________________ Verse 88 EXPLANATORY NOTE The substance of the medium-of-motion (dharmastikaya) is not like the wind that appears to be the cause of the fluttering of the flag. Or, it is not like the moving horse that appears to be the cause of the movement of the rider on its back. It is seen in the world that only substances with activity, such as the water, are the cause of the movement of the fish and other objects. There is no contradiction. The medium-of-motion (dharma dravya) simply renders help to the souls (iva dravya) and the matter (pudgala dravya) in their movement; it does not cause the movement. Just as the eyes help in the sight of the colour, but do not notice the colour in case the mind of the person is utterly distracted, similarly, though itself without activity - niskriya - the medium of motion (dharma dravya) renders help in the movement (gati) of the souls (jiva dravya) and the matter (pudgala dravya) only if these tend to move. As inactivity is admitted in case of the medium-ofmotion (dharma dravya), it follows that the souls (jiva dravya) and the matter (pudgala dravya) are characterized by activity (movement); these are kriyavana. The same argument holds for the substance of the medium-of-rest (adharmastikaya). Acarya Umasvami's Tattvarthasutra: गतिस्थित्युपग्रहौ धर्माधर्मयोरुपकारः // 5-17 // स्वयमेव गमन तथा स्थिति को प्राप्त हुए जीव और पुद्गलों के गमन तथा ठहरने में जो सहायक है सो क्रम से धर्म और अधर्म द्रव्य का उपकार है। The functions of the medium-of-motion (dharma) and the medium-of-rest (adharma) are to assist motion and rest, respectively. . . . . . . . . . . 173
