Book Title: Hastprat Vidya ane Agam Sahitya Author(s): Niranjana Vora Publisher: Gujarat Vidyapith Ahmedabad Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/005251/1 JAIN EDUCATION INTERNATIONAL FOR PRIVATE AND PERSONAL USE ONLYPage #1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana saMpAdikA niraMjanA vorA gUjarAta vidyApITha amadAvAda-380014 Page #2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ AMtararASTrIya jainavidyA adhyayana kendra prakAzana zreNI pu 5 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana munizrI puNyavijayajI janmazatAbdI nimite yojAyelA parisaMvAdamAM rajU thayelA saMzodhana-lekho saMpAdikA niraMjanA vorA RAN AMtararASTrIya jaina vidyA adhyayana kendra gUjarAta vidyApITha, amadAvAda - 380014 Page #3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prakAzaka pIyUSa ramaNalAla zAha kA. kulasaciva gUjarAta vidyApITha, amadAvAda-380 014 kiMmata : 125-00 rUpiyA (c) gUjarAta vidyApITha ISBN : 81-86445-04-8 pahelI AvRtti, prata : 550, mArca, 2001 mudraka jitendra ThAkorabhAI desAI navajIvana mudraNAlaya, amadAvAda-380 014 Page #4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prakAzakanuM nivedana I.sa. 1920mAM mahAtmA gAMdhI dvArA rASTrIya zikSaNa saMsthAnA rUpamAM gUjarAta vidyApIThanI sthApanAnI sAthe ja vidyApIThanA purAtattvamaMdiramAM bhAratIya saMskRtinA gahana adhyayananA uddezathI prAkRta-pAli vagere prAcIna bhASAo tathA jaina-bauddhadarzanonA kSetramAM zikSaNa, saMzodhana, anuvAda vagerenI pravRttiono savizeSa AraMbha thayo, jenA vikAsamAM muni jinavijayajI, paMDita sukhalAlajI, AcArya dharmAnaMda kosaMbI vagere jaina-bauddha-vidyAnA prakhara vidvAnoe potAnuM amUlya yogadAna ApyuM. I.sa. 1993nA eprilamAM gUjarAta vidyApIThamAM AMtararASTrIya jainavidyA adhyayanakendranI sthApanA thayA pachI jainadarzananA kSetramAM adhyayana-adhyApananA kAryano paNa AraMbha thayo che. AMtararASTrIya jainavidyA adhyayanakendra ane jainolaoNjInA saMyukta upakrame 31 julAI, 1997nA roja AgamaprabhAkara muni zrI puNyavijayajInI janmazatAbdI nimitte rASTrIya parisaMvAdanuM Ayojana karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. ahiMsAlakSI jIvanasAdhanA ane satyalakSI jJAnopAsanA muni zrI puNyavijayajInuM jIvanalakSya hatuM. dharmamaya jIvana jIvavAnI sAthe jJAnabhaMDAronA udhdhAraka, hastapratonA saMrakSaka ane Agamavid tarIke temaNe karelI chutopAsanAnuM anekagaNuM mahattva che. zrI puNyavijayajI saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza ane jUnI gujarAtI bhASAnA chaMda ane vyAkaraNanA prakhara vidvAna hatA. jaina zAstro ane AgamonA adhikRta jJAtA hovAnI sAthe mahAna purAtattvavid hatA. itihAsa, bhAratIya saMskRti, lipizAstra, prAcIna citrakalA, sikkAo, mUrtizAstra vagere vizenuM temanuM jJAna vyApaka ane talasparzI hatuM. saMzodhaka tarIke sAMpradAyika ane vyaktigata matamatAntaro ane pUrvagrahothI mukta evI aitihAsika ane tulanAtmaka dRSTi paNa temaNe vikasAvI hatI. temanI puNyasmRtimAM Ayojita parisaMvAdamAM rajU thayelA saMzodhanalekho A kSetranA abhyAsIone upayogI banI rahe te mATe graMtharUpe pragaTa karavAnuM vicAryuM hatuM. citra, zilpa, sthApatya ane tenA avazeSo tathA jUnI prAcIna hastapratone ApaNI saMskRtinA purAvAo mATenI mahattvanI sAmagrI gaNAvI zakAya. 3 Page #5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastapratavighAno ApaNe tyAM yogya vikAsa thayo nathI. eka viSaya tarIkeno prAthamika paricaya ke emAMnI lipino paricaya maLI rahe e mATe bahu alpa pramANamAM sAmagrI maLe che. ane Agama sAhityanuM to enuM AgavuM mahattva che ja. te paristhitimAM DaoN. niraMjanA vorAe 'hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya vizenA abhyAsapUrNa lekhonuM kareluM A saMpAdana saMzodhakone mATe mArgadarzaka banI raheze tevI zraddhA che. Page #6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ Amukha Agama prabhAkara munirAja zrI puNyavijayajInI janmazatAbdI nimitte AMtararASTrIya jaina vidyA adhyayana kendra, gUjarAta vidyApITha ane insTiTyUTa opha jainolaoNjInA saMyukata upakrame eka parisaMvAdanuM Ayojana karavAmAM AvyuM. insTiTyUTa oNpha jainolaoNjI AMtararASTrIya kSetre jainadarzananA prasAranuM kArya kare che ane A parisaMvAdanuM anusaMdhAna hoya e rIte atyAre A saMsthA dvArA jarmanI ane iMglenDamAM rahelI jaina hastapratonI sUci taiyAra thaI rahI che. hastaprata saMpAdananI muni zrI puNyavijayajInI keTalIka vizeSatAo tatpaNa smaraNamAM Ave che. teo zAstrIya viSayonA abhyAsI hatA ja, paraMtu graMthamAM AvatA Itara sAhityathI pAga eTalA ja paricita hatA. je bAbata teone spaSTa samajAtI nahIM, te aMge khUba parizrama karIne teno ukela meLavyA pachI ja saMpAdanakArya AgaLa dhapAvatA. Ama satyanI ekAda hIrAkaNI mATe rAtadivasa mathAmaNa karatA jovA maLatA hatA. prAcIna, jIrNazIrNa hastaprata emanA hAthamAM AvatAM enI ApavItI bolavA mAMDatI. coMTIne roTalA jevI thaI gayelI hastaprata, TukaDeTukaDA thaI gayelI tADapatrIo ke ekabIjAmAM seLabheLa thaI gayelAM hastapratanAM patro emanA dvArA punarnimANa pAmyAM. jJAnanA A tapasvIe jesalameranA bhaMDAramAM soLa soLa mahinA sudhI akhaMDa vighAtapa karyuM ane A ane AvA bIjA jJAnabhaMDArone pahelAM surakSita banAvyA ane pachI vidvAno mATe sulabha karyA. pATaNamAM zrI hemacaMdrAcArye jJAnamaMdiranI sthApanA karI. jJAnoddhAra ane jJAna prasAramAM jIvaMta rasa hovAthI keTalAya jJAnabhaMDArone teoe nAmazeSa thatAM bacAvyA. AvA Agama prabhAkara muni zrI puNyavijayajI hastaprata bhaMDAramAM beThA hoya tyAre ArAma, AhAra ane UMdha paNa vIsarI jatA hatA. vidvAno ane vidyAnA khapIone sahAya karavAnI emanI sadaiva tatparatA. zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlayanI Agama prakAzana yojanA aMge temaNe ema kahyuM ke vidvAno A graMthane tapAse. emAM koI skUlanA rahelI hoya ke saMpAdanapaddhatino doSa hoya te amane jaNAvaze to ame rAjI thaIzuM. teo noMdhe che ke, stuti Page #7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ karanArA ghaNA maLe che, paraMtu truTio dekhADanArA vidvAna ochA maLe che. huM icchuM chuM ke truTio batAve to eno bhaviSyamAM amArA saMpAdanamAM upayoga karIzuM.' emane jotAM evo prazna thato ke emanI vidvattA caDe ke sAdhutA ? eno uttara e ke emanI sAdhutA vidvattAthI vadhu zobhAyamAna banI hatI ane vidvattA sAdhutAnA pArasaspezathI vadhu kalyANakArI banI hatI. Agama prabhAkara muni zrI puNyavijayajIe karelAM saMpAdanonI sarvAMgI paripUrNatAthI mAtra dezanA nahIM, balake videzanA vidvAno paNa prasanna thayA hatA. kaThinamAM kaThina graMtho emanA saMpAdana dvArA aNIzuddha banIne navasarjana pAmatA hatA. jainasAhitya uparAMta bauddhasAhitya ane vaidika sAhityamAM emanI ruci hatI ane aitihAsika tema ja tulanAtmaka dRSTi tathA taTastha vicAra karavAnI paddhatine lIdhe emanuM kArya mAtra jainasAhitya ke bhAratIya saMskRtinI dRSTie ja nahIM, balake mAnava saMskRtine mATe mahattvanuM banI rahyuM. Ama narI AMkhe na dekhAya tevuM AMtarika tapa svAdhyAya tapa - karyuM ane jIvaMta vidyAlaya samA vidyArthIo ApyA. aneka saMsthAo ane graMthamALAomAM prANa pUryA. AvA munirAja zrI puNyavijayajI mahArAjanA jIvanakAryane anulakSIne emanI janmazatAbdIe vingoSThInuM be saMsthAonA sahayogathI suMdara Ayojana thayuM, teno AnaMda A graMthanA prakAzana samaye vyakta karuM chuM ane DaoN. niraMjanAbahena vorAe A graMtha taiyAra karavA mATe uThAvelA parizrama badala temane dhanyavAda ApuM chuM. amadAvAda 6-4-2001 6 - kumArapALa desAI Page #8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prastAvanA zrI puNyavijayajI janmazatAbdI nimitte AMtararASTrIya jainavidyA adhyayanakendra ane insTiTayUTa oNpha jainolojInA saMyukta upakrame hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana" vize parisaMvAda yojAyo hato. teno maMgala AraMbha zrI bhadrAbena savAInI prArthanAthI thayo hato. DaoN. niraMjanA vorAe svAgata-pravacana karyA pachI zrI AtmAnaMdajI (zrImad rAjacaMdra AdhyAtmika kendra, kobA)e dIpa pragaTAvIne parisaMvAdanuM udghATana karyuM hatuM. uddaghATana-pravacana karatAM zrI puNyavijayajInAM hastaprata ane Agama sAhityanAM saMzodhana ane saMpAdananAM kSetre thayelAM viziSTa pradAnano paricaya Apyo hato. jJAnopAsanA sAthe sva-svarUpanI oLakha meLavavAnuM mahattva paNa samajAvyuM hatuM. samAraMbhanuM adhyakSapada gUjarAta vidyApIThanA kulanAyaka zrI goviMdabhAI rAvale saMbhALyuM hatuM. temaNe jainadarzananI viziSTatAo samajAvIne zrI puNyavijayajI prerita jJAnopAsanAnAM kAryane gatizIla banAvavAno anurodha karyo hato. zrI kumArapALabhAI desAI, zrI nagInabhAI zAha ane cinubhAI nAyake zrI puNyavijayajInAM jIvana-kavana ane bahuzrutatA vize mananIya pravacano ApyAM hatAM. aMtamAM gUjarAta vidyApIThanA kulasaciva zrI zailezabhAI paTele gUjarAta vidyApIThamAM sthApita jainakendranI pravRttiono paricaya ApIne AbhAradarzana karyuM hatuM. A parisaMvAda nimitte "AgamaprabhAkara zrI puNyavijayajI-smRti-vizeSa" viSayaka eka pradarzananuM Ayojana 'bhAratIya-saMskRti saMgrahAlayamAM karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. prAkRta bhASA-sAhitya ane jainadarzananA vizeSajJa zrI nagInabhAI zAhe A pradarzananuM dIpa pragaTAvIne udghATana karyuM hatuM. pradarzanamAM zrI puNyavijyajInA dIkSAkALathI AraMbhIne temanA jIvananA vividha prasaMgonI tasavIro rajU karavAmAM AvI hatI. temanAM mAtA, guru, dAdAguru, kapaDavaMjanA temanA nivAsasthAna vagerenI tasavIro sAthe zrI puNyavijyajInI preraka vANInAM keTalAMka avataraNo rajU karyA hatAM. te sAthe aneka mahAnubhAvonA ane vividha Page #9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ samAcAra patrikAo ane sAmAyikomAM temanA vize vyakta thayelAM maMtavyo paNa mUkavAmAM AvyAM hatAM. munizrInuM mahad jIvanakArya hastapratavidyA vizenuM hatuM ene anulakSIne keTalIka dastAvejI hastaprato paNa pradarzanamAM mUkI hatI. munizrI puNyavijyajInA vyakitatvano sarvAgI paricaya ApatA A pradarzananuM Ayojana ane goThavaNI abhinaMdanIya hatAM. jaina hastaprato : paricaya, vaividhya, jALavaNI ane gujarAtanA hastaprata bhaMDArono paricaya" vizenI parisaMvAdanI bIjI beThaka tA.30-07-97nA roja bapore 2-30 vAgye pro. zrI. baMsIdharabhAI bhaTTanA adhyakSapade yojAI hatI. munizrI puNyavijyajInA sAMnidhyamAM hastaprato ane Agama sAhityanAM saMzodhana saMpAdana aMgenuM kArya karavAno su-lAbha jemane maLyo hato, tevA zrI lakSmaNabhAI bhojake beThakanA AraMbhamAM munizrI puNyavijayajInA hastaprata aMgenA pradAnano paricaya ApIne hastapratonA saMpAdana vizenI keTalIka mULabhUta hakIkatono khyAla Apyo hato. DaoN. zrIdhara aMdhAree projekTaranI madadathI sacitra hastapratono pratyakSa paricaya Apyo hato. DaoN. bhAratIbahena zelate hastalikhita prationI lipinA vaividhya, sAmya ane temAM thatAM parivartano vize vigatathI mAhitI ApI hatI. zrI goviMdabhAI modIe phArasI bhASAmAM lakhAyelI dastAvejI hastapratono paricaya ApIne temAMnI eka hastapratanuM bhASAMtara tathA tenI vizeSatAonI rajUAta karI hatI. sAhityika hastapratonI apekSAe A saMzodhanalekha dvArA hastapratonA eka viziSTa kSetra vize mAhitI upalabdha thaI e eka nodhapAtra prasaMga che. zrI vI. ela. paMDite jaina hastapratonA saMzodhana ane zaikSaNika mUlya vize rajUAta karI tathA zrI vibhUtibahena bhaTTa bho. je. vidyAbhavananA hastapratabhaMDArano sarvAgI paricaya karAvyo. adhyakSIya samIkSA bAda A beThakanuM samApana thayuM hatuM. parisaMvAdanI trIjI beThakano AraMbha tA. 30-07-97 ne guruvAre savAre 930 vAgye thayo. 'hastapratonA abhyAsanuM sAMskRtika ane zaikSaNika daSTie mahattva ane kRtisaMpAdana' - A beThakano mukhya viSaya hato. A beThakanuM adhyakSapada saMskRta-sAhityanA prakhara vidvAna DaoN. tapasvI nAndIe saMbhALyuM hatuM. beThakanA AraMbhamAM zrI kAMtibhAI zAhe hastapratonuM sAMskRtika-zaikSaNika mUlya ane kavi sahaja suMdara kRta 'guNaratnAkarachaMda' nA saMdarbhamAM hastapratonA pAThabheda vize carcA karI. zrI pUrNimAbahena upAdhyAye saMskRta bhASAnA AraMbhakALanA Page #10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ graMthonI pAThasamIkSA karI. DaoN. nArAyaNa kaMsArAe buddhisAgara kRta vyAkaraNanI hastaprata ane saMpAdana vize tathA DaoN. tapasvI nAndIe 'bharatanuM nATyazAstra : 'pAlipi' - 'N' - 'ena' 'eka samIkSA' vize lekho rajU karyA. zrI rA. ThA. sAvaliyAe viDio kaeNseTanI sahAyathI hastapratonA citrAMkita pRSThono pratyakSa khyAla ApIne tenA vaividhya vize vigatathI carcA karI. beThakanuM samApana adhyakSa zrI nAndIsAhebanA vaktavyathI thayuM. parisaMvAdanI cothI beThakano AraMbha bapore 2-30 vAgye DaoN. ke. Ara. caMdrAnA adhyakSapade thayo. A beThakano viSaya 'Agama-sAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana' vizeno hato. beThakanA AraMbhamAM DaoN. caMdrakAntAbahena bhaTTe hastapratonA prakAra ane jatana vize keTalIka carcA karyA pachI DaoN. kanubhAI zeThe gujarAtanA hastapratagraMthabhaMDAro ane emAMthI prApta thatI Agama sAhitya aMgenI prAcIna hastaprato vize ghaNI vigatapUrNa mAhitI ApI. zrI vasaMtabhAI bhaTTe jainAgamonA pAThasaMpAdanamAM prAcIna bhASAkIya svarUpanA puna:sthApana vize abhyAsapUrNa carcA karI. zrI caMdrAsAhebe ardhamAgadhI Agama graMthanA saMpAdanamAM hastapratomAMthI pAThanI pasaMdagInA prazna vize rajUAta karatAM pATha ane pAThAntarono vizada paricaya Apyo ane beThakanA samApanamAM adhyakSIya samIkSA karI. A dareka beThakamAM viSayane anulakSIne rasaprada ane abhyAsapUrNa carcAo ane praznottarI thayA. jene kAraNe parisaMvAda rasaprada, jIvaMta ane saphaLa banI zakyo. vidvAna vaktAo uparAMta viSayanA jANakAra abhyAsIo, adhyApako ane vizeSajJo paNa A parisaMvAdamAM upasthita rahyA. jemAM sarvazrI jitendrabhAI zAha, saMskRta akAdamInA adhyakSa zrI gautamabhAI paTela, pro. sI. vI. rAvaLa, pro. madhusUdana DhAMkI, salonIbahena jozI, pArUlabahena mAMkaDa, varSAbahena jAnI, rUpendrabhAI pagAriyA vagerenI upasthitithI parisaMvAda saphaLa banI rahyo. parisaMvAdanA samApananA samAraMbhamAM gUjarAta vidyApIThanA kulapati zrI rAmalAlabhAI parIkhe gUjarAta vidyApIThamAM purAtattvamaMdiranI thayelI sthApanA ane tenA AnuSaMge jainadarzananAM prakAzita thayelAM pustako ane anya pravRttio vize vizada mAhitI ApI hatI. jainadarzanamAM svIkArAyeluM ahiMsAnuM mahattva ane mahAtmA gAMdhIprerita ahiMsAno samanvaya karatA samAjamAM tenI upakArakatAnuM mahattva samajAvyuM hatuM. AMtararASTrIya jainavighA adhyayanakendranI Page #11 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ pravRttimAM upasthita sarva vidvAnonA maLelA sahakAra mATe temaNe AnaMda vyakta karyo hato. samApana beThakamAM sarvazrI baLavaMtabhAI jAnI ane kAnajIbhAI paTele paNa hastapratonA saMzodhana-saMpAdananuM mahattva samajAvIne e kAryane vega maLe te mATe anurodha karyo hato. zrI kumArapALabhAI desAIe parisaMvAdanA AyojananI bhUmikA samajAvIne insTiTayUTa oNpha jainolojInI pravRttiono paricaya Apyo hato. aMtamAM DaoN. niraMjanA vorAe parisaMvAdamAM bhAga lenAra sarva vaktAo ane vidvAnono aMta:karaNapUrvaka AbhAra mAnyo hato. A parisaMvAdamAM rajU thayelA saMzodhana lekhomAM rajU thayelI mAhitI vizALa vAcakavargane upalabdha thAya te hetuthI tene pustakarUpe pragaTa karavAno nirNaya karyo hato. e hetu Aje saphaLa thatAM AnaMdanI lAgaNI anubhavIe chIe. niraMjanA vorA tA. 7-12-'99 gUjarAta vidyApITha, amadAvAda 10 Page #12 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ anukramaNikA kama viSaya prakAzakanuM nivedana Amukha kumArapALa desAI prastAvanA 1. AgamaprabhAkara muni DaoN. niraMjanA vorA zrI puNyavijyajI . 2. AgamaprabhAkara muni DaoN. cInubhAI ja. nAyaka zrI puNyavijayajInI bahuzrutatA 3. prAcIna gujarAtI hastaprato: DaoN. baLavaMta jAnI jatana, saMrakSaNanI paddhati ane teno itihAsa 4. hastapratonA prakAro ane svarUpa caMdrakAMtAbahena ha. bhaTTa 5. hastalikhita prationI lipio bhAratIbahena zelata 6. hastaprata prakAzana : pro. DaoN. baMsIdhara bhaTTa maryAdAo ane apekSAo 7. mughalakALamAM gRhavikrayanuM goviMdabhAI modI - phArasI bhASAmAM khatapatra 8. jena hastaprata-saMzodhana DaoN. vI. ela. paMDita ane zikSaNa 9. purANI hastapratonuM priyabALAbahena zAha etihAsika mahatva 10. bho.je. vidyAbhavanano vibhUtibahena vI. bhaTTa hastaprata saMgraha 11. hastapratonuM aitihAsika tathA prA. hariprasAda zAstrI sAMskRtika mahatva 12. prAkRta-apabhraMza pANDulipiyoM kI premasumana jaina sampAdana-prakriyA Page #13 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 135 142 17. 13. buddhisAgara vyAkaraNa : DaoN. nArAyaNa ema. kaMsArA 120 hastaprato ane saMpAdana 14. bharatanuM nATyazAstra : tapasvI nAndI 129 pADulipi 'N' : eka samIkSA 15. jainadharmano amUlya vAraso - DaoN. rA. ThA. sAvaliyA sacitra hastaprato 16. hastapratonuM sAMskRtika-zaikSaNika DaoN. kAMtibhAI zAha mUlya ane keTalIka hastaprata - pAThabheda carcA - guNaratnAkarachaMdanA saMdarbhamAM ardhamAgadhI AgamagraMtha ke saMpAdana meM DaoN. ke. Ara. caMdra 149 hastaprato meM se pAThoM kI pasaMdagI kA prazna 18. jainAgamonA pAThasaMpAdanamAM vasaMtabhAI bhaTTa prAcIna bhASAkIya svarUpanuM puna:sthApana saMskRta graMthonI pAThasamIkSAnI pUrNimAbahena upAdhyAya 169 AraMbhakALa 20. Typology of Jain Manu- Dr. Shridhar Andhare 994 scripts by Muni Shri Pujnyavijayaji 21. Art and Technique of Prof. S. G. Kantawala 96 Presentation of Manuscripts 157. pariziSTa : 197 1. pUjya muni zrI puNyavijayajI saMpAdita graMtho 2. puNyavijayajI vize 3. jJAnopAsanAnuM bahumAna 189 201 Page #14 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ zaka jika | - kAkI jIta che, ke je che che . jo ke ja . ja paramapUjya AgamaprabhAkara, zrutazIlavAridhi munirAja zrI puNyavijayajI mahArAja (chabI : vaDodarA : vi. saM. 2025) Page #15 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ Page #16 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 1. AgamaprabhAkara muni zrI puNyavijayajI DaoN. niraMjanA vorA prAcIna graMtho, hastaprato ane jJAnabhaMDAronA uddhAraka zrutazIlavAridhi AgamaprabhAkara muni zrI puNyavijayajIno janma I.sa. 1895nA oNkTobaranI 27mI tArIkhe - tithi pramANe vi. saM. 1952nA kArataka suda - pAMcama - arthAt jJAnapaMcamInA parvadine kheDA jillAnA kapaDavaMja gAme thayo hato. temanuM janma nAma maNilAla. cAra mAsanI ati alpa vayamAM ja copAsa prasarI gayelI AganI jvALAonI vacce gharamAM pAraNe jhUlatA maNilAla eka vahorA sajjananA sadbhAvathI UgarI gayA hatA. jANe devIkRpAno ja saMketa ! tyAra bAda pitA DAhyAbhAI ane mAtA mANekabahena sAthe temanuM bALapaNa muMbaImAM vItyuM. prAthamika zikSaNa paNa muMbaImAM ja lIdhuM. maNilAlanI cauda varSanI vaye pitAnuM acAnaka avasAna thayuM. mAtA mANekabahenanI dRDha thayelI dharmabhAvanA asAMra saMsArano tyAga karavA prerI rahI hatI. paNa kizoravayanA putranI ciMtA tyAgamArgamAM AgaLa vadhatAM aTakAvatI hatI. dIrgha-daSTivALI mAtAe vicAryuM, 'huM saMsArano tyAga karuM to, putrane zA mATe saMsAramAM rAkhuM?' chevaTe baMnee dIkSA levAnuM nakkI karyuM. vi. saM. 1965nA mahA vada pAMcamane divase maNilAle, vaDodarsa pAse chANI gAmamAM munivarya zrI caturavijayajInA ziSya tarIke dIkSA lIdhI. nAma puNyavijayajI rAkhavAmAM AvyuM. mAtA mANekabahene paNa be divasa pachI zrI mohanalAlajI mahArAjanA samudAyamAM pAlitANAmAM dIkSA lIdhI. temanuM nAma sAdhvI zrI ratnazrIjI. zrI puNyavijayajInA dAdAguru zrI kAMtivijayajI mahArAja ane guru zrI caturavijayajI mahArAja jJAnopAsanAnI sAthe jaina bhaMDAromAM saMgrahAyelA sAhityanuM adhyayana karavAnA, teno uddhAra karavAnA eka viziSTa dhyeyane varelA hatA. zrI puNyavijayajI mATe A dhyeya jIvanakArya banI gayuM. mahArAjazrI potAnA vidyAbhyAsanI vAta karatA kahetA ke koI paNa viSayano ekadhAro saLaMga 1 Page #17 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana abhyAsa karavAnuM emanA jIvanamAM bahu ochuM banyuM hatuM. moTe bhAge vidyAbhyAsa ane zAstrasaMzodhananuM kArya sAthe sAthe ja cAlatAM rahyAM. zAstronuM vAMcana ane saMzodhana karatAM karatAM navA vikyonuM jJAna maLatuM rahyuM. enA pAyAmAM mahArAjazrInI nirmaLa tejasvI buddhi, satyane pAmavAnI jhaMkhanA, koI paNa viSayane jANavAnI utkaTa jijJAsA ane te viSayanA mULa sudhI pahoMcavAnI ane enA vistArane paNa samajavAnI dhIraja ane tAlAvelI rahelAM hatAM. dIkSAnA pahelA varSamAM mahArAjazrIe dAdAguru ane gurunI nizrAmAM badhA prakaraNagraMthonA UMDANathI abhyAsa karyo jANe zAstrIya jJAnanAM bIja vavAyAM. tyArabAda kramaza: mAgapadezikA, siddhahema laghuvRtti, hemalaghuprakriyA, caMdraprabhA vyAkaraNa, hitopadeza, dazakumAracaritra vagerenuM parizIlana karyuM. pALiyAdavALA paMDita zrI vIracaMdabhAI meghajI pAse laghuvRttino adhUro abhyAsa pUro karyo - kAvyonuM vAMcana karyuM. te sAthe pU. dAdAguru ane guruzrInI jJAnopAsanA ane saMzodhanakAryanA saMskAra paNa daDha thatA hatA. te samaya daramiyAna bhAratIya darzanonA UMDA abhyAsI ane jainadarzananA prakAMDa vidvAna paMDita sukhalAlajI pAse kAvyAnuzAsana, tilakamaMjarI, tarkasaMgraha ane chaMdAnuzAsanano abhyAsa karyo. paMDitajInA bahoLA jJAnane lIdhe zrI puNyavijyajInI jJAnanI sImAo ane AMtaradaSTino vikAsa thato gayo. A samaye temaNe prAcIna pratonA pAThAMtaro meLavavAnuM ane zAstrIya graMthonAM pUko tapAsavAnAM kAryano AraMbha karI dIdho hato. paMDitajInA sanmatitarkanA saMzodhana ane tatvArthasUtranA saMpAdananA kAryamAM teo sAthe hatA. bauddhadarzananA keTalAka muddAothI paNa temane paricita karyA. mahArAjazrIe bauddhagraMthanI hetubiMdunI nakala paMDitajI mATe karI ApI. pAchaLathI hetubiMdu graMtha vaDodarAnI gAyakavADa oNrienTala zreNI taraphathI pragaTa thayo. temaNe A graMthanI karI ApelI nakala eka Adarza nakala gaNAya che. tyArabAda Avazyaka hAribhadrI TIkA, oghaniryukti, gurutattvavinizcaya, oghaniyuktinI droNAcAryanI TIkA, pannavaNAsUtra vizenI malayagiri TIkA ane bhagavatIsUtranI abhayadevasUrinI TIkA vagerenuM paThana - pAThana - adhyayana karyuM. AgamasUtronA mahAna uddhAraka sAgaranaMdajI sUrijIe pATaNamAM zarU karelI AgamonI vAcanAnA kAryo, emane AgamonA saMpAdana mATe preraNA ApI. bhAvanagaranA zeTha zrI kuMvarajIbhAI ANaMdajI pAse karmaprakRti, prakaraNo vagerenuM Page #18 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ AgamaprabhAkara muni zrI puNyavijayajI vAcana karyuM hatuM. jainadarzananI sAthe anya darzanagraMtho ane laukika vidyAnA graMthonuM paNa adhyayana karyuM hatuM. ahiMsAlakSI jIvanasAdhanA ane satyalakSI jJAnopAsanA zrI puNyavijayajInuM jIvanalakSya hatuM. dharmamaya jIvana jIvavAnI sAthe jJAnabhaMDAronA uddhAraka, hastapratonA saMrakSaka ane Agamavid tarIke temaNe karelI zvetopAsanAnuM anekagaNuM mahattva che. zrI puNyavijayajI, emanA gurujI ane dAdAguruzrIe maLIne lIMbaDI, pATaNa, khaMbhAta, vaDodarA, bhAvanagara, pAlitANA, amadAvAda, jesalamera, bikAnera, jodhapura uparAMta gujarAta-saurASTra ane rAjasthAnanA saMkhyAbaMdha graMthabhaMDArone tapAsI, emane suvyavasthita karI, keTalAkanI yAdIo taiyAra karI ApI hatI ane keTalAkanI savistAra sUcione paNa mudrita karAvI ApI hatI. keTaleka sthaLe to reparo, baMdhano, DAbaDA ke peTIo ane kabATanI paNa vyavasthA karAvI, keTalAya prAcIna graMthabhaMDArone nAmazeSa thatA bacAvI lIdhA hatA. A mATe temaNe aneka kaSTasAdhya vihAro karyA hatA ane athAga parizrama lIdho hato. lagabhaga naSTa thavA AvelI hastaprato ane graMthone jJAnopAsako mATe upalabdha karavAnuM zakavartI kArya paNa karyuM. zrI puNyavijayajInA dAdAguru ane guruzrInA prayAsathI chANI ane vaDodarAmAM jJAnabhaMDAronI sthApanA thaI hatI. tema ja zrI puNyavijayajI ane zrI vijayavallabhasUrijI mahArAjanA saMyukta prayAsathI pATaNamAM zrI hemacaMdrAcArya jaina jJAnamaMdiranI sthApanA saM. 1995mAM thaI hatI. tenuM udghATana zrI ka. mA. munazIe karyuM hatuM. zrI puNyavijayajI mahArAjanI apUrva Agama-ArAdhanA ane jJAna-sAdhanA tathA zeTha zrI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAInI udAratAnA pariNAme amadAvAdamAM vi. saM. 2013nA viyAdazamInA zubha divase zrI lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmaMdiranI thayelI sthApanA, munizrInA jIvanalakSyanI uccatama siddhinI ghotaka che. 3 temaNe potAnA hastalikhita ane mudrita hajAro mUlyavAna graMthono bhaMDAra, jainavighA ane bhAratIya saMskRtinA deza-paradezanA sarve jijJAsu abhyAsIo lAbha laI zake e hetuthI A vidyAtIrthane soMpI dIdhA hatA. temanI kalAsAmagrIno amUlya saMgraha paNa A saMsthAmAM sacavAyo che. A uparAMta eka bhavya AgamamaMdiranI racanA karavAno manoratha paNa temaNe sevyo hato. Page #19 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 4 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana zrI puNyavijayajI pratinA niSNAta pArakhu hatA. nAnI ke moTI, jUnI jIrNazIrNa thaI gayelI ke surakSita - dareka prakAranI hastapratanuM, jhaverI jema hIrAnI parakha kare tevI cIvaTathI teo avalokana ane mUlyAMkana karatA. prAcIna graMthonA eka sarakhA mApanAM bheLaseLa thaI gayelAM pAnAMomAMthI tema ja tADapatrIya graMthonA TukaDAomAMthI AkhA ke adhUrA graMthone taiyAra karI ApavAnI mahArAjazrInI sUjha ane nipuNatA kharekhara asAdhAraNa ane herata pamADe tevI hatI. prationA uddhAra ane saMrakSaNanA teone A kAryamAM mAIkrophilma, phoTosTeTa ane enlArjamenTa levarAvavAno paNa samAveza thato. dIrdhadaSTisaMpanna zrI puNyavijayajI prAcIna hastapratone ukelIne enI svaccha zuddha nakala banAve tevA lahiyAo taiyAra karavA mATe paNa prayatnazIla rahyA hatA. pU. dAdAguru ane guruzrInA pagale pagale mahArAjazrIe paNa eka samartha saMzodhaka saMpAdaka tarIkenI khyAti prApta karI. emanAM saMpAdanonI sarvAga paripUrNatAe paradezanA vaijJAnika daSTie saMzodhana karanAra vidvAnone paNa abhibhUta karyA hatA. akSaronA vividha maroDo dharAvatI judA judA saikAnI lipine ukelavAmAM teo siddhahasta hatA. vidyAnI upAsanA karatAM teo vyAdhine paNa vIsarI jatA. I. sa. 19papanA arasAmAM saMgrahaNIno roga thayo tyAre vyAdhigrasta avasthAmAM ja kathAra-koSa'nuM saMpAdana ane 'nizIthacUrNi'nuM adhyayana karyuM. I. sa. 1917mAM "kaumudI nijAnaMda nATakanA saMpAdana-prakAzanathI AraMbhAyeluM emanuM lekhana ane saMpAdana-saMzodhananuM kArya 1971mAM pragaTa thayelA pannavaNAsura bhAga bIjA sudhI satata cAlu rahe che. temanI lagabhaga 45 jeTalI kRtio prakAzita thaI, ane keTalIka haju aprakAzita che. zrI puNyavijayajI saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza ane jUnI gujarAtI bhASA, chanda ane vyAkaraNanA prakhara vidvAna hatA, jaina zAstro ane AgamonA adhikRta jJAtA hovAnI sAthe mahAna purAtatvavida hatA. itihAsa, bhAratIya saMskRti, lipizAstra, prAcIna citrakalA, sikkAo, mUrtizAstra vagere vizenuM temanuM jJAna vyApaka ane talasparzI hatuM. saMzodhaka tarIke sAMpradAyika ane vyaktigata matamatAntaro ane pUrvagrahothI mukta evI aitihAsika ane tulanAtmaka daSTi paNa temaNe vikasAvI hatI. puNyavijayajInI satya ane jJAnanI sAdhanA jIvanasparzI ane UrdhvagAmI Page #20 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ AgamaprabhAkara muni zrI puNyavijayajI jIvananA uttama AdarzarUpa hatI. vizeSa abhyAsa karavA icchatA jijJAsuo ane " vidvAno mATe teo pote ja jJAnakoSa ke jJAnatIrtha samAna hatA. temanA pratyenuM mahArAjazrInuM valaNa khUba udAra hatuM. temane pustako, hastalikhita prato, enI mAikrophilma ke phoTosTeTa kopI vagere je koI vastunI jarUra hoya te sulabha karI ApavA mahArAjazrI sadA tatpara rahetA. ema karatAM potAnI pAsethI alabhya katio paNa sahajabhAve udAratAthI ApI detA. koInuM paNa kAma karI ApavAnI paragaju vRtti temanA jIvana sAthe sahajapaNe joDAI gaI hatI. jJAnanI sAdhanAmAM sadA lIna rahenAra zrI puNyavijayajIe kyAreya padavI ke pratiSThAnI AkAMkSA rAkhI na hatI. ati Agraha karavA chatAM, temaNe AcArya banavAnuM pasaMda karyuM nahIM. vidvattAnA pratikarUpe apAtI paMnyAsa padavI paNa temAge svIkArI nahIM. vi. saM. 2010 (I. sa. 1954)mAM vaDodarAnA zrIsaMghe temane "AgamaprabhAkara'nuM birUda ApyuM hatuM. paNa zrI puNyavijayajI A bAbatamAM nirlepa hatA. tema chatAM aneka rIte temanA jJAnanuM gaurava thayuM hatuM. dezaparadezanA aneka vidvAnoe emanA mArgadarzanamAM saMzodhanakArya karyuM hatuM. yunivarsiTI dvArA apAtI uccatama padavI pIeca.DI.nA parIkSaka tarIke temanI nimaNUka thaI hatI. I. sa. 1959mAM amadAvAda khAte maLelI gujarAtI sAhitya pariSada'nA vIsamA adhivezananA itihAsa - purAtatva vibhAganA pramukha tarIke temanI vANI thaI hatI. I. sa. 1961mAM kAzmIramAM ola inDiyA oNrienTala konpharansanA ekavIsamA adhivezanamAM prAkRta ane jainadharma vibhAganA adhyakSa tarIke muni zrI puNyavijayajInI pasaMdagI thaI hatI. I.sa. 1970mAM amerikAnI 'oNrienTala sosAyaTI'e emane mAnA sabhya tarIkenuM sthAna ApyuM hatuM. Ama aneka rIte sanmAnita thayA hovA chatAM, mahArAjazrInI pratibhAne ahaMkArano sparza thayo na hato. jaina zAstranA ane anya graMthomAM rahelAM saMskRtinAM ucca mUlyone temaNe pArakhyAM hatAM. jJAnanI A bahumUlya sAmagrInuM rakSaNa - saMvardhana karavA temaNe samagra jIvana kaThina tapazcaryA karI hatI. mAna-moTAI temane AkarSI zakatA na hatA. sau koInA vikAsamAM ni:svArthabhAve sahAyarUpa thavAnI nikhAlasa, nisvArtha bhAvanA, hRdayanI vizALatA, saujanya, sahiSNutA, jJAnaprApti ane jJAnanA prasAranI adamya jhaMkhanA temanA sahaja guNo hatA. temanuM jIvana RjutA, saraLatA, prajJA ane zIlanA samanvayathI saune mATe maMgala ane preraka Page #21 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 6 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana banI rahyuM hatuM. zAstrIya graMthonA abhyAsa ane prakAzananA kAryamAM satata pravRttizIla hovA chatAM nAnA bALakathI mAMDIne aneka sAdhu-sAdhvIo ane zrAvakone prasanna citte maLatA. dharmanA AcAranuM niSThApUrvaka pAlana karatA, paNa rUDhigrasta AcAravicAranI maryAdA samajatA. zramaNa saMghanA bhinna bhinna samudAyo vacce pravartatI vADAbaMdhIthI teo sadA alipta rahyA hatA. bAsaTha varSanuM emanuM dIkSA jIvana eTale avirata karmayAtrA ane akhaMDa jJAnayajJa. sAcA arthamAM teo AjIvana vidyA-arthI rahyA. 76 varSanI umare pahelA harasanI ane pachI prosTeTanI zastrakriyA bAda 14mI jUna 1971nA roja rAtre 8-30 vAgye A jJAnI saMtapuruSano kSara deha paMcatatvamAM bhaLI gayo. tapa, tyAga, saMyama ane prakAza prasarAvato tejasvI dIpa sadAne mATe bujhAI gayo. Page #22 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 2. AgamaprabhAkara muni zrI puNyavijayajInI bahuzrutatA DaoN. cInubhAI ja. nAyaka gujarAta mAthe eka Aropa che ke te potAnA gharadIvaDAne oLakhI zakatuM nathI. muni zrI puNyavijayajInI janmazatAbdInI ujavaNI dvArA ApaNe A Aropa dUra karI zakIe. mAro aMgata mata evo che ke gujarAtamAM itihAsanuM kheDANa jeTaluM bina itihAsakAro (Non Historians) dvArA thayuM che teTaluM itihAsakAro dvArA thayuM nathI. AvI vyaktiomAM muni zrI jinavijayajI, AgamaprabhAkara muni zrI puNyavijayajI, zrI kalyANarAya jezI, zrI zaMbhuprasAda ha. desAI, zrI maNilAla vorA ityAdino samAveza thAya che. itihAsa ane purAtattvanA avazeSonI bAbatamAM bhAratanAM bIjAM rAjyo karatA gujarAta ghaNuM samRddha che. pro. ema. epha. lokhaMDavAlA saMpAdita mirAta-e-ahamadInI prastAvanAmAM vikhyAta itihAsakAra sara jadunAtha sarakAra kahe che : The land of Gujarat is a heaven for archaeologists eTale ke gujarAtanI bhUmi purAvastuvido mATe svarga samAna che. ahIMnA jaina bhaMDAromAM je pothIo ane hastaprato paDelI che tenuM saMzodhana karavA mATe hajAro saMzodhako ochA paDe. amadAvAdamAM gujarAta vidyAsabhAnA nimaMtraNathI 20mI gujarAtI sAhitya pariSada yojAyelI tyAre itihAsa purAtattva vibhAganA pramukha tarIke puNyavijayajI mahArAje jaNAveluM ke ekalA amadAvAdanA jaina bhaMDAro/jJAna bhaMDAronI hastapratonuM saMpAdana karI tenI prastAvanA lakhavAmAM Ave to gujarAta yunivarsiTIne 30,000 vidyArthIone Ph.D. nI padavI ApavI paDe ! A saMzodhako kyAM che ? dIvo laIne zodhavA javuM paDaze. hastapratonA bhaMDArone kabATanI tALA-kUMcImAM pUrI rAkhavAthI jJAnanI vRddhi thavAnI nathI. ApaNe je te vidvAnone hastapratono upayoga na karavA daIne jJAnane baMdhiyAra banAvI rahyA chIe eno ApaNane khyAla che kharo ? jJAnane koI saMpradAya sAthe saMbaMdha nathI e to varasAdanA zuddha pANI jevuM vyApaka che. Page #23 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 8 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana muni zrI puNyavijayajI mahArAje gurukRpAthI ekale hAthe hajAro hastaprato samajAvaTathI prApta karI che. rAjasthAnanuM jesalamera e to sarahadI vistAra, kyAreka AkAzamAMthI boMbavarSA thAya ane sarvanAza thaI jAya e kahevAya nahIM temaNe ekalA hAthe jhUjhIne samajAvaTathI tyAMnA jainabhaMDAromAMthI hajAro hastaprato amadAvAdamAM laI AvyA ane lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmaMdirane bheTa dharI. hastaprato sAthe jaina tIrthakaro ane parikara, devatAonI paththaranI, lAkaDAnI, dhAtunI aneka kalAtmaka pratimAonI paNa bheTa dharI. Aje lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmaMdiranI je AMtarika samRddhi che te muni zrI puNyavijayajIne AbhArI che. vikhyAta ciMtaka zrI dilIpakumAra royanA pustaka Among the great mAM kavivara ravIndranAtha TAgore vaDA pradhAna javAharalAla neharu vize lakhatAM kahyuM che : vasaMtaRtune bhAratavarSamAM janma levAnuM mana thayuM ane te javAharalAla neharunA svarUpe avatarI. huM paNa muni zrI puNyavijyajI mahArAja aMge kahI zakuM ke 'hastapratavidyA - Manuscriptology ne gujarAtamAM janma levAnuM mana thayuM ane te kapaDavaMjamAM puNyavijyajI svarUpe avatarI'. bALapaNamAM ja mAtA sAthe dIkSA lIdhI ane vidyAguruo caturavijaya mahArAja ane kAMtivijyajI mahArAjanI chAyAmAM rahIne agAdha jJAnarAzi saMpAdana karI. muni zrI puNyavijayajI eTale ja 'jJAnArNava'. pote jaina sAdhu hovA chatAM temanI daSTi ghaNI vyApaka hatI. sAhitya pariSadanA amadAvAda adhivezanamAM temaNe kaheluM huM jaina sAdhu hoI, jJAnabhaMDAronuM avalokana karatAM mAruM dhyAna mukhyatve jaina kRtio tarapha jAya e svAbhAvika che. Ama chatAM mArA avalokanamAM AvatI jainetara nAnI ke moTI koI kRti tarapha meM kadIye upekSA karI nathI.' temaNe ema paNa jaNAveluM ke 'pATaNa, khaMbhAta, jesalamera AdinA atiprAcIna jJAnabhaMDAro to jagaprasiddha che ja, paraMtu te uparAMta gujarAta, saurASTra, kaccha, mAravADa, mevADa, paMjAba, uttara pradeza, dakSiNAdi dezonAM aneka nagara ane gAmomAM jaina zrIsaMgha ane jaina munionA adhikAromAM je jJAnabhaMDAro che temAM Apa saunI kalpanAmAMya na Ave tevuM ane teTaluM jaina-jainetara vividha viSyone lagatuM sAhitya vidyamAna che, jene ApaNe samagrapaNe jANatA paNa nathI. jema jema A jJAnabhaMDAronuM avagAhana karavAmAM Ave che tema tema emAMthI aneka viSayone lagatI navI navI kRtio prApta thatI ja jAya che." Page #24 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ AgamaprabhAkara muni zrI puNyavijayajInI bahuzrutatA 9 muni zrI puNyavijayajI jaina AgamonA to prakhara paMDita hatA paNa bhAratIya darzano - vizeSa karIne vedAMta, sAMkhya nyAya ane yoganA paNa UMDA abhyAsI che. teo lipivighAnA paNa sArA jANakAra hatA. mUrtividyA khAsa karIne Jain Iconography nA paNa teo jANakAra hatA. A uparAMta jyotiSa, gaNita, khagoLa, chaMdazAstra, alaMkArazAstra, aMgavighA, nRtyazAstra, nATyazAstra, saMgItazAstra vagerenI jANakArI paNa teo dharAvatA hatA. temanA ziSyamaMDaLamAM DaoN. bhogIlAla ja. sAMDesarA, DaoN. umAkAnta che. zAha, paMDita amRtalAla mohanalAla jevA vidvAno hatA. pote ATalA badhA bahuzruta paMDita hovA chatAM paMDitAInuM leza mAtra abhimAna na hatuM. teo sAcA arthamAM mUThI UMcerA mahAmAnava hatA. Page #25 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 3. prAcIna gujarAtI hastaprato : jatana-saMrakSaNanI paddhati ane teno itihAsa DaoN. baLavaMta jAnI citra, zilpa, purAtana avazeSo ane jUnI-prAcIna hastapratone ApaNI prAcIna ane bhavya saMskRtinA purAvAo mATenI mahatvanI sAmagrI gaNAvI zakAya. AmAMthI mAro saMparka mAtra prAcIna hastaprato pUrato ja maryAdita hoI, huM ahIM e vizenI ja jatana-saMrakSaNa tathA ApaNe tyAMnI enI paddhatinI aitihAsika pariprekSyamAM vigato prastuta karIza. mArA A vizvanA nibaMdhamAM khAsa karIne gujarAta ane emAMya moTe bhAge to saurASTra tathA kaccha saMdarbhe ja mArI vigato rajU karIza. keTalAka mahattvanA hastapratabhaMDAronI meM mArA saMzodhanakArya mATe lIdhelI mulAkAto nimitte mane sUjhelI bAbato paratve dhyAna doravAno mAro Azaya che. koI hastaprata-bhaMDAranI, enA taMtranI ke vyaktinI TIkA ke prazasti karavAno mAro hetu nathI, paNa A kSetre kevI kevI kAmagIrInI AvazyakatA che ane e saMdarbhe kevI paristhitiono sAmano karavAno rahe che e tarapha aMgulinirdeza karavAno upakrama che. gujarAta-saurASTra-kacchanI saMskRti atyaMta prAcIna che. A aitihAsika satya to sarvavidita che. saurASTra ane kacchano eka lAMbo sAhityika-sAMskRtika ItihAsa che. A viSayaka aneka graMtho paNa racAyA che. gujarAtI bhASA-sAhitya I. sa.1150 thI astitvamAM AvyuM ema gaNI zakAya. AmAM vajasenasUrinI racanA IsvIsana 1169 ane zAlibhadrasUrinI racanA IsvIsana 1184nI samayanirdezavALI hastaprato upalabdha che. tyArathI mAMDIne I.sa.1850 sudhInA madhyakAlIna samayagALAnI dAyakA-dAyakAnA samayanirdezavALI hastaprato upalabdha che. bhAratIya AryabhASAomAM ATalo eTale ke sAtaso varSa lAMbo itihAsa ane enI zraddheya sAmagrI hastapratorUpe upalabdha che e gujarAtI bhASA-sAhityanI AgavI viziSTatA che.. Page #26 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prAcIna gujarAtI hastaprato : jatana-saMrakSaNanI paddhati ane itihAsa 11 ApaNe jANIe chIe ke prAcIna kALamAM sau prathama ApaNA vicAronI zAbdikabhASikalikhita abhivyakti pattharanI zilA, tyAra bAda dhAtuonI takatIomAM, tyAra pachI tADapatro, bhojapatro, ane pachI kAgaLanI hastapratomAM thayelI. sadbhAgye gujarAtamAM uparyukta pAMceya prakAranI sAmagrI upalabdha che. paraMtu A madhyakAlIna sAhityika sAmagrIne jALavatI prAcIna hastapratonI surakSA mATenI pAyAnI ane prAthamika kahI zakAya evI kharI-pUrI mAhitI uparAMta cokasAI tathA cIvaTa, hastaprata dharAvanAra saMgrAhaka, saMsthA ke vyakti pAse nathI hotI. emAM jaLavAyela aitihAsika, sAMskRtika, rAjakIya, sAmAjika, sAhityika ane bhASA-vyAkaraNa saMbaMdhita vigato keTalI badhI khapanI che eno aMdAja paNa nathI hoto. pariNAme e prAcIna hastapratone mAtra rAkhI mUkavAmAM Ave che, yogya samayanI mAvajata ane paddhatisaranI jALavaNInI prakriyAthI e vaMcita rahe che. poTalAmAM-paTArAmAM bilakula avyavasthita rIte paDI rahelI hajAro saMkhyAnI hastapratone jALavavA mATe kaMIka kakarUpanI kAyadAkIya jogavAI karavI joIe, ane eno viniyoga thAya e mATenA zreNIbaddha kAryakramonuM Ayojana thavuM joIe. hastavidyA ApaNe tyAM kharA arthamAM vikasI nathI ane jarUrI sthaLoe enI kharI samaja paNa pahoMcI nathI. eka viSaya tarIkeno ghamika paricaya ke emAMnI lipino paricaya maLI rahe e mATe bahu ja ochI zraddheya sAmagrI prakAzita thaI che. mahAna aitihAsika caritra vastupALanA samayanI ane temanA hAthe lakhAyelI tADapatranI hastaprato gujarAtanA prAcIna nagara khaMbhAtamAM sacavAyelI che. hemacaMdrAcAryanA samayanI prato tathA avazeSo paNa ahIM che. ahIM khaMbhAtanA hastaprata bhaMDAromAM A hastapratone sutarAu lAla kapaDAmAM vIMTIne lAkaDAnI peTIomAM rAkhIne e peTIone lokhaMDanA kabATamAM rAkhavAmAM Ave che. moTA bhAganI hastaprato sArI hAlatamAM che. thoDA samaya pUrve amadAvAdanI lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI prAcyavidyAmaMdire A badhI ja tADapatranI hastapratonuM ane keTalIka sacitra hastapratonuM mAikrophibhiMga kArya pUrNa karyuM. pATaNamAM AgathI paNa surakSita rahe e prakAranI kAyarapUka cembaramAM mahatvanI hastapratone jALavavAmAM Page #27 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 12 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana Ave che. surata, vaDodarA, amadAvAda ane amAre tyAM rAjakoTamAM paNa jUnI paddhatie ja prAcIna hastapratonI jALavaNI thAya che. kyAMka mAtra rezamI kapaDAmAM athavA sutarAu lAla kapaDAmAM ke plAsTikanI kothaLImAM vIMTIne sTIlanA kabATamAM ja jALavavAmAM Ave che. tAjetaramAM ja "nezanala ArkAivsa oNpha inDiyA' - nyU dilhInA anudAnathI ame khAsa prakAranI havA ke dhULa paNa na praveze evI racanAvALI hastapratone anurUpa - anukULa kadanI zuddha sAganA lAkaDAnI peTIo karAvI che. emAM DAmaranI ane perADAiklorobenjAinanI goLIo rAkhIne hastapratone jALavavAmAM Ave che. A peTIo 21 gejanA patarAnA khAsa uSNatAmAnathI tApamAna ApIne kalara karAvelA kabATamAM rAkhavAmAM Ave che. A kAraNe garamI ke bhejanI vikRta asara prAcIna hastaprato upara paDatI nathI ane ApaNo prAcIna vAraso enA mULarUpe jaLavAI rahe che. 3:1 tADapatranI, bhojapatranI ane kAgaLanI hastaprato ema alaga-alaga prakAranI hastapratonI banAvaTa ja judA prakAranI hoI enI jALavaNInA upacAro paNa alaga- alaga hoya e svAbhAvika che. tema chatAM AmAM paNa keTaluMka to sarvasAmAnya hovAnuM ja, te ke kaMI ja kharAba na thAya e mATenI aTakAvavAnI kriyA. jo kharAba thayuM to e kharAbIne dUra karavAnI tathA vadhu kharAbI na thAya e kriyA uparAMta kharAba thayela hastapratane puna: enuM mULasvarUpa prApta thAya e mATenI kriyA. Ama traNeka prakAranI upacArakriyAonI AvazyakatA to koI paNa prakAranI hastaprato mATe rahe che. eTale emAMthI A kSetramAM paDelA sau koI paricita thAya e mATenI je te prAdezika bhASAmAM mAhitI ApatuM sAhitya ane sAdhana-sAmagrI upalabdha hovAM joIe. A uparAMta paNa tADapatra, bhojapatra ke kAgaLanI hastapratone garamI, bheja, sUryaprakAza, thAyajhenyurA (Thysanura), AIsopTerA (Isoptera), kolIyopTerA (Colloptera), uita (Orthoptera) 34d siell8241 (Corrodentiea) prakAranI jIvAto tathA phUgathI rakSaNa maLI rahe e mATe vaijJAnika paddhatinA upacAronuM sAhitya paNa anivArya che. Page #28 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prAcIna gujarAtI hastaprato : jatana-saMrakSaNanI paddhati ane itihAsa 13 (4) prAcIna hastapratomAM rahelI sAmagrI mAnavasaMskRtinA bahumUlya vArasAnuM saMgamatIrtha che. enI kharI jALavaNI e ApaNI naitika pharaja che. jaina dharmamAM to hastapratonuM lekhana ane enI jALavaNI e dharmakArya, puNyakAryano ja eka bhAga gaNAtuM. e paraMparAne pariNAme teo dvArA vadhu ne vadhu surakSitarUpe hastaprato jaLavAI che. A kAraNe madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityanA itihAsamAM jainasarjakonuM pramANa paNa sAru evuM che, jyAre anya jainettara sarjako viSayaka bahu ja ocho ane Acho aMdAja maLe che. 4:1 prAcIna hastapratone thayeluM nukasAna koI ja rIte pUrI zakAya evuM hotuM nathI. eTale enuM jatana karavAnI paddhati jANavI e eka anivArya bAbata che. nukasAna pAmatI hastapratone samucita rIte saMrakSavAnI (Conservation) uparAMta yogya rIte jALavaNI karavAnI (Preservation) tathA enA punaruddhAranI (Restoration) paNa AvazyakatA che. mArI STie kharuM ane pUruM kanjharvezana uparAMta A be muddAthI thayuM gaNAya. AmAM sau prathama prijharvezana pachI kanjharvezana ane tyAra bAda resTorezana ema krama hovo joie. ApaNe A traNeya muddAone TUMkamAM samajIe. 4:1:1 prijharvezana : koIpaNa vastu nAzavaMta che. paraMtu enI yogya rIte jALavaNI karavAmAM Ave to e lAMbo samaya TakI rahe. kudaratI-prAkRtika saDAthI je jIvAtothI bace e rIte hastapratonI jALavaNInI kriyA te prijharvezana. 4:1:2 kanjharvezana : yogya rIte prijharvezana hoya chatAM akasmAte karIne ke prakRtigata rIte hastapratanuM mULarUpa naSTa pAmatuM hoya to ene aTakAvavA jALavavA saMrakSaNa mATe sUjhapUrvakanA rAsAyaNika upacArothI mULarUpa TakI rahe athavA e prakriyA aTake e mATenI kriyA te kanjharvezana. 4:1:3 resTorezana : pUro viveka jALavIne, hastapratomAMthI naSTa thayelI khUTatI kaDIo joDI ApavAnI, jhAMkhA paDI gayelA raMgonI mULa vigato mUkavAnI athavA to nAza pAmI rahelI mULa citronI pratikRti-rekhAMkano-dorIne rAkhavAnI kriyA te - Page #29 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 14 hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana punaruddhAranI kAmagIrI. A kriyAmAM eka bIjI bAbata paNa samAviSTa che. te che, pUrA zAstrIya abhigamathI prApta hastapratomAMthI yogya pAThapasaMdagI karIne ene saMpAdita karIne mUlyAMkana ane artho sAthe arvAcIna gujarAtI bhASAmAM anuvAdita karIne prakAzana karavuM. A paNa resTorezana kriyAno ja eka bhAga che. AvI vividha rUpanI kriyAthI ja ApaNe ApaNI bahu mUlyavAna prAcIna saMskRtinA purAvArUpa sAmagrInuM jatana karI zakIzuM. (5) A atyaMta mahattvanA kSetramAM tajjJo khUba ja ochA che. AmAM rasa lenArA ane anusaranArA paNa ochA maLI rahe. topaNa keTalIka mahattvanI ane A kSetrane prerakapoSaka pravRttio AraMbhavI joIe ke jethI A kSetranuM eka vAtAvaraNa baMdhAze. 5:1 pradeza kakSAnI, jhona kakSAnI ane rASTra kakSAnI samitionI racanA karavI joIe. 5:2 satata prajA samakSa judAjudA samAcAra mAdhyamo dvArA A kSetranI vigato prastuta karatAM rahIne lokarucine ghaDavAnA-keLavavAnA kAryakramonuM Ayojana thavuM joIe. 5:3 kaLA, zilpa, sAhitya tathA anya mAnavavidyAo viSayaka pAyAnI ane mahattvanI evI aprakAzita racanAo hastapratomAMthI saMpAdita thaIne prastuta thatI rahe e mATe Ayojana goThavavuM joIe ane je te kSetranA tadvidonI yAdI banAvavI joIe. 54 hastaprata saMzodhana-saMpAdana tarapha abhyAsIo vaLe e mATe uttejanarUpa sahAya-suvidhA ane grAnTa phALavavI joIe. 5:5 DipArTamenTa oNpha ArkiolojI pIeca.DI. ane ema. phila. mATe phelozipa Ape che evI yunivarsiTI, kaoNleja TIcarsa ke posTaDaoNkTarala risarca-varka mATe phelozipa ApavAnI yojanA karavI joIe. 5:6 A prakAranA saMpAdana-saMzodhananA prakAzana mATe grAnTsa ApavAnuM Ayojana karavuM joIe. 5:7 krama 3, 4, 5 ane 6 mATe bhArata sarakAranA hyumana risorsa DevalapamenTa ane nezanala ArkAivjha DipArTamenTsa taraphathI madada mATenuM Ayojana che. paNa enuM mALakhuM evuM che ke emAM kharekhara rasa dharAvatI keTalIka vyakti Page #30 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prAcIna gujarAtI hastaprato: jatana-saMrakSaNanI paddhati ane itihAsa 15 goThavAI nathI zakatI. eTale emAM vyavahAru dizAmAM Ayojana thavuM joIe. 5:8 je-te pradezanI prAcIna lipinA abhyAsane kaLA, zilpa ke sAhitya ema kayAMya abhyAsakramamAM sthAna nathI, e paristhitimAM prAcIna lipinI tAlIma-jJAna-mATenA sarTiphikeTa athavA to DiplomA korsanuM Ayojana karavuM joIe. enA kharca mATenI jogavAI karavI joIe. A badhI bAbatono ApaNA prAcIna saMskAradhananI sAmagrIrUpa hastapratonA jatanamAM samAveza karavo joIe. anyathA mAtra sthULarUpanuM jatana-jALavaNI gaNAze. jatananI vaicArika bhUmikAmAM tathA enA abhyAsa tarapha vALavAnA uparyukta muddAone paNa jo sUkSma rItanI uparyukta traNeya bAbatonI sAthe bheLavavAmAM nahIM Ave to mAtra eka karmakAMDarUpanuM dhULa jatana gaNAze. prAcIna hastapratonA jatananI A prijharvezana, kanjharvezana ane resTorezana ane sTaDI evI caturvidharUpanI prakriyA mArI daSTie pUrNarUpanI prakriyA che. hastaprata jALavaNInuM eka zAstra che. eka vidyAzAkhAnI koTie sthAna pAmI zake evo A viSaya che. khAsa karIne hastaprata jALavaNI saMdarbhe jaina saMpradAyanuM AgavuM sthAna che. prAcIna hastapratonI jALavaNInI jainonI AgavI yojanA paddhatine kAraNe Aje vizeSa mAtrAmAM gujarAtI madhyakAlIna sAhitya hastapratorUpe upalabdha che. enA jatana ane saMrakSaNanI yojanAne kAraNe bahumUlya jJAnavAraso akabaMdha rIte jaLavAI rahyo che.gujarAtanI sAMskRtika muddAnI dastAvejI sAmagrIrUpa A hastaprata bhaMDArothI badhA suparicita nathI. jainoe prAcIna hastapratonI jALavaNI karI emAM pAra vagaranI jainetara kRtio paNa che. jaina gurjara kavionI saMvardhita AvRttinA daza khaMDo enuM ujjavaLa udAharaNa che. A hastaprata bhaMDAromAM chellAM sAtaso AThaso varSanI bhASAkIya sAmagrI saMgrahita che, enuM kathAnI dRSTie, sAhitya daSTie mUlya hoya e svAbhAvika che. paNa emAM gujarAtI bhASAnAM aitihAsika vyAkaraNanAM kharAM udAharaNo paNa che. mAtra padyakRtio ja nahIM bAlAvabodha racanAo ane anya gagha ke gadyapadya citra kRtione AdhAre gujarAtI bhASAnA vikAsanI bhUmikAnuM kharuM citra prApta thaI zake tema che. bhAratanA bahu ochA prAMto pAse AvI Page #31 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana sAMskRtika sAmagrIrUpa vipula hastapratono khajAno che. ApaNI pAse che enuM kAraNa jainonI hastapratone jALavavAnI saMskAra praNAlInI bhAvanA che. A jaina hastaprata bhaMDAromAMthI pATaNa, khaMbhAta ane amadAvAdanA lA.da. prAcya vidyAmaMdira viSayaka paricayAtmaka vigato atre prastuta karavAno upakrama che. 16 6:1 pATaNanuM zrI hemacaMdrAcArya jaina jJAnamaMdira jainadharmanA mahArAjasAhebonI vicakSaNa buddhipratibhA ane sAhityika sUjhabUjhanuM eka ujjavaLa udAharaNa eTale AjanuM pATaNanuM zrI hemacaMdrAcArya jaina jJAnamaMdira. pATaNa pAse madhyakAlIna sAhitya ane saMskRtino eka bhavya itihAsa che. A itihAsanI dastAvejI sAmagrIrUpa kaMI keTalIye hastaprato, pATaNanA judAjudA pADAmAM (vistAramAM) 28 jeTalA nAnA-nAnA hastaprata bhaMDAromAM saMgrahIta hatI. A bhaMDArono vahIvaTa je-te vistAranA jaina bhAIo hastaka raheto. A badhI sAmagrIthI AkarSAIne I.sa. 1850mAM eNlekajhAnDara kinloka phorbsa, 1873mAM khullara sAheba, 1880mAM prophe. e.vI.kAthavaTe, e pachI piTarsana ane maNilAla nabhubhAI dvivedI vagere jevA aneka saMzodhako pATaNanA A judAjudA bhaMDAronI hastapratonA abhyAsArthe-avalokanArthe padhArelA, paraMtu e samaye jaina samAjanA saMgaThana ane saMkalananA abhAve prAcyavidyAno UMDo abhyAsa karavA tatpara vidvAnone vyavasthApakonI anupasthitine kAraNe ke anya rokANone kAraNe bahu sahakAra sAMpaDato na hato. vidvAnone paDatI A muzkelIno kaMIka aMze khyAla Avyo hoya ke pachI potAnI AMtarika sUjhathI e samaye pravartaka zrI kAntivijayajI ane emanA ziSya zrI caturavijayajI, zrI puNyavijayajI ane zrI vijayavallabhasUrijIe saMghanI ja mAlikInuM eka jJAnatIrtha sthapAya ane tyAM ja A tamAma prAcIna hastaprato suvyavasthita rIte saMgrahAya, enAM vigatapUrNa sUcipatro prakAzita thAya tathA saMzodhana-saMpAdana mATenI eka yojanA gatizIla bane, evo sadvicAra prastuta karyo ane enA pratighoSarUpe vyApakarUpe jainasamudAyano bahu moTo sahakAra paNa sAMpaDyo. sArI evI jamIna paNa ucita sthaLe prApta thaI tathA zrI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAInA bhatrIjA zreSThI zrI hemacaMdrabhAI mohanalAle khAsa aMgata rasa laIne anudAna ApI - apAvarAvIne eka bhavya evA jJAnatIrthanA bhavananA nirmANano AraMbha karelo. Page #32 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prAcIna gujarAtI hastaprato : jatana-saMrakSaNanI paddhati ane itihAsa 17 mahArAjasAhebono vicAra ane pATaNanA jaina samAjanA vyApaka rUpanA sahakAranA suphaLarUpa vidyAdhAma te AjanuM aneka dezI-paradezI saMzodhakonuM AkarSaNa kendra zrI hemacaMdrAcArya jaina jJAnamaMdira'. Adhunika DhabanI tamAma suvidhAothI saMpanna ane phAyara-pUpha evA A bhavananA bhavya, AkarSaka zailInA bAMdhakAmathI pATaNanI pavitra evI zobhAmAM abhivRddhi paNa eTalI ja thaI che. pATaNanuM A eka uttama evuM darzanIya sthaLa che, je ApaNA mahAna vArasAnI pratIti karAvatI 20,000 jeTalI mAtabara kahI zakAya evI hastapratone suvyavasthita rUpe sAcavI rahyuM che - kaho ke, ApaNI saMskRti-sAhitya-samRddhinuM A eka surakSAdhAma che. tA. 07-04-1939 ne zukravAranA e zubha divase gujarAtI sAhityanA sukhyAta sarjaka zrI kanaiyAlAla munazInA varad haste A jJAnopAsanAnA bhavanano uddhATana vidhi yojAyelo. mahArAjasAhebonI daramiyAnagIrIthI 'pATaNanA judAjudA vistAranI tamAma hastaprato tathA kaccha ane paMjAbamAMthI paNa ekatra karAyelI hastaprato eka ja sthaLe surakSitarUpe A bhavanamAM rAkhIne enI arpaNavidhi pATaNanA jaina zrIsaMghane thaI. ApaNuM sadbhAgya ke madhyakAlIna sAhityanA UMDA abhyAsI muni zrI puNyavijyajIe A saMsthAmAM kizoravayathI ja saMzodhana-saMpAdananI kAmagIrIno AraMbha karelo. atyAre lA.da. prApya vidyAmaMdiramAM kAryarata ane hastapratavidyAnA niSaNAta zrI lakSmaNabhAI bhojaka e samaye daza varSanI vaye ahIM ja satata madadarUpa thaIne A vidyAmAM pAraMgata thayelA. 20,jeTalI bahumUlya evI hastapratone surakSitarUpe jALavatA A bhaMDAranI 14,0% hastapratonI vigatapUrNa sUcino prathama bhAga muni zrI pAgyavijyajI dvArA taiyAra karAvela, te lA.da. prAcya vidyAmaMdira dvArA prakAzita thayela che. have 600 jeTalI pratonI sUci prakAzita thavAnI bAkI che. uparAMta keTalIka hastapratonI mAikrophilma paNa lA.da. prAcya vidyAmaMdira ane jaMbuvijayajI dvArA taiyAra thaI che. bauddhonA pramANavArtika' graMtha paranI aneka komenTrIo maLatI hatI. tibeTI bhASAmAM paNa enA paranI vistRta TIkAo prApta thatI hatI. paraMtu e saMskRta graMthanI mULa prata A bhaMDAramAM che, je kyAMya labhya nathI. evA A alabhya graMthanI mULa prata uparAMta dharmavidhi prakaraNa', 'kumArapALacaritra', 'kuvalayamAlA' Page #33 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 18 hapratavidyA ane Aga sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana ane 11mI, 1ramI tathA 13mI sadI daramiyAna lakhAyela prAkRta-apabhraMza bhASAnAM kAvyo, nATako, alaMkArazAstra, chaMdazAstra, rAjanItizAstra, kAmazAstra, jyotiSa, vedAnta, nyAya ane zilpavidyA vagere viSayanI aneka hastaprato bhaMDAranI eka AgavI riddhi che. uparAMta saMskRta, marAThI ane gujarAtI bhASAnI paNa aneka kRtio atre hoI, enA abhyAsa mATe dezaparadezanA aneka vidvAno A saMsthAno saMtoSapUrvaka lAbha laI zake che. prAraMbhamAM zrI kezavalAlabhAInI sevAo prApta thatI. have atyaMta niSThAvAna yuvAna adhyApaka zrI azoka sevaMtIlAla zAhanI mAnada sevAo, koI paNa abhyAsIne prApta thAya che, e kAraNe AjanI peDhImAM ApaNane UMDI zraddhA paNa bese che. A uparAMta tADapatrIya hastapratonA moTA jaththAmAM je trAga bhaMDAro samagra bhAratamAM che, emAMno eka hastaprata bhaMDAra pATaNamAM che, bIjo khaMbhAtamAM che ane trIjo jesalameramAM. pATaNanA A prAcIna tADapatrIya hastaprata bhaMDAranI 413 jeTalI hastapratonI khUba ja vigatapUrNa vizada sUci jaina sAhityanA ekanika abhyAsI zrI lAlacaMda bhagavAnajI gAMdhIe taiyAra karelI che. A uparAMta bhogIlAla laheracaMda gAMdhI insTiTayUTa oNpha inDolojInI paNa pATaNa khAte sthApanA thayelI. A saMsthAmAM prAcya vidyAnA saMzodhana ane saMpAdananA ghaniSTha abhyAsane pUro avakAza hato, paNa hAlamAM e saMsthA sameTI levAI che. ane hAla dilahI najIka e kAryarata che. A uparAMta kesarabAI jaina jJAnamaMdira tathA sthAnakavAsI jaina upAzraya paNa prAcya vidyAnA svAdhyAya-saMzodhana-kendro che. bhAbhAnA pADAmAM paNa kAgaLanI ane tADapatranI hastaprato sacavAI che. prAcIna hastaprata bhaMDArane ucita pariprekSyamAM rAkhavAnuM mahArAjasAhebanuM bhavya svapna sAkAra thayuM ane pATaNa eka prAcyavidyA-upAsanAnuM kendra banyuM. A prakAranI surakSA e eka Adarza sthiti che. 6:2 jaina kalA, saMskRti ane sAhityano suMdara samanvaya : khaMbhAtanA bhaMDAro : jaina kalA, saMskRti ane sAhitya ema trividha kSetre khaMbhAtanuM eka AgavuM kahI zakAya evuM pradAna che. A eka aitihAsika ane pavitra evuM saMskRtidhAma - jainoe jaina dharmanA AvAM judAM judAM sthAnomAM 84 mUrtionI sthApanA Page #34 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prAcIna gujarAtI hastaprato: jatana-saMrakSaNanI paddhati ane itihAsa 19 karelI, emAM khaMbhAtanA staMbhatIrthamAMnI bhagavAna neminAthanI sthApanAnuM paNa sthAna che. A eka bahu ja mahattvanI bAbata che. khaMbhAtanAM jUnAM nAmo 'staMbhatIrtha', 'thaMbhanatIratha' ke 'thaMbhanapura maLe che tenI pAchaLa A eka prAcIna evuM aitihAsika tathya hovAno pUro saMbhava che. Aje khaMbhAtamAM 68 jeTalAM bhavya kalApUrNa jinAlayomAM 1,170 jeTalI Arasa pratimAo, 1,370 jeTalI dhAtunI pratimAo che. eka sAcI nIlamanI pratimA che. 20 jeTalI sphaTikanI pratimAo, 146 jeTalAM cAMdInAM siddhacakro ane 98 jeTalAM dhAtunAM siddhacakothI A prAcIna nagara sAMpratakALe paNa pavitra-ujjavaLa tejathI jhaLahaLe che. kalo uparAMta sAMskRtika bAbate paNa A nagaranuM bahu moTuM mahattva che. mahAna jaina sarjaka zrI RSabhadAsanuM A vatana che. e smAraka sthaLanA darzanathI enA bhavya sarjanano paNa paricaya thAya che. uparAMta kalikAlasarvajJa hemacaMdrAcAryajIe saMvata 1154mAM dIkSA paNa A zaheranA pArzvanAtha maMdiramAM lIdhelI. guru zrI devendrasUrijI pAse jyAM hemacaMdrAcAryajIe vidyAbhyAsa karelo e saMskRtinA pratIkarUpa sthaLane paNa khaMbhAte suMdara ane suvyavasthita rIte sAcavI rAkhyuM che. A e ja sthaLa che jyAM kumArapALane hemacaMdrAcAryazrIe Azraya Apelo. A smRtidhAma e eka rIte khaMbhAtanuM AbharaNa che. ApaNA mahAna sAdhaka ane sarjaka evA zrI hemacaMdrAcAryajInuM khaMbhAtanuM A smRtidhAma e eka rIte khaMbhAtanuM AbharaNa che. ApaNA mahAna sAdhaka ane sarjaka evA zrI hemacaMdrAcAryajInuM khaMbhAtanuM A smRtidhAma ApaNI bhavya evI prAcIna saMskRtinuM ghotaka che. kalA, saMskRti uparAMta sAhityajJAna bhaMDAra e paNa khaMbhAtanI atyaMta mahattvanI ane mohaka evI ghaTanA che. ApaNI amUlya-alabhya prAcIna sAhityapratone potAnA traNa jJAnabhaMDAromAM vyavasthita rIte jALavanAra khaMbhAtanA mAtra jaina nahIM paNa samagra dezavAsIo RNI che. 6:2:1 : zAMtinAtha prAcIna tADapatrIya jJAnabhaMDAra : e mANekacokamAM Avela hastaprata bhaMDAra che. zrI vizA osavALa jainasaMgha dvArA suvyavasthita rIte enuM saMcAlana thAya che. zrI dinezabhAI jhaverI jevA sUjhavALA kAryakarono nagaranA itihAsa - saMskRti premI ane prAcyavidyAnA UMDA abhyAsI zrI mohanalAla dIpacaMda cokasIno paNa umadA sahakAra sAMpaDelo che. Page #35 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 20. hastapratavighA ane Aga sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana pariNAme ApaNA dezanI alabhya evI tADapatra para lakhAyelI ane kalAtmaka raMgIna sacitra evI 275 jeTalI hastaprato suvyavasthita rIte ahIM saMgrahAyelI che. khAsa karIne vastupALanA haste 1398mAM lakhAyelI "dharmAlyudaya mahAkAvyanI prata ApaNI eka bahu moTI askAmata che, je ahIMnA A jJAnabhaMDAramAM ja maLe che. uparAMta kAlidAsanuM "raghuvaMza', jayamaMgalakRta "kavizikSA' vagere kRtio atre hastapratarUpe maLe che. vastupALanA hastAkSaro e eka aitihAsika sAmagrI che. jaina samAja jeno bahu sAcI rIte gaurava laI zake evo A eka jJAnabhaMDAra che. 6:2:2 : "vijayanemisUrijI jJAnabhaMDAra'mAM paNa vizeka hajAra jeTalI hastaprato che. ahIM paNa vinayavijayajI racita lokaprakAza' nAmanI enasAiklopiDiyA kakSAnI mAhitIpUrNa hastaprata saMgrahAyelI che. 6:2:3: "nItivijayajI jJAnabhaMDAra'mAM paNa pAMceka hajAra jeTalI hastaprato che. suvarNAkSarI ane sacitra evI prAcIna hastaprato A jJAnabhaMDAranI AgavI riddhi che. cAMdInI zAhIthI lakhAyela kalpasUtra paNa atre che. A hastaprata bhaMDAramAM khaMbhAtanA nivAsI ane bhaMDAranA saMrakSaka zeTha zAMtilAla maNilAlano saMgraha paNa samAviSTa thayela che. Ama, kalA ane saMskRtinA bhavya pratIkarUpa jinAlayo tathA hemacaMdrAcArya smRtidhAma uparAMta ApaNA prAcIna sAhityanAM ujjavaLa prakaraNone pUrI kALajIthI sAcavatA amUlya sAhitya bhaMDArono tejasvI dhAma jevAM khaMbhAtano koI paNa jaina gRhastha pravAsa karavA jevo che. e mAtra yAtrA pravAsa nahIM paNa eka prakArano sAMskRtika pravAsa gaNAze, je ApaNA bhavya ane tejasvI vArasAnuM smaraNa karAvIne ApaNane paNa eka prakAranuM bhavya svapna sevavA tarapha lAvaze. da:3 jaina sAhitya, tatvajJAna ane saMskRtinuM saMgamatIrtha : bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmaMdira prAcya vidyAo mATenAM samagra bhAratamAM suvyavasthita rIte kAryarata hoya evAM vidyAdhAmonI saMkhyA bahu ja alpa che. evI sthitimAM amadAvAdanuM lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmaMdira(ela.DI.insTiTyUTa oNpha inDolojI) samagra bhArata ane bhArata bahAra sukhyAta evuM eka vidyAdhAma che, e AnaMdanI bAbata che. jaina sAhitya ane prAcIna vidyAo paratve vipula pramANamAM Page #36 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prAcIna gujarAtI hastaprato : jatana-saMrakSaNanI paddhati ane itihAsa 21 UMDANathI aneka prakAranAM saMzodhano atre thaI rahyAM che. ApAgI bahumUlya sAMskRtika vArasAno bahudhA zilAlekho, tAmrapatro ane hastapratone AdhAre ja ApaNane paricaya thAya che. durbhAgye e badhI cIjonuM vijJAnika paddhatithI yogya rIte kyAMya paNa jatana thatuM nathI, tyAre UMDA abhyAsa ke tulanAtmaka adhyayanano to vicAra ja kevI rIte Ave ? paradezamAM Aje A viSayamAM ghaNuM pAyAnuM kAma aneka vidvAno karI rahyA che. AvA samayamAM gujarAtanuM lA.da. bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmaMdira ApaNuM eka bahu moTuM AzvAsana che, kAraNa ke tyAM zistabaddha rIte A prakArano svAdhyAya-yajJa avirata cAlato jovA maLe che. . AjanI daSTie joIe to, eka karoDathI paNa vadhu kiMmatanuM suMdara vidyAbhavana, vizALa ane Adhunika suvidhApUrNa hastaprata-bhaMDAra, graMthAlaya, saMzodhako mATe gesTa hAusa, saMzodhana-kAryarata evA jaina munionA nivAsa mATe upAzraya, karmacArI- AvAsa ane vizALa vanarAjIyukta kampAunDavALuM A vidyAdhAma amadAvAdanA yunivarsiTI vistAramAM AveluM che. 30 lAkhanA kharce eka vyavasthita myujhiyama paNa taiyAra thayuM che. inDolojImAM zilpa, sthApatya, mUrtividhAnakaLAnA aneka namUnAo, phoTogrApha, tAmrapatro ane zilAlekho vagerenA daza hajArathI paNa vadhu prAcIna vastunA namUnAo che. philma negeTiva mAikrophilma, rekarDajha, kaeNseTsa, phoTogrAphsa - e badhuM pAga inDolojIno eka samRddha bhAga che. pU. muni zrI puNyavijayajInI preraNAthI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAIe A bhAratIya saMskRtinA virala gaNAya evA avazeSone saMgrahavAnI ane enA abhyAsa mATenI yojanAne 1957mAM eka nakakara rUpa ApeluM. 11-05-63nA roja e vakhatanA vaDA pradhAna zrI javAharalAla naherue e vizALa suvidhApUrNa vidyAdhAmanuM uddaghATana kareluM. bhAratIya saMskRtino paricaya karAvatuM A eka kendra banI raheze, evI temanI apekSA kharI paDe, evI eka saMzodhaka-mArgadarzakaniyAmaka zreNI A vidyAmaMdirane sAMpaDI che e ApaNuM sadbhAgya che. prAraMbhamAM ke. kA. zAstrI, hariprasAda zAstrI, rasikalAla parIkha ane jitendra jeTalIe bahumUlya sevAo ApI. zrI dalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA ane DaoN. harivallabha bhAyANInI sevAo uparAMta, emAM DaoN. nagInabhAI zAha, tapasvI nAndInI sevAo paNa bhaLI che. hAlamAM A badhA vidvAno uparAMta aneka Page #37 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 22 hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana saMzodhana-adhikArIo, saMzodhaka-madadanIzo, saMzodhako A saMzodhana vidyAbhavaeNnamAM sakriyapaNe bhAratIya prApya vidyAomAM saMzodhanakArya karI rahyA che. vasudeva hiMDI', harivaMzapurANa', vAbhadAlaMkAravRtti" upara kAma cAlI rahyuM che. "saMbodhI" e vArSika mukhapatra che. jemAM saMzodhakonA saMzodhanalekho prakAzita thAya che. atyAra sudhImAM A ekasothI paNa vadhu saMkhyAmAM prakAzano prakAzita thayAM che, jemAMthI jaina sAhityanI samRddhino khyAla maLI rahe che. alabhya ane aprApya evI kaMI keTalIya hastaprato, citrAvaliyukta hastaprato, suvarNAkSarAMti prato ane sikkAo, mUrtio, tAmrapatro ahIM suvyavasthita rIte sacavAI rahelAM che. dezanA-videzanA aneka saMzodhako A mATe bhAratanA gujarAtamAM AvelA A vidyAdhAmanuM dvAra khakhaDAve che. 75 hajArathI paNa vadhu hastaprato je rIte adyatana vaijJAnika paddhatithI ahIM sacavAya che, te Adarza paddhati samagra bhAratamAM anukaraNIya banI che. koI paNa hastapratamAM kaI vigata lakhAyelI che, eno samaya, kartA enI badhI ja vigatovALuM eka keTaloga paNa prakAzita thayuM che. Ama ApaNA bahumUlya vArasAnuM atyaMta kALajIthI ahIM jatana thaI rahyuM che. prAkRta, apabhraMza, jUnI gujarAtI, saMskRta, hindI ane rAjasthAnI bhASAnI A hastapratomAM jaina ane jainetara sarjakoe je sarjana karyuM che, teno abhyAsa satata cAlI rahyo che. uparAMta prAcIna lipinAM hastaprata-vAcana-saMpAdananI tAlImanA abhyAsa-vargo paNa 'prAkRta vidyA maMDaLa'nA upakrame ahIM yojAtA rahe che. tatpariNAme, abhyAsIo eka AgavI zista ane paddhatithI pUrA paricita thaIne, A kSetramAM vadhu pramANamAM rasa letA thayA che, kArya karatA thayA che. pU. muni zrI puNyavijayajI, muni zrI devasUrijI, muni zrI kIrtisUrijI, muni zrI mAlavyavijayajI, zeTha ANaMdajI kalyANajI vagerenA samRddha hastapratabhaMDAro A saMsthAne prApta thayA che. ceramena zrI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAInuM eka svapna hatuM ke jainavighAsAhityano, saMskRtino, sthApatyano UMDo abhyAsa thAya, emAM saMzodhano thAya. cunIbhAI cimanabhAI TrasTI maMDaLamAM che ane zreNikabhAI kastUrabhAI A saMsthAnA maMtrIzrI che. karoDo rUpiyAnI kiMmatanI A askAmata UbhI karavAnuM jALavavAnuM ane ene abhyAsamUlaka dizAmAM gatimAna karavA mATenuM kastUrabhAInuM valaNa-svapna abhinaMdanAI che. saMpattino Avo suMdara viniyoga Page #38 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prAcIna gujarAtI hastaprato : jatana-saMrakSaNanI paddhati ane itihAsa 23 karIne temAge UbhI karelI A saMsthAnI jainadharmanAM sAhitya, tattvajJAna, saMskRti ane sthApatyanA jijJAsue mulAkAta levA jevI che. ' atyaMta mahattvanA ane jANItA sthAnane viSaye A to sAmAnya paricaya che. paNa pratyeka jUnA sthAne derAsara-upAzrayamAM prAcIna hastapratanA bhaMDAro che. pAlitANAmAM, bhAvanagaramAM ane kacchamAM bahumUlya hastaprato chUTIchavAI sacavAI rahI che. A tamAma bhaMDAronI eka yAdI thavI joIe. emAMnI hastapratonI saMkhyA ane sUci paNa joIe. AvI eka vyavasthita saMkalita sUcinI AvazyakatA che. 7:1 : gujarAtano rAjakIya, sAMskRtika ane sAmAjika itihAsa racavA, lakhavA mATe khUba ja mahatvanI sAmagrI prAcIna-jUnI hastapratomAMthI prApta thaI che. bhAratanA anya prAMta karatAM ApaNe tyAM jUnI hastaprato pramANamAM khUba sArI evI saMkhyAmAM sacavAyelI che, jene kAraNe IsavIsananI agiyAramIthI ogaNIsamI sadInA aMta bhAga sudhInI kaMI keTalIya vigato, purAvA, dastAvejo prAcIna hastaprato dvArA sulabha thayAM ane ApaNA prAMtanA rAjakIya, sAMskRtika ane sAmAjika itihAsa mATenI ghaNI vigato abhyAsIo samakSa prastuta karI zakyA. 7:2 : bIjI mahatvanI bAbata hatI ApaNI gujarAtI bhASAnuM aitihAsika vyAkarANa taiyAra karavAnI. AvuM vyAkaraNa ApaNe A prAcIna jUnI hastapratane kArAge taiyAra karI zakyA chIe. bhAratanI koI bhASAmAM agiyAramIthI paMdaramI sadI sudhInI je te prAMtanI bhASAnuM aitihAsika vyAkaraNa nathI. jyAre ApaNe tyAM mAtra saikA saikAnI nahIM paraMtu dAyakA dAyakAnI racanA samayanA nirdezavALI hastaprato vipula mAtrAmAM sulabha hoIne gujarAtI bhASAnuM aitihAsika vyAkaraNa taiyAra karI zakAyuM. Ama, prAcIna hastaprato atyaMta mahattvanI ane pramANabhUta evI sAmagrI saMzodhakone pUrI pADe che. emAMthI ApaNA saMskAravArasAnAM aneka udAharaNo prApta thatAM hoIne enuM mUlya jeTaluM AMkIe eTaluM ochuM che. 7:3 : vastupAla-yazovijaya jevA aneka mahatvanA mahApuruSonA hastAkSarovALI prAcIna hastaprato Aje paNa sacavAyelI che. bIjI paNa keTalIya sacitra hastaprato sacavAyelI che. emAMthI bhAratIya citrakaLAnA Page #39 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 24 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana vikAsanA aneka tabakakAono khyAla maLI rahe ema che. jamInamAM pANI kyAM che?' thI mAMDIne mAnavajIvananA UThatA aneka praznonA samAdhAnarUpa uttaro A hastapratomAMthI maLe che. (8). 8:1 : A nava saikA daramiyAnanI prAcIna hastaprato chellAM pAMca saikAnA rAjakIya dastAvejo eTale ke vahIvaTI daphatara tarIke oLakhAvAtI sAmagrI karatAMya vadhu mahattvanI che. ApaNe tyAM chellAM pAMca saikAnAM daphataronA aitihAsika rAjakIya dastAvejonI jALavaNI mATe paNa vyavasthita evuM taMtra che. enA saMrakSaNa ane jatana mATenI vaijJAnika paddhatio apanAvAI che, e ApaNI sarakAranI eka atyaMta mahattvanI ane dhyAnArha bAbata che. emAMthI udAharaNa laIne uttarapradeza, himAcalapradeza, rAjasthAna Adi rAjyo paNa A dizAmAM pravRtta thayAM che. 8:2 : Ama, daphatara saMrakSaNanI kAmagIrI e ApaNI sarakAranuM mahatvanuM kArya che. paraMtu ApaNe tyAM kaMI keTalAya saikAthI sacavAtI AvelI prAcIna jUnI hastapratonI jALavaNI mATe - saMrakSaNa mATe koI vyavasthita taMtra nathI. A bAbata tarapha emanuM dhyAna ApaNe pAga AjasudhI khecyuM nathI. pariNAme sAcavI rAkhelI hastapratonuM jatana karI na zakavAne kAraNe, jIrNazIrNa thaI gaI che, naSTaprAya thaI rahI che. jo vahelI take sarakAra zrI taraphathI enA jatanasaMrakSaNa mATe vyavasthA nahIM thAya ane tene mATe niyamita rUpe anudAna nahIM maLe, to ApaNe bahu gumAvavAnuM raheze ane bhAvi peDhInA saMzodhakono ApaNe bahu moTo droha kayo gaNAze. 9:1 : gujarAtamAM hastapratonI jALavaNI be prakAranAM hastaprata saMrakSaNa kendro dvArA thAya che : eka to, sarakArazrI sAthe saMkaLAyela saMsthAonA hastaprata bhaMDAro ane bIjA dhArmika-sAmAjika saMsthAo hastakanA hastaprata bhaMDAro. prathama prakAranA hastaprata bhaMDAro gujarAtamAM mAtra cha che. amadAvAdamAM traNa, vaDodarAmAM eka, dvArakAmAM eka ane rAjakoTamAM eka bIjA prakAranA hastaprata bhaMDAronI sAcI mAhitI paNa ApaNI pAse nathI, eTalI vipula saMkhyAmAM hastaprato A bhaMDAromAM che, ane mAtra saurASTranAM saMta dharmasthAnonA copaDAvALI hastapratonI sarvekSaNanI yojanA karIe to prAthamika mAhitIrUpe sahastrAdhika sthAnonI yAdI Page #40 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prAcIna gujarAtI hastaprato : jatana-saMrakSaNanI paddhati ane itihAsa 25 ame banAvI. darekamAMthI ochAmAM ochI soeka hastaprato maLe, topaNa ekAda lAkha jeTalI hastaprato thAya. A uparAMta amadAvAda, pATaNa, khaMbhAta, chANI, agAsa, vaDodarA ane rAjakoTa jevAM sthAnonA jaina bhaMDAronI samRddhithI to ApaNe vAkepha chIe. kacchamAM paNa vipula mAtrAmAM jaina-jainetara lekhakonI hastaprato che. sAmAjika saMsthAonI pAse paNa vipula pramANamAM prAcIna hastaprato sacavAyelI che. A badhI saMsthAo to samAjamAMthI anudAna meLavIne potAnI pAsenA jJAnavArasAnuM jatana karI rahI che. paNa teo paNa keTalo samaya sudhI tema karI zakaze, e moTo prazna che. tAjetaramAM phArbasa gujarAtI sabhA taraphathI hastapratonI jALavaNInA kharcane pahocI vaLavA mATe bhAyANI sAheba jevA vizvavikhyAta saMzodhako sAme Tahela nAkhI che. prabodha parIkha jevA bhAratakhyAta tattvajJAnI saMzodhake paNa A TahelamAM potAno samaya Apyo che. Akhare, AvA kArya mATe pratisAda paNa kyAM sudhI maLaze ? 9:2 : citra bahu dhUMdhaLuM che ane ghaNuM bAkI paNa che. gujarAtanA gAmegAmanA hastaprata bhaMDAronI yAdI hoya ane e badhA bhaMDAromAM sacavAyelI pratonI yAdI paga hoya, e khUba ja jarUrI che. sAmAjika saMsthAno ane dharma saMsthAno nirdhArita rIte hastapratonI jALavaNI mATe hastapratonI saMkhyAne AdhAre anudAnanI rakama nakkI karAya ane sarakArazrI sAthe saMlagna hastaprata bhaMDAro ke jemane samAjano paNa pratisAda nathI temane niyamita rIte anudAna maLe emAM saMzodhana adhikArIo, hastaprata nirIkSako, hastaprata saMrakSakonI jagyAo maMjUra karavAmAM Ave ane prAMtamAM patharAyela hastaprata bhaMDAronI yAdI banAvavAnuM kAma koIne sopavAmAM Ave e pAyAnI ane prAthamika AvazyakatAo che. (10) hastapratonI jALavaNIno AjasudhIno paNa eka moTo itihAsa che. enI keTalIka mAhitIthI kevA mahAna saMzodhako-vidvAnoe te mATe kevuM noMdhapAtra mArgadarzana ApyuM che eno khyAla Ave che. rAjavIo, videzI vahIvaTadAro, saMzodhako ane saMsthAoe A kAryamAM kevuM yogadAna ApyuM che e TUMkamAM joIe. Page #41 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ku hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMAdana 10:1 : siddharAja jayasiMhanA ane kumArapALanA samayathI hastapratalekhana ane enA bhaMDAranI jatananI pravRttinI vigato purAvAo sAthe maLe che. e pUrve paNa A pravRtti to astitvamAM haze ja. enI dIrdha pUrvaparaMparA paNa hovI joIe. paraMtu enA zraddheya purAvAo nathI. eTale vikramanA bAramA saikAthI vIsamA saikAnA pUrvArdha sudhIno prAcIna hastapratonI jALavaNIno ane samuddhArano eka ujjavaLa itihAsa ApaNI pAse mojUda che. siddharAjanI sAhityaprIti, graMthasamAna, hemacaMdrAcAryanA vyAkaraNanI seMkaDo prato lakhAvIne ene bhinna bhinna prAMtanA hastaprata bhaMDArone mokalI ApelI, vagere hakIkatonA aneka ullekho tatkAlIna tathA anukAlIna kRtionI hastapratomAM maLe che. siddharAja pachI kumArapALe paNa graMthabhaMDAronI sthApanA karyAnA ane temanI jALavaNI mATe puSkaLa prayatno karyAnA ullekha maLe che. e pachI rAjA vIradhavalanA samayamAM mahAmAtya vastupAle karoDo rUpiyAnA kharce graMthabhaMDAronI sthApanA karAvelI ane emAM rAkhavA mATe mahattvanI hastapratonI nakalo paNa karAvelI. e samayanI, e graMthabhaMDAronI tADapatranI pratomAMnI 'dharmAbhyudaya' racanA Aje paNa upalabdha che. pUrvakAlIna A badhA prayatnone kAraNe to Aje ApaNI pAse citra, zilpa jevI anya vidyAo vize paNa jANakArI che. apabhraMzamAMthI gujarAtI, marAThI, rAjasthAnI, hindI ane baMgALI kevI rIte janmI eno zraddheya itihAsa maLe che. teramA saikAnuM kumArapALa ane hemacaMdrAcAryanuM suprasiddha citra paNa hastaprata bhaMDAronI jALavaNIne kAraNe Aje ApaNI pAse che. 10:2 : hastapratonI jALavaNInA kAryamAM rAjavIo uparAMta aMgreja amaladAroe paNa bhAre yogadAna ApyuM che. teo zAsana vahIvaTa uparAMta AvA saMskAra vArasAnI jALavaNInA kAryamAM paNa rasa letA hatA, e emanI saMskAraprItinuM ane sAhityaprItinuM udAharaNa che. I.sa. 1832mAM karnala ToDe pATaNanI hastapratono khajAno joIne tenA jatana mATe madadarUpa thavA udgAro kADhelA ke aNahilavADamAM be vastuo mahattvanI che. eka vanarAjanI mUrti ane bIjAM jaina pustakAlayo. A 1873mAM eNlekajhAnDara phinloka phArbase tathA 1875mAM DaoN. jyorja bulhare pATaNanI mulAkAta lIdhelI ane tyAMnA hastaprata bhaMDAromAMnI keTalIya Page #42 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prAcIna gujarAtI hastaprato : jatana-saMrakSANanI paddhati ane itihAsa 27 hastapratonI nakala karAvelI. pachI muMbaI sarakArane nivedana karIne 1886mAM pro. kathapaTe tathA pro. bhAMDArakara pAse hastapratonI sUci karAvIne jALavaNI mATe vyavasthA sUcavelI. vaDodarA rAjya taraphathI 1892mAM maNilAla nabhubAI trivedI sayAjIrAva gAyakavADanI AjJAthI aneka mahattvanI hastapratonI nakalo karAvIne enA anuvAdo ane prakAzana paNa karyA hatAM. 1883mAM DaoN. piTarsane paNa prAcIna hastapratonI jALavaNI mATe muMbaI sarakAranI AjJAthI prayatno karelA, nakalo karelI ane sUci taiyAra karAvelI. 10:3 : sarakArI amaladAro ane sarakArane Azraye, emanA protsAhanathI, thayelA prayatnonI vigato nodhI, paNa e uparAMta ane saMzodhako dvArA samAjasaMghanI madadathI ane svarUcithI paNa hastaprata jALavaNInAM ane enA samuddhAranAM kAryo thayelAM. zrI sI. DI. dalAle pravartaka zrI kAntivijayajInA ziSya maMDaLanI sahAyathI aneka durlabha hastaprato meLavI ane emanA saMrakSaNa mATe vaDodarAmAM prAcya vidyAmaMdiranI sthApanA karavAmAM AvI. gAyakavADa oNrienTala sirIjha' nAmanI graMthamALA heThaLa hastapratanI sUcio tathA mahattvanI kRtio prakAzita karavAnuM noMdhapAtra kArya kareluM, e kArya tUrta ja yAda Ave che. muni zrI puNyavijayajIe A hastapratonA saMrakSaNanI. sUcikaraNanI A pravRttimAM bahu moTuM yogadAna ApyuM che. amadAvAdanI ela. DI. insTiTayUTa oNpha inDolojI emanI preraNAnuM pariNAma che. hastapratonI jALavaNInI eka ekatrIkaraNanI tathA nakalonI kAmagIrImAM paNa temanuM mahattvanuM pradAna che. ela. DI. sirIjha heThaLa mahatvanI kRtionuM prakAzana paNa thatuM rahe che. AvuM ja bIjuM mahatvanuM pradAna muni zrI jinavijayajInuM che. gUjarAta vidyApIThamAM gujarAta purAtatva maMdira' heThaLa temaNe je pravRtti karI ane madhyakAlIna gadyakRtio, padyakRtionA uddhAra mATe temaNe je prayatno karyA enI bhArata ane bhArata bahAra paNa nodha levAI che, hastapratonA saMrakSaNa uparAMta temanA prakAzananI kAmagIrI emanI UMDI sUjha ane prAcIna hastaprato paratvenI prItinI ghAtaka che. 'siMdhI jaina graMthamALA' dvArA bhAratIya vidyAbhavana, muMbaI ane zAMtiniketananA mAdhyamathI paNa temaNe hastapratonA samuddhAra mATenI pravRttio karelI. emanI A sevAone kAraNe ApaNe emanA RNI rahIzuM. Page #43 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 28 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana 10:4 : phArbasa gujarAtI sabhA' e paNa madhyakAlIna hastapratonA saMrakSaNa ane saMpAdanamAM bahu moTuM yogadAna ApyuM che. have enI zAkhA amadAvAdamAM paNa zarU thaI che. evuM ja pradAna bho. je. vidyAbhavana, amadAvAda'nuM che. hastapratonI jALavaNInuM tenuM kArya prazasya che. saurASTra yunivarsiTInA AraMbhathI ja Agha kulapati DolararAya mAMkaDe prAcIna hastapratonA ekatrIkaraNanI, saMrakSaNanI ane prakAzananI pravRtti hAtha dharelI. viziSTa rUpanI eTale khAsa karIne sAhitya ane rAjakIya viSayanI cArANI hastapratono ane vahIvaMcA bAroTanI vahIono vipula bhaMDAra atre che. sUcipatro tathA aneka kRtionAM prakAzano thayelAM che, tathA 'jhaveracaMda meghANI graMthamALA" heThaLa bIjAM paNa mahattvanAM prakAzano thayAM che. A to saMsthAonA pradAnano Acho ullekha karyo. ane abhyAsaniSTha saMpAdakoe paNa hastapratonA uddhAra mATenA saMpAdana kAryamAM tathA prakAzanamAM potAnI sevAo ApI che. e badhA saMzodhaka-saMpAdakonI sevAonI paNa nodha levI joIe. hastaprata saMrakSaNa jatananuM svarUpa ane paddhatino paricaya mahattvanI hastaprato jALavatA keTalAka jaina hastaprata bhaMDArono TUMko paricaya ane hastaprata saMrakSaNanI saMpAdananI kAmagIrInI saikAo jUnI ApaNI samRddha paraMparAno aitihAsika abhigamathI atre paricaya prastuta karyo. ene AdhAre khyAla Ave che ke saMskRtinA mahattvanA dastAveja tarIke A kSetra keTaluM mahatvanuM che. ApaNAM sAhitya, itihAsa ane anya viSayonA abhyAsamAM e eka mahatvanI zraddheya sAmagrI tarIke khapamAM lAge tema che. enA vyavasthita rUpamAM abhyAsanI kharI AvazyakatA che. AkhA gujarAtamAM eka sAMkaLarUpa bane tevA prayatno - kAryakramo yojavA joIe. A mATe prAthamika AvazyakatA to tamAma hastapratonA bhaMDAronI eka sUcinI che. pachI sarvagrAhI sUcinI paNa evI ja AvazyakatA che. paraMtu A mATe tAlImanI jogavAI nathI. tAlIma kendra dvArA saMzodhana ane svAdhyAyane samarpita abhyAsIonI paNa bahu moTI AvazyakatA che. TekanaoNlojInA vikAsamAM adyatana suvidhAo upalabdha thaI paNa enI sAthe kAma pADI zake evA saMniSTha abhyAsIonI to anivArya AvazyakatA che. puNyavijayajI mahArAja sAhebanA janma zatAbdI varSamAM ApaNe Tahela nAkhIe. maLI raheze evI pUrNa zraddhA che. paNa "yojako sarvatra durlabha anusAra mULa hakIkata to Ayojana- saMyojakanI che. maLaze? Page #44 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 4. hastapratonA prakAro ane sva - caMdrakAMtAbahena ha. bhaTTa graMthalekhananAM sAdhanomAM lipine dazyarUpa ApatAM tema ja tene vyakta karatAM vividha sAdhanomAM lipinA AsanarUpe gaNI zakAya tevA bhUpatra, tADapatra mukhyatve che. prAcIna hastagraMtho A ja lakhavAnA padArtho paranAM maLe che. bhUpatra e bhUrja nAmanA vRkSanI aMdaranI chAla che. bhUpatra lAMbA, pahoLA nIkaLI Ave che. lekhaka potAnI icchA anusAra laMbAI pahoLAInAM pAnAM banAve che. te rIte tADapatrone paNa jarUrI kadanAM patromAM kApI levAmAM AvatAM. sAmAnya rIte tADapatro ekathI traNa phUTa lAMbA ane ekathI cAra IMca pahoLA hoya che. uttara bhAratanA keTalAka bhUrjapatro ane tAmrapatro A kadanAM hoya che. je cokhkhI tADapatranI asara darzAve che. bhUpatra ane tADapatra e naisargika padArthone upayogamAM levAmAM AvatA hovAthI tenI achata bhaugolika dRSTie rahetI. lekhaka potAnI jarUriyAta mujaba bhUrjapatra tema ja tADapatrano upayoga karatA ane kApakUpa karIne patrone kada pramANe upayogamAM laI letA. AthI patronA kadane laIne hastalikhita graMthomAM vividhatA rahetI. hastalikhita graMthone prakAranI dRSTie be vibhAgamAM vaheMcI zakAya che : (1)AMtarika prakAro (2)bAhyaprakAro AMtarika prakAro : hastalikhita pratonA AMtarika prakAro tenA rUpavidhAnanI dRSTie pADavAmAM Ave che. AMtarika prakAromAM pustakanuM bAhya svarUpa sAduM chatAM sAmAnya lAge to paNa prato tapAsatAM temAM navInatA jovA maLe che. A navInatA lAgavAnA kAraNa pAchaLa lekhakanI cIvaTa, khUbI tathA ruci rahelI hoya che. teno koI vizeSa artha 29 Page #45 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 30 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana hoto nathI. uparAMta lekhake lakhavAmAM karela zAhInA mAdhyamanA kAraNe tema ja teno upayoga karanAra sAdhu hoya ke gRhastha hoya tenI sugamatAne kAraNe vividha AMtarika navInatA dekhAya che.' hastaprata lekhanamAM pustakonA AMtarika prakAro lakhANanI paddhati parathI pADavAmAM Ave che. temAM tripATa ke tripATha, paMcapATa ke paMcapATha, phUDa ke zUDha, citrapustaka, suvarNAkSarI, raukhAkSarI, sUkSmAkSarI ane skUlAkSarIno samAveza thAya che. A pustakonA prakAro ke bhedo ke nAmo kAgaLa para pustaka-lekhananI zarUAta thayA pachI pADavAmAM AvyAM che. tripATa ke tripATha: A prakAranA pATa ke pAThamAM pRSThane traNa bhAgamAM vahecI nAkhavAmAM Ave che. jemAM pustakanA madhya bhAgamAM moTA akSarathI mULa graMtha ane tenI upara ane nIce tenI TIkA, TAbo ke vyAkhyA lakhavAmAM Ave che. AvI rIte eka pRSThane traNa bhAgamAM ke pAThamAM vaheMcI nAkhavAmAM AvatuM hovAthI tene tripATa ke tripATha kahevAmAM Ave che. paMcapATa ke paMcapATha: je koI pRSThane pAMca bhAgamAM vaheMcIne lakhavAmAM Ave tene paMcapATa ke paMcapATha kahe che. A jAtanA pustakanI madhyamAM moTA akSarathI mULa graMtha, tenI upara ane nIce ane banne bAjunA hAMsiyAmAM TIkA ke TabArtha lakhavAmAM Ave che. A rIte pAMca vibhAge pustaka lakhAtuM hovAthI rUpavidhAnanI daSTie tene paMcapATa ke paMcapATha kahe che. je pustako hAthInI sUMDhanI peThe mULa sUtra, TIkA Adino koI paNa jAtano vibhAga paDyA vinA saLaMga lakhavAmAM Ave tene phUDa ke zUDha pustaka tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che. munizrI puNyavijayajInA mate tripATa ane paMcapATa tarIke evA graMtho lakhI zakAya ke jenA upara TIkA TippaNI hoya. je graMtho upara TIkA TippaNI nathI hotI te "phUDa' rUpe ja lakhAya che, paNa tene mATe "phUDa' zabdano prayoga thato nathI. "zUDa' zabdano prayoga saLaMga lakhAyelA TIkAtmaka Page #46 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastapratonA prakAro ane svarUpa 31 graMtho mATe ja thAya che. jyAre DaoN. satyendra batAve che ke je pustakanuM lakhANa hAthInI sUMDha' nI mAphaka lAge tene sUDa-pATha kahevAya che. Ama uparanI paMkti badhAthI moTI hoya che. tenI pachInI paMktio anukrame nAnI ne nAnI banne taraphathI thatI jAya che. sauthI chellI paMkti sauthI nAnI hoya che. ane AthI lakhANanuM svarUpa hAthInI sUMDhano AkAra dhAraNa kare che. A phakata lekhakanI ke lipikAranI potAnI ruci prakaTa kare che. paraMtu A prakAranA graMtha jovA maLatA nathI. joke kAlidAse kumArasaMbhavamAM sarga naM.1 zloka naM.3mAM kuMjabiMduzoNathI AvA ja pustakanI taraphano nirdeza pragaTa karyo che." ahIM atre noMdhavuM jarUrI che ke I.sa.nI caudamI sadInA prAraMbhathI tripATa, paMcapATa lakhavAnI prathA dAkhala thaI che. te pahelAM sUtra, niryukti, bhASya, TIkA vagere pustako judAM lakhAtAM hatAM ane tyAre eka graMthanA abhyAsArthIne potAnA abhyAsa mATe judI judI pratomAM najara nAMkhavI paDatI. trikoNapATha: lekhakanI potAnI ruci anusAranI lekhanakAryanI pRSTa racanA trikoNa pAThamAM paNa maLI zake che. uparanI sauthI pahelI paMkita AkhI ane eka bAju hAMsiyA rekhAnI sAthe pratyeka bIjI paMkitao aDIne lakhAyelI hoya paNa bIjI bAjuthI thoDI nAnI thatI jaIne chellI paMkti ekadama nAnI banI jAya che. A prakAranA pRSThamAM trikoNa- pATha prastuta thAya che. joke Ano koI vizeSa artha nathI paNa lekhakanI rucinI pratika che. rUpa vidhAnanI daSTie to tripATa ane paMcapATha bannenuM ja mahattva che. kAraNe ke bIjA anya pAThathI vizeSa abhiprAyathI te juduM paDe che.' citrapustaka : tADapatrIya hastapratonA graMthonA pAnAMonI vacce dorI ke sUtra nAMkhavAne mATe goLa chidra karavAmAM Ave che. ane lakhANa lakhatI vakhate vaccenI jagyAmAM A nimitte goLAkAra ke corasa sthAna choDIne lakhavAmAM AvatuM. Ane AdhAre keTalAka lekhako graMtha lakhatAM akSaronI vacamAM evI cIvaTathI ane khUbIthI khAlI jagyA choDe che ke jethI aneka jAtanI citra cokaDIo, vaja, Page #47 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 32 hastaprata vidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana chatra, svastika vagerenI AkRtio tema ja lekhake dhArelI vyakitanuM nAma, zloka, gAthA vagere daSTigocara thAya che. A ja pramANe keTalAka lekhako upara jaNAvyuM tema lakhANanI vacamAM khAlI jagyA na mUkatA, kALI zAhIthI lakhatA lakhANanI vacamAM amuka amuka akSarone evI cIvaTathI ane khUbIthI lAla zAhI vaDe lakhe che ke jethI tene jonAra e lakhANamAM aneka prakAranI citrAkRtio tema ja nAma, zloka vagere joI zake. kAraNake lAla zAhInA upayogane lIdhe te AkRtio judI tarI Ave che. keTalIka vAra kalpasUtra jevAM pustakomAM vacamAM kANuM pADavAnI jagyA rAkhavAmAM Ave che, tyAM kalpasUtrane lagatAM suMdara nAnA citro paNa doravAmAM Ave che. tevI rIte graMtha ke graMthanA khaMDanI samApti dhyAnamAM lAvavA mATe vividha citrAkRtio karavAmAM Ave che. suvarNAkSarI ane rokhAkSarI pustako : A prakAra zAhInA mAdhyamane lIdhe alaga paDe che. A be jAtanI zAhIthI lakhatAM pahelAM graMthonA pAnAMne pahelAM lAla, kALAM, vAdaLI ke jAMbalI vagere gherA raMgathI raMgI levAmAM Ave che. kAraNake tethI kAgaLanI pazcAdabhUmikAmAMthI akSaro caLakatA alaga bahAra UpasI Ave. khAsa prakAre taiyAra karela sonerI rUperI zAhIthI lakhatAM pahelAM kAgaLane akIka, koDA ke kasoTI vagerenA ghUMTAthI ghUMTatA e lakhANa barobara opadAra banI jatuM. A jAtanAM pustakonAM pAnAMmAM lakhANanI AsapAsa citrAkRtio karavAmAM AvatI ane lakhavAmAM pAga aneka jAtanI bhAto ane khUbIo darzAvavAmAM AvatI. sonerI-rUperI zAhIthI lakheluM tADapatrIya pustaka Aje vidyamAna che. gujarAtamAM kumArapALadeve jaina AgamonI ane AcArya hemacaMdranI racanAone sonerI zAhIthI potAnA jJAnakoSa mATe lakhAvI hatI. A pratio tADapatrIya haze ke kAgaLa paranI te nizcita nathI. paNa eTaluM to cokkasa che ke Ane lakhAvato eka varga hato je suvarNAkSare ke ropyAkSare lakhAyelAM pustakonuM mahatva ane mUlya vadhArI deto hato. AvAM pustako tene lakhAvanAranI rucI samRddhinAM sUcaka gaNAya che. A prakAranAM pustakone sAmAnya paripATInA graMtho mAnavAmAM nathI AvatAM. A jAtanA graMtho khUba ja virala che. je hAla maLI Ave che te badhAM ja kAgaLa paranAM che. ane te badhA vi.saM. 140 pachInA che. A banne prakAranI zAhIthI lakhAyelAM Page #48 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastapratonA prakAro ane svarUpa 33 pustakomAM mukhyatve karIne kalpasUtra' ane kAlikAcArya-kathA' hoya che. zrI haMsavijyajInA vaDodarAnA saMgrahamAM AvelI kalpasUtranI suvarNAkSarI prata I.sa. 1464-65mAM lakhAyelI che. sonarI zAhI karatAM cAMdInI zAhIno upayoga graMtho lakhavAmAM ocho thayo che. cAMdInI zAhIthI lakhAyelI pratio kavacit ja maLe che. sUmAkSarI ane skUlAkSarI pustako : akSara khUba ja nAnA paNa hoI zake che ne moTA paNa hoI zake che. AnA AdhAra para sUkSmAkSarI pustako ane sthUlAkSara pustakonA bheda pADavAmAM AvyA che. sUrmAkSara pustakono ghaNo ja upayoga che. jema ke paMcapAThamAM vacceno vibhAga choDIne AjubAjunA vibhAgamAM sUkSmAkSara lakhAya che. jethI paMcapATha eka ja pAnA upara AvI zake che. A ja pramANe pAkanA mULa aMzanI sAthe eka ja pAnA upara enAM TIkA-TippaNa AvI zake che.' uparAMta sUkSmAkSaramAM lakheluM pustaka kadamAM nAnuM hoya che. AthI vihArI jaina sAdhune te laI javAmAM ghaNI ja saraLatA rahe che. kAraNake pustakono bhAra paNa nA thAya ane padapAThanamAM sugamatA rahe. A kAraNathI teo rastAmAM upayogI graMthonI pothIo nAnI banAvatA ane jhINA akSare lakhatA ane lakhAvatA. kAgaLanA pustakanA jamAnAmAM A jAtanA lakhANano ghANo ja vikAsa thayo che. jyAM phakta cAra lITI lakhI zakAya tyAM 10 thI paNa vadhAre lITIo lakhavAmAM AvI hoya che. tADapatrIya pratomAM TIkA, TippaNo, pAThabhedo ane pachI gayelA pATho ghaNIvAra atyaMta jINA akSare lakhavAmAM AvatA paNa sUkSmAkSarI pustakonI bAbatamAM AkhuM pustaka jhINA akSare lakhAyuM hoya tene lakSyamAM levAmAM Ave che. akSarono AkAra eTalo to nAnAmAM nAno karavAmAM Avato ke te akSarone vAMcavA sUkSmadarzaka kAcanI jarUra paDe. AvA akSaro lakhavAnI kaLA pachI vadhu vikasI che.* QlAkSarI pustako moTA moTA akSare lakhAya che. AthI TUMkI dRSTivALA vAcakone suvidhA rahe che. sAmAnya rIte pustako madhyasaranA akSaromAM ja lakhAya che, ane lakhAvavAmAM Ave che. paraMtu kalpasUtra ane kAlikAcArya kathA jevAM pustako je paryuSaNa parvamAM ekI zvAse vegabaddha vAMcavAnA hoya tene sthUla moTA akSare lakhavAmAM Ave che. jethI vAMcavAmAM aTaka na thAya ane akSara para AMkha Page #49 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 34 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana barAbara Take. sthUlAkSarI pustako lakhavAno vikAsa kAgaLanA yugamAM ja thayo che." kotarelA akSaravALAM pustako : A jAtanAM pustako taiyAra karavAmAM zAhIno upayoga bilakula karavAmAM Avato nathI. jema sAdA korA kAgaLane kApIne jema vRkSa, velabuTTA vagere AkRtio banAvavAmAM Ave che. tema kAgaLa para akSaro kotarIne pustako taiyAra karavAmAM Ave che. AmAM lakhavAnA padArtha upara eTale ke kAgaLa para akSara korI kADhelA hoya che. A pramANe kotarIne taiyAra karelI kavi jayadeva kRta 'gItagoviMda' kAvyanI prata gAyakavADa oNrienTala insTiTyUTamAM surakSita che." citrAtmaka pustako : citrapustakonI bAbatamAM tene sajAvaTa karavAmAM dorAyelA citronA mAdhyama dvArA be vibhAga pADavAmAM Ave che. (1) phakata pRSThane suzobhana karavAnI vRttine lIdhe (2) saMdarbhagata upayogane lIdhe dorelA citrone lIdhe eTale ke "sacitra hastaprato" (1) suzobhanAtmaka pustako : suzobhanAtmaka pustakone aneka rIte sajAvavAmAM Ave che. eka prakAramAM graMthanA pratyeka pRSThanI cAre bAjunA hAMsiyAne phUlapAna athavA bhaumitika AkRtiothI tathA pazupakSIonI AkRtiothI sajAvavAmAM AvatuM. bIjA prakAramAM AraMbhamAM jyAM pupikA ApavAmAM AvelI hoya che, athavA adhyAyanA aMte phUla, vela, pattiovALI azokacaka jevI AkRtio, bhaumitika AkRtio ane pazupakSIonI AkRtiothI pRSTha athavA pustakane suzobhanAtmaka banAvavAmAM AvatuM. pRSThanA madhyabhAganI jagyA choDIne paNa citro banAvavAmAM AvatAM. AmAM aneka jAtanAM suzobhanAtmaka cako uparAMta manuSyanI athavA pazunI AkRtionAM citro doravAmAM AvatAM. A badhI jAtanAM citro lipikAra ke lekhakanI lekhana kalAnuM kauzalya pradarzita kare che. A uparAMta tADapatravALI ja hastapratone vacamAM dorI nAMkhavA mATe je chidra rAkhavAmAM AvatuM te goLAkAra jagyAne vividha rIte Page #50 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastapratonA prakAro ane svarUpa sajAvavAmAM AvatI. jUnAmAM jUnI zvetAMbara saMpradAyanI nizIthacUrNi' pratA (I. sa. 110) pATaNanA saMghavInA pADAnA bhaMDAramAM maLI AvelI che. A hastapratamAM suzobhanAtmaka velabuTTAnI sAthe pazuonI AkRti paNa citarelI che. I. sa. 1100thI 1400 sudhInI citrita suzobhanAtmaka hastaprato maLe che. temAM aMgasUtra (I. sa. 1127), kathAratnasAgara (I. sa. 1250), triSaSTizalAkA - puruSacaritra (I. sa. 1238), zrI neminAthacarita (I. sa. 1242), zrAvaka pratikramaNamUrNi (I. sa. 1271) mukhya che. je amerikAnA bosTana myujhiyamamAM saMgRhita che. (2) saMdarbhagata citrothI sajAvelAM pustako : A jAtanAM pustakomAM citro eka ja zAhIthI athavA vividha zAhInA raMgothI pANa karelAM hoya che. AvI sacitra hastapratovALAM pustakomAM saMdarbhagata citro doravAmAM Ave che. jema ke nRtyanATyazAstranAM pustakamAM zarIranAM aMgopAMganAM halana calananAM citro ApavAmAM Ave che, ane e ja rIte hAthanI mudrAo apAya che, 'rAgamAlA" ne lagatA saMgItanAM pustakamAM amUrta rAgarAgINInAM citro jovA maLe che. AvAM citro pustakonA viSayanA pratipAdanane mATe tene dakSAtmaka banAvavAmAM upayogI thAya che. eTale ja 'rAgamAlA" ne klosa ebalige (Klaus Ebeling) bhAratIya drazyAtmaka ke cAkSuSa saMgIta kahyuM che. AvAM citrothI graMthamAM AvelI ghaTanAnuM dazyacitra banI zake che. AvAM pustakomAM pUrAM pRSThone paNa citrita karelAM hoya che. e sivAya AkhA pRSThanA uparanA aDadhA bhAgamAM, nIcenA aDadhA bhAgamAM, pRSThanA DAbI bAjunA uparanA cothA bhAgamAM ke DAbI bAjunA nIcenA cothA bhAgamAM citra banI zake che athavA pRSThanI vacce paNa tene banAvavAmAM Ave che. AmAM upara nIce lakhANa ane vacce citra hoya che athavA DAbI jamaNI bAju lakhANa ane vacce citra hoya che. koI koI vAra kAvyanA bhAvane pranTa karavA mATe citro ApavAmAM Ave che athavA kAvyano koI aMza citranI upara athavA nIce lakhavAmAM Ave che. jema ke "rAgamAlA pustakonAM citronI upara rAgonI oLakha aMgenuM lakhANa ApavAmAM Ave che. A dazyAtmaka saMgItanI asara UbhI kare che. A jAtanA citramAM te te kALanI citrakalAnuM svarUpe pragaTa thAya che. A kAraNane lIdhe A pustako bahumUlya che. Page #51 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 36 hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana bAhya prakAro : prAcIna hastalikhita prato ghaNuM karIne lAMbI tathA pAtaLI paTTIonA rUpamAM maLe che. ene ekanI upara eka ema rAkhIne gaDI banAvavAmAM AvatI. eka eka paTTIne eka eka patra gaNavAmAM Ave che. AthI bhUrja patra ane tADapatra para lakhAyelI hastapratonA pAnA 'patra' kahevAtAM. samaya jatAM kAgaLanI zodha thaI paNa graMtha lekhana mATe kAgaLanAM pustako tADapatrIya pustakanI laMbAI pahoLAI pramANe lakhAvavAM lAgyAM. prAcIna hastapratonA pAnAM chUTAM athavA khullAM patrAkAra pAnAnAM rUpamAM ja rAkhavAmAM AvatAM. AvA khullAM patro ke nAnA ke moTA hovAne lIdhe tenA AkAra parathI hastapratonA mukhya pAMca prakAra gaNavAmAM AvyA che. jaina bhASyakAra, cUrNikAra ane TIkAkAro je mAhitI pUrI pADe che, temAM paNa mukhya prakAro pAMca gaNAvyA che. temAM pustakonI AkRti ane mApane dhyAnamAM rAkhavAmAM AvyAM che:0 (1) gaMDI, (2) kacchapI, (3) muSTi, (4) saMpUTaphalaka, (5) chedapATI. gaMDI : je pustaka jADAI ane pahoLAImAM sarakhuM eTale ke cokhaMDu hoI lAMbuM (laMbacorasa) hoya te 'gaMDIpustaka' kahevAya che. 'gaMDI' zabdano artha gaMDIkA - kAtaLI thAya che. eTale ke pustaka gaMDIkA - UMDI jevuM hoya tene gaMDI pustaka kahevAya che. hastalikhita nAnAM moTAM tADapatrIya pustako ane tADapatrIya AkAranA kAgaLa upara lakhAyelAM pustakono 'gaMDI' prakAramAM samAveza thaI zake. kacchapI : je pustaka be bAjune cheDe sAMkaDuM ane vacamAM pahoLuM hoya tene 'kacchapI pustaka' kahevAya che. AvA pustakanA be bAjunA cheDA zaMkunA AkArane maLatA aNIdAra hovA joIe. hAla AvAM pustako kyAMya jovA maLatA nathI. muSTi : kadamAM nAnuM ane mUThThImAM rahI zake te pustakane 'muSTi-pustaka' kahevAya che. jenI laMbAI cAra AMgaLanI hoya ane vRttAkAra hoya athavA je cAra AgaLanuM Page #52 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 37 hastapratonA prakAro ane svarUpa cokhaMDu hoya te baMnene "puSTi pustaka' kahe che. AnA pahelA prakAranA dAkhalAmAM gAyakavADa oNrienTala insTiTayUTa vaDodarAnA saMgrahamAM vidyamAna 3577 naMbaranuM 'bhagavadgItA" nAmanuM pustaka che. A pustaka muThThImAM rAkhI zakAya tevuM hovAthI athavA mukInI jema goLa vALI zakAtuM hovAthI te 'muSTi pustaka' kahI zakAya. joke ahIM laMbAInuM mApa mAtra cAra AMgaLanuM ja jaNAvyuM che. tema chatAM nAnA kadamAM lakhAtA pustakono AmAM samAveza karI zakAya. jema ke haidarAbAdanA sAlArajaMga saMgrahAlayamAM eka IcanA kadavALuM (2.5 se.mI.) pustaka che. jeno samAveza 'muSTi-pustaka mAM karavAmAM Avelo che." bIjA prakAramAM atyAranI nAnI nAnI DAyarIo ke hAthapothI jevA likhita guTakAone gaNI zakAya. AmAM nAnA corasa ke laMbacorasa guTakAone muThThInI bevaDamAM rAkhI zakAya. tevAno 'muSTi-pustakanA prakAramAM samAveza karI zakAya. 22 saMpuTaphalaka : - lAkaDAnI pATIo upara lakhelA pustakanuM nAma "saMpuTaphalaka' che. sAmAnya rIte yaMtra, bhAMgA, samavasaraNa vigere citrovALI kASTapaTTikAone saMpuTaphalaka pustaka tarIke kahI zakAya athavA lAkaDAnI pATI upara lakhelA ane lakhAtA 'pustakane saMpuTaphalaka' kahI zakAya. chivADI : (chedapATI) 'chivADI prAkRta zabdanuM saMskRtarUpa ' chedapATI' che evuM muni puNyavijyajIe kahyuM che. jyAre keTalAka vidvAno gAthAmAM AvatA 'chivADI" zabdanuM saMskRtarUpa pATikA' kare che. je pustakanA pAnAM thoDAM hoI UMcAImAM thoDuM hoya che arthAt je pustaka laMbAImAM game teTaluM lAMbuM ke TUMkuM hoya paNa pahoLAI hovA chatAM tenI sarakhAmaNImAM jADAI ochI hoya eTale ke pustakanI UMcAI ochI hoya tenI chivADI- chedapATI-supATikA pustaka kahevAya che. AmAM lakhAyelA patronI saMkhyA ochI hovAne lIdhe tenI UMcAI ochI hoya che. kAgaLa para lakhAyelA A prakAranAM pustakono chedapATI' mAM samAveza thaI zake che. Page #53 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 38 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana uparyukta pAMca prakAro uparAMta bAhya prakAranAM 'kuMDaLInI-prakAra'no paNa samAveza thaI zake che. kuMDaLInI prakAra : uparanAM pustakonA je prakAra jayA temAM A eka mahattvano prakAra che. Ane aMgrejImAM Scroll kahe che. Aje jyotiSa-phaLa batAvatI janma- patrikAo kuMDaLI svarUpamAM jovA maLe che. te eka vIMTAnA svarUpamAM hoya che. bhAratamAM AvA kuMDaLIgraMtha lakhAtA hatA. 'bhAgavatapurANa" no kuMDaLI- graMtha je pAMca IMca (13 se.mI.) pahoLo ane 65 phUTa (20 mITara) lAMbo che te briTiza myujhiyamamAM surakSita che. vaDodarAnA prAcya vidyAmaMdiramAM hastalikhita sacitra saMpUrNa mahAbhAratanI prata che. A kuMDaLIgraMthamAM eka lAkha zloko che ane te 69.5 mITara lAMbuM ane 1.27 mITara pahoLuM che. AvA kuMDaLI graMthone goLa goLa vIMTAnI mAphaka vALIne tene piTaka (peTI) mAM rAkhavAmAM AvatAM. jainonA vijJami patro paNa kuMDaLI svarUpamAM hoya che. uparyukta cha prakAranA pustakonA AkAra temanA pAnAnA AkAra para AdhArita che. kAraNake kudaratI prApya sAdhanomAMthI je vRkSanI chAla ke pAMdaDAM hoya che teno saMpUrNa upayoga karI levAmAM Avato hovAthI temAM karakasara karI tenA kada ane AkAra nakakI karI levAmAM Ave che tyAra bAda tenA para lakhavAmAM Ave che. pAdaTIpa 1. bhA. prA. li, pR. 108 2. bhA. je. zra. le, pR. 72 3. ejana, pR. 72-73 'pADulipivijJAna" pR. 159 4. ejana, pR. 72 'pADulipi vijJAna" pR. 159 5. pADulipi vijJAna, pR. 159 6. ejana, pR. 159 7. ejana, pR. 159 8.bhA. jai. 2. le, pR. 73 Page #54 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastapratonA prakAro ane svarUpa 9. ejana, pR. 74 10. ejana, pR. 74 11. pANDulipi vijJAna, pR. 162 12. bhA. hai. zra. le. pR. 76 13. bhA. hai. zra. le. pR. 76 14. bhA. ja. zra. le. pra. 16 15. bhA. hai. zra. le. pra. 16 16. Aje eka cokhAnA dANA para gItAnA adhyAyo aMkita karelA ane citrAkRtio jovA maLe che. 16.bhA. ja. . le. pR. 164 17. juo ejana citra naM. 12 18. hai. ci. kalpadruma, pR. 40 19. 'sthAna' Disembara 1973, pR. 20 20. bhA. hai. zra. le. pR. 22 21. 'pADulipi vijJAna', pR. 157 22. bhA. hai. zra. le., pR. 23 23. bhA. hai. zra. le. pR. 22 39 Page #55 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 5. hastalikhita prationI lipio DaoN. bhAratIbahena zelata lekhanakaLA e prAcIna bhAratamAM zikSaNanA pAyAnA viSayomAMnA eka viSaya tarIke khUba agatyanuM sthAna dharAvatI hatI. lekhanakaLA mATe 'lipi' zabda ane prAthamika zALA mATe 'lipizALA' zabda prayojAto. vidyAnAM prAcIna devadevIomAM brahmA ane sarasvatInA hastamAM hastalikhita graMtha dhAraNa karelo hoya che. jaina anuzrutimAM brAhmI lipinI utpatti prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeve karI manAya che, tyAre vaidika anuzrutimAM enuM sarjana jagatanA * sarjaka brahmAe karyuM manAya che. paraMtu anuzrutionI prAcInatA nakakI karavI muzkela che. bauddha sAhityanA lalitavistara (I. sa. 300 pUrve) nAme saMskRta graMthamAM 64 lipionI yAdI ApavAmAM AvI che, temAM mahattvanI lipi brAhmI ane kharoSThI darzAvI che. anya lipiomAM pradezonAM nAma parathI puSkarasArI, aMga lipi, vaMga lipi, magadha lipi, draviDa lipi jevI lipionAM nAma ane jAti ke dezavidezanI lipio - darada lipi, khAsya lipi, cIna lipi, hUNa lipi vagerenAM nAma che. samavAyAMga sUtra ane paNavaNA sUtramAM 18 lipionI yAdI ApelI che. baMnemAM ghaNAM nAma samAna che. A yAdImAM baMbhI (brAhmI), kharoTTI (kharoSThI), pukSmarasAriyA (puSkarasArikA), dvAmi lipi (drAviDI) lipiono samAveza thAya che. jaina AgamonI yAdImAM 'javAliyA' lipino ullekha che te spaSTata: yavanAnI lipi che. yavanonI lipinA arthamAM yavanAnI zabda pracalita hato. teno ullekha pANinInA'aSTAdhyAyI (I. pU. 5 mI sadI) mAM thayelo che. Ama bhAratamAM lipionA ullekha cheka I. pU. 5mI sadIthI maLe che. haDappA ane moheMjo-daDonAM khaMDeromAMthI mudrAo, mudrAMko ane tAmrapaTTikAo para lakhANa kotarelAM maLe che. tenI lipi ukelavA pAzcAtya ane bhAratIya 40 Page #56 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastalikhita prationI lipio vidvAnoe ghaNA prayatno karyA che. A lakhANomAM AvatAM judAM judAM cihnonuM vargIkaraNa karI enA mULAkSaronI ane emAM umerAyelAM mAtrAcihnonI gaNatarI karavAnA prayatno thayA che. DaoN. hanTare karelA pRthakkaraNa tathA vargIkaraNamAM joDAkSara na hoya tevA akSaronI kula saMkhyA 234 ane emAM mULAkSaronI saMkhyA 102 che. A mULAkSaromAM svaracihno ke svarabhAracihno jevAM cihno umerelAM jaNAya che. akSaromAMnAM keTalAMka citrAtmaka che. A akSaronA AkAra parathI ene te te padArthanA ghotaka mAnavAmAM AvyA che. jema ke manuSya, nagara, ghara, kedI, dhanurdhArI, pakSI, matsya vagere. A lipinuM svarUpa pUrNata: triAtmaka nathI. keTalAka vidvAno emAM bhAvAtmaka tathA dhvanyAtmaka cihno hovAnuM dhAre che. to koI ene mukhyata: mrutyAtmaka mAne che. cihnonI saMkhyA parathI A lipi pUrNata: vargAtmaka nahIM hovAnuM pratIta thAya che. keTalAka vidvAnoe A lakhANonI bhASA vaidika saMskRta jevA hovAnuM dhAryuM ane A lipinAM cihnone brAhmI lipinA prAcInatama cihno anusAra ukelavA koziza karI che. A lipinAM keTalAMka cihna brAhmI lipinA amuka akSaro sAthe AkAra sAmya dharAve che. tema ja brAhmI lipinI jema A lipimAM paNa mULAkSaromAM aMtargata cihno umeravAnI paddhati jaNAya che. Adya-aitihAsika kAlanI A aNaUkalI lipimAMthI brAhmI lipi UtarI AvI hoya e ghaNuM saMbhavita che. chatAM A be lipionAM upalabdha lakhANo vacce hajAreka varSano lAMbo gALo rahelo che. prAcIna bhAratamAM mukhyatve be lipio sahuthI vizeSa pracalita hatI. brAhmI ane kharoSThI. cInI vizvakoSa phA-yuAna-su-lIna (I. sa. 668) mAM` traNa daivI tattvoe lekhanakaLAnI zodha karI. pahelA deva phAna (brahmA) jemaNe DAbethI jamaNe lakhAtI brAhmI lipinI zodha karI. bIjA deva kIya-lu (kharoSTha) jemaNe jamaNethI DAbe lakhAtI kharoSThI lipinI zodha karI. trIjI lipinI zodha phuMkIe uparathI nIce lakhAtI cInI lipirUpe karI. emAM pahelI be lipionA kartA bhAratamAM janmyA. kharoSThI lipi : A lipi mukhyatve bhAratanA uttara-pazcima bhAgamAM ja pracalita hatI je dhIme dhIme prAcIna kAlamAM ja lupta thaI gaI. hastapratomAM A lipino prayoga I. sa. nI rajI sadIthI jovA maLe che. aphaghAnistAnanA eka stUpamAMthI maLelA 41 Page #57 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ra hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana bhUrjapatro upara A lipi prayojAI che. khotAna (cInI turkastAna) mAMthI A lipimAM lakhAyelI bauddha dhammapadanI hastaprata prApta thaI che. A prata prAya: gaMdhAramAM kuSANakALa daramiyAna lakhAI hatI. cInI turkastAna (madhya eziyA) mAM lAkaDAMnAM pATiyAM ane cAmaDA para lakhelAM kharoSThI lakhANa Lou-lan, Tun huang ane Miran mAMthI maLyAM che. rezama para lakhelAM traNa dhArmika ane binadhArmika lakhANa prAkRta ane kharoSThImAM che. vepArIo, kArakuno ane gumAstAo mATenI A lipinAM prAkRta lakhANa saraLatAthI lakhAtAM. A lipi semeTika varganI che. pazcima eziyAmAM prayojAyelI uttarI semeTika kulanI aramAika lipinA keTalAka akSaro sAthe kharoSThI lipinA sarakhA uccAraNavALA akSaro sAmya dharAve che. bhAratIya varNo lakhavA mATe aramAika varNamALAmAM sudhArA- vadhArA karavAmAM AvyA. aramAika lipinuM A sudhAreluM bhAratIya rUpAMtara te kharoSThI lipi. mauryo, bhAratIya-yavano, zaka-palavo ane kuSANonA zAsanakALamAM A lipino sthAnika lipi tarIke upayoga cAlu rahyo. I.sa. nI pamI sadI pachI A lipi sadaMtara lupta thaI brAhmI lipi : brAhmI lipi samasta bhArata varSamAM prayojAtI ane samaya jatAM judA judA pradezomAM judI judI rIte kramika parivartana pAmIne vartamAna bhAratIya lipio rUpe haju paNa vidyamAna che. Ama vartamAna bhAratIya lipionI jananI brAhmI lipi che. pAzcAtya vidvAnoe brAhmInI utpatti semeTika kuLanI lipiomAMthI thaI hovAnI kalpanA karI. temAMye vilsana, kasTa, jonsa, vebara, byUlara jevA vidvAnoe brAhmI lipino udbhava uttarI semeTika kuLanI phiniziyana lipimAMthI thayo hovAnuM sUcavyuM. DIkenA mate prAcIna dakSiNI semeTika lipi dvArA kamyUniphorma (kIlAkSarI) lipimAMthI utpanna thaI hovAnuM ane TAyalare brAhmInI utpatti lupta dakSiNI semeTika lipimAMthI thaI hovAnuM sUcavyuM. rAjali pAMDeya ane gaurIzaMkara ojhA jevA vidvAnoe brAhmI lipi A dezamAM ja udbhavI hovAno mata rajU karyo. janarala kanIMghama, DAusana, lArasana jevA vidvAnoe jaNAvyuM ke Arya brAhmaNoe brAhmI lipi dezaja bhAratIya citrAkSaromAMthI vikasAvI.4 eDavarDa Tomase sAMskRtika rIte AgaLa vadhelI draviDa 11 Page #58 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastalikhita prationI lipio prajAe brAhmI lipinI zodha karI hovAnuM maMtavya rajU karyuM. A dhAraNA bhUlabharelI che. draviDo mULa dakSiNa bhAratanA hatA. jyAre AryonuM mULa vatana uttara bhAratamAM hatuM ane lekhanakaLAno sahuthI jUno namUno uttara bhAratamAMthI maLyo che. brAhmI lipinAM anukAlIna rUpAMtare ane vartamAna prAdezika lipio : prAcIna brAhmI lipino samaya bUlara ane ojhA I. pU. 350 thI I. sa. 350 sudhIno mUke che. A samayanA moTA bhAganA lekho prAkRta bhASAnA maLe che. mauryakAlIna brAhmI lipi samagra dezanI eka sarakhI lipi tarIke rahI che. bhAratanA judA judA pradezomAM maurya samrATa azokanA zailalekha maLyA che. A badhAmAM brAhmI lipino eka sarakho maroDa pracalita hato. azokanA samayamAM keTalAka akSaronAM spaSTa parivartano thayAM hatAM. "a" ane "A" nAM ochAmAM ochAM dasa rUpa maLe che. azokanA abhilekhomAM traNa bolIbheda jovA maLe che. prAdezika dhoraNe koI lipibheda jovA maLato nathI. DaoN. dAnInA mate I. pU. 20 thI I. sa. 50 nA gALA daramiyAna brAhmI lipimAM noMdhapAtra rUpAMtaro thayelAM mAluma paDe che, ane temAMthI prAdezika bheda vikasavA lAge che. DaoN. dAnI tene prAdezika brAhmI lipio kahe che ane ene 1 pUrva bhAratIya, 2. uttara-pazcima bhAratIya 3. uttara pazcima dakhkhaNI ane. 4. dakSiNa bhAratIya ema cAra vibhAgomAM vargIkRta kare che." A samaya daramyAna pUrva bhArata ane uttara-pazcima bhAratanA pradezonI lipionA svarUpamAM ghaNo ocho bheda jaNAya che. bhaDhiproLa (tamiLanADu) stUpanA maMjUSA lekhamAMnA akSaronA AkAra brAhmInA pracalita akSaronA AkAramAMthI ja udbhavelA che. draviDa akSaro paNa sadaza brAhmI akSaromAMthI sAdhita karavAmAM AvyA che. I. sa. 50 thI I. sa. 40 sudhInA gALAmAM brAhmI lipinA svarUpamAM viziSTa parivartano thayAM. vargonA mathALe nAnI ADI rekhArUpe zirorekhA spaSTa jovA maLe che. be TocavALA vargo jevA ke dha, pa, ane 4 mAM DAbI bAjunI Toca para rekhA karAtI jyAre ya jevA traNa TocavALA varNamAM e vacalI Toca upara umerAtI. ma mAM enI beya trAMsI Toca para karAtI. 5, 3 ane jevA akSaro UMcA ane pAtaLA thayA. 5, 5 ane 6 jevA akSaronI UMcAI ghaTI, Page #59 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 44 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana ane pahoLAI vadhI. sIdhA maroDanA sthAne vaLAMkadAra maroDanuM pramANa vadhyuM. ghaNA varSonI UbhI rekhAone nIcale cheDethI DAbI bAjue vALavAmAM AvatI. svaramAtrAone trAMso vaLAMkadAra maroDa ApavAmAM Avyo. halananuM cihna vartamAna halata cihna jevuM ja che, je paMkitanA nIcalA bhAgamAM nAnA kadamAM lakhavAmAM AvatuM. halattano prayoga bhAratamAM I. sa. nI bIjI sadIthI maLe che. , 4 ane 3 nA akSarono prayoga thayo. jillAmUlIya ane upaSmAnIya dhvanio mATe cihno prayojAyAM. lekhananI prAdezika laDhaNonA upayoga sAthe lipibheda vikasyA. I. sa. 400 thI 800 nA samayamAM prAdezika lipionAM Adya svarUpa ghaDAyAM, jene Agha prAdezika lipio kahI zakAya. DaoN. dAnIe ene 1. uttara bhArata, 2. gujarAta, rAjasthAna ane madhya bhArata, 3. dakhkhaNa ane 4. dakSiNa bhArata ema mukhya cAra vibhAgomAM vahece che. A samayanI ghaNI hastaprato maLI AvI che. emAM kalama ane zAhInA upayogane lIdhe brAhmI akSaronAM ghaNAM navAM rUpo maLe che. emAM trikoNAkAra ziracihna ane akSaronI UbhI rekhA nIce eka prakAranuM pAdacihna jovA maLe che. dakSiNa bhAratamAM tADapatra upara tINa zalAkAthI akSaro kotaravAnI prathA hatI, tyAM akSara goLa ane pAMkhA taraMgAkAra banyA. mULAkSaro ane svaramAtrAone suzobhanAtmaka maroDa ApavAnI prathAne lIdhe akSaronI jamAgI bAjunI UbhI rekhAnA nIcalA cheDA DAbI bAju vaLAMka levA lAgyA, jene kuTila lipi kahe che. A samaya daramiyAna halanta akSarane cAlu paMktimAM sarakhA kadamAM lakhavAmAM Avato ane nIce jamaNI bAju jatI trAsI rekhA umeravAmAM AvI. A samayagALA daramyAna madhya eziyAmAMthI 'qyzynI guphAmAMthI kumAralAtanI 'kalpanAmaDitikA' nI tADapatrIya hastaprata (I. sa.nI 5 mI sadI) gumakAlIna brAhmI lipinI maLI che. emAM pahoLI kalamanA upayogane laIne zirorekhA saLaMga ghATI che. nIce jatAM pahoLI thatI UbhI rekhAne cheDe nAnI ke moTI ADI ke trAMsI rekhA karI temAM nIcalA cheDA bAMdhI dIdhA che. Ane pAdacihna tarIke oLakhavAmAM Ave che. A maroDa mathurA zailIno che. karnala boara ne maLelI bhUrjapatra uparanI auSadhazAstranI hastaprata (prAya: . sa.nI chaThThI sadI)mAM ghATI zirorekhA, UbhI rekhA nIce pAdacihna jovA maLe che. akSaronA maroDa rAjasthAnI zailInA che. Page #60 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastalikhita prationI lipio 8 udAnavarganI saMskRta hastaprata I. sa. nI 7 mI sadImAM kucAmAM pracalita brAhmI lipimAM lakhAyelI che. horyujI (jApAna) nA maThamAM sacavAyelI 'uSNISaviyadhAriNI'nI tADapatrIya hastaprata I. sa. nI 8 mI sadInI che. enA aMte A samayanI pUrI varNamALA ApavAmAM AvI che. 16 svaro, 33 vyaMjano ane kSa tathA 7 jevuM maMgalacihna ema 51 cihno prayojAyAM che. halanta akSaronI nIce jamaNI bAju trAMsI rekhA karelI che.19 gujarAtamAM maitrakakAla daramiyAna agAu je akSarone mathALe zirorekhA nahotI thatI tenA mathALe have zirorekhA umerAvA lAgI. u. ta. R, na, jU. gUrjara rAjAonA hastAkSaro uttarI zailInI lipimAM lakhAyA. aMtargata svaracihno nAgarInI samakakSanAM banyAM. aMtargata 'e' nA svaracihnane paDimAtrA svarUpe lakhavAnuM valaNa vadhyuM che. saMyuktAkSaromAM baMne vyaMjanonI UMcAI sarakhI jovA maLe che. akSarono maroDa goLa che. DaoN. byU,ra ane ojhA A samayanI gujarAta, mahArASTra ane karNATakanI lipine pazcimI lipi tarIke oLakhAve che. jo ke gujarAtanI lipimAM dakhkhaNanI zailInI sAthe rAjasthAnI zailInI asara paga jovA maLe che. prAkRta vizeSAvazyaka bhASya (laga. I. sa. 610) mAM tatkAlIna lipionI yAdImAM 'lATa lipi' (prA. sAhativI) jaNAvavAmAM AvI che. te parathI gujarAtanI A lipine lATa lipi tarIke oLakhAvI zakAya.. I. sa. 400 thI 800 nA lipi vikAsanA gALAmAM godAvarI kRSNA pradezamAM Adya kAnaDI lipi vikasI. kRSNA pradezanI dakSiNanA bhAgamAM sAtamI sadImAM graMthalipi vikasI. A lipi AraMbhamAM telugu ane kannaDa lipi joDe ThIka ThIka sAmya dharAvatI, paNa samaya jatAM cAlu kalame lakhavAthI UbhI ane ADI rekhAone vaLAMkadAra maroDa ApavAthI tema ja kyAMka kyAMka akSaro vacce gAMTha banAvavAnI prakriyAne lIdhe A lipie viziSTa rUpa dhAraNa karyuM. 45 vartamAna prAdezika lipio bhAratanI badhIye vartamAna prAdezika lipio samaya jatAM brAhmI lipimAMthI ja vikaselI che. emAM draviDa bhASAo mATe vaparAtI lipiono paNa samAveza thAya che. dakSiNa bhAratanI lipio paNa brAhmI kuLano ja parivAra che. Page #61 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 46 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana nAgarI lipi bhAratamAM nAgarI lipi badhA ja pradezomAM sahuthI vadhu pracalita che. uttara bhArata tathA dakhkhaNamAM devanAgarI tarIke oLakhAya che. dakSiNa bhAratamAM tene naMdinAgarI kahe che. vartamAna nAgarIno prayoga dakhkhaNamAM 8 mI sadIthI jovA maLe che, jyAre uttara bhAratamAM mevADamAM 10 mI sadIthI jovA maLe che. A samayanI hastapratomAM be paMktio vacce ghaNI ochI jagyA rAkhavAmAM AvatI ane e ochI jagyAmAM zirorekhA upara aMtargata "e" nuM cihna umeravuM hoya tyAre zirorekhAnI upara nahIM paNa akSaranI jamaNI bAjue UbhI paDimAtrAno upayoga karavAmAM Avato. I. sa.nI 12mI - 13mI sadI daramiyAna nAgarI lipino vartamAna maroDa ghaDAyo. A samayamAM kAgaLa paranI prato vizeSa maLe che. jaina hastaprata jaina nAgarI lipimAM ane jainetara hastaprata nAgarI lipimAM lakhAI che. jaina hastapratomAM samayanirdeza paNa maLe che. jaina nAgarI lipi : magadhamAM vasatI jaina prajAe duSkALa ane sAMpradAyika sAThamArIne lIdhe saurASTra ane gujarAtamAM sthaLAMtara karyuM tyAre brAhmI-baMgalA lipinI chAyA jaina lipimAM UtarI. akSaronA maroDa, paDimAtrA vageremAM tenI asara dekhAya che. zramaNa saMskRtie lekhanakalAmAM potAne anukULa lipinA pheraphAra, sudhArAvadhArA ane saMketonuM nirmANa karyuM. AthI e AgavI jaina lipi tarIke oLakhAI. likhita pustakonI saMzodhana paddhati, sAdhano, saMketa cihno, saMyuktAkSaro, maraDo vagere judA paDatA hoI A lipi navIna che. judI judI Tevo, pasaMdagI vagerene laIne jaina lipi aneka bhAgomAM vaheMcAI, jemAM yationI lipi, kharataragacchIya lipi, mAravADI lekhakonI lipi, gujarAtI lekhakonI lipi vagereyationI lipi akSaronA TukaDA karI lakhelI hoya che. mAravADI lekhako akSaronAM nIcenAM pAMkhaDAM ochAM khece che. bIjA lekhako vadhu khece che. pazcima bhAratamAM pAMcamI sadIthI jaina lekhanakalAno AraMbha thayo. paraMtu hAla jaina lipimAM lakhAyela eka paNa graMtha upalabdha nathI. pazcima bhAratamAM A lipino prayoga thayo hovAthI jaina lipinI hastaprato Page #62 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastalikhita prationI lipio tADapatra ane kAgaLa para ja maLe che. A lipimAM lakhAyela prAcIna hastaprata paMcamI kathA" (vi. saM. 11 - I. sa. 1052-53) nI prApta thaI che. gujarAtI lipi : gujarAtamAM prAdezika lipinuM viziSTa svarUpa ghaDAyuM je gujarAtI lipi tarIke oLakhAya che. enA maroDano AraMbha I. sa. nI 15 mI sadIthI jovA maLe che. saLaMga zirorekhA tarIke pahelAM eka AkhI lITI dorI enI nIce akSaro lakhavAnI paripATI pracalita thaI. zIghalekhana mATe akSarone vadhu vaLAMkadAra maroDa ApavAmAM Avyo. AthI ghaNA akSaronA upalA DAbA cheDAne ane nIcalA jamAnA cheDAne goLa maroDavALo banAvAyo. mano uttarI maroDa zirorekhA vinA saLaMga kalame "a" ghaDAyo. InuM svataMtra svarUpa lupta thayuM. 'e', "e", "o' ane "au" e cAre akSarone ''mAM te te svaramAtrA umerI sAdhita karavAmAM AvyA. saMyuktAkSaromAM ghaNA pUrvaga akSaronI jamaNI UbhI rekhAno lopa karI enI sAthe anuga akSara joDAyo che, jema ke kha, ma, dhya, 7, zya, tya, ba, nya, sa, khya, ma, ya, tva, vya, rama ane rU. bAkInA akSaromAM keTalAkamAM pUrvaga akSaranuM saMkucita svarUpa prayojAyuM; jema ke "kava', 'java" vagere. anuga meM mAM DAbA pAMkhAne cheDe cAMca kADhI ene pUrvaga akSara sAthe joDavAmAM Avyo, jema ke 'Taya". keTalAkamAM saMyuktAkSaro nAgarI Dhabe lakhAya che. jemake i, i, gha, , , zra, bhai, hya vagere. keTalAkamAM pUrvaga akSarane halanta darzAvavo paDe che; jema ke, dhruva Tuva, ba, kata,hava vagere. AraMbhamAM gujarAtI lipine (vANiyAzAI' ke 'mahAjana" lipi kahetA. gujarAtI graMthalekhanano AraMbha I. sa.nI 15mI sadIthI thayo. nAgarI lipinA akSara jhaDapathI lakhavA mATe mahArASTramAM keTalAka sudhArA karavAmAM AvelA. emAM nAnI nAnI zirorekhAne badale lAMbI lITI dorI eka ke vadhu zabda saLaMga kalame lakhAtA. A lipine moDI" lipi kahe che. brAhmInAM prAdezika rUpAMtaro be zailImAM thayAM : 1. uttarI ane 2. dakSiNI. uttara bhAratamAM 4 thI sadImAM guma lipi prayojAtI. samaya jatAM emAMthI bhinna svarUpa ghaDAyuM jene kuTila lipi kahe che. A lipi uttara bhAratamAM I. sa.nI dahIthI 9mI sadI sudhI pracilata hatI. A samaya daramiyAna gujarAta ane dakhkhaNamAM uttarI zailI pracalita thaI. 18mI sadIthI kAzamIramAM kuTila lipinuM Page #63 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 48 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana je juduM svarUpa vikasyuM te 'zAradA' lipi kahevAI. jammu ane uttara paMjAbamAM TAkarI lipi prayojAya che. e zAradA lipinuM vaLAMkadAra ThAkurI rUpAMtara che. jammu pradezamAM enuM DogarI svarUpa ane caMbA pradezamAM camiyAlI svarUpa pracalita che. paMjAbamAM zIkha dharmanA graMthonA zuddha lekhana mATe tyAMnI prAcIna laMDA" nAme mahAjanI lipimAM parivartana karI guru goviMdasiMhe (16mI sadI) gurumukhI' lipi ghaDI. bihAramAM kAyastha lokoe nAgarI lipinuM jhaDapathI lakhAya tevuM svarUpa prayojyuM je kaithI lipi kahevAya che. enAM sAmAnya lakSaNa gujarAtI lipinAM lakSaNone maLatAM Ave che. samaya jatAM Adya nAgarI lipinuM bhinna rUpAMtara thatAM baMgALI, maithilI, nepALI vagere lipio ghaDAI. maithilI e baMgALInuM rUpAMtara che. uDiyA pradezamAM uDiyA lipi prayojAya che. baMgALI lipi baMgALa, AsAma, bihAra, nepALa ane orissAnA hastalikhita graMthomAM prayojAI che. hAla A lipi baMgALa ane AsAmamAM pracalita che. mithilA pradezanA brAhmaNo saMskRta graMtha lakhavA maithilI lipi prayojatA. uDiyA lipi prAcIna baMgALImAMthI uddabhavI che. saLaMga kalame lakhAya tevA maroDa tathA goLAIdAra zirorekhAne laIne A lipinA akSara ghaNA vilakSaNa lAge che. prAcIna telugu-kannaDa lipimAM samaya jatAM akSaronI goLAI vadhavA lAgI ane jhaDapathI lakhavAne lIdhe akSaronA maroDa badalAtA gayA ane emAMthI vartamAna telugu- kannaDa lipio vikasI. telugu lipi : telugu lipi AMdhra pradezamAM ane enI AsapAsanA bhAgamAM pracalita che. emAM ma thI gau sudhInA svaro mATe svataMtra citra che. meM ane ma nAM hrasva-dIdha ema be cihna pracalita che. 3 ane 4 nI mAtrA akSaranI jamaNI bAjue joDAya che. emAM nAgarI lipinI jema ADI zirorekhA hotI nathI. kanaDa lipi : kannaDa lipi karNATakanI lipi che. hAla mAyasora rAjya ane enI AsapAsanA bhAgamAM pracalita che. enA ghaNA akSara telugu lipinA akSaro Page #64 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastalikhita prationI lipio 49 jevA che. svaramAtrAomAM 9 ane go nA hasva-dIrgha evA be karoDa maLe che. graMtha lipi : je pradezamAM tamiLa lipi pracalita che tyAM saMskRta graMtho lakhavA mATe telugukAnaDI lipine maLatI eka khAsa lipi vikasI, ene graMtha lipi kahe che. samaya jatAM cAlu kalame lakhavAthI, UbhI tathA ADI rekhAone vaLAMkadAra banAvavAthI ne ghaNA akSaromAM zarUAtamAM, vacce ke aMte gAMTha jevo AkAra ApavAthI A lipi vartamAna telugu ane kAnaDI lipiothI ghANI vilakSaNa banI gaI. emAM au nuM svataMtra cihna che. ane momAM hasva-dIrghanA bheda nathI rU nI mAtrA jamArI bAjue joDAya che. [ nI mAtrA DAbI bAjue joDAya che. e mATe evI be mAtrAo DAbI bAjue umerAya che. tamiLa lipi : tamiLanADu pradezamAM tamiLa lipi pracalita thaI. tenA lekha I.sa.nI 7mI sadIthI maLe che. A lipinuM tvarita rUpa vaLatu lipi che. tamiLa lipinA ghANA akSara graMthalipinA akSaro sAthe ThIka ThIka sAmya dharAve che. draviDa bhASAonI lipiomAM hrasva-dIrgha ra tathA no bheda tamiLa lipimAM zarU thayelo jaNAya che. 3 ane rUnI mAtrA akSaranI jamaNI bAjue, rDa nI mAtrA akSaranI upara ane ra tathA nI mAtrA DAbI bAjue umerAya che. mo mAM mA nI mAtrA jamaNI bAjue ane nI mAtrA DAbI bAjue umerAya che. malayAlama lipi : kerala rAjyamAM malayAlama lipi pracalita che. A lipi graMtha lipinuM vaLAMkadAra rUpAMtara che. A lipimAM saMskRta graMtho paNa lakhAya che. A lipimAM i tathA lA mAM hasva-dIrghano bheda rahelo che. , huM ane nI mAtrA akSaranI jamaNI bAjue ane i nI mAtrA DAbI bAjue umerAya che. tuLu lipi : dakSiNa kannaDa pradezamAM saMskRta graMtho lakhavA mATe vaparAtI tuLu lipi malayAlama lipinuM thoDA pheraphAravALuM rUpa che. Page #65 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 50 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana Ama mauryakAlIna brAhmI lipinuM judA judA pradezomAM rUpAMtara thatAM bhAratanI vartamAna lipio ghaDAI. draviDa bhASAonuM kuLa bhAratIya Arya bhASAonA kuLathI tadna bhinna hovA chatAM e baMne kuLonI bhASAo mATe prayojAtI badhI lipio eka ja brAhmI lipi kuLanI che. pAdaTIpa 1. nitavistara, madhyAya 10 thI. huM sophA, "mAratIya prAcIna nimiAnA', pR. 7, 5. TI. 2, R. B. Pandey, "Indian Palaeography", pp. 23rf. 2. lau. hI. mokSA, 324, pR. 7, 5. TI. 8; R. B. PandeyOp. cit., pp. 221. 3. 4.1.49 4. ha. gaM. zAstrI, haDappA ne moheMjo-daDo', pR. 59-60, 66-68. 4. Buhler, "Indian Palaeography", p. 94 6. Ibid., p. 40 7. Dani, "Indian Palaeography", p. 253, ha. gaM. zAstrI, bhAratIya abhilekhavidyA', pR.32. 8. ha. ga. zAstrI, ejana, pR. 33-34. 9-11. gau. hI. mokSA, 31, pR. 18-19; ha. . zAstrI, ejana, pR. 41 12. R. B. Pandey,op. cit. 13. caMdrakAntA bhaTTa, prAcIna bhAratamAM graMthalekhana, lekhApana, saMgrahaNa ane saMrakSaNa', pR. 25. 98. R. B. Pandey,op. cit., p. 34 15. Ibid., p. 35 16. Dani,op.cit., p. 109 17. Ibid., p. 55 18. Ibid., p. 147, caMdrakAntA bhaTTa, uparyukata, pR. 36 19. ha. . zAstrI, uparyukta, pR. 71 20. ejana, pR.72 Page #66 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 6. hastaprata-prakAzana : maryAdAo ane apekSAo pro. DaoN. baMsIdhara bhaTTa pazcimamAM Agama hastaprata-prakAzana : prAcIna saMskRta, prAkRta ke pAli graMthanA vizleSaNAtmaka adhyayana dvArA tenI maulikatA ke aitihAsikatA nakkI karavAmAM aneka maLI zakatI hastapratonA AdhAre thayelA te graMthanAM prakAzanonI khUba AvazyakatA thaI paDe che. lagabhaga vIsamI sadInI zarUAta sudhI koI jaina-Agama graMthanuM prakAzana thayuM na hatuM, tethI keTalIka pazcimanI saMsthAoe saMzodhananA mukhya uddezyathI AvI ghaNI badhI hastaprato bhAratamAMthI kharIdI ekaThI karI hatI ane tyAMnA aneka saMzodhana-kartAone jarUra paDatAM temane je te hastaprato pUrI pADI hatI. A prakAranA graMtha-aitihAsika saMzodhana mATe Albarekha vebare 1866mAM, bhagavatIsUtranAM keTalAMka zatakonuM prakAzana eka hastapratanA AdhAre karyuM. (Ueber ein Fragment der Bhagavati..., Akad. D. Wissensch. Berlin.....), heramAna yAkobIe 188ramAM AcArasUtranuM prakAzana lagabhaga 8 hastapratonA BALA? HUL? usej (The Ayaramga Sutta...., Pali. Text Society. London), esTe loyamAne 1883mAM aupapAtikasUtra prakAzita karyuM. (Das Aupapatika Sutra...... Abhand. Kund. Morgenl. 8.2. Leipzing. a 42 244241: H. Jacobi in : Lit Blatt.... Philologic 2, pp. 46-49 - Reprint : Nendeln, Liechtenstein : Kraus Reprint 1966) Beat 189ramAM lagabhaga 8-9 hastapratonA AdhAre taiyAra karelA dazavaikAlikasUtra ane tenI nikitaonA prakAzana ane saMzodhanano (Dashavaikalika-sutra and - niryukti... ZDMG. 46, pp. 581-662..... Wiesbaden) AdhAra laI vAlmaphera zbrIge 1932mAM te dazavaikAlikasUtranuM prakAzana nAgarI lipimAM aMgrejI anuvAda sAthe bahAra pADyuM (dasayAliyasutta,...... Sheth Anandji Kalianji, Ahmedabad, Reprint : Klein. Schrift. Schubring... Page #67 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ para hastapratavidyA ane Aga sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana Wiesbaden 1977 pp-108-248) yAkobInA 188ranA AcArasUtranA prakAzananA AdhAre zubrIge 1910mAM eka saMzodhita prakAzana bahAra pADyuM (juo : saMkSipta graMthasaMdarbhasUci : "zUbrIMga"). vaLI teNe 1905/1910mAM fe4a17 (Das Kalpa Sutra.... Leipzig 1604. Eng. Trans. by M. S. Burgess in : Ind. Antia. 36, 9690, pp. 249-259. Reprint : Bombay 1910), 1918/1923 mAM vyavahArasUtra ane nizIthasUtra (Vavahara - and Nisha- suta. Leipzig 1918. vaLI juo : kalpa-vyavahAra-nizItha- sUtrANi ... Jaina sahitya Samsodhaka Samiti, Poona 1923) paNa aneka hastapratonA AdhAre prakAzita karyA. te uparAMta, zubrIge 1918mAM mahAnizIthasUtranA adhyayana-prakAzana mATe lagabhaga copaludal 341412 elul (Das Mahanisiha- Sutta..... Berlin) adj saMzodhita puna:saMskaraNa 1951 tathA 1963mAM bahAra paDyuM (Studien zum Mahanisiha.... Kapitel -6.... F R. Hamm + W. Schubring.... ANIS E, Hamburg 9649 Kapitel 9-4 ... J. Deleu + W. Schubring ANIS 90, Hamburg 9683. Reprint : with Eng. Trans. by C. Tripathi in nagari script. Prakrt Text Society, Ahmedabad. 1992) jemAM muni puNyavijayajIe paNa aMgata rIte hastaprato meLavI ApavAmAM brIMgane tathA dalyune madada karI hatI. (A prakAzana paranI samIkSAo - Reviews - mATe juo : JRAS 1951, p. 154 by A. Master : ZDMG 114, 1964, pp.457-58 by A. N. Upadhye : BSOAS 20 1687, pp. 639-32 : JAOS by K. R: Norman; 88-3, 1968 pp. 563-65 by L. Rocher) loyamAne 1112 varSa lagI zvetAMbara-digaMbaranA Avazyaka-sAhitya para maLI AvatA lagabhaga badhA (20 uparAMta) graMthonI maLI zakI eTalI (lagabhaga 5) uparAMta) hastapratonA AdhAre eka '...Avazyaka-sAhitya..' nAmano saMzodhana-graMtha taiyAra karyo, paNa tenuM dehAMta thatAM te graMtha zUbrige 1934mAM usifett ser. (Uebersicht Veber die Avasyaka-Literatur....ANIS 4 Hamburg) A uparAMta paNa ghaNAM saMzodho-prakAzano astitvamAM AvyAM, temAMnA keTalAMka mukhya A pramANe che, jema ke 1879mAM yAkobI e 4e44x (The Kalpasutra Of Bhadrabahu... AKM 9.9, Leipzig Page #68 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastaprata-prakAzana : maryAdAo ane apekSAo 53 Reprint : Nendeln. Liechtenstein = Kraus Reprint 1966), tathA esa.vArane nirayAvaliyasutta (Amsterdam samIkSA : H, Jacobi in : ZDMG 34, pp. 178 fol.), 1881mAM pAula sTAInathAle tathA 1907mAM hyurTamAne jJAtAdharmakathA (anukrame Berlin strassburg), 1890mAM ruDolpha El ca GU125ELL (Bibliotheca indica. ohleul : E. Leumann, in WZKM 3, pp. 329-350; Grierson in : Ind. Anti.. 16, pp. 7880), 1907 mAM ela.DI.bAneTe aMtagaDadazA ane anuttarovavAIyadazA (London. 24H : E.Leumann in : JRAS 909, pp. 9092 fol) (Reprint: Prithivi Prakashan, Varanasi 1973) 1922mAM jArla zArapenTiyare uttarAdhyayanasUtra (Uppsala. samIkSA : W. Schubring in: OLZ 1924, p.484) (Reprint : Ajay Book Series, Delhi 1980), 1937mAM je. epha. kohale sUryaprajJapti (Stuttgart. samIkSA : w. Schubring, in : OLZ 1938 col 562 foll.), 1969mAM josepha dilyue [12414 RAM (Orientalia Ganden.. 8, Eng. Transl. by J. W. de Jong. R. Wiles, Tokyo 1996), vagere vagere prasiddha karyA. temAMya RSibhASitAninA prakAzananuM (1942 thI 1969; vaLI juo L. D. Series 45, Ahmedabad 1974) ane keTalAMye prakIrNa graMthonA prakAzananuM zreya zuddhIMgane phALe jAya che. (ghaNA pAzcAtya vidvAnonAM bIjAM aneka nAnA-moTA graMtha- prakAzano ahIM vistArabhayanA lIdhe darzAvI zakAyAM nathI.) A sarve vidvAnoe temanAM Agama-graMtha prakAzanonI sAthe sAthe temanAM saMzodhano paNa rajU karyA. (A lekhamAM hastapratanA saMdarbhamAM prakAzana', 'prakAzaka' jevA zabdo aMgrejI editing/edition, editornA arthamAM tathA prakAzita" zabda aMgrejI edited/published nA arthamAM yojyA che.) Agama pothI-prakAzana : visamI sadInI zarUAtamAM AnI asara bhAratamAM thaI cUkI hatI, ane hastaprata-prakAzananuM kArya jaina sAdhuo tathA paMDito dvArA keTalIka khAnagI jainasaMsthAoe upADI lIdhuM hatuM. zarU zarUmAM keTalAka jaina Agamo, cUrNio ane niyuktio hastapratonA AdhAre pothI-rUpe prakAzita thayAM. paraMtu saMzodhano viSe ke saMzodhanonI AvazyakatAo athavA apekSAo viSe pUratA jJAnanA abhAve Page #69 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 54 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana AvAM pothI-prakAzanomAM ghANA doSo rahI javA pAmatA, ane saMzodhanomAM te prakAzanono upayoga karavA jatAM temAM aneka prazno aNaukalyA rahI jatA. chapAInI azuddhio uparAMta temAM keTalI, kaI kaI, kyAMthI prApta hastapratono AdhAra lIdho che, ane te badhI hastapratomAM kayA kayA pAThAMtaro maLI Ave che, vagere vize AvAM prakAzanomAMthI bhAgye ja kAMI jANavA maLe che. vaLI, AgamagraMthanA zrutaskaMdha, zataka, adhyayana jevA vibhAgo, uddeza ke varga jevA peTAvibhAgo tathA te sarvenAM nAmo, ke temanA tathA sutronA saMkhyA-kramAMka kaI hastapratomAM maLe che ane kaImAM nathI maLatA tevI saMzodhano mATenI atyaMta Avazyaka bAbato pothI-prakAzanamAMthI prakAzamAM AvI zakatI nathI. te uparAMta, hastapratomAMthI pothImAM thatA te te graMthanA UtArAmAM/nakalamAM paNa A pothIprakAzako keTalIka vAra potAnA AgavA sudhArA-vadhArA ke pheraphAra karatA hoya che, jemAM evo bhAsa thAya che ke tevA badhA pheraphAro jANe ke mULe hastapratomAMthI ja UtarI AvatA hoya! AvA prakAranA pheraphAro temanA potAnA che evI matalabanuM kAMI sUcana A pothI-prakAzako avazya karatA rahetA nathI. AvAM pothIprakAzano khAsa to jaina sAdhuo ke anya dharmaparAyaNa vyaktione lakSyamAM laIne ja bahAra AvatAM lAge che. Adarza Agama prakAzana : paraMtu bhAvi saMzodhanone lakSyamAM rAkhI tathA temanuM yogya ane bahumUlya samajIne thatAM jaina AgamonAM Adarza hastaprata-prakAzano karavAnuM zreya to AkhA bhAratamAM sau prathama muni puNyavijayajInA ja phALe jAya che. teoe ane tyArabAda muni jaMbUvijayajIe jaina Agama graMthamAlA'nA hastaprata-prakAzananA kAryane vega Apyo, jemAM 'lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmaMdira (amadAvAda), 'mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya" (muMbaI) ane prAkRta graMthamAlA" vagere saMkaLAyelAM rahyAM che. A rIte 'jaina vizva bhAratI' (lADanuM, rAjasthAna) paNa hastapratonA AdhAre thatA Agama graMtha-prakAzana mATe bhAratamAM eka jANItI saMsthA che (tenI vivecanA mATe juo AcAra - prastAvanA pR. 38, 42-43). saMzodhanalakSI hastaprata-prakAzanomAM pratonI maulikatAnuM puna: sthApana thAya te (normalization) atyaMta Avazyaka che. temAM lahiyAonI bhUla sudhAravI, prAcIna pATho zodhavA, sudhAravA vagere mukhya bAbato che. AnA lIdhe Page #70 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastaprata-prakAzana : maryAdAo ane apekSAo 55 saMzodhanomAM Agama- graMthanA mUla-stara zodhavAno mArga mokaLo bane che. A ja mArge mULa-graMtha' (ur-text) jevA koI graMthanI (Proto-type/proto-text) jhAMkhI thAya che, ane te mArge yogya dizA-sUjha maLatAM "mULa-graMtha' no AvirbhAva pAga zakya bane che. apekSita Agama prakAzana : ke Ama ekaMdare jotAM jarUrI jaina AgamonuM prakAzana lagabhaga thaI gayuM gaNAya. paraMtu te prakAzita Agama-graMtho saMzodhano mATe hajI kAMIka apUratAM che, temanI hastaprato vize hajI ghaNA prazno UThe che. vaLI, prakAzita Agamo paranI TIkAonAM saMzodhanAtmaka saMskaraNo hajI astitvamAM nathI AvyAM (jemake : zIlAMka, haribhadra, zAMtisUri, malayagiri vagerenI keTalAka Agamo paranI TIkAo). uparAMta, AcAra paranI gaMdhahastinI TIkA, bhagavatI paranI cUrNi hajI prApta thayAM nathI. temAM hastapratonA AdhAre bhagavatIcUrNinuM prakAzana hAla 'lAla. dala. bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmaMdiramAM (amadAvAda) tathA jaina vizvabhAratI'mAM (lADanuM) thaI rahyuM che te AnaMdanI vAta che. loyamAne tene Avazyaka sAhitya.....' mAM vizeSAvazyakabhANa paranI koTyAcAryanI TIkAnI hastapratono AdhAra lIdho che (juo upara : Ubersicht. 1933 pR. 49/51/b kosyAcAryanA badale bhUlathI "zIlAMka" nAma jaNAvyuM che). AvAM prakAzanothI AcAra, bhagavatI ane vizeSAvazyakabhASya Avazyaka niryukti para kAMIka vizeSa prakAza paDaze. vaLI, Agama-graMtho uparanI cUrNio ane niryuktionuM sAhitya paNa hastapratomAMthI hajI pUratuM bahAra AvI zakyuM nathI. temAM phakta dazavaikAlikaniryukti (juo upara : loyamAna - 1892) ane te uparanI agatyasiMhanI cUrNi te baMne mULa sUtragraMtha sAthe 1973mAM (Prakrit Text Society 99, Ahmedabad) usileidus 44 9. cUrgio uparanI hastaprato moTe bhAge svataMtra maLe che, tenI sAthe koI anya graMtha ke TIkA bhAgye ja hoya che, jyAre Agama-graMthonI hastaprato koIka vAra ja svataMtra rIte, paNa vizeSa to niryuktio ane/athavA TIkAo sAthe maLe che. cUrNi sAhitya TIkAkArone bahu AkarSI zakyuM nathI, TIkAkAromAM cUrNio sauthI vadhu upekSita rahI che. cUrNi para koIe svataMtra ke sUtragraMtha sAthe TIkA racI nathI, paNa niryuktio ane TIkA haMmezAM sAthe rahyAM che, ane TIkAkAroe Page #71 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 56 hastapratavidyA ane Aga sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana Agama-graMthonI sAthe sAthe ghaNI vAra te graMthonI niryuktio para paNa TIkA racI che, tathA AgamagraMtha sAthe sAthe temane vANI paNa lIdhI che. ' vivecana 1. Aje Adarza rUpe prakAzita thayelA jaina AgamagraMthonI pATippaNIomAM te te graMthonI cUrNionI ane TIkAonI judI judI vAcanAomAMthI lakSya Agama- graMthanA aneka pAThAMtaro Thera Thera ApyA hoya che, paraMtu A mATe niyuktiono paNa zakya tyAM upayoga thaI zake. jo ke niryuktionA pATho chaMda-baddha thavAnA kAraNe (metri causa) mULa karatAM kAMIka judA thaI jAya che, tethI niyukitaonA javalle ja maLI rahetA pAkomAM pUro viveka karavAnI jarUra rahe che. chatAM paNa akasmAta javalle maLI AvatA pATha nodhI zakAya; jema ke AcArasUtra 106mAM svIkRta-pATha : suttA muLa, munine yA, paNa te paranA TippaNa 1 mAM : pAThAMtara : ... sI mu . sAthe sarakhAvI AcAra- niryukti 212 (pR. 101) : sunnI muLio , savA muorLo...... zbrIMgano pATha (pR.13, paMkti 8) : suttA muLa muLio sAthe ....... ahIM zUbrIMgano sathavuM pATha zIlAMkanI TIkAmAMthI (pR. 101, pR. 321 mAM te lIdho nathI, paNa spaSTa thAya che! hastapratonA AdhAre cUrNio (ane niryuktio) prakAzita thatAM temAMthI paNa aneka jarUrI pAThAMtaro maLI AvavAnI ghaNI saMbhAvanA che. ahIM ane have pachI AcAra - jaina Agama graMthamAlA'nA (2.1), 1977nA prakAzananuM kAMI vivecana karavAmAM Avaze. 2. Aje kaI Adarza hastapratanA AdhAre graMthaprakAzana thayuM che te ghaNAM Adhunika prakAzanomAM spaSTa hotuM nathI. vaLI, graMthanA zrutaskaMdha, adhyayana, zataka, vagere jevA vibhAgo to koIvAra temanA udeza, varga vagere jevA peTA vibhAgo, tathA te sarvenAM nAmAbhidhAna, temanA aMte AvatI iti-zrI (Colophons), vagere - uparAMta sUtronA ke peTAvibhAgonA kramAMka ityAdi kaI hastapratamAM che ane kyAM nathI te badhuM darzAvavuM agatyanuM che. (jemake, lagabhaga badhI hastaprato AcAranA uddezonA kramAMka darzAvatI nathI, tema ja lagabhaga keTalIya hastaprato te uddezonA aMte AvatI itizrI darzAvatI nathI !) pothI prakAzanI ghaNI bAbate jema aspaSTa rahe che tema Adhunika graMtha prakAzanomAM aspaSTatA na rahevI ghaTe. dA.ta. AcAranI keTalIka hastapratomAM (aaN, , nai, tA - 1; juo AcAra Page #72 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ : hastaprata prakAzana maryAdAo, ane apekSAo 57 prastAvanA pR. 50-53) phakata AcAra - graMtha ja che ke te sAthe niyukti pANa che te spaSTa nathI. zIlAMka-TIkAnI kaI hastaprata ahIM Adarza svIkArya che te paNa spaSTa nathI (AcAra pR. 39, 40). 3. jaina paraMparAmAM cUrNi prAcInatama TIkA-prakAranuM eka sAhitya gaNAya che ane te sUtragraMtha tathA niyukita; ema baMnenuM TUMkamAM vivecana kare che. tethI mUlagraMtha'nA nirNaya mATe pAThAMtaromAM cUrNinI upekSA yogya nathI. koIka vAra tenA pAThAMtaro vadhAre vyAjabI lAge che. jema ke : AcArasUtra 155 : svIkRta pATha : je supaDivudhdha sUvaLI, te paranA TippaNa 13mAM zIlAMkano pATha : ....tinuddha, zIlAMkano (pR. 139) pATha : prativaddha che je cUrNinA ze suviddha rame suvatIyaM pATha sAthe saMvAda sAdhe che, jethI te eka apekSita padapaMti banI rahe che. zbrIMgane (pR.22 paMkti 16) koI bIjA pAThAMtaro ke A cUrNipATha nahotA maLyA. te sivAya AcAracUrNimAM (pR. 170) supaDivuddha 2 me jevo pATha paNa maLe che. (cUrNithI paNa prAcIna pATho koI vAra cUrNimAM na maLatAM bIjA koI graMthamAMthI paNa maLI Ave, A bAbatano viveka jarUrI che.) 4. AcAra sUtra 99, svIkRta pATha : de che dharamA.... brIMgano pATha (pR. 12 paMkti 13) : sa ca madhavAsamALa (vivecana mATe juo AcAra- prastAvanA pR. 53-54). vaLI zunnIMga (pR.12, TippA 13) jaNAve che ke, cUrNipratamAM 1 pATha sudhArIne (koIe) sa karyo che. A bAbata sUcave che ke cUrNipratanA koI lahiyAe e ja jANe..... evo yogya pATha UtAya hoya, ane bIjA koI lahiyAe ke koIe ya sudhArIne sa karyo hoya. AvA ja pAThathI eka paghapaMkti banI rahe che. AvA 1/2 thI dareka zabda joDavAnI viziSTatA prAcIna gamomAM ajANI nathI, jema ke AcAra sUtra 107 svIkRta pATha : sa6 vA ya thA ya... AnA AdhAre ahIM AcArasUtra 99mAM sade ja je hayAsamAne jevo koI pATha pUrve hovo joIe. ahIM divAsamAne mAM diyAmALa no Adisa luma (elision) thayo che. vaLI te pachI ja Avato hoya evo cUrNipATha paNa AcAranA TippaNamAM noMdhyo che. (jema ke sade che ja 5. AcAra sUtra 229 (gAthA 16), bIjI paMkti, svIkRta pATha: vasumaMto matimato nA badale guNimato matimaMta pATha vadhAre yogya lAge che, je tyAM TippaNa Page #73 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 14 harAvavA ane AgaLasAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana / / 14mAM nodhyo che. vaLI A pATha AcAcUrNimAM (pR.287) paNa che. ahIM prAkRta vasI zabdaPage #74 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ sazAhaprata prakAzana : maryAdAo ane apekSAo 59 dhuvayaM tat dhunatyamitte vaI) tathA zIlAMkanI TIkA (pR. 142 : samItIya pRhAtvA navAcharAvuiM - zarIra veti ) jotAM sI pATha vadhu yogya Thare che. AnA lIdhe te zlokapaMktinI akhaMDitatA jaLavAI rahe che. zubrIge paNa be hastapratonA AdhAre A pATha mAnya gAyo che (pR. 23 paMkti 27). uparAMta A pATha AcAra sUtra 99mAM AvatA eka zlokanI prathama paMkti che te spaSTa che. ahIM paNa TippaNa 14: Avo pATha cUrNi-saMmata che, tema nodha che. sarIra pATha zIlAMkanI TIkAnA pariziSTamAM (pR. 321) samAvyo nathI. AcAra sUtra 141nA gadha, ( zbrIga pR. 19 paMkti 18), cUrNi tathA zIlAMka, badhe dhULa sadI jevo pATha uparyukta zlokamAMthI aMzarUpe lIdho che. A zlokamAM AvatA #ma zabdano saMbaMdha dhU kriyApada sAthe rahe che te hakIkata paNa prAcIna sAhityanA pATha jotAM spaSTa thAya che, tyAM pharma/ma nA badale koIvAra rasa/, mana, jevA paryAya zabdo yojyA che, jema ke : dazavaikAlika 4.20 = (purU zma), dazavaikAlika 9.3.15. = dhuLiyA mane sUtrakRta 1.2.1.15 = vidhu. . . zi. . . . . sarakhAvo :chAMdogya upaniSada 8.13.1 - vidhU . . . dhUtvA zArIram | maitrAthami upaniSada 4:41.9: nidhUta-matta jetasa: kauzItaki upaniSada 1.4:- sukRta-kuti dhunate . muMDaka upaniSada 3.1.3 :- puSyAre vidhU.... uparyukta khAsa (3) thI (7)nA badhA pAThAMtarone pratonI maulikatAnA puna:sthApananA udAharaNa tarIke gaNI zakAya. AvA puna: sthApana mATe Avazyaka pATha jo koI eka hastapratamAM paNa prApta thaI jAya to saMzodhaka mATe te eka putrotsava" no prasaMga thaI paDe che ! paNa tevo koI pATha hastapratamAM na maLe to? to, tevI bAbata prakAzaka saMzodhana para choDI devI ? upara jaNAvelI badhI hakIkato parathI eTaluM to tAravI zakAya che ke hastaprataprakAzananuM kArya kliSTa ane vikaTa banI rahe che. vividha vAcanAonI ke zAkhAnI anekavidha hastapratono viveka karIne Thera Thera veravikhera, vikRta ke saMkIrNa pAThAMtarothI pUrNa te badhI vAcanAomAMthI prakAzanano saraLa mArga prakAzake jAte ja zodhavo rahyo. (Constitutio textus). dareka prakAzake temAM anukULa nIti Page #75 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 60 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana niyamo (intrinsic criteria) racI tene ThIka anusaravuM joIe. asaMkhya hastapratonA ane vAcanAonA AdhAre mahAbhAratanI samIkSita AvRttinA prakAzana mATe vI.esa. sukathaMkarane paNa potAno Agavo mArga nakkI karavo paDyo hato. te teNe prakAzita mahAbhAratanI mahA-prastAvanAmAMthI (Prolegomenon) jANI zakAya che. sAmAnya rIte hastaprata-prakAzana kArya be prakAramAM vaheMcI zakAya: (i) saMzodhanArtha : koI vidvAne taiyAra kareluM saMzodhana-lakSI hastaprata-prakAzana, ane (ii) nitAMta graMtha-prakAzanArtha: hastapratane Adarza mAnI tene anusarIne graMtha-prakAzana thAya, paNa bAkInI hastapratomAMthI ke itara graMthomAMthI pAThAMtaro apAvA joIe ke nahIM te bAbata gauNa rahe, AvAM prakAzanomAM pothI-prakAzano samAI jAya che.. bhagavatI-cUrNi - "avacUri', hastaprato : upara nirdezelA pothI-prakAzano viSe kAMI saMkSepamAM jaNAvavAnuM ahIM Avazyaka thaI paDe che. hastapratonA pAThomAM ke kyAMya pheraphAra karavo e ThIka nathI. AvA hastakSepo" pothI-prakAzanomAM vadhu jovA maLe che; ane pheraphAro ke vadhAro karavAnI AvI pravRttinAM mULa TheTha hastapratanA lahiyAo sudhI phelAyelAM hoya che te ahIM udAharaNarUpe bhagavatI uparanI cUrNi,avacUrinI hastapratonA avalokanathI jANI zakAze. (1) bhagavatIsUtra para AgaLa saMzodhana karavA mATe jinaratnakoza (ha. dA. valaMkara, - BORI, Poona 1944; p. 290) ane mukhyatve vaDodarAnA prApya vighA" vibhAganA saMzodhana sAmayika (25; 2 jI Disembara 1975) mujaba bhagavatIcUrNinI hastaprato kramAMka 90, 91, 854, 6531, 6532, 6549, 6731 ane 9999 mAMthI koI yogya prata prApta karavA 1978mAM huM pATaNa gayo, ane pUrA graMthanI mAlUma paDatAM te pratomAMthI 854 sivAyanI be hastaprato (6531 ane 6549) lAvIne meM temanI phoTosTeTa karAvI daivayoge 1974mAM suratathI pothI-prakAre bahAra paDeluM : "bhagavatI-avacUri" zIrSakavALuM eka prakAzana jovA maLatAM, meM te meLavI lIdhuM ane hastapratonI sAthe sAthe teno paNa abhyAsa karatAM jaNAyuM ke, A 'bhagavatI-avacUri' te hastapratonA ja graMthano utAro che! paNa koI paMDita-prakAzake tenA A pothI- prakAzanamAM Page #76 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastaprata-prakAzana : maryAdAo ane apekSAo 61 prastAvanA-rUpe kAMIpaNa mAhitI ApI nathI ke teNe kyAMthI, kevI rIte, keTalI saMkhyAmAM hastaprato meLavI. paNa te prakAzanamAM koI koI vAra teNe saMskRtamAM pAdadipo mUkI che, temAMthI kAMI tAravI zakAya ke tame koI 6-7 hastapratono upayoga karyo haze. A TipamAM te A "avacUri'ne 'TIkA' tarIke jaNAve che. tenA eka pAnA para nAgarI lipimAM paraMtu gujarAtI bhASAmAM be Tipa Ave che, jemAM A 'avasUri' no cUrNi' tarIke nirdeza karyo che ! (kadAca, A be Tipa paMDita-prakAzakanI na hoya, paraMtu koI anya avidvAnano hastakSepa" hoya ema lAge che !) vaLI, A prakAzake zarUAtamAM sUtragraMthonA kramamAM paNa ghaNo pheraphAra karyo che, tathA Thera Thera zataka, uddeza vagerenA prAraMbha mATe tathA aMte maLatI itizrI mATe hastapratane akSaraza: anusaryo nathI. te ghaNI vAra sUtragraMtha (= sUtrapratIka) AgaLa sUtra jevo zabda tathA TIkAgraMtha AgaLa "vapUri' jevo zabda nodhe che. . (2) mULe baMne hastapratomAM thayelA pheraphAra paNa dhyAna kheMce evA che. prata 653ranA aMte itizrImAM 'ti matyavaLi: rasamAMtA" ema lahiyAe noMdhyuM che, jyAre te pratanA dareka pAtranI DAbI bAjunA hAMsiyA upara mA-1 nI noMdha Ave che, paNa te pratanA chellA patramAM tevI nodha sudhArIne tyAM 'vipUri' lakhyuM che. A rIte prata 6549 nA aMte itizrImAM lahiyAe 'ti mAvatI nyU : parisamAMtA' ema lakhyuM che, ane te pratanAM pAtronA DAbI bAjunA hAMsiye uparanA bhAgamAM patra 611-616 para 'ma-3vacUri', patra, 638da69 para "mA. 7." ane vaLI patra 636, 637, 670, 678 para pharIthI ma.cULa jevI nodho karI che, paraMtu patra 601-610 para AvatI "mAgUrja" jevI nodha upara "va upasarga mUkI te "mA.vibhU'i jevuM vaMcAya tevI koziza karI che. (AvA sudhArA-vadhArA kadAca mULa lahiyAe ja karyA hoya evuM lAge che. lahiyAone AvA pheraphAro karavA paDyA te pAchaLanuM kAraNa AgaLa spaSTa karavAmAM Avaze. VI. 8). (3) uparyukata hastapratono tathA pothIno abhyAsa karatAM spaSTa thAya che ke te saLaMga saMskRtamAM racAyelI bhagavatIsUtra paranI Aja lagI ajANI rahelI eka prAcIna TIkA che. abhayadeve potAnI bhagavatI vRtti mATe A TIkAno AdhAra laI teno vRtti', 'TIkA' ke mUlaTIkA' tarIke ullekha karyo che. joke maLI AvatI A prAcIna TIkAne meM vyAkhyAna' nAma ApyuM che. abhayadevanI Page #77 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 62 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana bhagavatI vRtti, A hastaprato, prAcIna TIkA ane cUrNi vagerenuM vistRta vivecana mArA eka saMzodhanalekhamAM prasiddha thaze (Berliner indologische Studien; Inst. for Indian Philology, Free Uni. Berlin). (4) sugamatA khAtara vyAkhyAna-TIkAvALI pratono sarve hastapratonA pravAhagata varNananA saMdarbhamAM koI vAra avacUrNi,avacUri tarIke ane cUrNigraMthavALI pratono cUrNi tarIke nirdeza karIzuM. 'bhagavatI-cUrNi' jevA zIrSaka heThaLa nodhAyelI, kAgaLa para lakhAyelI A badhI hastaprato 15mI sadI pachInI che. temAM maLI Avato (maMgaLagraMtha sivAyano) mULa graMtha-prAraMbha, aMte maLI Avato "aMta-graMtha' ane tyAra pachI maLI AvatI itizrI (graMtha-nAma, graMthA, vagere) nIce darzAvavAmAM Ave che. (a) graMtha-prAraMbha : 1. puvI riI /jitivodaya re.. ityAdi. (prata = 90, 91, 6531, 6731, 9999) = bhagavatI. 1.5.44 (juo AgaLa...) 2. tenuM rAtre temAM samai ....... ityAdi (prata = 854, 6532, 6549). = bhagavatI 1.1.4 (juo AgaLa.....) (A) "aMtagraMtha' : Danu . rama/karama.... saMDyA ....... ityAdi (prata : 90, 91, 854, 6531, 6532, 6731, 6549, 9999); badhI pratomAM! (juo AgaLa......) (I) itizrI : 1.prata : 90 (patra 1-56) : mAvatI gUf... uttama... graMthA 6 9 (?) .... majUra 3500... majAvatamUrSi samApatA...... 2. prata : 91 (patra 1-57) : maLavata pU... uttama... graMthA 6 9 majUra 360 (graMthAgra?) ..... mAvatI pUrSi samAnaM (!).. 3. prata : 854 (patra. 1-35)...ti mAvatyajU irisamAtA.. Page #78 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastaprata-prakAzana : maryAdAo ane apekSAo 63 4. prata : 6531 (patra 50-106, 1148-1204) ..ti mAvatI-jU irisama tA. . . graMthAi 6009 (?)... 5. prata: 6532 (patra 107-155/1205-1253) .....ti mavibhU irisamatA.. 6. prata: 6731 (patra 1080).....mAvatI-jUrva-sasaMpUrNa >> thAya 3pa90... 7. prata: 6549 (patra 1-78 601-678)...ti zrI mamavatIpUrNa parisamAkheti.... 8. prata: 9999 (patra 1-42)..... mavatI-a[f... umAmI prathA 6504 (?)... vagUra 3500..... mAvatInU samAnaM (?) ('aMtagraMtha' ane itizrI mATe karelI mULa vistRta nodho A prasaMge nahIM maLI AvatAM tenI uparathI karelI TUMkI tAravaNIno ja ahIM AdhAra levo paDyo che, tethI vAcakavarga kSamya gaNaze. paraMtu ahIM satyanI tAravaNImAM koI virodha na Ave te para pUratuM dhyAna ApavAmAM AvyuM che.) jaiina vizva bhAratI'nI (lADanU) tathA "lAladalapata bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmaMdira'nI (amadAvAda) vAraMvAra mulAkAte jatAM ane tyAM cAlI rahelAM hastapratomAMthI bhagavatI-cUrNinAM prakAzana-kArya tapAsatAM mAlUma paDyuM ke bhagavatI 1.5 nI gAthA : 'davI.... gohi.....'thI ja A cUrNi zarU thAya che (juo upara ga = prAraMbha-1; sarakhAvo : bhagavatIsUtra 1.5.45 upara abhayadevavRtti pR. 68| b gAthA = "DhavI Dhiti mogA..... vagere). paraMtu avacUrinI prato jotAM te bhagavatIsUtra 15.44 mAM AvatI kula 1-6 gAthAothI (tasApa vIsA... ravimA II) zarU thAya che ane cUrNipratomAM AvatI bhagavatI 1.5 nI guDhavI phi moDA..... jevI gAthAno avacUrinI pratomAM ullekha nathI. avacUrinI prato to mULe bhagavatI 1.1.4 nA pratIkathI (te jo temAM samag...) zarU thAya che. (juo upara . prAraMbha. 2). AthI spaSTa thAya che ke cUrNinI prato ane avacUrinI prato tathA graMtho bhinna bhinna che, cUrNigraMtha bhagavatI 1.5. thI tathA avacUrigraMtha bhagavatI 1.1. thI zarU thAya che. A paristhiti aMtagraMthamAM badalAI jAya che. cUrNinI ane avacUrinI = badhI ja pratomAM 'aMtagraMtha - Dayuma.. rama. Page #79 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 64 hastapratavidyA ane Aga sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana parima... ityAdi lagabhaga samAna jAya che te thoDuMka vivecana mAgI le che. 5. bhagavatI ra5. sUtro 75-750 mAM numa ityAdi tathA bhagavatI 26. sUtra 816, bhagavatI 30. sUtra 827 ane bhagavatI 33. sUtro 846848; ane vaLI bhagavatI 34. sUtro 849-853 mAM koI koI vAra carama/ mAma... ityAdi; ane vaLI pAchuM bhagavatI 31. sUtro 828-840, bhagavatI 32. sUtro 841- 84ra mAM gumma/Danuma.. ityAdi viSayone vANI letAM vivaraNa Ave che. ane te uparanAM vivaraNomAM paNa ghaNA zatakomAM ane tenA uddezomAM anya zatakonA ane uddezonA paraspara ullekho AvyA kare che; temAM khAsa karIne zataka 33 mAM zataka 31no AdhAra, tathA zataka 34 mATe zataka 33 no AdhAra levAnAM sUcano che. vaLI zataka rUpamAM kuma/Day... ane varama/ garama otaprota thaI zataka 33no AdhAra le che. (juo. abhayadevavRtti pR. 873/a, 862 a, 890/b, 931/3, 9pa2/b, 959/b vagere vagere). mumune .. ane garama /zarama... vagere viSayo ane temanAM vivaraNa zataka 3334 lagI evAM kilaTa, ekadhAryA ane lagabhaga ekasarakhAM lAge ema jatAM hovAthI te kayA zatakanuM ke kayA uddezanuM che te athavA to te kayA pUrva zataka ke pUrva uddezane AdhAre cAlI Ave che te nakkI karavAnuM ja jyAM muzkela hoya tyAM te kayA " sUtranuM - ke kyAMthI lIdhuM che te to kevI rIte nakkI thAya? abhayadevane pAga ahIM vRttimAM muzkelI paDI hatI tema te jaNAve che (pR. 970/b = juo nIce) ! 6. paraMtu vyAkhyAna AmAM ApaNane kAMIka spaSTatA kare che. vyAkhyAna zataka 31-41nuM vivaraNa phakata 34 lITImAM ja (hastapratamAM lagabhaga 7-8 lITImAM ja) pUruM kare che. temAMya zataka 32-33 para tenuM vivaraNa nathI, zataka 31 mATe hastapratanI phakta 1 lITI, zataka 34 mATe phakta 4 paraMparAgata gAthA, zataka 35 mATe phakta 4 lITIo (= rarachApelI lITIo) ane zataka 36-41 mATe phakata 3 gAthAono ja ullekha kare che. vyAkhyAnanA zataka 35 paranA saMkSipta (hastapratanI phakata 4 lITIo) vivaraNanA saMdarbhamAM te zatakanA aMte abhayadeve karelo nirdeza ApaNane A prazna ukelavA madadarUpa nIvaDe che. abhayadeve potAnI vRttinI zarUAtamAM upodghAtarUpe pAga pR.1/a para eka zlokamAM spaSTa karyuM che ke teNe A TIkA (=vyAkhyAna) ane cUrNi = baMnenAM saMyojana karIne bhagavatInuM vivaraNa karyuM che. tAjUf... saMyo paMcamAM vikRmi...) paNa bhagavatI zataka 35 para cUrNi nahIM hotAM. abhayadevane A zatakanA vivaraNa mATe phakta Page #80 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastaprata-prakAzana : maryAdAo ane apekSAo - 65 vyAkhyAnanI ja TIkA - jo ke te saMkSipta hatI topaNa-te TIkAno ja AdhAra " levo paDyo. AvuM abhayadeva A zatakanA aMte eka padyaracanA karIne spaSTa kare che ke "cADyA rAtAca tA saMkaSTa, rInthiA na na rAti mU*i bhagavatI 41nA aMte abhayadevanI eka bIjI padyapaMkti paNa A bAbatanI puSTi kare che (juo pR. 979/a - " tevu. vivRtiniSi virA...' "ahIM - zatako 36-41 sudhImAM vivRti - = vyAkhyAna-TIkA- ane cUrNinAM vivaraNa vagara....". zataka 39-41 mATe vyAkhyAnanI potAnI TIkA nathI, paNa te phakata 3 gAthAo ja TAMke che !). A uparathI pANa nizcita thAya che ke pUrNi 34mAM zataka para to che ja, paNa 35 mA zataka para nathI, ane avasUri vyAkhyAna ke TIkA 3pamA zataka para che ja ane te zataka 36-41 ne paNa 3 gAthAomAM AvarI le che. Ama uparyukata aMtagraMtha' (juo 4 : A upara) zitaka 34 sudhInI mUrNi mATe paNa hoI zake, ane acUri' mATe (zataka 3541) pAga lAgu paDI zake. AthI ema kahI zakAya ke bhagavatI 1.5 thI zarU thatI badhI prato (90, 91, 6531, 6731, 9999) cUrNinI che tathA bhagavatI 11. thI zarU thatI prato (854, 6532, 654) avacUrinI che. 7. upara 4: $ itizrI uparathI paNa jaNAya che ke prata 6531-653ranI patra saMkhyA saLaMga jAya che. 50-106 = (prata 6531) + 107-155 ( =prata 6532) athavA : 1148-1204 (=prata 6531) + 1204 - 1253 (=prata 6532) eTale prata 6531-6532 nAM kula patra 50 - 155 - athavA 1148 - 1253 thAya; ane te baMne prato eka ja DAbaDA 165mAM mukAI che. kadAca temanA patramAMka (prathama 50 thI athavA 1148 thI zarU) ane pratikramAMka (6531/6532) pAchaLathI badalavAmAM AvyA hoya ; eTale ke 6531 (=cUrNinI hastaprata), 6532 (avacUrinI hastaprata); cUrNi-prata pahelAM, avacUri-prata pachI. AthI A baMne prato pUrI thatAM te baMnenA graMthAgra *abhayadevanA AvA ullekhono evo artha paNa thAya ke (1) cUrNie ane/ke vyAkhyAne te te bhagavatInA zataka para potAnI vyAkhyA nathI lakhI, paNa phakata paraMparAgata keTalIka gAthAo ja noMdhIne saMtoSa mAnyo che; athavA to (2) teoe tevI gAthAo paNa nathI nodhI ane potAnI vyAkhyA paNa nathI lakhI ! ...sAcI hakIkata to cUrNi prakAzita thaI gayA pachI bahAra AvI zake. - baMsIdhara bhaTTa Page #81 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 66 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana keTalIkavAra bhegA ApavAmAM AvyA che, temAM avacUrinA graMthAgra 3590 lAge che (juo prata 90 ane 9979), avacUrinA pothI-prakAzana mujaba tenA graMthAgra 3118 che, tethI kadAca pratamAM ke pothI-prakAzanamAM bhUla hoya ! baMne pratonA samagratayA graMthAgra lagabhaga 60 (juo prata 91, 6531, 9999) gaNIe ane avacUrinA graMthA lagabhaga 3600 gaNIe to cUrNinA graMthAgra lagabhaga +/-2400 thAya. pothI-prakAzananA graMthAgra 3118 gaNatAM cUrNinA graMthAga lagabhaga +/-2900 thAya. Ama koIka kAraNathI cUrNinA graMthAgramAM +-pa0 no taphAvata rahe che. eTale ke sarerAza : jo dareka patranI bAju 22 se.mI. X 8 se.mI. hoya, temAM 16 lITIo samAtI hoya, ane dareka lITImAM jo 65 akSaro Ave to lagabhaga 500 graMthAga = +-15 patra cUrNipratamAM vadhI jAya! AmAM pratanA akSaronI jhINavaTa, lITIo, patranI laMbAIpahoLAI, lakhANa tathA pRSThasaMkhyA patranI eka ja bAjue che ke baMne bAjue te, tathA lahiyAonI bhUlo, vagere vagere - badhI bAbatono viveka karavo rahyo. vaLI, patrasaMkhyA jatAM, temAM vadhaghaTa dekhAI Ave che, jemake prata 834 avacUri = phakta 35 patramAM jyAre prata 6549 avacUri = 78 patramAM pUrI thAya che ! A rIte patra 9999 cUrNi : phakta 42 patramAM, jyAre prata 3731 cUrNi 80 patramAM pUrI thAya che ! AthI cUrNiprata mATe +-15 patranI upekSA karatAM ema lAge che ke cUrNipratanI ane avacUripratanI patrasaMkhyA, darekanI lagabhaga 50 = samAna jAya che, ane baMne prato bhegA maLIne patrasaMkhyA lagabhaga 100 thAya che. 8. eka bAbata hajI kAMIka aspaSTa rahe che. avacUrinI aMtima ItizrI jevI ja itizrI cUrNinA aMte paNa kema? juo cUrNiprata 90, 91, 6531, 6731, 9999 temAM cUrNi uparAMta avacUrino paNa ullekha (prato 90, 91, 9999) tathA avasUrinA graMthAgra (prato, 90, 6731, 9999) uparAMta baMne pratonA samagra graMthAgra (prato 91, 6531, 9999) Ave che ! cUrNionI bIjI hastapratonAM avalokana karatAM A bAbata upara kAMI prakAza paDI zake. paNa ahIM ema mAnavuM rahyuM ke cUrNi-avacUrinI prato bhegI rahetI; temAM cUrNinI itizrI ane avacUrinI itizrI paNa parasparano ullekha karatI haze, tathA parasparanA graMthAga darzAvatI haze. AnA lIdhe prata 6549 avacUrinI itizrImAM cUrNino ullekha thayo che ane prata 6532 avasUrinI itizrImAM avasUrino Page #82 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastaprata-prakAzana : maryAdAo ane apekSAo ullekha thayo che; jyAre lahiyAoe teonAM keTalAMka patromAM cUrNi/avacUrNi jevA sudhArA karyA che te upara (VI. 2) jaNAvyuM che ! lahiyAonI AvI pravRtti pAchaLa paNa A badhI prato ekameka thaI gaI che, te ja kAraNa tarIke gaNAvI zakAya ! eka evuM paNa tAravI zakAya ke jeTalI cUrNinI prato che te badhI sAthe avacUri vyAkhyAnanI prato paNa bhegI hovI joIe, prata 6531 sAthe prata 6532 saLaMga hatI tevuM upara (VI. 1) jaNAvyuM che. prata 854 svataMtra jAya che, paNa prata 6549 (juo patra 601-678) paNa koI cUrNiprata sAthe haze, jene pAchaLathI chUTI pADavAmAM AvI lAge che. vaLI, Ama "avacUri" nA khoTA zIrSaka nIce tathA cUrNinI hastapratonI aMdara 'vyAkhyAna' TIkA lupta thayelI hAlatamAM rahI gaI, ane te jyAre prakAzamAM AvI - Aje prApta thaI - tyAre paNa hajI "avacUri' nA aMdhArapacheDAmAM ja paDI rahI che. A rIte gaMdhahastinI AcAra TIkA paNa kyAMya luma rahI gaI hoya to navAI nahIM! aneka hastapratonAM patro jotAM, adhyayana karatAM kadAca A TIkA paNa ApaNA nasIbamAM prApta thaI jAya ! AvuM kyAre saMbhave ? udAratA ane sahakAra : jo sAdhusamAja ane khAnagI jaina saMsthAonA saMcAlako A mATe jarAka udAratA dAkhave ane sahakAra bakSe to AvI hastaprato prApta paNa thaI jAya ! amuka jainetara che ke zvetAMbara/digaMbarano che tethI amuka jaina AgamanI hastaprata tene na apAya; athavA amuka viSayanA jaina Agamo amuka prakAzita na kare, - evuM badhuM kyAM sudhI ? dilhImAM eka jainetara vyakitane saMzodhanArthe eka jaina AgamanI hastaprata (nI phoTosTeTa paNa) ApavAnI amuka saMsthAe nA pADI; ane te rIte eka Agama graMtha saMbaMdhita hastaprata mATe paNa eka sAdhue ahIM AnAkAnI karyAnI hakIkata paNa jANavA maLI che. sAcA bhikSune sAdhune to parigrahamAM mamatva hotuM ja nathI (je vihU.... huM gamamAmAne AcAra 88); evo bhagavAna mahAvIrano upadeza kyAre samajAze ? ekalI eka ja hastapratanuM prakAzana karavuM zakya nathI, ane te prakAzana thAya to paNa pAThAMtaro vagara tenI kiMmata keTalI ? tenI phoTosTeTa ja ApavAnI rahetI hatI, ane te hastaprata to je te mAlikanI pAse ja rahevAnI hatI ! Page #83 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 68 hastapratavidyA ane Aga sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana sAdhusamAja ane jaina saMsthAone mArI namra vinaMtI che ke AvI bAbatomAM paNa teo kRpA karIne amane saune yogya sahakAra arpe, thoDIka udAratA bakSe, amane madadarUpa nIvaDe ! hastaprata prakAzana paNa eka saMpradAyanuM ja kArya che, pahelAMnAM pothI- prakAzanonI jema A kArya paNa dharmamAM vaNI levAya; dharma tarIke gaNI levAya. muni puNyavijyajI emanA tapazcaryAmaya jIvanamAM paNa Avo dharma jIvI jANyA. aMdhArA bhaMDAromAM purAI rahelI aneka Agama hastaprato emaNe baMdhanamukta karI prakAzamAM ANI, ane e AgamaprabhAkara/AgamodvAraka' - tarIke prazaMsA pAmyA. AcArAMgasUtranA zabdomAM jaNAvuM to 'e vIra prazaMsA pAmyo che je baMdhanamAM rahelAMne mukta kare che' ( vIre pati ne Dimovara 91, 103), ane "e ja aparigrahI nirmama munie sAco mArga nIhALyo che (je hu dipaTTe muLI nasa nadhei mamata '97). eono Avo Adarza apanAvIne ja A janmazatAbdIno utsava manAvIe ! saMkSipta saMketa ane mukhya saMdarbha-graMtha sUci: AKM ANIS BSOAS JAOS JRAS OLZ WZKM Abhandl. Kunde. Morgen. Germany. Alt. and Neu-indische Studien. Uni Hamburg, Germany. Bulletin of the School Of Oriental & African Studies. UK. Journal of the American Oriental Society. USA. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society. UK. Orientalistische Literatur-Zeitung. Germany. Wiener Zeitschrift fuer die Kunde D. Morgenl. Austria. Zeitschrift der Dentschen Morgenl. Gesellsch. Germany.. ZDMG Page #84 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastaprata-prakAzana : maryAdAo ane apekSAo 69 abhayadeva (vRtti). AcAra cUrNi AcAra niryukita AcAra sUtra bhagavatI sUtra) (pR) : juo bhagavatI (sUtra) (pR.)'' AcAra-cUrNi, zrI RSabhadevajI kezarImalajI zvetAMbara saMsthA, ratalAma 1941. juo zIlAMka (pR....)' mAyAmutta saMpAdaka muni jaMbUvi. jaina Agama graMthamAlA" 2.1 muMbaI 1977. ahIM saLaMga sUtrakramAMka hovAthI prastuta lekhamAM phakta sUtrasaMkhyAno ja upayoga karyo che, paNa AcAranA vibhAgo, peTAvibhAgo darzAvyAM nathI. : bhagavatIsUtra, abhayadevanI vRtti sAthe. Agamodaya samiti 12-14. muMbaI 1918-21. AcAra, (sUtrakRtAMga), AcAraniryukti, (sUtrakRtAMganiyukti), zIlAMkanI TIkA sAthe. saMpAdaka muni jaMbUvijyajI. motIlAla banArasIdAsa, dilhI 1978. Walther Schubring : Acara I.... AKM 12.4 Leipzig 1910. Kraus Reprint, Nendeln 1966 (p. samIkSA : E. Leumann ... Z 1-7-1929 . "vorTa mahAvIrajha') zIlAMka (pR....) zUbIMga (pR... paMkti.) Page #85 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ - 7. mughalakALamAM gRhavikrayanuM phArasI bhASAmAM khatapatra goviMdabhAI modI amadAvAda zaheranI aMdara kALupura vistAramAM koTanI aMdara eka poLa AvelI che. tenuM nAma che bhaMDerIpoLa. saltanatanA samayamAM te sthaLe eka vizALa nagara hatuM. tenuM nAma hatuM bhaMDerIpurA. phArasI itihAsakAroe tenI noMdha havelI bhaMDerIpurA athavA cakalA bhaMDerIpurA tarIke lIdhI che. A vistAramAMthI vividha sthaLoethI lagabhaga traNaso varSanI AsapAsamAM lakhAyelA phArasI khatapatro uparathI A nagaranI vizALatA, samRddhi ane samAjavyavasthAno aMdAja Ave che. pramANabhUta sAdhano jevA ke sutarAu kApaDa upara tatkAlIna zaherakAjhInI mahoravALA khatapatromAM makAna, jamIna ane anya milakatonA kharIdavecANanA ullekho jANavA maLe che. te samaye bhArata upara mughala zahenazAhI dilhInI rAjagAdI uparathI zAsana saMbhALatA. gujarAta upara rAjyavahIvaTa saMbhALavA mATe dIlhIthI subAo mokalavAmAM AvatA. zahenazAha akabaranA, samayamAM rAjAToDaramalanI gujarAta khAte nimaNUka karavAmAM AvI hatI. teo jamIna mApaNI, jamInamahesUla ane mojaNI ane jamAbaMdhI kAryamAM kuzaLa, niSagAta hatA. temanA samayamAM phArasI bhASAne rAjyabhASAno darajjo ApavAmAM Avyo hato, ane samagra rAjyavahIvaTa kArasI bhASAmAM thavA mAMDyo hato. prajAmAMthI buddhizALI, prabuddha ane AgaLa paDatI jJAtiomAMthI phArasIbhASAno jANakAra eka varga Ubho thayo ane A rIte khatapatro phArasI bhASAmAM lakhAvAnI zarUAta thaI. amadAvAdamAM zaherakAjhInI kacerImAM phArasI bhASAmAM lakhAyelA khatapatro lakhavAnuM ane noMdhaNI karavAnuM kAmakAja zarU thayuM hatuM. bhaMDerIpurAnuM eka khatapatra te samayanA zaherakAjhI sirAjuddIna hakka hIjarI sana 1193 eTale I. sa. 1778nA varSe temanI hAjarImAM lakhavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. te khatapatranuM gujarAtImAM bhASAntara nIce pramANe che. Page #86 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 71 mughalakALamAM gRhavikrayanuM phArasI bhASAmAM khatapatra mahIra athavA sikako mahaMmada sirAjuddIna hakaka hIjarI sana - 1197 pakSakAronuM kabUlAtanAmuM : duniyAnAM suMdara zaheromAM navoDhA samAna surakSita zahera ahamadAbAdanA koTa vistAramAM bhaMDerIpurA havelI - cakalAmAM pADApoLamAM A makAna AveluM che. kAjhInI kacerImAM khAtarI amIcaMda abhecaMda hAjara thaIne kabUla kare che ke tene vArasAmAM maLeluM asala hakaka hissAvALu A makAna tenI mAlikInuM che. makAnanuM varNana: makAnanA AgaLanA bhAgamAM eka moTo vizALa oTalo Avelo che. tenI eka bAjue DelI AvI che. DelI upara meDo che. eka parazALa ane moTo khullo coka che. cokanI traNe bAju oraDA AvelA che. ane chIMDImAM eka kUvo Avelo che. A makAnanI bIjI bAjue mIThIbahenanuM makAna che. A banne makAna vacce sahiyAruM eka pANI bharavAnuM TAMku AveluM che. temAM varasAdanuM pANI bharavAmAM Ave che ane banne bhAIbahena bAremAsa te TAMkAnuM pANI vApare che. A makAna pAkI ITo vaDe caNeluM che. tenA upara eka meDI AvelI che. chAparAne lAkaDAnI pATaDIo, pIDhIA, vaLIo, vAMsanA khapATIA ane naLiyAM vaDe chAyeluM che. meDI upara uttara bAjue bArIo AvelI che. ane coka, cAla, pANIno nikAla AgaLa AMgaNAmAM thaIne ane pAchaLa baMdha galImAMthI thAya che. varasAdanA pANInA nava be DhALiyuM-chAparu hovAthI banne bAju vahe che. A makAna suthArI gaja 387 mApanI jamIna upara bAMdhavAmAM AvyuM che. have khAtarI abhecaMdanI dIkarI ane khAtarI amIcaMdanI bahena mIThIbahena tenA bhAI amIcaMdanI tarapheNamAM potAnA vArasAhakaka, hisso jato karyo che ane tenuM lakhANa karavAmAM AvyuM che. havethI A makAna khAtarI amIcaMda abhecaMdanA saMpUrNa kabaja, bhogavaTA sAthe ane asala hakaka hissA sAthe mAlikI hakakavALuM bane che. Page #87 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 72 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana vecANa lenAra : khAtarI becara mULacaMda che. A makAnanI kiMmata mahaMmadazAhI rUpIA ra0 baso eTale ke gujarAtI TaMkazALanA calaNa mujaba rUpIA 100/ ekaso thAya che. A rUpIA amIcaMda khAtarIne maLyA che ane te kabUla kare che, ke have A makAnano kabaje, bhogavaTo, hakaka, hisso khAtarI becara mULacaMdane ApI dIdho che. temAM kAMI bhUlacUka thAya to tene mATe khAtarI amIcaMda javAbadAra che. A kharIda-vecANa banne pakSakArone kabUla maMjUra che. lakhANa samaye kacerImAM pakSakAronA sAkSIo hAjara che. (1) khAtarI mULacaMda bIna kizora bIna mANeka che. te raMge ghauM varNanA che. AMkho upara kALI bhamaro jaDI che. AMkhono raMga kALo che. (2) khAtarI mANekacaMda lakSmIcaMda che, teo ghauM varNanA che, caherA upara zILInAM cAThAM che. bhramaro, kALI, jADI ane banne bAjuthI joDAyelI ane UMcI che. nAkanI jamaNI bAjue kALuM cAThuM che, ane DAbI bAjue kALo tala che. A banne sAkSIonI hAjarImAM zaherakAjhInI kacerImAM hIjarI sana 1193mAM eTale I. sa. 1778mAM A dastAveja karavAmAM Avyo. kAjhI mahaMmada sirAjuddIna hakanI hAjarImAM banne pakSakArone kabUla maMjUra che. sAkSIonI sahI : (1) khAtarI khemacaMda (3) khAtarI virajarAma (5) janoIdhArI brAhmaNa (2) khAtarI jagajIvaNa (4) kAyastha vinI (vijyarAma) (6) khAtarI bhukhaNadAsa mughalakAlIna phArasI bhASAmAM lakhAyelA khatapatronI lAkSaNikatAo : mughalakAlIna phArasI bhASAmAM lakhAyelA dastAvejo moTAbhAge havelI bhaMDerIpurA, havelI tInalImaDI ane havelI DhIMkuvA Adi sthaLonA upalabdha banyA che. te traNe sthaLonA khatapatronI viziSTatAo noMdhapAtra che. (1) kArasI khatapatra lakhavA mATe vaparAtuM kApaDa sapheda, jADuM khAdI jevuM, chatAM vaNATamAM ghaTTa rahetuM. te samayanA harijana vAgakaro evuM TakAu kApaDa vaNatA ke je lAMbA samayanA aMtare kahovAI ke saDI nA jAya. (2) kApaDa upara kAMmizrita drAvaNa caDAvavAmAM AvatuM temAM evAM dravyo meLavavAmAM AvatAM ke UdhaI athavA kITako kApaDano nAza na kare. Page #88 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ mughalakALamAM gRhavikrayanuM phArasIbhASAmAM khatapatra (3) khatapatra lakhavAmAM vAta-kalama athavA barUno kitto vAparavAmAM Avato. (4) kALA raMganI zAhI evI ghaTTa banAvAtI ke akSaro kALA, jADA ane suvAcya banI rahetA. A zAhImAM dIvelanA dIvAnI meza ane koIkavAra lAkhanA dvAvaNanuM mizraNa paNa vaparAtuM. (5) khatapatra upara tatkAlIna zaherakAjhInA nAmanI hIjarIsana sAthenI suMdara ane suDoLa mahora mAravAmAM AvatI. tenI bhASA suvAcya ane surekha rahetI. (6) eka karatA vadhAre nakalo taiyAra karAtI tyAre phArasImAM 'asala uparathI nakala' tevo vAkyaprayoga yojavAmAM Avato. (7) zaheranA nAmane alaMkArika bhASAmAM lakhAtuM jema ke 'duniyAnA khUbasurata (suMdara) zaheromAM dulhana (navoDhA) samAna ane majabUta koTavaDe rakSAyeluM zahera ahamadAbAda.' 7: (8) kharIdavecANanA makAnanuM cokkasa sthAna darzAvavA najadIkanA jAhera sthaLa ke imAratano ullekha karAto jema ke bhaMDerIpurA cakalAmAM rAjamArga upara 'daraveza joTIMgazA pIranI majAra sAme' tInalImaDI vistAramAM saiyada bukhArI (pIraNAnA dhArmika sthaLanA sevaka) nA vizALa makAnanI bAjumAM athavA havelI DhIkuvA vistAramAM valaMdAnI koThI sAme. (9) zaheramAM te samaye paNa pANInI taMgI vartAtI haze. tene dhyAnamAM laIne pIvA, rasoI karavAnA pANI mATe makAnanA bAMdhakAma agAu osarI ke chIMDImAM kUvo banAvavAnuM Ayojana karAtuM. (10) vizALa makAnonA taLIe varasAdI pANI saMgrahI rAkhavA mATe jamInamAM pANInA TAMkAnuM Ayojana karAtuM. ghaNI vakhata be makAna vacce sahiyAru TAMku prayojavAmAM AvatuM. ghaNA moTA TAMkAmAM UtaravA mATe caNelI nIsaraNI ane garamImAM besavA mATe beThako banAvavAmAM AvatI. AvA TAMkAone vividha prakAranI kamAnonA TekA vaDe majabUta banAvavAmAM AvatA. koIka TAMku be ke vadhAre oraDAvALuM banAvAtuM. A pANI bAremAsa cokhkhuM ane tAjuM rahetuM, ane sAmAnya vaparAzamAM ke dhaMdhA kAmamAM levAtuM. TAMkAnA pANInA sahiyArA upayoga mATe paNa spaSTa lakhANa karAtuM. (11) makAnanA bAMdhakAmanuM kSetraphaLa suthArI gaja (be phUTano gaja) nA mApamAM lakhAtuM. Page #89 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 74 hastapanavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana (12) makAnanA bAMdhakAmamAM vaparAtI vastuonuM varNana lakhAtuM jema ke pAkI ITo vaDe caNAeluM, pATaDIo, pIDhIA, sAganI vaLIo, vAMsanA khapATIA ane naLiyA vaDe chAMyeluM. varasAdanA pANInA nikAlanI khAsa cokhavaTa karavAmAM AvatI. (13) vaDIlopArjita milakatamAM dIkarIno paNa bhAga rAkhavAmAM Avato kadAca muslima zAsana ane dhArAdhoraNa (zarIata)nI sAMprata samAja upara asara haze. (14) jyAre jJAtino ullekha karavAmAM Avato tyAre teonA cokkasa vyApAranI paNa noMdha levAtI. jema ke kuMbhAra kodara ITo banAvanAra ke naLIyAM banAvanAra, suthAra ghoTIlA ghaDanAra athavA phALakA ke vajana tolavAnI dAMDI banAvanAra. khatrI ussAra eTale taiyAra thayelA kApaDane usa vaDe dhoIne (A usa prAMtIja bAjuthI kSAranI popaDIo svarUpe lavAto) svaccha banAvanAra. (15) amadAvAdamAM dAudI vhorA alpa saMkhyaka che temane mATe "nAnI komanA muslima ane pramANamAM bahusaMkhyaka evI sunnI jamAta mATe moTI komanA muslima' evo koIka khatapatramAM ullekha thayo che. (16) pakSakAro ke sAkSImAM koI bahena vatI anya vyakti sahI kare tyAre nAma AgaLanuM ka (sAthiyAnuM) cihna doravAmAM AvatuM. (17) makAna vecanAra - lenAranA aTaka athavA jJAtinA ullekha sAthe cAra peDhInAM nAmo lakhAtAM jema ke kahAra (bhoI) -mAdhava bIna kubera bIna manasukha bIna jagajIvaNa vagere. (18) nANAMkIya Apa-lemAM akabarazAhI ke mahemUdazAhI TaMkA be pramANe gujarAtI TaMkazALano calaNamAM vaparAto rUpiye eka gaNAto. tethI banne prakAranA calaNano ullekha karIne cokhavaTa karAtI. (19) pakSakAro ane sAkSIo phArasI bhASAmAM sahI na karI zake teve vakhate devanAgarI athavA kAnAmAtrA vinAnI apabhraMza boDIA bhASAmAM sahI karatA. temAM sthAnika asarane kAraNe lakhANamAM azuddhi rahetI. dA.ta. khatrI koma mATe khatarI, khAtarI, SaTarI, SaTTaDI, khAtaDI, katarI athavA khaTTaDI lakhAtuM. (20) kacerImAM zAsaka adhikArI samakSa sahI karIne sAthe zirastA mujaba athavA adhikArI sAme mAna rAkhIne kuberanA ghaNA bA hajura" vAkya lakhAtuM. (21) ekaso pacAsa varSa jUnA dastAvejamAM makAnanA cokakasa sthaLa mATe Page #90 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ mukALamAM gRhaviyanuM phArasI bhASAmAM khatapatra 75 vALaMdanI zerI popaTIA vaDa sAme' tevo ullekha che. eno artha evo thaI zake ke te vaDa upara rAtre popaTa vizrAma letA haze. hajI paNa te vaDa hayAta che. te vistAra popaTIvADa' tarIke oLakhAya che. A hakIkata parathI siddha thAya che ke vaTavRkSanuM AyuSya ghaNuM lAMbu kahevAya. (22) eka makAnanA vecANa vakhate tenA cokamAM pIpaLAnuM vRkSa che tevo paNa ullekha jANavAmAM Avyo che. te samayanA samAjanA rUDhi-rivAje, dhaMdhA, vyavasthA, Arthika paristhiti ane evAM aneka pAsAMono talasparzI abhyAsa karavA mATe A khatapatro pUrato avakAza Ape che. abhyAsIne mATe sArI mAhitI maLI zake che. Page #91 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 8. jaina hastapratasaMzodhana ane saMrakSaNa DaoN. vijayakumAra lA. paMDita vedone paramAtmAnI vANI mAnavAmAM Ave che. vedo ane zAstro gurumukhamAM ja rahelAM che. temano abhyAsa kevaLa guru pAsethI ja thaI zake. hastaprato ke graMthomAMthI nahi. hinduo Aje paNa "muhasthA vidyA' arthAt je paMDitanI smRtimAM jaDAyelI hoya te vidyAno ja Adara kare che. lekhanakalA pracalita banI te pUrve maukhika adhyApananI paddhati pUrNa rIte vikasita thaI cUkI hatI. bhAratamAM lekhanakalA kayArathI astitvamAM AvI e kahevuM muzkela che, chatAM bhAratamAM prAcIna kALathI lekhanakalA astitvamAM hatI e aMgenAM pramANo maLe che. vidyAnA adhiSThAtA brahmA ane sarasvatInA hAthamAM hastalikhita graMtha dhAraNa karelo hoya evAM citro ane zilpo jovA maLe che. vaidika anuzruti mujaba brAhmI lipinuM sarjana paNa jagatanA caNA brahmAjIe ja karyuM che. jaina paraMparAmAM brAhmI lipinI utpatti prathama tIrthakara RSabhadeve karI manAya che. joke A anuzrutionI prAcInatA nakkI karavI muzkela che. jaina Agamo paikInAM ' samavAyAMga sUtra ane paNaNavaNAsUtra jeno samaya jaina paraMparA mujaba anukrame I.sa. pUrve 300 ane I. sa. pUrve 168 manAya che, temAM kula 18 lipionI yAdI ApI che. bhAratanI garama AbohavAmAM I. sa. pUrva jeTalAM prAcIna kALanAM hastalikhita lakhANo atyAre to naSTa thaI gayAM che. zilAlekhomAM sauthI jUnA lekho maurya rAjA azoka (I. sa. pUrve 30) nA maLI AvyA che. sikaMdare (I. sa. pUrve 327-325) bhArata upara caDhAI karI hatI. tene lagatI nodhamAM te samayanA senApati niArkose lakhyuM che ke ahIMnA bhAratanA loko rU ane cIMtharAmAMthI kAgaLa banAvatA hatA. e ja rIte karTise amuka vRkSanI (bhUrja vRkSanI) tvacAno lekhanasAmagrI tarIke upayoga thato hovAnuM jaNAvyuM che. bauddhasAhityamAM suraMta (sUtrAta)mAM ullekhita akharikA (akSarikA) nAme ramatamAM vinayapiTakamAM ulikhita lekha (lekhanakalA)mAM; ka Page #92 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ jaina hastaprata saMzodhana ane saMrakSaNa - vAla che. sUtrapiTakamAMnI jAtakakathAomAM ullikhita paNa (parNapatra), akhara (akSara), potthaka (pustaka); phalaka; vaNaNaka (varNaka); kalama ityAdi lekhanasAmagrInAM nAmo dvArA prAcIna bhAratamAM lekhanakalA pracalita hatI ema bhUcita thAya che. vedAMga sAhitya, rAmAyaNamAM, kauTilyanA arthazAstramAM ane vAtsyAyananA kAmasUtramAM paNa lipi, lipikAra, yavanAnI, graMtha, svarita cihna, patra, pustaka AdinA ullekho maLe che. haDappA, moheM-jo-daDo vagere sthaLoe maLelI mudrAo, mudrAMkano, mUrtio uparanAM lakhANo te nagaronA sauthI nIcenA arthAt sauthI prAcIna staramAMthI nIkaLyA che. A staromAM daTAyelI sabhyatAno samaya lagabhaga I.sa. pUrve 240 thI I. sa. pUrve 160 sudhIno hovAnuM manAya che. TUMkamAM bhAratamAM lekhanakalA I. sa. pUrve 2400thI pracalita hatI ja e spaSTa thAya che. lekhanakaLAnAM saMsAdhanone ApaNe traNa vibhAgamAM vahecIzuM.(1) tADapatra, kAgaLa Adi (2) kalama Adi, (3) zAhI Adi. A dareka viSe vigatavAra joIzuM. 1. tADapatra, kAgaLa Adi : AmAM nIcenAM sAdhanono lekhanakArya mATe upayoga thato hato. (ka) tADapatra : tADanAM jhADa be prakAranAM thAya che. kharatADa ane zrItADa. gujarAtanI bhUmimAM kharatADanAM vRkSo thAya che. A vRkSanAM patro sthaLa, laMbAI, pahoLAImAM TUMkA tema ja baraDa hovAthI teno lekhanakAryamAM upayoga thato nathI. zrItADanAM vRkSo madrAsa, brahmadeza AdimAM thAya che. tenAM pAMdaDAM (patro) kSaNa, lAMbAM, pahoLAM sukumAra ane TakAu hovAthI teno lekhanakAryamAM upayoga thAya (kha) kapaDuM : kapaDAno upayoga lekhanakArya mATe thato. ghaunA ATAnI khepa banAvI tene kapaDA upara lagADavAmAM Ave che. te sUkAI gayA pachI te kapaDAne akIkanA agara tevA koI paNa prakAranA ghaMTA vaDe ghUMTavAthI te kapaDuM lakhavAne lAyaka bane che. pATaNa saMghanA vakhatajInI zerImAM AvelA bhaMDAramAM "saM. 2362 maDhavI suri va 3rA jIva . mahindrA sivitA pu." evA aMtima ullekhavALuM kapaDAM upara lakheluM eka pustaka che. kapaDAno upayoga pustaka Page #93 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 78 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana lakhavA karatAM maMtra-vidyA AdinA paTo lakhavA, cItaravA mATe vadhAre karAto ane haju paNa karAya che. (ga) bhojapatra : Ano upayoga mukhyatayA maMtro lakhavA mATe karAto ane haju paNa karAya che. himAlayanI parvatamALA ane taLeTImAM bhUrja (bhoja) nAmanAM vRkSo thAya che. tenA thaDiyA upara Ubho cIro mUkIne kApaDanA tAkAnI jema tene goLa goLa ukelI kADhavAmAM Ave che. ene ekasarakhA mApathI kApIne, sUkavIne teno lakhavAnA lakarUpe upayoga prAcIna samayathI thato Avyo che. AvAM bhUfpatro sAThathI so varSa sudhI TakI zake che. (gha) paththara : paththarano phalaka tarIke upayoga thato. I. sa. pU. 300mAM samrATa azoke giranAranA khaDako upara Adezo kotarAvyA hatA. I. sa. pUrve 150nI sAlamAM mahAkSatrapa rudramAe paNa giranAra para eka zilAlekha kotarAvyo hato. (ca) dhAtuo :vividha dhAtuono paNa phalaka tarIke upayoga thato hato. suvarNa, rajata ane mahaaMze tAmra (tAMbu) upara thayelAM lakhANo maLe che. AvA tAmrapaTa . ke tAmrazAsanano upayoga bhUmidAno aMgenA dastAvejo lakhavAmAM thato hato. (cha) kASTha : lAkaDAMnA pATiyAno paNa phalaka tarIke upayoga thato. brahmadezamAM raMgIna lAkaDAMthI hastalikhita prato ghaNI maLe che. bauddhadharmanA vinayapiTaka ane jAtakakathAmAM A phalakano upayoga thayAnA ullekho maLe che. (ja) kAgaLa : purAtanakALamAM bhaMgaLiyA, sAhebakhAnI Adi aneka prakAranA kAgaLo banatA, ane temAMthI sArA ane TakAu kAgaLano upayoga pustaka lakhavA mATe thato. gujarAtamAM pustako lakhavA mATe amadAvAdI tema ja kAzmIrI kAgaLano ja upayoga thAya che. pustako lakhavA mATenA kAgaLo tyAMthI ghUMTAIne ja Ave che. chatAM tene zaradInI havA lAgavAthI teno ghaMTo UtarI jAya che, tenA upara lakhAtA akSaro phUTI jAya che athavA zAhI TakI zakatI nathI, AthI te kAgaLane dhoLI phaTakaDInA pANImAM boLI sUkavavA paDe che ane kAMIka lIlA-sUkA jevA thAya eTale akIkanA, kasoTInA agara tevA koI paNa Page #94 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ jaina hastapratasaMzodhana ane saMrakSaNa prakAranA ghUMTAthI ghUMTI levAthI te doSo dUra thaI jAya che. vilAyatI tathA ApaNA dezamAM banatA keTalAka kAgaLo ke jeno mAvo tejAba athavA spirITa dvArA sApha karAya che, te kAgaLonuM satva pahelethI ja naSTa thaI jatuM hovAthI te cirasthAyI nathI hotA. pustaka lakhavA mATe teno upayoga karAto nathI. kAgaLano pracAra thatAM tADapatrano jamAno AthamI gayo. bhAratIya prajA kAgaLa banAvavAnI kaLA I. sa. pUrve 3 saikA pahelAM prApta karI cUkI hatI, chatAM lekhana mATe bhAratavarSamAM eno sArvatrika pracAra thaI zakyo nahoto. jainoe pustakalekhana mATe kAgaLano kyArathI upayoga karyo te kahevuM saheluM nathI. chatAM zrImAnajInamaMDanagaNikRta 'kumArapAlaprabaMdha' (saM. 1492) ane zrIratnamaMdiragaNikRta 'upadezataraMgiNI' (16mo saiko)nA ullekho mujaba AcArya zrI hemacaMdra ane mahAmAtya zrI vastupAle pustako lakhavA mATe kAgaLano upayoga karyo hato, AthI gujarAtanI jaina prajA vikramanI 12mI sadI pahelAM graMthalekhana mATe kAgaLone vAparatI thaI hatI ema kahI zakAya. joke jaina jJAnabhaMDAramAM bAramI teramI sadImAM agara te pahelAM kAgaLa upara lakhAyeluM eka paNa pustaka upalabdha thayuM nathI. 14mI sadInA uttarArdhamAM lakhAyeluM koI koI pustaka maLI Ave che. 78 2. kalama Adi : phalakane anurUpa lakhavAnAM aneka sAdhano vikasyAM che. AmAM nIcenAM sAdhanono samAveza thAya che. (ka) kalama : kalama mATe aneka prakAranAM baru vaparAtA hatAM. jema ke tajiyAM baru, kALAM baru, vAMsanAM baru Adi. AmAM tajiyAM baru tajanI mAphaka bahu polAM hovAthI 'jiyAM' e nAmathI oLakhAya che. e svabhAve baraDa hovA chatAM temAM eka guNa e che ke tenAthI game teTaluM lakhavAmAM Ave topaNa tenI aNImAM kUco paDato nathI. A apekSAe kALAM baru bIje naMbare gaNAya. vAMsanAM baru paNa ThIka gaNI zakAya. aNIdAra sAdhana, sIsApena, lAkaDAnI kalama vagereno paNa 'lekhanI' tarIke upayoga karavAmAM Avato hato. brahmadeza, madrAsa Adi je je pradezamAM tADapatrane khotarIne lakhavAno rivAja che tyAM kalamane badale loDhAnAM aNIdAra soyAnA saLiyAno upayoga karAya che. Page #95 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 80 hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana (kha) pIMchI : Ano upayoga pustaka zodhavA mATe karAya che, jema ke Sa nopa, ba no va, ma no na karavo hoya, koI akSara ke paMkti kADhI nAMkhavI hoya athavA eka akSarane badale bIjo akSara karavo hoya, tyAre haritAla ke saphedAne pIMchIthI te nakAmA bhAga upara lagADatAM joIto akSara banI jAya che, Aje jhINI, jADI, nAnI, moTI jevI joIe tevI aneka prakAranI pIMchIo maLI zake che. chatAM ApaNA pustaka-zodhanamAM khisakolInA pUMchaDAnA vALa ane kabUtaranA pIMchAnA AgalA bhAgamAM parovIne banAvelI pIMchI vadhAre sahAyaka bane che. kAraNa ke A vALa kudarate ja e rIte goThavelA hoya che ke, tene ApaNe goThavavAnI jarUra rahetI nathI. vaLI te ekAeka saDI ke tUTI paNa jatA nathI. (ga) jUjabaLa : kalamathI lITIo doratAM thoDIvAramAM ja kalama bUThI thaI jAya che. mATe lITIo doravA mATe Ano upayoga karAto hato. Aje paNa mAravADamAM keTaleka ThekANe teno upayoga lITIo doravAmAM karAya che. A sAdhana loDhAnuM hoya che, ane teno AkAra AgaLathI cIpiyA jevo hoya che. 3. zAhI Adi : AmAM nIcenAno samAveza thAya che. (4) zAhI : prAcIna samayathI bhAratamAM lakhavA mATe zAhIno upayoga thato Avyo che. zAhInuM nIce mujaba vibhAgIkaraNa karI zakAya. (ka) tADapatranI kALI zAhI : AjakAla tADapatra upara lakhavAno rivAja rahyo nathI. judA judA prakAranI A kALI zAhI banAvavAmAM AvatI. prathama prakAra : sahavara bhRGga- triphalAH, kAsIsaM lohameva nIlI ca / samakajjalabolayutA, bhavati maSI tADapatrANAm / / dhamAso, bhAMgurao, triphaLA, kasIsa (jenAthI kAma vagere raMgAya che) lohacUrNa, gaLIne meza sAthe bheLavavAthI tADapatranI zAhI taiyAra thAya che. AmAM Page #96 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ jaina hastaprata saMzodhana ane saMrakSaNa darekanuM pramANa keTaluM e spaSTa thatuM nathI. chatAM badhI vastuone meLavyA pachI tAMbAnI kaDhAImAM nAkhI tene khUba ghUMTavAthI dareka vastu ekarasa thaI jAya che. bIjo prakAra : lIMbaDAnA guMdarathI bamaNo bIjAboLa levo. tenAthI bamaNuM talanA telanuM pADeluM kAjaLa levuM. A sarvane tAMbAnA pAtramAM nAkhI tene sakhata agni upara caDAvI dhIre dhIre lAkSArasa nAMkhatA javuM ane tAMbAnI kholI caDhAvela ghUMTA vaDe ghUMTatA javuM. pachI gomUtramAM bhIMjAvI rAkhela bhIlAmAnA garbhane ghaMTAnI nIce lagADI zAhIne ghUMTavI. temAM bhAMgarAno rasa paNa maLe to nAMkhavo. eTale tADapatranI mIzAhI taiyAra thaze. e dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM ke AmAM lAkSArasa paDato hovAthI kAjaLane gomUtramAM bhIMjAvavuM nahIM. nahIM to lAkSArasa phATatAM zAhI nakAmI thaI jaze. brahmadeza, madrAsa Adi dezamAM zAhInA sthAne nALiyeranI kAchalI ke badAmanA chotarAne bALI tenI mezane telamAM meLavIne vAparavAmAM Ave che. teo kotarIne lakhelA tADapatra upara te mezane copaDI tene kapaDAthI sApha karI nAMkhe che. tyAre kotarelo bhAga kALo thaI AkhuM pAnuM jevuM hoya tevuM thaI jAya che. trIjo prakAra : kAjaLa jeTalo boLa-hIrAboLa ane bhUmilatA tathA pArAno kAMIka aMza - A badhAne garama pANImAM meLavI sAta divasa athavA tethI paNa vadhAre divaso sudhI ghUMTavI. pachI vaDIo karI sUkavavI. sUkAyA pachI bhUko karavo. jarUra paDe tyAre bhUkAne garama pANIthI khUba ghUMTavAthI te zAhI bane che, te zAhIthI lakhela pAnAMo rAtrimAM paNa divasanI jema vAMcI zakAya che. ' korA kAjaLane korA mATInA zarAvamAM nAMkhI jyAM sudhI tenI cIkAza dUra thAya tyAM sudhI AMgaLIo vaDe ghUMTavuM. AthI kAjaLanI cIkAza zarAva cUsI leze. kAjaLa ane lIMbaDA ke kheranA guMdarane biyAjala-biyArasanA pANImAM mizra karI, bhIMjAvI, khUba ghUMTavA. temAM nAMkhela pANI lagabhaga sUkAI jAya tyAM sudhI ghUMTavA. pachI tenI viDIo karI sUkavavI. teno bhUko karI garama pANIthI khUba ghUMTavAthI te lakhavA lAyaka zAhI bane che. Page #97 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 82 hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana (7) kAgaLa para lakhavAnI zAhI : kAgaLanI zAhInA cha prakAro che, temAM jinatA, kAjaLa, boLa, guMdara ane bhAMgarAnA rasathI banelI zAhI sarvottama che. (4) TippaNAnI zAhI ; bolasya dviguNo gundo, gundasya dviguNA maSI / mardayet yAmayugmaM tu, maSI vajrasamA bhavet // boLa karatAM be gaNo guMdara, guMdara karatAM be gaNI meSa- tenA mizraNane ghUMTavAthI zAhI vajra jevI bane che, A zAhIno TippaNA lakhavAmAM upayoga thato haze. A zAhInA prayogamAM jyAM jyAM guMdaranuM pramANa kahyuM che, tyAM tyAM te kheranA guMdaranuM jANavuM, bAvaLa ke lIMbaDAnA guMdaramAM cIkAza vadhAre hovAthI te poNA bhAge nAMkhavo. vaLI lAkha, kAtho ke hIrAkasI jemAM paDI hoya tevI koI paNa zAhIno upayoga pustaka lakhavA mATe karavo nahIM. (4) sonerI-rUperI zAhI : prathama koI paNa jAtanA kacarA vinAnA dhavanA guMdaranuM pANI karavuM. pachI tene kAcanI athavA bIjI koI sArI rakAbImAM copaDatA javuM ane sonAnI ke cAMdInI je zAhI banAvavI hoya teno varaka laI tenA upara vaLe nahIM tevI rIte lagADavo, ane AMgaLIthI ghUMTavo. Ama karavAthI tarata ja te sonAnA ke cAMdInA varakano bhUko thaI jaze. pachI puna: paNa guMdara lagADI varaka lagADatA javuM ane ghUMTatA javuM. A rIte taiyAra thayelA bhUkAmAM sAkaranuM pANI nAkhI tene halAvI devo. jyAre bhUko TharI nIce besI jAya tyAre temAMnuM pANI dhIre dhIre bahAra kADhI nAkhavuM. Ama traNa-cAra vAra karavAthI sonA cAMdIno bhUko rahe e ja pANI taiyAra zAhI samajavI. sAkaranuM pANI nAMkhavAthI guMdaranI cIkAzano nAza thAya che, ane sonAcAMdInA tejano hrAsa thato nathI. kharala pote ghasAya tevo hoya to ghUMTatI vakhate temAMnI kAMkarI zAhImAM bhaLatAM zAhI dUSita bane che, tethI kharala sAro hovo joIe. sonerI ke rUperI zAhIthI lakhavAnAM pAnAMo kALA, bhUrA, lAla, jAMbalI Adi raMgathI raMgI ghUMTavAM. pachI sonerI zAhIthI lakhavuM hoya to haritAla' ane rUperI zAhIthI lakhavuM hoya to saphedAthI akSaro lakhI tenA upara sonA- cAMdInI zAhIne pIMchI vaDe pUravI. haritAla-saphedAnA akSaro lIlA hoya tyAre ja tenA upara sonerI-rUperI zAhI pheravavI. sUkAyA bAda te pAnAMne akIka Page #98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ jaina sAmatasaMzodhana ane saMrakSaNa ke kasoTInA ghaMTA vaDe ghUMTavAthI te akSaro opa caDhAvela sonA-rUpAnA ghareNAMnI mAphaka tejavALA dekhAze. (kha) hiMgaLoka : kAcA hiMgaLakane kharalamAM nAMkhI temAM sAkaranuM pANI nAMkhI khUba ghUMTavo. pachI tene TharavA daI pILAza paDatuM pANI bahAra kADhI nAMkhavuM. A pramANe jyAM sudhI pILAzano bhAga dekhAya tyAM sudhI karyA karavuM. vIsa-paccIsa vakhata A pramANe hiMgaLokane dhovAthI lAla surakha jevI hiMgaLoka thaze. te zuddha hiMgaLokamAM sAkaranuM pANI ane guMdaranuM pANI nAMkhatA javuM ane lUMTatA javuM. A rIte taiyAra thayelA hiMgaLokano upayoga lAla zAhIrUpe lakhavAmAM karAya che. (ga) haritAla : te be prakAranI che : dagaDI ane varagI. ApaNA pustaka-saMzodhanamAM varagI haritAla upayogI che. A haritAlane kharalamAM nAkhI tene khUba jhINI vATavI. tene jADA kapaDAmAM athavA jemAMthI ghaNI ja mahenate chaNI zakAya tevAM kapaDAmAM cALavI. pachI kharalamAM nAkhI khUba lasoTavI. pachI temAM guMdaranuM pANI nAMkhatA javuM ane ghUMTatA javuM, guMdarano bhAga vadhAre paDato na thAya tenI khAtarI karavI. (1) saphedo : raMgavAne mATe je sUko saphedo Ave che, temAM guMdaranuM pANI nAkhI khUba lUMTavAthI te taiyAra thAya che. teno pustaka-saMzodhana mATe upayoga karAya che. (ca) aTagaMdha : Ano upayoga maMtrAlaro lakhavA mATe karavAmAM Ave che. AmAM - 1. agara, 2. tagara, 3. gorocana, 4. kastUrI, 5. raktacaMdana, 6. caMdana, 7. siMdUra ane 8. kesara - A ATha dravyonuM mizraNa thavAthI tenuM nAma aSTagaMdha paDyuM che. (cha) thakama : Ano upayoga paNa maMtro lakhavA mATe karAya che. 1. caMdana, 2. kesara, Page #99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 84 hastapratavighA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana 3. agara, 4. barAsa, 5, kastUrI, 6. maracakaMkola, 7. gorocana, 8. hiMgaLoka, 9. roMjaNI, 10. sonAnA varaka, ane 11. aMbara - A agiyAra dravyanA mizraNathI vaNakardama bane che. upara batAvyA pramANe vidhithI taiyAra thayelI zAhI, hiMgaLoka, haritAla, saphedA vagerene eka thALImAM tela copaDI temAM tenI vaDIo pADI devI. sUkAyA pachI jyAre jarUra paDe tyAre temAM mAtra pANI nAMkhavAthI ja te lakhavAnA kAmamAM AvI zakaze. jaina sAhityanuM saMrakSaNa jJAnopAsanA mATe graMtharAzinA saMgrahanI sAthe sAthe tenuM saMrakSaNa paNa eTaluM ja Avazyaka che. jaino tenI surakSA mATe lAbhapAMcama' (kArataka suda pAMcama) ne "jJAnapaMcamI' tarIke Ujave che, A divase badhI hastalikhita pratone saMgrahamAMthI bahAra kADhI, tenA vastra upara jAmelI dhULane khaMkherI, saphAI karIne navA vastramAM vIMTALIne tenI pUjA karIne tene pAchI mUkavAmAM Ave che. UdhaI vagerenA upadravathI tene bacAvIne, jarUra paDe navI pratilipi taiyAra karAvIne tenuM rakSaNa karavAmAM Ave che. hastalikhita pustakone comAsAnI bhejavALI havA asara karI nukasAna pahoMcADe che. pustakasaMgrahamAM pesI gayelI havAne dUra karavA tene tApa levaDAvavo joIe. A mATe sauthI sarasa, anukULa ane vahelAmAM vahelo samaya kArtika mAsa ja che. A kAma mATe kuzaLa zvetAMbara jainAcAryoe kArtika zukla paMcamInA divasane niyata karyo. A divasa "jJAnapaMcamI' tarIke oLakhAya che. A divase pustaka bhaMDAro tapAsI tenI AsapAsa vaLela dhULakacaro sApha karavo joIe, jethI UdhaI Adi lAgavAno prasaMga na Ave. pustakone taDako dekhADavo, ane temAM jIvaDAM na paDe te mATe mukela ghoDAvajanA bhUkAnI nirmAlya poTalIo badalIne navI poTalIo mUkavI joIe. A rIte pustakonI sAcavaNI karI sAcA arthamAM jJAnapaMcamInI ujavaNI karavI joIe. jJAnano pracAra, tenA sAhityanuM sarjana ane tenA saMrakSaNanA kSetre jaina samAjanuM pradAna noMdhapAtra rahyuM che. pUrvapuruSonI amUlya vANI sAcavavAmAM jaina samAje vAparelI dIrdhadarzitAnI pUrva ane pazcimanA sAkSaroe muktakaMThe prasaMzA karI che. sAhitya-lekhana ane saMgraha mATe teoe samartha AcAryAdi munivarganA upadezathI ke potAnA AMtarika ullAsathI potAnA athavA potAnA paralokavAsI Page #100 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ jaina hastaprata saMzodhana ane saMrakSaNa 85 svajananA kalyANa arthe navIna pustakAdaza lakhAvIne, purAtana jJAnabhaMDAro meLavIne ke moTA moTA jJAnabhaMDAronI sthApanA karIne jJAnano pracAra karyo che. pUjyapAda zrImAna devardhigaNi kSamAzramaNe graMthalekhanano AraMbha karAvyA pachI aneka samartha tema ja sAdhAraNa vyaktioe jJAnabhaMDAronI sthApanA karI che. mahArAjA siddharAja jayasiMhe traNaso lahiyA ekaThA karI sarva darzananA graMtho lakhAvI rAjakIya pustakAlayanI sthApanA karI hatI. AcArya hemacaMdranA savAlAkha zlokapramANa vyAkaraNa graMthanI seMkaDo pratio lakhAvI tenA abhyAsIone dezaparadeza bheTa mokalAvI hatI. mahArAjA kumArapAle paNa ekavIsa jJAnabhaMDAro sthApyA hatA. bIjA aneka sajjanoe jJAnabhaMDAronI sthApanA karI hatI. jJAnabhaMDAronI rakSA mATe guma bhoMyarAonI racanA thatI. jesalamerano killo jotAM tyAMnA bhaMDArane kevI rIte surakSita rAkhavAmAM AvatA hatA te samajAze. AcArya siddhasena mATe kahevAya che ke temaNe gupta staMbhane auSadhi vaDe ughADI temAMthI maMtrAsnAyanAM keTalAka upayogI pustako bahAra kADhayAM ane staMbha acAnaka jamInamAM utarI gayo. prAcIna sAhityane tenA rakSaNa mATe pustaka mUkavAnI peTI, maMjUsa ke kabATa, Adine jamInathI adhdhara rAkhavAno rivAja che. Ama karavAthI dhULa, UdhaI ke udara upadrava karI zake nahIM. hastalikhita pustakanI zAhImAM guMdara paDato hovAthI zaradI lAgatAM te coMTI na jAya te mATe graMthabhaMDAranuM sthAna bhejarahita tathA comAsAnuM pANI na Utare tevuM pasaMda karavAmAM AvatuM. tathA dareka graMthane majabUta bAMdhIne rAkhavAmAM Avato. majabUta baMdhAyela pustakamAM zaradI pravezatI nathI. jeno comAsAmAM bhaMDArane ughADatA nathI, tenuM kAraNa pustakane havA na lAge te che. keTalAMka pustakonI zAhImAM guMdara vadhAre pramANamAM paDI javAthI sahaja mAtra zaradI lAgatAM tenAM pAnAM coTI javAno bhaya rahe che, tevAM pustakonAM dareka pAnAM upara gulAla chAMTI devo, bhabharAvavo eTale tenA coMTavAno bhaya ocho thaI jaze. vadhAre pramANamAM zaradI lAgavAthI coTI gayelA pustakane ukheDavA mATe paNiyArAmAMnI sUkI jagyAmAM athavA pANI bharyA bAda khAlI karela bhInAza vinAnI paNa pANInI havAvALI mATalI ke ghaDAmAM jalamizrita zaradI lAge tema mUkavuM. havA lAgyA pachI coMTI gayela pAnAMne dhIre dhIre ukhADavAM. je vadhAre Page #101 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 86 hajApavidyA ane Aga sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana coMTI gayela hoya to tene vadhAre pramANamAM zaradI lAgyA pachI ukhADavAM. ukhADavA mATe utAvaLa karavI nahIM. A sivAya paNa eka upAya che, jyAre comAsAmAM puSkaLa varasAda varasato hoya tyAre coTI gayela pustakane makAnamAM khulluM mUkI devuM. havA lAgyA pachI tene uparanI jema ukhADavuM. pharIthI coMTI na jAya mATe tenA dareka pAnAM upara gulAla chAMTI devo. A upAya kAgaLanA pustaka mATe che. jo tADapatrIya pustaka coMTI gayuM hoya to eka kapaDAne nItare tema pANImAM bhIMjAvI tene pustakanI AsapAsa lapeTavuM ane jema jema pAnAM havAmAM jAya tema tema ukhADatA javuM. tADapatrIya pustakanI zAhI pAkI hovAthI tenI AsapAsa nItaratuM kapaDuM lapeTatAM tenA akSaro bhUMsAvAnI ke kharAba thavAno bhaya rAkhavo nahIM. paraMtu irAdApUrvaka akSara upara bhInuM kapaDuM ghasavuM nahIM. pAnAM ukhADatI vakhate pAnAnI glaNa tvacA ekabIjA pAnA sAthe coMTIne tUTI na jAya tenI kALajI rAkhavI. ' - pustakone sAMdhavAnI paddhati paNa hatI. lIMbaDInA jJAnabhaMDAramAM AvAM sAMdhelAM pustako jovA maLe che. pustakonuM rakSaNa zAthI karavuM e mATe keTalAMka likhita pustakonA aMtamAM judI . judI jAtanAM saMskRta padyo lakhelAM hoya che. jevA ke - .. jale rakSet sthale rakSet rakSet zithilabandhanAt / mUrkha haste na dAtavyA evaM vadati pustikA / / agne rakSetjalAd rakSet mUSakebhyo vizeSataH / kaSTena likhitaM zAstraM yatnena paripAlayet / / udakAnilacaurebhyo mUSakebhyo hutAzanAt / kaSTena likhitaM zAstraM yatnena paripAlayet / / bhagnapRSThakaTigrIvaM vakradRSTiradhomukham / kaSTena likhitaM zAstraM yatnena paripAlayet / / TUMkamAM pustakonuM jaLa, sthaLa, zithilabaMdhana, mUrkha, agni, udara, pavana ane corathI rakSaNa karavuM joIe. kaTapUrvaka lakhelA zAstranuM prayatnapUrvaka rakSaNa karavuM joIe. Page #102 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ jaina hastapratasaMzodhana ane saMrakSaNa jaina hastapratasaMzodhana ane saMrakSaNanI paddhatithI bhAratIya saMskRtine ghaNuM ghaNuM zIkhavAnuM maLyuM che. jaina bhaMDAromAM bauddha, jyotiSa, vyAkaraNa vagerene lagatA paNa aneka graMtho saMgrahAyelA paDyA che. jainoe bhAratIya saMskRtine amUlya vAraso bheTamAM Apyo che. pAdaTipa 1. 'jaina citrakalpadruma'mAM prakAzita thayelA muni zrI puNyavijayajInA 'bhAratIya jaina zramaNa saMskRti ane lekhanakaLA' nAmanA lekhamAM A vize (pR.4 upara) lakhyuM che ke - bhagavAna RSabhadeve potAnI putrI brAhmIne sau pahelAM lipi lakhavAnuM jJAna ApyuM hatuM. tethI ene 'brAhmI lipi' kahevAmAM Ave che.teduM nivIvihALa, nioLAMmardrAddina-re / / Avazyakaniryukti - gAthA- 23 2. juo - bhAratIya prAcIna lipimALA, pR. 3 87 3. A tADapatro sApha karyA pachI paNa 2/4 (poNA traNa) phUTathI vadhAre lAMbA ane 31/2 (sADA traNa) IMca jeTalAM pahoLAM rahe che. A prakAranAM tADapatra para lakhAyela keTalAMka pustako pATaNanA saMghavInA pADAnA bhaMDAramAM vidyamAna che. 4. sonerI-rUperI zAhIthI lakhavA mATe haritAla-saphedo saheja vadhAre pramANamAM guMdara nAkhI taiyAra karavo. Page #103 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 9. purANI hastapratonuM aitihAsika mahattva priyabALAbahena zAha hastalikhita graMthonA aMtamAM rahelI prazastio ane puSpikAonuM mUlya aneka rIte ghaNuM che. temAM moTA moTA rAjAo, amAtya AdinI tema ja keTalAMka moTAM moTAM gAma, nagara, deza Adi vizenI mAhitI amuka prabaMdha graMtha AdimAMthI maLI rahe che. paraMtu ApaNA itihAsanA ghaDataramAM ati upayogI vizALa sAmagrI to ApaNI A prazastio ane pupikAomAM ja bharelI paDI che. nAnAM moTAM gAma-nagara-dezo tathA tyAnAM rAjAo, amAtyo, temanI TaMkazALo, lazkarI sAmagrI, zAhukAro, kuLa, jJAti, kuTuMba sAthe saMbaMdha rAkhatI ghaNI hakIkato ApaNane A prazasti AdimAMthI prApta thAya ema che. jema prazasti lekho lakhavAnuM eka puNyakArya che tema pustaka lakhAvavAnuM paNa eka puNyakArya che. te paNa maMdiranI jema cirakAla sthAyI che tethI te kIrtana svarUpa manAya che. je bhAvuka gRhastha pustako lakhAvavAmAM potAnuM dravya vyaya kare che, te . potAnA sukRtya ane yazane akSarabaddha karIne cirakAla sthAthI rAkhI zake che. A prazasti lekhothI be kArya siddha thAya che. eka to je gRhastha A pustako lakhAve che teo pustaka saMrakSita rahe tyAM sudhI potAnuM nAma vidyamAna rakhAvI zake tethI tene AtmasaMtoSa thAya che. bIjuM, A rIte koI gRhasthanuM nAma pustakane kAraNa cirasmRta dekhIne bIjA gRhasthono paNa pustaka lakhAvavAnA kAryamAM utsAha vadhe che. tenuM anukaraNa karIne AvI pustaka lakhAvavAnI pravRttimAM potAnA dravyano vyaya kare che. potAnI puNyaprApti, yaza uparAMta pustaka lakhAvanAra vyakita potAnA pUjya, Amajana, baMdhu, AtmIyajana ane kuTuMbIjanonA puNyArtha mATe pustako lakhAve che. pustakanI prazastimAM jaNAveluM che ke A pustaka amuka vyaktie, potAnA svargagata pitA ke baMdhunI ke putranI puNyasmRti mATe lakhAvyuM che, to koImAM jaNAveluM che ke potAnI mAtA ke bhaginI ke patnInI puNyasmRti nimitte lakhAvyuM che. A rIte jJAnano phelAvo cAlu rahe che. ApaNA deza, 88 Page #104 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ purANI hastapratonuM aitihAsika mahatva samAja ane dharmanA prAcIna itihAsanI sAmagrInI daSTie A prazastio mahatvanI ane pramANabhUta che. jema maMdiro, zilAlekho ane rAjAonA dAnapatra mahattvanA ane prAmANika manAya che. prazasti lekho zilAlekhomAM jovA maLe che. uparAMta tADapatra ke kAgaLamAM paNa nodhelA maLe che. koI dharmazIla vyakti potAnA dravyano sadupayoga karavAnI daSTithI devamaMdira Adi koI dharmasthAna ke kIrtana karAve che to teno upadeza athavA prazaMsaka virjana tenA kAryanI stutirUpe nAnA moTA prazastilekha zilAmAM khodAve che ane koI eka jagAmAM coDAve che. te ja pramANe jJAnapriya vyakti potAnA dravyano vinimaya pustakAdi lekhanamAM kare che ane temAM tenA kAryanI prasaMzA mATe upadezaka vidvAna nAnA moTA prazastilekha racIne pustakanA aMtamAM lakhe che. A prazasti lekho ane zilAlekhomAM tathyanI daSTie koI aMtara nathI. pariNAme baMne prakAranA lekha ItihAsanA aMgabhUta rUpa samAna koTInA sAdhana che. prazastio nAnI moTI baMne rIte lakhAyelI hoya che. eka graMthamAM lakhAyelI nAnI (be traNa blokanI) prazastimAM jaNAveluM che ke koI AzAdhara ane amRtadevInA putra kulacaMdra nAme hatA. te sarvajanapriya hoIne sArA jagatamAM vikhyAta thayA. tene aMbikA nAme putrI hatI. te ghaNI vinayasaMpanna thaI. gurunA upadezane kAraNe teNe A pustaka lakhAvyuM. A prakAranI prazastinA prAraMbhamAM pustaka lakhAvanAranuM saMkSiptamAM nAma ApeluM che. tyAra pachI pustikAnI cirasthiti mATenI kAmanAno ullekha karIne jaNAvyuM che ke jyAM sudhI AkAzamAM sUrya ane caMdra vidyamAna raheze tyAM sudhI pRthvImAM A pustikA vidyamAna raheze'' A saMkSipta prazastimAM je ullekha Apelo che temAM sarvajana priya ane sArA jagatamAM vikhyAta kulacaMdra kayA vaMzanA hatA, kayA gAmanA ane kayA samayamAM thaI gayA tenI nodha nathI. uparAMta A pustakanuM nAma paNa nirdiSTa karyuM nathI. have bIjI eka prazasti joIe. A prazastimAM nodheluM che ke patrivAla vizamAM punA nAmane gRhastha thaI gayo teno putra bohitya ane bohityano putra gaNadeva khUba dhArmika hato. te gaNadeva teNe triSaSTizalAkA puruSacaritra nAmanA graMthano trIjo khaMDa pustakamAM lakhAvIne staMbhatIrtha (khaMbhAta)nI poSadhazALAnA (jJAnabhaMDAra)mAM saharSa samarpaNa karyo. vaLI sakala prANIonuM hita karavAvALI (jainadharma) vidyamAna che tyAM sudhI DAhyA puruSo dvArA zikhavADAtuM A pustaka Page #105 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ rAtavidhA ane bAgamAhija: saMzodhaka ane saMpAdana : paNa vidyamAna raheze. A pustakanuM nAma, lakhAvanAranuM nAma, tenA pitA, prapitA, vaMza vagere maLe che. uparAMta khaMbhAtanI poSadhazALAmAM pustaka bheTa karyuM che, mATe pustaka lakhAvanAra khaMbhAtanA rahevAsI hoya ema anumAna karI zakAya che. paraMtu A graMthamAM lakhyA bAbata saMvatano koI ullekha nathI tethI teno spaSTa samaya maLI zake nahIM. A prazastio be traNa blokanI che jene kAraNe khUba saMkSipta varNana maLe che. paraMtu dasavIsa zlokovALI moTI prazastimAM vizeSa vigata prApta thAya che. jyAre AthI moTI prazasti hoya che tyAre temAM bahu vistRta varNana uparAMta aitihAsika vigato paNa prApta thAya che. AvI eka prazasti AcArya hemacaMdranA mahAna guru devacandrasUrie zAMtinAtha caritranA aMtabhAgamAM lakhelI upalabdha thaI che. A pustaka pATaNanA saMghavIpADAnA prasiddha prAcIna tADapatrInA bhaMDAramAM surakSita che. temAM saMvata 1227mAM pATaNamAM rahevAvALA prAgvATavaMzanA zreSThI rAhaDee lakhAvyuM che tenI nodha che. jyAre A pustaka lakhyuM te vakhate tyAM suzrAvaka' evA rAjA kumArapAla rAjya karatA hatA ane tyAMnA paramAnandAcArya nAmanA jainasUrine A pustaka samarpita karyuM hatuM. A prazastimAM pustaka lakhAvavAmAM rAhaDanA pUrvajo vagereno paricaya Apelo che ke pRthvItalamAM jeTalAM mULa ane zAkhAo phelAI che ane dharmanA hetune mATe aneka parvonI paraMparAthI samRddha banIne aneka guNIthI pUrNa evA prAgvATa nAmano vizALa vaMza pRthvImAM jANIto che. A vaMzamAM janma levAvALA ane tIrthabhUta jevA satyapura (mAravADanuM hAlanuM sAcora)thI AvelA siddhanAga nAmanA eka viziSTa evA zreSThI thayA. temane aMbinI nAmanI patnI hatI. tene poDhaka, voraDa, vardhana ane droNaka nAmanA cAra putra hatA. teone mahAna prasiddhi prApta thaI hatI. teoe sonAnA jevI krAMtivALI pittaLanI eka suMdara ane uttama evI zAMtinAtha tIrthaMkaranI pratimA taiyAra karAvI. je Aje paNa arthAt prazasti lakhAyelA samaye dadhipadranA zAMtinAthanA maMdiramAM pUjAya che. A prazastinA varNanamAMthI mAhitI prApta thAya che ke A graMthamAM rAhaDanA vaMza ane kuTuMbano vistRta paricaya Apelo che tathA teNe karelA aneka dharmakRtyono nirdeza karelo che. temAM samaya arthAt saMvata, mAsa tathA tenA sthAnano paNa ullekha che. vaLI tenI sAthosAtha je rAjAnA rAjyakALa daramyAna A pustakanuM Alekhana thayuM teno paNa mahattvano ullekha aitihAsika daSTie prApta thAya che. Page #106 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ mathurANI hastapratonuM aitihAsika mahatva 91 A uparAMta gItagoviMdanA anukaraNarUpa aSTAdhyAyImAM lakhAyelI kRSNagIti je gujarAtanA kavi somanAtha racI che tevI ja rIte kavi zrI harSanI racelI zRMgArahArAvalI ane zabdakoza jevo ajJAtakarNaka lekhano vastaratnakoza paNa hastapratomAM nodhanIya che. A uparAMta kuMbhakarNa ke je kuMbhArANA ane mAtra kuMbhA ke kuMbha tarIke jANIto evo rAjA kuMbhAno graMtha saMgItarAja saMgItamImAMsA che temAM pAThyaratnakoza, gItaratnakoza, vAgharatnakoza, nRtyaratnakoza ane rasaratnakoza ema pAMca vibhAga ApelA che. tenI pupikAmAM rAjAdhirAja mahArANAthI mokalendranandanena rAjAdhirAja zrIkuMbhakarNa mahImahendraNa viracite saMgItarAje SoDazasAhasyAM saMgItamImAMsAyAM...... vagere viSayonuM temAM nirUpaNa kareluM che. A rIte saMgItane aMtargata nRtya ane vAgha viSayaka khUba UMDANathI carcA karI che. A vidvAna citoDanA rAjA zrI kuMbhakarNanI mRtyaratnakozanI prazastimAM ane rasikapriyAmAM tene "zrI sarasvatIrasasamudrasamudbhUtakeravoghAnanAyaka' tema - vArgavelo che. arthAt udyAnamAM kamaLanA sarasvatInA jaLamAMthI utpanna thatA nAyaka kahelo che. tene ekaliMga mahAtmamAM paNa tenuM jJAna - veda, smRti, mImAMsA, bharatanuM nATyazAstra uparAMta saMgIta, nRtya, arthazAstra, vyAkaraNa, upaniSado, darzana ane sAhityano jANakAra kahelo che. tene sarvaza tema ja prajJAsaphuratkasarI buddhithI jhaLakato siMha kahelo che. gItagoviMdanI rasikapriya TIkA kuMbhAe lakhelI kahevAya che. kuMbhArANAne nAme ghaNA graMtho lakhAyA che te uparAMta te lalitakalAo jevI ke saMgIta, nRtya, abhinaya, kAvya, nATaka uparAMta sthApatya, zilpa ane citra vagereno jANakAra hoIne temAM protsAhana Apato hato. teno racAvelo jayastaMbha ane rANakapuranA jaina maMdirano paNa AzrayadAtA hato. vaLI rANakapuranuM maMdira pAka nAmanA sthapatie bAMdhyuM hatuM ane te "vailokya dIpaka thI jANItuM hatuM. A maMdira kuMbhakarNanA samayamAM taiyAra thayuM hatuM. citoDanA staMbhano baMdhAvanAra kuMbhakarNa hato ane temAM teno zilAlekha jaDelo che. A uparAMta paNa teNe jaina ane zaiva maMdiro bAMdhavAnI preraNA ApI hatI ane pote lalitakalAmAM nipuNa hato te sArthaka kare che. purAtana itihAsanI dRSTithI tADapatrIya pustako ane anya hastapratonuM mahatva che te ApaNe saMkSepamAM joyuM. te sivAya sAMskRtika upAdAnanI daSTithI paNa tenuM adhika AkarSaNa che ane te citrakalAnI daSTi. tADapatrIya pustakomAM dhArmika, dharmopadezaka avasthAmAM AcAryo AlekhAyelAM che. AlekhanamAM AcArya Page #107 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana se sabhApITha para beThA hoya ane dharmopadeza karatA hoya ane sanmukha bhAvabhaktipUrvaka upadeza zravaNa karato bhakta samudAya hoya che. tevI ja rIte anya prasaMgocita dRzyo AlekhAyelAM hoya che.-guphAomAM bhitticitronI jema paraMtu pramANamAM nAnA laghucitro vividha raMgothI zobhatA prAcIna hastapratomAM ApaNA dezamAM jaLavAyelA che teTalAM bIjA koI dezamAM maLatA nathI. A rIte citrakalAnA itihAsa ane adhyayananI dRSTithI tADapatrIya tema ja prAcIna kAgaLanI hastapratomAM sacavAyelAM citro khUba mUlyavAna ane AkarSaka che. A rIte ApaNI sAhityika saMpatti khUba mUlyavAna bane che. hastapratone aMte lahiyA paNa potAnuM lakheluM pustaka cirakALa rahe tevI zubhecchA vyakta karatAM jaNAve che ke - ''tailAdrakSa jalAdrakSa rakSazithila baMdhanAt / 92 parahastagatAM rakSa evaM vadati pustikA " // tenuM kAraNa eTaluM ja ke "bhagnapRSThi kaTigrIvA ekadRSTiradhomukham / ', kaSTena likhitaM zArayaM yatnena paripAlayet " // lahiyA sarvanuM mAMgalya icche che ke maMgalaM bhavatu sarvasajjane maMgalaM bhavatu dharmakarmaNi / maMgalaM bhavatu pAThakejane maMgalaM bhavatu lekhake sadA || pustakamAM kadAca azuddhi hoya topaNa doSa lahiyAne na devA mATe paNa jaNAveluM che kAraNa - yAdRzaM pustake dRSTaM tAdRzaM likhitaM mayA / yadi zuddhamazuddhaM vA mama doSo na dIyate // uparanA zloko lahiyAnI mahenata eLe na jAya mATe pustakanuM rakSaNa zemAMthI karavuM tenI salAha khAsa upayogI che. mUrkhahaste na dAtavyA, evaM vadati pustikA / agne rakSejjalAd rakSet, mUSakAzca vizeSataH / udakAnila caurebhyo mUSakebhyo hutAzanAt / Page #108 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ purANI hastapratonuM aitihAsika mahatva saMdarbhagraMtha : 1. viSagudharmottara bhA. 3 2. nRtyaratnakoza bhA. 1 ane 2 3. nRtta saMgraha 4. nRtyAdhyAya - azokamalla 5. zRMgArahArAvalI - zrI harSa 6. kRSagagIti - kavi zrI somanAtha 7. vastaratnakoza 8. pramANamaMjarI 9. mudrAvicAra vidhiprakaraNam 10. Descriptive Catalogue of Sanskrit Manuscripts deposited in the Library of Gujarat Vidyasabha, Ahmedabad. Page #109 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 10. bho. je. vidyAbhavanano hastapratasaMgraha vibhUti bhaTTa zrI phArbasa sAhebanI preraNA, sakriya utsAha ane madadane lIdhe muMbaImAM phArbasa gujarAtI sabhA hastapratasaMgraha ane gujarAta vidyAsabhAno hastapratasaMgraha sthapAyA ane vikasita thayA e jANItuM che. enA pariNAme phArbasasaMgrahanI hastapratonI nAmAvalI arthAt keTaloga prakAzita thayA, tevI rIte vidyAsabhA taraphathI kavi dalapatarAme jJAnapracAra ane jJAnasamRddhinI vRddhi mATe hastalikhita graMthono saMgraha karavAnI zarUAta karelI. I. sa. 1855mAM aMgreja sarakAranA amaladAra kaTiMsanI preraNA ane AgrahathI kavi dalapatarAme kAyamI ane ujavala bhAvinI cokakasa zakyatAvALI sarakArI nokarI choDI daIne gu. varnAkyulara (vidyAsabhA) sosAyaTInI khAnagI nokarImAM joDAIne jJAnasamRddhi ekaThI karavAnuM, tenuM saMpAdana-saMzodhana ane prakAzana kArya vagere pravRttinuM kArya svIkAryuM. te vakhate zrI. ke. ha. dhruvanI preraNA ane kArya karavAnI anukULatA maLatAM vIzvaranI kAmagIrIne vadhu vega maLyo. temaNe gujarAtI- saMskRta prato utAranAra lahiyAo pAsethI pratonA utArA ane temanuM saMpAdana kArya zarU kareluM. vaLI kavi hopa vAcanamALA)nI aMgrejI kavitAonuM paNa saMpAdana - prakAzanakArya kavi dalapatarAme karyuM (1860-1864). 1910 sudhImAM 164 jeTalI hastaprato hatI. te pachInA 20 varSamAM 60thI vadhu pratono umero nodhAyo che te kavIzvara dalapatarAma saMgrahanA nAme prakAzita thayo. temAM vaDodarA, naDiyAda, surata ityAdimAMnI hastapratonA saMgraho sUcavAyA che kharA, paraMtu te pachI zrI ke. kA. zAstrIe saMkalita yAdImAM gujarAtanA mukhya 9 graMthabhaMDAronI pratono paricaya ApIne pratonA saMpAdanakArya ityAdi aMge paNa vizeSa prakAza pADyo che. vaDodarAnA ma. sa. sayAjIrAvanI udAra sakhAvatathI pro. kAMTAvALAe prAcIna kAvyamALAnA 35 kimatI graMtho pragaTa karyA tenA pariNAme prAcIna aprApya ane Page #110 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ bho. je. vidyAbhavanano hastapratasaMgraha aMdhArAmAM raheluM sAhitya lokomAM sulabha thaI zakyuM. gujarAtI kAvya sAhityanA eka sAmaTA ATha graMthomAM sva. icchArAma sUryarAma desAIe prasiddha karIne prAcIna durlabha sAhitya surakSita ane sulabha karI ApyuM. zrI. cha. vi. rAvale penzana para UtaryA pachI vividha sthaLe pharIne prAcIna hastalikhita sAhitya ekaThuM karyuM ane 'prAcIna kAvya sudhA'mAM pragaTa karyuM, je atyAre to durlabha banavA pAmyuM che ! A rIte bho. je. vidyAbhavanano ha. li. saMgraha sauthI prAcIna che ema gaNavuM paDe. 'bAbI vilAsa' nAmanuM jANItuM hindI pustaka gujarAtanA itihAsane lagatI vigato meLavavAmAM upayogI che. e prApta karavAnuM kArya vidyAsabhAe zrI DAhyAbhAI pI. derAsarIne soMpyuM. prastuta graMthanA kartAnI vArasa bAIe e pustaka pastImAM kADhI nAkheluM, te zrI derAsarIne gujarImAMthI I. sa. 1930nA julAImAM ekAeka hAtha AvyuM. prakhara jaina paMDitavarya zrI rasikabhAI cho. parIkhanI preraNA ane sakriya doravaNIthI gUjarAta vidyApIThano ane gujarAta vidyAsabhAno purAtattva vibhAga phUlyophAlyo che e jANItuM che. sana 1960mAM jaina dAnavIra zrI bhoLAbhAI jezIMgabhAInA nAme oLakhAtA A makAnamAM premAbhAI holamAMthI graMthAlaya tema ja purAvazeSa saMgraha khaseDAIne pharIthI goThavAyA. te sAthe sAthe anusnAtaka, pIeca.DI. uparAMta saMzodhana-prakAzananA abhyAsanI pravRttio mATe anukULatA maLatI rahI ane temAM vadhu vega maLato rahyo. ahIM jaina, saMskRta-prAkRta, ardhamAgadhI, jUnI gujarAtI, hindI, mArugurjara, zuddha gujarAtI, mitra tema ja kIMgaLa vagere bhASAomAM lakhAyelI vividha AkAra ane prakAranI hastaprato che. saMskRta-prAkRta, arabI-phArasI ane gujarAtI hastapratonA keTaloga pragaTa thayelA che. temAM jaina hastapratono thoDo samAveza thayo che. tenuM svataMtra keTaloga karI zakAya. tenI vigatavAra vargIkRta yAdI, bhASA, patra, viSaya vagerenI dRSTie e badhI nAnI-moTI prato je alaga bhegI karI rAkhI che te parathI taiyAra karI zakAya. tenI yAdI vagerenuM kArya cAlu che. 95 ekaMdare e badhI jaina hastaprato tathA tenA chUTA-chavAyA patrone jotAM ApaNane kharekhara Azcarya sAthe gaurava thayA vinA na rahe. keTalI badhI cIvaTamahenatathI te sAhitya lakhIne taiyAra thatuM hoya che ke te bAbata ke vastu pratyenA utkaTa prema ke jene lIdhe ekAgratA, vaividhya, kalAsUjha vagere guNo svata: Page #111 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 9da hastapratavidyA ane AgamAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana abhivyakta thAya. A badhA chUTAchavAyA patromAMthI kartAno mukhyatve Arthika uparAMta potAno dhArmika premano Azaya rahelo hoya che. tene anulakSIne kartAnI udAharaNarUpe kaMIka samajAvatI vakhate zRMgAranI parisImA jema kRtimAM jovA maLe che tema lakhAvaTa ke patronI sajAvaTamAM paNa lekhaka ke lahiyAnI jhINavaTa, cIvaTa, ane kalAmAM vividhatA jovA maLe che. je priya vastu hoya tene zaNagAravAnI lahiyA ke kartAne icchA thAya te svAbhAvika che. tethI ja ApaNI bhagavaddagItA, saptazatI jevA graMthonI jema kalpasUtra, vicArasaraNImahAvIra ke koI tIrthaMkaranAM carita jevI kRtio suMdara ane susajja thayelI ApaNane jovA maLe che. te prato prAsaMgika citro, phUla-vela-buTTA vagerevALA hAMsiyA ke pheIma'thI zaNagArAyelI hoya che. A rIte A saMgrahamAM hastapratono uttarottara vadhAro thato rahyo, tenI sAthe sAthe citro, zilpo, cATa, sikkA vagereno paNa. e badhI saMgRhIta vastuo keTalIkavAra cokkasa samayanI eka sAthe maLatI hoya che. je saMzodhanamAM vadhu anukULatA karI Ape che. (jema ke lA. da. vidyAmaMdiramAM AbunI tejapAla prazasti parvata para abhilekha zilAlekharUpe che e hastapratarUpe maLe che. bho. je. nA saMgrahamAM mahemUdazAha pAtazAhanA nAmavALuM khatapatra, zilAlekha ane sikakA paNa upalabdha thAya ema che.) A saMgrahamAMnI hastaprato ghaNuMkharuM jUnI pastI ke gurjarImAMthI najIvI kiMmate kharIdelI ane bheTarUpe AvelI che. kayA varSamAM keTalI kiMmate kaI prato ke vastuono umero thayo teno ahevAla pratyeka varSe pragaTa thato rahe che te eka sAcuM ane sAruM pADyuM che. tema chatAMya amArA saMgrahamAM saMzodhana thayA vinAnI hastapratonAM poTalAM kabATo bharIne sacavAyelAM paDyAM hatAM. temAM jIrNa, sArI, narasI ane bheLaseLa thaI gayelI pothIonAM chUTAM pAnAMo hatA. temanuM saMzodhana karavuM keTaluM muzkela hoya che teno anubhava thatAM ja mane muni zrI puNyavijayajInI jJAnapipAsA ane temanuM vAMcana-tapazcaryA tathA agAdha jJAna - anubhavano khyAla Ave che. temanA jainacitrakalpadrumanA be bhAga jotAM, temanAM badhAM ja nirIkSaNa, vAcana, sAcavaNI ane jJAnapracAra aMgenA UMDA adhyayanano paricaya thAya che. temanuM A viziSTa-prAcIna vijJAna aMgenuM agAdha zAna hAlamAM dIvAdAMDI samAna preraka ane mArgadarzaka baneluM che. citro, sacitra prato ke vividha prakAranI hastapratonA jJAnabhaMDAro tathA purAvastu saMgrahonA mukhya Page #112 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ - bho. je. vidyAbhavanano hastapratasaMgraha mULa pAyAnA jJAnasaMpAdana tema ja temanI sthApanA mATe A baMne pustako amara raheze emAM zaMkA nathI. purAvastusaMgraho ke jJAnabhaMDAramAMnI prato ke citronI sAcavaNI, tenuM vAcana, saMpAdana ane prakAzana mATe tema ja tenuM vAcana karIne graMtho ekaThA karavAnI pravRtti, sAcavaNI, vikAsa ane vyavasthita parigrahaNa tathA keTalogiMga mATe paNa mArgadarzaka thaI paDe tema che. hastaprata aMgenI pravRttiono abhyAsa karatI vakhate temAM graMthAlayanI pravRtti paga tene AnusaMgika rIte ApoApa AvI jatI hoya che. eTaluM ja nahIM, temAM vibhAgIkaraNa, vargIkaraNanI sAthe keTaloga prakAzana ane graMthaprakAzana pravRtti paNa saMkaLAI jatI hoya che. gujarAtanA vividha graMthabhaMDAronA abhyAsIo ane temano paricaya ApanArA aneka vidvAno che. zrI puNyavijayajI, DaoN. bho. ja. sAMDesarA, zrI kanubhAI zeTha, DaoN. bhAratIbena zelata, DaoN. sAvaliyA vageree gujarAtanA vividha bhaMDAronA paricaya ApIne temanI agatyatA darzAvI che. hastaprato uparAMta sacitra hastaprato, citro, sikkA, zilpa ItyAdi vibhAgonI ane temanA naMbaronI tathA parigrahaNa, DokyumenTezana karavAthI badho vyavasthita abhyAsa thaI zake che. - hastaprato vyakitagata bheTarUpe vyavasthita maLelI hoya che temAM tenI vargIkata yAdI ke keTaloga vagere kAryamAM bahu muzkelI AvatI nathI, paraMtu jIrNa ke sArI koIpaNa rUpe chUTAM pAnAovALI pothIomAMthI kArya karavuM ati dhIraja ane parizrama mAgI le tevuM hoya che. jainacitrakalpadrumanA prathama bhAgamAM hastapratonI prApti, adhyayana, vargIkaraNa vagere tema ja jJAnabhaMDAro aMgenA UMDA adhyayananI rajUAta karavA chatAM zrI puNyavijayajIe potAnA kAryanI parisamAtirUpe AnaMda vyakta nathI karyo, paraMtu A upalabdha zvetAMbarIya hastapratonI daSTie thayelo abhyAsa rajU karI zakyA che, te digaMbarIya jaina hastaprato aMgenA abhyAsanI paripUrti pachIthI umerI ApavAnI IcchA vyakta karI che (jaici.ka.pR. 118). e ja pramANe amArA hastalikhita graMthonA avalokanathI thayelA saMzodhana anubhavo koIkane kAma lAge te daSTie rajU karavAno A prayAsa che. A saMpUrNa adhyayanano paripAka na kahI zakAya- kAma cAlu che tethI). A pratonAM pAnAM jotAM navuM jANavAnA lAbhanI sAthe sAthe e aMgenI kAryapaddhatinI dhIme dhIme sUjha paDavA lAgI. judI judI lipivALAM chUTAM pAnA Page #113 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana hatAM temAM ekasarakhAM ane eka ja lipinAM pAnAM ekaThAM karavAnuM, te pachI UbhA ane ADA lakhANavALI pratonAM pAnAM judAM pADavAnuM kArya, patro tema ja akSaronA kada-sAijha, raMga, maroDa pramANe judA pADIne goThavavAnuM kArya zarU karyuM tyAre lAgyuM ke A pAnAM bhASAnI dRSTie pahelAM chUTAM pADavAM joIe. temAM saMskRta, prAkRta-gujarAtI, hindI, marAThI vagere pAnAM judAM pADavAnuM zarU karyuM. temAM paNa ADA-UbhA lakhANanI judA pADavAnI to kharI ja. temAM tamiLa, telugu, urdU, DiMgaLa, moDI, baMgALI, paMjAbI vagere judI pADIne eka bAjue mUkI rAkhavAnuM rAkhyuM. ane jJAna bhASAonI prato judI pADIne tenuM vargIkaraNavAcana karavAnuM kArya zarU karyuM, temAM zrI. nA. kA. bAMbhaNiyA, zrI ra. ci. tripAThI, zrI caturvedI sAhebonI vakhatovakhata madada levA chatAM amuka tabakke kArya AvyuM tyAre dhIraja na rahetAM, manamAM prazno thavA lAgyA ke AvuM seLabheLa kema thaI jatuM haze ? ATalA badhA kAryakartAonI madada zrI puNyavijayajI mahArAjane maLatI haze ke ekalA hAthe kArya karatA haze? kadAca AmAM AgalA kAryakartAonI bedarakArI ke bheTa ApanAranI niSkALajI ? kadAca A banne kAraNo A kAryanI muzkelImAM vadhAro karatAM haze. arthAt hastapratanAM pAnAM pratye ajJAna ke utAvaLa ke bIjI koI paNa jANye-ajANye thayelI bedarakArIne lIdhe, paraMtu A eka pApa thayuM hovAnuM jaino mAne che te sAva yathArtha che. tene 'AzAtanAnI bhAvanA' tarIke oLakhAvAya che. te bAbata jagatanAM badhAM jJAnanAM maMdiromAM cUstapaNe paLAvI joIe ema lAge che. (jai. ci. ka. pR. 110-111) 58 hastapratonAM poTalAM bAMdhelAM paDyAM hoya temAMthI pratone naMbara para caDAvI, jADA pUMThAnI bevaDa-saMpuTa vacce bAMdhI lAla kApaDamAM bAMdhI, paTTIthI majabUta bAMdhIne vyavasthita rAkhavAmAM Ave che. tethI lahiyo pothInA aMte lakhato hoya che. tailAdrakSet jalAdrakSet rakSet zithilabandhanAt / mUrkha haste na dAtavyaM evaM vadati pustikA / bhagna puSTi (dRSTi) kaTi grIvA baddha muSTiradho mukham / rena milita (cAnna) mavA, yatnena paripAnayet (pAnanaM) 5 - naM. 6673 koIka vAra, caudaz nannAdrakSet rakSet ziSita mandhanAt... koIka vAra gujarAtImAM - 'rAtuM phUla gulAbanuM pILo caMdana hAra, je core A copaDI tene Page #114 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ bho. je. vidyAbhavanano hastapratasaMgraha 99 lAja gayAnuM pApa' - ityAdi lakheluM jovA maLatuM. keTalIkavAra lahiyAnI kAryapaddhati mATe hAsyAspada kahevata paDI gaI che - 'kopI Tu kopI ane mAkhI Tu mAkhI" - arthAt prAcIna pustaka ke pupikAmAM evuM ja barAbara utAre ane temAM potAnI jANe ajANe kaMI bhUlo rahI ke thaI gaI hoya to te potAne zire rAkhato nathI - te lakhe che ke yAdRzaM pustakaM draSTavA tAdRzaM likhitaM mayA / ri rAmarUddha vA mana to na rIte (vivarta) | - naM. 667 koIka akSara bhramane lIdhe judo lakhAyo hoya, repha ke anusvAra vageremAM kaMI AchuMpAchuM, lakhAI gayuM hoya to sujJa vAcake du:khI na thavuM - akSara mAtra 56 - svarahIna vyaMjanasaMdhi vivarjita rephaM / sAdhubhirevamakSubhitavyaM ko na vimuhyati zabdasamudro _HzA ne 6030. rAtapathabrAhmaNa. gujarAta vidyAsabhAe lahiyAo besADIne keTalIka hastaprato taiyAra karAvelI, tenuM daSTAMta eka puSpikA parathI samajAya tevuM che. saMgIta ratnAkarano AraMbha ane tenI pupikA barAbara vyavasthita lakhelI prApta thAya che. (naM. 593): iti zrI madanavadya vidyA vinoda zrI karaNAdhipati soDhaladevanaMdana nizaMka zrI zAMGgideva viracite saMgItaratnAkare rAgavivekAdhyAyo dvitIyaH / zrI rastu zubhaM bhavatu / / zrI zrI zrI / / samvat 1938 nA varSe mAgha mAse kRSNapakSe 1 pratipadA sthira vAsare ayaM granthaH likhitaH saMpUrNam I tA. mAre khumArI ane 2882. A pustaka gujarAta varnAkyulara sosAyaTInI lAibrerInuM che saMca.. kuMDasiddhinI eka hastaprata (naM. 6617) saMskRta hovA chatAM tenI pupikAmAM graMtha pUro thayapachI nAMdada nAgramadhye (nagaramadhye) udicya jJAti bhaTa nathUzutajagajIvaneNa niravIta snAkSa I e pachI gujarAtI - svabhASAmAM lakhe che - jevi pratye huti te pramANe lakhyuM che. khoTuM kharuM nArAyANa jANe jevI zAMmI pratye hutI te mAphaka lakhyuM che. zalATa lajyArAmanuM pustaka che' Ama gujarAtI ane saMskRta mizra puSikAo paNa hoya che. A rIte pupikAo ke AraMbhanAM pAnAM maLavAthI pratanuM zIrSaka, mApa, kartA, lahiyAnA nAma, gAma uparAMta saMvata, vAra, miti, Rtu, nakSatra vagere paNa maLavAthI tenuM vargIkaraNa karIne pratanuM saMzodhanakArya saraLa thavA mAMDyuM ane te pramANenA patra ekaTho karIne bAMdhavAnuM zarU karyuM tathA tene naMbara para kAcA rajisTaramAM Page #115 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 100 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana noMdha sAthe caDAvavAnuM kArya cAlu rAkhavAmAM AvyuM, hajI te kArya cAlu che. zarUAtamAM to sarakArI ke khAnagI TrasTanI rAhe jhaDapI kArya karIne jyAM tyAMthI pothIo naMbara para caDAvIne kArya pUruM karavAno ja mukhya hetu hoya che. kema ke amuka ja samayamAM kAma pUruM karavAno hetu ane AvA nIrasa pIMjaNakAryane dhULadhoyAno dhaMdho mAnI levAmAM Avato hoya, tevA kAryamAM sUjha ke rasano ke pUrA mArgadarzanano abhAva hoya, temAM pahelethI thayelo pramAda pachIthI kAryane muzkela banAvI deto hoya che. badhAne AvA kAryamAM rasa paDe ja evuM jarAya nathI hotuM. paraMtu AvA prakAranA kAryamAM dhIrajanI sAthe vividha jJAnanI pUrvabhUmikA tathA jJAnepsA, kutuhala vRtti kArya karatI hoya che. pahelAM vadhumAM vadhu pAnAvALI hastaprate naMbara para caDelI hoya. teno bAkInA pAnAno bhAga chUTo paDI gayo hoya te chUTAM paDelAM patrarAzimAMthI maLI jAya ke na paNa maLe, paraMtu tenA anurUpa khUTatAM pAnAM maLI jAya to tenI pUrI thayelI pratanI kiMmata ane agatya keTalI badhI vadhI jAya ! AvI rIte keTalIka pratomAM khUTatAM pAna umerI zakAyAM che. A pAnAMonuM bhASA pramANe vargIkaraNa karyA pachI pratyeka bhASAnAM pAnAM tatvajJAna, veda, jyotiSa, vyAkaraNa, purANa, karmakAMDa, sAhitya, chaMda ItyAdi uparAMta jaina saMskRta, gujarAtI, hindI - e pramANe vibhAgo pADavAnI zarUAta karavAmAM Ave che AnuM sUkSma vargIkaraNa karatI vakhate keTalIka muzkelI AvatI hoya che. jema ke 'purANanAM pAnAMnuM vibhAjana bhAgavata, mArkaMDeya, brahma, viSNu vagere, ane tenAM pAnAM judAM pADIne bAMdhavA mAMDyAM. temAM vividha vrato, mAhAtmo, stotro, tithimAhAtmo vagere maLyAM. ane karmakAMDamAM paNa stotro, vrata-mAhAtma, pUjA vagere uparAMta zoDaSasaMskAro, uttarakriyA, zrAddha vagere. vedamAM RgvadIya-sAmavedI vagere saMdhyA, puruSasUkta rUDhI Ave ane karmakAMDanA bhAgamAM paNa. A rIte vargIkaraNamAM dvidhA thAya. A badhAM pAnAM para saLaMga najara karatAM lAge ke pratyeka pratanA akSaro judA kema ke lahiyA judA! ApaNo kartA Izvara ja evo kalAkAra sarjaka kartA che ke pratyeka vyakita judI judI spaSTa oLakhAya evI banAvI che. bhale zarIrano bAhya ane AMtarika-mULabhUta-Biological - eka sarakhuM hoya to paNa! tethI amArA saMgrahamAMnI hastapratomAM maLatI 'vividhatA" upara thoDA varSa para badhAnuM dhyAna doryuM hatuM ('rAjadaphatara', gAMdhInagara, 5.1, aM. 1). Page #116 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ bho. je. vidyAbhavanano hastapratasaMgraha 101 Ama kAgaLa paranI A pratonAM pAnAM para najara karatAM patronI saMkhyA, AkAra, raMga, vividha mApo uparAMta vividha akSaronA maroDa, lakhavAnI judI judI paddhati vagere para dhyAna jAya che. tenuM vibhAjana karatI vakhate ghaNI rIte vargIkaraNa thaI zakyuM. patranI cAre bAjue amuka cokkasa hAMsiyA jeTalI jagyA choDIne barAbara vaccovaca amuka niyata paMkitanI saMkhyA ane mApamAM lakhANa lakhelA hoya, patranI be bAjue, koIka vAra cAreya bAjue hAMsiyo pADavA mATe eka ke be lAla, kALI ke anya raMganI lITI dorI, te be lITI vacce lAla ke pILI haLadaranA raMga pUrIne taiyAra karelA hoya che. be kALI ke be lAla lITI pAnAMnI baMne bAjue dorelA hAMsiyAvALA patro vadhu saMkhyAmAM maLe che. Ama nAnA-moTA vividha prakAranA hAMsiyAvALI ane hAMsiyAvinAnI hastapratonA patro hoya che. keTalIkavAra patranA be ke traNa bhAga pADIne lakhavA mATe Dabala-be sAMkaDI UbhI lITIo - hAMsiyA pADIne lakhANa lakhAtuM hoya che. * sauthI vadhu AkarSaka lakhANavALA patronA hAMsiyAmAM pratanuM zIrSaka TUMkA akSaramAM DAbI ke jamaNI bAjue lakhIne tenI nIce patra-saMkhyA lakhavAmAM Ave che. te upara eka bAjue svastika ke pagathiyAM ke phUla ke maMdiranI bArasAkha ke dvAra ke koDiyA jevA ke dhvajanA AkAra dorIne temAM patra saMkhyA lakhavAmAM AvatI hoya che. jUnAmAM jUnI hastaprato tADapatra para lakhelI surakSita che te sarvatra jJAta ane nirvivAda hakIkata che. tene lAkaDAnI jADI paTTInA saMpuTamAM bAMdhIne pratanA pAnAnA kada pramANe doro parovIne bAMdhavAnI jagyA vacce athavA be ke traNa kANAM pADavA mATeno bhAga koro rAkhIne lakhANa lakhavAmAM AvatuM. AvA prakAranI lakhANanI paddhati te pachInA samaye paNa cAlu ja rahI. rUDhi-paraMparAne mAna ApIne ! tethI karIne A rIte pratonA pAnAnAM vacceno athavA vaccenA uparAMta be bAjue amuka cokkasa aMtare amuka bhAga koro rAkhIne athavA teTalA bhAgamAM lAla ke kALAM moTAM TapakAM pADIne ke kamaLa ke svastika ke pagathiyAM jevA AkAramAM koro bhAga rAkhIne lakhANa lakheluM jovA maLe che. tevI pratone kuMDavALI' hastaprata kahe che. jaina sAhityanI AvI prato vadhu pramANamAM hoya che. evI pratonA vaccenA svastika ke kamaLa, maMdira jevA korA bhAgamAM paMkitanA amuka akSara evI rIte lakhAtA hoya che ke jethI evo AkAra UpasI Ave. A badhI pratonAM pAnAM taiyAra karavAmAM mukhyatve dhArmika Page #117 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 102 hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana bhaktibhAvanAno ane potAnI kalAkauzalya darzAvavAno Azaya hoya che. tene anulakSIne patronI sajAvaTa citro, phUla-vela-buTTAthI hAMsiyA ke cArebAjue phreImanI jema zaNagArelA hoya che. saMskRta, prAkRta ke hindI-gujarAtI bhASAno devanAgarI lipimAM mULa graMtha lakhelA hoya te sIdhI ke ADI paMktiomAM hoya che, paraMtu TIkA sAtheno, TIkAnI TIkAvALo graMtha hoya che tevA graMtha tripATha ke paMcapAThathI lakhelA hoya che. TIkAne jaina sAhityamAM 'TabA', 'vRtti', 'avacUri', 'maMjarI', 'vyAkhyA', 'cUrNikA', 'svopanna' ityAdi vividha rIte oLakhAtI hoya che. mULa graMthakartAnI mULakRti mULa devanAgarI akSaromAM - lipimAM lakhAyelI hoya tenI paranI e ja kRtinI e ja kartAnI svopajJa TIkA eka athavA be je hoya te bIjA akSare lakhAya. vaLI e ja graMthanI anya kartAnI TIkA judA akSare (mULathI akSaro nAnA ke moTA kaDhAya tethI 'bIjA akSare') e ja pAnAnA hAMsiyAmAM ke te paMktinI AsapAsa kyAMka lakhavAmAM Ave che. Ama judI judI TIkAonI TIkAvALA graMthonuM vaividhya jovA maLe che. AvI pratonA pAna para, be, traNa ke cAra lITI jeTalA bhAganuM aMtara koruM choDIne sUtra, kArikA ke zlokanI paMkti lakhAya che. pachI pAchaLathI je te paMktinI nIce je te TIkA ke tenA arthanI noMdha bIjA akSare lakhelI hoya che. keTalIka vAra gItA, yogasUtra ke Agama jevI pratanA ekathI vadhu TIkAkAro hoya, te uparAMta lahiyo potAno ane potAnA najIkanA samakAlInonA keTalAka sUcita arthonI paNa noMdha karelI hoya. tevI pratonAM patromAM sUtra, zloka ke kArikA moTA-chUTA akSare paMktimAM lakhyA pachI je te akSara ke zabdanI nIce ke uparanA bhAga para tenI nodha e ja pAna para lakhavAmAM Ave che ane te zabda ke akSarane lAla ke kALI lITInA kuMDALAmAM bAMdhI daIne judo dhyAna kheMcAya tevo bhAga banAvavAmAM Ave che. AvI TabA ke avacUrNiovALI pratonAM saMkhyAbaMdha patro jIrNa hAlatamAM saMgRhIta thayelAM che. patranI madhyamAM, ane be bAjue amuka aMtara choDIne moTAM TapakAM ke svastika ke maMdiranAM pagathiyAM jevo koro bhAga choDAto, te uparAMta upara-nIce paNa evo koro bhAga choDIne paMktinuM lakhANa lakhAtuM, jethI patrane palaTAvavAmAM ke te sAcavavA bAMdhavAmAM sAruM paDatuM hoya che. keTalIkavAra e kuMDavALA korA bhAgamAM pagathiyAM ke gokhalA jevI AkRtino bhAga evI rIte Page #118 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ bho. je. vidyAbhavanano hastapratasaMgraha 103 koro rakhAto hoya ke amuka akSarathI lakhANa lakheluM hoya che. tevA prakAranA UbhA saLaMga pAne lakhAyelA khatapatro uparAMta arabI-phArasI kAvyo ke premapatro vagere tathA gujarAtI-saMskRta kAvyo ke vijJaptipatro jevI kRtionuM lakhANa lakhAyeluM hoya che. paraMtu AvI prato sAcavavI ane vAcana mATe muzkela hoya che. kema ke kAgaLanI paTTIo sAMdhIne, vIMTIne rAkhelI hoya che tethI vakhata jatAM baraDa thaI jAya che. kAgaLane kenavAsa jevA kaDaka kApaDa para coMTADIne tenA para lakheluM lakhANa thoDo vadhu samaya TakI rahe che. AvA Ubhe pAne nAnI paMktionuM dIrgha ke TUMkuM, kokanAM khAnAvALuM ke vacce vacce rekhAcitrovALuM, sacitra ke acitra, pheImanI jema velabuTTAvALA hAMsiyAvALuM ke be bAjue nAnA korA bhAgavALuM lakhANa hoya che. temAM nAnI kApalIo, ciThThIo, posTakArDa, parabiDIyAM, ANa-pANanA AMkaDAvALA hisAbo, khAtAvahIo, saMghanI pAdaTIpo, nodhapothIo, DAyarIo, guTakAo, sacitra paMcAMgo, janmAkSaro, vijJaptipatro, jaina zilpa-sthApatyanAM oLiyAo, khatapatro, sTempapeparsa ane tevA lakhANavALA kAgaLo vagere prakAranA patrono samAveza thAya che, jemanuM bahoLuM tema ja viziSTa vargIkaraNa ane pachI tenI nodha vagere kArya thAya. upara joyuM te pramANe patranI madhyamAM ane athavA patranI madhyamAM tathA be bAjue goLa moTAM TapakAM ke viziSTa AkAramAM korI jagyA choDAtI, hAMsiyAmAM kalAtmaka rIte patrasaMkhyA ane zIrSakanA saMkSepAkSaro to lakhAtA, paraMtu prakaraNanA AraMbhe ke graMthanA aMtamAM athavA amuka prasaMge patronA hAMsiyA vizeSa prakAre citrothI - maMdira ke paDadAvALI bArI ke pravezadvAra ke suMdara pheImavALA phoTAnI jema ADuM - UbhuM - trAMsuM lakhANa lakhAtuM. AvI prato jaino karatAM arabI-phArasImAM vadhu pramANamAM maLe che, jene nAstAvika vagere lakhANapaddhatithI oLakhAya che. keTalIka vAra jADA kAgaLa para citro dorIne jADA pUThA ke lAkha para coMTADIne goLAkAra, laMbacorasa ke corasa AkAramAM kApIne citro taiyAra karAtAM. tevAM citrone ramavAnAM sacitra pattAM, anya avatAro ke prasiddha prAsaMgika citro tarIke oLakhAtAM hoya che. AvA sacitra kAgaLo bhAratanA aneka purAvazeSa saMgrahomAMthI upalabdha thAya che. tevA namUnA paNa atre che. upasAvelI lITIvALA jADA kAgaLo jaina lekhanapaddhatimAM vadhu pramANamAM vaparAya che. AvA Page #119 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 104 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana jADA kAgaLa para lITI upasAvelA patrano namUno, hastapratonA upara nIcenA baMdhana mATenA sacitra lAkaDAnI pATI bharelA e be bAjunI paMktine joDavAmAM AvatI hoya che. temAM ekathI cAra-pAMca akSaro ja lakhAtI hoya che. koSTaka ke caMdrodaya-sUryodaya jevI sUcanAvALA jyotiSa, kAvya, chaMda ke citrAlaMkAra ke tAMtrika hastapratomAM bAjumAM athavA saLaMga pAnAmAM lAla ke kALI lITI dorIne koSTaka taiyAra karAtAM hoya che. bAjue rekhAcitra dorIne tenI sAme samajUtI lakhAtI hoya che. keTalIka vAra akSaro kotarIne saLaMga paMkti ke bloka ke citra upasAvavAmAM AvatAM hoya che, tevA kotaraNIvALA patro raMgIna ke zveta patra mUkIne vAMcavAthI ke jovAthI te AkRtio ke akSarono suMdara ane kalAtmaka uThAva Avato hoya che. AvA prakAranI prato A saMgraha uparAMta vaDodarAmAM paNa che, anyatra paNa evA namUnA saMbhave che. (Ano vizeSa abhyAsa 'lekhanakalAnI prAcInatA, vikAsa ane kartanalekhana kalApaddhati' - 'sAmIpya", eprila, 90-mArca, 91, pR. 41-50). karmakAMDa, vedAMta, bhakti, nyAya, veda, purANa, vyAkaraNa, jyotiSa vagere vizALa vargIkaraNa (Broad Classification) karyA pachI temAMthI eka eka vibhAga laIne temAMnuM vibhAgIkaraNa karavuM paDe che. jema ke vyAkaraNanA vibhAganA eka sAmaTA patro laIne temAMthI mULa graMtha - sArasvata TIkA, pANiniya vyAkaraNa, sArasvata vyAkaraNa, kArikA, TIkA, siddhAMtakaumudI prakaraNanA vibhAgo, laghu siddhAMtakaumudI, prauDha manoramA, bAlamanoramA ityAdi pragaTa - apragaTa graMthonA patro mAtra akSara, pAnAM ane lekhanazailInA AdhAre judI tAravavAmAM Ave, pachI kAcA rajisTara para caDAvavAmAM Ave, pAchaLathI koIka patra maLe to tene temAM umeravAmAM Ave - temanI goThavaNI, pAnAM bAMdhIne pUThA para kAcA naMbaro caDAvIne goThavavAmAM Ave - vagere prakriyAo pratyeka vibhAganI hastapratonAM patro mATe karavAmAM Ave. tyAre vadhumAM vadhu pAnAM eka pratanAM ekaThA karelA ApaNane prApta thAya. e rIte stotro ke karmakAMDanI prato devI- devatAonI pratonAM patro judA pADIne, goThavIne pachIthI bAMdhavAmAM Ave. AvuM kArya varSothI thoDuM ghaNuM cAlu rAkheluM che, jenA pariNAme ghaNI sArI saMkhyAmAM hastapratono vadhAro thavA pAmyo che. mAtra kAgaLanI prato aneka vibhAgomAM vaheMcAyelI che. nAnI-moTI, Page #120 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 105 - bho. je. vidyAbhavanano hastapratasaMgraha che laMbacorasa patrovALI, ADA ke Ubhe pAne lakhAyelI hoya che. Ubhe pAne lakhelI pratomAM pothIo- kIrtana, hindI pado, guTakArUpe bAMdhelI prato hoya che. keTalIka vAra UbhA sAMkaDA ane lAMbA kAgaLo sAMdhIne saLaMga rekhAcitro ke bhaumitika AkRtiovALA jADA pothIbaMdhananAM pUMThA (je kApaDa coMTADIne zaNagArelA hoya che) saMgRhIta che. A hastaprato jAte athavA lahiyA ke koIka pAse lakhAvIne graMthabhaMDAramAM sAcavatAM, paraMtu tene vAMcavA mATe vidvAnone ghera ApatA ke kema te aMgenI koI prakriyA pracalita thaI hoya tema lAgatuM nathI. paraMtu amuka mANaso lokabhoga, vadhu pracalita ane upayogI pustakono khAnagI saMgraha rAkhatA ane joItI prata amuka cokkasa samayanuM niyata bhADuM ke dara laIne bhADe ApatA hatA. vi. saM. 1895 ane 1910nA AvA dastAvejI hastalikhita purAvA ahIM upalabdha che. temAM pratanuM zIrSaka, patra saMkhyA, laI gayAnI miti, pAchA ApavAnI miti, lenAranA hastAkSara, tenI sAkSI ApanAranA hastAkSara vagere mAhitI nodhAyelI maLI Ave che. A parathI chApelAM pustakonI lAyabrerInA pracAra, pahelAM pAThazALAo ane madaresAomAM tathA khAnagI saMgrahomAM AvA prakAranI kaMIka vyavasthA haze ema lAge che, te parathI graMthAlaya pravRttino vega tathA vikAsa vadhyA. taiyAra thaI gayelI hastapratonA vAcana, saMpAdana, saMzodhana vageremAM atyaMta upayogI thAya tevI samajUtI sAthenI sUcanAo zrI puNyavijayajIe ApI che, je AvA kAryamAM sahune atyaMta upayogI thaI paDe tevI che. (je. vi. pR. 84)chApelAM pustako karatAM hastalikhita pothIo ane citro ATalAM badhAM varSo jaLavAI rahe che tevo ApaNo sahu koIno pratyakSa anubhava che te parathI ApaNe eTaluM zIkhavuM joIe ke prAcIna paddhati pramANe patro zAhI, raMgo vagere taiyAra karAvIne enI para lakhANa ane citro taiyAra karAvavAnI, tene surakSita rAkhavAnI prathAne hAlanA tabakake paNa navuM sarjana karavAmAM uttejana ApavuM joIe, cAlu rAkhavuM joIe. Page #121 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 11. hastapratonuM aitihAsika tathA sAMskRtika mahattva prA. hariprasAda zAstrI . abhilekho ane sAhityakRtionI jema hastaprato rAjakIya tathA sAMskRtika itihAsanA srota tarIke mahattvanuM sthAna dharAve che. hastapratomAM graMthanA te te khaMDanA aMte temaja samagra graMthanA aMte ApavAmAM AvelI puSpikA parathI prastuta graMthanuM tathA enA kartAnuM nAma jANavA maLe che. keTalIka hastapratomAM graMthanA aMte graMthakAra-prazasti ApI hoya che, tenA parathI graMthakAranAM kuLa, samaya, samakAlIna rAjA, pUrvajo, sthAna ityAdinI vigato prApta thAya che. vaLI hastapratanA aMte lahiyAe ApelI potAnI mAhitI parathI tenuM nAma, kuLa, sthAna, jJAti, lekhana-samaya ityAdi uparAMta ghaNIvAra samakAlIna rAjAnAM nAma-birUda, adhikArIo vagerenI vigata paNa upalabdha thAya che. A vigato parathI keTalIka vAra aitihAsika ane sAMskRtika upayogitA dharAvatI mAhitI paNa prakAzamAM Ave che. dA.ta. siddharAja jayasiMhano aitihAsika vRttAMta nirUpavA mATe e solaMkI rAjavI (vi. saM. 1150-1199) nA samakAlIna hemacandrAcAryo dvayAzraya mahAkAvyamAM e rAjavInAM keTalAMka parAkrama nirUpyAM che. temAM pahelAM barbarakaparAbhava ane pachI mAlava-vijayane mahatva ApyuM che, jyAre soraTha-vijayanI ghaTanA nirUpI nathI. jayasiMhadevanAM parAkramo ane enA kAlAnukamanI bAbatamAM hastapratomAMthI prazastio mahattvanI pramANita mAhitI pUrI pADe che. dA. ta. nizIthacUNi" nI vi. saM. 1157nI prazasti tathA 'AdinAthacaritra' nI vi. saM. 1160nI prazastimAM jayasiMhadevanA nAma sAthe koI viziSTa biruda ApyAM nathI. A parathI jayasiMhadevanA rAjyakAlanAM A AraMbhika varSomAM enAM koI viziSTa parAkrama karAyAM na hoya, paraMtu bharUca ane ardhabharata ane enI sattA 106 Page #122 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastapratonuM aitihAsika tathA sAMskRtika mahatva 107 pravartatI hatI e spaSTa thAya che. jIvasamAjavRti'nI vi.saM. 1166nI hastapratanI pupikAmAM mahArAjAdhirAja jayasiMhadeva mATe tailokyamaMDa' biruda apAyuM che ne 'uttarAdhyayanasUtra'nI vi.saM. 1179nA hastapratanI pupikAmAM e uparAMta "siddhacakavata' biruda ApeluM che. A parathI jayasihadeve vi.saM. 1166 sudhImAM vijaya-prasthAna karI vi.saM. 1178mAM soraTha para vijaya karyAnI saMbhAvanAne samarthana maLe che. vi.saM. 1191nA bhAdrapadamAM dhoLakAmAM lakhAyelI puSpavatIkathA'nI hastapratanI puSpikAmAM paNa A be biruda ja ApelAM che, jyAre vi. . 1192ne jayeSThamAM lakhAyelA "navapadaprakaraNavRttinI hastapratanI prazastimAM pahelavaheluM "avaMtInAtha' biruda prayojAyuM che. e parathI jayasiMhadeve karelo mAlava-vijaya vi.saM.1191nA bhAdrapada ane 1192nA jayeSanA samayagALA daramiyAna thayo hovAnuM nizcita thAya che. evI rIte mahArAjAdhirAja kumArapAlanA samayamAM aNahilavADa pATaNamAM vi.saM. 1208mAM lakhAyela 'pUjAvidhAna' nI hastapratanI prazasti parathI kumArapAle zAkaMbharI- vijaya e miti pahelAM thoDA samaya para karyo hovAnuM mAlUma paDe che, kemake kumArapAla (vi. saM. 1199-1229) nA samayanAM lakhANomAM 'zAkaMbharI-bhUpAla" evuM biruda ene mATe pahelavaheluM A prazastimAM prApta thayuM che. evI rIte mahArAjAdhirAja jayasiMhadeva, kumArapAla, bhImadeva rajo ane vIsaladevanA samayanI hastaprata prazastiomAM teonA mahAmAtya Adi adhikArIono nirdeza Ave che e parathI e adhikArIonA zAsanakAla para prakAza paDe che. hastapratonI prazastiomAMnI aneka vigato sAMskRtika itihAsanA nirUpaNamAM paNa upayogI nIvaDe che. dA.ta. 'padmAnaMdakAvya'nA prazasti 1 mAM vIsaladevanI sabhAmAM virAjatA kavi somezvara, arisiMha ane amaracandrasUri jevA vidvAnono nirdeza karAyo che. hastapratonI prazastiomAM aNahilavADa pATaNa, staMbhatIrtha ane bijApura jevAM aneka nagaro tathA vidyAkendrono ullekha upalabdha che. vaLI A prazastiomAM Ukezu, prAgvATa, zrIpAla, dharkaTa ane pallivAla jevA vaMzo, udIcya, usavAla ane moDha jevI jJAtio tema ja upakeza, saMDera, caMdra, tapa, bRhad, kharatara ane candra jevA gacchonA nirdeza Ave che te sAMskRtika daSTie mahattva dharAve che. vaLI prazastio ane puSpikAomAM aneka jinAlayo tathA upAzrayonA nirdeza Ave che. Page #123 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 108 hastapratavidyA ane Aga sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana sAhityanA itihAsanI dRSTie joIe, to prAcIna mUrtionI aMdara kyAreka te te mUrtinI racanAnuM varSa ApeluM hoya che. A vigatanA abhAve ApaNe prAcIna sAhityanI anekAneka suprasiddha mUrtionI racanAno cokkasa samaya bhAgye ja nakakI karI zakIe chIe ke ApaNe ethI enA kartAonA aMdAjI samaya AMkI saMtoSa mAnavo paDe che. paraMtu ghaNIkharI hastapratomAM te te prata kyAre lakhAI teno samaya vigatavAra Apelo hoya che. e parathI te te mUrtinA racanA samayanI uttaramaryAdA AMkavAmAM ThIkaThIka madada maLI rahe che. samayanirdezanI A vigato te te samayanA pracalita saMvatanA varSamAM bahudhA, mAsa, pakSa, tithi ane vAranA nirdeza sAthe ApI hoya che. A vigato yathAtatha samajavA mATe to samayanA pratiSThita saMvatanAM varSa tathA mAsa gaNavAnI paddhati, varSanI saMkhyA darzAvavA prayojAtA vividha zabda saMketo, mAsa tathA vAranAM nAmo mATe vaparAtA vividha paryAyo ityAdinI jANakArI jarUrI banI rahe che. tithinI sAthe vAra Apelo hoya to te divase AvatAM IsvIsananuM varSa, mAsa ane tArIkhano cokakasa khyAla paNa meLavI zakAya che. kayA pradezamAM kayA samaye kAlagaNanAmAM kayo saMvata pracalita hato, emAM varSa kayA vArathI zarU thatAM ne enA mAsa kayA divase pUrA thatA ityAdi nizcita karavAmAM A vigato ghaNI upakAraka nIvaDe che. hastapratomAMthI puSpikAo parathI te te samaye sAhityanAM vividha svarUpomAM kaI mUrtio vadhu pracalita hatI, kayAM vidyAkendromAM kayA viSayonuM adhyayanapaThana vadhAre thatuM, te te viSayanA graMthonI hastaprato lakhAvavAmAM kayA varganA manuSyo vadhu sakriya bhAga letA ane graMthalekhApanano dhArmika mahimA kevo manAto teno paNa khyAla Ave che. vaLI te te samaye kaI bhASAo pracalita hatI, te te samayanI lipimAM vargonAM kevAM svarUpa prayojAtAM, graMtho tADapatra, kAgaLa vagere jevA padArtho para lakhAtA, graMthalekhana mATe kevAM vividha sAdhana prayojAtAM, hastapratonA patra kevA kada ane AkAranAM rakhAtA, hastapratomAM kyAreka kevAM suMdara citra AlekhAtAM, lahiyAo kayA varganA hatA ne teo sIdhI paMktiomAM surekha akSara kevI rIte lakhatA tema ja hastaprata-lekhanamAM kyAreka sudhArA, vadhArA ne ghaTADA karavAnI jarUra paDatI to te teo kevI rIte karatA ItyAdi anekavidha mAhitI hastapratonA AMtarika adhyayana parathI upalabdha thAya che, je hastapratavijJAnanI daSTie ghaNI upayogI nIvaDe che. Page #124 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastapratonuM aitihAsika tathA sAMskRtika mahattva chelle, prAcIna graMthonA saMpAdanamAM jUnI hastapratonuM je mahattva che tenI samIkSA karIe. hiMdu dharmanA prAcInatama dharmagraMthomAM vedasaMhitAo ghaNuM mahattvanuM sthAna dharAve che. emAM sUktonI racanA I. pU. bIjI sahasrAbdImAM thaI lAge che. eTalA prAcIna samayanI hastaprato upalabdha nathI, paraMtu dhArmika mahattvanI dRSTie e sUktono pATha maukhika paraMparA dvArA paNa akSaraza: yathAtatha jaLavAI rahyo che. AthI e sUktonA mULa pAThamAM prakSepa bhAgye ja thayA che. upaniSado tathA vedAMga-graMthonA pAThamAM paNa prakSipta pAThAMtara javalle jovA maLe che. itihAsa-purANa sAhityamAM mahAbhArata, harivaMza, rAmAyaNa ane purANono samAveza thAya che. A graMthonuM paThana, zravaNa, pArAyaNa eTaluM lokapriya hatuM ke emAM samaye samaye aneka prakSepa thatA rahyA. mahAbhArata A sarvamAM sahuthI daLadAra graMtha che. enI samIkSita (Critical) AvRtti taiyAra karavAnuM bhagIratha kArya puNenA bhaMDArakara orienTala risarca insTiTyUTe 1919mAM AraMbhI 40 varSanA lAMbA puruSArtha dvArA 1959mAM pUrNa karyuM. A mATe eNe devanAgarI, zAradA, nevArI, maithilI, baMgALI, naMdinAgarI, telugu, kannaDagraMtha ane malayAlama jevI prAdezika lipiomAM lakhAyelI aneka prAcIna hastapratomAM ApelA pAThono AdhAra laI, lagabhaga sarva pratomAM ApelA adhyAyo tathA zlokonA sahuthI samucita pAThane svIkRta pATha tarIke ApI, emAM sarva pAThAMtaro tathA nAnAmoTA prakSipta aMzone pAdaTIpo ane pariziSTomAM noMdhyA. keTalIka vAra lAMbA prakSepo aneka adhyAyone AvarI letA. keTalIka pratomAM eka adhyAyane be ke traNa adhyAyomAM vibhakta karelo nIkaLyo, to keTalIka pratomAM ethI UlaTuM be ke traNa adhyAyone eka adhyAyamAM saMyojita karelA hovAnuM jaNAyuM. mahAbhAratanI uttarI vAcanAmAM 18 parva che, jyAre dakSiNa vAcanAmAM 24 parva che. prakSipta aMzone alaga tAravavAthI mULa graMthamAM ghUselA keTalAka saMzaya dUra thayA. dA.ta. draupadI-svayaMvara prasaMge karNane sUtaputra tarIke spardhAmAM UtaravA devAnI manAI karavAmAM AvI evuM prakSipta aMzomAM jaNAveluM che, jyAre mULa vAcanAmAM karNane evo koI anyAya karAyo hovAnuM jaNAvyuM nathI. UlaTuM amuka pratomAM to karNe paNa bIjA anekanI jema svayaMvaranI spardhAmAM matsya-vedha mATe prayatna karyo ne e paNa emAM niSphaLa nIvaDyo evuM jaNAvyuM che. mahAbhAratanuM khila (pariziSTa) gaNAtA 'harivaMza' nI samIkSita AvRtti 109 Page #125 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 110 hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana paNa puNenI e saMsthAe taiyAra karI che. enAM traNa parva che. temAMnA harivaMzaparvanI agAu mudrita AvRttiomAM 55-56 adhyAya hatA, jyAre samIkSita AvRttimAM 45 adhyAya nIkaLyA; viSNuparvamAM 128-138ne badale 68 nIkaLyA ne bhaviSyaparvamAM to 135- 136 adhyAyone badale mAtra pAMca adhyAya svIkRta nIvaDyA ! Ama samIkSita AvRttimAM traNeya parvanA ekaMdare 318-326 ne badale 118 adhyAya che. emAMya mULa harivaMza vastuta: adhyAya 98nA aMte samApta thato evuM emAM spaSTa vidhAna che. chatAM sarva vartamAna hastapratomAM e pachInA 20 adhyAya ApelA hoI, graMthasaMpAdananA zAstrIya niyama anusAra samIkSita AvRttimAM ene samAvavA paDyA che. mahAbhAratanI vidyamAna AvRtti karatAM rAmAyaNanI vidyamAna AvRtti bhASAkIya dRSTie uttarakAlIna che. AthI emAM prakSipta aMzonuM pramANa sarakhAmaNIe ochuM che. rAmAyaNanI saMzodhana AvRtti vaDodarAnA oNrienTala insTiTayUTe 1961-75mAM taiyAra karI prakAzita karI che. ene mATe vaparAyelI hastapratomAM sahuthI jUnI prata vi.saM. 1076(I.sa. 1020)nI che. arthAt mahAbhArata mATe prayojAyelI sahuthI jUnI hastaprata (I.sa. 1511) karatAM lagabhaga pAMca zataka jeTalI pUrvakAlIna che. vaDodarAnI e saMsthA taraphathI viSNupurANanI samIkSita AvRtti taiyAra thaI che, paraMtu hajI prakAzita thaI nathI. amadAvAdanuM bho. je. vidyAbhavana bhAgavata purANanI samIkSita AvRtti taiyAra karI rahyuM che, teno graMtha 1 (skaMdha 1-3) ane graMtha 4, khaMDa 1 (skaMdha 10) prakAzita thayA che, jyAre bAkInA graMtha saMpAdita thaI rahyA che. bhAgavatapurANanI eka devanAgarI prata vi. saM. 1181 (I. sa. 1124-25) jeTalI prAcIna che. mahAbhArata ane rAmAyaNamAM uttarI ane dakSiNI vAcanAo maLI che, jyAre bhAgavatamAM evo vAcanAbheda rahelo nathI. enA dazama skaMdhanA traNa adhyAya (naM 12 thI 14) prakSipta hovAnuM keTalIka hastaprato tathA vijayadhvajanI TIkA parathI siddha thayuM che. zrImad vallabhAcArye A adhyAyo para vRtti lakhI che, paraMtu teone vigIta (prakSipta) gaNyA che. vArANasInA kAzIrAja TrasTa tathA vaDodarAnA prAcyavidyAmaMdira dvArA bIjAM keTalAMka purANonI samIkSita AvRttio taiyAra karAya che, padmapurANa ane skandapurANa jevAM jJAnakozAtmaka purANonA vibhinna khaMDonA samayAMkana mATe teonI hastaprato upayogI nIvaDaze. Page #126 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastapratonuM aitihAsika tathA sAMskRtika mahattva 111 jaina sAhityamAM muni jinavijyajI, paMDita sukhalAlajI, muni puNyavijyajI tathA muni jaMbuvijyajI jevA vidvAnoe aneka graMthonI samIkSita AvRttio taiyAra karI che. itihAsopayogI prabandha graMthomAM muni jinavijayajIe prabaMdhacintAmaNi, vividhatIrthakalpa, prabaMdhakoza, prabhAvaka carita ane purAtana prabandha saMgraha jevA aneka graMtha saMpAdita karyA che. paM. sukhalAla saMghavIe 'sanmatitarka prakaraNa" ane "to paplavasiMha' jevA tattvajJAnAtmaka graMtha saMpAdita karela che. muni zrI puNyavijayajIe bRhatkalpasUtra' ane aMgavijA' jevA AgamagraMtha tema ja 'kIrtikaumudI' ane 'sukRtasaMkIrtana' jevAM prazastikAvya tathA bIjA aneka graMtha saMpAdita karyA che. muni zrI jaMbuvijayajI AgamagranthonA samIkSita saMpAdanamAM vaSoMthI pravRtta che. muni jinavijayajI jevA vidvAnoe taiyAra karela granthaprazastisaMgraha tema ja muni puNyavijaya jevA vidvAnoe taiyAra karela aneka graMthabhaMDAromAMnI hastapratonI sUcio hastapratone adhyayana tathA saMzodhana mATe mahattvanI sAmagrI pUrI pADe che. A saMdarbhamAM jaina Agama graMtho tathA bauddha tripiTaka graMthonA mULa pATha ane teonI asala bhASAnI samasyA paNa ApaNuM dhyAna kheMce che. mahAvIra svAmI ane gautama buddha samakAlIna hatA ne e baMnenAM vihArakSetra paNa lagabhaga eka ja hatAM. chatAM e be dharmapravartakonAM je pravacana teonA ziSyo tathA zrotAo dvArA graMtharUpe saMkalita thayAM che te AgamonI ane tripiTakonI bhASA hAla ATalI bhinna kema lAge che ? A samasyAnA nivAraNa mATe A baMne prakAranA dharmagraMthonA mULa pATha zodhI ene AdhAre enAM prAcInatama bhASAsvarUpa zodhI kADhavAnI tAtI jarUra rahelI che. A mATe hastapratonA vibhinna pATha tema ja te samayamAM prayojAyelI prAdezika bhASAonA pracalita svarUpanuM sUkSma adhyayana tathA saMzodhana karavuM Avazyaka banI rahe che. tAjetaramAM A dizAmAM keTalAka puruSArtha AraMbhAyo che e AvakArapAtra che. muni zrI puNyavijayajI mahArAjanI janmazatAbdI nimitte A bAbatamAM koI saMgIna yojanA ghaDAya ne ene sakriya rIte kAryAnvita karavAnAM caka gatimAna thAya evI AzA rAkhIe. Page #127 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 12. prAkRta-apabhraMza pAMDulipiyoM kI sampAdana-prakriyA pro. premasumana jaina prAkRta-apabhraMza pAMDulipiyoM kI sampAdana-prakriyA zramaNa saMskRti meM hastalikhita granthoM kI sudIrgha paramparA se jAnI jA sakatI hai / lekhanakalA ke vikAsa meM jaina AcAryo, muniyoM va zrAvakoM kA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna hai / aitihAsika dRSTi se jaina paramparA meM yaha kahA jAtA hai ki bhagavAna RSabhadeva ne apanI putriyoM ko lipikalA kA jJAna diyA thaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke upadeza bahuta samaya taka maukhika paramparA dvArA hI surakSita rahe haiN| lagabhaga 1-2 zatAbdI taka saMbhavata: jaina granthoM ko lipibaddha karane kI bAta socI jAne lagI thI / samrATa khAravela ke abhilekha meM Agama likhavAne kA ullekha hai / anuyogadvArasUtra meM bhI patrAruDha zruta (grantha) ko dravyazruta mAnA gayA hai| kintu jaina AgamoM ko likhita svarUpa AcArya devarddhigaNi kI adhyakSatA meM saMvat 980 meM vallabhI meM Ayojita sammelana meM hI prApta huA hai / yadyapi isake pUrva pahalI-dusarI zatAbdI meM AcArya umAsvAti tathA kundakundAcArya jaise vidvAn granthalekhana kA prArambha kara cuke the| ___ pAMDulipi-sampAdana meM Aja jo pAThAntaroM, sampradAyoM tathA arthAntaroM kI samasyAeM haiM, ve prAcIna samaya meM bhI thIM / jaina Agama-sAhitya evaM usake vyAkhyA-sAhitya ke adhyayana se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki AcArya devarddhigaNi ke samakSa bhI AgamoM ke kaI maukhika pAThAntara pracalita the / usa samaya AgamoM kA sarva prathama lipibaddha sampAdana huA usameM una sabhI pAThAntaroM ko sammilita kara liyA gayA thA / Age cala kara vyAkhyA sAhitya meM bhI kaI pAThAntara surakSita hote rahe haiM / ata: pAThAntara kI eka lambI paramparA hai / pAThAntara hone ke kaI kAraNa haiM, jaise (1) AcAryoM kI paramparA bheda se pAThAntara hote haiN| (2) jaina granthoM ke lekhaka prAyaH muni rahe haiM / ve jaba kisI grantha kI pAMDulipi kA vAcana karate hue upadeza dete the to vyAkhyA karate hue kaI anya gAthAe~ Adi usI pAMDulipi ke hAziye para likha dete the| kAlAntara meM jaba usa pANDulipi kI prati likhI jAtI thI to hAziye para likhI sAmagrI bhI mUlagrantha meM sammilita ho jAtI thii| - 112 Page #128 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prAkRta- apabhraMza pAMDulipiyoM kI sampAdana prakriyA (3) isI prakAra mUla granthoM kI vyAkhyA aura TIkA Adi meM Aye hue kaI pada kAlAntara meM mUlapATha ke sAtha milA diye jAte the / (4) lipi kI aspaSTatA evaM (5) lipikAra kA kavitva bhI kaI bAra aneka pAThAntaroM ko janma detA rahA I (6) pradezagata bhinnatA se bhI kaI pAThAntara pAMDulipiyoM meM hue haiM / ' ataH sampAdana kArya meM pravRtta vyakti ke lie ina bAtoM ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue hI pATha-nirdhAraNa karanA cAhie | jaina granthoM ke prasiddha TIkAkAra abhayadevasUri ke samakSa bhI prAyaH ye hI kaThinAiyA~ thIM / unhoMne likhA hai ki arthabodha kI samyak gurU paramparA (sat sampradAya) tathA artha kI AlocanAtmaka sthiti (sat Uha ) prApta nahIM hai| aneka vAcanAeM haiM / pustake azuddha haiN| kRtiyAM sUtrAtmaka hone ke kAraNa bahuta gaMbhIra haiM / arthaviSayaka matabheda bhI haiN| phira bhI sampAdana kArya karanA hai / isa prakAra ke athavA parizramI jainAcAryoM dvArA hI prAcIna grantha sampadA kI surakSA huI hai, jo Aja hamArI eka thAtI ke rUpa meM hai / prAkRta sAhitya ke adhyayana se yaha bAta spaSTa hotI hai ki jaina saMgha kI jIvana-paddhati meM jJAna-mImAMsA sarvopari rahI hai| muni evaM gRhastha dharma kA mahattvapUrNa pakSa svAdhyAya rahA hai | Atma-cintana meM svAdhyAya jitanA upayogI hai, utanA hI zAstra lekhana grantha saMrakSaNa meM usakA mahattva hai| jaina samAja meM prAcIna samaya se hI yaha dhAraNA ho gayI thI ki zAstra - sambandhI koI bhI kArya karane se puNyalAbha hotA hai| apabhraMza kavi narasena ne kahA hai: - ehu satthu jo lihai lihAvai paDhai paDhAvai kahai kahAvai / jo ru - NAri ehu maNu bhAvai puNaha ahiu puNNaphalu pAva / / * - (vaDamANakahA) svAdhyAya kI isI pravRtti ke pariNAmasvarUpa sAre deza meM grantha bhaNDAroM kI sthApanA huI hai jaina, ajaina sabhI mahattvapUrNa granthoM kI surakSA ina grantha bhaNDAroM ke prabandha dvArA huI haiM / sampAdana kalA se sambandhita mahatvapUrNa sAmagrI ina jaina bhaNDAroM meM surakSita hai / ataH ye grantha bhaNDAra kisI bhI bhASA va sAhitya ke grantha-sampAdana ke kArya ke lie Aja aparihArya ho gaye haiM / rAjasthAna ke jaina grantha bhaNDAroM meM isa dRSTi se vipula aura mahattvapUrNa sAmagrI upalabdha haiM / jaina sAhitya kI pAMDulipiyoM ke avalokana se sampAdana kalA ke lie upayogI kaI tathya prApta hote haiM / jaina pAMDulipiyoM ke marmajJa vidvAna sva. muni zrI puNya - vijayajI ne 113 Page #129 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 114 hastapratavidyA ane Aga sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana bhAratIya jaina zramaNa saMskRti ane lekhanakalA nAmaka apane vistRta lekha meM sampAdanakalA - sambandhI mahattvapUrNa jAnakAriyAM prastuta kI haiM / " usameM unhoMne batAyA hai ki prAcIna pAMDulipiyAM kaise likhI jAtI thIM, unake lekhaka kauna hote the, lekhana sAmagrI kyA hotI thI, lipi kA svarUpa kaisA hotA thA tathA jaina pAMDulipiyoM kI lipi kI khAsa vizeSatAeM kyA thIM, ityaadi| ina jaina grantha-bhaNDAroM kI pAMDulipiyoM se patA calatA hai ki grantha likhane ke lie adhikatara tADapatra, vastra evaM kAgaja kA prayoga kiyA jAtA thA / bhojapatra meM likhA huA koi bhI jaina grantha abhI taka prApta nahIM huA hai| sabase pahale tADapatra meM grantha likhe gaye haiM / pATana, jaisalamera, mUDavidri Adi ke grantha-bhaNDAroM meM tADa-patrIya pAMDulipiyAM pracura mAtrA meM surakSita haiN| vidvAnoM kA mata hai sabase purAnI tADapatrIya pAMDulipi jaisalamera grantha- bhaNDAra se prApta huI hai| vaha hai, 1060 meM likhI gayI opaniyukti kI prati / pATana bhaNDAra se sabase adhika lambI tADa-patrIya prati milI hai 'prameyakamalamArtaNDa' kI, jo 37 iMca lambI hai / vastra para yadyapi adhika grantha nahIM likhe gaye, kintu phira bhI jaina lekhakoM ne vastroM para kaI sundara grantha likhe haiM / pATana ke zAstra-bhaNDAra meM sabase prAcIna 1371 I. kA 62 pannoM kA vastra para likhA eka grantha milA haiM / kalAtmaka citroM ke lie vastroM kA paryApta upayoga huA hai| kaI prakAra kI syAhI lekhana meM prayukta hotI thii| syAhI kI nirmANa-prakriyA kA varNana bhI jaina pAMDulipiyoM meM upalabdha hai / ' dezakAla kI bhinnatA ke kAraNa jaina pAMDulipiyoM kI lipi meM bhI kai bheda ho gaye haiN| yatiyoM kI lipi, kharataragacchIya lipi, mAravADI, lahiyoM (lekhakoM) kI lipi, gujarAtI lahiyoM kI lipi Adi meM paryApta antara hai / grantha-sampAdana meM ina lipiyoM kI bhedarekhA kI jAnakArI Avazyaka hai tabhI zuddha pATha-nirdhAraNa kiyA jA sakatA hai / yapi jaina lipi kI kaI vizeSatAeM haiM, kintu nimna pramukha vizeSatAoM kA yahA~ ullekha karanA upayogI hogA : 1. paDImAtrA: prAcIna samaya meM akSaroM ke sAtha mAtrAoM ko likhane kA pracalana thaa| jaina granthabhaNDAroM meM saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza Adi bhASAoMkI jo pAMDulipiyAM mili hai, unameM prAcIna pAMDulipiyoM meM paDImAtrA kA prAyaH prayoga huA hai / pahale likhane kI sAmagrI bahuta sUkSma hotI thii| tADapatra athavA kAgaja kA AkAra choTA hotA thA / ataH akSaroM ke upara mAtrAeM kara kama lagAyI jAtI thIM / pRSThamAtrA meM kAma calAyA jAtA thA / Page #130 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prAkRta-apabhraMza pAMDulipiyoM kI sampAdana-prakriyA 115 yathA:- ke = |ka, kai = |ke =, ko = |kA, kau - ko Adi / pAMDulipi - anveSakoM kA kahanA hai ki jaina pAMDulipiyoM meM isI paDI mAtrA kA pracalana prAyaH satrahavIM zatAbdI taka rahA hai| pATha sampAdana meM isa paddhati kA jJAna bahuta Avazyaka hai / anyathA kaI zabda azuddha utAra lie jAte haiM / yathA :-- tAmAnikara = (tamonikara) - tAmA - nikara, taronikara Adi / kisalayAkAmala = (kisalaya komala) - kisalayA - kAmala, Adi / Ajakala baMgalA lipi meM pRSThamAtrA kA pracalana hai, jo saMbhavata: magadha kI prAkRta bhASA meM likhita pratiyoM kA prabhAva hai| 2. akSarAtmaka aMka: prAcIna jaina pAMDulipiyoM kI yaha eka pramukha vizeSatA hai ki unameM aMkoM ke sthAna para yA unake sAtha-sAtha akSarAtmaka aMka bhI prayukta hue haiM / yathA : 1. = nuM athavA zrI 1 =rga 2. = na, stri 2 8=ii 3. = ma., zrI 3 4. = vo athavA ke aadi| 10la, 20 = ghA 40= pta 5. = ka athavA na 50cha 6. = pha, rpha jinabhadragaNi ke 'jinakalpasUtra' ke bhASya meM mUla gAthAoM ke aMka akSarAtmaka aMko meM die gaye haiN| anya pAMDulipiyoM ke pRSTha saMkhyA meM bhI athavA chanada saMkhyA Adi meM bhI isa prakAra ke aMkoM kA prayoga dekhA jAtA hai| zrI bhaMvaralAlajI nAhaTA ne apane lekha meM isa prakAra ke aMkoM ke kucha udAharaNa diye haiN| . isa prakAra ke akSarAtmaka aMkoM kA paricaya trizatI nAmaka prAcIna gaNita grantha meM diyA gayA hai / usameM eka se dasa hajAra taka akSarAtmaka aMka likhe haiM / ina aMkoM kI sAmAnya jAnakArI hone se sampAdana - kArya meM kucha sugamatA ho sakatI hai / ye akSarAtmaka aMka saMbhavataH mAMgalika kAraNoM se prayukta hae hoMge ho sakatA hai ki inake prayoga meM gopanIyatA bhI AdhAra rahI ho| Page #131 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 116 hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana 3. zabdAtmaka aMka : prAcIna pAMDulipiyoM evaM purAtAtvika sAkSyoM meM zabdAtmaka aMkoM kA prayoga bhI dekhA jAtA hai / sampAdaka ke lie inakA jJAna bahuta Avazyaka hai| zabdAtmaka aMkoM kA yadyapi koI nizcita koSa nahIM hai / kintu prayoga ke AdhAra para unake saMketa grahaNa kiye jA sakate haiM / eka aMka ke lie kaI zabda prayukta hue haiM / kintu udAharaNa ke lie kucha prayoga dekhe jA sakate haiM / yathA : pitAmaha, candra, vasudhA = 1 netra, karNa, bAhu = 2 loka, kAla, vacana = 3 veda, sAgara, Azrama = 4 bANa, iMdriya, pAMDava = 5 rasa, Rtu, |lezyA =6 deva = 33, kalA = 72 Adi / zabdAtmaka aMko ke prayoga vAlI pAMDulipiyoM ke sampAdana meM bahuta sAvadhAnI kI AvazyakatA hai, anyathA paMkti ke Age likhA huA aMka ( zabdAtmaka) bhI pATha meM sammilita ho sakatA hai / ina zabdoM ke jJAna ke dvArA tithi Adi ke nizcaya karane meM bhI sahAyatA milatI hai| 1 parvata, muni, azva= 7 sarpa, kuMjara, maMgala = 8 nidhi, tatva, hari = 9 dizA, karNa, prANa = 10 nakha = 20, jina = 24 4. pAMDulipi saMzodhana ke saMketa : I prAcIna pAMDulipiyoM ko lekhaka likhakara athavA likhavAkara use phira saMzodhana kI dRSTi se par3hate the / usa samaya mUla pATha meM jisa prakAra ke saMzodhana kI AvazyakatA hotI thI use vizeSa cihna dvArA aMkita kara patra ke hAziye meM likha diyA jAtA thA / pAMDulipi- sampAdana meM isa prakAra ke saMzodhanoM kA bar3A mahattva hai / jaina paramparA meM guru-ziSya kI anavarata paramparA hone ke kAraNa aise saMzodhana prAyaH hote rahate the / kucha pAMDulipiyAM svayaM lekhaka dvArA bhI saMzodhita pAyI jAtI haiN| saMzodhana ke ina saMketa cihnoM ke kucha udAharaNa yahA~ draSTavya haiM : 1. 2. 3. 4. - chUTe hue pATha ko dikhAne vAle cihna - Adi / AkArAMta mAtrAdarzaka cihna anya akSarasUcaka cinha (jaise paohara = paodhara ) akSara badala jAne para 2-1 ( yathA caraNa = caNa 21 ra) - Page #132 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prAkRta apabhraMza pAMDulipiyoM kI sampAdana- prakriyA chUTe hue pATha kI paMkti kA nambara- paM. o. / 5. 6. zabda aura akSara kA bheda / yathA - 7. vibhAga darzaka saMketa / / yathA - 8. vibhakti, vacana darzakacihna - 1-1, 2- 2,3-3 = ( arthAt prathamA ekavacana, dvitIyA dvivacana, tRtIyA bahuvacana) 9. zabda kA payArya sUcaka cihna = yathA - zazi = candra Adi / 10. vizeSaNa, vizeSyasUcaka cihna yathA kSINe zarIra Adi / NUma = mAyA, jaDu = hAthI, kramaNI= jUte, bhahaNaha = mahaNaha zloka kA eka caraNa Adi - I ye kucha sAmAnya saMzodhana darzakacinha haiM / inake svarUpa meM bhI vibhinna pAMDulipiyoM ke prayoga meM antara A gayA hai / kintu abhyAsa se unheM samajhA jA sakatA hai / tAntrika granthoM meM kucha vizeSa prakAra ke cihna prayukta pAye jAte haiM / 5. bhASAgata vizeSatAeM : deza kI prAya: sabhI bhASAoM meM jaina sAhitya likhA gayA hai| prAkRta aura apabhraMza isa sAhitya kI prAcIna bhASAeM rahI haiN| ina bhASAoM kI hajAroM pAMDulipiyAM granthabhaNDAroM meM upalabdha huI haiM, jinameM se adyAvadhi bahuta kama prakAzita ho pAyI haiM / ina pAMDulipiyoM meM vibhinna kAloM kI deza meM pracalita lokabhASAoM ke zabdoM kA prayoga huA hai| prAkRta evaM apabhraMza vyAkaraNa se sammata zabdoM ke atirikta kucha viziSTa zabdoM kA prayoga bhI ina granthoM meM huA hai, jinheM dezaja zabda kahA jAtA hai| hemacandra ne dezI nAmamAlAmeM aise aneka zabdoM kA saMgraha kiyA hai / kintu usake bAhara ke bhI hajAroM dezI zabda jaina sAhitya kI pAMDulipiyoM meM prayukta hue haiM / sampAdakoM kI sUkSma dRSTi evaM bhASAgata bahujJatA aise zabdoM ke artha khojane meM sahAyaka hotI hai / ata: jaina sAhitya kA isa prakAra se adhyayana karane se anya granthoM ke sampAdana kArya meM sahAyatA mila sakatI hai / prAkRta sAhitya meM prayukta kucha dezaja zabda dRSTavya haiM : andu =jaMjIra, ghaDA = goSThI, phella = daridra, 117 boMdi=zarIra oma = durbhikSa sigga = parizrama pAMDulipi- sampAdana meM hara zabda kA artha koza athavA vyAkaraNa kI sahAyatA se nahIM khojA jA sakatA / prasaMga aura loka pracalana ko bhI AdhAra banAyA jA sakatA hai / Page #133 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 118 hastapratavidyA ane Aga sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana ataH aparicita zabda ko pAThAntara meM DAlane kA hI vikalpa nahIM hai / usake sahI artha ko khojane kA prayatna bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai| ___ Adhunika bhASAoM kI pAMDulipiyoM meM bahuta se aise zabda prayukta mila sakate haiM, jinakA mUla rUpa saMskRta meM prApta na ho / ve zabda prAkRta aura apabhraMza kI paramparA se bhI sIdhe A sakate haiM / kyoMki Aja bhI bahuta se prAkRta ke zabda hamArI bolacAla kI bhASA athavA sAhitya meM prayukta ho rahe haiM / isa dRSTi se bhI hindI pAMDulipiyoM ke sampAdana meM prAkRta-apabhraMza bhASAoM kA jJAna upayogI hogaa| prAkRta-apabhraMza kI pAMDulipiyoM kI samasta vizeSatAoM ko pradarzita karanA zramasAdhya aura anubhava kA kArya hai / unakA sampAdana kaise karanA cAhie, isa sambandha meM bhI koI digdarzaka pustaka likhe jAne kA prayatna abhI taka nahIM huA hai| kintu vigata sau varSoM meM prAkRta-apabhraMza ke aneka grantha sampAdita hokara prakAza meM Aye haiM / videzI evaM bhAratIya vidvAna sampAdakoM ne ina granthoM ke sampAdana meM jo paddhatiyAM apanAyI haiM, ve Aja sampAdana kalA kI dastAveja ke rUpa meM mAnI jA sakatI haiM / ina sampAdita granthoM ke prAkkathanoM ke adhyayana se sampAdana kalA kI kaI bArIkiyAM sIkhI jA sakatI haiM / isa dRSTi se DaoN. pI. ela. vaidya, DaoN. e. ena. upAdhye, DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina, muni zrI puNyavijayajI, muni zrI jinavijayajI, paM. dalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA, DaoN. eca. sI. bhAyANI Adi khyAtiprApta sampAdakoM ke grantha' sampAdana-kArya meM pravRtta hone vAle vidvAna ko avazya dekhane caahie| aura use banArasa, kalakattA, jayapura, jodhapura, lADanUM ahamadAbAda, baDaudA, pUnA Adi sthAnoM meM sthita zodha saMsthAnoM meM jAkara sampAdanakalA kA vyAvahArika jJAna bhI prApta karanA cAhie / tabhI abhISTa grantha-vizeSa kA sarvAMgINa sampAdana-kArya saMbhava hai / prAkRta-apabhraMza bhASA ke jJAna ke lie apabhraMza akAdamI, jayapura ke pAThyakrama evaM pustakeM bhI upayogI haiN| pAdaTIpa 1. aMgasuttANi, bhUmikA, muni nathamala 2. sthAnAMgavRtti, prazasti 1.2 satsampadradAyahInatvAt sadUhasya viyogataH / sarvasvaparazAstrANAmadRSTerasmRtezca me / / 1 / / vAcanAnanAmakekatvAt pustakAnAmazuddhitaH / sUtrANAmatigAmbhIryAd matabhedAcca kutracit / / 2 / / Page #134 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prAkRta apabhraMza pAMDulipiyoM kI sampAdana prakriyA 3. DaoN. kAsalIvAla, jaina grantha bhaNDArAja ina rAjasthAna, pRSTha 3-7 4. DaoN. kAsalIvAla : rAjasthAna ke jaina zAstra - bhaNDAroM kI sUcI (1-5 bhAga ) 5. lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI saMskRti vidyAmaMdira, ahamadAbAda ke pustakAlaya meM upalabdha sAmagrI | 6. DaoN. kAsalIvAla, jaina graMtha bhaMDArAja ina rAjasthAna, pRSTha 13 7. zrI bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA, jaina lekhanakalA, rAjasthAna kA jaina sAhitya, pRSTha 400 401 8. bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA, vahI, pRSTha 402 9. draSTavya, prAkRta sAhitya kA itihAsa, DaoN. je. sI. jaina, pRSTha 693 10. draSTavya, jJAnapITha patrikA, varSa 7, aMka 3 (1968) 11. mahApurANa - pI.ola. vaidyA, kuvalayamAlA kahA- e. ena. upAdhye, NAyakumAracari hIrAlAla jaina, paumacariu - bhAyANI, jaMbusAmIcariu - vimala prakAza jaina, Adi / - 119 Page #135 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 13. buddhisAgara vyAkaraNa : hastaprato ane saMpAdana DioN. nArAyaNa ema. kaMsArA 'prabhAvaka carita'mAMnA abhayadevasUriprabaMdha'mAM jInezvarasUri ane buddhisAgarasUri viSe ghaNI mAhitI maLI Ave che. jInezvarasUrie nyAyaviSayaka pramANamya" nAme graMthanI ane buddhisAgarasUrie "zabdalakSya' arthAta vyAkaraNaviSayaka paMcagraMthI vyAkaraNa" athavA "buddhisAgaravyAkaraNa'nI racanA karIne emanA jamAnAmAM zvetAmbara jainonA sAhityamAMnI te te kSetramAMnI UNapa pUrI karI hatI. A banne graMthakAro kharatara gacchanA zvetAmbara jaina AcAryA hatA ane temano samaya Azare I.sa. 980thI 1025nA arasAmAM jaNAya che. emAMthI buddhisAgarasUrikRta 'paMcagraMthI buddhisAgara vyAkaraNa' jene graMthakAre prAraMbhanA maMgalazlokamAM "zabdalakSya" tarIke oLakhAvyuM che, tenI cAra hastaprato maLI Ave che : (1) jesalameranuM tADapatra (2) pATaNanI prata kramAMka 6608 (3) pATaNanI prata kramAMka 6833, ane (4) vaDodarAnI prata. A cAra hastapratonuM vigatavAra vivaraNa nIce mujaba che : 1. jesalameranuM tADapatra: mULa tADapatraprata jesalameranA baDabhaMDAramAM naM. 608 tarIke sacavAyelI che. A hastapratanI mAikrophilma muni zrI puNyavijayajI mahArAjasAhebe taiyAra karAvI hatI, je Aje paNa lA. da. bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmaMdira (ela. DI. insTiTayUTa oNpha inDolojI) mAM mAIkrophilma rola naM. 6. mAMnA naM. 95 rUpe sacavAI rahI che. A mAikrophilmanI phoTokopInI pleTa naM. 131 thI 187 arthAt 57 pleTo para hastapratanA kula 394 patronA phoTogrApha kADhavAmAM AvyA che. AmAM patronI laMbAI Azare 45 thI 30 se. mi. che. arthAtu keTalAka patro lAMbA che to keTalAMka TUMkA paNa che. patronI pahoLAI Azare pAMca 120 Page #136 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ buddhisAgara vyAkaraNa hastAro ane saMpAdana 121 saM. mi. che. emAM patra naM 201 khovAI gayuM che. sUcimAM A hastapratamAM sacavAyelI kRtinuM nAma "buddhisAgara vyAkaraNa" darzAvavAmAM AvyuM che. A patra Azare vikrama saMvatanI 13mI sadImAM lakhAI hatI. prathama patranI DAbI bAjumAM Azare AThamA bhAgano TukaDo paDI khovAI gayo che. pratyeka patranA banne bAjunAM pRSTho para 3 thI 6 paMkitaomAM lakhANa che. patramAM jamaNA ane DAbA hAMsiyA che, paNa sAthe sAthe vacce paNa sarakhA bhAgavALI laMbAInA bIjA be hAMsiyA pADyA che ane e be hAMsiyAomAM dorI parovavA mATe chidra rAkhavAmAM AvyuM che. A hastapratamAMnuM lakhANa jaina devanAgarI lipimAM paDimAtrAnI paddhatie lakhavAmAM AvyuM che. prathama patranuM eka pRSTha koruM che. jyAre bIjA pRSTha upara " ninane sAyamasiM smatAnAM gura | navA" ema lakhANa zarU thAya che. A hastapratanA aMte 374mAM patranA prathama prakamAM jamaNI bAjunA chellA ekatRtIyAMza bhAganI chaThThI paMkitanA AraMbhathI A - pramANe lakhANa che. zrI nArAtipura tAdya mA satasa 22 // ." phoTokopImAM tADapatranAM pAnAM evI rIte goThavavAmAM AvyAM che ke dareka pleTamAM 14 pRSTho Ave ane te dareka kAM to patronAM eka sarakhA ja pUcho hoya - badhAM ja ma pRSTho athavA badhAM patrakamAMkavALAM 2 pRSTho. chellI 187 kramAMkavALI pleTamAM pRSTavALAM pAMca patro (kramAMka 369 thI 373)nA phoTA che, jyAre tenI pUrvenI 186mI pleTamAM cha patro (kamAMka 369 thI 374)nA 3 pramanA phoTA che. A phoTA pachI Azare 6 se.mi. nI jagA vacce choDI daIne nIce aMgrejI kepiTala akSaromAM nIcenuM lakhANa mUkavAmAM AvyuM che : This Oldest Jaina collection of Palm and Paper manuscripts (Shri Jinabhadra Jaina Gnana Bhandar) after eight hundred years has been completely been revised, recognized, descriptively catalogues and microfilming arrangements made in V. S. 2006 * 7, by Muni Punyavijayaji Maharaja. Financial contribution through Jain Swetamber Conference, Bombay". arthAt tADapatra ane kAgaLanI hastapratonA A prAcInatama saMgraha (zrI jInabhadra jaina jJAnabhaMDAra)ne, AThaso varSo pachI saMpUrNa rIte punarAvartita, punavyavasthita, varganapUrvaka sUcibaddha karIne (hastapratonI) mAikrophilmo karI levAnI vyavasthA muni puNyavijyajI mahArAje vi. saM. 2006 -7mAM karI che. A mATenuM Page #137 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ - 122 hastapratavidyA ane Aga sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana : 1 Arthika dAna jaina zvetAmbara konpharansa, muMbaI mAraphata (maLyuM che). A hastaprata khUba mahattvanI che kema ke tene lIdhe ja saMzodhakane graMthanA sAcA pATha prApta karavAmAM sahAya maLe che, joke temAM uSmaNanuM tAlavyIkaraNa (jema ke ? ne badale ja gha.ta. "') prathama patranI prathama paMkitamAM tathA anusvArano abhAva (jema ke te ja patramAM te ja sthAne prathama zlokamAM guru pAThamAM) tema jaDa ane Da vaccenA bhedano abhAva jovA maLe che ja. 2. pATaNanI prata kamAMka 6608: A hastaprata jUnA amadAvAdI kAgaLa para lakhAyelI che, ane pATaNamAMnA vADIpArzvanAtha jaina jJAnabhaMDAramAM DAbaDA naM. 168mAM "buddhisAgara vyAkaraNa paMcagraMthI'e nAme hastaprata sUcimAM 6608 kamAMke noMdhAyelI che. A prata vi. saM. 1948mAM lakhAyelI che. enA kula 104 patro che. dareka patranI laMbAI pahoLAI 30.5 x 11.1 se.mi. che. lakhANavALA bhAganI laMbAI pahoLAI 254 x 8.7 se.mi. che. akSaronuM mApa Azare 0.3 se.mi. che. lakhANa devanAgarImAM paDimAtrA zailImAM che. graMthanuM nAma DAbA hAMsiyAmAM bIjI ane trIjI paMkitanI haroLamAM baluddhisAgara ta cArA' ema lakhavAmAM AvyuM che. patra 566nA mATe pratyeka pRSThanI vaccovacca aMgUThA tathA AMgaLAnuM TeravuM mUkavA mATe Azare be se.mi.nI corasa korI jagyA rAkhI che ane DAbA tathA jamaNA hAMsiyAmAM vaccovacca eka vartuLa tathA upara nIce kalAtmaka velInI ke bhAlAnI rekhAtmaka AkRti dorelI che. DAbA hAMsiyAmAMnA vartuLamAM nAgarI 63, 6 ane # evA akSara ekabIjAnI upara nIce lakhavAmAM AvyA che. jamaNA hAMsiyAmAMnA vartuLamAM saLaMga patrakamAMko 96thI zarU karIne lakhavAmAM AvyA che. sAthe sAthe 1 thI zarU karIne alaga patrakamAMko pAchaLanA pRSTha para chellI paMktinI haroLanI nIcenA bhAge jamaNI bAjunA hAMsiyAmAM lakhelA che. lakhANamAM zloka ke sUtranA aMtanuM sUcana lAla zAhInI pArthabhUmi para kALI zAhInA lakhANa dvArA karavAmAM AvyuM che. hAsiyAmAMnAM vartuLo nIce paNa lAla pArzvabhUmino upayoga karavAmAM Avyo che. DAbo jamaNo hAMsiyo paNa lAla bevaDI rekhAo vaDe lakhANabhAgathI alaga pADavAmAM Avyo che. rivAja mujaba prathama patranuM prathama pRSTha koruM rAkhyuM che ane graMthanuM lakhANa bIjA pRSThathI zarU thAya che. dareka pRSTha para 17 paMktio che ane dareka paMktimAM Azare 79 akSaro che. Page #138 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ buddhisAgara vyAkaraNa : hastaprato ane saMpAdana 123 prathama patranA bIjA pRSThanA lakhANano AraMbha bhale saMjJA sAthe A rIte thAya che eda / / namaH sarvajJAya / / siddhaM jinaM sarvavidaM niraMjanaM saz2adamIzaM kamalAlayaM guruM / natvA pro yupUrNa thavA pAmyA vudhavavRiddha | A hastapratanA keTalAka patromAM UdhaIne lIdhe kANAM paDavAthI thoDuMka lakhANa naSTa thayuM che ane keTalAka pAnAM corI javAthI ke kAgaLa jUno thavAthI pILAM paDI gayAM che ane baraDa thaI gayAM che. prathamapatra para UDatI najara karatAM ja pAThamAM bhUlonI sudhAraNA sAthe sAthe bhraSTatAM pravezyAnI sAbitI maLavA lAge che. jema ke prathama maMgalAcaraNa zlokamAM ja mULamAMnA guru ne badale puruM e sudhAro ane " rAcArlsa' pAThane badale 5 nIkaLI jaIne rAkSaMA evo bhraSTa pATha thaI gayo che. A hastapratanuM lakhANa patra 104 (saLaMga kamAMka 1070)nA bIjA pRSTha paranI 15mI paMkitamAM pUrNa thAya che. A paMktimAM lakhyuM che ke vinoditya nAnAt sAzItike yAti samAsahasre sazrIkajAbAlipure tadAdyaM dRbdhaM mayA saptasahasrakalpaM // 11 // zrI | sumaM mAtu II I | zrI / cha II zrIH AraMbha ane aMtane lakSamAM letAM ja jaNAI Ave che ke A pratamAM jesalameranI prata uparathI nakala utAravAmAM AvI che. 3. pATaNanI prata kramAMka 6833: A hastaprata pATaNanA hemacaMdra jJAnamaMdiramAM DAbaDA naM. 188mAM 6833 krame sacavAI che. emAM kula 168 patro che. dareka pAnAnI laMbAI pahoLAI Azare ra9.8 x 13.2 se. mi. che, ane lakhANavALo bhAga Azare 24.4 4 10.5 se. mi. lAMbo pahoLo che. dareka pAnAnA dareka pRSTha para 13 paMkitao che, ane dareka paMktimAM Azare 53 akSaro che. akSaranI UMcAI Azare 04 se. mi. che. A hastaprata kAgaLa para lakhavAmAM AvI che. enuM lekhana vi. saM. 1955, arthAt I. sa. 1899mAM thayeluM che. prathama patranuM prathama pRSTha koruM che, bIjA pRmanI prathama paMktimAM A pramANe lakhANa che. te parva 2 | nama: sarvajJApa siddha jinaM sarvavidaM niraMjanaM sarvIdamIzaM kamalAlayaM guruM natvA prabaddho laghupUrNa padyavAk zabdasya nAguvRiddha ? jamaNA hAMsiyAmAM ahIM vacamAM zaratacUkathI chUTI gayelo buddhi zabda pUrti karavA lakhAyo che. hastapratanA lakhANano aMta patra 168nA bIjA pRSThanI paMktinI madhyamAM Ave che. chellI be paMktiomAMnuM lakhANa A pramANe che : vena 20 zrI vikramAditya noMDhAsAt | sAtije vAti samIkSA Page #139 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 124 hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana sazrIkajAbAlipure tadAdyaM dRbdhaM mayA saptasahasrakalpaM 11 cha / saM. 1955 kArtikakRSNe povaramAM hi / naM / hrImatavinavana / nIno~dhAra pratikRti // A pratamAM pUrvapratomAM chUTI gayelA lagabhaga badhA ja anusvAro umerI dIdhA che ane uSmAkSaranAM daMtyakaraNo sudhArIne tAlavyIkaraNa karI dIdhAM che. uparAMta hastaprata enI pUrvenI pratanI nakalarUpe tenA jIrNoddhAra arthe taiyAra karavAmAM AvI hatI ane tenuM lekhana vi. saM. 1955 (arthAt I. sa. 1898) mAM kArataka vada terazanA divase hiMmatavijayagaNi dvArA karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM ema paNa nirdezavAmAM AvyuM che. pATaNanI upara varNavela patra naM. 6608 UdhaIne lIdhe khavAvAthI nukasAnavALI thaI hovAthI tenA jIrNoddhAra mATe A nakala taiyAra karavAmAM AvI haze evuM jaNAI Ave che. 4. vaDodarAnI hastaprata : A prata vaDodarAnA zrI jainajJAnamaMdiramAMnA munirAja zrI haMsavijayajI zAstrasaMgrahamAM 46 kramAMke sacavAyelI che. emAM kula 143 patro che. enI noMdhaNI sUcimAM ''vruddhisAgarakRta jvALa paMcagraMthI'' nAme thaI che. enuM lekhanakArya vi. saM. 1949 (arthAt I. sa. 1892) mAM poSa suda 10ne budhavAre pUrNa thayuM hatuM. A hastapratanuM lakhANa khaDI mAtrAvALI jaina nAgarI lipimAM che. dareka patranI laMbAI pahoLAI Azare 30.3 x 12.6 se.mi. che. dareka patranA dareka pRSThamAM jamaNe DAbe baMne bAjue 2.8 se.mi.no hAMsiyo che. hAMsiyAne lakhANathI alaga pADavA lAla triguNI UbhI rekhAo doravAmAM AvI che. dareka pRSThanI upara nIcenI bAjue Azare 2.3 se.mi.no koro bhAga rAkhavAmAM Avyo che ane banne hAMsiyAonI bahAranI dhAre eka UbhI lAla rekhA doravAmAM AvI che. pAnAonA kramAMko bIjA pRSTha para jamaNA hAMsiyAmAM caudamI paMktinI haroLamAM lakhyA che, jyAre graMthanuM nAma DAbA hAMsiyAmAM prathama be paMktionI haroLamAM tathA patra kramAMka paNa prathama patramAMnI cothI paMktinI haroLamAM nirdezavAmAM Avyo che. A hastaprata paNa pATaNanI upara nirdezelI prata naM. 6608nI nakala rUpe taiyAra karavAmAM AvI jaNAya che. hastapratanA prathama patramAMnuM AraMbhanuM lakhANa A pramANe che // OM / OM namaH sarvajJAva: || siddha jinaM sarvvavidaM niraMjanaM sarvvIyamIzaM kamalAlayaM guru / natvA prabaddho laghupUrNa padyavAk jainamyAnuSa yuddhivRddhaye // 1. hastapratano aMta 143mAM patranA prathama pRSThamAM . Page #140 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ buddhisAgara vyAkaraNa : hastaprato ane saMpAdana 125 14mI paMktinA aMte Ave che. emAM nIcenuM lakhANa che : zrI vimAhitya nareMdrakAlAt / sAzotike yAti samAsahasre / sazrIkajAbAlipure tadAdyaM dRbdhaM mayA saptasahasrakalpaM / / 11 // cha // zrI / / zubhaM bhavatu // saMvat 1949 posa zuklA 10 kutrei niti nImI sevaMI: savAruM napura mAdhavarAze. arthAt puramAM savAI mAdhavarAya siMdhiyA rAjAnA rAjyamAM jozI devakRSNa A hastapratanuM lekhana kArya karyuM hatuM. uparanI cAre hastapratonI tulanA karatAM evuM tAraNa nIkaLe che ke pATaNanI baMne hastaprato tathA vaDodarAnI hastaprata e mULe jesalameranI ja hastapratanI judA judA samaye thayelI nakalo che, tethI jesalameranI prata ja sauthI ochI bhUlovALI jaNAya che ane nakalamAM uttarottara vadhu ne vadhu pATho bhraSTa thatA gayA che. dA. ta. graMthanA AraMbhanA zlokamAMno jarA aspaSTa lakhANavALo yuddha e pATha paDImAtrAmAM hovAthI pravo jevo vaMcAI jAya tevo che ane traNe nakalomAM A bhraSTa pATha ja jovA maLe che e uparathI ema paNa jaNAya che ke mULa tADapatraprata tathA A nakala karanAra lahiyA A viSaya - vyAkaraNanA jANakAra na hatA. vaLI temaNe 3 ane 4 vacce koI bheda pADyo nathI, e paNa A bAbatanuM samarthana kare che. kALakramanI daSTie jotAM jesalameranI prata vikramasaMvatanI 13mI sadImAM lakhAI hatI, jyAre pATaNanI prathama prata vi. saM. 194ramAM ghaNuM karIne pATAgamAM lakhAI hatI. vaDodarAnI prata ane jesalameranI prata uparathI jaNAya che ke te jayapuramAM vi. saM. 1949mAM lakhAI hatI. jyAre pATaNanI bIjI prata vi. saM. 1955mAM lakhAI hatI, kAraNa ke prathama patranA kAgaLamAM UdhaI lAgavAthI cheda paDyA hatA ane teno jIrNoddhAra karavAnI jarUra paDI hatI. A rIte vadhu saMbhava evo che ke pATaNanI prathama prata ane vaDodarAnI prata e be jesalameranI prata pATaNanI prathama prata tathA kadAca jesalameranI pratanI paNa sahAya laIne lakhAI hatI. saMpAdana ane muzkelIo vize have vicAra karavo jarUrI che. A graMtha viSe asmAta ja jANakArI maLI hatI. I. sa. 1974nA arasAmAM eka vakhata paMDita mAlavaNIyAjIe A graMtha vize kAma karavA jevuM che ema jaNAvyuM ane pachI umeryuM ke paMDita becaradAsajI dozIe A graMthanI thoDAMka patronI nakala temane batAvI tyAre temAM moM mAthuM jaDatuM nathI' ema kahIne pAchI ApI hatI ane ma. ma. paM. kAzInAtha zAstrI abhaMkare paNa evA ja kAraNe e nakala pAchI Page #141 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 126 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana ApIne kAma karavAno utsAha darzAvyo na hato. A vAta jANIne manamAM evo vicAra Avyo ke A buddhisAgara vyAkaraNa bAbatamAM navesarathI prayatna karavAnuM sAhasa karavAmAM nukasAna nathI. kema ke jo niSphaLa jaNAze to te bAbatamAM khUba vikRta mahApaMDitonuM pIThabaLa raheze ane teo niSphaLa gayA tyAM mArA jevAnI niSphaLatA khAsa koI nindApAtra nahIM gaNAya. paNa bhAgyamge e thoDI paNa saphaLatA pAmaze to temAM yazolAbha ja thavAno ! tethI sAhasa ane AMdhaLukiyuM karIne A kAma hAtha dharyuM ane devadUto jyAM vicaratAM bIe tyAM mUrkhAo dhasI jAya che' evA tAtparyanI aMgrejI kahevatane jANI joIne anusarIne, pUrva koIe A hastapratanI tAjetaramAM nakala karI hovAnI jANakArI na hovAthI, jAte ja navesarathI tenI Adhunika rIte nakala utAravAno AraMbha karyo ane samajaNa paDe ke na paDe paNa utAro karyA karavo evo nizcaya dharyapUrvaka jALavI rAkhyo. Azare pacIsa patrono utAro pUro thavA Avyo tevAmAM pAThamAM AvyuM ke "samAd 2 siMAnuI" A sAthe ja magajamAM ajavALuM thaI gayuM ! kema ke, "saMskRta vyAkaraNa zAstranA itihAsa (bhAga 1, pR. 38) mAM paM. yudhiSThira mImAMsake jaNAveluM ke buddhisAgaranuM liMgAnuzAsana temanI najare paDyuM nathI. have pratIti thaI ke meM eka ANaciMtavyo graMtha khoLI kADhavAnI mahAna zodha karI che ! pachI vAmananA ane durganA liMgAnuzAsanonA abhyAsanI madadathI buddhisAgaranA liMgAnazAsanano aMta pakaDIne pUchavuM hAthamAM AvatAM daramAMthI Akho sApa bahAra kheMcI kADhI zakAya e nyAye teno AraMbha paNa zodhI kADhyo. aMte Azcarya sAthe jANavA maLyuM ke buddhisAgaranuM liMgAnuzAsana e svataMtra graMtha nathI paNa emanA vyAkaraNanA prathama adhyAyanA bIjA pAdanA AraMbhanA padyamAM gUMthI lIdhelA prathama sUtra paranI svapajJavRttino eka bhAga ja che !! A liMgAnuzAsananuM saMpAdana karI paMDita becaradAsajInA smArakagraMthamAM lekharUpe taiyAra karI prasiddha karavA ApIne anya kAryavazAt A kAma para vIseka varSa mATe paDado pADI dIdho !!! pachI dilhImAMnI bhogIlAla laheracaMda insTiTayUTa oNpha inDolojI dvArA A AkhA vyAkaraNanuM saMpAdana karavAnI kAmagIrI soMpavAmAM AvI tyAre 1994 95nA arasAmAM pharIthI kArya AgaLa dhapAvyuM ane jAte ja AkhA graMthano utAro karI lIdho ane badhI ja hastapratonI jherokSa ke phoTokopI meLavI lIdhI. pachI zuddha pATha nizcita karavAnI kAmagIrI AraMbhI tyAre vaLI eka navI Page #142 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ buddhisAgara vyAkaraNa : hastaprato ane saMpAdana 127 muzkelI vikarALa moM phADIne sAme khaDI thaI gaI. AraMbhanA bIjA zloka pachI 175 mAvatuM tuM pratyAhArAt muktvA padyapratijJeti sahetukamAha / acAlitetyAdi zno: ! te pachI hastapratamAM kyAMya paNa mAnita thI zarU thato zloka ja nA hato. tene badale mULa graMthakAre ke jesalamera pratanA lahiyAe, e zlokano mULapATha ApavAne badale tenA uparanI lekhakanI svopallavRtti ja lakhavA mAMDI hatI! A muzkelI cheka paMdaramA padya sudhI cAlatI rahI !! ahIM have tALo maLyo ke paMDita becaradAsajIne moM mAthuM nahotuM jaDatuM tenuM kAraNa A mULa zlokono pATha hastapratamAM Apyo na hato te hatuM !!! have saMpAdananI kharI kAmagIrI karavAnI AvI. mULa zloko lekhake ke lahiyAe bhale na ApyA hoya, paNa temanI svapajJavRtti to ApI ja hatI. tethI saMpAdakanuM e kartavya thaI paDyuM ke e zlokonI svapajJavRttine AdhAre zlokonI puna: racanA (Reconstruction) karavuM, ane e punanirmita pATha laMbacorasa kausomAM mUkIne saMpAdita pAka tarIke Apavo. A rIte lagabhaga prathama adhyAyanA bIjA pAkanA aMta sudhInA graMthapAThanuM saMpAdana, vacce vacce pANininI aSTAdhyAyI, te uparanI kAzikAvRtti, jainendra vyAkaraNa ane zAkaTAyanavyAkaraNa tathA vAmananuM ane durganuM liMgAnuM zAsana e badhA graMthonI sahAya laIne cAlatuM rahyuM. tyArabAda eka bIjI muzkelIno khyAla Avyo. prazna e thayo ke prathama adhyAyanA bIjA pAdanA prathama sUtranI svapajJavRttinA bhAga tarIke 38 paghomAM je liMgAnuzAsana che tenA zlokono sthAnanirdeza karavo paDe to kevI rIte karavI? AnA ukelarUpe vicAra karyo ke AkhA graMthamAM adhyAya ane pAdavAra vibhAjana che. paNa sAthe sAthe Akho mULa graMtha padyamaya che ane e padyonI svapajJavRttimAM paNa padyo che ane e pagho upara pAchI svopajJavRtti che tethI sthAnanirdeza mATe adhyAya, pAda, padya, sUtra ane vRttistha padya ema kamAMkaparaka gAgatarI rAkhavAmAM Ave te jarUrI che. A bhAna thatAM ja mULagraMthanA padyomAM padyabaddha thayelAM sUtrone saLaMga tathA paghavAra tathA sUtravAra kamAMko ApavA. A mATe dareka sUtrathI navo perA pADavo jarUrI jaNAyo ane prathama adhyAyanA bIjA pAda sudhInA saMpAdanamAM Ama karyuM na hovAthI A vizenA sudhArA graMthanI saMpAdita presakopImAM karI nAkhavA. tyAra bAda trIjI muzkelI e AvI ke kavi pUrvasUriomAMthI kayA graMthakAranA Page #143 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 128 hapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana graMthane anusare che ? cheka prathama adhyAyanA cothA pAkanA bIjA pAdano aMta pachI najaramAM AvyuM ke buddhisAgarasUri vAstavamAM zAkaTayana vyAkaraNane lakSamAM rAkhatA jaNAya che ! e pahelAM to pANini, cAndra ane jainendranA vyAkaraNomAM buddhisAgarasUrinAM vyAkaraNasUtronuM sthAna khoLe rAkhyuM kema ke khuda buddhisAgarasUrinA jayeSTha baMdhu tathA jagurubhAI zrI jInezvarasUrie 'pramAlakSya' (sloka 405) nI svapajJavRttimAM Ane lagato spaSTa nirdeza karatAM kahyuM hatuM ke "zrI guNAkArarA: pAniva mainendra vijhAnta TurAmavAya, vRtabandhaiH dhAtusUtragaNoNAdi vRttabandhaiH kRtaM vyAkaraNaM saMskRtazabdaprAkRtazabda siddhayeH..." paNa zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNamAM najara karavA lAgatAM ja keTaluMka sAmya najare caDhavA lAgyuM. temAMnA koIka sUtro kavacita moTe bhAge thoDAka zabdonA pharaka sAthe buddhisAgara vyAkaraNamAM laI lIdhAM che. vaLI jema zAkaTAyane prathama adhyAyanA bIjA pAkanI prathama sUtranI svopallavRttimAM AkhA liMgAnuzAsanane samAvI lIdhuM che, ema buddhisAgarasUrie paNa ema ja karyuM che. A sAmya najare caDatAM ja zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa upara najara rAkhavA mAMDatAM ghaNIvAra bhraSTa pATha sarakho karavAnI dizA paNa hAtha lAgI. Ama A badhI muzkelIo dhIme dhIme mArgamAMthI haTavA lAgI ane graMthapAThanuM zuddha svarUpe pragaTa thavA lAgyuM. sAra : buddhisAgara vyAkaraNane AcArya buddhisAgarasUrinA paMcagraMthI' vyAkaraNa tarIke paNa oLakhavAmAM Ave che. enI racanA I. sa. nI dasamI sadInA aMtamAM ane agiyAramI sadInI pahelI pacIsI daramiyAna thaI hatI. A graMthanI cAra hastaprato maLI Ave che : jesalameranI tADapatrIya prata, vaDodarAnI kAgaLanI prata ane pATaNanI kAgaLanI be prato. A pratonuM vigatavAra varNana tathA tenA saMpAdanamAM naDelI muzkelIo tathA tenA nivAraNanI upAyayojanA aMge A lekhamAM mAhitI ApavAmAM AvI che. Page #144 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 14. bhAratanuM nATyazAstra :pADulipi, "N" . eka samIkSA tapasvI nAndI vaDodarAnI oNrienTala insTiTayUTe bharatanA nATyazAstranI eka Aja sudhI upayogamAM na levAI hoya tevI pADulipi nepALamAMthI prApta karI ane tenuM limaMtara - TrAnsaskripTa - taiyAra karAvyuM che. tenA anusaMdhAnamAM g... sirIjhamAM e saMsthAe prakAzita karelA nATyazAstranAM cAra bhAgonuM puna:samIkSA sAthenuM prakAzana hAtha dharyuM che. temAMno pahelo bhAga De. kriSNamUrtie taiyAra karyuM. jyAre bhAga 2, 3 ane 4nuM kArya DaoN. kulakarNI ane DaoN. tapasvI nAndInA sahasaMpAdanathI cAle che. kArya pUrNa thayuM che ane bhAga-2 najIkamAM ja presamAM jAya tema che. A lekhamAM ApaNe A livyaMtara karelI nepALanI (N) pADulipi khAsa karIne bhAga-2 nA saMdarbhamAM vicArIzuM. bharatanA nATyazAstranI A (N) pADulipi vize pahelAM keTalIka sAmAnya noMdha dhyAna upara laIzuM jema ke, sahu prathama e vigatano nirdeza karIzuM ke (N) pADulipimAM je pAThAntaro vAMcavA maLe che te aghAvadhi upayogamAM levAyela tamAma judI judI pADulipiomAM atratatra jovA maLe che. tAtparya e ke A pADulipi koI eka kuLanI hoya tevuM jaNAtuM nathI. ghaNIvAra to kevaLa eka ja zlokanA pATha judI judI pADulipimAMthI hoya tevuM paNa jovA maLe che. vaLI ema paNa jaNAya che ke nA. zA. nA judA judA adhyAyomAM pADulipi N. A ke te pADulipinI vadhu najIka rahelI che. A vigatanuM tAraNa prastuta saMpAdanamAM je te adhyAyanA saMdarbhamAM levAmAM AvyuM che. vaLI, N. mAM judA judA adhyAyomAM ghaNe sthaLe taddana navA ja pATho paNa vAMcavA maLe che. je te adhyAyomAM zlokonI saMkhyA, zlokonI AnupUrvI, zlokAdhanA pheraphAro vagerenI paNa nodha navA saMpAdanamAM tulanAtmaka dRSTie levAI che. adhyAyonA kramamAM paNa bheda jaNAyo che. 129 Page #145 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 130 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana e vAta jANI laIe ke g. O. s. nI AvRttimAM 37 adhyAyo che, jyAre N. pADulipimAM mAtra 33 adhyAyo darzAvAyA che. joke, g. 7. s. nA tamAma 37 adhyAyonuM nirUpya vastu ke, mAM 33 adhyAyomAM AvarI levAyuM che. A vigata je te saMdarbhamAM saMpAdakoe darzAvI che. navA saMpAdanamAM jyAM taddana navA pATha jovA maLyA che tyAM je te pRSTa upara 14, 15, 28, 26, 2c vagere cihno yojAyAM che. jyAM N' je te pADulipino pATha ja vAMce tyAM je te pADulipinA nirdeza - jema ke, 2, 3, 5, vagerenI sAthe 'N' evuM cihna saMpAdakoe prayojyuM che. ahIM phakta bhAga-2 nI vAta karIe to temAM lagabhaga 3pa7thI adhika taddana svataMtra pATha vAMcavA maLe che. 'N' ane "ra" nI ekarUpatA 135 sthaLoe che. 'N' ane 'na" no meLa 25 sthaLe che, 5 ane 2 nA pATha 15 jagyAe ekanA eka che; N ane Dha 12 sthaLe, N ane na be jagyAe, N ane Ta pAMca jagyAe ekasamAna che. N/8 eka sthaLe, N/pa 18 sthaLe, N/ ta eka sthaLe, N/ 12 sthaLe eka samAna pATha vAMce che. N/ma 14 sthaLe, N/ ga eka sthaLe, N/na, tathA N/ eka eka sthaLe eka ja pATha vAMce che. N/ra che sthaLe, N/ya 13 sthaLe samAna pATha vAMce che. N/s vacce 104 sthaLe eka ja pATha che. Ano artha e nathI ke bIjAM volyumomAM A sAma A rItanuM ja che. te je te adhyAyo ane je te volyumamAM potAnI rIte goThavAyeluM che. have bhAga-2g.o.. adhyAya 8 thI 18nA saMdarbhane thoDA vistArathI joIzuM. zloka/zlokArdhanA saMkhyAkramamAM to bheda che ja, pAThabhedo ane adhyAyabhedo paNa jovA maLe che. mULa nepALI 'N' pADulipinuM pRSTha 63 anupalabdha che tevI limaMtarakAre noMdha ApI che. paNa teNe te pachInA pRSThanI zloka saMkhyA yathAvat ja AgaLa calAvI che tethI zloka 108 (g. O. s. hAlanI AvRtti) te zloka 106 N. che, paNa vaccenuM pAnuM na hovA chatAM zloka 134 g. O. s. ne lahiyAe zloka 107 N. tarIke Apyo che. te rIte zloka 36 (cd) g. O. s. te : zloka 02 cd (N) che paNa zloka (=V) 138 ab. (g 0.s) te 'N' mAM viMcAto ja nathI ane y 28 cd (g 0.s) : V. 111 ab (N.) banI jAya che. AvI tAravaNI dareka adhyAyamAM saMpAdakoe karI che. u. va. 3. adhyAya VIII mAM 177 zloko che, jyAre che. mAM 140 zloko ja vAMcavA maLe che. vaLI N' lippataramAM abhinavabhAratI vAMcavA maLatI nathI. e vAta nodhI zakAya ke samagra 'N'nA nA. zA. adhyAyonA saMpAdananuM kAma DaoN. nAndIe pAra utAryuM che tathA Page #146 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ bhAratanuM nATayazAstra: pADulipi, "N" - eka samIkSA 131 tenA uparanI samagra abhinavabhAratIno bhAra DaoN. kulakarNIe vahyo che. alabatta DaoN. nAndInA kAryanI samIkSA paNa pU. DaoN. kulakarNIe karI ja che. adhyAya 8nI puSpikA N.mAM A pramANe vAMcavA maLe che : ti mAratIye nATyarAye upArjana nAmASTamodhyAyaH I g. O. s. AvRttimAM nIce pramANe vaMcAya che :- ti mAratI nATyazAstre uttamAGgAbhinayo nAmASTamo'dhyAyaH / navamAM adhyAyamAM paNa 'N' mAM abhinavabhAratI (a.bhA.) nathI. 'N'. mAM phakta 183 zloko che jyAre prakAzita g. O. s. AvRttimAM 283 zloko che. 'N'. mAM navamA adhyAyanI puSpikA A pramANe che : rUti mArato nAyara svAdhyAya namaH | jyAre g. O. s. mAM - ti zrI mArI nadiyarA kAmano nAma navamodhyAyaH evuM vaMcAya che. . . 7. nA adhyAya 9 nA zloka 223 thI 283ne 'N'. "rAmodhyAH " rUpe vAMce che, paNa temAM kula 46 zloko ja che. 'N'. dasamA adhyAyanI pupikA A rIte che :- ti mAratI nATyarA apratyakSa 7 nAmodhyAyo rAma: I g. 0. 3.nA jUnA saMpAdako (pR. 82, ejana) evI nodha kare che ke - "" saMve rAmodhyAH arthAta "ra" nAmanI pADulipimAM ahIM 10mo adhyAya kahevAyo che. "N'. mAM paNa tevuM ja che. A rIte mULa g. O. s. adhyAya 9, pR. 223 - 283 = N. adhyAya 10, 5.1 - 46. g. O. s. adhyAya 10 te N. adhyAya 11 che - temAM paNa a. bhA. vaMcAtI nathI. g. O. s. adhyAya 10mAM 104 (ab) zloko che jyAre N. adhyAya 11 mAM 84 (ab) zloko che. N. adhyAya 11 nI puSpikA - "vAra vidhAna nAme sdhyAya:" evuM vAMce che jyAre g. O. s. adhyAya 10 nI puSpikA - ra maratI nAyarA vAra vidhAno nAma rAmodhyAyaH"! evuM vAMce che. g. O. s. adhyAya 11 te N. adhyAya 12 che. 'N' pADulipinA livyaMtaranA pR. 41 upara evI nodha che ke, (N. pADulipimAM) "82 pRSTha nahIM ?' A rIte N. no adhyAya 12 ekadama acAnaka ja pUro thaI jAya che te zloka 61 ab. AgaLa je g. O. s. no zloka 67ab che. temAM puSpikA vAMcavAno prazna paNa raheto nathI. g. 0. s. adhyAya 12 te ja. adhyAya 13 che. zloka saMkhyA kama bahu judAM che. likhaMtaranA pR. 48 upara nodha che ke, "87 ] pRSTha pAna nA savAtA' mULa nepAlI pADulipinuM e pAnuM khUba nukasAnavALuM haze athavA a-vAgya haze. limaMtarakAra mULa N. pramANe nahIM paNa potAnI rIte ja kamamAM Page #147 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 132 hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana - zlokasaMkhyA Ape che. ApaNe tulanAmAM livyaMtarakAra pramANe ja nirdeza karyo che. g. o. s.nA adhyAya 12nA zloka 229 thI 234 'N' mAM jaNAtA nathI. pR. 174 upara g. o. s. nA je te saMpAdakoe pA. TI. naM 3 mAM nodhyuM che ke, "zlokAH SaT AkuJcitAdilakSaNaviniyoganirUpakAH ka va-1-5- 2- T mAtRAsu na vartatte / ApaNI '' pANDalapimAM paNa te nathI. zloka 235 ane 236 (g.0.s.), N. mAM cAra lITInA eka ja zloka - naM. 166 rUpe vaMcAya che. g. o. s. nA adhyAyanI puSpikA jaNAve che ke ' iti bhAratIye nATayazAstre gatiprajJAo nAmaDhAvazodhyAyaH / te rIte N. adhyAya 13nI puSpikAmAM "tipracAronAmAdhdhAvastrayo :'' vaMcAya che. vaLI rR. 175 (g. o. s.) pA. TI. 4nI noMdha che ke, jA di bAnteSvAdarzeSu trayodazo'dhyAyaH / ApaNI 'N'. pAlipimAM paNa A 13mo adhyAya che ane te A adhyAyamAM 'T' mAtRkAnI vadhu najIka jaNAya che. vaLI g. o. s. AvRttinA pR. 176mAM mathALe nodha che ke "ma ma mAtRA minna pAmo dANo'dhyAyaH gatipracAra:'' tene 248 zloko che. AvI noMdha 'N'mAM nathI. N. nI puSpikA to upara noMdhyuM tema phakta atiprakAro nAmAdhdhAvastraporA:'' eTaluM ja vAMce che. " 6. - - g. o. s. adhyAya 13 te N. no adhyAya 14 che. g. 0. s. nA je te saMpAdakoe pR. 196nI pA. TI. mAM noMdhyuM che ke, '-la-6-ma-ma' saMzeSu vinA sarveSvAnaronu caturvazodhyAyaH rUti vartate 1 N. mAM paNa tema ja che. g. o. s adhyAya 13mAM 87 zloko che. jyAre adhyAya 14 mAM 73 zloko che. N. nI A adhyAyanI puSpikA A pramANe che : kRti mArIkhe nATavAghezyAdhimAM aMjJo nAmAdhyAyaturvazaH / g. o. s. nI puSpikA pramANe rUti mAratIye nATavazAstra zyApravRttidharmAMtryano nAma vozodhyAyaH / che. ApaNe have e noMdhatA nathI ke "N" nA livyaMtaranA ekeya adhyAyamAM 6.mA. vaMcAtI nathI. g. 0. s. pR. 219nI pA. TI. mAM noMdhe che ke, -la-ga-dha-ca-ma meSu vinA sarvejI tuvaMzo adhyAya:| 'T'mAtRAmAM josarA 73. Avita: 2213. ApaNI 'N' pADulipi ahIM paNa zloka saMkhyAnI dRSTie 'T' nI najIka che. g: 0. s. adhyAya 14 te N. adhyAya 15 che. g. o. s. mAM 134 (ab) zloko che, jyAre N. mAM 113 zloko che. N. adhyAya 15nI puSpikA A pramANe che : vAciAminaye inTrovidhAna nAmAdhyAya; pazrcA: / '' g. o. s. adhyAya 14 nI puSpikA che iti bhAratIye nATayazAstre vAcikAbhinaye chandovidhAnaM - Page #148 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ bhAratanuM nATayazAsa : pADulipi, "N" - eka samIkSA 133 nAma caturdazo'dhyAyaH / g. O. s. adhyAya 15 te N. adhyAya 16 che. N. adhyAya 16nA livyaMtarakAre tenA 80me pAne nodhyuM che ke, 207 va pRSTha paDhA nahIM nA sa" zakaya che ke te khUba jarjarita hoya. g. O. s. nA zloka 151 thI 175 "N'. mAM vAMcavA maLatA nathI, paNa likhaMtarakAre to saLaMga saMkhyAkrama ja Apyo che. A adhyAyamAM g. O. s. AvRttimAM 227 zloko che. jyAre N' pADulipimAM 135 zloko ja che. N. nI pupikA A pramANe che : ti mAratI nArI kavidhinama DarAH | g. O. s. adhyAya 15nI pupikA pramANe - ti mAratI nATayazAstre chandovidhiti mAdhyAyaH paJcadazaH / g. O. s. adhyAya 16 te "N' adhyAya 17 che. A adhyAya alaMkArazAstranI daSTie mahattvano che, kema ke temAM guNa, doSa, lakSaNa tathA alaMkAranI carcA che. 'N' mAM lakSaNo mULa g. O. s. nA anuva" (Supplement) pramANe vAMcavA maLe che, je 9 O. s. pR. 348-364 upara che. A banne vaccenA zlokonuM sAmya lagabhaga ekarUpa ja che. je pheraphAra kyAreka paNa jovA maLe che temAM 'N' no pATha '' mAtRkA jevo bahudhA vaMcAya che. vaLI ghaNe sthaLe g. O. s. mAM [ ] kausamAM sUcavAyelA tathA hemacandra jene Teko Ape che, evA pATho 'N' vAMce che evuM paNa jovA maLe che. "N' mAM koI anubandha nathI. tenI puSpikAmAM - ti mArI navA vAmana baitra: satavaNA: ema vaMcAya che, jyAre g. O. s. mAM - "ti mAratI nATakarAze vAmana phAvyanALo nAma thoDodhyApaka evuM vaMcAya che. g. O. s. adhyAya 17 te N. no adhyAya 18 che. 9. O. s/17 mAM 150 zloko che. jyAre N./18 mAM 135 zloko che. 9. O. s./17 nI puSpikA - iti bhAratIye nATayazAstre vAgabhinaye kAkusvaravyaJjano nAma saptadazo'dhyAyaH | N. adhyAya 18nI pupikA che ti vAmana svapno nAma SdhyAyoDA g. O. s. adhyAya 18 te N. adhyAya 19 che. g. O. s. mAM 127 (ab) zloko che. N. 19 mAM 124 zloko che. paNa N. nI puSpikA - "ti tarIkSAnAmadhyAyaH nirvira:' vAMce che jyAre tu, 0. s. 18mAM "ti mAratI nAyarAdhe rAniri nAmAvaDara: samatada" ema vaMcAya che. g. O. s. zloka 125 (cd), V. 126 (ab) = N. 110 zloka che. V. 110 (N) nA va. caraNamAM "miti vakti Page #149 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 134 hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana tattvajJA:' ema vaMcAya che. A pachI g. o. s. mAM V. 126 cd. 127 ab A rIte vaMcAya che : " iti dazarUpavidhAnaM sarvaM proktaM mayA hi lakSaNataH / punarasya zarIragataM sandhividhau lakSaNaM vakSye ||" Ane N./19 zloka 124mAM vAMcavA maLe che paNa N. 124 cd - pramANe, "punaramya rarIrasaMdhividhinazaLa vakSe''' evuM vaMcAya che. vaLI N. mAM 'gaNDa' nI vAta karatA zloka 110 mAM noMdha A pramANe che : "anyo'nye'pi lAsyavidhAnagAnAni tu nATakopayogIni asmAdvini: sRtAni tu bhANa vAtra prayoggAni '' A pachI N. 111 - 123 zloko vAMce che. jemAM lAsyAMgonI vAta che. - g. o. s. nA je te saMpAdako (A. 34) pR. 459 upara pA. TI. 1 mAM nodhe che ke - ta: pUrva nAmvAkAMkSaLa tu ca Da - ma mAtRkAsu vinA sarvAsvasminnadhyAye varte / vRtti-Arekha nAvAjJAnika sadhyAye (22) pavitAni, ma mAtRkAyAM varjitAnyeva / g. o. s. bhAga 3 pR. 66-79 zloka 119 thI 138 mAM A lAsyAMgo apAyAM che. tyAM saMpAdako (54 A.) noMdhe che (pR. 66) hrAsyA lakSan ma - mAtRkAyAM na dRzyate, ca- pa- ma mAtRkAsu vinA sarvAsvanyAsvaSTAdazAdhyAya eva paThitam, lakSaNapATho'pi bhinna- mAtRkAsu bahubhedatayA vidyate / bhojarAja - zAradA tanayAdibhirapi tallakSaNe mAtra yA bhinnaM matamupanyastam / N. zloka 124 te g. o. s. adhyAya 18 zloka 126 0d, 127 ab rUpe vaMcAya che. te A pramANe - 'punaHstha zarIra sandhividhi akSaLa vadhye'' 1 A rIte nA. zA. nI navI prApta thayelI N' pADulipinI vizeSatAono ApaNe Acho paricaya keLavyo. Page #150 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 15. jainadharmano amUlya vAraso : sacitra hastaprato DaoN. rA. ThA. sAvaliyA gujarAtano kalA ane saMskRtino vAraso bhavya che. enI vidyA-pravRttinA ghaDataramAM prAcIna hastalikhita sacitra hastapratonuM pradAna bahumUlya che. tADapatra, kApaDa ane kAgaLa para lakhAyelA vividha viSayone lagatA hastalikhita ane sacitra graMthone graMtha bhaMDAromAM jALavavAmAM Ave che. saurASTranuM valabhI I.sa. pamI sadImAM vidyAdhAma tarIke samagra bhAratamAM prakhyAta hatuM. AcArya devardhigaNi kSamAzramaNanI dekharekha heThaLa tamAma jaina Agama graMtho pustakarUpe valabhImAM lakhavAmAM AvyA. A bAbata bhAratIya vidyA-pravRttinA itihAsamAM noMdhapAtra che. caulukya vaMzanA be gurjara rAjAo siddharAja jayasiMha ane kumArapALanA samayamAM gujarAtanI sAhitya pravRttino madhyAhnakALa zarU thayo. siddharAje aneka graMthAlayo sthApI 'siddhahemavyAkaraNa'nI seMkaDo prato lakhAvI. kumArapALe paNa ekavIsa jeTalA jJAna bhaMDAro sthApyA hatA. maMtrI vastupAle pATaNa, bharUca ane khaMbhAta ema traNa graMtha bhaMDAro sthApyAnI vigato maLe che. uparokta jJAna bhaMDAromAMnI eka mAtra tADapatra para lakhAyela udayaprabhasUrie racelI 'dharmAbhyudaya' kAvyanI hastaprata hAla upalabdha che. AvA hastalikhita graMtha bhaMDAro rAkhavAnI prathA jaina samAjamAM vizeSa jovA maLe che. A graMtha bhaMDAromAM jainadharmane lagatA graMtho uparAMta kAvya, koza, chaMda, alaMkAra, jyotiSa, nATaka, zilpa, darzanazAstra vagere viSayaka samagra sAhityanA graMthono samAveza thato. gujarAtanA hastalikhita graMtha bhaMDAromAM pATaNa, khaMbhAta ane amadAvAdanA bhaMDAro vadhu khyAti pAmelA che. uparAMta vaDodarA, chANI, pAlanapura, kheDA, pAdarA, bharUca, surata, bhAvanagara, ghoghA, pAlitANA, lIMbaDI, jAmanagara, vaDhavANa kempa, mAMgaroLa vagere sthaLoe aneka nAnA moTA graMtha bhaMDAro AvelA che. 135 Page #151 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 136 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana gujarAtanA hastaprata bhaMDAromAM prAcIna samayathI pATaNa vidvAno ane saMzodhako mATe eka tIrthasthAnarUpa banyuM che. ahIM bhaMDAronI saMkhyA 20 jeTalI hatI, paraMtu A bhaMDAro kAyama mATe jaLavAI rahe e hetuthI 1939mAM "zrI hemacaMdrAcArya jJAnamaMdira' banAvAyuM. jyAM Azare 20 hajAra jeTalI hastaprato saMgrahAyelI che. A saMgrahamAM tADapatra para gujarAtI bhASAmAM lakhAyela zvetAMbara jaina saMpradAyanA graMtha 'nizIthacUNi' nI I.sa. 12mI sadInI sacitra hastaprata che. emAM eka patra upara vartuLAkAramAM hAthI savAranuM dazya tathA mAladhArI strIonA citro che je apsarAo jaNAya che. ahIM kalpasUtra' nI suvarNa akSaromAM lakhAyela sacitra prata che. jenA dareka patra para alaga alaga citro che. eka patramAM kalikAlasarvajJa zrI hemacaMdrAcArya kumArapALane upadeza ApI rahelA najare paDe che. emAM lakSmIdevInuM citra paNa che. prathama tIrthakara AdIzvara bhagavAnanuM suMdara citraNa che. A pratamAM jaina sAdhvIo ane zrAvikAonAM citro AlekhAyelAM che. A prata vi.sa. 1504 (I. sa. 1447-48)mAM lakhAyelI che. A ja samayanI bIjI kalpasUtranI hastapratamAM jaina paraMparAmAM vatte oche aMze pUjAtA brahmazAMti yakSa ane lakSmIdevInAM AkarSaka citro che. - "RSabhadevacarita' 13mI sadInI hastapratamAM RSabhadeva ane jaina yakSiNI cakezvarInAM citro aneruM AkarSaNa UbhuM kare che. 'triSaSTizalAkApuruSacarita'nI pratanA chellA traNa patro upara hemacaMdrasUri, rAjA kumArapALa ane zrAvikA zrIdevInAM manorama citro AlekhAyAM che. 'kathAratnasAgara' nI hastaprata 13mI sadInI che. jemAM pArzvanAtha ane zrAvaka-zrAvikAonAM suMdara citro dorelAM che. kenvAsa para cItarela "mahendrasUri svAgata paTTa' mAM prathama trizalA mAtAne AvelAM cauda svapnonuM Alekhana che. tyArapachI gAmanuM dazya, rAjAno darabAra, bajAra, topakhAnuM, hAthIkhAnuM vagerenuM AbehUba citrANa kareluM che. ahIM jaLavAyela eka hastapratamAMnA cAra citromAM hemacaMdrAcAryane vyAkaraNano graMtha lakhavA mATe vinaMtI karato rAjA siddharAja, vyAkaraNagraMthane aMbADI para mUkIne pharatI yAtrA, pArzvanAthanuM maMdira ane vyAkaraNa graMthanI nakala meLavavA AnaMdaprabha upAdhyAyane vinaMtI karatAM karmaNa maitrI vagere prasaMgonAM AbehUba citro dorelAM che. Page #152 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ jainadharmano amUlya vAraso : sacitra hastaprato 137 kApaDanA paTTa' para 14mI sadImAM lakhAyela dharmavidhiprakaraNamAM sarasvatInuM suMdara citra che. 15mI sadImAM racAyela paMcatIthI paTTa' cAMpAneramAM taiyAra thayo che. jemAM sAta citro che. maMdiranA garbhagRhamAM sarpachatra dhAraNa karela pArzvanAthajI, giranAra parvatanuM dazya, sameta zikhara ane pAvAgaDha uparanA mahAvIrasvAmI maMdiranAM citronuM manohara Alekhana che. A paTTa saMghavI pADAnA bhaMDAramAM AvelI che. khaMbhAtamAM hAla mukhya cAra hastaprata bhaMDAro che. pAyacaMdagacchano bhaMDAra, jJAnavimalasUrino bhaMDAra, nemisUrino bhaMDAra ane zAMtinAthano bhaMDAra. AmAM zAMtinAtha bhaMDAra samagra gujarAtamAM sahuthI samRddha ane mUlyavAna bhaMDAromAMno eka che. ahIM I. sa. 12mI thI 14mI sadI daramyAna saMskRtamAM lakhAyela prAcIna ane durlabha tADapatrIya hastaprato che. gujarAtanI graMthastha laghucitrakalAnA sahuthI prAcIna namUnA A bhaMDAranI tADapatrIya sacitra hastapratomAMthI maLe che. dazavaikAlikasUtranI laghuvRtti' hastapratanA chellA patra paranA citramAM Asana para birAjamAna AcArya hemacaMdrAcArya jamaNA hAthamAM tADapatra dhAraNa karI potAnA ziSya mahendrasUrine pATha ApatA jaNAya che. mahendrasUrinI pAchaLa be hAtha joDIne Ubhela dADhIvALA gRhasthanI AkRti rAjA kumArapALanI che. A citra AcArya hemacaMdra ane rAjA kumArapALanA jIvanakALa daramyAna dorAyeluM che. A prata 12mA saikAnI che. zAMtinAtha bhaMDAramAM saMgRhIta neminAtha carita'nI 13mI sadInI pratamAM jaina tIrthaMkara neminAtha, aMbikAdevI ane aMjalimudrAmAM zrAvaka-zrAvikAnAM citro dorAyelAM che. 12mI sadInI eka anya sacitra pratamAM be citro che, jemAMnA eka citramAM padmAsana para beThelA mahAvIra svAmI ane bIjA citramAM tribhaMga avasthAmAM Ubhela caturbhuja sarasvatInuM suMdara citraNa thayeluM che. amadAvAdamAM vizAnA pADAnA bhaMDAramAM 'zrIpAlarAsa" nI I.sa. 1829mAM taiyAra thayela eka citrita hastaprata che. emAM vepAra mATe surata AvatAM vahANonAM citrAMkano AbehUba che. keTalAMka citromAM vRkSo vanarAjionAM dazyo aMkita karelAM che. keTalAMka citromAM gIta-saMgIta ane nRtyonuM Alekhana kareluM che. puruSonA hAthamAM vINAnuM citraNa noMdhapAtra che. devazAnA pADAnAM dayAvimalajI bhaMDAramAM 'kalpasUtra' nI 15mI sadInI sacitra hastaprata che. suvarNa akSaromAM lakhAyelI A pratamAM rAga-rAgiNIo Page #153 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 13. hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya : saMzodharma ane saMpAdana jevAM saMgItazAstranAM tathA AkAzacArI, pAdacArI ane bhaumacArI jevAM bhAratanATyazAstranAM rUponuM citraNa kareluM che. amadAvAdanA DahelAnAM upAzrayamAM 'zrIpAlarAsa" nI hastaprata (I. sa. 1821-22)nAM citra uttara gujarAtanI viziSTa grAmINa zailImAM AlekhAyAM che. puruSa pAtronAM pAghaDI, lAMbI bAyanAM aMgarakhA, paTAdAra dhotiyAM ane khesanuM Alekhana AkarSaka che. strIpAtro gherA vAdaLI raMganI oDhaNI ane lAla raMgano caNiyo dhAraNa karela darzAvAyAM che. citromAM pazu-pakSI ane vanarAjInuM Alekhana manohara che. A bhaMDAramAM 19mI sadInI eka citrita jaina jJAnacopATa' jaLavAyelI che. hiMdu ane jaina paraMparAmAM sAdhuo ane saMsArIo mATe je jJAnacopATa taiyAra karAtI, jemAM citronuM Alekhana karavAmAM AvatuM, emAM devalokanuM, sarponI sIDIonuM, navagrahonuM tema ja jIvayonionuM Alekhana karAtuM. judI judI jIvayonio, vividha prakAranA devaloka, svarga ane naraka tema ja mokSano khyAla ApatI jJAnacopATa hiMdu paraMparAmAM paNa taiyAra karAvavAmAM AvatI, jemAM 84 koThAonuM Alekhana karAtuM. A 84 koThAo 84 lAkha yonionuM pratIka manAtA. ujamaphaInI dharmazALAnA graMtha bhaMDAramAM 14mI sadInI eka hastapratamAM mahAvIrasvAmInuM avana, janmanirmANa, samavasaraNa vagere prasaMgonAM citro che. hAjA paTelanI poLamAM "saMgrahaNIsUtra' (I. sa. 1854-55) nI eka citrita hastapratanI nakala jaLavAyelI che. emAM cakravartInAM 14 ratno, meruparvata ane dvIponuM Alekhana kareluM che. amadAvAdanAM bho. je. vidyAbhavananAM myujhiyamamAM veda-vedAMga, itihAsa, purANa, bauddha ane jaina sAhitya, bhakti vagere vividha viSayone lagatI hastaprato sacavAyelI che. jemAM kalpasUtra, madhumAlatI kathA jevI manohara citrovALI prato che. jenasUrio ane sAdhuone tema ja saMghane yAtrA daramyAna AmaMtraNa ApatuM eka vikipatra (18mI sadI) saMgrahAyeluM che. emAMnI keTalIka hastaprato suMdara velabuTTAnI AkRtiothI zaNagArAyelI, koIka sonerI zAhIthI lakhelI, lAla, kALI zAhInA lakhANavALI che. lA. da. vidyAmaMdiramAM muni zrI puNyavijayajI mahArAja taraphathI bheTa maLela hastalikhita graMthono saMgraha che. ahIM 500thI vadhu jeTalI sacitra hastaprato che. jemAM 18mI sadInI "kalpasUtra' nI eka hastapratamAM gajasavArInuM dazya Page #154 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ * jainadharmano amUlya vAraso : sacitra hastaprato 139 najare paDe che. kAgaLanI keTalIka hastapratomAM bhagavAna tIrthakaronA jIvanaprasaMgo AlekhAyelAM che. A ja saMsthAmAM Avela myujhiyamamAM thoDIka sacitra hastaprato saMgrahAyelI che. jemAM kalpasUtra' nI I.sa. 1430nI pratamAM kAlakAcAryanI kathAnAM dazyamAM kAlaka ane sAhane vArtAlApa karatA darzAvyA che. bIjA patramAM rAjAne dAna Apato batAvyo che. jenuM lakhANa suvarNAkSaramAM ane pArzvabhUmimAM vAdaLI raMganuM Alekhana che. vratAcAryakathA' nI hastaprata (I. sa. 1468)mAM zatrujya mAhAbhyanuM dazya AkarSaka che. uttarAdhyAyanasUtra'mAMnA eka dazyamAM muni zrI zrAvakane ghare vahoravA mATe gayelA enuM citraNa suMdara rIte kareluM che. "mAdhavAnala kAmakandalA'nI pratamAM vikramAditya- kAmasenanA yuddhanuM dazya kaMDAreluM che. "caMdraprabhacarita'mAM caMdraprabhasvAmInA samavasaraNanuM dazya doreluM che. I. sa. 1583mAM lakhAyelI saMgrahaNIsUtra' nI hastapratamAM indrasabhAmAM nAca-gAnanuM dazya citrakAra goviMda dvArA cItaravAmAM Avela che. ahIM siddhacakrapaTTanA keTalAka namUnAo jaLavAyA che. jemAM navapadane eka yaMtra svarUpe goThavela che. cAra pagathiyAM jJAna, darzana (zraddhA), cAritra ane tapamAMthI cAra siddhio upAdhyAya, sAdhu, AcArya ane siddha, Ama ATha vastu prApta thatAM arihaMta' eTale ke mokSa padanI prApti thAya che. ahIM saMgrahAyela vijJaptipatramAM prathama maMgala cihno tathA aTabaMgalanuM citra hoya che. tyArabAda cauda svapnanAM citra, rAjyasabhAnuM citra, nagaranuM Alekhana, sAdhu mahArAjanA vyAkhyAnanuM citrAMkana che. A prakAranAM nimaMtrANo kAgaLa ane kApaDa para citrAMkita karI, vigato lakhIne enA upara saMghanA sabhyonA hastAkSara levAtA. mahArAjA sayAjIrAva gAyakavADanA samayamAM vaDodarA rAjyamAM hastalikhita graMthonI jALavaNI pratye UMDo rasa lIdhelo ane AvA graMthonA saMzodhana mATe vibhAga zarU karela, je Aje prAcya vidyAmaMdira tarIke oLakhAya che. jemAM dareka prakAranAM hastalikhita graMthono amUlya khajAno jaLavAyo che. I. sa. 1694mAM racAyelI "mAnatuMga mAnavatI jaina rAsa' nAmanI sacitra hastapratanAM prathama citramAM rAjAnI savArInuM dazya che. hAthI para birAjamAna rAjA, pAchaLa maMtrIo ghoDA para beThela che ane AgaLanA bhAge DhAla-bhAlAM laIne cAlatA sainiko joI zakAya che. anya be citromAM rAjA-maMtrIo sAthe maMtraNA karatA jaNAya che. Page #155 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 140 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana vaDodarAnA haMsavijayajI saMgrahamAM kalpasUtranI 15mI sadInI hastaprata surakSita che. jenuM lakhANa sonerI zAhIthI lakheluM che. A hastapratamAM ATha citro ane 74 apratima kArIgarIvALI suMdara kinAro che. vaDodarA pAsenA chANI gAmamAM traNa jeTalA hastaprata-saMgraho che. ahIMnA vIravijayajI saMgrahamAM "oghaniryukti' graMthanI I.sa. 1161nI prata che. jemAM 16 vidyAdevIo, sarasvatI, lakSmI, aMbikA ane brahmazAMtiyA maLI kula 21 citro jaina mUrtividhAnanI daSTie mahattvanA che. IDaranA zeTha ANaMdajI maMgaLajInI peDhInA hastapratasaMgrahamAM kalpasUtra ane kAlakakathAnI 14mI-15mI sadInI sacitra prata che. tADapatranI prata upara sonAnI zAhIthI citro dorelAM che. kalpasUtra'nA vadhumAM vadhu prasaMgo A pratamAM sthAna pAmyA che. jemAM aSTamAMgalika, mahAvIrano janma, pArzvanAthano janma, nirvANa, emanA yakSa pakSI, RSabhadevanuM nirvANa vagere citro khUba AkarSaka ane manohara rIte AlekhAyAM che. lIMbaDIne jaina jJAnabhaMDAramAM I.sa. 1415-16mAM racAyelI kalpasUtranI sacitra suvarNAkSarI hastaprata che. jAmanagaramAM kalpasUtra-kAlakakathA (I.sa. 1501)nI sacitra hastaprata che. kobA (gAMdhInagara)mAM mahAvIra jaina ArAdhanA kendramAM muni zrI kailAsasAgarasUri jJAnamaMdiramAM hajAro hastaprata jaLavAyelI che. 'praznavyAkaraNasUtra pATha' nAmanI hastaprata saMskRta, prAkRta ane hindI bhASAmAM saM 1755mAM lakhAyelI, jemAM 22 citro che. "AnaMdaghana covIsI'nI hastapratamAM covIsa tIrthakaronAM stavanonI racanA karelI che, jemAM kula 14 citro che. A prata 17mA saikAmAM lakhAyelI che. amadAvAdanA sArAbhAI navAbanA saMgrahamAM 'sUrimaMtrapaTa'nuM 14mI sadI jeTaluM prAcIna citra jaLavAyuM che. emAM pUrNa vikasita padma para beThela mahAvIrasvAmInA prathama ziSya gautamasvAmInuM citra najare paDe che. ahIMnA saMgrahamAM RSabhadevanA samavasaraNano 15mI sadInA madhyano eka paTTa ane jaMbu dviIpano 16mI sadIno paTTa saMgrahAyelo che. hastapratonI jALavaNI mATe vaparAtI pATalIo upara laghucitro daSTigocara thAya che. muni puNyavijyajI saMgrahamAMnI eka pATalI para mahAvIrasvAmInA 27 bhavo paikI keTalAka bhavonuM citrAMkana kareluM najare paDe che. Page #156 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ jainadharmano amUlya vAraso : sacitra hastaprato jaina dharmanI sacitra hastapratomAMthI sAmAjika, dhArmika itihAsa, prAcIna gAmonA sthAnika itihAsa tema ja prAcIna-madhyakAlIna gujarAtanI saMskAra ane sAhitya pravRttio vize upayogI mAhitI maLe che. A jaina sacitra hastapratamAMnA citro madhyakAlIna pazcimabhAratanI citrazailInA uttama namUnA pUrA pADe che. A zailInAM citro laghucitro svarUpe maLe che. A laghucitronI zailInA namUnA khAsa karIne jaina ke jainAzrita lakhAyelA graMthonA laghucitronA rUpamAM dorAyelAM che. citronI A zailIne gujarAtanI zailI ke mAru-gurjarazailI paNa kahe che. Ama gujarAtanA A hastaprata-saMgraho bhAratIya saMskRtinA bhavya vArasA samAna che. e vartamAnayuganA ane bhAvi peDhInA vidyAnA upAsakone mATe mahAmUlI mUDI che. A amUlya hastapratonI jALavaNI khUba ja kALajI mAgI le che. AvA prAcIna graMthone yathAvat rAkhavA mATe khAsa vaijJAnika paddhatio dvArA jaMturahita ane sApha rAkhavAnI prakriyA niyamita rIte thavI joIe. gujarAtanA tamAma hastaprata saMgrahomAM rakhAyela prAcIna hastapratonI vaijJAnika paddhatithI jALavaNI ane sAcavaNI thAya to ja AvanArAM varSomAM navI peDhI ApaNA kalA ane sAMskRtika vArasAne sAcavI zakaze, samajI zakaze. AvA hastalikhita graMtho ane citro varSo pahelAM nAjUka padArtho para lakhAyelAM hovAthI, teno vAraMvAra upayoga karavAthI ene nukasAna thavA saMbhava che. A nukasAna nivAravA vaijJAnika daSTie sahelI evI kompyUTaranI madada levI joIe. A sAdhananI madadathI taiyAra thatI enI pratikRtio abhyAsIo ane saMzodhakone sahelAIthI upalabdha karAvI zakAya che. jemane A bhaMDAromAM sacavAyelI jJAnasaMpattinI paribhASA, lipi tathA anya saMketonuM jJAna che tene mATe A jJAna bhaMDAro divya khajAnArUpa che. saMdarbhagraMtho 1. '. 3. 4. sAMDesarA bhogIlAla, 'itihAsanI keDI', 1945, vaDodarA. -'itihAsa ane sAhitya', 1966, amadAvAda. 141 navAba sArAbhAI (saMpA.prakA.), 'jaina citrakalpadruma', 1935, amadAvAda. gujarAtano rAjakIya ane sAMskRtika itihAsa, graMtha 7, 1981 ane graMtha 8, 1884, amadAvAda. Shah U. P, Treasures of Jaina Bhandaras', 1978, Ahmedabad. Page #157 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 16. hastapratanuM sAMskRtika - zaikSaNika mUlya ane keTalIka hastaprata-pAThabheda carcA : 'guNaratnAkarachaMda'nA saMdarbhamAM DaoN. kAntibhAI bI. zAha AjathI lagabhaga 500 varSa agAu racAyelI, paNa hajI sudhI apragaTa rahI gayelI, jaina sAdhukava sahajasuMdaranI sthUlibhadra-kozAnA viSayavastuvALI 419 kaDInI eka dIrgha chaMdasvarUpI pagharacanA 'guNaratnAkarachaMda' nA saMzodhana-saMpAdananuM kAma hAtha lIdhuM tyAre e samaja AvatI gaI ke hastaprata sAthenI nisabata saMzodhananI svAdhyAyanI kevI navInavI keDIo kholI Ape che, ApaNI ajJatAnA aMdhakAra upara navo prakAza pAtharI Ape che ne e rIte hastaprata svayaM enuM sAMskRtika-zaikSaNika mUlya vadhArI de che. A saMdarbhe keTalIka vAta karIne te pachI kRtinI mukhya prata-pasaMdagI ane kRtinI vividha hastapratonA keTalAka pAThabhedo aMge carcA karavAno upakrama che. 1. kavi sahajasuMdare nAnImoTI thaIne 25 jeTalI kRtionuM sarjana karyuM che. kavinuM A sAhityasarjana thayuM 16mI sadImAM, paNa emanI traNa nAnI sajhAyo jevI laghukRtione bAda karatAM cheka 1984 sudhI A kavinuM kAMI ja sAhitya pragaTa thayuM nahotuM. cheka 1984-85mAM DaoN. niraMjanA vorAe A kavinI be rAsakRtio 'pradezI rAjAno rAsa' ane 'sUDA sAhelI rAsa' anukrame 'bhASAvimarza'nA julAI-sapTe.'84nA aMkamAM ane okaTo-Dise.'85nA aMkamAM saMpAdita karI pragaTa karyA. te pachI 1989mAM e be tathA anya keTalIka A ja kavinI rAsakRtio, stavana, sajhAya, gIta Adi kRtio 'kavi sahajasuMdaranI rAsakRtio' e nAme graMthastha karI, paNa A kavinI sarvottama kRti 'guNaratnAkarachaMda' te adyApiparyaMta apragaTa ja rahI. A graMthamAM prakAzita thayelI kRtiomAM A kavinI 14 kaDInI eka kRti 'sarasvatImAtAno chaMda' paNa pragaTa thaI che. 142 Page #158 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastapratanuM sAMskRtika - zaikSaNika mUlya ane keTalIka hastaprata 143 paNa jyAre meM "guNaratnAkarachaMda'nuM saMzodhana hAtha dharyuM tyAre enI badhI ja hastapratomAM (meM upayogamAM lIdhelI daseya hastapratomAM) AraMbhanI 1 thI 14 kaDI sarasvatI mAtAnI stutirUpe maLe che. Ama "sarasvatImAtAno chaMda' e 'guNaratnAkarachaMda' aMtargata AraMbhika paghAMza ja che. paNa ema banyuM hovAnuM jaNAya che ke A stutiekama alaga rIte pAchaLathI lipibaddha thayuM hoI e A kavinI judI racanA gaNAI gaI che. Ama e jANI zakAyuM ke sarasvatI mAtAno chaMda' ane 'guNaratnAkarachaMda' aMtargata AraMbhano paghAMza e abhinna racanA che. vaLI "sarasvatI mAtAno chaMda'nuM racanAvarSa je aprApya hatuM. te paNa have nizcita thaI zakyuM. kema ke 'guNa' nuM saM. 1572 (I.sa. 1516)nuM racanAvarSa enI hastapratomAM prApta thAya che. 2.'guNaratnAkarachaMda' nA saMpAdana mATe je 10 hastapratone upayogamAM lIdhI emAMthI lA.da.bhA.saM. vidyAmaMdira, amadAvAdanI hastaprata (bhU.ka. 5068) mAM chellA pAnA upara traNa lITIe jyAM "guNaratnAkarachaMda' kRti pUrI thAya che te pachInI khAlI jagAmAM khUba ja jhINA akSaromAM lakhAyelI jagaDUsAhachaMda' nAmanI be nAnI kRtio prApta thaI. eka che kaDInI ane bIjI be kaDInuM kavitrayugala. madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM ApaNe tyAM "chaMda' svarUpI racanAono paNa eka pravAha vahyo che. emAM dIrgha-laghu ema banne prakAranI, chaMdovidhyavALI tema ja eka ja saLaMga chaMdamAM racAyelI chaMdaracanAo prApya che. sauthI vadhu stuti-prazastinA chaMdo racAyA che. enI tulanAmAM aitihAsika viSayavastuvALA chaMdo jUja che. jemAM sauthI mahatvanI chaMdaracanA yAda Ave jainetara kavi zrIdhara vyAsanI 'raNamalla chaMda'. to AvA aitihAsika viSayavastuvALI chaMdaracanAomAM A prApta jagaDUsAha chaMda' kRti eka mahattvano umero kare che. kema ke e kRtimAM keTalIka mahatvanI aitihAsika dastAvejI ghaTanAo upalabdha che. saM. 1315nA varSamAM gujarAta sameta ghaNAM rAjyomAM bhISAga duSkALa paDyo tyAre kaccha- bhadrezvaranA jagaDUzA zeThe gujarAtanA rAjA vINaladevane, siMdhanA hamIrane, dilhInA sulatAnane, mALavAnA-kAzInA rAjAone kone keTaluM anAja garIbone vaheMcavA ApeluM enI AMkaDAvAra vigato emAM prApta thAya che. Page #159 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 144 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana Ama guNaratnAkarachaMda'nuM saMpAdana hAtha dharatAM enI hastapratamAMthI A eka AnuSaMgika lAbha prApta thayo. 3. 'guNaratnAkarachaMda' mAM kavie cAraNI vaparAzavALA akSarameLa-mAtrAmeLa chaMdono upayoga karyo che. enI hastapratomAM kaDInI AgaLa A chaMdanAma noMdhAyelAM che. emAM reDakI chaMdanI paNa 9 kaDIo che. A reDakI chaMdanI koI mAhitI upalabdha thatI nahotI. bRhaspiMgaLa' mAM paNa nahIM. cAraNI paraMparAnA chaMdomAM "raNakI' chaMda che. paNa e raNakI chaMda karatAM A reDakI chaMdanuM baMdhAraNa alaga paDe che. pAga 'guNaratnAkarachaMda' nI eka hemacaMdrAcArya jaina jJAnamaMdira, pATaNa (sU. ke - 9984) nI hastapratamAM reDakI chaMdanuM vaikalpika nAma rUDilA chaMda noMdhAyeluM che. to A reDakI ane rUDilA eka ja chaMda haze? e ekabIjAnAM vaikalpika nAmo haze evo prazna manamAM ghoLAto hato. paNa hamaNAM ja "anusaMdhAna'nA 8 mA aMkamAM DaoN. harivallabha bhAyANIe 'lalitAMgacaritra' aparanAma "rAsakacUDAmaNi' nAmanI chaMdovidhyavALI lAMbI kathanAtmaka apragaTa kRti saMpAdita karIne pragaTa karI temAM 'eDillA' chaMdanirdezavALI cAra kaDIo (376 thI 379) hatI. 'guNaratnAkarachaMda' nA reDakI chaMdanA nirdezavALI ane A kRtinA 'roDillA" chaMdanirdezavALI kaDIonuM chaMdabaMdhAraNa paNa ekasarakhuM ja . jaNAyuM. e parathI nizcita thaI zakayuM ke reDakI ane roDillA ke rUDilA chaMda eka ja che. Ama ekathI vadhu hastaprato sAthe kAma levAnuM thAya che tyAre kRtinA samaya aMge, kartA aMge, keTalIka aitihAsika vigato aMge, kRtinA chaMda aMge vadhu mAhitI ke cokkasa pramANo sAMpaDe che - navI dizAo khUlatI Ave che. e rIte hastapratonuM sAMskRtika-zaikSaNika mahattva keTaluM che e huM 'guNaratnAkarachaMda'nuM mAruM saMpAdanakArya karatAM jANI zakyo chuM. jo koI kRtinI ekathI vadhu prato prApya hoya to sAmAnyata: kRtinI mukhya vAcanA mATe kRtinA racanAvarSathI sauthI najIkanuM lekhanavarSa dharAvatI hastapratane vadhAre pramANabhUta gaNavAnI rahe ane eno mukhya AdhAra levAnuM valaNa rahe. paNa dareka vakhate A dhoraNa lAgu pADI zakAya nahIM. jo kRtinA racanAvarSathI sauthI najIkanA lekhanavarSavALI hastapratanA pATho bhraSTa hoya - lahiyA dvArA kRti bhraSTa pATha sAthe utAravAmAM AvI hoya e prata svIkArya banI zake nahIM. jo ene mukhya AdhAra tarIke svIkAravAmAM Ave to bhraSTa pATha choDatA jaIne anya pratonA pATho svIkAravAno moTo AyAma emAM anivArya banI jAya. Page #160 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastapratanuM sAMskRtika - zaikSaNika mUlya ane keTalIka hastaprata 145 vaLI kRtiaMtargata, kRtinirmANamAM kavinAM je valaNo, kavino je taraphano jhukAva ene kaI hastaprata vadhAre custIthI vaLagI rahe che e paNa mukhya pratanI pasaMdagInuM eka mahattvanuM paribaLa banI rahe. meM "guNaratnAkarachaMda nI je 10 pratone upayogamAM lIdhI emAM sauthI jUnI prata saM. 1618nA lekhanavarSavALI hatI. (kRtinuM racanA varSa saM. 1572) paNa ene pATho bhraSTa hatA. ene sthAne kRtinI vAcanA taiyAra karavA mATe je pratano mukhya AdhAra lIdho te saM. 1716nA lekhanavarSavALI hatI. paNa e eTalA mATe svIkArI. ke vividha chaMdomAM racAyelI A kRtinA cAraNI chaTAnA chaMdolayane A prata, keTalAka jUja apavAde, bahu ja custatAthI jALavatI hatI. kaDIonA aMtyAnuprAsaAMtaraprAsa, yamaka-camatkRtine paNa custa rIte vaLagI rahevAnuM valaNa A prata dharAvatI hatI. kRtinA bahiraMganI suMdara mAvajata karavA tarapha kavinuM je valaNa rahyuM che tene A prata cokasAIthI anusaratI hatI. anya pratonA pAThonI tulanAmAM A pratanA pATho kRtinA AMtara-bAhya sauMdaryane kAvyAtmaka opa ApavAmAM vadhu sahAyaka banatA hatA. (joke aneka jagAe A pratanA pATha choDavAnuM paNa banyuM ja che e spaSTatA paNa karI lauM) anya pratano pATha svIkAravAmAM ke mukhya pratano pATha choDavAmAM chaMda, prAsa, anvayArtha, arthabodha sauMdarya ema aneka bAbato dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnI rahe che. kevaLa keTalI vadhu prato amuka pATha Ape che ke nathI ApatI eTaluM sIdhuM gaNita paNa emAM cAlI zake nahIM. hastaprata-pAThabheda-carcA 1. mArA saMpAdanamAM mukhya pratane ka prata tarIke ane bAkInI navane kha thI 8 prata tarIke oLakhAvI che. kavi sarasvatInI stuti A zabdomAM kare che : mukhya prata ka mAM - ravizazimaMDala kuMDala kidhA, tArA masi mugatAphala viddhA' (sUryacaMdranAM te kuMDaLa karyA che ne tArArUpI motI emAM parovyAM che.) have moTA bhAganI prato ke pratanA viddhA' pAThane sthAne kimbA' ke "lIbrA' pATha Ape che. paNa mukhya pratano 'viddhA pATha ja vadhu kAvyocita kare ema che. kema ke 'kriA" pATha laIe to "kiddhA' kriyArUpa bevaDAya che. kuMDala kidhA - mugatAphala kaddhA." "viddhA' pATha svIkAravAthI sUryacaMdrarUpI kuMDaLamAM tArArUpI motIo parovavAnuM je saudaryasabhara citranirmANa thAya che te kIddhA ke "lIddhAthI thatuM nathI. Page #161 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 146 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana 2. eka jagAe to chaMdadaSTie mukhya pratane pATha choDavo paDyo tenuM udAharaNa laIe. ke prata pATha Ape che : "hasta kamaMDala pustaka vINA suhamaNajhANanANaguNalINA" anya prato 'maNa' pATha bAda karIne paMkti Ape che : 'hasta kamaMDala pustaka vINA suha jhANanANaguNalINA'. (hAthamAM kamaMDala, pustaka ane vINA dhAraNa karelI tema ja zubha dhyAna, jJAna ane guNamAM lIna banelI (devI sarasvatI.) ) have ahIM bAkInI badhI prato maNa pATha nathI ApatI mATe ke pratane pATha choDyo che. ema nahIM, paNa chaMdadaSTie paNa e vadhArAno kare che mATe. ahIM prathama AryA ke AryA chaMda che. kula 57 mAtrAno. pahelA caraNamAM 30+ bIjA caraNamAM 27. A paMkita AryA chaMdanuM paheluM caraNa hoI maNa" pATha rada karavAthI ja enI 30 mAtrA jaLavAya che. 3. kozA AMgaNe AvelA yuvAna sthUlibhadrane (dIkSA pahelAM) rIjhavavA je ceSTAo kare che tenuM varNana : ka prata : 'bhamuha-kamaNi karI tihAM tAkaI tIra-kaDakakha anya prato kaDakakha" ne sthAne taDakakha" pATha Ape che. ahIM arthabodha sauMdaryanI daSTie 'tIra-kaDakakha" ucita lAge. artha bhramaranI kamAna karIne kaTAkSa-tIra (tIra-kaDakakha) tAke che.' have jo 'taDakakha" pATha lo to taDAka daIne tIra tAke che" ema artha thAya. joke 'taDakakha pAThathI ahIM ravAnukAritA praveze che ne varNasagAIne vadhu dhAra maLe che. 'tihAM tAkaI tIra taDakakha paNa 'tIra-kaDakakha nuM kAvyasauMdarya choDavAnuM paNa koI kAraNa na jaNAtAM pATha yathAvat rAkhyo. ahIM keTalIka hastapratane lahiyAoe to strInI ceSTAonI vAta AvI eTale vagara samajya kamANi" no kAmiNI-kAminI' pATha karI nAkhyo. e to spaSTata: khoTo arthabheda ja thaI gayo che. "bhamuha-kamANi' eTale to AMkhanI bhramararUpI kamAna ane e kamAna upara caDAvIne tIra tAke che. 4. sthUlibhadra kozAne tyAM prathama vAra Ave che tyAre AraMbhamAM to kozAne A puruSa dravya kaDhAvavAnuM eka sAdhana ja jaNAya che. paNa pachI ene najIkathI najare nihALatAM e emAM anurakta-premavihvaLa bane che tyAre paMkti A pramANe che : ka prata : gaNikA-bhAva syA mAMhi, jisyauMjala upari lekhe have keTalIka prato 'gaNikA-bhava" pATha Ape che. A bIjA pAThano anvayArtha to bahu sIdho Page #162 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastapratanuM sAMskRtika - zaikSaNika mUlya ane keTalIka hastaprata 147 che ke A gaNikA-bhava zI visAtamAM ? paNa gaNikA-bhAva pATha kozAnI bhAvasRSTi ane bhAvasaMkrAntinA nirUpaNanA saMdarbhamAM vadhu kAvyAtmaka bane che. sthUlibhadrane joyA pachI eno gaNikA-bhAva gayo ne pratibhAva jAgyo. gaNikA-bhAva have ene jaLa uparanA lakhANa samo nirarthaka lAge che. eTale to e pachInI paMktiomAM kahe che. premi kAdavi kalI kADhi kADhi kari kari sukhI" (premathI kAdavamAM khUMpelIne bahAra kADhIne sukhI kara) prema enI AkAMkSA bane che. 5. kozAnA zRMgAranirUpaNamAM AvI paMkitao che : 'pIu jamali jhIlaNa lAgI, ramAI ramati rAgI, mAlA-bhamara jAgI, dekhI IsyauM navi bolAI na sUI nArI'. chellI paMktino artha barAbara besato nahoto. anya keTalIka pratomAM tava bola ne sohaI nArI' maLyo. zRMgAracitramAM A bIjo pATha barAbara besI gayo ne vadhu svIkArya lAgyo. (priyanA sAthamAM snAna karavA lAgI. rAgathI ramata-kriIDA kare che. AvuM dekhI bhramara-mALa jAgI. tyAre nArIno bola zobhato nathI - nArI bolatI nathI.) nArI kema bolatI nathI ? kavi vAcakone pUche che "kahu jANa vicArI - jJAnI, tame vicArIne kaho ke nArI kema bolatI nathI? Ano javAba pachInI kaDImAM che. jANI ali parimalaguNa-vAhyA, kamala varasaI UDI AyA, ' ' ! mujha bolatAM ahara ji DasaIe, pAsaI paNi prAuDI hasaIe (bhamarAo kamalanI brAMtithI (kosAnA mukhane kamaLa mAnIne) UDI AvyA che. jo huM boluM to bhamarA adhara para hase ane pAse rahelo priyatama hase). Ama majhAnuM eka zRMgArarasika kalpanAcitra UbhuM thAya che. A AkhA saMdarbhamAM pAThanI svIkRti nakkI karavAnI thAya che. 6. kyAreka evuM bane ke be judA pATho banne ekasarakhA svIkArya lAge. pati-patnIne vaza kema thAya ? to strInA guNiyalapaNAthI. AnuM nirUpaNa kavi Ama kare che : ka prata : 'prIti vahaI nakhamaMsa taNI pari, adhika bhamaI nahI vali gharivari, kAja kahI jau pIhari jAvaI tu prAuDanArI vasaI AvaI". (nakha-mAMsanI peThe atUTa prIti darzAve, gheraghera adhikuM bhame nahIM, ane piyaramAM Page #163 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 148 hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana zuM kAma che te kahI - jaNAvI piyara jAya to piyuDo nArIne vaza Ave.) keTalIka prato 'kAja kahI' ne sthAne 'kAja karI' pATha Ape che. (saghaLuM kAmakAja karIne-patAvIne jo piyara jAya......) A pATha paNa eTalo ja svIkArya bane ema che. 7. sthUlibhadranA virahamAM jhUratI kozAnuM citra : 'bhUSaNa mayala dharaI aparIThAM, Akhe kaMkaNa valI dIThAM' ahIM badhI prato ekasarakho 'Akhe' pATha Ape che. enI dvidhA che. paMktino pUrvArdha spaSTa che (badalAvyA vinAnAM AbhUSaNo mela dhAraNa kare che). paNa paMktinA uttarArdhano artha zo karavo ? jo 'Akhe' pAThamAM anusvAra rahI gayelo mAnIe ne e pATha 'AMkhe' karIe to artha bahu spaSTa che ke (AMkhe kuMDALAM vaLI gayelAM dIThAM) ahIM adhikaraNArthe 'AMkhe' rUpa svIkArya bane. paNa muzkelI e che ke badhI ja prato 'Akhe' pATha Ape che ne ekapaNa prata sAnusvarita 'AMkhe' ApatI nathI. 8. kozAnA virahanuM bIjuM citra : ka prata : 'pahiryA paNi na gamaI siMgArA, lAgaI aMgi jisyA aMgArA' (paheryA che paNa te zRMgAra gamatA nathI. jANe zarIre te aMgArA jevA lAge che) keTalIka pratono pATha 'lAgaI Agi taNA aMgArA'. (te zRMgAra-AbhUSaNo agninA aMgArA jevA lAge che). artha to ahIM paNa bese che paNa 'agninA aMgArA'mAM punarAvartana Ave che. eTale mukhya pratano pATha ja vadhu svIkArya lAge che. 9. zarIranI nazvaratAnI vAta karatAM kavi kahe che : ka prata : ' te yauvana gAlaI jarA, khAra kanaka pari joI' (jema kSAra sonAne tema vRddhatva yauvanane gALI nAkhe che.) keTalIka prato 'te yauvana lAgaI rA' pATha Ape che. lahiyAne 'gAlaI' no artha nahIM samajAyo hoya ? zaratacUka thaI haze ? je hoya te, paNa 'lAgaI' pAThathI AkhuM citra ja marI jAya che. 'vRddhatva yauvanane gALI nAkhe che' emAM ja, 'gAlaI' pAThathI ja citranirmANa thAya che. Page #164 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 17. ardhamAgadhI Agama-graMthoM ke saMpAdana meM hastaprato meM se pAThoM kI pasaMdagI kA prazna . ke. Ara. candra jenoM kA prAcInatama dharmazAstra Agama sAhitya hai aura vaha bhagavAn mahAvIra ke upadezoM kA saMgraha hai / isakI bhASA eka prAkRta bhASA hai, jisakA nAma ardhamAgadhI hai jisameM bhagavAn mahAvIra ne upadeza diye the / yaha Agama sAhitya guru-ziSya kI maukhika paraMparA se zatAbdiyoM taka calatA rahA aura pA~cavIM zatAbdI ke aMta meM yA chaThI zatAbdI ke prAraMbha meM valabhI meM ise lipibaddha kiyA gyaa| paraMtu usakI jo mUla bhASA thI vaha vaisI kI vaisI nahIM rahI / bhagavAn buddha bhI mahAvIra ke samakAlIna hI the, lekina unake pAli tripiTaka kI bhASA aura ardhamAgadhI meM samAnatA nahIM hai / saMskRta bhASA to pANinI ke samaya se Aja taka usI rUpa meM prApta hai / lekina prAkRta bhASA apanA svarUpa sthala aura kAlAntara ke sAtha sAtha badalatI gayI arthAt lokabhASA, janabhASA badalatI gaI aura usakA prabhAva ardhamAgadhI prAkRta para bhI par3A / jainadharma magadha se (pUrva bhArata se) mathurA aura vahA~ se valabhI(gujarAta) pazcimameM pahu~cA aura isI kAraNa maukhika rUpa meM cale A rahe Agama sAhitya para zaurasenI (mathurA) aura mahArASTrI (valabhI) kA prabhAva par3atA rahA / Aja jo Agama sAhitya upalabdha hai vaha mUla ardhamAgadhI ke parizuddha rUpa meM nahIM mila rahA hai, usa para mahArASTrI prAkRta kA gaharA prabhAva pAyA jAtA hai / uccAraNa-bheda aura zruti-bheda se to bhASA badalatI hI gaI ora sAtha hI sAtha ardhamAgadhI kA koI bhI vyAkaraNa graMtha na hone ke kAraNa paravartI kAla meM prAkRta bhASA ke jo vyAkaraNa likhe gaye unakA prabhAva bhI saMpAdakoM para par3A aura yaha bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki ardhamAgadhI ke viSaya meM ve aba taka bhI gumarAha (misguide) hote rahe haiM / udAharaNa ke rUpa meM zubriga mahodaya kA AcArAMga ke prathama zruta-skaMdha kA jo saMskaraNa upalabdha hai usameM unhoMne mahArASTrI prAkRta vyAkaraNa kA AdhAra lekara use saMpAdita kiyA hai aura anya jo saMskaraNa upalabdha haiM unameM bhI maulika ardhamAgadhI ke svarUpa kA dhyAna kama rakhA gayA hai| -... jaina paraMparA meM saMskRta zAstroM kI taraha bhASA para bhAra nahIM thA vahA~ to sirpha upadezoM Page #165 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 150 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana para hI vizeSa dhyAna thaa| isa kAraNa se AgamoM kI mUla ardhamAgadhI bhASA itanI badala gaI kI use mUla rUpa meM khoja nikAlanA eka bahuta bar3I samasyA bana gaI hai| yaha samasyA kitanI jaTila bana gaI hai isake viSaya meM Agama sAhitya ke prakAMDa vidvAn AgamaprabhAkara muni zrI puNyavijayajI ke hI zabdoM meM unakA abhiprAya yahA~ para uddhRta karatA hU~ jo' unhoMne kalpasUtra kI bhUmikA meM vistAra ke sAtha prastuta kiyA hai / "pratiomAM bhASAdRSTile ane pAThonI dRSTio ghaNuM samaviSamapaNuM che. A kAraNasara maulika bhASAne tenA maulika pAThonA svarUpano nirNaya karavo ApaNA mATe ati duSkara vastu che. __ jaina AgamonI bhASA viSe je keTalAka nirNayo bAMdhelA che te mAnya karI zakAya tevA nathI. arvAcIna prAkRtamA madhyavartI vyaMjanono lopa bheTalA pramANamAM na hato je prAkRta vyAkaraNakAro darzAve che. pAThabhedo svAbhAvika rUpe ja thaI gayA nathI. pAchaLanA AcAryoo pAThakonI sugamatA mATe zabda-prayogone badalI tAravyA che. jaina AgamonI maulika bhASAmo ghaNuM ja parivartana thaI gayuM che tene lIdhe Aje jaina AgamonI maulika bhASA kevI hatI te zodhavAnuM kArya duSkara ja thaI gayuM. vividha kAraNone AdhIna thaIne jaina AgamonI maulika bhASA khIcaDaM ja banI gaI che. eTale jaina AgamonI maulika bhASAmuM anveSaNa karanAre ghaNI ja. dhIraja rAkhavI jarUrI che. prAkRta bhASAnA agAdha svarUpane jotAM zrI hemacaMdranuM prAkRta vyAkaraNa se to prAkRta bhASAnI bALapothI ja banI jAya che. uttarottara lekhakadoSAdine kAraNe ane temAthI lekhakoo upajAvI kADhelA pATho ke vividha prakAranA lipidoSonA jJAnanI paNa graMthasaMzodhanamAM jaruriyAta banI rahe che." __isa para se spaSTa hotA hai ki Agama-graMthoM ke saMpAdana meM maulika bhASA taka pahu~canA kitanA kaThina kArya hai| phira bhI unhoMne yaha bhI kahA hai ki bahuta hI dhIraja se kArya karane para aura prAkRta bhASA kA viziSTa jJAna prApta karane para maulika bhASA ke naz2adIka to pahu~cA jA sakatA hai| isa kArya ke lie yaha jAnanA bahuta jarurI hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samaya meM unake vihAra ke sthala kI bhASA kA kyA svarUpa rahA hogaa| isake lie hamAre pAsa jo bhI Page #166 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastapratoM meM se pAThoM kI pasaMdagI kA prazna sAdhana upalabdha haiM unakA upayoga hameM sAvadhAnIpUrvaka karanA par3egA / usa samaya kI pAli bhASA kA svarUpa hamAre sAmane hai aura azoka ke abhilekhoM kI bhASA bhI hamAre sAmane hai / AgamoM kI hastaprata 12vIM zatAbdI se pahale kI hamAre sAmane nahIM hai aura taba taka unakI bhASA meM kitanA parivartana A gayA hogA yaha bhI eka samasyA hote hue bhI isakA bhI samAdhAna saMbhava hai / madhyakAlIna bhAratIya Arya bhASAoM ke kramika vikAsa ke saMbaMdha meM paryApta saMzodhana kArya huA hai, aura usake AdhAra se bhI mUla ardhamAgadhI ke svarUpa ko nirdhArita kiyA jA sakatA hai| ardhamAgadhI Agama graMthoM kI hastapratoM meM bhASA prAcIna aura paravartI rUpoM kA sammizraNa milatA hai, paraMtu sabhI pratoM meM sUtroM ke sabhI pAThoM meM bhASA kI ekarUpatA nahIM hai / kahIM para prAcIna rUpa milatA hai to kahIM para paravartI rUpa milatA hai| eka hI zabda ke aneka rUpa sthala - sthala para pAye jAte haiM aura aisI hAlata meM hama prAcIna rUpoM ko alaga kara sakate haiM jinako kucha aMza meM vyAkaraNa ke AdhAra para aura kucha aMza meM azoka kI aura pAli bhASA ke sahAre pramANita mAnA jA sakatA hai / isa kArya ke lie sabhI upalabdha hastapratoM ke bibhinna pAThoM kA saMgraha karake unheM akArAdi krama se jamAnA bahuta Avazyaka hai aura isake binA sabhI prAcIna pAThoM ko DhUMDha nikAlanA azakya hai / kArya kaThina avazya hai paraMtu asaMbhava nahIM hai / T isa siddhAMta ke AdhAra para kisa taraha se hastapratoM meM se pAThoM kI pasaMdagI (cunAva) ki jA sakatI hai usake kucha udAharaNa yahA~ para prastuta karatA hU~ jisa para vidvAna loga dhyAna deM to punaH saMpAdana kA kArya atiduSkara' nahIM hogA aisA maiM mAnatA huuN| abhI taka ardhamAgadhI AgamagraMthoM ke saMpAdana kI sAdhAraNataH yaha paddhati rahI hai ki prAcInatama prata meM jo pATha milatA ho yA adhika se adhika pratoM meM jo pATha milatA ho use svIkArA jAya / isa paddhati meM yaha doSa pAyA gayA hai ki kabhI kabhI prAcInatama pATha raha gayA hai| aura kAlAnukrama se adhika pracalita paravartI pATha apanAyA gayA hai| eka hI adhyayana yA eka hI sUtra meM kabhI kabhI vividhakAla ke eka hI zabda-rUpa ke vibhinna pATha apanAye gaye haiN| kabhI kabhI vibhinna pratoM meM alaga alaga pATha milate haiN| eka hI kAla kI racanA meM kisI eka hI sthala para vibhinna pAThoM kA milanA yaha spaSTa batalAtA hai ki lehiyoM aura saMpAdakoM ke Upara paravartI vyAkaraNa kA prabhAva adhika rahA hai aura unhoMne bhASA kI prAcInatA aura racanAsthala kA dhyAna rakhe binA unake apane hI siddhAtoM ke anusAra * paravartI pATha apanAye haiM' / isa saMbaMdha meM kucha udAharaNa isa prakAra haiM 1. 'yathA' ke lie tAr3apatra kI pratoM meM adhikatara 'jahA' pATha milatA hai, paraMtu 151 - Page #167 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana 'adhA' jaisA prAcIna pATha kAgaz2a kI eka do pratoM meM bhI milatA hai| aise sthaloM para 'adhA' pATha (athavA 'jadhA' bhI) nahIM apanAkara 'jahA' (paravartI rUpa ) pATha apanAyA ( AcArAMga meM) gayA hai / yahI bAta 'ekadA ' pATha ke lie bhI lAgU hotI hai (isake pAThAntara haiM 'egadA, egatA, egayA' ) / 2. eka hI padya, vAkya, sUtra yA pariccheda meM vibhinna starake pATha AcArAMga bhagiNI, bhaiNI, 2. 360, sadA, satA, 1.33, pAdANi, pAyANi, 152 - - pAyAI 2.592, 593 sUtrakRtAMga niggaMthe, NiggaMthe ; navanItaM, NavaNIyaM 2.1.650, uttarAdhyAyana khettANi, khelAI 12.13, annamana, aNNamaNNa 13.5 ardhamAgadhI Agama graMthoM kI hastapratoM meM mila rahe vibhinna pAThAntaroM meM se zabdoM evaM zabda-rUpoM kA cunAva prAcInatA ke AdhAra para nimna prakAra se kiyA jA sakatA hai| - 5. vividha rUpa 1. attA, AtA, AdA, AyA, appA 2. naraka, naraga, Naraka, Naraga, Naraya, 3. nagara, nayara, Nagara, Nayara, Nakara 4. lokAvAdI, logAvAdI, lokAvAI, logAvAI, loyAvAdI, loyAvAI medhAvI, mahAvI 6. abodhIe, aboha 7. ahitAe, ahiyAe, ahiAe 8. paDisaMvedayati, paDisavedeti, paDisaMveei, paDasaMvetai 9. bhavati, bhavai, havati, havai, hoti, hoi 10. dakkhiNAto, dakkhiNAo, dAhiNAo 11. ovavAdie, ovavAtie, uvavAdite, uvavAdie ovatrAie, uvavAite, uvavAie ( do pRthak pRthak zabda) 12. ekadA, egadA, egatA, egayA 13. sadA, satA, sayA Niraya prAcInatama rUpa attA yA AtA naraka nagara lokAvAdI medhAvI abodhIe ahitAe paDasaMvedayati bhavati dakkhiNAto ovavAdie ovavAtie ekadA sadA Page #168 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 153 hamakhAtoM meM se pAThoM kI pasaMkmI kA prazna / 14. paveditaM, pavetitaM, pavetiyaM, pavediyaM, paveiyaM paveditaM 15. logassiM, lokaMsi, logaMsi, loyaMsi, lokammi, lokaMsi yA logaMmi, loyaMmi lokassiM (lokaMsi se lokassiM prAcIna rUpa hai) 16. adhA, ahA, jadhA, jahA adhA 17. khettanna, khetanna, khedana, kheyanna, kheanna, khettaNNa, khittaNNa, khetaNNa, khedaNNa, kheyanna, kheyaNNa, kheaNNa 18. cute, cuto, cue, cue cute 19. vidittu, viittu vidittu 20. sahasammutiyA, sahasammutiyAe, sahasammudiyAe, sahasammuie, sahasammaiyAe sahasammutiyA khettanna nimna do-do rUpo meM se prathama rUpa hI prAcIna hai aura use hI naye sampAdana meM cunA jAnA caahie| ka kha ga ja dhvani parivartana = aMdhakAra, aMdhayAra; adhikaraNaM, ahigaraNaM; lokaMsi, logaMsi; kammakarANaM, kammagarANaM; = dukakheNa, duheNa = bhoge, bhoe = parijaNaM, pariyaNaM; avijANae, aviyANae; avijANato, aviyANao; ejassa, eyassa . = Atura, Aure; rogasamuppAtA, rogasamuppAyA; Agato, Agao; dhutamohA, dhuyamohA; kappati, kappai; sotaM, soyaM; bhUtANi, bhUyAiM; jAtipadhaM, jAipahaM cute, cuo; avijANato, aviyANao; disAto, disAo; kuvati, kunvai = pavvathie, pavahie; jAtipadhaM, jAipaha; AvakadhA, AvakahA = dhammapadANi, dhammapayAI; pade pade, pae pae; javodaNaM, javoyaNaM; samucchedaMti, samuccheyaMti; parivaMdaNa, pariyaMdaNa; parivaMdati, parivayaMti ta tha da Page #169 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ dha bha ya na ja hAurikA ane rANAvAhinA mAM jamAdA 154 = tividheNa, tiviheNa; tadhA-tadhA, tahA-tahA; adhiyAsa-, ahiyAsa-; idha, iha medhAvI, mehAvI = thIbhi, thIhi; lobho, loho; pabhU, pahU; sobhaNe, sohaNe; = AvakadhA, AkkahA = nidhAya, NidhAva (NakAra ke badale meM zabda kA mUla nakAra hI bhASA kI prAcInatA kA dyota saMyukta vyaMjana -jJa- = annAta, aNNAta; apaDinne, apaDiNNe -- = samuSpanna, samuppaNNa -nya- = anna, aNNa; annesiM, aNNesiM nAma-vibhakti-pratyaya -e = putte, putto; buddhe, buddho; cutte, cuo -ANi = kammANi, kammAI; vAsaNi, vAsAI; paramaMgANi, paramaMgAI; dhammapadAra dhammapayAI; bhUtANi, bhUyAI; kUrANi, kUrAI -eNa = tividheNa, tiviheNaM -sA = cakkhusA, cakkhuNA -bhi = thIbhi, thIhi -to(=ta:) = disAto, disAo; avijANato, aviyANao -ya . = jAIya, jAIi mahIya, mahIi -aMsi = sarIraMsi, sarIrammi; lokaMsi, lokammi kriyA-rUpa -e. = pucche, pucchejjA; samAraMbhe, samAraMbhejjA -yA = aNupAlikA, aNupAlijjA; pamajjiyA, pamajjijjA; (kujjA, karejA) -tara = pUrahannara, pUreuM . -ttA = caitA, jaiUNa; abhivaMditA, abhivaMdiUNa -mINa = ghAtamINe, ghAtamANe Page #170 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 'hastAnoM meM se pAThoM kI pasaMdagI kA prazna . 155 anta meM eka zabda kI adbhUta yAtrA kI kahAnI sunakara prAkRta ke vidvAnoM ko mUla ardhamAgadhI bhASA meM Agata dhvani-vikAra kA yatheSTa anubhava ho jAyegA aura isase yaha preraNA bhI milegI ki AgamoM kA punaH sampAdana kyoM karanA cAhie / 'kSetrajJa' zabda ke vividha prAkRta rUpa jo mudrita saMskaraNoM aura hastapratoM meM milate haiM ve isa prakAra hai - 1. AcArAMga ke mudrita saMskaraNoM meM upalabdha rUpa - kheyanna, kheyaNNa, khetaNNa, khettaNNa __2. hastapratoM meM upalabdha pATha (uparokta pAThoM ke atirikta) --- khettanna, khittaNNa, khedana, khedaNNa, kheanna, isa prakAra kula nau rUpa milate haiM / inameM se kaunasA rUpa pUrvabhArata kI prAcIna ardhamAgadhI kA maulika rUpa honA cAhie ? ___ isa zabda meM Agata dhvanigata parivartana isa prakAra hai - jJa = na, eNa, tra = ta, ta, da, ya, a aura e = i zabda meM Agata dhvani-parivartana kI yAtrA isa prakAra hogI - kSetrajJa = khettaJa (pAli, mAgadhI, paizAcI aura azoka ke abhilekhoM meM upalabdha pazcima, uttara-pazcima aura dakSiNa kA rUpa); khettana (azoka ke lekhoM ke anusAra pUrvI bhArata kI lAkSaNikatA aura pATaliputra kI jaina AgamoM kI prathama vAcanA kA rUpa); khetanna (dIrghamAtrA ke bAda AnevAle saMyuktavyaMjana meM se eka kA lopa); khedana (magadhaza se mathurA (zUrasena pradeza) kI ora prayANa); kheyaNNa (mathurA se balabhI (pazcima bhArata) kI ora prayANa), yahA~ para Akara madhyavartI vyaMjanakA lopa; 'ya' zruti aura 'na' kA 'Na' meM parivartana (gujarAta meM) ho gyaa| Azcarya yaha hai ki sabase prAcIna Agama graMtha AcArAMga meM paravartI pATha milate haiM jabaki sUtrakRtAMga ke paravartI yAnI dvitIya zruta-skaMdha meM prAcInatama rUpa 'khettanna' sUtra naM. 641 aura 680 meM prApta ho rahA hai, vaha bhI kAgaja kI prata meM bhii| Page #171 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 156 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana pAdaTipa 1. kalpasUtra (gujarAtI bhASAMtara sAthe), saMpA. puNyavijayajI, sArAbhAI maNilAla navAba, ahamadAbAda, I. sa. 1952 / 2. antima pRSTha para 'kSetrajJa' zabda ke vividha prAkRta rUpoM kI jo carcA kI gayI hai usake lie dekhie lekhaka kA pustaka 'prAcIna ardhamAgadhI kI khojameM' kA adhyAya naM. 6, (1991-92) / vistAra ke lie dekhie merI pustakeM - Restoration of the Original Language of Ardhamagadhi Texts, 1994. 4. paraMparAgata prAkRta vyAkaraNa kI samIkSA aura ardhamAgadhI, adhyayana 14 (1995) / madhyavartI NakAra ke sthAna para mUla nakAra hI bhASA kI prAcInatA kA dyotaka mAnA jAnA caahie| Page #172 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 18. jainAgamonA pAThasaMpAdanamAM prAcIna bhASAkIya svarUpanuM puna:sthApana vasaMtakumAra ma. bhaTTa bhUmikA : pAThasamIkSA (Textual Criticism) athavA 'samIkSita pAThasaMpAdana' (Critical Text-Editing) no khyAla kaMIka A prakArano che : koI paNa graMthano Aje je pratilipionI pratilipiomAM pATha saMkramita thayo hoya te lahiyAonA aneka prakAranA pramAdane kAraNe ke akasmAtane kAraNe vikRta, khaMDita ane azuddha thayelo hoya che. AthI hastalikhita pratomAM jaLavAI rahelA e eka ja kRtinA vividha prakAranA pATho (text) mAMthI' mULa graMthakAre (ja) lakhyo hoya evA mULa pAThane (Original text) ne zodhI kADhavo, anumAnavo ane kAlAntare pravezelAM hoya evA pAThAntarone pAdaTIpamAM cokkasa paddhatie saMgRhIta karavAM ene 'samIkSita pAThasaMpAdana' kahe che. 1. pAThasampAdanamAM trividha AyAmo mULa graMthakArano svahastalekha ane Aje ApaNane upalabdha thatI koIkanI hastalikhita prata (manuscript) vacceno pAThasaMkramaNa (texttransmitation)no itihAsa ApaNe mATe taddana aMdhArAmAM hoya che - ajJeya hoya che. e sthitimAM ekAda hastapratamAM maLato je te kRtino pATha te mULa graMthakAre ja lakhelo pATha che ema mAnI zakAya evuM hotuM nathI. kAraNa e ja kRtinI bIjA koI prAMtamAMthI meLavelI hastaprata sAthe tene sarakhAvIe to, te bemAM ghaNo taphAvata jaNAI Ave che. kAraNa prAcIna ane madhyakAlIna bhAratamAM pratilipIkaraNanuM kArya yAMtrika na hatuM. AthI mAnava dvArA thatAM e pratilipIkaraNamAM je te kRtino mULa pATha aneka rIte vicalita thato noMdhAyo che. A saMjogomAM game te eka hastalikhita pratane laIne koI kRtinuM pAThasaMpAdana ke 157 Page #173 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 158 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana. pAThaprakAzana karavuM anarthakArI pUravAra thAya che. ApaNA prAcIna bhASyakAro ane TIkAkAro paNa e vAtanI sAkSI pUre che ke temane vArasAmAM maLelA je te kRtinA pAThamAM apapATha, pAThAntara, lumAMza ane prakSipta aMza vagere jovA maLe che. A pachI yuropIya vidvAno jyAre pahelavahelA saMskRta, pAli ane prAkRta bhASAmAM lakhAyelA graMthonA paricayamAM AvyA, ane temaNe tenuM prakAzana kArya hAtha dharyuM tyAre temaNe pAThasaMpAdana kevI rIte karavuM ? enA keTalAka siddhAMto vikasAvyA che. jeno prAthamika paricaya ApatuM pustaka DaoN. sumitra maMgeza kasAhebe lakhyuM 9: Katre S. M. Introduction to Indian Textual Criticism; Deccan College, Pune, 1954. A uparAMta, prastuta lekhanA lekhake paNa 'saMskRta pADulipio ane samIkSita pAThasaMpAdana-vijJAna" (prakA. sarasvatI pustaka bhaMDAra, amadAvAda, 1994) pustaka dvArA A dizAmAM eka prayAsa karyo che. zrI kanTesAhebanA uparyukta pustakamAM nirUpita paddhatie likhita dastAvejomAMthI (eTale ke hastalikhita pratomAMthI) pAsaMpAdana (textediting)nuM kArya karavA uparAMta, pAThasamIkSAnA kSetramAM kayAreka koI kRtino amuka aMza hastapratomAMthI luma thayo hoya tyAre te lumAMza mATe anya sahAyaka sAmagrImAMthI lumapAThAMzanuM punargaThana (reconstruction) paNa karavuM paDe che. [El. d. gaul : The Panchatantra Reconstructed; ed. by Franklin Edgerton; vol. I & II, American Oriental Society, New Haven, Connecticut, O. s. A. 1924. (bhAga-ranI prastAvanA)], athavA kayAreka prAcInatama pAThanuM navuM sthityaMtara pedA thayuM hoya tyAre tevA pAThanA punarvasana (restoration athavA rehabilitation)nuM kArya paNa hAtha dharavuM paDe che. Ama pAThasamIkSA" nA kAryakSetramAM trividha AyAmo jovA maLyA che. prastuta lekhamAM jenAgamonI pAThasamIkSAnA saMdarbhamAM je prakAranI samasyA carcavAmAM AvI che, te kevaLa hastapratomAMthI pAkasaMpAdananI samasyA nathI, paNa jainAgamonA pAThamAM kAlAntare je navuM sthityaMtara pedA thayuM che, tenA punarvasana (puna:sthApana)nI samasyA mukhya che. jenI, have carcA hAtha dharIzuM. 2. jenAgamonI vividha vAcanAo ane bhASAkIya rUpAMtaro brAhmaNa saMskRtinA vedono; tathA zramaNa saMskRtinA jainAgamo ane bauddhatripiTakono pATha e evA prakArano pATha che ke jemAM mULa graMthakArano Page #174 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prAcIna bhASAkIya svarUpanuM puna:sthApana 159 svahastalekha (Autograph) kadApi hato ja nahIM. banne saMskRtinA anuyAyIoe potapotAnA jJAnarAzine kevaLa zruti paraMparAthI sadIo sudhI sAcavI rAkhavAno prayatna karyo che. zramaNa saMskRtinA sAdhuo samaye samaye maLatA rahyA che ane parasparanA zrutajJAnane cakAsIne tene vyavasthita karatA rahyA che. jema ke, bauddhatripiTakonA pAThanuM saMpAdana karavA mATe traNa saMgItio bolAvavAmAM AvI hatI evA ullekho bauddha graMthomAMthI maLI Ave che. AvI pahelI saMgIti rAjagRhamAM, bIjI vaizAlImAM ane trIjI samrATa azoka (I. sa. pUrve 50)nA samayamAM, eTale ke buddhanirvANanAM 236 varSa pachI pATaliputramAM bharAI hatI. A trIjI saMgItimAM bauddha Agamone lipibaddha karavAmAM AvyA hatA. AvI ja rIte, mahAvIranI vANIne prathama tabakke gautamAdi ziSyoe maukhika paraMparAthI ja sAcavI hatI. paNa pachI bIjo tabakke, eTale ke bhagavAna mahAvIranA nirvANa pachI 160 varSe (eTale ke I.sa. pUrve 367 mAM) caMdragupta mauryanA samayamAM je dukALa paDyo hato te pachI sthUlabhadra pATaliputramAM dezabharanA jenazramaNonuM saMmelana bolAvyuM hatuM, ane tyAM saue ekaThA maLIne kutajJAnane vyavasthita karyuM hatuM. evuM bIjuM saMmelana I.sa. 30-313 mAM AIskaMdilanA netRtva heThaLa mathurA (sUrasena)mAM bolAvavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. barAbara te ja samaye gujarAtanA valabhI zaheramAM nAgArjuna sUrie paNa eka pariSada bharIne AgamanI vAcanA vize carcA hAtha dharI hatI. e pachI I. sa. 453-466 mAM, ane valabhImAM ja, devardhigaNi kSamAzramaNanA netRtva nIce cothuM saMmelana bolAvavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. temAM mathurAmAMthI maMgAvelI "mAdhurI vAcanA'ne AdhAre jaina Agamane saMkalita karIne lipibaddha karavAmAM AvyA hatA. tathA A samaye je pAThono samanvaya na thaI zakyo temane vadhAre puLa = (vanAntare puna:) [bIjI koIka vAcanAmAM vaLI Ama vAMcavA maLe che. ema kahIne nodhavAmAM AvyA athavA to, keTalAka pAThAMtaro mATe nA navA vaM tatti | ityAdi rUpe ullekhavAmAM AvyA che. vaLI, A samaye, "daSTivAda' nAmano graMtha kyAMyathI paNa prApta nahIM thatAM ucchinna thayelo jAhera karavAmAM Avyo hato. vedasAhityamAM zabdanuM prAdhAnya gaNAyuM hoIne, kAlAntare vedamaMtronA artha bAbate ghaNI vipratipattio UbhI thaI che. paNa tenA zabdo to sasvara yathAvata adyAvadhi sacavAyA che. jyAre jainAgamomAM mahAvIranI vANInA zabdanuM nahIM, Page #175 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 160 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana paNa arthanuM prAdhAnya svIkArAyuM che. tethI bhASAkIya daSTie tenA zabdAtmaka svarUpamAM parivartano thatAM rahyAM che. jema ke, bhagavAna mahAvIre magadha ane tenI AsapAsanA pradezomAM je dhamapadeza karyo hoya to te tatkAlIna ardhamAgadhI bhASAmAM haze. Ama anumAnathI siddha thatuM jainAgamonuM bhASAkIya svarUpa ardhamAgadhI bhASAmAM nibaddha hatuM. pachI te AgamonuM mAthurI vAcanAmAM saMkramaNa thatAM, te zaurasenI bhASAmAM upanibaddha thayuM haze ane kAlAntare trIjo tabakke te mahArASTra prAkRtamAM parivartita thayuM che. Aje zvetAmbaronA Agamo (jaina mahArASTra prAkRta'mAM che; to digambaronA mate jainAgamo zaurasenI prAkRtamAM upanibaddha che. Ama jainAgamonI be pramukha vAcanAo pravartamAna che.) have, jainAgamonI bhASAnA saMdarbhamAM muni zrI puNyavijayajI ma. sA. nA zabdo joIzuM: ... banne arihaMtoe (buddha ane mahAvIre) temano upadeza lokabhASAmAM grathita thAya evo Agraha rAkhyo hato. AthI bhagavAna mahAvIrano upadeza gaNadharoe te kALanI prAkRta bhASAmAM grathita karyo. e bhASAnuM nAma zAstromAM ardhamAgadhI ApavAmAM AvyuM che. pAchaLanA vaiyAkaraNoe mAgadhI ane ardhamAgadhI bhASAnAM je lakSaNo gaNAvyAM che te lakSaNo ApaNI sAme vidyamAna AgamomAM kavacit ja maLe che. eTale prAkRta bhASAnI sAmAnya prakRti pramANe e bhASA sadA parivartita thatI rahI haze ema mAnavAne kAraNa che. ane je kAraNe zAsonI bhASA saMskRta nahi paNa prAkRta rAkhavAmAM AvI hatI eTale ke lokabhASA svIkAravAmAM AvI hatI te kAraNe paNa lokabhASA jema jema badalAya tema tema e zAstronI bhASA badalAvI joIe e anivArya hatuM....." "zvetAMbaronA AgamonI bhASA prAcIna kALe ardhamAgadhI hatI ema svayaM AgamonAM ja ullekha uparathI nizcita thAya che. paNa Aje to jene vaiyAkaraNo mahArASTra prAkRtane nAme oLakhe che te bhASAnI najIkanI e prAkRta che. AthI Adhunika vidvAno ene jaina mahArASTra evuM nAma Ape che. e bhASAnI samagrabhAve ekarUpatA, pUrvokta zaurasenInI jema, Agama graMthomAM maLatI nathI ane bhASAbhedanA staro spaSTa rUpe tajajJane jaNAI Ave che.'' Ama jainAgamonA pAThamAM je bhASAkIya rUpAMtara thatA gayA che ane hAla upalabdha thatA pAThamAM ekarUpatAno je abhAva pravarte che, tenA sthAne mULa prAcInatama ardhamAgadhI bhASAsvarUpanA pratikApanano prazna Aje dhyAnAkarSaka banIne Ubho che. Page #176 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prAcIna bhASAkIya svarUpanuM puna:sthApana 161 3. muni zrI puNyavijayajI ane zrI jakhkhavijayajI ma. sA. dvArA AgamonuM pAThasaMpAdana praziSTa kRtionA pAsaMpAdananI je caturvidha tabakkAo 1. anusaMdhAna (Hueristics), 2. saMzodhana (Recensio), 3. saMskaraNa (Emendation) ane 4. uccatara samIkSA(Higher Criticism)vALI paddhati prophe. katre sAhebe (1954) pUrvokta graMthamAM samajAvI che. tathA bhADArakara oNrienTala rIsarca insTiTayuTa, pUnAe I. sa. 1933 mAM prakAzita karelI "mahAbhArata'nI samIkSita AvRttimAM je paddhati apanAvAI che te Adarzane saMmukha rAkhIne muni zrI puNyavijyajI ma. sAhebe (1968 mAM) drisUtra anuvAdvAra nuM; tathA muni zrI jakhkhavijyajI ma. sAhebe (1977mAM) gAjaratra ityAdinuM samIkSita pAThasaMpAdana kArya karyuM che. A be graMthonI prastAvanA jotAM A banne mahAnubhAvonI pAThasamIkSAnI sAmagrI ane paddhati nIce mujaba jovA maLe che : AcArAMganI pAThaparaMparA jemAM jaLavAI rahI che te 1. vartamAnamAM maLatI tADapatrIya ane kAgaLanI hastaprato, 2. AcArAMga uparanI sauthI prAcIna vyAkhyA "cUrNi" ane 3. AcArAMga uparanI sauthI pahelI zIlAcAryanI saMskRta vRtti che. A uparAMta 4. pUrvenA prakAzita vividha saMskaraNo paNa A badhIya sAmagrImAMthI zrI jakhkhavijyajI ma. sAhebe (ane zrI puNyavijyajI ma. sA.) hastalikhita prationo ja mukhyatayA AdhAra lIdho che. uparyukata trividha sAmagrImAMthI kAlAnukramanI daSTie joIe to cUrNi' sauthI vadhu prAcIna che tathA zIlAcAryanI saMskRta vRtti' 110 varSo pUrve racAyelI che. tethI upalabdha hastalikhita prato karatAM to te prAcIna che ja, paNa 'cUrNi" to 'vRtti' karatAMya vadhu prAcIna che. have, hastalikhita prata uparAMtanI je cUrNi ke zIlAcAryanI vRtti che jene pAThasamIkSAzAstramAM sahAyaka sAmagrI" (Testimonium) kahe che temAMthI vRttimAM maLatA pAThane saMpAdakoe vadhAre mahattva ApyuM che. kema ke - 1. vartamAna hastapratono pATha vRttinI pAThaparaMparAne prAya: maLato Ave che, tathA 2. atyAre moTA bhAge teno paThana-pAThanamAM adhika pracAra hovAne lIdhe, vRttinA abhyAsIone anukULatA rahe te mATe' 7 "vRtti" mAM maLatA pAThane prAdhAnya ApyuM che. muni zrI jakhkhavijayajIe AcArAMga'nA saMpAdanamAM pAipasaMdagInA niyamo nIce mujaba svIkAryA che : Page #177 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 162 hastapratavidhA ane AgamasAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana (ka) hastalikhita pratiomAM vividha pATho maLatA hoya tyAM koI pATha cUrNisaMmata hoya ane koI pATha vRttisaMmata hoya to vRttisaMmata pATha moTe bhAge mULamAM svIkAryo che, ane bIjo pATha pAdaTippaNamAM Apyo che.) (kha) tema chatAM, cUrNisaMmata pAThane paNa aneka sthaLe mULamAM svIkAryo che. (ga) hastalikhita pratiomAM je pATha maLyo nathI, chatAM cUrNi-TIkAnA AdhAre je pATha atyaMta jarUrI lAgyo che, te pATha [] AvAM corasa kokamAM temaNe mUkyo che." muni zrI puNyavijayajIe naMtisutta ane majura nA saMpAdana bAbate lakhyuM che ke - 'jyAre cUrNikAra ke vRttikAro judA judA pAThabhedone svIkArIne vyAkhyA karatA hoya tyAre brahavRttikAre svIkArelA pAThabhedane ja mULasUtrapATha tarIke moTe bhAge ame amArA saMpAdanamAM sthAna ApyuM che.' zvetAMbara AgamonA pAkasaMpAdanamAM A be bahuzruta munizrIoe pAThapasaMdagI bAbate je uparyukta niyamo svIkAryA che, temAMthI be muddAo UpasI Ave che : 1. hastalikhita pratio, cUrNi ane vRtti - e traNamAMthI je prAcInatama gaNAya che te cUrNino pATha pasaMdagI bAbate dvitIya kramAMke upayoga karAyo che eTale ke prAcInapAThInI sthApanAnuM lakSya pradhAna nathI. paNa vRtti saMmata pAThane prathama kamAMke pasaMdagI ApI che. kema ke te paThana-pAThanamAM upayogI che. 2. prakaraNa, vAkya ke vAkyarthane susaMgata karavA ke paripUrNa karavA mATe je atyaMta jarUrI' lAge to tyAM cUrNino pATha ] mAM umeryo che. Ama hastalikhita pratione AdhAre A pAThasaMpAdano thayAM hovA chatAMya, temAM amuka amuka sthaLoe prathama kramAMke "vRtti'no tathA dvitIya kramAMke cUNi" no upayoga karAyo che. AmAM cUrNisaMmata prAcInatama pATha' maLato hovA chatAMya, te moTe bhAge pAdaTippaNamAM ja nirdezAyo che. evI ja rIte, jenAgamonI bhASAmAM ekarUpatA nathI' enAthI A banne saMpAdako sabhAna hovA chatAMya temAM ekarUpatA ane prAcInatAnA puna:sthApananA muddA tarapha temanuM udAsInatApUrNa valaNa che. 4. pAThaparaMparAnA vaMzavRkSamAMthI sUcavAtA lakSyAMko sAmAnya rIte, Adhunika pAThasamIkSAzAstrano e Agraha hoya che ke Page #178 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prAcIna bhASAkIya svarUpanuM puna:sthApanA . 163 hastalikhita prato ane sahAyaka sAmagrIrUpa (TIkA, vRtti ityAdi) graMthomAMthI maLatA hoya tevA prAcInatama ane/athavA mULa graMthakArane abhimata hoya tevA pAThanI pratiSThA karavI, tathA anya pAThaparaMparAmAM jaLavAyelA pAThAntara, prakSepAdine samIkSAgIya sAmagrI' tarIke vaijJAnika paddhatie pATIpamAM nodhavA, ke jethI bhaviSyanA adhyetAne e tamAma pAThAntarAdinI vigato eka ja pRSTha upara upalabdha thaI jAya. nAgamonA saMdarbhamAM to "mULa graMthakArano" (eTale ke bhagavAna mahAvIrano) svahastalekha to kyAreya hato ja nahIM, tethI Adhunika pAThasaMpAdakonuM e lakSya rahevuM joIe ke te upalabdha sAmagrImAMthI prAcInatama pAThane (ja) pratiSThita kare. A saMdarbhamAM jainAgamonI pAThaparaMparAnuM vaMzavRkSa vicArIe to - *bhagavAna mahAvIrane abhimata evo Agamono pATha(=mahAvIranI vANI) bhagavAna mahAvIranA nirvANa pachI 160 varSe eTale ke I. sa. pUrve 367mAM, pATaliputramAM sthUlabhadranI beThakamAM nakkI thayelo ardhamAgadhI bhASAmAM upanibaddha evo pATha. eka ja samaye (I. sa. 313mAM) maLelI be beThako mathurAmAM valabhImAM Arya skaMdilanA netRtvavALI beThakamAM nAgArjunanA netRtvavALI nakakI thayelo beThakamAM nakakI thayelo pATha (saMbhavata: zaurasenImAM) pATha (jemAMnA keTalAka aMza emanA nAme pAThAMtara rUpe nodhAyA che) (mAtharIvAcanAne AdhAre) valabhImAM I. sa. 453 ke 466mAM devardhigaNi kSamAzramaNe lipibaddha karelo pATha cUirNi, mAladhArI hemacandrasUri, zIlAMkAcAryanI vRttio * vyAkhyA graMthonI racanAno gALo - zvetAMbara jainone mAnya evo jaina mahArASTrImAM lakhAyelo pATha, je Aje tADapatrIya ane kAgaLanI hastalikhita pratiomAM maLe che. Page #179 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 164 hawtavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana uparyukta vaMzavRkSanA anusaMdhAnamAM koI paNa Adhunika pAThasaMpAdake potAnI pAThasamIkSAnAM lakSya nIce mujaba banAvavA joIe : 1. devardhigaNi kSamAzamaNe saMgRhIta karelo pATha, ke je "jaina mahArASTrI prAkRta'mAM upanibaddha hato, te to prophe. ke. Ara. caMdrAsAheba jaNAve che tema bhASAkIya daSTie pramANamAM ghaNo arvAcIna kahevo paDe evo pATha che. tenI paNa pUrve najara karIe to sthUlabhadra pATaliputramAM vyavasthita' karelo pATha, ke je prAcIna ardhamAgadhImAM haze, tenA svarUpanI gaveSaNA karIne, prophe. ke. Ara. caMdrAnA mate te ardhamAgadhI bhASAmAM jainAgamone pATha puna: sthApita karavo joIe." kema ke, pAThasamIkSAzAstra prAcInatama pAThanI zodhanuM lakSya laIne pravartAvavAmAM Ave che, (ane tema karavAmAM AgamomAM arthanI daSTie kazI hAni thavAnI nathI). nidarza rUpe kahIe to, DaoN. ke. Ara. caMdrAsAhebe dhyAna doryuM che te mujaba Adhunika saMpAdakomAMnA eka brige AgamonA pAThamAM madhyavartI alpaprANa vyaMjanono lopa ane mahAprANono hRkAra karI nAkhyo che. (je arvAcIna prAkRtanuM lakSaNa che.) tathA bIjA muni zrI jabbavijayajIe prAraMbhika ane madhyavartI nakAranA sthAnamAM sarvatra nakAra karI dIdho che, je vAstavamAM paravartIkALanI prAkRta bhASAnuM lakSaNa che. kevaLa aitihAsika tathya upara AdhArita, DaoN. ke. Ara. caMdrAsAhebanI rajUAtane je dhyAna upara nahIM levAmAM Ave to koI paNa vyakti jainAgamone bhASAkIya daSTie Isu khristanA samaya pachInI Adhunika racanA mAnavA prerAze. A sthiti svAbhAvika rIte ja bhayAvaha che! ane prastuta lekha lakhanAra atyalpajJa vicArakane ema jaNAya che ke - 2. "sahAyaka sAmagrI' tarIke cUrNimAM maLato pATha ja upalabdha hastalikhita prato ane zIlAcAryAdinI "saMskRta vRtti karatAMya prAcIna hoya to tenI mULa pATha tarIke pratiSThA karavI joIe ane te pATha dubodha hoya to tenA arthaghaTana mATe yatna karavo joIe. kema ke pAThasamIkSAno eka adhiniyama che ke "kaThina pAThane pahelI pasaMdagI Apo". (Prefer the harder reading). Page #180 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prAcIna bhASAkIya svarUpanuM puna:sthApana 165 3. pAThaparaMparAnA upara nirdiSTa vaMzavRkSane sUkSma tarkathI tapAsIe to 1. "mArI vAcanA', ke jeno pATha devardhigaNinI vAcanAmAM pratibiMbita thayo che, te ane 2. nAgArjunIya vAcanA, ke jenA amuka pAThAMtaronI (ja) nodha levAI che, te beno tulanAtmaka abhyAsa karIne, pATaliputranI prathama beThakanA prAcInatama pAThanuM "anu-sandhAna" lagAvavuM joIe. kema ke ukta vaMzavRkSanI daSTie nAgArjunIya pAThaparaMparA e sIdhI ja pATaliputranI pAThaparaMparAnuM pratinidhitva kare che, (ane vaLI te paNa valabhImAM ja maLI hatI !). tethI te AMzikarUpe jaLavAyelA pAThanuM prAcInatA ane maulikatA bAbate mUlya asAdhAraNa che. adyAvadhi A dizAno prayAsa koI saMzodhake nA karyo hoya to te pAra karavA jevo che ! ti ki . 5. prAcIna bhASAkIya svarUpanuM puna:sthApana prophe. ke. Ara. caMdrAsAhebe "AcArAMgasUtra'nA pAThasaMpAdanamAM muni zrI jabUvijayajI dvArA uparyukta hastapratomAM sacavAyelA vividha pAThAMtaro, ane sUtrakRtAMga, isibhAsiyAI, uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAlikAdi prAcInatama graMthomAMthI prAcIna ardhamAgadhI bhASAnI lAkSaNikatAo tAravI ApavAno saphaLa ane prazaMsanIya prayAsa karyo che. temaNe temanAM niSkarSo pUrvabhAratanA azokakAlIna zilAlekhomAM maLatI bhASAnA svarUpathI samarthita paNa thAya che, ema paNa darzAvyuM che. emanA mate 1. zabdanA madhyavartI vyaMjano vA, te, Tu no lopa nahIM thatAM te vyaMjano yathAvata cAlu rahetAM hoya, 2. aghoSa vyaMjano, jevAke - , , tha nuM ghoSIkaraNa thaIne anukrame 1, 2 ane dha mAM parivartana thatuM hoya 3. saMyuktAkSara jJa' nuM 'na' mAM parivartana thatuM hoya tevA kSetrajJa vagere) zabdo, ane 4. saptamI vibhakti - ekavacanano -siM/ pratyaya jemAM jovA maLato hoya tevA zabdo (pAThAntaro) jo eka taraphathI AcArAMgAdinI koIkane koIka hastapratamAMthI maLI zakatA hoya, ane bIjI taraphathI te I. sa. pUrve 30 nA pUrvabhAratIya azokakAlIna zilAlekhonI bhASAnAM rUpothI samarthita paNa thatAM hoya to, tevA pAThAntarone ja prAcInatama ardhamAgadhIno pATha gaNIne samIkSita AvRttimAM sthAna ApavuM joIe. Page #181 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 166 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana A rIte, jainAgamonI vAcanAmAM prAcIna ardhamAgadhInA bhASA svarUpanI puna:sthApanAno prazna jyAre upasthita thayo che, tyAre e vicArataMtune tArkika daSTie vistAravAnuM mana thAya e paNa svAbhAvika che. AthI eka sUcana evuM paNa karuM chuM ke je saMskRta zabdonA tadbhava zabdo prAkRtamAM judA judA kALe judA judA svarUpe vaparAtAM gayA che, temAMthI dhvanizAstranI daSTie je prAcIna ane paheluM tabhAva rUpa hoya teno vizeSa Adara karavo, ane je rUpa nizcitapaNe uttaravartI kALanuM tadbhava rUpe hoya teno asvIkAra karavo joIe. udAharaNa tarIke - saMskRta rakSiA zabda laIe. tenA nivA, vi ane TrAphiLo evAM vibhinna prAkRta rUpo upalabdha thAya che. to A traNeya vaikalpika rUpomAMthI kAlAnukramanI daSTie je paheluM dhvanizAstrIya rUpAMtara hoya, (eTale ke bi ) teno ja pAThapasaMdagImAM Adara karavo joIe. jainAgamonA atyAre maLatAM pAThAMtaro bahudhA dhvanizAstrIya daSTie, prAkRtabhASAnAM AvAM vaikalpika rUpo che. tethI temanI pasaMdagImAM paNa kAlAnukramanI daSTie je paheluM parivartana hoya teno vizeSa Adara karavo e ja tArkika vAta che ! A saMdarbhamAM bIjI paNa eka spaSTatA karavI jarUrI che. upalabdha jainAgamomAM AvAM vaikalpika rUpomAMthI je uttaravartIkALamAM vikaseluM rUpa (dA.ta. raLi) hoya te sAMkhyika daSTie vadhAre vAra vaparAyuM hoya ane pUrvakAlika rUpAMtara (dA.ta. virALa) ekAdavAra ja vaparAyuM hoya, to paNa te pUrvakAlika rUpanI ja svIkAra karavo joIe. kAraNa ke pAThasamIkSAno e siddhAMta che ke - 'hastapratonI saMkhyAne nahIM, paNa AMtarika ane anulekhanIya saMbhAvanAne dhyAnamAM lo.' Page #182 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prAcIna bhASAkIya svarUpanuM punaHsthApana 167 pAdaTIpa 1. Texts may be either autographs or they may be transmit ted texts, these, again, being immediate copies of autographs or copies of copies to any degree. [-See : Encyclopeadia of Britannica, Vol. 22, pp. 6-11] Textual Criticism, a general term given to the skilled and methodical application of human judgment to the settlement of texts. By a "text" is to be understood a document written in a language known, more or less, to the inquirer, and assumed to have a meaning which has been or can be ascertained. The aim of the "textual critic" may then be defined as the restoration of the text, as far as possible, to its original form, if by 'original form we understand the form intended by its author - Encyclopedia of Britannica, Vol. 22, pp. 6-11. 3. mo: na dArA simita bhanyuala AI inDiyana mudrisama', (pR. 101.) 4. 15 vigato mATe mo : prAkRta sAhitya kA itihAsa; DaoN. jagadIzacandra jaina, caukhambA vidyAbhavana, vArANasI, 1961 5. mo:bhagavaM ca NaM addhamAgahIe bhAsAe dhammamAikkhai / samavAyAMga sUtra (naM. 34) naMdisuttaM aNuogaddArAiM ca / - sampAdakAH muni zrI puNyavijayajI, paM. dalasukha mAlavaNiyA evaM paM. amRtalAla bhojaka; prakA. mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, muMbaI, I. sa. 1968 (prastAvanA, pR. 13 - 14) 7. mo : AyAraMgasuttaM, saM. muni jambUvijayaH / prakA. zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlayaH muMbaI, 1977, (prastAvanA : pR. 38). 8. sumo : pATI5 - 7 8. mo : naMdisuttaM aNuogaddArAI ca / saM. puNyavijayo muniH, mAlavaNiyA, bhojakazca / prakA. zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, muMbaI, 1968.(prastAvanA, pR. 11) Page #183 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 168 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana 10. "paNa eTaluM nakakI ke TIkAnA kALa sudhImAM jaina AgamonI bhASA parivartita thatI rahI che. ane teNe prAkRta bhASAnI prakRti - eTale ke parivartita thatAM rahevuM - jALavI rAkhI che emAM to zaka nathI" - puNyavijayajI munizrI dvArA saMpAdita natsittanI prastAvanA, pR. 14. tathA muni zrI jakhkhavijayajI saMpAdita karavAnI prastAvanA, pR. 34 nI pATippaNa-1. 11. DaoN. ke. Ara. caMdrA likhita traNa graMtharatnamAM A viSayanuM nirUpaNa che : (1) "vIna vardhamAgadhI ja lona meM'' prA. prati jaina vidyAvita paMDa, ahamadAbAda, 1991 (2) paraMparAgata prAkRta vyAkaraNa kI samIkSA aura ardhamAgadhI, 1995 ane (3) Restoration of the original Language of Ardhamagadhi, Texts, prA. prAkRta jaina vidyAviIt is, milAvA, 1994 12. juo : prana ardhamAgadhI vana meM | je. DaoN. ke. Ara. candra, amalavA, 1991, (pR. 7 8) 13. prAcIna ardhamAgadhI roga meM . je. ke. Ara. candra, gaddI, 1991 (3. varU - 67) 14. juo : Restoration of the Original Language of Ardhamagachi Texts, by K. R. Chandra, Ahmedabad, 1994. Page #184 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 19. saMskRtagraMthonI pAThasamIkSAno AraMbhakALa pUrNimA upAdhyAya 1. bhUmikA mahAbhAratanI 'samIkSita AvRtti'nI jarUriyAta viSe sau prathama uccAraNa I. sa. 1897mAM 'inTaranezanala kaoNMgresa oNpha oNrienTAlIsTasa'nI perisamAM maLelI agiyAramI pariSadamAM prophe. ema. vinTaraniTse karyuM. tyAra pachI, temaNe I. sa. 1899mAM bAramI pariSada maLI tyAre 'saMskRta epika TeksTa sosAyaTI'nI sthApanAno prastAva rajU karyo. barlina ane viyenAnI ekeDemIoe phaMDa UbhuM karyuM ane kAryanA prAthamika tabakkAno AraMbha thayo. I. sa. 1908mAM prophe. henarIca lyUDarse aDhAra pAnAnI AdiparvanA saDasaTha zlokonI eka namUnArUpa samIkSita AvRtti taiyAra karI. AmAM temaNe judA judA pAThAMtarone pAchIpamAM noMdhyA; ane pariziSTamAM brahmAgaNezano prakSepa mUkyo. A kArya thayA pachI 20 varSe, eTale ke I. sa. 1928mAM pharIthI prophe. vinTaraniTyuM e pariSadamAM Takora karI ke 'inTaranezanala esosiezana oNpha ekeDamIjha'e namUnAnI samIkSita AvRtti taiyAra karavA sivAya bIjuM kazuM chApyuM nathI. paraMtu bIjA vizvayuddhane kAraNe A mahattvAkAMkSI kAryane thaMbhAvI devuM paDyuM hatuM. bIjA vizvayuddha pachI 'bhADArakara orienTala rIsarca insTiTayUTa' (punA)e navA utsAha ane khaMtapUrvaka A kAryane navesarathI upADyuM. I. sa. 1919mAM zrI rAmakRSNa gopAla bhANDArakare 'mahAbhArata' nI samIkSita AvRtti taiyAra karavAnA mahAkAryano zubhAraMbha karyo. A kArya kramaza: AgaLa vadhatAM, prophe. vI. esa. sukarthaMkara sAhebe I. sa. 1933mAM sauthI pahelAM 'Adiparva'nI samIkSita AvRtti taiyAra karIne prakAzita karI. tenI prastAvanAmAM (Prolegomena to Mahabharata) A samIkSita AvRtti taiyAra karavA 165 Page #185 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 170 hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana mATenI bhUmikA, sAmagrI, tenuM pRthakkaraNa, pAThasamIkSAnA siddhAMto, mahAbhArata kAryamAM rahelI vyavahAru maryAdAo vagerenI carcA karI che. Ama bhAratIya vidvAno dvArA pAThasamIkSAnA siddhAMto prasthApita karavAnuM pahelavaheluM kArya I. sa. 1933mAM saMpanna thayuM ema kahI zakAya. paNa te pUrve lagabhaga eka sadI pahelAM Avo ja eka saMniSTha prayAsa DaoN. meksamyUlara dvArA I. sa. 1849mAM thayo che. DaoN. meksamyUlare jagatamAM sau prathama Rgveda uparanA sAyaNabhASyanI hastapratone ekatra karI ane tenuM samIkSita pAThasaMpAdana karatI vakhate pAThasamIkSAnA keTalAka siddhAMto tAravyA che. Aje jyAre gujarAtanA kadAca prathama pAThasaMpAdaka kahI zakAya evA muni zrI puNyavijayajI ma. sA.nI janmazatAbdI nimitte hastapratavidyA vize parisaMvAda yojAI rahyo che, tyAre bhAratIya saMskRta sAhityanA prathama pAThasaMpAdaka kahevA paDe evA meksamyUlaranA eka prayAsanI samIkSA karavI asthAne nahIM gaNAya. meksamUlarano A prayAsa eTalA mATe noMdhapAtra che ke pUrvokta mahAbhAratanI samIkSita AvRtti taiyAra karavI joIe evo prastAva prophe. ema. vinTaraniTse 1897mAM karyo, tenI paNa pUrve 48 varSo pahelAM meksamyUlare A dizAnA uSa:kALa samo sAyaNabhASyanA pAThasaMpAdanano prayAsa karyo che. prastuta lekhamAM prophe. meksamyUlaranA vicAro samIkSaNIya che. A vicAromAM uttaravartI kALanI je saiddhAMtika ImArata caNAI che, teno pAyo jovA maLe che. 2. sAyaNabhASyanI hastalikhitaprato prophe. meksamyUlare RgvedasAyaNabhASyanI bAreka jeTalI hastalikhita prato bhAratanA vividha prAMtomAMthI ekatra karI hatI ane temAM vAMcavA maLatA pAThane pahelAM to saMtulana patrikA upara utAryA hatA. pachI vaMzAnukrama paddhatie jatAM temane sAyaNabhASyano pATha traNa svataMtra pravAhomAM pravAhamAna thayelo jovA maLyo hato. temaNe vadhumAM kahyuM che ke bhAratIya paraMparAnI mAnyatAne svIkArIe to paNa vidyAnagaranI AsapAsa dATI devAmAM AvelI sAyaNanA lakhANonI hastaprato maLavI Aje saMbhavita nathI. AthI, uparyukta hastapratone bAda karatAM bIjI koI hastaprata koIpaNa bhaMDAramAM sacavAI hoya ane je vadhu upayogI paNa puravAra thAya tema hoya, tevI koI hastaprata Aje kayAMyathI maLe tema nathI. Page #186 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ saMskRta graMthonI pAThasamIkSAno AraMbhakALa 171 3. pAThAMtara bAbate vicAraNA sAyANabhASyano abhyAsa karIne meksamUlare noMdhyuM che ke kyAreka bhASyakAro eka ja uddharANane judA judA saMdarbhamAM judI judI rIte udbhUta kare che. AnuM kAraNa e che ke bhAratIya graMthakartAo ghaNebhAge temanI smRti para AdhAra rAkhatA hoya che. eTale ke AvAM uddharaNane noMdhapAtra pAThAMtara tarIke vizeSa dhyAnamAM levAnI jarUra rahetI nathI. AthI meksamUlare evuM valaNa rAkhyuM che ke AvA judI judI rIte udbhUta thayelA saMdabha parivartita karyA vinA arthAt ekarUpa banAvyA vinA yathAvat rAkhavA joIe. alabatta, AvA vividha svarUpe udbhUta thayelA saMdarbho, ekatrita karelI aneka hastapratomAMnI uttama hastaprato dvArA samarthita thatA hovA joIe. 4. zuddhIkaraNa sAyaNe uddhata karelA vividha saMdarbho ghaNebhAge adhUrA paNa hoya che. AthI tene pUrNa karavA mATe te te saMdarbhagraMtho jovAnI AvazyakatA rahe che. paraMtu A saMdarbhagraMthomAMnA keTalAka prakAzita che to bIjA keTalAka hastapratomAM ja aprakAzita svarUpe sacavAI rahyA che. AthI sAyaNe adhUrA rAkhelA te saMdarbhone pUrA karavA mATe jyAre anya graMthonI hastaprato vagerene upayogamAM levAmAM Ave che, tyAre sAyaNabhASyanI pratilipimAM lahiyAnA hAthe je paNa azuddhio UbhI thaI hoya, te aMzanuM zuddhIkaraNa paNa thaI jAya che. uparAMta ekanuM eka uddharaNa vAraMvAra vaparAtuM hoya tyAre paNa tenuM eka jagyAe zuddhIkaraNa thaI gayA pachI pharI pharIne jyAre lahiyAnA hAthe eTalA aMzamAM azuddhio pravezI hoya to teno saMskAra karavo paNa saraLa banI jAya che. A ja pramANe mAdhavAcAryuM che je arthaghaTano karelAM che ane sAyaNe ene jyAM jyAM udbhUta karyA che tyAM teTalA aMzanA pAThanuM puna:saMpAdana karavuM paNa saheluM banyuM che. kema ke mAdhavAcArye karelAM arthaghaTano judA judA sUtonA saMdarbhamAM sAyANe vAraMvAra uvRta karyA che. AthI lahiyAone hAthe ATalA aMzamAM je azuddhio pravezI che tene to anyatra udbhUta thayelA aMzanA AdhAre zuddha karI zakAya che. Page #187 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 172 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana 5. siddhAMta carcA sarvedanA prathama aSTakanI mekasamUlara pAse bAra hastaprato hatI. paraMtu grIka ane leTina Philology (bhASAzAstra)no temano abhyAsa evuM kaheto hato ke samImita pATha saMpAdana taiyAra karavA mATe vadhumAM vadhu hastaprato ekatrita karavI te anivArya nathI. kAraNa ke ghaNA badhA dAkhalAomAM evuM jovA maLe che ke jyAre ghaNI badhI hastapratonA pAThane saMtulana patrikAmAM utAryA hoya tyAre te mahadaaMze kRtinA pAThane hAni pahoMcADe che tathA zaMkAspada pAhyAMzane vadhu zaMkAspada banAvavAmAM kAraNabhUta bane che athavA to ekAda hastaprata (ja) lahiyAnI sAkSInA AdhAre ke ekAda cAlAka pAThasamIkSakanI ramatanA AdhAre je pAThavaividhya UbhuM thayuM hoya tyAM, pAThasaMpAdakane dhAraNAmUlaka aneka pAThAMtaronI kalpanA karavAnuM sUjhe che. AvAM kAraNothI jyAre vadhAremAM vadhAre hastaprato ekatrita karIne pAThasamIkSA karavA beThA hoIe tyAre, praziSTa kRtionI pAThasamIkSAmAM ghaNI badhI zakti ane ghaNo badho samaya veDaphAya che. AthI hastapratono viniyoga karavA bAbate samIkSita pATha saMpAdakonI navI Presiduripildi (azules al s Bakker, Dindorf, Lachmann qul? eka niyama tarIke kahe che ke praziSTa graMthakartAonI prAcIna AvRttio (ApaNA saMskRta vidyAnA saMdarbhamAM eka ja kRtinI ghaNI badhI hastaprato) moTe bhAge samIkSita pAkasaMpAdanamAM binaupayogI puravAra thaI che. alabatta, AmAM mukhya mukhya saMskaraNono apavAda karavAno raheze. je AvRttimAM (saMskaraNa) koI eka (ja) hastapratane prakAzita karavAmAM AvI hoya, ane te (hastaprato game teTalI azuddha hoya, to paNa amuka hada sudhInI tenI zraddhayatA rahe ja che. 6. pAkasaMpAdanamAM "zailInI samIkSA prathama aTaka uparanA sAyaNabhASyanI hastaprato saMkhyAmAM sauthI vadhAre prApta thaI che. tethI paNa pAThazuddhi karavA bAbata saraLatA UbhI thaI che. svayaM sAyaNe prathama adhyAyane viSe jAhera karyuM che ke cutanastAvatA sarvopyuM rAnIti guddhimAna | arthAt je buddhimAna A prathama aSTakanA bhASyane samajavA samartha che te bIjA aSTakonA arthane samajavA paNa samartha thaze." sAyaNanI A vAta jeTalI arthaghaTanane viSe lAgu paDe che teTalI ja temanA bhASyanI hastapratone paNa lAgu paDe che. kahevAnuM tAtparya e che ke prathama aSTakanI hastapratone AdhAre Page #188 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ saMskRta graMthonI pAThasamItrAno AraMbhakALa 173 pAThasaMpAdananI prakriyA hAtha dharyA pachI anya aSTakonA pAThasaMpAdanamAM je saMkhyAmAM ochI hastaprato prApta thAya topANa pAThasaMpAka potAnuM kArya koI vizeSa muzkelI vinA AgaLa dhapAvI zake che. jyAM sudhI sAyaNabhASyane lAgevaLage che tyAM sudhI prathama aSTaka uparanA bhASyamAM temaNe potAnI pUrepUrI vidvattAnuM pradarzana karyuM che ane bahuzrutatAno pUro paricaya ApI dIdho che. tethI AgaLanA aSTakomAM, ke jemAM temaNe vistRta bhASya nathI lakhyuM te aMzamAM paNa bhASyakAranI zailI kevI rahI haze teno jhaDapathI aMdAja lagAvI zakAya che. eTale ke koI graMthakartAnI rajUAtanI zailI je tenI pUrI vizeSatAo sAthe samAjamAM AvI jAya to te paNa pAThasaMpAdanamAM upakAraka banatI hoya che." 7. vaMzavRkSanI goThavaNI bAbate vicAro samIkSita pAThasaMpAdana mATe hastapratone upayogamAM laIe te pUrve te pratyekane dhyAnathI tapAsavI joIe. jema ke je te hastapratamAMno pATha UtarI AvavAno srota kayo che, eTale ke pratyeka hastapratanA pAThanuM vaMzavRkSa kayuM che) temano samaya kayo che, A muddAono abhyAsa karavAthI te prApta karelI hastapratonuM sApekSa mUlya nakkI thaI zakatuM hoya che. jo mULa graMthakartAno svahastalekha ja Aje upalabdha thaI Ave to A pAThasamIkSAzAstranI koI jarUra ja na rahe ane ApaNe upalabdha tamAma hastalikhita pratone bAjue mUkI zakIe. AvA prasaMge mULa graMthakAranA svahastalekhane ja prakAzana mATe hAtha para laI zakAya ane te samaye jo mULa graMthakAre ja koI azuddhi sarjI hoya, to mAtra tene ja ApaNe zuddha karavAnI rahe. paraMtu saMskRta sAhityane lAgevaLage che tyAM sudhI tenI kRtionA mULa graMthakartAono svahastalekha Aje kyAMyathI maLato nathI. ane te te kRtionI je hastalikhita prato maLe che te ghaNA uttaravartI kALanI che. AvI pratilipionuM jo saMtulana karavAmAM Ave to te parasparathI ghaNI judI paDe che, jemAM azuddhio ane lumAMzo, ke sudhArAo ane umerAo sadIonA samayagALA daramyAna ajJAnI lahiyAo ane vidvAna lahiyAonA hAthe thayA hoya che. keTalAka azuddhimUlaka pAThAMtaro evA paNa jovA maLe che ke je koI ekAda hastapratamAM ja hoya evuM nahIM, paNa ekI samaye ghaNI hastapratomAM AvA azuddhimUlaka pAThAMtaronI punarAvRtti hoya. kyAreka evuM paNa jovA maLe che ke Page #189 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 174 hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana prApta karelI ghaNI badhI hastapratomAMnI keTalIka hastapratomAM amuka pAkyAMza ekasarakhI rIte vaNanoMdhAyelo ja rahyo hoya ane teTalo lumAMza bIjI koI hastapratamAM jaLavAI rahyo hoya. AvA dAkhalAomAM ApaNe evuM anumAna cokkasa karI zakIe ke je je hastapratomAMthI amuka nizcita pAkyAMza lupta thayo che te badhI ja hastapratono Adi srota koI eka samAna hastaprata haze. samAna lumAMzo dharAvatI hastapratomAMnI keTalIka hastaprato jo bIjI koI vizeSatAne kAraNe judI paDatI lAge to teTalI hastapratone peTA bhedI rUpe judI paNa pADI zakAya. A prakAranA pAThonA sAmya ane vaiSamyanI tulanA aMtatogatvA te kRtinA pAThasaMkramaNanuM vaMzavRkSa kevI rIte goThavAyuM che teno citAra rajU karI zake che. A vaMzavRkSanA AdhAre bhegI karelI hastaprato vaccenA AnuvaMzika saMbaMdho paNa spaSTa thAya che. A AnuvaMzika saMbaMdhone hastaprata kayA samayamAM lakhAI che enI sAthe saMbaMdha hoto nathI kAraNa ke evuM banavA pUrI saMbhava che ke ghaNA uttaravartI kALamAM lakhAyelI hastapratanI Adarza prata kadAca ghaNI prAcIna paNa hoya, mATe AvI lekhanasamayanI daSTie arvAcIna jaNAtI hastapratanA pAThanuM mUlya saMkhyAnI daSTie vadhu evI bIjI hastaprato karatAM vadhI jAya che. alabatta, AvA prasaMgoe "zuddha pATha' ane prAmANika pATha' vacceno taphAvata paNa che samajI levo joIe. upalabdha thayelI koI eka prAcIna hastaprata pANa bhAgye ja mULa graMthakAranA samayanI hoya che. (abhijJAna zakuntala"nI prAcInatama hastaprata bAramA saikAnI maLe che. paNa mULa graMthakArano eTale ke kAlidAsano samaya I. sa. nI pahelI ke pAMcamI sadI gaNAI che.) AthI, prAcInatama pAThanI zodha e pAThasamIkSAnuM lakSya nathI, paNa prAmANika pAThanI gaveSaNA e pAsamIkSAnuM lakSya che. AthI hastapratone vaMzAnukrame goThavavI e prAmANika pAThane zodhavA mATe Avazyaka ane atyaMta upakAraka evI prakriyA che. alabatta, vaMzAnukama paddhatithI meLavelo pATha, saMbhava che ke mULa graMthakArano ja lakhelo ke zuddhatamapATha na paNa hoya. (ka) kayAreka evuM paNa bane che ke upalabdha ghaNI badhI hastapratono pATha koI eka ja hastapratamAMthI UtarI Avyo hoya ane te mULagAmI hastaprata pAchI Aje paNa astitva dharAvatI hoya. (jevuM ke sophokalIsanA lakhANo vize jovA maLe che) (kha) paraMtu bahudhA AvuM banatuM nathI. upalabdha hastapratone vaMzAnukrame goThavatA jaIe tyAre chelle be ke tethI vadhAre jUthamAM te hastaprato Page #190 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ saMskRtagraMthonI pAThasamIkSAno AraMbhakALa vaheMcAI jatI hoya che. AvAM jUthomAM je pAThAMtaro hoya che te parasparathI taddana svataMtra jovA maLatAM hoya che. paraMtu pUrvokta (ka) ane (kha) prakAranA dAkhalAmAMthI pahelA dAkhalAmAM samIkSita AvRtti taiyAra karatI vakhate jUnAmAM jUno ane uttama pATha pratiSThita karavAnuM lakSya rAkhI zakAya che. paraMtu ghaNe bhAge jema banatuM hoya che tema prAcInatama gaNAtI koI eka hastaprata ke jenA AdhAre anya hastaprato banAvAI hoya che, temAM ghaNI azuddhio pravezelI hoya che. AvI azuddhione kevaLa dhAraNAthI ke anya granthonA uddharaNane AdhAre Adhunika jaNAtI hastapratomAM sudhAravAmAM AvI hoya che. AvA zuddha karavAmAM AvelA aMzone samIkSita AvRttionI pATIpamAM nodhavAmAM ane carcavAmAM Ave che. pUrvokta (kha) prakAranA dAkhalAmAM jyAre vaMzavRkSamAM chelle jatAM aneka jUtho svataMtrapaNe jovA maLatA hoya tyAM pAThasamIkSakanuM kArya thoDuM muzkela bane che. kema ke AvA saMjogomAM pratyeka jUthanI hastaprato prAmANikapATha hovA bAbatano eka sarakho dAvo karI zake che, AvA saMjogomAM pAThasamIkSaka je te pAThanA aMzane koI paNa jUthamAMthI pasaMda karI zake che. paNa Avo pasaMda karelo pAThyAMza pAThasamIkSakanI dRSTie vadhu zuddha ane mULa graMthakartAnI zailInI sAthe anurUpa hovo joIe. kyAreka hastapratono evo samudAya paNa maLI Ave ke jemAMno zuddha (parizuddha) pATha anya hastapratonA zaMkAspada sthAnone taddana nirmULa karI Ape. A hastapratonA vattAochA mUlyanI cakAsaNI koI paNa graMthanI samIkSita AvRtti taiyAra karatAM pUrve thaI javI joIe. AthI, koI paNa pAThasaMpAdakane mATe e Avazyaka che ke upalabdha tamAma hastapratone saMtulanapatrikA upara khUba kALajIpUrvaka noMdhI le. AvI saMtulana patrikAmAM evA pAThAMtaro paNa utArI levA jarUrI che ke jemAM spaSTapaNe lahiyAnA hAthe thayelI azuddhio ja jaNAtI hoya. gaMbhIra prakAranI bhUlo ane lAMbA lumAMzo be hastaprato vaccenA saMbaMdhane bAMdhI ApavAmAM eTalA upayogI nathI thatA ke jeTalA eka-be akSaranA lumAMzo ke samajapUrvakanI bhUlo upayogI thAya che. kAraNa ke AvA nAnA aMzomAM thayelI bhUlone sudhAravAnI lAlaca svAbhAvika rIte ja lahiyAone thaI AvatI hoya che, ane teo potAnI vaiyaktika vidvattAne AdhAre AvA sudhArAo karavAnuM sAhasa kare che. irAdA vinAnI azuddhio lahiyAonuM dhyAna kheMcatI nathI ane teo tene yathAvat rahevA de che. 175 Page #191 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 176 hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana upasaMhAra saMskRta graMthonI pAThasamIkSAno prAraMbha bhAratamAM to bhANDArakara oNraenTala risarca insTiTayUTe I. sa. 1933mAM karyo ane tene anusarIne anugAmI varSomAM ma. sa. yunivarsiTI, vaDodarAe nATyazAstra tathA vAlmIki kRta 'rAmAyaNa' jevA vizALakAya graMthonI samIkSita AvRtti taiyAra karI che. e ja pramANe e samRddha paraMparAothI preraNApIyUSa pIne muni zrI puNyavijayajI 'ma. sA. ane prajJAcakSu paMDita sukhalAlajI jevA vidvaSa~e jaina darzana ane jaina AgamonA pAThasaMpAdananuM kArya paNa navesarathI upADyuM hatuM. paraMtu A I. sa. 1933mAM bhAratamAM zarU thayelI saMskRta graMthonI pAThasamIkSAno dUra kSitija upara AjathI lagabhaga doDhaso varSa pahelAM je eka nAno chatAMya atyaMta dhyAnAspada kahI zakAya evo teja camakAro thayo hato te meksamyUlare saMpAdita karelA sAyaNabhASya sAthenA RgvedanI prastAvanA, ke je I. sa. 1849mAM lakhAyela che. temAM saMskRta graMthonI pAThasamIkSA karavA bAbatanA je keTalAka mArgadarzaka siddhAMto sUcavAyA che tenA darzana thAya che. jema ke, uparanI carcAmAM ApaNe joyuM tema 1. meksamyUlare jaNAvyuM che ke pAThasaMpAdanamAM hastapratonI saMkhyA mahattvanI nathI paNa temAM saMkramita thayelA ane jaLavAyelA pAThanI zraddheyatAnuM mahattva che. 2. meksamyUlare nodhapAtra rIte hastapratonuM vaMzavRkSa zodhavAnI vAta paNa uccArI che. alabatta, temAM vAcanAo (Recension) judI pADavAno koI vicAra pratibiMbita thayo nathI. 3. vividha hastapratomAM maLatA judA judA pAkyAMzomAMthI kone pAThAntara gaNavA ane kone lahiyAnA hAthe thayelI azuddhi gaNavI eno viveka karavAnuM meksamyUlare kahyuM che; tathA AvA sUcaka pAThAMtaronI vaMzavRkSa upara zI asara paDI zake te paNa temaNe caryuM che. 4. tathA hastapratomAMthI prAcInatama zraddheya pAThane tAravyA pachI AvazyakatA anusAra azuddha aMzomAM zuddhIkaraNa karavA mATe (khAsa karIne sAyaNabhASyanI aMdara) sahAyaka sAmagrIno kevI rIte viniyoga karavo te vize paNa meksamyUlare keTalIka vAto karI che. uparyukta cAra ja muddAomAM pAThasamIkSA bAbate meksamyUlare je vicAro mUkyA che te anugAmI varSomAM pro. vI. esa. sukathaMkara sAheba ke DaoN. esa. ema. kanne sAhebanA lakhANomAM vaTavRkSarUpe puSpita, pallavita thayelA ApaNane jovA maLe che, je maiksakyUlaranA lakhANanuM mUlya nakkI karavA paryApta che. Page #192 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ .. pAdaTIpa 1. "This may be accounted for by the fact that Indian authors trust so much to their memory as to quote generally by heart. Such slight differences, therefore, I have left unaltered whenever they were supported by the testimony of the best MSS." see Rig-Veda-Sanhita, Ed. Max Muller, vol. I, W. H. Allen & Co., London; Preface, p. xiv. IBID p. xiv "In most cases a comparison with the work from which passages were quoted served to correct the mistakes of the comentary; while in other cases a frequent recurrence of the same quotation in the Commentary furnished aslo the means of correcting false readings in the original works, or supplied, at all events, a wellauthenticated varietas lectionis". 3. %. 5. saMskRtagraMthonI pAThasamIkSAno AraMbhakALa * IBID p. xiv " A similar advantage for a critical restoration of corrupt passages was derived from the frequent repetition of the same explanations in different hymns, which also made it easier to become familiar with the style of the commentator, and his whole way of thinking and interpreting the Veda." IBID p. xiv "In most cases those numerous MSS. which have been collated for classical authors have only served to spoil the text; to make the reading of doubtful passages still more doubtful; and to give rise to a mass of conjectural readings, based either upon the authority of the transcriber of a MS., or upon that of an ingenious editor." dA.ta. kAlidAsanA 'raghuvaMza' mAM - snigdhagambhIranirghoSamekaM syandanamAsthitau / 177 prAvRSeNyaM payovAhaM vidyudairAvatAviva // ( 1 - 36 ) Avo je zloka che, tenA 4thA caraNamAM eka pAThAMtara AvuM paNa vAMcavA maLe che. - viSuvairAvata va / arthAt 'vAdaLa upara jema vidyuta ane airAvata = iMdradhanuSya bese tema spandanamAM sudakSiNA ane dilIpa beThA' - Page #193 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 178 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana paNa A bIjuM pAThAMtara svIkArIe to dilIpane mATe prayojAyela erant (= 1947:) G4H14 Co mulegual Eliezd zylud del or, kema ke e zailInI daSTie upama nidrAkSasya evI uktithI kAlidAsanI upamA liMga sAdRzyanA muddA upara ja vakhaNAI che. AthI vipurAvatI 591 Boi uisidor sllaeladi quei sau ay einta 88 24H zailInA pramANathI nakakI thAya che. 'Before MSS. can be used for critical purposes, it is necessary that they should themselves be examined critically, in order to determine their origin, their age, and their genealogical ramifications, and thus to fix their relative value." - see : Rig-Veda-Sanhita, Ed. Max Muller, vol. l W. H. Allen & Co; London; Preface, p. XV. IBID p. XV "Now, if there are for instance, certain MSS. which omit a certain number of passages that have been preserved in others, we may safely conclude that the MSS. which coincide in omitting these passages flow from the same original source. But out of the number of Mss. which thus coincide in omitting certain sentences, some may again differ in other characteristic passages, and thus form new classes and subdivisions". 6. A catalogue of Sanskrit Manuscripts, at the Asiatic Soci ety, Calcutta, Vol. v. MS. No. 5289 / 5653. C. "In the latter case, if there remain several independent branches of MSS. the task becomes more difficult; and as each class of MSS. may claim for itself the same degree of authenticity, it becomes the duty of an editor to choose in each particular case the reading of that class of MSS. which may seem to him most correct, and best in accordance with the general style of the author." see : Rig Veda-Sanhita, Ed. Max Muller, Vol. I, W. H. Allen & Co; London, Preface, p. xvi 10. Introduction to Indian Textual Criticism, Poona, 1954. Page #194 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 20. TYPOLOGY OF JAIN MANUSCRIPTS BY MUNI SRI PUNYAVIJAYAJI DR. SHRIDHAR ANDHARE It seems that the oral tradition continued till about the fourth century B. C. But, references to writing begin to appear in the early year of the Pali-Buddhist texts of Ca, fifth century B.C.' mentioning materials used for writing such as, leaves, wood and metal sheets. Towards the beginning of the Christian Era, the desire and need to religate holy teachings to writing began to manifest itself, and therefore, it became a matter of prime importance to record their spoken word into writing. Finally, after a long spell of conflicting agreements between the two sects, the Svetambaras summoned a council of Monks at Mathura in Ca. fourth cent. A.D. and two more thereafter in quick succession at Vallabhi in Saurashtra around the same period. It is here, under the guidance of Acharya Devardhagani, the groups agreed to commission readations of the sacred texts. Thereafter there is a paucity of textual evidence of writing till about the 11th century A.D. Subsequently, it is apparent that Jainism received substantial patronage from the kings, queens and ministers of state. Even earlier such generous endowments enabled the community to build temples and monastic 904 Page #195 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 180 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana establishments under the leadership of the Bhattarakas who encouraged the laity to enrich the temples with donations of icons for worship and manuscripts for spiritual enlightenment. It is at this point of time that the tradition of sastra-dan gained momentum and it was regarded as an act of religious merit to gain wisdom. The idea of the reverence for learning acted as a main inspiration in creation of sastrabhandaras equipped with illustrated and unillustrated manuscripts. Both, the monks and the shravakas contributed to this activity equally. Right from the times of Acharya Bhaduabahu to Ca. 16th century, Acharya Kundakunda, Umaswati, Siddhasena, Devanandi, Devardhagani, Akalanka, Haribhadra Suri, Jinasena, Gunabhadra and Hemachandra, etc. not only filled the sastra-bhandaras with their own works but preached the importance of writing down the manuscripts to the masses. It is mentioned in the Upadesatarangini that Kumarapala* (A.D. 1143-1174) of Gujarat established twenty-one sastra-bhandaras and presented each one with a copy of Kalpasutra written in gold letters. As , a result of this, large number of manuscripts of religious text were prepared and presented to temple libraries all over in Western India, including Delwada, Agatpur, Jaisalmer, Cambay, Broach, Sirohi, Rajnagar, Patan, etc. The growth of Jain Mss. in Western India on plamleaf and their painted book-covers is simultaneous to that of the Buddhist Mss. in Eastern India. The script used in Western India is an early form of Nagri with Page #196 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ Typology of Jain Manuscripts characteristics that make it out as Jaina Nagri." It has special forms of certain letters and diphthongal signs before the letters e or o. This early scripts is identified as Padi-matras in local Jain terminology. This elegant and monumental script remained characteristic of the Svetambara Jains until the 18th century. 181 In the early phase of the palm-leaf Mss. text dominated the space, which ran across into five or six lines. Sometimes a long palm-leaf was divided by two verticle spaces marked by a red dot known as chandraka in the centre used also for string holes. In case of painted folios, the illustrations appeared two or three times in rectangles in between the text and the string holes. On the basis of the text pattern written or drawn on the folios of Mss. a detailed classification has been done by late Muni Sri Punyavijayji and the samples have been presented to the L.D. Institute of Indology at Ahmedabad which are being illustrated here in the form of slides in chronological sequence. When paper came to be used for manuscripts the smaller narrow format of the palm-leaf was discontinued, the size of the letters also became big and the paintings and other marginal decoration gained importance. In the history of miniature paintings of the world, the early Jain manuscript illustrations claim a unique position. After the 14th cent. a number of rich and opulant manuscripts illustrating the sacred books like the Kalpasutra and the Kalakacharya Katha were commissioned by wealthy merchant community. Pro Page #197 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 182 hastapratavidyA ane Aga sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana fuse use of gold and silver ink against deep crimson, violet or light blue ground became a matter of dignity and pride. The known specimens of these, such as, the Mandu Kalpasutra of A.D. 1439, the Jaunpur Kalpasutra of A.D. 1465, and the most opulant of the MSS. in India, the Deva Sano pado Kalpasutra of Ca. 14758 from Ahmedabad, exhibit an extraordinary skill not only of painting but of the calligraphy as well. The entire folio is treated graphically as one, in which both text the pictorial illustration and in certain cases, the marginal decorations play a significant role. The style and quality of writing and painting however goes on changing in the subsequent periods. The folios grow shorter and broader with lines of text, increasing on each folio. The Jain calligraphers are popularly known as Lahiyas, Bhojaks, Nayakas or Brahmans. This institution of Lahiyas or the writers may have come into existence as an occupational caste living on writing of MSS. for the donors. It also appears from several inscriptions that they belonged to the Kayastha caste and their jurisdiction extended from Western India right upto Delhi-Jampur area in U.P. In the later period we come across various other agencies who wrote the Mss., among them the Jain Sadhus and Sadhvis or monks who, apart from being well read, were skilled calligraphers. Some of the monks of lesser religious integrity later came to be recognised as Gorjis who performed socio-religious functions of Astrologers, Vaids, Joshis, and Yatis dealing in mantra and tantra. Page #198 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ Typology of Jain Manuscripts 183 In Mewar, the Mahatmas were the scribes and their names appear in the colophons of Jain as well as nonjain manuscripts. Mahatma Hiranada was the scribe of a dated Ms. of Supasanahachariyam'o painted as Devakulavoiaka in A.D. 1422-23. In the 18th and 19th century a community of scribes known as Matheran was active in the Jodhpur-Bikaner area which was writing as well as illustrating the quika MSS. on all subjects. A number of such manuscripts apear in almost all repositories of Jain Bhandaras. Page #199 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ The types of MMS Classified by Muni Shri Punyavijayaji are as Under : No. Gujarati Names IMustration Description in English CE 1. 33 4C, FLC HTC 37 sacitra mULa pATa On palm-leaf as well as on paper represents text in one, two or three columns without the criticism. 2. Les gra, amics BH Main text accompanied by one columns of text. 184 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana 3. #4, HTC Main text accompanied by one columns of text. Main text with three columns of commentary around. 5. & 4T Main text with five columns of commentary around. 6. Afa 160977 Main text with an illustration. Page #200 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ No. Gujarati Names Illustration Description in English 7. 424 Enfant et ofta anSE Rosette in the centre with coloured margins. 8. AMA 3 TA Decorative numerical. 9. TFG TEM TETT Red and White letters. 10. gaunfer anita Interwoven with golden letters. Typology of Jain Manuscripts SWAR 11. THE White spaces on black paper. . 12. a taifa Decorated with golden lines. 13. Farat feina Writing with empty spaces forming a design. 14. operating that Interwoven with the name of the scribe Jaichand in the centre square. 17. ES Page #201 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ Illustration No. Gujarati Names 15. T-TOM HET Description in English Red and Black ink. 16. Rafael 1444 Empty spaces left in calligraphic writing. 17. 2001 ALFA Black ink. 18. #19 # PUTET Ink made out of catachu. 186 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana 19. MIE PIET Ink made with lak. rakta-kRSNa-masI Red, Blue and Black writing. 21. Perera mmmm Mwamwe Bold letters. 22. HEATRE Micro letters. 15D 23. ETTERT Elongated stylised letters. 24. JETER Inverted letters to be read with the help of a mirror. 7 Page #202 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ Typology of Jain Manuscripts 187 . Foot-notes : 1. J. P. Losty - The Art of the Book in India - The British Library, London, 1982 p. 5 2. Moti Chandra and Umakant Shah - New Documents of Jaina Painting, Shri Mahavira Jaina Vidyalaya, Bombay, 1975 p. 1 3. Chandramani Singh and Mukund Lath, Kalpasutra, Prakrit Bharati, Jaipur, Vol. I, 1977 p. XI. 4. See also Kumarapala Pratibodha, Gackwad Oriental Series, Baroda Vol. 14. Jayasimha Siddharaj (1093-1143 A.D.) is said to have employed about three hundred scribes to copy-out books on religions and secular matters for the Imperial Library. 5. Ob-cit 6. Karl Khandalavala and Moti Chandra, New Documents of Indian Painting (a reappraisal) Bombay 1969, Col. pl. 2 7. Ibid Col. pl. 4 8. Ibid Col Pl. S 9. Karl Khandalavala and Moti Chandra, An Illustrated Aranyaka Parvan in the Asiatic Society of Bombay, Bombay 1974 see colophon Fig. 5 10. Muni Punyavijayji, Jaisalmer ni Chitrasamriddhi (Gujarati) Ahmedabad 1951 and Supasanahachariyamni Hasta-likhit Pothi ma na rangin chitro (Gujarati) Acharya Shri Vijayvallabh Suri Smaraka Grantha, Bombay, 1956 pp. 176-180 ll. I am obliged to Shri Laxmanbhai Bhojak of the L. D. Institute of Indology, Ahmedabad and acknowledge the courtesy of the L.D. Institute of Indology. Page #203 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 21. ART AND TECHNIQUE OF PRESENTATION OF MANUSCRIPTS PROF. S. G. KANTAWALA Since the beginning of Indological Studies in India and abroad there has been a growing awareness about the importance of mass, their collection, survey, presentation, editing, etc. The importance of mass for the recovery of India's past is immense in addition to archaeological finds. It is well-known that the critical edition of Sanskrit, Prakrit, etc. texts is a rare one non of any previous and reliable study and research related to the works concerned. In a sense art of writing and manuscript go together, because the verable manuscript literature means "handwritten", it is an objective and is desirable from L. manus hand and L. Scribe to write. The existence of writing material is as old as the Indus valley civilisation with reference to India. With this therefore is connected the account of writingmaterial used by scribes through the ages. Various materials have been used for writing purpose since older times and a brief mention of the same will not be out of place here: Stones of various kinds, shells metals, e.g. copper, gold, silver, iron, brinks, earthen material lay-tablets, 188 Page #204 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ Art and Technique of Presentation of Manuscripts 966 wooden boards or wooden tablets (Phalva) - semetines wooden boards tablets made of sandal wood, -- skims : it is hazardous to think skim or hids as a Haidu writers material because of its being considered : impure, it was used for official documents, cottoncloth (pata, patika, karpasikapara) silk-cloth. Kadatam is a kind of cloth used by canarese traders; birch-bark (bhavya-patra) or the inner birch-bark of the Bhurjatree, palm leaves which are of two types (a) corypha umbravali fare and (b) Borassus flabellifere. The former is hidigneous to India and the latter is probably introduced from Africa; aguru-patra (alve-bank); and paper; the quality of the paper is an indicator to the age of the ms. Link seems to have been used for writing purpose from very early times. It may be from the himself Indus valley civilisation, as a threiomorphic jar from Mohenjo-Daro is interpreted as an ink-well. The ink used may be black or coloured. Ink and its contents are important, when used as a writing material on leaf-mss and paper-mss. In addition to chalk, which was used for writing on wooden-boards, red lead and minimum hingula are amongst the Rubshitates for ink, the lekhant is an instrument of writing and this includes stitus, pencils, brushes, reed, wooden pens, etc. The aforegoing brief survey of writing materials can be classified into two broad categories : (i) material which is not easily perishable like stone, etc. and (b) easily perishable material like paper mss, leaf-mss, etc. They contain mostly the literary works etc. We are Page #205 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 190 hastapratavidyA ane Aga sAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana concerned here with the record category of the writing material. The problem of the presentation of the above said recened category of material touches also on the location of the building housing such mss i.e. msslibrary and archives. In ancient times it was generally located in a place which was free from the adverse effects of the monsoon climate and the extreme heat of summer. The walls of such building are desired to be not sent. In modern times mass-libraries and archives in industrialised towns and either are to be situated, where they are generally mostly free from various effects, e.g. of sulphur dioxide, sulphmetal hydrogen and other acidic gases, or are to be equipped with facilities which annul the damaging effects. There should be a good free movement of pure air beneficial in the presentation and protection of mass. The religious literature of ancient India viz. Vedic and allied texts are preserved in a great degree of purity through oral transmission which has several stiff techniques of preserving the purity of the text. The transition from and transmission to written or even mental transmission came about gradually. The nature of the writing material used in ancient and medieval India is not everlasting. It is well-known that the majority of Indian mass are not earlier than the 10th century A.d. and most of them are later than the 13th century A.D. Paper mass are not earlier then the 13th century A.D., where as the palm-leaf or birdsbank mass include mass which are a little earlier. The texts that have came down to mass were copied for the most Page #206 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ Art and Technique of Presentation of Manuscripts 969 part on birdsbank, palm-leaf and paper. Their early perishability in camparison with the material like stone is well-known. Hence, there is a need for protection against wear and tear of the mass concerned. The simple but a delicate means of preservation of a ms/ mss against wear and tear once also as a remedy to satisfy the desire and/or demand of other persons to how these texts was to have these ms/mss copied manually. It is well-known that some years back there was a practice of supporting a transcript when the mass could not be lent outside the premises of the mass-library. Now the matters have changed. Puranas refer is the donation of transcripts of various Punayas. The Matsya-Punya (ch. 53) recommends the copynis of various Puranas and their gift to the deserving ones and this act was calculated to earn religious merit. Rajasekhara, the author of the Kavyamimamsa, is quite alive to the problem of preservation and multiplication of an antograph or a mass i.e. to have more transcript and he says categorically, "Prabandham aneka darsa gatani kunyat" (Kavya Mimamsa. Gos. No. 1, p. 53) i.e." The poet should prepare several transcripts or get them prepared of his compsitan as soon as the final touches have been given, under these circumstances more antrographs or transcripts are available and chances of computer are extremely far. Some ancient unknown writers have suggested the following measures for the protection and preservation of mass and they deserve to be applied mutatis mutandis even in modern times: Page #207 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 192 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana i.e. to say, a mass is to be preserved from water, watery area, humid and damp atmosphere paud area, a fool, whose careving or binding, fire, rats, wind and thieves. It is to be protected with great care, caution and effort. For protections from fire, mass, if not all, at least precious and rare mass should be kept in a fire proof Mass or safes. It is a matter of gratification to note here that the Oriental Institute, Baroda is fortunate to have a fire proof rare donated by the ragacious and foresighted ruler the late Sir Sayajirav III Gaekwad, the founder of the Oriental Institute, which the royal family used to the protection and safety of their valuables. Passively a reference may be made a Jain made by which the original or old ownership as well as the new ownership of a mass was maintained and recenled, when it changed hands, i.e. when a manuscript later came into possession of another monk, mostly of a different lineage (gaccha, etc.) care was taken to record the ownership. With reference to Jains it may be noted that pims Jains, whether male or female, devotees acquired and protected an older ms/mass and then either gave it/them as gift to a Jain monk/monks or deposited it/them in a manuscript library. It is happy to note that this practice is still prevalent. For the protection and preservation of angular peinis/corner points and border-sides of palm-leaf or birde-bank or aloe-bank mass a special care was taken wooden covers were cut according to the size of the folios of the leaf-mass concerned and they lower; and Page #208 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ Art and Technique of Presentation of Manuscripts 123 it string was passed through the two holes pierced through to keep them in proper order. These wooden covers known as Pattikas or Patatis are sometimes painted and decorated with different designs or seemes in different colours. Such covers have a cultural and religious significance. The mass with wooden book-covers were tightly tied up in a strong thick piece of cloth mostly the khadi-cloth with a string tightly tied round about and this is made dear in the light of a gain peverb which says that the mass are to be bound as tightly as an enemy would be bound tightly to gain no scope for freedom or wishful movement. This was done so as an antidote against the possible impact of damp or moist climate. To protect from the harmful effect of climatic warerings such bundles were locked in a from with stone-walls and bundles were placed on the shneshelves. In this connection in Jesalmer and Nagpur, sometimes the bundles were kept in wooden boxes for protection from climatic variations. The wooden even are mostly made of teakared (Guj. Saga) or sisom (Guj Sisama) wood. Incidentally it may be mentioned that for protecting the mass from the wearing effect of a thumb or other fingers as well as an avil to memory of the reader where he/she stopped in reading page-protectors and page-markers were also used. In brief the above going points refer to the protection and presentation of mass from heat, cold and Page #209 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 188 hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya saMzodhana ane saMpAdana 196 moisture, hence, now in modern times the mass are to be kept in an aircourtoned, from when these faithties are available. There are possibilities of the folios be they of the birch-bank or the palm-leaf mass or the paper-mass getting stuck with one another due to humidity, moisture, etc. Under these circumstances getting them separated straight involves the possibility of the damage to the mass concerned. For separat them, a wet piece of cloth is to be put award it for the required time, and then with great care the folios under reference are to be separated the gutala powder is also used, in the sticking in due to gum-effect in ink. In this context the festival of the Jnanapancham also known as the Labhapanchama, which falls on the fifth day of the bright half of the month of Karttika, may be mentioned. It has a special significance in the Jain community. The Jains celebrate this day as a religious festival day to offer worship to the mass-wealth. It is significant to note that this day falls, when the climate has become dry after the rainy season. To protect the mass from the damage that may be careful by insects like silver-fish, white ants, fangia etc. Powder of shell pieces of a acrons known as ugagnadha in Sanskrit and ghodavaja in Gujarati is recommend. As it is oily in nature, the powder or the pieces are to be put in a small piece of cloth to avoid dote etc. occurring on the folios of the ms. Moreover, camphor-tablets, naphthaline balls, D.D.T. powder (dichlor - diphenyl- trichlorethane powder), gamexine Page #210 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ Art and Technique of Presentation of Manuscripts 964 - powder etc. are good insecticides. Citronella oil is applied to birch-bank or palm leaf mas to maintain their life. In the absence of the modern facility of famigative the mss, they were treated with the gaseous effect of thiamol xeroxing - process is an easy help towards the preservation of mss by taking out their xerox-copies; but in this process the tolive get heated and heat is likely to reduce the life-span of the mots. It is, therefore, that this method is to reserved carefully. More transcripts should be taken out from the first xerox-manuscripts and not from the original. Photo stret-copies, photo-filming, and microfisch are also relevant means in the preservation and protection of mss. Lamination is also a presentation and protective measure, but it has its own limitations. Computerisation is another process in the programme of preservation and protection of mss; but it is to be noted that it involves limitation of a reading/readings being recorded from the mss as interpreted by the computerising scholar. In present the contribution of descriptive catalogues of mss towards the presentation and protection of mss in their way is to be recognised. The National Archives (Delhi) is an important institution who trains persons in the art of techniques. There were in brief some of the old and modern techniques of preserving and protecting the mss. wealth. Page #211 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 196 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana Foot-notes 1. Katre, S. M. Introduction to Textual Criticism, Poone, 1954 2. Nawab Sarabhai Manilal (Editor & Publisher) : Jaina Citra Kalpadruma, Vol. I (Gujarati), Ahmedabad, 1936. 3. Rajasekhar, Karya Mimamsa, Gos, Vol. I, Third Edition, Edited by Pt. K. S. Ramaswamisastri, Baroda, 1934. 4. Sarma, S. Rajsekhara, Writing Material in Ancient India, Aligarh Governal of Oriented Studies, Vol. II, No. 1-2, 1985, edited by U.C. Sharma & Others (Prof. Ram Suresh Tripathi commemora tion Volume). Aligarh. 5. Shah U. P., A Painted Wooden Book-cover in the Collection of the Oriented Institute, JOJB - 25-3-4, 1976. 6. Srimannayan Murti M., Methodology in Indological Research, Delhi, 1991. Page #212 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ pariziSTa - 1 pUjya muni zrI puNyavijayajI saMpAdita graMtho 1. muni rAmacandrakRta kaumudImitrAnaMda nATaka, 1917 2. muni rAmabhadrakRta prabuddharauhiNeya nATaka, 1918 3. zrImanmeghaprabhAcAryaviracita dharmabhyaya (chAyAnATaka), 1918 4. gurutattvavinizcaya, 1925 5. upAdhyAya zrI yazovijayakRta aindrastuticaturvizatikA, 1928 6. vAcaka saMghadAsagaNiviracita vasudeva-hiSThi, 1930-31 7. karmagraMtha (bhAga 1-2), 1934-40 8. bRhatkalpasUtra - niryuktibhASyavRttiyukta (bhAga 1-6), 1933-38 tathA - 1942 9. bhAratIya jaina zramaNa saMskRti ane lekhanakalA, 1935 10. pUjya zrI jinabhadragaNikSamAzramaNaviracita jItakalpasUtra svopallabhASya sahita, 1938 11. kalikAlasarvajJa zrI hemacandrAcAryapraNIta sakalArtastotra zrI kanakakuzalagaNiviracita vRtti yukta, 1942 12. zrI devabhadrasUrikRta kathAratnakoza, 1944 13. zrI udayaprabhasUrikRta dharmAlyudayamahAkAvya, 1949 14. kalikAlasarvajJa zrI hemacandrAcAryapraNIta triSaSTizalAkApuruSacaritra mahAkAvya (parva 2, 3, 4), 1950 15. jesalameranI citrasamRddhi, 1951 16. kalpasUtra - niryukti, cUrNi, TippaNa, gurjara anuvAda sahita, 1952 17. aMgavijA, 1957 18. somezvarakRta kIrtikaumudI tathA arisiMhakRta sukRtasaMkIrtana, 1961 19. sukRtakIrtikallolinyAdi vastupAla-prazastisaMgraha, 1961 20. somezvarakRta ullAgharAghavanATaka, 1961 197 Page #213 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 198 hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana 21. Descriptive Catalogue of palm-leaf Mss. in the Shantinath Bhandar Cambay, Vol. 1-ll, 1961-1966 22. Catalogue of Sanskrit and Parkrit Mss. of L. D. Institute of Indology, Parts I-IV, (1963,1965,1968,1972) 23. zrI nemicandrAcAryakRta AkhyAnakamaNikoza, AmradevasUriSkRta vRtti sahita, 1962 24. zrI haribhadrasUriSkRta yogazataka svopajJavRttiyukta; tathA brahmasiddhAMtasamuccaya, 1965 25. somezvarakRta rAmazataka, 1966 26. nandIsUtra - cUrNi sahita, 1966 27. nandIsUtra - vividha vRtti yukta, 1966 28. AcArya hemacandrakRta nighazeSa, zrI zrIvallabhagaNikRta TIkA sahita, 1968 29. naMdisutta aNuogaddArAI ca, 1968 30. jJAnAMjali (mahArAjazrInA dIkSAparyAyaSaSTipUrti samAroha prasaMge pragaTa thayela mahArAjazrInA lekhono tathA mahArAjazrIne aMjali ApatA lekhono saMgraha), 1969 31. pannavaNAsutta (prathama bhAga), 1969 32. pannavaNAsutta (dvitIya bhAga), 1971 33. jesalamerajJAnabhADArasUcipatra, 1972 34. pattanajJAnabhADArasUcipatra, bhAga-1, 1973 35. dasakAlIyasutta agastyasiMha cUrNi sahita, 1973 36. sUtrakRtAMga cUrNi bhAga-1, 1973 37. kavi rAmacandrakRtanATakasaMgraha (chapAya che) Page #214 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ pariziSTa - 2 puNyavijayajI vize jJAnopAsaka zramaNonI prAcIna paraMparAne muni zrI puNyavijayajIe supere sAcavI hatI. hemacandrasUrijI, zAlibhadrasUrijI ane yazovijayajInI ujjavala paraMparAne potAnI jJAnopAsanA dvArA emaNe opa Apyo hato. svAdhyAya, saMzodhana ane prakAzana dvArA e AkhIya paraMparAne arvAcIna saMdarbhamAM samRddha ane zobhApUrNa banAvI hatI. zrI surendrabhAI kApaDiyA munizrI eka UMcI koTinA vaktA, prabhAvaka vyAkhyAtA hatA tema ja aitihAsika ane sAMskRtika viSayonAM pAsAMone dIpta karanAra hatA. emanI vANI RtaMbharA, arthaprabodhI ane ahaMbhAva vagaranI hatI. AvA ni:spRhI jJAnIne AcArya padavI ApavAnI vAraMvAra vinaMti thavA chatAM, temaNe vinaya ane namratAthI tenAM asvIkAra karI tyAganI bhAvanA mUrtimaMta karI hatI. emanA munijIvananA yama-niyama-saMyamathI vIryavAna banelI buddhizakti ane dhananA aparigrahane laIne maLevI udAratAno lAbha vidyAkSetrane je maLyo che, te anokho che. 'jainazakti' dainika, muMbaI : 19-06-71 pUjya muni zrI puNyavijayajI mahArAjanA kALadharmathI jaina saMskRtie eka amUlya ratna gumAvI dIdhuM che. jesalamera, pATaNa, khaMbhAta, amadAvAda vagere sthAnonA jaina pustaka bhaMDArone suvyavasthita karavAnI tAkAta temanA sivAya bIjA koInI na hatI. nAmanAthI sadA dUra rahIne teo satata kAryamAM ja gUMthAyelA rahetA hatA. AcArya padavI levA mATe teone aneka vAra vinaMtI karavAmAM AvI hatI, paNa teoe eno svIkAra karyo na hato. teonA kAmane lIdhe paradezamAM paNa teonI nAmanA thaI hatI. pUjya puNyavijayajI mahArAje 199 Page #215 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 200 hastapratavidyA ane Agama sAhitya: saMzodhana ane saMpAdana AgamonuM saMzodhana karavAnuM svIkAryuM ane zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaye e yojanAne pUrI karavAnI taiyArI batAvI e bahu sAruM thayuM. zeTha zrI kastUrabhAI lAlabhAI paramapUjya, AgamaprabhAkara, zrutazIlavAridhi munivarya zrI puNyavijayajI mahArAja zrutaparAgamI vidvAna munivara hatA. ane teozrInI jJAnoddhArane lagatI anekavidha pravRttio teonI Adarza vyutabhaktinI kIrtigAthA banI rahe evI hatI. teoe potAnA 62 varasa jeTalA dIrgha dIkSA paryAya daramyAna jIvanabhara jJAnopAsanA, zAstrasaMzodhana, jJAnapracAra ane jJAnanI bahumUlya sAmagrInA rakSaNanuM saMghopakAraka kArya pUrI niSThA ane ekAgratAthI karatAM rahIne, potAnA dAdAguruzrInA tathA guruzrInA jJAnoddhAranA saMskAravArasAne vizeSa gauravazALI banAvyo hato. zrI jaina prApya vidyA bhavana, amadAvAda teo mAtra eka vyakti nahIM paNa jIvaMta saMsthArUpa hatA. - pUjya muni zrI kIrticaMdravijayajI muni zrI puNyavijyajI ma. nuM nAma smRtimAM AvavAnI sAthe ja jANe ke purAtattva, AgamaprakAzana, prAcIna hastapratonA bhaMDAro kalpanAmAM UbharAvA lAge, emanuM jIvana jJAnanI satata upAsanAmAM otaprota thayeluM dekhAya, emanI adbhuta kAryazakti, saraLatA ane saumyatA aMtarane bhaktibhAvathI sparzI jAya. - jaina prakAza' sAptAhika muMbaI : 15-1962 teoe saMpAdita karela bRhatkalpabhASyanI kIrtimaMdira samI AvRttino nirdeza huM ahIM karavA icchuM chuM. bhAratamAM jeo atyAra sudhI saMzodhita nahIM thayela graMthone prakAzita karavAnI taiyArI karI rahyA che te sarvane mATe A AvRtti eka namUnAnI garaja sAre evI che. Page #216 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ pariziSTa - 3 jJAnopAsanAnuM bahumAna : mahArAjazrIe potAnI nirAbhimAna, saraLa ane udAra jJAnasAdhanAne kAraNe, deza-videzanA vidvAnomAM je cAhanA ane Adara meLavyAM hatAM, te kharekhara virala hatAM. nIcenI vigatane mahArAjazrInI jJAnopAsanA taraphanA bahumAnanA pratIkarUpa lekhI zakAya - 1. koI jAtanI DigrI nahIM hovA chatAM mahArAjazrIne pIeca. DI. mATenA mahAnibaMdhanA parIkSaka nImavAmAM AvyA hatA. che. gujarAtI sAhitya pariSadanuM 20muM adhivezana sane 1959mAM amadAvAdamAM maLyuM tyAre itihAsa-purAtatva vibhAganA pramukha tarIke teonI varaNI karavAmAM AvI hatI. 3. bhAvanagaranI zrI yazovijyajI jaina graMthamALAe yojela vi. saM. 2009nI sAlano zrI vijyadharmasUri jaina sAhitya suvarNacaMdraka mahArAjazrIne arpaNa karavAmAM Avyo hato. vi. saM. 2010mAM vaDodarAnA zrIsaMghe teone AgamaprabhAkara'nI sArthaka padavI arpaNa karI hatI. 5. oNla inDiyA oNrienTala kaoNnpharansanA sane 1961mAM kAzmIramAM maLela ekavIsamA adhivezananA prAkRta ane jainadharma vibhAganA adhyakSa tarIke mahArAjazrInI varaNI karavAmAM AvI hatI. sane 1970mAM amerikAnI dhI amerikana oNrienTala sosAyaTInA mAnada sabhya banavAnuM virala bahumAna mahArAjazrIne maLyuM hatuM. 7. vi.saM. 2007mAM, muMbaImAM, varalImAM thayelI pratiSThA vakhate caturvidha zrIsaMghanI hAjarImAM AcArya zrI vijayasamudrasUrijI mahArAje teozrIne "zratazIlavAridhi' nI yathArtha padavI ApI hatI. mahArAjazrInI jIvanavyApI nirbheLa vidyApravRtti, paragaju ane pAragAmI vidvattA, jJAnoddhAranI anekavidha satyavRtti, Adarza sahRdayatA ane UrdhvagAmI sAdhutAne ja A hArdika aMjali lekhavI joIe. dhanya e sAdhutA ane dhanya e vidvattA ! 201 Page #217 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ hastapratavidyA ane AgamasAhitya : saMzodhana ane saMpAdana pUjya puNyavijayajI mahArAjanA 62 cAturmAsanI yAdI (kausa bahArano aMka cAturmAsanuM ane kausamAMno aMka vi.saM. nuM sUcana kare che.) 202 amadAvAda-37,38 (2001, 2002), 41 (2005), 44 thI 53 (2008 thI 2017), 55 thI 59 (2019 thI 2023) kapaDavaMja-54 (2018) kheDA-4 (1968) jAmanagara-16, 17 (1980, 1981) jesalamera-42 (2006) DabhoI-1 (1965) -paheluM comAsuM pATaNa-5, 6, 7, (1969, 1970, 1971), 20 thI 36 (1984 thI 2000) pAlitANA-11, 12 (1975, 1976) bIkAnera-43 (2007) bhAvanagara-13, 14 (1977, 1978) muMbaI-9 (1973)-,61, 62 (2025, 2026) - chelluM comAsuM lIMbaDI-15 (1979), 19 (1983) vaDodarA-8 (1972), 10 (1974), 39, 40 (2003, 2004), 60 (2024) vaDhavANakaeNmpa (surendranagara)-18 (1982) surata-2, 3 (1966, 1967) Page #218 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ gUjarAta vidyApIThanuM jaina-bauddha sAhitya 110-00 10-00 1. itivRttaka buddhavacano niraMjanabhAI trivedI 2. jaina zabdAvalI saM. DaoN. zekharacaMdra jaina DaoN. niraMjanA vorA zobhanA zAha 3. tattvArthasUtra saM. 5. sukhalAlajI 4. dravyasaMgraha niraMjanA vorA 5. dhammapada dharmAnaMda kosaMbI 6. dhammapada-navanIta 7. zrI paMcAstikAyasaMgraha niraMjanA vorA 8. pAlibhASA paricaya 9. buddhacarita dharmAnaMda kosaMbI 10. bauddhasaMghano paricaya dharmAnaMda kosaMbI 11. bhagavAna mahAvIranA 10 upAsako gopALadAsa paTela 12. bhagavAna mahAvIranI dharmakathAo gopALadAsa paTela 13. mahAvIra svAmIno aMtima upadeza gopALadAsa paTela 14. mahAvIra svAmIno AcAradharma gopALadAsa paTela 15. mahAvIra svAmIno saMyamadharma gopALadAsa paTela 16. samAdhimArga dharmAnaMda kosaMbI 17. samIsAMjano upadeza gopALadAsa paTela 18. saMkSipta buddhakathA 19. suttanidhi 20. suttanipAta 21. sthAnAMga-samavAyAMga saM. dalasukha mAlavaNiyA 22. zrI kuMdakuMdAcAryanAM traNa ratno gopALadAsa paTela | 23. zrI mahAvIra kathA gopALadAsa paTela 24. zrI rAjacaMdra gopALadAsa paTela 25. zrImad rAjacaMdra ane gAMdhIjI mukulabhAI kalArthI 26. Jaina Theory of Knowledge Mohanlal Mehta 27. majijhamanikAya : samIkSAtmaka adhyayana niraMjanA vorA 125-00 20-00 50-00 20-00 30-00 75-00 65-00 60-00 45-00 90-00 45-00 27-00 30-00 25-00 30-00 20-00 20-00 100-00 10-00 12-00 100-00 125-00 50-00 50-00 (presamAM) prAptisthAna : navajIvana prakAzana maMdira , po. navajIvana, amadAvAda - 380014 Price Rs. 125-00 For Private & Personal Use O ISBN : 81-86445-61