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जीवाधिकार
1- THE SOUL
The lower world consists of seven earths - Ratnaprabhā, Śarkarāprabhā, Vālukāprabhā, Pańkaprabhā, Dhūmaprabhā, Tamahprabhā and Mahātamahprabhā - one below the other, and surrounded by the three kinds of air and the space (ākāśa).
In these earths are the infernal-abodes (naraka), the dwellings of the infernal-beings (nāraki).
Ācārya Nemicandra's Dravyasamgraha:
समणा अमणा णेया पंचिंदिय णिम्मणा परे सव्वे । बादरसुहमेइंदी सव्वे पज्जत्त इदरा य ॥१२॥
पञ्चेन्द्रिय जीव संज्ञी और असंज्ञी ऐसे दो प्रकार के जानने चाहिए और दो-इन्द्रिय, तेइन्द्रिय, चौइन्द्रिय ये सब मनरहित (असंज्ञी) हैं। एकेन्द्रिय बादर
और सूक्ष्म दो प्रकार के हैं और ये पूर्वोक्त सातों पर्याप्तक तथा अपर्याप्तक के भेद से दो-दो प्रकार के हैं। इस प्रकार 14 जीवसमास हैं।
The five-sensed beings (jīva) are categorized as those with-mind (samjni), and those without-mind (asamjni). All other beings are
without-mind (asamjni). The one-sensed beings are categorized as gross1 (bādara), and subtle2 (suksma). All beings are further categorized as those having attained completion (paryāpta), and those not having attained completion (aparyāpta).
On the basis of their biological development, the beings (jīva) have been divided into fourteen classes, called jīvasamāsa or jīvasthāna:
1- Gross (bādara) name-karma (for one-sensed beings) produces a body
that is fettered by matter and, therefore, requires a substratum. 2- Subtle (suksma) name karma (for one-sensed beings) produces a body
that is unfettered by material things and does not hinder movement of other objects. Whole universe is the place for their existence.
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