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M. A. MEHENDALE
the Kau. Br. 14.2 in this mode of recitation breathing in at the time of the pause between the verses is prohibited (tasmād anavānaṁ saṁkrämet).
The verb vihar- is used not only in the sense of separating the verses with a pause but also in the sense of separating them and intermingling them with other verses. In the Ait. Br. 6.24.5 we find: pacchaḥ prathamam şaḍ vālakhilyānāṁ sūktāni viharaty, ardharcaso dvitiyam, rksas trtiyam "First he transposes by Padas the six hymns of the Välakhilyäs, by half verses the second time, by verses the third time" (Keith). This kind of intertwining of verses is also referred to by viharati and vyatișajati in the Ait. Ar. In 5.1.6 we read nadam va odatīnām ity etayaitani vyatişajati padaiḥ pädän brhatīkäram "He intertwines these hymns with the verse nadam va odatīnām (RV. VIII.69.2) joining quarter-verse with quarterverse making them into brhati verses..." (Keith). The same mode of recitation is referred to earlier in the Aranyaka 1.3.5,8 as ta nadena viharati... tristubham cănustubham ca viharati. It is interesting to note that in this Aranyaka viharati is also used in the sense of "adding a syllable" in recitation. Thus in 1.3.7 we find nyünäkşare prathame pade viharati "He extends the first two verses, which are deficient, by a syllable" (Keith) which refers to the addition of the syllable pu to RV. 10.120.1 and 8.69.2. Similarly with reference to the addition of the syllables pu, ru, and sa to the first, second, and fourth quarters of a stanza we read in the Ait. Ar. 5.1.6 prathamayam ca purusaksarany upadadhāti, pădeşv ekaikam avasāne, tṛtiyavarjaṁ sa khalu viharati "He also inserts in the first stanza the syllables of the word puruşa, one in each quarter-verse at the end, save in the case of the third quarterverse" (Keith).
The close similarity between the Avestan use of viv/bar- and Skt. vihar- "separate, with pauses or with insertions of other verses" clearly shows that the two are etymologically related and that the latter should go back to viv/bhar-. For the change of bh>h in the Vedic period cf. Wackernagel, Altind. Gramm., 1, § 217-18. The fact that the Brahmanas have har- for earlier vbhar- is also shown by the following instances. In the Ait. Br. 1.28.35 we notice the use of har- while explaining a form with bhar- in the Vedic citation: sahasrambharáḥ śúcijihvo agnir ity esa ha va asya sahasrambharata yad enam ekam santam bahudha viharanti "Bearing a thousand, Agni, of pure tongue'
⚫For details cf. Aś. Śr. Su. 8.2.19-21, Haug, pp. 283-4, fn. 13 and Keith H.O.S., 25, p. 277, fn. 2. For similar use also cf. Ait. Br., 6.26.10; 28.3; 4.2.4 4.5 and Keith, p. 199, fn.3; also cf. Kau.Br. 30.4; 17.2-4.
Rv. 2.9.1.
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