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vicára (1955) by N. G. KALELKAR. It is a good example showing how a subject can be made easy when suitable examples are drawn from the language of those for whom the book is intended. Phonetic and Phonological Study of the Word in Urdu by Masud HUSAIN appeared this year (1955). Similar work on Bhojapuri by B. N. PRASAD and on Aspiration in Oriya by G. B. DHALL are awaiting publication. Though not in a book form I may mention here articles in Hindi on general phonetics like 'Varna-mimärhsä' and 'Varpa-uccarana' by Siddheshwar VARMA published in the Kalpana of Hyderabad.
On Hindi and its varieties some important books have appeared. I may mention here Dhirendra VARMA's work on Vraja-bhāṣā (1954), Baburam SAKSENA'S lectures on Dakkhini Hindi (1952), and U. N. TIWARI'S work on Bhojapuri Bhāzā aur Sahitya (1954), and Hindi Bhāṣā kā Udgama aur Vikäsa (1955).
A. K. PRIYOLKAR may be congratulated for having brought to light (1954) the hitherto unknown first Marathi Grammar written in Marathi by Marathi scholars. It was composed in about 1824 by KRAMAVANT, PHADAKE and GHAGAWE Shastris. An account of the Gujarati translation of this work by the same Shastris serving as the first Gujarati Grammar is given by K. B. VYAS in the Journal of the Gujarat Research Society, 17.287-299, 1955. PRIYOLKAR has also given us last year an English rendering of the Portuguese Grammatica Marasta, a book written by a missionary and first published in Rome in 1778 describing the dialect spoken round about Bombay. Linguistic Peculiarities of Jñanesvai was published by M. G. PANSE (1953) on the basis of a manuscript which in the opinion of the author is the oldest so far traced (A.D. 1350). A work written in old Gujarati or old western Rajasthani viz. Kanhadade Prabandha has been critically edited by K. B. VYAS (1955).
As regards books written in Indian languages on certain aspects of linguistics, I may mention Arthavijñāna (1951) in Hindi by Baburam SAKSENA, Sabda-ane Artha (1955) in Gujarati by Bhogilal SANDESARA, Sabda-Udgama va Vikäsa (1953) in Marathi by K. P. KULKARNI, Arthavijñāna ani Marathi Bhaga in Marathi by S. G. TULPULE and Usha POTDAR (GHATE) (in the Mahārāṣṭra Sahitya Patrika, 1953), Gujarāti par Arabi Phärasiyi Asar (1954) in Gujarati by C. R. NAIK, and Vägvyapära (1955) in Gujarati by H. C. BHAYANI. Though not in an Indian language I may mention here also Lectures in Linguistics by O. L. C. AGUILAR (1954).
In the field of Dravidian Linguistics I may refer to R. G. HARSHE'S authorised English translation (1954) of The Grammaticul Structure o
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