Sramana 1999 01

Author(s): Shivprasad
Publisher: Parshvanath Vidhyashram Varanasi
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/525036/1

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zramaNa SRAMANA svarNajayantI varSa janavarI - mArca, 1999 I0) vidyApI pAzrvanAtha bArApAsA pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI PARSVANATHA VIDYAPITHA, VARANASI.

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zramaNa pArzvanAtha vidyApITha kI traimAsika zodha-patrikA varSa 50, aMka 1-3 pradhAna sampAdaka prophesara sAgaramala jaina sampAdaka DaoN0 zivaprasAda prakAzanArtha lekha - sAmagrI, samAcAra, vijJApana evaM sadasyatA Adi ke lie samparka kareM sampAdaka zramaNa janavarI - mArca 1999 pArzvanAtha vidyApITha AI0 TI0 AI0 mArga karauMdI po0 A0 bI0 eca0 yU0 vArANasI 221005 ( u0 pra0 ) dUrabhASa : 316521, 318046 phaiksa : 0542318046 ISSN 0972-1002 vArSika sadasyatA zulka : ru0 150.00 : ru0 100.00 25.00 saMsthAoM ke lie vyaktiyoM ke lie isa aMka kA mUlya : ru0 AjIvana sadasyatA zulka 1: ru0 1000.00 saMsthAoM ke lie vyaktiyoM ke lie : ru0 500.00 : sadasyatA zulka kA ceka yA DrAphTa kevala pArzvanAtha vidyApITha ke nAma se hI bhejeN|

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zrAmANA prastuta aMGka meM pRSTha saMkhyA bhAratIya darzana meM tanAva-avadhAraNA ke vividha rUpa 1-8 pro0 surendra varmA jainayoga meM anuprekSA 9-15 samaNI maMgalaprajJA jaina sAhitya aura darzana meM prabhAcandra kA yogadAna 16-20 zivAkAnta vAjapeyI ajarAmara svAmI 21-26 DaoN0 ramaNalAla jI zAha, anu0- zrI bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA jogaratnasAra (yogaratnasAra) 27-44 zrImatI DaoN0 munI jaina chanda kI dRSTi se titthogAlI ..... 45-59 atula kumAra prasAda siMha bIsavIM sadI ke jaina Andolana 60-70 DaoN0 kamaleza kumAra jaina jaina vidyA ke vikAsa ke hetu racanAtmaka kAryakrama 71-78 dulIcandra jaina sAhu saraNaM pavajjAmi 79-82 DaoN0 pAnamala surANA kAMgar3A ke aitihAsika kile .. 83-84 zrI mahendra kumAra 'masta' elorA kI jaina sampadA 85-87 Ananda prakAza zrIvAstava tapAgaccha-vijayasaMvigna zAkhA kA itihAsa 88-106 zivaprasAda nAgapurIyatapAgaccha kA itihAsa 107-121 zivaprasAda The Image of Indian Etholohy 122-136 Rajmal Jain sAhitya satkAra 137-149 jaina jagata 150-158 nibandha pratiyogitA 159-162 Composed at: Rajesh Computers, Jal Prakash Nagar, Vns. Ph. 220599

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bhAratIya darzana meM tanAva-avadhAraNA ke vividha-rUpa (jaina-darzana ke vizeSa saMdarbha meM) ____ DaoN0 surendra varmA* Adhunika artha meM tanAva kI avadhAraNA, bhAratIya saMskRti aura paraMparA meM sahaja rUpa se nahIM dekhI jA sakatI; kiMtu tanAva ke lagabhaga-samAnArthaka zabda aura milatI-julatI bhAvanAoM kA saMdarbha hameM kaI darzanoM/dArzanikoM meM upalabdha hai| carakasaMhitA, pAtaMjala-yogasUtra, zrImadbhagavadgItA ityAdi kRtiyoM meM tathA sAMkhya, bauddha aura jaina darzanoM meM tanAva zabda kA binA upayoga kie hue, tanAva kI ora saMketa karane vAlI aneka avadhAraNAe~ prApta ho sakatI haiN| duHkha, kleza, bhaya ityAdi aneka bhAva bahuta kucha 'tanAva' ke samAnArthaka haiN| udAharaNa ke lie sarvaprathama hama 'kleza' ko hI leN| kleza yoga-darzana meM kleza ke kSaya ke lie kriyA-yoga batAyA gayA hai| yaha kleza ko dagdhakara, dagdha-bIja ke samAna use zakti-hIna banA detA hai| yaha bahutakucha 'sTresa eNDa barnaAuTa'2 kI avadhAraNA ke samAna hai| yahA~ yaha dhyAna dene yogya hai ki kleza eka aisA uddIpaka (sTimulasa) hai jo viparIta mAnasika vRtti ko janma detA hai vaha hamArI mAnasikatA para tanAva (yA, dabAva-sTresa) kI taraha eka bojha ke samAna hai| hameM yaha karma karane ke lie rokatA hai| yaha eka avarodha hai jo manovaijJAnika rUpa se udvelita karatA hai| kleza aneka staroM para aneka prakAra se kAma karatA hai| yoga-darzana meM cAra prakAra ke kleza batAe gae haiN| ye haiM- prasapta, tanu, vicchinna aura udaar| prasupta vaha kleza hai jo bIja rUpa meM tanAva-kSamatA kI taraha sthita hai| vyakti yA paristhitiyA~ sadaiva tanAva-yukta nahIM rhtiiN| kucha mAnasika/sAmAjika sthitiyA~ tanAva ke anukUla hotI haiN| unameM kleza paidA karane kI sAmarthya hotI hai| aisI sthitiyoM ko hI prasuptakleza kahA gayA hai| tanu kleza jaisA nAma se spaSTa hai, kSINa-tanAva hai| yaha tanAva kI dUsarI avasthA hai| isameM tanAva spaSTata: upasthita to hai kintu usakI pratikriyAtmaka zakti adhika nahIM hai| vicchinna kleza kuTila kleza hai| yaha anyonya virodhI bhAvanAoM ko janma detA hai| kleza kI antima avasthA udAra hai| vicchinna kleza jabaki eka manovaijJAnika dvandva kI sthiti utpanna kara vyakti ko tor3atA hai, udAra kleza vyakti kI mAnasikatA meM pUrI taraha vyApta ho jAtA hai| kleza kI uttarottara *pUrva upanidezaka, pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vaaraannsii|

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bhAratIya darzana meM tanAva-avadhAraNA ke vividha-rUpa citra.1 - kleza kI avasthAyeM prasupta (1) kleza udAra (4)/ ( vicchinna (3) kaThina hotI jA rahI avasthAoM ko nimnalikhita citra dvArA batAyA jA sakatA hai| duHkha jisa prakAra yoga-darzana meM hama tanAva ke rUpa meM kleza kI avadhAraNA pAte haiM, usI taraha sAMkhya-darzana meM da:kha vyakti aura usake sAMsArika pariveza ke bIca paraspara sambandha se utpanna hotA hai| tanAva bhI jaisA ki Adhunika vyAkhyAkAroM kA mata hai aMtata: kahIM na kahIM zakti-sambandhoM se jur3I huI vastu hI hai| zrama-pUMjI sambandha, pArivArika sambandha, liMga-bheda se utpanna sambandha Adi hI tanAva ko janma dete haiN|' sAMkhya darzana meM du:kha rUpa meM, aise tIna prakAra ke tanAvoM kA ullekha haA haiAdhyAtmika, Adhibhautika aura aadhidaivik| AdhyAtmika duHkha vyaktigata tanAva hai jo AMtara-vaiyaktika sambandhoM (iNTrAparsanala rilezansa) se utpanna hai| jaba vyakti ke mana meM do virodhI bhAvanAoM kA dvandva hotA hai to isase AdhyAtmika duHkha janma letA hai| Adhibhautika duHkha vyakti aura anya prANiyoM (bhUtoM) ke bIca paraspara sambandha se utpanna hotA hai| isI prakAra Adhidaivika duHkha vaha tanAva hai jo vyakti (samAja) tathA tathAkathita daivI prakopoM-jina para vyakti kA vaza nahIM hotA jaise bAr3ha, A~dhI, bhUcAla, aura anya aisI hI vipadAeM Adi se janma letA hai| yadi AdhyAtmika du:kha iNTrAparsanala hai to Adhibhautika du:kha iNTarparsanala tathA adhibhautika duHkha ko envAyaranmaiMTala (pariveza sambandhI) kahA jA sakatA hai| duHkha AdhyAtmika Adhibhautika Adhidaivika citra (2) du:kha ke prarUpa

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 sAMkhya-darzana kI bhA~ti jaina darzana meM bhI duHkha ko lagabhaga tanAva kI taraha hI prastuta kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ kahA gayA hai ki aniSTa ke samAgama aura iSTa ke viyoga kA nAma du:kha hai- "aNiTThastha samAgamo iTThattha viyogo ca du:khaNAma'' (dhvlaa)| zArIrika, mAnasika Adi bheda se duHkha kaI prakAra kA hotA hai| prAya: zArIrika (rogAdi se utpanna) du:kha ko hI duHkha mAnA jAtA hai, para vAstava meM yaha sabase tuccha du:kha hai| usase Upara mAnasika (iSTa kA viyoga) aura sabase bar3A svAbhAvika ('sahaja'- kSadhAdi se utpanna hone vAlA duHkha) hotA hai jo vyAkulatA rUpa hai| du:kha kA vyAkulatA-rUpa honA hI vastuta: du:kha ko tanAva ke samAnArthaka banAtA hai| jaina darzana meM eka sthAna para du:kha ke cAra, balki kahanA cAhie, pA~ca prakAra batAe gaye haiN| inameM se prathama prakAra kA du:kha 'asura kumAroM dvArA diyA gayA du:kha hai| hama ise anadekhA kara sakate haiN| kiMtu tanAva kI dRSTi se zeSa cAra prakAra mahattvapUrNa haiN| ye haiM kramaza: (1) zArIrika-bhautika duHkha-jo rAga, kSudhA Adi se tanAva utpanna karate haiN| (2) mAnasika duHkha-jo kAmanAoM kI asaMtuSTi se vyAkulatA utpanna karate haiN| (3) kSetrIya duHkha-jo pariveza sambandhI kahe jA sakate haiM- jaise zItavAyu Adi se utpanna ksstt| inheM 'Akasmika', 'AgaMtuka' yA 'naimittika' bhI kahIM-kahIM kahA gayA hai| (4) anyonya duHkha-jo aMtara-vaiyaktika aura aMtara-sAmAjika sambandhoM se utpanna haiN| jaina darzana apane uparokta du:kha ke vargIkaraNa meM 'kSetrIya' aura 'anyonya' duHkhoM ko samAviSTa kara tanAva ke parivezIya aura sAmAjika pahaluoM para vizeSa bala detA hai| yahA~ yaha smaraNIya hai ki tanAva ke Adhunika vyAkhyAkAra bhI tanAva kI zArIrika-duHkha roga-kSudhAdi se utpatra kSetrIya/Akasmika athavA AgaMtuka naimittika/pariveza saMbaMdhI du:kha duHkha 25 se utpanna anyonya paraspara-sambandhoM / aniSTa ke saMyoga aura iSTa ke viyoga se utpatra mAnasika duHkha vyAkhyA meM kSetrIya/sAmAjika dRSTi ko hI adhika mahattvapUrNa mAnate haiN| ___ citra- (3) jaina darzana meM duHkha

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bhAratIya darzana meM tanAva - avadhAraNA ke vividha rUpa caraka saMhitA meM tanAva ko 'doSa' ke rUpa meM samajhA gayA hai| yahA~ vAta, pitta aura kapha- ye tIna prakAra ke doSa batAe gae haiN| ye doSa tabhI utpanna hote haiM jaba vAtAdi kA ucita samanvaya nahIM raha pAtA aura yaha tanAva kI sthiti vyakti ke svAsthya para viparIta bojha dabAva DAlatI hai| isa prakAra ye doSa tanAva kI ora hI saMketa karate haiN| tanAva kA vyakti ke svAsthya para anukUla prabhAva nahIM par3atA - yaha tathya Aja pUrNataH sthApita ho cukA hai| yadi yaha tanAva zArIrika- bhautika hai (jaise, vAta, pitta, kapha ke saMtulana meM kamI A jAnA) to bhI aura yaha yadi aMtara - vaiyaktika hai, athavA AdhyAtmika hai to bhii| isI prakAra jahA~ AdhyAtmika tanAva ghRNA, duHkha, bhaya, ISyA aura avasAda Adi kI bhAvAnAtmaka pratikriyAoM ke rUpa meM abhivyakti pAte haiM, vahIM Adhibhautika tanAva aMtarvaiyaktika saMgharSa, spardhA aura AkramaNa jaisI vyavahAragata pratikriyAe~ utpanna kara sakate haiN| tanAva vastuta: (1) uddIpaka (2) pratikriyA aura (3) aMtarkriyA ye tIna rUpoM meM dekhA jA sakatA hai|" uddIpaka ke rUpa meM tanAva manovaijJAnika / vyavahAragata parivartana utpanna karatA hai; pratikriyA ke rUpa meM vaha bhAvanAtmaka anubhUti aura AcaraNa saMbaMdhI parivartanoM kI ora saMketa karatA hai tathA aMtarkriyA ke rUpa meM vaha do yA do se adhika bhAva/vyakti/samAja Adi ke paraspara asaMtulita saMbaMdhoM kI ora iMgita karatA hai| tanAva kA yaha vizleSaNa bezaka Adhunika hai, lekina tanAva ke ye sabhI rUpa hameM uddIpaka tanAva pratikriyA prAcIna bhAratIya sAhitya meM bakhUbI dekhane ko mila sakate haiN| citra (4) tanAva ke rUpa jaisA ki citra meM saMketa kiyA gayA hai| aMtarkriyA (anyonya saMbandha) ke rUpa meM tanAva, uddIpaka (sTimulasa') bhI ho sakatA hai aura pratikriyA bhI / isI prakAra uddIpaka ke rUpa meM tanAva pratikriyA utpanna kara sakatA hai aura pratikriyA eka nayA uddIpaka bhI bana sakatI hai| una bhAvanAtmaka pratikriyAoM, jinheM sAmAnyataH tanAva (sTresa) kahA gayA hai, kA varNana kaI prakAra se kiyA gayA hai| inheM saMzaya, hatAzA, saMtrAsa, cintA, 4

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca 1999 tanAva, nairAzya, saMbhrama, bhaya, arakSA, Adi nAmoM se pukArA gayA hai|" manovaijJAnika ina anubhUtiyoM ko prAyaH pUrI taraha vaiyaktika mAnate haiN| hama yadi sUkSma vivecanA kareM to ye sabhI bhAvanAe~ hameM bhAratIya dArzanika sAhitya meM tanAva ke artha meM mila sakatI haiN| nimnalikhita paMktiyoM meM hama 'hiMsA' aura 'bhaya' ina do avadhAraNAoM kA adhyayana kreNge| hiMsA AcArAMga meM tanAva kA pradhAna kAraka (sTresara ) hiMsA ko mAnA gayA hai| hiMsA vaha uddIpaka hai jo tanAva ko uddIpta karatA hai| isake aneka rUpa aura prakAra ho sakate haiN| chedana-bhedana se lekara prANa- viyojana taka (chettA, bhettA, haMtA) sabhI hiMsA ke rUpa haiM jinase prANiyoM ko 'trAsa' (tAsa) pahu~catA hai| hiMsA yadi tanAva uddIpaka hai to trAsa usakI pratikriyAtmaka anubhUti hai| ve loga jo isa taraha kA trAsa dete haiM 'Atura' kahe gae haiN| Atura vaha vyakti hai jo hiMsA se duHkhI aura vyagra hai / apanI bImAra mAnasikatA se grasita aise vyakti prANiyoM ko sthAna-sthAna para paritApa dete haiM- 'tatya tattha puDho pAsa, AturA paritAveMti / yadi hama Adhunika zabdAvalI meM kaheM to AcArAMga ke anusAra tanAva - yukta puruSa hI 'Atura' hai, prANiyoM ko ( tanAva kI pratikriyA ke rUpa meM) 'paritApa' detA hai| puruSa kI AturatA jahA~ tanAva kAraka'sTresara' hai, vahIM 'paritApa' pratikriyAtmaka anubhUti hai jise tanAva ke rUpa meM vyAkhyAyita kiyA jA sakatA hai| uddIpaka ke rUpa meM 'Atura prANI' aura pratikriyA ke. rUpa meM 'paritApa'- ye hiMsA ke hI do rUpa haiN| hiMsA isa prakAra uddIpaka bhI hai aura pratikriyA bhI / yahI tanAva hai| hiMsA, hiMsaka ko 'Atura' hI nahIM banAtI vaha usake AcaraNa ko ahitakara aura nAsamajha (abodha) banA detI hai- 'taM se ahiyAe, taM se abohie'| 'ahita' aura 'abodha' hiMsA rUpI tanAva kI vyavahAragata pariNatiyA~ haiN| jahA~ taka hiMsA dvArA nirmita tanAva kA anubhUtiparaka pakSa hai use kaI taraha se varNita kiyA gayA hai| 'trAsa' aura 'paritApa' kI avadhAraNAe~ to prastuta kI hI gaI haiM, AtaMka bhI hiMsAtmaka tanAva kI pratikriyAtmaka anubhUti hai| AcArAMga hameM hiMsA meM 'ahita' ke atirikta jo 'AtaMka' nihita hai use dekhane ke lie bhI AmaMtrita karatA hai- 'AtaMka daMsI ahiyaM tinicyA 1" isI AtaMka ko 'mahAbhaya' bhI kahA gayA hai| kahA gayA hai ki hiMsA sabhI prANiyoM ke lie 'azAMti, asvAdya, mahAbhayaMkara aura dukhada' hotI hai- 'assAyaM, apariNivvANaM, mahAbhayaM, dukkhaM ti bemi' 99 / 10 yahA~ yaha draSTavya hai ki ahita, abodhi, paritApa, AtaMka, mahAbhaya,

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bhAratIya darzana meM tanAva-avadhAraNA ke vividha-rUpa azAMti, asvAdya, du:kha Adi sabhI dhAraNAeM uddIpaka aura pratikriyA, tanAva ke donoM hI rUpoM meM samajhI jA sakatI haiN| ahita rUpa meM hiMsA ahita kA uddIpaka bhI hai aura usakI pratikriyAtmaka anubhUti bhI hai athavA, kaheM- AcaraNa saMbaMdhI kriyA-vizeSatA bhI hai| yahI bAta anya dhAraNAoM ke prati bhI ghaTita hotI hai| bhaya __ bhaya bhI tanAva kI anubhUti kA eka varNana hai aura jainadarzana meM isakI vistRta vivecanA huI hai| bhaya ko paribhASita karate hue kahA gayA hai ki jisase hRdaya meM udvega hotA hai, vaha bhaya hai- 'ydudyaadudvegstttbhym'| bhaya ko bhIti bhI kaha sakate ihalokabhaya (1) paralokabhaya (2) atrANabhaya Akasmikabhaya bhaya ke rUpa (3) vedanAbhaya (6) aguptibhaya (4) maraNabhaya haiM- 'bhiitirbhyN'| bhaya ke sAta bheda batAe gae haiN|12 'ihapara-loyattANaM aguttimaraNaM ca veyaNAkasmi bhyaa| citra (5) bhaya ke bheda ihaloka-bhaya bhaya kI vaha AzaMkA hai jisase loga vyakti kA kucha burA kara sakate haiN| yaha kucha isa prakAra kA bhaya hai iSTa padArtha kA mujhase viyoga na ho jaave| paraloka-bhaya adRzya kA bhaya hai| patA nahIM isa jIvana ke bAda kyA hogA? paraloka kA yahI saMzaya sAlatA hai| atrANa-bhaya vaha hai jisameM vyakti usa duHkhada anubhUti se gujaratA hai ki kahIM ve sabhI vastue~ jo surakSA kara rahI haiM, chIna na lI jAeM aura vyakti asurakSita raha jaae|

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 agupti-bhaya anAvRta ho jAne kA bhaya hai| cAroM ora se khulA pradeza isa prakAra kA bhaya utpanna kara sakatA hai| mRtyu-bhaya jaisA nAma se hI spaSTa hai, apanI hI saMbhAvita mRtyu ke satat ciMtana se hone vAlA bhaya hai| vedanA-bhaya zarIra meM vAta pittAdi ke prakopa se Ane vAlI bAdhA se utpanna vedanA hai| moha ke kAraNa vipatti ke pahale hI karuNa-kraMdana vedanA-bhaya hai| maiM niroga ho jAU~, mujhe kabhI pIr3I na ho- isa prakAra kI mUrchA-athavA, bAra-bAra ciMtana-karanA vedanA-bhaya hai| Akasmika-bhaya ve naimittika yA kSetrIya bhaya haiM jo pariveza saMbaMdhI kisI bhI parivartana se utpanna hote haiM, jaise, abhI to maiM nirogI hU~ kintu koI yadi mahAmArI phaila gaI to kyA hogA? uparyukta sabhI prakAra ke bhaya yoM to sAmAnyata: sAdhAraNa vyaktiyoM ko kabhI na kabhI satAte hI haiM, kintu yadi ve aprakRta hokara asAmAnya bhItiyoM (phobiyA) bana jAveM to spaSTa hI ye sabhI tanAva kA rUpa le lete haiM aura inake nAma-jaise "mRtyu-bhaya' tanAva kA varNana ho jAte haiN| Adhunika asAmAnya manovijJAna ne bhI aneka prakAra kI bhItiyoM kI pahacAna kI hai|13 ye sabhI bhautiyA~ vibhinna prakAra ke tanAvoM kA vastuta: varNana hI haiN| tanAva Akhira anubhUti ke stara para eka 'vyagratA', 'udvega' yA 'AturatA' hI to hai| jaba hama isa udvega ko pahacAna jAte haiM to yahI 'paritApa', 'duHkha', 'kleza' aura 'bhaya' ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| saMdarbha aura TippaNiyA~ 1. 3. pAtaMjala yogasUtra, 2.3 DI0 ema0- pesTanajI-sTresa eNDa kopiMga, seja prakAzana, naI dillI 1992, pR0 15. pAtaMjalayogasUtra, 2.4 Tima nyUTana, 'mainejiMga sTresa', seja prakAzana, laMdana 1995. jainendrasiddhAntakoza, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, 1992, (bhAga-2) pesTana jI, uparyukta, pR0 15-16. nyUTana, pUrvokta, pR0 922. 6. pesTana 7.

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Ww 0 0 . . __ bhAratIya darzana meM tanAva-avadhAraNA ke vividha-rUpa Ayaro, lADanUM, saMvat 2036, pR0 15. vahI, pR0 8. vahI, pR0 42. vahI, pR0 36. jainendrasiddhAntakoza (bhAga 3), pR0 206. kucha bhItiyA~ (phobiyA) jinakI pahacAna kara lI gaI hai, nimnalikhita haiMAcro-Phobia- uccasthAna bhIti Agora-Phobia- khule sthAna kI bhIti, jise jaina darzana meM agupti-bhaya kahA gayA hai| pratIkAtmaka rUpa se yaha anAvRta ho jAne kA bhaya hai| Astra-Phobia- garaja-camaka kA bhaya Claustro-Phobia- rakta-bhIti Hydro-Phobia- jala-bhIti Noso-Phobia- roga bhIti, jise 'vedanA-bhaya' kahA gayA hai| ise Patho-Phobia- bhI kahate haiN| Phono-Phobia- svabhASa-bhIti Photo-Phobia- prakAza-bhIti Tapho-Phobia- dAhakarma bhIti Thanats-Phobia- mRtyu-bhiiti| isakI pahacAna bhI jaina darzana meM spaSTata: huI hai| Xeno-Phobia- videzI-bhIti Zoo-Phobia- prANI bhIti (yA bhUta-bhIti)

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jainayoga meM anuprekSA - samaNI maMgalaprajJA' yaha saMsAra zabda evaM arthamaya hai| zabda artha ke bodhaka hote haiN| artha vyaMgya evaM zabda vyaJjaka hotA hai| sAdhanA ke kSetra meM zabda evaM artha donoM kA hI upayoga hotA hai| sAdhana zabda ke mAdhyama se artha taka pahuMcatA hai tathA antata: artha ke sAtha usakA tAdAtmya sthApita hotA hai| artha se tAdAtmya sthApita hone se dhyeya, dhyAna evaM dhyAtA kA vaividhya samApta hokara unameM ekatva ho jAtA hai| usa ekatva kI anubhUti meM yoga paripUrNatA ko prApta hotA hai| isa ekatva kI avasthA meM cittavRttiyoM kA sarvathA nirodha ho jAtA hai| pAtaJjala yogadarzana ke anusAra yaha nirodha hI yoga hai| pUrNa samAdhi kI avasthA hai| jaina darzana meM yoga zabda kA artha hai pravRtti / mana, vacana evaM kAyA kI pravRtti ko yoga kahA gayA hai| jaina-tattva-mImAMsA meM zubhayoga, azubhayoga Adi zabda pracalita haiM, kintu prastuta prasaMga meM jainayoga zabda kA prayoga isa pravRttyAtmaka yoga ke lie nahIM huA hai| yahA~ yoga zabda jaina sAdhanA paddhati ke artha meM prayukta hai| Agama uttaravartI jaina sAhitya meM yoga kA tattvamImAMsIya artha pravRttyAtmakatA to svIkRta hI rahA sAtha meM sAdhanA ke artha meM bhI isakA prayoga hone lgaa| jaina AcAryoM ne sAdhanAparaka granthoM ke nAma yogazAstra Adi rakhe evaM yoga kA sAdhanAtmaka nAma sarvamAnya ho gyaa| AtmA kA siddhAnta sthira huA taba Atma-vikAsa ke sAdhanoM kA anveSaNa kiyA gyaa| Atma-vikAsa ke una sAdhanoM ko eka zabda meM mokSamArga yA yoga kahA gayA hai| vastuta: jaina sAdhanA paddhati kA nAma mokSamArga hai| A0 haribhadra ne kahA"mokkheNa joyaNAo jogo savvo vi dhammavAvAro" vaha sArA dhArmika vyApAra yoga hai jo vyakti ko mukti se jor3atA hai| yoga yA mokSamArga kevala pAralaukika hI nahIM hai kiMtu vartamAna jIvana meM bhI jitanI zAMti, jitanA caitanya sphurita hotA hai vaha saba mokSa hai| zAMti evaM caitanya kI sphuraNA ke lie jaina sAhitya meM anekoM upAyoM kA nirdeza hai| una upAyoM meM eka mahattvapUrNa upAya hai-anuprekSA / jaina Agama, tattvamImAMsIya evaM sAdhanAparaka sAhitya meM anuprekSA/bhAvanA ke siddhAnta kA mahattvapUrNa evaM vizad vivaraNa prApta hai| mokSamArga meM vairAgya kI abhivRddhi ke lie bAraha anuprekSAoM kA *jaina vizvabhAratI saMsthAna (mAnya vizvavidyAlaya) laaddnuuN|

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jainayoga meM anuprekSA varNana prasiddha hai| inheM bAraha vairAgya bhAvanA bhI kahate haiN| inake anucitaMna se vyakti bhogoM se nirviNNa hokara sAmya bhAva meM sthita ho sakatA hai| ___dhyAna kI parisampannatA ke pazcAt mana kI mUrchA ko tor3anevAle viSayoM kA anuciMtana karanA anuprekSA hai| anu evaM pra upasarga sahita IkSa dhAt ke yoga se anuprekSA zabda niSpanna huA hai, jisakA zAbdika artha hai- puna: puna: ciMtana karanA/ vicAra krnaa| prAkRta meM anuprekSA ke lie aNuppeTA, aNupehA, aNuvekkhA, aNuvehA, aNuppekkhA, aNupekkhA Adi zabdoM kA prayoga huA hai| ina sabakA saMskRta rUpAntaraNa anuprekSA hai| AcArya pUjyapAda ne zarIra Adi ke svabhAva ke anuciMtana ko anuprekSA kahA hai| svAmI kumAra ke abhimatAnusAra sutattva kA anuciMtana anuprekSA hai| anitya azaraNa Adi svarUpa kA bAra-bAra ciMtana, smaraNa karanA anuprekSA hai| anuprekSA tatva ciMtanAtmaka hai| dhyAna meM jo anubhava kiyA hai usake pariNAmoM para vicAra karanA anuprekSA hai| adhyAtma ke kSetra meM anuprekSA kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| anuprekSA ke vividha prayogoM se vyakti kI bahirmakhI cetanA antarmukhI bana jAtI hai| cetanA kI antarmukhatA hI adhyAtma hai, jIvana kA abhISTa lakSya hai| anuprekSA ke mahattva ko prakaTa karate hue AcArya kundakunda ne kahA hai ki jitane bhI bhUtakAla meM zreSTha puruSa siddha hue haiM evaM bhaviSya meM hoMge vaha saba bhAvanA kA hI mahattva hai| A0 padmanaMdi bArahaanuprekSA ke anuciMtana kI preraNA dete huye kahate haiM ki bAraha bhAvanA mahAn puruSoM ke dvArA sadA hI anuprekSaNIya hai| unakI anuciMtanA karmakSaya kA kAraNa hai| zubhacandrAcArya kahate haiM ki bhAvanA ke abhyAsa se kaSAyAgni zAMta, rAganaSTa evaM aMdhakAra vilIna ho jAtA hai tathA puruSa ke hRdaya meM jJAna rUpI dIpaka udbhAsita ho jAtA hai | tattvArthasUtra, kArtikeyAnuprekSA Adi granthoM meM anuprekSA ko saMvara dharma kA vizeSa hetu mAnA gayA hai| Agama meM eka sAtha bArasa anuprekSA kA ullekha nahIM hai kiMtu uttaravartI sAhitya meM unakA eka sAtha varNana hai| vArasa-aNuvekkhA, kArtikeyAnuprekSA, zAntasudhArasa-bhAvanA Adi granthoM kA nirmANa to mukhya rUpa se ina anaprekSAoM ke lie hI huA hai| tattvArthasUtra Adi meM bhI inakA paryApta vivecana upalabdha hai| zAnta sudhArasa Adi kucha granthoM kA nirmANa to mukhya rUpa se ina anuprekSAoM ke lie hI huA hai| tattvArthasUtra Adi meM bhI inakA paryApta vivecana upalabdha hai| zAnta-sudhArasa Adi kucha granthoM meM ina bAraha bhAvanAoM ke sAtha maitrI Adi cAra bhAvanAoM ko jor3akara solaha bhAvanAoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| jaina sAhitya meM bAraha bhAvanAoM kA ullekha bahulatA se prApta hai| anitya Adi anuprekSA ke pRthaka-pRthaka prayojana kA bhI vahAM para ullekha hai| Asakti vilaya ke lie anitya anuprekSA, dharmaniSTha ke vikAsa ke lie 3 33333000

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 azaraNa anuprekSA kA abhyAsa kiyA jAtA hai| isI prakAra anya anuprekSAoM kA viziSTa prayojana hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM anuprekSA ke pariNAmoM kA bahuta suMdara varNana upalabdha hai| anuprekSA se jIva kyA prApta karatA hai, gautama ke isa prazna ke samAdhAna meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ne anuprekSA ke lAbha batAye haiN| vahAM para anuprekSA ke chaha viziSTa pariNAmoM kA ullekha hai1. karma ke gAr3ha baMdhana kA zithilIkaraNa 2. dIrghakAlIna karma sthiti kA alpiikrnn| 3. tIvra karma vipAka kA maMdIkaraNa / 4. pradeza parimANa kA alpIkaraNa / 5. asAtA vedanIya karma ke upacaya kA abhAva 6. saMsAra kA alpiikrnn13| anuprekSA cintanAtmaka hone se jJAnAtmaka hai dhyAnAtmaka nahIM / anitya Adi viSayoM ke ciMtana meM jaba citta lagA rahatA hai, taba vaha anuprekSA aura jaba citta una viSayoM meM ekAgra bana jAtA hai, taba vaha dharmyadhyAna kahalAtA hai| dhyAnazataka meM sthira adhyavasAya ko dhyAna evaM asthira adhyavasAya ko citta kahA hai aura vaha citta bhAvanA, anuprekSA athavA ciMtanAtmaka rUpa hotA hai| svAdhyAya ke pAMca bhedoM meM anuprekSA bhI eka hai|6| sUtra ke artha kI vismRti na ho isalie artha kA bAra-bAra ciMtana kiyA jAtA hai| artha kA bAra-bAra ciMtana hI anuprekSA hai| anuprekSA meM mAnasika parAvartana hotA hai vAcika nahIM hotaa| dharmya dhyAna evaM zukla dhyAna kI bhI cAra-cAra anuprekSA batAI gayI hai|9| svAdhyAya gata anuprekSA, dhyAnagata anuprekSA evaM bAraha anuprekSA meM anuprekSA zabda kA prayoga huA hai| kintu saMdarbha ke anukUla unake tAtparyArtha meM kathaMcit bhinnatA hai| prAcIna graMthoM meM anuprekSA kA tattva-ciMtanAtmaka rUpa upalabdha hai| yadyapi dharmya evaM zukla-dhyAna kI anuprekSAoM kA bhI ullekha hai kintu unakA bhI ciMtanAtmaka rUpa hI upalabdha hai| prekSA-dhyAna ke prayogoM meM anuprekSA ke ciMtanAtmaka svarUpa ke sAtha hI usakA dhyeya ke sAtha tadAtmakatA ke rUpa ko bhI svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| anuprekSA kA prayoga sujhAva paddhati kA prayoga hai| Adhunika vijJAna kI bhASA meM ise sajesTolaoNjI kahA jA sakatA hai| svabhAva parivartana kA anuprekSA amogha upAya hai| anuprekSA dvArA jaTilatam AdatoM ko badalA jA sakatA hai| prekSA-dhyAna meM svabhAva parivartana ke siddhAnta ke AdhAra para aneka anuprekSAoM kA nirmANa kiyA gayA hai evaM unake prayogoM se vAJchita pariNAma bhI prApta huye haiN|

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jainayoga meM anuprekSA svabhAva parivartana ke lie pratipakSa bhAvanA kA prayoga bahuta lAbhadAyI hai| pratipakSa kI anuprekSA se svabhAva, vyavahAra aura AcaraNa ko badalA jA sakatA hai| moha-karma ke vipAka para pratipakSa bhAvanA kA nizcita prabhAva hotA hai| dazavaikAlika meM isakA spaSTa nirdeza prApta hai| upazama kI bhAvanA se krodha, mRdutA se abhimAna, RjutA se mAyA aura saMtoSa se lobha ke bhAvoM ko badalA jA sakatA hai| AcArAMgasUtra meM bhI aise nirdeza prApta haiN| jo puruSa alobha se lobha ko parAjita kara detA hai, vaha prApta kAmoM meM nimagna nahIM hotaa| __ adhyAtma ke kSetra meM pratipakSa bhAvanA kA siddhAnta anubhava kI bhUmikA meM sammata hai| jaina manovijJAna ke anusAra maulika manovRttiyA~ cAra haiM-kodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobh| yaha mohanIya karma kI audayika avasthA hai| pratyeka prANI meM jaise mohanIya karma kA audayika bhAva hotA hai vaise hI kSAyopazamika bhAva bhI hotA hai| pratipakSa kI bhAvanA dvArA audayika bhAvoM ko niSkriya kara kSAyopazamika bhAva ko sakriya kara diyA jAtA hai| maharSi pataJjali ne bhI pratipakSa bhAvanA ke siddhAnta ko mAnya kiyA hai| unakA abhimata hai ki avidyA Adi kleza pratipakSa bhAvanA se upahata hokara tanu ho jAte haiN| kleza pratiprasava (pratipakSa) ke dvArA heya hai23| anuprekSA ke prayoga klezoM ko tanu karate haiN| anuprekSA saMkalpa zakti kA prayoga hai| anuprekSA ke prayoga se saMkalpa zakti ko bar3hAyA jA sakatA hai| vyakti jaisA saMkalpa karatA hai, jina bhAvoM meM AviSTa hotA hai, tadanurUpa usakA pariNamana hone lagatA hai| jaM jaM bhAvaM Avisai taMtaM bhAvaM prinnmi24| saMkalpa zakti dvArA mAnasika citra kA nirmANa ho gayA to usa ghaTanA ko ghaTita honA hI hogaa| saMkalpya vastu ke sAtha tAdAtmya ho jAne se pAnI bhI amRtavat viSApahAraka bana jAtA hai| AcArya siddhasena ne kalyANa maMdira meM isa tathya ko spaSTa rUpa se abhivyakta kiyA hai25| tattvAnuzAsana meM kahA gayA hai ki vyakti jisa vastu kA anuciMtana karatA hai vaha tat sadRza guNoM ko prApta kara letA hai| paramAtmasvarUpa ko dhyAnAviSTa karane se paramAtmA, garuDa rUpa ko dhyAnaviSTa karane se garur3a evaM kAmadeva ke svarUpa ko dhyAnAviSTa karane se kAmadeva bana jAtA hai|6| pAtaJjala yoga darzana meM bhI yahI nirdeza prApta hai| hastibala meM saMyama karane para hasti sahaza bala ho jAtA hai| garur3a evaM vAyu Adi para saMyama karane para dhyAtA tatsadRza bana jAtA hai| __ anuprekSA dhyAna kI pRSTabhUmi kA nirmANa kara detI hai| anuprekSA kA Alambana prApta ho jAne para dhyAtA dhyAna meM satat gatizIla banA rahatA hai| anuprekSA/bhAvanA Atma-sammohana kI prakriyA hai| aham kI bhAvanA karane vAle meM arhat hone kI prakriyA zurU ho jAtI hai| dhyeya ke sAtha tanmayatA hone se hI tadguNatA prApta hotI hai| isalie

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 AcArAMga meM kahA gayA sAdhaka dhyeya ke prati dRSTi niyojita kare, tanmaya bane, dhyeya ko pramukha banAye, usakI smRti meM upasthita rahe, usameM dattacitta rahe281 bauddha evaM pAtaJjala sAdhanA paddhati meM bhI bhAvanAoM kA prayoga hotA hai| pAtaJjala yoga sUtra meM anitya, azaraNa Adi bhAvanAoM kA to ullekha prApta nahIM hai kintu maitrI, karuNA evaM muditA inakA ullekha hai| maharSi pataJjali ne citta prasAda ke lie ina bhAvanAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| upekSA ko inhoMne bhAvanA nahIM mAnA hai, unakA abhimata hai ki pApiyoM meM upekSA karanA bhAvanA nahIM hai ata: usameM samAdhi nahIM hotI hai| bauddha sAhitya meM anupazyanA zabda kA prayoga haA hai jo anaprekSA ke artha ko hI abhivyakta karatA hai| 'abhidhammatthasaMgaho' meM anityAnupazyanA, duHkhAnupazyanA, anAtmAnupazyanA, animittanupazyanA Adi kA ullekha prApta hai30| 'vizaddhimagga' meM dhyAna ke viSayoM (karma-sthAna) ke ullekha ke samaya dasa prakAra kI anusmRtiyoM evaM cAra brahma vihAra kA varNana hai| unase anuprekSA kI AMzika tulanA ho sakatI hai| maraNa-smRti karmasthAna meM zava ko dekhakara maraNa kI bhAvanA para citta ko lagAyA jAtA hai jisase citta meM jagat kI anityatA kA bhAva utpanna hotA hai| kAyagatAnusmRti azaucabhAvanA ke sadRza hai| maitrI, karuNA, maditA evaM upekSA ko bauddha darzana meM brahma vihAra kahA gayA hai| ye maitrI Adi hI jaina sAhitya meM maitrI, karuNA Adi bhAvanA ke rUpa meM vikhyAta haiN| Adhunika cikitsA kSetra meM bhI anuprekSA kA bahuta prayoga ho rahA hai| mAnasika saMtulana banAye rakhane ke lie bhI yaha bahuta mahattvapUrNa prakriyA hai| (Mind store) nAmaka prasiddha pustaka ke lekhaka (Jack Black) ne mAnasika saMtulana evaM mAnasika phiTanesa ke progrAma meM isa paddhati kA bahuta prayoga kiyA hai, unakI pUrI pustaka hI isa paddhati para mahattvapUrNa prakAza DAlatI hai| dhyAna ke dvArA jJAta saccAiyoM kI vyAvahArika pariNati anuprekSA ke prayoga se sahajatA se ho jAtI hai| anuprekSA, saMkalpa-zakti, svabhAva-parivartana, Adataparivartana evaM vyaktittva nirmANa kA mahattvapUrNa upakrama hai| cikitsA ke kSetra meM isakA bahumUlya yogadAna ho sakatA hai| anuprekSA ke mAdhyama se Adhi, vyAdhi evaM upAdhi kI cikitsA ho sakatI hai| prekSA-dhyAna ke ziviroM meM vibhinna uddezyoM se anuprekSA ke prayoga karavAye jAte haiN| inakA lAbha bhI anekoM vyaktiyoM ne prApta kiyA hai ata: Aja apekSA isI bAta kI hai ki anuprekSA ke bahu-AyAmI svarUpa ko hRdayaMgama karake svapara kalyANa ke kAryakrama meM niyojita kiyA jaaye| sandarbha 1. yogazcittavRttinirodhaH pA0 yo0 sU0, 1/2.

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jainayoga meM anuprekSA 2. kAya-vAG-mano-vyApAro yoga: jai0 si0 dIpikA 4/25. yogaviMzikA, zlo01. 4. amUrta cintana, pR01. zarIrAdInAM svbhaavaanuciNtnmnuprekssaa| sarvArthasiddhi, 9/2. sutattaciMtA aNuppehA / kArtikeyAnuprekSA, zlo0 97. anu puna: puna: prekSaNaM cintanaM smrnnmnityaadisvruupaannaamitynuprekssaa| kArtikeyAnuprekSA, pR0 1. kiM palaviyeNa bahuNA je siddhA NaravarA gaye kaale| sijjhihi je viM bhaviyA tajjANaha tssmaahpp|| vArasa aNuvekkhA, gA090. dvAdazApi sadA cintyA anuprekSA mahAtmabhiH / tad bhAvanA bhavatyeva karmaNAM kSayakAraNam / / padmaM paMcaviMzatikA, zlo042. 10. vidhyAti kaSAyAgni vigalita rAgo vilIyate dhvAntam / unmiSati bodhadIpo hadi puMsAM bhAvanAbhyasAt // jJAnArNava, mA0 a0,192. 11. (ka) sa guptisamitidharmAnuprekSApariSahajayacAritraiH / tattvArthasUtra, 9/2. (kha) guttI samidI dhammo annuvekkhaa.....sNvrheduuvisesenn| kArtikeyAnuprekSA,96. 12. (1) saMgavijayaNimittamaNiccatANuppehaM aarbhte| (2) dhamme thiratANimittaM asaraNataM ciMtayati / (3) saMsAruvvegakaraNaM saMsArANuppehA / (4) saMbaMdhisaMgavijatAyaegattamaNupeheti // dazavai0 agastasiMha cUrNi0, pRSTha 18. 13. uttarAdhyayana, 29/23. 14. tattvArtharAjavArtika, 9/36/13. 15. jaM thiramajjhavasANaM taM jhANaM jaM calaM tayaM cittN| taM hojja bhAvaNA vA aNupehA vA adhva ciMtA // dhyAnazataka, gA0 2. 16. ThANaM, 5/220. 17. sUtravadarthe'pi saMbhavati vismaramata: so'pi paribhAvanIya ityanuprekSA / uttarA0, zA0 vR0, pR0 584. 18. aNuppehA nAma jo maNasA pariyaTTei No vAyAe / dazavaikAlika cUrNi, pR0 29. 19. ThANaM, 4/68,72. 20. uvasameNa haNe kohaM mANaM maddavayA jiNe /

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 mAyaM cajjavabhAveNa loha saMtosao jiNe // dazavaikAlika, 8/38. 21. lobha alobhaM dugaMdhamANe, laddhe kAme nAmigAhaI / AcArAMga, 2/36. 22. pratipakSabhAvanopahatA: klezAstanavo bhavanti, pAtaMjalayogasUtra 2/4. 23. te pratiprasavedhyA: sUkSmAH, pA0 yo0 sU0, 2/10. 24. jaM jaM bhAvaM AvisaI........... 25. kalyANamaMdira, zlo0 17. 26. yadA dhyAna-balAd dhyAtA zUnyIkRtya svavigraham / dhyeyasvarUpAviSTatvAttAdRk sampadyate svayam / / tadA tathAvidha-dhyAna-saMvitti-dhvasta kalpanaH / sa eva paramAtmA syAdvainateyazca manmathaH / / tattvAnuzAsana, zlo0 135-36. 27. baleSu hastibalAdIni / pAtaMjalayogasUtra, 3/24. 28. taddiTThIe tammuttIe tappurakkAre tassaNNI tannivesaNe / AcArAMga, 5/110. 29. maitrIkaruNAmuditeti tisro bhAvanAH,..... pA0 yo0 sU0, 3/23. 30. abhidhammatthasaMgaho, 9 vAM adhyAya. 31. vizuddhimagga, pariccheda 7-8 pR. 133-200.

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jaina sAhitya aura darzana meM prabhAcandra kA yogadAna zivAkAnta bAjapeyI bhAratIya itihAsa nirdhAraNa meM brAhmaNa evaM bauddha sAhitya ke sAtha hI jaina sAhitya kA bhI mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| prArambhika jaina sAhitya Agama, niyukti, cUrNi, bhASya Adi prAkRtabhASA meM likhe gae milate haiN| tadanantara chaThI-sAtavIM zatAbdI I0 se tatkAlIna samaya kI pracalita bhASA saMskRta meM jaina sAhitya ke praNayana kA pracalana bar3hatA hai| yadyapi isa samaya bhI prAkRta bhASA meM jaina sAhitya racA jAtA rahA evaM apabhraMza kA bhI prayoga hotA rhaa| jaina sAhitya aitihAsika dRSTi se kitanA upayogI hai? yaha vivAda kA viSaya ho sakatA hai, kintu yaha prAya: nirvivAda hai ki bhAratIya sAhitya ke sRjana evaM saMvardhana meM jaina sAhitya evaM sAhityAcAryoM kI viziSTa bhUmikA rahI hai aura jaina sAhitya lekhana kA krama Aja bhI satat jArI hai| jaina sAhitya ke udbhavakAla se hI jaina sAhityakAroM kI utkRSTa paramparA parilakSita hotI hai| pUrva madhyakAla ko jaina darzana kI dRSTi se "madhyAhnottara" tathA sAhitya kI dRSTi se "utkarSa-kAla" mAnanA caahie| isa yuga meM aneka sAhityika granthoM kI racanA hotI hai, dArzanika mata-matAntaroM para cintana-manana evaM khaNDana-maNDana kA prayAsa hotA hai| isa nirdiSTa samayAvadhi meM hI vAdirAja sUri jaina darzana para AdhArita nyAyavinizcaya kA praNayana kara rahe hote haiN| isI taraha zAMti sUri kI jainavArtika, abhayadeva sUri- sanmatitarka TIkA, jinezvara sUri-pramANalakSaNa, anantavIrya-prameyaratnamAlA, hemacandra sUri-pramANamImAMsA, vAdideva sUri-pramANanayatattvAlaMkAra evaM syAdvAdaratnAkara, candraprabha sUri-prameyaratnakoSa, municandra sUri-anekAntajayapatAkATippaNa Adi vivecya yuga ke ullekhanIya graMtha haiN| inameM bhI digambara AcArya prabhAcandra evaM inakI sAhityika racanAoM kA apanA viziSTa sthAna dikhAI detA hai| samaya kI dRSTi se vicAra kiyA jAe to ye upalabdha srotoM se paramAra zAsaka bhojarAja evaM jayasiMha ke samakAlIna parilakSita hote haiN| prabhAcandra ne jaina sAhitya sarjanA evaM anekAntavAda ke khaNDana-maNDana tathA vibhinna dArzanika vAdoM ke cintana-manana meM apanI mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA kA nirvAha kiyA kiyA hai| inake isa prakAra ke kArya sampAdana meM samakAlIna paristhitiyoM, paramAra *prAcIna bhAratIya itihAsa, saMskRti evaM purAtattva adhyayanazAlA, vikrama vizvavidyAlaya, ujjaina -

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 zAsaka bhoja tathA jayasiMha kA vizeSa sahAyya mAnanA caahie| yadyapi vidvAnoM dvArA inakI racanAoM kI eka lambI sUcI prastuta kI jAtI hai, yathA prameyakamalamArtaNDa, nyAyakumudacandra, zabdAMbhojabhAskara, ratnakaraNDa TIkA, kriyAkalpa TIkA, samAdhitaMtra TIkA, AtmAnuzAsanatilaka, dravyasaMgraha paMjikA, zAkaTAyananyAsa, pravacanasarojabhAskara, sarvArthasiddhi-TippaNa, uttarapurANa TippaNa, AdipurANa TippaNa ArAdhanAkoSa (gadya), aSTapAhur3a paMjikA, devAgama paMjikA, samayasAra TIkA, paMcAstikAya TIkA, mUlAcAra TIkA, ArAdhanA TIkA aadi| parantu inameM se aneka ke bAre meM yaha kaha pAnA ki ye prabhAcandrakRta hI haiM, atyanta kaThina hai| saMbhava hai prabhAcandra kI racanAoM kI yaha lambI sUcI vividha samayoM meM hue ekAdhika prabhAcandra ke paraspara tAdAtmya biThA dene ke kAraNa ho| kintu yahA~ unhIM graMthoM ke paricayollekha kA maiMne prayatna kiyA hai jinheM 11vIM12vIM zatAbdI I0 meM hue prabhAcandra se sambaddha kiyA jA sakatA hai; aura jinakA jaina dharma-darzana evaM tatkAlIna sAhitya jagata meM apanA atyanta viziSTa sthAna hai| viSaya kI dRSTi se ina granthoM ko nimnalikhita vargoM meM rakhA jA sakatA hai(1) nyAyazAstra para AdhArita grantha - (a) prameyakamalamArtaNDa (ba) nyAyakumudacandra (2) vyAkaraNazAstra para AdhArita grantha (a) zabdAMbhojabhAskara (ba) zAkaTAyananyAsa (3) purANa para AdhArita grantha (a) uttarapurANa TippaNa (ba) AdipurANa TippaNa prameyakamalamArtaNDa prameyakamalamArtaNDa jaina nyAyazAstra kA atyanta mahattvapUrNa grantha mAnA jAtA hai| isa grantha kI racanA rAjA bhoja ke rAjyakAla meM huI thii| yaha prabhAcandra ke pUrvavartI AcArya mANikyanandi ke 'parIkSAmukha' nAmaka nyAyagraMtha para AdhArita vistRta evaM sAragarbhita bhASya hai| isa grantha meM prabhAcandra ne jaina dharma ke AdhArabhUta siddhAnta anekAntavAda kI vistRta vyAkhyA kI hai| isameM prabhAcandra ne apane guru padmanandi saiddhAntika kA bhI sasammAna smaraNa kiyA hai| nyAyakumudacandra prabhAcandra kA nyAyazAstra para AdhArita yaha dUsarA mahattvapUrNa grantha hai evaM viSayazailI, abhivyaMjanA Adi kI dRSTi se yaha prameyakamalamArtaNDa ke bAda jayasiMha ke samaya meM racA gayA pratIta hotA hai|5 sapta paricchedoM meM vibhAjita isa grantha meM prAya: anekAnvAda kI hI carcA hai|

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jaina sAhitya aura darzana meM prabhAcandra kA yogadAna yaha ullekhanIya hai ki anekAntavAda para AdhArita una navIna saMkalpanAoM evaM vicAroM kA bhI isameM samAveza kiyA gayA hai jo kisI kAraNavaza prameyakamalamArtaNDa meM sammilita nahIM ho pAye the| isake sAtha hI naya evaM nikSepa para bhI isameM sAragarbhita vyAkhyA prastuta kI gaI hai| ___ pUrva kI bhA~ti isa grantha meM bhI prabhAcandra ne prazasti ke antargata meM apane guru padmanandi saiddhAntika kA sAdara ullekha kiyA hai| zabdAMbhojabhAskara devanandi ke jainendra vyAkaraNa para AdhArita "zabdAMbhojabhAskara" vyAkaraNa zAstra kA atyanta mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| yadyapi anake vidvAnoM ne isake prabhAcandrakRta hone meM sandeha vyakta kiyA hai, parantu isa TIkA ke Arambha meM uddhRta yaha tathya ki "prameya kamalamArtaNDa evaM nyAyakumudacandra meM anekAnta kI carcA kI gaI hai ata: anekAnta kI carcA zabdAMbhojabhAskara meM nahIM kI jA rahI hai, isalie ukta donoM granthoM kA avalokana kiyA jaay|" prabhAcandra se isa grantha kA sambandha jor3ane meM atyanta sahAyaka pratIta hotA hai| yadi koI anya vidvAn zabdAMbhojabhAskara kA TIkAkAra hotA to vaha prameyakamalamArtaNDa tathA nyAyakumudacandra ke avalokana ke Agraha ke sAtha hI ukta donoM granthakAroM ke nAmoM kA bhI ullekha krtaa| kintu isake TIkAkAra svayaM prabhAcandra haiM isalie unhoMne granthoM ke ullekha ke sAtha granthakAra ke nAma kA ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| isa grantha meM prasaMgavaza pUrvavartI AcArya abhayanandi kA bhI smaraNa kiyA gayA hai| vartamAna meM isake mAtra tIna adhyAya hI upalabdha hote haiN| parantu vidvAnoM ne ise 16,000 zlokoM vAle dIrgha-kAya grantha hone kA anumAna kiyA hai aura yaha sambhava bhI pratIta hotA hai| zAkaTAyana nyAsa ___ rASTrakUTa zAsaka amoghavarSa-prathama (813-880 I0) ke samakAlIna AcArya zAkaTAyana dvArA racita "amoghavRtti' nAmaka vyAkaraNa graMtha para AdhArita yaha TIkA graMtha hai| samprati isa grantha ke mAtra do adhyAya hI upalabdha hote haiN| isameM isake pratipAdya viSaya evaM racanAkAra ke sambandha meM jAnakArI upalabdha hotI hai| katipaya vidvAnoM ne isake prabhAcandra dvArA racita hone meM saMdeha vyakta kiyA hai| kintu abhilekhIya sAkSya Adi ke AdhAra para ise prabhAcandra dvArA viracita hone kI hI adhika sambhAvanA hai| yadyapi isa prakAra ke mata pratiSThApana meM anya pramANoM kI apekSA hai| prasaMgavaza ullekhanIya hai ki zAkaTAyana zvetAmbara sampradAya ke AcArya the| zvetAmbara sampradAya ke AcArya ke vyAkaraNa grantha para digambara sampradAya ke AcArya dvArA 18

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 racita yaha TIkA-grantha ina donoM sampradAyoM meM paraspara sauhArdra kI bhAvanA kA sUcaka mAnA jA sakatA hai| AdipurANa-uttarapurANa TippaNa ___puSpadanta kRta apabhraMza bhASA ke mahApurANa ke donoM bhAgoM - AdipurANa evaM uttarapurANa para prabhAcandra ne pRthaka-pRthaka TippaNa-grantha race haiN| suvidhA kI dRSTi se yahAM para eka hI zIrSaka ke antargata inakA saMkSipta varNana hai| prabhAcandra ne apane prArambhika donoM granthoM- prameyakamalamArtaNDa tathA nyAyakumudacandra meM prazasti ke anta meM apane guru padmanandi saiddhAntika kA smaraNa kiyA hai jabaki ukta TippaNa graMthoM meM unhoMne apane guru kA smaraNa nahIM kiyA hai| ata: zAstrI mahodaya inake prabhAcandra dvArA racita hone meM saMzaya vyakta karate haiN|10|| parantu yaha bhI saMbhava hai ki TippaNa grantha hone ke kAraNa prabhAcandra ne guru ke nAma kA smaraNa karanA bahuta Avazyaka na samajhA ho| vastuta: bhASA-zailI evaM vAkya-racanA Adi kI dRSTi se to ise prabhAcandra dvArA praNIta mAnanA adhika upayukta hogaa| isa prakAra prabhAcandra evaM unakI kRtiyoM ke sAmAnya adhyayana se jaina sAhitya sarjana evaM dArzanika cintana-manana meM unakA mahattvapUrNa sthAna parilakSita hotA hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ve apane samaya meM vyApta dArzanika mata-matAntaroM ke samAdhAna ke lie anekAnvAda evaM syAdvAda kI punarpratiSThA ke lie prayatnazIla the| unakI sAhityika vidhA evaM vyAkaraNIya siddhAntoM meM gaharI paiTha thii| ve apanI sarjanA evaM siddhAntoM ke mAdhyama se sabhI ke lie samAdaraNIya bana ge| m bh sh sandarbha mahendrakumAra nyAyAcArya- jaina darzana, zrI gaNezaprasAda varNI jaina granthamAlA, kAzI 1955, pR027. nAthUrAma premI, jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, mumbaI 1956, pR0 289. pratipAla bhATiyA- di paramArAja, dillI 1970, pR0 330; nAthUrAma premI, vahI, pR0 290; kastUracanda kAsalIvAla, (saM0)- rAjasthAna ke jaina zAstra bhaNDAroM kI grantha sUcI, bhAga-2, zrI mahAvIra granthamAlA, jayapura 1554. zrI padmanandi saiddhAntiziSyo'neka gunnaalyH| prabhAcandrazciraM zrImAn ratnanandi paderataH / /

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jaina sAhitya aura darzana meM prabhAcandra kA yogadAna zrI bhojadeva rAjye zrImaddhArA nivAsinA parAparaparameSThipada praNAmArjitAmalapuNyanirAkRta nikhilamalakalaGkena zrImatprabhAcandra paNDitena nikhila pramANaprameyasvarUpodyota parIkSAmukhapadamidaM vivRtamiti / prameyakamalamArtaNDa zrI jayasiMhadevarAjye zrImaddhArA nivAsinA parAparaparameSThipada praNAmArjitAmala puNyanirAkRta nikhilamalakalaGkena zrImatprabhAcandra paNDitena nyAyakumudacandro lghiistryaalngkaar| - nyAyakumudacandra nAthUrAma premI, vahI, pR0 35. vahI, pR0 35. vahI, pR0 160. pI0 ela0 vaidya (saM0) - harivaMzapurANam, 1941I0, pR0 10. 10. mahendrakumAra nyAyAcArya, vahI, pR0 122. ; ii

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zrI ajarAmara svAmI DaoN0 ramaNalAla cI0 zAha hindI anuvAdaka - zrI bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA* sthAnakavAsI sampradAya meM hue mahAtmAoM meM sva0 pU0 zrI ajarAmara svAmI kA sthAna anokhA hai| inhoMne apane jIvana kAla meM dhArmika kSetra meM aneka bhAgIratha kArya kie the| inhoMne jaina darzana ke sivA anya bhAratIya darzanoM kA bhI gahana adhyayana kiyA thA, ata: inameM sAmpradAyika saMkucitatA yA kaTTaratA nahIM raha gayI thii| ye bahuta udAra aura samanvayakArI dRSTikoNa ke dhAraka the| gujarAta, saurASTra aura kaccha kI ora bahuta vicare the| kaccha meM bhI vistRta vAgar3a para inakA viziSTa prabhAva rhaa| inakI jIvanI ke viSaya meM kitanI hI jAnakAriyAM milatI haiM, usI ke AdhAra zatAvadhAnI paM0 ratnacaMda jI mahArAja ne inakA jIvana caritra likhA haiaura inake viSaya meM bhaktAmara pAdapUrti kI saMskRta zlokoM meM racanA kI hai| ajarAmara svAmI kA janma vi0 saM0 1809 ke jyeSTha zukla 9 ke dina jAmanagara ke nikaTavartI paDANA grAma meM huA thaa| inake pitA kA nAma mANekacaMda thA, aura mAtA kA nAma kaMkubAI / ye jAti ke vIsA osavAla the| ajarAmara jI kA janma nAma bhI ajarAmara hI thaa| jaba ye pA~ca varSa ke hue taba inake pitA kA dehAvasAna ho gyaa| du:khita vidhavA mAtA kaMkubAI ne apanA mana dharmadhyAna kI ora lagA diyaa| bAlaka ajarAmara ne gA~va kI pAThazAlA meM par3hanA prArambha kiyA thA aura mAtA ise pratidina upAzraya meM le jAtI taba guru mahArAja ke pAsa bhI sAtha meM le jAtI thii| ___ mAtA kaMkubAI kA pratidina sAmAyika aura pratikramaNa karane kA niyama thaa| unheM to pATha Ate nahIM the parantu sthAnaka meM jAkara dUsaroM ke bolane ke sAtha sAmAyika pratikramaNa kara letI thii| eka dina varSA bahuta teja rahI thI isalie sthAnaka jAnA saMbhava nahIM thaa| mAtA kaMkubAI udAsa baiThI thI kyoMki usakA pratidina kA pratikramaNa kA niyama bhaMga ho rahA thaa| mA~ ko cintita dekhakara bAlaka ajarAmara ne kAraNa jJAta kara unase kahA - 'mA~! tuma cintA mata karo, maiM tumheM pUrA pratikramaNa sUtroM ko bola kara karA duuNgaa| mA~ ne putra kI bAta satya na mAnI to ajarAmara ne kahA - maiM pratidina sthAnaka sAtha hI to calatA hU~ ata: mujhe pratikramaNa pUrA kaNThastha ho gayA hai| cha: varSa ke bAlaka ne jaba mAtA ko pUrA pratikramaNa zuddha uccAraNapUrvaka karA diyA taba use bahuta Azcarya huaa| *4, jagamohana mallika lena, kalakattA - 700007

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zrI ajarAmara svAmI apanA putra itanA adhika tejasvI hai, isa bAta kA vizvAsa ho gayA aura mana meM bhAvanA jagI ki bar3A ho kara yaha koI mahAn sAdhu mahAtmA bane to kitanA acchA ho| mA~ kI bhI dIkSA lene kI bhAvanA ho gaI thii| vi0 saM0 1818 meM hIrAjI svAmI aura kAnajI svAmI jI limbaDI se vihAra kara ke goMDala padhAre the, vahAM unakA cAturmAsa thaa| kaMkubAI aura ajarAmara hIrAjI svAmI ke pAsa goMDala jA pahu~ce aura apanI tathA bAlaka kI dIkSA lene kI bhAvanA hai yaha icchA btlaaii| hIrAjI svAmI ne isake lie kucha ruka jAne ko kahA aura ajarAmara ko apane pAsa aura kaMkubAI ko mahAsatI jeThIbAI ke pAsa raha kara zAstrAbhyAsa karAne kI vyavasthA kara dii| cAturmAsa ke pazcAt anyatra vihAra kara ke saM0 1819 meM hIrAjI svAmI phira goMDala padhAre aura vahIM kaMkubAI tathA bAlaka ajarAmara ko dIkSA dI gii| goMDala ke lie yaha eka bhavya prasaMga ho gyaa| goMDala nareza ne bhI isa prasaMga para utsAhapUrvaka bhAga liyA aura rAjya kI ora se acchA sahayoga milaa| dIkSA ke bAda ajarAmara kAnajI svAmI ke ziSya hue aura kaMkubAI mahAsatI jeThAbAI kI ziSyA bniiN| bAlaka ajarAmara bahuta tejasvI thaa| usake mukhamaMDala, bhavya lalATa aura tIkSNa netra dekhate hI darzakoM ko yaha vizvAsa ho jAtA ki yaha koI asAdhAraNa bAlaka mAtA kaMkubAI aura bAlaka ajarAmara jaba goMDala meM hIrAjI svAmI ke pAsa dIkSA lene kI bhAvanA se Aye the taba bAlaka ajarAmara upAzraya se kaI bhinna-bhinna gRhasthoM ke ghara bhojana karane jaate| eka bAra goMDala kI vaiSNava havelI ke gosAIjI mahArAja ne isa tejasvI bAlaka ko bulA kara bAtacIta karake dIkSArthI jJAta kara socA ki aisA bAlaka apanI havelI meM Akara rahe aura apanA uttarAdhikArI bane ajarAmara ko bulAkara unhoMne kahA ki yahAM havelI meM rahane se uttama vastrAbhUSaNa aura sarasa khAnapAna milegA aura vizAla sampatti ke vArisadAra bnoge| yaha sunakara bAlaka jarA bhI nahIM lalacAyA aura saMyama mArga para dRr3ha rahA isase jJAta hotA hai ki ajarAmara kI dRSTi kitanI satya, svastha aura sthira thii| dIkSA ke pazcAt ajarAmarajI ne apanA abhyAsa bar3hAyA aura kitane hI bhinnabhinna sthAnoM para cAturmAsa karane ke bAda hIrAjI svAmI kI bhAvanA huI ki bAlamuni ko Age vizeSa abhyAsa ke hetu sUrata kI ora vihAra karanA cAhie kyoM ki usa samaya sUrata meM bar3e-bar3e vidvAn rahate the| saM0 1826 meM pU0 zrI hIrAjI svAmI, pU0 zrI kAnajI svAmI aura bAlamuni zrI ajarAmara svAmI cAturmAsa ke pazcAt bharuca se sUrata kI ora vihAra kara rahe the| ve narmadA nadI pAra karane ke lie retI/bAla kA mArga pAra karake eka vRkSa kI chAyA meM baiThe the| usa samaya sUrata nivAsI kharataragaccha ke zrIpUjya 144

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 yati zrI gulAbacaMda jI bhI bharuca se sUrata vApasa A rahe the| unhoMne bAlU para bar3e-bar3e pAMvoM ke sAtha choTe padacinha bhI dekhe| ve samartha lakSaNa-vettA the| padacinha dekhate hI unheM lagA ki ye kisI tejasvI bAlaka ke padacinha haiN| sAmane kinAre para pahu~cate hI unhoMne hIrAjI svAmI Adi ko vRkSa ke nIce baiThe dekhA to vandana karate hue pUchA-mahArAja! Apa kahAM se padhAre haiM? kidhara vihAra karanA hai? hIrAjI svAmI ne batalAyA ki hama limbaDI se vihAra kara sUrata jA rahe haiN| bAlamani ko saMskRta ke abhyAsa ke sAtha darzana zAstrAdi sAhityAbhyAsa karAne kI bhAvanA hai, yaha bhI khaa| zrIpUjya gulAbacaMda jI ne apanA paricaya diyA aura caraNacinha aura anya zArIrika lakSaNoM se bAlamani ko bahuta vidvAn aura tejasvI batalAyA aura kahA ki yadi sUrata meM abhyAsa karanA ho to maiM svayaM vidyAbhyAsa kraauuNgaa| yaha sunakara hIrAjI svAmI aura anya sAdhuoM ne prasannatA anubhava kii| pUjyazrI gulAbacaMda jI mUrtipUjaka saMpradAya kharataragaccha ke yati the| eka sthAnakavAsI bAlamuni ko abhyAsa karAnA thaa| eka mUrtipUjaka saMpradAya ke yati apane sthAnakavAsI saMpradAya ke bAlamuni ko abhyAsa karAveM isase hIrAjI svAmI aura kAnajI svAmI ko jarA bhI bAdhA nahIM thii| dUsarI ora yati zrI gulAbacaMda jI svayaM mUrtipUjaka saMpradAya ke hone para bhI bAlamuni ko abhyAsa avazya karAyeMgeM, aisA pakkA vizvAsa dilaayaa| sUrata meM jaba vidyAbhyAsa cAla haA to anya sampradAya ke sAdhu ko vidyAbhyAsa karAne para samAja ne thor3A khalabalAhaTa macAyA para koI asara nahIM pdd'aa| gulAbacaMda jI ne bahuta utsAhapUrvaka bAlamuni ko saMskRta aura prAkRta ke adhyayana ke sAtha vyAkaraNa, kAvya, alaMkAra, nyAya, jyotiSa Adi aneka viSayoM kA adhyayana karAyA, phira sAMkhya, vedAnta Adi SaDdarzana kA bhI abhyAsa karAyA aura nyAyAvatAra, syAdvAdaratnAkara Adi gaMbhIra aura kaThina graMtha bhI pddh'aaye| isa prakAra ke adhyayana meM bahuta varSa lagate haiM aura eka hI sthAnaka yA upAzraya meM adhika cAturmAsa karanA ucita nahIM ata: zrI hIrAjI svAmI ne sUrata ke vividha puroM meM bhinna-bhinna sthAnoM meM cha: cAturmAsa bitaaye| isa prakAra bAlaka muni zrI ajarAmara ke vidyAbhyAsa hetu cha: cAturmAsa sUrata meM lagAtAra karane par3e, kintu unheM satat abhyAsa kA bahuta lAbha milaa| zrI pUjya maMtra-taMtra aura gupta vidyAoM ke bhI samartha jJAtA the| ajarAmara svAmI yogya pAtra haiM, yaha pratIta hone para unhoMne maMtra-taMtra tathA sUryaprajJapti aura caMdraprajJapti kI gupta vidyAe~ bhI ajarAmara svAmI ko sikhalA dii| __ ajarAmara svAmI ke vidyAbhyAsa ke nimitta ko lekara sUrata kA mUrtipUjaka samudAya aura sthAnakavAsI samudAya donoM udAra hRdaya se eka dUsare ke adhika nikaTa A gye| isI kAraNa ajarAmara svAmI kI mAtra jaina sampradAyavyApI hI nahIM, jaina aura

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zrI ajarAmara svAmI jainetara dharmoM ke bIca bhI vizAla aura udAra dRSTi vyApta ho gaI thii| ajarAmara svAmI kA vyaktitva aisA pavitra aura udAra thA ki unakI upasthiti meM sAmpradAyika saMkucitatA kI bAta Tika bhI nahIM sakatI thii| taruNa ajarAmara svAmI gahana zAstrAbhyAsa karake jaba limbaDI padhAre the taba vahA~ ke logoM ne unake prati bahuta Adara bhAva dikhAyA thA, kintu ajarAmara svAmI ne kahA ki abhI maiM jJAna meM adhUrA hU~ aura merI icchA hai ki mAlavA meM vicarate zrI daulatarAmajI mahArAja ke pAsa jAkara Agama zAstroM kA abhyAsa karUM isake lie yA to ve kAThiyAvAr3a padhAreM yA svayaM unake pAsa jAkara adhyayana kiyA jaay| saMgha ne vicAra kiyA ki yadi daulatarAma jI mahArAja svayaM yahAM padhAreM to logoM ko bhI lAbha mile, ata: isake lie khAsa vyakti ko bhejakara sArI paristhiti samajhA kara vinatI kI gaI jise zrI daulatarAma jI mahArAja ne svIkAra kiyA aura apane ziSya samudAya ke sAtha ahamadAbAda hokara limbaDI pdhaare| ve do varSa jhAlAvAr3a meM vicre| ajarAmara jI svAmI ne unake pAsa Agama zAstroM kA gahana abhyAsa kiyaa| ve jaba lauTe taba ajarAmara svAmI ne unheM apane graMtha saMgraha meM se kitane hI uttama mUlyavAna graMtha bheMTa kiye| ajarAmara svAmI zAstrajJAtA aura zAsana kA bhAra vahana kara sakane yogya ho gaye yaha jJAta kara saMgha ne vi0 saM0 1845 meM limbaDI meM vizAla samAroha kA Ayojana kara unheM 35 varSa kI taruNAvasthA meM AcArya pada para sthApita kiyaa| usa samaya sampradAya meM jo kucha zithilatA thI use dUra karane ke lie inhoMne jabaradasta puruSArtha kiyA thaa| unake vyaktiva meM saralatA, namratA, vAtsalya, madhuratA, udAratA, gaMbhIratA Adi guNa itane vikasita ho gaye the ki jaina-jainetara loga bhI unheM cAhane lge| ajarAmara jI kI ucca sAdhanA thii| unameM Atmabala bhI paryApta thaa| aisI vibhUtiyoM ke jIvana meM kitane hI camatkArika prasaMgoM kA bana jAnA svAbhAvika hai| kahA jAtA hai ki eka bAra ajarAmarajI svAmI jAmanagara se kaccha jAne ke lie mAliyA gAMva meM padhAre vahAM se ve raNapAra kara ke bAgar3a kI ora jA rahe the to rAste meM unheM laTeroM kA dala milaa| ajarAmara svAmI ne unheM kahA hama saba sAdhu haiM aura hamAre pAsa koI daulata nahIM haiM to bhI luTere na mAne aura unheM zarIra para eka vastra rakhakara bAkI sAre kapar3e, pAtare, pustakeM Adi sauMpa dene kI krUra AjJA dii| luTere loga kisI prakAra bhI mAnane ko taiyAra na the| usa samaya paristhiti dekhakara ajarAmara svAmI ne maMtroccAra kiyA jisase sabhI luTere staMbhita aura aMdhe ho ghabar3A kara mAphI mAMgane lage taba phira kabhI lUTapATa na karane kI pratijJA dilA kara chor3A phira ve unake ke bhakta bana gye| 24

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca 1999 anya eka aisA prasaMga banA ki ajarAmara svAmI apane ziSyoM ke sAtha kaccha se vihAra kara limbaDI kI ora jA rahe the| mArga meM jaMgala meM se nikala kara eka siMha daur3atA huA sAmane aayaa| ziSya loga ghabar3A gae kintu svasthatApUrvaka svAmIjI ne unheM apane pIche-pIche navakAra maMtra kA jApa karate hue Ane ko kahA, isase siMha vahIM para baiTha gayA aura AkramaNa karane ke viparIta ekAgra dRSTi se svAmI jI kI ora dekhatA rhaa| vikrama saMvat 1846 meM ajarAmara jI svAmI dUsarI bAra mAliyA se vihAra kara kaccha kA raNa pAra kara eka gA~va meM Thahare the| usa samaya kaccha ke mahArAja ke maMtrI aura mUrtipUjaka jainasamAja ke pratiSThita AgevAna vAghajI pArekha kA kaccha ke mahArAja ke sAtha kucha anabana ho gaI hai, aisI bAta phaila gii| ajarAmara svAmI kaccha ke isa gA~va meM kisI zrAvaka ke ghara ke bAhya bhAga meM utare hue the| rAtri ke aMdhere meM unheM koI AdamI AtA dikhAI diyaa| svAmI jI ne pUchA kauna - bAghA pArekha ho / apanA nAma ajarAmarajI ke mukha se suna kara bAghA pArekha ko Azcarya huA kyoMki ki ve eka dUsare se mile nahIM the| svAmI jI ne bAghA pArekha ko baiThA kara kahA"kaccha ke mahArAja tumhAre para kupita hue haiM, isase ghabar3A kara tuma chipate phirate ho / kaccha chor3a kara bhAga jAne kA vicAra karate ho kintu tumheM aisA karane kI AvazyakatA nhiiN| himmata aura dhairya rkho| mahArAja ke eka kAma par3egA jise tumhAre sivA dUsarA koI nahIM kara skegaa| usa samaya mahArAja jI tumhe bulaaveNge| taba tumhAre hAtha se kaccha ke prajA kI sevA kA bar3A kAma hogaa|" ajarAmara jI svAmI kI kahI huI bAta satya huii| mahArAja jI ne bAghA pArekha ko bulaayaa| donoM ke bIca pUrva melamilApa ho gyaa| mahArAnI ne to apane bhAI ke rUpa meM use paricita kraayaa| kAmetI muMhatA ke pada kA kAryabhAra use vApasa sauMpA gyaa| taba se bAghA pArekha ko ajarAmara svAmI ke vacanoM para aTUTa vizvAsa ho gyaa| ajarAmara svAmI ne tIna bAra kaccha meM vihAra kiyA thaa| una dinoM kAThiyAvAr3a se kaccha jAnA sahaja nahIM thaa| vihAra bahuta laMbA aura kaSTakara thA phira bhI logoM kI dharma bhAvanA kA anusaraNa kara ajarAmara svAmI ne vahAM kula chaH cArtumAsa kiye the| taba bAghAjI pArekha kI icchA thI ki svAmI jI apane bhujanagara meM pdhaareN| una dinoM sthAnakavAsI sAdhuoM ko bhuja meM padhArane kI manAhI thii| bAghAjI pArekha ne use radda karAI aura svAmIjI ke praveza ke samaya baiMDabAjA na baja pAye, isa viSaya meM saMgha ko sUcita kiyA / ajarAmara svAmI ne kaccha meM jo cArtumAsa kiye usase mAMDavI kI samudrI vAyu aura pAnI ke kAraNa unheM saMgrahaNI aura vAyu kA darda paira meM ho gayA thaa| aneka upacAra 25

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zrI ajarAmara svAmI karane para bhI pharka nahIM par3A phira bhI unhoMne gujarAta, saurASTra aura kaccha meM vihAra to ThIka taura se kiyA hI thA kintu azakti vizeSa bar3hane para vi0 saM0 1864 meM limbaDI meM cAturmAsa kiyA aura bAda meM unheM vahIM sthiravAsa karanA pdd'aa| limbaDI meM unase milane ke lie cAroM ora se aneka saMta, satiyA~ pdhaarte| eka bAra ahamadAbAda se zatrujaya kI yAtrA ke lie bar3A saMgha nikalA, vaha bhI limbaDI ho kara nikalA thaa| usa saMgha meM Aye kitane hI yatijana ajarAmara svAmI se milane ke lie Aye aura unake sAtha saMskRta bhASA meM zAstrArtha carcA karate samaya ve bahuta hI prabhAvita hue the| vi0 saM01868 ke cArtumAsa meM ajarAmara svAmI kI preraNA se limbaDI meM bahuta tapazcaryA huI, unameM 39 jitane to mAsakhamaNa hue the / usa tapazcaryA meM mUrtipUjaka sampradAya ne bhI utsAhapUrvaka bhAga liyA thaa| saM0 1870 meM zrAvaNa mahIne meM ajarAmara svAmI kA svAsthya vizeSa bigar3ane lgaa| dIkSA paryAya ke 50 varSa aura AcArya pada ke 25 varSa pUrNa karane ke bAda apanA aMtakAla nikaTa jAna unhoMne saMthArA le liyA, kSamApanA kI aura navakAra maMtra kA jApa karate-karate zrAvaNa vadi 1 ko rAtri meM 1 baje unhoMne deha tyAga kiyaa| unake kAladharma ke samAcAra cAroM ora zIghratA se phaila gae aura zrAvaNa vadi 2 ke deha kA agni saMskAra ke samaya hajAroM AdamI A phNce| lagabhaga 62 varSa ke Ayu meM pUjya ajarAmara jI svAmI ne bahuta sI siddhiyA~ prApta kI thiiN| jaina zAsana para unakA bahuta bar3A upakAra rahA hai| apane hRdaya kI vizAlatA aura udAratA ke kAraNa jainoM ke sabhI saMpradAya ke logoM aura jainetara logoM ke hRdaya meM unhoMne anokhA sthAna prApta kiyA thaa| isI se unake nAma se jagaha-jagaha bhinna-bhinna saMsthAoM kI sthApanA huI hai aura do zatAbdI se loga unakA bhAvapUrvaka smaraNa karate haiN|

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jogaratnasAra (yogaratnasAra) sampAdikA - zrImatI (DaoN0) munnI jaina* bhAratIya cintana kA mUla kendra AtmA hai isalie isa deza kI samagra cintanadhArA AtmA ko AdhAra mAnakara gatizIla rahI hai| jaina cintakoM ne AtmA ke vikAsa mArga kA anveSaNa karane meM hI apane jIvana kA samarpaNa kiyA hai| jaina AgamoM meM AtmA ko zarIra, indriya evaM mana Adi bhautika padArthoM se alaga evaM svataMtra mAnA gayA hai| rAga-dveSa se karmabandhana hotA hai aura inhI vikAroM se AtmA saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatI hai| ina vikAroM ke kSaya ke lie bhAratIya vicArakoM ne aneka mArgoM kI sarjanA kI jinameM 'yoga' kA sarvAdhika mahattva hai| yoga eka sAdhanA-paddhati hai aura sabhI dharmoM meM isakA vizeSa mahattva hai| vizeSakara adhyAtmapradhAna jainadharma meM to yoga, dhyAna, tapa aura saMyama Adi ke binA to mukti prApta karanA bhI sambhava nahIM hai| nirvANa prApti hetu sabhI tIrthaMkaroM ne inhIM kA upadeza diyA hai| tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha aura mahAvIra dvArA pratipAdita yoga sAdhanA paddhati ke bahuta kucha sUtra meM hameM upalabdha AgamoM meM milate haiN| inhIM kA Azraya lekara jainAcAryoM dvArA racita yogaviSayaka zatAdhika grantha upalabdha haiM aura kitane hI grantha abhI taka ajJAta rUpa meM zAstra bhaMDAroM meM saMpAdana evaM prakAzana kI pratIkSA meM haiN| yadyapi yoga jaisI mahattvapUrNa sAdhanA paddhatiyoM ko dharma yA sampradAya vizeSa se bAMdhanA unake prati anyAya hI kahalAyegA, kintu jisa dharma vizeSa meM AdhyAtmika vikAsa hetu jisa prakAra kI sAdhanA kA mArga pratipAdita kiyA jAtA hai, usa sAdhanA paddhati yA mArga ko hama usa dharma se sambaddha nAma de dete haiN| isalie jainayoga, bauddhayoga, vaidika paramparA kA yoga Adi rUpoM meM 'yoga' pracalita dekhA jAtA hai| ina sabameM adhikAMza viSaya samAna hote hue bhI sabhI kI apanI kucha bhinna prakAra kI vizeSatAyeM bhI haiM phira bhI sampUrNa bhAratIya yoga sAdhanA ke dvAra paraspara itane khule rahe ki udAratApUrvaka sabhI paramparAoM ne eka dUsare kI sAdhanA paddhatiyoM kI acchI bAtoM ko grahaNa karane meM kisI prakAra kA saMkoca nahIM rkhaa| isalie sabhI dharmoM meM ina yoga paddhatiyoM kA paryApta vikAsa huA aura sAhitya sRjana bhI vipula mAtrA meM huaa| hamAre deza ko prArambha se hI antarrASTrIya stara para AdhyAtmika guru ke rUpa *anekAnta bhavanam, bI-23/45-pI-6, zAradAnagara kAlonI, nabAvagaMja mArga, vArANasI- 221010

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jogaratnasAra ( yogaratnasAra) meM khyAti prApta karAne meM isa yoga-dhyAna paddhati kA yogadAna bhI sarvAdhika hai| jaina paramparA meM AcArya dharasena, kundakunda, zivArya, vaTTakera, devanandipUjyapAda, zubhacandra, haribhadra, guNabhadra, hemacandra, rAmasena aura yazovijaya jaise zatAdhika AcAryoM ne yogaviSayaka aneka zAstroM kA praNayana kiyaa| jainAcAryoM dvArA racita yogaviSayaka aneka choTe-bar3e grantha prakAzita ho cuke haiN| isake sAtha hI AdhyAtmika, tAttvika tathA AcAra saMbaMdhI, prAkRta, saMskRta, apabhraMza bhASA meM racita aneka graMthoM meM bhI 'prasaMgAnusAra' jainayoga-dhyAna paddhatiyoM kA bar3I hI sUkSmatA se vistRta vivecana dekhane ko milatA hai / itanA hI nahIM apitu isa bIsavIM zatAbdI meM bhI aneka vidvAnoM aura muniyoM ne jainayoga para kAphI grantha to likhe hI, sAtha hI jaina AgamoM meM bIja rUpa meM upalabdha tathA jainAcAryoM dvArA likhita yogaviSayaka, vizAla granthoM ke AdhAra para jainayoga kA prAyogika rUpa meM prabhAvI DhaMga se kAphI pracAra- prasAra bhI ho rahA hai| 'prekSAdhyAna' nAmaka nava pracalita prabhAvI jaina yoga-sAdhanA paddhati ke dvArA vartamAna yuga meM yoga ke prati logoM kA AkarSaNa bar3hA hai| vistRta jaina yoga-dhyAna paddhatiyoM ko prabhAvI banAkara inheM punaH pratiSThita karane meM prekSAdhyAna nAmaka yoga paddhati kA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna hai| kintu eka tarapha jaina- yoga kI punaH pratiSThA hetu zramaNa aura zrAvaka saMgha utsAhapUrvaka prayatnazIla haiM, vahIM yaha dekhakara bahuta kaSTa hotA hai ki deza ke konekone ke aneka maMdiroM tathA anya svataMtra hastalikhita zAstra bhaMDAroM meM saMrakSita Aja bhI yogaviSayaka aneka mahattvapUrNa grantha apane uddhAra kI pratIkSA meM haiN| yadi samaya rahate unakA uddhAra nahIM huA to saMbhavataH ve kucha samaya bAda naSTa ho sakate haiM aura hama hamezA ke lie isa mahattvapUrNa jJAna rAzi se vaMcita ho jaayeNge| ata: isa dizA meM hameM sadA jAgrata rahane kI AvazyakatA hai| isI uddezya se merI prArambha se hI hastalikhita zAstroM ke sampAdana/prakAzana ke prati gaharI ruci hai| pArzvanAtha vidyApITha meM yadyapi alpasamaya hI yaha kArya karane kA avasara prApta huA, phira bhI vidyApITha meM saMrakSita aneka hastalikhita granthoM meM se lagabhaga bAraha laghugranthoM kA kucha pUrNa, kucha- apUrNa sampAdana kArya kara liyA thaa| inameM se kucha kA zramaNa ke pichale aMkoM meM prakAzana ho cukA hai| usa samaya ke kucha adhUre sampAdita granthoM ko pUrA karane meM abhI bhI nirantara prayatnazIla rahatI huuN| isI zrRMkhalA meM 'jogaratnasAra' nAmaka laghugrantha prastuta hai / yadyapi isa grantha kI eka mAtra prati hone aura vaha bhI kAphI aspaSTa hone ke kAraNa isa kArya meM mujhe kAphI zrama aura samaya lagA, kintu mujhe isa bAta kI prasannatA hai ki vidyApITha ke nidezaka DaoN0 sAgaramala jI jaina ke nirantara protsAhana aura sahayoga se ise prakAza meM lAne kA mujhe saubhAgya prApta huA' 28

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 prastuta grantha kI pANDulipi kA paricaya ___ 'jogaratnasAra' nAmaka prastuta laghugraMtha kI pANDulipi pArzvanAtha vidyApITha ke pustakAlaya meM saMrakSita hai| prastuta pANDulipi meM kula 10 patra (20 pRSTha) haiN| prathama pRSTha ko chor3akara inake donoM ora likhA gayA hai| pratyeka patra kI lambAI 9 iMca aura caur3AI 5 iMca hai| patra ke cAroM ora 1 iMca jagaha chor3akara bIcoM-bIca lipibaddha kiyA gayA hai| pratyeka pRSTha meM 10-10 paMktiyA~ haiN| pratyeka paMkti meM 12 se 15 taka zabda haiN| isa grantha ko dekhane-par3hane se yaha purAnI hindI bhASA kA padyamaya mUla graMtha lagatA hai kintu isakA gaharAI se adhyayana karane se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki yaha grantha prAkRta yA saMskRta kA hindI padyAnuvAda hai, jo kavi dvArA caupAI aura dohA chandoM ke nibaddha kiyA gayA hai / granthAnusAra isameM kula 46 pada haiM; jinameM 23 doharA hai, jo pratyeka 9 se 10 taka kI paktiyoM ke pada (caupAI-chaMda meM racita) ke bAda likhe gaye haiN| lipi spaSTa hote hue bhI durUha hai, azuddhiyA~ bhI bharapUra haiN| granthanAma patra ke pratyeka hAziye para 'jogaratnasAra' grantha kA nAma likhA hai tathA kRti ke 45 veM pada meM grantha kA nAma 'ratnajoga' tathA viSaya 'aSTAMga joga' kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| kRti ke aMta meM "iti zrI ratnajoga zAstra bhASA samApta" likhakara samApana hai| ata: prastuta pANDulipi saMskRta yA prAkRta grantha kA hindI padyAnuvAda pratIta hotI hai| phira bhI isameM pratipAdya viSaya ke anusAra isa kRti kA upayukta nAma "jogaratnasAra' (yogaratnasAra) hI honA caahie| lekhaka evaM samaya isa kRti meM racanAkAra kA kahIM spaSTIkaraNa nahIM hai| parantu kRti ke 43veM pada kI tIsarI-cauthI paMkti ke yA anya ullekhoM ke anusAra 'magana' nAma sambhavataH racanAkAra kA hI lagatA hai| isI prakAra kavi ne apane guru 'pUraNasvAmI' ke nAma kA ullekha maMgalAcaraNa ke atirikta aura bhI kaI jagaha kiyA hai| kintu nizcita na hone se isa laghu grantha ko ajJAta kRrtRka hI mAnakara cala rahe haiN| grantha kA Arambha "OM zrI jinAya namaH" se kiyA gayA hai| paranta viSaya kI dRSTi se yaha grantha "jainayoga" se sambandha nahIM lgtaa| ata: spaSTa hai ki yaha grantha aSTAMga yoga se saMbaMdhita hai usameM bhI haThayoga kA spaSTa prabhAva isa para hai| isakI bhASA sahaja, sarala aura geya rUpa hai| aura hindI sAhitya ke madhyakAla jaisI pratIta hotI hai ata: isakA samaya bhI 18 vIM ke Asa-pAsa mAnA jA sakatA hai| NAMMAssosexss s sss

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jogaratnasAra (yogaratnasAra) viSaya paricaya yoga zabda kI vyutpatti yuj dhAtu se mAnI gaI hai, yaha dhAtu pANini ke anusAra do arthoM meM svIkRta hai- 1. saMyoga aura 2. smaadhi| paMtaJjali kRta yoga samAdhi artha meM svIkRta hai jabaki AcArya haribhadra ne sarvatra saMyogArthaka yoga ko hI svIkAra kiyA hai| isa prakAra artha kI dRSTi se donoM paramparAoM meM bhinnatA dikhAI detI hai, parantu aneka vibhinnatAoM ke hote hue bhI samAnatA kA AbhAsa hotA hai kyoMki 'samAdhi' sAdhya kA aura saMyoga sAdhanA kA pratIka hone se eka dUsare ke pUraka haiN|' maharSi pataJjali ne cittavRttiyoM ke nirodha ko yoga kI saMjJA dI hai, jabaki prAcIna jaina AgamoM meM mana-vacana aura kArya kI ekAgratA ko yoga kahA hai| AcArya umAsvAmI ne tattvArthasUtra meM 'kAya-vAG -mana:karma yogaH' (6/1) yoga ko paribhASita kiyA hai| jaina AgamoM meM AdhyAtmika sAdhanA ke saMdarbha meM yoga zabda kI apekSA saMvara, samAdhi, tapa, dhyAna Adi zabdoM kA prayoga, 'yoga' ke samAna artha meM haA hai| mUlAcAra (5/159) meM - sthAna, zayana, Asana Adi dharmopakAra ke hetubhUta vividha sAdhanoM se zAstrAnusAra vivekapUrvaka vRkSamUla, abhrAvakAza, AtApanAdi se zarIra ko paritApa denA, kAyakleza tapa kahA gayA hai tathA bhagavatIArAdhanA' (gAthA 222 se 227) meM Asana yoga, maganayoga, sthAnayoga, zayanayoga aura aparikarmaina pAMca yogoM meM kAyakleza tapa ko vibhakta kiyA gayA hai| prastuta pANDulipi meM yoga ke yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma, pratyAhAra, dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi ina ATha aMgoM kA prayogAtmaka rUpa meM varNana hai ise 'haThayoga' bhI kahA jAtA hai| yoga kI bhinna-bhinna vyAkhyAyeM dArzanikoM ne kI haiM parantu jaina paramparA meM yoga kA adhyayana AtmavikAsa ke carama zikhara para car3hane kA mArga mAnA gayA hai| bhAratIya darzana AtmA kA darzana hai aura isake lie sAdhanA arthAt yoga kA prathama sthAna hai| mana, vacana aura karma ko saMyata rakhanA hI zreSTha yoga hai| jaina darzana pratyeka vastu evaM bhAva meM nizcaya aura vyAvahArika ina do dRiSTiyoM se vizleSaNa karatA hai| ata: yoga ke bhI donoM pahaluoM para vicAra kiyA gayA hai| vyAvahArika dRSTi se Asana Adi kriyAyeM bAhya aura yama, niyama, dhyAna Adi kriyAyeM kA AtaMrika mAnI gayI haiN| yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma, pratyAhAra, dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi- ye yoga ke aSTAMga haiN| inameM prathama yama ke antargata- ahiMsA, satya, brahmacarya, aparigraha (tyAga), asteya jaise vratoM kA pAlana anivArya hai| isake pazcAt hI Age ke aMgoM kA prayoga saMbhava hai| siddhAsana, padmAsana jaise mudrAoM ko devatva kA gaurava prApta hai| sabhI ke lie mana, vacana, kAya kA ekAkAra honA jarUrI hai| vastuta: yama, niyamoM kI sAdhanA mAnasika pariSkAra ke lie Avazyaka hai to Asana, prANAyAma kA abhyAsa

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 zarIra ko suvyavasthita rakhane ke lie jarUrI hai| ina AraMbhika abhyAsoM ke bAda pratyAhAra, dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi kI yathArtha sAdhanA saMbhava hai aura tabhI aSTAMgayoga kI sAdhanA pUrNa aura saphala mAnI jAtI hai jo ki yoga viSayaka isa laghugrantha kA mUla pratipAdya viSaya bhI hai jise sampAdita rUpa meM pahalI bAra prakAzita karane meM prasannatA kA anubhava ho rahA hai| aba yaha sampUrNa mUla grantha prastuta hai| "jogaratnasAra" OM zrI jinAya namaH maMgalAcaraNa prathamai vaMdo Adiguru devA, tihi prasAdi pAIye nija bhevaa| Adi deva pUraNa guru svAmI', sarvabhUta mahi aNtrjaamii| AtmA kI khoja agama agocana lakhyo na jAI, kahA~ sai upajai kahAM jAI smaaii| tAko khojai deva muniMdrA, jatI jaMgama saMnyAsa jugiNdraa| Atma Adi alakha hai soI, sabha maiM rahaiM lakhai jana koii| japa-tapa maiM jagat ujhAnA,tana-mana kA kachu khoja na jaanyaa| nATAraMbha karai saMsArA, pUjA-pAThI bahu vistaaraa| veda-purAna par3he bahu pothI, gyAna binA sagarI hai thothii| yaMtra-maMtra bUTI pAkhaMDA, mAyA heta sahai jmdNddaa| triguNa mAhi jagata urujhAnA, urajha mUvA kachu bheda na jaanyaa||1|| doharA jagajhUlA jaMjAla maiM, suna-suna kathatA gyAna / tana-mana kI kachu sudha nahIM, kaka-vaka bhayA hairAna / / AtmA ke ahitakArI caupAI pAMca cora lAge yA saMgA, tAke bhItara paMca-paMca aNgaa| kAma-krodha-lobha-moha-mAyA, bina daMtA jina saba jaga khaayaa| tRSNA agni kAyA ko jArai, manasA nAgini le naraki utaarai| AsA kAla rahai ghaTa mAhI, ahi-nizi vyApai mara-mara jaahiiN| avara aneka duSTa hai lAgai, sanmukha sUjhai kabahuM na bhaageN| guru-jJAna kI mahimA gyAna khaDga' le mana kuM mArai, guru kA zabda ghaTa mAha vicaarai| 833333338888888

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doharA doharA caupAI SaTcakra jogaratnasAra ( yogaratnasAra) agama agocara yaha mana bhAI, sataguru pAyA jugati btaaii| prANapiMDa kA bheda lakhAyA, sabha dizi chAMDi Api ghara AyA / guru kA zabda gahai hathavAnA, caMcala miragA sthira ThaharAnA / / 3 / / caupAI bharama gayA tatha6a Apa pichAnA, khaMDa choDa piMDe urajhAnA | dharata pAtAla kahIye AkAzA, tIni loka ghara mAhiM prakAzA | jo khaMDe so piMDe kahIye, piMDai so brahmaMDe lahIye / aMDa rUpa zarIra kauM jAnyA, tAkai bhItari sabhai sthaanaa| jJAna bhaye satagurahi lakhAyA, sUkSama meM sthUla samAyA / paMcatattva kI mahimA doharA kSimA saMtoSa 'pUraNa svAmI' guru ghara pAiyA, upajI milA, TUTI bharama anabhaya rIta / bhItaH / / 4 / / kI paMcatattva' kA piMDa para maiM ThAnA, gurukirapA teM sahaja dRssttaanaa| tattva-tattva kA nyArA vAsa, pRthvI- appa-teja- vAyu AkAza / pRthvI piMDa appa hai pAvI, lohU teja vAya kara jaanii| AkAza bhAsa nai zabda kIyA, paMca tattva kA nAmasama lIyA / paMca tattva jAnai jogiMdrA, guru kA zabda le pAvai mudrA / / 5 / / paMcatattva kA piMjarA, tAmai paMchI prANa / trikuTI' Upara sunna hai, tahAM alakha puruSa niravAna / / 6 / / tahAM prANa piMDa vikhaDA bheda, mana pavanA lai sukha mana cheda / ajara viMda AsA dahi vAI, yukta binA rAkhI nahi jAI / viMDu karai vAya sadA nikasai, uradha kavala kachu kyoM kara vigasai / vAya SaTcakra' solA prANa- apAna- vyAna-samAnA, kUrmya - nAga - kIla- kacavAya, dhanaMjaya nAga vAya teM uThai udgAra, kUrmma vAya maiM netra AdhAra kIla kacavAI chIMka kau karai, devadatta jaMbhAI phuni dharai / / 7 / / AdhArA, cAra sunna tIna daza dvArA / vAya kahIyai udAnA / devadatta sabhai samAya" / paMcama dhanaMjaya sAdhIye, dRr3hakara jogAbhyAsa | 32

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 jAte phUlai deha sabha, choDi jAi taba svAsa / / 8 / / aSTAMgayogAnusAra ATha aMgoM ke nAma jogAbhyAsa kahIye aSTaMgA 1, sammukha jhUkai hoI nisNgaa| jogAbhyAsa nahIM AsAnA, ATha pahara kA yuddha bkhaanaa| tattva yoga bina mukti na hoI, tana-mana sAthai sUrA soii| aba ATha aMga ke varanoM nAma, yama-nema-Asana-prANAyAma ! pratyAhAra paMcamA kahIye, dhyAna-dhAraNA te nija pada lhiiye| aSTama aMga aba kahai samAdha, AThoM sAdhai miTai upAdha / / SaTkarma SaTkarma12 karai kAyA ko dhovai, bina SaT kI te ATha na hovai / netI-nivalI-basatI-dhotI, dhotI kara teM trANaka13 hotI / ATha-chaha sAdhai jina-jogI, dina-dina vAlA kabahu na rogI / so kahIye jogiMdra pUrA, ulaTai pavana bajAvai tUrA / / 9 / / doharA ulaTa pavana Uradha ko tAne, rahe sunna liva lAI / vaMka nAla ko ulaTa kai, gagana pahuce jAI / / 10 / / caupAI bheda yaka aba aura bakhAne, vaMda bheda mudrA phuni jaaneN| tAkai tIna bheda phuni kahai, jAkai sAthai nija pada lhai| manUvA bAMdhi prAna phuni bedhai, iMdrI mUMdi mera ko chedai| nAda viMda gAMThi jaba parai, ulaTa vIrya taba UparI cddhe| jahAM vArA sUraja solA vaMda, jo jAnai nahIM so kahI(hi)ye aMdha / vArA-solA samakara pIvai, cArau sAthai vArA jIvai / bhaya-AhAra-nidrA aru kAma, e cAri kalA sUraja ke naam| Urama dhUrama jota ujArA, cAra bheda bUjhe nistArA / prathame joga jukti kI yehI, jo sAdhe tisa parai na dehI / / 11 / / doharA dharaNa gagana ke aMtarai, caMda-sara4 ko mela / so yogI guru mukha lahai, agala kalA kaukhela / / 12 / / . caupAI aSTAMga yoga ke antargata ATha aMgoM ke lakSaNa

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jogaratnasAra (yogaratnasAra) 1. yama aba ATha aMga ke bhAkhau lachana, jivhA iMdrI svAda vicachana / haMsA5 corI cita nahIM devai, mAyA manasA vasi kari levai| sata-saMtoSa-kSimA mana gahai, sAdha-sevA maiM aha-nizi rhai| daMbha garbha16 parapaMca nahi gahai, prathamaiM lachana kAma ke lhai| 2. niyama nema aMga avara kahIyai dUjA, kAyA de bala Atma pUjA / dayA-dAna-saMyama vrata kareM, kAma-krodha citate prihrai| 3. Asana tIjA7 aMga Asana aba kahai, tAkai sAthai nijapada lhai| jete jIva tete phuni8 jAna, tAme doI Asana paradhAna / eka padma-siddhi phuni kahIye, e donoM bheda sataguru te lahIye / vAmaiM Upara dahanA pAvA dahine Upara vAma dharAvA / / 13 / / dohA . ulaTa dRSTi prakuTi dharai, hiradai dharIye dhyAna / bhaMga hai ghaTa saMcarai, tAM bhe19 bhagavAna / / 14 / / Asana ke mukhya prakAra padmAsana cibuka nivAI nIca phuni dharai, donoM hAtha pAIM ko kreN| vAma agUMThA vAma kara gahai, dAhane sau dAhanA gahi rhai| isa prakAra padmAsana jAna, aba dUjA Asana siddhi bakhAna / siddhAsana joni saMgha vAmeMdrI dharai, ulaTa-pavana pachama ko bhreN| dajA pAMva iMdrI para dharai, kaMdhayoni saMpIDana krai| ulaTi dRSTi Upara ko dekhai, bhUma ke madhya kachu acaraja dekhai| iha prakAra hai Asana kahai, tinha Asana kuM nihacala ghai| prathamai vAdhai mUla davArA, binA agni tahAM uThai ujArA / cAra dala kavala jahAM lAge vaMda, sapta pAtAla kI chuTakI saMdhi / cau ke madhye karai nivAsa, tava khulhai saMkhanI hoI prakAsa / / 15 / / dohA prathama kavala cAra mUla, dvitIya cakra sthAna / tAkeM Upari SaSThadala, guru kirapA te jAna / / 16 / /

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zramaNa / janavarI-mArca 1999 caupAI dohA caupAI nAr3iyoM ke nAma aura unake sthAna tAke adha Uradha bhItara lAge baMda, joga jukti syoM sAdho kaMda / tAkai Upara khaga aNDAkAra, sakala nADI" kA tahAM vistAra / nADI tiha Thaura, tAmai jIva vasai ika bhaura / tAmeM dazanADI paradhAna, tinake nAmahi karau vakhyAna / iDA-piMgalA- suSamani nAr3I, laMvaka - puruSA aru gaMdhArI / daMDa mAragI aura sumati jAna, satya saMkhinI mUla sthAna | tAmai tIna nAr3I paradhAna, iDA-piMgalA- suSamanA jAna / tIna paMtha - tInasthAna, tAkai Upari basai apAna pachama daMDa kA vikhaDA ghATa, jahAM tiha peMDA tahAM nija vATa / / 17 / / doharA karai, gamana caDha merudaNDa sUdhA bajra silA ko phori kai, rahai sUnya / / 18 / / mUlabaMdha 1 sthira ThaharAnA, nAbhicakra taba jAi samAnA / nAbhicakra daza aMgula nAla, pavana phera tAkau uchAla / tahAM zakti kuMDilinI kA DerA, dvAdaza haMsA zaktihi gherA / aSTa prakAra kuMDali hai kIyA, kuMDala vAMdhi nAbhi para dIyA / tahA~ nAbhi kamala kI viSaDI ghATI, niza-dina jau agni kI bhAThI / 4- prANAyAma tava jAi / liva lAI maiM tIna tattva ko vAsa, pAnI pavana agni paragAsa / tahAM vaMka nAla kA ulaTa duvArA, hara-hara hota zabda oMkArA / ajapAjApa tahAM phuni hoI, guru prasAda lakhai jana koI / hakAra zabda bAhara ko Avai sakAra zabda bhItara phuni jAvai / ziva hakAra hai zakti sakAra, ajapA jApa kA yahI vicAra / Wo aba cauthA aMga kahai prANAyAma 12, recaka - pUraka - kuMbhaka 23 nAma / / 19 / / tIna prakAra kau khela sataguru pUro jihi milai, 35 hai, viralo jAnai koi / iha vidhi pAvai soI / / 20 / /

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. jogaratnasAra (yogaratnasAra) caupAI letI vAra ko pUraka karai, kuMbhaka so jaugahi le rhai| recaka4 so jo chUTe vAi, tIna prakAra ye bheda khaaii| dvAdaza leke pUraka25 karai, SoDaza karake kuMbhaka bhre| daza oMkAra teM recaka hoI, oMkAkSara jApa ko jANai koii| taba kuMbhaka26 kuMbha saMpUraNa hoI, recaka pUraka rahi jAvai soii| taba ulaTa pavana pacchama ko cale, garajai gagana deha sabha26 hlai| prathama abhyAsa te upajai kaMpeva, adhika abhyAsatai upajai prsevr| taba bhavara guphA ke bhItara vaDai, ulaTi pulaTi mIDaMka hai prai| karama bhavaMgama sAdhai karamAM, ulaTai dehI palaTai crmaaN| chUTai bhikSA bhojana gAu, nihacala jogI tAkA naau| karama parama gama jAnai koI, sataguru milai kamAvai soI / / 21 / / doharA mana pavanA jaba eka hoMhi, lInabhaya nija naad| alakha puruSa taba pAi dayA, suvidhA miTI upaadhi||22|| caupAI eka aura guhya hai nArI, guru mukha jogI ki nahI vicaarii| agama-agocara uradha mukha dvArA, pazcima mAraga viSaDI dhaaraa| guru prasAdi jaba tihi dhari Avai, thara-thara karateM zarIra uThAvai tahAM vaMdha uDAnI nIkA lAge, jarA-maraNa tahAM sabha kidhu bhaage| rUkhe virakhe tAkA vAsA, AsA mAhI rahe niraasaa| dvAdaza kamala prANa kA vAsA, tAmai aSTa kamala prgaasaa| ulaTA mukha tAkA vigasAnA, joti sarva zabda prgaattaanaa| tahAM liMga zarIra kA vAsA, alaTai kavala taba hoI vigaasaa| kaMTha-kavala SoDaza jAna, ziva-zakti tahAM vasai smaan| tihi sthAna jIva kA vAsA, hika hakAra se milai svaasaa| so kahIye khaMDa piMDa kI saMdhi, tahAM lAgai jala rvi-cNd||23|| doharA viSaDA cakra kaMTha kA, tahAM jIva ziva kA vaas| ulaTa prANa pada mai vasai, nakha-zikha bhayA prakAza / / 24 / / 5. pratyAhAra caupAI tahAM pratyAhAra phuni kIjai bhAI, jAtai amRta agni nissaaii|

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 SoDaza nita sUra jai rahai, dvAdaza bAMdhe aMmRta khai| saba iMdrI tava sahaja milAvai, jaise kachuvA aMku0 sukcaavai| so dvAdaza prANAyAma kA pratyAhAra, guru kRpAte kalA vicaar| 6. dhyAna aba cyArabheda dhyAna ke bakhAne, nAsakA agra le manuvA Ane dhUma raMga tahA puhapa prakAsa, phuni kachu dIsai prtyaabhyaas| dUjai dhyAna teM Upara dekhai, rakta varNa nIlAMbara pekhai| sarva aMga tahAM vijalI damakai, miTai aMdherA tahAM acaraja cmkai| tIjI saMdhi bhRkuTI nija dvArA, jAke khulhai huI ujiyaaraa| dIpaka lATa tahAM jyoti dikhAvai, pAche soma maMDala huI jaave||25|| doharA anaMtarUpa jahA dekhI yahi, kahyA kachu nahIM jaaii| acaraja huI acaraja milyA, sataguru dIyA lkhaaii||26|| caupAI aba cauthA dhyAna gagana sthAna, tahAM dIsai alakha rUpa bhagavAna / akhaMDa dIpaka jalai vina vAtI, tahAM brahmaraMdha kI sUkSama ghaattii| anaMta rUpa tahAM anaMta prakAsA, guru pratApa tahAM kIye nivaasaa| so nija svarUpa sthAnA, jina jAnyA tina guru mukha jaanyaa| 7. dhAraNA aba paMca tattva kI dhAraNA kahai, jAtai piMDa sadA thira rhai| tAmai bIca maMtra sabha Avai, durlabha deha kou jana paavai| hiradai talai pRthivI sthAna, hema rUpa tAkA hai jaan| cAra koNa pRthvI hai tahAM, brahma deva vIjalama jhaaN| mana pavanA tahAM zramakara dharai, sudha visarai tahAM jIvata mrai| isa dhAraNA te vAyu ThaharAvai, kAyA jIti amara pada paavai||27|| dohA pRthvI tattva kI dhAraNA, viralA jANaI koi| manasA-vAcA-karmaNA, roga zoka nahIM hoI / / 28 / / caupAI appa tattva kI dhAraNA dUjI dhAraNA appa kI jAna, tAkA kaMTha bIca sthAna / prabhAcaMda sUta hai rUpa, vakAra bIja tahAM viSNu sruup|

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jogaratnasAra (yogaratnasAra) mana pavanA tahAM vasagata karai, vinaya vyAdhi kAla ko hrai| appa tattva kI dhAraNA kahI, satagurU te jaba anabhai lhii| teja tattva kI dhAraNA aba teja tattva kI dhAraNA jAna, naina nAsikA madhya sthaan| rakta varNa trikoNA hai tahAM, rudradeva vIjalama jahAM / tiha sthAna mana pavAnA dharai, brahmaga agni ko utapata kreN| aba teja tattva kI dhAraNA jAnI, guru kirapA teM sahaja dRissttaanii| vAyu tattva kI dhAraNA cauthI dhAraNA vAyu kI pAi, trikuTI sthAna jAI livalAI / zyAma raMgata tahAM Izvara deva, jaikAra vIja lai kIjai seva / / 29 / / dohA mana pavanA jaba eka huI, lIna bhaye nijnaad| mana-mana kI tahAM sudhi gaI, lAgI sunna samAdha / / 30 / / mana pavanA taba tihi dhari lyAvai, nihi cittavai tihi jAI smaavai| vAya tattva kI dhAraNA bhAkhI, koTa madhya kina viralai laakhii|| prakAza tattva kI dhAraNA AkAza tattva kA kavana svarUpa, jaise nirmala jala ko ruup| brahmaraMdha tAkA sthAna, tatra deta sadA ziva jaan| 'ha' kAra bIja Atma hai soI, mana pavanA tahA~ vasagata hoii| khulheM kapATa acaraja dRSTAvai, AkAza dhAraNA te mokSa pada paavai| paMca dhAraNA jAnai koI, bhinna bhinna sAdhai jogI khoI Atmatattva joga tai pAvai, nija svarUpa meM jAI smaavai| aba bhRkuTI tiharI mana kA ghATa, triveNI saMgama 1 tilaka llaatt| do dala kamala samaI sthAna, caMda-sUra le tahAM smaan||31|| dohA caMda-sUra ke aMtare, agama agocara sNgh| sataguru milai tapAiye, mana pavanA tahAM baMda / / 32 / / khecarI mudrA surata niratale nihacala rahai, kachu naina nAsikA niraMtara lhai| iDA-piMgalA-suSamanA ghATa, guru kRpA teM khulhe kapATa / guru prasAda kucha guru lacha kare, jivhA ulaTi kari tihi dhari dhrai| khecarI mudrA kA lAvai vaMda, ulaTi vAyu thira hovai kNd| MAMXxx888888888888

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zramaNa / janavarI-mArca 1999 doharA caupAI doharA tahAM bhaMvara guphA kA pazcima ghATa, merudaMDa zira Upara vATa / tahAM karai mahArasa amRtaM nIra, rudhira palaTai hove khIra (kSIra) / roga- zoga supanai nahIM Avai, jo ko bheda khecarI pAvai / kSudhA tRSNA - moha nahIM vyApai, jarA maraNa nahi duHkha saMtApai / sakala mudrA mahi khecarI paradhAna, siddha parama dou uttama jaan| jaba caughaTa ghATa-vATa tari Avai, taba Age mAraga sudhA pAvai / / 33 // janma-maraNa kA zaMkA surata samAnI zabda meM, nija gayA, nihacala bhayA zarIra / svarUpa gRha (ghara) dhIra / / 34 / / aba aSTa guru parvvata hai uttarakhaMDa, tAkai upari sapta brAMDa | prasAdi car3hayA akAza, tIna dala ghara cauthe vAsa / SaT gar3ha bheda gagana caDhi gAjyA, anahada upajI anahada vAjyA | trikuTI jyoti acaraja dRSTAnA, acaraja dekhi bhavara ulsstthaanaa| anAda anahadara 2 tahAM kiMgurI bAjai, avRMta varasai gaganA gAjai / garji- garji varasai nita gaganA, pazcama hU~ ulaTe mana maganA / sunna sarovara surata samAvai, suddha hoI acaraja pada pAvai / gAjai gagana camakai nita jyoti, kaMdhara varakhai mANaka motI / sutra sarovara tahAM acaraja dekhai, hai nAhI tahAM sama ki pekhai| una-mana ghATa - mana jAI samAnA, kathana vaka sakala visarAnA / / 35 / / una- mana lAgI sunna meM, nisadina tana- mana kI tahAM sudha gaI, pAyA 39 rahai galatAna / pada nirvANa / / 36 // caupAI jaisA agama paMtha amIsthAna, mAna sarovara kavala vigasAna / anaMta hajAra jahAM paMkhaDI jAgI, ajapAjapa 3 sau DoMDI lAgI / tAmai paramahaMsa kA vAsA, sohaM zabda tahAM paragAsA / tAmai caitanya puruSa kA vAsA, ulaTai kavala taba hoI vigAsA / tahAM brahmaraMdha 34 kI sUkSma ghATI, tAkai upari sila kI pATI | so alakha rUpa niraMjana sthAnA, tAmai bheTIye zrI bhgvaanaa| tihiM yathA namana bhaI pratIta, Atma tattva kI niramala rIta / 8. samAdhi

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jogaratnasAra (yogaratnasAra) aSTama aMga aba kahI samAdhaH5 tAmai sagarI miTe upaadh| sAdhana vAdhana kachu nahIM rahai, sagala tyAga nAda ko ghai| nAnA vidhi sau nAda kahAvai, tAkai sune vizama huI jaavai|| 37 / / dohA EEEEEEEEEEEEEE nAda nAda sabha ko kahai, nAda sunai jana koi| Aja rUpa niraMjanA, tattva pichAne soI / / 38 / / nAda- (dhvani) caupAI aba tAmai tIna nAda6 paradhAna, prathama nAda ko sakSama jaan| dvitIya nAda megha joM hoI, bhavara nAda tIjA hai soii| bhavana guMja tAkA hai nAma, so Atma puruSa kA kahIye dhaam| sunna zabda phuni kahiye soI, sakala utapata nAda teM hoii| Adi aMta nAda paradhAna, anahada nAda sadA ziva jaan| aMtara jyoti nAda taiM chAI, ApA cInhi caitanya gati paaii| tahAM nija paramAtmA kA vAsA, ulaTai kavala taba hoI vigaasaa| akhaMDa aDola alakha hai jahA~, carma dRSTi kI gama nahIM thaaN| divya cakSa se dekhai koI, sakala niraMtara eko soii| svayaMbhu pada nAma hai tAkA, anahada nAda mUla hai jAkA / / 39 / / doharA tahAM samAne jahAM tattvapada, kahyA kachu nahi jaaii| acaraja huI acaraja milyA, sataguru dIyA batAI / / 4 / / caupAI so nirbhaya mahala turIyA sthAna, nAda jotikuM Atma jAna / tahAM alakha rUpa acaraja 8 dRSTAvai, magana hoI mRtaka vismaavai9|| jaba AtmA paramAtmA ko mile, jaise loha0 pANI meM ghlai| taba gItA gAina kachu nahiM rahai, nija samAdhi ko taba hI lhai| tahAM nAhI-nAMhI sabha jaga kahai, acaraja rUpa kachu kahA na para hai| jahAM nAhI-nAMhI anajAnata kahai, jo jAnai so nijapada lhai| jo samAdhi mahi sukha nahIM koI, to kyuM nidrA samadhi na hoii| jo eka hohiM nidrA aru samAdhi, tauM kAhe karIye kaSTa upaadhi| sunna samAdhi maiM acaraja bhAI, kyA kahIye kachu kahyA na jAI acaraja huI acaraja paragAsA, acaraja Thaura acaraja kA vaasaa|

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 acaraja rUpa acaraja dRSTAnA, acaraja milyA acaraja gltaanaa| 41 / / doharA acaraja kahIye AtmA, acaraja jAkA bhess| acaraja mili acaraja bhayA, acaraja tAkau deSa / / 4 / / caupAI acaraja hoI acaraja jaba pAyA, acaraja upajai acaraja vismaayaa| pada apada do acaraja jAna, hai nAhI kI saMdhi pichaann| guru prasAdi magana gati pAI, kathana vadana kI sabha sudhi jAI kahai magana magana so nAhIM, bahuri na Avai jo jana jaahii| mRtaka hoI bhayA videha, nija samAdhi ke lakSaNa eh| tahAM hai alakha aura hI dUjA, nA tahAM jIva brahma kI puujaa| nAM tahAM sunna zabda AkAza, nAM tahAM madhya sUkSama vistaar| nAM tahAM tIni loka brAMDA, nAM tahAM divasa-rAti ravi-cadA / zUnya azUnya nAM tahAM hoU, doU kI saMdhi lakhai jana kouu||43|| doharA sanya-azanya nahi AtmA, kahiyA kacha na jaardd| hai nAhI kI saMdhi mai, sataguru rahai samAI / / 44 / / tihi prasAdi anabhaya pragaTAMnI, saumya buddhi taba upajI vaanii| aSTAMga joga kA bheda bakhAnA, Atma rUpa tAteM nija jaanyaaN| adhyAtma vidyA yaha kahIye bhAI, bhinna bhinna kari pragaTAI dikhaaii| grantha-nAma aSTAMga joga graMtha maiM bhAkhyA, ralajoga nAma graMtha kA raakhyaa| guru upadeza jo samajhai koi, Atmatatva ko pAvaiM soii| jogArambha Adi hai loI, jo sAthai so siddhA hoii| Atmabheda yA mAMhi batAyA, bhinna bhinna kara pragaTAI sunaayaa| jo samajhe tisa rahe na saMkA, bhAvai kou sunau rAja ke raMkA samajhi vicAra jo karaNI karai, guru prasAdi kabahUM nahiM marai / / 45 / / doharA Adi aMti vidhi joga kI, varanI tattva vicaar| manasA-vAcA-karmaNA, ratnajoga jina sAra / / 46 / / iti zrI ratlajogazAstra bhASA smaapt|| ||shubhN/bhuuyaat||

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jogaratnasAra (yogaratnasAra) saMdarbha ors mix s o vsi & jainasiddhAntabhAskara, varSa 42, 1989, I0, pR. 38. mUlAcAra kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana, DaoN0 phUlacanda jaina 'premI' pRSTha 180-181. lekhaka ne yoga vidyA ke gurunAma udghoSa kiyaa| (1) sata (2) raja (3) tama (prakRti ke guNa)-pAtaJjali yogapradIpa, prAcIna saMskaraNa, pR0 85. talavAra 6. dIvAla tattva (yArtha). paMcatattva- pRthviI, apa, teja, vAyu aura AkAza. trikuTI - donoM bhauhoM ke madhya kA sthaan| ise bhrUmadhya bhI kahate haiM. SaTcakra isa prakAra haiM- mUlAdhAracakra, svAdhiSThAnacakra, maNipUraka, anAhata,vizuddha aura AjJAcakra. dasa prANavAyu isa prakAra haiM - prANo'pAna: samAnazcodAna vyAnau ca vaayvH| nAga: kUrmo'tha kRkaro devadatto dhanaMjayaH / gorakSasaMhitA prANa, apAna, samAna, vyAna, udAna, nAga, kUrma, kUkara, devadatta aura dhnNjy| inameM Arambhika 5 vAyu mukhya haiM, zeSa pAMca vAyu kA kArya isI caupAI meM batalAyA hai| prArambha kI pAMca vAyu meM prANavAyu hRdaya meM, apAna guhyadeza meM, samAna nAbhimaNDala meM, udAna kaNTha meM aura vyAnavAyu sampUrNa zarIra meM sthita hai| pAtaMjala yogapradIpa, (prAcIna saMskaraNa), pR0 255-26 aSTAMga isa prakAra haiM- yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma, pratyAhAra, dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi. SaTkarma dhauti, basti, neti, trATaka, nauti aura kpaalbhaati| trATaka aSTAMgayoga meM 'iDA' nAr3I ko 'candra' aura 'piMGgalA' nAr3I ko 'sUrya' nAma se abhihita kiyA jAtA hai| hiMsA 11. 12. or or 15.

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 16. 17. 18. mUlapATha-dUjA puni, prApta= mileMge. manuSya kI prANavAhinI nAr3iyA~ asaMkhya haiM / inameM pramukha isa prakAra haiM- 1. suSumnA, iDA, piMgalA, gAMdhArI, hastajihvA, pUSA, yazasvinI, zUrA, kuhu, sarasvatI, vArur3I, alambuSA, citrA, vizvodarI, zaGkhinI aadi| vaha kendra jahAM samasta avaziSTa saMvedanAeM saMcita haiM vaha mUlAdhAra cakra kahalAtA hai, vahA~ para kuNDalita kriyAzakti ko 'kuNDalinI' kahA jAtA hai| Asana ke sthira hone para zvAsa-prazvAsa kI gati ko rokanA prANAyAma hai| ye prANAyAma ke tIna bheda haiN| zvAsa ko bAhara nikAlakara usakI svAbhAvika gati kA abhAva / svAsa aMdara khIMcakara usakI svAbhAvika gati kA abhAva / zvAsa-prazvAsa donoM gatiyoM ke abhAva se prANa ko ekadama jahAM kA tahAM roka denA -ye tIna bheda prANAyAma ke haiN| pAtaMjala yogapradIpa -pR0441. saba 22. 24. 25. 27. 27. 28. pasInA 30. indriyoM ke viSayoM se vimukha hokara antarmukhI honaa| "svaviSayAsmaprayoge cittasya svarUpAnukAra ivendriyANA pratyAhAraH / / pAtaMjala yogapradIpa-455. aNg| 'iMDA' ko 'gaMgA' 'piMgalA' ko 'yamunA' tathA ina donoM ke madhyasthAna meM jAne vAlI nAr3I suSumnA ko 'sarasvatI' kahate haiN| isa triveNI ke saMgamasthAna ko triveNI saMgama kahate haiM jo ki bhRkuTI ke bhItara hai - pAMtajala yogapradIpa - pR0 241. bhautika jagat ke pare jo divyadhvani haiM, jo sabhI dhvaniyoM kA srota hai|svaamii satyAnanda sarasvatI, AsanaprANayAmamudrAbaMdha, pRSTha-352. svAmI satyAnaMda sarasvatI 'so'haM' jApa kI sampUrNa yoga prakriyA - 'dhyAna' tantra ke Aloka meM, - pR0 166. kisI maMtra ko bArambAra duharAne ko japa kahate haiM, parantu jaba maMtra kI sahaja hI AvRtti hone lagatI hai taba japa-ajapA bana jAtA hai| vahI, 15vAM adhyAya, pRSTha 150.

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34. 36. 37. jogaratnasAra (yogaratnasAra) utkRSTa sthAna (jahAM AtmA ko paramAtmA kA darzana ho jAtA hai|) aSTama aMga- dhyAna kI carama prinnti| nAda-cetanA kA pravAha (sAmAnya artha meM dhvni)| anahada nAda- divyadhvani / Azcarya (AtmA kA paramAtmA se milana kA anubhava) / muskraaye| khUna / lekhaka kA nAma pratIta hotA hai| 38. 39. 40. 41.

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chanda kI dRSTi se titthogAlI prakIrNaka kA pATha nirdhAraNa - atula kumAra prasAda siMha* prakIrNaka zabda 'pra' upasargapUrvaka 'kR' dhAtu se 'kta' pratyaya sahita niSpanna 'prakIrNa' zabda se 'kan' pratyaya hone para banA hai| isakA zAbdika artha hai - nAnA saMgraha, phuTakara vastuoM kA saMgraha aura vividha vastuoM kA adhyaay| jaina sAhitya meM 'prakIrNaka' vizeSa pAribhASika zabda ke rUpa meM prayukta huA hai, jisakA sAmAnya artha hai' - muktaka vrnnn| AcArya AtmArAma jI ne prakIrNaka kI vyAkhyA nimna prakAra se kI hai- "arihanta ke upadiSTa zrutoM ke AdhAra para zramaNa nirgrantha bhakti bhAvanA tathA zraddhAvaza mUlabhAvanA se dUra na rahate hue jina granthoM kA nirmANa karate haiM, unheM prakIrNaka kahate haiN|" paramparAgata mAnyatA ke anusAra jisa tIrthaMkara ke tIrtha meM jitane sAdha hote haiM usa samaya utane hI prakIrNaka mAne gaye haiN| isa prakAra bhagavAn mahAvIra ke tIrtha meM caudaha hajAra sAdhuoM ke itane hI prakIrNaka hone cAhie para yaha kevala mAnyatA hai| vartamAna meM upalabdha adhikatama 33 prakIrNaka haiM jinameM se mAtra 10 prakIrNaka zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka sampradAya meM Agama-rUpa meM mAnya haiN| __ isa lekha kA viSaya titthogAlI prakIrNaka meM katipaya gAthAoM ke pATha kA chanda kI dRSTi se punarnirdhAraNa hai| isake lie muni puNya vijaya jI dvArA saMpAdita aura mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, bambaI se do bhAgoM meM prakAzita paiNNaya suttAI nAmaka graMtha meM saMkalita 32 prakIrNakoM meM se 20vAM titthogAlI nAmaka prakIrNaka ke pATha ko AdhAra mAnA gayA hai| isa prakIrNaka meM kula 1261 gAthAe~ saMkalita haiM, jinameM kaI gAthAoM ke pAThAntara zabdoM kA ullekha pAdaTippaNa yA gAthA meM hI koSThaka meM kiyA gayA hai| tathA unameM se kaI eka pATha nirdhArita na kara useM yo hI chor3a diyA gayA hai| prastuta lekha meM ina gAthAoM kA chanda kI dRSTi se pATha nirdhArita karane kA prayAsa kiyA gayA prastuta titthogAlI prakIrNaka meM sarvAdhika gAthAe~ 'gAthA' chanda meM nibaddha haiN| mAtra 20 padya 'anuSTupa chanda kI, 6 padya 'gAhU' chanda kI aura 7 padya 'udgAthA' chanda meM nibaddha haiN| inameM anaSTapa kI bIsa padyoM meM se pA~ca (gA0 1115 se 1119) gAthAe~ samavAyAMga meM prApta hotI haiM tathA sAta gAthAe~ (1121-27) samavAyAMga sUtra * zodhachAtra, jaina-bauddha darzana vibhAga, prAcya vidyA dharmavijJAna saMkAya, kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vaaraannsii|

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chanda kI dRSTi se titthogAlI prakIrNaka kA pATha nirdhAraNa ke AdhAra para hI racI gayI pratIta hotI haiN| zeSa 1228 padya 'gAthA' chanda meM haiN| para ye sabhI mAtrA kI dRSTi se pUrNa nahIM haiN| inameM mAtra 521 gAthAe~ hI mAtrA kI dRSTi se pUrNa haiN| arthAt inake pUrvArddha meM 30 mAtrAe~ aura uttarArddha meM 27 mAtrAe~ haiN| zeSa kI 382 gAthAe~ aisI haiM jinake pUrvArddha yA uttarArddha meM eka mAtrA kama hai, 103 gAthAoM ke pUrvArddha yA uttarArddha meM eka mAtrA adhika hai, 15 gAthAoM ke pUrvArddha aura uttarArddha donoM meM eka-eka mAtrA adhika hai, 77 gAthAoM ke donoM addhAliyoM meM eka-eka mAtrA kama hai tathA 32 gAthAoM ke pUrvArddha aura uttarArddha meM se eka meM eka mAtrA kama tathA dUsare meM eka mAtrA adhika hai| ina gAthAoM meM antima gaNa ke anta laghu ko guru kara yA anta guru mAtrA ko laghu kara chanda kI mAtrA pUrI kara lI gayI hai| aisI kula (382+103+15+77+32) 609 gAthAe~ haiN| isa prakAra (521+609) 1130 gAthAeM pUrNa haiN| inameM anuSTupa kI 20, gAhU kI 6 aura udgAthA ke 7 padya jor3a dene para 1163 padya mAtrA kI dRSTi se pUrNa haiN| inameM gAhU ke 2 aura udgAthA ke do padya meM bhI aMtima laghu kA guru kara mAtrA pUrI kI gayI hai| isake pazcAt zeSa bace hue 98 padya ke pATha mAtrA kI dRSTi se apUrNa haiN| jinheM chandoM ke AdhAra para bhinna-bhinna hastalikhita pratiyoM ke pATha ko sAmane rakhakara punarnirdhAraNa kiyA gayA hai| ye gAthAe~ nimna prakAra haiN| 56 maNigaNa 1 dIvasihAra vi ya tuDiyaMgA3 bhiMga4 taha ya koviinnaa5|30maa. urusa (?sa) ha 6 Amoya 7 pamoyA 8 cittarasA 9 kapparUkkhA 10 ya / / 28 mA. prastuta gAthA ke uttarrArddha meM 27 kI jagaha 28 mAtrAe~ haiM aura antima laghu hai jise kama nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| yahA~ 'pamoyA' zabda kI jagaha 'pamoya' kara dene se 27 mAtrA pUrNa ho jAtI hai| 67 mUla-phala-kaMda nimmalanANAvihaiTTagaMdha-rasabhogI / 30 mAtrA vavagayarogAyaMkA surUva suraduMdubhi (bhI) thaNiyA / / 26mAtrA prastuta gAthA ke uttarArddha ke koSThaka ke pAThAntara 'bhI' ko 'bhi' kI jagaha rakhane se mAtrA pUrNa ho jAtI hai| 70 osappiNIimIe taiyAe samAe pacchime bhAe / 32 mA. paliovamaTThabhAge sesammi u kulagaruppattI / / 27 mA. yahA~ pUrvArddha ke taiyAe samAe ke donoM e ko vikalpa se laghu mAna lene para mAtrA pUrNa ho jAtI hai| 92 osappiNIimIse taiyAe samAe pacchime bhAge / 32 caiUNa vimANAo uttarasADhAhiM nakkhatte / / 28 yahA~ bhI pUrvArddha ke taiyAe samAe ke e ko lagha tathA uttarArddha ke vimANAo 888

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 ke o ko laghu kara dene para mAtrA pUrNa hotI haiN| yahA~ yaha dhyAna dene kI bAta hai ki sAnusvAra ikAra tathA hikAra, evaM zuddha athavA vyaJjanayukta ekAra, okAra saMyukta repha tathA hakAra se pUrva kA varNa - ye sabhI vikalpa se guru hote haiN|' 151 to taM dasaddhavaNNaM piMDaga (? bhU) yaM chamAyale vimale / 28 sohai navasarayammi va sunimmalaM joisaM gayaNe / / 27 isameM 'yaM' ke pahale ke koSThaka ke 'bhU' ko jor3a dene para artha kI spaSTatA aura mAtrA kI pUrNatA ho jAtI hai isI prakAra 152vIM gAthA ke pUrvArddha ke mUla 'ka' ko haTA kara koSThaka ke 'ya' aura 'kkaM' ko mUla gAthA meM lAkara disiyakkaM kara dene se artha spaSTa hone ke sAtha mAtrA bhI pUrNa hotI hai| vartamAna kA 'disika' zabda artha kI dRSTi se aprAsaMgika hai| koSThaka kA 'magha' zabda yahAM aprAsaMgika lagatA hai| gAthA isa prakAra 152 taha kAlAgaru-kuMduruyadhUvamagha (magha) maghetadisi (?ya) ka (?kkN)|26 kAuM surakaNNAo ciTuMti pagAyamANIo / / 27 yaha 'gAhU' chanda ke antargata AtA hai| 159 tatto alaMbusA1 misaketI (sI) 2 taha puMDari (rI) giNI 3 ceva / 28 vAruNi 4 AsA 5 savvA 6 sirI 7 hirI 8 ceva uttarao / / 27 mA. ___ yahA~ pUrvArddha ke (rI) zabda ko mUla ke 'ri' ke sthAna para rakhane para aura aMtima mAtrA ko guru kara dene se 30 mAtrA ho jaayegii| 225 chajjati suravariMdA ucchaMgagae jiNe dhremaannaa|30 abhiNavajAe kaMcaNadume vva pavara (?re) dharemANA / / 26 yahA~ uttarArddha meM anta meM guru mAtrA hone se 'pavara' zabda ke ra ke sthAna para (re) rakhakara mAtrA pUrNa kiyA hai| 229 savvosahi-siddhatthaga-hariyAliya-kusumagaMdhacuNNe y| 29 ANeti te pavittaM daha-nai-taDamahi (TThi) yaM ca surA / 26 prastuta gAthA ke uttarArddha ke 'naI' kA vaikalpika rUpa 'naI' (nadI) rakhane para gAthApUrNa hotI hai| 231 abhisiMcai dasa vi jiNe sapari (rI) vAro phtttthmuhkmlo| 29 pahayapaDupaDaha - duMduhi - jayasahugghosaNaraveNaM / / 27 / / prastuta gAthA ke pUrvArddha meM 'saparivAro' zabda ke ri kI jagaha (rI) rakha dene se pATha pUrNa ho jAtA hai| 242 sasurAsuranigghoso kahakaha-ukkaDi (TThi) klylsnnaaho| 29 suvvai dasasu disAsuM pkkhuhiymhodhisriccho|| 27

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chanda kI dRSTi se titthogAlI prakIrNaka kA pATha nirdhAraNa yahA~ parvArddha meM 'ukkaDi' (chinna) ke badale prasaMgAnusAra 'ukkaTThi (harSadhvani) zabda ucita hai tathA chanda bhI pUrA ho jAtA hai| 261 suThyaraM jesiM puNa kusu (ssa) ipuNNA niraMtaraM knnnnaa| 29 bhAveNa bhaNNamANaM nisuNaMtu surA'surA savve / / 27 yahA~ pUrvArddha meM (kusai) kuzruti kA vyAkaraNasammata prAkRta rUpa nahIM hai| 'zru' ke ra kA sarvatralavarAM avandre sUtra se lopa hone ke bAda anAdauzeSAdezaudvitvaM satra se zeSa sa (zaSo saH) kA dvitva hokara kussuI honA caahie| yahAM koSThaka kA (ssu) sahI , 268 cuNNaM nANAvaNNaM vatthANi ya bhuvihppgaaraaiN| 30 mukkAI saharisehiM surehiM rayaNANi ya bahUNi / / 28 yahA~ uttarArddha ke tRtIyA bahuvacana ke rUpa 'saharisehiM surehiM' ke 'anusvAra rahita rUpa' 'saharisehi surehi' kara anta laghu ko guru karake chanda ko pUrA kiyA gyaa| 308 heTThimagevejjAo saMbhava, paumappahaM uvrimaao|30 majjhimagejjacuyaM vadAmi jiNaM supAsarisiM / / 25 uparokta gAthA ke uttarArddha meM 'gejja' (mathita) zabda yahA~ aprAsaMgika hai| yahA~ vimAna se cyuta hone kA prasaMga hai| 'graiveyaka' kA prAkRta rUpa 'gevejja' hotA hai| isase chanda pUrti bhI ho jAtI hai| 314 usabho ya bharahavAse, (?ya) bAlacaMdANaNo ya erve| 29 egasamaeNa jAyA dasa vi jiNA vissdevaahi|| 27 uparokta pUrvArddha ke koSThaka ke (ya) zabda ko mUla gAthA meM zAmila kara dene se pAdapUrti ho jAtI hai| 349 usabho ya bharahavAse (?ya) bAlacaMdANaNo ya erve| 29 ___ ajio ya bharahavAse, eravrayammi ya sucNdjinno|| 27 uparokta gAthA meM koSThaka ke (ya) ko mUla meM zAmila kara pAdapUrti kara diyA gayA hai| 373 culasItI 1 bAvattari 2 saTThI 3 pannAsa 4 catta 5 tIsA 6 ya / 29 vIsA 7 dasa 8 do 9 egaM 10 ca huti puvvANa lakkhAI / / 27 isameM pUrvArddha ke 'saTThI' zabda kA pratipATha saTTi tti hai jise mUla meM le Ane para chanda pUrNa ho jAtA hai| 374 culasItI11 bAvattari12 (?ya) saTThi13 tIsa14 dasa15 paMca16 tinneva 17 / 28 egaM ca sayasahassaM 18 vAsANaM hoti vineyN| 26 yahA~ pUrvArddha meM koSThaka ke (ya) zabda ko mUla gAthA meM zAmila kara chanda pUrA

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zramaNa / janavarI-mArca 1999 kiyA gayA hai| 382 culasItI1 bAvattari 2 (?) saTTi 3 tIsa4 dasa vAsalakkhAiM 5 | 29 sahassAiM 6 chappannA 7 bArase gaM paNNaTThi 8-9 c||26 isameM pUrvArddha meM koSThaka ke (ya) ko mUla gAthA meM zAmila kara pAdapUrti kI gayI hai| 400 sumaittha niccabhatteNaM niggao, vAsupujjo jiNo cauttheNa / / 35 pAso mallI vi ya aTTameNa, sesA u chaTTeNaM / / 27 isameM pUrvArddha ke sabhI okAra aura ekAra ko vikalpa se laghu mAtrA mAnI gayI hai| 411 caMpaga 20 baule 21 veDasa 22 dhAvoDaga (? dhAyairukkhe ya) 23 sAlate24 ceva / 26 nANyAMya rukkhe jiNehiM ee aNuggahiyA / / 28 / / isa gAthA meM 'dhAvoDaga' ke badale koSThaka meM ullikhita pratipATha (dhAyairukkhe ya) rakhane se 29 mAtrA hotI hai / anta ke eka laghu ko guru mAnakara chanda pUrA kiyA gayA hai / dUsare dhAyavRkSa ke lie dhAyairukkhe' prAkRta meM milatA bhI hai| uttarArddha ke antima mAtrA ko laghu kara 27 mAtrA kiyA gayA hai| 416 e kkArasi 1 ekkArasi 2 paMcami 3 cAuddasI 4 ya ekkarasI 5 / 30 punnima 6 chaThThI 7 paMcami 8 ( paMcami9) taha sattamI 10 navamI 11 / / 23 yahA~ uttarArddha paMkti viSaya varNana kI dRSTi se bhI apUrNa hai| yahA~ koSThaka meM upalabdha (paMcami9) ko mUla gAthA meM zAmila kara pAdapUrti kI gayI hai| kAlAguru- kuMdurukkamIseNaM / 30 gaMdheNa maNahareNaM (?) dhUvaghaDiyaM viuvveMti / / 25 yahA~ uttarArddha meM koSThaka ke (ca) ko gAthA meM zAmila kara lene para tathA antima mAtrA ko guru kara pAdapUrti hotI hai / 427 tatto ya samaMteNaM 443 je bhavaNavaI devA avaraddAre tao (?) pavisaMti / 28 teNaM ciya joisiyA devA daiyAjaNasamaggA / / 27 yahA~ pUrvArddha meM koSThaka ke (ya) ko zAmila kara tathA antima mAtrA ko 'guru' kara 30 mAtrA pUrI kI gayI hai / 451 evaM navasu vi khettesu purima- pacchima ( ga ) - majjhimajiNANaM / 29 vocchaM gaNaharasaMkhaM jiNANa, nAmaM ca paDhamassa / / 26 yahA~ pUrvArddha ke koSThaka ke (ya) ko pAdapUrti ke lie zAmila kiyA gayA hai| usabhajiNe culasItI (ya) gaNaharA usabhaseNaAdIyA 1 / 29 ajiyajiNiMde nautiM tu, sIhaseNo bhave Adi2 / / 27 49 452

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500 chanda kI dRSTi se titthogAlI prakIrNaka kA pATha nirdhAraNa yahA~ pUrvArddha ke koSThaka ke (ya) ko pAdapUrti ke lie zAmila kiyA gayA hai| dasakoDi (saya) sahassAI aMtaraM jassa udahinAmANaM / 29 taM saMbhavAo abhiNaMdaNaM viNIyAe uppaNNaM / / 29 isa gAthA ke pUrva aura bAda kI gAthA meM 'sayasahassAI' zabda hai| viSaya kI kramabaddhatA kI dRSTi se isameM bhI 'sayasahassAI' zabda honA caahie| yahA~ (saya) koSThaka meM hai jise mUla gAthA meM zAmila kiyA gayA tathA donoM addhAliyoM ke antima guru ko laghu kara chanda pUrA kiyA gyaa| uttarArddha ke 'e' kI laghugaNanA bhI kI gayI 503 paumAbhAo supAsa vANArasiuttamaM samuppaNNaM / 31 taM sAgarovamANaM koDisahassehiM navahiM jinnN|| 29 yahA~ pUrvArddha meM aMtima guru ko laghu kara tathA uttarArddha meM 'sahassehiM navahiM' zabda ke anusvAra ko haTAkara mAtrA pUrNa kI gayI hai| 506 koDIhiM navahiM bhahilapurammi sIyalajiNaM smuppnnnnN| 32 rayaNAgarovamANaM viyANa taM pupphadaMtAo / / 27 yahA~ pUrvArddha ke 'koDIhiM navahiM' zabda (tRtIya bahuvacana) ke anusvAra ko vikalpa se haTAkara pAda pUrNa hotA hai| 511 navahi viyANasu navacaMpagappabhaM sAgarovama (?sAgarA) smuppnnnnN| 32 tamaNaMtamaujjhAe vimalAo gatigayaM vimalaM / / 27 yahA~ 'sAgarovama' ke okAra ko laghu tathA anta guru ko laghu kara dene se pAdapUrti ho gayI hai| 520 tesIyasahassehiM saehiM aTThamehiM varisehiM / 32 nemIo samuppaNNaM vArANasisaMbhavaM pAsaM / / 28 yahA~ pUrvArddha ke 'saehiM' ke e ko laghu kara tathA donoM arddhAliyoM ke antima guru ko laghu kara mAtrA pUrI kI gayI hai| 521 vAsasaehiM viyANaha aDDAijjehiM naaikulkeuN| 32 pAsAo samuppaNNaM kuMDapurammI mhaaviirN|| 28 yahA~ pUrvArddha meM tRtIyA ke rUpa kramaza: 'saehiM' aura aDDAijjehiM ke anusvAra ko vikalpa se haTAkara tathA uttarArddha ke anta guru ko laghu kara chanda pUrNa kiyA gayA 527 usabho ya bharahavAse, bAlacaMdANaNo ya erve| 29 dasa vi ya uttarasADhAhiM pUvvasurammi siddhigyaa|| 28 yahA~ pUrvArddha meM sabhI mAtrA pUrNa hone ke bAvajUda 29 mAtrA hai| uttarArddha meM pUvva

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 galata prayoga hai yahA~ 'puvva' hokara 27 mAtrA ho jAtI hai| 579 putto payAvatissA miyAvaIkucchisaMbhavo bhyvN| 30 nAmeNa (? nAmA) tiviTThaviNhU AdI AsI dasArANaM / / 28 yahA~ uttarArddha ke 'tiviTThaviNhU' zabda kI jagaha prasaMga se saMbaddha aura grantha ke pAdaTippaNa meM diye gaye pAThAntara 'tivihaduvihU' zabda ucita hai| isase pAdapUrti bhI ho jAtI hai| 591 acalassa vi amarapariggahAI eyAiM pvrrynnaaii| 32 sattUNaM ajiyAiM samaraguNapahANageyAI / / 27 yahA~ pUrvArddha ke 'eyAI' ke e ko tathA antima mAtrA ko laghu mAnakara mAtrA pUrNa kiyA gayA hai| 632 corA rAyakulabhayaM, gaMdha-rasA jijjhihiMti aNusamayaM / 30 / / dunbhikkhamaNAvuTThI ya nAma pa (?ba) liyaM pavajji (?jjI) hI (?) / / 26 yahA~ uttarArddha meM 'pavajjihI' zabda ke 'jji' ke vaikalpika koSThaka ke 'jjI' ko rakhane para pAda pUrNa ho jAtA hai| 670 AloiyanissallA samaNIo paccakkhAiUNa ujjuttA / / 34 __ucchippihiti dhaNiyaM gaMgAe aggavegeNaM / / 27 yahA~ pUrvArddha meM okAra ko laghu mAnakara tathA 'paccakkhAiUNa' kI jagaha paccakkhANesu kara tathA anta guru ko laghu mAnakara pAdapUrti kI gayI hai| 682 pADivato nAmeNaM aNagAro te ya suvihiyA samaNA / 30 dukkhaparimoyaNaTTA chaTTa'TTamata (ve) vi kAhiMti / / 25 yahA~ uttarArddha meM koSThaka ke (ve) ko gAthA meM zAmila karane se bhAva ke binaa| parivartana hue chanda pUrNa ho jAtA hai| 683 roseNa misimi (saMto) so kaivAhaM taheva acchI ya / 25 __ aha nagaradevayAo appaNiyA vittivesiyA (beti 'he rAya!) / / 26 yahA~ pUrvArddha ke koSThaka ke (saMto) zabda ko 'misimi' ke sAtha jor3a dene aura uttarArddha ke koSThaka ke (beMti 'he rAya!) vAkyAMza ko 'vittivesiyA' ke sthAna para rakhane se aMta laghu ko guru kara chanda ko pUrA karane ke sAtha gAthA kA artha bhI prasaMgAnusAra susaMgata ho jAtA hai| 688 so dAhiNalogapatI dhammANumatI ahmmdutttthmtii|30 jiNavayaNapaDi (DI) kuThe nAsehiti khipyameva tayaM / / 26 yahA~ uttarArddha meM 'paDi' ke sthAna para koSThaka kA (DI) zabda rakhakara 'paDIkuTuM' banA dene se chanda pUrA ho jAtA hai| aoxsssss&

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chanda kI dRSTi se titthogAlI prakIrNaka kA pATha nirdhAraNa 717 kehi vi virAhaNAbhIruehiM aibhIruehiM kammANaM / 32 samaNehiM saMkililaiM paccakkhAyAI bhattAI / / 29 yahA~ pUrvArddha meM 'e' ko laghu mAtrA mAnakara tathA uttarArddha meM tRtIyArUpa samaNehi ke ekAra ko aura anta guru ko laghu mAnakara chanda pUrA huaa| 728 so bhaNati eva bhaNie asi (?li) TukiliTThaeNa vayaNeNaM / 29 __ "na hu tA ahaM samatyo iNhiM bhe vAyaNaM daauN| 27 yahA~ pUrvArddha ke koSThaka ke (li) ko gAthA meM zAmila kiyA gayA hai| 733 bArasavihasaMbhoge (ya) vajjae to tayaM samaNasaMgho / 29 'jaM ne jAijjaMto na vi icchasi vAyaNaM dAuM' / / 26 yahA~ (ya) ko pAdapUrti rUpa meM rakhA gayA hai| 736 pAriyakAussaggo bhattaTTito (TTitao) va ahava sajjhAe / 29 nito va aiMto vA evaM bhe vAyaNaM daahN"|27 yahA~ 'dvito' kI jagaha koSThaka ke (dvitao) rakhakara bhattaTThitao rUpa rakhane se mAtrA pUrNa huii| 741 ujjuttA mehAvI saddhAe vAyaNaM alabhamANA / 30 aha te thovatho (tyo) vA savve samaNA vinissariyA / / 26 / / yahA~ thovatho kI jagaha thovattho karane se chanda pUrNa huaa| 744 saMdaraaTThapayAiM aTTahiM vAsehiM aTThamaM puvvN| 32 bhiMdati abhiNNahiyato AmeleuM aha pvtto|| 27 yahA~ tRtIyA rUpa aTThahiM vAsehiM ko anusvArarahita rUpa banA die jAne se chanda pUrA ho gyaa| 748 ekaM tA bhe pucchaM kettiyamettaM mi sikkhito hojjaa?|31 kettiyametaM ca gayaM? aTThahiM vAsehiM kiM laddhaM?' / / 29 yahA~ bhI tRtIyA rUpa aTThahiM vAsehi ko anusvAra rahita rUpa karane se chanda pUrNa hotA hai| 750 so bhaNati eva bhaNie 'bhIto na vi tA ahaM samattho mi / 29 appaM ca mahaM AuM bahU (ya) suyamaMdaro seso' / / 26 / yahA~ uttarArddha ke koSThaka yukta (ya) ko gAthA meM zAmila kara 'bahUya' rUpa banAne se chanda pUrNa hotA hai| 761 'natthettha koi sIho, so ceva ya esa bhAuo tumbhN| 30 iDDhIpatto jAto (to) suyaiSTuiM payaMsei' / / 24 yahA~ uttarArddha meM koSThaka ke (to) ko gAthA meM zAmila kara anta laghu ko guru

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 karane se chanda pUrNa huaa| 764 dupu (? ugghu) tumahurakaMThaM so pariyaTTei tAva pADhamayaM / 29 bhaNiyaM ca nAhiM 'bhAuga! sIhaM davaNa te bhIyA' / / 28 yahA~ pUrvArddha meM dupuTTha kI jagaha ugghuTTha karane se chanda pUrNa ho jAtA hai| 771 etehi nAsiyavvaM sae vi NAe vi jaha (?) sAsaNe bhnniyN| 32 jaM puNa me avaraddhaM evaM puNa Dahati savvaMgaM / / 27 yahA~ pUrvArddha ke dvitIya caraNa meM donoM ekAra ko laghu kara chanda pUrA kiyA gayA hai| 785 aha bhaNai thUlabhaddo gaNiyAparimalasamappiyasarIro / 30 'sAmI ! kayasAmattho puNo (vi) bhe viNNavesAmi' / / 25 / / yahA~ (vi) ko pAdapUrti rUpa meM zAmila kiyA gayA hai| 807 eyassa puvvasuyasAyarassa udahi vva aparimeyassa / 29 muNasu jaha atha (?ittha) kAle parihANI dIsate pacchA / / 26 yahA~ 'artha' ke sthAna para 'ittha' zabda rakhane para artha aura mAtrA donoM pUrNa ho jAtI hai| 814 samavAyavavacchedo terasahi satehiM hohi vAsANaM / 32 mADharagottassa ihaM saMbhUtajatissa maraNammi / / 26 yahA~ tRtIyA bahuvacana rUpa terasahiM satehiM ko anusvAra rahita rUpa kara dene se mAtrA pUrNa ho jAtI hai| 824 caMkamiuM varataraM (?tarayaM) timisaguhAe va maMdhakArAe / 29 na ya taiyA samaNANaM AyArasute paNaTThammi / / 26 yahA~ pUrvArddha meM 'varataraM' ko 'varatarayaM' karane para mAtrA pUrNa huI hai| 826 vIsAe sahassehiM paMcahiM ya satehiM hoi varisANaM / 33 pUse vacchasagotte vocchedo uttarajjhAe / / 27 yahA~ tRtIya bahuvacana ke rUpoM 'sahassehiM, paMcahiM, satehiM ko anusvAra rahita karane se mAtrA pUrNa huI hai| 827 vIsAe sahassehiM varisasahassehiM (? varisANa saehi)navahiM vocchedo / 33 dasavetAliyasuttassa diNNasAhummi bodhavyo / / 27 yahA~ 'varisa sahassehiM' zabda arthahIna hai| usakI jagaha varisANa saehiM viSaya

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chanda kI dRSTi se titthogAlI prakIrNaka kA pATha nirdhAraNa krama saMgata hai| isameM tRtIya bahuvacana ke rUpoM sahassehiM, saehiM aura navahiM ko anusvAra rahita rUpa meM kara dene se chanda pUrNa hotA hai| 836 dhammo ya jiNANumato rAyA ya jaNassa loymjjaayaa|30 Na (to) te havaMti khINA jaM sesaM taM nisAmeha / / 25 yahA~ uttarArddha meM (to) ko gAthA meM zAmila karane se artha pUrNa hone ke sAtha chanda bhI pUrNa ho jAtA hai| 837 sAvagamihuNaM samaNo samaNI rAyA tahA amacco ya / 29 ete havaMti sesaM aNNo (ya) jaNo bahutarAto / / 26 __yahA~ uttarArddha meM (ya) pAdapUraNa meM rakhA gayA hai| 846 chaTTha cautthaM ca tayA hohI ukkosayaM tvvokmm| 31 (? duppasaho Ayario) kAhI kira aTThamaM bhttN||15 yahA~ uttarArddha meM prathama caraNa hI nahIM hai| jisakI jagaha vahIM koSThaka ke (duppasaho Ayariyo) ko caraNa mAna liyA gayA hai| 881 gAmA (ya) nagarabhUyA, nagarANi ya devalogasarisANi / 28 rAyasamA ya kuDuMbI, vesamaNasamA ya raayaanno||27 yahA~ prathama caraNa meM (ya) ko gAthA meM zAmila kara lene para artha aura chanda donoM pUrNa ho jAtA hai| 885 bhaMga-ttAsavirahito Damarullola-bhaya-DaMDarahito yA 29 dunmikkha-Iti-takkara-karabhara(ya) vivajjio logo||26 yahA~ caturtha caraNa meM (ya) ko zAmila kara pAda pUrNa kiyA gayA hai| 909 sIsA vi na pUiMtI Ayarie duusmaannubhaavennN| 30 AyariyA (3) sumaNasA na deMti uvdesrynnaaii||26|| yahA~ tRtIya caraNa meM (u) pAda pUraNa artha meM grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| 912 sayaNe niccaviruddho nisohiyasAhivAsamittehiM (?) / 29 caMDo durANuyatto lajjArahito jaNo jAto / / 27 yahA~ pUrvArddha ke dvitIya caraNa ke anta meM 'ya' jor3akara pAdapUrti kI jA sakatI hai| 914 sahapaMsukIliya (?ra) sA aNavarayaM gruynehpddibddhaa| 29 mittA darahasiehiM lunbhaMti vayaMsabhajjAsu / / 26 yahA~ prathama caraNa meM kevala 'sA' zabda arthahIna hai| 'rasA' kara dene para

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zramaNa / janavarI-mArca 1999 arthasaMgati ke sAtha chanda pUrti ho gayI hai / 926 tihiM vAsehiM gatehiM gaehiM mAsehi addhanavamehiM / 33 evaM parihAyaMte dUsamakAlo imo jAto / / 27 yahA~ pUrvArddha ke prathama caraNa ke donoM ekAra ko laghu tathA dvitIya caraNa ke anta guru ko laghu kara chanda ko pUrA kiyA gayA hai| 928 hohI hAhAbhUto (ya) dukkhabhUto ya pAvabhUto y| 28 kAlo amAiputto godhammasamo jaNo pacchA / / 27 yahA~ dvitIya caraNa ke prArambha meM (ya) ko pAdapUrti ke lie rakhakara anta laghu ko guru kiyA gayA hai| 936 hohI susirA bhUmI paDataiMgAlamummurasaricchA / 30 aggI hariyataNANi ya navaraM so tIhi sovihI ( ? ) / 26 yahA~ caturtha caraNa meM tRtIyA bahuvacana rUpa 'tIhi' ko anusvAra yukta kara chanda pUrNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| 949 ma( ? bhe) suMDiyarUvaguNA savve tava - niyama- soyaparihINA / 29 ukkosarayaNimittA mettIrahiyA ya hohiMti / / 26 yahA~ prathama caraNa meM 'bhasuMDiya' kI jagaha bhesuMDiya karane se artha aura chanda donoM saMgata ho jAte haiN| 951 iMgAlamummurasamA (ya) chArabhUyA bhavissatI dharaNI / 29 kavallugabhUtA tattAyasajoibhUyA ya / / 26 tatta yahA~ dvitIya caraNa ke prArambha meM (ya) pAdapUraNa artha meM zAmila kiyA jA sakatA hai| 952 dhUlI- reNUbahulA 967 ghaNacikkaNakaddamAulA dharaNI / 30 cakama (mma) Ne ya asahA savvesiM maNuyajAtINaM / / 26 yahA~ tRtIya caraNa meM 'caMkamaNe' kI jagaha (mma) jor3akara caMkammaNe karane se chanda pUrA huA hai| 955 naTTaggihomasakkara (?) bhoiNo sUrapakkamaMsAsI / 29 aNugaMgasiMdhu - pavvayabilavAsI yahA~ (ya) pAdapUraNa artha meM zAmila kiyA gayA hai| 55 kUrakammA ya / / 26

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yahA~ sabhI pratiyoM meM tIna caraNa anupalabdha hai| 972 sesaM tu bIyamettaM hohI savvesi jIvajAtINaM / 30 kuNimAhArA savve nisA (ssA) e saMjhakAlassa / 25 yahA~ (ssA) ko sA ke sthAna para rakhakara tathA anta laghu ko guru kara chanda pUrA kiyA jA sakatA hai| 977 osappiNIimAe jo hohI (? hoha'i) dussamAe, aNubhAvo / 31 so ceva (ya) aNubhAvo ussappiNipaTTavaNagammi / / 26 prastuta gAthA ke tRtIya caraNa meM (ya) pAdapUraNa ke lie zAmila kara anta laghu kiyA gayA hai| ko guru 980 avasappiNIe addhaM addhaM ussappiNIe tahiM (?) hoi / 32 eyammi gate kAle hohiMti u paMca mehA u / / 26 yahA~ pUrvArddha ke donoM caraNoM ke e ko laghu kiyA gyaa| saNasattarasaM dhaNNaM phalAI mUlAI savvarukkhANaM / 32 khajUra - dakkha- dADima- phaNasA tausA ya va Mti / / 26 yahA~ phalAI mUlAI ko anusvAra rahita rUpa karane se mAtrA pUrNa hotI hai / 1005 paDhamettha vimalavAhana 1 sudAma2 saMgama 3 supAsanAme 4 ya / 29 datte5 sunahe6 tasamaM (? vasumaM) 7 iya (te) satteva niddiTThA / / 25 prastuta gAthA ke uttarArddha meM (te) jor3akara mAtrA pUrNa kI jA sakatI hai / ussappiNIimIse bitiyAe samAe gaMga - siMdhUNaM / 32 etthabahumajjhadese uppaNNA kulAgarA satta / / 26 yahA~ dvitIya caraNa ke donoM 'e' kI gaNanA laghu karane para chanda pUrNa hotA hai / gAmA (ya) nagarabhUyA nagarANi ya devalogasarisANi / 28 rAyasamA ya kuDuMbI, vesamaNasamA ya rAyANo / / 27 yahA~ prathama caraNa kA (ya) pAdapUrti ke rUpa meM lekara anta laghu ko dIrgha kiyA jAnA caahie| 1057. 1000 chanda kI dRSTi se titthogAlI prakIrNaka kA pATha nirdhAraNa . mettIrahiyA u hohiMti ||14 1006 1045 so devapariggahio tIsaM vAsAiM vasati gihavAse / 31 ammA- pitIhiM bhagavaM devatti (?) gatehiM pavvaito / / 29 yahA~ uttarArddha pitIhiM ko anusvAra rahita aura anta guru ko laghu kiyA gyaa| 56

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 1068 maNapariNAmo ya kato abhiNikkhamaNammi jinnvriNdennN| 30 devehi ya devIhi ya samaMtao uva (?ga) yaM gayaNaM / / 26 yahA~ uttarArddha meM (ga) jor3akara 'uvagayaM' banA dene se artha aura chanda pUrNa ho jAte haiN| 1084 evaM sadevamaNuyAsurAe parisAe parivuDo bhayavaM / 32 abhithuvvaMto girAhiM majhamajjheNa satavAraM / / 28 yahA~ dvitIya caraNa ke 'e' aura 'Do' ko laghu mAtrA mAnA gayA hai| 1086 IsANAe disAe oiNNo uttamAo siiyaao| 32 sayameva kuNai loyaM sakko se paDicchaI kese / / 28 yahA~ prathama caraNa ke aMtima 'e' aura dvitIya caraNa ke aMtima guru ko laghu mAna kara chanda pUrA kiyA jA sakatA hai| 1090 tihiM nANehiM samaggA titthayarA jAva hoti gihvaase|32 paDivaNNammi caritte caunANI jAva chumtthaa|| 27 prastuta gAthA ke prathama caraNa ke tRtIya bahuvacana rUpa 'tihiM nANehiM' ko anusvAra rahita rUpa kara dene se chanda pUrA hotA hai| 1128 bharahe1 ya dIhadaMte 2 ya gUDhadaMte 3 ya suddhadaMte 4 yA 29 siricaMde5 siribhUmI (tI) 6 sirisome 7 ya sattame / / 24 yahA~ uttarArddha 16 varNavAlA hai jabaki pUrvArddha 19 varNa kA, jisameM tIna ya pAdapUrti rUpa meM hI pratIta hotA hai| isake pUrva kI 7 gAthAeM anuSTupa kI haiN| 1144 ete (ya) nava niha (hI) to pabhUyadhaNa-kaNaga rynnpddipunnnnaa| 28 aNusamayamaNuvayaMtI cakkINaM satatakAlaM pi||26|| yahA~ prathamArddha meM (ya) ko pAdapUraNa meM tathA 'niha' kI jagaha 'nihIM' rakhane para chanda pUrA ho jAtA hai 1148 kaNhA u, jayaMti (tas) jie1-2 (bhadde 3) suppabha4 sudaMsaNe5 cev| 25 ANaMde 6 naMdaNe 7 paume nAma 8 saMkarisaNe 9 ceva / / 28 yahA~ pUrvArddha meM (bhadde3) zAmila kara tathA uttarArddha ke ceva ke ce kI laghu gaNanA karane se chanda pUrNa hotA hai| 1153 tesIti lakkha Nava u tisahassA nava satA ya pnnnuyaa| 29 mAsA satta'ddhaTTamadiNA ya dhammo cusmaae|| 27 yahA~ prathama caraNa ke antima 'u' ko dIrgha kara diyA gayA hai|

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chanda kI dRSTi se titthogAlI prakIrNaka kA pATha nirdhAraNa 1163 ANigaNi1 dIvasihAra tuDiyaMgA3 bhiMga4 koviNa5 udusuhA6 cev||31 AmodA7 ya pamodA8 cittarasA9 kapparukkhA10 ya / / 26 yahA~ dvitIya caraNa ke ceva ke ce ko laghu mAnane se mAtrA pUrNa hotI hai| 1195 soUNa mahatthamiNaM nissaMdaM mokkhamaggasuttassa / 29 ....................yattA micchattaparammuhA hoha / / 18 yahA~ tRtIya caraNa anupalabdha hai| 1201 jaM ajjiyaM carittaM desUNAe (vi) puvvakoDIe / 29 taM pi kasAiyamitto nAsei naro muhutteNaM / 27 prastuta gAthA meM (vi) ko pAdapUrti ke rUpa meM zAmila karane se gAthA pUrNa ho jAtI hai| 1204 dugga (gge) bhavakaMtAre bhamamANehi suiraM paNaTehiM / 29 dulabho jiNovaiTTho sogaimaggo imo ldvo|| 27 prathama caraNa meM 'dugga' ke sthAna para 'dugge' karane se mAtrA pUrNa hotI hai| 1211 jA jiNavaradiTThANaM bhAvANaM saddahaNayA sammaM (?) / 29 attaNao budvIya ya soUNa ya buddhimaMtANaM / / 27 yahA~ bhI pUrvArddha ke tIna ya ko haTA dene se padya anuSTupa chanda kA ho jAtA hai| yahA~ dvitIya caraNa ke anta meM 'samma' kI jagaha 'sammattaM' karane se artha spaSTa hone ke sAtha chanda bhI pUrNa ho jAtA hai| 1218 etya ya saMkA kaMkhA vitigicchA annditttthiypsNsaa||30 paratitthiovasevA paMca (u) hAseMti sammattaM / / 26 yahA~ uttarArddha meM u ko zAmila kara mAtrA pUrA kiyA jA sakatA hai| 1219 saMkAdidosarahitaM jinnsaasnnkuslyaadigunn(?jutt)|| 26 eyaM taM jaM bhaNitaM mUlaM duvihassa dhmmss||26 yahA~ pUrvArddha ke anta meM (jutta) zAmila kara lene se artha aura chanda pUrNa ho jAtA hai| 1224 nANAhiMto caraNaM paMcahi samitIhiM tihiM guttIhiM / 33 eyaM sIlaM bhaNitaM jiNehiM telokkadaMsIhiM / / 28 yahA~ dvitIya caraNa meM 'samitIhiM' aura 'tIhiM' ko 'samitihi' aura 'tihi' kara dene se tathA anta guru kI laghu kara dene se mAtrA pUrNa ho jAtI hai aura artha bhI pUrvavata banA rahatA hai|

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 ___ isa prakAra uparokta gAthAoM ke pATha kA punarnirdhAraNa karane kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| ina punarnirdhArita gAthAoM meM jahA~ anta laghu ke bAda prathamArddha meM 29 mAtrA aura uttarArddha meM 26 mAtrA tathA anta guru ke bAvajUda prathamArddha meM 31 aura uttarArddha meM 28 mAtrA hai, use sAmAnya mAnate hue carcA nahIM kI gayI hai| vahA~ vikalpa se AvazyakatAnusAra anta meM guru ko laghu yA laghu ko guru mAnanA caahie| saMdarbha 1-2. pro0 sAgaramala jaina evaM sureza sisodiyA, saMpA0 prakIrNaka sAhityaH manana aura mImAMsA, Agama saMsthAna granthamAlA, granthAMka 14; udayapura 1999I0 sana: pR0-230. 3. samavAyAMgasUtra - saM0 madhukara muni, AgamaprakAzana samiti, vyAvara 982; samavAya 84. 4. vahI, samavAya 14. 5. prAkRta paiMgalama saMpA0 DA0 bholAzaMkara vyAsa, prAkRta TeksTa sosAiTI, vArANasI, khaNDa-1, pR0 6. 6. siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana, sUtra 8/2/79. 7. vahI, sUtra 8/2/89. 8. vahI, sUtra 8/1/260. 9. DaoN0 ke0 Ara0 candra, saMpA0- saMkSipta prAkRta-hindI koza,- pR0 486.

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bIsavIM sadI ke dhArmika Andolana : eka samIkSA DaoN0 kamaleza kumAra jaina* manuSya eka vicArazIla prANI hai| vaha jIvana meM ghaTita hone vAlI pratyeka samasyA kA samAdhAna sarvaprathama svata: karanA cAhatA hai, kinta jina samasyAoM kA sambandha vyaktigata na hokara samAja se hotA hai unheM vaha samAja ke stara para samAdhAna karane prayAsa karatA hai| ata: samAja aneka vyaktiyoM kA samUha hai, antataH 'muNDemaNDe matirbhinnA' ke anusAra vicAra-vaibhinya svAbhAvika hai| kintu kabhI-kabhI aisA bhI hotA hai ki kucha loga apane-apane choTe-moTe matabhedoM ko gauNa karake kisI eka mahattvapUrNa bindu para eka samAna cintana karate haiM aura tadanurUpa usakA saMgaThita rUpa meM samAdhAna khojane kA prayAsa karate haiN| kisI vicAradhArA se prerita hokara use kAryAnvita karane ke liye eka saMgaThita samUha-vizeSa ke logoM se sabhI kA sahamata honA Avazyaka nahIM hai| ata: usa samUha ke virodha meM bhI kucha loga khar3e ho jAte haiM aura Age calakara sAmAnya rUpa se do samUha bana jAte haiM, jo apane-apane pakSa ke samarthana meM vibhinna prakAra ke tarka prastuta kara apane-apane pakSa kI siddhi karate haiN| kabhI-kabhI samAja meM ajJAnatA athavA lokamUr3hatA ke kAraNa aise rItirivAja prArambha ho jAte haiM, jo bAda meM apriya aura kaTa pariNAma vAle hone para bhI samAja meM pracalita hone ke kAraNa vyavahAra meM karane par3ate haiN| aisI sthiti meM koI krAntikArI vyakti Age AtA hai; jise hama samAja sudhAraka kI saMjJA dete haiM, vaha una rIti-rivAjoM kA virodha karatA hai| prabuddha samAja usakA sahayoga karatI hai aura eka jana-Andolana khar3A ho jAtA hai, jo zanaiH zanaiH samAja meM apanI jar3eM jamA letA hai tathA samAja meM vyApta kurItiyoM se sampUrNa samAja ko mukta karAne kA prayAsa karatA hai| samAja aura dharma- ye do bhinna-bhinna ikAiyA~ haiN| samAja kA sambandha jana sAmAnya se hotA hai aura dharma kA sambandha vyakti vizeSa se / kintu samAja aura dharma kA kendra bindu antata: vyakti hI hai| ata: ye donoM pRthaka-pRthaka hote hue bhI vyakti athavA vyaktiyoM ke samUha samAja para Azrita haiN| ata: samAja kI unnati ke liye aneka sAmUhika kArya karane par3ate haiM aura samAja kI unnati athavA usake hita meM kiye gaye ye sAmUhika kArya hI sAmAjika Andolana kahalAte haiM tathA dharma kI U~cAiyoM kA * pravaktA, jaina darzana, jaina-bauddha darzana vibhAga, prAcya vidyA dharma vijJAna saMkAya, kA0 hi0 vi0 vi0, vArANasI. -

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 sparza karane ke liye use rUr3hivAditA athavA lokamUr3hatAoM athavA samaya-samaya para dharma ke nAma para yA dharma kI Ar3a meM samAgata kurItiyoM/burAiyoM/vikRtiyoM ko haTAne ke liye jo Andolana kiye jAte haiM ve dhArmika Andolana kahalAte haiN| samAja kI avahelanA karake na to koI dhArmika Andolana saphala ho sakate haiM aura na hI dharma kI avahelanA karake koI sAmAjika Andolana / ataH itanA nizcita hai ki donoM paraspara eka dUsare para AdhArita haiN| kabhI-kabhI sAmAjika Andolana dharma kI ora itane jhuke huye hote haiM ki loga unheM dhArmika Andolana kI hI saMjJA dene lagate haiM aura aisI sthiti meM sAmAjika aura dhArmika AndolanoM meM bheda karanA janasAmAnya ke liye muzkila ho jAtA hai| ___ jaina samAja prAya: vyApAra se sambaddha hai| isa samAja meM sAmAnyata: caurAsI jAtiyoM kA samAveza hai, jo jainadharma kI zItalachAyA ko prAptakara usake pramukha siddhAnta samyagdarzana ke ATha aMgoM meM se eka aGga vAtsalyabhAva ke kAraNa eka dUsare ke itane nikaTa A gaye haiM ki unameM prAya: roTI-beTI kA vyavahAra hone lagA hai| itanI adhika jAtiyoM kA jainadharma ke prati vizeSa rUpa se zraddhAlu hokara eka maMca para upasthita honA vastata: gaurava kI bAta hai, kintu sabhI jAtiyoM ke apane-apane bhinna-bhinna rIti-rivAjoM evaM vicAroM kI vividhatA ke kAraNa paraspara sAmanjasya sthApita karanA asambhava nahIM to kaThina avazya hai| ata: apane vicAroM ko mUrtarUpa dene heta kucha logoM dvArA jo prayatna hue ve jaina samAja meM eka Andolana ke rUpa meM pariNata ho gye| ye Andolana kabhI samAja ke vikAsa ke nAma para ubhare to kabhI dhArmika kaTTaratA ke kaarnn| kabhI-kabhI saiddhAntika mAnyatAoM se nayadRSTi kI upekSA kara kisI eka ora jhukAva hone ke kAraNa bhI jaina samAja meM Andolana hue haiM, jo vividha patrapatrikAoM meM prakAzita lekhoM, svatantra TaikTsa, pustakoM athavA vyAkhyAnoM Adi ke mAdhyama se prasArita hue haiN| bIsavIM sadI ke pramukha AndolanoM meM harijana mandira praveza, dassApUjAdhikAra, daheja prathA, mRtyu bhoja, zUdra jala tyAga, vidhavA vivAha, vijAtIya vivAha, bAla vivAha, bAla dIkSA, dhArmika granthoM/zAstroM kA mudraNa, vilAyata yAtrA, aMgrejI zikSA kA grahaNa, jina-zAsana devI-devAoM kI pUjA, dravyapUjA-bhAvapUjA, arihanta pratimA kA abhiSeka , zAkAhAra Andolana Adi pramukha haiN| isake atirikta nimitta-upAdAna, nizcaya-vyavahAra, kramabaddha paryAya aura adhyAtmavAda para khulI carcA bhI isI zatAbdI kI dena hai| nArI zikSA jaisA pavitra Andolana bhI isI krama meM jur3A huA hai| uparyukta AndolanoM meM se jina AndolanoM ke sAtha pakSa yA vipakSa meM samarthana yA virodha thA unameM vicAroM kI vividhatA ke kAraNa samAja meM jahA~ eka ora vighaTana 358861

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bIsavIM sadI ke dhArmika Andolana : eka samIkSA huA, vahIM dUsarI ora samAna vicAradhArA ke loga apane baira-virodha bhUlakara eka maMca para bhI baiThe haiN| kintu samagra rUpa se vicAra karane para alagAvavAda ko hI protsAhana milA hai aura kucha avasaravAdiyoM ne dharma athavA AndolanoM ke nAma para apanI roTiyA~ seMkI haiM, jise svastha/ prazasta-paramparA nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| pUrvokta AndolanoM meM se kucha kA sambandha dharma se hI nahIM, jainadharma se jor3A gayA hai| ata: sarvaprathama hameM dharma aura tadanantara jainadharma ke kucha mUla binduoM ko dRSTi meM rakhanA hogaa| jaise - dharma hI prANI mAtra ko andhakAra se prakAza kI ora, jar3atA se cetanatA kI ora le jAtA hai|....... nirvANa kI prApti bhI usI se hotI hai|' jainadharma ke kucha mUla bindu isa prakAra haiM jainadharma mUla rUpa se vyaktivAdI dharma hai| ata: yaha vyakti-svAtantrya ko svIkAra karatA hai| isakA mUla lakSya ahiMsA kA pAlana hai| yaha vItarAgonmukhI adhyAtmapradhAna dharma hai| yaha dharma jAtivAda ko svIkAra nahIM karatA hai| yaha dharma eka hI vastu meM eka samaya meM paraspara virodhI dharmoM ko astinAsti rUpa meM eka sAtha svIkAra karatA hai| yaha dharma pratyeka vastu ko anekAntAtmaka svIkAra karatA hai| yaha dharma pratyeka vastu para syAdvAda evaM naya-vivakSA ke AdhAra para vicAra karatA hai| jainadharmasammata ukta mUla-binduoM ko pRSThabhUmi meM rakhate huye kucha pramukha AndolanoM kI carcA yahA~ prastuta hai| harijana mandira praveza jaba deza svatantra huA to sabhI dezavAsiyoM ko samAnAdhikAra dilAne kA upakrama prArambha huaa| usI krama meM harijanoM ko samAna dhArmika adhikAroM ko dene kI ghoSaNA huI aura use kAryAnvita karAne ke liye harijana mandira praveza bila pAsa hone hetu sarakAra ke samakSa AyA to pUjya AcArya zrI zAntisAgara jI mahArAja ne bambaI dhArA sabhA meM upasthita ukta bila ke rada ho jAne taka anAhAra kA tyAga kara diyaa| mA~ zrI candAbAI ne bhI ukta bila ko rada karAne ke liye bharasaka prayAsa kiyaa| mA~ zrI kA kahanA thA ki- hindU dharma ke antargata jainadharma ko kabhI nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| yaha sarvathA svatantra hai, ataeva hinduoM ke liye bane kAnUna jainoM para lAgU nahIM hone caahiye|

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 pUjya kSullaka gaNeza prasAda jI varNI mahArAja ne harijana mandira praveza ke pakSa kA samarthana kiyA thaa| ata: kucha kaTTarapanthI jaina bandhuoM ne unase picchIkamaNDalu chIna lene kI bhI dhamakI dI thii| siddhAntAcArya paM0 phUlacandra zAstrI evaM nyAyAcArya paM0 mahendra kumAra jaina Adi ne ukta bila kA samarthana kiyA thaa| paM0 phUlacandra zAstrI ke anusAra anya varNa vAle manuSyoM ke samAna zUdra varNa ke manuSya bhI jina mandira meM jAkara darzana aura pUjana karane ke adhikArI haiN| unake anusAra zUdra mandira meM nahIM jA sakate, yaha sAmAjika bandhana hai, yogyatA mUlaka dhArmika vidhi nhiiN| unhoMne apane pakSa ke samarthana meM somadevasUri kRta nItivAkyAmRta, AcArya jinasenakRta mahApurANa aura AcArya raviSeNa kRta padmacarita ke uddharaNa prastuta kiye haiM, jinameM kahA gayA hai ki - jisa zUdra kA AcAra nirdoSa hai tathA ghara, pAtra aura zarIra zuddha hai, vaha deva, dvija aura tapasviyoM kI bhakti, pUjA Adi kara sakatA hai| kyoMki vratoM ke saMskAra se brAhmaNa, zAstroM ko dhAraNa karane se kSatriya, nyAyapUrvaka artha kA arjana karane se vaizya aura nimna zreNI kI AjIvikA kA Azraya lene se zUdra kahalAte haiN| nAmakarma ke udaya se utpanna huI manuSya jAti eka hai| usake brAhmaNa Adi cAra bhAgoM meM vibhakta hone kA eka mAtra kAraNa AjIvikA hai| medhAvI kavikRta dharmasaMgraha zrAvakAcAra ke anusAra dAna, pUjana aura svAdhyAya-ina tIna karmoM ko karane kA adhikAra zadroM ko hai| ina sabhI zAstrIya tarkoM ke bAvajUda mA~zrI candAbAI jI kA yaha kathana bhI mananIya hai ki -harijana jaina madiroM ko pUjya nahIM mAnate haiN| Aja taka kabhI bhI unhoMne jaina mandiroM meM jAkara darzana-pUjana nahIM kiye haiM aura na unake ArAdhyoM kI mUrtiyA~ jaina mandiroM meM haiN| ataeva harijana mandira praveza bila jainoM para lAgU nahIM honA cAhie, aura huA bhI yahI ki harijana mandira praveza bila se jaina mandira pRthaka kara diye gye| vidhavA-vivAha jainadharma AcAra para vizeSa bala detA hai| ata: vidhavA-vivAha eka sAmAjika samasyA hokara bhI dharma se jur3I huI hai| kyoMki vidhavA-vivAha ke virodhI to ise dharma se jor3ate hI haiM, isake samarthaka bhI ise dharma se jor3akara vidhavA-vivAha kA samarthana karate haiM aura ise eka dhArmika Andolana kA rUpa dete haiN| vastuta: yaha Andolana bIsavIM sadI ke pUrvArddha meM pAzcAtya saMskRti ke prabhAva kI dena hai| vidhavA-vivAha ke samarthakoM meM sva0 sUrajabhAna jI vakIla, dayAnanda jI goyalIya, paM0 darabArIlAla jI 'satyabhakta', paM0 parameSThIdAsa jI jaina evaM bra0 zItalaprasAda jI ke nAma vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya haiN|

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bIsavIM sadI ke dhArmika Andolana : eka samIkSA vidhavA-vivAha kA samarthana do prakAra se kiyA jAtA thaa| kucha loga vidhavAvivAha ko jainadharma ke viruddha mAnakara bhI samaya kI jarUrata ke nAma se Apaddharma ke rUpa meM calAnA cAhate the| jabaki paM0 darabArI lAla jI 'satyabhakta' jaise logoM kA vicAra thA ki - 'vidhavA-vivAha jainadharma kA aMga hai| vidhavA-vivAha ke rivAja ke binA jainadharma kA brahmacaryANuvrata adhUrA hai / brahmacaryANuvrata kA matalaba hai ki manuSya kI udyAma kAma-vAsanA eka puruSa yA eka nArI meM sImita ho jaaye| yaha kArya vidhavA-vivAha se bhI hotA hai / vidhavA ko kAma-vAsanA sImita karane kI jarUrata hai, jo ki vivAha se hI sambhava hai, isaliye vidhavA-vivAha brahmacaryANuvrata kA pUraka hai11|' isake samarthana meM Age unakA kahanA hai ki isI prakAra koI puruSa yadi kisI vidhavA ke sAtha vivAha karake apanI kAma vAsanA ko sImita kara letA hai to usakA yaha vivAha bhI brahmacaryANuvrata kA sahAyaka bana jAtA hai| isa prakAra donoM ke liye vidhavA-vivAha brahmacaryANuvrata kA aMga hai aura brahmacaryANuvrata to jainadharma kA mUla vrata hai / isaliye vidhavA-vivAha bhI mUlavrata meM sahAyaka banA 12 / ye vicAra paM0 darabArI lAla jI 'satyabhakta' ke apane ho sakate haiM, kintu mAtra tarka se koI bAta sahI nahIM ho jAtI hai| tarka ke sAtha aucitya aura dhArmika maryAdAoM kA bhI dhyAna rakhanA Avazyaka hai| ataH vidhavA vivAha ko kAma-vAsanA kI pUrti athavA apanI santAna ke prati atimoha hI kahA jA sakatA hai, dhArmika dRSTikoNa kadApi nhiiN| isaliye isake virodha meM bAbU sumeracandra jI 'kauzala' Adi aneka vidvAnoM ne apanI AvAja uThAI aura batalAyA ki- vivAha jaise pavitra bandhana ko vidhavA-vivAha ke nAma para kalaGkita karanA ucita nahIM haiN| unhoMne aneka dhArmika evaM paurANika AkhyAnoM ke mAdhyama se vidhavA-vivAha ko anucita ThaharAyA hai| isa sandarbha meM bAraha varSa kI umra se vaidhavya jIvana bitAne vAlI mA~zrI candAbAI jI ke nimna udgAra bhI dhyAtavya haiN| unakA kahanA thA ki- pAtivratya hI nArI ke liye amUlya nidhi hai, ise khokara bhAratIya nArI jIvita nahIM raha sakatI hai| indriyajanya sukha kabhI bhI tRpti kA sAdhana nahIM bana sakatA hai| jo samAja meM vidhavAvivAha kA pracAra karanA cAhate haiM, ve dharma aura samAja ke zatru haiM, jaina saMskRti se aparicita haiM, unheM brahmacarya kI mahattA mAlUma nahIM 4 / samAja sudhArakoM ko unakI salAha thI ki sudhArakoM ko samAja sudhAra karanA hai to unheM aisI krAnti karanI cAhiye, jisase vidhavAe~ utpanna hI na hoM, bAla-vivAha, vRddha-vivAha, jo ki vidhavAoM kI saMkhyA bar3hA rahe haiM, turanta banda hone cAhie 15 / jaina samAja meM taba aura Aja bhI jaina saMskRti kI jar3eM majabUta haiN| ataH pAzcAtya saMskRti se prabhAvita logoM dvArA vidhavA-vivAha ke samarthana meM aneka sAmAjika 64

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 aura dhArmika tarka upasthita karane para bhI vidhavA-vivAha Andolana saphala nahIM ho skaa| hA~! apavAda svarUpa kucha vidhavA-vivAha hue haiM, kintu inheM samAja kA khulA samarthana nahIM mila sakA aura ve samAja meM AdRta bhI nahIM huye| sAtha hI vidhavA-vivAha Andolana se pUrva kI vyavasthA ke hI ye aMga the, jinheM Andolana ke kAraNa kucha havA milI thI aura samAja kA rukha kucha narama ho gayA thA tathA sAmAjika kaThora daNDa se ve baca gye| vijAtIya vivAhaH bIsavIM sadI ke tRtIya dazaka meM digambara jaina samAja meM vyApta jAti-bandhana ko tor3ane aura paraspara meM roTI-beTI ke vyavahAra ko sthApita karane ke liye paM0 darabArIlAla 'satyabhakta' ne vijAtIya vivAha ke samarthana meM eka Andolana calAyA thA, jisake samarthana meM unhoMne sau se adhika lekha likhe the| 'vijAtIya vivAha mImAMsA' nAma se eka TraikTa bhI dillI ke jauharImalajI sarrApha ne chapavAyA thaa|16 svAmI satyabhakta jI ke anusAra yaha Adolana pUrI taraha saphala rhaa| bahata se virodhI paNDitoM ke vicAra bhI badala gaye aura vyavahAra meM bhI yaha Andolana kAphI saphala huaa| dakSiNI madhyapradeza aura mahArASTra meM darjanoM kI saMkhyA meM jAti-pAMti tor3akara vivAha huye aura kucha alpasaMkhyaka jAtiyA~ to eka taraha se Apasa meM mila hI gii| guNoM kI pUjA ko mahattva dene vAle jainadharma meM vastuta: jAtivAda kA dhArmika dRSTi se koI mahattva nahIM hai| ata: samprati vibhitra upajAtiyoM ke logoM ne dharma ko pramukha mAnakara paraspara meM roTI-beTI kA vyavahAra prArambha kara diyA hai, jo sAmAjika ekatA kI dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa hai| yadyapi piNDazuddhi ke nAma para kucha logoM dvArA vijAtIya vivAha kA niSedha aba bhI kiyA jAtA hai, kintu aba yaha virodha sAmAnya zrAvakoM meM nagaNya hai tathA vijAtIya vivAha be-rokaToka ho rahe haiN| dassA pUjAdhikAra bIsavIM sadI ke prathama dazaka meM san 1909 meM hastinApura meM mele ke avasara para dassA pUjAdhikAra ko lekara eka Andolana huA thA, jisase saradhanA aura khataulI ke dassA agravAla jaina prAcIna dastUra aura dhArmika rivAja ke viruddha naI bAta arthAt jinendramUrti kA prakSAla-pUjana karanA cAhate the, kintu agravAla birAdarI kI Ama paMcAyata se yaha nizcita haA ki prAcIna dastura aura rivAja ke viruddha dassA jAti vAle nayA dastUra nahIM calA sakate, yAnI pUjA prakSAla nahIM kara sakate haiN| paMcAyata ke isa niNarya se asantuSTa logoM ne apane pUjA ke adhikAra ko prApta karane hetu nyAyAlaya kI zaraNa lii| dassA pUjAdhikAra kA samarthana paM0 gopAladAsa jI baraiyA, paM0 dhannAlAla jI 65

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bIsavIM sadI ke dhArmika Andolana : eka samIkSA kAsalIvAla evaM paM0 jugalakizora jI mukhtAra ne kiyA thA tathA bIsA pakSa kI ora se paM0 pannAlAla jI nyAyadivAkara aura hakIma kalyANarAya jI ne patita jAti ke liye pUjAdhikAra kA niSedha kiyA thaa| guru gopAladAsa jI baraiyA ne dassA pUjAdhikAra ke pakSa meM spaSTa rUpa se kahA ki dassoM ko bhI usI taraha bhagavAn jinendra kI pUjA karane kA adhikAra hai jisa taraha bIsA kahalAne vAle logoM ko20| unakI dalIla thI ki - dassA kahalAne vAle loga apanI pA~cavI athavA sAtavIM pIr3hI meM zaddha ho jAte haiN| yadi hajAroM yA lAkhoM varSoM meM bhI unakI zuddhi nahIM mAnA jAye to yaha Aropa tIrthaMkaroM taka pahuMca jAyegA kyoMki utsarpiNI meM jo tIrthaMkara paidA hote haiM unakI paramparA utsarpiNI sabhA ke prathama kAla se prArambha hotI hai| utsarpiNI sabhA ke prathama kAla meM saba loga AcAra-bhraSTa hote haiM aura unakI hI paramparA meM tIrthaMkaroM kI utpatti hotI hai| paNDitajI kI isa dalIla kA virodhiyoM ke pAsa koI uttara nahIM thA, phira bhI unhoMne unake viruddha bhole logoM ko yaha kahakara bahakAyA ki paNDita gopAladAsa jI tIrthaMkaroM ko vyabhicArI kI santAna batalAte haiN| vaise dassA pUjAdhikAra ke prabala virodhI paM0 pannAlAla jI nyAyadivAkara ne svayaM svIkAra kiyA hai ki maiM dassoM ke pUjAdhikAra ke khilApha nahIM hU~, kintu paramparA kA samarthana karanA par3atA hai aura zAstroM meM bhI kahIM bhI dassA-bIsA kA ullekha hI nahIM hai|3|| nyAyAlaya ne paramparA ko AdhAra mAnakara yadyapi dassA pUjAdhikAra ke virodha meM apanA nirNaya diyA, kintu paNDita baraiyA jI ke tarka zAstrAnumodita hone ke kAraNa Aja bhI mIla ke patthara sAbita hote haiM aura vartamAna meM to guru gopAladAsa jI ke vicAroM kA hI kriyAnvayana ho rahA hai| dassA pUjAdhikAra Andolana para TippaNI karate haye paNDita cainasakha dAsa jI ne likhA hai ki - 'jo vyabhicAra karatA hai use kisI bhI prakAra kA daNDa nahIM, kintu jo vyabhicAra se utpanna hotA hai use dassA kahakara yaha nRzaMsa daNDa diyA jAtA hai, jisakA ki vastuta: koI aparAdha hI nahIM hai| yaha daNDa vyavasthA na to tarkasaMgata hai, na manovaijJAnika aura na Agama smmt24|' AdaraNIya paNDitajI ke ye vicAra buddhijIviyoM ko eka dizA nirdeza dete haiN| vastuta: paramparA mAnava-nirmita hotI hai athavA kabhI-kabhI svata: bana jAtI hai, kintu dhArmika siddhAnta deza-kAlAtIta hote haiM, unameM rAgadveSa kI gandha nahIM hotI hai| ata: ve hI sArvajanika aura sarvamAnya haiN| zUdrajala tyAga kabhI zUdrajala ke tyAga kA Andolana jaina samAja meM mukharita huA thaa|

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zramaNa / janavarI-mArca / 1999 aneka pUjya munijana evaM pUjyA AryikAe~ mAtA jI zrAvakoM ko zUdrajala tyAga karane kA upadeza dete the tathA AhAra unhIM ke hAthoM se grahaNa karate the, jo zUdrajala ke tyAgI hoN| aba bhI kucha munisaMghoM meM zUdrajala kA tyAga kiye binA zrAvaka pUjya munirAjoM evaM AryikA mAtAoM ko AhAra dene kI yogyatA nahIM rakhate haiN| kabhI zUdrajala kA tyAga karAne se jaina samAja ko kAphI kSati uThAnI par3I thii| jAta-pAMta ke AdhAra se manuSya ko choTA samajhane kA siddhAnta nyAya ke viruddha to thA hI, jainadharma ke viruddha bhI thA tathA isake kAraNa kaI jagaha jainoM kA sAmAjika virodha - bahiSkAra bhI huA thA isaliye yaha Atma ghAtaka bhI thA 25 / yadyapi vartamAna meM bhI kucha zrAvaka-zrAvikAe~ zUdrajala ke tyAgI haiM, kintu Aja ke mahAnagaroM kI sarakArI jala vyavasthA ko dekhakara zUdrajala kA tyAga asambhava nahIM to kaThina avazya hai / ataH vyAvahArika kaThinAI aura mAnava-mAnava ke madhya bheda rekhA khIMcane vAlA yaha Andolana svataH samApta ho rahA hai| dhArmika granthoM / zAstroM kA mudraNa bIsavIM sadI ke prArambha meM paramparA ke anusAra hastalikhita zAstroM ko hI gaddI para virAjamAna kara pravacana kiyA jAtA thA, kintu yuga badalA aura granthoM kA mudraNa cAlU ho gyaa| jaba dhArmika granthoM ko mudrita karAne kI bAta uThI to kucha logoM ne usakA virodha kiyaa| virodha karane vAloM meM sva0 seTha jambUprasAda jI sahAranapura vAle pramukha the| unakA mAnanA thA ki zAstroM ke mudraNa se jinavANI mA~ kI avajJA hogii| kintu deza - kAla kI badalI huI paristhitiyoM meM zAstroM kA mudraNa yugAnukUla hone se yaha virodha daba gayA aura zAstroM ke mudraNa se Aja ghara-ghara meM sarvatra jinavANI mA~ ke darzana hone lage haiM tathA svAdhyAya ke prati logoM kI ruci jAgRta huI hai| 'saMjada' pada kA samAvezaH SaTkhaNDAgama ke terAnabeveM sUtra meM 'saMjada' pada ke samAveza ko lekara eka Andolana calA thA, jisakA sUtrapAta siddhAntAcArya paNDita phUlacandra zAstrI ne kiyA thaa| isa para paM0 makkhanalAla jI nyAyAlaMkAra kA kahanA thA ki- yaha sUtra dravya mArgaNA kI apekSA likhA gayA hai, isaliye isameM 'saMjada' pada nahIM honA cAhie, kyoMki Agama meM dravya manuSya-striyoM ke pAMca hI guNasthAna batalAye gaye haiN| jabaki paM0 phUlacandrajI zAstrI kA kahanA thA ki - sabhI guNasthAnoM aura sabhI mArgaNAoM meM jIvoM ke bhedoM kI hI prarUpaNA Agama meM dRSTigocara hotI hai, isaliye isa sUtra meM bhAvaveda kI apekSA manuSya striyoM ke sandarbha meM hI guNasthAnoM kI prarUpaNA kI gaI hai| isaliye isa sUtra meM 'saMjada' pada avazya honA cAhiye 26 / isa viSaya para vistAra se carcA karane ke liye bambaI meM eka tridivasIya 67

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bIsavIM sadI ke dhArmika Andolana : eka samIkSA saMgoSThI kA Ayojana kiyA gayA thA, jisameM koI antima nirNaya nahIM ho sakA thaa| kintu bAda meM paM0 makkhanalAla jI zAstrI ne AcArya zAntisAgara jI mahArAja ko prerita kara tAr3apatrIya pratiyoM ke AdhAra para SaTakhaNDAgama kI jo tAmrapatra prati taiyAra kI gaI usake terAnabeveM sUtra ko 'saMjada' pada se rahita hI aMkana kraayaa| - isake bAda bhI isa viSaya para UhApoha calatA rahA aura vidvatpariSad kI kAryakAriNI ne 'saMjada' pada ke samAveza ke pakSa meM prastAva pAsa kara apanI sahamati vyakta kii| anta meM pUjya zAntisAgara jI mahArAja ne donoM pakSoM ke pramANoM para gahana vicAra kara apane pUrva vaktavya ko vApisa liyA aura marAThI meM apane abhimata ko prakaTa karate huye 'saMjada' pada ke samAveza kI AvazyakatA para bala diyA thaa| AcAryazrI kI isa ghoSaNA ke sAtha hI yaha Andolana samApta ho gyaa| nArI zikSAH bIsavIM sadI ke prArambha meM jaina samAja meM prAya: zikSA kA abhAva thaa| paruSavarga meM jo thor3e-bahata par3he-likhe zrImanta athavA vidvAna the, unhIM ke hAthoM meM samAja kI bAgaDora thii| jaina samAja meM vyApta azikSA hI unakI garIbI kA mUla kAraNa thaa| ata: isa dizA meM pUjya gaNezaprasAda jI varNI ne bundelakhaNDa meM aneka saMskRta vidyAlayoM evaM pAThazAlAoM kI sthApanA karake jaina samAja meM zikSA kA pracAra-prasAra kiyaa| mahArASTra meM pUjya munizrI samantabhadra jI mahArAja ne aneka gurukuloM kI sthApanA karake avidyA ke andhakAra se jaina evaM jainetara samAja ko ubaaraa| itanA saba hote haye bhI nArI zikSA kI ora kisI vyakti kA dhyAna nahIM gyaa| ata: mA~zrI candAbAI jI ne ArA (bihAra) meM jaina bAlA vizrAma aura zrI mahAvIra jI (rAja.) meM bra0 kamalAbAI jI ne mahilA Azrama kI sthApanA karake nArI zikSA para vizeSa bala diyA hai| bAla-vidhavA bahinoM ke ghora nirAzAmaya jIvana meM rozanI phailAne vAle ina zikSA AyatanoM ne mahilA samAja meM eka naI jAgRti paidA kI hai| isase dIna-hIna kahI jAne vAlI aneka kanyAoM evaM vidhavA bahinoM ne adhyayana kA Atma-sammAna to prApta kiyA hI hai, sAtha hI deza aura samAja kI sevA kara apane jIvana ko saphala banAyA hai| ata: nArI zikSA kA yaha Andolana apane kucha uddezyoM kI pUrti ke kAraNa AMzika rUpa meM saphala kahA jA sakatA hai| anya vividha Andolana uparyukta ke atirikta anya aura bhI aneka Andolana samaya-samaya para jaina samAja meM hue haiM, jinameM sAmAjika dRSTi se daheja prathA kA unmUlana mahattvapUrNa hai| kintu daheja prathA ko samApta karane ke liye jitane bhI sarakArI yA sAmAjika niyama bane, ve sabhI dahejalobhiyoM aura dahejadAtAoM kI kamajorI ke kAraNa saphala nahIM ho

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 ske| phalasvarUpa nArI-nArI kI zatru banI aura daheja na lAne ke kAraNa gRhalakSmI utpIDita huI aura ho rahI hai| ata: isa sAmAjika burAI ko dUra karane ke liye yadi hamArI mAtAe~-bahineM eka juTa hokara mukAbalA kareM to yaha rAkSasI prathA samApta ho sakatI hai| bAla vivAha aura bAla dIkSA kucha apavAdoM ko chor3akara prAyaH samApta hai| mRtyu bhoja ke prati sAmAjika bandhana nahIM rhaa| vilAyata (videza) yAtrA kA niSedha aura aMgrejI zikSA ke grahaNa se jaina saMskRti ke naSTa hone kI bAteM bahuta pahale hI samApta ho cukI haiN| jina zAsana devI-devatAoM kI pUjA aura dravyapUjA evaM bhAvapUjA terApaMtha aura bIsapaMtha ke purAne mudde haiN| nimitta-upAdAna, nizcaya-vyavahAra aura kramabaddha paryAya Adi para punazcarcA kAnajI svAmI kI dena hai, jise prAya: sabhI jAnate haiN| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki bIsavIM sadI ke prArambha se hI jaina samAja meM AndolanoM kI bAr3ha rahI hai| ye Andolana jaina samAja kI jAgarUkatA ke pratIka haiN| anyathA inake calAne meM jo zrama aura Arthika kSati hotI hai vaha sarva sAdhAraNa ke liye sambhava nahIM hai| ye Andolana jaina samAja ko nirantara jAgarUka banAye rakheM tathA dhArmika aura / nItiparaka dRSTikoNa ko apanAte huye ajJAnatA athavA lokarUr3hi ke kAraNa samAja meM vyApta kurItiyoM ko dUra kara samAja aura deza kA kalyANa kareM, yahI maMgala bhAvanA sandarbha 1. paM0 phUlacandra siddhAntazAstrI, varNa, jAti aura dharma, pRSTha 18. 2. bra0 paM0 candAbAIabhinandanagrantha, pRSTha 18-19. 3. varNa, jAti aura dharma, pRSTha 258. 4. vahI, pRSTha 259. 5. AcArAnavadyatvaM zucirUpaskara: zArIrI ca vizuddhiH karoti zudramapi devadvija tapasviparikarmasu yogyam nItivAkyAmRta, uddhRta varNa, jAti aura dharma, pRSTha 264-265. brAhmaNA vratasaMskArAt kSatriyAH zastradhAraNAt / vaNijo'rthArjanAnyAyAt zUdrA nyagvRttiAsaMzrayAt / / mahApurANa, 38/46 uddhRta varNa, jAti aura dharma, pRSTha 373. manuSyajAtirekaiva jAtinAmodayodabhavA / vRttibhedAhitAda bhedAccAturvidhyAmihAranute / /

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bIsavIM sadI ke dhArmika Andolana : eka samIkSA - mahApurANa 38/45 uddhRta, vahI, varNa, jAti aura dharma, pRSTha 373. 8. bra0 paM0 candAbAI abhinandanagrantha, pRSTha 19. 9. svAmI satyabhakta, 'jaina samAja ke Andolana, 'bAbU choTelAla jaina smRtigrantha', pRSTha 104. 10.12. vahI, pRSTha 104, 13. draSTavya, vidhavA vivAha vicAra (TaikTa) lekhaka- bAbU sumeracandra jI 'kauzala' bI. e, prakAzaka, zrI di0 jaina syAdvAda pracAriNI sabhA, naM0 1 vaizAkha lena, bar3A bAjAra, kalakattA. 14-15. bra0 paM0 candAbAI abhinandana grantha, pRSTha, 18. 16. draSTavya, bAbU choTelAla jaina smRtigrantha, pRSTha 102. 17. vahI, pRSTha 103. 18. draSTavya, guru gopAladAsa bairayA smRtigrantha, pRSTha 9. 19. vahI, pRSTha 9. 20. paM0 cainasukhadAsa nyAyatIrtha, 'dassA pUjAdhikAra ke sambandha meM gurujI ke vicAra, guru gopAladAsa baraiyA smRtigrantha, pRSTha 177. 21-22. vahI, pRSTha 177. 23-24. vahI, pRSTha 178. 25. jaina samAja ke Andolana (svAmI satyabhakta), bAbU choTelAla jaina smRtigrantha, pR0 103. 26. draSTavya, siddhAntAcArya paM0 phUlacandra zAstrI abhinandanagrantha, pR0 484. 27. vahI, pR0 483-486. 70

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jaina vidyA ke vikAsa ke hetu racanAtmaka kAryakrama zrI dulIcanda jaina* jaina vidyA ke pracAra kI AvazyakatA Aja jaina vidyA ke pracAra kI AvazyakatA pratyeka vyakti mahasUsa kara rahA hai| vastutaH pracAra prasAra meM hama loga bahuta pichar3e hue haiN| vizva meM IsAI, islAma, vaidika aura bauddha Adi dharmoM kA vyApaka pracAra huA hai| hajAroM loga unake pracAraprasAra meM lage hue haiM tathA araboM rUpaye vyaya ho rahe haiN| jaina dharma kA pracAra prasAra hamane sAdhu-sAdhviyoM para chor3a diyA hai| ye sAdhu saMta jaina jIvana paddhati ke sAkAra rUpa haiM, deza bhara meM choTe-choTe grAmoM se lekara bar3e nagaroM taka ye dharma kA pracAra kara rahe haiN| lekina inakI apanI maryAdAeM haiM, ye apanI Atma-sAdhanA meM nimagna rahate haiM, kisI bhI prakAra ke vAhana kA upayoga nahIM karate tathA deza ke bAhara bhramaNa nahIM krte| jaina gRhasthoM ne pUrvakAla meM dharma kA vyApaka pracAra kiyA thaa| jaina dharma usa samaya janadharma banA thaa| videzoM meM bhI isakA vyApaka pracAra huA thaa| zrIlaMkA, varmA, jAvA, sumAtrA, hiMdacIna, jApAna, cIna tathA madhya eziyA meM IrAna, IrAka ityAdi meM jaina dharma phailA thaa| jaina zrAvakoM dvArA bar3I-bar3I naukAoM va jahAjoM dvArA videzoM meM bhramaNa kI aneka gAthAeM hamAre purANoM meM milatI haiN| ve loga videzoM meM bhI dharma kI caryA kA pAlana karate the tathA dhanopArjana ke sAtha-sAtha dharma kA bhI pracAra karate the| lekina hamArA Adhunika jaina samAja mAtra artha aura kAma kI upAsanA meM lagA huA hai, dharma ke pracAraka bahuta kama haiN| mahAkavi bhRrtahari kI yaha sUkti vartamAna jaina samAja para pUrNatayA sahI lAgU hotI hai| "yakyAkti vittaM sa naraH kulInaH sa paNDitaH sa zrutavAna guNajJaH / sa ca vaktA, sa ca darzanIyaH, sarve guNA kAMcanamAzrayanti / / " vahI arthAt jisake pAsa dhana hai, vahI isa saMsAra meM uttama kula vAlA hai, vidvAn hai, vahI jJAnavAna hai, vahI zreSTha vaktA hai aura vahI darzanIya hai| saMkSepa meM jisake pAsa dhana hai, vahI saba guNoM kA AgAra hai / zreSThI evaM mahAjana lekina yaha hamArI prAcIna jaina paraMparA ke viparIta hai| hamAre zrAvaka* maMtrI, jaina vidyA anusandhAna pratiSThAna, cennaI.

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jaina vidyA ke vikAsa ke hetu racanAtmaka kAryakrama zrAvikAoM ne dharma ko sahI DhaMga se samajhA, vratI jIvana jIyA tathA dAna, zIla, tapa aura bhAvanArUpI dharma unake jIvana meM mUrta huaa| taba jaina zrAvakoM ko "mahAjana" "zreSThI" aura "sAhUkAra" kahA jAtA thaa| AcArya haribhadra sUri ne "dharmabindu" nAmaka apane grantha meM gRhasthoM ke lie trivarga kI upAsanA kA vidhAna batAyA hai| trivarga kA artha hai dharma, artha aura kaam| "dharma aura kAma ko bhale hI anya koI paraspara virodhI mAnate hoM, kintu jina vANI ke anusAra yadi ve maryAdApUrvaka vyavahAra meM lAye jAte haiM, to paraspara avirodhI haiM" (daza0 niyukti 262) dharma kA asalI svarUpa Aja jaina dharma ke asalI svarUpa ko bahuta kama loga samajhate haiN| jIvana ko hama kisa prakAra AnandapUrvaka, tanAvarahita va sauhArdapUrNa DhaMga se jiyeM, yaha jaina dharma batalAtA hai| loga ise nivRttimUlaka dharma mAnate haiM para isameM nivRtti aura pravRtti kA samanvaya hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA ki pratyeka prANI meM AtmA hai ata: usake prati sammAna kI bhAvanA rakhanI caahie| jIva mAtra ke prati Adara yaha jaina dharma kA prathama siddhAMta hai| dUsarA siddhAMta hai sabhI vyaktiyoM ke prati samabhAva rakhanA, kisI ko UMcA yA nIcA nahIM smjhnaa| tIsarA siddhAMta hai ki hamAre vicAroM meM Agraha kI vRtti na ho| AcAra meM ahiMsA aura vicAroM meM anekAMta eka samatA aura sauhArdamUlaka samAja racanA meM sahAyaka hote haiN| jainazabda kA artha hI jItanA hai| jo apane Apako jItatA hai, apanI AtmA ko jItatA hai, kaSAyoM para vijaya prApta karatA hai, vahI jaina kahalAne kA adhikArI hai| Aja vizva meM cAroM ora hiMsA aura azAnti carama sImA para pahuMca gaI hai| amerikA jaise ati samRddha deza meM hara 30 minaTa meM eka vyakti AtmahatyA kara letA hai tathA hara 20 minaTa meM eka vyakti pAgala ho jAtA hai| Arthika jIvana meM jahA~ vahA~ samaddhi kA atireka hai, vahIM vyaktigata jIvana parezAna va trasta hai| bIyara aura DIyara se unakI dinacaryA kA Arambha hotA hai, mAsAMhAra karanA va rAta ko kaisinoM (nRtya evaM juAghara) dekhanA unakI Adata par3a gaI hai| pArivArika jIvana vinaSTa ho rahA hai| vaha vAtAvaraNa hamAre deza meM bhI phailane vAlA hai| Aja kala bhArata meM bhI TI0 vI0 meM jo kAryakrama A rahe haiM ve vyaktigata jIvana meM hiMsA, zarAba, para-strI gamana va caritrahInatA ke dRzya pradarzita karate haiM evaM parivAra meM vighaTana kI bhAvanA dikhAte haiN| aise samaya meM jaina dharma ke sAtvikatA, prema, bhrAtRbhAva, dayA va karuNA ke vicAroM kA pracAra karanA bahuta bar3I cunautI kA kArya hai| heriTeja DAyarI hAla hI meM maine aravinda Azrama, pANDicerI dvArA prakAzita eka "saMskRti

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 (Hiritage) DAyarI' dekhii| isameM bhagavAn buddha, zrIkRSNa, bAlmiki, tulasI, kabIra, vivekAnanda, maharSi ramaNa, mahAtmA gAMdhI Adi kI 365 sUktiyAM dekhiiN| lekina Azcarya hai ki usameM mahAvIra yA kisI bhI anya jaina mahApuruSa kI eka bhI sUkti nahIM hai| isameM doSa una logoM kA nahIM varan hamArA hI hai jo hamane bhagavAn mahAvIra ke siddhAntoM ko sarala DhaMga se lokapriya nahIM kiyaa| Agama jJAna kA sarala bhASA meM pracAra : jainadharma kA mUla sAhitya prAkRta bhASA meM saMgRhIta hai| yaha jJAna kA akSaya bhaNDAra hai| jaina Agama sAhitya, jaina dharma, darzana, AcAra, saMskRti tathA bhAratIya jIvana vidhA ko samajhane ke mUla srota haiN| sva0 upAdhyAya zrI amara munijI ke zabdoM meM, "jaina sAhitya kA sUkti-bhaNDAra mahAsAgara se bhI gaharA hai| usameM eka se eka divya asaMkhya maNi-muktAe~ chipI par3I haiN| adhyAtma aura vairAgya ke lie hI upAdeya nahIM, kintu pArivArika, sAmAjika Adi ke vikAsa hetu nIti, vyavahAra Adi ke utkRSTa siddhAMta-vacana inameM yatra-tatra bikhare par3e haiN|" (sUkti-triveNI pRSTha 11) lekina hamane Agama graMthoM ko prAcIna bahumUlya vastu (Antique) samajhakara bhaNDAroM va pustakAlayoM meM rakha diyA yA ve mAtra sAdhu-santoM ke lie upayogI haiM, yaha mAna kara apane kartavya kI itizrI kara dii| yaha sthiti ThIka nahIM hai| jisa prakAra gItA presa, gorakhapura vAloM ne gItA aura rAmAyaNa Adi vaidika granthoM kI karor3oM pratiyAM lAgata se bhI kama mUlya meM vitarita kI haiM, vaise hI hameM bhI Agama kI gAthAoM evaM sUktiyoM ko sarala bhASA meM vibhinna bhASAoM meM pracArita karanA hogaa| Aja bAibila kA anuvAda duniyA~ kI sabhI bhASAoM meM ho cukA hai tathA usakI karor3oM pratiyAM vitarita kI jAtI haiN| hare kRSNa Andolana (ISCONE) ko to prAraMbha hue 100 varSa bhI nahIM hue haiM para usake eka karor3a anuyAyI haiM jinhoMne zrI prabhupAda dvArA racita gItA aura bhAgavata kI sundara pratiyA~ karor3oM kI saMkhyA meM vitarita kI haiN| hameM bhI isI prakAra uttarAdhyayayana sUtra, tattvArthasUtra, Atma-siddhi zAstra, bhaktAmarastrotra Adi ko jana-jana meM (jainoM evaM ajainoM meM) lokapriya karanA hogaa| hama logoM ne bhI bahuta sAhitya aneka sampradAyoM meM prakAzita kiyA hai para una saba dvArA jaina dharma kA loka maMgalakArI sArvajanIna svarUpa logoM taka nahIM pahuMcA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra kI vANI meM sAre vizva kI mAnava jAti ko eka sUtra meM gumphita karane kI kSamatA hai| dhana ke sthAna para dharma ko mahattva vartamAna jaina samAja ne dharma ko gauNa va dhana ko jIvana meM pradhAna sthAna de diyA hai, yaha Aja kI durbhAgyapUrNa sthiti hai| dharma jIvana meM pramukha sthAna rakhatA hai, yaha hama kahate to haiM para use jIvana vyavahAra meM nahI laate| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA

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jaina vidyA ke vikAsa ke hetu racanAtmaka kAryakrama "lanbhanti vimalA bhoe, lanbhanti sura sNpyaa| labbhanti putta mittaM ca, ego dhammo na labbhaI" / / arthAt pRthvI ke sabhI sukhopabhoga upalabdha honA kaThina nahIM hai, devatAoM ke tulya saMpatti prApta honA bhI kaThina nahIM hai, AjJAkArI putra va hitaiSI mitra milanA bhI kaThina nahIM hai arthAt ye saba durlabha nahIM haiN| kevala mAtra zuddha dharma ke mUlyoM kI prApti honA durlabha hai| binA dharma kI sAdhanA ke manuSya kA jIvana vyartha hai, pazu tulya hai| maharSi bhartRhari ne kahA hai "yeSAM na vidyA na tapo na dAnaM, jJAnaM na zIlaM guNo na dhrmH| te mRtyuloke bhuvi bhAra bhUtA, manuSya rUpeNa mRgAzcaranti / / " arthAt jinake pAsa na vidyA hai, na tapa hai, na dAna hai, na jJAna hai, na guNa hai, na dharma hai, ve isa mRtyuloka meM pRthvI ke bhArabhUta haiM aura pazu hote hue bhI manuSya ke rUpa meM vicaraNa karate haiN| Adhunika DhaMga se dharma kA pracAra vijJAna va takanIkI kA Aja jo vikAsa ho rahA hai, usake anusAra hameM bhI Adhunika AvazyakatAoM ke anusAra jaina dharma ko pracArita karanA hogaa| isameM koI saMdeha nahIM ki Aja jaina dharma ke prati logoM meM bahuta jijJAsA bar3hI hai| sAdhu-saMtoM ke pAsa bhI bahuta bar3I saMkhyA meM bhAI-bahana Ate haiN| hameM jaina adhyAtma ko rucikara DhaMga se samajhAnA hogaa| jaina dharma zAkAhAra, sadAcAra va zuddhAcAra kI preraNA detA hai| bhojana kI zaddhi se mana zuddha hotA hai aura mana kI bhAvanA zuddha hone se manuSya galata karma nahIM krtaa| Aja duniyA~ ke aneka dezoM meM zAkAhAra kA vyApaka pracAra-prasAra ho rahA hai| vaha isalie nahIM ki unakA dharma unako isakI preraNA detA hai| para Aja ke zreSTha cikitsaka, vaijJAnika va paryAvaraNazAstrI yaha kahate haiM ki yaha bhojana supAcya hai, zarIra ko svastha banAtA hai, zakti pradAna karatA hai va mana ko zAnta, prasanna va praphulita rakhatA hai| Aja amerikA meM 1 karoDa 24 lAkha loga va briTena meM 35 lAkha loga zAkAhAra ko apanA rahe haiN| paryAvaraNa zAstrI katlakhAnoM ko baMda karAne kA prayatna kara rahe haiN| bhArata meM zrImatI menakA gAMdhI ne tarkapUrNa DhaMga se zAkAhAra kI guNavattA ko vyakta kiyA hai| isake bAvajUda durbhAgya se hamAre deza meM mAsAMhAra kA pracalana bar3ha rahA hai| yahA~ mAMsa, aMDe, machalI-matsyoM kI khetI hotI hai| yAntrika katlakhAne bar3ha rahe haiN| yaha eka aisI cunautI hai jisakA turanta aura saMgaThita DhaMga se mukAbalA na karane para hamAre deza kA buniyAdI DhAMcA hI Dhaha jaayegaa| anusaMdhAna ke kSetra meM kArya bhArata ke aneka vizvavidyAlayoM meM prAkRta va jaina vidyA ke vibhAga khule haiM

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 jahA~ ema0 e0, ema0 phila0 va pIeca0 DI0 kA anusaMdhAna kArya ho rahA hai| lekina vahA~ bhI sAdhanoM va zreSTha adhyApakoM kI kamI hai evaM samRddha pustakAlaya bhI nahIM haiN| lekina phira bhI ina anusaMdhAna kAryoM dvArA jo AMkar3e prakAza meM Ae haiM ve AzcaryAnvita karane vAle haiN| asala meM jaina itihAsa kA sahI rUpa vidvAnoM ne aba taka nahIM samajhA hai| kucha varSoM pUrva suprasiddha AgamajJa sva0 zrI jauharImalajI pArikha ko purI ke zaMkarAcAryajI dvArA Ayojita bhagavadgItA para eka antarrASTrIya sammelana meM bhAga lene kA AmantraNa milaa| unhoMne usa sammelana ke lie eka bahuta hI sundara lekha likhA jisameM gItA ke "sama buddhi" bhAva kI jaina dharma ke "sAmAyika" bhAva se tulanA kI thii| 42 pRSThoM ke isa vidvattApUrNa lekha ke aMtima pRSTha meM unhoMne likhA ki "jaina paramparA ke anusAra yogirAja zrIkRSNa jaina dharma ke 22 veM tIrthaMkara bhagavAn ariSTanemi ke cacere bhAI the| ata: unake jIvana para bhagavAn zrI ariSTanemi kA gaharA prabhAva thaa| ata: gItA para bhI unake cintana kA prabhAva par3A ho to isameM koI Azcarya nahIM honA caahie|" kucha dinoM pUrva madrAsa ke eka zreSTha patrakAra se, jo vaidika dharma ke mUrdhanya paNDita haiM, maiM jaina Agama sUtroM para carcA kara rahA thaa| unhoMne kahA ki hama loga isa bAta se anabhijJa haiM ki jaina dharma meM itane udAra aura sArvajanIna bhAva haiN| inakA vyApaka pracAra honA caahie| Adhunika zodhoM ke sukhada pariNAma Adhunika zodhoM ke pariNAmasvarUpa vidvAn loga yaha mAnane lage haiM ki zramaNa saMskRti isa deza kI mUla evaM prAcInatama saMskRtiyoM meM se eka hai| bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne jisa pravRtti dharma kA samanvayAtmaka rUpa logoM ke sAmane rakhA thA, usa para bhI kAphI zodha huA hai| aba yaha bhI anusaMdhAna kiyA jA rahA hai ki vedoM meM pratipAdya devoM, prakRti kI stutiyoM aura yajJa-yAgAdi ko pradhAnatA dene ke bAda upaniSadoM kA nirmANa zuddha AdhyAtmika dharAtala para kina kAraNoM aura kina paristhitiyoM meM kaise saMbhava huA? yaha tathya prakAza meM A rahA hai ki yaha bhArata kI AtmavAdI zramaNa saMskRti ke prabhAva se hI haa| DaoN0 phUlacanda jaina "premI" ne "upaniSada sAhitya para zramaNa saMskRti ke cintana kA prabhAva" nAmaka lekha meM likhA hai- "muNDakopaniSad va kaThopaniSad Adi upaniSadoM meM Atma vidyA kA svarUpa vivecana vizeSa rUpa se prArambha huA dikhalAI detA hai, jaba ki vedoM meM AtmavidyA ke vivecana kA prAya: abhAva hI hai|" siddhAntAcArya paMDita kailAzacanda zAstrI ne likhA hai, "AtmA, punarjanma, araNya, saMnyAsa, tapa aura mukti ye sAre tattva paraspara meM sambaddha haiN| Atma vidyA kA eka chora punarjanma to dUsarA mukti hai| ye saba tattva vaidiketara saMskRti se vaidika saMskRti meM praviSTa hue haiN|" rASTrakavi zrI rAmadhArIsiMha dinakara ne likhA hai- "hindutva aura

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jaina vidyA ke vikAsa ke hetu racanAtmaka kAryakrama jainatva Apasa meM ghulamilakara itane ekAkAra ho gae haiM ki Aja kA sAdhAraNa hindU yaha jAnatA bhI nahIM ki ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha-ye jaina dharma . ke upadeza the, hindU dharma ke nhiiN|" siddhAntoM kA navIna prastutIkaraNa Aja hameM jaina dharma ke AtmA, paramAtmA, karma, punarjanma ityAdi siddhAntoM ko naye rUpa meM prastuta karanA hogaa| krodha, mAna, mAyA va lobha AdhyAtmika jIvana ke lie hI ghAtaka nahIM haiM, vyAvahArika jIvana meM bhI saMkaTa utpanna karate haiN| Aja kA navayuvaka pApa-puNya va svarga-naraka kI bAtoM ko nahIM smjhtaa| udAharaNArtha rAtri bhojana meM pApa hai, yaha bAta usakI samajha meM nahIM aatii| kintu isake sthAna para cikitsakoM kI rAya dvArA yaha samajhAyA jAya ki dera se bhojana karane para vilamba hone se kabja Adi aneka rogoM ke zarIra meM phailane kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai| rAtri meM choTe-2 jIvoM ke bhojana meM girane se svAsthya ko nukasAna pahuMcatA hai| Aja kA navayuvaka dharma kriyAoM meM bhI ruci nahIM rkhtaa| ata: use dhyAna, svAdhyAya, gIta aura bhajana dvArA jaina adhyAtma kI ora AkarSita karanA hogaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne nArI jAti ko jo sammAna diyA, vaisA anya kisI dharma ne nahIM diyaa| unake ziSyoM meM jitane zramaNa the| unase adhika zramaNiyAM thiiN| Aja bhI hamArI bahaneM dharma kriyAoM meM jitanI ruci rakhatI haiM, bhAI utanA nahIM rakhate / isI prakAra bhagavAn mahAvIra ne samAjika samatA kI bAta rakhI ki janma se koI U~cA aura nIcA nahIM hotA, karma se hotA hai| isa prakAra unake ahiMsA samatAvAda, vicAra-svAtaMtrya ityAdi siddhAntoM dvArA hama navayuvaka-navayuvatiyoM ko jaina vidyA kI ora AkarSita kara sakate haiN| pratyeka paramparA kA sammAna aba hameM dharma ke tattvoM ko AMkar3oM va cArTI dvArA oNDiyo, vIDiyo va kaoNmpyUTara dvArA pracArita karanA hogaa| mUla sAhitya kI taTastha vyAkhyAeM karanI hoMgI jisase ki gambhIra siddhAntoM ko saralatA se samajhAyA jA ske| TI0 vI0 va reDiyo para bhI jaina dharma ke bAre meM sarala, bodhagamya va vaijJAnika vArtAeM prasArita karanI hoNgii| na kevala sampUrNa jaina samAja ko saMgaThita rUpa meM kAryakrama Ayojita karane cAhie balki zAnti, jIvadayA, sadAcAra va samatA ke kSetra meM kArya karane vAle anya sabhI samUhoM ko sAtha lekara kAma karanA hogaa| jaisA ki paNDita zrI sukhalAla jI ne likhA hai "pratyeka dharma paramparA ko dUsarI dharma paramparA kA utanA hI Adara karanA cAhie jitanA vaha apane bAre meM cAhatI hai| dhArmika aura sAMskRtika adhyayana-adhyApana kI paramparA ko itanA vikasita karanA cAhie ki jisameM kisI eka dharma paramparA kA -

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 anuyAyI anya dharma-paramparAoM kI bAtoM se sarvathA anabhijJa nahIM rahe aura unake mantavyoM ko galata rUpa meM na smjhe|" zikSaNa ke kSetra meM kArya zikSaNa ke kSetra meM Aja hamArI aneka saMsthAeM prAthamika vidyAlaya se lekara vizvavidyAlaya stara para kAryarata haiN| lekina jaina samAja dvArA saMcAlita evaM jaina nAma se calane vAlI saMsthAoM meM bhI jaina tattva-jJAna va AdarzoM kI par3hAI bahuta kama hotI hai| unake kAryoM kA mUlyAMkana karanA Avazyaka hai| Aja hameM samanvayAtmaka korsa banAne hoMge, jinako jaina samAja ke sabhI vargoM kI mAnyatA mila ske| mahAvIra sevA saMgha, muMbaI ne pheDerezana Apha jaina esosiesansa ina nArtha amerikA (jainA) ke sahayoga se isI prakAra kA eka korsa pAMcavI kakSA taka ke chAtroM ke lie banAyA hai, jo anukaraNIya hai| videzoM meM jaina vidyA kA jo pracAra ho rahA hai, vaha sampradAyAtIta evaM sArvajanIna hai| anya dharmoM vAle bhI inako acchI prakAra se samajha sakate haiN| 12 vIM kakSA taka kA jo korsa bane usameM naitika zikSA, adhyAtma-jJAna, jaina itihAsa aura paramparA, prAkRta bhASA va bhajana ke pAThyakrama sammilita hone caahiye| jahA~ taka snAtakIya korsa kA sambandha hai sAmAnyatayA yaha prazna uThatA hai ki vidyArthI jaina tattvajJAna kI par3hAI meM ruci nahIM lete| isake lie briTena ke hamAre jaina baMdhuoM ne De meMTo yunivarsiTI meM eka bahuta hI sundara snAtakIya korsa vikasita kiyA hai jise bI0 e0 DigrI korsa ke sAtha jor3a diyA hai| jo chAtra kAmarsa, kAnUna, mainejamenTa, kaoNmpyUTara, vijJAna Adi kA DigrI korsa karate haiM, unako sAtha meM jaina vidyA kI par3hAI kA bhI lAbha milegaa| prathama varSa meM nimna do viSaya haiM: 1. bhAratIya saMskRti aura jaina dharma 2. jaina dharma evaM darzana-bhAga1 dvitIya evaM tRtIya varSa meM nimna viSayoM meM se 4 viSaya lene hoMge - 1. jaina dharma evaM darzana-bhAga-2 2. itihAsa ke paripekSya meM jaina samAja evaM saMskRti 3. Adhunika jaina samAja evaM saMskRti 4. mukhya jaina granthoM kA aMgrejI anuvAda 5. prAkRta bhASA 6. vaikalpika viSaya isase vidyArthI ArTasa, vANijya va vijJAna kI DigrI ke sAtha jaina dharma kA bhI kAphI jJAna prApta kara skeNge|

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jaina vidyA ke vikAsa ke hetu racanAtmaka kAryakrama kAryakartAoM kI ruci evaM sahayoga sabase jarUrI bAta yaha hai ki prAthamika se vizvavidyAlaya taka ke sabhI kAryakramoM meM samAja ke kAryakartAoM kI ruci evaM sahayoga apekSita hai| zikSAvid zaikSaNika viSayoM aura kAryakramoM kA saMcAlana kara sakate haiM para saMsthAoM ke vyavasthApakIya evaM vittIya kAryakramoM meM samAja ke prabuddha varga kA sahayoga nitAnta Avazyaka hai| hamAre samAja kA zikSita varga vizeSataH, jinhoMne vANijya, kAnUna va anya takanIkI viSayoM meM ucca zikSA prApta kI hai, kA sahayoga evaM yogadAna ina zikSaNa kAryakramoM ko saphala banA skegaa| aupacArika zikSA ke atirikta hamArA samAja aneka svAdhyAya kAryakramoM, pAThazAlAoM va jJAnAlayoM kA bhI saMcAlana karatA hai, jinake dvArA jainatva kI zikSA dI jAtI hai| inake kAryakramoM kA bhI mUlyAMkana kiyA jAnA caahiye| inakA bhI zikSaNa asAmpradAyika DhaMga se ho tathA inameM ADiyo-vIDiyo kA upayoga kiyA jaaye| zrImatI anurAdhA pauDavAla kI bhaktAmara kI kaiseTa (vIDiyo) bahuta lokapriya huI hai| "bAraha bhAvanA" evaM "daza lakSaNa dharma" para zrI hakamacanda bhArilla kI kaiseTeM bhArata evaM videzoM meM eka lAkha se adhika bikI haiN| svAdhyAya ke ina kAryakramoM kA pAThyakrama sarala va subodha ho, isa sambandha meM indaura ke DaoN0 nemicanda jaina ne jo jaina vidyA kA pAThyakrama banAyA hai, vaha bahuta hI upayogI aura prabhAvotpAdaka hai| agara pratyeka bhAI va bahana jaina vidyA ke adhyayana va pracAra meM saptAha meM eka ghaMTA samaya bhI deveM to hama sAre deza meM jaina vidyA kA prabhAvotpAdaka kAryakrama prastuta kara sakate haiN|

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- sAhu saraNaM pavajjAmi DaoN0 pAnamala surANA ananta upakArI zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ne apane nirvANa se kucha hI samaya pUrva pAvApurI ke aMtima samavasaraNa meM uttarAdhyayana sUtra kI dezanA kI thii| isakA zubhArambha sampUrNa zramaNAcAra kI nIMva, aNagAra kI jIvana bhUmikA - "vinaya' se hotA hai| 'vinaya' kA kSetra ziSTAcAra se prArambha hokara caturvidha saMgha (sAdhu-sAdhvI, zrAvakazrAvikA) ke sampUrNa sadAcAra kI paridhi meM parivyApta hai| gurujanoM ke samakSa vinaya evaM vivekapUrvaka kaise halana-calana karanA, unake anuzAsana kI sImA meM rahakara kisa prakAra jJAnArjana karanA tathA sambhASaNa evaM vartana meM vinaya-viveka rakhate hae use jIvana vyavahAra meM lAnA ye saba viSaya 'vinaya' prakaraNa meM hI sammilita haiN| isIlie zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ne uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM sarvaprathama 'vinaya' ko sarvopari prAthamikatA dete hue sAdhaka ko jIvana meM vyavahAra kuzala banAne kI dezanA pradAna kii| sabhI tIrthaGkara apane samaya meM 'dhamma-titthayare'-dharmatIrtha ke sthApaka rahe haiN| zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ne bhI caturvidha saMgha kI sthApanA kI thii| sAdhu-sAdhvI aura zrAvaka-zrAvikA ye donoM varga AdhyAtmika jIvana meM eka-dUsare ke pUraka samajhe jAte rahe haiN| sAdhu-sAdhvI to nizcayAtmaka rUpa se zrAvaka-zrAvikAoM ko dhArmika maryAdAoM meM rakhane ke lie sarvathA saMlagna rahe haiM, vahIM para dharmaniSTha, jJAnI evaM vratI zrAvakazrAvikA bhI zramaNAcAra kI maryAdA lAMghane vAle sAdhu-sAdhvI pakSa para aMkuza rakhate haiN| phalasvarUpa caturvidha saMgha meM vikRtiyoM ke Agamana para roka lagI rahatI thii| isa prakAra ke sAmUhika anuzAsana ke pIche 'vinaya' kI pramukha bhUmikA rahI hai| gurujanoM kA sammAna sarvopari rahA hai| AdhyAtmika sAdhanA meM guru kA pada sarvadA ucca rahA hai - cAhe vaha AcArya hoM, upAdhyAya hoM athavA susAdhu hI hoM - ye sabhI guru pada meM hI sammilita haiN| gurudeva hamArI jIvana naukA ke sunAvika hone ke phalasvarUpa saMsAra-samudra ke kAma, krodha, lobha, moha Adi bhayaMkara Ava? - bhaMvarajAla meM se hameM sakuzala pAra utArane meM sahAyaka hote haiN| ve hamAre ajJAna athavA mithyAjJAna ke AvaraNa ko haTAkara sadjJAna athavA samyagjJAna kI ora agrasara karate haiN| kahA bhI hai - ajJAnatimirAndhAnAM jJAnAMjanazalAkayA / cakSurunmilitaM yena tasmai zrIgurave namaH / / * DI0 zaMgrIlA epArTamenTa, 61 jatinadAsa roDa, kalakattA-1,00029

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sAhu saraNaM pavajjAmi samyagjJAna kI prApti samyagdarzana ke dvArA hotI hai| isI samyagdarzana athavA sadzraddhA ko hama guruvandanA meM 'vaMdAmi' (vandana, stuti karake), 'namaMsAmi' (namaskArapratiSThA karake), 'sakkAremi' (satkAra, Adara, zraddhA karake), 'sammANemi' (sammAna, bahumAna karake) Adi vinayabaddha zabdoM se sadguru ke prati zraddhA arpita karate haiN| hArdika zraddhA-rahita vandana guru vandana na rahakara mAtra dikhAvA raha jAtA hai / yaha paMcAGga (do hAtha, do paira evaM mastaka) daNDavat kevala dravya vandana hI raha jAtA hai| isameM bhAva sahita vizuddha mana se zraddhA kA abhAva hai| samyag zraddhA ke binA guru se samyagjJAna prApta karanA duSkara hai| jaina saMskRti meM AcArya sadguru varga kA uccatama pada hai| zrAvaka-zrAvikAoM dvArA AcAryoM ko apane kSetra meM pharasane athavA cAturmAsa pharamAne kI bhAva bhInI yAcanA - vinati karane kI jaina dharma meM eka prAcIna paramparA, prathA rahI hai| vartamAna meM yAtAyAta ke drutagAmI evaM sugama sAdhana prApta hone se zrAvaka-zrAvikAe~ apane kSetra kA pratinidhitva karane meM sAmUhika rUpa meM svayaM AcAryazrI ke samakSa upasthita hokara yaha bhAvasikta vinati prastuta karate haiN| isake viparIta unnIsavIM sadI meM jaba yAtAyAta kI itanI sulabha evaM drutagAmI sevAe~ upalabdha nahIM thI taba yahI vinati sandezavAhaka dvArA eka vizeSa 'vinati - patrikA' AcArya zrI ko vizuddha bhAva se zraddhApUrvaka unakA guNagAna karate hue vizeSa rUpa se zabdabaddha kI jAtI thii| yahI nahIM usa vinati - patrikA meM AdhyAtmika citrakArI, padyAvalI Adi kA prayoga karate hue use kAphI lambA bhI banA diyA jAtA thaa| mer3atA ( rAjasthAna) ke saMgha pramukhoM dvArA tapAgaccha ke AcArya zrI vijayajinendra sUri jI ko ahamadAbAda ke nikaTa vIramapura nagara meM saMvat 1867 (1810 I0sa0 ) meM bhejA gayA vinati - patra 32 phuTa lambA thA jisameM 17 phuTa lambI to kevala citrakArI thii| isI zrRMkhalA meM maiM yahA~ para nAgaura (rAjasthAna) ke luMkAgacchIya mer3atA ke zrIsaMgha (pramukhataH surANA ) dvArA jaisalamera meM virAjita AcArya zrI ko pauSa vadi caturdazI vikrama saMvat 1934 (1877 I0 sa0 ) meM bheja gae 'vinati' kA nIce uddharaNa karatA hU~ jo mujhe zrImAn bha~varalAla nAhaTA, kalakattA ke saujanya se prApta huA hai jinakA maiM hRdaya se AbhAra prakaTa karatA huuN| upasaMhAra meM yathA gurudIpaka guru cAMdaNoM, guru bina ghora aMdhAra / - sadguru maiM nahIM bIsarUM, guru mujha dharma AdhAra / / ||: e rdra = // OM natvA / svasti zrI AdijinaM praNamya ramyamanasA zrImata tatra zrI jesalamera mahadurge zrImaccAritracUDAmaNIn zrI jinazAsanamaMDakAn dazavidha samAcAryupetAna zrI jinAjJorarIkArakAn amRtamayamahimAnidhAnAn naranArIsevita pAdAraviMdAn 80

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 gaccha bhAra nirvAhaka vRSabhAn samitiguptyAdi virAjamAnAn paMcAcAraniraticAra pAlakAn vimalajanavAMchitArthaprApakAn samagraguNagaNArohaNAcalAn vimalayaza:pUrapUritadigmukhAn saddezanAraMjita bhavikalokanikarAn anekAgama rahasya kovidAn sallabdhisAgara gautama gaNadharasannibhAn sakalakalAkalApakaumudIpatisannibhAna mithyAtatamaHpradhvaMsakataraNIna sAdha dviradayUthAdipatIn abhivezAgamAjita buddhinetrAn samuddacaraNamunijana vAMchita sUtrArtha prApa kalpadrumAn mithyAtvamattadvipazreNikesarI prakarasan ajJAna parama zatrudhvAMtavidAraNa mArtaNDAn paMcamahAvrata paMcaviMzatibhAvanAsamanvitAn guNagaNa gaNiSTAn vidvajjanavariSTAn sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNAn vAdivijayalakSmIzaraNAn abodha jIva pratibodhakAn dayA dharma dIpAvakAn hiMsAdhamma utthApakAn SaTjIva dayArakSakAn rAddhAMta vedAnta-vyAkaraNacchaMdolaMkAra nATaka tarka smRti purANajJAtan vidhikadalIkRpANAn vijJazreNiziromaNIn kumatAMdhakAra rAzi nabhomaNIn jitavAdi vRndAna vAdi garur3agovindAn vAdi ghaTa mudgarAn vAdighUka bhAskarAn DiMDIrapiNDapAMDurayaza: khaMDa maNDitabrahmANDaNan viveka kalA kamalinI vikAzane mArtaNDAvatArAn anavadya gadya padya-vidyA caturdazadharAn paramAptaratna ratnAkarAvatArAn merugirivaddhIna sArAn kSIrasAgara tatparamagaMbhIrAn vihitAcAra cAru cAritrAcaraNazIlAn deza jAti kularUpAdi pravarAcArya dhurya varya guNa gaNAlaMkRta vigrahAn SaTatriMzad guNagaNa virAjamAnAn pUjyaparamapUjya parama pavitra pUjyAcAryajI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI 109 zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI zrI harSacandrajI ciraMjIvI caraNakamalAn maharSi zrI megharAjajI maharSi zrI sukhAnandajI ma zrI rAjasIjI ma zrI duragadAsa jI ma zrI rAjasIjI ma zrI moTAjI vratarAgI laghu ziSya pramukha samasta sAdhucaraNa maMDalakAn atrazrI medanIpura thI likhitaM sadAsevaka AjJAkArI ...... sevaka...............hIrAnaMda aNadAkena vaMdaNAvIchojI zrIjIsAhiba sevakAM Upara kRpA dayA mayA saumya nijara sudRSTi rAkho cho tiNathI vizeSa rAkhajo jI hame to zrI zrIpUjyajI sAhibAM rA sevaka chA jI zrI jI rAja sevakAM ne sevakakarI jANajyo jI apraMca ihAM zrI jI rA tapa teja pratApa karikai sakala prakAre sukha zAtA chai jI zrIjI sAhiba Apa sAtA mAnajo jI atra zrI jInA prasAda thI pajusaNA parva sukhe samAdhai nirvighna paNai paDikkabhyA chai jI pajUsaNA meM hameM aThAI tapa kIdho hato so zrIjI rA prasAda thI nirvighnapaNe thaI jI Apa sAtA mAnajo jI zrI zrIpUjyajI sAhibAMsuM devasI pakhI saMvaccharI rAI caumAsI saMbandhI khamitakhAmaNA khamAvAM chA jI zrI jI sAhiba rAja * hamArA khamita khAmaNA khamakhojI Apa khamavA samartha chojI zrIjI sAhibAM ro dhyAna

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sAhu saraNaM pavajjAmi smaraNa rAta divasa karAMchAjI zrIjI ro darzana karasyAM te divasa saphala husIjI saphala giNasyAM jI zrI rAja balatA kAgada patra vegA prasAda karajo jI likhata samasta samagra zrI mer3atA rI nAgorI laMkAM rI vanaNA vAra 108 dina prate avadhAra jo jI zrIpUjyajI caumAsau utarAM samagra upare kRpA karane mer3atA padhArajo zrIjI sAhaba rA darasaNa rI utkaMThA ghar3I chai zrIjI sAhaba ro darasaNa kara mAM so dina dhanya hosI jI zrI jI sAhaba sadA mer3atA rI sAmagrI Upara kRpA bhAva rAkho chai tiNasuM vizeSa rAkhasI jI mitI poSa vadi 14 saM 1934 rI likhatuM iMdaracaMda caMdrabhANa jagarUpa jIvaNa li0 jaicaMda devacaMda hakamacaMda udaicaMda vinecaMda rI vanaNA 108 vAra dinaprati avadhAra surANA rI vanaNA 108 dina prate avadhara so jI likhatuM uttamacaMda ........rI vanaNA so jI li0 mANakacaMda pre......caMda galAlacaMda vAra 108 vAra bacAvasI jI / zivacaMda rUpacaMda motIcaMda........tArAcaMda likhatuM saradAramala sarUpacaMda savaNamala surANA rI vanaNA vAra 108 dinaprate avadhAra saMtokhacaMda chataramala karasacaMda so jI dhIrajamala bahAduramala bApaNA vajapAla rI li0 surANA mANakacaMda jasarUpa vadharamala vanaNA 108 avadhAra so jI ...jAlamacaMda khUbacaMda....vanaNA 108 likhataM sAraDA jItamala......kI vanaNA avadhAra jo jI ghaNaimAna 108 vAra avadhAra sI li0 siradAramala surANA rI vanaNA vAra amarasiMha .......zAha...........108 108 karI avadhAra so jii| avadhAra sI vaida abhayamala jI samasta bAlagopAla rI vandaNA vAMcajo jI 108 karI avadhAra jo likhatuM rUpacaMda anopacaMda nagajI gumAnacaMda sacaMtI rI vanaNA 108 vAra dina prati avadhAra so jI / / iti / /

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kAMgar3A ke aitihAsika kile meM zrI ambikA mAtA kA pAvana pITha mahendra kumAra 'masta'* - prAcIna kAla se vartamAna taka, vaibhava va garimA ke pratIka kAMgar3A kile ke mandira va bhagnAvazeSa, hamAre gauravapUrNa itihAsa kI yAdagAra haiN| apane atIta se vikrama kI 17 vIM sadI taka himAcala ke kaI AMcalika nagara hiMdU va jaina mandiroM se suzobhita the| piMjaura, nAdauna, nUrapura, koThIpura (koTilagrAma), gulera, pAlamapura aura DholabAhA se mile cinha, tIrthaMkara pratimAeM va maMdiroM ke avazeSa isa gauravapUrNa itihAsa kI sAkSI haiN| san 1875 ke AsapAsa bhAratIya purAtattva ke pitAmaha sara kaniMghama ne kAMgar3A Adi kSetroM kA daurA kiyA thaa| unakI riporTa meM kAMgar3A kile meM bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke jaina mandira meM tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kI pratimA va mAtA zrI aMbikA devI ke pAvana pITha hone kA ullekha hai| pATana ke hastalikhita grantha bhaNDAroM kA nirIkSaNa karate hue muni jinavijaya jI ko san 1427 kA likhA 'vijJaptitriveNI' nAma kA laghugraMtha milaa| isameM AcArya jinarAjasUri ke ziSya upAdhyAya muni jayasAgara kI nizrA meM pharIdapura (siMdha) nAmaka sthAna se eka yAtrI saMgha dvArA nagarakoTa kAMgar3A kI yAtrA karane kA vistRta vivaraNa hai| rAste ke sthAnoM meM nizcindIpura, jAlandhara, devapAlapura (DholabAhA), vipAzA (vyAsa) nadI, hariyANA (hoziyArapura ke pAsa kasbA) va kAMgar3A nagara meM bhagavAn zAMtinAtha kA maMdira mahAvIra svAmI kA mandira aura kile ke mandiroM ke vRtAnta va darzana pUjana kA ullekha hai| isI vRtAnta meM hI kilA kAMgar3A meM yAtrI saMgha dvArA mAtA ambikA kI pUjA kA bhI ullekha hai| usa samaya kAMgar3A ke zAsaka rAjA narendracandra the, jinakA kula somavaMzIya (candravaMzI) thaa| upAdhyAya jayasAgara ke hI dvArA racita- "nagarakoTa caitya paripATI" (gAthA 10) ke anusAra yaha rAja parivAra zrI ambikA devI kA upAsaka thaa| candravaMsi je rAya rANI jasu payatali kulai ambikAdevi pasAi tahiM mana vaMchita phala milaI sAhitya vAcaspati zrI bhaMvaralAlajI nAhaTA ne 'vijJaptitriveNI' kA jo hindI anuvAda prakAzita kiyA hai, usake anusAra 'yaha (kAMgar3A) mahAtIrtha zrI neminAtha *"devadarzana' 320, iNDasTriyala eriyA - II, caNDIgar3ha

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kAMgar3A ke aitihAsika kile meM zrI ambikA mAtA kA pAvana pITha svAmI ke samaya suzarma nAmaka rAjA ne sthApita kiyA hai| tatkAlIna kavitAmayI racanA "zrI nagarakoTa tIrtha vinatI' (racanA kAla - 1431 I0) meM isakA ullekha isa ... taraha kiyA gayA hai - vAraI nemIsara taNae, thApiya rAya susaraMmi AdinAI ambikA sahiya, kaMkaDakoTa sirammi 'vijJaptitriveNI' meM eka anya sthAna para jvAlAmukhI, jayantI, ambikA aura laMgar3avIra kA bhI nagarakoTa (kAMgar3A) ke sAtha ullekha milatA hai| paMjAba yUnivarsiTI lAhaura ke DaoNkTara banArasIdAsa jaina (1934) ke anusAra kAMgar3A kile meM ambikA devI ke mandira ke dakSiNa kI ora do choTe-choTe maMdira haiM jinake dvAra pazcima kI ora haiN| anupa saMskRta lAyabrerI ke guTake meM abhayadharma gaNi (san 1523) dvArA racita 'nagarakoTa vInatI' kI aMtima paMktiyAM isa prakAra haiM - iya AdijiNavarU bhuvana diNayarU nagarakoTi namaMsiu / gaNi abhaya dharamahi viviha bhattihi kariya jAtaya saMsIu / jo dhamma nAyaka sukhyadAyaka devi ambikA paravariu / dhaNa dhanna kAraNa kugaI vAraNa svAmi mahimA ati bhariu / / bar3agacchIya AcArya zrI bhadrezvara sUri (san 1391 I0) dvArA racita 'saMghapati vIkama sIha rAsa' meM kAMgar3A kile meM mAtA ambikA kA ullekha isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai| kAMgar3ai Adi jiNiMdu saMghapati vIkamu pUja karaI / ambikA taNaI prasAdi duriya jalahi niya bhuya trhiN|| mAtA zrI ambikA devI kI eka anya durlabha pratimA, jo ki AdinAtha mandira kI bagala vAlI dIvAra meM punaH sthApita kI gaI lagatI hai, meM devI mA~ kI goda meM putra ko dikhAyA gayA hai| san 1523 I0 meM jayAnaMda kavi dvArA racita "susarmapurIya nRpati varNana chaMda" meM zAyada isI mUrtimAna mAtA ambikA se kavi ne apane rAjA ke lie AzIrvAda mA~gA hai| mUla racanA jo apabhraMza meM hai, kA anuvAda isa taraha hai - "Amra la~badhAriNI, gaMdharvo ke gItamAna krama yukta, bAIM goda meM putra se alaMkRta, vizad zrRMgAra bhUSita, sudRr3ha parAkramI siMhavAhana para ArUDha ambA devI jisake dAhine hAtha se putra saMlagna hai, he nara nAtha! vaha devI ApakI vighna bAdhAeM kSaya kre|" vartamAna meM mAtA zrI ambikA devI kA yaha pAvana pITha, kAMgar3A kile ke andara jaina mandira meM bhagavAn zrI AdinAtha kI pratimA ke bilkula bagala vAle choTe se kamare meM pratiSThita hai| mAtRtva zakti ke isa bhavya srota se zraddhAlu bhaktajanoM ke vizvAsa ko yugoM-yugoM taka zakti milatI rhegii|

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elorA kI jaina sampadA - -- Ananda prakAza zrIvAstava rAjanItika sthitiyA~ sadA se hI kalA evaM sthApatya ke vikAsa kI niyAmaka rahI haiN| zAsakoM kI dhArmika AsthA evaM unakI Arthika sthiti ke anurUpa hI maMdiroM, gaphAoM evaM devamUrtiyoM kA nirmANa va vikAsa hotA rhaa| elorA mahArASTra prAnta ke auraMgAbAda jile meM sthita hai| elorA ko eka vizvaprasiddha kalA kendra ke rUpa meM vikasita hone kI pRSThabhUmi meM zAsakIya samarthana kI mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA rahI hai| yahA~ vAkATaka, cAlukya, rASTrakUTa evaM devagiri ke yAdavoM ke saMrakSaNa meM chaThI se terahavIM zatI I0 ke madhya kula 34 guphAeM utkIrNa huiiN| jinameM rASTrakUToM ke samaya (sAtavIM se dasavIM zatI I0) kA nirmANa sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa hai| elorA bhAratIya saMskRti, dharma evaM kalA kA saMgama sthala rahA hai| elorA kI devamUrtiyoM meM dharma ke pAramparika evam kathAtmaka svarUpa kI pradhAnatA rahI hai| sabhI pramukha bhAratIya dharmoM (brAhmaNa-bauddha-jaina) kI yaha kalA-triveNI bahuta anokhI hai| inake eka sAtha hone se darzakoM evaM zIghra-prajJoM ko yahAM tulanAtmaka vivecana kA AdhAra bhI mila jAtA hai| guphAeM aura mUrtiyAM jahAM eka ora apane meM kalA evaM sthApatya ke vikAsa kA lambA itihAsa sajoe haiM, vahIM dUsarI ora zAsakoM kI dharmasahiSNa nIti kI bhI sAkSI haiN| pratimAlakSaNa kI dRSTi se elorA kI guphAoM kI deva mUrtiyoM kA vizeSa mahattva hai| elorA kI jaina guphAoM (guphA krama saMkhyA 30 se 34) kA nirmANa evaM citrAMkana digambara matAvalambiyoM ke nirIkSaNa se navIM se terahavIM zatI I0 ke madhya huA hai| vAstukalA ke dRSTikoNa se talavinyAsa ke AdhAra para hI inameM antara hai| indrasabhA ke UparI tala meM indra tathA ambikA kI bhavya pratimA barabasa AkRSTa karatI hai| isake atirikta pArzvanAtha, bAhabalI, mahAvIra Adi jaina tIrthaMkaroM kI pratimAeM utkRSTa haiN| yahA~ kA jainabhitti citra bhitticitrakalA ke itihAsa meM eka anamola kar3I elorA ke jaina maMdira indra sabhA meM navIM aura dasavIM zatI I0 meM tIrthaMkara mUrtiyoM ko banavAne vAle sohila brahmacArI aura nAgavarmA kA nAma aMkita hai| guphA saMkhyA 30 se 34 taka jaina guphAoM meM guphA saMkhyA 30 kA sthAnIya nAma choTA kailAsa maMdira, guphA saMkhyA 32 kA indrasabhA evaM guphA saMkhyA 33 kA jagannAtha sabhA hai| * pUrva risarca esosieTa, kalA itihAsa vibhAga, kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vaaraannsii|

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elorA kI jaina sampadA tattva grahaNa ke AdhAra para jaina guphAeM bauddha tathA brAhmaNa guphAoM se bhinna haiN| pratimA tathA pratimA vijJAna ke AdhAra para hI inameM antara dekhA jA sakatA hai| indrasabhA tathA jagannAtha sabhA dumaMjilI haiN| elorA kI ina guphAoM meM jainoM ke sarvocca ArAdhya deva tIrthaMkaroM (yA jinoM) kA aMkana huA hai| 24 jinoM meM se AdinAtha (prathama), zAMtinAtha (16veM), pArzvanAtha (23veM) evaM mahAvIra (24 veM) kI sarvAdhika mUrtiyA~ haiM sAtha hI RSabhadeva ke putra bAhubalI gommaTezvara kI bhI kaI mUrtiyA~ haiN| yahA~ ullekhanIya hai ki dakSiNa bhArata meM gommaTezvara kI mUrtiyA~ vizeSa lokapriya thIM aura elorA meM unakI sarvAdhika mUrtiyAM bniiN| 24 tIrthaMkaroM kA sAmUhika aMkana bhI utkIrNa hai| jinoM meM sAta sarpaphaNoM vAle pArzvanAtha kI mUrtiyAM sarvAdhika lokapriya thiiN| elorA kI jaina mUrtiyoM meM chatra, siMhAsana, prabhAmaNDala jaise prAtihAryoM, lAnchanoM evaM zAsana devatAoM kA aMkana jinasena dvArA racita AdipurANa (navIM zatI I0 ke madhya) evaM guNabhadraracita uttarapurANa (navIM zatI ke aMta evaM dasavIM zatI ke prArambha) ke vivaraNoM ke anurUpa huA hai| indrasabhA evaM jagannAtha sabhA sarvAdhika ullekhanIya haiN| ina maMdiroM ke sahAyaka aMka Apasa meM nikaTastha anAvazyaka alaMkArika vivaraNoM se lade haiM ki inakI saMkalita jaTilatA ke pradarzana se darzakoM ke netra thaka jAte haiM, udAharaNArtha iMdrasabhA ke AMgana meM dhvajastaMbha maMdira ke dvAra aura kendrIya maNDapa ke itane pAsa sthita haiM ki sampUrNa aMza jabaradastI TUMsA huA evaM jaTila dRSTigocara hotA hai| AMgana ke choTe mApoM evaM usakI ora unmukha kucha kakSoM ke stabhoM ke choTe AkAra se uparyukta prabhAva aura bhI bar3ha jAtA hai| yadyapi ye vilakSaNatAeM maMdira ke saMyojana se anupAta kA abhAva prakaTa karatI haiN| para inake sthApatyAtmaka vivaraNa se paryApta udyama evaM dakSatA kA paricaya mila jAtA hai| aise udAharaNoM meM kalA mAtra kArIgarI raha jAtI hai, kyoMki sRjanAtmaka prayAsa kA sthAna prabhAvotpAdana kI bhAvazUnya niSprANa ceSTA le letI hai| ina jaina guphAoM meM cAra lakSaNa ullekhanIya haiN| eka to inameM kucha maMdiroM kI yojanA maMdira samUha ke rUpa meM haiN| dUsarI vizeSatA staMbhoM meM adhikatara ghaTapallava evaM paryaMka zailiyoM Adi kA prayoga karake samanvaya kA sarAhanIya prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| tIsarI vizeSatA inameM pUrvavartI bauddha evaM brAhmaNa guphAoM jaisI vikAsa kI kar3I nahIM dikhAI detii| jainiyoM ke elorA Agamana ke pUrva sabhI bauddha evaM brAhmaNa guphAeM bana cukI thiiN| ata: sAdhana, suvidhA evam samaya ke anusAra inhoMne kabhI bauddha evaM kabhI brAhmaNa guphAoM se preraNA lii| cauthI vizeSatA hai ki ina guphAoM meM bhikSuoM ke AvAsa kI vyavasthA nahIM hai| isa dRSTi se ye brAhmaNa guphAoM ke nikaTa haiN| elorA kI jaina guphAoM kA nirmANa adhikatara rASTrakUTa nRpatiyoM ke rAjyakAla meM huA hai| elorA kI jaina mUrtiyA~ adhikatara unnata utkIrNa haiN| yahA~ tIrthakaroM,

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 gommaTezvara bAhubalI evaM yakSa tathA yakSiyoM kI mUrtiyAM bniiN| elorA kI jaina mUrtiyoM meM tIrthaMkaroM ke vakSasthala meM 'zrIvatsa' ke aMkana kI paripATI uttara bhArata ke samAna pracalita nahIM thii| samakAlIna pUrvI cAlukyoM kI jaina mUrtiyoM meM bhI yaha cinha nahIM miltaa| sAtha hI aSTamahApratihAryoM meM se sabhI kA aMkana bhI yahA~ nahIM huA hai| kevala trichatra, azokavRkSa, siMhAsana, prabhAmaNDala, cAMvaradhArI sevaka evaM mAlAdharoM kA hI niyamita aMkana huA hai| zAsanadevatAoM meM kubera yA sarvAnubhUti yakSa tathA cakrezvarI, aMbikA evaM siddhAyikA yakSiyA~ sarvAdhika lokapriya thiiN| jinoM ke sAtha, yakSa-yakSiyoM kA siMhAsana choroM para niyamita aMkana huA hai| saMdarbha (1) bhAratIya purAtattva sarvekSaNa vibhAga ke pUrva mahAnidezaka zrI je0 pI0 jozI ke samAcAra patroM meM prakAzita 12 pharavarI 1990I0 kI sUcanA ke anusAra elorA meM 28 aura guphAoM kI khoja kI gaI hai| parantu 1993 I0 meM elorA kI yAtrA meM mujhe yaha jJAta huA ki vahA~ kucha anya guphAeM avazya haiM, jinameM saphAI ke kArya cala rahe haiN| adhikAMzata: guphAoM meM mahezamUrtiyAM hI haiN| naI dRSTi se vicAraNIya hogA ki elorA meM maheza sampradAya to vikasita nahIM ho rahA thA! 1994 meM punaH yAtrA karane para maineM pAyA ki elorA meM IsApUrva dUsarI zatI se pAMcavI sadI IsvI taka ke do hajAra sAla purAne eka prAcIna zahara ke avazeSa bhI haiN| AnandaprakAza zrIvAstava, elorA kI brAhmaNa deva pratimAe~ -ilAhAbAda 1988I0, pR0 2-3; elorA kI zaiva pratimAe~, naI dillI, 1993, pR0 1-10. elorA guphAoM ke paricaya sUcanA paTTa se uddhata / ke0 Ara0 zrInivAsana, Tempalsa Apha sAutha iDiyA, naI dillI, pR064. kumudagiri, jaina mahApurANa : eka kalAparaka adhyayana, vArANasI 1995I0, pR0 254. jI0 yAjadAnI, dakana kA prAcIna itihAsa, dillI 1966I0, pR0 603. AnandaprakAza zrIvAstava, elorA kI brAhmaNa deva pratimAeM, pR0 11.

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tapAgaccha vijayasaMvigna zAkhA kA itihAsa zivaprasAda tapAgaccha se samaya-samaya para astittva meM AyI vibhinna zAkhAoM meM vijaya saMvigna zAkhA kA Aja atyanta mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| AcArya vijayadeva sUri ke ziSya aura paTTadhara vijayasiMha sUri (jinakA apane guru kI vidyamAnatA meM hI nidhana ho gayA thA) ke ziSya satyavijaya gaNi ne gaccha meM vyApta zithilAcAra ko dUra karane ke liye kriyoddhAra kara saMvignamArga prazasta kiyaa| inakI ziSya santati vijayasaMvigna zAkhA ke nAma se jAnI gyii| isa zAkhA meM kapUravijaya gaNi, kSamAvijaya gaNi, prasiddha racanAkara jinavijaya gaNi, uttamavijaya gaNi, padmavijaya gaNi, rUpavijaya gaNi tathA vartamAna yuga meM AcArya AtmArAmajI mahArAja aparanAma vijayAnanda sUri, zAstravizArada AcArya vijayadharma sUri, itihAsamahodadhi AcArya vijayendra sUri, aneka mahattvapUrNa granthoM ke lekhaka muni jayantavijaya jI, muni vidyAvijayajI, muni caturavijaya jI, AgamaprabhAkara muni puNyavijaya jI, AcArya vijayavallabha sUri jI, AcArya vijayaprema sUri jI Adi aneka prabhAvazAlI aura vidvAn munijana ho cuke haiN| vijayasaMvigna zAkhA ke itihAsa ke adhyayana ke liye upalabdha sAkSyoM meM isa zAkhA ke munijanoM dvArA racita vibhinna kRtiyoM kI prazastiyoM tathA mukhyarUpa se eka paTTAvalI jo vartamAna yuga meM racI gayI pratIta hotI hai, kA ullekha kiyA jA sakatA hai| isa paTTAvalI kA hindI aura gujarAtI bhASA meM likhA gayA sAra prApta hotA hai| isake atirikta samagra jaina cAturmAsa sUcI se bhI isa sambandha meM mahattvapUrNa sUcanA prApta hotI hai| sAmprata Alekha meM ukta sabhI sAkSyoM vizeSakara ukta paTTAvalI ke AdhAra para tapAgaccha kI isa zAkhA ke itihAsa kI eka jhalaka prastuta karane kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| AcArya vijayadeva sUri ke praziSya aura vijayasiMha sUri ke ziSya satyavijaya gaNi ne gaccha meM vyApta zithilAcAra ko dUra karane ke liye vijayadeva sUri kI nizrA meM vi0 saM0 1711 mAgha sudi 13 guruvAra ko kriyoddhAra kara saMvijJamArga grahaNa kiyaa| vijayadeva sUri ke paTTadhara vijayaprabha sUri kI paramparA ke ziSyoM se apanI paramparA ke munijanoM kI alaga pahacAna banAne ke liye inhoMne unake liye pIle vastroM * pravaktA, pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI /

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 kA vidhAna kiyaa| 1756 meM pATaNa meM inakA nidhana huaa| kharataragacchIya muni jinaharSa ne inake Upara eka nirvANarAsa kI racanA kI hai| inake paTTadhara kapUravijaya hue| vi0 saM0 1704 meM inakA janma huA, vi0 saM0 1720 meM inhoMne dIkSA grahaNa kI aura vi0 saM0 1757 meM apane guru ke paTTadhara bne| supArzvanAtha jinAlaya, nAhaToM kI gavAr3a, bIkAnera meM saMrakSita candraprabha kI pratimA para utkIrNa vi0 saM0 1768 ke eka lekha meM pratimApratiSThApaka ke rUpa inakA nAma milatA hai| zrI agaracanda nAhaTA evaM zrI bha~varalAla nAhaTA ne isa lekha kI vAcanA dI hai, jo nimnAnusAra hai: ___ saM0 1768 vai0 su0 15 dine cA: agara zrIcandraprabha biMba kAritaM tapAgacche paM0 kapUravijayena pr0..............| kapUravijaya dvArA racita koI kRti nahIM miltii| vi0 saM0 1755 meM pATaNa meM inakA nidhana huaa| kapUravijaya ke eka ziSya buddhivijaya hue jinake dvArA racita upadezamAlAbAlAvabodha, caubIsI, jIvavicArastavana Adi kRtiyA~ milatI haiN| kavi sukhasAgara dvArA racita paM0 zrIvRddhivijayagaNinirvANabhAsa se inake bAre meM vistRta jAnakArI prApta hotI hai| kapUravijaya ke paTTadhara unake dvitIya ziSya kSamAvijaya hue| inake dvArA racita pArzvanAthastavana evaM zAsvatAzAsvatajinacaityavaMdana nAmaka kRtiyA~ prApta hotI haiN| vi0 saM0 1785 yA 1786 meM ahamadAbAda meM inakA svargavAsa huaa| kSamAvijaya ke paTTadhara jinavijaya gaNi hue| inakA janma vi0 saM0 1752 meM huA thaa| vi0 saM0 1770 meM kSamAvijaya se inhoMne dIkSA grahaNa kii| vi0 saM0 1786 meM ye guru ke paTTadhara bane aura 47 varSa kI alpAyu meM vi0 saM0 1799 meM pAdarA meM inakA nidhana ho gyaa'3| inake dvArA racita vibhinna kRtiyA~ milatI haiN| jo nimnAnusAra haiM: 1. RSabhastavana 2. padmaprabhastuti 3. zItalajinastavana 4. suvidhijinastavana 5. vimalajinastavana 6. arajinastavana 7. neminAthastavana 8. pArzvajinavInatI 9. pArzvajinastavana

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10. pArzvanAthastuti 11. zaMkhezvarapArzvanAthastotra 12. mahAvIrastavana 13. zatruMjayastavana 14. caturviMzatijina namaskAra 15. jinastavana caubIsI (racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1789 ) 16. ekaiva tathA dvitIyA stuti 17. aSTamIstuti 18. aSTamIcaityavandana stavana tapAgaccha vijayasaMvigna zAkhA kA itihAsa 19. ekAdazIcaityavandana stavana 20. kapUravijayagaNirAsa (racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1779 ) 21. jJAnapaMcamIstavana ( racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1783) 22. kSamAvijayagaNinirvANamahotsavarAsa (racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1786) 23. mauna ekAdazI sajjhAya (racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1795) 24. caityavandanabhASyanI stuti 25. paryuSaNastuti 26. siddhacakrastuti 27. ajIvasvAdhyAya 28. jIvabhedasajjhAya 29. drumapatrIyAdhyayanasajhAya 30. viharamAnajinabIsI 31. paMcamahAvrata bhAvanA sajjhAya kSamAvijaya ke dUsare ziSya jasavijaya hue| inake dvArA racita jinastavana caubIsI nAmaka kRti prApta hotI hai / yaha kRti vi0 saM0 1784 meM racI gayI hai| inake ziSya zubhavijaya hue, jinake dvArA racita na to koI kRti milatI hai aura na hI isa sambandha meM koI ullekha hI milatA hai| zubhavijaya ke tIna ziSyoM - dhIravijaya, bhANavijaya aura vIravijaya- kA ullekha milatA hai 16 / 19vIM zatI ke uttarArdha ke pramukha racanAkAra ke rUpa meM vIravijaya kI prasiddhi hai / inake dvArA racI gayI kRtiyAM nimnAnusAra haiM: 1. surasundarIrAsa - racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1857 2. aSTaprakArIpUjA - racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1858 3. neminAthavivAhalo racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1860 90 -

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 4. zubhaveli - racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1860 (isa kRti meM racanAkAra ne apane guru zubhavijaya kA jIvanavRttAMta varNita kiyA hai|) 5. sthUlibhadrajInI ziyalabela - racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1862 6. darzANabhadranI sajjhAya - racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1863 7. kuNikarAjagarbhiti vIrastavana - racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1864 8. trikacAturmAsa devavaMdanavidhi - racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1865 9. akSayanidhi tapa stavana - racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1871 10. causaTha prakArIpUjA - racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1874 11. pistAlIsaAgamagarbhita aSTaprakArIpUjA - vi0 saM0 1881 12. navANuMprakArI pUjA - racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1884 13. bAravratanIpUjA - racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1887 14. bhAyakhalA (muMbApurIsya) RSabhacaityastavana - racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1888 15. paMcakalyANakapUjA - racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1889 16. aMjanazalAkAstavana - racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1893 (aparanAma motIzAnAM DhAliyAM) 17. dhammilakumArarAsa - racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1896 18. hitAzikhAmaNasvAdhyAya - racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1898 19. candrazekhararAsa - racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1902 20. haThIsiMhanI aMjanazalAkAnA DhAliyAM-racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1903 21. siddhAcala giranArastavana - racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1905 22. saMghavaNa harakuMvarasiddhakSetrastavana- racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1908 23. neminAtharAjImatIrAsa 24. hitazikSAchatrIsI 25. chappanadikkumArIrAsa 26. praznottaracintAmaNi isake alAvA inake dvArA racita choTI-bar3I 83 stavanoM, sajjhAyoM, gahuMliyoM Adi kA bhI ullekha milatA hai181 vi0 saM0 1909 mAgha sudi6 somavAra ko inakA nidhana huaa| inake ziSya raMgavijaya hue, jinhoMne vi0 saM0 1911 caitra sudi 15 somavAra ko zrIvIravijayanirvANarAsa kI racanA kii| yaha kRti munijinavijayajI dvArA saMpAdita jainaaitihAsikagUrjarakAvyasaMcaya ke pRSTha 86-105 para prakAzita hai| isI grantha ke pRSTha 36-42 para unhoMne ukta rAsa kA sAra bhI prakAzita kiyA hai| vIravijaya ne apanI vibhinna kRtiyoM meM apanI lambI guru-paramparA dI hai| s

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tapAgaccha vijayasaMvigna zAkhA kA itihAsa surasandarIrAsa kI prazasti meM unhoMne jo gurvAvalI dI hai, vaha isa prakAra hai - hIravijayasUri vijayasenasUri vijayadevasUri satyavijaya gaNi kapUravijaya kSamAvijaya jasavijaya zubhavijaya vIravijaya (racanAkAra) jinavijaya gaNi ke nidhana ke pazcAt unake ziSya uttamavijaya paTTadhara bne| inakA janma vi0 saM0 1760 meM huA thA, vi0 saM0 1778 meM kharataragacchIya devacandra gaNi ke pAsa inhoMne vidyAdhyayana kiyA aura vi0 saM0 1796 meM jinavijaya gaNi se dIkSA grahaNa kii| vi0 saM0 1799 meM guru ke nidhana ke pazcAt unake paTTadhara bane aura vi0 saM0 1827 meM ahamadAbAda meM inakI mRtyu huii20| inake dvArA racita vibhinna kRtiyAM milatI haiM, jo isa prakAra haiM 1. jinavijayanirvANarAsa (racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1799) 2. saMyamazreNIgarbhita mahAvIrastavana (racanakAla vi0 saM0 1799) 3. mahAvIrastavana (racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1809) 4. aSTaprakArI pUjA ( racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1813-19) 5. zatrujayatIrthastavana ( vi0 saM0 1827) 6. zrAddhavidhivRttibAlAvabodha (vi0 saM0 1824) uttamavijaya gaNi ke nidhana ke pazcAt inake ziSya padmavijaya gaNi paTTadhara bane / vi0 saM0 1792 meM inakA janma huA thA, vi0 saM0 1805 meM inhoMne dIkSA

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zramaNa / janavarI-mArca 1999 grahaNa kii| vi0 saM0 1810 meM inheM paMDita pada prApta huA aura vi0 saM0 1862 meM ahamadAbAda meM inakA nidhana huaa| inhoMne bar3odarA rAjya meM vahAM ke zAsaka se amAri pAlana hetu AjJApatra jArI karAyA thaa| inake dvArA racita vibhinna kRtiyAM milatI haiM ? 1, jo isa prakAra haiM: 1. siddhadaMDikAstavana (vi0 saM0 1814 ) 2. caubIsajinakalyANakastavana (vi0 saM0 1836) 3. samarAdityakevalIrAsa (vi0 saM0 1842) 4. nemirAjImatIstavana (vi0 saM0 1836) 5. gautamakulakabAlavabodha (vi0 saM0 1846) 6. jayAnandakevalIcarita (vi0 saM0 1858) 7. madanadhanadevarAsa (vi0 saM0 1855) padmavijaya gaNi ke pazcAt unake ziSya rUpavijaya gaNi unake paTTadhara bane / inake vaiyaktika jIvana ke bAre meM koI jAnakArI nahIM miltii| inake dvArA racita kucha kRtiyAM prApta huI haiM 22, jo isa prakAra haiM: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 8. mahAvIrastavana 9. vIrajinastutigarbhitacaubIsadaNDakastavana 10. neminAtharAsa 11. uttamavijayarAsa 12. pArzvaprabhustuti 13. RSabhajinastavana 14. vIrajinastavana' 6. 7. padmavijayanirvANarAsa (vi0 saM0 1862) aMbaDarAsa (vi0 saM0 1880 ) pRthvIcandracaritra (vi0 saM0 1882 ) vimalamaMtrIrAsa (vi0 saM0 1900) snAnapUjA paMcakalyANakapUjA paMcajJAnapUjA vIrasthAnakapUjA AtmabodhasajjhAya 8. 9. 10. manaH stharIkaraNasajjhAya 11. nandIzvaradvIpapUjA 93

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tapAgaccha vijayasaMvigna zAkhA kA itihAsa 12. paiMtAlisaAgamapUjA 13. guNasenakevalIrAsa 14. dhyAnagItA 15. aSTapravacanamAtAsajjhAya 16. samavazaraNastavanaprakaraNastavaka 17. ANavikamunivarasvAdhyAya 18. jambUkumArasajjhAya 19. naMdiseNasajjhAya 20. rahanemirAjImatIsajjhAya 21. zAlibhadrasvAdhyAya vi0 saM0 1910 meM rUpavijaya gaNi ke nidhana ke pazcAt kIrtivijaya unake paTTadhara hue| 45 varSa kI Ayu meM inhoMne dIkSA grahaNa kii| inhoMne mAravAr3a, mevAr3a tathA gujarAta ke vibhinna bhAgoM meM vihAra kara dharmaprabhAvanA kii| tripuTI mahArAja ne inake 15 ziSyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| inake dvArA racita koI kRti nahIM miltii| kIrtivijaya ke nidhana ke pazcAt kastUravijaya gaNi ne vijayasaMvigna zAkhA kA nAyakatva grahaNa kiyaa| inake bAre meM koI vizeSa-jAnakArI nahIM miltii| tripuTI mahArAja ke anusAra vi0 saM0 1870 meM inhoMne dIkSA grahaNa kI aura bar3audA meM svargavAsI hue25| kastUravijaya gaNi tyAgI pravRtti ke muni the| inakI Arasa (saMgamaramara) kI eka pratimA koThArI pola, baDodarA sthita pArzvanAtha jinAlaya meM hai| dUsarI pratimA luhAra kI pola ahamadAbAda meM pratiSThApita26 hai| kastUravijaya ke paTTadhara maNivijaya hue / vi0 saM0 1852 meM inakA janma huA thaa| vi0 saM0 1877 meM inhoMne kIrtivijaya gaNi ke pAsa pAlI meM dIkSA grahaNa kii| vi0 saM0 1892 meM saubhAgyavijaya gaNi ne inheM paMnyAsa pada pradAna kiyaa| inakA ziSya parivAra vizAla thaa| inakI khyAti apane ziSya parivAra meM dAdA ke rUpa meM thii| dIkSA ke pazcAt AjIvana inhoMne dina meM eka samaya AhAra liyaa| ye ugravihArI bhI the / inhoMne kaccha, gujarAta, kAThiyAvAr3a, mevAr3a, zatrujaya, giranAra, sammetazikhara Adi kI yAtrA kii| inhoMne kucha mandiroM kA jIrNoddhAra karAyA aura jinapratimAoM kI pratiSThA bhI kii| vi0 saM0 1935 meM ahamadAbAda meM inakA nidhana huaa| inake ziSyoM ke rUpa meM muni amRtavijaya, padmavijaya, buddhivijaya, gulAbavijaya, hIravijaya, zubhavijaya, siddhivijaya Adi kA nAma milatA hai| inameM se buddhivijaya jI aparanAma bUTerAya jI aura unake gurubhrAtA

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 siddhivijaya jI kI ziSya santati Age clii| siddhivijaya jI kI paramparA ke vartamAna AcArya zrImadbhadraMkara vijaya jI haiN| inakI nizrA meM kula sAdhu-sAdhviyoM kI saMkhyA 411 hai| buddhivijayajI ke eka anya gurubhrAtA padmavijaya, jinakA Upara ullekha A cukA hai, ke ziSya premavijaya aura premavijaya ke ziSya evaM paTTadhara jitavijaya jI hue| inake bAre meM koI vizeSa vivaraNa nahIM miltaa| jitavijaya jI kI ziSya santati meM Age calakara kauna-kauna se munijana hue| inakI paramparA Age calI athavA nahIM! isa bAre meM sAkSyoM ke abhAva meM kucha bhI kaha pAnA kaThina hai| buddhivijaya jI aparanAma bUTerAya jI kI vizAla ziSyasantati meM tIna nAma ullekhanIya haiM, ye haiM- muktivijaya jI, vRddhivijaya jI aura AtmArAma jI aparanAma vijayAnaMda sUri jii| ina tInoM munijanoM kI ziSya santati Aja bhI vidyamAna hai| muktivijaya jI kA janma vi0 saM0 1886 meM huA thA, vi0 saM0 1902 meM inhoMne sthAnakavAsI sampradAya meM dIkSA lii| vi0 saM0 1912 meM ahamadAbAda meM inhoMne maNivijaya jI (dAdA) ke pAsa saMvegI zikSA grahaNa kii| ye bahuta anuzAsana priya the| inake samaya meM aneka sAdhu-sAdhviyoM kI dIkSAyeM huI aura sampradAya kA vistAra huaa| vi0 saM0 1945 mArgazIrSa vadi 6 ko bhAvanagara meM inakA nidhana huaa| muktivijaya jI ke paTTadhara vijayakamala sUri hue| vi0 saM0 1913 meM inakA janma huaa| vi0 saM0 1936 meM vRddhicanda jI ke pAsa inhoMne dIkSA grahaNa kI aura maktivijaya jI ke ziSya ghoSita kiye gaye / vi0 saM0 1947 meM inheM paMnyAsa pada aura vi0 saM0 1973 meM ahamadAbAda meM AcArya pada prApta huaa| vi0 saM0 1974 Azvina sudi 10 ko sUrata meM ye svargavAsI hue| vijayakamala sUri ke paTTadhara vijayakesara sUri hue / vi0 saM0 1933 meM pAlitAnA meM inakA janma huA thA, vi0 saM0 1950 meM bar3odarA meM vijayakamala sUri ke pAsa inhoMne dIkSA grahaNa kii| vi0 saM0 1963 meM gaNi pada aura vi0 saM0 1983 meM AcArya pada prApta kiyaa| vi0 saM0 1986 meM ahamadAbAda meM inakI mRtyu huii| ye yogavidyA ke abhyAsI the| inake dvArA racI gayI kucha kRtiyAM bhI milatI haiN32|| vijayakamala sUri ke eka ziSya vinayavijaya hue| pAlitAnA sthita gurukula ke sthApaka cAritravijaya jI inhIM ke ziSya the| cAritravijaya jI ke do ziSya darzanavijaya jI aura jJAnavijaya jI he| darzanavijaya jI ke ziSya nyAyavijaya jI hue| ye tInoM tripuTI mahArAja ke nAma se vikhyAta hue|3| inake dvArA likhI gayI kRtiyoM meM jainatIrthono itihAsa, jaina paramparAno itihAsa bhAga 1-4 Adi ullekhanIya haiN| vijayakamala sUri ke eka anya ziSya vijayamohana sUri hue| vijayamohana 0

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tapAgaccha vijayasaMvigna zAkhA kA itihAsa sUri ke ziSya vijayapratApa sUri aura vijayapratApa sUri ke ziSya vijayadharma sUri prabhAvaka jainAcArya the| prasiddha kalAmarmajJa vijayayazodeva sari inhIM ke ziSya aura vartamAna meM apane samudAya ke gacchanAyaka haiN| inakI nizrA meM Aja 224 sAdhu-sAdhvI haiM jo pazcimI bhArata ke vibhinna kSetroM meM vicaraNa kara rahe haiN| draSTavya : tAlikA -1 bUTerAya jI aparanAma buddhivijaya jI ke dUsare pramukha ziSya vRddhicandra jI aparanAma vRddhivijaya jI, jinakA Upara ullekha A cukA hai, kA janma vi0 saM0 1890 meM paMjAba prAnta meM huA thaa| vi0 saM0 1912 meM inhoMne saMvegIdIkSA grahaNa kI aura vi0 saM0 1949 meM bhAvanagara meM inakA dehAnta huaa|5| inake do ziSyoM vijayadharmasUri aura vijayanemisUri-jo atyanta prabhAvaka AcArya the, ke bAre meM vistRta jAnakArI prApta hotI hai| AcArya vijayadharmasUri 20vIM zatI ke prabhAvaka jainAcAryoM meM se eka the| inake dvArA racita vibhinna mahattvapUrNa kRtiyAM prApta hotI haiN36| inake 24 ziSyoM 37 kA ullekha milatA hai, jinake nAma nimnAnusAra haiM - 1. AcArya vijayendra sUri 13. akalaMkavijaya jI 2. upAdhyAya maMgalavijaya jI 14. jayantavijaya jI 3. paMnyAsa bhaktivijaya jI 15. devendravijaya jI 4. ratnavijaya jI 16. vizAlavijaya jI 5. amaravijaya jI 17. nidhAnavijaya jI 6. candravijaya jI 18. kaMcanavijaya jI 7. siMhavijaya jI 19. dharaNendravijaya jI 8. guNavijaya jI 20. camarendravijaya jI 9. vidyAvijaya jI 21. himAMzuvijaya jI 10. mahendravijaya jI 22. bhuvanavijaya jI 11. nyAyavijaya jI 23. amRtavijaya jI 12. mRgendravijaya jI 24. pUrNAnandavijaya jI kAzI ko apanA kendra banAkara inhoMne baMgAla aura bihAra ke aneka sthAnoM kI yAtrA kii| inake udAra evaM dharmabhAvapUrNa vyAkhyAna se na kevala jaina balki jainetara bhI bar3I saMkhyA meM inake prasaMzaka bana gye| inake dvArA sthApita yazovijaya jaina pAThazAlA se aneka vidvAn taiyAra hue aura yazovijaya jaina granthamAlA se aneka mahattvapUrNa grantha prakAzita hue jinakI yUropIya vidvAnoM ne bhI bar3I prasaMzA kI hai| vi0 saM0 1964 meM inheM kAzInareza mahArAja zrI prabhunArAyaNa siMha dvArA zAstravizArada

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 jainAcArya kI upAdhi pradAna kI gyii| vi0 saM0 1978 meM gvAliyara ke nikaTa zivapurI meM inakA nidhana huaa| vijayadharma sUri ke ziSya munirAja vidyAvijaya jI dvArA sampAdita prAcInalekhasaMgraha, sUrIzvara ane samrATa, aitihAsikarAsasaMgraha (bhAga 4) aura aitihAsikasajjhAyamAlA nAmaka grantha atyanta prAmANika haiN| zAntimUrti munirAja jayantavijaya jI ne vibhinna tIrthoM para prAmANika granthoM kI racanA kI hai| unake dvArA likhita aura sampAdita vibhinna kRtiyAM milatI haiN| AbU aura usake Asa-pAsa sthita vibhinna jaina tIrthoM kA unhoMne vistRta itihAsa likhA hai jo 5 bhAgoM meM prakAzita hai| inakA vivaraNa isa prakAra hai: 1. AbU 2. arbudaprAcInajainalekhasaMdoha 3. acalagar3ha 4. arbudAcalapradakSiNA 5. arbudAcalapradakSiNAjainalekhasaMdoha inake AjJAnuvartI vizAlavijaya jI dvArA saMpAdita rAdhanapurapratimAlekhasaMgraha, kumbhAriyA aparanAma ArAsaNAtIrtha Adi vizeSa prasiddha haiN| zve0 jainadharma ke vibhinna gacchoM, jJAtiyoM tathA tIrthoM ke itihAsa ke adhyayana kI dRSTi se ukta sabhI kRtiyA~ atyanta mahattvapUrNa evaM prAmANika haiN| buddhivijaya jI ke dUsare ziSya vijayanemi sUri kI paramparA ke munijanoM kA netRtva Aja AcArya vijayadevasUri jI kara rahe haiM jinakI nizrA meM vicaraNa kara rahe sAdhu-sAdhviyoM kI kula saMkhyA 601 hai| draSTavyaH tAlikA kramAMka-2 buddhivijaya jI ke tIsare prasiddha ziSya AtmArAma jI aparanAma vijayAnanda sUri jI hue| 19vIM -20vIM zatAbdI meM jaina dharma ke unnAyakoM meM inakA sthAna sarvopari hai| 19vIM zatAbdI ke madhya meM jahA~ paMjAba prAnta meM mUrtipUjaka jaina samAja kA koI nAma bhI lene vAlA na bacA thA, vahIM unhoMne apane udyoga se aneka sthAnoM para jinAlayoM kA nirmANa karAyA aura vahA~ mUrtipUjaka samudAya kA prabhutva sthApita kraayaa| inake dvArA aneka vidyAlayoM kA bhI sthAna-sthAna para nirmANa karAyA jAnA inake zikSA-prema ko prakaTa karatA hai| inake dvArA racita vibhinna kRtiyA~ prApta hotI hai| zikAgo ke vizvadharma sammelana meM jaina dharma ke pratinidhi ke rUpa meM inhoMne hI zrI vIracanda rAghava jI gAMdhI ko bhejA thaa| inake vizAla ziSya parivAra ke eka muni kAMtivijaya jI ke ziSya caturavijaya jI tathA praziSya AgamaprabhAkara munirAja puNyavijaya

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tapAgaccha vijayasaMvigna zAkhA kA itihAsa jI mahArAja hue| ina sabhI ke dvArA 20vIM zatAbdI meM kI gayI jaina sAhitya kI sevA se pUrA deza gauravAnvita hai| AtmArAma jI aparanAma vijayAnanda sUri ke paTTadhara svanAmadhanya AcArya vijayavallabha sUri hue|3| mAnava sevA tathA zikSA prasAra ke jisa kArya ko vijayAnanda sUri jI ne prArambha kiyA thA use Age bar3hAne meM vijayavallabha sUri kA mahAn yogadAna hai| inake paTTadhara vijayasamudra sUri hue| vartamAna meM isa samudAya kA netRtva AcArya vijayaindradinna sUrIzvara jI mahArAja kara rahe haiM jinakI nizrA meM 265sAdhu-sAdhvI hai| AtmArAma jI mahArAja ke eka anya ziSya upA0 vIravijaya hue / inake bAre meM vizeSa vivaraNa nahIM miltaa| inake paTTadhara vijayadAna sUri aura vijayadAna sUri ke paTTadhara vijayaprema sUri he45| vijayaprema sUri ke do ziSyoM vijayarAmacandra sUri aura vijaya vanabhAnucandra sUri se do alaga-alaga ziSya paramparAyeM calIM jinakA netRtva kramaza: vijayamahodaya sUri jI ma0 aura vijayajayaghoSa sari jI ma0 kara rahe haiN| vijayamahodaya sUri kI nizrA meM kula 955 sAdhu sAdhvI haiM jo saMkhyA, kI dRSTi se anya samudAyoM kI tulanA meM sarvAdhika hai46| vijayajayaghoSa sari kI nizrA meM rahane vAle sAdhu-sAdhviyoM kI saMkhyA 460 hai| ye sabhI gujarAta, mahArASTra aura rAjasthAna ke vibhinna bhAgoM meM mukhyatayA vicaraNa kara dharmaprabhAvanA ke kArya meM rata haiN| draSTavyaH tAlikA kramAMka-3 ukta tInoM tAlikAoM ke samAyojana se vijayasaMvigna zAkhA ke munijanoM ke guru-paramparA kI eka vistRta tAlikA kA punargaThana kiyA jA sakatA hai, jo isa prakAra tAlikAH tAlikA kramAMka - 4 vijayasaMvigna zAkhA meM Aja choTI-bar3I vibhinna upazAkhAyeM vidyamAna haiM aura ina sabhI kA nAmakaraNa upazAkhA ke pravartaka AcAryoM ke nAmoM ke AdhAra para hI huA hai| jaise vijayAnanda sUri jI kI paramparA meM hue vijayaprema sUri jI ke nAma para unakA ziSya samudAya vijayaprema sUri jI kA samudAya, isI paramparA meM hue vijayavallabha sari jI kI ziSya paramparA unhIM ke nAma para vijayavallabha sUri jI kA samudAya kahA jAtA hai| ye sabhI samudAya apane Apa meM pUrNa rUpeNa svataMtra haiM aura inake apane-apane alaga-alaga gacchanAyaka AcArya haiM jinakI AjJA meM usa samudAya ke anya AcArya, gaNi, upAdhyAya, pravartaka Adi rahate haiN| vartamAna samaya meM bhI isa gaccha meM vibhinna prabhAvazAlI aura vizvavizruta vidvAn haiM jo jaina dharma ko jIvanta evaM samunnata banAye rakhane meM apanA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna de rahe haiN|

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 saMdarbha Vidhatri Vora, Ed-Catalogue of Gujarati Ms.s: Muni Shree PunyaVijayaJis Collection. L.D. Siries No. 71, Ahmedabad 1978. A. D. mohanalAla dalIcanda desAI, jainagUrjarakavio, bhAga 5-6, dvitIya saMzodhita saMskaraNa, saMpA0- DaoN0 jayanta koThArI, mumbaI 1988-89 I0. ukta donoM granthoM ke vibhinna sthaloM para isa zAkhA ke munijanoM aura unakI kRtiyoM kA bhI vivaraNa diyA gayA hai| desAI, pUrvokta, bhAga9, dvitIya saMzodhita saMskaraNa, saMpA0, jayanta koThArI, mumbaI 1997 I0, pRSTha 108-113. kalyANavijaya gaNi, paTTAvalIparAgasaMgraha, jAlaura 1966 I0, pRSTha 228-29 desAI, pUrvokta, bhAga 9, pRSTha 108. tripuTI mahArAja, jaina paramparAno itihAsa, bhAga 4, bhAvanagara 1983 I0,pRSTha 367. vahI, pRSTha 368. / 5-6-7. desAI, pUrvAkta, bhAga 9, pRSTha 108. agaracanda bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA, saMpA0, bIkAnerajainalekhasaMgraha, kalakattA 1955 I0, lekhAMka 1770. tripuTI mahArAja, pUrvokta, bhAga4, pRSTha 375. desAI, pUrvokta, bhAga 5, pRSTha 276-77. vijayadharma sUri, saMpA0-aitihAsikarAsasaMgraha, bhAga3, bhAvanagara vi0 saM0 1978, pR0 49-56, saMkSiptasAra, pRSTha 36-43. tripuTI mahArAja tathA kucha anya vidvAnoM ne isI zAkhA meM hue vRddhivijaya nAmaka eka anya racanAkAra kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai aura inheM kapUravijaya kA ziSya batAyA hai| satyavijaya gaNi ke ziSya vRddhivijaya tathA unake ziSya evaM paTTadhara kapUravijaya ke ziSya vRddhivijaya vastuta: eka hI vyakti the| satyavijaya gaNi ne vRddhivijaya ko dIkSA dekara kapUravijaya kA ziSya ghoSita kiyA thA, isIlie vRddhivijaya ne apanI racanAoM meM kahIM svayaM ko satyavijaya gaNi kA aura kahIM kapUravijaya kA ziSya kahA hai| isIlie ukta bhrama utpanna huA hai| tripuTI mahArAja, pUrvokta, bhAga 4, pRSTha 374-75. zItikaMTha mizra, hindI jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa-maru-gUrjara, bhAga-3, pArzvanAtha vidyApITha granthamAlA, granthAMka 91, vArANasI 1997 I0 sa0, pRSTha 518-519. xs v oi a 2806338433333399333333333333333 23888833333923633 8888888888888888888888 8 8830

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FALLIMINE 19. 21. 24. 25. 26. 27. tapAgaccha vijayasaMvigna zAkhA kA itihAsa tripuTI mahArAja, pUrvokta, bhAga 4, pRSTha 378. 12-13. desAI, pUrvokta, bhAga 9, pRSTha 108. desAI, pUrvokta, bhAga 5, pRSTha 304-308. Vora, Ibid, P. 171-75, 375,617,707. 15. tripuTI mahArAja, pUrvokta, bhAga 4, pRSTha 379. 16. vahI, pRSTha 379 17-18. desAI, pUrvokta, bhAga 6, pRSTha 222-256. vahI, pRSTha- 224-225. vahI, bhAga 6, pRSTha 2-7. Vora, Ibid, P.46, 136,536, 818, 824. desAI, pUrvokta, bhAga 6, pRSTha 4-7-62. Vora, Ibid, P. 217-221,636. 22-23. desAI, pUrvokta, bhAga 4, pRSTha 109. tripuTI mahArAja, pUrvokta, bhAga4, pRSTha 422. vahI, pRSTha-424. vahI, pRSTha 424. desAI, pUrvokta, bhAga 9, pRSTha 109-110. tripuTI mahArAja, pUrvokta, bhAga4, pRSTha 225-228. desAI, pUrvokta, bhAga-9, pRSTha 110. 28. bAbUlAla jaina, 'ujjavala', saMpA0-samagra jaina cAturmAsa sUcI, varSa 1997 I0, pRSTha 101. tripuTI mahArAja, pUrvokta, bhAga4, pRSTha 427. 30-32. desAI, pUrvokta, bhAga9, pRSTha 110-111. 33. vahI, pRSTha 111. 34. bAbUlAla jaina 'ujjavala', pUrvokta, pRSTha- 75. 35. desAI, pUrvokta, bhAga 9, pRSTha 111. 36-37. raghunAtha prasAda siMghAniyA, vijayadharmasUri jIvana rekhA, yazovijaya jaina granthamAlA, bhAvanagara 1940 I0, pariziSTa, pRSTha 4-6. vahI, pRSTha 29-31. vahI, pRSTha 53-54. 40. bAbUlAla jaina 'ujjavala', pUrvokta, pRSTha 25-32. 41-43. muni navInacandravijaya tathA anya, saMpA0 vijayAnandasUri svargArohaNa zatAbdI smRtigrantha, pAvAgar3ha, paMcamahAla 1996 I0, hindI khaNDa ke vibhinna lekha. 44. bAbUlAla jaina 'ujjavala', pUrvokta, pRSTha 51-57. 45-46. vahI, pRSTha 1-13. vahI, pRSTha 15-23. 100 29. 38. 39. 47. SAMMONSOORAMAges 88888888

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tAlikA -1 maNivijayajI (dAdA) amRtavijaya jI padmavijaya jI gulAbavijaya jI hIravijaya jI zubhavijaya jI siddhivijaya baddhivijaya jI aparanAma bUTerAyajI zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 premavijaya jI muktivijaya jI buddhivijaya jI AtmArAma jI aparanAma | vijayAnanda sUri jI jitavijaya jI vijayakamala sUri muni vinayavijaya vijayamohana sUri vijayakesara sUri cAritravijaya vijayapratApa sUri darzanavijaya jJAnavijaya vijayadharma sUri / nyAyavijaya vijayayazodeva sari vijayahemacandra sari AcArya bhadraMkaravijaya

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tAlikA-2 bUTerAya jI aparanAma buddhivijaya jI vRddhivijaya jI AcArya vijayadharma sUri vijayanemi sUri AcArya vijayendra sUri muni vidyAvijaya jI (aitihAsikarAsamAlA, bhAga 4, sUrIzvaraane samrATa, prAcInalekhasaMgraha Adi kaI granthoM ke lekhaka va saMpAdaka) muni jayantavijaya jI Adi 24 ziSya, AbU, bhAga 1-5, tathA aneka jaina tIrthoM para atyanta prAmANika granthoM ke kartA tapAgaccha vijayasaMvigna zAkhA kA itihAsa AcArya vijayadeva sUri (vartamAna gacchAdhipati)

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tAlikA - 3 pravartaka kAtivijayajI muni caturavijaya jI ( aneka granthoM ke lekhaka va sampAdaka AgamaprabhAkara muni puNyavijayajI (jaisalamera, khaMbhAta Adi ke jJAna bhaNDAroM ke uddhAraka, vibhinna mahattvapUrNa granthoM ke sampAdaka evaM saMzodhaka) 1 bUTerAmajI aparanAma buddhivijaya jI AtmArAma jI aparanAma vijayAnandasUri lakSmIvijayasUri harSavijayajI vijayavallabhasUri vijayasamudrasUri upA0 vIravijaya vijayadAnaM sUri vijayaprema sUri vijayarAmacandra sUri vijayaindradinasUri vijayamahodaya sUri (vartamAna gacchAdhipati) (vartamAna gacchAdhipati) vijayabhuvanabhAnu sUri vijayajayaghoSa sUri (vartamAna gacchAdhipati) zramaNa/janavarI-mArca 1999

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tAlikA - 4 tapAgaccha vijayasaMvigna zAkhA kA itihAsa (sAhityika aura abhilekhIya sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para nirmita tapAgacchavijayasaMvignazAkhA ke munijanoM ke guru-paramparA kI tAlikA) (jagaccandra sUri) vi0 saM0 1285 meM tapAgaccha ke pravartaka (devendra sUri) (dharmaghoSa sUri) (somaprabha sUri) (somatilaka sUri) (devasundara sUri) (somasundara sUri) (munisundara sUri) (ratnazekhara sUri) (lakSmIsAgara sUri) (sumatisAdhu sUri) (hemavimala sUri) (Anandavimala sUri) (vijayadAna sUri) (hIravijaya sUri) (vijayasena sUri) (vijayadeva sUri) (vijayasiMha sUri) satyavijaya gaNi (vi0 saM0 1710 meM vijayasaMvignazAkhA ke pravartaka, vi0 saM0 1756 meM svargastha) kapUravijaya (vi0 saM0 1757 meM saMghanAyaka, vi0 saM0 1775 meM svargastha)

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kapUra kSamAvijaya (pArzvanAthastavana ke racanAkAra; vi0 saM0 1786-87 meM svargastha) vRddhivijaya (upadezamAlAbAlAvabodha, caubIsI, jIvavicArastavana Adi ke racanAkAra) jasavijaya (jinastavanacaubIsI ke racanAkAra) zubhavijaya jinavijaya gaNi (aneka racanAyeM upalabdha; vi0 saM0 1799 meM svargastha) uttamavijaya (vibhitra racanAyeM upalabdha; vi0 saM0 1827 meM svargastha) padmavijaya (prasiddharacanAkara; vi0 saM0 1862 meM svargastha) zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 dhIravijaya bhANavijaya bhANavijaya vIravijaya (prasiddha granthakAra, aneka kRtiyA~ upalabdha) raMgavijaya (vi0 saM0 1911 meM vIravijayanirvANarAsa ke racanAkAra) rUpavijaya (kaI racanAyeM prApta, vi0 saM0 1910 meM svargastha) kIrtivijaya kastUravijaya maNivijaya 'dAdA' (vi0 saM0 1935 meM svargastha) hIravijaya zubhavijaya siddhivijaya amRtavijaya pavijaya . .gulAbavijaya . jyotiSa evaM Agama ke viziSTa jJAtA buddhivijaya (bUTerAya jI) [ premavijaya muktivijaya vRddhivijaya / / vijayAnaMda sUri lakSmIvijaya (AtmArAma jI) (vibhinna racanAyeM upalabdha) vijayanemisUri jitavijaya kamalavijaya vijayadharmasUri

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vinayavijaya cAritravijaya (pAlitAnA meM gurukula sthApaka ke nyAyavijaya vijayakamalasUri darzanavijaya jJAnavijaya V ( tripuTI mahArAja) vijayamohana sUri vijayakezarasUri vijayadharmasUri vijayanemisUri vijayendrasUri (prasiddha itihAsa vettA ) pratApavijaya 1 vijayadharma I vijayayazodevasUri vijayahemaprabha sUri (vizvavikhyAta kalAmarmajJa, vijayamohanasUri ke samudAya ke vartamAna saMghapati) jayantavijaya Adi 24 ziSya (vijayakesarasUrijI ke samudAya vartamAna saMghanAyaka) kAMtivajaya vijayavallabhasUri caturavijayajI vijayasamudrasUri puNyavijayajI (AgamaprabhAkara) vijayadevasUri (vijayanemisUri ke vartamAna saMghanAyaka ) samudAya vijayAnandasUri upA0 vIravijaya (vijayavallabhasUri ke samudAya ke vartamAna saMghanAyaka) vijayaMdAnasUri vijayapremasUri vijayarAmacandrasUri vijayabhuvanabhAnusUri vijayaindradinasUri vijayamahodayasUri vijayajayaghoSasUri zrI | bha (vijayapremasUri (vijayapremasUriM ka samudAya - 1 ke samudAya - 2 ke vartamAna saMghanAyaka) vartamAna saMghanAyaka) ra (vijayasiddhisUri jI ko samudAya raM eka) tapAgaccha vijayasaMvigna zAkhA kA itihAsa

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nAgapurIyatapAgaccha kA itihAsa zivaprasAda nimrantha paramparA ke zvetAmbara sampradAya meM pUrvamadhyakAla aura madhyakAla meM udbhUta vibhinna gacchoM meM nAgapurIyatapAgaccha (nAgaurI tapAgaccha) bhI eka hai| jaisA ki isake abhidhAna se spaSTa hotA hai ki yaha gaccha tapAgaccha kI eka zAkhA ke rUpa meM astittva meM AyA hogA, kintu isa gaccha kI svayaM kI mAnyatAnusAra bRhadgacchIya AcArya vAdidevasUri ne apane caubIsa ziSyoM ko eka sAtha AcArya pada pradAna kiyA, jinameM padmaprabhasUri bhI eka the| padmaprabhasUri dvArA nAgaura meM ugra tapa karane ke kAraNa vahAM ke zAsaka ne prasanna hokara unheM nAgaurItapA virud pradAna kiyaa| isa prakAra unake nAma ke sAtha nAgaurItapA zabda jur3a gayA aura unakI ziSya santati nAgapurIyatapAgacchIya khlaayii| isI gaccha se Age cala kara 16vIM zatAbdI meM pArzvacandragaccha astitva meM AyA aura Aja bhI usa gaccha ke anuyAyI zramaNa-zramaNI vidyamAna haiN| nAgapurIyatapAgaccha se sambaddha grantha prazastiyoM evaM paTTAvaliyoM meM yadyapi ise vi0 saM0 1174/I0 san 1118 meM bRhadgaccha se udbhata batalAyA gayA hai, kintu isa gaccha se sambaddha upalabdha sAhityika aura abhilekhIya sAkSya vikrama samvat kI 16 vI 17 vIM zatAbdI se pUrva ke nahIM haiN| nAgapurIyatapAgaccha kA ullekha karane vAlA sarvaprathama sAkSya hai vi0 saM0 1551/I0 sa01495 meM pratiSThApita zItalanAtha kI pratimA para utkIrNa lekh| mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara ne isa lekha kI vAcanA dI hai| jo isa prakAra hai saM0 1551 va0 mA0 2 some u0 jJA0 sonIgotre sAM0 cAMpA bhA0 cAMpalade pu0 hayA rAmA hRdA pitRni0 A0 zre0 zrI zItalanAtha biM0 kAri0 prati0 nAgarI (nAgapurIya) tapAga0 bha0 somrtnsuuribhiH||| pratiSThA sthAna - RSabhadeva jinAlaya, mAlapurA AdinAtha jinAlaya, nAgaura meM eka zilApaTTa para utkIrNa vi0 saM0 1596 kA eka khaMDita abhilekha prApta huA hai| isa abhilekha meM rAjaratnasUri aura unake ziSya ratnakIrtisari kA nAma milatA hai| lekha kA mUlapATha isa prakAra hai: ||AUM|| svAstizrIsaMvat 1596 varSe phAlguna mAse zuklapakSe navamI tithau somavAre nAgapurakoTe zrImAlavaMze saMkiyApya (?) gotre saM0 nolhA pu0 saM0 cUhar3a saM0 lakSmIdAsa saM0 bhavAnI saM0 lakSmIdAsa bhAryA saM0 sarUpade nAmnI hai............ .................zrIrAjaratnasUripaTTe saM0 zrIratnakIrtisUri pratiSThitA / / .............................................. / * pravaktA, pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI /

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 zilApaTTa prazasti, AdinAtha jinAlaya, hIrAvAr3I, nAgaura ukta abhilekha se rAjaratnasUri aura unake ziSya ratnakIrtisUri kisa gaccha ke the, isa bAre meM koI sUcanA prApta nahIM hotI kintu ukta jinAlaya meM hI mUlanAyaka ke rUpa meM sthApita AdinAtha kI pratimA para utkIrNa lekha se isa sambandha meM vistRta jAnakArI prApta hotI hai| mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara jI ne isa lekha kA mUlapATha diyA hai', jo nimnAnusAra hai: ||AUM|| saM0 1596 varSe phAlguna sudi navamyAM tithau.. .......................gotre .............................saM0 nolhA pu0 saM0 tejA pu0 saM0 cUhaDa bhA0 saM0 ramAi pu saM0 lakSmIdAsa saM0 lakSmIdAsa bhA0.... ...............kalyANamalla tatra lakSmIdAsa bhAryA sarUpadevyau karmanirjarArthaM zrI AdinAtha biMba kAritaM pratiSThitaM. ..............bhaTTAraka zrIsomaratnasUripaTTe bhaTTArika zrI zrIrAjaratnasUrayastatpaTTe shriirtnkiirtisuuri...............................shriisNghsy| mUlanAyaka kI pratimA para utkIrNa lekha, AdinAtha jinAlaya, hIrAvAr3I, nAgaura / isa abhilekha meM ratnakIrtisUri kA pratimApratiSThApaka ke rUpa meM ullekha milane ke sAtha-sAtha unake guru rAjaratnasUri aura. praguru somaratnasUri kA bhI nAma milatA hai: somaratnasUri rAjaratnasUri ratnakIrtisUri (vi0 saM0 1596 meM AdinAtha kI pratimA ke pratiSThApaka) jaisA ki Upara hama dekha cuke haiM nAgapurIyatapAgacchIya somaratnasUri kA vi0 saM0 1551 ke eka lekha meM pratimA pratiSThApaka ke rUpa meM ullekha milatA hai| ata: inheM samasAmayikatA aura nAmasAmya ke AdhAra para ratnakIrti ke praguru aura rAjaratnasUri ke guru somaratnasUri se abhinna mAnA jA sakatA hai| isa gaccha kA ullekha karane vAlA aMtima abhilekhIya sAkSya vi0 saM0 1667 kA hai| isa lekha kA mUlapATha bhI hameM vinayasAgara jI dvArA hI prApta hotA hai|

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/ nAgapurIyatapAgaccha kA itihAsa jo isa prakAra hai: samvat 1667 phAlaguna kRSNA 6 gurau................usavAlajJAtIya dUgar3agotre sA0 sAliga putra sAha rAjapAla putra sA0 khImAkena bhAryA kuzalade putra giridhara sA0 mAnasiMghayutena zrI zreyAsanAthabiMba kAritaM pratiSThitaM zrInAgaurItapAgacche zrIcandrakIrtisUri paTTe zrIsomakIrtisUripaTTe zrIdevakIrtisUri zrIamara ............... pratiSThitaM nAgaurI tapAgaccha zrI AgarAnagare mAnasiMghena lipIkRtaM / / mUlanAyaka kI pratimA para utkIrNa lekha zreyAMsanAtha jinAlaya, hiMDona isa prakAra isa abhilekha meM nAgapurIyatapAgaccha ke cAra munijanoM ke nAma mila jAte haiM, jo isa prakAra haiM: candrakIrtisUri somakIrti - devakIrti amara (kIrti) vi0 saM0 1596 ke pratimA lekha meM ullikhita ratnakIrtisUri aura vi0 saM0 1667 ke ukta pratimAlekha meM ullikhita candrakIrti ke bIca kisa prakAra kA sambandha thA, yaha bAta ukta pratimAlekha se jJAta nahIM hotA hai| nAgapurIyatapAgaccha se sambaddha yahI cAra abhilekhIya sAkSya Aja Aja milate haiM, kintu isa gaccha ke itihAsa ke adhyayana kI dRSTi se ye atyanta mahattvapUrNa nAgapurIyatapAgaccha se sambaddha sAhityika sAkSya nAgapurIyatapAgaccha kA ullekha karane vAlA sarvaprathama sAhityika sAkSya hai isa gaccha ke AcArya candrakIrtisUri dvArA vi0 saM0 1623/I0 sa0 1567 meM racita sArasvatavyAkaraNadIpikA kI prazAsti', jisameM racanAkAra ne apanI guruparamparA kI lambI gurvAvalI dI hai, jo isa gaccha ke itihAsa ke adhyayana kI dRSTi se atimUlyavAna hai| gurvAvalI isa prakAra hai:

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mAtA. zramaNA janavarga-mArca : 1529 vAdidevasRri padAprabhasari prasannacandramari guNasamudrasRri jayazekharasari vajrasenasuri hematilakasRri ratnazekharasRri pUrNacandrasUri prema (hema) haMsasRri ratnasAgarasRri hemasamudrasRri hemaratnasRri somaratnasari rAjaratnasuri candrakIrtisari (sArasvatavyAkaraNadIpikA kI prathamAdarzapratike lekhaka) harSakIrti ssssssssiasakasat: :09302230 028090

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nAgapurIyatapAgaccha kA itihAsa candrakIrtimRri dvArA racita dhAtupAThavivaraNa, chandakozaTIkA Adi kaI kRtiyAM prApta hotI hai| isI prakAra inake ziSya harSakIrti bhI apane samaya ke prasiddha racanAkAra / inake dvArA racita sArasvatavyAkaraNa dhAtupATha (racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1663 / I0 sa01607), yogacintAmaNi aparanAma vaidyakasAroddhAra, zAradIyanAmamAlA, ajiyasaMtithava ( ajitazAMtistava), uvarasaggaharathotta (upasargaharastotra), dhAtupATha, navakAramaMtra, (namaskAramaMtra), bRhacchAMtithava (bRhad zAntistava), laghuzAntistotra, sindUraprakara Adi vibhinna kRtiyAM prApta hotI haiN| gopAlabhaTTa dvArA racita sArasvatavyAkaraNa para vRtti ke racanAkAra bhAvacandra bhI nAgapurIyatapAgaccha ke the| apanI ukta kRti kI prazasti" meM inhoMne apane paramparA kA ullekha kiyA hai, jo isa prakAra haiM: guru candrakIrtisUri padmacandra bhAvacandra (sArasvatavyAkaraNa vRtti aparanAma gopAlaTIkA ke racanAkara) Upara sArasvatavyAkaraNadIpikA kI prazasti meM hama dekha cuke haiM ki kinhI padmacandra kI prArthanA para ukta kRti kI racanA kI gayI thii| isase yaha pratIta hotA hai ki muni padmacandra kA racanAkAra se avazya hI nikaTa sambandha rahA hogaa| Upara hama gopAlaTIkA kI prazasti meM dekha rahe haiM ki TIkAkAra bhAvacandra ne padmacandra ko candrakIrtisUri kA ziSya aura apanA guru batalAyA hai| isa prakAra sArasvatavyAkaraNa dIpikA kI prathamAdarzaprati ke lekhaka harSakIrti aura ukta kRti kI racanA hetu AcArya candrakIrti ko prerita karane vAle padmacandra paraspara gurubhrAtA siddha hote haiN| candrakIrtisUri (vi0 saM0 1623 meM sArasvatavyAkaraNadIpikA ke racanAkAra) padmacandra (sArasvatavyAkaraNadIpikA kI racanA ke lie prArthanA karane vAle) bhAvacandra (sArasvatavyAkaraNavRtti aparanAma gopAlaTIkA ke racanAkAra) 111 harSakIrti (sArasvatavyAkaraNa dIpikA ko prathamAdarza prati lekhaka)

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca 1999 harSakIrti dvArA racita kalyANamaMdirastotraTIkA nAmaka eka anya kRti bhI prApta hotI hai, jisakA saMzodhana unake ziSya mahopAdhyAya devasundara ne kiyaa| isI prakAra inake eka ziSya zivarAja ne apane guru dvArA racita bRhadzAMtistava kI vi0 saM0 1676 meM pratilipi kI vi0 saM0 1656 meM likhI gayI sirivAlacariya (zrIpAlacaritra) kI pratilekhana prazasti 14 meM bhI isa gaccha ke kucha munijanoM ke nAma jJAta hote haiM, jo isa prakAra haiM ukta choTI-choTI prazastiyoM ke AdhAra para isa gaccha ke munijanoM kI eka tAlikA nirmita kI jA sakatI hai, jo isa prakAra hai: candrakIrtisUri (sArasvatavyAkaraNajadIpikA ke racanAkAra ) mAnakIrti (kalyANamaMdirastotraTIkA evaM anya kRtiyoM ke kartA amarakIrti candrakIrtisUri 1 mAnakIrti amarakIrti munidharma ( vi0 saM0 1657 / I0 sa0 1601 meM sirivAlacariya ke pratilipikAra) munidharma ( vi0 sa0 1657 / I0 sa0 1601 meM zrIpAlacarita ke pratilipikAra) harSakIrti zivarAja bhAvacandra maho0 devasundara (kalyANamaMdirastotraTIkA (sArasvatavyAkaraNadIpikA (gopAlaTIkA ke racanAkAra) ke saMzodhaka) kI racanA ke preSaka) padmacandra (sArasvatavyA karaNadIpikA kI racanA ke preSaka) 112

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nAgapurIyatapAgaccha kA itihAsa sArasvatavyAkaraNadIpikA kI prazasti meM ullikhita racanAkAra candrakIrti ke guru rAjaratnasUra aura praguru somaratnasUri samasAmayikatA, nAmasAmya, gacchasAmya Adi ko dekhate hue abhilekhIya sAkSyoM meM ullikhita rAjaratnasUri aura unake guru somaratnasUra se abhinna mAne jA sakate haiN| isa AdhAra para candrakIrtisUri aura ratnakIrtisUri-somaratnasUri ke praziSya, rAjaratnasUri ke ziSya aura paraspara gurubhrAtA siddha hote haiN| isa prakAra isa gaccha ke munijanoM kA jo vaMzavRkSa banatA hai, vaha isa prakAra hai: candrakIrtisUri (vi0 saM0 1623 meM sArasvatavyAkaraNadIpikA ke kartA prasiddha racanAkAra) mAnakIrtisUri amarakIrtisUri maho0 devasundara somaratnasUra (vi0 saM0 1551) pratimAlekha (nAgapurIyatapAgaccha kA ullekha karanevAlA sarvaprathama sAkSya ) harSakIrti (sArasvatavyAkaraNadIpikA kI prathamAdarza prati ke lekhaka ) munidharma (vi0 saM0 1657 meM gopAlaTIkA ke pratilipikAra) rAjaratnasuri zivarAja ratnakIrtisUri (vi0 saM0 1596) pratimAlekha padmacandra ( isakI prArthanA para sArasvatavyAkaraNadIpikA kI racanA huI) bhAvacandra (gopAlaTIkA ke kartA) cUMki nAgapurIyatapAgaccha kA vi0 saM0 1551 se pUrva kahIM bhI koI 113

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/ 1999 ullekha nahIM milatA, ata: candrakIrtisUri dvArA racita sArasvatavyAkaraNadIpikA kI prazastigata gurvAvalI meM AcArya somaratnasUri se pUrvavartI hemaratnasUri, hemasamudrasUri, hemahaMsasUri, pUrNacandrasUri Adi jina munijanoM kA ullekha milatA hai, unheM kisa gaccha se sambaddha mAnA jAye, yaha samasyA sAmane AtI hai| isa sambandha meM hameM anyatra prayAsa karanA hogaa| tapAgacchIya abhilekhIya sAkSyoM meM hameM hemaratnasUri (vi0 saM0 1533), hemaratnasUri ke guru hemasamudrasUri (vi0 saM0 1517-28) aura hemasamudrasUri ke guru tathA pUrNacandra sUri ke ziSya hemahaMsasUri ( vi0 saM0 1453-1513) kA ullekha prApta hotA hai| inakA vivaraNa isa prakAra hai: tapAgacchIya AcArya pUrNacandrasUri ke paTTadhara hemahaMsasUri dvArA pratiSThApita jinapratimAoM para utkIrNa lekhoM kA vivaraNa - |-ro >> >> >> kramAMka saMvat mAha tithi dina saMdarbhagrantha 1453 ........... sudi |jainalekhasaMgraha, bhAga2, lekhAkaM 1489 1465 mAgha vadi 13 bIkAnerajainalekhasaMgraha, lekhAMka 619 / 1466 caitra sudi 13 / jainalekhasaMgraha, bhAga2, lekhAMka 1917 1469 kArtika sudi 15 | bIkAnerajainalekhasaMgraha, lekhAMka, 641] 1475 mArgasira vadi 4 jainalekhasaMgraha, bhAga 2, lekhAMka 1240 1485 mAgha vadi 14 budhavAra bIkAnerajainalekhasaMgraha, lekhAMka 1314 1485 .......... vadi5 | vahI, lekhAMka 729 1490 phAlguna sudi 9 jainalekhasaMgraha, bhAga 2, lekhAMka 1329/ 1496 vaizAkha sudi 12 / vahI, bhAgara, lekhAMka 1481 1498 phAlguna vadi 10 vahI, bhAga 2, lekhAMka 1367 1501.....vadi 6 budhavAra / | vahI, bhAga2, lekhAMka 1482 1503 jyeSTha sudi 11 zukravAra | bIkAnerajainalekhasaMgraha, lekhAMka 865/ 1503 ,, , vahI, lekhAMka 1433 1503 mArgazIrSa vadi 10 | vahI, lekhAMka 1512 1504 phAlguna vadi 11 jainalekhasaMgraha, bhAga 2, lekhAMka 1147 1510 caitra vadi 4 zanivAra | vahI, bhAga2, lekhAMka 1152 1511 mAgha vadi 9 vahI, bhAga 2, lekhAMka 1401 | 1513 pauSa sudi 8 vahI, bhAga2, lekhAMka 1089 MM

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19. 1513 20. 1513 3. 4. 5. 6. 1. 2. 3. 32 "" hemahaMsasUri ke paTTadhara hemasamudrasUri dvArA pratiSThApita jinapratimAoM para utkIrNa lekhoM kA vivaraNa kramAMka saMvat mAha tithi dina | saMdarbha grantha 1. pratiSThAlekhasaMgraha, lekhAMka 569 vahI, lekhAMka 573 bIkAnerajainalekhasaMgraha, lekhAMka 1226 27 isa prakAra hai "" nAgapurIyatapAgaccha kA itihAsa vahI, bhAga2, lekhAMka 1266 vahI, bhAga 2, lekhAMka 1374 1517 mArgazIrSa sudi 2 zanivAra 1517 mAgha sudi 10 somavAra 1518 mAgha sudi 2 zanivAra 1521 vaizAkha sudi 13 somavAra vahI, lekhAMka 1293 1421 mAgha sudi 12 budhavAra jainalekhasaMgraha, bhAgara, lekhAMka 443 1528 vaizAkha vadi 6 somavAra bIkAnerajainalekhasaMgraha lekhAMka 1249 hemasamudrasUri ke paTTadhara hemaratnasUri dvArA pratiSThApita jinapratimAoM para utkIrNa lekhoM kA vivaraNa 1533 mAgha sudi 6 1533,, 1537 mArgazIrSa sudi 12 vaha ukta abhilekhIya sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para jo paTTakrama nizcita hotA hai, pratiSThAlekhasaMgraha, lekhAMka 764 bIkAnera jainalekhasaMgraha, lekhAMka 1191 jainalekhasaMgraha, bhAga-1, lekhAMka 353 115 pUrNacandrasUri hemahaMsasUri (vi0 saM0 1453-1513) | hemasamudrasUri (vi0 saM0 1517 -1528) hemararatnasUri (vi0 saM0 1533-1537) isa prakAra tapAgacchIya abhilekhIya sAkSyoM meM na kevala ukta munijanoM ke nAma milate haiM, balki unakA paTTakrama bhI ThIka usI prakAra kA hai jaisA ki candrakIrtisUri dvArA racita sArasvatavyAkaraNadIpikA kI prazasti meM hama dekha cuke haiN| sArasvatavyAkaraNadIpikA kI prazasti meM pUrNacandrasUri ke guru kA nAma

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca / 1999 ratnazekharasUri aura praguru kA nAma hematilakasUri diyA gayA hai| ratnazekharasUri dvArA racita sirivAlacariya (zrIpAlacaritra) racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1428 / I0 sa0 1372; laghukSetrasamAsa svopajJavRtti, guruguNadvAtriMzikA, chaMdakoza, sambodhasattarIsaTIka, laghukSetrasamAsasaTIka Adi vibhinna kRtiyAM prApta hotI haiN| sirivAlacariya kI prazasti meM unhoMne apane guru, praguru, ziSya tathA racanAkAla Adi kA nirdeza kiyA hai, jo isa prakAra hai: sirivajjaseNagaNahara - paTTappaha hematilayasUrINaM / sIsehiM rayaNasehara, -sUrIhiM imA hu saMkaliyA // 1340 / / tassIsahemacaMdeNa, sAhuNA vikkamassavarasaMmi / caudasaaTThAvIse, lihiyA gurubhattikalieNaM // 1341 // vajrasenasUri hematilakasUri ratnazekharasUri hemacandra yaha ullekhanIya hai ki ratnazekharasUri ne ukta prazasti meM apane gaccha kA nirdeza nahIM kiyA hai| yahI bAta unake dvArA racita anya kRtiyoM ke sambandha meM bhI kahI jA sakatI hai| vi0 saM0 1422 ke eka pratimAlekha meM tapAgacchIya ? kinhIM ratnazekharasUri kA pratimA pratiSThA hetu upadezaka ke rUpa meM nAma milatA hai| yadi hama isa vAcanA ko sahI mAneM to ukta pratimAlekha meM ullikhita ratnazekharasUri ko samasAmayikatA aura nAma sAmya ke AdhAra para ukta prasiddha racanAkAra ratnazekharasUri se samIkRta kiyA jA sakatA hai| eka racanAkAra dvArA apanI kRtiyoM kI prazastiyoM meM apane guru, praguru, ziSya tathA racanAkAla kA ullekha karanA jitanA mahattvapUrNa hai, vahIM unake dvArA apane gaccha kA nirdeza na karanA utanA hI Azcaryajanaka bhI hai| karpUraprakara nAmaka kRti kI prazasti meM racanAkara hariSeNa ne svayaM ko vajrasena kA ziSya aura neminAthacaritra kA kartA batalAyA hai, kintu inhoMne na to kRti ke racanAkAla kA koI nirdeza kiyA hai aura na hI apane gaccha Adi kA / Upara sirivAlacariya ( racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1428 / I0sa0 1372) prazasti meM matilakasUri ke guru kA nAma vajrasenasUri A cukA hai, ataH nAmasAmya ke AdhAra 116

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nAgapurIyatapAgaccha kA itihAsa para ukta donoM prazastiyoM meM ullekhita vajrasenasUri ke eka hI vyakti hone kI saMbhAvanA vyakta kI jA sakatI hai| isa saMbhAvanA ke AdhAra para karpUraprakara, neminAthacaritra Adi ke racanAkAra hariSeNa aura sirivAlacariya tathA anya kaI kRtiyoM ke kartA hematilakasUri paraspara gurubhrAtA mAne jA sakate haiN| sArasvatavyAkaraNadIpikA kI prazasti meM Upara hama dekha cuke haiM vajrasenasUri ke guru kA nAma jayazekharasUri aura praguru kA nAma guNasamudrasUri tathA unake guru kA nAma prasannacandrasUri batalAyA gayA hai jo isa paramparA ke AdipuruSa padmaprabhasUri ke ziSya the| chandakoza para racI gayI vRtti kI prazasti17 meM racanAkara candrakIrti ne padmaprabhasUri ko dIpakazAstra kA racanAkAra batalAyA hai: varSe: catuH saptati yuktarudra zatai 1174 ratItairatha vikramArkAt / vAdIndramukhyoH guru devasUriH sUrIzcaturviMzatimabhyarSicat / / tevAM ca yo dIpakazAstrakartA padmaprabhaH sUrivaro vabhUva / yadiya zAkhA prathitA krameNa khyAtA kSitau nAgapurI taSeti / / ThIka yahI bAta vikrama samvat kI 18 vIM zatI ke aMtima caraNa ke AsapAsa racI gayI nAgapurIyatapAgaccha kI paTTAvalI18 meM bhI kahI gayI hai, kintu vahAM mantha kA nAma bhuvanadIpaka batalAyA gayA hai| isI gaccha kI dUsarI paTTAvalI (racanAkAla-vikrama samvat bIsavIM zatAbdI kA aMtima caraNa) meM to eka kadama aura Age bar3ha kara bhuvanadIpaka kA racanAkAla (vi0 saM0 1221) kA bhI ullekha kara diyA gayA hai| kinhI padmaprabhasUri nAmaka muni dvArA racita bhuvanadIpaka aparanAma grahabhAvaprakAza nAmaka jyotiSa zAstra kI eka kRti milatI hai, parantu usakI prazasti meM na to racanAkara ne apane guru, gaccha Adi kA nAma diyA hai aura na hI isakA racanAkara hI batalAyA hai, phira bhI nAgapurIyatapAgacchIya sAkSyoM-chandakozavRtti kI prazasti tathA isa gaccha kI paTTAvalI ke vivaraNa ko prAmaNika mAnate hue vidvAnoM ne inheM vAdidevasUri ke ziSya padmaprabhasUri se abhinna mAnA hai| nAgapurIyatapAgacchIya paTTAvalI (racanAkAla 20 vIM zatAbdI kA aMtima bhAga) meM ullikhita bhuvanadIpaka ke jahAM taka racanAkAla kA prazna hai, cUMki isa sambandha meM kinhI bhI anya sAkSyoM se koI sUcanA nahIM milatI, dUsare arvAcIna hone se isameM aneka bhrAmaka aura paraspara virodhI sUcanAyeM saMkalita ho gayI haiM ata: isakI prAmaNikatA para praznacinha laga jAtA hai| padmaprabhasUri kI paramparA meM hue hariSeNa evaM ratnazekharasUri dvArA apane gaccha kA ullekha na karanA tathA isI paramparA meM bAda meM hue candrakIrtisari, mAnakIrti, amarakIrti Adi jhArA svayaM ko nAgapurIya tapAgacchIya aura apanI paramparA ko bRhadgacchIya vAdidevasUri

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 se sambaddha batalAnA vastutaH itihAsa kI eka anabUjha pahelI hai jise paryApta sAkSyoM ke abhAva meM sulajhA pAnA kaThina hai aura yaha prazna abhI anuttarita hI raha jAtA hai| sandarbha 1.2-(a) tIrthe vIrajinezvarasya vidite zrIkauTikAkhye gnne| zrImaccAndrakule vaTodbhavabRhadgacche garimnAnvite / zrImannAgapurIyakAhvayatapAprAptAvadAte'dhunA sphUrjadbhari guNAnvitA gaNadhara zreNI sadA rAjate // 2 // varSe veda-munIndra-zaMkara (1174) mite zrIdevasUriHprabhuH jajJe'bhUta tadanu prasiddha mahimA padmaprabhaH sUrirAT / / sArasvatavyAkaraNadIpikA kI prazasti (sa) A. P.Shah, Ed, Catalogue of Sanskrit and Prakrit Mss, Muni Punya VijayaJis Collection, Part II, L. D. Series No-5, Ahmedabad 1965 A.D, Pp 376-377. "nAgapurIyatapAgaccha paTTAvalI" muni jinavijaya, saMpA0, vividhagacchIyapaTTAvalIsaMgraha, siMghI jaina granthamAlA, granthAMka 53, mumbaI 1961, pRSTha 48-52. "nAgapurIyatapAgacchapaTTAvalI" mohanalAla dalIcaMda desAI, jainagUrjarakavio, navInasaMskaraNa, saMpA0DaoN0 jayanta koThArI, bhAga9, mumbaI 1997 I0, pRSTha - 98-105. mahopAdhyAya vinayasAgara, saMpA0, pratiSThAlekhasaMgraha, koTA 1953 lekhAMka-865 vahI, lekhAMka 994 vahI, lekhAMka 995 vahI, lekhAMka 1092 sArasvatavyAkaraNa dIpikA kI prazasti : subodhikAyAM kluptAyAM suurishriicndrkiirtibhiH| kRtpratyayAnAM vyAkhyAnaM babhUva samanoharam / / 1 / / tIrthe vIrajinezvarasya vidite zrIkauTikAkhye gaNe zrImaccAndrakule baTodbhavabRhadgacche grimnaanvite| zrImannAgapurIyakAhvayatapAprAptAvadAte'dhunA ; 388

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nAgapurIyatapAgaccha kA itihAsa sphUrjadUriguNAnvitA gaNadharazreNI sadA rAjate / / 2 / / varSe veda-munIndra-zaGkara (1174) mite zrIdevasUriH prbhuH| jajJe'bhUt tadanu prasiddhamahimA padmaprabhaH suuriraatt| tatpaTTe prathitaH prasanazazibhRta sUriH staamaadimH| sUrIndrAstadanantaraM guNasamudrAhvA bbhuuvurvdhaaH||3|| tatpaTTe jayazekharAkhyasugurU: zrIvajrasenastatastatpaTTe guruhemapUrvatilakaH shuddhkriyodyotkH| tatpaTTe prabhuratnazekharaguruH sUrIzvarANAM varastatpaTTAmbudhipUrNacandrasadRzaH shriipuurnncndrprbhuH||4|| tatpaTTe'jani premahaMsasuguruH sarvatra jAgradyazA: AcAryA api rtnsaagrvraasttpttttpdmaarymaa| zrImAnhemasamudrasUrirabhavachohemaratnastata statpaTTe prabhusomaratnaguravaH sUrIzvarAH sdgunnaaH||5|| tatpaTTodayazailaheliramalazrIjesavAlAnvayA'laGkAraH kalikAladarpadamanaH shriiraajrtnprbhuH| tatpaTTe jitavizvavAdinivahA gacchAdhipAH saMprati sUrizrIprabhucandrakIrtiguravo gaambhiirydhaiyaashryaaH||6|| tairiyaM padmacandrAhvopAdhyAyAbhyarthanA kRtaa| zubhA subodhikAnAmnI zrIsAsvatadIpikA / / 7 / / shriicndrkiirtisuuriindrpaadaambhojmdhukrH| zrIharSakIrtirimAM TIkAM prathamAdarzake'likhat // 8 // ajJAtadhvAntavidhvaMsavidhAne diipikaanibhaa| dipikeyaM vijayatAM vAcyamAnA budhaizciram / / 9 / / svalpasya siddhasya subodhakasya sArasvatavyAkaraNasya TIkAm / subodhikAkhyAM racayAJcakAra sUrIzvaraH shriiprbhucndrkiirtiH||10|| guNa-pakSa-kalA (1623) saMkhye varSe vikrmbhuupteH| TIkA sArasvatasyeSA sugamArthA vinirmitA // 11 // ) iti zrImannAgapurIyatapAgacchAdhirAjabhaTTArakazrIcandrakIrtisUriviracitA zrIsArasvatavyAkaraNasya dIpikA smaaptaa|| asmin samAptA / / samApto'yamiti granthaH / A. P. Shah, Ibid, Part II, No- 5974, Pp376-377. mohanalAla dalIcaMda desAI, jainasAhityano saMkSipta itihAsa, bambaI 1931

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca 1999 I 0 9. 11. 12. 13. 14. 0 pRSTha 585. vahI, pRSTha 593. svasti zrImati satprabhAvakalite vidvadgaNAlaMkRte bhuvi| zrImannAgapurIyasaMjJakatapAgacche prasiddha bhAratisuprasAdasurabhisphArasphurattejasi jAgrad sUrIndrapravare // 1 // ciraM vijayini zrIcandrakIrtiprabhau nityaM te'tra jayanti gaNairmAnyAH samAsAdita ( ? ) pAThakavarAH zrIpadmacandrAbhidhAH || sphuTAM vyadhAt // 2 kSetrAdhIzavarAzca tacchiSyottamabhAvacandravacasA sArasvatasya cAruvicArasArarucirAM gopAlabhaTTo TIkA A. P. Shah, Ed. Ibid, L. D. Siries No - 20, Ahmedabad 1968 A.D No- 9541 Pp. 94-95 tairiyaM padmacandrAhvopAdhyAyAbhyarthanA kRtA / zrIsArasvatadIpikA // 6 // zubhA subodhakAnAmnI sArasvatavyAkaraNadIpikA kI prazasti, draSTavya- saMdarbha kramAMka 7. zrImannAgapurIyakAhavayatapAgacchAdhipAH satkriyA: vineyo varaH / sUrizrIprabhacandrakIrtiguravasteSAM yaccAtrAnavadhAnataH / vAcya pAThaka harSakIrtirakarot kalyANapadmastave meghAmaMdira devasundaramahopAdhyAya rAjo mahAn // 1 // yatkiMcintatimAndatvAt vyAkhyAtaM vaiparItyena tad vizodhyaM vickssnnaiH||2|| A. P. Shah, Ibid, Part I, No- 1671, Pp 97-98. itizrIbRhacchAMtiTIkA samAptAH || zubhaM bhavatu // zrIrastuH || saMvat 1676 varSe vaizAkha mAse / zuklapakSe / dvitIyAM tithau / ca (caM ) dravAsare lipikRtAH / / shriimnnaagpuriiptpaagcche| / bha0 zrI zrImAnakIrtisUristeSAMpaTTe u0 zrIhaMsakIrti / tatazikhya (Sya) zivarAjena likhitamastiH / svapaThanAya lekhaka pAThaka ( : ) zrIrastu | H. R. Kapadia, Ed. Descriptive Catalogue of the Govt. Collections of Mss. Deposited at B.O.R.I. Vol. XVIII, Part iv, Poone 1948 A. D.P- 121. saMvat 1657 varSe ASAr3ha mAse zuklapakSe / pratipadAyAM tithau / somavAre zrInAgapuramadhye | pAtasAhi zrIakabara rAjye / zrIvardhamAnatIrthe sudharmmAsvAmino'nvaye / 120

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nAgapurIyatapAgaccha kA itihAsa kauttikgnne| vairIzAkhAyAM / caMdrakule / pUrvaM zrImadgRhadgacche sAMprataM / prApta nAgapurIya tapA iti prasiddhAvadAte / vAdi zrI devasUrisaMtAne / bha0 zrI candrakIrtisUrivarAsteSAM paTTe sarbana jegIyamAnakIrti bha0 zrImAnakIrti sUri puraMdarAsteSAM ziSyA AcArya zrI zrI 5 amarakIrtisUrayasteSAM ziSyeNa munidharmAhyayena lipIcakre / amRtalAla maganalAlazAha, saMpA0, zrIprazastisaMgraha, zrI jainasAhitya pradarzana, zrI dezavirati dharmArAjaka samAja, ahamadAbAda vi0 saM0 1993, bhAga 2, prazasti kramAMka 628, pRSTha 159-60. 15. prAcIna pustakoddhAra phaMDa, granthAMka 35, jinadattasUri jJAna bhaMDAra, surata vi0 saM0 1985 / I0 san 1929. zrIvajrasenasya gurostriSaSTisAraprabaMdhasphuTasadguNasya // ziSyeNa cakre hariNeyamiSTA, sUktAvalI nemicaritrakartA // karpUraprakara kI prazasti, prakAzaka- bAlAbhAI kalaka bhAI, mAMDavIpola ahamadAbAda vi0 saM0 1982 / I0 san 1926. 17. mohanalAla dalIcaMda desAI, jainagUrjarakavio, bhAga 2 (prAcIna saMskaraNa, pRSTha 656. 16. 18-19. draSTavya saMdarbha kramAMka 1 aura 2 20. grahabhAvaprakAzAkhyaM zAstrametatprakAzitam // lokAnAmupakArAya bhuvanadIpaka kA aMtima zloka. prakAzaka- gaMgAviSNu zrIkRSNadAsa, zrIlakSmI veMkaTezvara sTIma presa, bambaI vi0 saM0 1996 / I0 sa0 1939. zrIpadmaprabhusUribhiH // 170 // " 121

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The Image of Indian Ethology Rajmal Jain Basic Problems of Ethics Since man is a rational animal, his innate characteristics are to think and contemplate.' Thought and conduct are the two aspects of his life. The two, when entwined, give rise to reasoning and wisdom. Human greatness consists in his discrimination. Food, sleep, fear and sex are common characteristics of all animals including man, but he alone is endowed with discretion which other animals lack.? This makes him think who he is, whence he has come, what for he has been born, what makes his life sublime, what conduct is good and what leads him astray, how he should sit and stand, what and when to eat so as to save him from sin. Such curiosity is discernible in Jaina scriptures like Acaranga and Dasavaikalika, obviously the goal of life has ever his concern for which he has always striven." Man is a social being. He comes in contact with others which makes him ponder as to how he should deal with them. Arjuna in the Gita faces this very problem, because he knows not whether he should fight with his own kith and kin. It deals with the ultimate good and the way of attain it. Society can subsist only when people live amicably and have harmonious relations with one another. The need of studying ethics It guides us to discriminate between the good and bad, proper and improper. It awakens man to realise his ideal the propensity and potentiality for which is deep inside him. Man cannot live without bread, but can even buttered bread satisfy his inner being? Is he the body or its possessor? Acarya Bhadrabahu has rightly said, "Howsoever valiant a blind man may be, he can never dream of defeating his enemy, so also an ignorant man oblivious of the purpose of his life can never rise to the occasion and shall be subject to his passions and infirmities. Acarya Battakera avers in Mulacara that Jainism stresses on two things; what path a spiritual aspirant should take and what the ideal of his life should

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The Image of Indian Ethology be Jainas should know the way leading to desired destination. The Buddhistic ethics expatiates on the third Noble Truth, viz how to be rid of suffering so as to attain salvation. The fourth one makes us aware of the eightfold way. The Jaina ethics emphasizes the three 'jewels' which alone can guarantee liberation. The Gita talks of three ways of knowledge, action and devotion, All the three mention the ideal of life and means to attain it. All this we learn from ethics. None can stay idle all the time. Life and conduct have inseparable association so that we cannot think of the one without the other. Conduct is verily the characteristic of life. Jainism regards conduct as the differentia of human life, and activity as the root of life. All beings are gifted with body, speech and mental functions. The Gita says, 'Surely none can remain inactive even for a moment: everyone is helplessly driven to action by nature-born qualities.' The Buddhist say that activity characterises life so much that there is no doer apart from action. Action itself is the doer. 10 Matthew Arnold says that conduct is three-fourth of life." Mackenzie says that in view of purposive activity conduct itself is life. Now the question is whether all conduct is equally beneficent. It cannot be since many aspects of it are positively hurlful. It is the sacred lore that instructs us as to what is ethical or unethical beneficent or maleficent. The Gita holds "Let the scripture be your authority in determining what ought to be done and what ought not to be done. Knowing this, you should do here only such actions as sanctioned by scriptural ordinance." The study of ethics is, therefore, necessary to comprehend merit and demerit, virtue and sin, duty and the like. With consciousness comes wisdom which weighs the actions of others to determine whether they will lead to the desired goal but such evaluation may not always be right, because each one has his own criteria which may or may not be dependable. The study of ethics enables us to distinguish between the right and the wrong or between moral and immoral objects and actions. The study of ethics helps us in taking right decisions without which human life is of no significance. Without knowledge there can 123

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Sraman/Jan-March/1999 be no right conduct. What can you expect from an ignorant aspirant? How can he possibly discriminate between the truly and apparently enticing objects or persons, between the auspicious and inauspicious or between materialism or spiritualism.'? All Jaina preceptors ask us first to know the sacred literature and then adopt the right course. Acarya Kundakunda rightly says that he who knows the difference between moral and immoral thoughts or actions can avoid the worldly entanglements, and sincerely strive for liberation.' So says the Gita, The truth about action must be known and the truth of prohibited action must also be known even so the truth about inaction must be known. For mysterious are the ways of action.!4 He who discards scriptures and acts wilfully is doomed here and hereafter. Man's knowledge is imperfect. It is a ticklish question as to what is meant by the highest good. How to judge actions? What touchstone can possibly clinch the issue? Some gave importance to rules and precepts whereas others emphasized satisfaction soul. Some gave primacy to resolve whereas some others looked for consequences Some glorified values. Many theories were propounded which might confuse the common man. The study of ethics alone can point out what is spiritually uplifting. There is no direct relationship between the knowledge of ethics and man's actions. An illiterate person may very well be righteous and a profound scholar may turn out to be depraved and licentious,. The Mahabharata enunciates that even though one knows what is right but practises still its opposite. Even though conscious of some action being definitively immoral one can hardly get away from it.15+16 A Jaina scripture says that a blind man can see nothing even though it is light all round. So also even though scriptures may be on either side of him, the scholar's behaviour may not be up to the mark. Jainism and the Gita hold that the study of ethics does help man in his practical life. This has been elaborated in the last chapter of the Gita." He who is learned attains perfection in modesty, penances and efficacy of character. 18 There are three theories propounded in the West as under : (i) Theoretical angle of vision; it holds that theory and practice 124

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The Image of Indian Ethology do not agree with each other. Moral principles tell us what human nature is, not what it should be. The Dutch Spinoza truly represents this school. Bosanquet and Bradley too are its adherents. It has been held that the knowledge of good and bad is innate. As such no study can generate or strengthen what is man's own. (ii) Practical angle of vision; it holds that the two are interrelated. The predecessors of Aristotle whether they were stoic, hedonists, utilitarian or progressive, upheld this view. (iii) Co-ordinating angle of vison : it holds that even though not closely related, the study of ethics cannot but influence conduct. Mackenzie states that a bad principle vitiates the tastes of one generation at times whereas a good one is of substantial help in refining such taste. Aristotle and Mackenzie support this view In the initial stage both Buddhism and Jainism had advocated the practical aspects but no Indian philosophy ever tried to treat them as contraries. Their attempt was to co-ordinate them. The Jaina philosophers have not ignored the close relationship between the two. Uttaradhyayana and Dasavaikalikahave held that the study of ethics is essential for practical life, even though they know that no close study of ethics can unravel the knot of life. Bhadrabahu says that mere theoretical knowledge cannot guarantee right action. An expert swimmer for want of practice may be drowned, so also a spiritual aspirant is inextricably involved in mundane affairs for want of timely application of his knowledge. Expertise in theory has been compared to a lamp and tact to an eye. Of what use is the profoundest knowledge of scriptures? Can a blind man see anything even though crores of lamps have been lighted. Even a little knowledge of scriptures can be of help to man in his pratical life, just as a single lamp shows the way to seeing eyes. A sound theory makes us awares of the ideal to be achieved. As the eye needs light and light needs the eye, so also theory helps practice and practice makes theory virile. The two together ennoble life. Moore also supports this view. The former says that it is hard to disbelieve the practical aspect even for those who are interested in upholding its theoretical aspect. Reshadal and Moore say that the systematization of duty is the 125

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Sraman/Jan-March/1999 aim of all moral investigations. We should know not only what is good or bad but also why it is so. At times a person may be in two minds, since he is unable to ascertain what is really moral or immoral. The Gita says that the truth about action and inaction must be known. Without studying ethics it is not easy to decide whether other's actions are justifiable or not. Besides this, there are marked differences and dissimilarities between different climes. For all this we must study ethics to augment our knowledge. Ethology has been defined as (i) It is the understanding of customs and social rules. (ii) It is the knowledge of the intricacies of conduct or character. (iii) It is the comprehension of what is proper and improper. (iv) It concerns itself with duty. (v) Its main concern is what is the highest good or ideal of human life. (vi) It is a well-organized system of valuation. (vii) It analyses moral concepts. The Indian traditions takes theological jurisprudence and the science or morality as two distinct entities. The meaning of indian ethics is different from the Western one. In India it has been interpreted as political science. Still it includes the rules of social structure and the like. The word Ethics is derived from Ethose which means customs. The science of morality in the West is our theology. Hence it is necessary to know what exactly is meant by piety. The Jainas interpret it as obedience. Mahavira says that obedience to his commands is piety in the true sense. The philosophy of Mimansa says that the observance of Vedic Precepts is Dharma20. The Jainas have included also social regulations and ethical self-restrictions. There are references to duties relating to villages, towns, federation and the like. These indian definations have similarity with the Western one which relates to customs and the like. Piety is mainly concerned with conduct. In the commentary on 'Sthanangasutra Acarya Abhayadeva interprets it as conduct, pure and simple. Acarya Kundakunda also corroborates it.?" Acaranganiryukti holds that the essence of piety consists in scriptural texts and sermons. Manu's interpretation is the very same one. He also says that it is the behaviour shorn of love and hatred and that what is approved by our inner self is the quintessence of piety.22 Piety instructs us in the observance of duty. It tells of man's 126

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The Image of Indian Ethology responsibilites and is benedictory in nature. It has been taken as the unfailing benefactor of the world23. What protects the subjects is piety as explicated by the Mahabharata. The Gita says that ethics teaches us our duty and also what is never to be undertaken and always to be shunned. Dasavaikalikaniryukti says that piety purifies our heart and does the highest good to all. Acaranganiryukti24 says that piety ensures liberation. It says that piety is the essence of the universe; the essence of piety is self-knowledge and the essence of awareness is self-control. Liberation is the essence of restraint. Kathopanisada25 says that the wise choose not mundane achievement but only spiritual upliftment. Acarya Subhacandra avers that piety causes mundane and spiritual welfare26. Tha Jaina have defined it also as steadfastness in one's own nature to the exclusion of the alien.27 The other definition is the pure image of the spirit which is truly beneficent in the beginning, middle and end28. Vaisesikasutra says that it is both pleasing and uplifting.29 The West has not tried to co-ordinate various theories but insisted on each one of them. The Indian tradition, however, sees partial truth in all without insisting on any one of them. The attempt has been to co-ordinate them so as to unify them into a whole but without any inconsistency. That is what Manu has done. He says that piety is obedience to the Vedas and Smrtis, good conduct and dealings with others on equal terms. This is what Jainism has stressed. Its expansive definition is staying in self, forgiveness of ten kinds, 'the three jewels' and the protection of others. The three jewels are right views, knowledge and conduct. All this helps in leading a moral life. The question has been raised whether ethics is art, science or a part of philosophy. Science is the organized study of a subject. Considered thus, ethics is science, since it is a well-knit study of duty, spiritual upliftment and the highest good of mankind. Muirhead has given three characteristics of science: Proper observation, classification of what is observed and their elucidation. Since this is what ethics does, it must be recognised as science. Another question is whether ethics is a realistic or idealistic science. Those who take it as a part of sociology or psychology regard 127

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Sraman/Jan-March/1999 is it as realistic like Economics, Psychology and Law. Those who take it as idealistic say that its function is not to deal with what is, It is really concerned with what should be. It is not factual but value-based. Science has to do with thought whereas the concern of art is with the thing created. Sukracarya says that the means of exchanging views and thoughts is science. Art concerns itself with the object of creation.30 There are those who regard ethics as the art of conduct. Lines and colours make a picture. It is the art of painting. All well-organized systems of producing sound is the art of music. So also the balance and setting of emotions is the art of conduct. Art and science are not wholly discrete. Craft, medical science, architecture and the like are incomplete without being practised. Ethics, whether science or art, has to do with both. Some Westerners like Mackenzie say that Ethics can never be regarded as an art. They say that conduct is a habit, not a skill but art is skill. A righteous man is he whose conduct is unassailable whereas a good artist is one who presents a good picture. One who knows the ins and outs of righteousness need not himself be upright. The perfection of art lies in the finish of the creation whereas conduct has to do with intention. The Indian tradition disregards Mackenzie's view. Jainism and the Gita both agree that one who knows moral conduct even without practising it, is righteous. A good man is also tempted sometime, but this does not make him licentious. Acaranga says that a right man, even though committing no sin, has been regarded as righteous simply because of his keen awarenes of things.31 This is what the Gita says, 'Even if the vilest sinner worships Me with exclusive devotion, he should be considered a saint, for he has rightly resolved."32 Further, moral life is certainly concerned with good intention, but its ultimate objective is liberation still. It is also Yoga, i.e. union with the universal soul by means of contemplation. In india ethics is a significant art. It is holy. Without holiness all the arts are useless as without iris eyes are of no use. Ethics is also a part of philosophy. Science is primarily related to real things. As such it is realistic. There are no postulates in philosophy but ethology does have some. If we were to regard also the review of 128

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The Image of Indian Ethology ethical propositions as an integral part of it, ethics can very well be regarded philosophy. It is, however, no mere playfulness of intellect, since it has very much to do with practical life. Why not take it then as practical philosophy? Those with right views express its philosophical aspect; right knowledge its scientific aspect and right conduct its artistic side. Truly speaking, ethics incorporates science, art and philosophy all together. It is the root of the first three objects of human pursuit, viz. discharge of duty, acquirement of wealth and gratification, It leads to final emancipation. It will be a mistake to stress any one aspects of ethics to the exclusion of others, though no aspects of any concept can be ignored altogether. Its principal characterstics are : most auspicious, favourable, proper, duty, conduct and the like. Their precise definitions have not been given in India. As such, we have to take rucourse to western definitions but we will certainly examine them in the Indian context. 1. Most auspicious : In the Indian tradition the greatest good is in the complete annihilation of misery and the achievement of undying bliss. It is also in the satisfaction of the soul. In the Jaina tradition it is staying in self. The Gita calls it attainment of divinity. It admits of no precise definition. Moore also regards it as undescribable. 2. Auspicious : The first one is a spiritual ideal but this one is purely mundane. It is also known as virtue. It is an ideal the aim of which is to do good to others. As such, it may very well be called a social ideal. 3. Concepts of propriety and impropriety: Their bases are the above two concepts. The conduct that leads to most auspicious or favourable side is proper. What takes it in the wrong direction is improper. Also what is supported by society is proper and waht is opposed by it is improper. 4. Duty : It tells us that it is our responsibility to do something without fail in particular circumstances. It arises in social and intellectual life. It goes with rights one possesses or with intellect. 5. Conduct. It is formed by an individual's habits. It is indicative of what he considers life to be. It is a special mode of leadig one's life. It forms itself as a result of acquired experience of life, its

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Sraman/Jan-March/1999 vicissitudes and vagary. All these are in close relation with one another. The highest good is liberation, Virtue and vice express the auspicious-inauspicious; caste-system and the stages of life indicate duties to be observed accordingly. Man has been pondering over piety, impiety,auspicious. inauspicious, mundane achievement-spiritual welfare for thousands of years. In the West Pythagoras, Socrates, Plato and others were seized with the problem. Later Russell, Moore, Paton cogitated. In the East Rama, Klsna, Buddha and Mahavira gave serious thought to such problems. In the modern times we had-Tilak and Gandhi. The East and the West were confronted with such problems, but their view naturally differed. Geographical conditions vary from country to country. In countries where it is difficult for people to make their both ends meet, they have no time and energy to think of other things. Moreover countries have their own traditions which affect people's thinking. There are climatic affects too. Jainism, Buddhism and the Gita are products of our country and so naturally there are many things common. We give below the special characteristics of their view of life. 1. All sensual experiences are changeable, impermanent and liable to destruction. Jianism, Buddhism and the Gita all support this view.33 2. The body is mortal, but not the soul. Jainism and the Gita say that the soul is indestructible.34 Buddhism does not recognise the permanence of the soul, but believe that the flow of consciousness never ceases. 3. Jainism, Buddhism and the Gita advocate the theory that one has to face the consequences of one's actions-good or bad.35 This confirms their conviction in re-birth. 4. Transmigration of soul is their common belief. 5. They all agree that good actions lead to heaven and bad ones to hell. 36 6. Both Jainism and Buddhism assert the misery of human life. This is the first stage of their faith, Buddha terms it as the first Noble Truth. The Danish existentialist Kierkegaard is of the same view. ! 30

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The Image of Indian Ethology The world is a vale of misery. The attempt on the part of Buddha, Mahavira and others was to show the way to be freed from its shackles. To live in the world and yet above it was the cherished ideal. 7. Mundane achievement is momentary. Pleasure and pain come and go, but this ensures bliss which stays. Bliss is not to be had from outside. It is within us. Attachment and yearning add to our miseries. It is only the detached soul which is blissful. Man has to see it within assiduously. 8. The West has been concerned primarily with the present life now and here, whereas the East has considered morality more in the life beyond. They are not water-tight compartments, since one penetrates the other. The difference lies in their emphasis Ethics in India has been less theoretical, for it is essentially practice-based. The Western Ethics is science; the Eastern one is the art of living. That no thought has been given to discussion of theoretical conundrums is a mistaken view. The Indian ethics is spiritual, whereas the Western one is a materialistic. The west has always tried to make their countries prosperous and thriving. Our highest good has been liberation from mundane affairs so as to enter the domain of spirituality. The west has been more concerned with improving social life whereas our main concern has been moral life so as to improve here and hearafter. Bradley and others in the West have quite emphasized realisation of the soul as the summum bonum of life. Likewise we did not quite ignore our living conditions but we knew that hedonism can bing no peace of mind. Another marked differenec is that we have attended more to personal bliss than societal amelioration, even though man and society are inseparable. Mahayana Bauddhs riveted their full attention to society. Likewise in the West Spinoza and Nietzsche have made it markedly person oriented. One-sided views may at best be a nine-days' wonder. It is the holistic view that stays Dr. Radhakrisnana has referred to certain charges levelled against Hindism by Shwestjer. They are as under: 1. Hinduism has stressed emancipation which naturally negates society and the world.

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Sraman Jan-March 1999 2. It is inevitably ultra-mundane which is contrary to humanity and the world around. 3. The world is an illusion and so the human life is a mirage. Since the world is taken as false, there is no scope for the delineation of social conduct. 4. The origin of the world is the sport of God. 5. The means of emancipation is to realise one's self. As such, has little to do with morality. 6. It is escapist, not a coordination or even compromise. It is to free oneself from mundane shackles and not to improve the world. It is a subterfuge to avoid the world and its snare. This infuses no hope in mankind. 7. The ideal man is above good and evil. Let us now take the changes one by one : (1) The tableland of life has two edges on either side, one which is shallow, incomplete, striving and the other is full to the brim. It strives to make the life whole. Dr. RadhaKrisnan says, "The Hindu takes spiritually as the foundation stone of his life, Self-realization is no miraculous solution to the problems of life. It is only an humble attempt to attain perfection by degrees." Jainism regards liberation as the full development of numerous energies of consciousness which is never segregated from life. Mahavira says that morality is very much related to life. A pious life and moral perfection which gives rise to idealism are very much part of life itself. Man must strive so long as disease do not assail him and old age does not disable him." 38 So long as there is life, good qualities should be cultivated. So long as one is healthy; old age is far off, all his senses function satisfactorily2, a wise man should strive for equanimity of the highest good and make the best of his life. It is the consciousness of perfection that awakenes the strong desire not only to make up the deficiency but also to strengthen his spirit. The second charge is no less erroneous. We have pondered over the ultra-mundane reality because we are not mere bodies. Two of the four pursuits of human endeavour pertain to this very life, but will all amenities satisfy our spirit? Jainism and Buddhism's emaphasis on 132

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The linage of Indian Ethology non-violence, non-insistence, non-possessiveness is far more concerned with the life that we lead, when the Gita expatiates on the stages of life or caste-system or doing one's duty, unmindful of the fruit, it is all this life. Jainism asserts that the observance of conduct is neither for this life nor beyond. The wise man is one who acres neither for the past nor dreams of the future. Morality based on fear or temptation, for heaven or hell, is not real. It is fake. It only appers to be real. The Gita says categorically, "Wise men do not sorrow over the dead or the living." So says Buddha, 'Such queit hermits, as grieve not over the past and do not build castles in the air are ever contented and happy. In the East what austerities are practised for the next world are considere binding. Heaven and hell have been picturized for the common man as for also the illiterate. This 100, is to enable them to tread the righteous path. The Gita makes it clearer still, ' Four types of virtuous men worship Me; the seeker of worldly objects, the sufferer, the seeker of knowledge and the man of wisdom. Of these the best is the man of wisdom, constantly established in identity with Me and possessed of exclusive devotion.' Buddha was affected by suffering and death and so he was determined to make the maximum use of his time to lessen the ills of life. If man were to imitate Nature, what need is there for altruism and self-sacrifice? Mere physical basis does not encompass human life. If even the richest people are not happy, it is clear that the world has never satisfied kings, emperors and the laity. Since pure love and detachment are our ideal, the root of our morality should be fixed deep below where nothing is visible. Our good is not confined to this world. We can rise only when we alsways try to transcend our limitations and rise higher still on the spiritual plane. The third charge is that we take the world as false. Firstly, Sankara alone is not the representative. Philosophers of India and he also meant that the world for each man is evanescent and that man goes empty-handed, Jainism, Buddhsim and the Gita cannever be taken as supporters of the falsity of the world : Jainism is admittedly realistie. In the Buddhistic tradition also, but for its nihilism and the idealism. The actual life ahs been accepted without any reservation. The 133

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Sraman Jan-March:1999 metaphysics of the Gita also makes nonsense ofthis allegation. The fourth charge is that the world is God'a sport. It certainly gives credenece to fatalism which denies any moral responsibility. The Gita may seem to support it but the charge does nor stick to Jainism and Buddhisin. The fifth charge is that in the Indian tradition knowledge has been accorded the prime place and that conduct or morality has been relegated to the background. Also that self-realization has been supposed to be the means of liberation. But action, contemplation and devotion have also been regarded as equally helpful in attaining emancipation. Along with intellect, morality has no less been emphasized. Jainism and Buddhism have accored the very same place to conduct. Likewise the Gita has not ignore the importance of conduct. As such the charge is baseless. The sixth charge is of escapism which is the consequence of ignorance on the part of the critic. The Vedas and Upanisads proclaim at the top of their voice thet they should meet, walk, talk and eat together The Jaina congregation is the proof positive or corporate life. The attempt has been to ennoble life by renouncing selfishness, greed, indignation and the like. It is to transgress artificial limitations to scale desirable heights. The body is an important means of spiritual development. Dr. Radhakrsnan rightly says that sound mind is invariably in a sound body. Man's aim in life is not merely to eat, drink and be merry. He has to rise above the beastly level to justify his existence. Even in bondage we strive assiduously to free ourselves from constricting restrictions. The body is destined to perish but the soul knows no death. A single life may not be sufficient to approch the ideal of self-realization. Indirectly, the succession of lives is designed to reach nearer the goal. The desire of the moth for the star is not escapism nor a denial of life. The seventh charge is that the ideal person is he who should have transcended good and evil, virtue and sin. Truly speaking, in the struggle of life there is too much of conflict, tumult and uproar. Who does not suffer the ups and downs of life? When the world is too much with us, we are so much involved in mundane affairs that it becomes difficult to extricate ourselves from it. When the world is ever in our 134 134

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The Image of Indian Ethology minds, the mental powers are necessarily emaciated. To become one of the crowd is a mean life which nobody laments. Bradely has clarified it. To be wholly moral, even though in mud the aspirant has to be above it like the lotus plant. To translate the ideal into practice the mundane baggage has to be discarded-Jainism syas that virtues and sins both bind. In Bondage there is no freedom. It is incumbent on man to break the shackles and make his life truly memorable. So says Buddhism, Virtue and sin, goodness and badness are caused by our ego, attachment and pride. These are limitations to be overcome, but the condition is that there should be no rancour. In India it has been recognised full well that the taste of sugar is known because of salt. Virtue that is cloistered and fearful is no achievement. One cannot be moral overnight. It requires strong will, perseverance, steadfastness and firmness that makes us stand in good stead. A disciplined life alone can proceed apace, leaving the teeming multitude behind. Our culture signifies the welfare of one and all. Ours is the concept of world brotherhood which is beyond the pale of politicians. The Indian view had never been lopsided. We have always tried to coordinate view inorder to reach a happy compromise. Jainism views all angles pros-and-cons of all things without which there will be conflict and strife. Non-absolutism has been its pillar which has never failed mankind. Reference: Uttaradhyanacrni; 3. 1. 2. Hitopadesa; 25. 3. Acaranga, 1/114; Dasavaikalika. 417. 4. Gita, 2/6-8. 5. Acaranganiryukti; 219. 6. Mulacara, 202. 7. Uttaradhyayana, 28/11. Acaranganiryukti, 189. 8. 9. Gita, 3/5. 10. Visuddhimagga, qutoed in Buddha and other Philosophies Part I, p.511 11. See Niti Pravesika. P.-21. 135

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Sraman Jan-March:1999 12. Dasavaikalika, 4/10. 13. Darsanapahuda, 16. 14. Guta. 4/17. 15. Mahabharata qutoed in "The Survey of Ethics : 360. 16. Sutrkrtanga. 1/12/8. 17. Gra.18/68-73. 18. Uttaradhyayana . 29/59. 19. The theory of Good and Civil, P. 19. 20. Mimansadarsana, 1/1/2. 21. Pravacanasara, 1/1/2. 22. Manusmrti; 2/208. 23. Dasavaikalika, 1/1. 24. Dasvailkalikaniryukti, 244. 25. Kathapanishad, 2/12. 26. Amolasukti Ratnakara, p 27. 27. Abhidhanrajendrakosa, Part IV; P-2663. 28. Ibid, P.- 2669. 29. Quoted in Survey of Ethics, P-6. 30. Sukraniti, 4/65. 31. Acaranga, 1/3/2. 32. Gita, 9/30. 33. Bhavapahuda, 110. 34. Niyamasara 102; Gita 2/20; Dhammapada 127 35. Sutrakitanga 2/114; Gita 5/15. 36. Sutrakitanga 2/5/12 24; Gita 2/37;16/6; Anguttaranikaya 2/317-8. 37. Indian Thought and its development quoted from Pracya Dharma and Pascatya Vicara, P- 94. 38. Dasavaikalika, 8/34.

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sAhitya satkAra bhAratIya tattvajJAna : keTalIka samasyA (gujarAtI) lekhaka - DaoN0 nagIna jI0 zAha; saMskRti saMskRta granthamAlA, granthAMka 5; prakAzaka - DaoN0 jAgRti dilIpa seTha, bI-14; devadarzana phlaiTa; neharUnagara, cAra rAstA; aMbAvADI, ahamadAbAda 380015, prathama saMskaraNa 1998 I0, AkAra-DimAI; pRSTha 8+184; mUlya 99 rUpaye mAtra. DaoN0 nagIna jI0 zAha bhAratIya dharmadarzana ke zIrSastha vidvAnoM meM eka haiN| dharma aura darzana ke kSetra meM unake yogadAna se vidvajagata bhalI bhAMti suparicita hai| prastuta pustaka meM unhoMne sat-asat, bhAratIya darzanoM meM mokSa vicAra, karma aura punarjanma, bhAratIya darzanoM meM Izvara kI avadhAraNA, jJAnaviSayaka samasyAoM kA sAmAnya paricaya Adi mahattvapUrNa dArzanika viSayoM para gambhIra carcA kI hai| ukta viSayoM para prArambha se hI bhAratIya darzanoM meM matabheda rahA hai| darzana aise gUr3ha viSaya se sambandhita samasyAoM ko sarala evaM saMkSipta bhASA meM prastuta kara unhoMne sarAhanIya kArya kiyA hai| pustaka kA sajjA AkarSaka tathA mudraNa truTirahita evaM sundara hai| bhAratIya darzana ke zodhArthiyoM aura gaMbhIra adhyetAoM donoM ke lie yaha pustaka samAna rUpa se upayogI hai| . Essays In Indian Philosophy - lekhaka - DaoN0 nagIna jI0 zAha0; saMskRti saMskRta granthamAlA; granthAMka 6; prakAzaka - pUrvokta; prathama saMskaraNa 1998 I0; AkAra-DimAI, pRSTha 8+152; mUlya- 120/- rUpaye mAtra. prastuta pustaka meM vidvAn lekhaka dvArA bhAratIya darzana se sambandhita samasyAoM para AMgla bhASA meM likhe gaye 9 lekhoM kA saMkalana hai| prathama lekha meM kAla kI prakRti para bhAratIya evaM pAzcAtya vicArakoM ke mantavyoM kA vivaraNa hai| isI krama meM unhoMne jaina darzana meM kAla ke sambandha meM pracalita mAnyatAoM kI bhI savistAra carcA karate hue unakI samIkSA prastuta kI hai| dvitIya lekha meM jaina paramparA meM AkAza kI pracalita avadhAraNA kI vyAkhyA kI gayI hai sAtha hI unhoMne isa sambandha meM kucha rocaka prazna uThAye haiM aura unakA samAdhAna bhI prastuta kiyA hai| tRtIya lekha ke antargata unhoMne bauddha paramparA meM pracalita 'nirvANa' kI savistAra carcA karate hue sadehamukti aura videhamukti kA bhI vivecana kiyA hai| eka hI zabda bhinna-bhinna dArzanika paramparAoM meM bhinna-bhinna arthoM meM vyavahata hone ke kAraNa dArzanikoM meM kisa taraha bhramapUrNa sthiti ho jAtI hai aura ve kisa prakAra kA bhrAmaka niSkarSa nikAlane lagate haiM, isa bAta kA isa lekha meM vistRta vivecana hai| isI prakAra Age ke lekhoM meM kramaza: pAtaMjala yogadarzana meM Izvara ke svarUpa kI avadhAraNA, prArambhika nyAya-vaizeSikoM meM Izvara kI avadhAraNA, jJAna-darzana ke kSetra meM bhAratIya darzana kI samasyAyeM, jJAna sambandhI dharmakIrti ke mantavya tathA bhAratIya darzanoM meM vyApti aura

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zramaNa / janavarI-mArca 1999 pramANa ke sambandha meM jaina dArzanikoM ke mantavyoM kI samAlocanA prastuta kI gayI hai| AMgla bhASA meM likhita yaha pustaka bhAratIya darzana ke abhyAsiyoM ke liye atyanta upayogI hai| aise mahattvapUrNa grantha ke praNayana aura usake surucipUrNa DhaMga se nirdoSa mudraNa ke lie lekhaka, mudraka aura prakAzaka sabhI badhAI ke pAtra haiN| Jaina Philosophy and Religion (muni zrI nyAyavijaya jI dvArA praNIta jaina darzana kA aMgrejI anuvAda), anuvAdaka - pro0 nagIna jI0 zAha; prakAzakamotIlAla banArasIdAsa pablizarsa prA0 li0; bhogIlAla laheracanda isTiTyUTa oNpha iNDolAjI aura mahattarA sAdhvI zrI mRgAvatI jI phAuMDezana, dillI; AkAra-rAyala aThapejI; pRSTha 25+469; prathama aMgrejI saMskaraNa 1998 I0; mUlya 450/- rUpaye maatr| muni nyAyavijaya jI bhAratIya darzana ke mUrdhanya vidvAn the| unake dvArA likhI gayI vibhinna mahattvapUrNa kRtiyoM meM jaina darzana sarvAdhika lokapriya hai / isa grantha meM unhoMne jaina dharma-darzana ke sabhI pakSoM para sampradAya nirapekSa dRSTi se savistAra prakAza DAlA hai| vastutaH yaha grantha munizrI kI asAdhAraNa vidvattA kA paricAyaka hai aura unake dvArA vizva ko diyA gayA eka amUlya ratna hai| aba taka isa grantha ke gujarAtI bhASA meM 12 saMskaraNa prakAzita ho cuke haiM jo isakI lokapriyatA aura isake vyApaka pracAra-prasAra kA jvalanta udAharaNa " hai| saMskRta sAhitya aura bhAratIya darzana ke vizvavikhyAt vidvAn pro0 nagIna jI0 zAha dvArA kiyA gayA isa grantha kA aMgrejI anuvAda vastutaH maNi-kAMcana saMyoga hai aura aba nizcaya hI isa prAmANika grantha kA vizvavyApI pracAra-prasAra hogA / isa grantha kI mahattA ke bAre meM kucha kahanA vastutaH sUrya ko dIpaka dikhalAne ke samAna hai| aisA mahattvapUrNa grantha pratyeka pustakAlaya ke liye anivArya rUpa se saMgrahaNIya hai| aise prAmANika aura lokapriya grantha ke anuvAda aura prakAzana ke lie anuvAdaka aura prakAzaka saMsthA donoM hI vaMdanIya haiN| mahAkavi jayazekhara sUri, bhAga 1 - 2, lekhikA - sAdhvI mokSaguNA zrI jI0 ma0 sA0; prakAzaka - Arya jayakalyANa kendra, megharatna apArTamenTa, pahalA mAlA, guNasAgarasUri megha saMskRti bhavana derAsara lena; ghATakopara (pUrva) mumbaI 400077; prathama saMskaraNa 1991; pRSTha 20+492, bhAga 2, pRSTha 20 + 494; mUlya- pratyeka bhAga 50 rUpaye. kharataragaccha aura tapAgaccha kI bhAMti aMcalagaccha bhI eka jIvanta gaccha hai / isa gaccha meM aneka prabhAvazAlI evaM vidvAn racanAkAra muni hue haiM, jinameM vikrama samvat kI 15vIM zatI meM hue AcArya jayazekhara sUri kA nAma atyanta Adara ke sAtha liyA jAtA hai| prastuta pustaka sAdhvI mokSaguNA zrI dvArA likhe gaye zodhaprabandha kA mudrita rUpa hai jisa 138

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 para unheM mumbaI vizvavidyAlaya se pI-eca0 DI0 kI upAdhi prApta huI thii| grantha ke prathama adhyAya meM prAcIna evaM madhyakAlIna jaina sAhitya kA saMkSipta vivecana hai| dvitIya adhyAya meM bhagavAn mahAvIra kI paramparA, aMcalagaccha kI paTTAvalI tathA isa gaccha ke sAhitya para vistRta prakAza DAlA gayA hai| tRtIya adhyAya meM 26 pRSThoM meM racanAkAra ke sambandha meM prakAza DAlA gayA hai| caturtha adhyAya meM unake dvArA racita upadezacintAmaNi, pAcaveM adhyAya meM, prabodhacintAmaNi, chaThe meM dhammilacarita, 7 veM meM jaina kumAra saMbhava, 8 veM meM tribhuvanadIpaka prabandha (mUla-pATha), usakI samAlocanA aura kathAvastu, 9veM adhyAya meM neminAthaphAgakAvya kA vivecana hai| 10veM aura 11 veM adhyAya meM unake dvArA racita anya kRtiyoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| grantha ke anta meM pariziSTa tathA saMdarbhagrantha sUcI bhI dI gayI hai, jisase isakA mahattva aura bhI bar3ha jAtA hai| DaoN0 ramaNalAla sI0 zAha ke mArgadarzana meM likhA gayA yaha vizAla zodhaprabandha sAdhvI jI ke dvArA kiye gaye athaka parizrama kA pratiphala hai| yaha grantha jaina dharma-darzana aura sAhitya ke zodhArthiyoM ke lie atyanta upayogI hai| lagabhaga eka hajAra pRSThoM ke grantha kA mUlya mAtra sau rUpayA rakhanA prakAzaka kI udAratA kA paricAyaka hai| aise prAmANika aura upayogI grantha praNayana aura usake prakAzana ke liye lekhikA aura prakAzaka donoM hI abhinandanIya haiN| Anandaghana caubIsI (vivecana), vivecakAra - zrIpannAlAla vanecaMda bhaMDArI; prakAzaka - zrImanohara pannAlAla bhaMDArI, 172/17; visanajI nagara; jalagAMva 220407; pRSTha 8+318; mUlya - 75/- rUpaye mAtra. __ mahAn AdhyAtmika saMta yogirAja zrI Anandaghana jI 17vIM zatAbdI kI mahAna vibhUti the| unake janma sthAna, mAtA-pitA Adi ke bAre meM koI jAnakArI nahIM miltii| isI prakAra ve kharataragaccha meM dIkSita hue the athavA tapAgaccha meM, isa sambandha meM bhI ThIkaThIka kucha bhI kaha pAnA kaThina hai| inake dvArA racI gayI vibhinna kRtiyA~ milatI haiM jinameM AnaMdaghana bahottarI aura Anandadhana caubIsI pramukha haiN| bahottarI meM inhoMne, kabIra, mIrA, sUradAsa, tulasIdAsa, ravidAsa Adi santa kaviyoM kI bhAMti muktaka padoM kI racanA kI hai| isake sabhI pada geya haiM aura ye sabhI rAga-rAganiyoM ke antargata hI racita haiN| ye pada bhaktiparaka, zRMgAra evaM viraha-milana sambandhI, adhyAtma darzana, yoga aura upadezAtmaka haiN| eka sthAna para ve kahate haiM - "nA hama puruSa, nA hama nArI, varanana bhAMti hamArI / jAti na pAMti, na sAdhu na sAdhaka, nA hama laghu nA bhaarii||" caubIsI ke antargata bhI unhoMne ukta viSayoM kA hI pramukhatA se varNana kiyA hai| vastuta: unake dvArA racita yaha caubIsI na kevala jaina balki bhAratIya bhakti sAhitya kI amUlya nidhi hai| zrAvakaratna zrI pannAlAla jI bhaMDArI ne prastuta pustaka meM pratyeka stavanoM

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 ke pratyeka caupAiyoM kA alaga-alaga artha aura unakA atyanta sarala bhASA meM vistRta vivecana kiyA hai jisase janasAmAnya bhI bhalI-bhA~ti samajha sakatA hai aura una para manana kara sakatA hai| isa pustaka ko taiyAra karane meM bhaMDArI jI ne na kevala athaka parizrama kiyA hai balki use prakAzita karAke alpa mUlya para pAThakoM ko bhI upalabdha karAyA hai| aise sundara aura lokahitakArI grantha ke praNayana aura prakAzana ke lie zrI bhaMDArI jI ko hArdika bdhaaii| hindIsAhitya kI santakAvya paramparA ke pariprekSya meM AcArya vidyAsAgara ke kRtitva kA anuzIlana -lekhaka : DaoN0 bArelAla jaina, pRSTha 24+254; AkAraDimAI; prakAzaka- zrInimrantha sAhitya prakAzana samiti, pI-4, kalAkAra sTrITa, kalakattA 700007; prathama saMskaraNa, 1998 I0; mUlya 45 rUpaye mAtra. AcArya vidyAsAgara jI isa yuga ke mahAn santa kavi haiN| unakI lekhanI se vibhinna maulika kRtiyoM kA janma huA hai| AcArya zrI ke kRtitva para likhA gayA yaha prathama zodha prabandha hai jisa para zrI bArelAla jaina ko avadheza pratApa siMha vizvavidyAlaya, rIvA se pIeca0 DI0 kI upAdhi prApta huI hai| prastuta pustaka isI zodha prabandha kA mudrita rUpa hai| yaha pustaka nau adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai| prathama adhyAya meM santakAvya kI lambI paramparA meM AcArya vidyAsAgara ke sthAna ko nirdhArita kiyA gayA hai| dUsare adhyAya meM AcArya zrI ke vyaktitva para prakAza DAlate hue unake jIvana-sUtroM ko kramabaddha rUpa meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai| tRtIya adhyAya meM AcArya zrI kI racanAoM kA vivaraNa hai| caturtha adhyAya meM hindI kI saMtakAvya paramparA ke saMdarbha meM AcArya zrI kI racanAoM kA mUlyAMkana kiyA gayA hai| pAMcaveM adhyAya meM santakaviyoM kI bhAvabhUmi ko spaSTa karate hue AcArya zrI ke sAhitya meM varNita vibhinna pahaluoM kI vivecanA hai| chaThe adhyAya meM AcArya zrI ke sAhitya meM varNita kalApakSa kA adhyayana prastuta kiyA gayA hai| sAtaveM adhyAya meM AcArya zrI kI sphuTa aura adyAvadhi-aprakAzita kRtiyoM kA paricaya evaM unakA mUlyAMkana hai| AThaveM adhyAya meM AcArya zrI dvArA apane granthoM meM kiye gaye sAmAjika va dhArmika parivartanoM kI sthiti kI carcA hai| aMtima adhyAya AcArya zrI ke samagra sAhitya kA sAra hai| anta meM eka mahattvapUrNa pariziSTa bhI hai jisake antargata AcArya zrI ke mUlagranthoM ke sAtha-sAtha hindI, saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza aura aMgrejI granthoM evaM patra-patrikAoM kI sUcI bhI dI gayI hai| pustaka kI sAja-sajjA atyanta AkarSaka, nirdoSa mudraNa evaM pakke jildoM meM hone ke bAda bhI isakA mUlya atyadhika kama rakhA gayA haiM jo prakAzaka aura isake lie artha sahayogI zrAvaka kI udAratA kA paricAyaka hai| aise mahattvapUrNa pustaka ke praNayana, isake prakAzana aura alpa mUlya meM vitaraNa ke lie lekhaka, prakAzaka tathA artha sahayogI badhAI ke pAtra haiN| 40

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zramaNa / janavarI-mArca 1999 AtmAnveSI : (AcArya vidyAsAgara kA jIvana caritra) lekhaka : muni kSamAsAgara, prakAzaka- vidyA prakAzana maMdira, naI dillI, dvitIya saMskaraNa 1998 I0, pRSTha 120 ; AkAra - DimAI, mUlya 30 rupaye. prastuta pustaka ke lekhaka AcArya zrI vidyAsAgara jI ke antevAsI prabuddha lekhaka muni kSamAsAgara jI haiN| isameM unhoMne apane guru AcAryazrI kI jIvana gAthA ko unakI mAM ke mukha se varNita karAyA hai| isa pustaka kI lekhana zailI aisI hai ki mAnoM unakI mAtA hI sacamuca apane yazasvI putra kI jIvanagAthA hamAre samakSa kaha rahI haiM aura yahI lekhaka kI saphalatA kA sabase bar3A pramANa hai| cU~ki lekhaka AcArya zrI ke antevAsI haiM aura unheM guru ke nikaTa rahane aura bahuta kucha dekhane jAnane kA avasara milA hai, ataH ve unake jIvana se sambandhita aneka preraka ghaTanAoM ke sAkSI rahe haiN| isa pustaka meM AcArya zrI ke jIvanI ke pazcAt unase sambandhita preraka prasaMgoM kA saMkalana hai / sarvazreSTha ArTapepara para mudrita isa grantha kA mUlya 30 rUpayA rakhane ke lie prakAzana meM artha sahayogI zrAvakagaNa badhAI ke pAtra haiN| pustaka kI sAja-sajjA atyanta AkarSaka tathA mudraNa kalApUrNa evaM nirdoSa hai| pustaka meM AcArya zrI ke kaI sAde aura bahuraMgI citra bhI haiM, jo isake mahattva ko aura bhI dviguNita kara dete haiN| yaha pustaka sabhI ke lie paThanIya aura mananIya hai| Jaina Karmology : A Novel Publication : Dr. N. L. Jain, Jaina Kendra, Rewa, Parshvanath Vidyapith, Varanasi 1998; Price Rs.100/- (P.B. ) Rs. 150/- (H. B. )pp- 180. The PVRI, Varanasi is noted for its high level research and evaluative publications since 1950, which now exceed 110, Jaina Karmology is its recent publication which is the English translation of the Eight chapter of Tattvartha-raja-vartika of Akalanka. Besides the textual translation in question-answer style, the book also contains supplementary notes covering essential features of other commentaries of Tattvarthasutra along with the current view on many topics related with Psychology. Physiology, Sociology and other sciences in the Karma theory. The book emphasizes that Karmology has not only religious orientation but it could be applied to the day-to-day life. It could be expressed in terms of motivation and motives (2) needs or wants (3) transcendence and (4) satisfactory or otherwise representing mostly various forms of depending Karma. The object of life should be presized or psychical tranquility arising out of better thoughts and actions. The Karma theory enhances to minimise sinful Karmas and move more towards sacred Karmas. The introduction of the book is also thought

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 provoking Jaina Karmology is, in fact a compendium of all aspects of the Karma theory, with uniqueness in its critical and comparativelye valuvative approach. It is helped and comparitively evaluative approach. It is hoped that this will be liked by every scholarly and general reader who will realise that is only such book which are needed to day to promote Jainism on global scale. hindI jaina kathA sAhitya (kathAnaka rUr3hiyA~ aura kathA abhiprAya) - lekhaka - DaoN0 satya prakAza; prakAzaka - zrI pArzvanAtha digambara jaina maMdira, sabjImaMDI, dillI, prathama saMskaraNa 1993 I0; pRSTha 470; mUlya : x. kathA kahAnI dAdI nAnI kI jubAnI hama Adima kAla se sunate A rahe haiN| kathA sAhitya kI prAcInatama vidhA hai jo hajAroM varSoM taka kevala maukhika paramparA meM calatI rahI, isI lie isameM lokatattva, lokarUr3hiyA~, abhiprAya, lokavArtAyeM sarvAdhika prApta hotI haiN| saca pUchA jAye to binA kathAnaka, lokarUr3hiyA~ aura abhiprAyoM ko samajhe kathAsAhitya kA adhyayana kabhI pUrNa ho hI nahIM sktaa| isalie zodhakartA ne hindI jaina kathAsAhitya kA adhyayana kathAnaka rUr3hiyoM aura abhiprAyoM ke sAtha gambhIratA pUrvaka kiyA hai| prastuta grantha meM hindI bhASA meM vi0 saM0 kI 13vIM zatAbdI se 19 vIM zatAbdI taka racita jaina kathAoM ke abhiprAyoM kA adhyayana 4 adhyAyoM meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai| adhikatara kathAyeM padyabaddha haiM, kucha gadya aura gadya-padya donoM meM haiN| upalabdha-kathAoM kI saMkhyA 267 hai aura eka hI kathA ko alaga-alaga samaya meM vibhinna lekhakoM dvArA kaI bAra likhane se unakI saMkhyA bar3hakara 705 ho gayI hai| isameM lagabhaga 150 kathAoM kA kathAsAra hai / 27 prAkRta kathAoM ke tathA 10 apabhraMza kI kathAoM ke kathArUpa bhI diye gaye haiN| isake sAtha hI 112 hindI kathAoM ke kathArUpa alaga se diye gaye haiN| kathA, purANa, caupAI, rAsa, prabandha cAhe jo bhI nAma ho yA unameM jo bhI sUkSma tAtvika antara ho, para sarvatra eka kathA yA kahAnI avazya rahatI hai antara kevala abhivyaMjanA zailI kA hotA hai| sabake mUla meM koI choTI-bar3I bAta to rahatI hI hai| yadi koI kathA na ho to lekhaka yA kathAkAra kyA kahegA, isI liye bAta, vArtA, kathA, rAsa, carita, purANa sabhI kA mUlAdhAra bAta yA kathA hai| ina kathAoM meM kathA abhiprAyoM kA bharapUra prayoga upalabdha hotA hai| yaha vidhA pratyeka yuga meM manoraMjaka rahI hai| isa manoraMkatA ko utpanna karane vAle tattvoM meM kathAbhiprAyoM kA yoga mukhya hai| kAvya meM prayukta hone vAlI rUr3hiyoM ko 'kavisamaya' kahA jAtA hai kintu vizva ke kathAsAhitya meM prayukta hone vAlI kathAnaka rUr3hiyoM ko 'kathAbhiprAya' kahA jAtA hai| kathA meM rUr3hiyoM kA prayoga kisI prayojanavaza kiyA jAtA hai| use gatizIla banAne, nayA mor3a dene yA camatkAra utpanna karane

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 ke liye kathAbhiprAya kA mukhyaprayojana hotA hai, ata: unakA adhyayana prastuta kara ke lekhaka ne kathA sAhitya ke adhyayana ke eka apekSAkRta kama jJAta kSetra kA kSitija vistRta kiyA hai aura isake liye vaha sAdhuvAda kA pAtra hai| grantha ke prathama adhyAya (viSaya praveza) meM upalabdha hindI jaina kathA sAhitya kA ullekha hai| dvitIya adhyAya meM hindI jaina kathAoM ke lokakathArUpa kI carcA hai| tRtIya aura caturtha adhyAya lekhaka kI niSThApUrvaka zodhapravRtti kA paricaya prastuta karate haiM tRtIya adhyAya meM jaina sAhitya kI pramukha kathAnaka rUr3hiyoM kA anuzIlana kiyA gayA hai| isameM lagabhaga 2 hajAra kathAbhiprAyoM ko chAMTa kara usameM pramukha abhiprAyoM kA vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai| yaha mahattvapUrNa kArya atyanta zramasAdhya aura maulika hai| caturtha adhyAya kathAmAnaka rUpa hai| anta meM pariziSTa ke prArambha meM 276 kathAoM kI sUcI dekara lekhaka ne Age isa kSetra meM kArya karane vAle zodhakartAoM ke liye pracura sAmagrI pradAna kara dI hai| yaha grantha vastuta: upayogI aura prAmANika hai| lekhaka se apekSA hai ki vaha bhaviSya meM isI prakAra mAnaka granthoM dvArA jaina vAGmaya kI zrIvRddhi karate rheNge| DaoN0 zItakaMTha mizra pUrva prAcArya DI0 e0 bI0 DigrI kAleja vaaraannsii| zrIjainamahAgItA (vizuddha mokSamArga vacAnAmRta), lekhaka zrI jasakaraNa DAgA, pRSTha 50+362; prakAzaka- zrI jIva dayAmaNDala c/o DAgA sadana, saMghapurA; po0 ToMka; rAjasthAna, AkAra-DimAI, prathama saMskaraNa 1998; mUlya 25 rUpayA. prastuta grantha meM vidvAn lekhaka ne na kevala zvetAmbara aura digambara balki anya bhAratIya paramparAoM ko bhI AdhAra banAkara sampUrNa jainadarzana va adhyAtma ke upayogI prasaMgoM ko praznottara ke rUpa meM khar3I bolI meM utyanta udAra bhAva se prastuta karane kA saphala prayAsa kiyA hai| pustaka sabhI ke lie paThanIya aura mananIya haiM grantha kI sAjasajjA AkarSaka aura mudraNa truTirahita hai| aise upayogI grantha ke praNayana ke lie lekhaka badhAI ke pAtra haiN| e bI sI oNpha jainijma : zAMtilAla jaina; prakAzaka- jJAnodaya vidyApITha, bhopAla-madhyapradeza, prakAzana varSa - 1998 I0 sa0; pRSTha 5+69; mUlya 50 ruupye| AcArya vidyAsAgara jI mahArAja ke AcArya pada prApti ke 25veM varSa ke upalakSya meM muni kSamAsAgara kI preraNA aura unhIM ke nirdeza meM zrI zAMtilAla jaina ne AMgla bhASA meM isa sundara laghu pustikA kI racanA kI hai| isameM mAtA tathA putra-putrI ke madhya praznottara kI zailI meM jaina dharma-darzana ke vividha pahaluoM ko bar3e hI sundara DhaMga se pratipAdita kiyA

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zramaNa / janavarI-mArca / 1999 gayA hai| videzoM meM rahane vAle jaina parivAroM meM baccoM ko jaina dharma-darzana ke bAre meM isa pustaka se rocaka sAmagrI unhIM kI bhASA meM upalabdha karA kara lekhaka ne unakA mahAn upakAra kiyA hai| sarvazreSTha kAgaja para aneka ikaraMge citroM ke sAtha mudrita isa laghu pustikA kA videzoM meM paryApta prasAra hogaa| aise sundara pustaka ke prakAzana ke lie lekhaka aura prakAzaka donoM hI dhanyavAda ke pAtra haiN| sItAbhyudayam - rAmajI upAdhyAya, prakAzaka- bhAratIya saMskRti saMsthAnam, 357, mahAmanApurI; vArANasI- 221005; prathama saMskaraNa - 1998, pRSTha- 127, mUlya 50 rupaye. Adi kavi vAlmIki dvArA rAmAyaNa ke praNayana aura usameM sItA ke nirdoSa caritra ke bAvajUda usake sAtha honevAle anyAyapUrNa vyavahAra ko lekara pazcAtvartI kAvyadhArA meM ativyagratA dekhI jA sakatI hai| rAvaNa vadha ke pazcAt laMkA meM hI sItA kI agni parIkSA ke bAda bhI mAtra lokApavAda ke AdhAra para garbhavatI avasthA meM rAma dvArA tyAga kara vana meM besahArA chur3avA dene kI ghaTanA ko bAda ke rAmabhakta sudhI kavijana gale se nIce nahIM utAra pAye aura yahI kAraNa hai ki bAda kI racanAoM meM sItA ke prati kiye gaye rAma ke isa amAnavIya kRtya ko unhoMne bhinna-bhinna kalpanAoM se AveSThita kara mAnavIya rUpa dene kA prayAsa kiyaa| isI krama meM yadi bhavabhUti apane 'uttararAmacaritam' ke anta meM sItA kA rAma ke sAtha punarmilana karAkara rAma se mAnoM apane kRtya kA prAyazcitt karavAte dIkhate haiM vahIM jaina kaviyoM ne apanI racanAoM (paumacariya-vimalasUri evaM paumacariyaM svayaMbhU) meM sItA tyAga ke pazcAt rAma ko ghora vilApa aura pazcAtApa karate dikhalAyA hai| rAmAyaNa meM to rAma dvArA bAra-bAra avizvAsa kiye jAne aura anta meM bhI yaha kahe jAne para ki - "yadi sItA loka-samudAya ke sammukha apane caritra ko niSkalaMka pramANita kara de to maiM use svIkAra kara sakatA hU~"- sItA rAma ke prati niSThA kI duhAI dekara pRthvI se zaraNa mAMgatI hai aura tatkAla pRthvI se utpanna siMhAsana para ArUr3ha hokara pAtAla ko calI jAtI hai| (vAlmIki rAmAyaNa, sarga 97, zloka 13 - 17) / solahavIM zatI Ate-Ate 'tulasIdAsa' ko yaha ghaTanA itanI apriya lagI ki unhoMne 'rAmacaritamAnasa' meM isakA ullekha hI nahIM kiyA hai| rAma-sItA ke cAritraviSayaka kAvya paramparA meM zAnta rasa meM saMskRta bhASA aura sAhitya ke mUrdhanya vidvAn pro0 rAmajI upAdhyAya likhita adhunAtama kAvya 'sItAbhyudayam' nATaka hai| isameM praNetA ne sItA parityAga prakaraNa ko apanI kalpanA se eka nayA mor3a dekara usakA lokacaritra-nirmANa kI dizA meM upayoga kiyA hai| apanI kalpanA ke antargata nATakakAra ne vakrokti mArga apanAkara sItA - tyAga kI ghaTanA ko sItA kI sahamati se hI eka yojanAnusAra svayaM rAma dvArA sItA ke vanavAsa kI vyavasthA meM parivartita kara diyA hai| isa vanavAsa ko naitika AdhAra dene ke lie kavi 144

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 ne sItA ke hone vAle yugalaputroM kA janma-nakSatra brahmA dvArA 'abhuktamUla' nakSatra meM nirdhArita karavA diyA hai| jyotiSazAstra kI mAnyatA hai ki 'abhuktamUla' nakSatra meM utpanna bAlaka kA bAraha varSa taka mukhadarzana kuTumba ke sabhI logoM ke lie aniSTakArI hotA hai| svayaM vaziSTha rAma aura sItA se kahate haiM ki una baccoM kA lAlana-pAlana saMskArAdi aise sthAna para honA cAhie ki ve sambandhiyoM kI dRSTi se bace rheN| (sItAmyudayam, prathama evaM dvitIya aMka, pR0 8,12) / zAyada isI yojanA ke Agraha ke calate utpanna hue putradvaya kuza aura lava sampUrNa nATaka meM anupasthita haiM tAki sItA bhI unheM na dekha paaye| kathA ko isa prakAra mor3a diyA gayA hai ki isameM kaSTa aura asahajatA nahIM balki lokamaMgala kI bhAvanA pratibimbita hotI hai| nATaka ke prathama aMka meM prastAvanA ke bAda brahmaloka meM brahmA aura vaziSTha ke bIca maMtraNA hotI hai| vaziSTha brahmA ko bhRgu dvArA viSNu ko diye usa zApa kI yAda dilAte haiM jise viSNu dvArA bhugu kI patnI kI hatyA kara diye jAne para diyA gayA / isa zApa ke prabhAva se viSNu ko cirakAla taka patnI-viyoga sahanA thaa| rAma viSNu ke avatAra haiN| brahmA ise lokahita meM diyA zApa batAte haiM jisake kAraNa laMkA se vApasa Akara rAjyabhiSeka ke pazcAt sItA pahale vana meM rahakara vAlmIki ko rAmakathA likhane meM sahAyatA kareMgI aura asaMskRta hote jA rahe pAtAlavAsiyoM ke kalyANa ke lie varuNa aura pRthvI devI ke nirdezana meM vahA~ jAkara rAmacarita kA pracAra kara unheM susaMskRta patha para lgaayeNgii| dvitIya aMka meM brahmA kI yojanA ko vaziSTha svayaM ke darzanArtha Azrama meM Aye sItA aura rAma ko samajhAte haiN| sItA isa yojanA ko sunakara praphullita hotI haiN| tRtIya aMka meM tamasA taTa para avasthita vAlmIki ke Azrama meM rAma, sItA ke sAtha Akara muni se sItA kI paristhiti batAkara usake Azrama meM nivAsa kI yAcanA karate haiN| vAlmIki isa prastAva ko svIkAra kara rAma ko yaha rahasya batAte haiM ki ve aura sItA donoM pRthvI kI hI santAna haiM aura salilezvara nAga samrATa varuNa ne hI una donoM ko pAtAlavAsiyoM meM Arya-jIvana zailI ko pracArita karane ke lie bhArata meM rahakara Arya-jIvana-darzana ko AtmasAta karane kA Adeza diyA hai| aba sItA unheM rAmacarita likhane meM sahAyatA kreNgii| caturtha aMka meM Azrama meM sItA kI dinacaryA kA varNana hai| sItA ke AzramavAsa kI avadhi pUrNa ho gayI hai aura rAmAyaNa bhI pUrNa ho cukA hai| vaha gaMgA se yaha vara mAMgatI haiM ki "aba anyatra jahA~ kahIM rahU~, mujhe mAnavatA ko cAritrika dRSTi se pavitra banAne kI apanI pravRttiyoM meM saphalatA pradAna kreN|" (sItAbhyudayam, Amukha, pR0 8) / paMcama aMka meM varuNaloka meM samrATa varuNa pAtAlavAsiyoM dvArA apane pUrvajoM kA Adarza aura sanAtana saMskRti bhUlakara kAmavarga meM Asakta hone para apanI vyathA aura cintA pRthvI ko sunAte haiN| tabhI nArada Akara unheM sUcita karate haiM ki sItA apanI mahAzakti se sabhI lokoM ko sarvodaya patha para bar3hA cukI haiN| brahmA kA yaha saMdeza ve sunAne Aye haiN| isa para pRthvI sItA ke jIvana ke dAruNa du:kha aura viyoga

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 se da:khI hokara nArada para vyaMgyavANoM kA bauchAra karatI hai tathA yaha pachatI hai ki brahmA usakI putrI use kaba vApasa kara rahe haiN| nArada sAMtvanA dekara cale jAte haiN| isake pazcAt pravezaka meM vaikhAnasa vAlmIki, sItA aura rAma ke abhinaMdanArtha Aye atithiyoM ke svAgata-vyavasthA kI sUcanA detA hai| sItA aba jAne vAlI hai isakI carcA bhI hai| SaSTa aMka meM mAtRbhUmi kI vaMdanA ke pazcAt varuNa rAma se sItA ko pAtAla loka jAne dene kA nivedana karate haiM jise rAma loka hita meM svIkAra kara lete haiM aura vAlmIki vidyApITha kA rasAtala meM sthAnAntaraNa hotA hai| nATakakAra ne Arambha meM vistRta 'Amukha' likhakara viSaya ko spaSTa karate hue vibhinna granthoM kA saMdarbha dekara vRhattara bhArata meM sammilita laMkA aura baMgAla kI khAr3I ke hinda-prazAnta mahAsAgara meM avasthita dvIpoM ko pAtAlaloka siddha kiyA hai| vidita hai ki isa kSetra ke dvIpa-dezoM meM bhAratIya sAmrAjya itihAsa meM vidyamAna rahe haiM jinheM vRhattara bhArata ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| bhAratIya saMskRti kA vistAra ina dezoM meM jo huA, vaha abhI taka vidyamAna hai, yahA~ bar3I saMkhyA meM bhAratIya devI-devatAoM ke maMdira haiM tathA purANa kathAeM loka-pracArita haiN| kaMboDiyA kA vizvaprasiddha aMkoravATa maMdira isI zrRMkhalA meM hai| borniyo kA sambandha varuNa ke rAjya se jor3A jAtA hai| "to saniye! bhArata ke dakSiNapUrva dizA meM sImAnta-pradeza ke mahAsAgara meM bahutere dvIpa haiM jinake samrATa rAjarAjezvara varuNa haiN| varuNa nAgaloka ke samrATa haiN|" (sItAbhyudayam, tRtIya aMka, pR0 16) nATaka ke paMcama aMka meM putrI sItA ke du:kha ke lie mAtA pRthvI kI cintA to samajha meM AtI hai, para sItA ke apane patigRha se vApasa bulAne kI pRthvI kI vyAkulatA samajha meM nahIM aatii| bhAratIya saMskRti kI yaha dhAraNA hai ki kanyA pitA kula meM pati kI dharohara hai, tathA usakA sarvamaMgala pati ke sAtha rahane meM hI hai| (abhijJAnazAkuntalam 4-22) kAlidAsa ke 'kaNva' jahA~ zakuntalA ko vipatti kI AzaMkA ke bAvajUda pati ke sAtha usake rahane meM hI usakA maMgala mAnate haiM vahA~ pRthvI kA sItA ke vApasa Ane meM ho rahI dera ke kAraNa nArada para uttejita honA aTapaTA sA lagatA hai| nATaka meM yadyapi nimna zreNI ke pAtroM kA abhAva hai phira bhI strI pAtra aura vaikhAnasa maujUda haiN| nATyazAstra ke anusAra strI pAtroM kI bhASA prAkRta honI cAhie, vahA~ prastuta nATaka meM pRthvI, sItA aura sItA kI sahAyaka sakhiyoM kI bhASA saMskRta rakhanA nATyazAstra ke anurUpa nahIM hai| bhavabhUti ke nATaka uttararAmacarita meM bhI sItA zaurasenI prAkRta meM hI bAta karatI haiN| sItAbhyudayam meM prAkRta kA abhAva khaTakatA hai| uttararAmacaritam kI taraha hI isameM bhI vidUSaka kI anupasthiti nATaka kI gambhIratA ko vyakta karatA hai| -atula kumAra pra0siMha zodha-chAtra jaina-bauddha darzana vibhAga kA0hi0vi0vi0, vArANasI

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 zramaNa mahAvIra kA kaivalyopalabdhi sthala - kumbhAriyA (jambhiyA) (eka tathyaparaka saMbhAvanA) lekhaka - DaoN0 ema0 ela0 boharA, riTAyarDa esosieTa prophesara, ke 4/5, zivAjI nagara, jAlaura; prakAzana varSa 1999I0, pRSTha 16, AkAraDabala DimAI; mUlya - prastuta pustaka meM vidvAn lekhaka ne mahAvIra ke kaivalya prApti sthAna RjuvAlikA nadI ke taTa aura usake nikaTa sthita jambhiya grAma ko rAjasthAna prAnta meM sthita kumbhAriyA aura RjuvAlikA nadI ko vahIM nikaTa meM baha rahI jhuMphAlI nadI se samIkRta kiyA hai| isa sambandha meM unhoMne paryApta vivecana kara apane tarka upasthita kiye haiN| unakA spaSTa kathana hai ki mahAvIra ke jIvana se sambandhita sthaloM ko mAtra magadha aura usake AsapAsa hI khojane kI pravRtti rahI hai, jaba ki unase sambandhita aneka sthala pazcima bhArata meM avasthita haiN| lekhaka ke vicAroM se hama kitanI sahamati rakhate haiM yaha alaga viSaya hai kintu unake tarkoM se hameM isa sambandha meM eka navIna dRSTi milatI hai, isameM saMdeha nahIM hai| aise zodha-paraka tathyoM ke saMkalana evaM prakAzana ke liye DaoN0 boharA badhAI ke pAtra haiN| munisuvratakAvyam : sampAdaka aura anuvAdaka - pro0 sudarzana lAla jaina; prakAzaka - siMghaI ToDaramala jaina C/o svAstika lAima iNDasTrIja, zivadhAma, sTezana roDa, kaTanI-madhyapradeza 483501; prathama saMskaraNa 1997 I0, AkAra - DimAI; pRSTha 340; mUlya 200 rUpaye mAtra. mahAkavi arhaddAsa kRta munisuvratakAvyam kA sarvaprathama prakAzana jaina siddhAnta bhavana, ArA (bihAra prAnta) se 1929 I0 meM huA thaa| ukta grantha lambe samaya se anupalabdha thA, sAtha hI sAtha usameM aneka truTiyAM bhI thIM ata: siMghaI ToDaramala jI ke Agraha para jaina vidyA ke labdha pratiSThita vidvAn aura kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRta vibhAga ke pUrva adhyakSa pro0 sudarzana lAla jaina ne atyanta zramapUrvaka na kevala isa grantha kA naye sire se sampAdana kiyA balki usakI saMskRta TIkA aura hindI anuvAda bhI prastuta kiyA hai| grantha ke prArambha meM unhoMne 51 pRSThoM kI atyanta mahattvapUrNa prastAvanA bhI likhI hai, jo unakI asAdhAraNa vidvattA kA paricAyaka hai| isameM unhoMne jaina saMskRta kAvya sAhitya, pramukha saMskRta kAvya aura kAvyakAra tathA munisuvratakAvya ke racanAkAra kA vistRta paricaya dete hue ukta kAvya ke kathAvastu, kAvyaracanA kA hetu, munisuvrata mahAkAvya kA mahAkAvyatva, chaMda yojanA, alaMkAra yojanA, bhASA, caritracitraNa Adi kI bhI savistAra carcA kI hai| isake pazcAt mUlakAvya, usakI saMskRta TIkA aura usake nIce hindI anuvAda bhI diyA gayA hai| aMta meM pariziSTa ke antargata padyAnukramaNikA bhI dI gayI hai jisase pustaka kA mahattva aura bhI bar3ha jAtA hai| sampAdaka mahodaya dvArA prastAvanA meM dI gayI kucha bAteM avazya saMzodhanIya haiM, jaise pRSTha 32 para jayantavijayamahAkAvya ke racanAkAra abhayadeva sUri

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 ko candragacchIya jinezvara sUri kA ziSya batAyA gayA hai jabaki unake guru kA nAma vijayacandra sUri thA aura ve kharataragaccha se alaga huI zAkhA rudrapallIyagaccha ke the| jayantavijayakAvya kI prazasti meM inhoMne apanI vistRta guru-paramparA dI hai, jo isa prakAra hai: vardhamAna sUri jinezvara sUri abhayadeva sUri 'prathama' (navAGgITIkAkAra) jinavallabha sUri jinazekhara sUri (rudrapallIyagaccha ke AdipuruSa) padyacandra sUri vijayacandra sUri abhayadeva sUri 'dvitIya (vi0 saM0 1278 meM jayantavijayakAvya ke racanAkAra) isa prakAra jayantavijayamahAkAvya ke kartA abhayadeva sUri aura jinezvara sUri ke ziSya navAGgIvRttikAra abhayadeva sUri ke madhya 5 pIr3hiyoM kA antara spaSTa hai| sAtha hI sAtha vardhamAna sUri, unake ziSya jinezvara sUri aura praziSya abhayadeva sUri (navAGgIvRttikAra) candragaccha ke nahIM apitu candrakula ke the aura yahI candrakula hI Age calakara candragaccha ke rUpa meM vikhyAt huaa| abhayadeva sUri ke praziSya aura jinavallabha sUri ke ziSya jinazekhara sUri se kharataragaccha kI eka upazAkhA-rudrapallIyagaccha astittva meM aayii| isI paramparA meM jayantavijayakAvya ke kartA ukta abhayadeva sUri 'dvitIya hue| isI prakAra pRSTha 35 para zreNikacarita ke racanAkAra jinaprabha sari ko laghukharataragacchIya tathA unake guru jinasiMha sUri ko candragacchIya batalAyA gayA hai jabaki jinasiMha sUri candragacchIya nahIM apitu kharataragacchIya the aura unhIM se kharataragaccha kI eka naI upazAkhA (kharataragaccha-laghuzAkhA) astittva meM AyI thii|

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 vastuta: eka hI nAma vAle vibhinna AcAryoM ke hone tathA unakI paramparA sambandhI prAya: alpa vivaraNa upalabdha hone ke kAraNa aisA bhrama utpanna ho jAnA asvAbhAvika nahIM hai| grantha kA mudraNa truTirahita tathA sAjasajjA AkarSaka hai| aise mahattvapUrNa grantha ke sampAdana, TIkA tathA hindI anuvAda ke lie DaoN0 jaina badhAI ko badhAI dete hue hama unase apekSA karate haiM ki ve bhaviSya meM isI prakAra prAcIna jaina sAhitya ko prakAza meM lAte rheNge| sAbhAra prApta 1. zrI laghu samayasAra vidhAna-lekhaka- zrI rAjamala pavaiyA; saMpA0-DaoN0 devendra kumAra zAstrI ; prakAzaka - zrI bharata pavaiyA 44, ibrAhimapurA; bhopAla; madhya-pradeza, prathama saMskaraNa; akTUbara 1998 I0; AkAra-DimAI, pRSTha 4+76; mUlya-8 rUpaye. 2. zrIbhaktAmara vidhAna - lekhaka evaM saMpA0 tathA prakAzaka-pUrvokta; tRtIya saMskaraNa; akTUbara 1998 I0; pRSTha 4+92; mUlya-9 rUpaye mAtra.. 3. zrIbRhad svayambhU stotra vidhAna- lekhaka; saMpA0 evaM prakAzaka-pUrvokta; prathama saMskaraNa- akTUbara 1998 I0; pR0 22+234; mUlya- 25 rUpaye. 88888

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vaktA tArIkha 06-01-98 zrI sajjanabhAI talATI 16-01-98 zrI manaharabhAI zAha 07-10-98 munizrI naMdighoSa vijayajI ma0sA0 17-11-98 DaoN0 jitendrabhAI zAha 15-12-98 pUjya zrI citrabhAnujI 26-12-98 DaoN0 sAgaramala jaina 17-2-99 zrI navalabhAI zAha /janavarI-mArca 1999 jaina jagata jainavidyA vyAkhyAnamAlA sampanna antarrASTrIya jainavidyA adhyayana kendra, gujarAta vidyApITha dvArA Ayojita vyAkhyAna mAlA meM nimnalikhita vidvAnoM ke vyAkhyAna sampanna hue viSaya zramaNa/ 150 jainadarzana meM AtmA aura karmavAda mahAvIrasvAmI kA arthazAstra kvAnTamavAda aura jainadarzana yoga : jainadarzana ke pariprekSya meM vartamAna saMdarbha meM jainadarzana kA mahattva anekAntavAda sAmprata samayanI vaizvika paristhiti ane jainadarzana videza ke vidyArthiyoM ke liye jainavidyA kA paricayalakSI abhyAsakrama sampanna antarrASTrIya jaina vidyA kendra, gujarAta vidyApITha, ahamadAbAda dvArA jaina darzana saMskRti ke kSetra meM zikSaNa aura saMzodhana kI paramparA ko sudRr3ha karane ke lie 13 disambara, 1998 se 10 janavarI, 1999 taka videza ke vidyArthiyoM ke liye eka paricayalakSI abhyAsakrama kA Ayojana kiyA gyaa| isa abhyAsakrama kA udghATana 13 disambara 1998 ko subaha 9.30 baje mahAdeva desAI mahAvidyAlaya ke upAsanAkhaMDa meM vidvAn saMtazrI citrabhAnujI, gujarAta vidhAnasabhA ke adhyakSa zrI dhIrUbhAI zAha, pUjya zrI AtmAnaMdajI, gujarAta vidyApITha ke kulapati zrI rAmalAlabhAI parIkha, kulanAyaka zrI govindabhAI rAvala, DaoN0 manaharabhAI zAha Adi mahAnubhAvoM kI upasthiti meM sampanna huaa| isa abhyAsa krama meM videza ke tIna vidyArthI zAmila hue the| jainadharma kA itihAsa aura saMskRti, jaina AcAra aura paramparA, jaina tatvajJAna tathA Adhunika vizva aura jainavidyAina cAra abhyAsakramoM ke adhyApanakArya ke liye DaoN0 sAgaramala jaina, DaoN0 pramodAbahana, DaoN0 rAmajI siMha, DaoN0 bhAgacanda jaina, DaoN0 sI0 vI0 rAvala, DaoN0 ena0 ema0 kaMsArA, DaoN0 pUrNimAbahana mahetA, DaoN0 sAdhanAbahana vorA, DaoN0 reNulAla Adi vidvAn prAdhyApakoM kA sahayoga prApta huaa| isa abhyAsakrama ke saMdarbha meM vidyArthiyoM ke lie tAraMgA, kobA, AbU, delavADA, kuMbhAriyAjI Adi jaina tIrthoM aura kalA sthApatya ke paricaya kI dRSTi se zaikSaNika pravAsa kA bhI Ayojana kiyA gayA thaa|

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zramaNa janavarI-mArca/1999 ___ 4 janavarI, 1999 ke dina DaoN0 rAmajI siMha kI adhyakSatA meM 'yogasAdhanA : anadarzana ke pariprekSya meM' viSaya para eka antarrASTrIya saMgoSThI kA Ayojana bhI haA, jisameM sthAnIya aura anya vidvAnoM ke sAtha videza ke tIna vidyArthiyoM ne bhI utsAha se bhAga liyaa| prakAzita jaina sAhitya kA sUcIkaraNa indaura : 1 janavarI - kundakunda jJAnapITha, indaura aura satzruta prabhAvanA TrasTa, bhAvanagara ke saMyukta tattvAvadhAna meM 1 janavarI 1999 se eka saMyukta pariyojanA kA prArambha kiyA gayA hai jisake antargata aba taka prakAzita jaina sAhitya kA saMgaNaka dvArA sUcIkaraNa kiyA jaayegaa| pariyojanA ke adhikAriyoM ne isa sambandha meM sabhI vidvAnoM, prakAzakoM, pustakAlayoM evaM vibhinna jaina zodha saMsthAoM se sahayoga pradAna karane kA vinamra Agraha bhI kiyA hai| __ apabhraMza sAhitya akAdamI (janavidyA saMsthAna, digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrImahAvIra jI) praveza sUcanA digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrImahAvIra jI dvArA saMcAlita apabhraMza sAhitya bhakAdamI dvArA "patrAcAra prAkRta sarTiphikeTa pAThyakrama" prArambha kiyA jA rahA hai| satra 1 julAI, 1999 se prArambha hogaa| isameM prAkRta saMskRta, hindI evaM anya bhASAoM/viSayoM ke prAdhyApaka apabhraMza, prAkRta zodhArthI evaM saMsthAnoM meM kAryarata vidvAn sammilita ho skeNgeN| niyamAvalI evaM Avedana patra dinAMka 1 mArca, se 15 mArca, 1999 taka akAdamI kAryAlaya, digambara jaina nasiyA~ bhaTTArakajI, savAI rAmasiMha roDa, jayapura-4 se prApta kreN| kAryAlaya meM Avedana patra pahuMcane kI antima tArikha 30 apraila, 1999 hai| jaina ekeDamIja iNTaranezanala pheDarezana kA saMvidhAna svIkRta ___ mumbaI - 1 janavarI : zrI sI0 ena0 saMghavI, TrasTI, jaina ekeDamI kI adhyakSatA meM sthAnIya samrATa hoTala meM jaina ekeDamI aura anya jaina saMgaThanoM ke padAdhikAriyoM kI eka Avazyaka baiThaka sampanna huI, jisameM DaoN0 lakSmImala siMghavI, zrI dIpacanda bhAI gArDI, zrI dhIraja bhAI zAha, zrI nemubhAI candariyA, DaoN0 kumArapAla desAI, zrI kIrtibhAI dozI, zrI maNibhAI zAha Adi 56 viziSTa logoM ne bhAga liyaa| isa avasara para jaina ekeDamIja iNTaranezanala pheDarezana ke saMvidhAna ko ekamata se svIkAra kiyA gayA tathA anya mahattvapUrNa nirNaya bhI liye gye| padamapurA meM paMcakalyANaka pratiSThA mahotsava sAnanda sampanna jayapura ke nikaTa sthita padamapurA ke zrI digambara jaina atizaya kSetra meM gata 31 151

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 janavarI se 5 pharavarI taka paramapUjya muni zrI sudhAsAgara jI mahArAja ke pAvana sAnidhya meM cAturdika jinAlaya evaM mAnastambha jinabimba paMcakalyANaka pratiSThA mahotsava vibhiH AyojanoM ke sAtha sAnanda sampanna huaa| samAroha ke aMtima dina 5 pharavarI ko vizAlaM gajaratha yAtrA sampanna huI aura mAnastambha va cAturdika jinAlayoM kA abhiSeka kiyA gyaa| isa dina pradeza ke mukhyamaMtrI zrI azoka gahalota tathA anya viziSTa janoM kA bhI yahAM Agamana huaa| dinAMka 7 pharavarI ko ina AyojanoM se jur3e kAryakartAoM kA sammAna kiyA gayA aura unheM smRti cinha tathA bhagavAn padmaprabha kA bhavya evaM vizAla citra bhI bheMTa kiyA gyaa| isa avasara para zrI digambara jaina tIrtha kSetra rakSA kameTI ke adhyakSa sAhU zrI azoka kumAra jaina ke asAmayika nidhana para unheM hArdika zraddhAJjali bhI arpita kI gyii| ahiMsA krAnti janasabhA sampanna / yuvA saMta muni zrI taruNasAgara jI mahArAja evaM muni zrI pulakasAgara jI mahArAja ke pAvana sAnidhya meM deharAdUna meM di07 pharavarI 1999 ko ahiMsA krAnti kA Ayojana kiyA gyaa| sthAnIya jaina samAja dvArA Ayojita isa vizAla janasabhA meM Asa-pAsa ke kSetroM aneka ahiMsA premI santoM, vidvAnoM evaM buddhijIviyoM ne sakriya rUpa se bhAga liyaa| isa avasara para saMsada sadasya zrI kRSNalAla zarmA, upAdhyakSa evaM pravaktA - bhAratIya janatA pArTI tathA deharAdUna va maMsUrI ke vidhAyaka gaNa bhI vizeSa rUpa se upasthita rhe| puNe meM rASTrIya jaina sammelana sampanna puNe - 13-14 pharavarI : puNe ke pragatizIla sAmAjika saMgaThana 'jaina sahayoga' ke tattvAvadhAna meM puNe meM zanivAra di. 13 pharavarI ko Jain Action-99 ke nAma se rASTrIya jaina sammelana kA Ayojana kiyA gyaa| zrI milinda phaDe ke saMyojakatva meM Ayojita kAryakrama ke dUsare dina vara-vadhU sammelana kA bhI kAryakrama saphalatA pUrvaka sampanna huaa| kSullaka jinendravarNI smRti vyAkhyAnamAlA - 98 indaura - 19 disamvara 1998 : kundakunda jJAnapITha, indaura ke tattvAvadhAna meM di0 19 disambara ko kSullaka zrI jinendravarNI kI smRti meM eka divasIya vyAkhyAnamAlA -98 kA Ayojana kiyA gyaa| isameM mukhya vaktA ke rUpa meM magadha vizvavidyAlaya, bodha gayA ke kulapati pro0 balabIra siMha bhasIna ne vartamAna yuga meM jainadharma ke siddhAntoM kI upayogitA para vyAkhyAna diyaa| kAryakrama kI adhyakSatA cau0 caraNasiMha vizvavidyAlaya, meraTha ke kulapati pro0 durgAprasAda tivArI ne kii| isa avasara para bhAgalapura vizvavidyAlaya, vIrakuMvara siMha vizvavidyAlaya, darabhaMgA vizvavidyAlaya aura maisUra vizvavidyAlaya ke kulapati tathA bar3I saMkhyA meM samAja ke prabuddhajana upasthita the|

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 AditIrthaMkara bhagavAn RSabhadeva : zikSA ... evaM darzana - rASTrIya saMgoSThI sampanna kurukSetra - 18 janavarI : AryikArala, gaNinI pramukha jJAnamatI mAtA jI kI preraNA se saMskRta evaM prAcya vidyA saMsthAna, kurukSetra vizvavidyAlaya, kurukSetra dvArA bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke nirvANa divasa ke upalakSya meM 16-17 janavarI 1999 ko dvidivasIya rASTrIya saMgoSThI kA Ayojana kiyA gayA / upAdhyAya zrI gupti sAgara jI mahArAja ke sAnidhya meM cale do dinoM kI isa saMgoSThI meM deza ke pramukha vidvAnoM dvArA kula 23 zodhapatra prastuta kiye gye| isa avasara para upAdhyAya zrI ne vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRta evaM prAcya vidyA saMsthAna meM jaina adhyayana kendra kI sthApanA meM Arthika sahayoga dene hetu eka TrasTa ke gaThana kI ghoSaNA kii| isa TrasTa meM 10 lAkha rUpaye ke aMzadAna kI jaina samAja dvArA tatkAla ghoSaNA kI gyii| indaura meM kundakunda jJAnapITha vyAkhyAnamAlA sampanna indaura-22 pharavarI : kundakunda jJAnapITha, indaura dvArA Ayojita 11vIM vArSika vyAkhyAnamAlA di0 20 pharavarI ko Ayojita kI gyii| tilakAmAMjhI bhAgalapura vizvavidyAlaya ke kulapati pro0 zailendranAtha zrIvAstava ne isa vyAkhyAnamAlA kI adhyakSatA kI / DaoN0 bhAgacanda jaina 'bhAskara', nAgapura vizvavidyAlaya ne 'vartamAna yuga meM jainadharma' viSaya para apane vicAra vyakta kiye / isa kAryakrama meM bar3I saMkhyA meM sthAnIya vidvAn upasthita rhe| ahiMsA iNTaranezanala ke 1998 ke vArSika puraskAra ke pariNAma ghoSita prasiddha gAMdhIvAdI lekhaka zrI yazapAla jaina kI adhyakSatA meM gaThita ahiMsA inTaranezanala kI cayana samiti dvArA vArSika puraskAroM (varSa 1998) ke ghoSita pariNAma isa prakAra haiM : 1. ahiMsA inTaranezanala DipTImala AdIzvara lAla jaina sAhitya puraskAra 310000/ viziSTa vidvAn DaoN0 devendra kumAra jaina zAstrI, niimc| jaina sAhitya meM zodha evaM saMzodhana vaishisstty| 2. ahiMsA inTaranezanala bhagavAnadAsa zobhAlAla jaina vizeSa zAkAhAra puraskAra - 150000 / pratiSThita vidvAna, cintaka evaM lekhaka DA0 nemIcanda jaina, indaur| saMpAdaka, "tIrthaMkara" evaM "shaakaahaar-kraanti"| ahiMsA, zAkAhAra evaM jIvarakSA para virATa lekhana, cintana evaM mAnasika cetanA jAgaraNa vaishisstty| 3. ahiMsA inTaranezanala bhagavAnadAsa zobhAlAla jaina zAkAhAra puraskAra- 11000ru0/

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 karmaTha, niSThAvAna, AndolanakArI kAryakartA zrI surezacanda jaina, jblpur| 4. ahiMsA inTaranezanala raghubIra siMha jaina jIvarakSA puraskAra-110000/ niDara, karmaTha, niSThAvAna AndolanakArI kAryakartA zrI muhammada zaphIka khAna, saagr| 5. ahiMsA inTaranezanala golDanajubalI phAuMDezana patrakAritA puraskAra-51000/ DA0 nIlama jaina , shaarnpur| jaina mahilAdarza kI pradhAna saMpAdikA evaM samAjasevI, viduSI patrakAra, lekhaka, vaktA evaM saphala kAryakrama sNyojk| puraskAra mArca/apraila 1999 meM naI dillI meM bheMTa kiye jaaeNge| zrI gaNeza prasAda varNI smRti sAhitya puraskAra zrI syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya, bhadainI, vArANasI kI ora se apane saMsthApaka pUjya zrI gaNeza prasAda jI varNI kI smRti meM varSa 1999 ke puraskAra ke liye jainadharma-darzana, siddhAnta, sAhitya, samAja, saMskRti, bhASA evaM itihAsaviSayaka maulika, sRjanAtmaka, cintana, anusaMdhAnAtmaka, zAstrIya paramparA yukta kRti para puraskArArtha 4 pratiyA~ 30 apraila 99 taka AmaMtrita haiN| isa puraskAra meM 5001/- rUpayA tathA prazasti patra diyA jaayegaa| 1996 ke bAda prakAzita pustakeM hI isameM sammilita kI jaayegii| niyamAvalI nimna pate para upalabdha hai| (DA0 phUlacanda jaina "premI") saMyojaka, zrI varNI smRti sAhitya puraskAra samiti zrI syAdvAda mahAvidyAlaya, bhadainI, vArANasI paMcAla zodha saMsthAna, kAnapura kA terahavAM sammelana kAyamagaMja meM 13-14 mArca 1999 : paMcAla zodha saMsthAna, kAnapura kA terahavAM vArSika adhivezana kAyamagaMja, jilA pharrukhAbAda, uttarapradeza meM di0 13-14 mArca 1999 ko Ayojita kiyA gayA jisameM bar3I saMkhyA meM vidvAnoM ke bhAga lene kI sUcanA milI hai| isa adhivezana meM kSetra kI viziSTa vibhUtiyoM ko paMcAlaratna, paMcAlabhUSaNa, paMcAlazrI evaM sAhityavAridhi ke alaMkaraNoM se sammAnita kiyA gyaa| mahAn sAhityapremI aura prasiddha udyogapati zrI hajArImala jI bAMThiyA kI preraNA se bhArata aura iTalI kI sarakAroM ke sahayoga se isI varSa se paMcAla janapada kI rAjadhAnI kAmpilya (kaMpila) meM bar3e paimAne para 4 varSIya utkhanana kArya bhI Arambha hone jA rahA hai| bhArata aura iTalI ke zIrSastha purAtattvavidoM ke nirdeza meM prArambha ho rahe isa utkhanana se bhAratIya sabhyatA ke itihAsa para navIna prakAza par3ane kI pUrI saMbhAvanA hai| DaoN0 zailendra rastogI jJAnodaya puraskAra - 98 se sammAnita zrImatI zAMtAdevI ratanalAlajI bobarA kI smRti meM zrI sUrajamala jI bobarA dvArA varSa 1998 meM kundakunda jJAnapITha, indaura ke mAdhyama se itihAsa evaM purAtattva ke kSetra

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/ 1999 meM maulika zodha ko protsAhana dene hetu jJAnodaya puraskAra kI sthApanA kI gayI hai| varSa .1998 ke puraskAra hetu rAmakathA saMgrahAlaya, ayodhyA ke pUrva nidezaka, prasiddha vidvAn DaoN0 zailendra kumAra rastogI kI kRti - jainadharma kalAprANa RSabhadeva aura unake abhilekhIya sAkSya ko cunA gayA hai| kundakunda jJAnapITha dvArA zIghra Ayojita hone vAle samAroha meM DaoN0 rastogI ko 5 hajAra rUpaye nakada aura prazasti patra puraskAra ke rUpa meM pradAna kara sammAnita kiyA jaayegaa| zrI a0 bhA0 sAdhumArgI jaina saMgha, bIkAnera ke antargata sva0 pradIpa kumAra rAmapuriyA smRti sAhitya puraskAra evaM sva0 campAlAla sAMr3a smRti sAhitya puraskAra pratiyogitA 1998-99 ( sva0 pradIpa kumAra rAmapuriyA smRti sAhitya puraskAra meM puraskRta kI jAne vAlI racanAeM) jaina dharma aura darzana, jaina itihAsa, kalA evaM saMskRti tathA jaina sAhitya (kAvya, kathA, nibandha, nATaka, saMsmaraNa evaM jIvanI) Adi ke sambandha meM likhita koI bhI maulika grantha / (sva0 campAlAla sAMDa sAhitya puraskAra meM puraskRta kI jAne vAlI racanAeM) naitikatA, sadAcAra, saMskRti sambandhita kisI bhI upAdhi sApekSa evaM upAdhi nirapekSa likhita zodha prabandha, zodha samIkSA, kathA evaM sampAdita-anuvAdita grantha / puraskAra hetu prakAzita athavA aprakAzita donoM hI prakAroM kI kRtiyA~ prastuta kI jA sakatI haiN| janavarI 1993 se pUrva prakAzita kRtiyA~ ina puraskAroM het svIkAra nahIM kI jaayeNgii| kRtiyA~ hindI, aMgrejI yA gujarAtI-kisI bhI bhASA meM honI caahie| kRtiyA~ bhejane kI aMtima tithi 28 pharavarI 1999 hai| puraskAra hetu aprakAzita yA prakAzita kRtiyoM kI cAra-cAra pratiyA~ bhejanI Avazyaka hai| prakAzita kRtiyA~ lauTAI nahIM jaayeNgii| cayanita kRti para usake lekhaka ko sva0 pradIpa kumAra rAmapuriyA smRti sAhitya puraskAra svarUpa 51000/- rUpaye nakada aura prazasti patra diye jaayeNge| sva0 zrI campAlAla sAMDa puraskAra prApta kRti ke lekhaka ko bhI isI prakAra utanI hI dhanarAzi aura prazastipatra pradAna kiyA jaayegaa| kRtiyA~ nimnalikhita pate para bhejeM - DaoN0 sureza sisodiyA prabhArI evaM zodha adhikArI Agama, ahiMsA-samatA evaM prAkRta saMsthAna padminI mArga, rANApratApanagara udayapura - rAjasthAna 313002

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 zrI sohanarAja chAjer3a 'insTITyUTa oNpha cArTarDa ekAuNTeMTsa Apha iMDiyA' ke adhyakSa nirvAcita deza ke jAne-mAne cArTarDa ekAuNTeMTa zrI sohanarAja (esa0pI0) chAjer3a ko varSa 1999-2000 ke lie 'insTITyUTa oNpha cArTarDa ekAunTeTsa Apha iMDiyA kA' adhyakSa niyukta kiyA gayA hai| mUlata: pAlI (rAjasthAna) ke rahane vAle 60 varSIya zrI chAjer3a kAmarsa ke snAtaka haiM / Apane ela-ela0 bI0 kiyA hai aura epha0 sI0 e0 haiN| adhyakSa-pada para niyukti se pUrva Apa uparokta saMsthA ke upAdhyakSa rahe haiN| zrI chAjer3a kI isa gauravapUrNa upalabdhi para hama pArzvanAtha vidyApITha parivAra ke sadasya unakA hArdika abhinaMdana karate haiN| zoka samAcAra DaoN0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla kA nidhana jayapura - 4 disambara : jaina vidyA ke ananya upAsaka DaoN0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla kA jayapura meM di0 3 disambara ko nidhana ho gyaa| prAcIna pANDulipiyoM kI khoja; unakA saMrakSaNa, sUcIkaraNa, anuvAda evaM unake adhyayana meM pUrNa samarpita DaoN0 kAsalIvAla ne 35 se adhika granthoM kI racanA kii| isake atirikta 200 se adhika lekha evaM vibhinna smArikAoM evaM abhinandana granthoM kA unhoMne sampAdana kA kArya bhI kiyaa| pArzvanAtha vidyApITha kI ora se DaoN0 kAsalIvAla ko hArdika shrddhaaNjli| sAhU azoka kumAra jaina divaMgata naI dillI - 5 pharavarI : digambara jaina samAja ke sarvamAnya netA, deza ke pramukha udyogapati, anekoM dhArmika aura sAmAjika saMsthAoM ke saMrakSaka sAhU azoka kumAra jaina kA dinAMka 5 pharavarI ko kvIvalaiNDa (amerikA) meM nidhana ho gyaa| Apa kucha samaya se gambhIra rUpa se asvastha the| Apake nidhana se na kevala jaina samAja balki deza kI apUraNIya kSati huI hai| pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama parivAra sva0 zrI sAhU jI ke nidhana para unheM hArdika zraddhAMjali arpita karatA hai| DaoN0 nathamala TAMTiyA nahIM rahe kalakattA - 21 pharavarI : zramaNa vidyA ke mUrdhanya vidvAn, vizvavizruta dArzanika aura pArzvanAtha vidyApITha ke prathama zodha-chAtra DaoN0 nathamala TAMTiyA kA zanivAra 20 pharavarI ko kalakattA meM svargavAsa ho gyaa| Apa pichale kucha dinoM se asvastha the|

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 apane jIvana ke aMtima samaya taka Apa zramaNa vidyA ke adhyayana aura zodha meM lage rhe| Apa ekamAtra aise vidvAn the jinakI jaina aura bauddha dharma donoM meM samAna rUpa se talasparzI paiTha thii| deza-videza meM zramaNa vidyA ke adhyayana prati logoM meM ruci paidA karane ke liye Apane athaka parizrama kiyaa| pArzvanAtha vidyApITha ke prati ApakA vizeSa sneha rahA hai| Apa vibhinna avasaroM para prAya: yahAM padhArate rahe haiN| Apake nidhana se zramaNa vidyA ke adhyayanasaMzodhana ke kSetra meM jo kSati huI hai, usakI pUrti honA prAya: asaMbhava hI hai| Apake nidhana kA samAcAra sunate hI vidyApITha meM eka zokasabhA Ayojita kI gayI unheM zraddhAMjali arpita karane ke pazcAt usa dina avakAza ghoSita kara diyA gyaa| zrI harakhacanda jI nAhaTA divaMgata naI dillI- 22 pharavarI : zrI akhila bhAratIya jaina zvetAmbara kharataragaccha mahAsaMgha ke adhyakSa, zvetAmbara jaina samAja ke zIrSa netA tathA suprasiddha vidvAn zrI bhaMvaralAla jI nAhaTA ke anuja zrI harakhacanda jI nAhaTA kA ravivAra 21 pharavarI ko naI dillI meM hRdayAghAta se nidhana ho gyaa| 18 julAI 1936 ko bIkAnera meM eka labdha pratiSThita tathA susaMskRta parivAra meM janme zrI nAhaTA jI bacapana se hI medhAvI tathA dRr3ha saMkalpI the| unhoMne apane pAramparika vyavasAya se haTakara bhUparivahana, philma nirmANa, phAinensa tathA bhUmi jaise naye kSetroM meM padArpaNa kiyA aura ati zIghra hI unnati ke zikhara para pahu~ca gye| zrI zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka jaina tIrtharakSA TrasTa, AnandajI kalyANa jI kI per3hI, zrI vicakSaNa sevA kendra, prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI jaisI 60 se jyAdA saMsthAoM se jur3e zrI nAhaTA jI ne maMdira, upAzraya, dAdAvAr3I, skUla, dharmazAlA, aspatAla Adi ke nirmANa tathA saMcAlana meM yatheSTa yogadAna diyaa| haMsamukha aura dRr3hapratijJa zrI nAhaTA jI ko unakI bahuvidha amUlya sevAoM kI svIkRti tathA kRtajJatAsvarUpa vibhinna rASTrIya tathA antarrASTrIya alaMkaraNoM tathA padaviyoM se sammAnita kiyA gyaa| vastuta: zrI nAhaTA jI eka saMsthA svarUpa vyakti the jinake dehAvasAna se eka apUraNIya kSati huI hai| pArzvanAtha vidyApITha zrI nAhaTAjI ke asAmayika nidhana se marmAhata hai aura isa mahAna zoka kI ghar3I meM unheM hArdika zraddhAMjali arpita karate hue unake parivAra ke sAtha hai| choTI dAdAvAr3I,sAutha ekseTeMzana, dvitIya, naI dillI meM Ayojita vizAla zraddhAMjali sabhA meM samAja ke sabhI vargoM ke pratinidhiyoM, rAjanetAoM Adi ne zrI nAhaTA ko bhAvabhInI zraddhAMjali arpita kii|

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zramaNa/ janavarI-mArca/1999 paJcAzakaprakaraNam puraskRta pArzvanAtha vidyApITha ke liye yaha atyanta harSa aura gaurava kA viSaya hai ki usake dvArA prakAzita paJcAzakaprakaraNam ko uttarapradeza saMskRta saMsthAna, lakhanaU dvArA puraskRta kiyA gayA hai| AcArya haribhadrasUri dvArA viracita isa kRti kA sampAdana pro0 sAgaramala jaina evaM kamaleza kumAra jaina tathA isakA hindI anuvAda gujarAta vizvavidyAlaya, ahamadAbAda ke saMskRta-prAkRta vibhAga ke pravaktA, yuvAvidvAn DaoN0 dInAnAtha zarmA ne kiyA hai| jJAtavya hai ki vidyApITha dvArA prakAzita vibhinna granthoM ko abataka kaI puraskAra prApta ho cuke haiN| Katre 158

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zramAgaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 pArzvanAtha vidyApITha dvArA nibandha -pratiyogitA kA Ayojana uddezya - pArzvanAtha vidyApITha navayuvakoM ke bauddhika vikAsa evaM jaina dharma darzana ke prati unakI jAgarUkatA ko banAye rakhane ke lie eka nibandha pratiyogitA kA Ayojana kara rahA hai| pArzvanAtha vidyApITha lambe samaya se yaha anubhava kara rahA thA ki logoM ko jaina dharma darzana kI yathArtha jAnakArI honI cAhiye, kyoMki jaina darzana meM vizva darzana banane kI kSamatA hai| isa nibandha pratiyogitA kA eka uddezya yaha bhI hai ki logoM meM paThana-pAThana evaM zodha ke prati ruci paidA kI jAya, jo vicAroM ke AdAna-pradAna ke mAdhyama se hI sambhava hai| kauna pratiyogI ho sakate haiM- koI bhI vyakti cAhe vaha kisI bhI dharma, jAti, sampradAya kA ho yA kisI bhI umra kA ho, isa pratiyogitA meM bhAga le sakatA hai| pArzvanAtha vidyApITha ke karmacAriyoM evaM unake nikaTa sambandhiyoM ke liye yaha pratiyogitA pratibandhita haiN| viSaya 21 vIM zatAbdI meM jaina dharma kI prAsaMgikatA Ayuvarga ke AdhAra para nibandha ke lie nirdhArita pRSTha saMkhyA : 1. 18 varSa taka -Dabala speza meM phulaskepa sAija meM TaMkita (Typed) pUre cAra pej| 2. 18 varSa ke Upara-Dabala spesa meM phulaskepa sAija meM TaMkita (Typed) pUre ATha pej| puraskAra : nirNAyaka maNDala dvArA cayanita pratiyogI ko nimnAnusAra puraskAra deya hogA - 1. 18 varSa taka ke pratiyogI ke lie - prathama puraskAra - 2500 ru. - dvitIya puraskAra - 1500 - tRtIya puraskAra - 1000 ru. 2. 18 varSa ke Upara ke pratiyogI ke lie - prathama puraskAra - 2500 ru. - dvitIya puraskAra - 1500 ru. - tRtIya puraskAra * 1000 ru. pratiyogitA kI bhASA- nibandha hindI yA aMgrejI donoM bhASAoM meM ho sakate haiN|

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 cayana kI prakriyA ke nirdhAnita mAnadaNDa : 1. nibandha kI guNavattA, vicAroM kI spaSTatA evaM unakA samyak prstutikrnn| 2. nibandha meM apane kathana kA sapramANa prastutIkaraNa evaM Avazyaka sthaloM para mUla granthoM se sndrbh| 3. bhASA kA stara nirNAyaka maNDala : 1. prophesara sAgaramala jaina - jinazAsana-gaurava, jaina dhama-darzana ke antarrASTrIya khyAtiprApta vidvAn evaM vArANasI sthita pArzvanAtha vidyApITha ke mAnad nidezaka, rASTrIya stara kI aneka saMgoSThiyoM meM prtibhaagii| jaina dharma-darzana kI 30 se adhika pustakoM tathA 150 se adhika zodha-nibandhoM ke lekhk| Apake nirdezana meM 30 se adhika zodha chAtroM ne pIeca0DI0 kI upAdhi prApta kI hai| 2. prophesara sudarzanalAla jaina- jaina dharma-darzana ke vizvavizruta vidvAna, samprati kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya meM saMskRta vibhAga meM prophesara, jaina dharma para aneka pustakoM ke lekhaka, rASTrIya evaM antarrASTrIya stara kI aneka saMgoSThiyoM meM prtibhaagii| Apake nirdezana meM 15 se adhika zodha chAtroM ne pI-eca0DI0 kI upAdhi prApta kI hai| 3. DaoN. dharmacanda jaina- jaina dharma-darzana ke prakhyAta vidvAna, samprati jayanArAyaNa vyAsa vizvavidyAlaya, jodhapura meM saMskRta vibhAga meM rIDara, jaina-nyAya ke gahana adhyetA evaM jainadharma para katipaya viziSTa granthoM ke lekhaka Apake nirdezana meM 6 se adhika chAtroM ne pIeca0DI0 kI upAdhi prApta kI hai| cayana-prakriyA 1. bheje gaye nibandha pArzvanAtha vidyApITha ko dinAMka 30 jUna, 1999 taka svIkRta hoNge| samasta nibandhoM kI phoTo kaoNpI banAyI jAyegI tathA pratiyogiyoM ke umravarga ke AdhAra unheM eka viziSTa koDa naM0 diyA jaayegaa| 2. nibandhoM kI phoTo pratiyA~ (binA lekhaka ke nAma ke) jinameM koDa naM0 aMkita hogA, pratyeka nirNAyaka ko bhejI jaayegii| 3. nirNAyakoM dvArA aMkita nibandha prApta hone para unameM kramaza: prathama, dvitIya evaM tRtIya puraskAra ke lie cayanita pratiyogiyoM kI ghoSaNA kI jaayegii| 4. vijetA pratiyogiyoM ke nibandhoM ko pArzvanAtha vidyApITha se prakAzita hone vAlI zodha-patrikA zramaNa ke san 2000 ke prathama aMka meM prakAzita kiyA jaayegaa| 5. vijetA pratiyogI ko pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI meM eka sAde samAroha ke antargata sammAnita kiyA jaayegaa| noTaH kRpayA nibandha ke sAtha apanI pAsaporTa sAija kA phoTo evam hAIskUla sarTiphikeTa kI phoTo prati (XeroxCopy) tathA eka sAde kAgaja para apane pUre pate sahita apanI zaikSika yogyatA kA vivaraNa avazya bhejeN|

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 ESSAY COMPETITION PREAMBLE: As part of its commitment to the progressive development of the youth and their involvement with Jainism, Parshvanath Vidyapeeth is organizing an essay competition. In keeping with the vision and aims of the institute to bring Jainism closer to the people and the foster learning about Jainism, It is felt that an essay competition leads to reading, research and practice of the knowledge. Newer ideas also get generated when one gives free rein to one,s thoughts. WHO CAN PARTICIPATE: All persons of any age group or religion can participate. The competition is however, not open to Parshvanath Vidyapeeth employees or their first kith-&-kin. THE TOPIC."RELEVANCE OF JAINISM IN THE 21ST CENTURY." SUBMISSION GROUPS : 1. Age upto 18years: Length of essay at least 4 pages, typed double spaced using 12 points font. 2. Age over 18 years : Length of essay at least 8 pages, typed, double spaced using 12 point font. PRIZES: (Indian Rupees.) For the best entries as decided by the Judges, irrespective of the language of submission: Age Group First Second Third Age up to 18 Years 2500 1500 1000 Age over 18 years 2500 1500 1000 LANGUAGES: The essay can be in Hindi or English. EVALUATION CRITERIA : * Quality and clarity of Expression, thought, presentation and originality. * Quotations from original texts where relevant is not barred. * Quality of language. coco

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zramaNa/janavarI-mArca/1999 THE JUDGES: 1. Prof. Sagarmal Jain, Director Emeritus, Parshvanath Vidyapeeth, Varanasi, and internationally famed scholar of Jaina Philosophy and religion. He has represented Jainism many times in abrod in Parliament of world Religions etc. He has authored more than 30 books on different aspects of Jaina Philosophy and Religion along with 150 research papres. 30 scholars have obtained their Ph.D. degrees under his supervision. 2.Prof. Sudarshan Lal Jain, Professor, Department of Sanskrit, Banaras Hindu University. A renowned scholar of Jaina Philosophy. He has contributed a lot of the Jaina philosophy by writing some important books and a number of papers. More than 15 scholars have obtained their Ph.D. degrees under his supervision. 3. Dr. Dharm Chand Jain, Reader, Department of Sanskrit, Jodhpur university and a well known scholar of Jaina Philosophy and Religion. He has authored a number of books covering different aspects of Jaina Philosophy. Six scholars have obtained their Ph.D. degrees under his supervision. THE PROCEDURE * The written essays shall be received by Parshvanath Vidyapeeth up to 3--6-1999. Photocopies of all essays shall be made, a unique number. Being assigned o each essay identifying at the same time the age group. * The Photocopies (without the author's name) bearing the unique number shall be sent to each of the Judges for marking. * Upon receipt back of the duly marked essays, the marks compilation shall be done and the winners notified by a letter. * The winning articles shall be published in first edition of the SHRAMAN in the year 2000. * The winners shall be facilitated in a function at Parshvanath Vidyapeeth and prize money will be given. Note - candidate must attach his passport size photograph along with his bio-date with the Essay.

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