 5. kumAra sanaka, sunaMdana, sanAtam aura sanata kumAra, ina cAroM brahmaputroM ne akhaMDa brahmacarya vrata lekara bar3I kaThina tapazcaryA vinaSTa kI thI aura devatva ke mArga ko punaH jIvita kiyA thaa| isaliye unakI ginatI bhagavAna ke avatAra ke rUpa meM kI gaI hai| unakA varNana bAla-svarUpa meM milatA hai| lekina unakA mUrti-zilpa Aja kahIM bhI nahIM pAyA jaataa| 6. yajJa yA suyajJa ___bhAgavata meM yajJa-suyajJa kA varNana milatA hai| ve vizva ke duHkha dUra karanevAle viSNu ke aMzAvatAra mAne gaye haiN| 'matsyapurANa' meM kahA gayA hai ki yajJa dharma se utpanna hue haiN| inakI bhI mUrti kahIM nahIM dikhAI detii| 7. nArada bhAgavata meM nArada ko bhI graMzAvatAra mAnA gayA hai| nArada ne sAtvata taMtra kA upadeza diyA thaa| zilpazAsra meM unake svarUpa kA koI ullekha nahIM miltaa| phira bhI 'naya saMgraha' meM unakA varNana karate hue kahA hai ki unake do hAthoM meM akSamAlA aura kamaMDala hai, aura bAye skaMdha para ve bInA dhAraNa kiye haiN| unakA svarUpa bhakta saMgraha' meM bhI varNita hai| 8. pRthu bahuta prAcInakAla meM vena nAmaka rAjA ke aniSTa pAcaraNa se prajA ko bahuta kaSTa huA thaa| RSiyoM ne unheM upadeza diyA phira bhI For Private And Personal Use Only

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viSNu vaha nahIM sudhraa| isaliye prajA ne hI usakA vadha karake eka puruSa utpanna kiyaa| usane prathama, logoM ko kRSi vidyA sikhAkara, prajA ko sukhI bnaayaa| atharvaveda aura brAhmaNa graMthoM meM unake rAjyAbhiSeka se saMbaMdhita AkhyAyikAeM hai| unheM purANoM ne prabhu ke aMzAvatAra ke rUpa meM mAnA hai| 'viSNudharmottara' meM pRthu kA svarUpa cakravartI rAjendra jaisA batAyA gayA hai| 9. trivikrama viSNu ke 24 bhedoM meM bhI trivikrama kA svarUpa diyA gayA hai| vAmana aura trivikrama ke svarUpoM meM kiMcita bheda hai| hAtha meM chAtA, daMDa, kamaMDala aura saMnyAsI jaisA khule sara vAlA vAmana kA svarUpa hai| ____ viSNu dharmottara' meM unake 8 hAtha batAye haiN| daMDa, pAza, zaMkha, cakra, gadA tathA padma dhAraNa kiye hue haiN| donoM hAthoM se zaMkha bajAtA huA unakA mukha Urdhva hotA hai| cAra hAtha vAle varNana meM kahA gayA hai ki eka hAtha se zaMkha bajAte haiN| aura bAkI do hAthoM meM abhaya yA cakra aura varadamudrA hotI hai| dAyAM paira nIce aura bAyAM paira Urdhva AkAza meM rahatA hai| mahAbalIpurama ke trivikrama aSTa bhujAyukta hai| unake hAthoM meM talavAra, gadA, bAja, cakra, zaMkha, sucimudrA, DhAla aura dhanuSa hote hai| dAyAM para sthira aura bAyAM paira AkAza kI ora hotA hai / agalabagala zrI aura lakSmI rahatI hai| trivikrama ke mAthe para mukuTa rahatA hai| moDherA ke sUryamaMdira ke trivikrama kA svarUpa isa prakAra hai: atibhaMga meM vizvarUpa dhAraNa karake ve khar3e haiN| unake pairoM ke pAsa vAmana aura balirAjA dakSiNA lete hue khar3e haiM / ajamera ke myUjiyama meM aisI hI eka mUrti hai, jisake cAra hAtha, padma, gadA, cakra aura zaMkha dhAraNa kiye haiN| dAhinA paira nIce pRthvI kA, aura bAyAM paira U~ce AkAza kA rUpaka vyakta karatA hai / trivikrama ke mAthe para kirITa mukuTa hotA hai| 10. hayazirSa vaidika vAGamaya meM varNita hai ki agni, indra, yajJa aura vAyu ina cAra devoM ne milakara eka yajJa zurU kiyA thaa| usakA devI yaza akele yajJa ne hI le liyA thaa| isase bAkI ke tInoM ne yukti se yajJa kA ziracchedana kara diyA thaa| aura bAda meM usako azva kA mastaka joDa diyA gayA thaa| aisA hayazirSa kA svarUpa hai| dUsarI eka kathA isa prakAra hai ki daitya kA vadha karane aura madhu kairabha ko mArakara veda vApasa lAne ke liye bhagavAna ko yaha avatAra lenA par3A thaa| ___ 'agni purANa' meM hayagrIva ke cAra hAtha batAye haiN| unameM zaMkha, cakra, gadA aura veda hai| unakA bAyA para zeSanAga para aura dAhinA paira ghUrmapara hotA hai / ve azvamukha hote hai| ___ 'viSNu dharmottara' ke anusAra unake paira pRthvI para hote haiN| ve ATha hAthoM meM zaMkha, cakra, gadA, padma, bANa, khaDga, DhAla aura dhanurdhArI hote haiN| vedoM ke mAthe para unakA hAtha hotA hai| ve azvamukha, nIlavarNa, aura saMkarSaNa kA aMza hotA hai| hayagrIva parama jJAnI, sarvavidyA ke upAsaka mAne jAte haiN| dravir3a deza meM ve bahuta pracalita hai| uttara bhArata meM unakI mUrtiyoM ke maMdira nahIM haiN| 11. naranArAyaNa ye dharma ke putra haiN| inhoMne badrikAzrama meM ugra tapa kiyA thA, isIse indra ne inake tapobhaMga kA prayatna kiyA thaa| lekina usameM ve asaphala rhe| 'mahAbhArata' aura 'devI bhAgavata' meM inakI kathA hai| zrIkRSNa aura unake mitra kI bhI naranArAyaNa ke rUpa meM kalpanA kI jAtI hai| 'camurvarga citAmaNI' meM unakA svarUpa varNana karate hue likhA hai ki, unakA varNa bhUrA hai , aura unake cAra hAtha haiM, unameM se dAhine hAthoM meM zaMkha cakra aura bAyeM hAthoM meM gadA aura padma yA vINA rahatI hai| dAhinI ora padmadhArI muSTi hai| jaTAmaMDalayukta ve, aScaTa-cakra ratha para eka paira TikAye hote haiM, aura unakA dUsarA paira ghuTanoM se nArAyaNI ke pAsa TikA hotA hai| badrIphala kI TokanI pAsa meM rakhI huI hotI hai / kirITa mukuTa, keyUra, makara-kuMDala Adi prAbhUSaNadhArI naranArAyaNa kI bahutasI mUrtiyAM pAyI jAtI haiN| 12. dhanvantarI devoM aura daityoM ne amRta pAne ke lie samudra maMthana kiyA thA, taba usameM se jo caudaha ratna nikale the, unameM amRta se bharA ghar3A lekara dhanvantarI bhI prakaTa hue the / purANoM meM unakA varNana milatA hai| 'viSNu dharmotara' meM unake svarUpa-varNana meM kahA gayA hai ki suMdara mukhAkRtivAle dhanvantarI ke donoM hAthoM meM amRtakuMbha hotA hai| 'zilparatnama' meM unako cAra hAthoM vAle batAyA haiN| jinameM kamala, abhaya, amRtakuMbha aura zastrayaMtra hote haiM / dhanvantarI ne pIta vastra dhAraNa kiyA hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA OME www STAR ka hayagrIva / SLELALILADIESee lakSmI For Private And Personal Use Only

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viSNu 13. mohinI samudra maMthana se dhanvantarI kI taraha hI mohinI bhI prakaTa huI thii| kyoMki amRtakuMbha lekara jaba daitya bhAge the, taba sabhI devoM ne viSNu kI prArthanA kI thI / taba viSNu ne mohinI kA suMdara strIrUpa dhAraNa karake daityoM ko mohita kiyA thA aura devoM ko amRta dilAyA thA / bhAgavata meM usakA varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai usakA varNa zyAma hai, suMdara yauvanayukta svarUpa, raMgInavastra, aura sarvAlaMkAra dhAriNI mohinI 'viSNudharmottara ke anusAra hAthoM meM amRtakuMbha ke sAtha pragaTa huI thii| 101 14. zrIkRSNa viSNu kA yaha avatAra bar3A mahatvapUrNa mAnA gayA hai| kRSNAvatAra meM unhoMne aneka pralaukika lIlAe~ kI thiiN| vAsudeva hI kRSNa haiN| unake pitA vasudeva hai / maryAdA puruSottama rAma mAne jAte haiN| usI taraha kRSNa lIlA puruSottama mAne jAte haiN| rAma ke samAna hI kRSNa pUjA kI bhI mahattA hai| bhAgavata, harivaMza Adi purANoM meM zrIkRSNa ke jIvana kI lIlA varNita hai / bAlakRSNa, gau-gopAla, govardhanadhArI, veNugopAla aura kAliyAmardana yAdi unakI jIva-lolA ke kaI prasaMga hai zrIkRSNa ko to dazAvatAra meM bhI sthAna hai| kaI jagaha balarAma ko bhI vahAM sthAna diyA gayA hai| 15. vyAsa unhoMne vedoM kI vyavasthA kI thI, aura ziSyoM ko vedAdhyayana karavAyA thaa| mahAbhArata, purANa Adi unhoMne hI likhavAye the| kaI vidvAna mAnate haiM ki purANoM meM vyAsa kA svarUpa isa taraha varNita haiM: vyAsa kRSNa varNa haiM, jaTA dhArI aura durbala zarIravAle haiM / vyAsa ke pAsa unake cAra ziSya sumatu, jaiminI, yaila aura vaizampAyana baiThe haiM / viSNu ke dazAvatAra aura purANoM meM varNita unake prAsaMgika rUpa avatAra ke varNana ke bAda aba hama viSNu ke prAdezika rUpoM kA avalokana kareM / 1. varadarAja dravir3a pradeza meM inakI vizeSa pUjA hotI hai| madrAsa jora aura maisUra meM inake bahuta maMdira hai| gajendra kA mokSa karanevAle viSNu kI kathA bhAgavata meM hai / dravir3a pradeza meM varadarAja ko baDI zraddhA ke sAtha pUjA jAtA hai| gajendra mokSa ke zilpapaTTa (penatsa) gujarAta meM bahuta milate haiN| viSNusvarUpa varadarAja ke maMdira uttara bhArata meM abhI taka nahIM pAye gye| varadarAja kI mUrti ke UparI do hAtho meM cakra aura zaMkha haiM / nIce kA bAyAM hAtha varadamudrA aura dAyA~ hAtha kaTihasta mudrA meM hotA hai| 2. vyaMkaTeza yaha bAlAjI ke nAma se draviDameM pUje jAte haiN| suprasiddha tirupati vyaMkaTezvara kA maMdira madrAsa ke pAsa hai| usakI cAra bhujAnoM ke UparI do hAtho meM zaMkha-cakra aura nIce ke hAtha abhaya aura kaThayaMbalita mudrA meM kamara para rakhe hue hote haiN| unakA vAhana garur3a aura mArutI hai, cihna padma hai| hAthoM meM ziva kA cihna bhujaMga valaya hotA hai| isa svarUpa kI uttara bhArata meM koI prAcIna mUrti nahIM milI / lekina aba cAlIsa varNoM meM unakI dhAtumUrti ke maMdira uttara bhArata meM hue haiN| dakSiNa meM zrIraMgajI ke nAma se raMganAtha dhAma pahacAnA jAtA hai| vahAM viSNu kI yogAsana - dhyAnastha mUrti hai| 3. viThThala viThobA | yaha viSNu kA apabhraMza nAma hai| mahArASTra meM ise bahuta mAnA jAtA hai| paMDharapura meM isakA mukhya maMdira hai| bhakta puMDarika kI bhakti ke kAraNa bhagavAna ko avatAra lenA par3A, aisI daMtakathA paMDharapura ke viThThala mahAtmya meM hai| do hAtha kamara para rakhe hue cAra hAthavAle yaha deva haiN| UparI do hAthoM meM kamala aura zaMkha haiN| anya AbhUSaNoM meM mukuTa, hAra, mAlA, kuMDala prAdi pahane hote haiN| unake kakSa meM rukmiNI khar3I mUrti kamala varadamudrA meM hai| paMDharapura meM aisI zyAma varNa kI mUrti bahuta pAyI jAtI haiN| baMbaI ke pAsa zahADa ke viThaThala maMdira meM bhI suMdara mUrti hai| For Private And Personal Use Only 1. bAlakRSNa bAla svarUpa kRSNa kI ghuTanoM ke bala calatI huI bahuta sI dhAtumUrtiyA~ pAyI jAtI haiM / use lAlajI bhI kahate haiM / ballabhAcArya ke puSTimArga meM kRSNa ke aise bAlasvarUpa ko hI mAnate haiN| rAmAnaMdI sAdhu bhI isI svarUpa ko mAnate haiM / "vairavAnasa zrAgama" meM use 'navanIta naTa' kA nAma diyA gayA hai|

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kAliyA mardana KRISHNA JANMA YAMUNA. PAN GOKUL GSMANA KALIYA-MARDAN. 2013: FRUTDURENDE PRVAVAVAD CELLING MAKWANCHOR KROHNA na RE05). KONV.VAN NAVAAT ANNAMAT MAVIMUI NAVNAVO LAYANAN WNINAAVAN NUNAVAV TRAVAVAVAVAD AAAAA MWAAAA ER27 KANSA VADHA LAWANA RARE COP)-NCHEN SARNA For Private And Personal Use Only

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kAliyA mardana YASHODAMATA TADAN KRISHNA KALIYA - MARDANA CELLING. BANSARI SAD KRISHNA GAUSRVA. ATHRt- GO TUNAVY UVVAVAD ser DVAVAT De AZUMWA NAV VVT LA 9 SAYAN SOR V.VAVNAVAD M V.VNNVATAY U KMSHA: GOVARDHAN TOL. I AS YATRASURA VADH. Wolne MPURA GAVARDHAND TOLA 5 star I ST 34.4.4 ARCHITECT. For Private And Personal Use Only

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104 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA h / APRA balarAma-rohiNI rAdhAkRSNa 2. veNugopAla yaha bhI zrI kRSNa kA hI bAlalIlA kA svarUpa hai| pairoM meM prAMTI lagAkara tribhaMga svarUpa meM baMzI bajAtI kRSNa kI aisI mUrti gopAla kRSNa ke nAma se pahacAnI jAtI hai| jaba kRSNa rAdhA ke sAtha hote haiM taba ve rAdhAkRSNa ke nAma se pukAre jAte haiN| vaikhAnasa Agama aura viSNu dharmottara purANa meM vividha bheda diye gaye haiN| 3. govardhanadhArI zrI kRSNa kI bAlalIlA kA samaya camatkArika prasaMgoM kA hai| iMdra pUjA ke naSTa karaneke lie aura ativRSTi se gokula ko bacAneke, lie kRSNa ne apanI aMtima aMgulI para govardhana parvata dhAraNa kiyA thA,aisI kathA hai| dohAtha dhArI kRSNa vibhaMgatra svarUpa meM, paira meM pATI DAla kara, bAye hAtha se parvata dhAraNa kiye khaDe haiN| dAye hAtha meM lakar3I hai| bAjU meM gAyeM aura gopa bAla hai| unhoMne bhI lakar3iyoM se parvata ko TikAyA huA hai| cAra hAthoM ke govardhanadhArI kRSNa kA svarUpa isa prakAra hai| UparI eka hAtha se govardhana parvata dhAraNa kara rakhA hai| anya hAtho meM muralI, zaMkha aura cakra haiN| isa prakAra kI mUrtiyAM bhI dekhI jAtI haiN| kirITa mukuTa aura anya alaMkAra yukta kaI svarUpa bhI govardhanadhArI ke haiN| sAtha meM gau hai| 4. kAliyAmardana zrI kRSNa kI bAlalIlA kA hI yaha eka svarUpa haiN| yamunA meM kAliyA nAmaka nAga logoM ke lie bar3A ghAtaka thaa| isaliye kRSNa bAlalIlA ke bahAne yamunA meM jAkara nAga ko bAhara le Aye aura usake mAthe para nRtya karate hue baMzI bajAne lge| kaI jagaha isa svarUpa meM kRSNa ke cAra hAtha dikhAye haiN| eka hAtha se kAliyA nAga kI pUMcha pakaDakara zaMkha, cakra aura veNu ke sAtha ve khaDe haiM / unake sAtha unake cAroM ora kAliyA nAga kI ATha patniyAM kRSNa kI stuti karatI haiN| aise zilpa dIvAla para yA chata meM ukere hote bahuta dekhane meM Ate hai| viSNu kI pATha bhujA, cAra bhujA aura do bhujA kI mUrtiyAM nagara ke dvAra, devamaMdira yA ghara meM rakhane ke lie matsya purANa meM kahA gayA hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

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viSNulakSmI, khajurAho prAsAda, madhya pradeza spadarpaNA devAMGganA, zivapArvatI khajurAho, madhya pradeza For Private And Personal Use Only

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sUryamUti-koNArka (ur3IsA) For Private And Personal Use Only

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viSNu 105 1. aSTabhuja viSNu dAyeM cAra hAthoM meM khaDga, gadA, bANa aura padma tathA bAyeM cAra hAthoM meM dhanuSa,DhAla, zaMkha aura cakra hote haiN| aisI mUrti nagara ke dvAra para rakhanI caahie| Op govardhanadhArI kRSNa kAlIyA mardana kRSNa viSNu 2. caturbhuja viSNu : dAyeM hAthoM meM gadA-padma aura bAyeM hAthoM meM zaMkha-cakra hote haiM / aisI mUrtiyAM rAjabhavana yA zrImaMtoM ke mahAlayoM meM rakhanI caahie| 3. dvibhuja viSNu (kRSNAvatAra): bAyeM hAtha meM gadA aura dAye meM zaMkha yA cakra hotA hai / paira ke pAsa pRthvI aura bAyIM ora padmadhArI lakSmI hotI hai| vAhana garuDa hotA hai| aisI mUrtiyAM gharoM meM rakhanI caahie| 4. yogezvara viSNu : zveta kamala para padmAsana meM baiThe hue viSNu ke cAra hAtha hote haiN| Upara ke do hAthoM meM zaMkha-cakra hote hai| bAkI do hAtha yogamudrAyukta hote haiM / ardhamIlita cakSu, karaMDa mukuTa, sarva AbhUSaNa yukta zarIra para yajJopavIta bhI rahatA hai| unake pIche brahmA aura ziva bhI rahate haiM / paira ke pAsa gadA aura kamala hotA hai| ___ kaI jagaha biSNu ke cAra mukha bhI varNita kiye gaye haiN| devatA mUrti prakaraNa', 'rUpamaMDana', 'viSNu dharmottara', Adi graMthoM meM unake cAra, chaH, pATha, bAraha, caudaha aura bIsa bhujAnoM ke bhI svarUpa varNita haiM / ve garur3a para birAjamAna haiN| unake cAra mukha isa prakAra haiM : sanmukha manuSya kA narasiMha kA, bAyA varAha kA aura pITha kA mukha dRSyamAna nahIM hai| phira bhI use strI mukha kahA gayA hai| 'devatA mUrti prakaraNa' (anaMta) tathA 'rUpamaMDana' aura aparAjitasUtra meM viSNu ko caturmukha, aura bAraha bhujA yukta varNita kiyA gayA hai| dAyeM hAthoM meM gadA, talavAra, cakra, bajra, aMkuza, varadamudrA aura bAyeM hAthoM meM zaMkha, DhAla, dhanuSa, kamala, daMDa, pAza hote haiN| zveta varNa For Private And Personal Use Only

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106 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA aura garur3a kA Asana hotA hai| yaha varNana 'rUpamaMDana' aura 'viSNudharmottara' meM milatA hai| kirITa-mukuTa, kuMDala Adi sarva prAbhUSaNa yukta tathA yogamudrA yA jJAnamudrAyukta anaMta bhagavAna kI caudaha hAthoM kI mUrtiyoM kA AdhAra nahIM milatA hai| 1. anaMta viSNu : 'viSNu dharmottara' graMtha meM unakA varNana isa prakAra hai : cAra bhujA, mastaka para sarpa kA phana, dAyeM do hAtho meM kamala aura muzala tathA bAye do hAthoM meM hala evaM zaMkha yA surApAtra hotA hai| isa taraha balarAma kA svarUpa anaMta rUpa hai| ve zeSanAga ke avatAra mAne jAte hai| ve sarva AbhUSaNayukta haiM aura mastaka para ke sarpa ke phana para pRthvI hai| 2. lokya mohana : ___ agnipurANa meM unheM aSTabhuja aura caturmukha kahA hai| dAyeM hAthoM meM cakra, bANa, muzala aura aMkuza hai, jaba ki bAyeM hAthoM meM zaMkha, dhanuSa, gadA aura pAza haiM / garur3a kA vAhana aura unake donoM ora lakSmI tathA sarasvatI haiN| "viNu dharmottara', 'devatA mUrti prakaraNa' aura 'rUpamaMDana' meM unheM solaha bhujA ke kahA gayA hai| dAyIM bhujAoM meM gadA, cakra, aMkuza, bANa, bhAlA, cakra, varadamudrA aura bAyIM bhujAoM meM zrRga, kamaMDala, kamala, zaMkha, sAraMga, pAza yA mugdara, bAkI do hAthoM kI yogamudrA hotI haiM / ve sarva alaMkArayukta hote haiN| uparokta cAra mukha / yoga-mudrA ke do hAthoM ke sivA caudaha bhujA ke svarUpa ko trailokya mohana bhI kahA hai| 3. vizvarUpa : 'agnipurANa' aura 'rUpamaMDana' meM bIsa bhujA aura cAra mukha varNita haiN| dAyIM bhujAoM meM cakra, talavAra, muzala, aMkuza, padma, mugdara, pAza, zakti, trizUla aura bANa hote haiM / bAyIM bhujAoM meM zaMkha, dhanuSa, gadA, pAza, tomara, nAgara, pharasI, daMDa, churikA aura DhAla hoteM hai| garur3AsIna isa svarUpa ke agalabagala lakSmI aura sarasvatI haiN| uparokta cAra mukha / 'rUpamaMDana' meM do hAtha yogamudrA ke liye varNita haiN| 'rUpamaMDana' meM varNita cAra bhujA aura bIsa bhujAoM ke Ayudho meM antara hai| yogamudrA, patAkA, vana, phala aura puSpamAlA, yaha anya prAyudhoM kI jagaha, 'rUpamaMDana' meM varNita haiN| dasa hAtha kI bhI kaI mUrtiyA~ dikhAI detI haiM, lekina unake lie zAstroM kA AdhAra nahIM miltaa| varada, abhaya aura yogamudrAyukta cAra hAthoM kI ye mudrAyeM vaikuMTha ke anya cAra AyudhoM kI jagaha haiM / isa mUrti ke nIce pRthvI devI hotI hai| jana syA KH COM zrI anaMta bhagavAna zrI vailokya mohana zrI trailokya bhagavAna (anyamata) harihara For Private And Personal Use Only

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viSNu (SNRE Sh baikuMTha . kRSNakAtikeya puruSottama vizvarUpa _ 'devatA mUrti prakaraNa' meM bIsa bhujA ke vizvarUpa ke AyudhoM meM bhI antara milatA hai| do hAthoM meM patA kA aura do hAtha yogamudrAyukta hote haiN| 4. vaikuMTha : _ 'rUpamaMDana' meM unheM cAra mukha aura pATha bhujA ke kahA gayA hai| dAyIM bhujA meM cakra, bANa, talavAra, gadA aura bAyIM bhujA meM zaMkha, DhAla, dhanuSa, kamala haiN| 'mAnasollAsa' aura 'viSNudharmottara' meM unheM cAra hAthoM ke kahA hai| ___ garur3a para savAra yaha mUrti sarvAlaMkAra yukta hotI hai| caturmukha-garur3Asana: ___ viSNu ke ye cAra svarUpa anaMta, trailokya mohana, vizvarUpa aura vaikuMTha kI suMdara mUrtiyA~ 'aparAjita','sUtradhAra', 'devatA mUrti prakaraNa' aura 'rUpamaMDana' ke varNana ke AdhAra para gujarAta aura rAjasthAna meM bahuta dekhI jAtI haiN| 'agnipurANa' yA viSNudharmottara' ke graMthoM ke pATha ke anusAra mUrtiyA~ zilpita abhI taka nahIM pAyI gyiiN| zeSazAyI viSNu : viSNu ko zayana pratimA zeSazAyI yA jalazAyI kahA jAtA hai| zeSanAga para zayana karane se zeSazAyI aura kSIrasAgara-jala meM zayana karane se unhe jalazAyI kahA hai / anaMta kAla taka zayana karane se ve anaMtazAyI bhI kahe gaye haiM / pRthvI ke uddhAra ke liye mahApralaya taka zeSa paryaka para unhoMne samudra-nivAsa kiyA, aisI purANoM meM kathA hai| kSIra samudra meM zeSazAyI bAyIM ora zayana karate haiN| mAthe para pAMca yA sAta phaNa, haiM, lakSmI jI para dabAtI haiN| cAroM bhujAoM meM, bAyIM mora zaMkha-cakra aura dAyIM ora gadA-padma dhAraNa kiye hote haiN| __ nAbhi kamala se udbhavita brahma stuti karate haiM / nAbhi-kamala ke kAraNa ve 'padmanAbha' kahe gaye haiM / kaI jagaha eka hAtha mAthe ke nIce rakhA huA milatA hai / kamalakI nAla meM madhu-kaMTabha nAmaka rAkSasa haiM aisA bhI kaI mUrtiyo meM pAyA jAtA hai| zeSazAyI bhagavAna kI mUrti ke cAroM ora devatA stuti karate haiN| AsapAsa RSi-muni, haMsArUr3ha brahmA, vRSArUr3ha umA-maheza Adi hote haiM, aisI mUrti meM nAbhi-kamala se nikalate brahmA nahIM hote haiN| brahmadeza meM jalazAyI mUrti ke nAbhi-kamala ke tIna vibhAga hokara Upara ke pakSa para brahmA, viSNu aura maheza hote haiN| lakSmI-nArAyaNa : garur3a para yA pAsana para baiThe hue viSNu kA dAyAM paira laTakatA hotA hai aura bAye paira para lakSmI jI virAjamAna hotI haiM, jinakA For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA COAHIS DO RE zeSazAyI viSNu dAyAM hAtha viSNu ke gale para AliMganayukta hotA hai aura bAyeM hAtha meM kamala hai| viSNu-nArAyaNa ke cAra hAtha hote haiN| uname zaMkha, padma, gadA aura cakra hote haiN| prAyudha ke sAtha hI unakA bAyAM hAtha lakSmIjI kI kamara para prAliMganayukta mudrA meM hotA hai| lakSmI-kezavakI mUrti bhI lakSmI-nArAyaNa jaisI hI hotI hai, lekina kezava ke Ayudha kama hote haiN| isI prakAra kI brahmA-sAvitrI aura umA-maheza kI yugala mUrtiyAM bhI dikhAI detI haiN| ina tInoM devoM kI khar3I paraspara prAliMganabaddha mUrtiyA~ bhI pAyI gaI haiN| aisI yugmamUrtiyA~ prAsAda ke pradakSiNA-mArga kI jaMghA meM yA deva-prAsAda ke bhadra ke gavAkSa meM milatI haiN| YS erAzA * ohhhduttjijshjkaardtnchurdnydryy hdd'hdd'hdd' hdd' hdd'bdd'sdd' yogezvara viSNu viSNu-lakSmI yogezvara ziva For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra viSNu 'viSNu ke svarUpa varNana ke aMta meM kahA gayA hai : namostvanaMtAya sahasramUrtaye, sahasra padAkSizirorubAhave / sahasra nAmne puruSAya zAzvate, sahasra koTi yuga dhAriNe namaH / www.kobatirth.org hajAroM svarUpavAle hajAroM caraNavAle, hajAroM nejavAle, hajAroM mastakabAle, hajAroM pairavAle hajAroM bAhubAle, aMta rahita, hajAroM nAmavAle, sahasra koTi yugoM kI dhAraNa karanevAle zAzvata parama puruSa ko namaskAra haiM / zAligrAma : jaise ziva kA avyakta svarUpa liMga hai, vaise hI viSNu kA pratIka zAligrAma hai| lekina jaise zivaliMga ke maMdira haiM, vaise zAligrAma ke svataMtra maMdira nahIM pAye jAte / zAligrAma gola capaTe hote haiN| cakra kI prAkRtivAle aura chidravAle bhI hote haiN| gaMDakI nadI se ve prApta hote haiN| zAligrAma kI zilA meM suvarNa kA aMza hone se use hiraNyagarbha bhI kahA jAtA hai| zAligrAma ke Upara aMkita cihna cakra, varNa Adi ke mAdhyama zAstrakAra pahacAna jAte haiM ki ve kauna se viSNu bhagavAna kA pratIka hai| zAligrAma jitanA choTA hotA hai, utanA hI vaha adhika pUjya mAnA jAtA hai| mahAbhAratI zAligrAma ke guNa-doSa usake cihna yA prakRti para se samajhe jAte haiN| zAligrAma kI pratiSThA karane kA niSedha hai| viSNumaMdira meM mUrti ke pAsa zaMkha aura zAligrAma donoM rakhe jAte haiM / rAmAnuja saMpradAya meM zAligrAma ke pUjana-arcana kI bar3I mahimA hai / garur3a : zrI viSNu kA vAhana garur3a hai| usake cAra bhujAeM hotI haiN| eka hAtha meM chata aura dUsare meM pUrNakuMbha hotA hai| do hAtha aMjalimudrAyukta hote haiM / usakA varNa marakata maNi-jaisA hotA hai| nAsikA zuka jaisI, usake paira giddha pakSI jaise hote haiN| use paMkha bhI hote haiM aura alaMkAroM se vaha vibhUSita hotA hai usakI mudrAruhAsana kI virAsana hotI hai| / viSNu prAyatana : kezava, vAsudeva, saMkarSaNa, pradyumna yA aniruddha ko madhya meM sthApana karake pUrva meM nArAyaNa, agnikoNa meM janArdana, dakSiNa meM puMDarIkAkSa / naiRtya meM padmanAtha, pazcima meM goviMda, vAyavya meM mAdhava, uttara meM madhusUdana aura IzAnyakoNa meM viSNu kI sthApanA kI jAtI hai| hanumaMta Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir agara madhya meM jalAzayI svarUpa rakhA jAya to agalabagala dazAvatAra rakhakara, varAha ko prathama rakhanA caahie| cAra dizA ke ATha pratihAra viSNu-pratihAra haiN| pUrva meM caMDa- pracaMDa, dakSiNa meM jaya-vijaya, pazcima meM ghAtA vidhAtA aura uttara meM bhadrasubhadra haiN| ye AThoM vAmanAkAra banAne caahie| unake prAyudha isa prakAra haiM : tarjanI, zaMkha, cakra, daMDa, padma, kheTaka gadA, khar3aga, bANa, dhanuSa / lakSmaNa 109 rAma sItA For Private And Personal Use Only bharata zrIzrAryA

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aGga : aSTAdazam maheza-ziva-rudra ziva yA rudra ke aneka nAma haiN| ye nAma vividha kathAnaka se Aye haiN| saMhitAoM aura upaniSadoM meM ye AkhyAyikAe~ dI gaI haiM aura unhIM ke AdhAra para unakA nAmAbhidhAna kiyA gayA hai / vedoM meM bhI unake svarUpa kA varNana hai| Site D el umA pArvatI ziva-yogAsana pRthvI,aMtarikSa aura dyau ye tIna jinakI mAtAe~ haiM, ve nyabaka kahe gaye / atharva veda meM bhava, zarvA, pazupati, ugra, rudra, mahAdeva, bhIma aura IzAna ye ATha nAma ziva ke batAye gaye haiN| puSparAja gaMdharva ke mahimna stotra meM bhI yahI ATha nAma diye gaye hai| usameM IzAna ko IzAna koNa ke digpAla ke rUpa meM bhI liyA gayA hai| yo to zivajI ke hajAroM nAma haiM, lekina amara koza meM 48 nAma diye gaye haiN| For Private And Personal Use Only

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maheza-ziva-ruddha 111 aMdhakAsUra vadha naTarAja For Private And Personal Use Only

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112 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA aitareya aura zatapatha brAhmaNa meM kathA hai ki kanyA ke sAtha gamanArtha prajApati ne mRga kA svarUpa dhAraNa kiyA aura usake pIche daur3a taba rudra ne pazupati kA rUpa lekara prajApati ke pAMcaveM mukha kA bANa se vadha kiyaa| isaliye ve pazupati ke nAma se pahacAne jAte haiN| tripura dAha kathAnaka meM asuroM ke tIna nagaroM kA nAza karake asuroM ko rudra ne mAra bhgaayaa| aisI kathA saMhitA aura brAhmaNa graMthoM meM hai| atharva veda meM rudra ko aMdhaka ghAtina kA vizeSaNa diyA gayA hai| usameM aMdhakAsura ke vadha kI kathA kA bIja hai|| vedoM kI racanA ke kAla ke pahale zivapUjA hotI thii| prAgaitihAsika kAla meM ziva kA svarUpa niraMjana-nirAkAra thA, ve smazAna meM rahate aura vahA~kI bhasma zarIra para lagAte the| muMDamAlA dhAraNa kiye,khopar3I meM bhikSA grahaNa karake bhUta-pretAdi ke saMga rahate the| sapoM ko alaMkAra ke rUpa meM dhAraNa kiye ye zivajI mahAyogI se bhI bar3hakara the| unake aise AcAra se anAryoM ne unako deva ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyaa| bAda meM dravir3a saMskRti meM bhI unako svIkAra kiyA gayA / Arya aura anArya ke ghora virodha ke bAvajUda rudra ke inhIM tyAgamaya guNoM ke kAraNa pAryoM ne bhI rudra ko svIkAra kiyA hai| pazcima ke kaI loga zivajI ko gaMde deva kahate haiN| lekina ve alpajJa aura ajJAnI loga rudra ke svarUpa ko ThIka samajha nahIM ske| hamAre devadeviyA~ kaI guNoM ke pratIka samajhe jAte haiM / rudra bhI isI prakAra ke deva hai : tyAgI, nirlobhI, nirlepa / apanI nisvArtha vRtti evaM bholepana ke kAraNa hI ve mahAdeva kahalAte haiN| deva ho yA daitya bhakti se prasanna hokara, varadAna dete samaya zaMkara ko jagata barAbara lagatA thaa| samudramaMthana se nikAlA huA halAhala viSa kauna pIye? jagata ke bhale ke liye isa halAhala viSa kA pAna karake ve nIlakaMTha bne| __ rudra-ziva ke pratIka liMga kI pUjA, mUrti-pUjA ke prAraMbha kAla kI pUjA hai| taba niraMjana nirAkAra kI pUjA ke lie liMga-pUjA kA prAraMbha huaa| sRSTi sarjana meM prajotpatti Avazyaka hone kI vajaha se prakRti aura puruSa kI mAnyatA paidA huii| prakRti mAyA tathA strI-yonI hai| madhyaeziyA meM prakRti aura puruSa ko Adama aura havA ke nAma se pUjA jAtA thaa| eziyA aura yorapa meM yaha pUjA pracalita thii| yorapa ke kaI dezoM meM paMdrahavIM sadI taka yaha prathA pracalita thii| isIliye vahA~ liMga ke avazeSa milate haiN| iMglaMnDa, phrAMsa, iTalI, norve prAdi dezoM meM aura amerikA ke meksiko meM liMgapUjA ke prAcIna avazeSa milate haiN| (sajIva) sRSTi yoni aura liMga ke sahayoga se hI utpanna hotI hai| jagata ke utpattikartA kA sarvazreSTha pratIka sayoni-liMga hai| isIliye kartA kA sarvazreSTha pratIkapIThikA yukta zivaliMga kI pUjA binA jhijhaka hone lgii| isa prakAra liMgapUjA kA prAraMbha huaa| lekina vaiSNava saMpradAya meM maryAdA ke kAraNa liMga kI jagaha zAligrAma ko dI gii| phira bhI vaha liMgapUjA itanI vyApaka nahIM huI kyoM ki zaiva saMpradAya ke prAcaraNa meM saralatA bahuta hai lekina vaiSNava saMpradAya ke prAcAra bahuta hI kaThora haiN| ziva ke bhakta varga meM bahuta se vidvAna hue| ina bhakta gaNoM meM pAzupata, lakuliza, kApAlika, kAlamukha, vIra zaiva, Adi hue| ve tattvajJAnI aura graMthakAra the| lakuliza ziva kA 28 meM avatAra manAte hai| zivapUjA ke do prakAra haiM / vyakta aura abyakta / vyakta -- zivamUrti aura avyakta -shivliNg| bhArata meM sabhI jagaha ye do prakAra pracalita haiM / lekina dravir3a meM zivapUjA kA pracAra vizeSa hai| tIsarA prakAra hai, vyaktAvyakta / liMga aura tIna yA pA~ca mukha kI pUjA ko vyaktAvyakta prakAra kahate haiN| prathama prakAra : vyakta : ziva ke bhinna bhinna svarUpa kahe gaye haiN| mUrti ke bhinna-bhinna prakAra haiN| unakI mUrti ko cAra, chaH, pATha, dasa, bAraha yA vizeSa bhujAyukta bhI batAyA gayA hai| vizeSa bhujAnoM ke ekAdaza aura dvAdaza svarUpa kahe gaye hai| sadyojAta, vAmadeva, aghora, tatpuruSa aura IzAna, ina paMcamukhoM ke alAvA mRtyuMjaya, vijaya, kiraNAkSa, aghorAkSa, zrIkaMTha, mahAdeva, sadAziva Adi nAma bhI milate haiN| dravir3a meM ziva kI prAsaMgika lIlAoM para se aThArA svarUpa banAyA haiN| sukhAsana, somaskaMdha, caMdrazekhara, vRSArUDha nRtyamUrti, gaMgAdhara, tripurAntaka, kalyANamUrti, ardhanArIzvara, bhaghnamUrti pAzupata, kaMkAla, harihara, bhikSATana, gaNezAnugraha, dakSiNAmUrti kAlAri, liMgodava, zrIpaMcAzrIpaMcAdhara lalATa tilaka, Adi kI dravir3a pradeza meM mUrtiyA~ pUjI jAtI hai| dUsarA prakAra : avyakta-liMga avyakta, vaise to liMga svarUpa meM vyakta hI hai, para usakA svarUpa nirAdhAra-laMbagola hone se use dUsare prakAra meM liyA gayA hai| bhArata kI pavitra nadiyoM meM liMga milate haiN| haradvAra meM gaMgA, aura gaMDakI, narmadA prabhAsa Adi meM bhI milate haiN| ina pavitra nadiyoM meM hajAroM sAla se bahate bahate svAbhAvika rUpa se ve laMbagola bana jAte haiN| zilpazAstroM meM aise hajAro liMgo meM se unakI parIkSA karake bANa liMga grahaNa karane kA Adeza hai| amuka varNa kA aura usameM amuka prakAra ke raMga ke chiTake-TipakevAlA kukuTa ke aMDe ke AkAra kA bANaliMga zubha mAnA jAtA hai| zeSa azubha mAne jAte haiN| zubha lakSaNa vAle bANaliMga kI parIkSA isa prakAra kI jAtI hai| liMga kA eka bAra vajana karake dUsarI aura tIsarI bAra bhI vajana For Private And Personal Use Only

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maheza-ziva-za 113 PM AMPITITLEM PARAMHITI HauANJHANIHING UPTHDANAINA Lathain.IIIILILali HASAINTIMIMITAaitali IMDISHIMilinh IPMADNIOnhit BHIMMITLahanipan LamsunuTHIMIL thiMILIMIRMIm MUNANILIHAR JIRDDHAHARITTENT E NTIANE sukSAkRta ECORR HARM 1. jAma 6--24 lAla - rAjaliMga sahasraliMga dhArAliMga rAjaliMga kA svarUpa vibhAga karanA caahie| tInoM bAra vajana alaga-alaga ho to use zubha mAnanA cAhie kyoMki 'tulA sAmya va jaayte'| jisa se tola sarIkhe na hoM use grahaNa karake pUjana karanA cAhie / jaba ki sarIkhe tola vAle ko tyAjya batAyA gayA hai| cAra hAtha (ATha phiTa) taka ke maMdira ko zivAlaya mAnA jAtA hai| usameM bANaliMga kI sthApanA karanI caahie| cAra hAtha se bar3e prAsAdoM meM rAjaliMga (ghaTita liMga, ghATayaliMga, manuSya liMga) kI sthApanA karanI caahie| bANaliMga ke bAda rAjaliMga pAtA hai| e sAbha. kettu Lon samagade 90 prati mAnuSalima-rAjaliMga kA vibhAga aura zirovartana sasamAdhi For Private And Personal Use Only

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114 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA manuSya-zilpI ne jise banAyA hai, use manuSyaliMga kahate haiN| use prAsAda ke pramANa se banAyA jAtA hai| rAjaliMga kI laMbAI se tIsare bhAga kI caur3AI karanI caahie| rAjaliMga kI U~cAI ke tIna bhAga karane caahie| nIce ke caurasa bhAga ko brahmabhAga, madhya ke aSTakoNa bhAga ko viSNubhAga aura Upara ke gola bhAga ko ziva bhAga kahate haiM / brahmabhAga bhUmi meM, viSNubhAga jalAdhArI meM aura UparI zivabhAga pragaTa rahatA hai| PME it.e.1 - AdhAra camAra savaya japamA prabana Motianit-paki vyaktAvyakta-mukhaliMga garbhagRha deva sthApana vibhAga krama rAjaliMga yA ghaTitaliMga meM zaliMga, sahasraliMga aura dhArAliMga kI prAkRti bhI hotI hai| arthAta usa meM choTe-choTe liMga bhI dikhAye jAte haiN| rAjaliMga kA pramANa eka hAtha se nau hAtha taka kA hotA hai / nau hAtha se bar3e liMga devAlaya meM nahIM, khule moTe para sthApita karake pUjane ko kahA hai| navaratnaliMga, saptadhAtu, pASANaliMga, kASTaliMga Adi ke mApa-pramANa kahe gaye haiN| devAlaya ke mApoM ke pramANa se liMga kA pramANa hotA hai| cauthA prakAra : vyaktAvyakta : vyaktAvyakta mUla liMga ko kahate haiN| liMga ke Upara eka, tIna, cAra yA pA~ca mukha kI AkRti banAI jAtI hai| lekina paMcamukha ke liMga kvacit hI milate haiN| ziva ke avatAra samAna lakuliza kI mUrti do hajAra sAla pahale dikhAI dI thii| U~ce liMga ke agale bhAga meM baiThe hue lakuliza bhAga bhagavAna ke eka hAtha meM daMDa aura dUsare hAtha meM bIjAre, mAthe para jaTA aura goda meM urdhvaliMgayukta mUrtiyAM bhI dikhAI detI haiN| lakulizajI ne ziva kA pAzupata saMpradAya calAyA thaa| ve mUla gujarAta ke baDode ke pAsa karavaNa (kAyAvarohaNa) ke the, lekina unakA saMpradAya dravir3a meM bahuta phailA / unhoMne Agama graMtha bhI likhe hai| pASANa parIkSA liMga aura mUrtiyoM ke pASANa kI parIkSA kaisI karanI cAhie usakA varNana zilpagraMthoM meM diyA gayA hai| tIna prakAra kI parIkSA isa prakAra hai: 1. eka hI varNa kI (raMga kI) nakkara, cIkaTa zilA jisakI AvAja kAzI ke ghaMTa-sI ho, vaha pullig'| 2. tAMbe kA kAMziye-jaisI tIkSNa AvAjavAlI zilA strIliMga, paura3. jisameM koI AvAja hI na ho, vaha napuMsaka zilA samajhanI caahie| For Private And Personal Use Only

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maheza-ziva- 115 napuMsaka zilA maMdiroM ke nirmANa kArya meM lI jAtI hai| rAjaliMga aura devapratimA puMlliga zilA se aura deviyoM kI mUrtiyAM jalAdhArI strIliMga zilA se banAyI jAtI haiN| ziva kI vyakta pratimAoM meM mukhya bAraha svarUpa uttara bhArata meM pUje jAte haiM / dakSiNa bhArata meM unake aThAraha svarUpa pUje jAte haiN| lekina unameM zivajI ke bahuta se prAsaMgika rUpa bhI hai| 1. sadyojAta 9. aghorAstra 2. vAmadeva 6. mRtyuMjaya 10. zrIkaMTha 3. aghora 7. vijaya 11. sadAziva 4. tatpuruSa 8. kiraNAkSa . 12. dvAdaza kalA saMpUrNa mUrti sadAziva 1. sadyojAta : zvetavarNa / tIna zveta netra, zveta lepana, sara para jaTAbhAra meM bAlendu, tIna netra, saumya mukha kuMDala se alaMkRta / do hAtho meM varada aura abhaya mudrA dhAraNa kI huI hotI hai| 2. vAmadeva : rakta vastra, tIna rakta netra, jaTA para caMdra, sIdhI sarala nAsikA, raktAdi sarva AbhUSaNa, hAtha meM khaDga aura DhAlatalavAra hote haiN| 3. aghora : bhayaMkara dAMtovAlA muMha, zira para sarpa, tIna netra, nara muMDamAlA yukta galA, kAnoM meM sarpa ke kedUra kunDala hAra, upavIta, kaTisUna Adi meM sarpa-bicchU kI mAlA rahatI hai| nIla kamala-jaisA varNa, pIlI jaTA meM caMdra dhAraNa kiyA hotA hai| takSaka aura muSTika nAmaka sarpa ke nUpura pairoM meM dhAraNa kiye hote haiN| kAla jaise mahAbalavAna 'aghora' ko pATha bhujAyeM rahatI haiN| dAyeM hAthoM meM khaTavAMga, kapAla, DhAla aura pAtra rahate haiN| bAyeM hAthoM meM trizUla, parazu, khaDga aura daMDa dhAraNa kiye hote haiN| 4. tatpuruSa : pIle vastra, yajJopavIta, bAyeM hAtha meM akSamAlA aura dAyeM meM bIjora hote haiN| 5. IzaH sphaTika-jaisA zveta varNa, jaTA meM caMdra, tIna netra, trizUla aura kapAla (khappara) dhAraNa kiyA hotA hai| 6. mRtyuMjaya : khopar3I kI mAlA dhAraNa kI hotI hai| ati zveta varNa, mukuTa meM caMdra dhAraNa kiyA hotA hai| vyAghra carma yukta, sarpa ke AbhUSaNoM se alaMkRta, dAyeM hAtha meM trizUla aura mAlA aura bAyeM meM kapAlakuMDI tathA yogamudrA hotI hai| ye mRtyu ko jItane vAle haiN| 7. vijaya : eka mukha, tIna netra, mukuTa meM caMdra, dAyeM hAthoM meM trizUla aura kamala tathA bAyeM hAthoM meM varada aura abhaya mudrA hotI hai| divyarUpavAlA yaha svarUpa bar3A prabhAvazAlI hai| 8. kiraNAkSa : cAra mahAbAhuproM meM pustaka, abhaya, varada aura mAlA hotI hai| tIna netravAle isa svarUpa ke hAtha, paira maura A~kheM zvetavarNa kI hotI haiN| 9. aghorAstra : khaDga aura trizUla yukta, jvAlA-jaise mahAkrodhI, mAyA ke rcyitaa| Anape CLICK agnideva zIvamInAkSI vivAha brahmA pArvatI For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 116 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA 10. zrIkaMTha : vicitra vastra aura yajJopavIta yukta yaha mahA IzAna vicitra aizvayaM se vibhUSita, sarvAlaMkArayukta haiN| inheM eka mukha hai| cAra bhujAoM meM khaDga, dhanuSya-bANa aura DhAla dhAraNa kiye hote haiN| mukuTa meM caMdra hai / 11. sadAziva inake tIna netra, aura cAra bhujAeM hotI haiN| dAyeM hAthoM meM pUrNa amRta kuMbha hotA hai vAkI hAthoM meM kuMbha ghora mAlA hotI hai| mahA aizvarya dene vAle ye ekAdaza meM rudra mAne jAte haiN| 12. dvAdaza kalA saMpUrNa mUrti sadAziva: padmAsana meM baiThe hue, do hAtha yogAsana mudrA meM hote haiN| unake pA~ca mukha hote haiM / dAyeM hAthoM meM abhaya, zakti, trizUla, khaTvAMga aura bAyeM hAthoM meM sarpa, mAlA, DamarU, tathA bIjora hote haiN| tIna netra hote haiN| ye icchAjJAna aura jJAna ke sAgara rUpa haiM / uttara bhArata meM yaha dvAdaza rudra bahuta pracalita haiM / kaI graMthoM meM ekAdaza svarUpa bhI diye gaye haiM / 'rUpamaMDana' meM ziva ke anya svarUpa bhI diye haiN| ve isa prakAra haiN| : 1. 2. www.kobatirth.org ahirbuddha virupAkSa 2. 4. bahurUpa sadAziva, aura tryaMbaka Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 'aparAjita sUtra' meM vaidyanAtha mUrti svarUpa bhI ziva ke hI svarUpa varNana meM sammilita kiyA gayA haiM / 1. ahirbuddha :-- dAyeM hAthoM meM UparI krama se gadA, sarpa, cakra, DamarU, mugdara, trizUla, aMkuza aura mAlA hotI hai| bAyeM hAthoM meM tomara, paTTiza, DhAla, kapAla, ghaMTA, zakti, parazu aura tarjanImudrA hotI hai| isa prakAra solaha hAthoM ke Ayudha varNita haiN| 2. bahurUpa sadAziva: dAyeMgIce hAthoM meM DamarU, sudarzana, sarpa, trizUla, aMkuza, kuMbha, gadA, japamAlA dhaura bAyeM hAthoM meM Upara se nIce ke krama meM ghaMTA, kapAla, khaTvAMga, tarjanImudrA, kuMDikA, dhanuSa, parazu aura paTTiza dhAraNa kiye hote haiM / 3. virupAkSa :-- dAyIM mATha bhujAnoM meM khaDga, trizUla, DamarU, aMkuza, sarpa, cakra, gadA, aura mAlA dhAraNa kI huI haiN| bAyeM ATha hAthoM meM DhAla, khaTvAMga, zakti, parazu, tarjanImudrA, kuMbha, ghaMTA aura kapAla / saba milAkara solaha prAyudha varNita haiN| 4. paMcaka :-- dAyeM nIce hAthoM meM krama se cakra, DamarU, mugdara, dhanuSa, trizula, aMkuza, DhAla, mAlA aura bAyeM hAthoM meM Upara se gadA, khaTvAMga, pAtra, dhanuSa, tarjanImudrA, kuMbha, parazu aura pttttish| isa prakAra 16 Ayudha hote haiN| 5. vaMdyanAtha mUrti :-kSIra samudra meM amRta rUpa, viSa ko harAnevAle, sarvaM aizvarya denevAle, dAridra aura kaSTa ko naSTa karane vAle, dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa denevAle, muktAmaMDala se zobhita ye deva tare hue kaMpana-jaise varNa ke hote haiN| sarva prAbhUSaNoM se maMDita aura prabhAmaMDala se zobhita yaha svarUpa trinetrI hai| usakI jaTA meM caMdra zobhA de rahA hai / vyAghracarma zror3he hue, zveta varNaM kI saumyapUrti ko nAga kI yajJopavIta hotI hai usake hAthoM meM vizUla, mAlA, kapAla (kuMDikA) hote haiM karor3a sUrya sama rojavAle padmAsanayukta vaidyanAtha zakti aura Arogya ke deva haiM / saMyukta pratimAe~ (1) umA-mahezvara zivajI kI goda meM bAyIM ghora baiThI huI umA ko zivajI ke bAyeM hAtha kA mAliyana hai| ziva ke dAyeM hAthoM meM bIjorU aura trizUla hai| bAyeM hAtha meM sarpa hai| umA kA eka hAtha zivajI ke skaMdha para AliMgana yukta hai| tathA dUsare hAtha meM darpaNa hai| unakI mUrti ke nIce vRSabha kumAra (kArtika vAhana) aura gaNeza haiN| (2) harihara pitAmaha: eka pITha para, eka zarIra meM, hari, hara aura pitAmaha viSNu, ziva aura brahmA tInoM ke, sarva lakSaNa sAtha meM hI spaSTa haiN| cAra mukha, chaH bhujA, dAyeM hAthoM meM mAlA, trizUla aura gadA tathA bAyeM hAthoM meM kamaMDala, khaTvAMga, aura cakra dhAraNa kiye hue haiN| garur3a, naMdI aura haMsa ke vAhana haiN| (3) harihara mUrti : harihara mUrti meM dAyIM ora ziva aura bAyIM ora hRSikeza ke Ayudha varadamudrA, trizUla, cakra aura kamala hai | nIce dAyIM bAjU vRSabha-naMdI aura bAyIM ora garur3a kA vAhana hai| zveta- nIla varNa hai| yaha viSNu tathA ziva kA saMyukta svarUpa hai / (4) ardhanArIzvara : isa meM bAyA~ ardha deha stanayukta umA kA hai| eka kAna meM tADapatra, aura dUsare kAna meM kuMDala, eka ora maNikayukta mukuTa aura dUsarI ora jaTAmukuTa hai| bAyIM ora strI (umA) svarUpa hai, jisa meM sarva zrAbhUSaNa hai| dAyIM ora puruSa rUpa ziva haiM / unake dAyeM hAthoM meM trizUla aura mAlA hai tathA bAyeM hAtha meM meM darpaNa aura gaNeza haiN| kaTimekhalA yukta yaha svarUpa ziva ne brahmA kI sRSTi ke sarjana ke samaya dikhAyA thA / (5) kRSNa-zaMkara mUrti: yaha kRSNa aura zaMkara kA saMyukta svarUpa hotA hai / bAyIM ora kRSNa mukuTadhArI hote haiM tathA dAyIM mora zivajI jaTAmukuTayukta hote haiN| dAyeM kAna meM kuMDala aura bAyeM kAna meM makara kuMDala hotA haiM / dAyeM hAtha meM mAlA aura trizUla tathA bAyeM hAtha meM cakra aura zaMkha dhAraNa kiye hote haiN| (6) harihara hiraNyagarbha cAra mukha, mATha bhujA yukta yaha svarUpa viSNu aura ziva aura brahmA kA saMyukta svarUpa hai| dAyeM hAthoM For Private And Personal Use Only

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maheza-ziva-vana 117 E AARAN CRIM umA-mahezvara kiraNAkSa ziva ardhanArIzvara meM ziva ke kamala, khaTvAMga, trizUla, aura DamarU hai aura bAyeM hAtha meM kamaMDala, mAlA, zaMkha aura cakra haiM / sarva kAma aura phala dene vAle hiraNyagarbha kA yaha svarUpa hai| (7) caMdrAkrapitAmaha : yaha sUrya, caMdra aura brahmA kA saMyukta svarUpa hai| ise cha: bhujAe~ aura cAra mukha hote haiM / ve sarva prAbhUSaNoM se alaMkRta hote hai| UparI do hAthoM meM kamala aura bAkI donoM hAthoM meM kamaMDala tathA mAlA hotI hai| (8) zrI hara mati : pAMca mukha, tIna netra aura ATha bhujAvAle isa svarUpa ke dAyeM hAthoM meM varada, aMkuza, daMta aura pharasI rahatI hai| bAyeM hAthoM meM kamala, mAlA, cakra aura gadA rahate haiN| harirudra aura gaNezazvara ke vAhana vRSabha aura mUSaka haiM, jo sarva artha evaM kAma ke sAdhana rUpa haiN| (9) zizupAlayukta tripurAntaka : ye eka mukha aura daza hAtha yukta, siMha carmavAle, yajJa dharma kArya ke deva haiN| lAla vastra, aura koTi sUrya-jaise tejavAle haiN| inake jaTA-mukuTa meM candra dhAraNa kiyA huA hai| muMDamAlAyukta svarUpa ke hAthoM meM khaTvAMga, DhAla, divya khappara, trizUla, tumbara, dhanuSa-bANa, sAraMga, pAza aura aMkuza hote haiN| kuMDaloM se alaMkRta ziva nRtya meM gola ghUmate dikhAI dete haiN| (10) nRtyazivaH tape hue svarNa ke samAna varNavAle ina ziva ko Udhrva keza hote haiN| hAra, keyUra, bhujaMga aura sarpa ke alaMkAra se zobhita isa mUrti ke hAtha laMbe hote haiM / vyAghracarmayukta hote hue bhI nRtya ke kAraNa yaha mUrti saumya lagatI hai| ziva ke bAyeM hAthoM meM DhAla, kapAla, nAga, khaTvAMga, varadamudrA tathA dAyeM hAthoM meM zakti, daMDa, trizUla aura do hAthoM se nRtya kI mudrA hotI hai| gaja carmayukta ina nRtya ziva ke dasa hAtha haiN| (11) vipuradAha ziva-pratimA : ise solaha hAtha haiN| Upara batAye dasa hAthoM ke AyudhoM ke alAvA cha: anya Ayudha isa prakAra haiN| zaMkha, cakra, gadA, zIMga, ghaMTA aura dhanuSa-bANa unake hAthoM meM hote haiN| (12) ziva-nArAyaNa : bAyIM ora mAdhava aura dAyIM ora trizUlapANi hote haiN| bAyIM ora maNibaMdha se vibhUSita hAtha meM zaMkha, cakra (yA cakra ke sthAna para gadA bhI) hote haiN| sarva pApoM kA nAza karanevAlA yaha svarUpa hai / dAyIM pora jaTA aura usameM ardha-caMdra sarpa ke hAravalada hote hai / dAyeM hAthoM meM varadamudrA aura trizUla dhAraNa kiye hote haiN| (13) vIrezvara : sAtamAtRkA kI mUrti meM prathama gaNeza aura aMta meM vIrezvara kI mUrti hotI hai| hAtha meM vINA aura trizUla dhAraNa kiyA hotA hai / vRSA rUr3ha ke sara para jaTAmukuTa hotA hai| (14) cadrakezava : yaha ziva aura viSNu kA saMyukta svarUpa hai / paira ke pAsa lakSmI aura gaurI kI choTI mUrtiyAM hotI haiM / bAyA~ hA bhI) hote haiN| sarva pApobhAra nizUlapANi hote haiN| bAra ke hAravalada hote For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 118 SHIY zivanArAyaNa zija www.kobatirth.org hariharaya nATayeza ziva paira zeSanAga para aura dAyA~ paira kUrma kI pITha para hotA hai| hAthoM meM zaMkha, cakra, gadA aura veda dhAraNa kiye hote haiN| (15) paMcavakra ziva : devoM ke bhI deva mahAdeva isameM vRSabhArUr3ha haiM / pA~co mukha meM dakSiNa kA mukha vikaTa hai bAkI sabhI mukha saumya haiM / khopar3iyoM kI mAlA pahane hue ziva jagata meM duSToM kA saMhAra karate hai| uttara dizA ke mukha ke sivA zeSa cAroM mukhoM meM tInatIna netra haiM / sara ke jaTAmukuTa meM caMdrakalA hai / dasa bAhu haiM / dAyeM hAthoM meM mAlA, trizula, DhAla, daMDa, aura kamala haiN| bAyeM hAthoM meM bIjorU, bANa, kamaMDala, carma aura trizUla dhAraNa kiye haiN| harihara [pitAmaha bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA yogezvara viSNu

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maheza-ziva-rudra 119 (16) bakSiNAmUrti : IzAna koNa ke digpAla IzA haiN| zveta kamala para baiThe hue ve zveta varNa ke hote hai| dakSiNAmUrti ke bAyeM hAtha meM sarva Agama kI pustaka hotI hai| UparI hAthoM meM, sudhA-kuMbha hai| bAyeM hAtha mudrA pratipAdana karate haiM / dAyeM UparI hAtha meM sapheda mAlA hotI hai| dakSiNAmUrti kA dUsarA svarUpa jJAna koTi kA hai| vaha yogAsana meM hotA hai| cAra bhujAnoM meM jJAnamudrA, akSamAlA, kamala paura abhaya mudrA dhAraNa kI huI hotI haiM / nIce agala-bagala agastya aura prAmastya do RSi tathA donoM bAju umA haiM / dUsare eka prakAra meM vyAkhyAna mudrA, rUkSamAlA, amRtaghaTa aura daMDa dhAraNa kiyA hotA hai| (17) brahmazAna janArdana (harihara pitAmaha ): sUrya, brahmA, viSNu aura ziva ina cAro devoM kA saMyukta svarUpa hai| cAra mukha tathA ATha bhujAyukta isa svarUpa ke bIca meM sUrya hotA hai| usake do hAthoM meM kamala hotA hai| dakSiNa meM ziva kA mukha hotaa| unake hAthoM meM khaTvAMga aura trizUla rahatA hai| pazcima meM brahmA kA mukha rahatA hai| unake hAthoM meM kamaMDala aura mAlA rahatI hai| bAyIM bhora viSNu mukha hotA hai| unake hAthoM meM zaMkha-cakra prAyudha rahate haiN| dravir3a meM ziva ke prAsaMgika svarUpa bhI diye gaye haiM / 'kAzyapa zilpa' meM unake 18 svarUpa aura lakSaNa vaNita kiye gaye haiN| 1. sukhAsana 10. gajahArImUrti (do bheda) 2. umAskaMdha 11. pazupati 3. caMdrazekhara 12. kaMkAla mati 4. vRSabha vAhana mUrti 13. harihara 5. nRtya ziva (nRtya mUrti ke nau bheda) 14. bhikSATana 6. gaMgAdhara 15. caMDezAnugraha 7. tripurAntaka (usake ATha bheda) 16. dakSiNAmUrti (tIna bheda) 8. kalyANamUrti 17. kAlahAmUrti 9. ardhanArIzvara 18. liMgodbhava inameM se kaI svarUpoM ke varNana isa prakAra haiM : 1. sukhAsana : umA ke sAtha baiThe hue maheza kA svarUpa / 6. gaMgAdhara : ugra tapazcaryA se bhagIratha gaMgA ko pRthvI para le aaye| unakA prabala vega dhAraNa karane ke lie unhoMne zaMkara jI ko HD naTarAja gajahArI ziva For Private And Personal Use Only

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120 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA prasanna kiyaa| zaMkara ne gaMgA kA garva haraNa karane ke liye unheM apanI jaTA meM utAra liyA isIliye ve gaMgAdhara khlaaye| 7. bipurAntaka: tripurAsura ke putra devatAoM ko bahuta vAsa dete the| taba zaMkara ne unakA saMhAra kiyaa| isaliye ve tripurAntaka khlaaye| 9. ardhanArIzvara : prajA-utpatti kA kAma vidhivat na hone se brahmAne ziva kA dhyAna lgaayaa| isaliye ardhanArIzvara ke rUpa meM ziva pragaTa hue| 10. gajahArImUrti : kAzI meM kaI brAhmaNa zivaliMga kA pUjana karate the| eka rAkSasa hAthI kA rUpa lekara una brAhmaNoM ko trAsa dete the| taba liMga meM se pragaTa hokara zaMkara ne usa gajAsura kA vadha kiyaa| isaliye ve gajAsura mardana, gajahArI kahalAye / 12. kaMkAla mUrti : jagatotpatti ke bAre meM brahmadeva ke sAtha ziva kA vAda-vivAda huaa| usameM ziva ne bhairava ko brahmA kA pAMcavA mastaka ur3A dene kA Adeza diyaa| aura isa brahmahatyA ke pApa ke nivAraNa ke liye ve kAzI gye| unako vahA~ pApa se yukti milii| ve hI kaMkAla mUrti bne| 14. bhikSATana : dAruvana meM strI aura bAlaka tapa karate the taba zivajI ne kurUpa aura nagna svarUpa dhAraNa kara ke jaMgala meM bhikSA maaNgii| isaliye ve bhikSATana khlaaye| 16. vakSiNAmUrti : ziva ke yoga aura jJAna kI pravINatA dikhAnevAlI mUrti dakSiNAmUrti haiN| lalATatilaka mudrA : eka paira Upara mAthe taka lalATa meM tilaka karatI huI mudrA meM hotA hai| eka hAtha varadamudrA meM aura dUsare hApa se mastaka kI pora pAda-grahaNa kI mudrA hotI hai| aisI mUrti dakSiNa ke mInAkSI aura kAMjIvaram ke kailAsa maMdira meM hai| uttara bhArata meM aisI mUrtiyA~ nahIM miltii| ziva kI saMyukta mUrtiyAM isa prakAra haiM : 1. ardha nArIzvara : strI-puruSa kA saMyukta rUpa / 2. umA-maheza : zivajI ke bAyeM paira para umA baiThI haiN| 3. harihara : ziva, viSNu ke sAtha, anurUpa Ayudha meM / 4 se 8. harihara pitAmaha, caMdrArdha pitAmaha, zivanArAyaNa, sUrya harihara pitAmaha bhaura caMDa bhairava prAdi saMyukta mUrtiyoM meM darzAye hue deva ke bhinna-bhinna prAyudha hote haiN| - HIS CRUITED PPEEDBI NGO lalATatilaka ziva draviDa-bhikSATana ziva For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #156
maheza-ziva-rudra 121 bhairava bhairava ziva kA hI svarUpa hai| purANakAroM ne usakI utpatti kI aneka AkhyAyikAyeM dI haiN| bhairava kI upAsanA pichar3e varga ke samAja meM pracalita hai| 64 bhairava kI kalpanA karmakANDI zAstra, dharmazAstra aura 'rudrayAmala' graMtha meM dI hai| kSetrapAla aura bhairava ye do minna-bhinna svarUpa haiM / kSetrapAla ko niRti, naiRtya vidizA ke dikpAla bhI kahA hai| bhairava ke svarUpa meM baTuka bhairava, svacchaMda bhairava, svarga karSaNa, caMDa, rudra, krodha, asitAMga, unmatta, kapAla, bhISaNa, saMhAra, vizAlAkSa virU, muMDamarala, bhUmikatho, zazibhUSaNa, kAlAgni Adi 64 nAma aura svarUpa kahe gaye haiN| 'apAjita sUtra meM svacchaMda bhairava ke 50 hAtha tathA 21 tAla kI virATa mUrti kA svarUpa diyA hai| kSetrapAla : muMDamAlA kI upavita dhAraNa kiye, inakA UrdhvakezI aura nagna svarUpa hotA hai| bAyeM hAtha meM kArtika aura Damaru tathA bAyeM hAthoM meM trizUla aura kapAla (khopar3I pAtra) hotA hai / mukuTa meM sarpa aura muMDa hotA hai| kutte kA vAhana hotA hai| ke svarUpa meM baTuka ma kAlAgni Adi 6 ko virATa mUrti kA hai| bAyeM hAtha MA (mA kSetrapAla bhairava caMDa bhairava : bhayaMkara mukha, dasa hAtha, muMDamAlA dhAraNa kiye, gajacarma se maMDita caMDa bhairava ke dAyeM hAthoM meM trizUla, khaDga, zakti, aMkuza aura varada mudrA rahatI hai| bAyeM hAthoM meM khaTvAMga, DhAla, dhanuSa, abhaya aura kapAla (pAtra) hote haiN| baTuka bhairava : sphaTika-jaise varNa ke, bAlasvarUpa do bhujA, zikhaMDI aura kamala dhAraNa kiye haiN| paira meM kaMkaNa-nUpura aura ha~satA mukha hotA hai| ucchiSTha bhairava : zyAma varNa, tIna locana, cAra hAtha jinameM gadA, trizUla, Damaru aura pAna dhAraNa kiye hote haiN| __ kAla bhairava : sarpa kA yajJopavIta, jaTA meM caMdra, nagna svarUpa, nIlakaMTha, zyAma varNa, tIna netra aura muMDamAlA dhAraNa kiye hue kAla bhairava ke dAyeM hAthoM meM kamala, sarpa, mAlA aura trizUla aura bAyeM hAthoM meM nizUla, TaMka, pAza aura daMDa hote haiN| ye bhUta rUpa ke nAyaka aura praSTa siddhi ke dAtA mAne gaye haiN| mArtaDa bhairava : varNa suvarNa tathA dAminI samAna, tIna netra, cAra mukha, phaNimaya mukuTa, ATha hAthoM meM khaTvAMga, kamala, cakra, zakti, aura pAza, aMkuza, mAlA tathA kapAla (pAtra) rahatA hai| svacchaMda bhairava : 21 tAla kA virATa svarUpa (252 aMgula pramANa) baddha padmAsana meM baiThe hue, pacAsa bhujAoM vAle bhairava hai| dAyeM hAthoM meM gadA, paTTiza, parazu, zakti, bANa, dhanuSa, puSpa, mAlA, sarpa, bIjora, magdara, caSakI (madhupAna), zataghnI, koza, Damaru, muzala, sUci-pAna darpaNa .... For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #157
122 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA bAyeM hAthoM meM gadA, darpaNa, varada, caMdra, khaDga, aMkuza, jJAna pustaka, cAmara kalaza, nizUla, khaTvAMga, abhaya, viSapAna, zaMkha, sarpa, modaka, madyapAna, vastra, kamala, cakra, varada, do hAthoM kI yoni mudrA aura do hAtha mastaka para-aisA svarUpa svacchaMda bhairava kA hai| vRSabha-naMdI : naMdI ziva kA priya vAhana hai| zivamaMdira meM naMdI kI sthApanA anivArya hai| prAcIna kAla meM videzoM meM bhI naMdI kI pUjA hotI thii| eziyA meM naMdI deva ke rUpa meM pUjA jAtA thaa| misra meM vRSabha ko pavitra mAnA gayA thaa| bebiloniyA aura sIriyA meM vRSabha-pUjA kA bar3A pracAra thaa| pArasiyoM ke avestA meM bhI baherAma majhadA ko vRSabha kA svarUpa kahA gayA hai| khristI dharma meM bhI vRSabha kA sthAna hai| zarameza (ziva) do mukha (tIna mukha): aSTa pAda (tIna pAda) do paMkha (yAvipA paMkha) laMbI puuNch| siMhamukha mukuTa dhAraNa caturbhUja, pAza, parazu, mRga, magni (tIna pAda ke sthAna aSTapAda bhI kahA~ hai|) lakuliza(pAzupaMta): pIche saMpUrNa liGga, Age padmAsana / ziva-do bhujA meM daMDa, bIjoru (mAtulInatIna netra (goda meM) gupta uurdhvlingg| sAre vizva meM naMdI deva kI taraha pUjA gayA haiN| mohana-jo-dar3o kI khudAI meM se bhI 5000 varSa pUrva naMdI kI mUrtiyA~ milI haiN| dakSiNa pradeza meM naMdI kI vizAla mUrtiyA~ pAyI jAtI haiN| zivAlaya ke sAmane usake liye svataMtra maMDapa bhI bAMdhe gaye haiN| ___ rAmezvara aura tAMjora ke bRhadIzvara' tathA maisUra meM naMdI 19-20 phUTa ke eka hI pASANa meM se suMdara alaMkaraNa sahita banAyA gayA haiN| isase patA calatA hai ki naMdI kA kitanA mahattva thaa| prAdya deva ruda ziva kA baDA mahAtmya veda upaniSad Adi prAcIna graMthoM meM varNita hai / puruSasukta meM kahA hai-rudra kA anaMta svarUpa hai, anaMtamUrti hai, sahasra mastaka hai, sahasra cakSu hai, sahasra pAda hai, sahasra bAhu hai, jinakA sahasra nAma hai aise sahasra yugoM kA dhAraNa karanevAlA jagata meM zAzvata hai| ekaddhAra zivAyatana-bAyeM gaNeza, dAyeM pArvatI, naiRtya bhAskara, vAyukoNe janArdana, dakSiNe mAtRkAno, uttara meM zAMtigRha, pazcime kubera kI sthApanA krnaa| caturmukha zivAyatana-madhya meM rudra, bAyeM zAMtigRha, dakSiNe yazodvAra, mAtRkA rudra ke bAyeM mahAlakSmI, umA aura bhairava, rudra ke pIche brahmA. aura viSNu, agnikoNa meM iMdra, prAditya aura skaMda, izAnya meM gaNeza aura dhUmra sthApana krnaa| puruSasUkta me zivajI ke vizvasvarUpa kA varNana kiyA hai| sahasrazIrSA puruSaH sahasrAkSaH sahasrapAd / ___sa bhUmi sarvataH spRSTvA'tyatiSThad dazAGgalam // puruSasUkta / jisa ke hajAroM zIrSa hai, jisa ke hajAroM cakSa hai, jisa ke hajAroM paira hai esA virATa puruSa samagra vizva ko vyApta aura bhI vizva ke Upara dazAMgula (vizva se para) raha hai| ziva pratihAra nAgeMdra kapAla Damaru Damaru bIjapuraka bIjapuraka trizUla Damaru Damaru khaTvAMga gaja tarjanI pUrva dvAre naMdI-(vAma) mAtRliMga mahAkAla-(dakSiNa) khaTvAMga dakSiNa dvAre heraMba-(vAma) tarjanI bhuMgI-(dakSiNa) gaja pazcima dvAre durmukha-(vAma) trizUla yAMpuDara-(dakSiNa) kapAla uttara dvAre sita-(vAma) mAtRliMga asita-(dakSiNa) padmadaMDa khaTvAMga Damaru Damaru kapAla bIjapuraka mRNAla khaTvAMga mRNAla padmadaMDa bIjapuraka khaTvAMga For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #158
aGga : ekonaviMzatim devI-zakti-svarUpa AryoM ne mAtRpUjA apanAI thii| mohana-jo-daDo se prApta hue avazeSoM ke AdhAra para yaha anumAna kiyA jAtA hai ki bhArata ke sivA anya pradezoM meM bhI bhUmadhya sAgara taka prAcIna kAla meM mAtRpUjA pracalita thii| zaiva aura vaiSNava saMpradAya kI taraha devI kA saMpradAya zakti saMpradAya' se jJAta hotA hai / zAkta saMpradAya meM durgA pradhAna devI mAnI jAtI hai| usake aneka nAma aura svarUpa vividha graMthoM meM diye haiN| bhagavatI durgA ke mukhya tIna svarUpa mAne gaye haiM: mahAlakSmI, mahAkAlI aura mhaasrsvtii| svarUpa kramazaH rajas, tamas aura sAtvika guNoM ke mAne jAte haiN| ye brahmA, viSNu aura ziva ke parama teja se punarAvartita teja yA zaktiyA~ mAnI jAtI haiM / zaktivAda ke mUlatattva veda meM se prAdurbhAvita hue hai| veda ke bAda AraNyaka aura upaniSadoM meM unakA bahuta vikAsa huaa| devI upAsanA meM se maMtrazAstra ke svataMtra sUtra race gaye haiN| ve sAMketika bhASA meM tathA mitAkSaroM meM haiN| ve manuSya ko parabrahma svarUpa bhagavatI jagadaMbA kI parAzakti se paricita karA ke mukti dilAte haiN| bhArata meM prAcIna kAla se hI zakti vAda kA pracAra huA thaa| usake avazeSoM se yaha siddha hotA hai| mohana-jo-dar3o meM hajAra varSa pUrva kI mAtRdevI kI mUrtiyA~ milI haiN| mAtRdevI kI pUjA bhArata se bAhara ke dezoM meM bhI pracalita thI / IsA pUrva cAra yA pA~ca zatAbdI ke sikkoM para devI-mUrti ukerI gaI hai| usI taraha devI kI mUrtiyoM ke prAcIna zilpa bhI milate haiN| rUpamaM'nokta navadurgA svarUpa cha: bhujA cAra bhujA 1. mahAlakSmI : 2. naMdA: 3. kSemakarI: 4. zivadUtI: 5. mahAcaMDI: 6. bhrAmarI: 7. sarvamaMgalA: 8. revatI: 9. haririddha: .. varada, trizUla, DhAla, pAnapAtra, nAga akSasUtra, khaDga, DhAla, pAnapAna varada, trizUla, kamala, pAnapAtra kamaMDala, cakra, DhAla, pAnapAna khaDga, vizUla, ghaMTA, DhAla .. khaDga, Damaru, kheTa (DhAla), pAnapAna mAlA, vajra, ghaMTA, pAnapAtra daMDa, trizUla, khaTvAMga, pAnapAna kamaMDala, khaDga, Damaru, pAnapAna rUpamaM'nokta aura aparAjita sUtra meM uparokta navadurgA kA svarUpa kahA hai| saptazatI graMtha meM navadurgA kA svarUpa pRthaka isa taraha kahA hai For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #159
124 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA vinAyaka prathamaM zailaputrIti (saptazati) dvitIyaM brahmacAriNI / tRtIyaM caMdraghaNTeti, kuSmaNDeti caturthakam // 1 // paMcamaM skaMdamAtiti, SaSThaM kAvyAyanIti ca / saptamaM kAlArAtrIti mahAgaurIti cASTamam // 2 // navamaM siddhidAtrI ca navadurgA prakIrtitAH / uktAnyetAni nAmANi, brahmaNava mahAtmanA / / 3 / / / / sptshtii|| raktacAmuMDA iMdrANI 1. zailaputrIH vRSabhavAhana do bhujA trizUla, kamala 2. brahmacAriNI: do bhujA mAlA, kamaMDala 3. caMdraghaMTAH vyAghravAhana dasa bhujA dhanuSabANa, kamala, mAlA ..... 4. kUSmAMDA: vyAghra aSTabhujA kamaMDala, dhanuSabANa, kamala, cakragarA mAlA, trizUla, gadA, khaDaga, kamaMDala skaMdhamAtAH siMha cAra bhujA kamala, ghaTaHkuMbha ghaMTA, varada 6. kAtyAyani: siMha cAra bhujA DhAla, kamala, varada, khar3aga kAlarAtriH gardabha cAra bhujA abhaya, khaDaga, trizUla, pAza 8. mahAgauri: naMdI cAra bhujA varada, trizUla, abhaya, Damaru 9. siddhidAyI: kamala cAra bhujA gadA, cakra, pustaka, kamala vArAhI vaiSNavI kaumArI mAhezvarI atha saptamAtRkA athAtaH saMpravakSyAmi mAtRNAM saptakaM ythaa| haMsAruDhA prakartavyA saaksssuutrkmNddl| zUlaM ca pustakaM dhatte urvahastadva ye zubhe ||1||iti brAhmI 1 mAhezvarI prakartavyA vRssbhaasnsNsthitaa| kapAlazUlakhaTavAGgavaradA ca caturbhujA // 2 // iti mAhezvarI 2 kumArarUpA kaumArI mayUravaravAhanA raktavastradharA padamacchUlazaktigavAdharA ||3||iti kaumArI 3 baiSNavo viSNu sadRzI garuDoparisaMsthitA caturbAhuzca varadA shngkhckrgdaadhraa||4|| iti vaiSNavI vArAhIM tu pravakSyAmi mahiSoparisaMsthitAm vArAhasadazI ghaMTAnAdacAmaradhAriNI // 5 // ghaMTA cakra gadAdharA padmA daanveNdrvidhaatinii| lokAnAM ca hitArthAya sarvavyAdhivinAzinI ||6||iti vArAhI 5 iMdrANI stvindrasadRzI vajrazUlagadAdharA / gajAsanagatA devI locanarbuhubhiryutA // 7 // ityAdI 6 baMSTrAlA kSINadehA ca gAMkSA bhImarUpiNI digbAhukSAmakukSizca muzalaM cakramArgaNI // 8 // aMkuzaM vibhratI khaDgaM dakSiNeSvatha vAmataH kheTa pAza dhanudaMDa kuThAraM ceti vibhratI // 9 // cAmuMDA pretagA raktA vikRtAsyAhibhUSaNA dvibhujA vA prakartavyA katikA kAryamanvitA // 10 // iti cAmuMDA 1 vorezvarastu bhagavAn vRSAruDho dhanurdharaH / vINAhastaH trizUlazva mAtRNAmaprataH sthitaH madhye ca mAtRkA kAryA aMte tAsAM vinaayk| // 11 // iti saptamAtRkA (rupamaMTana) brAhmANI vIrezvara For Private And Personal Use Only

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devI - zakti - svarUpa sAta mAtRkAe~ isa prakAra hai brahmA, maheza, skaMdha, vaiSNava, varAha, indra, ina chaH devoM kI patniyA~ aura sAtavIM cAmuMDA (jagadaMbA triguNAtmaka mahAkAlI kA apara nAma hai)| ina saptamAtRkAoM ke svataMtra maMdira bhI hue haiN| mAtRkAoM kI eka paMkti ke paTa meM pahale vIrabhadra aura aMta meM gaNeza kI mUrti bhI hotI hai| aisI (sAta + do) kula nau mUrtiyAM aMkita kI jAtI haiN| saptamAtRkAoM ke prAyudha meM kaI kamadhika aura pRthaka prAyudha kI mUrtiyA~ milatI hai| kaI saptamAtRkAoM kI goda meM bAlaka ko bhI biThAyA hotA hai| ilorA kI guphAoM meM saptamAtRkAoM kI vizAla paMkti baddha mUrtiyA~ ukerI gaI haiN| 1. 'aparAjita sUtra' aura 'rUpamaMDana' meM inake cAra hAtha kahe gaye haiN| kaI jagaha chaH bhujA bhI likhI haiN| vAhana eka hI kahA hai| cAra mukha hote haiM / mRgacarma maMDita brAhmI ke dAyeM hAtha meM varada, mAlA aura qhuvA hotA hai| bAyeM hAtha meM pustaka, kamaMDala aura abhaya mudrA hotI haiN| cAra hAtha meM mAlA, kamaMDala, khuvA, pustaka hote haiN| 125 2. mAhezvarI : 'rUpamaMDana' meM cAra bhujA kahI haiM, jinameM khopar3I, trizUla, khaTvAMga aura varadamudrA haiN| unake pA~ca mukha aura tIna-tIna netra hote haiN| jaTAmukuTa meM caMdra hotA hai| kaI jagaha chaH bhujAyeM bhI pAyI gaI haiN| usake anusAra varada, mAlA, Damaru, trizUla, ghaMTA aura abhaya mudrA hotI haiN| zarIra kA varNaM zveta haiN| 3. kaumArI (skaMdha - kArtikeya kI patnI) rakta varNa, chaH mukha, bAraha netra, aura mora kA vAhana hotA hai| bAraha bhujAoM meM varada, zakti, patAkA, daMDa, ghaMTA, aura bANa, tathA bAraha hAthoM meM dhanuSa, ghaMTA, kamala, kurkuTa, DhAla aura parazu hote haiN| cAra bhujA meM trizUla, zakti, gadA, DhAla hote haiN| prathama vIrezvara brahmANIdevI 4. vaiSNavI garuDa para baiThI huI, zyAma varNa kI, vanamAlA dhAraNa kI huI vaiSNavI ko chaH bhujAyeM hotI haiN| unameM varada, gadA, padma, zaMkha, cakra, aura abhaya hote haiN| cAra bhujAoM meM varada, zaMkha, cakra, gadA hote haiN| For Private And Personal Use Only 5. vArAhI : zyAma varNa, zUkara ke jaisA mukha, bar3A peTa, dAyeM hAthoM meM varada, daMDa, khaDga aura bAyeM hAthoM meM DhAla, pAza aura abhaya hote haiM / cAra bhujA ke svarUpa meM ghaMTA, cakra, gadA, bANa hote haiN| 6. iMdrANI hajAra A~khovAlI, phira bhI saumya / zarIra kA varNa sone jaisaa| hAthI para baiThI huii| dAyeM hAthoM meM varada, mAlA, vajra maura bAyeM hAthoM meM kaTorA, pAna aura abhaya hote haiM /

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126 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA kln CCCCC CCCC mAhezvarI devI kaumArI devI vaiSNavI devI vArAhI devI For Private And Personal Use Only

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devI-zakti-svarUpa 127 SANTMANA iMdrANI devI rakta cAmuMDA OM vi kliiN| 8 \ \3 cA/ devIyaMtra vIzoyaMtra maMtra OM ai hI kI cA muMDAyai vizvenamaH zrI gaNeza vinAyaka For Private And Personal Use Only

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128 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA 7. cAmuMDA : preta para baiThI huI, rakta varNa, kSINa, patalI, vikRta deha, dAMta aura bhayaMkara svarUpavAlI cAmuMDA ke dasa bhujAyeM hotI haiN| muzala, cakra, dhanuSa, aMkuza, khaDga dAyeM hAthoM meM aura bAyeM meM DhAla, pAza, dhanuSa, daMDa aura kulhAr3I rahatI hai| isa taraha madhya meM saptamAtRkAyeM hotI haiN| unake donoM ora vIrabhadra-bhairava aura gaNeza hote haiN| vIrezvara ke hAtha meM vINA, trizUla, bANa aura dhanuSa rahatA hai / unakA vAhana vRSabha hotA hai| gaNeza muSaka vAhna ; hAtha meM daMta, parazu, aMkuza, modaka / vIrezvara : saptamAtRkA yA 19 yogI ke Ayajana meM vIrezvara kI mUrti kI sthApanA karanI caahie| saptamAtRkA ke prAdha meM cAra bhujA vAle vIrezvara kahe gaye haiN| anya mata se unheM 10 bhujAyeM bhI hotI haiN| tIna netra haiN| mAlA, kamaMDala, padma, zaMkha, gadA, trizUla, Damaru, khaDga, DhAla, varada yA abhaya mudrA hotI hai| jayokta devatA-mU prakaraNa meM saptamAtRkAnoM ke svarUpa isa prakAra ke kahe gaye haiN| brAhmI, mAhezvarI, vaiSNavI, vArAhI aura iMdrANI kI pratyeka kI cha: cha: bhujAe~, kaumArI kI cAra bhujAyeM, cAmuMDA kI dasa bhujAyeM kahI hai| yahA rUpamaMDana meM cAra bhUjAyeM kahI hai-apane apane devI kI devIyoM kA vAhana-haMsa-bRSabha-mayUra, garuDa, hastI aura cAmuMDA pretAsanI kahI hai| brahmANI cAra mukha kI, mAhezvarI pA~ca mukha aura tIna nena kI, kaumArI cha: mukha kii| vArAhI kA mukha varAha sadRza kahA hai| prAcIna kAla kI saptamAtRkAyeM Asanastha-baiThI aura khaDI mUrti bhI dikhAI detI haiN| anya pramukha deviyA~ (1) bhadrakAlI: bhadrakAlI ko 18 bhujAyeM rahatI hai| ye cAra siMhoM ke ratha para AliDhyAsana meM baiThI huI hotI hai| kaI jagaha ye kamalAsana meM bhI baiThI vaNita kI gaI hai| mAlA, trizula, khaDga, cakra, bANa, dhanuSa, zaMkha, kamala, suvA, DhAla, kamaMDala, daMDa, zakti, ratnapAtra aura do hAtha jJAnamudrA ke varNita kiye gaye haiN| (2) mahAkAlI: jagadambA ke tIna svarUpa kA prAdyasvarUpa mahAkAlI hai, aisA tAMtrika mAnate haiN| tamoguNI devI kAlI kA pradurbhAva aMbikA ke svarUpa meM se huaA hai, aisA mArkaMDeya kahate haiN| dasabhujA, zyAma varNa, tIna netra, gale meM muMDamAlA yukta inakA bhayAnaka svarUpa hai / hAthoM me khaDga, bANa, gadA, trizUla, zaMkha, cakra, bhuzaMDI, parigha, dhanuSa aura rakta TapakatA muMDa hotA haiN| pralayakAla meM jagata grAsa karanevAlI bhagavatI kAlI saMhAra kA kArya karatI haiN| rAjasthAna ke AhavA gA~va meM 10 mukha aura 60 hAthoM kI inakI nagna pratimA hai| (3) caMDI : suvarNa varNa, tIna netra, yauvanAvasthA, bar3e stana, eka mukha aura bIsa bhujAvAlI caMDI hotI haiM / trizUla, talavAra, zakti, cakra, pAza, DhAla, abhaya, Damaru, zakti, bANa bAyeM hAthoM meM rahate haiN| dAyeM hAthoM meM nAgapArA, DhAla, kulhAr3I, aMkuza dhanuSa, ghaMTI, dhvaja, gadA, vajra aura muMDa UparI krama ke rahate haiN| (4) cAmuMDA: krUra, bhayAnaka svarUpa, pIle keza, haDDiyoMvAlA svarUpa aura lAla netroMvAlI caMDI vyAghracarma pror3e hue hotI hai| sarpa ke AbhUSaNoMvAlI 'kapAlamAlinI' zyAma varNa kI hotI haiN| zava para baiThI huI caMDa aura muMDa ko mAranevAlI, 16 hAthoM meM vizula, DhAla, khaDga, dhanuSa, pAza, aMkuza, bANa, kulhAr3I, darpaNa, ghaMTA, vajra, daMDa, mugdara, barada, muMDa aura kheTaka hote haiN| dasa hAthoM ko cAmuMDA kA bhI svarUpa-varNana milatA hai| (dekhiye : saptamAtRkA meM nN.7)| yogezvarI aura kRSodarI kA svarUpa bhI isa svarUpa se milatA-julatA hai| (5) raktacAmuMDA: yogezvarI : tIna netra, cAra bhujAyeM, tIkSNa khaDga, pAza, muzala aura hala dhAraNa kiye hue hotI haiN| For Private And Personal Use Only

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devI-zakti-svarUpa 129 'matsya purANa' ke anusAra vaha laMbI jivhA, Urdhva keza aura halayukta hotI hai| gIdha aura kove ke vAhanavAlI yogezvarI dasa bhujAoMvAlI, zyAma varNa kI aura haDDiyoM ke zarIravAlI hotI hai| (6) mahiSAsura madinI : kAtyAyinI : dasa bhujA, tIna netra aura tribhaMga mudrAvAlI hotI hai| alasI ke phUla-jaisA varNa aura sarva prAbhUSaNoM se zobhita, yauvanayukta, bar3e stanavAlI siMha ke vAhana para baiThI hai| dAyeM hAthoM meM trizUla, khaDga, bANa aura zakti hotI hai| bAyeM hAthoM meM DhAla, dhanuSa, pAza aura aMkuza rahatA hai| ghaMTA yA parazu bhI kabhI-kabhI hotA hai| nIce ke hAtha meM keza-rahIta daitya kA mAthA bhI rahatA haiN| usake nIce mahiSa daitya dAMta pIsatA huA leTA hai| usakA zarIra rakta se lAla huA rahatA hai| usake hAtha meM khaDga hai| vaha nAga se jakar3A huA hai| usakI chAtI meM devI kA zastra hai| devI kA dAyA~ paira apane vAhana siMha para aura bAyeM paira kA aMgUThA mahiSadaitya para hai| yaha pArvatI kA hI rUpa mAnA gayA hai| veda vAGamaya meM isakA ullekha nahIM hai| paMcAyatana maMdira meM cAroM dizA meM zaMkara, gaNeza, sUrya aura viSNu ko devI kAlikA hotI hai| bhUre aura badAmI mUrti ke cAra hAtha haiM aura pratyAliMDhya mudrA hai| (7) lakSmI sarva AbhUSaNoM se zobhita, aSTadala kamala para baiThI huI, unake UparI hAthoM meM kamala aura nIce ke dAyeM hAthameM amRta kuMbha tathA bAyeM hAtha meM bIjoru dhAraNa kiye hote haiN| do aura pATha hAtha ke lakSmI ke svarUpa kaI graMthoM meM varNita haiN| lakSmI ke donoM ora paricArikAyeM pavana DulAtI hotI haiN| devI ke mastaka para donoM ora kalasa se abhiSeka karate hue hAthI haiN| 'agnipurANa' meM unake pATha hAtha kahe haiM / dhanuSa, gadA, bANa, kamala, cakra, zaMkha, muzala, aMkuza Adi unake prAyudha haiN| (8) mahAlakSmI lakSmI-jaisA hI AbhUSaNoM se zobhita inakA svarUpa hai| bAyeM nIce hAtha meM pAna aura Upara ke hAtha meM gadA hotI hai| dAyeM UparI hAthoM meM DhAla aura nIce zrIphala hotA hai| 'saptazati' graMtha meM aThAraha bhujAyeM varNita kI gaI haiN| aSTadala kamala para inakA Asana lagA hai| pIche kalazayukta hAthI abhiSeka karatA haiM / 'rUpamaMDana' meM varada, trizUla, DhAla aura pAnapAtra haiN| (9) mahA sarasvatI jJAnazakti kI ina devI ko cAra bhujAyeM haiM jinameM mAlA, pustaka, abhaya aura pama hote haiM yA varada, kamala, vINA aura pustaka bhI hote haiN| haMsa kA vAhana hai| (10) zrIdevI: ye kamalapara baiThI huI hai| do bhujAoM meM kamala aura zrIphala dhAraNa kiye hue zvetavarNa haiN| inake donoM ora cAmara dhAriNI dAhiyA~ aura hAthI kalaza se abhiSeka karate hue haiN| (11) bhUdevIH viSNu kI mUrti ke sAtha donoM tarapha choTI devI-mUrtiyA~ hotI haiN| kamala aura varada mudrAvAlI ina mUrtiyoM ke kAna meM makara kuMDala hote haiN| ye viSNu patnI kahalAtI hai| ye cAra bhujA kI zrI devI ke hAtha meM ratnapAna, dhAnyapAna, auSadha pAna aura kamala hote haiM / zeSanAga para paira hotA hai| bhUdevI kI mUrtiyoM kA svataMtra astitva nahIM hai| viSNu yA varAha ke sAtha ye hotI haiN| varAha svarUpa meM, dAMta para baiThI huI bhUdevI (pRthvI) atyaMta choTe svarUpa meM hotI hai| kabhI-kabhI dAMta para pRthvI (bhUdevI) ke sthAna para eka golA rahatA hai| kabhI-kabhI varAha ke paira ke pAsa bhUdevI kI mUrti zeSanAga ke mAthe para paira rakhakara prArthanA karatI huI khaDI hotI hai| (12) sarasvatI : 'agnipurANa ke mata se inakI pATha bhujAmoM meM dhanuSa, gadA, pAza, vINA, cakra, zaMkha, muzala aura aMkuza haiN| zilparatna ke mata se ye rakta varNa kI hai| padmAsana, mAlA, pAza, aMkuza aura abhaya hote haiN| anya mata se inake pA~ca mukha aura tIna netra hote haiN| prAyudha isa prakAra hote hai : zaMkha, cakra, kapAla, pAza, parazu, sudhAkuMbha, veda, akSamAlA, vidyA aura papa / For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 130 mayUra yA haMsa inakA vAhana hotA hai| ye kamala para baiThI haiN| www.kobatirth.org (1) -fr: vizvakarma zAstra meM inheM cAra bhujA yukta tathA siMha vAhinI kahA hai| khaDga, DhAla, darpaNa aura varadamudrA meM zobhita tIna netra vAlI ye devI hai| veda meM bhI aMbA-aMbikA ke nAma milate haiN| Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir anya mata se ye tIna netra sahita ha~sate mukhavAlI, aura rakta varNa kI varNita kI gaI hai| chaH bhujAoM meM bIjoru, pAza, aMkuza, bANa, dhanuSa aura khappara hote haiN| kaI jagaha inake cAra hAtha bhI kahe haiM, usake anusAra khaDga, vizUla, gadA aura varada haiM / goda meM bAlaka bhI hotA hai| (14) bhuvanezvarI devI prabhAta ke sUrya se tIna netA mukha aura kamala para baiThI huI hotI hai| unakI cAra bhujAoM meM varada pAza aura abhaya haiN| (15) pUrNA bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA sUrya-caMdra ke jaisA varNa, tejasvI annapUrNA ke cAra hAthoM meM mAlA, pustaka, pAza aura pAtra hote haiM / yaha kAzIkSetra kI adhIzvarI mAnI jAtI hai| ( 17 ) gaMgA (agni) : (16) gAyatrI prAta: sUryamaMDala ke bIca tIna mukha, rakta varNa, do bhujA, mAlA, kamaMDala aura haMsa kA vAhana aisI brahmANI prAtaH gAyatrI kumArI beda kI mAnI jAtI hai| , madhyAhna : kRSNa varNa aura tIna netra vAlI ina sAvitrIdevI ke cAra hAtha haiN| unameM zaMkha, cakra, gadA aura padma hotA hai / ye garur3a para baiThI huI haiM -- viSNu yajurveda / sAyaM :- zukla varNa kI isa sarasvatI kI cAra bhujAyeM haiM / trizUla, Damaru, pAza aura pAtra dhAraNa karake ye naMdI para baiThI huI vRddhA rudrANI hai / inake do hAthoM meM kuMbha aura kamala hai| ye zveta varNa kI hai aura magara inakA vAhna hotA hai| (20) tulasIdevI : . (18) yamunA : kUrma ke vAhana vAlI zyAma varNa kI yamunA ke do hAthoM meM kuMbha aura varadamudrA hai| prAcIna sthApatyoM ke devamaMdiroM kI dvArazAkhA meM, dakSiNa zAkhA meM gaMgA aura bAma zAkhA meM yamunA kI sthApanA hotA thI / (19) zItalA : 'skaMdha purANa' meM inakA varNana hai| ye zItalA ke roga ko miTAtI hai, aisA mAnA jAtA hai| nagnasvarUpa meM gardabha para baiThI huI inake hAtha meM jhADU aura kalaza hotA hai| sara para sUpa dhAraNa kiyA hotA hai| For Private And Personal Use Only zyAma varNa, kamala-jaise locana, prasanna mukha aura cAra bhujAyeM haiN| kamala, sapheda kamala, varada aura abhaya mudrA hotI hai / (21) durgA : durgA ke bhinna-bhinna svarUpa kahe gaye haiN| caturbhuja, aSTabhuja, jayA durgA, mUlinI durgA, mohabAhinI durgA, kRSNadurgA vidyavAsinI durgA, dazabhuja durgA, pratidurgA, vizvadurgA, siddhadurgA, agni durgA, jayA-vijayA durgA, yomavatI durgA tathA vijitA durgA / dasa mahAvidyA devI ke 10 svarUpa, SoDaza mAtRkAoM ke 16, pITha zakti ke nau svarUpa kahe haiM / 64 yoginiyoM ke vividha svarUpa sarva durgA yA mahAkAlI kI sevikAoM ke rUpa meM mAne jAte haiN| jaise ziva ke bhairava, vaise devI kI yoginiyA~ usakI zakti mAnI jAtI haiN| 'rudrayAmala' graMtha meM unake nAma aura svarUpa diye haiN| 'agnipurANa' meM sirpha 64 nAma hI diye gaye haiN|

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devI-zakti-svarUpa 131 'mayadIpikA' meM 68 yoginiyoM kA ullekha hai| 'zrItattvanidhi' graMtha meM bhI thor3e svarUpa varNana kiye gaye haiN| ATha-ATha ke pATha maMDala, unake cAra-cAra hAthoM ke prAyudha, parNa aura vAhana bhI diye gaye haiN| hindu-parivAroM meM sAmAnyataH hareka kI kula deviyA~ rahatI haiN| AzApurI, hiMgaLAja, rAMdera lUnnA (ranA devI), sAmudrI (suMdarI), vyAghrazvarI, siMdhavAI, bhaTTArikA, Adi kuladevI ke svarUpa kisI graMtha meM to nahIM milate,lekina jJAtipurANa yA kSetrapurANa athavA paraMparAgata mAnyatAmoM meM se milate haiN| kuladevI, grAmadevI yA gotradevI hareka kula, jJAti yA kuTuMba ko hotI hI hai| dazamahAvidyAdevI yahA~ vAhana kA ullekha nahIM kiyA gayA hai, ataH haMsa yA mayUra kA vAhana mAnA jA sakatA hai| dasa mahAvidyA ('zAkta pramoda' graMtha ke anusAra) 1 kAlI 5 bhairavI 9 mAtaMgI 2 tArA 6 tripurA bhairavI 10 kamalA 3 mahAvidyA SoDazI tripurAsuMdarI 7 dhUmAvatI 4 bhuvanezvarI 8 bagalA mukhI ye 10 mahAvidyA deviyA~ sarvataMtra kI rakSikA-pAlikA hai / unake svarUpa-varNana taMtragraMtha meM diye haiN| SoDaza mAtRkAo 1 gaurI 2 padmA 3 zacI 4 meghA 5 sAvitrI 6 vijayA 7 jayA 8 devasenA 9 svadhA 10 svAhA 11 mAtRkA 12 loka mAtRkA 13 ghRti 14 puSTi 15 tuSTi 16 kuladevI 1 aNimA 2 mahimA 3 ladhimA aNimAdi pITha zakti 4 garimA 5 pretagatA 6 vazitA 7 prakAmata 8 prApti 9 sarva siddhi 1 prakSobhyA 2 RkSamaNI 3 rAkSasI 4 kSepaNa 5 kSamA 6 piMgAkSI 7 akSayA 8 kSemA catuHSaSTi yoginiyA~ 'hemAdri vRttakhaMDa' tathA 'mayadIpikA' (agnipurANAntargata) 13 balAkezI 25 taralA 14 bAlasA 26 tArA 15 vimalA 27 RgvedA 28 hayAnanA 17 vizAlAkSI sArAkhyA 18 TrIkArA 30 rasasaMgrAhI 19 bar3avAmukhI 31 zabarA 20 mahAkrUrA 32 tAlajaMdhikA 21 krodhanA 33 rakatAkSI 22 bhayaMkarI 34 suprasiddhA 23 mahAnanA 35 vidyudrajivhA 24 sarvasA 36 karaMkiNI 10 nIlAlayA 11 lolA 12 raktA For Private And Personal Use Only

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132 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA 37 meghanAdA 47 pizitA 57 yamajivhA 38 paMcakoNA 48 sarvalolupA 58 jayaMtI 39 kAlakarNI 49 bhramanI durjanA 40 varapradA 50 tapanI jayantikA 41 caMDA 51 rAgiNI 61 biDAlI 42 caMDavatI 52 vikRlatA 62 revatI 43 prapaMcA 53 vAyuvegA 63 pUtanA 44 pralayAnvitA 54 bRhatkukSi 64 vijayAntikA 45 zizuvakA 55 vikRtA 46 pizAcI 56 vizvarUpikA pAThAntara meM do aura nAma bhI milate haiN| icchAstrA aura srvsiddhaa| ye sabhI 64 yoginiyA~ 4,8 yA 12 hAtha kI hotI haiN| bar3e dAMtoMvAlI ina yoginiyoM ke jaTAmukuTa hote haiM / Ayudha isa prakAra hote haiM-khaTvAMga, aMkuza . . . . abhaya, dhanuSa, trizUla, pAza aadi| 'agnipurANa' ke anusAra : caMDikA : daza bhujAmoM meM khaDga, trizula, talavAra, zakti, nAgapAza, DhAla, aMkuza, kulhAr3I, dhanuSa, aura trizUla hote haiM tathA siMha kA vAhana hai| atha caturviMzati-gaurIsvarUpANi vAstuvidyA ca vizvakarmA uvAcaH athAtaH saMpravakSyAmi gauryAdicaturvizatim / caturbhujA trinetrA ca sarvAbharaNabhUSitA // 1 // pItAGgI pItavarNA ca pItavastravibhUSitA ekavaktrA trinetrA ca svarupe yauvanAnvitA // 2 // suprabhA ca sutejaskA makuTena viraajitaa| prabhAmaMDalasaMyuktA kuMDalAbhyAM ca bhUSitA // 3 // hArakaMkaNakeyUrA paadyonuupuraanvitaa| siMhaskaMdhasamAruDhA naanaaruupkrodytaa||4|| devagaMdharvasiddhana pUjitA Rssibhistthaa| kRtayuge hi totalA pUjyate brAhmaNaH sadA // 5 // tripurA kSatriyaiH pUjyA saubhAgyA vaishysttmH| vijayA zUdrajAtIyaiH pUjyA nataratro braahmnnH||6|| vitayaM rAjyajAtIbhiH dvayaM vaizyazca puujyte| prathaikA zUdrajAtIyaH // 7 // dakSiNe cAkSamAlAM ca tathAdhazcakamaMDalum / tathaiva pIcchikA vAme vAmAdhaH zaMkhamuttamam // 8 // rUpeyA totalA nAma mUrtizca hNsvaahnii| iti totalA 3 abhayaM dakSiNe haste tasyobeMDakuzamaNDalam // 9 // pAzaM ca vAmahaste tu liGgaca tadadhaH sthitam / pretAsanA mahAdevI tripurA nAma mUrtikA // 10 // iti tripurA 2 dakSiNe cAkSasUtraM ca tasyorve papramuttamam / vAme tu pustakaM caiva vAmAdhaH phalamuttamam // 11 // garuDe ca sAmAkhDhA saubhAgyAyAcA mRtikA / iti saubhAgya 3 dakSiNe cAkSasUtraM ca tadhvUrve daMDamuttamam // 12 // For Private And Personal Use Only

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devI-zakti-svarUpa 133 bAme tu pustakaM caiva vAmadhaHzcAbhayaM tthaa| baMDamAlAdharA devI vijayA nAma mUrtikA // 13 // iti vijayA 4 dakSiNAgho'kSasUtraM ca bhUjoliGgameva c| gaNaM ca vAmahaste tu syAvadhana kamaMDalaH // 14 // gaurI nAmeti vikhyAtAmUtiH sA sihavAhinI / iti gaurI 5 bakSiNe tvabhayaM caiva tavya liGgamIzvaram // 15 // vAme gajAnanA covaM mAtuHphalamadhaH sthitam / godhikAlAnchanAcaiva pArvatI nAma mUtikA // 16 // iti pArvatI 6 abhayaM dakSiNe haste tadUdhvaM rudra evaca / vAme gaNapatizvava vAmAdhaH cAkSamAlikAm // 17 // siMhopari samAradA zUlezvarI nAma mUrtiSu / iti zulezvarI 7 dakSiNe cAkSamAlA tu tavUya liGgameva ca // 18 // vAme gaNapatizcaiva tasyAdhaH paya muttamam / godhikA vAhanaM caiva lalitA nAma mUrtiSu // 19 // iti lalitA 8 prabhayaM dakSiNe haste tadUdha iishvrstthaa| vAme gaNapatizcaiva vAmAdhavaH kmNddluH||20|| IzvarI siMhavAhanI godhaasnopristhitaa| iti izvarI 9 patra (kuDI) ca dakSiNe haste tabadhvamIizvarastathA // 21 // vAme gaNapatizcaMva vAmadha cAbhayaM mtm| siMhavAhanasaMkadA manezvarIti mUtiSu // 22 // iti manezvarI 10 abhayaM dakSiNe haste tadUdhvaM hoshvrstthaa| bAme gaNapatiH caiva vAmAdhaH pacamuttamam // 23 // umApati nAma mUrtiH devI ca siMhavAhinI / iti umApati 11 pagraM ca dakSiNe haste tadUkeM liGgameva ca // 24 // gaNezo vAmahaste ca liGgahaste'dhaH sthitam / siMhAsanasamArutA vINeti nAma mUtiSu // 25 // 25 // iti vINAdevI 12 dakSiNe mAliGgaJca tadUdhvaM ca mahezvaraH / vAme gaNapatiHcaiva vAmAdhazca kamaMDaluH // 26 // godhAsanaM samAruDhA hastinI nAma mUrtiSu / iti hastinI 13 prakSasUna dakSiNe ca tadUkeM hIzvarastathA // 27 // bAme gaNapatiHcava mAtuliGgaJca saMsthitam / siMhAsanasamAruDhA trinetrA nAma mUtiSu // 28 // iti vinevA 14 akSasUna dakSiNe ca tadUI ishvrstthaa| bAme gaNapatizcaiva tasyAdhaH pustakaM tathA // 29 // haMsavAhanamAraDhA ramaNA nAma mUrtiSu // iti ramaNA 15 panaM ca dakSiNe haste tasyoveM pacamuttamam // 30 // pustakaM vAmahaste ca tadadhazca kmNddlH| kamalaM lAMcchanaM caiva devI nAma kulakalA // 31 // iti kulakalA 16 akSamAlAM dakSiNe ca tasyo panamuttamam / darpaNaM vAmahaste ca vAmAdhaHphalamuttamam // 32 // hastinIvAhanA devI jaMghA nAmnA va mUrtiSu // iti jaMdhA 17 varadA dakSiNe haste tasyodhyakuzamuttamam // 33 // pAzaM vAmahastovaM tu vAmAdhazcAbhayaM tthaa| brahmA viSNustayAbadra Izvarazca sdaashivH||34|| For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 134 krama 1 2 3 4 caturviMzati gaurI svarUpa (vAstuvidyA damAcamate) vAstuvidyA dIpArNava graMtha meM caturviMzati gauri svarUpa kahA hai usameM bIsa sAtvika AyudhoMvAlI - aura aMta ke cAra svarUpa ugra tAmasa bAlI kahI haiN| vAhana meM do mUrti kA haMsa hai, siMha bAhinI sAta haiM, nagada bAhinI sIna para govAsana vAnavAlI tIna, gajavAhinI eka, kamalAsano do aura pretavAhinI chaH kahI haiM / sAtvika prAyudhoMvAlI do mUrti ko pretAsama kahA hai yaha vicitra hai| svarUpa varNana meM - cAra bhujA, pIta varNa, eka mukha, tIna netra, yauvanAvasthA, prabhAmaMDala, mukuTa, kuMDala, hAra, keyUra, kaMkaNa, pAdanapurAdi AbhUSaNa yukta kahI hai| "devatA mUrti prakaraNa meM kahI huI dvAdaza gaurI svarUpa sarva sAtvika pAyudhavAlI kahI hai-cAra bhujA, eka mukha, vineta grAbhUSaNa yukta svarUpa kahA hai| AThavI raMbhA devI kA gaja vAhana kahA hai, bAkI sarva devI kA godhAsana (dIpArNavokta) vAhana kahA hai| dAyeM hAtha meM bAyeM hAtha meM upalA nIcalA upalA nicalA zivaliMga mAlA gaNeza kamaMDala vAhana siMha gaNeza phala vAhana godhAsana gaNeza nAma totalA tripurA saubhAgya vijayA mAlA aMkuza dAyeM hAtha meM bAyeM hAtha meM nicalA upalA nicalA upalA padma ete paMcamahAdeva pAdamUle vyavasthitAH vyailokyavijayA nAma dakSiNe cAkSasUtraM ca tadveM padmamuttamam / pustakaM vAmahaste ca vAmodhazvAbhayaM tathA // 36 // kamalAsanamAruDhA bebI kAmezvarI tathA / iti kAmezvarI 19 abhayaM dakSiNe haste sa khayameva ca // 37 // vAme tu tazarUracaiva tasyAdhaH suphalaMbhavet / pretAsanasamArUDhA raktanetrA ca nAmataH // 38 // iti raktanetrA 20 21 caMDI 22 jaMbhitI. 23 jvAlAprabhA. 24 bhairavI. caMDInI tAnI yAnI (?) abhinI jvalitaprabhA // 39 // sahitaM bhairavArUDhA koTarAkSI ca bhISaNA / pretArA vizAlA ca dvAdaza paMcalocanA ( ? ) // iti / / paMca dIpta mahAmudrA paMcabhUSaNA // sicarmadharA devI gajacarmottarIyakAn / / 61 / / nilotpalasamAbhAsA sUryakoTisamaprabham // kapAlAmaraNaM khaMDa SaD varga dhArikA / kapAlA khaGgadharA devyaH vyelokyodyotaghaMTikAH // sarasA raMGgadharA divyA pAzAMkuzadharA ca yA / kuMDalasaMyuktA sarvAbharaNabhUSitA // daMDa www.kobatirth.org sarpakaM kaNakemUranAgAbharaNabhUSitA / ityevaM bhairavI devI sapAdA parikIrtitA // iti catuvizati gaurIsvarUpANi (dIpaye) 1 kamaMDala pIchIkA zaMkha vAhana haMsa abhaya pAza vAhana preta pustaka phala vAhana garuDa mAlA mAlA zivaliMga pustaka vAhana siMha abhaya krama nAma 7 // 35 // iti vyalokyavijayA 18 8 gaurI pArvatI zUlezvarI lalitA " abhaya " bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA mAlA mAlA vAhana siMha gaNeza kamaMDala vAhana goghAsana

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devI-zakti-svarUpa 135 9 IzvarI zivaliMga abhaya gaNeza kamaMDala 17 jaMdhA kamala mAlA darpaNa phala vAhana godhAsana vAhana hasti 10 manezvarI kamala gaNeza abhaya 18 vailokyavijayA aMkuza varada pAza abhaya vAhana siMha vAhana siMha 11 umApati devI abhaya gaNeza kamala 19 kAmezvarI kamala mAlA pustaka abhaya vAhana siMha kamala prAsana 12 vINA , kamala gaNeza zibaliMga 20 kamala raktaSetrA khaDga abhaya sarpa phala ___ vAhana siMha kamala prAsana 13 hastinI gaNeza kamaMDala 21 caMDI muMDa khaDga ghaMTikA dhanuSa vAhana godhAsana bANa pAza aMkuza DhAla 14 trinetrA zivaliMga mAlA gaNeza kamaMDala 22 jaMminI bhayaMkara svarUpa dhAraNa karanevAlI __ vAhana siMha svarUpa bokhalA jaisA bAraha yA paMca 15 ramaNA mAlA gaNeza pustaka 23 jvAlAprabhA cakSu vAlI mahAtejasvI zaba vAhinI vAhana haMsa nIla kamala varNa kI siMhacarma dhAraNa 16 kUlakathA kamala kamala pustaka kamaMDala karatI sarpa ke AbhUSaNa vaalii| __ kamalAsana uparokta caubIsa deviyoM meM 1 saubhAgya, 2 raktanenA, 3 caMDI, 4 jaMbhinI, 5 jvAlAprabhA, 6 bhairavI yaha chaH devI kA svarUpa ugra tAmasa hai bAkI kI rAjasa sAtvika svarUpa kI deviyA~ hai| dvAdaza gaurI svarUpa (aparAjita sUtra rUpamaMDana aura jayokta devatA mUrti prakaraNam) ye sabhI (12) umA svarUpa haiM / pArvatI ke donoM ora agnikuMDa aura kRSNa ke paMcakuMDa banAne caahie| raMbhA kA vAhana hAthI hai| sAvitrI ke cAra mukha, zeSa sabhI eka mukha aura tIna netra vAlI haiN| krama nAma dAyeM hAtha meM bAyeM hAtha meM dAyeM hAtha meM bAyeM hAtha meM ___ krama nAma nIce upara nIce upara nIce upara nIce upara 1 umA mAlA kamala darpaNa kamaMDala 7 hImavatI padya darpaNa abhaya - 2 pArvatI mAlA zivaliMga gaNeza kamaMDala 8 raMbhA kamaMDala mAlA vaca aMkuza dona pakSa meM agnikuMDa hasti vAhana 3 gaurI mAlA abhaya kamala kamaMDala 9 sAvitrI mAlA pustaka kamala kamaMDala 4 lalitA mAlA vINA darpaNa kamaMDala 10 trikhaMDA mAlA vajra zakti kamaMDala zriyA mAlA abhaya varada kamaMDala 11 totalA zUla mAlA daMDa zvetacAmara kRSNa mAlA - pustaka kamaMDala 12 tripurA pAza aMkuza abhaya varada atha gauryAHpravakSyApi pramANaM mUrtilakSaNam / caturbhUjA trinetrA ca sarvAbharaNabhUSitA // 1 // godhAsanoparisthitA ca kartavyA srvkaamdaa| ||iti gaurImUrti sAmAvyalakSaNam / umA ca pArvatI gaurI lalitA ca zriyA tayA // 2 // kRSNA ca himavaMtI ca raMbhA ca sAvitrI tathA / vikhaMDA totalA caiva tripurA dvaadshoditaaH||3|| iti gaurInAmAni / prakSasanaM ca kamalaM varpaNaM ca kmNddluH| umA nAmnA bhavenmUrtiH pUjitA vidazarapi // 6 // ityumA // 1 // For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 136 www.kobatirth.org prasUnaM zivadevaM gaNAdhyakSaM kamaMDalum / agnikuMDa pakSadvaye pArvatI parvato dbhavA // 9 // iti pArvatI // 2 // anAmaye padmaM tasyAstu karma daryAzca mUrtirityuktA kartavyA zivazAlinI // 6 // iti gaurI // 3 // prasUnaM tathA vINA darpaNo'tha kamaMDaluH / lalitA ca tadA nAma siddhacAraNasevitA // 7 // iti lalitA // 6 // godhAsanAkSasUtrA ca varadAbhayakamaMDaluH // zriyAmUrtistadA nAma gRhe pUjyA zriye sadA // 8 // iti zriyA 5 akSa kamaMDalu daye ca purAjalI: / paMcAgnayazva kuMDeSu kRSNA nAma suzobhanA // 9 // iti kRSNA 6 himavatI tIratA) giritA padyarpaNA / padmavaNAmaliGgacaturhastA mahezvarI // 10 // iti himatI 7 maMDapAMkuzA jAnopari sthitaa| pratitolavadaruNA raMbhA ca sarvakAmadA // 11 // iti raMbhA 8 tavaM pustakaM ca dhattaM padma caturvaktrA tu sAvitrI zrotriyANAM gRhe hitA // 12 // iti sAvitrI 9 prakSasUtra vajrazakti tasyAdhazca kamaMDaluM / faisi pUjayetyaM sarvakAmaphalapradAm // 13 // iti trikhaMDA 10 zUlAkSasUnaM daMDaM (khera) ca zvete cAmarake tathA / svetA devI sItalA pApanAzinI // 16 // iti tolA 11 pAzAMkuzA'bhayaliGga caturhasteSvanukramAt / tripurA nAma saMpUjyA vaMditA vivarAMrapi // 15 // iti tripurA 1 [itihAsa] gaurI svarUpa (jayokta de. bhU.pra.) dvAdaza sarasvatI svarUpa (vAstuvidyA dIpArNavamate ) zrathAtaH saMpravakSyAmi vANI dvadaza lakSaNAH / caturbhujAyekavastrA mukuTena virAjitaH // 1 // prabhAmaMDalasaMyuktAH kuMDalAcatazekharAH / vastrAlaMkArasaMyuktarUpA yovanAnvitAH // 2 // suprasannAH sutejAskA nityaM ca bhaktavatsalAH / dakSiNAdhacAkSasUtre tadUveM padmamuttamam // 3 // vINA vAmakare jJeyA vAmAdyaH pustakaM. tathA (iti prathama sarasvatI ) // dakSiNAmro sUtraM taddhvaM pustakaM tathA / / 6 // vINA vAmakare jJeyA tadadhaH padmapustakam / dvitIyA sarasvatI nAma haMsavAhanasaMsthitA / iti dvitIyasarasvatI 2 baracA dakSiNe haste cAkSasUtraM ttH| padmaM vAmakare jJeyaM vAmordhvaM pustakaM bhavet // 6 // iti kamalARRkmiNI 3 Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir vAstuvidyA dIpAva aura jayamana devatA bhU. 5 meM sarasvatI svarUpa varNana donoM kA eka hI hai| eka mukha, mukuTa kuMDalAdi AbhUSaNa, yauvanAvasthA, prasannamukha, tejaprabhAmaMDala aura cAra bhujAyeM kamala, mAlA, vINA, pustaka aura varada lobha viloma hasta meM dhAraNa kiye yahI dIpArNava kI bAravI nAradI devI ko abhaya aura jayamate de. mU. pra. ye dazavI mahAlakSmI kI bhI abhaya mudrA kahI hai| kaI graMthoM meM sarasvatI kA vAhna mayUra yA haMsa kahA hai kiMtu yahAM donoM graMthoM meM vAhana kA ullekha nahIM hai| For Private And Personal Use Only bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA

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devI-zakti-svarUpa 137 dakSiNe varadA jJeyA taveM pdmmuttmm| pustakaM vAmahaste ca vAmadhazcAkSamAlikAm ||7||iti jyaadevii|| varadaM dakSiNe haste cAkSasUtraM tduurdhvtH| pustaka vAmahaste ca tasyAdhaH papramuttamam // 8 // iti vijayA 5 varadaM dakSiNa haste pustakaM ca tduurdhvtH| prakSasUtraM kare vAme vAmadhaH padmamuttamam // 9 // iti sAraMgI 6 abhayaM dakSiNe haste Uce cavAkSamAlikAm / vINA vAmakare sthApyA tasyAdhaH pustakaM bhavet // 10 // iti tuMbarI 7 varadaM dakSiNe haste tadUbeM pustakaM bhavet / vINA vAmakare jJeyA tasyAdhaH padmamuttamam // 11 // iti nAradI 8 dakSiNe varadA mudrA pagaM tasyopari sthitam / vINA vAmakaro tu cAdhaH kare tu pustakam // 12 // iti sarvamaMgalA 9 panaM ca dakSiNe haste UvaM caivAkSamAlikAm / vINA ca vAmahaste tu vAmAdhaH pustakaM bhavet // 13 // iti vidyAdharI 10 dakSiNe cAkSasUtraM tu panaM tasyoparisthitam / pustakaM vAmato haste cAbhayaM tadadhaH sthitam // 15 // iti sarvavidyA 11 abhayaM dakSiNe haste tadUbeM pdmmiissyte| pustakaM vAmahaste tu tasyodhazcAkSamAlikAm // 15 // iti zAradAdevI 12 iti vAstuvidyAyAM vIpArNave dvAdaza sarasvatIsvarUpANi // dAyoM bhujA nIce upara bAyIM bhujA upara nIce dAyIM bhujA nIce upara bAyIM bhujA upara nIce 1 1 sarasvatI mAlA kamala vINA pustaka 7 tuMbala 2 2 sarasvatI mAlA pustaka vINA padma 8 nAradIya 3 kamalA RkSmaNI varada kamala kamala pustaka 9 sarvamaMgalA 4 jayA varada kamala pustaka mAlA 10 vidyAdharI 5 vijayA varada mAlA pustaka kamala 11 sarvavidyA 6 sAraMgI varada pustaka mAlA kamala 12 sarvaprasannA iti dvAdaza sarasvatI svarUpa vAstuvidyA dIpArNava / abhaya mAlA vINA pustaka varada pustaka vINA kamala varada kamala vINA pustaka kamala vINA pustaka mAlA kamala pustaka abhaya pustaka mAlA For Private And Personal Use Only

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138 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA ON 1 sarasvatI 2 sarasvatI dvitIyA 3 kamalA-RkSmaNI VAE kAla 4 jayAdevI 5 vijayAdevI 6 sAraMgIdevI For Private And Personal Use Only

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devI-zakti-svarUpa 139 7 tuMbarI 8 nAradI 9 sarvamaMgalA 10 vidyAdharI 11 sarvavidyA 12 sarvaprasannA For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 140 1 mahAvidyA 2 mahAvANI 3 bhAratI 4 sarasvatI 5 zrAryA 6 brAhmI dakSa 1 mahAvidyA atha dvAdaza sarasvatI svarUpANi (devatAmUrti prakaraNam ) ekavaktrAH caturbhujA mukuTena virAjitAH / prabhAmaMDalasaMyuktAH kuMDakharAH // 1 // iti sarasvatI lakSaNAni akSaya vINA pustakaMrmahAvidyA prakIrtitA / iti mahAvidyA 1 akSa pustaka vINA padmaH mahAvANI ca nAmataH / iti mahAvANI 2 varAkSaM padmapustake zubhAvahA ca bhAratI / iti bhAratI 3 varAkSapadma pustakaiH sarasvatI prakIrtitA // 3 // iti sarasvatI 4 varAkSaM pustakaM padmaM AryAnAma prakIrtitA // ityAryA 5 vara pustakapadmAkSa brAhmI nAma sukhAvahA // 6 // iti brAhmI 6 vara padma vINA pustakaM mahAdhenukha nAmataH / iti mahAdhenuH 7 varaM ca pustakaM vINA vedagarbhA tathAmbujam // 5 // iti vedagarbhA 8 kSaM tathA'bhayaM padmapustakaMrIzvarI bhavet / iti IzvarI 9 pavaracI mahAlakSmIstu dhAriNI // 6 // iti mahAlakSmI 10 akSaM padmaM pustakaM ca mahAkAlyA varaM tathA / iti mahAkAlI 11 prakSapustaka vINAzca padmaM mahAsarasvatI // 7 // iti mahAsarasvatI 12 iti dvAdaza sarasvatIsvarUpANi (jayamate) vAma nIce upara upara vINA mAlA kamala mAlA pustaka varada mAlA vINA kamala varada kamala mAlA varada mAlA pustaka varada pustaka mAlA www.kobatirth.org nIce pustaka kamala pustaka pustaka kamala padma 7 kAmadhenu 8 vedagarbhA 9 IzvarI 10 mahAlakSI 11 mahAkAlI 12 mahAsarasvatI 2 mahAvANI For Private And Personal Use Only dakSa Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA vAma upara nIce vINA pustaka vINA kamala nIce upara varada padma varada pustaka mAlA abhaya kamala pustaka mAlA padma vINA pustaka mAlA kamala pustaka abhaya mAlA pustaka vINA padma 3 bhAratI

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devI-zakti-svarUpa 141 COPanta 4 sarasvatI 5 AryA 6 brAhmI 44ON 5) 7 kAmadhenu 8 vedagarbhA 9 IzvarI For Private And Personal Use Only

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142 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA 47. obout 10 mahAlakSmI 11 mahAkAlI 12 mahAsarasvatI gauri kA AyAtane-gauri kA vAmeM "zrI" dakSiNe siddhiH pazcime sAvitrI; naiRtye sarasvatI vAyavye bhagavatI; IzAnye gaNezaH agnime kArtikeya madhyamAM kirITa kuMDalAdi alaMkAra yukta gauri kI sthApanA karanA gauri ke prAsAda ke dvAra kI aSTa pratihAriNI dvArapAlikA nIce dI gayI haiN| dizA nAma prAyudha pUrva dvAre jayA-vAme abhaya, aMkuza, pAza, daMDa vijayA-dakSiNe pAza, daMDa, abhaya, aMkuza dakSiNa dvAre ajitA-vAme abhaya, kamala, pAza, daMDa aparAjita-dakSiNe pAza, daMDa, abhaya, kamala pazcima dvAre vibhaktA-vAme abhaya, vajra, aMkuza, daMDa maMgalA-dakSiNe aMkuza, daMDa, abhaya, vajra uttara dvAre mohinI-vAme abhaya, zaMkha, padma, daMDa staMbhinI-dakSiNe padma, daMDa, abhaya, zaMkha caMDikA devI ke prAsAda ke dvAra ke aSTa pratihAra dvArapAla: dizA nAma prAyudha pUrva dvAre vatAla-dakSiNe tarjanI, khaTvAMga, Damaru, daMDa koTara (kara)-vAme Damaru, daMDa, tarjanI, khaTvAMga dakSiNa dvAre piGgalAkSa-dakSiNe abhaya, khaDga, gadA, daMDa bhRkuTa-vAme gadA, daMDa, abhaya, khaDga pazcima dvAre dhUmraka-dakSiNe tarjanI, vajra, aMkuza, daMDa kukkuTa-vAme daMDa, aMkuza, vajra, tarjanI uttara dvAre raktAkSa-dakSiNe tarjanI, trizUla, khaTvAMga, daMDa sulocanA (trilocana)-vAme khaTvAMga, daMDa, tarjanI, trizUla For Private And Personal Use Only

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aGga : viMzatim dipAla prAcIna vaidika sAhitya meM dikpAla ko mahattva kA sthAna diyA gayA hai| prAcIna sAhitya meM cAra dizAoM ke dikpAloM meM indra, yama, varuNa aura soma ko prathama sthAna diyA gayA hai| unake sUkta aura RcAeM vadoM meM haiN| usake bAda ke samaya meM vidizA-vikoNa ke dikpAloM meM-agni, naiRti, vAyu aura Iza ko sthAna dekara pATha dizApati deva ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiye gaye haiN| bAda meM adho pAtAla ke anaMta aura Urdhva-AkAza ke brahmA bhI pichale kAla meM dizApati ke rUpa meM mAne jAne lge| isa taraha 10 dikpAloM kA pUjana hone lgaa| vaidika aura jaina graMthoM meM ina saba dikpAloM ko lokapAla bhI kahA jAtA hai| prAcIna maMdiroM ke brAhmabhIti bhAga ko maMDovara kahA jAtA hai| isa maMDovara kI jaMghA meM-upAMgoM meM aneka devoM, deviyoM, devAMganAoM ke sAtha dikpAla kI mUrti bhI utkIrNa hotI hai| vahAM dikpAloM kI mUrtiyoM ko dizA ke anusAra sthAna diyA jAtA hai| maMdira ke kakSAsana kI vedikA meM, staMbhoM ke jagatI-vitAna (guMbada) meM bhI kabhI-kabhI dikpAloM kI mUrtiyAM hotI haiN| ATha dizA-vidizA ke uparAMta, adho-pAtAla meM anaMta kA sthAna, pazcima-naiRtya ke madhya meM aura UvAkoza meM brahmA kA sthAna, pUrva aura IzAna ke madhya meM zAstrakAroM ne nizcita kiyA hai| lekina ina do dikpAloM kI mUrtiyAM maMdira ke prAsAdoM meM kama dikhAI detI hindU aura jaina pUjAvidhi saMgrahoM kI taraha 10 dikapAloM kA bhI pUjana kiyA jAtA hai / dikpAloM kI mUrtiyoM ke sapatnIka svarUpa banAne ke ullekha 'viSNu dharmotara' tathA anya purANa prAdi graMthoM meM milate haiN| lekina aise sapatnIka dikpAloM ke svarUpa bahuta kama dikhAI dete haiM / delavAr3A ke caumukha maMdira meM aura DIsA ke siddhAMbikA ke maMdira meM aise sapatnIka dikpAloM ke svarUpa milate haiN| strI aura puruSa donoM dikpAloM ke varNa, Ayudha, vAhana aura bhujA ekase karane kA Adeza hai| dipAloM ko kirITa, mukuTa, kuMDala Adi AbhUSaNa pahanAne cAhiye / jainoM ke 'nirvANa kalikA' aura 'prAcAra dinakara' meM dikpAloM ke svarUpa do hAtha ke kahe haiN| pAraskara gRhyasUtra, agni, matsya, viSNu dharmottara, bRhasaMhitA, zrItatvanidhi, devatAmUrti prakaraNa, aMzumada bhedAgama, pUrvakAraNAgam, dveyAzraya aparAjita sUtra, zilparatnam, rUpamaMDana, aura abhilASitArtha ciMtAmaNI graMthoM meM do yA cAra bhujAyeM, vAhana, Ayudha, varNa Adi saMbaMdhI bhinna-bhinna mata pradarzita kiye gaye haiN| dikpAloM ke svataMtra maMdira ( vAyudeva ke atirikta ) kahIM dekhe nahIM jaate| pUjana-vidhi ke samaya dikpAloM ke nAma ke sAtha unake eka pramukha prAyudha kA bhI uccAra kiyA jAtA hai / dikpAloM ke mUrtisvarUpa meM prAdezika bheda kahIM kahIM pAye jAte haiN| dasa dikpAloM kA varNana pUrva dizA ke aura svarga ke devoM meM vaha adhipati mAnA jAtA hai| vedoM meM indra, agni aura sUrya ke svarUpoM kI stuti karate trimUrti kI kalpanA huI hai| bAda meM una svarUpoM kA parivartana hokara indra ko brahmA, agni ko rudra aura sUrya ko viSNu ke rUpa meM grahaNa For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #179
144 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA kiyA gayA hai / indra svarga ke, aura vAyu, AkAza, vRSTi, vidyuta Adi ke adhipati aura pUrva dizA ke dikpAla haiM / indra ko tIna yA sahasra nevAlA kahA hai| samudra maMthana se nikalA huA sAta sUMDavAlA hAthI usakA vAhana hai| vajra usakA pramukha zrAyudha hai| usakA varNa pIta 'devatAmUrti prakaraNa' aura 'rUpamaMDana' meM varada, vajra, aMkuza aura kamaMDala ko zrAyudha mAnA hai| usakI bAyIM ora saci ( sUlomA ) Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir stambha meM indra pratimA indrANI ko nIce kI ora khar3I kiyA jAtA haiN| usakI sevA meM apsarA aura gaMdharva hamezA hote haiN| usake Ayudha vajra, dhanuSavANa aura hote haiN| use zveta varNa kA aura vinevoM kahA hai| jaina loga use tane hue kaMcana varNa kA mAnate haiN| 'bRhada saMhitA' aura 'viSNu dharmottara' meM indra caudahavIM saMkhyA kA cinha vAcaka ( pratIka ) hai / 'amarakoza' meM indra ke 35 nAma varNita kiye haiM / 2. agni : vaha agnikoNa ke dizApati hai| vaidika devoM meM usakA sthAna mahattvapUrNa hai / use dhumaketU bhI kahate haiN| usake svarUpa varNana meM use tIna netra, cAra hAtha, do dAr3hIvAle mukha, tIna paira, cAra sIMga vAlA aura saptazilA jaisA kahA gayA hai| 'saMskAra bhAskara' aura 'zrI tattvanidhi' meM usakA svarUpa isa prakAra kahA gayA hai: sAta hAtha, cAra sIMga, sAta jIbha, do mukha, yajJopavIta aura tIna pairayukta usakA citrasvarUpa varNita hai| aise vicitra svarUpa ke kAraNa use yajJa-puruSa ke nAma se bhI pahacAnA jAtA hai / For Private And Personal Use Only

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vipAla 145 aisI vicitra mUrti dakSiNa bhArata ke cidambarama meM aura trAvaNakora ke kaMDIpura ke ziva maMdira meM haiN| isake alAvA do mukha, tIna paira aura cAra bhujAoM ke svarUpavAlI mUrti khajurAho aura moDherA ( gujarAta ) ke sUryamaMdira ke agnikoNa meM maujUda hai| aisI vicitra mUrtiyAM bahuta kama dikhAI detI haiN| isa mUrti kA varNa rakta hai, meSa kA vAhana hai aura mUrti ke paira ke pAsa agni jvAlA yukta kuMDa hai| mUrti ke donoM pora svadhA aura svAhA nAmaka usakI do patniyAM khar3I huI hotI haiM / agni kA mukhya prAyudha sUci zAkhA hai| usake cAra hAthoM meM kaI jagaha varada, zakti-kamala aura kamaMDala die hue hote haiM / zakti kI jagaha kahIM sUci bhI hotI hai| isa vicitra svarUpa ko agni yA yajJapuruSa bhI kahA jAtA hai| 3. yama: yaha dakSiNa dizA kA adhipati aura mRtAtmA kA mukhya deva hai| ise yAmyA bhI kahate hai| isake pitA vivasvAna aura patnI dhUmaurNI hai| zarIra zyAma varNa kA hai, bhaise kA vAhana aura mukhya prAyudha daMDa hai| manuSya ke karmoM kI noMdha karate do hAthoM meM lekhanI aura pustaka VE Pramayan pUrve-indra dakSiNe-yama hai| aura UparI hAtha meM manuSya ko mRtyu-kAla kI yAda dilAtA kurkuTa bhI hai| pAza aura daMDa kA Ayudha bhI zilA-zAstroM meM varNita hai| ur3iyA ke bhuvanezvara meM yama ke do hAthoM meM se eka daMDa diyA gayA hai aura bhaise kA vAhana kahA hai| use dharmarAja yA pitRrAja bhI kahate haiN| usake paira ke pAsa mRtyu praura vijayagupta kI choTI khar3I mUrtiyAM hotI hai| zrAddha meM yama kA pUjana hotA hai| 4. naiRtI : naiRtya koNa ke isa dikpAla kA svarUpa rAkSasa jaisA krUra mAnA gayA hai| bhUta, pizAca, rAkSasoM kA adhipati hone ke kAraNa use rAkSasendra bhI kahate hai| use bhairava aura kSetrapAla ke nAma se bhI pahacAnA jAtA hai| purANoM meM use ekAdaza rudra mAnA hai| usakA varNa harita hai| dUsare kaI loga mAnate haiM ki usakA zyAma dhUmraraMga hai| usake cAra hAtha haiN| usake hAthoM meM kanikA, khaDga, DhAla aura (nIce ke hAtha meM ) duzmana kA mastaka hotA hai| zilpagraMtha meM usakA vAhana zvAna mAnA jAtA hai| kaI aura matoM se usakA vAhana siMha, zaba, khara, yA nara bhI mAnA jAtA hai| 'aMzu bhedAgama' meM use dAr3hIvAlA mAnA gayA hai| aura usake AsapAsa sAta ramya apsarAeM dikhAI haiM / naiRtI ke liye UrdhvakezI mukuTa karane kA vidhAna hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

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146 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA 5. varuNa: varuNa pazcima dizA kA adhipati hai / vedoM meM usase sambaMdhita kaI sUkta haiM / vaha sAre vizva ko jalayukta karatA hai, isa liye use varuNa kahA gayA hai| jagata kA vaha prANAdhAra mAnA jAtA hai| karmakAMDa Adi vidhiyoM meM usakA pUjana kiyA jAtA hai| jalAzayoM meM usakI pratimAeM rakhI jAtI haiN| cAra bhujAoM meM pAza kA prAyudha mukhya hai| usake prAyudha varada, pAza, kamala aura kamaMDala mAne jAte haiN| usakA vAhana makara hai| anya mata se haMsa, mRga aura mIna bhI usake vAhana mAne gaye hai| usakA varNa zveta yA meghavarNa hai| usake dAyIM ora makaravAhinI gaMgA aura bAyoM ora kUrmavAhinI yamunA cAmara DhAlatI banAI gaI hai| kaI jagaha bAyIM ora patnI varuNI kA svarUpa bhI milatA hai| 6. vAyu: vAyavya koNa kA yaha adhipati hai / veda kI RcAoM meM ise devoM kA vAsa kahA gayA hai| mahAbhArata meM bhIma kA aura rAmAyaNa meM use hanumaMta kA pitA mAnA hai| vAyu-purANa meM usake aneka kathAnaka haiN| vAyudeva kA maMdira gujarAta meM pATana ke pAsa hai| 'vAyaDA brAhmaNa' aura 'vAyaDA vaizya' kA vaha iSTadeva mAnA jAtA hai| zAmalAjI meM vAyudeva kI guptottara kAla kI mUrti hai| usakA vAhana hariNa hai| usakA varNa zIta-zveta yA dhUmra hai| usakI cAra bhujAoM ke AyudhoM meM, Upara ke do hAthoM meM, do dhvaja aura nIce dAye hAtha meM varada aura bAyeM hAtha meM kamaMDala diyA jAtA hai| anya mata se pAza, padma, aMkuza aura daMDa bhI usake Ayudha mAne jAte haiN| usakI patnI zilA hai| 7. soma (kubera): uttara dizA kA vaha navanidhi adhipati hai| yakSoM kA adhipati aura devoM kA vaha koSAdhyakSa hai| bauddha saMpradAya meM use 'dhanAdhyakSa' yA jamala ke nAma se pahacAnA jAtA hai| usakI patnI kA nAma haritI hai, aura usakA vAhana hAthI hai| narayukta / pazcime-varuNa vimAna yA bakarI se jur3I gADI bhI usakA vAhana hai| usakA varNa zveta hai| aura kaI use aneka varNa kA bhI mAnate haiN| usakA peTa bar3A hai| usake cAra bhujAeM haiN| Upara ke do hAthoM meM nidhi-dravya kI thailI hotI hai| zilpiyoM ke mata se vaha phala, gadA, kuMbha aura For Private And Personal Use Only

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dikpAla kamaMDaladhArI bhI hai| usakA pramukha Ayudha gadA hai| soma kI patnI ke cAra hAtha hote haiN| usakA sthAna bAyeM utsaMga meM hotA hai| vaha piMgAkSa-vRkSidevI mAnI jAtI hai| laMkA meM usakI vaiSNava ke nAma se pUjA hotI hai| usake paira kI dAyIM ora zaMkhanidhi aura bAyIM ora padmavidhi nAmaka bhUta jaise balavAna bhayaMkara rUpa banAye jAte haiN| nIce kI ora vibhava aura riddhi devI ratnapAtra dhAraNa kiye hue khar3e hote haiN| dUsare hAtha se vaha kubera ko mAliMgana diye hotI hai| dakSiNe-yama uttare-kubera (anya mate) 8. Iza : IzAna koNa kA adhipati Iza ziva kA svarUpa hai| usakA varNa zveta aura vAhana vRSabha (naMdI) hai| vaha trinetrI hai| usake jaTAmukuTa meM ardhacaMdra hai| usakI cAra bhujAoM meM varada, trizUla, nAgendra aura bijora hai| anya graMthoM meM usake hI hAthoM meM trizUla aura varadamudrA mAnI gaI hai| vaha vyAghracarma, yajJopavIta aura jaTAmukuTa dhAraNa karatA hai| 9. anaMta : vaha pAtAla kA pradhodikpAla hai| usakA svarUpa nAbhi ke Upara manuSya rUpa aura nAbhi ke nIce sarpa rUpa hotA hai| vaha kamala para baiThA hA utkIrNa kiyA jAtA hai| usakA vAhana sarpa mAnA jAtA hai| usakA varNa sita yA kRSNavarNa hai| Upara ke do hAthoM meM trizUla aura noce bAyeM hAtha meM usane prakSamUtramAlA dhAraNa kI hai| balirAjA ke vacanAnusAra kaI unako viSNu kA rUpa bhI mAnate haiN| 10 brahmA : UvaM lokAdhIzvara dikpAla hai| usake cAra bhujAeM haiM, aura varNa suvarNa jaisA hai| usakA vAhana haMsa hai aura hAyoM meM pustaka, mAlA, zaMkha tathA kamaMDala hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

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148 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA 9/18 sa IzAnye-Iza agnikoNe-agni naiRtye-niRti vAyavye-vAyu Main naiRtye-niRti vAyavye-vAyu For Private And Personal Use Only

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dikpAla tees TOS PELa ALStus BLOUD ROEN JohSIL pazcime-varuNa izAne-Iza agnikoNe-agni CKEN MAP TM MAN / pAtAle-anaMta AkAze-brahmA For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #185
150 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA dikpAla svarUpa (rUpamaMDana) varaM vacAMDakuzau caiva stuMcI dhatte karaMstu yH| gajArutaH sahasrAkSa iMdraHpUrva dishaadhipH||3|| iti pUrva iMdra // 1 // varadaH zaktihastazca smRnnaalkmNddlH| jvAlApuMjanimo devo meSAruDho hutAzanaH // 2 // iti AgnevyA hutAzana agni // 2 // lekhinI pustakaM dhatte kukkuTa daMDameva ca / mahAmahiSasaMrudo yamaH kRSNAGga Irita // 3 // iti dakSiNe dharmaH (dharmarAja) // 3 // khaGgaM ca kheTakaM haste kArtikAvaMrimastakam / vraSTAkarAlavadanaH zvAnAruDhazca niRtiH||6|| iti naztyAM nitiH // 6 // baratuMbIpAzapaya hastaM bibhrat RcA cayam / nakArutaH sa kartavyo varuNaH pshcimaashritH||5|| iti pazvime vrunnH||5|| varadhvajapatAkAM ca kamaMDaluM karardadhat / mugAruDho haridvarNaH pavano vAyudikpatiH // 6 // iti vAyavye vAyudevaH // 6 // gadA nidhi bIjapura kamaMDaludharaH krH| gajAruDhaH prakartavyaH dhanadazcottare tathA // 1 // iti kuberadhanavaH soma // 3 // varaM tathA trizUlaM nAgendra bojapUrakam / bibhrANo vRSabhAruDho IzAno dhvldyutiH||8|| iti izAneiza // 8 // ( rupamaMDana) brahmAnAgaccha saMtiSTha nuva vyvgrhststhaa| salokovAH vizo rakSa yathAsthAnaM namostu te // 9 // iti UrdhvaM brahmA // 9 // anaMtAgaccha cakrAsya kuurmsthaahiNgnnvRtH| aghovizaM rakSa rakSa anaMteza namostute // 10 // iti pAtAle anaMta // 10 // kaI vidhividhAna ke graMthoM meM dikpAla ke do prAyudha domjAye dhAraNa karane kA kaI anya graMtha meM varNa vAhana prAyudhoM kA matamatAMtara kahA hai| dikpAla ke pATha svarUpa kahe haiM / anaMta aura brahmA ke svarUpa kA ullekha nahIM hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

Page #186
aGga : ekaviMzatim graha svarUpa vaidika jyotiSa meM 27 nakSatra kahe gaye hai| usase 12 rAzi banI aura unake 7 rAzipati hai| apane sthAna para hone se unheM graha kahe jAte haiN| rAhu aura ketu kisI bhI rAzi ke svAmI na hote hue bhI unako grahamaMDala meM ginA jAtA hai| isa taraha grahoM kI saMkhyA (7+2) -9kI huii| sUrya, caMdra, maMgala, budha, guru, zukra, zani, rAhu aura ketu / mAnava jIvana ke sAtha nau graha, apanI gati aura sthAna ke kAraNa saMbaMdha kartA hone se, jyotiSazAsra meM unheM mahattva kA sthAna prApta hai| bhAvI prasaMgoM kI prAgAhI jyotiSI ginatI se karate haiN| devoM kI taraha unakA bhI vrata-pUjana kiyA jAtA hai| vedoM meM bhI grahoM ke ullekha haiN| grahoM meM sUrya kA sthAna prathama aura sarvocca hai| grahaviSayaka sAhitya uttara bhArata ke tathA dravir3a pradezoM ke graMthoM meM bahuta pAyA jAtA hai| unameM grahoM kA varNana karate hue unheM do yA cAra hAthavAle batAyA gayA hai| kaI grahoM ke Ayudha aura svarUpa meM bhI bhinnatA hai, aisA unameM varNana hai| agni, matsya, padma, viSNu dharmottara, bRhadsaMhitA, aMzumadabhedAgama, pUrvakAraNAgama, zrI tattvanidhi, devatAmUrti prakaraNa, dIpArNava, abhilASitArtha citAmaNi aura zilparatnam Adi graMthoM meM grahoM ke bAre meM pAlocanA hai| usameM kaI jagaha eka-vAkyatA nahIM hai, bhinnatA bhI hai| kamI adhika bhujA aura prAyudha vAlA kahA hai| pratyeka graha ke mAthe para kirITa-kuMDala honA hI caahie| anya alaMkAra bhI hone cAhie aisA nirdeza hai| navagrahoM ke svarUpa prAsAda ke vitAna (guMbada) meM, kakSAsana meM, jaMghA yA staMbha ke pATa meM utkIrNa hote haiN| jainoM ke zvetAMbara aura digaMbara saMpradAyoM meM grahoM ko gauNa mAnA gayA hai| phira bhI donoM saMpradAyoM kI vidhividhAnapUjA meM grahoM ko samAviSTa to kiyA hI gayA hai| jaina pratimA ke parikara kI gAdI ke nIce ke adhobhAga meM nava grahoM ke choTe svarUpa utkIrNa kiye jAte haiN| jaina graMthoM meM grahoM ke Ayudha, bhujA aura vAhana eka-se nahIM hai| nauvIMsadI ke 'nirvANakalitA' meM grahoM aura dikpAloM ko do-do bhujAvAle batAyA gayA hai| pUjana-vidhi ke maMtroM meM ekaeka Ayudha kA uccAra kiyA jAtA hai| grahoM ke mUrtisvarUpa meM prAdezika bhinnatA bhI dekhI jAtI hai| sUrya ke sivA anya grahoM ke svataMtra maMdira aura pramukha pUjya mUrtiyAM nahIM milatI hai| 12 yA 13vIM zatAbdI meM maMdiroM ke dvAra para uttaraMga ke paTTa meM navagraha saikar3oM kI saMkhyA meM paMktibaddha rUpa meM utkIrNa dekhane ko milate haiN| navagrahoM ke varNana 1. sUrya (SUN): vedoM meM svataMtra sUktoM dvArA Aditya kI bahuta stuti kI gayI hai| Rgveda ke eka sUkta meM sUrya ke chaha nAma, tathA atharvaveda meM aditi ke pATha putroM ke nAma, sUrya ke kahe haiN| 'taitirIya brAhmaNa' meM bhI pATha nAma kahe haiN| 'zatapatha-brAhmaNa' meM bAraha kahe haiM, unheM 12 mahIne ke sAtha ginAye haiN| ina saba graMthoM meM sUrya kA 'arIyamana' nAma diyA hai| usakA artha hai 'mitra' / pArasI dharmagraMtha 'avestA' meM bhI yahI nAma hai| 'vivastrata' sUrya kA svarUpa IrAnI devatA meM hai| Rgveda meM sUrya ko 'pUzana' kahate haiN| zaurapakSa meM IrAnI prajA kA For Private And Personal Use Only

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152 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA saMbaMdha sUcaka hai| bhArata meM sUrya pUjA kA prAbalya bar3hane kA eka kAraNa hai| mukhya paMcAyata devoM meM sUrya kA sthAna hai| madhyayuga taka sUryapUjA kA aura usake maMdiroM kA bahuta mahattva thaa| bAda meM sUrya kA mahattva anya grahoM jaisA gauNa ho gayA aura usake svataMtramaMdira bhI kama banane lge| mor3herA kA sUryamaMdira atyaMta prAcIna hai| vaise hI grIsa meM bhI sUryamaMdira bane the| lekina aba sUryamaMdira nahIM bnte| aphagAnistAna meM bhI sUrya kA svarUpa hamArI mAnyatA se hI milatA-julatA hai| 'devatA mUrti prakaraNa' meM sUrya ke bAraha svarUpa, cAra bhujAoM vAle kahe haiN| Upara ke donoM hAthoM meM kalaza, dUsare do hAthoM meM mAlA, zaMkha, cakra, varada, pAza, trizUla, gadA, sakhA Adi meM se koI bhI do Ayudha rahate haiN| * samA SURYADEV sUryadeva 'dIpArNava' graMtha meM sUrya ke teraha nAma aura svarUpa kahe haiM / aura unhI sabhI ko do hAtha vAle kahe haiN| kamala, zaMkha, vajra, daMDa, phala aura cakra usake Ayudha haiN| sUrya kI mUrti samapAda mudrA meM khar3I hotI hai / mUrti ke donoM hAthoM meM daMDavAle kamala hote haiM / usakI chAtI yoddhA jaisI hotI hai| aura paira meM upAna ( holabuTa ) hote hI haiM / bagaira upAna kI mUrtiyAM bahuta alpa mAtrA meM dekhI jAtI haiM / sUrya kA varNa rakta-lAla hai| rAjJI, chAyA, nibhukSA aura suvarNasA nAmaka sUrya kI cAra patniyAM haiM / usameM rAjJI ko ranAdevI bhI kahate haiN| putra prApti kI icchAvAlI striyAM sImaMta prasaMga ke dinoM meM isa rAMdala mAtA kA pUjana karatI haiN| vizvakarmA kI isa putrI kA vivAha sUrya ke sAtha humA mAnA jAtA hai| sUrya pratimA ke parikara meM ratnA aura chAyA kI strI mUrtiyAM, daMDI aura piMgala nAmaka pratihAroM ke sAtha prAMkI jAtI haiM / sUrya kA vAhna saptAzva ratha hotA hai| usakA sArathI aruNa hai| 'pAgama graMthoM meM sUrya ke alaga hI nAma batAye haiN| sUryapUjA madhya eziyA meM se zaka jAti ke sAtha bhArata meM pAyI hogI, aisA anumAna usake veza paridhAna se purAtatvajJa karate haiN| vedoM meM bhI sUrya kI stuti hone ke kAraNa, vaha AryAvarta ke pATha devatAoM meM se eka mahattvapUrNa deva mAnA jAtA haiN| paMca devoM meM bhI sUrya kA sthAna hai (brahmA, viSNu, sUrya, maheza, gaNeza): kadAcit sUryapUjA pichale kAla meM gauNa banane se zaka jAti use pradhAna deva mAnakara vizeSakara pUjana karane lagI ho| 2. caMdra (MOON): nakSatra maMDala kA adhiSThAtA caMdra hai| veda, brAhmaNa graMthoM meM caMdra kA zarIra amRtamaya kahA hai| atri aura anasUyA se usakI utpatti For Private And Personal Use Only

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153 haI hai aisA vidhAna purANa meM hai| bhinna-bhinna graMthoM meM candra kA varNana hai| usake anusAra usakA varNa zvata hai, usake cAra bhujAyeM haiM aura dasa azva kA ratha usakA vAhana hai| siMha bhI usakA vAhana mAnA jAtA hai| kAMti aura zobhA nAma kI usakI do patniyAM haiN| 3. maMgala: (MARS) ... navagrahoM meM usakA sthAna tIsarA hai| use bhUmi putra kahA hai| usakA varNa rakta hai| usakA vAhana meSa hai| 'devatA-mUrti-prakaraNa' meM use cAra bhujAyukta kahA hai| anya graMthoM meM use do bhujAyukta bhI kahA hai| kaI graMthoM meM pATha ghor3e ke ratha kA, to kaI jagaha ATha bakare ke rapa kA vAhana kahA hai| jyotiSa zAstra meM use pApa graha kahA hai| usakI utpatti Adi varAha aura bhUdevI se hone kI saMbhAvanA mAnI gayI hai| kA eNaCHANDRADEV caMdradeva MANGAL maMgaLa 4. budhaH (MERCURY) caMdra aura rohiNI se buddha kI utpatti mAnI jAtI hai / usake cAra hAtha hote haiM, varNa pIta hotA hai, aura usakA vAhana siMha (de.mU. prakaraNa meM) mAnA gayA hai| kaI jagaha sAsana bhI kahA hai| cAra bhujAoM meM varada, talavAra, DhAla aura gadA hotI hai| anya mata se dhanuSa paura prakSamAlA bhI hai| 5. guruH (JUPITER) bRhaspati devoM kA purohita hone ke kAraNa, guru nAma se pahacAnA jAtA hai| vaha prAMgIrasa kA putra hai| usakA varNa pIta hai, aura vAhana haMsa hai| anya mata se usakA vAhana ATha ghor3e kA suvarNa ratha hai| usakI laMbI dAr3hI bhI hotI hai| cAra bhujAmoM meM varadamudrA, makSamAlA, kamaMDala aura pustaka hai| anya mata se pustaka aura prakSamAlA bhI hai| 6. zukraH (VENUS) bhagu kA putra aura daityoM kA guru zukra hai| usakA varNa zveta hai| usakA vAhana prazva hai| anya mata se usakA vAhana meMr3haka bhI mAnA For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpataMhitA jAtA hai| usakI cAra bhujAyoM meM varada, akSamAlA, kamaMDala, pAza hai| ATLOD SION yA BUDK GURU guru budha 7. zaniH (SATURN) vivasvAna Aditya ke putra zani kI mUrtiyAM dravir3a pradezoM meM prApta hotI hai| usakA bhaise kA yA anya mata se giddha kA vAhana hotA hai| usakA varNa zyAma (anya mata se harA yA bhUrA) mAnA jAtA hai| kada meM choTe aura laMgar3e zani kI cAra bhujAoM meM bANa, dhanuSa, kalaza mora abhaya hai| 8. rAhuH (RAHU) kAzyapa RSi kA vaha putra hai| devamaMDala meM kapaTa se samudramaMthana kA amRta pIne kA usane prayatna kiyA thA, taba viSNu ke cakra se usakA ziracchedana huA thA ! usakA vaha mastaka rAhu nAma se pahacAnA jAtA hai| usakA vaNaM zyAma hai aura vAhana siMha hai| anya mata se use agnikuMDa meM biThAyA huA batAyA gayA hai| usakA mukha bhayaMkara hai| apanI cAra bhujAoM meM vaha varada, talavAra, DhAla aura zUla dhAraNa kiye hotA hai| rAhu kA mastaka siMha para pUjA jAtA hai / do bhUjA bhI hotI hai| 9. ketuH (KETU) vaha kAzyapa RSi kA putra hai / Upara kahI gaI kathA ke anusAra binA mastaka kA jo dhar3a (zarIra) pUjA jAtA hai, vaha hai ketu| dhaDa kA nAbhi ke nIce kA bhAga sarpapucchAkAra hai aura Upara kA bhAga puruSAkAra (mastaka ke sivaa)hai| usakA varNa dhUmra hai| anya mata se vaha zyAma varNa kA bhI mAnA jAtA hai| usakA vAhana sarpapuccha yA giddha mAnA jAtA hai| do bhujAoM meM varada aura gadA hai| vaha vaiDUryamaNi ke alaMkAra, aura mastaka para mukuTa dhAraNa kiye hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra graha svarUpa TOU SHUKRA zukra RAHU rAhU ATHIT SHANI zani KETU ketu Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 155

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA atha navagraha svarUpa [jayamata devatA mUrti prakaraNam ] sarva lakSaNa saMyuktaH sarvA'bharaNa bhuussitH| vimujazcakavaktazca shvetpNkjyukkrH||1|| iti sUrya // 1 // caMdrazcitte vidhAtavyaH zvetaH zvetAmbarAvRtaH / dazazvetAzvasaMyukta prAtaH spaMdane zubhe // 2 // dvibhujo dakSiNe pANI gavAM vimra yacodaram / vAmodho varado hasta iti caMdro nirUpyate // 3 // iti caMdra // 2 // dharApunasya vakSyAmi lakSaNaM citrakarmaNi / caturbhujo mevagAmI caaNgaarsdRshyutiH||3|| dakSiNaM bhUmigaM hastaM varadaM parikalpayet / kaThavaMzaktisamAyuktaM vAmau shuulgdaadhrau||5||iti maMgala // 3 // siMhAvaM yudhaM vakSye karNikArasamaprabham / pItamAlyAMmbaradharaM svarNabhUSAvibhUSitam // 6 // varavaM khagasaMyuktaM kheTakena smnvitm| gavayA ca samAyuktaM vimAnaM dozcatuSTayam // 1 // iti budha // 4 // pIto devagullekhyaH zubhazca mugunaMdana / cturbaahusmaaktshcitrkrmvishaardH||8|| varavaM cAmasUtraM ca kamaMDaladharaM tthaa| iMDinau ca tathA bAhU vibhrANaM parikalpayet // 9 // iti guru // 5 // azvAruDho mArgavazva shvetvrnnshcturbhujH| varadapAza turkobhargadayA ca suzobhitam // 10 // iti shukr||6|| zauritilasamAbhAsaM gRSAruDhaM caturbhUjam / varavaM bANasaMyuktaM cApabhUladharaM likhet // 11 // iti zani // 7 // siMhAsanasthitaM rAhuM karAlavadanaM likhet| varadakhaDgasaMyuktaM kheTazUladharaM likhet // 12 // iti rAhu // 8 // dhUmravarNo dvibAhuna gdaavrvdhaarkH| gRSyapRSThe samAlTo lekhanIyastu ketkH||13|| iti ketava // 9 // mahAn kirITinaH kuryAt navatAlapramANakAn / ratnakuMDalakeyUra hArAbharaNabhUSitAn // 14 // iti navAhA / / (jayokta) navagraha svarUpa varNana pRthaka pRthaka graMthoM meM matamatAMtara aparAjita aura rUpamaMDana meM navagrahoM kA do bhujA kA do Ayudha kahA hai| anya mata (de. mU. pra.) meM cAra bhujA kA caccAra Ayudha kahA hai| aise matamatAMtara se zaMkA nahIM karanI caahiye| For Private And Personal Use Only

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maha svarUpa 157 dvAdaza Aditya svarUpa (caturbhUja de.mU.pra. jayamate) sUrya svarUpa cAra bhujAmoM ko kahA hai| navavA puSA aura bArahavA viSNu svarUpa ko phakta do bhujA kahI hai| bAkI dasa sUrya mUrti kA cArabhujA meM uparake do bhujA meM kamala dhAraNa karAyA hai| sUrya mUrti kA saptAzvaratha vAhana anya graMthoM meM kahA hai / yahA~ vAhana kA ullekha nhiiN| 1 sudhAtA kamala mAlA kamaMDala 7 bhrama zUla sudarzana upara ke do hAtha meM kamala upara ke do hAtha meM kamala 2 mitrA somarasa amRta zUla 8 vivasvAna (vizvabhUmi) trizUla mAlA do hAtha meM kamala do hAtha meM kamala 3 AryamaNi cakra gadA do hAtha meM kamala do hAtha meM kamala mAlA vajra 10 savitA gadA sudarzana do hAtha meM kamala do hAtha meM kamala 5 varuNa cakra pAza 11 tvaSTA suvA-sakhA homa kA kallaM do hAtha meM kamala do hAtha meM kamala kamaMDala mAlA 12 viSNu kevala do hAtha meM sudarzanakamala do hAtha meM kamala pUSA bhaya dvAdaza Aditya svarUpam apahAvasa sUryamUrti (jayamata ) devatAmUti prakaraNam zRNa vatsa pravakSyAmi sUryabhedAMzca te jy| yAvat prakAzakaH sUryo tAvanmUtimirI dditH||1|| bakSiNe pauSkarI mAlA kare vAme kmNddluH| padmAbhyAM zobhitakarA sudhAtA prathamA smRtA ||2||iti sudhAtA 1 zUlaM vAmakare yasyA bakSiNe soma eva c| bhitro nAma trinayanA kusheshyvibhuussitaa||3||iti mitrA 2 prathame tukare cakaM tathA vAme ca kaumudii| mUrtiraryamaNo zeyA padmAloz2ahastinI // 4 // ityaryamA 3 akSamAlA kare yasya baLa vAme pratiSThitam / rohI mUrti prakartavyA pradhAnA pdmbhuussitaa||5|| iti ru 4 cakaMtu dakSiNe yasyA vAme pAzaH sushobhnH| sAvAraNI bhavenmUtiH pcvyaakrdyaa||6|| iti varuNA 5 kamaMDala dakSiNato'kSamAlA caiva vAmataH / sA bhavet sasmitA sUryamUtiH pavibhUSitA // 7 // iti sUrya 6 yasyAstu dakSiNe zUlaM vAmahaste sudrshnm| bhramamUrtiH samAkhyAtA pacahastA zubhA jayet // 8 // iti zrama 7 pratha vAmakare mAlA trizUlaM dakSiNe kre| sA vizvamUrtiH sukhadA pdmlaaNcchnlkssitaa||9|| iti vizvamUrti vivasvAn pUSA khastharavetitimujA paalaaNcchnaa| sarvapApaharA yA sarvalakSaNalakSitA // 10 // iti pUjA 9 bakSiNe tu gadA yasyA vAmahaste sudarzanam / pagrahastAtu sAvitrI mUrtiH srvaarthsaadhnii||11|| iti sAvitrI 10 savitA avaM ca dakSiNe haste vAme homajakIlakam / mUrtisvASTrI bhavevasyAH panme Urdhvakarada ye // 12 // iti tvaSTA 11 For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 158 4. rudra www.kobatirth.org 1. sudhAtA sudarzanakarA savye padmahastA tu vAmataH / etA syAt dvAdazamUrtI viSNoramitatejasaH // 13 // iti viSNuH 12 dhAtA mitro'ryamA rudro varuNaH sUrya eva ca / magovivasvAn pUSA ca savitAviSNuko / / 14 / / iti dvAdazAdityAnAM jayamate svarUpANi 2. mitrA 5. varuNa 3. AryamaNI bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA 6. sUrya

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graha svarUpa 159 Lal RISE 7. bhrama 8. vivasvAna (vizvamUrti) 9. pUSA 10 Spo.. 10. savitA 11. tvaSTA 12. viSNu For Private And Personal Use Only

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Acharya Shri Kailassagarsur Gyanmandir 160 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA atha trayodazAdityasvarUpam (vAstuvidyA dIpArNava) vAstuvidyA dIpArNava graMtha meM trayodazAditya svarUpa pRthaka prakAra ke kahe hai / teraha Aditya bhI do do bhujAoM ke sAtvika rUpa haiN| zaMkha, kamala, vaja, phala, daMDa aura cakra dhAraNa kiyA hai| teraha mAkaDa sUrya ko rathArUDha kahA hai, bAkI pratimA ke bAhara ke vAhana kA ullekha nahIM hai| anya graMtha meM saptAzvaratha kA ullekha hai| prAditya svarUpa trayodaza divya dIpArNava mte| krama nAma dAyA~ hAtha bAyA~ hAtha krama nAma dAyA~ hAtha bAyAM hAtha kamala 1 2 8 prAditya ravi gautama bhAnumAn zaMkha zaMkha zaMkha padma kamala vajadaMDa vaJcadaMDa phala dhUmaketu saMbhavadeva bhAskara sUryadeva zaMkha kamala vajradaMDa padaMDa zatadala lIlotarI zaMkha vajradaMDa 4 daMDa 5 11 zAcita divAkara satuSTa kamala vajradaMDa 12 suvarNa ketu 13 mArtaNDa cakra phala kamala kamala patra kamala rathArur3a atha trayodazAdityasvarUpANi (vAstuvidyA dipArNava) vizvakarmA uvAca athAtaH saMpravakSyAmi mAdityAMzca karadvayAn / bayovazAdityAnAM (pokta) rupaM zruNu vicakSaNa // 1 // prathame hastake zaMkhaH vAme padma ca hstke| prathamaM yadbhavennAma mAdityeti vidhIyate // 2 // iti mAvitya // 1 // prathame haste zaMkhastu bAme tu vajradaMDakam / dvitIyaM tuM bhavedyasya ravi ma vidhIyate ||3||iti ravideva // 2 // prathame dakSiNe haste vAme ca parakam / / tRtIyastu bhaved devo gautamastu vidhIyate // 4 // iti gautama // 3 // prathame padma tu haste vAme ca tadalaM kre| caturthantu bhavennAma bhAnu (mAna vidhiyato) mAniti sNkssitH||5|| iti bhAnumAn // 4 // prathame harate padma vAme zaMkhantu hstke| paMcamastu bhaved devaH zAcito nAma vizrutaH // 6 // iti zAcitadeva // 5 // prathame vajavaMDazca vAme tu vajradaMDakam / SaSThonusa bhaved devo divAkara vidhIyate // 7 // iti vivAkara // 6 // prayame vajradaMDaM ca vAme padma ca hastake // saptamaM tu bhavenAma dhUmaketuriti zrutam // 8 // iti dhUmaketu // 7 // For Private And Personal Use Only

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maha svarUpa prathame vanadaMDastu vAme zaMgaca hstke| aSTamastu bhavenAma saMbhaveti vidhIyate // 9 // iti saMbhava // 8 // prathame phalaM haste ca vAme zaGgastu hstke| navamastu bhavennAma bhAskarAkhyo vidhIyate // 10 // iti bhAskara // 9 // prathame phalaM haste tu vAme daMDana hstke| dazamastu bhavetrAma sUrya devo vidhIyate // 11 // iti sUryadeva // 10 // prathame cakra haste ca bAme panaM ca hastake / ekAdazo bhavennAma saMtuSTastu vidhIyate // 12 // iti saMtuSTa deva // 11 // prathamaM ca phalaM haste vAme padma tu hstke| dvAdazaH sa bhavennAma svarNa ketu vidhIyate // 13 // iti suvarNa ketu // 12 // umayahastayoH parathAruDhana sNsthitH| vayovazo bhaveda nAma mArtaNDastu vidhIyata // 14 // iti mataMNDa // 13 // iti tryodshaavity|| 1. prAditya 2. ravi 3. gautama For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 162 4. bhAnumAn 7. dhUmaketu www.kobatirth.org 5. zAcita 8. saMbhavadeva bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA 6. divAkara 9. bhAskara

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aGga : dvAviMzatim prakIrNaka deva gaNeza vinAyaka svarUpa N JRI jayA gAna Rddhi vinAyaka siddhi vijayA paMcAyatana meM aura sarva devoM meM gaNeza kA sthAna bar3A mahattvapUrNa hai| ve sarva vighnoM ke nAzakartA mAne jAte haiN| isIlie kisI bhI zubha kArya meM unakI prathama pUjA hotI hai| graMtha racanA meM bhI kavi sarva prathama unako stuti karake graMtha kA prAraMbha karate haiN| makAna, rAjamahala yA maMdira Adi sthApatya meM bhI prAraMbha meM gaNeza kA pUjana kiyA jAtA hai| dvAra ke uttaraMga meM bhI gaNeza pratimA kI sthApanA kI jAtI hai| isa taraha 'zrIgaNezAya namaH' se hareka kArya kA prAraMbha hotA hai| Rgveda meM bhI gaNapati zabda pAtA hai| "gaNAnAtvA gaNapati havA mahe" isa prasiddha RcA meM gaNapati kA smaraNa kiyA gayA hai| IsApUrva chaThavIM zatAbdI ke 'bodhAyana dharmasUtra meM 'gaNeza tarpaNa' diyA hai| usameM gaNeza ke aneka nAma diye haiM jaise: For Private And Personal Use Only

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164 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA 1 vighna vinAyaka 2 hasti mukha 3 ekadaMta 4 vakratuMDa 5 laMbodara prAdi / 'muvagala purANa' meM gaNeza ke 32 svarUpa unake nAma aura lakSaNa ke sAtha varNita kiye gaye haiN| 1 bAla 2 taruNa 3 bhaghana 4 pIra 5 zakti 6 dvija 7 siddha 8 ucchiSTa 9 vighna hara 10 kSipra heraMba Adi hara svarUpa haiN| bauddha saMpradAya meM gaNeza ko bhayaMkara tathA vighnarUpa mAnA gayA hai| usameM zabarI devI gaNeza ko paira ke nIce kucalatI dikhAI detI hai| gaNeza ko unhoMne sAMpradAyika deva mAnA hai| gaNeza kA sAmAnya svarUpa isa prakAra hai : suMDhavAlA hasti kA mukha, bar3A peTa, siMdUra varNa, TUTA huA ekadaMta, sAtha meM unakI do patniyAMRddhi-siddhi, (zuddhi aura buddhi) hotI haiN| vizeSataH ve lalitAsana meM baiThe hote haiN| kahIM khar3I mUrtiyA~ bhI pAyI gaI haiN| (1)zrI gaNeza svarUpa : daMDa, pharasI, padma aura modaka vAle gaNeza kA vAhana mUSaka hai| gaNeza siddhi ke dAtA mAne jAte haiN| (2) heraMba gaNeza : paMcavadha ke-pA~ca mukha aura tIna-tIna netra vAle heraMba-gaNezvara ko cUhe kA vAhana hai / ve sarva kAmanA se sAdhaka haiN| daza bhujA ke heraMba ke dAyeM hAthoM meM varada, aMkuza, daMDa, parazu aura abhaya tathA bAyeM hAthoM meM kapAla (khopar3IpAtra) dhanuSa, mAlA, pAza aura gadA hote haiN| ROIDIEO ANTERVS SHARE UNOr ADS TA ya ASIA paMcamukha heraMba gaNeza zudha budhanArI sahita zivapaMcAyata gaNeza parikara yukta (3) 'zilpa ratna' ke mata se ve sUrya jaise tejasvI hote haiM / inakA vAhana siMha kA hotA hai| tathA 10 bhujAyeM hotI haiM, jinameM varada, abhaya, modaka, daMDa, TaMka, dhanuSa, mAtrA, mudgara, aMkuza aura trizUla dhAraNa kiye hote haiN| unakA kamala jaisA zveta varNa aura suvarNa jaisA mukha kahA hai| (4) heraMba gaNeza kA tIsarA svarUpa isa taraha varNita kiyA gayA haiM: siMdUra varNa, tIna netra, sapheda kamala para baiThe hue ina gaNeza ke For Private And Personal Use Only

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prakIrNaka deva 165 pATha hAthoM meM abhaya, modaka, dhanuSa,TaMka, mAlA, mudgara, aMkuza aura trizUla hote haiN| (5) aSTabhujA heraMba : siMha kA vAhana, pA~ca mukha, tIna netra aura sUrya-jaise tejasvI, vastroM se zobhita ye heraMba gaNeza vizva ke artha-dAtA mAne jAte haiN| unakI pATha bhujAoM meM mAlA, aMkuza, modaka, parazu, kamala, sarpa, varada, aura sUMDa meM suvarNakuMbha hote hai| (6) dazabhujA heraMba : pA~ca mukha kI yaha heraMba kI mUrti pAMca bhinna-bhinna vargoM kI mAnI gaI hai| suvarNa, motI, harA, kamala aura caMdra-jaisA unakA varNa hai| tIna netra haiN| siMha kA vAhana nAga kA AbhUSaNa hai| sUrya-jaise tejasvI mukuTa meM caMdra dhAraNa kiyA huA hai| unakI dasa bhujAoM meM varada, udhameya, modaka, daMta, parazu (TaMka), mAlA, mudgara, aMkuza, trizUla aura kamala dhAraNa kiyA hotA hai| VASN SOr - paMcamukha heraMba gaNapati zudha budha nAri sahita (7) kSipra gaNeza: rakta varNa, caMdra-jaisI kAMti, tIna netra aura cAra bhujAvAle ina gaNeza ke Ayudha isa prakAra haiM : pAza, aMkuza, kalpavRkSa kI zAkhA, suvarNa kuMbha yA daMta dhAraNa kiyA hotA hai| (8) kSipra gaNapatiH hasti kA mukha, sUrya-jaise tejasvI nena, taruNa svarUpa, rakta varNa, mukuTa aura hAra se ye zobhita hote haiN| unakI cha: bhujAoM meM pAza, aMkuza, kalpalatA, svadaMta, sarpa aura bIjora hote haiN| (9) gajAnana : raktavarNa, aura hAthI ke mukhavAle ina gaNeza ke hAthoM meM ratnakuMbha, aMkuza, pharasI aura dAMta hote haiN| (10) vakratuMDa : bar3A peTa, tIna netra aura cAra hAtha hote haiN| unameM pAza, aMkuza, varada aura abhaya mudrA hotI hai| donoM bAjU siddhiRddhi hotI haiM / unake kAna bar3e hote haiN| (11) ucchiSTa gaNeza : cUhe para baiThe hue, tIna netra aura sarpa kA yajJopavIta hotA hai| TUTA huA dAMta, mAlA, parazu aura modaka unake cAra hAthoM meM hote haiN|| anya mata se bANa, dhanuSa, pAza aura aMkuzadhArI hote haiN| kamala para nagna svarUpa meM baiThe hote haiN| (12) nAgezvara (draviDa): dAyeM nIce hAthoM meM gadA, trizUla aura svadaMta tathA bAyeM hAthoM meM pAza, cakra, gannoM kA dhanuSa aura bIjora hote haiN| (13) rAtri gaNeza : suvarNa ke Asana para baiThe hue, tIna netra aura pIta varNa ke ina gaNeza kI cAra bhujAyeM hotI haiN| pAza, aMkuza, modaka aura dAMta dhAraNa kiye hote haiN| (14) bIja gaNeza : 'zilparatna' graMtha ke anusAra inakA svarUpa isa prakAra hai : hAthI kA mukha, bar3A peTa, aura cAra bhujAmoM meM mAlA, paraza, daMDa aura modaka hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

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166 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA (15) bIja gaNapati kA dUsarA rUpa isa prakAra hai : siMdUra varNa aura tIna netra haiM / cAra bhujA meM daMDa, pAza, aMkuza aura bIjoru hote haiN| (16) lakSmI gaNeza : kamala se vibhUSita, aura sarva AbhUSaNa se zobhita gaNeza ke agala-bagala unakI do paliyA~ zuddhi-buddhi yA tuSTi-puSTi hotI haiN| inake tIna netra aura cAra bhujAyeM hotI haiN| unameM dAMta, abhaya, cakra aura varada hote haiM / sUMDa meM maNiyukta kuMbha hotA hai / mUSaka kA vAhana hai / ye samudraputra lakSmI-gaNeza suvarNamaya hote haiN| kArtikeya kArtikeya ke aneka nAma haiM : skaMda, subrahmaNya, somskNdpaadi| vaidika vAGamaya meM ina nAmoM kA ullekha nahIM hai sirpha kumAra, kArtikeya, skaMda aise nAma milate haiN| purANoM meM inakI zakti viSayaka kathAyeM milatI haiN| ve ziva-pArvati ke putra mAne jAte haiN| devatAoM ke senApati honese unakA eka nAma 'senAnI' bhI hai| unhoMne tArakAsura aura koMca ko mArA thaa| unake 17 nAma aura svarUpa 'zaivAgama sekhara' graMtha meM diye haiN| mukha chaH honese ve SaDmukham khlaaye| kArtikeya : sUrya aura kamala-jaisA pIta varNa, taruNAvasthA,mayUra kA vAhana / zahara aura kheta ke daravAje para bAraha bhujA ke kAtikeya ko sthApita karanA caahie| kharvata (gA~va) meM cAra bhujA kI mUrti kI tathA grAma yA vana meM do bhujA kI mUrti kI sthApanA karanI caahie| vAvazamujA kAtikeya : bAraha bhujAvAle kArtikeya ke dAyeM hAthoM meM zakti,pAza, khaDga, bANa, trizUla, varada yA abhaya mudrA hotI hai| bAyeM hAthoM meM ve dhanuSa, patAkA, muSTi, tarjanI, DhAla aura kukkuTa dhAraNa kiye hote haiN| chaH mukha aura mayUra kA vAhana hotA hai| K AL/ jana 2. kArtikeya-skaMda subrahmaNya caturmukha kAtikeya : bAyeM hAthoM meM zakti aura pAza, dAyeM hAthoM meM talavAra, varada yA abhaya mudrA hotI hai| chaH mukha aura mayUra kA vAhana hotA hai| dvibhuja kArtikeya : bAyeM hAtha meM zakti aura dUsare hAtha meM kukkuTa hotA hai| vAhana mayUra kA aura cha: mukha hote haiN| aparAjita sUtram, matsyapurANa, rUpamaMDana, devatAmUrti prakaraNa, kAzyapa zilpa, agnipurANa, Adi graMthoM meM thor3e bahuta parivartana ke sAtha bhinna-bhinna svarUpa diye gaye haiN| For Private And Personal Use Only

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prakIrNaka deva 167 hanumAna-mArutI zrIrAmacaMdra ke parivAra meM hanumAna kA sthAna bar3A mahattvapUrNa hai| rAmacaMdra ke parama bhakta hone se unakI sthApanA rAmamaMdira meM avazya hotI hai| ve vAyu-maruta ke putra hone se mArutI ke nAma se prasiddha haiN| ve pratApI, banadehI paura balavAna haiM / ve rudra ke aMza mAne jAte haiN| unakI do prakAra kI mUrtiyA~ hotI haiN| eka naramukha kI aura dUsarI vAnara mukha kii| bAnara mukha kI mUrti ke cAroM ora vAnara sainya bhI ukerA jAtA hai| KARNA O Ramm sugrIva hanumanta-mArutI jAMbuvaMta (1) hanumanta svarUpa hanumAna kI mUrti ke do hAtha haiN| eka hAtha chAtI para rahatA hai yA usameM gadA rahatI hai| dUsare hAtha meM se parvata dhAraNa kiyA hotA hai| eka paira sIdhA aura dUsare ke nIce daitya yA panautI hotI hai| kamara para vastra baMdhA rahatA hai| rAmacaMdra ke sAmane ve dAsa-hanumAna kI mudrA meM hote haiM-donoM hAtha jur3e hue-praNAma mudrA meM hote haiN| (2) hanumanta : (brahmANDa purANa) : sugrIvAdi-samagra vAnara jAti sahita raktaraMgI locanavAle hanumanta-pIle vastra aura alaMkAra sahita bAyIM bhujA meM gadA aura pAza tathA dAyIM bhujA meM kamaMDala tathA UparI hAtha meM daMDa hotA hai| ve pIle keza aura suvarNa kuMDala se zobhita (3) paMcavakrA hanumanta (pAMca mukha ke hanumAna-sudarzana saMhitA): pA~ca mukha ke hanumanta ke tIna netra aura dasa bhujAyeM haiN| ve sarva kAmanA, artha aura siddhi ko denevAle haiN| pUrva mukha sUrya-jaisA tejasvI hai, lekina unnata bhRkuTIvAlA usakA svarUpa bhayaMkara haiN| dakSiNa mukha narasiMha-jaisA ugra, adbhuta aura tejasvI hai| pazcima mukha garur3a-jaisA hai| Ter3he mukha bAlA yaha mukha mahAbalavAna hai, jo nAga ke viSa ko haratA hai| uttaramukha varAha-jaisA zyAma dIpta rUpa hai| vaha jara roga kA nAza karatA hai, aisA mAnA jAtA hai / pA~cavA mukha azva kA hai, vaha ghora dAnava kA nAza karatA hai| rudrarUpa hanumanta dayA ke sAgara haiM / ve pItAMbara-mukuTa se zobhita haiM / ve pIlI A~khoMvAle haiN| unakI dasa bhujA meM khaDga, trizUla, khaTavAMga, pAza, aMkuza, parvata, muSTi, gadA, kamaMDala aura dasavIM bhujA jJAnamudrA kI hai| ve panotI para khar3e haiN| sarva prAbhUSaNoM se zobhita divyamAlA aura divyagaMdhakoM kA legana kiye hue ye paMcamukhI hanumAna bar3e hI prabhAvazAlI lagate haiN| For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA 168 ANOON YEAR .203 STER bADRISTISTES ENA ANDU rAma paMcAyatana hanumanta sugrIvAdi vAnaroM sahita ITSAR zrIvizvakarmA jaya, maya, tvaSTA, aparAjita cAra mAnasaputroM sahita S 3 For Private And Personal Use Only

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prakIrNaka deva 169 (4) paMcamukha hanumAna : ina hanumAna ke pAMcoM mukha vividha prakAra ke haiM, jaise vAnara, narasiMha, garur3a, varAha aura azva / hareka mukha ke tIna-tIna divya cakSu hote haiN| unakI dasa bhujA meM kamala, talavAra, DhAla, pustaka, amRta kuMbha, aMkuza, hale, khaTvAMga aura sarpa hote (5) ekAvazamukha hanumanta (agastya saMhitA): ye gyAraha mukha ke hanumAna haiM / pUrva kA mukha vAnara kA, agni koNa kA kSatriya, dakSiNa kA narasiMha, naiRtya kA kSetrapAla gaNa, pazcima kA garur3amukha, vAyavya meM bhairavamukha, uttara meM kuberamukha, IzAna meM rudramukha, Upara kA azvamukha tathA nIce zeSamukha hotA hai| rAma ke ye dUta mahAbalavAna hote hue bhI saumya rUpavAle haiN| dAsa-hanumanta paMcamukha rudra hanumanta vizvakarmA (1) vizvakarmA : vAstuzAstra ke adhiSThAtA deva brahmA kA hI svarUpa hai| vizvakarmA cAra bhujA ke hote haiN| unake hAthoM meM sUtra-mAlA, pustaka, gaja (kaMbA) aura kamaMDala hotA hai| inake eka mukha, tIna netra aura haMsa kA vAhana hotA hai| agnipurANa meM do bhujA ke lokapAla-vizvakarmA varNita kiye gaye haiM / ve mAlA aura pustaka dhAraNa kiye hote haiN| For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 170 www.kobatirth.org vizvakarmA - cAra mAnasaputra Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir (2) mahA vizvakarmA : Izvara jaisI kIrtivAle inhoMne hI brahmAMDa kA sarjana kiyaa| brahmA jaisA hI varNa hai| pUrva ke mukha ko vizva bhiruti kahate haiM, dakSiNa ke mukha ko vizvavi, pazcima ke mukha ko vizvasraSTA aura uttara ke mukha ko vizvastha kahate haiM / vizvakarmA ke ye cAra mukha bhinna-bhinna svarUpa ke pratIka haiN| jaise pUrvamukha vizvakarmA, dakSiNamukha maya, pazcimamukha manu, zraura uttaramukha tvaSTA hai / vizvakarmA ke putra ko sthapati kahate haiM / maya ke putra ko sUtragrAhI, tvaSTA RSiputra ko vardhakI aura manu ke putra ko takSaka kahA hai| isa taraha cAroM dizA ke cAra mukha ke nAma aura unake putra zAstroM meM varNita kiye gaye haiM / vizvakarmA ke dasa bhujA kA svarUpa kahA hai| alaga-alaga vyavasAyI apane-apane zraujAroM ke Ayudha batAte haiM / bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA anya mUrtiyAM 1. RSimUrti mAthe para jaTA, dAr3hIvAle, zAMta aura dhyAna meM baiThe hue RSimuni ke do hAtha hote haiN| unameM kamaMDala aura mAlA hotI hai| : 2. buddhamUrti ye padmAsana meM baiThe hue hote haiN| hAtha aura paira meM kamala kI rekhA aMkita hotI hai| prasanna mukhAkRti hotI hai| yaha buddha kA Adi svarUpa hai / buddha saMpradAya meM bAda meM unakI pratimAoM ke lakSaNa, nAma, avatAra Adi bhinna-bhinna svarUpa meM varNita kiye gaye / yahA~ buddha pratimAvarAha saMhitA ke anusAra jagata ke sAkSAta pitA ke rUpa meM mAnI jAtI hai| For Private And Personal Use Only 3. jina pratimA: pairoM kI gA~Tha taka kI laMbI bhujAvAlI, zrIvatsa vihRta se zobhita, zAMta prakRti kI yaha pratimA sadA taruNa avasthA meM yauvanapUrNa hotI hai| jaina tIrthaMkara kI isa khaDI kAyotsarga pratimA kA svarUpa bar3A prabhAvazAlI lagatA hai / caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI Asanastha - padmAsana meM baiThI huI pratimAoM kA svarUpa eka hI taraha kA hotA hai| Age diye hue lakSaNoM (pratIka), lAMcchana se patA calatA hai ki ve kaunase tIrthaMkara haiN| guptakAla aura Age ke kAla kI mUrtiyA~ lAMcchana nahIM hotI thI /

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prakIrNaka deva 171 4. yajJamUrti vRSabha (go. bA.): yajJavRSabha ke cAra veda rUpI cAra sIMga haiN| prAtaH, madhyAhna aura saMdhyArUpI tIna paira haiN| brahmodana pravajya ke do mastaka haiN| maMtra, kalpa aura brAhmaNa Adi unakA zarIra hai| gAyatrIAdi sAta chaMda rUpI sAta hAtha haiN| yajJavRSabha vizva meM huMkAra karatA hai| sabhI prANiyoM kA vaha AtmA mAnA jAtA hai| 5. yajJa puruSa : do pakSa meM jvAlA sahita kuMDa, mastaka para jvAlA, tIna netra, do mukha, kUrca dADhIvAlA, cAra vedarUpa, cArazIM prAta, madhyAhna aura saMdhyA rUpI tIna pAu (pAda), cAra bhujA, sakhA, cakra, zaMkha, dhRtpaatr| vAmapakSe svadhAdevI, dakSiNe svAhAdevI kA choTA svruup| pAu pAsa hotA hai| 6. azvinI kumAraH viSNu dharmottara' ke anusAra ye padmapatra para baiThe hue, suvarNa varNa ke, do bhujAvAle hote haiM / ve sarva prAbhUSaNa .dhArI haiN| devIdevoM ke vaidya mAne jAte haiN| dAyeM hAtha meM ratnapAtra meM auSadhI aura bAyeM hAtha meM pustaka hotI hai| caMdra-jaise inake zveta vastra hote haiN| azvinIkumAra yauvanA svarUpa yAna hai| 7. dvAdaza sAdhyagaNa pratimA: skaMda purANa ke anusAra ye sabhI sAdhvagaNa padmAsana meM baiThe hote haiN| kamala aura mAlA dhAraNa karane vAle ye dharmaputra mahAtmA ke bAraha pUjanika mAne gaye haiN| pa SEN buddha mUrti prAditya sUrya inake alAvA bhI anya kaI pratimAyeM haiM / jaise dharmamUrti; usameM jJAna, vairAgya aizvarya, pRthvI aura AkAza ke svarUpa haiN| aSTa vasuoM kI mUrtiyAM isa prakAra haiM : aSTa vasu 1 ghara 3 soma 5 anila 2 dhama 4 Apa 6 nala unheM prabhAsa ke putra vizvakarmA kahalAte hai| vizvakarmA bhRgaRSi kA bhAnajA hotA hai| 7 prabhuSa 8 prabhAsa For Private And Personal Use Only

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aGga : trayoviMzatim jaina prakaraNa bhAratavarSa ke dhArmika pravAhoM meM sanAtana vaidika, jaina aura bauddha ina tIna saMpradAyoM kA pravAha kama-jyAdA mAtrA meM bahatA hI rahA hai| ina tInoM saMpradAyoM meM kaI tattva samAna hone se unakI kaI vizeSatAyeM mila-jula gaI haiN| bauddha saMpradAya meM jise nirvANa kahA gayA hai, usIko vaidika saMpradAya mokSa kahate haiM / prAtmamukti ko jaina saMpradAya meM mokSa yA kaivalyapada kahate haiN| jainoM meM mokSa kA parama sAdhana karmakSaya kahA hai| dharma ke niyama aura siddhAMtoM kA jJAna-samyaka jJAna-ucca jJAna prApta karake use vyavahAra meM lAne ko samyaka-caritra kahate haiN| isa mahAmArga meM anubhavasiddha-jJAna prApta karanevAle 24 tIrthakara hue haiN| unhoMne kevalajJAna prApta karake mokSa dvArA 'jinapada' prApta kiyA haiN| jo tIrthaMkara dharma kA pAlana karake dUsaroM ko prAtma-darzana kA mArga dikhAye, use tIrthakara ke nAma se saMbodhita kiyA jAtA hai| ve satya, prakAza, aura punargati de kara jagata kA kalyANa karate haiM / jaina dharma meM caubIsa jina hue| vaidika dharma meM vaise caubIsa avatAra hue, ' usI taraha buddha bhI caubIsa hue| jainoM ke prathama tIrthakara AdinAtha RSabhadeva hue| aMtima mahAvIra svAmI hue| 23 veM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha aura aMtima mahAvIra svAmI kA samaya krama purAtattvavidoM ne pAMca se sAta hajAra varSa kA mAnA hai| bAkI ke tIrthakaroM kA jaina graMtha aura purANa ke kathanAnusAra hajAroM varSa kA samayakrama mAnA gayA hai| jainoM meM IsApUrva cauthe-pA~cave zataka meM hI mUrtipUjA pracalita thii| usa samaya bhArata meM jaina dharma kA bahuta hI prAbalya thaa| jainoM ke bahuta se maMdira aura mUrtiyA~ usa samaya banI thiiN| * jaina tIrthaMkara vItarAga kahalAte haiM / isaliye unakI mUrtiyAM dhyAnastha rUpa meM nagna zarIra se padmAsana meM baiThI hotI haiN| chAtI mudrAyukta, vakSa pradeza-chAtI meM zrIvatsa hotA hai| mAthe para bAloM kA guccha hotA hai| zvetAMbara pratimA ko kaccha hote haiN| ___ * dUsare prakAra kI mUrti tapa kA bhAva vyakta karatI huI kAyotsarga-mUrti hai| 'bRhad saMhitA' meM kahA hai ki paira kI gAMThoM taka pahuMce hue hAtha chAtI meM zrIvatsa kA cihna, taruNa, suMdara, prazAnta mahaMta deva kI mUrti saumya, zAMta, dhyAnastha mudrA kI banAnI caahie| jainoM ke do saMpradAya haiN| digaMbara aura shvetaaNbr| digaMbara saMpradAya kA pracAra usa samaya bhArata meM bahuta thA / zvetAMbara saMpradAya kA prAbalya bhI kaI pradezoM meM thaa| ina donoM saMpradAyoM meM tIrthakara kI mUrti prAsanastha aura urdhvastha eka sI hI rahatI hai| digaMbara saMpradAya meM mUrti nagna hotI hai / zvetAMbara saMpradAya meM vastra hote haiN| usameM guhyabhAga nahIM dikhAyA jAtA jabaki digaMbara kI baiThI huI mUrti kI paira ko lalATa-kapAla, nAsikA, haDDI, galA, hRdaya, nAbhi, guhya, do kara, goThaNa, mukhya tIna bhAga 13, 3, 10, 14, 4, 4, 856 kula jina Asanastha baiThI pratimA kA vibhAga ykss| baiThI pratimA ke kula 56 bhAga hote haiN| khar3I kAyotsarga pratimA ke 108 bhAga hote haiN| use nava tAla kI pratimA kahate haiM / mukha, galA, hRdaya, nAbhi, guhya uru, sAthala, jAnu, goThaNa, adhApaja, paad| bhAga 13, 3, 10, 14, 12, 24, 4, 24,4-108 kula bhAga jina urvAratha khaDI pratimA kI 108 bhaag| jina pratimA kA baiThA huA svarUpa sabhI tIrthaMkaroM kI mUrtioM meM eka sA hotA hai| lekina usakI baiThaka para kiye hae lakSaNoM se lAMcchana (pratIka) jAnA jAtA hai ki vaha kauna se tIrthaMkara kI mUrti hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

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jaina prakaraNa 173 kuzANa se guptottara kAla taka lAMcchana kI prathA nahIM thii| lAMcchana navIM zatAbdI meM banAne lge| guptakAla kI pratimA kI gAdI meM dharmacakra mudrA aura gAMdharvI sahacarya hotA hai| prAcIna AdinAtha kI mUrti ke skaMdha para donoM ora bAla kI laTa hotI hai| kabhI tIrthaMkara pratimA kA upavita cinha bhI koI meM dikhAI detA hai| prAtihArya jaina tIrthaMkaroM ke pAlokya bhogya phalarUpa aSTa prAtihArya haiN| ve jahA~-jahA~ jAte haiM vahA~ para pATha vastue~ upasthita rahatI haiN| 1 azokavRkSa 2 divyadhvani 3 siMhAsana 4 devaduMdubhi 5 puSpavRSTi 6 cAmara 7 prabhAmaMDala 8 chatra ye pATha vastue~ jinezvara bhagavAna ke prAtihArya haiM / isaliye unheM bhagavAna kI mUrti ke parikara meM sthAna diyA gayA hai| vaidika saMpradAya ke anukaraNa meM tIrthakaroM ke sAtha parivAra kA-deva, yakSa, yakSiNI, vidyAdeviyA~, zAsana devI Adi kA praveza huaa| ina sabhI ko jina bhagavAna ke sAtha rakhane kA pracAra bAda meM humaa| kAlAMtara meM jaina saMpradAya meM aihika kAmanAyeM paripUrNa karane ke liye kaI tAMtrika vidhi-vidhAna bhI zurU hue| usake sAtha hI devIdevatA ke pUjana, arcana, balidAna Adi ke tAMtrika graMtha astitva meM aaye| navagraha, dikpAla, gaNeza, lakSmI, mAtRkAyeM, zAsana deva-deviyAM, vidyAdevI, padmAvatI, cakrezvara, maNibhadra, ghaMTAkarNa, siddhidAvikA Adi deva-deviyoM kA sAMpradAyika graMthoM meM, vaidika saMpradAya kI taraha, unake taMtra-maMtrAdi evaM sAhitya ke sahita praveza huaa| parikara kI racanA bhagavAna kI baiThaka ke nIce ke bhAga ko gAdI (gaddI) kahate haiN| usakI pATalI-gAdI ko madhya meM devI aura usake do prora siMhahAthI Adi hote haiM / aMta meM dAyIM ora tIrthaMkara se yakSa-aura bAyIM ora yakSiNI rahatI hai / tIrthaMkara ke donoM ora skaMdha taka do khar3I hubhI indra kI mUrti (yA kAusagga kI mUrti) hotI hai| usake Upara bIca meM gola chatra hote haiN| usameM azoka vRkSa ke patroM kI paMktiyA~, gaMdharva-nRtya karate svarUpa, bagala meM donoM ora devatA baiThakara vAdya bajAte haiM, aisA svarUpa tathA donoM ora indragAMdharva puSpahAra pahanAte hoM, aisA svarUpa hotA hai| vahA~ do bAjU hasti, madhya meM deva, Upara chatra, usake Upara divyadhvani zaMkha bajAtA gaMdharva aura usake donoM ora divya dhvani karate vAdyamaMtra deva hote haiN| mukhya pratimA kA parikara karanA Avazyaka haiN| parikara yukta deva pratimA ahaMta kahalAte haiM aura binA parikara kI pratimA siddha bhagavAna kI kahalAtI hai| parikara do prakAra ke hote haiN| eka indrayukta aura dUsarA paMcatIrthoM kaa| usameM do ora kAusagga aura usapara jina mUrti tathA madhya meM mUlanAyaka kI mUrti, saba kula pAMca mUrtiyAM hotI haiN| ise paMcatIrthoM ko parikara kahate haiN| siMhAsana kI pATalI meM nau gRhoM ke choTe svarUpa banAye jAte haiN| guptakAla ke pahale parikara kI prathA nahIM hogii| mathurA aura gAMdhAra zilpa meM aisI usakI pratimA se hama yaha jAna sakate haiN| usa samaya pratimA ke nIce gAdI meM dharmacakra aura usake do pora mRga yugma utkIrNa kiye jAte the aura pratimA ke Upara gaMdharva sAhacarya kI prathA thii| azoka vRkSa, puSpavRSTi, siMhAsana, cAmara, divyadhvani, prabhAmaMDala, devaduMdubhi, aura chatra yeATha vastue~ jinezvara bhagavAna ke prAtihArya mAne jAte haiM / isalie unheM jaina bhagavAna kI mUrti ke parikara meM sthAna diyA gayA hai| parikara kA pratyeka vibhAga zAstrokta hai| aura usI prakAra parikara taiyAra hotA hai| vaidika devI para parikara-dUsare prakAra kA hotA hai| do ora thamI Upara toraNA banatA hai| dUsare viSNu parikara dazAvatAra vAle sUrya navagraha se prAvRtta hote haiM, devI kA parikara sapta mAtRkA AvRta hote haiM / jaina parikara kA vibhAga yukta saMpUrNa pAlekhana pUrvAdha meM diyA gayA hai| jaina saMpradAya meM prAcIna devavAda meM pradhAna cAra varga jainoM ke prAcIna devavAda meM cAra pradhAna varga haiN| 1 jyotiSI, 2 vaimAnika, 3 bhuvanapAla, 4 vyNtr| (1) jyotiSI-nava grhaadi| (2) vaimAnika-usameM do upavarga hai, uttarakAya aura anutarakAya / For Private And Personal Use Only

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174 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA TNA-N.COTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTONT NI pakSa darzana bhAga 28 THI LAADRIP . INALL RAL. kAALT .... jaina pratimA tAladarzana vistAra 56 28 pRSTha darzana . .. .. IITHILI IMAT. TKHI ITILL IIIIIII.V ALLITE udaya bhAga 70 LALTH IMG IMIRE IIMMER jaina pratimA vibhAga PAV jaina pratimA sanmukha vistAra bhAga 56 NAM THIFieloE MIZA zrA 4 . IT MAINALITILLITTTTTTTI For Private And Personal Use Only

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jana prakaraNa 175 1. uttarakAya meM sudharmA, IzAna, sanatkumAra, baso Adi deva haiN| 2. anuttarakAya meM pAMca sthAnoM kA adhiSTAyaka deva, indra ke pAMca rUpa haiN| uttarakAya anuttarakAya sudharmA, brahmA IzAna, sanatkumAra, pA~ca sthAnoM ke adhiSTAyaka deva indra ke pAMca rUpa : prAdi bAraha dev| vijaya, vijayaMtayavaMta, jayaMta, aparAjita, sarvArthasiddha / (3) bhuvanapAla meM asura, nAga, vidyuta, suparNa Adi 10 zreNI haiN| (4) vyaMtara meM pizAca, rAkSasa, pakSa, gaMdharva Adi zreNI haiN| ina cAra devavargoM meM vizeSa SoDazazruta yA solaha vidyAdeviyA~, aSTa mAtRkA Adi bhI jainoM meM pUjanIya haiM / jainoM meM vAstudevoM kI bhI parikalpanA hai| isa taraha jaina aura hindU (brAhmaNa) ke devavRnda kaI jagaha eka se haiN| bauddha pratimAoM kI taraha jaina-pratimAoM ke alaMkAra nahIM hote, kyoMki ve vItarAga haiN| jaina saMpradAya meM 24 tIrthaMkaroM ke atirikta bhinna deviyAM hai| 24 yakSa 16 vidyAdeviyA~ 24 yakSiNI 10 dikpAla 64 yoginiyA~ 9 navagraha 52 vIra Adi uparAMta kSetrapAla, pratihAra, lakSmI, sarasvatI Adi deva devatAoM kI mUrti pAyI jAtI hai| sAtvika vRttivAle jainadarzana meM prAraMbha meM tAMtrika vidyA kA praveza usameM nahIM hotA pIche ke yuga meM praviSTha hotA hai| kSetrapAla, pratihAra, lakSmI, sarasvatI, Adi anya devI-devatA kI mUrtiyA~ bhI pAyI jAtI haiN| 64 yoginiyA~ aura 64 vIra ke nAma jaina graMthoM meM diye haiN| tAMtrika prAcAra para pUjA ke prabhAva ke ve pariNAma mAne jAte haiN| bAda meM bauddhoM meM bhI tAMtrikatA kA praveza huA aura usake phala svarUpa vaidika devoM kI upekSA hone lgii| bauddhoM kI parNazabarI devI vighnarUpa gaNeza ko paira ke nIce dabAtI hai| bauddhoM ke hI lokya vijaya deva apane caraNa ke nIce ziva aura gaurI ko kucalate haiN| kaI tobrahmA ko jaTAse pakar3akara laTakAte haiN| isa taraha prAcInatama hindU-vaidika dharma ke devatAoM kI isa taraha kI avagaNanA yA mAnahAni-karane se hI saMbhava hai bauddha dharma ko bhArata se bAhara jAnA pdd'aa| jaina saMpradAya ne hindU devatAoM kI aisI krUra ha~sI nahIM kI hai, balki kaI hindU-vaidika devI-devatAoM ko to unhoMne svIkAra bhI kiyA hai jaise deza dikpAla aura navagraha ke svarUpa vaidika aura jaina saMpradAya meM bahutahI milatejulate haiN| isI vajaha se zAyada jaina dharma yahA~ TikA hai| jainAcAryoM ke amUlya graMtha sAhitya aura sthApatya dharma kI bar3I mahattA bar3hAte haiN| jana pratikramaNa ke pATha meM zAzvata jina caitya kA varNana kahA hai| sau jojana laMbe, pacAsa ke vistAravAle aura 52 ghATa U~ce maMdira prAcIna samaya meM banate hoNge| hone lgii| apane caraNa tama hindU- krama tIrthakara 1 RSabha deva bANa caubIsa tIrthakara kA varNa lAMcchana aura yakSa yakSiNI svarUpa varNa lAMcchana __ yakSa hema naMdI varada suvarNa varNa pAza cakra mAlA gomukha yakSA phala pAza gajAsana hemavarNa varada hAthI pAza zyAmavarNa abhaya mAlA mahAyakSa zakti varada mugdara cAramukha aMkuza gajAsana , azva gadA / vimukha yakSa nAga varada nakula mayUraH vAhana phala mAlA abhaya zyAma yakSiNI cakrezvarI - cakra apraticakra -dhanuSa garuDa vAhana vana hemavarNa aMkuza ajitA devI aMkuza gauravarNa phala gAya vAhana 2 ajita nAtha pAza varada 3 saMbhava nAtha zveta duritA devI phala abhaya zakti bheDA For Private And Personal Use Only

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176 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA krama tIrthaMkara yakSa yakSiNI varNa lAMcchana hema baMdara mAlA 4 abhinaMdana 5 sumati nAtha krauMca pakSI zakti varada meM 44 6 padmaprabhu rakta lAla varNa phala kamala abhaya 7 supArzvanAtha svastika pAza phala pAza kAlikA aMkuza varada ___ zyAma nAga kamala pAza mahAkAlI aMkuza varada padmAsana phala hemavarNa bANa acyutA devI dhanuSa varada nara vAhana abhaya zyAmavarNa mAlA zAMtA devI trizUla varada hAthI vAhana abhaya suvarNa talavAra bhRkuTI devI DhAla mugdara grAsa vAhana pharasI pItavarNa mAlA sutAza yakSiNI aMkuza varada naMdI zveta pAza azokA devI aMkuza varada kamalAsana kamala harAvaNaM 8 candraprabhu zveta caMdra cakra 9 suvidhi nAtha magara dha aMkuza phala 10 zItala nAtha hema mugdara pAza phala ba abhaya zyAmavarNa aMkuza Izvara yakSa nevalA hAthI vAhana tuMbaru yakSa pAza garuDa gadA zveta kusuma yakSa mAlA nIlavarNa nakula hariNa mAtaMga yakSa aMkuza hAthI vAhana nolIyA harA varNa vijaya yakSa mugdara haMsa vAhana nIlavarNa ajita yakSa kunta kUrma nevalA zveta brahma yakSa mAlA cAra mukha aMkuza tIna netra gadA kamalAsana nevalA gauravarNa Izvara yakSa nevalA trinetra mAlA naMdI vAhana gauravarNa kumAra yakSa dhanuSa zvetavarNa nevalA haMsa vAhana SaDmukha yakSa abhaya mayUra vAhana aMkuza zvetavarNa DhAla dhanuSa cakra nevalA pAtAla yakSa mAlA tIna mukha DhAla tIna netra nakula raktavarNa magara vAhana kinnara yakSa mAlA tIna mukha kamala 11 zreyAMza nAtha . khaMga gadA phala pakSI mugdara mAnavI yakSiNI aMkuza varada siMha vAhana kalaza zvetavarNa 12 vAsupUjya bANa lAla pAza bhaMsA zakti pracaMDA yakSiNI gadA varada azva vAhana kamala zyAmavarNa pAza viditA devI nAga kamalAsana dhanuSa nIlavarNa 13 vimala nAtha hema varAha mAlA pAza bANa bANa 14 anaMta nAtha hema zyena pakSI phala khaDga pAza khaDga kamala khaDga pAza aMkuzA yakSiNI aMkuza kamalAsana DhAla zvetavarNa 15 dharma nAtha , vajra abhaya gadA kamala kaMdarpA yakSiNI kamala aMkuza machalI vAru abhaya For Private And Personal Use Only

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jana prakaraNa 177 krama tIrthaMkara varNa lAMcchana yakSiNI gauravarNa 16 zAnti nAtha hema mRga kamala phala varAha 17 kuthu nAtha " bakarA pAza varada kamala nirvANI devI kamala pustaka kamalAsana kamaMDala gauravarNa trizUla balA (acyutA) padya mayUra vAhana bhuzaMDI gauravarNa padya dhAriNI devI mAlA kamalAsana pAza zyAmavarNa phala 18 ara nAtha naMdyA abhaya pAza mugdara khaDga bANa 19 malli nAtha nIla kalaza abhaya trizUla pharazI varada mAlA vairoDhaghA devI zakti varada zyAmavarNa kamalAsana 20 muni suvRta kRSNavarNa kUrma yakSa tIna netra nevalA kUrma vAhana raktavarNa garuDa yakSa mAlA nakula zyAmavarNa gaMdharva yakSa aMkuza haMsa vAhana phala zyAmavarNa yakSendra yakSa mAlA chamukha aMkuza tIna netra trizUla zaMkha vAhana DhAla zyAmavarNa dhanuSa nevalA kubera yakSa nevalA cAra mukha mAlA garuDa mukha mugdara hAthI vAhana zakti indradhanuSavarNa phala varuNa yakSa parazu cAra mukha dhanuSa tIna netra kamala zvetavarNa nevalA vRSabha vAhana bhRkuTi yakSa mAlA vRSabha vAhana vaja hemavarNa cAramakha parazu trinetrI nakula gomedha yakSa zakti trimukha trinetrI nakula kRSNavarNa puruSa vAhana pArzva yakSa sarpa gajamukha nakula zyAmavarNa kUrma vAhana mAthe para sarpa phaNA mAtaMga yakSa phala hAthI vAhana zyAmavarNa zakti bANa gadA mAlA varada trizUla naradatA bhadrAsana gauravarNa 21 naminAtha va nIla kamala abhaya mugdara khaDga gAMdhArI yakSiNI kuMbha varada zvetavarNa zakti haMsa vAhana 22 nemanAtha kRSNa zaMkha cakra varNa parazu trizUla aMkuza aMbikA devI pAmralaMbI nAgapAza siMha vAhana putra hemavarNa phala 23 pArzvanAtha nilAMga sarpa sarpa va zrI pAza padmAvatI aMkuza kamala kukkuTa: phala sarpa kA vAhana hemavarNa mastaka para sarpa phaNA abhaya siddhidAyikA vINA pustaka harA varNa phala siMhArUDha 24 mahAvIra vardhamAna svAmI hema siMha nakula / For Private And Personal Use Only

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178 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA yadeva kRSabhAnaMdI "hamavarNa - apatinakA cazvarI gAmamayasamAjAta gomukha yakSa (1) RSabha deva cakrezvarI yakSiNI hAsana ajinAtha rAyI hamavarSa - GRO - - maTAyA maveNI mahA yakSa AmanAgaurI (2) ajita nAtha ajitA devI For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra jaina prakaraNa mA vimukha pakSa samayakSa zyAmavarNa Izvara yakSa www.kobatirth.org 3 sapana OM bhUta (3) saMbhava nAtha gha AmanaMdana (4) abhinaMdana duritArI calavaka duritA devI kAlikA, zyAmavarNa. kAlikA devI 179

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180 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA sumatinAye tumbaruyakSAcanayo tuMbaru yakSa (5) sumati nAtha mahAkAlImapaNe mahAkAlI yakSiNI sumumayakSa bhIlava pramumAlalo adhutAsyAmAyaNa kusuma yakSa (6) padmaprabhu acyutA yakSiNI For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra jana prakaraNa mArtIyakSa liyA! mAtaMga yakSa vijayayakI kA varNa vijaya yakSa www.kobatirth.org supanAtha sthAnika hemavarNa (7) supArzva nAtha zAntAMdayA zvetA (8) caMdraprabhu mukhya zAMtA devI yakSiNI bhRkuTI yativarNa For Private And Personal Use Only bhRkuTI dakSiNI Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 181

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182 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA REHIRON sAvAyanAta - nayA ajitavAna ajita yakSa manAlA sutAza yakSiNI (9) suvidhi nAtha lanAye KIyatmalyAena kAraNa brahma yakSa (10) zItala nAtha azokA yakSiNI For Private And Personal Use Only

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jana prakaraNa 183 zreyArAnAtha syamIyahI - hemavarNa svAyata gorayA mAnavIyAkSaNI cAya mAnavI yakSiNI Izvara yakSa (11) zreyAMza nAtha kumArayA zvetapI kumAra yakSa, vAsupUjya (pAgalane lavI aghajJA zyAmayoM (12) vAsupUjya pracaMDA yakSiNI For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 184 mukhayakSa yamaca SaDmukha yakSa pAtAla yakSa raktavI pAtAla yakSa www.kobatirth.org 13 vimalanAtha 'varAha upaya (13) vimala nAtha 16 anaMtanAtha zyenayansI hemapUrNa (14) anaMta nAtha aMkuzAsi viditA viditA (vijayA dakSiNI) Te aMkuza yakSiNI bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA

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baiga prakaraNa NAY MORE phiparayakSa. kinnara yakSa kraya thAlanI gauravarSa kaMdarpA yakSiNI (15) dharma nAtha (d zAntInAtha mRga hemanI TARAN:yAma. nirvAdhI-gobhI (16) zAnti nAtha nirvANI yakSiNI garuDa yakSa garuDa yakSa For Private And Personal Use Only

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186 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA MA balAdevI gauraparNA gadharva yakSa (17) kuthu nAtha ___balA devI yakSiNI (acyutA) TAIN REYEW ALAN aranAtha nAyata pavA yakSendra yakSa (18) para nAtha dhAriNI yakSiNI For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra jaina prakaraNa phakrayakSa. iMdradhanu kubera kSa 8) varuNAya varNa varuNa yakSa www.kobatirth.org te mallinAtha. nIlavarNa (19) mallinAtha 20 munivRta bhUma svAma (20) mUrti guta For Private And Personal Use Only sthANI ya vairoDhyA yakSiNI Sha nAgau Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir naradatA yakSiNI 18

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188 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA 21 naminAya. nIlakamala. pIlavarNaH / mA . gApArI. mardiyA. remavI... bhRkuTi yakSa (21) naminAtha paNa. gAMdhArI yakSiNI IBN namanAya momeTIyADA. zyAmayA gomedha yakSa saravalyAzyAmako vikAsamA (22)nemanAtha aMbikA yakSiNI . For Private And Personal Use Only

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baina prakaraNa 189 jAyasa yAmApUrvanAtha pAtI hamANa mIzyAma (23) pArzvanAtha pArzva yakSa pradmAvatI yakSiNI . AT mAlayasamA sidhAkA mAtaMga yakSa (24) mahAvIra-vardhamAna siddhidAyikA yakSiNI For Private And Personal Use Only

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190 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA SoDaza vidyAdevI zAsana deviyoM kI taraha hI jaina saMpradAya meM 16 vidyA deviyA~ haiN| be bhinna-bhinna vidyA kI adhiSThAtrI haiN| unake prAyudha, parNa, nAma aura svarUpa jaina zAstroM meM isa prakAra diye haiN| prAyudha nAma __ varNa vAhana varNa vAhana Ayudha 1. rohiNI 2. prazyapti sapheda dhanuSa zaMkha gAya mayura mAlA varada bANa zakti zakti phala yA DAla 3. vajrazaMkhalA 4. vajAMkuzI zaMkha jaisA suvarNa kamala hAthI varada varada jaMjIra cakra jaMjIra aMkuza kamala bIjoru pannAMzI For Private And Personal Use Only

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aMga prakaraNa 191 bijalI jaisA garuDa 5. apraticakrA (cakrezvara) 6. puruSa dattA cakra varada cakra talavAra cakra DhAla cakra phala suvarNa bhaMsA X apraticakA. puruSadatA. 7. kAlI mAlA abhaya zyAma tamAla varNa kamala puruSa gadA vajra 8. mahAkAlI vana ghaMTA For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 192 9. gaurI 10. gAMdhArI 11. mahAjvAlA 12. mAnavI 11 marAjyAlA suvarNa nIlavarNa zveta zyAma www.kobatirth.org ghor3A kamala ye gaurI. varAha kamala varada zastra varada 12 mAnavI For Private And Personal Use Only muzala 31 rA zastra pAza kamala abhaya Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir vRkSa bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA 90 gAMdhArI mAlA vajra mAlA

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193 khaDga 13. vairAyA 14. acyutA zyAma ajagara bijalI jaisA prazva DAla sarpa bANa sarpa dhanuSya /1 acchatA. varada 15. mAnasI 16. mahAmAnasI zveta zveta vajra talavAra vana DhAla mAlA kamaMDala barada NAMK u mAnasI. mahAmAnasI. For Private And Personal Use Only

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194 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA yoginiyoM ke stItra aura vIra ke nAma jaina AgamasAra graMtha meM diye haiN| jaina saMpradAya kI zrUta devI kA svarUpa isa zrUtadevI kI taraha varNita kiyA hai : zrUtadevI : zvetavarNa, prabhAmaMDala aura sarva alaMkAra yukta ina yauvana rUpiNI ke tIna netra haiM / dAyeM hAthoM meM barada aura kamala haiN| bAyeM hAthoM meM pustaka aura mAlA haiN| zrI malliSeNAcArya ne vAgdevI ke svarUpa meM varada aura kamala ke sthAna para abhaya aura jJAnamudrA kahI hai| 'bappabhaTTa sUrive vINA, pustaka, motI kI mAlA aura sapheda kamala dhAraNa kI bAta kahI hai| padmAvatI: 'jayamAlA padmAvatI daMDaka' meM inakA varNana isa prakAra diyA hai| kukuTa sarpa para baiThI huI padmAvatI ke 24 hAtha haiN| inake prAyudha isa prakAra haiN| 1 vaca 7 DhAla 13 muzala 19 varada 2 aMkuza 8 khappara 14 hAla 20 vizUla 3 kamala 15 zava kA mastaka 21 pharazI 4 cakra 10 dhanuSa 16 talavAra 22 nAga 11 korA-parAI 17 agni jvAlA 23 mugdara 6 Damaru 12 bANa sakorA parAI 18 muMDamAlA anya matoM se isa prakAra ke bhI Ayudha haiM: 1 nAgapArA, 2 bar3A pASANa, 3 kukuTa, 4 sarpa maadi| 'adabhuta padmAvatI kalpa' meM cAra bhujA yukta padyAvatI kA svarUpa vaNita kiyA gayA haiN| 'bhairava padmAvatI kalpa' meM cAra hAtha ke prAyudha isa prakAra varNita kiye gaye haiM : pAza, phala, varada aura aNkush| kamala kA prAsana hai| tIna netra haiN| padmAvatI ke paryAya nAma isa prakAra haiM : yakSa maNibhadra : zyAma varNa kA yaha yakSa sAta sUMDavAle airAvata hAthI para baiThA hai / varAha-jaisA mukha aura dAMta dvArA jaina caitya dhAraNa kiyA hai| usakI cha: bhujAmoM meM bAyIM dAyIM bhujAyeM pAza aura DhAla, trizUla, mAlA, vAma bhujAyeM, pAza, aMkuza talavAra vAlI hotI hai aura zakti hotI hai| siMdUra lagAye hue kASTa ko maNibhadra ke rUpa meM upAzraya meM birAjamAna karate haiN| ghaMTAkarNa yakSa : ye ghaMTAkarNa mahAvIra sarva bhUta-prANImAtra kI rakSA karate haiN| upasarga bhaya ke dukhoM se ye rakSaNa karate haiM / ye pApa aura roga kA nAza karanevAle haiN| inakI 18 bhujAmoM meM vajra, talavAra, daMDa, cakra, muzala, aMkuza, mugdara, bANa, tarjanImudrA, DhAla, zakti, mastaka, nAgapAza , dhanuSa, ghaMTA, kuThAra aura do trizUla haiN| 'agnipurANa' meM bhI ghaMTAkarNa kA ullekha hai| vartamAna samaya meM ghaMTAkarNa kI mUrti isa taraha kI hotI hai| dhanuSa-bANa car3hAkara ve khar3e haiN| pIche bANa kA tarakasa hai| kamara para talavAra hai| paira ke pAsa vajra aura gadA paDe hue hote haiN| vahA~ (pATalI para) viza prAdi yaMtra bhI utkIrNa kiye hote haiN| yadyapi aisA prAcIna zAstrIya svarUpa nahIM hai lekina kaI mUrtiyoM meM kAna aura hAthoM meM choTI-choTI ghaMTiyAM baMdhI huI rahatI haiN| ghaMTAkarNa bAvana vIra meM se eka vIra mAne gaye haiN| kSetrapAla : zyAmavarNa, bavare keza, bar3e vikRta dAMta, pIlI A~kheM, paira meM pAdukA aura inakA nagna svarUpa hotA haiN| cha: bhujAyeM, dAyeM hAtha meM mugdara, pAza, aura Damaru hote haiN| bAyeM hAthoM meM zvAna, aMkuza aura daMDa hote haiM / jainAcArya pAdaliptasUri kI 'nirvANa kalikA' kA pATha hai ki bhagavAna kI dakSiNa aura IzAna koNa meM dakSiNa mukhe inakI sthApanA karanI caahie| kSetrapAla kA dUsarA svarUpa-nagna ghaTabhUSIta mUThabAlA kI yajJopavita-caturbhujA karavata, Damaru, trizUla aura khopaDI dhAraNa kiyA hai| aSTa pratihAra : jaina prAsAda ke cAroM dizAoM ke anusAra aSTa pratihAra ko do dvArapAla-pratihAra kahe haiM / inakA vAhana hAthI hai| pUrva dizA ke dvAra meM - bAyIM ora dAyeM hAthoM meM bAyeM hAthoM meM 1. pUrva dizA ke dvAre indra phala-vaca aMkuza-daMDa indrajaya dAyIM ora aMkuza-daMDa phala-vaja 3. dakSiNa , vana-vaca phala-daMDa vijaya - dAyeM phala-daMDa vaja-batra 5. pazcima, dharaNendra mastake vana-abhaya sarpa-daMDa pacaka sarpaphaNA - dAyeM sarpa-daMDa vana-abhaya 7. uttara " sunAtha - bAyeM phala-baMzI baMzI-daMDa suraduMdubhi baMzI-daMDa phala-baMzI mahendra bAyeM 6 For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra jaina prakaraNa samavasaraNa ke dvitIya vatra kI pratihAriNI jayA vijayA ajitA aparAjitA padmAvatI ( caturviMzati bhujayukta) Sauce. www.kobatirth.org (8x For Private And Personal Use Only prA Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 195 devI (sarasvatI)

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA R YSTER mAnabhadrajI kSetrapAla 10 IIIMAGIRI POT ECACCHOES C ghaMTAkarNa For Private And Personal Use Only

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HTM andmayara pUrve iMdra iMdrajaya raziye. vijaya dakSiNe maheMdra vijaya For Private And Personal Use Only

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198 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA RAN pazcime dharaNeMdra papaka Lif. u sunAma uttare sunAtha suraduMdubhi For Private And Personal Use Only

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aSTamaMgala : jaino meM praSTamaMgala kA mahAtmya bahuta hai| 1. svastika 3. darpaNa 7. bhadArUna 2. naMSAvarta 4. yugma matsya 6. zrIvatsa 8. vardhamAna ina zubha cihnoM ke madhya meM tIrthaMkara kI pratimA kA cihna bhI hotA hai| kuzAna kAla kI yaha pratimA mathurA kI khudAI se prApta huI thii| caudaha svapna : tIrthakara ke janma se pahale unakI mAtA ko svapna pAtA hai| isameM ye 14 bhinna-bhinna vastue~ dikhAI detI hai| 1. hAthI, 2. naMdI, 3. siMha, 4. lakSmI, 5. puSpa kI do mAlA, 6. caMdra, 7. sUrya, 8. dhvaja, 9. kuMbha, 10 pama sarovara, 11. kSIrasAgara, 12. deva vimAna, 13. ratnakuMDI, 14. dhUmrarahita agni| caudaha svapna sila 3 polArdhA hAthI latyA para 6.9. bhA kalaza: pazusazevara.10 r OS hArasamudra 1 vaimAna. 3 / unaleDI misa adhIratha ANTTILAL...MISRL PRABHASHANKER OSTAT For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA tIrthakara kA lAMcchana meSa-sumo- 2 abhinAya 3 saMbhavajina mukAva abhiyAna suvAlI ra samaminisuvAsa zathI. ghoDA. para maiM ETTLAnAyI. 6 prabhu kA bhuyAya na va vAha vidhI va 80 zItala bhovaNI sAra. YunzrIvasa.V ki rAzi suvarNa 22vAyujya rakta gaije. uns. dhimAla bhavana 98 a sauvaNI parA. sIyANA: PRON 044 2WS 15mAvalI sAja-maya-suthunAthArA bhauSaNamallInAya bIlavabI pa . pharo. < / 92Na. malarI TRAN visvata zyAma zaminAya pIta samajAya 2 | 23yAmAyApAramazavira saudharmA] 16 zaMzca PANNADA For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra jaina prakaraNa merugirI www.kobatirth.org mana merugirI svarUpa merufre vRttAkAra bhadrazAla bhUmipara sthita hai| prathama kada rUpa naMdanavana / prAge car3hatA somarasa vana AtA hai| isameM Age car3hatA paMDaka vana AtA hai| yahA prabhujI kA janmAbhiSeka hotA hai| usake Upara cUlikA AtI hai| cUlikA kI Toca para zAzvata jina caitya AtA hai| paMDaka vana meM pUrva-pazcima dizA meM zveta varNa kI siddhanitA aura pazcima uttare rakta varNa kI siddhazilA hai| yaha zilA dhanuSyAkAra hai| Fam Pom DOO Cel kRtio pI. R TOR. MERUGERI. jina Lagaa soma 201 taladarzana siMhAsana gAdI ke rUpa meM hotA hai| prabhujI kA janma hotA hai taba iMdrAdi deva vahA janmAbhiSeka kA utsava manAte haiN| somarasa vana meM cAroM dizA meM jinabhavana hote haiN| dizA meM cAra iMdroM kA prAsAda vApikA sahita hotA hai| naMdanavana kI cAroM dizAoM meM jina caitya aura

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 202 www.kobatirth.org bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA iMdra ke cAra prAsAda vApikA sahita hote haiN| bhairava aura iMdra prAsAda ke bIca dilakumArI ke kUTaparvata para unako rahane kI derI hotI hai| pATha kUTa uparAMta IzAna koNa meM eka balakUTa vizeSa hotA hai| IzAna meM iMdrabhavana, pIche balakUTa, pIche vikukumArI kA kuTa, pIche uttare caiva aisA kama hotA hai| meragirI parvatAkAra TekarA guphAoM, jala, jalapraraNA vRkSa, prANI ityAdi hote hai| " " su Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir samavasaraNa svarUpa tIrthaMkara prabhu ko jahA~ kevala jJAna prApta hotA hai vaha sthAna para devatAoM samavasaraNa kI racanA karate hai| racanA do prakAra kI hotI hai| For Private And Personal Use Only samavasaraNa caturastra aura vRttAkAra tIna vartulAkAra / prAkAra vapra-gaDha - kIllA-banAte haiM / prathama nimna prakAra meM vAhana, hasti adha, pAlakI, vimAna rahate haiN| Upara ke dUsare prAkAra meM paraspara virodhI jIva sahodara jaise rahate haiN| mUSaka-viDAla sarpa mukula Adi / -

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cana prakaraNa 203 Upara ke tIsare prAkAra meM zrAvaka-zrAvikA, sAdhu-sAdhvI rahate haiN| tIsare prAkAra ke Upara madhya meM siMhAsana para prabhu virAjamAna hote hai| madhya meM azoka vRkSa hotA hai| pratyeka prAkAra ke cAroM ora dvAra hotA hai| dvAra ke donoM mora bAvaDI hotI hai| prathama prAkAra ke dvAra kA pratihAra (dvArapAla),1 tuMbaru 2 kapAlI 3 khaTavAGgI 4 jaTAmukuTadhArI eka-eka hotA hai| dUsare prAkAra ke dvAra kI pratihAriNI 1jayA 2vijayA 3 prajitA 4aparAjitA eka-eka dvAra para hai| unhoMne bhujAoM meM abhaya-pAza-graMkuza aura mugdara dhAraNa kiyA hai| unakA varNa anukrame zveta,rakta, suvarNa, nIla hai| nIce ke prAkAra ke cAroM dvAroM para pUrvIda krame do do pratihAra (dvArapAla) hote haiN| pUrva meM iMdra aura iMdrajaya, dakSiNe mahiMdravijaya, pazceime dharaNedrapadmaka aura uttare sunAma suraduMdubhi hai| naMdIdhara dvIpa kI racanA mero saey naMdIvarahI dIdIpa upanA NANDISWAR DWIP. taladarzana naMdIdhara dvIpa meM bAvana para kUTa (parvata) hai| pratyeka kUTa para caturthadvAre caturmukha caitya hai| cAroM dizA meM zyAma varNa ke cAra aMjanagiri hai| pratyeka aMjana giri kI cAroM dizA meM eka-eka hai| aise cAra dizA meM cAra dadhimukha parvata haiN| pratyeka vidizA meM do do ratikara parvata hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

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204 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA aise pATha ratikara parvata-cAra dIrghamukha parvata madhya meM, aMjana giri parvata mila ke kula teraha parvata haiN| pratyeka aMjanagiri cAroM dizA meM tehe ke samUha ke madhya meM hai| aisA cAroM tarapha kA aMjanagiri kA samUha kula mila ke 13 x 4 = bAvana kUTa haiN| pratyeka kUTa para cAra dvAra se zobhita eka-eka caitya hai| saba mila ke jina biba kI saMkhyA do sau pATha haiM (5244 - 208) / teraha teraha ke cAroM dizAoM ke samUha ke madhya meM meruparvata hai| aSTApada racanA prathama tIrthakara RSabhadeva kA nirvANa vAda agnisNskaar| aSTApadaparvata para unakA putra bharata cakravAta ne 'siMhaniSadyA' nAme prAsAda kI racanA vardha kI ratna (zilpI) pAsa kraaii| ratnajaDita toraNa, dvAra, vizAla maMDapa cAroM or| madhya meM maNipIThikA banAI una para caubIsa biba cAroM ora sthApita kiye| aSTApada sanmukha darzana bharata cakravatiye parvata kA dAtAM toDa ke aSTa sopAna (pagathIyA)batAyA isIliye unakA nAma "aSTApada" pddaa| prAsAda ke madhya meM mahAmeru jaisI vedI-pITha kI cAroM ora jinezvarI kI sthApanA kii| pUrva dizA meM do, dakSiNa dizA meM cAra, pazcime pATha aura uttara meM dasa aise caubIsa jina (2+4+8+10-24)biMba kI sthApanA kii| sarva biba kI dRSTi samasUtra meM yA stanasUtra eka sUtra meM rkhii| jaino meM atIta (bhUta), vartamAna aura anAgata (bhAvI) caubIsoM kA kama nAma aura lAMcchana prAdi jaina mAgama graMthoM meM kahA hai| yaha tInoM caubIzI jaMbudIya meM bharatakSetra ko kahA hai-UparAMta mahAvideha kSetra meN| vartamAna kAla meM vicrtaa| bIsa viharamAna prabhu unakA For Private And Personal Use Only

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jaina prakaraNa 205 pazcima - - azaSada 343 AAAAAA - aSTApada taladarzana " siha lAMcchana sAtha kahA haiN| unameM prAdhAnya zArvatA cAra jina haiN| 1. RSabhadeva lAMcchana naMdI 2. caMdrAnana " caMdra 3. vAriSeNa " sUrya yA pADA 4. vardhamAna tIrthakSetra pAMca kalyANa kA hotA haiN| 1. cyavana kalyANaka devaloka meM se mAtA kI kukSa meM padhAratA haiN| 2. janmakalyANaka janma samaye prabhu ko meruparvata para iMdro utsava karate haiN| 3. dIkSA kalyANaka saMsAra bhoga kA tyAga-dIkSA utsava / 4. kevala pAne kalyANaka dIkSAMtathakI aMte zreSTha jJAna kI prApti ke bAda samavasaraNa para baiTha ke upadeza detA haiN| 5. mokSa kalyANapAka zarIra tyAga-dehAsarga / hI kAra meM varNAnusAra-caubIsa aura OMkAra meM paMcaparameSTi 1 arhana, rasiddha, 3 prAcArya 4 upAdhyAya, 5 sAdhu yaha pAMca varNAnusAra sthApana kiye haiN| caubIsa jina pratimA kA svarUpa eka hI hotA haiN| magara pratimA ke nIce pIThIkA meM lAMcchana caubIsa alaga alaga hone se tIrthakara kI pratimAyeM vaha pahacAnI jAtI haiN| 18 sahana kUTAntargata 102 tIrthaMkara kI racanA pA~ca bharatakSetra aura pA~ca erAvana kSetra aise dasa kSetra kI pratita vartamAna anAgata ye tInoM kI tIna caubIsa kA 72 tIrthakara, 36 mahAvidehakA, 20 viharamAna tIrthaMkara bharatakSetra kI caubIsa ke pA~capA~ca kalyANaka kI 120- cAra zAzvata tIrthakara mIla ke kula 1024 tIrthaMkara kA paTTa yA to staMbha kI cAroM ora 256 44-1024 tIrthakara kI racanA karanI caahiye| For Private And Personal Use Only

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206 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA caitya, stUpa, vihAra aura staMbha trimUrti jaise caturmukha pratimA sthApana kI sarvatobhadra kI prathA jainoM meM suMdara haiN| prAcIna kAla meM jaina saMpradAya meM caitya, stUpa, vihAra aura staMbha banAne kI prathA hotI thii| yaha cAroM dharma ke sthApatya vibhAga haiN| caitya: catya zabda prayoga vedayuga meM hotA thaa| jaina Agama graMthoM meM caitya kA deva maMdira meM artha liyA haiN| veda kAla meM pavitra puruSoM kI samAdhi kI smRti meM nirmANa karatA caitya zabdavyutpatti citA, mRtadeha para agnisaMskAra samaye kASTa kA Dhaga aisA artha hotA haiN| caitya maMdira kI racanA-pravaroM meM dIrgha U~cA hotA thaa| prAge caitya saMmukha vaMdana ke liye maMDapa kI do pakSa meM staMbhoM kI paMkti hotI thii| caitya meM pratimA sthApana karake upara ghaMTAkRti zikhara hotA thaa| catya kI tIna mora pradakSiNA mArga hotA thaa| aisI kalpanA guMphA maMdiroM kI avazeSa se hotI haiN| vartamAna kAla meM caitya kA astitva nahIM haiN| caitya kA svarUpa vartamAna meM prAsAda na liyaa| stUpa: satpuruSoM ke asthi sthAna para stUpa kA vinirmANa hotA thaa| pavitra asthi bhasma bAla kI smRti suvarNa kI dAbaDI meM rakhakara bhUmi meM padharA ke unake Upara gola ulagaDalIyA (TopalA) kI stUpa gola kI prAkRti hotI haiN| Upara madhya meM staMbha khaDA karake upara tIna, pAMca, sAta, chatra banAte the| ___ ijipta (misara) meM aise smAraka trikoNAkAra pirAmiDa bane haiN| pAlI bhASA meM stUpa ko thappA kahate haiN| barmA meM goDA aura zrIlaMkA meM dAbhagA kahate hai| nepAla meM citA para se stUpa kahate haiN| jApAna meM toraNa kahate haiN| yaha bhAratIya jaina Agama graMtha ke kathAnusAra tIrthaMkara ke nirvANa ke bAda agnisaMskAra sthAna para devatAoM stUpa kI racanA karate haiN| ese jaina stUpa vartamAna meM dikhAI nahIM paDate lekina mathurA meM sAtaveM tIrthakara supArzvanAtha prabhu kI smRti meM racA gayA thaa| purAtattvajJa mAnate haiM ki yaha stUpa IsApUrva sAtavIM zatAbdI kA hai| vihAra: vihAra saMta mahAtmA prAcIna kAla meM grAma ke bahAra jaMgala meM ekAnta meM rahate the| bhakta gRhasthoM kA kaSTa nivArane ke lie sthAna banAne lge| madhya meM guru kA sthAna, AsapAsa ziSyoM kI koTharI kI vyavasthA karate the| parvata meM khude hune vihAra meM jala kI vyavasthA suMdara dekhane meM pAtI hai| sAdhu maTha ke abhyAsa citana ke sthAna ko vihAra karate hai| jainoM me vihAra ko vasati yA vartamAna meM upAzraya kahate hai| staMbha: - prAcIna kAla meM devamaMdira ke Age bar3A staMbha khaDA karane kI prathA thii| aba bhI draviDa pradeza meM hai| brAhmaNa saMpradAya kA anukaraNa bauddhoM ne kiyaa| jainoM meM digaMbara saMpradAya meM staMbha kI vizeSa prathA hai / staMbha ko mAnaka staMbha yA mAnava staMbha kahate hai| deva maMdira ke Age yA bhagavAna vihAra sthAna ke upadeza sthAna kA smaraNa cinha rUpe dharmaropaNa baDAstaMbha khaDA karate the| bauddhoM meM aise staMbha vartamAna meM dikhate haiN| staMbha ke UparI bhAga meM dharmacakra, siMha, vRSabha yA mUrti kI AkRti hotI hai| caitya, stUpa, vihAra aura staMbha yaha cAra prakhaMDa giriparvatoM meM utkIrNa guMphArUpa vartamAna meM dikhAI dete hai| unakA svataMtra rUpa iMTa yA pASANa meM bhI banA hai| isA ke pUrvase navamI zatAbdI taka guphAoM meM utkIrNa huii| pAbu para jaina maMdira ke pAsa eka staMbha khaDA hai| __ jaina maMdiroM ke maMDAvera meM yA maMDapa ke vinAna (ghumaTa) meM yakSa-yakSiNI yA vidyAdevI ke kaI svarUpa rakhe jAte haiN| maMdira ke bAhara tIna bhadraka gavAkSa meM jaina pratimA kI sthApanA karane kA Adeza hai, jisase patA lagatA hai ki vaha kisa deva kA maMdira hai| For Private And Personal Use Only

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baina prakaraNa 207 Ayatana devoM kA samUha maMdira aura devakulikAoM kA 'Ayatana' kahate haiN| viSNu, ziva, gaNeza, caMDI pora sUrya kA paMcAyatana hotA hai| aise caubIsa avatAra kA viSNu caturviMzati paaytn| jaina tIrya kA caubIsa Ayatana dviisptaaytn| catuaSTinAyatana (84) aura zatapraSTotara (108)zivaliMga kA hotA hai| aise jaina meM bhI pAyatana hote haiN| yahAM caturmukhIya mahAprAsAda ke do baDe taladarzana diye gaye hai| caturdizA meM devakulikAoM (derIoM)aneka maMDapa ke bIca bIca meM prakAza ke liye coka rakhe hai| hamAre graMtha saMgraha meM hamAre pUjya pitAmaha nirbhayarAbhA kA ullekha kiyA purAnA nakzA hai| sapta mAtRkAoM kA saptayAtana, navadurgA kA navAyatana, ekAdazarudra kA rudAyatana hotA hai| jinAya meM caubIsa, bAyana, bahoteri, Ayatana kA krama pakSa meM, sanmukha aura prAge kitane devakula ko rakhanA unakA krama diyA hai| magara sthAna bhAva se kama jAsta karake purI saMkhyA milAnA isameM koI doSa nahIM hai| makara paMca asatana PARDIAYATAN sUrya, viSNu, ziva, gaNeza aura caMDI kA paMcAyatana For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA main prakArAma aaT3BSEA HIRITED LETETBATTIST FERBE canapAna Vaikunt 48bhatra 5. sanakA cAra mAdhava nArA prame mAghara -aurAbAsI caturmukha zIvAyatana-yA jinAyatana cAra mahAdharaprAsAda para devakulina cAra medhanAvAda maMDapa cAra balANaka cAra maMDapa cAra coka 440 staMbha nAma tArAvalI praveza bhadre kakSAsara karane se nAma kiraNAvalI For Private And Personal Use Only

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Av 25 .4 (46) z444 HHHHHH HHHHHHHH b`ynyyT`nvSH SHgnnv hny` SHynv` SHnvgnn HHHH 2 mAt HHHHyHH SHhSH.g.n.b 170 7441 44fa41 + 474 ajItanAthajI ly bA For Private And Personal Use Only

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S BERRIEDERlA For Private And Personal Use Only al Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir caturbhuja-jaina parikara chatrI ke sAtha kAyotsarga dhyAnamagna khar3I jinamati, parikara ke sAtha

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jaina prakaraNa 209 (nanom Pacm'l Bal LTLUITJO II ASKM prAyanana dvAMsaptalI 246 staMbha dazamaMDapa, chaha coka, eka balANaka, nava mahAdhara viSNavAyatana viSNAyanana zivAyatana jinAyatana For Private And Personal Use Only

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bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA LALI socoka FI21 rA e vi. jAvana dvIpasaMcAsa prAyatana staMbha 178, 1 guDha maMDapa 1 meghavAda maMDapa 2 maMDapa 1 balANaka JBET OIBOS31 SLATE ITTR k kngkai Todada roong Ansarina caturmukha zivAlaya jinAlaya 84 prAyatana vistRta pada 254 28 mukhAyatana 1 caturmukha 84 devakUlikA 8 maMDapa 4 balANaka staMbha saMkhyA 432-pATha mahAdhara prAsAda maNimAlA / Tootobraute Eaala niyana ABBREE TETTETTE m For Private And Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra jaina prakaraNa ennn COO DO merugiri caturmukha mahAprAsAda dIrgha vistAra gaja - 301x265 Mathematica sara www.kobatirth.org phUTa - 6024531 balANaka 4 bhUmitala staMbha saMkhyA 166 khovA SNA was 118,19 way. Go caturmukha mahAprAsAda tala darzana 108 Ayatana caturmukha prAsAda dvI dvAriNI prAsAda mahAdhara prAsAda devakulikAo SAMIN 5 meghanAda maMDapa 4 maMDapa 8 91 kula 108 For Private And Personal Use Only kula Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 4 36 40 211 Dha

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra mahAdhara ra 212 3+8 1386 POWE madhuvAra FALSA coka G OHO boka pazudhana coka HANNHE 8 meghanA maMDaya 20 maMDa 31 * blaoNka 4 nIce na te Grann l www.kobatirth.org (medhavAra) madhavAda disa dhara For Private And Personal Use Only OEC roka coka coka ba coka Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir MORANDFAT bhramasukha turmukha mahAde Mobi caturmukha mahAprAsAda bhramayukta caturmukha prAsAda 1 caturmukha 4 mahAdhara 8 devakulikAo 108 maMDapa 20 meghanAda maMDapa 8 balAka 4 staMbha saMkhyA 2644 coka 4 baDA nAlI coka 4 bhAratIya zilpasaMhitA , + asvaviya

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