________________ Verse 87 the existence of the medium-of-motion (dharma dravya) and the medium-of-rest (adharma dravya). These two are considered mutually separable (bhinna, vibhakta), also mutually inseparable (abhinna, avibhakta), and are of the same expanse as the universe (loka). EXPLANATORY NOTE Without the existence of the medium-of-motion (dharma dravya) and the medium-of-rest (adharma dravya) the division of the space (akasa) into the universe-space (lokakasa) and the non-universe-space (alokakasa) cannot take place. The universe-space (lokakasa) is where the six substances (dravya), including the soul (jiva), exist. The nonuniverse-space (alokakasa) is where only the pure space (akasa) exists. If the movement (gati) and the rest (sthiti) of the souls (jiva) and the matter (pudgala) are not attributed to these external causes - the medium-of-motion (dharma dravya) and the medium-of-rest (adharma dravya) - then there would be nothing to contain the movement or the rest of the objects. These would find unbridled existence in the non-universe-space (alokakasa) too. The division of the space (akasa) into the universe-space (lokakasa) and the nonuniverse-space (alokakasa) would become untenable. The medium-ofmotion (dharma dravya) and the medium-of-rest (adharma dravya) are two distinct substances with independent existence and, therefore, are mutually separable (bhinna, vibhakta). Since the two exist in the same universe-space (lokakasa), these are inseparable (abhinna, avibhakta). Since the two render assistance to the souls (iva) and the matter (pudgala) in whole of the universe-space (lokakasa), these are as extensive as the universe-space (lokakasa). Acarya Umasvami's Tattvarthasutra: Etuferuat: donant 114-8311 . . . . . . . . . . 171
