________________ Pancastikaya-samgraha General (samanya) and specific (visesa) qualities (guna) All objects have two kinds of qualities (guna)-the general (samanya), and the specific (visesa). The general qualities express the genus (jati) or the general attributes, and the specific qualities describe the constantly changing conditions or modes. Consciousness (cetana) is a specific (visesa) attribute of the soul when viewed in reference to the non-souls but a general (samanya) attribute when viewed in reference to other souls. In a hundred pitchers, the general quality is their jar-ness, and the specific quality is their individual size, shape or mark. Thousands of trees in a forest have tree-ness (urksatva) as the general (samanya) attribute but each tree has specific (visesa) attributes, distinguishing these as neem tree, oak tree or palm tree. Acarya Samantabhadra's Svayambhustotra: यथैकशः कारकमर्थसिद्धये समीक्ष्य शेषं स्वसहायकारकम् / eta HiarifagianCT P Turusichmua: 11 (83-2-8?) Just as the two mutually supportive causes, the substantial cause (upadana karana) and the instrumental cause (nimitta karana), result in the accomplishment of the desired objective, in the same way, your doctrine that postulates two kinds of attributes in a substance, general (samanya) and specific (visesa), and ascertains its particular characteristic (naya) depending on what is kept as the primary consideration for the moment while keeping the other attributes in the background, not negating their existence in any way, accomplishes the desired objective. When the expression makes the general (samanya) aspect as its subject, the specific (visesa) aspect becomes secondary and when the expression makes the specific aspect as its subject, the general aspect becomes secondary; this is achieved by using the word 'syad'in expression. Acarya Mailladhavala's Nayacakko: अत्थित्तं वत्थुत्तं दव्वत्त पमेयत्त अगुरुलहुगत्तं / CHE EIGTUIGT 47144 Fate II (82) These ten qualities: existence (astitva), activity or arthakriya (vastutua), power of changing modes (dravyatva), power of being XXXVI
