________________ Verse 14 reference to his son, and he may also be a son with reference to his father. Now it is a fact that he can be a son and a father at one and the same time. A thing may be said to be existent in a way and to be nonexistent in another way, and so forth. Syadvada examines things from seven points of view, hence the doctrine is also called saptabhangi naya (sevenfold method of relative comprehension). It is stated as follows: 1. Rig 3ifa ya (syad-asti-eva) In a way it simply is; this is the first 'nuance', with the notion of affirmation. 2. RIG Fifa Ta (syad-nasti-eva) In a way it simply is not; this is the second 'nuance', with the notion of negation. 3. RUG 3Tahto Ta (syad-avaktavya-eva) In a way it is simply indescribable; this is the third 'nuance', with the notion of simultaneous affirmation and negation. 4. RUG 31fa tifa Ta (syad-asti-nasti-eva) In a way it simply is, in a way it simply is not; this is the fourth 'nuance', with the notion of successive affirmation and negation. 5. RIIG 31fer 37achat Ta (syad-asti-avaktavya-eva) In a way it simply is, in a way it is simply indescribable; this is the fifth 'nuance', with the notion of affirmation and the notion of simultaneous affirmation and negation. 6. RIIG Fifa 310 Chich ta (syad-nasti-avaktavya-eva) In a way it simply is not, in a way it is simply indescribable; this is the sixth 'nuance', with the notion of negation and the notion of simultaneous affirmation and negation. 7. RIG 31fa tifa tacho Ta (syad-asti-nasti-avaktavya-eva) In a way it simply is, in a way it simply is not, in a way it is simply indescribable; this is the seventh 'nuance', with the successive notions of affirmation and negation, and the notion of simultaneous affirmation and negation. . . . . . . . . . . 31
