Mahavira Jayanti Smarika 1978

Author(s): Bhanvarlal Polyaka
Publisher: Rajasthan Jain Sabha Jaipur
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/014024/1

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hAvIra jayantI smArikA 1678 prakAzaka: rAjasthAna jaina sabhA jayapura pradhAna sampAdaka : zrI bhaMvaralAla polyAkA jayapura TUMAP Jain Educaus SEde On ATAVI THAMRgmaina

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rAjasthAna jaina sabhA padAdhikArI evaM kAryakAriNI ke sadasya adhyakSa upAdhyakSa upAdhyakSa maMtrI koSAdhyakSa saMyukta maMtrI saMyukta maMtrI sadasya sadasya sadasya sadasya sadasya 1. zrI rAjakumAra kAlA 2. zrI tArAcanda sAha 3. zrI sumera kumAra jaina 4. zrI bAbUlAla seThI 5. zrI surajJAnI canda luhAr3iyA 6. zrI rAjendra kumAra bilTIvAlA 7. zrI ramezacanda gaMgavAla 8. zrI kapUracanda pATanI 6. zrI ratanalAla chAbar3A 10. zrI lallUlAla jaina 11. zrI sUrajamala saugAnI 12. zrI kailAzacanda godhA 13. zrI aruNa kumAra sonI 14. zrI subhASa kAlA 15. zrI bhAgacanda chAbar3A 16. zrI rAjamala begasyA 17. zrI maheza kAlA 18. zrI tejakaraNa saugAnI 16. zrI zAMtikumAra godhA 20. zra jAnaprakAza bakhzI 21. kuma / prIti jaina 22. zrI pra 'zacanda TholiyA 23. zrI jJAna canda jaina jhAMjharI 24. zrI balabhadra jaina sadasya sadasya sadasya sadasya sadasya sadasya sadasya sadasya sadasya sadasya sadasya madastha

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mahAvIra jayantI smArikA vyavasthApaka maNDala : saMyojaka : zrI sumerakumAra jaina sadasya : zrI kapUracanda pATanI zrI dezabhUSaNa saugAnI zrI jJAnacanda jhAMjharI zrI ramezacandra gaMgavAla zrI madanalAla baida zrI munnIlAla jaina zrI narezakumAra seThI zrI DI. Ara. mehatA zrI kailAzacanda baida zrI kailAzacanda caudharI zrI sAhibalAla ajamerA zrI satIzakumAra ajamerA 1978 pradhAna sampAdaka : bha~varalAla polyAkA jainadarzanAcArya, sAhitya zAstrI sampAdaka maNDala : DA0 narendra bhAnAvata zrI jJAnacanda jaina bilTIvAle zrI rAjakumAra kAlA ema. e., ela ela. bI. eDavokeTa zrI rAjamala begasyA ema. e. zrI padamacanda sAha ema. e., sampAdana kalA vizArada prakAzaka : bAbUlAla seThI maMtrI rAjasthAna jaina sabhA jayapura

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mahAvIra jayantI samAroha 1978 saMyojaka 1. nibandha pratiyogitA zrI prakAzacanda jaina 2. bhASaNa pratiyogitA zrI tArAcanda caukar3Ayata 3. yuvA sammelana zrI rAjakumAra baraDiyA 4. prabhAta pherI mahAvIra pArka se zrI jJAna prakAza bakhzI godhoM ke cauka se zrI azokakumAra pAMDyA 5. saMgItA saMdhyA 6. julUsa 7. sAMskRtika kAryakrama 8. arthasaMgraha 6. pracAra 10. paMDAla vyavasthA nATAriyoM kA rAstA modIkhAnA, jayapura - 3 2. zrI bAbUlAla seThI zrI surajJAnI canda luhADiyA zrI hIrAcanda baida zrI tilakarAja jaina zrI surajJAnIcanda luhAr3iyA zrI rAjakumAra jaina zrI balabhadra jaina sUcanA smArikA kI prati prApta karane ke lie nimna meM se kisI eka pate para samparka kareM 1. zrI rAjakumAra kAlA eDavokeTa saha-saMyojaka zrI buddhi prakAza bhAskara zrI premacanda gaMgavAla zrI azoka kumAra koDIvAla zrI rAjendrakumAra bilTIvAlA zrI zrI vIrendra godIkA zrI rAjamala begasyA zrI prakAzacandra ToliyA zrI kailAzacandra godhA zrI tArAcanda zA zrI maheza kAlA zrI bhAgacanda cha bar3A maMtrI - rAjasthAna jaina sabhA jayapura bIkAnera baiMka ke pIche, corukoM kA rAstA modIkhAnA, jayapura - 31 noTa- pRSTha 2 - 137 para 'mahAvIra kI sIkha amara rahe' zIrSaka kavitA ke lekhaka kA nAma zrI rAmacandra sarAdhanA chapane se raha gayA hai / pAThaka sahI karaleM / ( 2 )

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sammatyartha sandeza C mukhya maMtrI rAjasthAna jayapura CHIEF MINISTER OF RAJASTHAN JAIPUR ramyamatrajapata kra. 1148/C/M/O/G/78 14 apraila 1978 mujhe yaha jAnakara prasannatA huI ki rAjasthAna jaina sabhA, jayapura mahAvIra jayantI ke avasara para eka smArikA kA prakAzana kara rahI hai| mujhe batAyA gayA hai ki isa smArikA meM jaina darzana, itihAsa, saMskRti aura sAhitya para adhikArI viddhAnoM ke zodhapUrNa lekhoM kA samAveza kiyA jaaegaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra sAmAjika naitikatA aura dhArmika sahiSNutA ke prAdarza ko sthApita karane vAle the| usa Adarza ko vyAbahArika rUpa se grahaNa karane meM unake anuyAyI abhI taka prAMzika rUpa se hI saphala hue haiN| unake ye Adarza na kevala jaina dharma ke mAnane vAloM ke liye the balki sampUrNa mAnavatA ke liye the| aAja deza ke badale hue sandarbha meM unake upadezoM kA mahatva aura bhI bar3ha gayA hai| maiM prAzA karatA hUM ki ApakI smArikA bhagavAna mahAvIra ke siddhAntoM va Adarza ko Age bar3hAne meM saphala hogii| merI zubha kAmanAeM zrApakA, zrI bAbUlAla seThI, maMtrI rAjasthAna jaina sabhA, cAkasU kA cauka, jauharI bAjAra, jayapura (bhairoMsiMha zekhAvata)

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anukrama (prApakI bAta hamArI bAta) adhyakSIya prAtma-nivedana prakAzakIya rAjasthAna jaina sabhA : saMkSipta paricaya mahAvIra jayantI spArikA 1977 : loka dRSTi meM sitAre jo asta ho gaye prathama khaNDa ( mahAvIra : unakA darzana evaM itara darzana ) 1. vIra vandanA DA. pannAlAla 2. mahAvIra : AtmakrAMti aura DA. narendra bhAnAvata janakrAnti ke AIne meM 3. bhagavAna mahAvIra ke darzana zrI nihAlacanda jaina mahAvIra vyaktitva-mApana zrI lakSmIcandra 'saroja' 5. jyotirmaya tumhArI pratIkSA hai zrImatI rUpavatI kiraNa 6. Izvara : parikalpita nirarthakatA DA, mahAvIrasarana jaina 7. vyakti kI vRtti pro. prAditya pracaNDiyA 8 jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke darzana meM DA. sAgaramala jaina karma kA azubhatva, zubhatva aura zuddhatva 9. zrI vIra stavana DA. baDakula 10. jaina sAdhanA kA rahasya zrI jamanAlAla jaina 11. pAMca mahAvratoM kI varIyatA DA. zobhanAtha pAThaka dvitIya khaNDa (mhArI dharatI mhAro deza) 1. maMgalAcaraNam zrI guNabhadrAcArya 2. prazarmaratiprakaraNakAra tatvArtha sUtra DA. kusuma paToriyA tathA bhASya ke kartA se bhinna 3. kImatI ghor3A zrI motIlAla surAnA

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16 17 41 13. 59 66 4. sUra ke kAvya para apabhraMza pro. zrIraMjanasUri deva kRSNa-kAvya kA prabhAva 5. do kSaNikAe zrI zarmanalAla 'sarasa' 6. khAravela kA prArambhika jIvana zrI nIraja jaina DA. kanhaiyAlAla agravAla 7. prabhu se vinamra prazna zrI maMgala jaina 'premI' sarvatobhadra pratimA zrI zailendrakumAra rastogI AdamI zrI maganalAla 'kamala' 10. uttarapurANa meM pratibimbita rAjanIti DA. ramezacanda jaina 11. cAhUMgA apanA sapanA paM. udayacandra zAstrI 12. kulakara aura zramaNa saMskRti DA. premasAgara jaina saguNa bhaktoM kI rahasya bhAvanA DA. puSpalatA na 14. AtmazAMti ko chU na sakegI zrI kalyANakumAra 'zazi' 15. khaNDelavAla zrAvakoM kI utpatti bhaMvaralAla polyAkA 16. tuma svayaM mahAvIra ho zrI hajArIlAla 'kAkA' jaina harivaMza purANakAlIna bhArata kI DA. premacanda jaina . sAMskRtika jhalaka saMskRta nATya sAhitya meM hastimalla ke / DA. kanchedIlAla nATakoM kA sthAna 19. eka satya kA hAtha bahuta hai zrI bhavAnIzaMkara 20. vAlmIki rAmAyaNa aura jaina kathA DA. lakSmInArAyaNa dube 21. auMkAraM bindu saMyuktaM zrI nandakizora 22. muslima rAjya meM jaina dharma . zrI digambaradAsa eDavokeTa Atma gIta zrI bhagavAna svarUpa jayapura pothI khAne kA hindI DA. premacanda rAMvakA jaina sAhitya rAghava pATanI racita yAtrA prakAza zrI agaracanda nAhaTA jayapura ke jaina mele paM. gulAbacanda jainadarzanAcArya 27. mahAvIra rA svara gUMje hai zrI ghanazyAma mudagala 28. jayapura kI prathama Der3ha zatI ke jaina DA. jyotiprasAda sAhityakAra nArI mamatA mAlapANI budhajana satasaI zrI ramAkAnta jaina 31. saMghI jhUtArAma aura unake pUrvaja paM. bhaMvaralAla nyAyatIrtha 32. bAlaka zrI rAjamala begasyA 33. dIvAna jhUtArAmajI aura unake vaMzaja / zrI pratApacanda jaina 34. mahAvIra rI sokha amara rahe zrI rAmacandra sarAdhanA 84 85 88 89 100 101 107 109 112 113 30. 120 121 125 131 133 137

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139 zrI kundanalAla DA. brajendranAtha zarmA 143 35. ToDaramalajI ke kucha aprakAzita pada Ambera saMgrAhAlaya kI tIrthaMkara munisuvratanAtha kI pratimA 37. jaina sAhitya meM prayukta dharma parIkSA abhiprAya The Jaina Atheism ___dharma, dhArmika aura dharmAlaya DA. premasumana jaina 145 Dr. Harendra Prasad Verma DA. mahendra pracaNDiyA 151 160 tRtIya khaNDa ( mukta cintana tathA anya ) 1. vizvabaMdhutvasyotprerako bhagavAn mahAvIraH zrI nArAyaNasahAya zAstrI 2. prItaMkara zrI mizrIlAla jaina ahasAna zrI sureza 'sarala' 4. bhagavAna mahAvIra prazna cihnoM ke ghere meM DA. rAjendrakumAra baMsala 5. nibandha pratiyogitA ke lekha (1) zrI jinendrakumAra seThI (2) zrI saMjaya jasoriyA nivedana asAvadhAnIvaza smArikA meM kucha mudraNa kI azuddhiyAM raha gaI haiM, pAThaka par3hane se pUrva kRpayA saMzodhana krleN| (1) pRSTha 'ta' meM 'sundalAla' ke sthAna para 'sundaralAla' (2) pRSTha '8' ke pazcAt lagA huA citra rAjasthAna jaina sabhA kI vartamAna kArya-kAriNI ke sadasyoM kA hai / isameM 'bAbUlala' ke sthAna meM 'bAbUlAla' tathA 'lallUlala' ke sthAna meM 'lallUlAla' (3) pRSTha 2-89 para aMgrejI maiTara kI tIsarI paMkti kA antima zabda 'Their' | (4) pRSTha 2-106 ke TippaNa kI prathama lAina meM 'of Heittage the Rulers' kI jagaha 'Heritage of the Rulers' / (5) tRtIya khaNDa ke pRSTha 12 ke kAlama dvitIya ke anta meM 'zeSa pRSTha 16 para' bar3hAleM tathA pRSTha saMkhyA 1-12 ke sthAna meM 3-12 krleN| -sampAdaka

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Aja vizva jinakI 2576 vIM jayaMtI manA rahA hai devAdhideva paramezvara vItarAga / sarvajJa torthaMkara siddhamahAnubhAva // trailokyanAtha jinapuMgava vaddhamAna / svAmin gato'smi zaraNaM caraNadrayaM te // C w

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Wei Zhu Zhang Shuang 3TIC Lao Hu Guan Guan Zhu Song Wo Chang Chang Shi 9Zhi Zhi Zhi Cheng Huo Ji Shen Huo Zhang Huo Cai Guan hamArI Yi NYA Chang Lao Juan Pai Pai bAta Zhang Rong Huo =

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adhyakSIya agara Aja vizva meM dhUmate ghaTanA cakra ko va protsAhana se prerita ho mahAvIra jayantI ke puNya usake vAstavika rUpa meM maJca para prastuta kiyA parva para prativarSa eka smArikA prakAzana kA nizvaya jAya to dRzya itanA vIbhatsa hogA ki mAnavatA ro kiyA thaa| prAraMbha meM usake kadama lar3akhaDAye jarUra degI, zAyada una dRzyoM ko dekhane kA usameM sAhasa magara zIghra hI ve jama bhI gye| aba taka usake bhI na hogaa| kahIM kAle goroM meM yuddha chir3a rahA hai 14 aGka prakAzita ho cuke haiM tathA 15vAM aGka yaha to kahIM eka dala dUsare dala ke logoM ke khUna kA Apake hAtha meM hai| yaha smArikA vAstava meM eka pyAsA ho rahA hai| kahI eka jAti vAle dUsarI zodha tathA sandarbha graMtha hai aura vidvatsamAja meM vaha jAti vAloM ke ghara jalA rahe haiM, unheM jIvita hA kitanI samAhata hai isakA patA prativarSa pAne vAle jalatI Aga meM samarpita kara rahe haiM to kahIM mAtR- maikaDoM prazaMsApatroM aura patra patrikAoM meM prakAzita svarUpA striyoM kI ijjata lUTI jA rahI hai, unake hone vAlI usakI samIkSAoM se lagatA hai / gatasAtha balAtkAra kiyA jA rahA hai / mAnava mAnava varSa kI smArikA para AI huI aisI sammatiyoM ko kA khUna pIkara rAkSasa bana gayA hai| rAmAyaNa kAla pradhAna sampAdaka kI icchA ke viruddha isa varSa hamane meM to eka hI rAvaNa thA lekina Aja to unakI prakAzita karane kA nizcaya kiyA hai jisase pAThakoM ginatI hI nahIM kI jA sktii| mahAvIra kAla meM ko hamAre kathana kI satyatA kA pratyakSa anubhava ho to pazuyajJa hI hote the kintu Aja to naramegha ho rahe ske| haiM / mahAvIra kAla meM eka dharma ke upAsaka dUsare dharma ke upAsaka hI se lar3ate the to Aja eka dharma isa varSa bhI smArikA kA sampAdana zrI bhaMvara. ke mAnane vAle hI Apasa meM lar3ate haiM / jidhara dekho lAlajI polyAkA, jainadarzanAcArya sAhitya zAstrI udhara hiMsA kA hI tANDava nRtya / na dina ko caina ne kiyA hai| zrI polyAkAjI kI yadyapi vRddhAna rAta ko / kisI ko yaha vizvAsa nahIM ki vasthA hai aura svAsthya bhI kharAba rahatA hai, kintu usakA jIvana itane samaya taka surakSita hai / agara unhoMne apane svayaM kI cintA kiye vinA pAThakoM ke gItA ke ina va kyoM meM sacAI hai ki jaba jaba bhI manamohane ko sAmagrI saMkalita kI hai vaha vAstava meM pRthvI para adharma kA sAmrAjya hotA hai bhagavAn jina zAsana kI mahattA ko nirantara kAyama rakhane pRthvI para avatAra grahaNa karate haiM to bhagavAna ke ka kA eka bahuta hI saphala prayAsa hai / zrI polyAkAjI avatAra grahaNa karane kA isase adhika upayukta samaya ___ kA kArya, kartavya niSThA, prema, lagana sahRdayatA phira kaba hogA magara vaha bhI zAyada ArAma kI aura sAkSAt mAnavIya guNoM ko dekha kara merI nIMda so rahA hai| vizva kI ghaTanAoM kI ora zraddhA ke sumana svataH hI unake caraNoM meM arpita ho usakA koI dhyAna nhiiN| bha. mahAvIra ke upadezoM rahe haiN| Aja yadi yaha kahA jAve ki mahAvIra ke prasAra pracAra kI, unako apane meM utArane kI, jayantI smArikA evaM zrI bhaMvaralAlajI polyAkA Aja kI paristhitiyoM meM unake mUlyAMkana kI prAja eka dUsare ke paryAyavAcI haiM to koI atizayokti jitanI AvazyakatA hai isase pUrva kabhI nahIM huii| nahIM hogii| unake liye kucha bhI likhA yA kahA aAja se 16-17 varSa pUrva rAjasthAna jaina sabhA jAve to usake liye koI upayukta zabda mere pAsa ne sva. paM. caina sukhadAsajI nyAyatIrtha kI satpreraNA nahIM haiN| merI Izvara se yahI kAmanA hai ki zrI

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polyAkAjI yuga-yuga jIyeM aura svAsthya unakA sAtha de / smArikA ke liye jina lekhakoM ne sAmagrI bhejI hai ve sabhI dhanyavAda ke pAtra haiM / aneka lekhakoM ko nirAza honA par3a rahA hai / unakI racanAyeM prakAzita nahIM kI jA sakI isake aneka kAraNa haiM / maiM aise sabhI lekhakoM se kSamAprArthI hUM / smArikA ke prakAzana meM vyavasthApaka samiti ke saMyojaka zrI sumerakumAra jI jaina, evaM unake vyavasthApaka maNDala ke sabhI sadasyoM kA maiM atyanta zrAbhArI hUM vizeSakara zrI jJAnacanda jhAMjharI, zrI dezabhUSaNa jI saugAnI evaM zrI madanalAlajI bar3hiyAla vAle kA jo sahayoga vijJApana ekatrita karane meM rahA hai vaha usI kA kAraNa hai ki yaha smArikA samaya meM pAThakoM ke samakSa upalabdha hai / rAjasthAna jaina sabhA kI kAryakAriNI ke mere sabhI sAthI nirantara sabhA kI gatividhiyoM meM pUrNa sahayoga dete rahate haiM yahI kAraNa hai ki sabhA naI naI gatividhiyAM lekara bhI sadaiva saphala rahI hai / isa avasara para sabhA ke maMtrI zrI bAbUlAlajI seThI ke bAre se kahe binA maiM nahIM raha sakatA hUM / zrI seThajI sabhA ke prANa haiM evaM mUka sevaka haiM, sadaiva sabhA ke liye kucha na kucha karate rahanA unhoMne apane jIvana kA eka aMga samajha liyA hai / maiM - unakA bhI atyanta AbhArI hUM jinake kAraNa sabhA kI gatividhiyAM bar3hatI jA rahI haiM / sabhA ke pratyanta variSTha sadasya zrI kapUracandajI pATanI mere mArgadarzaka haiM / koI bhI dikkata Ane para maiM apanI samasyA kA samAdhAna pATanIjI se hI pAtA hUM jo sadaiva eka sacce mitra kI bhAMti ubhI gutthiyoM ko sulajhAne meM merI madada karate haiM | rAjasthAna jaina sabhA zrI pATanIjI ke prayAsoM se hI prAja ke svarUpa meM pahuMca sakI hai| maiM ukakA atyanta AbhArI hUM / sabhA ke vibhinna kAryakramoM meM sabhA ke donoM upAdhyakSa sarvazrI tArAcandajI sAha evaM zrI sumera 4 kumArajI jaina kA evaM sabhA ke donoM saMyukta mantrI zrI ramezacandrajI gaMgavAla evaM zrI rAjendrajI bilTIvAlA kA tathA zrI tejakaraNajI saugAnI, zrI jJAnaprakAzajI varUzI zrI prakAzacandrajI TholiyA, zrI bhAgacandajI chAbar3A zrI surajJAnIlAlajI luhAr3iyA, zrI balabhadrajI jaina, zrI mahezacandrajI kAlA zrI subhASajI kAlA, evaM anya sabhI sadasyoM kA prabhArI hUM jinake sahayoga se sabhA kA kArya saphalatApUrvaka sampanna ho rahA hai / isa varSa mahAvIra jayantI ke avasara para vibhinna samiti ke saMyojakoM evaM unakI samiti ke sadasyoM ki jinakA nAma smArikA meM anyatra prakAzita hai, kA bhI maiM pUrNa prabhArI hUM jinake kAraNa hI isa varSa yaha prAyojana saphala ho kA hai| sampUrNa samAja kA vizeSakara zraddheya zrI rAjarUpajI TaoNka, zrI hIrAcandajI caMda, zrI pravINacandrajI chAbar3A, zrI devendrarAjajI mehattA, zrI narezakumArajI seThI, zrI nihAlacandajI jaina zrI kailAzacandajI caudharI Adi kA jo sahayoga milatA rahA hai jisake pariNAma svarUpa hI hama Age kI maMjila talAza karate rahate haiM / sabhA kucha naye kAryakrama zIghra hI hAtha meM lene ko hai / samAja ke sahayoga se hI unakI saphalatA sambhava ho skegii| anta meM maiM manalAiTa priMTarsa ke vyavasthApaka zrI mahAbIra prasAdajI jaina kA bhI pratyanta AbhArI hUM jinake satat prayatnoM se smArikA samaya para prakAzita ho sakI hai / smArikA ko kAphI rocaka evaM sundara banAne kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai phira bhI koI kamI rahI ho to isakI jimmevArI merI hI mAnI jAnI cAhie / prAzA hai pAThaka smArikA ko pasanda kreNge| bhagavAna mahAvIra mujhe sanmArga se aDiga na hone deM isI bhAvanA ke sAtharAjakumAra kAlA adhyakSa rAjasthAna jaina sabhA, jayapura

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EDEDDED EDERED EDEREDEEDED EEDEDER rAjasthAna jaina sabhA ke adhyakSa zrI rAjakumAra kAlA smArikA ke sampAdaka paM0 bhaMvaralAla polyAkA kA unakI sAhityika evaM sAmAjika sevAoM ke liye rajatapleTa bheMTa kara abhinandana karate hue|

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zrAtmanivedana smArikA prakAzana kI jo paraMparA zraddhaya guruvarya paM. cainasukhadAsajI nyAyatIrtha ne san 1962 maiM prAraMbha kI thI usakA yaha 15 vAM aMka pAThakoM ke hAthoM meM hai / guruvarya dvArA lagAyA huA yaha paudhA na kevala nirvighna apanA bAlyakAla pUrA kara cukA hai, apitu usakI suvAsa bhI aba mahakane lagI hai / yaha saba hI ke sammilita prayAsoM aura sahayoga kA phala hai kisI eka ko isakA zreya nahIM jAtA / mere sampAdana kAla kA yaha dasavAM aMka hai / 60 varSa kI Ayu maiMne pUrNa kara lI hai aura svAsthya ThIka na rahane se zarIra kI zakti nirantara kSINa hotI huI samApti kI ora agrasara ho rahI hai zAyada zrAgAmI aGka taka itanI zakti bhI na rahe / yadi gArhasthika samasyAoM kA samAdhAna saMbhava huA tathA apekSita sahayoga mila sakA to khaNDelavAla jaina zrAvaka jAti ke itihAsa ke kucha anudghATita pRSThoM ko prakAza meM lAnA cAhatA huuN| aura bhI kucha likhane kA vicAra hai lekina icchAeM pUrNa hoM Avazyaka nahIM / mere sampAdana kAla meM mujhe sabhI ora se bharapUra sahayoga prApta huA hai kyA racanAkAroM kA, kyA sAthiyoM kA aura kyA presa kA; una sabake prati prAbhAra se merA mastaka nata hai / bhaviSya meM bhI smArikA isase bhI adhika upayogI banakara pAThakoM ke hAthoM meM pahu~catI rahe, paM0 sAhaba dvArA pravAhita jJAna gaMgA kA yaha pravAha kabhI sUkhe nahIM, satat pravAhita hotA rahe jisakI zItala zAMti pradAtA laharoM meM snAna kara pAThaka garaNa mAnasika sukha zAMti prApta karate raheM aisI hArdika kAmanA hai / mujhe yaha svIkAra karane meM jarA bhI saMkoca nahI ki bharapUra sAdhana aura sahayoga milane para bhI maiM smArikA ko vaha rUpa nahIM de pAtA jisakI kalpanA mere mastiSka meM hai / isake bahuta se kAraNa haiM jinameM merI akSamatA aura prayogyatA bhI eka kAraNa to hai hI / isa varSa bho bahuta sI racanAeM smArikA meM apanA sthAna nahIM pA skiiN| unameM kucha to bahuta hI mahatvapUrNa thI kiMtu samaya aura sAdhana donoM hI sImita haiM / una sabase maiM etad hetu kSamA prArthI hU~ aura aprakAzita racanAeM lauTA rahA hU~ / bhaviSya meM cAhe koI bhI sampAdana kare merI una sabase vinamra prArthanA hai ki ve isI prakAra apanA sahayoga use pradAna karate raheM / mere sahayogI zrI padamacaMda zAha tathA zrIrAjamalajI begasyA to mere anujasama hai unakA to maiM kyA dhanyavAda karU, mere prAzIrvAda merI zubha kAmanAe~ unake sAtha haiM / zrI rAjakumArajI kAlA adhyakSa tathA zrI bAbUlAla seThI maMtrI bhI pratyeka samasyA kA bar3I tatparatA se nidAna karate haiM aura pratyeka saMbhava sahayoga ko tatpara rahate haiM / sabhA ke anya sAre sadasya hI mere sAtha bar3A premabhAva rakhate haiM unakA sabakA bhI hRdaya se maiM zrAbhAra mAnatA hU~ tathA isa sudIrghakAla meM huI truTiyoM, bhUloM tathA aparAdhoM ke liye zuddha hRdaya se kSamAprArthI hU~ / maiM bhaviSya meM kahIM bhI rahU~ yA kucha bhI karU isI prakAra sneha aura sahayoga mujhe prApta hotA rahegA isI vizvAsa ke sAtha : * bhaMvaralAla polyAkA 5

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prakAzakIya Aja se 2576 varSa pUrva bhagavAn mahAvIra ne apane janma se isa vasuMdharA ko pavitra kiyA thaa| unake janma se na kevala nara ne apitu svarga ke devoM aura naraka ke nArakiyoM ne bhI sukha aura zAMti kA anubhava kiyA thA / tIsa varSa mahAvIra gRhasthAvasthA meM rahe / janakalyANa kI bhAvanA una meM prAraMbha se hI thI / jyoM-jyoM samaya bItatA gayA vaha aura dRr3ha ho gaI tathA isI bhAvanA se prerita ho unhoMne jaMgala kA rAstA liyA / 12 varSa taka kaThora sAdhanA ke pazcAt vicAra-maMthana se jo navanIta nikalA sArarUpa meM zabdoM meM use yoM vyakta kiyA jA sakatA hai.--- 1. jisa prakAra tumheM jIvita rahane kA adhikAra hai vizva ke anya prANiyoM ko bhI hai ataH svayaM / jIvo aura dUsaroM ko jIne do| 2. manuSya kI icchAeM aparimita haiM aura upabhoga ke sAdhana sImita ataH AvazyakatA se adhika saMgraha mata kro| 3. sacAI anantadharmA hai / jo bAta eka dRSTikoNa se satya hai dUsare dRSTikoNa se vaha galata bhI ho sakatI hai / pUrNa satya kahA nahIM jA sakatA kevala jAnA jA sakatA hai / ataH prAgrahI mata bno| prAgraha jhagar3e kI jar3a hai| mahAvIra ke ina siddhAntoM kA jo mahatva usa samaya thA usase kahIM adhika aAja hai| unake batAye mArga para cala kara hI jIvana meM sukha zAMti kA anubhava kiyA jA sakatA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke lokopakArI upadezoM kA jana-jana meM pracAra prasAra karane ke pavitra uddezya ko lekaraM sva0 paM0 cainasukhadAsajI nyAyatIrtha kI satpreraNA se san 1962 meM rAjasthAna jaina sabhA ne bha0 mahAvIra ke puNya janmAvasara para eka smArikA prakAzana kA nizcaya kiyA thA jo adyAvadhi cAlU hai| smArikA kA 15 vA~ aMka pAThakoM ko prastuta hai / paM0 cainasukhadAsajI ke svargavAsa ke pazcAt isakA sampAdana paM. bhaMvaralAlajI polyAkA jainadarzanAcArya karate A rahe haiN| ApakI niHsvArtha sAhitya sevA anUThI evaM anukaraNIya hai sabhA ne ApakA gata varSa mahAvIra jayantI para sArvajanika sabhA meM samAroha ke avasara para prAyojita vizAla jana samudAya ke sammukha abhinandana kiyaa|

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PEYA sabhA ke maMtrI zrI bAbUlAla seThI bhASaNa karate hue kSamApana parva samAroha 1977 zrI rAjakumAra kAlA adhyakSa rAjasthAna jaina sabhA mukhyaatithi zrI bhairosiMha zekhAvata mukhyamaMtrI rAjasthAna kA svAgata karate hue

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asvastha hote hue bhI isa varSa bhI inhoMne hamAre anurodha ko svIkAra kiyA evaM kAphI alpa samaya meM dina rAta parizrama kara isa kArya ke sampAdana meM jisa kartavyaniSThA aura lagana kA paricaya diyA hai usake liye mere pAsa zrI polyAkAjI kA AbhAra prakaTa karane hetu zabda nahIM mila rahe haiN| mApake sampAdakIya lekha evaM lekhoM para TippaNiyA~ ApakI vidvattA, nispakSatA evaM niDaratA kI dyotaka haiM jo Apa svayaM ko jJAta ho jAyagA / isake atirikta ve lekhakagaNa evaM kavi bhI hamAre atyadhika sAdhuvAda ke pAtra haiM jinhoMne apanI racanAyeM smArikA meM prakAzanArtha bhejIM / sthAnAbhAva se kucha racanAyeM smArikA meM sthAna nahIM pA sakIM isake liye hama kSamA prArthI hai| Arthika sahayoga ke binA kisI bhI prakAra kA prakAzana kArya saMbhava nahIM hai| smArikA kI artha vyavasthA sabhA dvArA vijJApana ke mAdhyama se hI kI jAtI hai etadartha eka prabandha samiti kA gaTana kiyA gayA jisake saMyojana kA dAyitva zrI sumerakumArajI jaina para DAlA gyaa| isa varSa isa kArya meM zrI jaina ke atirikta sarva zrI rAjakumArajI kAlA, devendrarAjajI mehatA, dezabhUSaNajI saugANI, jJAnacandajI jaina, munnIlAlajI jaina, kailAzacandajI vaida, vidyAvijaya kAlA, kapUracandajI pATanI, bhAgacandajI chAbar3A, prakAzacandajI TholiyA Adi ne jo sahayoga diyA use bhulAyA nahIM jA sktaa| artha saMgraha hetu jo sahayoga sarvazrI devakumArajI zAha, kailAzacandajI saugAnI, kailAzacandajI godhA, surajJAnIcaMdajI luhAr3iyA, tArAcandajI sAha, vinayakumArajI pApar3IvAla, lallUlAlajI jaina, bhAgacaMdajI chAbar3A, rAjendrakumArajI bilTIvAlA, jJAnacaMdajI jaina, prAdi ne jo athaka parizrama karake diyA unake prati AbhAra prakaTa kiye binA bhI nahIM raha sakatA / vijJApana dAtAoM ke anudAna kA hI yaha phala hai ki lAgata se bhI atyanta alpa mUlya para smArikAM pAThakoM ke hAthoM meM pahuMcatI hai| yaha puNya kArya vijJApana dAtAnoM ke sahayoga ke binA saMbhava nahIM hai| isa varSa jina saMsthAnoM ne apane vijJApana pradAna kara hameM sahayoga pradAna kiyA hai unakA hama hadaya se AbhAra mAnate haiM tathA bhaviSya meM bhI unase isI prakAra ke sahayoga kI AzA karate haiN| ___ smArikA kA prastuta aMka kaisA hai yaha nirNaya karanA pAThakoM kA kArya hai| pAThakoM se hamArA anurodha hai ki isameM rahane vAlI truTiyoM kI ora hamArA dhyAna AkarSita karate raheM jisase ki tadanurUpa unameM sudhAra hotA rahe / isa varSa kI smArikA para ApakA abhimata sAgraha AmaMtrita hai / smArikA kA mudraNa kArya mUnalAiTa priMTarsa ne kiyaa| mudraNa kI avadhi meM Ane vAle kaI vyavadhAnoM ke bAvajUda smArikA kA samaya para prakAzita honA unake athaka parizrama evaM sahayoga ke binA saMbhava nahIM thaa| isa hetu saMsthAna ke mAlika zrI mahAvIraprasAdajI jaina tathA unake sabhI sahayogI dhanyavAda ke pAtra haiN| * bAbUlAla seThI maMtrI rAjasthAna jaina sabhA, jayapura

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rAjasthAna jaina sabhA jayapura saMkSipta paricaya rAjasthAna jaina sabhA jayapura jaina samAja kA eka mAtra aisA pratinidhi saMgaThana hai jo jaina samAja ke sabhI vargoM ko saMgaThita kara usake sarvAgINa vikAsa meM satata prayatnazIla hai| lagabhaga 25 varSa pUrva dinAMka 16 akTUbara 1953 ko samAja ke jAgarUka navayuvakoM ne ApasI matabhedoM ko miTAkara, saMsthAoM ke nAma evaM padoM kA moha tyAga kara rAjasthAna jaina sabhA kI sthApanA kI thI / yaha varSa sabhA kA rajata jayantI varSa hai / vizuddha dhArmika evaM saiddhAntika mAnyatAoM ko pradhAnatA dekara vAstavika dharma kA marma samajhAte hue jaina samAja kI sAhityika, sAMskRtika, cAritrika, sAmAjika evaM prArthika unnati ke hetu zrAvazyaka kArya karanA hI sabhA kA eka mAtra lakSya hai / ina lakSyoM kI pUrti hetu sabhA kA svayaM kA eka saMvidhAna hai jo rAjasthAna sosAiTIja ekTa ke antargata paMjIkRta hai / janamAnasa ko dharma evaM karttavya kI ora AkRSTa karane kI dRSTi se paryuSaNa parva, kSamApana samAroha, mahAvIra jayantI samAroha tathA nirvArarNotsava para vizeSa samAroha tathA samaya-samaya para vyAkhyAnoMpravacanoM ke Ayojana evaM sAhitya prakAzana sabhA kI mukhya gatividhiyAM rahI haiM / gata varSa meM kiye gaye kAryoM kA saMkSipta vivaraNa isa prakAra hai : (a) samAroha : bAbUlAla seThI maMtrI rAjasthAna jaina sabhA (1) mahAvIra jayantI samAroha : samasta jaina samAja ke sahayoga se yaha samAroha 26 mArca, 1977 se 2 apraila 77 taka nimna kAryakramoM ke rUpa meM manAyA gayA : 26 mArca, 1977 ko prAtaH sI skIma sthita mahAvIra skUla ke prAMgaNa meM 'bhagavAna mahAvIra kI dena' viSaya para nibandha pratiyogitA Ayojita ko gaI jisameM zrI jinendrakumAra seThI prathama tathA saMjaya jasauriyA dvitIya rhe| zrI nAsira husaina khAM kA prayAsa bhI prazaMsanIya rahA / 30 mArca, 77 kI rAtri ko bar3e dIvAnajI ke maMdira meM bhajana saMgIta saMdhyA kA Ayojana zrI tejakaraNa jI sA. iMDiyA kI adhyakSatA meM sampanna huaa| zrI rAjarUpajI sA. TAMka vizeSa atithi the / vibhinna saMsthAnoM ke sabhI Ayu varga ke vyaktiyoM ne zradhyAtmika bhajana evaM gIta prastuta kiye / 31 mArca, 77 kI rAtri ko AtmAnanda sabhA bhavana meM 'jIvana aura ahiMsA' viSaya para bhASaNa

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(rAjasthAna jaina sabhA rajata jayantI varSa 1953-1978 nIce baiThe hue:-sarvazrI aruNakumAra sonI, subhASa kAlA, mahezacanda kAlA kursI para :-sarvazrI ramezacanda gaMgavAla, surajJAnIcanda luhADiyA, kapUracanda pATanI, tArAcanda zAha, rAjakumAra kAlA, sumerakumAra jaina, bAbUla la seThI, kumArI prIti jaina, rAjendrakumAra vilTI vAlA khar3e hue :-sarva zrI prakAzacanda TholiyA, tejakaraNa saugAnI, zAntikumAra godhA, lallUla la jaina, balabhadra kumAra jaina jJAnacanda jaina zAsananTa mAmA Enii garajA gaugAnI

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pratiyogitA kA Ayojana pro. pravINacandajI kI saMbodhita karate huye unhoMne kahA ki bhagavAna adhyakSatA meM sampanna huaa| jisameM vibhinna zikSaNa mahAvIra ke upadezoM ke anusAra AcaraNa dvArA saMsthAnoM kI chAtra-chAtrAoM ne bhAga liyA / kumArI hI vizva sukha aura zAnti kA mArga apanA maMju prathama, zrI subhadra pApar3IvAla dvitIya tathA sakatA hai / rohita modI tRtIya rhe| isa avasara para pUjya sAdhvI zrI maNiprabhAjI, __ 1 apraila, 1977 ko prAtaH prabhAta pherI muni zrI rUpacandajI tathA prAcArya zrI saMbhavasAgarajI nikAlI gaI jisameM vibhinna bhajana maMDaliyoM ne ke bhI pravacana huye / AcArya zrI saMbhavasAgarajI sakriya sahayoga diyA / rAtri ko lAla bhavana meM ne kahA ki dharma kisI vyakti vizeSa kA nahIM zrImatI AzA golechA kI adhyakSatA meM eka parantu jo vaisA AcaraNa kare usakA hI hai| mahilA sammelana kA Ayojana kiyA gayA jisameM munizrI rUpacandajI ne kahA ki zvetAmbara hA0 candrakAMtA DaMDiyA ne viziSTa atithi ke rUpa meM mandira yA digambara mandira to milate hai para jaina sammelana ko sambodhita kiyaa| isa avasara para mandira nhiiN| zrI nAthUlAlajI jaina sadasya loka vibhinna mahilA vaktAoM ne apane vicAra prakaTa sevA Ayoga ne adhyakSIya bhASaNa meM kahA ki manuSya kiye tathA vibhinna saMsthAoM ne bhajana, nRtya saMvAda janma se nahIM varan puraSArtha se bhagavAna banatA hai mAdi ke kAryakrama prastuta kiye / aura pratyeka prANI prayAsa dvArA yaha pada prApta kara sakatA hai| 2 aprela 77 ko prAtaH 61 baje mahAvIra pArka se eka vizAla julUsa prArambha huA jisameM lagabhaga rAtri ko 8 baje eka vRhada sA~skRtika kAryakrama 25-30 hajAra kA jana samudAya sammilita huaa| kA Ayojana zrI raNajItasiMhajI kumaTa, jilAdhIza julasa meM vibhinna zikSaNa saMsthAoM evaM maMDaloM jayapara kI adhyakSatA meM kiyA gayA jisameM dvArA bhagavAna mahAvIra ke satya, ahiMsA, aparigraha vibhinna zikSaNa saMsthAoM va maNDaloM ne bar3e hI va syAdvAda ke saMdeza se saMbaMdhita jhAMkiyAM evaM eka AkarSaka nATaka, bhajana aura natya prastuta kiye| susajjita ratha meM 'jinavANI' julUsa ke vizeSa viziSTa atithi zrI hIrAbhAI ema. caudharI ne isa pAkarSaNa rahe / mahilA maMDaloM dvArA eka hI veza avasara para vijetAnoM ko pakAra vitarita kiye| bhUSA meM evaM pUrNa anuzAsana baddha bhajana prastutIkaraNa bhI eka bhavya AkarSaNa rahA / julUsa ke dRzya kA (2) dazalakSaNa parva samArohaHA~khoM dekhA hAla bar3e hI rocaka DhaMga se zrI buddhiprakAzajI bhAskara ne prasArita kiyaa| bhautikatA ke dvandva phanda se vyApta evaM prAkulita mAnava ko prAdhyAtmikatA kA rasAsvAdana karA kara julUsa nagara ke pramukha bAjAroM meM hotA huA zAnti kA prAbhAsa karAne kI dRSTi se prativarSa kI rAmalIlA maidAna meM pahuMcakara eka sArvajanika sabhA bhA~ti isa varSa bhI bhAdrapada zuklA paMcamI se meM parivartita ho gyaa| sabhA meM kumArI prIti catudarzI taka manAyA gyaa| samAroha kA udghATana ke maMgalAcaraNa ke pazcAt zrI mAMgIlAlajI jaina zrI trilokacandajI jaina, udyogamaMtrI, rAjasthAna nyAyAdhIza, ucca nyAyAlaya, rAjasthAna ne jhaMDA- ne kiyaa| paM. abhayakumArajI jabalapura vAloM ne rohaNa kiyaa| isa avasara para jana samudAya ko daza dharmoM para pratidina mArmika pravacana evaM zra

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prakAzacandajI jaina, DA0 DI. kumAra, paM0 bhaMvaralAla vibhAga meM prastuta apane zodha prabandha meM ahiMsA ke polyAkA, zrI mohanalAlajI jozI, DA0 narendra pratiSThApaka bhagavAna mahAvIra kA apane jIvana bhAnAvata, zrI vidyAnandajI kAlA, DA0 mUlacanda kAla meM mAMsa bhakSaNa karane evaM jaina muni akAla seThiyA, zrI pravINacandajI chAbar3A, zrI tejakaraNajI Adi vizeSa paristhiti meM apane jIvana rakSArtha mAMsa DaMDiyA, zrI kapUracandajI pATanI, zrI nihAla- machalI Adi ke sevana kA ullekha karane ko sabhA candajI pANDyA, DA0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla ne ke tatvAvadhAna meM di. 24 sitambara 77 kI prAyovibhinna viSayoM para apane vicAra prakaTa kiye| jita samasta jaina samAja kI sabhA meM virodha kiyA zrI mahAvIra di. jaina ucca mAdhyamika vidyAlaya, gayA evaM kendrIya sarakAra evaM vidyAlaya ko isa padmAvatI kanyA ucca mAdhyamika vidyAlaya, vIra Apattijanaka aMza ko zodha graMtha meM se nikAlane bAlikA saMgha, zrI mahAvIra di. jaina bAlikA vidyA- hetu nivedana kiyaa| laya evaM zrI digambara jaina AcArya saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya dvArA saMvAda va bhajana prAdi prastata kiye (5) rajata jayantI samArAhaHgaye / 16 akTUbara 1977 ko sabhA ke rajata jayantI varSa ke praveza avasara para prAtaH eka sAmUhika (3) kSamApana parva samArohaH pUjana kA diga. jaina naziyA vijayarAmajI pAMDyA sadA kI bhAMti vizva prema kI bhAvanA ko meM Ayojana kiyA gayA evaM racanAtmaka kAryoM ke jAgRta karane hetu sAmUhika kSamApana parva samAroha, kiye jAne hetu vicAra vimarza kiyA / dinAMka 29 sitambara, 1977 ko prAtaH 71 baje rAmalIlA maidAna meM zrI trilokacandajI jaina udyoga (6) zAka sabhA maMtrI kI adhyakSatA meM manAyA gyaa| isa avasara 27 akTUbara 77 ko samAja ziromaNI sAhU para mukhya atithi zrI bhairosiMhajI zekhAvata mukhya zAMti prasAdajI ke asAmayika nidhana para eka mantrI rAjasthAna ne jana samudAya ko saMbodhita zoka sabhA kA Ayojana di. 30 akTUbara ko prAtaH karate hue kahA ki hamArI kSamA zAbdika va mahAvIra pArka meM kiyA gayA / sarva prathama sabhA ke praupacArika mAtra na hokara vAstavika evaM hRdaya se adhyakSa zrI rAjakumAra kAlA ne sAhU sAhaba ke citra honI cAhiye / prAdhyAtmika pravaktA paM0 abhaya- ko mAlyArpaNa kiyaa| isa avasara para kumArajI ne kahA ki tatvajJAna ke abhyAsa dvArA hama 23 saMsthAnoM ke pratinidhiyoM ne sAhU sA. ke dvArA kaSAyoM kA zamana kareM tAki krodha va baira utpanna kiye gaye kAryoM para prakAza DAlate hue bhAvabhInI hI na ho / adhyakSIya bhASaNa karate huye zrI jaina zraddhAjaliyAM arpita kI / anta meM 2 minaTa kA sA. ne kahA ki isa mahAna parva para baira bhAva mauna rakha kara sAmUhika zraddhAMjalI arpita kI gaI / utpanna na kareM evaM jarUrata manda vyaktiyoM kI sahAyatA kreN| .... .... (7) mahAvIra nirvANotsava samArohaH ___11 navambara 1977 ko bar3e dIvAna jI ke (4) zodha prabandha ke Apattijanaka aMza para virodhaH mandira meM nirvANa divasa kI sAMdhya belA meM prAyovINA jaina nAmaka zodha chAtrA ne pI. eca. jita kiyA gayA / jisameM DA0 hukamacaMdajI bhArilla DI. kI upAdhi hetu dillI vizvavidyAlaya ke bauddha evaM paM0 milApacandajI zAstrI ne samAroha kI ___10

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kSamApana parva samAroha 1977 * kSamApana parva mahotsava rAjayAta samA mma HD rAjasthAna ke mukhyamaMtrI zrI zekhAvata sabhA ko sambodhita karate hue zrI rAjakumAra kAlA adhyakSa rAjasthAna jaina sabhA samAroha ke adhyakSa zrI trilokacanda jaina udyoga maMtrI rAjasthAna kA svAgata karate hue rAjasthAna ke mukhyamaMtrI zrI bhairosiMha zekhAvata, mukhya atithi tathA zrI rAjakumAra kAlA adhyakSa rAjasthAna jaina sabhA maMtraNA karate hue teelibrary.org

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mahatA para prakAza DAlate huye sabhA ko kriyAtmaka gaye upadravoM ke prati virodha prakaTa karane hetu Thosa kAryoM evaM saMgaThana dvArA samAja kA dhArmika dinAMka 28 janavarI, 78 ko samasta jaina samAja kartavyoM kI aora AkRSTa karane kA dAyitva pUrNa kI eka sabhA Ayojita kI gaI jisameM kiye gaye karane ko kahA / isa avasara para bhajana va kavitA upadbhavoM kI ghora bhartsanA kI gaI evaM saMbaMdhita Adi bhI prastuta kiye gye| vyaktiyoM ke viruddha kAryavAhI hetu kendrIya sarakAra aura rAjya sarakAra ke saMbaMdhita adhikAriyoM se (8) jaina melA nivedana kiyA gyaa| di. 18 disambara 77 ko mahAvIra skUla sI-skIma ke prAMgaNa meM eka 'jaina mele kA Ayojana anaucityapUrNa karAropaNa kA virodha kiyA gyaa| isa avasara para kalA pradarzanI prAyo __ grAma paMcAyata zrI mahAvIrajI ne paMcAyata ke jita kI gaI jisakA udghATana zrI tejakaraNajI Aya ke sAdhana bar3hAne ke nAma para tIrtha yAtrI kara sA. DaMDiyA ne kiyA / samAja ke sabhI Ayu ke (50 paise prati yAtrI) cuMgIkara va vAhana kara lagAne sadasyoM ke liye vibhinna khela kUda pratiyogitAoM ke jo anaucityapUrNa nirNaya liye haiM usakA virodha kA Ayojana kiyA gayA / jisakA udghATana zrI prakaTa kiyA gayA evaM rAjya sarakAra se nivedana surendrakumArajI jaina ne kiyaa| isameM praur3ha mahilAoM kiyA gayA ki ve isa saMbaMdha meM zIghra hastakSepa evaM puruSoM kI saMgIta-kursI daur3a evaM baccoM kI kara zIghra hI grAma paMcAyata zrI mahAvIra jI ko phainsI Dresa, zo kA kAryakrama vizeSa prAkarSaNa rhe| bAdhya kareM ki ve karAropaNa saMbaMdhI prAdeza vijetAoM ko zrI sumerakumAra jaina dvArA puraskAra vApisa leN| vitaraNa kiye gaye / isa avasara para bAr3ha pIDitoM ke sahAyatArtha navaraMga bAla vidyAlaya ke sahayoga se (ba) sAhitya prasAra:bUTa pAlisa kA bhI prAyojana rakhA gayA / sabase sva. paM0 cainasukhadAsajI nyAyatIrtha kI preraNA se vayovRddha zrI ciraMjIlAlajI sA. vaida ko zAla sabhA ne 1962 se bhagavAna mahAvIra kI pAvana bheMTa kara unakA abhinandana kiyA gayA / isa jayantI ke avasara para eka smArikA kA prakAzana avasara para samAja kI vibhinna sahayogI saMsthAoM prArambha kiyA aura vaha sabhA kA eka niyamita ne apanI apanI sTAloM para lAgata mUlya para peya va prakAzana bana gyaa| isameM jaina darzana, itihAsa, bhojya sAmagrI upalabdha kraayii| lATarI dvArA niti aura sAhitya para pradhikata vidvAnoM ke mahArAjA, mahArAnI va rAjakumAra-rAjakumArI kA maveSaNApUrNa lekha va kavitAeM rahatI haiM prArambha bhI cayana kiyA gyaa| zAma ko sabhI ne apane-apane meM smArikA kA sampAdana pUjya paMDita sAhaba ne miThAI rahita bhojana se sahabhoja kiyA / svayaM kiyA aura paM0 jI ke svargavAsa ke pazcAt (9) jaina muniyoM para kiye gaye upadravoM kI tIvra isa gurutara kArya kA dAyitva zrI bhaMvaralAlajI bhartsanA: polyAkA dvArA uThAyA jA rahA hai| di. 3 va 4 janavarI 78 ko tirucI meM isake atirikta samaya-samaya para laghu pustakoM asAmAjika tatvoM dvArA prAcArya zrI nirmalasAgarajI ke prakAzana kA kArya bhI sabhA ne kiyA jisameM 108 evaM unake saMgha para asAmAjika tatvoM dvArA kiye muni zrI vidyAnandajI evaM DA0 hukmacaMdajI bhArilla

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dvAra likhita pustakoM kA evaM bhajanAvalI Adi kA prakAzana vizeSa ullekhanIya haiM / (sa) sAmAjika gatividhiyA~: jaina sabhA kI gatividhiyA~ kevala samAroha prAyojana evaM sAhityapracAra taka hI sImita nahIM haiM apitu jaba bhI sAmAjika kSetra meM koI samasyA utpanna huI sabhA ne Age Akara yathAsambhava samAdhAna karane kA prayatna kiyA hai| rAjasthAna vidhAna sabhA meM prastuta namna virodhI bila ko vApisa karAne tathA rAjasthAna TrasTa meM Avazyaka saMzodhana karAne, rAjya sarakAra se ananta caturdazI evaM saMvatsarI kA aicchika avakAza svIkRta karAne, sAMgAnera meM jamIna se prApta jaina mUttiyoM ko samAja ke supurda karAne tathA Ayakara meM huye saMzodhana se samAja ko avagata karAne purAvazeSa tathA bahumUlya kalAkRti adhiniyama kI jAnakArI dene evaM virodha prakaTa karane jaise mahatvapUrNa kArya kiye haiM / samAja meM vyApta kurUr3hiyoM aura kurItiyoM ke viruddha bhI yaha sabhA sadaiva jAgarUka rahI hai / samAja meM sagAI evaM vivAha Adi ke avasara para daheja kI mAMga, ThaharAva Adi ko sadaiva burI dRSTi se dekhatI rahI hai aura ina burAiyoM ko dUra karane meM sadaiva prayatnazIla hai / yuvakoM ko naitikatA aura dharma kI ora AkRSTa karane ke liye sabhA zikSaNa zivira lagAne kI yojanA rakhatI hai / vartamAna paristhiti ke sandarbha meM dhArmika jJAna ke prasAra ke liye zrAvazyaka vAcanAlaya prAraMbha karane kA bhI vicAra hai / yogya chAtra-chAtrAoM ko chAtravRttiyAM dene tathA asahAya vidhavAoM ko svAvalambI banAne hetu zraudyogika prazikSaNa dene kI bhI eka yojanA vicArAdhIna hai / navayuvakoM ko pazcimI sabhyatA se pare haTAne ke lie sAtvika evaM sAMskRtika klaboM kI sthApanA tathA vicAra goSThiyoM dvArA sAmAjika kurItiyoM ke prati jAgRti karanA bhI sabhA ke lakSya haiM / sabhA kI prArthika sthiti tathA saMgaThanAtmaka pahalU sudRr3ha nahIM hai isa kAraNa cAhate huye bhI sabhA apane lakSyoM ko pUrNa karane meM asamartha rahI hai / Apa sabake tana-mana-dhana ke sahayoga se prAzA hai bhaviSya meM lakSyoM ko prApta karegI / sabhA dvArA sampanna kiye jAne vAle vibhinna AyojanoM va kAryakramoM meM jahA~ kAryakAriNI samiti ke sabhI sadasyoM kA sahayoga rahA hai vahAM sarvazrI devendrarAjajI mehatA, hIrAcanda vaida, tilakarAja jaina, nihAlacaMda jaina, rAjarUpa TAMka, hIrAbhAI ema. caudharI, paM. milApacanda zAstrI, kevalacanda TholiyA, jasavantasiMha sA~ghI, DA0 hukamacaMda bhArilla, pannAlAla bAMThiyA, mUlacanda pATanI, ramezacanda pApar3IvAla, prakAzacanda jaina, tejakaraNa iMDiyA, mANikyacandra jaina, sUrajamala baMda, navInakumAra baja, saubhAgyamala rAMkkA, DA0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla, vinayakumAra pApar3IvAla, dezabhUSaNa saugAnI, rAmacaraNa jaina, azoka luhA - DiyA, deva kumAra sAha, kailAzacanda saugAnI, rAjakumAra jaina, rAjakumArajI barar3iyA, tArAcandajI caukar3Ayata, azokakumArajI pAMDyA munnIlAlajI ajamerA, surendrakumArajI jaina yAdi ke sahayoga ko bhI bhulAyA nahIM jA sakatA | zrI vIra sevaka maNDala aura anya sabhI zikSaNa saMsthAnoM bhajana maNDaliyoM Adi kA bhI sabhI kAryakramoM meM pUrNa racanAtmaka sahayoga rahA hai / sabhA sabhI vyaktiyoM evaM saMsthAnoM ke prati AbhAra prakaTa karatI hai / samAja ke pratyeka sadasya se sabhA ko tana, mana evaM dhana dvArA sahayoga evaM sujhAva kI apekSA ke namra nivedana ke sAtha | 12

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sabhA ke upAdhyakSa zrI tArAcanda sAha mahAvIra jayantI para vizAla sabhA ko sambodhita kara rahe haiN| kSamApana parva samAroha 1977 CHAR zrI prakAzacanda TholiyA saMyuktamaMtrI rAjasthAna jaina sabhA jayapura vizAla sabhA ko sambodhita karate hue +

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mahAvIra jayantI smArikA, 1977 lokadRSTi meM prAtaH smaraNIya zraddheya guruvara sva0 paM0 cainasukhadAsajI ko preraNA se unhI ke sampAdakatva meM rAjasthAna jaina sabhA ne isa smArikA kA prakAzana 16 varSa pUrva prArambha kiyA aura taba se yaha mahAvIra jayantI ke pAvana avasara para do varSoM ko chor3akara prativarSa nirantara prakAzita ho rahI hai / zraddheya guruvara ke pazcAt unhIM ke yogya ziSya zrAdaraNIya agraja zrImAn bhaMvaralAlajI polyAkA ke kaMdhoM para isa smArikA ke saMpAdana kA bhAra zrAyA jinhoMne saphalatApUrvaka pichalI eka dazAbdI se isako vahana kiyA huA hai / yaha smArikA bhArata bhara meM nikalane vAlI smArikAzroM meM apanA zIrSa sthAna rakhatI hai / fadvAnoM ne ise sira prAMkhoM para uThA ke rakhA hai / isa sambandha meM hara varSa ucca koTi ke vidvAn va pAThaka garaNa tathA samAcAra patra patrikArya apanI sammatiyAM prakaTa karate haiM tathA prA. polyAkAjI ko badhAIyAM dete haiM kintu zraddha eya guruvara kI bhAMti hI sva-prazaMsA se dUra rahane vAle prA. polyAkA jI ne kabhI ina sammatiyoM ko prazastiyoM ko smArikA meM prakAzita nahIM karAyA / isa varSa merI bAla haTha ne agrajajI ko sahamata karA hI liyA hai / 1977 kI smArikA ke sambandha meM kucha udgAra prastuta haiM / "yaha patrikA zodha stara kI hai / prAyaH sabhI lekhakoM ke liye paricayAtmaka TippaNiyAM likhakara sampAdaka ne patrikA ko bahuta hI upayogI banAyA hai / patrikA ko cAra khaNDoM meM vibhAjita kara saMpAdaka ne sUjha-bUjha kA paricaya diyA hai / patrikA kI sAja sajjA evaM chapAI sundara hai / sampUrNa patrikA jaina kalA, saMskRti evaM sAhitya ke prati navIna dRSTikoNa pradAna karatI hai" rAjamala jaina begasyA sahAyaka sampAdaka "isameM aneka vidvAnoM ke lekha haiM jo sabake saba tathA surucipUrNa smArikA nikAlane ke liye, rAjasthAna jaina navabhArata TAimsa di. 1 jUna 1977 paThanIya tathA mananIya haiM aisI vidvattApUrNa sabhA badhAI kI pAtra hai " jayapura itavArI patrikA di. 15 maI 1977

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" kula milAkara bhArata ke prasiddha jainAjaina vidvAnoM dvArA likhita 82 lekha tathA kavitAyeM isameM hai / lekhoM para pradhAna sampAdaka ke parizramapUrvaka likhe gaye TippaNa haiM jo lekhoM kI viSaya-vastu ke samajhane meM sahAyaka haiM / sampAdakIya bhI paThanIya hai| paga paga para sampAdaka kI sUjha-bUjha aura parizrama kA digdarzana hotA hai" dainika navajyoti jayapura di. 28-8-77 "mahAvIra jayantI parva para yoM to aneka smArikAyeM prakAzita huIM kintu rAjasthAna jaina sabhA jayapura kI yaha sAhityika smArikA sAmagrI kI dRSTi se behatara hai / prakAzana kI chapAI, saphAI sundara haiM" rASTradUta dainika jayapura 11 sitao 77 "urdU meM pUrNa vikasita candra ko caudahavIM kA cAMda kahA jAtA hai, smArikAnoM meM prastuta smArikA sacamuca pUnama ke cAMda jaisI hI hai / bhavya mukhapRSTha, uttama mudraNa, sAtha hI ucca koTi ke sampAdana se samRddha yaha vRhatkAya smArikA jaina sAhitya ke vartamAna prakAzanoM meM apanA sthAna banAyegI isameM sandeha nahIM / pradhAna sampAdaka mahodaya ke zrama kI chApa pUrI smArikA para dikhAI detI haiM" "bar3e AkAra kI lagabhaga 300 pRSThoM kI prastuta smArikA kula milAkara eka zodha grantha kA rUpa liye huye hai / adhikAMza nibandha na kevala upayogo haiM, apitu sthAyI mUlyoM ke haiM / smArikAeM bahuta prakAzita hotI haiM, lekina ve mAtra tAtkAlika prayojana smArikA apanA cirantana mUlya banAye rakhegI / nizcita hI manISA ke liye badhAI ke pAtra haiM / " taka sImita raha jAtI haiN| lekina prastuta sampAdaka va prakAzaka apane zrama tathA kha yugavIra sAptAhika paTanA 26 maI 77 kathAloka mAsika dillI maI 1977 "prastuta smArikA kA sAtatya apanI eka vizeSatA hai / sva0 paM. cainasukhadAsajI kA yaha biravA siMcita hotA rahatA hai, yaha rAjasthAna jaina sabhA kA kImatI yogadAna hai | sampAdaka niSThApUrvaka prativarSa binA kisI vivAda meM par3e, sAdhanA tapasyA pUrvaka saMpAdana karake eka paThanIya vastu pradAna karate haiM / sAmagrI kA cayana surucipUrNa, khojapUrNa tathA jJAnavardhaka hai / " zramaraNa mAsika vArANasI maI 1977 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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"isake pAMca khaNDoM meM antima khaNDa ke 90 pRSTha kevala vijJApanoM ke haiM, jisase rAjasthAna jaina sabhA aura isake kAryakartAoM kI lokapriyatA kA paricaya milatA hai| lekhoM para pra0 sampAdaka kI gAgara meM sAgara kI sI TippaNiyAM ullekhanIya haiM / prastuta vizeSAMka paThanIya evaM saMgrahaNIya hai|" sammati vANI mAsika indaura, maI1977 "yaha vArSika smArikA sAhitya sevA meM niSThA aura lagana ke sAtha 14 varSa se agrasara hai| suyogya sampAdaka mahodaya ne isake stara ko sadaiva surakSita rakhA hai| itane sundara bodhapUrNa sAhitya kA saMkalana karane ke liye sampAdaka kA prayatna sarAhanIya hai|" sanmati saMdeza mAsika, naI dillI julAI 77 "jayapura meM vIra jayantI para smArikA prakAzana kI paramparA kA prArambha pUjya gurudeva paM0 cainasukhadAsajI dvArA kiyA gayA thA, usI kaDI meM yaha 14 vAM puSpa hai| prastuta sabhI lekhoM ke racanAkAra adhikArI vidvAna haiM phalataH yaha smArikA sandarbha graMtha ke rUpa meM mAnI jAnI caahiye| hara dRSTi se smArikA paThanIya, mananIya aura saMgrahaNIya hai / lekha maMgAkara sundara DhaMga se cayana karanA, pratyeka lekha ko pUrA par3hakara usakA saMkSipta sAra likhanA aura vaha bhI alpa samaya meM-sacamuca yaha kArya bhAI polyAkAjI ke kaThina parizrama kA dyotaka hai| pratyeka pustakAlaya meM isakA saMgraha apekSaNIya hai|" vIra vANI pAkSika jayapura-3 maI 1977 "uttamottama lekhAdi se yukta jayapura meM prativarSa prakAzita hone vAlI yaha vRhatkAya smArikA vAstava meM bejoDa hotI hai / lekhoM para prArambhika sampAdakIya paricayAtmaka TippaNI sundara tathA mahatvapUrNa hotI hai / isI prakAra kI TippaNiyAM kavitAoM para bhI honI caahiye| nizcaya aura vyavahAra naya ke sambandha meM sampAdakIya sundara hai|" jJAna kauti lakhanaU (tIsarA maka) vidvAnoM, manISiyoM se prApta patra "smArikA bahuta sundara nikalI hai / usameM Apane bar3I upayogI sAmagrI kA saMcaya kiyA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke jIvana aura siddhAMtoM para acchA prakAza paDatA hai-usake pIche ApakA parizrama aura sUjhabUjha hai / merI hArdika badhAI svIkAra kIjiye / " yazapAla jaina saMpAdaka-jIvana sAhitya sastA sAhitya maNDala, dillii| mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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"merA abhimata hai ki yaha to 'ekazcandrastamo hanti ......."vAlI ukti caritArtha karatI hai| varSa meM eka hI aMka nikAlate haiM, para mAnasika bhojana itanA utkRSTa aura susvAdu rahatA hai ki jisakA rasAsvAdana mahinoM taka Ananda vibhora kiye rahatA hai|" kundanalAla jaina ema. e (saMskRta, hindI) ela. TI. sAhitya zAstrI prinsipala zikSA nidezAlaya, dillIprazAsana, dillI / "smArikA kA stara pUrva smArikAoM jaisA hI hai, balki yaha smArikA unase bhI adhika sAmagrI aura vicAra pradAna karatI hai / kaI lekha bar3e hI mahatvapUrNa aura naye cintana ko lie hue haiM / smArikA ke samasta lekha cune huye haiN| ApakA sampAdakIya aura sampAdakIya TippaNiyAM marmasparzI haiM / Apako bhI merA hRdaya se dhanyavAda / isa yajJa kI prArambhaka rAjasthAna jaina sabhA ko bhI kama sAdhuvAda nahIM, usakA yaha prayAsa zreyaskara hai| DA. darabArIlAla koTiyA nyAyAcArya, vaaraannsii| "vipula sAmagrI juTAI hai Apane / pratyeka lekha meM sampAdakIya TippaNI ullekhanIya hai| isa sundara prayAsa ke liye Apa nizcita hI badhAI ke supAtra haiN|" DA. mahendrasAgara pracaNDiyA ema. e. pIeca. DI., DI. liT mAnada saMcAlaka, jaina zodha akAdamI prAgarA roDa, aliigddh'| __ "mahAvIra jayantI smArikA par3hakara nihAla ho gayA / sAhityika, sAMskRtika, dArzanika va zodha sAmagrI kI anupama thAtI saMjoye smArikA kA jitanA bhI bakhAna karUM thoDA hai| sarvAGgINa sundara salonI yaha smArikA yathA nAma tathA guNa kI garimA se samalaMkRta hai| kRpayA sAdhuvAda svIkAra karane kA kaSTa kreN|" DA. zobhanAtha pAThaka ema. e. pIeca. DI. sAhityaratna __ meghanagara (ma. pra.) "mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 1977 apanI pUrva paramparA meM rahate huye bhI eka ujjvala prayatna hai / yaha hameM zodha sAmagrI hI pradAna nahIM karatI, varana vizAla rASTra meM bhagavAna mahAvIra aura unake dvArA pratipAdita siddhAMtoM ke pAlana evaM anupAlana kI gatividhiyoM kA sacitra vyorA bhI prastuta karatI hai| mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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yaha patrikA bhArata ke jaina samAja meM apanA gauravapUrNa sthAna rakhatI hai / " "pUrva paramparAnusAra 1977 kI smArikA bhI eka zreSTha upalabdhi hai / aisI smArikA anyatra durlabha hai / sAmagrI pratIva starIya tathA vaividhyapUrNa hai / merA sAdhuvAda svIkAra kIjie / Apa kI sAdhanA atyanta garimAmayI hai / " DA. jayakizanaprasAda, khaNDelavAla ema. e. (hindI, saMskRta, prAcIna bhAratIya itihAsa evaM saMskRti Adi ) elaela. bI. pIeca. DI. pravaktA saMskRta vibhAga Ara. bI. esa. kAleja, AgarA / jJAnavardhaka lekhoM kA durlabha sAmagrI se saMgraha hai / ApakA parizrama sArthaka pUrNa banAne kA prayatna kareMge / merI " smArikA meM ucca starIya evaM huA / zrAgAmI smArikA ko kucha navIna rAya hai ki Apa rAjasthAna meM jaina dharma evaM sAhitya para adhikAdhika sAmagrI saMcita kareM / kArya kucha kaThina evaM zrama sAdhya hai / " mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 DA0 lakSmInArAyaNa dube ema. e. pIeca. DI. asisaTenTa prophesara, hindI vibhAga, sAgara vizvavidyAlaya, sAgara (ma.pra.) " prativarSa kI bhAMti hI isa varSa kI smArikA bhI anUThI hai / lekha paThanIya, evaM zodha chAtroM ke liye upayogI sAmagrI prastuta karate haiM / pratyeka lekha para dI gaI ApakI TippaNI lekha ke viSaya ko suspaSTa karane meM sahAyaka hai / sampAdana meM kiyA gayA ApakA parizrama paga-paga para dRSTigocara hotA hai / bahuta kama saMpAdaka isa prakAra kA zrama karate haiM / " DA. nijAma uddIna hindI vibhAgAdhyakSa isalAmiyA kAleja, zrInagara / pro. DA. bAsudeva zAstrI sAhityAcArya, vidyavAridhi (pIeca. DI.) sAhityavibhAgAdhyakSa rAja0 mahArAjA prAcArya saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya, jayapura /

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"yaha jAnakara atyanta prasannatA hotI hai ki Apake kuzala sampAdana meM rAjasthAna jaina sabhA jayapura kI yaha mahAvIra jayantI smArikA apanA AkAra-prakAra. niyamitatA evaM stara banAye rakhane meM saphala rahI hai / isa varSa kI smArikA meM bhI prabhata paThanIya sAmagrI hai / badhAI svIkAra kreN|" vidyAvAridhi DA. jyotiprasAda jaina sampAdaka--jaina sandeza (zodhAGka), mathurA cAra bAga, lakhanaU "sampUrNa smArikA mahatvapUrNa lekhoM aura utkRSTa kavitAmoM se paripUrNa hai / lekhoM ke sAtha pra. sampAdaka kI pArakhI TippaNiyoM ne to aMka meM cAra cAMda lagA diye haiN| itanI vizAla upayogI smArikA ke liye hArdika dhanyavAda svIkAra kreN|" zrI kalyANakumAra jaina 'zazi' rAmapura yU. pI. "smArikA sadRza prakAzanoM ko buddhijIvI varga ke liye naye cintana kA mArga prazasta karane ke liye nizcaya hI upayogI kahA jA sakatA hai / Apa jayapura se isa paramparA kA janopayogI prakAzana kara satata nirvAha kara rahe haiM, isakA harSa hai / merI punaH zubhakAmanAeM / " (kaipTana seTha sara) bhAgacanda sonI ajamera / "mere hRdaya kI DikzanarI naye vizeSaNa khoja rahI hai jo smArikA ke upayukta pratIta ho| hAM, agraja jI, ApakA anubhava aura sUjhabUjha kA dharAtala, mujhe hI kyA, bhArata ke anyAnya buddhijIviyoM ko cauMkAne lagA hai| Apa soca rahe hoMge "maiM lagAtAra prazaMsA kara rahA huuN|" saca maiM doSa nikAlane kA bhI AdI hai, Aja taka kisI ko maiMne bakzA nahIM hai / cAhatA thA ki Apa para bhI doSAropaNa karU para Apake sadhe mana-mastiSka ne avasara hI pradAna nahIM kiyA, basa yahI doSa hai ApakA / merI badhAI kI dhvani usa ora bhI mukharita ho rahI hai, jahAM zrI rAjakumArajI kAlA, bAbUlAlajI seThI evaM sabhA kI sampUrNa kAryakAriNI kAryarata hai| yaha sAtvika badhAI DA. narendra bhAnAvata aura zrI ramezacandra gaMgavAla kI ora bhI jAtI hai|" sureza 'sarala' (kaI pustakoM ke lekhaka, sampAdaka) gaDhA phATaka, jabalapura / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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"mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 1977 graMtha ratna prApta huA / paDhakara dekhakara mana gad gad ho gayA aura kucha kAvya paMktiyAM likhane ko utsAhita huA jo preSita haiM / graMtha gUMtha kara sudhara sajAI, nahIM eka par3hakara mana meM huA ujAlA || parizrama, baDI yojanA, kitane dina meM saphala banAI 1 yA ki smAraka, banakara eka patrikA prAI 11 anokhI sajjA bhUri bhUri mana eka bAra prArambha kiyA to, bar3A yaha smArikA sundara sAja mahAvIra yaza kI maNimAlA | pUrI paMktiyAM ko lalacAye | mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 bAra bAra adhyayana karAye 1 rAjasthAna jaina saMgama kI yaha kRti anupama AkarSaNa hai / 'polyAkA' jI ke pAvanatama, anubhava kA maMjula darpaNa hai / " " itane thoDe samaya meM itanI sArI mahatvapUrNa sAmagrI ko itane sucAru DhaMga se prakAzita karane meM Apane jo kaThina kArya kiyA hai, vaha vAstava meM bar3A prazaMsanIya hai / sAmagrI jaina kalA, sAhitya evaM dharma meM ruci rakhane bAloM ke liye bar3I upayogI siddha hogI / " zrI ghAsIrAma 'candra' sAhityaratna kamalAgaMja, zivapurI (ma. pra. ) " prastuta praka meM itihAsa, saMskRti aura sAhityika viSayoM kI sAmagrI vizeSa sarAhanIya hai | samayocita 'smArikA' pragati para hai aura Age bhI yahI paramparA banI rahe aisI merI kAmanA hai / " paM0 udayacanda zAstrI, indaura DA. brajendranAtha zarmA, gAjiyAbAda kIpara rASTrIya saMgrahAlaya, naI dillI / Ya

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" mukhya pRSTha para jaina darzana ke mAvadarzaka aura paMca kalyANakoM ke sAmUhika bhAva citroM kI sUjha-bUjha eka anokhI chaTA hai / sAhityika vividhA kA samAveza smArikA meM rakhA gayA hai / hamArA eka sujhAva hai ki rekhAoM dvArA bodha vRttacitroM ko aura samAhita kiyA jAye / " paM0 premacanda 'divAkara,' zAstrI zrIvarNI snAtaka pariSada, sAgara (ma. pra. ) " rAjasthAna jaina sabhA kA yaha stutya kArya jana-mAnasa ko eka AdhyAtmika krAMti kI dizA detA hai | lekha maulika aura punarAvRtti ke doSa se mukta, jJAna pipAsA ke zAmaka tathA zIrSastha vidvAnoM ke haiM / kavitA ke kSetra meM avazya kucha lacIlI bana par3I / merI vinaya hai ki acche gItakAra se Apa racanAyeM Amantrita kareM aura gadya kI bhAMti padya ke svarUpa ko nikhAreM to smArikA meM vahI saundaryatA zrAjAyegI jaise navoDhA ke solaha zRGgAra se vaha mahaka uThatI hai / 33 " samasta rocaka sAhitya vidhAoM se yukta yaha eka viziSTatama kRti bana gaI hai / smArikA it apanA sAhityika va bhAvanAtmaka sahayoga dene hetu sadaiva tatpara hU~ / " pro. nihAla jaina, naugAMva (ma. pra. ) " smArikA Apane bahuta acchI nikAlI / dina pratidina Apa usakA stara UMcA kara rahe haiM / racanAyeM kevala tAtkAlika par3hane kI hI nahIM haiM kintu sthAI rUpa se kucha racanAyeM upayogI tathA sandarbha ke rUpa meM kAma Ane yogya hone se saMgrahaNIya bana gaI hai / ApakA hArdika abhinandana / zrAzA hai Apa bhaviSya meM bhI usakA stara isI prakAra bar3hAkara satsAhitya meM vRddhi kareMge / " kumArI uSA kiraNa khamariyA, jabalapura / " smArikA 1977, pAMca bhAgoM meM pratyanta sundara chapAI, sapheda kAgaja evaM ucca koTi ke vidvAnoM ke lekhoM se zobhita AkarSaka AvaraNayukta pratyanta upayogI, dhArmika tathA aitihAsika uttama sAmagrI ke bharapUra hai / maiM Apako tathA rAjasthAna jaina sabhA ko smArikA ke prakAzana para hArdika badhAIbheTa karatA hU~ / " ( sva0 ) riSabhadAsa rAMkA, pUnA sampAdaka - jaina jagata, bambaI / digambaradAsa jaina, eDavokeTa sahAranapura mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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" smArikA mAlA kA 14 vAM mariyA milaa| baDI AbhA hai isameM / apane laghu parantu mArke kI TippaNI-taraMgoM se use aura bhI nikhAra diyA hai| kaI aise lekha haiM isameM jo bar3e hI zrama zodha ke sAtha taiyAra kiye gaye haiM / kaI naye udIyamAna lekhakoM ko sAmane lAye haiM Apa | Apake dvArA smArikA sampAdana kyA hai eka mizana hai / badhAI / " pratApacanda jaina, zrAgarA "smArikA sampAdana aura prakAzana kI dRSTi se apane zrApa meM pUrNatayA saphala hai aura usake liye Apa sabhI badhAI ke pAtra haiM / isa smArikA meM jahAM sarvAGga sundara zodha-mUlaka dRSTi ke liye uttejaka sthiti darzaka nibandha haiM vahAM bhAvapUrNa kalAtmaka kavitAyeM bhI haiM, eka kahAnI aura eka ekAMkI bhI hai / agrejI vibhAga kI racanAyeM bhI bar3I jJAnavardhaka haiM / " " smArikA kA zrAkAra-prakAra, sAja-sajjA evaM viSaya vastu saba kucha bhavya evaM spRhanIya hai / apanI asvasthatA ke bAvajUda Apane ise sajAyA saMvArA hai / isake liye Apa dhanyavAda ke pAtra haiM / kucha lekha stara ke haiM tathA unakA gaveSaNAtmaka mahatva hai| kula milAkara smArikA bhagavAna mahAvIra sambandhI vibhinna sUcanAoM se bharapUra hai, badhAI / " lakSmIcanda 'saroja' ema. e. sampAdaka - jaina saMskRti bajAja khAnA, jAvarA (ma. pra. ) "smArikA gauravapUrNa aitihAsika paramparA ko lekara eka zodha grantha bana gaI hai / suyogya sampAdana evaM surucipUrNa mudraNa ne cAra cAMda lagA diye haiM / aneka-aneka dhanyavAda ke sAtha / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 DA. harendraprasAda varmA, rIDara - bhAgalapura vi. vi. bhAgalapura / "ApakA prativarSa kA yaha kAryakrama bahuta hI sarAhanIya hai| jisa kAryakuzalatA ke sAtha smArikA prakAzita kI hai, vaha vAstava meM prazaMzanIya hai / smArikA ke lekhoM se jo alpa samaya meM aneka viSayoM kI jAnakArI milatI hai vaha kaI varSo ke adhyayana ke bAda bhI nahIM milatI / smArikA ke lekhaka dhanyavAda ke pAtra haiM / Apako isa saphalatA ke liye hArdika badhAI / " jJAnacanda 'jJAnendra' sAhityaratna, zrAyurvedAcArya DhAnA (sAgara) ma. pra. paMDita lAr3alIprasAda jaina savAI mAdhopura (rAja0 ) jha

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"Apane isa vRddhApana meM bhI jaina samAja kI jo sevA kI hai aura kara rahe haiM. vandanIya hai / prativarSa kI smArikA isakA pramANa hai, smArikA kI chapAI -saphAI, lekhoM kA cayana prapha zrAdi itane muzkila kAma haiM ki acche se acchA naujavAna eka bAra kiMkartavyavimUr3ha ho jAya / magara Apa prativarSa ise eka naye AkarSaNa ke sAtha peza karate haiM ise dekhakara zraddhA se mAthA jhuka jAtA hai, badhAI svIkAreM | / "yaha eka saMdarbha grantha kA rUpa dhAraNa kara haiM / kalevara aura sAmagrI donoM hI dRSTiyoM se isakA sthAna svataH sarvopari siddha hotA hai / " granya hai / " hAsyakavi hajArIlAla jaina 'kAkA' (bundela khaNDI) sakarAra ( jilA jhAMsI) ha gaI hai| kucha lekha to bar3e hI mahatva ke " smArikA eka prakAra se itihAsa, kalA, sAhitya, aura dharma-darzana kA saMdarbha jinavANI (mAsika) jayapura, navambara, 1977 " prati varSa kI bhAMti isa varSa bhI jaina sabhA kI yaha vArSika smArikA na kevala vijJApanoM se bharI hai, balki cAra khaNDoM meM hindI aMgrejI kI acchI racanAoM kA sundara saMkalana evaM sampAdana bhI hai / "prathama evaM dvitIya khaNDa ke kucha nibaMdha to bahuta hI mahatvapUrNa haiN| smArikA paThanIya hai| -'........... zailendrakumAra rastogI ema0 e0 ( purAtatva evaM saMskRti) purAtatva saMgrahAlaya, lakhanaU / jaina jagata, bambaI, maI 1977 ' smArikA ke niyamita prakAzana bhora isameM Ane vAlI mahatvapUrNa sAmagrI ke kAraNa isakA mahatva bar3ha gayA hai / ucca koTi kI sAmagrI kA cayana aura usa para sampAdakIya TippaNiyAM svataH hI pAThaka ko eka bAra par3hanA prAraMbha karane ke pazcAt pUrNa smArikA kA paThana na ho jAne taka chor3ane kA mana nahIM karatA / ' vallabha sandeza, jayapura julAI 1977 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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camakate sitAre jo prasta ho gaye yaha varSa jaina zAsana ke liye zubha nahIM kahA jA sakatA / isa varSa meM digambara jaina samAja ke ziromaNi sAhU zrI zAntiprasAda jaina hameM bilakhatA chor3akara cale gye| jinavANI ke tapaHpUta kaTTara sudhAraka paM0 parameSThIdAsa jaina aura prajJAcakSu paNDita sukhalAla jaina, sAmAjika kAryakartA evaM samAja ko kArtakarttAnoM kI sundara TIma dene vAle prANimAtra ke sevaka zrI riSabhadAsa raoNkA, paM udaya jaina tathA prAcya sAhitya ke prakAzaka zrI sundaralAla jaina hamAre bIca nahIM rhe| ye aise vyaktitva the jina para samasta jaina samAja ko nAja thA / ye vyakti nahIM apitu svayaM meM mUrta saMsthAeM the / inake prabhAva kI samAja meM pUrti honA sambhava nahIM / zrAvaka ziromaNi sAhU zAntiprasAda jaina anabhiSikta samrAT zrAvaka ziromaNi, dAnavIra aura samAja ke karNadhAra sAhU zrI zAntiprasAda jaina ke bAre meM kauna aisA vyakti hogA jo nahIM jAnatA ho / sarasvatI aura lakSmI ke isa varadaputra kA gata 27 akTUbara ko prAtaH hRdaya gati ruka jAne se svargavAsa ho gayA / Apake jIvana meM dharma, karma, artha aura mokSa kI nirupama saMgati thI / preya va zreya ke samAna upAsaka sva0 sAhU jI kA janma uttara pradeza ke aMtargata najIbAbAda ke sAhU gharAne meM 1912 meM huA / Apake pitAmaha zrI saleka caMda sAhU the| pitA zrI dIvAnacaMda jI aura mAtuzrI mUrtidevI thIM / ApakA samUcA vidyArthI jIvana prathama zreNI kA rahA / yaha kevala adhyayana aura jJAnopArjana kI dRSTi se hI nahIM, varan anya vRSTiyoM se bhI / ve sabhI sadguNa aura sadvRtiyAM zrApa meM vikasita huI, jo saphalatA ke zikhara taka pahuMcane ke lie Avazyaka haiM / udyoga ke kSetra meM zrApane svayaM vibhinna zrAdhunika paddhatiyoM kA gaMbhIra adhyayana kiyA tathA vividha viSaya kSetroM meM niraMtara gaveSaNAe~ karAI / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 sa

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sacamuca jisa sahajatA ke sAtha udyoga evaM vyavasAya ke kSetra meM sAhajI ne saphalatA prApta kI, vaha unakI svabhAvagata pratibhA aura sUjhabUjha, saMgaThanakSamatA tathA adhyabasAya aura sahanazIlatA kI sammilita dena hai| vigata varSoM meM deza kI vibhinna zIrSa vyavasAya-saMsthAnoM ke pApa adhyakSa rahai haiM / inameM pramukha haiM : pheDarezana Apha iMDiyana cembara Apha kAmarsa eNDa iNDasTrI, iMDiyana cembara Apha kAmarsa, iMDiyana zugara milsa esosiezana, iNDiyana pepara milsa esosiezana, bihAra cembara Apha kAmarsa eNDa iNDasTrI, rAjasthAna cembara Apha kAmarsa eNDa iNDasTrI, IsTarna yU. pI. cembara Apha kAmarsa eNDa iNDasTrI, pAla ArganAIjezana Apha iNDasTriyala empalAyarsa / isI avadhi meM bhAratIya zrama-vyavasthA sambandhI niyama banate samaya Apane udyoga-dhandhoM kA vyAvahArika dRSTikoNa upasthita kiyaa| apanI viziSTa pratibhA sampannatA tathA vyApaka anubhava ke kAraNa svargIya paM. javAharalAlajI ne deza kI praudyogika pragati kI vaijJAnika parikalpanA ko kAryAnvita karane ke lie jo prathama rASTrIya samiti gaThita kI thI, usameM deza ke taruNa audyogika varga kA pratinidhitva karane ke lie Apako isakA sadasya banAyA gyaa| sAhU sAhaba kI bhAratIya dharma-darzana aura itihAsa tathA sAMskRtika viSayoM ke adhyayana meM bhI prAMtarika ruci thii| bhAratIya kalA eva purAtatva ke kSetra meM bhI ve sAdhikAra carcA kiyA karate the / dhArmika zraddhA meM vaha aDiga the / bhAratIya bhASAoM evaM sAhitya ke vikAsa-unnayana kI dazA meM ApakA ati viziSTa yogadAna rahA / Apake dvArA san 1944 meM bhAratIya jJAnapITha kI saMsthApanA evaM svargIyA zrImatI ramA jaina ke sAtha unakI kArya-pravRttiyAM vizeSakara usake dvArA pravartita bhAratIya bhASAoM kI sarvazreSTha sajanAtmaka sAhityika kRti para prativarSa eka lAkha rupaye kI puraskAra yojanA kI parikalpanA aura aba taka 11 puraskAroM ke nirNayoM kI kAryavidhi meM anavarata ruci evaM mArga darzana, unakI dUradarzitA evaM kSamatA ke bahuprazaMsita amara pratIka haiM / jJAnapITha ke atirikta prApane sAhU jaina TrasTa, sAhU jaina cerITebala sosAyaTI tathA aneka zikSaNa saMsthAoM kI bhI saMsthApanA kii| vaizAlI, prAkRta jaina dharma evaM ahiMsA zodha-saMsthAna kI tathA prAcIna tIrthoM evaM mandiroM Adi ke jIrNoddhAra meM pracara arthadAna diyA hai| Apa akhila bhAratavarSIya digaMbara jaina tIrthakSetra kameTI, bambaI tathA ahiMsA pracAra samiti, kalakattA, akhila bhAratavarSIya digaMbara jaina pariSad evaM mAravADI rilIpha sosAyaTI ke adhyakSa raha cuke the| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 2500 veM nirvANa mahotsava ke kAryakramoM ko saphala banAne meM ApakA sarvAdhika yogadAna rahA hai / jaina samAja ke cAroM saMpradAyoM kI ora se gaThita bhagavAna mahAvIra 2500 vAM nirvANa mahotsava mahAsamiti ke Apa kAryAdhyakSa the bhArata kI saMpUrNa digaMbara jaina samAja kI ora se gaThita oNla iMDiyA digaMbara bhagavAna mahAvIra 2500 vAM nirvANa mahotsava sosAyaTI evaM baMgAlapradeza kSetrIya samiti ke adhyakSa ke rUpa meM Apane deza-vyApI sAMskRtika cetanA ko jAgRta kiyA / bhArata sarakAra dvArA gaThita rASTrIya samiti aura bihAra tathA baMgAla kI samitiyoM meM bhI Apane mahatvapUrNa padoM kA dAyitva tanmayatA se saMbhAlA / * mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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samAja ne apanI zraddhA svarUpa prApako 'dAnavIra' tathA 'zrAvaka - ziromaNI kI upAdhiyoM se sammAnita kiyA / prApake svargavAsa se sAmAjika itihAsa kA eka yuga samApta ho gayA / samAja sevI zrI riSabhadAsa rAMkA bhArata jaina mahAmaNDala ke prAraNa, jaina samAja ke suprasiddha netA, jaina jagata mAsika ke svataMtratA senAnI, samAja sevI zrI riSabhadAsa zaMkA gata 10 disambara ko isa prasAra saMsAra se mahAprayANa kara gaye / sampAdaka, sva0 zaMkAjI ne 75 varSa ke saphala jIvana meM rASTra sAhitya evaM mAnavatA kI ullekhanIya sevAeM kI haiM / Apa karmayogI the / jIvana ke antima kSaNoM taka ve prasanna bhAva se niSkAma karma meM saMlagna rahe / pichale kaI mahinoM se prApa bleDara ke kaiMsara kI bImArI se grasta the kintu samabhAva se haMsate-haMsate na use kebala sahana hI kara raheM the balki apane dRr3ha manobala se svAdhyAya, lekhana prAdi kA bambaI aspatAla meM bhI pratidina prATha-dasa ghaMTe kArya karate raheM / pichale dinoM upacAra hetu jaba ve aspatAla meM the taba unase 'vallabha saMdeza' mAsika dvArA prakAzya 'jaina ekatA' bizeSAMka ke lie unake vicAra cAhe the / unhoMne apane vicAra avilamba bheje / maiM to vizvAsa bhI nahIM kara sakatA ki mRtyu zaiyA para leTe rAMkAjI apane patroM ke javAba itane jaldI kaise de pAte the ? yaha unakA dRr3ha manobala hI thA jisake kAraNa ve roga para bhI grapramatta bhAva se vijayI ho cuke the / AMdhra ke tUphAna pIr3itoM kI sevArtha isa bImArI meM bhI jAne ke lie prApa byAkula the lekina cikitsakoM ne Apako anumati nahIM dI zrApako gAMdhIjI, jamanAlAlajI bajAja, vinobA bhAve jaise mahAnatama rASTrIya vibhUtiyoM kA samparka milA aura apane ina zIrSastha netAoM ke nidezana meM rASTrIya svAdhInatA Andolana meM sakriya bhAga liya aura anekoM bAra jela bhI gaye / anekoM akhila bhAratIya stara kI saMsthAoM meM Apa sakriya padAdhikArI rahe / gausevA aura sarvodaya ke lie Apane apanA jIvana lagA diyA / jaina samAja kI ekatA ke lie Apane bhArata jaina mahAmaNDala ke tatvAvadhAna meM kArya kiyaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra 2500 vA~ nirvANa mahotsava samAroha meM ApakA yogadAna smaraNIya rahegA / ApakI sAmAjika, sAMskRtika gatividhiyoM se prabhAvita hokara hI ApakA 1974 meM mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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bambaI mahAnagarI meM abhinandana kiyA jAkara Apako eka lAkha rupaye kI thailI bheMTa kI gaI jisameM Apane apane pAsa se kucha rAzi milAkara sevA kAryoM hetu eka nyAsa banAkara isa rAzi ke upayoga kI ghoSaNA kI / yaha Apake tyAga va prANImAtra kI sevA kA pratIka hai / mahAna samAja sudhAraka evaM jinavANI putra paM0 parameSThIdAsa jaina upAdhyAya munizrI vidyAnanda ke zabdoM meM paM parameSThIdAsajI rASTra kI nidhi the / prakANDa vidvAna, pra0 bhA0 diga0 jaina pariSad ke mukha-patra 'vIra' ke sampAdaka svatantratA saMgrAma ke agraNIya yauddhA, kaI graMthoM ke lekhaka tathA anuvAdaka, sudhAravAdI netA tathA spaSTa pravaktA paM0 parameSThIdAsa jaina kA gata 13 janavarI ko unake nivAsa sthAna para asAmayika nidhana ho gayA / paNDitajI kA janma jhAMsI maNDala meM maharolI grAma meM san 1907 meM huA / san 1928 meM zrApa siddhAnta zAstrI tathA nyAyatIrtha parIkSAoM meM uttIrNa hue| Apane jaina mitra, loka jIvana, vIra kA sampAdana kiyA / 17 se bhI adhika pustakoM kA Apane anuvAda, lekhana athavA sampAdana kiyA / gujarAta kI prasiddha saMsthA 'rASTra bhASA pracAraka maNDala' kI sthApanA Apake hI sadprayatnoM ke phalasvarUpa huI thI / san 1942 ke svatantratA saMgrAma meM zrApane sapatnI jela yAtrA kI / sAbaramatI jela meM zrApa satyAgrahiyoM ko hindI tathA jaina dharma kI zikSA dete rahe / mahAtmA gAMdhI, kAkA kAlelakara, zrImannArAyaNa aura mAvalaMkara jaise rASTrIya netAoM ke nikaTa samparka meM rahane kA unheM gaurava prApta thA / rASTra sevA ke sAtha hI zrApane samAja sudhAra kI dizA meM bhI kArya prArambha kiyA aura kaTTara vicAroM ke sudhAraka hone ke kAraNa samAja sudhArakoM meM agraNIya paMkti meM rahe / sAdhunoM ke zithilAcAra kA Apane DaTa kara virodha kiyA / carcAsAgara samIkSA, sudharma zrAvakAcAra samIkSA. dAna samIkSA jaisI pustakeM likhakara mApane jAlI graMthoM kA bhaNDAphauDa kiyA / samayasAra va mokSazAstra kI Apane vistRta TIkAeM kii| dassAnoM ko pUjA kA adhikAra dilAyA / mRtyu bhoja jaisI prathAtroM mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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ke virodha meM khulakara apane vicAra vyakta kiye / 'jaina dharma kI udAratA, zIrSaka pustaka jaina dharma kA saccA aura udAra svarUpa janatA ke samakSa rakhA / sAhitya sevA ke saMdarbha meM Apako 'vIra nirvAraNa bhAratI' puraskAra se sammAnita kiyA gayA / zivapurI ke zrI nemIcanda gauMdavAle ApakA abhinandana graMtha prakAzita kara rahe the lekina daiva ko yaha svIkAra nahIM thA aba vaha smRti graMtha hogA / ' prajJA cakSu paM0 sukhalAla jaina prajJA cakSu paM0 sukhalAlajI kA duHkhada dehAvasAna 97 varSa kI avasthA meM gata 2 mArca ko hadamAbAda meM ho gayA / grApa pichale eka saptAha se kiDanI evaM raktacApa ke roga vizeSa pIr3ita the / upalabdha zreSTha upacAra vyavasthAnoM ke pazcAta bhI prApako bacAyA na jA sakA / paNDitajI bhAratIya darzana zAstra aura saMskRti ke prakANDa paNDita, samarthaka, cintaka aura suprasiddha lekhaka the / sarasvatI ke isa varada putra ke avasAna para deza ke cintana jagata meM gaharA zoka chA gayA / Apake nidhana para pradhAnamantrI zrI morArajI bhAI desAI ne eka zoka saMdeza meM kahA ki paM0 sukhalAlajI ke avasAna se deza ne bhAratIya vidyA ke eka atyanta vidvAna aura asAdhAraNa dArzanika ko kho diyA hai / paNDitajI ne gAMdhIjI ke eka sAthI kI taraha gujarAta vidyApITha ke purAtatva mandira ke vikAsa meM sarAhanIya sahayoga diyA thA / paMNDitajI apane pIche vidyA aura varcasva kI aisI virAsata choDa gaye haiM jisakA lAbha isa deza ke nAgarikoM ko sadaiva milatA rahegA / ApakI preraNA se hI pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha hindU vizvavidyAlaya aura gujarAta vidyApITha ke mAdhyama se ko samarpita kiye jo prAja Apake prabhAva kI pUrti meM prAge zodha-khoja ke mArga darzaka hoMge / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 meM zrApane saMsthAna kI sthApanA ho sakI kAzI apane anekoM vidvAna ziSyaratna samAja ga

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paM0 udaya jaina kAnor3a ke javAhara vidyApITha evaM jaina zikSaNa saMgha ke saMsthApaka saMcAlaka paM0 udaya jaina kA di0 27 navambara 77 ko 64 varSa kI avasthA meM hRdaya, gati ruka jAne se dehAvasAna ho gayA / inakA janma nAma vRddhicanda thaa| san 1936 meM rAjasthAna ke prasiddha rASTrIya netA zrI mANikyalAla varmA ke sAtha samparka huaa| mRtyu bhoja jaisI kurItiyoM kA sakriya virodha kiyaa| sAdhuoM meM vyApta zithilAcAra ke viruddha saphala AvAja uThAI akTUbara san 1940 meM pratApodaya skUla kI sthApanA kI / san 1942 meM prajAmaNDala Andolana meM jela yAtrA kI / san 1952 taka rAjanIti meM sakriya rahane ke pazcAta saMnyAsa grahaNa kara apanA sampUrNa jIvana saMsthA ko samarpita kara diyaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra kI jIvana aura siddhAntoM para likhI inakI 'vIra vibhUti' nAmaka pustaka inake svatantra lekhana tathA cintana kA pratinidhitva karatI hai| zrI sundalAla jaina prAcya vidyA ke prakAzaka bhAratIya prAcya vidyA ke pramukha prakAzaka, samAja sevI sarasvatI ke pujArI lAlA sundaralAla jaina kA gata janavarI mAha meM svargavAsa ho gyaa| prAcya vidyA ke graMthoM ke prakAzana meM prApakA vareNya sthAna thaa| prAcya granthoM ke prakAzana ke kSetra meM Apane bhArata tathA videzoM meM bhI mahAna yaza ajita kiyA / bhApa meM. motIlAla banArasIdAsa prakAzana gRha ke saMsthApaka the / eka hajAra se bhI adhika ucca stara ke graMthoM ke prakAzana kA zreya isa saMsthAna ko hai jisane lAlAjI ke nirdezana meM mahatvapUrNa pragati kI / bhAratIya prAcya vidyA ke rASTrIya tathA antarrASTrIya kSetra meM ve cira-smaraNIya evaM zraddhA-pAtra rheNge| mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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Dui Jian Jian Jian Ao Xian Ao Zhuo S prathama OTAn An Xi An Zhang Qi Li Bei Chi Ao , XXXX khaNDa Zhang 8 mahAvIra : unakA darzana evaM itara darzana EffffffffffffLEEEEEEE

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Wan vIra vandanA // DA0 pannAlAla : sAhityAcAryaH sAgaram / hiMsAdipApAnaladagdhavizvaM ___zamAmatena prazamayya zAntam / cakAra yarataM prara mAmi nityaM dauraM sudhIraM manujaugha hIram // 1 // ekAntavAdena hataM samastaM jagat samuddhartumanA mnsvii| syAdvAdapIyUSapayodavRSTyA ___ tuSTaM vyadhAdyastamahaM namAmi // 2 // mAdAya pANau zuklAbhidhAnaM dhyAnaM kRpANaM vidhivairiNastAn / hatvA drutaM yena zivasya rAjyaM prAjyaM sulabdhaM sa jino'tra jIyAt // 3 // kuvAdivAdAdri samUhasAnu pracaNDavana timiraughabhAnum / namAmi vIraM guriNabhiH sanAthaM | pAdAnatAmartyasamUhanAtham // 4 // pracAritAyoM bhavi yena nityaM sAmyasravantyAM sahasAvagAhya / prApnoti saukhyaM janatA jagatyAM taM vIranAthaM praNamAmi samyak // 5 //

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kisI bhI kSetra meM vyApta burAI ko jar3a se ukhAr3a DAlane hetu kiNa gayA prayatna kAnti kahalAtI hai| jaba burAI kA samUla uccheda ho jAtA hai to vaha krAnti saphala kahalAtI hai / mahAvIra ne krAnti ke lie vyakti tathA samaSTi donoM kSetroM ko cunA / vyaktigata krAnti meM ve pUrNa saphala hue kyoMki unhoMne prAtmika maloM ko dUra kara usakA zuddha svarUpa prApta kara liyA thaa| samaSTi ke utthAna ke lie unhoMne ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha kA mArga batAyA tathA samAja saMgaThita rUpa se eka parivAra ko bhAMti raha sake isake lie cintana ke kSetra meM unhoMne anekAnta tathA vANI ke kSetra meM syAdvAda kA pratipAdana kiyaa| nizcaya hI ye siddhAnta haiM jinakA pAlana yadi samaSTi kare to dharA para hI svarga kA nirmANa ho sakatA hai, use anyatra DhUDhane kI AvazyakatA nhiiN| --polyAkA mahAvIra : prAtmakrAnti aura janakrAnti ke prAIne meM .DaoN0 narendra bhAnAvata prAdhyApaka hindI vibhAga rAja. vi. vi., jayapura caitra zuklA trayodazI mahAvIra kA janma divasa hai / isI bindu para vyakti aura samAja, aAtma dharma hai / unhoMne sAdhanA aura puruSArtha ke bala para AtmA aura samAja dharma paraspara milate haiM aura eka dUsare para lage samasta karmadalikoM ko naSTa kara, nirmala ko puSTa aura kalyANaka banAte haiM / aura nirvikAra paramAtma sthiti prApta kara apane jaina dharma meM mukhya bala aAtma jAgRti para diyA janma ko sArthaka bnaayaa| mahAvIra ne yaha sArthakatA gayA hai / vyakti taba taka dehAsakta athavA dehaparAyaNa arthAt nirvANa jisa dina prApta kiyA use hama banA rahatA hai, taba taka usakI jAgRti vAratavika dIpAvalI parva ke rUpa meM manAte haiN| janma se nirvANa jAgRti nahIM kahI jA sktii| vaha eka prakAra kI kI yaha sAdhanA athavA yAtrA eka prakAra se suSupti kI avasthA hai| jaba vaha dehAtIta hokara jAgaraNa kI yAtrA hai| yaha jAgaraNa mukhyataH AtmaparAyaNa banatA hai taba usameM vAstavika jAgRti Atma kendrita hokara bhI janajAgRti kA mUla thirakane lagatI hai / paryuSaNa parva kI sAdhanA aura 1-2 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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mahAvIra kA nirvANa divasa pradhAna rUpa se prAtma- srota avirala phUTatA rahe / Aja vyakti yAMtrika bana jAgaraNa kI ora unmukha karate haiN| para mahAvIra gayA hai| usameM hArdikatA kA aMza kama hotA jA jayantI, Atma jAgRti se prApta zakti aura prakAza rahA hai / vaha apano ke vIca raha kara bhI parAyA kA jana jAgRti meM upayoga karane kA avasara pradAna bana gayA hai, usakI dizAeM aura rizte kho gaye haiN| karatI hai| aisI sthiti meM mahAvIra kA ahiMsA prata aura maitrI bhAva rAga se pare, sabako anurAga meM bAMdhatA hai| hameM yaha nahIM bhUlanA cAhiye ki jaina dharma mUlataH janakrAnti aura prAtmakrAnti kA dharma rahA Aja ke artha pradhAna yuga meM ahiMsA kI samyaka hai| jaba ye donoM krAntiyAM samAnAntara calatI haiM paripAlanA aparigraha kI bhAvanA ko AtmasAta taba Atma dharma aura samAja dharma meM santulana banA kiye binA nahIM ho sktii| yadi koI vyakti rahatA hai para jaba yaha santulana bigar3atA hai taba parigraha kI maryAdA na kare aura ahiMsA kI sAdhanA sthiti ke anusAra Atma dharma athavA samAja dharma meM karane kA vrata le to vaha kabhI pUrNa nahIM ho sktaa| se kisI eka ko pradhAnatA denI par3atI hai| merI bhagavAna mahAvIra ne Aja se aDhAI hajAra varSa pUrva dRSTi se paryuSaNa parva kI sAdhanA aura mahAvIra jaba Arthika samasyA itanI jaTila nahIM thI. ke nirvANa divasa kI pArAdhanA, upAsanA meM hamArA aparigraha ke mahatva ko hRdayaMgama kara liyA thA / bala AtmamitA ko jAgRta karane para vizeSa rahatA ahiMsA mahAvrata kI nirbAdha sAdhanA ke liye hI hai| yadi hama mahAvIra jayantI ko manAte samaya unhoMne vaibhava sampanna, aizvaryapUrrA sampUrNa rAjapATa samAjarmitA para vizeSa bala dete hue, jana jAgRti ko tyAga kara AkiMcana vrata grahaNa kara liyA thA / kA AhvAna kara sakeM aura usake anurUpa racanAtmaka Aja ke saMdarbha meM mahAvIra dvArA pratipAdita parigraha kAryakrama prastuta kara sakeM to hama mahAvIra kI parimANa vrata kI sarvAdhika sArthakatA yahI hai ki vicAradhArA ko sahI pariprekSya de pAyeMge / vyakti apanI AvazyakatA se adhika saMgraha na kare, usake pAsa AvazyakatA se adhika jo sampatti haiM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke siddhAnta jana jAgRti meM use vaha apane svAmitva kI na samajhe varan samAja aTUTa preraNA srota bana sakate haiN| unakA ahiMsA kI samajhe aura loka kalyANa ke liye usakA kA siddhAnta apane astitva kI rakSA karate hue niSkAma bhAva se visarjana karade / dUsaroM ke astitva kI svIkRti para bala detA hai| jaisI ApakI AtmA hai vaisI dUsare prANI kI bhI yaha bar3I viDamvanA hai ki mahAvIra ke tathAhai, jaisA saMvedana Apako priya lagatA hai vaisA dUsare kathita anuyAyI Aja atyadhika parigrahI haiN| unameM ko bhii| ataH mana, vacana aura karma se Apa koI se bahuta kama aise haiM jinhoMne apane parigraha kI aisA kAma na kareM jisase dUsare ko kaSTa ho athavA maryAdA bAMdha rakhI ho aura AvazyakatA se adhika usakI svataMtratA meM bAdhA par3e / ahiMsA kA yaha sampatti kA upayoga ve janakalyANa ke liye karate siddhAnta vaiyaktika rUpa se jIne kI aisI paddhati hoM / AvazyakatA isa bAta kI hai ki parigraha nirdhArita karatA hai ki jisameM vyakti kisI duHkha parimANa vratadhArI zrAvakoM kI saMkhyA adhikAdhika kA kAraNa na bana pAye aura apane jIvana vyavahAra bddh'e| ko, zIla-svabhAva ke isa prakAra gaThita kareM ki bhagavAn mahAvIra ne parigraha ko kevala calausake roma-roma se prema, karuNA aura maitrI kA acala sampatti taka hI sImita nahIM rakhA / unhoMne mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 1-3

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mata, sampradAya, haThavAditA Adi ko bhI parigraha cAritra ke pUrva "samyak" vizeSaNa kI isa dRSTi se maanaa| vicAroM kI ekAMgitA aura saMkIrNatA ke gaharI arthavattA hai / Aja jJAna kA, darzana kA aura dAyare se vyakti mukta ho, yaha usakI mUlyavAn cAritra kA kSetra bar3A vyApaka vanA hai, para usameM se svatantratA hai| isa svataMtratA kI prApti ke liye 'samyavatva' gAyaba ho jAne se vaha sarvakalyANakArI unhoMne anekAMta darzana kI pratiSThA kii| anekAnta nahIM bana pA rahA hai| darzana kA mUlahArda hai-jo kucha tuma socate ho yA dekhate ho vahI saca nahIM hai, dUsare jo socate haiM mahAvIra janmajAta krAnti puruSa the| unhoMne aura dekhate haiM vaha bhI saca ho sakatA hai, aisA samajha vicAra aura prAcAra donoM dharAtaloM para prAtmakrAMti kara kisI eka hI bAta para ar3e na rho| apanI ke sAtha-sAtha janakrAnti kii| unakI krAnti ke bAta para dUsaroM kI daSTi se bhI cintana kro| sAtha ahiMsA aura abhaya kA adbhuta mela thA, vastu ananta dharmAtmaka hai ataH kisI eka dharma ko svataMtratA aura samAnatA kI anUThI saMdhi thii| dekha kara yA samabhakara usake samasta dharmoM ko dekhane mahAvIra kI vaha krAnti janakrAnti vana kara janayA samajhane kI bhUla mata karo / jaba kabhI satya kA jIvana meM phUTe, prAja isakI apekSA hai| isake liye prakhaNDa rUpa meM darzana karanA ho taba apane ko prAvazyaka hai ki hama dhAmikoM ke jIvana meM hI virodha kI sthiti meM rakhakara satya ko prkho| krAnti na lAveM varan dharma ko bhI krAnti ke vAhaka taba satya kA jo rUpa nikharegA vaha akhaNDa ke rUpa meM pratipAdita aura mUlyAMkita kreN| mahAvIra aura pUrNa hogaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne isa jayantI manAne kI sArthakatA isI bAta para sthiti ko "samyaka" kahA hai| jJAna, darzana aura nirbhara hai| mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 |

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prANimAtra kA sAdhya mukti hai| jisa mArga para cala kara muktilAbha kiyA jA sakatA hai vaha sAdhana kahalAtA hai tathA usa mArga kA jJAna hI vijJAna kahalAtA hai / sAdhAraNataH bhautika zarIra ke chUTane ko mukti mAnA jAtA hai kintu vaha to bhautika hone se eka na eka dina chUTatA hI hai / vAstavika mukti hai tejasa aura kArmaNa zarIroM se chuTakArA jinake kAraNa zrAtmA janmamaraNa ke cakkara meM anAdi kAla se ghUma rahA hai / prANimAtra meM sabhabhAva rakhanA sAdhanA kA kendra bindu hai aura tapa vaha prakriyA jisase zrAtmA ke kArmika bandhana DhIle hote haiM / sva meM kendrita honA hI pratikramaNa hai tathA mUrcchA TUTane para jo prApta hotA hai vaha hI mahAvrata haiN| yaha hai vaha vijJAna jise mahAvIra ne svayaM jAnA tathA usakI sAdhanA kara sAdhya ko pAyA tathA jisa mArga para calane ke lie janatA ko upadeza diyA / isI kA vaijJAnika vivecana apanI viziSTa zailI meM mAnya lekhaka ne isa nibandha meM prastuta kiyA hai / jise par3hakara pAThaka apane Apako lAbhAnvita pranubhava kareMge aisI prAzA hai| - polyAkA vaijJAnika ko prAMkha se - bhagavAna mahAvIra ke darzana bhItara se bAhara kI zrora agara hameM bhagavAna mahAvIra ko samajhanA hai to unheM bAhara se na samajheM balki bhItara se jAneM / bAhara kA paricaya hane kathya kI ora le jAtA hai, satya kI prora nhiiN| sabhI caubIsa tIrtha karoM kI pratimAyeM, svarUpa meM eka jaisI hotI haiM / kyA itane lambe samaya ke antarAla se hone vAle tIrtha - kara, rUpa meM eka jaise hoMge ? phira eka jaise svarUpa karane kA kyA tAtparya hai ? isakA eka hI artha yaha ho sakatA hai ki tIrtha kara jaise divya puruSoM kA bAhya visarjita ho jAtA hai / phira unakA vAhya mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 zrI nihAlacanda jaina vyAkhyAtA zA0 u0 mA0 vi0 naugA~va (ma pra 0 ) zarIra koI mahatva nahIM rkhtaa| kyoMki una sabhI tIrthaMkaroM kI zrAtmAyeM eka hI cintamaya dharAtala ko prApta ho gayI thIM / ataH hamane bAhara kA rUpa bhI antara ko ujAgara karane ke liye eka jaisA banA diyA hai / to isa antardRSTi se hI bhagavAna mahAvIra ko samajheM tabhI ye hamArI jJAnakrAnti meM preraka bana sakate haiM / anyathA hamArI bAhya dRSTi 'kevala jJAna' prApta karane ke sAdhanoM ko hI sAdhya mAnakara yaha kahatI rahegI ki kevala jJAna ke lie 'digambaratva' cAhiye / athavA ahiMsA, satya, aparigraha aura brahmacarya ko mahAvIra 1-5

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svAmI ne apanI utkRSTatA meM sAdhA thaa| mahAvIra aura vikalpa cAhe kaisA bhI kyoM na ho ko jAnane ke ye saba bAhya rUpa haiM ki unhoMne ghara vaha bAMdhatA hai| bAMdhane vAlA paratantra hai aura chor3A thA, rAjamahala chor3e the, aura sArI vibhUti paratantratA dukha kA mUla hai| lekina jahAM dRSTA chor3I thii| bhAva haiM, jahAM sAkSI bhAva haiM vahAM phira baMdhanA nahIM hotaa| vaha phira vikalpoM kI kasaka meM nahIM kSudra jJAna hI ghara aura dIvAra kI sImAnoM ko / prA paataa| jAnatA hai / jahAM virATa jJAna pA gayA vahA~ unake khar3e hone kA dAyarA bhI ananta bana jAtA hai sAdhanA kA kendra bindu-'sAmAyika' unakA ghara bhI ananta bana jAtA hai aura unakA jIvana bhI ananta hI ho jAtA hai| saca to yaha hai bhagavAna mahAvIra kI sAdhanA kA kendra bindu ki virATa ko bhogane kA sAmarthya eka kSudra citta hai-'sAmAyika' / yadi hama vaijJAnika sandarbha meM isa meM nahIM ho pAtA imaliye vaha dIvAroM se ghire 'sAmAyika' zabda kA vizleSaNa kareM to bhagavAna kSetra ko ghara mAna baiThatA hai| mahAvIra jaise prAtma mahAvIra se bar3A aura koI vaijJAnika dikhAI nahIM pUruSArthI, jinakI janma se nirvAga taka vijaya pdd'taa| saMsAra kI pratyeka vastu tIna AyAma meM kI bhASA rahI, se spaSTa hai ki yadi ve brAhmaNa bhI hotI haiM ve haiM - lambAI, cauDAI aura uuNcaaii| hote to kSatriya kahalAte / kyoMki kSatriya-dharma hai, lekina prAtmA kI eka aura dizA hai jo cetanA vijaya pAnA, bhukanA nhiiN| kI dizA hai, vaha hai,-'samaya' / jo astitva kA cauthA aAyAma hai / jo prAinsaTIna aura minko ne mahAvIra svAmI ne bAraha varSa jo tapazcaryA astitva kI paribhASA inhIM cAroM AyAmoM ke kI thI usakI upalabdhi 'vItarAgatA' thii| satya, jor3a se kI hai / isa bAta kA pahalA bodha Aja ahiMsA, brahmacarya prAdi usa vItarAga-upalabdhi kI se 2500 varSa pahile bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI upa-utpattiyAM thIM / jaise gehU~ ke sAtha bhUsA usakA ko huA thA ki 'samaya' cetanA kI dizA hai / jo bAi-proDakTa hotA hai, vaise hI jaba vItarAgatA tatva sadA se hai aura sadA rahegA - vaha samaya hai| phalita hotI hai to kucha azuddha avasthAyeM apane samaya kI dhArA meM saMsAra kI pratyeka vastu Apa vijita ho jAtI haiN| vItarAgatA eka parivartita ho rahI hai, parantu yaha svayaM aparivartaanubhUti hai jo antara meM paidA hotI hai aura satya, nIya hai / yahI akelA zAzvata satya hai jo sadA thA ahiMsA aura brahmacarya Adi usakI abhivya- aura sadA rhegaa| isaliye bhagavAna mahAvIra ne ktiyAM haiN| AtmA ko 'samaya' zabda se vyavahRta kiyaa| jisa prakAra eka vaijJAnika ne paramAraNu kA vizleSaNa kevala jJAna kA kyA artha hai ? jahAM jJAna ne eka ilekTrAna ke rUpa meM kiyaa| usI prakAra svayaM ke kartApana kA bhAva miTAkara kevala dRSTApana mahAvIra svAmI ne cetanA kA vizleSaNa eka kA bhAva rakha liyA, vahI jJAna, kebala-jJAna bana antima khaNDa yA praNa ke rUpa meM kiyA hai jisakA jAtA hai / kyoMki jaba taka kartavya kA bhAva hai, nAma--samaya hai| samaya vartamAna kA tathAkathita taba taka svAmitva hai, bhogane kI sajJA hai| phira kSaNa (eka mAikrosekeNDa) usakA bhI kucha cAhe hI puNya hI kyoM na bhoge, prema hI kyoM lAkhavAM hissA hotA hai, to ilekTrAna kI bhAMti na kare usa kApana meM vikalpa AyegA dikhAI nahIM detaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra kahate haiM ki 1-6 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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jisa dina Apa itane zAnta aura nirmala bana jAyeM rUpa pudgala paramANugoM ke viziSTa samUha ke rUpa ki vartamAna kA vaha atyalpa samaya kA kaNA bhI meM hote haiM jo caitanya yA jIva ko prabhAvita karane jhalaka jAye to Apa sAmAyika meM praveza kara gaye kI eka vizeSatA rakhate haiN| jaise AkAza kI hote haiN| ananta vidya ta cumbakIya taraMgoM meM se eka nizcita tapazcaryA-eka vaijJAnika prakriyA svarUpa meM bArambAratA kI taMragoM ko reDiyo-risIvara kA ____bhagavAna mahAvIra kI tapazcaryA kA hetu karmoM prosileTara apane meM usI prakAra kI taMragoM ko se nirbadha hokara apane sahaja caitanya svarUpa ko utpanna kara vidyutIya sAmyAvasthA ke siddhAnta prApta kara lenA thaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne 'kAyA se prApta karatA hai / ThIka aisI hI ghaTanA prAtmA meM kleza' arthAt kAyA ke miTAne ko tapa khaa| kArmANa skandhoM ke prAkarSita hone meM hotI hai / magara unakA matalaba isa paudgalika kAyA ko vicAroM aura bhAvoM kI anavarata zRkhalA ke kaSTa dene yA miTAne se nahIM thA / jo ananta bAra pariNAmasvarUpa mana, vANI aura zArIrika naSTa huI, use miTAne meM kaunasI sAdhanA hai ? kriyAnoM dvArA prAtmA ke pradezoM meM kampana utpanna unakA kAyA se tAtparya thA vaha sUkSsa zarIra jise hote haiM, jise jaina dazana meM yoga saMjJA dI gaI hai| unhoMne 'kArmANa zarIra' kahA hai, jo usa bAhya prarthAt yoga-zakti se prAtmA ke pradezoM se eka zarIra aura AtmA ko jor3ane kA mAdhyama ananta kSetrAvagAhI sambandha rakhane vAle 'kArmANa zarIra' janmoM se banI huI hai aura jise Aja taka nahIM / ke paramANu meM kampana hote haiM aura yaha kArmANa miTAyA jA sakA hai| tapa kA artha unhoMne aisI zarAra hone mI zarIra eka osileTara kI bhAMti kArya karane lagatA garmI se liyA hai jo bhItara-sAkSI bhAva se paidA hai / jo Electrical resonance ke siddhAntAhotI hai aura jisase yaha sUkSma zarIra pighalane nusAra lokAkAza meM upasthita samAna bArambAratA lagatA hai / taijasa aura kArmANa zarIra UrjA yA taraMga-lambAI kI kArmANa-taraMgoM ko AkarSita (Energy) ke rUpa meM hamArI cetana zakti (grAtmA) kara grahaNa karatA rahatA hai aura isa prakAra kAraNa se sambaddha hai| zarIra kA saMgaThana kabhI bhI skhalita nahIM ho jisa prakAra reDiyo taraMgoM meM vidya ta taraMgeM pAtA hai / aura cumbakIya taraMgeM eka sAtha eka-dUsare ke tapazcaryA-vaha prakriyA hai jo isa kArmANa abhilamba avinAbhAvI rUpa ke sAtha-sAtha rahatI haiM, zarIra ke prosileTara kI kampana prakriyA ko DhIlI aura unameM bIjabhUta zabdoM ko paidA karane kI zakti banAtA hai jo ki yogoM kI saralatA yA mana, prasuptAvasthA meM rahatI hai| ThIka isI prakAra ye vANI aura kriyA kI caMcalatA ko sameTane se taijasa praura kArmANa zarIra bhI taraMgoM ke rUpa meM hotA hai| yaha svayaM meM kartavyapana ke visarjana caitanya zakti ko apane meM bAMdhe huye haiN| yahI aura sAkSI-bhAva ke sRjana se sambhava hotA hai| taraMgeM karmoM ke prAsrava aura baMdha tathA saMvara aura yahAM se kAraNa zarIra kA pighalanA prArambha ho nirjarA kI prakriyAyeM karatI rahatI haiN| jAtA hai aura jitane anupAta meM kAraNa zarIra yahAM thor3A 'karma siddhAnta' ko bhI vijJAna ke kI tIvratA kama hogI, tejasa zarIra bhI usI Adhunikatama taraMga siddhAnta se dekha leM jisase anupAta meM virala hotA jaayegaa| yahI pratikSaNa upayukta pAnava yA nirjarA kI prakriyA spaSTa ho kI saMvara prakriyA hai| arthAt tapazcaryA se saMvara jAtI hai| ye 'kANi zarIra' kArmANa vargaNA kI ghaTanA hotI hai| sAkSI bhAva kI eka aisI mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 1-7

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caramAvasthA pAtI hai jise nirvikalpa samAdhi makAna meM, patnI meM, beTe Adi meM phailI rahatI hai| kahate haiM, yahAM yogoM kI pravRti ekadama banda ho jitanI adhika prAsakti, cetanA kA bAharI phailAva jAtI hai aura phira kArmAraNa-zarIra saMracanA meM utanA hI adhika hotA jAtA hai| yahAM pratikramaNa navIna kAraNa taraMgoM kA AnA to samApta ho se tAtparya hai --sArI cetanA ko sameTa lenA apane hI jAtA hai, varan isakA saMgaThana bhI bikharane bhItara / 'sAmAyika' meM praveza se pUrva hamArI cetanA lagatA hai, yahI nirjarA hai| aura sampUrNa-karmoM kI apane 'sva' meM A jAye tabhI sAmAyika kI sIr3hI nirjINAvasthA hI mokSa hai| mokSa koI sthAna car3hI jA sakatI hai / 'sva' meM kendrita honA hI vizeSa nahIM hai / yaha sthiti vizeSa hai, jahAM AtmA pratikramaNa hai| vaha cetanA ke phailAva ko svayaM se ve sUkSma kAmariNa aura tejasa zarIra bhI samApta ke kendra para saghanIbhUta kara lenA hai| jisase ho jAte haiM / inhIM sUkSma zarIra ko pighalane meM isakA upayoga prAtma-sthiti vA Atma-darzana ke lagA hA zrama tapazcaryA hai aura pighalane kI jo liye kiyA jA sake / isI hetu zrAvaka ke liye prakriyA hai, dhyAna hai| pratikramaNa karane kA vidhAna hai jo dhyAna meM jAne kA pUrva caraNa hai| mahAvIra eka bar3I khoja vijJAna sIdhe niyama para nirdhArita hai aura vaha bhagavAna mahAvIra-mahAvratI kahalAte haiN| kArya kAraNa, siddhAta para khar3A hai| dharma bhI mahAvrata kyA hai ? mUrchA ke TUTate hI jo upalabdha vijJAna hai / dharma hai, cetanA vijJAna / bAhara jo hai, hotA hai, vaha mahAvrata hai / abhyAsa kara sAdhI gaI usakI khoja vijJAna hai, bhItara jo hai. usakI vastu yA vrata se hama apanI marchA nahIM tor3a skte| khoja dharma hai / ataH dharma bhI kArya kAraNa siddhAMta kyoMki prayAsa se sAdhe huye vrata meM bhI eka saMgharSa para khar3A hai| vijJAna kahatA hai ki bhagavAna se hai, mana ke khilApha calane kI eka vyavasthA hai / hameM lenA-denA nhiiN| hama to prakRti kA niyama jaba vastuproM se hamAga lagAva hI chUTa jAye taba khojate haiN| ThIka yahI bAta bhagavAna mahAvIra ne vaha sthiti hI amUrchA kI sthiti hai aura aisI cetanA se kahI hai ki hama niyantA ko vidA karate sthiti meM visphoTa kI bhAMti mahAvata upalabdha haiN| unhoMne Atma puruSArtha ko mahattA dI aura hotA hai| kahA ki hama jo kara rahe haiM, vahI hama bhoga rahe haiM, Upara bhagavAna mahAvIra kI sAdhanA ke sandarbha acchA yA burA bhoganA koI bhAgya kA likhA yA meM kucha bAteM kahIM haiM / jaise vijJAna jIvana se kisI niyantA kA diyA nahIM balki hamAre kArya alaga nahIM hai usI prakAra sAdhanA bhI jIvana se kA phala hai| kArya aura usake phala meM sIdhA alaga koI vastu nhiiN| sAdhanA to jIvana meM dharma sambandha hai jo usI kSaNa se milanA prArambha ho ke phUla haiM jo svayaM ko suvAsita to kara hI dete jAtA hai| haiM vAtAvaraNa ko bhI sugandhamaya banA dete haiM / kucha pAribhASika zabda-naye sandarbha meM - aise kucha sAdhanA ke tathyoM ko vaijJAnika paribhASA ... bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI ne zrAvaka ke liye meM bAMdhakara unheM Aja ke naye sandarbho meM dekhA hai pratikramaNa' batAyA hai| pratikramaNa kA sAdhAraNa tAki dharma se upekSita yuvA pIr3hI ina siddhAntoM artha hai AkramaNa ko vApisa kara denA / sAmAnya aura vizvAsoM ke prati vaijJAnika dRSTi utpanna kara rUpa se hamArI cetanA, mitra meM, zatru meM, dhana meM, sake / 1-8 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA

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POOR guNa do prakAra ke hote haiN| eka sAmAnya jo saba meM samAna rUpa se milate haiN| dasare vizeSa jinase eka kI dUsare se vizeSatA jJAta hotI hai, pahacAna hotI hai, usakI parakha hotI hai| vyakti kI vizeSatA use dUsare vyaktiyoM se pRthak pahacanavAtI hai| prastuta lekha meM bha. mahAvIra ke vyaktitva ko zAstrIya, prAyurvedIya, manovijJAna Adi vibhinna dRSTikoNoM se jAMcA parakhA gayA hai aura lekhaka isa niSkarSa para pahuMcA hai ki mahAvIra ke vyaktitva kA varNana zabdoM dvArA karanA sambhava nahIM hai aura usakI dRSTi meM usakI yaha asaphalatA meM hI mahAvIra ke vyaktitvamApana kI saphalatA antanihita hai| -polyAkA mahAvIra-vyaktitva-mApana OM zrI lakSmIcandra 'saroja' ema e. bajAja khAnA, jAvarA (ma. pra.) yadyapi vyaktitva ke artha aura svarUpa ke sambandha (1) satoguNa (satva) meM vidvAnoM ne kAphI UhApoha kiyA parantu usakI (2) rajoguNa (rajas) sarvamAnya paribhASA abhI bhI svIkRta nahIM huI hai| (3) tamoguNa (tamas) janasAdhAraNa vyakti ko vaha prabhAvIzakti mAnate haiM, jaba tInoM guNa rAmAna parimAraNa meM rahate haiM jA dUsarA ka hRdaya jAtatA hai, usakA vizvAsa prApta taba prakRti .apanI supta avasthA meM hotI hai para karatI hai, unheM prabhAvita karatI hai / / sAmyAvasthA bhaMga hote hI prakRti jAgRtAvasthA meM vyaktitva zabda vyakti se banA hai| vicAra ke pAtI hai| sAmAnyatayA to pratyeka padArtha aura vyakti isa bindu se vyaktitva se tAtparya una guNoM se hai, meM ye tInoM guNa pAye jAte haiM para jisa anupAta meM ye jinake AdhAra para vyakti-vyakti meM antara lekhA jA guNa jisa vyakti meM jaise hoMge, unake anurUpa hI sakatA hai| yaha antara vyakti ke prAntarika aura usake vyaktitva kA nirmANa hogaa| bAhya vyAvahArika guNoM para aAdhArita hotA hai / bhagavad gItA ke 14veM adhyAya meM bhI satva hAM to vyaktitva-vyakti kA guNa, usakI bhAvavAcaka rajas aura tamas ke AdhAra para manuSya kA vyaktitva saMjJA hai| banane kI bAta kahI gaI hai| kapila ke satoguNI kapila muni ne sAMkhya zAstra meM vyaktitva ke jina vyaktiyoM meM satva yA rajoguNa kI adhisUcaka tIna guNa mAne haiM:-- katA mAnI gaI hai, unameM saumya aura zAnti virAja mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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mAna rahatI hai / kAraNa, satva halakA aura prakAzaka ga samadhAtu-zarIra meM rasa rakta prAdi dhAtueM hai, isaliye satva padArtha halake hote haiM / satva se na kama hoM na adhika / yUkta vyakti-sukha aura dukha donoM avasthAoM meM sama gha. samamala-mala-matra pasInA Adi na kama rahate haiN| pAnA na adhik| bhagavAna mahAvIra paramavItarAgI the / kSamA aura Ga. samakriyA-zArIrika aura mAnasika mRdutA kI mUrti the / prArjava aura zauca ke srota the| kriyAoM meM samatA / satya aura saMyama ke kendra the| tapa aura tyAga ke ca. prasannAtmendriya manA:-prAtmA aura indriya pratIka the / AkiMcanya aura brahmacarya ke jvalanta tathA mana kI prasannatA, bAhara-bhItara khuzahAlI kI Adarza the| unhoMne anugAmiyoM ko sAmAyika yA ujiyAlI / samabhAva kI sAdhanA karane kA sukhada sandeza diyA thA / sarvadA samatA ke sadana meM sukha se nivAsa karane bhagavAna mahAvIra kA zarIra parama praudA rika kI salAha dI thii| ve caMcalatA aura uttejanA se ___ thA, ataeva vAtapitta kapha janita vikAroM se pare rahita the, ata eva apane jIvana meM prAgata aneka thA / zrAhAra kI bAta to phira bhI unake liye thI upasargoM aura parISahoM (sva-parakRta upadravoM) ko para nihAra kI bilkula nhiiN| uAkA utkRSTa jItane meM samartha huye| ve Alasya se pare the, ata ___ zArIrika saMhanana aura saMsthAna vizva meM eka hI eva 'saMyamaH khalu jIvanam' kI zikSA apane jIvana thA, isaliye ve mala-mUtra-pasInA jaisI sarvasAdhAraNa bAdhAoM se pare the| unake jIvana kI zArIrika meM siddhAnta aura vyavahAra se de sake the| aura mAnasika kriyAoM meM jo samatA yA ekahAM to kapila muni ke sAMkhya zAstra kI dRSTi rUpatA thI, usI ke kAraNa rAjakumAra mahAvIra se mahAvIra ke vyaktitva kA mApana eka zabda meM krAntikArI zAnti priya mahAvIra bane / cUki zarIra 'satoguNI' hogaa| aura zarIra janita bhoga-upabhogoM ke prati unake mana meM tIvra virakti thI, indriya rUpI azvoM ko unhoMne Ayurveda ke pUrNa puruSa vaza meM kara liyA thA. isalie ve apane mana aura Ayurveda ke prAcAyoM se Adarza vyaktitva ke AtmA kI dRSTi se pUrNatayA prasannatA-nirAkulatAviSaya meM parAmarza leM to ve apane adhyayana aura nizcitatA lie the| anubhava ke AdhAra para kaheMge ki sama doSa samagnizca samadhAtu malakriyaH / hAM to Ayurveda kI dRSTi se mahAvIra vyaktitva prasannAtmendriya manA: mApana pUrNa puruSa yA alaukika puruSa ke anurUpa hogaa| prastuta sUtrasvarUpa paMkti kA suvizada para . saMkSipta spaSTIkaraNayoM kiyA jA sakegA ki parasonA se pare digambara ____ vyaktitva (Personality) parzaneliTI zabda ka. samadoSa-zarIra meM vAta (snAyu saMsthAna) kI vyatpatti yanAna kI bhASA (grIka) ke parasonA pitta (rakta saMsthAna) aura kapha (malasaMsthAna) kI Persona) zabda se mAnI jAtI hai / parasonA usa samAna avasthA ho / bAharI vezabhuSA ko kahate the, jise prAcIna yUnAna kha. samagni-pAcaka agni kI samAnatA / ke loga nATaka khelate samaya pahanate the| isa dRSTi 1-10 __ mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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se vyaktitva kevala bAharI grAvaraNa mAtra ThaharatA hai / vyaktitva kI yaha paribhASA suspaSTatayA apUrNa hai / kAraNa, vyaktitva kA sambandha bAhara-bhItara donoM ora se hai / nATaka meM pAtra ke liye vezabhUSA ke sAtha abhineyatA bhI prapekSita hai / duharA vyaktitva to kyA ? eka bhI pUrNa vyaktitva isa paribhASA ke antargata nahIM AtA hai vaise apUrNatayA donoM hI paraspara sambaddha haiM / hAM to bhagavAna mahAvIra parasonA se pare parama digambara the / ve eka aise krAntikArI rAjakumAra the jo jIvana paryanta rAjA nahIM bane para phira bhI rAjAoM ke rAjA bana ske| unhoMne kaliMga deza ke rAjA jitazatru kI kanyA yazodA se to vivAha nahIM kiyA para samyagdarzana, jJAna aura cAritra kI pUrva nidhiyAM liye usa mukti zrI kA varaNa avazya kiyA ki jisake bAda unheM kucha bhI pAnA zeSa nahIM rahA aura jisakI prApti meM sarvasva kI prApti jaisI jIvana-sAdhanA bhI nitAnta niruddezya thI / ve zarIra se AtmA aura ziva kI dizA meM bar3hane lage to unhoMne samagra rAjasI devI parasonA ko bhAra samajha kara tyAga diyA aura adhika kyA kaheM ? sira para keza taka nahIM rakhe / parasonA se pare, bAhya aura zrAbhyantara ke parigraha se rahita bhagavAna mahAvIra parama digambara hue aura lajjA strI jaise vAIsa parISahoM ko jItane meM samartha huye / unakA parasonA digambaratva thA / Atmavida sAmAjika saMskArI dArzanika dRSTikoNa se vyaktitva kI vyAkhyA kareM to vyaktitva zrAtmajJAna kA hI dUsarA nAma hai / yaha pUrNatayA pratIka hai / vicAra ke isa bindu se mahAvIra Atmavida the / unhoMne adRzya huI ananta darzana, jJAna, bala aura sukha mUlaka zaktiyoM kI apane mAnavIya jIvana meM upalabdhi kI thI / zrAtma bodha kI dizA meM agrasara hokara, sAdhanA kI saphalatA kA sUcaka kevalajJAna unhoMne pAyA / usake mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 AdhAra para hI unhoMne eka do nahIM balki tIsa barasoM taka grAtmavatsarvabhUteSu aura grAtmA so paramAtmA banane kA divya sandeza sAre saMsAra ko diyA / samAjazAstrIya dRSTikoNa se vyaktitva kA vizleSaNa karate hue kahA jA sakegA ki vyaktitvauna saba tatvoM kA saMgaThana hai, jinake dvArA vyakti ko samAja meM koI sthAna prApta hotA hai / isalie hama vyaktitva ko sAmAjika pravAha kaha sakate haiM / vicAra ke isa bindu se mahAvIra pUrNatayA sAmAjika haiN| jaba ve saMsAra meM kuNDagrAma ke susajjita rAjabhavana meM the taba ve rAjA siddhArtha aura rAnI trizalA kI prA~khoM ke tAre the| ve prajA ke liye vardhamAna anekAneka rAjA, apanI putrI kA pANigrahaNa the / unake nAnA ceTaka the to mausA zreNika the / saMskAra unake sAtha kara kRtakRtya ho jAnA cAhate the; aura jaba rAjamahala chor3akara parama jyoti bane, vana meM uccakoTi ke yogIzvara bane / bAraha varSIya vikaTa sAdhanA ke pazcAt -- unhoMne samavazazaraNa yA dharma sabhA meM jo divya dezanA dI, usameM jiyo aura jIne do kI bhAvanA mukharita huI / unakA samagra sandeza sAMsArika bhale kama ho para sAmAjika to hai hI, isameM aNumAtra ko bhI sandeha kI guMjAyaza nahIM hai / mahAvIra dvArA saMkalita virATa saMgha meM - jo muni prArthikA zrAvaka-zrAvikA kA samudAya thA, usakI sAmAjika cetanA paramparA kI sIr3hiyoM ko pAra karatI huI pratIta se prAja taka bar3ha rahI hai / bAhara-bhItara se mukharita manovaijJAnika dRSTikoNa se vyaktitva meM vaMzAnukrama aura vAtAvaraNa donoM kA samAna mahatva hai / rAjakumAra mArTana kI dRSTi se vyaktitva vyakti ke janma jAta tathA arjita svabhAva, mUlapravRttiyoM, bhAvanAoM tathA icchAoM Adi kA samudAya hai / vicAra ke ina binduoM ko dRSTi meM rakhate hue 1-11

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kahA jA sakegA ki vyaktitva ke nirmANa meM vaMzAnu- unake mAnasika saMgaThana meM vyaktitva kA vikAsa krama ke pariveza kI apekSA vAtAvaraNa kI sAmayika darzanIya thaa| raiksa raoNka kI dRSTi se samAja dvArA cetanA kA hI adhika yoga-dAna rhaa| mahAvIra kA sadguNoM kA samAveza mahAvIra ke vyatitva meM huaa| janma huA rAjasI sambhrAnta parivAra meM, kisI bhI prakAra kI kamI nahIM, rahI sahI kamI devatAoM ke Deziyala kI dRSTi se mahAvIra ke vyaktitva meM vastra-AbhUSaNa-bhojana ne pUrI kii| yoM mahAvIra ati vyavahAroM kA vaha samAyojita saMkalana hai jo unake sukha se pIr3ita the phalataH ve dharma ke nAma para yajJa avicalita anuyAyiyoM ko grAja bhI parilakSita ho kI hiMsA ko rokane bar3he; samAja meM tiraskRta rahA hai / janmajAta vRttiyoM aura bAhya pAcaraNoM hotI nArI ko sammAna dilAne cale, bhogamUlaka kA mahAvIra meM eka abhUtapUrva tAla mela hai| pravRtti ke sthAna para yogamayI nivRtti kI pratiSThA ke liye agrasara hue| vilAsI deza aura samAja ko tapa tyAga aura paropakAra kI dRSTi liye virAgI banAne ke liye mahAvIra ne kyA nahIM mahAvIra brAhmaNa haiM / satsAhasa aura sudhairya tathA kiyA ? IzvarabAdI samAja ko svayaM Izvara banAne / ra suvIratA kI mUtti hone se kSatriya haiN| prAtmanidhi ke liye mahAvIra ne eka apUrva cetanA yA dezanA dii| se samyagdarzana, jJAna aura cAritra ke koSa hone se dArzanika dvandvoM meM ulajhate huye bauddhika varga ko vaizya haiM / sevaka ko bhI sakhya banA dene kI kSamatA unhoMne anekAnta kI vaha dIpa-zikhA dI ki jisake liye, saMsAra ke uddhAra hetu bIr3A liye mahAvIra vimala prakAza meM zatru mitra bana sake va virodha abhUtapUrva zUdra bhI haiN| hipnokeTasa ke zabdoM meM svayaM nirodha huaa| mahAvIra jo jIvana-kAla meM mahAvIra raktavarNa (kanatsvarNabhAso-Sanguine) tIrthakara vane usakI pRSTha-bhUmi meM unake pichale va sadA prasanna vyakti haiN| vArnara kI dRSTi se unheM vartamAna jIvana ke saMskAra aura svabhAva mukharita 'catura' kI zreNI meM rakhA jA sakatA hai / krocamara vRddhiMgata hue, yaha to nissaMkoca svIkAranA ke vicAra se ve aisathenika (A thenic) siddhAnta hogaa| priya vyakti haiM, siddhAnta ko jIvana meM utArane ke pakSapAtI haiN| thArnadrAika ke mata se mahAbIra ke vyaktitva kI vividhA sUkSma vicAraka aura sthUla vicAraka (kriyAzIlatA) manovizleSaNAtmaka dRSTi liye phrAyaDa ke para bala dene vAlA kahA jA skegaa| Taramaina kI matAnusAra idam (Id) ahaM (Ego) se para naitika dRSTi se mahAvIra pratibhAzAlI vyaktitva liye haiM mana (Super Ego) bhI mahAvIra ko kahA jA to jemsa kI dRSTi se mahAvIra kA vyaktitva narma skegaa| kAraNa, mahAvIra ne naitikatA liye idaM prakRtivAlA hai| keTala kI dRSTi se vega hIna (zaramIle antarmukhI) haiM aura yuga kI dRSTi se bhI aura ahaM kI apane jIvana-kAla meM kAphI pAlo mahAvIra antarmukhI vyaktitva liye haiM taba hI to canA kI thii| tIrthakara kI prazaMsA meM citraMkimatra yadi tetridazaoNga nAbhiH jaisI paMktiyAM paThanArtha milatI hai| yuga kI dRSTi se mahAvIra sAmUhika ajJAta mana liye the| unhoMne pUrvajoM kI vizeSatAoM ko, sTIphensana ke vicAra se mahAvIra prasAraka jAtIya guNa bhAva-pratimAoM ko atyanta prAMjala antazukhI haiM aura spraMgara kI dRSTi se mahAvIra pariSkRta svarUpa diyA thaa| vArena kI dRSTi se jJAnAtmaka vyaktitva liye the / buhalara ke vargIkaraNa 1-12 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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ko dRSTi meM rakhate huye mahAvIra ko samAja udAsIna meM-pratimAoM aura citroM meM avalokanArtha milatI kahA jA skegaa| bhAvanAoM ke AdhAra para hai| vyaktitva kA vargIkaraNa kiyA jAve to mahAvIra ko prAzAvAdI sarvadA pramudita praphulla vyakti kahA sUrya satya to yaha hai ki jaise mahAvIra ke guNoM jA skegaa| mahAvIra ke vyaktitva meM prAtmacetanA, kA varNana karanA jihvA dvArA sahaja sarala nahIM hai sAmAjikatA tAtkAlika vAtAvaraNa, dhyeya para dRSTi vaise hI unake divya bhavya vyaktitva kA mApana apUrva anekatA meM ekatA kI bhAvanA vikendrita huI lekhanI-prasUta zabdoM dvArA kara sakanA sambhava nahIM hai| mahAvIra zArIrika mAnasika-yAtmika tInoM hai| lagatA hai ki apanI isa asaphalatA meM hI prakAra ke vyaktiyoM ke kubera the| mahAvIra kI mahAvIra vyaktitva mApana kI saphalatA antarnihita nirvasana saumya chavi, Aja bhI unakI pratikRtiyoM hai| OOD POST jyotirmaya ! tumhArI pratIkSA hai * rUpavatI 'kiraNa' ___ jyotimaya ! tumhArI pratIkSA hai| ajJAna kI pro divyadarpaNa ! tanika apanI jhAMkI to ghanI aMdhiyArI meM apanA lokottara divya pAloka dikhA do, maiM apanA rUpa saMvAra luu| yaha nikhila phailA do na / o mahAmAnava ! tuma eka bAra punaH jaga apanI chavi nihAra le| kadAcit apanA vahI 'jiyo aura jIne do' kA parama pAvana sandeza pratibimba dekha use apanI sudhi ho Aye / vaha sunA do| jisase digdagaMta aga-jaga gUMja uThe aura bhaTakanA chor3a apanI rAha lauTa par3e / yathArthataH mAnava se lekara sUkSmatama prANiyoM meM bhI sukha zAMti prakAza meM khulI A~khoM satya para prahAra asambhava kI lahara dhAvita ho navasaMdana de de| mAnavatA hai| ajJAnatama meM mAnava uddAma lAlasAnoM kI jaya jayakAra karegI aura maiM candra ke thAla meM nakSatroM madhura preyoM pralobhanoM kA AvaraNa DAla mohaka ke motiyoM kI jhAlara lagA sUrya kI prakhara jyoti AkarSaNa hRdaya meM basAye aAMkheM mUda nirantara se tumhArI AratI utaaruuNgii| aviveka ke hathaur3e se satya para prahAra kiye jA rahA mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 1-13 |

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hai / vaha duHkha aura vedanA se thakakara cUra cUra ho kara vistRta bhUbhAga meM vimukti kA patha saMvArate huye rahA hai / para na aAMkheM khulatI haiM, na adhaMkAra haTatA sudRr3ha caraNoM se samatA ke dharAtala para zAMti pUrvaka .. hai / dina pratidina vAsanAmoM kA unmAda bar3hatA hI utara AyeM / jA rahA hai / tana ke zRgAra meM mana kA zRgAra hI he mAnavatA ke saMrakSaka ! tumhArI mAnavatA chUTa gyaa| bhayabhIta hai| ahiMsA, satya kI yahAM khillI ur3a - Aja mAnava ke kArUNya ko cunautI dI hai rahI hai| aparigrahavAda kA upahAsa kiyA jA rahA bhayaMkara sarvagrAsI bhayaMkara hiMsaka vRtti ne / mahA- hai| mAnava meM aizvarya kA unmAda jo jAgA hai / nAza ke pralayaMkara bAdala vizva ke prAMgaNa meM sadaiva lajjA nirlajjatA kI mAra khAkara ardhanagna sI maMDarAte rahate haiN| unakI aAMzika varSA hI manuSya bikSipta par3I hai| mere prabhu ! kyA use sahArA ko saMtrasta kiye haiM / vijJAna ke saMhAraka pragatizIla de na uThAyoge? caraNoM se dharAsaMtapta aura prakaMpita hai| kSamAmayI kI sahiSNutA amaryAdita ho usame kinArA kara ___ karuNAmaya ! mAnava kI ajJAnatA carama sImA rahI hai| usakI asahanazIlatA ke paricAyaka Aja pAra kara gaI hai / vaha zAMti pAne ke misa raNacaNDI ke vikarAla bhUkaMpa, haharAtA huyA tUphAna, vinAza- kA AhvAna karatA hai / pArasparika sauhArda hetu lIlA karatI huI jar3a jaMgama ko lIlatI bAr3ha haiN| yuddha sajjA kA pradarzana evaM samAnatA lAne ke liye kyA kare becArI ? usakI ghabarAhaTa prANiyoM kI vaibhava kA saMcayana karatA hai| vaha mRtako ke liye mauta bana gaI hai| prAyo prabhu! dharitrI ko samatA to saMjIvanI kI khoja to kara rahA hai, parantu jIvita baMdhA jaayo| mAnavatA apalaka tumhArA patha joha rahI hai| prANiyoM ke vidhvaMsa meM pratikSaNa saMlagna hai / sudhAkara ! mAnava mAnava ke prANoM kA grAhaka deva ! tuma jiyo aura jIne do kA zAzvata bana baiThA hai| vaha unmatta ho aise asvAbhAvika sumadhura jIvana-saMgIta sunAkara kyA eka bAra punaH kAryoM meM pravRtta hai, jo usake bhAla para amiTa samAM na bAMdha doge ? tumhArI hI svara-laharI kalaMka kI bhAMti laga cuke haiM / kahAM pAU~ vaha samaSTi ke trANa-haraNa me samartha / tumhAre smaraNa viveka kA sadvAri ? kauna sA hai vaha athAha mAtra ___ mAtra se merI hRttaMtrI ke tAra tAra jhanajhanA uThate sAgara ? jahAM prAyazcita ke nirmalajala se yaha kalaMka ha / vihvala hA asphuTa svarA ma adhara tumhArA dhokara bhaad| mAnava kA bhAla panaH divya dIpti jaya jayakAra kA udghoSa karane lagate haiN| rakta kI se damaka utthe| eka bUda pratipala sau sau cakkara khAtI huI adbhuta lAsparata ho jAtI hai / lagatA hai kaba pUjIpati zosakoM ke nigar3a meM akhila vizva tumhAre pratyakSa darzana karU / padhAro deva ! maiM caMdra ke zoSita mAnava karAha rahe haiN| prabhu ! unheM ke thAla meM nakSatroM ke motiyoM kI jhAlara lagA sUrya tumhAre AzvAsana, udbodhana kI nitAMta Avazya- kI prakhara jyoti se tumhArI prAratI utaaruugii| katA hai / tAki ve ahiMsAtmaka krAMti kA jayaghoSa jyotirmaya ! tumhArI pratIkSA hai / 1-14 mahAbIra jayantI smArikA 78

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bhArata ke dArzanikoM ne isa sRSTi kA kartA dhartA tathA puruSoM ke bhAgya kA vidhAtA Izvara hai yA nahIM Adi praznoM para paryApta UhApoha kiyA hai aura kucha ne usakA astitva svIkArA aura kucha ne nakArA hai / cArvAka, sAMkhya, mImAMsaka, yauddha aura jaina aise kisI Izvara kI sattA mAnane se inkAra karate haiM / . vidvAna lekhaka IzvaravAdI aura zranIzvaravAdo donoM prakAra ke darzanoM dvArA apane-apane pakSa meM diye gaye tarkoM kI samIkSA kara isa niSkarSa para pahuMce haiM ki zarIra indriya aura jagata ke kAraNa rUpa meM 'Izvara' nAmaka kisI anya sattA kI kalpanA vyartha hai / isa sambandha meM unhoMne jaina dRSTikoNa kA samarthana kiyA hai / lekha parizramapUrvaka likhA huaa| tatsambandhI jAnakArI se bharapUra hai / - polyAkA Izvara : parikalpita nirarthakatA; AtmA kA parabramhatva svarUpa : saMtrasta evaM nirAza mAnava hetu jIvana - vikAsa kI AnandamayI evaM vaijJAnika dRSTi isa vizAla pRthvI para jaba koI laghu mAnava dRSTi vidhAna, jIvoM kI utpatti tathA unake bhAgya nirmAtA grAdi viSayoM para vicAra karane ke lie udyata hotA hai tathA sRSTi ke vividha jIvoM sukha-dukha kI viSamatAeM pAtA hai to jagata ke mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 * DA0 mahAvIrasarana jaina, DI. phila. DI. liT. vi. vi. nivAsa gRha pacapeTI jabalapura nirmAtA pAlaka evaM saMhAraka kisI zradRzya evaM parama zakti ke rUpa meM Izvara kI kalpanA karake, usI ko jIvoM kI utpatti evaM unake bhAgya vidhAna kA bhI kAraNa mAnakara santoSa kara letA hai / isI bhAvanA se abhibhUta ho vaha isa prakAra kI vicAra 1-15

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dhArA abhivyakta karatA hai ki jIvoM kA bhAgya parapIDAzIla hai ki vaha aise karma karAtA hai Izvara ke hI adhIna hai, vahI vizva niyaMtA hai, jisase adhikAMza jIvoM ko dukha prApta hotA hai / vahI unheM utpanna karatA hai, saMrakSaNa detA hai tathA nizcaya hI koI bhI vyakti Izvara kI parapIDA unake bhAgya kA nirdhAraNa karatA hai| zIla svarUpa kI kalpanA nahIM karanA caahegaa| ___ isa sthiti meM jIva meM karmoM ko karane kI ina viSayoM para gaharAI se vicAra karane para svAtantrya zakti mAnanI par3atI hai / aneka prazna utpanna hote haiM / yaha jijJAsA zeSa raha jAtI hai ki karmoM ko kyA Izvara hI manuSya ke bhAgya kA nirmAtA sampAdita karane kI zakti yA puruSArtha kI svIkRti hai ? kyA vahI usakA bhAgya vidhAtA hai ? yadi koI mAnane ke anantara kyA paramAtmA karmoM ke phala kA manuSya satkarma na kare to bhI kyA vaha usako anu- vibhAjana eka nyAyAdhIza ke rUpa meM karatA hai graha se acchA phala de sakatA hai ? manuSya ke jitane athavA karmAnusAra phala prApti hotI hai| dUsare karma haiM ve sabake saba kyA pUrva nirdhArita haiM ? usake zabdoM meM phaloda bhoga meM paramAtmA kA avalambana isa jIvana ke karmoM kA usakI bhAvI niyati se agIkAra karanA Avazyaka hai athavA nahIM ? kyA kisI prakAra koI sambandha nahIM hai ? tAkika dRSTi se yadi vicAra kareM to Izvara manuSya IzvarAdhIna hokara hI kyA saba karma ko niyAmaka evaM pApa puNya kA phala dene vAlA karatA hai yA usakI apanI svatantra katRtva zakti mAnane kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| kAraNa kArya bhI hai jisake kAraNa vaha apanI nijI cetanA zakti ke siddhAnta ke AdhAra para vizva kI samasta ghaTake kAraNa karmoM ke pravAha ko badala sakatA nAmoM kI tAkika vyAkhyA karanA sambhava hai / yadi aisA na hotA to prakRti ke niyamoM kI koI bhI vaijJAnika zodha sambhava na ho paatii| yadi Izvara hI bhAgya nirmAtA hotA taba to vaha manuSya ko binA karma ke hI svecchA se phala yaha tarka diyA jA sakatA hai ki Izvara ne hI pradAna kara detaa| yaha mAnane para manuSya ke puru- prakRti ke niyamoM kI avadhAraNA kI hai| inhIM SArtha, dharma, AcaraNa, tyAga evaM tapasyA mUlaka ke kAraNa jIva sAMsArika kArya prapaMca karatA jIvana . vyavahAra kI sArthakatA hI samApta ho hai| jaavegii| __ isakA uttara yaha hai ki yadi Izvara ke dvArA yadi jIva IzvarAdhIna hI hokara karma karatA hI prakRti ke niyamoM kI avadhAraNA huI hotI to hotA to isa saMsAra meM dukha evaM pIr3A kA prabhAva usameM jAgatika kArya prapaMcoM meM parivartana karane kI hotaa| hama dekhate haiM ki isa saMsAra meM manuSya bhI zakti hotii| hama dekha cuke haiM ki yaha satya aneka kaSToM ko bhogatA hai| yadi Izvara yA para- nahIM hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki yadi aisA hotA mAtmA ko hI nirmAtA, niyaMtA evaM bhAgya vidhAtA to paramakaruNa Izvara ke dvArA nirdhArita saMsAra ke mAnA jAve to isake artha hote haiM ki Izvara itanA jIvoM ke jIvana meM kiMcita bhI dukha, azAnti evaM 1-16 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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kleza nahIM hotA / yadi hama Izvara kI kalpanA prazAnta, paripUrNa rAga dva eSa rahita, moha vihIna vItarAgI prAnanda paripUrNa rUpa meM karate haiMto bhI use phala meM hastakSepa karane vAlA nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / usa sthiti meM vaha rAga dveSa tathA moha Adi durbalatA se parAbhUta ho jAvegA / yadi jIva svecchAnusAra evaM sAmarthyAnukUla karma karane meM svatantra hai, usameM paramAtmA ke sahayoga kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hai tathA vaha apane hI karmoM kA pariNAma bhogatA hai, phala pradAtA bhI dUsarA koI nahIM hai to kyA usakI utpatti evaM vinAza ke hetu rUpa meM kisI parama zakti kI kalpanA karanA Avazyaka hai? isI prakAra kyA sRSTi vidhAna ke lie bhI kisI parama zakti kI kalpanA Avazyaka hai ? yadi nahIM to phira paramAtmA yA Izvara kI parikalpanA kI kyA sArthakatA hai / kartAvAdI sampradAya padArtha kA tathA usake pariNamana kA kartA (utpatti-kartA, pAlanakartA tathA vinAzakartA ) Izvara ko mAnate haiM / isa vicAradhArA ke dArzanikoM ne Izvara kI parikalpanA sampUrNa brahmANDa kI parama zakti ke rUpa meM kI hai jo vizva kA kartA tathA niyAmaka hai tathA samasta prANiyoM ke bhAgya kA vidhAtA hai / isake viparIta cArvAka, nirIzvara sAMkhya, mImAMsaka, bauddha evaM jaina ityAdi dArzanika paramAtmA ke astitva meM vizvAsa nahIM karate haiM / vaizeSika darzana bhI mUlataH IzvaravAdI nahIM hai / bhAratIya darzanoM meM nAstika darzana to Izvara kI sattA meM vizvAsa nahIM karate; zeSa SaDdarzanoM meM mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 prAcInatama darzana sAMkhya hai / isakA paravartI dArzanikoM para prabhAva par3A hai / isa dRSTi se sAMkhya darzana ke IzvaravAda kI mImAMsA Avazyaka hai / sAMkhya darzana meM do prameya mAne gaye haiM - ( 1 ) puruSa, (2) prakRti 1 puruSa cetana hai, sAkSI hai, kevala hai, madhyastha hai, draSTA hai aura akartA hai| prakRti jar3a hai, kriyAzIla hai aura mahat se lekara dharaNi paryanta sampUrNa tatvoM kI janmadAtrI hai, triguNAtmikA hai, sRSTi kI utpAdikA hai, zraja evaM anAdi hai tathA zAzvata evaM avinAzI hai | 2 Izvara kRSNa kI sAMkhyakArikAproM meM Izvara, paramAtmA, bhagavAna yA paramezvara kI koI kalpanA nahIM kI gayI hai | kapila dvArA praNIta sAMkhya sUtroM meM, IzvarAsiddha: ( Izvara kI prasiddhi hone se ) sUtra upasthApita karake Izvara ke viSaya meM aneka tarkoM ko prastuta kiyA gayA hai| yahAM pramukha tarkoM kI mImAMsA kI jAvegI : (1) kusuma vaccamariNaH - sUtra ke AdhAra para sthApanA kI gayI hai ki jisa prakAra zuddha sphaTikamariNa meM lAla phUla kA prati vimba par3atA hai usI prakAra prasaMga, nirvikAra, akartA ke samparka meM prakRti ke sAtha-sAtha puruSa rahane se usameM usa prakartA puruSa kA pratibimba par3atA hai / isase jIvAtmAoM ke pradRSTa karma saMskAra kalonmukhI ho jAte haiM tathA sRSTi pravRtta hotI hai / yaha sthApanA ThIka nahIM hai| isake anusAra cetana jIvAtmAnoM ko pahale prakRti meM lIna rahane kI kalpanA karanI par3egI tathA unheM prakRti se utpanna mAnane para jar3a ko cetana kA kAraNa mAnanA 1-17

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pdd'egaa| isake atirikta yadi praSTa karma saMskAra kartA nahIM hai| prakRti hI darpaNavat usake pratiphala pradAna karate haiM to phira paramAtmA ke sahakAra bimba ko prApta karake sRSTi vidhAna meM pravRtta hotI kI kyA AvazyakatA hai ? (2) akAryapi tadyogaH pAravazyAt-4 ___ sRSTi-vidhAna meM prakRti kI pravRtti tarka saMgata sUtra ke aAdhAra para sthApanA kI gaI hai ki hai kintu puruSAdhyAsa kI siddhi ke lie puruSa pratiprakRti kAraNa rUpa hai, kArya nahIM hai / ananta, vibhu bimba kI kalpanA vyartha pratIta hotI hai / alipta jIvAtmA puraSoM ke adRSTa karma saMskAra sahita sarva kartA kI zakti se mAyA rUpa prakRti kA zaktimAna saMsAra prakRti meM lIna rahatA hai| cUki prakRti vanakara jagata kI sRSTi karanA saMgata nahIM hai / yuddha jar3a hai ataeva sRSTi ke lie usameM puruSa ke yoga meM rAjA senA sahita svayaM lar3atA hai athavA yuddha kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| evaM vijaya ke lie samasta udyama karatA hai / isa sthiti meM rAjA ko akartA nahIM kahA jA sktaa| yaha tarka bhI saMgata nahIM hai / hAiDrojana ke do cetana, sUkSma, nirvikalpa, nirvikAra, nirAkAra kA evaM AksIjana ke eka paramANu ke saMyoga se jala acetana, sthala, pAzA-vikalpoM se vyApta, savikAra bana jAtA hai| isameM paramAtma sahakAra kI ani evaM sAkAra prakRti jaisI pUrNa viparIta prakRti kA vAryatA dRSTigata nahIM hotii| saMyoga sambhava nahIM hai| jIvAtmA kA prakRti se yadi sarva cetana puruSoM kA sarvAtIta puruSottama sambandha bandhana ke kAraNa hai kintu kyA paramAtmA meM lIna hokara sRSTi ke samaya utpanna honA mAnA jaisI parikalpanA ko bhI bandhanamasta mAnA jA jAve to bIjAkura nyAya se sarvAtIta puruSotama sakatA hai jisase usakA prazAnta evaM jar3a svabhAvI sahita samasta jIvAtmAoM kI utpatti nAza kI prakRti se sambandha siddha kiyA jA sake / doSApatti karatI hai| niSkAma paramAtmA meM sRSTi kI icchA kyoM ? (3) eka sthApanA yaha hai ki paramAtmA sarva- pUrNa se apUrNa kI utpatti kaisI? aAnanda svarUpa vit evaM sarvakartA hai aura vaha prakRti se ayaskA- meM nirAnanda kI sRSTi kaisI ? jisakI sabhI ntavat (cumbaka sadRzya) sRSTi karatA hai / vaha preraka icchAyeM pUrNa haiM, jo prApta kAma hai usameM sRSTi mAtra hai| racanA kI icchA kaisI ? yadi isa sthApanA ko mAnA jAve to paramA- isa prakAra IzvaropapAdita sa STi kI anupatmA ko prasaMga, niguNa, nilipta, nirIha kaise pannatA siddha hotI hai| mAnA jA sakatA hai ? kartAvAdI dArzanikoM ne vizva sraSTA kI pari(4) jisa prakAra senA kI jaya evaM parAjaya kalpanA isa sAdRzya para kI hai ki jisa prakAra kA Aropa rAjA para kiyA jAtA hai usI prakAra kumhAra ghar3A banAtA hai usI prakAra Izvara saMsAra prakRti ke kriyAkalApoM kA mithyA Aropa para. kA nirmANa karatA hai| binA banAne vAle ke ghar3A mAtmA para kiyA jAtA hai| tatvataH paramAtmA nahIM bana sktaa| sampUrNa vizva kA bhI isI 1-18 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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prakAra kisI ne nirmANa kiyA hai / prazna upasthita hote haiM ki sRSTi kI sattA satya hai yA mithyA hai, nitya hai yA anitya hai ? jar3a hai yA yaha sAdRzya ThIka nahIM hai| yadi hama isa tarka cetana hai ? yadi paramAtmA se sRSTi vidhAna mAnA ke prAdhAra para calate haiM, ki pratyeka vastu, padArtha jAtA hai to yA to paramAtmA kI cetana rUpa kI yA dravya kA koI na koI nirmAtA honA jarUrI hai parikalpanA ke anusAra pRthvI Adi ko bhI cetana to phira prazna upasthita hotA hai ki isa jagata ke mAnanA par3egA athavA pRthvI Adi ke anurUpa paranirmAtA paramAtmA kA bhI koI nirmAtA hogA mAtmA ko jar3a mAnanA par3egA / satya svarUpa brahma gaura isa prakAra yaha caka calatA jaavegaa| antataH se jagata kI utpatti mAnane para brahma kA kArya isakA utara nahIM diyA jA sktaa| asatya kaise ho sakatA hai ? yadi jagata kI sattA satya hai to usakA abhAva kaisA ? jagata ko svapna kumhAra bhI ghar3e ko svayaM nahIM banAtA / vaha evaM mAyA racita gandharva nagara ke samAna pUrNatayA miTTI Adi padArthoM ko sammilita kara unheM eka mithyA evaM asatya mAnanA kyA saMgata hai ? vizeSa rUpa pradAna kara detA hai| . kyA jagata ko mAyA ke vivarta rUpa meM svIkAra yadi brahma se sRSTi vidhAna isa prAdhAra para kara rajju meM sarpa athavA zakti meM rajata kI bhAMti mAnA jAtA hai ki brahma apane meM se jagata ko kalpita mAnA jA sakatA hai ? kalpanA guNa hai / prAkAra banakara Apa hI krIr3A karatA hai taba pRthvI guNa tathA dravya kI pRthakatA nahIM ho sktii| Adi jar3a ke anurUpa brahma ko bhI jar3a mAnanA svapna binA dekhe yA sune nahIM AtA / satya padArthoM par3egA athavA brahma ko cetana mAnane para pRthvI Adi ke sAkSAt sambandha se vAsanArUpa jJAna prAtmA meM ko cetana mAnanA pdd'egaa| sthita hotA hai| yadi brahmA ne saSTi vidhAna kiyA hai to svapna meM unhIM kA pratyakSaraNa hotA hai| svapna isakA artha yaha hai ki sRSTi vidhAna ke pUrva kevala aura suSupti meM bAhya padArthoM kA prajJAna mAtra hotA brahmA kA astitva mAnanA pdd'egaa| isI AdhAra hai abhAva nhiiN| para zUnyavAdI kahate haiM ki sRSTi ke pUrva zUnya ____ isa kAraNa jagata ko anitya bhI nahIM mAnA thA, anta meM zUnya hogA, vartamAna padArtha kA jA sakatA / jaba kalpanA kA kartA nitya hai to abhAva hokara zUnya ho jAvegA tathA zAMka ravedAMtI usakI kalpanA bhI nitya honI cAhie anyathA vaha brahma ko vizva ke janma, sthiti aura saMhAra kA bhI anitya huaa| kAraNa mAnate hue bhI' jagata ko svapna evaM mAyA racita nagara ke samAna pUrNatayA mithyA evaM asatya jaise suSupti meM bAhya padArthoM ke jJAna ke mAnate haiM / kyA sRSTi vidhAna kA kAraNa paramA- abhAva meM bhI bAhya padArtha vidyamAna rahate haiM vaise smA hI hai ? kyA sRSTi kI prAdi meM jagata na thA, hI pralaya meM hI jagata ke bAhya rUpa ke jJAna ke kevala brahma thA tathA isakA astitva kyA zUnya ho abhAva meM bhI dravya vartamAna rahate haiN| koyalA ko jAvegA ? Adi ke sambandha meM vicAra karate samaya jitanA cAheM jalAveM, vaha rAkha bana jAtA hai, usa mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 1-19

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kA bAhya rUpa naSTa ho jAtA hai kintu 'koyalA' kAra kara jIvoM ko paramAtmA ke aza rUpa meM svImeM jo dravya tatva hai vaha sarvathA naSTa kabhI nahIM ho kAra kiyA jA sakatA hai ? sktaa| prAtmavAdI dArzanika AtmA ko avinAzI vizva jina jIvoM (cetanAoM) evaM pUdagala mAnate haiM / zrI mad bhagavat gItA meM bhI isI piTA kA mamaccaya ke tatvata: avinAzI prakAra kI vicAraNA kA pratipAdana huA hai| yaha prAMtarika haiM / isa kAraNa jagata ko mithyA svapna va jIvAtmA na kabhI utpanna hotA hai, na kabhI maratA vat evaM zUnya nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| kisI bhI hai, na kabhI utpanna hokara prabhAva ko prApta hotA navIna padArtha kI utpatti nahIM hotii| kisI bhI hai, apitu yaha ajanmA hai, nitya hai, zAzvata hai, purAtana hai aura zarIra kA nAza hone para bhI naSTa prayoga se naye jIva athavA nae paramANu kI utpti| nahIM hotA / isa jIvAtmA ko avinAzI nitya nahIM ho sakatI / padArtha meM apanI avasthAnoM kA aja aura avyaya arthAt vicAra rahita samajhanA rUpAntara hotA hai / isa prakAra isa brahmANDa ke cAhie / jaise manuSya jIrNa vastroM kA tyAga karake pratyeka mUla tatva kI apanI mUla prakRti hai| kArya navIna vastroM ko dhAraNa kara letA hai, vaise hI yaha kAraNa ke niyama ke AdhAra para pratyeka mUla tatva jIvAtmA purAne zarIroM ko chor3akara navIna zarIroM apane guNAnusAra bAhya sthitiyoM meM pratikriyAe ko grahaNa karatA rahatA hai| ise na to zastra kATa karatA hai| isa kAraNa jagata mithyA nahIM hai| sakate haiM, na agni jalA sakatI hai, na jala bhigo saMsAra ke padArtha avinAzI haiM isa kAraNa vizva ko sakatA hai aura na vAyu sukhA sakatI hai / yaha acchesvapnavat nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| brahmANDa ke dya, adAhya evaM azoSya hone ke kAraNa nitya, upAdAna yA tatva anAdi, Antarika evaM avinAzI sarvagata, sthira, acala evaM sanAtana hai| isa dRSTi hone ke kAraNa animita haiM / zUnya se kisI vastu se kisI ko prAtmA kA kartA svIkAra nahIM kara kA nirmANa nahIM hotA / zUnya sa jagata mAnana para sakate / yadi prAtmA avinAzI hai to usake nirmANa jagata kA astitva sthApita nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| yA utpatti kI kalpanA nahIM kI jA sktii| isakA jo vastu hai usakA prabhAva kabhI nahIM hotA / isa kAraNa yaha hai ki yaha sambhava nahIM ki koI vastu prakAra jagata satya hai tathA usakA zUnya se sadbhAva nirmita ho kintu usakA vinAza na ho| isa sambhava nahIM hai| isa prakAra Izvara ko anAdi kAraNa jIva hI kartA tathA bhotA hai ka.manisAra ananta mAnanA tarka saMgata hai| aneka rUpa dhAraNa karatA rahatA hai / 10 / vijJAna kA bhI yaha siddhAMta hai ki padArtha jaina darzana kI bhAMti cArvAka, nirIzvara sAMkhya, avinAzI hai / vaha aise tatvoM kA samAhAra hai mImAMsaka evaM bauddha ityAdi bhI Izvara ke astitva jinakA eka nizcita sImA ke Age vizleSaNa meM vizvAsa nahIM karate / nyAya eva vaizeSika darzana nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| mUlata : IzvaravAdI pratIta nahIM hote| vaizeSika sUtroM meM Izvara kA kahIM ullekha nahIM hai / nyAya praba prazna zeSa raha jAtA hai ki kyA paramAtmA sUtroM meM kathaMcita hai / ina darzanoM meM paramANu ko hI yA Izvara ko samasta jIvoM ke azI rUpa se svI. sabase sUkSma aura nitya prAkRtika mUla tatva mAnA 1-20 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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gayA hai 111 sRSTi kI utpatti 'paramANuvAda svarUpa meM avasthAna ko hI parama lakSya, yoga yAM siddhAMta' ke AdhAra para mAnI gayI hai| do paramA- kaivalya mAnA hai / NutroM ke yoga se vyaNuka, tIna vyaNukoM ke yoga se tyaNuka, cAra tyA koM se caturaNuka aura catura- jaina darzana bhI puruSa vizeSaH IzvaraH meM vizvAsa NukoM ke yoga se anya sthUla padArthoM kI sRSTi mAnI nahIM karatA / pratyeka jIvAtmA meM paramAtmA banane gayI hai / 2 jIvAtmA ko agu, cetana, vibhu tathA kI zakti kA udghoSa karatA hai / dravya kI dRSTi se nitya Adi kahA gayA hai / 13 isa prakAra vaizeSika AtmA aura paramAtmA meM koI antara nahIM hai| darzana meM paramANu ko mUla tatva mAnane ke kAraNa donoM kA antara avasthAgata arthAt paryAyagata hai| Izvara yA paramAtma zakti ko svIkAra nahIM kiyA jIvAtmA zarIra evaM karmoM kI upAdhi se yukta ho gyaa| kara 'saMsArI' ho jAtA hai / 'mukta' jIva trikAla zuddha nitya niraMjana 'paramAtmA' hai| 'jisa prakAra nyAya meM sUtrakAla meM IzvaravAda atyanta kSINa yaha prAtmA rAga dveSa dvArA karmoM kA upArjana karatI prAyaH thA / bhASyakAroM ne hI Izvara vAda kI sthA hai aura samaya para una karmoM kA vipAka phala bhogatI panA para vizeSa bala diyA / AtmA ko hI do hai, usI prakAra yaha AtmA sarvakarmoM kA nAza kara bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kara diyA gayA-jIvAtmA evaM siddha loka meM siddha pada ko prApta karatI hai|15 paramAtmA / 'jJAnAdhikaraNamAtmA / sa dvividhaH jIvAtmA 'prAtmA deva devAlaya meM nahIM hai, pASANa kI paramAtmA ceti / tatra zvaraH sarvajJaH paramAtmA eka pratimA meM bhI nahIM hai, lepa tathA mUrti meM bhI nahIM eva sukha du.khAdi rahitaH jIvAtmA prati zarIraM hai| vaha deva akSaya avinAzI hai, karma phala se bhinno vibhunityazca / / ' rahita hai, jJAna se pUrNa hai, samabhAva meM sthita hai|'16 isa dRSTi se prAtmA hI kendra bindu hai jisa para Age cala kara paramAtmA kA bhavya prAsAda 'jaisA karmarahita, kevalajJAnAdi se yukta prakaTa nirmita kiyA gyaa| kArya samayasAra siddha paramAtmA parama prArAdhya deva prAtmA ko hI brahma rUpa meM svIkAra karane kI mukti meM rahatA hai vaisA hI saba lakSaNoM se yukta vicAradhArA vaidika evaM upaniSad yuga meM bhI thii| zakti rUpa kAraNa paramAtmA isa deha meM rahatA hai." 'prajJAne brahma', 'ahaM brahmAsmi', 'tatvamasi', 'praya- tU siddha bhagavAn aura apane meM bheda mata kara 117 mAtmA brahma' jaise sUtra vAkya isake pramANa haiN| 'he puruSa ! tU apane Apa kA nigraha kara, svayaM brahma prakRSTa jJAna svarUpa hai / yahI lakSaNa AtmA / ke nigraha se hI tU samasta duHkhoM se mukta ho jaayegaa|'18 kA hai / 'maiM brahma hUM', 'tU brahma hI hai', 'merI prAtmA hI brahma hai' Adi vAkyoM meM mAtmA evaM brahma .. _ 'he jIva ! deha kA jarA-maraNa dekhakara bhaya paryAya rUpa meM prayukta haiN| mata kara / jo ajara amara parama brahma hai use hI pataMjali ne Izvara para bala na dete hue mAtma apanA mAna 119 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 1-21

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jaina darzana ke anusAra pratyeka jIva kA lakSya jAtA hai / '22 para brahmatva arthAt zuddha prAtmasvarUpa ko prApta karanA hai, ___'usa paramAtmA ko jaba kevala jJAna utpanna hotA hai, yoga nirodha ke dvArA samasta karma naSTa 'jo paramAtmA hai vahI maiM hU~ aura jo maiM hU~ ho jAte haiM, jaba vaha loka zikhara para siddhAlaya vahI paramAtmA hai / isa prakAra maiM hI svayaM apanA meM jA basatA hai taba usameM hI vaha kAraNa paramAtmA upAsya hN| anya koI merA upAsya nahIM hai / 20 vyakta ho jAtA hai / 23 'jo vyavahAra dRSTi se deha rUpI devAlaya meM nivAsa karatA hai aura paramArthataH deha se bhinna hai jaina darzana kI sRSTi vyavasthA ke sambandha meM vaha merA upAsyadeva anAdi ananta hai| vaha kevala Izvara kI katRtva zakti kA niSedha tathA sarva vyAjJAna svabhAvI hai / niHsaMdeha vahI pracalita svarUpa paka eka paramAtmA ke sthAna para pratyeka jIvana kA kAraNa paramAtmA hai / mukta ho jAne para kArya-paramAtmA bana jAne saMbaMdhI vicAradhArA kA prabhAva paravartI dArzanika sampradAyoM 'kAraNa paramAtmA svarUpa isa parama tatva kI para par3A hai / vastuta: svabhAva evaM karma ina do upAsanA karane se yaha karmopAdhi yukta jIvAtmA zaktiyoM ke atirikta zarIra, indriya evaM jagata ke hI paramAtmA ho jAtA hai jisa prakAra bAMsa kA vRkSa kAraNa rUpa meM 'Izvara' nAmaka kisI anya sattA apane ko apane se ragar3akara svayaM agni rUpa ho kI kalpanA vyartha hai / '24 1. 2 7. sAMkhya tatva kaumudI, kArikA 18, 191 2. vahI-kArikA 11, 12, 14 / sAMkhya sUtra 351 prakAza 2 1 4 . sAMkhya sUtra 55 / prakAza 3 / sAMkhya sUtra 56-57 / prakAza 31 6. de. sAMkhya sUtra 58 / prakAza 3 / taittirIyopaniSada 3 1 ]; 3 1 6 aura brahmasUtra 11112 para zAMkara bhASya' / / brahma sUtra 211114; 212129; viveka cUDAmaNi 140; 142; vedAMta sAra, pR. 8 / gItA 2120-24 evaM 2151 para zAMkara bhASya / (ka) brahmasUtra 213133-39 / (kha) zvetAzvataropaniSad 416 / (ga) IzopaniSad 3 / tarka bhASA, pR. 108 / 12. vahI-pR. 181 / vahI-pR.152-1531 14. tarka saMgraha, khaNDa 1 / 10. 11. 13. 1-22 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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15. jahA rAgaraNa kaDANaM kammAraNaM, pAvago phalavivAgo jaha ya parihINakammA, tiddhA siddhAlayamuvaiti / / -praupapAtika sUtra-351 16. 18. deu Na devale gavi silae Navi lippaI raNavi citti akhau giraMjaNu NANamau siu saMThiya samacitti / / -paramAtma prkaash-123| nehau himmalu NAmau siddhihi riNavasa i deu / tehau Nivasai vaMbhu paru deha ha maM kari peu / --paramAtma prakAza-261 parisA ! attAraNameva abhinigijjha, evaM dukkhA pamokkhasi / -prAcArAMga 3131119 / deha ho pikkhi vi jaramaraNu mA bhau jIva karehi / jo ajarAmaru baMbhu paruso pApANa murohi // -pAhau dohA 1133 (muni rAmasiMha) ya: paramAtmA sa evA'haM yo'haM sa paramastataH ahameva mayopAsyo, nAnyaH kAzciditi sthitiH / / -samAdhi zataka, 31 (pUjyapAda) deha devali jo vasai de u araNAi argNtu| kevalaNANaphuraMtataNu, so paramampu Nimatu // 0. -paramAtma prakAza 113 'upAsyamAnamevAtmA jAyate paramo'thavA / mathitvAtmAnamAtmauva jAyategniryathA taruH' -samAdhizataka (pUjyapAda) 23. jJAnaM kevalasaMjJaM yoga nirodhaH samagraka hatiH / siddhinivAsazca yadA, paramAtmA syAttadA vyaktaH / / -adhyAtma sAra 20124 (upAdhyAya yazovijaya) 24. tadanukaraNa bhuvanAdI nimitta kAraNatvAdIzvarasya na caitadasiddhyaH -prApta parIkSA 1151 / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 1-23

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vyakti kI vRtti * pro0 prAditya pracaNDiyA 'dIti' ema0 e0 (svarNapadaka prApta), risarcaskAlara hindI-vibhAga-zrI vASrNeya mahAvidyAlaya alIgar3ha / chaThI zatI kI bAta hai / eka vyakti dhanopArjana hetu dUsare prAntara gayA / dIrghakAla taka vaha ghara nahIM lauTA / patroM kI zRkhalA baMdha gayI / vyakti unakI upekSA karatA gyaa| chaH mAsa ke uparAnta usakA lauTanA humA / mArga meM vizrAma hetu eka dharmazAlA meM usane Tikane kA nizcaya kiyaa| rAtri kA dIpaka jalA / yAtrA kI thakAna miTAne ke lie vyakti zaiyyA para leTa gayA / vaha zaiyyA para leTa kara sukha kA Ananda le hI rahA thA ki samIra avasthita kamare se karuNa Rdana sunAI pdd'aa| idhara nizA yauvana ko prApta ho rahI thI udhara krandana prArohaNa ko agrasara thA / vyakti ke sukhAnanda meM vyavadhAna prA par3A / usake vastusthiti ko jAnane ke lie paricAraka ko bhejaa| paricAraka ne sthiti kA udghATana kiyA-'bAba jI! nikaTa ke kamare meM eka lar3akA ThaharA humA hai / usake udarazUla ho rahA hai / isalie vaha cillA rahA hai|' vyakti ne mauna tor3A-abe ! jA, use samajhA, vaha roye nahIM / mujhe nIMda nahIM A rahI / kaha de|' paricAraka kaha pAyA para ronA rukA nahIM apitu svara ne tIvratA aura pakar3a lii| vyakti phuphakAra uThA / usane paricAraka ko Adeza diyA- 'use dharmazAlA se nikAla do|' araNya nyAya kaba nahIM calatA ? paricAraka gae aura lar3ake tathA usake sevaka ke bistara bAhara pheMka die| rAta Dhala rahI thI / ghara ke bhItara bhI loga ThiThura rahe the / vyakti prArAma se so gayA / vaha prAtaHkAla utthaa| _ 'ye kahane se nahIM mAnate, kucha prA bItatI hai taba mAnate haiM'-kahate kahate vyakti ne sukha kI sAMsa lii| usakA abhimAna sImA kA atikramaNa kara gayA / vaha bolA-'pahale zAnta rahatA to kyoM jAnA par3atA ?' paricAraka bolA-'bAbUjI ! zAnta to vaha mara kara hI huA hai / ' kyA, mara gayA ? jI, mara gayA ! kauna thA vaha ? Apa hI jAneM ! vyakti uThakara bAhara aayaa| gAMva aura pitA nAma ko jAnakara vyakti ke prANa bhItara ke bhItara aura bAhara ke bAhara raha gae / aba vaha apane putra ke lie prAMsU hI bahA sakatA thaa| ___sAmAjika jIvana meM vyaktivAdI manovRtti ke kAraNa manuSya kitanA krUra ho jAtA hai| nissaMdeha saccA aura acchA jIvana 'jIro aura jIne do' meM vyajjita hai| pIlIkoThI, AgarAror3a, alIgaDha / 1-24 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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_____ saMsAra meM mukhya rUpa se do prakAra ke darzana haiM--1. AtmavAdI, aura | 2. anAtmavAdI / jaina, sAMkhya, yoga, mImAMsA Adi darzana prathama zreNI meM Ate haiM aura bauddha darzana dvitIya zreNI meN| phira bhI donoM hI prakAra ke darzana isa bAta meM eka mata haiM ki acche karma kA phala acchA aura bure karma kA phala burA milatA hai| donoM hI prakAra ke darzanoM ne tIna prakAra ke karma mAne haiN| inake nAmoM meM bhinnatA hone para bhI inake svarUpa meM prAyaH bhinnatA nahIM hai / pAzcAtya darzana bhI karmoM kA vibhAjana isI prakAra karatA hai| jaina, bauddha aura gItA darzanoM meM mAne gae ina tInoM hI prakAra ke karmoM kA vizada tulanAtmaka adhyayana vidvAn lekhaka ne parizramapUrvaka apane isa nibandha meM prastuta kiyA hai jo isa viSaya ke adhyetAoM ke lie bar3A upayogI siddha hogaa| -polyAkA jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke darzana meM karma kA azubhatva, zubhatva aura zuddhatva * DA0 sAgaramala jaina, adhyakSa darzana vibhAga hamIdiyA mahAvidyAlaya bhopAla (ma.pra.) tIna prakAra ke karma :-- naitika kahA jA sakatA hai / lekina naitikatA ke kSetra meM Ane vAle sabhI karma bhI eka samAna nahIM hote yadyapi jaina dRSTi se 'karmaNA badhyate jantuH' kI haiM, unameM se kucha zubha aura kucha azubha hote haiN| ukti ThIka hai, lekina jainAcAra darzana meM sabhI karma jaina paribhASA meM inheM kramazaH puNya karma aura pApa athavA kriyAyeM samAna rUpa se bandhanakAraka nahIM haiN| karma kahA jAtA hai / isa prakAra jaina vicAraNA ke usameM do prakAra ke karma mAne gaye haiM, eka ko karma anusAra karma tIna prakAra hote haiN| IyApathika karma kahA gayA hai dUsare ko akarma; samasta sAmparAyika (karma) 2 puNya karma aura 3 pApa karma / bauddha kriyAyeM karma kI zreNI meM aura IryApathika kriyAeM vicAraNA meM bhI tIna prakAra ke karma mAne gaye haiM akarma kI zreNI meM AtI haiN| yadi naitika darzana 1 avyakta yA akRSNa azukla karma 2 kuzala yA kI dRSTi se vicAra kareM, to prathama prakAra ke karma zukla karma aura 3 akuzala yA kRssnnkrm| gItA hI naitikatA ke kSetra meM pAte haiM aura dUsare prakAra bhI tIna prakAra ke karma batAtI hai-1 akarma 2 karma ke karma naitikatA ke kSetra se pare haiN| unheM ati- (kuzala karma) aura 3 vikarma (akuzala karma) / jaina mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 1-25

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vicAraNA kA Ipithika karma bauddha darzana kA anaMtika / jaina vicAraNA kA Ipithika karma atinai. avyakta yA akRSNa azukla karma tathA gItA kA tika karma hai, puNya karma naitika karma hai, aura pApa karma akarma hai| isI prakAra jaina vicAraNA kA puNya anaitika karma hai / gItA kA akarma atinaitika, zubha karma bauddha darzana kA kuzala (zukla) karma tathA gItA karma yA karma naitika aura vikarma anaitika hai| bauddha kA sakAma sAtvika karma yA kuzalakarma aura jaina vicAraNA meM atinaitika, naitika aura atinaitika karma vicAraNA kA pApa karma bauddha darzana kA akuzala kA kramazaH akuzala, kuzala aura avyakta karma athavA (kRSNa) karma tathA gItA kA vikarma hai| kRSNa, zukla aura akRSNa azukla karma kahA gayA / pAzcAtya naitika darzana kI dRSTi se bhI kama hai| inheM nimna tulanAtmaka tAlikA se spaSTa kiyA tIna prakAra ke hote haiM 1-atinaitika, 2 naitika, 3 jA sakatA hai : - - karma pAzcAtya prAcAra darzana / - - 1. zuddha 2. zubha atinaitika karma naitika karma jaina , bauddha gItA IryApathika karma avyakta karma akarma puNya karma kuzala (zukla) karma (kuzala karma) karma pApa karma ___ akuzala (kRSNa) vikarma 3. azubha anaitika karma karma prAdhyAtmika yA naitika pUrNatA ke lie hameM kramazaH yA dUsare kA ahita karane kI dRSTi se kie jAte azubha karmoM se zubha karmoM kI ora aura zubha karmo haiM, pApa karma haiM / mAtra itanA hI nahIM sabhI prakAra se zuddha karmoM kI ora bar3hanA hogA / aAge hama isI ke durvicAra aura durbhAvanAe~ bhI pApa karma haiM / krama se una para thor3I adhika gaharAI se vive na ___ pApa yA akuzala karmoM kA vargIkaraNa jaina kreNge| dArzanikoM ke anusAra pApa karma 18 prakAra ke haiM : azubha yA pApa karma : jaina prAcAryo - nepApa 1. prAraNAtipAta-hiMsA, 2. mRSAvAda-prasatya bhASaNa, kI yaha paribhASA dI hai ki vaiyaktika saMdarbha meM jo 3. adattAdAna-caurya karma, 4. maithuna-kAma vikAra prAtmA ko baMdhana meM DAle, jisake kAraNa prAtmA yA laiMgika pravRtti, 5. parigraha-mamatva, mUrchA, tRSNA kA patana ho, jo prAtmA ke prAnanda kA zoSaNa kare yA saMcaya vRtti, 6. krodha-gussA, 7. mAna-ahaMkAra, tma zaktiyoM kA kSaya kare. vaha pApa hai| 8. mAyA, kapaTa, chala, SaDayaMtra aura kaTanIti, 9 sAmAjika saMdarbha meM jo para pIr3A yA dUsaroM ke duHkha lobha-saMcaya yA saMgraha kI vRtti, 10. rAga-prAsakti, kA kAraNa hai, vaha pApa hai (pApAya parapIr3ana) 11. dvaSa-ghRNA, tiraskAra, IrSyA / 12. klezavastutaH jisa vicAra evaM prAcAra se apanA aura saMgharSa, kalaha, lar3AI, jhagar3A Adi, 13. abhyApara kA ahita ho aura jisakA phala aniSTa kI khyAna-doSAropaNa, 14. pizunatA-cugalI, 15. prApti ho, vaha pApa hai| naitika jIvana kI dRSTi se paraparivAda-paraniMdA, 16. rati arati-harSa aura ve sabhI karma jo svArtha, ghRNA yA ajJAna ke kAraNa zoka, 17. mAyA mRSA-kapaTa sahita asatyabhASaNa, 1-26 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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18. mithyAdarzanaNalya-ayathArtha dhaddhA yA jIvana nimna dasa prakAra ke pApAcaraNa kA varNana kiyA daSTi / bauddha dRSTikoraNa : bauddha darzana meM kAyika, vAcika aura mAnasika AdhAra para nimna 10 prakAra ke pApoM yA prakuzala karmoM kA barNana milatA (a) kAyika : 1. hiMsA, 2. corI, 3. vya bhicAra (ba) vAcika : 4. mithyA (grasatya), 5. tAnA mAranA, 6. kaTuvacana, 7. asaMgata bolanA (a) kAyika pApa : 1. prANAtipAta-hiMsA, 2. adattAdAna-corI yA steya, 3. kAmemu-micchAcAra-kAmabhoga sambandhI durAcAra / (ma) mAnasika : 8. paradravya abhilASA, 9. ahita cintana, 10. vyartha Agraha (ba) kAyika pApa : 4. mRpAvAda-asatya bhASaraNa, 5. pisunAvAcA-pizuna vacana, 6. parUsAvAcA-baThora vacana, 7. samphalApa-vyartha pAlApa / (sa) mAnasika pApa : 8. amijjA-lobha, 9 vyApAda-mAnasika hiMsA yA ahita ciMtana, 10. micchAdiTThI-mithyA dRSTikoNa / abhidhamma saMgahe" meM nimna 14 akazala caitasika batAe gae haiM : pApa ke kAraNa : jaina vicArakoM ke anusAra pApakarma kI utpatti ke sthAna tIna haiM--1. rAga yA svArtha, 2. dveSa yA ghRNA aura 3. moha yA ajnyaan| prANI rAga, dveSa aura moha se hI pApa karma karatA hai / buddha ke anusAra bhI pApa karma kI utpatti ke sthAna tIna haiM-1. lobha (rAga), 2. dveSa aura 3. moha / gItA ke anusAra kAma (rAga) aura krodha hI pApa ke kAraNa haiM / 1. moha-citta kA andhApana, mUr3hatA, 2. ahirika puNya (kuzala karma) : puNya vaha hai jisake nirlajjatA, 3 anautapayaM-abhIrutApApa karma meM bhaya na kAraNa sAmAjika eva ___ kAraNa sAmAjika evaM bhautika stara para samatva kI mAnanA, 4. uddhacca-uddhatapana, caJcalatA, 5. lobho- sthApanA hotI hai / mana, zarIra aura bAhya pariveza tRpaNA, 6. diTThi-mithyA dRSTi 7. mAno-ahaMkAra, ke madhya santulana banAnA yaha puNya kA kArya hai| 8. doso-Sa, 9. imsA-IrSyA (dUsare kI sampatti puNya kyA hai isakI vyAkhyA meM tatvArtha sUtrakAra ko na saha sakanA) 10. macchariya-mAtsarya (apanI kahate haiM-zubhAzrava puNya hai| lekina puNya mAtra sampatti ko chipAne kI pravRtti), 11. kukkucca- prAzrava nahIM hai, varan vaha bandha aura vipAka bhI hai kaukRtya (kRta-prakRta ke bAre meM pazcAtApa), 12. dUsare vaha mAtra bandhana yA heya hI nahIM hai varan thInaM, 13. middha', 14. vicikicchA-vicikitsA upAdeya bhI hai| ataH aneka prAcAryoM ne usakI (sNshyaalupn)| vyAkhyA dUsare prakAra se kI hai| prAcArya hemacandra puNya azubha karmoM kA lAghava hai aura zubha karmoM gItA kA dRSTikoNa : gItA bhI jaina aura bauddha kA udaya hai| isa prakAra AcArya hemacandra kI darzana meM svIkRta ina pApAcaraNoM yA vikarmoM kA dRSTi meM puNya azubha (pApa) karmoM kI alpatA aura ullekha AsurI sampadA ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai| zubha karmoM ke udaya ke phalasvarUpa prApta prazasta gItA rahasya meM tilaka ne manu smRti ke AdhAra para avasthA kA dyotaka hai / puNya ke nirvANa kI upamahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 1-27

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labdhi meM sahAyaka svarUpa kI vyAkhyA prAcArya 1. anna puNya : bhojanAdi dekara kSudhAta kI kSudhA prabhayadeva kI sthApanA sUtra kI TIkA meM milatI hai| nivRtti krnaa| prAcArya abhayadeva kahate haiM-puNya vaha hai jo prAtmA ko pavitra karatA hai athavA pavitratA kI ora le 2. pAna puNya : tRSA (pyAsa) se pIDita vyakti jAtA hai| prAcArya kI dRSTi meM puNya prAdhyAtmika ko pAnI milnaa| sAdhanoM meM sahAyaka tatva haiM / muni suzIlakumAra 3. layana puNya : nivAsa ke liye sthAna denA jaise jainadharma nAmaka pustaka meM likhate haiM-puNya mokSArthiyoM dharmazAlAe~ Adi banavAnA / kI naukA ke liye anukUla vAyu hai jo naukA ko bhavasAgara se zIghra pAra karA detI haiN| jaina kavi 4. zayana puNya : zayyA, bichaunA Adi denA / banArasIdAsajI kahate haiM jisase bhAvoM kI vizuddhi ho, jisase AtmA Urdhva mukhI hotA hai arthAt 5. vastra puNya : vastra kA dAna denA / prAdhyAtmika vikAsa kI ora bar3hatA hai aura jisase 6. mana puNya : mana se zabha vicAra krnaa| isa saMsAra meM bhautika-samRddhi aura sukha milatA hai jagata ke maMgala kI zubha kAmanA vahI puNya hai| krnaa| jaina tatva jJAna ke anusAra puNya karma 7. vacana paNya : prazasta evaM saMtoSa dene vAlI ve zubha pudgala paramANu haiM jo zubhavRttiyoM vANI kA prayoga krnaa| evaM kriyAoM ke kAraNa AtmA kI ora prAkarSita ho bandha karate haiM aura apane vipAka ke 8. kAya puNya : rogI, duHkhita evaM pUjya janoM avasara para zubha adhyavasAyoM, zubha vicAroM evaM kI sevA krnaa| kriyAoM kI ora prerita karate haiM tathA AdhyAtmika mAnasika evaM bhautika anukUlatAnoM ke saMyoga prastuta 9. namaskAra puNyaH gurujanoM ke prati Adara prakaTa karane ke liye unakA abhivAdana kara dete haiN| prAtmA kI ve manodazAe~ evaM kriyAe~ krnaa| bhI jo zubha pudgala paramANu ko aAkarSita karatI haiM, puNya kahalAtI haiN| sAtha hI dUsarI ora bauddha prAcAra darzana meM bhI puNya ke isa dAnAve padgala paramANu jo ina zubha vRttiyoM evaM tmaka svarUpa kI carcA milatI hai / saMyukta nikAya kriyAoM ko prerita karate haiM aura apane prabhAva se meM kahA gayA hai-anna, pAna, vastra, zaiyyA, prAsana evaM prArogya sampatti evaM samyak zraddhA, jJAna evaM saMyama cAdara ke dAnI puruSa meM puNyakI dhArAe~ prA giratI ke avasara upasthita karate haiM puNya kahe jAte haiN| hai| abhidhammatthasaMgahoM meM 1. zraddhA, 2. apramattatA zubha manovRttiyAM bhAva puNya haiM aura zubha pudgala (smRti), 3. pApa karma ke prati lajjA, 4. pApa paramANu dravya puNya haiN| karma ke prati bhaya, 5. alobha (tyAga), 6. adveSapuNya yA kuzala karmoM kA vargIkaraNa-bhagavatI maitrI, 7. samabhAva, 8-9. mana aura zarIra kI sUtra meM anukampA, sevA, paropakAra Adi zubha prasannatA, 10-11. mana aura zarIra kA halakApana, pravRttiyoM ko puNyopArjana kA kAraNa mAnA hai| 11-12. mana aura zarIra kI mRdutA, 13-14. mana sthAnAMga sUtra meM nava prakAra ke puNya batAe gae aura zarIra kI saralatA prAdi ko bhI kuzala caitasika kahA gayA hai / 13 1-28 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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jaina aura bauddha vicAraNA meM puNya ke svarUpa DAkTara to pApa karma ke bandha kA hI bhogI hogaa| ko lekara vizeSa antara yaha hai ki jana vicAraNA isake viparIta vahI DAkTara karuNA se prerita meM saMvara nirjarA aura puNya meM antara kiyA gayA hai| hokara varaNa cIratA hai aura kadAcit usase rogI jaba ki bauddha vicAraNA meM aisA spaSTa antara nahIM kI mRtyu ho jAtI hai to bhI DAkTara apanI zubha haiN| jainAcAra darzana meM samyak darzana, (zraddhA) bhAvanA ke kAraNa puNya kA bandha karatA hai / samyak jJAna, (prajJA) aura samyak cAritra (zIla) prajJAcakSu paMDita sukhalAlajI bhI yahI kahate haiM-puNya ko saMvara aura nirjarA ke antargata mAnA gayA hai| baMdha aura pApa baMdha kI saccI kasauTI kevala Upara jabaki bauddha prAcAra darzana meM dharma saMgha aura buddha kI kriyA nahIM hai, kintu usakI yathArtha kasauTI ke prati dRr3ha zraddhA, zIla aura prajJA ko bhI puNya kartA kA Azaya hI hai18 / (kuzalakarma) ke antargata mAnA gayA hai 13 / ina kathanoM ke AdhAra para to yaha spaSTa hai, puNya aura pApa (zubha aura azubha) kI kasauTI : ki jaina vicAraNA meM bhI karmoM kI zubhAzubhatA ke zubhAzubhatA yA puNya pApa ke nirNaya ke do prAdhAra nirNaya kA aAdhAra manovRttiyAM hI haiM phira bhI ho sakate haiM / 1- karma kA bAhya svarUpa tathA jaina vicAraNA meM karma kA bAhya svarUpa upekSita samAja para usakA prabhAva / 2- dUsarA kartA kA nahIM hai| yadyapi nizcaya dRSTi kI apekSA se abhiprAya / ina donoM meM kaunasA prAdhAra yathArtha hai, manovRttiyAM hI karmoM kI zubhAzubhatA kI nirNAyaka yaha vivAda kA viSaya rahA hai| gItA aura bauddha haiM tathApi vyavahAra dRSTi meM karma kA bAhya svarUpa darzana meM kartA ke abhiprAya ko hI kRtyoM kI zubhA- hI sAmAnyatayA zubhAzubhatA kA nizcaya karatA hai| zubhatA kA saccA prAdhAra mAnA gayA hai| gItA spaSTa sUtrakRtAMga meM pAka kumAra bauddhoM kI ekAMgI rUpa se kahatI hai jisameM kartRtva bhAva nahIM hai, jisakI dhAraNA kA nirasana karate hae kahate haiM jo mAMsa buddhi nilipta hai, vaha ina saba logoM ko mAra bhI khAtA ho cAhe na jAnate hue bhI khAtA ho to bhI DAle tathApi yaha samajhanA cAhie ki usane na to usako pApa lagatA hI hai, hama jAnakara nahIM khAte kisI ko mArA hai aura na vaha usa karma se bandhana isalie hama ko doSa (pApa) nahIM lagatA aisA kahanA meM AtA hai| 4 / dhammapada meM buddha vacana bhI aisA hI eka dama asatya nahIM to kyA hai19 | isase yaha (naiSkarmyasthiti ko prApta) brAhmaNa mAtA-pitA ko, spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki jaina dRSTi meM manovRtti ke do kSatriya rAjAoM ko evaM prajA sahita rASTra ko sAtha hI karmoM kA bAhya svarUpa bhI zubhAzubhatA kI mArakara bhI niSpApa hokara jAtA hai15 / bauddha darzana daSTi se mahatvapUrNa hai / vAstava meM sAmAjika dRSTi meM kartA ke abhiprAya ko hI puNya pApa kA prAdhAra yA loka vyavahAra meM to yahI pramukha nirNAyaka mAnA gayA hai, isakA pramANa sUtrakRtAMga sUtra ke hotA hai / sAmAjika nyAya meM to karma kA bAhya prArdraka vauddha samvAda meM bhI milatA hai16 / jahAM taka svarUpa hI usakI zubhAzubhatA kA nizcaya karatA jaina mAnyatA kA prazna hai vidvAnoM ke anusAra usa meM haiM kyoMki prAntarika vRtti ko vyakti svayaM jAna bhI kartA ke abhiprAya ko hI karma kI zubhAzubhatA sakatA hai, dUsarA nhiiN| jaina dRSTi ekAMgI nahIM kA AdhAra mAnA gayA hai / zubha azubha karma ke baMba hai, vaha samanvayavAdI aura sApekSavAdI hai, vaha vyaktikA prAdhAra manovRttiyAM hI haiM / eka DAkTara kisI sApekSa hokara manovRtti ko karmoM kI zubhAzubhatA ko pIr3A pahuMcAne ke lie usakA varaNa cIrato hai, kA nirNAyaka mAnatI hai aura samAja sApekSa hokara usase cAhe rogI ko lAbha hI ho jAe parantu karmoM ke bAhya svarUpa para unakI zubhAzubhatA kA mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 1-29 |

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nizcaya karatI hai, usameM dravya (bAhya) aura bhAva paramArthika matya / naitikatA vyavahAra se paramArtha (prAMtarika) donoM kA mUlya hai| usameM yoga (bAhya kI ora prayAraNa hai ataH usameM donoM kA hI mUlya kriyA) aura bhAva (manovRtti) donoM hI bandhana ke hai| karma ke zubhAzubhatva ke nirNaya kI dRSTi se kAraNa mAne gaye haiM, yadyapi usameM manovRtti hI karma ke hetu aura pariNAma donoM kA hI mUlyAMkana prabala kAraNa hai / vaha vRtti aura kriyA meM vibheda grAvazyaka hai| nahIM mAnatI hai| usakI samanvayavAdI dRSTi meM manovRtti zubha ho aura kriyA azubha ho, yaha sambhava cAhe hama kartA ke abhiprAya ko zubhAzubhatA ke nahIM hai| mana meM zubha bhAva hote hue pApAcaraNa nirNaya kA aAdhAra mAne, yA karma ke samAja para sambhava nahIM hai| vaha eka samAlocaka dRSTi se hone vAle pariNAma ko| donoM hI sthitiyoM meM kahatI hai-mana meM satya ko samajhate hue bhI bAhara se kisa prakAra kA karma puNya karma yA ucita karma kahA dUsarI bAteM (aNubhAcaraga) karanA kyA saMyamI jAvegA aura kisa prakAra kA kama pApa karma yA puruSoM kA lakSaNa hai ? usakI dRSTi meM siddhAnta anucita karma kahA jAvegA yaha vicAra yAvazyaka aura vyavahAra meM antara aAtma pravaMcanA aura loka pratIta hotA hai| sAmAnyatayA bhAratIya cintana meM chalanA hai / mAnasika hetu para hI jora dene vAlI puNya pApa kI vicAraNA ke sandarbha meM sAmAjika dhAraNA kA nirasana karate hue sUtrakRtAMga meM kahA dRSTi hI pramutra hai / jahAM karma akarma kA vicAra gayA hai-karma bandhana kA satya jJAna nahIM batAne vyakti mApekSa hai, vahAM puNya pApa kA vicAra samAja vAle isa vAda ko mAnane vAle kitane hI loga saMsAra sApekSa hai / jaba hama karma akarma yA karma ke bandhanatva meM phaMsate rahate haiM ki pApa lagane ke tIna sthAna haiM kA vicAra karata haiM to vaiyaktika karma preraka yA svayaM karane se, dUsaroM se eka karAne se, dUsaroM ke vaiyaktika cetanA kI vizuddhatA (vItarAgatA) hI kArya kA anumodana karane se / parantu yadi hRdaya / hamAre nirNaya kA AdhAra banatI hai lekina jaba hama pApa mukta ho to ina tInoM ke karane para bhI puNya pApa kA vicAra karate haiM to samAja kalyANa nirvANa avazya mile / yaha vAda ajJAna hai, mana se ___ yA lokahita hI hamAre nirNaya kA aAdhAra hotA pApa ko pApa samajhate hue, jo doSa karatA hai, use hai / vastutaH bhAratIya cintana meM jIvanAdarza to nirdoSa nahIM mAnA jA sakatA, kyoMki vaha saMyama zubhAzubhatva kI sImA se Upara uThanA hai, usa (vAsanA nigraha) meM zithila hai| paranta bhogAsakta sandarbha meM vItarAga yA anAsakta jIvana daSTi kA loga ukta bAta mAnakara pApa meM par3e rahate haiM20 / nirmANa hI vyakti kA parama sAdhya mAnA gayA hai aura vahI karma ke bandhakatva yA prabandhakatva kA pAzcAtya prAcAra darzana meM bhI sugvavAdI pramApaka hai / lekina jahAM taka zubha-azubha kA sambandha vicAraka karma kI phala niSpatti ke AdhAra para hai usameM "rAga' yA grAsakti kA tatya to rahA unakI zubhAzubhatA kA nizcaya karate haiM, jabaki hanA hai zubha aura azubha donoM meM hI rAga yA mATinyU karma preraka para unakI zubhAzubhatA kA prAsakti to hotI hI hai anyathA rAga ke abhAva meM nizcaya karatA hai / jaina vicAraNA ke anusAra ina karma zubhAzubha se Upara uThakara atinaitika hogaa| donoM pAzcAtya vicAraNAmoM meM apUrNa satya rahA yahAM pramukhatA rAga kI upasthiti yA anupasthiti hA hai, eka kA prAdhAra lokadRSTi yA samAja kI nahIM varan usakI prazastatA kI hai| prazasta daSTi hai aura dUsarI kA AdhAra paramArtha dRSTi yA rAga zubha yA puNya bandha kA kAraNa mAnA gayA hai zuddha dRSTi hai / eka vyAvahArika satya hai aura dUsarA aura apazasta rAga azubha yA pApa bandha kA 1-30 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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kAraNa hai| rAga kI prazastatA usameM dvaSa ke para vicAra karate samaya kartA prAzaya ko bhulAyA tatva kI kamI ke AdhAra para nirbhara hotI hai| nahIM jA sakatA hai| yadyapi rAga aura dveSa sAtha-sAtha rahate haiM tathApi sAmAjika jIvana meM prAcaraNa ke zubhatva kA jima rAga ke sAtha Sa kI mAtrA jitanI alpa prAdhAra- yadyapi yaha satya hai ki karma ke zubhatva aura kama tIvra hogI vaha rAga utanA prazasta hogA aura jisa rAga ke sAtha duSa kI mAtrA aura tIvratA kA nirNaya anya prANiyoM yA samAja ke prati kie jitanI adhika hogI vaha utanA hI aprazasta gae vyavahAra athavA dRSTikoNa ke sandarbha meM hotA hai| lekina anya prANiyoM ke prati hamArA kaunasA hogaa| vyavahAra yA dRSTikoNa zubha hogA aura kaunasA dvaSa vihIna vizuddha rAga yA prazasta rAga hI vyavahAra yA dRSTikoNa azubha hogA isakA nirNaya prema kahA jAtA hai / usa prema se parArtha yA paropakAra kisa AdhAra para kiyA jAe ? bhAratIya cintana vRtti kA udaya hotA hai, jo zubha kA sRjana karatI ne isa sandarbha meM jo kasauTI pradAna kI hai, vaha yaha hai usI se loka maMgalakArI pravRttiyoM ke rUpa meM hai ki jisa prakAra ke vyavahAra ko hama apane lie puNya karma nisRta hote haiM jabaki dveSa yukta aprazasta pratikUla samajhate haiM. vaisA prAcaraNa dUsare ke prati rAga hI ghRNA ko janma dekara svArtha vRtti kA nahIM karanA aura jaisA vyavahAra hameM anukUla hai, vikAsa karatA hai, usase azubha, amaMgalakArI pApa vaisA vyavahAra dUsare ke prati karanA; yahI zubhAcaraNa karma nisRta hote hai saMkSepa meM jisa karma ke pIche hai| isake viparIta jo vyavahAra hameM pratikUla hai, prema aura parArtha hote haiM vaha puNya karma aura jisa vaisA vyavahAra dUsare ke prati karanA aura jaisA karma ke pauche ghRNA aura svArtha hote haiM vaha pApa / vyavahAra hameM anukUla hai vaisA vyavahAra dUsaroM ke karma / prati nahIM karanA, azubhAcaraNa hai / bhAratIya RSiyoM mAtra kA yahI sandeza hai ki 'pAtmanaH prati jaina prAcAra darzana puNya karmoM ke vargIkaraNa meM kUlAni pareSAM mA samAcaret' arthAt jisa pAcaraNa jina tathyoM para adhika bala detA hai, ve sabhI samAja ko tuma apane lie pratikUla samajhate ho vaisA sApekSa haiN| vastutaH zubha azubha vargIkaraNa meM AcaraNa dUsaroM ke prati mata kro| saMkSepa meM sabhI sAmAjika dRSTi hI pradhAna hai| bhAratIya cintakoM prANiyoM ke prati prAtmavat dRSTi hI vyavahAra ke kI dRSTi meM puNya aura pApa kI samagra cintanA kA zubhatva kA pramANa hai| sAra nimna kathana meM samAyA huA hai ki paropakAra puNya hai aura para-pIDana SApa hai'| jaina vicArakoM jaina dRSTikoNa - jaina darzana ke anusAra jisakI ne puNya bandha ke dAna sevA prAdi jina kAraNoM kA saMsAra ke sabhI prANiyoM ke prati prAtmavat dRSTi hai ullekha kiyA hai unakA pramukha sambandha sAmAjika vahI naitika karmoM kA sraSTA hai / dazavakAlika kalyANa yA loka maMgala se hai| isI prakAra pApa sUtra meM kahA gayA hai samasta prANiyoM ko jo apane ke rUpa meM jina tathyoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai ve samAna samajhatA hai aura jisakA sabhI ke prati sabhI loka amaMgalakArI tatva haiM / isa prakAra hama samabhAva hai vaha pApa karma kA bandha nahIM karatA kaha sakate haiM jahAM taka zubha-azubha yA puNya-pApa ke hai / sUtrakRtAMga meM dharmAdharma (zubhAzubhatva) ke vargIkaraNa kA prazna hai hameM sAmAjika sandarbha meM hI nirNaya meM apane samAna dUsare ko samajhanA, yahI use dekhanA hogA / yadyapi bandhana kI dRSTi se usa dRSTikogga svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| sabhI ko jIvita mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 1-31

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rahane kI icchA hai, koI bhI maranA nahIM cAhatA, lagatA hai vaisA hI vyavahAra dUsaroM ke prati kiyA sabhI ko prANa priya haiM, sukha zAntiprada hai aura dukha jAe; he yudhiSThara ! dharma aura adharma kI pahicAna pratikUla hai / isalie vahI AcaraNa zreSTha hai jisake kA yahI lakSaNa hai| dvArA kisI bhI prANa kA hanana nahIM ho 124 pAzcAtya dRSTikoNa-pAzcAtya darzana meM bhI bauddha dharma kA dRSTikoNa-bauddha vicAraNA meM bhI sarvatra Atmavat dRSTi ko hI karma ke zubhatva sAmAjika jIvana meM dUsaroM ke prati vyavahAra karane kA yahI dRSTikoNa svIkRta hai ki jaisA vyavahAra kA AdhAra mAnA gayA hai / suttanipAta meM buddha kahate tuma apane lie cAhate ho vaisA hI dUsare ke lie haiM-jaisA maiM hUM vaise hI ye dUsare prANI bhI haiM aura jaise karo / kAnTa ne bhI kahA hai ki kevala usI niyama ye dUsare prANI haiM vaisA hI maiM haM isa prakAra sabhI ko ke anusAra kAma karo jise tuma eka sArvabhauma apane samAna samajhakara, kisI kI hiMsA yA ghAta nahIM niyama bana jAne kI icchA kara sakate ho / mAnavatA karanA cAhie25 / dhammapada meM bhI buddha ne yahI kahA cAhe vaha tumhAre andara ho yA kisI anya ke vaha hai ki sabhI prANI daNDa se Darate haiM, mRtyu se sabhI sadaiva se sAdhya banI rahe, sAdhana kabhI na ho / bhaya khAte haiM, sabako jIvana priya hai, ataH sabako kAnTa ke isa kathana kA Azaya bhI yahI nikalatA apane samAna samajhakara na mAre aura na mArane kI hai ki naitika jIvana ke saMdarbha meM sabhI ko samAna preraNA kare / jo sukha cAhane vAle prANiyoM ko, __ mAnakara vyavahAra karanA cAhie / apane sukha kI cAha se duHkha pradAna karatA hai vaha marakara bhI sukha nahIM paataa| lekina jo sukha zubha aura azubha se zuddha ko pora---jaina cAhane vAle prANiyoM ko, apane sukha kI cAha se vicAraNA meM zubha evaM azubha athavA maMgala amaMgala duHkha nahIM detA, vaha mara kara bhI sukha ko prApta kI vAstavikatA svIkAra kI gaI hai / uttarAdhyayana hotA hai| sUtra meM nava tatva mAne gaye haiM jisameM puNya aura - gItA evaM mahAbhArata kA dRSTikoNa-manusmRti, pApa ko svataMtra tatva ke rUpa meM ginA gayA hai34 ) mahAbhArata aura gItA meM bhI hameM isI dRSTikoNa jabaki tatvArtha sUtra meM umAsvAti ne jIva, ajIva, kA samarthana milatA hai| gItA meM kahA gayA hai ki pAzrava, baMdha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa ina sAtoM jo sukha aura duHkha sabhI meM dUsare prANiyoM ke prati ko hI tatva kahA hai vahAM para puNya aura pApa kA prAtmavat dRSTi rakhakara byavahAra karatA hai, vahI svataMtra tatva ke rUpa meM sthAna nahIM hai / lekina yaha paramayogI hai28 | mahAbhArata meM aneka sthAnoM para vivAda adhika mahatvapUrNa pratIta nahIM hotA kyoMki isI daSTikoNa kA samarthana hameM milatA hai| usameM jo paramparA unheM svatantra tatva mahIM mAnatI hai vaha kahA gayA hai ki jaisA ki apane lie cAhatA hai bhI unako Azraya evaM baMgha tatva ke antargata to vaisA hI vyavahAra dUsare ke prati bhI kare / tyAga- mAna letI hai / yadyapi puNya aura pApa mAtra prAzrava dAna, sukha-duHkha, priya-apriya sabhI meM dUsare ko apanI nahIM hai varan unakA baMdha bhI hotA hai aura vipAka prAtmA ke samAna mAna kara vyavahAra karanA bhI hotA hai / ataH pAzrava ke do vibhAga zubhAzrava cAhie30 / jo vyakti dUsare prANiyoM ke prati apane aura azubhAzrava karane se kAma pUrNa pUrA nahIM hotA samAna vyavahAra karatA hai vahI svarga ke sukhoM ko varan baMdha aura vipAka meM bhI do do bheda karane prApta karatA hai31 / jo vyavahAra svayaM ko priya hoMge / isa vargIkaraNa kI kaThinAI se bacane ke lie 1-32 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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hI zAyada pApa evaM puNya ko do svataMtra tatva ke rUpa meM mAna liyA hai| phira bhI jaina vicAraNA nirvAraNa mArga ke sAdhaka ke lie donoM ko heya aura tyAjya mAnatI hai kyoMki donoM hI bandhana ke kAraNa haiM / vastutaH naitika jIvana kI pUrNatA zubhAzubha yA puNya pApa se Upara uTha jAne meM haiM zubha (puNya) aura azubha (pApa) kA bheda jaba taka banA rahatA hai, naitika pUrNatA nahIM zrAtI hai / azubha para pUrNa vijaya ke sAtha hI vyakti zubha (puNya) se bhI Upara uThakara zuddha dazA meM sthita ho jAtA hai / jaina dRSTikoNa--RSibhAsita sUtra meM RSi kahatA hai - pUrvakRta puNya aura pApa saMsAra saMtati ke mUla haiM 36 prAcArya kundakunda puNya pApa donoM ko bandhana kA kAraNa mAnate hue bhI donoM ke bandhakatva kA antara bhI spaSTa kara dete haiM / samayasAra grantha meM ve kahate haiM - zubhakarma pApa ( kuzIla) aura zubha karma puNya (suzIla) kahe jAte haiM / kira bhI puNya karma bhI saMsAra ( bandhana) kA kAraNa hotA hai / jisa prakAra svarNa kI ber3I bhI loha ber3I ke samAna hI vyakti ko bandhana meM rakhatI hai / usI prakAra jIva kRta sabhI zubhAzubha karma bhI bandhana kA kAraNa hote haiM" / zrAcArya donoM ko hI zrAtmA kI svAdhInatA meM bAdhaka mAnate haiN| unakI dRSTi meM puNya svarNa kI ber3I hai aura pApa lohe kI ber3I / phira bhI prAcArya puNya ko svarNa ber3I kahakara usakI pApa se kiMcita zreSThatA siddha kara dete haiM / yAcArya amRtacandra kA kahanA hai ki pAramArthika dRSTikoNa se puNya aura pApa donoM meM bheda nahIM kiyA jA sakatA kyoMki grantatogatvA donoM hI bandhana haiM / isI prakAra paM0 jayacandrajI ne bhI kahA hai puNyapApa doukarama, baMdharUpa dui mAni / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 zuddha AtmA jina lahyo, baMdU carana hita jAni / / aneka jainAcAryoM ne puNya ko nirvANa lakSya dRSTi se heya mAnate hue bhI use nirvAraNa kA sahAyaka tatva svIkAra kiyA hai| yadyapi nirvANa kI sthiti ko prApta karane ke lie antatogatvA puNya ko chor3anA hotA hai phira bhI vaha nirvANa meM ThIka usI prakAra sahAyaka hai, jaise sAbuna bastra ke maila ko sApha karane sahAyaka hai / zuddha vastra ke lie sAbuna kA lagA honA bhI jisa prakAra anAvazyaka hai use bhI alaga karanA hotA hai, vaise hI nirvANa yA zuddhAtma dazA meM puNya kA honA bhI anAvazyaka hai use bhI kSaya karanA hotA hai / lekina jisa prakAra sAbuna maila ko sApha karatA hai aura maila kI saphAI hone para svayaM alaga ho jAnA hai - vaise hI puNya bhI pApa rUpa mala ko alaga karane meM sahAyaka hotA hai aura usake alaga ho jAne para svayaM bhI alaga ho jAtA hai| jisa prakAra eraNDa bIja yA anya recaka auSadhi mala ke rahane taka rahatI hai aura mala nikala jAne para vaha bhI nikala jAtI hai vaise hI pApa kI samApti para puNya bhI apanA phala dekara samApta ho jAte haiM / ve kisI bhI nava karma saMtati ko janma nahIM dete haiM / grataH vastutaH vyakti ko azubha karma se bacanA hai| jaba vaha azubha (pApa) karma se Upara uTha jAtA hai usakA karma zubha bana jAtA hai / zeSa para pUrNa vijaya pA jAne para rAga bhI nahIM rahatA hai ataH rAga-dveSa ke abhAva meM usase jo karma nisRta hote haiM ve zuddha (IryApathika) hote haiM / puNya (zubha) karma ke sambandha meM eka mahatvapUrNa tathya yaha hai ki puNyopArjana kI uparokta kriyAe bhI jaba anAsaktabhAva se kI jAtI haiM to ve zubha bandha kA kAraNa na hokara karmakSaya ( saMvara aura nirjarA) kA kAraNa bana jAtI haiM / isI prakAra saMvara aura nirjarA ke kAraNa saMyama aura tapa jaba zrAsaktabhAva 1-33

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evaM phalAkAMkSA (nidAna arthAt unake prati kala ke zubha donoM prakAra ke karmaphaloM se mukta honA / rUpa meM kisI nizcita phala kI kAmanA karanA) se Avazyaka hai / zrIkRSNa svayaM kahate haiM 'he arjuna, tU yukta hote haiM to ve karmakSaya athavA nirvANa kA jo bhI kucha karma karatA hai, jo kucha khAtA hai, jo kAraNa na hokara bandhana kA hI kAraNa banate haiM, kucha havana karatA hai, jo kucha dAna detA hai athavA cAhe unakA phala sUkha ke rUpa meM kyoM nahIM ho| tapa karatA hai vaha sabhI zubhAzubha karma mujhe arpita jainAcAra darzana meM anAsakta bhAva yA rAga dvaSa se kara de arthAt unake prati kisI prakAra kI Asakti rahita hokara kiyA gayA zuddha kArya hI mokSa yA yA kartRtva bhAva mata rakha / isa prakAra sanyAsa-yoga nirvANa kA kAraNa mAnA gayA hai aura prAsakti se se yukta hone para tU zubhAzubha phala dene vAle karma kiyA gayA zubha kArya bhI bandhana kA hI kAraNa bandhana se chUTa jAvegA aura mujhe prApta hovegA / samajhA gayA hai / yahAM para gItA kI anAsakta gItAkAra spaSTa rUpa se yaha svIkAra karatA hai ki karma yoga kI vicAraNA jaina darzana ke atyanta zubha karma aura azubha karma donoM hI bandhana haiM aura samIpa A jAtI hai / jaba darzana kA antima lakSya mukti ke lie unase Upara uThanA Avazyaka hai| prAtmA ko azubha karma se zubha karma kI aora aura buddhimAna vyakti zubha aura azubha yA puNya aura zubha se zuddha karma (vItarAgadazA) kI prApti hai| pApa donoM ko hI tyAga detA hai / 43 sacce bhakta kA AtmA kA zuddhopayoga hI jaina naitikatA kA antima lakSaNa batAte hue punaH kahA gayA hai ki jo zubha sAdhya hai| aura azubha donoM kA parityAga kara cukA hai arthAt bauddha dRSTikoNa-bauddha darzana bhI jaina darzana jo donoM se Upara uTha cukA hai vaha bhaktiyukta puruSa ke samAna hI naitika sAdhanA kI antima avasthA mujhe priya hai / DA0 rAdhAkRSNana ne gItA ke meM puNya aura pApa donoM se Upara uThane kI bAta paricayAtmaka nibandha meM bhI isI dhAraNA ko kahatA hai| bhagavAna buddha suttanipAta meM kahate haiM-jo prastuta kiyA hai| ve prAcArya kundakunda ke sAtha puNya aura pApa ko dUra kara zAMta (sama) ho gayA hai sama svara ho kara kahate haiM 'cAhe hama acchI isa loka aura paraloka (ke yathArtha svarUpa) ko icchAtroM ke vandhana meM bandhe ho yA burI icchAoM jAna kara (karma) raja rahita ho gayA hai jo anya ke, bandhana to donoM hI haiN| isase kyA antara par3atA maraNa se pare ho gayA hai vaha zramaNa sthira, sthitAtmA hai ki jina jaMjIroM meM hama bandhe haiM ve sone kI haiM yA lohe kI 145 jaina darzana ke samAna gItA bhI (tathatA.) kahalAtA hai40 / samiya parivrAjaka dvArA buddha vaMdanA meM puna: isI bAta ko doharAyA gayA hameM yahI batAtI hai ki prathamataH jaba puNya karmoM ke hai / vaha zuddha ke prati kahatA hai jisa prakAra sundara sampAdana dvArA pApa karmoM kA kSaya kara diyA jAtA puNDarIka kamala pAnI meM lipta nahIM hotA. usI hai tadanantara vaha puruSa rAgadveSa ke dvandva se mukta hokara prakAra pApa puNya aura pApa donoM meM lipta nahIM dRr3ha nizcayapUrvaka merI bhakti karatA hai 146 isa hote1 / isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki bauddha vicA- prakAra gItA bhI naitika jIvana ke lie azubha karma raNA kA bhI antima lakSya zubha aura azabha se se zubha karma kI aora aura zubha karma se zuddha yA niSkAma karma kI aora var3hane kA saMketa detI hai / Upara uThanA hai| gItA kA antima lakSya bhI zubhAzubha se Upara gItA kA dRSTikoNa----svayaM gItAkAra ne bhI niSkAma jIvana dRSTi kA nirmANa hai| yaha saMketa kiyA hai ki mukti ke lie zubhA. pAzcAtya dRSTikoNa--pAzcAtya prAcAra darzana 1-34 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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meM aneka vicArakoM ne naitika jIvana ko pUrNatA ke jaina, bauddha aura gItA ke prAcAra darzana isa prazna lie zubhAzubha se pare jAnA prATa zyaka mAnA hai para gaharAI se vicAra karate haiM ki prAcaraNa breDale kA kahanA hai ki naitikatA hameM usase pare (kriyA) evaM bandhana ke madhya kyA sambandha hai ? le jAtI hai / 7 naitika jIvana ke kSetra meM zubha aura kyA karmaNA badhyate bandhuH kI ucita sarvAMza satya azubha kA virodha banA rahatA hai lekina prAtma- hai ? jaina, bauddha evaM gItA kI vicAraNA meM yaha pUrNatA kI avasthA meM yaha virodha nahIM rahanA ukti ki kama se prANI baMdhana meM AtA hai sarvAMza caahie| ata: pUrNa prAtma-sAkSAtkAra ke lie yA nirapekSa satya nahIM hai / prathamataH karma yA kriyA hameM naitikatA ke kSetra (zubhAzubha ke kSetra) se Upara ke sabhI rUpa baMdhana kI dRSTi se samAna nahIM haiM, uThanA hogA / beDale ne naitikatA ke kSetra se Upara phira yaha bhI sambhava hai ki prAcaraNa evaM kriyA ke dharma (prAdhyAtma) kA kSetra mAnA hai, usake anusAra hote. hae bhI koI bandhana nahIM ho| lekina yaha maitikatA kA anta dharma meM hotA hai| jahAM vyakti nirNaya kara pAnA ki bandhaka karma kyA hai aura zubhAzubha ke dvandva se Upara uThakara Izvara se tAdAtmya prabandhaka karma kyA hai, atyanta hI kaThina hai / gItA sthApita kara letA hai / ve likhate haiM ki anta meM kahatI hai karma (baMdhaka karma) kyA hai ? aura akarma hama aise sthAna para pahuMca jAte haiM, jahAM para kriyA (avaMdhaka karma) kyA hai ? isake sambandha meM vidvAna evaM pratikriyA kA anta hotA hai, yadyapi sarvottama bhI mohita ho jAte haiM 149 karma ke yathArtha svarUpa kriyA sarvaprathama yahAM se hI prArambha hotI hai| kA jJAna atyanta gahana viSaya hai| yaha karma samIkSA yahAM para hamArI naitikatA Izvara se tAdAtmya meM kA viSaya atyanta gahana aura duSkara kyoM hai, isa carama avasthA meM phalita hotI hai aura sarvatra hama prazna kA uttara hameM jainAgama sUtrakRtAMga meM bhI usa amara prema ko dekhate haiM, jo sadaiva virodhAbhAsa milatA hai| usameM batAyA gayA hai ki karma, kriyA para vikasita hotA hai, kintu jisameM virodhAbhAsa yA pAcaraNa samAna hone para bhI bandhana kI dRSTi kA sadA ke lie anta ho jAtA hai / 48 se ve bhinna bhinna prakRti ke ho sakate haiN| mAtra braDale ne jo bheda naitikatA aura dharma meM kiyA prAcaraNa, karma yA puruSArtha ko dekhakara yaha nirNaya vaisA hI bheda bhAratIya darzanoM ne vyAvahArika naitikatA denA sambhava nahIM hotA hai, ki vaha naitika dRSTi se aura pAramArthika naitikatA meM kiyA hai| vyAvahArika kisa prakAra kA hai / jJAnI aura ajJAnI donoM hI naitikatA kA kSetra zubhAzubha kA kSetra hai yahAM pAca samAna vIratA ko dikhAte hue (arthAt samAna rUpa se karma karate hue) bhI adhUre jJAnI aura sarvathA raNa kI dRSTi samAja sApekSa hotI hai aura loka maMgala hI usakA sAdhya hotA hai / pAramArthika naiti- ajJAnI kA, cAhe jitanA parAkrama (puruSArtha) ho, katA kA kSetra zuddha cetanA (anAsakta yA vItarAga para azuddha hai aura karma bandhana kA kAraNa hai, paranta jIvana dRSTi) kA hai, yaha vyakti sApekSa hai| vyakti jJAna evaM bodha sahita manuSya kA parAkrama zuddha hai ko bandhana se bacAkara mukti kI aura le jAnA hI aura use usakA kucha phala nahIM bhoganA pdd'taa| isakA antima sAdhya hai| yogyarIti se kiyA huA tapa bhI yadi kIti kI icchA se kiyA gayA ho to zuddha nahIM hotA / 50 zaddha karma (karma)----zuddha karma kA tAtparya usa karma kA bandhana kI dRSTi se vicAra usake bAhya jIvana vyavahAra se hai jisameM kriyAe~ rAga-dveSa se svarUpa ke AdhAra para hI nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai, rahita hotI haiM tathA jo prAtmA ko bandhana meM usameM kartA kA prayojana, kartA kA viveka evaM nahIM DAlatA hai, prabandhaka karma hI zuddha karma hai| dezakAlagata paristhitiyAM bhI mahatvapUrNa tathya haiM mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 1-35

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maura karmoM para aisA sarvAgapUrNa vicAra karane meM vidvat varga bhI kaThinAI meM par3a jAtA hai / karma meM kartA ke prayojana ko jo ki eka prAntarika tathya hai, jAna pAnA sahaja nahIM hotA hai / lekina phira bhI kartA ke lie jo ki apanI manodazA kA jJAtA bhI hai yaha prAvazyaka hai, ki karma aura karma kA yathArtha svarUpa samajhe kyoMki usake abhAva meM mukti sambhava nahIM hai / gItA meM kRSNa arjuna se kahate haiM ki maiM tujhe karma ke usa rahasya ko batAUMgA jise jAnakara tU mukta ho jAvegA 151 vAstavikatA yaha hai ki naitika vikAsa ke lie baMdhaka aura prabaMdhaka karma ke yathArtha svarUpa ko jAnanA Avazyaka hai / baMdhakatva kI dRSTi se karma ke yathArtha svarUpa ke sambandha meM bhAratIya pracAra darzana kA dRSTikoNa nimnA nusAra hai / jaina darzana meM karma prakarma vicAra-karma ke yathArtha svarUpa ko samajhane ke lie usa para do dRSTiyoM se vicAra kiyA jA sakatA hai-'. usakI bandhanAtmaka zakti ke AdhAra para aura 2 usakI zubhAzubhatA ke AdhAra para karma kA badhanAtmaka zakti ke AdhAra para vicAra karane para hama pAte haiN| ki kucha karma bandhana meM DAlate haiM jabaki kucha karma bandhana meM nahIM DAlate haiM ! bandhaka karmoM kA karma zraura prabandhaka karmoM ko akarma kahA jAtA hai / jaina vicAraraNA meM karma aura akarma ke yathArtha svarUpa kI vivecanA sarvaprathama prAcArAMga evaM sUtrakRtAMga meM milatI hai / sUtrakRtAMga meM kahA gayA hai ki kucha karma ko vIrya ( puruSArtha ) kahate haiM, kucha karma ko vIrya ( puruSArtha ) kahate haiM / " isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki kucha vicArakoM kI dRSTi meM sakriyatA yahI puruSArtha yA naitikatA hai jabaki dUsare vicArakoM kI dRSTi meM niSkriyatA hI puruSArtha yA naitikatA hai / isa sambandha meM mahAvIra apane dRSTikoNa ko prastuta 1-36 karate hue, yaha spaSTa karane kA prayAsa karate haiM ki karma kA artha zarIrAdi kI ceSTA evaM akarma kA karma artha zarIrAdi kI ceSTA kA prabhAva aisA nahI mAnanA caahie| ve atyanta sImita zabdoM meM kahate haiM pramAda karma hai apramAda karma hai| 53 pramAda ko karma aura apramAda ko karma kahakara mahAvIra yaha spaSTa kara dete haiM ki akarma niSkriyatA ko avasthA nahIM, vaha to satata jAgarUkatA hai / zrapramatta avasthA yA Atma jAgRti kI dazA meM sakriyatA bhI karma hotI hai jabaki prabhava dazA yA zrAtma jAgRti ke prabhAva meM niSkriyatA bhI karma ( bandhana) bana jAtI hai / vastutaH kisI kriyA kA bandhakatatva mAtra kriyA ke ghaTita hone meM nahIM varan usake pIche rahe hue kaSAya bhAvoM evaM rAga dveSa kI sthiti para nirbhara hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra rAga-dveSa evaM kaSAya, jo ki AtmA kI pramata dazA hai kisI kriyA kA karma banA dete haiM / lekina kaSAya evaM Asakti se rahita hokara kiyA huA karma karma bana jAtA hai / mahAvIra ne spaSTa rUpa se kahA hai ki jo prAzrava yA bandhana kAraka kriyAeM haiM, ve hI anAsakti evaM viveka se samanvita hokara mukti ke sAdhana bana jAtI haiM / 54 prakAra jaina vicAraNA meM karma aura akarma apane bAhya svarUpa kI apekSA karttA ke viveka aura manovRtti para nirbhara hote haiM / jaina vicAraNA meM bandhaka tatva kI dRSTi se kriyAoM ko do bhAgoM meM bAMTA gayA hai / 1 Iya pathika kriyAeM (akarma ) aura 2 - sAmparAyika kriyAeM ( karma yA vikarma ) IryApathika kriyAeM niSkAma vItarAga dRSTi sampanna vyakti kI kriyAeM haiM jo bandhanakAraka nahIM hai jabaki sAmparAyika kriyAeM zrAsakta vyakti kI kriyAeM haiM jo bandhanakAraka haiM / saMkSepa meM ve samasta kriyAeM jo prAzrava evaM bandha kA kAraNa haiM, karma haiM aura ve samasta kriyAeM jo saMvara evaM nirjarA kA hetu hai, prakarma hai| jaina isa mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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dRSTi meM prakarma yA IryApathika karma kA artha hai rAga-dveSa evaM moha rahita hokara mAtra kattavya athavA zarIra nirvAha ke lie kiyA jAne vAlA karma / jabaki karma kA artha hai rAga-dveSa evaM moha sahita kriyAeM / jaina darzana ke anusAra jo kriyA vyApAra rAga-dveSa aura moha se yukta hotA hai bandhana meM DAlatA hai aura isalie vaha karma hai aura jo kriyA vyApAra rAga-dveSa aura moha se rahita hokara karttavya nirvAha yA zarIra nirvAha ke lie kiyA jAtA hai vaha bandhana kA kAraNa nahIM hai ataH akarma hai / jinheM jaina darzana meM IryApathika kriyAeM yA prakarma kahA gayA hai unheM bauddha paramparA anucita, avyakta yA zrakRSNa azukla karma kahatI hai aura jinheM jaina paramparA sAmparAyika kriyAeM yA karma kahatI haiM, unheM bauddha paramparA upacita karma yA kRSNa-zukla karma kahatI hai / Aie jarA isa sambandha meM vistAra se vicAra kareM / bauddha darzana meM karma karma kA vicAra bauddha vicAraNA meM bhI karma aura unake phala dene kI yogyatA ke prazna ko lekara mahAkarma vibhaMga meM, vicAra kiyA gayA hai, jisakA ullekha zrImatI sarmAdAsa guptA ne apane prabandha 'bhArata meM naitika darzana kA vikAsa' meM kiyA hai / 55 bauddha darzana kA pramukha prazna yaha hai ki kauna se karma upacita hote haiM / karma ke upacita se tAtparya saMcita hokara phala dene kI kSamatA ke yogya hone se hai / dUsare zabdoM meM karma ke bandhana kAraka hone se hai / bauddha paramparA kA upacita karma jaina paramparA ke vipAkodayI karma se aura bauddha paramparA kA anupacita karma jaina paraparA ke pradezodayI karma (IryAthika karma) se tulanIya hai / mahAkarma vibhAga meM karma kI kRtyatA aura upacitatA ke sambandha ko lekara karma kA eka catuvi vargIkaraNa prastuta kiyA gayA hai| 1 - ve karma jo kRta (sampAdita) nahIM hai lekina mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 upacita ( phala pradAtA ) hai vAsanAoM ke tIvra pravega se prerita hokara kiye gaye aise karma saMkalpa jo kArya rUpa meM pariNata na ho pAye haiM, isa varSa meM Ate haiN| jaise kisI vyakti ne krodha yA dveSa ke vazIbhUta hokara kisI ko mArane kA saMkalpa kiyA ho, lekina vaha use mArane kI kriyA ko sampAdita na kara sakA ho / 2 - ve karma jo kRta hai aura upacita mI hai ve samasta aicchika karma, jinako saMkalpapUrvaka sampAdita kiyA gayA hai, isa koTi meM Ate haiM / yahAM hameM yaha smaraNa rakhanA cAhie ki prakRta upacita karma aura kRta upacita karma donoM zubha aura azubha donoM prakAra ke ho sakate haiM / 2- ve karma jo kRta haiM lekina upacita nahIM haiM : zrabhidharmakoSa ke anusAra nimna karma kRta hone para upacita nahIM hote haiM arthAt apanA phala nahIM dete haiM : (a) ve karma jinheM saMkalpapUrvaka nahIM kiyA gayA hai arthAt jo sacintya nahIM haiM, upacita hote haiM / ( ba ) ghe karma jo sacintya hote hue bhI sahasA - kRta haiM, upacita nahIM hote haiM / inheM hama zrAkasmika karma kaha sakate haiM / Adhunika manovijJAna meM inheM vicAra prerita karma ( grAiDiyo moTara ekTIviTI) kahA jA sakatA hai | ( sa ) bhrAntivaza kiyA gayA karma bhI upacita nahIM hotA / ( da ) kRta karma ke karane ke pazcAt yadi anutApa yA glAni ho to usakA prakaTana karake pApa virati kA vrata lene se kRta karma upacita, nahIM hotA / 1-37

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(i) zubha kA abhyAsa karane se tathA prAzraya bala se (buddha ke zaraNAgata ho jAne se ) bhI pAva karma upacita nahIM hotA / 4- ve karma jo kRta bhI nahIM haiM aura upacita bhI nahIM haiM : svapnAvasthA meM gaye kie bhI karma bhI isI prakAra ke hote haiM / isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM prathama do vargoM ke karma prANI ko bandhana meM DAlate haiM lekina antima do prakAra ke karma prANI ko bandhana meM nahIM DAlate / bauddha AcAra darzana meM bhI rAga-dveSa aura moha se yukta hone para karma ko baMdhana kAraka mAnA jAtA 'hai jabaki rAga-dva eSa zrora moha se rahita karma ko bandhaka kAraka nahIM mAnA jAtA hai| bauddha darzana bhI rAga-dva eSa aura moha rahita arhat ke kriyA vyA pAra ko bandhana kAraka nahIM mAnatA hai aise karmoM ko akRSNa azukla yA zravyakta karma bhI kahA gayA hai / gItA meM karma-karma kA svarUpa : gItA bhI isa saMbaMdha meM gaharAI se vicAra karatI hai ki kauna sA karma bandhana kAraka aura kauna sA karma bandhana kAraka nahIM hai ? gItAkAra karma ko tIna bhAgoM meM vargIkRta kara dete haiM / 1= karma, 2 - vikarma, 3 karma / gItA ke anusAra karma aura vikarma bandhana kAraka haiM jabaki akarma bandhana kAraka nahIM haiM / (1) karma- - phala kI icchA se jo kiye jAte haiM, usakA nAma karma 1 1-38 zubha (2) vikarma - samasta azubha karma jo vAsanAtroM kI pUrti ke lie kie jAte haiM, vikarma haiM / sAtha hI phala kI icchA evaM azubha bhAvanA se jo dAna, tapa, * sevA Adi zubha karma kiye jAte haiM ve bhI vikarma kahalAte haiN| gItA meM kahA gayA hai jo tapa mUr3hatApUrvaka, haTha se, mana, vANI, zarIra kI pIr3A karma sahita athavA dUsare kA aniSTa karane kI nIyata se kiyA jAtA hai vaha tAmasa kahalAtA hai / 56 sAdhAraraNatayA mana, vAraNI evaM zarIra se hone vAle hiMsA, satya, corI prAdi niSiddha karma vikarma samajhe jAte haiM, parantu ve bAhya rUpa se vikarma pratIta hone vAle karma karttA kI bhAvanAnusAra karma yA prakarma ke rUpa meM badala jAte haiM / prAsakti aura ahaMkAra ke rahita hokara zuddha bhAva dazA meM, evaM mAtra karttavya sampAdana meM hone vAlI hiMsAdi ( jo dekhane meM bikarma se pratIta hotI hai, bhI phalotpAdaka na hone se akarma hI hai 1 ) (3) zrakarma - phalAsakti se rahita hokara apanA karttavya samajha kara jo bhI karma kiyA jAtA usa karma kA nAma akarma hai| gItA ke anusAra paramAtmA meM abhinna bhAva se sthita hokara kartApana ke abhimAna se rahita puruSa dvArA jo karma kiyA jAtA hai, vaha mukti ke atirikta anya phala nahIM dene vAlA hone se karma hI hai / karma kI artha vivakSA para tulanAtmaka dRSTi se vicAra: jaisA ki hamane dekhA jaina, bauddha zraura gItA ke pracAra darzana kriyA vyApAra ko baMdhakatva kI dRSTi se do bhAgoM meM bAMTa dete haiM / 1- baMdhaka karma, aura 2 - prabaMdhaka karma / abaMdhaka kriyA vyApAra kA jaina darzana meM akarma kA IryApathika karma / bauddha darzana meM prakRSNa - prazukla karma yA avyakta karma tathA gItA meM akarma kahA gayA hai / prathamataH sabhI samAlocya zrAcAra darzanoM kI dRSTi meM prakarma kriyA kA prabhAva nahIM hai| jaina vicAraNA ke zabdoM meM karma prakRti ke udaya ko samajha kara binA rAga dveSa ke, jo karma hotA hai, vaha vANI, zarIra kI kriyA ke prakarma hI hai mana, prabhAva kA nAma hI karma nahIM | gItA ke anusAra vyakti kI manodazA ke zrAdhAra kriyA na karane vAle vyaktiyoM kA kriyA tyAga rUpa akarma bhI karma bana sakatA hai aura mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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kriyAzIla vyaktiyoM kA karma bhI prakarma bana sakatA dekhate hue bhI nahIM dekhatA hai| prAcArya amRtacaMdra hai / gItA kahatI hai karma ndriyoM kI saba kriyAoM ko sUrI kA kathana hai--rAgAdiki (bhAvoM) se mukta tyAga kriyA rahita puruSa jo apane ko sampUrNa hakara AcaraNa karate hue yadi hiMsA (prANaghAta) kriyAoM kA tyAgI samajhatA hai, usake dvArA prakaTa ho jAye to vaha hiMsA nahIM hai arthAt hiMsA aura rUpa se koI kAma hotA huA, na dIkhane para bhI ahiMsA, pApa aura puNya bAhya pariNAmoM para nirbhara tyAga kA abhimAna yA prAgraha rakhane ke kAraNa nahIM hote haiM varan usameM kartA kI cittavRtti hI usame vaha tyAga rUpa karma hotA hai / usakA vaha pramukha hai| utarAdhyayana sUtra meM bhI spaSTa rUpa se tyAga kA abhimAna yA prAgraha, akama ko bhI karma kahA gayA hai-bhAvoM se virakta jIva zoka rahita banA detA hai / isI prakAra kazya prApta hone ho jAtA hai vaha kamala patra kI taraha saMsAra meM para bhaya yA svArthavaza kartavya karma se muha mor3anA, rahate hue bhI lipta nahIM hotaa| gItAkAra bhI vihita karmoM kA tyAga kara denA Adi meM bhI karma isI vicAra dRSTi ko prastuta karate hue kahatA hai nahIM hote, parantu isa akama dazA meM bhI bhaya yA rAga jisane karma phalAsakti kA tyAga kara diyA hai, jo bhAva akarma ko bhI karma banA detA hai / 60 jabaki vAsanA zunya hone ke kAraNa sadaiva hI AkAMkSA anAsakta vRtti aura kartavya kI dRSTi se jo karma rahita hai aura Atmatatva meM sthira hone ke kAraNa kiyA jAtA hai, vaha rAga-dveSa ke abhAva ke kAraNa pAlambana rahita hai vaha kriyAnoM ko karate hue bhI prakarma bana jAtA hai| upayukta vivecanA se spaSTa kUcha nahIM karatA hai| gItA kA akarma jaina darzana hai ki karma aura akarma kA nirNaya kevala zArIrika ke saMvara aura nirjarA se bhI tulanIya hai| jisa kriyAzIlatA yA niSkriyatA se nahIM hotA / kartA prakAra jaina darzana meM saMvara evaM nirjarA ke hetu kiyA ke bhAvoM ke anusAra hI karmoM kA svarUpa banatA hai| jAne vAlA samasta kriyA vyApAra mokSa kA hetu isa rahasya ko samyakoraNa jAnane vAlA hI hone se akarma hI mAnA gayA hai, usI prakAra gItA gItAkAra ko dRSTi se manuSyoM se buddhimAna yogI meM bhI phalAkAMkSA se rahita hokara IzvarIya Adeza hai| sabhI vivecya prAcAra darzanoM meM karma akarma ke pAlanArtha jo niyata karma kiyA jAtA hai vaha vicAra meM vAsanA, icchA, yA kartRtva bhAva hI prakarma hI mAnA gayA hai / donoM meM jo vicAra pramukha tatva mAnA gayA hai / yadi karma ke sampAdana sAmpa hai vaha eka tulanAtmaka adhyetA ke lie kAphI meM vAsanA, icchA yA kartRtva buddhi kA bhAva nahIM mahatvapUrNa hai| gItA aura jainAgama prAcArAMga meM to vaha karma bandhana kAraka nahIM hotA hai / dUsare milane vAlA nimna vicArasAmya hI vizeSa rUpeNa zabdoM meM bandhana kI dRSTi se vaha karna akarma bana draSTavya hai| prAcArAMga sUtra meM kahA gayA hai 'agrajAtA hai, vaha kriyA prakriyA ho jAtI hai / vastutaH karma aura mUla karma ke bhedoM meM viveka rakhakara hI karma akarma vicAra meM kriyA pramukha tatva nahIM hotI karma kara / aise karmoM kA kartA hone para bhI vaha hai pramukha tatva haiM karttA kA cetana pakSa / yadi cetanA sAdhaka niSkarma hI kahA jAtA hai / niSkarmatA ke jAgrata hai, apramatta hai, vizuddha hai, vAsanA zUnya hai, jIvana meM upAdhiyoM kA prAdhikya nahIM hotA, lekina SArtha dRSTi sampanna hai to phira kiyA kA bAhya pradarzana nahIM hotA / usakA zarIra mAtra yoga kSetra | svarUpa adhika mUlya nahIM rakha sakatA / pUjyapAda kA (zArIrika kriyAnoM kA vAhaka) hotA hai| kahate haiM jo prAtmatatva meM sthira hai vaha bolate hue gItA kahatI hai ---AtmavijetA, indriyajita sabhI bhI nahIM bolatA hai, calate hue bhI nahIM calatA hai, prANiyoM ke prati samabhAva rakhane vAlA vyakti karma bahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 1-39 |

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kA kartA hone para niSkarma kahA jAtA hai / vaha karma samAviSTa hai| sUtra kRtAMga ke anumAra jo pravRtiyA~ se lipta nahIM hotA / jo phalAsakti se mukta hokara pramAda rahita haiM, ve akarma haiN| tIrtha karoM kI saMgha karma karatA hai vaha naiSThika zAnti prApta karatA hai| pravartana prAdi loka kalyANa kAraka pravRtiyAM evaM lekina jo phalAsakti se bandhA huaA hai vaha kucha sAmAnya sAdhaka ke karmakSaya (nirjarA) ke hetu kiye nahIM karatA huaA bhI karma bandhana se bandha jAtA gaye sabhI sAdhanAtmaka karma akarma hai| saMkSepa meM jo hai| gItA kA uparokta kathana sUtrakRtAMga ke karma rAga-dveSa se rahita hone se bandhana kAraka nahIM nimna kathana se bhI kAphI nikaTatA rakhatA hai| haiM ve akarma hI haiN| gItA rahasya meM bhI tilakajI sUtrakRtAMga meM kahA gayA hai-mithyA dRSTi vyakti kA ne yahI dRSTikoNa prastuta kiyA hai-karma aura sArA puruSArtha phalAsakti se yukta hone ke kAraNa akama kA jo vicAra karanA ho to vaha itanI azuddha hotA hai aura bandhana kA hetu hai| lekina hI dRSTi se karanA cAhie. ki manuSya ko vaha karma samyak dRSTi vAle vyakti kA sArA puruSArtha zuddha hai. kahA~ taka baddha karegA, karane para bhI jo karma kyoMki vaha nirvANa kA hetu hai| hameM vaddha nahIM kahatA usake viSaya meM kahanA cAhie isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki donoM hI prAcAra ki usakA karmatva athavA vandhakatva naSTa ho darzanoM meM akarma kA artha niSkriyatA to vivakSita. gyaa| yadi kisI bhI karma kA bandhakatva arthAt nahIM hai lekina phirabhI tilakajI ke anusAra yadi karmatva isa prakAra naSTa ho jAya to phira vaha karma isakA artha niSkAma buddhi se kiye gaye pravRtimaya akarma hI humA-~-karma ke bandhakatva se yaha nizcaya sAMsArika karma mAnA jAya to vaha buddhi saMgata kiyA jAtA hai ki vaha kama hai yA akama / / 3 jaina nahIM hogaa| jaina vicAraNA ke anusAra niSkAma aura bauddha prAcAra darzana meM arhata ke kriyA vyApAra buddhi se yukta hokara athavA vItarAgAvasthA meM sAMsA- ko tathA gItA meM sthita prajJa ke kriyA vyApAra ko rika pravRtimaya karma kA kiyA jAnA hI sambhava bandhana aura vipAka rahita mAnA gayA hai, kyoMki nahIM hai| tilakajI ke anusAra niSkAma buddhi se arhata yA sthitaprajJa meM rAga-dveSa aura moha rUpI yukta ho yuddha lar3A jA sakatA hai, lekina jaina vAsanAoM kA pUrNatayA prabhAva hotA hai ataH usakA darzana ko yaha svIkAra nahIM hai / 70 usakI dRSTi kriyA vyApAra bandhana kAraka nahIM hotA hai aura meM akarma kA artha mAtra zArIrika anivArya karma hI . isalie vaha akarma kahA jAtA hai| isa prakAra abhipreta hai| jaina darzana kI IryApathika kriyAe tInoM hI AdhAra darzana isa sambandha meM eka mata haiM pramukhatayA anivArya zArIrika kriyAe hI haiM / "1 ki vAsanA evaM kaSAya se rahita niSkAma karma gItA meM bhI prakarma kA artha zArIrika anivArya akarma hai aura vAsanA sahita sakAma karma hI karma karma ke rUpa meM grahita hai / (4/21) AcArya zaMkara hai bandhana kAraka hai| ne apane gItAbhASya meM anivArya zArIrika karmoM . uparokta prAdhAroM para se niSkarSa nikAlA jA ko akarma kI koTi meM mAnA hai| lekina thor3I sakatA hai ki karma akarma vivakSA meM kama kA caitaadhika gaharAI se vicAra karane para hama pAte haiM sika pakSa hI mahatvapUrNa kArya karatA hai / kaunasA karma ki jaina vicAraNA meM bhI prakarma anivArya zArI- bandhana kAraka hai aura kaunasA karma bandhana kAraka rika kriyAoM ke atirikta nirapekSa rUpa se nahIM hai isakA nirNaya kriyA ke bAhya svarUpa se janakalyANArtha kiye jAne vAle karma tathA karmakSaya nahIM varan kriyA ke mUla meM nihita cetanA kI ke hetu kiyA jAne vAlA tapa svAdhyAya Adi bhI rAgAtmakatA ke prAdhAra para hogaa| paM. 1-40 _mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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mahAvIra jayantI samAroha 1977 jalUsa kA eka vihaMgama dRzya

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sukha nAlajI karma kI bhUmikA meM likhate haiM ki (rAgAdibhAva) nahIM hai to Upara kI koI bhI kriyA sAdhAraNa loga yaha samajha baiThate haiM ki amuka kAma prAtmA ko bandhana meM rakhane meM samartha nahIM hai| nahIM karane se apane ko puNya pApa kA lepa nahIM isase ulTA yadi kaSAya kA vega bhItara vartamAna lagegA / isase ve kAma ko chor3a dete haiM para bahudhA hai to Upara se hajAra yatna karane para bhI koI apane unakI mAnasika kriyA nahIM chUTa tii| isase ve ko bandhana se chur3A nahIM sktaa|-isii se yaha icchA rahane para bhI puNya pApa ke lepa (bandha) se kahA jAtA hai ki prAsakti chor3akara jo kAma apane ko mukta nahIM kara sakate / -- yadi kaSAya kiyA jAtA hai vaha bandhaka nahIM hotA hai| 1. abhidhAna rAjendra khaNDa 5 pR0 876 2. bola saMgraha, bhAga 3, pR0 182 3. bauddha darzana aura anya bhAratIya darzana pR0 480 4. abhidhammatthasaMgaho, pR0 19-20 5. manusmRti 12/5-7 6. tatvArtha0, pR0 6/ 4 7. yogazAstra 4/107 8. sthAnAMga TI. 1/11-12 9-10. jainadharma, pR0 84 11. bhagavatI 7/10/12 12. sthAnAMga 9, 13. abhidhammattha saMgaho (caitasika vibhAga) 14. gItA 18/17 15. dhammapada 249 16. sUtrakRtAMga 2/6/27-42 17. jaina dharma, pR0 160 18. darzana aura cintana khaNDa 2, pR0 226 19. sUtrakRtAMga 2/6/27-42 20. sUtrakRtAMga 1/1/24-27-29 21. dekhiye 18 pApa sthAna pratikramaNasUtra 22. anuyogadvAra sUtra 129 23. dazavai0 4/9 24. sUtrakRtaoNga 2/2/4/pR0 104 25. dazavai0 6/11 26. sUtranipAta 37/27 27. dhammapada 129-131-132 28. gItA 6/32 29. ma0mA0 zA0 258/21 30-31. ma0bhA0anu0 113/6-10 32. ma0bhA0 subhASita saMgraha se uddhRta 33. nIti sarva pR0 268 se uddhRta 34. uttarA0 28/14 35. tatvArtha0 1/4 36. isi0 9/2 37. samayasAra 145-146 38. pravacanasAra TIkA 1/72 39. samayasAra TIkA pR0 20740. sUttanipAta 32/11 41. sUttanipAta 32/38. 42. gItA 9/28 43. gItA 2/50 44. gItA 12/16 45. bhagavat gItA (rA0) pR0 5646. gItA 7/28 47. ithikala sTaDIja, pR0 314 48. ithikala ja sTIDIja, pR0 342 49. gItA 4/16 50. sUtrakRtAMga 1/8/22-24 51. gItA 4/16 52. sUtrakRtAMga 1/8/1-2 53. sUtrakRtAMga 1/8/3 54. prAcArAga 7.4/2, 1 55. DevalapamenTa Apha mArala philAsaphI ina iMDiyA, pR0 168-174 56. gItA 27/19 57. gItA 18/17 58. gItA 3/10 59. gItA 3/6 60. gItA 18/17 61. gItA 4 18 62. iSTopadeza 41 63. puruSArtha 45 64, uttarA 32 99 65. gItA 4/20 66. AcArAMga 1/3/2/4, 1/3/1/110 dekhie prAcArAMga (saMtabAla) pariziSTha pR0 36-37 67. gItA 5/7, 5/12 68. sUtrakRtAMga 1/8/22-23 69. gIta rahasya 4/16 (TippaNI) 70. sUtrakRtAMga 2-2/12 71. gItA (zAM0) 4/51 72. gItA bhASya 73. gItA rahasya pR0 68474. pIche dekhie-naitika niryAya kA viSaya, pR0 75. karmagrantha-prathama bhAga bhUmikA, pR0 25-26 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 1-41

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1-42 OM zrI vIra stavana 5 OM DA0 var3akula DI. ela. jaina 'dhavala' barelI ma.pra. phra ****************** mhAre mana mandira meM zrAna, padhAro mahAvIra bhagavAna || Teka // huA thA pApa timira saba dUra, kiyA mithyAsa tumhI ne cUra / tumhI tama dUra kiyA ajJAna, miTAI jaga se hiMsA mana / / 1 / / kiyA mana indrabhUti kA zuddha, kahAye gotama-gaNI prabuddha | prasArA vizva anantA jJAna, liyA bahu prANita zivasthAna || 2 || dekhakara jyotiSa phala zravaruddha, darza kara puSpaka huA vizuddha / taje saba pothI pRSTha, mlAna, kiyA tapa pAyA mokSa-sopAna || 6 // huA Azcarya araNya - vizAla, kAliyA tar3apA dukha se vyAla | kSamA kara dInA mantra mahAn milA taba usako svarga -vimAna // 4 // kareM prabhu hama vinatI kara jora na pAveM phira se jIvana aura / ho aisA 'dhavala' zrAtmA jJAna, kareM adha pAveM mukti-nidAna / / 5 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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lakSya kI prApti kA prayatna hI sAdhanA hai| prAyaH sabhI bhAratIya dArzanikoM kA lakSya mukti lAbha hai| isa hetu pratyeka dArzanika ne sAdhanA pati kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / mahAvIra darzana kI bhI apanI sAdhanA paddhati hai| vata, tapa, dhyAna, svAdhyAya, pUjA pATha prAdi saba usI sAdhanA ke aMga haiM / isa sAdhanA paddhati meM chipe rahasya kA, vAstavika sAdhanA ke svarUpa kA digdarzana pAThaka cintanazIla racanAkAra ko isa racanA meM paaveNge| --polyAkA - jaina sAdhanA kA rahasya * zrI jamanAlAla jaina, sahasampAdaka 'zramaNa' AI. TI. AI. ror3a vArANasI-5 sAdhanA vaha vaicArika prakriyA tathA sAmAjika balki mRtyu ke kSaNa taka calatA rahatA hai| yaha nAcaraNa athavA zAmika anuzAsana hai jisake eka prakAra kI sAdhanA hI hai| abhyAsa dvArA hama apane vyaktitva ko sArthaka jIvana nirantara gatizIla hai aura hamArI karanA cAhate haiN| vyaktitva kI sArthakatA kA sabai mAvazyakatAeM isa gatizIlatA ke AdhAra para prathama eva mUlabhUta prAdhAra hamArA zarIra hai / hama ghaTatI-bar3hatI rahatI haiN| prArambha meM yAnI bAlyakAla zAstroM kA, mata-matAntaroM kA, paramparAmoM kA, meM hameM isa jIvana kI gatizIlatA kA jJAna nahIM prAdhyAtmika jAti kA abhyAsa evaM prayAsa kara rahatA, isalie AvazyakatAeM bhI sImita hotI yA na kareM, hameM jo zarIra prApta hai usako TikAe haiN| jaise-jaise manu ya apanI gatizIlatA athavA rakhane, use sakSama banAne evaM usase kAma lene ke vyaktitva ko samajhane lagatA hai vaise-vaise usakI lie nitAMta Avazyaka hai ki use sAdhA jaay| Tranam zrI vyApaka mi fair mADI AvazyakatAe bhI vyApaka evaM virATa rUpa letI jAna anajAna hamArA zarIra janma ke kSaNa se sakriya hai| khAne-pIne, nahAne-dhone, uThane baimne, calanerahatA hai| pravRti isameM sahAyaka hotI hai / mAtA-phirane, sone-jAgane, pahanane-aor3hane jaisI sAmAnya pitA kA yA parivAra kA vAtAvaraNa isameM sahAyaka pratIta hone vAlI bAtoM meM bhI manaSya Age calakara hotA hai| zarIra vikAsa ka sAtha-sAtha jyoM-jyoM kAphI sAvadhAna evaM jAgarUka hone lagatA hai aura ina mAnasika vikAsa hotA hai, bauddhika kSamatA bar3hatI hai| bAtoM kI bhI AcAra saMhitA usake mAnasa para chA tyoM-tyoM hamArI prakriyAeM evaM pravRttiyAM bhI nae- jAtI hai| paramparA, saMskAra, sAmAjika vyavahAra 'nAga nae rUpa grahaNa karatI haiN| aura yaha krama eka do rika ziSTa cAra evaM kAnUna ke sandarbha meM vikAsavarSa taka yA dasa-bIsa varSa taka hI nahIM calatA, mAn manuSya apane jIvana kA, usakI gatizIlatA mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 1-43

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kA mUlyAMkana karatA hai evaM use sArthaka siddha karane sahaja mAnI jAne vAlI kriyAnoM athavA pravRttiyoM meM ke lie apanI sahaja kriyAoM ko vaidhAnika jAmA sampUrNa vizva kI prAtma-sAvanA kA ummaSa karane pahanA detA hai / kA mahAna prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| yaha sAdhAraNa ghaTanA nahIM hai jabaki ajuna zrIkRSNa se yA pazu-pakSiyoM kI inhIM sahaja pravRttiyoM ko hama gaNadhara gautama mahAvIra se sAdhAraNa sI prIta sAdhanA nahIM kahate, kyoMki unakI ina sahaja hone vAlI uThane-baiThane, calane-phirane, khAne-pIne pravRttiyoM yA kArya-kalApoM meM kabhI koI vikAsa ra kriyAnoM ke viSaya meM mArga-darzana cAhate haiN| nahIM huA / sarakasa meM kAma karane vAle yA viziSTa saMsthAnoM meM prayojanavaza prazikSita pazunoM ke vyava- vastuta: dekhA jAya to sampUrNa mAnava jIvana hAra-vizeSa ko sAdhanA avazya kaha sakate haiN| hI sAdhanA maya hai| jIvana apane meM sAdhanA hI hai / kintu isakI bhI eka maryAdA hai| manuSya kI aisI jaise pratyeka vyakti kA jIvana advitIya hotA hai, maryAdA nahIM hai, sImA nahIM hai| mamUlya hotA hai, vaise hI sAdhanA bhI anantarUpiNI hai| sAmAnyataH samAna pratIta hone vAlI eka choTI manuSya eka aisA prANI hai jo apanI pratyeka sI dainika kriyA bhI pratyeka vyakti kI bhinna hotI pravRtti, pratyeka karma evaM pratyeka bhAvanA ke sAtha aura eka vyakti kI bhI vaha dainika kriyA pratidina vikAsazIla rahA hai aura isI prakAra usane jJAna- eka sI nahIM raha pAtI / aisA na ho to manuSya jar3a vijJAna kA pratulya, akUta koSa apane meM samAhita ho jAyegA, usake jJAna kA srota sUkha jAyegA, karatA gayA hai| usakA Atma-dIpaka bujha jaayegaa| saMsAra ke aneka dharmoM ne mAnavIya kSamatA ke phira bhI sAdhanA ko bhautika, naitika, evaM vikAsa ko dhyAna meM rakhakara, apane-apane samaya meM prAdhyAtmika ina tIna vargoM meM vibhAjita kara sakate vyaktitva kI sArthakatA ke kaI mAyAma udaghATita haiN| inheM hama vyaktiparaka, samaSTiparaka evaM Atmakiye / khAna-pAna tathA calane-phirane se lekara paraka bhI kaha sakate haiM / bhautika sAdhanA meM ve saba pAtmasiddhi yA paramAtma-prApti taka; samagra jIvana cIjeM lI jA sakatI haiM, jo zarIra saMracanA se ko samaTane vAlI hajAroM-hajAra kriyAoM para dharma- lekara jIvana-saMrakSaNa taka pAtI haiN| inameM kisI pravartakoM ne yA anubhavI mahApuruSoM ne apane vicAra sImA taka zarIra zuddhi ko bhI jor3A jA sakatA prakaTa kiye haiN| choTI se choTI kriyA ko bhI hai| apanI prAvazyakatAnoM kI pUrti evaM upabhoga ke unhoMne sAdhanA kA svarUpa diyaa| pratyeka kriyA lie kiyA jAne vAlA prayAsa isameM pA jAtA hai / ko dharmamaya kahakara unhoMne kriyA kI prANa-pratiSThA naitika sAdhanA kA kSetra vyakti se Upara uThakara kii| isase kriyAnoM kI garimA baDhI, unake prati samAja taka bar3ha jAtA hai| vyakti ko samAja meM, sajagatA bar3hI aura pArasparika vyavahAra meM cetanatA sabake sAtha rahanA hai, samAja ke prati usake aneka kA praveza huA / jaise kalAkAra pASANa ke kaNa- kartavya evaM dAyitva hote haiM, apane samparka meM Ane kaNa meM virATa saundarya kI anubhUti karate hue mUrti vAloM ke prati udAratA, mRdutA, vinayazIlatA kA kA nirmANa karake apanI sampUrNa cetanA-UrjA bartAva karanA par3atA hai / ina saba ke lie use usameM ur3ela detA hai aura vaha mUrti hamAre samakSa sAmAjika niyamoM kA pAlanA karanA par3atA jIvanta ho uThatI hai, vaise hI manuSya jIvana kI hai| sAmAjika dharAtala para vyakti 1-44 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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jaba apane jIvana ko tolatA hai, taba usakA jAtA hai, taba prAcAra meM jar3atA A jAtI hai / isa prAcAra naitika niyamoM ke pAlana meM vyakti ko jar3atA ke nivAraNa ke lie bhI prayAsa karanA apane parivAra, pAsa-par3osa, gAMva tathA rAjya-rASTra par3atA hai| bhAratIya dharmoM meM vaidika, jaina aura ke lie tyAga bhI karanA par3atA hai, kyoMki usake bauddha apanI vizeSatA evaM mahattA rakhate haiM / vaidika jIvana kA vikAsa bhI samAja ke anekamukhI tyAga dharma kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA yaha hai ki svataMtra para nirbhara karatA hai / ahiMsA Adi pAMcavrata, maitrI ciMtakoM ke kAraNa usameM yugAnukUla pravRttiyoM kA pramoda prAdi bhAvanAe paraspara upagraha prAdi naitika samAveza hotA gayA aura vyakti ko yaha svataMtratA sAdhanA ke sAdhana haiN| rahI ki cAhe jisa mArga ko apanA kara kalyAraNa sAdhanA kare / jaina dharma kI sAdhanA paddhati mUla meM tIsarI bhUmikA prAdhyAtmika hai / prAdhyAtmika eka prakAra kI rahI, usake sAdhanoM meM yadakadA kucha sAdhanA meM vyakti zarIra evaM sAmAjika ma diAproM heraphera hotA rahA / jaina sAdhanA kA maulika se Upara uTha kara aisI bhUmikA meM praveza karatA hai prAdhAra dArzanika vicAra rahA bo vaidika dharma se jahAM Asakti aura prAkulatA nAma kI koI cIja sarvathA bhinna hai| nahIM raha jAtI / dhIre-dhIre vaha zarIra-zuddhi karate hue pAtma zuddhi kI sthiti ko upalabdha karanA vAdaka dharma ne jahA~ kama, bhakti, aura jJAna para apanA lakSya banA letA hai| mAnasika evaM zArI- sAdhanA kA bhavana nirmita kiyA vahAM jaina dharma ne rika vikAroM ko dUra karane ke lie vaha mAsana darzana, jJAna aura cAritra kI ekatA para bala diyA dhyAna, prANAyAma Adi ke prayoga karatA hai aura jaina sAdhanA kA lakSya hA paramAtma-pada kI prApti apane astitva kA ciMtana karatA hai| dhAmika pari. jaba ki vaidika sAdhanA kA lakSya rahA hai paramAtmA bhASA meM aise vyakti sAdhu-saMnyAsI yA zramaNa kahe meM lInatA / isI lie hama dekhate hai ki jaina manIjAte haiN| inakI prAcAra saMhitA bilakula alaga SiyoM ne vaidika dharma ke kriyAkAMDo meM prArahI jar3atA prakAra kI hotI hai / sampUrNa, jIba sRSTi evaM kA pUrI zakti ke sAtha virodha kiyA / jaTA prakRti ke sAtha prAtma-bha ba sthApita karane kI dizA bar3hAnA, nI meM snAna karanA, zrAddha karanA, tarpaNa meM unakI hara kriyA itanI sAvadhAnIpUrvaka hotI hai karanA, sUryAdi grahaNa ke sAtha vrata-dAna karanI ki kabhI-kabhI prabodha mana ko ye saba bAteM hAsyA- yajJopavIta dhAraNa karanA, Adi saikar3oM kriyAoM spada bhI lagatI haiN| apane zarIra ke prati anAsakta ko sAdhanA kA aga mAnane se jaino ne inakAra yA udAsIna hokara samasta jIvoM ke zarIroM meM karake sAdhanA ke kSetra meM mahAn krAnti kI thA prapane ko aura apane meM sRSTi-vigraha ko samAhita isameM saMdeha nhiiN| karane kI yaha sAdhanA itanI sUkSma evaM kaThina hotI hai ki nirantara abhyAsa ke bAvajUda phisalane kA jaina sAdhanA kI gati vItarAgatA kI aura hai / bhautika sukha suvidhAoM athavA bAhya samRddhi kA Dara rahatA hai| jIvana meM koI mahatva yahAM svIkAra nahIM kiyA prAdhyAtmika sAdhanA ko prAyaH sabhI dharmoM ne gayA jo yaha mAnatA hai ki maiM sukhI-dukhI hUM, rAjA mahatva diyA hai / sabake apane-apane mArga haiM, vidhiyAM raMka hU~, sundara-asundara hUM, sampanna-vipanna hU~, vaha haiM aura prAcAragata vizeSatAeM haiM / jaba sAdhya jaina dharma kI dRSTi meM bahirAtmA hai / bahirAtmA vaha projhala ho jAtA hai aura sAdhana hI pramukha bana jo mohAsakta hai, mithyA meM jItA hai aura jise mahAbIra jayantI smArikA 78 1-45

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apane astitva kI yathArthatA kA patA nahIM hai| aise : se palAyana nahIM karatA aura na yaha abhivyakta hone vyakti ko jaina dharma behoza kahatA hai / vaha moha detA hai ki vaha kisI bhI prakAra se asAmAnya yA kI mahAvArUNI piye hue hai / vaha jAnakara bhI : viziSTa hai / bhautika sAmagrI vA vaibhava ko saccA nahIM jAnatA, dekhakara bhI nahIM dekhatA / jaba guru: sAdhaka prAtmabhAva se dekhatA hai aura unakA upa. prasAda se bahirAtmA ko apane astitva kA, apane yoga prAdhya tmika dRSTi se karatA hai / yahAM phira jIvana ke mUlya kA jJAna hotA hai aura saMsAra kI vahI bAta doharAne kI jo karatA hai ki kalAkAra nazvaratA kA darzana khulI A~kho se karatA hai, to ke lie patthara kA choTA sA kara bhI usakI vizAla vaha ina sabase virakta hokara aMtarmukha ho jAtA evaM vyApaka bhagavat bhAvanA kA aza hai| apane hai| taba use sArA bAhya vaibhava, mAyA aura chalAvA karma ko vyakti jaba sarvAtmabhAva se sampanna karatA lagane lagatA hai| vaha taba nirgrantha ho jAtA hai| hai aura usameM upakA svArtha tirohita ho jAtA hai, samasta granthiyoM ko kholakara unmukta ho jAtA hai| taba vaha kevala karma nahIM raha jAtA-vaha akarma hI sAre bAhya saundarya meM use viruupt| dikhAI dene ho jAtA hai| yogIndu deva ne likhA hailagatI hai| eka jAjvalyamAna prAtmA kA smaraNa vaha karatA hai| bheda vijJAna usameM jAga jAtA hai, jahi bhAvai tahi jahi jiya jaMbhAvai kari taMji ! aura vaha apanA hI dIpaka bana jAtA hai| kemvai mokSa atthi para cinahaM suddhi raNaMja ji / / . paramAtmaprakAza, 2/70 jaina-sAdhanA kI kucha paddhati to hai, para paddhati kA upayoga sAdhana: ke taura para hI kiyA jAtA -he jIva jahA~ khuzI ho jAno aura jo marjI hai| antataH to saba paddhatiyoM se pare hone para hI ho kage, kiMtu jaba taka citta zuddha nahIM ho taba sAdhya kI upalabdhi hotI hai| paddhatiyAM to phisa. taka mokSa nahIM milegaa| lana se, bhaTakAva se bacane ke lie saketa mAtra hai| jaina zramaNa paraMparA kI yaha anokhI vizeSatA paddhatiyAM to anubhaviyoM ke prayoga haiM jinase sabaka rahI hai ki hasyavarga se niraMtara saMparka rakhate hue lekara sAdhaka ko apanA mArga taya karanA hai| bhI, unase pratidina AhArAdi prApta karate hue bhI ___ prazna yaha hai ki kyA bhautikatA ko adhyAtma zramaNa AkAkSAyoM se pare rahate haiM aura bhrAmarImeM pariNata kiyA jA sakatA hai? bhautikatA kI vRtti se vicaraNa karate haiN| phUla me apanI prAvanindA karanA aura use chor3akara jaMgala kA rAstA zyakatA bhara kA parAga grahaNa karane vAle bhramara kA apanA lenA kaThina nahIM hai, kintu isameM sAdhanA kA kA jIvana jaina zramaraNoM kI carcA ke lie uttama dRSTAsUtra hAtha se chaTa jAtA hai / pacendriya ke viSayoM para nta rUpa meM prastuta kiyA jAtA hai| vijaya prApta karane ke lie zAstroM meM aneka upAyoM ' jaina dharma yA darzana ka" apanA karma siddhAnta se kA ullekha milatA hai aura yaha bhI ki ghara chor3a hai| usakA bhAgya yA kartavya se dUra kA bhI saMbadha kara anagAra bana jAnA caahie| aneka sAdhaka nahIM hai / yaha karma siddhAnta dArzanika nippatti hai muniveza dhAraNa karake vicaraNa bhI karate haiM / prAra- jisake anusAra vyarita samdhaka zraddhA, samyakjJAna mibhaka abhyAsa kI dRSTi se isakA mahatva avazya evaM samyaka caritra ke samanvita mArga para, saMtulanahai, kintu samyaksAdhanA meM yaha saba bAta gauNa ho pUrvaka sAdhanA karatA hA apane sAdhya ko prApta jAtI haiM / samyak sAdhanA meM vyakti kahIM kisI karatA hai / vaha tyAgane ke lie kucha nahIM tyAgatA, 1-46 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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grahaNa karane ke lie kucha grahaNa nahIM krtaa| lAkha bAta kI bAta yaha nizcaya ura laayoH| usakA lakSya hotA hai apanI cetanA meM se saba chor3a sakala jaga daMda-phaMda nija prAtama dhyAro / / prakAra kI jar3atA-AjIvatA ko samApta karanA athavA nirjIvatA mAtra ko apanI cetanA yA sphU / ....... apanI AtmA kA dhyAna yA cintana svArtha tidvArA sajIva banAkara usake prati samabhAva sthA nahIM hai kyoMki prAtmA kI zakti parimita nahIM , hai aura usakI jyoti brahmANDavyApI hai| eka pita krnaa| prAtmA meM sarvazakti kA nivAsa hai, isalie vaha jainAcAryoM ne vyartha sAdhanAoM ko koI mahatva vizva kalyANa se viparIta sthiti nahIM hai| nahIM diyaa| bhau ikatA meM race pace logoM ke lie bhagavAna mahAvIra ne sUtra rUpa meM kahA hai- jo eka aisI sAdhanAe haiM jo AkarSaNa kA kAraNa bana sakatI ko jAnatA hai vaha sabako jAnatA hai| hama saba hai prora jina meM kisI anokhI camatkRti kA darzana apane ko pahacAna leM vizva to taba jAnA huA hI hotA hai / ve jana pUjya bhI bana jAte haiM / pAnI para samabho / lekina vAstavikatA yaha hai ki manuSya calanA, dIvAla ko calA denA, dina meM tAre ugA nAnAveza yA rUpa dhAraNa karake bhI apane ko nahIM denA, manacAhI vastu ko nimiSa mAtra meM upasthita / jAna paataa| usakI prAMkhe nirantara apane se bAhara, kara denA, bhaviSyavANI karanA, dUsare ke mana kI dUra vizva ke maMca para parivartana-zIla dRzyoM ko bAta jAna lenA, grAga meM kUda paDanA, zulI para leTa dekhane meM lagI rahatI hai, jo ki apane meM eka mAyA jAnA, yA zastra riyA dvArA aMga bhaga karanA, hai, granthi hai / mAyA ke yathArthasvarUpa ko jAnane prAdi saikar3oM prakAra kI sAdhanAoM meM loga varSoM ke lie bhI apane ko jAnanA nitAMta Avazyaka hai| taka lage rahate haiM / lekina jaina dharma ne ina prakri- : jaina yAgama-granthoM meM jo kathAeM milatI haiM, dhAnoM ko lokeSaNA kahA hai, kaSAya kahA hai| unakA kalAgata mUlyAMkana karanA, sAhitya manIsAdhanA to vahI upAdeya hai jo rAgadveSa se virata / / 'SiyoM kA kArya bhale ho, una kathAoM ke bhItara kare paMDita daulatarAma jI ne spaSTa kahA hai eka zAzvata satyaM pAlokita hai ki mukti kI yaha rAga prAga dahai sadA tAteM samAmRta se ithe| sAdhanA ke patha para calane meM yAtrI bAra-bAra cirabhaje viSaya kaSAya, aba to tyAga nijapada beiye| phisalatA hai, khAI-khandaka meM giratA hai, janma -chahaDhAlA janmAntara ke aMpAra duHkha-sAgara meM DUbatA hai, kabhI-kabhI sukha-svarga meM bhI bhogaizvarya-sampadA sArAMza yaha ki samasta carAcara jagat ke prati prApta karatA hai / parantu yaha saba to patha ke avarodha samabhAva rakhane kI sAdhanA sarvopari sAdhanA hai| haiM. zala kAMTe haiN| isase uttIrNa hone para hI siddhi mApekSa athavA sAkAMkSa sAdhanA se bhogaizvarya prApta hAtha lagatI hai| jaba vyakti 'maiM' se mukta hokara ho sakatA hai / svarga taka mila sakatA hai, aura to . 'sarva' kA ho jAtA hai, apane ko za ya kara detA praura kalpanAtIta anuttara vimAna kA sukha bhI mila hai apane meM se kartAbhAva ko samApta kara detA hai| sakatA hai| kintu nilakula sukha kI prApti to patA se aviratA ke bhavana meM caraNa sAmyAvasthA se hI upalabdha ho sakatI hai / mokSa dharatA hai| bhI antataH apanI akAMkSAtroM se mukta honA hI hai / chahaDhAlAkAra ne niSkarSa rUpa meM lAkha Take kI jaina-sAdhanA vyavahAra aura nizcaya ke rUpa meM bAta kahI hai dvividha haiN| yaha dvividha sAdhanA bhI zrAvaka dharma padAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 1-47

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evaM zramaNa dharma ke rUpa meM dvividha hai| zrAvaka kI cetanA prakRtistha ho jAtI hai--vaha parama digambara - sAdhanA vyavahAra pradhAna hote hue bhI usakI dRSTi (nigrantha) ho jAtA hai| digambara kevala rUr3ha nizcayamUlaka sAdhya para hotI hai| zrAvaka kI nagnatA ke artha meM nahIM, balki sampUrNamanA vaha sAdhanA nizcaya kA pUraka hotI hai, tabhI vaha eka dizAtroM ke virATa vastra ko pror3ha letA hai| saMsAra samaya samasta bAhyatAnoM se nivRtta zramaNa-mArga . meM rahakara bhI vaha saMsAra kA nahIM raha jaataa| kI ora pravRtta hotA hai --- antarmukha hotA hai| zramaNa ke lie jaina zAstroM meM aTThAisa mUlaguNoM dhAvaka dhIre-dhore ekAdaza sopAnoM para car3hatA hai| ke pAlana kA vidhAna hai| ve nirantara bAraha anuyaha ThIka hai ki usakI yaha vyavahAra-sAdhanA khAna- prekSAtroM kA cintana karate haiN| daza dharmoM kA pAna, tathA sthUla vratoM taka sImita hotI hai, usakA pAlana karate haiN| mana, vacana, kAya kA gopana karate samUcA vyavahAra paraspara-sApakSa hotA hai, evaM haiN| aura calane, bolane, khAne-pIne bhAdi ke rUpa sAMsArika samasyAoM meM prAbaddha bhI hotA hai, kintu meM pAMca samitiyoM kA sAvadhAnIpUrvaka AcaraNa anAdikAlIna mohanIya saMskAroM evaM mithyAtvoM karate haiN| isa prakAra kI sAdhanA kA pratipAdana se grasta jIvana ko eka naI dizA dete samaya aisA anyatra durlabha hai| naitika cAritra bhI bar3A krAntikArI hotA hai| isa sAdhanA meM eka aisA tatva darzana antarbhUta zrAvaka dharma kI jo prAcAra-saMhitA jaina meM prati. hai jo sAdhaka ko sAdhya se vimukha hIM hone detaa| patipAdita hai vaha anyatra durlabha haiN| bAhara se vaha ___ sAta tatva evaM chaH dravyamUlaka sRSTi-yavarathA kA na ma ga naitika dikhatI hai, jarUra, lekina usake bIja bahuta nidarzana jainadarzana bI apanI maulika dena hai| isa gahare gaye hote haiM aura una meM vizAla vRkSa banane tatvajJAna kI prAdhArazilA para hI samagra sAdhanA kI kI kSamatA hotI hai| sAmAjika ziSTAcAra ke imArata khar3I hai / kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki kevala lie yA rASTrIya caritra kI ekarUpatA ke lie naitika upadezoM yA karmakANDoM ke prAdhAra para naitika upadezoM se bharI huI prAcAra-saMhitA manuSya kI gaI sAdhanA manuSya ko tapa vI to banA sakatI ko Upara Upara se AkarSita karatI hai aura use bhI hai, usameM sahiSNutA bhI pA sakatI hai, kintu maitikatA kA mukhauTA lagAne kI suvidhA mila sAdhya aspaSTa hI rahatA hai / jaina dharma ke anusAra jAtI hai, kintu itane se vaha prAtma-vikAsa kI sAdhaka ke samakSa sAdhya kA citra spaSTa rahatA hai, ora jAne meM samartha nahI ho jAtA-balki prAtma. aura usI ke caturdika usakI sAdhanA kA cakramaNa baMcaka hI adhika hotA hai / jaina prAcAra saMhitA hotA hai| '; ne kabhI ziSTAcAra kA naitika upadeza nahIM diyA / jaina sAdhaka tapa bhI karatA hai| jaina sAdhaka .. zrAvaka ke vratoM kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki ina vratoM ke lie bAraha prakAra ke tapoM kA vidhAna hai| ko svIkAra karane ke uparAMta--inameM se kisI chaH tapa bAhya haiM aura chaH prAbhyantara / bAhya tapoM eka vrata ko bhI kisI bhI aza meM svIkAra karane ke dvArA sAdhaka kabhI anazana karake, kabhI mukha se / ke uparAMta manuSya meM badalAva prArambha ho jAtA hai, kama khAkara, kabhI sImita padArtha grahaNa karake, * kyoMki yaha vrata svIkRti prAtmazodhana evaM prAtma kabhI kisI rasa ko taja karake, aura kabhI zarIra zuddhi ke lie hotI hai| ko niyaMtrita karake vAsanAproM para aMkuza lagAtA jaba zrAvaka kI sAdhanA prAtmazodhana ke eka hai, abhilASAyoM ko saMkocatA hai / Antarika tapa bindu para pahuMca jAtI hai to vahAM usakI samagna ke dvArA vaha jJAna-dhyAna paThana-pAThana-cintana meM 1-48 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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mahAvIra jayantI samAroha 1977 bhASaNa pratiyogitA kA eka dRzya sabhA bha 108 zrAcArya zrI saMbhavasAgara jI sasaMgha maMca para virAjamAna haiN| vizAla sabhA kA eka dRzya

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nirata rahatA hai| tapa ke ye prakAra manovaijJAnika to eka sAmAnya evaM sthUla vidhAna mAtra hai jisake dRSTi se bar3e mUlyayAna haiN| inameM bAharI tapana nahIM pIche mAnavIya jJAna-zakti kI avahelanA hai| prAraMbha hai / logoM ko camatkRta karake prasiddhi prApta karane ke 25 varSoM taka brahmacaryAzrama ke pAlana kA vidhAna kI abhIpsA nahIM hai aura vyarthatA bhI nahIM hai| manuSya ko Age 'bhoga' meM le jAtA hai, jabaki jaina zarIra ko satAne kI apekSA use halkA-phulkA evaM sAdhanA ke aMtargata brahacaryavrata kA vidhAna eka bAra vikAra-vivajita banAne meM jo tapasyA sahAyaka svIkAra karane ke bAda atyAjya hai aura isI kAraNa ho, vahI karane kA iMgita ina tapoM meM hai / ye tapa vaha manuSya ko 'yoga' kI ora le jAtA hai / vizva bAhara se dIkhate bhI nahIM haiM sAdhaka inheM pradarzita kavi ravIndranAtha ThAkura ne saMketa kiyA hai ki bhI nahIM krtaa| sUrya jaise apanI kiraNoM se 'jIvana eka amara javAnI hai, use usa prAyu se saMsAra ko prakAza ke sAtha-sAtha jIvana detA hai, napharata hai jo isakI gati meM bAdhaka ho jo dIpaka vaise hI ina dvAdaza tapoM se sAdhaka apane meM teja kA kI chAyA kI taraha jIvana kA pIchA karatI hai| anubhava va karatA hai aura isa teja se vAtAvaraNa ko hamArA jIvana nadI kI dhArA kI laharoM kI taraha Aloka milatA hai / ye tapa sAdhaka ke zarIra-dIpa apane taTa se chUtA hai, isalie na ki vaha apanI ko prajvalita rakhate haiM / tamomaya zarIra kA dIpaka sImAnoM kA baMdhana anubhava kare, balki isalie ki bujhatA nahIM hai, usakA utsarga hotA hai, jo samUce vaha pratikSaNa yaha anubhUti letA rahe ki usakA vAtAvaraNa meM eka prakAza-kiraNa chor3a jAtA hai| ananta mArga samudra kI aura khulA hai| jIvana aisI kavitA hai jo chandoM ke kaThora anuzAsana meM cupa jana-sAdhanA meM zrAyu kI maryAdA kA koI nahIM hotI, balki isase apanI prAMtarika svataMtratA prAvadhAna nahIM hai| jisa mAnava cetanA meM aura kSamatA ko aura bhI adhika prakaTa karatI hai| jJAna-kiraNa kA udaya ho jAtA hai, vairAgya kI (sAdhanA, pRSTha 62-63) urmi taraMgAyamAna hone lagatI hai, vaha sAdhanA ke patha para ArohaNa kara jAtA hai / aneka udAharaNoM sAvanA kA kSetra vistAra anIma hai, ananta meM hama dekhate hI haiM ki alpavaya meM hI aneka puruSa prakAza kI bhAMti / kisI bhI eka kSetra yA viSaya jJAnI evaM saMta puruSa ho gaye haiM / jJAna prAtmika meM sAdhanA kI ora bar3hane para pratyeka jAgarUka vyakti UrjA hai, vaha pothI-pustakoM kI cIja nahIM hai| apane ko nitAnta alA yA zUnya hI pAtA hai| kabIra to kaha hI gaye haiM ki pothI-par3ha kara to jIvana bhara hubakIyAM lagAne para bhI antataH lagatA saMsAra mara hI gayA, koI paNDita nahIM huA / eka hai ki abhI to virATa ke eka vindu kA bhI sparza taruNa bhI zramaNa ho sakatA hai aura eka vRddha bhI nahIM huprA hai / bolane ko to hama rAta dina bolate mAyA-jAla meM ulajhA raha jAtA hai| uttarAdhyanasUtra rahate haiM, lekina yathArthataH bolane kI vizeSatAoM meM anAthImuni kI eka aisI hI pratIka-kathA hai| yA garimA se hama anta taka aparicita hI raha jaina AgamoM meM aneka taruNa tapasviyoM kI gAthAeM jAte haiM / sarvAdhika prAcIna jainAgama AcArAMgasatra akita haiM jo mAtA-pitA ko ghara meM chor3akara vana meM sAdhu ke liye pAhAra prApta karanA bhI ahiMsA kI kI aora prasthAna kara gaye / mUla bAta yaha hai ki dRSTi se eka sAdhanA hI hai| pAMco indriyoM se tathA pAzrama vyavasthA nirmANa karake manuSya jIvana ko vibhinna zArIrika avayavoM se niraMtara kAma lete cAra khaDoM meM vibhAjita karane kI kalpanA jJAna hue bhI aura yaha jAnate hue bhI ki inakA kyA prathavA sAdhanA ke mArga meM sahAyaka nahIM hotii| vaha upayoga evaM lAbha hai, hama inake prati kitane ana mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 1-49

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jAna raha jAte haiM ? sAMsa ke binA jIvana pala bhara tiyoM meM isa prakAra kI viziSTatAe bhale hI bhI nahIM cala sakatA, kintu kyA hama zvAsocchavAsa upayogI hoM, kintu isa prakAra manuSya sahajatA se kI sUkSamatama prakriyAoM athavA vidhiyoM se paricita TUTatA jAtA hai aura pariNAmataH vizvaHprakRti se rahate haiM ? yaha jAnanA hI to sAdhanA hai| ekarUpa nahIM ho paataa| santa kabIra ne 'sahaja samAdhi' kI bAta kahI hai / lagatA to yaha hai ki ___ sAdhanA kI dizA meM kadama rakhane kA artha hai jIvana meM sahaja honA hI atyanta kaThina hai| saMkalpa karanA, ekAgra honA, apanI samasta zaktiyoM asAmAnya yA kaThina mArga agnAnA apekSAkRta ko kendrita karanA tAki upalabdhi kA bIja aku prAsAna pratIta hotA hai| korI sleTa para bilkula rita ho sake, vaha kaThora avarodha ko bhedakara Upara sIdhI rekhA khIMcanA hI kaThina hai| jaMgala meM sIdhe uTha sake ora vizAla vRkSa bana sake / saMkalpapUrvaka biravA bahuta kama hote haiN| hamArA jIvana bhI aneka siddhi hI sAdhanA kA phala hai / yahI bIja kI vakratAoM kA ghara hai| vaktAoM ko miTAne kA svataMtratA hai / hamAre zarIra meM parivyApta cetanA nAma hI sahajatA hai| mandira meM jAkara mUrti ke vizva-cetanA kA aMza hote hue bhI vaha vizva se mAge sASTAMga namana karanA hamAre lie kaThina pRthaka, tuccha yA laghu nahIM hai / usameM sampUrNa vizva nahIM hai / para zayana kI sahaja kriyA ko hI prabhusamAhita hai / bUda choTI avazya hai, para sAgara se namana mAnanA bar3A kaThina hai| vizva ke sAtha bhinna nahIM hai| tAdAtmya sthApita karane yA vizva meM apane ko kisI bhI prakAra kI sAdhanA kA mUla AdhAra lIna karane ke lie hamArI bhUmikA nadI ke pravAha zarIra hotA hai / zarIra kI sahAyatA se hI sAdhanA kI bhAMti honI cAhie ki vaha sAgara kI ora phalavatI hotI hai / sAdhanA se zarIra sakSama banatA sahana bahI calI jAtI hai / aMkura sahaja dRkSa banatA calA jAtA hai| sAdhanA kA bhAra Dhone para hai aura zarIra kI kSamatA se cetanA meM tejasvitA prAtI hai / jaba AtmA tejasvI hotI hai to yaha tana to hama zramika hI raha jAte haiM, zramaNa nahI bana paramAtmA kA maMgaladhAma bana jAtA hai| zarIra ke pAte / zarIra ke aMga apanA kArya kitanI sahajatA prati prAsakti na rakhanA Avazyaka hai, lekina usake se karate haiM ki unake lie hameM socanA bhI nahIM zatrutA bhI anucita hai| jo loga zarIra ko satAne pdd'taa| hama bAlaka se tamaNa aura taruNa se praur3ha meM sAdhanA dekhate haiM, ve kevala bojha hI Dhote hai|' vRddha hote jAte haiN| parantu patA nahIM calatA ki yaha saba kaise ghaTita ho gayA / to sAdhanA hameM viziSTa avasthA, vizeSa prAsana, viziSTa karanI hai sahajatA kI, RjutA kI, bhAra-vihIna prakAra kA prAhAra-vihAra, rahana-sahana, veza, vyAyAma, hone kI, aura tabhI hamArA yaha tana prAtma dIpaka prANAyAma, japa, jApa, snAna-dhyAna, athavA prayAsa se jyotirmAna hokara hameM vahAM pahucA sakatA hai ko prAyaH sAdhanA kahA jAtA hai / amuka paristhi- jahAM prAtmA kI antima pariNati hai| -1-50 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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- pApoM se virakta honA vrata kahalAtA hai / jaina darzana meM pApa kevala eka mAnA gayA hai aura vaha hai hiMsA / koI bhI kriyA se jaba taka usameM hiMsA sammilita na ho vaha pApa rUpa nahIM ho sakatI / jhUTha, corI, kuzIla aura parigraha hiMsA rUpa hone ke kAraNa hI pApa haiM / vratI hone ke lie niHzalya arthAt mAyA, mithyA aura nidAna se rahita honA prAvazyaka hai / praraNa vata kA pAlana gRhastha aura mahAvrata kA pAlana sAdhu karate haiM / ve jaba pravRtti rUpa hote haiM to puNyAzrava ke tathA nivRtti rUpa hone para saMvara kA kAraNa hote haiM / prAja kI bhautika unnati se saMtrasta mAnava ko bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA praNIta ye mahAvata kisa prakAra zAMti aura sukha ke pradAtA haiM isa prazrana kA uttara pAThaka nimna paMktiyoM meM paaveNge| -polyAkA pAMca mahAvratoM kI varIyatA DA0 zobhanAtha pAThaka ema. e., pI. eca. DI. (saMskRta) sAhitya ratna meghanagara jilA jhAbugrA, ma. pra. 457779 bhautika cakAcaudha meM bhaTakatA huA mAnava isI sambala se hama Aja prAkula saMsAra ko saMvAra Aja apanI vaijJAnika upalabdhiyoM para bhale hI ita- sakate haiM / mahAvIra ke pAMca mahAvatoM kI mahattA rAye va asthAI sukha kI anubhUti kara unmatta ho para yahAM saMkSipta prakAza DAlA jA rahA haijAya para usakA aMtas aAkula hai, prazAMta hai, atR- ahiMsA pna hai / aNu kI vibhISikA nyUTrAna kI vinAza- satya, ahiMsA, asteya, aparigraha aura brahmacarya lIlA, samAja ke saMmukha mahAkAla ke samAna muha ke sambala se saMsAra ko savArane vAle mahAvIra ke bAe khar3I hai / mAnavatA isa mahA pralaya kI kalpanA miTAna siddhAnta hI yuga ko ubArane meM sakSama hai / bhAja se hI kAMpa uThatI hai| saMsAra ke sammukha sabase bar3I samasyA jIvana ko aisI viSama paristhiti meM vizva prAja bhAratIya surakSita rakhane kI hai / prAyudhoM kI hor3a meM vinAzasaMskRti kI ora prAzA lagAe yuga ko ubArane kArI astra-zastra bana rahe haiM / aisI viSama paristhiti kI bATa joha rahA hai| tathyataH prAja vaijJAnika meM ahiMsA kI garimA ko samajhanA nitAMta Avazyaka upalabdhiyoM se hama mAnavatA ko saMtuSTa nahIM kara hai / ataH hameM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke prAdoM, upa. sakate varana isake lie hameM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke dezoM ko vizvastara para prasArita pracArita karanA pAMca mahAvratoM kI varIyatA ko parakhanA hogaa| cAhie / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 1-51

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"ahiMsA paramo dharma kI " nIMva para bhAratIya saMskRti pallavita puSpita ho rahI hai / bhagavAna mahAvIra ne bhI 'jIgro aura jIne do' ke siddhAnta kA pratipAdana karate hue kahA hai ki: uMgrahe ya tiriya, savvattha viraiM vijjA, je keI tasathAvarA / Urdhvaloka, adholoka, aura tiryagloka ina tInoM lokoM meM jitane bhI trAsa aura sthAvara jIva haiM unake prANoM kA vinAza karane se dUra rahanA cAhie / vaira kI zAMti ko hI nirvANa kahA gayA hai / yadi kevala isI vicAra ko hI manuSya apanA le to saMsAra ke sabhI prANI sukha kA anubhava karane lgeNge| tathyataH jitanA pyArA hameM apanA prANa hai, utanA hI dUsaroM ko bhI totriya hai, phira kyoM hiMsA kI jAtI hai ? kyoM na unheM apane hI samAna samajhA jAye / mahAvIra ne yahI to upadeza yuga kalyANa ke lie diyA thA / saMti nivAraNamAhiyaM // virae gAmadhammehi, tesi 1-52 je keI jagaI jagA / avuttamAyAe, thAmaM kuvvaM parivvae || zrarthAt zabdAdi viSayoM ke prati udAsIna bane hue manuSya ko isa saMsAra meM vidyamAna jitane bhI sa aura sthAvara jIva haiM, unako prAtmatulya mAna, unakI rakSA karane meM apanI zakti kA upayoga karanA cAhie aura isI prakAra saMyama kA bhI pAlana karanA cAhie / manuSya vivekazIla prANI hai ataH use svayaM vicAra kara kisI ko kaSTa nahIM pahuvAnA cAhie apitu sabhI prANiyoM ke prati sahA nubhUti rakhanA hI sukhadAyaka hai | bhagavAna mahAvIra ne samajhAyA hai ki pur3havI ya zrAU, agaraNI tara rUkkha-vIyA ya tasA ya pANA // je. je aNDayA saMseyayA evAi eesa ya bAU jANo, paDileha ee kAraNa ya prAyadaNDe, ya jarAU pAraNA / je. 1 rasayA bhihANa // kAyAI, paveiyAi / sAyaM 11 eesa yA vippariyA suvinti // arthAt pRthvI, jala, teja, vAyu, tRsNa, vRkSa zrAdi vanaspati tathA aNDaja, jarAyuja, svedaja, rasaja, ina sabhI trasa prANiyoM ko jJAniyoM ne jIva samUha kahA hai| ina sabameM sukha kI icchA hotI hai, isa tathya ko samajhanA caahie| ise jAnakara bhI jo ina jIva kAyoM kA nAza karake pApa kA saMcaya karatA hai, vaha bAra bAra inhI prANiyoM meM janma dhAraNa karatA hai / ata: ahiMsA ke AdhAra para vizva ke poSaNa - pAlana kI samasyA para gaMbhIratA se vicAra apekSita hai / satya prapanA rASTrIya pratIka hI hai / "satyameva jayate" bhagavAna mahAvIra ne bhI isI satya kI varIyatA kA bakhAna karate hue kahA hai ki "taM saccaM bhayavaM" arthAt satya hI bhagavAna hai jo satya ko grapa nAtA hai vaha bhagavAna ke samAna ho jAtA hai mahA mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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vIra ne prasatya bolane ko pApa mAnakara sadA satya taM appaNA na givhaMti, bolane kA hI AhvAna kiyA yathA nau vi giNhAvae pr| mannaM vA giNhamAraNaM vi, musAbAno ya logammi, ___ nANujANaMti saMjayA // satvasAhUhi garihiyo / avissAso ya bhUyAraNaM, arthAt koI bhI vastu cAhe sajIva ho athavA tamhA mosaM vivajjae / / nirjIva, kama ho yA jyAdA, yahAM taka ki vaha dAMta kutarane taka kI salAI ke samAna hI choTI kyoM na isa jagata meM sabhI sAdhu puruSoM ne asatyavAdana kI ghora niMdA kI hai / ata: asatya vacana kA pari - ho, use binA usake svAmI se pUche nahIM uThAnA syAga karanA caahie| yahI nahIM varan satya va caahie| yahI nahIM varana dUsaroM se bhI na uThavAye aura na uThAne vAle kA anumodana kreN| yathAH madhura vacana se to sone meM sugaMdha hI paidA ho jAtI hai| isalie kar3avA vacana na bolakara satya ba madhura tahAbhibhUyassa udattahAriNo, vacana hI bole yathA ruve atitassa pariggahe ya / mahattadukkhA udvavaMti kaMTayA, mAyAmusaM vaDDhai lAbhadosA, agromathA te vi tapo suuddharA / tatthA vi dukkhA na vimuccaI se / / vAyA durUttAgi durUddharANi, rUpa ke saMgraha se asaMtuSTa banA huA jIva tRSNA verANUbandhINi mahatbhayANi / / ke vazIbhUta hokara adatta kA grahaNa karatA hai aura arthAt kAMTA va kIla cubha jAne para kucha dera isa taraha prApta bastu ke rakSaNArtha lobha-doSa meM saka] hI dukha hotA hai para kaThora vANI kI coTa phaMsakara kapaTa kriyA dvArA asatya bolatA hai| ina cirakAla taka kA Ta pahuMcAte hue vaira ko upajA kara kAraNo se vaha duHkha se mukta nahIM ho sakatA / ataH vinAza kI ora le jAtI hai| prataH bAgI para dukha se mukta hokara sukha prApta karane ke lie asteya sadaiva saMyama rakhanA caahie| vRtti ko parakhanA Avazyaka hai| vizvakalyANa kI asteya kAmanA se isa upadeza para dhyAna denA aAvaz yaka hai| ____ aAja eka dUsare kI saMpatti va vastuoM ko har3apane kI pravRtti kitanI balavatI hotI jA rahI haiM aparigraha jo kisI se chipI nahIM hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra kI upadezoM ko hRdayaMgama karake isa burAI ko miTApA / prAja ke sarvodaya siddhAnta kA mahatva aparigraha jA sakatA hai tabhI samAjavAda sAkAra ho sktaa| __ kI varIyatA meM samAviSTa hai zoSaraNa dvArA dhana saMgraha ___kI kar3I nindA kI gaI hai| mahAvIra ne kahA haihai / mahAvIra ne spaSTa kahA haicittamaMtamacittaM vA, je pApakamhehi dharaNaM maNUsA, appaM vA ai vA bddh| samAyaghantI amaI gahAya / daMtasohaNamittaM vi, pahAya te pAsapayahie nare, uggahaMsi prajAiyA / / berAguvaddhA garayaM uventi / / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 1-53

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arthAt jo manuSya dhana ko amRta mAnakara yahI nahIM varanavividha pApa karmoM dvArA dhana kI prApti karatA hai, vabhacera uttamatava, niyama, nANa saNa vaha karmoM ke dRr3ha pAza meM baMdha jAtA hai aura aneka caritra, sammata, viNayamUla" jIvoM ke sAtha vairAnubandha kara antataH sArA dhana aizvarya yahIM chor3a naraka meM jAtA hai jo dhana daulata . arthAt brahmacarya hI uttama tapa, niyama, jJAna, saMsAra ko pAgala banA kara madamatta kara detI hai| darzana, cAritra, saMyama, aura vinaya kA mUla hai| : brahmacarya kA pAlana karane vAle kI mahattA ke viSaya tathyatA vaha viSa ke samAna hai| mahAvIra ne meM mahAvIra ne kahA hai - kahA haivittaNa tANaM na labhe pamatta / devadANavagaMdhavvA, jakkharanakhasakinnarA / immAmmiA loha adavA paratthA // vamayAri namasaMti, dukkaTa je kareti te // dIvappaNaTheva aNaMta mohe / arthAt atyaMta duSkara brahmacarya vrata kI sAdhanA na mADya daTTha maddameva // karane vAle brahmacArI ko deva, dAnava, gandharva, yakSa, isa loka va paraloka donoM meM zoSaNa se kamAyA rAkSasa, kinnarAdi sabhI devI devatA namaskAra karate ra hai| vizva meM brahmacarya hI sthAyitva pradAna karatA huA dhana sukhadAyaka nahIM hai| andhakAra meM jaise dIpaka bujha jAya to dikhA huA mArga bhI anadIkhA hai| tabhI to kahA gayA hai-- ho jAtA hai| usI prakAra paudagalika vastuoM ke esa dhamme dhuve nicce, (dhanAdi) aMdhakAra meM nyAya mArga ko dekhanA asaM. sAsae jiNadesie / bhava ho jAtA hai / ataH mahAvIra ke isa upadeza kA siddhA sijjhanti cANeraNa, pAlana Avazyaka hai| sijmassanti tahAvare // brahmacarya yaha brahmacarya dharma dhra va hai, zAzvata hai, aura jinadezita hai arthAta jinoM dvArA upadiSTa hai isI brahmacarya kI varIyatA kA to bakhAna jitanA dharma ke pAlana se aneka jIva siddha bana gaye bana rahe bhI kiyA jAe thor3A hai / isa vrata se hI to mAnava Izvara kI zreNI meM pahuMca sakatA hai / mahAvIra ne hai aura bhaviSya meM bhI bneNge| bhI kahA hai-- ataH mahAvIra pratipAdita pAMca mahAvatoM kI varIyatA ko parakha apanAne kI nitAMta prAvazyakatA "loguttamaM ca kyamiNaM" hai| isI samvala se hama Adhunika yuga ko saMvAra arthAt yaha brata lokottara hai| sakate haiM / iti - - - 1-54 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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mahAvIra jayantI samAroha 1977 mahAvIrajayanI samA hA lAhirahA jAgira para padArtha dukha kA kAraNa nahIM,kintu ra padArya meM Atmabuddhi durakha kAraNa hai| AtmA meM Atmabuddhi nAhI sukha hai| nakI prAptisaMbhava hai maMca para kAryakAriNI ke sadasya tathA viziSTa atithigaNa baiThe haiN| sAdhvIzrI maNiprabhAjI sabhA ko sambodhita karate hue munizrI rUpacandajI sabhA meM pravacana karate hue

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Su Guang Guang dvitIya Niu RM BZhi Zhi Zhi Zhi Zhi Zhi Zhi Zhi Tu khaNDa Niu M Yue Fa Fa Song Fa Ti Gong Jie Song EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE mhArI dharatI : mhAro deza

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mahAvIra - vacana B 1. kisI bhI prANI kI hiMsA na karanA hI jJAnI hone kA sAra hai / 2. jIva mare yA jIye isase hiMsA kA sambandha nahIM hai / yatnAcAra - hIna pramAdI puruSa nizcita rUpa se hiMsaka hai / yatnAcArapUrvaka prabhAvahIna pravRtti karane vAle ko jIva kI hiMsA ho jAne mAtra se baMdha nahIM hotA / 3. samyakajJAna kA phala zuddha cAritra hai / 4. hiMsA, saMyama aura taparUpa dharma hI utkRSTa maMgala arthAt kalyANakArI hai| 5. zrapramatta aura sAvadhAna rahate hue sadA hitakArI, mita aura priya vacana bolanA cAhie / 6. paropakAro loga apanI ApattiyoM kA vicAra nahIM karate / 7. jIva ke acche aura bure bhAva hI puNya tathA pApa kramaza: haiM / 8. bAMdhe hue zubha aura azubha karmoM kA phala avazya hI bhoganA par3atA hai / 6. mana ke vikalpoM ko roka dene para yaha zrAtmA hI paramAtmA bana jAtA hai / 10. tU hI karma karane vAlA hai, tU hI unakA acchA burA phala bhogane vAlA hai tathA tU hI mukta hone vAlA hai phira karmabandhana se mukta hokara svAdhIna hone kA prayatna kyoM nahIM karatA / 11. tU svayaM hI terA guru hai / pharma- gulAbacanda kAsalIvAla 35 III bhoIvAr3A, kAsalIvAla bhavana bambaI dvArA pracArita www

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Wan Wan maMgalAcaraNam zrI vardhamAnamanizaM jinavardhamAnam tvAM taM naye stutipathaM pathi sNprdhaute| yo'ntyopi tIrthakaramanimamapyajaiSIt kAle kalau ca pRthulIkRtadharmatIrthaH // devA vIrajino'yamastu jagatAM vandyaH sadA mUrTina me -guNabhadrAcAryaH

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prazamaratiprakaraNakAra tattvArthasUtra tathA bhASya ke karttA se bhinna 'prazamarati prakaraNa' nAmaka zvetAmbara sampradAya kA grantha 'tatvArtha sUtra' ke kartA prAcArya umAsvAti kI racanA bahuta prAcInakAla se mAnI jAtI rahI hai| siddhasena garie, jinadAsa mahattara zrAdi zvetAmbara prAcAryoM evaM granthakAroM ne use prasaMdigdha rUpa se umAsvAti kI kRti mAnA hai / vidvAn lekhaka ne prazamaratikAra kI mAnyatAoM kA tatvArtha sUtrakAra kI mAnyatAnoM ke sAtha jo sAmya batAyA hai vaha to tatvArthasUtra ke AdhAra para hai kintu vaiSamya kA zrAdhAra sUtra grantha na hokara usakA bhASya hai / bhASya sUtrakAra kRta hai athavA nahIM yaha abhI pUrNa nizcaya ke sAtha nahIM kahA jA sakatA / svargIya jugalakizorajI mukhtAra ne apane 'zvetAmbara tatvArthasUtra aura usake bhASya kI jAMca' zIrSaka nibandha meM, jo unakI pustaka 'jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa para vizada prakAza' meM gyArahavAM hai bhASya ko umAsvAti kRta na mAnane meM jo tarka diye haiM ve akATya cAhe na hoM aura kucha vidvAn unase sahamata na bhI hoM to bhI ve sarvathA upekSaraNIya nahIM haiM / ataH bhASya ke AdhAra para hI 'prazamarati prakaraNa' ko umAsvAtikRta nahIM mAnanA kama ja~catA hai phira bhI nimna nibaMdha isa dizA meM UhApoha ke lie mArga prazasta karatA hai yaha bhI kama mahatva kI bAta nahIM hai| - polyAkA 2-2 tattvArthasUtra jaina tattvajJAna kA saMgrAhaka, sundara suvyavasthita va mahattvapUrNa grantha hai, jo donoM hI sampradAyoM meM Agama-granthoM kI bhAMti hI samAdRta hai / tattvArthasUtra kA bhASya svopajJa hai yA anyopajJa yaha prazna abhI bhI anuttarita hai / zvetAmbara paramparA svopajJa bhASya ke atirikta prazamaratiprakaraNa zrAdi granthoM ko umAsvAti praNIta mAnatI hai / prazamaratiprakaraNa 313 kArikAoM meM racita grantha hai, jisameM saMkSepa meM jaina tattvajJAna ko gumphita kiyA gayA hai / prAyaH sampUrNa prAcIna jaina sAhitya prAkRta bhASA meM praNIta hai / tattvArthasUtrakAra mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 DaoN0 kusuma paToriyA AjAda cauka sadara, nAgapura

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hI prathama AcArya haiM, jinhoMne saMskRta sUtra zailI meM jaina tattvajJAna ko piroyA hai / prazamaratiprakaraNa bhI saMskRta meM saMkSipta zailI meM racita hai / prazamaratiprakaraNa kA tatvArthasUtra se kahIM-kahIM zabdazaH sAmya haiM / sAmya- prazamarati - prakaraNa kI cAra kArikAoM meM tattvArthasUtra ke sUtra jyoM ke tyoM vidyamAna haiM / prazamarati----sAmAnyaM khalu lakSaNamupayogo bhavati sarvajIvAnAm / sAkAro'nAkArazca so'STabhedazcaturdhA tu tattvArtha sUtra - upayogo lakSaNam / 2 sa dvividho'STacaturbhedaH / 3 prazagarati - utpAdavigamanityatvalakSaNaM yattadasti sarvamapi 1 114 sadasadvA bhavatItyanyathApitAnapi tavizeSAt tattvArthasUtra--saddravyalakSaNam / utpAdanyayadhrauvyayukta sat / tadbhAvAvyayaM nityam 1 arpitAnapi siddha prazamarati - - eteSvadhyavasAyo yo'rtheSu vinizcayena tattvamiti / samyagdarzanametacca tannisargAdadhigamAdvA 116 tattvArthasUtra -- tattvArthazraddhAnaM samyagdarzanam / tannisargAdadhigamAdvA 17 praNamarati - eSAmuttarabhedaviSayAdibhirbhavati vistarAdhigamaH / ekAdInyekasmin bhAjyAni tvAcatubhyaH iti // 8 tattvArthasUtra - ekAdIni bhAjyAni yugapadekasbhinnAcatubhyaH 19 prazamarati -- samyaktvajJAnacAritra sampadaH sAdhanAni mokSasya / tAsvekatarAbhAve'pi mokSamArgo'pyasiddhikara: 110 tattvArthasUtra - samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArga: (11 prazamaratiprakaraNa kI ukta kArikAoM meM tatvArthasUtra ke sUtra ke sUtra jyoM ke tyoM uddhRta kara liye gaye haiM / ukta sAmya prazamaratiprakaraNa aura tattvArthasUtra ke ekakartRtva kA AbhAsa detA hai / yvn prazamaratiprakaraNa kI bhASya ke sAtha bhI kAphI samAnatA hai / prazamarati meM upayoga ko dvividha sAkAra evaM anAkAra batAyA hai / 12 tatvArthabhASya meM bhI jJAnopayoga ko sAkAra va darzanopayoga ko anAkAra zabdoM se ullikhita kiyA hai / prazamarati meM kahA gayA hai samyagdarzana, jJAna aura cAritra meM se eka ke bhI prabhAva meM mokSamArga prasiddhikara hai / tAsvekatarAbhAve'pi mokSamArgo'pyasiddhikaraH / 13 inhIM zabdoM kA bhASya meM bhI prayoga hai / ekatarAbhAve'pyasAdhanAni 114 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-3

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samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna ke hone para bhI cAritra kabhI hotA hai kabhI nahIM kintu cAritra ke hone para samyagdarzana aura jJAna kA lAbha siddha hI hai / isa bAta ko prazamaratiprakaraNa tathA bhASya meM lagabhaga eka se zabdoM meM abhivyakta kiyA gayA hai / prazamarati--pUrvadvayasampadyapi teSAM bhajanIyamuttaraM bhavati / pUrvadvayalAbhaH punaruttaralAbhe bhavati siddhaH // 15 tattvArthabhASya-eSAM ca pUrvalAbhe bhajanIyamuttaram / uttaralAbhe tu niyataH pUrvalAbhaH / / prazamarati meM zikSA, pAgama, upadezazravaNa adhigama ke tathA svabhAva aura pariNAma nisarga ke paryAyavAcI zabda diye gaye haiN| zikSAgamopadezazravaNAnyekArthakAnyadhigamasya / ekArthaH pariNAmo bhavati nisarga: svabhAvazca / / 17 bhASya meM bhI ye hI paryAyavAcI zabda diye gaye haiM AgamaH abhigamaH Agamo nimitta zravaNaM zikSA upadeza ityanAntaram / ....."nisargaH pariNAmaH svabhAvaH aparopadezaH ityanarthAntaram / tattvArthasUtra meM matijJAna ke paryAyavAcI zabdoM meM abhinibodha ko ullikhita kiyA hai / 19 prazamarati meM bhI matijJAna ko abhinibodhaka kahA hai / saMsArAnuprekSA kA prazamaratiprakaraNa kA varNana bhASyAnusArI haimAtA bhUtvA duhitA bhaginI bhAryA ca bhavati saMsAre / vrajati sutaH pitRtAM bhrAtRtAM punaH zatrutAM caiva / / 21 bhASya----mAtA hi bhUtvA bhaginI duhitA mAtA ca bhavati / bhaginI bhUtvA mAtA bhAryA duhitA ca bhavati / isa prakAra prazamaratiprakaraNa kA tattvArthabhASya se zAbdika sAmya hai, jo ApAtataH donoM ke kartA ke aikya kI saMbhAvanA ko janma detA hai / vaiSamyaprazamaratiprakaraNa tathA sabhASya tattvArthasUtra meM mahattvapUrNa saiddhAntika antara hai / (1) dravya saMkhyA-tattvArthasUtrakAra mukhya 5 dravya mAnate haiM / kAla dravya ke svatantra astitva ke viSaya meM ve udAsIna haiM / zvetAmbara pATha 'kAlazcetyeke / '23 to nizcita rUpa se kAla ke svatantra dravyatva ke viSaya meM sUtrakAra kI taTasthatA ko ghoSita kara rahA hai| digambara pATha 'kAlazca' ke dvArA bhI sUtrakAra kI mAnyatA kA vizleSaNa kareM, to kaha sakate haiM ki sUtrakAra isa viSaya meM taTastha the / ajIva dravyoM ke varNana se pA~cave adhyAya kA prArambha hotA hai yahA~ prathama sUtra meM dharma, adharma, aAkAza aura pudgala ina cAroM ko ajIvakAya kahA gayA hai / yahAM kAla ke kAyatva kA abhAva hone se usakA parigrahaNa nahIM kiyA gayA / dravyAriNa24 va jIvAzca25 ina do sUtroM ke uparAnta kAladravya kA ullekha saMbhava va Avazyaka thA, kintu yahA~ kAladravya kA varNana nahIM hai| jIvadravya kA varNana 2-4 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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pahale ke adhyAyoM meM ho cukA / pA~cave kAla vyatirikta cAra ajIva dravyoM kA varNana kara cukane ke pazcAt sUtrakAra dravya kA sAmAnya lakSaNa karate haiM / guNaparyayavad dravyam / isake uparAnta ve kAladravya kA ullekha karate haiM / 27 yadi sUtrakAra kAla ko bhI pRthak dravya mAnate, to avazya usakA ullekha bhI ajIvadravyoM kI gaNanA ke sAtha arthAt 'ajIvakAyA dharmA-dharmAkAzapudgalAH / 28 ke turanta bAda 'dravyANi' sUtra ke pahale karate, athavA jIvAzca ke sAtha arthAt usake turanta bAda karate / itanA nahIM to kama se kama dravya kA sAmAnya lakSaNa karane ke pUrva avazya karate / A AkAzAdekadravyAriNa niSkriyANi ca / ina do sUtroM dvArA dharma, adharma aura AkAza dravyoM ko eka-eka tathA niSkriya kahA hai / kAla dravya bhI niSkriya hai, para usakI niSkriyatA kA sUtroM meM kahIM saMketa nahIM hai / dravyoM ke pradezoM kI saMkhyA 30 kA vicAra karate samaya 'nANoH'31 aNu ko apradezI kahA hai / kAla bhI apradezI hai, parantu usakA ullekha nahIM hai| kAladravya kI yaha upekSA siddha karatI hai ki ve kAla ko svatantra dravya nahIM maante| bhASyakAra ne to sarvatra dravya ko pA~ca prakAra kA hI kahA hai-ete dharmAdayazcatvAro jIvAzca paJca dravyANi ca bhavantIti / 32 yA AkAzAd dharmAdInyeka dravyANyeva bhavanti / pudgalajIvAstvanekadrabyANi 133 dharma se AkAza taka dharma, adharma aura prAkAza eka dravya haiM / pudgala aura jIva aneka dravya hai / yahA~ bhI unhoMne kAla dravya kA ullekha nahIM kiyA hai / etAni dravyANi nityAni bhavanti / ............." na hi kadAcit paJcatvaM bhatArthatvaM ca vyabhicaranti / kAlazcetye ke kA bhASya hai-eke tvAcAryA vyAcakSate kAlo'pi dravyamiti / 35 prazamaratikAra ko nirvivAda rUpa se SaDdravya iSTa hai-- dharmA-dharmAkAzAni pudgalA: kAla eva cAjIvAH / pudgalavarjamarUpaM tu rUpiNaH pudgalAH proktAH / jIvAjIvA dravyamiti SaDvidhaM bhavati lokapuruSo'yam / vaizAkhasthAnasthaH puruSa iva kaTisthakarayugmaH // isa prakAra dravyoM ke viSaya meM saiddhAntika matabheda hai| (2) jIva ke bhAva-- tattvArthasUtra meM jIva ke pA~ca bhAva mAne gaye haiM / vahI bhAva bhASyakAra ko abhISTa hai / aupazamikakSAyiko bhAvau mizrazca jIvasya svatattvamaudayikapAriNAmikau ca / 37 prazamarati-prakaraNa kAra ne chaha bhAva mAne haiM / sAnnipAtika bhAva kA bhI parigrahaNa kiyA hai| bhAvA bhavanti jIvasyaudayika: pAriNAmikazcaiva / praupazamikaH kSayotthaH kSayopazamajazca paJcate / / te caikaviMzatitridvinavASTAdazavidhAzca vijJeyAH / paSThazca sAnnipatika ityanyaH paJcadazabhedaH // 38 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 . 2-5

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(3) Urdhvaloka prazamaratiprakaraNakAra ne Urdhvaloka ko 15 prakAra kA kahA hai| ye 15 bheda kauna se haiM, inakA vivaraNa nahIM hai| deva cAra prakAra ke haiM, inameM bhavanavAsI, vyantara aura jyotiSka madhyaloka meM rahate haiN| vaimAnika Urdhvaloka meM rahate haiM ve do prakAra ke haiM kalpopapanna aura kalpAtIta / kalpopapanna 12 prakAra ke haiM / kalpAtIta meM nau graiveyaka, (digambara paramparAnusAra nau anudiza) tathA 5 anuttara vimAnavAsI deva haiN| inake atirikta siddhazilA bhI Udhvaloka meM hai, jisameM siddhoM kA nivAsa hai| isa prakAra 12 kalpoM ke bAraha, greveyakoM kA eka, anuttara vimAnoM kA eka tathA ISatprAgbhAra yA siddhazilA kA eka bheda milAkara 15 bheda hote haiM / TIkAkAra ne 12 kalpoM ke 10 bheda kiye haiM kyoMki pAnata--prANata tathA pAraNa-acyuta ina yugaloM kA eka-eka indra hone se eka-eka bheda hai| nau greveyakoM ke adho, madhya tathA uparitana ke bhedAnusAra tIna bheda, pA~ca mahAvimAnoM kA eka bheda tathA ISatprAgbhAra kA eka bheda milAkara kula 15 bheda hote haiM / isa prakAra ina donoM prakAra kI gaNanAoM se Urdhva loka 15 prakAra kA hotA hai / ___ tattvArthabhASyakAra to jyotiSka devoM ke eka bheda prakIrNaka tArAtroM kI sthiti Urdhvaloka meM mAnate haiN| sUryAzcandramaso grahA nakSatrANi ca tiryagloke, zoSAstUrdhvaloke jyotiSkA bhavanti 139 isase spaSTa hai ki bhASyakAra ukta 15 bhedoM ke atirikta Urdhvaloka kA eka bheda aura mAna raheM haiM, jo ki prakIrNakatArAoM kA hai, jisakA samAveza ukta 15 bhedoM meM sambhava nahIM hai / (4) saMyama ke bhedoM meM antara-yadyapi prazamaratiprakaraNa tathA tattvArtha bhASya donoM meM saMyama ke 17 bheda pradarzita kiye gaye haiM, saMkhyA meM samAnatA hone para nAma alaga-alaga haiM / prazamaratiprakaraNa meM pA~ca prAsravadvAroM se virati, pA~ca indriyoM kA nigraha, cAra kaSAyoM para vijaya tathA tIna daNDa se uparati 17 prakAra kA saMyama mAnA gayA hai| paJcAsravAdviramaNaM paJcendriyanigrahazca kaSAyajayaH / daNDatrayaviratizceti saMyamaH saptadazabhedaH // 40 tattvArthabhASya meM ye bheda isa prakAra haiM yoganigrahaH saMyamaH / sa saptadazavidhaH / tadyathA pRthivIkAyikasaMyamaH, apkAyikasaMyamaH, tejaskAyikasaMyamaH, vAyukAyikasa yamaH, vanaspatikAyikasaMyamaH, dvIndriyasaMyamaH, trIndriyasaMyamaH, caturindriyasaMyamaH, paJcendriyasaMyamaH, prekSyasaMyamaH, upekSyasaMyamaH apahRtyasaMyamaH, pramRjyasaMyamaH, kAyasaMyamaH, vAk saMyamaH, manaH saMyamaH, upakaraNasaMyamaH, iti saMyamo dharmaH 141 tattvArthasUtra tathA bhASya ke sAtha prazamaratiprakaraNa kA ukta sAmya-vaiSamya isa bAta ko spaSTa karatA hai ki tattvArthasUtra tathA bhASya ke kartA va prazamarati ke karttA eka nahIM haiN| 2-6 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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tattvArthasUtra ke bhASyakAra ne apanI sampUrNa paricaya-paraka prazasti dI hai, parantu prazamaratikAra ne apanA nAmollekha bhI nahIM kiyA hai / isase donoM kA ruci-bheda prakaTa hotA hai / ina granthoM kA jo pArasparika bhAvagata sAmya hai, usakA kAraNa tattvajJAna kA eka hI srota se udbhUta honA saMbhava hai| isI kAraNa pAribhASika zabdoM meM samAnatA hai / zabdagata sAmya isa tathya ko spaSTa karatA hai ki tattvArthasUtra bhASya va prazamaratikAra ke samakSa vidyamAna the aura ve jina pUrvakaviyoM dvArA racita prazabhajananazAstrapaddhatiyoM kA ullekha karate haiM sabhASyatattvArthasUtra unameM se eka hai| prazamaratiprakaraNakAra svayaM kahate haiM ki jinavacanarUpa samudra ke pAra ko prApta hue mahAmati kavivaroM ne pahale vairAgya ko utpanna karane bAle aneka zAstra race haiN| unase nikale huye zru tavacanarUpa kucha karaNa dvAdazAGaga ke artha ke anusAra haiM / paramparA se ve bahuta thor3e raha gaye haiM, parantu maiMne unheM raGka ke samAna ekatra kiyA hai| zratavacanarUpa dhAnya ke kaNoM meM merI jo bhakti hai, usa bhakti ke sAmarthya se mujhe jo avimala, alpa buddhi prApta huI hai, apanI usI buddhi ke dvArA vairAgya ke premavaza maiMne vairAgya-mArga kI pagaDaMDI rUpa yaha racanA kI hai / 12 ___ ina kArikAmoM se spaSTa hai ki ukta prakaraNa kI racanA vibhinna viziSTa graMthoM ko lakSya meM rakhakara unakA sAra grahaNa kara kI gaI hai, unameM se eka tattvArthasUtra va usakA bhASya bhI hai / zabdasAmya kA yahI kAraNa hai| prazamaratiprakaraNa anyakartRka racanA pratIta hotI hai, kyoMki eka hI vyakti do granthoM meM do bhinna matoM kA pratipAdana nahIM kara sktaa| prAcIna (siddhasena-haribhadra Adi) tathA navIna vidvAnoM meM donoM ke ekakartRttva kI jo bhrAnti hai, usakA kAraNa ukta zabda sAmya hI pratIta hotA hai / OM 1. prazamaratiprakaraNa kArikA 194 3. vahI, 2-9 5. tattvArthasUtra 5-29, 5-30, 5-31, __5...32 (digambara pAThAnusAra) 7. tattvArtha sUtra 1-23 9. tattvArthasUtra 1-30 11. tattvArthasUtra 1-1 13. tattvArthasUtra 1-9 kA bhASya 15. tatvArthasUtra 1-1 kA bhASya / 17. tattvArtha sUtra 1-1 kA bhASya 19. tattvArtha sUtra 1-3 kA bhASya 21. prazamarati 225 23. tattvArtha sUtra 2-7 kA bhASya 2. tattvArthasUtra 2-8 4. prazama. 204 6. prazamaratiprakaraNa kArikA-2221 8. prazamarati 226 10. prazamarati 230 12. prazamarati 194 14 prazamarati 230 16. prazamarati 231 18. prazamarati 223 20. tattvArtha sUtra 1-13 22. prazamarati 156 24. tattvArthasUtra 5238 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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25. tattvArthasUtra 5-2 27. vahI 5 - 36 yA 38 29. vahI; 5-1 31. vahI 5 - 8,9,10,11 33. sabhASya tattvArthasUtra pR0 247 35. 5-6 kA bhASya 37. prazamarati prakaraNa kArikAH 2-8 207 va 210 1 39. tattvArthasUtra 4 - 14 kA bhASya / 41. tattvArthasUtra 96 kA bhApya 26. vahI 5-3 28.5-39 30 tattvArtha sUtra 5 / 6-7 32. vahI 5-11 34. 5-5 kA bhASya 36.5 -38 kA bhASya / 38. tattvArthasUtra 2 - 1 prazamaratiprakaraNa 196 va 197 40. prazamarati 172 42. prazamaratiprakaraNa: kArikA 5-7 kImatI ghor3A rAjA ne eka bar3I rakama dekara usa ghor3e ko kharIda kara astabala meM bheja diyA para ghor3e meM eka bahuta bar3I eba thI / vaha sadA manamAnI karatA thA / yadi usa para koI baiThatA to bajAya calane ke vaha vahIM baiTha jAtA yA phira aisA bhAgatA ki jaMgala meM jAkara hI rukatA / khAne ke liye bhI use acchI harI harI ghAsa cAhiye thI tathA dina rAta use khilAnA cAlU rakhate to pUre samaya khAyA hI karatA / jAnakAra ko jaba ghor3e kI eva bAbata batalAyA gayA to usane kahA - ise lagAma lagAiye tathA astabala se nikAla kara thor3e samaya bAjAra meM ghumAiye / jAnakAra ke kahe anusAra karane para thor3e dina meM ghor3A sughara gayA / ghor3A Aja bhI manamAnI / jAnakAra uttamapuruSa hamane bhI tyAga tapasyA kara mAnava janma pAyA para hamArA mana rUpI karatA hai | khAnA pInA tathA pAMcoM indriyoM ke viSayoM meM racApacA rahatA hai kahate haiM ki isa mana rUpI ghor3e ko tyAga evaM saMyama kI lagAma lagAiye nahIM to yaha jaMgala meM jAkara paTaka degA / tyAga evaM saMyama ke sAtha dharma sthAna para jAkara svAdhyAya meM mana lagAyA to jIvana unnata hone meM dera na lagegI zrI motIlAla surAnA indaura | mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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apane iSTa ke prati ananya anurAga bhakti kahalAtI hai| vaha prAyaH do prakAra se kI jAtI hai| apane ArAdhya ko jIvana lIlAoM tathA unake patitoddhAraka, donarakSaka, muktipradAtA Adi guNoM kA gAna karake athavA AtmA paramAtmA ke ajara, amara, akSata, niraMjana, cidAnanda Adi vizeSatAoM kA bakhAna karake tathA upAsya aura upAsaka ke ekAkAra hone kI bhAvanA bhA kara / prathama bhakti saguNa aura dUsarI nirguNa bhakti kahalAtI hai| yadyapi jaina Izvara ko kartA, hartA, phalapradAtA sRSTi kA niyantA nahIM mAnate tathApi ve paMca parameSThiyoM kI bhakti ko apane iSTa kI prApti meM nimitta mAnate haiM ataH UparI dRSTi se vaiSNava saguNa bhakti aura jainoM ke apane upAsya kI bhakti meM koI bheda dikhAI nahIM detaa| prAyaH aisA kahA jAtA hai ki jaina bhakti padoM para vaiSNava saguNa bhaktoM kA paryApta prabhAva hai kintu bAta isase ThIka ulaTI hai / kRSNa aura rAma vaiSNava saguNa upAsakoM ke pramukha upAsya haiM aura sUra tathA tulasI pramukha upAsaka / tulasI kI rAmAyaNa jahAM jaina svayaMbhU kavi se prabhAvita hai vahAM sUra ke kRSNa kAvya para apabhraza ke jaina kRSNa kAvyoM kA prabhAva hai / kaise ? yaha isa nibandha se jAniye / 1" -polyAkA sara ke kAvya para apanaza-kRSNa kAvya kA prabhAva .pro0 zrIraMjana sUrideva saMpAdaka-'pariSad patrikA' bihAra rASTrabhASA pariSad, paTanA apabhraza, bhASA kI vikAsa-paramparA meM honA yA unakA AdhAra grahaNa karanA kAvya racanA bhAratIya prAcyabhASA kI antima vikasita avasthA paramparA kI sahaja ekasUtratA kA dyotaka hai| hai aura yaha Adhunika bhAratIya Arya bhASAoM se isalie, apabhraMza aura hindI-kAvyoM meM samAnatA prApAtataH sambaddha hai| pariniSThita apabhraMza meM sthApita karane vAlI tAttvika pravRttiyoM kA samAveza prAdezikatA ke sannidhAna ke kAraNa prAcArya hemacandra hindI-sAhitya ke itihAsa kA eka ujjvala pakSa hai| (12 vIM zatI) ne ise grAmya apabhraMza kI saMjJA dI hai / hemacandra dvArA sandarbhita isI grAmya apabhraMza se apabhraMza-bhASA kA samaya pAMcavIM zatI se hindI kA vikAsa huA hai / ataeva, prAcIna hindI terahavIM-caudahavIM zatI taka dRSTigocara hotA hai| kaviyoM kA apabhraMza-kaviyoM kI kRtiyoM se prabhAvita kintu, apabhraMza-sAhitya kI upalabdhi AThavIM zatI 2-9 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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se prArambha hotI hai aurai sakA samRddhi-yuga navIM se tera havIM caudahavIM zatI taka hai| AThavIM navIM zatI meM prApta apabhraMza - sAhitya meM svayambhU kavi kA grAdima sthAna hai / inake atirikta, navIM se terahavIM-caudahavIM zatI taka kI avadhi meM puSpadanta, dhavala, dhanapAla, nayanaMdI, kanakAmara, dhAhilla, raidhU Adi aneka pAMya pratibhAzAlI kaviyoM ne apane vAgvaibhava kA vistAra kiyA hai / inameM kAvyAtmaka kathya aura zilpa kI dRSTi se puSpadanta kA nAma dhurikIrta - nIya hai / apabhraMza-sAhitya meM kAvyasRSTi kI dRSTi se svayambhU aura puSpadanta kA atizaya mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai, to sUra aura tulasI hindI sAhitya ke gauravAlaMkAra haiM / sAtha hI zodhacAkSuSa pradhyayana se yaha spaSTa hai ki hindI ke mahAkavi tulasI ne apane 'rAmacaritamAnasa' ke racanA-zilpa meM apabhraMza ke mahAkavi svayambhU kI rAmAyaNa 'paumacariu' ke prabhAva ko AtmasAt kiyA hai, to mahAkavi sUradAsa ne puSpadanta kI apabhraMza kRti 'mahApurANa' ke bhAvazilpa se apane kAvyatattva ko viziSTatA pradAna kI hai / mahAkavi puSpadanta aura mahAkavi sUradAsa kA samaya, dArzanika mAnyatAeM, bhASA-saMskAra, varNanazailI aura yahAM taka ki kAvya-vastu meM bhI spaSTa pArthakya dRSTigata hotA hai, phira bhI dono ke kRSNalIlA citraraNa meM mUlabhUta samAnatAeM haiN| puSpadanta apabhraMza ke kavi haiM aura sUradAsa ne brajabhASA meM apane kAvyoM kA nibandhana kiyA hai| puSpadanta kA samaya dasavIM zatI kA madhyabhAga hai, jabaki dezI rAjyoM ke bIca sattA hastagata karane ke lie pArasparika saMgharSa cala rahA thA aura sUradAsa ne solahavIM zatI meM, arthAt mugaloM ke utkarSa kAla meM apanI kAvya-bhAratI kA vistAra kiyA thaa| puSpadanta ne apane 'mahApurANa' meM kRSNa kathA ko bIjarUpa 2-10 meM upanyasta kiyA hai, to sUra ne apane 'sUrasAgara' meM kRSNa kI lIlAmayI kathA ko virATa aura vyApaka phalaka para utArA hai| hAlA~ki, 'sUrasAgara' zrImadbhAgavata gItA para AdhRta hai, kintu sUra ne dasaveM skandha meM kRSNa kI lalita lIlAoM ko itanA adhika vaividhya aura vistAra pradAna kiyA hai ki vaha eka svatantra kAvya sRSTi bana gaI hai / 'sUrasAgara' kI kRSNalIlAoM kA pAramparika preraNA-srota 'vidyApati padAvalI' aura 'gItagoviMda' hai, aisI bhI sAmAnya dhAraNA hai / kintu AcArya rAmacandra zukla ne sUradAsa ke pahale bhI kRSNalIlA gAna kI likhita yA maukhika pUrva-paramparA ke rahane kI ora saMketa kiyA hai| isI tathya saMketa ke sandarbha meM 'mahApurANa' meM citrita kRSNalIlAoM ko dekhakara yaha bAta sthira ho jAtI hai ki IsA kI dasavIM zatI meM kRSNa kI vAlya aura yauvana kI lIlAeM apane navyatama pariveza meM sAtizaya lokapriya hone ke sAtha hI bhASA - kAvya meM bhI pratiSThita ho cukI thI / puSpadanta ne bhI sUradAsa kI taraha hI kRSNa kI sAmAnya bAla lIlAoM sAtha unakI mithakIya, arthAt devI yA paurANika lIlAoM kA bhI varNana upasthita kiyA hai / ke dvArA puSpadanta se sIdhe preraNA grahaNa sUra karane kI bAta vivAdAspada bhale hI ho, kintu donoM ke kRSNalIlA - varNana kA nyUnAdhika mUlabhUta samAnatAoM se inakAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / varNana meM antara kevala sampradAya-bheda ke kAraNa hI AyA hai / 'mahApurANa' jaina paramparA kA paripoSaka hai, to 'sUrasAgara' vaidika paramparA ke paryAvaraNa meM prastuta huA hai| saca pUchie to jaina, bauddha aura vaidika paramparAoM kI kathAoM kI prAtmAeM eka haiM, vividhatA hai. to kevala vacobhaMgI kaa| jJAtavya hai ki jaina kathAeM jahAM prAyaH laukika hotI haiM vahAM vaidika yA paurANika kathAoM meM alaukikatA kI sthApanA kI paramparA dRSTigocara hotI hai / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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kRSNakathA kI lokAtizAyinI priyatA ke kAraNa NaM mAhabahu pakkhu sA posaI // puSpadanta ne jaina kRSNa se sambaddha apane 'mahApurANa' bihiM bhAihiM thakkau tIririNajalu / kAvya graMtha meM sAmAnya dhAraNA se kucha viparIta NaM gharaNAri vihattau kajjalu // vAteM joDI haiN| 'mahApurANa' kI 83-86 vIM ___arthAt, yamunA nadI kRSNa ke prati itanI adhika sandhiyoM meM mukhyataH kRSNalIlA kA hI varNana hai / bhakti-vibhora ho jAya ki vaha gerU ke raMga se raMge isake atirikta 87--88 vIM sandhiyoM meM bhI jarAsandha aura bAIsaveM tIrthakara neminAtha ke kathA-prasaMga jala ke kapar3e pahana le, pAnI meM gire hue phUloM se apanI kabarI (jUr3A) saMvAra le, snAna karatI meM zrIkRSNa kA caritra-citraNa huA hai| kinnara-vadhunoM ke stanoM dvArA apanA vAtsalya puSpadanta ke anusAra mAtA-pitA kI kArAvAsa pradarzita kare, laharoM ke vilAsa se vibhrama paidA kare, meM avasthiti ke samaya yathAnirdhArita sAmAnya janma- jala meM rahane vAle nAgarAja kI maNiyoM kI kiraNoM kAla ke pahale arthAt sAtaveM mahIne meM hotA hai| se adhika Aloka bikhera de, kamala kI AMkhoM se yahI kAraNa hai ki kRSNAvadha kA icchuka kaMsa kRSNa ko dekhe, atizaya nirmala jalakaNoM ke cAvaloM tatkAla kRSNajanma kI bAta se anabhijJa raha jAtA se bhare kamalinI ke pattoM ke thAla se AratI utAre, hai / vasudeva navajAta bAlaka ko goda meM uThAte haiM kalakala zabdoM se maMgala kI ghoSaNA karatI huI vaha aura balarAma usa para chatra kI chAyA karate haiM / eka kRSNa ke zarIra kA poSaNa kare graura kRSNa ko deva vRSabha kA rUpa dhAraNa kara apane sIMgoM se prakAza mArga dene ke lie yamunA nadI kA jala gRhiNI ke karatA hai| kaMsa ke bhaya se ve tInoM dhIre dhIre calate sImanta dvArA vibhakta kAle-kajarAre kezapAza kI haiM / bAlaka ke agUThe kA sparza hote hI gokula ke taraha do bhAgoM meM baMTa jAya / gopura kA dvAra khula jAtA hai| ugrasena ko yaha batAne para ki yaha bAlaka unheM paryApta sukha-samRddhi sUra ne kRSNa janma kI ghaTanAoM ko mithaka ke pradAna karegA, Age bar3hakara goda meM le lete haiN| sandarbha meM prastuta kiyA hai| kRSNa yogamAyA ke prabhAva se devakI ke ghara meM Ate haiM aura janma ke kRSNa kI AratI utAratI-sI yamunA nadI bAda vAsUdeva se kaha dete haiM ki ve unheM gokUla kalakala zabda ke sAtha baha rahI hai| puSpadanta kavi pavA. ke bhAva-vimugdha yamunA-varNana kI eka manorama jhAMkI draSTavya hai : aho vasudeva jAhu lai gokula / / tuma ho parama sabhAge // garuyara ta tou rattabaru / NaM parihai yakusumahiM kabbaru // vasudeva kRSNa ko goda meM le jAte haiM aura kiNariyaNa siharai NaM dAvai / zeSa nAga unapara apane phaNoM se chAyA karatA hai / vibbhayehi NaM saMsau bhAvai // vasUdeva sIdhe nanda ke ghara pahaMcakara kanyA se bAlaka phariNamaNi - kiraNahi NaM ujjoyau / kA vinimaya kara mathurA vApasa A jAte haiM aura kamalacchihie kaNDu paloyaI // yathAvacana vaha kanyA kaMsa ko samarpita kara dI bhisiriNapatta thAlehiM suriNammala / jAtI hai| uccAiya raNaM khalakaNa-tandula // khalakhalaMti NaM maMgalu ghosai / puSpadanta ne isa prasaMga meM thor3A parivartana kara mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-11

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diyA hai| unake kathya meM tatkAlIna loka-vizvAsa pAtra meM apanI parachAI dekhakara kRSNa use bulAte kI anudhvani mukhara hai| unake anusAra, bAlaka haiM / yaha dekha nanda aura yazodA Apasa meM haMsate haiM ko lekara yamunA pAra karate hI balarAma ko nanda aura kRSNa ko apanI chAtI se lagA lete haiM : milate haiM / nanda kI goda meM navajAta kanyA hai / pUchane para ve batAte haiM ki unakI patnI yazodA ke ghaya bhAyariNa avaloivi bhAvai / - dvArA putra kI prApti ke lie devI kI manautI Niya paDibiMbu biThTha bollAvai / / mAnane ke bAvajUda putrI utpanna huii| isalie, ve hasai NaMdu leppiNu avaruNDai / use vApasa karane ke lie devI ke nikaTa jA rahe haiN| tahu urayalu paramesara maMDai / / balarAma avasara kA lAbha uThAkara nanda se kahate isI kAvya-prasaMga ko sUradAsa kI kArukAritA haiM-'lo yaha putra / devI ne tumhAre lie hI bhejA ke sandarbha meM dekhie / bAla-lIlA kA kitanA hai aura apanI putrI mujhe de do|' balarAma lar3akI manohArI rUpa hai ! sUra kI paMktiyAM haiM : ko lekara lauTa jAte haiN| yahAM bhI lar3akI kaMsa ko sauMpa dI jAtI hai| kaMsa usake nAka-kAna kaTavAkara mAkhana khAta haMsata kilakata / use talaghara meM DalavA detA hai| kanyA bAda meM hari svaccha ghaTa dekhyo / bhikSuNI bana jAtI hai lekina vaha kRSNa janma ke nija pratibiMba nirakhi risa / sambandha meM AkAzavANI nahIM krtii| hAlAMki mAnata jAnata prAna parekhyoM / / 'sUrasAgara' meM jaise hI kaMsa kanyA ko patthara para paTakanA cAhatA hai, vaise hI kanyA usake hAtha se kRSNa kI devI lIlAoM meM unakA alaukika chUTakara AkAza meM ur3a jAtI hai aura kRSNa janma kI vyaktitva ubharakara sAmane AtA hai| 'sUrasAgara' meM sUcanA detI hai / 'mahApurANa' ke anusAra, kaMsa ko kaMsa ko kRSNa janma kI sUcanA yoga kanyA se hI bahuta bAda meM varuNa jyotiSI se kRSNa janma kA mila jAtI hai, ataeva vaha prArambha se hI kRSNa ko patA calatA hai / nissandeha, 'mahApurANa' aura vividha prakAra se upadrata karatA hai / parantu 'sUrasAgara' meM kRSNa janma kI alaukika pRSThabhUmi 'mahApurANa' ke kaMsa ko kRSNa janma kI sUcanA taba aura paristhitiyAM samAna rUpa se vaNita haiM, kintu milatI hai, jaba kRSNa kA puNya-pratApa paravAna car3ha usake kAraNoM meM paryApta bhinnatA hai| cukA hotA hai| kaMsa ke duHsvapna dekhane ke bAda jyotiSI varuNa use svapnaphala batAne ke krama meM 'mahApurANa' meM kRSNa kI bAla-lIlAnoM ko kRSNa janma kI sUcanA detA hai| kaMsa pUtanA ko mAnavI aura daivI ina do rUpoM meM vibhakta kiyA kRSNavadha ke lie bhejatA hai, parantu kRSNa hI putanA gayA hai| mAnavI lIlAoM meM dhUlidhasara bAlaka kA ke rakta-mA~sa cUsa lete haiM / usake bAda eka devI gopiyoM ke hRdaya carAnA, mathAnI pakaDanA aura zakaTAsura kA rUpa dharakara pAtI hai aura kRSNa se mathAnI ko tor3a denA, adhabiloyA dahI bikhera parAjita hokara bhAga khaDI hotI hai| yazodA Ukhala denA, gopiyoM kA kRSNa ko pakar3anA aura mathAnI se kRSNa ko bAMdhakara yamunA kinAre calI jAtI tor3ane ke badale meM AliMgana mAMganA yA dina-bharake hai| bAlaka kRSNa unake pIche lagatA hai| isI lie prAMgana kI kaida de denA grAdi haiN| bIca eka rAkSasa kRSNa para per3a ukhAr3akara pheMkatA haiM, jo unakI bhujAnoM se TakarAkara cUra-cUra ho bAla-lIlA kA eka rocaka prasaMga hai / ghI ke jAtA hai / isI prakAra, eka gardabhI aura azva 2-12 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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upadrava karane Ate haiM aura donoM burI taraha parAsta bAda kRSNa ugrasena ko mathurA ke rAjya siMhAsana hote haiM / panihArineM yazodA ko sArI bAteM batAtI para sthApita kara zauripura jAne kA nizcaya haiM / yazodA daur3akara pAtI hai aura bAlaka ke Ahata karate haiM / hone kI AzaMkA se use sahalAtI hai tathA baMdhana khola detI hai / isake bAda bAlaka kRSNa ariSTa ko pachAr3ate 'sUrasAgara' meM kaMsa, kRSNa ko bulAne ke lie, haiN| unakI kIrti samasta gokala meM phaila jAtI hai| akrUra ko bhejatA hai / kRSNa ke sAtha kevala nanda yazodA ko jaba yaha vAta mAlUma hotI hai, taba vaha jAte haiM--yazodA aura dUsarI gopiyAM nahIM jAtI kur3hakara socatI hai-yaha merI kokha se bAlaka nahIM hai| devakAya, yAnI kasavadha hone ke bAda bhI jaba rAkSasa paidA hanA hai loga dekhate hI raha jAte haiM aura kRSNa vRndAvana lauTane ko rAjI nahIM hote, taba merA bAlaka akele saMkaToM se bhiDa jAtA hai ! aura nanda akele vApasa cale jAte haiN| kRSNa ke binA taba zrI kRSNa ko uThAkara ghara le jAtI haiM / varSA meM / unakI vApasI para yazodA aura gopiyoM kI gaMbhIra govardhana parvata uThA lene se kRSNa kI khyAti diganta pratikriyA hotI hai| bAda meM, kRSNa apanA kuzalaprasArI ho jAtI hai / kRSNa ko mathurA bulAne ke sandeza dene ke lie uddhava ko gokula bhejate haiM / vyAja se kaMsa apanI kanyA ke svayaMvara kA ThATa / ___ uddhava se nirguNa-sAdhanA kA upadeza sunakara racatA hai (jana kathA--paramparA meM mamerI bahana se gopiyoM ko gaharA AghAta pahuMcAtA hai| ve usakA vivAha kA pracalana pracuratA se milatA haiM / ) svayaM-- kaThora pratyAkhyAna karatI haiM aura isa prakAra saguNa premAbhakti ke samarthana meM upAlambha-pradhAna eka navIna vara meM jAne ke lie jarAsandha ke putra bhAnu aura pAkhyAna-kAvya kI saSTi ho jAtI hai| puSpadanta subhAnu ke sAtha kRSNa bhI ho lete haiN| ke kRSNa kAvya meM isa madhumaya prasaMga kA prabhAva hai / unake anusAra, kRSNa ke sAtha gvAlabAla aura 'mahApurANa' aura 'sUrasAgara'-donoM ke varNana nanda-yazodA bhI mathurA jAte haiN| zaurIpura jAne ke krama meM pramukha aura mahattvapUrva vaibhinnya yaha hai ki pUrva kRSNa sabakI kAmanAeM pUrI kara vidAI dete haiM puSpadanta ke kRSNa jarAsandha ke putra bhAnu-subhAnu ke aura nanda-yazodA ke avismaraNIya upakAra ko anusAra banakara jAte haiM, jahAM ve kaMsa kI kanyA ke kRtajJatApUrvaka svIkAra karate hue kahate haiM : svayaMvara kI zartoM ko pUrA kara dete haiN| kaMsa apane zatra kRSNa ko pahacAna letA hai aura unake sasainya . iya govIyaNa vayaraNaiM sunnNtu| . vadha kI yojanA banAtA hai| balarAma nanda ko isa kIlai paramesaru dara hasaMtu // bAta kI sUcanA dete haiM / phalataH, nanda surakSA kI sambhAsiyau mellivi gavvabhAu / dRSTi se gokula se anyatra 'nandagokula' nAma kI iha jammahu mahu tuhaM tAya tAu / / bastI basAte haiM / kaMsa vahAM bhI kRSNa kA pIchA paripAliu thagaNa-tharaNena jAI / nahIM chor3atA hai| vaha kRSNa ke lie, yamunA se bIsarami na khaNumi jsoimaai|| . kamala lAne kA Adeza bhejatA hai / nanda para isakI kaivaya diyahiiM tahu jAhi tAma / gaharI pratikriyA hotI hai| kRSNa na kevala kamala paDivakkha kulakkhau karami jAma / / tor3a lAte haiM, pratya ta muSTika aura cANUra ke sAtha kaMsa kA bhI kAma tamAma kara dete haiN| AkAza se hone arthAt, isa prakAra gopiyoM kI bAteM sunate vAlI puSpa vRSTi ke bIca kRSNa kA apane kula ke aura kucha haMsate hue 'paramesaru' (kRSNa paramezvara) uddhAraka-rUpa meM abhinandana kiyA jAtA hai / isake krIDA karate rahe, yAnI manovinoda kI sthiti meM mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-13

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rahe / bAda meM garvabhAva choDakara unhoMne nanda se kahA mahaM uppari dIsahiM adhiracitta / / ki isa janma meM Apa mere tAta haiN| maiM yazodA kavi bhaNai dahiu-maMthaMtiyAi / mAtA ko eka kSaNa ke lie nahIM bhUla sakatA, tuhuM mahuM dhariyau unbhaMtiyAI / / jinhoMne apane stanoM kA dUdha pilAkara mujhe pAlA / lavaNIya litta karu tujha laggu / kucha dinoM ke lie Apaloga cale joyeM, taba taka kavi bhaNai paloyai majhu maggu / / maiM pratipakSiyoM kA kulakSaya kara luu| tuhaM riNa siNArAyaNa suyahi NAhiM / prAliMgiu avarahiM goviyAhiM / / kRSNa kI isa kRtajJatA kI anudhvani 'sUra so suyarahiM ki raNa pauNNabaMcha / sAgara' meM bhI sunAI paDatI hai, jaba ve uddhava se sandeza le jAne kI bAta kahate haiM : saMkeya kuDaNguDDIraNa-richa / / pattA-kAvi bhaNai vAsaMtu / Udho mohi braja bisarata nAhIM / uddharivi khIra bhiMgArau / / prAta samaya mAtA jasumati aru / ki bIsariyau ajju / nanda dekhi sukha pAvata // jaM maI sita bhaDArau / / mAkhana roTI dehI sajAyau / ati hita sAtha khabAvata // arthAt, he prabhu, tumane kucha dinoM taka ratikrIDA anagana bhAMti karI bahulIlA / ke nimitta hama gopiyoM ko apane pAsa bulAyA thaa| jasudA nanda nibAhIM // he mAdhava tumane yamunA kinAre hamAre kaTivastroM kA apaharaNa kiyA thA aura aba mathurA kI striyoM para / puSpadanta ne bAla-lIlAoM kA hI pratyakSa varNana tuma anurakta ho, hamase tumhArA mana virakta ho kiyA hai, kintu yauvana-lIlAoM kA jAna-bUjhakara gayA hai| koI kahatI hai: maiMne dahI mathate tumheM pakaDa varNana nahIM kiyA hai| puSpadanta kRSNa kI bAla- liyA thA aura makkhana se lipaTA tumhArA hAtha mujhe lIlAoM ke bAda kI zRgAra-lIlAoM ke varNana ke laga gayA thaa| koI kahatI hai : tuma merA mArga viSaya meM spaSTatayA mukhara nahIM hai| lekina, unheM dekho, rAta tuma so nahIM sake; kyoMki dUsarI gAra-lIlAoM kI jAnakArI nahIM thI, aisI gopiyoM ne tamhArA grAliMgana kiyA hai| tamhArA bAta nahIM hai / Upara kahA gayA hai kRSNa gopIjanoM ratisUkha se mana nahIM bharA aura tama saMketa-niTapa kI bAteM sunakara kucha muskarAte rahe (dara hsNtu)| ke pAsa jAne ko utsuka ho| koI kahatI hai : vAstava meM puSpadanta ne ina bAtoM ke byAja se bar3I kyA tuma bhUla gaye, jaba maiMne tamheM dudha kI bhArI se kuzalatApUrvaka saMyoga-lIlAoM kA AbhAsa de diyA bhigo diyA thaa| hai| mathurA-pravAsa ke samaya hI kucha dinoM taka kRSNa ke sAtha rati krIr3A karane vAlI gopiyAM unase sopAlambha kahanA anapekSita na hogA ki sUra ne bhI apanI kRSNa zRgAra-lIlA ke varNana-krama meM ukta prakAra kahatI haiM : ke bhAva pariprekSya meM aneka rasamaya prasaMgoM kI kaivai diyahahiM raikIlarIhi / avatAraNA kI hai| hAlAMki, puSpadanta ke bhAvabollAviu pai govAliNIhi / / viniyoga se sUradAsa kI bhAvapaMguttau pai mAdhava suhillu / tanmayatA kA vinyAsa adhika marmabedhaka bana par3A hai, kAliMdI tIri merauM kaDillu / / jo puSpadanta kA hI bIjarUpa rasamAdhurI kI paraMparA evahiM mahurA-kAsiriNahi ratta / kA caramotkarSa hai| 2-14 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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sUradAsa para puSpadanta se itara kaviyoM kA kevala suNNa carei // prabhAva : uDDo vohina kAu jimu / sUradAsa puSpadanta se itara apabhraMsa-kaviyoM se paluTia taha vi paDei // bhI prabhAvita the, aisI sambhAvanA sUra ke katipaya sUradAsa ne apane kAvya meM bhakti-paravaza mana padoM se dRDha hotI hai| sUra ne siddha kaviyoM kI ke lie isI upamA kA kaI rUpoM meM prayoga upamAnoM aura apabhraza-kaviyoM ke padyoM ko dhArmika kiyA hai : pariveza pradAna kara apane bhaktikAvya kA viSaya banA liyA hai / AcArya hemacandra ne apane prAkRta 1. jaise ur3i jahAja ko paMchI / vyAkaraNa ke apabhraMza-prakaraNa meM 'ktvA' pratyaya ke phiri jahAja pa prAvai // 'iva' Adeza ke prasaMga meM eka apabhraMza-padya kA (vinaya-pada) udAharaNa upasthita kiyA hai : 2. aba mana bhayA siMdha ke khaga jyoN| phiri phiri sarata jahAjana / / bAha vichoDavi jAhi tuhu~ / hauM te veMi ko dosu / / (bhramaragIta, 46) hiaya-TThiya jai nIsarahi / 3. thakita siMdha naukA ke khaga jyoN| jANauM muja sarosu / / phiri phiri pheri vahai guna gAvata / / arthAt, he muja! tuma bA~ha chuDAkara jA rahe ___ (bhra0 gIta, 60) ho, tumheM kyA doSa dU / yadi mere hRdaya se nikala 4. bhaTaki phiryo vohita ke khaga jyoN| jAnoge, to jAnUgI ki tuma saroSa ho / puni phiri hari pai Ayo / / (bhra0 gI0, 119) isa dohe kI zRMgAra bhAvanA ko sUra ne bhaktibhAvanA meM pariNata karate hue isakA nibandhana isa sUradAsa ke 'sUrasAgara' meM katipaya dRSTa kUTa bhI prakAra kiyA hai : milate haiM sUra ke ina dRSTa kUToM kA bIja siddhoM kI apabhraMzabahula sandhyA bhASA ke aneka padoM meM bhI baoNha chor3Aye jAta ho / upalabhya sambhava hai| na kevala sUra-sAhitya para, nibala jAni ke mohi / / apitu hindI-sAhitya ke bhinna-bhinna kAloM para hiradai teM jaba jAhuge / apabhraza-sAhitya kI paramparA kA prabhAva spaSTa sabala jAnugo tohi / / parilakSita hotA hai| isase yaha tathya udbhAvita siddhoM ne bAra-bAra viSayoM kI aora prabhAvita hotA hai ki vaidika sAhitya se hindI-sAhitya taka eka akhaNDa bhAvadhArA pravAhita hotI A rahI hai, hone vAle mana kI tulanA jahAja para baiThe paMchI se vizeSakara AdhyAtmika aura upadezAtmaka bhAvadhArA kI hai| sUra ne usI upamA kA prayoga bAra-bAra kI gati to prAyaH samAnAntara rahI hai / samaya-samaya kRSNa kI aora daur3ane vAle gopiyoM ke mana ko isa dhArA ke bAhya rUpa meM parivartana avazya hotA lakSya kara kiyA hai| viSayaralipsu mana ke saMbaMdha rahA, kintu mUlabhAvanA apanI sanAtanatA ke sAtha meM saraha kA eka dohA hai : surakSita hai| visapa visuddha Nau ramai / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-15

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satya ke dharAtala para do kSaNikAeM zrI zarmana lAla "sarasa" sakarAra (bhAMsI) eka jamAnA thA, jaba gAya siMha eka ghATa pAnI pIte the, aba - gAya siMha to dUra, eka prAMta ke do bhAI eka sAtha, pAnI nahIM pIte haiM, ve - dveSa se bhare, pyAra se rIte haiM aba - durbala ho yA balavAna, nirdhana ho yA dhanavAna, buddhU ho yA vidvAna, AdamI meM itanI kaTutA hone lagI hai, ki - pazutA taka rone lagI hai, Aja hA~ pAjaeka cAdara meM do kutte eka sAtha so sakate haiM, para - do- insAna eka sAtha nahIM so pAyeMge, ve cIkheMge cillAyeMge aura dAva lagate hI kATa khaayeNge| (2) hamArI prAcaraNahInatA ko, mahAvIra kA nAma nahIM pATa sakatA hai, socie to sahI kahIM paMgu pahADa lAMgha sakatA hai, hama bhale hI vidhAna kareM, vimAna nikAleM, maMdiroM ke nagara gar3heM, pratimAoM ke prambAra lagAleM, sundara boleM acchA samajhAyeM jhAMkI jalUsoM se jamAne para chAjAe para - jaba taka hamAre jIvana meM, bhAcaraNa ke nizAna nahIM haiM, deva hone kI to bAta dUra, hama insAna nahIM haiN| 2-16 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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- bhAratIya itihAsa meM khAravela ke hAthI guphA vAle zilAlekha kA bahuta bar3A mahatva hai / vidvAnoM ko isa lekha ke par3hane meM sau varSa se bhI adhika kA samaya lagA / aise mahatvapUrNa lekha ko saMskRta chAyA aura hindI anuvAda lekhaka dvaya ne bar3e parizrama se taiyAra kiyA jo smArikA ke san 1976 ke aMka meM prakAzita huaa| isake pazcAt san 1977 ko smArikA meM unhoMne kaI tarkoM ke AdhAra se khAravela kI rAjyArohaNa tithi IsA pUrva prathama zatI kA antima caraNa nizcita kI / usI krama meM vidvAn lekhakoM kA yaha cauthA nibandha hai jisameM ukta zilAlekha ke AdhAra para khAravela ke prArambhika jIvana kI kucha ghaTanAoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| smArikA ke isa aMka meM bhI yaha prakaraNa samApta nahIM huA hai / aise zramasAdhya kArya ke lie lekhaka dvaya abhinandana ke pAtra haiN| -polyAkA khAravela kA prArambhika jIvana nIraja jaina ema0 e0, ) DA0 kanhaiyAlAla agravAla, satanA do hajAra varSa prAcIna hAthIgumphA abhilekha ke prativarSa kI ghaTanAoM kA ullekha hai, jisake khaNDagiri-udayagiri parvata ke dakSiNa kI ora AdhAra para hama smArikA ke 1975, 76 aura 77 lAla-baluve patthara kI eka caur3I prAkRtika guhA meM ke aMkoM meM tIna lekha prakAzita karA cuke haiM / lekha utkIrNa hai / isameM satraha paMktiyAM haiM / prastuta lekha zRMkhalA kI cauthI kizta ke rUpa meM prastuta haipahalI bAra sTarliMga dvArA 1820 I0 meM prakAza meM 'khAravela kA prArambhika jiivn'| paayaa| taba se 1927 I0 taka isake saMzodhita pATha samaya-samaya para prakAzita hote rahe / isa prakAra mahAmeghavAhana vivecya abhilekha par3hane aura samajhane meM lagabhaga eka hAthIgumphA abhilekha meM khAravela ko zatI (1820 I0 se 1917 I0) kA dIrghakAla 'mahAmeghavAhanena' kahA gayA hai / eka anya abhilekha lagA / isa abhilekha meM kaliMga cakravartI jaina samrATa meM usake putra aura uttarAdhikArI rAjA vakradeva ko khAravela ke vyaktitva aura prazAsanakAla kI ghaTanAoM 'mahAmeghavAhanasya' kahA gayA hai| ina sandarbho se kA vistRta paricaya diyA gayA hai / isakI eka spaSTa hotA hai ki khAravela 'mahAmeghavAhana' upAdhi pramukha vizeSatA yaha hai ki isameM khAravela ke zAsana dhAraNa karatA thA aura usake uttarAdhikArI bhI mahAbIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-17

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isa upAdhi kA prayoga gauravapUrvaka karate the| karate haiM aura eka jAtaka kathA ke AdhAra para vyutpatti sambandhI niyama se 'mahAmeghavAhana' kA artha isakA artha 'svAmI' batAte haiM / DA0 sukumAra sena16 hai : 'vaha vyakti jisakA vAhana mahAmegha arthAt ise vaidika 'ira' se niSpanna paravartI vaidikakAla ke bAdala ke samAna mahAn rAjahasti ho / '3 meghoM ke aira' kA paryAya batAte haiM aura isakA artha 'jala, atirikta isa zabda kA artha 'hAthI' bhI hotA hai| jalapAna, bhojana, ArAma aura manoraMjana' karate haiN| arthazAstra se vidita hotA hai ki kaliMgadeza meM isa artha ke AdhAra para DA0 sena ise vaidika 'irya' uttama koTi ke hAthI hote the| kurudhamma aura kA paryAya svIkAra karate haiM jisakA tAtparya aise vessantara jAtaka kathAnoM se prakaTa hotA hai ki svAmI se hai jo phurtIlA, zaktivAna aura prabala ho / rAjahasti se prajA kI dhArmika bhAvanAyeM sambaddha thii| DA0 kAzIprasAda jAyasavAla kA mata hai ki rAja kIya upAdhi kA pahalA zabda 'aira' hai jisakA prayoga cUki indra kA vAhana hAthI hai, ataH mahA eka sAtavAhana abhilekha meM bhI huA hai| senAra ne meghavAhana indra kA paryAya ho sakatA hai| vaha meghoM isakA anuvAda 'Arya' kiyA hai / DA0 jAyasavAla kA devatA kahA jAtA hai| isaliye jalavRSTi kA kA kathana hai ki khAravela kI adhikAMza prajA draviNa bhI usase sambandha hai / vaha devoM kA deva hai, ataH yA Arya draviNoM kI thI, ataH yahAM khAravela dvArA mahendra kahA jAtA hai / yahA~ bhI mahAmeghavAhana viruda aira' zabda kA prayoga apanI rakta zreSThatA siddha se kucha isI taraha kA artha dhvanita hotA hai| DA0 karane ke liye kiyA gayA hai| cUMki khAravela eka barugrA' kA mata hai ki abhilekha kI solahavIM paMkti prAdarza aura lokapriya zAsaka thA, ataH DA0 meM 'indrarAja' zabda ke prayoga se spaSTa mAlUma hotA hai jAyasavAla kA ukta mata sandeha se pare nahIM hai| ki khAravela kI tulanA indra se kI gayI hai / to bhI, DA0 rAkhAladAsa banarjI18 kA mata hai ki 'ra' 'aiDa' DA0 barupA kA 'indrarAja' zabda DA0 jAyasavAla athavA 'aila' kA paryAya hai jisakA artha hai 'IlA' yA aura DA0 sarakAra dvArA bhikSurAja par3hA gayA hai| 'ilA kI santAna' / DA0 dinezacandra sarakAra bhI ataH DA0 barugrA kA pATha svIkAra nahIM kiyA jA , uparyukta mata ko svIkAra karate hue kahate haiM ki sakatA / 'aila' candravaMzI the / yahI mata upayukta pratIta hotA hai| prAcIna bhArata meM meghavAhana zabda kA prayoga vyaktigata aura rAjavaMzIya nAmoM ke liye hA hai cedivaMza jisakI puSTi mahAbhArata, rAjataraMgiNI1 aura khAravela svayaM ko cedirAja ke vaMza 0 kA jaina sAhitya se hotI hai / DA0 jAyasavAla13 kA batAtA hai / itanA hI nahIM apane abhilekha kI mata hai ki purANoM meM variNata megha zabda mahAmeghavAhana satrahavIM paMkti meM apane kathana ko spaSTa karate hue kA saMkSipta rUpa hai / megha athavA maghal4 eka hI haiM : svayaM ko cedinareza vasu kA vaMzaja kahatA hai / jinhoMne tIsarI zatI I0 taka dakSiNa kosala meM Rgveda-1 meM cedi deza ke nivAsiyoM ke sAtha vahAM zAsana kiyaa| ke rAjA kasU caidya kA ullekha milatA hai| pro0 raipsana ne isa kasu caidya ko mahAbhArata meM ullikhita isa virud kA artha spaSTa nahIM hai / DA. vasu batAyA hai| yaha vasu cedideza (prAdhunika brupaa| ise 'vera' par3hate haiM aura vIra kA paryAya bundelakhaNDa) kA zAsaka thaa| usakI rAjadhAnI svIkAra karate haiM / ve isake 'aira' pATha ko bhI mAnya zuktimatIpurI thI / 23 cetiya jAtaka ke anusAra 2-18 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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ke pAMca vasu the jinhoMne hatthipura ( hastinApura ) putra assapura (raMga janapada, sIhapura (lAla rASTra meM, uttarI paMjAba meM bhI ), uttara paMcAla aura daddapura (himavanta pradeza ) nAmaka pAMca nagara basAye / cetiya jAtaka ke samAna mahAbhArata meM vasu ke pAMca putra batAye gaye haiM jo mahAparAkramI aura projasvI the / rAjA ne vibhinna rAjyoM meM apane putroM ko abhiSikta kara diyaa| ina putroM meM vRhadratha magadha kA mahApratApI rAjA huaa| dUsare putra kA nAma pratyagraha, tIsare kA kuzAmba (mariNavAhana), cauthe kA malla aura pAMcave kA yadu thaa| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki cediyoM kI eka zAkhA kaliMga meM basa gayI jisakA ullekha khAravela apane abhilekha meM karatA hai / khAravela khAravela ke prArambhika jIvana para vicAra karane se pahale 'khAravela' zabda kA artha jAna lenA grAvazyaka hai / DA0jAyasavAla 27 kA kathana hai ki khAravela khAra + vela zabdoM se milakara banA hai jisakA artha hai khArI laharoM vAlA arthAt samudra / DA0 sunItikumAra caTarjI khAravela ke sthAna para kAr3a- vilva pATha adhika upayukta mAnate haiM / 'kAr3a - vilva' kA artha hai kAlA bhAlA dhAraNa karane vAlA' / DA0 sarakAra uparyukta mata ko asvIkAra karate hue kahate haiM ki kSAra + vela kA tAtparya samudrI taTa para zAsana karane vAlA hai / hAthIgumphA abhilekha kI pahalI aura dUsarI paMkti meM khAravela ke bAlyakAla kA varNana isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai - 'pasatha - subha- lakhanena caturaMtaluThaNa - guNa- upitena x x x sIri kaDAra - sarIra-vatA kIDitA kumAra kIDikA / ' pasatha zubha lakhanena kA artha prazasta aura zubha lakSaNa vAlA hai / ukta prazasta aura zubha lakSaNa bhaviSyavaktAoM aura hastarekhA vizeSajJoM ke liye atyanta mahatvapUrNa hote haiM / bodhisattva ke lakSaNa saMpat dekhakara daivajJa brAhmaNoM ne mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 bhaviSyavANI kI thI ki 'aise lakSaNoM vAlA puruSa yadi gRhastha rahe, to cakravartI rAjA hotA hai; aura pravrajita hone para buddha | 30 hAthIgumphA abhilekha meM usake liye prayukta isa vizeSaraNa se jJAta hotA hai ki vaha sarvasattA sampanna zAsaka thaa| usakI pragramahiSi ke lekha 31 meM bhI use kaliMga cakravartI kahA gayA hai| pratIta hotA hai ki bodhisatva ke samAna hI khAravela ke zubha lakSaNoM aura cihnoM ko dekhakara yaha bhaviSyavANI kara dI gayI thI ki vaha cakravartI zAsaka hogA / dUsare pada caturaMtaluTharaNa guNa upitena kA artha 'caturaMta (caturdika) vyApta guNoM vAlA' hai / arthazAstra " se jJAta hotA hai ki caturaMta kA tAtparya 'samudra-kSiti' hai / bauddha sAhitya se prakaTa hotA haiM ki cAroM samudroM se ghirI huI pRthvI kI dharma vijaya karane vAlA zAsaka cakravartI kahalAtA hai / pAli sAhitya meM cakravartiyoM ke tIna prakAra batAye gaye haiM- ( 1 ) cakravAla cakravartI (cAroM mahAdvIpoM kA zAsaka ), ( 2 ) dvIpa - cakravartI ( eka dvIpa kA zAsaka) aura (3) pradeza cakravartI ( eka dvIpa ke kucha (bhAga kA zAsaka ) / kauTilya 35 kahatA hai ki himAlaya se lekara samudra paryanta, pUrva-pazcima dizAoM meM eka hajAra yojana taka phailA huA aura pUrva - pazcima kI sImAoM ke bIca kA bhU-bhAga cakravartI kSetra kahalAtA hai; arthAt itanI pRthvI para zAsana karane vAlA rAjA cakravartI hotA hai / rAjazekhara kA kathana hai ki yaha bhAratavarSa hai / usake nau bheda haiM- 1. indradvIpa, 2. kaserumAna, 3. tAmrapa 4. gabhastimAn 5. nAgadvIpa, 6 saumya, 7. gandharva 8. varuNadvIpa aura 9. kumArI dvIpa / ina nau dvIpoM kA pAMca bhAga jala aura pA~ca bhAga sthala hai / isa prakAra pratyeka dvIpa kI sImA eka sahasra yojana hai / ve dakSiNa se himAlaya taka phaile hue haiM aura paraspara agamya haiM / ina sabhI dvIpoM para jo vijaya prApta karata 2-19

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hai, vaha samrATa (cakravartI) kahA jAtA hai|6 kA premI' kRSNa ke sthAna para viSNu ko mAnate haiM / rAjezvara punaH kahatA hai ki 'kumArI dvIpa se vindusara DA0 barugrA45 kA kathana hai ki kumAra khAravela itanA taka eka sahasra yojana kA bhAga cakravartI kSetra sundara thA mAnoM viSNu ne hI mAnava rUpa meM avatAra kahA jAtA hai / isa samUce kSetra para vijaya liyA ho| amarakoza16 meM kar3Ara kA artha 'bhUre raMga karane vAlA rAjA cakravartI kahA jAtA hai / '37 vAlA' kiyA gayA hai / yahI artha adhika tarkasaMgata isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki eka sAmrAjya- pratIta hotA hai| vAdI zAsaka kA prabhAva kSetra paurANika38 bhAratavarSa hotA thA / mAniyara viliyamsa cakravartI zikSA zabda kA artha karate hue kahate haiM-'vaha zAsaka jisake ratha ke pahiye (cakra binA avarodha ke sarvatra acche zAsaka kA zikSita honA anivArya pravartita hote haiM' yA 'eka cakra' arthAta samudra se hai| usakI zikSA ke sambandha meM pahale se hI rAjalekara samudra paryanta bhUbhAga kA zAsaka / '39 viSNA- zAstra praNetAoM ne niyama banA rakhe haiM / hAthIgumphA purANa40 meM kahA gayA hai ki 'sabhI cakravatiyoM ke abhilekha kI dvitIya paMkti meM kahA gayA hai ki hAthoM para (anya cihnoM ke sAtha bhagavAn viSNa kA khAravela ne pandraha varSoM taka gaura varNa vAle zarIra cihna pAyA jAtA hai); aura vaha aisA zAsaka hotA se bAlyakAla kI krIDAyeM kii| tatpazcAt lekha, rUpa hai jisakI zakti kA sAmanA devatA bhI nahIM kara gaNanA, vyavahAra aura dharma meM niSNAta hokara saba sakate / ' isa prakAra cakravartI zabda kA artha hai 'sArva- vidyAnoM se parizuddha unhoMne nau varSoM taka yuvarAja bhauma zAsaka' / yaha sArvabhauma prabhusattA kI pari- pada suzobhita kiyA / ' kauTilya rAjakumAroM ke cAyaka upAdhiyoM meM se eka hai / uparyukta vivecana adhyayana krama kA varNana isa prakAra karatA hai / se jJAta hotA hai ki khAravela eka cakravartI zAsaka 'muNDana saMskAra ke bAda varNamAlA aura akamAlA thaa| usake lekha meM batAyA gayA hai ki usane kA abhyAsa kare / '47 manu kahate haiM ki 'sabhI sampUrNa bhAratavarSa ke viruddha eka sainika abhiyAna dvijAti bAlakoM kA cUr3AkaraNa saMskAra veda ke kiyA thaa| usake ratha ke pahiye avirAma gati se anusAra pahale yA tIsare varSa (yA kulaparamparAnusAra) pravartita hue the aura use sarvatra vijaya hI prApta karanA cAhiye / '43 isakA tAtparya yaha huA ki huI thii| rAjakumAra kI zikSA tIna varSa kI Ayu pUrNa kara lene para prArambha karanA cAhiye / varNamAlA aura paMkti kA agalA pada 'siri-kaDAra-sarIra' gaNita kI yaha zikSA upanayana saMskAra ke pUrva taka hai| DA0 sarakAra1 isakA saMskRta pATha 'zrImat calatI thii| gyArahaveM varSa meM19 upanayana saMskAra piMgaladehabhAjA' (zveta-pItavarNa zarIra vAlA) karate sampanna hone para use sadAcArI vidvAn prAcAryoM se haiN| cAilDarsa12 kalAra yA kar3Ara kA artha 'pIle trayI (tIna veda) tathA prAnvIkSakI, vibhAgIya adhyakSoM bAdAmI raMga kA' batAte haiM / sTenakono43 kA mata hai se vArtA aura vaktA-prayoktA vizeSajJoM (saMdhi, ki 'siri-kar3Ara' aura 'siri-kaTAra' eka haiN| vigraha, yAna, Asana, dvaidhIbhAva Adi ke prAcArya) zabdamAlA ke anusAra isakA tAtparya nAgara yA se daNDanIti kI zikSA grahaNa karanA cAhiye / 50 kAmI se hai / ataH 'siri-kar3Ara' kA artha 'zrI kA solaha varSa kI Ayu pUrNa kara lene para samAvartana premI' yA bhagavAn kRSNa hai / DA0 jAyasavAla14 aura vivAha saMskAra honA cAhiye / vaha dina kA uparyukta mata ko svIkAra to karate haiM kintu ve 'zrI pahalA bhAga hAthI, ghor3A, ratha, astra-zastra prAdi -2-20 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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vidyAnoM ko zikSA meM, dina kA dUsarA bhAga itihAsa (4) liMga, vacana, kAla aura kAraka kA arthAt purANa, itivRta, AkhyAyikA, udAharaNa viparIta prayoga karanA apazabda doSa hai| (mImAMsA), dharmazAstra aura arthazAstra sunane meM aura (5) lekha virAma Adi cihnoM kI, arthazeSa samaya navIna jJAna ke arjana aura adhIna jJAna krama ke anusAra yojanA na karanA saMplava doSa hai| ke cintana-manana meM vyatIta kare / / 1 patralekha ke chaha guNa-arthakrama, sambandha, lekha paripUrNatA, mAdhurya, audArya aura spaSTatA haiM-53 (1) pradhAna artha aura apradhAna artha ko ___ khAravela kI zikSA ke sambandha meM prayukta lekha, pUrvApara yathAnukrama meM rakhanA hI arthakrama kahalAtA rUpa aura gaNanA asAdhAraNa mahatva rakhate haiM / ataH 'lekha' zabda kA prayoga mAtra akSara jJAna yA lipi (2) lekha kI samApti paryanta agalA artha, jJAna ke liye nahIM huA / arthazAstra ke anusAra prastuta artha kA bAdhaka na hone para artha sambandha kisI rAjakumAra ko akSaroM kA jJAna tIna se pAMca kahalAtA hai| varSa kI Ayu meM karA diyA jAtA thaa| abhilekha meM kahA gayA hai ki khAravela ne jIvana ke prathama (3) arthapada tathA akSaroM kA nyUnAdhikya na pandraha varSa bAlakocita krIr3AnoM meM aura pandraha se honA, hetu udAharaNa tathA dRSTAnta sahita artha kA caubIsa varSa kI Ayu kA samaya yuvarAja ke rUpa meM nirIkSaNa aura prabhAvahIna zabdoM kA prayoga na karanA vyatIta kiyaa| ataH yaha tarkasaMgata nahIM pratIta paripUrNatA kahalAtA hai| hotA ki khAravela ne pandraha varSa kI Ayu pUrI kara (4) sarala, subodha zabdoM kA prayoga karanA khA hogaa| abhilekha se pramA- mAdhurya hai| riNata hotA hai ki 'lekha-vizArada' (lekhana kalA meM (5) ziSTa zabdoM kA prayoga karanA audArya nipuNa) hone ke bAda hI usane yuvarAja pada kA kahalAtA hai| dAyitva sambhAlA thA / kauTilya isa sandarbha meM (6) pracalita zabdoM kA prayoga karanA hI mahatvapUrNa jAnakArI detA hai / vaha kahatA hai ki spaSTatA hai| patra lekha ke pAMca doSa-akAnti, vyAghAta, punarukta, prastuta abhilekha meM khAravela ke liye prayukta apazabda, saMplava batAye gaye haiN| 'lekha vizArada' vizeSaNa kA artha isa vyAkhyA se (1) syAhI par3e kAgaja para likhanA,malina bilkula spaSTa ho jAtA hai / yuvarAja pada grahaNa kAgaja para likhanA, bhadde akSara likhanA, choTe bar3e karate samaya taka vaha rAjakIya zAsana likhane meM akSara likhanA aura phIkI syAhI se likhanA atyadhika nipuNa ho gayA thaa| isI kAraNa usake kAnti nAmaka doSa hai| liye prayukta yaha vizeSaNa sarvathA upayukta pratIta hotA hai| (2) navIna lekha se pichale lekha kA virodha ho jAnA yA navIna leva kA pichale lekha se bAdhita rUpa ho jAnA vyAghAta doSa hai| lekha ke samAna 'rUpa' zabda kA vyavahAra bhI (3) pUrvokta kathana ko duharA denA punarukta vistRta artha meM huprA hai| isake antargata mudrA se doSa hai| sambandhita sabhI prakAra kI samasyAyeM sammilita haiM / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-21

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rAkhAladAsa banarjI kI avadhAraNA hai ki rUpa, rUpya yA rupayA kA samAnavAcI hai / hAthIgumphA abhilekha meM isa zabda kA prayoga isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai ki usase dUsarA artha nikAlanA sambhava nahIM haiM / ataH yaha kahanA ki yahAM 'rUpa' kA tAtparya 'abhinaya' hai, sarvathA anupayukta hogaa| jogezvarI guhAlekha meM 'lugadara ve' zabda kA ullekha hai jisakA artha 'mudrA adhikArI' hai / 55 mahAvagga 56 meM 'rUpa' kA artha aura spaSTa kara diyA gayA hai / buddhaghoSa kahatA hai ki jo vyakti rUpazAstra kA adhyayana karatA hai use bahuta se kArSApaNoM ko bAra-bAra palaTanA par3atA hai / arthazAstra meM ullikhita 'rUpadarzaka' kA artha bhI mudrAoM kI parIkSA karane vAlA adhikArI hai / ataH pratIta hotA hai ki 'rUpa' kA prayoga mudrAzAstra ke liye kiyA gayA hai / garaNanA 'garaNanA' zabda kA ullekha azoka ke tIsare zilAlekha aura kauTilya ke arthazAstra meM milatA hai | rAkhAladAsa banarjI "" usakA artha 'lekhAkarma ' karate haiN| DA0 jAyasavAla 1 kA abhimata hai ki gaNanA kA artha zAsakIya lekhA-jokhA hai / yaha mata samIcIna pratIta hotA hai / vidhi DA0 baru ? kA kathana hai ki vidhi se tAtparya 'niyama' se hai jaise lekhavidhi ( zAsana likhane ke niyama, rUpavidhi ( mudrA sambandhI niyama ) Adi / vidhi ko eka svatantra zabda mAnate hue DA0 jAyasavAla 63 isakA artha dharmazAstra yA dharma saMbaMdhI niyama karate haiM / DA0 baruprA 04 uparyukta artha ko anupayukta batAte hue kahate haiM ki vidhi kA prayoga arthazAstra meM kriyA - vidhi ke rUpa meM huA hai jisakA tAtparya hai nyAya karane ke niyama / lekina vyavahAra kA bhI yahI artha hai / phira bhI ina donoM zabdoM meM 2-22 kucha antara hai / vidhi kA prayoga mAnava caritra aura karttavyoM ke svIkRta niyamoM ke liye hotA hai jaba ki vyavahAra kA pracalita paramparAoM ke liye / DA. baru kA mata hai ki khAravela ke abhilekha meM prayukta vidhi niyama, caritra, saMsthA yA dharmazAstra kA paryAyavAcI hai / vyavahAra hAthIgumphA abhilekha kA 'vyavahAra' azoka kA 'viyohAla' pratIta hotA hai / 65 DA0 baruA 6 kA mata hai ki hama DA0 devadatta rAmakRSNa bhaNDArakara dvArA kI gayI viyohAla - samatA kI vyavahAra-samatA vyAkhyA se pUrvarUpeNa sahamata hai, kintu hama DA0 bhaNDArakara aura bulara ke isa mata se ki 'viyohAla' abhihAla (pAlI abhihAra) kA paryAyavAcI hai, sahamata nahIM haiM / to bhI, 'abhihAle vA daNDe vA' kI bulara dvArA kI gayI 'pAritoSika aura daNDa dene' kI vyAkhyA upayukta pratIta hotI hai / sava - vijA abhilekha meM khAravela ko 'saba vidyAthoM se parizuddha' (sava - vijAvadAtena ) kahA gayA hai / yahAM sava - vijA ke antargata kauna-kauna sI vidyAyeM yA viSaya sammilita the, yaha prazna vivAdAspada hai / prAcIna samaya meM rAjakumAroM ko prApta puruSoM ke caritroM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara manovRttiyoM para niyantraNa rakhanA Avazyaka thaa| lekina khAravela apane abhilekha meM isa prakAra kA koI ullekha nahIM karatA / milindapaJaha meM rAjakumAroM kI zikSA ke sambandha meM kucha nirdeza milate haiM / unake lie lekhanakalA, gaNanA, hathiyAroM kA calAnA, sainyasaMcAlana, nItizAstra, zruti, smRti, yuddha aura yuddhakalA meM nipuNatA prApta karanA Avazyaka thA / uparyukta grantha meM batAyA gayA hai ki milinda (hindayUnAnI zAsaka mIneNDara ) unnIsa vidyAoM kA jJAtA mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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thA / ye vidyAyeM---zruti, laukika niyama (sammuti), paramparA rahI hai ki pratiSThita rAjavaMzoMke uttarAsAMkhya, yoga, nIti, vaizeSika, darzana, gaNita, saMgIta, dhikAriyoM ko zikSA-dIkSA sampanna banAne ke lie cikitsA, cAra veda, purANa-itihAsa, jyotiSa, sArI vyavasthAyeM mahaloM meM hI upalabdha karAyI jAtI indrajAla, jAdU, tarkazAstra, yuddhakalA aura kAvya- thiiN| pratyeka viSaya ke niSNAta vidvAna isa kArya ke zAstra haiM 167 jUnAgar3ha abhilekha68 meM rudradAmA ko liye niyojita kiye jAte the| rAjavaMzoM kI maryA. zabda, artha, gandharva aura nyAya zAstroM meM pravINa dAroM kI dRSTi se aura kula-dIpaka zikSArthiyoM kI batAyA gayA hai / hAthIgumphA abhilekha meM isa tathya surakSA ko dRSTi se yaha vyavasthA adhika suvidhAkA udghATana nahIM kiyA gayA ki khAravela ne 'sarva- janaka bhI thii| vidyA' kahAM pddh'ii| pratIta hotA hai ki vaha adhyayana khaNDagiri ke isa abhilekha kA thor3A sA ke lie kaliMga se bAhara nahIM gayA / sambhavataH prArambhika bhAga hI hama isa lekha meM lA pAye haiM / mahaloM meM hI usake lie yogya zikSaka yA zikSakoM zeSa aMza para agale lekhoM meM vicAra kiyA kI vyavasthA kI gayI thii| yaha eka pracalita jaayegaa| 1. se. i., khaNDa 1 pR. 214, paM. 1. 2. lUDarsa sUcI, kaM. 1347. 3. pro. grA. I. pR. 40. 4. kaliMgAMgagajAH zreSThAH prAcyAzceti karUSajAH 2.2.15. 5. phAsabAla, kaM. 276. 6. vahI, kra. 547. 7. pro. bA. I., pR. 39. 8. ja. bi. u. ri so., khaNDa 4, pR. 402. 1 se. i., khaNDa 1, pR. 211. 10. 2.14.13 11. e. I.yU., pR. 211 12 hemacandra, sUtravRtti, 2.2.3; de. tilakamajarI. 13. ja. vi. u ri. so. khaMDa 3, pR. 483-84. 14. DA. agravAla, kauzAmbI aura bAndhavagar3ha ke magha zAsaka', purAkalpa, jUna 1975, pR. 42-47. 15. pro. bA. i., pR. 266. 16. I.hi. kAM., (vAlTeyara adhivezana) 1953, pR......... 17. ja. bi. u. ri. so., khaNDa 3, pR. 434. 18. hisTrI oNpha ur3IsA, khaNDa 1, pR. 72. 19. se. i., khaNDa 1, pR. 219, Ti. 5. 20. vahI, pR. 214, paM. 1. 21. 7.5. 37-39. mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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22. ke. hi. i., khaNDa 1, pR. 75. 23. agravAla, bindhyakSetra kA aitihAsika bhUgola (aprakAzita), pR. 95-96. 24. hindI anuvAda, caturtha khaNDa, pR. 120. 25. prA. mA. rA. i., pR. 118. 26. 1.57. 28-29. 27. ja. bi. u. ri. so. khaNDa 3, pR. 434 28. se. i., khaNDa 1, pR. 214, TippaNI. 29. vahI, pR. 214, TippaNI. 30. buddhacaryA, pR. 5. 31. lUDarsa kI sUcI, kra. 1346; se. i., khaNDa 1, pR. 213-14. 32. 3.2.50. 33. mahAbodhivaMza, pR. 73-74; buddhavaMza aThThakathA, pR. 113; de. pro. bA. iM meM uddhRta, pR. 232, Ti. 1. 34. jyaoN. ai me. i., pR. 5 Ti. 1. 35.9.1. 36. kAvya mImAMsA, (paTanA); pR. 233-34. 37. kAvyamImAMsA, pR. 234. 38. dakSiNAparato hyasya pUrveNa ca mahodadhi / himavAnuttareNAsya kAmukasya yathA guNaH / / mAkaNDeyapurANa,, LVII. 59. uttaraM yatsamudrasya' himavaddakSiNaM ca yat / varSa tadbhArataM nAma yatrayaM bhAratI prajA / / vAyu., XLV, 75-76. 39. kArpasa, khaNDa 3, pR. 183, Ti. 4. 40. vilsana, khaNDa 1, pR. 183, Ti. 1. 41. se. I, khaNDa 1, pR. 219. 42. pro. bA. I., pR. 40, Ti. 9; viliyamsa, saMskRta-iMgliza DiksanarI, pR. 245. 43. vahI. 44. pro. bA. I., pR. 40, 209. 45. pro. bA. I., pR. 240. 46. 1.5.16. 47. vRttacaulakarmA lipi saMkhyAnaM copayujIta / (gairolA) 1.2.4 48. cUDAkarma dvijAtInAM sarveSAmeva dharmataH / prathame'bde tRtIye vA kartavyaM zruticodanAt / / manusmRti, 2.35. 49. vahI, 2.36. 50. arthazAstra (gairolA) 1.2.4. 51. (gairolA), 1.2.4. 2-24 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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52. vahIM, 2.26.10 53. 2.26.10 (gairolA) 54. hisTrI oNpha ur3IsA, khaNDa 1, pR. 72. 55. prA. sa. iM, 1903-4, pR. 120 tathA Age; iM. aiM, khaNDa 48, pR. 131. 56. se. bu. I., khaNDa 13, pR. 201, Ti. 1. 57. zAmazAstrI saMskaraNa, pR. 95. 58. se. iM., khaNDa 1. pR. 19 59. 2.7.75 60. hisTrI oNpha ur3IsA, khaNDa 1, pR 73; e. I., khaNDa 20, pR. 71 tathA Age, 61. nA. pra. pa., khaNDa 8, pR. 19. 62. zrI. bA. i., pR. 245. 63. vahI, pR. 245 para uddhRta. 64. vahI, pR. 245. 65. se. i, khaNDa 1, pR. 57. 66. pro. bA. iM, pR. 245. 67. rija DeviDsa saMskaraNa, pR. 3.4. 68. se. iM., khaNDa 1, pR. 180. duHkha koI nahIM baMTAtA saMsArI manuSya apane priya kuTumbiyoM ke lie bure se bure karma bhI kara DAlatA hai, para jaba unake duSkarma bhogane kA samaya zrAtA hai taba vaha akelA hI duHkha bhogatA hai / koI bhI bhAI bandhu usakA duHkha bA~Tane vAlA, sahAyatA pahuMcAne vAlA nahIM hotA / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 - bha. mahAvIra 2-25

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:: prabhu se vinamra prazna : .zrI maMgala jaina 'premI' 316, hanumAnatAla, jabalapura jJAna kI lahara, ajJAna ke taTa, thakakara, tumhArA patha pUchatI hai. hara dizA meM, bhujAyeM bar3hAte rahe, soye deva, bematalaba jagAte rahe, ahaM ko nAva para, bahe jA rahe, vedanA ko yU hI, sahe jA rahe. aMjalI bhara cukI hai, prAMsuoM se, prAMkha ye terA, tatha pUchatI hai // BIB88888888 bhAratI ko sajAyA, hara thAla meM, prArthanA ko gAyA, hara tAla meM, pIta vasanoM ko, sadA pahanatA rahA, abhiSeka nIlAmI karatA rahA. sAdhanA bhAvoM meM bikakara hA, aArAdhanA terA, vigata pUchatI hai| jyoti vasana, nahiM mana para hai, yuvA sAdhanA, nahiM tana para hai, sneha bUda meM, kahAM cetanA, kahate ho ye hai, sujana vedanA. muskarAte huye, gunagunAte hayeprAtmA tumhArA atha pUchatI hai // jJAna kI dhArA ajJAna ke taTa, thakakara, tumhArA patha pUchatI hai / / 2-26 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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jo pratimAe~ cAroM dizAoM se dekhI jA sakeM ve pratimAeM sarvatobhadra kahalAtI haiM / ye kaI prakAra kI hotI haiM yathA - eka hI pratimA ke cAra mukha, pratyeka dizA meM eka tIrthaMkara kI cAra pratimAe~, pratyeka dizA meM cAra bhinnafra area kI mUrtiyA~ zrAdi / ye mUrtiyA~ khaDgAsana athavA padmAsana donoM hI prakAra kI hotI haiN| prAyaH mAnastaMbhoM para isa prakAra kI mUrtiyoM ke virAjamAna karane kA pracalana thA / tIrthakaroM ke samavasaraNa meM aise ho mAnastaMbha hone kA vizraraNa jaina zAstroM meM prApya hai / lekhaka ne jisa pratimA kA varNana diyA hai vaha 'pratimAlekha meM vijayasiMha nAma ke kAraNa ho zvetAmbara pratimA siddha nahIM hotI jaisA ki lekhaka ne mAnA hai apitu isa kAraNa bhI vaha zvetAmbarIya hai ki phUloM para vastra nIce jhUlatA batAyA gayA hai| pratimAlekha meM mUrti ghaDane vAle do kArIgaroM ke nAma (1) vanaka tathA (2) papaka bhI haiM / ---polyAkA sarvatobhadra pratimA pratimA sarvatobhadra, sarvatomaMgala ko jana-bhASA meM caumukhI kahate haiM---jo caukora stambha ke cAroM tarapha tapa meM cAra jina baiThe yA khar3e banAye jAte haiN| vidvAnoM ke bIca yaha vivAda kA viSaya hai ki isa prakAra kI pratimAoM ke gar3hane kI prAcInatama paramparA jaina hai athavA brAhmaraNa, 1 kyoMki ziva kI caturmukhI mUrtiyA~ banatI hI thIM / " choTa se eka laghu stUpa milA hai jisa para cAroM tarapha buddha kI mUrtiyoM kA aMkana hai / 3 jaina kalA ke antargata caumukhI pratimAoM kI paramparA kA jJAna kuSAraNa saM0 5+78 = 83 I0 se hI hone lagatA hai 14 lakhanaU meM saM0 5 kI mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 zrI zailendra kumAra rastogI, ema.e. (itihAsa, purAtatva) purAtatva saMgrahAlaya, lakhanaU prAcInatama caumukhI hai / lakhanaU saMgrahAlaya sarvatobhadra pratimAnoM kI kula saMkhyA 19 thI jinameM se eka zimalA saMgrahAlaya ko de dI gaI / saMgraha meM 16 pratimAe~ kaMkAlI TIle mathurA se hI prApta huI thIM / " zeSa tIna phaijAbAda, ahicchatrA (rAmanagara, varelI) va sarAya aughaTa jilA eTA kI haiM / inameM prathama va antima 9 vIM 10 vIM zatI I0 kI haiM / tathA madhya kI kuSANa kAlIna / ina pratimAoM para cAroM ora arhatoM kA aMkana hotA thA / kuSANakAlIna caumukhI mUrtiyoM ke Upara gola yA caukora cheda pAye jAte tathA kucha meM nIce khUMTa nikalI rahatI haiM jisase yaha pratIta hotA hai ki stambha para inheM kasa diyA jAtA hogA 17 2-27

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mandiroM ke bAhara inakI pUjA hotI thI / dUra se hI paMkti - 1- zrIM zrI jinadeva zrutisthAnu zrI bhAvadeva maMdira kA patA lagatA thA / 8 nAmAbhUtAcArya vijayasiMha mAnastambha devagar3ha va kehona devariyA uttara pradeza ke prasiddha hI haiM kintu ve eka hI patthara ke bane haiM / una para caumukhiyoM ko lagA dete hoMge jisase caturdik loga inake darzanoM se lAbha uThA sakeM / vaise samavazaraNa ke avasara para bhI isa prakAra kI mUrtiyoM kA honA samupasthita deva, kinnaroM, mAnava, pazu, pakSiyoM sabhI kI suvidhA ke lie Avazyaka thA / rAjya saMgrahAlaya lakhanaU kI caumukhI pratimAoM para eka hI yA cAra tIrthaMkaroM kAna pAte haiM / inameM 8 para to lekha utkIriNata haiM / kucha ke UparI bhAga (dhar3a) mAtra hI zeSa haiM / saMgraha kI madhyakAlIna grabhilikhita, eka mAtra baiThI sarvatobhadrapratimA kA sAkSAtkAra yahAM prastuta hai / Alocya pratimA lAla balue cittIdAra patthara kI banI hai / pratimA kA UparI bhAga TUTA hai / do baiThI pratimAoM ke mukhaM bhI kSatigrasta haiN| Upara kahIM trichatra, nIce kaivalya vRkSa kA vilekhana zeSa hai / cAroM ora eka jaisI hI graha pratimA banI hai / kahIM bhI sarpapharaNa yA, kaMdhoM para laToM kA kana nahIM hai | ( sAtha ke citroM se dekheM) arhan padmAsana meM dhyAnastha haiM / vakSa para zrIvatsa hai / jinake mukha surakSita haiM / una para ghuMgharAle bAloM ko darzAyA hai / zArIrika sauSThava taruNa evaM rUpavAna banAyA gayA hai / baiThakI para cAra ora tIna bar3e phUloM kA alaMkaraNa hai jisa para vastra noce jhUla rahA hai| donoM zrora siMha baiThe haiM tathA unake pAsa khambhA banA hai / isa pratimA kA AdhAra pITha tIna ora to bilkula sAdA hai / kintu eka zrora devanAgarI lipi evaM saMskRta bhASA meM lekha isa prakAra qhudA hai 2-28 2. tacciSyastena ca proktaH // suzrAva - karina navagrAmasthAnAdistha svasakIttiH / caturvimba: sabhaktibhiH saMvatsare 1080 vanakapa 4. pakAbhyAM ghaTitaH / / o / / 3. varddha mAnasya kAritoyaM arthAt vijayasiMha ke ziSya kI preraNA se suzrAvaka ne samvat 1080 (arthAt 1023 I0) meM isa varddhamAna ke catubimba ko banavAyA / mathurA meM isa pratimA kA usa samaya sthApita kiyA jAnA vizeSa mahatva rakhatA hai jisa kSaNa cAroM prora lUTa khasoTa evaM pratimAoM ko vinaSTa karane tor3ane-phor3ane kA suniyojita abhiyAna samApta hI huA ho kyoMki san 1018 meM mohammada gajanI kI krUra dRSTi kA zikAra mathurA bhI ho cukA thA / zrAkramaNa se zAnti pAte hI ise gar3hA gayA thaa| cU~ki pratimA baiThI hai isa kAraNa nizcita rUpa se nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai ki digambarI pratimA hai athavA zvetAmbarI kyoMki kaMkAlI TIle se pahale to digambara pratimAe~ milI thIM kintu madhyakAla kI zvetAmbarI tIna pratimAe~ saMgraha meM haiM tathA abhilekha kA vijayasiMhasUri zabda bhI isakA zvetAmbara honA hI siddha karatA hai / yahA~ itanA to spaSTa hotA hai ki sarvatobhadra sarvamaMgalA caumukhI kA paryAyavAcI catubimba bhI pracalita thA aura yahA~ varddhamAna bhagavAna kA hI caturdika darzanAGkana hai / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78.

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rASTrIya saMgrahAlaya lakhanaU kI kuSANakAlona tIna caumukhI pratimAeM J239 caumukhI pArzvanAtha kuSANakAlIna, (sAmane se) mathurA caumukhI RSabhanAtha kuSANakAlIna, (bAMI ora) mathurA bha0 mahAvIra (saM 1080) kaMkAlI TIlA, mathurA saujanya : rASTrIya saMgrahAlaya, lakhanaU ] [ chAyA zilpI: zrI rajjana khAM

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1- pANDeya dInabandhu-sarvatobhadrapratimA, yU0 pI0 myU0 vuleTina vAlyUma 9 / 2- bharatapura, udayapura, kauzAmbI, bhITA kA yakSa0 la0 saMgra0 zuGga / 3- zAha yU0 pI0 'jana anuzra ti eNDa samariseMTa DiskavarI i7 jaina ArTa DA0 motIcandra __ memoriyala lekcara disa0 1977 myU0 ezo0 grApha baMgalora iNDiyA / 4- zarmA, ramezacandra-~-'mathurAsaMgrahAlaya kI kuSANakAlIna jaina mUrtiyA~, jainanibandhamAlA pR0 22 aAnanda saMsthAna rAmapura 1977 / 5-- je--230 rA0 saMgra0 la0 / 6-- jozI nIlakaNTha puruSottama tathA rastogI zailendrakumAra 'kaMkAlI kI purA sampadA' ___ jainanibaMdhamAlA pR0 83 prAnanda saMsthAna rAmapura 1977 / 7-- zAha yU0 pI0 jaina * anudha ti eNDa samariseMTa DiskavarI ina jaina pArTa-vahI saMdarbha-3 / 8- muni kAntisAgara, khaNDaroM kA vaibhava pR0 82 / 9- je-236 kaMkAlI TIlA mthuraa| 10- smitha, bI. e. 'jaina stUpa eNDa adara enTIkvaTIja eTa mathurA / maktaka musIbata meM mitra aura mejabAna badala jAte haiM, khAnA badala jAtA hai khAnadAna badala jAte haiM, bAta itane para bhI khatama nahIM hotI kAkAbhAI banda hI kyA bhagavAna badala jAte haiM, - kAkA bundelakhaNDI mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 . 2-29.

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prAdamI kalpavRkSoM kI chAMhoM tale, sukha ke upahAra baMTate rahe, lakSya se hona-gaMtavya para, kalpa ke kalpa kaTate rahe, kAla kA cakra rukane lagA, yuga ke pauruSa ne aMgar3AI lI, devatA bana gayA prAdamI, aura dAnava humA prAdamI, __eka rotA huA AdamI, eka gAtA huA aadmii| janma se matyu ke dvAra taka, karma karatA huA AdamI, jindagI ke subaha-zAma meM, raMga bharatA huA prAdamI, saMskRti ke sumerU gar3he, maMca se veda kA pATha hai, eka par3hatA huA AdamI, eka sunatA humA prAdamI, eka rotA huA AdamI, eka gAtA huA aadmii| gAMva ke gAMva dukha ke cale, sukha ke saMyojanoM ke liye, jisa Dagara para bar3he the caraNa, usa Dagara ke bujhe the diye, mana kA cintana bahuta bhIrU thA, kalpanA ke mahala gar3ha liye, sukha meM jItA huA AdamI, darda pItA humA prAdamI, ___ eka rotA huA pAdamI, eka gAtA huA aadmii| varga meM baMTa gayA AdamI, jAti meM kaTa gayA prAdamI, zabda sA bana gayA prAdamI, artha sA chana gayA prAdamI, prAdamI ke isI jJAna ke, sarga ke sarga khuvate rahe, eka zAsaka huaA aAdamI, eka zAsita huyA prAdamI, ___eka rotA huA AdamI, eka gAtA huA aadmii| posTa praoNphisa roDa, zrI maganalAla 'kamala' gunA (ma.pra.) 2-30 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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apane uddezya siddhi ke liye jisa kArya praNAlI kA avalambana kiyA jAtA hai use nIti kahate haiM / jisa kArya-paddhati kA avalaMbana kara zAsana suddar3ha aura sthAyI bane aura saMvidhAna meM batAe uddezyoM kI pUrti kara sake vaha rAjanIti ke nAma se abhihita kI jAtI hai / prAcIna kAla meM rAjatantra thA ataH inameM rAjAoM ke jAnane yogya bAtoM kA samAveza mukhya rUpa se usa kAla ke lekhakoM ne kiyA jaise cANakya, vidura, vyAsa, bhAgurI, somadeva Adi / jaina purANakAroM ne bhI prasaMgAnusAra rAjanIti kA varNana kiyA hai| vidvAna lekhaka ne prAcArya guNabhadra ke uttarapurANa meM pratipAdita rAjanIti kA digdarzana apane isa nibandha meM karAyA hai| dharmanIti zraura rAjanIti ke isa mukhya bheda ko pAThakoM ko dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhiye ki dharmanIti meM mana, vacana aura kAya kI pravRtti meM koI bheda nahIM hotA kintu rAjanIti meM manasi anyat, vacasi anyat kArye anyat kSamya hai / Avazyaka nahIM ki rAjanItijJa kA mukhauTA vahI ho jo usake mana meM ho| zAsana kI saphalatA ke lie zrAja bhI ina siddhAntoM kA mahatva kama nahIM huA hai / - polyAkA uttarapurANa meM pratibimbita rAjanIti DaoN0 ramezacanda jaina vardhamAna DigrI kaoNleja, bijanaura | rAjya - rAjyoM meM rAjya vahI jo prajA ko sukha dene vAlA ho / uttarapurANa meM deza ke jo vizeSaNa die gae haiM unameM durga, vana, khAneM, prakRSTapacya sasya " ( binA boe hone vAle dhAnya ) triva (brAhmaNa, kSatriya aura vaizya ) meM vibhakta prajAyeM, tapasviyoM para pratikramaNa karane vAle kRSaka, susvaccha jalAzaya, 5 anAja se paripUrNa, sabako tRpta karane vAle rAjA ke bhaNDAra ke samAna kheta tathA dhana dhAnyAdi se paripUrNa pAsa pAsa meM base hue grAma' pramukha haiM / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 rAjA kA mahatva - svAmisampat ( rAjasaMmpatti) se yukta rAjA brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya aura zUdra cAroM varNoM kA Azraya hai / usake satya se megha kisAnoM kI icchAnusAra barasate haiM aura varSa ke zrAdi, madhya tathA anta meM boe jAne vAle sabhI dhAnya phala / pradAna karate haiM rAjA ke pRthvI kA pAlana karate samaya jaba surAjya hotA hai to prajA use brahmA mAnakara vRddhi ko prApta hotI hai 10 / jisa prakAra koI gopAla apanI gAya kA acchA bharaNa poSaNa kara usakI rakSA karatA aura gAya prasannatA se use 2-31

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dUdha dekara santuSTa karatI hai usI prakAra rAjA bhI hAra karanA aura tIsare ke lie bheda aura daNDa kA pRthvI kA bharaNapoSaNa kara usakI rakSA karatA hai aura prayoga karanA yahI ThIka upAya batalAte haiM / pRthvI bhI use apane ratnAdi sAra padArtha detI hai| rAjAoM kA eka anya vibhAga23 bhI milatA haiguNavAna rAjA deva, buddhi aura udyama ke dvArA svayaM (1) zatru rAjA (2) mitra rAjA (3) udAsIna lakSmI kA upArjana kara use sarvasAdhAraNa ke upabhoga rAjA / mhaasaamnt(71|156)saamnt , yuvarAja karane yogya banA detA hai, sAtha hI svayaM usakA mukuTabaddha rAjA, vidyAdhara, paTTabaMdharAjA27, bhUgocara upabhoga karatA hai / rAjA java nyAyapUrvaka prajA arddha cakrI, cakrI (64 / 30) adhirAja ,68 / 382) kA pAlana karatA hai aura snehapUrNa pRthivI ko mANDalika (64 / 26) tathA madrAmANDalika mANDalika (64 / 26) tathA mahAmANDalika (48 / 74) maryAdA meM sthita rakhatA hai tabhI usakA bhUbhRtpanA ke rUpa meM rAjAoM ke aneka bheda milate haiN| sArthaka hotA hai| jisa prakAra meMDhakoM dvArA prAsvAdana karane yogya arthAt sajala kSetra aThAraha rAjA ke adhikAra aura kartavya-rAjA prakAra ke iSTa dhAnyoM kI vRddhi kA kAraNa hotA hai koza, durga, senA prAdi kA upabhoga karatA hai / vaha usI prakAra zreSTha rAjA guNoM kI vRddhi kA kisI mahAbhaya ke samaya prajA kI rakSA karane ke kAraNa hotA hai14 / vaha kalpavRkSa ke samAna icchita lie dhana saMcaya karatA hai aura prajA ko sanmArga meM phala ko detA hai15| cUki vaha durjanoM kA nigraha calAne ke lie yogya daNDa detA hai / 28 prajA rAjA aura sajjanoM kA anugraha dveSa athavA icchA ke vaza ke prati prema rakhatI hai, isake badale vaha usakA nahIM karatA hai kintu guNa aura doSa kI apekSA pAlana karatA hai, isa prakAra usake paropakAra meM karatA hai ataH nigraha karate hue bhI vaha prajA kA svopakAra bhI nihita rahatA hai / 29 pUjya hai / jisa prakAra mariNayoM kA prAkara samudra hai, usI prakAra vaha guNI manuSyoM kA prAkara hai17| rAjA ke guraga-1. trivarga kI vRddhi-rAjA paraspara kI anukUlatA se dharma, athaM aura kAma rUpa rAjyAbhiSeka-sAmAnyatayA bar3e putra ko rAjA trivarga kI vRddhi karatA hai / 30 rAjya kA bhAra de detA thaa18| do putra hone kI sthiti meM bar3e ko rAjya dekara choTe ko yuvarAja 2. zatra kA vijetA-rAjA ko vAhya aura banAyA jAtA thA / snehavaza kabhI bhAI ke putra Antarika zatruoM kA vijetA honA cAhie / 31 athavA anya sambandhI ko bhI uttarAdhikArI banA zreSTha rAjA kuTila (vakra) manuSyoM ko apane parAkrama diyA jAtA thaa| (66 / 103) / rAjyAbhiSeka ke se hI jIta letA hai, aise rAjA kI saptAGga senA samaya iSTadeva kI pUjA kI jAtI thI aura rAjA ko kevala prADambara mAtra hotI hai / 32 rAjA kA rAjya siMhAsana para baiThAkara svarNamaya kalazoM se usakA dUsare ke dvArA tiraskRta na ho aura na vaha dUsaroM rAjyAbhiSeka kiyA jAtA thA20 / kA tiraskAra kare / 33 prAvazyakatA par3ane para rAjA . rAjAnoM ke bheda-rAjA tIna prakAra ke apane mujadaNDoM se zatruoM ke samUha ko khaNDita kara hote haiM de / vaha kisI purAne mArga ko apane AcaraNa ke ..(1) lobhavijaya (2) dharmavijaya dvArA nayA kara de aura pazcAdvartI logoM ke lie (3) asurvijy| vahI mArga phira purAnA ho jAya 134 rAjA ko ... nItivid apanA kArya siddha karane ke lie pratApa rUpI vaDavAnala kI caMcala jvAlAoM ke pahale ko dAna denA, dUsare ke sAtha zAnti kA vyava- samUha se dedIpyamAna honA cAhie 135 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-32

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prajApAlana --- rAjA ke rAjya meM cAroM varNoM aura AzramoM ke loga uttama dharma ke kAryoM meM icchAnusAra sukhapUrvaka pravRtti kareM / vaha apane rAjya kA bhAiyoM meM vibhAjana kara sukhapUrvaka rAjya kA upabhoga kare 136 jisa prakAra kumbhakAra ke hAtha meM lagI huI miTTI usake vaza meM rahatI hai, usI prakAra bar3e bar3e guraNoM se zobhAyamAna rAjA kI samasta pRthvI usake vaza meM rahatI hai / 37 prajA ke anurAga se rAjA ko acitya mahimA prApta hotI hai 138 anya guraNa - rAjA ko prAnvIkSikI, trayI, vArtA aura daNDa ina cAra vidyAoM meM pAraGgata honA caahie| jisakI prajA daNDa ke mArga meM nahIM jAtI aura isa kAraNa jo rAjA daNDa kA prayoga nahIM karatA, vaha zreSTha mAnA jAtA hai / " rAjA ko dAnI honA caahie| zreSTha rAjA kI dAnazIlatA se pahale ke daridra manuSya bhI kubera ke samAna prAca raraNa karate haiM / 40 rAjA sandhivigrahAdi chaha guNoM se suzobhita ho aura chaha guNa usase suzobhita hoM 141 puNyavAn rAjA kA zarIra aura rAjya vinA vaidya aura mantrI ke hI kuzala rahate haiM / 42 rAjA kA dhana dAna dene meM, buddhi dhArmika kAryoM meM, zUravIratA prANiyoM kI rakSA karane meM, prAyu sukha meM aura zarIra bhogopabhoga meM vRddhi ko prApta hotA rahatA hai / 43 rAjA ke puNya kI vRddhi dUsare ke prAdhIna na ho / rAjA tRSNA rahita hokara guNoM kA poSaNa karatA hugrA sukha se rahe 144 jisa rAjA ke vacana meM satyatA, citta meM dayA, dhArmika kAryoM meM nirmalatA ho tathA jo prajA kI apane guNoM ke samAna rakSA kare, vaha rAja hai / 45 sujanatA rAjA kA svAbhAvika guNa ho, prANa haraNa karane vAle zatru para bhI vaha vikAra ko prApta na ho / 46 buddhimAna rAjA saba logoM ko guNoM ke dvArA apane meM anurakta banAe tAki saba loga use prasanna rakheM 147 jisa prakAra muniyoM meM aneka guNa vRddhi ko prApta hote haiM, usI prakAra mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 sadAcArI aura zAstrajJAna se suzobhita rAjA meM aneka guNa vRddhi ko prApta hote haiM tathA jisa prakAra saMskAra kie hue mariNa suzobhita hote haiM, usI prakAra rAjA meM aneka guraNa suzobhita hote haiM 148 nIti ko jAnane vAle rAjA ko indra aura yama ke samAna kahate haiM, kintu indra ke samAna rAjA zreSTha hai, kyoMki usakI prajA guNavatI hotI hai aura rAjya meM koI daNDa dene ke yogya nahIM hotA hai / 19 rAjA nyAyopArjita dhana ke dvArA yAcakoM ke samUha ko santuSTa kare 150 samIcIna mArga meM calane vAle rAjA ke artha aura kAma bhI dharmayukta hote haiM, ataH vaha dharmamaya hotA hai | 51 uttama rAjA ke vacanoM meM zAnti, citta meM dayA, zarIra meM teja, buddhi meM nIti dAna meM dhana, jinendra bhagavAna meM bhakti tathA zatruoM meM pratApa rahatA hai 1 52 jisa prakAra saMsAra kA hita karane vAle saba prakAra ke dhAnya samA nAma kI icchita varSA ko pAkara zreSTha phala dene vAle hote haiM, usI prakAra samasta guNa rAjA kI buddhi ko pAkara zreSTha phala dene vAle hote haiM / 53 rAjA kA mAnabhaGga nahIM honA caahie| jisa prakAra dAMta kA TUTa jAnA hAthI kI mahimA ko chipA letA hai. dAr3ha kA TUTa jAnA siMha kI mahimA ko tirohita kara detA hai, usI prakAra mAnabhaGga rAjA kI mahimA ko chipA letA hai / 54 nItizAstra sambandhI artha kA nizcaya karane meM rAjA kA caritra udAharaNa rUpa honA cAhie | 55 uttama rAjA ke rAjya meM prajA kabhI nyAya kA ullaMghana nahIM karatI hai, rAjA prajA kA ullaMghana nahIM karatA hai, dharma, artha, kAma rUpa trivarga rAjA kA ullaMghana nahIM karatA hai aura paraspara dUsare eka kA bhI trivarga ullaMghana nahIM karatA hai / 56 jisa prakAra varSA se latAyeM bar3hatI haiM, usI prakAra rAjA kI nIti se prajA saphala hokara bar3hatI hai 157 jisa prakAra Age kI saMkhyA pichalI saMkhyAoM se bar3hI hotI hai, usI prakAra zreSTha rAjA pichale samasta rAjAoM ko apane guNoM aura sthAnoM se jItakara bar3hA hotA hai |58 usaka 2-33

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samasta RddhiyAM deva aura puruSArtha donoM ke prAdhIna atyAsakti ke kAraNa na snAna karatA hai, na bhojana rahatI haiM, vaha mantrI Adi mUla prakRti tathA prajA karatA hai, na sotA hai aura ina aAvazyaka kAryoM kA Adi vAhya prakRti ke krodha se rahita hokara sva- rodha ho jAne se rogI ho jAtA hai / junA khelane se rASTra tathA para rASTra kA vicAra kre| tIna zaktiyoM dhana prApta hotA hai, yaha bAta bhI nahIM hai| jArI aura siddhiyoM se use sadA yoga ora kSema kA vyakti vyartha hI kleza uThAtA hai, aneka doSa utpanna samAgama hotA rahe sAtha hI vaha sandhi, vigraha Adi karane vAle pApa kA saMcaya karatA hai, nindya kArya kara chaha gUgoM kI anukUlatA rakhe / / acche rAjA ke baiThatA hai, sabakA zatru bana jAtA hai, dUsare logoM se rAjya meM prajA kI ayukti prAdi pAMca prakAra kI yAcanA karane lagatA hai aura dhana ke lie nahIM bAdhAnoM meM se kisI prakAra kI bAdhA nahIM rahatI karane yogya kAmoM meM pravatti karane lagatA hai| hai / 60 uttama rAjA kA nitya udaya hotA rahatA hai, bandhujana use chor3a dete haiM evaM rAjA kI ora se use usakA maNDala vizuddha (zatru rahita) aura akhaNDa aneka kaSTa prApta hote haiM / 68 rAjA suketu isakA hotA hai tathA pratApa nirantara bar3hatA hai| aise dRSTAnta hai / vaha jumA ke dvArA apanA rAjya bhI rAjA kI rUpAdi sampatti use anya manuSyoM ke hAra baiThA thaa| isalie ubhayaloka kA kalyANa samAna kumArga meM nahIM le jAtI hai / 62 cAhane vAlA vyakti junA ko dUra se hI chor3a de / 69 rAjA ke doSa-doSI yA anyAyI rAjA rAjakumAra-rAjA ko cAhie ki vaha sabako santApa dene vAlA, kaThora kara lagAne vAlA, upayoga tathA kSamA Adi saba guragoM kI pUrNatA ho kara, anavasthita tathA pRthvI maNDala ko naSTa karane jAne para rAjakumAra ko vrata dekara vidyAgRha meM vAlA hotA hai / 63 usake phalasvarUpa vaha aneka praveza karAe 170 vidyAdhyayana karate samaya usakA prakAra ke daNDoM ko pAtA hai| rAjA ko AbhijAtya varga se samparka ho / dAsa, hastipaka ahaMkAra choDa denA cAhie, ahaMkArI loga aAdi ko vaha apane samparka se dUra kare / 1 rAjakyA nahIM karate ? 65 prazabhakarma ke udaya se koI kumAra indriyoM ke samUha ko isa prakAra jIte ki ve koI rAjA dya ta jaise vyasanoM meM prAsakta ho jAtA indriyAM saba prakAra apane viSayoM ke dvArA kevala hai| mantrivoM aura kUTambiyoM ke rokane para bhI vaha AtmA ke sAtha prema bar3hAyeM / 2 buddhimAna rAjakumAra unase prerita hae ke samAna una vyasanoM meM Asakta vinaya kI vRddhi ke lie sadA vRddhajanoM kI saMgati rahatA hai, phalasvarUpa apanA deza, dhana, bala, rAnI kare / zAstroM se nirNaya kara vinaya karanA kRtrima saba kucha hAra jAtA hai 166 krodha se utpanna hone vAle vinaya aura svabhAva se hI vinaya karanA svAbhAvika madya, mAMsa aura zikAra ina tIna vyasanoM meM tathA vinaya hai / 73 jisa prakAra pUrNa candramA ko pAkara kAma se utpanna hone vAle juzrA, corI, vezyA aura guru aura zukra graha atyanta suzobhita hote haiM, usI parastrI sevana ina cAra vyasanoM meM junA khelane ke prakAra sampUrNa kalAnoM ko dhAraNa karane vAle sundara samAna nIca vyasana nahIM hai / 67 satya jaise mahAn rAjakumAra ko pAkara svAbhAvika aura kRtrima donoM guNa ko junA khelane meM Asakta manuSya sabase pahale prakAra ke vinaya atizaya suzobhita hote haiM / hAratA hai, pIche lajjA, abhimAna, kula, sukha, rAjakumAra kalAvAn hoM para kisI ko ThageM nahIM, sajjanatA, bandhuvarga, dharma, dravya, kSetra, ghara, yaza, pratApa sahita hoM, parantu kisI ko dAha nahIM pahuMcAveM? mAtA-pitA, bAla bacce, striyAM aura svayaM apane jo rAjaputra viruddha zatruoM ko jItanA cAhate haiM prApako naSTa karatA hai / junA khelane vAlA manuSya unheM buddhi, zakti, upAya, vijaya, guNoM kA vikalpa 2-34 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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aura prajA athavA prakRti ( mantrI prAdi) ke bhedoM ko jAnakara mahAn udyoga karanA caahie| inameM se buddhi do prakAra kI hotI hai eka svabhAva se utpanna huI aura dUsarI vinaya se utpanna 176 jisa prakAra phala aura phUloM se rahita Ama ke vRkSa ko pakSI chor3a dete haiM aura vivekI manuSya upadiSTa mithyA Agama ko chor3a dete haiM, usI prakAra utsAhahIna rAjaputra ko vizAla lakSmI chor3a detI hai / yahAM taka ki apane yoddhA, sAmanta aura mahAmAtya (mahAmantrI ) prAdi bhI use chor3a dete haiM / mantri pariSad kA mahattva - mantripariSad rAjA ke pratyeka kArya meM salAha detI hai / rAjA prajA kA rakSaka hai, isalie jaba taka prajA kI rakSA karane meM samartha hotA hai, tabhI taka rAjA rahatA hai / yadi rAjA isase viparIta AcaraNa karatA hai to sacivAdi use tyAga dete haiM | 78 rAjA mantriyoM se mila kara kisI samasyA ke samAdhAna kA upAya khoja letA hai / buddhimAna vyakti upAya ke dvArA bar3e se bar3e puruSa kI bhI lakSmI kA haraNa kara lete haiM / 79 vizvasta apane mantriyoM para rAjA tantra (svarASTra ) tathA pravAda ( pararASTra ) kI cintA rakha svayaM zAstrokta mArga se dharma tathA kAma meM lIna ho jAtA hai 180 mantriyoM kI niyukti-rA - rAjA mantriyoM kI niyukti karatA hai aura unheM bar3hAtA hai| mantrI apane upakAroM se rAjA ko bar3hAte haiM / 81 prAvazyakatA par3ane para rAjA apane rAjya kA pUrNa bhAra mantriyoM para rakha detA hai / 82 jo rAjA apane ko sarvazaktimAna mAnakara mantriyoM ke sAtha kArya kA vicAra nahIM karatA hai, vaha mRtyu ko prApta karane ke lie prasthAna karatA hai 183 mantriyoM kI yogyatA - mantriyoM kI yogyatA kI parIkSA cAra prakAra kI upadhAoM (gupta upAyoM) tathA jAti Adi guNoM se karane kA nirdeza uttaramahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 purANa meM kiyA gayA hai| cAra upadhAyeM ye haiM(1) dharmopadhA (2) prathapadhA ( 3 ) kAmopadhA (4) bhayopadhA / kauTilIya arthazAstra meM inakA vistRta varNana kiyA gayA hai / mantriyoM ke karttavya - hitakArI kArya meM pravRtta karanA aura grahitakArI kArya kA niSedha karanA ye mantrI ke do kArya haiM 185 86 anya adhikArI - mantriyoM ke atirikta anya rAjakIya adhikAriyoM meM naimittika, 88 senApati, 87 mahAmAtra 88 purohita, zreSThI, 89 rakSi0 (kotavAla), antaHpurarakSaka (zuddhAntarakSi ) 91 tathA antarvazika92 ke nAma uttarapurANa meM prApta hote haiM / 62 veM parva meM zatavindu nAmaka nimittajJAnI ko graSTAGga nimittajJAna meM nipuNa batalAyA gayA hai / 23 aThAraha zreNiyoM kA ullekha bhI uttarapurANa meM milatA hai 194 koSa -rAjA nirantara aneka upAyoM se koSa kA varddhana karatA rhe| arjana, rakSaNa, varddhana aura vyaya ye cAra dhana saMcaya ke upAya haiM / ina cAra upAyoM kA prayoga karate samaya artha aura dharma puruSArtha ko kAma kI apekSA adhika mAne 195 rAjakIya prAya ke sAdhana bar3e rAjA choTe rAjAoMoM se kara lete the / isake atirikta kRSakoM se kara liyA jAtA thaa| brAhmaNa kara dAna se mukta the 196 vyApArI jaba dhana kamAkara dUsare dvIpoM Adi se lauTate the to unheM kamAe hue dhana para zulka denA par3atA thA / grAjakala kI bhAMti usa samaya bhI loga zulka dene se katarAte the aura kara kI corI karane kA prayAsa karate the / rAjakumAra prAyAta aura niryAta donoM prakAra ke karoM se the 198 mukta durga - prAcInakAla meM durga rAjAoM kI surakSA ke sudRr3ha sAdhana the, jo yathAsthAna rakhe hue yantra, zastra, jala, jau, ghor3e aura rakSakoM se bhare rahate the 199 2-35

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senA aura yuddhaH-uttarapurANa meM SaDaGga bala sadvyaya karane vAle hoN|110 jisake puNya ke udaya (chaha prakAra kI senA) kA ullekha kiyA gayA se vastuyeM pratidina bar3hatI raheM usakA tAdAtvika hai / 100 isa saba senA kI zobhA svAmI se hotI rahanA hI ucita hai / 111 rAjA ko cAhie ki usake thii|101 svAmI kI saphalatA asaphalatA kI nIti pArzvavartI (samIpavartI) loga ghUsakhora na hoN| yadi para bahuta kucha senA kI saphalatA asaphalatA nirbhara pArzvavartI riztedAra hoM to dUsare vyakti veSa bdlthii| sainika loga kUTa yuddha karane meM nipuNa hote kara AsAnI se ghusapaiTha kara sakate haiN| rAjA the|102 sainikoM kA yaha vizvAsa thA ki yuddha karane zreNika ne ceTaka ke samIpavartI logoM ko dhUsa de meM eka to sevaka kA kartavya pUrA ho jAtA hai, dUsare unheM vaza meM kara svayaM bodraka nAmaka vyApArI vanayaza kI prApti hotI hai aura tIsare zUravIroM kI kara ceTaka ke ghara meM praveza kara liyA thA / 112 gati prApta hotI hai / 103 mantrigaNa abhyudaya prApta aneka mitroM se yukta hone ke kAraNa mahAna aura ajeya dUta113.-dUsare rAjA ke pAna sandeza le jAne parAkrama ke dhAraka rAjA se yuddha karanA zreSTha nahIM ke lie dUta kA prayoga kiyA jAtA thaa| dUta kaI samajhate the; kyoMki balavAna ke sAtha yuddha karane prakAra ke hote the| dUsare rAjA ko anukUla karane kA koI kAraNa nahIM hai / ' 01 ke lie citta ko haraNa karane vAle114 tathA dUsare ke sAtha vigraha karane ke lie kalahapriya durvacana bolane nyAya vyavasthA:-duSToM kA vigraha karanA aura vAlA dUta bhejA jAtA thA |115 ziSToM kA pAlana karanA yaha rAjAoM kA dharma nIti zAstroM meM batalAyA gayA hai| sneha, moha, Asakti / tIna zaktiyoM-zakti tIna prakAra kI kahI gaI tathA bhaya Adi kAraNoM se yadi rAjA hI nItimArga " hai-prabhuzakti, mantrazakti aura utsAha zakti / anusAra, kA ullaMghana karatA hai to prajA bhI usakI pravRtti mantrazakti---paJcAGgamantra (sahAya, sAdhanopAya karane lgegii| ataH rAjA ko cAhie ki usakA deza vibhAga, kAla vibhAga aura bAdhaka kAraNoM kA dAyAM hAtha bhI yadi duSTa ho to use kATa de / 105 pratIkAra) ke dvArA mantra kA nirNaya karanA mantra usake pRthvI kI rakSA karate samaya anyAya yaha zabda zakti hai| rAjA ko nitya pAlocita mantra zakti hI sunAI na de aura prajA binA kisI pratibandha ke se yukta honA cAhie / 18 apane apane mArga meM pravRtti kare / 106 rAjA ko utsAha zakti-zUravIratA se utpanna hue nItipUrvaka AcaraNa karanA cAhie, kyoMki nIti utsAha ko utsAha zakti kahate haiN| mahAn udaya ko janma detI hai / 107 prabhuzakti-rAjA ke pAsa koza aura daNDa zAsana vyasvathAH-rAjA ko cAhie ki vaha (senA) kI jo adhikatA hai, use prabhuzakti kahate apane vaMza ke saba logoM ke sAtha rAjya kA vibhAga 117 kara upabhoga kre| aisA karane para parivAra vAle usake zatru nahI raheMge108 aura vaha akhaNDa rUpa se uparyukta tIna zakti rUpa sampatti ke dvArA rAjA cirakAla taka apanI rAjalakSmI kA upabhoga kregaa| samasta zatruoM ko jIta letA hai, yuddha zAnta kara sajjanoM kI daSTi meM lakSmI sarvasAdhAraNa ke upabhoga detA hai aura dharma tathA artha ke dvArA bhogoM kA ke yogya hai / 109 rAjA ke rAjya meM koI malahara upabhoga karatA hai / 118 ye tInoM zaktiyAM dharmAnubandhI (malapajI ko khAne vAlA) kadarya (kaMjUsa) aura siddhi ko phalIbhUta karatI haiM / yathArtha meM zaktiyAM tAdAtvika (vartamAna meM hI rata) na ho, kintu sabhI vahI haiM jo donoM lokoM meM hita karane vAlI haiM / 119 2-36 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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tIna siddhiyA~-rAjA ko utsAhasiddhi maMtra sAma-priya tathA hitakArI vacana bolanA aura siddhi aura phalasiddhi 20 ina tIna siddhiyoM sahita zarIra se AliGgana Adi karanA sAma kahalAtA honA caahie| hai / 130 pADguNya siddhAnta--mandhi, vigraha, Asana upapradAna-hAthI, azva (ghor3A), deza tathA yAna, saMzraya aura dvadhIbhAva ye rAjA ke chaha guNa ratna Adi kA denA upapradAna kahalAtA hai / 131 hote haiM / ye chahoM guNa lakSmI ke snehI haiM / / 3 / / bheda-upajApa (paraspara phUTa DAlakara) ke dvArA sandhi-yuddha karane vAle do rAjAoM kA pIche apanA kArya siddha karanA bheda kahalAtA hai / 132 kimI kAraNa se jo maitrIbhAva ho jAtA hai, use daNDa----zatru ke ghAsa Adi Avazyaka sAmagrI sandhi kahate haiM / yaha sandhi do prakAra kI hotI hai kI corI karA lenA, unakA vadha karA denA, kisI avadhi sahita aura avadhirahita 1122 vastu ko chipA denA athavA naSTa kara denA ityAdi vigraha zatru tathA use jItane kA icchuka rAjA zatruoM kA kSaya karane vAle jitane kArya haiM, unheM ye donoM paraspara meM eka dUsare kA upakAra karate haiM, daNDa kahate haiM / 133 use vigraha kahate haiM / 123 uparyukta upAyoM kA ThIka ThIka vicAra kara prAsana-isa samaya mujhe koI dUsarA aura maiM yathAsthAna prayoga karane para ye dAtA (samAhartA) ke kisI dUsare ko naSTa karane meM samartha nahIM hUM, aisA samAna phala pradAna karate haiM 1134 athavA jisa prakAra vicArakara jo rAjA cupa baiThA rahatA hai, use prAsana yathAsthAna yathA samaya boe hue dhAna uttama phala dete kahate haiM / yaha prAsana nAmaka guNa rAjAoM kI vRddhi haiM usI prakAra rAjA dvArA yathAsthAna yathA samaya kA kAraNa hai / 124 samaya aura sAdhana ke binaa| prayoga kie hue sAmAdi upAya phala dete haiM / 135 prakaTa huI zUravIratA phala dene meM samartha nahIM hai ataH / __ sAmAdi upAyoM ke sAtha zakti kA prayoga karanA dhAnya kI taraha usa kAla kI pratIkSA karanA cAhie pradhAna kAraNa hai| jisa prakAra khodane se pAnI jo kArya kA sAdhaka hai| 125 aura paraspara kI ragar3a se agni utpanna hotI hai, __yAna--apanI vRddhi aura zatru kI hAni hone usI prakAra udyoga se jo uttama phala pradazya hai, para donoM kA zatru ke prati udyama (zatru para prAkra- vaha bhI prApta karane yogya ho jAtA hai / 136 maNa karane ke lie gamana) hai, use yAna kahate haiM / yaha yAna apanI vRddhi aura zatru kI hAni rUpa phala aparAdha aura daNDa-aparAdha karane vAloM ko ko dene vAlA hai / 126 prAcIna samaya meM kar3A daNDa diyA jAtA thaa| dUsare kI dharohara kA apaharaNa karane para tIna daNDa137 saMzraya-jisakA koI zaraNa nahIM hai, use nizcita the| apanI zaraNa meM rakhanA saMzraya nAma kA guNa hai / 127 vijaya kI icchA rakhane vAle rAjA ko (i) sarvasva haraNa kara lenA / acchI taraha prayoga meM lAe hue sandhi vigraha grAdi (ii) malla ke tIsa mukke lagavAnA / chaha guraNoM se siddhi mila jAtI hai / 128 (iii) kAMsyapAtra meM rakhA huA nayA gobara khilaanaa| cAra upAya-sAma, upapradAna (dAna) bheda aura daNDa ye cAra upAya haiN| inake dvArA rAjA loga rAjA dharmAdhikAriyoM kI saMstuti para daNDa apanA prayojana siddha karate haiN|129 detA thaa|138 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-37

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1. tadeva rAjyaM rAjyeSu prajAnAM yatsukhAvaham / u0 pu0 5240 2. uttarapurANa 54 10 3. vahI 54 / 11 4. vahI 54 / 12 5. vahI 54 / 13 6. vahI 54 / 14 7. vahI 54 / 15-16 8. vahI 50 / 3 9. vahI 52/5 10. vahI 54 / 117 11. uttarapurANa 55/5 12. vahI 56 / 6 13. vahI 57 5 14. vahI 58 / 25 15. vahI 59 / 3 16. vahI 61/ 26 17. vahI 62/30 18. uttarapurANa 68 /5, 48/36, 68273 19. bahI 62/5, 68/79 20. vahI 62 / 225--226 21. vahI 68 / 383 22. vahI 68 / 384 23. vahI 68/445 24. u0 pu0 68 / 86 25. vahI 68/706 26. vahI 57/91 27. vahI 68 / 658 28. 66/4-5, 67/341 29. vahI 59/65 30. vahI 51 /8 31. vahI 52/3 32. vahI 52 /4 33. u0 pu0 52/6 34. u0 pu0 55/4 35. vahI 56/5 2-38 36. 37. vahI 66/3 38. vahI 57/3 39. uttarapurANa 51 / 5 40. vahI 52/6 41. vahI 52/9 42. vahI 53/4 43. vahI 54 / 112 70/215-216 44. vahI 54 / 113 45. vahI 54 / 14 46. bahI 54 / 115 47. vahI 55/6 48. u0 pu0 55/8 49. vahI 55/10 50. vahI 56/17 51. vahI 57/6 52. vahI 57/4 53. vahI 58 / 26 54. u0 pu0 58/74 55. vahI 59/4 56. vahI 59/6 57. vahI 62/31 58. agt 62/33 59. uttarapurANa 62 / 34-35 60. vahI 66/69 61. vahI 76/112 62. vaha 52 18 63. vahI 76 / 111 64. vahI 74/62 65. vahI 48 / 117 66. vahI 59/73 67. uttarapurANa 59 75 68. vahI 59/76-80 69. vahI 54 / 132 70. u0 pu0 54 / 132 71. vahI 54 / 133 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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72. vahI 54/134 73. vahI 54/135 74. vahI 54/136 75-76. vaho 621417 77. uttarapurANa 68/75-76 78. vahI 621208 79. vahI 68/212 80. u0pu0 70, 17 81. vahIM 55.7 82. vahI 62 461 83. vahI 58. 109 84. vahI 59:156 85. u0yu0 68/115 86. vahI 62 61 87,88,89 vahI 68 382 90. vahI 75/149 91. vahIM 76/97 92. vahI 62/404 93. vahI 62 61 94. vahIM 76 113 95. vahI 51,7 96. vahI 58/98-1100 97. u0 pu0 70, 128 98. vahI 62 417 99. vahI 54/24 100. vahI 58 110, 64:29 101. vahIM 74:34 102. vahI 58 72 103. vahI 68/587 104. vahI 75 639-642 105. vahI 67/109--111 106. vahI 504 107. vahI 48/25 108. bahI 62/450 109. vahI 559 110. vahI 54/116 111. u0 pu0 62/379 112. vahI 75/28-29 113. vahI 58/70 114. vahI 58 65 115-116 vahI 58/102 117. u0 pu0 68 61 118. vahI 66/70 119. vahI 50/37 1 20. u0 pu0 48/6 121. vahI 68/66, 67 122. vahI 68/67-68 123. vahI 68/68 124. u0 pu0 68 69 125. dahI 75/580 126. vahI 68/70 127. vahI 68/71 128. vahI 58/55 129. vahI 68/62 130. vahI 68 63 131. u0 pu. 68/63 132. vahI 68 64 133. vahI 64/65 134. vahI 54/38 135. vahI 62/32 136. vahI 68/73-74 137. vahI 59, 175-176 138. vahI 59/174. mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-39

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cAhUMgA apanA sapanA .paM0 udayacandra zAstrI jaMvarIbAga, nasiyA, indaura apane prAMgana meM Aja tujhe dekhA thA smRti paTala para banI huI rekhA maiM nitha par3A hUM sar3akoM para tU nirgrantha madira, masjida, girajAnoM meM, mauja udd'aataa| ghara meM rahakara digambara bhI kahalAtA maiM ambara ke sAye meM sukha se dina-rAta bitAtA maiM bhaktoM ke bIca khar3A paise ho pAtA tere bhakta, tere daravAje para, aMguSTha dikhAte, kucha nahIM milA tujhase gusse se A~kha dikhAte, pau phaTate hI hama sabako ekatrita karavAte socoge mere jIvana ko prAMsU jharanoM se nikaleMge mA~ kI mamatA kA sneha bharA cAhUMgA apanA sapanA hokara jisa patha se nisAra usa patha ko hI maiM khojUgA jisa rasa ko pI tU banA amara usa rasa ko hI maiM piiuugaa| 2-40 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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jaina jisa prakAra mAnate haiM ki yaha avasarpiNI cakra kA pAMcavA zrArA hai arthAt mAnava zarIra, bala, zrAyu Adi kI dRSTi se dhIre dhIre hAsa kI ora jA rahA hai, dhArmika dRSTi se bhI dhIre dhIre usakA patana ho rahA hai| usI prakAra vaidika saMskRti meM bhI yaha kahA jAtA hai ki yaha kalikAla hai, aura pratyeka dRSTi se mAvana patanonmukha hai| donoM meM bheda mAtra yaha hai ki jahAM jaina hAsonmukha kAla ke chaha bhAga karate heM vahAM vaidika sat, tretA, dvApara evaM kali, ye cAra hI bhAga karate haiM / prastu, jainoM dvArA mAnya mAnavasabhyatA ke vikAsa kI kahAnI vaijJAnika aura tarkapUrNa adhika hai / itihAsa kI dRSTi se bhI donoM hI saMskRtiyoM kI paurANika kAla kI ghaTanAe bahuta kucha milatI haiM to isameM zrAzcarya kyA hai kyoMki donoM eka hI dharA para sAtha sAtha pallavita huI haiN| itihAsa ke prAdi kAla se lekara zrAja taka zramaNa sabhyatA aura saMskRti ke vikAsa kI kahAnI zrApa isa khojapUrNa lekha meM par3hiye aura dekhiye ki zramaNa saMskRti vaidika saMskRti se bhI kisa prakAra prAcInatara hai aura donoM ne hI eka dUsare se kyA aura kitanA liyA diyA hai / - polyAkA kulakara aura zramaraNa saMskRti yadyapi kAla eka aura akhaNDa hai, kintu vyAvahArika suvidhA ke lie usako ghaNTA-minaTa saikiNDa, dina-rAta, mAsa-varSa aura ayana - saMvatsara Adi meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai| isake atirikta AcAryoM ne eka dUsarI dRSTi se bhI kAla kA vibhAjana kiyA hai utsarpiNI aura avasaraNI / eka samaya aisA prAtA hai, jaba jagata satata unnati kI ora hI agrasara hotA hai aura eka samaya vaha hotA hai, jaba vaha avanati kI prora dulakatA mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 DA0 premasAgara jaina adhyakSa hindI vibhAga, di0 jaina kaoNleja, bar3auta jAtA hai / isa dRSTi se eka ko utsarpiNI kAla aura dUsare ko avasarpiNI kAla kahate haiM / eka meM manuSyoM kA bala, Ayu, zarIra kA pramANa aura sukha-suvidhA bar3hatI hai, to dUsare meM ghaTatI hai / yaha kAla-cakra ghar3I ke samAna hotA hai| jaise ghar3I kI suI chaH taka nIce kI ora phira chaH taka Upara kI ora calatI hai, isI bhAMti donoM kAla -- suSamA- suSamA, suSamA, suSamA-duSamA, duSamA- suSamA, duSamA aura duSamA-duSamA ke chaH-chaH catroM meM 2-41

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unnati-avanati ke madhya ghUmate rahate haiN| donoM ko kintu aba dhIre-dhIre jyotiraMga kalpavRkSoM kA milAkara eka kalpa banatA hai, jise Aja kI prakAza mlAna hotA jA rahA hai, isalie ye sUrya bhASA meM yuga bhI kahate haiM / aura candra jyotirvanta, camakate hue spaSTa dikhAI par3ane lage haiN| inase tumheM koI bhaya nahIM hai|" upakta avasarpiNI ke chaH meM se prArambha ke sunakara. saba prAzvasta ho gaye / sUrya aura candra tIna kAloM meM yahAM bhogabhUmi thii| taba logoM kI saura jagata ke do graha haiM, yaha eka nayA vijJAna AvazyakatAe binA zrama kiye hI, kalpavRkSoM se unheM jJAta huaa| pUrNa ho jAtI thiiN| ye kalpavRkSa dasa prakAra ke hote the-madyAMga, tUryA ga, vibhUSaNAMga, sragaMga, tAroM ko dekha kara bhaya-trasta janatA ko, jyotiraMga, dIpAMga, gRhAMga, bhojanAGga, pAtrAGga sanmati nAma ke kulakara ne jyotirvijJAna se aura vastrAGga / nAmAnukUla hI apanA-apanA phala paricita kraayaa| unhoMne samajhAte hue kahA ki dene meM ve sakSama the| zanaiH zanaiH unakI saMkhyA ye tArAgaNa, nakSatroM kA samUha hai| bAda meM, unhoMne aura prabhAva kSINa hotA gayA to dharA. dina-rAta kA vibhAga, sUrya grahaNa, candra grahaNa, vAsiyoM ke sammukha samasyAeM abhinava rUpa lekara grahoM kA eka rAzi se dUsarI rAzi para jAnA Adi Ane lagI-aisI samasyAe jo na kabhI dekhI batalAyA / kSemakara kulakara ne siMha, vyAghra Adi gaI thIM, aura na sunI gaI thiiN| unheM sulajhAkara kI garjanA aura utpAta se bacane ke liye, unheM jinhoMne janatA ko sahI samAdhAna diyA. ve jaMgaloM meM chur3avA diyaa| kSemaMdhara ne una hiMsra, kulakara saMjJA se abhihita kiye gye| kulakara vyAghra Adi bhaya kara pazugoM se rakSA kA upAya yuga ke nirmAtA the-asAdhAraNa pratibhA ke dhanI, batAte hue lAThI Adi ke prayoga se avagata apratima aura anupama / aise 14 kulakara hue| karAyA / sImaMkara kulakara ne kalpavRkSoM kI nyUnatA unake nAma the--pratizruti, sanmati, kSemakara, hone ke kAraNa, upasthita vivAdoM ko 'sImAMkana' kSemaMdhara, sImaMkara, sImaMdhara, vimalavAhana, cakSuSmAna, ke siddhAnta se zAnta kiyaa| sImaMdhara kula kara ke yazasvAna, abhicandra, candrAbha, maruddeva, prasenajita samaya meM, kalpavRkSoM ko lekara vivAda aura bhI aura nAbhirAya / ' aneka sthaloM para nAbhirAya ke ugra hone lagA, taba unhoMne vRkSa, jhAr3iyoM Adi putra RSabhadeva ko bhI unake mahAna vyaktitva ke ke dvArA puna: sImAMkana kiyaa| vimalavAhana ne kAraNa kulakara kahA gayA hai / hAthI, ghor3A Adi pazuoM para savArI karane kI zikSA dii| __ jaba tIsare kAla kI samApti meM kucha samaya zeSa thA aura kalpavRkSoM kA prabhAva kramazaH kSINa pahale yugala putra-putrI utpanna hote the| unheM hotA jA rahA thA, taba eka dina udaya hote hue 'yugaliyA' athavA 'jugaliyA' kahA jAtA thaa| candra aura asta hote hue sUrya ko dekhakara loga prAkRtika niyama thA ki utpanna hote hI mAtAbhayabhIta ho utthe| usa samaya pratizruti nAmaka pitA divaMgata ho jAte the| kalpavRkSoM ke nIce prathama kulakara ne unakA samAdhAna kiyA- "ye agUThA cUsate hue ve svataH bar3e ho jAte the / candra aura sUrya graha haiN| pahale jyotiraGga jAti ke zAyada kalpavRkSoM kI sugandhita vAyu unake svataH kalpavRkSoM ke prakAza ke kAraNa ye dhUmila se mAlUma poSaraNa kA mukhya kAraNa banatI hogii| aba samaya par3ate the / ataH inakI ora dhyAna nahIM jAtA thA, badalA aura mAtA-pitA putra kA muha dekhane ke 2-42 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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bAda hI mRtyu ko prApta hone lge| isa ajUbe se ina sabameM nAbhirAya se hama saba vizeSa rUpa se janatA bhayabhIta huI to kulakara cakSuSmAna ne unheM paricita haiM / unakA nAma vaidika aura zramaNa donoM prAzvasta kiyaa| paramparAoM ke granthoM meM samAna rUpa se prApta hotA hai| ve atyadhika pratApazAlI the| unake nAma para samaya bItatA gayA aura mAtA-pitA santA- isa deza ko ajanAbhavarSa kahate the| 'zAzvata koSa' notpati ke bAda, kucha adhika kAla taka jIvita meM likhA hai "prANyaMge chatriye nAbhiH pradhAnanRpa. rahane lge| isase jana-mAnasa zaMkAkula ho utthaa| tAvapi". arthAta jisa prakAra prANI ke agoM yazasvAna kulakara ne unheM upadeza diyA aura ve meM nAbhi mukhya hotI hai, isI prakAra maba rAjAoM loga apanI saMtAna ko AzIrvAda dene lge| meM nAbhirAja mukhya the| 'medinI koSa meM isakA arthAt yazasvAn ne unheM prAzIrvAda denA sikhaayaa| samarthana milatA hai, "nAbhi nukhyanRpe cakramadhyakalakara abhicandra ne isameM vRddhi kii| unhoMne kSatriyayorapi''4 isakA artha hai ki cakra ke madhya mAtA-pitA ko bAlakoM ke lAlana-pAlana kA DhaMga meM jisa prakAra nAbhi kIlI) mukhya hotI hai, isI btaayaa| ataH ve bAlakoM ko candramA dikhalA- prakAra kSatriya rAjAoM meM nAbhi mukhya the| dikhalA kara, unake sAtha krIr3A karane lage / candrAbha bhAgavata kAra ne nAbhi ke nAma para isa deza ke kalakara ke kAla meM mAtA-pitA apanI santAna ke nAmakaraNa kI bAta kahI hai, "ajanAbhaM nAmaitavarSasAtha kucha adhika samaya taka jIvita rahane lage bhAratamiti yat Arabhya vyapadizanti / ' 5 arthAta aura santAna-sukha kA anubhava bhI karane lge| isa deza kA nAma pahale ajanAbhavarSa thA, kintu cakravartI bharata ke nAma para ise bhAratavarSa kahane ___ marudde va kulakara ke samaya meM varSA honI lge| skandapurANa meM bhI "himAdrijaladheranta - prArambha ho gaI, nadiyAM bana gaI aura kucha parvata bhikhaNDamiti smRtam / " AyA hai / isa paMkti ko bhI nikala Aye / taba unhoMne jala-saMtaraNa prAdhAra banAkara DaoN0 avadhabihArIlAla avasthI ke lie nAva aura parvatArohaNa ke lie sIr3hiyoM ne apane prasiddha grantha 'prAcIna bhArata kA bhaugolika kA prAviSkAra kiyA tathA janatA ko usameM dakSa itihAsa' meM likhA hai, "jambUdvIpa ke nau varSoM meM se bnaayaa| himAlaya aura samudra ke bIca meM sthita bhUkhaNDa ko kAla-krama se prasenajita ke kAla meM bAlaka prAgnIdhra ke putra nAbhi ke nAma para hI nAbhikhaNDa jarAyU meM lipaTe hue utpanna hone lage, taba unhoMne kahA gayA / "' nAbhi kA dUsarA nAma ajanAbha thA. jarAyU ko phAr3ane kI vidhi batalAI / nAbhirAya isI kAraNa use ajanAbhavarSa bhI kahate the| kulakara ke samaya meM, utpanna hote samaya bAlaka kI DaoN0 vAsudevazaraNa agravAla ne 'mArkaNDeyapurANa: nAbhi meM nAla dikhAI dene lgaa| unhoMne nAla sAMskRtika adhyayana' ke eka pAda-TippaNa meM likhA kATane kI vidhi sikhAI, isIliye ve nAbhirAya hai, "nAbhi ko ajanAbha bhI kahate the, jo atyanta kahalAye / mahApurANa meM likhA hai : "tasya kAle pratApI the aura jinake nAma para yaha deza sutotpattau nAbhinAlamadRzyat / sa tannikata nopAya- ajanAbhavarSa kahalAtA thaa|"8 mAdizannAbhirityabhUt ||is prakAra caudaha hI kalakaroM ne apane-apane kAla meM janopayogI kArya nAbhirAya kA yuga eka saMkrAntikAla thaa| kiye| jaba ve siMhAsana para baiThe bhArata bhogabhUmi thii| mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-43

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kalpavRkSa phalate the| aparAdha-vRtti kA abhAva thaa| nAbhirAjAjJayA srasTustato'ntikamupAyayuH / sabhI meM pArasparika sadbhAva thaa| pratyeka kA prajAH praNatamU no jIvitopAyAlapsayA // " manovAMchita phala kalpavRkSoM se prApta ho jAtA thA, -mahApurANa, 16/133-34 to asadvRtti kA prazna hI nahIM uThatA thaa| kintu, mohana-jo-daro ke 1927--28 ke utkhanana meM unake jIvanakAla meM hI bhogabhUmi samApta ho gii| kalpavRkSa niHzeSaprAyaH ho gaye / karmabhUmi kA prArambha eka aisI mAnava-mUtti prApta huI hai, jo abhI taka humA / naye prazna the, naye hala cAhie the / nAbhirAya kI purAtAtvika khojoM meM atyadhika mahatvapUrNa hai / ce dhairyapUrvaka unakA samAdhAna diyaa| ve svayaM vaha sIla naM0 88 para rakhI huI hai / vidvAnoM kA trANasaha bane / unheM kSatriya kahA gyaa| 'kSatriya anumAna hai ki vaha nAbhirAya kI mUrti hai| strAraNasahaH' una para caritArtha hotA thaa| Age usakA veza-vinyAsa evaM prazasta vastra tatkAlIna calakara, kSatriya zabda nAbhi artha meM rUr3ha ho gyaa| rAjaparicchada kA mAnAMka upasthita karate haiM / sira amarakoSakAra ne 'kSatriye nAbhiH' likhakara santoSa para mukuTa nahIM hai / sambhavataH vaha RSabhadeva ko kiyaa| AcArya hemacandra ne bhI 'abhidhAnacitA. rAjamukuTa pahanAne ke pazcAt kA citra hai| maNi, 1/36 meM "nAbhizca kSatriye" likhA hai| bhagavajjinasenAcArya ke mahApurANa meM eka sthAna unhoMne apane puruSArtha se sayuga ko janma diyaa| para likhA haiprajA sukhI banI aura bhogabhUmi ke samAna hI use saba nAbhirAjaH svahastena maulimAropayat prabhoH / sukha-suvidhAeM prApta huii| mahArAjA nAbhirAya mahAmukuTabaddhAnAmadhirAD bhagavAniti // svayaM kalpavRkSa ho gye| bhagavajjinasenAcArya ne -mahApurANa, 16/232 mahApurANa meM likhA hai, "candra ke samAna ve aneka kalAoM kI AdhArabhUmi the, sUrya ke samAna tejavAna yaha citra 'sUrasAgara' meM bhI dekhane ko milatA the, indra ke samAna vaibhava-sampanna the aura kalpavRkSa hai| RSabhadeva ke prasaMga meM, eka sthala para sUradAsa ke samAna manovAMchita phaloM ke pradAtA the| ne likhA haizazIva sa kalAdhAraH tejasvI bhAnumAniva / "bahuro risabha bar3e jaba bhaye / prabhu zakra ivAbhISTa: phaladaH kalpazAkhivat // nAbhi, rAja de vana ko gaye / / -mahApurANa, 12/11 risabha-rAja parajA sukha paayo| bhogabhUmi ke avaziSTa nAbhirAya ne, karmabhUmi jasa tAko saba jaga meM chAyo / "10 kI uThane vAlI nayI-nayI samasyAoM ko bahuta nAbhirAya ke putra RSabhadeva, jinheM jaina Adi sulajhAyA, kintu nayI-nayI zaMkAeM uThatI hI jA tIrthakara mAnate haiM, eka yuga puruSa the| unakA rahI thiiN| jaba unhoMne ina sabake samAdhAna meM ullekha Rgveda se lekara zrImadbhAgavat taka meM apane putra RSabhadeva ko pUrNa samartha dekhA to tathA sabhI jaina granthoM meM zraddhA-pUrvaka liyA gayA hai| prajA ko unhIM ke pAsa bhejanA prArambha kara satya yaha hai ki unakI pratibhA sUvistRta thI, to diyA-- hRdaya bhI mahAn thaa| unameM donoM kA adbhuta sama"tatprahANAnmanovRtti dadhAnA vyaakuliikRtaam| nvaya huA thaa| unhoMne karmabhUmi kI Adi prajA nAbhirAjamupAseduH prajA jIvitakAmyayA // ko jIne kA mArga dikhAyA, to apane tyAga aura 2-44 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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duddharSa tapa ke dvArA mokSamArga bhI prazasta kiyaa| hue, unhoMne kAla ke anusAra dharma kA prAcaraNa kara unhoMne loka aura paraloka donoM ke prAdarza prastuta ke, usakA tatva na jAnane vAloM ko, usakI zikSA kiye / zAyada isI kAraNa zrImadbhAgavat meM unheM ___ dii| sAtha hI, sama, zAnta, suhRd evaM kAruNika bhagavAn kahA gayA hai-- raha kara dharma-artha-yaza-santAnarUpa bhoga-sukha tathA mokSa-sukha kA anubhava karate hue gRhasthAzrama meM "maharSiH tasminneva viSNudattaH bhagavAn parama- logoM ko niyamita kiyaa| SibhiH prasAditaH nAbheH pricikIrSayA tadavarodhAyane maradevyAM dharmAn darzayitukAmo vAtarazanAnAM zramaraNA- yaha satya hai ki unake sundara aura suDaula nAmRSINAmUrdhvamaMthinAMzuklayA tanuvAvatatAra / '11 zarIra, vipulakItti, teja, bala, aizvarya, yaza, parA. isakA artha hai-he parIkSita ! usa yajJa meM maha- krama aura zaurya prAdi guNoM ke kAraNa, mahArAjA rSiyoM dvArA isa prakAra prasanna kiye jAne para bhaga- nAbhirAya ne unakA nAma RSabha rakkhA thaa| RSabha vAn, mahArAja nAbhi kA priya karane ke lie, unake kA eka artha hai-dharma / RSabhadeva sAkSAt dharma hI antaHpura meM, mahArAnI marudevI ke garbha se, digambara the| unhoMne svayaM kahA-merA yaha zarIra durvibhAvya zramaNoM aura UrdhvagAmI muniyoM kA dharma prakaTa hai, arthAt merI zArIrika prAcAra kriyAe saba kI karane ke lie zuddha satvamaya zarIra se prakaTa hue| samajha meM sahaja nahIM pAtIM / mere hRdaya meM satva kA nivAsa hai, vahI dharma kI sthiti hai / maiMne dharma-sva. zrImad bhAgavatkAra ne hI anyatra eka sthAna rUpa hokara adharma ko pIche dhakela riyA hai, ataeva para likhA hai ki yadyapi ve paramAnanda svarUpa the, mujhe Arya loga 'RSabha' kahate haiMsvayaM bhagavAn the, phira bhI unhoMne gRhasthAzrama meM niyamita AcaraNa kiyA / unakA yaha prAcaraNa idaM zarIraM mama durvibhAvyaM mokSasahitA ke viparItavat lagatA hai, kintu vaisA thA satvaM hi me hRdayaM yatra dharmaH / nahIM / mokSa vahI pA sakatA hai jo sahI arthoM meM pRSThe kRto me yadadharma pArAdatoH, mAnava ho, usameM mAnavIya guNa hoN| unheM caritArtha hi mAM RSabhaM prAhurAryAH // 18 karane meM RSamadeva ne apanA jIvana khapA diyaa| viparItatA kaisI ! bhAgavata kA vaha uddharaNa hai eka sthAna para parIkSita ne kahA-he dharmatatva ko jAnane vAle RSabhadeva ! Apa dharma kA upadeza "bhagavAna RSabhasajJaH prAtmataMtraH svayaM nitya- kara rahe haiM / avazya hI Apa vRSabha rUpa se svayaM nivRttAnarthaparamparaH kevalAnandAnubhavaH Izvara evaM dharma haiM / adharbha karane vAle ko jo narakAdi sthAna viparItavat karmAraNyArabhyamANaH kAlenAnugata dharma- prApta hote haiM, ve hI sthAna prApakI nindA karane mAcAreNopaMzikSayannatadvidAM sama upazAnto maitraH vAle ko milate haiMkAruNiko dharmArthayaza: prajAnandAmRtAvarodhena gRheSu dharma vRvISi dharmajJa dharmo'si vaSarUpadhRk / loka niyamayat // "12 isakA artha hai-bhagavAn yadadharmakRtaH sthAnaM sUcakasyApi tadbhavet // 14 RSabhadeva yadyapi parama svatantra hone ke kAraNa svayaM sarvadA hI, saba prakAra kI anartha-paramparA se rahita 'purudevacampU' eka prasiddha granya hai / jaina pAThakoM kevala prAnandAnubhava svarUpa aura sAkSAt Izvara hI ke bIca usakI khyAti rahI hai| isameM puradeva the, to bhI viparItavat pratIta hone vAle karma karate (RSabhadeva) kA jIvana caritra sAhityika sA~ce meM mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-45

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prastuta kiyA gayA hai| eka sthAna para likhA haivRSa zabda dharmavAcaka hai aura tribhuvanaguru ! Apa usa dharma se zobhAyamAna haiM, isaliye indra ne vRSabha nAma rakkhA - vRSo dharmastena tribhuvanagururbhAti yadayaM / tato nAkAdhIzo vRSabha iti nAmAsya vidadhe // 15 'suprabhAta stotra' meM bhagavAna RSabhadeva kI vandanA karate hue bhakta kavi kA kathana hai ki hai prabho ! mahAna AtmasvarUpa prApa vRSabha ke smaraNa se hI prabhAta suprabhAta bana jAtA hai / Apane bhavya prANiyoM ko sukha dene vAle tIrtha kI pravRtti kI hai-- suprabhAtaM tavaikasya vRSabhasya mahAtmanaH / yena pravartitaM tIrthaM bhavya satva sukhAvaham // 16 bhagavAna ne dharma kA upadeza diyA kyoMki va svayaM dharmarUpa the, tIrtha kA pravartana kiyA, kyoMki svayaM tIrthaMkara the, yaha saba kucha satya hai, kintu unhoMne prajA ko sasAra meM jIne kA upAya bhI btaayaa| unhoMne saba se pahale kSAtradharma kI zikSA dii| mahAbhArata ke zAntiparva meM likhA hai- kSAtradharma bhagavAna AdinAtha se pravRtta huA aura zeSadharma isake pazcAt pracalita hue kSAtro dharmo hyAdidevAt pravRttaH 1 pazcAdanye zeSabhUtAzca dharmAH 1117 8 bhagavajjinasenAcArya ke mahApurANa meM bhI 'Adya ena vedhasA sRSTaH sargA'yaM kSatrapUrvaka:' likhA huA hai| brahmANDa purANa meM pArthivazreSTha RSabhadeva ko saba kSatriyoM kA pUrvaja kahA hai- "RSabhaM pArthivazreSTha sarvakSatrasya pUrvajam // prajAnoM kA rakSaNa kSAtra dharma hai / aniSTa se rakSA tathA jIvanIya upAyoM se pratipAlana, ye donoM guNa prajApati RSa 2-46 bhadeva meM vidyamAna the / unhoMne svayaM donoM hAthoM meM zastra dhAraNa kara jina logoM ko zastravidyA sikhAI, unheM kSatriya nAma bhI pradAna kiyA / kSatriya saMjJA kA antarnihita bhAva yahI thA ki jo hAthoM meM zastra lekara duSToM aura sabala zatruoM se nirbaloM kI rakSA karate haiM ve kSatriya haiM / unhoMne zastravidyA kI zikSA hI nahIM dI, apitu sarvaprathama kSatriyavarNa kI sthApanA bhI kI ''svadorbhyAM dhArayan zastraM kSatriyAnasRjad vibhuH / kSatatrAraNe niyuktA hi kSatriyAH zastrapAraNavaH // 40 RSabhadeva kA yaha kathana atyadhika mahatvapUrNa hai ki kevala zatruoM aura duSToM se yuddha karanA hI kSAtra dharma nahIM hai, apitu viSaya-vAsanA, tRSNA aura moha prAdi jItanA kSAtradharma hai| unhoMne donoM kAma kiye / zAyada isI kAraNa Aja kSatriyoM ko adhyAtmavidyA kA puraskarttA mAnA jAtA hai / jitanA aura jaisA yuddha pRthvI jItane ke lie prAvazyaka hai, utanA hI, usase bhI adhika mohAdika jItane ke lie zranivArya hai / RSabhadeva ne sAgaraparyanta pRthvI jItI, vyavasthita kI, aura phira mohAdi zatru kA vinAza karane meM bhI vilamba nahIM kiyA / isa sandarbha meM prAcArya samantabhadra ne bhAvabhInA saMskRta zloka likhA hai "vihAya yaH sAgaravArivAsasaM vadhUmivemAM vasudhAM vadhU satIm / mumukSurikSvAku kulAdirAtmavAn prabhu pravavrAja sahiSNaracyutaH // 21 isakA artha hai ki sAgara vAri ( samudra jala ) hI hai dukUla jisakA (samudra paryanta vistRta), aisI vasudhA rUpI satI vadhU ko chor3a kara, mokSa kI icchA rakhane vAle, ikSvAkuvaMzIya, zrAtmavAn, sahiSNu aura acyuta prabhu ne dIkSA le lI / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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unhoMne apane doSoM ko apane samAdhi teja se bhava ke eka smaraNa se , zreyAMsakumAra ne apane bhAI bhasma kara diyaa| phira, jagata ko sahI tatva kA aura bhAvaja ke sAtha bhagavAna ko ikSu ke prAsuka upadeza diyA aura brahmapada se suzobhita hae / tIrtha- rasa kA AhAra diyA / yahI bhagavAn kA vrata thaa| kara pArzvanAtha ne rAja-pada bhogA aura phira, unhoMne pAhAra liyaa| isa aAhAra dAna kI mahimA "svayoganistrizanizAtadhArayA, nizAtya yo durjaya- sabhI prAcIna granthoM meM surakSita hai / maiM ise isa moha vidviSaM / avApadAmacintya''hantyaprabhinayamad- prakAra mAnatA hU~ ki bhagavAn ne jisa ikSa daNDa se bhuta, prilokapUjAtizayA, spadaM padam // ' arthAt rasa nikAlane kI vidhi batAI thI, use prAdhyAapane yoga rUpI khaDga kI painI dhAra se moha rUpI tmika upayoga meM pratiSThita kara, prajAtroM ke mastizatru ko kATa kara, acintya aura tInoM loko kI Ska meM usakI mahimA aura bhI bar3hA dii| bar3hAI hI pUjA ke sthAna svarUpa prArhantya pada ko prApta kara nahIM, sthAyI kara dii| Aja ikSudaNDa aura usake liyA / tAtparya hai ki kSatriya kA artha kevala sAMsA- rasa kA vizva prAbhArI hai| rika jIta hI nahIM, apitu prAdhyAtmika jIta hai| prAkRtika avarodha ki kalpavRkSoM se bhojana kI usake do duzmana haiM-eka bAhya hai to dUsarA prAnta vyavasthA niHzeSaprAyaH ho gaI / taba bhagavAn ne rika / eka sthUla hai to dUsarA sUkSma / eka AsAna prajAoM ko kRSi kI zikSA dii| kRSi kA artha hai dUsarA muzkila / donoM kA vijetA hI saccA kSatriya hai| hai-kRSiH bhUkarSaNe proktA / pRthvI ke vilekhana ko kRSi kahate haiN| jaise anAra ko cIrane se usameM se bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke samaya meM ikSudaNDa svayaM rasa pUrNa dAne nikalate haiM, usI prakAra hala mukha se saMbhUta the, kintu loga unakA upayoga karanA nahIM vidIrNa karane para prANa rakSaka anna prApta hotA hai / jAnate the / RSabhadeva ne unake rasa nikAlane kI unhoMne khetI karane kA DhaMga batAyA aura usameM vidhi batAI / zAyada isI kAraNa ve ikSvAku kaha- prajAtroM ko niSNAta kiyA / ve khetI ke pahale upa. lAye / mahApurANa meM likhA hai "prAvanAcca tadi- dezaka the| prAcArya samantabhadra ne likhA haikSUNAM rasasaMgrahaNe nRNAm / ikSvAkurityabhUd devo "prajApatiryaH prathama jijIviSuH / jagatAmabhisammataH / / ": aAvazyakacUriNa meM 'akkhu zazAsa kRSyAdiSu karmasu prajAH / / "26 bhakkhaNe, 4 kahA gayA hai isa prakAra 'ikkhu' aura 'aku' mila kara 'ikkhAgo' prAkRta meM aura 'ikSvAku usa samaya khetI kA mukhya sAdhana thA vRSabha / saMskRta meM banatA hai / Avazyaka niyukti meM 'sakko unhoMne usa para bala diyaa| use mahatvapUrNa ghoSita vasadvavaNe ikbu agU teNa hunti ikkhAgo / "25 kiyA, yahAM taka ki isa AdhAra para unhoMne apanA likhA hai| nAma vRSabhadeva kahalAnA gauravAspada smjhaa| bhagavAna ko eka varSa se pAhAra nahIM milA unhoMne vRSabha ko apanA mukhya cinha banAyA / thaa| unhoMne apane mana meM eka vrata liyA thA, tada ve vRSabhalAcchana khlaaye| grAja bhAratIya purAtatva nurUpa AhAra upalabdha nahIM hotA thaa| eka dina meM vRSabhadeva kI mUrtiyAM vRSabha cinha se hI pahacAnI hastinApura phuNce| vahAM ke mahArAjA somaprabha, jAtI haiM / Age calakara vRSabha zabda 'zreSTha' artha unakI mahArAnI lakSmImatI aura choTe bhAI zreyAMsa kA dyotaka ho gayA, zAyada vaha vRSabhadeva ke dvArA kumAra ne pUjA arcA pUrvaka svAgata kiyA / pUrva cihnarUpa meM dhAraNa kiye jAne ke kAraNa hI / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-47

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svapna pAThaka svapna meM vRSabha ko zubha phaladAyI mAnate haiM / vRSabhadeva ne hala aura baila ke dvArA kevala kRSi karanA hI nahIM sikhAyA, apitu utpanna anna se bhojana kI vidhi bhI batAI / ataH koI vyakti aisA nahIM thA, jo annAbhAva se pIr3ita rahA ho| RSabhadeva ne lipi aura gaNita kI zikSA apanI putriyoM ko dii| brAhmI ko bhASA aura lipi kA jJAna kraayaa| usI ke nAma para bhArata kI prAcIna lipi ko brAhmI lipi kahate haiM / bhASAvijJAnavettAoM kA kathana hai ki brAhmIlipi pUrNa aura sarvagrAhya thii| Age calakara isa lipi se aneka lipiyoM kA vikAsa huaa| Aja kI devanAgarI lipi usI kA vikasita rUpa hai / brAhmIdevI kA eka mandira, cambAghATI ke bharabhaura nAmaka sthAna para prApta huA hai / mandira prAcIna kAla kA avazeSa hai / ho sakatA hai ki RSabhadeva ne apanI putrI ko udhara kA rAjya diyA ho praura usake acche kAryoM ne use devI ke rUpa meM prasiddha kara diyA ho, athavA dIkSA dhAraNa kara usane vahAM rUpa kiyA ho aura zatAbdiyoM taka kisI divyazakti ke rUpa meM pUjI jAtI rahI ho / brAhmI ke dIkSA dhAraNa karane kI bAta jinasena ke harivaMza purANa se pramANita hai| 27 RSabhadeva ne apanI dUsarI putrI sundarI ko prAMkoM kA jJAna karavAyA / usase gaNita vidyA kA prasAra samUce jagata meM huA / zrAja jainAcAryoM ke likhe gariNata-sambandhI mahatvapUrNa grantha milate haiN| lipi aura grAMka zikSA ke sandarbha meM mahApurANa kA uddharaNa hai " tadvidyAgrahaNe yatnaM putrike kurutaM yuvAm | tatsaMgrahaNakAlo'yam vayorvartate'dhunA // ityuktvA muhurAzAmya vistIrNe hemapaTTake / adhivAstha svacittasthAM zrutadavI saparyayA // vibhuH karadvayenAbhyAM likhannakSaramAlikAm / 2-48 upAdizatilapi saMkhyAsthAnaM cAGka ranukramAt // tato bhagavato vaktrAnniH sRtAmakSarAvalIm / siddha' nama iti vyaktamaGgalAM siddhamAtRkAm // prakArAdi hakArAntAM zuddhAM muktAvalImiva / svaravyaJjanabhedena dvidhA bhedamupeyuSIm // prayogavAhaparyAntAM sarvavidyAsu santatAm / saMyogAkSara sambhUti naikabIjAkSarezcitAm // samavAdIdharad brAhmI medhAvinyati sundarI / sundarI gaNitaM sthAnatramaiH samyagadhArayat / / 28 isakA artha hai - tuma donoM ke vidyAgrahaNa kA yahI samaya hai, ataH vidyA prApti meM prayatna karo / bhagavAn vRSabhadeva ne aisA kaha kara, bAra-bAra unheM AzIrvAda diyA tathA svarNa ke vistRta paTTa para, apane citta meM sthita zratadevatA kA pUjana kara sthApita kiyA / phira donoM hAthoM se - dAhine hAtha se akSaramAlikA rUpa lipi kA aura bAyeM hAtha se saMkhyA kA jJAna kraayaa| jo bhagavAn ke mukha se nikalI huI hai, jisameM 'siddha' namaH ' isa prakAra kA maMgalAcaraNa atyanta spaSTa hai, jisakA nAma siddhamAtRkA hai, jo svara- vyaJjana ke bheda se do bhedoM ko prApta hai aura zuddha motiyoM kI mAlA ke samAna hai, aisI prakAra ko Adi lekara hakAra- paryanta tathA visarga, anusvAra, jihvAmUlIya aura upadhmAnIya ina prayogavAha paryanta samasta zuddha akSarAvalI ko buddhimatI brAhmI putrI ne dhAraNa kiyA aura sundarI ne ikAI-dahAI Adi sthAnoM ke krama se gaNitazAstra ko bhalIbhAMti avagrahaNa kiyaa| jagadguru vRSabhadeva ne apane putroM ko bhI aneka zAstra par3hAye / bharata ko arthazAstra, vRSabhasena ko gandharvazAstra, anantavijaya ko citrakalA Adi kalAoM kA jJAna, bAhubalI ko kAmazAstra, zrAyurveda, dhanurveda, ratnaparIkSA zrAdi kI jAnakArI kA nirUpaNa kiyA / lokopakAraka sabhI zAstra mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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unhoMne apane putroM ko sikhAye / unakA yugapuruSa nAma sArthaka thA / isI kAraNa aura paramArtha ke abhilASI the| ve zramaNa muni ho gaye, ve anazana Adi tapa karate the| vRSabhadeva ne eka suniyojita vyavasthita rUpa meM ___ yahAM zramaNa se abhiprAya hai. zrAmyati tapaH prajAoM ko anuzAsita kiyaa| unhoMne karma ke klezaM sahate iti zramaNaH / " arthAt jo tapazcaraNa AdhAra para vargIkaraNa kiyA / ve caturvarNI vyavasthA karate haiM, ve zramaNa haiN| zrI haribhadrasUri ne dazake sUtradhAra bane / 1 cANakya kI arthanIti meM jisa vaikAlika sUtra (13) meM likhA hai, ''zrAmyantIti caturvarNa vyavasthA para adhikAdhika bala diyA gayA zramaNAH tapasyantItyarthaH / " isakA artha hai ki jo hai, vaha vRSabhadeva se prArambha ho cukI thii| prAcArya zrama karatA hai, kaSTa sahatA hai arthAt tapa karatA somadeva ke nItivAkyAmRta meM variNata caturvarNa hai, vaha tapasvI zramaNa hai / raviSeNAcArya ke vyavasthA cANakya kI arthanIti se prabhAvita na padamacarita (6/212) meM kathana hai. "parityajya hokara, apanI hI pUrvaparamparA, arthAt vRSabhadeva kI nRpo rAjyaM zramaNo jAyate mahAn / tapasA prApya vyavasthA se prabhAvita thii| kucha anusandhitsu isa sambandhaM tapohi zrama ucyate / " sambandha meM bhrama mUlaka mAnyatAeM sthApita kara DAlate haiN| unheM upakta bAta para adhika dhyAna dene kI AvazyakatA hai| taittirIyAraNyaka 2/7 meM zramaNoM kI paribhASA dI hai, "vAtarazanAnAM zramaNA nAmRSINAmUrdhvamaMbhogabhUmi ke bAda karma bhUmi ke prArambha meM, thinaH / " sAyaNAcArya ne isakI vyAkhyA kI hai, dharA aura dharAvAsiyoM kI AvazyakatAoM ke "vAtarazamAkhyA: RSayaH zramaNA - UrdhvamaMthino samAdhAna meM vRSabhadeva ne jisa ghora zrama kA paricaya vabhUvuH / " isakA artha hai ki digambara zramaNa diyA, vahI aAtmavidyA ke puraskartA hone meM bhI RSi tapa se sampUrNa karma naSTa karake Urdhvagamana kiyA / ve zramaNadhArA ke prAdi pravartaka kahe jAte karane vAle hue haiN| Urdhvagamana jIva kA svabhAva hai, haiN| bhAgavatakAra ne RSabhadeva ko nAnA yoga- vaha sadA se isake lie prayatna karatA rahA hai, kintu caryAnoM kA AcaraNa karane vAle "kaivalyapati' kI karmoM kA bhAra use adhika UMcAI taka nahIM jAne saMjJA to dI hI haiM, sAtha hI unheM digambara zramaNoM detA / jaba jIva karma-bandhana se nitAMta mukta ho aura UrdhvagAmI muniyoM ke dharma kA grAdi pratiSThAtA jAtA hai, taba apane svAbhAvAnusAra loka ke anta aura zramaNadharma kA pravartayitA mAnA hai| unake taka Urdhvagamana karatA hai, jaisA ki tatvArtharAtra kA sau putroM meM se nau putra zramaNa muni bane, bhAgavata meM kathana hai, "tadantaramUrdhva gacchantyAlokAntAta 134 yaha bhI ullekha milatA hai---- jaina zAstroM meM jahAM bhI mokSatatva kA varNana AyA hai. vahAM para isakA vistAra se varNana milatA hai| "navAbhavana mahAbhAgA munayo hyrthshNsitH| isI sandarbha meM vaidika RSiyoM ne vAtarazanA zramaNa zramaNA vAtarazanA prAtmavidyAvizAradAH // " muniyoM ke lie UrdhvapaMthI. UvaM retA Adi zabdoM -zrImadbhAgavat, 11/2/20 kA prayoga kiyA hai| isakA artha hai-RSabhadeva ke sau putroM meM se loka ke anta taka Urdhvagamana kara pAnA zramaNa nau putra bar3e bhAgyavAna the, prAtma-jJAna meM nipuNa the kI sAdhanA kA mukhya lakSya hotA hai| 'vRhadAraNya mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-49

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kIpaniSada' meM likhA hai ki usa samaya zramaNa a- atadilAsaH strayamanye nAbhinAH supIvasaH subalAH zramaNa ho jAtA hai aura tApasa pratApasa, arthAt ataSitAH tapArahitA. atRSNaja: nispRhA bhavatha" isake sAtha nAma kI koI bAhya upAdhi nahIM raha isakA hindI artha hai-pApa zramaNa-rahita, dUsaroM ke jaatii| vaha zramaNa-azramaNa, tApasa atApasa se dvArA zithila na kiye jA sakane vAle, balavAna, Upara uTha jAtA hai / na pApa rahate haiM aura na puNya, tRSNA-rahita aura nirmoha ho / yahA~ zramaNa-rahita kA donoM se chuTakArA pA letA hai / hRdaya meM bhare zoka artha hai ki Apa zramaNa kI upAdhi se mukta ho jAyeM, svayaM cuka jAte haiN| vaha uddharaNa hai , "zramaNo'zra- arthAt Apako tapa-rUpI zrama karane kI AvazyakatA maNastApasI' tApaso'nanvAgataM puNyenAnanvAgataM pApena na raha jAye, arthAt Apako kaivalya prApta hojAye / tIrNo hi tadA sarvAJchokAn hRdayasya bhavati" / 'zramaNa' zabda kA adhikAdhika mahatva rahA hai / isa kathana kI puSTi zAMkarabhASya se bhI ho jAtI vaiyyAkaraNa atyanta anivArya sthiti meM hI kisI hai, "zramaNa parivrAT, yatkarmanimitto bhavati, sa tena kisI zabda-vizeSa ke lie niyama banAte haiM, anyathA vinimuktattvAdazramaNaH"36 arthAt jisa karma-bhAra nhiiN| kintu zramaNa zabda ke sambandha meM vyAkaraNako cukAne ke lie puruSa zramaNa parivrAT banatA hai, granthoM meM vizeSa niyama upalabdha haiN| zAkaTAyana ne usake cuka jAne para vaha prazramaNa ho jAtA hai, likhA hai-"kumAraH zramaNAdinA" (zAkaTAyana tAtparya hai ki use phira tapa-rUpI zrama karane kI 2/1/78) 'zramaNa' ke sAtha kumAra aura kumArI AvazyakatA nahIM raha jaatii| jaina zAstroM ke anu- zabda kI siddhi ke sambandha meM yaha sUtra hai / usa samaya sAra bhI kSapaNaka zreNI prArohaNa karane vAlA zramaNa kimArazramaNA' jaise pada loka-pracalita the| yaha muni pApa aura pUNya donoM se rahita ho jAtA hai usa tApasI ko kahate the, jo kumArI avasthA meM aura kaSAya tathA dhAti catuSka kA nAza karake zramaNA bana jAtI thii| zramaNAdi-gaNapATha' ke kaivalya kI prApti kara letA hai| brahmopaniSad meM antargata 'kumAra pravrajitA', 'kumAra tApasI'--jaise bhI parabrahma kA anubhava karane vAle kI jisa dazA niSpanna zabdoM se yaha siddha hotA hai ki usa samaya kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, vaha hU-bahU aisI hI hai--- kumAriyAM pravrajyA grahaNa karatI thIM, yaha loka"zramaNo na zramaNaMstApaso na tApasa: ekameva vizru ta thA / bhagavAn RSabhadeva kI donoM putriyoM tat paraM brahma vibhAti nirvANam / / "37 ne kumArI-avasthA meM hI 'zramaNA' pada grahaNa kiyA zramaNa zabda sarva prathama Rgveda ke dazama maNDala thA / prAcArya jinasena ne 'harivaMzapurANa' meM likhA meM upalabdha hotA hai / isa RcA meM bhI 'vRhadAraNya- hai, "brAhmI ca sundarI cobhe kumAyauM dhairyasaMgate / kopaniSad' kI taraha dhyAna kI utkRSTa sthiti kA pravrajya bahanArIbhirAryANAM prabhutAM gate / "39 arthAt varNana kiyA gayA hai dhairya se yukta brAhmI aura sundarI nAmaka donoM kumAriyAM tRdilA atRdilAso adrayo'zramaNA azRthitA amRtyavaH aneka striyoM ke sAtha dIkSA le AyikAoM kI anAturA ajarAH sthAmaviSNava: supaviso atRSitA svAminI bana gii| isI purANa meM eka dUsare atRSNaja: / / 8 sthAna para likhA hai, 'brAhmIyaM' sundarIyaM ca samastAisa para sAyaNAcArya ne likhA hai-"prazramaNAH giraNAgaNIH / kumArIbhyAM priye tAbhyAM mArabhaGgaH zramaNavajitA: azRthitAH anyarazithilIkRtA: a- sphuTIkRtaH / 10 isakA artha hai-he priye ! yaha mRtyavaH amAritAH anAturAH arogAH ajarAH jarAra- samasta AryAnoM kI agraNI brAhmI hai aura yaha hitAH stha bhavatha / kiJca prabhaviSNavaH utkSepaNAva- sundarI hai, ina donoM ne kumArI avasthA meM kAmadeva kSepaNagatyupetAH he prAvANaH tRdilAH anyeSAM bhedakAH ko parAjita kara diyA hai / neminAtha vivAha-dvAra se 2-50 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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ho dIkSA le tapa karane cale gaye the, ata: rAjula jahAM zramaNadhArA pUrNarUpa meM ahiMsaka rahI-dravya kA vivAha na ho sakA aura vaha bhI kumArI avasthA rUpa se bhI, bhAva rUpa se bhI, bAhya rUpa se bhI aura meM hI dIkSA le ajikA ho gaI thii| zAkaTAyana svayaM antaH rUpa se bhI, vahA~ 'vaidikI hiMsA hiMsA na bhavati' zramaNa-saMgha ke prAcArya the-"mahAzramaNasaMghAdhipa- ko apanA kara vaidika dhArA uttarottara hiMsA-paraka tiryaH zAkaTAyana: / "11 ataH zramaragoM ke sambandha meM hotI gii| usake yajJoM meM bali ko pramukhatA milii| unakI jAnakArI prAmANika kahI jA sakatI hai| karmakANDa bar3hA aura ADambara dharma kahe jAne lge| pANinIya ne bhI aSTAdhyAyI (2/170) meM 'kumAraH isI kAraNa, unameM asahiSNutA bar3hI to bar3hatI hI zramaNAdibhiH' likha kara zAkaTAyana kA samarthana hI gaI / DA~. maMgaladeva zAstrI kA kathana hai, "RSi yA kiyA hai| vaidikI saMskRti meM karmakANDa kI pradhAnatA aura kintu pANinIya ke uparyukta mUtra para pAta asahiSNutA kI pravRtti bar3hI to zramaraNa-saMskRti yA jali ke mahAbhAgya 3/419, yeSAM ca virodhaH muni saMskRti meM ahiMsA, nirAmiSatA tathA vicArazAzvatikaH ityasyAvakAza: zramaNaH brAhmaNam / " sahiSNutA kI pravRtti dikhAI par3I / " zramaNoM kA spaSTIkaraNa Avazyaka pratIta hotA hai / yahAM ke udAratA-paraka dRSTikoNa kA uttama nidarzana haizAzvatika zabda dhyAna dene yogya hai| zramaNa aura anekAMta / ise sApekSa dRSTi kaheM to ucita hI brAhmaNoM meM virodha thA aura vaha bhI aisA-vaisA hogaa| isase vastu svabhAva sahI rUpa meM samajhA jA nahIM, zAzvatika / jo virodha hetu yA virodha janya sakA / isameM haTha yA Agraha ko koI sthAna nhiiN| hotA hai, vaha usa hetu ke dUra hone para samApta ho isase taTastha aura niSpakSa mUlyAMkana ho pAtA hai| jAtA hai, kintu yaha to zAzvatika hai| zAzvatika yaha dRSTi vahI apanA pAtA hai jo sahiSNa aura vahI ho sakatA hai, jisake mUla siddhAnta meM udAra ho| dUsarI ora aikAntika dRSTi hone se virodha ho / arthAt yaha virodha saiddhA- haTha aura prAgraha svataH praviSTa ho gye| ntika hai kisI nimitta se utpanna nahIM huA / eka meM nivRtti-mUlakatA thI, to dUsarI meM brAhmaNa vaidika dhArA kA pratinidhi thA aura zramaNa pravRtti pradhAna thii| nivRtti ke hI kAraNa zramaNa zramaNadhArA kaa| jahAM vaidikadhArA ekezvaravAdI vizuddha adhyAtmavAdI rahe / zrImadbhAgavat kA yaha thI, vahA~ zramaNadhArA anekeshvrvaadii| zramaNoM kA kathana satya hai ki-'zramaNA vAtarazanA AtmavicAra thA ki rAga-dveSa kA samUla nAza karake vidyA vizAradAH / ' ananta zaktiyoM kI srota pratyeka vyakti brahma bana sakatA hai, vaha kevala apanI AtmA ko hI unhoMne brahma mAnA, usI kI jJAtA aura draSTA hotA hai, kartA, bhartA aura hartA bhakti kI aura use hI prApta karane kA prayatna kiyA nahIM / isa prakAra unhoMne pratyeka jIva meM, apane hI usase bar3A kisI ko nahIM mAnA, na rAjA ko, na tapa-samAdhi-rUpa zrama se Izvaratva prApta kara lene kI samrATa ko / yahI kAraNa hai ki ve kisI ke sAmane sambhAvanA para bala diyA / RSabhadeva Izvara ke kabhI nahIM jhuke / samrATa sikandara ke pAsa jAne se avatAra nahIM the. apitu unhoMne apane hI samAdhi- zramaNa prAcArya dolAmasa ne spaSTa inakAra kara teja se, apane karmoM ko bhasma karake brahma pada prApta diyA thA, taba sikandara ko svayaM unake pAsa AnA kiyA thA 142 pArzvanAtha bhI apane yoga rUpI khaDga pdd'aa| vaha unakI AdhyAtmikatA se atyadhika kI tIkhI dhAra se moha-zatru ko naSTa karake prabhAvita huaa| unameM se eka kalyANa muni ko pArhantyalakSmI ko prApta kara sake the / 43 sabhI tIrtha- vaha apane sAtha yUnAna le gayA thaa| phira, yunAna karoM aura mokSagAmiyoM ke sAtha yahI bAta thii| jo ki bhoga-pradhAna deza thA, prAdhyAtmikatA kI mahAvIra jayantI ramArikA 78 2-51

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ora khiMcane lgaa| paM0 sundaralAla ne 'hajarata thA / unakA vyaktitva sarvamAnya, sArvajanika, akhaNDa IsA aura IsAI dharma' meM likhA hai, "usa jamAne aura abAdhita thA / yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina, kI tavArIkha se patA calatA hai ki pazcimI vaidika, vaiSNava Adi sabhI sampradAyoM ke granthoM meM eziyA, yUnAna, mizra aura ithopiyA ke pahAr3oM unakA samabhAva se smaraNa kiyA gayA hai / samrATa aura jaMgaloM meM una dinoM hajAroM jaina saMta mahAtmA bharata-jo RSabhadeva ke jyeSTha putra the, ke sAtha jA-jA kara jagaha-jagaha base hue the| ye loga vahA~ bhI yahI bAta thii| sabhI prAcAryoM-jaina aura ajaina bilakula sAdhuoM kI taraha rahate aura apane tyAga donoM ne unheM manu kI saMjJA se vibhUSita kiyA hai| aura apanI vidyA ke lie vahA~ mazahara the|45 bhagavajjinasenAcArya ne mahApurANa (3 232) meM DaoN. nIlakaMThadAsa ne apane grantha 'ur3IsA meM jaina dharma' likhA hai, "vRSabhau bharatezazca tIrthacakrabhRto manuH / " meM likhA hai, "jaina dharma saMsAra ke sAre dharma tathA maiM pahale hI kaha cukA hUM ki donoM ne yadi eka ora mAnavika AtmavikAsa ke mUla meM hai| kahA jA jagat ko sAdhA to dUsarI ora niHzreyasa ko bhI sakatA hai ki isI ke Upara mAnava-samAja ke vikAsa prApta kiyA / eka ora bhautikavAda ko vyavasthita kI pratiSThA AdhArita hai / "46 kiyA to dUsarI ora adhyAtmavAda ko bhI caramo tkarSa para phuNcaayaa| unhoMne aisA rAstA batAyA jo isa bhA~ti maharSi pataJjali donoM meM zAzvatika donoM tatvoM kI prApti kA sugama upAya thaa| yaha virodha svIkAra karate haiM, kintu yaha virodha kI zatAbdiyoM calA / donoM dhArAoM meM koI vaimanasya bAta bahuta Age cala kara prArambha huI / gItA ke aura manamuTAva nahIM huaa| samaya taka donoM meM maitrIbhAva thA aura donoM ekadUsare kI pUraka thIM / gItA meM muni kA prazaMsA- isa sandarbha meM bAbU gulAbarAyajI kA kathana mUlaka eka zloka hai dRSTavya hai, "vaidika aura zrama, saMskRti meM sAma jasya kI bhAvanA ke AdhAra para AdAna-pradAna duHkheSvanudvignamanaH sukheSu vigataspRhaH / huA aura inhoMne bhAratavarSa kI bauddhika ekatA banAye vItarAgamayakrodhaH sthitadhI munirucyate / / 17 rakhane kA mahatvapUrNa kArya kiyA / "49 yaha sAma gautA meM hI nahIM, Rgveda meM bhI manidharma kA Jasya kI bhAvanA svayaM RSabhadeva aura bharata ne acchA vivecana milatA hai / isa sambandha meM apane jIvana ke dvArA prastuta kI thI, ataH vaha bahuta DaoN0 maMgaladeba zAstrI kA eka kathana dRSTavya hai, samaya taka prANavanta banI rahI / zrI vAcaspati "Rgveda ke eka sUkta (10/136) meM muniyoM kA gairolA ne bhI apane 'prAcIna bhAratIya darzana' nAma anokho varNana milatA hai / unako vAtarazanA ke grantha meM donoM dhArAoM ke pUraka aura samanvaya digambara pizaMgA vasatemalA- mattikA ko dhAraNa kI bAta kahI hai / unakA kathana hai, "pahalI vicArakarate haye piMgala varNa aura kezI-prakIrga keza ityAdi dhArA paramparA-mUlaka, brAhmaNa yA brahmavAdI rahI kahA gayA hai| yaha zrImadbhAgavat (paMcamaskaMdha) meM hai, jisakA vikAsa vaidika sAhitya ke vRhat svarUpa diye hae jainiyoM ke Adi tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ke meM prakaTa huA / dUsarI vicAradhArA puruSArthamUlaka, varNana se atyanta samAnatA rakhatA hai| vahA~ spaSTa pragatizIla, zrAmaNya yA zramaNa-pradhAna rahI hai, jisameM zabdoM meM kahA gayA hai ki RSabhadeva ne vAtarazanA AcaraNa ko pramukhatA dI gaI / ye donoM vicArazramaNa muniyoM ke dharmoM ko pragaTa karane kI icchA dhArAeM eka-dUsare kI prapUraka rahI haiM / isa rASTra kI se avatAra liyA thA / ''48 RSabhadeva donoM dhArAgoM bauddhika ekatA ko banAye rakhane meM una donoM kA ke sandhisthala the| unakA vyaktitva samanvayakArI samAnataH mahatvapUrNa sthAna hai / "50 2-52 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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bAta raha jAtI hai prAcIna hone kii| isa "sva-doSa-mUlaM sva-samAdhi tejasA sambandha meM vidvAnoM kA abhimata hai ki zramaNa ninAya yo nirdaya-bhasmasAtkriyAm / saMskRti vaidika hI nahIM, prAgvaidika thii| bhArataratna jagAd tatvaM jagate'thine'JjasA lokamAnya tilaka ne 13 disa0, san 1904 ke babhUva ca brahmapadAmRtezvaraH / / " kesarI meM likhA thA, "granthoM tathA sAmAjika -svayambhUstotraM, 14 vyAkhyAnoM se jAnA jAtA hai ki jainadharma anAdi isakA artha hai-jinhoMne apane prAtma-doSoM ke hai / yaha viSaya nirvivAda tathA matabheda rahita hai| mUlakAraNa ko apane samAdhi-teja se nirdayatA-pUrvaka sutarAM isa viSaya meM itihAsa ke dRr3ha sabUta haiM / " pUrNatayA bhasmIbhUta karadiyA, tathA jinhoMne tattvAbhiDaoN0 vizuddhAnanda pAThaka ne apane grantha 'bhAratIya lASI jagata ko tattva kA samyak upadeza diyA aura itihAsa aura saMskRti' meM likhA hai, "vidvAnoM kA jo brahma pada rUpI amRta ke Izvara hue| abhimata hai ki yaha dharma prAgaitihAsika aura RSabhadeva kI bhA~ti hI anya teIsa tIrthakaroM ne prAgvaidika hai / sindhughATI kI sabhyatA se milI bhI isa ahiMsArUpa-brahmapada ko prApta kiyA thA / yogamUrti tathA Rgveda ke katipaya mantroM meM RSabha unhoMne ahiMsA ke gIta hI nahIM gAye, apitu use tathA ariSTanemi jaise torthaMkaroM ke nAma isa vicAra apane jIvana meM pratiphalita kara dikhAyA / isakA ke mukhya AdhAra haiN| bhAgavata aura viSNa purANa prabhAva pddaa| vaha bhAratIya itihAsa aura saMskRti ke meM milane vAlI jaina tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kI kathA zatAbdiyoM ke pRSThoM para dekhA jA sakatA hai / vedoM bhI jainadharma kI prAcInatA ko vyakta karatI hai|"51 ke RSi indra se prArthanA karate hI raha gaye ki ina zrI rAmadhArIsiMha dinakara kA 'saMskRti ke cAra nagna devoM se hamAre yajJoM kI rakSA karo, kintu rakSA adhyAya' meM kathana hai, "kaI vidvAnoM kA yaha mAnanA na ho skii| zanaiH zanaiH indra kA deva-pada aura ayukti-yukta nahIM dIkhatA ki RSabhadeva, vedollikhita pArAdhya-pada samApta ho gayA / kRSNa ne indra ke hone para bhI, vedapUrva haiN|"52 mejara janarala pharalAMga viruddha krAMti kI aura use samUla naSTa kara diyA / ne to 'Studies in Science of Comparative jaina sAhitya meM vaha jIvita to rahA, kintu nagnadeva Religions' meM yahAM taka likhA hai, "It is kA bhakta bana kr| use jinendra kI garbhAvasthA se impossible to find a biginning for nirvANa-paryanta jai-jai ke gIta gAne pdd'e| samayaJainism. Jainism thus appears an samaya para samArohoM kA Ayojana karanA par3A / earliest faith of India." mahAmahopA- aAja bhAratIya dharA para yajJa aura unameM hone vAlI dhyAya satIzacanda kA abhimata hai, "jainamata taba se pazu-bali aura nara-bali kA samUloccheda ho pracalita huA hai, jaba se saMsAra meM sRSTi kA gayA hai| prArambha huA hai| mujhe isameM kisI prakAra ujU madhyakAla meM eka vaiSNava Andolana calA, nahIM hai ki jainadharma vedoM se pUrva kA hai / "54 jo atyadhika sAmarthyavAna aura vyApaka thaa| usane jAtivAda ko cunautI dI to hiMsA ko bhI nirarthaka zramaNa-paramparA kA mUlamaMtra thA-'ahiMsA pramANita kiyaa| ahiMsA usakA mUlamantra bnaa| paramodharmaH / ' ahiMsA brahma hai, aisI unakI mAnyatA kevala hindunoM ne hI nahIM, musalamAnoM ne bhI thii| RSabhadeva ne apanI sAdhanA se vaha brahmapada samaveta svara meM ahiMsA ko mAnyatA dii| unakA prApta kiyA thaa| prAcArya samantabhadra ne eka citra sAhitya isakA. sAkSI hai / sabhI musalamAna bhakta khIMcA hai kavi ahiMsaka the / kyA rasakhAna, kyA kabIra aura mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-53

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jAyasI / inhoMne hiMsaka zAktoM ko to burA kahA deza kI saMskRti kA anivArya tattva thaa| yaha hI, una ahiMsakoM ko bhI phaTakArA, jinhoMne zramaNadhArA kI eka mahatvapUrNa dena thii| ahiMsA ke nAma para karmADambaroM kA ghaTATopa raca rakkhA thaa| isa prakAra ahiMsA kA ratha jo calA anekAMta samanvaya kA pratIka hai-zramaNa to calatA hI rahA, rukA nhiiN| bAdhAe pAyIM, prAcAryoM ke taTastha hRdaya kA dyotaka hai| usameM rukAvaTeM samupasthita huI, kintu vaha zAna ke sAtha pakSa-vipakSa nahIM / haTha-durAgraha nhiiN| virodha nahIM, calatA rahA / phira pAye gaandhiijii| unhoMne isa ratha virodhAbhAsa nahIM / sabhI dRSTiyoM se vicAra khulA ko rAjanIti kI Ter3hI-mer3hI pagaDaNDiyoM para ghumA hai / kucha ne aikAntika dRSTikoNa se socA, to diyA / vahAM bhI vaha kharA pramANita huaa| unheM vaha doSa-pUrNa lagA, upahAsAspada pratIta gAndhIjI ko saphalatA milI aura rAjanIti ko huA / yaha unakA bhrama hI thA, jo bAda meM ThIka naI paribhASA / rAjanItijJoM ne use samajhA, ho gayA / siddhAnta aisA jo virodhoM meM bhI avirodha vaijJAnikoM ne sarAhA aura gaNapatiyoM ne usakI kI, anekAMta meM ekatA kI aura vaiSamya meM sAmya prazaMsA kii| mAja ahiMsA samUce jagata kA priya kI sthApanA karatA hai| ata: yaha hI dharma kI viSaya hai| paribhASA kI kasauTI para kharA utaratA hai / dharma vaha hai jo avirodhI ho| yadi eka dharma meM dUsare DaoN. maMgaladevazAstrI ne 'jaina darzana' ke dharma kA virodhI tatva hai, to vaha paramasatya rUpa nahIM prAkkathana meM likhA hai, "bhAratIya vicAradhArA meM hai, usameM kahIM kamI hai, yaha spaSTa hI hai| mahAahiMsAvAda ke rUpa meM athavA paramata-sahiSNutA ke bhArata ke vanaparva meM likhA hai, 'dharma yo bAdhate rUpa meM athavA samanvayAtmaka bhAvanA ke rUpa meM dharmo na sa dharmaH kuvartma tat / avirodhAttu yo dharmaH jaina-darzana aura jaina-vicAradhArA kI jo dena hai, sa dharmaH satyavikrama / / '' 57 isakA artha hai-jo dharma usako samajhe binA vAstava meM bhAratIya saMskRti ke dUsare dharma ko bAdhA pahuMcAve, dUsare dharma se ragar3a vikAsa ko nahIM samajhA jA sktaa|' 55 DaoN0 paidA kare, vaha dharma nahIM, vaha to kumArga hai| dharma kAlidAsa nAga kA kathana hai, "yadi kisI ne Aja to vaha hotA hai, jo anya dharma virodhI na ho| mahAna parivartana karake diyA hai to vaha ahiMsA siddhAnta hI hai| ahiMsA siddhAnta kI khoja aura isa vizva meM aneka dharma haiN| unheM miTAkara prApti saMsAra kI samasta khojoM aura prAptiyoM se eka nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| yaha kathana ucita mahAn hai / manuSya kA svabhAva hai nIce kI pora nahIM hai ki jaba paramasatya eka hai, to dharma bhI eka jAnA, kintu jaina tIrtha karoM ne sarva prathama yaha honA cAhie / phira to, paramabrahma eka hai to jIva batAyA ki ahiMsA kA siddhAnta manuSya ko bhI eka hI honA caahie| aisA hotA nhiiN| Upara uThAtA hai| dono hI bhArata ke prasiddha atharvaveda meM ThIka hI likhA hai, 'jana vibhRtI vidvAn haiN| unhoMne halake DhaMga se nahIM likha diyA bahudhA vivAcasaM, nAnA dharmANaM pRthivarau yarthahai aura na abhyAsa-vazAt hI likhA hai| unake kasama // 58 isakA artha hai--pRthvI bahuta se janoM kathana meM sArthakatA hai| yaha saca hai ki bhAratIya ko dhAraNa karatI hai jo pRthaka dharmoM ke mAnane vAle saMskRti ke vikAsa ko samajhane ke pahale ahiMsA aura bhinna-bhinna bhASAeM bolane vAle haiM / jagata hI ko samajhanA anivArya hai| arthAt ahiMsA isa nahIM vastu taka nAnA dharmAtmaka hotI hai| padArtha 2-54 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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anekadharmAtmaka hai, eka dharma rUpa pramANita nahIM likhA ki sAre naitika samutthAna meM gaktitva kA hotaa| to, jagata aura padArthoM ke nAnAtva ko samAdara eka maulika mahatva rakhatA hai| jaina darzana miTAyA nahIM jA sktaa| ke anakAMta kA mahatva isI AdhAra para hai ki usameM vyaktitva kA sammAna nihita hai| jahAM nAnA dharma raheMge aura nAnA jana rheNge| vyaktitva kA samAdara hotA hai, vahAM svabhAvataH aAvazyakatA isa bAta kI hai ki unameM Apasa meM sAmpradAyika saMkIrNatA nahIM raha sktii| premabhAva ho / vaha sahiSNutA se utpanna hotA hai| isa sadarbha meM mahAtmA gAndhI kA kathana iSTavya hai, anyatra unakA vicAra hai ki anekAnta aura "isa samaya aAvazyakatA isa bAta kI nahIM hai ki ahiMsA meM koI antara nahIM hai| unhoMne likhA, sabakA dharma eka banA diyA jAye, balki isa bAta "vicAra-jagat kA anekAMta darzana hI naitika jagat kI hai ki bhinna-bhinna dharma ke anuyAyI aura pramI meM prAkara ahiMsA ke vyApaka siddhAnta kA rUpa paraspara AdarabhAva aura sahiSNutA rkkheN| hama dhAraNa kara letA hai / isIliye jahA~ anya darzanoM saba dharmoM ko mRtavat eka sataha para lAnA nahIM meM paramata-khaNDana para bar3A bala diyA gayA hai, vahA~ cAhate balki cAhate haiM ki vividhatA meM ekatA jaina darzana kA mukhya dhyeya anekAMta siddhAnta ke ho| hameM saba dharmoM ke prati samabhAva rakhanA prAdhAra para vastusthiti-mUlaka vibhinna matoM kA caahie| isase apane dharma ke prati udAsInatA nahIM samanvaya rahA hai|"61 utpanna hotI, parantu svadharma-viSayaka prema andhaprema na rahakara jJAnamaya ho jAtA hai| saba dharmo ke aparigrahavAda zramaNa saMskRti kA aisA siddhAnta prati samabhAva pAne para hI hamAre divya cakSu khula hai, jo Aja ke yuga ke liye bhI anivArya hai| sakate haiN| dharmAndhatA aura divya-darzana meM uttara- jahA~ kAlaMmAsa kA sAmyavAda mAnava kI viSamadakSiNa jitanA antara hai / ''59 kintu yaha samabhAva tAnoM kA bhautikavAdI samAdhAna hai; vahAM aura sahiSNutA kaise utpanna ho ? usakA ekamAtra aparigrahavAda prAdhyAtmikatA ke AdhAra para viSauttara hai - anekAMta / Aja usakI bahuta adhika matAnoM ko sahaja svAbhAvika DhaMga se nakAra detA aAvazyakatA hai| use samaya ke anurUpa racanAtmaka hai| eka bAhya hai, dUsarA prAntarika / eka halakA rUpa diyA jA sakatA hai, kintu zAstrIya pariveza se hai, dUsarA Thosa / eka meM pUjIpatiyoM ko koI sthAna nikAla kara hii| nahIM, dUsare meM hai / dUsarA mAnava ke pratyeka varga aura usake svatantra vicAroM kA samAdara karatA anekAMta ke sambandha meM DaoN0 maMgaladevazAstrI hai / usameM sabako sthAna hai| vaha sAmyavAda aura kA kathana hai, "pratyeka tatva meM anekarUpatA sva. sAmyavAdiyoM kI bhA~ti dUsaroM ke vicAroM para bhAvataH honI cAhie aura koI bhI dRSTi una / ladatA nhiiN| sabakA eka sAtha tAtvika pratipAdana nahIM kara . sktii| isI siddhAnta ko jaina darzana kI paribhASA aparigrahavAda, a+parigraha se banA hai| parimeM anekAMta kahA gayA hai| jaina darzana kA to yaha graha na karanA isakA artha hai / parigraha kA artha hai AdhAra stambha hai hI, parantu vAstava meM pratyeka dhana, jamIna aura vibhinna bhautikavAdI vastuoM kA dArzanika vicAradhArA ke lie bhI isako Avazyaka saMgraha / tIrthakara pArzvanAtha ne strI ko bhI parigraha mAnanA caahie|"60 eka dUsare sthAna para unhoMne mAnA thA / isI kAraNa aparigrahavAda meM strI-tyAga mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-55

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pAvazyaka thaa| arthAt aparigraha meM brahmacarya nahIM khlaayegaa| bharata ke sahasrazaH sundara rAniyAM antarmukta thaa| kintu use samajhadAra hI samajha aura sAgara-paryanta pRthvI kA rAjya thA, kintu pAte the| mahAvIra ke yuga taka Ate- prAte yaha unake prati nitAMta anAsakta hone ke kAraNa ve samajhadArI nitAMta samApta ho calI thI ataH ghara meM hI vairAgI kahalAte the| jaina itihAsa meM samaya dekha kara hI mahAvIra ne brahmacarya kA spaSTa aise sahasrazaH dRSTAnta haiM, jabaki koI rAjA-mahArAjA aura pRthaka upadeza diyaa| arthAt pArzvanAtha ke apane bhare vaibhava, bhare parivAra aura bhare sainyabala aparigraha kA hI eka aza Age calakara brahmacarya ko tRNavat tyAga kara jaMgala kI rAha letA thA / ke nAma se prasiddha hnaa| yahA~ usake jIvana-bhara ke saMkalana-saMgraha ke prati anAsakta bhAva hI thA / dhana-sampatti ho aura kintu, prazna to yaha hai ki jisa AdamI ke usake prati gaharI Asakti tathA cipakana ho to, pAsa jitanI adhika striyA~, dhana-daulata aura vaha saMgharSoM ko janma degI aura vaiSamya tathA rAjya-sAmrAjya hotA thA, vaha utanA hI adhika vargabheda utpanna karegI hii| koI roka nahIM puNyavAna mAnA jAtA thA, sammAnAspada hotA thA- sakatA / yadi aisA na ho, arthAt Asakti na ho jaise 'cakravartI' / dUsarI ora jaina dharma kA kathana hai to viSamatAe janma hI na le paayeNgiiN| phira varga: ki aparigraha ke binA mokSa prApta nahIM ho sktaa| bheda kA prazna hI nahIM uThatA / bheda to rahatA pAyA phira isa virodhAbhAsa kA samAdhAna kyA hai? hai, Age bhI rahegA, miTAyA nahIM jA sakatA, vAstavikatA yaha hai ki saMgraha aura saMgraha kI bhAvanA kintu sukha-dukha barAbara bAMTe jA sakate haiM aura do bhinna bAteM haiM / yadi parigraha karate hue bhI koI unhIM kA bAMTA jAnA mukhya hai| aparigrahavAda kA usake prati anAsakta rahatA hai to vaha parigrahI mUla rahasya yahI hai| 1. dekhie trilokasAra 792-793, 2. mahApurANa, bhagavajjinasenAcArya, 3/164. 3. zAzvatakoSa, 508. 4. meMdinIkoza, bha varga 5. 5. dekhie zrImadbhAgavat 5/7/3. 6. skandapurANa, 1/2/37/55. 7. 'prAcIna bhArata kA bhaugolika svarUpa', DA0 avadhabihArIlAla avasthI, kailAza prakAzana, lakhanaU, san 1964, pRSTa 123, pariziSTa 2. 8. mArkaNDeyapurANaH sA~skRtika adhyayana, DA~0 vAsudevazaraNa agravAla, pAda-Tipparaga saMkhyA 1, pRSTha 138. 9. amarakoSa 3/5/20. 10. sUrasAgara, paMcama skaMdha, pRSTha 150-51. 2-56 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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11. zrImadbhAgavat, 5/3/20. 12. vahI, 5/4/14. 13. zrImadbhAgavat, 5115/19. 14. vaha', 1/17/22. 15. purudevacampU, 5131. 16. suprabhAtastotra 17. mahAbhArata, zAntiparva, 12/64/20. 18. mahApurANa, 42/6. 19. brahmANDapurANa, 2/14. 20. AdipurANa, 16/243. 21. svayambhU stotra, 1/3. 22. svayambhU stotra, 23/3. 23. mahApurAe, 161254. 24. AvazyakacUri, pRSTha 152. 25. Avazyaka niyukti, gA0 186. 26. svayambhU sto, 1/2. 27. brAhmI ca sundarI cobhe kumAyauM dhairyasaGa gate / pravrajya bahunArIbhirAryANAM prabhutAM gate / / harivaMzapurANa, 9/217. 28. mahApurANa, 16/104-109. 29. mahApurANa, 16/118. 30. mahApurANa, 16/119-25. 31. mahApurANa, 16/242-46. 32. "iti nAnAyogacaryAMcaraNo bhagavAn kaivalyapatiH RSabhaH" -zrImadbhAgavat, 516164. 33. "vAtarazanAnAM zramaNAnAmRSINAmUrdhvamaMthinAM / " -zrImadbhAgavat, 513/20. 34. tatvArthasUtra, 10/5. 35. bRhadAraNyakopaniSad 4/3/32. 36. zAMkarabhASya (bRhadA0 4/3/32). mahAvIra jayantI ramArikA 78 2-57

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37. brahmopaniSad, caturtha saMskaraNa, pRSTha 151, nirNayasAgara presa, bambaI 38. Rgveda, 10/8/94/11 39. harivaMzapurANa, prAcArya jinasena, 9/217. 40. harivaMzapurANa, AcArya jinasena, 12142. 41. zAkaTAyanavyAkaraNa, ciMtAmariNaTIkA 1. 42. svayambhU stotra, prAcArya samantabhadra, 1/4 43. svayambhU stotra, prAcArya samantabhadra, 23/3. 44. 'bhAratIya saMskRti kA vikAsa; aupaniSaddhArA', DaoN0 maMgaladeva zAstrI, pRSTha 180. 45. 'hajarata IsA aura IsAI dharma', paM0 sundaralAla, pRSTha 22. 46. 'ur3IsA meM jainadharma', grantha praveza, DA. nIlakaMThadAsa, pRSTha 6. 47. bhagavadgItA 2/56. 48. 'bhAratIya saMskRti kA vikAsaH aupaniSad dhArA', pRSTha 180. 49. 'bhAratIya saMskRti kI paramparA', bAbU gulAbarAya jau, pRSTha 66. 50. 'bhAratIya darzana', bAcaspati gairolA, pRSTha 86. 51. 'bhAratIya itihAsa aura saMskRti', vizuddhAnanda pAThaka, pRSTha 199-200. 52. 'saMskRti ke cAra adhyAya', rAmadhArI siMha dinakara, prathama saMskaraNa, pRSTha 39. 53. Studies in Science of Comparative Religic ns', Page 13-15... 54. 'jainadharma kI prAcInatA para mahatvapUrNa sammatiyA~', pRSTha 1. 55. 'jainadarzana', paM0 mahendra kumAra jaina, barNI jainagraMthamAlA, kAzI, prAkka yana, DaoN. maMgaladeva zAstrI likhita, pRSTha 16. 56. 'jaina itihAsa para lokamata', munizrI vidyAnanda jI sampAdita, pRSTha 31 57. mahAbhArata, vanaparva, 131/11. 58. dekhie atharvaveda, 12/1/45. 59. gAMdhIvANI, pRSTha 100-101. 60. jainadarzana, dvi0sa0 1966, prAkkathana, pRSTha 14, 61. vahI, pRSTha 15. 2-58 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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mRtyu ke pazcAt kyA ghaTita hotA hai yaha eka rahasya hai / brahmavAdI sabako brahma svarUpa aura brahma meM lIna honA hI prApya samajhate haiM to kucha ise bahA aura mAyA ke khela mAnate haiM / koI prAtmasvarUpa kI prApti ko hI apanA lakSya nirdhArita karate haiN| koI isa sRSTi kA niyantA Izvara ko bhAnate haiM to koI usakA khaNDana karate haiM / phalasvarUpa sabake rahasya alagaalaga haiM kintu isa anekatA meM bhI eka adbhuta ekatA hai / sabhI isa janmamaraNa ke cakkara se chUTa muktilAma karanA cAhate haiN| sabhI mAnava janma ko durlabha mAnate hue apane iSTa kI prApti ke prayatna meM ise lagA dene kI salAha dete haiM / rahasyavAdI kavi prAyaH pratyeka sampradAya meM hue haiN| jaina kavi bhI kisI hAlata meM unase pIche nahIM haiM / kintu hindI saMsAra ke sAmane Aja bhI unakA mUlyAMkana honA bAkI hai / vAstava meM jainoM kI avasthA usa vyakti kI sI hai jisake palle meM lAla hai magara vaha usakA mUlya aura mahatva nahIM jaantaa| -polyAkA - saguNa bhaktoM kI rahasyabhAvanA * DA0 puSpalatA jaina e. e. (hindI va bhASA vijJAna), Ph. D. nyU eksaTensana eriyA sadara, nAgapura saguNa sAdhakoM meM mIrA, sUra aura tulasI kA na koI" athavA "giradhara se navala ThAkUra mIrAM sI nAma vizeSa ullekhanIya hai / mIrA kA prema nArI dAsI" jaise uddharaNoM se yaha spaSTa hai ki unhoMne sulabha samarpaNa kI komala bhAvanA gabhita 'mAdhurya giradhara kRSNa ko hI apanA parama sAdhya aura bhAva' kA hai jisameM apane iSTadeva kI priyatama priyatama svIkAra kiyA hai / sUra, nandadAsa Adi ke ke rUpa meM upAsanA kI jAtI hai| unakA koI samAna unheM kisI rAdhA kI AvazyakatA nahIM sampradAya vizeSa nahIM, ve to mAtra bhakti kI sAkAra huI / ve svayaM rAdhA banakara prAtmasamarpaNa karatI huI bhAvanA kI pratIka haiM, jisameM cirantana priyatama ke dikhAI detI haiN| isalie mIrA kI premAbhakti pAne ke lie madhura prAya kA mArmika spandana parAbhakti hai jahAM sArI icchAyeM mAtra priyatama hA hai| "mhAro to giradhara gopAla aura dUsarA giradhara meM kendrita haiM / sakhyabhAva ko chor3akara navadhA bahAbIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-59

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bhakti ke sabhI maMga bhI unake kAvya meM milate haiN| mIrA virahariNa sItala hoI, ekAdaza prAsaktiyoM meM se kAntAsakti, rUpAsakti dukha dunda dUra nasAyA jI / / maura tanmayAsakti vizeSa dRSTavya hai / prayatta bhAvanA mIrA kI tanmayatA aura ekAkAratA ke darzana unameM kUTa-kUTakara bharI huI hai / unakI AtmA 'lagI mohi rAma khamArI ho' meM milate haiM jahAM vaha dIpaka kI usa lau ke samAna hai jo ananta prakAza sadA lIna prAnanda' meM raha kara brahmarasa kA pAna meM milane ke lie jala rahI hai / karatI haiN| unakA jJAna aura ajJAna, prAnanda aura sUphI kaviyoM ne paramAtmA kI upAsanA priya viSAda eka meM hI lIna ho jAtA hai / isI ke lie tamA ke rUpa meM kI hai| unake pradatavAda meM nijI to unhoMne pacaraMgI colA pahinakara jhiramiTa meM sattA ko paramasattA meM milA denI kI bhAvanA AMkha micaunI khelI hai aura manamohana se sone meM gabhita hai / kabIra ne paramAtmA kI upAsanA priya- suhAgA-sI prIti lagAyI hai / bar3e bhAga se mIrA ke tama ke rUpa meM kI para usameM utanI bhAva-vyaJjanA prabhu giridhara nAgara mIrA para rIjhe haiM / nahIM dikhAI detI jo mIrA ke svara meM nihita hai| isI mAdharya bhAva meM mIrA kI cunariyA premamIrA ke raMga-raMga meM piyA kA prema bharA huaA hai rasa kI bUMdoM se bhIgatI rahI aura AratI sajAkara jabaki kabIra samAja sudhAra kI ora adhika agra- sahAgina priya ko khojane nikala pdd'ii| use varSAta sara hue haiN| aura bijalI bhI nahIM roka skii| priya ko khojane ___ mIrA kI bhAvukatA cIraharaNa aura rAsa kI meM usakI nIMda bhI harAma ho gaI, aga-aMga vyAlIlAoM meM dekhI jA sakatI hai jahAM ve "aAja kula ho gaye para priya kI vANI kI smRti se anArI le gayI sArI, baiThI kadama kI DArI, mhAre "antara vedana viraha kI vaha pIr3a na jAnI" gaI / gela par3ayo giradhArI" kahatI haiM / priyatama ke milana jaise cAtaka ghana ke binA aura machalI pAnI ke ho jAne para mIrA ke tana kI tApa miTa jAtI hai binA vyAkula rahatI hai vaise hI mIrA "vyAkula aura sArA zarIra harSa se romAJcita ho uThatA hai- virahaNI sudha budha visarAnI" bana gaI / usakI piyA sUnI seja bhayAvana lagane lagI, viraha se mhA~rI aolagiyA ghara AyA jI, jalane lagI / yaha niguNa kI seja eka UMcI tanakI tApa miTI sukha pAyA, aTArI para hai, usameM lAla kivAr3a lage haiM, paMcaraMgI hilamila maMgala gAyA jI / jhAlara lagI hai, mAMga meM sindUra bharakara sumiraNa ghana kI dhuni suni mora magana bhayA, kA thAla hAtha meM lekara priyA priyatama ke milana yU prANanda AyA jI / kI bATa joha rahI hai-- magana bhaI milI prabhu apaNA~sU, bhau kA darada miTAyA jI // UcI aTariyA lAla kvir3iyA, caMda ko dekhi kamodariNa phUla, nirguna seja bichii| harakhi bhayA merI kAyA jI / paMcaraMgI jhAlara subha sohe, raga raga sItala bhaI merI sajanI, phUlana phUla klii| hari mere mahala sidhAyA jI / / bAjUbaMda kaDUlA sohai. saba bhagatana kA kAraja kInhA, mAMga meM sindUra bharI / soI prabhu maiM pAyA jI / sumiraNa thAla hAtha meM lInhA, 2-60 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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sobhA adhika bhalI / bhinna nahIM hai| DaoN. munzIrAma zarmA ne veda, seja sukhamaNAM mIrA sovai, purANa, tantra aura prAdhunika vijJAna ke AdhAra subha hai prAja ghdd'ii| para yahI niSkarSa nikAlA hai ki 'hari lIlA Atma zakti kI vibhinna krIr3AnoM kA citraNa hai / 4 rAdhA, jinakA priyatama paradeza meM rahatA hai unheM kRSNa, gopI Adi saba antaH zaktiyoM ke pratIka patrAdi ke mAdhyama kI AvazyakatA hotI hai para haiN| DaoN0 hajArIprasAda dvivedI ke adhyayana kA mIrA kA priya to usake antaHkaraNa meM hI vasatA hai, use patrAdi likhane kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM / niSkarSa hai ki "rahasyavAdI kavitA kA kendrabindu hai| vaha vastu haiM jise bhakti sAhitya meM 'lIlA' kahate rahatI / sUrya, candra Adi saba kucha vinAzIka hai / yadyapi rahasyavAdI bhaktoM kI bhAMti pada-pada para yadi kucha avinAzI hai to vaha hai priya paramAtmA, bhagavAna kA nAma lekara bhAva-vihvala nahIM ho jAtA surati aura nirati ke dIpaka meM mana kI vAtI parantu vaha mUlataH hai bhakta hii| ......"ye bhagavAna aura prema-haTI ke tela se utpanna hone vAlI jyoti agama agocara to haiM hI, vANI aura mana ke bhI akSaNNa rahegI-- atIta haiM, phira bhI rahasyavAdI kavi unako pratijinakA piyA paradeza vasata hai, dina pratikSaraNa dekhatA rahatA hai ""saMsAra meM jo likha likha bhejeM pAtI / kucha ghaTa rahA hai aura ghaTanA sambhava hai, vaha saba merA piyA mere hIya vasata hai, usa premamaya kI lIlA hai " bhagavAna ke sAtha yaha nA kahUM AtI jAtI // nirantara calane vAlI prema keli hI rahasyavAdI candA jAyagA sUraja jAyagA, kavitA kA kendrabindu' hai / ataH mIrA kI premajAyagA dharaNi akaasii| bhAvanA meM 'lIlA' ke isa niguNatva-nirAkAratva pavana pAnI donoM hUM jAyage, taka aura kadAcit usase pare bhI prasArita sarasa aTala rahai avinAzI / / rUpa kA sphUraNa honA asvAbhAvika nahIM hai| surata nirata kA divalA saMjole, AdhyAtmika sattA meM vizvAsa karane vAle kI dRSTi manasA kI kara le baatii| se yaha yathArtha hai, satya hai / pazcima ke vidvAnoM ke prema haTI kA tela maMgAle, anukaraNa para ise 'misTisijma' yA rahasyavAda jaga rahyA dina se rAtI / / kahanA anucita hai / yaha kevala rahas (prAnandamayI sataguru miliyA saMsA bhAgyA, lIlA) hai aura mIrAM kI bhakti-bhAvanA meM isI saina batAI saaNcii| 'rahas' kA svara hai / nA ghara terA nA ghara merA, gAvai mIrA dAsI // sUra aura tulasI donoM saguNopAsaka haiM para antara yaha hai ki sUra kI bhakti sakhya bhAva kI DaoN0 prabhAta ne mIrA kI rahasya bhAvanA ke hai aura tulasI kI bhakti dAsya bhAva kii| sandarbha meM DaoN. zarmA aura DaoN. dvivedI ke kathanoM kA isI taraha mIrA kI bhakti bhI sUra aura tulasI, ullekha karate hue apanA niSkarSa diyA hai| niguNa donoM se pRthak hai| mIrA ne kAntAbhAva ko apabhakta binA bAtI, binA tela ke dIpa ke prakAza meM nAyA hai| ina sabhI kaviyoM kI apekSA rahasyapArabrahma ke jima khela kI carcA karatA hai, vaha bhAvanA kI jo vyApakatA aura anubhUtiparakatA mUlata: saguNa bhaktoM kI hari lIlA' se vizeSa jAyasI meM hai vaha anyatra nahIM miltii| kabIra ko mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-61

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nirguNa athavA saguNa ke ghere meM nahIM rakhA jA sktaa| unhoMne yadyapi niguNopAsanA adhika kI hai para saguNopAsanA kI ora bhI unakI dRSTi gaI haiM / unakA uddezya paripUrNa jyoti rUpa satpuruSa ko prApta karanA rahA hai| sUra kI madhura bhakti ke sambandha meM DaoN0 haravaMzalAla zarmA ke vicAra dRSTavya haiM---"hama bhakta sUradAsa kI antarAtmA kA antarbhAva rAdhA meM dekhate haiM / unhoMne strIbhAva ko to pradhAnatA dI hai parantu parakIyA kI apekSA svakIyA bhAva ko adhika prazraya diyA hai aura usI bhAva se kRSNa ke sAtha ghaniSTatA kA sambandha sthApita kiyA hai / kRSNa ke prati gopiyoM kA grAkarSaNa aindriya hai, isIlie unakI prIti ko kAma rUpA mAnA hai / sUra kI bhakti kA uddezya bhakta ko saMsAra ke aindriya pralobhanoM se bacAnA hai, yahI kAraNa hai ki unakI bhakti bhAvanA strI- bhAva se otaprota hai jisakA pratinidhitva gopiyAM karatI haiN| ve kRSNa meM itanI tallIna haiM ki unakI kAmarUpA prIti bhI niSkAma hai / isalie saMyoga-viyoga donoM hI avasthAtroM meM gopiyoM kA prema eka rUpa hai / prAtmasamarpaNa aura ananyabhAva madhura bhakti ke lie Avazyaka hai jo sUrasAgara kI dAna lolA, cIraharaNa aura rAsa lIlA meM pUrNatA ko prApta hue haiN| saguNopAsanA meM rahasyAtmaka tatvoM kI abhivyakti iSTa ke sAkAra hone ke kAraNa utanI spaSTa nahIM ho pAtI / kahIM-kahIM rahasyAtmaka anubhUti ke darzana avazya mila jAte haiN| sUra ne pra ema kI vyaMjanA ke lie pratIka rUpa meM prakRti kA varNana rahasyAtmaka DhaMga se kiyA hai / jo ullekhanIya hai- cala sakhi tihi sarovara jAhi / jihiM sarovara kamala kamalA ravi binA vikasAhi / haMsa ujjvala paMkha nirmala, aeNga mali mali nhAhiM / 2-62 mukti-muktA anagine phala, tahAM cuni truni khAMhi / 9 sUra kI anyoktiyoM meM kahIM kahIM rahasyAtmaka anubhUti ke darzana hote haiM cakaI rI cala carana sarovara, jahAM na milana vichoha / eka anya sthAna para bhI sUra ne sUrasAgara kI bhUmikA meM apane iSTadeva ke sAkAra hote hue bhI usakA nirAkAra brahma jaisA varNana kiyA hai vigata gati kachu kahata na Avai / jyoM gU ge mIThe phala ko, rasa antaragata hI bhAvai // parama svAda sabahIM su nirantara, amita toSa upajAvai / mana vAnI ko agama agocara, so jAne jo pAvai // rUpa rekha guna jAti jugati bina nirAlaMba mana dhAvaM / saba vidhi agama vicArahi tAte sUra saguna pada pAveM // 30 sUra ke gopAla pUrNa brahma haiN| mUla rUpa meM ve nirguNa haiM para sUra ne unheM saguNa ke rUpa meM hI prastuta kiyA hai / yadyapi saguNa aura nirguNa, donoM kA AbhAsa mila jAtA hai / tulasI bhI saguNopAsaka haiM para sUra ke samAna unhoMne bhI nirguNa rUpa ko mahatva diyA hai / unako bhI kezava kA rUpa akathanIya lagatA hai- kezava ! kahi na jAi kA kahiye / dekhata tava racanA vicitra hari ! samujhi manahiM mana rahiye || sUnya bhIti para citra, raMga nahi, tamu binu likhA citere / dhoye miTai na marai bhIti, mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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dukha pAina ehi tanu here / ki sUra aura tulasI kA sAdhya pratyakSa aura sAkAra ravikara-nIra basa ati dAruna, rahA / mIrA kA bhI, parantu saguNa bhaktoM meM kAntA makara rUpa tehi maahiiN| bhAva mIrA meM hI dekhA jAtA hai isalie prema kI badana-hIna so grasa carAcara, dIvAnI mIrA meM jo mAdakatA hai vaha na to sUra pAna karana je jaahiiN| meM hai aura na tulasI meM aura na jaina kaviyoM meM / koU kaha satya, bhUTha kaha kou, yaha avazya hai ki jaina kaviyoM ne apane paramAtmA jugala prabala kou mAna / kI niguNa aura saguNa, donoM rUpoM kI virahatulasIdAsa parihara tIna bhrama, vedanA ko sahA hai| eka yaha bAta bhI hai ki so Apana pahicAna / 11 madhyakAlIna jainetara kaviyoM ke samAna hindI jaina kaviyoM ke bIca-nirguNa athavA saguNa bhakti tulasI jaise saguNopAsaka bhakta bhI apane zAkhA kI sImA-rekhA nahIM khivii| ve donoM ArAdhya ko kisI niNopAsaka rahasyavAdI sAdhaka avasthAoM ke pujArI rahe haiM kyoMki ye donoM se kama rahasyamaya nahIM batalAte / rAmacarita mAnasa meM unhoMne likhA hai ---- avasthAyeM eka hI AtmA kI mAnI gaI haiN| unheM hI jaina pAribhASika zabdoM meM siddha aura arhanta "prAdi anta kou jAsu na pAvA / kahA gayA hai| mati anumAni nimama jasa gAvA / / binu pada calai sunai binu kaanaa| ___ maurA kI tanmayatA aura ekAkAratA kara binu karama karai vidhi nAnA // " banArasIdAsa aura Anandavana meM acchI taraha se dekhI jAtI hai / rahasya sAdhanA ke bAdhaka tatvoM meM isa prakAra saguNopAsaka kaviyoM meM mIrAM ko mAyA, moha prAdi ko bhI donoM paramparAoM ne chor3akara prAyaH anya kaviyoM meM rahasyAtmaka tatvoM samAna rUpa se svIkAra kiyA hai| sAdhaka tatvoM meM kI utanI gaharI anubhUti nahIM dikhAI detii| se ina bhaktoM meM bhakti tatva kI pradhAnatA adhika isakA kAraNa spaSTa hai ki dAmpatyabhAva meM prema rahI hai| bhakti ke dvArA hI unhoMne apane ArAdhya kI jo prakarSatA dekhI jA sakatI hai vaha dAsya bhAva ko prApta karane kA prayatna kiyA hai / yahI unakI athavA sakhya bhAva meM saMbhava kahA~ ? isake bAvajUda mukti kA sAdhana rahA hai| unameM kisI na kisI taraha sAdhya kI prApti meM unakI bhakti sakSama huI hai aura unhoMne parama brahma sAdhanA kA patha sugama banAne aura sujhAne ke kI anirvacanIyatA kA anubhava kiyA hai| sandarbha meM jaina evaM jainetara sabhI santoM aura bhaktoM ne guru kI mahimA kA gAna kiyA hai| mIrA ke saguNa rahasya bhAvanA aura jaina rahasya bhAvanA--- hRdaya meM kRSNa prema kI cinagArI bacapana se hI jaisA hama pIche dekha cuke haiM saguNa bhaktoM ne vidyamAna thii| usako prajjvalita karane kA zreya bhI brahma ko priyatama mAnakara usakI sAdhanA kI unake guru raidAma ko hai jo eka bhAvuka bhakta hai / jaina bhaktoM ne bhI sakala paramAtmA kA varNana evaM premI santa the / mIrAM ke guru raidAsa hone meM kiyA hai jo saguNa brahma kA samAnArthaka kahA jA kucha samAlocaka sandeha vyakta karate haiN| jo bhI ho, sakatA hai| mIrA meM sUra aura tulasI kI apekSA mIrA ke kucha padoM meM jogI kA ullekha milatA hai rahasyAnubhUti adhika milatI hai| isakA kAraNa hai jisane mIrA ke hRdaya meM prema kI cinagArI mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-63

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26 boI / 12 - jaina sAdhakoM ne bhI mIrAM ke samAna guru(sadguru kI mahattA ko sAdhanA kA mArga prazasta banAne ke sandarbha meM abhivyaMjita kiyA hai / antara mAtra prema kI cinagArI prajjvalita karane kA hai| mIrA kA prema mAdhurya bhAva kA hai jisameM kRSNa kI upAsanA priyatama ke rUpa meM kI hai / isase adhika sundara sambandha kI kalpanA ho bhI nahIM sakatI / viraha aura milana kI jo anubhUti aura abhivyakti isa mAdhurya bhAva meM khilI hai vaha sakhya aura dAsya bhAva meM kahA~ / isalie mIrAM ke samAna hI jaina kaviyoM ne dAmpatyamUla bhAva ko hI apanAyA hai / mIrA priyatama ke prema rasa meM bhIgI cunariyA ko pror3akara sAja zRMgAra karake priyatama DhUMDhane jAtI haiM usake viraha meM tar3apatI hai / isa sandarbha bArahamAse kA citraNa bhI kiyA gayA hai / sArI sRSTi milana kI utkaNThA meM sAja sajA rahI hai parantu mIrAM ko priyatama kA viyoga khala rahA hai / prAkhira priyatama se milana hotA hai / vaha to usake hRdaya meM hI basA huA hai vaha kyoM yahAM vahAM bhaTake | yaha dRr3ha vizvAsa use ho jAtA hai / usa agama deza kA bhI mIrA ne mohaka varNana kiyA hai / jaina sAdhakoM kI AtmA bhI mIrAM ke samAna apane priyatama ke viraha meM tar3apatI hai / 14 bhUdharadAsa kI rAjula rUpa AtmA apane priyatama nemizvara ke ke viraha meM mIrAM ke samAna hI tar3apatI hai / 15 isI sandarbha meM mIrA ke samAna bArahamAsoM kI bhI 2-64 2- vahI, pR0 222 3. mIrA padAvalI, pR0 20 sarjanA huI hai / 10 priyatama se milana hotA hai aura usa Anandopalabdhi kI vyaMjanA mIrAM se kahIM adhika sarala bana par3I hai / 17 sUra aura tulasI yadyapi mUlataH rahasyavAdI kavi nahIM haiM phira bhI unake kucha padoM meM rahasyabhAvanAtmaka anubhUti jhalakatI hai jinakA ullekha hama pahale kara cuke haiM / 1. bhIjeM cunariyA premarasa bUndana / Arata sAjakai calI hai suhAgina piya piya apane ko DhUr3hana // mIrA kI prema sAdhanA, pR0 218 isa prakAra saguNa bhaktoM kI rahasya bhAvanA jaina dharma kI rahasya bhAvanA se bahuta kucha milatIjulatI hai / jo antara bhI hai, vaha dArzanika pakSa kI pRSThabhUmi para AdhArita hai / sAdhAraNataH mukti ke sAdhaka aura bAdhaka tatvoM ko samAna rUpa se sabhI ne svIkAra kiyA hai| saMsAra kI asAratA aura mAnava janma ko durlabhatA se bhI kisI ko inkAra nahIM / prapatti bhAvanA garbhita dAmpatyamUlaka prema ko bhI sabhI kaviyoM ne hInAdhika rUpa se apanAyA hai / parantu jaina kaviyoM kA dRSTikoNa siddhAntoM ke nirUpaNa ke sAtha hI bhaktibhAva ko pradarzita karatA rahA hai| isalie jainetara kaviyoM kI tulanA meM unameM bhAvukatA ke darzana utane adhika nahIM ho pAte / phira bhI rahasya bhAvanA ke sabhI tatva unake kAvya meM dikhAI dete haiM / tathya to yaha hai ki darzana aura adhyAtma kI rahasya - bhAvanA kA jitanA sundara samanvaya madhyakAlIna hindI jaina kaviyoM ke kAvya meM milatA hai utanA anyatra nahIM / sAhitya-kSetra ke lie unakI yaha eka anupama dena mAnI jAnI cAhiye / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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4. bhAratIya sAdhanA aura sUradAsa, pR0 208 5. sAhitya kA sAthI, pR0 64 6. mIrAbAI, pR0 405 7. veda kahe saraguna ke Age niraguraNa kA bisarAma / saraguna-niraguna tajahu sohAgina, dekha sabahiM nijadhAma sukha dukha vahA kachU nahIM vyApa, darasana pAThoM jAma / nUrai grohana nUrai DAsana, nUrai kA sirahAna / kahai kabIra suno bhaI sAdho sataguru nUra tamAma // kabIra- DaoN hajArIprasAda dvivedI, pR0 275 8. sUra aura unakA sAhitya, pR0 245 9. sUrasAgara, 339 10. vahI, skanda 1, pada 2 11. vinayapatrikA, 111vAM pada 12. jogiyA kahAM gayA nehar3I lagAya / chor3a gayA bisavAsa saMghAtI prema kI bAtI barAya / mIrA ke pra' kaba re miloge tuma bina rahyo na jAI // mIrA kI prema sAdhanA, pR. 168 13. dina dina mahotsava ati ghRNA, zrI saMdha bhagati suhAi / ___ mana suddhi zrI gurusevI yaha, jiNi sevyai ziva sukha pAi / / jaina aitihAsika kAvya saMgraha -kuzala lAma-53vAM pada / 14. adhyAtma gIta, banArasI vilAsa, pR0 159-60 15. bhUdharayilAsa, 45vAM pada pR0 25 16. kavi vinodIlAla-bArahamAsA saMgraha, kalakattA, 42vAM padya, pR0 24; lakSmIballabha nemi-rAjula bArahamAsA, pahalA padya 17. aAnandadhana pada saMgraha, adhyAtma jJAna prasAraka maNDala bambaI, cauthA pada, pU0 7 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-65

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prAtma zAnti ko chU na sakeMgI nabha chUtI ulkAe~ kavivara zrI kalyANakumAra jaina 'zazi' rAmapura / ratna jar3ita, candana maNDita, siMhAsana bhaTakAte haiM jo inake svAmI haiM, pAtmika-zAnti vahI pAte haiM cira prasRpta tRSNA ke patha para caraNa phisala jAte haiM yahI janma janmAtara, bhava bhava meM cakkara khAte haiM ina mAyA-marIcikAoM meM gabhita durghaTanAeM sanmati ke sandezoM meM, bahatI sukha ko saritAe~ (2) nirdhana dhana kI camaka dekhakara, dhana para lalacAtA hai kintu na dhana kA kuTila, bhItarI rUpa samajha pAtA hai dhana kA cakra-vyUha, IrSyA, tRSNA ko janmAtA hai zAnti, prema, vizvAsa, dhanI se dUra calA jAtA hai mana para jame koharoM ko, parate tatkAla haTAe~ sanmati ke sandezoM meM bahatI sukha kI saritAe~ (3) darpa, zreSThatA ghamaNDa, saMtulana nahIM dete haiM cacita-mAnavIyatA ko, yaha barabasa hara lete haiM jo ekAdhikAra para rIjhe kabhI nahIM cete haiM vahI saphala haiM jo asaphala kI naiyA ko khete haiM mAnavatA ko apanAeM bher3iyAvAda ThukarAyeM sanmati ke sandezoM meM bahatI sukha kI saritAe~ shootcho tyAga-tapasyA maya jIvana ke patha meM zUla nahIM hai rAjanIti kA tANDava, AtmA ke anukUla nahIM hai kAma vAsanAnoM meM milatA, ziva kA kUla nahIM hai phala, vaha vRkSa nahIM detA, jisakA jar3amUla nahIM hai aAtma zAnti chU ko na sakeMgo nabha chUtI ulkAe~ sanmati ke sandezoM meM bahatI sukha kI saritAeM 2-66 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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- - -- * * ** ** OM** lekhaka itihAsa kA vidvAn nahIM haiN| apane sImita jJAna aura sAdhanoM ke bala para usane ise bahuta kama samaya meM taiyAra kiyA hai / lekhaka khaNDelavAla hai aura apanI jAti ke itihAsa se paricita hone kI usakI svAbhAvika icchA hai| lekhaka kI dRSTi meM khaNDelavAloM se sambandhita aisI sAmagrI hai jisakA prayoga karake 20X30/8 ke AkAra ke kama se kama 2000 pRSThoM kA itihAsa to taiyAra kiyA hI jA sakatA hai lekina sahayoga aura preraNA zarta hai / jayapura ke kaI mandiroM meM paisA hai aura aise kSetroM ke kAryAlaya haiM jo khaNDelavAloM ke hAtha meM haiM, jinakI lAkhoM rupayA vArSika kI prAya hai, lekina ve yA to mandiroM meM sonA maDhavAte haiM yA anAvazyaka imArateM banAte haiM / aise mahatvapUrNa kArya ke lie unake pAsa paisA nahIM hai / ve yA to isakA mahatva nahIM jAnate yA unheM prApasI jhagar3oM se hI phurasata nahIM hai| prastu, vidvAnoM se hamArA nivedana hai ki ve lekhaka kA truTiyoM kI ora dhyAna dilAveM / etadartha unakA prAbhAra aura sujhAvoM kA svAgata hogA isI pavitra bhAvanA ke sAtha -polyAkA *** ** ** ** - khaNDelavAla zrAvakoM kI utpatti * bhaMvaralAla polyAkA, jainadarzanAcArya, sAhitya zAstrI, jypur| khaNDelavAla zrAvaka jinheM 'sarAvagI' ke nAma koI prayatna nahIM kiyA gyaa| jAti ke itihAsa se bhI abhihita kiyA jAtA hai, jainoM kI eka bahuta kA apanA eka mahatva hai| vaha ghaTanAoM dvArA mahatvapUrNa jAti hai, na kevala saMkhyA kI dRSTi se hamAre meM heyopAdeya kA bhedavijJAna jAgRta karatA hI isakA mahatva hai apitu, bar3e bar3e tyAgI tapasvI hai / jainoM kI anya jAtiyoM ne apane apane choTe zrImAn dhImAna isa jAti meM hue haiM aura vartamAna bar3e itihAsa prakAzita kie haiM kintu khaNDelavAla meM haiN| rAjanItijJoM meM bhI saMkhyA kI dRSTi se zrAvaka jAti kA isa prora kabhI koI prayatna yA isakA pratizata adhikatara hI niklegaa| kheda hai to hugrA hI nahIM yA huA to samvat prAdi kA ki aisI jAti ke itihAsa lekhana kA Aja taka ghaTanA vizeSa se tAratamya na baiThane ke kAraNa use

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chor3a diyA gayA / bar3e bar3e vidvAnoM ne yahAM taka likhane kA sAhasa kiyA ki purAne guTakoM ityAdi meM jo khaNDelavAla jainoM kI utpati Adi ke sambandha meM sAmagrI prApta hotI hai itihAsa se vaha pramANita nahIM hotI zrataH pravizvasanIya tathA kapolakalpita hai / hamAre pAsa samvat 1879 ke sAla meM likhA 5.8 x 5.8 kI sAija kI sAMgAnerI kAgaja para likhI huI eka pustaka hai jisake pratyeka pRSTha meM 16 paMktiyAM haiM / pRSTha ke donoM ora 7" kA hAsiyA chor3A gayA hai / kula 15 pRSTha haiM jisameM pratima pRSTha kA bAMyI ora kA bhAga khAlI hai / isa pRSTha para kAlI syAhI gira gaI hai phira bhI akSara par3ane zrAte haiM / isake khaNDelavAloM ke utpatti sambandhI prArambhika praza isa prakAra haiM khaDela. 'zrI vItarAgAya namaH atha corAsI jAti likhate 1 sahara kheDelo khaMDelagira cohAna "nyAti maiM AdhI maiM to khaMDelavAla vriihmnn|| AdhI mai khaMDelavAla mahAjana / tI prAdhI meM khaMDelavAla mahazrI || AdhI maiM khaDelavAla zrAvaka tI zrAvakA ko boro ka chu / sahara khaMDelo khaMDelagira cohAna rAja karaiti sahara kosa 22 kA phera meM baseM // ara koDI dhaja koTa mai bAIsa hajAra base 22000 para no se deharA jaina kA 900 kasma malavAi dhakala hUvo adhiko / taba rAjA paNDitAM nai bulAi bujho jo dikhala kadi miTai / tadi paMDitA kahI bArA barasa tAI rahasI / taba rAjA kahI prajA "chIji jAsI / koi punya ko upAya karau tadi brAhmaNa kahI ja narameda jagya karo || rAjA kahI kuraNa vaha || tadi brAmaraNa kahI ja yeka so yeka 101 zrAdamI homije // tadi homa kI tayArI kari rAkhI saudaI joga kari jatI 500 nagana mudrA dhAryA na // jayA ko akhADo bAga me zrAi utarI / tadi paMDitAM rAjA kA bInA hUkama eka soyeka 101 jatI hoyA / / tadi pApa kari sahara maiM malavAi gharaNI huii| garIba dharaNA chIjyA / satarA 2-68 hajAra to 17000 koDI dhaja muvAtyA ko pAlI devo na rahau // tatra bhAga nagara su bhaTAraka aparAjita padAMkita nAmA jasobhadrajI jinasenajI celA ne vIdA kIyo / jo khaMDele gharaNo pApa hUvo || sahara khAlI haMsI so the jAya pApa kATo sahara bacai || so jinasenajI AdipurANa kA karatA hai / so zrI bhaTArakajI kA bhejyA jina senajI khaMDele prAyyA || so mhAjana sahara kA chA tyAne judo hI gur3hau kari de zrara devI cakrezvarI prArAdhi kAra rachyA dInI // yoM kari jatI mhAjana chA so sArA bacyA yetA hI meM khaMDelagira cohANa rAjA chotI kai gola nIkalI || rAjA maravA samAna hUvo || taba rAjaloka raNavAsa cho tyA gharo hI jatana kIyo so na lAgyo | taba rAjA ne jatI nakhe mhAjanA kA guDhA meM le gayA || so jatI ko darasaraNa karatA hI nIkA hUvo || sAvadhAna hUvo // ara jatI na rAjA bujhI jo yetI prajA chIjI so sababa kAI taba jinasenajI kahI jo jatIzvA ko homa hUvo chautIko sAro boro kahA~ || jo paMDitA kari jaga meM moTo pA hUvo me rAjA jANo nahIM // tI kari yeto sahara meM dakhala hUvo || taba rAjA kahI graba aso upadesa do tI kari mhAro pAra kaTai ra sahara basato hoya // tatra rAjA ne jinasenajI jaina upadesa dIyo rAjA kabUli kIyo rAjapUta rAha choDi jaina rAha pakar3I jainI huvI ra caugaDadA kA prora bhAI beTA 81 ikyAtI gAvAkA svAvada chA so bhI jaina rAha pakar3a jaisI hUvA so gAvAka nAya gota kahAyyA | khaMDelA kA dharaNI sAha hUbo zrora gAva kA dharaNI chA so tisa tasa pakaDyA || cohANa ko rAja cho so gAMva 81 me rajaputa saralAkha 300000 dharama jainI hUvA // aura jo cohANa kA bhAI 14 tAkai jaivI hUvA // gota gahyA tAki cakrezvarI sAhi karI // so cakrezvarI kuladevyA bhAI codA ke huI sau mahAvIrajI su. saMvata 490 pArcha jasobhadra laghu siSya jinasenajI khaMDele prAya jainI koyA gotra mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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............ 14 yekasa mahAvIrajI sU barasa 490 vikrama sItAMvara ghaNA dina tAI vana mai le jAi prahAra su saMvat 2 prathama gotra sAhai // baMsa soma kula kIyo pAchai bhadrabhAvajI durasIsa dInI .......... / ' cauhANa utana khaMDelagira kuladevyA cakrezvarI / / 1 / / dumaro gautra vikrama sU saMvata 3 gotra bhAva- itanA hI aza yahAM diyA jA rahA hai| prAge sau vaMsa soma kula cohANa utana bhAvasau lekha ke vistAra bhaya se yahAM nahIM de rahe haiM / rAjye zrI bhAvasyaMgha jI kuladevyA cakre surI // 2 // isake saMvat prAdi yadyo galata mAlUma dete haiM kintu nimna bAteM saSTa haiN| isa taraha Age bhI vikrama saMvat 6 taka 1. khaNDela meM khaMDelagira nAmakA cauhAna rAjA thaa| 14 gotra batAne ke pazcAt mAge likhA hai 2. usa samaya vahAM videziyoM kA dikhala (kabjA) 'i taraha jinasenajI yA nai jainI kIyyA / / ho gayA thaa| prAga cha utapatti jasobhadra jI ke bAra sarva eka chaa| 3. cauhAnoM ko jainI AdiparANa ke kartA jinaso jasobhadra jI jaina dharama ko vidamAraNa jANi saraba senajI ne banAyA thaa| siddhi jati janA mai kahI jo khaMDele utapAta hamAre sAmane jayapura ke sAha parivAra vAloM havo so aba koI jAvo taba sagalA kahI ja tyA kI eka chapI huI vaMzAvalI hai jisameM isa prakAra na zrI gura Apa pAgyA de so jAva so zrI gura likhA hai-- AgyA to aura hI na karI chI / / para jinasenajI unamata thako hoya kahI jo khaDela ha jAsyauM / taba purAne sarakArI rekArDa ke AdhAra para sabala paNa AgyA binA hI gamana kIyo / / tadi kheDele (khaMDele ?) jainI hugrA tI ko ahavAla sikhi chA tyA bocArI jo unamata hoya kari gayau saMvat 110 ke sAla khaMDelegira cauhANa jainI humA so jinasenajI khaDelaM jAi ara khaDelavAla mhAjana jinasenAcAryajI kA upadeza sU, rAjA ko gota chA sareSThI tyA mai prAya vAkI rakhyA karI / / ara sAha kahAyo pAche samvat 782 kI sAla khaMDelo rAjA khaMDelagIra kI golI meTI / / so khaDelagira chuTyo, abhairAmajI hIrAnanda jI jAtrA giranArajI Adi bhAi 14 to jaitI kIyyA / / taiThA pAchai jina- rikhabadevajI kI kara cItoDa rAvala ratanasIjI sU senajI kAla vAsa havA taiThA pAchai gotra natra dhau milyA, gAMva ijAre kIyAM pAchai samvat 992 ke khaMDela gira Adi bhAI caudA to jainI kIyyA gota sAla UThAM sU rAyamalajI UThyA, so ghaTAlI bAMdhyau / / pAchai bAkI go aurA aurA prAcAryA pAyA, kIlaNadI vAlaNadeva solakhI ghaMTAlI kA prativodhyA gotra 84 parajati khaMDelA kA gAvayu ThAkUra tyAsU gAMva ijAre liyA so saM 1656 kI zrAvakA maTAraka ApaNA kIyyA // jasobhadra jI sAla chAja sAha jI ghaTAlI sUcATasU pAyA, para pAchai jinasenajI hI gAva mai rhyaa| jasobhadra jI rAjA mAnasiMhajI sUmilyA / tAito vanavAsI chA pAchai bhadrabhAvajI pATa baiThyA 'sagalA jatyAM prAgyA mAnI para prAi nampA pariNa purAne rekArDa ke AdhAra para jinasenajI pAgyA to mAnI paNi hajurI na prathama sAha uhaDaNajI tIMko beTo dUlhajI gagyA / / taiThA sugacha virodha hvatA gamyA / / paNa tIko beTo lAkho, tIkoM beTo khIMvasI tIko bhadrabhAvajI tAI bhI vanabAsI rahyA / / para kAlhAjI tIMko beTo saravaNa tIko beTo bopatajI mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2069

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tIko beTo chAjU sAha ghaTAvalI sU visara kiyo uThakara ghaTAlI AnA likhA hai / usa samaya unake tI pAchai mahArAjAdhirAja zrI mAnasiMhajI bulAyA pitA chAjU sAha jIvita the jinako 1656 meM tahi mahArAjajI se milyA tI pari mheMlA koTa mAna siha jI ne bulaayaa| amai rAmajI hIrAnandajI ko coka kasbA cAkasU ko kAr3hI koTar3I baMdhAya cIttaur3a Ae taba se lekara ghaTAlI yA ghaTAvalI vAsa karAyo aura jamIna inAma meM dIghA 500 pAne taka kA samaya 295 varSa hotA hai / uhaDaNajI baksI, ara yo murAtiba bakasyo, jo thAMne vA thAMkI se rAyamala taka nau pIr3hiyAM hotI haiM jinakA ausata vastI kA ne vAcha virADa pharo mApha kIyo pharo 33 varSa prati pIr3hI AtA hai jo adhika nahIM hai / nahIM sAbaka mApha, para thA~kI koTar3I khUnI agara abhai rAma hIrAnanda ke pazcAt aura uhaDaNa (koNe?) taka sIdI A jAve / tIne rAja lyAsI ke bIca eka do pIDhiyAM aura gAyaba hoM to yaha nahIM, kasbA cAkasU meM insApha hosI so thAMkI ausata aura bhI kama ho jaaygaa| vaMzAvalI meM koTar3I hosI, ara paraganA kA gAMvA kA holI rAyamala ke potoM ke pazcAt usake vaMza kA kucha daserA kI bheMTa sAhajI kI karatA rahasI / / patA nahIM calatA / zAyada yaha vaMza ghaTAvalI meM hI rahatA rahA yA samApta ho gayA / isameM samvat se pUrva vikrama nahIM likhA hai aura yadi yaha patA cala jAve ki ye kauna se saMvat haiM cauhAnoM kA rAjya prAraMbha meM nAgaura meM thaa| to AsAnI se isakI aitihAsikatA kI jAMca kI vahAM se zAkambharI (sA~bhara) aura zAkambharI se jA sakatI hai| mAnasiMhajI vAlA saMvat 1656 ajamera AyA / vikramI hai jo sahI hai kyoMki saMvat 1647 se 1672 vikramI tadanusAra san 1590 se 1615 khaNDelA vartamAna meM zekhAvATI meM hai / itihAsaIsvI mahArAjA mAnasiMhajI kA samaya jayapura ke kAroM ke anusAra isa hisse meM pahale sAMbhara ke itihAsa se siddha hai| ye samrATa akabara ke kAla aura phira ajamera ke cauhAnoM kI zAkhAmoM kA meM hue haiM tathA itihAsa prasiddha haiM / 1 rAjya rahA hai| ajamera basane kA kAla vikrama kI sAtavIM zatAbdI hai| harSa saMvat aura vikramI saMvat meM 662 varSa kA antara itihAsakAra mAnate haiM / rAvala ratana siMha aba prazna hai ki prAcArya jinasena ne yadi cautor3a kA kAla 1359 vikramI (697 harSa khaNDelavAla jAti kI sthApAnA kI to kauna se saMvat) hai / khaNDelA TUTane kA saMvat 782 jo chapA saMvat meM ? jinasena ne apane guru vIrasena dvArA hai vaha mudraNa kI yA rekArDa se pratilipi kI bhUla adhUrI chor3I huI jayadhavalA TIkA ko zaka saMvat zAta hotI hai / yaha saMvat 682 hogA jisakA 759 vi. saM. 894 meM pUrNa kii| isake pazcAt vikrama saMvat 1344 hotA hai| 15 sAla giranAra unhoMne mahApurANa kI racanA prArambha kii| jaisA jI kI yAtrA meM lage hoMge kyoMki usa samaya baila- ki anumAna kiyA jAtA hai prAdi purANa ko pUrNa gAr3iyoM meM yAtrA hotI thii| itanA samaya yAtrA karane meM unheM 4-5 varSa kA samaya lagA ho to ve meM laganA adhika nahIM hai / arthAt vikrama saMvat saMvat 899-900 taka avazya jIvita rahe the| 1344 taka sAha parivAra khaNDele meM rahA / vaMzA- isake Age ve kahAM gaye, kaba unakI mRtyu huI balI ke anusAra rAyamala chAjU sAha ke putra the Adi praznoM para itihAsa kI pustakeM jo aba taka jinakA saMvat 992 (1654 vi0) meM cItor3a se likhI gaI haiM, mauna haiM / kintu hamArI ukta saMvat 2-70 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 .

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1879 meM likhI pustaka ke anusAra jinasenajI bhI rahI hogii| unake pazcAt anya prAcAryoM dvArA khaNDele gaye aura vahAM unhoMne sambat 6 taka 14 samvat 1110-12 taka nae jainI banAne kA kArya gotroM kI sthApanA kI aura tatpazcAt svargavAsI cAlU rahA aura nae nae gotra bAMdhe jAte rahe / ho gye| jinakA vivaraNa isI pustaka meM hai tathA aura bhI aitihAsika ghaTanAe haiM jinheM yahAM sthAnAbhAva se prazna yaha raha jAtA hai ki ina vi. saM. 2-3 nahIM diyA jA rahA hai| vaMzAvalI meM mudraNa doSa prAdi kI saMgati jinasenajI ke sAtha kaise baiThe ? athavA lipi doSa se samvat 110 chapa gayA hai yA ye saMvat yathArtha meM 901-902-903 Adi haiM likhA gayA hai| aura bolane meM inako samvat 1-2-3 Adi bolate haiM / aAja bhI san 1904 cAra hI kahalAtA hai yaha vaMzAvalI lekhaka ke mAmA zrI geMdI aura 1910 Adi ko anta kI do saMkhyA jo ho lAlajI sAha eDavokeTa ne chapAI hai jise dekhakara tadanusAra kahate haiM jaise 1910 saMvat yA san ko hameM satya jAnane kI preraNA huI / ve lekhaka ke mAtra 10 hI boleMge aura kabhI kabhI likhege bhii| pitRsama haiM / jo bhI jaisA bhI maiM prAja hU~ unake yaha paripATI jaise vartamAna meM hai vaise bhUta kAla meM hI pAzIrvAda aura zubhakAmanAoM kA phala he / 1. Thirty Decisive Battles of Jaipur by Thakur Narendra Singh, 1939 edition page 57. 2. aitihAsika zodha saMgraha : rAmavallabha somAnI : janavarI 1970 saM., pR. 49 3. AJMER : Historical and Descriptive : by-SARDA Part II Chapter XVII (1941 edition) 4. jainadharma kA prAcIna itihAsa, dvitIya bhAga : paramAnanda zAstrI pRSTha 181-182. jagata ke jIva saba sama haiM kisI ko kama nahIM lekho, sabhI ko prANa pyAre haiM kisI para gama nahI pheMko, zrI mahAvIra svAmI kI ahiMsA ye batAtI haiinheM kucha de nahIM sakate to kevala pyAra se dekho| -'kAkA' bundelakhaNDI mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-71

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tuma svayaM mahAvIra ho hAsya kavi, zrI hajArIlAla 'kAkA' bundelakhaNDI po0 sakarAra jilA, jhAMsI u0 pra0 kavaTeM badaloge kaba taka vistaroM para, bahuta soye aba khumArI ko haTA do, khola do avaruddha mana kI argalAyeM, tuma svayaM mahAvIra ho jaga ko dikhA do, lekina tumheM phursata kahAM isa rAga raMga se, sAMjha hone ko huI para gA rahe aba bhI prabhAtI, baja rahe haiM kUca ke besura nagAr3e, para tumheM aba bhI praNaya saragama suhAtI, chor3anA hogA tumheM aba isa makAM ko, isalie tuma svayaM hI Asana haTA lo, khola do avaruddha mana kI argalAye, tuma svayaM mahAvIra ho jaga ko dikhA do / bana cuke mahamAna kitane isa makAM ke tuma samajhate ho ki zAyada hamIM pahale, krama na TUTA Aja taka isa kAravAM kA A cuke kitane yahAM nahale pai dahale, isaliye adhyAtma kI gaMgA bahAkara nAma apanA mokSa sUcI meM likhA lo, khola do avaruddha mana kI argalAyeM tuma svayaM mahAvIra ho jaga ko dikhA do / prApako abhimAna hogA lakSmI para kintu prAmitka zAMti de sakatA na ye dhana, artha ke jala se bhI kisakI pipAsA jaba talaka varSA nahIM samyaktva kA ghana, isaliye 'kAkA' jagata se dRSTi phero vakta hai cAritra kI gaMgA nahAlo, khola do avaruddha mana kI argalAyeM tuma svayaM mahAvIra ho jaga ko dikhA do, 2-72 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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.kkk. purANoM meM sajjana aura durjana, bhale aura bure, dhArmika tathA pApI donoM prakAra ke manuSyoM ke jIvana-vRtta kA citraNa karane kA uddezya acche aura bure kAryoM kA acchA burA phala batAnA hotA hai| pazu yajJa, mAMsa bhakSaNa Adi sadAcAra tathA dharma viruddha kAryoM kA bhI unameM prasaMgAnusAra varNana pAtA hai kintu unakA purANoM meM varNana hone mAtra se hI aise kArya vihita koTi meM nahIM paate| isa tathya ko samajha kara hI purANoM kA svAdhyAya karanA caahiye| harivaMza purANakAra jinasena punnATa saMgha ke prAcArya the aura prAdipurANa ke kartA jinasena se bhinna the kintu donoM hI samasAmayika the| harivaMza purANa kI racanA zakasaMvat 705 meM samApta huI hai| harivaMza purANa kA mahatva isa dRSTi se bahuta hai ki usameM vIra nirvANa ke bAda se vi0 saM0 840 taka kI avicchinna guru-paramparA surakSita hai jo anya kisI bhI purANa athavA graMtha | meM Aja taka dekhane meM nahIM paaii| -polyAkA "jaina" harivaMzapurANa kAlIna bhArata kI sAMskRtika jhalaka DA0 premacanda jaina, ema.e., pIeca. DI., jainadarzanAcArya, janadarzana vibhAga, rAjasthAna vi.vi., jayapura pratyeka yuga kA saccA sAhityakAra, kavi yA manamAne raMga bhara-bharakara naye-naye citra banAtI hai| mahAkavi svayaM apane samaya kI bhaugolika, sAmA- usakA jAgarUka yatna rahatA hai ki vaha pAThaka ko jika, rAjanaitika, aitihAsika paristhitiyoM ke vartamAna se uThAkara usake mAnasa ko apane varNa pariprekSya meM evaM pRSThabhUmi ke paTa para hI apane kAla ke stara para le jAye aura isa yala meM use varNyaviSaya ke kAla kI amUka sthiti ke citra kI jitanI saphalatA milatI hai, vahI usake sAhityika rekhAe akita karatA hai / cAhe vaha kisI bhI kAla sAphalya kA mApadaNDa banatI hai| para sama-sAmayika kI sthitiyoM kA varNana kare, parantu usake anumAna yuga kI sthitiyoM kA sahI sahI citraNa bhI usake kA prAdhAra to usakA vartamAna hI hotA hai / isI sAphalya kI utanI hI mahatvapUrNa kasauTI hai jitanI vartamAna ke paTa para usakI kalpanA-rUpI tUlikA kathA-vastugata varNya kAla ke citraNa kii| isa dRSTi mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-73

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1 se jinasenAcArya ne tatkAlIna bhArata kI bhaugolika sthiti, deza, prAnta aura pramukha parvata, nagara, nadiyA~, vRkSa, vanaspatiyAM, pazu, pakSI, dakSiNa se lagAkara uttara-pUrva aura uttara-pazcima ke dakSiNa patha ke mArga aura vidhya ke uttara meM uttara ke pramukha mahA janapathoM ke sambandha meM prabhUta va prAmANika jAnakArI pradAna kI hai / deza ke tatkAlIna sAmAjika jIvana, vyApAra, kRSi, zikSA, sAhitya, sAmAjika rItirivAja evaM dhArmika vizvAsoM tathA grAmINa va nAgarika jIvana kA saTIka paricaya prApta karane kI dRSTi se bhI yahAM pracura sAmagrI upalabdha hotI hai / deza kI rAjanaitika avasthA ke sambandha meM kavi ne pratyakSa to nahIM parantu apratyakSa rUpa se jo saMketa diye haiM unase tatkAlIna samaya kI rAjanaitika avasthA kA acchA bodha ho jAtA hai / bhaugolika sthiti bhAratavarSa ke bhaugolika vibhAjanoM kA kavi kA jJAna vizada aura prAmANika thA / isakI anubhUti hameM harivaMzapurANa ke 11 veM sarga meM variMgata bhagavAna RSabhadeva kI dIkSA ke prakaraNa meM cAroM dizAoM ke aneka nagaroM ke ullikhita hone se hotI hai-- kurUjAMgAla, pAMcAla, surasena, paTaeNcara, yavana, abhIra aura bhadraka, kvAthatoya, tuliMga, kAzI, kauzalya, maMdrAkAra, vRkArthaka, solva, prAvRSTa, trigarta, kuzAgra, Atreya, kAmboja, zUra, bATavAtA kaikaya, gAndhAra, sindhu, sauvIra, bhAradvAja, dazarUka, prAsthAla aura tIka ye deza uttara dizA kI aura the / khaMga, agAraka, pauNDra, malla, yuvaka, mastaka, prAgjyotiSa, vaMga, magadha, mAnavartika, malada aura bhArgava ye deza pUrva dizA meM sthita the / vANamukta, vaidarbhamANava. kaliMga prAMsika, kuntala, navarASTra, mAhiska, puruSa aura bhaugavardana ye dakSiNa dizA ke deza the / mAlya, kallIvanopAnta, durga, supa rTa, karmuka, kAzi, nAsArika, agarta, sArasvata tApasa, mahima bharUkaccha, surASTra aura narmada ye pazcima dizA ke deza the / 2-74 dazAka, kiSkindha, tripura, Avarta, naMSadha, nepAla, uttamavarNa, vaMdiza, antapa, kauzala, patana aura vinihAtra ye deza vindhyAcala ke Upara sthita the / bhadra, vatsa, videza, kuza, maMga, saitava aura vajrakhaMDika ye deza madhyadeza ke prAzrita the / 1 inameM vatsa, avantI, kauzala aura magadha meM rAjatantra thA, bAkI gaNatantrAtmaka the / rAjatantroM kA rAjA niraMkuza nahIM hotA thA, vaha mantripariSada kI rAya se kArya karatA thA aura prajA kI bhAvanA kA samAdara karatA thA / gaNatantra meM kahIM eka mukhya rAjA hotA thA, kahIM garaNarAjAna kI pariSada thI, kahIM mukhya rAjA hote hue bhI gaNapariSad pradhAna thI aura kahIM mukhya-garaNa bArI-bArI se rAjya karate the / kucheka mahatvAkAMkSI vistAra lolupa samrATa bhI the / gaNatantroM se inake sambandha acche nahIM the aura kabhI kabhI ve yuddha taka kara baiThate the / gaNatantroM ke sambandha Apasa meM prAyaH acche the / kAraNa vizeSa se kabhI kabhI kucha vivAda bhI uThate rahate the / nadI, jala, parivahana, grAma Adi ke kAraNoM se vivAda uThanA hI inameM mukhya thA / kabhI kabhI kisI kanyA ko lekara bhI jhagar3e khar3e ho jAte the / rAjA kA pada paramparAgata hotA thA / rAjA ke apadastha hone para usakA jyeSTha putra rAjyAdhikArI hotA thA / 2 putra vihIna rAjA kA uttarAdhikArI usakI putrI kA putra hotA thA / rAjyAsana para padArUr3ha hone se pUrva abhiSeka hone kI paramparA thI |3 isa kAla kA bhAratIya samAja yuddha vijJAna meM paryApta unnati kara cukA thA / svArthasiddhi ke liye deva, asura, mAnava aura pazu sabakA carama sAdhana eka mAtra yuddha hI thA / pazutroM aura manuSyoM meM bhI yuddha hone ke udAharaNa dRSTigata hote haiM / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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isa kAla meM rathayuddha, padAtiyuddha, malla- samAja meM Uce AdarzoM ke bIca sthAna na milane para yuddha, dRSTiyuddha, jalayuddha, prabhRti vividha prakAra bhI gAndharva va rAkSasa vidhi kA prasAra thA / 13 anya ke yuddhoM ke udAharaNa milate haiN| yuddha meM pramukhataH vivAhoM meM vAgdAna se, bhaviSyavANI se, sATe se hAthI, ghor3A, ratha, paidala sainika, baila, gAndharva aura vivAha,14 vidhavA-vivAha15 evaM vidhura-vivAha Adi nartakI ye sAta aMga hote the| vyUhoM meM kroca garuDa bhI pracalita the| samAja meM vahupatnI prathA16 pracalita cakrAdi ke ullekha prApta hote haiN| asi, ulakhala, thii| mAtula kanyA se vivAha sambhava thA / 17 cArudatta kAyatrANa, kAmaka, kaumudagadA, khaMga, khura, gadA, kA vivAha usake mAmA kI lar3akI se kiyA gayA thaa| gANDiva, cakra, jAnu, tala, tomara, trizula, daNDa, 21 38 arjuna aura subhadrA kA sambandha bhI aisA vANAdi aneka prakAra ke zastrAstra the| katipaya hI thA / vivAha do vikasita vyaktiyoM kA sambandha zastrAstroM meM adabhuta camatkRtipUrNa alaukika zakti thA / kanyAyeM pitA ke ghara meM hI yuvA ho jAyA bhI vidyamAna thii| gaja, boDe, ratha, UMTa, khaccara karatI thiiN| daheja prathA kA bhI ullekha hai| yadyapi Adi bhI yuddha kI savAriyAM thiiN| rAjamahiSiyA~ spaSTa rUpa se 'daheja' zabda kA na nAma AtA hai bhI raNa-kauzala meM niSNAta hotI thI aura Ava- aura na usakI mAMga kI jAtI hai / khuzI se lar3akI zyakatA par3ane para yuddha bhI karatI thiiN| kabhI kabhI vAlA lar3ake ko yathAzakti aura yatheccha kucha de apane patiyoM kI sahAyatArtha bhI yuddha meM sAtha-sAtha detA thaa| jAtI thiiN|10 isa samaya strI jAti kA samAja meM koI sAmAjika jIvana svatantra sthAna nahIM thA / striyAM puruSoM kI icchA harivaMzapurANa meM eka saMgaThita samAja kA sva ke anusAra usake upabhoga ke upakaraNa mAtra thiiN| rUpa milatA hai| samAja meM cAroM varNoM (bAhmaNa, striyoM ko cala sampatti ke rUpa meM bhI mAnA jAtA thaa| kSatriya, vaizya aura zUdra) kI sthiti jJAta hotI hai para unake ghere kaThina nahIM the / cAroM vargoM ke ati- harivaMzakAlIna vyakti kA jIvana sabhya aura rikta bhI samAja meM vyAvasAyika aura praudyogika susajjita thaa| vaha vividha paridhAnoM dvArA zarIra varga the, inameM rAjaka, cANDAla, carmakAra, svarNa- kA alaMkaraNa karatA thaa| usake vastroM meM vAsas, kAra, dArUzilpI Adi pramukha haiN| upavAsas, nIvi,kambala Adi pramukha the / 18 prAbhUSaNoM prAcInakAla se hI vivAha jIvana kI sarvotkRSTa meM mukuTa,19 kuNDala,keyUra, cUr3AmaNi, kaTaka, kaMkaNa, mudrikA, hAra, mekhalA, kaTisUtra, kaMThaka, ratnAvalI, ghaTanA mAnI jAtI hai / usakA isa kAla meM hrAsa nUpura, Adi kA pracalana thA (8/26 / prasAdhana dekhane ko milatA hai / vivAha ava daivika vidhAna na sAmagrI bhI aneka vidha thiiN| sAdhAraNa se lekara rahakara, yogyatA, parAkrama aura zakti kA mApadaNDa bahumUlya sAmagriyA~ vyavahRta hotI thiiN| candana, raha gayA thaa| isa kAla meM smRtiyoM meM pratipAdita ku kuma, aMgarAga, pAlaktaka, aMjana, zatapAka, tela, aATha prakAra ke vivAhoM meM se anya vivAhoM ke prakAra gaMdha Adi aneka sugandhita dravya mizrita lepa siMdura, (prAsura, gAndharva, rAkSasa aura paizAca) ko ninda kasturI, mAlA, tAmbUla Adi ke prayoga kA ullekha nIya yA parityAjya mAnA jAtA thaa|12 milatA hai (8vAM sarga) / vRddhAyeM prAyaH tripuNDAkAra isa kAla meM ukta pATha vivAha vidhiyoM meM se tilaka lagAtI thii| (22-47) koI bhI eka vizuddha rUpa se pracalita nahIM thii| samAja meM zAkAhArI aura mAMsAhArI donoM mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-75

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hI taraha ke bhojana bhojya hote the / zAkAhArI bhojana meM jau, dhAna, gehUM, tela, zAka, ur3ada, mUMga Adi mukhya the | 21 pazuoM kA mAMsa mAMsAhAriyoM ke lie bhojana meM sammilita hotA thA / 22 peya padArthoM meM dUdha, 23 surA, madhu 24 Adi ullekhanIya haiN| bhojana karane ke bAda sugaMdhita dravyoM se mizrita pAnI se kuralA kiyA jAtA thA 125 bAda meM pAna supArI khilAI jAtI thI / pAna ko thUkane ke liye pIkadAna bhI rakhA rahatA thA / 26 mahAkavi vANa kI kAdambarI aura harSa caritra meM bhI inake ullekha prApta hote haiM / vizrAma ke lie zayyA (prAsandI) upadhAna, parya kAdi huA karate the / manoraMjana ke lie nATaka, gIta, vAdya, citrakalA, dyUta-krIr3A, 27 vanavihAra, 28 jalakrIr3A 28 Adi kA pramukhatA se pracalana thA / vizeSa avasaroM para aneka sAmUhika mahotsava bhI hote the / una dinoM vyAyAma karane kI prakriyA Aja jaisI hI thI / golAkAra akhAr3oM meM pahalavAna loga apane apane dAvapeca dikhAte the isa graMtha ko dekhane se yaha bhI patA calatA hai ki Ajakala jo muSTiyuddha pracalita hai vaha pAzcAtya dezoM kI dena nahIM hai / hamAre deza meM prAcIna kAla meM muSTiyuddha kA Ama -rivAja thA | 30 zrIkRSNa aura balabhadra ne cAragura aura muSTika pahalavAna ko muSTiyuddha meM parAjita kiyA thA (36/45) / Arthika jIvana Arthika dRSTi se bhI tatkAlIna bhAratavarSa sampanna thaa| kRSi, pazupAlana vyApAra, bANijya, kalA, kauzala meM bhI yaha deza kAphI pragati kara cukA thA / zrAntarika vyApAra, sAtha hI videzoM se jalapotoM ke dvArA vyApAra hotA thA / yahAM se kapAsa zraura bahumUlya ratnAdi kA vyApAra kiyA jAtA thA / dUra dezoM yA videzoM se vyApAra ke lie kaI vyApArI samUha meM jAte the aura mArga dikhAne ke lie sArtha 2-76 hote the jinako mArga kA pUrA jJAna hotA thA / sArtha sampanna bhI hote the / vyApAriyoM ko nizcita zulka yA bhAgIdArI ke AdhAra para RNa bhI dete the / sArthoM ke apane yAna, vAhana, cAlaka, vAhaka, rakSaka Adi bhI hote the / prAcIna bhArata meM sAtha kI bhUmikA kI vizeSa jAnakArI DA0 motIcandra kI pustaka 'sArthavAha' meM milatI hai / vyApAra meM lene dene ke lie niSka, zatamAna, kArSApaNa Adi kA pracalana thA / mudrAnoM para janapada zreNI athavA dhArmika cihna huA karate the | vANijya vyApAra para rAjakIya niyantraNa nahIM thA / kara bhAga Aya ke dasaveM se chaThe bhAga taka sImita thA vizeSa paristhitiyoM meM yuddha durbhikSa Adi ke samaya yaha pravazya dhyAna rakhA jAtA thA ki koI anucita lAbha na le sake / jaMgaloM durgama sthAnoM meM kahIM kahIM dasyudala bhI sakriya hote the / the / aparAdha bahuta kama hote the / dhArmika jIvana yadi dharma aura vizvAsa yA samAja kI saMskRti kI utkRSTatA kA dyotaka hai to harivaMzapurANa eka aise vyakti ke dhArmika jIbana kA citra prastuta karatA hai jo tapaH pradhAna thA / isa yuga meM prAcIna dhArmika paramparAyeM TUTa rahI thI / bali yajJAdi kriyA kANDoM kA sthAna bhakti upAsanA satkarma aura sadAcAra ne le liyA thaa| jaina, bauddha aura vaidika tInoM saMskRtiyAM sAtha sAtha cala rahI thIM / harivaMza purANa kA samasta varNana kisI na kisI prakAra mukti prAdi kAryoM se sambaddha hai / tIrthakaroM, paMca parameSThiyoM ke stavana ke sAtha sAtha vibhinna zrAcAroM aura vyavahAroM kA bhI varNana kiyA gayA hai / purANa meM sarvatobhadra 32 mahAsarvatobhadra, 33 cAndrAyaNa 34 Adi aneka vrata upavAsoM kI vidhiyoM evaM unake phaloM kA vistRta vivecana kiyA gayA hai / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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TippaNa 1. harivaMzapurANa, 11/57-74 2. harivaMzapurANa, 27/54, 21/122 3. harivaMzapurANa, 27/47-60 4, tevaka kA zodha prabandha pR0 86 5. harivaMzapurANa, 42180, 50/103-104, 42141 6. harivaMzapurANa, 36130-34, 2418, 11/84. 36141-43. 36-45 7. harivaMzapurANa, 11/80-82 8, harivaMzapurANa, 11/83 9. harivaMzapurANa 50/102-110 10. harivaMzapurANa, 5215 11. harivaMzapurANa, 9/39 12. pATIla, Da0ke0ke0 kalcarala hisTrI phoma vAyu purANa-pUnA, 1964, pRSTha 156 13. harivaMzapurANa, 44/21-25. 43/171-176, 44129-32, 42174-97. 4419-19 14 harivaMzapurANa, 33/10-29 15. (1) nArada smRti, 12197 (2) bAlvalakara, hindu sosala iMsTiTyUzansa bambaI, 1939 (3) vivAha sambandhI adhyAya-alTe kara pojIzana Apha vumana ina ainasiyanTa iNDiyA, pRSTha 181-183 16 harivaMzapurANa, 12/32, 2419, 44/3-50, 59/116 17. harivaMza purANa, 33/11-24, 33/1-36, 21138 18. harivaMzapurANa, 2617-17, 2/18--38 19. harivaMzapurANa, 25130 20. harivaMzapurANa, 47142 21. harivaMzapurANa, 18/171, 11/116, 36127-28, 18/161-163 mahAbIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-77

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22. harivaMzapurANa, 21/104-110 23. harivaMzapurANa, 18/171 24. harivaMzapurANa, 61/23, 61/51, 61/36, 61/25 25. harivaMzapurANa, 36/27-28 26. harivaMzapurANa, 8/50 27. harivaMzapurANa, 48/14, 46/3, 21/54-62 28. harivaMzapurANa, 55129, 14/21 29. harivaMzapurANa, 55151-55 30. harivaMzapurANa, 24/8, 11/84. 36/41-43 31. harivaMzapurANa, 21/76 32. harivaMzapurANa, 34/52-55 33. harivaMzapurANa, 34157-58 34. harivaMzapurANa, 34/90, isa vrata meM kRSNa pratipadA ke dina se candramA ghaTane ke sAtha sAtha pratidina eka eka grAsa bhojana ghaTAte hue amAvasyA ke dina pUrNa nirAhAra rahA jAtA hai. aura zukla patipadA ko eka grAsa bhojana lekara pratidina eka eka grAsa bar3hAte hue pUrNimA ke dina kevala 15 grAsa pAhAra liyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra yaha vrata eka mAsa meM pUrNa hotA hai / 35. tatvArtha zraddhAnam samyagdarzanam tatvArtha sUtra-1/2 2-78 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA

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** bhArata meM nATakoM ke vikAsa kA mUla mA'tIya hI hai athavA videzI prazna anusandhitsutroM ke madhya carcA kA viSaya rahA hai| bhAratIya mUla batAne vAle vedoM meM yama yamI ke saMvAda meM ise khojate haiM to dUsare nATakoM meM prayukta 'yavanikA' zabda ke kAraNa videzoM meM / sacAI kucha bhI ho kintu bhArata / nATako kA itihAsa bahuta purAnA hai aura saMskRta bhASA ke nATaka kisI samaya paryApta lokapriya rahe haiM aura unakA maJcana bhI huvA hai| saMskRta nATakoM ke nirmANa meM jainoM kA bhI mahatvapUrNa yogadAna rahA hai| unake likhe nATaka kisI bhI dRSTi se kama mahattva ke nahIM haiN| jaina nATakakAra hastimalla aise hI siddhahasta nATakakAroM meM the jinhoMne jaina purANoM se kathAvastu grahaNa kara apane nATakoM kI racanA kii| unakI kRttiyoM kA mUlyAkana vidvAn lekhaka kI ina paMktiyoM meM par3hiye / -polyAkA -saMskRta nATyasAhitya meM hastimalla ke nATakoM kA sthAna DaoN0 kanchedIlAla jaina gava0 saMskRta kAleja, kalyANapura zahaDola saMskRta sAhitya meM aneka prazasta nATakakAroM meM saMskRta ke nATakakAroM ne apane nATakoM ke lie hastimalla aura aneka nATakoM meM unake nATaka kathAvastu kA cunAva rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata tathA smaraNIya rheNge| dasavIM zatAbdI ke bAda sazakta laukika kathAoM se kiyA hai, hastimalla ne apane nATakakAroM dvArA nATaka racanA meM hrAsa dikhAI detA nATakoM kI kathAvastu ko digambara jaina sampradAya ke hai, usakA kAraNa yaha thA ki saMskRta kA kalA pakSa purANoM se cunA hai jinako AdhAra banAkara nATaka sabala hotA jA rahA thA jo nATaka kI apekSA likhane kI aora kisI kA dhyAna nahIM thA / nATakoM mahAkAvya ke anukUla hotA hai| jayadeva kA ke lie kathAvastu kA navIna srota jaina purANoM ko prasannarAdhava te rahavIM zatAbdI kA mAnA jAtA hai hastimalla ne hI cunA hai| azvaghoSa ne zAriputra usameM bhI nATakIyatva kI apekSA kavitva kI hI prakaraNa likhakara nATaka nirmANArtha bauddha dharma kI sattA vizeSa hai / isa dRSTi se terahavIM zatI kA yaha kathAnoM ko AdhAra banAne kA upakrama kara diyA sazakta nATakakAra saMskRta sAhitya meM mahatvapUrNa thaa| merA Azaya yaha nahIM hai ki sampradAya vizeSa sthAna rakhatA hai| kI kathAvastu cunane ke kAraNa nATakakAra kA mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-79

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mahatva henA cAhie kintu sarasa tathA udAtta nATaka lekhana kI ora jaise kAvyakAroM kA dhyAna kathAyeM cAhe laukika hoM cAhe kisI sampradAya nahIM thA, usakI pUrti ke kAraNa hastimalla di. vizeSa ke granthoM kI hoM, unake dvArA yadi kAvya jaina samAja ke itihAsa meM cirasmaraNIya rheNge| racanA apanA svarUpa sajA sakatI hai to unakA upayoga karane vAlA bhI eka navIna mArga kA saMskRta nATakakAra dakSiNa deza meM nahIM ke anveSaka hai| zUdraka kA vizeSa mahatva isa kAraNa hai barAbara hue haiM / dazama zatAbdI ke zaktibhadra nATakaki usane apane mRcchakaTika prakaraNa ke lie sAmAnya kAra kA pAzcarya cUDAmariNa nATaka hai usameM sUtradhAra jIvana kI kathA ko cunakara nayA mArga apanAyA thA ke mukha se naTI ne dakSiNI deza ke nATaka ke aura vizAkhadatta ne mudrArAkSasa ke lie rAjanIti abhinaya kI bAta sunakara kahA thA ki dakSiNa deza meM ke dAMva peMca se sambandhita kathA cunI thii| inhIM nATaka kA nirmANa huaA hai to samajho AkAza meM navInatAnoM ke kAraNa se ye nATakakAra saMskRta phUla uga Aye haiM aura bAlU se tela nikala pAyA nATakakAroM meM apanA mahatvapUrNa sthAna banA ske| hai| isa prakAra yadi dakSiNa ko nATakakAroM kI sva. maithilIzaraNa gupta ne sAketa aura dvApara utpatti ke lie marusthala mAnA jAtA hai taba likhane ke sAtha ma0 buddha kI sahacAriNI yazodharA hastimalla kA sthAna bhI kama mahatva kA nahIM hai ko sunakara jo yazodharA kAvya banAyA usase unakI kyoMki ye dakSiNa ke hI the / inake nATakoM kI eka mahimA bar3hI hai, isI kAraNa jaina aitihAsika navInatA yaha hai ki inhone svayaMvara kI ghaTanAoM kathAnoM ko prAdhAra banAkara likhane ke kAraNa ko apane nATakoM meM sthAna diyaa| hastimalla kA bhI apanA viziSTa sthAna hai| jina kathAoM ko AdhAra banAkara kaI nATaka yA kAvya nATyakalA kI dRSTi se bhI hastimalla ke nATaka bana cuke hoM unhIM ko na cunakara naI kathAnoM ko saMskRta nATya sAhitya meM apanA mahatvapUrNa sthAna cunanA vizeSa mahatvapUrNa hai / yadyapi ina kathAoM ko banA sakeMge, kevala vidvAnoM kI dRSTi meM Ane kA nATaka kA AdhAra banAne se hastimalla kA yaza vilamba hai| bhAsa aura kAlidAsa ke na Taka bhora nAma utanA vyApaka sthAna nahIM pA sakA hai saralatA, sarasatA ke kAraNa saMskRta sAhitya meM jitanA vyApaka yaza ye mahAbhArata, rAmAyaNa yA apanA vizeSa sthAna banA sake haiN| harSavardhana meM bhI anya laukika kathAoM kI kathA-vastu ko cunakara hama saralatA aura sarasatA pAte haiN| usake bAda pA sakate the, yahI kAraNa hai ki adhikAMza saMskRta saMskRta sAhitya meM saralatA kA vaha rUpa nahIM dikhAI ke itihAsa lekhakoM ne to nATakakAroM meM unake nAma detA hai / hastimalla harSavardhana ke bahuta bAda hue haiM kA bhI ullekha nahIM kiyA hai aura aneka saskRta ke kintu unakI subhadrA nATikA aura aMjanA pavanaMjaya vidvAna unakA kAma aura nAma kama hI jAnate haiN| nATaka meM saralatA, samatA aura udAtta bhAvabhUmi ke darzana hote haiM / isalie vAcaspati gaurelA ne likhA - di. jaina sAhitya kA paryAvalocana kareM to hai ki jaina sAhitya ke kSetra meM hasti malla kA usameM dharma, darzana, nyAya ke mahatvapUrNa granthoM ke anaukhA vyaktitva dRzya kAvyoM ke praNayana meM prakaTa atirikta dharmazarmAbhyudaya, candraprabha caritra prAdi mahAkAvya, yazastilaka aura jIvandhara jaise campU huA hai aura unhoMne terahavIM zatAbdI kA sarvAdhika kAvya, gadyacintAmaNi jaise gadya kAvya haiM kintu pratibhAzAlI nATakakAra hastimalla ko mAnA hai|' 2-80 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78.

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niSkarNa rUpa meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki buddhi ko viziSTa pratibhAzAlisI mAnate haiM aura nATakIya zailI, bhAva, bhASA, chanda, alaMkAra, aAne ko sarasvati dvArA svayaMvRtta likhate hai / / subhadrA caritracitraNa, kathAvarata prAdi sabhI dRSTiyoM se to unakI nATikA likhane kI kSamatA kI kasauTI parIkSaNa karane para hasti malla ke nATaka khare hai| sa / nATakoM meM nAyaka nAyikA paraspara meM eka utarate haiM / unake na TakoM kA kavitva kara' na kI dusare ke prati anurakta hote haiN| kramazaH unake anunavIna udbhAvanAyeM aura sundara sUktiyAM to rAga kA vika sa hotA hai / unake paraspara milana sahRdayoM ko avazya aAkarSita kreNgii| meM kucha bAdhAyeM pAtI haiM, una bAdhAoM ke dUra ho jAne para nAyaka nAyikA kA sthAnI milana ho hastimalla ke cAroM nATakoM ko eka tulanA- jAnA yahI cAroM nATakoM kA krama hai| phrAMsisI smaka dRSTi se dekheM to aisA pratIta hogA ki ve , ___ alocaka bUnelare ke anusAra nATaka kA AdhAra do eka sI prakriyA para likhe gaye hoN| unameM se tIna icchA zaktiyoM kA dvandva hai / ye do icchA zaktiyAM kA maMgalAcaraNa magaNa se prArambha humA hai jo lakSmI prApti kI lipsA aura vikrAMta kaurava kA do prakAra kI ho sakatI haiN| kisI eka vyakti kI maMgalAcaraNa nagaNa se prArambha huaA hai jo Ayu do icch| proM kA dvandva ho sakatA hai jaise subhadrA kAmanA kA dyotaka hai| inake cAroM nATakoM kA nATikA meM rAjA bharata rAnI vailAtI ko bhI praganda mukhya rasa zRMgara hai jinameM antima kArya nAyaka rakhanA cAhate haiM aura subhadrA se bhI sneha karanA nAyikA kA vaivAhika sambandha dvArA sthAyI milana cAhate haiM / vikrAnta kaurava meM jayakuma ra aura arkahai / pratyeka nATaka paivAhika kArya ke bAda pUrNa ho kIrti donoM sulocanA ko ca hate haiN| yahAM do jAtA hai / kevala ajanA pavagaMjaya nATaka meM ajanA vyaktiyoM kI eka vastu kI icchA zakti ke kAraNa pavanaM jaya kA vivAha prathama aka meM hI ho jAtA dvandva hai / aMjanA pavana jaya meM pavanaMjaya eka ora hai / usameM unakA putra sahita sthAyI milana ho saMgrAma kA kartavya bhI pAlana karanA cAhate haiM jAne para nATaka kI samApti ho jAtI hai| unameM dUsarI ora svayaM tathA patnI aMjanA ke eka bhI vikrAMta kaurava meM svayaMvara vidhi ke pazcAt dUsare se vikta rahane ke kaSTa kA pratikAra karanA vivAha hotA hai / ajanA pavanaMjaya meM svayaMvara kI cAhate haiM / isa prakAra eka hI vyakti kI do iccha sUcanA hai aura svayaMvara kA abhinaya hI mukhya zaktiyoM kA dvandva hai / maithilI kalyANa nATaka meM svayaMvara kA pratIka hai, kyoMki purANa ke anusAra rAma sItA ko zIghra pAnA cAhate haiM aura sItA aMjanA kA svayaMvara nahIM huA thA / maithilI rAma ko zIdhra pa nA cAhatI hai jabaki pitA janaka kalyANa nATaka meM dhanubhaMga kA sAhasa dikhAne vAlA sItA kA pati hogA ise prakArAntara se yoM kaha sabhA bhUmi meM dhanuSa ke bala parIkSaNa ke pazcAt sakate haiM sItA usa vara ko varaNa karegI jo dhanubhaMga sItA pradAna karane kA niyama le cuke haiN| isa karake apanA zaurya prakaTa kregaa| isa prakAra unake prakAra kI ar3acana se TakarAkara ghaTanA meM dvandva tInoM nATaka svayaMbara se sambandhita haiM jinase utpanna ho jAtA hai / isa dvandva ke kendra para pahucane kanyAyoM kI acchI sAmAjika sthiti pratIta hotI para sabhI naTakoM meM una bAdhAnoM para vijaya prApta hai / unako svayaMvara itanA priya hai ki ve svayaMvara ho jAtI hai aura nAyaka nAyikA kA abhISTa milana kA sUtrapAta karane vAle mahArAjA akampana kI ho jAtA hai / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-81

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prema siddhAnta kI dRSTi se bhI yahI saraNI isa prakAra samajhanA cAhie ki premaparaka yA zRMgAraparaka nATakoM meM aise do pAtroM ko jinheM zrAge calakara premI yugala banAnA abhipreta hotA hai prathama darzana meM prakRSTa dikhAyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra anurAgodaya kA phala prAdhunika yuga meM maMgalamaya aura amaMgalamaya donoM taraha kA mAnA jAtA hai kintu prAdarzavAdI vicAradhArA yaha hai kizuddha caritra vAlA prema jisameM vAsanA kI prabalatA na samAI ho aura pUrva saMskAroM kI AdhyAtmika preraNA ho to prathama darzana kA prema kramazaH vikasita hokara bAdhAoM para vijaya pAkara anta meM maMgalamaya hI hogA / hastimalla ke cAroM nATakoM meM hama prema ke isI udaya, vikAsa aura maMgala ko dekhate haiM / maithilI kalyANa meM sItA aura rAma kA anurAga dolAgRha kI bheMTa meM, vikrAnta kaurava meM sulocanA aura jayakumAra kA prathama anurAga nagara devatA yAtrA yA gaMgAtIrodyAna meM, subhadrA nATikA ke bharata aura subhadrA kA anurAga vedIvana ke paraspara darzana ke bAda tathA aMjanA pavanaMjaya nATaka ke nAyaka-nAyikA kA anurAgodaya vivAha ke pUrva mandAra vana meM paraspara darzana se huvA thA / rAma ke milana meM dhanubhaMga kI ghaTanA nirvAha, aMjanA se milana meM pavanaMjaya kA rAvaNa kI sahAyatArtha yuddha meM vyasta rahanA, yuddha samApta ho jAne taka aMjanA kA nirvAsana, vikrAnta kaurava meM sulocanA ke icchuka rAjAnoM dvArA upasthita kiye gaye saMgrAma aura subhadrA nATikA meM devI vailAtI kI anukUlatA kA prabhAva ye nAyikA nAyaka ke milana kI bAdhAyeM thIM / una nATakoM ke nAyaka apane kAryoM dvArA yA sahAyakoM dvArA bAdhAoM para vijaya pAkara abhISTa lAbha karate haiM / isa prakAra sUkSma rIti se cAroM nATakoM ko eka mArga kA anusaraNa karatA huA pAte haiM / 2-82 maithilI kalyANa nATaka ke nAyaka rAma, vikrAnta kaurava ke kauravezvara jayakumAra, subhadrA ke nAyaka bharata aura ajanA pavanaMjaya meM vimba prati bimba bhAva ekasA pAte haiM / sI prakAra unakI nAyikA sItA, sulocanA, subhadrA aura prajanA bhI cAritrika sAmya hai| sItA kI sakhI vinItA, sulocanA, kI sakhI navamAlikA, subhadrA kI sakhI maMdArikA aura prajanA kI sakhI basantamAlA ke kAryoM kI tulanA bhalI prakAra ho sakatI hai / maithilI kalyANa kA vidUSaka gAgaraNa, vikrAnta kaurava kA vidUSaka saudhAtaki, subhadrA kA vidUSaka kArtyAyana aura aMjanA pavanaMjaya ke vidUSaka praha sita meM bhI sAmya dekha sakate haiM / subhadrA aura maithilI kalyANa ke vidUSakoM kI kathana praNAlI bhI samAna pratIta hotI haiM / " triyoga varNana ke lie prakRti ke varNana meM zrIjanA pavanaMjaya ( pRSTha 41 ), vikrAnta kaurava (paMcama ka) maithilI kalyANa (caturtha pra ka ) meM isa prakAra sabhI meM candrodaya kA varNana hone para bhI navIna kalpanAoM aura navIna zailI meM hai / aMjanA pavanaMjaya nATaka meM prathama bhraMka meM madhukArikA zraura basantamAlA bhaviSya meM hone vAle svayaMvara kA abhinaya karatI haiM isa prakAra isameM abhinaya ke bhItara bhI eka abhinaya hai / isI prakAra maithilI kalyANa nATaka meM sItA vinItA rAma aura vidUSaka kI bhUtakAla kI eka ghaTanA kA abhinaya karatI hai / subhadrA nATikA meM bAlAzoka ko mAlatIlatA pradAna karane kI ghaTanA ko bharata ko subhadrA kA dAna kA abhinaya samajhanA cAhie | vikrAnta kaurava zrora maithilI kalyANa donoM nATakoM ke bharata vAkya ratnatraya (samyadarzana, samyajJAna aura samyak cAritra) dhAraNa karane kI preraNA mahAvIya jayantI smArikA 78

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karate haiM / dUsarI ora subhadrA nATikA aura vikrAnta kaurava donoM ke maMgalAcaraNa meM bhagavAna AdinAtha ko smaraNa kiyA gayA hai| cAroM hI nATakoM meM manuSyoM ke sAtha vidyAdharoM kA bhI ullekha hai / itanA hI nahIM katipaya chanda eka dUsare nATakoM meM hI haiM / " ye samAna chanda apane apane sthAna para isa prakAra ke prasaMgoM meM ullikhita haiM jisase aisA prabhAva nahIM hotA hai ki dUsare nATaka se lekara isameM jor3e gaye hoM / sabhI nATakoM kI kathA vastu jaina purANoM se uddhRta hai aura ina sabhI nATakoM kI kathA carita kathA ke antargata AtI hai / 10 cAroM nATakoM kI ina aneka pArasparika samAnatA ke rahate hue cAroM kI kathA vastu bhinna-bhinna haiM aura unake kramika vikAsa kA DhaMga 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa - baladeva upAdhyAya pRSTha 601; 602 saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa pRSTha 359 khyAtaH pUrvaM jagati samaro matkRte bhUpatInAm / kAJcit kanyAM prati raNamidaM tadyazo me pramASTi // ityudbhUtAt prakRti sulabhAt strISu sApatnyavairAt kvA'pi kSoNI dhanatimirarajazchadmanA gacchatIva / vikrAnta kaurava 84 / 32 sarasvatyA devyA zruti yugAvataM satvamayate / sudhyA satrI cInA trijagati yadIyA subhaNitiH // kavIndrANAM cetaH kuvalaya samullAsana vidhau // kaurava nAma rUpakam | pRSTha 3, 1 zarajjyotsnAlIlAM kalayati manohAri racanA || vikrAnta kaurava 3/5 asti kila sarasvatI svayaMvara vallabhena hastimalla nAmnA - mahAkavitallajaina viracitaM vikrAnta 2 alaga-alaga hai | nATakoM ke par3hate yA dekhate samaya ina samAnatAoM kI prora dhyAna hI nahIM jAtA hai / nATaka kI parakha pRSTha 21 prasAda ke nATakoM kA zAstrIya adhyayana pRSTha 259 1 (ka) vikrAnta kaurava 142 / 75, (kha) vikrAnta kaurava 141 /74, 3 (ga) vikrAnta kaurava 63 /53, 4 - (gha) vikrAnta kaurava 140 / 73, 1 inake nATakoM ke adhyayana se jaina dharma ke katipaya siddhAntoM tathA anya bAtoM ke paricaya ke atirikta saMskRta, itihAsa, bhUgola, saMgIta ( vAdya zastra) vanaspati Adi aneka viSayoM kI jAnakArI milatI hai / nATaka apanI vividha prakAra kI sAmagrI ke kAraNa vividha prakAra kI ruci vAle ke lie vinodajanaka hotA hI hai / isalie inake nATaka bhI rocaka kathAvastu, prasAdamayI bhASA, sarala zailI aura kAvya sauSThava ke kAraNa bhinna-bhinna ruci ke vyaktiyoM ke lie zravazya hI rucikara hoMge | 10 - mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 subhadrA 15 / 33, subhadrA 62/17, subhadrA 84 / 27, maithilI kalyANa 11 / 21, 2-83

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5 - (Ga) vikrAnta kaurava 19 / 36, maithilI kalyANa 39 38, maithilI kalyANa 45 / 10, 6 - (ca) vikrAnta kaurava 46, 6, sAhitya ( vihAra hindI sAhitya sammelana, paTanA ) varSa 12 aMka 2, lekha-jaina AgamoM meM kathA sAhitya kA vargIkaraNa le. zrI jJAnacanda, samavAyAMga sUtra meM kathAyeM do prakAra kI batAI gaI haiM / (1) carita aura (2) kalpita / carita se tAMtparya saccI kahAniyoM se hai / 10. nATyaM bhinnarucajanasya bahudhApyekaM samArAdhanam ( mAlavikAgnimitra ) eka satya kA hAtha bahuta hai 9. 2-84 sau-sau pIr3A-zara sahane ko eka tumhArA pyAra bahuta hai eka kirana ho, lAkha andherA jIne kA AdhAra bahuta hai, 115, sarAphA vArDa jabalapura - 2 (ma. pra. ) sAre jaga ko ThukarAne do eka tumhArA dvArA bahuta hai hIre motI chala jAne do phUloM vAlA hAra bahuta hai * zrI bhavAnIzaMkara lagA rahe dharatI para paharA ur3ane ko zrAkAza bahuta hai banda havAeM ho jAne do paMkhoM para vizvAsa bahuta hai tIkhe zUloM para calane ko prANa, tumhArA sAtha bahuta hai jhUThI duniyA se lar3ane ko eka satya kA hAtha bahuta hai mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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CCC vaidika sampradAya meM jahAM rAma viSNu ke avatAra maryAdA puruSottama ke rUpa meM pUjya haiM vahAM jainoM ne bhI apane 63 mahApuruSoM meM unakI naraganA kI hai tathA unheM siddha mAnA hai / eka Adarza rAjA ke rUpa meM to unakI khyAti bhArata ke jana-jana meM hai hI prataH pratyeka bhAratIya dharma ke anuyAyiyoM dvArA unakA jIvana caritra likhA gayA hai| jainoM ne zrIrAma kA yazogAna kiyA hai: kintu jainoM ke rAma aura vaidika rAma meM mukhya bheda yaha hai ki jahAM vaidikoM ke rAma ne bhagavAna hokara manuSya rUpa meM avatAra grahaNa kiyA vahAM jainoM ke rAma sAmAnya mAnava ke rUpa meM janme aura apanI sAdhanA ke bala para bhagavAna bane / donoM dvArA rAma ke caritra citraNa meM aura bhI kaI dRSTibheda kucha kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana vidvAn lekhaka ne kiyA hai| haiM jinameM se apanI isa racanA meM prastuta - polyAkA vAlmIki rAmAyaNa aura jaina rAmakathA jainoM ke tripaSTizalAkA puruSoM meM caubIsa thaMkaroM ke alAvA 12 cakravartI, 9 baladeva, 9 sudeva tathA 9 prativAsudeva hote haiM / jaina mAnyatA mutAbika rAma pravarAriNI ke 63 zalAkA puruSoM 18 veM baladeva, lakSmaNa aSTama vAsudeva tathA rAvaNa vAsudeva haiM / jaina dharma bhI rAmakathA se zrotaprota hai / jaina mpasa kA zrIgaNeza vimalasUri ke prAkRta grantha hama cariya' se hotA hai / parantu yaha sarvathA nizcita ki vimalasUri ke samaya hindU rAmakathA kA rUpa vikasita tathA sambaddhita ho cukA thA / vastutaH ma kathA ko suvikasita tathA susthApita karane kA varNa zreya Adi kavi vAlmIki ko hai / DA0 (prAna dI rAmAyaNa ) tathA dinezacandra sena (baMgAlI rAmAyaMsa ) ne bauddha jAtakoM kI rAma vIra jayantI smArikA 78 DAkTara lakSmInArAyaNa dube sAgara vi0 vi0, sAgara Far ko vAlmIki se pUrva mAnA thA parantu aba isa abhimata kI nissAratA pramANita ho cukI hai / vAlmIki ke AdhAra para 'mahAbhArata' kA rAmopAkhyAna huA aura tadanaMtara jaina isa kSetra meM Aye / jaina sAdhu-paramparA meM bhI rAmakathA kA rUpa vidya mAna thA / vimalasUri (vi0sa0 60 ) tathA raviSeNAcArya (vi0 saM0 733 ) jaina rAmakathA ke do mahAn purodhA the / svayambhU ( grAThavIM zatAbdI IsA ) bhI raviSeNAcArya se prabhAvita hue the / jaina rAmakathA kA eka pravAha guNabhadrAcArya ke 'uttara purANa' meM bhI milatA hai / isa kathA meM dazaratha vArANasI ke rAjA the / sItA maMdodarI kI putrI thI / lakSmaraNa eka asAdhya roga se grasita hokara svargavAsI hue the / svayambhU ke 'pauma cariu' meM devatAnoM ko rAma-lakSmaNa 2-85

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ke paraspara prema se IrSyA hotI hai aura lakSmaNa kI vAlmIki aura tulasI rAma ko vana yAtrAmeM kahIM, parIkSA ke lie koI devatA rAma kI mRtyu kI tairate nahIM batAte parantu 'pauma cariya' meM rAma banaghoSaNA kara detA hai jisake kAraNa lakSmaNa zarIra sthita bhayaMkara nadI ko taira kara pAra karate haiM / tyAga dete haiM / guNabhadra meM vAlmIki rAmAyaNa ke citrakUTa ko jaina rAmakathA meM garimA nahIM milii| dhanuSa yajJa, kaikayI haTha, rAma-vanavAsa, paMcavaTI, rAma-lakSmaNa tathA sItA kA vanavAsa tathA kriyAkadaNDaka vana, jaTAyu, sUrpaNakhA, khara dUSaNa, sItA lApa vimalasUri meM vAlmIki se sarvathA vaibhinnya apavAda Adi sandarbho kI carcA nahIM hai| kI sthiti rakhatA hai| vAlmIki rAmAyaNa kA sItA haraNa paMcavaTI meM hotA hai parantu jaina rAmakathA meM guNabhadra kI rAmakathA digambara sampradAya kI daNDaka vana meM / bAli jaina dIkSA letA hai / 'pauma zobhA hai parantu vimalasUri digambara- zvetAmbara cariya' meM rAma-rAvaNa yuddha meM sItA kA bhAI bhAmaNDala donoM meM mAnya hai / svayambhU vimala tathA ravi, donoM bhI rAma kI madada ke lie vAhinI sahita pAtA hai| kI rAmakathA ko apanA AdhAra banAte haiN| rAvaNa kA vadha rAma na karake lakSmaNa ke hAthoM vimalasUri ne vAlmIki kI rAmakathA meM bar3A usakA vadha hotA hai| vahAM ke lavakuza yahAM anaMgaparivartana lA diyA hai / katipaya prasaMga tathA pAtroM lavaNa tathA madanAMkuza haiN| nArada donoM kathAnoM meM kA nAmonizAna nahIM milatA / aneka maulika taro-tAjagI ke sAtha vartamAna hai / udbhAvanAeM tathA prasaMga samAviSTa ho gaye haiN| vidyAdhara, rAkSasa tathA vAnaroM ke prati jaina vimalasari ko hindanoM kI paurANika kathAnoM, dRSTikoNa hindunoM kI rAmakathA kI apekSatayA adhika dhArmika kriyAkalApoM tathA RSiyoM-muniyoM se saro- udAra evaM sahAnubhUtipUrNa hai| 'pauma cariya' ke kAra nahIM / unameM vaziSTha, vizvAmitra tathA RSi paccIsaveM uddezaka aura 'pauma cariu' kI bIsavIM zRga kI carcA nahIM hai / vAlmIki ke rAma mithilA saMdhi meM rAmakathA kA zubhArambha hai| donoM meM vidyAke mArga meM tAr3akA kA vadha karate haiM parantu 'pum| dhara-rAkSasa-vAnara ke vaMzoM ke varNanoM ke vistArapUrvaka cariya' meM isakA koI satra nahIM miltaa| rAma- mahatva milA hai / 'rAmAyaNa' vidyAdhara ko devayoni parazurAma samvAda, zravaNa kA AkhyAna, maMtharA mAnatI hai parantu 'pauma cariya' mAnava / jainoM ne kaikayI-samvAda, svarNamaga prasaMga aura setabaMdha ke inako eka mAnava kula kI vividha praNAkhAnoM ke varNanoM kA yahAM abhAva hai / rUpa meM dekhA parakhA hai| vAlmIki rAmAyaNa ke kucha sandarbho ko vimala- vimalasUri kI yaha navIna prasaMgodbhAvanA hai sUri thor3e parivarddhana ke sAtha svIkAra karate haiN| ki rAma-janma ke pUrva, dazaratha tathA janaka eka sAtha vAlmIki ke rAma, kauzalyA tathA zUrpaNakhA vimala- dezATana karate haiM / vimalasUri aneka gauNa kathAoM sUri meM Akara padma, aparAjitA tathA candranakhA ko janma dete haiM yathA vajrakarNa, kapila, ativIrya, bana jAtI haiN| vAlmIki nahIM apitu vimalasUri vanamAlA, rAmagiri aadi| lakSmaNa koTizilA uThA sItA svayaMyara racate haiN| vidyAdhara rAjAnoM ne vAnaroM meM zakti kA saMcAra karate haiM / rAma-sugrIva lakSmaNa ko aTThAraha kanyAoM se vivAhita kiyaa| tathA bAli-sugrIva ke prasaMga meM sAhasagati vidyAdhara jaina rAmakathAnoM meM rAma kI ATha hajAra patniyoM kI kalpanA vimalasUri kA maulika sRjana hai / tathA lakSmaNa kI saulaha hajAra rAniyoM kA vivaraNa milatA hai| aMta meM sItA sarvagupta nAmaka muni se dIkSA mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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grahaNa karatI hai / DA0saMkaTAprasAda upAdhyAya ne likhA hai ki vAlmIkIya rAmakathA kA pravAha isa prakAra vimalasUri ke hAthoM aneka pariSkAroM- tiraskAroM evaM grAviSkAroM ke mArga se hotA hugrA apanI carama pariragati ko prApta hotA hai / brAhmaNa paramparA se pratyeka vilagAva sAbhiprAya hai aura vaha abhiprAya hai sabhI mukhya pAtroM kA jaina honA dikhAnA / isake atirikta AdhikArika kathA ke bIca-bIca meM jo jaina dharma, zikSA, sRSTi - vyAkhyA, sAdhu-dharma, vRttAta, karma - siddhAnta, jaina- karmakANDa vivecana milatA hai, vaha saba vimala kI prasUta navInatA hai / DA0 hIrAlAla jaina saMskRti meM jaina dharma kA yogadAna) kA vicAraNIya hai ki rAma aura lakSmaNa tathA kRSNa pUrvabhava mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 Adi kA kalpanA se (bhAratIya abhimata aura baladeva ke prati janatA kA pUjyabhAva rahA hai va unheM avatAra - puruSa mAnA gayA hai| jainiyoM ne tIrthakaroM ke sAtha-sAtha inheM bhI tresaTha zalAkA puruSoM meM AdaraNIya sthAna dekara apane purANoM meM vistAra se unake jIvana-carita kA varNana kiyA hai / jo loga jaina -purANoM ko halakI aura uthalI dRSTi se dekhate haiM, ve isa bAta para haMsate haiM ki ina purANoM meM mahApuruSoM ko jaina matAvalambI mAnA gayA hai va kathAoM meM vyartha heraphera kie gaye haiM / unakI dRSTi isa bAta para nahIM jAtI ki kitanI zrAtmIyatA se unheM apane bhI pUjya banA liyA gayA hai aura isa prakAra apane tathA anya dharmo, deza bhAiyoM kI bhAvanA kI rakSA kI hai / 2-87

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oMkAraM bindu saMyukta.... *zrI nandakizora jaina ema0 e0 sampAdaka-"jJAnakIti" cauka, lakhanaU bindu yukta proMkAra jise, yogI jana nita prati dhyAte haiM / jisakI bhakti prasAda bhavyajana, kAma mokSa sukha pAte haiM / / jisakI guru, gambhIra, nirantara, dhvani sUna pApa nasAte hai| jaga ke adha-prakSAlaka ko hama, savinaya zIza navAte haiM / (2) REE 888888888888888 jisakI mahimA sura, nara gAte, tIrtha samAna bakhAnI hai / munIzvaroM se pUjita aisI, sarasvatI jina bAnI hai / / dUra kareM ajJAna adherI, prAMjeM jJAna salAI jyoM / mohita, banda nayana jo kholeM, vaMdana aise guruvara ko / / (3) sakala kaluSa vidhvaMsa kare jo, patha kalyANa dikhAtA hai| dharma samanvita zAstra vahI, mana bhavya-janoM ke bhAtA hai| vaktA, zrotA ubhaya pakSa ko, aru jo zAstra pradAtA hai / puNya prakAzaka, pApa praNAzaka, jina-vAragI sukhadAtA hai / girI sama zrI sarvajJa deva mukha, mala rUpa se AI hai / gagAdhara puni prati gaNadharAdi, granthoM kI dhAra bahAI hai / / aisI patita pAvanI mAtA, sabako gale lagAtI hai / sAvadhAna ho sunie priyavara, zAnti hRdaya sarasa to hai / / (5) maMgala kAraka mahAvIra prabhu, gautama gaNadhara malala ruup| kareM kudakudAdika maMgala, maMgala dA jina dharma anUpa / / yaha maMgala cita lAte satvara, pApa sabhI gala jAte haiM / karate haiM kalyANa jIva kA, saMkaTa sabhI nazAte haiM / isIlie to saba dharmo meM, sarva pradhAna bakhAnA hai / jayatu-jayatu jaya jaya jina zAsana, sukha aru zA~ti khajAnA hai / / 2-88 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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(NNISIS Jiang Jiang Zi Xin __ prAyaH aisA samajhA jAtA hai ki musalamAna zAsaka mUrtiyoM ke aura vaha bhI digambara jaina mUrtiyoM tathA digambara sAdhuoM ke vizeSakara kaTTara virodhI the| unhoMne hajAroM jaina maMdiroM aura mUrtiyoM kA vidhvaMsa kiyA thA, yaha bAta itihAsa se siddha bhI hai kintu isakA dUsarA pakSa bhI hai jo aba taka prAyaH apracArita rahA hai / prastuta racanA muslima zAsakoM dvArA jainoM, unake dharma tathA prAyatanoM ke prati baratI gaI sahAnubhUtiyoM aura una para jaina dharma ke prabhAva kA aitihAsika vivecana prastuta karatI hai| dhArmika sahiSNutA ke pracAra prasAra ke lie, jisakI ki vartamAnakAla meM atIva AvazyakatA hai, aisI racanAoM kA mahatva svayaMsiddha hai| -polyAkA muslima rAjya meM jaina dharma . zrI digambaradAsa jaina, eDavokeTa, sahAranapura The Muslim Emperors, who are known for their cruel behaviour, were also influenced by the flowless nolle lives of Jaina Acharyas, Jain Saints and Jain teachings. Jain Acharyas by theii character, attainments and scholarship commanded respect of even Mohammac'en sovereigns like Allaudin and Aurangzeb. --Prof. Ramaswami Ayanger; Studies in South Indian Jainism, Vol. II, Page 132. 1. gaurI vaMza (1175-1206 I0) ke 2. gulAma baMNa (1206-1290 I0) ke mohammada gaurI ke rAjya-kAla meM nagna jaina sAdhu rAjya kAla meM mUlasaMgha senagaNa ke prAcArya durlabhabhArI saMkhyA meM binA kisI roka-Toka ke bhare sena Adi digambara jaina sAdhu vinayapUrvaka vihAra bAjAroM meM vihAra karate the| unakI nagnatA kA karate the| kutabuddIna (1206-1210 I0) para mohammada gaurI para itanA adhika prabhAva par3A thA jainAcArya jinaprabhasUri kI madhura va prabhAvazAlI ki una kI begama ko bhI nagna jaina sAdhuoM ke vANI kA bar3A prabhAva thA / itihAsaratna zrI darzanoM kI abhilASA huI / mohammada gaurI ne nagna agaracanda nAhaTA ke zabdoM meM rjanAcArya jinaprabhadigambara jainAcArya ko apanI rAjya sabhA meM bulA sUri ne kutabudIna ko pratibodha diyA / pANDu deza ke kara una kA bar3A sammAna kiyA / / jaina rAjA samarasiMha ko sasaMgha jaina tIrthoM kI yAtrA mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-89

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kA rAjya-pharamAna diyA aura jaba vaha vizAla bar3A Adara satkAra karate the| rAjya TakasAla kA saMgha yAtrA se vApasa lauTA to kutubuddIna ne adhikArI bhI jaina thA / 15 jisa ke prabhAva se alAinakA bar3A Adara-sammAna kiyA / nAsiruddIna uddIna ne 32 rAjya pharamAnoM dvArA jainadharma kI (1246-1266 I0) ke rAjyakAla meM jainAcArya prabhAvanA kii|16 rAjAjJA dvArA alAuddIna ne jaina padamadeva kI bhaviSyavANI se ki agale 3 sAloM meM muniyoM ko aneka prakAra kI suvidhA dI aura jaina bhArata meM atyanta bhayAnaka akAla par3ane vAlA hai, tIrtha sthAnoM para jIva hatyA na karane ke Adeza kaccha deza ke jaina seTha jagaDu zAha ne janatA ke hita jArI kie 117 ina pharamAnoM kI pratilipiyAM Aja ke lie itanA adhika anAja karor3oM rupayoM kA bhI nAgoda aura kohalApura ke bhaTTArakoM ke pAsa kharIdA ki samasta bhArata ke 215 nagaroM meM bar3I surakSita hai / 18 mevAr3a ke mahArANA hamIrasiMha jaina vizAla bhojana zAlAeM khulavAI jahAM se pratidina 5 dharma apanAte the / ve itane yoddhA aura vIra the ki lAkha vyaktiyoM ko binA jAMta-pAMta ke bheda ke vinA alAuddIna ko unake deza para una ke jIvana kAla mUlya bhojana milatA thA / gujarAta, sindha, mivAr3a, meM AkramaNa karane kI himmata na par3a sakI aura kandhAra, mAlavA, kAzI Adi dezoM ke rAjAoM ko unase mitratA kara lii| hI nahIM balki dillI ke samrAT nAsiruddIna ko 62 lAkha 10 hajAra mana anAja diyA / vaha usakA 4. tugalaka vaMza ke gayAsuddIna tugalaka (1320mUlya dene lagA to inkAra kara diyaa| valabana 1325 I0) para jaina seTha harU ke putra rAya pati (1266-1290 I0) ke do rAjya mantrI jaina the| kA jo eka uttama zrAvaka vrati jaina thA, bar3A jinake nAma sura aura vIra the| isa ke rAjya-kAla prabhAva thA, jinako gayAsuddIna ne samasta bhArata ke meM aneka tIrthakaroM kI mUrtiyAM pratiSThita aura jaina tIrthoM kI sasaMgha yAtrA kA hI pharamAna nahIM diyA mandiroM meM bar3I dhUma-dhAma se sthApita huii| balki prAnta rAjyoM ko bhI Adeza diyA ki jahAM jahAM jaina saMgha jAve inako pUrA sahayoga diyA jAve 3. khilajI vaMza kA suprasiddha samrATa alA- aura isa bAta kA dhyAna rakhA jAve ki unake saMgha uddIna khilajI (1296-1316 I0) jaina sAdhunoM kI yAtrA meM kisI prakAra kA bhaMga na par3ane paave| ke AcaraNa aura jJAna se bar3A prabhAvita thaa| gayAsuddIna ne jaina bhaTTAraka mallibhUSaNa kA apanI digambara jaina AcArya mahAsena kI suprasiddhi sunakara rAjya - sabhA meM bulA kara bar3A Adara sammAna usane unheM apanI rAjya-sabhA meM bulaayaa| unake kiyA / mohammada tugalaka (1325-1351 I0) jJAna aura AcaraNa se prabhAvita hokara apanA ne jaina prAcArya siMha kIrti ko apanI rAjya sabhA mastaka nagna prAcArya mahAsena ke caraNoM meM jhukaayaa| meM bulAkara bar3A sammAnita kiyA thaa| inhoMne alAuddIna ne zvetAmbara jainAcArya rAmacandra kA bhI usa kI rAjya sabhA meM bauddha Adi aneka dharmoM ke bar3A sammAna kiyA / 10 sultAna alAuddIna khilajI vidvAnoM para vAda meM vijaya prApta kI thI / DA. ne digambara AcArya dhrata vIra svAmI ke bhI darzana vAsudeva zaraNa agravAla ke anusAra mohammada tugalaka kie 11 alAuddIna kI rAjya-sabhA meM rAgho cetana ke ne jainiyoM ko na kevala tIrthoM kI yAtrAoM balki sAtha nagna prAcArya mahAsena kA vAda huvA / ' alA- jaina naye mandiroM ke23 banavAne aura prAcIna uddIna ke khajAJcI aura ratnaparIkSaka ThAkura aura mandiroM ke jIrNoddhAra kI sahuliyateM dii| jainAcArya pherU jaina aNuvratI zrAvaka the / 1 alAuddIna kA nagara jinaprabha sUri kA sultAna para bar3A prabhAva thA / seTha pUrNa canda bhI jaina dharmI thA jisakA sultAna inhoMne apanA suprasiddha itihAsa "vividha tIrtha 2.90 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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kalpa" inhIM ke rAjya-kAla meM racA 24 | aura inako zAha (1421-1430 I0) kA rAjya mantrI sAha jaina prabhAvanA ke aneka pharamAna diye| jainAcArya hemarAja jaina dharmI thA jisa ne samrATa kI AjJA se prabhAcandra kA bhI mohammada zAha tugalaka para bar3A eka bhavya jaina mandira banavAyA aura aneka tIrthaprabhAva thA / inhoMne bhI isa ke rAjya-kAla meM aneka karoM kI jaina mUrtiyAM pratiSThita karAkara usameM bar3hI mahAna prabhAvazAlI jaina graMtha race 26 | phirojazAha dhUmadhAma se virAjamAna kraaii| tathA samasta 24 tugalaka (1351 - 1388 I0) ne digambara jaina tIrthaMkaroM ke prativimba yukta pASANapaTTa nirmANa sAdhuaoM ke tapa-tyAga, jJAna tathA AcaraNa kI karAye / hastinApura Adi aneka tIrtha yAtrAoM ke prasiddhi sunakara unheM na kevala apanI rAjya-sabhA meM AjJA-patra jArI kiye / jaina muni yazaH kIrti Adi balki apane rAjamahala meM sAdara bulaayaa| isakI ne sthAna-sthAna para vihAra kara ke jaina dharma kA pracAra begama ne bhI jaina muni ke darzana kiye27 / deza, kAla kiyA / pANDava purANa Adi aneka mahAna jaina aura kSetra kA vicAra karate huye jainAcArya ne apane granthoM kI racanA aura prAcIna jaina mandiroM kA eka ziSya ko laMgoTI lagAkara rAjya sabhA meM jAne jIrNoddhAra samasta bhAratavarSa meM humA / kA prAdeza diyA aura svayaM tapasyArtha nirjana bana meM 6. lodhI vaMza ke suprasiddha samrATa bahalola cale gaye / isa prakAra vaha pahalA bhaTTAraka huvA / lodhI (1451-1489 I0) para di0 jaina AcArya usane isa kA prAyazcita liyA phira bhI usa samaya jinacandra (1450-1518 I0) kA bar3A prabhAva se bhaTTArakoM kI eka nayI sampradAya pracalita ho gaI28 / hAlAMki ve sadA jaina dharma kI prabhAvanA thA jinhoMne isake rAjya-kAla meM aneka tIrthakaroM aura jaina siddhAntoM kA pAlana karate rhe| mo0 kI pratimAyeM tathA samasta 24 tIrthakaroM kI mUrtiyoM zAha tugalaka (1388-1394 I0) para bhI jainA.. ke paTa nirmANa karAkara aneka jaina mandiroM meM virAjamAna karAye35 / sikandara lodhI para di. cArya jina prabhasUri kA bar3A prabhAva thaa| una ke jaina prAcArya prabhAcandra kA bar3A prabhAva thA36 jisa rAjya-koSa meM bha0 mahAvIra kI mUrti thI30 / vaha ke kAraNa inake rAjyakAla meM 24 tIrthakaroM kI usane prAcArya mahArAja ko bheMTa kii| isa vicAra se ki sUri jI mahArAja ko dUra se paidala Ane meM mUrtiyAM pratiSThita hokara jaina mandiroM meM sthApita haI aura jaina dharma prabhAvanA ke aneka kArya hae / kaSTa hotA hogA samrATa mo0 zAha ne apane mahala di0 jainAcArya vizAla-kIrti kA sikandara lodhI ne ke nikaTa sarakArI kharce se jainiyoM ke lie bhaTTAraka bar3A sammAna kiyaa| nagna jaina38 sAdhu binA kisI sarAya nAma bastI banavA kara tathA rAjya-bhAra para roka-Toka ke ina ke rAjya meM vihAra karate the| hI jaina mandira nirmANa karA kara bha0 mahAvIra kI samrATa ke hRdaya para jaina sAdhuoM ke jJAna, tapa aura vaha mUrti jo rAjya-koSa meM thI vinayapUrvaka usa AcaraNa kA bar3A prabhAva thA / ibrAhIma lodhI mandira meM virAjamAna karA dI1 tugalaka rAjya meM (1517-1526 I0) ke rAjya kAla meM aneka tIrthaaneka tIrthakaroM kI pratimAyeM nirmita aura karoM kI mUrtiyA~ jaina mandiroM meM sthApita huii| pratiSThita hokara vizAla paMca kalyANaka utsava caudharI ToDaramala ne 1518 I0 meM mahApurANa sahita jaina mandiroM meM virAjamAna hotI rahI 32 / likhaa| vAstava meM tugalaka rAjya meM jaina dharma ko bahuta adhika svatantratA prApta thI331 7. bAbara (1526-1530 I0) jaina kavi mahAcandra kA bar3A sammAna karatA thaa| bAbara ke 5. saiyada vaMza ke suprasiddha samrAT mubArika nagara seTha sAhu, sAdhAraNa jaina the jinhoMne bAbara se mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-91

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AjJA lekara jaina mandira banavAyA aura hastinApura kAra smitha ke zabdoM meM jaina sAdhuoM ne nizcita Adi jaina tIrthoM ke lie saMgha calAyA1 | sAhujI rUpa se akabara ko varSoM taka jainadharma kI zikSA dI ke putra seTha nemidAsa ne bAbara kI AjJA se tIrthakaroM jisake kAraNa usakA AcaraNa itanA adhika badala kI agaNita pratimAyeM nirmANa karAkara paMca gayA ki saMsAra yaha samajhane lagA ki akabara jainakalyANaka utsava dvArA inakI pratiSThA karAkara aneka dharmI ho gayA / jaina tyauhAroM para jIvahatyA karane jaina mandiroM meM virAjamAna karAI 42 / vAle aparAdhI ko mRtyu daNDa ghoSita kiyA / suprasiddha itihAsakAra DA0 IzvarI prasAda ke anu8. humAyU (1530-1540 I0) ke rAjya sAra akabara dvArA svayaM mAMsa-bhakSaNa kA tyAga aura kAla meM isa yuga ke prathama tIrthakara zrI RSabhadeva prANiyoM ko kisI prakAra kA duHkha dene para roka kA prAdi purANa racA gayA jisameM unake jIvana se lagAnA kevala jaina sAdhuoM ke prabhAva kA phala thaa| sambandhita 500 citra lagabhaga 450 varSa prAcIna / svayaM akabara ke vicAra usa ke rAjya mantrI abUla citrakalA ke mahatva ko siddha karate haiN| isa sacitra phajala ne prAinA-e-akabarI meM likhate hue batAyA Apa sapa kA eka bhAta Aja mA jayapura ke hai ki aneka prakAra ke svAdiSTa bhojana aura miSTAnna terApaMthI di0 jaina mandira meM surakSita hai| suprasiddha prApta hone para bhI manuSya apane peTa ko pazuoM kI jaina vidvAna paM0 banArasIdAsa ke bAbA mUlacanda kabra banA rahA hai52 / akabara kA AcaraNa dekhakara jaina kA humAyU bar3A Adara satkAra karate the aura purtagIja pAdarI pIna herU ne jo akabara ke samaya unako jAgIra pradAna kI thI43 / bhArata kI yAtrA ko AyA thA, 3 sitambara 1595 I0 meM apane bAdazAha ko apane patra meM sUcita 9. zera zAha sUri (1540-1555 I0) ke kiyA ki akabara jaina dharma kA anuyAyI hai| rAja meM jahAM bhI corI Adi aparAdha hote the, vahAM muslima bAdazAhoM ke khajAJcI sAdhAraNa rUpa se jaina ke zAsaka dvArA mukhiyA aura kotavAla ko bhI dharmI hote rahe parantu akabara kI TakasAla kA mahAutanA hI daNDa diyA jAtA thA jitanA aparAdhI adhikArI sAha ranavIra bhI jaina thA jisa kI ko diyA jAve / isa lie isake rAjya meM janatA ImAnadArI se prasanna hokara akabara ne use bhUmi khule kivAr3a sotI thii| pizAvara se kalakatte jAgIra meM dI jisa meM usa ne eka nagara basAyA taka pakkI sar3aka banavAI jisako Ajakala G. T. aura apane nAma sAha ranabIra para usa nagara kA Road kahate haiM / pratyeka varSa paune do lAkha svarNa nAma sahAranapura rakhA / akavara kI jaina-dharma meM mudrAeM na kevala masajidoM balki mandiroM taka ko adhika zraddhA jAnane ke liye prAinA-ai-akabarI ke bheMTa detA thA aura hinduoM ko bhI bar3e bar3e padoM para tIsare bhAga kA 5 vAM adhyAya dekhiye jisakA hindI niyukta kara rakhA thaa| jaina nagna sAdhu isake anuvAda jaina sandeza ke zodhAMka dinAMka 10 akTUbara rAjya meM binA roka-Toka vihAra karate the 46 / di0 1963 ke pa0 218 se 233 dekhiye| jainAcArya vizAla kIti kA zerazAha sUri bar3A sammAna karatA thaa| isa ke rAjya kAla meM bhI 11-jahAMgIra (1605-1627 I0) ko jaina aneka tIrthakaroM kI mUrtiyAM nirmita, pratiSThita aura sAdhuoM para bar3I zraddhA thii| vaha apanI rAjya mandiroM meM virAjamAna huI / sabhA meM unakA bar3A sammAna karatA thA56 jinake prabhAva se usane jaina dharma kI prabhAvanA ke aneka .. 10. akabara mahAna (1556-1605 I0) para pharamAna jArI kiye| jaina prAcArya jinasena jaina sAdhuoM kA bar3A prabhAva thaa| suprasiddha itihAsa ko yuga pradhAna kI upAdhi pradAna kI / 2-92 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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ahamadAbAda ke nagara seTha sevA soma ne jaina le skeN| jaba musalamona namAja jora se par3a sakate mandira isake rAjya kAla meM banavAyA59 jaina haiM to hindU jora se bhajana gAne meM aparAdhI kaise ?. parva dazalakSaNa ke dasoM dina jIva hatyA banda zAhajahAM ko isa bAta kA duHkha huA ki hinduoM rahatI thI60 / zatruJjaya meM nagara seTha zAntidAsa ne ke pAsa koI mandira nahIM jisa ke kAraNa unheM 10veM tIrthakara zAntinAtha kA mandira jahAMgIra ke bhagavAna kA nAma ghara para hI lenA par3atA hai| samaya meM banavAyA thaa| 1616 I0 meM paMca usane masajida ke pAsa hI sarakArI bhUmi para rAjya kalyANaka utsava dvArA tIrthakaroM kI matiyoM kI bhAra se bhagavAna kI pUjA ke liye eka mandira pratiSThA aura sthApanA huii| banavA diyaa| zAhajahAM jaina sAdhuoM aura vidvAnoM kA bhI bar3A Adara karatA thA / jaina mahAra 12-zAhajahA~ ne (1627-1658 I0) pakkA banArasIdAsa kA usane rAjya sabhA meM musalamAna hone para bhI apane jaina senApati bulAkara bar3A sammAna kiyA thaa| ko 23 veM tIrthakara pArzvanAtha kI mUrti apane rAja-tambuproM meM rakhane kI AjJA de rakhI thI 13. auraMgajeba (1658-1707 I0) atyanta jisa kI pUjA vaha sainika kArya prArambha karane muslima pakSI bAdazAha thA parantu apane tapa, jJAna se pahale kiyA karatA thA / ahiMsA vratI hone aura AcaraNa se jaina sAdhuoM ne usakA kaThora para bhI yaha senApati itanA yoddhA aura vIra thA ki hRdaya bhI jIta liyA thA, isaliye vaha unakA zAhajahAM ne apane lAla kile ke nikaTa hI di0 upadeza sunatA thA, unakA bar3A sammAna karatA jaina lAla mandira banavAne kI prAjJA dii| vaha jaina . thaa| DA0 bInayara auraMgajeba ke rAjya kAla mandira tathA pArzvanAtha kI vaha mUrti jo usake meM bhArata kI yAtrA ko Aye the unhoMne nagna tambunoM meM birAjamAna thI isa mandira kI Aja bhI jaina sAdhunoM ko bar3e bar3e bAjAroM taka meM binA mUla nAyaka pratimA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki lAla kisI roka Toka ke vihAra karate dekhA / striyA~ mandira zAhajahAM ke samaya kA aura pArzvanAtha mUrti taka unakI bhakti karatI thii| cAndakheDI meM sikandara lodhI ke rAjyakAla kI 1491 I0 kI bhagavAna mahAvIra kA mandira, tIrthakara- mUrtiyoM pratiSThita hai| kI sthApanA tathA paMcakalyANaka pratiSThAeM auraMgajeba ke rAjya kAla meM huI68 / / auraMgajeba jaba yuvaka thA to usane eka jaina mandira ko tur3avA diyaa| zAhajahAM ko patA calA lAlamandira meM pratidina nakArA bajA karatA to usane auraMgajeba ko dhamakAyA aura rAjyabhAra thA / auraMgajeba kA khayAla thA ki usa kI AvAja para pahale jaisA hI zAnadAra maMdira banavA diyA aura usa kI nidrA meM bAdhA DAlatI hai kyoMki lAla kilA usameM aneka tIrthakaroM kI matiyAM sthApita karAI631 lAla mandira ke nikaTa thaa| usane yaha bahAnA banA zAhajahAM ne jaina dharma kI prabhAvanA meM pUrA sahayoga kara ki rAjya kAryoM meM nakAre kI AvAja se bAdhA diyaa| kucha musalamAnoM ne zAhajahA~ se phariyAda hotI hai usake banda karane kA Adeza de diyA / kI ki lAlasiMha apane ghara meM itane jora se apane AdezAnusAra nakArA nahIM bajAyA gayA phira bhI bhagavAna ke bhajana gAtA hai ki nikaTa kI masajida vaha svayaM bajatA rahA / auraMgajeba ne pUchA-nakArA meM namAja par3hane bAloM ko bAdhA hotI hai| zAhajahAM kyoM banda nahIM huA ? kotavAla ne kahA ki vajAne ne nirNaya diyA ki aisA koI kAnUna nahIM hai ki vAloM ne to banda kara diyA parantu vaha svayaM hI baja hindU masajida ke pAsa apane bhaganAna kA nAma na rahA hai| auraMgajeba ko vizvAsa na aayaa| svayaM mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2. 93

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mandira meM AyA aura binA bajAye nakArA bajane ko mohale vAloM ke duHkha ko anubhava kara ke ve turanta usane bhagavAna kA atizaya mAna apanA Adeza dehalI pahuMce aura bAdazAha salAmata ko sArA hAla vApasa le liyA aura nakArA sadA kI bhAMti bajAne sunaayaa| bAdazAha ne turanta navAba sAhiba ko kA Adeza diyA 169 1 Adeza diyA ki mohalA saMghiyAna meM masjida bana vAnA turanta banda kara do| hamane yaha bhUmi jainiyoM ... 14. mohammada zAha (1729-1748 I0) ko pradAna kara dI hai isaliye usa sthAna para jaina ke maulaviyoM ne phatavA de rakhA thA ki hadIsa ke mandira sarakArI kharca para banavAyA jaave| mandira anusAra jIva hiMsA ucita nahIM hai isaliye samrATa kI nIMva khodate huye bha0 mahAvIra kI hajAroM varSa mohammada zAha ne apane rAjya meM jIva-hiMsA banda prAcIna atyanta manojJa sAtizaya mUrti bhU-garbha se kara dI thI / 70 di0 jaina mandira khajUratalA prApta huI jo aAja taka isI mandira meM virAjamAna masjida dillI isI ke rAjya kAla meM 1741 I0 haiM / yaha vizAla mandira 1745 meM banakara taiyAra meM nirmita haA thA / 1 mohammada zAha ke kama- havA thA / sariyata vibhAga ke adhikArI prAjJAmala jaina ne isI ke rAjya kAla meM digambara jaina paMcAyatI mandira 15. AlamagIra dvi0 (1754-1764 I0) 1743 I0 meM banavAyA thA / 72 sahAranapura meM ne hakUmatarAya jaina kI suprasiddhI suna kara hisAra gulAma vaMzI muslima navAba kA rAjya thaa| yahAM ke (hariyANA prAnta) se dehalI bulAkara nagara seTha mohalA saMghiyAna meM jaina to bahuta rahate the parantu, ___ kI padavI pradAna kii| inake suputra harasukharAya jaina jaina mandira koI nahIM thaa| jainiyoM ke pratinidhi ko apanA khajAJcI bnaayaa| inakI ImAnadArI mavAba se mile aura jaina mandira banavAne kI aura rASTrIya sevAyoM se prasanna hokara prAlamagIra ne prAjJA maaNgii| navAba ne kahA ki vahA~ masjida inako "rAjA" kI upAdhi bheMTa kI aura inako apanI rAjya sabhA ke nau raloM meM sthAna diyaa| bnegii| jainiyoM ne kahA ki hamAre mohale meM eka .. lAla kile meM bAdazAha ne 9 ratnoM ke bhI musalamAna nahIM rhtaa| navAba ne uttara diyA ki isa se pApa ko kyA matalaba ? jaba sahAranapura citra aMkita karAye the una meM inakA bhI citra hai| dharmapurA dehalI kA aitihAsika vizAla jaina mandira ke hara mohale meM masjida banI huI hai to koI inhoMne ina ke rAjyakAla meM bAdazAha kI AjJA se kAraNa nahIM ki Apake mohale meM na bane / usane banavAyA thA / 74 masjida banavAnA prArambha karA diyaa| isI mohale meM hakIma ThAkuradAsa jaina rahate the jo garIba amIra 16. haidaraalI dakSiNa bhArata kA antima saba kA ilAja niHzulka karate the| unake ilAja bAdazAha thaa| bar3A kaTTara musalamAna thA parantu se mohammada zAha kI begama ko ArAma ho gayA jainiyoM kI niSpakSa deza sevAmoM se prabhAvita hokara thaa| bAdazAha ne prasanna hokara kaI grAma unheM usane tIrthaMkaroM kI mUrtiyoM kI pUjA ke kharca ke liye puraskAra meM denA cAhA parantu unhoMne nahIM liye| aneka grAma jaina mandiroM ko bheMTa kiye / 75 1. It was nudity of Jain Saints, whom Sultan found in a good number in India (ELLIOT : History of India, Vol. I P. 6) which specially attracted the attention of Muslim Sulian Mohd. Gori, who at least entertained 2-94 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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one of them, since his wife desired to see the Chief of Digamberas.--- (i) Indian Antiquary Vol. XXI P. 361. (ii) New Indian Antiquary Vol. I. P. 517. 2. vIra, Vel. IX pR0 153. 3. agaracanda nAhaTA : aitihAsika kAvya saMgraha pR0 11-13. 4-5. jaina siddhAnta bhAskara, janavarI 1941, pR0 102. 6. vistAra ke liye kisa-kisa prAnta ke kisa-kisa rAjA aura bAdazAhoM ko kitanA anAja vinA mUlya diyA dekho-kalyANa mArca 1954, pR0 105.. 7. Sur and Vir, the Jain Chiefs of Pragavator clan were the ministers of Ghyasudin (Balban)--Dr. B. A. Saletore : Karnataka Historical Review, Vol. VI Page 85 8. jaina siddhAnta bhAskara (bArA) bhAga 1 aMka 4, pR0 109. 9. Allaudin Khilji hearing fame of naked Jain Saints, called one Jain Acharya Maha Sen appeared in his Darbar and held religious discussions with his adversaries. THE SULTAN BENT his head before his profound learning and asceticism.-Jain Sidhant Bhaskar Vcl. I Part IV, P. 109. 10. Allaudin honoured Svetamber Jain Acharya Ram Chandra. --Per Jainismis (Berlin) P. 66. 11. Allaudin also meet with Digamber Saint Shruti Vir Swami-Jain Sidhant Bhaskar Vol. I Part II P. 5. 12. anekAnta, aprela 1972, pR0 46. 13-18. jaina siddhAnta bhAskara bhAga 1 aMka 4, pR0 109, 19. agaracanda nAhaTA va bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA : zaMkaradAna zubha, pR0 16. 20. bhaTTAraka sampradAya (zolApura) prastAvanA, pR0 22. 21. It is evident from the Padmavati Basti Stone inscriptin & Humsa (Mysore) that Sultan Mohd. Tuglaq entertained Karnataka Jain Guru Sinh-Kirti,-Dr. Kamta Pd; The Religion of Tirthankaras (Aliganj) P. 511. 22. Jain Acharya Sinh--Kirti, the great logician won renown in the Court of Delhi Sultan Mohd. Tuglag. The Jain Teacher is expressly stated to have defeated Buddha & other speakers in the Delhi Court-Media evel Jain Page 371. 23. agara canda nAhaTA kRta "zAsana prabhAvaka zrI jinaprabha sUri". 24. jaina siddhAnta bhAskara, varSa 15, pR0 29 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-95

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25 (i) bhaTTAraka sampradAya (zolApura) prastAvanA : (ii) anekAnta, aprela 1972, pR0 46 / 26. prazasti (vIra sevA mandira) bhAga 2 prastAvanA, pR0 80. 27-28. Sultan Firoz Shah Tuglaq invited Digamber Jain Saints, and enter tained them at his Royal Court and Palace. Hearing the great fame and learning his quien desired to see Digamber Jain Saint. For her sake the Jaina Saint put on a piece of cloth to hide his nakedness, appeared before her. He took Prayeshchit for his undue liberty, the example set by him was soon adopted by his fallowers and a new sect. / of Bhattarkas with cloth yatis came into existence.-Bhattarka Mim. nsa (Surat) P. 2. 29. Bhattarkas were ever alert to kecp the tradition and glory of Jainism ...: and brought many social changes.--Der Jainism us (Berlin) P. 66. 30 jaina siddhAnta bhAskara, varSa 13, pR0 104. 31. The Sultan constructed a Jain temple and placed therein a Jain image.--- Progress Report of Archaeological Survey Western Circle, 1908-09 P. 550. 32. vistAra ke liye zrI nAhaTA kRta vizAlakAya, sacitra "bIkAnera mUrtilekha sNgrh|" 33. During the Tuglaq reign Jains enjoyed much freedom, Since many kings of this dynasty entertained Jain Saints. Karnataka Historical Review Vcl. VI Page 85. 34. prazasti saMgraha (vIra sevA mandira dehalI) bhAga 2 prastAvanA. 35. vistAra ke liye zrI agaracanda nAhaTA va bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA kA sampAdita sacitra grantha "bIkAnera ke mUrtilekha sNgrh| . 36. prAtma dharma, mArca 1969, pR0 151. 37. mahApurANa (mANakacanda jaina grantha mAlA) prastAvanA, pR0 15. 38-40. madrAsa va maizura prAnta ke prAcIna jaina smAraka pR0 163-322, 41-42. dillI jaina DAirekTarI, pR0 9.. 43. bhaTTAraka sampradAya (zolApura) pR. 241 . 44-45. sAmAjika zikSA (skUloM meM paDhAI jAne vAlI) pR0 43-46. 146 Malik Mohd, Jayasi, an officer of Shershah Suri Govt. wrote a Classical 2. Poem Padmavati" in Hindi, in which he referred Naked Jain Saints - (2-607) quoted in "The Religion of Tirthankaras (Aliganj) 7 Suri honoure: The Jain GuruVishal Kirtif Karnataka"---Dr.Seletore Karnataka Historical Review, Vol. IV PP. 78-81. 46. vistAra ke liye agaracanda nAhaTA va bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA kRta, bIkAnera ke jaina mUrtilekha saMgraha / 2-96 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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49. Jain holy teachers, undoubtly gave Akbar prolonged re'igious instruct. ions for years, which influenced his actions to their doctrines so far he was reputed to have been converted into Jainism---V. Smith; Jain Teachers of Akbar. 50. Killing of animals on certain days of the year was made capital sen tence by Akbar for his contact with Jains on Jain Festivals Prof. A. N. Banerjee; Religion of Akbar. 51. Akbar's giving up meat and prohibition of injury to animal life were due to the influence of Jain Teachers. Dr. Ishwari Pd; Jain Journal (Calcutta) Oct., 1966, P. 58. 52. Akbar himself says, "It is indeed from ignorance and cruelty that although various kinds of food are obtainable, men are bent upon injury living creatures and lending, a ready hand making themselves a tomb for animals. Aina-i-Akbari, translated in English by H. Blockmann. Vol. I P. 61. 53. Pinheiro was Jesuis Missionary, who visited India during the reign of Akbar, experiencing the habits and association with Jains, wrote to his king, "He (Akbar) follows the sect of Jainism"-Smiths, Akbar, P. 2:1 54. (1) Delhi Jain I irectory (1st Edn.) P. 228. (ii) The city of Saharanpur was founded by a Digamber Jain Shah Ranbir, who got the locality in Jagir from Emperor Akbar. His son Gulab Rai mirged Delhi, where he built a Jain temple in Kucha Sukha Nand.-ef. No. 280 in the list of Mohammadan & Hindu Monuments. Vol. I. 55-56. 777 9977 9f7T WIT 2 co 249. 57. Indian culture, Vol. IV No. 3, PP. 311-312. 58. Jahangir honoured Jain Acharya Jinsen, the disciple of Jin Chandra and conferred the title of Yug Pradhan-WORLD-CHIEF". 59. Four-side-facing Jain temples of 1st Tirthankara Rsabha-Deo was built by Sewa Som of Ahmedabad in 1618 A. D. During the reign of Jahangir-Burgess notes of visit W. S. Hills, 1869 60. It is worthy to note that Jahangir had forbidden hunting, fishing & other slaughter of animals in his reign during the 10 days of Pajju Sane--Pt. Someru Chand Diwakar; Religion & Peace, II Edn. 1962 Iotrod P. XVIII. HETETT styret FairCAT 78 2-97

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61. Epigraphica India, Vol. II P. 72. 62. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha bhAga 5, prastAvanA pR0 33. 63. When Aurangzeb was a Prince, he destroyed Jain Temple built by Seth Shanti Das of Ahmedabad in 1638 A.D. When it came into the notice of Shah Jahan, he was very much displeased with the action of Aurangzeb and ordered for its conversion and reconstruction with the same prior attraction at the state cost; and also for installation of Tirthankaras' Jain images. Ancient Jain monuments: of Bombay Province, P. 6. 64. Some Muslims complained to Shah Jahan that Bala Singh disturbs their prayer in mosque by his loud voice of hymn. Shah Jahan ordered, "There is no law that a Hindu can not recite his prayer near mosque. It is pity that there is no temple for him for his prayer. So a temple be constructed at state cost near the mosque.-Din Duniya, Delhi, January 1960, P. 49. 65. Shah Jahan favoured and honoured Jain po.t Pt. Benarsi Das-Benarsi Villas (Bombay) Introduction. 66. Although Aurangzeb was famous for his bigotedness, yet the profound learning, unpolluted piousness, simplicity niture and vigorous feelings to do good to man kind of JAIN SAINTS so much affected the heart cf despotic Emperor that he was inclined to entertain and honour Jain Saints. Dr. Kamta Pd; Religion of Tirthankaras, P. 575. them more 67. "I have seen the naked Jaina Saints walking start naked through large towns, women and girls looking at without any emction. Females often bring them alms with devotion"-Dr. Eener's Travels in the Mugal Empire, P. 317. 68. In 1689 A. D. at Chand Khera Kota Rajasthan) during the reign of Aurangzeb, a Jain Temple of Mahavir was constructed and the installation ceremony of the temple as well as of the images of Tirthankaras took place.-Jainism in Rajasthan P. 36. 69. hindI dainika "navabhArata TAimja, naI dehalI 10 agasta 1959 pR0 3. : 70 je0 ke0 nArImAna urdU dainika milApa kRSNa vizeSAMka agasta 1939, pR0 36. 71-72. List of the Mohammadan & Hindu Monuments, Govt. of India, Publication, Vol. I. 73. (i) We have goring account of individu influene upon Empe o Mohammad Shah in the case of Jain Temple of Mohala Sanghyan, mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-98

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Saharanpur. It so happened that the local Muslin Ruler of Saharanpur being of despotic nature wished to build a mosque in Jain Mohala, where not even a single Muslim lived at the place, where Jains wanted to built their temple, A Jain Physician, Thakurdas who had cured the Emperor's queen from an incurable disease did not accept anything inspite of repeated insisting by the Emperor for the acquintance of a right cause, ran Delhi and narroted the whole story to the Emperor Mohammad Shah, who not only stopped the construction of the mosque but ordered that the Jain Temple of 23rd Tirthankara Parsvanath be built there at the State Cost : Voice of Ahinsa, Vol. XII P. 92. (ii) qafa GTA 1960 q. 11. . (iii) atat ad 12 go 177. 74, Hf Tra!T TETT HITT, TT , 4977 1962, s. 26. 75. Jains were so humantarianists, not only to man-kind but to all living beings on the earth, without any (aste, colour or country distinction that even Hyder Ali the most bigoted Muslim king granted villages to the Jain temples for the worship of their Tirthankara's images installed there.-Prof. Rama Swami Ayanger : Studies in South Jainism, Vol. 1, Page 117. ugratt yurant chifrat 78 2-99

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prAtma-gIta *zrI bhagavAnasvarUpa jaina "jijJAsu" ema0 DI0 jaina iNTara kAleja, maagraa| ooooooooo maiM paMchI unmukta gagana kA, mujhe mukti se pyAra hai / merA ghara ati dUra-dUra, bhava-sAgara ke usa pAra hai / / mAnA praSTa karma bandhana meM, maiM anAdi se aTakA hUM / aura caturgati-cakra madhya bhI, maiM hara yuga meM bhaTakA hUM // mAnA lakha caurAsI meM maiM. anagina kaSTa uThAye haiM / janma-jarA-maraNAdi ante, kleza ghanere pAye haiN|| kintu kuphala ye para-pariNati ke, mama sukha mama prAdhAra hai| mairA ghara ati dUra-dUra, bhava-sAgara ke usa pAra hai / / kastUrI mRga tulya sadA maiM, bhava-vana meM bharamAyA hUM / para vibhAva kI nija aAdata se, bAja na aba taka AyA huuN| nija sukha-zAnti-bandha ko para meM pAne kI haTha ThAna rhaa| mAtma zAnti-jala bhUla bhoga-lapaToM ko hI jala mAna rahA / / mRga marIcikA pyAse mRga ko dAruNa dukha dAtAra hai / merA ghara ati dUra-dUra, bhava sAgara ke usa pAra hai / para-pariNati rUpI vibhAva kA kula prabhAva praba karanA hai / nija pariNati rUpI naukA se bhava-sAgara ko taranA hai| sva-para-bheda vijJAna sahAre, adbhuta yAna banAnA hai / dharmya-zukla zubha dhyAna dhAra kara mukti purI ko jAnA hai / mukti purI hI maMjila apanI, zAzvata sukha-bhaMDAra hai / merA ghara ati dUra-dUra, bhava-sAgara ke usa pAra hai / / 2-100 mahAvIra jayantiI smArikA 78

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__ jayapura meM bhUtakAla meM rAjApoM ke zAsana ke samaya jainoM aura zavoM meM vAhe jitanA vigraha, dveSa rahA ho kintu yahAM ke rAjAoM ne kabhI bhI eka ke prati pakSapAta aura dUsare ke prati durAva nahIM kiyA / yadi kabhI kisI mithyA sUcanA ke AdhAra para aisA huA mI to sacAI ke prakaTa hote hI tatkAla usakA parimArjana bhI kara diyA gyaa| ve apane dhArmika granthoM ke paThana ke sAtha-sAtha jaina granthoM kA adhyayana bhI karate the / isakA pramANa hai unake vaiyaktika saMgrahAlaya (pothIkhAnA) meM saMgrahIta saikar3oM hastalikhita jaina granya jinameM se kevala kucha kA hI paricaya hamAre Agraha para vidvAna lekhaka ne smArikA ke pAThakoM ke lAbhArtha apanI ina paMktiyoM meM prastuta kiyA hai| -- polyAkA jayapura pothIkhAne kA hindI jaina sAhitya -DaoN0 premacanda rAMvakA prAdhyApaka-rAjakIya zAstrI saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya, panoharapura (jayapura) 'pothIkhAnA', jayapura rAjya ke bhUtapUrva zAsakoM dvArA apane rAjya ko prAntarika zAsanavyavasthA ke samyak saMcAlana kI dRSTi se vibhinna vibhAgoM ke rUpa meM sthApita 36 kArakhAnoM meM se eka hai / isameM prArambera evaM jayapura ke zAsakoM dvArA samaya-samaya para saMgRhIta vibhinna bhASAoM meM vibhinna viSayoM kI pANDulipiyAM surakSita haiN| vastutaH yaha una zAsakoM kA nijI pustakAlaya hai; jisameM unhoMne jIvana ke vibhinna kSetroM meM jJAna-varddhana hetu vizAla parimANa meM sAhitya kA saMrakSaNa evaM samvarddhana kiyA hai / yaha pothIkhAnA vigata sAtasau varSoM meM sRjita evaM lipibaddha amulya sAhitya ko apane meM samAviSTa karatA hai / jo ukta zAsakoM ke anupama sAhityAnurAga kA pratIka hai| isa meM Amvera evaM jayapura rAjya ke bhU0 pU0 rAjAroM meM mirjA rAjA jayasiMha (vi. saM 1678-1724) se lekara antima mahArAjA mAnasiMha dvitIya (vi0 saM0 1979-20 27) taka ke samaya meM racita evaM lipibaddha sAhitya surakSita hai| pothIkhAne ke granthAgAra ko nimna saMgrahoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai-1. khAsa mohara saMgraha 2. pothIkhAnA saMgraha 3. puNDarIka saMgraha aura 4. myUjiyama saMgraha prakAzita sNgrh| mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-101

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'khAsa mauhara saMgraha' meM vibhinna zAsakoM ke samaya meM racita evaM likhita lagabhaga 8,000 pANDulipiyAM saMgRhIta haiM / yaha bhaNDAra rAjAoM kI khAsa mohara yA nijI sIla meM rahatA thA aura yadA kadA hI khulatA thaa| mahArAjA ise kholane kA vizeSa prAdeza nikAlate the| usa samaya yA to ve svayaM ayavA unake pratinidhi aura khAsa mohara saMgraha ke adhikArI upasthita rahate the / sIla mahArAjA ke nijI adhikAra meM rahatI thI aura pratyeka vastu ke bhItara rakhane evaM bAhara nikAlane kA lekhA-jokhA musarapha aura tahasIladAra rakhate the / khAma mohara adhikArI apane paMjIyana meM praviSTi-niviSTi kI kAunTara eNTrI rakhatA thA / / ___ khAsa mohara saMgraha ke graMthoM ke DhUDhane ke liye pahale koI pUrNa aura nizcita sUcI taiyAra nahIM thii| isa vizAla saMgraha meM su kSita pANDulipiyoM kA mUlyAMkana sahaja kArya nahIM thaa| vastusthiti yaha hai ki savAI mAdhosiMha prathapa (vi. saM 1807-1824) yA unase pUrva ke zAsakoM se sambandhita zAsakIya vArSika vivaraNoM meM moTe rapha kAgajoM meM ina graMthoM kI prakIrNa niviSTiyAM milatI haiM; jo aba bIkAnera meM rAjasthAna rAjya abhilekhAgAra meM saMkalita hai / saubhAgya se aba isa saMgraha ke granthoM kI sUcI zrIyuta paM0 gopAlanArAyaNa baharAjI ke sadaprayatnoM se unhIM kI pustaka "liTarerI hairITeja praoNpha dI rUlarsa aoNpha prAmera eNDa jayapura" meM prakAzita ho cukI hai / rAjAoM kA nijI pustakAlaya yahI saMgraha hai| dUsarI 'pothIvAnA sagraha' hai jisameM 2,200 pANDulipiyA haiM / isake ye graMtha, saMgraha kI sthApanA ke pazcAt khAsa mohara saMgraha se sthAnAntarita huye haiN| isa saMgraha meM pothIvAne ke karmacAriyoM dvArA likhita eva lipibaddha graMthoM ke atirikta vibhinna samArohika avasaroM para lekhakoM, paMDitoM, kaviyoM prAdi dvArA bheMTa meM prApta evaM rAjamAtAoM, mahArAniyoM, par3adAyatoM evaM pAsavAna dvArA kraya kiye gaye graMtha saMgrahIta haiN| tRtIya 'puNDarIka saMgraha' meM' 2,300 pANDulipiyAM haiM, jo savAI jayasiMha prathama (vi0 saM0 1756-1800) ke guru ratnAkara puNDarIka aura usake vidvAn uttarAdhikAriyoM dvArA saMkalita haiN| pothIkhAne meM yaha saMgraha mahArA nA savAI mAdhosiMha dvitIya (vi0 saM0 1937-1979) ke zAsanakAla meM prApta evaM surakSita kiyA gayA thaa| bAda ke donoM bhaDAroM kI vargIkRta sUcI upalabdha hai paranta pranthoM kA satyApana kArya prabhI apUrNa hai| caturtha 'myUjiyama saMgraha' hai jo san 1959 meM mahArAjA savAI mAnasiMha II dvArA janatA ke liye kholA gayA bhaNDAra hai| isameM prAcIna prakAzita sAhitya evaM kalAtmaka citra saMgRhIta haiM jo darzanArtha haiN| isa prakAra pothIkhAne ke vibhinna saMgrahoM meM lagabhaga 15,000 grantha hai jo saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza, braja, bagalA, marAThI, rAjasthAnI, gujarAtI Adi bhASAoM meM nibaddha haiM tathA kAvya, nyAya, mImAMsA, vyAkaraNa, koza, chanda, alaMkAra, nATaka, campU, saMgIta, kAmazAstra, Ayurveda, jyotiSa, dharma, veda, purANa, itihAsa, tarka, mantra, bhakti, jaina darzana, saMgraha, subhASita. yoga, Adi viSayoM se sambandhita haiN| 2-102 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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pothIkhAne ke khAsa mohara saMgraha meM 8,000 pANDulipiyAM haiM; unameM 220 ke lagabhaga jaina sAhitya ke graMtha haiM jo saMskRta evaM hindI bhASA meM nibaddha haiM yahA~ mAtra !15 hindI bhASA granthoM kI cucI prastuta haiM:--- 1. ajitanAtha chanda -banArasIdAsa 2. adhyAtma pair3I 3. adhyAtma prakAza---sukha kavi 4 adhyAtmaphAga --banAramIdAma 5. adhyAtma battIsI-- 6 avasthASTaka7. Atma jJAna kavitta saMgraha 8 uttarAdhyayana sajbhAya 9. karmachattIsI- banArasIdAsa 10. karma prakRti vidhAna--, 11. karma vipAka bhASA 12. kalyANa mandira stotra bhASA 13 kaMvarapAla battIsI, jodharAja godIkA 14. kaharanAmA : banArasIdAsa 15, kukarma viMzatikA , 16. catuSpada yamaka // 17 cAra varNa 18 cintAvaraNI-dulIcanda sAha 19. caudaha vidyA---banArasIdAsa 20 caubIsa ThANA tAlikA 21. caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kA kharar3A 22. chattIsa pavana-banArasIdAsa 23. jambUdvIpa pramANa 24. jambU svAmI kathA 25. jina AcAra 26 jinakathA subhASita saMgraha 27. jina tIrthakara stuti 28 jinadeva yaMtra 29. jaina cauvIsI 30. jaina stotra saMgraha 31. jJAna paccIsI---banArasIdAsa 32. ThANAMga sutta (sthAnAMga sUtra) 33. tarepana kriyA 34. taresaTha zlAkA puruSa nAma--banArasIdAsa 35. tithi SoDazI ---banArasIdAsa 36. tIrthakara bhaTTAraka nAmAvalI 37. teraha kAThiyAM -banArasIdAsa 38. triloka darpaNa kathA 39 triloka sAra 40. vepana kriyA-kizanasiMha 41. dazabola-banArasIdAsa 42 dazalakSaNa pUjA-dyAnatarAya 43. dAnadazaka-banArasIdAsa 44. dahA paMca sahelIrA-chIhala kavi 45. deva pUjAdi saMgraha 46. devASTaka stotra 47. dohA savaiyAdi saMgraha, banArasIdAsa 48. dharma parIkSA : manohara khaNDelavAla 49. dharma rAso, 50. dharmopadeza mAlA 51. dhyAna batIsI, banArasIdAsa 52. nagarasthiti varNana 53. nava durgA vidhAna , 54 nava senA vidhAna 55 nATaka ke kavitta 56 nAma nirNaya 57. nityadeva pUjA vidhi , 58. nitya pUjA-cintAmaNi stotra saMgraha 59 nirvANa kANDa 60. paMcapada vidhAna --banArasIdAsa 61. paMcama gati kI veli 62. paMca parameSThI 24 guraNa mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-103

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63. paMcAstikAya bAlAvabodhA 64. pada saMgraha-banArasIdAsa 65. padmapurANa bhASA-khuzAla kavi 66. padmAvatI pUjA 67. paramArtha vacanikA 68. pArzvanAya purANa bhASA-bhUdhara 69 pArzvanAtha pUjApaddhatti-banArasIdAsa 70. puNyAzrava kathA bAla vabodha : daulatarAma 71. puruSa lakSaNa-banArasIdAsa 72. pUjASTaka , 73. praznottarI nAmamAlA ,, 74. praznottarI-sakalakIni 75. takI mohammadakhAM chanda-banArasIdAsa 76. bAkna -banArasIdAsa 90. ziva paccIsI 91. zIla sudarzana rAsa ---banArasIdAsa 92. SaT darzanASTaka 93. samayasAra nATaka 94. sumati devI zataka / 95. sAdhu vandanA 96. sindUra prakara muktAvali , 97. sAmAyika prakaraNa 98. samAdhi tantra bAlAvabodha bhASA-parvata dharmArthI 99. siddha kevalI 100. siddha mantrAdika saMgraha 101. sItA caritra-bAlaka kavi 102. yAtrA prakAza-rAghava sarAvagI 103. rayaNa sAra-kundakundAcArya 104. vAta caMdakaMvara caupaI-chohala 105. vinatI ke pada 106. SaT karmopadeza mAlA saTIka - sakala bhUSaNa prAcArya -lAlacanda, 107. zrAvakAticAra 108. zrAvakAnuSThAna vidhi 109 zrIpAla rAsa ! 10. hanumatkathA-bra. rAyamalla 111. harivaMza purANa bhASA-khuzAla kavi 112. harivaza svAmI rAsa 113. pada saMgraha = 115,-sphuTa-par3hAIdvIpanakza? 114. vinatI saMgraha 77. bhaktAmara stotra bhASA-hemarAja 78. bhaktAmara stotra bhASA-banArasIdAsa 79. , , , TIkArAma vacanikA 80. bhavasindhu caturdazI - banArasIdAsa, 81. manakA pyArA gIta-, 82. mArgaNA vidhAna 83. mithyA vAgI 84. mokha par3I 85. vArANasI vilAsa . " 86. vrata kathA koSa-zrutasAgara sUri 87. zAlibhadra caritra satasaI 88. zAntinAtha chanda-banArasIdAsa 89. zAradASTaka ukta sUcI meM katipaya 'racanAeM jaina racanAeM na lageM / ' parantu prasiddha jaina kaviyoM kI hone se unheM sammilita kiyA gayA hai / sUcI meM115 to racanAeM hai-unameM kaI racanAtroM kI anekoM pratiyAM bhI milatI haiM jaise-chIhala kavikRta dUhA paMcasahelIrA, banArasIdAsa kA samayasAra nATaka, bhaktAmara stotra bhASA, padmapurANa bhASA, adhyAtmaka prakAza Adi / isa dRSTi se pothIkhAne ke khAsa mohara saMgraha 1 meM baina pANDulipiyoM kI saMkhyA-saMskRta evaM bhASA kI kula 300 se adhika haiN| inameM sarvAdhika racanAe kavivara banArasIdAsa dvArA racita haiM / unakI 50 racanAeM isa saMgraha meM milatI haiM / 2-104 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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yaha harSa evaM vismaya kA viSaya hai ki 17vIM zatA ke prAgarA nivAsI banArasIdAsa kI sarvAdhika pacAsa racanAeM eka sa tha eka veSThana meM isa saMgraha meM surakSita haiN| inameM kaI racanAeM to jaina bhaNDAroM meM bhI nahIM haiM / lekina isa kavi kA prasiddha grAtmavaritra kAvya " arddha kathAnaka " jo prava prakAzita hai, isa saMgraha meM nahIM miltaa| kucha bhI ho banArasIdAsa kI sarvAdhika saMkhyA meM jo kRtiyAM yahAM upabandha huI haiM - ve unake vyaktiva evaM kRtitva para nayI dizA evaM tathya degI jabaki isa kavi ke vyaktitva evaM kRtitva para DaoN. devendra kumAra jaina kA go pravandha prakAzita ho cukA hai| yaha vicAraNIya tathya hai ki ukta saMgraha meM jahAM prAgarA ke banArasIdAsa evaM bhUvaradAsa taka kI kRtiyAM upalabdha hotI haiM / vahI jyapura rAjya ke antargata 17vIM evaM 18vIM zatA meM hone vAle jayapura ke hI kaI prasiddha jaina kaviyoM meM kevala khuzAla kavi evaM dautalarAma ( basavA ) ke kevala harivaMza purANa bhASA ( vi saM 1780) padmapurANa bhapA ( vi saM. 1783) aura puSyAzrava kathA bAlAvabodha ( ra. kA. 1770 - likA. 1816) graMtha hI milate haiM / yadyapi jodharAja gotrIkA, dulIcanda sAha, rAghava pATanI (khindUkA ) manohara khaNDelava la kI bhI eka-eka racanAeM milatI haiM, parantu ToDaramala, jayacanda chAbar3A, sadAsukha kAsalIvAla Adi kaI aise kavi prasiddha haiM jinakI kRtiyAM khAsa mohara saMgraha I meM nahIM hai| samaya kI dRSTi se prAcIna graMtha chIla kavi kA -' -' dUhA paMca sahelIrA' vi. saM. 1575 kA milatA hai / isakI saMgraha meM 5-7 pratiyAM hai| adhikAMsa hindI kRtiyAM 17vIM evaM 18vIM zatAbdI kI haiN| jayapura nagara kI sthApanA (vi. saM. 1784 ) se cAra varga pUrva saM harivaMza purANA bhASA (brahmajinadAsa ke saMskRta ke harivaMza purANa yahAM prastuta hai - 1780 meM racita khuzAla kavi ke para AdhArita) kA antima bhAga sahara jihAnAbAda meM, jayasiMha pUrI sudhAna / maiM basiho sukha sauM sadA, jina seU' cita zrAni // 691|| merI bAta sunI prabai bhavijIvana mana lAya / 2 kAlo jAti khusyAla subha, sundara suta jina pAya 1169211 desa DhUMDhAhara jAgo sAra, tA dharmataNo adhikAra | vinasiMha suta jayasiMha rAya, rAja kareM sabaku sukhadAya 116931 desa taraNI mahimA prati ghaNI, jina gehAkari sundara bI / jina mandira bhavi pUjA kareM keika vrata le keika dharai 16941 jina mandira karavAvaM navA, suraMga vimAna lagi virachA | rathayAtrAdika hota bahu jahAM, puNya upAvai bhaviva taha ||6951 ityAdika mahimA juna deza, kahi na sakU maiM aura prasesa / jAmaiM pura sAMgAtrati jAti, dharma upArjana ko vara zrAMta ||696 | mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-105

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mahamadasA patisAha, rAja kari hai suci kathau / nItivaMta balavaMta, nyAya bina leta na prarathI / tAke rAja mAri, graMtha prArambharu kInho | parako dukha soka, kabhU hama koI na lInho || iha vicAra rAjA ta', itanI hI upagAra hai / koU duSTa puruSa daNDi na sake~, jinamata ko vistAra hai 11700 | sahara madhya ika vaNika vara, sAh sukhAnanda jAni / tAkA geha viSai rahai, gokulacanda sujAna 11701 tina DhiMga maiM jAU sadA, paDhU sumAkha subhASa / jinako vara upadeza lai, maiM bhASA varana banAya 1170211 saMvat satarAsa grarU grasI, su baisAkha tIja vara lasI / zukravAra prati hI vara joga, sAra nakhattara ko saMjoga ||7041 zvetAmbaro gokulacandra nAmA, mahAvibekI saguNairgariSThaH / parvopavAsaM kurute svabhAvAt tasyopakaNThaM zrutavAn bhUvara ||809 | idaM suzAstraM surasevyamAnaM mayA likhitvA dharitaM pramodaM / samarpitaM gokulacandra haste asya pravRttiH karaNAya nityam // - li. mohanarAma saMgahIjI zrI bhagavAnadAsajI paThanArthaM mevAtinaI paMDamadhye harSapUre... dohA : pUrNa zAsanakAla meM kI thI / kavi ke anusAra jayasiMha ke thI, jisake prabhAva se kaI kisI se pIr3ita nahIM thA / 2. - khuzAla kavi ne yaha racanA DhUMDhAra pradeza ke mahArAjA savAI jayasiMha prathama ke sukha-zAntizAsana kAla meM jaina dharma kI atizaya mahimA pothIkhAne kA 'khAsamohara saMgraha' jo grAmbera evaM jayapura ke zAsakoM kA nijI pustakAlaya rahA hai, jaina evaM jainetara sabhI dharmoM ke sAhitya kA vipula bhaNDAra hai / yaha vastutaH una zAsakoM ke sarvadharma anurAga evaM samabhAva, vidyAprema aura sAhitya - saMrakSaNa tathA saMbarddhana kI utkaTa vizuddha bhAvanA kA pratIka hai / 106 pothIkhAne ke isa 'khAta mohara saMgraha I ke granthoM kI sUcI kA prakAzana "liTarerI herITeja oNpha dI rUlarsa oNpha grambera evaM jayapura " nAmaka apanI pustaka meM paM. gopAlanArAyaNa bahurA ne kiyA hai / anya saMgrahoM kA prakAzana abhI nahIM ho pAyA hai| unakI sUci pravazya taiyAra kI jA rahI hai / unakA prakAzana evaM pothIkhAne ke samagra sAhitya bhaNDAra kI varNya viSayaka sUciyoM kA punarIkSaNa prAcIna ajJAta aitihAsika ghaTanAcakoM ke tathyAnveSaNa ke adhyayana meM mahatvapUrNa evaM upayogI siddha hogA / 1. Literary of Heittage the Rulers of Amber and Jaipur by Shri G. N. Bhaura, brahmajinadAsa : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva, lekhaka, lekhaka kA zodha prabandha mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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jayapura se karIba 10 mIla dUra mohAnA roDa pa ranekTA grAma ke nivAsI pATaNI savAI jayasiMha ke rAjya kAla meM hI jayapura mA base the| apane pUrvaja khindU ke nAma para ye khindUkA kahalAte haiN| kahate haiM ye 60 bhAI the / Age cala kara isakI kaI zAbA, prazA bAeM huI yathA --nuzarapha, dIvANa, totukA prAdi / yAtrA prakAza ke racayitA rAvava pATaNI apane pUrvaja sA~gA' ke nAna para sAMgA kA kahalAte haiN| isa pustaka meM vAraNA nareza jagAsaha tRtIya hai jo kisI SaDayaMtra kA zira hokara kAla kalita hae the| yAtrA kA sthAna phataha TIvA sAMgAnera daravAje gahara motI DUgarI roDa para / rAjA kI khAsa pozAka lie sAmane hai Ane vAle 'siMghI' thArAma jJAta hote haiM jinakA vistRta varNana pAThaka isahI smArikA meM anyatra pddeNge| 'manAlAla' cAritrasAra, pravana caritra Adi prayoM ke racanAkAra manAlAla sAMgAkA khindU kA mAlUma hote haiM / vidvAna nibaMdhakAra ne mahAvIra tIrtha kSetra kameTI ko apanI racanA meM jo sujhAva diyA hai hama usakI pUrti ko kAmanA to karate haiM kintu vaha saphala hogI aisI AzA kama hI hai| . --polyAkA rAghava pATanI racita 'yAtrA prakAza' * zrI agaracandajI nAhaTA, (itihAsaratna, siddhAntAcArya, zodhamanISI, vidyAvAridhi) bIkAnera / rAjasthAna kI rAjadhAnI jayapura jaba se basA, kAsalIvAla kA graMtha prakAzita huyA hai usI taraha tabhI se aura usase pahale bAmera meM digambara samAja jayapura rAjya yA kSetra meM racita jaina sAhitya kA acchA prabhAva rahA hai / Amera meM di0 bhaTTArako sambandhI eka svataMtra grantha prakAzita honA caahie| kI gaddI thii| unakA zAstra-bhaNDAra abhI jaina jayapura ke kaI rAjAnoM ke dIvAna Adi kaI sAhitya zodha saMsthAna, mahAvIra tIrtha kSetra kameTI ke ucca padoM para di0 jaina bandhu the ataH rAjanaitika saMgraha meM surakSita hai| usa zAstra-saMgraha meM tathA kSetra meM bhI unakA viziSTa sthAna rahA hai / yadyapi jaya ,ra ke anya zAstra-bhaNDAroM meM jayapura kSetra ke jayapura ke jaina dIvAnoM sambandhI eka choTI pustaka jaina kaviyoM evaM vidvAnoM ke racita gadya-padyAtmaka nikalI hai para vaha paryApta nahIM hai / vIra vANI pracura sAhitya upalabdha hai / usa sAhitya kA pramANa patrikA ke prArambhika varSoM meM jayapura ke jaina dIvAnoM lAkhoM zlokoM parimita hai ata: jisa prakAra sAMbhara aura sAhityakAroM sambandhI kAphI mahatvapUrNa lekha pradeza evaM janoM ke sambandha meM DA0 kastUracanda prakAzita hue the / idhara kucha varSoM meM koI naI mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 2-107

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jAnakArI prakAza meM nahIM pAyI / jabaki mahAvIra bhUpa bhavana meM jaba gaye, ucchava bhaye apAra / jI tIrtha ke zodha saMsthAna kA to yaha pahalA kavi 'rAghava' sAcI kahI, naina dekhi niradhAra // kattavya thA ki ajJAta aura aprakAzita sAmagrI saMvata 'aThAra curAdhikA', sukla pakSa vaisASa / aura jAnakArI ko 'bIra vANI' prAdi jaina patra- suddha lagana pa cAMga ke, bhoma su parathama bhApa / / patrikAoM meM nirantara prakAzita kiyA jAtA jAta strAvagI pATaNI, khid hadai baMsa / rahatA / manAlAla ke kathana sU kInoM bratha prasaMsa / / jayapura ke rAjAoM ke jaina dIvAnoM ke It is a description of the yAtrA Peratirikta kucha unake Azrita jaina sAhityakAra bhI formed by Sawai Ji Singh ]I] the| jinameM daulatarAmajI to bahuta hI ullekhanIya rahe haiM aura unake sambandha meM svatantra grantha bhI pothI khAnA meM uparokta sUcI-natha ke pRSTha prakAzita ho cukA hai| para anya rAjyAzrita jaina 325 meM rAghava kavi sarAvagI yA jo vivaraNa sAhityakAroM sambandhI jAnakArI bahuta hI kama chapA hai. vaha isa prakAra hai :-- prakAza meM AyI hai / abhI-abhI jayapura ke suprasiddha rAghava kavi sarAvagI--- rAjakIya pothI-khAne kI hasta likhita pratiyoM kA eka sUcI graMtha zrI gopAlanArAyaNajI boharA (1) yAtrA varNana 4573 (1854 V.S) sampAdita dekhane ko milA, jisameM jayapura ke (2) rasavallI vanakelI 3261 (4) mahArAjA jayasiMha tRtIya kI yAtrA sambandhI eka . inameM se 'yAtrA prakAza' kA varNana pRSTha 186 racanA kA vivaraNa chapA hai / isa graMtha kA nAma meM isa prakAra chapA hai- yAtrA prakAza by rAghava 'yAtrA prakAza' hai| isakI racanA kavi rAghava kavi sraavgii| pATanI ne saM0 1884 ke vaizAkha sudI me kii| . a description of the pilgrimage by mannAlAla ke kathana se yaha graMtha racA gayA hai| sUcI S. Jai Singh II, Composed in 1884 V. prakAzita vivaraNa meM yAtrA prakAza ke antima pAca 5. 4573. dohe hI ubUta haiM / unale yAtrA kA pUrA vivaraNa jJAta nahIM hotaa| grantha kI padya saMkhyA yA graMthA donoM sthAnoM meM vivaraNoM se aisA lagatA hai ki pRSTa 325 meM 'yAtrA varga,na' grantha kA nAma graMtha parimANa bhI jJAta nahIM ho sakA / na patra saMkhyA aura lekhana saMvata hI vivaraNa meM diyA gayA chapA hai para isakA vAstavika na ma 'ya kA prakAza' hai| kevala eka naI upalabdhi ke rUpa meM prApta hai| aura racanAkAla 1854 chapA hai, vahAM 1884 honA cAhie / kavi kI dUsarI racanA 'rasavalli vivaraNa yahAM prakAzita kiyA jA rahA hai --- vana kelI' kA koI vivaraNa nahIM diyA gayA hai - 4573. yAtrA prakAza by rAghava kavi sarAvagI ataH yaha isI nAma vAle kisI dUsare kavi kI racanA bhI ho sakatI hai / prati naM. 3261 meM yaha Closing : racanA saMkhyA (cauthI) hone se yaha choTI sI hI ghiI Aye sAmuhe, liye khAsa posAkha / lagatI hai| 'yAtrA prakAza meM kavi ke aAMkhoM dekhA gaMgA ko pUjana kiyo, veda zabda mukha bhASa // vRtAMta hone se yaha to eka mahatvapUrNa aitihAsika pataM suTIbe prAika, rahe amAvasa rAti / racanA hai ataH use zIghra hI prakAza meM lAnI sakala sukhI jayasiMha nRpa , pura praveza parabhAta // caahiye| 2-108 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 28

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- - - manuSya jaba hoza saMbhAlatA hai yaha cintAmoM se ghirA rahatA hai| kabhI dhanopArjana kI cintA, kabhI apane svAsthya kI cintA, kabhI parivAra kI, kabhI kisI ke vivAha kI to kabhI kisI ko par3hAne kii| jaba kabhI bhI use ina cintAoM se chuTakArA prApti kA avasara prApta hotA hai vaha sukha zAMti kA anubhava karatA hai| cAroM ora duHkhoM se ghire hue mAnava ko mele manoraMjana kA sAdhana upalakA karate haiN| ve hamArI saMskRti ke pratIka haiM aura samAja ke logoM ko mila baiThakara haMsI khazI ke kucha kSasa vitAne kA avasara pradAna karate haiN| hAke sAvadhAnika anuSThAnAdi ke kAryakrama to zraddhAlu janoM ko zAkRSTa karane ke lie Ayojita hote haiN| jaina samAja, jayapura bhI vibhinna avasaroM para aise choTe bar3e prAyojana karatA hI rahatA hai / kabhI kabhI yaha Ayojana avismaraNIya bhI hote haiN| aise hI tIna meloM kA saMkSipta paricaya vidvAn lekhaka ne ina paMktiyoM meM diyA hai| -polyAkA - jayapura ke jaina maile paM0 gulAbacandajI jainadarzanAcArya prAcArya-zrI di. jaina AcArya saM. kAleja, jypur| jayapura meloM ke liye prasiddha hai| yahAM ke prAyaH ye mele pAsa pAsa ke sthAnoM para lagate liye kahA jAtA hai "sAta bAra aura nau tyohaar"| haiM jaise-ghATa, khAniyAM, galatA, Amera, mohana yahAM kisI na kisI prasaMga ko lekara mele hayA hI bAr3I, sAMgAnera, kUkasa, khoha, bagarANA, dailAsa, karate haiN| kyA jaina aura kyA ajaina sabhI inameM sAibAr3a, vAvar3I, (jagoM kI bAvar3I) nIMdar3a, vainAr3a, bhAga lete haiN| strI puruSa, bacce vRddha, yUyaka zizu bhAkharoTA, padamapurA, zrI mahAvIrajI, gonera, sabhI mele ke zaukIna haiN| cAroM vargoM ke loga DiggI, cAkasU (zIlakI) ityaadi| inameM kucha apane apane pRthaka pRthaka mele manAte hoM aisI hI sthAna to aise haiM jahAM vizeSataH jaina hI jAte haiM prathA nahIM hai| yahAM to sabhI varga va jAti vAle aura kucha aise haiM jahA~ itara samAja hI jAtI hai apane apane DhaMga se sAmUhika mele manAte Aye haiN| jaina nahIM jAte kintu kucha aise haiM jahAM sabhI samAja ke nara nArI mele kA Ananda lUTate haiN| padamapurA ina meloM kA prArambha zrAvaNa mAsa se hotA kA melA jaba se padma prabhu kI pratimA aura zrI hai aura vizeSa taura para prAsoja taka rahatA hai kintu mahAvIra jI kA melA jaba se mahAbIra jI kI malpa saMkhyA meM / pratimA nikalI taba se lagatA hai, gonera meM jagadIza ke mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-109

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kAraNa melA lagatA hai aura DiggI meM zrIkalyANajI nahIM hai| ye mele dhAmika anuSThAnoM ke kAraNa ke kaarnn| aAmera meM zilA devI aura kAle antardezIya khyAti prApta haiM / maiM inameM se kucha kA mahAdeva ke kAraNa, ghATa meM vaiSNavoM ke avatAroM saMkSipta vivaraNa prastuta kara rahA huuN| kI jhA~kiyAM nikalane se, jinako parikramA kahA ___ jayapura ko base hue 40 varSa bhI pUre nahIM hue jAtA hai, mohana bAr3I meM galate ke kAraNa aura the samvat 1821 (san 1764) meM jaina samAja meM sAMgAnera meM sAMgA bAbA ke kAraNa mele lagate haiN| eka adbhuta mele kA Ayojana kiyA gyaa| yaha zeSa sthAnoM para lagane vAle mele mAtra jaina dharmAva melA zahara ke bAhara phohaTIbe (motIDUgarI ke lambiyoM dvArA hI lagAye jAte haiM / ho sakatA hai ghATa nikaTa) para sampanna hunaa| jaisA yaha melA jaina khAniyAM mohanabAr3I aura Amera meM itara samAjoM samAja meM usa samaya prAyojita huprA na kabhI ke sAtha jaina bhI apanA dhArmika melA lagA lete hoN| bhUtakAla meM huyA thA aura na kabhI bhaviSya meM hone kintu inakA vaiziSTya nahIM ke barAbara hai / ye mele kI saMbhAvanA hI hai| prati varSa nizcita tithiyoM meM lagate haiM isakI sUcanA mele karAne vAle bahuta pahale se hI kara dete usa samaya jayapura rAjya ke zrI ratanacanda evam haiM aura savArI Adi AvAgamana ke sAdhana bhI juTA bAlacanda ye do jaina dIvAna ye / inakA bar3A prabhAva dete haiN| sarakAra bhI apanA sahayoga dekara surakSA thA / mahArAjA mAdhosiMha pra0 usa samaya jayapura ke kA prabandha karatI hai, svayaM sevaka aura skAuTsa bhI rAjA the| unakA saba dharmoM ke prati Adara bhAva ina meloM meM sahayoga pradAna karate haiN| evaM zraddhA bhakti thii| unhoMne prAjJA prasArita kara dI thI ki mele ke liye tathA pUjA ke liye jo bhI ye mele jayapura kI sthApanA se hI prAraMbha hue sAmagrI cAhie sarakArI khajAne se le jAo / isa samajhanA cAhie / jayapura ke rAjA dhAmika vicAroM liye jo bhI sAmagrI mele meM anupalabdha thI sarakAra ke the| ve sabhI dharmoM kA Adara karate the| unhoMne se le lI gaI thii| isa mele meM indra dhvaja vidhAna jayapura basAne meM dUra dUra ke nAmI kAmI vyaktiyoM karAyA gayA thA / yaha vidhAna phatehaTIvA ke maidAna ko yahAM prazraya diyA thaa| ve loga varSa meM eka bAra meM 64 gaja vargAkAra cabatare para teraha dvIpa ke apanI apanI janmabhUmi meM jAkara Amoda pramoda maNDala kI racanA racakara kiyA gayA thaa| maNDala karane aura dhArmika prasaMgoM ko banAkara itarajanoM kI racanA dhana rUpa thI pratara rUpa nahIM arthAta jaise ko bhI prabhAvita karate the isI kAraNa ina meloM kI maNDala raMgoM se tathA raMgoM se raMge hae cAvaloM se paraMparA bana gii| aba ye mele usI paraMparA ko athavA khar3iyA se maNDate haiM vaisA yaha maNDala nahIM kAyama rakhane hetu prativarSa nizcita tithiyoM ko thA dhana rUpa arthAt pahAr3a nadI jaMgala bhavana nagarI manAye jAte haiN| inameM Amera, sAMgAnera, kUkasa, koTa khAI pUSpa vATikA sarovara Adi sAkSAt rUpa khoha, sAivAr3a, bagarANA, bhAkharoTA Adi sthAnoM ke meM banAye gaye the| banAne ke liye 150 kArIgara, mele pramukha haiN| zilAvaTa, citere, darajI, kharAdI, khAtI, sunAra jaina meloM kI apanI svayaM kI vizeSatA hai| Adi dasa dina taka lage the / racanA patthara cUne ke bane pe mele kisI pratimA vizeSa ke jamIna se nikalane cabUtare para banI thii| kapar3e ke koTa bIthiyAM ke kAraNa nahIM aura na kisI vyakti vizeSa kI lagAI gaI thIM, jo citra lagAye gaye the bhoDala ke janma bhUmi hone ke kAraNa hI haiM / RtuoM ke kAraNa kAma ke lage the| cAroM ora cAra daravAje lakar3I tathA tithiyoM ke kAraNa bhI ina meloM kI gaNanA ke banAye gaye the| cAra hajAra reje bichAyata ke 2-110 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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liye aura lAla cola dhvajA patAkA nizAna prAdi yaha melA eka zrAvaka dvArA achUta ke sAtha banAne ke liye maMgAye gaye the| 200 cAMdI ke chatra bhojana karane ke prAyazcita svarUpa lagAyA gayA thA / jhAlarI sahita naye ghar3e maMgAye the| bAga bagIce bhaTrAraka devendrakIrtijI ne yaha vyavasthA dI thii| tathA puSpa vATikAyeM banAne ke liye 30 gaDDI usa samaya bhaTTArakajI kA kAphI dabadabA thA aura bArIka raMgIna kAgaja aura tIsa maNa raddI kAgaja unakI vyavasthA mAnya hotI thii| cAroM mandiroM meM kA kharcA huA thaa| isa maNDala ke Upara tanavAne teraha dvIpa, aDhAI dvIpa, samavasaraNa tathA siddha cakra hetu sAmiyAnA Agare se maMgavAyA gayA thaa| isake ke maNDala maMDavAye gaye the aura pUrNAvasara para ratha khar3e karane ke liye 200 prAdamI lage the| maMDapa ke yAtrA nikAlI gaI thI / apanI apanI mAnyatAnusAra eka eka tarapha 24, 24 daravAje banAye gaye the| kalazAbhiSeka hue| kintu mAla bIsa paMtha AmnAya kula cAroM tarapha 96 daravAje saje dhaje hae lagAye vAle mandiroM meM hI huI thii| teraha paMthI mandiroM gaye the ki hAthI Upara car3he hae vyakti ArAma se meM nahIM / pATodI ke mandira kI mAla kalakattA ke bhItara praveza kara sakeM aisI vyavasthA thii| yaha seTha zrI cunnIlAla ne 951 rupayoM meM aura zAmiyAnA 20 gaja kI UMcAI kA lagAyA gayA thA cAkasU ke mandira kI mAla caum grAma ke maMDapa ke cAroM tarapha bar3e baDe dIvAna rAja daravAra nivAsI zrI jayarAma nAmaka zrAvaka ne 651 rupayoM ke loga tathA anya pratiSThita vyaktiyoM ke Dere lage hue meM pahanI / isakI sAnI kA melA laganA bhI aba the| inake Age cotaraphA darzakoM ke Dere lagAye gaye dUbhara hI samajhanA cAhie / isakA vistRta vivaraNa the jo ki saikar3oM kosoM kI dUrI pAra kara mele meM zrI maulikyacandra sAha dvArA phAlguna zuklA 5 zarIka hue the| lAkhoM strI puruSoM ne dasa dina taka saM. 1917 meM racita ratha yAtrA prabhAva nAmaka isa mele ko bar3I bhakti bhAva se dekhA tathA jana saMskRta graMtha se lagatA hai jo maMdira pATodI meM hai| bhajana meM yogadAna diyaa| gIta nRtya vA dina saMgIta samAta tIsarA melA Amera meM kIrti stambha kI kI pyArI dhvani mana ko balAta haratIrtha paM0 ToDaramala jI zAstra pravacana karate the| gomaTTa naziyA kA 1920 meM huaa| yahAM para siddha cakra sArakA svAdhyAya thaa| aura tIna loka ke maNDala maNDe the| aura bhagavAna neminAtha ke mandira se tathA naziyAM se ratha yAtrA jaina samAja meM jaisA yaha apUrva melA huA kabhI kA prArambha do rathoM meM huA thA eka meM bhagavAna nahIM huaa| isake pazcAt dUsarA melA cAroM rathoM neminAtha aura dUsare meM bhagavAna candraprabhu virAjamAra kA mAgha zukla saptamI ravivAra samvata 1917 meM the| bhaTrAraka devendrakIti kA yahAM para bhI bar3A huA / mandirajI pATodI aura mandirajI cAkasU ke bhArI bolavAlA thA / sarakAra ne unako vastra pradAna do ratha vIsa paMtha prAmnAya ke gaura bar3A mandira kara sammAnita kiyA thA tathA zrI jI kI bhI bheMTa tathA vadhIcanda jI kA mandira aise do teraha paMtha caDhAI thii| alavara se ratha AyA thaa| yaha melA AmnAya ke ratha nikAle gye| cAroM razoM kI bAraha dina calA thA jisameM bhajana saMgIta nRtya ke adbhuta zobhA thii| darzakoM kI bhIr3a ne jayapura meM atirikta nATaka bhI huyA thaa| isameM bAhara se anokhA avasara upasthita kiyaa| zobhA yAtrA meM bahata loga melA dekhane Ae the| ratha Amera se sarakArI lavAjamA to thA hI zahara meM upalabdha naMdalAla hukamacaMda baja kI naziyAM hote hue gaMgA zobhA kI sAmagrI bhI kama nahIM lagAI gaI thii| daravAje se jayapura nagara meM praviSTa hokara havA jaina aura jainetara sabhI samAjoM ne ina cAroM rathoM mahala jauharI bAjAra meM Ae the / tatkAlIna nareza ke mele ko dekha kara apanA janma saphala kiyA thaa| rAmasiMhajI ne eka Adeza dvArA pUrNa sahayoga diyA mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-111

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thaa| isakA pUrA varNana eka 'melA kI lAvaNI' nAmaka hindI racanA meM prApya hai / isa prakAra jainoM ke mele dharma se jur3e hue hote the aura aba bhI yaha paraMparA kAyama hai | maMDala mAMDanA pUjana bhajana nRtya saMgIta honA abhiSeka honA hI 2-112 jinameM pramukha hotA hai / khAna pAna sammAna gauNa rIti se hote haiM / inameM dharma prabhAvanA hotI hai / jainetara bhI isase prabhAvita hote haiM / kevala grAmoda pramoda ke liye mene nahIM lagAye jAte dhArmika bhAvanA hI inake mUla meM samAviSTa hai / mahAvIra rA svara gaMje hai ! zrI ghanazyAma mudagala rA0 saMskRta vidyAlaya, manoharapura / bhArata mAMhI dharama glAMniro, samaya jadAM bhI prAyo hai / OM hI samai bhArata mahatArI, dharama pUta nipajAyo haM // 1 // mahAvIra svAmI avatara, hiMsA ro bhUta bhagAyo hai / jaina dharma se tIrthaMkara, jIvAMne sukha pahuMcAyo ||2|| ja nahIM bacA sako jIvAMnai, to mAraNa ne kyUM dhAvo ho / dUjArA dhana se zoSaNa kara, kyUM anIta panAdo ho // 3 // kyUM jIvAM sUM bheda karo, kyUM ghRNA bhAva baDhAvo ho // saba parama pitA rA aMza, kyUM vidhana nayo upajAvI ho ||4|| paragAM jIvana maiM dhAra ahiMsA, satyavratI vo zrAge Ayo / samyaka darzana jJAna caritra sU, sva para ko bheda jatAyo ||5|| vo jJAna prakAza ro pujIbhUta, jaga sevA sU' neha lagAyo / deza videza meM ziSya baragAyA, ara jaina dharma nai pAyo ||6|| jaina dharma rI ghUma macI, ajJAna haTyo dharatI para sU / de upadeza jJAna ravi camakyo, hiMsA ghaTI dharA para saM // 7 // mahAvIra rA svara gUM jai hai, prANI mAtra rA kalejara saM / eTama jayA zastra badhyA, jaga dukhI huyA hiMlA Dara sU // 8 // paMcazIla neharU ro dekho, jaina dharma se sAra dharayo / gAMdhI bhI mAraga varaNA, vasudhA para paro nAma karyo // 9 // sagarA jIva jovara cAvai, ke thAro nukasAna karyo / hiMsA choDa hiMsaka hovo, kyUM parapaMca meM pAMtra dharyo // 10 // AkhA jagarA buddhijIviyo, jaina dharma sU' zikSA lyo / sva-para upagAra karantA, Adarza isArI dikSA tyo // 11 // mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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SORISM PORN COM S GOOO SORRO (Are) SPREAD vartamAna rAjasthAna rAjya meM vilaya hone vAlI bhU. pU. jayapura riyAsata meM aura cAhe kisI cIja kI kamI rahI ho lekina upasanAgRhoM tathA jJAnAlayoM ko yahA~ kabhI koI kamI nahIM rhii| mandiroM ke bAhulya ke kAraNa jahAM ise mandiroM ke nagara kI saMjJA se abhihita kiyA gayA vahAM jJAna ke kSetra meM yaha dUsarI kAzI kahalAI / upAsanA aura jJAnArjana kI isa daur3a meM jainoM ne bhI kabhI apane Apa ko anyoM se pIche nahIM rkhaa| na kevala saMkhyA kI dRSTi se apitu stara ko dRSTi se bhI ve anyoM kI tulanA meM kisI bhI prakAra pIche nahIM raheMge aisA hamArA vizvAsa hai| jayapura ke aise jJAnopAsakoM meM se kucha kA paricaya vidvAn lekhaka ne yahA~ prastuta kiyA hai| lekhaka ne bakhatarAma zAha ko godhA gotrIya batAyA hai jo vicAraNIya hai / -polyAkA jayapura kI prathama Der3ha zatI ke jaina sAhityakAra .DA. jyotiprasAda jaina jyoti nikuJja, cAra bAga, lakhanaU-1 vizvaprasiddha gulAbI nagarI jayapura vartamAna meM navIna rAjya kI sthApanA kii| paM0 bhaMvaralAla bhAratIya saMgha ke rAjasthAna rAjya kI rAjadhAnI hai, nyAyatIrtha kI sUcanAnusAra sthAnIya kiMvadaMtI hai ki aura dezI rAjyoM ke saMgha meM vilayana ke pUrva lagabhaga DhuDhAhara ke isa kachavAhA rAjya kA prathama nareza savA-dosau varSa paryanta kachavAhA rAjapUtoM kI soDhadeva thA jisane vi. saM. 1023 (san 966 I.) rAjadhAnI rahI thii| kachavAhA vaMza ko usa kacchapa- meM dausA aparanAma dhavalagiri ko rAjadhAnI banAkara ghaTa vaMza kI hI eka zAkhA anumAna kiyA jAtA apanA rAjyAraMbha kiyA tathA yaha ki usakA dIvAna hai jisakA zAsana 10vIM zatI I0 ke madhya ke nirabhairAma chAbar3A nAma kA eka jaina thaa| isa lagabhaga se 12vIM ke prAyaH madhya paryanta madhya pradeza anuzru ti meM asaMbhava kucha nahIM hai, sivAya isake ki ke gvAliyara tathA naravara meM rahA thA, tathA ghaTanA kI tithi saMdigdha lagatI hai-usake samarthana jisake nareza jaina dharmAvalambI the, jaisA ki meM koI puSTa pramANa hai yA nahIM, yaha hameM jJAta nahIM ukta kSetra meM upalabdha unake zilAlekhoM se pragaTa hai| kahA jAtA hai ki kucha samaya bAda dausA kA hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki 12vIM yA tyAga karake khoha ko, phira rAmagar3ha ko aura anta 13vIM zatI I0 meM kisI samaya usI vaMza kI eka meM Amera ko rAjadhAnI banAyA gyaa| kintu 16vIM zAkhA ne pUrvottara rAjasthAna ke DhuDhAhara (DhuDhAra yA zatI ke madhya paryanta Amera (yA ambara) ke ye r3ha DhADa) pradeza ke eka bhAga para adhikAra karake eka kachavAhe rAje apekSAkRta gauNa sthiti ke rhe| isa mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-113

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rAjya ke abhyudaya kA prAraMbha 1562 I0 se huA muniyoM ke bhakta aneka zrAvaka yahAM nivAsa karate jaba rAjA bhAramala (bihArImala) ne mugala samrATa the| vastutaH, isa rAjya meM prAyaH prAraMbha se jainoM prakabara kI adhInatA svecchApUrvaka svIkAra karalI kI acchI bastI evaM prabhAva-pratiSThA rahI hai, aura apanI putrI kA bAdazAha ke sAtha vivAha kara rAjadhAnI meM hI nahIM, rAjya ke aneka kasboM, grAmoM diyA / phalasvarUpa bhAramala ke putra rAjA bhagavAna Adi meM bhii| akabara dvArA 1567 I0 meM cittaur3a dAsa aura pautra mahArAja mAnasiMha mugala sAmrAjya kA vidhvaMsa evaM usa para adhikAra kara lene ke ke pradhAna stambha aura usake vistAra evaM zakti pariNAmasvarUpa cittaur3a kA nandIsaMdhI bhaTTArakIya saMvarddhana meM sarvAdhika sahAyaka bne| unake uttarAdhi- paTTa bhI vahA~ se uThakara Amera calA AyA-usa kAriyoM, mirjA rAjA jayasiMha aura savAI rAjA samaya paTTa para bhaTTAraka candrakIti (1565-1605 jayasiMha Adi ne bhI isI paramparA kA nirvAha I0) prAmIna the| kAlAntara meM cATasU, sAMgAnera, kiyA, aura sAtha hI Amera rAjya kI zakti evaM mahAvIra jI Adi rAjya ke anya kaI sthAnoM meM samRddhi meM abhUtapUrva unnati huI aura isa dRSTi se bhI zAkhApaTTa sthApita hue| jayapura rAjadhAnI bana vaha rAjasthAna kA sarva pramukha rAjya bana gyaa| jAne para tatkAlIna bhaTTAraka devendrakIti (1713 1741 I) ne bhI apanI gaddI Amera se haTAkara mahArAja savAI jayasiMha (1690-1743 I.) apane yuga kA prAyaH sarvopari rAjanItipaTu, kuzala jayapura meM hI sthApita krdii| vibhinna samayoM meM lagabhaga pacAsa-sATha jainoM ke isa rAjya ke dIvAna prazAsaka, vidyArasika, kalApremI evaM vidvAna rAjapUta pada para pratiSThita rahane kA patA calatA hai / anya nareza thaa| gaddI para baiThane ke kucha hI varSa bAda usane suniyojita DhaMga se eka ati bhavya nagara kA padoM para, choTe-bar3e rAjya karmacAriyoM ke rUpa meM nirmANa prArambha kara diyA, use aneka sundara anaginata jaina rAjya kI sevA karate rahe haiN| rAjya tathA rAjadhAnI ke sAhukArA, mahAjanI, vividha bhavanoM, udyAnoM, hATa-bAjAroM Adi se alaGkRta vyApAra evaM udyoga dhandhoM meM jainoM kA pramukha bhAga kiyA-prajA ke dhanIvarga ne bhI sotsAha sahayoga diyA / jaba 1727 I0 meM nagara kA nirmANa kArya rahatA AyA hai| saikar3oM bhavya evaM vizAla jina samApta prAyaH ho gayA to rAjadhAnI ko bhI prAmera maMdira aura anekoM sAMskRtika, zikSA evaM sArva janika jaina saMsthAe~ yahA~ vidyamAna haiN| aura, jaina se sthAnAntarita karake isI darzanIya jayanagara meM, jo kAlAntara meM jayapura nAma se vikhyAta huaA, sAhitya ke nirmANa evaM prasAra meM jayapura kA jo sthApita kara diyaa| yoga rahA hai vaha prAyaH advitIya hai| isa nagara ke nivAsI DA0 kastUracaMda kAsalIvAla ise 'jainanagara' DhaDhAhara pradeza meM jainoM kA nivAsa ati kI jo saMjJA dete haiM usameM atyukti nahIM hai / prAcIna kAla se rahA AyA lagatA hai / vairATa nagara ke prAcIna jainapurAtattva evaM abhilekhoM ke atirikta jayapura kSetra ko kama se kama sau-savAsau acche jayapura ke purAne ghATa ke nikaTa jhAmaDolI meM sthita jaina vidvAnoM, sAhityakAroM, kaviyoM Adi ko janma eka prAcIna zivAlaya meM, jo hanumAna mandira ke dene kA zreya hai, jinameM se adhikAMza san 1727 eka bhAga meM sthita hai, san 1155 I0 kA eka I0 meM jayapura nagara kI sthApanA ke bAda hI hue haiM zilAlekha prApta huA jisase vidita hotA hai ki aura isa mahAnagara se hI sambandhita rahe haiM / jayapura usakAla meM senasaMgha ke chatrasena, ambarasena prAdi nagara ke gata ar3hAI sau varSa ke itihAsa meM bhI 2-114 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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usako prAthamika Der3ha zatI, lagabhaga 1725--1875 padamapurANa, harivaMzapurANa, zrIpAla caritra, malliI0, to jayapura ke jaina sAhityika itihAsa kA nAtha caritra, puNyAsrava kathAkoSa (vi.saM 1777), svarNayuga rahA hai| isa yuga kI diggaja vidvat- paramAtmaprakAza kI hindI gadya vacanikAeM; vasucatuSTayI-paM. daulatarAma kAsalIvAla, prAcAryakalpa naMdi upAsakAdhyayana (TabbA, vi. saM. 1808), paM. ToDaramala, paM. jayacanda chAbar3A aura paM. sadAsukha puruSArtha siddhyupAya (vi. saM 1827), aura svAmI dAsa jI-to bahucarcita rahe haiM aura sarvaprasiddha kIrtikeyAnupekSA (vi. saM. 1826) kI hindI haiM / kintu inake atirikta jo lagabhaga pacAsa anya TIkAe~'; kriyAkoza (hi. gadya, vi. saM. 1795); jaina sAhityakAra isa yuga meM jayapura yA usake pAsa adhyAtma bAraha khar3I (hi. pdy.)| pAsa hue, unameM se syAt eka-Der3ha darjana hI aise haiM jinakI kucha carcA huI ho, va.tipaya kRtiyoM ke dIpacanda zAha kAsalIvAla - hindI gadya meM phuTakara ullekha hue hoM, athavA nAmAdi saMkSipta cidvilAsa (vi. saM. 1779), AtmAvalokana, paraparicaya prakAzita hue hoM, zeSa bahubhAga ko to mAtmapurANa aura anubhava prakAza; tathA hindI padya abhI taka sAhitya ke itihAsa meM sthAna milA ho, meM-jJAnadarpaNa, svarUpAnaMda, bhAvadIpikA aura upaaisA nahIM lgtaa| deshrtnmaalaa| astu, jayapurIya jaina sAhitya ke ukta svarNa khuzAlacanda kAlA-sAMgAnera ke nivAsI the, yuga se sambandhita granthakAroM aura unakI kRtiyoM kA, jJAta tithiyoM Adi sahita saMkSipta nirdeza kucha samaya jayapura meM bhI rahe pratIta hote haiM, kintu prastuta kiyA jAtA hai-- inakI sAhityika pravRttiyA~ jayapura ke bAhara anya sthAnoM meM hI rahakara huI pratIta hotI haiN| inakI bha. devendra kIti, Amera jayapura ke bhaTTAraka sAta-ATha bar3I kRtiyA~ haiM jo 1717 aura 1749 (1713-41 I0), samayasAra kI padArtha dIpikA I0 ke bIca racI gyiiN| TIkA (vi. saM. 1788), vidyAnuvAda, dIptisundara saMhitA tInoM saMskRta bhASA meN| likhamIdAsa paMDita sAMgAnerI-ne saM. 1782 meM hindI padya meM yazodharacaritra racA thaa| nemacanda paMDita, bha. devendra kIti ke gurubhAI aura bha. jagatkIti ke ziSya harivaMzapurANa aparanAma parvata dharmArthI-ne samAdhitantra sUtra (prAkRta) nemIzvararAsa, devendrakIrti kI jakar3I, pakhavAr3A, aura dravya saMgraha kI hindI TIkAeM 1725 aura kaI pUjAyeM-saba hindI meM racita, prathama kA racanA- 1735 I0 ke madhya kisI samaya racI thiiN| kAla saM. 1769 aura dvitIya kA 1770 / kizanacanda-kalyANasiMha ke putra ne 1727 pannAlAla saMghahi-ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra kA I0 meM kriyAkoza bhASA kI racanA kii| hindI padyAnuvAda, tathA praznottara sajjana cittavallabha kI hindI TIkA-prathama kRti kA racanAkAla vi.saM. kizanasiMha paMDita devIcanda ke putra-ne 1716 1770 hai| aura 1728 I0 ke madhya hindI padya meM apana daulatarAma paMDita, kAsalIvAla, basavA nivAsI kriyAkoza, bhadrabAhu caritra, rAtri bhojana kathA (jJAta racanAkAla 1720-70 I0) prAdipurANa, aura kizana-paccIsI kI racanA kI thii| mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-115

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... jJAnacandra saMghI, bha. jagatkIti ke ziSya-ne rAmacandra caudharI-ne 1750 I0 ke lagabhaga saM. 1798 (san 1741) meM hindI padya meM caturdazI- caturviMzati, pArzvanAtha aura mahAvIra pUjana kI kathA kI racanA kI tathA ekIbhAvastotra kI TIkA racanA kI thii| likhii| ToDaramalla, prAcAryakalpa paMDitapravara kA grantha ___ajayarAja pATaNI-ne saM.1792 meM yazodhara racanAkAla lagabhaga 1754 se 1768 I0 rahA caupaI kI, 1793 meM pArzvanAtha sAleTTA tathA jJAta hotA hai-ina kA mahAna grantha hai gommaTasAra neminAtha carita kI aura 1797 meM AdipurANa kI jIvakANDa, karmakANDa, labdhisAra evaM kSaparaNAsAra kI racanA kI thii| inake atirikta kaI phuTakara hindI gadya meM vahada saMyukta TIkA samyagjJAnacandrikA racanAe~ pUjAe~ tathA pada-bhajana Adi bhI haiN| (45000 zloka parimAraNa vi. saM. 1818), prAthamika racanAe~ cAramitrakathA (saM. 1781) aura trilokasAra vacanikA, arthasaMdRSTi adhikAra, prAtmAkakkAbattIsI (saM. 1783) haiN| nuzAsana aura puruSArthasiddhyupAya (apUrNa) kI vacanibakhatarAmazAha-cATasU nivAsI, godhAgotrIya kAe, mokSamArgaprakAzaka, tathA AdhyAtmika patra / khaMDelavAla, kahI-kahIM campAvatI nivAsI likhA hai kucha loga jJAnAnaMdazrAvakAcAra aura gommaTasAra jo cATasU kA hI aparanAma pratIta hotA hai- pUjA bhI inhIM ke dvArA racita batAte haiM / inhoMne 1743 aura 1770 I. ke bIca hindI padya meM dharmabuddhi kI kathA (saM. 1800), pratimA bahattarI lAlacaMda kavi sAMgAnerI-ne 1761-1785 I0 (saM. 1802), mithyAtvakhaMDana nATaka vacanikA ke bIca hindI padya meM vimalanAtha purANa, varAMga(saM. 1821) aura hindI gadya meM buddhivilAsa (saM. carita, samyaktvakaumudI, SaTkarmopadezaratnamAlA 1827) kI racanA kI thii| (saM. 1818), zikhara vilAsa (saM.1842), teraha mahendrakoti bhaTTAraka (1741-58 I0)-ne dvIpavidhAna, kaI anya pUjApATha, Agamazataka aura hindI meM nIrAMjanA kAvya kI racanA kii| trivarNAcAra (hindI-gadya) kI racanA kI thii| rAyamala, sAdharmI bhAI kA jayapura meM bahudhA . surendrakIti bhaTTAraka-(1765-1802 I0) purandrakAta bhaTTAraka-( nivAsa rahA, paM. ToDaramala ke praraka-prazaMsaka the, ne jambUdvIpaprajJapti saMgraha kA saMskRta rUpAntara (vi. samaya lagabhaga 1745-75 I0 hai-racanA . saM. 1833), tathA saMskRta meM hI munisuvrataparANa, hindI meM jJAnAnaMda-nijarasanirbhara-zrAvakAcAra tathA zreyAMsapurANa, samudAya stotravRtti, caturvizati gommaTasAra puujaa| jina kAvya (svopajJa vRtti sahita), kalyANaka udyApana, sammedazikhara pUjana, jJAnapaMcaviMzati udyAkuMvara dharmArtho, sambhavatayA uparokta parvata pana, zAMticakra pUjana aura kSetrapAla pUjA kI, tathA dharmArthI ke putra the-inhoMne 1749 I0 ke lagabhaga hindI padya meM jyeSThajinavara pUjAvrata kathA evaM bandhatribhaMgI (saM. 1806). prAsravatribhaMgI, udaya- paMcamAsa caturdazI vratodyApana kI racanA kI thii| tribhaMgI aura sattAtribhaMgI kI hindI gadya vacanikAe~ inake lagabhaga 100 hindI padoM kA bhI eka saMgraha likhI thiiN| 2-116 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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navalarAma khaMDelavAla basavA nivAsI-ne saM. anya kRtiyA~ tattvArthasUtra kI saMskRta TIkA tathA 1829 (1772 I0) meM hindI chandobaddha varddha mAna. bhASA pratiSThA pATha haiN| purANa racI thI, eka vinatI saMgraha bhI hai| budhajana, aparanAma biradhIcandra, paNDita aura lakhamIdAsa paMDita bhI saMbhavatayA jayapura kSetra kavi, jJAta racanA tithiyA~ san 1802 se 1835 ke hI nivAsI the-inhoMne saM. 1829 (1772 I0) I0 taka kI haiM-chahaDhAlA (saM. 1859), paMcAstimeM hindI harivaMzapurANa likhA thA / kAya hindI padya meM (saM.1891), tattvArthabodha (saM. 1871 yA 1889), budhajanasatasaI (saM. Tekacanda paMDita bhI saMbhavatayA jayapura pradeza ke 1879), budhajana vilAsa (saM. 1892) aura iSTa hI nivAsI the-nizcita jJAta nahIM hai, bhArI sAhitya- chttiisii'| varddha mAna purANa (hi. padya) bhI inakI kAra the-inakI sarvaprasiddha racanA sudRSTitaraMgiNI eka racanA rahI batAI jAtI hai / vacanikA (vi. saM. 1838) hai, usake pUrva tattvArtha sUtra kI zru tasAgarI TIkA kI vacanikA saM. 1837 jayacanda chAbar3A, bhArI sAhityakAra, 1804 se meM tathA tInaloka pajA meM. 1828 meM sIpI 1829 I. ke bIca aneka purAtana granthoM kI hindI gadya inake atirikta padmanaMdipaMcaviMzatikA TIkA, SaTpA vacanikAe~ likhIM-sarvArthasiddhi (saM.1861), parIkSAhuDa vacanikA, budhaprakAza chahaDhAlA, DhAlavANa, mukha (saM.1863), dravyasaMgraha (saM.1863) tathA isakA kathAkoza chandobaddha, paMcamerU, nandIzvara vidhAna, hindI padyAnuvAda bhI, AtmakhyAti samayasAra kI karmadahana, paMcaparameSThI prAdi kaI pUjAe~ aura saMskRta paramAdhyAtmataraMgiNI vacanikA (saM. 1864), praznamAlA inakI anya kRtiyA~ haiM / svAmikAttikeyAnuprekSA (saM. 1866), aSTapAhur3a (saM. 1867), jJAnArNava (saM. 1869 yA 1865), jinadAsa godhA jayapura nivAsI ne-saM. 1852 prameyaratnamAlA, patraparIkSA, devAgama stotra (saM. (1795 I0) meM hindo padya meM suguruzataka racA 1866 yA 1886) candraprabhacaritra, (ke dvitIyasarga nyAya bhAga kI), puNyAsravakathAkoza, sAmAyikapATha, thA / matasamuccaya, bhaktAmaracaritra-hindI padya (saM. sevArAma zAha jayapura nivAsI ne-saM. 1854 1870), phuTakara pada Adi kA saMkalana meM caubIsI pajA pATha tathA dharmopadeza chandobaTa (sa. 1874). jinaguNa sampatti kathA saM. 1845) kI racanA kI DAlUrAma agravAla, mAdhavarAjapura nivAsI nethii| yaha bakhatarAma zAha ke putra the| gurUpadeza zrAvakAcAra (saM. 1867) samyaktvaprakAza thAnAsaha bhI saMbhavatayA jayapura pradeza ke hI the (saM. 1871), paMcaparameSThi pUjana prAdi kaI pujAe~saM. 1847 meM inhoMne subuddhiprakAza kI racanA kI saba racanAeM hindI padyamayI haiM / thii| jIvanarAma godhA ne-hindI padya meM anantadevIdAsa godhA vasavA nivAsI-ne saM. 1844- vratakathA (saM. 1871) evaM aSTAhnikA kathA racI 45 meM siddhAntasAra saMgraha vanikA likhI thii| thii| mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78. 2-117

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zrIlAla pATanI ne--saM. 1870 meM terahadvIpapUjA aura akRtrima caityAlaya pUjA likhI haiM / inakI eka racanA prAptaparIkSA bhASA hai / mannAlAla sAMgA ne saM. 1871 meM cAritrasAra kI hi. gadya vacanikA likhI thI / amaracanda, jayapura rAjya ke dIvAna the, zAstramarmajJa aura vidvAnoM ke prazrayadAtA the, 19vIM zatI I0 ke pUrvArdha meM hue haiM- paramAtmaprakAza kI hindI TIkA likhI / kezarIsiMha paMDita ne - vi. saM. 1873 meM varddhamAnapurANa kI hindI vacanikA likhI aura saMskRta meM bRhaddhvajAropaNa pUjana / sadAsukhadAsa kAsalIvAla paMDitapravara, pUrNajIvana lagabhaga (1795-1867 I0), racanAoM se jJAta tithiyA~ 1821 se 1864 I0 taka kI haiMbhagavatI zrArAdhanA vacanikA (saM. 1878), tattvArtha sUtra kI arthaprakAzikA TIkA (saM. 1914), samAdhi 2-118 karaNa - mRtyumahotsava (saM. 1919) ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra TIkA (saM. 1920), nityaniyama pUjA TIkA (saM. 1921), nATaka samayasAra vacanikA, paMcapratikramaNasUtra vacanikA, prakalaGkASTaka vacanikA, Adi / vyAkaraNa viSaya kI bhI eka kRti inhoMne racI batAI jAtI hai / nemicanda pATanI ne ke bIca tIna bhASA pUjAeM racIM / 1823 se 1864 I0 campArAma dovAna ne sa. 1882 ( san 1825 kI / pannAlAla caudharI, bhArI zAstrakAra the, 19vIM zatI I0 ke pUrvArdha meM hue, lagabhaga 35 granthoM kI hindI gadya vacanikAe~ likhIM, yathA - vasunaMdi I0) meM jaina caityastava kI hi.-padya meM racanA zrAvakAcAra, subhASitArNava tattvasAra, praznottara zrAvakAcAra, nidattacaritra, tattvArthasAra, sadbhASitAvalI, zrArAdhanAsAra, dharmaparIkSA, yogasAra, samAdhizataka, tattvArthasAradIpaka, subhASita ratna saMdoha, bhaktAmara kathA, pANDavapurANa, yazodhara caritra, jambucaritra, jIvaMdhara caritra, gautamacaritra, bhaviSyadatta caritra, pracArasAra, navatattva, zrAvakaprati*maraNa, svAdhyAyapATha, vividha bhaktiyA~ aura vividha stotra / udayacanda luhADyA ne -- 1825 I0 ke lagabhaga ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra vacanikA likhI / tArAcanda ne isI samaya ke lagabhaga tIsacauvIsI pUjA kI racanA kI / javAhiralAla paMDita ne isI samaya ke lagabhaga tIsa - caubIsI pUjA trilokasAra vidhAna, aura sammedazikhara mahAtmya evaM pUjAvidhAna kI racanA kI / RSabhadAsa nigotyA ne saM. 1888 meM nandalAla chAbar3A ke sahayoga se mUlAcAra kI hindI gadya vacanikA likhii| inakI granya racanAe~ ratnatraya pUjA - jayamAla aura vrata vicAra haiM / naMdalAla chAbar3A ne --- RSabhadAsa nigotyA ke sahayoga se RSi maMDala mantrapUjA aura tIsa-caubIsI pUjA samuccaya kI hindI meM racanA kI / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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amaracanda luhAr3A ne-saM. 1891 meM bIsa- ratnakaraNDa thAvakAcAra aura siddhi prayastotra ke virahamAnapUjA aura caubIsI pUjA kI racanA kii| hindI padyAnuvAda, tathA samAdhitaMtra-vacanikA, inakI anya kRtiyA~ haiM buddhiprakAza, amaracandrikA sukumAlacaritra, mahIpAlacaritra, ratnatraya kathA, aura samayasAra TIkA bhASA, jo pannAlAla SoDasakAraNavrata kathA, aSTAhnikA kathA hindI gadya (caudharI ?) ke sahayoga se likhii| meM likhii| sarUpajI bilAlA ne-isI samaya ke lagabhaga pannAlAla saMghI dUnIvAle bhI sadAsukhajI ke trilokasAra kA hindI padyAnuvAda kiyA tathA 12 priya ziSya the---inhoMne uttarapurANa vacanikA, tattvArthasUtra, tattvArthasAradIpaka (saM. 1937), pUjAe~ rcii| tattvArtharAjabArtika, nyAyadIpikA, dravya saMgraha, sarvasukharAya paMDita ne---saM. 1896 meM samo. ratnakaraMDazrAvakA vAra, ipTopadeza kI hindI TIkAe~ likhIM, aura jaina vivAha paddhati (saM.), dharmadazAvasaraNapUjA kI racanA kii| tAra yA dharmapradIpaka nATaka (saM.) bimbanirmANa vidhi (hi.) aura vidvajjanabodhaka inake svataMtra zivajIlAla paMDita-acche vidvAna the, inakA grantha haiN| kAryakAla lagabhaga 1840 se 1885 I0 taka rahA pratIta hotA hai| racanAe~-bhagavatI ArAdhanA ___ phatehalAla-bhI sadAsukhajI ke ziSya aura kI bhAvArthadIpikA saMskRta TIkA (saM. 1918), gajapanthamaNDalapUjana vidhAna-saMskRta (saM. 1939), 19390 pannAlAla dUnIvAloM ke mitra evaM sAhityika sahatathA bodhasAra, darzanasAra (saM. 1923), adhyAtma- yogI the---vivAha paddhati, dazAvatAranATaka, rAjataraMgiNI, ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra aura umAsvAmi- vAttika, nyAyadIpikA Adi kRtiyA~ ina donoM kI zrAvakAcAra kI hindI TIkAe~, aura hindI meM saMyukta rUpa meM haiN| carcAsAra, carcAsaMgraha evaM terahapaMtha khaMDana / mannAlAla bainAr3A ne---saM. 1916 meM pradyumnacaina jI luhADyA ne-1850 I0 ke lagabhaga caritra kI hi. gadya vanikA likhI thii| prakRtrima caityAlaya pUjA bhASA likhI / dulIcanda bAbA ne jayapura meM 1869 I0 meM pArasadAsa nigotyA, RSabhadAsa nigotyA ke jaina zAstranAmamAlA nAmaka eka vRhat jaina grantha putra aura paM. sadAsukha jI ke ziSya the-inhoMne / ___ sUcI taiyAra kI thii| inhoMne dharmopadezaratnamAlA, saM. 1917 meM jJAnasUryodaya kI bhASA TIkA, 1918 meM catuvizatikA-vacanikA rcii| inake pada Adi subhASitArNava, pratiSThAsAra, nityadharmaprakriyA aura kA saMgraha pArasa vilAsa hai| jainAgara prakriyA (saM. 1955) kI hindI TIkAe~ bhI likhI haiN| nAthUlAla dosI bhI sadAsukha jI ke ziSya the, inhoMne-paramAtmaprakAza vacanikA (saM. 1911), mahAcanda vibudha bhI isI samaya ke lagabhaga ratnatrayajayamAla vacanikA (saM. 1924), darzanasAra hue haiM, inhoMne---saMskRta, prAkRta aura bhASA meM mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-119

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mahApurANa likhI, jainendralaghuvRtti, sAmAyika pATha vidvAna evaM sAhityakAra hue, jinakI kRtiyoM kI bhASA, trilokasArapUjA, jinastutipaMcaviMzatikA, saMkhyA do aDhAI sau se Upara hI hai| uparokta 56 Adi kI racanA kI thii| sAhityakAroM ke atirikta bhI kucha hue ho sakate - pannAlAla godhA 'marakata' ne -1876 I0 haiM, aura saMbhava hai ki ullekhita vidvAnoM meM se do (saM. 1933) meM marakatamaNi vilAsa vanikA cAra kA sambaMdha jayapura ke sAtha rahA na pAyA likhI thI, marakatavilAsa, samyagdarzanacaMdrikA, jAya / uparisUcita nAma, kRti nAma, kRti saMkhyA, pAkSika zrAvaka candrikA tathA jaina bAlabodhatriMzatikA / tithiyoM Adi meM bhI kahIM-kahIM truTiyA~ rahI ho inakI anya racanAe~ haiN| sakatI hai / tathApi jayapura ke tatkAlIna sAhitya ___ isa prakAra jayapura meM ukta DeDha sau varSa (saM. seviyoM ke prAmANika itihAsa ke nirmANa meM yaha 1725-1875 I0) meM pacAsa se adhika zreSTha lekha preraka ho sakatA hai / nArI nArI pustaka nahIM kavitA hai use par3hA nahIM jiyA jAtA hai kavi hone ke nAte maiM tuma para doharI kavitA jIne kI * mamatA mAlapANI dhyAkhyAtA : sI. pI. mahilA kAleja 113, sarAphA vArDa, jabalapura-2 mAnasikatA nahIM thopUgI para itanA anurodha avazya karUMgIuse dainandinI mata samajho jisa para apanI dinacaryA kA hisAba likha tuma pArAma se so jAoM aura vaha rAta bhara karavaTeM badalatI rahe 2-120 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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hindI sAhitya meM vRnda, rahIma zrAdi ke dohe subhASitoM ke rUpa meM paryApta vikhyAta rahe haiN| zAyada hI koI ho jise ina kaviyoM kA ekAdha dohA yAda na ho| jaina kaviyoM ne bhI aise doha likhe haiM jinakA yadi mUlyAMkana kiyA jAya to ve ina kaviyoM ke dohoM se kisI bhI dRSTi se kama nahIM utareMge kintu Aja koI unheM jAnatA taka nahIM kyoMki na to unakA prakAzana hotA hai aura na unheM pAThyakrama Adi meM rakhAne kA prayatna / jo kucha thor3A prayatna huvA bhI hai to usameM jainoM se adhika hAtha jainetaroM kA hI hai / yadi kucha chapatA bhI hai to atyanta sImita saMkhyA meM aura usake pIche bhI mizanarI bhAvanA ke sthAna meM koI anya ho bhAvanA kAma karatI hai| jayapura ke hI kavi viradha canda jaina ne budhajana upanAma se eka satasaI kI dohA chandoM meM racanA kI thii| unake race aura bhI grantha haiM kintu ve pUre chape nahIM yA chape to atra prApya nahIM, phira unake mahatva kA patA vidvAnoM ko lage to kaise ! budhajana satasaI sAta sau eka dohoM kI yaha kRti kavi budhajana ne, anta meM dI gaI kavi prazasti ke anusAra, DhUMDhAra pradeza ke jaipura nagara meM nRpa jayasiMha ke rAjyakAla meM saMvat 1879 meM jyeSTha kRSNa aSTamI ravivAra ko pUrNa kI thI / isa kRti, jise kavi ne grantha kI saMjJA dI hai, kA sAra svayaM unake zabdoM meM nimnavat hai : 'bhUkha sahI dArida sahau, sahau loka apakAra / niMdakAma tuma mati karo, yahai graMthako sAra // sadAcaraNa para bala dene vAle isa satasaI ke mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 polyAkA zrI ramAkAnta jaina jyoti nikuMja, cAra bAga, lakhanaU sugama subhASitoM kA guraNa, kavi kI bhASA meM, 'sunata par3hata samajhaiM saraba, hareM kubudhi kA phera' hai / ina subhASitoM kI racanA karane ke pIche jo pra eraka tatva thA use spaSTa karate hue budhajana ne likhA hai : 'nA kAhU kI preranA, nA kAhU ko prAsa / apanI mati tIkhI karana, vanyo varanavilAsa || ' siddhoM ko namaskAra kara grantha OM namaH karate samaya hI kavi ne apanI kRti kA nAma, AkAra aura uddezya nizcita kara liyA thA yaha prathama dohe se spaSTa hai 2-121

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'sanama tipada sanamatikaraNa, bandauM maMgalakAra / kavi ne apane ko dIna, anAtha aura avaguNoM baranai budhajana satasaI, nijaparahitakaratAra // ' kA dhAma mAnA hai tathA apane ko bAlaka, vAnara kI koTi meM rakhate hue apane dInAnAtha tAranatarana apane isa grantha ko kavi ne devAnurAgazataka, prArAdhya se bhavasAgara se tAra lene kI bAra-bAra subhASita nIti, upadezAdhikAra, virAga bhAvanA vinatI kI hai / bhakta kavi sUradAsa ke 'mere aauguna aura kavi prazasti nAmaka prakaraNoM meM vibhAjita citta na dharau' pada kI bhAMti hI budhajana ne bhI kiyA hai| devAnu gizataka meM jaisA nAma se hI apane ArAdhya se mAMga kI haispaSTa hai devabhakti ke 100 dohe haiN| subhASita nIti adhikAra meM nIti sambandhI 200 dohe haiN| mere progana jina ginau, maiM aaugunako dhAma / upadezAdhikAra meM bhI 122 dohe to nIti subhA- patita udhAraka pApa ho, karau patita ko kAma / / Sita haiM zeSa meM se 15 vidyAprazaMsA meM, 14 mitratA aura saMgati para, 8 jumA niSedha para, 6 mAMsa aura zikAyata kI hainiSedha para, 6 madya niSedha para, 6 vezyA niSedha para, sunI nahIM ajauM kahU~, bipati rahI hai dhera / 6 zikAra kI nindA meM, 7 corI nindA meM aura aurani ke kAraja sare, DhIla kahA mo bera / / 9 parastrIsaMga niSedha para racita haiM / virAgabhAvanA meM vairAgya jAgRta karane vAle 195 dohe haiM aura phira apane deva kI kaThinAI ko samajhate hue anta ke sAta dohoM meM kavi ne apanI prazasti kavi vinatI karatA hailikhI hai| hAri gaye ho nAtha tuma, adhama aneka udhAri / devAnurAgazataka meM kavi apane prArAdhya kA dhIre dhIrai sahaja maiM, lIjai mohi uvAri / / guNagAna karate hue nahIM aghAyA hai aura yaha yAcanA karatA haituma anaMtaguna mukhathakI, kaise gAye jAta / aura nAhiM jAcU prabhU, ye vara dIna mohi / Ida munida phaniMda hU, gAna karata thaki jAta / / jaulauM siva pahuMcU nahIM, taulau~ seU tohi // tuma anaMta mahimA atula, yauM mukha karahUM gAna / sAgara jala pIta na baneM, pIje tRSA samAna / / ___ yadyapi kavi ne apane iSTa deva kA nAmollekha nahIM kiyA, kintu unakA jo guNagAna kiyA hai AnaMdadhana tuma nirakhika, haraSata hai mana mora / usase spaSTa hai ki ve jinendra ke upAsaka the / dUra bhayau prAtApa saba, sunikai mukhakI dhora // vItarAga jinendra ke prati yaha dAsya bhakti yadyapi kucha vicitra sI lagatI hai, kintu unakI yaha prAna thAna aba nA rucaM, mana rAcyau tuma nAtha / vinatI-yAcanA tulasI kI vinayapatrikA, sura ke ratana ciMtAmani pAyakai, gahai kAca ko hAtha / / vinaya pada tathA anya pUrvavatI eva samakAlIna bhakta jaise bhAnu pratApate, tama nAsai saba or| kaviyoM dvArA apane ArAdhya ke prati kiye gaye taise tumma nirakhata nasyau, saMzayavibhrama mora // bhaktigAnoM kI zrRMkhalA meM kI gaI bhAvAbhi vyakti hai| dhanya naina tuma darama lakhi, dhani mastaka lakhi pAya / zravana dhanya vAnI sunai, rasanA dhani guna gAya // subhASita khaNDa aura upadezAdhikAra prakaraNa 2-122 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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meM kavi ne loka.maryAdA ke saMrakSaNa hetu aneka jinakA mana Atura bhayA, te bhUpati nahi raMka / hitakArI nIti kI bAteM batAI haiM / kabIra, tulamI / jinakA mana saMtoSa maiM, te nara indra nisaMka / / rahIma, vRda aura bihArI ke nIti viSayaka dohoM kI paramparA meM racita isa khaNDa ke dohoM para bhIMga pUcha bina baila haiM, mAnuSa binA biveka / saMskRta ke subhASitoM kI bhI chApa hai| paM0va0 bhakhya abhaba samajhe nahIM, bhaginI bhAminI ek|| namicanda zAstrI ke anusAra 'katipaya dohe to nA jAne kulazIlake, nA kIjai vizvAsa / paMcataMtra aura hitopadeza ke nItizlokoM kA anuvAda tAta mAta jAta dukhI, tAhi na rakhiye pAsa / / pratIta hote haiM / tulasI. kabIra aura rahIma ke dohoM se bhI kavi anAgita sA pratIta holA ganikA jogI bhUbhipati, vAnara ahi maMjAra / "kina hama donoM meM kavi kI prapanI mauli. inata rAkheM mitratA, parai prAna urajhAra / / katA bhI spaSTa hai| pAribhASika jaina zabdoM ke adhika saralatA sukhada nahiM, dekho vipina nihAra / prayoga dvArA kavi ne samyaktva kI mahimA, mithyAla sIdhe biravA kaTi gaye, bAMke khare hajAra / / kI hAni evaM cAritra kI mahattA pratipAdita kI hai| sAtha hI lokoktiyoM aura muhAvaroM kA duguNa kSudhA laja caugunI, aSTa gunau vivasAya / pracura prayoga kiyA hai / eka-eka dohe meM jIvana kAma vasu gunI nArika, varanyau sahaja subhAya / ko pragatizIla banAne vAle amUlya sandeza sarala bhASA meM bhare hue haiN| jinheM dekhakara bihArI kura kurUpA kala hinI, karakasa vaina kaThora / satasaI ke sambandha meM kahI jAne vAlI uktiyAM aisI bhUtani bhogibau, basivau narakani dhora / / barabasa yAda A jAtI haiN| vAstava meM budhajana nRpati nipuna anyAya paiM, lobha nipuna paradhAna / satasaI bhI gAgara meM sAgara hai| isake dohoM ke cAkara corI maiM nipuna, kyauM na prajA kI hAna / paThana aura bhanana se hRdaya pUta bhAvanAoM se bhara jAtA hai| upayukta khaNDoM ke dohoM kI bAnagI viragabhAvanA prakaraNa meM budhajana ne saMsAra nimnalikhita dohoM meM dekhI jA sakatI hai ---- kI asAratA kA rocaka aura sajIva citraNa kiyA eka carana hUM nita paDhe, to kATa ajJAna / hai aura kaTu satya ko prakaTa kiyA hai| isa prasaMga meM nimnAMkita dohe dRSTavya haiM - panihArI kI leja sauM, sahaja kaTai pASAna / / para upadeza karana nipuna, te tau lakhai aneka / keza palaTi palaTyA vapU, nA palaTI mana bA~ka / karai samika bolai samika, te hajAra meM eka / / bhujaina jaratI jhUparI, te jara cuke nisAMka / / jo kudeva ko pUjikai, cAhai zubha kA mela / ko hai suta ko hai tiyA, kA ko dhana parivAra / so bAlU ko pelikai, kADhyA cAhe tela // pAke mile sarAya meM, bichureMge niradhAra // parakA mana mailA nirakhi, mana bana jAtA ser|| parI rahaigI saMpadA, dharI rahaigI kAya / jaba mana mAMge pAnate, taba mana kA hai sera // chalabali kari kyoM hu na bavai, kAla jhapaTa le jAya / / gati gati maiM marate phira, manamaiM gayA na pher| ni sa sUte saMpatisahita, prAta ho gaye raMka / phera miTai te manatanA, mara na dUjI bera // sadA rahai nahiM ekasI, nibhai na kAkI baMka // mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-123

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tucha sthAnapa ati gAphilI, khoI Ayu asAra / Upara cacita satasaI ke atirikta unhoMne, DA. aba to gAphila mata rahau, nIr3A pAta karAra // jyotiprasAdajI ke anusAra, chahaDhAlA (saM0 1859 dedhArI bacatA nahIM, soca na kariye bhrAta / meM), tatvArthabodha (saM0 1871 yA 1889 meM), tana tau tajige rAmase, rAvana kI kahA bAta / / paJcAstikAya (hindI padya meM saM0 1891 meM), budhajana vilAsa (saM0 1892 meM), iSTachattImI hindI brajabhASA meM racita isa satasaI meM, aura vartamAnapurANa (hindI padya meM) kI racanAe jaisA ki Upara uddhRta dohoM se bhI prakaTa hai kii| yaha Azcarya kA viSaya hai ki budhajana satasaI DhUMDhArI bolI kA prabhAva hai jo ki kavi ke usa eka dharmanirapekSa nItiparaka sAhityika kRti hote pradeza kA hone ke kAraNa svAbhAvika hai| apabhraza hue bhI hindI jagata meM aba taka upekSita rahI hai, aura urdU ke zabdoM kA prayoga bhI kavi ne kiyA sAhityika rasikoM ne isakA mUlyAMkana nahIM kiyA hai / anuprAsa, yamaka aura utprekSA Adi alaMkAroM hai| yadi anusaMvitsu isa saMkSipta paricaya se preraNA kI chaTA bhI isa granya meM yatra-tatra chAI hai| le isa kRti kA sahI mUlyAMkana karAkara use hindI 'karatAra' zabda kA prayoga nimna dohe meM dRSTavya hai- sAhitya meM ucita sthAna dilA sake to kyA hI acchA ho| uparokta vivecana pitAjI (DA0 paramadharamakaratAra haiM, bhavijanasukhakaratAra / jyotiprasAdajI ke saMgraha meM upalabdha budhajana satasaI nita bandana karatA rahU~, merA gahi kara tAra // mata 1010 jIpIkA ke budhajana kavi kA upanAma hai| unakA mUla AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai jise paM. nAthUrAma premI nAma biradhIcanda thA / vaha jayapura nivAsI khaNDela. ne saMzodhita-sampAdita kara apane jaina grantha vAla jaina the / eka acche paNDita aura kavi the| ratnAkara kAryAlaya se prakAzita kiyA thaa| durjana pradoSAmapi doSAktA pazyanti racanA khalAH / ravimUrti mivolukAstamAla dala kAlikAm / / artha- durjana loga nirdoSa racanA meM bhI doSa hI dekhate haiM jaise ulla sUraja ko tamAla ke patte kI taraha kA kAlA dekhatA hai / -raviSeNAcArya 2-124 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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prasiddha krAMtikArI saradAra bhagatasiMha ne phAMsI para jhalane se pUrva bar3e joza se kahA thA--'zahIdoM kI citAoM para jur3eMge hara varSa mele, kauma para marane vAloM kA bAko yahI nizAM hogA, kintu unakA kathana kathana mAtra hI raha gayA / citAoM para hara varSa mele jur3ane kI bAta to dUra bahuta se zahIdoM ko to prAja bilakula bhulA hI diyA gyaa| saMghI jhUthArAma eka aise hI svatantratA premI vyakti the / jaisA ki aise vyaktiyoM ke sAtha prAyaH hotA pAyA hai itihAsakAroM ne unake sAtha nyAya nahIM kiyA / agrajasama bhAI bhaMvaralAlajI ne jayapura ke jaina dIvAnoM para bahuta kAma kiyA hai| lekina vaha saba prakAzana kI bATa joha rahA hai| digambara samAja ke kartA dhartA zrImAna dhImAna patA nahIM kyoM isa mahatvapUrNa kArya kI ora se udAsIna haiM ? pUrvajoM ke preraNAspada gauravazAlI vyaktitvoM ko prakAza meM lAne meM unake sAmane na mAjUma kyA bAdhA hai ? aAja khaNDelavAla jaina (sarAvagI) samAja ko jo vartamAna avasthA hai usakA eka sabase bar3A kAraNa yaha bhI hai ki ve apanI jAti ke pUrva preraNAspada gaurava se aparicita haiN| -polyAkA saMghI jhUtArAma aura unake pUrvaja samAjaratna paM0 bhaMvaralAla nyAyatIrtha sapAdaka-vIravANI (jayapura) rAjasthAna ke itihAsa meM jainoM kA sAhitya, apAra sAhitya dvArA pratibhAsita ho rahA hai kalA, zaurya, zAsana, rAjanIti prAdi sabhI kSetroM meM vahAM jaina mandiroM kI sthApatya kRtiyAM unake kalA mahatvapUrNa yogadAna rahA hai| jaina saMskRti kI rakSA prema ko pradarzita kara rahI haiN| isI prakAra prAnta karate hue isa prAnta kI unane apAra sevA kI kI zAsana vyavasthA aura rAjanIti meM bhI jainoM kA hai / jahAM sAhitya nirmANa evaM usake saMrakSaNa kA bahuta hAtha rahA hai / prastuta nibandha meM hamane aise kArya pratyeka mandiroM ke zAstra bhaMDAroM meM sthita hI eka vyakti aura unake pUrvajoM ke bAre meM pAThakoM mahAvIra jayanta smArikA 2-125

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ko jAnakArI dene kA prayatna kiyA hai jise mahAna meM eka padya pracalita haihote hue bhI itihAsakAroM ne anyathA citrita kiyA hai| vaha vyakti hai saMghI jhUtArAma / rAja daNDa bharagho DAlU mAlU ko DUbI dyaantdaarii| naitika virodha ke kAraNa jise kAphI badanAma kiyA cAkara hokara corI kIja, nAtara hosiikhvaarii| gayA hai| prAnta meM agrejoM kA prAdhipatya na jamane dene ke kAraNa jise bAgI mAnA gayA- deza bhaktoM ___ saMghI DAlU ke putra khetasI the aura khetasI ke kA josthiti huI vaha hI usa svatantratA kI putra mohanadAsa the jo mirjA rAjA jayasiMha ke mahAmantrI the / saM. 1714-16 meM mohanadAsa dvArA banAye gaye prAmera ke jaina mandira-(jo ava jaina mandira nahI hai) ke zilAlekha jo myUjiyama meM saMghI bhUtArAma ke pUrvajoM ne DhUDhAhaDa rAjya rakhe haiM-unameM 'mohanadAso mahAmantrI jayasihakI bahuta sevAyeM kI haiM / isa vaMza meM kaI dIvAna- mahIbhataH' kA tathA 'mahArAjAdhirAja zrI jayasiha pradhAnamaMtrI hue haiN| sarva prathama jisa vyakti kA stasya mukhya pradhAna ambAvatI nagarAdhikArI, ullekha milatA hai vaha hai saMdhI mallidAsa jisakA nijayazaH-sudhA-dhavalIkRtavizvaH sArthakanAmadheyaH' caudharI mAlA yA mAlI jai bhauMsA yA mAlu Adi aAdi zabdoM kA ullekha milatA hai| isase spaSTa nAmoM se ullekha milatA hai| saMvat 1650 meM hai ki ye mahAmantrI the| ASAr3ha kRSNAdazamI ravivAra ko pratiSThita kAlADerA kasbe ke digambara mandira meM virAjamAna mUrti ke lekha isI vaMza meM mohanadAsa ke bar3e putra kalyANameM isa vaMza kA paricaya hai| mojamAbAda vAstavye dAsa bhI dIvAna the| auraMgajeba ke darabAra meM likhA hai / bhauMsA-baDajAtyA gotrIya prAyaH adhika zivAjI ko lAne meM jayapura rAjAoM kA hAtha parivAra corU mojamAbAda meM hI haiN| saM. 1658 thA-sAgarA se pratidina kA patra vyavahAra inhIM "lA ja bhAsA ne bimba pratiSThA karAI thii| saMghI kalyANadAsajI se hotA thaa| mohanadAsa ke Amera evaM kaI sthAnoM ke jaina mandiroM meM isa tRtIya putra ajItadAsa bhI dIvAna the| saM. 1770 saMvat kI pratiSThita mUrtiyAM upalabdha haiM / mAlI jai lAja meM bhaTTAraka devendrakIti ke paTTAsIna hote samaya bhauMsA ne usa samaya corU, dUdU, bodarasIMdarI, ye upasthita the-aisA kavi nemicandra kRta jakar3I sAkhaNa aura arAMI ina pAMca sthAnoM para vizAla bholataH ullekha hai| saM. 1788 meM inane mandira banavAye the jo Aja bhI maujUda haiM / saM0 jasapara meM do coka kA vizAla mandira banavAyA 1663 meM likhita karakaNDa' caritra kI prazasti thA jo saMghIjI ke mandira ke nAma se grAja bhI meM inake pitA kA nAma UdA milatA hai / usameM vikhyAta hai| mandira ke sAmane hI inakI vizAla inake lie saMghabhAra dhurandhara likhA hai| inake havelI thii| sabase bar3e putra DAlU the jinake liye saMghabhAra dhurandhara, jina pUjA purandara, jina caityAlaye pratiSThA saMghI ajItadAsa ke vaMza meM saMghI hukamacanda kAraNoka tatpara zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| aura saMghI jhUtArAma hue / saMghI hukamacanda phauja saM. mAlI je ke putra saMghI DAla the ve rAjya meM ke iMcArja the, dIvAna the| saM. 1881 se 1891 ucca pada para the-bar3e ImAnadAra the-jhUThI taka inakA kAryakAla thaa| inheM rAya bahAdura kA zikAyata para daNDa bhugatanA par3A thaa| unake saMbaMdha khitAba thA / ve bar3e bahAdura aura vIra the / rAjA ke 2-126 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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ye saMrakSaka the| vaMza bhAskara ke pRSTha 4260 para nIcA kara liyA aura kara denA svIkAra kiyaa|" likhA hai-"jahaM hukamacanda bhUtAgrajAta / nRpa san 1803 ke sandhi patra meM koI kara denA taya piThThi khavAsI tini nibhAta / " ve bar3e dharmAtmA bhI nahIM huA thaa| the / jayapura zahara ke bAhara uttara pUrva kone meM inane eka nasiyAM banAI thI jo saMghI hukamacanda rAjA jagatasiMha kA nissaMtAna saM. 1875 kI nasiyAM ke nAma se prAja vikhyAta hai| inake (21-12-1818) meM svargavAsa ho gyaa| ataH putra viradhIcanda bhI 1886-88 meM dIvAna rhe| rAjya meM kaI dAvedAra banane lge| jagatasiMha jI kI dvitIya rAnI bhaTiyAnI jI ne batAyA ki ve isa vaMza meM vahucavita vyakti saMghI bhUtArAma garbhavatI haiM / isakI jAMca huI / di. 25-4-1819 hue haiM / ve vicakSaNa vyakti the| inakA janma saM. ko unake putra janmA jinakA nAma dvi.jayasiMha rakhA 1832 ke AsapAsa mAgha kRSNA 14 ko huA thA gayA / paTarAgI rAThor3a jI ke bajAya putra janmainakA dIvAna pada para kAryakAla saM. 1884 se dAtrI bhaTiyAraNI rAnI rAjamAtA ho gii| ataH 1891 mAnA jAtA hai| saM. 1877 se pahale bhI donoM rAniyoM meM anabana rahane lgii| nAbAlagI ke ye rAjya meM ucca pada para the| inakA sArA jIvana isa kAla meM rAvala vairIsAla maMtrI the| 12 maI, saMgharSamaya rahA hai ye bar3e jIvaTa ke vyakti the| 1819 ko rAjya ke ThAkuroM, mutsaddiyoM aura pramukha saMghI bhUtArAma ke sambandha meM likhane se pUrva kAryakartAoM kI ora se rAjamAtA ko eka zapathapatra kucha tatkAlIna jayapura kI paristhitiyoM para bhI prastuta kiyA gayA ki nAbAlagI ke samaya hama purI eka dRSTi DAlanA Avazyaka hai| jayapura ke satarkatA se kArya kreNge| isameM kaI jaina adhikArI tatkAlIna rAjA jagatasiMha (saM. 1860 se 1875) the| rAjamAtA svAdhInatA pramI thI, vaha aMgrejoM kA samaya jayapura ke itihAsa meM eka azAnti kA kA dakhala kataI nahIM cAhatI thii| rAvala vairIsAla samaya rahA hai| jayapUra kA yuddharata rahanA, rAjA rAjya kArya meM rAjamAtA kA dakhala nahIM cAhate kA aiyyAzI jIvana, rAjanaitika uthala puthala, the| rAvala ko agrejoM kA saMrakSaNa thaa| phalata: aMgrejoM kA riyAsata meM jamAva Adi aisI ghaTanAeM rAjamAtA aura maMtrI meM mataikya nahIM rahA / paraspara haiM jisase jayapura janajIvana evaM rAjya vyavasthA anabana rahatI thii| rAjamAtA ko saMghI bhUtArAma asta vyasta rhii| jayapura rAjya ke sAtha aMgrejoM kA pUrA vizvAsa thaa| kyoMki saMdhI agrejoM ke kI saMdhi san 1803 meM huI para vaha sthira nahIM dakhala ke viruddha thA-svatantratA pramI thaa| vaha rhii| san 18 13 meM phira pragrejoM ne dakhala cAhA sUjha bUjha vAlA, dUradarzaka, zAsana paTu thaa| rAjapara unheM saphalatA nahIM milI, san 1817 meM bhI mAtA ne prAya ke vibhAga kA maMtrI saMghI ko banAyA kAmayAbI nahIM milii| anta meM rAvala vairIsAla ke rAvala ko saMghI kA hastakSepa pasanda na paayaa| maMtritva kAla meM san 1818 meM sandhi huI jisameM rAjamAtA ne donoM ko milakara kAma karane kI cAra lAkha se ATha lAkha taka sAlAnA kara aMgrejoM salAha dii| ko dene kA vAyadA humA phalataH rAvala vairIsAla ko agrejoM kA saMrakSaNa milaa| baladeva prasAda san 1821 meM jayapura meM poliTikala ejensI mizra ne rAjasthAna ke itihAsa pRSTha 633-634 kAyama huii| ejenTa ne rAvala ko sArA kAma meM likhA hai ki 'isa saMdhi se jayapura rAjya ne saMbhalavAne, rAja kArya meM se rAjamAtA ko hAtha cirakAla ke lie apane svAdhIna Uce mastaka ko kheMcane aura rAjya ke andarUnI hisAba kitAba ke mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-121

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momaloM meM aMgrejoM ke adhikAra kI tajabIja kI kI lahara bhI bar3hI / rAvala ke khilApha cArja lagAisase rAjamAtA nArAja huI / saMghI jhUtArAma, kara rAjamAtA ne eka sarkulara ghumAyA jisa para dIvAna amaracanda prAdi rAjya ke uccAdhikAriyoM ne aneka ThAkuroM Adi ke hastAkSara the / udhara polibhI isakA samarthana nahIM kiyA / phalataH rAjya meM Tikala ejeNTa ne rAvala ke pakSakAroM ke hastAkSara do rAjanaitika pArTiyAM bana gaIM / eka tarapha aMgreja karAye / saMghI yAtrArtha bAhara cale gaye aura ThAkura aura rAvala berIsAla siMha Adi, dUsarI ora sva- meghasiMha DiggI cale gye| rAvala ko agrejoM kA tantratA pramI rAjamAtA, saMghI bhUtArAma aura saMrakSaNa milaa| unake sahayogI kaI mutsaddI rAjapUta saradAra aadi| rAjya meM rAjanaitika uthala puthala hone lgii| kabhI san 1824 meM rAjamAtA ne rAjya kI vibhinna rAvala kA prAbalya aura kabhI saMdhI kaa| rAvala / baTeliyansa ko tathA samasta ThAkuroM ko zekhAvatoM ne poliTikala ejenTa ko darakhAsta dI ki saMghI aura usake sAthiyoM ko haTAyA jAya aura aMgreja ko ekatra kiyA aura parAdhInatA ko ukhAr3a pheMkanA cAhA / aMgrejoM ne nasIrAbAda se phaujeM bulAkara phorsa kI madada cAhI-para agreja nItijJa the| vidroha ko dabAne kA prayatna kiyA para phaujeM haTI unane isake lie manA kiyA / unane bheda nIti hI apanAI / lAcAra rAvala jI ko saMghI ko sAtha nahIM / rAvala zahara chor3akara aMgrejoM kI zaraNa meM lekara kArya karanA svIkAra karanA pdd'aa| gayA aura use saMrakSaNa diyA gyaa| rejIDenTa prAkTaralonI ne prAkara rAjamAtA se bAta kI aura unakI zarte maanii| rAvala jI ko haTAkara DiggI rAjamAtA rAvala se aura nArAja rahane lgii| ThAkura ko mukhiyA bnaayaa| saMdhI hukamacanda ko pharavarI san 1823 meM rejIDenTa ke Agamana se unakA nAyaba aura dIvAna amaracanda ko revenyU pUrva rAjamAtA ne rAvala ko darabAra meM zAmila kA adhikArI bnaayaa| hone ke lie inkAra kiyA aura kauMsila meM meghasiMha DiggI vAloM ko liyaa| rAvala ne usa samaya jo dIvAna pada para thA--isase apanA apamAna saMghI bhUtArAma kI yogyatA ke saba kAyala mAnA / usane poliTikala ejeNTa ke dvArA bhUtA the / rAjamAtA ne use bulAnA cAhA para poliTi. rAma evaM meghasiMha ko haTAne ke lie rAjamAtA para kala ejeNTa sahamata nahIM huprA / vaha saMghI ko dabAva ddaalaa| jaba rAjamAtA isase sahamata na / 1 khataranAka vyakti mAnatA thaa| vaha jAnatA thA ki huI to saMghI ko stIphA dene ke lie aMgrejoM ne zAsanapaTu, nirbhAka aura AjAdI kA dIvAnA saMghI bAdhya kiyaa| nidAna saMghI ne tyAgapatra diyaa| yadi A jAegA to hamAre paMje ukhAr3a pheMkegA / svatantratA premiyoM ko samApta karane ke lie isalie use jilAvatanI kA Adeza diyA gayA / dUsarA prahAra ThA. meghasiMha para kiyA gayA / lekina jaba po. ejeNTa kA tabAdalA huA to usane unakA lAmbA kA kilA hastagata karane ke likhA ki bhUtArAma ke na pAne kI kaida haTA lI lie nasIrAbAda sthita briTiza brigeDa bulAkara, jAve to ThIka hai kyoMki rAjya kA kArya aba bhI laDAI lar3akara khAlI karAyA gyaa| isase jahAM usakI salAha se hotA hai aura vaha yahAM rahe to rAjya meM aMgrejoM kA dabadabA bar3hA vahAM svatantratA uttaradAyI to rhegaa| 2-128 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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san 1825 meM kaipTina repara ke sthAna para rAnI candrAvata jI ke sAtha 1832 meM ho gayA thaa| kaipTina lau Aye / rAvala ne nAbAliga rAjA ko para rAjamAtA kA svargavAsa ho gayA / honahAra bAhara lAne aura mAjI ko be akhtiyAra karane ke kI bAta ki 1835meM navayuvaka rAjA jayasiMha kA lie ejenTa para dabAva ddaalaa| akTabara 1826 svargavAsa ho gyaa| logoM ko maukA milA dIvAna meM donoM pATiyoM kI tarapha se pAMca-cha hajAra saMghI jhUtArAma dIvAna amaracanda prAdi nyAdhikAvyakti ekatra hae para natIjA kucha nhiiN| cArlsa riyoM ko badanAma karane kaa| una para rAjA ko meTakApha ne rAjya ke saradAroM kI mITiMga blaaii| 50 mArane kA doSAropaNa kiyA gyaa| sAMpradAyikatA meM se 28 rAjamAtA ke pakSa meM aura 22 rAvala ke umArI gaI / jainoM ke sAtha burA bartAva huaa| pakSa meM rhe| mAjI saphala huI / kaipTana lau ke samaya meM aMgrejI hukUmata ne saMghI jhUtArAma ko bulaayaa| . jayasiMhajI ke svargavAsa para unakI rAnI saMghI ne kaI dina bAda kAma sambhAlA / ke.lau ke bAda candrAvata jI mAjI mukhtAra huI / vaha svatantratA sara jArja klArka Aye aura usane saMghI ko dIvAna prabhI thii| agrejoM kA Adhipatya inheM bhI apanI bnaayaa| di.25-4-1828 ko gavarnara janarala kauMsila amita sAsa kI taraha pasanda na thA / phalataH ye bhI rAvala ne saraklArka braka ko likhA ki rAnI ke pakSakAroM jI ke khilApha aura saMghI jhUtArAma ke mutrAphika ke binA minIsTarI cala nahIM sakatI, usase thii| kaI itihAsakAroM ne saMghI ko hatyArA Adi mulka kI barabAdI ho rahI hai aura hamArA khirAja zabdoM se vyavahRta kiyA hai para sAtha hI yaha bhI bhI nahIM mila rahA hai| jhUtArAma kI yogyatA ke / likhA hai ki isakA koI sabUta nahIM / yadi saMghI sambandha meM koI zaka nahIM hai aura yaha bhI ummIda jayasiMha kA hatyArA hotA to unakI rAnI candrAhai ki vaha janatA kI bhalAI evaM hamArI hukUmata vatajI inake pakSa meM kaise hotI? ke haka meM kArya kregaa| rAjA ke marane ke bAda saMghI ne stIphA peza ___ saMghI ne pradhAnamaMtrI kA kArya saMbhAlate hI kiyA aura rAjya kArya chor3a dhArmika jIvana vyatIta samasta rAjapUta saradAroM se jo bikhare hue the- karane kI icchA vyakta kI para mahArAniyoM ne ise nArAja the-saMparka sthApita kiyaa| tIna varSa meM svIkAra nahIM kiyaa| vipakSI aura aMgreja yaha kevala rAvala bairIsAla ke atirikta samasta ThAkuroM cAhate hI the| karnala pAlsa ejenTa garvanara janarala ko rajAmanda kara liyA / rAvala ko bhI samajhAyA rAjapUtAnA ne Upara se AjJA prApta kara saMghI ko ki milakara kArya kre| saMghI ne rAjya kA sArA jayapura se cale jAne ke lie kahA / ve prAmera meM karjA cukAyA, agrajoM kA khirAja bhI cukatA apane makAna meM rahane lge| sattA se haTa jAne para kiyaa| zekhAvATI kA suprabandha karane haitu karnala virodhiyoM kI kAphI bana par3I / saMghI ko pAmera lAkeTa ko bhejA / phalataH lUTa khasoTa banda huii| meM unake ghara se baladevajI ke mandira meM bhejA gayA saMghI kA prabhAva aura rAjya saMcAlana paddhatA dekha aura phira dausA meM najarabanda kara diyaa| unake virodhiyoM ne san 1831 meM use mArane taka kA bhAI hukamacanda ko AgarA jAne kI anumati de dI SaDyantra kiyA para ve saphala nahIM hue| gii| para dhana daulata-mArga vyaya taka nahIM le jAne diyaa| unake parivAra vAle kAphI parezAna huye| jayapura nareza yuvA ho gae the| vivAha bhI ve prAgarA jAkara rahane lage jinake gaMzaja mahAvIra .... mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-129

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presa vAle svaH zrI kapUracandajI jaina evaM unake putra Adi haiN| rAvala zyosiMha ko riyAsata kA kAma supurda karane ke lie agreja gavarnameMTa ke pradeza lekara 4 jUna 1835 ( jyeSTha zuklA 8 saM. 1892 ) ko mi. zrAsa praura unakA sahAyaka mi. blaika tathA do anya rAjamAtA ke mahaloM meM gaye aura ukta pradeza sabako batAyA / vahAM bahuta loga ekatra the / bhIr3a meM se eka vyakti ne mi. grAmsa para talavAra se hamalA kara diyA / mi. blaika ne talavAra chIna lI aura use jela bheja diyaa| donoM aMgreja bhI cale gae / mi. blaika thor3I dera bAda hAthI para caDhakara vaha talavAra lie bAhara Aye / unake kapar3oM para khUna ke chIMTe the| itanI dera meM zahara * meM bAta phaila gaI ki mahaloM meM khUna kharAbI huI hai / jaba blaika ke hAthI para talavAra aura khUnadAra kapar3e dekhe to yaha aphavAha phaila gaI ki ye bAlaka rAjA kA khUna karake Ae haiM / basa, janatA pIche par3a gaI aura jisake hAtha meM jo prAyA mArane lge| hAthI para baiThA caparAsI mArA gayA, mahAvata jakhmI huA / hAthI ko kizanapola bAjAra meM ajabaghara ke sAmane mandira ke barAmade ke sahAre lekara blaika maMdira para car3ha gae para janatA ne unheM pakar3a aura mAra kara sar3aka para pheMka diyA / isa kANDa se proja kAphI nArAja hue| virodhiyoM ko kucalane kA maukA mila gayA / ASADha zuklA 13 saM. 1892 ko saMvItArAma ke sahayogI dIvAna amaracanda yAdi giraphtAra kie ge| eka kamIzana progrejoM ne biThAyA / . saMghItArAma aura unake bhAI saMghI hukamacanda para rAvala jI ko nIcA girAne ke lie khUrejI kA SaDyantraH karane kA prAropa lagAyA aura dIvAna amaracanda va mAnakacanda bhAMvasA para phasAda kA intajAma karane kA aura bakhzI mannAlAla ko phoja 7 2-130 ko mutaphika rakhane kA / kamIzana ne saMghI bhUtArAma, hukamacanda, amaracanda Adi ko dene mRtyudaNDa kA tajavIja kiyA para garvanara janarala ne yaha mAnA ki saMghI rAjya ke badalane ke aparAdhI hai blaika kI hatyA ke nahIM ataH unheM prAjIvana kArAvAsa kI sajA dekara cunAragar3ha ke kile meM bheja diyA gyaa| unake bhAI pahale hI svargavAsI ho cuke the / saMghI bhUtArAma saM. 1895 meM svargavAsI ho gae / amaracanda ko phAMsI kI sajA sunAI gaI / isa prakAra svatantratA premiyoM ko daNDa bhuga tanA par3A, para prAjAdI kI jvAlA bujhI nahIM sulagatI rahI, bar3hatI rahI / rAvala zyosiMha se rAjamAtA prasanna nahIM thI / san 1838 meM rAmagar3ha meM palaTanoM ne bagAvata kI / ThA. meghasiMha 5000 phauja lekara Ae to aMgrejoM ne lakSmaNasiMha ko mukAbale ke liye bhejA / 1840 se kAlakha ke kile para mAjI ke pakSapAtiyoM - svatantratA pra emiyoM kA kabjA huA para phira nAkAmayAbI huI / rAjAmAtA ke bhAI ko jilAvatanI kI sajA huI / apane pakSapAtiyoM ko jAgIra dene, rAjakoSa khatma karane Adi ke kAraNa rAvala ko haTAyA gayA / ukta bAteM likhane kA zrAzaya mAtra yaha hai ki saMghI ke kAraNa hI yadi gar3abar3I thI to unake marane ke bAda bhI ye ghaTanAyeM kyoM huI / sthiti yaha thI ki aMgrejoM kA Adhipatya rAjagharAne ko pasanda nahIM thA / ve svatantra rahanA cAhate the / agrejoM ke pakSagatI rAvala jI se rAjagharAnA khuza nahIM thA / saMghI bhUtArAma evaM unake sahayogI svatantratA premI the ve jayapura ko AjAda rakhanA cAhate the / ataH svatantratA premiyoM ko agrejI zAsana meM phAMsI kI balivedI para car3hane yA jela ke jo upahAra milane the ve saMdhI jI Adi ko mile / unakA aparAdha mAtra AAjAdI thA-- deza bhakti thA / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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kucha itihAsakaroM ne saMghI ko badanAma kiyA saMghI bhUtArAma kA zAsana kaThora thaa| vaha hai use durAcArI kahA hai| ve itihAsakAra aparAdha para kisI ko bakhzatA nahIM thaa| kahA aMgrejoM dvArA yA virodhiyoM dvArA niyantrita the| jAtA hai ki svayaM ke bar3e bhAI hakamacanda ke gumAaMgrejI zAsana meM unake khilApha AvAja uThAnA yA stoM dvArA makAna banAne vAle kArIgaroM kA samaya likhanA mauta se khelanA thA / phira bhI itihAsa para bhugatAna na karane para makAna tor3ane ke Adeza upalabdha hai usakA niSpakSa dRSTi se adhyayana de diye the| usake samaya aparAdhoM kI kar3I sajAyeM kiyA jAya to saMghI jhUtArAma eka mahAna dezabhakta thiiN| bar3e aparAdha para golI se ur3A denA, coriyAM aura videzI sattA kA virodhI hI mAnA jAyagA karane para hAtha kATa denA Adi sajAyeM batAI jAtI usake caritra aura prAcAraNa para jo chIMTAkasI kI haiM, usake samaya meM coriyAM nahIM hotI thIM / saMghI gaI hai vaha satya sAbita nahIM hotii| kA bar3A AtaMka thaa| vaha saphala zAsaka thaa| 1. ___ 2. jayapura ke bar3e maMdira ke zAstra bhaNDAra meM surakSita / dekhie karnala ba ka dvArA likhI gaI poliTikala hisTrI Apha dI sTeTa grApha jayapura / bA la ka ? bAlaka hai bhagavAna use tuma mata zaitAna banAyo re / bar3A hoya aura kare deza kA nAma, Dhaga apanAyo re / / vaha to hotA kaccA lothA, DhAlo jyU Dhala jaaegaa| rAvaNa rAma banAnA cAho, vaisA hI bana jaaegaa| bAlaka kA to nizcita mAno nakala hI pahalA dharma hai / jaise karma karoge sammukha, karatA vaise karma hai| karo karma Adarza use bhI vaisA hI tuma pAyo re // bAlaka hai| ___ mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-131

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mAlocanA ke bIca rahA bAlaka nindaka bana jaayegaa| doSa kahegA para ke, khuda ke aba sadA Dhaka jaaegaa| virodha zatru tA bIca rahA to, kevala lar3anA siikhegaa| upahAsa majAkoM bIca rahA to, kevala DaranA sIkhegA // bAtAvaraNa use do acchA, acchI bAta sikhAyo re ||baalk hai|| bAlaka yadi rahatA hai lajjA zema yA apamAna bIca / khuda ko doSI karegA anubhava, bana jAyegA aAkhira nIca // sahanazIlatA kSamA bIca, yadi bAlaka rahatA AyA hai| dhairyavAna bana aisA bAlaka, mahAvIra bana pAyA hai / / ___ kAma sarAho sadA aura guNagrAhI use banAyo re // bAlaka hai.... || saccAI, ImAna bIca, yadi bAlaka kA rahanA hogaa| Age calakara usa bAlaka ko nyAya priya kahanA hogA // viveka, cetanA, sadbuddhi ke bIca, yadi bAlaka rhtaa| vizvAsa pAtma jAgegA usakA, bAta nIti kI hU~ kahatA // mUlya hai kyA AtmavizvAsI kA, samajho-samajhAyo re / / bAlaka hai / / bacce ko anumodana do, pAegA khuda ko pyArA vaha / apanApro aura depromitratA, hogA jaga meM nyArA vaha // itanA gara kara pAyo, phira vaha, pyAra jagata kA pAegA / pratApa, zivA aura lAla javAhara banakara nAma kamAegA / baccA bane mahAna batAyA 'rAja' ise apanAyo re| bAlaka hai bhagavAna use tuma mata zaitAna banAyo re / / * rAjamala jaina 'begasyA', jayapura 2-132 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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saMghI thArAmajI tathA unake pUrvajoM kA varNana pAThaka isa hI smArikA meM anyatra pddh'eNge| yahAM hai unake pazcAta hone vAle unake vaMzajoM kA varNana / pAThaka dekhoMge ki videzI sAmrAjya ke viruddha jo mazAla saMdhI bhU thArAma aura unake sahamiyoM ne prajvalita kI thI use unake vaMzadharoM ne anta taka bujhane na diyA / lekhaka ne hamAre vizeSa prAgraha aura anurodha para yaha paricayAtmaka aura preraNAspada nibandha likha kara bhejA hai etadartha unakA praamaar| -polyAkA dIvAna jhU'thArAmajI saMghI aura unake vaMzaja zrI pratApacandra jaina 21/63, dhUliyAgaMja, aagraa| jayapura ke zAntinAtha diga. jaina mandira meM ImAnadArI kii| upalabdha karakaMDu mahArAja kA carita nAmaka grantha kI antya prazasti meM saMghI udA kA kucha vivaraNa dIvAna bhUyArAmajI bar3e hI rar3ha saMkalpI ke aura rAjadarabAra tathA prajA janoM meM ve bar3e hI milatA hai, jo Aja se 350 varSa se bhI pUrva Adara pAtra the| jaina samAja ke to ve eka jayapura rAjya ke mahAmantrI the| unhIM saMghI udA stambha the hI unhoMne kitane hI mandiroM kA ka vazajA ma saMvat 1800 + lagabhaga sabhA kA jIrNoddhAra karAyA aura nasiyAM tayA dharmazAlA rAmajI jayapura rAjya ke dIvAna ho cuke haiN| ve bnvaaii| taba taka mAsa se vyAsara kI khAtira bar3e sAhasIlara aura sUsAsa ke panI the| uka pAye ko deza meM paira jamA lie the ke samaya meM rAjya ke jainiyoM kA bar3A dabadabA yA mora ke rakhavAr3oM meM bhI hastakSepa karane lage the| rAjya kI samRddhi meM unakA bahuta bar3A hAtha jo jayapura bhI unake jAla se nahIM baca pAyA / parantu thaa| jainI pradezoM sammAnanIya padoM para kAryarata the dIvAna jhUbArAmajI ko unakA dakhala pasanda nahIM aura bar3I khyAti thI unakI niSThA aura thaa| ve bar3I hoziyArI se unake hastakSepa ko mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-133

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nirasta karate rahe / agreja isa droha ko kaba para lAda kara ve prAgarA cale ge| apanI saMpatti bardAzta kara sakate the? kA bahuta bar3A bhAga unheM vahIM chor3a denA pdd'aa| dIvAnajI ke khilApha SaDyantra aura mahArAjA prAgare meM- prAgarA pahuMca kara kinArI bAjAra kI hatyA-jaba aMgrejoM ne dekhA ki sIdhe sIdhe ke bIcoMbIca masjida ke bagala meM unhoMne eka pAra nahIM par3ane kI to unhoMne dIvAna jI ke phATakadAra ghere meM par3Ava DAlA jise unhoMne khilApha eka gande SaDyantra kI racanA kii| lobha . kharIda liyaa| yaha sthAna prAge calakara jhU thArAma lAlaca dekara kucha jAgIradAroM aura adhikAriyoM ke phATaka ke nAma se nagara meM vikhyAta huaa| ko apanI pora tor3a liyaa| 23 pharavarI 1835. yahAM unhoMne eka prAlIzAna havelI aura dukAnoM ko rAjya drohiyoM kI milI bhagata se SaDayantra dvArA kA nirmANa karAyA tathA dharmadhyAna ke lie eka tatkAlIna mahArAja kI hatyA kara dI gaI aura . caityAlaya kI bhI sthApanA kii| usa hatyA kA doSa dIvAna jhUthArAma para DAlA gayA / polITikala ejeMTa mi. pAlvasa ne kalakatta __jhUthArAmajI ke putra phatahalAlajI aura hukamacandajI ke putra zrI biradhIcandajI kA kucha se pharamAna maMgAkara, jahAM una dinoM IsTa iNDiyA kampanI kA haiDa kvArTara thA, unheM unake pada se samaya bAda dehAnta ho gyaa| taba parivAra kA haTA diyA aura dausA meM unheM najarabanda kara sArAbhAra biradhIcandajI ke patra zrI hIrAlAlajI aura zrI cimmanalAlajI para A pdd'aa| ina diyaa| donoM ke do do putriyAM thI, putra kisI ke bhI nahIM thaa| taba seTha hIrAlAlajI ne kuTumba kA eka jayapura TrAyala-agrejoM ne jayapura TrAyala ke nAma se do mukadame calavAe jinameM se eka dIvAna bAlaka goda le liyA / usa bAlaka kA nAma raghubhU thArAmajI saMghI, unake baDe bhAI hakamacandajI nAtha dAsa rakkhA gyaa| usakI goda kA utsava bar3e tathA putra phatehalAla para thaa| vidroha phailAne tathA samAroha ke sAtha kiyA gayA aura khUba dAna diyA mi. pAlvasa para AkramaNa karAne kA jhUThA jama gyaa| lagAkara unheM Ajanma kaida kI sajA dI gaI aura cunAragar3ha ke kile meM kaida kara diyA gyaa| isa Agare meM dIvAnajI ke ina vaMzajoM kI bar3I prakAra ina janapriya rAjyabhaktoM ko bhUThe prAropoM pratiSThA thI / sarAphe meM unakA basanA kAphI UMcA kI balivedI para car3hA diyA gayA jabaki mi.. ginA jAtA thaa| unhoMne lAkhoM hI kamAe aura pAlvasa para jo AkramaNa huaA thA vaha 4 jana lAkhoM hI dAna puNya meM die| Agare kI jaina ko dina dahAr3e mahala ke sAmane kupita janatA dvArA samAja meM unakA bar3A sammAna thaa| kiyA gayA thaa| bA. raghunAthadAsajI-goda liyA raghunAtha jayapura se niSkAsita-saMghI jhUthArAmajI dAsa eka honahAra bAlaka niklaa| usane hindI ke kI najarabandI ke sAtha hI unake parivAra ke logoM sAtha sAtha aMgrejI bhI par3hI aura epha. e. taka ko caubIsa ghaNTe ke andara jayapura chor3a jAne kA zikSA pAI / bar3e hokara pitA ke kArobAra meM hAtha hukama de diyA gyaa| isa nAma mAtra kI mohalata ...na baMTA kara svAvalambI bananA ThIka samajhA aura meM jo kucha ve sAtha le sake use gAr3iyoM aura UToM. DAka tAra vibhAma meM naukarI kara lii| apanI 2-134 . mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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yogyatA, kAryakuzalatA aura ImAnadArI ke kAraNa chuTapana meM hI unhoMne sAmAjika kAryoM meM bhAga lenA ve zIghra hI posTa mAsTara banA die gae aura zurU kara diyA thA / jaina kumAra sabhA AgarA ke banArasa jaise nagara meM barasoM posTa mAsTara rhe| ve karmaTha sadasyoM meM se the| prArambha meM unhoMne ve bar3e hI dharmAtmA, dayAlu aura paropakArI the| saudAgarI kI dukAna kI / vaha adhika dina nahIM riTAyara hote samaya unako hRdaya sparzI bidAI dI calI to use chor3akara TopiyoM kA vyApAra zurU gii| vahAM ke syAvAda mahAvidyAlaya kI sthApanA kiyA jo dUra dUra taka khUba calA / apane sad . meM unakA bhI hAtha thaa| vicAra aura kuzala vyavahAra se ve zanaiH zanaiH khyAti aura lokapriyatA kI ora bar3hane lge| peMzana lekara ve AgarA lauTa pAe aura kucha varSa bAda tIna putra aura unakI mAtA ko chor3akara ___ mahAvIra presa kI sthApanA-san 1921-22 svargavAsI ho ge| unakI dharmapatnI sAkSAta gRha meM Apane eka bar3I mazIna kharIda kara Agare meM lakSmI thii| tIna putroM meM sabase bar3e sAligarAma jI mahAvIra presa ke nAma se eka presa khar3A kara the, majhale makkhanalAlajI aura sabase choTe liyA / ApakI milanasArI mehanata aura bhlmnkpuurcndjii| sAhata se presa khUba camakA / prAnta ke sarakArI presa se rAjakIya chapAI ke lie bhI use mAnyatA raghunAthadAsajI ke tIna putra--bA. raghunAtha mila gii| . dAsajI ke sabase bar3e zrI sAligarAmajI Agama ___ sacce samAja sevI aura nirbhIka dezabhaktazraddhAnI aura tatvajJAnI the / saMsAra se virata ho yaha presa prAgare meM sabhI kAryakalApoM kA eka pramukha unhoMne prAcArya 108 zrI zAntisAgarajI mahA kendra thaa| zAyada hI koI jaina vidvAna athavA rAja se kSullaka dIkSA le lI aura ajitakIrti sampAdaka rahA ho jo unake pAsa na AyA ho aura ke nAma se prasiddha hue| anta samaya ApakA unheM na mAnatA ho / zrI nAhaTAjI aura jayapura meM biitaa| vahAM ve asAdhya roga se pIr3ita kApar3iyAjI ke darzana mujhe vahIM hue the / vANIho gae / anta samaya pAne para pApa caturvidha bhUSaNa paM tulasIrAmajI bar3auta aura paM0 nandapAhAra kA tyAga kara muni pada dhAra padmAsana '. kizorajI mAthura jaba bhI AgarA Ate vahIM ThahaavasthA meM san 1942 meM svargavAsI ho ge| rate / mahendrajI, DA0 satyendra, kizorIdAsajI zrI sAligarAmajI se choTe makkhanalAlajI vAjapeyI, paripUrNAnanda varmA, kedAranAtha bhaTTa kA .. bhI jamaghaTa vahAM rhtaa| jaina kumAra samA kI vyApArI bane aura adhikatara bambaI meM rahe / unakA carcA maiM Upara kara hI cukaa| isake atirikta ve bhI svargavAsa ho cukA hai| sthAnIya mahAvIra diga. jaina inTara kAla ke variSTha sahAyaka rahe / prAgarA diga. jaina pariSada ke bhI sabase choTe bA. kapUracandajI kA janma pramukha kAryakartA the / usakI mITiMga prAyaH mahAvIra zrAvaNa zuklA 7 saMvat 1951 ko huprA thaa| presa meM hI huA karatI thiiN| ve khuda bhI eka sajIva unheM dayAlu pitA aura dharmaparAyaNa mAtA ke guNa sakriya saMsthA the| virAsata meM mile the / vaMza paramparA kI chAyA bhI par3I una para / ve par3he to adhika nahIM the parantu acche dezabhakti bA. kapUracandajI meM kUTa-kUTa kara bharI , macchoM ke kAna kATate the| buddhi aura sUjhabUjha meM thii| san 1930 ke satyAgraha Andolana meM prApake mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-135

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presa ne bar3I sahAyatA kI / mAsika buleTina gupta kaa| rUpa se vahIM chapate / pulisa ne bhanekoM bAra vahAM chApe bhI mAre / jaba kucha nahIM milatA to gavarna kuzala sampAdaka va prazAsaka -jo jaina saMdeza meNTa khIja kara presa ko sIla kara diyA karatI, pAna diga. jaina sava mathurA dvArA nikAlA jA rahA aura vaha mahInoM banda rhtaa| san 1942 ke hai usake janmadAtA ve hI the / presa thA hii| 1929 bhArata chor3o Andolana meM Apane bejor3a sevA kI, meM akhabAra zurU kara diyaa| thor3e hI dinoM meM usane una dinoM gupta prakAzanoM meM ApakA bahuta bar3A hAtha deza aura samAja meM acchI khyAti prApta kara lii| thA / aitihAsika lAla parcA hAthoMhAtha vahIM chapA / nirbhIka svatantra para taTasya nIti thI uskii| rASTrIya krAntikAriyoM kI gapta baiThake. yApaka motii| prazna bhI usase achUte nahIM rahate the|sNcaaln, sampAdisambara 1942 meM jaba prasiddha AgarA SaDyantra / dana samAcAra saMkalana aura prapha paThana se lekara patra kesa meM aneka loga pakar3e gaye to pulisa ne Apako vyavahAra tathA Dispeca taka kA sArA kAma ve svayaM hI bhI gherA, DarAyA, aura dhmkaayaa| taba, Apa, ka __ karate / balA ke parizramI the| teja itanA likhate prAgare se pharAra ho gaye / presa pahale hI sIla ho ki sTeno bhI mAta khA jAya / do sAla taka akhavAra cukA thaa| do varSa taka Apa idhara-udhara ghamate. bar3I khUbI va zAna se claayaa| taduparAnta beTe ke chipate aura kaSTa uThAte rhe| isa daurAna jo kaThi- samAna pAlA posA honahAra patra ko unhoMne saMgha ko nAiyAM aura vipattiyAM Apane jhelI unakI kalpanA sauMpa diyA jo aba bhI apane 50 veM varSa meM nikala pAThaka svayaM kara leN| unakA sAthI hone ke kAraNa rahA hai / san 1938 meM unhoMne baccoM ke lie ina paMktiyoM ke lekhaka ko bhI rAjakIya sevA se sundara mAsika patra sunajhunA nikAla DAlA / itanA moprattila kara diyA gayA thaa| lokapriya bana gayA thA vaha ki svayaM prAcArya mahA bIra prasAda dvivedI taka ne umakI prazaMsA kI thii| udAramanA vizAla hRdaya-Andolana kI usakA sArA kAma bhI ve svayaM hI karate / vaha do samApti para do varSa bAda san 1944 meM bAbUjI sAla hI cala pAyA thA ki Andolana kI capeTa meM AgarA loTe, presa punaH calA, aura acchA claa| mA gyaa| presa banda ho jAne para vaha bhI TUTa acche dina Ane para ve sAthiyoM ko nahIM bhuule| mamA / saMvata 1983 meM vIra rasa pradhAna mAsika kaiyoM kI bharasaka gupta madada kii| dhevatoM ko pAlA vIra sandeza kA prakAzana unhoMne aura kiyA / poSA aura par3hAyA / eka bAra maiM jaba ilAhAbAda meM usakA sampAdana kiyA thA zrI mahendrajI ne / yaha bhI thA aura bacce Agare maiM; mere eka putra ko bhayaMkara do sAla taka hI cala pAyA thA / TAyaphAiDa roga ho gayA thA ve sunate hI mere ghara daur3e pAye, aura saba ko sAntvanA dI aura DaoNkTara parivAra-bA0 kapUracandajI kI do zAdiyAM lAye / sTrepTomAisauna kI goliyAM jo una dinoM huI / pahalI lazkara se aura dUsarI DIga se| pahalI 30--35 ru0 darjana pAtI thIM, patA nahIM kitanI patnI se jammI kaJcanabAI jo mahAvIra kSetra ke bhU. pAI, maMgAkara diiN| phala aura dUdha alaga / sUcanA pU. mainejara jayapura nivAsI zrI gulAbacandajI milane para maiM AyA to dhairya baMdhAyA aura bole zAha ke suputra zrI bhaMvaralAla zAha ke sAtha vyAhIM / maiM to yahAM thA hI, mere hote Apa cintA na kreN| dUsarI patnI ne janma diyA putrI saroja vAlA, aise udAramanA mahApuruSa the ve / kabhI vakhAna nahIM. mora putra prazoka kumAra ko / saroja vAlA kAzI meM kiyA unhoMne apanI dezabhakti maura sevA kAryoM byAha dI gaI aura prazokakumAra mAgare meM hai / 2-136 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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usakA bhI vivAha ho cukA hai| zrI sAligarAmajI kucha dina bAda unakI patnI zrImatI kastUrI bAI ke eka putrI huI ratanabAI jo jayapura ke TholiyA bhI cala bsiiN| bAbUjI ke nidhana se prAgare kA parivAra meM byAhI / azoka samhAla nahIM pAyA to eka bahuta bar3A sArvajanika kendra ujar3a gyaa| isase presa bhI hAtha se nikala gyaa| makAna bAbU kapUra Agare kI dhArmika sAmAjika, sAhityika aura candajI ke sAmane hI bika cukA thaa| rASTrIya gatividhiyoM ko gaharI Thesa lagI / carAga gula---aisA parivAra thA dIvAna jhUthA- parivAra meM rAmajI kA aura aise deva puruSa the unake vaMzaja zrI azoka kumAra jaina jarUra hai parantubA. kapUracandajI / 3 janavarI san 1954 ko jisa gula se thI ummIda, car3hAyegA lAke phUla krUra durdaiva ne unheM hamAre bIca se uThA liyaa| gulakara gayA carAga vaha unake majAra kA / / mahAvIra rI sIkha amara rhe| trAhi trAhi macagI jaga mAhi jIvAM ne jIva hI bhAkha rahyA / caurI kapaTI chInA jhapaTI, hiMsA rA dina dina dUsa huA / / jaga-adhiyArA meTaNa khAtara ___ ika dIpa camakato parakaTa huyau / yauha dIpa vahI paramAratha ro, zrI mahAvIra ro jalama bhayaro / / dharmA rA sArA girathA ne, dohaNa kara ika hI tanta diyo / jIvo jIvaNa do saba hI ne, mAnavatA ro yo paMtha diyo / saMyama-samatA-vinaya seta, mahiMsAro jaga ne pATha diyo / "mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-131

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yo mahAvIra rA samavasaraNa meM, saba prANI mila neha liyo / rAjA para raMka meM nahIM antara, Izvara re ghara to eka rahyo / kara Uca-nIca ro uNmUlana yo anekAnta ro sAra gahyo / / kAhe tana nirakhe mana irakhe __ parigraha dhana daulata nAhi dhre| pala meM tana dhana kI rAkha baNe, svAmI rI zikSA amara rahe / / mata bhUlo ye tIna ratana, caritra jJAna-samyak darzana / mokSa prApta karabA tAI, bhagavAna rA batAyA ye sAdhana / / ye mahAvIra siddhAnta hai, bethAka ananta apAra hai / hai be-hiMsA aura anekAnta rI, mahatI huI jala dhAra hai / / prANI rA paNe ro bhAra liyo, jaba taka yA pirathI vaNI rahe / samabhAva-jAti aura dharmAtnayA, svAmI rI juga juga RNI rahe / / 2-138 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 1

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800000 ToDaramalajI ke kucha aprakAzita pada " vidvAn lekhaka ne pane nibaMdha meM prastuta padoM ko 'mokSa mArga prakAzaka' prAdi granthoM ke racanAkAra vikhyAta prAcAryakalpa paMDita ToDaramalajI dvArA racita hone kI saMbhAvanA vyakta kI hai vaha to hamAre vicAra meM ThIka nahIM jJAta hotI kyoMki racanAkAra ne apane ko eka pada (saM. 7) meM ToDarU brahma kahA hai / aise prayoga bhaTTArakoM ke nIceM kAma karane vAle paMDita hI prAya: kiyA karate the| saMbhava hai ina padoM ke racanAkAra bhI aise hI koI paNDita hoM jo aba taka ajJAta hoN| yaha hamArA anumAna hI hai| padoM kI bhASA, sarasatA, lAlitya zrAdi ko dekhate hue nizcaya ho racanAkAra jaina hindI sAhitya meM ucca sthAna pAne yogya hai / pAThaka isa zrora aura khoja kareMge isa pavitra bhAvanA ke sAtha - - polyAkA prastuta ATha AdhyAtmika pada anusaMdhitsu pAThakoM kI sevA meM prastuta kara rahA hUM / ye sabhI da ToDaramalajI dvArA racita haiM jaisA ki ina padoM kI aMtima paMktiyoM meM ullikhita nAmoM se lIbhAMti vidita hotA hai / yaha nizcaya karanA vaDA kaThina ho rahA hai ki prastuta pada kina DaramalajI ke race hue haiN| kyoMki ToDaramala nAma ke kaI vidvAna jaina sAhitya jagata meM llekhanIya haiM / zrI kundanalAla jaina prinsipala 68, kuntI mArga, vizvAsa nagara, zAhadarA, dillI-32 'mokSamArga prakAzaka' ke racayitA ToDaramalajI to sarva vikhyAta haiM hI / yadi ye pada unhIM dvArA cita haiM taba to nizcaya hI gIti sAhitya kI ye bahumUlya nidhiyAM haiM para yadi ina padoM ke racayitA koI aura ToDaramala haiM to nizcaya hI anusaMdhitsu pAThakoM ke lie ye khoja kA viSaya bana jAte haiM aura aise yogya kalApremI bhAvapravIraNa AdhyAtmika gItakAra jIvana paricaya kA anveSaNa kara sAhitya gatako bahumUlya sAmagrI se suparicita karAyA jAve / mere pAsa isa taraha kI racanAoM kA acchA khAsA saMgraha hai / eka dina unheM ulaTa palaTa rahA tabhI acAnaka ina padoM para dRSTi par3a gii| tabhI zrI polyAkAjI kA ' smArikA' ke lie lekha jane hetu patra prApta huA thA / jisameM Agraha kiyA gayA thA ki jayapura se saMbaMdhita kisI prAcArya yA banA se saMbaMdhita lekha bhijavA sakeM to ati upayukta hogA / maiM zrI polyAkAjI ke Agraha ke prati vIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-139

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bAlanapara honA cAhatA thA, ataH maiMne apane saMgraha ko TaTolA to usameM mujhe ToDaramalajI kRta vibhinna rAgoM meM pATha pada prApta hoM gae maiMne socA ki ye pada jisa kisI ToDaramala ke hoM para kavi to jayapura yA usake pAsa pAsa kahIM rAjasthAna kA hI honA cAhie ataH maiMne apane lekha ke lie inhIM padoM ko upayukta samajhA aura prastuta lekha meM vidvAn prAdhyAtma premI pAThakoM ke samakSa prastuta kara diyA hai / ina padoM meM AdhyAtmikatA aura sarasatA kUTa kUTa kara bharI paDI hai jo baDI cittArSaka aura mamohArI hai / sAMsArika bhava bhogoM se nivRtti kA baDA hI rocaka aura anokhA varNana vidyamAna hai / pahale hI pada meM AdinAtha svAmI kI bAlalIlA kA varNana to hindI ke mahAkavi sUradAsa kI bAlalIlA ko bhI phIkA kara detA hai| mAtA marudevI kA apane putra AdinAtha ko khilAne kA kaisA sundara aura rocaka varNana prastuta pada meM vidyamAna hai| yaha pAThakoM ko sahaja hI prAkarSita kara letA hai| palaMne kI racanA, ghugharAle bAla, ThamakabharI cAla, devoM gandhavoM kA pyAra, mAtA pitA kA prabhu kI chavi kA nirakhanA Adi sabhI kA varNana baDe hI sundara DhaMga se prastuta kiyA gayA hai| zeSa anya padoM meM AdhyAtmikatA kI puTa jaisI gaharI aura supuSTa hai use koI AdhyAtma premI hI samajha sakatA hai / logoM ko saMsAra ke jaMjAla se chUTane kI jaisI acchI salAha kavi ne dI hai vaha vahuta hI anukaraNIya evaM mokSa mArga kA patha prazasta karane vAle haiN| indriya bhogoM se virakta hone ke lie tIsarA pada bahuta hI sundara aura uttama hai / saMsAra kaisA jaMjAla hai. isa kA uttama varNana sAtaveM pada meM vidyamAna hai| aMtima pada meM "sAr3hI batiyA,' zabda isa bAta kA dyotaka hai ki kavi para kahIM paMjAbI bhASA kA prabhAva to nahIM par3a rahA hai kyoMki sAr3hI zabda paMjAbI kA hai para saMbhava hai isakA pracalana rAjasthAnI meM bhI ho| sAtaveM pada meM 'ToDara brahma' se aisA pratIta hotA hai ki ina padoM ke racayitA koI brahma ToDara nAma ke kavi hoM ? kucha bhI ho, pada uccakoTi kI AdhyAtmikatA se bharapUra haiN| ToDara ke pada (1) rAga gaurI dekho khilAvata marudevyA naMdana nAbhikumAra / palanA ratana khacita halarAvati jhUlau lalana dulAra // Teka / / sobhita mukuTa jaTita vaidUraja hIrA lAla suDhAra / / ati chabi tilaku banI kesari ko ghUghara vAre bAra / / 2 / / rAjata kanaka bhUmi raja aMgana motina baMdanavAra / ThumakA cAli calata jaga jIvani ghugurani kI jhanakAra / / 3 / / varasata maMda maMda jalakanikA kusuma vRSTi adhikAra / gaMdharva nRtya karata tA theI tA theI sabada karata jaikAra / / 4 / / kinnara karata madhura sura gaurI jhAMjhi mRdaMga dutAra / nabhacara thakita bhae dhuni sunakara anahada bajai dhukAra / / 5 / / abalokata cumbata mukha suta ko prAura lalana hamAra / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-140

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bahu mevA pakavAna miThAI lIja prANa adhAra // 6 // haraSata tAta mAta chavi nirakhata pulakita gAta apAra / sevA kareM saba kara jore zakra rahata darabAra / / 7 / kIjo kRpA kRpAnidhi sAgara sugati mukati dAtAra / / mAMgata carana sarana jana ToDara jyoM bhava utara pAra / / 8 / / (2) rAga virAvara mana sikha mAnata kyoM na tU ho| kyoM na ajJAna hotahi sikhavata ho dina mAna / raci rahrayo tAta mAta suta bhrAtani yaha raMga rahata rahata na ayAna | // 1 // raMga kara rAma nAma taja syAmai ura raMga sakala ju hota vikAma / dhana yauvana vanitahiM kata bhUlata yaha kachu lagata na sAtha nidAna / / 2 / / so e terA kalahatu jaise saMpati yAga tai kachu na vihAna / japa tapa yatana vinA jana ToDara aba suna pAvata kyoM nirvAna // 3 // (3) rAga virAvara-- viSaphala kAhe ko bhakhata gaMvAra mana tU samajhAyau ke vAra / kAla anAdi baMdhyo indrina saMga aba tU cetata kyoM na savAra // 1 // nIca nigoda phirayau cAroM gati tajata na ajahUM manahi vikAra / apano graha visarAi catura tUM ghara dhara bhaTakata dvArani dvAra / / 2 / / bhavasAgara bUr3ata kata nAgara upajata tarala taraMgama pAra / majjata seSa (?) jaMtu kheva (Ta)? vasa ho phiraphira bUData kArI dhAra / / 3 / / kI jai kRpAdIna ToDara khoM vinatI suna prabhu jagata adhAra / vina bhagavaMta bhajana je Ure tAkI chavI parata kini chAra / / 4 / / (4) pada sakala devana siratAja sAhiba neminAtha mero| su niyata veda purAna dhyAna jogI jana jApa japata rahata ura aMtara, tAteM sarana takyoM (dekhA) teroM // 1 // jAno na kumata kudeva kumAraga kuguru kI sIkha bahuta kara pero / / 2 / / jAnivau jo prabhu abakeM tAri ho mo so patita anaghero / / 3 / / bhayo adhIna chIna karmana vasa rAkhata kyoM na carana hUte nero| vagasata gunahU gunahiM jana ToDara to so dhanI mo so cerI / / 4 / / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-141

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(5) rAga kAnaro ThaTani ThaTI viThate kI teM jar3a mUrI khoyo / japa tapa kari kari deha satAI kari adhikAI sahaja rUpa nahi joyo / upasama pAni kiyo nahIM kabahuM aMtaramala nahIM dhoyo / hota kahA aba pachatAtani dhIraja so na diyo lakha jyoM kana coyo / (6) rAga kAnaro dayA karie dInAnAtha gusAIM tuma taji hama kahaM jAI / vyApata karma bharama ura aMtara kara upamAra vikAra miTe jyo / tuma prabhu mere ho sahAI ||1|| tero to darasana durita rahata china bhohana bhayana vapurAri pukAI 11211 taki prAyo carana sarana sarana jana ToDara aMta na kahUM vasamAI ||3|| (7) rAga kAna jAnyo na janamu jaMjAla / mai jA tani kAla anAdi gayo aisI vArtAni | kAhU sauM kahata tAta kAhU sauM kahata mAta kabahUM ki rIjhi rahyo triya vArtAni mohyo tU bA je sAja gajarAjana lAlaca lobha phirayo tujha sAtha hi visari gayo su jagatta ko jIvana rAmA ke raMga racau dina rAtani ||4| ajahUM ceta ajJAna mUDhamati pAche hota kahA pachatAtani // 5 // ToDara brahma bhagavata bhajana binu bhaTakata bhramata chIna bhayo gAtani / / 61 ( 8 ) pada - 2-142 cetana mAno sAr3hI batiyA / yo hai dehI tere lArena calasI tU pose dina ratiyA | cetana0 pApa pragAsI naraka parAsI zravasa hoge tatiyA citana0| kAla phira tu mArana bhAI tU sovai dina ratiyA | cetana0 | mAnasa dehI zrAvaka kula pAI ava Ae subhagatiyA / cetana 01 ToDaramala bhagavaMta bhajana kara kArana AnaMda chatiyA | cetana 0 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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jinhoMne apane paise ke bala para kalAkAroM ko kharIda sundara bhavanoM, maMdiroM, citroM aura mUrtiyoM Adi kA nirmANa karAyA unake guNagAna karate to hamArI jihvA aura lekhanI nahIM thakatI kintu jinhoMne apane rakta binduoM se usa kalA meM prANa kU ke unakA zrAja koI nAma bhI nahIM letA | bar3e bar3e seminAroM meM una pUMjIpatiyoM ke guNagAna to Apako sunAI par3eMge kintu bhUkhe yA prAdhe bhUkhe peTa raha kara kAma karane vAle kalAkAroM ke saMbaMdha meM jAnane kA prayatna bhI hamArA nahIM hotA yaha kaisI sthiti hai / astu, muni suvratanAtha tIrthakara kI eka kanapUrNa zvetAmbara jaina mUrti kA varNana yahAM prastuta hai / mera kA mAvaThA sarovara hI gulAba sAgara hai usake nikaTastha dalArAma ke bAga sthita saMgrahAlaya meM kaI mahatvapUrNa jaina kalAkRtiyA~ saMgRhIta haiM jinameM do to stambha hI haiN| inakA adhyayanapUrNa adhikRta varNana Aja taka dekhane meM nahIM AyA / yaha eka aura udAharaNa hai kalA aura saMskRti ke prati hamArI udAsInatA kA / - polyAkA zrAmbera saMgrahAlaya kI tIrthaMkara munisuvyatanAtha kI pratimA rAjasthAna ke prasiddha gulAbI nagara jayapura ke samIpa Ambera kA vikhyAta durga hai / isa durga bAhya bhAga meM sthita sundara gulAba sAgara hai jisake nikaTa hI grAmbera kA purAtattva saMgrahAlaya hai / isa saMgrahAlaya meM rAjasthAna ke vibhinna bhAgoM se prApta evaM vibhinna kAloM kI aneka durlabha kalAkRtiyA~ haiM jinako dekhane deza-videza ke aneka paryaTaka prAyaH pratidina hI yahA~ Ate haiM / isI saMgrahAlaya meM kAle kasauTI patthara kI banI 20 veM tIrthakara munisuvratanAtha kI eka lagabhaga mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 DaoN0 brajendra nAtha zarmA DI0 liT0 kIpara, rASTrIya saMgrahAlaya, naI dillI zrAdamakada mUrti bhI pradarzita hai / prAcIna jaina granthoM ke anusAra harivaMza kula meM janme munisuvratanAtha magadha nareza sumitra ke putra the jinakI rAjadhAnI rAjagRha thii| inakI mAtA kA nAma kucha granthoM ke anusAra soma tathA kucha ke anusAra padmAvatI thA / uttara purANa ke anusAra rAjagRha meM hI munisuvrata kA janma huA thA / jaina prAcArya hemacandra ne likhA hai ki yaha prArambha se hI muni athavA sAdhu svabhAva ke the aura sAtha hI vratoM kA pUrNa pAlana karane ke kAraNa inakA nAma bhI munisuvrata par3a gayA thaa| inakA lachana kUrma hai / 2-143

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muni suvrata kI pratimAyeM anya tIrthakaroM kI kI mUrti to rASTrIya saMgrahA naga, naI dillI meM prapekSAkRta kama hI prApta huI haiN| AgarA ke prAgaI thI aura muni suvrata kI prAmbera saMgrahAlaya meM samIpa baTezvara nAmaka sthAna se prApta eka lekha-yukta hI surakSita rhii| pUrvamadhyayugIna prastara pratimA rAjya saMgrahAlaya, lakhanaU meM pradarzita hai| isa mUrti meM unheM eka muni suvrata kI mUrti meM unake ghugharAle keza, siMhAsana para dhyAna-mudrA meM baiThe dikhAyA gayA lambe kAna, vakSa para padma rUpI zrIvatsa cinha, saumya hai| mUla-mUrti ke donoM prora caMvaradhArI sevakoM ke evaM zAnta mukhar3A, Adi, jinakA varAhamihira ne atirikta yakSa varuNa evaM yakSI naradattA bhI aMkita bhI apanI 'vRhatsaMhitA' meM bhI ullekha kiyA hai, kiye gaye haiN| inhIM tIrthakara kI eka anya dhyAnI bar3I sundaratA se dikhAye gaye haiN| 'jina' ne sundara mUrti uDIsA sthita khaNDagiri kI guphAoM meM bhI pAradarzaka dhotI pahina rakhI hai, jisase spaSTa hai ki dekhI jA sakatI hai| parantu isameM inake vakSa para zvetAmbara upAsakoM dvArA isa mUrti kA pUjA hetu zrIvatsa cinha kA abhAva hai yadyapi baTezvara pratimA nirmANa karAyA gayA thaa| tIrthakara kA lAMchana kUrma kI bhAMti inake donoM ora eka-eka sevaka tathA padmapITha ke nIce banA hai, jisase mUti kI pahacAna pIThikA para sUrya kA aMkana huA hai| karane meM sahAyatA milatI hai| tIrthakara mUrti ke pairoM ke samIpa caMvaradhArI eka-eka sevaka khar3A hai Upara variNata donoM pratimAoM se bhinna muni aura padma pIThikA ke donoM ora mUrti ke nirmANa suvrata kI eka mUrti jo Ambera saMgrahAlaya meM kartA upAsaka evaM unakI patnI upAsikA kI laghu pradarzita hai, isameM tIrthakara ko kAyotsarga mudrA meM mUrtiyA~ haiM, jinake hAtha aJjalI-mudrA meM hai| kalA eka pUrNa vikasita padma para khar3e dikhAyA gayA hai| kI dRSTi se prastuta mUrti rAjasthAna kI cauhAna yaha mUrti kAle patthara hI meM banI bhagavAn neminAtha kAlIna kalA, 12vIM zatI I0 kA eka atyanta kI pASANa pratimA ke sAtha kucha varSa pUrva narahar3a kalAtmaka udAharaNa hai aura jaina kalA ke adhyayana nAmaka sthAna se prApta huI thii| bAda ko neminAtha ke lie bhI samAna rUpa se mahatvapUrNa hai| 2-144 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 13

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OKOKOOK prathamAnuyoga ke granthoM kA mukhya uddezya kathA vyAja se janasAdhAraNa meM unake par3hane kI ruci jAgRta karanA, unheM dharma tatva kA bodha karAnA aura itaradharmoM se jaina dharma kI zreSThatA pramANita karanA rahA hai / apane isa uddezya meM ve kahA~ taka saphala hue haiM isakI samIkSA vidvAn lekhaka ne kaI granthakAroM ke udAharaNoM dvArA ina paMktiyoM meM prastuta kI hai / jaina sAhitya meM prayukta dharma parIkSA abhiprAya pAThavIM zatAbdI ke prAkRta ke sazakta karAkAra udyotanasUrI ne kuvalayamAlAkahA meM kAvya aura darzana kA sundara samanvaya prastuta kiyA hai / dhArmika evaM dArzanika cintana ko prastuta karane ke lie unhoMne neka dRSTAntoM, kathAnoM, pratIkoM aura abhiprAyoM kA prayoga kiyA hai / samudra meM naukA kA bhagna honA, dhArmika AcArya dvArA pUrva janmoM kA bRtAnta sunAnA, saMsAra kI prasAratA dekhakara vairAgya prApta karanA, dhArmika paTacitra kA pradarzana, anya dhArmika bicAra - dhArAtroM meM jainadharma kI zreSThatA pratipAdita karanA zrAdi kuvalayamAlA ke dhArmika abhiprAya haiM / yadyapi ye abhiprAya prArambha se hI prAkRta sAhitya meM prayukta hote rahe haiM, kintu udyotanasUri ne unheM naye rUpoM meM prastuta kiyA hai| anya dhArmika mAnyatAoM kI tulanA meM jainadharma SThatA pratipAdita karanA, dharmaparIkSA ke nAma mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 - polyAkA DA0 prema sumana jaina, ema. e. pI-eca0 DI0 esosieTa prophesara eva adhyakSa, jaina vidyA evaM prAkRta vibhAga udayapura vizvavidyAlaya, udayapura se jAnA gayA hai / isake mUla meM dUsare ke doSoM ko dikhAte hue apane guNoM ko prakaTa karanA rahA hai / anya dhArmika matoM meM jo andha-vizvAsa, pAkhaNDa tathA pratizayoktipUrNa bAtoM kA samAveza ho gayA hai| unakA khaNDana karate hue apane dharma kI sArvabhaumi katA tathA prAmANikatA kA pratipAdana hI dharma-parIkSA hai / isa mUla bhAvanA ko lekara prAcIna bhAratIya sAhitya meM kaI racanAeM vibhinna bhASAoM meM likhI gayIM hai| pro veleNakara evaM DA. e. ena. upAdhye ne dharmaparIkSA sambandhI sAhitya kA paricaya diyA hai / loka sAhitya meM bhI isake aneka udAharaNa prApta haiM / 'DikzanarI grApha phokalora' meM parIkSA samdandhI aneka moTipha varNita haiM, jisakA sambandha dharma-parIkSA se bhI hai / udyotanasUri ne rAjA dRr3havarmana kI dIkSA pUrva dharmaparIkSA ke abhiprAya kA prayoga kiyA hai / 2-145

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dar3hada man kisI acche dharma meM dIkSita hone ke lie vikAsa hai tathA isane utaravartI dharma-parIkSA sambandhI pahale apanI kuladevI kI ArAdhanA karatA hai| sAhitya ko kitanA prabhAvita kiyA hai ? kuladevI pragaTa hokara use eka paTTa meM dharma kA dharma-parIkSA ke isa prasaMga ko itane vistRta rUpa svarUpa likhakara detI hai / rAjA usa dharma ke svarUpa __ meM prastuta karane vAle udyotanasUri pahale prAcArya kI jAMca karane ke lie nagara ke sabhI dhArmika haiN| unake pUrva tathA bAda meM bhI itane dhArmika matoM prAcAryoM ko Amantrita karatA hai / 33 AcArya kA eka sAtha mUlyAMkana kisI eka grantha meM nahIM vahAM ekatra hote haiM / ve apane-apane dharma kA svarUpa kiyA gayA hai / yadyapi isa dRSTikoNa ko lekara kahate haiM / rAjA pratyeka ke dharma ko sunakara usakI kaI kathAeM bhAratIya sAhitya meM upalabdha haiM / 'eka acchAI-burAI kI samIkSA karatA jAtA hai / anta kI tulanA meM dUsare ko zreSTha batAnA' yaha dharmaparIkSA meM arhat dharma ke svarUpa ko sunakara use santoSa kI mUla bhAvanA hai, jisakA astitva racanAtmaka hotA hai| kyoMki kuladevI ne bhI vahI dharma use likha aura loka-sAhitya donoM meM prAcIna yuga se pAyA kara diyA thA tathA mukti prApti kA yahI dharma use jAtA hai| Toka lagatA hai / __ vaidika yuga ke sAhitya meM kathAnoM ke sthAna para isa dharma-parIkSA ke prasaMga meM kaI bAteM vicAra- devatAoM kA varNana adhika upalabdha hai| usameM hama NIya haiM / pAThavIM zatAbdI meM itane mata-matAntara pAte haiM ki kabhI indra zreSTha hotA hai to kabhI dharma aura darzana ke kSetra meM vidyamAna the, jinakA viSNa / kabhI varuNa ko pradhAnatA milatI hai to ullekha kuvalayamAlA meM huA hai| ina 33 prAcAryoM kabhI rudra ko| yaha isalie huA hai ki jaba ina kI vicAradhArAnoM ke AdhAra para kahA jA sakatA devatAnoM kI vizeSatAoM ko tulanA kI dRSTi se hai ki unameM se advaMtavAdI, sahU~ tavAdI, kApAlika, dekhA gayA to jisake guNa tatkAlIna mAnava ko prAtmabadhika, parvatapatanaka, gugguladhAraka, pArthida- adhika upayogI lage use pradhAnatA de dI gyii| pajaka, kAruNika evaM duSTa-jIva saMhAraka ye nau yaha eka prakAra kI dharmaparIkSA ke sthAna para guNazaivamata ko mAnane vAle the| ekAtmavAdI, pazuyajJa- parIkSA thI, jisane prAge calakara vikAsa kiyA hai| samarthaka, agnihotravAdI, vAnaprastha, varNavAdI evaM jAtaka sAhitya meM bhI parIkSA sambandhI aneka dhyAnavAdI ye chaha vaidika dharma ke prAcArya the / dAna- kathAe haiM / kahIM sat kI parIkSA kI jAtI hai to vAdI, pratadhArmika, mUrtipUjaka, vinayavAdI, purohita, kahIM zuddhatA kI, kahIM ImAnadArI kI to kahIM guNoM IzvaravAdI tathA tIrtha-vandanA ke samarthaka ye sAta kii| guNoM kI parIkSA hI vAstava meM dharma-parIkSA paurANika dharma kA pracAra karane vAle the| inake kA prAdhAra hai| rAjovAda jAtaka gUNa-parIkSA kA atirikta bauddha, cArvAka, sAMkhya, yoga-darzana ke zreSTha udAharaNa hai, jisameM do rAjAoM ke guNoM prAcArya the| kucha svatantra vicAraka the / yathA- kI parIkSA unake sArathI karate haiM / donoM rAjA prAjIvaka sampradAya ke paMDarabhikSuka evaM niyatavAdI, bala, prAyu saundarya evaM vaibhava sammAna haiM, kintu bhAgavata sampradAya ke citrazikhaNDI, ajJAnavAdI evaM unake guNoM meM thor3A-sA antara hai / eka rAjA mada-paramparAvAdI / ina sabhI prAcAryoM ke matoM kI zaThatA ko jItatA hai| jaise ke sAtha taisA tulanAtmaka samIkSA yahAM apekSita nahIM hai / kintu vyavahAra / jabaki dUsarA rAjA burAI ko bhalAI se yaha vicAraNIya hai ki kuva0 kA yaha dharma-parIkSA jItatA hai / yaha kathA dharma-parIkSA ke ThIka anurUpa kA vivaraNa loka-mAnasa kI kisa mUla bhAvanA kA baiThatI hai / do AcArya dharma kI zreSThatA kI parIkSA 2-146 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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karate haiN| jisa dharma meM sAdhya (mokSa) kI bhAMti satya kA nirUpaNa karate hue, vibhimAnaka ke usake sAdhana (sadAcAra) bhI zreSTha haiM, vahI dharma matoM ko asatya kahA gayA hai / 15 yaha tarka-paddhati uttama kahA jAtA hai / yahI prayatna prAkRta-sAhitya ke dArzanika matoM se sambandhita thii| jaba kabhI kisI vibhinna granthoM meM huA hai| jaina grantha meM anya matoM kA khaNDana karanA hotA para to prAyaH isI prakAra kI eka praNAlI apanAyI zreSThatA kI pahicAna karane vAlI aneka jAtI thii| aura una sabhI janetara matoM kI samIkSA kathAe prAkRta-sAhitya meM haiM / ' pravRti se nivRtti kara dI jAtI thI, jo itihAsa meM prasiddha the / bhale mArga kI, bhAgya se puruSArtha kI tathA lakSmI se hI unakA astitva granthakAra ke yuga meM ho athavA sarasvatI kI zreSThatA ko pratipAdita karane vAlI nahIM / ataH kuvalayamAlA meM jo prasiddha dArzanika kathAnoM kI bhAratIya sAhitya meM kamI nahIM hai . 8 matoM kI parIkSA kI gayI hai, vaha paramparA se akele jambusvAmI kA caritra asat se sat kI prabhAvita hai| kintu pratyeka dharma ke jina anya zreSThatA pramANita karane ke lie paryApta hai| andhavizvAsoM va pAkhaNDoM kA khaNDana udyotana ne jJAtAdharmakathA meM pAMca dhAnyakaNoMkI kathA kevala cAra kiyA hai, ve sambhavataH AThavIM zatAbdI meM vidyamAna bahuproM meM cauthI bahU kI zreSThatA ko hI pramANita the| nahIM karatI, apitu pratIkoM ke anusAra anya vratoM meM ahiMsA kI zreSThatA sthApita karatI hai / kathAoM dharmaparIkSA abhiprAya ke vikAsa meM tIsarA kA nAyaka guNoM kI khAna evaM khalanAyaka doSoM kA mahatvapUrNa AdhAra paurANika evaM kalpita bAtoM para puMja, yaha mithaka isI guNa-parIkSA athavA dharma- jainAcAryoM dvArA vyaMga karane kI pravRti hai / parIkSA ke kAraNa hI vikasita huA hai| isakA isakA prArambha sambhavataH vimalasUri ke paumacariyaM sarvazreSTha udAharaNa hai-samarAiccakahA kA sampUrNa se hamA hai / tatkAlIna pracalita rAmakathA meM kathAnaka / guNazarmA aura agnizarmA ke no janmI vimalasUri ko aneka bAteM viparIta, avizvasanIya kI kathA / 10 rAma aura rAvaNa, bodhisatva aura tathA kalpita pratIta huI / ataH unhoMne nayI rAmamAra, jinendra aura madana11 prAdi pAtroM kI yaha kathA likhI 116 kAvya meM dArzanika tathyoM ke prati yojanA eka kI apekSA dUsare ko zreSTha pramANita cintana kA yaha prArambha thaa| buddhaghoSa ne apane granthoM karane kI mUla bhAvanA kA hI vikAsa hai| meM ise vistAra se sthApita kiyaa| guptayuga ke kaviyoM ne apane granthoM meM kahIM na kahIM dArzanika dharma-parIkSA abhiprAya ke vikasita hone meM dUsarA khaNDana-maMDana ko sthAna denA anivArya mAna liyaa| mahatvapUrNa tattva tarka paddhati kA kramazaH vikasita Age calakara yaha eka kAvyarUr3hi ho gaI, jisakA honA hai / chaThI zatAbdI IsA pUrva ke aneka ekAnta prabhAva dharmaparIkSA ke svarUpa para par3A hai| vAdI cintakoM ke bIca se mahAvIra ke cintana kA ubharanA satya kI zreSThatama pahicAna paricAyaka apabhraMza ke mahAkavi svayambhU ne bhI jainetara mAnyahai / 12 brahmajAlasuta meM aneka mata-matAntaroM ke tAnoM kA khaNDana kiyA hai tathA apanA kAvya pracalita pracalita hone kA ullekha satya ko vibhinna dRSTi- rAmakathA kI paurANika va atizayoktipUrNa bAtoM koNoM se parakhane kA paricAyaka hai / 13 sUtrakRtAMga se bacAkara likhane kI pratijJA kI hai / 17 kintu meM akriyAvAda, ajJAnavAda, kriyAvAda Adi matoM prAkRta-apabhraza ke kaviyoM kI isa prakAra kI kI samIkSA kI gayI hai / 14 praznavyAkaraNa sUtra meM pratijJAoM aura unake kAvyoM ko eka sAtha dekhane ahiMsA prAdi pAMca vratoM ke vivecana ke prasaMga meM para spaSTa hai jina alaukika bAtoM se bacanA cAhate mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-147

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the, unake kAvya unase achUte nahIM haiN|18 antara paddhati thI, jisane dharma-parIkSA abhiprAya ko gati kevala yaha hai ki janetara granthoM ke pAtra jina kAryoM pradAna kii| ko karate the, ve hI kArya aba una pAtroM ke dvArA karAye jA rahe haiM jinheM kavi ne jaina banA diyA jainAcAryoM dvArA dharmaparIkSA abhiprAya ko hai| ataH matAntaroM se vyApta pAkhaNDa ke prati jo apanAne kA pramukha kAraNa thA-jaina dharma ke maulika thor3A-sA vyaMga vimalasUri ne prArambha kiyA thA, vaha svarUpa ko surakSita banAye rakhanA / ahiMsA kI pUrNa adhika tIvra nahIM huA, kAraNa isake kucha bhI rahe pratiSThA svayaM ke puruSArtha dvArA mukti prApti kA prayatna, jIva aura prajIva ke bandhana-mukti kI naisagika-prakriyA tathA dhyAna aura tapa kI sAdhanA kinta IsA kI sAtavI-AThavIM zatAbdI meM dharma- kI anivAryatA Adi kucha pramukha siddhAntoM ke virodha darzana ke kSetra meM punaH parIkSaNa ko pradhAnatA dI jAne meM jo bhI sampradAya va dharma prAtA thA, usakA lgii| bANabhaTTa ne apane granthoM meM aneka dArzanika khaNDana karanA jaina AcAryoM ke lie Avazyaka thaa| prAcAryoM ke matoM kA paricaya diyA haiM / 19 harSacarita isake lie unhoMne kaI mAdhyama cune, jinameM dharmameM divAkara mitra ke prAzrama ke prasaMga meM unnIsa pramukha thaa| udyotanasUri ne dhUrtAkhyAna ke vyaMga ke sampradAya ke prAcAryoM kA nAmollekha hai| unake sthAna meM eka kalI carcA ko hI pradhAnatA dii| kAryoM se jJAta hotA hai ki ve apane matoM ke prati eka sAtha sabhI prAcAryoM kI upasthiti meM unhoMne saMzaya, nizcaya karate hue vyutpAdana bhI karate the| dharma kI zreSThatA para vicAra karanA upayukta smjhaa| kisI eka siddhAnta ko kendra meM rakhakara anya ke AThavIM zatAbdI meM vizvavidyAlayoM ke vikAsa ke sAtha usakI tulanAkara phira zAstrArtha ke lie kAraNa sambhava hai dhArmika vidvAnoM kA isa prakAra kA pravata hote the / 20 ataH anya matoM kI samIkSA kara 2melana bhI hone lagA ho| kisI eka mata ko zreSTha batalAnA, isa yuga ke sAhityakAra ke lie eka paramparA hone lagI thii| dhArmika prAcAryoM dvArA dharma kA svarUpa sunakara isI kA nirvAha jainAcAryoM ne kiyA hai| rAjA kA dIkSita honA bhAratIya sAhitya meM eka kAvya rUr3hi hai / prAcAryoM kA sthAna kahIM mantrI le lete haiM haribhadrasUri ne dharma-parIkSA ko eka nayA mor3a to kahIM purohita / bauddha sAhitya meM ullekha hai ki diyaa| unhoMne asatya ke parihAra ke lie vyaMga ko ajAtazatru ne dharma kA sahI svarUpa jAnane ke lie mAdhyama cunaa|| ke dhUrtAkhyAna nAmaka grantha meM apane mantriyoM se dharma sunA thA / bauddha hote ke nAte purANoM meM variNata asambhava aura asaMgata mAnyatAoM usane bauddha matAvalambI mantrI ke kathana ko pradhAnatA kA nirAkaraNa pAMca dhUrto kI kathAoM dvArA kiyA dI thI / puSpadanta ke mahApurANa meM rAjA mahAbali gayA hai / 21 haribhadra dvArA jainetara matoM para kiyA ke cAra mantriyoM meM kramazaH unheM cArvAka, bauddha, gayA yaha vyaga dhvaMsAtmaka nahIM hai, apitu asaMgata vedAnta tathA jainadharma kA svarUpa kahakara sunAyA bAtoM ke parihAra ke lie sujhAva ke rUpa meM hai| thaa| ataH kuvalayamAlA kahA dharma-parIkSA sambandhI sambhavataH dhUkhyiAna kA gaha vyaMga hindU purANoM ke yaha prasaMga viSayavastu evaM svarUpa kI dRSTi se pUrvasAtha-sAtha jainapurANoM kI bhI una avizvasanIya bAtoM vartI loka-paramparA para AdhArita hai| eka sAtha ke prati thA, jinakA mela jainadharma se nahIM thaa| itane adhika matoM kI samIkSA prastuta karanA isakI satya (dharma) ke doSoM kI parIkSA karane kI yaha eka apanI vizeSatA hai / 2-148 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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mahAvIra jayantI samAroha 1977 ke avasara para zrAyojita sAMskRtika kAryakrama ke tIna dRzya hitA nihita hai| mahAvIra jayantI samAroha mahAvIra jaya $4 mahAvIra jayantI samAroha vAjasthAna jana jayapura

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udyotanasUri ke bAda prAkRta, apabhraza evaM dArzanika stana para hI ho sakA hai / sAmAjika stara saMskRta meM dharmaparIkSA nAma se svatantra grantha hI likhe para to jainadharma anya dharmoM kI vizeSatAoM ke sAtha jAne lge| udyotana ke lagabhaga do sau varSo bAda yahuta prabhAvita ho gayA thA, jisakI pratikriyA apabhraMza meM hariSeNa ne 988 I0 meM dhammaparIkkhA zrAvakAcAra granthoM ke rUpa meM pragaTa huI hai / 25 likhii| isake 26 varSa bAda I0 san 1014 meM dhArmika khaNDana maNDana kI pravRtti 8vIM-10vo pramatigati ne saMskRta meM dharmaparIkSA nAmaka grantha kI zatAbdI meM itanI bar3hI ki apabhraMza ke muktaka kavi racanA kii| ina donoM granthoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana pAkhaNDoM para sIdhA prahAra karane lge| dharmaparIkSA vidvAnoM ne prastuta kiyA hai / 22 usase jJAta hotA hai ke ina kaviyoM ne bhI paurANika dharma para tIvra prahAra ki ye donoM grantha prAkRta meM jayarAma dvArA likhiI kiyA / dhUrtAkhyAna kA vyaMga ina racanAoM meM dUsarA dhammaparIkkhA para AdhArita haiM / 23 yadyapi unapara rUpa le letA hai| usameM kuvalayamAlAkahA kI vaha prAkRta kI uparyukta racanAmoM kA prabhAva ho bhI bhAvanA nahIM hai, jahAM rAjA sabhI prAcAryoM ke mata sakatA hai / jayarAma kI dhammaparikkhA Aja upalabdha kI samIkSA kara anta meM unheM sammAna pUrvaka vidA nahIM haiM / sambhavataH yaha udyotanasUri ke bAda aura karatA hai tathA apane apane dharma meM saMlagna rahane kI hariSeNa ke pUrva kisI samaya meM likhI gayI hogii| svatantratA detA hai / 26 isake bAda meM 17vIM zatAbdI isase itanA to spaSTa hai ki 8 vIM se 11 vIM taka vibhinna bhASAoM meM dharmaparIkSA grantha likhe jAte zatAbdI kA samaya dhArmika kSetra meM khaNDana-maNDana rahe haiM,27 jo pracAra-grantha adhika hai, kAvya-grantha aura tarkaNA kA thA, jisameM jainadharma ke maulika kama / kintu ina granthoM se satya ko tulanAtmaka dRSTi svarUpa ko bacAye rakhane kA prayatna ina dharmaparIkSAmoM se parakhane kI paddhati kA vikAsa avazya huA hai, ne kiyA hai| somadeva ke yazastilakacampa meM isakA jo vartamAna anusaMdhAna ke kSetra meM bhI apanAI vistRta vivaraNa prApta hotA hai / 24 kintu yaha kArya jAtI hai / sandarbha 1. pro0 eca0 DI0 belaNakara, jinaratnakoza, bhUmikA, pUnA 1943 2. upAdhye, enala Apha da bhaNDArakara oriyaNTala risarca insTITayUTa, rajata-jayantI aMka bhAga 23, 1942 kuvalayamAlAkahA, pR0 204-207 4. prema sumana jaina, kuvalayamAlAkahA kA sAMskRtika adhyayana vaizAlI 1975 5. mekDolana, vaidika maaitholaajii| 6. bhadanta prAnanda kotsalyAyana, jAtaka, bhAga, 2/251 7. jagadIzacandra jaina, prAkRta jainakathA sAhitya, 1971 8. penjara, 'da aozana Apha sTorI'; kathAsaritsAgara 9. vimala prakAza jaina, jambUsAmicariu, bhUmikA / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-149

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10. nemicandra zAstrI, haribhadra kI prAkRta kathAoM kA pAlocanAtmaka parizIlanA 11. hIrAlAla jaina, madaNaparAjayacariu 12. devendramuni, bhagavAn mahAvIra : eka anuzIlana, pR0 98-105 13. draSTavya-suttanipAta samiyasutta 14. sUtrakRtAMgakRti 1/12 15.. muni hemacandra, praznavyAkaraNasUtra, dvitIya adhyayana / 16. jaikAbI, paumacariyaM, prathana bhAga / 17. saMkaTAprasAda upAdhyAya, kavi svayambhu / devendra kumAra jaina, apabhraMza bhASA aura sAhi pa, pR0 282-9) 19. agravAla, kAdambarI-eka sAMskRtika adhyayana agravAla, harSacarita-eka sA~skRtika adhyayana pR0197 ghUrtAkhyAna- iNTroDakzana / upAdhye, bha0 o0 ri0 i0 jarnala bhAga 23, 1942 tathA da jaina eNTIkverI, bhAga, 9 pR 21 23. jA jayarAmeM pAsi viraiya gAha paMbaMdhi / sA hammi dhammaparikkhA sA paddhaDiya baMdhi / / -dha0 50 (ha0) [01 24. hanDiki, yazastilaka eNDa iMDiyana kalcara, pR0 329-360 25. kailAzacandra zAstrI, upAsakAdhyayana, bhUmikA 26. 'vaccaha tubbhe, kareha Niyama-dhamma-kamma kirayA-kalAve / ' -kuva0 207-9 27. rAIsa. kantarIja liTarecara, pR0 37 vinTaranitja, hisTrI Apha iDiyana liTarecara, bhAga 2, pR0 561 2-150 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 18

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Almost every religion attributes four features to God namely 1. infinite power, 2. infinite apprehension, 3. infinite knowledge, and 4 infinite joy. Jainism is not an atheism as generally characterized, but a theism because it holds that every soul when perfected and fully developed becomes the true God possessing the aforesaid four features. In Jainism these four features are called 'Ananta Chatustaya.' It is atheison because it depjes God to be the creator of the universe. Thus from one point of view Jajoism is an atheism 1 and from the other view angle a theism. -Polyaka THE JAINA ATHEISM Dr. Harendra Prasad Verma M.A. (Guld Medalist), Ph.D., D.Litt., Reader in Philosophy, Bhagalpur University, (Bihar). He grants unchartered providen'ss to his devotees and is the Moral Governor of the universe. Atheism rejects all these assumptions, because it does not believe in God at all. If there is no God, the question of His Creatorship, etc.. does not a ise. Jainism is generally characterized as atheistic. Atheism is the anti- thesis of theism; it is the complete denial of theism, or as Atkinson Lee points out, "Atheism is a theory con- erning God-a theory which is essen- tially negative."1 "It is rejection of belief in Gid":2 The theists maintain that whatever is in the universe owes its existence to God who is a personal being. He is the creator, maintainer and destroyer of the universe. He is omnipotent, omnipresent, omniscient, benevolen!, kind, honest, just, etc. It would be profitable here to distinguish between Atheism and Anti theism, Atheism is the complete denial of theism as it rejicts all beliefs in God, whereas anti-theism is opposed to theism in certain respects. A theory which accepts God but denies the mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-151

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theistic notion of Him, is also anti- theistic. For example, Pantheism is anti-theism in so far as it deniss the personal nature and attributes o God, bput it is not atheism because it accepts God in one form or the other. Hence, if is debatable whether Jainism is af heistic or Anti-theistic. Atheism has four important forms, viz., Sceptical atheism, Agnostic atheism, Dogmatic atheism and Critidal atheism. Sceptical atheism is that theory which doubts the existence of God as we find in the philosophy of Hume. Agnostic atheism holds that God is unknown and unknowable. It is evident in the philosophy of Kant Dogmatic atheism is that attitude which does not accept Gid but denies His existence on blind f. ith. Carvaka, in Indian philosophy, may be regarded as an example of dogmatic atheism. Critical atheism is that which examines critically the profs for the existence of God and finding them vacuous, tends to deny the e istence of God. of many deities, accepted the notion of ore sovereign God, who is supposed to te the Creator, Maintainer and Destroye: of the universe, holding personal and moral relationship with m..nkind and granting unchartered providences to his devoties. Jainism de: ounces the notion of a personal God with all his attributes. It is evident from the following prayer of Mallisena, a noted Jaina logician, ac dressed to Lord Mahavi.a, "There is a maker of the world, and He is one, He is imnipresent, He is selfdependent, He is ete nal--these would be pretence of mere assurances on the part of those whose teacher thou art not."3 Jainism not only rejects the theistic but also the Pantheistic notion of God or the Absi lute, which will be evident from the refutation of the arguments advance for the existence of G d. All these may go to brand Jainism as a form of "Critical atheism." Refutation of the proofs for the existence of God : The Jainas denounce the different Mahavira made a break with the arguments advanced by the thcists for vedic traditicn which attributed God. the existence of God, which are as hood to the different forces of Nature Flowe like fire, sun, moon, sea, etc., and conceived the deities like Agni, surya, he Naiyayikas, advance the soma, varuna, and so on. He also c. usal argument for the existence of denounced monotheism, which instead God. They maintain that ev. ry pro 2-152 HETETT serial ifrat 78

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also be uncreated and eternal even having parts like the sky. duct, like a pot or house, is made by some agent. As the world is a product, it must also have an intelligent creator and that is God. But according to Jainism, this argument is unscund, because the minor premise (i.e., 'The world is a product') is unproved. How can we regard the world to be a product? F.W. Thomas puts the Jaina argument in this resp.ct in the following words, "Whereas first it is said by the opponent that earth, etc., have an intelligent maker, because they are products, like a pot, etc., is unproved, because there is no apprehension of a comprehension. For it is agreed by all the disputants that 'only in the case of comprehensicas and well established by proof will the Middle Term his Major Term.''4 Bertrand Russell has also argued in the same vein. According to him, if every event must have a cause, one may ask the cause of God also. And if God can be conceived to be without cause, the world also can very we'l be con- ceived to be without cause. What is the harm in supposing that the world itself is uncreated and without cause ? (2) The existence of a Creator God has been posed on the anology of the pot and the patmaker, but this analogy is not fe,fect because both the pot and the potter are perceptible objects, whereas God is not an object of perception. Fu ther, the potter or the agent who produces anything, has a bidy. Now, God as an agent should also have a body is perceptible or imperceptible ? The first alternative is obviously false, because there is a contradiction by perception. If we hold that He is an imperceptible being, then it is also unsound because if the reason or the ground be perceptible things, the consequent or the object of conclusion will also be perceptible. If God is supposed to be imperceptible, the analogy of pot and pot-maker does nct hold good. The potter is p.rceived to have a body and if God is without to have a body and it go a body, there is disagreement between example and exempl.fied. For forms of products, pot, etc., are seen to have makers with bodies, and, if without a body, how can he have the capacity for producing a product ? According to Hume, the causal argument based on the an: logy of house and housemaker is cbviously absurd. He asks, "C. n you pretend to show any such simila.ity between the fabric of a The Naiyayikas maintain the world is created is like a product, because it has parts. Now the Jainas answer that the Naiyayika themselves maintain that the sky is uncreated although it has parts. Similarly, the world can mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 2-153

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of a nature house, and the generation universe? Have you ever seen in any such situation as resembles the first arrangement of the elements? Have worlds ever been formed under your eye; and have you had leisure to observe the whole progress of the phenomenon, from the first appearance of order to its final consumation? If you have, then cite your experience, and deliver your theory."? Further, it is when we conceive the world an the analogy of a pot, house or machine that we require an agent, but if we change the analogy, the demand for an agent will not arise. For example, the grass, trees, rainbows, clouds, etc., are products, but they are not produced by any agent. Similar may be the case with the universe. Just as a plant evolves automatically, likewise the phenomena of the universe may also have origin and decay spontaneously (Svatah srstivada). The same argument has been used by modern analysts to disprove the Tele logical argument for the eistence of God. They hold that the notion of creator God arises from the As the "misapplication of image." universe is pictured as a machine, there arises the necessity of God as mechanic. However, there image can te changed and that will lead to an altogether different con.lusion. Accor a 2-154 ding to J.J.C. Smart, "If we press the analogy of the universe to a plant, instead of a machine, we get to a very different conclusion. And why should the one analogy be regarded any better or worse than the other?"8 (3) God, ex-hypothesie, is eternal and above all changes. If God is beyond all actions, He cannot be the creator, because creation involves activity. Without 'selective knowlege' and 'will to create', creation is not possible. But these cannot be in a timeless reality. Moreover, if God does not change, He cannot also be discovered.9 (4) The theists say that creation took place by the will of the Lord. "I should be many "(Ekoham bahusyamah) is the motive behind creation. But the Jainas argue that desire is the sign of want. God who is absolute and is in His eternal bliss, will not have any want and hence there cannot be any motive to become many (5) Further, creation and destruction involve af ection (Raga) because there cannot be without any motive. But if God has affection and some such vices, He cannot be God. And if He is without affection, He cannot create. So either God is not God or He cannot be a Creator. This is the dilemma involved in the conception of God and His creatorship. mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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(6) Jainism also rejects the notion Jainism also denounces the metaof the Brahman or the Absolute Self, physical attributes of God like omnia which is supposed to be the common potence, unity, eternity, perfiction, ground of the self and not-self. But, etc. According to it, if God is omniaccording to Jainism, the conscious putent, He should be the absolute and self and unconscious matter (Pudgala) sole creator of everything. But we are to opposed to have any common find that there are many things created background. Samkara in order to by men and not by God. Further, defend the vedic and upanisadic con- God is held to be one on the cept of the Brahman has some how ground that if there were many gods, derived the unconscious (Acetana) there would have been disharmony, entity also from the same primal conflict and chaos, for each would cause, the Brahman. Ramanuja also work according to his own choice, holds that the Brahman is the common plan and purpose, But the Jainas argue ground of both Cit (conscious) and that this is not true. We find many Acit (unconscious) entities, and these masons constructing the same house. are integral to His being. But accor- Even lower animals like the bees and ding to Kundakunda, a noted Jaina ants, make their hives and ant-hills thinker, it is absurd. If the doctrine together harmoniously. Finally, God of the identity of the cause and effect is said to be eternally perfect. But, (Satkaryavada) is accepted these con- according to Jainism, the notion of tradictory effects the unconscious eternal perfection is absurd, because and the conscious--the Not-self and perfection consists in the removal of the self-cannct be derived from the imperfection. It is meaningless to same cause, the Brahman, which is call any one perfect, who was never taken to be conscious by the Veda and imperfect. Thus eternal perfection is the Upanishad.11 The same argument contradiction in terms. has teen employed in modern times by J. P. Sartre for the refutation of The Jainas deny God also because the existence of God. According to they like Sartre, found God to be the negator of human freedom. The notion him also, there are two fundamental of God as the dispenser of good and categories -En-soi (unconscious) and evil, is against human freedom and Pour soi (conscious). As these are endeavour. If man reaps the consecontradictory, these cannot have a quence of his own action, God becommon background, God. comes redundant, and if God ordains Arale part iftar 78 2-155

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everything, personas endeavour be- eomes me ningless. 12 Sartre also denied God in the same vein in order to make room for human feedm. He also argues that if everything regar- ding human existence is from before in the mind of God, human life becomes completely determined. It is not what man makes by his personal effort but what has teen preordained by God. "Thus each individual man is the realization of a certain concep tion "13 But, in fact, man is the maker of himself and his own distiny. This necessarily eads to the deni) of God Feuerbach also declared, "our enemy is Go: The denial of God is the beginning of wisdom." Comte found God to be a blemish for human dignity and an obstacle in human progress. Hence he says, "The sole effect of its (th-istic) doctrine is to doctrine is to degrade the affections by unlimited desires, and to we ken the character by servile terrors."14 vira was born in the Republic of the Licchavis, he had the republican attitude and hence he considered every individual self to be real and ind pendent. In his conception of heaven every self is God-- "Aham Indra", and nobody is under the subjugation of any other being. Like Freud, he also decried the religion of self-surrender (Samarpana) which is nothing but regression to childhood den to childhood-depandence on Father. Mahavira wanted that man should come out of the dream of his infancy, te adult and educated to reality, and take charge of his own existence. Jung also found that "it is the prime task of all education (of adults) to convey the archetype of the God-image, or its emanations and effects, to the conscious mind."15 For, as Frieda Fordham observed, "If this does not happen there is split in his nature; he may be outwardly civilized, but inwardly he is a barbarian ruled by an achaic god.''16 Mahavira exhorted man to realize and perfect his own self ra!her than surrendering before a Deity presiding over the phenomena Deity n of the universe. He propounded a "religion of self-effort", and declared that a man becomes Sramana by dint of his own labour (samayaye samano hoi).17 Religion consists in self-awakening. (Sutta amuni, munina saya jagaranti), 18 Now the question arises, where- from do we have the notion of God ? According to Freud, the notion of God is born of the infantile d pendence on Father. "God nothing but father's image." Mahavira also believed that God is the symbol of authority. It is the legacy of Monarchy. Man imagines a world-Ru'er in the image of the Ruler of state.15 But as Maha- 2-156 i rat urat Fari 78

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mahAvIra jayantI samAroha 1977 lAla bhavana, jayapura meM zrImatI pAzA golechA kI adhyakSatA meM Ayojita mahilA sammelana viziSTa atithi zrImatI candrakAntA DaNDiyA bhI dikhAI derahI haiM sAMskRtika kAryakrama viziSTa atithi : zrI hIrAbhAI ema. caudharI vijetA ko TrAphI pradAna karate hue zrI mahAvIra digambara jaina ucca mAdhyamika vidyAlaya meM Ayojita nibaMdha pratiyogitA meM pratiyogIgaraNa Jain Education Intemational For Pile Wellbrary.org

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(Does Jainism deny God altogether? mercilessly the cause of self-efile. ments (Raga & dresa) in the fire of We have seen that Jainism denies wisdom, and have imparted knowldge the existence of God but, in fact, it of the re. lity to inquisitive world, are does not co away with the notion of the gods like the eternal Brahman."21 God altogether. What Jainism denies The Tirthankaras, who have conquered is the notion of a Monotheistic God, their passions and have gone beyond which is anthropo:r or; hic. But it the process of becoming, are lice accepts the existence of God in the Gods. It is in this sense that Mahaform of Parmatma. Like Kierkegard, vira is call d "Blagran", for Bhagvan Mahavira believes that 'God is not means the person who has gone bean extemality'; He is the inmost sub yond the process of bhava (becoming), jectivity to te realized by intuitive and has attaired salvation and selfexperience. As a matter of fact, the perfection. Thus Jainism does not de.cription of Parmatma in the Aca await the descent of Cod in the human rarga sutra is similar to that of the frame, rather it beli:ves in the ascent Upanisa ls. 19 The upanisads say, "This of man to divine status. In the words self is Cod' (Ayam atma Brahma), "That of Dr. Radhakrishnan, "The Jaina Thou a t' (Tat tram asi), 'I am God' thinkers hold that man can attain (Aliam Brahma: mi), and so on. The divinity, ind Cod is only the highest, same has been said by Lord Mahavira noblest ind fullest manifestation of when he said, "Appa so Paramappa"20 all the powers that lie latent in the (The self is God). However, Jainism soul of man."22 As Jainism does not does not favour the monistic and do away with the notion of God, it absolutistic conception of the self; it is in reality, only anti-theistic and not always lays emphasis on individulism athci tic pluralism and freedom, ind, hence, it hol:'s that every individual self is Philosophies may differ but if we God, not Lecause of being a part and watch closely the psychology of man, parcel of God, but because of the we shall find that human nature is possession of four infinite powers everywhere the same. All of us have (Aranta chatustaya). Every soul is tha same hopes and despairs, wekperfect, and hence instead of accepting nesses and frailties. It makes no one Absolu:e, it accepts many perfect difference whether one is a Jaina, a souls. In the Svayambhu stotra it has Baucdha or a Hindu. Consequently, been said, "Those who have burnt the popular religion is also more or RETATT Terat faifai 78 2-157

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less the same. If we observe the instal t'eir statues on the shrine ache.ents of differcnt religions going and bow before them almost in the to the temples, mosques or the chur- same manner and spirit as a theist ches, with thcir hearts laden with does before the image of God. God giie:, we shall find the same ho, es and thus ousted from the door, enters again fcars, and it makes no difference through the window. This is perewhether the huid which bows down in nnial story of the strength and weakpr. yer, is on ihe shrine of Lord Maha- ness of mankind which in the heart of vira, Je:us Christ or Lord Krishna. heart che:ishes the belief in God. Tagore has rightly observd, "Alas. What does this fundamental yearning for the foolish human heart? The for God, which not is individu. 1, but fund mistakes are persistent. Reason archetypal mean? Does it reveal the comes and breaks cur he.rt but we attributes that constitute the being of move ahead in search of another God or it is merely vacuous-a psychotolies ? Lord Mahavira and the Buddha logical fall..cy burn of infantalism-a may deny God but their desciples "fond mistake" which is ever persisexhalt themselves to the status of God, tint ? 1. Grouudwork of the philo ophy of Religion. 2. R Flint, Artitheistic Theories. p. 4. 3. Karta asti kascijiagatah si caikah sa sarvagih svavasa' sa rityah. Ima kuhevaka vidambana syuh teyam ni yesamanusasakasttvam (Syad:ad Manjari, 6) 14. Syadvad Manjari Commentory on verse 6, Motilal Banarsidas Delhi, p. 31, 5. Ibid--p. 31. 6. Pramana-Noya-Tattvalokalamkara, p. 32. 7. Dialogues concerning Natural Religion, in The Philosophical Works of * Humo, vol. II, Adam Black Willian. Tait and Charles Tail, 1826, p. 451. 2. Syadvada Manjari, p. 31. 8. J. J. C. Smart. "Ilie Existence of God', New Essays in Philosophical Theology. S.C.M. Press, London, 1955, p. 42. 9. Nasprstah karmabhih sasvad visvadrsvasti kascana. Tasyanupaya siddhasya sarvathanupapattitah (Apta Mimamsa, 8) Nityatvaikanta paksepi vikriya nopapadyate. Prageva karkabhavah kva praman:m kvatphalam. (Ibid, 37) 2-158 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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10. Svayam srjati catpramah kimiti daitya vidham sanam Sudusta jana nigraha rattniti ceda srstirvaram Krtatma karaniyaksya jagatam kritirnisphata Svabhava iti cenmrsa sahi sudusta evapyate. (Patra Kesari Stotra, 33) 11. Vide Samaya sara Bharatiya jyana Pitha, Delhi, 1944, p. 109. 12. Svayam krtah karma yadat mnapura phalam tadiyam labhate subhasubham parena dattam yadi labhyate sphutam svayam kitam karma nirarthakam tada (Bhavana Dvatransatika, 30) 13. Sartre, Existentialism and Humanism, Methuen, London, 1963, pp. 27-28. 14. Vide, Kailash Chandra Shastri, Jaina Dharma, B. D. Sangha, Mathura, p. 116. 15. C. G. Jung, Psychology of Alchemy, p. 12. 16. Frieda Fordham, An Introduction to Jung's Psychology, Penguin books, U.S.A., 1963, p. 74. 17. Uttaradhyayana sutra 25, 32. 18. Acaranga sutra 3/10. 19. Vide Acaranga sutra, 1/6, also Uttaradbyayane sutra, 14/19. 20. Prajnapana sutra. 21. Svayambhu stotra, 1/4. 22. The concept of mao, (Ed.) P. T. Raju, Preface, George Allen & Unwia, London, p. 9. PRAYER Thy shining form, the rays of which go upwards, and which is really very much lustrous and dispels the expanse of darkness, looks excellently beautiful under the Ashoka-tree like the orb of the sun by the side of clouds. -Acharya Mantunga ugtatt FTUR FEft For 78 2-159

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dharma, dhArmika aura dharmAlaya dharma kyA ? dhArmika kauna hai ? aura dharmAlaya kahA~ hai ? yaha saba kucha jAne binA Aja kA vyakti eka dUsare ko dhArmika hone kA vrata oTe hue haiM / saca hai ki kyA, kauna aura kahAM kI jAnakArI vyakti ko kendronmukhI banAtI hai / 2-168 vi0, bA0 DA0 mahendrasAgara pracaNDiyA, zrAgarA roDa, alIgar3ha ) mUla, tanA, zAkhAeM, vRnta, patta e, phUla aura phala mila kara vRkSa banatA hai| ina sabhI padArthoM ke apane apane svabhAva haiM / guNa haiM / pratyeka padArtha meM ananta guNa vidyamAna hote haiM / ina guNoM kA ThIka ThIka jAnanA hI to dharma hai| jo hai use pahacAnanA, jAnanA vastutaH dharma kahalAtA hai / isa prakAra dharma sarvatra hai, vyApaka hai / dhyAna itanA rakhanA hai ki jo prApta hai vaha grAja nahIM to kala antatogatvA eka dina avazya samApya hai / dharma kabhI prApta nahIM hotA kyoMki vaha kabhI samApya nahIM hai / isIlie kahatA hUM ki prApya aura samApya ke jhaMjhaTa se kosoM dUra hameM vyApta ko jAnanA cAhiye | 'vatthu sahAvI dhammo' arthAt vastu kA svabhAva hI dharma hai / vyApta ko jAnanA hI dharma hai| aura dharmamaya honA hI dhArmika hotA hai| grAma taura para kisI bhI sattA kI, upAsya kI pUjA arcanA jo kara letA hai use hama prAyaH dhArmika kahane lagate haiM / ise kyA viDambanA nahIM kaheMge ? jo svabhAva hai unake prati viparIta calane vAlA vyakti dhArmika kaise ho sakatA hai ? pratyeka prAMNI kI mUla zakti kA nAma AtmA hai | ahiMsA, satya, avaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha Adi usake ananta guNa haiM; svabhAva haiM / jo ina svabhAvoM meM rahatA hai vahI to dhArmika hai / dhArmika hone ke lie hama kisI ke pramANa-patra kI pratIkSA na kareM / yathAzIghra dhArmika hone kI sthiti meM hoM / dharmAlaya kahAM hai ? jahA~ dharma hai vahIM dharmAlaya hai / jaba dharma sarvatra hai phira dharmAlaya ekatra kaise ho sakatA hai ? maiM sattA, jAnane kI zakti tathA usa zakti ko dhAraNa karane vAlA zarIra hI vAstava meM dharma, dhArmika aura dharmAlaya haiN| yadi nahIM haiM to hameM jAgRta hokara zIghra honA cAhiye tAki sukhI aura sampanna jIvana jiyA jA sake / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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Wo Jiu Zhi dan, Shen She Yin Wu Fa Shi khaNDa Gai NA Fa Jie Fa Hun Zhuang EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEN mukta cintana tathA anya

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rAjasthAna ke udyogamaMtrI zrI trilokacaMda dazalakSaNa parva samAroha 1677 kA udghATana karate hue ta kSamApana parva samAroha 1977 sabhA ke maMtrI zrI bAbUlAla seThI dazalakSaNa parva samAroha ke avasara para rAjasthAna ke udyogamaMtrI zrI trilokacaMda jaina kA svAgata karate hue |

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vizvabandhutvasyotprerako bhagavAna mahAvIraH *le. manohara purastha saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya prAdhyApaka nArAyaNa sahAya zAstrI ema. e. hindI vyAkaraNAcArya BESERTREEKE ETEREBERRARER REEKRISESESE ahimA mUla prAcAraH, vicAro'neka mUlakaH, vyavahArazca syAvAdaH samAjo hyaparigrahaH // 1 // mariNa stambheSu caiteSu, prAsAdo jaina dharmakaH, sarvodayI vizAlazca, vibhati vizvabandhutAm // 2 // tIrthaGkarAzca, te sarve jIrNoddhAra parAyaNAH / cAntimo'yaM mahAvIraH, prANimAtraM samuddharan / / 3 / / avatIrNo hi loke ca, svAdhInA muktidAyakaH / paMcazatI samAyuktam, dvisahasra ca yApitam / / 4 / / trizalA svAminI rAjJI, siddhArthasya gunnaanvitaa| dadarza svapna sAkArAn, putraprAptezca sUcakAn // 5 // caitra mAse site pakSe, trayodazyAM zubhe dine / trizalA khyAtimApannA, putraratna majIjanat // 6 // so'yaM samujjvalaH zAmtaH, ka ntyA dhvavighAtakaH / f taiSI lA mAnyazca, matizru tyavadhijJaH vibhuH / / 7 / / vardhamAna guNenduzca, varddhamAnaH pracakSate / yunA rAjakumAraNa, niSiddha pAriNapIDanam / / 8 / / asAraM parito jJAtvA, tyaktvA rAjyasukhAni ca / parigrahama nityaM hi, , tatyAjaMtaM taponidhiH / / 6 / / saMsato vijayaM prApya, mahAvIraH prajAyate / dvAdazAbdIya maunAnte, hyazeSa jIvanaM jagat // 10 //

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ESSAREERS RESOR BENGABEBER satpathe gamayennityam, cintAcakra pracakrame / valiprathAvirodhena, jIvo jIvasya bhakSakaH // 11 // iti cintA viSaNNo'yaM jIvyAjjIvaya jIvanam / ciraMtanaM sukheneha, rakSyaM rakSyaM bhavejjagat // 12 // iti cintAkulo bhUtvA, vabhrAma bhArate svayam / dadarza tatra duHkhAni, varNaH jAtiSu lakSyate / / 13 / / rASTrIya saMhatiH naSTA, naSTaM cAtmagauravam / sarveSAM paritrANAya, mahAvIrazca jAyate / / 14 / / ahiMsA paramo dharmaH itvAcAraH paraM babhau / pAtmanaH pratikUlAni, na kadApi samAcaret / / 15 / / triMzadvarSAtmake kAle, vidhAya vandhu bhAvanAm / mahAvIrazca dayauH pAvAM pATalIputra poSitAm / / 16 / / kAtike cAsite pakSe amAvasyAM rAtri sNnidhau|| dvisaptatitame .. varSe, prAyuSazca taponidheH / / 17 / / mahAna, nirvANa pAsAdya, vizvavandyazca jAyate / / sarva jIva samo. bhAvaH sarva dharmaparAyaNaH / / 18 / / sarva jAtiH samA loke, zubha sadeza dhArakaH / / vizvavandhutva bhAvaM ca, mahAvIro jagAdaha // 16 / / prANinaH pIr3itAH na syuH sAtvika bhojanaM kuru. / . abhimAnaM surApAnaM, na kuryAd divasaM vaset // 20 // nAdhikaM saMcayaM kuryAd, sarva dharmAna samanvayet / zAntyA krodhaM jayennityam, dharmeNa ga'tamAn bhavet / / 21 // lArasvareNa vIro'yaM, mokSaH saMketa dAyakaH / / na mokSaH sampradAyattaH, satya dharmaparAyaNaH / 22 // dharmeNa hanyate bhedaH, Atma bhAvaH prajAyate / / iti bandhutva bhAvena, adyApi jagat: sthitiH / / 23 / smarAmitaM mahAvIraM, praNamAmi punaH punaH / asAra khalu saMsAraM, jJAtvA dhyeyaM tama vyayam // 24 // vA~chita mAzu me dehi mahAvIra ! tvameva hi / vizvabandhutva bhAvena bhAvanIyo bhavAmyaham // 25 // 178 3-2

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( mahAvIratva kI khoja meM mahAvIra ) prItaMkara . zrI mizrIlAla jaina eDavokeTa __ pRthvIrAja mArga, gunA (deva loka ke anekoM devatA unheM ghere khar3e the prItaMkara deva uThe / niyata devAMganA ne kahAmRtyu prAI, nizzabda padacApa se AI, kisI ko aAyo deva ! prathama milana ko sArthakatA pradAna usake pAne kI AhaTa taka nahIM huI aura vaha prItaMkara kreN| prItaMkara-devi ! prathama milana ! nahIM nahIM ko sAtha lekara calI gii| zeSa raha gaI devatAoM . ke madhya prItaMkara kI kIrti jo devaloka meM bhI tumheM bhrama hai| milana kI samasta upalabdhiyoM se mRtyu se abhaya hone kA varadAna de rahI thii| para hRdaya paricita hai, phira prathama milana kaisA ? mahAvIratva abhI eka anAvRta rahasya thA, durlabha prAkarSaNa ajJAta sukhoM ke prati hotA hai aura devi ! yAtrA thii|) upalabdha hote hI AkarSaNa TUTa jAtA hai / bhogoM kI prakriyA bhogoM kA pariNAma sabhI smRti meM haiM / tIrthaGkaratva kI khoja meM samrAT hariSeNa kI .. lagatA hai hama bhogoM ko bhoga rahe haiM, para bhoga svayaM saMjJA se vibhUSita jIva prItakara bnaa| svargaloga usake liye koI nayA loka nahIM thaa| svargoM kI hameM bhoganA prArambha kara dete haiM / vaha yAtrA kara cukA thA, sAgaroM kI Ayu bitA devAGganA ne kahA-svAmI ! janma ke prathama cukA thaa| jaba vaha svarga loka kI zaiyA para jAgA divasa meM-milana kI belA meM yadi virakti kA to saba kucha bhogA huA lgaa| svargaloka meM saba kA sUtra liyA to sAgaroM kI Ayu kaise kucha pUrvavat thA, kintu saundarya, kalA, sAja-sajjA . bItegI ? pUrva se bhI adhika manohara thii| prAkRtika dRzya deva-devi! tumheM bhrama hai, ki sAgaroM kI Ayu saritAroM ke nirmala jala se dhvanita saMgIta, pakSiyoM bitAne ke liye puruSArtha karanA par3atA hai, bahatI huI kA kalarava, saMgItamaya thA / paga paga para saundarya kA saritA kA jala aura bItatI huI Ayu kyA kabhI bhrama-jAla, paga paga para pralobhana ! ... rukatI hai / gati usakA dharma hai| randhramaya pAtra meM mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 3-3

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nihita jala kI bhA~ti yaha prAyu bhI rIta jAtI usa maraNabhIta devatA ko saMbodhita karane ve usake samIpa gaye aura bole-deva duHkhI kyoM devAGganA-deva ! martyaloka ke bhIru puruSoM / devatA-dekhate nahIM mere gale kI mAlA murajhA kI sI bAteM karate ho| vahA~ puruSa digambara veSa meM vicaraNa karate haiM, tapta zilAnoM para tapate haiM " aura kahate haiM hama mukti ko khoja rahe haiM / ApakI prItaMkara-to kyA ? murajhAne do ! bAteM aise bhIru manuSyoM se RNa lI huI pratIta hotI haiM / prItaMkara deva ne digambara zramaNa kI carcA deva-murajhAne dU? yaha devaloka, devaloka sunI to unake nayana meM svayaM kI AkAMkSAyeM sAkAra ho uThIM ! nayana-kSitija para digambara mati mati- kA yaha vaibhava kyA saba svapna haiM |-vh phira mAna ho utthii| unake hAtha zraddhA se uTha gaye- cItkAra karane lagA |unhoNne vinata svara meM kahA-sAhUsaraNaM pavvajjAmi, prItaMkara ne kahA-devi ! tumane zramaNa kA bahuta prItaMkara-suno, kaba taka rudana karoge, adhika bikRta, avAMchanIya rUpa prastuta kiyA hai / svargaloka se adhika 6 mAha / mRtyu mitra hai| usase itane kA vaibhava unake caraNoM kI dhUli hai| binA bhIta hone kI AvazyakatA nhiiN| digambaratva dhAraNa kiye mukti kahA~ ? dhanya ho devi, tumhAre kAraNa una pavitra AtmAoM kA devatA-kyA mRtyu mitra hai ? smaraNa karane kA saubhAgya milaa| prItaMkara-mRtyu mitra bhI hai aura zatru bhI / sahasA samIpa se karuNa cItkAroM kI dhvani mitra unakI hai, jo nirbhaya haiM, zatru unakI hai jo sunAI par3ane lgii| eka deva cIkha rahA thA, jaise __ tumhAre sadRza bhayabhIta haiM / bandhu ! kyA tumheM jJAta hai, pUrvabhava meM kahAM the? tuma sadaiva se devaloka meM use koI pIr3A pahuMcA rahA ho / devAGganA cakita nahIM ho, koI bhI sadaiva se devaloka meM nahIM hai / hokara use dekhane lagI aura bolI svAmi ! yaha jaba the nahIM-taba Aye, aura jaba Aye ho to svargaloka hai, Adhi-vyAdhi kA koI bhaya nhiiN| jAnoge avazya / prajJA ko jAgRta karo ! samyak bhUkha-pyAsa ko yahA~ sthAna nahIM, phira yaha kisa darzana kA sUtra pkdd'o| mRtyu tumhArI mitra bana pIr3A se duHkhI hai| jAyegI / apanI mAnasika zAMti ke liye isa maMgala sUtra kA smaraNa karo prItaMkara-devi, sabase bar3A dukha hai mRtyu / aura namaskAra zrI arihaMtoM ko yaha mRtyu ke bhaya se duHkhita hai| jIvana kI samApti kA saMketa dene vAlI isakI mAlA kA surabhita sumana siddhi pradAtA siddhoM ko prAcAryoM ko Aja mlAna ho gayA hai| prAyu kI samApti meM aba upAdhyAyoM ... ko kevala 6 mAha zeSa haiN| sarva loka ke santoM ko 3-4 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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prItaMkara deva isa anAdi maMgala sUtra ko doharAte rahe / maraNabhIta deva usakA anusaraNa karatA rahA / usakA kaMpama banda ho gyaa| pIr3A vilIna ho gaI / devAMganA maMtra ke prabhAva se prabhAvita thI / cakita dRSTi ko dekhakara prItaMkara deva kahane lagedevi ! yaha mantra adbhuta hai, anAdi hai, sabase sarala aura sabase durUha hai ! isakA mahatva samajhane meM bar3e bar3e vidvAn bhI cUka jAte haiM / isake donoM chora do pRthak pRthak saMketa dete haiM / mantra ke zikhara se caraNa kI ora bandanA kA krama hai aura caraNa se zikhara kI mora sAdhanAkA / devAGganA- spaSTa kare deva ! prItaMkara - bahuta sarala bAta hai devi / jaba namaskAra karanA hai---arahanta, siddha, prAcAryoM, upAdhyAyoM aura sarvaloka ke santoM ko namaskAra kareM, kintu java prAcaraNa meM utAranA ho taba prathama digambarI dIkSA dhAraNa kara zramaNa bano / zrAtmajJAna upalabdha karo aura bhavya jIvoM ko upadeza kA amRta vitarita kara upAdhyAya bano tatpazcAt jJAna ko upalabdhi kara prAcArya pada prApta karo / mukti ke mArga para svayaM bar3ho aura saMghastha zramaNoM ko usa patha para bar3hane ke liye prerita kro| phira siddhatva kI prApti kro| samasta grahanta siddha hote haiM kintu sarva siddha arhanta nahIM hote / arhanta AtmA kI zuddhatama avasthA ko svayaM to upalabdha karate haiM, sAtha hI dharma tIrtha kI sthApanA karate haiM / isaliye krama meM prathama haiM / devAGganA -- yaha mantra pradabhuta | deva ! mujhe bhI kaMThastha karAyeM / prItaMkara kA adhikAMza samaya jina bhakti meM, prAtmacintana meM vyatIta ho rahA thA akRtrima caityAlayoM kI vandanA karate samaya devAMganA prAya: prItaMkara deva ke sAtha rahatI para prItaMkara kA nirjIva mUrtiyoM ke samakSa yo zraddhAnata honA use niSprayojana lagatA / eka dina jinavandanA karate samaya usane mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 apane manobhAvoM ko vyakta karate huye kahA~nizcita hI ye vItarAga mUrtiyAM manojJa, bhavya aura anupama haiM, para devatA kA nirjIva mUrtiyoM ke caraNoM meM nata honA kyA andhazraddhA nahIM hai ? prItaMkara - devi, tumane bhramoM ke anagina zrAvaraNa pAla rakhe haiM | cetana sva ke zrAge vinata thA / zuddha Atma kI bhakti meM lIna thA / vaha nirdoSa vItarAgI darpaNa meM apane vimba kI tulanA kara rahA dhA-ki prabhu ! tuma jaisA banane se kitanI dUra hU~ ? AtmA jaba taka sva-cintana meM lIna hone kI sthiti meM na pahuMce, taba taka mUrti kA nimitta anivArya hai devi ! jaba AtmA sva zrabhA se dIpta ho uThatI hai taba kisI nimitta, kisI parAye dravya kI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI ! upAsanA bhI eka kalA hai, karmoM ko kATane kI eka vaijJAnika praNAlI hai| prItaMkara kI dinacaryA devatAoM meM carcA kA viSaya thA / unakA jIvana-zAMtipUrNa DhaMga se dhArmika rIti se vyatIta ho rahA thA / meM prItaMkara eka dina eka saghana vRkSa kI chAyA kAyotsarga mudrA meM khar3e dikhe| unakI devocita kAnti nisteja par3ane lagI kintu nayanAbhA dviguriNata ho uThI / unakI Ayu puSpa kI mAlA ke sumana sUkhane lage the / -- vANI kSINa par3a gaI thI kintu unake adharoM se prasphuTita zabda nirbhara kI bhAMti satat pravAhita ho rahe the kevalipaNa dhammaM saraNaM pavvajjAmi, devaloka ke anekoM devatA unheM ghere khar3e the, mRtyu zrAI, nizzabda padacApa se AI, kisI ko usake mAne kI bhI grAhaTa nahIM huI aura vaha prItaMkara ko sAtha lekara calI gii| zeSa raha gaI devatAnoM ke madhya prItaMka kI kIrti / jo devaloka meM bhI mRtyu abhaya hone kA varadAna de rahI thI / para mahAvIratva kI khoja meM prItaMkara kI prAtmA priya mitra cakravartI ke rUpa meM manuSyaloka meM avatIrNa huii| 03-5

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kahAnI gAcarya dikhane lagA thaa| . . ahasAna zrI sureza 'sarala' sarala kuDhI, gar3hAphATaka jabalapura (ma. pra.) 'bartana mala rahI ho?' . zeSa thIM, ataH saMdhyA se phira pUchane lagA-'ye loga bar3I kar3I aura parizramI hotI haiM, subaha baccA 'jI hAM, maharI ke peTa meM darda hai|' honA hai aura zAma taka bartana malatI rahatI haiM gharoM 'darda?' sudhIra ne-darda kA uccAraNa isa ghara / ' taraha kiyA thA, jaise vizva meM pahalI bAra vaha darda na hotA to vaha kala subaha taka mltii|' kisI maharI ke peTa meM darda kI bAta suna rahA hai| usake cehare ke bhAva se yaha spaSTa bhI ho rahA thA 'acchA ?' isa bAra sudhIra ke prazna meM banAki maharI jaise tabake kI zramika putriyoM ko ghara vaTI Azcarya dikhane lagA thaa| meM baiThakara darda nahIM manAnA cAhiye / phira bAta mAge bar3hAne kI garaja se bolA- 'peTa meM darda, bartanoM se nivRta hokara saMdhyA DrAiga rUma meM gaI, sudhIra usakI pratIkSA karatA huA, mUchoM kI kAlI camaka nihAra rahA thA darpaNa meM / saMdhyA ne - hA hA..... samaya pUrA pUrA ho gayA hai|' usake jUtoM ke baMdha kholate hue kahA-'na ho to sudhIra kA maMtavya saMdhyA samajha gaI thI ataH bIca - DilIvarI ke bAda maharA ke zizu ko koI sastI meM hI bola par3I-'zAyada kala-parasoM taka DilIvarI sI giphTa avazya dIjiye / ' honA caahie|' ... kyA de sakatA hUM', kucha socatA sA sudhIra 'acchA to Apa loga tArIkha ghaNTe minaTa kursI para baiTha gayA, phira, jaise kucha yAda ho pAyA saba kucha noTa kara rakhatI hai ?' sudhIra ne eka ho, ....... ThaMDa kAphI - par3ane lagI hai, socatA, zarArata uchAlI thii| .. hUM, dasa rupaye kI garama baniyAna kharIdakara de dI ... - isameM noTa karane kI kyA bAta hai| niyati jAve / / aura smRti ke bIca kI bAteM haiM ye / ' 'sAta ATha meM nahIM milatI ? . sudhIra ne isa TApika ko yahIM chor3a denA saMdhyA kA prazna pUrA nahIM ho pAyA thA ki pAhA, magara zAyada abhI kucha jijJAsAyeM aura mAMjI ne ghara meM praveza kiyA, saMdhyA kA prazna jaise kyA .......' 3-6 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 28

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dUra se hI sunatI pA rahI ho ataH donoM kI tarapha 'sudhIra bhAI namaskAra, kapar3e le rahe ho kyA saMketa kara pUchane lanI-'kyA nahIM milatI sAta yahAM se ?' pATha rupaye meM ?' 'namas ...........namaskAra bhaaii|' isa namamAM ke prazna, jisameM jijJAsA ke sAtha sAsa- skAra meM namaskAra kama zarma jyAdA thii| jaise dUdha sulabha bahU ko tAr3ane kI dhAraNA bhI sammilita bAdAma pIne vAlA kalArI, meM dekha liyA gayA ho| thI, para sudhIra bolA-'mAM maharI hai na, usake kucha jhepate hue sudhIra Age bolA-are nahIM hone vAle bacce ke lie banayAna kharIdane kI bAta yAra"" basa jarA yA hA cala rahI thii|" 'yoM hI kaise ? maiM to bhAbhI ko batalAUMgA ki 'kyA bana yAna kharIdane ke cakkara meM par3e ho ?' bhAIjAna phuTapAtha se kharIdakara lAye haiM banayAna / ' mAM ne masale ko jarUrata se jyAdA sAmAnya nirUpita karate hue batalAyA 'yadi cauka-parva para usakA -"abe bhAbhI ko nahIM le rahA' kahakara sudhIra bulAvA Aye to sIdhe nagada pAMca rupaye pahuMcA pApoMgrApa aTapaTA gyaa| usakA uccAraNa jAma denA / ' mAM kI vArtA meM ghulA dambha saMdhyA ke dambha sA ho gayA, use kSaNabhara ko lagA usakA stara se gAr3hA pratIta ho rahA thaa| taba taka maharI phuTapAthI hai / apane mitra se bahuta halakA hai / taba kI ATha varSIya baccI ne pAkara haMsate-haMsate btaayaa| . taka use kucha sahI. uttara yAda AyA / vANI meM "mAI ko lar3akI huI hai|" i nA kahakara vaha ThosatA aura gaMbhIratA lAkara kahane lagA--'yAra, ! cir3iyA kI taraha ur3a gaI / lar3akI paidA hone kI hamArA ra hamArI maharI ko baccI huI hai, maiM socatA hUM ki bAta sunakara tInoM ko duHkha hayA / phira mAne ekAdha dasa-padraha rupaye kI banayAna de dU~ use, hisAba lagAyA-praba usako pAMca laDakiyAM ho gaI tAki ThaMDa se nipaTa ske|' sudhIra pAMca-chaH ke sthAna bhagavAna kA bhI kaisA nyAya hai, lar3akA pahile hunA para dasa-pandraha rupaye kahakara apane Apako bar3A thA so chIna liyA, aba dene kA nAma nahIM lete, na dAnI aura svAbhimAnI vijJApita kara rahA thA garIbI meM gIlA ATA kara rahe haiM usakA ? . mitra ke sAmane / mitra ke cale jAne ke bAda sudhIra ne hAtha meM lI huI banayAna jahAM kI tahAM rakha dI lar3akI ke janma kI khabara se tInoM ko dayA aura khAlI hAtha ghara bhAga gayA / dukAna se haTane ho pAI maharI para / ataH dayA dikhAte hue mAM ke bAda use khuzI huI thI ki eka se adhika pari. bolI-ThIka hai sudhIra pAMca-chaH rupaye kI banayAna lA cita nahIM dekha pAye use, vahAM / usane mAM evaM patnI. denA, maiM pahuMcA dUgI usake ghara / ' sudhIra ne ko batalAyA ki phUTapAtha para bhI dasa rupaye se kama Azcarya prakaTa karate hue kahA-'mAM pAMca-chaH rupaye meM kI banayAna nahIM milatI / phira unheM, mitra ke kahAM milegI ?' mAM ne phira sahajatA se samAdhAna milane kI ghaTanA aura apanA robIlA uttara bataprastuta kiyA-'are pagale' Aja kala sar3akoM ke lAte hue apanI yogyatA para haMsatA rahA / haMsatekinAre kitanI dukAneM lagatI haiM koTa aura baniyAnoM haMsate hI usane kahA-- 'mAM mujhe phuTapAtha se kharIdane kI ?' mAM kA yaha prazna apane Apa meM vizeSa uttara meM zarma AtI hai, koI phira dekha legaa| na ho to kI paribhASA sArthaka kara rahA thA jisase mAM aura maharI ko kucha paise dekara bola denA ki vaha kharIda saMdhyA ko rAhata sI milI thii| lAye eka banayAna / ' mAM ko yaha prastAva acchA : jayantI smArikA 78 .. 3-7

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saamne| lgaa| use sudhIra kI khokhalI zAna para glAni acchA humA, garIbI meM lar3akiyAM kaise samhalatI nahIM pAI mana meM, balki vaha usakI sUjhabUjha para maharI se| khuda ke khAne-pahanane ko kucha nahIM hai, kAphI prasanna huii| pAMca-pAMca ko kyA detI rahatI ?' bAtoM kA krama abhI samApta nahIM huA thA, saMdhyA aura sudhIra sahaja hI mAM kA samarthana isa bIva maharI kI vahI baccI muMha laTakAye hae karane lage the| anubhaviyoM kA samarthana karane vAle pAI aura mauna tor3e bagaira khar3I ho gaI unake bhI anubhavI mAna liye jAte haiM na ? agale saptAha maharI kAma para pAI to tInoM 'kyA huA radhiyA ? bhUkha lagI hai kyA ?' / ne usakI baccI kI mRtyu para kheda prakaTa kiyaa| maharI cupacApa bartana malane lgii| mAM ne puuchaa'nhiiN|' 'kaisI thI rI vaha ?' maharI kucha na bolI, usake 'to phira muMha kyoM laTakA hai terA ?' uttara kI zAyada AvazyakatA bhI nahIM hai mAM ko, sudhIra ko yA saMdhyA ko| ataH mAM ne apanI hI bAta rAdhikA subaka-subaka kara rone lagI thii| phira prAMge bar3hAI-'hama logoM ne to usake cauka parva para bolI-'choTI baiyA mara gaI ?' dasa-bIsa rupaye kI baniyAna denI socI thI, para 'kauna ? jo abhI paidA huI thI?' kyA kareM, takadIra hI kharAba thii|' ___ mAM kI bhASA kisI vyAkaraNa siddha puruSa kI 'haaN|' taraha thii| yaha unakI dRzya-vINA kA ghamaMDavAlA 'kaise? tAra thA / "takadIra hI kharAba thI" kA tAtparya usa baccI kI takadIra se thA jo unakI dAna kI 'sardI laga gaI thI, radhiyA vAkya pUrA kara banayAna pahane bargara mara gaI thI aura dasa-bIsa rupaye prAMsU poMcha rahI thii| ke uccAraNa se ve usa mAtrA meM jahAM apane bhItara ___ tInoM ca ca ca karane lgii| tInoM bArI-bArI ___ kI dayA pragaTa kara denA cAha rahI thI vahIM apanA apanI sahayoga kI bhAvanA maharI se kaha dene ke . ahasAna bhI thopa denA cAhatI thiiN| mUDa meM jo the| ve cAhate the ki maharI para unakI maharI yaha saba kucha cupacApa sune jA rahI ehasAna-yojanA kA prArUpa, mUlya aura samaya jAhira thI? zAyada use yaha bhI jJAta nahIM thA ki vaha ho jAya / anubhavazIla-mAM pahile bolI-'calo duniyA ke ehasAna se dabate-dabate baca gaI hai| 3-8 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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bhagavAna mahAvIra prazna cinhoM ke ghere meM ? DA0 rAjendrakumAra baMsala, kArmika adhikArI, mesarsa pro0 pI0 milsa limiTeDa, zahaDola (ma0pra0) bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 2500 veM nirvANa samagrarUpa se mahAvIra kA darzana guNa paraka hai mahotsava kI syAhI abhI sUkha nahIM pAyI thI ki na ki vyakti paraka / jo, jaba aura jisa samaya unake siddhAntoM, AdarzoM evaM prANimAtra ke kalyANa se apane prAtma svarUpa ko pahicAna kara use paraka upadezoM para unake hI prArAdhakoM, aura prApta karane kA prayAsa karane lagatA hai vahI unakA pArAdhaka hI nahIM kintu 'vidyamAnaviparameSThiyoM' anuyAyI kahA jAtA hai / yahI vastusthiti evaM dvArA aneka prazna cinha lagA diye gaye haiN| samyak paramparA calI AyI hai jAti, liMga, kula yaha ghaTanA abhUtapUrva evaM vismayakArI avazya hai evaM rASTrIyatA Adi koI tatva isameM bAdhaka nahIM jisakI misAla zramaNa saMskRti evaM jaina itihAsa yahAM taka ki gati bhI isameM bAdhaka nahIM hotI, meM milanA asaMbhava hI hai| ___ anyathA saMjJI pazu jaise jainatva svIkAra paate| mahAvIra advitIya krAMtikArI evaM mahAna prakArAntara se vItarAgI, vItadvaSI evaM AdhyAtmika zramaNa the / ve karuNA, samatA, vItamohI mahAvIra kI AtmA kI ora jo samarpita samAnatA , samanvaya azoSakavRtti evaM aNu aNu hotA hai, aura usI anurUpa banane kA prayAsa kI svataMtratA ke mahAna prakAza staMbha the| ina AdarzoM karane lagatA hai, vahI unake zAsana ke antargata evaM jJAna-pAnanda svabhAva ko prApta karane ke liye prAyA mAnA jAtA hai / jo apane nirapekSa sattA unhoMne mAnava samAja kA dhyAna AtmaniSThA kI arthAt Atma guNoM ko mAnya karatA hai, vahI prora kendrita kiyA / yadi vyakti prAtmaniSTha mahAvIra kA saccA bhakta hai / yaha prANI ke (na ki svArthI) hokara apane prAtmasvabhAva ko viveka para nirbhara karatA hai ki vaha apanI nija mAta karate deta anAdikAlIna kamajoriyoM para malA ko svIkAre aura mahAvIra ke zAsana kA prAtma se uttarottara dRSTi uThAtA gayA, to vaha ina vaibhava pAve / guNoM ko sahaja prApta kara legA aura Atma vikAsa ke carama bindu para pahuca kara svayaM paramAtmAsvarUpa kucha vyaktiyoM ne apanI saMkIrNatA evaM bana jAyegA / yaha thA mahAvIra kA saMdeza evaM svArthaparatAvaza dUsaroM ko mahAvIra ke anuyAyI zikSA jisameM vyakti dUsaroM kI apekSA svayaM hone yA nahIM hone kA pramANa-patra denA zurU kara ko jIta kara prAtma vijetA mahAvIra bana diyA hai / unheM apanI svayaM kI sthiti kA to jAtA hai| koI dhyAna nahIM ki ve kyA haiM ? aura kisa bhAva mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 3-9

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bhUmi para khar3e haiM kiMtu unhoMne dUsaroM ke jainatva nirvAha kara apane ko viSNakumAra kI zreNI meM kAnirarNaya karanA zurU kara diyA hai / svayaM to mAna rahe haiM / vatI veSa kI ghoSaNA kara asadAcArI evaM anaitika jIvana yApana kara raheM haiM kintu vrata vihIna sadA- eka mahAzramaraNa yazodhara the, jinhoMne zreNika cAriyoM para chITA kasI karane para tule haiM / dvArA DAle gaye mRta sarpa kI pratIva vedanA ke bAda isa prakAra prANI mAtra ke prAtma kalyANa kI pariSaha samApti para karuNA bhAva se 'dharma vaddhi' ghoSaNA karane vAle mahAvIra ke vaMzAnavaMzI kadhita maMgala saMdeza diyA thaa| dUsarI ora vartamAna ke anuyAyI saMkIrNatA, kSudratA, vigraha, moha, lobha, katipaya sAdhu saMgha haiM jo viddhamAna' tIna parameSThiyoM asamAnatA, ekAntavAda parataMtratA evaM zoSakavRti kA pratinidhitva karate haiM, inhone adhyAtma dhArA ke pratIka bana kara apanI ina virAdhaka pravRttiyoM meM pravAhita mahAvIra ke AdarzoM ko paThana, manana, para mahAvIra kA lebila cipakA rahe haiM aura evaM cintana meM nimagna jaina-janettara ke vizAla unmAdI gaja ke samAna vyavahAra kara rahe haiN| samUha ko binA pratyakSa meM jAne pahicAne 'bahiSkAra' kitanA acambhA hai / 'jala meM lAgI prAga' kI jaise kaluSita pAdeza bAraNa se marmAhata kiyA hai| kahAvata caritArtha ho rahI hai| svayaM to digaMbara-zvetAMbara, sthAnakavAsI, mahAvIra ne apane sanvayAtmaka dRSTi se / ra terahapaMthI bIsaMpaMthI ke bheda tathA padmAvatI, kSetrapAla vividha darzanoM meM khoye yAtma svarUpa ko usakI Adi kI mAnyatA jaisI sthUla kSudratAoM evaM kumAnyatAoM se Upara nahIM uTha sake kintu jinhoMne samagratA sahita prApta evaM vyakta kiyA thA / apanA paramparAgata petrika dharma evaM vizvAsa cho! vizva vyavasthA kA samyak svarUpa spaSTa kiyA aura AtmA kI svataMtra sattA evaM svazakti kI kara mahAvIra ke zAsana ko apanAyA aura vikalpAtaura AtmA ko jAnane pahicAnane meM rasa, sArvabhaumikatA ko prakaTa kara svayaM sArvabhauma prAtmasvarUpa meM nimagna ho gaye / kiMtu aba ko ajainatva kA pramANa-patra dene lane / AtmasvarUpa kI carcA sunate hI jinake nAka bhauha sikur3ane mahAvIra ke kathita anuyAyiyoM dvArA unake sarvakAlika evaM sarva sadupayogI krAMtikArI lagate haiM ve adhyAtma kI tatva carcA meM vyasta jana prAdarzoM ko dhUmila karane kA SaDyaMtra kiyA jA samUha ke jainatva para saMdeha karane lge| mithyAtva evaM ba raha kaSAyoM ke abhAva ke pada kA abhimAna karane vAle kathita AtmasAdhaka tIvradveSa kI agni vikalpoM ke dvada evaM lokeSaNA ke jAla meM meM jhulasa rahe haiM / sthUla kSudatA, AtmA ke prati phaMsA gRhastha yaha saba kucha karatA taba bhI ThIka virakti evaM tIvra kaSAmoM kI yaha namUnA hI kyA thaa| kiMtu sthiti to yaha ki kathita vikalpatIta ina triparameSThiyoM ke tyAga tapasyA kA pratiphala prAtmasvarUpa ko prApta karane meM nimagna sAdhUgaraNa hai ? kyA yahI unakI samagra ajita pUjI hai ? bhI isa dvaMda meM yauddhA bana kara kUda gaye haiM / unhoMne aura kyA yahI saccA namUnA mahAvIra kI vItarAgI bhI jaina, ajaina, nizcaya-vyavahAra evaM pUjyatva zramaNa saMskRti kA hai ? kyA yahI zramaNa evaM apUjyatva ke vikalpoM kI raNa nIti banAkara vAka zrAvaka paramparA rahI hai / yaha itihAsa mauna hai kalama bAraNa chor3anA zuru kara diyA hai aura sAdhu kintu vidvAna zramaNa aise navIna itihAsa kA dheSa meM hI mahAmuni viSNakumAra ko chana bhUmikA zeSa pRSTha = 16 para 3-10 mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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: rAjasthAna jaina sabhA dvArA san 1977 meM zrAyojita ucca mAdhyamika vidyAlaya kakSA taka ke vidyArthiyoM kI nibaMdha pratiyogitA meM prathama va dvitIya sthAna prApta nibaMdhoM ko yahAM prakAzita kiyA jA rahA hai / pAThaka inheM paDhate samaya yaha dhyAna meM rakheM ki inako yathAvata mudrita kiyA gayA hai / pradhAna saMpAdaka vizva kA pratyeka prANI zAnti prara sukha cAhatA haiM, isake lie vaha manana ciMtana bhI karatA haiM / vizva meM samaya - 2 para aneka mahApuruSa hue haiM jinhoMne apane manana citana dvArA apanI 2 vicAra dhArAe~ vizva ke sammukha rakhI haiM, jinheM vyaktiyoM ne apanI 2 vicAra dhArAoM para mAnI haiM / hamAre deza bhAratavarSa meM bhI samaya-2 para aneka mahApuruSoM ne janma lekara alaga-2 vicAra dhArAeM rakhI haiM / bhagavAna mahAvIra ne Aja se 2575 varSa pUrva isa vasundharA para janma lekara apane manana, ciMtana evaM tapobala dvArA 'kevalya jJAna' kI prApti kI, aura prANiyoM ko jinakA uddezya 'zAnti evaM sukha prApta karanA' ko apanI vicAradhArA divya dhvani dvArA dI / bhagavAna mahAvIra ne vizva ko AdhyAtmika zakti kA vaha amogha maMtra sikhalAyA jisake dvArA mahAtmA gAMdhI ne sazastra briTiza senA ko binA kisI krAMti ke bhArata chor3ane ko majabUra kara diyA / bhagavAna mahAvIra ke siddhAnta dhArmika kSetra meM hI nahIM apitu vyavahArika kSetra meM bhI atyadhika upayogI hue haiN| unhoMne batAyA ki vANI meM mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 zrI jinedrakumAra seThI zrI. ma. di. jaina ucca mA. vidyAlaya syAdavAda jIvana meM aparigRha vyavahAra meM ahiMsA tathA vicAroM meM anekAnta kA prayoga karanA cAhie / zrahiMsAH hiMsA ke dvArA vizva ke sammukha rakhI sabase baDI samasyA kA hala ho sakatA hai| mahAvIra ne ahiMsA kA anya mahApuruSoM se alaga rUpa diyA hai / unhoMne hiMsA ke bAre meM batAyA ki kisI ke meM mana meM khoTe bhAva kI utpatti hI hiMsA hai / udAharaNa ke taura para eka badhIra ( machaliyoM ko pakar3ane vAlA ) dina bhara jAla ko pAnI meM pheMkakara bhI machalI nahIM pakar3a pAtA to bhI vaha hiMsaka kahalAyegA kyoMki usake mana meM machalI pakaDane kI icchA rahatI hai jabaki eka DAkTara ke dvArA aprezana karate hue eka marIja mara bhI jAye vaha hiMsaka kahalAyegA kyoMki usake mana meM marIja ke prati koI dveSa kA bhAva nahIM hotA hai / hiMsA kA artha bhaya se nahIM liyA jA sakatA hai / bhaya manuSya ko mana ko hI nahIM zrapitu zarIra se bhI kamajora banA detA hai / zrahiMsaka to abhaya hotA hai / aura abhayadAna 3-11

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kA amRta vitarita karatA hai / grahiMsA meM pUrNa vizvAsa hI Atma-vizvAsa kA carama bindu hai / hiMsaka prabhaiya hotA hai, usase zrAtma-vizvAsa hotA hai aura vaha mAnasika rUpa se sukhI hotA hai / (2) arigraha - aparigraha kI paribhASA yadi dhyAna, manana va citana ke dvArA soceM to hama isI niSkarSa para pahuMcate hai ki mAnanIya dainika AvazyakatAoM ke atirikta jo bhI dhana zeSa bacatA hai use jana kalyANa ke liye kharca karanA hI aparigraha kahalAtA hai, aparigraha kI pRSThabhUmi yahI hai / mAnava mana meM dhana saMcaya ke bhAva bhI utpanna na hone cAhiye / vyakti dhana saMcaya ko sukha kI dizA se letA hai lekina sukha va duHkha to mana ke prAMtarika anubhava ke viSaya haiM yadi dhana hI saba kucha hotA aura isI se sukha milatA to Aja vizva meM aneka dhannA seTha duHkhI na hote va aneka garIba sukhIM na hote / udAharaNatayA tIna vyakti 'pra, 'ba' evaM 'sa' samAna umra ke haiM inameM se pra-grAphisara, baklarka evaM sa - caparAsI (naukara ) hai / jaba 'ba' (klarka) 'a' (grAphisara ) ko dekhatA hai to apane ko duHkhI anubhava karatA hai parantu (caparAsI) ko dekhatA hai to sukhI anubhava karatA hai / jaba 'sa' isa prakAra dhana kA sukha va dukha se koI sambandha nahIM hai hai / yaha jarUra hai ki dhana se kucha samaya ke lie bAhya bhotika sukha mila sakate haiM / (3) anekAnta - pratyeka vastu meM alaga- 2 taraha ke guNa hote haiM una guNoM ko alaga - 2 dRSTI se dekhakara usake guNoM ko adhyayana hI anekAMnta mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 kahalAtA hai / anekAnta zabda bAhubrIhI samAsa kA hai jisakA artha aneka anekAnta kisI vastu ke bAre meM eka saMkucita dAyare se nikala kara eka aneka vicAroM ke dRSTikoNa meM parivartita karatA hai evaM vastu sthitimUlaka ke matoM kA samanvaya karatA hai / (4) syAdvavAda ---meM dusaro ke vicAroM ko sunakara apane vicAra se usake samanvaya karane kI kSamatA syAdvavAda kahalAtI haiM / arthAta jo maiM kaha rahA hUM sahI nahIM hai pitu jo dUsarA kaha rahA hai vaha bhI sahI ho sakatA hai / yaha eka vaijJAnika dRSTikoNa hai / eka vaijJAnika ke liye Avazyaka hai ki vaha sabhI ke vicAra suna apanI parikalpanA banAye / (5) tatva - jJAna - mahAvIra bhagavAna ne prAja se 2500 varSa pUrva hI batA diyA thA ki nA to kisI tatva kI utpatti kI jA sakatI hai nA hI kisI tatva ko naSTa kiyA jA sakatA yadyapi vaha tatva bhinna - 2 rUpoM meM raha sakatA hai / yaha siddhAnta vijJAna kI kasauTI se sahI utaratA haiM / unhoMne ise 2000 varSa pUrva hI batA diyA thA jaba ki vijJAna ke samucita sAdhanoM dvArA bhI isako 100 varSa pUrva hI jJAta kara sake isI prakAra jala chAna kara pInA cAhiye kyoMki usameM sukSma - 2 jIvANu hote haiM / isI prakAra per3a paudhoM ko nahIM satAnA cAhiye unheM kATanA nahIM cAhie / yaha unhoMne 2500 pUrva batA dI thI jabaki vijJAna use abhI khoja kara pAyA / mahAvIra svAmI ke siddhAnta vaijJAnika kasauTI para pUrNa rupeNa sahI utarate haiM / ( 6 ) karma siddhAnta - bhagavAna mahAvIra ne batAyA ki vyakti acche va bure kAryoM ke prati svayaM jimmedAra hotA haiM / karmoM kA nirmANa karane vAlI koI anya pralokika zakti nahIM hotI 1-12

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bhagavAna mahAvIra ko dena Aja vizva meM cAroM ora prazati saMgharSa, vaimanasya kA vAtAvaraNa hai / aise meM yaha prazna vicAraNIya hai ki kisa prakAra vizva meM zAti sthApita kI jAye / isa sandarbha meM jaba hama bhagavAna mahAvIra ke siddhAntoM kI ora dRSTipAta karate haiM to pAte haiM ki yadi ina siddhAntoM ko zrAja bhI manuSya dvArA apanAyA jAye to usake jIvana meM zAMti zrA sakatI hai tathA vaha vizva meM zAMti sthApita karane kI ora agrasara ho sakatA hai / bhagavAna mahAvIra kA janma caitra zuklA trayodazI ke dina kuNDagrAma meM huA thA / inake pitA kA nAma siddhArtha tathA mAtA kA nAma trizalA thA / mahAvIra bacapana se hI cintana zIla the / ve sanyAsa grahaNa karanA cAhate the / kintu ve mAtA-pitA kI mRtyu ke pahale sanyAsa lekara unako nArAja nahIM karanA cAhate the / isaliye 30 varSa kI umra meM mAtA-pitA kI mRtyu ke bAda unhoMne grahastha jIvana chor3a diyA tathA sanyAsa grahaNa kara liyA / unhoMne 12 varSa taka kaThora tapasyA kI / 42 varSa kI umra meM unheM jJAna prApta ho gayA / isake bAda unhoMne 30 varSa taka logoM kI sevA kI kyoMki aba unako pUrNa jJAna prApta ho gayA thA / mahAvIra ke siddhAnta bahuta hI divya ujjavala tathA punyIta haiM / ve kisI vizeSa sampradAya ke nahI apitu prANI mAtra ke liye haiM / ye sinddhAta mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78 . zrI saMjaya joriyA khaMDelavAla vaizya kendrIya ucca mAdhyamika vidyAya jayapura Aja bhI utane harINA dAyaka haiM jitane kI bhUtakAla meM the aura yugoM yugoM taka rheNge| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne apane siddhAntoM meM manuSya ko saccAI ImAnadArI evaM ahiMsA se jIvana bitAne ko kahA hai / unake siddhAntoM ke sAra nimna haiM: 1. apane mana, vacana evaM kArya se kisI bhI prANI ko pIr3A na pahuMcAo / 2. apanI AvazyakatA se jyAdA saMcaya na karo / 3. apane kula evaM jAti para abhimAna na karo / 4. sabhI dharmoM ko samAna dRSTi se dekho / 5. tyAga pUrvaka parimita vastunoM meM jIvana vyatIta karo | 6. acchA svAsthya evaM pavitra mana rakho / 7. krodha, abhimAna mAyA va lobha ko kAbU meM rakho / 8. parigraha hAnikAraka haiN| isase mana, vacana tathA karma qharAba ho jAtA hai / uparokta siddhAntoM ko apanAkara manuSya jIvana meM sukhI, zAnta tathA saccaritra ho sakatA hai tathA sAtha hI vizvazAMti kI ora bhI agrasara ho sakatA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne manuSya ko jIvana meM zArIrika hiMsA ko rokane ke upAya, samAnatA ke bhAva, dhArmika sahiSNutA evaM sahaastitva kI bhAvanA Adi batAye haiM / vaicArika hisA ko rokane ke liye unhoMne anekAMta kA 3-13

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mahAna siddhAnta vizva ke samakSa rkhaa| isa prakAra vizva zAMti ke liye unhoMne samatA bhAva dhArmika sahiSNutA evaM saha astitva Adi prAdarza hamAre sAmane rakhe / unhoMne ne kahA ki pratyeka vyakti apanI bhUloM ke kAraNa dukhI hai aura vaha unameM sudhAra karake sukhI ho sakatA hai / mahAvIrajI ne batAyA ki zAMti kI pratiSThA ke liye saMgharSa kA mArga nahIM balki zAMti kA mArga apanAnA cAhiye / saMkSepa meM sabhI jIvoM ko apanI zakti evaM sAmarthya ke anusAra mahAvIra ke siddhAntoM ko apanAnA cAhiye tabhI vizva meM zAMti sthApita ho sakegI / jaina dharma ke caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara mahAvIra bhI paramAtmA kI bhAMti pUjya hue haiM kyoMki unhoMne AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa kA anAvaraNa kiyA tathA ruDhivAda meM jakaDI janatA ko tarka pUrNa bhakti kA sahI mArga dikhAyA / mahAvIra ne vizva meM zAMti sthApita karane ke prayatna ke sAtha 2 logoM ko ImAnadArI, saccAI, ahiMsA tathA bahmacarya kA mahatva bhI smjhaayaa| mahAvIrajI ne jIvana bhara logoM kI sevA kI / : unhoMne apane upadezoM meM logoM ko hamezA, satya, ahiMsA, ImAnadArI va bahmacarya Adi kA mahatva samajhAyA / unake upadeza nimna haiM 1. satya 2. ahiMsA 3. ImAnadArI brahmacarya tathA 5 aparigraha arthAta kisI bhI prakAra kI dhana, daulata evaM jAyadAda kI icchA na karanA / 4. jo vyakti pUrNa satya, pUrNa ahiMsA, pUrNa ImAnadArI, pUrNa brahmacarya tathA pUrNa aparigraha kA vrata svIkAra karate haiM vahI sacce sAdhu haiM / ve kisI bhI vasta kA apanI nahIM kahate haiM / mahAvIrajI ne kahA hai ki ye pAMca siddhAnta hI manuSya ke sahI jIvana ke AdhAra haiM / jIvana 3-14 meM ina guNoM ko apanAnA cAhiye / mahAvIrajI ke ina upadezoM kA sabhI jagaha svAgata huA / kucha rAjAoM ne ina siddhAntoM ko svIkAra kiyA tathA unakA pracAra bhI karavAyA / mahAvIra ne indrIya sukha ko kharAba btaayaa| unhoMne kahA ki isase manuSya meM Alasa A jAtA hai tathA manuSya jIvana ke galata mArga para cala par3atA hai / mahAvIra logoM kI sevA karate karate anta meM 72 varSa kI umra meM pAvApurI nAmaka sthAna para nirvANa ko prApta hue / unakI mRtyu ke bAda unake AdarzoM siddhAntoM tathA upadezoM ke AdhAra para jaina dharma banA | jaina dharma hI eka aisA dharma haiM jisameM ahiMsA para sabase adhika jora diyA gayA / anya dharmoM meM ahiMsA para itanA jora nahIM diyA gayA hai tathA nahI isameM rUci dikhAi / jaina dharma kI eka zraura vizeSatA aparimita kaSTa sahanA haiM jaina dharmAdiyoM kA kahanA hai ki jaina dharma bahuta purAnA dharma hai / yaha dharma sabhI dharmoM se alaga hai / yaha dharma yugoM yugoM taka rahegA / isa dharma kA Aja bhI utanA hI mahatva hai jitanA ki bhUtakAla meM thA aura yugoM-yugoM taka rahegA / jaina dharma sabhI dharmoM ko samAna dRSTi se dekhatA hai / isa dharma ke siddhAntoM ke apanAkara manuSya kA jIvana sukhI va samAna ho sakatA hai / Aja sabhI dharmoM meM jana dharma kA mahatva haiN| mahAvIrajI ne kahA hai ki manuSya ko kabhI bhI krodha, abhimAna lAlaca tathA Alasa nahIM karanA cAhiye / aisA karane se manuSya kA sampUrNa jIvana kharAba ho jAtA hai aura manuSya galata kArya karane lagatA hai / eka vaijJAnika ne kahA hai ki saMgharSa prakRti kA niyama hai / isI bAta para mahAvIra ne kahA hai ki pratyeka kArya meM saMgharSa tathA kaThinAiyAM AtI haiM lekina manuSya ko isase ghabarAnA nahIM cAhiye / balki usako dhairya pUrvaka ina kaThinAiyoM kA sAmanA karanA cAhiye / mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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sabase pahale hameM durAgraha chor3anA cAhie prAtaHkAla arcanA - vandanA karane vAle jainoM ko yaha mAnanA cAhie ki bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samasta bhakta eka haiM aura unakI mAnyatA sarvatra samAna haiM / bheda-bhAva karane vAle ve dharma netA haiN| jo dhArmika vyApakatA se anabhijJa haiM / kSaNabhaMgurapratiSThA ke moha ko chor3akara ina dharma-pradhAnoM ko janatA ke hita kI nirantara cintA karanI cAhie / jIva mAtra ke hitaiSI bhagavAn mahAvIra kA diyA huA pranekAnta-vAda sacamuca hameM baradAna ke rUpa meM milA hai / saiddhAntika rUpa se jisa ne isake mahatva ko samajha liyA hai vaha kabhI bhI jainoM ke vibhinna sampradAyoM ko satya mAna hI nahIM sakatA / hameM Aja isa satya ko apanAne kI vizeSa rUpa se AvazyakatA hai ki manuSya mAtra zrahiMsaka 3-15 hai, vaha sarvaprathama iMsAna hai aura isake uparAnta vaha aura kucha ho sakatA hai / saba jaina bhagavAn mahAvIra ke upAsaka haiM, pro0 zrI vandra jaina unake siddhAntoM ke mAnane vAle haiM evaM unakI niSpakSa mAnyatAoM ke avicala vizvAsI haiM / matabheda kA kevala eka kAraNa hai, aura vaha durAgraha ke prati mUr3ha vyAmoha | yaha hamAre lie vipatti kA saMketa hai vinAza kA zaMkhanAda hai, mAnavatA ke vidhvaMsa kA ketu hai / saba prakAra ke durAgrahoM ko bhulAkara yadi hama saba eka na hue to yaha nizcita hai ki hamArI paristhiti girate ho jAvegI, usa samaya hameM apane astitva kA girate eka dina vinAza ke mahAsAgara meM vilIna bhI bodha na raha sakegA / abhI bhI samaya hai ki hama prAMkha khole apane dila ko TaToleM aura Atma vizvAsI banakara iMsAniyata ko apanAve | mahAvIra jayantI smArikA 78

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( pRSTha 10 kA zeSa ) nirmANa kara rahe haiM, jo zramaNa ko kalaMkita kiye binA na rahegA / isa prakAra samagra rUpa se zrAtma trirAdhaka varga ne mahAvIra evaM unake AdarzoM ko prapanI lokeSaNA kI kuTila cAloM meM kaida kara diyA hai / maura vaha bhI mahAvIra kI zramaNa saMskRti kI rakSA ke nAma para | bAr3ha hI kheta ko khAne lagI hai / prazna yaha hai ki jagata ke kalyANa kA Adarza prastuta karane vAle mahAvIra kyA itane nirbala haiM ki ve isa kRtrima kaida ke baMdhana nahIM kATa sakate ? karma jaMjAla kI anaMta ber3iyAM kATane vAle mahAvIra kyA kucha vyaktiyoM, saMsthAnoM evaM bAhyAcAra meM nimagna sAdhutroM kI beDiyAM nahIM kATa sakate ? yaha prazna mahAvIra ke sacce anuyAyI kA hI nahIM kintu itihAsa ke mAdhyama se mAnava jAti ko kureda rahA hai aura isa kAraNa mahAvIra ke darzana para aneka prazna cinha ubhara gaye haiM / ( pRSTha vyakti jaise karatA vaisA hI pAtA hai / acche va bure karma koI baMdhe huye nahIM hote unakA nirmAtA to vaha svayaM hotA hai / (7) UMca-nIca - bhagavAna mahAvIra ne batAyA ki saba prANiyoM kI AtmAyeM samAna haiM varNa, liMga, dharma, samAja karma Adi kisI bhI taraha se vyakti samAna haiM, kyoMki unakI AtmAyeM samAna hai isaliye bheda-bhAva na karanA cAhiye / unhoMne to yahA taka kahA ki cITI se lekara hAthI taka zrAtmA kI dRSTi se samAna hai / mahAtmA gA~dhI ne bhagavAna mahAvIra ke siddhAntoM ke AdhAra para chuAchUta ko baMda kiyA / bhagavAna mahAvIra kI dena anya mahApuruSoM se alaga rahI / unhoMne vizva ko zrAdhyAtmika prAkti kA anupama pATha paDhAyA / unake upadeza kyA aneka prazna cinha ke ghere meM evaM ber3iyoM meM kaida mahAvIra ko punaH prasthApita karane unheM avatAra lekara krAMti karanI hogI, jisameM jaina darzana vizvAsa nahIM karatA ? yadi aisA saMbhava hai to zrama ke caurAhe evaM grAtma virAdhaka kaSAya poSaka samudAya se mahAvIra ke zAsana kI rakSA evaM vistAra kaise ho ? prazna gaMbhIra evaM nirNAyaka hai / mahAvIra ke grAtma samarpita adhyAtmavAdI varga ko saMpUrNa saccAI sahita prayAsa karanA hogA / aura svayaM ke bhUmikAnurUpa manovegoM kI bhI tilAMjalI dekara eka nayA Adarza prastuta karanA hogA jisase sAmAnya naitikatA evaM sadAcAra bAhyAcAra meM rata samAja naitikatA yukta sadAcAra evaM bhAvanayukta bAhyAcAra ke sUkSma antara ko sthUla kSetroM se dekha sake aura mahAvIra kI kRtrima ber3iyAM kATa sake / 12 kA zeSa ) tArkika va vijJAna donoM hI dRSTi se khare utarate haiM / unhoMne pratyeka viSaya ko atyAdhika gaharAI se socA / jo camatkAra vaijJAnika Aja kara rahe unhoMne use 2500 varSa pUrva hI kara diye the / unhoMne andhavizvAsa, ruDhivAdiyoM, havanoM, bheda-bhAva Adi kA virodha kiyaa| yadi grAja samAja unake pada cinhoM para cale to unake pratyeka siddhAnta se zrahiMsA se mAnasika sukha va zAMti syAdvabAda se-vaijJAnika dRSTi ko anekAnta samanvayaparakatA aparigraha se samAjavAda prApta kara sakatA hai / upayukta vivecanAoM ke pazcAta yaha nirvirodha satya haiM ki Aja bhautikavAda va ANavika yuga meM unake siddhAntoM ko pAlana kare to hama vartamAna ciMtAnoM se mukta ho kara mAnasika va sukha zAMti prApta kara sakeMge aura samAja va deza kA kalyANa kara sakeMge /

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