Jain Achar

Author(s): Mohanlal Mehta
Publisher: Parshwanath Vidyapith
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/010197/1

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pAzvanAtha vidyAzrama granthamAlA jaina A cAra mohanalAla mehatA ema. e. (darzana va manovijJAna), pI-eca. DI., zAstrAcArya adhyakSa, pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna vArANasI-5 IFEndos - - -- vArANasI-5:. saccaM logammi sArabhUyaM pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna jai nA zrama hindU yUnivarsiTI, vArANasI-5

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saak pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna jainAzrama hindU yUnivarsiTI, vArANamI-5 madraka bAbUlAla jaina phAgulla mahAvora presa bhelUpura, vArANasI-1 prakAzana-varSa: san 1966 mUlya , pAMca rupaye

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sa ma pa Na / pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama ke pAraNa lAlA harajasarAya jaina ko sAdara-sasneha

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prAkkathana sanmati jJAnapITha, yAgarA ne san 1956 meM lekhaka kA 'jaina darzana' prakAzita kiyA / isa grantha kA hindI jagat meM ullekhanIya svAgata huA / rAjasthAna sarakAra ne eka mahasra rupaye tathA svarNapadaka eva uttara- pradeza sarakAra ne pA~ca sau rupaye pradAna kara levaka ko puraskRta va sammAnita kiyA / jaina darzanazAstra para prakAzita uparyukta kRti ke samAna hI prastuta grantha jaina AcArazAstra para apane DhaMga kI eka viziSTa kRti hai / isakA nirmANa isa DhaMga se kiyA gayA hai ki bhAratIya dharma va darzana kA sAmAnya paricaya rakhanevAlA jijJAsu ime saralatA se samajha sakegA / vidyAlayo, mahAvidyAlayo va vizvavidyAlayo ke vidyAthiyoM ke lie bhI yaha upayogI siddha hogA / jaina AcAra karmavAda para pratiSThita hai / karmavAda kA AdhAra AtmavAda hai | AtmavAda kA popaNa karanevAle tattva hai ahiMsA, aparigraha aura anekAntadRSTi | jaina AcArazAstra meM cAritra - vikAsa arthAt Atmika vikAsa kI vibhinna avamyAe~ svIkAra kI gaI hai| Atmika guNo ke vikAsa kI ina avasthAo ko guNasthAna kahA gayA hai| guNasthAno kA nirUpaNa mohazakti kI prabalatA - durbalatA ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai / jaina AcAra do rUpoM meM upalabdha hotA hai : zrAvakAcAra aura zramaNAcAra / varNAzrama jaisI koI vyavasthA jaina AcArazAstra meM mAnya nahI hai | kisI bhI varNa kA evaM kisI bhI Azrama meM sthita vyakti zrAvaka ke athavA zramaNa ke vrata grahaNa kara sakatA hai | zrAvaka dezavirati arthAt mAzika

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vairAgya ke kAraNa aNuvrato arthAt choTe vrato kA pAlana karatA hai| zramaNa sarvavirati arthAt sampUrNa vairAgya ke kAraNa mahAvato arthAt baDe vrato kA pAlana karatA hai| prastuta grantha meM AcArAgAdi jaina Agamo ke AdhAra para zrAvakAcAra evaM zramaNAcAra kA suvyavasthita pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / antima prakaraNa meM zramaNa-sagha kA sakSipta paricaya diyA gayA hai| isa grantha kA prakAzana pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zoSa saMsthAna se ho rahA hai, yaha vizeSa harSa kI bAta hai| bhaviSya meM saMsthAna jainavidyA se sambandhita anya aneka upayogI grantho kA prakAzana karane ke lie kRtasaMkalpa hai| grantha ko sakSipta kintu mahattvapUrNa prastAvanA ke lie maiM DA0 devarAja, adhyakSa, bhAratIya darzana va dharma vibhAga, kAzI vizvavidyAlaya kA atyanta anugRhIta hU~ / sundara mudraNa ke lie mahAvIra presa ke suyogya sacAlaka zrI bAbUlAla jaina phAgulla kA tathA prUpha-sazodhana Adi ke lie sasthAna ke zodha-sahAyaka paM0 kapiladeva giri kA hRdaya se AbhAra mAnatA huuN| pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna mohanalAla mehatA vArANasI-5 adhyakSa 2-8-1966

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prastAvanA bhAratIya saMskRti meM mukhyata do vicAradhArAo kA sammizraNa evaM samanvaya huA hai / eka vicAradhArA mUlata vaidika sabhyatA kI thI aura dUsarI zramaNa sabhyatA kI / vaidika sabhyatA ke AdhArastambha Rgveda Adi sahitA-grantha tathA brAhmaNa grantha the / zramaNa sabhyatA kI pratinidhi abhivyakti jainadharma, hinduo ke sAMkhya darzana tathA bauddhadharma meM huii| kucha loga vaidika athavA brAhmaNa saMskRti arthAt vaha saMskRti jimapara brAhmaNa purohito kA vizeSa prabhAva thA aura zramaNa saMskRti ke bheda ko svIkAra nahIM karate, kintu yaha mAnanA hI hogA ki ina do vicAradhArAo meM paryApta viSamatA thii| sahitA-kAla ke Arya mukhyataH pravRttivAdI jIvanadRSTi ke anugAmI the, jabaki jaina-bauddha-dharmoM meM nivRttiparaka jIvana para gaurava thaa| svayaM vaidika AryoM ke bIca nivRtti-dharma kA udaya upaniSado meM dekhA jA sakatA hai| isIlie kucha anveSako kA vicAra hai ki nivRttiparaka jIvanadRSTiyo kA sAmAnya utsa upaniSad-sAhitya hai| kintu jainadharma kI prAcInatA aura mahAbhArata Adi meM sAMkhyo ke jJAnamArga eva pravRttiparaka vaidika dharma ke virodha kI carcAeM yaha saketa detI hai ki pravRtti aura nivRtti ke poSaka darzano kA vikAsa bhinna samudAyoM ke bIca huA / bhAratIya AdhyAtmika dRSTi kI pramukha vizeSatA mokSatattva kI svIkRti aura usake sambandha meM vyavasthita cintana haiM, ye dono hI cIjeM hameM mukhyataH zramaNa-saskRti ke dhArmika netAo se prApta huI / Age calakara, java hamArI saMskRti me pravRtti evaM nivRttiparaka vicAradhAgao kA samanvaya huA, to yaha nizcita kiyA gayA ki manuSya jIvana kA carama lakSya mokSa

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hI hai, jisakI upalabdhi aneka mArgoM se calakara kI jA sakatI hai| mana Adi dharmAcAryo ne varNAzrama kI kalpanA kI aura yaha pratipAdita kiyA ki pratyeka manuSya svadharma kA pAlana karate hue mokSa nAmaka carama lakSya ___ kI ora agrasara ho sakatA hai| gItA meM kahA gayA hai-'sve-sve karmaNya bhirata sasiddhi labhate nara', arthAt apane-apane varNa aura Azrama ke anurUpa (niSkAma bhAva se) karma karatA humA manuSya parama siddhi yAnI mokSa ko prApta karatA hai| gItA, manu Adi kA yaha mantavya pravRtti evaM nivRtti mArgoM kA samanvaya rUpa thaa| ___ jaina tathA bauddha dharmoM ne varNAzrama ke siddhAnta ko svIkAra nahI kiyaa| inameM vauddha dharma mukhyataH bhikSuo kA nivRttiparaka dharma bana gyaa| kintu jainadharma ne, hindUdharma kI bhAMti, gRhastho ke lie bhI mukti kA dvAra khulA rakhA / prastuta pustaka meM jainadharma-sammata zramaNa-dharma ke sAtha-sAtha zrAvako yAnI gRhastho ke dharmAcAra kA bhI vyavasthita varNana hai| isake lekhaka DA0 mohanalAla mehatA sAmAnyataH bhAratIya darzana ke aura vizeSata jaina darzana ke adhikArI vidvAn hai| aba taka ye jaina darzana, jaina manovijJAna Adi viSayo para aneka prAmANika kRtiyokA praNayana kara cuke hai / prastuta pustaka meM inhone jaina dRSTi se zrAvakadharma tathA zramaNadharma kA vistRta eva vizada vivecana kiyA hai / yo to bhArata ke sabhI dharmoM meM vicAro eva AcaraNa ke mAmajasya para gaurava diyA gayA hai, kintu jaina darzana me yaha gaurava adhika spaSTa hai / sAsya eva advaita vedAnta ke anuyAyI kaha sakate haiM ki kevala jJAna se mukti ho sakatI hai, kintu jainadharma yaha spaSTa ghopaNA karatA hai ki mamyak jJAna, samyak darzana eva samyak cAritra-ye tIno milakara hI mokSa nAmaka pariNAma ko utpanna karate hai| kAzI vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI-5 devarAja

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prastuta grantha meM 5-25 1. jainAcAra kI bhUmikA AcAra aura vicAra vaidika dRSTi aupanipadika rUpa sUtra, smRtiyA~ va dharmazAstra karmamukti AtmavikAsa karmapatha jainAcAra va jaina vicAra kamabandha va karmamukti AtmavAda ahiMsA aura aparigraha anekAntadRSTi dRSTi se cAritra-vikAsa Atmika vikAsa mohazakti kI prabalatA mithyA dRSTi alpakAlIna samyak dRSTi mizra dRSTi grathibheda va samyak zraddhA dezavirati marvavirati apramatta avasthA stu aur2MMM 29-47 s s s s s sh lh l sh

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. . . . and < < < ki away 1 apUrvakaraNa sthUla kaSAya sUkSma kapAya upazAta kaSAya kSINa kaSAya sadeha mukti videha mukti jaina guNasthAna, bauddha avasthAe~ va vaidika bhUmikAe~ yogadRSTiyA~ oghadRSTi va yogadRSTi mitrAdRSTi va yama tArAdRSTi va niyama valAdRSTi va Asana doprAdRSTi va prANAyAma sthirAdRSTi va pratyAhAra kAntAdRSTi va dhAraNA prabhAdRSTi va dhyAna parAdRSTi va samAdhi 3. jaina AcAra-grantha 51-79 AcArAga upAsakadazAga dazavakAlika Avazyaka dazAzrutaskandha vRhatkalpa vyavahAra 47 w x

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11 73 74 75 5 83-132 nizotha mahAnizItha jItakalpa mUlAcAra mUlArAdhanA ratnakaraMDaka-zrAvakAcAra vasunandi-zrAvakAcAra sAgAra-dharmAmRta anagAra-dharmAmRta 4. zrAvakAcAra aNuvrata guNavata zikSAvrata sallekhanA athavA saMthArA pratimAeM pratikramaNa 5. zramaNa-dharma mahAvrata rAtribhojana-viramaNavrata SaDAvazyaka Adarza zramaNa acelakatva va sacelakatva vastramaryAdA vastra kI gaveSaNA pAtra kI gaveSaNA va upayoga AhAra 104 113 116 124 131 135-196 135 141 142 151 157 myN n .. khn . khn

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AhAra kyo? 168 171 172 AhAra kyo nahI ? 167 vizuddha AhAra AhAra kA upayoga AhAra-sambandhI dopa ekabhakta 175 vihAra arthAt gamanAgamana 176 naukAvihAra 177 padayAtrA 178 vasati arthAt upAzraya 178 sAmAcArI 183 sAmAnya caryA 184 paryuSaNAkalpa 187 bhikSu-pratimAe~ 160 samAdhimaraNa athavA paDitamaraNa 165 6. zramaNa-saMgha 199.215 gaccha, kula, gaNa va saMgha AcArya upAdhyAya pravartaka, sthavira, gaNI, gaNAvacchedaka va ratnAdhika 205 nigraMthI-sagha vaiyAvRtya 206 prAyazcitta 204 grantha-sUcI 217 anukramaNikA 221 200 201 . . dIkSA .

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jainAcAra kI bhUmi kA AcAra aura vicAra vaidika dRSTi aupaniSadika rUpa sUtra, smRtiyA~ va dharmazAstra karmamukti AtmavikAsa karmapatha jainAcAra va jaina vicAra karmavandha va karmamukti AtmavAda ahiMsA aura aparigraha anekAntadRSTi

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:1: jainAcAra kI bhUmikA AcAra aura vicAra paraspara sambaddha hI nahI, eka-dUsare ke pUraka bhI haiM / saMsAra me jitanI bhI jJAna-zAkhAe~ haiM, kisI na kisI rUpa me AcAra athavA vicAra athavA dono se sambaddha haiN| vyaktitva ke pUrNa vikAsa ke lie aisI jJAna-zAkhAe~ anivArya hai jo vicAra kA vikAsa karane ke sAtha hI sAtha AcAra ko bhI gati pradAna kre| dUsare zabdo me jina vidyAo me AcAra va vicAra, donoM ke bIja maujUda ho ve hI vyaktitva kA vAstavika vikAsa kara sakatI haiN| jaba taka AcAra ko vicAroM kA sahayoga prApta na ho athavA vicAra AcAra rUpa meM pariNata na hoM taba taka jIvana kA yathArtha vikAsa nahI ho sakatA / isI dRSTi se AcAra aura vicAra ko paraspara sambaddha evaM pUraka kahA jAtA hai| AcAra aura vicAra: vicAroM athavA AdarzoM kA vyAvahArika rUpa AcAra hai| AcAra kI AdhArazilA naitikatA hai| jo AcAra naitikatA para pratiSThita nahI hai vaha Adarza AcAra nahI kahA jA sktaa| aisA AcAra tyAjya hai| samAja me dharma kI pratiSThA isIlie hai ki vaha naitikatA para pratiSThita hai| vAstava me dharma kI utpatti manuSya ke bhItara rahI haI usa bhAvanA ke AdhAra para hI hotI hai jise hama naitikatA kahate haiN| naitikatA kA prAdarza jitanA ucca

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6 : jaina AcAra hotA hai, dharma kI bhUmikA bhI utanI hI unnata hotI hai / naitikatA kevala bhautika athavA zArIrika mUlyoM taka hI sImita nahI hotI / usakI dRSTi me AdhyAtmika athavA mAnasika mUlyoM kA adhika mahattva hotA hai| sakucita athavA sImita naitikatA kI apekSA vistRta athavA aparimita naitikatA adhika balavatI hotI hai| vaha vyaktitva kA yathArtha evaM pUrNa vikAsa karatI hai| dharma kA sAra AdhyAtmika sarjana athavA AdhyAtmika anubhUti hai| isa prakAra ke sarjana athavA anubhUti kA vistAra hI dharma kA vikAsa hai / jo AcAra isa uddezya kI pUrti me sahAyaka ho vahI dharmamUlaka AcAra hai| isa prakAra kA AcAra naitikatA kI bhAvanA ke abhAva me sambhava nahI / jyo-jyoM naitika bhAvanAo kA vistAra hotA jAtA hai tyo-tyo dharma kA vikAsa hotA jAtA hai| isa prakAra kA dharmavikAsa hI AdhyAtmika vikAsa hai| AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI carama avasthA kA nAma hI mokSa athavA mukti hai / isa mUlabhUta siddhAnta athavA tathya ko samasta AtmavAdI bhAratIya darzano ne svIkAra kiyA hai| darzana kA sambandha vicAra athavA tarka se hai, jabaki dharma kA sambandha AcAra athavA vyavahAra se hai| darzana hetuvAda para pratiSThita hotA hai javaki dharma zraddhA para avalambita hotA hai| AcAra ke lie zraddhA kI AvazyakatA hai jabaki vicAra ke lie tarka kii| AcAra va vicAra athavA dharma va darzana ke sambandha me do vicAradhArAe~ haiM / eka vicAradhArA ke anusAra AcAra va

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jainAcAra kI bhUmikA : 7 vicAra arthAt dharma va darzana abhinna haiM / iname vastutaH koI bheda nahI | AcAra kI satyatA vicAra meM hI pAI jAtI hai evaM vicAra kA paryavasAna AcAra me hI dekhA jAtA hai / dUsarI vicAradhArA ke anusAra AcAra va vicAra arthAt dharmaM va darzana eka-dUsare se bhinna haiM / tarkazIla vicAraka kA isase koI prayojana nahI ki zraddhAzIla AcaraNakartA kisa prakAra kA vyavahAra karatA hai / isI prakAra zraddhAzIla vyakti yaha nahI dekhatA ki vicAraka kyA kahatA hai / taTastha dRSTi se dekhane para yaha pratIta hotA hai ki AcAra aura vicAra vyaktitva ke samAna zaktivAle anyonyAzrita do pakSa haiM / ina donoM pakSo kA satulita vikAsa hone para hI vyaktitva kA vizuddha vikAsa hotA hai / isa prakAra ke vikAsa ko hama jJAna aura kriyA kA saMyukta vikAsa kaha sakate hai jo dukhamukti ke lie anivArya hai / 1 AcAra aura vicAra kI anyonyAzritatA ko dRSTi me rakhate hue bhAratIya cintako ne dharma va darzana kA sAtha-sAtha pratipAdana kiyA | unhone tattvajJAna ke sAtha hI sAtha AcArazAstra kA bhI nirUpaNa kiyA evaM batAyA ki jJAnavihIna AcaraNa netrahIna puruSa kI gati ke samAna hai jabaki AcaraNarahita jJAna paMgu puruSa kI sthiti ke sadRza hai| jisa prakAra abhISTa sthAna para pahu~cane ke lie nirdoSa A~khe va paira donoM Avazyaka haiM, usI prakAra AdhyAtmika siddhi ke lie doSarahita jJAna va cAritra donoM zranivArya haiM / bhAratIya vicAra- paramparAo me AcAra va vicAra donoM ko

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8 : jaina AcAra samAna sthAna diyA gayA hai| udAharaNa ke lie mImAMsA-paramparA kA eka pakSa pUrvamImAMsA AcArapradhAna hai jabaki dUsarA pakSa uttaramImAMsA ( vedAnta ) vicArapradhAna hai| sAMkhya aura yoga kramazaH vicAra aura AcAra kA pratipAdana karanevAle eka hI paramparA ke do aga haiM / bauddha-paramparA me hInayAna aura mahAyAna ke rUpa me AcAra aura vicAra kI do dhArAeM hai| hInayAna AcArapradhAna hai tathA mahAyAna vicArapradhAna / jaina-paramparA me bhI AcAra aura vicAra ko samAna sthAna diyA gayA hai / ahiMsAmUlaka AcAra eva anekAMtamUlaka vicAra kA pratipAdana jaina vicAradhArA kI vizeSatA hai| vaidika dRSTi : bhAratIya sAhitya me AcAra ke aneka rUpa upalabdha hote haiN| vaidika sahitAo me lokajIvana kA jo prativimba milatA hai usase prakaTa hotA hai ki logo me prakRti ke kAryoM ke prati vicitra jijJAsA thii| unakI dhAraNA thI ki prakRti ke vividha kArya devo ke vividha rUpa the, vividha deva prakRti ke vividha kAryoM ke rUpa me abhivyakta hote the| ye deva apanI prasannatA athavA aprasannatA ke AdhAra para unakA hita-ahita kara sakate the isalie loga unhe prasanna rakhane athavA karane ke lie unakI stuti karate, unakI yazogAthA gAte / stuti karane kI prakriyA athavA paddhati kA dhIre-dhIre vikAsa huA evaM isa mAnyatA ne janma liyA ki amuka Dhaga se amuka prakAra ke uccAraNapUrvaka kI jAnevAlI stuti hI

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jainAcAra kI bhUmikA 9 phalavatI hotI hai| pariNAmata. yajJayAgAdi kA prAdurbhAva huA evaM devo ko prasanna karane kI eka viziSTa AcAra-paddhatine janma liyaa| isa AcArapaddhati kA prayojana logo kI aihika sukha-samRddhi evaM surakSA thaa| logo ke hRdaya me satya, dAna, Adi ke prati mAna thaa| vividha prakAra ke niyamo, guNo, daNDo ke pravartako ke rUpa me vibhinna devo kI kalpanA kI gii| aupaniSadika rUpa: ___ upaniSadoM me aihika sukha ko jIvana kA lakSya na mAnate hue zreyas ko paramArtha mAnA gayA hai tathA preyas ko heya eva zreyas ko upAdeya batAyA gayA hai| isa jIvana ko antima satya na mAnate hue paramAtmatattva ko yathArtha kahA gayA hai| Atma-tattva kA svarUpa samajhAte hue ise zarIra, mana, indriyoM se bhinna vatAyA gayA hai| isI dArzanika bhitti para sadAcAra, santopa, satya Adi Atmika guNo kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai eva inheM AtmAnubhUti ke lie Avazyaka batAyA gayA hai| ina guNo ke AcaraNa se zreyas kI prApti hotI hai / zreyas ke mArga para calanevAle virale hI hote haiN| sasAra ke samasta pralobhana zreyas ke sAmane nagaNya haiM-tuccha hai / sUtra, smRtiyA~ va dharmazAstra : sUtro, smRtiyoM va dharmazAstro meM manuSya ke jIvana kI nizcita yojanA dRSTigocara hotI hai| iname mAnava-jIvana ke kartavya-akartavyo

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10 : jaina AcAra ke viSaya me vistArapUrvaka prakAza DAlA gayA hai| vaidika vidhividhAnoM ke sAtha hI sAtha sAmAjika guNoM evaM AdhyAtmika vizuddhiyoM kA bhI vicAra kiyA gayA hai / saMkSepa me kahA jAya to iname bhautika sukhoM evaM Atmika guNo kA samanvaya karane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| sUtro va dharmazAstroM meM mAnava-jIvana ke cAra sopAna-cAra Azrama nirdhArita kiye gaye haiM jinake anusAra AcaraNa karane para manuSya kA jIvana saphala mAnA jAtA hai| ina cAra AzramoM ke pAribhASika nAma ye haiM : brahmacaryAzrama, gRhasthAzrama, vAnaprasthAzrama va saMnyAsAzrama / brahmacaryAzrama me zArIrika va mAnasika anuzAsana kA abhyAsa kiyA jAtA hai jo sAre jIvana kI bhUmikA kA kAma karatA hai| gRhasthAzrama sAMsArika sukhoM ke anubhava va kartavyoM ke pAlana ke lie hai| vAnaprasthAzrama sAMsArika prapaMcoM ke AMzika tyAga kA pratIka hai / AdhyAtmika sukho kI prApti ke lie sAsArika sukha-suvidhAo ke hetu kiye jAnevAle prapaMcoM kA sarvathA tyAga karanA saMnyAsAzrama hai| ina cAra AzramoM ke sAtha hI sAtha cAra prakAra ke varNoM ke kartavyAkartavyoM ke lie AcArasaMhitA bhI banAI gii| AcAra ke do vibhAga kiye gaye : saba vargoM ke lie sAmAnya AcAra aura pratyeka varNa ke lie vizeSa AcAra / jisa prakAra pratyeka Azrama ke lie vibhinna kartavyoM kA nirdhAraNa kiyA gayA usI prakAra pratyeka varNa ke lie vibhinna kartavya nizcita kiye gaye, jaise brAhmaNa ke lie adhyayana-adhyApana, kSatriya ke lie rakSaNa-prazAsana, vaizya ke lie vyApAra-vyavasAya eva zUdra

Page #25
jainAcAra kI bhUmikA : 11 ke lie sevA-zuzrUSA / isI vyavasthA arthAt AcArasaMhitA kA nAma varNAzrama-dharma athavA varNAzrama-vyavasthA hai| karmamuktiH bhAratIya AcArazAstra kA sAmAnya AdhAra karmasiddhAnta hai| kama kA artha hai cetanAzakti dvArA kI jAnevAlI kriyA kA kAryakAraNabhAva / jo kriyA arthAt AcAra isa kArya-kAraNa kI paramparA ko samApta karane meM sahAyaka hai vaha AcaraNIya hai| isase viparIta AcAra tyAjya hai| vividha dharmagrantho, darzanagrantho eva AcAragrantho me jo vidhiniSedha upalabdha haiM, isI siddhAnta para AdhArita haiN| yoga-vidyA kA vikAsa isa dizA meM eka mahAn prayatna hai| bhAratIya vicArako ne karmamukti ke lie jJAna, bhakti evaM dhyAna kA jo mArga batAyA hai vaha yoga kA hI mArga hai / jJAna, bhakti evaM dhyAna ko yoga kI hI saMjJA dI gaI hai| itanA hI nahIM, anAsakta karma ko bhI yoga kahA gayA hai| AtmaniyantraNa arthAt cittavRtti ke nirodha ke lie yoga anivArya hai| yoga cetanA kI usa avasthA kA nAma hai jisame mana va indriyA~ apane viSayo se virata hone kA abhyAsa karate haiN| jyojyo yoga kI prakriyA kA vikAsa hotA jAtA hai tyo-tyo AtmA apane-Apa meM lIna hotI jAtI hai| yogI ko jisa Ananda va sukha kI anubhUti hotI hai vaha dUsaro ke lie alabhya hai / vaha Ananda va sukha vAhya padArtho para avalambita nahI hotA apitu AtmAvalambita hotA hai / AtmA kA apanI svAbhAvika vizuddha avasthA me nivAsa

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12 : jaina AcAra karanA hI vAstavika sukha hai| yaha sukha jise hamezA ke lie prApta ho jAtA hai vaha karmajanya sukha-du.kha se mukta ho jAtA hai / yahI mokSa, mukti athavA nirvANa hai| karma se mukta honA itanA AsAna nahIM hai| yoga kI sAdhanA karanA itanA sarala nahI hai| isake lie dhIre-dhIre nirantara prayatna karanA paDatA hai| AcAra va vicAra kI aneka kaThina avasthAo se gujaranA hotA haiM / AcAra ke aneka niyamoM evaM vicAra ke aneka aMkuzo kA pAlana karanA par3atA hai| isI tathya ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue vibhinna AtmaghAdo darzano ne karmamukti ke lie AcAra ke vividha niyamo kA nirmANa kiyA tathA AtmavikAsa ke vibhinna aMgoM tathA rUpoM kA pratipAdana kiyA / AtmavikAsa: vedAnta me sAmAnyatayA Atmika vikAsa ke sAta aMga athavA sopAna mAne gaye haiN| prathama aga kA nAma zubha icchA hai| isame vairAgya arthAt samyak patha para jAne kI bhAvanA hotI hai| dvitIya aga vicAraNArUpa hai| isame zAstrAdhyayana, satsaMgati tathA tattva kA mUlyAkana hotA hai| tRtIya aga tanumAnasa rUpa hai jisame indriyo aura viSayo ke prati anAsakti hotI hai| isake bAda kI jo avasthA hai usame mAnasika viSayo kA nirodha prArambha hokara mana ko zuddhi hotI hai| isa avasthA kA nAma satyApatti hai| isake bAda padArthabhAvano avasthA AtI hai jisameM bAhya vastupro kA mana para koI prabhAva nahIM pdd'taa|

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jainAcAra kI bhUmikA : 13 sAtavAM aMga turIyagA kahalAtA hai / isame padArthoM kA mana se koI sambandha hI nahI rahatA tathA AtmA kA sat , cit va AnandarUpa brahma se ekAkAra ho jAtA hai| yaha avasthA nirvikalpaka samAdhirUpa hai| ___ yogadarzana kA aSTAga yoga prasiddha ho hai / prathama aga yama me ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya va aparigraha kA samAveza hotA hai| dvitIya aga niyama me zauca, santoSa, tapa, svAdhyAya va IzvarapraNidhAna kA samAveza kiyA jAtA hai| tRtIya aMga kA nAma Asana hai| caturtha aga prANAyAmarUpa hai| pAMcavA aga pratyAhAra, chaThA dhAraNA, sAtavA dhyAna va AThavA samAdhi kahalAtA hai| nirvikalpa samAdhi AtmavikAsa kI atima avasthA hotI hai jisame AtmA apane svAbhAvika rUpa me avasthita ho jAtI hai| karmapatha : mImAsA va smRtiyo Adi me kriyAkANDa para adhika bhAra diyA gayA hai javaki sAMkhya-yoga, nyAya-vaizeSika, vedAnta Adi Atmazuddhi para vizeSa jora dete haiN| vauddho ke anusAra hamArI samasta pravRttiyA~ do prakAra kI hotI haiM . jJAta aura ajJAta / inhe bauddha paribhASA me vijJapti aura avijJapti kahA jAtA hai| jaba koI vyakti parokSa arthAt ajAta rUpa se kisI anya dvArA kisI prakAra kA pApakArya karatA hai to vaha avijJapti-karma karatA hai| jo jAnabUjha kara arthAt jJAtarUpa se pApakriyA karatA hai vaha vijJapti-karma karatA hai| yahI bAta zubha pravRtti ke viSaya me bhI

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14 : jaina AcAra / ata. zIla bhI vijJapti va avijJapti rUpa do prakAra kA hai / vauddha darzana ke anusAra pratyeka kriyA ke tIna bhAga hote haiM : prayoga, karmapatha aura pRSTha / kriyA ko taiyArI karanA prayoga hai| vAstavika kriyAkarmapatha hai / anugAminI kriyA kA nAma pRSTha hai / udAharaNa ke rUpa me corI ko le / jaba koI corI karanA cAhatA hai to apane sthAna se uThatA hai, Avazyaka sAdhana-sAmagrI letA hai, dUsare ke ghara jAtA hai, cupacApa ghara me ghusatA hai, rupayepaise va anya vastue dUDhatA hai aura unheM vahAM se uThAtA hai / yaha sava prayoga ke antargata hai / corI kA sAmAna lekara vaha ghara se vAhara nikalatA hai, yahI karmapatha hai / usa sAmAna ko vaha apane sAthiyo me bATatA hai, becatA hai athavA chipAtA hai, yaha pRSTha hai / ye tIno prakAra vijJapti va avijJaptirUpa hote haiM / itanA hI nahI, eka prakAra kA karmapatha dUsare prakAra ke karmapatha kA prayoga athavA pRSTha bana sakatA hai / isI prakAra anya pApo eva zubha kriyAo ke bhI tIna vibhAga kara lene cAhie / vastuta prayoga, karmapatha va pRSTha pravRtti kI athavA AcAra kI tIna avasthAeM haiM / inheM pravRtti ke tIna sopAna bhI kaha sakate hai / kisa prakAra kI pravRtti arthAt karma se kisa prakAra kA phala prApta hotA hai, isakA bhI bauddha sAhitya me pUrI taraha vicAra kiyA gayA hai / vaha vicAra vauddha AcArazAstra kI bhUmikArUpa hai / jainAcAra va jaina vicAra : jainAcAra kI mUla bhitti karmavAda hai / isI para jaino kA

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jainAcAra kI bhUmikA : 15 ahiMsAvAda, aparigrahavAda evaM anIzvaravAda pratiSThita hai| karma kA sAdhAraNa artha kArya, pravRtti athavA kriyA hai| karmakANDI yajJa Adi kriyAo ko karma kahate haiN| paurANika vrata-niyama Adi ko karmarUpa mAnate haiM / jaina paramparA me karma do prakAra kA mAnA gayA hai : dravyakarma va bhAvakarma / kArmaNa pudgala arthAta jaDatattva vizeSa jo ki jIva ke sAtha mila kara karma ke rUpa meM pariNata hotA hai, dravyakarma kahalAtA hai / yaha Thosa padArtharUpa hotA hai| dravyakarma kI yaha mAnyatA jaina karmavAda kI vizeSatA hai| AtmA ke arthAt prANI ke rAga-dvepAtmaka pariNAma arthAt cittavRtti ko bhAvakarma kahate haiN| dUsare zabdo me prANI ke bhAvoM ko bhAvakarma tathA bhAvo dvArA AkRSTa sUkSma bhautika paramANuo ko dravyakarma kahate haiN| yaha eka mUlabhUta siddhAnta hai ki AtmA aura karma kA sambandha pravAhata anAdi hai| prANI anAdi kAla se karmaparamparA meM par3A huA hai| caitanya aura jaDa kA yaha sammizraNa anAdikAlIna hai| jIva purAne karmoM kA vinAza karatA huA navIna karmoM kA upArjana karatA jAtA hai| jaba taka usake pUrvopAjita samasta karma naSTa nahI ho jAte-AtmA se alaga nahI ho jAte tathA navIna karmo kA upArjana bada nahI hojAtA-nayA baMdha ruka nahI jAtA taba taka usakI bhavabhramaNa se mukti nahI hotii| eka bAra samasta karmoM kA nAza ho jAne para puna. navIna karmoM kA Agamana nahI hotA kyoki usa avasthA me karmopArjana kA koI kAraNa vidyamAna nahI rahatA / AtmA kI isI avasthA kA nAma mokSa, mukti, nirvANa athavA siddhi hai| isa avasthA me AtmA

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16 : jaina AcAra apane asalI rUpa me rahatA hai| AtmA kA yahI rUpa jainadarzana kA Izvara hai| paramezvara athavA paramAtmA isase bhinna koI vizeSa vyakti nahI hai| jo AtmA hai vahI paramAtmA hai / je appA se paramappA / karmavAda niyativAda athavA anivAryatAvAda nahI hai / karmasiddhAnta yaha nahI mAnatA ki prANI ko niyata samaya me upArjita karma kA phala bhoganA hI par3atA hai athavA navIna karma kA upArjana karanA hI par3atA hai / yaha satya hai ki prANI ko svopArjita karma kA phala avazya bhoganA paDatA hai kintu isame usake pazcAtkAlIna parAkrama, purupArtha athavA AtmavIrya ke anusAra nyUnAdhikatA tathA zIghratA athavA derI ho sakatI hai| isI prakAra vaha navIna karma kA upArjana karane me bhI amuka sImA taka svatantra hotA hai| Antarika zakti tathA AcAra kI paristhiti ko dRSTi meM rakhate hue vyakti amuka sImA taka naye karmo ke Agamana ko roka sakatA hai| isa prakAra jaina karmasiddhAnta me sImita icchAsvAtantrya svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| karmavandha va karmamukti: / __ jaina karmavAda me karmopArjana ke do kAraNa mAne gaye haiM : yoga aura kapAya / zarIra, vANI aura mana ke sAmAnya vyApAra ko jaina paribhASA me yoga kahate hai / dUsare zabdo me jaina paribhASA me prANI kI pravRttisAmAnya kA nAma yoga hai| kaSAya mana kA vyApAravizeSa hai / yaha krodhAdi mAnasika AvegarUpa hai / yaha loka

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jainAcAra kI bhUmikA * 17 karma kI yogyatA rakhane vAle paramANuoM se bharA huA hai| java prANI apane mana, vacana athavA tana se kisI prakAra kI pravRtti karatA hai taba usake Asa-pAsa rahe hue karmayogya paramANuo kA AkarSaNa hotA hai arthAt AtmA apane cAroM ora rahe hue karmaparamANuo ko karmarUpa se grahaNa karatI hai| isa prakriyA kA nAma Asrava hai / kapAya ke kAraNa karmaparamANuo kA AtmA se mila jAnA arthAt AtmA ke sAtha baMdha jAnA vaMdha kahalAtA hai| vaise to pratyeka prakAra kA yoga arthAt pravRtti karmabaMdha kA kAraNa hai kintu jo yoga krodhAdi kapAya se yukta hotA hai usase hone vAlA karmavaMdha dRDha hotA hai / kapAyarahita pravRtti se hone vAlA karmavadha nirbala va asthAyI hotA hai| yaha nAmamAtra kA vadha hai| isase sasAra nahI vddhtaa| yoga arthAt pravRtti kI taratamatA ke anusAra karmaparamANuro kI mAtrA me tAratamya hotA hai| vaha paramANuo kI rAzi ko pradeza-vandha kahate hai / ina paramANuo kI vibhinna svabhAvarUpa pariNati ko arthAt vibhinna kAryarUpa kSamatA ko prakRti-bandha kahate hai| karmaphala kI mukti kI avadhi arthAt karma bhogane ke kAla ko sthitivandha tathA karmaphala kI tIvratA-mandatA ko anubhAga-bandha kahate hai| karma badhane ke bAda jaba taka ve phala denA prArambha nahI karate tava taka ke kAla ko avAdhAkAla kahate haiM / karmaphala kA prArambha hI karma kA udaya hai / jyo-jyo kamo kA udaya hotA jAtA hai tyoMtyo karma AtmA se alaga hote jAte haiN| isI prakriyA kA nAma

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/ 18 : jaina AcAra nirjarA hai| java AtmA se samasta karma alaga ho jAte haiM taba usakI jo avasthA hotI hai use mokSa kahate hai| jaina karmazAstra meM prakRti-vandha ke ATha prakAra mAne gaye hai arthAt karma kI mUla prakRtiyA~ ATha ginAI gaI haiN| ye prakRtiyA~ prANI ko bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke anukUla eva pratikUla phala pradAna karato hai| inake nAma isa prakAra haiM .--1.jJAnAvaraNIya 2. darzanAvaraNIya, 3. vedanIya, 4. mohanIya, 5. Ayu, 6 nAma, 7. gotra, 8 antarAya / inameM se jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya va antarAya-ye cAra prakRtiyA~ ghAtI kahalAtI hai kyoki inase AtmA ke cAra mUla guNo-jJAna, darzana, sukha aura vIrya kA ghAta hotA hai| zeSa cAra prakRtiyA~ aghAtI haiM kyoki ye kisI AtmaguNa kA ghAta nahI karatI / ye zarIra se sambandhita hotI haiN| jJAnAvaraNIya prakRti AtmA ke jJAna arthAt vizeSa upayogarUpa guNa ko AvRta karatI hai| darzanAvaraNIya prakRti AtmA ke darzana arthAt sAmAnya upayogarUpa guNa ko AcchAdita karatI hai| mohanIya prakRti AtmA ke svAbhAvika sukha me vAdhA pahuMcAtI hai / antarAya prakRti se vIrya arthAt Atmazakti kA nAza hotA hai / vedanIya karmaprakRti zarIra ke anukUla evaM pratikUla savedana arthAt sukha-duHkha ke anubhava kA kAraNa hai| Ayu karmaprakRti ke kAraNa naraka, tiryaca, deva evaM manupya bhava ke kAla kA nirdhAraNa hotA hai| nAma karmaprakRti ke kAraNa narakAdi gati, ekendriyAdi jAti, audArikAdizarIra Adi kI prApti hotI hai / gotra karmaprakRti prANiyo ke laukika uccatva evaM nIcatva kA kAraNa hai| karma kI sattA mAnane para punarjanma kI sattA

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jainAcAra kI bhUmikA 19 bhI mAnanI par3atI hai| punarjanma athavA paraloka karma kA phala hai| mRtyu ke bAda prANI apane gati nAma karma ke anusAra puna. manuSya, tiryazca, naraka athavA deva gati me utpanna hotA hai / AnupUrvI nAma karma use apane utpattisthAna para pahuMcA detA hai / sthAnAntaraNa ke samaya jIva ke sAtha do prakAra ke sUkSma zarIra rahate haiN| taijasa aura kArmaNa audArikAdi sthUla zarIra kA nirmANa apane utpattisthAna para pahuMcane ke bAda prArambha hotA hai / isa prakAra jaina karmazAstra meM punarjanma kI sahaja vyavasthA kI gaI hai| karmavandha kA kAraNa kaSAya arthAt rAga-dvepajanya pravRtti hai| isase viparIta pravRtti karmamukti kA kAraNa banatI hai / karmamukti ke lie do prakAra kI kriyAe~ Avazyaka haiM / navIna karma ke upArjana kA nirodha evaM pUrvopAjita karma kA kSaya / prathama prakAra kI kriyA kA nAma saMvara tathA dvitIya prakAra kI kriyA kA nAma nirjarA hai| ye dono kriyAe~ kramaza Asrava tathA bandha se viparIta haiN| ina dono kI pUrNatA se AtmA kI jo sthiti hotI hai arthAt AtmA jima avasthA ko prApta hotI hai use mokSa kahate haiN| yahI karmamukti hai| navIna karmoM ke upArjana kA nirodha arthAt saMvara nimna kAraNo se hotA hai:--gupti, samiti, dharma, anuprekSA, parIpahajaya, cAritra va tapasyA / samyak yoganigraha arthAt mana, vacana va tana kI pravRtti kA suku niyantraNa gupti hai / samyaka calanA, bolanA, khAnA, lenAdenA Adi samiti kahalAtA hai| uttama prakAra kI kSamA, mRdutA, RjutA, zuddhatA Adi dharma ke antargata haiN| anuprekSA meM anityatva,

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20 : jaina AcAra azaraNatva, ekatva Adi bhAvanAo kA samAveza hotA hai / kSudhA, pipAsA, sardI, garmI Adi kapTo ko sahana karanA parIpahajaya hai| cAritra sAmAyika Adi bheda se pA~ca prakAra kA hai| tapa vAhya bhI hotA hai va Abhyantara bhI / anazana Adi vAhya tapa hai, prAyazcitta Adi Abhyantara tapa kahalAte hai| tapa se savara ke sAthasAtha nirjarA bhI hotI hai / savara va nirjarA kA paryavasAna mokSa me karmamukti hotA hai| yAtmavAda: karmavAda kA AtmavAda se sAkSAt sambandha hai| yadi AtmA kI pathaka sattA na mAnI jAya to karmavAda kI mAnyatA nirarthaka siddha hotI hai| jaina AcArazAsa me karmavAda ke AdhArabhUta mAtmavAda ko bhI pratiSThA kI gaI hai / AtmA kA lakSaNa upayoga hai| upayoga kA artha hai bovarUpa vyApAra / yaha vyApAra caitanya kA dharma hai / jaDa padArtho me upayoga-kriyA kA abhAva hotA hai svori uname catanya nahIM hotA / upayoga arthAt bodha do prakAra kA hai : nAna aura darzana / nukha aura vIrya bhI caitanya kA hI dharma hai|lie AtmA ko ananta-catuSTayAtmaka mAnA gayA hai| ananta catuSTaya ye hai : ananta jAna,ananta darzana,ananta mukha gaura ananta vIrya bala arthAt namArI AtmA meM jJAnAvaraNIya,darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya sauramAnAya parma ke sampUrNakSaya le kramaza vizeSa vodharUpa dhanAma bhAna, nAmAnya bodhasya ananna darzana, alaukika Anandarajananna numya va bAdhyAtmika zaktispa ananta vIrya prAdurbhUta

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jainAcAra kI bhUmikA : 21 hotA hai / mukta AtmA me ye cAra ananta-ananta-catuSTaya sarvadA bane rahate hai| sasArI AtmA svadehaparimANa evaM paudgalika karmoM se yukta hotI hai, sAtha hI pariNamanazIla, kartA, bhoktA eva sImiti upayogayukta hotI hai| ahiMsA aura aparigraha : jainAcAra kA prANa ahiMsA hai| ahiMsaka AcAra va vicAra se hI AdhyAtmika utthAna hotA hai jo karmamukti kA kAraNa hai| ahiMsA kA jitanA sUkSma vivecana eva AcaraNa jaina paramparA me upalabdha hai utanA zAyada hI kisI jainetara paramparA me ho / ahiMsA kA mUlAdhAra AtmasAmya hai| pratyeka AtmA-cAhe vaha pRthvIsambandhI ho, cAhe usakA Azraya jala ho, cAhe vaha kITa athavA pataMga ke rUpa me ho, cAhe vaha pazu athavA pakSI me ho, cAhe usakA vAsa mAnava me ho tAttvika dRSTi se samAna hai| sukha-dukha kA anubhava pratyeka prANI ko hotA hai| jIvana-maraNa kI pratIti sabako hotI hai| sabhI jIva jInA cAhate haiM / vAstava me koI bhI marane kI icchA nahI krtaa| jisa prakAra hame jIvana priya hai eva maraNa apriya, sukha priya hai eva du kha apriya, anukUlatA priya hai eva pratikUlatA apriya, mRdutA priya hai evaM kaThoratA apriya, svatantratA priya hai eva paratantratA apriya, lAbha priya hai evaM hAni apriya, usI prakAra anya jIvo ko bhI jIvana Adi priya haiM eva maraNa Adi apriya / isalie hamArA kartavya hai ki hama mana se bhI kisI ke vadha Adi kI bAta na soce / zarIra se kisI kI hatyA karanA athavA kisI ko kisI

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22 : jaina AcAra prakAra kA kaSTa pahuMcAnA to pApa hai hI, mana athavA vacana se usa prakAra kI pravRtti karanA bhI pApa hai / mana, vacana aura kAyA se kisI ko satApa na pahu~cAnA saccI ahiMsA hai-pUrNa ahiMsA hai| vanaspati Adi ekendriya jIvoM se lekara mAnava taka ke prati ahiMsaka AcaraNa ko bhAvanA jaina vicAradhArA kI anupama vigepatA hai| ise ahiMsaka AcAra kA carama utkarSa kaha sakate hai| AcAra kA yaha ahisaka vikAsa jaina saskRti kI amUlya nidhi hai| ahisA ko kendrabindu mAnakara amRpAvAda, asteya, amaithuna eva aparigraha kA vikAsa humA / Atmika vikAsa me bAdhaka karmavaMdha ko rokane tathA vaddha karma ko naSTa karane ke lie ahiMsA tathA tadAdhArita amRpAvAda Adi kI anivAryatA svIkAra kI gaI / isame vyakti eva samAja dono kA hita nihita hai| vaiyaktika utthAna evaM sAmAjika utkarpa ke lie asatya kA tyAga, anadhikRta vastu kA agrahaNa tathA saMyama kA paripAlana Avazyaka hai| inake abhAva me ahiMsA kA vikAsa nahI ho paataa| pariNAmata. AtmavikAsa me bahuta baDI bAdhA upasthita hotI hai| ina sabake sAtha aparigraha kA vrata atyAvazyaka hai| parigraha ke sAtha AtmavikAsa kI ghora zatrutA hai| jahA~ parigraha rahatA hai vahA~ AtmavikAsa kA mArga avaruddha ho jAtA hai / itanA hI nahIM, parigraha Atmapatana kA bahuta bar3A kAraNa banatA hai| parigraha kA artha hai pApa kA snnh| yaha Asakti se baDhatA hai evaM Asakti ko vaDhAtA bhI hai| isI kA nAma mUrchA hai| jyo-jyo parigraha

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jainAcAra kI bhUmikA 23 vaDhatA hai tyoM-tyoM mUrcchA-mRddhi - Asakti baDhatI jAtI hai / jitanI adhika mAsakti baDhatI hai utanI hI adhika hiMsA baDhatI hai | yahI hiMsA mAnava samAja me vaipamya utpanna karatI hai / isIse Atmapatana bhI hotA hai / aparigrahavRtti ahiMsAmUlaka AcAra ke samyak paripAlana ke lie anivArya hai / anekAntaSTa : 1 jisa prakAra jaina vicArako ne AcAra me hiMsA ko pradhAnatA dI usI prakAra unhone vicAra meM anekAntadRSTi ko mukhyatA dI / anekAntadRSTi kA artha hai vastu kA sarvatomukhI vicAra | vastu me aneka dharma hote haiM / uname se kisI eka dharma kA Agraha na rakhate hue arthAt ekAntadRSTi na rakhate hue apekSAbheda se sava dharmo ke sAtha samAna rUpa se nyAya karanA anekAntadRSTi kA kArya hai / aneka dharmAtmaka vastu ke kathana ke lie 'syAt' zavda kA prayoga zrAvazyaka hai / 'syAt' kA artha hai kathacit zrarthAt kisI eka apekSA se - kisI eka dharma kI dRSTi se / vastu ke aneka dharmo arthAt ananta guNo me se kisI eka dharma arthAt guNa kA vicAra usa dRSTi se hI kiyA jAtA hai / isI prakAra usake dUsare dharma kA vicAra dUsarI dRSTi se kiyA jAtA hai / isa prakAra vastu ke dharma-bheda se hI dRSTi-bheda paidA hotA hai / dRSTikoNa ke isa apekSAvAda athavA sApekSavAda kA nAma hI syAdvAda hai / cUMki syAdvAda se aneka dharmAtmaka arthAt anekAntAtmaka vastu kA kathana yA vicAra hotA hai ata syAdvAda kA apara nAma anekAntavAda

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24 , jaina AcAra hai| isa prakAra syAdvAda va anekAntavAda jainadarzanAbhimata sApekSavAda ke hI do nAma hai| jainadharma me anekAntavAda ke do rUpa milate hai : sakalAdeza aura vikalAdeza / sakalAdeza kA artha hai vastu ke kisI eka dharma se taditara samasta dharmoM kA abheda karake samagra vastu kA kathana krnaa| dUsare zabdo me vastu ke kisI eka guNa me usake gepa samasta guNo kA saMgraha karanA sakalAdeza hai| udAharaNArtha 'syAdastyeva sarvam' arthAt 'kathacit sava hai hI' aisA jaba kahA jAtA hai to usakA artha yaha hotA hai ki astitva ke atirikta anya jitane bhI dharma haiM, saba kisI dRSTi se astitva se abhinna haiN| isI prakAra nAstitva Adi dharmoM kA bhI taditara dharmoM se abheda karake kathana kiyA jAtA hai / yaha abheda kAla, AtmarUpa, artha, sambandha upakAra Adi ATha dRSTiyo se hotA hai| jisa samaya kisI vastu meM astitva dharma hotA hai usI samaya anya dharma bhI hote haiM / ghaTa me jisa samaya astitva rahatA hai usI samaya kRSNatva, sthUlatva Adi dharma bhI rahate haiM / ata. kAla kI dRSTi se astitva va anya guNoM me abheda hai| yahI bAta zepa sAta dRSTiyo ke viSaya me bhI samajhanI cAhiye / vastu ke svadravya-kSetra-kAla-bhAva se astitva dharma kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai evaM paradravya-kSetra-kAla-bhAva se nAstitva dharma kaa| sakalAdeza me eka dharma me azepa dharmo kA abheda karake sakala arthAt sampUrNa vastu kA kathana kiyA jAtA hai / vikalAdeza meM kisI eka dharma kI hI apekSA rahatI hai aura zepa kI upekSA / jisa dharma kA kathana karanA hotA hai vahI dharma dRSTi ke sanmukha rahatA hai / anya

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jainAcAra kI bhUmikA . 25 dharmoM kA nipedha to nahI hotA kintu prayojanAbhAva ke kAraNa unake prati upekSAbhAva avazya rahatA hai / vikala arthAt apUrNa vastu ke kathana ke kAraNa ise vikalAdeza kahA jAtA hai| isa prakAra ahiMsA aura anekAntavAda kI mUla bhitti para hI jainAcAra ke bhavya bhavana kA nirmANa huA hai|

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jaina dRSTi se cA ritra - vi kA sa Atmika vikAsa mohazakti kI prabalatA mithyA dRSTi alpakAlIna samyak dRSTi mizra dRSTi granthibheda va samyak zraddhA dezavirati sarvavirati apramatta avasthA apUrvakaraNa sthUla kaSAya sUkSma kapAya upazAta kaSAya kSINa kaSAya sadeha mukti videha mukti jaina guNasthAna, vauddha avasthAe~ va vaidika bhUmikAe~ yogadRSTiyA~ oghadRSTi va yogadRSTi

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mitrAdRSTi va yama tArASTi va niyama valAdRSTi va Asana dIprAdRSTi va prANAyAma sthirASTi va pratyAhAra kAntAdRSTi va dhAraNA prabhAdRSTi va dhyAna parAdRSTi va samAdhi

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jaina dRSTi se cAritra-vikAsa AdhyAtmika vikAsa ko vyAvahArika paribhASA me cAritravikAsa kaha sakate haiN| manuSya ke Atmika guNo kA pratibimba usake cAritra me par3e binA nahI rhtaa| cAritra kI vividha dazAoM ke AdhAra para AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI bhUmikAoM athavA avasthAoM kA sahaja hI anumAna ho sakatA hai| AtmA kI vividha avasthAo ko tIna mukhya rUpo me vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai : nikRSTatama, utkRSTatama va tadantarvartI / ajJAna athavA moha kA pragADhatama AvaraNa AtmA kI nikRSTatama avasthA hai| vizuddhatama jJAna athavA Atyantika vyapagatamohatA AtmA kI utkRSTatama avasthA hai| ina dono carama avasthAoM ke madhya me avasthita dazAe~ tRtIya koTi kI avasthAe~ haiN| prathama prakAra kI avasthA me cAritra-zakti kA sampUrNa hrAsa tathA dvitIya prakAra kI avasthA me cAritra-zakti kA sampUrNa vikAsa hotA hai| ina donoM prakAra kI avasthAoM ke atirikta cAritra-vikAsa kI jitanI bhI avasthAe~ haiM, sabakA samAveza ubhaya caramAntarvartI tIsarI koTi me hotA hai| Atma-vikAsa athavA cAritra-vikAsa kI samasta avasthAo ko jaina karmazAsra meM caudaha bhAgo me vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai jo 'caudaha guNasthAna' ke nAma se prasiddha haiN| ye jainAcAra ke caturdaza sopAna arthAt jaina cAritra kI caudaha sIDhiyA~ hai / sAdhaka ko inhI sIDhiyo se caDhanAutaranA paDatA hai|

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30 : jaina AcAra Atmika vikAsa : yAtmika guNo ke vikAsa kI Rmika avasthAo ko guNasthAna kahate hai| jaina-darzana yaha mAnatA hai ki AtmA kA vAstavika svarUpa zuddha jJAnamaya va paripUrNa sukhamaya hai| ise jaina padAvalI me anantajJAna, anantadarzana, anantasukha va anantavIrya kahA jAtA hai| isa svarUpa ko vikRta athavA AvRta karane kA kArya karmoM kA hai| karmAvaraNa kI ghaTA jyoM-jyoM ghanI hotI jAtI hai tyo-tyoM Atmika zakti kA prakAza mada hotA jAtA hai| isake viparIta jaise-jaise karmoM kA AvaraNa haTatA jAtA hai athavA zithila hotA jAtA hai vaise-vaise AtmA kI zakti prakaTa hotI jAtI hai| Atmika zakti ke alpatama AvirbhAva vAlI avasthA prathama guNasthAna hai| isa guNasthAna meM Atmazakti kA prakAza atyanta manda hotA hai| Age ke guNasthAnoM me yaha prakAza kramazaH baDhatA jAtA hai / antima arthAta caudahave guNasthAna me AtmA apane asalI rUpa me pahu~ca jAtI hai| mohazakti kI prabalatA: Atmagakti ke cAra prakAra ke AvaraNoM-jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, mohanIya aura antarAya-me mohanIyarUpa AvaraNa pradhAna hai| moha kI tInatA-maMdatA para anya AvaraNo kI tIvratA-maMdatA nirbhara rahatI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki guNasthAno ko vyavasthA me zAstrakAroM ne mohazakti kI tIvratA-madatA kA vizeSa avalambana liyA hai|

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jaina dRSTi le cAritra-vikAsa : 31 moha mukhyatayA do rUpo meM upalabdha hotA hai . darzana mohanIya aura cAritra mohanIya / darzana mohanIya AtmA ko yathArthatAsamyaktva-vivekazIlatA se dUra rakhatA hai| cAritra mohanIya AtmA ko vivekayukta AcaraNa arthAt pravRtti nahIM karane detaa| darzana mohanIya ke kAraNa vyakti kI bhAvanA, vicAra, dRSTi, cintana athavA zraddhA samyaka nahI ho pAtI-sahI nahI bana pAtI / samyaka dRSTi kI upasthiti me bhI cAritra mohanIya ke kAraNa vyakti kA kriyAkalApa samyak arthAt nirdoSa nahIM ho paataa| isa prakAra moha kA AvaraNa aisA hai jo vyakti ko na to samyaka vicAra prApta karane detA hai aura na use samyak AcAra kI ora hI pravRtta hone detA hai| mithyA dRSTi: prathama guNasthAna kA nAma darzana mohanIya ke hI AdhAra para mithyAdRSTi rakhA gayA hai| yaha AtmA kI adhastama avasthA hai| isame moha kI prabalatama sthiti hone ke kAraNa vyakti kI AdhyAtmika sthiti vilakula girI huI hotI hai| vaha mithyA dRSTi arthAt viparIta zraddhA ke kAraNa rAga-dveSa ke vazIbhUta ho AdhyAtmika kiMvA tAttvika sukha se vacita rahatA hai| isa prakAra isa guNasthAna kA mukhya lakSaNa mithyA darzana athavA mithyA zraddhAna hai| alpakAlIna samyaka dRSTi : dvitIya guNasthAna kA nAma sAsvAdAna-samyagdRSTi athavA sAsAdana-samyagdRSTi athavA sAsvAdana-samyagdRSTi hai| isakA kAla

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32 : jaina AcAra ati alpa hai| mithyAdRSTi vyakti ko moha kA prabhAva kucha kama hone para jaba kucha kSaNo ke lie samyaktva arthAt yathArthatA kI anubhUti hotI hai-tattvadRSTi prApta hotI hai-saccI zraddhA prakaTa hotI hai taba usakI jo avasthA hotI hai use sAsvAdana-samyagadRSTi guNasthAna kahate hai| isa guNasthAna me sthita AtmA turanta mohodaya ke kAraNa samyaktva se gira kara punaH mithyAtva me praviSTa ho jAtI hai| isa avasthA meM samyaktva kA ati alpakAlIna AsvAdana hone ke kAraNa ise svAsvAdana-samyagadRSTi nAma diyA gayA hai| isame AtmA ko samyaktva kA kevala svAda cakhane ko milatA hai, pUrA rasa prApta nahIM hotaa| mizra dRSTi: tRtIya guNasthAna AtmA kI vaha mizrita avasthA hai jisame na kevala samyagdRSTi hotI hai, na kevala mithyaadRsstti| isame samyaktva aura mithyAtva mizrita avasthA meM hote hai jisake kAraNa AtmA me tattvAtattva kA yathArtha viveka karane kI kSamatA nahI raha jaatii| vaha tattva ko tattva samajhane ke sAtha hI atattva ko bhI tattva samajhane lagatI hai| isa prakAra tRtIya guNasthAna me vyakti kI vivekazakti pUrNa vikasita nahIM hotii| yaha avasthA adhika laMbe kAla taka nahI cltii| isame sthita AtmA zIghra hI apanI tatkAlIna paristhiti ke anusAra yA to mithyAtva-avasthA ko prApta ho jAtI hai yA samyaktva-avasthA ko / isa guNasthAna kA nAma mizra arthAt samyaka-mithyAdRSTi hai|

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jaina dRSTi se cAritra - vikAsa : 33 graMthibheda va samyak zraddhA : mithyAtva - avasthA me rahI huI AtmA anukUla saMyogo arthAt kAraNo kI vidyamAnatA ke kAraNa moha kA prabhAva kucha kama hone para jaba vikAsa kI ora agrasara hone kA prayatna karatI hai tava usame tIvratama rAga-dvepa ko kicit mada karane vAlA balavizeSa utpanna hotA hai / ise jaina karmazAstra me grathibheda kahA jAtA hai / grathibheda kA artha hai tIvratama rAga-dveSa arthAt moharUpa gA~Tha kA chedana arthAt zithilIkaraNa / grathibheda kA kArya vaDA kaThina hotA hai / isake lie AtmA ko bahuta laMbA sagharSa karanA paDatA hai / caturtha guNasthAna AtmA kI vaha avasthA hai jisame moha kI zithi latA ke kAraNa samyak zraddhA arthAt sadasadviveka to vidyamAna rahatA hai kintu samyak cAritra kA abhAva hotA hai / isame vicAra-zuddhi ko vidyamAnatA hote hue bhI AcAra-zuddhi kA asadbhAva hotA / isa guNasthAna kA nAma avirata samyagdRSTi hai | dezavirati : dezavirata - samyagdRSTi nAmaka pAMcave guNasthAna me vyakti kI Atmika zakti aura vikasita hotI hai / vaha pUrNa rUpa se samyak cAritra kI ArAdhanA to nahI kara pAtA kintu Azika rUpa se usakA pAlana avazya karatA hai / isI avasthA me sthita vyakti ko jaina AcArazAstra me upAsaka athavA zrAvaka kahA gayA hai | zrAvaka kI Azika cAritra sAdhanA aNuvrata ke nAma se prasiddha hai| aNuvrata kA artha hai sthUla, choTA athavA Azika vrata arthAt cAritra athavA 3

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34 : jaina AcAra niyama / aNuvratI upAsaka pUrNarUpeNa athavA sUkSmatayA samyak cAritra kA pAlana karane me asamartha hotA hai| vaha moTe taura para hI cAritra kA pAlana karatA hai / sthUla hiMsA, jhUTha Adi kA tyAga karate hue apanA vyavahAra calAtA huA tkicit AdhmAtmika sAdhanA karatA hai| sarvavirati : chaThe guNasthAna me sAdhaka kucha aura Age baDhatA hai| vaha dezavirati arthAt AMzikavirati se sarvavirati arthAt pUrNavirati kI ora AtA hai| isa avasthA meM vaha pUrNatayA samyak cAritra kI ArAdhanA prArambha kara detA hai| usakA vrata aNuvrata na kahalA kara mahAvrata kahalAtA hai| vaha aNuvratI upAsaka athavA zrAvaka na kahalA kara mahAvratI sAdhaka athavA zramaNa kahalAtA hai| usakA hiMsAdi kA tyAga sthUla na hokara sUkSma hotA hai, aNu na hokara mahAn hotA hai, choTA na hokara bar3A hotA hai| yaha saba hote hue bhI aisA nahI kahA jA sakatA ki isa avasthA me sthita sAdhaka kA cAritra sarvathA vizuddha hotA hai arthAt usame kisI prakAra kA doSa AtA hI nahI / yahA~ pramAdAdi doSo kI thoDI-bahuta sabhAvanA rahatI hai ataeva isa guNasthAna kA nAma pramatta-sayata rakhA gayA hai| sAdhaka apanI AdhyAtmika paristhiti ke anusAra isa bhUmikA se nIce bhI gira sakatA hai tathA Upara bhI caDha sakatA hai| apramatta avasthA sAtave guNasthAna meM sthita sAdhaka pramAdAdi doSo se rahita

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jaina dRSTi se cAritra-vikAsa : 35 hokara AtmasAdhanA me lagna hotA hai| isIlie ise apramattasayata guNasthAna kahA jAtA hai| isa avasthA me rahe hue sAdhaka ko pramAdajanya vAsanAe~ ekadama nahIM choDa detii| ve bIca-bIca me use parezAna karatI rahatI haiN| pariNAmataH vaha kabhI pramAdAvasthA meM vidyamAna rahatA hai to kabhI apramAdAvasthA me| isa prakAra sAdhaka kI naiyA chaThe va sAtave guNasthAna ke bIca me DolatI rahatI hai| apUrvakaraNa : yadi sAdhaka kA cAritra-bala vizeSa balavAn hotA hai aura vaha pramAdApramAda ke isa saMgharSa me vijayI vana kara vizeSa sthAyI apramatta-avasthA prApta kara letA hai to use tadanugAmI eka aisI zakti kI samprApti hotI hai jisase rahe-sahe moha-bala ko bhI naSTa kiyA jA sake / isa guNasthAna me sAdhaka ko apUrva AtmaparimANarUpa zuddhi arthAt pahale kabhI prApta na huI viziSTa AtmaguNazuddhi kI prApti hotI hai / cU~ki isa avasthA me rahA huA sAdhaka apUrva AdhyAtmika karaNa arthAt pUrva me aprApta AtmaguNarUpa sAdhana prApta karatA hai athavA usake karaNa arthAt cAritrarUpa kriyA kI apUrvatA hotI hai ata isakA nAma apUrvakaraNa-guNasthAna hai| isakA dUsarA nAma nivRtti-guNasthAna bhI hai kyoki isame bhAvo kI arthAt adhyavasAyo kI viSayAbhimukhatA--puna. viSayo kI ora lauTane kI kriyA vidyamAna rahatI hai|

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jaina 36 : AcAra sthUla kaSAya : dRSTa, zruta athavA bhukta viSayo kI AkAMkSA kA abhAva hone ke kAraNa nave guNasthAna me adhyavasAyoM kI viSayAbhimukhatA nahI hotI arthAt bhAva puna. viSayo kI ora nahI lauTate / isa prakAra bhAvo -adhyavasAyo kI anivRtti ke kAraNa isa avasthA kA nAma anivRtti - guNasthAna rakhA gayA hai| isa guNasthAna me AtmA bAdara arthAt sthUla kaSAyo ke upazamana athavA kSapaNa me tatpara rahatI hai ata. ise anivRtti - bAdara - guNasthAna, anivRttibAdara-samparAya ( kapAya ) guNasthAna athavA bAdara- samparAya guNasthAna bhI kahA jAtA hai / sUkSma kapAya : dasavA~ guNasthAna sUkSma-samparAya ke nAma se prasiddha hai / isame sUkSma lobharUpa kaSAya kA hI udaya rahatA hai / zranya kapAyo kA upazama athavA kSaya ho cukA hotA hai / upazAMta kapAya : jo sAdhaka krodhAdi kapAyo ko naSTa na kara upazAnta karatA huA hI Age vaDhatA hai - vikAsa karatA hai vaha kramaza: cAritra - zuddhi karatA huA gyArahave guNasthAna ko prApta karatA hai / isa guNasthAna me sAdhaka ke samasta kapAya upazAnta ho jAte haiM - daba jAte haiM / isIlie isakA upazAnta-kapAya guNasthAna athavA upazAnta-moha guNasthAna nAma sArthaka hai / isa guNasthAna me sthita

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jaina dRSTi se cAritra-vikAsa : 37 AtmA moha ko eka bAra sarvathA davA to detI hai kintu nirmUla nAza ke abhAva me dabA huA moha rAkha ke nIce dabI huI agni kI bhA~ti samaya Ane para puna. apanA prabhAva dikhAne lagatA hai| pariNAmata. AtmA kA patana hotA hai| AtmA isa avasthA se eka bAra avazya nIce giratI hai-isa bhUmikA se gira kara nIce kI kisI bhUmikA para A TikatI hai| yahA~ taka ki isa guNasthAna se girane vAlI AtmA kabhI-kabhI savase nIcI bhUmikA arthAt mithyAtva-guNasthAna taka pahuMca jAtI hai| isa prakAra kI AtmA puna apane prayAsa dvArA kaSAyo ko upazAnta athavA naSTa karatI huI pragati kara sakatI hai| kSINa kaSAya: kaSAyoM ko naSTa kara Age bar3hane vAlA sAdhaka dasave guNasthAna ke anta me lobha ke antima avazeSa ko vinaSTa kara moha se sarvathA mukti prApta kara letA hai| isa avasthA kA nAma kSINakaSAya athavA kSINa-moha guNasthAna hai| isa guNasthAna ko prApta karane vAle vyakti kA kabhI patana nahI hotA / gyArahave guNasthAna se viparIta svarUpa vAle isa bArahaveM guNasthAna kI yahI vizepatA hai| sadeha muktiH moha kA kSaya hone para jJAnAdinirodhaka anya karma bhI naSTa ho jAte haiN| pariNAmata. AtmA me vizuddha jJAnajyoti prakaTa hotI hai| AtmA kI isI avasthA kA nAma sayogi kevalI guNasthAna

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38 : jaina AcAra hai / kevalI kA artha hai kevalajJAna arthAt sarvathA vizuddhajJAna se yukta / sayogI kA artha hai yoga arthAt kAyika Adi pravRttiyoM se yukta / jo vizuddha jJAnI hote hue bhI zArIrika pravRttiyo se mukta nahI hotA vaha sayogI kevalI kahalAtA hai| yaha terahavA guNasthAna hai| videha bhaktiH terahaveM guNasthAna meM sthita sayogI kevalI jaba apanI deha se mukti pAne ke lie vizuddha dhyAna kA Azraya lekara mAnasika, vAcika evaM kAyika vyApAro ko sarvathA roka detA hai taba vaha AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI parAkASThA para pahuMca jAtA hai / AtmA kI isI avasthA kA nAma ayogi-kevalI guNasthAna hai| yaha cAritra-vikAsa athavA AtmavikAsa kI carama avasthA hai / isame AtmA utkRSTatama zukladhyAna dvArA sumeru parvata kI taraha niSprakampa sthiti ko prApta kara anta me dehatyAgapUrvaka siddhAvasthA ko prApta hotI hai| isI kA nAma paramAtma-pada, svarUpasiddhi, mukti, nirvANa, nirguNa-brahmasthiti, apunarAvRtti-sthAna athavA mokSa hai| yaha AtmA kI sarvAgINa pUrNatA, pUrNa kRtakRtyatA evaM parama puruSArtha-siddhi hai / isame AtmA ko ananta evaM avyAbAdha alaukika sukha kI prApti hotI hai| jaina guNasthAna, vauddha avasthAe~ va vaidika bhUmikAe~ : jaina darzana kI taraha anya bhAratIya darzanoM ne bhI AtmA ke kramika vikAsa kA vicAra kiyA hai| yaha vicAra vaidika paramparA

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jaina dRSTi se cAritra-vikAsa : 39 me bhUmikAo tathA bauddha vicAradhArA me avasthAoM ke nAma se prasiddha hai| vaidika paramparA ke yogavAsiSTha, pAtaMjala yogasUtra Adi grantho me AtmavikAsa kI bhUmikAo kA paryApta vivecana hai / vauddha darzana meM bhI AtmA kI sasAra, mokSa Adi avasthAeM mAnI gaI haiM ata usame AtmavikAsa kA varNana svAbhAvika hai| yaha varNana majjhimanikAya Adi bauddha grantho me upalabdha hai| yogavAsiSThavaNita caudaha bhUmikAe~ jainazAstrokta caudaha guNasthAnoM se kucha-kucha milatI huI haiN| ina caudaha bhUmikAo me se sAta ajJAna kI tathA sAta jJAna kI haiN| jaina paribhASA me inhe kramazaH mithyAtva tathA samyaktva kI avasthAeM kaha sakate haiN| majjhimanikAya me svarUponmukha hone kI sthiti se lekara svarUpa kI parAkASThA prApta karane taka kI sthiti kA paoNca avasthAo me vibhAjana kiyA gayA hai jinake nAma ye hai : 1. dharmAnusArI, 2 sotApanna, 3. sakadAgAmI, 4. anAgAmI aura 5. arhaa| jaina zAstrokta karmaprakRtiyo kI bhAMti majjhimanikAya me dasa sayojanAo kA varNana hai| ina sayojanAoM kA kramaza kSaya hone para sotApanna Adi avasthAe~ prApta hotI hai| sotApanna Adi cAra avasthAoM kA vikAsa-krama jainagranthokta cauthe se lekara caudahave taka ke guNasthAnoM se milatA-julatA hai| ina cAra avasthAoM ko caturtha Adi guNasthAno kA sakSipta rUpa kaha sakate haiN| yogadRSTiyA~: jisa prakAra pAtaMjala-yogasUtra me AtmavikAsa arthAt cAritravikAsa kI carama avasthArUpa mokSa kI siddhi ke lie yogarUpa

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40 : jaina AcAra sAdhana ke yama, niyamAdi ATha aMga batalAye gaye haiM usI prakAra AcArya haribhadrakRta yogadRSTisamuccaya me jainAbhimata ATha yogadRSTiyA~ batalAI gaI hai| ina dRpTiyo ke nAma isa prakAra haiM : 1 mitrA, 2 tArA, 3. balA, 4 dIpA, 5 sthirA, 6. kAntA, 7 prabhA aura 8 praa| dRSTi kA artha batAte hue yogadRSTisamuccaya me kahA gayA hai ki satzraddhAzruta bodha kA nAma dRSTiyathArtha dRSTi hai / isake dvArA vicArayukta zraddhA rakhane, nirNaya karane evaM satya padArtha kA jJAna karane kI zakti utpanna hotI hai / jyoMjyo dRSTi kI uccatA prApta hotI jAtI hai tyo-tyo cAritra kA vikAsa hotA jAtA hai| AcArya haribhadra ne isa vikAsa krama ko ukta ATha dRSTiyo ke mAdhyama se spaSTa kiyA hai| oghadRSTi va yogadRSTi: sAmAnyatayA dRSTi do prakAra kI hotI hai / oghadRSTi aura yogadRSTi / oghadRSTi kA artha hai sAmAnya athavA sAdhAraNa dRsstti| janasamUha kI sAmAnya dRSTi jisame vicAra athavA viveka kA abhAva hotA hai, oghadRSTi kahalAtI hai| isame gatAnugatikatA kA sadbhAva eva cintanazIlatA kA abhAva hotA hai| yogadRSTi kA svalpa isase viparIta hai| isame sthita vyakti me vivekazIlatA vidyamAna rahatI hai / AcArya haribhadrokta ATha dRSTiyo kA samAveza yogadRSTi me hotA hai / dUsare zabdo me mitrAdi ATha dRSTiyA~ yogadRSTiyA~ kahalAtI hai| inhI dRSTiyo ke samUha kA nAma yogadRSTisamuccaya hai| ina ATha dRSTiyo me se prathama cAra dRSTiyA~

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jaina dRSTi se cAritra-vikAsa : 41 mithyAdRSTi jIvo ko bhI ho sakatI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki inase patana kI bhI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai| antima cAra dRSTiyA~ niyamataH samyagdRSTi ko hI hotI haiM ata ye apratipAtI hai-inase patana kabhI nahIM hotA / prathama cAra dRSTiyA~ asthira hai jabaki antima cAra sthira haiN| mitrAdRSTi va yama : mitrAdRSTi yoga ke prathama aMga yama ke samakakSa hai| isame ahiMsA, satya, asteya, maithunaviramaNa evaM aparigraha rUpa pAca yama sAmAnyatayA vidyamAna hote hai| isa dRSTi me prApta vodha tRNa kI agni ke samAna hotA hai| jaise vRNapuMja zIghratA se jalakara zIghra hI zAnta ho jAtA hai vaise hI mitrAdRSTi me bodha zIghra utpanna hokara zIghra hI samApta ho jAtA hai| yaha vodha ati sAmAnya prakAra kA hotA hai| isame sthAyitva jarA bhI nahI hotA / isa dRSTi kA lakSaNa 'akheda' hai arthAt isa dRSTi meM sthita vyakti ko zubha kArya karate z2arA bhI kheda nahI hotA-acchA kAma karate tanika bhI dukha nahIM hotaa| itanA hI nahI, vaha azubha kArya karane vAle ke prati 'adveSa' vatti rakhatA hai arthAt burA kAma karane vAle para krodha na lAte hue athavA usase ghRNA na karate hue use dayA kA pAtra samajhatA hai / isa advepavRtti ke kAraNa usame sahiSNutA utpanna hotI hai| tArASTiva niyama : tArAdRSTi yoga ke dvitIya aMga niyama ke samakakSa hai| isame

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42 : jaina AcAra zauca, saMtopa, tapa, svAdhyAya evaM IzvarapraNidhAna kI vidyamAnatA hotI hai| zArIrika va mAnasika zuddhi kA nAma zauca hai / jIvana ke lie anivArya padArthoM ke atirikta anya vastuoM kI aspRhA ko santoSa kahate haiN| kSudhA, pipAsA Adi parISaha tathA anya prakAra ke kaSTa sahana karanA tapa hai| granthAdi ke adhyayana kA artha hai svAdhyAya / paramAtmatattva kA cintana IzvarapraNidhAna kahalAtA hai| isa dRSTi me bodha kaDe kI agni ke samAna hotA hai jo kucha samaya taka TikatA hai| jisa prakAra mitrAdRSTi me akheda evaM adveSa guNa utpanna hotA hai usI prakAra tArAdRSTi me 'jijJAsA' guNa paidA hotA hai| isake kAraNa vyakti ke mana meM tattvajJAna kI abhilASA utpanna hotI hai| isa dRSTi me zubha kArya karane kI pravRtti vizeSa balavatI evaM vegavatI hotI hai| isakI siddhi ke lie vyakti aneka prakAra ke niyama aMgIkAra karatA hai| use yogakathA se bahuta prema hotA hai| anya prakAra kI kathAno me Ananda nahI AtA / yogiyoM-sAdhako ke prati usake hRdaya me mAna bar3ha jAtA hai| valAdRSTi va Asana : balAdRSTi me sAdhya kA darzana vizeSa dRDha evaM spaSTa hotA hai| AtmA 'granthibheda' ke samIpa pahu~ca jAtI hai| use eka aise vala kA anubhava hotA hai jo pahale kabhI na huA ho| isa dRSTi me sthita vyakti kI aisI manovRtti ho jAtI hai ki usakI paudgalika padArthaviSayaka tRSNA zAnta ho jAtI hai| pariNAmataH

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jaina dRSTi se cAritra - vikAsa : 43 usame aisI svabhAvasaumyatA utpanna ho jAtI hai ki sthiratA ke abhyAsa ke rUpa me use Asana nAmaka tRtIya yogAga kI prApti hotI hai | prathama do dRSTiyo me jaise advepa va jijJAsA guNa prApta hote haiM vaise hI isa dRSTi me zuzrUpA arthAt zravaNecchA guNa kI prApti hotI hai / isase vyakti ko tattvazravaNa kI prabala icchA hotI hai / use tattvazravaNa me ati zrAnanda kA anubhava hotA hai / isa dRSTi me prApta bodha kASTha kI agni ke sadRza hotA hai / yaha tArAdRSTi me prApta bodha kI apekSA adhika sthira hotA hai / isa dRSTi kI eka mahattvapUrNa vizeSatA yaha hai ki isame satpravRtti karate hue prAya vighna upasthita nahI hote prata. Arambha kiye hue zubha kArya ThIka taraha pUre ho jAte haiM / kadAcit vighna A jAya to bhI usake nivAraNa kI upAyakuzalatA prApta hone ke kAraNa vaha bAdhaka siddha nahI ho pAtA / dIprAdRSTi va prANAyAma : dIprA nAmaka caturtha dRSTi me yoga ke caturtha aga prANAyAmazvAsaniyantraNa kI prApti hotI hai / jisa prakAra prANAyAma kI recaka, pUraka va kumbhakarUpa tIna avasthAeM haiM usI prakAra isa dRSTi kI bhI tIna avasthAeM haiM / yahA~ bAhyabhAva- niyantraNarUpa recaka, AntarikabhAva - niyantraNarUpa pUraka eva sthiratArUpa kubhaka hotA hai | yaha prAdhyAtmika prANAyAma hai / isa dRSTi me prApta honevAlA bodha dIpaprabhA - dIpaka kI jyoti ke samAna hotA hai / yahA~ zravaNa guNa kI prApti hotI hai / balAdRSTi me prApta zuzrUSA dIprA

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44 : jaina AcAra dRSTi meM zravaNa ke rUpa meM pariNata hotI hai| isase vodha adhika spaSTa hotA hai / isa dRSTi me sthita vyakti ko dharma arthAt sadAcaraNa para itanI adhika zraddhA hotI hai ki vaha usake lie prANArpaNa karane ko bhI taiyAra rahatA hai| usako dRSTi me zarIra kA utanA mUlya nahIM hotA jitanA ki dharma kA-cAritra kA / itanA hote hue bhI isa dRSTi me sUkSma bodha kA to abhAva hI rahatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki caturtha dRSTi taka pahuMca kara bhI prANI kabhI-kabhI patita ho jAtA hai-punaH nIce gira paDatA hai| sthirAiSTi va pratyAhAra : upayukta cAra dRSTiyo taka kama-jyAdA mAtrA me abhinivezaAsakti kI vidyamAnatA rahatI hai| vyakti ko satyAsatya kI sunizcita pratIti nahI hotI / sUkSma bodha ke abhAva me vaha tattvAtattva kI samucita parIkSA nahI kara pAtA / yA to apanI mAnyatA ko satya mAnakara calatA hai yA pUrI parIkSA kiye vinA jisa kisI kA anusaraNa karatA hai| prANI kI isa prakAra kI sthiti ko 'avedyasavedya pada' kahA jAtA hai| abhiniveza kA abhAva hone para sUkSma vodha ke kAraNa vyakti ko satyAsatya kI sunizcita pratIti hotI hai-tattvAtattva kA nizcita jJAna hotA hai| isa sthiti kA nAma hai 'vedyasavedya pada' / ( kSAyika ) samyaktva kI prApti ke kAraNa hI isa pada kI prApti hotI hai| prathama cAra dRSTiyo me samyaktva kI bhajanA hai arthAt iname samyaktva hotA bhI hai aura naho bhI / sthirA nAmaka pA~cavI dRSTi me nizcita rUpa se

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jaina dRSTi se cAritra-vikAsa : 45 samyaktva hotA hai| yaha samyaktva granthibheda ke kAraNa prApta hotA hai| isake bAda sAdhaka kA patana nahIM hotaa| vaha nizcita rUpa se Age bar3hatA jAtA hai AdhyAtmika unnati karatA jAtA hai| usake cAritra meM kisI prakAra kA doSa nahI AtA-kisI prakAra kI zithilatA nahI pAtI / sthirAdRSTi me bodha ratnaprabhA ke samAna hotA hai| usame paryApta sthiratA A jAtI hai jisake kAraNa AtmA ko sAdhya kA sAkSAt anubhava hone lagatA hai| isa dRSTi me vipayavikAra-tyAgarUpa pratyAhAra nAmaka pacama yogAga kI prApti hotI hai jisase AtmA indriyaviSayo kI ora AkRSTa na hotI huI svarUpa kI ora jhukatI hai| jisa prakAra pUrvokta cAra dRSTiyo me kramazaH adveSa ,jijJAsA, zubhUSA evaM zravaNa guNa kI prApti hotI hai usI prakAra isa pA~cavI dRSTi me sUkSmabodha guNa utpanna hotA hai / isa dRSTi me sthita vyakti kI caryA sAmAnyatayA aisI ho jAtI hai ki use aticArarUpa dopa bahuta kama lagate haiM-nahI ke barAbara lagate hai| vaha aneka yaugika guNa prApta karatA hai, jaise acaMcalatA athavA sthiratA, nIrogatA, akaThoratA, malAdiviSayaka alpatA, svarasundaratA, janapriyatA Adi / kAntAdRSTi ca dhAraNA: kAntA nAmaka chaThI dRSTi meM padArpaNa karane ke pUrva sAdhaka ko yaugika siddhiyAM prApta ho cukI hotI haiN| kAntAdRSTi me use dhAraNA nAmaka yogAga kI prApti hotI hai| dhAraNA kA artha hai kisI padArtha ke eka bhAga para citta kI sthirtaa| yaha dRSTi

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46 : jaina AcAra prApta hone para citta kI caMcalatA aura kama ho jAtI hai jisase mana ko aura adhika sthira kiyA jA sakatA hai| yahAM mImAMsA guNa kI prApti hotI hai jisase vyakti kI sadasatparIkSaNazakti vizeSa baDha jAtI hai| usakA bodha tAre kI prabhA ke samAna hotA hai| jaise tArA ekasA prakAza detA hai vaise hI isa dRSTivAle prANI kA bodha ekasA spaSTa evaM sthira hotA hai| usakA cAritra svabhAvataH niraticAra hotA hai, anuSThAna zuddha hotA hai, AcaraNa pramAdarahita hotA hai, Azaya udAra evaM gaMbhIra hotA hai| bhavaudvega ke pUrNa vikAsa ke kAraNa usakA saMsArasambandhI rAga naSTaprAyaH ho jAtA hai-mAyA va mamatA se use antaHkaraNapUrvaka virakti ho jAtI hai| usakA mana zrutadharma me bahuta Asakta rahatA hai| usakI karmapracuratA dhIre-dhIre kama hotI jAtI hai| prabhAdRSTi va dhyAna : prabhA nAmaka sAtavI dRSTi me dhyAna nAmaka yogAMga kI prApti hotI hai| kisI eka padArtha para antarmuhUrtaparyanta hone vAlI citta kI ekAgratA ko dhyAna kahate haiM / yaha dhyeya vastu me hone vAlI ekAkAra cittavRtti ke pravAha ke rUpa me prasphuTita hotA hai| dhAraNA me cittavRtti kI sthiratA ekadezIya tathA alpakAlIna hotI hai jabaki dhyAna me vaha pravAharUpa tathA dIrghakAlIna hotI hai| prabhAdRSTi me bodha sUrya kI prabhA ke samAna hotA hai jo laMbe samaya taka atispaSTa rahatA hai| yahA~ pratipatti guNa kI prApti hotI hai arthAt kAntAdRSTi me vicArita-parIkSita-mImAsita tattva kA grahaNa hotA hai-amala prAraMbha hotA hai| sarva vyAdhiyo ke

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jaina dRSTi se cAritra - vikAsa : 47 1 uccheda ke kAraNa zamasukha -- apUrvaM zAnti kI anubhUti hotI karmamala kSINaprAyaH ho jAtA hai / isa avasthA ko pAtaMjala yogadarzana kI paribhASA me prazAntavAhitA kaha sakate 1 parAdRSTi va samAdhi : AThavI parAdRSTi yoga ke antima aMga samAdhi ke samakakSa hai / dhAraNA se prArambha hone vAlI ekasya cittatA dhyAnAvasthA ko pAra karatI huI samAdhi me paryavasita hotI hai / dhAraNA me cittavRtti kI sthiratA ekadezIya arthAt apravAharUpa hotI hai / dhyAna me cittavRtti kA ekAkAra pravAha calatA hai kintu vaha satata dhArArUpa nahI hotA apitu thoDe samaya vAda - antamuhUrta me usakA viccheda ho jAtA hai / samAdhi me cittavRtti kA pravAha avichinna rUpa se bahatA hai / isame ekAgratA sthAyI hotI hai kyoki yahA~ dhyAna me vikSepa karane vAle kAraNoM kA abhAva hotA hai | parAdRSTi me bodha candra ke udyota ke samAna zAnta evaM sthira hotA hai / yahA~ pravRtti guNa kI prApti hotI hai arthAt prabhAdRSTi me prApta pratipatti guNa isa dRSTi pUrNatA ko prApta hotA hai / pariNAmataH AtmA kI svaguNa me arthAt svarUpa meM sampUrNatayA pravRtti hotI hai / isa avasthA me kisI bhI prakAra ke doSa kI sambhAvanA nahI rahatI / anta me grAtmA ko akhaMDa AnandarUpa ananta sukha kI prApti hotI hai jise bhAratIya dArzaniko ne mokSa athavA nirvANa kahA hai tathA jo samyakvicAra eva sadAcAra kA dhyeya mAnA gayA hai aura jisame samyagdRSTi va saccAritra kA paryavasAna hotA hai / me

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wwww WWW jaina AcAra - grantha AcArAga upAsakadazAga dazavaikAlika Avazyaka dazAzrutaskandha bRhatkalpa vyavahAra nizItha mahAnizItha jItakalpa mulAcAra malA rAdhanA ratnakaraNDaka-zrAvakAcAra vasunandi-zrAvakAcAra sAgAra dharmAmRta anagAra dharmAmRta

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jaina AcAra-grantha jaina AcAra kA prArabha dezavirati arthAt AMzika vairAgya se hotA hai| isa avasthA ko paMcama guNasthAna kahate haiN| isame vyakti aNuvrato-choTe vrato kA pAlana karatA hai| isa bhUmikA para sthita vyakti ko upAsaka athavA zrAvaka kahA jAtA hai| isake bAda kI avasthA sarvavirati ke rUpa me hotI hai| isame vyakti pUrNatayA virakta ho jAtA hai| isa avasthA ko SaSTha guNasthAna kahate hai / isame sthita zramaNa athavA nigraMntha mahAnato-baDe vrato kA pAlana karatA hai| isa bhUmikA ko AcArya haribhadrapratipAdita mitrA-yogadRSTi evaM pataMjalinirdiSTa yama-yogAga ke samakakSa mAnA jA sakatA hai| isake bAda cAritra kA dhIre-dhIre vikAsa hotA jAtA hai jisake kAraNa karmagranthokta apramatta Adi avasthAo kI prApti hotI hai| jaina AcAryoM ne zramaNAcAra eva zrAvakAcAra dono se sambandhita granthoM kA nirmANa kiyA hai| ina grantho me zvetAmvara paramparAbhimata AcA rAga, upAsakadazAMga, dazavaikAlika, Avazyaka, dazAzrutaskandha, vRhakalpa, vyavahAra, nizItha, mahAnizItha va jItakalpa tathA digambara paramparAbhimata mUlAcAra, mUlArAdhanA, ratnakaraNDakazrAvakAcAra, vasunaMdizrAvakAcAra, sAgAradharmAmRta va anagAradharmAmRta mukhya haiN| AcArAMga: samagra jaina AcAra kI AdhArazilA prathama aMgasUtra AcArAma

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52 : jaina hai / yaha do zrutaskandhoM meM vibhakta hai / prathama zrutaskandha gaNadharakRta tathA dvitIya zrutaskandha sthavirakRta hai / prathama zrutaskandha me pahale nau adhyayana the kintu mahAparijJA nAmaka eka adhyayana kA lopa ho jAne ke kAraNa aba isame ATha adhyayana hI raha gaye hai / ina adhyayano ke nAma isa prakAra haiM : 1 zastraparijJA, 2. lokavijaya, 3. zItoSNIya, 4. samyaktva, 5. lokasAra athavA AvaMtI, 6. ghUta, 7 vimokSa aura 8. upadhAnazruta / ye adhyayana vibhinna uddezo me vibhakta hai / prathama adhyayana ke sAta uddeza hai | dvitIya Adi adhyayanoM ke kramaza cha, cAra, cAra, cha, pA~ca, ATha aura cAra uddeza haiN| isa prakAra prathama zrutaskandha me saba milA kara cauvAlIsa uddeza haiM / ye uddeza choTe-choTe sUtroM me vibhakta haiM / prathama zrutaskandha ke adhyayano kA saMyukta nAma 'brahmacaryaM ' hai / isIlie AcArya zIlAMka ne apanI TIkA me isa zrutaskandha ko brahmacarya - zrutaskandha kahA hai / yahA~ brahmacarya kA artha sayama hai jo ahiMsA evaM samabhAva kI sAdhanA kA nAmAntara hai / dvitIya zrutaskandha ko niyuktikAra ne 'AcArAgra' nAma diyA hai / yaha vastutaH prathama zrutaskandha kA pariziSTa hai / isIlie ise AcAracUDA athavA AcAracUlikA bhI kahA jAtA hai / viSaya ke vizeSa spaSTIkaraNa kI dRSTi se isa prakAra kI cUlikAe~ grantho me jor3I jAtI haiM / AcArAgra athavA AcAracUlikArUpa dvitIya zrutaskandha pA~ca cUlAo me vibhakta hai / prathama cUlA me piNDeSaNAdi sAta tathA dvitIya cUlA me sthAna Adi sAta adhyayana haiN| tRtIya, caturtha evaM paMcama calAe~ eka-eka adhyayana ke rUpa me hI haiN| prathama cUlA ke prathama adhyayana ke gyAraha, dvitIya tathA AcAra

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jaina AcAra-grantha : 53 tRtIya adhyayanoM ke tIna-tona aura antima cAra adhyayanoM ke dodo uddeza haiN| dvitIyAdi cUlAo ke adhyayana eka-eka uddeza ke rUpa me hI haiN| upalabdha samagna jaina sAhitya me AcArAMga kA prathama zrutaskandha prAcInatama hai, yaha isakI prAkRta bhASA, taniSTha zailI va tadgata bhAvo se siddha hai| isake prathama adhyayana zastraparijJA ke sAta uddezo me hiMsA ke sAdhano arthAt zastro kA parijJAna karAte hue unake parityAga kA upadeza diyA gayA hai| jIvaviSayaka sayama isa adhyayana kA pratipAdya viSaya hai| prathama uddeza me jIva kA sAmAnya nirUpaNa karake dvitIyAdi uddezo me paTa jIvanikAyo kA kramaza. varNana kiyA gayA hai| pratyeka uddeza me yaha pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai ki jIvavadha se karmoM kA vandha hAtA hai ataeva virati hI kartavya hai| lokavijaya nAmaka dvitIya adhyayana cha uddezo me vibhakta hai| isakA pratipAdya viSaya loka kA baMdhana va usakA ghAta hai| isake cha. uddezo kA adhikAra arthAt pratipAdya viSaya kramazaH isa prakAra hai : 1 svajano me Asakti kA parityAga, 2 saMyama me zithilatA kA parityAga, 3 mAna aura artha me sAradRSTi kA parityAga, 4. bhoga me Asakti kA parityAga, 5. loka ke Azraya se sayama-nirvAha, 6. loka me mamatva kA parityAga / 'lokavijaya' kA zabdArtha hai kapAyarUpa bhAvaloka kA aupazamikAdi bhAvo dvArA nirasana / zItoSNIya nAmaka tRtIya adhyayana cAra uddezo me vibhakta hai / satkAra Adi anukUla parIpaha zIta tathA apamAna Adi pratikUla parISaha uSNa kahe jAte haiN| prastuta

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54 * jaina AcAra adhyayana me Antarika va bAhya zIta-uSNa kI carcA hai| isame yaha batAyA gayA hai ki zramaNa ko zItoSNa sparza, sukha-duHkha, anukUlapratikUla parIpaha, kaSAya, kAmavAsanA, zoka-saMtApa Adi ko sahana karanA cAhie tathA sadaiva tapa-saMyama-upazama ke lie udyata rahanA cAhie / prathama uddeza me asayamI kA, dvitIya uddeza me asayamI ke dukha kA, tRtIya uddeza me kevala kaSTa uThAnevAle zramaNa kA evaM caturtha uddeza me kaSAya ke vamana kA varNana hai| samyaktva nAmaka caturtha adhyayana bhI cAra uddezoM me vibhakta hai| prathama uddeza me samyakavAda arthAt yathArthavAda kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| dvitIya uddeza me dharmaprAvAduko kI parIkSA kA, tRtIya uddeza me anavadya tapa ke AcaraNa kA tathA caturtha uddeza me niyamana arthAt saMyama kA varNana hai| ina sabakA tAtparya yaha hai ki saMyamI ko sadeva samyaka jJAna, darzana, tapa aura cAritra me tatpara rahanA cAhie / paMcama adhyayana kA nAma lokasAra hai / yaha cha. uddezo me vibhakta hai| isakA dUsarA nAma AvatI bhI hai kyoki isake prathama tIna uddezo kA prArambha isI zabda se hotA hai / loka me dharma hI sArabhUta tattva hai| dharma / kA sAra jJAna,jJAna kA sAra saMyama va sayama kA sAra nirvANa hai| prastuta adhyayana me isI kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| prathama uddeza me hiMsaka, samAraMbhakartA tathA ekalavihArI ko amuni kahA gayA hai| dvitIya uddeza me virata ko muni tathA avirata ko parigrahI kahA gayA hai| tRtIya uddeza me muni ko aparigrahI eva kAmabhogo se virakta batAyA gayA hai| caturtha uddeza me agItArtha ke mArga me Ane vAle vighno kA nirUpaNa hai / paMcama uddeza me muni ko hrada arthAt

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jaina AcAra-grantha : 55 jalAzaya kI upamA dI gaI hai| chaThe uddeza me unmArga evaM rAgadveSa ke parityAga kA upadeza diyA gayA hai| paSTha adhyayana kA nAma dhUta hai| isame bAhya va Antarika padArthoM ke parityAga tathA Atmatattva kI parizuddhi kA upadeza diyA gayA hai ata. isakA dhUta (phaTaka kara dhoyA huA-zuddha kiyA huA) nAma sArthaka hai| isake prathama uddeza me svajana, dvitIya me karma, tRtIya me upakaraNa aura zarIra, caturtha me gaurava tathA paMcama me upasarga aura sanmAna ke parityAga kA upadeza hai| mahAparijJA nAmaka saptama adhyayana vicchinna hai-lupta hai| isakI niyukti bhI upalabdha nahIM hai| niyuktikAra ne prArambha me isake viSaya kA mohajanya parISaha va upasarga ke rUpa meM nirdeza kiyA hai : mohasamutthA priishvsggaa| isase pratIta hotA hai ki isa adhyayana me nAnA prakAra ke mohajanya parISahoM aura upasargoM ko sahana karane ke viSaya me prakAza DAlA gayA hogaa| vimokSa nAmaka aSTama adhyayana me ATha uddeza hai| prathama uddeza me asamanojJa arthAt asamAna prAcAra vAle ke parityAga kA upadeza hai| dvitIya uddeza me akalpya arthAt agrAhya vastu ke grahaNa kA pratiSedha kiyA gayA hai| aMgaceSTA se sambandhita kathana yA zaMkA kA nivAraNa tRtIya uddeza kA vipaya hai| Age ke uddezoM meM sAmAnyataH bhikSu ke vakhAcAra kA varNana hai kintu vizeSata caturtha me vaikhAnasa evaM gArddhapRSTha maraNa, pacama me roga evaM bhaktaparijJA, SaSTha me ekatvabhAvanA evaM iMginImaraNa, saptama me pratimA evaM pAdapopagamana maraNa tathA ahama me vaya prApta zramaNo ke bhaktaparijJA, iginImaraNa evaM pAdapopagamana maraNa kI carcA hai| navama adhyayana kA nAma upadhAnazruta hai| isame

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56 : jaina AcAra vartamAna jainAcAra ke prarUpaka antima tIrthaMkara zramaNabhagavAn mahAvIra kI tapasyA kA varNana hai| prastuta adhyayana me bhagavAn mahAvIra ke sAdhakajIvana arthAt zramaNajIvana kI sarvAdhika prAcIna evaM vizvasanIya sAmagrI upalabdha hai| isake cAra uddezoM meM se prathama me zramaNabhagavAn kI caryA arthAt vihAra, dvitIya me zayyA arthAt vasati, tRtIya me parISaha arthAt upasarga tathA caturtha meM Ataka va tadvipayaka cikitsA kA varNana hai| ina saba kiyAoM me upadhAna arthAt tapa pradhAna rUpa se rahatA hai ataH isa adhyayana kA upadhAnazruta nAma sArthaka hai| isame mahAvIra ke lie 'zramaNabhagavAn', 'jJAtaputra', 'medhAvI', 'brAhmaNa', 'bhikSu', 'abahuvAdI' Adi vizeSaNoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| pratyeka uddeza ke anta me unhe matimAn brAhmaNa evaM bhagavAn kahA gayA hai| dvitIya zrutaskandha kI pA~ca cUlAo me se antima cUlA AcAraprakalpa athavA nizItha ko AcArAMga se kisI samaya pRthaka kara diyA gayA jisase AcArAMga me ava kevala cAra cUlAeM hI raha gaI hai| prathama zrutaskandha me Ane vAle vividha viSayo ko ekatra karake ziSyahitArtha cUlAo me sagRhIta kara spaSTa kiyA gyaa| iname kucha anukta viSayo kA bhI samAveza kara diyA gyaa| isa prakAra ina cUlAo ke pIche do prayojana the : ukta viSayo kA spaSTIkaraNa tathA anukta vipayoM kA grahaNa / prathama cUlA me sAta adhyayana haiM : 1. piNDaiSaNA, 2 zayyapaNA, 3. IryA, 4 bhASAjAta, 5 vastrapaNA, 6 pAtraSaNA, 7. avgrhprtimaa| dvitIya cUlA me bhI sAta adhyayana haiM : 1. sthAna, 2. nipIdhikA, 3. uccAraprasravaNa,

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jaina AcAra-grantha : 57 4. zabda, 5. rUpa, 6. parakriyA, 7 anyonyakriyA / tRtIya cUlA bhAvanA adhyayana ke rUpa me hai| caturtha cUlA vimukti-adhyayanarUpa hai / prathama cUlA kA prathama adhyayana gyAraha uddezo me vibhakta hai| iname bhikSu-bhikSuNI kI piNDaipaNA arthAt AhAra kI gaveSaNA ke vipaya me vidhi-niSedho kA nirUpaNa hai| zayyaiSaNA nAmaka dvitIya adhyayana me zramaNa-zramaNI ke rahane ke sthAna arthAt vasati kI gaveSaNA ke viSaya me prakAza DAlA gayA hai| isa adhyayana me tIna uddeza haiN| IryA nAmaka tRtIya adhyayana me sAdhu-sAdhvI kI IryA arthAt gamanAgamanarUpa kriyA kI zuddhi-azuddhi kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai / isame tIna uddeza haiN| bhApAjAta nAmaka caturtha adhyayana ke do uddeza haiM jiname bhikSu-bhikSuNI kI vANI kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai / prathama uddeza me solaha prakAra kI vacanavibhakti tathA dvitIya me kapAyajanaka vacanaprayoga kI vyAkhyA hai| pacama adhyayana vastrapaNA ke bhI do uddeza hai| iname se prathama me vastragrahaNasambandhI tathA dvitIya me vastradhAraNasambandhI carcA hai / SaSTha adhyayana pAtraiSaNA ke bhI do uddeza haiM jiname alAvu, kASTha va miTTI ke pAtra ke gaveSaNa eva dhAraNa kI carcA hai| avagrahapratimA nAmaka saptama adhyayana bhI do udezo me vibhakta hai jiname vinA anumati ke kisI bhI vastu ko grahaNa karane kA nipedha kiyA gayA hai| dvitIya cUlA ke prathama adhyayana sthAna me zarIra kI halana-calanarUpa kriyA kA niyamana karane vAlI cAra prakAra kI pratimAe~ arthAt pratijJAe~ varNita haiM jiname sayamI kI sthiti apekSita hai| dvitIya adhyayana niSIdhikA me svAdhyAyabhUmi ke sambandha me carcA hai|

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58 . jaina AcAra uccAra-prasravaNa nAmaka tRtIya adhyayana me mala-mUtra ke tyAga kI ahiMsaka vidhi batalAI gaI hai| zabda nAmaka caturtha adhyayana me vividha vAdyo, gIto, nRtyo, utsavoM Adi ke zabdo ko sunane kI lAlasA se yatra-tatra jAne kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai / rUpa nAmaka paMcama adhyayana me vividha prakAra ke rUpoM ko dekhane kI lAlasA kA pratiSedha kiyA gayA hai| SaSTha adhyayana parakriyA me anya dvArA zArIrika saMskAra, cikitsA Adi karavAne kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai / saptama adhyayana anyonyakriyA me paraspara cikitsA Adi karane-karavAne kA pratiSedha kiyA gayA hai| bhAvanA nAmaka tRtIya cUlA me pAMca mahAvrato kI bhAvanAo ke sAtha hI tadupadezaka bhagavAn mahAvIra kA jIvana bhI diyA gayA hai| vimukti nAmaka caturtha cUlA me mokSa kI carcA hai / muni ko AMzika evaM siddha ko pUrNa mokSa hotA hai / samudra ke samAna yaha saMsAra dustara hai| jo muni ise pAra kara lete haiM ve antakRta-vimukta kahe jAte haiN| isa prakAra AcArAga sUtra ni.sadeha bhagavAn mahAvIra dvArA pratipAdita AcArazAstra kA utkRSTatama graMtha hai| isame anagAradharma arthAt zramaNAcAra ke samasta mahattvapUrNa pakSoM kA sAragarbhita nirUpaNa hai| upAsakadazAMga: zrAvakAcAra arthAt sAgAradharma kA pratipAdaka upAsakadazAMga sAtavA aMgasUtra hai / isame bhagavAn mahAvIra ke dasa pradhAna upAsako-zrAvako ke Adarza caritra diye gaye haiN| inake nAma isa prakAra haiM 1. Ananda, 2 kAmadeva, 3 culanIpitA, 4 surA

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jaina AcAra-grantha : 59 deva, 5. cullazataka, 6. kuMDakolika, 7. saddAlaputra, 8. mahAzataka, 9 nadinopitA, 10. sAlihIpitA / Ananda nAmaka prathama adhyayana me zrAvaka ke bAraha vrato kA vizeSa varNana kiyA gayA hai| dazavaikAlika: uttarAdhyayanAdi mUlasUtro me dazavaikAlika kA bhI samAveza kiyA jAtA hai| isake kartA AcArya zayyabhava haiN| isame dasa adhyayana hai / anta me do cUlikAeM bhI hai| drumapuSpita nAmaka prathama adhyayana meM batAyA gayA hai ki jaise bhramara puSpoM ko vinA kaSTa pahu~cAye uname se rasa kA pAna kara apane Apako tRpta karatA hai vaise hI bhikSu AhAra Adi kI gaveSaNA me kisI ko tanika bhI kaSTa nahIM pahuMcAtA / zrAmaNyapUvika nAmaka dvitIya adhyayana meM batAyA gayA hai ki jo kAma-bhogo kA nivAraNa nahI kara sakatA vaha sakalpa-vikalpa ke adhIna hokara pada-pada para skhalita hotA huA zrAmaNya ko prApta nahI kara sktaa| jaise agaMdhana sarpa agni me jala kara prANa tyAganA svIkAra kara letA hai kintu vamana kiye hue vipa kA puna. pAna nahI karatA vaise hI saccA zramaNa tyAge hue kAma-bhogo kA kisI bhI paristhiti me puna. grahaNa nahIM krtaa| kSullikAcArakathA nAmaka tIsare adhyayana meM nirgrantho ke lie audda zika bhojana, krIta bhojana, rAtribhojana, rAjapiNDa Adi kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai tathA batAyA gayA hai ki jo grISmaRtu me AtApanA lete haiM, zItakAla meM ThaDa sahana karate haiM tathA varSARtu me eka sthAna para rahate haiM ve yatnazIla bhikSu kahe jAte haiN| cauthA

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60 : jaina AcAra adhyayana paTa jIvanikAya se sambandhita hai| isame pRthvIkAya, apakAya, tejaskAya, vAyukAya, vanaspatikAya va trasakAya ko mana, vacana va tana se hAni pahuMcAne kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai tathA sarva prANAtipAta-viramaNa, mRpAvAda-viramaNa, adattAdAna-viramaNa, maithuna-viramaNa aura parigraha-viramaNarUpa mahAnato evaM rAtribhojanaviramaNarUpa vrata kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| pAMcavA~ piNDaipaNA adhyayana do uddezo me vibhakta hai| iname bhikSAsambandhI vividha vidhi-vidhAna hai / chaThe adhyayana kA nAma mahAcArakathA hai / isame caturtha adhyayanokta cha. vrato eva cha jIvanikAyo kI rakSA kA vizepa vicAra kiyA gayA hai| sAtavA~ adhyayana vAkyazuddhi se sambandhita hai| sAdhu ko hamezA nirdopa, akarkaza evaM asaMdigdha bhApA bolanI caahie| AThave adhyayana kA nAma AcArapraNidhi hai / isame mana, vacana a. ra kAya se paTakAya jIvo ke prati ahiMsaka AcaraNa ke viSaya me aneka prakAra se vicAra kiyA gayA hai| vinayasamAdhi nAmaka navA~ adhyayana cAra uddezo me vibhakta hai| iname zramaNa ke vinayaguNa kA vividha dRSTiyo se vyAkhyAna kiyA gayA hai| sabhikSu nAmaka dasave adhyayana meM batAyA gayA hai ki jisakI jJAtaputra mahAvIra ke vacano me pUrNa zraddhA hai, jo paTkAya ke prANiyoM ko Atmavat samajhatA hai, jo pAMca mahAvrato kI ArAdhanA evaM pA~ca pAsravo kA nirodha karatA hai vaha bhikSu hai, ityAdi / rativAkya nAmaka prathama cUlikA me caMcala mana ko sthira karane kA upAya batAte hue kahA gayA hai ki jaise lagAma se cacala ghor3A vaza me ho jAtA hai, akuza se unmatta hAthI vaza me A

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jaina AcAra-grantha : 61 jAtA hai usI prakAra aThAraha vAto kA vicAra karane se caMcala citta sthira ho jAtA hai, ityAdi / viviktacaryA nAmaka dvitIya cUlikA me sAdhu ke kucha kartavyAkartavyoM kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| AcArAga, uttarAdhyayana aura dazavaikAlika me kucha bAteM zabdazaH va kucha arthata. milatI-julatI haiN| Avazyaka: Avazyaka kA samAveza bhI mUlasUtroM meM hotA hai| isame nitya __ ke kartavyo-Avazyaka anuSThAnoM kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| isake chaH adhyayana haiM : 1 sAmAyika, 2 caturviMzatistava, 3 vaMdana, 4. pratikramaNa, 5. kAyotsarga, 6. pratyAkhyAna / sAmAyika me yAvajjIvana-jIvanabhara ke lie saba prakAra ke sAbadha yoga-pApakArI kRtyoM kA tyAga kiyA jAtA hai| cavizatistava me caubIsa tIrthakaro kI stuti kI jAtI hai| vadana meM guru kA namaskArapUrvaka stavana kiyA jAtA hai| pratikramaNa me vratoM me lage aticAro kI AlocanA kI jAtI hai evaM bhaviSya meM una doSo kI punarAvRtti na karane kI pratijJA kI jAtI hai| kAyotsarga me zarIra se mamatva bhAva haTAkara use dhyAna ke lie sthira kiyA jAtA hai| pratyAkhyAna me eka nizcita avadhi ke lie cAra prakAra ke AhAraazana, pAna, khAdya aura svAdya kA tyAga kiyA jAtA hai| dazAbhUtaskandhaH dazAzrutaskandha, bRhatkalpa, vyavahAra, nizItha, mahAnizItha aura jItakalpa chedasUtra kahalAte haiN| saMbhavataH cheda nAmaka prAyazcitta

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62 : jaina AcAra ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue inheM chedasUtra nAma diyA gayA hai| chedasUtroM meM zramaNAcAra se sambandhita pratyeka viSaya kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| yaha pratipAdana utsarga, apavAda, doSa eva prAyazcitta se sambandhita hai| isa prakAra kA pratipAdana agAdi sUtro me nahI miltaa| isa dRSTi se chedasUtroM kA jaina AcArasAhitya me vizeSa mahatvapUrNa sthAna hai / dazAzrutaskandha, bRhatkalpa eva vyavahAra AcArya bhadrabAhu (prathama) kI kRtiyA~ mAnI jAtI hai| dazAzrutaskandha ko AcAradazA ke nAma se bhI jAnA jAtA hai| isame dasa adhyayana haiN| prathama adhyayana me druta gamana, apramArjita gamana, duSpramArjita gamana, atirikta zayyAsana Adi bIsa asamAdhisthAno kA ullekha hai| dvitIya adhyayana me hastakarma, maithunapratisevana, rAtribhojana, AdhAkarmagrahaNa, rAjapiNDagrahaNa Adi ikkIsa prakAra ke zabala-doSo kA varNana hai| tRtIya adhyayana me taitIsa prakAra kI AzAtanAo para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| caturtha adhyayana me ATha prakAra kI gaNisampadAo-AcAra-sampadA, zruta-sampadA, zarIrasampadA, vacana-sampadA, vAcanA-sampadA Adi kA varNana hai| paMcama adhyayana dasa prakAra ke cittasamAdhi-sthAno se sambandhita hai| SaSTha adhyayana me ekAdaza upAsaka-pratimAo tathA saptama adhyayana me dvAdaza bhikSu-pratimAo kA varNana hai| aSTama adhyayana kA nAma paryuSaNAkalpa hai| varSARtu me zramaNa kA eka sthAna para rahanA paryuSaNA kahalAtA hai| paryuSaNAvipayaka kalpa arthAt AcAra kA nAma hai paryuSaNAkalpa / prastuta adhyayana me paryuSaNAkalpa ke lie vizeSa upayogI mahAvIracaritasambandhI pA~ca hastottaro kA nirdeza kiyA

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jaina AcAra-grantha : 63 gayA hai : 1. hastottara nakSatra me mahAvIra kA devaloka se cyuta hokara garbha me AnA, 2 hastottara meM garbha-parivartana honA, 3 hastottara me janma-grahaNa karanA, 4. hastottara me pravrajyA lenA, 5 hastottara me hI kevalajJAna kI prApti honA / kalpasUtra ke rUpa me pracalita graMtha isI adhyayana kA pallavita rUpa hai| isame zramaNabhagavAn mahAvIra ke jIvanacaritra ke atirikta mukhya rUpa se pArzva, ariSTanemi aura RSabha-ina tIna tIrthaMkaro kI jIvanI bhI dI gaI hai| anta me / sthavirAvalI evaM sAmAcArI (zramaNa-jIvanasambandhI niyamAvalI) bhI jor3a dI gaI hai| navama adhyayana me tIsa mohanIya-sthAno kA / varNana hai| dazama adhyayana kA nAma AyatisthAna hai| isame vibhinna nidAna-karmoM arthAt mohajanya icchApUrtimUlaka saMkalpoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai jo janma-maraNa kI prApti ke kAraNa haiN| isa prakAra dazAzrutaskandha ke dasa adhyayano me se eka adhyayana zrAvakAcAra se sambandhita hai jisame upAsaka-pratimAo kA varNana hai| zeSa nau adhyayana zramaNAcArasambandhI haiN| vRhatkalpa : vRhatkalpa sUtra me cha. uddeza haiN| prathama uddeza me tAlapralamba, mAsakalpa, ApagagRha, ghaTImAtraka, cilimilikA, dakatIra, citrakarma, sAgArikanizrA, adhikaraNa, cAra, vairAjya, avagraha, rAtribhakta, adhvagamana, uccArabhUmi, svAdhyAyabhUmi, AryakSetra Adi viSayaka vidhi-niSedha upalabdha haiN| kahI-kahI apavAda eva prAyazcitta kI bhI carcA hai / dvitIya uddeza me prathama bAraha sUtra upAzrayaviSayaka haiN| Age ke teraha sUtro me AhAra, vastra va rajoharaNa kA

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64 : jaina AcAra vicAra kiyA gayA hai| tRtIya uddeza me upAzraya-praveza, carma, vastra, samavasaraNa, antaragRha, zayyA-saMstAraka, senA Adi se sambandhita vidhi-vidhAna hai / caturtha uddeza me batAyA gayA hai ki hastama, maithuna evaM rAtribhojana anudghAtika arthAt guru prAyazcitta ke yogya haiN| duSTa evaM pramatta zramaNa ke lie pArAMcika prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| sArmika stainya, anyadhArmika stainya evaM muSTiprahAra Adi ke lie anavasthApya prAyazcitta kI vyavasthA hai| paMDaka, klIva Adi pravrajyA ke ayogya hai| nigraMtha-ninthiyoM ko kAlAtikrAnta eva kSetrAtikrAnta aganAdi grahaNa karanA akalpya hai| unheM gagA, yamunA, sarayU, kozikA eva mahI nAmaka paoNca mahAnadiyA~ mahIne meM eka bAra se adhika pAra nahIM karanI caahie| airAvatI Adi choTI nadiyAM mahIne me do-tIna bAra pAra kI jA sakatI hai| pacama uddaza me brahmApAya, parihArakalpa, pulAkabhakta Adi dasa prakAra ke vipayoM se sambandhita doSo va prAyazcittoM kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| SaSTha uddeza me batAyA gayA hai ki nirgrantha-nirgranthiyo ko cha prakAra ke vacana nahI volane cAhie: alIka vacana, holita vacana, khisita vacana, paruSa vacana, gAI'sthika vacana aura vyavazamitodIraNa vacana / kalpasthiti-AcAramaryAdA chaH prakAra kI batAI gaI hai : sAmAyikasayatakalpasthiti, chedopasthApanIyasaMyatakalpasthiti, nirvizamAnakalpasthiti, niviSTakAyikakalpasthiti, jinakalpasthiti aura sthavirakalpasthiti / vyavahAra vRhatkalpa aura vyavahAra paraspara pUraka haiM / vyavahAra sUtra me dasa

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jaina AcAra-grantha : 65 uddeza haiM / pahale uddeza me niSkapaTa aura sakapaTa Alocaka, ekalavihArI sAdhu Adi se sambandhita prAyazcitto kA vidhAna hai| dUsare uddeza me samAna sAmAcArI vAle dopI sAdhugro se zcitta, sadopa rogI kI sevA, anavasthita Adi kI puna. saMyama me sthApanA, gaccha kA tyAga kara punaH gaccha me milane vAle kI parIkSA evaM prAyazcittadAna Adi para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| tIsare uddeza me nimnokta bAto kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai gacchAdhipati kI yogyatA, padavIdhAriyo kA AcAra, taruNa zramaNa kA AcAra, gaccha meM rahate hue athavA gaccha kA tyAga kara anAcAra sevana karane vAle ke lie prAyazcitta, mRSAvAdI ko padavI pradAna karane kA niSedha / caturtha uddez meM nimna viSayo para prakAza DAlA gayA hai. AcArya Adi padavIdhAriyo kA zramaNa-parivAra, AcArya Adi kI mRtyu ke samaya zramaNoM kA kartavya, yuvAcArya kI sthApanA ityaadi| pacama uddeza sAdhviyoM ke AcAra, sAdhu-sAdhviyo ke pArasparika vyavahAra; vaiyAvRtya Adi se sambandhita hai| SaSTha uddeza nimnokta viSayoM se sambandhita hai / sAdhuo ko apane sambandhiyo ke ghara kaise jAnA cAhie, AcArya Adi ke kyA atizaya haiM, zikSita evaM azikSita sAdhu me kyA vizepatA hai, maithunecchA ke lie kyA prAyazcitta hai ityaadi| sAtaveM uddeza me nimna vAto para prakAza DAlA gayA hai : saMbhogI arthAt sAthI sAdhu-sAdhviyo kA pArasparika vyavahAra, sAdhu-sAdhviyo kI dIkSA-pravrajyA, sAdhu-sAdhviyo ke AcAra kI bhinnatA, padavI pradAna karane kA samucita samaya, rAjyavyavasthA meM parivartana hone kI sthiti me zramaNo kA kartavya

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66 : jaina AcAra 1 Adi / AThave uddeza me zayyA - sastAraka Adi upakaraNa grahaNa karane kI vidhi para prakAza DAlA gayA hai / nave uddeza me makAnamAlika ke yahA~ rahe hue atithi Adi ke AhAra se sambandhita kalpAkalpa kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai, sAtha hI bhikSu- pratimAoM kA saMkSipta varNana kiyA gayA hai| dasave uddeza me yavamadhyapratimA, vajramadhya- pratimA, pAMca prakAra kA vyavahAra, bAladIkSA, vividha sUtro ke paThana-pAThana kI yogyatA Adi kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / nizItha : nizItha sUtra me cAra prakAra ke prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai : gurumAsika, laghumAsika, gurucAturmAsika aura laghucAturmAsika / yahA~ gurumAsa athavA mAsaguru kA artha upavAsa tathA laghumAsa athavA mAsalaghu kA artha ekAzana samajhanA caahie| yaha sUtra vIsa uddezo me vibhakta hai / prathama uddeza me nimnalikhita kriyAo ke lie gurumAsa kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai : hastakarma karanA, aMgAdAna ko kASThAdi kI nalI me DAlanA athavA kASThAdi kI nalI ko aMgAdAna me DAlanA, aMgulI Adi ko agAdAna me DAlanA athavA agAdAna ko aguliyo se pakaDanA yA hilAnA, agAdAna kA mardana karanA, aMgAdAna ke Upara kI tvacA dUra kara aMdara kA bhAga khulA karanA, puSpAdi sUghanA, U~ce sthAna para caDhane ke lie dUsaro se soDhI Adi rakhavAnA, dUsaro se pardA Adi vanavAnA, sUI Adi ThIka karavAnA, apane lie maoNga kara lAI huI sUI

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jaina AcAra-grantha . 67 Adi dUsaroM ko denA, pAtra Adi dUsaro se sApha karavAnA, sadoSa AhAra kA upabhoga karanA Adi : dvitIya uddeza me nimnokta kriyAyo ke lie laghumAsa kA vidhAna hai . dArudaNDa kA pAdaprochana banAnA, kIcaDa ke rAste meM patthara Adi rakhanA, pAnI nikalane kI nAlI Adi banAnA, sUI Adi ko svayameva ThIka karanA, jarAsA bhI kaThora vacana bolanA, hamezA eka hI ghara kA AhAra khAnA, dAnAdi lene ke pahale athavA vAda me dAtA kI prazasA karanA, niSkAraNa paricita gharoM meM praveza karanA, anyatIrthika athavA gRhastha kI sagati karanA, makAnamAlika ke ghara kA AhAra-pAnI grahaNa karanA Adi / tIsare, cauthe evaM pA~cave uddeza me bhI laghumAma se sambandhita kriyAo kA ullekha hai| chaThe uddeza meM maithunasambandhI nimnokta kriyAo ke lie gurucAturmAsika (anudghAtika ) prAyazcitta kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai : strI athavA purupa se maithunasevana ke lie prArthanA karanA, maithuna kI kAmanA se hastakarma karanA, strI kI yoni meM lakar3I Adi DAlanA, acitta chidra Adi meM aMgAdAna praviSTa kara zukra pudgala nikAlanA, vastra dUra kara nanna honA, nirlaja vacana bolanA, premapatra likhanA-likhavAnA, gudA athavA yoni meM liMga DAlanA, ulavAnA Adi / sAtave, bhAThave, nave, dasave va gyArahave uddeza meM bhI maithunavipayaka evaM anya prakAra kI dopapUrNa niyAjo ke lie gurucAturmAsika prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| bArahave se unnIsave uddeza taka laghucAturmAsika (udghAtika.) prAyazcitta se sambandhita kriyAo kA pratipAdana diyA gayA hai| ye kriyAeM

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68 : jaina AcAra isa prakAra haiM : pratyAkhyAna kA bAra-bAra bhaMga karanA, gRhastha ke vastra, bhAjana Adi kA upayoga karanA, darzanIya vastuo ko dekhane ke lie utkaMThita rahanA, prathama prahara me grahaNa kiyA huA AhAra caturtha prahara taka rakhanA, do kosa se Age jAkara AhAra lAnA, apane upakaraNa anyatIrthika athavA gRhastha se uThavAnA, hastarekhA Adi dekha kara phalAphala batAnA, matra-tatra sikhAnA, virecana lenA athavA aupadhi kA sevana karanA, zithilAcArI ko vadanAnamaskAra karanA, pAtrAdi mola lenA, mola livAnA, mola lekara dene vAle se grahaNa karanA, udhAra lenA, udhAra livAnA, udhAra lekara denevAle se grahaNa karanA, vATikA Adi me TaTTI-pezAba DAlanA, gRhastha Adi ko AhAra-pAnI denA, dampati ke zayanAgAra me praveza karanA, jugupsita kulo se AhArAdi grahaNa karanA, gIta gAnA, vAdyayantra bajAnA, nRtya karanA, akAraNa nAva me baiThanA, svAmI kI anumati ke binA nAva meM baiThanA, indramahotsava, skandamahotsava, yakSamahotsava, bhUtamahotsava Adi ke samaya svAdhyAya karanA, asvAdhyAya ke kAla me svAdhyAya karanA, svAdhyAya ke kAla me svAdhyAya na karanA, anyatIrthika athavA gRhastha ko paDhAnA yA usase paDhanA, zithilAcAriyoM ko paDhAnA athavA unase paDhanA Adi / bIsave uddeza me AlocanA eva prAyazcitta karate samaya lagane vAle vividha doSo ke lie vizeSa prAyazcitta kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| isa uddeza ke anta me tIna gAthAeM haiM jiname nizItha sUtra ke praNetA AcArya visAhagaNi-vizAkhagaNI kI prazasti kI gaI hai| nizItha sUtra jaina AcArazAstrAntargata nirgrantha

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jaina AcAra-grantha : 69 daNDazAstra kA ati mahattvapUrNa graMtha hai, isame koI sadeha nahI / mahAnizotha: upalabdha mahAnizItha bhApA va viSaya kI dRSTi se bahata prAcIna nahI mAnA jA sktaa| isame yatra-tatra Agametara atho va AcAryoM ke nAma bhI milate haiN| yaha cha. adhyayano va do cUlAo me vibhakta hai| prathama adhyayana me pAparUpI zalya kI nindA eva AlocanA kI dRSTi se aThAraha pApasthAnako kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / dvitIya adhyayana me karmavipAka kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| tRtIya va caturtha adhyayano me kuzIla sAdhuo kI sagati na karane kA upadeza hai| iname matra-tatra, namaskAra-matra, upadhAna, jinapUjA Adi kA vivecana hai| pacama adhyayana me gaccha ke svarUpa kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| SaSTha adhyayana me prAyazcitta ke dasa va AlocanA ke cAra bhedo kA vivecana hai| isame AcArya bhadra ke gaccha me pA~ca sau sAdhu va bAraha sau sAdhviyAM hone kA ullekha hai| cUlAo me susaDha Adi kI kathAe~ haiM / tRtIya adhyayana meM ullekha hai ki mahAnizItha ke dImaka ke khAjAne para haribhadrasUri ne isakA uddhAra eva saMzodhana kiyA tathA AcArya siddhasena, vRddhavAdI, yakSasena, devagupta, yazovardhana, ravigupta, nemicandra, jinadAsagaNI Adi ne ise mAnyatA pradAna kI--isakA bahumAna kiyA / jItakalpaH jItakalpa sUtra jinabhadragaNi-kSamAzramaNa kI kRti hai| isame nirgrantha-nirgranthiyo ke vibhinna aparAdhaviSayaka prAyazcitto kA

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70 : jaina AcAra jIta-vyavahAra (paramparA se prApta eva zreSTha puruSoM dvArA anumata vyavahAra ) ke AdhAra para prarUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| sUtrakAra ne batAyA hai ki savara aura nirjarA se mokSa hotA hai tathA tapa savara aura nirjarA kA kAraNa hai| prAyazcitta tapo me pradhAna hai ataH prAyazcitta kA mokSamArga kI dRSTi se atyadhika mahattva hai| isake bAda sUtrakAra ne prAyazcitta ke nimnalikhita dasa bhedo kA vyAkhyAna kiyA hai. 1 AlocanA, 2. pratikramaNa, 3 ubhaya, 4 viveka, 5 vyutsarga, 6 tapa,7 cheda, 8 mUla,9 anavasthApya, 10. pArAcika / ina dasa prAyazcitto me se antima do arthAt anavasthApya va pArAcika antima caturdazapUrvadhara (prathama bhadrabAhu) taka hI vidyamAna rahe / tadanantara unakA lopa ho gyaa| mUlAcAraH digamvara paramparAbhimata AcAra-grantho me vaTTakerAcAryakRta mUlAcAra kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| ise AcArAga bhI kahA jAtA hai| isa para AcArya vasunandI ne TIkA likhI hai| isame sADevAraha sau gAthAeM hai jo bAraha adhikAro me vibhakta haiN| ina adhikAro ke nAma isa prakAra hai : 1. mUlaguNa, 2. bRhatpratyAkhyAna, 3 sakSepapratyAkhyAna, 4 sAmAcAra, 5 pacAcAra, 6 piNDazuddhi, 7 paDAvazyaka, 8 dvAdazAnuprekSA, 9 anagArabhAvanA, 10 samayasAra, 11 zIlaguNa, 12 paryApti / mUlaguNAdhikAra me zramaNa ke nimnokta 28 mUlaguNo kA varNana hai : pA~ca mahAvrata, pA~ca samitiyA~, pA~ca indriyo kA nirodha, cha Avazyaka, loca, acelakatva,

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jaina AcAra-grantha : 7 1 asnAna, kSitizayana, adatadhAvana, sthitibhojana aura ekabhakta / bRhatpratyAkhyAna - adhikAra me saba pApo kA tyAgakara mRtyu ke samaya darzanAdi ArAdhanAoM meM sthira rahane tathA kSudhAdi parIpaho ko jItane kA upadeza hai / sakSepa pratyAkhyAna - adhikAra me vyAghrA - dijanya Akasmika mRtyu kI upasthiti me sava pApo kA tyAga kara samabhAvapUrvaka prANa choDane kA upadeza hai / sAmAcArAdhikAra me icchAkAra, mithyAkAra, tathAkAra, AsikA, nipedhikA, ApUcchA, pratipRcchA, chandana, sanimantraNA aura upasampat - ina dasa prakAra ke audhika sAmAcAro kA varNana hai / isame yaha bhI batAyA gayA hai ki taruNa zramaNa ko taruNa zramaNI ke sAtha sabhApaNa nahI karanA cAhie; zramaNo ko zramaNiyo ke sAtha upAzraya me nahI ThaharanA cAhie, zramaNiyo ko tIna, pA~ca athavA sAta kI saMkhyA me ( pArasparika saMrakSaNa kI bhAvanA se ) bhikSA ke lie jAnA cAhie; AryAo ko AcArya se pA~ca hAtha dUra, upAdhyAya se chaH hAtha dUra evaM sAdhu se sAta hAtha dUra baiTha kara vadanA karanI cAhie | isa prakAra sAmAcArAdhikAra me sAdhu-sAdhviyo ke pArasparika vyavahAra kA bhI kucha vicAra kiyA gayA hai| pacAcArAdhikAra me darzanAcAra, jJAnAcAra, cAritrAcAra, tapaAcAra va vIryAcAra kA bheda-prabhedapUrvaka varNana kiyA gayA hai / piNDazuddhiadhikAra me nimnokta ATha prakAra ke dopo se rahita AhArazuddhi kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai. 1. udgama, 2 utpAdana, 3. eSaNa, 4. sayojana, 5 pramANa, 6 agAra, 7 dhUma, 8 kAraNa / paDAvazyaka - adhikAra me sarvaprathama pacanamaskAra - nirukti kI

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72 : jaina AcAra gaI hai| tadanantara nimnalikhita chaH Avazyako kI nirukti hai : 1 sAmAyika, 2 caturvizastava, 3 vadanA, 4. pratikramaNa, 5 pratyAkhyAna, 6 kAyotsarga / dvAdazAnuprekSA adhikAra nimnokta bAraha bhAvanAo se sambandhita hai : 1 adhruva, 2. azaraNa, 3 ekatva, 4. anyatva, 5 sasAra, 6. loka, 7. azubhatva, 8. Asrava, 9 savara, 10 nirjarA, 11 dharma, 12. vodhi / anagArabhAvanAadhikAra me dasa prakAra kI zuddhiyoM se yukta muni ko mokSa kI prApti vatalAI gaI hai : 1. liMgazuddhi, 2 vratazuddhi, 3. vasatizuddhi, 4 vihArazuddhi, 5 bhikSAzuddhi, 6 jJAnazuddhi, 7. ujjhanazuddhi (parityAgazuddhi), 8. vAkyazuddhi, 9 tapa zuddhi, 10. dhyAnazuddhi / samayasArAdhikAra me cAritra ko pravacana kA sAra batAyA gayA hai evaM kahA gayA hai ki bhraSTacAritra zramaNa sugati prApta nahI kara sktaa| isame cAra prakAra kA liMgakalpa vatAyA gayA hai : acelakatva, loca, vyutsRSTazarIratA aura pratilekhana (picchikA) zIlaguNAdhikAra me zIla ke aThAraha hajAra bhedo kA nirUpaNa hai| paryApti-adhikAra me nimnokta cha paryAptiyo kA bheda-prabhedapUrvaka varNana kiyA gayA hai . 1. AhAraparyApti, 2. zarIraparyApti, 3. indriyaparyApti, 4. AnaprANaparyApti ( zvAsocchvAsaparyApti ), 5 bhASAparyApti, 6 mana.paryApti / isame caturdaza guNasthAno evaM caturdaza mArgaNAsthAno kA bhI samAveza hai| mUlAcAra kI aneka gAthAeM dazavaikAlika, dazavaikAlika-niyukti, Avazyaka-niyukti, piNDaniyukti, bhaktaparijJA, maraNasamAdhi Adi zvetAmbara grantho se milatI hai|

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jaina AcAra-grantha : 73 mUlArAdhanA : mUlArAdhanA kA dUsarA nAma bhagavatI ArAdhanA hai / yaha bhI digambara sampradAya kA eka prAcIna grantha hai | isame nAmA - nurUpa samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyakcAritra eva samyaktapa rUpa cAra prakAra kI mUla ArAdhanAo kA do hajAra se adhika gAthAo me vivecana hai / yaha grantha cAlIsa adhikAro me vibhakta hai / isakI racanA karane vAle AcArya haiM zivArya athavA zivakoTi / mUlAcAra kI hI bhAMti isakI bhI aneka gAthAe~ Avazyaka niryukti, vRhatkalpa bhASya, saMstAraka, bhaktaparijJA, maraNasamAdhi Adi zvetAmbara granthoM se milatI haiM / isa para aparAjitasUri, AzAghara Adi kI TIkAeN hai / isa grantha me AcArAga, kalpa ( vRhatkalpa ), vyavahAra evaM jItakalpa kA ullekha hai / isake mukhya viSayoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM : maraNa va usake satraha bheda, Acelakya, loca, dehamamatvatyAga va pratilekhana ( picchikA ), rUpa cAra nirgranthaliMga, vinaya va usake bheda, samAdhi adhikAra, aniyata vihAra, upAdhityAga, bhAvanA adhikAra, sallekhanA va usake upAya, vaiyAvRtya va tatsambaddha guNa, AryikA saMgati kA tyAga, durjana-saMgati kA tyAga, dazavidhakalpa, AlocanAadhikAra, yogyAyogya vasati, paricArako ke kartavya, AhAraprakaraNa, kSapaNAdhikAra, paMcanamaskAra, pacamahAvrata, kaSAyavijaya, cAra dhyAna, chaH lezyAe~, vAraha bhAvanAe~, mRtakasaMskAra Adi / mArgaNA - adhikAra me AcAra ( AcArAMga ), jIta ( jItakalpa ) va kalpa ( bRhatkalpa) kA ullekha hai / susthita adhi !

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-74 : jaina AcAra kAra me Agama, AjJA, zruta, dhAraNA aura jIta rUpa pAMca prakAra ke vyavahAra kA varNana hai / isameM vyavahAra sUtra kI pradhAnatA batAI gaI hai / bhAvanA-adhikAra me gajasukumAra, annikAputra, bhadrabAhu, dharmaghoSa, cilAtaputra Adi aneka muniyoM kI kathAe~ haiM jinhone vividha parISaha sahana kara siddhi prApta kI / ratnakaraNDaka-zrAvakAcAra : AcArya samatabhadrakRta ratnakaraNDaka zrAvakAcAra kA eka saMskRta grantha hai | isame samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna evaM samyak cAritra rUpa triratnadharma kI ArAdhanA kA upadeza hai / grantha me sarvaprathama samyagdarzana kA svarUpa batalAyA gayA hai evaM usakI mahimA kA vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai| isame yaha pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai ki samyagdarzanayukta cADAla ko bhI devasadRza samajhanA cAhiye | moharahita arthAt samyagdRSTisampanna gRhastha mokSAbhimukha hotA hai / jabaki mohayukta arthAt mithyAdRSTisampanna muni mokSavimukha hotA hai / ataeva mohayukta muni se moharahita gRhastha zreSTha hai / isake bAda AcArya ne samyagjJAna kA svarUpa batAte hue tadviSayagata prathamAnuyoga, karaNAnuyoga, caraNAnuyoga eva dravyAnuyoga kA sAmAnya paricaya diyA hai / tadanantara samyak cAritra kI pAtratA evaM AvazyakatA kA pratipAdana karate hue use hiMsA, asatya, caurya, maithuna eva parigrahAtmaka pApa se viratirUpa batAyA hai / cAritra ke sakala aura vikalarUpa do bheda karake yaha ullekha kiyA hai ki sakalacAritra sarvavirata muniyo ke hotA hai jabaki

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jaina AcAra-grantha 75 vikalacAritra dezavirata gRhasthoM ke hotA hai| vikalacAritra ke vAraha bheda haiM . pAca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvrata / ahiMsAdi pAca aNuvratoM kA aticArasahita svarUpa samajhAte hue yaha pratipAdana kiyA hai ki ye paoNca aNuvrata tathA madya, mAsa aura madhu kA tyAga ye pATha zrAvaka ke mUlaguNa haiM / ohasAdi aNuvratoM kI hI bhAti digtratAdi tIna guNavato evaM dezAvakAzikAdi cAra zikSAvato kA aticArasahita varNana kiyA hai| sallekhanA kI AvazyakatA kA pratipAdana karate hue graMthakAra ne saMkSepa me samAdhimaraNa kI vidhi kA nirdeza kiyA hai eva sallekhanA ke pAca aticAra vatAye hai| anta me zrAvaka kI gyAraha pratimAo kA svarUpa samajhAyA gayA hai| vasunandi-zrAvakAcAra : AcArya vasunandikRta zrAvakAcAra 546 gAthApramANa hai| isame upAsaka ke choTe-bar3e sabhI kartavyo kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / prArambha me AcArya ne magalAcaraNa karate hue zrAvakadharma kA prarUpaNa karane kI pratijJA kI hai| tadanantara zrAvaka kI nimnokta gyAraha pratimAo ko AdhAra banAkara zrAvakAcAra kA pratipAdana kiyA hai : 1 darzana, 2 vrata, 3 sAmAyika, 4. pauSadha, 5 sacittatyAga, 6 rAtribhuktityAga, 7 brahmacarya, 8 ArambhatyAga, 9 parigrahatyAga, 10. anumatityAga,11. uddiSTatyAga / cUMki ye pratimAsthAna samyaktva se rahita jIva ke nahI hote ata. isake bAda samyaktva kA varNana kiyA gayA hai evaM

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76 : jaina AcAra batAyA gayA hai ki jo samyaktvI jIva pAca udumbaroM tathA sAta vyasano ke sevana kA tyAga karatA hai vaha prathama pratimAdhArI darzana-zrAvaka kahalAtA hai| dvitIya pratimA me sthUla prANAtipAtavirati Adi bAraha vratoM kA pAlana kiyA jAtA hai| isI prakAra Age kI pratimAo kA vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA gayA hai| yadyapi prastuta grantha me AcArya vasunandi ne zrAvaka ke choTe-bar3e sabhI kartavyo kA pratipAdana kiyA hai tathApi nimnalikhita bAtoM kI ora unakA dhyAna vizeSa rUpa se gayA hai : dhUta, madya, mAsa, vezyA, AkheTa, corI aura paradAra-sevanarUpa sAta vyasana va unase prApta hone vAle caturgati-sambandhI dukha; dAna, dAna ke yogya pAtra, dAtA, dAtavya padArtha va dAnaphala, pacamI, rohiNI, azvinI Adi vrata-vidhAna, nAma, sthApanA, dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAvarUpa cha prakAra kI pUjA, jala, candana, akSata, puSpa, naivedya, dIpa, dhUpa va phala se pUjana karane kA phala; jinapratimA-sthApana, jinapratimA nirmANa, jinAbhiSeka evaM jinabhavana-nirmANa kA phala / sAgAra-dharmAmRta: paNDitapravara AzAdhara kI zrAvakAcAra evaM zramaNAcAra dono para kRtiyA~ haiN| unakA sAgAra-dharmAmRta zrAvakAcAra se sambandhita hai jabaki anagAra-dharmAmRta kA sambandha zramaNAcAra se hai| sAgAra-dharmAmRta ATha adhyAyo me vibhAjita hai| prathama adhyAya me sAgAradharma kA sAmAnya svarUpa pratipAdita karate hue zrAvaka ke pAkSika, naiSThika va sAdhakarUpa tIna prakAro kA lakSaNa

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jaina AcAra-grantha : 77 batAyA gayA hai| dvitIya adhyAya pAkSikAcAra se sambandhita hai| tRtIya adhyAya me naiSThika zrAvaka ke AcAra para vizeSa prakAza DAlA gayA hai| caturtha adhyAya me aNuvratapacaka kI samIkSA kI gaI hai| paMcama adhyAya zIlasaptaka arthAt dignatAdi tIna guNavato evaM dezAvakAzikAdi cAra zikSAnato se sambandhita hai| SaSTha adhyAya me zrAvaka ke AhorAtrika AcAra para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| saptama adhyAya me sAmAyikAdi naupratimAo kA svarUpa batAyA gayA hai| aSTama adhyAya me sallekhanA kI vidhi batAI gaI hai| sAgAra-dharmAmRta me zrAvakAcAra ke pUrvavartI samasta mahattvapUrNa gratho kA sAra samAviSTa kiyA gayA hai| isame zrAvaka kA koI bhI Avazyaka kartavya chUTane nahIM pAyA hai / tRtIya adhyAya me sapta vyasano ke aticAroM kA varNana karake grathakAra ne sAgAra-dharmAmRta ko eka vizeSatA pradAna kI hai jo pUrvavartI kisI gratha me nahI pAI jaatii| anagAra-dharmAmRta : jisa prakAra paMDitapravara AzAdhara ke sAgAra-dharmAmRta me zrAvakAcAra ke pUrvavartI samasta granthoM kA sAra samAviSTa hai usI prakAra unake anagAra-dharmAmRta me zramaNAcAra ke pUrvavartI sv| mahattvapUrNa graMthoM kA nicor3a hai| anagAra-dharmAmRta nau adhyAyo me vibhakta hai| pahale adhyAya meM dharma ke svarUpa kA nirUpaNa hai| dUsarA adhyAya samyaktva-samyagdarzana ke utpAdana se sambandhita hai| tIsare adhyAya me samyagjJAna kI ArAdhanA para prakAza DAlA

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" jaina 78 * AcAra gayA hai / cauthA adhyAya samyakcAritra kI ArAdhanA para prakAza DAlatA hai / pAcave adhyAya me piNDavizuddhi kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai / isame AhArazuddhi se sambandhita nimnokta dopo kA pratipAdana hai : solaha udgama-dopa, solaha utpAdana dopa, dasa zakitAdi doSa, agAra, dhUma, sayojana aura pramANa - ye 46 piNDadopa; pUya, asra, pala, asthi, ajina, nakha, kaca, mRtavikalatrika, kada, bIja, mUla, phala, kaNa aura kuNDa - ye 14 annagata mala, kAkAdi 32 antarAya / chaThe adhyAya meM mahodyoga - mArga kA varNana hai / isame dazalakSaNa dharma, dvAdazavidha anuprekSA va dvAviMzati parISahajaya kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| sAtave adhyAya me samyak tapa kI ArAdhanA kA upadeza hai / grAThavA adhyAya SaDAvazyaka se sambandhita hai / nave adhyAya me nitya naimittika kriyAoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai / prastuta grantha me lagabhaga eka hajAra zloka hai / sAgAra-dharmAmRta va anagAra-dharmAmRta dono para svopajJa TIkAe~ haiM / - zvetAmbara evaM digambara paramparAo ke AcAra- vipayaka grantho ke uparyukta paricaya se spaSTa hai ki ina dono paramparAoM ke AcAramUlaka siddhAnto va niyamo me kitanA sAmya hai / mUlata. iname koI bheda dRSTigocara nahI hotA / yahA~ taka ki digambara paramparAbhimata mUlAcAra jo ki isa paramparA kA AcArAga hai, zramaNa zramaNiyo ke pArasparika vyavahAra kA bhI yathocita vidhAna karatA hai / isase spaSTa hai ki digambara paramparA me sAdhvI sasthA bhI usI prakAra mAnya eva AdaraNIya rahI hai

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jaina AcAra grantha : 79 jisa prakAra ki saadhusNsthaa| yadi aisA na hotA to mUlAcAra ke sAmAcArAdhikAra me zramaNiyo ke kalpa kA prasaMga upasthita na hotaa| zivAryakRta mUlArAdhanA me bhI saMyatiyo ke liye AryikA-sagati ke tyAga kA upadeza hai| isase bhI sAdhvI-saMsthA kI mAnyatA siddha hotI hai| catavidha saMgha kI siddhi ke liye aisA honA anivArya bhI hai|

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VVVVVww w zrA va kA cA ra aNuvrata guNavrata zikSAvrata sallekhanA athavA sathArA pratimAe~ pratikramaNa

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zrAvakAcAra _vratadhArI gRhastha ko zrAvaka, upAsaka, aNunnatI, dezavirata, sAgAra Adi nAmo se sambodhita kiyA jAtA hai| guNasthAna kI dRSTi se vaha paMcama guNasthAnavartI mAnA jAtA hai| cUMki vaha zraddhApUrvaka apane gurujanoM arthAt zramaNo se nirgrantha-pravacana kA zravaNa karatA hai ata. use zrAddha athavA zrAvaka kahA jAtA hai| zramaNavarga kI upAsanA karane ke kAraNa vaha zramaNopAsaka athavA upAsaka kahalAtA hai / aNuvratarUpa ekadezIya arthAt apUrNa saMyama athavA virati dhAraNa karane ke kAraNa use aNuvatI, dezavirata, dezasaMyamI athavA dezasayatI kahA jAtA hai| cUMki vaha AgAra arthAt ghara me rahatA hai-usane gharabAra kA tyAga nahI kiyA hai ataeva use sAgAra, AgArI, gRhastha, gRhI Adi nAmo se pukArA jAtA hai| zrAvakAcAra ke gratho me upAsaka-dharma kA pratipAdana tIna prakAra se kiyA gayA hai. 1 vAraha vrato ke AdhAra para, 2. gyAraha pratimAo ke AdhAra para, 3. pakSa, caryA athavA niSThA evaM sAdhana ke AdhAra para / upAsakadazAga, tattvArthasUtra, ratnakaraNDaka-zrAvakAcAra Adi me sallekhanAsahita vAraha vratoM ke AdhAra para zrAvaka-dharma kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| AcArya kundakunda ne cAritra-prAbhRta me, svAmI kAtikeya ne anuprekSA me eva AcArya vasunandi ne vasunandi-zrAvakAcAra

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84 : jaina AcAra meM gyAraha pratimAoM ko AdhAra banAkara zrAvaka-dharma kA prarUpaNa kiyA hai| paDita AzAdhara ne sAgAra-dharmAmRta me pakSa, niSThA evaM sAdhana ko AdhAra banAkara zrAvaka-dharma kA vivecana kiyA hai| isa paddhati ke bIja AcArya jinasena ke AdipurANa (parva 39) me pAye jAte haiN| isame sAvadha kriyA arthAt hiMsA kI zuddhi ke tIna prakAra batAye gaye haiM : pakSa, caryA aura sAdhana / nigraMtha deva, nigrantha guru tathA nigraMntha dharma ko hI mAnanA pakSa hai / aisA pakSa rakhane vAle gRhastha ko pAkSika zrAvaka kahate haiN| aise zrAvaka kI AtmA me maitrI, pramoda, karuNA va mAdhyasthyavRtti hotI hai| jIvahiMsA na karate hue nyAyapUrvaka AjIvikA kA upArjana karanA tathA zrAvaka ke bAraha vrato evaM gyAraha pratimAo kA pAlana karanA caryA athavA niSThA hai| isa prakAra kI caryA kA AcaraNa karane vAle gRhastha ko naiSThika zrAvaka kahate hai| jIvana ke anta me AhArAdi kA sarvathA tyAga karanA sAdhana hai| isa prakAra ke sAdhana ko apanAte hue dhyAnazuddhipUrvaka Atmazodhana karane vAlA sAdhaka zrAvaka kahalAtA hai| upAsaka-dharma kA pratipAdana karane vAle ukta tIna prakAro me tattvataH koI bheda nahI hai| ahiMsAdi bAraha vrata evaM sallekhanA zrAvaka-dharma ke samyak pratipAlana ke lie sAmAnyatayA Avazyaka haiN| bAraha vratadhArI zrAvaka vizeSa AtmasAdhanA ke lie upayukta samaya para gyAraha pratimAo ko kramaza. dhAraNa karatA hai| pakSa, caryA athavA niSThA evaM sAdhana dvAdaza vratadhArI zrAvaka kI AcAra-maryAdA ke hI prakArAntara se kiye gaye tIna bheda haiN|

Page #99
zrAvakAcAra : 85 zrAvaka ke bAraha vratoM meM se prathama pA~ca aNuvrata, vAda ke tIna guNannata evaM antima cAra zikSAnata kahalAte haiM / yadyapi zvetAmvara va digambara graMtho me guNavato evaM gikSAnato ke nAmo va gaNanAkrama me paraspara evaM Antarika dono prakAra ke matabheda hai tathApi yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki dizAparimANa, bhogopabhogaparimANa eva manarthadaNDaviramaNa rUpa guNanata tathA sAmAyika, dezAvakAzika, paupaghopavAsa evaM atithisaMvibhAga rUpa zikSAkta sAdhAraNatayA abhISTa evaM upayukta haiM / upAsakadagAMga me guNavato evaM zikSAvratoM kA sayukta nAma zikSAvata hI diyA hai tathA paca-aNuvrato va sapta-zikSAvato ko dvAdaza prakAra ke gRhastha-dharma ke aga kahA hai| aNuvrata: zramaNa ke ahiMsAdi pA~ca mahAvrato kI apekSA laghu hone ke kAraNa zrAvaka ke prathama pA~ca vrata aNuvrata arthAt laghuvrata kahalAte haiN| jisa prakAra sarvavirata zramaNa ke lie pAca mahAvrata prANabhUta haiM usI prakAra zrAvaka ke lie pAMca aNuvrata jIvanarUpa haiM / jaise pAMca mahAvratoM ke abhAva me zrAmaNya nirjIva hotA hai vaise hI paoNca aNuvrato ke abhAva meM zrAvaka-dharma niSprANa hotA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki aNuvrato ko zrAvaka ke mUlaguNa kahA gayA hai| isa dRSTi se dizAparimANAdi zeSa sAta vrato ko zrAvaka ke uttaraguNa kaha sakate haiN| isa prakAra jaise muni arthAt zramaNa ke guNa mUla eva uttara guNarUpa do vibhAgo me vibhakta haiM

Page #100
86 : jaina AcAra vaise hI zramaNopAsaka zrAvaka ke guNa bhI mUlaguNa evaM uttaraguNa ke rUpa meM vibhAjita haiM / mUlaguNa zramaNa-dharma athavA zrAvaka-dharma ke AdhArabhUta stambha hai / uttaraguNa mUlaguNo kI puSTi eva dRDhatA ke lie haiN| zrAvaka ke mUlaguNarUpa pA~ca aNuvrato ke nAma isa . prakAra hai . 1. sthUla prANAtipAta-viramaNa, 2. sthUla mRSAvAdaviramaNa, 3. sthUla adattAdAna-viramaNa, 4 svadAra-satoSa, 5. icchA-parimANa / 1. sthUla prANAtipAta-virasaNa-sarvavirata arthAt mahAvratI muni prANAtipAta arthAt hiMsA kA pUrNa tyAgI hotA hai (pramAdajanya athavA kaSAyajanya hiMsA kA sarvathA tyAga karatA hai) java ki dezavirata arthAt aNuvratI zrAvaka kevala sthUla hiMsA kA tyAga karatA hai kyoki gRhastha hone ke nAte use aneka prakAra se sUkSma hiMsA to karanI hI par3atI hai| isIlie zrAvaka kA prANAtipAtaviramaNa arthAt hiMsA-virati sthUla hai-dIrgha hai| zramaNa kI sarva hiMsA-virati kI tulanA me zrAvaka kI sthUla hiMsA-virati dezavirati arthAt Azika virati kahI jAtI hai| isake dvArA vyakti Azika ahiMsA kI sAdhanA karatA hai-ahiMsAvata kA AMzika rUpa se pAlana karatA hai| zramaNa mana, vacana athavA kAyA se kisI bhI prANI kI-cAhe vaha trasa ho athavA sthAvara-na to hiMsA karatA hai, na kisI se karavAtA hai aura na karane vAle kA samarthana hI karatA hai| isa prakAra zramaNa hiMsA kA tIna yoga (mana, vacana va kAyA) aura tIna karaNa (karanA, karavAnA va anumodana karanA) pUrvaka tyAga karatA hai| usakA yaha tyAga

Page #101
zrAvakAcAra : 87 sarvavirati kahalAtA hai| zrAvaka isa prakAra hiMsA kA tyAga nahI krtaa| vaha kevala trasa (dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya evaM paMcendriya) prANiyoM kI hiMsA se virata hotA hai| usakI yaha virati tIna yoga va tIna karaNapUrvaka nahI hotI apitu tIna yoga va do karaNapUrvaka hI hotI hai| vaha niraparAdha prANiyo ko mana, vacana athavA kAyA se na svaya mAratA hai aura na dUsaro se maravAtA hai| paristhitivizeSa me sthUla hiMsA kA samarthana karane kI vaha chUTa rakhatA hai| yaha zrAvaka kI dezavirati athavA upAsaka kA sthUla prANAtipAta-viramaNa vrata hai| zrAvaka aisI koI bhI pravRtti karane ke lie svatantra hotA hai jisame sthUla hiMsA kI saMbhAvanA na ho| isa prakAra kI pravRtti vaha dUsaro se bhI karavA sakatA hai / aisA karane me usake vratabhaMga kA koI prazna upasthita nahIM hotaa| vaha koI bhI kArya karatA hai athavA karavAtA hai, isakI pUrI sAvadhAnI rakhatA hai ki kisI ko kaSTa na ho, kisI ko coTa na pahuMce, kisI ko hiMsA na ho, kisI ke * prati anyAya na ho| vivekapUrvaka pUrNa sAvadhAnI rakhate hue kArya karane para bhI kisI kI hiMsA ho jAya to zrAvaka ke ahiMsA-vrata kA bhaga nahI hotaa| kartavya-akartavya evaM nyAyaanyAya kA viveka na rakhanA hiMsA ko protsAhana denA hai| isase ahiMsA-vrata kI rakSA nahI ho sakatI / ahiMsA kI rakSA ke lie vivekazIlatA-satyAsatyavicAraNA anivArya hai| vicAra kI sUkSmatA, gabhIratA eva yathArthatA tathA dRSTi kI vizAlatA, mamUDhatA evaM niSpakSatA ahiMsA kI surakSA ke sudRDha sAdhana haiM

Page #102
88 : jaina AcAra amogha astra haiN| inake abhAva me ahiMsA niSprANa hokara jaDavat . ho jAtI hai-mara jAtI hai| ahiMsA-vrata kA pAlana karane vAlA zrAvaka jitanA kisI ko mArane me bhaya kA anubhava karatA hai utanA marane me naho / vaha apanI vrata-rakSA ke lie sadaiva prANotsarga karane ko taiyAra rahatA hai| vaha na svayaM bhayabhIta hotA hai; na kisI ko bhayabhIta karatA hai| hiMsA va anyAya ke sAmane sira jhukAnA usakA kAma nahI / vaha vIratA va vivekapUrvaka hiMsA va anyAya kA pratIkAra karatA hai-sAmanA karatA hai| nirbhayatA arthAt vIratA ahiMsAdi vrato kA AdhAra-stambha hai| kAyara arthAt Darapoka vyakti na to apanI rakSA kara sakatA hai, na apane bratoM kI / usakI kAyaratApUrNa pravRttiyo se hiMsA, anyAya evaM anAcAra ko hI protsAhana milatA hai| jise apane zarIra kA atyadhika moha hotA hai vaha na zrAvaka ke ahisAdi aNuvrato kA yathArtha pAlana kara sakatA hai, na zramaNa ke ahiMsAdi mahAnato ko samyakttayA nibhA sakatA hai| vaha hamezA dUsaro se DaratA rahatA hai| usake dvArA na kisI kA hiMsaka pratIkAra sabhava hotA hai, na kisI kA ahiMsaka pratIkAra / vaha dabbU bana kara nyAya-anyAya sava kucha cupacApa saha letA hai| aisA vyakti apane vrato kA pAlana kaise kara sakatA hai, apane kartavya-dharma ko kaise nibhA sakatA hai ? saccA zrAvaka eva saccA zramaNa vahI hai jo kaSTo kA vIratApUrvaka sAmanA karatA hai, unase bhayabhIta hokara apanA pIchA chur3Ane kI koziza nahIM krtaa| kisI kapTa kA kisa prakAra sAmanA karanA--

Page #103
zrAvakAcAra : 89 yaha tadviSayaka paristhiti evaM sAmanA karane vAle kI mAnasika bhUmikA va vratamaryAdA para nirbhara hai| isake vipaya me kisI prakAra kA aikAntika vidhAna athavA Agraha nahI hai / sAvadhAnIpUrvaka vrata kA pAlana karate hue bhI kabhI-kabhI pramAdavaza athavA ajJAnavaza dopa lagane kI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai / isa prakAra ke dopo ko aticAra kahA jAtA hai / sthUla ahisA athavA sthUla prANAtipAta-viramaNa ke pAca mukhya aticAra haiM : 1 vandha, 2. vadha, 3. chaviccheda, 4. atibhAra 5 annpaannirodh| ye athavA isI prakAra ke anya aticAra zrAvaka ke jAnane yogya haiM, AcaraNa karane yogya nhii| bandha kA artha hai kisI trasa prANI ko kaThina vadhana se vAMdhanA athavA use apane iSTa sthAna para jAne se rokanA / apane adhInastha vyaktiyo ko nizcita samaya se adhika kAla taka rokanA, unase nirdiSTa samaya ke uparAnta kArya lenA, unheM apane iSTa sthAna para jAne me atarAya pahu~cAnA Adi vadha ke hI antargata haiN| kisI bhI basa prANI ko mAranA vadha hai| pITanA bhI vadha kA hI eka rUpa hai| apane Azrita vyaktiyo ko athavA anya kisI ko nirdayatApUrvaka yA krodhavaza mAranA-pITanA, gAya, bhaisa, ghor3A, baila Adi ko lakaDI, cAbuka, patthara Adi se mAranA, kisI para anAvazyaka athavA anucita Arthika bhAra DAlanA, kisI kI lAcArI kA anucita lAbha uThAnA, kisI kA anaitika Dhaga se zopaNa kara apanI svArthapUrti karanA Adi vadha me samAviSTa hai| pratyakSa yA parokSa rUpa se kisI prANI kI hatyA karanA, kisI ko mAranA-pITanA,

Page #104
90 : jaina AcAra saMtApa pahuMcAnA, taDaphAnA, cUsanA Adi vadha ke ho vividha rUpa haiM / anItipUrvaka kisI kI AjIvikA chInanA athavA naSTa karanA bhI vadha kA hI eka rUpa hai / saMkSepa meM svArthavaza kisI niraparAdhI para pratyakSa yA parokSa prahAra karanA vadha hai| isa aticAra se bacane kA yahI upAya hai ki jisa pravRtti me pratyakSa yA apratyakSa rUpa se trasa prANiyo kI hiMsA hotI ho-vadha hotA ho usa pravRtti se nilipta rahA jAya-alaga rahA jAya / jisa vyakti me svArthabhAvanA jitanI kama hogI vaha vadha ke aticAra se utanA hI dUra rahegA / ni svArtha evaM paropakAramUlaka pravatti svAbhAvikatayA hiMsAdoSa se dUra rahatI hai| jisake hRdaya me sarvahita kI bhAvanA vidyamAna hogI vaha kisI kA vadha kyo karegA ? jise kisI ke prati rAga athavA dveSa nahI hogA vaha kisI kI hisA kyoM karegA? paropakArI ke hRdaya me sabakI rakSA karane kI bhAvanA hotI hai, kisI kA vadha karane kI nahI / vaha jo kucha bhI pravRtti karatA hai| sArvajanika hita ke lie karatA hai, kisI ke ahita ke lie nhii| isIlie usakI pravRtti zuddha evaM ahiMsaka mAnI jAtI hai| mahAtmA gAdhI ne isa prakAra kI ahiMsaka pravRtti ke aneka prayoga kiye jo eka Adarza zrAvaka ke lie anukaraNIya haiM-AcaraNIya haiM / mahAn evaM pavitra pravRtti me yadi alpa hiMsA hotI bhI ho to vaha nagaNya hai| usase pravRtti kI pavitratA evaM mahAnatA alpa nahI hotI / jisa pravRtti kA uddezya mahAn evaM pavitra ho, jisake pIche rahI huI bhAvanA prazasta eva udAtta ho, jisakA saMcAlana viveka eva satarkatA se ho vaha alpAraMbha arthAt alpa hiMsA ke kAraNa

Page #105
zrAvakAcAra: 91 dUSita nahI ho jAtI / isa prakAra kI pravRtti karane vAlA zrAvaka vadhadoSa kA bhAgI nahI hotaa| sthUla ahiMsA kA tIsarA aticAra chaviccheda hai| kisI bhI prANI ke agopAMga kATanA chaviccheda kahalAtA hai| cUMki chaviccheda se prANI ko pIDA hotI hai ata vaha tyAjya hai / chaviccheda kI taraha vRtticcheda bhI doSayukta hai| kisI kI vRtti arthAt AjIvikA kA sarvathA cheda karanA yAne rojI chIna lenA to vadharUpa hone ke kAraNa doSayukta hai hI, ucita pArizramika me nyUnatA karanA, kama vetana denA, kama majadUrI denA, anucita rUpa se vetana yA majadUrI kATa lenA, naukara yA majadUra kochuTTI Adi kI pUrI suvidhAeM na denA Adi kriyAeM bhI chaviccheda kI hI bhA~ti doSayukta haiN| cauthA aticAra atibhAra hai / baila, UMTa, azva Adi pazuo para athavA majadUra, naukara Adi manuSyo para unakI zakti ke atirikta vojha lAdanA atibhAra kahalAtA hai| zakti evaM samaya hone para bhI apanA kAma khuda na kara dUsaro se karavAnA athavA kisI se zakti se adhika kAma lenA bhI atibhAra hI hai| pAcavA aticAra annapAnanirodha hai| kisI ke khAna-pAna me rukAvaTa DAlane vAlA isa aticAra kA bhAgI hotA hai| naukara Adi ko samaya para khAnA na denA, pUrA khAnA na denA, ThIka khAnA na denA, apane pAsa sagraha hone para bhI AvazyakatA ke samaya kisI kI sahAyatA na karanA, apane adhInastha pazuo evaM manuSyo ko paryApta khAnA Adi na denA annapAnanirodha nahI hai to kyA hai ? ahiMsA kI ArAdhanA karane vAle zrAvaka ko ina saba aticAro se dUra rahanA cAhie-isa prakAra ke aneka dopo se

Page #106
92 * jaina AcAra bacanA cAhie | 2 sthUla mRpAvAda - viramaNa - jisa prakAra zramaNopAsaka ke lie sthUla prANAtipAta arthAt hiMsA se vacanA Avazyaka hai usI prakAra usake lie sthUla mRpAvAda arthAt jhUTha se bacanA bhI jarUrI hai / jisa prakAra hiMsA na karanA prANAtipAta viramaNa vrata kA nipedhAtmaka pakSa hai tathA rakSA, anukampA, paropakAra Adi karanA ahiMsA kA vidheyAtmaka rUpa hai usI prakAra asatya vacana na bolanA mRpAvAda - viramaNa vrata kA nipedhAtmaka pakSa hai tathA satya vacana bolanA isa vrata kA vidheyAtmaka rUpa hai / isase vyakti ko satyaniSTha hone kI zikSA milatI hai / usake jIvana me sacAI va ImAnadArI kA vikAsa hotA hai / ahiMsA kI ArAdhanA ke lie satya kI ArAdhanA anivArya hai / jhUThA vyakti sahI artha me ahiMsaka nahI ho sakatA / saccA ahiMsaka kabhI asatya AcaraNa nahI kara sakatA / satya aura ahiMsA kA itanA adhika ghaniSTha sambandha hai ki eka ke abhAva me dUsare kI ArAdhanA azakya hai / ye dono paraspara pUraka tathA anyonyAzrita hai | ahiMsA yathArthatA ko surUpa pradAna karatI hai jabaki yathArthatA ahiMsA kI surakSA karatI hai / ahiMsA ke vinA satya nagna athavA kurUpa hotA hai javakI satyarahita ahiMsA maraNonmukha athavA arakSita hotI hai / jovita rahate hue manuSya hiMsA kA pUrNa tyAga nahI kara sakatA / khAna-pAna, halana calana, zvAsocchvAsa Adi me hone vAlI sUkSma hiMsA ko mAnava dUra nahI kara sakatA / asatya ke lie aisA nahI kahA jA sakatA / manuSya asatya ko pUrNarUpa se

Page #107
zrAvakAcAra : 93 choDa sakatA hai| , gRhastha ke lie sAdhAraNatayA mRSAvAda kA sarvathA tyAga arthAt sUkSma asatya kA parityAga zakya nahI hotaa| hA~, vaha sthUla mRSAvAda kA tyAga avazya kara sakatA hai| isIlie zrAvaka ke lie sthUla prANAtipAta-viramaNa ke vidhAna kI bhAMti sthUla mRSAvAda-viramaNa kA bhI vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| sthUla jhUTha kA tyAga bho sAdhAraNatayA sthUla hiMsA ke tyAga ke hI samAna do karaNa va tIna yogapUrvaka hotA hai / sthUla jhUTha kise samajhanA cAhie ? jisa jhUTha se samAja meM pratiSThA na rahe, sAthiyoM me prAmANikatA na mAnI jAya, logo me apratIti ho, rAjadaNDa kA bhAgI honA paDe use sthUla jhUTha samajhanA caahie| isa prakAra ke jhUTha se manuSya kA caturmukhI patana hotA hai| aneka kAraNo se manuSya sthUla jhUTha kA prayoga karatA hai| udAharaNa ke lie apane putra-putriyo ke vivAha ke nimitta sAmane vAle pakSa ke sammukha jhUThI prazasA karanA-karavAnA, pazu-pakSiyo ke kraya-vikraya ke nimitta mithyA prazasA kA Azraya lenA, bhUmi ke sambandha me jhUTha bolanA-vulavAnA, anya vastuoM ke viSaya me jhUTha kA prayoga karanA, naukarI Adi ke lie asatya kA Azraya lenA, kisI kI dharohara Adi "davAkara vizvAsaghAta karanA, jhUThI gavAhI denA-dilAnA, rizvata khAnA-khilAnA, jhUThe ko saccA yA sacce ko jhUThA siddha karane kA prayatna karanA Adi / zrAvaka ke isa prakAra kA jhUTha bolane-bulavAne kA mana, vacana va tana se tyAga hotA hai|

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94 : jaina AcAra sAvadhAnIpUrvaka sthUla mRSAvAda-viramaNa vrata kA pAlana karate hae bhI etadviSayaka jina aticAro-doSo kI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai ve pradhAnatayA pAMca prakAra ke haiM : 1. sahasA-abhyAkhyAna, 2. rahasya-abhyAkhyAna, 3.svadAra athavA svapati-maMtrabheda, 4. mRpAupadeza, 5. kuutt-lekhkrnn| binA soce-samajhe, vinA dekhe-sune kisI ke viSaya me kucha dhAraNA banA lenA athavA nirNaya de denA, kisI para mithyA kalaka lagAnA, kisI ke prati logoM me galata dhAraNA paidA karanA, sajjana ko durjana, guNI ko avaguNI, jJAnI ko ajJAnI kahanA adi sahasA-abhyAkhyAna aticAra ke antargata hai| kisI kI guhya bAta kisI ke sAmane prakaTa kara usake sAtha vizvAsaghAta karanA rahasya-abhyAkhyAna hai| zrAvaka ko kisI kI gopanIya bAta anya ke sAmane prakaTa kara kisI ko dhokhA nahIM denA cAhie / pati-patnI kA eka dUsare kI gupta bAto ko kisI anya ke sAmane prakaTa karanA svadAra athavA svapati-matrabheda hai| isase kuTumba me kleza paidA hotA hai tathA bAhara badanAmI hotI hai| kisI ko saca jhUTha samajhA kara kumArga para lejAnA mRpopadeza hai / jhUThe lekha likhanA, jhUThe dastAveja taiyAra karanA, jhUThe hastAkSara karanA athavA jhUThA agUThA lagAnA, jhUThe bahI-khAte taiyAra karanA, jhUThe sikke banAnA athavA calAnA Adi kUTa-lekhakaraNa aticAra ke antargata haiN| zrAvaka ko ina sabase athavA isa prakAra ke anya aticAro se bacanA cAhie / use sadA sAvadhAna raha kara satya kI ArAdhanA karanI caahie| sAvadhAnIpUrvaka vrata kI ArAdhanA karane vAlA vyakti sahasA doSa kA bhAgI nahI bntaa|

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zrAvakAcAra : 95 3. sthUla adattAdAna-viramaNa-ahiMsA va satya ke samyak pAlana ke lie acaurya arthAt adattAdAna-viramaNa Avazyaka hai| zrAvaka ke lie jisa prakAra kA acaurya athavA asteya Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai use sthUla adattAdAna-viramaNa kahate hai| sAdhu ke lie to vinA anumati ke datazodhanArtha tRNa uThAnA bhI varjita hai arthAt vaha binA dI huI koI bhI vastu grahaNa nahI karatA / zrAvaka ke lie aisA Avazyaka nahIM mAnA gayA hai| vaha sUkSma adattAdAna kA tyAga na bhI kare tathApi use sthUla adattAdAna kA tyAga to karanA hI par3atA hai / adattAdAna kA zabdArtha hai binA do huI vastu ( adatta ) kA grahaNa ( aadaan)| ise sAmAnya bhASA me corI kahate haiN| zrAvaka ke lie aisI corI kA tyAga anivArya hai jisase rAjadaNDa bhoganA par3e, sAmAja me avizvAsa utpanna ho, prAmANikatA naSTa ho, pratiSThA ko dhakkA lage / zrAvaka kA isa prakAra kI corI kA tyAga hI jaina AcAra-zAstra me sthUla adattAdAna-viramaNa vrata ke nAma se prasiddha hai| sthUla corI ke kucha udAharaNa ye hai . kisI ke ghara Adi me seva lagAnA, kisI kI gA~Tha kATanA, kisI kA tAlA toDanA, kisI ko lUTanA, kisI kI cIja vinA pUche uThA kara rakha lenA, kisI kA gar3A huA dhana nikAla lenA, DAkA DAlanA, ThaganA, milI haI vastu kA patA lagAne kI koziza na karanA athavA patA lagane para bhI use na lauTAnA, caurya buddhi se kisI kI vastu uThA lenA athavA apane pAsa rakha lenA Adi / AvazyakatA se adhika sagraha karanA athavA kisI vastu kA anucita upayoga karanA bhI

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96 : jaina AcAra eka prakAra ko corI hai jisakA sambandha parigraha-vRtti tathA naviveka se hai| zrAvaka corI kA tyAga bhI sAdhAraNatayA do karaNa va tIna yogapUrvaka hI karatA hai| adattAdAna-viramaNa vrata ke mukhya pAMca aticAra haiM : 1 stenAhRta, 2. taskaraprayoga, 3. rAjyAdiviruddha karma, 4. kUTatola-kUTamAna, 5 tatpratirUpaka vyavahAra / anAnavaza yaha samajha kara ki corI karane va karAne meM pApa hai kintu curAI huI vastu lene meM kyA harja hai, corI kA mAla lenA stenAhata aticAra hai| corI kI vastu saste bhAva meM milA karatI hai jisase lene vAlA lobhavana maucityAnaucitya kA vicAra nahI karatA / zrAvaka lo isa aticAra se bacanA cAhie / corI kA mAla kharIdane se corI __ ko protsAhana milatA hai / zrAvaka ko isa prakAra kA mAla kharIda kara corI ko protsAhana nahIM denA cAhie-corI kA nimitta nahIM bananA cAhie-corI nahIM karavAnI cAhie / corI karane kI preraNA denA, cora ko sahAyatA denA, taskara ko zaraNa denA, zastrAstra Adi dvArA DAkuo kI madada karanA, luTeroM kA pakSa lenA Adi kriyAeM taskaraprayoga ke antargata haiM / prajA ke hita ke lie bane hue rAjya bAdi ke niyamo ko bhaMga karanA rAjyAdiviruddha karma hai| isa aticAra ke antargata nimnokta kAryoM kA samAveza hotA hai : avaidhAnika vyApAra karanA, kara curAMnA, vinA anumati ke pararAjya kI sImA meM praveza karanA, niSiddha vastueM eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna para athavA eka deza se dUsare deza me lAnA-lejAnA, rAjyahita ke viruddha gupta kArya karanA,

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zrAvakAcAra : 97 svArthavaza rAjya ke kisI bhI kAnUna kA bhaga karanA, samAja ke kisI bhI hitakara niyama kI avahelanA karanA Adi / lena-dena nyUnAdhikatA kA prayoga karanA kUTatola- kUTamAna kahalAtA hai / isase vyakti kI aprAmANikatA prakaTa hotI hai / prAmANika vyakti kisI ke sAtha vizvAsaghAta nahI karatA / vaha kisI ke ajJAna athavA vizvAsa kA anucita lAbha nahI uThAtA / lena-dena me dhUrtatA kA prayoga kara kama-jyAdA tolanA, nApanA, ginanA sAmanevAle ke sAtha vizvAsaghAta karanA hai / vastuo me milAvaTa karanA tatpratirUpaka vyavahAra hai / bahumUlya vastu me alpamUlya vastu milAnA, zuddha vastu me azuddha vastu milAnA, supathya vastu me kupathya vastu milAnA aura isa prakAra anucita lAbha uThAnA zrAvaka ke lie varjita hai / 4. svadAra santoSa - apanI bhAryA ke sivAya zeSa samasta striyo ke sAtha maithunasevana kA mana, vacana va kAyApUrvaka tyAga karanA svadAra-saMtopa vrata kahalAtA hai / jisa prakAra zrAvaka ke lie svadAra - saMtoSa kA vidhAna hai usI prakAra zrAvikA ke lie svapati - satoSa kA niyama samajhanA cAhie | apane bhartA ke atirikta anya samasta puruSo ke sAtha mana, vacana aura kAyA - pUrvaka maithunasevana kA tyAga karanA svapati - satoSa kahalAtA hai | zrAvaka ke lie svadAra- satoSa eva zrAvikA ke lie svapati - satoSa anivArya hai | zramaNa zramaNI ke lie maithuna kA sarvathA tyAga vihita hai jabaki zrAvaka-zrAvikA ke lie maithuna kI maryAdA nizcita kI gaI hai / sthUla prANAtipAta viramaNa 7 -

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98 : jaina AcAra Adi kI samakakSa bhASA meM ise sthUla maithuna-viramaNa kaha sakate haiN| isakA pAlana do karaNa va tIna yogapUrvaka Avazyaka na mAnA jAkara sAdhAraNatayA eka karaNa va tIna yogapUrvaka hI jarUrI mAnA gayA hai| kisI bhI vrata ke samyaka pAlana ke.lie zIla arthAt sadAcAra Avazyaka hai / zrAvaka pUrNa brahmacArI nahI hotA apitu AMzika brahmacArI hotA hai| usakI zIlamaryAdA svadArasaMtoSa taka hotI hai / svadArasaMtopa kA artha hai samAjasammata athavA kAnUnasammata vivAhapaddhati dvArA pattIrUpa se gRhIta strI ke sAtha maithuna-sevana kI mryaadaa| isa paribhApA se spaSTa hai ki yaha vrata vivAhita vyakti ke lie hai na ki avivAhita vyakti ke lie| kisI kA kisI kAraNa se cAhate hue tathA vivAhayogya hote hue bhI vivAha athavA punarvivAha na huA ho tathA hone kI sabhAvanA bhI na ho kintu vaha maithuna kA sarvathA tyAga na kara sakatA ho to usake lie sthUla maithuna-viramaNa vrata kI kyA vyavasthA hai ? dUsare zabdoM me jo vyakti svadArasaMtoSa kI paribhASA meM nahI AtA usake lie caturtha aNuvrata kA kyA rUpa hai ? isakA koI spaSTa samAdhAna athavA vidhAna zAstroM me dRSTigocara nahIM hotaa| sthUla maithuna-viramaNa ke pIche jo vidheyAtmaka bhAvanA rahI huI hai vaha hai maryAdita maithuna-sevana kii| isa dRSTi se yadi aisA apavAdarUpa vyakti vivazatA ke kAraNa sArvajanika maryAdA kA dhyAna rakhate hue kisI vivAhetara paddhati se eka nizcita sImA bAdhakara apanI maithunecchA pUrI karatA hai to kyA usake sthUla maithuna-viramaNa vrata kA bhaMga hotA hai ?

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zrAvakAcAra : 99 kyA vaha caturtha aNuvratadhArI nahI ho sakatA ? isa para vicAra karane kI AvazyakatA hai| java zrAvaka maithunasevana kI svadArasatoparUpa maryAdA nizcita karatA hai to usame paradAratyAga, vezyAtyAga, kumArikAtyAga Adi svata. A jAtA hai| aisA hote hue bhI kaI bAra viSayavRtti kI adhInatA ke kAraNa vaha jAne-ajAne aisI-aisI galata galiyAM nikAlatA hai jinase vratabhaga bhI na ho aura maithunecchA bhI pUrI ho jAya / yahI galiyAM sthUla maithuna-viramaNa vrata ke aticAra hai / ye doparUpa hone ke kAraNa tyAjya haiM / inakA zAstrakAro ne anya vratoM ke aticAro kI hI bhAMti nimnokta pAMca rUpo me pratipAdana kiyA hai : itvarika-parigRhItA-gamana, aparigRhItA-gamana, anaMgakrIDA, paravivAhakaraNa aura kaambhog-tiinaabhilaassaa| jo striyAM paradArakoTi me nahI AtI aisI striyoM ko dhana Adi kA lAlaca dekara kucha samaya taka apanI banA lenA arthAt svadArakoTi me le AnA tathA unake sAtha kAmabhoga kA sevana karanA itvarika-parigRhItA-gamana kahalAtA hai| itvara arthAt alpakAla, parigrahaNa arthAt svIkAra, gamana arthAt kAmabhoga-sevana / itvarika-parigRhItAnamana arthAt alpakAla ke lie svIkAra kI huI strI ke sAtha kAmabhoga kA sevana karanA-kucha samaya ke lie rakhI haI kisI mahilA ke sAtha maithunasevana krnaa| jo strI apane lie aparigRhIta arthAt asvIkRta hai usake sAtha kAmabhoga kA sevana karanA aparigRhItA-gamana hai| isa prakAra kI striyo me nimnokta striyo kA samAveza hotA hai : jisake sAtha

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100 : jaina AcAra sambandha nizcita ho gayA ho kintu vivAha na huA ho, jo avivAhita kanyA ke rUpa me hI ho, jisakA pati mara gayA ho, jo vezyA kA vyavasAya karatI ho, jo apane pati dvArA choDa dI gaI ho athavA jisane apane pati ko choDa diyA ho, jisakA pati pAgala ho gayA ho, jo apanI dAsI athavA naukarAnI ke rUpa me kAma karatI ho, ityAdi / ina saba prakAra kI striyoM ke sAtha svadAra saMtopa, jisakA ki niSedhAtmaka rUpa paradAravivarjana hai, kA pUrA artha na samajhane ke kAraNa athavA bhUla se maithunasevana kA prasaMga upasthita honA aparigRhItA-gamana aticAra hai / jisakisI strI ke sAtha kAmottejaka krIr3A karanA, jisa-kisI strI kA kAmottejaka AliMgana karanA, hastakarma Adi kuceSTAeM karanA, kRtrima sAdhanoM dvArA kAmAcAra kA sevana karanA Adi kAmavardhaka pravRttiyA~ anaMgakrIDA ke antargata AtI hai / kanyAdAna me puNya samajha kara athavA rAgAdi ke kAraNa dUsaroM ke lie lar3akelar3akiyA~ DhUDhanA, unakI zAdiyAM karanA Adi karma paravivAhakaraNa aticAra ke antargata haiM / kartavyabuddhi athavA sahAyatAbuddhi se vaisA karane me koI doSa nahI / svasantati ke vivAha Adi kA dAyitva to svadAra saMtoSa se sambaddha hone ke kAraNa zrAvaka para svata. A jAtA hai / ataeva apane putra-putriyo kI zAdI Adi kA samucita prabandha karanA zrAvaka ke caturthaM aNuvrata svadAra - santoSa kI maryAdA ke hI antargata hai / pA~ca indriyoM me se cakSu aura zrotra ke viSaya rUpa aura zabda ko kAma kahate haiM kyoki inase kAmanA to hotI hai kintu bhoga nahI hotA / ghrANa, rasanA va sparzana ke viSaya

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zrAvakAcAra : 101 gadha, rasa va sparza bhogarUpa haiM kyoki ye tIno indriyA~ apane-apane vipaya ke bhoga se hI tRpta hotI haiN| ina kAmarUpa evaM bhogarUpa viSayo me atyanta Asakti rakhanA arthAt inakI atyadhika AkAkSA karanA kAmabhoga-tIvAbhilASA aticAra kahalAtA hai| vAjIkaraNa Adi ke sevana dvArA athavA kAmazAstrokta prayogo dvArA maithunecchA ko adhikAdhika uddIpta karanA bhI kAmabhoga-tIvAbhilApArUpa aticAra hai| apanI patnI ke sAtha amaryAdita Dhaga se maithuna kA sevana karanA bhI kAmabhoga-tIvrAbhilASA aticAra hI kahalAtA hai kyoki isase santoSaguNa kA ghAta hotA hai tathA mana me sadA kAmottejanA banI rahatI hai jo apane Apa ke lie tathA apanI patnI ke lie dukhadAyI hotI hai| uparyukta aticAro se sadAcAra dUSita hotA hai| ataH zrAvaka ko inase bacanA cAhiye / zrAvikA ke lie svapati-santoSarUpa sthUla maithuna-viramaNa vrata kA tathA tadviSayaka samasta aticAro kA Avazyaka parivartana ke sAtha yathocita zabdoM me sayojana kara lenA caahie| 5 icchA-parimANa-manuSya kI icchA ko AkAza ke samAna ananta kahA gayA hai| isakA artha yaha hai ki yadi icchA para niyantraNa na kiyA jAya to vaha kadApi tRpta nahI ho sktii| icchAtRpti kA zreSTha upAya hai icchA-niyantraNa / gRhasthAzrama me rahate hue icchAo kA sarvathA tyAga saMbhava nhiiN| hA, icchAo kI maryAdA avazya vAMdhI jA sakatI hai / isI icchAmaryAdA athavA icchAniyantraNa kA nAma hai icchA-parimANa / yaha zrAvaka kA pAMcavA aNuvrata hai| java icchA parimita ho jAtI hai taba tad

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102 : jaina AcAra mUlaka mamatva tathA tajjanya sagraha athavA parigraha bhI parimita ho jAtA hai / pariNAmata. zrAvaka jo kucha bhI upArjana athavA saMgraha karatA hai vaha kevala AvazyakatA kI pUrti ke lie hI hotA hai| usase vaha satIpapUrvaka apanI tathA apane Azrito kI parimita icchA kI pUrti karatA hai | zrAvaka kI isa prakAra kI parigraha-parimiti kA hI dUsarA nAma sthUla parigraha - viramaNa hai | manuSya ko utanA hI sagraha karanA athavA rakhanA cAhiye jitanA ki usake lie anivArya athavA Avazyaka ho / anAvazyaka sagraha se samAja me vipamatA paidA hotI hai / isa viSamatA ke kAraNa samAja aneka prakAra kI burAiyo ko janma detA hai / samAja me jo zopaNavRtti, pArasparika avizvAsa, IrSyA-dvepa, chala-kapaTa, dukhadAridraya, zoka-satApa, lUTa-khasoTa Adi dekhane ko milate hai unakA pradhAna kAraNa parigrahavRtti, saMgraha khorI athavA sacayabuddhi hai| zopaka pU~jIvAda kI jaDa bhI yahI hai / dUpita sAmyavAda bhI isI para AdhArita hai / parigrahavRtti kI parimitatA se hI sarala eva sacce samAjavAda kI sthApanA ho sakatI hai / dabharahita parigraha-parimANa se hI yathArtha sAmAjika nyAya kI pratiSThA ho sakatI hai / isase vyakti ke jIvana me saralatA, sAdagI eva sadAcaraNa kI vRddhi hotI hai tathA pArasparika vidveSa eva sagharSa ko kamI hotI hai / parigraha kI parimitatA ahiMsaka evaM satyaniSTha samAja ke vikAsa ke liye anivArya hai / isake binA na ahiMsA kI rakSA ho sakatI hai, na satyAdi kI / 1 jaina zAstrakAro ne samasta parigraha kA nimnokta nau prakAroM

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zrAvakAcAra : 103 meM samAveza kiyA hai : 1. kSetra, 2. vastu, 3. hiraNya, 4. suvarNa, 5. dhana, 6. dhAnya, 7. dvipada, 8. catuSpada, 9. kupya / kSetra arthAt kheta, bagIcA, cArAgAha Adi / vastu arthAt makAna, dukAna godAma Adi / hiraNya arthAt cAdI ke vartana, AbhUSaNa tathA anya upakaraNa / suvarNa arthAt sone ke vartana, AbhUpaNa tathA anya upakaraNa / rupayA-paisA, ratna-javAharAta, kraya-vikrayarUpa sonAcA~dI, kala-kArakhAne Adi dhana ke antargata haiN| gehU~, jau, cAvala, ur3ada, mUMga, tila, alasI, maTara Adi dhAnya ke antargata hai| do pA~va vAle prANI yathA--strI, puruSa, totA, mainA, kabUtara, mayUra Adi dvipada me samAviSTa hote haiN| cAra paira vAle prANI yathA---gAya vaila, bhaiMsa, hAthI, ghor3A, bheDa, bakaro Adi catuSpada me samAviSTa hote haiN| sone va cAMdI kI vastuo ke atirikta zeSa samasta vastuo kA samAveza kupya me hotA hai / ye vastue~ mukhyata. lohA, tAMbA, pItala, kAMsA Adi dhAtuo kI banI huI hotI haiN| jo vastueM apane upayoga ke lie nahI apitu vyApAra ke lie hotI haiM unakA samAveza dhana me kiyA jAtA hai| gADI, moTara, sAikala baggI, tAMgA, ratha, ThelA, Traka Adi vAhana svarUpa tathA upayoga kI vividhatA kI dRSTi se dvipada, catuSpada, dhana, kupya Adi me samAviSTa hote haiN|| zramaNa ke samAna mamatva-mUchA-gRddhi-saMgrahavRtti kA sarvathA tyAga karanA zrAvaka ke lie zakya nhii| vaha azata. parigrahavRtti se mukta hotA hai arthAt dezata. parigraha kA tyAga karatA hai| yaha tyAga usake icchA-parimANa arthAt parigraha-parimANa se phalita

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104 : jaina AcAra hotA hai| isIko aNuvrata kI paribhASA me sthUla parigraha-viramaNa vrata kahate hai| isake anusAra zrAvaka uparyukta saba prakAra kI vastuo me se apane lie Avazyaka vastuoM kI maryAdA nizcita kara zeSa samasta vastuo ke grahaNa evaM sagraha kA tyAga karatA hai| yahI parigraha-tyAga kA sthUla rUpa athavA sthUla parigraha-viramaNa hai / isake mUla meM icchA-parimANa rahA huA hai| anya vrato kI bhA~ti parigrahasambandhI isa pacama aNuvrata ke bhI pAMca aticAra vatalAye gaye haiN| ina aticAro kA sambandha uparyukta nau prakAra ke padArtho se hI hai| ina padArthoM ko aticAro kI dRSTi se pAca vargoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai tathA svIkRta sImA kA ullaMghana karane para lagane vAle dopo ko aticAro ke rUpa me inhI ke nAmo se sambaddha kiyA gayA hai / ye aticAra isa prakAra hai . 1. kSetravAstu-parimANa-atikramaNa, 2. hiraNyasuvarNa-parimANa-atikramaNa, 3 dhanadhAnya-parimANa-atikramaNa, 4 dvipadacatuSpada-parimANa-atikramaNa, 5 kupya-parimANaatikramaNa / maryAdA se adhika parigraha kI prApti hone para usakA dAnAdi satkAryo me upayoga kara lenA caahie| isase parigrahaparimANa vrata kI AsAnI se rakSA ho sakatI hai tathA samAjahita ke kAryoM ko Avazyaka protsAhana mila sakatA hai| guNavata: aNuvrato kI rakSA tathA vikAsa ke lie jaina AcArazAstra me guNavato kI vyavasthA kI gaI hai| guNavata tIna haiM : 1, dizA

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zrAvakAcAra : 105 parimANa vrata, 2 upabhogaparibhoga-parimANa nata, 3. anrthdnnddvirmnnvrt| inhe guNavata isalie kahA gayA hai ki inase aNuvrata rUpa mUlaguNoM kI rakSA tathA vikAsa hotA hai| athavA aNuvrato kI bhAvanAo ke rUpa me athavA una bhAvanAo kI dRDhatA ke lie jina vizepa guNo kI AvazyakatA rahatI hai unhe guNavata kahA jAtA hai| inakI upasthiti me aNuvrato kI rakSA vizeSa saralatA se ho sakatI hai| 1. dizA-parimANa-apanI tyAgavRtti ke anusAra vyavasAyAdi pravRttiyo ke nimitta dizAo kI maryAdA nizcita karanA dizA-parimANa vrata hai| isa guNannata se parigraha-parimANarUpa pAMcave aNuvrata kI rakSA hotI hai| dizAo kI maryAdA nizcita ho jAne para tRSNA para svataH niyantraNa ho jAtA hai| tRSNA para niyantraNa hone para sagraha kI bhAvanA para prativandha lagane meM koI dera nahIM lgtii| isa prakAra icchA-parimANa athavA parigraha-parimANarUpa paMcama aNuvrata kI dRDhatA ke lie dizA-parimANarUpa guNavrata Avazyaka hai| dUsare zabdo meM dizA-parimANa vrata, icchA-parimANa vrata kI hI eka bhAvanA athavA guNavizeSa hai jisase parigraha-niyantraNa me sahAyatA milatI hai| dizA-parimANa vrata ke nimnokta pA~ca aticAra haiM : 1. UrdhvadizA-pariNAma-atikramaNa, 2 adhodizA-parimANa-atikramaNa, 3 tiryadizA-parimANa-atikramaNa, 4. kSetravRddhi, 5. smRtyantardhA / pramAdavaza athavA ajJAna ke kAraNa UMcI dizA ke nizcita parimANa kA ullaMghana karane para lagane vAle doSa kA nAma Urdhva

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106 : jaina AcAra dizA-parimANa-atikramaNa hai| nIcI dizA ke parimANa kA ullaMghana karane para jo doSa lagatA hai use adhodizA-parimANaatikramaNa kahate haiN| U~cI va nIcI dizAoM ke atirikta pUrvAdi samasta dizAoM ke parimANa kA ullaMghana karanA tiryadizAparimANa-atikramaNa hai| eka dizA ke parimANa kA amuka aMza dUsarI dizA ke parimANa me milA denA va isa prakAra manamAne Dhaga se kSetra kI maryAdA baDhA leno kSetravRddhi aticAra hai| sImA kA smaraNa na rahane para lagane vAle doSa arthAt aticAra kA nAma smRtyantardhA hai| 'maine sau yojana kI maryAdA kA vrata grahaNa kiyA hai yA pacAsa yojana kI maryAdA kA' isa prakAra kA sandeha hone para athavA smaraNa na hone para pacAsa yojana se Age na jAnA hI anumata hai, cAhe vAstava me maryAdA sau yojana kI hI kyo na ho / yadi ajJAna athavA vismRti se kSetra ke parimANa kA ullaMghana huA ho to vApisa lauTa AnA cAhie, mAlUma hone para Age na jAnA cAhie, na kisI ko bhejanA hI caahie| vaise hI koI gayA ho to usake dvArA prApta vastu kA upayoga bhI nahI karanA cAhie / vismRti ke kAraNa khuda gayA ho va koI vastu prApta huI ho to usakA bhI tyAga kara denA caahie| 2. upabhogaparibhoga-parimANa-jo vastu eka bAra upayoga me AtI hai use upabhoga kahate haiN| vAra-bAra kAma me Ane vAlI vastu ko paribhoga kahA jAtA hai| upabhoga evaM paribhoga kI maryAdA nizcita karanA upabhogaparibhoga-parimANa vrata hai| isa vrata se ahiMsA evaM satoSa kI rakSA hotI hai / isase jIvana me

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zrAvakAcAra : 107 saralatA evaM sAdagI AtI hai tathA vyakti ko mahArambha, mahAparigraha tathA mahAtRSNA se mukti milatI hai / zAstrakAroM ne upabhoga paribhoga sambandhI 26 prakAra kI vastuo kI ginatI kI hai | zrAvaka ko ina vastuo kI tathA inake atirikta aura bhI jitanI vastueM usake kAma me AtI ho una sabakI maryAdA nizcita kara lenI cAhie jisase usake jIvana me hamezA zAnti eva santopa vidyamAna rahe / maryAdA nizcita karane me viveka kA vizeSa upayoga karanA cAhie | jiname adhika hiMsA ora prapaMca kI sambhAvanA ho una padArtho kA tyAga karanA cAhie tathA alpArambha va alpa prapacayukta vastuo kA maryAdApUrvaka sevana karanA cAhie / upabhogaparibhogasambandhI vastuo ke 26 prakAra ye haiM : 1 zarIra zrAdi pochane kA aMgochA Adi, 2 dA~ta sApha karane kA majana Adi, 3 phala, 4 mAliza ke lie tela Adi, 5. uvaTana ke lie lepa Adi, 6 snAna ke lie jala, 7. pahanane ke vastra, 8. vilepana ke lie candana Adi, 9. phUla, 10. AbharaNa, 11. dhUpa-dIpa, 12 peya, 13. pakvAnna, 14. odana, 15 sUpa arthAt dAla, 16. ghRta Adi vigaya, 17. zAka, 18. mAdhuraka arthAt mevA, 19 jemana arthAt bhojana ke padArtha, 20. pIne kA pAnI, 21 mukhavAsa, 22 vAhana, 23. upAnat arthAt jUtA, 24 zayyAsana 25 sacitta vastu, 26 khAne ke anya padArtha | upabhogaparibhoga-parimANa vrata ke bhI pAMca pradhAna praticAra haiM : 1 sacittAhAra, 2 sacitta- prativaddhAhAra, 3 apakvAhAra, 4 duSpakvAhAra, 5 tucchaupadhibhakSaNa | ye aticAra bhojana

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108 : jaina AcAra / athavA hare sambandhI haiM / jo sacita vastu maryAdA ke andara nahI hai usakA bhUla se AhAra karane para sacittAhAra doSa lagatA hai / tyakta sacitta vastu se saMsakta arthAt lagI huI acitta vastu kA AhAra karane para sacitta-pratibaddhAhAra doSa lagatA hai jaise vRkSa se lagA huA goMda, guThalI sahita grAma, piNDakhajUra Adi khAnA | sacitta vastu kA tyAga hone para binA agni ke pake AhAra kA sevana karane para apakvAhAra doSa lagatA hai arthAt kacce zAka, phala Adi kA tyAga hone para binA pake phala Adi kA sevana karane para apakvAhAra aticAra lagatA hai / isI prakAra ardhapakva AhAra kA sevana karane para duSpakvAhAra doSa lagatA hai / jo vastu khAne me kama Ae tathA phekane me adhika jAe arthAt khAne ke liye ThIka taraha se taiyAra na huI ho aisI vastu kA sevana karane para tucchauSadhibhakSaNa aticAra lagatA hai / / upabhogaparibhoga - parimANa vrata ke ArAdhaka ko ina aticAro se bacanA caahie| aticAra sevana kA prasaMga upasthita hone para AlocanA evaM pratikramaNa rUpa pazcAttApa arthAt prAyazcitta karanA cAhie / upabhoga eva paribhoga kI vastuo kI prApti ke lie kisI na kisI prakAra kA karma arthAt vyApAra-vyavasAya-udyoga - dhandhA karanA hI paDatA hai / jisa vyavasAya me mahArambha hotA ho-- sthUla hisA hotI ho-adhika pApa hotA ho vaha vyavasAya zrAvaka ke lie niSiddha hai / isa prakAra ke vyavasAyo se mahAn azubha karmoM kA upArjana hotA hai ata. inheM zAstrakAro ne karmAdAna

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zrAvakAcAra : 109 kahA hai| upAsakadazAga me nimnalikhita 15 karmAdAna zrAvaka ke lie varjita kiye gaye haiM : 1. aMgArakarma, 2. vanakarmaH 3. zakaTakarma, 4. bhATakakarma, 5 sphoTakakarma, 6. daMtavANijya, 7. lAkSAvANijya, 8 rasavANijya, 9. kezavANijya, 10. viSavANijya, 11. yantrapIDanakarma, 12 nilAMchanakarma, 13. dAvAgnidAnakarma, 14. sarohradataDAgazoSaNatAkarma, 15 astojnpossnntaakrm| agArakarma arthAt agni-sambandhI vyApAra jaisekoyale vanAnA, iMTeM pakAnA Adi / vanakarma arthAt vanaspatisambandhI vyApAra jaise-vRkSa kATanA, ghAsa kATanA Adi / zakaTakarma arthAt vAhanasambandhI vyApAra jaise-gADI, moTara, tAMgA, rikzA vagairaha banAnA Adi / bhATakakarma arthAt vAhana kirAye para denA Adi / sphoTakakarma arthAt bhUmi phoDane kA vyApAra jaise-khAne khudavAnA, nahare banavAnA, makAna banAne kA vyavasAya karanA Adi / datavANijya arthAt hAthIdAMta Adi kA / vyApAra / lAkSAvANijya arthAt lAkha Adi kA vyaapaar| rasavANijya arthAt madirA Adi kA vyApAra / kezavANijya arthAt bAlo va vAlavAle prANiyo kA vyApAra / viSavANijya arthAt jaharIlI vastuo tathA hiMsaka astra-zastro kA vyApAra / yantrapIDanakarma arthAt mazIna calAne Adi kA dhandhA / nirlA nakarma arthAt prANiyo ke avayavo ko chedane, kATane Adi kA vyavasAya / dAvAgnidAnakarma arthAt jagala, kheta Adi me Aga lagAne kA kArya / sarohradataDAgazoSaNatAkarma arthAt sarovara, jhIla, tAlAba Adi ko sukhAne kA kArya / asatIjanapoSaNatAkarma arthAt kulaTA

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110: jaina AcAra striyo ke poSaNa, hiMsaka prANiyo ke pAlana, samAjavirodhI tattvoM ke sarakSaNa Adi kA kArya / zrAvaka ke lie ina saba prakAra ke vyavasAyo va inase milate-julate anya prakAra ke kAryoM kA niSedha isalie kiyA gayA hai ki inake garbha me mahatI hisA rahI huI hai / isa prakAra ke hiMsApUrNa kRtyo se karuNAsampanna zrAvaka apanI AjIvikA kaise calA sakatA hai| ina saba vyavasAyo kA tyAga karane para gRhastha kA jIvana kitanA sarala, sAdagIpUrNa evaM sAttvika ho jAtA hai, isakI kalpanA karanA Aja ke yuga ke manuSya ke lie ati kaThina hai / usake lie kucha hI aise laghu udyoga evaM choTemoTe sAttvika vyavasAya raha jAte haiM jinake dvArA vaha binA kisI ADambara ke sIdhA-sAdA jIvana jI sakatA hai / usakA jIvana kitanA pavitra evaM preraNAprada hogA, yaha gA~dhIjI ke jIvana kI eka jhalaka se samajhA jA sakatA hai| gA~dhIjI kI ahiMsaka samAja kI kalpanA kucha-kucha isI DhaMga kI hai / uparyukta 15 karmAdAno me se kucha karma aise bhI haiM jinhe yadi vivekapUrvaka eva viziSTa sAdhanoM kI sahAyatA se kiyA jAya to sthUla hiMsA kA upArjana nahI hotA / vyavasAya koI bhI ho, yadi usame do bAte dRSTigocara ho to vaha zrAvaka ke lie AcaraNIya hai / pahalI bAta yaha hai ki usame sthUla hiMsA arthAt trasa jIvoM kI hiMsA na hotI ho athavA kama-sekama hotI ho| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki usake dvArA kisI vyakti varga athavA samAja kA zoSaNa na hotA ho athavA kama-se-kama hotA ho / isa prakAra kA zoSaNa pratyakSata hiMsA bhale hI na ho kintu parocate hiMsA hI hai / isa prakAra kI hiMsA kabhI-kabhI sAdhAraNa

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zrAvakAcAra 119 * sthUla hiMsA se bhI bhArI ho jAtI hai / kaunasA vyavasAya zrAvaka ke karane yogya hai aura kaunasA karane yogya nahI, isakA nirNaya mukhyataH ina do dRSTiyo se hI karanA cAhie | 3 anarthadaNDa - viramaNa -- apane athavA apane kuTumba ke jIvananirvAha ke nimitta hone vAle anivArya sAvadya arthAt hisApUrNa vyApAra-vyavasAya ke atirikta samasta pApapUrNa pravRttiyo se nivRtta honA anarthadaNDa - viramaNa vrata hai / isa guNavrata se pradhAnatayA ahisA evaM aparigraha kA poSaNa hotA hai / anarthadaNDa - viramaNa vratadhArI zrAvaka nirarthaka kisI kI hisA nahIM karatA aura na nirarthaka vastu kA saMgraha hI karatA hai kyoki isa prakAra ke saMgraha se hiMsA ko protsAhana milatA hai / anarthadaNDa arthAt nirathaMka pApapUrNa pravRttiyA~ cAra prakAra kI batAI gaI haiM : apadhyAnAcaraNa, pramAdAcaraNa, hiMsApradAna aura pApakarmopadeza / apadhyAna arthAt kudhyAna / dhyAna ke cAra prakAra haiM : ArtadhyAna, raudradhyAna, dharmadhyAna va zukladhyAna / inameM se prathama do dhyAna azubha dhyAna - kudhyAna tathA vAda ke do dhyAna zubha dhyAnasudhyAna | ArtadhyAna cAra prakAra kA hai : iSTaviyoga, aniSTasayoga, rogacintA aura nidAna | priya vastu athavA vyakti kA viyoga hone para usake saMyoga ke liye zokAkula rahanA iSTaviyogaArtadhyAna hai / apriya vastu athavA vyakti kA sayoga hone para usake viyoga ke lie vyAkula rahanA aniSTasaMyoga-ArtadhyAna hai / zArIrika athavA mAnasika pIr3A dUra karane kI vyAkulatA ko rogacintA - ArtadhyAna kahate haiM / aprApta viSayoM

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112 : jaina AcAra ko prApta karane kI kAmanA se tIvra saMkalpa karanA nidAna - ArtadhyAna hai / raudradhyAna arthAt krUratApUrNa cintana | jisakA mana krUra hotA hai vaha rudra kahalAtA hai / rudra vyakti kA dhyAna raudradhyAna hai / hiMsA, asatya, corI Adi se sambandhita cintana raudradhyAna ke antargata hai kyoki usame krodha, IrSyA, kapaTa, lobha, ahakAra Adi krUra vRttiyo kI vidyamAnatA hotI hai / ArtadhyAna va raudradhyAna kA sevana hI apadhyAnAcaraNa hai / pramAdAcaraNa arthAt Alasya kA sevana / zubha pravRtti me Alasya rakhanA arthAt zubha pravRtti karanA hI nahI athavA asAvadhAnIpUrvaka zubha pravRtti karanA pramAdAcaraNa hai / isakA vidheyAtmaka rUpa azubha kAryo me udyamazIla rahanA hai / hiMsApradAna kA artha hai kisI ko hiMsaka sAdhana jaise -astra-zastra, viSa Adi dekara hiMsaka kRtyoM me sahAyaka honA / jisa upadeza se sunane vAlA pApakarma me pravRtta ho vaisA upadeza denA pApakarmopadeza kahalAtA hai / jaise hiMsA se virata vyakti kisI ko hiMsaka sAdhana dekara hisaka kRtyoM me sahAyaka nahI hotA usI prakAra pApakarma se nivRtta vyakti kisI ko pApakarma kA upadeza dekara pApapUrNa kRtyo me sahAyaka nahI vanatA / isa prakAra apadhyAnAcaraNa, pramAdAcaraNa, hisApradAna va pApakarmopadeza tathA isI prakAra kI anya nirarthaka pApapUrNa pravRttiyo se nivRtta honA anarthadaNDa - viramaNavratI ke lie Avazyaka hai / anya vrato kI bhAti anarthadaNDa - viramaNa vrata ke bhI pA~ca pradhAna aticAra haiM . 1. kandarpa, 2. kautkucya, 3. maukharya, 4. sayuktAdhikaraNa, 5. upabhogaparibhogAtirikta / vikAravardhaka

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zrAvakAcAra : 113 vacana bolanA yA sunanA kandarpa hai / vikAravardhaka ceSTAeM karanA yA dekhanA kautkucya hai / asambaddha eva anAvazyaka vacana bolanA maukharya hai / jina upakaraNo ke saMyoga se hiMsA kI sabhAvanA baDha jAtI ho unheM saMyukta kara rakhanA sayuktAdhikaraNa hai / udAharaNa ke lie bandUka ke sAtha kAratUsa dhanuSa ke sAtha tIra sayukta kara rakhanA / AvazyakatA se adhika upabhoga eva paribhoga kI sAmagrI saMgraha karanA upabhogaparibhogAtirikta hai / ye saba aticAra nirarthaka hisA kA poSaNa karane vAle haiM ata zramaNopAsaka ko inase bacanA cAhiye / , zakSAvrata : zikSA kA artha hai abhyaas| jisa prakAra vidyArthI puna - puna. vidyA kA abhyAsa karatA hai usI prakAra zrAvaka ko kucha vrato kA puna - puna. abhyAsa karanA paDatA hai / isI abhyAsa ke kAraNa ina vratoM ko zikSAvrata kahA gayA hai / aNuvrata eva guNavrata eka hI vAra grahaNa kiye jAte hai javaki zikSAvrata vAra vAra grahaNa kiye jAte haiM / dUsare zabdo me aNuvrata eva guNavrata jIvanabhara ke liye hote haiM jabaki zikSAvrata amuka samaya ke lie hI hote haiM / zikSAvrata cAra haiM : 1. sAmAyika vrata, 2. dezAvakAzika vrata, 3. pauSadhopavAsa vrata, 4 atithisavibhAga vrata / 1 sAmAyika -- ' sAmAyika' pada ke mUla me 'samAya' zabda hai / samAya zabda 'sama' aura 'Aya' ke sayoga se banatA hai / sama kA artha hai samatA athavA samabhAva aura prAya kA artha hai lAbha athavA prApti / ina dono artho ko milAne se samAya kA artha hotA hai 8

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114 : jaina AcAra samabhAva kA lAbha athavA samatA kI prApti / samAyasambandhI bhAva athavA kriyA ko sAmAyika kahate hai| isa prakAra sAmayika AtmA kA vaha bhAva athavA zarIra kI vaha kriyAvizeSa hai jisase manuSya ko samabhAva kI prApti hotI hai| dUsare zabdo me jo trasa aura sthAvara sabhI jIvo ke prati samabhAva rakhatA hai vaha sAmAyika kA ArAdhaka hotA hai / sAmAyika ke lie mAnasika svasthatA aura zArIrika zuddhi dono Avazyaka haiM / zarIra svastha, zuddha eva sthira ho kintu mana asvastha, azuddha evaM asthira ho to sAmAyika kI sAdhanA nahI kI jA sktii| isI prakAra mana svastha, zuddha tathA sthira ho kintu zArIrika svasthatA, zuddhatA tathA sthiratA kA abhAva ho to bhI sAmAyika kI nirvighna ArAdhanA nahI kI jA sktii| sAmAyika karane vAle ke mana, vacana aura karma tIno pavitra hote haiN| mana, vacana aura karma me sAvadyatA arthAt doSa na rahe, yahI sAmAyika kA prayojana hotA hai| isIlie sAmAyika me sAvadha yoga arthAt doSayukta pravRtti kA tyAga evaM niravadya yoga arthAt doparahita pravRtti kA AcaraNa karanA par3atA hai| amuka samaya taka sAmAyika vrata grahaNa karane vAlA vyakti kramaza. apane sampUrNa jIvana me samatA kA vikAsa karatA hai| dhIre-dhIre samabhAva kA abhyAsa karate-karate vaha pUre jIvana ko samatAmaya banAtA hai| jaba taka samatA jIvanavyApI nahI ho jAtI taba taka usakA abhyAsa calatA rahatA hai| sAmAyika vrata kA yathArtha ArAdhana yahI hai| yahI sAmAyika kA sAra hai|

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zrAvakAcAra : 115 nimnalikhita pA~ca aticAro se sAmAyika vrata dUSita hotA hai : 1. manoduSpraNidhAna, 2 vAgaduSpraNidhAna, 3. kAyaduSpraNidhAna, 4. smRtyakaraNa, 5 anavasthitakaraNa / manase sAvadha bhAvoM kA anucintana karanA manoduSpraNidhAna hai| vANI se sAvadha vacana bolanA vAgduSpraNidhAna hai / garIra se sAvadha kriyA karanA kAyaduSpraNidhAna hai| sAmAyika kI smRti na rakhanA arthAt sAmAyika karanI hai yA nahI, sAmAyika kI hai yA nahI, sAmAyika pUrI huI hai yA nahI-ityAdi viSayaka smRti na honA smRtyakaraNa hai| yathAvasthita sAmAyika na karanA, samaya pUrA hue vinA hI sAmAyika pUrI kara lenA anavasthitakaraNa hai| 2 dezAtrakAzika-dizAparimANa vrata me jIvanabhara ke lie maryAdita dizAo ke parimANa me kucha ghaMTo athavA dino ke lie vizeSa maryAdA nizcita karanA arthAt vizeSa kamI karanA dezAvakAzika vrata hai| deza arthAt kSetra kA eka aza aura avakAza arthAt sthAna / cUMki isa vrata me jIvanaparyanta ke lie gRhIta dizAparimANa arthAt kSetramaryAdA ke eka azarUpa sthAna kI kucha samaya ke lie vizeSa sImA nirdhArita kI jAtI hai isalie ise dezAvakAzika vrata kahate haiM / yaha vrata kSetramaryAdA ko sakucita karane ke sAtha hI upalakSaNa se upabhoga-paribhogAdirUpa anya maryAdAo ko bhI sakucita karatA hai| maryAdita kSetra se bAhara na jAnA, bAhara se kisI ko na bulAnA, na bAhara kisI ko bhejanA aura na bAhara se koI vastu maMgavAnA, bAhara kraya-vikraya na karanA Adi prastuta vrata ke lakSaNa haiN|

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116 : jaina AcAra dezAvakAzika vrata ke nimnokta pA~ca aticAra haiM 1. pAnayanaprayoga, 2. preSaNaprayoga, 3. zabdAnupAta, 4. rUpAnupAta, 5 pudgalaprakSepa / maryAdita kSetra se bAhara kI vastu lAnA, maMgavAnA Adi prAnayanaprayoga hai / maryAdita kSetra ke bAhara vastu bhejanA, lejAnA Adi preSaNaprayoga hai| kisI ko nirdhArita kSetra se bAhara khar3A dekha kara khA~sI Adi zabdasaMketoM dvArA use bulAne Adi kI ceSTA karanA zabdAnupAta hai| sImita kSetra se bAhara rahe hue logo ko bulAne Adi kI ceSTA se hAtha, muMha, sira Adi kA izArA karanA arthAt rUpasaketo kA prayoga karanA rUpAnupAta hai / maryAdita kSetra se bAhara rahe hae vyakti ko apanA abhiprAya jatAne ke lie kakar3a, kAgaja Adi kucha phekanA pudgalaprakSepa hai| 3. pauSadhopavAsa-vizeSa niyamapUrvaka upavAsa karanA arthAt Atmacintana ke nimitta sarva sAvadhakriyA kA tyAga kara zAntipUrNa sthAna se baiTha kara upavAsapUrvaka niyata samaya vyatIta karanA pauSadhopavAsa hai / isa vrata me upavAsa kA mukhya prayojana Atmatattva kA popaNa hotA hai ataH ise pauSadhopavAsa vrata kahate haiN| AtmapoSaNa ke nimitta pauSadhopavAsa ko aMgIkAra karane vAlA zrAvaka bhautika pralobhano se dUra rahatA hai, bhautika Apattiyo se vyAkula athavA vicalita bhI nahI hotaa| isa vrata me sthita sAdhaka zramaNavat sAdhanArata hotA hai / vaha AhAra ke parityAga ke sAtha hI sAtha upalakSaNa se zarIrasatkAra arthAt zArIrika zRgAra, abrahmacarya arthAt maithuna evaM sAvadha vyApAra arthAt hiMsaka kriyA kA bhI tyAga karatA hai|

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zrAvakAcAra . 117 poSadhopavAsa vrata ke nimnokta pAca aticAra haiM : 1 apratilekhita-duSpratilekhita zayyAsaMstAraka, 2.apramAjita-duSpramArjita zayyAsaMstAraka, 3. apratilekhita-duSpratilekhita uccAraprasravaNabhUmi, 4 apramArjita-duppamAjita uccAraprasravaNabhUmi, 5 pauSadhopavAsa-samyagananupAlanatA / zayyA arthAt vasati-makAna aura sastAraka arthAt vichaunA-kaMbalAdi kA pratilekhana arthAt pratyavekSaNa-nirIkSaNa bilakula na karanA athavA ThIka DhaMga se na karanA apratilekhita-duSpratilekhita zayyAsaMstAraka aticAra hai / zayyA va sastAraka ko pramAjita kiye vinA arthAt poche binA-sApha kiye vinA athavA vinA acchI taraha sApha kiye kAma me lenA apramAjita-duSpramArjita zayyAsaMstAraka aticAra hai| isI prakAra malamUtra kI bhUmi kA vinA dekhe athavA acchI taraha na dekhakara upayoga karanA apratilekhita-duSpratilekhita uccAraprasravaNabhUmi aticAra hai tathA sApha kiye vinA athavA vinA acchI taraha sApha kie upayoga karanA apramAjita-duSpramANita uccAraprasravaNabhUmi aticAra hai / pauSadhopavAsa kA samyak prakAra se pAlana na karanA arthAt AtmapoSaka tattvo kA bhalIbhAMti sevana na karanA pauSadhopavAsa-samyagananupAlanatA aticAra hai / ina sava aticAro se dUra rahane vAlA zrAvaka pauSadhopavAsa vrata kI yathArtha ArAdhanA kara sakatA hai| prathama cAra aticAro me anirIkSaNa athavA dunirIkSaNa evaM apramArjana athavA kupramArjana ke kAraNa hiMsAdopa kI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai-jIvajantu kA hanana hone kI zakyatA rahatI hai| 4 . atithimavibhAga-~yathAsavibhAga athavA atithisaMvibhAga

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118 : jaina AcAra caturtha zikSAvrata hai| yaha zrAvaka kA bArahavA~ arthAt aMtima vrata hai| yathAsiddha arthAt apane nimitta banAI huI apane adhikAra kI vastu kA atithi ke lie samucita vibhAga karanA yathAsavibhAga athavA atithisavibhAga kahalAtA hai| jaise zrAvaka apanI Aya ko apane tathA apane kuTumba ke lie vyaya karanA apanA kartavya samajhatA hai vaise hI vaha atithi Adi ke nimitta apanI Aya kA amuka bhAga sahajatayA vyaya karanA bhI apanA kartavya mAnatA hai| yaha kArya vaha kisI svArtha ke kAraNa nahIM karatA apitu vizuddha paramArtha kI bhAvanA se karatA hai| isIlie usakA yaha tyAga utkRSTa koTi me AtA hai / jisake Ane-jAne kI koI tithi arthAt dina nizcita na ho use atithi kahate hai| jo ghUmatAphiratA kabhI bhI kahI pahuMca jAya vaha atithi hai| usakA koI nizcita kAryakrama nahI hotA, jAne-Ane ke nizcita sthAna nahI hote| itanA hI nahIM, usakA bhojana Adi grahaNa karane kA bhI koI nizcita kAryakrama nahI hotaa| use jahA~ jisa samaya jaisI bhI upayukta sAmagrI upalabdha ho jAtI hai vahA~ usa samaya usI se santoSa prApta ho jAtA hai| nirgrantha zramaNa ko isI prakAra kA atithi kahA gayA hai| AdhyAtmika sAdhanA ke lie jisane gRhavAsa kA tyAga kara anagAradharma svIkAra kiyA hai usa bhramaNazIla padayAtrI nirgrantha zramaNa bhikSuka ko nyAyopArjita nirdoSa vastuo kA ni svArthabhAva se zraddhApUrvaka dAna denA utkRSTa koTi kA atithisavibhAga vrata hai| sayamI evaM sAdhaka puruSo ko Avazyaka vastuo kA dAna dene se pavitra jIvana kA anumodana hotA hai

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zrAvakAcAra : 119 AdhyAtmika sAdhanA kA poSaNa hotA hai| isase dAtA kA jIvana bhI upayukta dizA meM vikasita hotA hai| jisa prakAra nirgrantha atithi ko dAna denA zramaNopAsaka kA kartavya hai uso prakAra ni.svArtha bhAva se anya atithiyoM athavA vyaktiyoM kI samucita madada karanA, dIna-dukhiyoM kI yathocita sahAyatA karanA bhI zrAvaka kA dharma hai| isase karuNAvRtti kA poSaNa hotA hai jo ahiMsAdharma ke upayukta vikAsa evaM prasAra ke lie Avazyaka hai| atithisavibhAga vrata ke nimnalikhita pA~ca aticAra batAye gaye haiM jo mukhyatayA AhAra se sambandhita haiM 1. sacittanikSepa, 2. sacittapidhAna, 3. kAlAtikrama, 4. paravyapadeza, 5. mAtsarya / na dene kI bhAvanA se arthAt kapaTapUrvaka sAdhu ko dene yogya AhArAdi ko sacitta-sacetana vanaspati Adi para rakhanA sacittanikSepa hai kyoki nirgrantha zramaNa aisA AhArAdi grahaNa nahI krte| isI prakAra AhArAdi ko sacitta vastu se DhakanA sacittapidhAna hai| atithi ko kucha na denA par3e, isa bhAvanA se arthAt kapaTapUrvaka bhikSA ke ucita samaya se pUrva athavA pazcAt bhikSuka se AhArAdi grahaNa karane kI prArthanA karanA kAlAtikrama aticAra hai| na dene kI bhAvanA se apanI vastu ko parAyI kahanA athavA parAyI vastu dekara apanI vastu bacA lenA athavA apanI vastu svaya na dekara dUsare se dilavAnA paravyapadeza hai| sahajabhAva se arthAt zraddhApUrvaka dAna na dete hue dUsare ke dAnaguNa kI IrSyA se dAna denA mAtsarya aticAra hai| sallekhanA athavA saMthArA : jIvana ke antima samaya me arthAt mRtyu Ane ke samaya tapa

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120 : jaina AcAra vizepa kI ArAdhanA karanA sallekhanA kahalAtA hai / ise zAstrIya paribhApA me apazcima-mAraNAntika-sallekhanA kahate haiN| apazcima kA artha hai jisake pIche koI dUsarA nahIM hai arthAt sabase antima / mAraNAntika kA artha hai mRtyurUpa anta meM hone vAlI / sallekhanA kA artha hai jisake dvArA kapAyAdi kRga ho vaisI samyak AlocanAyukta tapasyA / isa prakAra apazcima-mAraNAntika-sallekhanA kA artha hotA hai maraNAnta ke samaya apane bhUtakAlIna samasta kRtyo kI samyak AlocanA karake zarIra va kaSAyAdi ko kRza karane ke nimitta kI jAnevAlI sabase antima tpsyaa| isakA sIdhe zabdo meM artha hotA hai antima samaya me AhArAdi kA tyAga kara (pahale anna va vAda me jala athavA dono eka sAtha chor3akara) samAdhipUrvaka mRtyu prApta karanA / isa dRSTi se sallekhanA prANAnta anazana hai| sallekhanApUrvaka hone vAlI mRtyu ko jaina AcArazAstra me samAdhimaraNa va paNDitamaraNa kahA gayA hai| ise sathArA bhI kahA jAtA hai| samAdhimaraNa va paDitamaraNa kA artha hotA hai svastha cittapUrvaka va vivekayukta prApta hone vAlo mRtyu / saMthAra arthAt sastAraka kA artha hotA hai vichaunaa| cUMki sallekhanA me vyakti sastAraka grahaNa karatA hai arthAt AhArAdi kA tyAga kara vichaunA vichA kara zAnta citta se eka sthAna para leTA rahatA hai isalie ise sathArA kahate hai / jaba vyakti kA zarIra itanA nirvala ho jAtA hai ki vaha sayama arthAt AcAra ke pAlana ke lie sarvathA anupayukta siddha hotA hai taba usase mukta honA hI sAdhaka ke lie zreyaskara hotA hai| dUsare zabdo me java zarIra

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zrAvakAcAra : 121 kisI kAma kA na raha kara kevala bhArabhUta ho jAtA hai taba usase mukti pAnA hI zreSTha hotA hai| aisI avasthA me binA kisI prakAra kA krodha kiye prazAnta evaM prasanna citta se AhArAdi kA tyAga kara Atmika cintana karate hue samabhAvapUrvaka prANotsarga karanA sallekhanA nata kA mahAn uddezya hai / athavA anya prakAra se mRtyu kA prasaga upasthita hone para nivikAra cittavRtti se deha kA tyAga karanA bhI sallekhanA hai| zrAvaka va zramaNa dono ke lie sallekhanA vrata kA vidhAna hai| ise vrata na kaha kara vratAnta kahanA hI adhika upayukta hogA kyoki isame samasta vratoM kA anta rahA huA hai| isame jaise zarIra kA prazasta anta abhISTa hai vaise hI vrato kA bhI pavitra anta vAchita hai| uparyukta vivecana se spaSTa hai ki sallekhanA athavo sathArA AtmaghAta nahI hai| prAtmaghAta ke mUla me atizaya krodhAdi kapAya vidyamAna hote haiM jabaki sallekhanA ke mUla me kaSAyo kA sarvathA abhAva hotA hai| AtmaghAta citta kI azAnti eva aprasannatA kA dyotaka hai jabaki sallekhanA citta kI prasannatA eva zAnti kA nirdezaka hai| AtmaghAta me mAnasika asantulana kI parisImA hotI hai javaki sallekhanA me samabhAva kA utkarSa hotA hai| AtmaghAta vikRta cittavRtti kA pariNAma hai jabaki sallekhanA nirvikAra cittavRtti se hotI hai| sallekhanA jIvana ke antima samaya me arthAt zarIra kI atyadhika nirvalatA-anupayuktatA-bhArabhUtatA kI sthiti me athavA anyathA mRtyu kA prasaMga upasthita hone para kI jAtI hai jabaki AtmaghAta kisI bhI sthiti meM kiyA jA sakatA

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122 : jaina AcAra hai / sallekhanApUrvaka hone vAlI mRtyu niSkapAyamaraNa, samAdhimaraNa eva paNDitamaraNa hai javaki AtmahatyA sakapAyamaraNa, vAlamaraNa evaM ajJAnamaraNa hai / sallekhanA AdhyAtmika vIratA-nirbhIkatA hai javaki AtmahatyA nirAzAmaya kAyaratA-bhIratA hai| AtmahatyA karanevAlA vyakti sthUla jIvana kI nirAzA se Uba kara mRtyumukha me praveza karatA hai jabaki saMthArA karanevAlA ArAdhaka AdhyAtmika guNo kI rakSA ke lie vIratApUrvaka mRtyu kA AhvAna karatA hai| usame sthUla jIvana ke lobha se AdhyAtmika guNo se cyuta hokara arthAt apane vratavizepa kA bhagakara mRtyu se bhayabhIta hone kI kAyaratA nahI hotI aura na sthala jIvana kI nirAzAoM se hatAza hokara mRtyumukha me praveza karane kI pAmaratA hI hotI hai| vaha jitanA jIvana se nirbhaya hotA hai utanA hI mRtyu se nirbhaya hotA hai eva jitanA mRtyu se nirbhIka rahatA hai utanA hI jIvana se nirbhIka rahatA hai| usake lie jIvana va matyu donoM samAnabhAva se upAdeya hote haiM / vaha sukha, satkAra Adi milane para adhika samaya taka jIvita rahane kI kAmanA nahI karatA eva du.kha, dutkAra Adi milane para zIghra marane kI icchA nahIM karatA / kaSAyAdi ko kRza karatA huA svAbhAvikatayA mRtyu Ane para usakA saharSa svAgata karatA hai evaM utkRSTa AtmapariNAmo ke sAtha apanI jIvanalIlA samApta karatA hai| isa prakAra ke maraNa ko Adarza maraNa na kahA jAya to kyA kahA jAya ? isase baDhakara sAttvika eva zAntipUrNa mRtyu kaunasI ho sakatI hai ? isase adhika vyakti ke dhairya eva vicArazIlatA kI kyA parIkSA ho sakatI hai ? isame kisI

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zrAvakAcAra : 123 prakAra ke Aveza evaM aviveka ko sthAna hI kahA~ ? jo zarIra aba rukane kI sthiti me nahI hai use isase vaDhakara aura zAnadAra vidAI kyA dI jA sakatI hai ? isase kisI kA kyA ahita ho sakatA hai ? isame vyakti va samAja donoM kA hita nihita hai| isakI AtmahatyA se kisI bhI rUpa me tulanA nahIM kI jA sktii| jaina AcArazAstra parahatyA kI taraha AtmahatyA ko bhI bhayakara pApa mAnatA hai| kaSAyamukta vItarAga ahatpraNIta AcArazAstra me sakaSAya mRtyu arthAt krodhAdi kapAyajanya AtmaghAtarUpa maraNa kA vidhAna athavA samarthana kaise ho sakatA hai? dvAdaza vrato kI hI bhAti mAraNAntikI salakhanA athavA sathArA ke bhI mukhya pAca aticAra batAye gaye haiM jo isa prakAra haiM : 1 ihalokAzasAprayoga, 2. paralokAzasAprayoga, 3. jIvitAzasAprayoga, 4. maraNAzaMsAprayoga, 5 kAmabhogAzaMsAprayoga / ihaloka arthAt manuSyaloka, AzaMsA arthAt abhilApA, prayoga arthAt pravRtti / ihalokAzasAprayoga arthAt manuSyalokaviSayaka abhilApArUpa pravRtti / sallekhanA ke samaya isa prakAra kI icchA karanA ki AgAmI bhava me isI loka me dhana, kIrti, pratiSThA Adi prApta hoihalokAzaMsAprayoga aticAra hai| isI prakAra paraloka me deva Adi banane kI icchA karanA paralokAzasAprayoga aticAra hai| apanI prazasA, pUjA-satkAra Adi hotA dekha kara adhika kAla taka jIvita rahane kI icchA karanA jIvitAzaMsAprayoga aticAra he / satkAra Adi na hotA dekha kara athavA kaSTa Adi se ghavarAkara zIghra mRtyu prApta karane kI icchA karanA maraNAzasAprayoga

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124 : jaina AcAra aticAra hai / AgAmI janma me manuSyasambandhI athavA devasambandhI kAmabhoga prApta karane kI icchA karanA kAmabhogAzaMsAprayoga aticAra hai / mAraNAntikI sallekhanA kI arAdhanA karanevAle ko ina va isa prakAra ke anya aticAro se bacanA caahie| isase sallekhanA kI nirdoSa pArAdhanA hotI hai| dopa lagane kI sthiti meM AlocanA va pazcAttApapUrvaka cittazuddhi karanI cAhie / isa prakAra zuddha tathA zAntabhAva se niSkaSAya eva nirdoSa mRtyu kA varaNa karanA caahie| pratimAeM : upAsakadazAMga me Ananda zrAvaka kA varNana karate hue batAyA gayA hai ki usane bhagavAn mahAvIra se pAca aNuvrata va sAta zikSAvrata rUpa bAraha prakAra ke gRhastha-dharma ko svIkAra kiyA evaM ghara me raha kara vAraha vrato kA pAlana karate hue caudaha varSa vyatIta kie| padrahave varSa ke prArabha me use vicAra AyA ki maiMne jIvana kA kAphI hissA gRhastha-jIvana me vyatIta kiyA hai| aba kyo na gRhasthI ke jhajhaToM se mukta hokara zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra se gRhIta dharmaprajJapti svIkAra kara apanA samaya vyatIta karU~ ? aisA vicAra kara usane mitro Adi ke samakSa apane jyeSTha putra ko kuTumba kA sArA bhAra saupA evaM sabase vidA lekara pauSadhazAlA me jAkara pauSadha grahaNa kara zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra se lI huI dharmaprajJapti svIkAra kara rahane lgaa| usane upAsaka-pratimAeM agIkAra kI evaM eka-eka karake gyAraha pratimAo kI ArA

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zrAvakAcAra : 125 mA dhanA kI / anta me mAraNAntika sallekhanA svIkAra kara bhaktapAna kA pratyAkhyAna kara samAdhimaraNa prApta kiyA eva saudharma devaloka ke saudharmAvatasaka mahAvimAna ke uttara-pUrva me sthita aruNa vimAna me cAra palyopama kI sthitivAle deva ke rUpa me utpanna huaa| vahA~ kI Ayu pUrNa kara vaha mahAvideha me mukta hogaa| aAnanda ke isa varNana me spaSTa ullekha hai ki usane dvAdaza zrAvaka-vrato kA pAlana karate hue jIvana ke antima bhAga me ekAdaza upAsaka-pratimAo kI ArAdhanA kI evaM sallekhanApUrvaka mRtyu prApta kI / dvAdaza vrato va sallekhanA kA paricaya to pAThako ko prApta ho hI cukA hai| aba ekAdaza pratimAo kA paricaya karAnA abhISTa hogaa| yahA~ pratimA kA artha hai pratijJAvizeSa, vratavizeSa, tapavizeSa athavA abhigrahavizeSa / pratimAsthita zrAvaka zramaNavat vratavizeSo kI ArAdhanA karatA hai| kozakAra pratimA ke mUrti, pratikRti, prativimba, vimba, chAyA, praticchAyA Adi artha dete haiN| cUki pratimAoM kI ArAdhanA karane vAle zrAvaka kA jIvana zramaNa ke sadRza hotA hai arthAt usakA jIvana eka prakAra se zramaNa-jIvana kI hI pratikRti hotA hai ata. usake vratavizeSoM ko pratimAeM kahA jAtA hai| jisa prakAra zrAvaka ke lie zramaNajIvana kI pratikRtirUpa ekAdaza upAsaka-pratimAo kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai usI prakAra zramaNa ke lie bhI apane se ucca koTi ke sAdhaka ke jIvana kI pratikRtirUpa dvAdaza bhikSu-pratimAmao kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| dazAzrutaskandha me ina dono prakAra kI

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126 : jaina AcAra pratimAo - sAdhanA-sopAno kA saMkSipta evaM suvyavasthita varNana hai / paSTha uddeza me upAsaka - pratimAo tathA saptama uddeza me bhikSu pratimAo para prakAza DAlA gayA hai / vratadhArI zrAvaka me prArambha kI kucha pratimAe~ pahale se hI vidyamAna hotI hai | ataH unake liye use vizeSa prayatna nahIM karanA par3atA / jise zrAvaka ke vrato ke pAlana kA abhyAsa nahI hotA use prathama pratimA se hI prayatnazIla honA paDatA hai / prathama pratimA meM samyagdRSTi arthAt AstikadRSTi prApta hotI hai / isame sarvadharmaviSayaka ruci arthAt sarvaguNaviSayaka prIti hotI hai / dRSTi doSoM kI ora na jAkara guNo kI ora jAtI hai / yaha pratimA darzanazuddhi arthAt dRSTi kI vizuddhatA - zraddhA kI yathArthatA se sambandha rakhatI hai / isame guNaviSayaka ruci kI vidya mAnatA hote hue bhI zIlavrata, guNavrata, pratyAkhyAna, pauSadhopavAsa Adi kI samyak ArAdhanA nahI hotI / isakA nAma darzanapratimA hai / dvitIya pratimA kA nAma vratapratimA hai / isame zIlavrata, guNavrata, viramaNavrata, pratyAkhyAna, pauSadhopavAsa Adi to samyaktayA dhAraNa kiye jAte haiM kintu sAmAyikavrata eva dezAvakA zikavrata kA samyak pAlana nahI hotA / tRtIya pratimA kA nAma sAmAyika pratimA hai / isame sAmAyika eva dezAvakAzika vratoM kI samyak ArAdhanA hote hue bhI caturdazI, aSTamI, amAvasyA, pUrNimA Adi ke dino me pauSadhopavAsavrata kA samyak pAlana nahI hotA /

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zrAvakAcAra . 127 caturtha pratimA me sthita zrAvaka caturdazI Adi ke dino me pratipUrNa pauSadhavrata kA samyaktayA pAlana karatA hai| isakA nAma pauSadhapratimA hai| pAcavI pratimA kA nAma hai niymprtimaa| isame sthita zramaNopAsaka nimnokta pA~ca niyamo kA vizeSa rUpa se pAlana karatA hai : 1 snAna nahI karanA, 2. rAtribhojana nahI karanA, 3. dhotI kI lAga nahIM lagAnA, 4 dina me brahmacArI rahanA eva rAtri me maithuna kI maryAdA karanA, 5 ekarAtrikI pratimA kA pAlana karanA arthAt mahIne me kama-se-kama eka rAta kAyotsarga avasthA me dhyAnapUrvaka vyatIta karanA / chaThI pratimA kA nAma brahmacaryapratimA hai kyoki isame zrAvaka dina kI bhAMti rAtri me bho brahmacarya kA pAlana karatA hai| isa pratimA me sarva prakAra ke sacitta AhAra kA parityAga nahI hotaa| sAtavI pratimA me sabhI prakAra ke sacitta AhAra kA parityAga kara diyA jAtA hai kintu prArambha (kRSi, vyApAra Adi me hone vAlI alpa hiMsA) kA tyAga nahI kiyA jaataa| isa pratimA kA nAma hai sacittatyAgapratimA / AThavI pratimA kA nAma ArambhatyAgapratimA hai| isame upAsaka svaya to Arabha kA tyAga kara detA hai kintu dUsaro se Arabha karavAne kA parityAga nahI kara sktaa| navI pratimA dhAraNa karanevAlA zrAvaka Arabha karavAne kA bhI tyAga kara detA hai / isa avasthA me vaha uddiSTa bhakta

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jaina AcAra arthAt apane nimitta se bane hae bhojana kA parityAga nahI karatA / isa pratimA kA nAma preSyaparityAgapratimA hai kyoki isame Arabha ke nimitta kisI ko kahI bhejane-bhijavAne kA tyAga hotA hai| Arabhavardhaka parigraha ko tyAga hone ke kAraNa ise parigrahatyAgapratimA bhI kahate haiN| dasavI pratimA me uddiSTa bhakta kA bhI tyAga kara diyA jAtA hai| isa pratimA me sthita zramaNopAsaka ustare se muNDita hotA huA zikhA dhAraNa karatA hai arthAt sira ko ekadama sApha na karAtA huA coTI jitane bAla sira para rakhatA hai| isase yaha mAlUma hotA hai ki gRhastha ke sira para coTI rakhane kA rUDha prathA jaina paramparA me bhI mAnya rahI hai| dasavI pratimA dhAraNa karane vAle gRhastha ko jaba koI eka bAra athavA aneka bAra, bulAtA hai yA eka athavA aneka prazna pUchatA hai taba vaha do hI) uttara detA hai| jAnane para kahatA hai ki maiM yaha jAnatA huuN| na jAnane kI sthiti me kahatA hai ki mujhe yaha mAlUma nahI / cUMki isa pratimA me uddiSTa bhakta kA tyAga abhipreta hotA hai ata. isakA nAma uddiSTabhaktatyAgapratimA hai| ___ gyArahavI pratimA kA nAma zramaNabhUtapratimA hai| zramaNabhUta kA artha hotA hai zramaNa ke sadRza / jo gRhastha hote hue bhI sAdha ke samAna AcaraNa karatA hai arthAt zrAvaka hote hue bhI zrA ke samAna kriyA karatA hai vaha zramaNabhUta kahalAtA hai| zrI bhUtapratimApratipanna zramaNopAsaka bAloM kA ustare se muNDana vAtA hai athavA hAtha se lucana karatA hai| isa pratimA me/ samuNDamaghopa

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zrAvakAcAra : 129 nahI rakhI jaatii| veSa, bhANDopakaraNa evaM AcaraNa zramaNa ke hI samAna hotA hai / zramaNabhUta zrAvaka munivepa me anagAravat AcAra-dharma kA pAlana karatA huA jIvanayApana karatA hai| sambandhiyo va jAti ke logo ke sAtha yatkiMcit snehabandhana hone ke kAraNa unhI ke yahA~ se arthAt paricita gharo se hI bhikSA grahaNa karatA hai| bhikSA lete samaya vaha isa bAta kA dhyAna rakhatA hai ki dAtA ke yahA~ usake pahuMcane ke pUrva jo vastu bana cukI hotI hai vahI vaha grahaNa karatA hai, anya nahI / yadi usake pahuMcane ke pUrva cAvala paka cuke ho aura dAla na pakI ho to vaha cAvala le legA, dAla nhii| isI prakAra yadi dAla paka cukI ho aura cAvala na pake ho to vaha dAla le legA, cAvala nahI / pahu~cane ke pUrva dono cIje bana cukI ho to dono le sakatA hai aura eka bhI na banI ho to eka bhI nahIM le sakatA / pratimAeM guNasthAno kI taraha Atmika vikAsa ke baDhate hue athavA caDhate hue sopAna haiM ata uttara-uttara pratimAo me pUrva-pUrva pratimAoM ke guNa svata samAviSTa hote jAte haiN| jaba zrAvaka gyArahavI arthAt antima pratimA kI ArAdhanA karatA hai taba usame prArambha se lekara anta taka kI samasta pratimAo ke guNa rahate haiN| isake bAda apanI zakti ke anusAra cAhe vaha munidharma ko dIkSA grahaNa kara sakatA hai, cAhe usI pratimA ko dhAraNa kiye raha sakatA hai| ina pratimAo me se kucha ke lie adhikatama kAlamaryAdA bhI vatalAI gaI hai| udAharaNa ke lie pAMcavI pratimA kA adhikatama kAla pAca mAsa, chaThI kA chaH mAsa,

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130 : jaina AcAra yAvat gyArahavI kA gyAraha mAsa hai / yaha eka sAdhAraNa vidhAna hai / sAdhaka ke sAmarthya ke anusAra isame yathocita parivartana bhI ho sakatA hai / zvetAmbara va digambara paramparA sammata upAsaka - pratimAoM ke krama tathA nAmoM me nagaNya antara hai / zvetAmbara - paramparA me ekAdaza upAsaka - pratimAoM ke nAma kramAnusAra isa prakAra milate hai : 1. darzana, 2 vrata, 3. sAmAyika, 4 pauSadha, 5 niyama, 6. brahmacarya, 7 sacittatyAga, 8 ArambhatyAga, 9. preSyaparityAga athavA parigrahatyAga, 10 uddiSTabhaktatyAga, 11. zramaNabhUta / digambara- paramparA meM ina pratimAoM ke nAma isa krama se milate haiM : 1. darzana, 2. vrata, 3. sAmAyika, 4. pauSadha, 5 sacittatyAga, 6 rAtribhuktityAga, 7. brahmacarya, 8 ArambhatyAga, 9. parigrahatyAga, 10. anumatityAga, 11 uddiSTatyAga / uddiSTatyAga ke do bheda hote haiM jinake liye kramazaH kSullaka aura ailaka zabdo kA prayoga hotA hai / ye zrAvaka kI utkRSTa avasthAe~ hotI haiM / zvetAmbara va digambara sammata prathama cAra nAmo me koI antara nahI hai / sacittatyAga kA krama digambara-paramparA meM pAcavA hai jabaki zvetAmbara - paramparA me sAtavA hai / digambarAbhimata rAtribhuktityAga zvetAmbarAbhimata pAcavI pratimA niyama ke antargata samAviSTa hai / brahmacarya kA krama zvetAmbara paramparA me chaThA hai jabaki digambara - paramparA me sAtavAM hai / digambarasammata anumatityAga zvetAmbarasammata uddiSTabhakta tyAga ke hI antargata samAviSTa ho jAtA hai kyoki isa pratimA meM zrAvaka S

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zrAvakAcAra : 135 uddiSTa bhakta grahaNa na karane ke sAtha hI kisI prakAra ke Arambha kA samarthana bhI nahIM krtaa| zvetAmbarAbhimata zramaNabhUtapratimA hI digambarAbhimata uddiSTatyAgapratimA hai kyoki ina donoM me zrAvaka kA AcaraNa bhikSuvat hotA hai| kSullaka va ailaka zramaNa ke hI samAna hote haiN| pratikramaNa jItakalpa sUtra meM jina dasa prakAra ke prAyazcitto kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai uname pratikramaNa bhI eka hai| pratikramaNa arthAt vApasI / yahA~ vApasI kA artha hai zubhayoga se azubhayoga me gaye hue apane Apako punaH zubhayoga me lAnA / sAdhaka pramAdavaza zubhayoga se cyuta hokara azubhayoga meM pahuMca jAtA hai / isa prakAra azubhayoga ko prApta karane ke bAda phira se zubhayoga ko prApta karanA pratikramaNa hai| jisa prakAra zramaNa ke liye vrato me doSa lagane para pratikramaNarUpa prAyazcitta Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai usI prakAra zrAvaka ke liye bhI aticAroM kI zuddhi ke liye pratikramaNa kI AvazyakatA svIkAra kI gaI hai| zrAvaka sthUla prANAtipAta-viramaNa Adi jina vratoM ko svIkAra karatA hai uname bandha, vadha Adi aneka aticArarUpa doSa lagane kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai| ina doSoM kA samyaka nirIkSaNa kara AlocanApUrvaka pazcAttApa karanA cAhiye eva bhaviSya me unakI punarAvRtti na ho, isakA dhyAna rakhanA caahiye| isa prakAra zrAvaka azubhayoga se nivRtta hokara vizuddhabhAva se uttarottara zubhayoga me pravRtta hotA

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132 : jaina AcAra jAtA hai| yahI pratikramaNa kI sArthakatA hai| pratikramaNa kA prayojana sAdhaka ke jIvana se pramAdabhAva ko dUra karanA hai| anAna, mithyAjJAna, rAga, dvepa Adi pramAda ke hI rUpa haiN| pramAda sAdhaka-jIvana kA eka bhayaMkara roga hai jo sAdhanA ko saDAgalA kara naSTa-bhraSTa kara detA hai| pratikramaNa isa roga ko naSTa karane kI eka adbhuta auSadhi hai| sAdhaka ko isa DhaMga se pratikramaNarUpa auSadhi kA sevana karate rahanA cAhie ki pramAdarUpa roga jIvana me tanika bhI panapane na paae|

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zrama gA - dharma mahAvrata rAtribhojana-viramaNavata SaDAvazyaka Adarza zramaNa acelakatva va sacelakatva vastramaryAdA vastra kI gaveSaNA pAtra kI gaveSaNA va upayoga AhAra AhAra kyoM? AhAra kyoM nahIM ? vizuddha AhAra AhAra kA upayoga AhArasambandhI doSa ekabhakta vihAra arthAt gamanAgamana naukAvihAra padayAtrA vasati arthAt upAzraya

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sAmAcArI sAmAnya caryA paryuSaNAkalpa bhikSu-pratimAeM samAdhimaraNa athavA paNDitamaraNa

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zramaNa-dharma upAsaka athavA prAvaka aMzata. hisAdi kA tyAga karatA hai ata. vaha dezavirata kahalAtA hai| zramaNa athavA bhikSu pUrNata. hiMsAdi kA pratyAkhyAna karatA hai ata. vaha sarvavirata kahalAtA hai| zrAvaka ke vrato ko aguvata arthAt AMzika tyAga aura zramaNa ke vrato ko mahAvrata arthAt pUrNa tyAga kahA jAtA hai| sarvaviratirUpa mahAvrata pAMca haiM : 1. sarvaprANAtipAta-viramaNa, 2 sarvamapAvAda-viramaNa, 3. sarvaadattAdAna-viramaNa, 4. sarvamaithuna-viramaNa, 5. sarvaparigraha-viramaNa / prANAtipAta arthAt hisA Adi kA karanA, karAnA ora anumodana karanA rUpa tIna karaNo kA mana, vacana aura kAya rUpa tIna yogo se nipedha kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra ke tyAga ko navakoTi (343%9) pratyAkhyAna kahA jAtA hai| prANAtipAta se navakoTi se virati lenA sarvaprANAtipAta-viramaNarUpa prathama mahAvrata hai| isI prakAra mRSAvAda arthAt jhUTha, adattAdAna arthAt corI, maithuna arthAt kAmabhoga aura parigraha arthAt saMgraha ke navakoTi pratyAkhyAnarUpa sarvamRSAvAda-viramaNa, sarvaadattAdAna-viramaNa, sarvamaithuna-viramaNa aura sarvaparigraha-viramaNa ke vipaya me samajha lenA caahie| ye mahAvrata yAvajjIvana arthAt jIvanabhara ke lie hote haiN| mahAtrata pRthvIkAya, apkAya, tejaskAya, vAyukAya, vanaspatikAya

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136 : jaina AcAra aura trasakAya jIvanikAya haiM / ina cha jIvanikAyo kI hisA kA navakoTi- pratyAkhyAna sarvaprANAtipAta viramaNa mahAvrata kahalAtA hai / pRthvIkAya arthAt bhUmi, apkAya arthAt jala, tejaskAya arthAt vahni, vAyukAya arthAt pavana, vanaspatikAya arthAt harita aura trasakAya arthAt dvIndriyAdi prANI | mahAvratadhArI zramaNa athavA zramaNI kA kartavya hai ki vaha dina me athavA rAtri me, akele athavA samUha me, sote hue athavA jAgate hue bhUmi, bhitti, zilA, patthara, dhuliyukta zarIra athavA vastra ko hasta, pAda, kASTha, aMgulI, zalAkA Adi se na jhAr3e, na poMche, na idhara-udhara hilAye, na chedana kare, na bhedana kare / apane dhUliyukta zarIra Adi ko vastrAdi mRdu sAdhano se sAvadhAnIpUrvaka bhAr3e-poche / udaka, osa, hima, Ardra zarIra athavA Ardra vastra ko na hue, na sukhAe, na nicor3e, na jhaTake, na agni ke pAsa rkhe| apane gIle zarIra Adi ko yatanApUrvaka sukhAe athavA sUkhane de| agni, agAra, cinagArI, jvAlA athavA ulkA ko na jalAye, na bujhAye, na hilAye, na jala se zAnta kare, na bikhere / pakhe, patra, zAkhA, vastra, hasta, mukha Adi se havA na kare / bIja, akura, paudhe, vRkSa Adi para paira na rakhe, navaiThe, na soye / hAtha, paira, sira, vastra, pAtra, rajoharaNa, zayyA, sastAraka Adi me kITa, pataMga, kuthU, cITI Adi dikhAI dene para unhe yatanApUrvaka ekAnta me chor3a de / pratyeka jIva jIne kI icchA karatA hai / koI bhI maranA nahI cAhatA / jisa prakAra hame apanA jIvana priya hai usI prakAra dUsaro ko bhI apanA jIvana priya hai / isalie nirgrantha muni prANavadha kA tyAga karate hai ! asAvadhAnI

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zramaNa-dharma . 137 pUrvaka baiThane, uThane, calane, sone, khAne, pIne, bolane se pApakarma baMdhatA hai| isalie bhikSu ko samasta kriyA yatanApUrvaka karanI caahie| jo jIva aura ajIva ko jAnatA hai, vastuta. vahI sayama ko jAnatA hai| kyoki jIva aura ajIva ko jAnane para hI sayamI jIvoM kI rakSA kara sakatA hai| isalie kahA gayA hai ki pahale jJAna hai, phira dayA / jo sayamI jJAnapUrvaka dayA kA AcaraNa karatA hai vahI vastuta. dayAdharma kA pAlana karatA hai| ajJAnI na puNya-pApa ko samajha sakatA hai, na dharma-adharma ko jAna sakatA hai, na hiMsA-ahiMsA kA viveka kara sakatA hai| AcArAga ke dvitIya zrutaskandha kI tRtIya cUlA me pAca mahAvrato kI pacIsa bhAvanAeM batAI gaI haiM jinake pAlana se mahAvrato kI rakSA hotI hai| prANAtipAta-viramaNa kI pAca bhAvanAeM ye haiM . 1. IryAviSayaka samiti-gamanAgamanasambandhI sAvadhAnI,2. mana kI apApakatA-mAnasika vikArarahitatA,3 vacana kI apApakatA-vANI kI vizuddhatA, 4. bhANDopakaraNaviSayaka samiti-pAtrAdi upakaraNa-sambandhI sAvadhAnI, 5. bhakta-pAnaviSayaka AlokikatA-khAna-pAnasambandhI scettaa| ye evaM isI prakAra kI anya prazasta bhAvanAe~ ahiMsAvata ko sudRDha evaM surakSita karatI haiN| jisa prakAra sarvavirata zramaNa jIvakAya kI hiMsA kA sarvathA tyAga karatA hai usI prakAra vaha mRpAvAda se bhI sarvathA virata hotA hai| asatya hiMsAdi doSo kA janaka hai, yaha samajhakara vaha kadApi asatya vacana kA prayoga nahIM krtaa| vaha hamezA nirdopa,

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138 : jaina AcAra akarkaza, asaMdigdha vANI bolatA hai| krodha, mAna, mAyA va lobhamUlaka vacana tathA jAna-bUjhakara athavA ajJAnavaza prayoga kiye jAne vAle kaThora vacana anArya vacana haiN| ye doSayukta hone ke kAraNa tyAjya hai| zramaNa ko sadigdha athavA anizcita dazA meM nizcaya-vANI kA prayoga nahIM karanA caahie| samyaktayA nizcaya hone para hI nizcaya-vANI bolanI cAhie / sadoSa, kaThora, jIvoM ko kaSTa pahucAne vAlI bhASA bhikSu na bole| vaha satya, mRdu, nirdoSa, abhUtopaghAtinI bhASA kAma me le| satya hone para bhI avajJAsUcaka zabdoM kA prayoga na kare kintu sammAnasUcaka zabda prayoga me le / sakSepa me kahA jAya to sarvavirata bhikSu ko krodhAdi kaSAyo kA parityAga kara, samabhAva dhAraNa kara vicAra va viveka pUrvaka sayamita satya bhASA kA prayoga karanA caahie| satyavrata kI pAca bhAvanAeM ye haiM: 1. vANIviveka, 2. kroghatyAga, 3. lobhatyAga,4 bhayatyAga, 5. haasytyaag| vANIviveka arthAt soca-samajhakara bhASA kA, prayoga karanA / krodhatyAga arthAt gussA na krnaa| lobhatyAga arthAt lAlaca me na phsnaa| bhayatyAga arthAt nirbhIka rhnaa| hAsyatyAga arthAt ha~sI-majAka na krnaa| ina va isI prakAra kI anya prazasta bhAvanAo se satyavata kI rakSA hotI hai| , adattAdAna se sarvathA viramaNa hone vAlA zramaNa koI bhI vastu binA dI huI grahaNa nahIM krtaa| vaha binA anumati ke eka tinakA uThAnA bhI steya arthAt corI samajhatA hai| kisI kI girI huI, bhUlI huI, rakhI huI athavA ajJAta svAmI kI

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zramaNa-dharma : 139 vastu ko chUnA bhI usake lie niSiddha hai / AvazyakatA hone para vaha svAmI kI anumati se arthAt upayukta vyakti ke dene para hI kisI vastu ko grahaNa karatA hai athavA usakA upayoga karatA hai / jisa prakAra vaha svayaM adattAdAna kA sevana nahI karatA usI prakAra kisI se karavAtA bhI nahI aura karane-karAne vAloM kA samarthana bhI nahI karatA / isa prakAra sarvavirata muni suvizuddha bhAvanA se adattAdAna - viramaNa mahAvrata kA pAlana karatA hai | isase usake ahiMsAvrata ke pAlana me sahAyatA milatI hai / asteyavrata kI dRr3hatA evaM surakSA ke lie pAca bhAvanAeM isa prakAra batalAI gaI haiM : 1. soca-vicAra kara vastu kI yAcanA karanA, 2 AcArya Adi kI anumati se bhojana karanA, 3 . parimita padArtha svIkAra karanA, 4 . punaH puna. padArthoM kI maryAdA karanA, 5 sAdharmika ( sAthI zramaNa ) se parimita vastuo kI # yAcanA karanA / zramaNa-zramaNI ke lie maithuna kA pUrNa tyAga anivArya hai / usake maithunatyAga ko sarvamaithuna - viramaNa kahA jAtA hai / isame usake lie mana, vacana eva kAya se maithuna kA sevana karane, karavAne tathA anumodana karane kA niSedha hotA hai / ise navakoTi brahmacarya athavA navakoTi zIla kahA jAtA hai / maithuna ko adharma kA mUla tathA mahAdoSoM kA sthAna kahA gayA hai / isase aneka prakAra ke pApa utpanna hote haiM, hiMsAdi doSoM aura kalaha-saMgharSavigraha kA janma hotA hai / yaha saba samajhakara nigraMtha muni maithuna ke sasarga kA sarvathA tyAga karate hai / jaise murgI ke bacce ko

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140 : jaina AcAra billI se hamezA Dara rahatA hai usI prakAra saMyamI zramaNa ko strI ke zarIra evaM saMyata zramaNI ko purupa kI kAyA se sadA bhaya rahatA hai / ve strI-puruSa ke rUpa, raMga, citra Adi dekhanA tathA gIta Adi sunanA bhI pApa samajhate haiN| yadi usa ora dRSTi calI bhI jAya to ve turanta sAvadhAna hokara apanI dRSTi ko khIca lete haiN| ve bAla, yuvA eva vRddha sabhI prakAra ke nara-nAriyo se dUra rahate haiN| itanA hI nahI, ve kisI bhI prakAra ke kAmottejaka athavA indriyAkarSaka padArtha se apanA sambandha nahI joDate / brahmacaryavrata ke pAlana ke lie pAMca bhAvanAeM isa rUpa me batalAI gaI haiM. 1. strI-kathA na karanA, 2. strI ke aMgo kA avalokana na karanA, 3.pUrvAnubhUta kAma-krIDA Adi kA smaraNa na karanA, 4. mAtrA kA atikramaNa kara bhojana na karanA, 5 strI Adi se sambaddha sthAna me na rahanA / jisa prakAra zramaNa ke lie strI-kathA Adi kA niSedha hai usI prakAra zramaNI ke lie puruSakathA Adi kA pratiSedha hai| ye evaM isI prakAra kI anya bhAvanAeM sarvamaithuna-viramaNa vrata kI saphalatA ke lie anivArya hai| sarvavirata zramaNa ke lie sarvaparigraha-viramaNa bhI anivArya hai| parigraha mAnava-jIvana kA eka bahuta bar3A pApa hai, dopa hai, hiMsA hai| yaha manuSya kI manovRtti ko uttarottara kaluSita karatA hai| isase vyakti me azAnti utpanna hotI hai, azubha bhAvanAe~ paidA hotI haiM tathA samAja me sagharSa baDhatA hai, kalaha panapatA hai| kisI bhI vastu kA mamatvamUlaka sagraha parigraha kahalAtA hai / sarvavirata zramaNa svaya isa prakAra kA saMgraha kadApi nahIM karatA,

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zramaNa-dharma : 141 dUsaro se nahIM karAtA aura karane vAloM kA samarthana nahI krtaa| vaha pUrNatayA anAsakta eva akiMcana hotA hai| itanA hI nahI, vaha apane zarIra para bhI mamatva nahI rkhtaa| sayamanirvAha ke lie vaha jo kucha bhI alpatama upakaraNa apane pAsa rakhatA hai una para bhI usakA mamatva nahIM hotaa| unake kho jAne athavA naSTa ho jAne para use zoka nahI hotA tathA prApta hone para harSa nahI hotA, vaha unheM kevala saMyama-yAtrA ke sAdhana ke rUpa meM kAma me letA hai| jisa prakAra vaha apane zarIra kA anAsakta bhAva se pAlana-popaNa karatA hai usI prakAra apane upakaraNoM kA bhI nirmama bhAva se rakSaNa karatA hai| mamatva athavA Asakti Antarika granthi hai| jo sAdhaka isa granthi kA chedana karatA hai vaha nigrantha kahalAtA hai| sarvavirata bhramaNa isI prakAra kA nirgrantha hotA hai| ___aparigrahanata kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ ye haiM : 1. zrotrendriya ke viSaya zabda ke prati rAga-dveSarahitatA arthAt anAsakta bhAva, 2. cakSurindriya ke viSaya rUpa ke prati anAsakta bhAva, 3 ghrANendriya ke viSaya gandha ke prati anAsakta bhAva, 4. rasanendriya ke viSaya rasa ke prati anAsakta bhAva, 5 sparzanendriya ke viSaya sparza ke prati anAsakta bhAva / rAtribhojana-viramaNavata: vaTTakerAcAryakRta mUlAcAra ke mUlaguNAdhikAra nAmaka prathama prakaraNa me sarvavirata zramaNa ke 28 mUla guNoM kA varNana hai. pAca

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142 : jaina AcAra mahAnata, pAca samitiyA~, pAca indriyoM kA nirodha, chaH prAvazyaka, loca, acelakatva, asnAna, kSitizayana, adatadhAvana, sthitibhojana aura ekabhakta / ekabhakta kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahA gayA hai ki muni sUryodaya va sUryAsta ke madhya me eka bAra bhojana karatA hai| sUryAsta va sUryodaya ke bIca yAnI rAtri me usake bhojana kA sarvathA tyAga hotA hai| dazavakAlika sUtra ke kSullikAcAra-kathA nAmaka tRtIya adhyayana meM nirgrantho ke lie auddezika bhojana, krIta bhojana, AmantraNa svIkAra kara grahaNa kiyA huA bhojana yAvat rAtribhojana kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai / SaDjIvanikAya nAmaka caturtha adhyayana me pA~ca mahAvrato ke sAtha rAtribhojana-viramaNa kA bhI pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai evaM use chaThA vrata kahA gayA hai| AcArapraNidhi nAmaka AThave adhyayana me spaSTa kahA gayA hai ki rAtribhojana hiMsAdi doSo kA janaka hai| ata nirgrantha sUrya ke asta hone se lekara sUrya kA udaya hone taka kisI bhI prakAra ke AhArAdi kI mana se bhI icchA na kre| isa prakAra jaina AcAra-granthoM me sarvavirata ke lie rAtribhojana kA sarvathA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| vaha AhAra, pAnI Adi kisI bhI vastu kA rAtri me upabhoga nahI karatA / jaina AcAra-zAkha ahiMsAnata kI sampUrNa sAdhanA ke lie rAtribhojana kA tyAga anivArya mAnatA hai| ghaDAvazyaka : . * mUlAcAra Adi digambara paramparA ke AcAra-granthoM evaM Avazyaka Adi zvetAmbara paramparA ke AcAra-granthoM me sarvavirata

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zramaNa-dharma . 143 muni ke lie Sar3Avazyaka arthAt cha. Avazyako kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| inake nAma dono paramparAo me, eka haiM-abhinna hai| krama kI dRSTi se pAMcaveM va chaThe nAma me viparyaya hai| digambara prmpraa| me inakA krama isa prakAra hai . 1. sAmAyika, 2 catuvizatistava, 3. vandanA, 4. pratikramaNa, 5 pratyAkhyAna, 6 kaayotsrg| zvetAmbara paramparAbhimata paDAvazyaka-krama yo hai: 1 sAmAyika, 2.,caturvizatistava, 3. vandanA, 4. pratikramaNa, 5 kAyotsarga, 6 pratyAkhyAna / ____ jo avazya karane yogya hotA hai use Avazyaka kahate haiN| sAmAyika Adi muni kI pratidina karane yogya kriyAeM haiM ataH inhe Avazyaka kahA jAtA hai| dUsare zabdo me sAmAyikAdi SaDAvazyaka nirgrantha ke nityakarma haiN| inheM zramaNa ko pratidina donoM samaya arthAt dina va rAtri ke anta me avazya karanA hotA hai| sama ko Aya karanA arthAt trasa aura sthAvara sabhI prANiyoM para samabhAva rakhanA sAmAyika hai| jisakI AtmA saMyama, niyama va tapa me salIna hotI hai arthAt jo AtmA ko mana, vacana, va kAya kI pApapUrNa pravattiyo se haTAkara nirava vyApAra me pravRtta karatA hai use sAmAyika kI prApti hotI hai| sAmAyika me bAhya dRSTi kA tyAgakara antaSTi apanAI jAtI hai-bahirmukhI pravRtti tyAgakara, antarmukhI pravRtti svIkAra kI jAtI hai| sAmAyika samasta prAdhyAtmika,sAdhanAo kI AdhArazilA hai| jaba sAdhaka sarva sAvadha yoga se virata hotA hai, cha kAya ke jIvo ke prati saMyata hotA hai, mana-vacana-kAya ko niyantrita karatA hai, Atma

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144. jaina AcAra svarUpa me upayukta hotA hai, yatanApUrvaka AcaraNa karatA hai tava vaha sAmAyikayukta hotA hai / samabhAvarUpa sAmAyika ke mahAn sAdhaka eva upadezaka tIrthaMkaro kI stuti karanA caturviMzatistava Avazyaka hai / tIrthakara kA artha hai tIrtha kI sthApanA karane vAlA | jisake dvArA saMsAra-sAgara tarA jAtA hai-pAra kiyA jAtA hai use tIrtha kahate haiM / isa prakAra kA tIrtha dharma kahalAtA hai / jo tIrtha arthAt dharmakA pravartana karatA hai vaha tIrthaMkara kahalAtA hai / jaina paramparA me isa prakAra ke cauvIsa tIrthaMkara mAne gaye haiM / inhone bhinna-bhinna samaya me nirgrantha dharma kA pravartana kiyA hai / bhagavAn mahAvIra nirgrantha dharma ke antima pravartaka hue haiM / inhe cauvIsavA~ tIrthaMkara kahA jAtA hai / caubIsa tIrthaMkaro kA utkItana karanA caturviMzatistava hai / tyAga, vairAgya, sayama va sAdhanA ke mahAn Adarza evaM sAmAyika dharma ke parama puraskartA vItarAga tIrthakaro ke utkIrtana se AdhyAtmika bala prApta hotA hai / unakI stuti se sAdhanA kA mArga prazasta hotA hai / unake guNa-kIrtana se saMyama meM sthiratA AtI hai / unakI bhakti se prazasta bhAvo kI vRddhi hotI hai / tIrthaMkaro kI stuti karane se prasupta Antarika cetanA jAgrata hotI hai / kevala stuti se hI mukti prApta ho jAtI hai, aisA nahI mAnanA cAhie / stuti to soyI huI AtmacetanA ko jagAne kA kevala eka sAdhana hai / tIrthaMkaro kI stuti mAtra se hI mokSa kI prApti nahI ho jAtI / mukti ke lie bhakti evaM stuti ke sAtha-sAtha saMyama evaM sAdhanA bhI Avazyaka hai /

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zramaNa-dharma : 145 jisa prakAra muni ke lie tIrthaMkara-stava Avazyaka hai usI prakAra gurustava bhI Avazyaka hai / guru-stava ko Avazyaka sUtra me vaMdana kahA gayA hai| tIrthakara ke bAda yadi vadana karane yogya hai to vaha guru hai kyoki guru ahiMsA Adi kI utkRSTa ArAdhanA karane ke kAraNa ziSya ke lie sAkSAt Adarga kA kArya karatA hai| usase use pratyakSa preraNA prApta hotI hai| usake prati sammAna hone para usake guNo ke prati sammAna hotA hai| tIrthakara ke vAda saddharma kA upadeza dene vAlA guru hI hotA hai| guru jJAna va cAritra dono me vaDA hotA hai ata. vandana yogya hai| gurudeva ko vandana karane kA artha hotA hai gurudeva kA utkIrtana va abhivAdana krnaa| vANI se utkIrtana arthAt stavana kiyA jAtA hai tathA zarIra se abhivAdana arthAt praNAma / guru ko vandana isalie kiyA jAtA hai ki vaha guNo me guru arthAt bhArI hotA hai| guNahIna vyakti ko avandanIya kahA gayA hai| jo guNahIna arthAt avadya ko badana karatA hai usake karmoM kI nirjarA nahI hotI, usake sayama kA poSaNa nahIM hotaa| isa prakAra ke vandana se asayama kA anumodana, anAcAra kA samarthana, doSo kA poSaNa aura pApa-karma kA bandhana hotA hai| isa prakAra kA vandana kevala kAyakleza hai| avaMdya ko vandana karane me vandana karane vAle eva vandana karAne vAle dono kA patana hotA hai / vandana Avazyaka kA samucita pAlana karane se vinaya kI prApti hotI hai, ahabhAva kI samApti hotI hai, utkRSTa AdarzoM kA jJAna hotA hai, gurujano kA sammAna hotA hai, tIrthaMkaro kI AjJA kI anupAlanA aura zrutadharma kI ArAdhanA hotI hai|

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146 : jaina AcAra pariNAmata. Atmazakti kI vRddhi-vikAsa hotA hai tathA antatogatvA siddhi prApta hotI hai-mukti milatI hai / ataH sAdhaka ko guru-vandana ke prati udAsInatA athavA pramattatA nahI rakhanI caahie| pramAdavaza zubha yoga se cyuta hokara azubha yoga ko prApta karane ke bAda punaH zubha yoga ko prApta karanA pratikramaNa hai| mana, vacana athavA kAyA se kRta, kArita athavA anumodita pApo kI nivRtti ke lie AlocanA karanA, pazcAttApa karanA, nindA karanA, azuddhi kA tyAga kara zuddhi prApta karanA pratikramaNa hai| yaha eka prakAra kA prAyazcitta hai| hiMsA, asatya, caurya, maithuna evaM parigraharUpa jina pApakarmoM kA nirgrantha zramaNa ke lie pratiSedha kiyA gayA hai unakA pramAdavaza upArjana karane para pratikramaNa karanA caahie| sAmAyika, svAdhyAya Adi jina zubha pravRttiyo kA sarvavirata sayamI ke lie vidhAna kiyA gayA hai, unakA AcaraNa na karane para bhI pratikramaNa karanA caahie| kyoMki akartavya karma ko karanA jaise pApa hai vaise hI kartavya karma ko na karanA bhI pApa hI hai| isI prakAra mAnasika va vAcika zuddhi ke lie bhI pratikramaNa karanA Avazyaka hai| pratikramaNa bhI sAmAyika Adi kI hI taraha kevala kriyA taka sImita nahIM rahanA caahie| usase vastutaH doSa-zuddhi honI caahie| tabhI pratikramaNa karanA sArthaka kahA jaaegaa| isI bAta ko pAribhApika padAvalI me yo kaha sakate haiM ki sakSama sAdhaka ke lie bhAva-pratikramaNa hI upAdeya hai, dravya-pratikramaNa

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zramaNa-dharma : 145 nahI / upayogayukta pratikramaNa bhAva-pratikramaNa hai tathA upayogazUnya pratikramaNa dravya-pratikramaNa hai| yahI bAta sAmAyikAdi anya kriyAoM ke viSaya me bhI satya hai| eka bAra doSoMkI zuddhi karane ke bAda bAra-bAra una doSoM kA sevana karanA tathA unakI zuddhi ke lie bAra-bAra pratikramaNa karanA vastuta. pratikramaNa nahIM kahA jA sakatA / pratikramaNa kA uddezya sevita doSoM kI zuddhi karanA tathA una doSoM kI punarAvRtti na karanA hai| bAra-bAra doSoM kA sevana karanA va bAra-bAra unakA pratikramaNa karanA pratikramaNa kA parihAsa karanA hai| isase doSazuddhi hone ke bajAya doSavRddhi hI hotI hai| kAya ke utsarga arthAt zarIra ke tyAga ko kAryotsarga kahate haiM / yaha kaise ? yahA~ zarIratyAga kA artha hai zarIrasambandhI mamatA kA tyAga / zArIrika mamatva ko choDakara Atma-svarUpa me lIna hone kA nAma kAyotsaga hai| sAdhaka jaba bahirmukhavRtti kA tyAga kara antarmukhavRttiko svIkAra karatA hai taba vaha apane zarIra ke prati bhI anAsakta ho jAtA hai arthAt sva-zarIrasambandhI mamatA kA tyAga kara detA hai| isa sthiti me usa para jo kucha bhI sakaTa AtA hai, vaha samabhAvapUrvaka sahana karatA hai| dhyAna kI sAdhanA arthAt citta kI ekAgratA ke abhyAsa ke lie kAyotsarga anivArya hai| kAyotsarga me hilanA-DulanA, bolanA-calanA, uThanAvaiThanA Adi vanda hotA hai| eka sthAna para baiThakara nizcala evaM nispanda mudrA me khaDe hokara athavA ninimeSa dRSTi se AtmadhyAna me laganA hotA hai| sarvavirata zramaNa pratidina prAta. va sAyaM

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148 : jaina AcAra kAyotsarga dvArA zarIra va AtmA ke sambandha meM vicAra karatA hai ki yaha zarIra anya hai aura meM anya huuN| mai caitanya hU~-AtmA hU~ jaba ki yaha zarIra jar3a hai-bhauti hai| apane se bhinna isa zarIra para mamatva rakhanA anucita hai| isa prakAra kI udAtta bhAvanA ke abhyAsa ke kAraNa vaha kAyotsarga ke samaya athavA anya prasaga para Ane vAle sabhI prakAra ke upasargoM-kaSTo ko samyaka prakAra se sahana karatA hai / aisA karane para hI usakA kAyotsarga saphala hotA hai| kAyotsarga bhI dravya va bhAva ke bheda se do prakAra kA kahA gayA hai| zarIra kI ceSTAo kA nirodha karake eka sthAna para nizcala evaM nispanda sthiti me khaDe rahanA athavA baiThanA dravya-kAyotsarga hai| dhyAna arthAt Atmacintana bhAva-kAyotsarga hai / kAyotsarga me dhyAna kA ho vizeSa mahattva hai / zArIrika sthiratA dhyAna kI nirvighna sAdhanA ke lie Avazyaka hai| kAyaceSTA-nirodharUpa dravya-kAyotsarga Atma-cintanarUpa bhAvakAyotsarga kI bhUmikA kA kArya karatA hai| ata. kAyotsarga kI samyak siddhi ke lie dravya va bhAva donoM rUpa Avazyaka hai| pratyAkhyAna kA artha hai tyaag| vaise to sarvavirata muni ke hiMsAdi dopo se yukta sarva padArthoM kA tyAga hotA hI hai kintu nirdoSa padArthoM me se bhI amuka kA tyAga kara amuka kA sevana karanA anAsakta bhAva ke siMcana ke lie Avazyaka hai| pratyAkhyAna Avazyaka isI uddezya kI pUrti karatA hai / isake dvArA muni amuka samaya taka ke lie athavA jIvanabhara ke lie amuka prakAra ke athavA saba prakAra ke padArthoM ke sevana kA tyAga karatA hai|

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zramaNa-dharma : 149 manovikAro kA niyantraNa isase tRSNA, lobha, azAnti Adi hotA hai / tana, mana va vacana azubha pravRttiyo se rukakara zubha pravRttiyoM meM pravRtta hote haiM / bhagavatI ( vyAkhyAprajJapti ) sUtra ke sAtave zataka ke dUsare uddezaka me pratyAkhyAna ke vividha bhedo kA varNana | iname anAgata Adi dasa bheda pratyAkhyAna kA svarUpa samajhane ke lie vizeSa upayogI haiN| ina dasa prakAra ke pratyAkhyAno ke nAma ye haiM : 1 anAgata, 2 atikrAta, 3 koTiyukta, 4 niyantrita, 5 sAgAra, 6. anAgAra, 7. kRtaparimANa, 8. niravazeSa, 9 sAketika, 10. kAlika, / parva Adi viziSTa avasara para kiyA jAne vAlA pratyAkhyAna arthAt tyAgavizeSatapavizeSa kAraNavazAt parva Adi se pahale hI kara lenA anAgata pratyAkhyAna hai / parva Adi ke vyatIta ho jAne para tapavizeSa kI ArAdhanA karanA atikrAMta pratyAkhyAna hai / eka tapa ke samApta hote hI dUsarA tapa prArambha kara denA koTiyukta pratyAkhyAna hai / roga Adi kI bAdhA Ane para bhI pUrvasaMkalpita tyAga nizcita samaya para karanA eva use dRDhatApUrvaka pUrNa karanA niyantrita pratyAkhyAna hai / tyAga karate samaya AgAra arthAt apavAdavizeSa kI chUTa rakha lenA sAgAra pratyAkhyAna hai / AgAra rakhe vinA tyAga karanA anAgAra pratyAkhyAna hai / bhojya padArtha Adi ko saMkhyA athavA mAtrA kA nirdhAraNa karanA kRtaparimANa pratyAkhyAna hai / azanAdi caturvidha arthAt sampUrNa AhAra kA tyAga karanA niravazeSa pratyAkhyAna hai / isame pAnI kA tyAga bhI zAmila hai / kisI prakAra ke saketa ke sAtha kiyA jAnevAlA tyAga

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150 : jaina AcAra sAketika pratyAkhyAna kahalAtA hai, yathA muTThI bAMdhakara, gATha bAdhakara athavA anya prakAra se yaha pratyAkhyAna karanA ki jaba taka merI yaha muTThI yA gATha baMdhI huI hai athavA amuka vastu amuka prakAra se par3I huI hai taba taka maiM caturvidha AhAra, trividha AhAra Adi kA tyAga karatA huuN| kAlavizeSa kI nizcita maryAdA arthAt samaya kI nizcita avadhi ke sAtha kiyA jAne vAlA tyAga kAlika pratyAkhyAna athavA addhA-pratyAkhyAna kahalAtA hai| jaina paribhASA me addhA kA artha kAla hotA hai| uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke samyaktva-parAkrama nAmaka unatIsave adhyayana me SaDAvazyaka kA saMkSipta phala isa prakAra batalAyA gayA hai : sAmAyika se sAvadha yoga (pApakarma) se nivRtti hotI hai| caturvizatistava se darzana-vizuddhi (zraddhA-zuddhi ) hotI hai| vaMdana se nIca gotrakama kA kSaya hotA hai, ucca gotrakarma kA badha hotA hai, saubhAgya kI prApti hotI hai, apratihata AjJAphala milatA hai tathA dAkSiNyabhAva ( kuzalatA ) kI upalabdhi hotI hai| pratikramaNa se vrato ke doSarUpa chidro kA nirodha hotA hai| pariNAmataH Asrava ( karmAgamana-dvAra ) baMda hotA hai tathA zuddha cAritra kA pAlana hotA hai| kAyotsarga se prAyazcitta-vizuddhi hotI hai-aticAroM kI zuddhi hotI hai jisase AtmA prazasta dharmadhyAna me ramaNa karatA huA paramasukha kA anubhava karatA hai| pratyAkhyAna se Asrava-dvAra vanda hote haiM tathA icchA kA nirodha

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zramaNa-dharma : 151 hotA hai / icchA kA nirodha hone ke kAraNa sAdhaka vitRSNa arthAt nispRha hotA huA zAntacitta hokara vicaratA hai / sarvavirata zramaNa ke lie jinakA pAlana Avazyaka batAyA gayA hai una paDAvazyako kA AcaraNa dezavirata zrAvaka bhI apanI maryAdAnusAra karatA hai / isase usake vratoM me dRDhatA AtI hai tathA doSazuddhi hotI hai | zrAvaka ke lie pratikramaNa Adi ke alaga pATho kI vyavasthA bhI jaina AcArazAstra me kI gaI hai / Adarza zramaNa : yadi zramaNa jIvana kA Adarza evaM hRdaya sparzI citra dekhanA ho to AcArAMga sUtra ke prathama zrutaskandha kA navama adhyayana paDhanA cAhie / isa adhyayana kA nAma upadhAnazruta hai / upadhAna zabda kI vyAkhyA karate hue niyuktikAra ne batAyA hai ki takiyA dravyaupadhAna hai jisase zayana karane me suvidhA milatI hai; tathA tapasyA bhAva - upadhAna hai jisase cAritrapAlana me sahAyatA milatI hai / jisa prakAra jala se malina vastra zuddha hotA hai usI prakAra tapasyA se AtmA ke karmamala kA nAza hotA hai / prastuta adhyayana me zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra kI sAdhanAkAlIna tapasyA kA hRdaya sparzI varNana | mahAvIra eka Adarza zramaNa the / unhoMne apane zramaNa - jIvana me jisa prakAra kI kaThora tapasyA kA sevana kiyA usa prakAra kI kaThora tapasyA pratyeka jaina zramaNa ke lie AcaraNIya hai / vahI zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra kA saccA anuyAyI hai jo upadhAnazrutanirdiSTa tapomaya jIvana jone kA sakriya prayatna karatA hai / usakI

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152 : jaina AcAra sAdhanA tadAdhArita honI cAhie, usake samakSa sadA mahAvIra kA tapa.karma Adarza ke rUpa me rahanA caahie| vizuddha tapomaya jIvana hI zramaNadharma kA Adarza hai| yahI zrAmaNya hai-zramaNa-jIvana kA sAra hai| upadhAnazruta adhyayana cAra uddezo me vibhakta hai| prathama uddeza me mahAvIra kI caryA arthAt vihAra kA varNana hai| dvitIya me zayayA arthAt vasati, tRtIya me parISaha arthAt kaSTa tathA caturtha me Ataka-cikitsA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| isa saMpUrNa varNana me tapasyA kA sAmAnya rUpa se samAveza kiyA gayA hai| yaha varNana itanA sahaja, samIcIna eva sarala hai ki pAThaka athavA zrotA kA sira usa mahAna tapomUrti ke sAmane svata bhaddhAvanata ho jAtA hai| jaba se mahAvIra gRhatyAga karake anagAra banate haiM tabhI se unakA vihAra prArabha hotA hai| AcArAga ke dvitIya zrutaskandha kI bhAvanA nAmaka tRtIya cUlA me yaha batAyA gayA hai ki mahAvIra tIsa varpa taka ghara me rahane ke bAda apane mAtA-pitA kI mRtyu hone para saba kucha tyAga kara anagAra bane arthAt sarvavirata zramaNa hue| java unhone dIkSA grahaNa kI taba unake pAsa kevala eka vastra thA / dIkSA ke samaya unhone sAmAyika cAritra grahaNa kiyA arthAt sarva sAvadha yoga kA pratyAkhyAna kiyA-saba prakAra kI sadoSa pravRttiyo kA tyAga kiyA evaM saba prakAra ke upasarga sahana karane kI pratijJA kii| unhone isa prakAra kA jIvana jInA prArabha kiyA ki jisame kaSAyajanya hiMsAdi dopoM kI tanika bhI saMbhAvanA na rhe|

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zramaNa-dharma : 153 upadhAnazruta ke prathama uddeza kI pahalI hI gAthA me batalAyA gayA hai ki mahAvIra pravrajyA grahaNa kara turanta hI vihAra (padayAtrA) ke lie cala pdde| Age kI gAthAo me kahA gayA hai ki usa samaya unhone pratijJA kI ki mere pAsa jo yaha eka vastra hai isase maiM apane zarIra kA AcchAdana nahIM kruuNgaa| itanA hI nahI, kucha samaya bAda ( teraha mahIne vAda) unhone usa vastra kA bhI tyAga kara diyA eva sarvathA acela hokara bhramaNa karane lage / taba phira dIkSA ke samaya mahAvIra ne apane pAsa jo vastra (eka zATaka) rakhA vaha kisalie? vaha vastra saMbhavata pravrajyA kI taddezIya praNAlI ke anusAra ve apane kadhe para rakhe rahe athavA usase pochane Adi kA kAma lete rhe| cAhe kucha bhI huA ho, itanA nizcita hai ki mahAvIra pravrajyA lene ke sAtha hI acela arthAt nagna ho gae tathA mRtyuparyanta nagna hI rahe evaM kisI bhI rUpa meM apane zarIra ke lie vastra kA upayoga nahIM kiyaa| dIkSA ke pUrva zarIra para caMdanAdi kA vilepana kiyA gayA thA, ataH mahAvIra para cAra mAsa se bhI adhika samaya taka sthAnasthAna para nAnA prakAra ke jIva-jantuo kA AkramaNa hotA rahA evaM unake zarIra ko vividha prakAra se kaSTa pahuMcatA rhaa| ve calata samaya puruSa-pramANa mArga kA avalokana karate eva sAvadhAnI pUrvaka calate / unhe dekhakara bhayabhIta hue vAlaka unheM mAra-mAra kara Akrandana karate / mArga me abhivAdana hone para athavA mAra par3ane para ve samAna bhAva se rahate va kisI se kucha nahI kahate / unheM pAkhyAna, nRtya, gIta, daNDayuddha, muSTiyuddha Adi me koI

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154 : jaina AcAra rasa nahI thA / ve asahya kaSToM ko bhI zAnti se sahana karate hue Age baDhate calate / unhoMne dIkSA lene ke do varSa se bhI pahale se hI zItala (sacitta) jala kA tyAga kara rakhA thaa| unhoMne yaha jAna liyA thA ki pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu, vanaspati aura trasakAya sacitta haiM-cetana haiM, ataH ve ina saba se bacakara vicaraNa krte| vihAra meM kisI sacitta kAya kI hiMsA na ho, isakA ve pUrA dhyAna rakhate / unhone svayaM hiMsA na karane tathA dUsaro se hiMsA na karavAne kA vrata grahaNa kara rakhA thaa| striyoM ko (puruSoM kI apekSA se ) sarva pApakarma kI jar3a samajha kara unakA usa saMyamI ne sarvathA parityAga kara rakhA thA / ve AdhAkarma arthAt apane nimitta se bane hue AhArAdi kA sevana na karate / jisame tanika bhI pApa kI saMbhAvanA hotI vaisA koI bhI kArya na karate hue nirdoSa AhArAdi kA sevana krte| ve na paravastra kA ( poMchane Adi me) upayoga karate, na parapAtra ( bhojanAdi ke lie) kAma me laate| mAnApamAna kA tyAga kara adIna-manaska hokara bhikSA ke lie jAte evaM azana aura 'pAna kI mAtrA kA pUrA dhyAna rakhate hue rasoM me gRddha na hokara jo kucha mila jAtA, khA lete / ve na A~kho kA pramArjana karate; na zarIra ko khujlaate| rAste calate idhara-udhara bahuta kama dekhte| pUchane para alpa uttara dete va yatanApUrvaka calate / zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra vitaraNa karate hue gRha, paNyazAlA (dukAna), pAlitasthAna ( kArakhAnA), palAlapuMja, AgantAra ( atithigRha), ArAmAgAra, zmazAna, zUnyAgAra, vRkSamUla Adi

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zramaNa-dharma : 155 sthAnoM me Thaharate evaM apramatta hokara rAta-dina dhyAna karate / nidrA kI tanika bhI kAmanA nahI karate / anicchA se thor3I nIda A __ jAne para khaDe hokara AtmA ko jAgarUka karate / puna. nidrA Ane para bAhara nikala kara muhUrta-paryanta cakramaNa kara lete| unheM vasati-sthAno me sasapiMprANiyo, pakSiyo, durAcAriyo, grAmarakSako,zastradhAriyoM dvArA aneka prakAra ke kaSTa prApta hote / ihaloka va paraloka-saMbaMdhI nAnA prakAra ke bhaya tathA anukUla va pratikUla indriya-viSaya upasthita honepara ve rati va arati kA abhibhava karake madhyastha hokara saba kucha saha lete| dhyAnastha mahAvIra ko koI Akara kucha pUchatA aura uttara na milane para kruddha ho jaataa| kabhI-kabhI bhagavAn 'maiM bhikSuka hU~' esA uttara bhI de dete, kintu prAyaH mauna hokara dhyAnamagna hI rahate / zizira Rtu me java anya loga zItala vAyu se kApate, yahA~ taka ki anagAra arthAt sAdhu bhI nirvAta sthAna kI khoja me rahate, saMghATI se apanA zarIra Dhakate, koI-koI to iMdhana bhI jalA lete taba bhI bhagavAn mahAvIra khule sthAna me hI rahakara zIta sahana krte| mahAvIra ko sarvatra parISaha sahana karane pdd'e| unheM vizeSa rUpa se lADha deza me jo kaSTa uThAne paDe ve bhayakara the| unhone lADha deza ke vajrabhUmi aura zubhrabhUmi nAmaka donoM duzcara pradezo me vicaraga kiyaa| yahA~ una para aneka asahya ApattiyAM aaii| yahAM ke nivAsiyoM ne unhe burI taraha se mArA-pITA / yahA~ ke kuttoM ne unheM khUba kATA / logoM ne kutto ko bhagAne kI bajAya 'chU chU' karake mahAvIra kI ora dauddaayaa| yahA~ kI vajrabhUmi aisI thI

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156 : jaina AcAra ki lAThI lekara calane vAle zramaNo ko bhI kutte kATa khAte the / mahAvIra ne to lAThI kA bhI tyAga kara rakhA thA, ataH kuttoM ne unhe atyadhika parezAna kiyA / kaI bAra unhe bahuta dUra taka gA~va milatA hI nahI phira bhI ve vihAra karate hue vyAkula na hote / kaI bAra gA~va ke loga pahale hI unake pAsa Akara unheM vahA~ se bhAga jAne ke lie kahate / kaI bAra aisA bhI hotA ki gA~va ke loga unheM 'mAro-mAro' kI AvAja karake lAThiyo, bhAloM, pattharo, mukkoM se mArate, unake zarIra para ghAva kara dete, una para dhUli phekate, unhe dhakke lagAkara girA dete / parISahoM kA hRdaya se svAgata karane vAle mahAn sayamI zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra apanI kAyA kA moha chor3akara ina saba upadravo ko vIratApUrvaka sahana karate eva saMyamamArga me adhika dRDhatApUrvaka agrasara hote / yahI mahAvIra kI zUratA thI / ve kevala Ane vAle upasargoM kA svAgata hI nahI karate apitu karmanirjarA ke nimitta naye-naye upasargoM ko Amantrita bhI karate / yahI unakI mahAvIratA thI / 3 I rahate / rogAntaka ho yA na ho, mahAvIra ne cikitsA kI kAmanA kabhI nahI kI / ve hamezA avamaudarya arthAt alpAhAra karate / snAna, sazuddhi, abhyaMgana, prakSAlana Adi se sadA dUra indriyo ke viSayo ke prati unakI tanika bhI Asakti na thI / ve ThaMDa ke dino me chAyA me va garamI ke dino me dhUpa me rahakara dhyAna dharate / odana, kulmApa Adi rUkSa padArthoM kA AhAra 1 karate / kaI bAra AdhA mahInA athavA pUrA mahInA binA pAnI ke hI bitA dete / kabhI-kabhI do mAsa se bhI adhika, yahA~ taka

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zramaNa-dharma : 157 1 ki chaH mAsa taka binA pAnI hI vicaraNa karate rahate / kabhI vAsI anna mila jAtA to khA lete aura vaha bhI do dina, tIna dina, cAra dina, pA~ca dina me eka bAra / ve apane AhAra ke lie na svayaM pApa karate, na dUsaro se karavAte aura na karane vAle kA anumodana hI karate / dUsaro ke nimitta se bane hue suvizuddha AhAra kA anAsakta bhAva se sevana karate / gocarI arthAt AhAra kI gaveSaNA ke lie jAte-Ate mArga me kinhI pazu-pakSiyo ko kisI prakAra kaSTa na ho, isakA pUrA dhyAna rakhate / apane AhAra ke kAraNa kisI brAhmaNa, zramaNa, bhikhArI, atithi Adi kI vRtti kA uccheda na ho, kisI kI prIti na ho, kisI ko antarAya na pahu~ce -- isakI pUrI sAvadhAnI rakhate / rUkhA-sUkhA jo kucha mila jAtA, anAsaktipUrvaka khA lete| kucha prApta na hone kI avasthA me bhI mana me tanika bhI krodha athavA nirAzA na lAte / ve niSkaSAya, anAsakta eva mUrcchArahita the tathA chadmastha arthAt apUrNa jJAnI hote hue bhI pramAda-mukta the / ve svata. tattva kA abhigama kara AtmazuddhipUrvaka abhinivRtta hue evaM yAvajjIvana moha, mAyA va mamatA kA tyAga kara samabhAva ke ArAdhaka bane / acelakatva va sacelakatva : vaTTakerAcAryakRta mUlAcAra ke samayasArAdhikAra me muni ke lie cAra prakAra kA liMgakalpa ( AcAracihna ) batAyA gayA * hai 1. acelakatva, 2. loca, 3 vyutsRSTazarIratA, 4 prati lekhana / acelakatva kA artha hai vastrAdi sarva parigraha kA parihAra /

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158 : jaina AcAra loca kA artha hai apane athavA dUsare ke hAthoM se mastakAdi ke kezoM kA apanayana / vyutsRSTazarIratA kA artha hai snAna-abhyaMganaaMjana-parimardana Adi sarva saskAroM kA abhAva / pratilekhana kA artha hai mayUrapiccha kA grahaNa / acelakatva niHsaMgatA arthAt anAsakti kA cihna hai| loca sadbhAvanA kA saketa hai| vyutsRSTazarIratA aparAgatA kA pratIka hai| pratilekhana dayApratipAlana kA cihna hai / yaha cAra prakAra kA ligakalpa cAritropakAraka hone ke kAraNa AcaraNIya hai| bRhatkalpa ke chaThe uddeza ke anta me chaH prakAra kI kalpasthiti (AcAramaryAdA) batalAI gaI hai : 1. sAmAyikasaMyatakalpasthiti, 2. chedopasthApanIyasaMyata-kalpasthiti, 3. nirvizamAna-kalpasthiti, 4. niviSTakAyika-kalpasthiti, 5. jina-kalpasthiti, 6. sthavira-kalpasthiti / sarvasAvadyayogaviratirUpa sAmAyika svIkAra karane vAlA sAmAyikasaMyata kahalAtA hai| pUrva paryAya arthAta pahale kI sAdhu-avasthA kA cheda arthAt nAza ( athavA kamI) karake sayama kI puna. sthApanA karane yogya zramaNa chedopasthApanIyasayata kahalAtA hai / isa kalpasthiti me munijIvana kA adhyAya puna prArabha hotA hai (athavA puna. Age baDhatA hai)| parihAravizuddhi-kalpa (tapavizeSa ) kA sevana karane vAlA zramaNa nirvizamAna kahA jAtA hai| jisane parihAravizuddhika tapa kA sevana kara liyA ho use niviSTakAyika kahate hai| gaccha se nirgata arthAt zramaNasaMgha kA tyAga kara ekAkI sayama kI sAdhanA karane vAle sAdhuvizeSa jina arthAt jinakalpika kahalAte

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zramaNa-dharma : 159 haiM / gacchapratibaddha arthAt zramaNasaMgha me rahakara saMyama kI ArAdhanA karane vAle AcArya Adi sthavira arthAt sthavirakalpika kahe jAte haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki jinakalpiko va sthavirakalpiko kI 'AcAramaryAdA me antara hai / jinakalpika acelakadharma kA AcaraNa karate haiM jabaki sthavirakalpika sacelakadharma kA pAlana karate haiN| AcArAMga ke prathama zrutaskandha ke dhuta nAmaka chaThe adhyayana me spaSTa batalAyA gayA hai ki kucha anagAra aise bhI hote haiM jo sayama grahaNa karane ke bAda ekAgracitta hokara saba prakAra kI Asakti kA tyAga kara ekatva-bhAvanA kA avalambana lekara muNDa hokara acela bana jAte haiM arthAt vastra kA bhI tyAga kara dete haiM tathA AhAra me bhI kramazaH kamI karate hue sarva kaSToM ko sahana kara apane karmoM kA kSaya karate hai| aise muniyo ko vastra phaTane kI, naye lAne kI, sUI-dhAgA juTAne kI, vastra sIne kI koI cintA nahI rahatI / ve apane ko laghu arthAt halakA (bhAramukta) tathA sahaja tapa kA bhAgI mAnate hue saba prakAra ke kaSToM ko samabhAvapUrvaka sahana karate haiM / vimokSa nAmaka AThave adhyayana me acelaka muni ke viSaya me kahA gayA hai ki yadi usake mana me yaha vicAra Ae ki maiM nagnatAjanya zItAdi kaSTo ko to sahana kara sakatA hai kintu lajjAnivAraNa karanA mere lie zakya nahI, to use kaTivandhana dhAraNa kara lenA cAhie / acelaka arthAt nagna muni ko sacelaka arthAt vastradhArI muni ke prati hInabhAva nahI rakhanA caahie| isI prakAra sacelaka muni ko acelaka muni ke prati

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160 : jaina AcAra tucchatA kI bhAvanA nahI rakhanI caahie| acelaka va sacelaka muniyo ko eka-dUsare kI nindA nahI karanI cAhie / nindaka muni ko nirgranthadharma kA anadhikArI kahA gayA hai| vaha saMyama kA samyaktayA pAlana nahI kara sakatA-AtmasAdhanA kI nirdoSa ArAdhanA nahI kara sktaa| acelaka va sacelaka muniyoM ko apanI-apanI AcAra-maryAdA me rahakara nirgrantha-dharma kA pAlana karanA caahie| vastramaryAdA: AcArAga me ekavastradhArI, dvivastradhArI evaM trivastradhArI nigraMtho tathA caturvastradhArI nigraMthiyo kA ullekha hai / jo bhikSu tIna vastra rakhane vAlA hai use cauthe vastra kI kAmanA athavA yAcanA nahI karanI caahie| jo vastra use kalpya haiM unhI kI kAmanA evaM yAcanA karanI cAhie, akalpya kI nahI / kalpya vastra jaise bhI mile, binA kisI prakAra kA saskAra kiye dhAraNa kara lene caahie| unhe dhonA athavA raganA nahIM cAhie / yahI vAta do vastradhArI eva eka vastradhArI bhikSu ke viSaya me bhI samajhanI cAhie / taruNa bhikSu ke lie eka vastra dhAraNa karane kA vidhAna hai / bhikSuNI ke lie cAra vastra--saMghATiyA~ rakhane kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai jinakA nApa isa prakAra hai . eka do hAtha kI, do tIna-tIna hAtha kI aura eka cAra hAtha kI (lmbii)| do hAtha kI saMghATI upAzraya me pahanane ke lie, tIna-tIna hAtha kI do saghATiyo me se eka bhikSAcaryA ke samaya dhAraNa karane ke

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zramaNa-dharma * 161 lie tathA dUsarI zauca jAne ke samaya pahanane ke lie va cAra hAtha kI saghATI samavasaraNa ( dharmasabhA) me sArA zarIra Dhakane ke lie hai, aisA TIkAkAroM kA vyAkhyAna hai| yahA~ bhikSuNiyo ke lie jina cAra vastro ke dhAraNa kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai unakA 'saMghATI' (sADI athavA cAdara) zabda se nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| TIkAkAroM ne bhI inakA upayoga zarIra para lapeTane arthAt oDhane ke rUpa me hI batAyA hai| isase pratIta hotA hai ki ina cAroM vastro kA upayoga vibhinna avasaroM para oDhane ke rUpa me karanA abhISTa hai, pahanane ke rUpa me nahI / ata inhe sAdhviyoM ke uttarIya vastra arthAt sAr3I athavA cAdara ke rUpa me samajhanA cAhie, antarIya vastra arthAt lahagA yA dhotI ke rUpa me nhiiN| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki do hAtha aura yahA~ taka ki cAra hAtha lambA vastra Upara se nIce taka pUre zarIra para dhAraNa bhI kaise kiyA jA sakatA hai| ataeva bhikSuNiyoM ke lie Upara jina cAra vastro ke grahaNa eva dhAraNa kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai uname antarIya vastra kA samAveza nahI hotA, aisA samajhanA caahie| bhikSuo ke viSaya me aisA kucha nahI hai| ve eka vastra kA upayoga antarIya ke rUpa me kara sakate haiM, do kA antarIya va uttarIya ke rUpa meM kara sakate haiM, Adi / yahA~ taka ki ve acela arthAt nirvastra bhI raha sakate haiN| strI-jAtigata sahaja maryAdAo ke kAraNa sAdhviyo ke lie vaisA karanA zakya nahI / unheM apane sayama kI rakSA ke lie amuka sAdhano kA upayoga karanA hI par3atA hai| vRhatkalpa sUtra ke tRtIya uddeza meM yaha batalAyA gayA hai ki

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162 : jaina AcAra nirgranthani-granthiyoM ko kRtsna vastra kA saMgraha evaM upayoga nahI karanA cAhie | isI prakAra unheM abhinna vastra kAma me nahI lenA caahie| yahA~ kRtsna vastra kA artha hai raMga Adi se jisakA AkAra AkarSaka banAyA gayA ho vaisA sundara vastra | abhinna vastra kA artha hai vinA phAr3A pUrA vastra / isa sUtra me AcArAMgollikhita vastra - maryAdA kA naye hI rUpa me nirdeza kiyA gayA hai / isame batAyA gayA hai ki nayI dIkSA lene vAle sAdhu ko rajoharaNa, gocchaka, pratigraha arthAt pAtra evaM tIna pUre vastra ( jinake zrAvazyaka upakaraNa bana sake ) lekara pravrajita honA cAhie / pUrva pravrajita sAdhuko kisI kAraNa se punaH dIkSA grahaNa karane kA prasaMga upasthita hone para nayI sAmagrI na lete hue apanI purAnI sAmagrI ke sAtha hI dIkSita honA cAhie / navadIkSita sAdhvI ke lie cAra pUre vastro ke grahaNa kA vidhAna hai| zeSa bAte sAdhu ke hI samAna samajhanI cAhie | sAdhu ke lie avagrahAnantaka arthAt guhyadezapi - dhAnakarUpa kacchA evaM avagrahapaTTaka arthAt guhyadezAcchAdakarUpa paTTA rakhanA varjya hai / sAdhvI ko inakA upayoga karanA cAhie / bRhatkalpa ke dvitIya uddeza me kahA gayA hai ki nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko pAMca prakAra ke vastro kA upayoga karanA kalpya hai. jAgika, bhAMgika, sAnaka, potaka aura tirITapaTTaka / jagama arthAt sa prANI ke avayavo ( bAlo ) se niSpanna vastra jAgika kahA jAtA hai / alasI kA vastra bhAgika, sana kA vastra sAnaka, kapAsa kA vastra potaka tathA tirITa nAmaka vRkSa kI chAla kA vastra tirITapaTTaka kahalAtA hai / rajoharaNa ke

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zramaNa-dharma : 163 lie nimnokta pAMca prakAra ke dhAge kalpya haiM : auNika, auSTrika, sAnaka, vaccakacippaka aura mujacippaka / auNika arthAt Una ke, auSTrika arthAt UMTa ke vAlo ke, sAnaka arthAt sana kI chAla ke, vaccakacippaka arthAt tRNavizepa kI kuTTI ke aura muMjacippaka arthAt mUja kI kuTTI ke / ___zramaNa-zramaNI kitane eva kisa prakAra ke vastro kA upayoga kara sakate haiM, isakA vicAra karane ke bAda yaha socanA Avazyaka hai ki unhe vastra kisa prakAra prApta karane cAhie ? vastra kI gaveSaNA: AcArAga ke dvitIya zrutaskandha kI prathama cUlA ke pAcave adhyayana meM yaha batAyA hai ki vastra kI gavepaNA ke lie ardha yojana se adhika nahI jAnA caahie| vastra kI gavepaNA karate samaya AhAra kI gaveSaNA ke samAna pUrI sAvadhAnI rakhanI caahie| apane nimitta kharIdA gayA, dhoyA gayA Adi doSo se yukta vastra grahaNa nahI karanA caahie| bahumUlya vastra kI na yAcanA karanI cAhie, na prApta hone para grahaNa hI karanA cAhie / hiMsAdi dopoM se dUSita vastra kI tanika bhI cAha nahI karanI cAhie / nirdopa eva sAde vastra kI kAmanA, yAcanA eva grahaNatA zramaNa-zramaNiyo ke lie kalpya hai| vastra ko dhonA tathA raMganA nipiddha hai / bhikSu anya bhikSu ko diyA huA vastra vApisa nahI lete / ata. anya ke vastra ko apanA banA lene kI bhAvanA se kisI zramaNa-zramaNI ko anya zramaNa-zramaNI se vastra nahI mAganA caahie| vihAra karate

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164 : jaina AcAra samaya vastro kI corI ke bhaya se Ar3A TeDhA mArga na lete hue nirbhaya va nirmama hokara vicaraNa karanA cAhie / sArAza yaha hai ki sarvavirata zramaNa zramaNI ko vastra para na kisI prakAra kA mamatva rakhanA cAhie, na vastranimittaka kisI prakAra kI hiMsA karanI karavAnI cAhie aura na isa prakAra kI hiMsA kA kisI rUpa me samarthana hI karanA caahie| vastra kI gavepaNA karate samaya tathA vastra kA upayoga karate hue ina saba vAto kA pUrA dhyAna rakhanA cAhie | - pAtra kI gaveSaNA va upayoga : AcArAMga ke dvitIya zrutaskandha kI prathama cUlA ke chaThe adhyayana me vatalAyA gayA hai ki nirgrantha-nirgranthiyo ko alAbu, kASTha va miTTI ke pAtra rakhanA kalpya hai tathA dhAtu ke pAtra rakhanA akalpya hai| unheM bahumUlya vastra kI taraha vahumUlya pAtra bhI nahI rakhane cAhie / taruNa sAdhu ke lie kevala eka pAtra rakhane kA vidhAna hai / pAtra kI gavepaNA va upayoga isa DhaMga se vihita hai ki usame kisI prakAra kI hiMsA na ho / bRhatkalpasUtra ke prathama uddeza me nirgranthiyo ke lie ghaTImAtraka arthAt ghar3A rakhane eva usakA upayoga karane kA vidhAna hai jaba ki nirgrantho ke lie vaisA karane kA nipedha hai / vyavahAra sUtra ke AThave uddeza me vRddha sAdhu ke lie jo upakaraNa kalpya vatAye gaye haiM uname bhADa arthAt ghar3A tathA mAtrikA arthAt pezAva kA varatana bhI samAviSTa hai / vastra kI gaveSaNA kI taraha pAtra kI gaveSaNA ke lie bhI ardha

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zramaNa-dharma : 165 yojana se adhika dUra nahIM jAnA cAhie / apane nimitta kharIdA gayA pAtra grahaNa nahI karanA caahie| varNayukta pAtra ko vivarNa nahIM karanA cAhie aura na vivarNa pAtra ko varNayukta hI karanA cAhie / isI prakAra surabhigandha pAtra ko durabhigandha evaM durabhigandha pAtra ko surrAbhagandha nahI banAnA caahie| AhAra : Avazyaka sUtra me muni ke grahaNa karane yogya caudaha prakAra ke padArthoM kA ullekha hai . 1 azana, 2. pAna, 3. khAdima, 4. svAdima, 5 vastra, 6 pAtra, 7 kambala, 8 pAdaprochana, 6. pITha, 10 phalaka, 11. zayyA, 12 sastAraka, 13. aupadha 14 bheSaja / roTI, cAvala Adi sAmAnya khAdya padArtha azana kahalAte haiM / jala, dUdha Adi peya padArtha pAna ke nAma se prasiddha haiM / miSThAnna, mevA Adi susvAdu padArtha khAdima kahe jAte haiN| lauMga, supArI Adi suvAsita padArthoM kA samAveza svAdima me hotA hai / vastra kA artha hai pahanane yogya kpdd'e| pAtra kA artha hai lakar3I, miTTI eva tumbe ke baratana / Una Adi kA banA huA cAdara kambala kahalAtA hai| rajoharaNa ko pAdapoMchana kahate haiN| vaiThane yogya caukI ko pITha kahate hai| sone yogya paTTa ko phalaka kahate haiM / Thaharane kA makAna Adi zayyA kahalAtA hai| bichAne kA ghAsa Adi sastAraka kahalAtA hai| eka hI vastu se banI huI davAI auSadha tathA aneka vastuo ke mizraNa se banI huI dabAI bheSaja kahalAtI hai| ina caudaha prakAra ke padArthoM meM se

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166 : jaina AcAra prArabha ke cAra evaM anta ke do - ye chaH khAne-pIne ke kAma me Ate haiM ataH inhe AhAra ke antargata samAviSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai / ina padArthoM me tatkAlIna smRtimUlaka svAdhyAya kI paddhati ke kAraNa pustakAdi kA samAveza nahI kiyA gayA hai / ye padArtha sthavirakalpika arthAt sacelaka sAdhuo kI dRSTi se hai / jinakalpita arthAt acelaka sAdhuo kI dRSTi se vastrAdi akalpya padArthoM kI kamI kara lenI cAhie / AhAra kyoM ? uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke sAmAcArI nAmaka chabbIsave adhyayana me AhAra grahaNa karane ke cha kAraNa batalAye gaye hai. 1. vedanA arthAt kSudhA kI zAnti ke lie, 2. vaiyAvRtya arthAt AcAryAdi kI sevA ke lie, 3 IryApatha arthAt mArga me gamanAgamana kI nirdoSa pravRtti ke lie, 4 saMyama arthAt munidharma kI rakSA ke lie, 5 prANapratyaya arthAt jIvanarakSA ke lie, 6 dharmacintA arthAt svAdhyAyAdi ke lie| iname se kisI bhI kAraNa kI upasthiti me muni ko AhAra kI gavepaNA karanI cAhie / ina kAraNo me sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa, mukhya evaM kendrIya kAraNa sayama-rakSA kA arthAt munivrata kI surakSA kA hai / muni ke lie AhAra isIlie grahaNIya batAyA gayA hai ki isase usake vratapAlana me Avazyaka sahAyatA milatI hai / jaba AhAra kA yaha prayojana samApta ho jAtA hai arthAt AhAra sayama kI sAdhanA me kisI prakAra kI sahAyatA nahI kara sakatA tava muni AhAra kA

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zramaNa-dharma : 167 parityAga kara samAdhimaraNa ko prApta hotA hai| yahI bAta muni kI anya sAmagrI ke vipaya me bhI hai| muni kA AhAra-vihAra saMyama ke lie hai / muni saMyamArtha hI zarIra dhAraNa karatA hai| java usakA zarIra isa uddezya kI pUrti karane meM asamarthatA kA anubhava karane lagatA hai taba vaha AhArAdi kA parityAga kara samabhAvapUrvaka zarIra se mukti prApta karatA hai| cUMki vaha kSudhA parISaha ko sahana nahI kara sakatA arthAt bhUkha ke kaSTa kI upasthiti me vrato kI ArAdhanA nahI kara sakatA ataeva AhArAdi grahaNa karatA hai / jahA~ taka usake lie bubhukSitAvasthA me vratArAdhanA zakya hotI hai vahA~ taka vaha pAhAra grahaNa nahI krtaa| sazakta zarIra ke rahate hue AhArAdi kA tyAga kara athavA anya prakAra se mRtyu prApta karanA jaina AcArazAstra meM sarvathA niSiddha hai / isa prakAra kI mRtyu kaSAyamUlaka hone ke kAraNa mahAn karmavandha kA kAraNa banatI hai| upayukta samaya para samabhAvapUrvaka prApta kI jAne vAlI mRtyu hI jaina AcArazAstra me upAdeya mAnI gaI hai / isa prakAra kI mRtyu se ArAdhaka apane lakSya ke samIpa pahu~catA hai arthAt karmoM se chuTakArA pAtA hai / AhAra kyoM nahIM? jisa prakAra AhAra grahaNa karane ke uparyukta cha. kAraNa batAye gaye haiM usI prakAra AhAra choDane ke bhI nimnokta chaH kAraNa ginAye gaye haiM : 1. Ataka arthAt bhayakara roga utpanna hone para, 2. upasarga arthAt Akasmika saMkaTa Ane para, 3. brahma

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168 : jaina AcAra carya arthAt zIla kI rakSA ke lie, 4. prANidayA arthAt jIvoM kI rakSA ke lie, 5 tapa arthAt tapasyA ke lie, 6. salekhanA arthAt samAdhimaraNa ke lie / ina kAraNoM ke mUla meM bhI vratArAdhanA hI rahI huI hai| bhayakara roga utpanna hone para amuka prakAra ke AhAra kA tyAga Avazyaka ho jAtA hai kyoki vaisA na karane para zarIra svastha nahI ho sakatA aura zArIrika svAsthya ke abhAva me vrato kI ArAdhanA nahI ho sktii| pAkasmika sakaTa Ane para bhI prAhAratyAga Avazyaka ho jAtA hai kyoki vaisA na karane para pratikUla paristhiti ke kAraNa kabhIkabhI munivrata khatare meM par3a jAtA hai| jisa AhAra se gIlavata kA bhaMga hone kA bhaya ho vaha AhAra bhI muni ke lie tyAjya hai kyoki aise AhAra se bata-virAdhanA hotI hai| jIvavadha kA bhaya hone para bhI muni ko AhAra kA tyAga kara denA cAhie kyoki prANidayA muni kA mukhya dharma hai / tapa kI ArAdhanA ke lie bhI muni AhAra kA tyAga karatA hai kyoki vivekapUrNa tapasyA se sayama kI surakSA hotI hai / mRtyu kA samaya upasthita hone para bhI muni AhAratyAgapUrvaka mAraNAntikI salekhanA arthAt sathArA karatA hai eva samAdhiyukta arthAt samabhAvapUrvaka maraNa kA varaNa karatA hai / aisI mRtyu muni ke lie abhISTa hai / isa prakAra muni kA AhAratyAga bhI AhAragrahaNa ke hI samAna vatarakSA ke lie hI hai-sayamarakSA ke nimitta hI hai| vizuddha AhAra: bhikSu-bhikSuNI ko aisI koI vastu svIkAra karanA kalpya

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zramaNa-dharma : 169 nahI jisame usake nimitta kisI prakAra kI hiMsA huI ho athavA hone kI sabhAvanA ho / AcArAMga ke dvitIya zrutaskandha kI prathama cUlA ke piNDaiSaNA nAmaka prathama adhyayana meM AhAravipayaka vividha prakAra kI hiMsA kI sabhAvanAo kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| usame batalAyA gayA hai ki jisame prANa hone kI tanika bhI zakA athavA saMbhAvanA ho vaisA AhAra bhikSu yA bhikSuNI grahaNa na kare / kadAcit galatI se sacitta AhAra pAtra me A bhI jAya to usakA yatanApUrvaka parityAga kre| java sacitta aura acitta kA pRthakkaraNa zakya na ho taba samagna AhAra kA tyAga kara de| jisake pUrNa rUpa se acitta hone kA nizcaya ho vahI vastu grahaNa kare evaM upayoga me le / ___yadi gRhastha ne muni ke nimitta hiMsA kara ke AhAra taiyAra kiyA ho athavA kisI se chIna kara, udhAra lekara, corI karake yA anya avaidha upAya se prApta kiyA ho to use grahaNa nahI karanA caahie| kisI anya ko dAnAdi ke rUpa me dene ke lie banAyA huyA AhAra bhI grahaNa karanA niSiddha hai| utsavAdi avasaroM para jaba taka anya yAcako ko dAna denA samApta na ho jAya tava taka zramaNa-zramaNI ko bhikSA nahI lenI cAhie / jahAM sakhaDi arthAt sAmUhika bhojana-bhoja hotA ho vahA~ zramaNa-zramaNI ko AhArArtha nahI jAnA caahie| aise sthAno para bhikSArtha jAne para aneka doSa lagate hai jisase sayama kI virAdhanA hotI hai| rasoI vana rahI ho athavA koI anya kArya ho rahA ho to

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170 : jaina AcAra bhikSu bhikSuNI ko gRhapati ke ghara me praveza na karate hue ekAnta meM khaDe rahanA cAhie evaM usa kArya kI samApti hone para andara jAnA cAhie / gRhastha ke ghara kA dvAra binA anumati ke va binA yatanA ke kholanA niSiddha hai / anya bhikSArthI yadi pahale se hI gRhastha ke ghara me gaye hue ho to unake nikalane para hI andara jAnA kalpya hai / bhojana karate hue yadi koI sacitta jalAdi se hAtha sApha kara bhikSA de to nahI lenA caahie| sacitta zilApaTTa para pIsI huI athavA kUTI huI vastu tyAjya hai / isI prakAra agni para rakhA huA padArtha bhI agrAhya hai / kisI UMce sthAna para rakhI huI vastu ko bhI sadoSa samajha kara nahI lenA cAhie | kisI bhI dAtavya padArtha kA samparka yadi pRthvI kAyika apakAyika, tejaskAyika, vAyukAyika, vanaspatikAyika eva trasakAyika jIvo se ho to vaha tyAjya hai| cAvala kA ghovana Adi jaba taka acitta na ho jAya, agrAhya hai / kaccI vastu bhI sacitta hone ke kAraNa akalpya hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki koI bhI padArtha jaba taka acitta na ho jAya, nahI lenA cAhie / , jisa grAma, nagara Adi me zramaNa zramaNI ke paricita sambandhI Adi rahate ho vahA~ aparicito ke yahA~ se AhArAdi lenA cAhie / AhArAdi grahaNa karate samaya unheM isa bAta kA vizeSa dhyAna rakhanA cAhie ki dAtA ne unake nimitta kisI bhI prakAra kA upakrama na pahale kiyA ho aura na bAda me karane kI saMbhAvanA ho /

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zramaNa-dharma : 171 AhAra kA upayoga : muni ko sugandhita evaM durgandhayukta AhAra kA samabhAvapUrvaka upayoga karanA cAhie / yadi pAtra me AvazyakatA se adhika AhAra A gayA ho to sAthI sayatiyo ko pUche vinA usakA / tyAga nahI karanA caahie| unhe AvazyakatA hone para saharpa de denA caahie| yadi dUsaro kA AhAra lenA ho to unakI anumatipUrvaka hI lenA caahie| yadi AhAra sAdhAraNa ho arthAt pUre samudAya ke lie ho to usakA savibhAga apanI icchAnusAra na karate hue sAthiyo se pUcha kara unakI icchA kA sammAna karate hue karanA caahie| prApta sAmagrI ko nizchala bhAva se AcAyadi ko dikhAnA caahie| jisame khAne kI sAmagrI alpa tathA phekane kI sAmagrI adhika ho aisI vastu svIkAra nahI karanI cAhie / manA karane para bhI yadi aisI koI vastu pAtra me A hI jAya to sAra bhAga khAkara zeSa bhAga ko nirdoSa sthAna dekhakara pheka denA cAhie / zakkara mAMgane para yadi dAtA ne galatI se namaka de diyA ho to nirdoSa hone para usakA yathocita upayoga kara lenA cAhie / adhika hone para sAthiyo ko de denA cAhie / phira bhI vaca jAya to usakA acitta sthAna para parityAga kara denA cAhie / rogI ke lie AhAra yadi isa zarta para diyA gayA ho ki usake upayoga me na Ane kI sthiti me vApisa kara diyA jAya to rogI ke asvIkRta karane para usa AhAra ko tadanusAra lauTA denA caahie| isa prakAra ke AhAra ko apanI lolupatA ke kAraNa bIca me hI khAjAnA ThIka nahI /

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172 : jaina AcAra AhAra-sambandhI dopa. piNDaniyukti Adi me pAhArasambandhI 47 doSo kA ullekha hai| iname se AdhAkarma Adi 16 doSa udgama-doSa tathA dhAtrI Adi 16 doSa utpAdana-dopa kahe jAte haiN| ye 32 dopa gavepaNA se sambandhita hai| zakita Adi 10 dopa grahaNapaNAvipayaka hai / sayojanA Adi zepa 5 dopoM kA sambandha grAsaipaNA se hai| AhAra kI khoja karate samaya gRhastha ke nimitta se lagane vAle dopa udgama-doSa tathA sAdhu kI khuda kI ora se lagane vAle doSa utpAdana-dopa kahalAte haiM / AhAra lete samaya gRhastha tathA sAdhu dono ke nimitta se lagane vAle doSa grahaNaiSaNA ke dopa kahalAte haiM / AhAra khAte samaya sAdhu kI hI ora se lagane vAle doSa grAsaiSaNA ke doSa kahalAte haiN| ___gaveSaNA ke udgama-doSa-nimnokta 16 doSa AhAra kI gaveSaNA ke udgama-doSa haiM : 1. AdhAkarma-vizeSa sAdhu ke uddezya se AhAra banAnA, 2 auddezika-sAmAnya bhikSuo ke uddezya se AhAra banAnA, 3 pUtikarma-zuddha AhAra ko azuddha AhAra se mizrita karanA, 4 mizrajAta-apane lie va sAdhu ke lie milAkara AhAra banAnA, 5 sthApanA-sAdhu ke lie koI khAdya padArtha alaga rakha denA, 6. prAbhRtikA-sAdhu ke nimitta se apanA bhojana kA kAryakrama badala denA, 7. prAduSkaraNa-andhakAra dUra karane ke lie dIpaka Adi kA prayoga kara AhAra denA, 8 krIta -sAdhu ke lie AhAra kharIda kara lAnA, 9. prAmitya-sAdhu ke lie AhAra udhAra lAnA, 10. parivartita-sAdhu ke lie

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zramaNa-dharma : 173 AhAra kI adalA-badalI karanA, 11 abhihuta-sAdhu ke lie AhAra dUra se lAnA, 12 udbhinna-sAdhu ke lie vaMda baratana kA muMha toDa kara ghI Adi denA, 13. mAlApahRta-UMce sthAna para caDhakara AhAra utAra kara denA, 14. Acchedya-kisI se chIna kara AhAra denA, 15. anisRSTa-sAjhe kI vastu sAjhI kI anumati ke vinA denA, 16 adhyavapUraka-apane lie banAye jAne vAle bhojana me sAdhu ke lie thoDI mAtrA bar3hA lenaa| gaveSaNA ke utpAdana-doSa-nimnalikhita 16 doSa AhAra kI gaveSaNA ke utpAdana-doSa haiM 1 dhAtrI-dhAya kI bhAti gRhastha ke vAlako kI kisI prakAra kI sevA karake AhAra lenA, 2. dUtI-dUta ke samAna saMdeza pahuMcAkara AhAra lenA, 3 nimitta zubhAzubha phala vatAkara AhAra lenA, 4. AjIva-apanI jAti, kula Adi batalAkara AhAra lenA, 5. vanIpaka--bhikhamage kI taraha dInatA dikhA kara AhAra lenA, 6 cikitsA-auSadhi Adi kA prayoga vatAkara AhAra lenA, 7. krodha-gussA karake athavA zApAdi kA bhaya dikhAkara AhAra lenA, 8. mAna-abhimAnapUrvaka AhAra lenA, 9 mAyA--kapaTapUrvaka AhAra lenA, 10. lobha-lAlacavaza AhAra lenA, 11. pUrvapazcAtsaMstavaAhAra lene ke pahale athavA vAda me dAtA kI prazasA karanA, 12. vidyA--japa Adi se siddha hone vAlI vidyA kA prayoga karake AhAra lenA, 13 mantra-matra-tatra kA prayoga karake AhAra lenA, 14 cUrNa-cUrNa Adi ( vazIkaraNa ) kA prayoga karake AhAra lenA, 15. yoga-yogavidyA kA pradarzana karake

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174 : jaina AcAra AhAra lenA, 16 mUlakarma-garbhastambha arthAt garbha rokane Adi ke prayoga batAkara AhAra lenaa| grahaNeSaNA ke doSa-AhAra kI grahaNapaNA ke nimnokta 10 dopa haiM . 1. zakita-prAdhAkarma Adi doSoM kI zakA hone para AhAra lenA, 2. mrakSita-sacitta kA sasarga honepara AhAra lenA, 3 nikSipta-sacitta para rakhA huA AhAra lenA, 4. pihita-sacitta se DhakA huA AhAra lenA, 5 sahRta-sacitta padArtha se saMpRkta pAtra se arthAt akalpanIya vastu ko nikAlane __ ke bAda usI baratana se dene para AhAra lenA, 6. dAyaka garbhiNI Adi anadhikArI dAtA se AhAra lenA, 7. unmizrasacitta se mizrita AhAra lenA, 8. apariNata-adhUrA pakA AhAra lenA, 9. lipta-sAdhu ke nimitta se ghRta Adi se lipta hone vAle pAtra yA hAtha se AhAra lenA, 10 chardita-nIce giratA huaA yA vikharatA huA AhAra lenaa| grAsaighaNA ke doSa-nimnokta 5 doSa grAsaiSaNA ke haiM : 1 sayojanA-svAdavardhana kI dRSTi se khAdya padArthoM ko paraspara milAnA, 2 apramANa-mAtrA se adhika khAnA, 3. aMgArasvAdiSTa bhojana ko prazasA karate hue khAnA, 4 dhUma-nIrasa bhojana ko nindA karate hue khAnA, 5 akAraNa-sayamarakSA ke nimitta bhojana na karate hue balavRddhi Adi ke lie bhojana krnaa| anagAra-dharmAmRta ke pAcave adhyAya me piNDavizuddhi arthAt AhArazuddhi kA vicAra karate hue nimnokta 46 piNDadopo kA

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zramaNa-dharma : 175 pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai : 16 udgamadoSa, 16 utpAdanadopa, 10 zakitAdidoSa va 4 agArAdidoSa / ekabhakta mUlAcAra ke mUlaguNAdhikAra nAmaka prathama adhyayana me nirgrantha (acelaka) ke jina 28 mUlaguNo kA varNana kiyA gayA hai uname sthitibhojana va ekabhakta nAmaka do AhArasambandhI guNo kA bhI samAveza hai| sthitibhojana kA artha hai nirdoSa bhUmi para vinA sahAre khar3e rahakara ajalipuTa (pANipAtra-svahastapAtra) me AhAra krnaa| ekabhakta kA artha hai sUryodaya va sUryAsta ke bIca kevala eka bAra AhAra karanA / isa prakAra mUlAcAra me muni ke lie ekabhakta arthAt dina me eka bAra bhojana karane kA vidhAna hai aura vaha bhI khaDe-khaDe apane hAtho me ho khAne kaa| dazavaikAlika ke mahAcArakathA nAmaka chaThe adhyayana me zramaNa ko ekabhakta bhojana karane vAlA kahA gayA hai : egabhatta ca bhoaNaM / yadyapi TIkAkAroM ne 'egabhatta' kA artha divAbhojana ke rUpa meM kiyA hai kintu zabdaracanA, sadarbha eva zramaNAcAra ke hArda ko dekhate hue yaha artha upayukta pratIta nahI hotaa| egabhattaekabhakta kA artha vahI honA cAhie jo mUlAcAra ke lekhaka evaM TIkAkAro ne kiyA hai| dina me aneka bAra bhojana karane vAle muni kI apekSA eka bAra bhojana karane vAlA muni zramaNadharma kA vizepa nirvighnatayA evaM niSThApUrvaka pAlana kara sakatA hai| aneka bAra aAhAra karane vAle muniyo kA adhikAza upayogI samaya

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176 : jaina AcAra AhAra-pAnI kI gavepaNA meM hI vyatIta ho jAtA hai| ise samaya kA sadupayoga nahI kaha skte| vizeSa paristhiti meM vivazatAvaza vaisA karanA par3e to koI harja nhii| sAmAnyatayA dina me eka bAra bhojana karanA hI muni ke lie zreyaskara hai| uttarAdhyayana ke chabbIsave adhyayana (sAmAcArI) me bhI isI siddhAnta kA samarthana hai| jinake pAsa pAtra hote haiM ve bhojana ke lie unakA upayoga karate haiM / jo pAtra nahI rakhate arthAt pANipAtra-karapAtra hote hai ve khar3e-khaDe apane hAtho me hI AhAra karate haiN| vihAra arthAt gamanAgamana : nintha muni varSA Rtu me eka sthAna para rahate haiM tathA zepa / Rtuo me padayAtrA karate hue sthAna-sthAna para ghUmate rahate haiN| unakI yaha padayAtrA kisa prakAra nirdoSa eva saMyamAnukUla ho, isakA jaina AcAra-gratho me sUkSmatApUrvaka vicAra kiyA gayA hai| vicarane kI ahiMsaka vidhi kaisI hotI hai, isa para jaina AcArazAstra me paryApta UhApoha kiyA gayA hai| AcArAMga ke dvitIya zrutaskandha kI prathama cUlA ke tRtIya adhyayana me isa viSaya kA sundara vivecana upalabdha hai| usame yaha batalAyA gayA hai ki bhikSu yA bhikSuNI ko jaba yaha mAlUma ho jAya ki varSA Rtu kA Agamana ho gayA hai eva varSA ke kAraNa vividha prakAra ke jIvakAyo kI sRSTi ho cukI hai tathA mArgoM me akurAdi utpanna hone ke kAraNa gamanAgamana duSkara ho gayA hai taba vaha kisI nirdoSa sthAna para varSAvAsa arthAt cAtturmAsa karake Thahara jAya / jahA svAdhyAya Adi kI anukUlatA

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zramaNa-dharma : 177 na ho vahA~ na rahe / jaba cAturmAsa pUrNa ho jAya tathA mArga jIvajantaoM se sApha ho jAya tava vaha sayamapUrvaka vihAra prArambha karade / calate hue kisI prANI kI hiMsA na ho, isakA pUrA dhyAna rkhe| jIva-jantuvihIna mArga lambA ho to bhI usI kA avalamvana le| vaha aisA mArga grahaNa na kare jisase jAne para sayamarakSA me kisI prakAra kA vighna upasthita hone kI AzaMkA ho athavA Age ke nAmAdi kA patA na lge| naukAvihAra: AvazyakatA hone para nAva kA upayoga karane kI anumati pradAna karate hue kahA gayA hai ki muni ko yadi yaha mAlUma ho ki nAva usI ke nimitta calAI jArahI hai athavA usake lie usame kisI prakAra kA saskAra kiyA jArahA hai to vaha usakA upayoga na kre| yadi gRhastha apane lie nAva calA rahA ho to muni usakI anumati lekara yatanApUrvaka eka ora baiThakara usa nAva dvArA pAnI pAra kara sakatA hai| nAva me yadi koI kucha kArya karane ko kahe to vaha na kare / nAva vAle usase kisI prakAra kA sahayoga na milane para yadi kruddha hokara use pAnI me pheMka dene ko taiyAra ho jAya to vaha apane Apa hI utara jAya eva samabhAvapUrvaka taira kara bAhara nikala jAya / yadi ve use pAnI me DAla hI deM to bhI nirAkulatA-pUrvaka tairate hue pAnI pAra kara jAya / tairate samaya kisI prakAra kA Ananda na lete hue sahaja bhAva se taire| bAhara nikalane ke bAda zarIra va vastro ko apane Apa hI sUkhane de| tadanantara vihAra kre| 12

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178 : jaina AcAra padayAtrA: grAmAnugrAma vicaraNa karate muni kisI ke sAtha anAvazyaka bAte na kare-gapa na mAre kintu sAvadhAnIpUrvaka cle| paira se pAra karane yogya pAnI hone para use calakara pAra kare / pAnI me calate samaya kisI prakAra kA Ananda na lete hue sahaja gati se pAnI pAra kare / pAnI se bAhara nikala kara kIcar3ayukta gIle paira se jamIna para na cale kintu paira sUkhane para hI sApha paira se calanA prArambha kre| mArga me kisI ke dvArA pakar3e jAne para athavA parezAna kiye jAne para vyAkula na ho| rAste me Ane vAle caitya, stUpa Adi ko kutUhalapUrvaka na dekhe / calate samaya AcArya Adi gurujanoM kA avinaya na ho, isakA pUrA dhyAna rakhe / mArga me vyAghra Adi hiMsaka prANiyo ko dekhakara vyAkula na ho, unmArga grahaNa na kare aura na kahI chipane kI hI koziza kare apitu nirbhaya hokara paristhiti kA sAmanA karate hue Age baDhatA jAya / isI prakAra cora-luTeroM se bhI na ghabarAye / luTeroM se lUTa liye jAne para dayA kI bhIkha na mAMgate hue dharmopadezapUrvaka apanI vastu vApisa maaNge| na milane para kisI prakAra kA duHkha na karate hue apanA mArga grahaNa kare tathA kisI ke sAmane usake sambandha meM kisI prakAra kI zikAyata na kare / sava kaSTo ko samabhAvapUrvaka sahana karanA hI saccA saMyama hai-sayamI kA mArga hai-munidharma hai| vasati arthAt upAzraya : jaina AcAra-grathoM me vasati ke lie zayyA zabda kA prayoga

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zramaNa-dharma : 179 kiyA gayA hai / AcArAMga ke dvitIya zrutaskandha kI prathama culA ke dvitIya adhyayana kA nAma zayyaipaNA hai jisame saMyata ke nivAsayogya sthAna arthAt vasati kI gaveSaNA kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai / niyuktikAra evaM cUrNikAra ne zayyaiSaNA adhyayana kA vyAkhyAna karate hue zayyA zabda kA artha vasati kiyA hai / vaise zayyA kA artha vichaunA hotA hai / jahA~ vichaunA vichAyA jAsake aise upAzraya Adi vasatisthAna bhI zayyA ke sambandha ke kAraNa zayyA kahe jAte haiM / vasati sthAna ke gaveSaNa evaM upayoga ke viSaya me sAmAnya niyama yahI hai ki jisa sthAna ke lie tyAgI ke nimitta se kisI prakAra kI hiMsA huI ho, hotI ho athavA hone vAlI ho vaha sthAna zramaNa zramaNI svIkAra na kareM / jisa sthAna me kisI prakAra ke vizeSa jIva-jantu dikhAI deM vahA~ saMyata dhyAna, svAdhyAya, sastAraka ( bichaunA) Adi na kare / jo sthAna sAdhAraNa jIva-jantuoM vAlA ho use pramArjana karake kAma me le / jo makAna eka yA aneka tyAgiyo ko lakSya karake banAyA gayA ho, kharIdA gayA ho athavA granya DhaMga se prApta kiyA gayA ho use sadoSa samajhakara nirgrantha-nirgranthI upayoga me na le / yadi kisI makAna me sayamI ke nimitta kisI prakAra kA saskAra kiyA gayA ho to use bhI vaha svIkAra na kare / jahA~ taka bana sake, zramaNa zramaNI UMce makAna me na rahe / kAraNavazAt U~ce makAna me rahanA par3e to Upara se hAtha-mu~ha Adi na dhove /

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180 : jaina AcAra jisa makAna meM strI, vAlaka athavA pazu kA nivAsa ho unameM zramaNa na rahe kyoki aisA sthAna sahaja hI saMyama kA virAdhaka bana sakatA hai | zramaNI ke lie purupavAlA sthAna niSiddha hai / nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko gRhastha ke sAtha bhI nivAsa nahI karanA cAhie kyoki gRhastha to zuci- sAmAcArayukta arthAt snAnAdi karane vAle hote haiM jaba ki nirgrantha-nirgranthiyA~ snAnAdi zaucakriyAe~ nahI karate / isa bheda ke kAraNa gRhasya ko apane kAryakrama me vyutkrama karanA par3a sakatA hai / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki gRhastha apane yahA~ Thahare hue nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ke nimitta aneka prakAra ke Arambha samArambha me pravRtta ho sakatA hai aura pariNAmataH sayama kI virAdhanA ho sakatI hai| rAtri ke samaya corI Adi ho jAne para vahA~ Thahare hue saMyamI para kisI prakAra kA Aropa A sakatA hai| koI-koI gRhastha apane makAna bar3e isalie banAte haiM ki avasara Ane para ve bhikSupro ke kAma me Asake / zramaNa zramaNiyoM ko aise makAno meM nahI ThaharanA cAhie / yadi koI gRhastha apanA banA-banAyA makAna zramaNAdi ke lie khAlI kara apane lie dUsarA makAna banAne kA socatA hai to sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko usame ThaharanA akalpya hai / zramaNa zramaNI usa ghara me na rahe jisame gRhastha rahatA ho, pAnI Adi rakhA jAtA ho, gRhastha ke ghara me se hokara rAstA jAtA ho, loga paraspara kalaha karate hoM, snAna karate ho, mAliza Adi karate hoM / citrayukta sthAna bhI tyAgiyo ke lie tyAjya hai /

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zramaNa-dharma : 181 __ jo sthAna hisAdi doSo se rahita ho tathA jahA~ rahakara sayama kI samyakatayA ArAdhanA kI jAsake vahI sthAna nigrantha-nirganthiyo ke lie kalpya hai / isa prakAra ke sthAna me Thaharane ke pUrva svAmI kI niSkapaTa bhAva se anumati lenA anivArya hai / svAmI kI anicchA athavA niSedha hone kI sthiti me vaha sthAna nahI lenA cAhie athavA choDa denA cAhie / saMstAraka Adi anya sAmagrI ke viSaya me bhI yahI niyama hai| saMyamI ko kisI bhI sthAna me Thaharane ke pUrva malamUtra ke tyAga kA vicAra avazya kara lenA caahie| etadviSayaka sthAna pahale se hI yathAvat dekha lenA cAhie tAki bAda meM kisI prakAra kI kaThinAI na ho| pUrI sAvadhAnI rakhate hue bhI sama yA viSama jaisA bhI sthAna Adi mile, samabhAvapUrvaka upayoga me lenA cAhie / saMyama kI kisI prakAra se virAdhanA na ho, isakA pUrNa dhyAna rakhanA caahie| nigrantha-nirganthiyo ke eka sthAna para rahane ke samaya kA do dRSTiyoM se vicAra kiyA gayA hai| varSARtu me ve eka sthAna para caturmAsaparyanta rahate haiN| zeSa ATha mahIno me unhe eka sthAna para eka sAtha eka mAsa se adhika rahanA akalpya hai| bRhatkalpa sUtra ke prathama uddeza me etadviSayaka spaSTa vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| usame yaha bhI batalAyA gayA hai ki yadi grAma, nagara Adi andara va bAhara ke bhAgo me baMTe hue hoM to dono me alaga-alaga adhikatama samaya taka rahA jA sakatA hai| andara rahate samaya bhikSAcaryA Adi andara eva bAhara rahate samaya bAhara hI karanA cAhie / nirgranthiyoM

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182 : jaina AcAra ke lie eka mAsa ke sthAna para do mAsa kI maryAdA rakhI gaI hai| eka parikSepa (cahAradIvArI) eva eka dvAra vAle grAmAdi me nigrantha-nirganthiyoM ko eka hI samaya nahIM rahanA cAhie / jisa vasati ke Asa-pAsa dukAneM ho, jo galI ke kinAre para ho, jahA~ aneka rAste milate ho vahA~ nirgranthiyoM ko rahanA akalpya hai| nirgrantha isa prakAra ke sthAnoM me yatanApUrvaka raha sakate haiN| nirgranthiyoM ko vinA daravAje ke khule upAzraya me nahI rahanA cAhie / dvArayukta upAzraya na milane kI sthiti me apavAdarUpa se paradA lagA kara rahA jA sakatA hai| nigrantho ko vinA daravAje ke upAzraya me rahanA kalpya hai| bRhatkalpa ke dvitIya uddeza me yaha batalAyA gayA hai ki nigraMnthiyo ko AgamanagRha (dharmazAlA Adi), vikRtagRha (anAvRta sthAna), vRkSamUla (peDa kA tanA), abhrAvakAza (khulA AkAza) Adi me rahanA akalpya hai| nirgrantha ina sthAno me yatanApUrvaka raha sakate haiN| tRtIya uddeza meM kahA gayA hai ki nimranthoM ko nirganthiyoM ke upAzraya meM baiThanA, sonA, khAnA, pInA Adi kucha bhI nahI karanA cAhie / isI prakAra nirgranthiyoM ke lie bhI nirgranthoM ke upAzraya me baiThanA Adi niSiddha hai| zramaNa-zramaNiyo ko kisI ke ghara ke bhItara athavA do gharoM ke bIca me baiThanA, sonA, dera taka khaDe rahanA Adi akalpya hai| kisI rogI, vRddha, tapasvI Adi ke gira par3ane para baiThane Adi me koI harja nhii|

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zramaNa-dharma * 183 java zramaNa- zramaNiyoM ko apanA vasati-sthAna chor3a kara anyatra vihAra karanA ho to prAtihArika arthAt vApasa dene yogya upakaraNa svAmI ko sauMpe vinA prasthAna nahI karanA caahie| itanA hI nahIM, zayyAtara arthAt makAnamA lika ke zayyA-saMstAraka ko apane lie jamAye hue rUpa me hI na choDate hue yathocita rUpa se vyavasthita karane ke bAda sthAna chor3anA caahie| jisa dina koI zramaNa athavA zramaNiyA~ vasati, saMstAraka Adi kA tyAga kareM usI dina anya zramaNa athavA zramaNiyAM vahA~ Akara Thahara jAyaM to bhI usa dina ke lie usa sthAna Adi para pahale ke zramaNa-zramaNiyoM kA hI avagraha arthAt adhikAra banA rahatA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM eka zramaNa-varga ke adhikAra kI vastu para dUsarA zramaNa-varga tava taka apanA adhikAra na samajhe java taka ki usakA tyAga kiye eka dina vyatIta na ho jAya / zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko kisI sthAna para rahate hue cAroM ora savA yojana arthAt pA~ca kosa kI maryAdA rakhanA kalpya hai| yaha maryAdA kisI prayojana se kahI jAne-Ane ke lie samajhanI cAhie / isa sAmAnya maryAdA me kAryavizeSa athavA paristhitivizeSa kI dRSTi se Avazyaka parivartana bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai / sAmAcArI: sAmAcArI athavA samAcArI kA artha hai samyak caryA / zramaNa kI dinacaryA kaisI honI cAhie ? isa prazna kA jaina AcArazAstra meM vyavasthita uttara diyA gayA hai| yaha uttara do rUpo me

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184 jaina AcAra * hai sAmAnya dinacaryA va paryupaNAkalpa / uttarAdhyayana Adi me muni kI sAmAnya dinacaryA para prakAza DAlA gayA hai tathA kalpasUtra Adi me paryuSaNAkalpa arthAt varSAvAsa (cAturmAsa ) se samva - ndhita viziSTa caryA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / sAmAnya caryA : uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke chabvIsave adhyayana ke prArambha me zramaNa kI sAmAnya caryArUpa sAmAcArI ke dasa prakAra batalAye gaye hai : 1. AvazyakI, 2 naipedhikI, 3 ApRcchanA, 4. pratipRcchanA, 5. chandanA, 6 icchAkAra, 7. mithyAkAra, 8. tathAkAra athavA tathyetikAra, 6. abhyutthAna, 10. upasapadA / kisI Avazyaka kArya ke nimitta upAzraya se bAhara jAte samaya 'maiM Avazyaka kArya ke lie bAhara jAtA hU~' yo kahanA cAhie / yaha AvazyakI sAmAcArI hai| bAhara se vApasa Akara 'aba mujhe bAhara nahI jAnA hai' yoM kahanA cAhie / yaha naipedhikI sAmAcArI hai| kisI bhI kArya ko karane ke pUrva guru athavA jyeSTha muni se pUchanA cAhie ki kyA maiM yaha kArya kara lU ? ise Apa - cchanA kahate haiM / guru athavA jyeSTha muni ne jisa kArya ke lie pahale manA kara diyA ho usa kArya ke lie AvazyakatA hone para punaH pUchanA ki kyA aba maiM yaha kArya kara lU, pratipRcchanA hai / lAye hue AhArAdi ke lie apane sAthI zramaNo ko AmaMtrita kara dhanya honA chaMdanA hai / paraspara eka-dUsare kI icchA jAnakara anukUla vyavahAra karanA icchAkAra kahalAtA hai / pramAda ke kAraNa

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zramaNa-dharma : 185 hone vAlI apanI truTiyoM ke lie pazcAttApa kara unheM mithyA arthAt niSphala banAnA mithyAkAra kahalAtA hai| guru athavA jyeSTha muni kI AjJA svIkAra kara unake kathana kA 'tahatti' ( ApakA kathana yathArtha hai ) kahakara Adara karanA tathAkAra athavA tathyetikAra kahalAtA hai / uThane, baiThane Adi me apane se baDo ke prati bhakti evaM vinaya kA vyavahAra karanA abhyutthAna hai| bhagavatI ( vyAkhyAprajJapti ) sUtra ( zataka 25) meM abhyutthAna ke sthAna para nimantraNA zabda hai| nimantraNA kA artha hai AhArAdi lAne ke lie jAte samaya sAthI zramaNoM ko bhI sAtha Ane ke lie nimatrita karanA athavA unase yaha pUchanA ki kyA Apake lie bhI kucha letA AU~ ? jJAnAdi kI prApti ke lie yogya guru kA Azraya grahaNa karanA upasaMpadA hai| isake lie zramaNa apane gaccha kA tyAga kara anya gaccha kA Azraya bhI le sakatA hai| muni ko divasa ko cAra bhAgo me vibhakta kara apanI dinacaryA sampanna karanI caahie| use divasa ke prathama prahara me mukhyataH svAdhyAya, dvitIya me dhyAna, tRtIya me bhikSAcaryA tathA caturtha me phira svAdhyAya karanA cAhie / isI prakAra rAtri ke cAra bhAgoM me se prathama me svAdhyAya, dvitIya me dhyAna, tRtIya me nidrA evaM caturtha me punaH svAdhyAya karanA caahie| isa prakAra dina-rAta ke ATha pahara me se cAra pahara svAdhyAya ke lie, do pahara dhyAna ke lie, eka pahara bhojana ke lie tathA eka pahara sone ke lie hai| isase pratIta hotA hai ki zramaNa kI dinacaryA meM adhyayana kA sarvAdhika mahattva hai / isake bAda dhyAna ko mahattva diyA gayA hai|

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186 : jaina AcAra khAne-pIne ke lie dina meM eka bAra eka pahara kA samaya diyA gayA hai| isI prakAra sone ke lie bhI rAta ke samaya kevala eka pahara diyA gayA hai| svAdhyAya athavA adhyayana me nimnokta pA~ca kriyAo kA samAveza kiyA jAtA hai : vAcanA; pacchanA, parivartanA (punarAvartana ), anuprekSA ( cintana ) aura dhrmkthaa| zramaNa kI isa saMkSipta dinacaryA kA vivecana karate hue uttarAdhyayanakAra ne batalAyA hai ki divasa ke prathama prahara ke prArambha ke caturtha bhAga me vastra-pAtrAdikA pratilekhana ( nirIkSaNa) karane ke bAda guru ko namaskAra kara sarva du khamukti ke lie svAdhyAya karanA caahie| isI prakAra divasa ke antima prahara ke anta ke caturtha bhAga me svAdhyAya se nivRtta hokara guru ko vaMdana karane ke bAda vastra-pAtrAdi kA pratilekhana karanA cAhie / pratilekhana karate samaya paraspara vArtAlApa nahI karanA cAhie aura na kisI anya se hI kisI prakAra kI bAtacIta karanI cAhie apitu apane kArya me pUrNa sAvadhAnI rakhanI caahie| tRtIya prahara meM kSudhA-vedanA kI zAnti Adi ke lie AhAra-pAnI kI gaveSaNA karanI caahie| AhAra-pAnI lene jAte samaya bhikSu ko pAtra Adi kA acchI taraha pramArjana kara lenA caahie| bhikSA ke lie adhika-se-adhika AdhA yojana (do kosa) taka jAnA caahie| caturtha prahara ke aMta meM svAdhyAya se nivRtta hone para eva vastrapAtrAdi kI pratilekhanA kara lene para mala-mUtra kA tyAga karane kI bhUmi kA avalokana karane ke bAda kAyotsarga (pratikramaNa athavA Avazyaka ) karanA cAhie / kAyotsarga me divasasambandhI ati

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zramaNa-dharma. 187 cAroM doSo kI cintanA evaM AlocanA karanI caahie| tadanantara rAtrikAlIna svAdhyAya Adi me laga jAnA caahie| rAtri ke caturtha prahara me isa DhaMga se svAdhyAya karanA cAhie ki apanI AvAja se gRhastha jaga na jAyaM / caturtha prahara kA caturtha bhAga zeSa rahane para punaH kAyotsarga karanA cAhie eva rAtrisambandhI aticAroM kI cintanA va AlocanA karanI cAhie / paryupaNAkalpa kalpasUtra (paryuSaNAkalpa ) ke sAmAcArI nAmaka aMtima prakaraNa me yaha ullekha hai ki zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ne varSA Rtu kA vIsa rAtasahita eka mahInA vItane para arthAt ASADha mAsa ke anta me cAturmAsa lagane ke vAda pacAsa dina vyatIta hone para varSAvAsa kiyA / isa prakaraNa me yaha bhI ullekha hai ki isa samaya se pUrva bhI varSAvAsa kalpya hai kintu isa samaya kA ullaghana karanA kalpya nahI / isa prakAra jaina AcArazAstra ke anusAra muniyoM kA varSAvAsa cAturmAsa lagane se lekara pacAsa dina bItane taka kabhI bhI prAraMbha ho sakatA hai arthAt ASADha zuklA caturdazI se lekara bhAdrapada zuklA pacamI taka kisI bhI dina zurU ho sakatA hai / sAmAnyatayA cAturmAsa prAraMbha hote hI jIva-jantuo kI utpatti ko dhyAna me rakhate hue muni ko varSAvAsa kara lenA cAhie / paristhitivizeSa kI dRSTi se use pacAsa dina kA samaya aura diyA gayA hai / isa samaya taka use varSAvAsa avazya kara lenA cAhie / varSAvAsa me sthita nirgrantha-nigranthiyo ko bhI cAroM ora -

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188 : jaina AcAra savA yojana arthAt pAca kosa taka kI avagraha-maryAdA-gamanAgamana kI kSetra-sImA rakhanA kalpya hai| hRSTapuSTa, Arogyayukta evaM balavAn nimrantha-nigranthiyo ko dUdha, dahI, makkhana, ghI, tela Adi rasavikRtiyA~ bAra-bAra nahI lenI cAhie / __ nityabhojI bhikSu ko gocarakAla me ( gocarI ke samaya ) AhAra-pAnI ke lie gRhastha ke ghara kI ora eka bAra jAnA kalpya hai| AcArya Adi kI sevA ke nimitta adhika bAra bhI jAyA jA sakatA hai| caturthabhakta arthAt upavAsa karane vAle bhikSu ko upavAsa ke bAda prAtaHkAla gocarI ke lie nikala kara ho sake to usa samaya milane vAle AhAra-pAnI se hI usa dina kAma calA lenA caahie| vaisA zakya na hone para gocarakAla me AhAra-pAnI ke lie gRhapati ke ghara kI ora eka bAra aura jAyA jA sakatA hai| isI prakAra SaSThabhakta arthAt do upavAsa karane vAle bhikSu ko gocarI ke samaya AhAra-pAnI ke lie gRhastha ke ghara kI ora do bAra aura jAnA kalpya hai| aSTamabhakta arthAt tIna upavAsa karane vAlA bhikSu gocarI ke samaya AhAra-pAnI ke lie gRhapati ke ghara kI ora tIna bAra aura jA sakatA hai| vikRSTabhakta arthAt aSTamabhakta se adhika tapa karane vAle bhikSu ke lie etadviSayaka koI nirdhArita sakhyA athavA samaya nahIM hai| vaha apanI suvidhAnusAra kisI bhI samaya eva kitanI hI bAra AhAra-pAnI ke lie gRhastha ke ghara jA sakatA hai| use isa viSaya me pUrNa svatantratA hai|

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zramaNa-dharma : 189 nityabhojI bhikSu ko saba prakAra kA nirdoSa pAnI lenA kalpya hai / caturthabhakta karane vAle bhikSu ko nimnokta tIna prakAra kA pAnI grahaNa karanA kalpya hai : utsvedima arthAt pise hue anAja kA pAnI, saMsvedima arthAt ubale hue pattoM kA pAnI aura taMdulodaka arthAt cAvala kA pAnI / SaSThabhakta karane vAle bhikSu ke lie nimnokta tIna prakAra kA pAnI vihita hai : tilo - daka arthAt tila kA pAnI, tupodaka arthAt tuSa kA pAnI aura yavodaka arthAt jau kA pAnI / aSTamabhakta karane vAle bhikSu ke lie nimnokta tIna prakAra kA pAnI vihita hai . AyAma arthAt pake hue cAvala kA pAnI, sauvIra arthAt kAjI aura zuddhavikaTa arthAt garama pAnI / vikRSTabhakta karane vAle bhikSu ko kevala garama pAnI grahaNa karanA kalpya hai / pANipAtra arthAt digambara bhikSu ko tanika bhI pAnI varasatA ho to bhojana ke lie athavA pAnI ke lie nahI nikalanA cAhie / pAtradhArI bhikSu adhika varSA me AhAra- pAnI ke lie -bAhara nahI jA sakatA / alpa varSA hotI ho to eka vastra aura oDhakara AhAra- pAnI ke lie gRhastha ke ghara kI ora jA sakatA hai / bhikSA ke lie bAhara gayA huA muni varSA A jAne kI sthiti me vRkSa Adi ke nIce Thahara sakatA hai evaM AvazyakatA hone para vahA~ AhAra- pAnI kA upabhoga bhI kara sakatA hai / use khA-pIkara pAtrAdi sApha kara sUrya rahate hue apane upAzraya me cale jAnA cAhiye kyoki vahA~ raha kara rAtri vyatIta karanA akalpya hai /

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190 : jaina AcAra muni ko apane zarIra se pAnI Tapakane kI sthiti me athavA apanA zarIra gIlA hone kI avasthA meM AhAra pAnI kA upabhoga nahI karanA cAhiye / jaba use yaha mAlUma ho ki ava merA zarIra sUkha gayA hai tava AhAra pAnI kA upabhoga karanA cAhie / paryuSaNA ke bAda arthAt varSA Rtu ke pacAsa dina vyatIta hone para nirgranya-nigranthI ke sira para golomapramANa arthAt gAya ke bAla jitane keza bhI nahIM rahane cAhie / kaiMcI se apanA muNDana karane vAle ko Adhe mahIne se muMDa honA cAhie, ustare se apanA muNDana karane vAle ko eka mahIne se tathA loca se muDa hone vAle ko arthAt hAtho se bAla ukhADa kara apanA muDana karane vAle ko cha. mahIne se muNDa honA cAhie / sthavira ( vRddha ) vArSika loca kara sakatA hai / zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko paryupaNA ke bAda adhikaraNayukta arthAt klezakArI vANI bolanA akalpya hai / paryuSaNA ke dina unhe paraspara kSamAyAcanA karanI cAhie evaM upazamabhAva kI vRddhi karanI cAhie kyoki jo upazamabhAva rakhatA hai vahI ArAdhaka hotA hai | zramaNatva kA sAra upazama hI hai ata. jo upazamabhAva nahI rakhatA vaha virAdhaka kahA jAtA hai | bhikSu pratimAe~ : pratimA kA artha hotA hai tapavizeSa / dazAzrutaskagha ke SaSTha uddeza me ekAdaza upAsaka - pratimAo kA tathA saptama uddeza me

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zramaNa-dharma : 191 dvAdaza bhikSu-pratimAo kA varNana hai| upAsaka-pratimAeM zrAvaka ke lie hai jabaki bhikSu-pratimAeM zramaNa ke lie haiN| dvAdaza bhikSupratimAoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM : 1. mAsikI, 2. dvimAsikI, 3. trimAsikI, 4. caturmAsikI, 5 paMcamAsikI, 6 paTmAsikI, 7. saptamAsikI, 8. prathama sapta-ahorAtrikI, 9. dvitIya saptaahorAtrikI, 10. tRtIya sapta-ahorAtrikI, 11. ahorAtriko, 12. raatrikii| mAsikI pratimAdhArI arthAt eka mahIne taka tapavizepa kI ArAdhanA karane vAle muni ko kisI bhI saMkaTa se nahI ghabarAnA caahie| use pratyeka prakAra ke parISaha ko kSamApUrvaka sahana karanA caahie| kisI bhI upasarga kI upasthiti me dInatA kA pradarzana nahI karanA caahie| isa pratimA me muni ko eka datti anna kI evaM eka datti jala kI lenA vihita hai| yahA~ datti kA artha hai dIyamAna anna yA jala kI eka akhaNDita dhArA / yaha padArtha ke eka aMza-hisse-TukaDe ke rUpa me hotI hai| mAsikI pratimA-sthita muni ko ajJAta kula se eka vyakti ke lie bane hue bhojana me se hI AhAra grahaNa karanA kalpya hai| garbhavatI ke lie, bAlaka vAlI ke lie, vAlaka ko dUdha pilAne vAlI ke lie banA huA bhojana lenA akalpya hai| jisake dono paira dehalI ke bhItara athavA bAhara ho usase vaha AhAra nahIM letaa| jo eka paira dehalI ke bhItara eva eka dehalI ke bAhara rakhakara bhikSA detA hai usI se vaha grahaNa karatA hai / yaha usakA abhigraha arthAt pratijJAvizeSa hai| mAsikI pratimAdhArI zramaNa jahA~ use koI jAnatA ho vahA~

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192 : jaina AcAra eka rAta evaM jahA~ use koI bhI nahI jAnatA ho vahAM do rAta raha sakatA hai / isase adhika rahane para utane hI dina kA cheda ( dIkSA - paryAya me kaTautI ) athavA taparUpa prAyazcitta lagatA hai / mAsikI pratimA pratipanna nirgrantha ko cAra prakAra kI bhASA kalpya hai : AhArAdi kI yAcanA karane kI, mArgAdi pUchane kI, sthAnAdi ke lie anumati lene kI tathA prazno ke uttara dene kI / isa prakAra ke anagAra ke upAzraya me yadi koI Aga lagA de to bhI vaha bAhara nahI nikalatA / yadi koI use pakar3a kara bAhara khIcane kA prayatna kare to vaha haTha na karate hue yatanApUrvaka bAhara nikala AtA hai / yadi usake paira me kAMTA, kaMkaDa yA kIla Adi laga jAya athavA A~kha meM dhUli Adi gira jAya to usakI paravAha na karate hue samabhAvapUrvaka vicaraNa karatA rahatA hai / yadi usake sAmane madonmatta hAthI, ghoDA, baila, bhaisa, sUara, kuttA, bAgha athavA anya krUra prANI prA jAya to usase bhayabhIta hokara vaha eka kadama bhI pIche nahI haTatA / yadi koI bholA-bhAlA jIva usake sAmane AjAya aura Darane lage to vaha kucha pIche haTa jAtA hai / vaha ThaMDa ke bhaya se zItala sthAna se uTha kara uSNa sthAna para athavA garamI ke Dara se uSNa sthAna se uTha kara zItala sthAna para nahI jAtA apitu jisa samaya jahA~ hotA hai usa samaya vahI raha kara zItoSNa parISaha sahana karatA hai / dvimAsikI pratimA pratipanna anagAra bhI isI prakAra vyutsRSTakAya arthAt zarIra ke moha se rahita hotA hai / vaha kevala do dattiyA anna kI tathA do dattiyA~ jala kI grahaNa karatA hai / trimAsikI

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zramaNa-dharma . 193 pratimA me anna-jala kI tIna dattiyAM, caturmAsikI pratimA meM cAra dattiyA, pacamAsikI pratimA me pAca dattiyA, paTamAsikI pratimA me cha dattiyA tathA saptamAsikI pratimA me sAta dattiyAM vihita hai| __ prathama sapta-ahorAtrikI pratimA-pratipanna bhikSu nirjala caturtha * bhakta (upavAsa) karate hue grAmAdi ke bAhara uttAnAsana ( leTe hue AkAza kI ora mukha rakha kara-citta leTa kara ), pAzrvAsana ( eka pArzva ke AdhAra para leTakara ) athavA niSadyAsana (samapAdapUrvaka baiTha kara) se kAyotsarga-dhyAna karatA hai| vahA vaha deva, manuSya yA tiryaJcasambandhI upasarga utpanna hone para dhyAna se skhalita nahI hotaa| dvitIya sapta-ahorAtrikI pratimA me daNDAsana, lakuTAsana athavA utkuTukAsana para dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai| tRtIya sapta-ahorAtrikI pratimA me dhyAna ke lie godohanikAsana, vIrAsana athavA AmrakubjAsana kA avalambana liyA jAtA hai| zeSa sava niyama prathama sapta-ahorAtrikI pratimA ke hI samAna haiN| ahorAtrikI pratimA nirjala SaSTha bhakta ( do upavAsa ) pUrvaka hotI hai| isa pratimA me sthita muni grAmAdi ke vAhara (khaDA) raha kara dono pairoM ko kucha saMkucita kara tathA donoM bhujAo ko ( jAnuparyanta ) lambI kara kAyotsarga karatA hai| rAtrikI pratimA-pratipanna anagAra nirjala aSTa bhakta ( tIna , upavAsa) pUrvaka grAmAdi ke bAhara khar3A raha kara zarIra ko ..thoDA-sA Age kI ora jhukAkara eka pudgala (nAsikA, nakha

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194 : jaina AcAra Adi kisI eka aMgopAga ) para dRSTi sthita kara nirnimeSa netroM, nizcala aMgoM, sakucita pairo evaM pralambita vAhuyo se dhyAnastha hotA hai tathA pUrvavat samasta upasargoM ko sahana karatA hai / ina pratimAo ke nAmo se spaSTa hai ki prathama pratimA eka mAsa kI, dvitIya do mAsa kI yAvat sAtavI pratimA sAta mAsa kI hotI hai / AThavI, navI va dasavI pratimAoM kA samaya sAtasAta dinarAta kA hai / gyArahavI pratimA eka dinarAta kI tathA bArahavI pratimA eka rAta kI hotI hai / prathama sAta pratimAoM me TIkAkAra pUrva - pUrva kI pratimAo kA samaya bhI milAte jAte haiM / dUsare zabdoM me TIkAkAro ke mata se prathama sAta pratimAe~ eka-eka mAsa kI hI hotI haiM / aisA mAnane para ATha mAsa ke bhItara hI dvAdaza pratimAeM samApta ho jAtI haiM / yadi mUla sUtra ke anusAra prathama pratimA eka mAsa kI yAvat saptama pratimA alaga se sAta mAsa kI mAnI jAya to prathama sAta pratimAoM ke lie do varSa cAra mahIne tathA atima pAMca pratimAo ke lie bAIsa dina va eka rAta kA samaya lagatA hai / isa prakAra dvAdaza pratimAe~ do varSa, cAra mAsa, bAIsa divasa va eka rAtri me samApta ho pAtI haiM / isa avadhi me varSA Rtu ke dino me vihAra ke sAmAnya niyama kA pAlana nahI kiyA jAtA arthAt eka yA do dina ke antara se grAmAnugrAma vihAra na kiyA jAkara cAra mAsa paryanta eka hI sthAna para rahA jAtA hai / vyavahAra sUtra ke dasave uddeza me yavamadhya - pratimA evaM vajramadhya- pratimA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra anyatra bhadra

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zramaNa-dharma : 195 pratimA, mahAbhadra-pratimA, subhadra-pratimA, sarvatomahAbhadra-pratimA, saptapiNDaiSaNA-pratimA, saptapAnaiSaNA-pratimA Adi vividha bhikSupratimAoM kA varNana upalabdha hotA hai| iname tapa ke vividha rUpoM kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| tapa se karmanirjarA hotI hai ataH muni ke lie tapa AcaraNIya hai| samAdhimaraNa athavA paMDitamaraNa : maraNa do prakAra kA hotA hai : bAlamaraNa aura paDitamaraNa / ajJAniyo kA maraNa bAlamaraNa evaM jJAniyoM kA maraNa paDitamaraNa kahA jAtA hai| jo viSayoM me Asakta hote haiM evaM mRtyu se bhayabhIta rahate haiM ve ajJAnI bAlamaraNa se marate haiN| jo viSayoM me anAsakta hote haiM yathA mRtyu se nirbhaya rahate hai ve jJAnI paDitamaraNa se marate haiN| cUMki paDitamaraNa me saMyamI kA citta samAdhiyukta hotA hai arthAt sayamI ke citta me sthiratA evaM samabhAva kI vidyamAnatA hotI hai ataH paMDitamaraNa ko samAdhimaraNa bhI kahate haiN| jaba bhikSu yA bhikSuNI ko yaha pratIti ho jAya ki merA zarIra tapa Adi ke kAraNa atyanta kRza ho gayA hai athavA roga Adi kAraNoM se atyanta durbala ho gayA hai athavA anya kisI Akasmika kAraNa se mRtyu samIpa AgaI hai evaM sayama kA nirvAha asabhava ho gayA hai taba vaha kramazaH AhAra kA sakoca karatA huA kapAya ko kRza kare, zarIra ko samAhita kare eva zAnta citta se zarIra kA parityAga kre| isI kA nAma samAdhimaraNa

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196 : jaina AcAra athavA paMDitamaraNa hai| cUki isa prakAra ke maraNa me zarIra evaM kapAya ko kRza kiyA jAtA hai-kuredA jAtA hai ataH ise saMlekhanA bhI kahate hai| salekhanA meM nirjIva ekAntasthAna meM tRNazayyA (saMstAraka) vichA kara aAhArAdi kA parityAga kiyA jAtA hai ata: ise sathArA (sastAraka) bhI kahate haiN| AcArAMga ke prathama zrutaskandha ke AThave adhyayana me samAdhimaraNa svIkAra karane vAle ko vuddha va brAhmaNa kahA gayA hai eva isa maraNa ko mahAvIropadiSTa vatAyA gayA hai| samAdhimaraNa grahaNa karane vAle kI mAdhyasthyavRtti kA varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki vaha saMyamI na jIvita rahane kI AkAMkSA rakhatA hai, na mRtyu kI prArthanA karatA hai| vaha jIvana aura maraNa me Asaktirahita hotA hai-samabhAva rakhatA hai| isa avasthA me yadi koI hiMsaka prANI usake zarIra kA mAsa va rakta khA jAya to bhI vaha usa prANI kA hanana nahI karatA aura na use apane zarIra se dUra hI karatA hai| vaha yaha samajhatA hai ki ye prANI usake nazvara zarIra kA hI nAza karate hai, amara AtmA kA nhiiN|

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zra ma Na - saMgha gaccha, kula, gaNa va saMgha prAcArya upAdhyAya pravartaka, sthavira, gaNI gaNAvacchedaka va ratnAdhika nirgranthI-sagha vaiyAvRtya dIkSA prAyazcitta

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zramaNa-saMgha jaina AcArazAstra me sthavirakalpika muni ke lie vratapAlana kI bhinna vyavasthA kI gaI hai evaM jinakalpika muni ke lie bhinna / jinakalpika muni kA AcAra ati kaThora tapomaya hotA hai ata. use vizeSa prakAra ke saMgaThana athavA sAmUhika maryAdAoM me na vA~dha kara ekAkI vicarane kI anumati dI gaI hai| vaha ekAvahArI evaM ekAntavihArI hokara hI apane lakSya ko prApta kara sakatA hai| sthavirakalpika ke viSaya meM yaha bAta nahI hai| vaha ekAkI raha kara saMyama kA pAlana samucita rUpa se nahIM kara sktaa| usakI mAnasika bhUmikA athavA AdhyAtmika bhUmikA itanI vikasita nahI hotI ki vaha akelA raha kara sarvavirata zramaNadharma kA pAlana kara ske| isalie sthavirakalpikoM ke lie saMghavyavasthA kI gaI hai| sagha se pRthaka hokara vicaraNa karane vAle sthavirakalpiko ke vipaya me AcArAMga ke prathama zrutaskandha ke pacama adhyayana me spaSTa kahA gayA hai ki ekacArI bahukrodhI, bahumAnI, bahumAyI evaM vahulobhI hote haiN| ve 'hama to dharma me udyata haiM' aisA apalApa karate haiN| vastuta. unakA durAcaraNa koI dekha na le isalie ve ekAkI vicarate haiN| ve apane ajAna eva pramAda ke kAraNa dharma ko nahI jAnate / vyavahAra sUtra ke prathama uddeza me ekalavihArI sAdhu ke viSaya me kahA gayA hai ki koI sAdhu gaNa kA tyAga kara akelA hI vicare aura bAda

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200 : jaina AcAra me puna. gaNa meM sammilita honA cAhe to use AlocanA Adi (prAyazcitta) karavAkara prathama dIkSA kA cheda arthAt bhaMga kara naI dIkSA aMgIkAra karavAnI caahie| jo niyama sAmAnya ekalavihArI nigrantha ke lie hai vahI ekalavihArI gaNAvacchedaka, upAdhyAya, AcArya Adi ke lie bhI hai| gaccha, kula, gaNa va saMgha : zramaNa-sagha ke mUla do vibhAga hai : sAdhuvarga va saadhviivrg| sakhyA kI vizAlatA ko dRSTi meM rakhate hue ina vargoM ko aneka upavibhAgo me vibhakta kiyA jAtA hai| jitane sAdhuno va sAdhviyo kI suvidhApUrvaka dekha-rekha va vyavasthA kI jA sake utane sAdhu-sAdhviyo ke samUha ko gaccha kahA jAtA hai| isa prakAra ke gaccha ke nAyaka ko gacchAcArya kahate hai| gaccha ke sAdhuo athavA sAdhviyo kI saMkhyA baDI hone para unakA vibhinna vargoM me vibhAjana kiyA jA sakatA hai / isa prakAra ke varga me kama se kama kitane sAdhu ho, isakA vidhAna karate hue vyavahAra sUtra ke caturtha uddeza meM batAyA gayA hai ki hemanta tathA grISma Rtu me AcArya eva upAdhyAya ke sAtha kama se kama eka anya sAdhu rahanA cAhie / anya varganAyaka, jise jaina paribhApA me gaNAvacchedaka kahate haiM, ke sAtha hemanta evaM grISma Rtu me kama se kama do anya sAdhu rahane cAhie / vARtu me AcArya evaM upAdhyAya ke sAtha do tathA gaNAvacchedaka ke sAtha tIna anya sAdhuo kA rahanA anivArya hai| paMcama uddeza me sAdhviyo kI

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zramaNa-saMgha : 201 alpatama saMkhyA kA vidhAna karate hue kahA gayA hai ki pravartinI (pradhAna AryA) ko hemanta eva grISma Rtu me kama se kama do tathA varSARtu me kama se kama tIna anya sAdhviyo ke sAtha rahanA caahie| gaNAvacchedinI ke sAtha varSAkAla me kama se kama cAra tathA anya samaya me kama se kama tIna sAdhviyAM rahanI caahie| gaccha ke vibhinna vargoM ke sAdhu-sAdhvI gacchAcArya kI AjA ke anusAra hI vicaraNa karate haiN| isa prakAra ke aneka gaccho ke samUha ko kula kahate haiN| kula ke nAyaka ko kulAcArya kahA jAtA hai / aneka kulo ke samUha ko gaNa tathA aneka gaNo ke samudAya ko sagha kahate haiM / gaNanAyaka gaNAcArya athavA gaNadhara tathA saghanAyaka sadhAcArya athavA pradhAnAcArya kahalAtA hai| AcArya: - zramaNa-zramaNiyo me AcArya kA sthAna sarvopari hai| usake vAda upAdhyAya, gaNI Adi kA sthAna AtA hai| vyavahAra sUtra ke tatIya deza me AcArya-pada kI yogyatAo kA digdarzana karAte hue kahA gayA hai ki jo kama se kama pAca varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlA hai, zramaNAcAra me kuzala hai, pravacana me pravINa hai yAvat dazAzrutaskandha, kalpa arthAt bRhatkalpa eva vyavahAra sUtro kA jJAtA hai use AcArya eva upAdhyAya ke pada para pratiSThita karanA kalpya hai| ATha varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlA zramaNa yadi AcArakuzala, pravacanapravINa eva asaMkliSTamanA hai tathA kama se kama sthAnAMga va samavAyAga satro kA jJAtA hai to use AcArya

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202 : jaina AcAra upAdhyAya, sthavira, gaNI, gaNAvacchedaka Adi ko padavI pradAna kI jA sakatI hai | ye sAmAnya niyama haiM / apavAda ke taura para to vizeSa kAraNavazAt sayama se bhraSTa ho puna. zramaNAcAra aMgIkAra karane vAle nirgrantha ko eka dina kI dIkSAparyAya vAlA hone para bhI AcAryAdi pada para pratiSThita kiyA jA sakatA hai / isa prakAra kA nirgrantha saMskAro kI dRSTi se sAmAnyatayA pratItikArI, dhairyazIla, vizvasanIya, samabhAvI, pramodakArI, anumata evaM bahumata kula kA honA Avazyaka hai / itanA hI nahI, usame khuda me pratIti, dhairya, samabhAva prAdi svakulopalavdha guNo kA honA jarUrI hai| sUtroM kA jJAna to Avazyaka hai hI / isa prakAra kA nirgrantha kulasampanna evaM guNasampanna hone ke kAraNa apane dAyitva kA samyaktayA nirvAha kara sakatA hai / maithuna sevana karane vAle zramaNa ko AcArya Adi kI padavI pradAna karane kA niSedha karate hue kahA gayA hai ki jo gaccha se alaga hue binA arthAt gaccha me rahate hue hI maithuna me Asakta ho use jIvanaparyanta AcArya, upAdhyAya, pravartaka, sthavira, gaNI evaM gaNAvacchedaka kI padavI denA niSiddha hai / gaccha kA tyAga kara maithuna sevana karane vAle ko punaH dIkSita ho gaccha me sammi lita hone ke bAda tIna varSa taka AcAryAdi kI padavI pradAna karanA niSiddha hai / tIna varSa vyatIta hone para yadi usakA mana sthira ho, vikAra zAnta ho, kaSAyAdi kA abhAva ho to use AcArya Adi ke pada para pratiSThita kiyA jA sakatA hai / zramaNa-zramaNiyo ke lie yaha Avazyaka hai ki ve AcArya

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zramaNa-saMgha : 203 Adi pUjya puruSoM kI anupasthiti meM vicaraNa na kareM aura na kahI rahe ho| vyavahAra sUtra ke caturtha uddeza meM batAyA gayA hai ki grAmAnugrAma vicarate hue yadi apane gaNa ke AcArya kI mRtyu ho jAya to anya gaNa ke AcArya ko pradhAna ke rUpa me aMgIkAra kara rAgadveSarahita hokara vicaraNa karanA cAhie / yadi usa samaya koI yogya AcArya na mila sake to apane me se kisii| yogya sAdhu ko prAcArya kI padavI pradAna kara usakI AjJA ke / anusAra AcaraNa karanA cAhie / isa prakAra ke yogya sAdhu kA / bhI abhAva ho to jahA~ taka apane amuka sArmika sAdhu na mila jAya vahA~ taka mArga me eka rAtri se adhika na Thaharate hue lagAtAra vihAra karate rahanA caahie| rogAdi vizeSa kAraNo se kaho adhika ThaharanA paDa jAya to koI hAni nhii| varSARtu ke dino me AcArya kA avasAna hone para bhI isI prakAra AcaraNa karanA caahie| isa prakAra kI vizeSa paristhiti me varSAkAla me bhI vihAra vihita hai|| nirganthiyoM ke viSaya me vyavahAra satra ke saptama uddeza me / batAyA gayA hai ki tIna varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAle nigrantha ko tIsa varNa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlI nirgranthI upAdhyAya ke pada para pratiSThita kara sakatI hai| isI prakAra pAca varSa ko dIkSAparyAya vAle nigrantha ko sATha varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlI ninthI AcArya athavA upAdhyAya ke pada para pratiSThita kara sakatI hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki sAdhu-sAdhviyo ko binA AcAryAdi ke niyantraNa ke svacchantApUrvaka nahI rahanA cAhie /

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204 : jaina AcAra apane jIvana ke antima samaya meM AcArya vividha pado para niyuktiyA~ kara sakatA hai / etadvipayaka viziSTa vidhAna karate hue vyavahAra sUtra ke caturtha uddeza me kahA gayA hai ki yadi AcArya adhika bImAra ho aura usake jIne kI vizeSa AzA na ho to use apane pAsa ke sAdhuoM ko bulAkara kahanA cAhie ki merI Ayu pUrNa hone para amuka sAdhu ko amuka pada pradAna kare | AcArya kI mRtyu ke vAda yadi vaha sAdhu prayogya pratIta na ho to use usa pada para pratiSThita karanA caahie| ayogya pratIta hone para kisI anya yogya sAdhu ko vaha pada pradAna karanA cAhie / anya yogya sAdhu ke abhAva me AcArya ke sujhAva ke anusAra kisI bhI sAdhu ko asthAyI rUpa se koI bhI pada pradAna kiyA jA sakatA hai / anya yogya sAdhu ke taiyAra ho jAne para asthAyI padAdhikArI ko apane pada se alaga ho jAnA cAhie / AcArya kA sAmAnya kArya apane adhInastha sAdhu-sAdhvIvarga kI saba taraha kI dekha-rekha rakhanA hai / vaha unakA mukhya adhikArI hotA hai / usakA vizeSa kArya sAdhu-sAdhviyo ko ucca kakSA kI zikSA pradAna karanA hai-- ucca adhyApana karanA hai / AcArya ke bAda upAdhyAya kA sthAna hai aura usake bAda pravartaka, sthavira, gaNI, gaNAvacchedaka, rAtnika athavA ratnAdhika Adi kA / upAdhyAya upAdhyAya kA mukhya kAryaM sAdhu-sAdhviyo ko prAthamika evaM mAdhyamika kakSA kI zikSA pradAna karanA hai / vyavahAra sUtra ke

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zramaNa-saMgha * 205 tRtIya uddeza me upAdhyAya-pada kI yogyatAo kA ullekha karate hue kahA gayA hai ki jo kama se kama tIna varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlA hai, zramaNAcAra meM kuzala hai, sayama me susthita hai, pravacana me pravINa hai, prAyazcitta pradAna karane meM samartha hai. gaccha ke lie kSetrAdi kA nirgaya karane me niSNAta hai, nirdoSa AhArAdi kI gaveSaNA meM nipuNa hai, sakliSTa pariNAmo-bhAvo se aspaSTa hai, 'cAritravAn hai, vahuzruta hai vaha upAdhyAya-pada para pratiSThita karane yogya hai| pravartaka, sthavira, gaNo, gaNAvacchedaka va ratnAdhika : pravartaka kA mukhya kartavya sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko zramaNAcAra kI pravRtti me pravRtta karanA eva tadviSayaka zikSA denA hai| pravartaka zramaNa-sagha kA prAcArAdhikArI hotA hai| vaha AcAra va vicAra dono me kuzala hotA hai| ___ sthavira (vRddha) tIna prakAra ke kahe gaye hai jAti-sthavira, sUtra-sthavira aura pravrajyA-sthavira / sATha varSa kI Ayu hone para zramaNa jAti-sthavira hotA hai / sthAnAgAdi sUtro kA jJAtA sAdhu sUtra-sthavira kahalAtA hai| dIkSA grahaNa karane ke vIsa varSa bAda arthAt vIsa varSa kI dIkSAparyAya hojAne para nigrantha pravrajyAsthavira kahalAne lagatA hai| sthavira kA mukhya dAyitva zramaNasagha me praviSTa hone vAle nigrantha-nirganthiyoM ko zramaNadharmopayogI 'prArabhika zikSA pradAna karanA hai| gaNI kA mukhya kArya apane gaMNa ko sUtrArtha denA arthAt

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206 : jaina AcAra zAstra paDhAnA hai / gaNI ko vAcanAcArya athavA gaNadhara bhI kahA jAtA hai| gaNAvacchedaka amuka gaccha athavA varga kA nAyaka hotA hai| usa varga ke samasta sAdhuo kA niyantraNa usake hAtha me hotA hai| zramaNa-saMgha ke viziSTa jJAnAcArasampanna nigrantha rAtnika athavA ratnAdhika kahalAte haiN| ye mahAnubhAva vividha anukUlapratikUla prasaMgoM para AcAryAdi kI sahAyatA ke lie sadaiva tatpara rahate haiN| mUlAcAra, anagAradharmAmRta Adi digambara graMthoM me bhI zramaNa-saMgha ke viziSTa puruSo athavA adhikAriyoM ke nAma lagabhaga isI rUpa me milate haiN| uname AcArya, upAdhyAya, gaNadhara, sthavira, pravartaka, rAtnika Adi nAma upalabdha hote haiM / nirgranthI-saMgha nimrantha-sagha kI hI bhAMti nirganthI-saMgha bhI AcArya evaM upAdhyAya ke hI adhIna hotA hai| aisA hote hue bhI usake lie bhinna vyavasthA karanA anivArya hai kyoki usakA saMgaThana svatantra hI hotA hai| nirgranthiyo ko nirgrantho ke sAtha baiThane, uThane, pAne, jAne, khAne, pIne, rahane, phirane Adi kI manAhI hai| nirganthiyoM ko apane hI varga me rahakara saMyama kI ArAdhanA karanI hotI hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki nirgranthI-sagha me bhI viziSTa padAdhikAriyoM kI niyuktiyAM kI jAtI haiN| isa prakAra kI niyuktiyA~

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zramaNa-saMgha : 207 mukhyata: nimnokta cAra padoM se sambandhita hotI hai pratinI, gaNAvacchedinI, abhiSekA aura prtihaarii| pUre zramaNa-sagha me AcArya kA jo sthAna hai vahI sthAna nirgranthI-sagha me pravartinI kA hai / usakI yogyatAeM bhI AcArya Adi ke hI samakakSa hai arthAt ATha varSa kI dIkSA-paryAya vAlI sAdhvI prAcArakuzala, pravacanapravINa tathA asaMkliSTa citta vAlI evaM sthAnAMga-samavAyAMga kI jJAtA hone para pratinI ke pada para pratiSThita kI jA sakatI hai / pravartinI ko mahattarA ke rUpa me bhI pahacAnA jAtA hai / AcArya-upAdhyAya ke adhIna hone ke kAraNa use mahattamA nahI kahA jAtA / kahI-kahI pradhAnatama sAdhvI ke lie gaNinI zabda kA bhI prayoga haA hai| sAdhvI-saMgha meM gaNAvacchedinI kA vahI sthAna hai jo zramaNa-saMgha me upAdhyAya kA hai| isIlie gaNAvacchedinI ko upAdhyAyA ke rUpa meM bhI pahacAnA jAtA hai| zramaNa-saMgha me jo sthAna sthavira kA hai vahI sthAna sAdhvIsagha me abhiSekA kA hai| isIlie use sthavirA bhI kahA jAtA hai| pratihArI rAtnika athavA ratnAdhika zramaNa ke samakakSa mAnI jA sakatI hai| pratihArI ninthI ko pratizrayapAlI, dvArapAlI athavA saMkSepa meM pAlI ke rUpa me bhI pahacAnA jAtA hai / nigranthI-sagha kI padAdhikAriNiyAM bhI nirgantha padAdhikAriyo ke hI samAna jJAnAcArasampanna hotI haiN| mUlAcAra ke sAmAcAra nAmaka caturtha adhikAra meM saMgha ke zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ke pArasparika vyavahAra kA vicAra karate hue kahA gayA hai ki taruNa zramaNa ko taruNa zramaNI ke sAtha saMbhASaNa

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208 * jaina AcAra Adi nahI karanA cAhie, zramaNo ko zramaNiyoM ke sAtha nahI ThaharanA cAhie, zramaNiyo ko AcArya se pAMca hAtha dUra, upAdhyAya se cha hAtha dUra tathA anya sAdhuo se sAta hAtha dUra baiTha kara vaMdanA karanI caahie| zramaNiyo ko pArasparika saMrakSaNa kI bhAvanA se tIna, pAca athavA sAta kI saMkhyA me bhikSA ke lie jAnA caahie| ' vaiyAvRtya : vaiyAvRtya arthAt sevA ke viSaya me sthavirakalpikoM ke lie sAmAnya niyama yahI hai ki sAdhu sAdhvI se eva sAdhvI sAdhu se kisI prakAra kA kAma na le| apavAda ke rUpa me sAdhu-sAdhvI paraspara sevA-suzrUSA kara sakate hai| sarpadaMza Adi viSama paristhiti me AvazyakatAnusAra koI bhI strI athavA purupa sAdhusAdhvI kI auSadhopacArarUpa sevA kara sakatA hai| jinakalpiko ko tyAgI athavA gRhastha kisI se kisI bhI prakAra kI sevA lenA athavA karanA akalpya hai| nigrantha-nirganthiyo ke lie sAmAnyatayA dasa prakAra kI sevA AcaraNIya batAI gaI hai : 1. AcArya kI sevA, 2 upAdhyAya kI sevA, 3 sthavira kI sevA, 4. tapasvI kI sevA, 5 zaikSa arthAt chAtra kI sevA, 6 glAna arthAt rogI kI sevA, 7 sArmika kI sevA, 8 kula kI sevA, 6 gaNa kI sevA, 10. sagha kI sevA / isa prakAra kI sevA se mahAnirjarA kA lAbha hotA hai|

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zramaNa-saMgha . 209 dIkSA: pravrajyA athavA dIkSA ke viSaya me sAmAnya niyama yahI hai ki sAdhu strI ko tathA sAdhvI purupa ko dIkSita na kare / yadi kisI aise sthAna para strI ko vairAgya huA ho jahA~ AsapAsa me sAdhvI na ho to sAdhu use isa zarta para dIkSA de sakatA hai ki dIkSA dene ke bAda use yathAzIghra kisI sAdhvI ko supurda kara de / isI zarta para sAdhvI bhI pUrupa ko dIkSA pradAna kara sakatI hai| tAtparya itanA hI hai ki dIkSA ke nAma para kisI prakAra se sAdhu strIsaga ke doSa kA bhAgI na bane aura sAdhvI puruSasaga ke dopa se dUra rahe / ise dhyAna meM rakhate hue dokSA dene kI aupacArika vidhi kisI bhI yogya nirgrantha athavA nirgranthI dvArA sampanna kI jA sakatI hai| dIkSita hone ke bAda sAdhu kA nirgrantha-varga me eva sAdhvI kA nirgranthI-varga me sammilita honA Avazyaka hai| nigrantha-nirgranthiyo ko niyamAnusAra kisI bhI avasthA me ATha varSa se kama Ayu ke bAlaka-bAlikAo ko dIkSA nahIM denI caahie| dIkSA ke lie vicAroM kI paripakvatA bhI Avazyaka hai / aparipakva Ayu, aparipakva vicAra eva aparipakva vairAgya dIkSA ke pavitra uddezya kI saMprApti me bAdhaka siddha hote hai / paDaka, klIva Adi ayogya purupo ko bhI dIkSA nahI denI caahie| prAyazcitta: prAyazcitta kA artha hai vrata me lagane vAle doSo ke lie samucita daNDa / zramaNa-sagha kI vyavasthA sucAru rUpa se cale, isake

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210 : jaina AcAra lie daNDavyavasthA Avazyaka hai| kisI bhI vyavasthA ke lie cAra bAtoM kA vicAra Avazyaka mAnA jAtA hai: 1. utsarga, 2. apavAda, 3. doSa, 4. prAyazcitta / kisI viSaya kA sAmAnya athavA mukhya vidhAna utsarga kahalAtA hai| vizeSa athavA gauNa vidhAna kA nAma apavAda hai| utsarga athavA apavAda kA bhaMga dopa kahalAtA hai| doSa se sambandhita daNDa ko prAyazcitta kahate hai| prAyazcitta se lage hue doSoM kI zuddhi hone ke sAtha hI sAtha naye doSoM kI bhI kamI hotI jAtI hai| yahI prAyazcitta kI upayogitA hai| yadi prAyazcitta se na to lage hue doSoM kI zuddhi ho aura na naye doSo kI kamI to vaha nirarthaka hai-nirupayogI hai| jItakalpa sUtra me nirgrantha-nigraMthiyoM ke lie dasa prakAra ke prAyazcitta kI vyavasthA kI gaI hai : 1 AlocanA, 2 pratikramaNa, 3. ubhaya, 4. viveka, 5. vyutsarga, 6. tapa, 7. cheda, 8. mUla, 9. anavasthApya, 10. pArAMcika / ina dasa prakAro meM se antima do prakAra caturdazapUrvadhara (prathama bhadrabAhu ) taka hI vidyamAna rahe / tadanantara unakA viccheda ho gayA-vyavahAra baMda ho gyaa| mUlAcAra ke paMcAcAra nAmaka paMcama adhikAra me bhI prAyazcitta ke dasa hI prakAra batAye gaye haiN| uname antima do ke sivAya sava nAma vahI haiM jo jItakalpa me haiM / antima do prakAra parihAra va zraddhAna ke rUpa me haiN| sabhavata. antima do prAyazcitto kA vyavahAra baMda ho jAne ke kAraNa yaha antara ho gayA ho|| AhArAdigrahaNa, vahinirgama, malotsarga Adi pravRttiyo me

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zramaNa saMgha : 211 lagane vAle doSo ko zuddhi ke lie AlocanArUpa prAyazcitta kA sevana kiyA jAtA hai / AlocanA kA artha hai sakheda aparAdhasvIkArokti / pramAda, AzAtanA, avinaya, hAsya, vikathA, kandarpa Adi doSo ko zuddhi ke lie pratikramaNarUpa prAyazcitta kA sevana kiyA jAtA hai / pratikramaNa kA artha hai duSkRta ko mithyA karanA arthAt kiye hue aparAdho se pIche haTanA | anAtmavazatA, duzcintana, durbhArpaNa, duzceSTA Adi aneka aparAdha AlocanA va pratikramaNa ubhaya ke yogya 1 azuddha AhAra Adi kA tyAga karanA viveka prAyazcitta kahalAtA hai / viveka kA artha hai azuddha bhaktAdi kA vicArapUrvaka parihAra / gamanAgamana, zruta, svapna Adi se sambandhita doSo kI zuddhi - ke lie vyutsarga arthAt kAyotsarga kiyA jAtA / kAyotsarga kA artha hai zarIra kI mamatA kA tyAga / jJAnAticAra Adi vibhinna aparAdho kI zuddhi ke lie ekAzana, upavAsa, SaSThabhakta, aSTamabhakta Adi tapasyAo kA sevana - kiyA jAtA hai / isI kA nAma tapa prAyazcitta hai / cheda kA artha hai dIkSAparyAya me kamI / isa prAyazcitta me vibhinna aparAdho ke lie dIkSAvasthA me vibhinna samaya kI kamI kara dI jAtI hai / isa kamI se aparAdhI zramaNa kA sthAna saMgha me apekSAkRta nIcA ho jAtA hai / jo tapa ke garva se unmatta hai athavA tapa ke lie sarvathA ayogya hai, jisakI tapa para tanika

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212 : jaina AcAra bhI zraddhA nahI hai athavA jisakA tapa se damana karanA ati kaThina hai usake lie cheda prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| pacendriyaghAta, maithunapratisevana Adi aparAdho ke lie mUla prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| mUla kA artha hai aparAdhI kI pUrva pravrajyA ko bhUlata samApta kara use punadokSita karanA arthAt naI dIkSA denaa| tIvra krodhAdi se praruSTa citta vAle ghora pariNAmI zramaNa ke lie anavasthApya prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| anavasthApya kA artha hai aparAdhI ko turanta naI dIkSAna dekara amuka prakAra kI tapasyA karane ke bAda hI punaH dIkSita karanA / pArAcika prAyazcitta dene kA artha hai aparAdhI ko hamezA ke lie saMva se bAhara nikAla denA / tIrthaMkara, pravacana, AcArya, gaNadhara Adi kI abhinivezavaza punaH- puna. AzAtanA karane vAlA pArAMcika prAyazcitta kA adhikArI hotA hai| use zramaNasagha se sthAyIrUpa se bahiSkRta kara diyA jAtA hai| kisI bhI avasthA meM use punaH pravrajyA pradAna nahIM kI jaatii| bRhatkalpa ke caturtha uddeza me duSTa evaM pramatta zramaNa ke lie pArAMcika prAyazcitta kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai tathA sArmikastainya, anyadhArmikastainya evaM muSTiprahAra ke lie anavasthApya prAyazcitta kI vyavasthA kI gayI hai| nizItha sUtra me cAra prakAra ke prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai : gurumAsika, laghumAsika, gurucAturmAsika aura laghucAturmAsika / yahA~ gurumAsa athavA mAsaguru kA artha upavAsa tathA ladhumAsa

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zramaNa-sava : 213 athavA mAsalaghu kA artha ekAzana arthAt ardha-upavAsa samajhanA caahie| isa prakAra gurumAsika Adi tapa-prAyazcitta ke hI bheda haiN| aMgAdAna kA mardana karanA, aMgAdAna ke Upara kI tvacA dUra karanA, aMgAdAna ko nalI me DAlanA, puSpAdi sUcanA, pAtra Adi dUsaro se sApha karavAnA, sadopa AhAra kA upayoga karanA Adi kriyAeM gurumAsika prAyazcitta ke yogya haiM / dArudaNDa kA pAdaprochana banAnA, pAnI nikalane ke lie nAlI banAnA, dAnAdi lene ke pUrva athavA pazcAt dAtA kii| prazasA karanA, niSkAraNa paricita gharo me praveza karanA, anyatIrthika athavA gRhastha kI sagati karanA, zayyAtara arthAt apane Thaharane ke makAna ke mAlika ke yahA~ kA AhAra-pAnI grahaNa karanA Adi kriyAeM laghumAsika prAyazcitta ke yogya haiN| strI athavA puruSa se maithunasevana ke lie prArthanA karanA, maithunecchA se hastakarma karanA, nagna honA, nirlajja vacana bolanA, premapatra likhanA, gudA athavA yoni meM liMga DAlanA, stana Adi hAtha me pakar3a kara hilAnA athavA masalanA, pazu-pakSI ko strIrUpa athavA puruSarUpa mAnakara unakA AliMgana karanA, maithunecchA se kisI ko AhArAdi denA, AcArya kI avajJA karanA, lAbhAlAbha kA nimitta batAnA, kisI zramaNa-zramaNI ko bahakAnA, kisI dIkSArthI ko bhar3akAnA, ayogya ko dIkSA denA, acela hokara sacela ke sAtha rahanA athavA sacela hokara acela ke sAtha

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214 : jaina AcAra rahanA athavA acela hokara acela ke sAtha rahanA Adi kriyAeM gurucAturmAsika prAyazcitta ke yogya haiN| pratyAkhyAna kA bAra-bAra bhaga karanA, gRhastha ke vastra, pAtra, zayyA Adi kA upayoga karanA, prathama prahara me grahaNa kiyA huA AhAra caturtha prahara taka rakhanA, ardhayojana arthAt do kosa se Age jAkara AhAra lAnA, virecana lenA athavA auSadhi kA sevana karanA, zithilAcArI ko namaskAra karanA, vATikA Adi sArvajanika sthAno me TaTTI-pezAba DAla kara gaMdagI karanA, gRhastha Adi ko AhAra-pAnI denA, dampati ke zayanAgAra me praveza karanA, samAna AcAravAle nirgantha-nirgranthI ko sthAna Adi kI 'suvidhA na denA, gIta gAnA, vAdyayantra bajAnA, nRtya karanA, asvAdhyAya ke kAla meM svAdhyAya karanA athavA svAdhyAya ke kAla me svAdhyAya na karanA, ayogya ko zAstra par3hAnA athavA yogya ko zAstra na paDhAnA, anyatIrthika athavA gRhastha ko par3hAnA athavA usase paDhanA Adi kriyAeM laghucAturmAsika prAyazcitta ke yogya haiN| nizItha sUtra ke antima uddeza me sakapaTa AlocanA ke lie niSkapaTa AlocanA se ekamAsikI atirikta prAyazcitta kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai tathA prAyazcitta karate hue puna: doSa lagane para vizeSa prAyazcitta kI vyavasthA kI gaI hai| vyavahAra sUtra ke prathama uddeza me bhI isa viSaya para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| kahI-kahI aisA bhI dekhane me AtA hai ki eka hI prakAra ke doSa ke lie bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke prAyazcitta niyata kiye gaye haiN|

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zramaNa-sagha : 215 isakA kAraNa paristhiti kI bhinnatA, aparAdhI kI bhAvanA evaM aparAdha kI tIvratA-maMdatA hai| Upara se samAna dikhAI dene vAle dopa meM paristhiti kI vizeSatA eva aparAdhI ke Azaya ke anurUpa tAratamya honA svAbhAvika hai| isI tAratamya ke anusAra aparAdha kI tIvratA-madatA kA nirNaya kara tadanurUpa daNDa-vyavasthA kI jAtI hai| ataH eka hI prakAra ke doSa ke lie bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke prAyazcitta dene meM kisI prakAra kA virodha nahI hai| ___sAmAnyatayA prAyazcitta pradAna karane kA adhikAra AcArya ko hotA hai| paristhitivizeSa ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue anya adhikArI bhI isa adhikAra kA upayoga kara sakate haiN| aparAdhavizeSa athavA aparAdhIvizeSa ko dRSTi meM rakhate hae sampUrNa saMgha bhI etadviSayaka Avazyaka kAryavAhI kara sakatA hai| isa prakAra prAyazcitta dene kA athavA prAyazcitta ke nirNaya kA kArya paristhiti, aparAdha evaM aparAdhI ko dRSTi meM rakhate hue AcArya, anya koI padAdhikArI athavA sakala zramaNa-sagha sampanna karatA hai|

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grantha-sUcI anagAra-dharmAmRta (svopajJa TIkAsahita), AzAdhara, mANika__ candra digambara jaina graMthamAlA, bambaI, 1919. anuprekSA ( kArtikeyAnuprekSA ), kArtikeya athavA kumAra, rAjacandra jaina zAstramAlA, agAsa ( ANaMda ), 1960. ___AcArAMga ( niyukti va zIlAkakRta TIkAsahita ), Agamodaya samiti, mehasAnA, 1916. _ AcArAMga sUtra, guja0 anu0--ravajI bhAI devarAja, jaina priMTiMga presa, ahamadAbAda, 1602. __ AcArAMga sUtra ( prathama zrutaskaMdha ), guja0 anu0-saubhAgyacandrajI mahArAja, mahAvIra sAhitya prakAzana maMdira, ahamadAvAda. AdipurANa ( mahApurANa bhA0 2), jinasena, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI, 1951. Avazyaka ( haribhadrakRta TIkAsahita ), Agamodaya samiti, mehasAnA, 1916. uttarAdhyayana,jIvarAja ghelAbhAI dozI, ahamadAvAda,1935. upAsakadazAga ( abhayadevakRta TIkAsahita ), Agamodaya samiti, mehasAnA, 1920. kamagratha-1-4, devendrasari. AtmAnada jaina graMthamAlA. bhAvanagara, 1934. kalpasUtra, sArAbhAI maNilAla navAva, ahamadAbAda,1952.

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218: jaina AcAra guNasthAna kramAroha, ratnazekharasUri, jainadharmaM prasAraka sabhA, bhAvanagara. gRhastha dharma, muni phUlacandra 'zramaNa', jaina zikSA niketana, hoziyArapura, 1963. cAritraprAbhRta ( SaTprAbhRtAdisaMgraha ), kundakunda, mANikacandra digambara jaina graMthamAlA, bambaI, 1920. jItakalpa ( svopajJa bhASyasahita ), jinabhadra, babalacandra kezavalAla modI, ahamadAbAda, vi0 saM0 1994 jaina dRSTi yoga, motIcaMda giridharalAla kApar3iyA, mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, bambaI, 1954 tatvArthasUtra, umAsvAti, bhArata jaina mahAmaMDala, vardhA, 1952 darzana aura ciMtana, pa0 sukhalAlajI, gujarAta vidyAsabhA, ahamadAbAda, 1957. dazavaikAlika ( haribhadrakRta TIkAsahita ), devacandra lAlabhAI jaina graMthamAlA, bambaI, 1918. dazAzrutaskaMdha ( niryukti va cUrNisahita ), paMnyAsa maNivijaya gaNivara graMthamAlA, bhAvanagara, vi0 saM0 2011. nizItha ( bhASya va cUrNisahita ), sanmati jJAnapITha, AgarA, 1957-1960. pacapratikramaNa, AtmAnaMda jaina pustaka pracAraka maMDala, AgarA, 1921 pAkSikasUtra, manasukhalAla nAgaracada, bhAvanagara, vi0 saM0 1990.

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grantha-sUcI : 219 piMDaniyukti, devacandra lAlabhAI jaina graMthamAlA, bambaI, 1918. vRhatkalpa (bhASya va malayagiri-kSemakIrtikRta TIkAsahita), AtmAnaMda jainasabhA, bhAvanagara, 1933-1942. bhagavatI ( vyAkhyAprajJapti ), Agamodaya samiti, mehasAnA, 1918-21. majjhimanikAya, anu0 rAhula sAMkRtyAyana, mahAbodhi sabhA, sAranAtha; 1933. mahAnizItha, muni puNyavijayajI kI hastalikhita prati. mahAvIrasvAmono AcAradharma, gopAladAsa jIvAbhAI paTela, navajIvana kAryAlaya, ahamadAbAda, vi0 saM0 1992. mUlAcAra ( vasunadikRta TIkAsahita ); vaTTakera, mANikacandra digambara jaina graMthamAlA, bambaI, vi0 saM0 1977-1980. mUlArAdhanA ( aparAjita va AzAdharakRta TIkAoM, amitagatikRta zlokoM tathA hindI TIkAsahita ), zivakoTi, sakhArAma nemacaMda digambara jaina granthamAlA, solApura, 1935. yogadRSTisamuccaya, haribhadrasUri, devacaMda lAlabhAI jaina graMthamAlA, bambaI, 1913 yogavAsiSTha, acyuta grathamAlA, kAzI yogasUtra, patajali, bambaI, 1917. ratnakaraMDa-zrAvakAcAra ( prabhAcandrakRta TIkAsahita ), samantabhadra, mANikacandra digambara jaina grathamAlA, bambaI, 1926. vasunandi-zrAvakAcAra (hindI anuvAdasahita ), vasunandi, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kAzI, 1952

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220 : jaina AcAra vyavahAra (bhASya va salayagirikRta TIkAsahita ), kezavalAla premacaMda, ahamadAbAda, 1926-1928. zramaNa-sUtra, upAdhyAya amaramuni, sanmati jJAnapITha, AgarA, vi0 saM0 2007. zrAvaka-dharma, mahAsatI ujjvalakumArIjI, sanmati jJAnapITha, AgarA, 1954 sAgAra-dharmAmRta ( svopajJa TIkAsahita ),AzAdhara, mANikacandra digambara jaina graMthamAlA, bambaI, 1617. Development of Moral Philosophy in India, Surama Dasgupta, Orient Longmans, Calcutta, 1961 Doctrine of Karman in Jain Philosophy, H. von Glasenapp, Virbat Jivanlal Fund, Bombay, 1942. History of Jaina Monachism, S. B Deo, Deccan College, Poona, 1956, Jaina Monastic Jurisprudence, S. B. Deo, Jain Cultural Research Society, Banaras, 1960. Jaina Yoga, R Williams, Oxford University Press, London, 1963. Outlines of Karma in Jainism, Mohan Lal Mehta, Jain Mission Society, Bangalore, 1954, Sacred Books of the East, Vol 22, Hermann Jacobi, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1884.

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aMga agAdAna agAra * aMgArakarma agArAdidopa agochA ataragRha atarAya akAraNa akiMcana akheda aghAtI acitta kreel acelaka acelakatva acaurya ajina ajJAnamaraNa praNuvrata aNuvratI a anukramaNikA aticAra atithisa vibhAga atibhAra adataghAvana adattAdAna adattAdAna - viramaNa 12,40 66 71,78, 174 106 175 107 64 18,78 174 141 41 18 170 153 156,166 70,72,142, 157 95 78 122 33,75,77,85,113 83 J 59 71, 142 138 139 adveSa 31 adhikaraNa 63 adhodizA - parimANa atikramaNa 105 173 72 adhyavapUraka adhra uva adhvagamana anaMgakrIDA anagAra-varmAmRta anagAra-bhAvanA anarthadaDa anarthadaDa- viramaNa anavasthApya anAgAmI * 89 - 117 anAsakta anivAryatAvAda anivRtti guNasthAna 70 111 111 64,70,210, 212 39 141 16 36 63 ee 77

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222 : jaina AcAra 117 117 174 . 117. 117 manivRtti-bAdara-guNasthAna 36 apunarAvRtti-sthAna manivRtti-bAdara-saparAya 36 apUrvakaraNa aniSTa-sayoga 111 apekSAvAda anisRSTa 173 apratilekhita-duSpratilekhita anIzvaravAda 15 uccAraprastravaNabhUmi anukaMpA 62 apratilekhita-duSpratilekhita manuprekSA 19,78,186 zayyAsastAraka apramatta-saMyata manubhAga-vadha 17 apramANa anumatityAga 75, 130 apramANita-duSpramANita . anekAMtavAda 8, 23 uccAraprastravaNabhUmi annapAnanirodha apramArjita-duSpramANita annikAputra zayyAsastAraka anyatva avahuvAdI anyonyakriyA 57 avAghAkAla apakvAhAra 107 abhiSekA apadhyAnAcaraNa abhihata aparAjitasUri 73 atyAna aparigRhItA-gamana 99 abhAvakAza aparigraha 13, 21 amRpAvAda aparigrahavAda amaithuna aparigrahmata 141 bayogi-kevalI pariNata 174 arahA sapavAda 210 apazcima-mAraNAntika ariSTanemi galleganA 120 nalAvU 72 207 111 15

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avagraha avagrahapaTTaka avagrahapratimA avagrahAnataka avasthA avasthita karaNa avijJapti avirata - samyagdRSTi avedyasaMvedya azana azaraNa azikSita azubhatva azvinI aSTamabhakta aSTAga asatojanapoSaNatAkarma asamAdhisthAna asteya asteyavrata asthi asnAna asra asvAdhyAya ahiMsA ahiMsAvAda 63, 183 ahiMsAvrata 162 ahorAtrikI 56 162 38 AgArI 115 AkheTa 13 AcAra 33 AcAracUDA 44 AcAracUlikA 165 AcAradazA 72 AcAra-prakalpa 65 AcAra - praNidhi 72 AcArAga 76 AcArAna 188, 186 AcArya 13 106 13,22,15 AgamanagRha 62 Acchedya AjIva 139 Ataka 78 acelakya 78 68 8,13,21 15 AtmaghAta 71,142 - AtmavAda anukramaNikA : 223 86 161 AtmavikAsa AtmahatyA AtmA AdhAkarma A 182 83 76 5 52 52 62 pUr 50. 51,70,73, 52 65,71,200, 201; 202,203,204,215 73 173 173 167 121 20 12 122 20 172

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224 : jaina AcAra 13, 42 ho Ananda 58,124 Asakti 23, 141 AnaprANaparyApti 72 Asana Anayanaprayoga 116 AsikA 71 mAnupUrvI 16 mAnava 17, 16, 72 ApaNagRha AhAra 63,68,73,165,166 ApRcchanA 184 AhAraparyApti 72 ApRcchA 71 AhArazuddhi 78, 174 AbharaNa 107 AyatisthAna 63 idramahotsava 68 AyAma 189 idriyaparyApti 72 Ayu 18 icchAkAra 71, 184 ArambhatyAga 75 icchAniyantraNa 101 ArambhatyAgapratimA 127 icchA-parimANa 101 ArAdhaka 190 icchA-maryAdA 101 mArtadhyAna 111 icchA-svAtantrya AyakSetra itvarika-parigRhItA-gamana AryA 71 iSTaviyoga AyikA-saMgati 73 ihalokAzasAprayoga mAlocanA 69, 70, 73, 210, 211, 214 IyA yAvaMtI 52, 54 IryApatha Avazyaka 61, 70, 142, 186 Izvara nAvazcita 184 jAgAtanA 62 uccAramantravaNa 73, 76, 84 uccArabhami ekhn 10 ujkSanaguddhi 16 I ha

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uttaraguNa uttaramImAsA utpAdana utpAdanadopa utsarga utsvedima udaya udumbara udgama udgama-dopa uddiSTatyAga uddiSTabhaktatyAgapratimA udbhinna udyoga unmizra upakaraNa upadhAna upadhAnazruta upaniSad upabhoga upayoga upavAsa 71 78, 172, 175 210 upAdhyAya 189 upAdhyAyA 17 upAnat 76 71 78, 172, 175 75 upabhogaparibhoga- parimANa upabhogaparibhogAtirikta 85 8 upazAnta-kaSAya upazAnta moha 128 173 108 174 68, 164 56, 69, 151 52, 55, 151 106 106 112 20 upasapat upasaMpadA upasarga upAdhi 212 36 - 36 upAzraya upAsaka anukramaNikA : 225 71 184 167 73 71 207 107, 200, 202, 203, 204 63, 64, 178 upAsakadazAga upAsaka - pratimA ubhaya RSabha UrdhvadizA- parimANa atikramaNa ekacArI ekatva ekabhakta ekala-vihArI ekavastradhArI 33, 58, 83 58, 85 62, 124 70, 210, 211 ekAta vihArI ekAzana U R e 105 63 166 72 71, 142, 175 65, 166 160 199 213

Page #240
226 ; jaina AcAra epaNa 71 11,15 D airAvatI ailaka 13,14 130 karma karmakADI karmapatha karmabaMdha karmamukti karmavAda karmAdAna oghadRSTi odana 11,16 14 108 107 kalpa 63 64,158 172 audArika auddezika auNika aupadha auSTrika kalpasUtra kalpasthiti kaSAya kaSAyavijaya . kAjI va 8 6 mr 186 al kAtA . x V kaMda kaMdarpa kavala phuDa FREE kuTakolika kaca 75 kAtAdaSTi 112 kAmadeva 165 kAmabhoga-tIvrAbhilASA 99 78 kAmabhogAzaMsAprayoga kAyaduSpraNidhAna 78 kAyotsarga 61,72,143,147, 186,211 162 71 kArmaNa kAlAtikramaNa 74 164 kupya 21 kupya-parimANa-anikramaNa 104 kAraNa 16 119 Rcit karaNAnuyoga pharapAya kASTha 176

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anukramaNikA : 227 64 65 kogikA 200,201 kulAcArya 201 gaMgA kuzIla 69 gaccha 65, 66, 200 kUTatola-kUTamAna 66 gacchAcArya 200 kUTa-lekhakaraNa 94 gacchAdhipati keza 190 gajasukumAra 74 kegavANijya 109 gaNa 200, 201 64 gaNaghara 201 kotkucya 112 gaNAcArya 201 krIta 172 gaNAvacchedaka 200, 202, krodha 173 204, 205 klova gaNAvacchedinI 207 kSatriya gaNinI 207 sapaNa gaNisaMpadA kSamAyAcanA gaNo 202, 205 kSitizayana 71,142 gavepaNA 172, 173 kSINa kapAya 37 gota 68 ghoNa-moha 37 guNagata 75, 77, 85 kSullaga 130 104, 113 zullikAcAra-gAyA guNasthAna 26, 30, 38,72 103 guNo saMgamAnu-parimANa-atikramaNa 104 gudA viddhi 105 gupti 11. gurucAturmAlika 66, 212.214 10 56 6,262,13

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228 : jaina AcAra / gRddhi 106 63 21 71 173 23 paraNAnuyoga gRhastha gRhastha-dharma 85 caryA 83, 84 gRhasthAzrama 10 cAturmAna gRho cAra gocchaka 162 pArita 16, 26 gotra 18 pAriza-mohanIya granthi 141 cAriyAcAra graMthibheda 33, 42 citana 31, 186 grahaNeSaNA 172, 174 cikitsA grAsapaNA 174 cittasamAdhisthAna grISma 200, 201 citrakarma cilAtaputra ghaTImAtraka cilimilikA 164 ghaDA 164 culanIpitA ghAtI cullazataka 173 corI cadana 71 caturdazapUrvadhara 210 chadanA caturthabhakta 184 188 174 caturmAsikI 161 chaviccheda 86 caturvastradhArI 160 cheda 61,70,210,211 caturvizatistava 61, 143, 144 chedasUtra caturvizastava 72 chedopasthApanoyasaMyatakalpasthiti 64, catuSpada 158 18 ghRta 107 cUrNa 107 chadana chadita

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anukramaNikA : 229 42 71 66 76 tarka tadulodaka 186 jala 107 tatpratirUpaka-tryavahAra jAgika 162 tathAkAra jijJAsA 71,184 tathyetikAra 184 jinakalpasthiti 64,158 tapa 70,168,210,211 jinakalpika 166,166,208 / tapaAcAra jinadAsagaNi tapazuddhi jinapUjA tapasyA jinapratimAnirmANa jinapratimAsthApana taskaraprayoga 76 tArA binmHmsi 66 jinabhavana nirmANa tArAdRSTi jinAbhiSeka 76 tAlapralaba jItakalpa 66,73,131,210 tirITapaTTaka 162 tiyaMgadigA-parimANa-atikramaNa105 jItanyavahAra tilodaka / 186 jIvitAzamAprayoga tucchopapinakSaNa 107 tupodaka 16 jaina 8,15,28 tRtIya gupta-ahogamikI 161 14 107 sAtaputra taMjama 16 11.20 nimAmiyo jAnAdi nirI 76 123 mana anAcAra tela mAna mAnA 18 pAyA

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230 * jaina AdhAra 6 G Wn n 0 0 n n 0 6 C 76 daDagAsya 66 duSpA pAra 107 daMtavANijya 106 dutI 173 dAtIra 163 dRSTi 21,40 darzana devagupta dargana-pratimA 126 degavigna dagaMna-mohanIya 31 degavirata-mamyagdRSTi darganAcAra degavirati darganAvaraNIya dezamaMyatI dagavidhakalpa dezanayamo dazavakAlika dezAvakAzika dagAyataskaMgha dehamamatvatyAga dAtA doSa 172, 210 dAna dAnaphala dravyakarma dAyaka 174 dravyAnuyoga dAvAgnidAnakarma 106 drumapuSpita digavara 85, 130, 142, 186 dvAdazAnuprekSA dinacaryA 183 dvArapAlI divAbhojana 175 hicatuSpada-parimANadizAparimANa 105 atikramaNa 104 dIkSA dvitIya sapta-ahorAtrikI 191 dopa dIprA dvimAsiko dIprAdRSTi 43 dvivastradhArI durjanasagati dha 64 dhadhA 108 yUta 76 76 __ . 15 207 106 07 dvipada 103 duSTa

Page #245
anukramaNikA : 231 ghata 18 dharmakathA 103 namaskAra 73 dhanadhAnyaparimANa nAma atikramaNa 104 nAva 177 dharma 5, 6, 16, 72, 76, 78 nikSipta 174 186 nityabhojI 188,186 dhacitA 166 nidAna 111 dharmaghoSa 74 nidrA 185 dharmadhyAna 111 nimitta 173 varmaprajJapti 124 niyativAda dharmazAstra 6 niyama 13,41 dharmAnusArI 36 niyamapratimA 127 dhAtu 164 nirodha 70,142 vAtrI 173 nirguNa brahmasthiti dhAnya 103 nigraMtha 141 dhAraNA 13,45 nirgaliMga 52,55 nigraMtho-sagha 206 dhUpa 107 nirjarA 18,16,72 dhUpa-dopa nilAMchanakarma dhUma 71,78,174 15, 38 dhyAna 11,13,46,73,111, nirvizamAnakalpasthiti 64,158 148,185 vyAnazuddhi 72 niviSTakAyikakalpasthiti 64,158 nivRtti-guNasthAna nizItha 56,66,212 nadinIpitA 56 nipIdhikA nakha 78 niSedhikA 71 mr 9 dhUta 107 106 nirvANa ta

Page #246
032 jaina AdhAra nipaTa 1 . niSThA 66 nemicaMdra naitikatA napedhiko naiSThika naukAvihAra nyAya-vaizepika 75 102 16 U 65 paralo 14 paralokAtAzyoga 123 pavivArapharaNa 69 paravyapadA 116 5 parA 40 184 parAvRSTi 76,84 parigraha 22, 102, 140 177 parigrahatyAga 13 parigrahatyAgapratimA 128 parigrahaparimiti parigrahaviramaNa 76 paricAraka 70 pariNamanazIla parityAgazuddhi 72 120,165 paribhoga 106 parivartanA 186 63 parivartita parihArakalpa 176,178 parISahajaya 16, 78 65 paropakAra paryApti 57 paryupaNA 62, 160 76 paryupaNAkalpa 62, 184, 187 pala 78 16 pAkSika 76, 84 16 pANipAtra 176, 186 107 172 pacamAsikI paMcamI pacAcAra paTaka paDitamaraNa pakvAnna pakSa paTTA padayAtrA padavI padavIdhArI parakriyA paradArasevana paramAtmapada paramAtmA paramezvara 162 64

Page #247
pAtaMjala yogasUtra pAtra pAtradhArI pAtraiSaNA pAdaprochana pAna pAnI pApakarmopadeza pApasthAnaka 66 pArAcika 64, 70210, 212 pArzva 63 pAlI piDhadoSa piDavizuddhi piMDazuddhi piMDapaNA picchikA pihita pITha pudgalaprakSepa punarAvartana punarjanma pulAkabhakta pustaka pUjA 36 162, 164, 165 186 56 165 165 107 potaka 111 ptikarma 207 78, 174 78, 174 pUya pUrvapazcAtsastava pUrvamomAsA pRcchanA pRSTa peya paudgalika paurANika poSava pauSadhapratimA pauSadhopavAsa pauSadhopavAsa anukramaNikA : 233 70 56, 60 72, 73 174 165 116 pratigraha 186 pratipatti 15 pratipRcchanA samyagananupAlanatA prakRti- bagha pratikramaNa 64 166 76 172 pratizrayapAlI 78 173 8 186 14 107 162 21 15 75 127 116 117 17, 18 61, 70, 72, 131, 143, 146, 186, 210, 211 162 46 188 pratipRcchA 71 pratimA 75,83,84,124, 160 pratilekhana 72,73,157, 186 207

Page #248
204 : na jANAra pratihA patyAnpAna 6802, 183, pratyAra prathama napna ahorAtrako prathamAnuyoga praveza-vadha pradhAnAcArya pramatta pramatta-nayata pramANa pramAdAcaraNa prabhA prabhAdRSTi prayoga pravartaka pravartinI pravRtti pravrajyA prabhAtavAhitA prANapratyaya prANAtipAta viramaNa prANAyAma prANidayA prAtihArika prAduSkaraNa prAbhRtikA 3c1 88 13, 84 191 74 ? 3 201 S/ 34 71, 78 111 80 46 14 202, 204, 205 201, 207 47 prada prAyazcita premapatra prepayoga 13, parityAgapatimA phaTa pharaka phUla vagha bA valAdRSTi vAdara-namparAya bAladIkSA bAlamaraNa 64, 65,206 bIja 1 66,69, 77 * 210, $2 65 126 47 1 6 137 vogha 43 vodhi 168 vauddha 183 172 172 brahmacaryapratimA vRhatkalpa vRhatpratyAkhyAna brahmacarya pha va 1 yare 78, 107 265 3w' 17,16,83 80 42 36 36 122,195 78 63,73 70 20 72 8, 38 13, 52, 75, 136, 167 127

Page #249
brahmacaryavrata brahmacaryAzrama brahmApAya brAhmaNa bhakti bhagavatI ArAdhanA bhadra bhadrapratimA bhadrabAhu bhAgika bhAu bhATakakarma bhAva - karma bhAvanA bhApAjAta bhASAparyApti bhikSA bhikSAcaryA bhikSAzuddhi bhikSu bhikSuNI bhikSupratimA bhUtamahotsava bha bhUmikA bhepaja 140 10 64 10, 56 11 73 69 195 62,74, 210 72 186 185 72 56, 135, 160 160 62, 66, 190 68 bhoktA 38 165 majana matra maMtra-tatra majjhimanikAya 162 mamatva 164 mayUrapiccha 109 maraNa 15 maraNAzasA prayoga 31, 57, 73, 137 56 madya madhu mana paryApti manoduSpraNidhAna anukramaNikA : 235 21 mala mahattamA mahattarA mahAcArakathA mahAnizItha mahAparijJA mahAbhadra - pratimA mahAyAna mahAvIra mahAvIra carita ma 107 173 68, 61 39 75, 76 75 72 115 141 158 73, 195 123 78 207 207 60 56,63,151, 52, 55 165 8 187 62 mahAvrata 34,70,73,135,142 mahAzataka 59

Page #250
236 : jaina bhAcAra 116 173 120 mahI mAga mAtmayaM mAnikA madhuraka mAna mAyA mArgaNAsthAna mAlApahRta mAsakalpa mAmaguru mAsalaghu mAmikI miTTI mitrA mitrAdRSTi mithyAkAra mithyAtva mithyAdRSTi mizrajAta mizradRSTi mImAmA mujacippaka mukti mukhavAsa muSTiprahAra 64 mA 22 75,76 mUla 80,78,210,212 manakAma 1.4 164 gUlaguNa 70,85,141 107 malAcAra 173 mUlArAdhanA mRtavimalanika mRtamaMmbhAra mRtyu mapA-upadeza 66,212 mRpAvAda 66,213 mRpAvAdI 161 meghAvI maithuna 64,67,139 40 maithunecchA 75,213 maithunaviramaNa 71,184 mokSa 15,18, 6 36 moha 31 mohanIya 172 monoya-sthAna mohazakti 7,13,46 maukharya 112 163 prakSita 15,38 107 yatrapIDanakarma 64 yakSamahotsava m Mur m 32 174 ya 0 .

Page #251
161 anukramaNikA : 237 yakSasena 66 rAjyAdiviruddha-karma yathAsavibhAga 117 rAtnika 204 yama 13, 41 rAtrikI yamunA 64 rAtribhakta yavamadhya-pratimA 66, 164 rAtribhuktityAga 75, 130 yavodaka 186 rAtribhojana yazovardhana 69 rAtri-bhojana-viramaNa 141 yuvAcArya 65 rUpa yoga 8,11,13,16, 36, 173 rUpAnupAta yogadarzana 13 rogaciMtA 111 yogadRSTi 36, 40 rohiNI yogadRSTisamuccaya 40 raudradhyAna 57 76 111 yogavAsiSTha 66, 212 66, 212 66, 212, 213 106 155 67 yogavidyA laghucAturmAsika yoni laghumAsa laghumAsika rakSA lAkSAvANijya rajohara 63, 162, lADha rativAkya liMga ratnakaraDaka-zrAvakAcAra 74 liMgakalpa ratnAdhika 204, 205 liMgazuddhi lipta rasavANijya 106 rasavikRti 188 lezyA rahasya-abhyAkhyAna 64 loka rAjyavyavasthA 65 lokavijaya 72, 157 72 ravigupta 174 107 lepa 52, 53

Page #252
238 : jaina AcAra 56 lona 60, 72 115 1.5 vacana 107 24 182 188, 186 155 lokagAra 52, 54 yamapaNA 70, 72, 73, vArapAdhi 142, 157, 160 vArapraNidhAna lobha 173 vAcanA vAdyayana vaMdana vAnaprasthAzrama 61, 145 vAhana vadanA 72, 143 viya lAdega vaccakacippaka vihAtagRha vajabhUmi vibhakta vanamadhya-pratimA 66, 164 vigaya vaTTakerAcArya vicAra vadha vijJapti vanakarma 106 videha-mukti vanIpaka 173 vidyA vinaya varpA 186 vinayanamAdhi varSARtu 200, 201 vimukti varSAvAsa 176, 187 vimokSa vasati 73, 178 virAdhaka vasatizuddhi 72 viviktacaryA vasunadi-zrAvakAcAra viveka vaMsunadI 70, 75 vizAkhagaNi 103 vipavANijya vastra 63, 64, 107, 153, visAhagaNi 162, 163, 165 vihAra 70 86 173 varNa 52, 55 190 70, 210, 211 bastu 106 73, 176

Page #253
anukramaNikA : 239 vihArazuddhi vIrya vIryAcAra vRkSamUla vRddhavAdI vedanIya vedAta vedyasavedya vezyA vaidika vaiyAvRtya vairAjya vaizya gAka 72 zavaladopa 62 20 zabda zabdAnupAta 182 zayyaMbhava zayyA 165, 178 18 rAyyAtara 183 8, 12, 13 zayyAsana 107 zayyA-sastAraka 76 zayyaiSaNA 8, 38 zarIraparyApti 73, 166, 208 zalya 63 zastraparijJA 52, 53 107 108 zATaka 153 64, 66, 73, 74 ziznAvrata 75, 77, 85, 113 76, 77 zikSita 108 zivakoTi 70, 210, 211 zivArya 72 zItoSNIya 52, 53 56, 75, 76,83 zola 77, 136 126 zIlaguNa 70 zukladhyAna 111 zuddhivikaTa 186 78, 172, 174 zubhrabhUmi 175 zuzrUpA 109 zUdra 73 vyavasAya vyavahAra vyasana vyApAra vyutsarga vyutsRSTazarIra vrata vratapratimA vratazuddhi 73 zakita zakitAdidoSa zakaTakama

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240 : jaina zraddhA zramaNa zramaNa-dharma AcAra zramaNabhagavAn zramaNa-maMgha zramaNAcAra zramaNI zramaNopAsaka 6, 31 _34,71,135,151 zravaNa zrAddha zrAmaNyapUrvika zrAvaka zrAvakavarma zrAvakAcAra zvAsocchvAsaparyApti zvetAmbara paT- jIvanikAya padmAmikI paDAvazyaka paSTabhavana saMkSepapratyayAna maMdi saMgha saMpAcArya 33,58,77,83 75,83 75,83 pa 135 56 166 76,77 71 83 43 83 59 sa 72 85, 130, 143 60 161 70,78,142 188, 186 70 166 200,201 201 saMghATI saMthArA saMnyAsAzrama sabaMdhI saMbhogI sayama sayuktAdhikaraNa saMyojana sayojanA saMlekhanA savara savibhAga saMsAra saMstAraka saMsvedima maMhRta sakapaTa sakalAdeza macitta sacittatyAga macittatyAgapratimA macittanikSepa nacittapivAna 160 119,196 10 170 macitta- prativaddhAhAra macittAhAra 65 166 112 71,78 39,172,174 168,166 72 120, 165,166 189 174 65 24 170 75 16,72 171 127 116 116 107 107

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37 sabhikSu anukramaNikA : 241 sacelaka 156,166 sarayU sacelakatva 157 sarohradataDAgazoSaNatAkarma 106 satya 13,92 sarpadaMza 208 satyavrata sarva adattAdAna-viramaNa 135 sadeha-mukti sarvatomahAbhadra-pratimA 165 maddAlaputra sarvaparigraha-viramaNa 135,140 sanimaMtraNA 71 sarvaprANAtipAta-viramaNa 135,136 saptapAnaiSaNA-pratimA 195 sarvamRSAvAda-viramaNa 135 saptapiMDaipaNA-pratimA 165 sarvamaithuna-viramaNa 135,136 saptamAsikI 161 sarvavirata sakadAgAmI 36 sarvavirati 34 60 sallekhanA 73,75,77,116 samatabhadra 74 sahasA-abhyAkhyAna samayasAra 70 sAkhya samavasaraNa 64 sAsya-yoga samAcArI 183 sAgAra samAdhi 13,47,73 sAgAradharma 76 samAvimaraNa 75,120,195 sAgAra-varmAmRta 76,84 mamiti 19,70,142 sAgArikanizrA samyakcAritra 74,78 76,84 samyaktapa 78 sAdhana 83,84 samyaktva 36,52,54,77 sAdhu samyak-mithyAdRSTi 32 sAdhuvarga 200 samyagjAna 74,77 sAdhumasthA samyagdarzana 74,77 sAdhvI sayogi kevalI 37 sAdhvIvarga 200 64 ww sAdhaka 65,71

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242 : jaina sAdhvIsasyA sAnaka sApekSavAda sAmAcAra sAmAcArI sAmAyika AcAra 162,163 23 70 63, 183, 184 61,72,75,77, 113,143 126 sAmAyika pratimA sAmAyikasaMyata kalpa- sthiti 64, 158 sAlihIpitA 59 31 31 66 15 20 195 sAmAdana samyagdRSTi sAsvAdana- samyagdRSTi miTTamena siddhi sunva subhadra- pratimA surAdeva suvarNa sumaTa sUkSmavIya sUkSma-napadarAva sUtra nRt dinA sevA sonApana 78 103 66 45. 36 107 sauvIra skadamahotsava stenApahRta stanya sthavira 208 (2) sthavirakalpasthiti sthavirakalpika sthavirA sthavirAvalI sthUla adattAdAna- viramaNa 58 sthUla prANAtipAta viramaNa sthAna sthApanA sthiti-vadha sthitibhojana sthirA sthirAdRSTi 160,202,204,205 smRti smRtya karaNa smRtyantardhA svAt 64 syAhAra svadAra svadAra-matIpa sthUla mRpAvAda - viramaNa sphoTakakarma 186 68 96 64 64,158 166,208 207 63 56 172 17 71,142, 175 40 44 65 86 62 109 8, 13 115 105 23 23 24 67

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atuvrAmaNikA : 243 97 111 svadeha-parimANa svapati-matrabheda svapati-satopa svarUpamiddhi svAdima svAdhyAya svAdhyAyabhUmi 21 hastAma 64,66,67 4 hastarekhA 68 himApradAna 38 himA-virati 86 165 hiraNya 103 68,185,186 hiraNyasuvarNa-parimANa-atikramaNa 104 hInayAna hetuvAda 40,69 hemata 200,201 hna haribhadra