________________ Verse 24 transformations in the five substances. The upward-collection (urdhvapracaya) of the time (kala) causes the urdhvapracaya of the five substances (dravya). The upward-collection (urdhvapracaya) of the time (kala) is by the time (kala) itself; its transformation is the mode 'samaya'. The time (kala) itself is the substantive-cause (upadana karana) as well as the instrumental-cause (nimitta karana) of the urdhvapracaya of the time (kala). For the upward-collection (urdhvapracaya) of the other five substances (dravya), the substantive-cause (upadana karana) is the substance (dravya) itself and the instrumental-cause (nimitta karana) is the urdhvapracaya of the substance of time (kala). (see 'Pravacanasara', p. 182-184). The special quality of the substance of space (akasa dravya) is to assist other substances in their accommodation (avagaha), of the mediumof-motion (dharma dravya) is to assist other substances in their motion (gati), and of the medium-of-rest (adharma dravya) is to assist other substances in their rest (sthiti). The special quality of one substance is not found in other substances. If all substances, which are only the substantive-cause (upadana karana) of their transformations, become the instrumental-cause (nimitta karana) too of their transformations, the instrumentality of the substance of space (akasa dravya), the medium-of-motion (dharma dravya), and the medium-ofrest (adharma dravya) in providing assistance to other substances in their accommodation (avagaha), motion (gati), and rest (sthiti), respectively, will become meaningless. Only two substances - the soul (jiva) and the matter (pudgala) - will remain. This is against the Scripture and the accepted conventions. . . . . . . . . . . 55
