Prabandhavali - Collection of Articles of Late Puranchand Nahar

Author(s): Puranchand Nahar
Publisher: Vijaysinh Nahar
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/035203/1

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belo *2lcloblo 'lo?lar313 phona : 0278-2425322 3004846

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prabandhAvalI [ svargAya pUra Nacanda nAhara ke lekhoM kA saMgraha | prakAzaka vijaya siMha nADhara -- kalakattA 1637

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prakAzakavijaya siMha nAhara 48 iNDiyana mirara sTroTa, kalakattA mudraka -- umAkAnta mizra vizva vinoda presa 48 iNDiyana mirara sTrITa kalakattA

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eka zabda svargIya pUjya pitAjI ke hRdaya meM apane hindI nibandhoM ke saMgraha ke prakAzana kI bAta bahuta pahale uThI thI, sahRdaya janoM ke anurodha aura preraNA se unhoMne prastuta 'prabandhAvA ke rUpa meM saMgraha chapAnA prArambha kara bhI diyA thaa| para 3-4 phArma hI chape the ki ve dakSiNa bhArata kI tIrtha-yAtrA ke liye cale gaye aura pravAsa se lauTane ke kucha hI dinoM bAda unakA dehAnta ho gayA, jisase 'prabandhAvalI kA kAma ekAeka Age bar3hane se ruka gayA / kAlagati se hAtha meM liyA huA jo kAma ve pUrA nahIM kara sake the, vaha maiM aba pUrA karanA apanA kartavya samajhatA huuN| na mujha meM pitAjI kI vidvattA hai, na lagana; ataH 'prabandhAvalI' meM jo kamiyA~ rahI hogI. tathA jo derI huI hai, usake liye vidvajanoM se maiM vinamra bhAva se kSamAprArthI huuN| 'prabandhAvalI' kI upayogitA para sammatiyA~ bheja kara, AzA hai, samIkSaka gaNa Age ke prakAzanoM ke liye merA utsAha baDhAyeMge / kalakattA. vijayasiMha nAhara ta0 1.11.37

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prAkathana hamAre deza ke vibhinna samAjoM aura sampradAyoM ke sAhitya, kalA aura sabhyatA ke viSaya meM jinhoMne thor3I bahuta bhI AlocanA kI hai, athavA sunI hai, ve yaha svIkAra kareMge ki jainiyoM kA prAcIna sAhitya atyanta zreSTha aura vizAla hai / yadyapi isa sAhitya kA adhikAMza bhAga prAkRta aura mAgadhI bhASA meM likhA gayA thA; kintu manISI vyakti jAnate haiM ki saMskRta meM bhI isa samAja dvArA racA huA sAhitya pracura mAtrA meM upalabdha hotA hai| tadatirikta rAjasthAnI, gujarAtI, hindI aura tAmila ityAdi bhASAoM meM bhI jo jaina-sAhitya milatA hai, vaha atyanta ucca zreNI kA hai| prAkRta ke liye suprasiddha vidvAn jaikobI ne eka bAra kahA thA ki yadi jaina-sAhitya nikAla leM to prAkRta meM kucha nahIM bcegaa| aura yahI bAta hAla hI meM gujarAtI aura rAjasthAnI ke bAre meM kahI gaI hai| bArahaveM gujarAtI sAhitya-sammelana meM itihAsa-purAtatva pariSad ke adhyakSa pada se zrI muni jinavijayajI ne kahA thA- "isa taraha ke saMkar3oM jaina paNDita hue haiM jinhoMne prAkRta, saMskRta, apabhraMza aura gujarAtI bhASA meM hajAroM grantha likhe haiN|" dakSiNa kI kanAr3I, tAmila Adi bhASAoM ke aneka prantha bhI jainiyoM ke hI siddha hue haiN| aisA kahA jAtA hai ki tAmila kA 'kurala' nAma kA suprasiddha prantha bhI jainAcArya kI hI racanA hai| viSaya kI kasauTI se dekheM, to bhI eka sampradAya vizeSa kA sAhitya

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( 2 ) hote hue bhI isameM manobhAvoM kA vizvajanIna Avedana anuprANita hai| hamAre liye yaha atyanta gaurava kA viSaya hai ki pUrva jainAcAryoM ne sAhitya aura sabhyatA kI ekadezIyatA, eka bhAratIyatA ko bilkula bhulA nahIM diyA thaa| dhArmika-sAhitya kI racanA ke sAtha-sAtha aneka AcAryoM ne devavANI saMskRta meM nATaka, kAvya, AkhyAyikA, campU ityAdi kI racanAe~ kI thIM, jinameM se adhikAMza graMtha isaliye ajJAta raha gae mAlUma hote haiM ki usa samaya jainetara vidvAnoM meM dhArmika anudAratA kI mAtrA adhika hone ke kAraNa unhoMne una granthoM kA ullekha nahIM kiyaa| kintu aba jyoM-jyoM isa deza meM aitihAsika anusandhAna aura purAtatva kA adhyayana vizAla hotA jA rahA hai, jainiyoM kA gustara sAhitya prakAza meM AtA jA rahA hai aura aneka saMsthAe~ usako prakAza meM lAne kA sukArya kara rahI haiN| kalikAlasarvajJa hemacandra ke nAma se Aja koI bhI dezI-videzI vidvAn anabhijJa nahIM haiN| bhASA-zAstra aura sAhitya kA pratyeka marmajJa isa bAta ko mAnatA hai ki hemacandrAcArya ke samAna dhurandhara aura agAdha vidvAn saMsAra meM bahuta kama hue haiN| isa hInAvasthA meM bhI saMsAra ke vidvAna bhAratIya sAhitya, darzana aura kalA kA jo lohA mAnate haiM, usakA mukhya kAraNa bhAratIya vAGgamaya kI alaukika unnati aura vistRti hI hai| bhAratIya kalA aura sAhitya kI isa bhavya unnati aura vistRti ke mUla meM bhArata ke sabhI samAjoM aura dharmoM ke sAhitya kA samanvaya hai / hinduoM kA vaidika aura paurANika sAhitya, bauddha-sAhitya aura jainasAhitya sabake yoga se hI bhAratIya vAGgamaya kI sampUrNa abhivyakti hotI hai| jaina-sAhitya kA atula bhaNDAra abhI bhI aMdhakAra meM par3A hai, jisake prakAzita hone se bhArata kA sira U~cA hogaa| bhASAtatva ke suprasiddha vidvAn zrI sunItikumAra caTarjI ne jena-sAhitya kI mahattA ke liye likhA hai "The Jain literature of western India, Gujrat,

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Rajputana and Malwa during the medieral and earls modern periods forms quite a distinctire thing in the expression of Indian culture and by its extent and variets presents a veritable embarres de richesse." __ durbhAgya se Aja jaina samAja kI aisI hAlata hai ki 2500 zatAbdiyoM meM jo vipula sAhitya racA gayA, vaha kevala bhaNDAroM aura vastroM meM banda hai| jaina-samAja vyApAra meM praveza karake itanA vyApArI ho gayA ki vaha sAhitya aura kalA kI mahattA ko bilkula bhUla gayA aura dhArmika jhAnazIlatA ke abhAva meM sAhitya kI sRSTi kaka gaI, sacce vidvAnoM aura kalAvAnoM kA Adara isa samaya meM ghaTa gayA, jisake kAraNa samAja kI apragati kA mArga avaruddha ho gayA hai| naye sAhitya kI sRSTi kI bAna to dUra, Aja to samAja meM isa bAta kI bhI darakAra nahIM samajho jAtI ki hamArA prAcIna sAhitya adhikAdhika prakAza meM Ave, hama usase phAyadA uThAva aura saMsAra bhI usakI mahattA, gurutA aura prAmANikatA samajha ske| hamAre deza kA yaha durbhAgya hI hai ki apane ghara kI jyoti usa samaya taka chipI rahatI hai, jaba taka videzI vidvAn Akara hamako vaha batalAva nhiiN| hamAre sAhitya kI mahattA samajhAne ke liye TADa, phArbasa, vATasana, hArnala, jaikobI aura vinTara nitsa Ate haiM aura unake dvArA hamAre dharma-sAhitya ke jo prAmANika aura susampAdita prakAzana hote haiM, unako dekha kara hameM dAMtoM tale uMgalI dabAnI par3atI hai| Aja hamAre kitane aise vIra haiM jinhoMne apane sAhitya aura darzana ke liye jIvana utsarga kiyA ho; kitane aise haiM jinhoMne utsarga karanevAloM kA sammAna kiyA hai yA kara sakate haiM ? kyA hama eka bhI vATasana. eka bhI jaikobo yA eka bhI hArnala nahIM paidA kara sakate-nahIM naiyAra kara sakate; para yahA~ sAhitya kA mahatva hI kyA hai ? mahAtmA gAndhI ne eka bAra jainasAhitya kI avasthA ke viSaya meM kahA thA- gujarAta meM jaina-dharma kI

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( 4 ) pustakoM ke bahuta bhaNDAra haiM, kintu ve baniyoM ke ghara meM haiN| unhoMne una pustakoM ko sundara rezamI vastroM meM lapeTa kara rakhA hai| pustakoM kI aisI dazA dekha kara merA hRdaya rone lagatA hai, para jo rone lage to 63 varSa taka jItA kaise ? kintu mujhe aisA lagatA hai ki yadi corI koI gunAha nahIM samajhA jAtA ho to maiM una pustakoM ko curA le aura phira unase kahU~ ki ye pustakeM tumhAre yogya nahIM hone se maiMne unako curA liyaa| vaNikoM ke pAsa ye grantha zobhA nahIM dete, vaNika to paisA ekatrita karanA jAnate haiM, aura isIliye Aja jaina-dharma aura jaina-sAhitya astitva rakhate huye bhI nirjIva par3e haiN|" jaina-sAhitya ke anveSaNa, zodhana aura prakAzana ko isa samaya saMsAra ko atyanta AvazyakatA hai| jisakI kalpanA samAja ke bhaviSya taka pahu~ca sakatI hai, jo Aja kI jar3atA ko mahasUsa karatA hai, vaha avazya pukAra-pukAra kara isa bAta ko kahegA ki yadi jaina-samAja sacamuca apane jIvana kI sukhada kalpanA karatA hai, yadi vaha atula sAhitya kI zrI meM saMsAra kA Adara bhAjana honA cAhatA hai, yadi vaha apanI bhAvI saMtati ke hRdayoM meM samunnatta AdarzoM kI racanA karanA cAhatA hai, to use apane gauravapUrNa sAhitya kI rakSA, vRtti aura zodha ke liye karmazIla ho jAnA caahiye| jJAna aura sAhitya kI sAdhanA ke abhAva meM dharma kI jyoti ananta kAla taka nahIM raha sktii| yadi usako ananta kAla taka akSuNNa rakhanA hai. to sAhitya ke saMrakSaNa aura uddhAra kA kArya Avazyaka hai| Adhunika jaina samAja ne jo bhI sAhityika suputra paidA kiye, unase na kevala samAja aura dharma kA mukhojjala huA, parantu samasta deza kI sAhityika pragati ko jIvana aura bala milaa| zraddhaya pa0 sukhalAlajI jaise vidvAnoM ne bhAratIya sAhitya aura vicAra ko protsAhana diyaa| jaina samAja ke inhIM birale lAloM meM svargIya pUrNacandrajI nAhara the| suputra pada kI sAhityika ne bhAratIya lAlo /

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prastuta prantha svargIya nAharajI ke katipaya sAhityika prabandhoM kA saMkalana hai, jinako una ke suyogya putra aura mere atyanta priya mitra zrI vijayasiMhajI nAhara ne prakAzita kiyA hai| mujhe svargIya pUrNacandrajI ke darzana kA hI saubhAgya milA thA, kyoM ki maiM unake nikaTa samparka meM AtA aura unakI kucha sevA kara sakatA, isase pahale hI hamAre durbhAgya ne unheM hamAre bIca meM se uThA liyaa| mujhe nahIM mAlUma thA ki usa mahApuruSa ke ina katipaya nibandhoM ke prAva.thana rUpa meM mujhe kucha likhanA pdd'egaa| para mere liye yaha kama saubhAgya kA viSaya nahIM hai ki jisa nararata kI AjIvana sAhitya-sAdhanA ke caraNoM para maiM sAdara nata-mastaka hU~, Aja isa lekhanI dvArA unakI amara vacanasampatti kI sevA kara rahA huuN| Aja unhIM ke viSaya meM ye do paMktiyA~ likhane kA saubhAgya muma alpajJa ko milA hai| zrIyukta nAharajI jaina samAja ke eka atyanta AdaraNIya puruSa the jinakA apanA nijI vyaktitva thA jaisA ki pratyeka sAhityika kA hotA hai| saccA sAhitya sacce vyaktitva kI abhivyakti hai| yaha Azcarya kA hI viSaya hai ki murzidAbAda ke eka dhanI parivAra meM janma lekara bhI nAhara jI kisa prakAra sAhitya aura purAtatva kI rucira lagana aura sAdhanA utpanna kara ske| unake jIvana kI jo sAmagrI hameM upalabdha hotI hai usase hameM to koI bhI aisI bAta nahIM mAlUma hotI ki jisake AdhAra para hameM yaha kahane meM hicakicAhaTa ho ki zrI nAharajI meM sAhitya aura purAtatva-zodha kI pratibhA aura pravRtti janmajAta aura saMskAragata thii| apanI AmaraNa sAhitya sAdhanA se unhoMne yaha siddha kara diyA thA ki unake jIvana kA pratyeka aMza sAhitya aura itihAsa kI sevA ke liye thaa| una ke saMgraha kArya ke liye mitroM se sunA jAtA hai ki eka akhabAra ke kavara ke liye ve saikar3oM kaThinAiyoM ko bhI paravAha na kara ke behada utsAha ke sAtha ceSTArata rahate the|

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isI saMgraha vRtti kA pariNAma Aja 'gulAbakumArI pustakAlaya' kA bahumUlya saMgraha hamAre liye-vizeSakara adhyayanazIla vidvAnoM ke liye adbhuta khajAnA par3A hai| zrIyukta nAharajI ne saMskRta, prAkRta aura aMgrez2I kI ucca zikSA prApta kI thI aura unameM unakA jJAna utkRSTa thaa| Apane hindI, aMgrez2I aura ba~galA meM aneka grantha likhe haiN| unake jaina lekha saMgraha' tIna bhAgoM meM hindustAna ke vibhinna bhAgoM se saMkalita kiye huye karIba 3000 zilAlekhoM kA saMgraha hai jinase jaina itihAsa aura purAtattva kA mahAn uddhAra huA hai| unakA 'Epitome of Jainism' nAmaka bRhad grantha jaina-sAhitya kA eka paThanIya grantha hai| isake atirikta unakA vizAla saMgrahAlaya bhI pukAra pukAra kara unakI parizrama-priyatA aura saccI purAtatva-priyatA kA prakAza karatA hai| unake vizAla pANDitya, adbhuta parizrama, apUrva zAstrajJAna aura vistRta adhyayana kI prazaMsA meM hindI-sAhitya ke AcArya zrI mahAvIraprasAdajI dvivedI ne Aja se 7 varSa pUrva kahA thA "vijJAna-vidyA vibhavaprasAramadhIta jainAgama zAstra sAram / candraM purAkRta tamotkAra, tvAM pUrNacandraM zirasA namAmi // " aura yahI kahA thA, mahAkavi zrI maithilIzaraNajI gupta ne 'bahuratnA vasudA vidita aura dhanI bhI bhUri / durlabha hai grAhaka tadapi pUrNacandra sama sari // " jaina-dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa aura purAtattva hI zrI nAharajI kA mukhya lekhana-viSaya thaa| binA prAcIna itihAsa ke hamaloga prAcIna gaurava aura kIrti nahIM jAna sakate aura vAstava meM yaha itanA mahAna viSaya hai bhI ki usameM avagAhana karake koI bhI anya viSaya kI AvazyakatA nahIM rhtii| sAhityika athavA sAmAjika viSayoM para ve

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likhate jarUra the aura hamArI dRSTi meM to vaha bhI kamAla kA hI likhate the, para unakA asalI viSaya purAtattva thaa| yaha bAta unhoMne apane kaI nibandhoM meM kahI bhI hai, jaise- "maiM kevala prAcIna zilA-lekha Adi kI khoja meM hI lagA rahatA huuN|" yA "purAtattva viSaya-zodha kA hI premI hone ke kAraNa..........." isa prabandhAvalI meM adhikAMza mahattvapUrNa lekha prAcIna khoja-sambandhI hI haiM, kintu phira bhI prabandhAvalI ke lekhoM se hamako yaha mAlUma par3atA hai ki Adhunika sAhityika aura sAmAjika viSayoM meM bhI unakI dilacaspo kama nahIM thii| ve sAmayikatA kA mahattva samajhate the| unhoMne likhA hai-"cAhe tIrthakara, cakravattI, zizu cAhe yuvaka koI bhI kyoM na ho, samaya kI gati ko abAdhya karane meM samartha nhiiN| jainAgama ke sthAna-sthAna para 'taNaM kAlaNaM, teNaM samayeNaM' kA ullekha milatA hai|" prAcIna vastuoM kI zodha aura prakAzana meM lage rahate hue hone para bhI sAmAjika aura pArivArika jIvana meM ve samaya ke prabhAva ko pahacAnate the| una viSayoM ke vizlepaNa meM bhI apanI lekhanI kA upayoga karate the| parda, strI-zikSA, sAhityika ruci Adi ke viSaya meM unhoMne kaI bAra udagAra prakaTa kiye the / strI-zikSA ke viSaya meM likhA hai-- "koI bhI jAti kI saccI unnati usI samaya ho sakatI hai, jaba ki usa jAti ko mahilAeM suzikSitA hoM aura unake vicAra ucca-koTi ke ho| jaba taka aisA na hogA, taba taka sacI aura sthAyI unnati sambhava nahIM hai|" sAhitya ko mahattA ke viSaya meM unhoMne likhA hai-"samAja-vRkSa kA sAhitya phala hai aura sAhitya-rUpo phala meM samAja-rUpI vRkSa ko harA-bharA rakhane kI zakti vidyamAna hai|" ___ kahane kA matalaba yaha hai ki purAtattva hI se unakA jo tRpta nahIM huA thA Adhunika samasyAoM para bhI unakA dhyAna thaa| yaha bAta unake liye isa deza ke DAyarakara oNpha ArkiyAlojI ne bhI kahI hai--

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( 8 ) "He held fast in his loyalty to all that was best in the old culture and still not unresponsive to the needs of the new age" prastuta grantha ke prabandhoM meM bhI sabhI suruci ke pAThakoM ko sAmagrI milegii| nAharajI kA janma usa prAnta meM huA thA jo vastutaH hindI bhASA kA prAnta nahIM samajhA jAtA; yadyapi aba yaha bAta nahIM, kyoMki hindI ke grahaNa meM aba prAntIya kSadra-bhAvanA ko sthAna nahIM rahA hai| yaha eka svara se rASTrIya bhASA svIkAra kI gaI hai| tathApi bhASA vijJAna ke sAdhAraNa niyamoM ke anusAra bhASA meM kiMcita svarUpa bheda to saMbhava hai hii| eka purAtatvajJa ke nAte svayaM nAharajI kA bhASAtattva kA acchA jJAna thA jisako chAyA hameM unake pravandhoM meM sthAna sthAna para dRSTigocara hotI hai| ve khuda kahate the-"pracalita bhASA pAMca pAMca, dasa dasa, yA sau sau kosoM para kucha na kucha badalI huI pratIta hotI hai|" bhASA ke vikAsa aura parivartana meM bhaugolika kAraNa ati pradhAna hotA hai| nAharajI kI bhASA meM praur3hatA aura prabhaviSNutA kI kamI nahIM hai yadyapi kahIM kahIM usameM baMgAlI yA murzidAbAdI slaiMga AjAne ke kAraNa vyAkaraNa kI azuddhatA raha gaI hai| kintu kahIM kahIM unake vAkya bhASA aura zailI kI dRSTi se baDe ojapUrNa mAlama par3ate haiN| jaise____ "yadi jaina dharma kevala AcAryoM para nirbhara na rahatA, to jAti baMdhAraNa kI kadApi aisI sRSTi nahIM hotii| yadi vIra paramAtmA kI vANI sunane ke liye kevala una logoM ke mukha kamala kI tarapha tAkanA na par3atA to sambhava hai ki jaina jAti ke vartamAna baMdhAraNa meM jisa kAraNa vizeSa hAni upasthita hai, use dekhane kA avasara nahIM miltaa|" __ina vAkyoM kA zabda-cayana tathA gaThana kAphI ojapUrNa hai| aisI praur3ha

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( 6 ) bhASA hara koI nahIM likha sakatA / prastuta pustaka ke prabandhoM se unakI niSpakSatA bhI pUrNa se mAlUma hotI hai| ve kisI bhI bAta ke virodha meM usa samaya taka nahIM par3ate the, jaba taka ki usa viSaya kI pUrI chAnabIna na kara lete the / 'kUeM bhAMga' zIrSaka unakA prabandha isa bAre meM paThanIya hai| 'dhArmika udAratA', 'vartamAna samasyA' aura 'zvetAmbara' digambara sampradAyoM kI prAcInatA' Adi prabandha isa bAta ke dyotaka haiN| jaina sAhitya ko uttama se uttama rUpa meM prakAza meM lAne kI unakI atRpta AkAMkSA thii| ve kevala pranthoM kA yena kena prakAreNa prakAzana karAnA hI alam nahIM samajhate the, pratyoM ke nirvAcana, sampAdana aura prakAzana ke viSaya meM bhI unakI bhavya kalpanAeM thiiN| unhoMne likhA hai____ "koI prantha kyoM na ho, usakA gaurava usake kartA ke hAtha se nikalane para jo thA, utanA hI nahIM, parantu usase kaI gunA adhika banAye rakhane ke liye hameM Avazyaka hai ki hama unheM supAtra uttarAdhikArI kI taraha acchI prakAra samAlocanA aura upayukta TIkA TippaNI ke sAtha bar3I sAvadhAnI ke sAtha prakAzita kreN|.............."ydi pustaka zuddha hI nahIM huI, pUrI chAnabIna, jAMca par3atAla ke sAtha chApI hI na gaI to dUsarI gauNa bAtoM para kauna dhyAna detA hai ?" vAstava meM, pranthoM ke sampAdana aura prakAzana kI yaha burAI aneka pranthoM meM dikhAI detI hai| bidezoM meM jo saMskRta Adi Arya bhASAoM ke prantha prakAzita hote haiM, unameM zAyada hI azuddhi rahatI hai, zAyada hI usameM koI viSaya chUTatA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki vahAM ke vidvAnoM ko pranyoM se sacA prema hotA hai| ve unake praNayana yA sampAdana meM apanA jIvana bhara bhI lagA sakate haiM, lagA dete haiN| zrI nAharajI isI mAdarza ke vyakti the-yathAsAdhya unhoMne isa bAta ko barAbara dhyAna meM rkhaa|

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( 10 ) apanI jIvana paryanta ko huI sAhityika tapasyA ke bala se jaina sAhitya kA mastaka U~cA rakhanevAle evaM hamameM apane udAharaNa se AtmacetanA paidA karanevAle, usa mahAna sAhityika ke nidhana se Aja hama kitane dIna ho gaye haiM; isakA anumAna sahaja hI nahIM laga sakatA, para una pavitrAtmA ke prati jaina samAja kA yaha kartavya hai ki vaha adhikAdhika rUpa meM unake dvArA kiye huye yajJa ko jArI rakhe prAcIna grantharatnoM kA zIghratA ke sAtha prakAzana kiyA jaave| yaha hamArA eka karttavya hai, jisake pAlana meM hameM kSaNamAtra ke liye bhI nizceSTa nahIM rahanA caahiye| jar3atA hI mRtyu hai / Aja yaha samaya A gayA hai ki isa dharma ke ahiMsA aura anekAnta jaise ucca siddhAntoM kI tarapha pIr3ita mAnavatA ko dhyAna denA hI hogA / hiMsA ke AtaMka se ghuTA huA mAnava, Aja ahiMsA kI zaraNa lenA cAhatA hai| duniyA kI chAtI para hiMsA ke phor3oM meM bahuta mavAda bhara gayA hai - zarIra jarjarita ho rahA hai, ahiMsA kA malahama cAhiye / isaliye jaina sAhitya kA pracAra adhikAdhika hone se eka tarapha to bhAratIya sAhitya kI zrI - vRddhi hogI, janatA meM loka-kalyANa aura sukhazAnti vidhAyaka siddhAntoM kA saccA prakAza phailegA aura dUsare tarapha dharma kI saccI AtmA jAgRta hogI, usakI bhavya preraNA kAryAnvita hogI / Aja ke yuga meM hara eka dharma aura sampradAya kA sAhitya prakAza meM AnA cAhiye jisase jJAna kA vikAsa ho aura dhArmika, sAMskRtika samanvaya kI sthApanA ho / saccA jijJAsu Aja pratyeka majahaba ko vizleSaNAtmaka aura bauddhika kasauTI para kasanA cAhatA hai / bauddhadharma jainadharma se bAr3ha kA hai aura eka daphA bhArata meM usakA prakAza ojhala ho gayA thA, kintu ina 10 varSoM meM bauddha sAhitya kI tarapha janatA AkRSTa ho rahI hai, dina pratidina bauddha sAhitya ke grantharatna prakAza

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meM A rahe haiN| isakA kAraNa yahI hai ki unake pracAra meM AdhunikatA hai| unhoMne isa dharma ke punarjIvana ke liye jJAna aura jJAniyoM kI zaraNa lI hai| usake liye bauddha bhikSuoM ne mizana spiriTa grahaNa kI hai| hamAre vartamAna AcArya bhI yadi isa bAta kI ora dhyAna deM to bahuta kucha kalyANa ho sakatA hai| jainadharma ke siddhAnta sarva-janahitakArI aura naitika bauddhika dRSTi se bar3e sabala haiN| ahiMsA se to mAja isa deza ko lar3AI lar3I jA rahI hai| bauddha sAhitya ke prakAzana aura pracAra ke liye usa dharma ke anuyAyI tana, mana, dhana se ceSTA kara rahe haiN| Aja aMgrez2I, jarmana, jApAnI, cInI, hindI, baMgAlI, marAThI aura gujarAtI Adi sabhI bhASAoM meM bauddha grantha prakAzita ho cuke haiM / dhammapada, tripiTika, macmimanikAya, suttanikAya, dIghanikAya, jAtaka kathA, mAdi sabhI pramukha prantha Aja aMgrez2I, jarmana aura rASTrabhASA hindI meM vidyamAna haiN| yaha yuga hI dharma-manthana kA hai| pratyeka dharma meM kAnta-jIvana kA udaya ho rahA hai-yadi nahIM huA hai to honA caahiye| jaina-sAhitya kA, jaisA maiM pahale kaha cukA hU~, bar3A vizAla bhaviSya hai, yadi hamameM usa tarapha kArya karane kI lagana ho| Aja kitane zarma kI bAta hai ki dharma-pravartaka zrI mahAvIra kA koI prAmANika, bauddhika kasauTI para kharA utaranevAlA nirapekSa bhAva se likhA huA jIvana-caritra nahIM hai| zraddhaya paNDita sukhalAlajI jaise mahAna pratibhA sampanna aura gahana adhyayanavAle vidvAn ko zIva isa viSaya ko lenA caahiye| yadi unhoMne yaha kArya kiyA to avazya jaina sAhitya kA, bhAratIya-samAja aura mAnava jAti kA mahAn upakAra hogaa| maiM dhArmika viccheda yA mAtaMka kI bAta nahIM khtaa| meM dhArmika svatantratA kA kAyala hU~, kintu merA matalaba yaha hai ki pratyeka dharma eka sudIrgha ananta satya kI jyoti se prodbhAsita huA thA; vaha jyoti satra meM kisI na kisI AvaraNa meM pracalita hai|

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( 12 ) use janatA ke darzana, AtmA ke prakAza, timira-vinAza ke liye sAmane lAnA caahiye| Aja kI avasthA to hamAre liye lajjA aura duHkha kI avasthA hI hai| pratyeka sAkSara kA karttavya hai ki vaha jaina-sAhitya meM ruci paidA kare, pratyeka vidvAna kA kartavya hai ki vaha jaina-sAhitya ko sevA kA praNa kare / Aja yaha AvazyakatA hai ki jaina-granthoM ko Adhunika bhASAoM meM Adhunika praNAlI se sampAdana karake, bhUmikAoM aura TippaNiyoM ke sAtha upayogI banA kara prakAzita kiyA jAya / yUnivarsiTiyoM meM pAzcAtya sAhitya-praNAliyoM kA adhyayana karanevAloM grejueToM ko jaina sAhitya kI-ghara ke hIroM kI bhI khabara lenI caahiye| jaina-dharma aura jaina-sAhitya se bhAratIya-sAhitya aura bhAratIya-darzana kI eka nayI jyoti udbhAsita ho skegii| jahA~ hiMsA aura damana kA AtaMka hai, vahA~ ahiMsA aura zAnti kI bUMde barasa skeNgii| svargIya nAharajI kI antarAtmA isI jyoti kI prabhA ke prasAra ke liye lAlAyita thI-usIke liye unakI kArya-zakti AloDita thii| Aja ve nahIM haiM, to kyA unakI preraNA bhI jIvita nahIM hai ? jaise unakI kIrti amara hai, sAdhanA akSuNNa hai, usI taraha unake jIvana kI AdarzAtmaka preraNA jIvita hai| aura hameM usako grahaNa karanA caahiye| AzA hai, jaina-dharma ke hitaiSI aura jJAna-vikAsa ke sacce himAyatI sattvara gati se isa jimmevArI ko kAryAnvita kreNge| ___ anta meM, maiM svargIya nAharajI kI mRtAtmA, kintu sajIva preraNA ke liye zraddhA aura arcanA prakAza karatA huA, bhAI vijayasiMhajI ko ye sAhityika-prabandha prakAzita karane aura mujhe ye paMktiyAM likhane kA durlabha avasara dene ke liye dhanyavAda detA huuN| kalakattA bha~varamala siMghI tA. 23-11-37

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pUraNa canda nAhara janma 15 maI 1875 mRtyu 31 maI 2636

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paricaya zrI pUraNacandajI nAharakA janma saM0 1932 (1875 I0 ) kI baizAkha zuklA dazamIko ajImagaMja ( murzidAbAda ) meM huA thA / Apake pitA rAyabahAdura sitAbacandajI nAhara osavAla samAja ke eka dhArmika, vidyApremI tathA supratiSThita jamIndAra the| nAharajIne enTransakI zikSA apane pitAmahI ke nAmapara pitAjI dvArA sthApita "bobI prANa kumArI jubilI hAIskUla" meM pAyI thI / 1865 60 meM Apane presiDensI kaulejase bI0 e0 pAsa kiyA / Apa baMgAla ke jainiyoMmeM sarvaprathama grejueTa hue the / tatpazcAt Apane kAnUna kA adhyayana kiyA evaM pAlI bhASA meM kalakattA yUnivarsITIse ema0 e0 kI DigrI prApta kI / Apane kucha dina barahamapura ( murzidAbAda ) kI jilA adAlata meM vakAlata bhI kii| tatpazcAt san 1614 meM kalakattA hAIkorTa meM eDavokeTa hue / Apa kucha dina taka aunarevala misTara bhUpendranAtha basu saulIsITara ke pAsa ArTikala klarka rhe| isa samayase Apako sAhitya evaM purAtatvase prema bar3hatA gayA evaM AinajIvIkA kArya chor3akara Apane adhyayana evaM prAcIna bastuoM kI khoja tathA saMgrahameM hI jIvana vyatIta karanA zuru kiyA / Apa sArvajanika kAryoMmeM bhI acchA bhAga lete the| bahuta dinoMtaka Apa banArasa hindU vizvavidyAlayake korTa meM zvetAmbara jainiyoMkI orase pratinidhi rahe / kalakattA vizvavidyAlayameM maiTrika, inTaramIDiyaTa aura bI0 e0 parIkSAoMke kaI varSa taka Apa parIkSaka bhI rhe| pI0 Ara0 esa0 ke borDameM bhI Apane parIkSaka kA kArya kiyA thA / Apa iMgalaiNDa ke rauyala esieTika sosAiTI iMDiyA sosAiTI Adi tathA baMgAla esiyeTika sosAiTI, vihAra ur3isA risarca

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sosAiTI, baMgIya sAhitya pariSad, bhaMDAraphara oriyanTala insITyUTa, nAgarI pracAraNI sabhA Adi saMsthAoMke sadasya the| bahuta dinoMtaka murzidAbAda ke tathA lAlabAga korTake aunararI maijisTreTa, ajImagaMja myunispailiTIke kamiznara tathA murzidAbAda DisTrika borDa ke sadasya evaM eDavarDa koronezana skUlake sekreTarI bhI the| Apa Arkiyolojikala DipArTamenTake aunararI koresponDenTa tathA bhaMDArakara insTITyUTa, pUnA; jaina zvetAmbara ejyUkezana borDa, bambaI; rAmamohana lAibrerI, kalakattA tathA jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka samAja, pUmA, ke AjIvana sadasya the| bAlyAvasthAse hI Apako bhramaNakA bahuta zaupha thA aura Apane prAyaH samasta prasiddha jainatIrthoMkI yAtrA bhI kI thii| yAtrAke sAthasAtha Apa purAnI vastuoMkA tathA tIrthoM meM mUrtiyoM para ke lekhoM AdikA saMgraha karate rahate the| mRtyuke kucha dina pUrva hI Apa dakSiNa bhAratake prasiddha sthAnoM tathA zatrujaya Adi gujarAta prAntake aura rAjapUtAnAke tIrthoM kI yAtrA kara lauTe the| jaina samAjameM Apa eka uccakoTike vidvAna the| ApakA iti. hAsa purAtatva sambandhI zauka bahuta bar3hA car3hA thaa| prAcIna jaina itihAsakI khojameM Apane bahuta kaSTa sahA aura dhana bhI bahuta khacaM kiyaa| Apane jo jaina-lekha saMgraha' tIna bhAga, 'pASApurI tIrthakA prAcIna itihAsa', 'epiToma Apha jainijma' tathA 'prAkRta sUtra ratnamAlA' Adi grantha prakAzita kiye haiM ve aitihAsika dRSTise bahuta mahatvapUrNa aura navIna anusandhAnoMse pUrNa haiN| ___ 'Apako vidvatA para osavAloMko nAja thA tathA ApakI tIrtha sevAoMpara zvetAmbara jainiyoMko ghamaMDa thaa|' Apane zrI mahAvIra svAmIkI nirvANa bhUmi 'pAvApurI' tIrtha tathA 'rAjagRha' tIrthaka viSayameM samaya, zakti aura arthase amUlya sevA kI hai| pAvApurI tIrtha ke vartamAna mandira , jo samrATa zAhajahAMke rAjasvakAlameM saM0 1998 meM banA thA, usa samayakI mandira-prazasti, jisake astitvatakakA patA na

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[ ga] thA, Apane hI mUlavedIke nIcese uddhAra kiyA aura usI mandismeM lagavA diyA hai| isa tIrthake ilAke meM kucha gAMva the jisakI AmadanI bhaMDArameM nahIM AtI thI, so Apake athaka parizrama aura prayatnase Ane lagI hai| Apane pAvApurImeM dona-hInoMke liye eka 'dIna zAlA' banavA dI hai jo vizeSa upayogo hai| tIrtha rAjagRhake vipulAcala parvata para jo zrI pArzvanAthajIkA prAcIna mandira hai, usakI saM0 1912 kI gadyapadyabandha prazasti ke vizAla zilAlekhakA Apane bar3I khojase patA lagAyA thaa| vaha zilAlekha abhI rAjagRhameM Apake makAna 'zAntibhavana' meM hai| isa tIrthake liye zvetAmbariyoM aura digambariyoM ke bIca mAmalA chir3A thaa| usameM vizeSajJoMkI haisiyatase Apane gavAhI do thI aura Apase mahInoMtaka jiraha kI gayI thii| isameM Apake jaina itihAsa aura zAlake jJAna, ApakI gambhIra gaveSaNA aura smRti-zaktikA jo paricaya milA, vaha vAstavameM adbhuta thaa| pazcAt donoM sampradAyoMmeM samajhautA ho gyaa| usameM bhI Apa hI kA hAtha thaa| Apane paTanA ( pATaliputra ) ke mandirake jIrNoddhArameM macchI rakama pradAna kI thii| osiyAM (mAravAr3a) ke mandirameM jo osavAloMke liye tIrtha rUpa hai, DUMgarI para jo caraNa the, unapara mApane patthara kI sundara chatarI banavAI thii|' tIrtha-sevAke sAtha sAtha Apane barAvara apaneko samAja-seSAmeM bho tatpara rkhaa| Apa samAja-sevAkI hRdayase kAmanA rakhate the aura ghoSaNA dvArA apaneko dikhAnekI Apane kabhI beSTA nahIM kii| zAMtipUrvaka sevA karanA hI ApakA dhyeya thaa| Apa samAja sudhArameM pUrNa vizvAsa rakhate the aura prabala samAja-sudhAraka the| Apane apane yahAM ke vivAha prabhRti sAmAjika kAryoM meM bahuta sudhAra kiye, jisake kAraNa Apase Apake gAMvake loga virodhI ho gaye the parantu mApane kisIkI kucha parvAha na kI aura dina-ba-dina sudhArake liye maprasara hI hote gye| bhApa kisIke Upara bala dekara sudhAra karAneke virodhI the|'

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[ gha ] 'kalakattAke osavAloMmeM jaba dezI-vilAyatIkA yuddha Sar3I khurI tarahase calA thA taba use bhI Apane bar3I dUradarzitA aura premake sAtha nipaTA kara samAja kA bahuta hita kiyaa| zrI akhila bhAratavarSIya osavAla mahAsammelana ke prathama adhivezana para jaba Apako presiDenTa cunA gayA taba Apane 104 DigrI bukhAra hote hue bhI kalakattAle ajamera taka relameM saphara kiyA aura samAja-sevAse mukha ma modd'aa|' isa avasara para ApakA bhASaNa bahuta mahatvapUrNa tathA samayopayogI huA thaa| Apako purAnI cIjoMkI khojake sAtha sAtha unakA saMgraha karanekA bhI bahuta zauka thaa| Apane bahuta artha vyaya kara purAne sundara bhAratIya citroM, bhAratake vibhinna sthAnoMkI prAcIna mUrtiyoM, sikkoM, kyUriyo, hastalikhita pustakoM AdikA saMgraha kiyA aura use kalakattemeM apane kaniSTha bhrAtA kI smRtimeM bane hue kumAra siMha hAlameM pradarzita kara rakhA hai| apanI mAtAjI ke nAma para Apane I0 san 1912 meM zrI gulAba kumArI pustakAlayakI sthApanA kI thI evaM Aja vaha pustakAlaya jaina graMthoM evaM purAtatvakI pustakoM ke liye kalakattemeM hI nahIM balki bhAratavarSameM eka prasiddha saMsthA ho rahI hai / Apa hara tarahakA saMgraha karate the| 'ApameM saMgrahakI pravRtti eka janmajAta saMskAra hI thaa| choTI-choTI cIjoMkA bhI ve aisA saMgraha karate the ki jo kalAkI dRSTise bahuta mahatvapUrNa aura darzanIya ho jAtA thaa| Apake yahAM mAsika patroMke mukhapRSThakA jo saMgraha hai vaha isa bAtakA pramANa hai| ina mukhapRSThoMko ekatrita karanemeM Apane jo parizrama aura samaya vyaya kiyA usakI sArthakatA eka sAdhAraNa vyakti nahIM samajha sakatA, phira bhI itihAsa aura kalApremIke lie vaha saMgraha kama kImata nahIM rkhtaa| isI prakAra vivAhakI kuMkuma patrikAoMkA saMgraha bhI Apane kiyA thA aura isase yaha batalA diyA thA ki choTI-choTI vastue~ bhI apanA mahatva rakhatI haiN|' 'Apa pratyeka vastuko bar3e sundara DhaMgase sajAkara rakhate the| ApakA

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[ va ] upe citroMkI pandraha vIsa citrAvaliyoM, purAne TikaToM, kalAkI vastuoM, akhabAroMkI katarana, jaina-sambandhI lekhoM tathA samAcAroM, samrAT kI rajata-jayantI, rAjyAbhiSeka tathA zava-julasa kA saMgraha, bar3A hI anupama huA hai, jo ki aura kahIM nahIM mila sktaa|' Apa 31 maI; 1936 ko saMdhyAke savA pAMca baje pUrNa jJAnameM samAdhIke sAtha 4 putra, 5 kanyA tathA pautra prapautra Adi parivAra ko chor3akara deva-loka pdhaare| Apake viSayameM prasiddha vidvAna zrI brajamohanajI barmAne 'vizAla bhArata' meM likhA hai:___ 'nAharajo ko mahAn vidvattAse kahIM bar3hakara thI unakI sajanatA / jo koI bhI unase milatA, vahI unako sajanatAkI tArIpha karatA thaa| nAharajI dhanI the. suzikSita the, vidvAna the, lekina sabase bar3hakara ve the AdamI aura Ajakala AdI honA AsAna nahIM hai "hamane mAnA hai phariztA zekhajI, 'AdamI' honA bahuta duzvAra hai !" nAharajIkA sarala svabhAva aura unakA sahaja prema aisA thA, jo sabhIko AkarSita kara letA thaa| yadyapi nAharajI vayovRddha the, sATha varSase Uparake ho cuke the, phira bhI unameM yuvakoMse bar3hakara utsAha aura zakti thii| ve dina meM kabhI sote nahIM the| unako subahase zAma taka kAma karate dekhakara yuvaka bhI lajita ho jAte the| jo koI bhI unakA saMgraha dekhane jAtA, use ve bar3e prema aura utsAhase dikhalAte the| apane adbhuta saMgrahakI durlabha vastuoMko dikhalAne meM cAra-cAra pAMca-pAMca ghaMTe lagAkara bhI ve thakate na the| Agata sajjanoMkA Adara-satkAra karaneke atirika unheM milAne-pilAnekA mI nAharajo ko bar3A zauka thaa| unakI sabase bar3I bI yaha thI ki ve buDoMmeM bur3e, pror3hoMmeM praur3ha, yuvakoMmeM yuvaka aura baccoMmeM pacce bana jAte the, isIlie baccoMse lekara bUr3hoMtaka jo koI bhI inase

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[ cha ] milatA thA, use yahI jAna par3atA thA ki vaha apane kisI pUrva paricita mitrase mila rahA hai| garIba ho yA amIra- yahAM taka ki naukaroM taka unakA vartAva eka-sA hotA thA / nAharajI apane TAipake eka vizeSa udAharaNa the-aise TAipake, jo Ajakala prAyaH durlabha hai / '

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prAkkathana paricaya sUcI-patra prAcIna jaina hindI sAhitya sampAdaka kA kartavya vaimAsika zilAlekha rAjagRha ke do hindI lekha strI zikSA sAhitya aura samAja rana kuMvarI bIbI magAziSa kue bhAMga dhArmika udAratA sAhityika dhArmika dhArmika hisAba tapAsaNI khAtA vartamAna samasyA zvetAmbara aura digambara jaina sampradAyoMkI prAcInatA 1 20 35 36 43 46 53 56 65 81 13 10 100 113 pAvApurIkA jala mandira jaina dharmapara vidvAnoMke bhrama 115 jaina jAti kA Adhunika baMdhAraNa hAnikAraka hai yA lAbhadAyaka 198

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bhagavAna pArzvanAtha jaina dharma meM zakti pUjA pArzvanAtha aura zaMkaranAtha sAmAjika jaisavAloMkI utpatti para vicAra samaya puruSa balavAna osavAla samAja kA agnikuNDa zrI osavAla utpatti patra hamAre mahAna pUrvaja vividha azuddha kuMkuma ( kesara) zrI rAjagRha prazasti eka dRzya caurAsI lokamAnya kA saMsmaraNa kalakatte meM kalA pradarzanI 145 148 153 160 164 174 178

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prAcIna jaina hindI sAhitya jainiyoM ke sAhitya kA bhaNDAra pUrNa hai| maiM kevala prAcIna zilAlekha Adi kI khoja meM hI lagA rahatA hai| sAhitya ke viSaya meM eka prakAra se mana hai| isa viSaya para likhane ke liye jaina sAhitya kA mAna pUrA pUrA caahie| ataeva prAcIna sAhitya ke jJAna kI apUrNatA aura tatsAmayika itihAsa ke jJAna kI saMkIrNatA ke kAraNa mere vicAroM meM bhrama honA saMbhava hai| maiM hindI ko aura jaina sAhitya ko pRthak pRthak nahIM samajhatA hai| hindI sAhitya meM jaina sAhitya kA sthAna ucca hai| saba ko vidita hai ki prAkRta meM hI jainiyo ke mUla sUtra siddhAnta race hue haiN| prAkRta aura hindI ke sambandha meM itanA hI kahanA yatheSTa hai ki prAkRta kA rUpAntara ho hindI hai arthAt hindI kA prAruta hI janmadAtA hai| saba vidvAnoM ko hAta hai ki bhArata meM videzI rAjAoM ke Ane se deza kI bhASA para bhI pUga asara phuNcaa| fArasI aravI kA prabhAva bar3hakara usa samaya ko prAkRta aura apabhraMza bhASAeM ho hindI bana gii| kramazaH prAkRta zabdoM kA vyavahAra ghaTate ghaTate prAkRta kA astitva lopa hone lgaa| punaH urdU ke AvirbhAva ke sAtha hindI kI dazA aura bhI vigahane lgii| usa samaya hindI premI sudhAra ko ceSTA karane lage mora lupta. prAya prAkRta ke sthAna meM saMskRta zabdoM ke tatsama rUpoM kA yathAyatha hindI meM adhika honA Arambha huaa| prAcIna jaina sAhitya se hindI yA kramakAra atyuttama itihAsa bana sakatA hai|

Page #29
*2* * prabandhAvalo. hindI sAhitya sammelana ke saptama adhivezana para "jaina hitaiSI" ke suyogya sampAdaka, suprasiddha lekhaka aura aitihAsika vidvAn paMDita nAthUrAmajI premI ne 'hindI jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa' nAmaka eka gaveSaNApUrNa lekha likhA hai| usa nibandha se mujhe bahuta kucha sahAyatA milI hai| unhoMne jaina bhASA sAhitya kA prAcIna kAla se vartamAna samaya taka kA itihAsa bar3I yogyatA se likhA hai| mizrabandhu mahodayoM ne jo hindI sAhitya kA itihAsa likhA hai, usameM hindI kI utpatti saM0 700 se mAnI hai| ve puSya nAmaka hindI ke pahale kavi kA samaya saM0 700 kahate haiM aura likhate haiM ki isakA na to koI ThIka hAla hI vidita hai aura na isakI kavitA hI hastagata hotA hai| tadanantara saM0 860 ke lagabhaga 'khumAna rAsA' ke kartA bhATa kavi kA honA likhA hai, parantu yaha grantha bhI alabhya hai| vartamAna 'khumAnagasA' bahuta pIche kA hai| saM01000 meM gotA ke anuvAdakartA bhuvAla kAMva kA lamaya likhakara unakI kavitA kA jo udAharaNa prakAzita kiyA hai, usa kavitA se kavi kA saM0 1000 hAne meM sandeha hotA hai| kavitA kI bhASA brajabhASA hai aura usakI paripATI gosvAmI tulasIdAsa jI kI kavitA ko so pratIta hotI hai| anumAna se isa kavitA kI racanA vi0 saM0 1600 ke lagabhaga ko honI caahie| prantha ke anta meM "saMvat kara aba karauM bkhaanaa| sahasra se saMpUraNa jAnA" hai, isase itihAsakAroM ne saM0 1000 nirNaya kara liyA hai parantu isake dUsare caraNa ke chanda meM gar3abar3a hai| 'sahasra' kI * premI jI ke "jaina hitaiSI" meM kaI aitihAsika lekha nirantara chapate rahate haiM jo jaina AcAryoM, itihAsa aura sAhitya para scA prakAza DAlate haiN| dhArmika dura graha ke kAraNa kucha jaina una lekhoM kI kadra bhale hI na kareM, kintu ve satya aitihAsika khoja aura pakSapAtarahita vivecana se pUrNa hote haiN| hindI sAhitya ke liye ve gaurava ko vastu haiN| [saM0]

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* prabandhAvalaM. * jagaha 'solaha' ho to chanda aura samaya donoM ke sAmaMjasya kA sambhava hai / aura prathama caraNa meM SaSThI ke artha meM jo 'kara' zabda diyA hai vaha pichalI paripATI ko dyotita karatA hai| mizrabandhu saM0 1137 meM nanda kavi kA honA likhate haiM, parantu unhoMne usake kisI grantha kA ullekha nahIM kiyA hai / prasiddha candabaradAI se pUrva 2-3 musalamAna kavi aura eka cAraNa kavi kA ullekha kiyA hai parantu likhA hai ki unake grantha dekhane meM nahIM aae| kavi candabaradAI ko kavitA kA samaya saM0 12.5 se 1246 taka mAnA jAnA cAhie aura hindo kI utpatti kA samaya saM0 700 se anumAna kiyA gayA hai / taba se candabaradAI paryanta sAr3he pAMca sau varSa ke lagabhaga, eka bar3A vistRta kAla hai| na to isa samaya kA pUrNa itihAsa aura na koI vizeSa ullekha yogya hindI grantha upalabdha hai / yadi niSpakSa hobara socA jAya to saMvat sAta sau ATha sau meM hindI ke granthoM ko racanA honA asambhava jJAta hotA hai, ekAraka kisI bhASA ko unnati na huI hai aura na ho sakatI hai / ekAdaza zatAbdo meM jaba videzI logoM ke Agamana kA prArambha huA aura deza-jaya ke pazcAt yavana logoM ko yahAM sthiti huI taba se ho bhASA ke badalane aura saMskRta kI carcA kA hrAsa hone se katriyoM ko prAcona hindI meM racanA karane ke utsAha kA Arambha huaa| jahAM taka itihAsa aura grantha upalabdha hote haiM unase dvAdaza zatAbdI se hI hindo kI utpatti kA samaya mAna lenA anucita na igaa| prAcIna hindI sAhitya kI vahI bAlyavasthA hai / jaise apane ko usa avasthA kI kevala do cAra bar3I bar3I ghaTanAoM kA smaraNa rahatA hai, usI prakAra usa samaya meM na to bacanA kA ho sambhava hai aura na adhika upalabdha haiM / avasthA kA arthAt dvAdaza se caturdaza zatAbdI taka kA itihAsa adhika granthoM ko isa kAraNa usa kSetra meM sUtrita kA prAvAMna jena sAhitya meM hindI ke sthAna kA

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* prabandhAvalo samaya pandrahavIM zatAbdI se aThAravIM zatAbdI taka mAna lenA ucita samajhatA huuN| tatpazcAt deza kI rASTrIya dazA ke sAtha sAtha sAhitya ko bhI avanata avasthA huii| punaH unnIsavIM zatAbdo ke zeSa bhAga meM briTiza sarakAra kI kRpA se deza meM zAnti ke sAtha apanI hindI bhASA ko bhI unnati hone lgii| parantu vaha puSTi navya DhaMga se huI aura Aja hindI meM uttamottama kAvya, itihAsa aura upanyAsa Adi race jAkara saba viSayoM ke granthoM kI pUrti ho rahI hai| navIna jaina sAhitya bhI dhIre dhore samaya ke sAtha abasara hai| hindI sAhitya ke viSaya meM svanAmakhyAta bAbU zyAmasundara jI I0 saM0 1600 ko khoja ko riporTa meM likhate haiM ki I0 12 vIM sado ke prArambha se 16 vIM sadI ke madhya taka kA samaya hindI sAhitya kI parIkSA kA kAla hai| usI samaya meM rAjasthAna ke cAraNoM, bhAToM Adi ne bahuta se aitihAsika prantha likhe haiM aura unameM prAkRta aura prAcIna hindI milI huI hai| tatpazcAt hindI sAhitya ko pUrNAvasthA kA Arambha hotA hai| aura I016-17 vIM sadI meM hI hindI ke sarvazreSTha kavi aura vidvAn hue haiN| isakA bhAvArtha mere pUrvokta kathana ko puSTi karatA hai| bhASA kI dRSTi se prAkRta aura hindI kA sambandha avichinna hai / ___ hamAre zvetAmbarI jainoM kI apekSA digambarI bhAI Aja kala hindI sAhitya kI adhika sevA kara rahe hai| prAcIna hindo jaina sAhitya kI pustakaM digambara sampradAya ko ho adhika saMkhyA meM prakAzita huI haiN| aura iso kAraNa premI jI ne apane jaina hindI sAhitya ke itihAsa meM usa sampradAya ke hI hindI pranthoM kA vivaraNa bAhulya se kiyA hai| unakA yaha likhanA yathArtha hai ki "zvetAmbaroM kA hindI sAhitya abhI taka prakAzita nahIM huaa|" aura unako bhI pUrNa vizvAsa hai ki khoja karane se hindI ke prAcona jaina grantha bahuta mileNge| adyAvadhi vidvAnoM kI isa ora dRSTi AkarSita nahIM huI hai aura jaba taka aitihAdhika aura bhASA kI mukhya dvaSTi se acchI taraha kucha samaya

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* prabandhAklA taka prAcIna bhaNDAroM ko tathA AvArya sAdhuoM ke saMgrahoM kI khoja nahIM hogI taba taka prAcIna sAhitya rUpI rakhoM kA pragaTa honA sambhava nahIM hai| bhArata ke sabhI pradhAna sthAnoM meM niyoM kA kisI na kisI samaya, kahIM alpa aura kahIM vistRta, prabhAva thaa| dakSiNa kA prAcIna sAhitya bhI jaina sAhitya se pUrNa sambandha rakhatA hai| yahAM taka ki kanAr3I Adi bhASAoM kA sabase prAcIna sAhitya jaina sAhitya ho siddha huA hai| gujarAta aura saurASTra bhI jeniyA~ kA pradhAna sthAna rahA hai| gujarAto bhASA sAhitya ke prAcIna grantha prAcIna jaina sAhitya hI hai| vartamAna hindI aura gujarAtI meM krama krama se bahuta antara par3a gayA hai aura kucha samaya se gujarAtI mASA svatantra sI ho gaI hai| parantu prAyona jaina sAhitya ke bahuta se granthoM ko gujarAtI jaMna sAhitya samajhakara hindo jaina sAhitya se alaga karanA maiM anucita samajhatA huuN| Adi meM sthAnIya kAraNa se sAmAnya antara ke sivAya bhArata kI uttara prAnta ko bhASAoM meM koI bheda nahIM thaa| vizeSatayA jainiyoM kI adhika saMkhyA ke vyAgara vANijya meM phaMse rahane ke kAraNa sAhitya carcA kA kAma AcArya sAdhu karate rahe aura gRhastha loga avakAza para usIkA rasAsvAina karate the| saMskRta tathA prAkRta pranyoM ke atirika prAcIna jaina bhASA sAhitya meM zuddha hindo vA zuddha gujarAtI granthoM kI saMkhyA alpa hai| jaina sAdhu ziSya paraMparA se hote the| unameM dezavizeSa kA bandhana na thA, koI mAravAr3I sAdhu gujarAta meM ziSya yA AcArya banA, yA mAlave kA sAdhu dillo meM, to unhoMne apanI racanA meM eka sAdhAraNa bhASA kA Azraya liyA jisameM kucha na kucha prAdezika chIToM ke hone para bhI bhASA purAnI hindI hI thii| jo gujarAto sAdhu rAjapUtAne meM gae unakI racanA meM kucha kucha gujarAta prAnta ke apanaza zabdoM kA saMmizraNa hotA rahA aura viparIta meM isase viparIta bhI huaa| tisarI gujarAtI sAhitya pariSad ko lekhamAlA meM zrIyuta manasukhalAla kIratacanda mehatA jo jaina sAhitya ke nibandha meM likhate haiM ki "saM0 1413 mAM banelo 'mayaNa

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* pravandhAvalI * reha' rAlamAM kaI kaI marubhUmino bhASAno chAyA Ave che, paNa sAmAnya gharaNa gujara tInu cheN|" aise granthoM ko hindI meM hI sthAna denA ucita hogaa| cAhe DiGgala cAhe piGgala, cAhe gujarAto cAhe brajabhASA sabhI ekahI hindI ko saMtati haiM / dezabheda se alpavistara bhASA aura zabdoM kA bheda hotA gayA hai| maiM prAcIna hindI jaina sAhitya meM prAMtika vibhAga karanA ucita nahIM samajhatA / *6* varttamAna meM jo prAcIna hindo jaina sAhitya upalabdha haiM usameM gadya sAhitya ko apekSA padya sAhitya kI saMkhyA bahuta adhika hai / jo kucha hindI meM racanA hotI thI, sabhI padyamaya thI / mUla sUtroM kI vyAkhyA, tathA TippaNI ( jisako 'TabbA' bhI kahate haiM ) aura saMskRta: prAkRta dharmazAstra ke granthoM kI bhASA, vRtti, vacanikA aura kliSTa dAzanika viSayoM para choTe choTe lekhoM ke sivA koI sAhitya ke gadya grantha hamAre dekhane meM nahIM Ae haiM / parantu padya sAhitya kI bharamAra zvetAsvarI digambarI donoM sampradAyoM meM pAI jAtI hai / padya sAhitya meM caritra, rAsa, catuSpadI ( caupAI ) pradhAna haiN| inake sivA cauDhAliyA, DhAla, sijjhAya, vArttA, vinatI, vaMdanA, lAvanI Adi bhI haiN| stavanoM kI bhI saMkhyA bAhulya se milatI hai; unameM bar3e choTe kavitta, chanda, dohA, Adi donoM sampradAyoM ke ucca koTi ke kaviyoM ke race hue saiMkar3oM haiM / mUrtipUjana se bhI bhASA sAhitya meM bahuta kucha sahArA lagA hai| khAsa karake satrahavIM zatAbdI se isa viSaya para nAnA prakAra kI pUjAoM kI racanA donoM saMpradAyoM meM milatI hai aura sAhitya kI dRSTi se isakA bhI sthAna ucca hai / + guru + jaina vidvAnoM ko sadA se itihAsa se adhika prIti rahI aura kI mAtrA zvetAmbara jainoM meM adhika thI, isaliye guruoM kI 'prabhAvanA' ke varNana ke caritra, aitihAsika ghaTanAoM se pUrNa, unake yahAM adhika milate haiN| aba gujarAta ke zvetAmbara jenoM meM aitihA

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* pravandhAvalI bauddhoM ko taraha jaina loga krama krama se vaidika dhamavAloM se dveSa na baDAte hue paraspara kA sambandha dUra nahIM karate rahe, balki bahuta se zrAvaka nAmamAtra jainI kahalAne ke sivA sAMsArika AcAra vyavahAra dhyAdi vaidika hinduoM kI taraha karate aura adyAvadhi karate cale Ate haiN| bauddha vidvAnoM ne vaidika vidvAnoM ke granthoM kI maryAdA nahIM rkkhaa| parantu prAcIna jaina vidvAn jainenara kaviyoM ke sAhitya kA bahuta kucha Adara karate rhe| prAyaH hinduoM ke prasiddha prasiddha sAhitya granthoM ko acchI acchI TIkAe~ jaina vidvAn loga bar3e prema aura pANDitya se likha gaye haiM, isakA yahI kAraNa hai ki sAhitya kA dRSTi se jenetara vidvAnoM ke race hue granthoM ko ve loga apanA hI samajhate the| jaina vidvAnoM kI banAI huI sAhitya ke sivA vyAkaraNa, nyAya, alaGkAra : vaidyaka, jyotiSa Adi ke : jainetara granthoM kI TIkAra, vRtti AdiyA, una para svatantra grantha bahuta se haiM / arjuna prAcIna RyoM kA rakSA bhI prAyaH jaina bhaNDAroM meM hI huI jaisA ki upalabdha pothiyoM kA itihAsa kahatA hai / brAhmaNoM ke pahale do karmoM, adhyApana aura adhyayana kA prakRta anusaraNa jaina AcAryoM tathA sAdhuoM ne yahuta pUrNa rIti se kiyA / *9 sika prAcIna sAhitya kI khoja aura prakAzana kI ruci bar3hI hai jisakA zreya mukhyataH zrI vijayadhamaM sUri jo aura unake yogya ziSya zrI iMdravijayajI Adi ko hai / AcAyyaM jI ne aitihAsika rAsamAlA, aitihAsika sijjhAyamAlA AdiHkA vivecanapUrNa prakAzana Arambha kiyA hai| jainoM ke yahAM yaha Agraha nhiiN| rahA ki stuti, pUjana Adi prAcIna bhASA meM hI hoM / mantra tathA dharmagrantha prAkRtaH meM rahate Ae, kintu stuti, gIta tathA pravacana deza bhASA meM hotA rahA / braja kI naI kRSNapUjA meM yadi brajabhASA ke gIta saMskRta mantroM kI taraha na cala jAte to aTTachApa ke kaviyoM ko madhura kavitAvalI kA vikAsa yA pracAra na hotA / jaina stavanoM tathA gItoM ke purAne saMgrahoM meM yaha bho

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* prabanthAvalI satrahavIM zatAbdo ko prAcIna hindI jaina sAhitya kI madhyAvasthA samajhanA caahie| vikrama saMvat 16.1 meM akabara samrAT ke gahI para baiThane ke pazcAt parAvara hI bhASA sAhitya pranthoM kI saMkhyA bar3hatI gii| acche acche kavi, vidvAn isI samaya meM hue| hindU aura jaina Adi sabhI sampradAyoM ke logoM ko isa samaya zAMti se dharma aura sAhitya kI sevA kA avasara prApta huA, aura jo kucha prAcIna sAhitya ke acche acche grantha vartamAna haiM ve saba isI samaya ke race hamAre kaviyoM ko bhASA sAhitya meM kahAMtapha utsAha thA yaha likhA rahatA hai ki amuka gIta kisa pracalita gIta ko DhAla yA laya para gAyA jAya, isase usa usa samaya ke "adhAmika" arthAt laukika gotoM kA bhI patA calatA hai| jaina sAhitya ke surakSita aura upalabdha hone ke mukhya kAraNa ye hai.- pradhAna maMdiroM meM bhaNDAroM kA Avazyaka honA aura unapara sugaThita paMcAyata kA adhikAra honA; jainoM ke yahAM pustaka likhavAkara sAdhuoM tathA vAcakoM ko bAMTane ko atipuNya karma mAnanA ( kaI pothiyoM kI puSpikA meM likhA milatA hai ki amuka seTha yA seThAnI ne apane yA kisI aura ke puNya ke liye yaha likhavAI), niHsaMga sAdhuoM kI adhikatA jo mikSAmAtra para nirvAha karate, kisI prakAra kA parigraha na lete, dina rAta pustakeM likhate aura svayaM unheM uThAe phirate zraddhAlu zrAvakoM kA guruoM ko kAMcana na bheTa karake ( jisakA unheM koI upayoga na thA ) apane zraddhAnusAra anya likhavAne meM vyaya karanA ( chApAkhAne kA pracAra hone para "zrAddha" loga gurunideza se pustakoM ko atisundaratA se chapavAkara bAMTane kA samayAnusAra parivartana dikhA rahe haiM); guruoM ko pustakoM ke atirikta aura prakAra ko saMpatti na hone se unakI samhAla meM vikSepa na honA, aadi| jaise Adi prAkRta sAhitya jainoM kA hai vaise Adi apabhraMza yA mAdi hindI sAhitya para bhI jainoM ko prApa hai| [saM.].

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* prabandhApalI. eka hI dRSTAMta se pragaTa hogA ki jainiyoM ke navapada kI, jisako siddhacaka bhI kahate haiM. mahimA para ujjaina ke zrIpAla pati kI kathA saMskRta-prAkRta meM hai| usIpA bhASA meM pRthak pRthak kaviyoM kI navina nau racanAeM no mere tuccha saMgraha meM haiM aura dUsare bhaMDArA kI khoja karane se aura bhI milanA saMbhava hai| isase yaha spaSTa hai ki bhASA sAhitya para jaina vidvAnoM kA pUrA prema thaa| vikrama kI somahavIM zatAbdI meM race hue zrIpAla jI ke bhinna bhinna caritroM ke mAti aura aMta ke kucha kAvya yahAM uddhRta karatA hai (1)saM0 1531 meM upAdhyAya jJAnasAgara kRtaprArambha kara kamala jor3evi kara siddha saya paNameva / zrI zrIpAla nareMdra no rAsa baMdha pmch| ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... maMta-bhaSiyA:bhAve nita namo zrIguNadeva sUripAya / tAsa.sIsaegasa racyo mAnasAgara uvajhAya // panara ekatrise migasire ujalI vIja guruvaar| gasa racyo siddha caka no gAvo zrI navakAra // siddha caka mahimA suNo bhaviyA karNadharevi / mana baMchita phala dAyaka eje suNe nitameva // eka manA je nita jape te ghara maMgala mAla / Rddhi anaMtI bhoga jima bhUpati zrIpAla (2) saM0 1726 kavi jJAnasAgara kRtamAramma-sakala sugasura jehanA pUjA bhAve pAya / purIsAdANI pAsajI te praNam cita laay|| .... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... maMta-sattara khvIsAnI mAso vadI bhAThama dina saar| siddhi yoga kIyo rAsa saMpUraNa puSyanakSatra guruvAra /

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prabandhAvalA. reghapura meM sarasa saMbaMdha e jJAnasAgara kahiyo rNge| dhanyAsiri meM DhAla cAlisI suNajyo sahU cita cNge| (3) vAra khaMDa kI zrIpAla caupAI meM se, jisakI 750 gAthA racane ke anaMtara zrI vinayavikraya jI kA svargavAsa ho gayA aura jise zrI yazovijaya jI ne saM0 1738 meM 1825 gAthAoM meM pUrNa kiyA thaa| bambaI ke jaina pustaka prakAzaka zrA0 bhIrmAsaha mApika ne ise chapAyA hai| Adi-kalpaveli kaviyaNa taNI sarasati kari supasAya / siddha cakra guNa gAvato pUra manoratha mAya // guru paraMparA ke vivaraNa ke pazcAt - aMta-saMvata satara ar3atIsa barase rahI rAnera caumAse jii| saMgha taNA Agraha thI mADyo rAsa adhika ullAse jI // (4) saM0 1740 meM zrI jinaharSasUri jI kRta zrIpAlagasa bhI bahuta manojJa hai| yadyapi isameM kucha gujarAtI apabhraMza zabda haiM tathApi saMskRta zabda isameM aise cune cune guthe hue haiM ki yaha graMtha lAlatya meM ucca koTikA hiMdI sAhitya hai| prArambha-zrI arihaMta anaMtaguNa dhariye hiya dhyAna / kevala jJAna prakAza kara dUri haTai ajJAna // aMta-saMvata satare sai cAlise, caitrAdika sujagIsa re| sAtama somavAra subhadivasa pATaNa visavAvIse re|| zrI kharataragaccha mahimAghArI jinacaMdasUri paTavArI re| zAMtiharSa vAcaka sukhakArI tAsa sIsa suvicArI re|| kahe jinaharSa bhavika nara suNijyo navapada mahimA thuNijyo re| unapaJcAse DhAle guNijyo nija pAtika vana luNijyo re // (5) ukta graMthakartA ne punaH saM0 1742 meM arthAt do hI varSa ke

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*prabandhAvalA. pazcAt aura eka zrIpAlanapa rAsa bnaayaa| isakI eka prati kAlavattA saMskRta kAlena lAIbrerI meM bhI maujUda hai ( naM0 172 ) / prArambha-cauvise praNamuM jina rAya, tAsa sAye navanidhi thAya / sua devI dhari hRdaya maMjhAra, kahisunavapada no adhikAra // aMta-zrI khantaragacha pati pragaTa, zrI jinacaMdra sUrIsa / gaNi zAMti haraSa vAcaka taNau, kahe jina harSa surgasa // (1) saM. 1837 meM kavi lAlacaMda jI racita zrIpAla caupAI / Adi-svasti zrI dAyaka sadA, cautisa atizayavaMta / praNamube kara joDine, jaganAyaka arihaMta // aMta kI kavitA barasa aThAre sai saitIse, sudi AsAr3ha kahIsa jii| dvitIyA maMgalavAra sudIsa, mithuna saMkrAMti jagIsa jii| lAlacaMda nija hita sabhAlI, vikathA dUrai TAlI jii| hemacaMdra kRta caritra nihAlI, caupaI kodhI rasAlI jI // (7) kavi cetanavijayajI sta zrIpAla caupAI, saM0 1853 kI rakhI huii| prArambha-devadharama guru sevake, navapada mahimA dhAra / arihaMta siddha AcAraja, pAThaka sAdha apAra // ata-vAcaka ddhivijaya gurukSAnI, tAsa ziSya sudha cetana jaanii| gasa racyo zrIpAla no bhAve, je bhaNase suNasai sukha pAve // bhaThArase bepana vikrama zASA / phAguna sudi dutiye zubha bhASA // (2) #. 1856 meM rUpamuni na zrIpAla caupAI ke prArambha kA pada -

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*12** prathama namo guru caraNa kuM pAyo jJAna aMkUra / jasu prasAda upagAra thI, sukha pAve bharapUra // aMta - saMvata aThArA chappane kahavAyA, phAguna mAsa savAyAjI / kRSNa saptamI ati hitakArI, sUrya vAra jayakArI jI // ekatAlIsamI DhAla bakhAnI, rUpamuni hitakArI jI / sune sunA rahe hitakArI, lahai maMgala: jayakArI jI // ( 1 ) SIM caupAI meM saMvat nahIM hai| isake karttA mumi tatva kumAra hai| Adi kA pada - * prayandhAvalA Adi puruSa AdIsarU, AdirAya Adeya / paramAtmA paramesarU, namo namo nAbheya // aMta kA pada tAsi sIsa muni tatvakumAra, tina e gAyo carita udAra / jaina bhASA sAhitya ke jo prAcIna grantha milate haiM ve AcArya sAdhuoM ke race hue hI adhika upalabdha haiM / zrAvaka loga vyApAra meM pha~se rahate the, aura sAdhu loga sAhitya kharcA ke prema se una bhASaka logoM ke upayogI viSayoM para grantha racakara apanA pANDitya dekhAte the| jainoM ke yati AcArya Adi cAturmAsa, arthAt zrAvaNa se kArttika taka, apane dharma ke niyamAnusAra eka hI sthAna meM rahane ke - kAraNa jisa samaya aura jisa sthAna meM Thaharate the usI samaya kI aura jisa nagara meM zrAvakoM kI saMkhyA adhika rahatI thI usI sthAna kI prantha racanA adhikatayA milatI hai| aise nagaroM meM banArasa, * AgarA, .illI, murzidAbAda, jaisalamera, jodhapura, ahamadAbAda, pATana, sUrata Adi mukhya haiN| mer3atA, : nAgora, kheda kA viSaya hai ki bhASA sAhitya kI aisI bahulatA rahane para -bhI hamAre prAcIna hindI jaina-sAhitya kA abhI taka bahuta hI

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*prabandhAvalA. kama jJAna hai| isa viSaya kA jitanA hI prakAza bar3hegA utanI hI hindI sAhitya kI puSTi hogI aura jaina sAhitya kI pratibhA dina dina bddh'egii| prAcIna jaina sAhitya ke dvAdaza zatAbdI se bhaThArahavIM zatAbdI taka ke kucha upalabdha pranyoM kA digdarzana yahAM karAyA jAtA hai| bArahavIM shtaabdii| vikrama saMvat 1167 meM jaina zvetAmbarAcArya zrI abhayadeva sUri jI ke svargavAsa ke pazcAt unake paTTa para zrI jinavallabha sUri AcArya hue, aura usI saMvat meM thor3e hI samaya bAda inakA dehAnta huaa| Apa bhI bar3e vidvAn aura prabhAvazAlI hue the| inake race hue saMghapaTTaka' Adi sUtra aura kaI saMskRta ke anya partamAna haiN| jahAM taka mujhako upalabdha huA hai hindI jana sAhitya meM inakA 'vRddhanavakAra' saba se prAcIna mAlUma hotA hai| isa stuti ke anta meM kevala inakA nAma hai| saMvat kA ullekha nahIM hai| parantu saM0 1167 meM inakA khA. pAsa hone ke kAraNa ukta prantha kI racanA kA samaya saM0 1160 se pUrva nizcita kiyA jA sakatA hai| isa saMvat ke pUrva kI koI jaina hindI racanA mujhe nahIM milI hai| isakI prArambha kI aura anta kI kavitA isa prakAra hai vRddhanavakAra / kiMkappattA re bhASaNa ciMtau maNa mitri| kiMcitAmaNi kAmadhenu ArAho bahugari // 1 // citrAvelI kAja kise desaMtara laMghau / yaNa rAsi kAraNa kise sApara ullaMghau / bavadaha puraSa sAra yuge eka navakAra / sayasa kAja mahigala sare duttara tare saMsAra // 2 //

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* 14* * prabandhAtralA* anta ke pada - eka jIha iNa maMtra taNA guNa kinA ykhaannu| nANa hIna chau mattha eha guNa pArana jANu // 34 // jima setruje tittha rAu mahimA udyvNtau| tima maMtraha dhuri eha maMtra rAjA jayavatau // 35 // ar3asaMpaya nava paya sahita igasaTha laghu akSara / guru akSara satteva eha jANo paramAkSara // 36 // guru jinavallaha sUri bhaNe siva sura ke kAraNa / maraya tiriya gaTTa roga soga bahu dukkha nivAraNa // 3 // jala thala panvaya vana gahana samaraNa huve ika citta / paMca parameSTi maMtraha taNI senA dejyo nitta // 38 // terahavIM shtaabd|| isa zatAbdo meM prasiddha henabandrAcArya jI ke banAe hue saMskRta prAkRta bahuta se granya haiM parantu unakA banAyA hindI grantha koI nahIM milA hai| kevala unake vyAkaraNa meM apabhraMza aura usa samaya ke pracalita anyoM meM se uddhRta udAharaNa milate haiN|| paNDita nAthUrAma jI ne isa samaya ke nimna likhita cAra granthoM kA ullekha kiyA hai (1)-jambUsvAmI rAsA-saM0 1266, dharmasUri kRt| (2)-revaMtagiri rAsA - sa. 1288 ke lagabhaga, vijayasena. sUri kRt| (3) aura ( 4 )-vinayacandasUri kRta-'neminAtha caupaI' aura 'uvaesa mAlA kahANaya chappaya' / 'unake banAe hue kumArapAla carita ( prAkRtavyAzraya kAvya ) kA kucha aMza apabhraMza arthAt usa samaya kI hindI meM hai, dekho nA0pra0 patrikA bhA0 2, pR0 121 / [saM0]

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prabandhAvalI. shtaabdii| paMDita nArAma jI ne isa zatAbdI ke 5 granthoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| deza meM pora rAjanaitika viplava ke kAraNa isa samaya meM adhika anya racanA hone kI sambhAvanA nahIM tho tathA abhI taka aura prantha upalabdha mo nahIM hue haiN| (1) saptani rAma-saM. 1327, kartA kA nAma nahIM hai| (2) saMghapati samAsa rAsa / (3) thUlibhadra phaagu| ..4) pravandhacintAmaNi ke mASA phayAnaka (1) (5) kacchuli ssaa| paMjahavIM shtaabdii| paNDita nAthUrAma jI premI ne isa zatAbdI ke kevala tIna hI anyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai parantu isa zatAbdI ke aura bhI pratya upalabdha haiN| isI samaya se bhASA sAhitya unnati ke sopAna meM car3hane lagA aura satrahavIM aThArahavIM zatAbdI meM umva zikhara para phuNcaa| (1) saM0 1412 meM upAdhyAya vinayaprama kRta 'mautama rAsA', isameM carama tIrthaMkara zrI mahAvIra svAmI ke pradhAna ziSya gautama svAmI kA saMkSisa paritra hai| isa stuti ko lAmadAyaka aura mAMgalika samajhakara zrAvaka soga isakA nitya pATha karate haiN| yaha choTA pranya hai aura anta meM saMvat tathA OM vinayaprabha kA nAma hai| premI jI tathA aura lekhaka kisa kAraNa se 'vinayaprama' ke sthAna meM inakA "udayavaMta' yA 'vijayabhadra' nAma likhate haiM yaha samajha meM nahIM aataa| stuti ke anta meM nAma spaSTa hai / "vinaya pahu uvamjhAya dhuNIje" (2) 201423, jJAna paMcamI nauI-viyaNa kata /

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* prabandhAralI. (3) saM0 1486, dhamadatta caritra-dayAsAgara sUri kRta / isa samaya ke nimna likhita grantha aura bhI mile haiN| (4) haMsa vaccha raas| (5) sholraas| donoM ke kartA vinayaprabha upAdhyAya haiN| (6) saM0 1413, mayaNarehA rAsa-harasevaka muni kRt| (7) saM0 1450, ArAdhanA gasa-somasundara sUri kRta / (8) saM0 1455, zAMtarasa gasa-muni sundara kRta / paMDita manasukhalAla kIratacanda mehatA ne apane jaina sAhitya ke nibaMdha meM nimnalikhita tIna anthoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| (6) saM0 1423, zivadattarAsa-siddhasUri chata (pATaNa bhaMDAra) (10) saM0 1426, kalikAlarAsa-hIrAnandasUri kRta ( jesalamera bhaMDAra) (11) saM0 1485, vidyAvilAsa rAsa-(bhaDoca nagara bhaMDAra ) inake sivA mujhe (12) saM 1481 kA upAdhyAya jayasAgara kRta 'kuzalamUri stotra' milA hai| isake Adi aura anta kI kavitA isa prakAra hai| prAraMbha-risaha jiNe.sara so jayo, maMgala keli nivaas| vAsava vaMdiya paya kamala, jaga saha pUre Asa / / ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... manta-saMvat baudaha ikyAsI barase mulaka vAhaNapura meM mana haraSai ajiya jinesara vara bhavaNe / kIyo kavitta ai. maMgala kAraNa vighana haraNa sahu pApa nivAraNa koI mata saMzoM dharo mane // 1 // jima jima sevai susnara rAyA zrI jinakuzala munIsara pAyA jaya sAyara uvajhAya thunne| ima jo sada guru guNa abhinaMde Rddhi samRddhe so cira na mana baMcchita phala mujha huvo e // 2 //

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* prabandhAvalI * solahavIM zatAbdI | premI jI ne isa zatAbdI ke kevala pAMca pranthoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| (1) saM0 1548, sAra sikhAvana rAsa - savegasundara kRta / (2) saM0 1561, lalitAMga caritra - Izvara sUri kRta / (3) saM0 1578, rAmasItA caritra - bAlacandra kRta / ( 4 ) saM0 1580, kRpaNa caritra ThakurasI kRta / (5) saM0 1581, yazodhara caritra - gauravadAsa kRta / bAbU jJAnacanda jainI ne 'dipambara bhASA granthAvalI' meM uparyukta naM0 5 ke sivA 'saM0 1518, zrAvakAcAra - paM0 dharmadAsa kRta' kA ullekha kiyA hai / vakIla mohana dalocanda jI ne 'jainarAsamAlA puravaNI' meM isro samaya ke 23 granthoM kI TIpa isa prakAra likhI hai / (1) saM0 1502, RSidattA rAsa 1512, siddhAMta rahasya " ( 2 ) ( 3 ) ( 8 ) (5) ( 6 ) " ( 7 ) ( 8 ) (e) (10) 10 D " 1534, bAravrata caupAI 1550, munipati rAsa 1553, ghanada rAta " lalitAMga rAsa - kSamAkalasa kRta 1556, gajasiMha kumara caupAI - kavisundara kRta (11) (12) 1560, naMdabacisI kopAI - jJAnazIla kRta (13) 1561, ajAkumAra rAsa - dharmadeva kRta 39 (14) sudarzana seTha rAsa (15) devarAja baccharAja caupAI - lAvaNyaratna kasa m "" " " D n 13 1513, macchodara rAsa - lAvaNyarana kRta / 1522, jambUsvAmI rAsa 1523, jinabhavasthiti - jJAna sAgara kRta 1531, dhannA zAlibhadra rAsa - devakIrtti kRta " 99

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* prabandhAvalI* (16) " 1573, yazodhara rAsa-lAvaNyaratna kRta (17) " 1576, caMpakamAlA-saubhAgyasAgara ziSya kRta " 1583, dhanasAra paMcazAlI rAsa-lAbhamaMDana kRta (16) " 1584, kuladhvajakumAra caupAI-dharmasurendra kRta 1588, AtmarAjA rAsa-sahaja sundara kRta " 1560, icchApariNAma caupAI-bhAvasAgara kRta (22) " 1564, kRtakarma kumAra caupAI (23) " " tetalI putra gasa-kaviyaNa kRta kalakattA gavarnameMTa saskRta kAleja lAibrerI ke hastalikhita jaina pranthoM kI sUcI meM ukta zatAbdI ke kaI bhASA grantha haiN| unameM se kucha anthoM kA vivaraNa yahAM diyA jAtA hai| (1)saM0 1585, paNDita dharmadAsa gaNi racita 'upadezamAlA' pranya kA bAlabodha, yaha gadya hai| (2) saM0 1550, rAsacandra sUri kRta 'munipati rAjarSi crit|" isake anta kA pada hai saMvat panara pacAso jANi vadi vaisAkha mAsa mana ANi / dina saptamI raciu ravivAra bhaNai suNai tiha harSa apAra // (3) saM. 1562, meM muni Ananda kA racA huA 'vikrama pApara rit'| inake sivA usa samaya ke ullekha yogya kucha grantha mere saMgraha meM hai, jaise (1) paNDita lAvaNyasamaya gaNi kRta saM0 1568 kA vimala mantrI rAsa' aura (2) saM0 1575 kA kara 'saMvAda rAsa' haiN| (3)saM0 1572 kA kavi sahana sundara kRta 'guNaratnAkara chaMda hai| isake prArambha kI kavitA isa prakAra haiprAraMbha-zazikara nikara samajjvala marAla mAruhya sarasvatI devii| vicarati kavijana hadraye sadaye saMsAra bhaya haraNI / /

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*pravandhAvalA. haste kADala pustaka vINA sohai nANa mANa guNa liinnaa| a lIla vilAsaM sA devI sarasaI jyu|| isI prakAra zAradA kI stuti saMskRta prAkRta hiMdI milI huI hai| stuti ke anta ke pada paya paNamu sarasatI mAtA suNi eka binnnnttii| mAMgU avirala vANI diyo varadAna guNa jaannii|| ANI nava nava baMdha nava nava chaMdaina navanavAbhAvA / guNa rayaNA yacchaMdaM vaNNisu guNa dhUlabhahassa.. maMdhAre dIpaka jima kIjai ujavAle paramAratha lIjai / elamaha tima dhyAna dharaMtA nAma jape phala hoI anaMtA / / aMta meM racayitA kA nAma aura saMvat jala bhariyAM sAyara ta divAyara teja kareM jA cNd| sahi gurupaya baMdauM tAM lagi nadauM guNa ratnAkara unda // upaesagaNa maMtraNa duriya vihaMDana gilyA rayaNa smudd| uvajhAya puraMdara mahimA sundara maMgala karauM subhadda // saMvat panara bahuttari barasa e maiM chanda racyo mana hrye| milyo gaNaraha kya naya candai sahaja sundara bolau aannNde|| satrahavIM shtaabdii| mArata ke sAhitya kI unnati ke liye yaha zatAbdI sarva prakAra se eka atulanIya samaya hai| isa samaya ke sAhitya kA pUrA itihAsa likhane se eka bar3A pranya ho sakatA hai| "mizrabaMdhu' ne aura pAMca kaviyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai : (1) yati udayarAja (2) vidyAkamala (3) muni lAvaNya (4) guNasUri (5) lUNa sAgara / parirata nAyugama jI ne nau kaviyoM aura unake mukhya pranthoM kA varNana kiyA hai :

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* 20 * * praya dhAvalI. (1) banArasI dAla (2) kAyAga deva ( 3 ) mAladera ( 4 ) he vijaya (5) rUpacanda (6) rAvala (7) kuMvarapAla (8) jina dAsa (1) hemraaj| isa zatAbdI ke aura bhI ullekha yogya kaviyoM ke nAma aura kucha upalabdha grantha isa prakAra hai kavi RSabhadAsajI ne kaI acche acche aitihAsika rAsa race haiM janameM saM0 1662 kA 'rAjA zreNika rAsa' aura saM0 1670 kA 'kumArapAla rAsa' aura 'rohiNIya rAsa' prasiddha grantha haiN| upAdhyAya samaya sundarajI bhI zvetAmbara sAdhuoM meM eka zreSTha kavi ho gaye haiN| inakI racanA bahuta sarala hai, choTe bar3e saiMkar3oM prAtha inake dhanAe hura milate haiN| unameM se zatrujaya rAsa, zAMva pradyumna rAsa, priyamelaka caupAI, poSaha vidhi caupAI, jinadattarSi kathA, pratyekabuddha caupAI, karakaMDU caupAI, nala damayantI caupAI, ghalkala vIrI caupAI Adi vizeSa pracalita hai| rAsa caritra caupAI Adi bar3e pranthoM ke sivA zrAvakoM ke pratikramaNa ke samaya pATha yogya dharma nIti caritrAdi para inake race hue choTe choTe bahuta grantha haiN| * ye bar3e bhAvuka kavi ho gaye haiN| inakI kavitA kA eka sundara udAharaNa dekhiye| karama bharama jaga-timira-harana khaga, uraga-lakhana-paga ziva-maga darasi / nirakhata nayana bhavika jala varaSata, haraSata amita bhavika-jana sarasi // madana-kadana-jita parama-dharama-hita, sumirata bhagata bhagata saba ddrsi| sajala-jalada-tana mukuTa-sapata-phana, kamaTha-dalana jina namata bamarasi // 1 // samayasAra nATaka

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* pravandhAvalo. saM0 1686 meM paMDita kuzaladhora gaNi ruta 'veli' kA gadyAtmaka pAlabodha isa samaya ke hiMgala gadya jana sAhitya kA acchA mamUnA hai| pAvU zyAmasundaradAsa jI ne apanI riporTa meM saM0 1616 ke kavi prajharAyamala kRta 'haNuvaMta mokSagAmI kathA' kA ullekha kiyA hai| vakIla mohanalAla dalIcanda jI ne bhI isa zatAbdI ke bahuta se bhASA jaina pranthoM ke nAma prakAzita kie haiN| ukta zatAbdI ke kucha pranthoM kI kramavAra tAlikA : saMvat nAma phartA (1) 1601, agaradasa rAsa-sumati muni (2) 1606, dhannA rAsa-hemarAja (3) 1612, pArevata rAsa-prIti vijaya (4) 1616, kSulaka kumAra rAsa-somavimala (5) 1618, saptarabhedI pUjA-sAdhukIrti (6) 1622, pecAkhyAna caupAI-guNameru sUri (0) 1624, bhASar3habhUti pravaMdha-sAdhukIrti 18) 1625, dharmaparIkSA-mumati sUri (6) 1632, munimAlikA-cAritra siMha (10) 1633, kSulaka kumAra caritra-somavimala (11) 1634, bAravalI caritra-vijaya deva sUri (12) 1638, zatrujaya udhAra stava-nayasundara (13) , zAlibhadra caupAI-matisAra (14) , bhASAr3a bhUti coDhAliyA-kanakasoma (15) 1644, sundara sati copAI-Ananda sUri (16) 1645, rasaramA sAra-jayacandra (17) 1650, amaya kumAra caupAI-panarAja (18) 1657, chinnu jinastuti-jayasoma (16) :656, pratyeka buddha rAsa -saubhAgya sundara

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* 22 * * prabandhAvalI. saMvat nAma kartA (20) 1663, karpUra maMjarI rAma-kanaka sundara (21) 1664, vijaya deva sUri rAsa- kanaka saubhAgya (22 1667, jIva svarUpa caupAI-guNa vinaya (23) 1666, zIla rakSA prakAza - naya sundara agarahavIM shtaabdii| gata zatAdI se hI barAbara sAhitya kI pUrI jAgrati dekhane meM AtI hai aura isa samaya ke bahuna se gadya padya prantha vidyamAna haiN| premaujI ne donoM sampradAyoM ke 25 vidvAnoM ke nAma tathA unake bhASA sAhitya ke pranthoM kA kucha hAla diyA hai| mizrabandhu vinoda meM 6 kaviyoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| vakIla mohanalAla dalIcanda jI 'ne lagabhaga 30 granthakarttA aura unake pranthoM kI TIpa likhI hai| bAbU zyAmasundaradAsa jI ne isa zatAbdI ke nimna likhita pranya aura grantha phartAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| (1) saM0 1715 meM avala kIrti AcArya kRta 'viSApahAra bhASA' / (2) saM0 1741 meM dharmamandira yaNi kRta 'prabodhacintAmaNI' / (3) saM0 1775 meM manohara khaNDelavAla kRta 'dhrmpriikssaa'| phalakattA saMskRta kAleja meM isa zatAbdI ke jaina bhASA sAhitya kI kA uttama uttama hastalikhita pustra ke vidyamAna haiN| isake atirikta isa samaya ke jo bhASA sAhitya ke uttama brantha upalabdha haiM unameM se kucha prakAzita haiM aura bahuta se aprakAzita hai / kavi lAla vijayajI ke ziSya paM0 saubhAgya vijaya kRta saM0 1750 kA 'tIrthamAlA stavana' abhI taka prakAzita nahIM huA hai / yaha chandobaddha tIrthayAtrA kA vivaraNa bar3I hI yogyatA se banAyA gayA hai| kavi ___ * yaha tIrthamAlA gujarAtI meM "prAcIna tIrthammalA saMgraha" nAma kI pustaka meM chapI hai|

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prabandhAvalI. Agare se prAyaH sabhI pradhAna tIrthasthAnoM meM gaye hai aura pratyeka sthAna kA varNana kAvyarasa pUrNa hai| isake Adi aura anta ke kAvya isa prakAra haibhArammadohA-Ananda dAI gare praNamau pAya ninnNd| ciMtAmaNi ciMtAharaNa kevala zAma dinaMda / samarU zArada svAminI jina pANI sukhadAya / jAsa prasAda kaviyaNa taNI vANI niramala thAya / praNamI zrI guru karaNayuga prANI adhika ullAsa / tIrthamAla pravataNI karasyoM bacana vilAsa // jahAM jahAM zrI jinarAja ke kalyANaka kahivAya / vija nayaNe nirakhyA jike deza gAma ne TAya / kahisyoM te saghalA hivai suNajyoHcatura sujANa / suNatAM tIrathamAla ne janama huvai supramANa / aMta meM-- tIrthamAlA, atirasAlA, paMca kalyANaka tnnii| saMvata saptarase pacAse lAbha ANI maiM thuNI / zrI vijayaratna sUri gachapatti sadA saMgha suhaM kro| guru lAlavijaya taNe pasAe saubhAgya vijaya jaya 2 kro| isa samaya prasiddha adhyAtmika lekhaka yazavijaya ho gaye haiM, jindoMne jaina tatvajJAna ke viSaya meM (1) adhyAtma sAra (2) samAdhi sataka (3) samatA sataka (4) dravyaguNaparyAya rAsa (5) yoga dUdhi svAdhyAya (6) vIra stuti (7) vAhana samudra vivAda-(8) nizcaya-vyavahAra naya vivAda (1) dikapaTa caurAsI bola (10) SaTsthAna sarUpa caupAI Adi kaI bhASA anya race haiN| isa zatAbI ke yahAM kucha pracalita bhASA granthoM ko tAlikA dI jAtI hai|

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* prabandhAvalI saMghat mAma (1) 1707, bhaMjanA sundarI caupAI-bhuvana phorti (2) 1714, guNAvalI caupAI-gajakuzala (3) 1716, dharmanAtha vinatI-kIrti vijaya (5) 1716, vikramAditya lIlAvatI caupAI-sumati maMdira (5) , ASAr3ha bhUti caupAI - jJAna sAgara (6) 1721, phayakannA caupAI-jayatasiMha (7 1723, aSTa prakArI pUjA-jinavandra (8) 1724. amara sena vayara sena yogAI-indra jI (1) , guNamaMjarI varadatta caupAI-RSabha sAgara (10) , vikrama sena narendra caupAI-mAnasAgara (11) 1726, aTThAIsa labdhi-dharma siMha (12) 1727, mAnatuGga mAnavatI caupAI- abhaya soma (13) 1728, candralehA caupAI-mati kuzala (14) 1726, bautrIza daMDaka stuti-dharamaptI (15) 1732, nandasena virocana caupAI - Ananda sUri (16) 1735, sura sundarI caupAI-harSavijaya (17) 1736. rakhapAla rAsa- sUra vijaya (18) , sura sundarI satI caupAI-dharma varddhana (16) 1738, vikramAditya caupAI-lakSmI vallabha (20) , rAtrI bhojana caupAI -, , (21) , paMca daNDa caupAI- , , (22) 1741, khemAharAliyAno rAsa-lakSmI na (23) , moha viveka rAsa - dharma maMdira (24) , avaMti sukumAla caupAI - zAMti harSa (25) 1742, bhIma yaupAI-kIrti sAgara sUri (26) , kumAra pAla rAsa-harSa sUri (27) , dharma buddhi caupAI-lAla cancha

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*pravandhAvalI. saMvat nAma (28) 1746, vitra sambhUta caupAI-jIva rAja (9) 1740. bhacAmara kathA-vinodI lAla (30) 1751, ajita khena phanakAvatI caupAI-harSa sUrista (31) 1752, RSi dattA caupAI-prIti sAgara (32) , uttama kumAra caupAI-vijaya banda (33) 1754, para prakArI pUjA-udaya rata (34) 1757, dazAraNa bhadra cauDhAliyA-jinacanda sUri (35) 1558, jaMvU svAmI caupAI-naya vimala (23) , rasiMha kumAra caupAI-mohana vijaya (37) 1756, zreNika abhaya kumAra caupAI-kIrti sundara (38) 1760, mAnatuna mAnavavI caupAI-mohara vijaya (36 1766, samyaka vicAra garmita mahAvIra stavana-nyAyasAgara 10) 1966, muvana mAnu keklI rAsa-udaya rana (41) , jina rasa khijhAya-gheNI rAma (42) 1776, mAnama sArovAra-devacandra (43) , mokSamArga vanikA-" (44) 1083, sumati pahelI caupAI-pAyavanda (45) 1785, zAMtinAtha rAsa-rAma vijaya (46) 1768, mANika devI rAsa-nihAla canda (46) 1766, saMyama zreNika stuti-uttama vijaya saMvat naMda nidhi muni baMda, deva dayA kara paayo| prathama jinezvara pAraNa divaseM,stavatAM kalaza bddh'aayo| nAgarI pracAriNI patrikA (navIna saMskaraNa saM0 1674) mA03 . 2, 10 171-188 /

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sampAdaka kA karttavya Aja kala jisa ora dRSTipAta karate haiM udhara hI samvAda patroM, mAsika patrikAoM aura choTe bar3e prakAzita pranthoM kA bahudhA pracAra dekhane meM AtA hai| dainika, saptAhika, pAkSika, mAsika, traimAsika Adi saba prakAra ke sAmayika sAhityapatra bhArata ke prAyaH saba hI prAntoM se prakAzita ho rahe haiN| ajaina sAmayika maura sthAyI sAhitya kI to gaNanA honI kaThina hai; parantu prAkRta, saMskRta, gujarAtI, hindI Adi bhASAoM meM prakAzita jaina pranthoM aura sAhitya patroM kI saMkhyA bhI prati dina bar3hatI hI calI jA rahI hai| kintu yaha anubhava siddha hai . ki thor3A sA suTaGkhalita kArya bahuta se zRGkhalAvihIna aura satruTi kArya se kahIM acchA hotA hai| kabhI 2 to yathAvat na kiye hue kAma kA honA usa ke na hone ke hI samAna ho jAtA hai| jaise kisI pustaka kA azuddha aura naSTa bhraSTa saMskaraNa vidvAnoM ko dRSTimeM bahuta hI doSanIka hotA hai| vizeSa sAhitya ke pranthoM ke sampAdana ke liye bar3e zaktizAlI hAthoM aura vyutpanna mastiSka kI AvazyakatA hai| maiM sampAdana ke kArya ko do bhAgoM meM letA hU~ : ( 1 ) prandha sampAdana / (2) sAmayika patra sampAdana / prathama sarva prakAra ke sAhitya pracAra ke kArya meM prAcIna sAhitya kA sampAdana kArya vizeSa kaThina hai| prAcIna sAhitya ke pracAra ke liye sampAdaka ko sarva prathama usa kI bhASA para dhyAna denA hogaa| jaba taka

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* 28 ** prabandhAvalI * mUla pranthakarttA kA vicAra avikala rUpa se sarva sAdhAraNa meM na pracA rita ho taba taka usa prantha kA saccA pracAra huA aisA samajhanA nahIM cAhiye 1 bhaura yaha taba ho saktA hai ki jaba sampAdaka mUla granthakAra ke Azaya ko ThIka samajha kara apane kAma meM hAtha deN| yaha hama loga acchI taraha se jAnate haiM ki pracalita bhASA pAMca 2 yA dasa 2 yA sau sau kosoM para kucha na kucha badalI huI pratIta hotI haiM / aura hama jitane adhika dUra jAyeMge utanA hI hameM pratyakSa aura parokSa antara milegA 1 yahAM taka ki do tIna sau kosa para jAkara itanA antara ho jAtA hai ki paraspara kI bhASA samajhane meM bhI kaThinAiyAM par3atI haiN| dekhiye yadi koI kAzmIra se pAMca 2 yA dasa 2 kosa prati dina calatA huA baMgAla pahuMcegA to use baMga bhASA sIkhe binA hI samajha meM AtI jAyagI / aura yadi vizrAma karatA huA Ave to use kramAgata antara pratIta nahIM hogA / saMyukta prAMta kI bhASA paMjAba va bihAra se samatA rakhatI hai bihAra kI bhASA meM baMgalA raMga car3hane lagatA hai, mithilA hote hue baMgAla pahuMcane taka vahI paMjAbI baMgalA ho jAtI hai / athavA yadi baMgAla se paMjAba jAMya to vahI baMgalA bhASA kramazaH paMjAba pahuMcane taka paMjAbI banI huI milegI / jo sajjana kisI bhASA ke prAcIna sAhitya ke marmajJa honA cAhate haiM unheM Avazyaka hai ki prathama usI bhASA ke vartamAna rUpa se yatheSTa paravita hokara kramazaH pIche ko caleM, jaise ki hameM hemacandrAcArya ke prAkRta vyAkaraNa kA pUrA jJAna ho to pahile vartamAna samaya ke kucha prAkRta vyAkaraNa prantha dekhakara krama se Age ke grantha par3hate cale jAMya / aura una ke samaya ke poche ke jahAM taka grantha milate jAMya, isI prakAra bar3hate hue vahAM taka dekhate jAMya, to una ke vyAkaraNa ke marmma jAnane meM bahuta kama kaThinAI hogo / astu isa rIti se jJAna prApta kara lene para hI hama apanI TIkA TippaNI dvArA yathAvat mUla granthakarttA ke manobhAvoM ko zuddha rUpa se vidvAnoM ke samakSa rakhane meM samartha ho sake haiN| yadi

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"prabandhAvalo. eka bAra hI chalAMga mArakara prAcIna sAhitya sampAdana karane baiTheMge to hameM agaNita ThokareM khAnI par3ego aura hama bharose ke sAtha na kaha sage ki hamArA artha nissandeha granthakAra ke bhAva kA yathAvata dyotaka hai| ataeva anyasampAdana kArya ke liye bhASA kA jJAna atyAvazyaka hai| isI jJAna se sampAdakoM ko lekhoM kI bhUle, sulekhoM ke akSaroM ko maror3e, aura unakI vyaktigata abhiruci aura bhAvoM kA saundarya sampUrNa rUpa se pratIta ho jaaygaa| aura yahI bhASA-jJAnarUpI kavaca dhAraNa karake sarva prakAra kI kaThinAiyoM se yuddha karate hue hama sampA. dana rUpa kaThora kAryakSetra meM agrasara hote cale jaayge| dUsarA pranya nirvAcana kArya bhI kaThina hai| kauna se anya ke jorNoddhAra kA pracAra pahile honA Avazyaka hai, vaha anya kisa viSaya kA hai aura kitanA purAnA hai, usa ke sampAdana kArya meM kauna samartha hai ki jinheM vaha sauMpA jAya ityAdi bAteM isa viSaya meM vicAraNIya hai| hamAre vivAra se dArzanika vA vaijJAnika pranthoM kI rakSA sarvopari hai| paraMtu ye hara kisI ke hAthoM se nyAya pAne vAle viSaya nahIM hai| ata. eva isa viSaya meM yadi ina bAtoM para dhyAna nahIM diyA gayA to isa kArya meM lagAI huI zakti aura artha vyartha hI jaaygaa| prAcIna jaina sAhitya ke nirvAcana para ho una kA sampAdana kArya sarvathA nirbhara hai| bhAjakala isa kArya meM kisI prakAra kA niyama, kisA bhAMti kI lA, koI viSaya vibhAga kA vicAra pUrNa rUpa se nahIM kiyA jAtA hai| kahAM taka kaheM kucha hai hI nahIM! hameM mAja taka pUga patA nahIM ki hamAre ghara meM kitane vyAkaraNa hai, kitane koSa hai, aura unameM se kinheM pahile sampAdana karanA ucita hai| pustakoM ke nirvAcana sampAdana vA prakAzana meM kucha na kucha uddezya, siddhAMta, koI nizcita abhISTa avazya honA caahiye| paraMtu vaha hamAre yahAM kucha bhI nhiiN| eka pustaka kA eka maMza athavA bhAga chapA hai to dUsare kI kucha bhI khabara nahIM lI gii| isI prakAra se samaya kA vicAra yA viSaya kA

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* pravandhAvalI vibhAga sampAdakoM ko yA to huA hI nahIM yA unhoMne use kArya meM pariNata karanA vyartha smjhaa| jisa samaya deza meM mudrAyaMtra na the, pustakoM ke likhavAne vA prakArA karane meM bar3I kaThinAiyAM hotI thIM, para jaba se chApe kI prathA bhArata meM prArambha huI hamArI bahuta kaThinAiyAM dUra ho gaI haiN| paraMtu duHkha hai ki apane jaina bhrAtAoM ne chApe kA utanA lAbha nahIM uThAyA ki jitanA anya hindU bhrAtAoM ne usase uThAyA hai| hama mudrAyaMtra kA itihAsa dekhate haiM to Aja savA sau varSa se bhArata meM chApane kA kAma cala rahA hai| saba se pahile IsvI san 1762 meM baGgAla meM baGgale TAipa meM saMskRta pustaka, chApI gaI thii| jaina dharma kI saba se pahilI chapI pustaka, jo mere dekhane meM bhAI hai, vaha I0 san 1868 meM mudrita huI thI / parantu aneka vAra hamAro anudAratA aura aMdha vizvAsa hameM saMsAra ke sAtha samunnata hone meM sahasra bAdhA DAlatA hai| kitaneka mahAzaya pranthoM ke chApane ke hI virodhI haiM kitane hI likhita pustakoM ko bhUloM ke saMzodhana ke zatru haiM yahAM taka ki bahutoM ko zabda alaga 2 kATa kara likhane aura Thaharane ke cinhoM aura virAmoM ke dene kA bhI virodha hai ! samaya parivartanazIla hai| hameM saMsAra ke sAtha calanA ho nahIM hai kintu hameM apane dharma prantha sAhitya bhaMDAra aura apane prAcIna gaurava ko surakSita rakhanA hai| ina mahat kAryoM ke liye mahat udyoga karanA hogaa| hamArA kArpaNya, hamArI andhaparamparA, hamArA haTha kAma na . degaa| isa ke vinA phala yaha hogA ki saMsAra prakAza meM rahe aura jaina andherai garta meM ho par3e par3e dekhA kreN| koI anya kyoM na ho usakA gaurava usake kartA ke hAtha se nikalane para jo thA utanA hI nahIM parantu usase kaI gunA adhika banAye rakhane ke liye hameM Avazyaka hai ki hama unheM supAtra uttarAdhikArI ko bhAMti acchI prakAra samAlocanA aura upayukta TIkA TippaNo ke sAtha bar3I sAvadhAnI se prakAzita kreN| kaI prakAra ke moTe patale

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* prabandhAvalI akSaroM kA mora AvazyakAnuyAyo lAla pIle raMgoM se saMketoM kA vyavahAra jo bahuta prAcIna kAla se calA AtA hai, vaha niyama bhA sampAdakoM ko pUrA dhyAna meM rakhanA caahiye| isake atirikta anya ko subodha aura sarvapriya samaya bacAne vAlA karane ke liye prakAzita karane ke samaya anya ko AvazyakIya sUciyAM dAkhila karanI bho sampAdaka kA pradhAna kartanya hai| yadi pustaka zuddha ho nahIM huI pUrI chAna cIna jAMca par3atAla ke sAtha chApA hAna maI to dUsarI gauNa pAtoM para jona dhyAna detA hai| yaha adhika samaya kI bAta nahIM hai ki murzadAbAda nivAsI svargIya rAyabahAdura dhanapatisiMha jI ne bahuta sA dranya vyaya karake zve. jaina pranyoM ko sampAdata karAkara prakAzita kiyA thaa| bar3e duHkha ke sAtha kahanA par3atA hai ki ve pustaka azuddhiyoM ke kAraNa vidvAnoM meM yatheSTa sammAnita nahIM huii| inake prakAzita anyoM para zraddheya DAkUra hArnala sAhaba likhate haiM: "As an edition it is worthless, being made with no regard whatsoever to textual or grammatical correctness, both in its Sanskrit and Prakrit portions" ( Upasaka-dasa, Bibliotheca Indica Series, Introduction, page xi, Calcutta 1890, ) tAtparya yaha hai ki hama anyoM ke sampAdana kAryakartA ko mApane bilakula hI bslaayaa| parantu yaha pula kI bAta hai ki dhana lagAyA jAya bhora lAma meM ulTI badanAmI mile| yaha kevala thor3I so asAyapAnI kA ho phala hotA hai| ataeva uparyuka viSayoM para dhyAna rakhakara sampAdana kArya sadA dhairya ke sAtha karanA caahiye| mAla kI prasiddha aiziyATika sosAiTI se rAra hAnale ne uka 'bho upAsaka pazA' nAmaka jaina zvetAmbara bhAgama kA sAnubAda saMskaraNa prakAzita

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*32 * 4 prabandhAvalI kiyA hai| Aja taka bhArata varSa se prakAzita koI bhI jaina grantha isake mukAbale meM nahIM chapA hai| sampUrNa Avazyakoya TIkA Tippa. NiyoM aura sUciyoM ke sAtha aisA zuddha saMskaraNa eka Adarza sthala hai| hAla meM amerikA ke "Harvard Oriental Series'' meM hArTala sAhabane pUrNabhadra gaNi kRta "paMcataMtra kA eka saMskaraNa sampAdita kiyA hai| Apane isa kArya meM lagabhaga 10 hastalikhita pustakoM ko bar3e kaSTa se dUra dUra se ekatrita karake mUla ko milAyA hai aura eka ra akSaroM ko dekhA hai| kitane hI pAThAntaroM aura kathAoM ke hera phera para satarka vAdAnuvAda kiyA hai| bhUloM kA parizodhana aura upayukta prastAvanA aura pariziSToM dvArA grantha ko vibhUSita karanA Apa kA ho kAma hai| itane Antarika guNa hone para bhI bAhyarUpa para kA dhyAna nahIM diyA gayA hai| maiMne Aja taka itanA sundara saMskaraNa kisI bhI bhAratIya grantha kA nahIM dekhA / ataeva maiM vizvAsa karatA hUM ki sampA. dana kArya isa hI uparyukta prakAra ke Adarza para hone se cAhe ve anya prAcIna hoM vA navona hoM samasta saMsAra meM suyogya sampAdana ke bala se nissandeha sammAnita hoNge| azuddha pustakoM se bahudhA vidyA ke sthAna para avidyA hI phailatI hai| pAThakagaNa yaha na samajhe ki maiM kevala apane anya sampAdana kArya kI truTiyAM likha rahA huuN| nahIM pratyuta mujhe Aja taka yahAM ke prakAzita amUlya granthoM ke acche 2 saMskaraNoM kA gharAvara smaraNa hai| apane jaina zvetAmbara siddhAnta granthoM ke prakAzana kArya meM bambaI ko zrI Agamodaya samiti tathA rAyacandra jaina zAstramAlA, sUrata kI zrI devacaMda lAla bhAI jaina pustakoddhAra saMsthA, banArasa kI zrI yazovijaya jaina granthamAlA, bhAvanamara kI zrI jainadharma prasAraka sabhA, jAmanagara ke paM0 zromAn hIrAlAla haMsarAja ne jo 2 grantha prakAzita kiye haiM, ve avazya prazaMsanIya haiN| hamAre acche 2 digambara jaina siddhAnta granthoM kA ina varSoM meM jaina siddhAnta bhavana Asa se, bAbaI kI mANikyacaMda

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* prabandhAvalI # * 33 * jaina grantha mAlA - aura jaina grantha ratnAkara kAryAlaya, tathA kalakattA kI jaina siddhAMta prakAzinI saMsthA se evaM sUrata ke di0 jaina pustakAlaya : tathA lAhaura ke sva0 jJAnacanda jI dvArA prakAzana huA hai / sAhitya premI zrImAn bar3audA nareza kI tarapha se gAyakavAr3a oriyaMTala sirIz2a meM bhI kaI jaina granthoM kA atyuttama saMskaraNa chapa cukA hai aura chapa rahA hai| bambaI saMskRta sirIz2a meM bhI kaI prAkRta, saMskRta jaina granthoM kA acchA sampAdana huA hai / inake sivAya iMglaiNDa, amerikA, phrAMsa, jarmanI, iTAlI nAveM Adi sthAnoM meM arjuna vidvAnoM ne jo kucha mUla, anuvAda, TIkA TippaNiyoM ke sAtha grantha prakAzita kiye haiM unake liye samasta jaina samAja AbhArI hai| yaha ava dUsarA viSaya sAmayika patroM ke sampAdana kA kArya hai / bhI kAma bahuta kaThina hai| Aja kala sampAdaka use kahate haiM ki jo mahAzaya prabandha likhe, prUpha par3heM aura patra patrikA chapavAveM / parantu yaha dhAraNA bhI bhramapUrNa samajhanA caahiye| ina kAryoM ke sampAdaka kA pradhAna karttavya ucita viSayoM kA cunanA, una para likhe lekhoM ko pasaMda karanA unheM sthAna denA aura niSpakSapAta ke sAtha pUrNarUpa se sampAdana kA kArya karanA hai / yadi sampAdaka svayaM likheM to koI aparAdha nahIM hai, parantu yaha sambhava nahIM hai ki Apa auroM ke hI lekhoM ko par3ha kara unake guNa doSoM ko dekheM aura sampAdana ke pratyeka kAma ko svayaM dekha rekha kare aura svayaM hI likhate raheM / parantu AvazyakatAnusAra unheM apanI lekhanI se bho kAma lenA cAhiye / to bhI mukhyataH viSayoM kA sudhAra karanA hI patroM ke sampAdaka kA pradhAna kArya honA cAhiye / patroM ke sampAdana meM sAhasa aura dhairya ke sAtha dhana, samaya aura zakti kI bhI AvazyakatA hai| aura ina saboM kA sadupayoga sarvathA vAMchanIya hai / mere vicAra se nimnalikhita kaI bAta para dhyAna rakhane se patra sampAdana kArya meM sahAyatA milegI : -- ( 1 ) patra patrikA kI bhASA jitanI suvodha hogI hatanI hI

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*prabandhAvalI. adhika par3hI jaaygii| kaThina bhASA ke patroM ko kevala vidvAna ho (1) patra patrikA aisI prakAzita honI cAhiye ki jinheM dekhakara citta prasanna ho| unameM kAg2az2a Adi bhI aise diye bAMya ki vaha kucha lamaya avazya tthhreN| (3) unake mUlya para bhI dhyAna rakhanA caahiye| athazAstra ke siddhAMta ke anusAra thor3e munAphe se adhika mAla becanA, bahuta lAbha se thor3A mAla becane se adhika lAbhadAyaka hotA hai| jahAM taka bane lAgata se dunA dAma rakkhA jAya to ThIka hai| yadi kama karanA saMbhava ho to aura acchI bAta hai| (4) patra patrikA prakAzita hone para unakA sarvatra pracAra honA caahiye| isa kArya meM dezAntaroM meM adhika artha vyaya karate haiN| (5) prakAzita viSayoM para svatantra AlocanA Amantrita karanA caahiye| isase ve viSaya nirdoSa hote jAte haiM aura unakI truTiyAM bhI jJAta hotI jAtI hai| kahanA bAhulya hai ki samAlocanA se pustaka kI bikrI bhI bar3hatI hai| aMgrejI meM sampAdana kArya ke viSaya para kaI grantha haiM parantu yahAM isa viSaya kI caryA kama rahane ke kAraNa apane bhAratavAsI sampAdana kArya meM adhika avasara nahIM ho sake haiM vartamAna samaya meM isa viSaya kI AvazyakatA prati dina bar3hatI jA rahI hai| isa kAraNa AzA hai ki sampAdana kArya ke gurutva para ucita dhyAna rakhane se isa deza meM bhI sampAdaka loga saphalatA prApta kege aura sarvatra prazaMsApAtra hoveNge| "vIra" varSa-2(1924-25), aGka 11-12, pR0 268-302

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gASika zilAlekha jisa samaya dillI ke siMhAsana kI ki nAnA kAraNoM se dula ho jAne se vizAla mugala sAmrAjya meM sthAna sthAna para azAnti phailI huI thI, usa samaya kA Thoka itihAsa duSprApta sA hai| usa samaya loga apanI jAna aura mAla kI cintA meM se the| unako sAhitya yA itihAsa kI khabara lene kA avasara hI na milatA thaa| aise samaya briTiza sarakAra baGgAla prAnta meM apanA pAyA jamAne ke prayana meM lagI thii| yaha usI samaya kA zilAlekha hai| bAta se pAThaka "rAnI mavAnI ke nAma se paricita hoNge| unakI rAjadhAnI murzidAbAda ke pAsa hI bhAgIrathI ke pazcimI taTa para devIpura nAma kA eka kasyA hai| kisI samaya vaha sAdhu mahanta logoM kA lolAkSetra thaa| sthAna sthAna se saba zreNI ke dhArmika sajana yahA~ mAkara mandira, maThAdi pratiSThita karake vahIM jIvana vyatIta karate the| isa samaya devopura kA thor3A hI Tukar3A raha gayA hai| vahA~ mahanta logoM ke tIna akhAr3e the, bahuta se mandira pratiSThita the, mora devasevA tathA avvastra kI macchI vyavasthA thii| bhAja taka aise akhAr3oM kI bar3I bar3I TI imArateM mora bhaerahara dekhane meM bhAte haiN| mujhe khabara milo thI kivahAM ke eka akhAr3e meM eka bar3A zilAlekha hai| maine patA lagAkara jaba usa lekha ko dekhA, tapa zyAma pASANa kA 281 sambA aura 14 cor3A eka vizAla zilAlekha paayaa| usake rAkinAge meM sundara naze kI bela banI huI hai| usake akSare

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*prabandhAvalI. hue haiN| zilAlekha ke mA bhAga : laMbI rekhA se nIce kA aMza bhI do bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai| kAra ke eka aMza meM hindI aura nIce kI bAI tarapha baGgalA akSaroM meM aura dAhinI tarapha phArasI akSaroM meM lekha khude hue haiN| aisA tIna bhASAoM kA zilAlekha kama dekhane meM AtA hai| isakA citra dekhane se pAThakagaNa acchI taraha samajha leNge| isa zilAlipi kA akSarAntara nIce prakAzita kiyA jAtA hai| sArAMza yaha hai ki vikrama saMvat 1761, zakAbda 1656 ke vaizAkha mahIne meM akSaya tRtIyA ke dina mahArAja gaMdharvasiMha ne yahAdurapura ke samIpa devIpura ke dakSiNa gaMgA ke taTa para jamIna kharIdakara dharmArtha hari-mandira aura kUAM taiyAra karAyA thaa| lekha meM z2amIna kA parimANa 22 bIghA 8 kaTThA aura usakI cauhaddI likhI hai| jamIna ratnezvara kI strI se kharIdI gaI thii| hindo aura baGgalA meM kevala ratnezvara ko stro kA ullekha hai; parantu fArasI meM brAhmaNa jAti ke ratnezvara kI IzvarodevI nAma ko vidhavA strI se kharIdane kA ullekha hai| fArasI lekha meM lekha khodanevAle kA nAma aura rAjya varSa 16 arthAt dillI ke mugala bAdazAha muhammada zAha ke rAjatva kA 16 vAM varSa, hijarI san 1156 tArIkha 6 savvAla khudA huA hai| IsavI san 1734 se saMvat 1761 aura hijarI san 1146 milatA haiN| isa hisAba se zakAbda 1656 honA caahiye| vaMgalA meM zakAbda solaha sau spaSTa hai ; parantu Age ke akSara sApha par3he nahIM jaate| pracalita itihAsa meM rAjA gandharvasiMha kA nAma dekhane meM nahIM aayaa| gandharvasiMha kA baMgAla dezake kisI na kisI sthAna se saMbaMdha avazya hogA; aura ve koI sAdhAraNa sthiti ke nahIM the| baMgalA akSaroM meM "mahArAjA gandharvasiMha bahAdura" aura fArasI meM "rAjA gandharvasiMha" likhA hai| hindI meM pahale "napa gandharvasiMha" aura poche "mahArAjA" bhI khudA hai|

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* pravandhAvalI. lipi kI bhASA ke viSaya meM yahAM kevala itanA hI kahanA hai ki maiM fArasI bhASA se paricita nahIM haiM, parantu zilAlekha kA baMgalA aura hindI bhASA kI likhAvaTa Adhunika nahIM hai| hindI aura fArasI ke lekha padya meM haiM aura baMgalA lekha gadya hai| aitihAsika dRSTi se lekha meM jo jo sAdhana vartamAna hai, unakA khoja kI AvazyakatA hai| yaha lekha pahale maiMne "baMgoya sAhitya pariSad" ko patrikA meM prakAzita kiyA thA; parantu abhI taka rAjA gandharvasiMha ke viSaya meM kucha vizeSa patA nahIM lagA hai| zilAlekha kA adarAntara ( Upara ke nakze kI bela meM ) dhokRSNa vAsudeva jU sadA sahAI / ( nIce ke nakaze kA bela meM ) thA ganesAya nma zrI zrAH // ( dAhine nakaze ko bela meM ) // zrI raghunAthAya namaH // (bAe~ nakaze kI bela meM ) zro lachamanAya namaH // (Upara kI tarapha hindI meM) (1) saMvat 1781 baisASa mAsa sudi tIja // bhI napa gaMdharvasiMdha bhuva mola le vayau dharma ko voja // devapurI asthAtu ya (2)ha vAgu gaMga ke tIra // jara parIdI lonoM soI zrI hari sunana ko dhIra // ratanesura kI nAri ne dayau pusI kari molAtha (3)ri ropI mahArAja ne dharmapurI aDola // uttara devIpura base pachima gaMgA Ali // meMda bahAdurapura lagI dachina (4) pUrava pAli // vIghA vIsa para doya haiM ATha vise parimAMna // hari maMdilu kInhoM tahAM vAdhyo kRpa nivAMna // 5 //

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para prabandhAvalo (nIce dAhinI tarapha baMgalA meM) (1) OM zrI mahArAjA gandharvasiMha bahAdura ratne (2) sarera stri sthAne bAga hAte bAiza bIghA Ara (3) kAThA iha pazcime gaMgAra Ali uttare devi pu (4) ra pUrva dakSiNa bAhAdurapura jara kharida laiyA (5) sakAndA solaSasAcA sane paisAkha mApera a (6) kSaya tritiyA divaze harimaMdira o kUpa dilaa| (nIce bAI tarapha phArasI meM ) . (1) rAjA gandharvasiMha bahAdura ghArA karadanda jara kharIda zura namUda andara havelI cAha zIrIM afajoda / (2) me giraphta aja nijda musammAta IsarI devyA bobuda __ bhahaliye ratanesara junnAradAra mutabdhapha vjuud| (3) bista do bIghA mavAz2o hasta bisva lAkhirAja, hadda mag2ariba bhauja pariyAye mauja dara mauja mijAja / ( 4 ) pUra bahAdura hara do sUda mazarika vo junUva dArada z2amIna, tA zumAla hadda devIpura mukarara zuda / amona / (5) az2a tavArIkha nahuma zabAla daha vo zaz san julUsa yaka haz2Ara vo yaka sada vo behala va zaz hijarI mnush| (6) maz2a khata raamkRssnn| bhAgarI pracAriNI patrikA' (navIna saMskaraNa, saM0 1983 bhAga. saMkhyA 1 pRSTha 1-5)

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rAjagRha ke do hindI lekha bhArata kI prAcIna nAgariyoM meM rAjagRha kI gaNanA bhI hai| isa sthAna kA varNana bahuta se prAcIna granthoM meM milatA hai| jainiyoM ke bIsaveM tIrthaMkara zrI munisuvrata svAmI kA janma, dIkSA yahIM huI thii| una logoM ke zAstrAnusAra isa ghaTanA ko kaI lAna varSa bIta cuke haiN| hindubhoM ke pranyoM meM khAsa zrIkRSNa aura jarAsaMdha kI kathAoM kA sthAna bhI yahI thaa| buddhadeva kA bhI yahI lIlA-kSetra thaa| bihAra ur3Isara prAMta ke bihAra ke dakSiNa meM gayA jile ke samIpa cahI rAjagRha Aja taka vartamAna hai| prAcIna rAjagRha nagarI ke sthAna nirdeza ke viSaya meM bar3e bar3e vidvAnoM aura purAtatvoM ke vicAroM para maiM vivecana karane meM asamartha huuN| kevala itanA ho sUcita karanA Ava. zyaka hai ki vahAM para jo kucha ThaNDhe aura garama jala ke kuNDa vidyamAna haiM, unakA lekha prAyaH sabhI prAcIna pranyoM meM hai| mAja maiM pAThakoM ke sanmukha jo do hindI lekha upasthita karatA hai, ve inhIM kuNDoM meM lage haiN| inameM se pahalA lekha saMvat 1604 kA vaibhAragiri ke nIce sata. dhArA ( saptadhAga ) meM pUraba ko dIvAra para lagA hai aura dUsarA vipula. giri ke nIce sUryakuNDa kI pazcimI dIvAra para lagA hai| donoM lekha kAle patthara para khure haiN| ina donoM lekhoM kA akSarAntara isa prakAra hai

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* prabandhAvalI. pahalA lekha // zrI gaNezAyanamaH // bohA-Adi maMka yuta zi(si)di nidhi brahmanAma sama lessi| ___tA sambata yahi kuNDa ko raceu navIna vizeSi // 1 // nRpati jasA ko nAma laSa bhapai madhya picAra / rAjakuNDa hai nAma yahi mahimA agama apAra // 2 // kSapai--- alaja bhasana mAnasanivAsi vikrama kula desA) vaal| jo na jarata tAkA manata pasa anumatI(ti) dharma phli| pAina tiya jala jAna nAri jAte suhAga lahu / kSiti aru jugala loka bhani jAsu kIrati pratApa yahu / dutiya nAma saba zabada ko artha vicAri kari lessiau| nAma napati jasa mAna ko madhyakSara maha~ peSiau * // 2 // - tasya kSa ke madhyakSara ko. udAharaNa kamala ahAra marAla ujaina pAtAla ajara kuara malIna pASAna abalA jAhAja sadura dhrtii| isarA lekha zrI hari OM dohA - vimala bhakti rata jAni jehi, kRpA karAha raghuvIra / tepi dharata pagu dharma maga, lahata sujasa matadhIra // 1 // rAjagRhI te koza dasa, bhagnikoNa bhirAma / bakasaMDApura yasata jaha, bAbU sItArAma // 2 // dharmadhurandhara dhruva vibhava, rAja rAja sukhadena / aSTaputra pautrAdi yuta, bhogata gaja sukhena // 3 // - - - * mahArAja tAjaalo khA~ bahAdura /

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*prabandhAvalI. so sudanya nija kharca kari, suranara muni sukhahetu / gajagRhI suma tIrtha maha~, bAMdhe bhavanidhi setu // 4 // kuNDa saptadhAga viraci, sapta munina ko sp| ravi navIna mandira rUvira, sthApe saba muni bhUpa // 5 // veda gagana aru graha sasi (zazi) hiM, subha saMvata anumAna / jyeSTha su(zukla tithi dvAdaso (zo), saptadhAra nirmAna // 6 // sambata 1904 jyeSTha su(zukla dvAdasI (zo) likhA naubatalAla Atmaja bAvU sItArAma / noTa-lekhaka ko vaibhAragiri ke uttara dizA meM sarasvatI kI dhArA para 'veNImAdhava' ke mandira ke nIce vAyU sItArAma kA baMdhAyA huvA jo pakkA ghATa hai usakI dAhinI ora zyAma pASANa meM khudA huvA 5 paMkiyoM kA lekha milA hai, vaha isa prakAra hai: 1 sItArAma bAsiMdA 2 moje vakasaMDA praganAha 3 paMcaruSI jIlA gayA sambat 4 1925 motAvi (ka ) san 1275 5 sAla 'nAgarI pracAriNI patrikA' (navIna saMskaraNa, saM0 1983 bhAga . saMkhyA 4 pR0 477-476)

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strI-zikSA manuSya mAtra ko zikSA kI AvazyakatA hai| hitAhita jJAna hI manuSya ko pazuoM se pRthak karatA hai aura isa viveka kA kevala zikSA se hI vikAza hotA hai| cAhe mAdhyAtmika viSaya ho cAhe vaijJAnika ho ekamAtra zikSA se hI yaha zAna samyak parisphuTita ho sakatA hai| ataH zikSA kI AvazyakatA aura upayogitA sadaiva rahI hai| manuSyasRSTi meM puruSa aura strI donoM kA sambandha avigni hai, donoM ke mahatva meM bhI koI pArthakya nahIM hai| apane jAtIya jIvana meM mahilAoM kA sthAna bhI vaisA hI ucca koTi kA hai jaisA ki puruSoM kaa| bhApa saMsAra ke kisI bhI deza meM jAiye, kisI bhI kauma ko dekhiye bAlaka bAlikAoM kI zikSA kA kucha na kucha prabandha avazya milegaa| yadi mAtAeM suzikSita hoM to unake baccoM para vahI prabhAva par3egA aura vaha bacapana kI zikSA unake jIvana ke zeSa muharta taka usI prakAra aGkita rhegii| jAtIya jIvana kI unnati aura avanati aisI zikSAmoM para nirbhara hai| koI bhI jAti kI sathI unnati usI samaya ho sakatI hai jaba ki usa jAti kI mahilAeM suzikSita hoM aura unake vicAra uca koTi ke hoN| jaba taka aisA na hogA taba taka sabhI aura sAvI umati sambhava nahIM hai| kevala mAtA hI apane bacce ke sukomala hRdaya meM mAvI mahatva ke bIja lagA sakatI hai| kheda kA viSaya hai ki apane bhAratavAsiyoM meM khAsakara apane mokhapAla samAja meM strI zikSA kA vizeSa abhAva hai| yadi maiM yaha

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*44 * * prabandhAvalI kahUM ki merA yaha lekha, jo ki 'mahilAGka' ke liye hI likha rahA hUM, yaha apane samAja kI kucha imo ginI striyoM ke atirikta bahinoM kI apekSA bhAI hI adhika saMkhyA meM par3heMge to asatya na hogaa| parantu yadi apane prAcIna bhArata kI striyoM kI unnata dazA se varttamAna bhArata kI striyoM kI zikSA kI tulanA kI jAya to hatAza honA par3atA hai / cAhe hama bhAratIya vaidika yuga ko dekheM, cAhe jaina yuga athavA bauddha yuga ko dekheM, bhAratavarSa meM vidyAvatI aura kalAvatI striyAM varttamAna thIM / samAja eka jItI jAgatI vastu hai; jaise jIva deha kA koI aMza apuSTa rahe to usakA prabhAva aura 2 aGgoM para par3atA hai usI prakAra samAja kA aGga durbala athavA apUrNa rahe to usa samAja kI unnati kI AzA karanA nirarthaka hogA / puruSoM kI taraha striyAM bhI samAja kA bhaGga hai aura unakA sthAna bhI puruSa ke barAbara hai / vidvAnoM ne striyoM ko arddhAGginI kI AkhyA dI hai / yadi AdhA aMga hI nikammA rahe to koI bhI kArya pUrNa saphalatA se honA sambhava nahIM hai / yadyapi apane bhAratavAsI sabhI samAjavAle apanI 2 umnati ke patha meM aura jAtIya - jIvana ke sudhAra meM lage haiM parantu inameM se ine gine kucha samAjoM ke atirikta aura samAja aura khAsa kara apanA osavAla samAja strI zikSA ke viSaya meM bahuta pIche rahA huA hai / adyAvadhi isa viSaya kA koI sarAhanIya pravandha nahIM hai aura isI kAraNa lamAja koI vizeSa ullekhanIya unnati nahIM kara sakA hai| jisa prakAra puruSoM meM zikSA kA bhArambha huA hai usI prakAra mahilAoM ke liye bhI samayAnukUla prabandha honA cAhiye / kheda hai ki abhI taka bhArata ke kisI prAnta meM apane samAja meM strI zikSA kA prabandha nahIM hai / dramya, kSetra aura kAla kI kadApi upekSA karanA ucita nhiiN| apane ko maryAdA ke nAma para athavA haThavAda se, Age kI kuprathA athavA samaya viruddha AcAra vyavahAra ko lakIra ke phakIra kI taraha lekara baiThe

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* pravandhAvalI * * 45 * rahanA nahIM cAhiye parantu samaya aura zakti naSTa nahIM karake samayAnukUla sudhAra lenA cAhiye / yadi dharma kI athavA maryAdA kI duhAI dekara baiTha raheMge to mAge bar3ha nahIM sakeMge aura dUsare samAja kI pratiyogitA meM pIche par3e raheMge / yadyapi zikSA kArya bAlyakAla se Arambha hotA hai, parantu manuSya kA sArA jIvana hI zikSA kA hai / hindU samAja meM vizeSataH osacAla samAja meM bAla vivAha se zikSA kArya para prathama kuThArAghAta hotA hai / paradA prathA bhI moTI antarAya ho jAtI hai, maiM ina bAdhAoM ke viSaya meM adhika kahanA nahIM cAhatA itanA ho yatheSTa hogA ki aba aisI 2 sAmAjika prathAoM kA sudhAra honA atyAvazyaka hai / maiM pahile kaha bhAyA hUM ki striyAM bho samAja meM puruSoM ke hI sadRza sthAna kI adhikAriNI haiM / bAhara kA aura parizrama kA kArya puruSoM kA hai / dainika gRha kArya santAna pAlana va rogiyoM kI paricaryAdi kArya mahilAoM kA hai, parantu ina viSayoM kI zikSA kA koI prabandha nahIM hai / bhAvazyakatA par3ane para Teka kara sIkhanA athavA zikSA pAkara kArya meM agrasara honA ina donoM kA antara buddhimAna svayaM soca leM / yadi samAja kI unnati karanA ho aura apanA gRha sukha zAnti maya karanA cAheM to samAja ke pratyeka bhAI ko strI zikSA kA mahatva sadaiva smaraNa rakhanA cAhiye / ucca zikSA ke viSaya meM ullekha anAvazyaka hai, apane samAja meM to striyoM kI prArambhika zikSA kA hI abhAva hai / "kanyApyevaM pAlanoyA zikSaNI yAti yakhataH / " apanI kanyAoM ko ati yataH zikSA dene ke sthAna meM alpa yakSataH bhI zikSA nahIM dete| yadi isa viSaya meM koI bhAI ucca vicAra pragaTa karate haiM to dUsare bhAI kA utsAhita karanA dUra kI bAta hai ye kaha uTheMge ki lar3akiyoM ko kyA huNDI balAno priya pAThaka. ! aba huNDI purjoM ke dina gaye aba to saba kAma to www.umaragyanbhandar.com 3 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat I

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* prabandhAvalI ho yogyatA para nirbhara hai| yadi striyAM zikSita rahe to sAMsArika jIvana sukha zAMti maya hotA hai| puruSoM ko gRha kArya meM unase bar3I sahAyatA milatI hai| parantu apane to unako eka sthAvara sampatti-sA mAna rakhA hai| na to apane mahilAoM kA svAsthya kA khyAla rakhate haiM aura na unakI zikSA kaa| vyAyAma, svaccha vAyu sevama, Adi svAsthyakara vyavasthA unake bhAgya meM mAnoM likhI ho nahIM hai| hajAroM ke lAkhoM ke jevaroM se lAbha nahIM hogaa| uparokta kAraNoM se apane samAja kI prAyaH striyAM asvastha rahatI hai| kSayaroga, raktAlpatA Adi kaThina vyAdhi pIr3ita mahilAoM ko saMkhyA bar3hatI jAtI hai| avazeSa meM unakA sArA jIvana naSTa ho jAtA hai| rAta dina vaidya aura DAkTaroM ke pIche artha nAza karanA par3atA hai aura ve bicArI kaSTa bhogatI haiM aura sAtha ho apanA gArhasthya jIvana duHkhamaya ho jAtA hai| ataH samAja kA kartavya hai ki puruSoM kI zikSA ke sAtha 2 strI zikSA kA samayAnu. kUla prabandha kare, purAnI rUr3hiyoM ko haTAve, striyoM ke vyAyAma ko aura zuddha AhAra vihAra aura svaccha vAyu sevana Adi kI vyavasthA kre| rogI varyA, zizu pAlana, sivana kArya, pAka praNAlo, saMgIta carcA, citrakalAdi viSayoM para pratyeka bar3e 2 sthAnoM meM tathA pratyeka gharoM meM jahAM taka sambhava ho isa prakAra agrasara hone se thor3e hI kAla meM vizeSa saphalatA hogii| maiMne pratyakSa anubhava kiyA hai aura suvijJa pAThaka bhI svayaM anubhava kiye hoMge ki bAlakoM kI apekSA bAlikAoM kI buddhi tIbra hotI hai| bAlaka jo kucha pATha mahIne bhara meM taiyAra karegA vahI kanyA 15-20 dina meM abhyAsa kara sakatI hai| kheda hai ki unakI zikSA para apane tanika bhI dhyAna nahIM dete| unake vivAhAdi kI mukhya cintA rakhate haiN| gahane aura kapar3e, alaGkAra veSa bhUSAdi kevala bAhya ADambara hai| zikSA hI asalI gahanA hai aura unakA sArA jIvana sukhI ho sakatA hai| kalA Adi ke abhyAsa se unako apane udara pUrti ke liye dUsaroM kA mukhApekSi honA nahIM pdd'egaa| duHkha Ane para vicalita nahIM hoNgo| sArAMza yaha hai ki apane samAja meM stro

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*prabandhAdhalI zikSA kA aura unakI AvazyakIya kalAoM ke abhyAsa kA zIghra prabandha honA cAhiye tAki choTe bar3e dhanI nirdhana saba mahilAeM bhanAyAsa se zikSA kA lAbha uThAkara jAtoya jIvana unnata kara samAja kA mukha ujjvala kreN| 'osavAla navayugaka' (mahilAMka, saM0 1688 varSa 4, saMkhyA 4, pR. 211-218) Shree Sud armaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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sAhitya aura samAja sAhitya aura samAja kA aisA ghaniSTa sambandha hai ki yadi koI isa viSaya para likheM to anAyAsa eka vizAla prantha bana sakatA hai| sAhitya se samAja para aura samAja kA sAhitya para kauna 2 samaya meM kisa prakAra prabhAva par3A, itihAsa avalokana se inake dRSTAnta bahudhA mileNge| yahAM kucha zabdoM meM isa ora pAThakoM kA dhyAna AkarSita kiyA jAtA hai| manuSya sRSTi kI eka aisI vastu hai ki usako apane mano vRtti vikAsa ke kSetra kI sadA AvazyakatA rahatI hai aura sahe puruSa ho cAhe strI ho vaha apane sAthI ko cAhatA hai ki jisa ke sAtha vaha apane vicAroM ko prakaTa karatA rhe| isI kAraNa manuSya apano 2 bhASA meM cAhe gadya meM. cAhe padya meM, apane 2 bhAvoM ko vikAsa meM lAte rahate haiM aura isI meM unako Ananda milatA hai| isa prakAra manuSyoM ke manogata bhAvoM kA vikAsa ho sAhitya hai aura samAja bhI kucha aise logoM ko samaSTi mAtra hai| stro puruSa donoM hI samAja ke aMga hai aura ina yugaloM ke rahana sahana aura vicAroM meM ekatA hone se samAja ko sRSTi hotI hai| samAja vRkSa kA sAhitya phala hai aura sAhitya rUpo phala meM samAja rUpo vRkSa ko harAbharA rakhane ko zakti vidyamAna hai| mAnava jAti ke itihAsa se jJAta hotA hai ki ina donoM ne kisa prakAra eka dUsare ko sahAyatA pahuMcAI hai| jisa prakAra samAja ko paridhi mAta vistA hai usI taraha sAhitya kSetra bhI vizAla hai| jaise

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* 50 * * prabandhAvalI* parizrama ke sAtha anukUla samaya para kheta meM bIja bone se phala acche milate haiM, usI prakAra apane gambhIra vicAroM ko dhyAna pUrvaka bhASA dvArA prakAza karane se vaha sAhityika phala sadA ke liye upayogI hote haiN| manuSya ke vitta vRttiyoM ko vidvAnoM ne prAcIna kAla se hI chaH vibhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai aura ve bhAva-zrota hI sAhitya jagata meM chaH rasoM ke nAma se prasiddha haiN| ina chaH rasoM meM se eka 2 ko pradhA. natA lekara pRthaka ra sAhitya race gaye haiN| inake atirikta sAhitya ko aura bhI zAkhAyeM haiM aura prazAkhA bhI aneka haiN| mizra sAhitya kI to saMkhyA karanI kaThina sI hai| sAhitya ko prAcIna, madhya aura vartamAna ke bheda se hama tIna bhAgoM meM vibhakta kara sakate haiN| isa prakAra hindI sAhitya ke bhI tIna vibhAga kiye jA sakate haiN| prAkRta, apabhranza Adi hindI bhASA kA prArambhika rUpa thA aura sambhava hai ki IsvI ekAdaza zatAbdI ke lagabhaga se hindI kA svatantra bhASA rUpa kA astitva Arambha huA hai| usa samaya se SoDaza zatAbdi taka hindI kA prAcIna yuga mAna liyA jA sakatA hai| saptadaza zatAbdi se unaviMza zatAbdi ke madhya taka madhyayuga aura unaviMza zatAbdi ke madhya se Adhunika kAla taka hindI sAhitya kA vartamAma yuga hai| prAcIna hindI sAhitya jahAM taka upalabdha hai usase jJAta hotA hai ki usa samaya hindI ke vidvAnoM kA dhArmika aura naitika viSayoM para hI adhika prema thaa| pazcAt apanA deza videziyoM ke hastagata hotA gayA ! usa samaya una videzI vidharmI logoM ke utpIr3ana ke kAraNa rAjamAtA viSaya para to koI likhane kA sAhasa nahIM kara sakate the| jAna ora mAla donoM saMkaTa meM the| loga unakI rakSA meM tatpara rahate the| parantu samAja aura sAhitya kA avichinna sambandha hai, eka - "sare para parA prabhAva rahatA hai| isa kAraNa prA .. - .

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* prabandhAvaLI * milatI haiN| rAjasthAnI hindI meM khyAta, rAso Adi gadya padya ke anekoM aitihAsika sAhitya maujUda haiM / sAhitya kA prabhAva bhI samAja para kama na thA / bar3I 2 kaThina samasyAyeM sAhitya ke dvArA anAyAsa se hala kI gaI haiN| kaI sau varSa pahile kI bAta hai ki rAjA jayasiMha apanI nava vivAhitA patnI para mugdha hokara zata-dina antaHpura meM par3e rahate the / rAja kAja caupaTa ho rahA thA / mantrIgaNa samajhA kara thaka gaye parantu koI phala na huA / samasta rAjya kA astitva saMkaTa meM par3a gayA / bhaviSya andhakAra pUrNa dikhAI detA thA / rAjA tathA rAjya kI rakSA karane kI zakti kisI meM dikhalAI nahIM detI thii| isI samaya kavivara bihArIlAla jI bhAye aura yaha dohA likhakara rAjA ke pAsa bhijavA diyAH " nahiM parAga nahiM madhura madhu, nahiM vikAza yahi kAla / alI kalI meM yoM bhulyo, Age kauna havAla | isa dohe ko par3hate hI mahArAja kI AMkheM' khula gaI 1 unheM apane vAstavika astitva kA patA lagA / bar3e 2 rAjanItijJoM kA dimAga jo kAma na kara sakA thA vahI kAma bihArI jI ke gine ginAye zabdoM ne kara dikhAyA / inake dvArA samAja aura rAjya kI rakSA huii| mahArAjA rAja kAja dekhane lge| yaha sAhitya ke prabhAva kA eka choTA sA dRSTAnta hai / madhyayuga ke bahuta samaya taka sAhitya aura samAja kA isI prakAra sambandha calatA rahA / kramazaH jaya deza meM zAnti bar3hane lagI aura logoM kA samAja kI ora vizeSa dhyAna ciMcA, usa samaya sAhitya para isakA prabhAva adhika par3ane lagA aura sAhitya meM sAmAjika viSayoM ko svatantra sthAna milA 1 dhArmika naitika, aitihAsika sAhitya ke sAtha ? upanyAsa sAhitya kA racanA hone lagI aura isameM samAja kA prabhAva parisphuTa hotA gyaa| saMgIta aura nATya

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52 * prabandhAvalI " sAhitya se bhI samAja para acchA prabhAva par3atA hai / isa samaya ke hindI sAhitya meM aise viSayoM kA pracAra vizeSa dekhane meM AtA hai / vartamAna kAla meM dainika, sAptAhika, mAsika, Adi; patra patrikAoM kA adhika pracAra hai| ina sAhitya se sAmAjika jovana para bahuta kucha prabhAva par3a rahA hai| Aja mahAtmA gAMdhI Adi deza ke mahApuruSa gaNa inake dvArA apane siddhAntoM ko saphalatA pUrvaka : pracAra karane meM samartha hue haiM / prAyaH pratyeka samAja aura pratiSThita saMsthAoM kI eka na eka patrikA haiM aura vArSika vivaraNa Adi bhI prakAzita hote rahate haiN| isI prakAra samAja aura sAhitya kI ghaniSTatA bar3ha rahI hai aura aise pracAra se yaha sambandha aura bhI bar3hatA jAyagA isameM sandeha nahIM / 'AtmAnanda' ( mArca 1632 varSa 3, aGka 3, pR0 2-4 )

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ratna kuMvarI bIbI jodhapura ke munzI devI prasAdajI ke nAma se hamAre bahuta se pAThaka paricita hoNge| Apa itihAsa ke prasara vidvAna the, mukhyataH bhArata kI musalamAnI amaladArI evaM musalamAna bAdazAhoM tathA dezI rAjAoM ke jIvana-caritra aura rAjaputAne ke tabArikha kA Apa ko pUrNa jJAna thaa| Apane itihAsa kA adhyayana, manana aura taviSayaka pranya likhane meM hI jIvana vyatIta kiyaa| isa prakAra Apa kA itihAsa para atulanIya prema dekhakara mujhe isa viSaya kI ora Asakti utpanna huI thI aura bhApa mujhe bArambAra utsAhita kiyA karate the| Aja maiM pAThakoM ke sanmukha jina mahilA rana ke viSaya meM kucha kaha rahA hai yaha ukta munsipha sAheba kI "mahilA mRduvANI" nAmaka anya ke AdhAra para hI likhA gayA hai| yaha pustaka I0 san 1905 meM yAne Aja se 20 varSa pUrva kAzI kI prasiddha nAgarI pracAriNI sabhA se prakAzita huI thii| bhApa pustaka kI bhUmikA meM likhate haiM: "bhAratavarSa kI puNya bhUmi meM akele puruSa hI baudaha vidyA nidhAna nahIM epa hai parana triyAM bhI samaya 2 meM aisI hotI rahI hai jo sone cAMdI mora ga jar3ita AbhUSaNoM ke atirikta vidyA, buddhi aura kAvyakalA ke divya bhUSaNoM se mI bhUSita thIM aura aba mI hai| jinake pakhAna bhaneka pustakoM aura jana zrutiyoM meM vidyamAna hai| para hama ko yahAM kevala kaviyA kAMtAoM se prayojana hai jina kI bhASA kavitA kA bhaba taka koI svatantra pratya hamAre dekhane meM nahIM mAyA thA aura

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* 54 . * prabandhAvalI * hamane jo bhASA kaviyoM kA itihAsa likhane ke liye prAcIna granthoM aura kavi vRttAMtoM kI khoja ko thI to usa prasaMga meM kucha kavitA aisI bhI milI jo kAnya kuzalA kamalAoM ke komala mukhArvindA kI nikalI huI thiiN| hamane usIko saMgraha karake yaha choTA sA prantha banAyA hai aura 'mahilA mRduvANI' nAma rakkhA hai|" isa pranya meM munzIjo ne 35 mahilAoM kA jovana-caritra aura kAvya racanA kA varNana kiyA hai| isakI sUcI meM eka osavAla jAtI kI lalanA kA nAma dekhakara maiMne utsAha se pddh'aa| sUcI kI 16 vIM saMkhyA meM "ratna kuvarI bIbI, jAtI osavAla, sthAna kAzI aura saMvat 1844" yaha likhA hai aura inakA varNana pRSTha 72-74 meM hai| pAThakoM ke kautuhalArtha usakA kucha aMza yahAM uddhRta kiyA jAtA hai: ___ "ye kaviyA phulAMganA jagata seTha murazidAbAda ke gharAne meM huI hai| inakI kavitA mati rucira aura rasamayI haiM inhoMne 'prema ratna' nAmaka eka prantha saMvat 1844 meM banAyA thA jisa kA bhagavat bhaktoM meM bahuta pracAra hai kyoMki usameM zrIkRSNa brajavanda Ananda kanda kI lIlAoM kA ullekha parama prema aura pracura prIti se kiyA gayA hai|" bhArata gavarnameNTa ke vidyAvibhAga ke suvikhyAta granthakAra rAjA ziva prasAda sitArehinda jo mabhI kaI varSa pahale taka vidyamAna the inhIM rana kuvarIjI ke pote the| inhoMne 'premaratna' prantha ke vijJApana meM bhapanI dAdI ke guNoM kA bakhAna isa prakAra kiyA hai| "ve saMskRta meM bar3I paNDitA thii| chahoM zAstra kI vettA, phArasI bhASA bhI itanI jAnatI thI ki maulAnA rUma kI 'masanavo' aura 'doSAna zamsata varez2a' jaba kabhI hamAre pitA par3ha kara sunAte to vaha usakA sampUrNa Azaya samajha letiiN| gAne bajAne meM bhatyanta nipuNa thI aura cikitsA yUnAnI aura hindustAnI donoM prakAra kI jAnatI

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* pravandhAvalI * 55 * thiiN| yogAbhyAsa meM paripaktra aura yama niyama aura vRtti RSi muniyoM kA so, sattara varSa kI avasthA meM bhI bAla kAle aura AMkhoM kI jyoti bAlakoM kI lI, vaha hamArI dAdI thIM isase hama ko aba unako adhika prazaMsA likhane meM lAja AtI hai parantu jo sAdhu santa aura paMDita loga usa samaya ke unake jAnanevAle kAzI meM vartamAna haiM ve unake guNoMkA adyAvadhi smaraNa karate haiM / " "premarakSa" ke maMgalAvaraNa aura samApti ke kucha soraThoM ke namUne yahAM diye jAte haiM: -- 8. maMgalAcaraNa acigata Ananda kanda, parama puruSa paramAtamA / sumiri suparamAnanda, gAvata kallu hari yaza vimala // 1 // puni gurupada ziramAya, ura dhari tinake bacana vara / rUpA tinahiM kI pAya, premaratana bhASata ratana // 2 // agama udadhi madhi jAhi, paMgu tarahi binu jimi taraNi / tai siya ruvi mana yAhi, amita kAnha yaza gAnakI // 3 // prazasti ThAraha se cAlIsa, aMta catura varSa jaba vitata bhaya / vikrama nRpa avanIsa, bhae bhayo yaha prantha taba // 4 // // mAha mAha ke mAha, ati zubha dina sita paJcamI / gAyo parama uchAha, maGgala maGgala vAra vara // 5 // kahyo grantha anumAna, traya zata marasaTha caupaI / tihi ardha ru aTajAna, dohA soraha soraThA // 6 //

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* pravandhAvalo. kAzI nAma suThAma, dhAma sadA ziva ko sukhd| tIratha parama lalAma, subhaga mukti baradAna chama // 7 // tA pAvana pura mAMhi, bhayo janma yA grantha ko| mahimA varaNi na jAhi, saguNa rUpa yasa rasa bhasro // 8 // kRSNa nAma sukha mUla, kalimala dukha bhaMjana bhajata / pAvahi bhavanidhi kUla, jAke mana yaha rasa ramahi // 6 // kurukSetra zubha thAna, brajavAsI hari ko milana / lIlA rasa ko khAna, prema rana gAyo ratana // 10 // baGgAla hAte ke jaina zilA lekhoM kI khoja meM maiM jagata seTha vaMzake itihAsa kA bhI patA letA rhaa| I0 san 1923 meM jaba kalakatte meM 'iNDiyana hisTarikala rekarDasa kamIzana' baiThA thA usa samaya maiMne jagata seTha kI vaMzAvalI para eka nibandha par3hA thA aura ukta ratna kuMvara bIvI ke viSaya meM mujhe kho sAdhana mile the usakA sArAMza yaha hai ki vaha lakhanaU ke rAjA baccharAja kI kanyA thIM aura rAjA zivaprasAda jI ke pitAmaha rAjA uttamacanda jI se unakA vivAha hubhA thA aura unake putra kuvara gopIcanda jI the| kuvara gopIcanda jI ke putra hI prasiddha rAjA zivaprasAda sitAre hinda the aura unakI kanyA gomatI bIvI thii| Apa bhI bar3I dharmAtmA aura viduSI thiiN| 'guNasthAna kramAroha' Adi kaThina jaina viSayoM kA Apane acchA abhyAsa phiyA thaa| murzidAbAda ke jagata seTha gharAne vAloM se ratna kuvarijI ke sambandha ke viSaya meM kucha likha denA ucita hogaa| jagata seTha vaMza ke pUrvaja sAha horAnanda jI prathama paGgAla Aye the| inake seTha mANikacanda jI bagairaha sAta putra aura dhanavAI nAma kI eka kanyA thI jina kA vivAha AgarA nivAsI rAya udayacanda jI gokharU se huA thaa| inake cAra putra the jina meM tIsare putra phatecanda jI ko peTha mANikacanda jI ne goda liyA thA aura unheM hI dillI ke bAdazAha

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* prabandhAvalI. pharrukhaziyara ne prathama jagata seTha kI padavI dI thii| rAya udayacanda jI ke madhyama putra sabhAcanda jI the, inake putra amaracanda jI aura unake putra gajA DAlacanda jI banArasa bse| inhIM ke putra gajA uttamavanda jI kI dharmapatnI yaha ratna kuvara thIM Apa ke putra gopIcanda jI aura pautra prasiddha rAjA zivaprasAda sitArehinda hura / bhAratIya bhASAvityasiddha vidvAn sara jI0 e0 priyasana sAheva ne bhI 'Modern Vernacular Litcrature of Hindustan' nAmaka grantha ke pR. 66 meM ratna kuMvara ke viSaya meM kramika naM. 376 meM varNana kiyA hai| pratyakartA svayaM unake pautra rAjA zivaprasAda jI ke mitra the aura inake viSaya meM rAjA sAhaba ne griyarsana sAhaba ko san 1887 meM jo patra likhA thA usakA sArAMza yaha thA ki bIbI ratna kuMvara jI lagabhaga 45 varSa hue ki svargavAsa huA thA usa samaya gajA sAhaba kI avasthA 16 varSa kI aura unako pitAmahI ko 60 aura 70 ke bIca kI thii| 'premaratna' prantha ke atirikta Apa ke race aura bhI bahuta se padya haiM tathA apane hAtha kI likhI prati maujUda hai| bhApa saMskRta jAnatI thIM aura rAjA sAhaba Apa se bahuta kucha zikSA pAye the| hastAkSara Apa ke sundara the tathA saMgIta para Apa kA prema thA, kucha 2 phArasI sI par3hI huI thiiN| The Heritage of India Series meM 20 kavai0 sAhaba ne hindI sAhitya kA itihAsa likhA hai, usa pustaka ke pR0 76 meM pIbI rakha kuMvari aura unake 'premaratna' pratyAdi kI racanA kA ullekha hai / mAzA hai ki hamAre priya pAThakagaNa osavAla samAja meM aura jo 2 viduSiyoM ho gaI haiM unakI khoja kara pUrA itihAsa prakAzita karane kA prayata kreNge| 'mosavAla navayuvaka' ( saM0 1986 varSa 5, aGka 5, 10 187-186 )

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magA ziSa vIrAt 70 varSe, saMvat 222 athavA aura kisI samaya meM zrI rataprabha sUri jI ne upakeza ( bhoziyAM ) nagara nivAsI rAjapUta Adi logoM ko jainI banAyA thaa| usa samaya una logoM ke purohitoM brAhmaNoM ne unakA paurohitya karma chor3a diyA thaa| aisI dazA meM jina logoM ne vaidika dharma chor3a kara jaina dharma svIkAra kiyA thA; unheM bahuta ar3acana par3ane lago, kAraNa, gRhasthAzrama meM vivAhAdi saMskAroM kI barAbara AvazyakatA rahatI hai / usa samaya vahAM ke maga brAhmaNa logoM ne isa ikarAra para una logoM kA paurohitya svIkAra kiyA ki ve loga barAbara pIr3hiyoM taka ina brAhmaNoM ko nibhAyeM aura ye loga bhI sivAya ina jainiyoM ke dUsare se yAcanA na kreN| ye brAhmaNa Ajakala bhojaka ke nAma se prasiddha hai- vaidika dharma pAlate haiM aura jainiyoM ko yajamAna mAnate haiN| vivAha ke pazcAt vara kanyA tathA upasthita logoM ko ye loga jo bhAzi aura maGgala sunAte haiM ve jaina dRSTi se bhI mahatva ke haiN| ina bhojaka brAhmaNoM kA ullekha bhaziyAM sthita saviyAya mAtA ke mandira ke saMvat 1236 ke zilA lekha meM pAyA jAtA hai| ye mAravAr3a, bIkAnera, rAjapUtAne meM hI adhikatara haiM aura jainiyoM ke paurohitya ke atirikta una logoM ke mandiroM meM bhI pujArI kA kAma karate haiN| parantu beda kA viSaya hai ki ina logoM meM vidyA kA pracAra bahuta kama hai. yaha adhikatayA azikSita hote haiN| prAcIna kAla meM * 'jaMna lekha saMgraha' bhAga 1, pR0 168 lekha naM0 804 /

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* 60 * prayandhAvalI. ina meM phavivara vRnda jI Adi vidvAna ho gaye hai| unake vaMzaja paM0 jayalAla jI zarmA kRSNagar3ha darabAra ke mahakumA tavArIkha meM the| unhoM ne 'magAziSa bhASya' nAmaka pustaka prakAzita ko tho jisa meM AziSa ke do artha arthAt smAta dharmAnusAra aura jaina siddhAnta ke anukUla likhe haiN| isa AziSa kI racanA kisI samaya vAhar3a nAma ke bhojapha ne chappaya meM kI thii| prastuya viSaya saMkhyAvAcI zabdoM meM hai| aura ve loga jo maGgala kahate haiM usa kavitA meM racayitA kA koI nAmollekha nahIM hai| aura maGgala meM prathama kavitta aura pIche chanda hai aura usI prakAra saMkhyAvAcI zabda haiN| yaha maGgala maiMne adyAvadhi kahIM bhI prakAzita huA nahIM dekhA haiM, isako kavitA isa prakAra hai: vadana aSTakara doya jIbha pandraha vakhAnU solaha nayana suceta caraNa ko anta na jaanuu| kaI caraNa haiM gupta doya maiM paragaTa diTThA kahIM jIbha viSa vasai kahIM rasa cavai sumitttthaa| phara doya deha eka pUchar3I sakala valya rasa cavai prasana deva hama tuma sadA so artha pUcha paNDita labhe // 24 24 24 24 aThatIyA cauchakA vAredanA aThatIgunA arihaMta maGgala / maGgalaM bhagavAn vIro maGgalaM gautamaprabhu maGgalaM sthUlabhadrAyAH jainadharmostu maGgalaM // maGgala meM prathama zrIpArzvanAtha kI stuti haiN| yahAM pAThakoM ko yaha sUcita karanA aprAsaGgika nahIM hogA ki jainiyoM ke caubIsa tIrthaMkara rahate hue pArzvanAtha kI stuti karane kI AvazyakatA yaha huI ki unake paTTa paramparA meM jo upakezagaccha thA usake AcArya ratnaprabha sUri the aura unake dvArA jaino banAye jAne ke kAraNa kavi ne pArzvanAtha kA hI bandanA kiyA hai|

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* prabandhAvalI vadana aSTa se bhagavAn kA eka mukha aura unake Upara chatra kiye sarpoM kI saMkhyA sAta lekara ATha mukha hue, kara doya se bhagavAna ke do hAtha - kAraNa, sarpoM ke hAtha nahIM hote, jobha pandraha se sarpa dvijihvA hone ke kAraNa unake caudaha ora bhagavAna ke eka, solaha nayana se sarpoM ke caudaha aura unake do, "caraNa ko anta na jAnu" pada se sarpoM ke padoM kI saMkhyA nahIM kahI jA sakatI yaha sUcIta karate hue kavi ne phira kahA hai "kaI caraNa hai gupta doya maiM paragaTa diTThA" athAt bhagavAna ke do caraNa pratyakSa haiM aura sarpoM ke adgazya, kahIM jIbha viSa vasaM se sapa ko jIbha meM viSa rahatA hai aura kahIM rasa cabe sumiTThA se bhagavAna ke jihvA meM amRta rahanA sUcita karatA hai ityAdi / Age ke saMkhyAvAcaka zabdoM ke artha isa prakAra hote haiN| aThatIsA se 24 hotA hai yaha caubIsa kevala jJAnI Adi atIta tIrthaMkaroM ko saMkhyA hai, vAMchakA se jo 24 hotA hai usase RSabhAdi vartamAna tIrthaMkaroM kI saMkhyA aura vAredUnA le 24 hotA hai usase padmanAbha anAgata caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI saMkhyA huI, aThatogunA se bhA 14 hotA hai-aise 24 arhanta maMgala kareM / anta meM jo saMskRta zloka haiM vaha jainiyoM meM prasiddha hai / aba AziSa kA chapyaya aura jena dharmAnusAra usakA artha pAThakoM kI sevA meM upasthita kiyA jAtA hai: 1 27 9 18 30 6 6 6 36 3 13 33 sattAIse sAta bhATha bhaTThAraha tIsA che che nave chattIsa tIna teraha taiMtIsa 42 52 4 12 72 3 // 64 5 15 1 bayAlosa bAvanna cAra bAraha bahottara / AUMTa bosaTTa pAMca panaraha ekovara 66 1.4 nava . nave vavadaha rayaNa dina cAhar3a jappeM abhaya bhutra / guru mula pramANahi nyANa suM te racha karaMta sutra // 1 //

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* prabanyAvalI * sattAI se se prANAtipAta viramaga vatAdi sAdhu ke 27 guNa arthAt aise guNAlaMkRta sAdhuoM kA sammAna karanA jainiyoM kA kartavya hai| . sAta se gamAdi 7 naya arthAt ina saba naya ko milA kara syAdvAda naya se jainiyoM ko calanA caahiye| ATha le jJAnAvaraNo Adi ATha karma arthAt Apa loga isa ko kSaya karane meM samartha hoM ( ina pharmoM se chUTane se hI mukti hotI hai)| aThAraha se prANAtipAta Adi 18 pApasthAna arthAt ina pApasthAnoM se bacate rheN| tIsA se mohinI karma ke tosa bheda arthAt mohino pharmoM se dUra rheN| cha se pRthvIkAya bhAdi 6 prakAra ke jIva arthAt inakI rakSA kreN| cha se proSmAdi 6 Rtu arthAt ye Rtu sukhadAyo hoN| nave se vasti Adi 6 vAr3a. arthAt zIla ko navavAr3a rakSA kro| chattIsa se pratirUpa Adi AcArya ke 36 guNa arthAt aise guNavAna AcAryoM kI sevA kreN| tIna se mana gupti Adi tInoM guptiyoM se sarva jIvoM kI rakSA kro| teraha se Alasa Adi 13 kAThiyA se bacate rho| tetIsAM se jJAna darzanAdi ko 33 AzAtanA nahIM karanA caahiye| bayAlosa se AdhA karmo Adi ahAra ke 42 doSa se nirdUSita AhAra sAdhuoM kA dete rho| bAvanna se ahArAdi ke jo 52 anAcAra haiM unako TAlate hue jo saMyamI sAdhu haiM unakI sevA karate rheN| cAra se dAnAdi dharma ke cAroM mArga meM tatpara rheN| bAraha se anityAdi 12 bhAvanA bhAvate rheN| bahottara se atIta, vartamAna aura anAgata samasta tIrthaMkaroM ko dhyAte rheN| AUMre* arthAt sAr3he tIna-isase yaha sUcita hotA hai ki sAr3he tIna karor3a romAvalI kI caubIsoM tIrthaMkara rakSA kreN| causaTha se camarendra zrAdi 64 indra rakSA kreN| pAMca se mati Adi 5 jJAna kI prApti ho / panaraha se tIrthasiddhA Adi siddhoM ke 15 bheda podhita hote hai unameM bhI zraddhA rhe| ekovara se rAga dveSa Adi doSoM se rahita sarvajJa, sarvaguNa * yaha apabhraMza zabda hai, adyAvadhi mAravAr3I bhASA meM 31 ko hUMTA kahate haiN|

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* pravandhAvalI. maya eka paramAtmA sadA dhyAna meM rhe| nava se jIva Adi 6 tatva sUvita hote haiN| inakA bhI pUrNa jJAna prApta kreN| navai se arihanna mAdi 6 pada hotA hai inako sadA smaraNa rkheN| caudaha se utpAdanA Adi 14 pUrva jJAta hotA hai inakA sArabhUta pUrvokta nagha pada hai| ina pUrvo se jJAna prApta hue dharmopadezakagaNa Apa logoM kI jJAna vRddhi kreN| anta meM cAhar3a nAma ke kavi jappai arthAt kahate haiM ki bhuva arthAt pRthvI meM rayaNa dina ( gata dina ) Apa loga abhaya ( nirbhaya ) raheM / maiMne ye saba jJAna gurumukha pramANa se kahA hai ye saba Apa logoM kI rakSA karate rheN| isa zeSa pada ke viSaya meM kavi jayalAla jI se merA matabheda hai jise 'magAziSa bhAgya' ke pRSTha 42 meM unhoM ne kRpayA sUcita kiyA hai| bhApa 'hinyANa' ko 'hityANa' siddha karate hue usakA artha yaha karate haiM ki jipta samaya jainiyoM ne apane purohita bhojakoM ko lAga maryAda nahIM dI usa samaya una logoM ne AtmaghAta kiyA / pazcAt jenI loga lAga maryAda dene lage aura AzIrvAda meM kahate haiM ki unakA hityANa ( hatyA ) se ete ( 27 se 14 taka ) tuva arthAt tumhAro ( yajamAnoM kI ) rakSA kreN| mere vivAra se unakA pATha aura artha ( devo pR0 12,22 ) sarvathA bhramapUrNa vidita hotA hai| kAraNa prathama to AzorvAda meM hatyA Adi zabdoM kA prayoga nahIM hotA kyoMki yaha amaMgalavAvA zabda hai| dUsare yaha ki jaba bhojaka brAhmaNa the to eka sAmAnya lAga ke liye AtmaghAta, jo ki unake dharmAnusAra bho mahApApa samajhA jAtA hai, nahIM kiye haaNge| yadi kisI kAraNavaza aisI paranA huI bhI ho to aise nindanIya viSaya ko prasiddhi meM lAnA sambhava nahIM dikhtaa| adyAvadhi bhojaka loga zrIpArzvanAtha kI stuti meM acche 2 kavita racanA karate haiN| eka namUnA dekhiye : janama banArasa thAna, mAta bAmA kulanandana / pitA rAya bhazvasena, kamaTha ko mAna vihaMDana /

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* 64 * * pravandhAvalI : paMcendri vaza karana, eka Asana cita lAyo / baraSyo megha apAra, Ana bAsuka phaNa chAyo // upajyo kevala jJAna, Ana sura dundhubhi bajjai / causaTha indra Ana, mila siMhAsana chajjai // tIna loka tAraNa taraNa, zrIpArzvanAtha nizadina jayo / zrI Rddhi siddhi maMgala karana // 'AtmAnanda' ( mArca 1633 varSa 4, aGka 3, pR0 18-21 )

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kue~ nAma gajasthAna meM kue~ bhAMga ko kahAvata prasiddha hai| mAravAr3a kI marubhUmi meM pAno bhUgarbha ke bahuta nimnastara meM rahatA hai, isa kAraNa vahAM kuoM, bAvalo Adi banAnA vyayasAdhya hai| baGga, bihAra Adi prAntoM kI taraha vahAM ghara-ghara meM kueM nahIM rhte| jaisalamera pradeza ke kaI. prAmoM meM to kosoM se pAnI lAyA jAtA hai / parantu sAdhAraNataH rAjapUtAne ke gAMvoM meM eka hI kuAM hotA hai, usokA pAno saba loga vyavahAra karate haiN| ailI dazA meM yadi kueM meM bhAMga DAla diyA jAya, to usake pAnI pInevAle sava logoM ko nazA ho jAnA anivArya hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki kisI bar3e se kabhI koI bhrama ho gayA, to sabhI loga vahI bhrama kara baiThate haiN| 'gorA cAvala kI kathA' para bhI yaha bAta ThIka ghaTatI hai| DiMgala sAhitya ke 'gorA bAdala kI kathA' kA nAma to maiM bahuta dinoM se sunatA AtA thA, aura usakI eka hasta-likhita prati mere saMgraha meM bhI thI; parantu usake viSaya meM aura adhika mujhe pAta na thaa| kucha samaya huA bIkAnera-nivAsI itihAsa-premI zrI bhaMvara. lAla jI nAhaTA ne mujhase kahA ki isa 'bAratA' ke racayitA kavi aTamala nAhara gotrIya osavAla the| isa bAta ko sunakara mero icchA unake viSaya meM aura adhika jAnane ko huii| mAlUma huA ki ve gahora ke nikaTavatoM siMbulA ( subalA, sabala ) grAma ke rahanevAle the| ve eka ache kavi the| ve jainadharmAvalambI the, aura unakI dharma para

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*66 * * prabandhAvalI vizeSa zraddhA bhI thii| dhArmika viSaya para unakI banAI huI 'bAvanI', 'premarAsa' Adi racanAe~ milatI haiN| 'lAhora kI gaz2ala' unake dUsare kAvya kA patA milA hai| 'gorA vAdala kI kathA' ko anya pratiyoM kI khoja meM maiM barAghara rhaa| merI prati saMvat 1780 kI likhI huI hai; parantu kaI sthAnoM meM usake kucha aMza naSTa ho gaye haiN| bIkAnera se zrI bhaMvaralAla jI ne rAjapUtAne ke koTA zahara meM saM0 1752 kI likhI huI eka prati mujhe bhejI thI, jisakI nakala mere pAsa hai| kalakattA vizvavidyAlaya ke bhUtapUrva DiMgala ke adhyApaka jodhapura nivAsI paM. rAmakarNajI ne eka purAnI prati kI nakala svahasta se likhakara bhejI hai| isa meM koI likhana saMvat nahIM hai| gata varSa jaba meM akhila bhAratavarSIya osavAla mahAsammelana ke avasara para ajamera gayA thA, usa samaya suprasiddha aitihAsika vidvAn mahAmahopAdhyAya rAya yahAdura paM0 gaurIzaMkara ojhA ne mujhase kahA thA ki bIkAnera-sthita DUMgara-kAleja ke adhyApaka paM. narottamadAsa jI jaTamala-racita 'gorA dhAdala ko kathA' kA sampAdana kara rahe haiN| kavi jaTamala nAhara gotra ke mahAjana the, isaliye Apa ke pAsa unake viSaya meM jo kucha sAmagrI ho, unako bheja deM, to isa kArya meM unheM vizeSa sahAyatA milegii| maiMne ise saharSa svIkAra kara apane pAsa unake viSaya meM jo sAmagrI thI, unheM bheja dene ko khaa| ojhA mahodaya ne unako mujha se patravyavahAra karane ko likha diyaa| kalakatte lauTane para mujhe yathAsamaya adhyApaka narottamadAsa jI kA patra milA, jisa kA Avazyaka aMza yahAM uddhRta haiM : "maiM apane do sahayogiyoM (bIkAnera rAjya ke zikSA vibhAga ke DAirekTara ThA0 rAmasiMha jI tathA pilAnI ke vir3alA-kAleja ke pAisprinsipala paM0 sUryakaraNa jo pArIka) ke sAtha prasiddha jaTamala-racita 'gorA bAdala rI bAta' nAmaka grantha kA sujampAdita saTIka saMskaraNa taiyAra kara rahA huuN| rAjasthAna ke vibhinna sthAnoM se kaI hatta-lisita

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* prabandhAvalI. pratiyA hamane prApta kI haiN| sampAdana aura TippaNI kA bahuta kucha kArya ho cukA hai| jaTamala ke viSaya meM vizeSa hAla prayatna karane se bhI hameM bAta nahIM ho skaa| ajamera ke suprasiddha vidvAn gaurIzaMkara jI ojhA se hamane pUcha-tAcha kI, to unhoMne apane patra meM likhA ki phalakatte ke thAvU puraNacanda jI nAhara se Apa ko jaTamala ke viSaya meM bahuta-sI bAteM mAlUma ho sakatI haiM, kyoMki jaTamala unhIM ke gotra kA mahAjana thaa| unhoMne yaha bhI likhA hai ki Apa ke saMgraha meM ukta prantha kI kaI pratiyAM haiM, aura yadi hama unheM dekhanA cAheM, to Apane udAratA pUrvaka saheM hamAre pAsa bhejanA svIkAra kiyA hai| hama Apa ke atyanta kRtajJa hoMge, yadi Apa ukta pratiyAM hamAre pAsa bhejane kI kRpA kreN| jaTamala ke sambandha meM tathA nAhara-vaMza ke tatkAlIna mahatva aura anya mahApuruSoM ke sambandha meM bhI Apa jo pAne batalA sakate hoM, unako batalAne kI kRpA bhI kreN| eka yAta aur| hindI ke vidvAnoM meM prasiddha hai ki jaTamala kA ukta anya gadya meM hai, para hameM abhI taka jo pratiyAM milI haiM, ve saba padya meM hai, gadya kI eka paMkti bhI unameM nhiiN| kAzI ke ghAvU zyAmasundaradAsa jo likhate hai ki unhoMne gadya kathA dekhI hai, aura usakI koI prati 'baMgAla eziyATika sosAyaTI ke pustakAlaya meM hai| yadi Apa ko vizeSa kaSTa na ho, to isa viSaya kA nizcita patA lagAne kA prayatna karake hameM anugRhota kareM, aura yadi sambhava ho, to gadya-kApI kA pratilipi bhI bhijavA deN|" mere pAla jo kucha sAdhana the, maiMne unako yathAsamaya likha diyA thA; parantu kAryavaza baMgAla eziyATika sosAyaTI ke pustakAlaya meM jAkara vahAM kI prati ko dekhane kA mujhe avakAza hI nahIM milaa| isa bIca paM0 narottamadAsa jI aura ThA. rAmasiMha jI, DAirekara Apa ejyukezana, bIkAnera-sTe, kAkate pdhaare| unhone daMgala eziyA.

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68 * * pravandhAvalI bAda meM Tika sosAyaTI ke pustakAlaya meM jAkara 'gorA bAdala kI kathA' kI prati talAza kI; parantu unheM usakA kucha patA na lagA / ghe donoM sajjana mere pAsa Aye aura apanI isa asaphalatA ko bAta sunaaii| unhoMne kahA ki rAyabahAdura zyAmasundaradAsa jI kI 'ainuyala riporTa AnU di sarca phAra hindI mainusakripTa phAra di iyara 1601' ke pRSTha 45 meM naM0 48 para 'gorA bAdala kI kathA' kI prati kA saMgrahA laya (plesa Apha DipojiTa ) 'pazAyaTika sosAyaTI Aph baMgAla, kalakattA' likhA hai| khaira, dUsare dina donoM sajjanoM ko sAtha lekara maiM sosAyaTI meM pahuMcA aura prati ko DhUMr3hakara niklvaayaa| zrI zyAmasundaradAsa jI ne riporTa meM prati kA isa prakAra varNana kiyA hai, aura merI samajha meM isa grantha para sAhityikoM kA bhrama yahAM se hI phailA - "Annual Report on the search for Hindi Manuscripts for the year 1901 by Syam Sunder Das, B.A., Allahabad, 1904. p. 45. No. 48. gorA bAdala ko kathAProse & Verse. Substance-country-made Paper . Leaves--43. Size 91 / 2x7 1 / 2 inches....... Complete Incorrect. Character - Devanagri. Place of Deposit -- Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta. Gora Badala Ki Katha-The story of Ratnasena & Padmavati & connected with it that of Gora & Badala, who animated by the noble sentiments of patriotism and honour sacrificed themselves for the cause of their chief, their queen & their country. This story was written by Jatamala in Samvat 1630 (1623 A D.)"

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*pravAdhAvalI. Arambha-zrI rAmajI prasanna hoye| dhIganesa sAye namaH / lakSmAkAnta / haivAla kIsA cittaur3a gar3a ke gorA bAdala huA hai jona kA bAratA kI kItAba hoMdavI meM banAkara taiyAra karI hai // suka sapata dAyeka sakala sIMda vuda saheta gaNeza bIgaNa vIjara lA vona so velo muja paraNameza // 1 // dUhA // jaTamala vANI sara sarasa kahatAM sarasa vara vNd| caivANa kula uvadhAro huvA juvA cAvaMda // 2 // samApti-goreko Avarata AvesA vacana sunakara Apane pAvaMdako pagar3I hAtha meM lekara vAhA satI huI so sIvapura meM jAke vAhA donoM mele chuve // 144 // gorA bAdala ko kathA gurU ke ghasa sarasvato ke maharavAnagI se purana bhaI tIsa vAste guru kU sarasvatI kU namasakAra karatA hu // 145 // ye kathA solase AsI ke sAla meM phAguna sudI punama ke roja bnaaii| ye kathA meM dora seha vorA rasa va sInagAra rasa he so kayA // 146 // morachar3o nAva gAva kA rahanevAlA kavesara jagahA usa gAMva ke loga bhohota sukI hai ghara-ghara meM Ananda hotA hai koI ghara meM phakora doSatA nahIM // 147 // ___ usa jaga AlIpAna bAbA rAja karatA hai masIha vA kA lar3akA he so saba paTAnoM meM saradAra hai jayese tAroM meM candramA saradAra he AyesA vohe // 148 // dharamasI nAvakA vetalIna kA veTA jaTamala mAva phave. sara ne ye kathA sabala gAMva meM puraNa karI // 146 // viSaya-mevANa kI mahArAnI padmAvatI kI rakSA meM goga aura bAdala kI kIrti kI kthaa| noTa-pranyakartA kA nAma jaTala hai, aura usane saMvat 1680 meM yaha grantha bnaayaa| sosAyaTI kI prati dekhane para mAlUma huA ki vaha hasta-likhita pratya kAleja Aph phorTa viliyama ke sarakArI saMgraha ko hindI-pratiyoM

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. . *pradhadhAyalo. meM se hai| prati meM vahAM ko chApa bhI maujUda hai, aura usake prathama patra meM usakA varNana bhaMgarejI meM isa prakAra hai "Sent by E. Wellesley Resident at Indore to Mr. Atkinson Reed. June 2nd 182 +. Legend of the Padmavatee wife of the Ranah of Chittore including the attack on Chittoregurl by Allauddeen on her acc:) unt, & the actions of Gorah & Badul in her defence. The original version is in mixed Hindovee provincial Dialect as given in one column-the other column is a version in ordinary Hindovee." isase yaha spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki phorTa viliyama kAleja ke adhikAriyoM ne jisa prakAra paM0 lallUlAla jI vagairaha se hindo kI gadya pustaka taiyAra karAI thIM, usI prakAra prAyada indaura ke rez2iDeNTa veleslo sAhaba ne bho kittA se isa 'gorA vAdala kA kathA' kA hindI anuvAda karAkara apane mitra aiTakiMsana sAhaba ko bhejA thaa| yaha prati san 1824 ko 2 jUna ko phoreMviliyama kAleja meM prApta huI thii| ___ aMgarez2I ke upayukta varNana meM athavA prati ke anta meM jahAM mUla aura anuvAda samApta hue haiM, kahIM bhI usake lekhaka Adi kA nAma, sthAna athavA likhana-saMvat Adi kI carcA nahIM hai| prati bahuta bhazuddha likhI huI hai| akSara mAravAr3I hindI haiM, aura bahuta prAcIna nahIM mAlUma hote| usake anuvAda ko bhASA duDhArI hindI pratIta hotI hai, aura sambhava hai ki anuvAdaka mahAzaya zAyada jayapura Adi pUrva-rAjasthAna ke hI nivAsA hoNg| kAraNa, anuSAda meM usa tarafa ke bahuta se pracalita zabda milate haiN|

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* pravandhAvalI ** 71 * ataH bAbU zyAmasundaradAsajI ne hindI kI khoja kI riporTa meM isa grantha ko kisa prakAra gadya-padyamaya likhA, samajha meM nahIM AtA / zAyada bAbU sAhaba ne isa prati kA svayaM nirIkSaNa nahIM kiyA hogA. nahIM to itanA bhrama honA kadApi sambhava nahIM thaa| isake atirikta sosAyaTI kI prati ke Adi-anta ke aMza bhI jo uddhRta kiye gaye haiM, ve bhI azuddha haiM 1 sosAyaTI kI prati meM Adi-anta isa prakAra hai mAdi ganesaH ghIgaNa mUla - rupha saMpata dAyeka sakala sIda vuda saheta vIjaraNa vIma so pelo tuja paraNamesa // 1 // duhA / jaTamala vANI sarasa rasa kahatA sarasa varavaMda cahavANa kula udhAro huvA ju vAcA caMda // 2 // duhA | goro zavata Ata guNo vAdala Ata valavaMta volIsa bAta bIhuNI sAMbhala jo saba saMta // 3 // duhA / laDa bhIDane sAko kIye vasudhA vA vISyati cItrakuTa cAva kIye tehe suno AvadAta // 4 // anuvAda --suka saMpana ke deNavAle saba vAtakA suka saba Akalake beNavAle Ayese gaNapata he so pele tuma ku namasakAra karatA hu // 1 // Arathapelo jaTamala nAvakavesara ke te he ye kathA vanAI hAmAre vacana saca ju sena he ye kathA kayesI he ke gorA bAdala dono kAkA bhatIMjA huve he tIno ne cutrANa kula udhAlA va laDabhIDa ne sAM ko kIye vacana ke pAlanevAle huve // 2 // goro valavAna vohota guNI bAdala mAhA valabAna hai so ye dono ko bAta me ketA huM Ayelo ko tuma suno // 3 // gorA bAdalane pAtasyAhA AlAudIna se laDAI karake tamAma porathomeM nAva kIyA cItoDa gaDa kuTAvA kIyA so unokI kAhAnI hAma dete hai // 4 // Aratha cavathA anta 1 mUla--duhAM | solase AsI ye sama phAguNa punama mAsa vIrA rasa sINagAra rasa kaha jaTamala suparakAsa // 146 // hAM / vAse 10

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* prapandhAvalI : morachaDo Acala supI gaIyeta loka hAnada uTha vohota ghara ghara dIpavata nahIM soga // 147 // duhAM / rAja tIhA AlIpAnI iSANa nAsIra naMda sIravAra sakala ju paTANa meM naSetrAmeM caMda // 148 // duhaaN| dharama sIhe ko nadana jaTamala vAko nAva joNa kahI katha banAye ke vIca savala ke gAva // 146 // duhaaN| ke tA ANada upaje suNatA saba sukha hoye jaTamala nave guNI jana vIghatana lAge koye // 150 / / anughAda-gore kI Avarata AyesA vacana sunakara Apane pAvaMda kI pagaDI hAta me lekara vAhA satI hui so sIvapura meM jAke vAhA dono bhele huve // 144 // gorA vAdalakI kathA gurUke va sarasvatI ke meharavAnagI se purana hui tIsa vAste guru ku va sarasvatI ku namasakAra karatA hu // 145 // ye kathA solase AsI ke sAla me phAguna sudI punamake roja vanAi ye kathA me do rasa he vIrA rasa va sonagAra rasa he so kayA // 146 // morachaDo nAva gAva kA rahane vAlA kadhesara jAhA usa gAva ke loga bhohota sukI he ghara ghara me AnaMda hotA hai koi ghara me phakIra dISatA nahIM // 147 // usa jaga AloSAna vAva rAja karatA he nasIrula SA kA laDakA he so saba paTAno me saradAra hai jayese tAro me caMdramA saradAra he AyesA vo hai // 148 // dharamasI nAva kAyeta tInakA veTA jaTamala nAva kavesara ne ye kathA savala gAva me puraNa karI // 146 // gorA bAdalakI kathA tamAma hui jo koi vAMce tosaku duvA pocegaa|| ____ unako riporTa kI isa bhUla se hindI-sAhitya ke itihAsa meM khar3I polo kA sthAna bilkula bhramAtmaka ho gayA hai| ___ isa riporTa ke prakAzana ke bAda 'mizrabandhuvinoda', prathama bhAga, pR0 416 naM. 255 meM isa prakAra kavi jaTamala ke viSaya meM likhA gayA hai___"isa kavi ne saMvat 1680 meM gorA bAdala kI kathA gadya meM kahI bhaura isa bhASA meM khar3I bolI kA prAdhAnya hai| ataH khar3I bolI

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* prabandhAvalI pradhAna gadya kA gaMgAbhATa ke pIche satra se prathama racayitA yahI jaTamala kavi hai| __ gorA bAdalakI kathA guru ke basa sarasvatIke maharavAnagI se pUrana bhaI tisa vAste gurU kU va sarasvatI ka napaskAra karatA huuN| ye kathA solase AsI ke sAla meM phAguna sudI punama ke roja vanAI / morachar3o nAva gAvakA rahanevAlA kavesara jagahA usa gAMvake loga bhohota (bahuta) sukI hai, ghara-gharameM Ananda hotA hai, koI gharameM phakIra dIkhatA nhiiN| dharamasI nAya kA vetalIna kA veTA jaTamala nAva kasara ne ye kathA sabaLa gAMvameM pUraNa krii|" ukta pustaka ke dvitIya bhAga, pR0 612-13 naM0 1117 meM gadha iti. hAsa ke varNana meM aisA likhA hai___ "vartamAna gadya ke janmadAtA sadala mizra aura lallUjI lAla mAne jAte haiM kucha vaidyaka Adi kI pustakeM bho likhI gaI aura kaI granthoM kI TokAyeM bhI brajabhASA gadyameM banIM, parantu pahale pahala gorakhanAtha ne gadya-kAvya kiyA aura phira khar3o bolI pradhAna gadya meM pustaka rUpa se gaMgabhATa ne kAvya kiyA aura jaTamalane saM0 1680 meM goga bAdala kI lar3AI likho| usake pIche sUrati mizrane vaitAlapacIso kA saMskRta se brajabhASA meM anuvAda saMvat 1750 ke lagabhaga kiyaa| inake prAyaH 100 varSa bAda inhIM donoM mahAzayoMne gadyameM kAvyagrantha line aura tabhI se vartamAna gadya hindI ko jar3a dRr3hatAse sthira huii|" pazcAt mizrabandhubhoM ne hindo-sAhityakA saMkSipta itihAsa prakAzita kiyA, aura usake pR0 30, 31 aura 08 meM bhI isa gadya anuvAda ke viSaya meM usI siddhAnta ko puSTa kiyA, jo isa prakAra hai "jaTamala bar3I bolI gaya kA dvitIya lekhaka hai| isane gorA bAdala kI kathA nAmaka grantha meM usI kA prAdhAnya rakhA hai| viThThalanAtha, gokulanAtha, gaMgAbhATa, banArasIdAsa aura aremala isa

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*74 * * pravandhAyalI. samayake gadya-lekhaka hai| isa kAla meM bhASA meM anuprAsa yamakAdi kA vizeSa Adara nahIM huaa| ___jaTamala ( saMvat 1680 vi0) he vAta kI cItaur3a gar3a ko gorA bAdala huA hai jIna kI vArtA kI kitAba hIMdavI meM banA kara taiyAra karI hai| gore ko bhAvarata Ave kA bacana sunakara Apa ne pAvaMda kI pagar3I hAtha meM lekara vAhA satI huI so zivapura meM jAke vAhA donoM mele huve| usa jaga AlISAna bAghA rAja karatA hai masIha vAkA lar3akA hai so saba paThAnoM meM saradAra hai jayese tAroM meM candramA saradAra hai bhoyasA vo hai|" phira bAda meM paM0 rAmacandra zuklajI ne bhI uso bhramapUrNa dhAraNA se 'hindI-sAhitya ke itihAsa ke pRSTha 473 meM jaTamala aura unakI racanApara nimnalikhita bAta likho hai___ "vat 1680 meM meghAr3a ke rahanevAle jaTamala ne gorA bAdala kI jo kathA likhI thI, vaha kucha rAjasthAnopana liye khar3I bolI meM thii| bhASA kA namUnA dekhiye___ gorA bAdala kI kathA gurU ke basa, sarasvatI ke maiharabAnagI se, purana bhaI, tila vAste gurU va sarasvatI * namaskAra karatA hai / ye kathA sola se asI ke sAla meM phAguna sudI pUnama ke roja bnaaii| ye kathA meM do rasa he-bIra rasa va siMgAra rasa hai, so kathA morachar3o nAvaM gAMva kA rahanevAlA kvesr| usa gAMva ke loga bhohota sukhI hai| ghara-ghara meM AnaMda hotA hai, koI ghara meM phakIra dIkhatA nhiiN| ina donoM avataraNoM se spaSTa patA lagatA hai ki akabara aura jahA~gIra ke samaya meM hI khar3I bolI bhinna-bhinna pradezoM meM ziSTa samAja ke vyavahAra kI bhASA ho calI thii| yaha bhASa, urdU nahIM

Page #102
* prabandhAvalI. kahI jA sakatI, isama 'namaskAra', 'sukhI' 'AnaMda', 'dhIrarasa' Adi saMskRta zabda usI prakAra Aye haiM, jisa prakAra Ajakala Ate haiN| yaha hindI khar3I bolI hai|" ___ kavi jaTamala ne mevAr3a kI rAnI padmAvatI kI kathA likhI, isalie zukjI ne unakA mevAr3a kA rahanevAlA batAyA hai| yaha ThIka nahIM hai. kyA ki ve lAhorake nikaTavartI prAmake rahanevAle the| zuklajI ne isa varNana meM khar3I volI ke zabdoMpara jo kucha vivecana kiyA hai, usapara yahA~ kucha kahanA anAvazyaka hai / . phira rAyabahAdura zyAmasundaradAsajI ne 'hindI bhASA aura sAhitya' nAmaka eka vizAla prantha prakAzita kiyaa| usa pustaka ke 10 460 para bhI isI bhramavaza unhoMne jaTamala ko gadya-lekhaka mAnA hai| parantu jahAM taka merA khayAla hai, kavi jaTamalane gadya meM eka bhI racanA nahIM kii| ina lekhakoM ke bAda paM. rAmazaMkarakhI zukla 'rasAla' ema0 e0 kA bhI san 1931 meM hindI sAhitya kA itihAsa' prakAzita huA hai| isa prathameM bhI unhoM ne gorA bAdala kI kathApara bhramavaza jo TippaNI listrI hai, use yahA~ uddhRta kiyA jAtA hai___ "gorA bAdala kI kathA-bar3I golI ko prAdhAnya dete hue saM0 1980 meM jaTamala kavine ise gadya meM likhaa| gaMgake bAda yahI pa.vi khar3I bolI gadya kA dvitIya pradhAna lekhaka kahA gayA hai| isako bhASA bahuta kucha brajabhASAse prabhAvita hai| kArakAdi ke rupa to khar3I bolI ke rUpoM se milate hai, kintu kriyAoM ke rUpa brajabhASAko ora jhukate haiN| badrInAtha bhaTTa po0 50, hindI-adhyApaka, lakhanaU-vizvavidyA. laya ne hindI kI utpatti aura hindIsAhityake vikAsapara hind|' nAmaka pustaka likhI hai, jisakI tutoSAvRttike pR0 35-36 para isa prakAra hai

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* prabandhAvalI * "jaTamala ne saMvat 1680 meM jo gorA bAdala kI kathA' linI hai. usameM 'hiMdavI' zabda likhA hai| ina saba bAtoMse sUcita hotA hai ki isa sayaya taka hindIke arabI phArasI mizrita rUpakA nAma 'udu' nahIM par3A thaa|" parantu vAstavameM jaTamala ne apane kAvya meM 'hiMdavI' aisA koI zabda hI nahIM likhA hai| phira pR. 76 para bhaTTajI ne bhI vaho varNana kiyA hai_ "jaTamala ne 'gorA bAdala kI kathA' gadya meM likhii| isakI bhASA zuddha khar3I bolI nahIM hai, yadyapi ceSTA usI meM likhane kI kI gaI hai|" mujhe AzA hai ki adhyApaka narottamadAsajo apane susampAdita saMskaraNa ko prakAzita kara hindI-sAhityake itihAsa ke isa bhramako dUra kareMge, tathA aura bhI vidvAngaNa isa kAvyako pratiyoM kI khojakara kavi jaTamala kI anya kRtiyoMko prakAzita kreNge| rAyabahAdura zyAmasundaradAsajI kI riporTa meM tathA bAda meM prakAzita hindI-bhASA ke itihAsoM meM gorA bAdala kI kathA' ke mUla aura anuvAda ke pATha meM bhI sthAna-sthAna meM ghaho bhrama calA AtA hai| sosAyaTI kI prati evaM bokAnera aura jodhapurako pratiyoM kI nakala aura apanI pratike nirIkSaNa se jo zaMkAe~ uThatI haiM, unameM mukhya yaha haiM racanAkAla bIkAnera ko prati meM kAvya kA racanAkAla saMvat 1686 hai 'saMvata solai sai chayAso, bhalA bhAdrava mAsa / ekAdasI tithi vora ke dina karI dhari ulAsa / ' sosAyaTo ko prati meM racanAkAla saM0 1680 hai 'solase AsIye sama phAguNa punama mAsa / vIrA rasa sINagAra rasa kA jaTamala suprkaas|'

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*pravanyAvalI. . jodhapurakI prati meM nathA merI prati meM racanAkAla ke samaya kA koI ullekha nahIM hai| ghokAnera kI prati kA likhana saMvata 1792 hai, yAno ina cAroM meM saba se purAno hai| merI prati saMvat 1780 kI likhI huI hai| aisI dazA meM isa kAvya kI aura bhI pratiyAM ko milAkara isake racanAkAlakA Thoka patA lagAnA caahie| anyakartA kavi jaTamala kA nAhara gotrIya hone ke viSayameM sosAyaTI kI prati ke sivA aura tInoM pratiyoMmeM isa prakAra spaSTa ullekha hai:sosAyaTI kI prati meM 'dharama sIhe ko naMdana jaTamala vAko nAva / jINa kahI katha banAye ke bIca savalake gAva / ' bIkAnera kI prati meM 'dharamasI ko naMda mAhara jAti jaTamala nAuM / tina karI kathA banAya ke vici subalA ke gaaNm|' jodhapura kI prati meM 'dharamasI ko naMda nAhara khAMpa jaTamala nAma / jiNa kahI kathA vaNAya ke voci subulAkai gAma / ' merI prati meM 'dharmasI ko naMdana nAhara jAti jaTamala nAma / jiNa kahI kathA banAyaviva siMdhulA ke gaaNm|' yadyapi sosAyaTI kI prati meM anyakartA ke gotra kA ullekha nahIM hai. tathApi jaba aura tInoM pratiyoM meM unakA gotra pAyA jAtA hai, to isa meM zaMkA nahIM honI cAhie /

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* nivAsa sthAna sosAyaTI kI prati meM pranthakartA kA vAsasthAna jo 'morachar3o' likhA hai, vaha bho azuddha pratIta hotA hai / sosAyaTI kI prati maiM 'vAse morachar3o bhAvala sutrI raIyeta loka / hAnada uTha vohota ghara ghara doSavata nahIM soga / ' parantu bokAnera kI prati meM 'aba vasaha muha cha aDola avicala sukhI raIyata loka / ANaMda ghari 2 hoya maMgala dekhIye nahIM soka / ' jodhapura kI pratimeM 'varksa mosa aDola avicala sukhI raIyata loga / AnaMda ucchA hota ghari ghari devIyata nahi soga / ' merI prati meM * pravandhAvalI * 'vasai mAMca aDola avicala luSa raIyata loga 1 AnaMda ucchava hota ghari ghari deSIyata nahi soga / ' maMgalAcaraNa C. maMgalAcaraNa ke padoM meM bhI pratiyoM meM antara hai / sosAyaTI kI prati meM -- 'suka saMpata dAyeka sakala sIMda vuda sehata ganesa / ghIgaNa vIjaraNa vIna so pelo tuja paraNamesa |1| ' bIkAnera kI prati meM Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat 'caraNa kamala vitu lAya / sama zrI zrI sAradA / suhamati de mujha mAya / karU kathA tuhi dhyAi kai / 1 ' www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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* prasthAvalI - jodhapura kI prati meM karake dIjai mo rUpA, pAvana sumata gnnet| vidhana viDAraNa sujakaraNa, jaya jaya sutana mahesa / 1 / ' mero prati meM 'su ( la saMpati ) dAyaka sakala / siddhi buddhi sahita gaNeza / viyana viDAraNa vinaya sauN| pahilo tujha praNameza / 1 / ' ina saba viSayoM ke atirikta pratiyoM ke pAThAntara Adipara bhI viSecana karaneko AvazyakatA hai, parantu isa prabandha kA phaleyara bar3hAnA anucita samajhakara isako yahAM samApta karatA huuN| 'vizAla bhArata' varSa 12 aMka 6, disambara, 1933, pR0 026-115

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dhArmika udAratA saMsAra meM dharma hI eka aisI vastu hai ki jisakI sRSTi saba dharmavAle alaukika batAte haiN| koI isako anAdi kahate hai, koI svayaM Izvara kA vacana athavA koI Izvaratulya avatAra ke kahe hue upadeza aura niyamAdi ke pAlama ko hI dharma kahate hai| caturdaza rajjvAtmaka joraloka meM jitane bhI jIva haiM sukhaprApti ke liye saba lAlAyita rahate haiN| jIva kI mukti arthAt nirvANa ke atirikta jitane prakAra ke sukha haiM saba sAmayika tathA nirdiSTakAla aura parimANa ke hote haiM / 'dharma' zabda ke artha ko dekhiye to yahI jJAta hogA ki yaha aisI vastu hai ki jo jIva ko duHkha meM par3ate hue se bavAve / jo apane ko kaSTa se racAve aura sukha kI prApti karAve aisI vastu ko kona nahIM cAhatA ? sArAMza yaha hai ki kisI na kisI prakAra kA 'dharma manuSyamAtra ko caahiye| cAhe unakA dharma sanAtana ho, cAhe jaina, cAhe bauddha, vAhe IsAI ho, cAhe ve musalamAna hoM, cAhe nAstika hoM, unako kisI na kisI dharma kI athavA kisI mahApuruSa ke calAye hue mata kI duhAI denI par3atI hai| jisa prakAra samAja meM cAhe vaha garIba ho cAhe seTha sAhUkAra athavA rAjA mahArAjA ho sAmAjika dRSTi se saboM kA darjA eka hai, unameM koI bar3A choTA nahIM samajhA jAtA usI prakAra dhArmika dRSTi se bhI eka hI dharma ke pAlanevAle sAlogoM ko gaNanA eka hI zreNI meM hotI hai| parantu apane apane dharmavAle unako dhArmina daSTikoNa se dUsare dharmAnuyAyiyoM ko ghRNA ke bhAva se dekhate haiN| itihAsa kahatA hai ki

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* prabandhAvalI. dharma ke nAma para musalamAna logoM ne kaI bAra saMgrAma cher3a diyA thaa| maiM kurAna zarIpha se paricita nahIM hUM parantu sambhava hai unake dharmapravartaka mahammada sAhaba kA aisA upadeza na hogaa| dUsaroM ke dharmakA nAza karake apane dharma kA pracAra karanA dUsarI bAta hai, parantu manuSya hokara isa prakAra dUsare manuSyako kaSTa pahuMcAnA dharma nahIM ho sktaa| apane dharmAnuyAyiyoM kI saMkhyA vRddhi karane ko dharma samajhanA svAbhAvika hai, parantu ve loga isa vicAra ko kAryarUpa meM lAne ke samaya sImA ke bAhara jAte the| jaina dharma ke tatva meM anya dharma ko athavA anya dharmAvalambiyoM ko 'na nivijaI na badijaI' yahA~ taka ki nindA pharanA manA hai| dhArmika viSayoM meM aisI udAratA avazya honI cAhiye / hamAre tIrthaMkara jAtinirvizeSa se upadeza diyA karate the| jainiyoMke dharmagrantha se spaSTa hai ki tIrthaMkaroM ke 'samavasaraNa' meM arthAt jisa sthAna se tIrthakara dhanmopadeza dete the vahAM para saba jIvoMkA-pazupakSiyoM taka kA bhI sthAna rahatA thA aura devatA se lekara tiryaMca taka sarva prakAra ke prANI apanI apanI bhASA meM bhagavAna kA upadeza samajha lete the| isa alaukika zakti ko tIrthakaroM kA 'atizaya' batAyA gayA hai| jainiyoM ke antima tIrthaMkara zrImahAvIra svAmI ko hue Aja 25 zatAbdI ho calI to bhI jainiyoM meM vahI udAratA dekhane meM AtI hai| idhara kaI zatAbdI taka musalamAna samrATagaNa bhArata ke zAsaka rhe| yahA~ ke nivAsiyoM se ulogoM kA rAjA prajA kA sambandha huA thaa| ye loga hindU dharmAvalambiyoM ko samaya samaya para utpIr3ita karate rhe| dekhiye - hinduoM ke prasiddha tIrthasthAna 'somanAtha' jo bhArata ke sudUra saurASTra prAMta meM hai vahA~ mahammada gajanI ne jisa prakAra mUrti ko naSTa kiyA thA vaha kathA bhArata ke samasta itihAsa kI pustakoM meM varNita haiN| zatAbdiyoM taka anAcAra hotA rahA aura rahI sahI lagabhaga 17 vIM zatAbdI meM 'kAlA pahAr3a meM bihAra aura baMgaprAnta

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* pravandhAvalI * parantu ke saba hindU, bauddha devatA aura deviyoM kI mUrttiyAM tor3a dI thIM / dhArmika udAratA ke kAraNa jainiyoM para koI vizeSa atyAcAra kA ullekha nahIM miltaa| mujhe kucha samaya pUrva tIrtha - rAjagRha ke paMca pahAr3oM meM se pahile vipulAcala ke zrIpArzvanAtha maMdira kI vizAla prazasti milI thii| yaha saMskRta bhASA meM gadya-padyamaya hai aura isakA samaya vikrama saMvat 1412 arthAt 15 vIM zatAbdI hai / usa samaya samrAT phiroz2a zAha rAjya karate the / ukta prazasti meM ullekha hai ki musalamAnagaNa bhI jainiyoMke dhArmika kArya meM sahAyatA dete the prazasti ke Adi aura anta ke kucha bhAvazyaka aMza yahAM udhRta kiye jAte haiM : 1 I "OM namaH zrIpArzvanAthAya / zreyaH zrIvipulAcalA maragiristheyaH / sthitisvAkRtiH / patrazreNiramAbhirAmabhujagAdhIzaskaTAsaMsthitiH // pAdAsonadivaspatiH zubhaphalo kIrttipuSpo dAmaH / zrIsaMghAya dadAtu bAMchitaphalaM zrIpArzva kalpadrumaH // 1 // zrIrAjagRha mahAtIrthe / gajeMdrAkAramahA potaprAkAra zrI vipulagirivipula vUlApIThe saphalamahIpAlacakracUlAmANikyamarocimaMjaropiMjaritacaraNasaroje / suratrANazrIsAhiparoje mahamanuzAsati / tadIyaniyogAnmagadheSu malikavayo nAma maMDalezvarasamaye / tadIyasevakasaddaNa sadura dInasAhAyyenaiti vikrama saMvat 1412 ASAr3ha badi 6 dine / zrIkharataragacchazRGgArasuguruzrIjinalandhiviTTAlaMkArazrI jina caMdrasUri NAmupadezena / ....... baccharAja Tha0 devarAja suzrAvakAbhyAM kAritaH zrIpArzvanAtha prAsAdasya prazastiH // * ...... ......... ..... ... .40 bhAvArtha yaha hai ki sulatAna phirojazAha ne malikacaya ko magadha pradeza kA sUbA arthAt zAsaka niyukta kiyA thaa| sUbA ke kAryakarttA zAha nAsiruddarzana kI sahAyatA se magadhadeza sthita rAjagRha tIrtha ke nilagiri para AcArya zrIjinacandra sUri ke upadeza se

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* prabandhAvalI vaccharAja devarAja ne zrIpArzvanAtha kA maMdira saM0 1415 ASAr3ha vadI 6 ko banavAyA / # 28 # samrAT akabara kI dhAmmiMka udAratA prasiddha hai / jahA~gIra, zAhajahA~ Adi bAdazAhoM ke samaya meM bhI jainiyoM ko dhArmika viSayoM maiM sahAyatA milI thii| unake pavitra tIrthakSetroM ke saMrakSaNa ke liye samaya samaya para gujarAta, mAlavA, baMgAla Adi prAnta ke sUboM meM logoM se pharamANa Adi bhI prApta kiye the I * jainiyoM meM zvetAmbara aura digambara do mukhya sampradAya haiN| maiM digambara - sAhitya se vizeSa paricita nahIM hUM / zvetAmbara - sAhitya ke itihAsa ko maiMne jahAM taka avalokana kiyA hai, usase yaha spaSTaH pratIta hotA hai ki zvetAmbara AcArya aura vidvAnoM ne prAcIna kAla se ajaina vidvAnoM kI kRtiyoM ko niHsaMkoca se apanAyA thA / unakA abhyAsa karate the, una para pANDityapUrNa TIkAyeM racI haiM, unake sAhitya ko bar3I zraddhA kI dRSTi se dekhate the / yahI dhArmika udAratA hai / jainiyoM ke zvetAmbara sampradAya meM siddhasena divAkara, umAkhati vAcaka* haribhadra abhayadeva se lekara hemacandrAcArya Adi tathA digambara sampradAya meM kuMkakuMdAcArya, samaMtabhadra, akalaMkadeva, prabhAcaMdra, vidyAnaMdi, jinasena Adi bar3e bar3e prakhyAta vidvAna ho gaye haiM jinakI kRtiyoM kI pAzcAtya vidvAnagaNa bhI bhUri bhUri prazaMsA karate haiM / parantu sanAtana dharmAvalambI paNDitoM ne unheM kahIM apanAyA ho aisA dekhane meM nahIM AtA yahA~ taka ki ve mahatvapUrNa jaimagranthoM ke nAmollekha karane meM bhI hicakate the / yaha anudAra bhAva una logoM kI dhArmika - * - * ye tathA Age ke bhI do eka AcArya digambara-sampradAya meM bhI mAnya haiM - sampAdaka /

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* pravandhAvalI # * 85 * saMkIrNatA hai| * arjana vidvAnoM ke nAnA viSaya ke prasthoM ko zvetAmbara logoM ne kisa prakAra apanAyA hai isakA kucha dvaSTAMta maiM yahAM upasthi karUMgA / AzA hai ki digambara vidvAnagaNa bhI isa prakAra dhArmika udAratA ko prakAzita kreNge| hAla hI meM amerikA ke pensilaveniyA vizvavidyAlaya ke saMskRtAdhyApaka DA0 naramaina brAuna sAhaba meM 'kAlikAcArya kathA' + nAmaka aGgarejI meM pustaka prakAzita ko hai, jisako bhUmikA pR0 4 meM jainAcAryoM ke viSaya meM isa prakAra likhate haiM : "It is perhaps permissible to record here my appreciation not merely of the courtesy and scholarship of Jain monks and laymen but also of their lofty ideals and noble lives. They are of the greatness that is India. There is a spirit of helpfulness, tolerence and sacrifice coupled with their intelligence and religious devotion that marks them as one of the world's choice com munities.* bharthAt " jaina sAdhuoM aura gRhasva janoM ke ziSTAcAra aura vidvatA ke sAtha sAtha unake UMce bhAdazaM aura utkRSTa jIvana kA yahAM ullekha * prabandha prakAzita hone ke pazcAt maisUra ke prasiddha vidvAn DA0 e0, kATA subeyA mahodaya ne sUcita kiyA hai ki karNATaka deza ke sanAtana vidvAna gaNa jaina sAhitya ko udAratA se apanAye haiM / lekhaka (f) * The Story of Kalaka' by W. Norman Brown, Prof, of Sans, in the University of Pennsylvania, Washington U. S. A. 1933, Preface p. IV.

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* apadhAvalI. kara denA zAyada ucita hogaa| unake bar3appana se bhArata gauravAnvita hai| una meM sahAyatA, sahanazIlatA aura tyAga kI zakti hai| unakI buddhi aura dhArmika lavalInatA ina saba gugoM ke sAtha milakara inheM saMsAra ke Adarza sampradAyoM meM se eka pramANita karatI hai|" __ yaha dekhakara Azcarya hotA hai ki bhArata ke kinhoM bhI dhammAvala. striyoM meM jainiyoM kI taraha dhArmika udAratA nahIM pAI jAtI hai| yadi ajaina vidvAnagaNa apane 2 sAhitya se aise 2 dRSTAMta prakAzita kara sakeM to merA yaha bhrama dUra ho jaay| ajaina sAhitya ke nAnA granthoM para jaina logoM ne kisa prakAra TIkA, vRtti Adi kI racanA kI hai yaha nimna likhita tAlikA se pAThakoM ko vidita hogaa| yahAM taka ki hindIgrantha para bhI jainAcAryoMne kaI TokAyeM raca DAlI haiN| jainavidvAnoM ne siddhAnta ke atirikta vyAkaraNa, nyAya, kAvya, koSa, alaMkAra, nIti, jyotiSa Adi nAnA viSayoM para acche 2 grantha race haiN| kevala hemacandrAcArya ke hI aneka grantha vidyamAna haiN| inake pUrva siddharSi AcAryane 'upamiti-bhava-prapaMca-kathA' nAmaka grantha likhA thA jo ko sAhityika dRSTi se bar3e mahatva kA hai| isa lekha meM ina saboM kA ullekha karanA anAvazyaka hai| itanA hI likhanA yatheSTa hogA ki zrImahAvIra svAmI ke pazcAt Aja lagabhaga paccIsa zatAbdI taka jaina loga dhArmika udAratAke sAtha sAhitya kI sevA bajA rahe haiN| jainAcAryagaNa mahatvapUrNa ajaina granthoM ke nAma lekara svayaM acche acche kAvya race haiN| 11 vIM zatAbdI meM zrIjinezvara sUrine "jainanaiSadhIya" nAmakA eka sundara kAvya kI racanA kI thii| zrIjayazekhara sarine "jaina-kumAra-saMbhava" likhA hai jo unakI vidvattA prakaTa karatI hai| "jainameghadUta' kI racanA bhI prazaMsanIya hai| bhAratavarSa ke anya vidvAnoM meM kahIM bhI isa prakAra kI udAratA kA dRSTAnta nahIM milegaa|

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* prayadhAvalI. arjana granthoMpara vatAmbara jaMna vidvAnoMkI TIkA : - vyAkaraNa kAnanya-patra*-barddhamAna mariyata kAtaMtra vistAra' / somakIrti sarikana ( kalAra) 'kAtaMtra paMjikA' vRtt| jinaprabha sarikRta 'kAtaMtra. vibhrA' vRtta / vAritrasiMhakana 'kAtaMtravibhramAvari' / merugarikRta 'bAlAyabodha' vRtti| vijayanandanakRta 'paahtaa'| durgasiMhakRta vRtti / pRthvIcaMdra sUrikRta 'dausiMha' vRtta / munizekharakRta vRtti / prayodha mUrtikRta 'dugapadaprayodha' vRtta / municaMda sUrikRta vRtti / gautama kRta kAtaMtradIpikA' / vijayAnaMdakRta 'kAtaMtrottara' / pANini - rAmacaMdrahita vAnugATa' ttiikaa| siddhAMta vandrikA-dadita 'suvAdhinI' ttokaa| mugdhavadha - kulamaMDanAta 'mugdhAvabodha ukti' / kAzikAnyAsa-jinaMdabuddhikRta / / kavikalpadma- vijayavilakA avacare / sArasvata - sahajAtizata vRtta / bhAnucanta ttiikaa| dayAratnakRta vRtta / megharatnarata chuTikA' vRtta / yatIrAhata 'sAra. sva dApikA' vRtti / candrakIrtita vRtti / nayasundara hata ttiikaa| zraH maMDanahata sArasvata-maNDana ttokaa| vAkyaprakAza- udayadharmakRta ttiikaa| harSa kulasta ttokaa| ratasUri ruta ttaakaa| ani kArikA-zanAmANispana apri| harSakotizata vRtti / * isA kAtantra sUtra para digamparAvArya bhArata vizva kRta bhI "kAnantrarUmAlA" nAma kA eka prazata vRtta hai| balika kaI vidhAna kAtanAparavAyA zavAka: javAnI deN| [saM.] 12

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* prabanpAvalI* 'zAzTraprabheda'- jJAnadhimalakRta 'zabdabhedaprakAza' vRtti / (mahezvara phaSi racita) alaMkAra vRttaratnAkara- somacandrasUrikRta TIkA / harSakIrtikRta TIkA / samaya sundarakRta ttiikaa| zrutapodha- harSarAjakRta TIkA / harSakIrtikRta ttiikaa| chandaH zAstra- varddhamAna sUrikRta TIkA / zrIcandra sUrikRta ttiikaa| padmaprabhasUrikRta ttiikaa| pagalasAra- vivekakIrtikRta ttiikaa| kAvyAlaMkAra- namisAdhukRta ttiikaa| kAvyaprakAza-- yazovijayakRta TIkA / mANikyacandrakRta 'kAvyaprakAza sNket'| gAthAsaptazatI-bhuvanapAlakRta vRtti / vidagdhamukhamaMDana-zivacandrakRta ttiikaa| jinaprabhasUrikRta cuurnni| kAvya kAdambarI- sUracandrakRta ttiikaa| madanamantrikRta 'kAdambarIdarpaNa' ttiikaa| bhAnucandrakRta TIkA (pUrva khaMDa ) siddhicandra kRta TIkA ( uttara khaMDa) bhaTTI kAvya- kumudAnaMdakRta "subodhinI" ttiikaa| raghuvaMza--- cAritravarddhanakRta 'zizuhitaiSiNI' ttiikaa| dharmamerukRta 'subodhinI' ttiikaa| sumativijayakRta 'sugamAnvayA' ttiikaa| samudrasUrikRta TIkA / ratnacandrakRta ttiikaa| vijayagaNikRta ttiikaa| samayasundarakRta ttiikaa| guNa vijayakRta ttiikaa| kumAra saMbhava- vijayaNakRta vRtti / lakSmIballabhakRta TIkA / cAritra. varddhanakRta zizu hitaiSiNI' ttiikaa| munimatirakRta 'bhvri'| jinabhadrasUri kRta 'yAlayodhinI' ttiikaa|

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* prabandhAvalI. pIka meghadUna - kSemahaMsakRta vRtti| mahImerukRta 'bAlAvabodha' TIkA / sumativijaya kRta 'avcuuri'| merutuMgasUrikRta vRtti / mahimasiMhakRta ttiikaa| Asar3Ata ttiikaa| naiSadha jimarAjasUrikRta TIkA / zrInAthasUrikRta 'nepathAkAza' ttiikaa| cAritravarddhanakRta ttiikaa| kirAtArjunIya-vinayasundarakRta vRtti| dharmavijayakRta vAda: ttiikaa| zizupAlavadha- vallabhadevakRta ttiikaa| cAritravarddhanakRta ttiikaa| nalodaya- mAdityasUrikRta ttiikaa| pAsavadattA- siddhicandrakata vRtti| sarvacandrakRta vRtti| narasiMha senakRta ttiikaa| rAghavapAMDavIya-padmanaMdIkRta TIkA / puSpadantakata ttophaa| vArisa. varddhanakRta ttiikaa| maMDaprazasti- guNavinayapata 'subodhikA' vRtti / ayasomagaNita ttiikaa| vijayagaNikRta ttiikaa| karpUramaMjarI- premarAjavata laghu ttiikaa| rAjazekharakata TIkA / dhamma ____ candrapa.ta vRtti| bhartRharizataka-dhanasArasAdhukRta ttiikaa| jinasamudrasarikRta ttiikaa| rUpacandrakRta ttvaary| avaruzataka- ApakadrakRta svArtha para paMcAzikA-u0 mahimodayakta ghAlAvodha' TokA agadAbharaNakAvya-bAnapramovakRta TIkA ghaTakaparakAvya zAMtisUrikRta rIkA vRndAvanakAnya zivabhadrakAvya rAkSasakAvya

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60% nATaka jinaharSakRta vRtti / naracandrakRta TippaNa | devaprabhakRta / 1 'rahasyAdarza' TIkA / prabodhacandrodaya - ratnazekharakRta vRtti jinaharSakRta vRtti / kAmadAsa kRta vRtti / anargharAghava -- rAghavAbhyudaya rAmacandrakRta TIkA I damayantI- campU - prabodhanANikyakRta TippaNa | caMDapAlakRta TIkA / guNavijayagaNikRta TIkA / nalacambU - - -- tarkabhASA-- takaM phakkikA kSamAkalyANakRta tarka rahasyadIpikA - guNaratnasUrikRta / nyAyAbadalI-- naracandrasUrikRta TIkA : rAjazekharasUrikRta paMjikA / ratnazekharasUrikRta TIkA / - nyAyapraveza - haribhadrasUrivRta TIkA jayasiMhasUrikRta TokA nyAyasAra nyAyalaMkAra - abhayatilakakRta vRtti nyAyabodhinI - netR siMhakRta TIkA pAtAMjalayogadarzana - yazovijayakRta TIkA yogamAlA - guNAkarakRta laghuvRtti jyotiSa nyAya zubhavijaya kRta vArttika / TIkA / -- * prabandhAvalI : jAtaka haSa vijayakRta 'jAtakadIpikA' vRtti laghujAtaka - matisAgarakRta 'bAlAvabodha' vacanikA tAjikasAra - sumatiharSakRta vRtti vasantarAjazakuna - bhAnucandrakRta TIkA svapnasaptatikA sarvadevasUrikRta vRtti Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat - www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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pravandhAyalA mahAvidyA- bhuvanamundarakRta vRtti maMtrazAstra- mallireNa kRta TIkA maMtrarAjarahasya-siMhatilakamUrikRta TIkA yoniprAbhRta- hariSeNakRta TIkA yogaratnAkara- nayazekharakRtaTIkA vaidyaka yogaratnamAlA-guNAkarakRta TIkA ramacintAmaNi-anaMtadevamUrikRta TIkA vaidyakasArasaMgraha-harSIrtikRta TIkA caMdyakasAroddhAra-harSakIrtikRta TIkA vaidyakallabha- hamtirucigaNikRta TIkA yogacintAmaNi-harSakIrtikRta TIkA jyarATaka - maladevakRta TIkA sannipAna kalikA--hemanidhAnakRta TIkA lakSaNa saMgraha- ratnazekharakRta TIkA nASA vihArI-satasaI-samarathakavikRta TIkA rasikapriyA- kuzaladhIrakRta 'rasika-priyA vivaraNa' pRthvIrAjavelo-kavisAraMgakRta saMskRta ttiikaa| kuzaladhIrakRta TIkA / zivanidhAnakRta ttokaa| zrIsArasta ttiikaa| jaya. kIrtikRta TIkA / rAjasomakata ttiikaa| 'jaina-siddhAnta-bhAskara' bhAga 2. kiraNa 1, ( jUna 1935), pR. 32-41 / jaina siddhAnta bhavana Agase prkaashit|

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dhArmika hisAba tapAsaNI khaataa| mAnyaghara pramukha sAhaba, samAgata pratinidhiyoM, samasta sahadharmI bandhuoM: "zreyaH zrI vipulAvalAmaragiri stheyaH sviti svIkRtiH / patrazreNiramAbhirAma bhujagAdhIza sphaTA saMsthitiH // pAdAsIna divaspati zubhaphalaM zrIkIrtipuSpodagmaH / zrI saMghAya dadAtu vAMchitaphalaM zrIpAzvaMkalpadrumaH // 1 // " maiM Aja aMgarejI saMvatsara ke zubhadina ko mAMgalika prArthanA karatA huA zrI caturvidhasaMgha ko namaskAra karake jo prastAva anumodana karane ke liye Apa sAhaboMke sammukha upasthita huAI, apanI kAnphonsa kI bahuta se prabandhoM meM yaha bhI eka atyAvazyakIya viSaya hai isameM saMdeha nhiiN| apanI kAnphreMsa ne isako dhyAna meM lekara rkA ghA~se jo kucha kArya kiyA hai, usakA hAla Apa logoM ko anarI aDiTara sAhaba kI riporTase jJAta huye haiM aura usako sarTiphAeSDa ekAuTeMTa mi0 hIrAcanda lIlAdhara javerIne acchI taraise vivecana kiyA hai / isa prastAvameM vicArane yogya bahutasI bAteM haiM, parantu samaya saMkSepa hai to bhI 11 bAta kahane ko icchA rakhatA, mApa loga dhyAna diijiye| jaise apane zarIra kI rakSA ke liye dAla roTI kI jarUrata hai usI prakAra apanI AtmA ke phalyANa ke liye dhArmika vyavasthA kI bhI AvazyakatA hai| isa kAraNa paraMparAse mahAnubhAva sajana puruSa loga maMdira, upAsarA, jJAnamaMDAra, dharmazAlA, naukArazI

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* pravandhAvalI * Adi nAnA prakAra dharma aura satkArya ke liye artha de gaye haiM aura usa phaMDameM abhItaka AmadanI hotI hai| aise aise kAryoM se samasta zrosaMgha lAbha uThA rahe haiN| jahAM jahAM jaina bhAI loga vasate haiM vahAM vahAM aise dharmAde paDakI kamI nahIM hai, khAsa kara ise yaha pUrva deza meM tIrtha sthAnoM kI saMkhyA adhika hone ke kAraNa bahuta se dharmAde phaNDa varttamAna haiM / parantu bahutase phaNDoM ke hisAba kI riporTa prakAzita hote dekhI nahIM gaI / * 64 I bahuta se sthAna aise haiM ki jahAM kaI kAraNoM se dharmAde phaNDa kI vyavasthA ThIka nahIM hai / yadi vahAM ko tapAsaNI ko jAya aura jo 2 truTiyA~ dokha par3e usake sudhAra kI vyavasthA ho jAya to AmadanI vRddhi hone kI AzA hai aura dina 2 dharmAde phaNDa kI avazya unnati hogI / aura jahA~ acchI bahuta se sthAnoM meM aisA bhI dekhane meM AtA hai ki sarva prakAra ke sAdhana rahate bhI kisI tuccha kAraNa se zrIsaMgha meM matabheda hokara vyavasthA meM gaDabar3a cala rahA hai| vahAM para aise kAraNoM ko zodha kara ke satra zrIsaMgha ko samajhA kara unako eka mata kara ke sudhAra kiyA jAya to bahuta hI lAbha ho saktA hai aura bhaviSyat meM adhika hAni kA kAraNa bhI dUra ho jA sakatA hai| dharmAdekI rakama kA hisAba to jahAM taka bane sApha rahanA hI ucita hai, dazA meM rahatI hai, vahAM para usa dharmAde phaNDa ke uddezya kI bhI acchItaraha saphalatA prApta hotI hai aura kArya vAhakoM ko bhI adhika utsAha rahA karatA hai| jahAM gar3abar3a rahatA hai vahAM jo mukhya 2 kAraNa hote haiM, vaha yaha hai ki prathama to dhArmika phaNDa dravyatrAna zeTha sAhukAroM ke hAtha meM rahatA hai una logoM ko apane 2 kAmoM se hI avakAza nahIM milatA to dharnA kA kArya kauna saMbhAle ? unake gumAstoM ke hAtha teM bilakula chor3A huA rahatA hai jo yadi bhAgyavaza vizvAsI mila gaye to ThIka hai nahIM to siddha zrI rakama meM hI gar3abar3a ho jAtA hai /

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* prabandhAvalI. aura mAna liyA jAya ki rakama ThIka hai parantu gumAstaM loga khAsa kAma ke yogya na hoM to ThIka vyavasthA honA asambhava hai| aisI jagaha tapAsa hone se bahuta sudhAra ho sakatA hai| phira samajhiye ye dhosaMgha ke tarapha se zrImaMta aura pUre dharmAnurAgI jAnakara jisa zeTha sAhUkAra ko dharmAde phaMDakA bhAra diyA gayA thA, kahIM 2 aisA hotA hai ki ve to acchI taraha apanA kartavya pAlana kara paraloka sidhAre aura gharako puNyAI bhI usake sAtha gii| jo bhaulAda poche rahI, nAlAyaka niklii| pahile to apanA hI ghara kharAba kiyA, pIche unakI dharmAde phaja para dRSTi par3I, rakama uThato gaI sAtha sAtha vyavasthA meM bho gar3abar3a mcii| sovA, zrIsaMgha meM apanA pakSa lene vAle nahIM rahane se Age gAr3A aTaka jAyagA, aba anyAya pakSa banAne lge| isa avasara meM yadi sudhArakI vyavasthA na ho to kucha dina pIche phira aise phaMDa se hAtha dhonA par3atA hai| punaH kaI jagaha aise phaMDa ke TrasTologa Apasa vAloM ko apano dekha rekha meM jo dharmAdA phaMDa hai usase udhAra dete haiM, para samaya para vasUla karane ko ceSThA nahIM krte| phira jaba unake mitrakA kAma maMvA par3A, usane inasAlabhaiMsI le liyA to unako jo dharmAde kI rakama udhAra dI gaI thI prAyaH saba DUba jAtI hai| aisI hAlata meM barAbara jAMca hotI rahe to yaha natIjA na gujre| kiso 2 jagaha vahovaTa karane vAle loga phajUla kAma meM jyAde rakama sarca dete haiM vaha bho barAbara tapAsa hotI rahato to yaha ukasAna na hone paataa| aura aba bhI una sthAnoM meM tapAsa hone se mAye ko hAni ruka sakatI hai / punaH kisI 2 sthaloM meM aisA hotA hai ki bahuta dinoMse hisAba nahIM dekhA gayA yahAMtaka ki khuda draSTo ne bhI na dekhA hogaa| phira jaba samaya AyA, zrI saMgha yete, taba dRSTI sAheba kI mA khlo| dekhA, bahuta rakama nAmeM AtI hai| sAyat bAta bar3he to kyA krnaa| taba pahile vahI khAte kaje kara caTa vakIla ke yahAM salAha lene daudd'e| "dravyena sabaivazAH" / phira kyA ? phosa milate hI opiniyana / 'kucha upAya to hai nahIM' eka baMdovasta ho sakatA hai, 18

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* 16 . * prabandhAvalI. agara dharmAdA khAtA aura rakama apanI khAnagI (prAiveTa) banAvo to chuTakArA ho sakatA hai| khaira, 'maratA kyA nahIM karatA'.isa nyAya se unhoMne aisA hI kiyaa| apanA paraloka DubAyA, sAtha hI dharmAdA phau bhI DUvA / parantu tapAsaNI hotI rahatI to aisA kadAcit na hotaa| kisI 2 sthAna meM jahA~ zrIjinadaityAlaya ke liye dharmAda phaMDa the vahAM ke dRSTI loga maMdira mArga chor3akara terepaMthI hue haiM ve loga prAyaH usa phaMDa ke uddezya para ucita dhyAna nahIM dete aura apane nAmoM se riporTa bAhara nikAlane meM unake sAtha meM nindA aura unake dharmameM hAni pahuMcAnekI zaMkA rakhate haiN| una logoM se bhI vinIta prArthanA hai ki ve isa khyAla ko chor3a kara isa kArya ko eka zrIsaMgha kA ucita aura dharmabhAra samajha kara usa phaNDa kI acchI taraha sAra saMbhAla kareM aura barAbara hisAba ko prakaTa kreN| isI prakAra bahuta se dRSTAMta dekhe jAte haiM aura Apa loga riporTa meM bhI isa bAtakA khulAsA suna cuke haiN| apanI prajA batsala gavarNameMTa mI isa ora dhyAna dene. bAlo thI parantu yaha karttavya khAsa apanA hI hai| yadi apane Alasya ko tyAga kara isa khAteke sudhAra para pUrI madada deveM to AzA hai ki yaha prastAva saba jagaha kAryameM pariNata hokara isakA uddezya zIghra saphalatA ko prApta kregaa| prastAva to bhAI logoM ke sAmane ho upasthita hai aura maiM anumodana karatA huA pUrNa AzA rakhatA hUM ki yaha prastAva zrIvIra zAsana ko jaya bolate hue sarva sammati se grahaNa hogaa| 11 vIM jaina zvetAmbara kAnpharensa 1674, kalakattA ke avasara para dhArmika hisAba tapAsaNI khAtA' viSayaka prastAva ke anumodanArtha vyAkhyAna ; tA0 1 janavarI 1918 /

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vartamAna samasyA maiM jaba se parivrAjaka svAmI satyadevajI kA lekha sunakara DAkTara pAnAjI ke nAma se paricita huA hUM taba se unako ekavAra mere netra divAne kI AMtarika icchA thii| ina dinoM mere mAkhoMkA dhudhalApana bar3ha jAne ke kAraNa zIghra hI bambaI jAkara ukta DAkTara sAheba se parIkSA karA lene kA vicAra karatA hI thA ki ekAeka samAcAra. patroM meM yahA~ ke jainI bhAiyoM meM paraspara dhaimanasya par3ha kara kalaha ke vikaTa svarUpa honekA bhaura pulisa taka kI sahAyatA lene kI naubata mA jAne kA samAcAra sunakara cintA huii| __mastu, maiM nAgapura mela se ravAnA humA aura yathAsamaya borIbaMdara sTezana pahuMcA / pleTaphArma para mere mitra upalita the| ve mujhe apane moTara se baMgale meM le gye| vaha eka svAsthyakara sthAna thA aura zahara se kucha mIla ke phAsale para thaa| isI kAraNa DAkTaroM se AMkheM dikhalAne meM za3 dina laga gye| aura bhI kaI kAraNoM se. vahAM kaI dina ThaharanA pdd'aa| vahAM ke sAdhamnI bandhuoM meM pahale hI dIkSA' viSaya para jo halacala maca rahI thI isa para pratidina saMvAda patrikAoM mora haiMDabIloM se janatA ke vicAra aura vahAM kI pariNiti mujhe bhacchI taraha upalabdha hotI rhii| maiM bhI isa viSaya para socatA rahA aura vartamAna samasyA para jo kucha merA anubhava huA hai vaha do akSaroM meM pAThakoM ke sammukha upalita karane kA sAhasa kiyA ii| mAzA hai hamAre vicArazIla pAThakoM ko arucikara na hogaa| __ sahRdaya bandhugaNa samajhate hoMge ki Aja 'dIkSA' kA jo prazna.

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* 68 * * pravandhAvalI * uThA hai usakI mImAMsA apane AgamAdi siddhAnta ke vAkya para hI nirbhara hai, aura zrIvIra paramAtmA se lekara Aja taka jitane alpavayaskoM kI dIkSA huI hai una dRSTAntoM para hI yaha prazna hala ho sakatA hai aura isa viSaya para jo jhagar3A chir3A huA hai usakA yahI mukhya kAraNa hai| parantu hama yaha kadApi svIkAra nahIM kreNge| Aja apane jitane bar3e 2 kendra haiM jaise 'rAjanagara, jAmanagara, surata, pATana, pAlanapUra, rAdhanapura,' cAhe 'jaina' jaina-jIvana, vorazAsana' ityAdi sarva sthAna aura patrikAoM meM bhI upasthita 'dokSA' prazna para vAdavivAda bar3hatA jAtA hai| 'dokSA' ko hI pradhAna roga samajha kara usake nidAna aura auSadhi kI cAroM ora se ceSTA ho rahI hai| mere tuccha vicAra meM isa roga kA kaisA hI nidAna kyoM na ho, kaisI hI kar3I se kar3I auSadhi kyoM na sevana karAI jAya, yaha roga mukta ko kadApi AzA nahIM hai| kAraNa roga dUsarA hI hai| yaha vyAdhi koI vyaktigata, pAnaja, dhArmika yA sAmAjika nahIM hai / yaha samaya kA jvalaMta udAharaNa hai| Aja Apa jisa ora AkheM khola kara dekheM vahIM samaya kA phoTo khiMcA huA milegaa| jo sajana asalI svarUpa ko bhUla kara nAmavarI ke liye cAhe aMdha-vizvAsa se athavA bahakAne se gaDhiyA pravAha kI taraha aMdha sattA ko sarapheMge ve thor3e hI kAla meM avazya Thokara khAMyage / maiM kisI pakSa kI bAteM puSTa karane ko yaha likhane kA prayAsa nahIM kiyA hUM, balki apane zrIsaMgha ko sAdhu. sAdhvo, zrAvaka, zrAvikAoM kI zakti, samaya aura artha ayathA naSTa hote dekhakara samaya rahate apanA vicAra pragaTa karanA kartavya samajha kara hI dhRSTatA kiyA hai| dekhiye ! choTe bar3e sabhoM kI dIkSA barAbara hotI calI AtI tho, phira Aja aisA prazna kyoM uThA! merA yahI eka uttara hai ki samaya ke kAraNa hI Aja yaha tUphAna uThA hai, yaha dalabaMdiyAM ho rahI haiM, lar3ane ke liye koSa saMgraha ho rahe haiM, yahAMtaka ki dharma kathAoM meM bhI yahI daMtakathA sunI jAtI hai| vyAkhyAna meM nAnA prakAra ke kaTAkSapUrNa jozIle bhASaNa ho rahe haiM aura janatA isI para apanA mahatva samajha rahI hai|

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* pravandhAvalI maiM aba bambaI meM thA, sunA ki paraspara meM samajhaute ke liye donoM pakSa se nirdiSTa saMkhyaka membara cunAva hokara kalaha kA bhanta kareMge / aise sarala prastAva ko kAryarUpa meM pariNata karane kI ceSTA bhA hotI rahI parantu yahAM to roga dUsarA hI thA, koI AzAprada zAMti mArga dikhAI na pdd'aa| dekhiye ! Aja sabho samAja, sabhI dharmavAle 'yAtrA bAkyaM pramANam' kA haTha chor3a kara unnati ke patha para agrasara ho rahe haiN| cAhe kisI sthAna ke koI sAdharmo bandhu athavA kisI gaccha ke koI bhI AcArya, kisI bhI jainAgama ke koI bhI mUla yA TIkAoM kI oTa meM samaya ke virUddha kucha bhI saphalatA prApta nahIM kara skeNge| yadi kisIko isa siddhAnta ke viparIta vizvAsa ho to unakA bhrama hai| ye dhokhA khAMyage / isa viSaya para eka hI siddhAnta ko smaraNa rakhiye ki samaya kabhI bhanyAya kA zrota nahIM bahAtA / jisa samaya loga apanA 2 karttavya samajheMge, dUsaroM ke hakoM para dhASA nahIM DAleMge, snigdhamastiSka se janatA kA mUla siddhAnta bhAkheM khola kara dekheMge to hastAmalakavat svayaM zAnti ho jAyagI, punaH pUrNa zakti aura bala prApta hogaa| yaha samaya bhaviSya ke andhakAra meM hai| yadi varttamAna meM roga kI avadhi dIrghavyApI hogI to na jAne dinodina kaise 2 naye upasarga khar3e hote jAyeMge / naye 2 sthAnoM meM bhA vikaTa sthiti dikhAyI degI aura samajhaute kI baiThakoM kA koI bhI phala na hogA aura jaba bhavadhi ke anta kA samaya samIpa rahegA usa samaya anAyAsa hI pUrNa zAnti prApta ho jAyagI / anta meM paramAtmA se prArthanA hai ki zrIsaMgha kI aiso varttamAna saMkaTamaya samasyA ke samaya pArasparika IrSA aura dveSabhASa ko dUra haTA deM aura samayAnukUla vicAra kI zakti dekara zrIsaMgha ke mahatva ko akSuNNa rakheM 1 'jena-jIvana' tA0 23 sepTembara, san 1626, evaM jaina-yuna pu0 5, aGka 1-2-3 1685-86 pR0 16-17

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zvetAmbara aura digambara jaina sampradAyoM kI prAcInatA isa bAta se prAyaH sabhI loga paricita haiM ki jaina sampradAya zvetAmbara aura digambara ina do sampradAyoM meM vibhakta hai / pAzcAtya bhaura bhAratIya vidvAnoMne Aja taka jitanI khoja kI hai, usase ina donoM sampradAyoM kI prAcInatA ke sambandha meM koI saMtoSaprada aitihAsika pramANa nahIM milatA hai| bhAratIya vidvAnoM meM DA0 bhaNDArakara, DA0 bhAcAryya, DA0 barubhA, DA0lA, aura prophaisara cakravatIM pro0 vidyAbhUSaNa pro0 bhaTTAcArya, pro0 zIla ityAdi baMgIya vidvAna Ajakala jaimatatva itihAsAdi viSayoM kI vizeSa carcA karate haiN| ye mahAnubhAva pustaka tathA nibandhAdi likha kara jainatatva aura itihAsa kI jo amUlya sevA kara rahe haiM usake liye jaina samAja unakA cira RNI rhegaa| vartamAna kAlameM pAzcAtya vidvAnoM meM bhI jainiyoM ke prAcIna itihAsa, tatvajJAna, itihAsa evaM AcAra vyavahAra ke bAre meM vizeSa kharcA ho rahI hai jinameM kandhapratiSTha svargIya DA0 vUlara, DA0 barjesa, DA0 hAranela tathA DA0 hArmana jaikobI, DA0 glAsenapa, DA0 goerIno, DA0 vInTanaja Adike nAma vizeSa ullekhanIya haiN| inake atirikta DA0 vArpenTiyara, DA0 TAmasa, pro0 zrutri, mi0 vArena, DA0 loomaina, DA0 hArTela, DA0 varneTa, DA0 kumArasvAmI aura prasiddha aitihAsika sva0 vinsenTa smitha ityAdi vidvAnoMne jaina dharma sambandhI bhinna bhinna viSayoM para gaveSaNApUrNa pustakeM aura nibandha likhe haiM jinase adhikAMza pAThaka bhI paricita hoNge| ina donoM sampradAyoM kI prAcInatA ke viSaya meM maiMne jo kucha

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* prabandhAvalI * aitihAsika anusandhAna kiyA hai unhIM ko pAThakoM ke samakSa isa lekha meM rakha rahA hUM, AzA hai jena itihAsa premI bhAratIya vidvAnagaNa idhara dhyAna deMge aura mujhe vizvAsa hai ki unake parizrama ke phalasvarUpa thor3e hI samaya maiM satya kA aura bhI patA lagegA aura isa viSaya kI eka prAmANika pustaka taiyAra ho skegii| yaha likhane kI AvazyakatA nahIM ki hindI aura gujarAtI bhASAoM meM donoM sampradAyoM kI prAcInatA kI puSTikai liye alaga alaga kaI pustakeM likhI gaI hai| maiM una pustakoMke sambandha meM TIkA TippaNI karane ke uddezya se athavA zvetAmbara honeke kAraNa apane sampradAya kI maryAdAvRddhi ke abhiprAya se yaha nibandha nahIM likha rahA hU~ balki nirapekSa hokara prakRta satyake anusandhAna dvArA isa viSaya ke bhrama ko dUra karane kI pavitra bhAvanA se prerita hokara hI isa ora prayatnazIla huA hUM / dw zvetAmbara aura digambara zabdoM kI vyAkhyA karane se yahI dhAraNA hotI hai ki digambara sampradAya arthAt vastrarahita : yA nagna avasthA, zvetAmbara marthAt sapheda vastradhArI sampradAya se purAnA hai, para vAstava maiM yaha dhAraNA bhramapUrNa hai| jisa prakAra prAkRta aura saMskRta zabdoMke arthoM para dhyAna dene se yaha mAlUma hogA ki prAkRta avasthA saMskRta se pahile kI hai ataH prAkRta bhASA saMskRta bhASA kI apekSA prAcIna honI cAhiye parantu yaha bhramAtmaka hai| vartamAna samaya meM prAkRta bhASA ke jisane grantha miLate haiM ve saba saMskRta bhASA ke bedAdi granthoM se bahuta pIche ke haiM yadyapi nAma se yaha mAlUma hotA hai ki prAkRta bhASA bahuta purAno hai aura usI prAkRta bhASA ke kramazaH parimArjita honese saMskRta bhASA kI utpatti huI hai tathApi vaidika kAla se pUrvakA prAkRta bhASA meM likhe huye kisI anya kA bhI patA Ajataka nahIM calatA / prAcona jaina itihAsa ke dekhane se yahI mAlUma hotA hai ki jaina sampradAya ke zvetAmbara maura digambara sampradAyoM kI utpatti kA itihAsa bhI uparyukta saMskRta aura prAkRta bhASA ke dRSTAnta ke samAna ho hai /

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* 102 . * prabandhAvalI. jainaloga jinadeva arthAt tIrthaMkaroM ke bhakta haiM aura unalogoM kA yaha vizvAsa hai ki jinadeva dvArA praNodita zuddha dharma-mArga hI nirvANa prApti kA ekamAtra sAdhana hai| unake matAnusAra sRSTi aura kAlacaka anAdi haiN| kAlacakra anAdi kAla se cala rahA hai bhaura barAbara calatA rhegaa| unalogoMne kAlacakra ko do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai-avasarpiNI aura utspinno| kuNDalAkAra baiThe huye kisI sAMpa ke sira se kramazaH pUMcha pata aura punaH pUMcha se sirataka yadi koI cakra calatA rahe aura sira se pUMcha aura phira puMcha se sirakA yaha krama mArI rahe to jisa prakAra usa vakra kI samApti nahIM hogI ThIka usI gati ke samAna. kAlacakra bhI ghUmatA hai aisA samajhanA caahiye| sira se pUMcha kI tarapha jAnekI gati ko avasarpiNI aura usake viparIta gati ko utsapiNo nAma diyA gayA hai| isa avasarpiNI aura utsarpiNo kAla kI gati se itanA hI samajhAnA paryApta hogA ki jisa samaya kAlacakra avasarpiNI gati se bhramaNa karegA usa samaya acchI avasA se kramazaH burI avasthA kI tarapha aura jisa samaya utsarpiNI gatimeM rahatA hai usa samaya hIna avasthA se kramazaH accho avasthA ko tarapha agrasara hotA rhegaa| jaina matAnusAra yahI kAlacakra haiN| jisa prakAra hinduoMne kAla ko satya letA chApara aura kali ina cAra bhAgoMmeM vibhakta kiyA hai usI prakAra jaina logoMne bhI bhavasarpiNI mora utsarpiNI ko kramazaH chaH chaH bhAgoMmeM vibhakta kiyA hai| bheda itanA hI hai ki hindU matAnusAra kaliyuga ke bAda pralaya hokara pumaH satyayuga kA AvirbhAva hotA hai parantu jainamata se kaliyuga arthAt nikRSTa avasthA se eka vAra hI satyayuga nahIM ho jAtA balki kramazaH zreSatA prApta hotI hai| vaijJAnika dRSTi se bhI yahI adhika satya pratIta hotA hai| pratyeka avasarpiNI aura utsarpiNI kAla meM 25 tIrthakara AvirbhUta hote haiN| kintu yahAM para AprAsaGgika honeke * bhayase isa viSaya kI adhika AlocanA karanA ucita nahIM hai| isa viSaya kA adhika jAnakArI ke liye premI pAThaka jaina granthoM kA

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*prAdhAvalI. avalokana kara sakate haiN| yahAM itanA hI batalAnA paryApta hogA ki vartamAna kAla kI gati avasarpiNI hai, isa kAla meM prathama tIrthaMkara se lekara mahAvIra taka kula 24 tIrthakara ho cuke haiM inameM antima tIrthaMkara mahAbora svAmIne I0 san se 527 varSa pUrva nirvANa lAbha kiyA thA inake pUrvavatoM teIsaveM tIrthaMkara bhagavAna pArzvanAthane mahAborase ar3hAI sau varSa pUrva yAno 777 khaSTa pUrva meM nirvANa prApta kiyA thaa| Adhunika vidvAnagaNa tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha ko aitihAsika yugake mahApuruSa aura inake pUrvavatoM zeSa 22 tIkaroM ko Prehistoric Perial arthAt aitihAsika yugase pUrva kA mAnate haiN| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samaya meM jainadharma kisI sampradAya meM vibhakta nahIM thaa| unake bAda bhI kaI zatAbdo naka isake avibhakta rahane ke pramANa milate haiN| zvetAmbara sampradAyavAloM ke AvArAMga sUtrAdi 45 prAcIna dharma grantha haiM aura unheM ve loga jaina siddhAnta kahate haiM, parantu digamra sampradAyavAle ina prAcIna sUtrAdi ko amAnya karane haiM / digambage loga kahate haiM ki ukta prAcIna samasta jainAgama naSTa ho gaye hai| ataH ve loga zvetAmbara sampradAyavAloM ke mAnya AgamoM ko yathArtha nahIM mAnate the| ina bAtoMpara acchI taraha se vicAra karane para yaha batalAnekI AvazyakatA nahIM raha jAto ki prAcIna jaina tatva itihAsAdi ke sambandha meM digambara granthoM kA upAdAna zvetAmbara granthoM kI apekSA bahuna kama hai| jaina dazanavit mamamna vidvAnoMne bhI zvetAmbara pranyoMkI prAcInatA mukta kaMThase svIkAra ko hai| digambariyoMmeM aise prAcIna anya upalabdha nahIM hai| samrATa azokake samayameM jaina sAdhu nirgrantha nAmase pukAre jAte the aura unake prAcIna zilA lekha meM isI nAmakA ullekha bhI hai kintu ninanya zabdakA nagna sAdhu artha karanA ucita nhiiN| ninya zabdakA artha yahA pranthi rahita arthAta gagaha pAdi bandhana mukta sAdhu samajhanA hogaa| samrATa azokake bAda kaliGgAdhipati mahArAja bAlake nAma 14

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104 * * pravandhAvalI * se bahuta loga paricita hoMge / labdhapratiSTha aitihAsika mi0 ke0 pI0 jayasavAla mahodayane udayagiri aura khaNDagiristhi hastiguphA nAmaka guphAse prApta ukta jaina samrATa khArvelake prasiddha zilA lekhako vistRta AlocanA ko hai / isakA samaya I0 sanse 170 varSa pUrva nirdhArita huA hai| isa zilAlekha meM samrAT khArvela dvArA jaina sAdhuoM ko bhAMti bhAMtike paTTa vastra aura zvetavastra denekA spaSTa varNana hai / ataH yaha akATyarUpase pramANita hotA hai ki usa samaya jaina sAdhugaNa zveta aura rezamI vastra bhI dhAraNa karate the / prasiddha digambara grantha lekhaka devasenAcAryane apanI dazanasAra nAmaka pustaka meM likhA hai ki sitapaTa arthAt zvetAmbara saMghakI utpatti saM0 136 vikramIyameM huI hai parantu yaha sarvathA bhramAtmaka aura pakSapAtapUrNa hai / digambara matAnusAra yadi zvetAmbara sampradAyakI utpatti saM0 136 mAnA jAya to ukta zilA lipimeM kathita mahArAja khArvela dvArA jaina sAdhuoM ko zvetavastra dAna dene kA varNana sambhava nahIM, kyoMki yaha zilA lekha hI vikramAbda ke prArambha se 110 varSa pUrvakA khudA hai| zvetAsvara granthAnusAra mahAvIra tIrthaMkarake pUrva, bhagavAna RSabhadevake bAdase bhagavAna pArzvanAtha paryaMta 22 tIrthaMkaroMke samaya meM jaina sAdhugaNa vastra vyavahAra karate the / isake bAda yAnI caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara mahAvIra svAmI ke abhyudaya kAlameM sampUrNa vastra tyAgakI paddhati calI / isase yaha anumAna hotA hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIrake samaya tapasyA kI kaThoratA apanI carama sImA para pahuMca cukI thI / mahAvIra svAmI gRha tyAgI hokara sanyAsa grahaNa karaneke bAda kucha samayataka zarIrapara eka vastra dhAraNa karate the, parantu pIche unhoMne apane ekamAtra vastrakA bhI tyAga kara diyaa| unhoMne kisa kAraNa se sampUrNa vastroMkA parityAga kiyA thA, isakA nirUpaNa karanA bAstavameM bar3A kaThina hai / usa samayakI ghaTanAoM kA jo kucha saMgraha ho sakA hai, usase yaha pragaTa hotA hai ki mahAvIra svAmIke samaya meM dhArmika pratiyogitA parAkASThA para pahuMca cukI

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* prAdhAvalI. thI aura dharma sambandhI AdhyAtmika vicAra pUrNa unnati lAbha kara cuke the| pracalita dharmoMke virodhIgaNa bahuta bar3I saMkhyAmeM usa samaya deza-dezAntaroM meM bhramaNa kara rahe the aura sampUrNa rUpase saMsAra tyAgake guNAguNa ke nirNaya kI varvA joroM para thii| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne bhI sarva tyAgI hokara arthAt apane eka mAtra vastra kA bhI tyAga kara usa samaya ke Adarza tyAga kI ugratA ko dikhAyA thaa| sambhavataH samI vastroM ke tyAga kA niyama unhoMne apane samakakSa ucca zreNI ke jaina sAdhuoM ke liye hI nirdhArita kiyA thaa| unhoMne kisI yuga vizeSa athavA samasta jaina sAdhuoM aura sAdhviyoM ke liye isa prakAra se vastra tyAga kA samarthana nahIM kiyA thA, to bhI digambara matAvalambI sAdhugaNa na mAlUma kyoM isa samaya bhI ulaGga rahate haiN| isa prakAra vigambara logoM dvArA prAcIna jaina sUtrAdi kI avahelanA kara navIna jainazAstra aura itihAsa kI racanA karane ke phalasvarUpa mUla jaina siddhAnta, prakRta jaina dhArmika tatva tathA itihAsa meM jo kucha parivartana huA hai usakI vistRta vyAkhyAkara lekha ke kalevara ko bar3hAne kI AvazyakatA nhiiN| do eka dRSTAnta ho isake liye paryApta hoNge| digambara sampradAyavAle striyoM ke mukti ke adhikAra ko nahIM mAnate, kintu maulika jaina siddhAnta kI dRSTi se strI-puruSoM kI AtmA meM kucha vibhinnatA nahIM hai| AtmA anantabalI hai| vaha kevala kamavazAt strI yA puruSa rUpa meM janma grahaNa karatI haiN| arjita karmoM ke kSaya ho jAnese mukti prApta hotI hai isameM jAti athavA liGga bheda kucha bhI bAdhaka nhiiN| zvetAmbara sampradAyavAle isa anAdi aura prAcIna jaina siddhAnta ko mAnate haiN| isa siddhAnta ke anusAra strI aura puruSa donoM ko samAna rUpa se mukti kA adhikAra hai| zvetAmbara aura digambara sampradAyavAloM meM isI prakAra ke aura bhI aneka bheda dekhane ko mileNge| digambara sampradAyavAle caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara zrI mahAvIrakhAmI ko

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* 106 * * prabandhAvalI * avivAhita aura bAla brahmavArI mAnate haiM / parantu zvetAmbara matAnusAra mahAvIra svAmI kA vivAha huA thA aura unakI vivAhitA strI yazodA ke garbha se priyadarzanA nAma kI eka kanyA bhI utpanna huI thI / digambarAcArya jinasena dvArA racita harivaMza purANa meM mahAvorasvAmI ke vivAha kA ullekha hai / digambara matAvalambI jaina vidvAn prophesara hIrAlAla jaina piTarsana kI caturtha riporTa ke 168 veM pRSTha ke 6 se lekara 8 zlokoM meM harivaMza purANa se uddhRta ukta utsava kA varNana dekhakara isa aMzake ukta purANa kI kisI purAnI hastalikhita pratimeM hone ke bAre meM sandeha kiyA thA parantu baMgAla kI eziyATika sosAiTo ke pusta kAlaya tathA aura sthAnoM meM surakSita harivaMza purANa kI purAnI pratiyoM meM yaha aMza vartamAna hai / ataeva ina zlokoM kI prAcInatA ke sammandha meM sandeha kA koI kAraNa nahIM hai / jinasenAcArya ke samAna prAcIna prAmANika granthakArane jaba apanI pustaka meM mahAvIrasvAmI ke vivAho - tsava kA varNana kiyA hai, taba yaha samajha meM nahIM AtA ki kisa kAraNa se digambara loga unheM avivAhita mAnate haiM / aba mUrti aura mUrtipUjA dvArA bhI ina donoM sampradAyoM kI prAcInatA kI AlocanA karanI ucita samajhatA hUM / mUrtipUjA bahuta prAcIna kAla se calI A rahI hai, isa siddhAntameM matabheda nahIM hai / isase yaha pramANita hotA hai ki jaina loga prAcIna kAlase mUrtipUjA karate A rahe haiN| isakA kAphI pramANa milatA hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANalAbha ke bahuta samaya pIche taka unake matAvalambiyoM meM zvetAmbara aura digambara nAmakA koI sampradAyabheda nahIM thA / vAna mahAvIra ne sampUrNa vastroMkA parityAga kara tatsAmayika avasthAnusAra nizcaya hI tyAgakI carama sImAkA Adarza rakhA thA aura isake phalasvarUpa unake matAvalambiyoMne nagna mUrtikI pratiSThA kI isameM koI Azcarya nahIM hai / isI kAraNa mathurA ke nikaTa kaMkAlI TIlA nAmaka sthAna se jitanI janamUrtiyAM khodakara nikAlI gayI hai, unameM se bhaga *

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* prabandhAvalI * adhikAMza kAyotsarga mudrAkI khar3I mUrtiyAM digambara hai arthAt unameM puruSa cinha vartamAna haiM I ina prAcIna jaina mUrtiyoMpara jo kucha khudA hai, usase usa samaya ke pracalita gaNa, gotra, kula, zAkhA aura gaccha ityAdikA pUrNa vivaraNa milatA hai / kisI-kisI mUrti meM samasAmayika mahArAja kaniSka aura haviSka ityAdi rAjAoMke zAsanakAlakA bhI ullekha haiM, parantu vikramakI 11 vIM zatAbdI se pUrva usa samaya ke jaina logoM meM sampradAya vibhedakA kucha bhI ullokha Ajataka nahIM milA hai / vikramakI 11 vIM zatAbdI ke vAdakI jo kucha mUrtiyAM vahAM milI hai, unameM kahIM kahIM zvetAmbara zabdakA ullekha barttamAna hai; kintu usa samaya kI mUrtiyoM kI zilA lipimeM Ajataka "digambara" zabda kahIM nahIM milA / pAThakagaNa isase sahaja hI anumAna kara sakate haiM ki prAcIna kAla meM jainiyoM meM koI sampradAya bheda nahIM thA / ina zilA lipiyoM meM kula, gaNa zAkhA gaccha ityAdikA jo kucha ullekha AyA hai, prAyaH vaha saba zvetAmbarI logoM ke kalpasUtrAdi pranthoM meM varNita haiM, kintu digambara logoM ke kisI granthameM ina zAkhA kula prabhRtikA ullekha nahIM miltaa| ataeva zvetAmbara sampradAyakI apekSA digambara sampradAyako prAcIna kahanA bhramapUrNa hai / pAThakagaNa nimnAGkita eka aura dRSTAnta se yaha bhalI bhAMti samajha jAyeMge ki digambara sampradAyavAle apane sampradAyakI prAcInatA sAvita karane ke liye cAhe jitane bhI pramANa aura vyAkhyAeM kyoM na upasthita kareM, para ve itihAsa kI dRSTi se mUlyavAna nahIM ho sakate aura isa dRSTAnta dvArA zvetAmbara sampradAya kI prAcInatA spaSTa siddha hotI hai 1 zvetAmbara sampradAya ke matAnusAra caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra apanI kSatriyAnI mAtA trizalA ke garbha se janma grahaNa karane ke pUrva devAnandA nAmaka brAhmaNI ke garbha meM avatIrNa hue the 1 pazcAt indrAdeza se harInegamesI nAmaka devanAne devAnandAke garbha se bhagavAn mahAvIrako uThAkara mAtA trizalAke garma meM sthApita kiyA

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* prabandhAvalI * thaa| yaha ghaTanA zvetAmbarI logoM ke prasiddha kalpasUtra nAmaka grantha meM savistAra varNita hai| isI dRzya kI eka sundara bhAskara zilA mathurAke kAMkAlI TIle se prApta huI hai| pAThaka viMseTa smithakI 'jainastUpa enDa adara enTIkvITIja Apha mathurA' Vincent Smith's Jaina Stupa and other Antiquit es of Mathura nAmaka pustakake 25 veM pRSTha meM ise dekha sakate haiN| lipitattvavizAradoM ne isa bAtako pramANita kiyA hai ki ukta zilA lekha I0 san se eka zatAbdI pUrva se bhI kucha pahalekA hai| digambara sampradAya ke kisI grantha aura una logoM dvArA racita mahAvIra svAmI kI jIvanI meM isa prakAra ko kisI ghaTanA kA ullekha nahIM miltaa| ve loga isa garbhApahArakI AkhyAyikA para bhI vizvAsa nahIM krte| isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki digambara granthoM kI apekSA zvetAmbara prantha adhika prAvona haiM aura inake vicAra aura bhI purAne haiN| zvetAmbara sampradAya kI prAcInatA aura digambara sampradAya kI arvAcInatA ke sambandha meM aura bhI eka ullekhanIya viSaya pAThakoM ke samakSa rakha maiM isa nibandha ko samApta kruuNgaa| jaina tIrthaMkara na kevala svayaM siddha, buddha aura mukta hote haiM, baran ve tIrtha arthAt saMghoMkI sthApanA bhI karate haiN| prAcIna jaina siddhAntAnusAra ye tIrtha athavA jaina saMgha cAra prakAra ke hote haiN| bauddha dharma meM bhI bhagavAna buddha devane saMgha kI sthApanA kI thii| jaina saMgha ke sAdhu, sAdhvI, zrAvaka aura zrAvikA ye cAra bheda haiN| jaina granthoMmeM varNita cauviha saMgha arthAt cAroM prakAra ke saMghoM kI, prathama tIrthakara RSabhadeva se lekara caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara mahAvIrataka pratyeka tIrthaMkara ne apane apane abhyu. tthAna kAlameM iso prakArase sthApanA kI thii| jaina sAdhu arthAt puruSa saMsAratyAgI saMnyAsI, sAdhvI arthAta strI saMsAratyAginI saMnyAsinI, zrAvaka yAnI jaina dharmopAsaka puruSa gRhastha aura zrAvikA arthAt jaina dharmopAsikA strI gRhala ina cAra prakAra ke saMghoM ko

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* prabandhAvalI. * 106. khApanA sambandhI pahale tIrthaDara RSabhadevase lekara teIsaveM tIrthakara bhagavAna pArzvanAtha takakA ! tihAsa duSprApya hai| itihAsa se yaha mAlUma hotA hai ki digambarI logoM ko yaha dhAraNA sarvathA nirmUla hai ki mahAvIra svAmI ke samaya meM jaba saMghoMkI sthApanA huI thI, usa samaya mukti ke viSaya meM striyoMkA puruSoM ke samAna adhikAra nahIM thA aura striyoM ke liye saMnyAsa grahaNa varjita thaa| usa samaya uttara bhArata meM vaidikadharmako zakti parAkASThApara thii| brAhmaNa loga dharma aura dharmAnuSThAnake ekamAtra ThekedAra bana baiThe the aura dharma ke nAmapara asaMkhya pazuoM ke raka se pRthvI raMjita ko jAtI thii| buddhadeva isa amAnuSika hiMsA aura tatkAlIna kaThora tapasyAko nissAratA dikhAkara apane jJAnArjita navIna dharma kA pracAra kara rahe the| bhagavAna mahAvIra bhI luptaprAya jaina dharmameM punaH prANa pratiSThA kara AtmA ke kalyANArtha satya-dharma mArga kA upadeza kara rahe the| isa dhArmika dvandakAla meM yadi mahAvIra svAmI digambara matAnusAra strI jAtiko hIna samajha kara unheM apane svAbhAvika adhikAroM se vaMcita karate to jaina dharma kA astitva ho miTa jaataa| tIrthakara mahAvIra ke upadeza, udAra aura sarala the| unake matAnusAra jaina, ajaina, zvetAmbara, digambara, hindU, bauddha, ityAdi sabhI dharmAvalambI ko AtmA ko nirvANalAbha kA adhikAra hai| parantu digambara matAnusAra kevalamAtra digambara matAvalambo aura unameM bhI puruSa hI mukti ke adhikArI hai| prAcIna jaina dharmagranthoM meM kahIM bhI isa prakAra kA anudAra bhAva dRSTigocara nahIM hotaa| sabhI prAcIna jainadharmopadezoM meM usAdarza ke jAjvalyamAna pramANa bhare par3e haiM aura ina maulika pradhoM kI prAcAnatA bhI vaijJAnika DhaMga se siddha ho cukI hai kintu yaha dukha kA viSaya hai ki digambara sampradAya ne ina mUla pranthoM ko agrAhya kara diyA hai| sambhavataH digambara sampradAya ke dharmatatva aura nIti anudAra tathA adUradazI hone kehI kAraNa musalamAna rAjatva kAla meM kisI

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* prabandhAvalI * prakAra kI bhI unnati na ho skii| abula phajala ne apano AInI akagharI nAmaka pustaka meM likhA hai ki samrATa akabara ke samaya meM bahuta ceSTA karane para bhI jainiyoM ke isa nagna yAno digambara sampradAya kA koI patA nahIM calA parantu isa samaya aMgreja rAjatva kAla meM zAntimaya yuga meM ve apanI maryAdA vRddhi karane kI ceSTA kara rahe haiN| isa prasaMga meM aura bhI eka bAta kA ullekha kara denA ucita hogaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke pazcAt paMcama saMghanAyaka yazobhadrajI ne sambhUti vijaya aura bhadrabAhu nAmaka do ziSyoMko rakhakara svargArohaNa kiyaa| inake pazcAt AvArya sambhUtivijaya chaThe aura unake gurubhAI sAtaveM saMgha nAyakake padapara adhiSThina hue| digambara logoMkA kahanA hai ki unhIMke samaya samrATa candragupta ke rAjatvakAla meM 12 varSavyApI bhISaNa akAla par3A / usa samaya annAbhAvake kAraNa jaina sAdhuoM ke liye jIvana yApana karanA kaThina ho gayA, ataH bhadrabAhu svAmI yaha vikaTa sthiti dekha bahuta sAdhuoM ke sAtha pATalIputra (paTane) se dakSiNa dizA meM cale gye| digambarI loga kahate haiM ki isI samaya samrATa candragupta ne bhI bhadrabAhu svAmo ke sAtha dakSiNa dizA meM prasthAna kiyA aura jaina dIkSA grahaNa kara zravaNa belagole ke nikaTa pahAr3a kI kandarA meM tapasyAkara prANa tyAga kiyaa| Aja bhI yaha sthAna candragiro ke nAma se prakhyAta hai aura yahAM kI zilAlipi meM isa ghaTanA kA varNana bhI khudA hai, parantu kisI saMgha ke itihAsa athavA zvetAmbara dharma granthoM meM isa prakAra candragupta ke dakSiNa jAne aura sAdhu hone kA ullekha nahIM hai| aura bhI jAtaka prAcIna ajaina itihAsa dekhane ko milatA hai, usameM mauryasamrATa candragupta kI hI dakSiNayAtrA athavA dakSiNa dizA meM mRtyukA kahIM varNana nahIM milA hai| digambaro logoMdvArA kathita aura zilAlekha dvArA pramANita ghaTanA kI do prakAra se vyAkhyA kI jA sakatI hai| (1) yAto mahArAja candragupta kA yaha vRttAnta satya ghaTanAoM ke AdhAra para khodA gayA hogA athavA (2) candragupta

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* pracandhAvalI aura bhadrabAhu ye donoM vyakti maurya samrATa candragupta aura zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu na hokara isI nAma ke dUsare bhadrabAhu aura koI dUsarA candragupta nAmadhArI rAjA hoNge| isa dUsarI vyAkhyA ko hI Ajakala ke itihAsavettA ThIka mAnate haiN| ___ upayukta durbhikSakAla meM aneka jaina sAdhu dakSiNadizAmeM cale gaye aura vahAM apane ahiMsA ke siddhAnta kA pracAra kiyA yaha sarvamAnya hai| itihAsameM isake paryApta pramANa haiM ki jainadharmapracArameM yahAM unheM kAphI saphalatA bhI milI thii| usa samaya dharmopadezoMko pustakA. kArameM likhanekI AvazyakatA pdd'ii| uttara bhAratake sabhI jaina sAdhugaNoMmeM prasiddha mathurA nagarI aura saurASTra prAntala ballabhI nAmaka nagarI meM ekatrita hokara prAcIna sUtrAdi aura bhagavAna mahAvIra ke upadezoM kA saMgraha kara lipibaddha kiyA thaa| kintu dakSiNa prAntIya sAdhuoM ne uttara prAnta ke sAdhuoM kI taraha na to kahIM ekatrita hokara prAntIya maulika tatva aura itihAsAdi kA saMgraha hI kiyA aura na uttara bhArata ke sAdhuoM dvArA saMgRhota sUtrAdi ko ho pramA. Nita mAnA, balki una logoMne svecchA pUrvaka alaga hI dharmagrantha aura itihAsAdi kI racanA kara ddaalii| usa samaya ke likhe hue dharmagranyAdi hI vartamAna digambara sampradAyavAle jainiyoM ke prAcIna dharmagrantha haiN| itihAsa aura pramANoM se yaha siddha hotA hai ki isI prakAra kramazaH jaina sampradAya meM do vibhAga hue aura IsvI kI pahilo zatAbdo meM zvetAmbara aura digambara ina do vibhinna sampradAyoM kA nAmakaraNa huaa| uparyukta sabhI bAtoMko bhalIbhAMti manana karane aura Upara batalAye pramANoM tathA donoM saMpradAyoM ke mAnyagranthoM aura itihAsAdi ke adhyayana ke pazcAt nirapekSa bhAva se samAlocanA karane se zvetAmbara sampradAya kI saba prakAra se prAcInatA siddha hotI hai| zvetAmbarI 15

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*112 * * prabandhAvalI* loga hI mUla jaina sampradAya ke haiM aura digambara sampradAya kI pRthaka navIna sRSTi honepara ye zvetAmbara nAmase prasiddha hue| seyaMvaro ya AsaM varo ya buddho a ahava anno vA, samabhAva bhAvi appA lahei mokhkhaM na sndeho| ___-zvetAmbarAcArya ranazekhara 'osavAla navayuvaka' (saM0 1986 varSa 2, aGka 10, pR0 345-352)

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pAvApurI kA jala mandira Apa zrI pAvApurI kA nAma avazya sune hoNge| yahAM kA jalamandira bahuta ramaNIya hai / yahAM kA na kevala dRzya hI manohara hai varana isI sthAnameM jainiyoM ke antima tIrthaMkara zrImahAvIra svAmI kA nirvANa hone ke kAraNa isakA mahatva aura bhI bar3ha gayA hai| Aja se 2457 varSa pahale pAvApurI grAma meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kA mokSa huA thA aura grAma ke bahirbhAga meM jahA~ unake bhautika deha kA agni saMskAra huA thA vahAM maMdira 'jalamaMdira' ke nAma se prasiddha hai / zvetAmbarI zAstrakA kathana hai ki jahAM mahAvIra tIrthakara kA agnisaMskAra huA thA usa sthAna ko pavitra samajha kara devatA manuSyAdi usa samaya jitane upasthita huye the vahAMko miTTo aura bhasma uThA le gaye the aura isIse vahAM gaDhA ho gayA thA / pazcAt anya jo loga vahAM gaye ve saba bhI vahAM kA thor3A 2 miTTI le gaye aura vaha gar3hA kramazaH tAlAva sA ho gayA / kArttika kRSNa amAvasyA kI rAtriko bhagavAna kA nirvANa honeke kAraNa isa divAlI para yahAM bhArata ke nAnA sthAna se zva tAmbarI aura digambarI donoM sampradAya ke jainI loga Aja bhI saikar3oM hajAroM kI saMkhyA meM Ate haiM / usa samaya yahAM kI zobhA dekhane hI yogya hotI hai / yaha sthAna paTanA jilA ke bihArazarIpha zahara se dakSiNa aura lagabhaga sAta mIlapara sthita hai / vahAM kA tAlAva bhI jisake bIca meM vaha jalamaMdira hai bar3A vistRta hai| maMdira meM pahuMcane ke liye sundara patthara kA prAyaH do sau gaja lambA eka pula bhI banA huA hai| maMdira meM makarAne kI tIna vediyoM meM mahAvIra bhagavAna aura unake prathama ziSya gaNadhara gautama tathA pAMcaveM ziSya

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* 114 * * prabandhAvalI * sudharmasvAmike caraNa zvetAmbarI sampradAya kI orase pratiSThita haiM / digambarI loga bhI sevA pUjA karate haiN| bar3e hI duHkhake sAtha likhanA par3atA hai ki aise torthasthAna meM bhI azAMti cala rahA hai / zatAbdiyoM se isa tIrtha kA kula prabandhAdi zva etAmbara sampradAya kI orase hI hotA calA A rahA hai; parantu kheda hai ki matabheda aura kalaha bar3hAne ke abhiprAya se hI digambarI logoMne kucha dinoMse aura aura tIrthoM kI taraha yahAM para bhI mukadamA kiyA hai jisakA phaisalA paTanA sabajaja koTa se hAla hI meM ho cukA hai / samaya, zakti aura arthavyaya ke atirikta isa se koI lAbha nahIM hotA / dhArmika aura sAmAjika viSayoM kA aMta mukaddamAbAjI se kadApi nahIM ho sakatA hai| hajAroM rupaye svAhA karake aMta meM sthira hokara baiThanA hI par3atA hai / yadi ye dravya svArthAndha hokara mukaddame vagairaha meM na kharca kiyA jAya aura aise aise apavyaya kA dUsarA 2 sadupayoga ho to dezavAsiyoM ko isase kitanA lAbha ho ? abhI deza meM kitanI acchI saMsthAyeM tathA kitane Avazyaka sarva sAdhAraNa upakArArtha kArya hai jo artha ke abhAva meM zithila par3e haiM, lekina isa ora koI bhI dhyAna nahIM dete / 'zrIpAtrApurI grAma meM jo maMdira hai vaha bhI bahuta bhavya banA huA hai / digambara sampradAya vAle usa sthAna ko avazya pavitra nahIM mAnate parantu zva etAmbarI loga bhagavAna mahAvIra kA vahIM nirvANa sthAna kahate haiM aura usI maMdira meM bhagavAna kI mUrtti aura caraNoM kI sevA pUjA karate haiN| yahAM mahAvIra svAmI ke gautama Adi 18 pradhAna ziSyoM ke caraNa bhI pratiSThita haiM / prazasti se jJAta hotA hai ki zAhajahAM bAdazAha ke samaya meM bihAra nivAsI mathiyAna zvetAmbara zrIsaMgha kI orase vartamAna maMdira kI pratiSThA saM0 1668 meM huI thii| yahAM para yAtriyoM ke Thaharane kA acchA intajAma hai aura bihAra nivAsI bAbU dhannUlAlajI sunaMtI, jamIMdAra zvetAmbara zrIsaMgha kI orase dekha rekha karate haiM / 'svAdhInabhArata' ( divAlI kA sAdhAraNa aMka, maMgalavAra 21 aktUvara 1630; bhAga 2 aMka 81 )

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jaina dharma para vidvAnoM ke cama Aja pAThakoM ke sanmukha jina mahatvapUrNa uddezyoM ko lekara yaha saMghajAna patrikA upasthita huI hai unameM se eka uddezya jainadharma ke viSaya meM phaile hue bhramamUlaka vicAroM ko dUra karanA bhI hai, yaha ceSTA sarvathA prazaMsanIya hai| isa pavitra dharma aura isake tattvoMke sambandhameM jo bhramAtmaka vicAra ajenoM meM phaile hue haiM unakA samAdhAna karanA hamArA pradhAna kartavya hai| pAzcAtya vidvAnoM dvArA bhArata ke vibhinna dharma aura samAja para jitane gaveSaNApUrNa nibandha aura pustakeM prakAzita hAto gaI una sabhoM ke ullekha ko yahAM AvazyakatA nahIM hai parantu una meM bhramapUrNa viSayoM ke samAveza ke kAraNa phalasvarUpa adyAvadhi jo kucha bhrama dekhane meM Ate haiM, una para hI 2-1 zabda likhane kA sAhasa kiyA hai| yadi mere prayAsa se tanika bhI uddezya kI saphalatA huI no maiM apane ko kRtakRtya smjhuugaa| dekhiye! hAla meM ho bhAratIya relave pablisiTI vyuro se bhArata aura brahmadeza' ( India anl Burma ) bhramaNa ke liye eka haiNDabuka prakAzita huI hai jisa ke AThaveM pariccheda pR0 83 meM vibhinna dharmoM kI varNanA karate hue jainadharma para isa prakAra likhate haiM ki jainadharma ke janma. dAtA mahAvIra jina ke dharmopadeza bauddhadharma se milate julate the, buddhadeva ke samakAlIna the| dekhiye ! varSoM hone cale ki kaI bar3e2 vidvAnoM ne pUrNarUpa se aitihAsika pramANa upalabdha kara ke jainadharma ko * ati prAcIna batalAte hue bauddhadharma ke zatAbdiyoM pahale se hI isa kA bhastitva khokAra kiyA hai| bhataH bhAja punaH yaha bhrama hamAda

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* prabandhAvalI * kA viSaya hai| prastuta pustikA kA yaha nibandha I0 rojenthala epha0 Ara0 o0 esa0 ( E.Rosenthal F. R. G. S. ) mahodaya kA likhA huA hai| isa deza meM pahuMcate ho yadi videziyoM ko isa dharma kI prAcInatA kA bhAva isa prakAra viparIta ho jAya to vaha zIghra dUra honA kaThina hogaa| Apa likhate haiM ki ye donoM yAne buddhadeva aura mahAvIra hindUdharma ke saMskAraka the, dhvaMsakAraka na the| para'tu yaha yukti bhI asatya hai| jainadharma ke vicAra svataMtra haiM, vaidikadharma kA rUpAMtara nahIM hai balki syAdvAdarUpI pakkI nIMva para avasthita hai| buddhadeva ke vivAra bhI vaidikadharma ke saMskRta rUpa meM nahIM haiN| Apa ne bhI svataMtra kSaNabhaMgura mata para apanA dharma vicAra phailAyA thaa| jainatattva para lekhaka mahodaya ko dhAraNA yaha hai ki jaina loga tiryaMca aura vanaspati meM jIva ( AtmA ) mAnate haiN| yaha vicAra asampUrNa hai| jainadharma ke tattvoM se yadi ve paricita hote to isa ke jIva vicAra bhI isa prakAra apUrNa nahIM likhte| jaina loga tiryaMca aura vanaspati ke atirikta jala, agni, vAyu pRthvI meM bhI ekendrIya jIva honA mAnate haiN| lekhaka Age cala kara yaha vicAra pragaTa karate haiM ki jaina loga havA ke pratikUla nahIM calate zAyada aisA karane se uma ke mukhavivara meM kITa praveza na kara jAya aura isI kAraNa ve loga pAnIya jala ko bhI tIna pAra chAna kara vyavahAra meM lAte haiN| pAThaka soceM ki jainiyoM ke nitya naimettika AcAroM para ajaina loga kisa prakAra kaTAkSa karate haiM isa kA mUla kAraNa jaina dharma ke viSaya meM una logoM kI ajJAnatA hai| isI prakAra hAla meM hI 'iNDiyana sTeTa relave megajina' ( Indian State Railway Magazine ) julAI 1930 varSa 3 saMkhyA 10 pR0 788 meM bhI maisUra aMtargata zrAvana velAgolA ke jaina mUrtiyoM kA eka pleTa prakAzita huA hai vaha digambara jaina mUrtiyoM kA hai paraMtu , uMheM ziva kI mUrti batalAyA hai|

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* prabandhAvalI* * 197* dekhiye! misa kaitharina vala nAma kI eka prasiddha amerikana viduSI jo saMsAra bhramaNa ke liye nikalI hai, thor3e hI dina hue kala. phatte AI haiN| Apa kyAliphorNiyA ke aMtargata syAnaphrAMsisko ke vidyAlaya meM zilpakalA kA adhyayana karatI haiN| san 1926 meM Apane saikar3oM citroM se suzobhita 'DekoreTiva moTivsa Afa orieNTala ArTa' ( Decorative motives of Oriental Art ) nAmaka eka pustaka likhI hai| usa ke pRSTha 223 meM 'mayUra' para Apa kA jo vivaraNa hai usa kA kucha aMza hamAre pAThakoM ke kautuhalArtha nIce uddhRta kiyA jAtA hai "Another deity shown using the peacock for a mount, is of the five manifestations of Kokuzo, the Hindu Akasa Garbha, a God of wisdom, while again among the Jains of Tibet of the five celebrated Buddhas, the meditative Dhyani of the west also uses a peacock for the same purpose." uparokta aMza dene kA tAtparya itanA hI hai ki nibbata meM bhI jaina. dharmAvalambI haiM aisI amerikA nivAsiyoM kI bhramAtmaka dhAraNA aba taka hai, parantu tibbata meM eka bhI jainI nahIM hai| isI prakAra sAre sabhya saMsAra meM apane jainiyoM aura jainadharma ke viSaya meM nAnA prakAra ke bhramamUlaka siddhAnta dekhane meM Ate haiN| aise phaile hue viruddha bhramoM ko dUra karanA atyAvazyaka hai| 'AtmAnanda' (janavarI-pharavarI 1631, varSa 2 aGka 1, pR0 31.33)

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jaina jAti kA Adhunika baMdhAraNa dAni kAraka hai yA lAja dAyaka ? kucha samaya huA ki "zvetAmbara jaina " ( bhA0 4 saMkhyA 36 ) meM muni mahArAja zrI vidyAvijayajI kA "jaina jAti" zIrSaka lekha prakAzita huA thaa| Apane isameM jaina jAtiyoM ke sAmAjika saMkucita bhAvoM ko vizada rUpa se dikhalAyA hai| Apake vicAra meM isI kAraNa jAti saMkhyA ghaTa rahI hai| Apa prazna karate haiM "jaina jAti kA Adhunika baMdhAraNa jaina dharma aura jaina samAja ko hAnikAraka hai yA lAbhakAraka ?" aura pratyeka jainiyoM ko khAsa kara jaina netAoM ko isa prazna para vicAra karane ke liye kahate haiN| pazcAt Apane vidvattA ke sAtha varttamAna jAti baMdhAraNa se samAja aura dharmapara jisa prakAra aniSTa ho rahA hai ve bar3I sundaratA se dikhAlaye haiM / parantu maiM samajhatA hUM ki samAja kI yaha hAniyAM jAti baMdhAraNa ke liye nahIM Arambha huI haiN| dhArmika baMdhAraNa, dhArmika upadezakoM aura AcAryoM ke matabheda hI inakA mUla kAraNa haiN| yadi jaina dharma kevala AcAryoM para nirbhara na rahatA to jAti baMdhAraNa kI kadApi aisI sRSTi nahIM ho sktii| yadi vIra paramAtmA kI vANI sunane ke liye kevala una logoM ke mukha kamala kI tarapha tAkanA na par3atA, to saMbhava hai ki " jaina jAti" ke varttamAna baMdhAraNa meM jisa kAraNa vizeSa hAni upasthita hai use dekhane kA avasara na milatA / yadi dhArmika viSayoM meM matabheda na rahe, yadi dharma kA samAja para pUrNa zAsana rahe to samAja meM athavA jAti meM manamAne baMdhAraNa hone kI saMbhAvanA nahIM rahatI / ata: cAhe

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prabandhAbalI 116 * zvetAmbara cAhe digambara, cAhe sthAnakavAsI cAhe terahapanthI koI bhI ho jainI nAma dhAraka samasta jainAcAryoM ko aura jaina dharmopadezakoM ko namra nivedana hai ki dhArmika matabheda rUpa agnikuNDa jisameM jaina samAja kI taraha aura aura samAja bhI bhasma ho rahe haiM, isa viSaya para gaMbhIra vicAra kareM aura zIghra hI samayAnukUla upAya nikAla kara samasta Dona jAti aura samAja kI rakSA kreN| "zvetAmbara jaina" 6 agasta 1631 ( bhAga 6 saMkhyA 35, pR0 7 ) 16

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jagavAna pArzvanAtha Aja se prAyaH 2800 varSa pUrva itihAsa prasiddha pavitra banArasa nagarI meM ikSvAku vaMzIya azvasena rAjA kI mahiSI rAnI vAmAdevI ke garbha se pauSamAsa kRSNapakSa kI dasamI tithi ko AdhIrAta ke samaya jainiyoM ke teisaveM tIrthaMkara bhagavAna pArzvanAtha janma grahaNa kiyA thaa| yuvAvasthA prApta hone para kuzasthalAdhipati rAjA prasenajita kI kanyA prabhAvatI ke sAtha unakA vivAha huaa| bhagavAn pArzvanAtha tIsa varSa kI avasthA taka gRhasthAzrama meM rahane ke bAda sarva parigraha parityAga karake dIkSA grahaNa karake ghora tapasyA meM laga gye| unhoMne kevala 83 dina taka tapasyA kii| isa tapasyA kAla meM daivika, bhautika aura mAnuSika Adi nAnA prakAra ke upasargoM ke upasthita honepara bhI dhe dhyAnase vicalita nahIM huye| 83 veM dina ke antameM unako lokAloka prakAzaka kevala jJAna prApta huA, isI jIvanamukta kaivalyAvasthA meM 10 varSa taka tIrthaMkara rUpase dharma pracAra karate huye 717 khaSTa pUrva 100 varSa kI avasthA meM zrAvaNa zuklA aSTamI tithi ko unhoMne parama nirvANa lAbha kiyaa| yahI bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kI saMkSipta jIvano hai| 16 vIM zatAbdI taka itihAsa vettA gaNa bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ko paurANika athavA kAlpanika vyakti samajhate the| parantu vartamAna kAlameM prAcIna jaina aura bauddha granthoM ke anveSaNa ke phalasvarUpa isa dhAraNA meM parivartana huA haiM aura pArzvanAtha aitihAsika yuga ke vyakti mAne jAne lage haiN| isa samaya pro0 jaikobI, vInseNTa smitha, DA. goMerInoM, DA. glasenapa ityAdi pAzcAtya vikAnoMke satase antima

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-prabandhAvalI. * 121 . tIrthakara bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pUrva bhagavAn pArzvanAtha dvArA praNodita caturyAma dharma pracalina thaa| ___yahI caturyAma dharma jaina dharmakA mUla tatva hai aura bhagavAn mahAvIra ke mAtA pitA bhI isI ahiMsAdi caturyAma dharmake anuyAyI the| pazcAt bhagavAn mahAvIra ne paJcayAma dharma kA pracAra kiyaa| yadyapi prAyaH 3000 varSa bIta gaye to bhI bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke vyaktitva kI smRti Aja bhI pratyeka jaina ke hRdaya paTa meM sAhitya, itihAsa aura bhAmkara meM akSuNNa rUpa se vartamAna hai| zvetAmbara manAvalambiyoM ke prasiddha kalpasUtra ke prathama aMza ke prArambha meM jo tIrthakoM kI jIvanI dI gaI hai, usameM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kI kevala saMkSipta jIvanImAtra hai| parantu prAkRta aura saMskRta bhASAoM meM likhI huI unako aneka vistRta jIvanI milatI haiN| unameM se nIce likhI huI kaI eka jIvaniyAM vizeSa ullekhanIya hai : (1) vi0 saM0 1136 padmasundara gaNi kRta pAzvanAthacaritra (2) , , 1165 devabhadra sUri ,, , (saM0 prA.) (3) ,. ., 1220 hemacandrAcArya , ( triviSTha zalAkA puruSa caritra navama parSa) (4) ,, ,, 1277 mANikacandra kRta pArzvanAtha caritra (saMsmata) (5) , . 1412 bhAvadeva sUri ., , , [ DA. blUma philDa isakA bhanuvAda aMgrejI meM kiye hai| (6) , , 1632 hema vijayagaNi kRta pArzvanAtha caritra (saM.) (.) , , 1654 udayavIra gaNi kRta pArzvanAtha caritra (saM.) (8) .. , vijayacandra kRta pArzvanAtha baritra (saMskRta) (1) , , sarvAnanda , , , , digambara sampradAya meM bhI pArzvanAtha svAmo ke kaI jIvana pariSa milate hai| unameM se vAdirAja kRta pArzvanAtha caritra mANikyanA

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* 122 * prabandhAvalI - digambara jaina granthamAlA samiti se prakAzita huA hai aura pAzvanAtha nAmaka grantha kA bhUdhara-kavi dvArA racita bhASAnuvAda bhI sUrata se prakAzita huA hai| anyAnya dharmAvalambiyoM kI taraha jainiyoM ne bhI apane ArAdhya tIrthaMkaroM ko nAnA prakAra stuti stavanAdi kI racanA kI hai| yaha prathA prAcInakAla se lekara aba taka calI A rahI hai parantu anyAnya tIrthaMkaroM kI apekSA bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kI stuti, stotra, kavitA, bhajanAdi adhika parimANa meM milate haiN| cAhe purAne kAla ke prAkRta yA saMskRta ke stotrAdi hoM athavA dezI bhASAoM ke likhe huye bhAMti bhAMti ke bhakti rasa pUrNa padya, sabhI meM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke nAma kI pradhAnatA hai| isaliye bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ko jaina dharma kA merudaNDa kahA jAya to kucha atyukti nahIM hogii| kalpasUtra meM unako purUSapradhAna vizeSaNa se vibhUSita kiyA gayA hai| janasAdhAraNa meM bhI bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kA jitanA nAma prasiddha hai utanA kisI anya tIrthaMkara kA nhiiN| hajArIbAga jile meM jainiyoM kA prasiddha sammeta zikhara nAmaka jo tIrtha hai usa parvata para 24 tIrthaMkaroM meM se 20 tIrthakaroM ne nirvANa lAbha kiyA thaa| isa ghaTanA kA ullekha zvetAmbara aura digambara jaina granthoM meM hai| anya tIrthaMkaroM ke nAma se yaha pahAr3a prakhyAta na hokara bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke hI nAma se Ajakala 'pArasa nAtha pahAr3a' pukArA jAtA hai| ajainalogoM kI dhAraNA hai ki bhagavAn pArzvanAtha hI jainiyoM ke ekamAtra ArAdhya deva haiM aura yaha vizvAsa aisA dRr3ha ho gayA hai ki ve kisI jaina mandira ko 'pArasanAtha kA hI mandira kahate haiN| udAharaNArtha kalakatte ke mAnikatalA meM halasI bagAna sthita svargIya rAya badrIdAsa bahAdura vagairaha dvArA banavAye hue jaina mandira pArasanAtha ke mandira ke nAma se ho prasiddha hai| parantu unameM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kA eka bhI mandira nahIM hai| ina mandiroM meM pahilA maMdira 8 va tIrthaMkara zrIcandraprabha, dUsarA

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*prabandhAvalI* * 123 * 10vaM tIrthaMkara zrI zotala nAtha aura tosarA 24 veM tIrthaMkara zrI mahAvIra svAmI kA hai| aise hI isa nagarI ke bar3A bAjAra sthita kATana sTrITa ke jaina mandira se kArtika zukA pUrNimA ko jo prativarSa ratha yAtrA nikalatI hai vaha mahotsava pArasanAtha ke hI nAma se prasiddha hai| parantu isa rathotsava meM 15 veM tIrthaMkara bhagavAn dharmanAtha kI pratimA pUjI jAtI hai| bhAratavarSa ke uttara, pazvima aura gujarAta prAnta ke prasiddha nagara aura jaina tIrthoM meM jahAM jahAM hameM jAne kA maubhAgya prApta huA hai vahAM prAyaH sarvatra hI hameM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke mandira dekhane meM Adhe haiN| jisa prakAra hinduoM kA zibaliGga yA zivamUni bhinna bhinna sthAnoM meM vibhinna vizeSaNoM se sambodhita hoto hai usI prakAra zrI pArzvanAtha kI mUrti bhI aneka sthAnoM meM bhinna bhinna nAmoM se pukArA jAtI hai aura pUjI jAtI hai| isa taraha bhinna bhinna nAmoM kI pArzvanAtha kI mUrti kI saMkhyA bhI sekar3oM hai| unameM se kucha prasiddha mUrtiyoMko nAmAvali pAThakoM ke sAmane upasthita kara hama nibandha samApta kreNge| jainiyoM ke upAsya nIrthaMkaroM meM kyoM kevala pArzvanAtha hI saikar3oM nAmoM se alaMkRta hokara pUje jAte haiM isa kA rahasya Aja taka prakAzita nahIM huaa| bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke ziSya paraMparA meM ratnaprabha sari ne rAjapUtAnA sthita oziyA nAmaka nagara meM aneka rAjapUtoM ko jaina dharma meM dIkSita kiyA thA ve hI Age cala kara osavAla nAma se prasiddha hue isI osavAla vaMzameM itihAsa prasiddha jagat seTha hue the aura osavAla loga Aja bhI vANijya vyavasAya meM lona hokara bhArata meM sarvatra phaile hue haiN| jeniyoM meM AsavAla aura zrImAla dusare nIrthakaroM kI apekSA bhagavAn pArzvanAtha meM adhika zraddhA bhaki rakhate haiN| hamAre vicAra se zvetAmbara sampradAya ke jaina loga bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kI pUjArcanA jisa prakAra karate haiM vaisI digambara sampradAya meM

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* 124* * prabandhAvalI nahIM pAI jAtI / yadyapi digambarI jaina vartamAna kAla meM zva etAmbara sampradAya pratiSThita pArzvanAtha ke mandiroM meM pUjA karate haiM to bhI unake pArzvanAtha kI mUrti kA zva etAsvariyoM kI taraha bhinna 2 nAmoM se pUjArcanA karane kA prAcIna itihAsa nahIM milatA / bhagavAna buddhadeva kI jIvanI ke sambandha meM vibhinna bhASAoM meM anekoM choTo bar3I pustakeM prakAzita huI haiM parantu yaha bar3e duHkha kA viSaya hai ki Aja taka pIche ullikhita pustakoM ko chor3a kara kisI jaina yA ajaina lekhakoM dvArA racita gaveSaNApUrNa bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kA koI bhI jIvana caritra nahIM dRSTi gocara hotA / AzA haiM ki purAtattvavid vidvAn gaNa isa mahApuruSa ke jIvana sambandhI sabhI upalabdha tathyoM kA saMgraha kara eka mahattva pUrNa graMtha kI racanA dvArA isa bar3e abhAva kI yathA zakti pUrti karegeM / ( zvetAmbara sampradAya dvArA pratiSThita pArzvanAtha kI AkArAdi kramAnusAra bhinna 2 nAmoM kI sUcI pAThaka 'pArzvanAtha aura zaMkaranAtha' meM dekheM / ) "prabhAta " - sacitra utsavAGka varSa 2, saMkhyA 3-4, ( apraila-julAI 1630 pR0 55-61 )

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jaina dharma meM zakti-pUjA zakti kI upAsanA kA yadi vAhya rupa liyA jAya to vaha jaina-dharma meM nahIM hai| hindu athavA bauddha-tantroM meM zakti kA jo svarupa milatA hai vaha jaina-dharma ke siddhAntoM meM nahIM pAyA jaataa| AtmA kI jo sahaja svAbhAvika zakti hai aura jo ananta kahI gayI hai, usakI abhivyakti ke atirikta koI dUsarI svatantra zakti nahIM hai| isake tIna svarUpa haiM-samyaga darzana, samyag jJAna aura samyak caaritr| aura ina tInoM kI abhivyakti ke prakAra bhI asaMkhya haiN| yaho jaba alo. kika rUpa dhAraNa kara letI haiM taba unheM zAstrIya bhASA meM 'labdhi' athavA camatkAra kahate haiN| hindU dharma ke anusAra 'zakti' Izvaratva kA sarvocca svarupa hai-ise hI prakRti kA vyakta-sAkAra svarupa samajhiye athavA Izvara kI sarva vyApaka zakti smjhiye| zakti-upAsanA ke vidhi-vidhAnoM kA nirmANa to bahuta pahale hI ho cukA thA aura atharvaveda ke samaya se hI hama zAkta-dharma athavA Agama-sampradAya kA AvirbhAva pAte haiN| dhIre-dhIre hindU-dharma se yaha mata bauddha-dharma meM praveza kara gayA aura Age calakara kucha aMzoM meM jaina dharma ke matAvalambiyoM para bhI isane kucha prabhAva ddaalaa| tantra-zAla ke siddhAntoM tathA sAdhana kA itanA adhika pracAra huA ki prAyaH sabhI dharma aura sampradAyoM para isakA prabhAva par3e vinA na rhaa| parantu jaina dharmameM 'Agama-sampradAya' jaisI koI vastu nahIM hai| hindU-dharma tathA bauddha-dharma meM puruSa aura strI zakti kA 'mahAzakti'

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* 126 * * prabandhAvalI* rupa meM jo vicitra varNana milatA hai, vaha jaina-dharma meM nahIM hai| jainazAstra pRthvI ke Upara aura nIce ke devI-devatAoMke nivAsa tathA zreNiyoM kA varNana karate haiN| unakI pUjA-arcA aura varadAna se sabhI prakAra ke sAMsArika uddezyoM aura kAmanAoMkI pUrti ho sakatI hai-- aisA mAnA gayA hai| jaina-dharma ke zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM sampradAyoM meM zakti-upAsanA kA yahI rupa hai| yakSa aura yakSiNI, yoginI, zAsana devI tathA anya deviyoM kI upAsanA-arcA ke aneka rupa jaina-dharma meM pracalita haiM aura ina zaktiyoM kA AvAhana sAmAnyatayA mandiroM ko pratiSThA aura mUrtiyoM ko sthApanA athavA kisI tapa-anuSThAna ke prArambha aura samApti meM kiyA jAtA hai| zakti-upAsanA kA vidhAna tantroM meM milatA hai aura hindU-dharma tathA bauddha-dharma meM tantra sAhitya kA bharapUra bhaNDAra milatA hai| parantu jaina-dharma meM eka bhI tantra nahIM miltaa| 'zakti' kA darzana yantroM meM aura zravaNa mantroM meM hotA hai aura bhinna bhinna saMketoM aura rupoM meM isakI abhivyakti huI hai| jaina dharma meM bhI aisa yantroM aura mantroM ko kamI nahIM hai, parantu zakti-upAsanA ko kisI prakAra protsAhana athavA samarthana nahIM miltaa| varaM jaina dharma meM 'zakti-pUjA' kA pracAra uTha rahA hai| 'kalyANa' 'zaktiaGka' varSa 6 saMkhyA 1 ( agasta 1934 ) pR0 565,

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pArzvanAtha aura zaMkaranAtha eka bAra mujhe lakhanaU ke svargIya lAlA cunnIlAlajI sAhaba kI havA se eka prAcIna koSTaka ( cArTa ) dekhane ko milA thA / yaha koSTaka bahuta bar3A kaI phITa lambA thA aura usameM jaina dharma ke caubIsoM tIrthaMkaroM ke 172 vola kramAnusAra likhe huye the / koSTaka meM khAne banAkara pratyeka tIrthaMkara ke AvirbhAva se lekara unake mokSa prApti ke samaya taka kI gaNanA aura bAteM dikhAI gaI thiiN| ina khAnoM meM se eka khAne meM pratyeka tIrthaMkara ke samaya ke pracalita dharma dikhAye gaye the / jaina dharma kA dUsarA zaiva dharma kA aura tIsarA sAMkhya kA nAma thA / isase prakaTa hotA hai ki jainiyoM ke matAnusAra bhI zaiva dharma atyanta prAcIna hai| ziva yA mahAdeva kI pUjA isa dezameM kaba se ho rahI hai, isakA patA itihAsa bhI nahIM batA sktaa| 'kalyANa' ke 'zivAGka' maiM prakAzita 'bRhattara bhArata meM ziva' nAmaka pravandha se prakaTa hotA hai ki mahenajodar3o kI khudAI bAda se itihAsajJa yaha mAnane lage haiM ki bhArata meM AryoM ke Agamana ke pahale se hI ziva pUjA pracalita thI / dakSiNa bhArata meM IsA se do zatAbdI pUrva kI pratiSThita ziva mUrtti Aja bhI vidyamAna hai| kuzANa aura gupta kAla kI aneka ziva mUrtiyoM kA patA calatA hai| kuzANa yuga ke sikkoM para bhI ziva citra milatA hai I ziba- pUjA bhArata ke uttara se dakSiNa aura pUraba se pazcima pratyeka prAnta meM pAI jAtI haiN| itanA hI nahIM, varan bhArata ke bAhara sumAtrA jAbhA, vAlI, kamboDiyA, malAyA Adi sthAnoM meM bhI, jahAM jahAM 17

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128 * * prabandhAvalI * hindU dharma aura hindU saMskRti gaI vahAM vahAM bhI zivopAsanA pracalita huI / ina sthAnoM meM Aja bhI aneka ziva mUrttiyAM maujUda haiM / jaina dharma aura hindU dharma kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana karate huye mujhe yaha vicitra bAta dIkha par3I ki hamAre teIsaveM bhagavAn zrI pArzvanAtha aura hinduoM ke bhagavAn zaMkara meM kaI bAtoM meM samatA hai / pahalI bAta yaha hai ki jisa prakAra hinduoM meM brahmA, viSNu, maheza ina tInoM mukhya devatAoM meM saba se adhika pUjA ziva kI hotI hai, usI prakAra jainiyoM ke caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM meM saba se adhika zrI pArzvanAtha hI pUje jAte haiM / kAzI zivajI kI pradhAna purI hai / isaliye vaha hinduoM kA mahAna tIrtha sthAna hai / prati varSa lAkhoM tIrthaM yAtrI bhagavAn vizvanAtha ke darzana ke liye kAzI Ate haiM / jainiyoM ke bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kA janma sthAna bhI kAzI hI hai / zvetAmbara, digambara donoM sampradAya ke hajAroM yAtrI bArANaso ko pavitra tIrtha sthAna samajhakara Ate jAte rahate haiM / tIsarI bAta yaha hai ki zivajI kI mUrtiyoM meM sarpa bahutAyata se banAyA jAtA hai| kucha ziva mUrttiyoM ke gale meM sarpa mAla dIkha par3atI hai aura bahutoM ke mastaka para sarpa ke phanoM ke chatra milate haiM / isI prakAra zrI pArzvanAtha kI mUrtiyoM ke mastaka para bhI sarpa ke phanoM ke chatra milate haiM / cauthI aura artha pUrNa bAta yaha hai ki jisa prakAra jena loga maMdira kI vastuoM ko deva dravya samajhakara apane kAma meM nahIM lAte haiM usI prakAra zivajI kI pUjA meM bar3hI huI vastuoM ko nirmAlya samajha kara hindU loga bhI vyavahAra nahIM karate aura isaliye zivajI kA prasAda koI nahIM grahaNa karatA / yaha bAta zaMkarajI ke atirikta anya kisI devatA para lAgU nahIM hai /

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*prAdhAvalI* * 126 . eka aisA pravAda pracalita hai ki jainAcArya siddhasena divAkara ne zrI pArzvanAtha kI stuti meM "kalyANa maMdira" stotra racakara ujjayinI ke 'mahAkAla ziva' ke mandira meM par3hA thA usa para ziva liMga phaTa gayA aura usameM se pArzvanAtha kI pratimA prakaTa huI, jo Aja taka 'aiti pArzvanAtha' ke nAmase prasiddha hai| ___ sabase mahatva pUrNa bAta yaha hai ki jaise zaMkarajI ko pUjA alaga2 sthAnoM meM alaga 2 nAmoM se hotI hai| ThIka isI prakAra zrI pAvanAtha kI pUjA vibhinna sthAnoM meM saikar3oM vibhinna nAmoM se hotI hai| 'kAThamAMDU' ke zivajI 'pazupatinAtha' ke nAma se, kAzI ke 'vizvanAtha' ke nAma se, kAzmIra ke 'amaranAtha' ke nAma se pUje jAte haiN| zrI pAzvanAtha kI pUjA bhI vibhinna sthAnoM meM vibhinna nAmoM se hotI hai / jaise 'antarIkSa', 'cintAmaNi', 'saMkhezvara', 'kalikuDa' Adi / yahAM para maiM vibhinna sthAnoM ke bhagavAn pArzvanAtha aura bhagavAn zaMkaranAtha ke nAmoM kI kucha sUcI detA hUM, jisase pAThakoM ko ina donoM jaina aura hindU devatAoM kI aisI vicitra samatA kA aMdAja laga skegaa| nAma aura sthAnoM kI sUcI pArzvanAtha khAna zaMkaranAtha sAna 1 aMjArA kAThiyAvAr3a 1 acalezvara AbU, jodhapura 2 aMtarIkSa 2 amaranAtha kAzmIra 3 amIjharA giranAra 3 oMkAranAtha nAsika 4 aivanti ujjana 4 eka liMga mevAr3a 5karerA mevAr3a 5 kapilezvara rAjagira 6 kalikuNDa kembe 6 kedAranAtha himAlaya

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* 130 * pArzvanAtha 7 kalakaMTha 8 kalyANI 6 kansArI 10 kamviyA 11 kApar3A 12 kikalA 13 kAka 14 kokA 15 kezariyA 16 khokhalA 17 gambhArI 18 gaur3I 16 ghRtakallola 20 campA 21 cintAmaNi 22 jaga ballabha 23 jIrAulA 24 TAMkalA 25 dAdA sthAna pATana pAlanapura kaimbe gujarAta mAravAr3a pATana "" kaimbe pAlanapura gujarAta bambaI bar3audA zaMkaranAtha 9 koTezvara 8 kumbhezvara 6 gokarNa 10 gopezvara 11 gotamezvara 12 guptezvara pATana, ghoghA kaeNmbe 13 jambUkezvara 14 jAlezvara 15 tArakezvara 16 tryambakezvara 17 darzanezvara mevAr3a 25 vaTezvara sirohI, ahamadAbAda 26 vAnezvara kaimbe 18 dugdhezvara 16 nIlezvara 20 nAgezvara * prabandhAvako "" ajamera, pAlI, udayapura kaccha, pATana pATana, lakhanaU AgarA, mer3atA, 21 nIlakaNTha sAdar3I, jaisalamera, 22 pazupatinAtha nepAla murzidAbAda 23 pippalezvara mathurA ahamadAbAda, 24 paJcavaktrezvara haridvAra 26 nakkhaMDA 27 nava pallava Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat sthAna bhuja kumbhakonam lakhImapura mathurA kumbhakonam bRndAvana, kAnapura, jabalapura kAMcI jalapAIgur3I hugalI nAsika ayodhyA rudrapura paTanA kumbhakonam ayodhyA kAlIMjara, prayAga, sikohAbAda kumbhakonam 27 vAlakezvara bambaI 28 varAhezvara 26 bhUtezvara 30 bhuvanezvara 31 mana mahezca bindhyAbala mathurA ur3IsA, citrakUTa paThAna koTa www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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*pradhAvalI. pArzvanAtha sthAna zaMkaranAtha sthAna 28 nava raMga pATana 32 mahAkAla ujjaina 26 navalakSA pAlA 33 muktezvara gorakhapura 30 nAkAr3A mevAr3a 34 mAvaNyezvara purI 31 paMcAsarA gujarAta 35 matsyezvara laGkA 32 pallavIyA pATana 36 mAdhavezvara mAnasarovara 33 phalavarddhi __ mAravAr3a 37 raMgezvara mathurA 34 barakAnA , 38 rAmezvara setuvandha 35 bhadrAvatI bagara 36 rUpanAtha zrIhada 36 bhIr3abhaMjana UNA, kher3A 40 vaidyanAtha sauMtAla paraganA, 37 makzI gvAliyara kAMgar3A 38 mana-mohana pATana 41 vizvanAtha kAzI 36 manaragA mahisAnA 42 vRhadIzvara taMjora 40 muni pATana 43 vAmanezvara kurukSetra 41 lor3hana DabhoI 44 vIrazvara iDara 42 lodravA jaisalamera 45 siddhAnta rAjagira, 43 bijaya-cintAmaNI ahamadAbAda sAhAbAda 44 zeSaphaNa jUnAgar3ha 46 somanAtha kAThiyAvAr3a 45 zakhezvara gujarAta 47 sammidezvara cittaur3a 46 sahasrakUTa pATana 48 sarvezvara kurukSetra 47 sahasraphaNa , jodhapura 46 saGgamezvara triveNo 48 sAMbaliyA pATana 5. hAyalezvara hAle vida 46 soma cintAmaNi kaimbe 50 stambhana pATana 'sudhA' varSa , khaMDa 1, saMkhyA 5 (disambara, 1935) pR0 535.538

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jaisavAloM kI natpatti para vicAra jainiyoM ke sarvajJa vacanAnusAra yaha saMsAra kSaNa 2 meM parivartanazIla hai| jaba hama svayaM kevala sATha sattara varSa kI ho avasthA meM nAnA prakAra ke hera phera dekhate haiM taba saikar3oM nahIM sahasroM varSa kI bAta meM parivartana honA sarvathA sambhava hai| Aja bhAratavAsI vartamAna sarakAra ke isa zAMtimaya rAjatva ke samaya apane 2 dharma itihAsa Adi ke khoja meM tatpara haiN| mujha ko jahAM taka jJAna hai jainiyoM ke itihAsa kA aisA adhyAya, ki jisa meM pUrvAcAryoM ne kauna samaya kisa sthAna meM kisa 2 jAti ko ahiMsA kA upadeza dekara jainI banAyA, isakA varNana Thoka 2 nahIM milatA hai| kisa kAraNa se una logoMne isa viSaya ko andhakAra meM hI rahane diyA isakA bhI patA hameM abhI taka nahIM lagA hai| jana-pravAda aura kimbadantiyoM ko bilakula hI asatya samajha kara dUra kara denA bhI bahuta kaThina hai balki bahutasA aitihAsika tatva unhI pravAdoM aura kimvadantiyoM se ho pAyA jAtA hai| caturvidha maMgha ke sAdhu sAdhvI, zrAvaka-zrAvikA ke viSaya meM prAcIna bhaNDAroM ke agale patra athavA kucha prAcIna nAghra zAsana yA zilA lekhoM ke sivA koI kramavAra itihAsa kA Aja taka patA nahIM milA hai| jo kucha pustakAkAra meM isa viSaya para chape hai aura mere dekhane meM Aye hai ve saba adhikAMza meM vizvasta pramANoM para likhe hue nahIM bhAta par3ate mora bahuta so atyuktiyoM se bhare hue haiN| aisI avasthA meM maiMne aise viSayoM se alaga rahanA ho ucita samajhA thaa| parantu hamAre isa "jaisavAla jena" patra ke suyogya sampAdaka mahAzaya kI bhAzAnusAra maiMne apane do

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.134. ** prabandhAvalI. epha vicAra pAThakoM ke sammukha upasthita karane kA sAhasa kiyA hai| AzA hai ki sujJa pAThaka ise kSIranIravat aGgIkAra kreNge| bhaviSya meM hamAre bhI jo aura naye vicAra hoveMge unheM pAThakoM ko sevA meM upasthita kruuNgaa| isa patra ke prathama varSa ke 10-11 saMkhyA ke 282 pRSTha se 862 pRSTha taka ke "jaisavAloM kA prAdurbhAva" zIrSaka lekha meM "jaisavAloM" kA jo hAla likhA hai maiM usa lekha se sahamata nahIM ho sktaa| lekhaka mahAzaya ne pUrNa gaveSaNA karake hI vicAra pUrvaka likhA hogaa| parantu cAhe merA vicAra bhrama ho cAhe unakA bhrama ho isa ke liye koI bhI soca nahIM hai| parantu jahAM taka sambhava ho asalI tatva ko prakAza karanA aura pUrva bhrama ko dUra karanA hI aise khojoM kA mUla siddhAnta samajhanA caahiye| usa lekha meM likhA hai ki "jaisavAla" kSatro haiM aura zera kA baccA aura bher3iyoM ke dRSTAnta se una logoM kA vaizya kaha. lAnA batAyA hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki usa lekha meM likhate haiM ki dakSiNa meM "jaisanera" nAma kA sthAna thaa| usa deza kA rAjA ikSvAku vaMza kA kSatrI thaa| usI ke kuTumbI jaisanera vAle kahalAte the| jo ki dhIre dhIre pIche bigar3a kara jaisavAle yA jaisavAla kahalAne lge| "bokAnera se yukti vAridhi u0 zrI rAmalAla jI gaNi ne "mahAjana baMza muktAvalI" nAmaka eka pustaka chapavAI hai| usa pustaka ke 164 pRSTha meM madhya deza ke "84 vaNika" jAtiyoM ke nAma ke 32 saMkhyA meM "jaisavAla" kA nAma likhate haiN| usI meM naM0 30 meM "jAyalAvAla" nAma hai aura ukta 'jAyalAvAla' jAyala sthAna se kahalAne kA hakIkata hai| parantu jaisavAla ke viSaya meM usa pustaka meM kucha hAla nahIM likhA hai ki ve vaizya haiM yA kSatrI / jainiyoM ke sarva sAdhAraNa jAti nimantraNa meM jo sAr3he bAraha nyAta ekatrita hote haiM usameM 'jailavAla' kA nAma nahIM pAyA jAtA hai| avazya mujhe yaha bAta acchI taraha jJAta hai ki yahasAr3he bAraha nyAtoM kA sthAna vizeSa aura pustaka vizeSa meM do cAra

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* prabandhAvalI : 135 * hera phera haiM / parantu kisI meM bhI mujhe yaha nAma milA nahIM / yati zrIpAlajI me "jaina sampradAya zikSA" nAma kI jo pustaka chapavAI hai usake 685 pRSTa meM madhyapradeza ( mAlavA ) kI bAraha nyAtoM meM saMkhyA 6 meM " jaisavAla" nAma hai aura usI pustaka ke 687 pRSTha meM caurAsI nyAta aura unake sthAnoM ke varNana meM 32 saMkhyA meM "jaisavAla gar3ha" se "jaisavAloM" kI utpatti likhI hai / usIke 688 pRSTha meM puna: dakSiNa prAnta kI 84 nyAtoM ke nAmoM meM saMkhyA 5 meM " jaisavAla" nAma pAyA jAtA hai / mujhako jodhapura ( mAravAr3a) meM vahAM ke yatiyoM ke pAsa jo 84 jati zrAvakoM ke nAma mile haiM usameM naM0 16 meM "jAyalAvAla" nAma hai / isa viSaya para jitanI hastalikhita yA chApe kI pustakeM. hamAre dRSTigocara huI haiM kisI meM bhI " jaisavAla" jainiyoM kA kSatrI yA rAjapUta se jainI honA nahIM pAyA gayA hai / yadi koI mahAzaya yaha soceM ki hamArA sthAna kSatriyoM se uThA kara eka krama nIce vaizyoM meM karanA ThIka nahIM unase maiM vinaya pUrvaka kahanA cAhatA hUM ki apane jainiyoM meM hinduoM kI bhAMti varNabheda nahIM mAnA gayA hai / zrI RSabha deva Adi tIrthaMkaroM ke samaya se hI saba manuSya eka the / pazcAt "asijIva" "masijIva" Adi arthAt kSatriya vaizya kahalAne lage 1 tathA apane jainiyoM ke dharmAnusAra "jAtimada" "kulamada" Adi pApoM kI gaNanA meM hai / isa kAraNa sujJa pAThaka tatva ko anveSaNa karate huye ucca nIca kA vicAra na laaveNge| mUla viSaya para dhyAna dene se yaha sambhava jAna par3atA hai ki jaise osiyA se osavAla, bhInamAla se zrImAla, khaMDele se khaMDelavAla, bagherA se bagheravAla Adi huye haiM usI taraha cAhe mAlavA cAhe rAjaputAnA ke jaisalagaDha yA aura koI usI taraha ke nAma ke sthAna se " jaisavAla" zabda kI utpatti huI ho parantu dakSiNa ke jaisane se honA kadApi sambhava nahIM hai| mujhe jahAM taka jJAta hai varttamAna yA prAcIna kAla meM dakSiNa ke kisI bhI sthAna ke nAma ke anta meM "nera" nahIM pAyA jaataa| rAjaputAnA meM hI aise nAma pAye jAte haiM jaise "gajanera" "bIkAnera" ityAdi / 15

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* 136 * * prabandhAvalI * ___ maiM purAtatva viSaya ke khoja meM jo kucha saMgraha kara sakA hUM usameM hamAre isa "jaisavAla jaina" ke viSaya meM dillI meM navaghare ke mandira meM eka sarva dhAtu kI pratimA para saM0 1504 kA lekha pAyA hai jisameM isa prakAra likhA hai :___ saM0 1504 varSa A0 su0 6 zrI mUlasaMghe bha0 zrIjinacandra devAH jaisavAlAnvaye sA0 lara bhAryA rainasiri tatputra soniga bhAryA premA praNamati / " (1) ___ aura paTane (pATaliputra ) ke jaina mandira meM saM0 1610 kA nimna likhita lekha pASANa ko mUrti para maujUda hai :___ "zrI saM0 1610 zAke 1775 sAla mitI vaizAkha zukla paJcamyAM gugai pATalI-purasara jinAlaya pUrvaka zrI zrI nemanAtha mandirajI jaisavAla mANakacanda tatputra maTarUmala tatputra sIvanalAla pratiSThA kArAyitu zrIrastu // " (2) __isa se yaha bAta nizcita hai ki "jaisavAla" yaha nAma kucha nayA nahIM hai| sAr3he cAra sau varSa se bhI adhika samaya se isakA astitva pAyA jAtA hai aura digambarI AcAryoMne hI jahAM taka sambhava hai ina logoM ko pratibodhita kiyA hai| maiMne andAja do hajAra jaina lekha saMgraha kiyA hai tisa meM uparokta kevala do lekhoM ke aura koI jaisavAloM ke pratiSThita pratimA athavA zilAlekha nahIM paayaa| isa se yaha bhI siddha hotA hai ki unakI saMkhyA adhika nahIM thii| cAraNa aura bhAToM ke pAsa jo vaMzAvalI milatI hai usameM adhikAMza osavAloM kA hI varNana milatA hai aura una logoMko kSatriya rAjapUta se jainI honekA saMtoSadAyaka pramANa bhI milatA hai| uparyukta do eka vicAroM se jaisavAloM kI utpatti kA Age para khoja karane ke prabandha meM thor3A bho sahArA pahuMcegA to maiM apanA prayAsa saphala smgaa| (1) jaina lekha saMgraha, prathama khaNDa pR0 112 naM0 472 / (2) jaina lekha saMgraha, prathama khaNDa pU0 82 naM0 328 /

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samaya puruSa balavAna eka prabala parAkrAMta vijayI samrAT kI taraha samaya sadAkAla apanA Adhipatya vistAra kara rahA hai| yaha kisI kA dAsa nahIM haiN| jagata ke sarvasthAnoM ke sarva jIvoM para isakA zAsana akhaNDa vidyamAna hai / cAhe tIrthaMkara, cakravartI, zizu cAhe yuvaka koI bhI kyoM na hoM, samaya kI gati ke avodhya karane ko koI samartha nhiiN| samaya hI eka anAdi ananta aisA padArtha hai jisakA sthAna jainiyoM ke zAstra meM vilakSaNa rUpa se varNita hai| jainAgama ke sthAna 2 para teNaM kAleNam teNaM samayeNam' kA ullekha milatA hai| jo viSaya svapna ke agocara thA vaha samaya ke hI kAraNa pratyakSa rUpa se dRSTi ke sammukha mUrttimAna upasthita hai| yadi saMsAra meM koI bhI amUlya aura atulanIya padArtha kA jJAna sarvotkRSTa samajhA jAya to samaya kA nAma hI sarvaprathama rahegA / kAla kI ajJAnatA ke kAraNa hI manuSya ko samaya 2 para hatAza honA par3atA haiM / samaya kA pUrNa rUpa se mahatva jAnane ke pazcAt kArya meM agrasara hone se Ipsita phala milane meM sandeha nahIM rahatA / Aja yadi hamAre navayuvaka bhAI samayAnukUla apanA saMgaThana, vidyAbhyAsa aura vyApArika carcA meM tatpara raheM, gurujana samayAnukUla dezonnati, samAjonnati para dhyAna deM aura dharmAcArya sAdhuloga samayAnukUla dharmonnati ke patha-pradarzaka baneM to Aja hama bhArata ke aura 2 samAjoM ke sAtha hI nahIM varaM unase bhI kahIM Age bar3ha sakate haiN| yadi lakIra ke phakIra hokara sadA samaya ke mUlya ko tuccha hI samajhate raheMge to hamaloga dhArmika, vyApArika, athavA sAMsArika kisI prakAra kI unnati nahIM kara skeNge| eka samaya meM hI itanI zakti hai bo

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* 138 * * prabandhAvalI * asaMbhava ko saMbhava banA sakatA hai / isI kAraNa maiM prathama hI kaha cukA hUM ki hamAre jena zAstroM meM samaya ko : bahuta ucca sthAna diyA gayA hai / cAhe purAtatva dekhiye cAhe navya itihAsa abalokana kIjiye Apako pratyeka meM samaya kA jhalakatA huA citra dikhAI par3egA / isaliye jo vyartha kAryoM meM apane samaya, zakti aura artha vyaya karate haiM ve bar3I bhUla karate haiN| Aja hamAre dezameM kisa vastu kI vizeSa AvazyakatA hai, Aja hameM kaisI zikSA dI jAnI cAhiye, Aja kisa DhaGga ke vyApAra se dravyopArjana kara sakate haiM, Aja kisa vidhi se hama dharma pAlana kara sakate haiM ityAdi vicAra yadi samayAnukUla na hoMge to hamArI samasta zakti naSTa hogI / ataeva hamAre navayuvakoM kA prathama karttavya yahI hai ki samaya ke mahatva ko apane antaH karaNa meM sadA smaraNa rakheM / eka samaya thA ki hamAre osavAla bhAiyoM ke dvAra para vRTiza sarakAra ke pratinidhi sAkSAt karane ke liye apekSA kiyA karate the aura Aja eka samaya hai ki usI sarakAra kI AdhInatA meM osavAla bhAiyoM kA sthAna bhAratIya anya kaumoM ke bahuta pIche hai / yadi manuSya samaya kA jJAna samyak prakAra upalabdha karake yathAsamaya karmakSetra meM agrasara hove to asambhava ko bhI anAyAsa se prApta karane ko samartha ho sakatA hai / eka samaya thA jaba ki musalamAnoM ke atyAcAroM ke kAraNa hindU lalanAoM ke mAna maryAdA kI rakSA karanI kaThina ho gaI thI / strI zikSAke viSaya meM to kahanA hI kyA, bAlikAoM ko antaHpura se bAhara bhejanA bhI saMkaTapUrNa thA / Aja eka samaya hai ki pratyeka samAja meM strI zikSA atyAvazyaka samajhI jAtI hai| yadi samaya kI ajJAnatA ke kAraNa isase pUrNa lAbha na uThA sakeM to samaya parivartana honepara jo kucha truTiyAM raha jAMyagI ve kadApi pUrNa na ho sakeMgI aura sadAkAla ke liye hAnikAraka tathA kaSTadAyaka ho jAyagI / ataH vizeSa rUpa se hamAre yuvakoM ko ucita hai ki saMsAra

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* prabandhAvalI 136 * kSetra meM samaya ko sarvazreSTha sthAna deM aura isI balavAna puruSa kI chAyA meM rahate huye karmakSetra meM agrasara hokara apane dharma, samAja aura vaMza kA mukhojjvala kareM / dekhiye ! jina musalamAnoM ke bhAva parade ke viSaya meM itane kaTTara the, yaha samaya kI hI khUbI hai ki unalogoM ke bhI vivAroM meM Aja parivartana dikhAI par3ate haiN| yahAM taka ki AphagAnistAna ke amIra amAnullAha bhI isa prathA ke ghora virodhI haiN| isI prakAra aura 2 triSayoM meM bhI apanA vicAra samayAnukUla kara lenA cAhiye / pAThaka sthiracitta se kisI bhI ora dhyAna deMge to samaya kA prAdhAnya hI dRSTi- gocara hogA / Aja yadyapi ApakA prApya akSarazaH satya hai taubhI rAjadvAra meM nirdiSTa samaya ke uparAnta upasthita hone se Apako kucha bhI phala na milegaa| avasara se nUkane para kevala pazcAtApa hI raha jAtA hai / gosvAmI tulasIdAsajI ne bhI samaya ke Upara kaisI acchI zikSAprada kavitA likhI hai 'kA gharathA jaba kRSI sukhAne, samaya cUka puni kA pachitAne' / ataH navayuvakoM se merA hArdika anurodha hai ki ve kisI prakAra Alasya meM athavA pramAda meM DUba kara samaya ko naSTa na kareM, avasara hAtha se na jAne deM tathA usakI upekSA na kareM / 'osavAla navayuvaka' - yuvakAMDU varSa 2, saMkhyA 1 ( apraila 1929 ) pR0 36.37

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zrosavAla samAja kA agnikuNDa maiM bhI isa viSaya para do akSara likhane kA sAhasa kara rahA huuN| sahRdaya pAThaka yaha na samajheM ki maiM apanI prazaMsA, athavA raupyapadaka prAptiko AzA se yaha likha rahA hUM, balki osavAla navayuvakoM ke sanmukha apanA vicAra pragaTa karanA eka karttavya soca kara hI kucha likhanA ucita samajhatA huuN| isase yadi vicArazIla pAThaka kucha bhI sAra grahaNa kareMge to maiM apanA parizrama saphala smduuNgaa| dekhiye, "osavAla samAjakA agnikuNDa" isa zIrSaka meM 'osavAlasamAja' guNavAcaka hai aura 'agnikuNDa' mukhya zabda haiM jisakA artha spaSTa hai| jisa kuNDa meM agni vidyamAna hai usameM kisI ko bhI kucha prApti kI AzA nahIM rahatI hai-saba svAhA ho jAtA hai| jaba taka kisI dUsare kI sahAyatA se usa agnikuNDa se alaga na ho sakeMge taba taka bacane kI AzA durlabha hai| usa agnikuNDa ko zItala kara diyA jAya athavA pUrNa rUpase dhvaMsa kara diyA jAya taba hI samAja kI rakSA ho sakatI hai| osavAla navayuvaka samiti ke patra ke nAndImukha ( siMhAvalokana ) se hI yaha viSaya chir3A huA hai| pazcAt kaI saMkhyAoM meM kaI eka sajana isa viSaya para atyuttama marmasparzI prabaMdha likhate Aye haiM; kintu isa gahana viSaya para una lekhoM se zAyada pUrNa rUpase santoSa nahIM huA hogA isI kAraNa 'pratiyogitA' meM punaH yahI viSaya rakhA gayA hai| aba yaha samasyA upasthita huI ki vaha parama zatra mahA anarthakArI aisA kaunasA agnikuNDa hai jisase osavAla samAja kA dhvaMsa nizcita hai|

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* prabandhAvalI. yadi sarakArI sensasa (janasaMkhyA) kI ora dRSTipAta kareM to jeniyoM kI saMkhyA jaisI dinoMdina ghaTa rahI hai, jisa anupAta se ukta jana saMkhyA hrAsa hotI jA rahI hai usase usake astitva kA lopa avazyaMbhAvI pratIta hotA hai| bahuta se vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki jaina samAja meM ArogyatA kA abhAva, bAla-vivAha, vyAyAma kA abhAva, aura vizvAsa-priyatA Adi kAraNoM se hI samAja kI jana saMkhyA ghaTatI jA rahI hai| aise agnikuNDa se samAja kI rakSA hone kA upAya kaThina nahIM hai| yadi samAja se bAla-vivAha, vRddha-vivAha Adi kuprathAeM haTA dI jAya, avizvAsitA ko tilAMjali deveM, zuddha vAyu, jala aura khAdyavastuoM kI vyavasthA kareM, evaM niyamita vyAyAma kareM to dinoMdina samAja meM sabala saMtati kI saMsthAmeM avazya vRddhi hogii| yadi apane samAja kA agnikunDa avidyA samajhI jAya, azikSA ke kAraNa samAja pratidina honabala hotI dikhAI par3e to isa agnikunDa se bacanekA upAya kaSTasAdhya nahIM hai| avidyA haTAne ke liye sthAna 2 meM prAthamika zikSA, ucca zikSA, strI zikSA, vyApArika zikSA Adi zikSAoMkA ucita prabandha hone se apanI samAja ke loga kramazaH suzikSA prApta karake aise agnikunDa se mukta ho sakate haiM / yadi sAmAjika antarvilaya arthAt samAja meM dalabandiyAM, anyAya utpIr3ana Adi atyAcAroM ko agnikuNDa kI upamA dI jAya aura ye saba samAja ke ghAtaka samajhe jAyaM to aisI dazA meM bhI sudhAra ho sakatA hai| parantu mere vicAra se kevala osavAla samAja kA hI nahIM samapra jaina samAja kA dhArmika prazna jisa prakAra jaTila hotA jA rahA hai aura ghartamAna dhArmika sthiti jaiso chinna bhinna hotI jAtI hai usase yaha dhArmika avanati hI samAja kA jvalanta agnikuNDa sA pratIta hotA hai| cAhe zetAmbara samAja dekhiye yA digambara samAja, kahIM gacchAdi ke jhagar3e, kahIM paMDina pArTI aura bAvU pArTI ina saba ke bIca ghora kalaha kA samAcAra kisI ko avidita nahIM hai|

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* 142 * * prabandhAvalI* yadi Apa zvetAmbara samAja para ddaSTipAta kareM to Apako prathama hI samAja meM saMvego, sthAnakavAsI aura terahapaMthiyoM kA pradhAna bheda dekhAI pdd'egaa| samAja meM eka sajana saMvegI dharma bheda para vizvAsa rakkheM to kiso ko hAni nahIM pahuMcatI parantu yadi vaha sajjana dUsare sthAnakavAsI athavA terahapaMthI sajjanoM para dveSabhAva se anucita AkSepa kareM to samAja kI unnati kahAM? jisa jagaha kaSAya ke vaza manuSya apanI zakti kA vyaya karate haiM to vaha kevala samAja kA hI kSaya karate haiN| dhArmika viSayoM ke doSa guNa kA vicAra karanA samAja kA kArya nahIM hai, tathApi samAja sthita eka matavAle dUsare matAnugAmI ke viruddha nAnA prakAra ke AkSepa aura doSAropa karate haiM aise dRSTAnta bahuta se vidyamAna haiN| maiM acchI taraha jAnatA hUM ki dhArmika viSaya kI avatAraNA karanA eka duHsAhasa mAtra hai| parantu jaba maiM dekhatA hUM ki isI osavAla samAja meM tapagaccha aura kharatara gaccha ke viSaya meM sthAna sthAna meM sabhAyeM baiThI, prastAva pAsa huye, haiNDabila pustakeM chapI, bAIsa Tole vAle aura terahapaMthI paraspara meM ayathA kaTukti vyavahAra karane lage, kahIM sunane meM AtA hai ki eka amnAyavAle dUsare amnAyavAloM ke sAtha dhArmika carcA kI oTa meM nindA carcA kara rahe haiM, kahIM saMbegI teraha. paMthI ko aura kahIM terahapaMthI saMvegI ko ghRNita dRSTi se dekha rahe haiM aura apane apane sampradAyavAle dharmarAja arthAt sAdhu-AvArya vagairaha aise garhita kAryoM meM madada pahuMcA rahe haiM to samAja kA saccA agnikuNDa isI ko mAnanA par3atA hai| isI dhArmika agnikuNDa meM girakara apane samAja ko dazakti amUlya samaya aura agaNita artha naSTa ho rahA hai| jahAM taka merA anubhava hai samAja kI dhArmika anekatA rUpI yaha eka mAtra mahAn agnikuNDa sanmukha sarva kSaNa dhadhaka rahA hai| Aja yadi jainiyoM meM zvetAmbara digambara Adi phirake na hote to jaina samAja kA bala kadApi na ghaTatA aura sAtha sAtha osavAla samAja bhI utta rottara unnati patha para agrasara hotI huI dikhAI pdd'tii|

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* prabandhAvalI* * 143. sajanoM! apane jainI bhAI adhikatayA vyApAra meM hI lage rahate haiN| dhArmika viSaya ko socane kA avasara bhI kama rahatA hai isIliye kevala eka zraddhA athavA vizvAsa para hI kula kramAgata apane apane zrAvaka dharma ko ThIka mAna lete haiN| aise dhArmika viSayoM para dharmAcAryoM meM matabheda hokara vahI balA samAja ke zira para A jAtI hai to vahI agnikuNDa ho jAtA hai| pAThaka yaha na samajheM ki osavAla samAja meM jitane bhinna bhinna dhArmika mata dekhane meM Ate haiM ve saba eka ho jAya, kAraNa aisA honA asaMbhava sA hai| parantu dhArmika bhedoM ko kevala vizvAsa kI vastu samajha kara apane sampradAya meM santuSTa raheM, dUsare sampradAyavAloM se kleza na bar3hAveM aura ina matabhedoM se pracaMDa agnikuDa na vanAveM to samAja kI rakSA saMbhava hai| aisA hone se kramazaH ekatA bhI bar3hatI jAyagI, jaina samAja akhanDa rahegA aura sAtha sAtha osavAla samAja bhI ucca koTi kI dikhAI degii| __ maiM ne samAja ke agnikunDa ke viSaya meM apanA vicAra pragaTa kiyA hai| yadi prAcIna kAla se adyAvadhi paryanta bhArata kA itihAsa dekhA jAya to yahAM ke prAyaH sabhI samAja vAloM meM kisI na kisI samaya unake dhArmika viSayoM ne agnikunDa rUpa meM pariNata hokara unhe agaNita hAni pahuMcAI tho| samaya samaya para bhAratIya samAja ko yaho dhArmika vAdAnuvAda kisa prakAra chinna bhinna karatA rahA isake dRSTAnta vartamAna kAla taka yatheTa milegeN| Aja bhI hindU samAja meM mata-matAntara ke liye paraspara meM kisa prakAra phUTa dekhane meM AtI hai isake varNana kI AvazyakatA nhiiN| samAja ke kitane utkRSTa jIvana isI prazna ko hala karane meM naSTa ho gye| bahuta sI Arthika hAni ke sAtha paraspara meM kleza bar3hate hue isI agnikunDa meM acche acche samAja bhI naSTaprAya ho rahe haiN| eka bhAratavarSa hI kyA, anyAnya dezoM ke itihAsa meM bhI yahI satya spaSTa milatA hai| yUropa meM jisa samaya romana ketholika ( Roman Catholic) dharma para, unakI popalIlA para, 19

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* 144 . * prabandhAvalI. navIna proTesTenTa ( Protestant ) dharmakA AkramaNa huA thA, usa samaya hajAroM jIvana naSTa hue the| musalamAnoM meM ziyA, sunnI ke bheda se bhI usa samAja ko bahuta kucha hAni pahuMcI thii| Aja isI matabheda se amIra amAnullAha ko deza tyAgI honA par3A hai| vidhavA vivAha Adi sAmAjika viSayoM para dhArmika prabhAva bahuta par3A huA hai| eka pakSavAloM ke dhArmika vicAra jabataka saMpUrNa rUpa se dUsaroM ke vicAra ke sAthI na banege taba taka samAja meM aisI vivAha prathA kadApi calane kI AzA nahIM hai| isI prakAra varNAzrama para dhArmika chApa lagA kara achUtoMke Upara ke kArya kI saphalatA bahuta kucha andhakAra meM pheka dI gaI hai| dhArmika viSaya aura AdhyAtmika carcA ko gauNa rakha kara pAzcAtya loga jar3a vijJAna meM aba bahuta agrasara ho gaye haiN| isa samaya unake samAja meM yaha dhArmika agnikunDa bahuta dabA par3A hai| isI kAraNa unake samAja meM yaha dhArmika matabheda prajvalita agnikunDa kI taraha unako dhvaMsa karane meM asamartha haiN| apane samAja meM bhI dhArmika viSaya ko pRthak karake zikSA viSaya para, khAsthya ke niyama para, kurItiyoM ko haTAne para aura anyAnya AvazyakIya sudhAra para jisa samaya apane osavAla navayuvaka kamara kaseMge usI samaya aise agnikunDa se rakSA pAne kI AzA ho sakatI hai anyathA samAja kA patana avazyaMbhAvI hai| ___maiMne kisI mata para vyaktigata AkSepa ke bhAva se nahIM likhA hai| samAja kA dhArmika anaikya vicAra hRdaya meM vizeSa rUTakatA hai| isI kAraNa jo kucha maiM soca rahA hUM vahI pAThakoM ke sanmukha yathAvat upasthita kiyA hai| ataH samasta osavAla bhAIyoM se nivedana hai ki mere vaktavya para avazya dhyAna deM aura samAja hita ke liye ucita vyavasthA soca kara prabandha kreN| alamati vistareNa / 'osavAla navayuvaka' varSa 2 saMkhyA 8 (agrahaNa 1986) pR0 255-258

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zrIyosavAla utpatti-patra apane prAcIna AvArya aura vidvAn loga yadyapi bahuta se aiti. hAsika racanAdi aura nAnA prakAra ke sAhitya kA pUrA phaNDa rakha gaye haiM, parantu ve apane upadeza dvArA anya matiyoM ko jainI banAne kA koI vizeSa itihAsa nahIM chor3a gaye haiN| kulabhATa aura cAraNoM ke pAsa jo vivaraNa milate haiM ve adhikatayA kalpita aura ayukti pUrNa hote haiN| isa hetu aitihAsika dRSTi se unakA sthAna ucca nahIM hai| zrI vora paramAtmA ke nirvANa ke pazcAt bhI bahuta se rAjA mahArAjAdi ucca koTi ke manuSyoM kI jaina dharmapara apUrva zraddhA kA ullekha milatA hai aura ina logoM ke samaya samaya para apane paitRka dharma ko tyAga jaina dharma aGgIkAra karane ke dRSTAnta jaina granthoMmeM bahudhA dRSTigocara hote haiN| rAjapUta kSatriyoM se jaina dharma kI dIkSA grahaNa karake eka samaya meM hI kaI gajapUta vaMza ke logoMne ahiMsA dharma mAnakara eka navIna samAja kI sthApanA kI thI parantu kheda hai ki isa ghaTanA kA koI bhI pramANika itihAsa upalabdha nahIM hai| pazcAt isI prakAra vaidika dharma mAnanevAle bahuta se ucca varga ke loga jainAcAryoM dvArA pratibodhita hote huye samaya 2para jaina dharma svIkAra karake samAja meM milate gye| harSakA viSaya hai ki ukta samAja kA gaurava adyAvadhi jaina samAja meM pradhAna rUpase mAnA jAtA hai| mosavAla jAti kI utpatti ke viSaya meM kaI pustake mora lekha Adi prakAzita huye haiM jinakA sArAMza yaha jJAta hotA hai ki-zrI pArzvanAtha bhagavAna ke pATa meM zrI ramapama sUrijI huye the| unhoMne

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* 146 * * prabandhAvalI * bi0 saM0 222 meM osIyA ( upakeza ) nagara ke rAjA upaladeva jo ki peMvAra rAjapUta jAti ke the unako saha kuTumva aura samasta nagaravAsI rAjapUtoM ke sAtha jaina banAne para ve hI osavAla saMjJA se khyAta huye / isa ghaTanA ke pazcAt bhI isI prakAra rAjapUta Adi kauma jainAcAryoM ke upadeza se jaina dharma meM dIkSita hoto gaI aura una logoMko usa samaya abAdhA se samAja meM sthAna milatA gayA / vIra nirvANa ke 70 varSa meM osavAla samAja kI sRSTi kI kiMvadanti asambhava sI pratIta hotI hai / zrI pArzvanAtha bhagavAn ke chaTThe pATa ke zrI ratnaprabha sUri dvArA osa vaMza kI sthApanA kI kathA bhI vizvasanIya nahIM hai 1 aisI dazA meM osavAla samAja kI utpatti kA itihAsa apUrNa sA hI hai aura isa viSaya meM khoja kI AvazyakatA hai / mere saMgraha meM osavAla jAti kI utpatti ke viSaya meM eka prAcIna kavitta kA apUrNa patra hai jo yahAM prakAzita kiyA jAtA hai| yadi kisI pAThaka ke pAsa isa kavitta kA pUrA pATha ho to AzA hai ki ve mahAzaya use prakaTa kareMge sambhava hai ki ukta aMzakA zeSa bhAga milane se osavAla samAja ke itihAsa meM aura bhI prakAza par3egA / ( dohA ) zrI surasatI dejyo mudA, Ase bahuta vizAla / nAsai saba saMkaTa paro, utpatti kahUM usavAla // 1 // deza kise kiNa nagara meM, jAta huI chai eha / suguru dharama sikhAviyo, kahisyu aba sasaneha // 2 // ( chanda ) pura sundara dhAma vasai sakalaM, kiranyAvata pAvasa hoya bhalaM / caUTA caurAzi virAja khare, paga melaya jora sugyAna dharai 11 bhina mAla kareM nita rAjaparaM, bhala bhIma nareMda upaMti varaM / paTarANI ke doya sutanna bharaM, sura sundara Upala matta dharaM // 2 // alakA nagarI jiha rIta kharI, aThavIsa babAkarIsobha dharI / tasa nArI vasai bahu suHkha karI, dukha jAba na pAsai sudUra TarI // 3 //

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*prabandhAvalI. *147. triya sundara opama kUla kalI, kanaA mayasu utarI bijlii| mugatAmbara jema calai padharaM, bahurUpa bhalo manukAma haraM // 4 // sura sundara jeTha sahodara chai, laghu Upala rAva jodhAra ach| sura sundara loka meM bhIma gayA padharA, bhina mAla ko rAja vaDo jukarA // 5 // puna doya sahodara mitra bhalA, samarUpa mayaMka sudhAra kalA / nalarAjamanamatha rUpa jisA, mahirAMNa athagga sobhAya isA // 6 // kiraNAla tapai puna bhAga bhalaM, agdUira bhaje ika Apa valaM / nagarAja udAra dopaMti kharA, kila chAta pa~vAra mugaTa kharA // 7 // (dohA) daMga mAMhi maMtrI taNA veTA doya sarUpa / vaho duraga mAhi rahai rupiyA koDa anUpa // 1 // sahara mAMhi choTo vasa lAkha ghATa chai kodd| va bhrAta ne isa kahai karu koDarI joDa // 2 // eka lAkha deve kharA duraga vasU hUM Aya / valatI bhojAI kahai bacana suno cita lAya // 3 // devarajI suNajyo tumhe kiso koTa chai sUna / yA viNa AyAM hI mare, rAkho ye aba mUna // 4 // bar3aU dharaNa bakhANIya choTo UhaDa jANa / uThIyo bacana suNI karI, laghu baMdhava harirAMNa // 5 // kopa aMga tiNa bela ghaNa kahmo basAu dNg| ema kaho Ayo sahara bahulo porasa aMga // 6 // upalanai vAsai jai vade pAchalo baat| bhojAI moso diyo suvAlo muja tAta // 7 // 'osavAla navayuvaka' varSa 2 saMkhyA 6 (pauSa 1986 ) pR0 266-300

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hamAre mahAna pUrvaja svargIya DAkara TesITarIke nAmase kucha pAThaka avazya paricita hoNge| Apa yaropa antargata iTalI dezake nivAsI the| Apane rAjasthAnI hindIkA vizeSa abhyAsa kiyA thA aura rAjapUtAnemeM aitihAsika khojake liye bahuta dina bitAye the| jodhapura aura bIkAnera donoM sthAnoMmeM unase merI bheMTa huI thii| Apa usa samaya rAjAoMke khyAta, cAraNoMke kavitta, chanda, gIta, kathAoMke saMgrahameM tatpara the| esiyATika sosAiTI Apha baiMgAla ke jaranala meM unakI kaI riporTa chapI thIM, jinameM unakI isa orakI kAryavAhI prakAzita huI hai| ukta prasiddha saMsthAse bibliyothekA-inDikA nAma kI jo graMthamAlA nikalatI hai, usameM Apane rAjasthAnI sIrIz2a nAmase kaI graMtha prakAzita kiye the| parantu thor3e hI samaya ke bAda unako kAryabaza svadeza lauTanA par3A aura vahA~ hI unakA dehAMta ho gyaa| iTalI jAneke pahale, Apane rAjapUtAne meM jo hastalikhita graMtha, guTake Adi saMgrahita kiye the, ve Apa ukta esiyATika sosAiTI meM rakha gaye the| maiM samaya 2 para una graMthoM kA nirIkSaNa karatA rhaa| unameM rAjasthAna ke itihAsa-sambandhI sAmagrIke sAtha-sAtha apane osavAloM ke prasiddha puruSoM kI guNa-kIrti meM race hue gIta, kavitta, chanda AdikA bhI saMgraha milaa| ina sabake prakAzita honese apane pUrva puruSoM kI kIrti aura kAya-kalApa para vizeSa prakAza pdd'egaa| isI vicArase ukta DA. TesITarI sAhaba ke saMgraha meM se kucha sAdhana Aja maiM pAThakoM kI sevA meM upasthita karatA huuN| AzA hai jAti-premI anya sajana bhI aisI

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pracanmApalI * 146 * sAmagrI, jo unake pAsa ho, use prakAzita kara apane samAja ke eka gaurava pUrNa itihAsa-saMkalana meM sahAyaka bneNge| yahAM "osavAlAM maiM dAtAra huA tiNAMrA nAma prakAzita kiyA jAtA hai| isameM dAtAroM kI saMkhyA 77 hai| parantu ina nAmoM meM osavAloM ke nAma ke sAtha-sAtha zrImAla poravAla Adi ke puruSa ratnoM ke bhI nAma haiN| yaha tAlikA koI samaya athavA sthAna kI apekSA se ( dhyAna meM rakhakara ) nahIM likhI gaI hai aura na isa meM saMgraha kartAkA hI koI ullekha hai| mujhe jisa guTake meM yaha tAlikA milI thI usameM aura bhI kaI gIta, kavitta Adi saMgrahita the, aura prArambha meM 'sevaga maMchArAma rA kahyA" aisA likhA huA thaa| yaha tAlikA bho unhIM sebagajI kA saMgraha honA saMbhava hai| isake bahuta se nAma prasiddha haiM parantu, kucha nAmoM ke khoja ko AvazyakatA hai| yaha to spaSTa hai ki ina mahApuruSoM ne apanI buddhi, bala aura dAna zIlatA se kisI samaya vipula yaza prApta kiyA hogA, parantu kheda hai ki Aja apane unakI kItiyoM se aparicita haiN| samAja ke aise puruSa-ratnoM ke lupta gaurava kA prakAza karanA samAja kA eka kartavya hai| tAlikA ko bhASA DiMgala hai| abhyAsa na honese isameM merA jJAna tuccha hai; isa kAraNa isake zabdoM meM jo kucha truTiyAM ho ve sujJa pAThaka sudhAra lenekI kRpA kreN| osavAlA maiM dAtAra huA tiNAMrA nAma / 1 jagaDU solAvata, pApa rAMkA 2 sAraGga, vAsa sauraTha 3 karamavanda muhato vachAvata, sAMgairo 4 bhAmaukA vaDiyo, vAsa cItoDa 5 sUrogula hoDayaunagbhavataH vAsa Akole 6 jagaDUlalavANI, jodhapura 7 hIrajI saMgha vAle cau, jodhapura 8 lor3hA bhairudAsa 6 nairAmo, alavala gar3ha, ( mevADhameM), ita Agare huvA 10 zromAla hIrA nanda 11 lor3hA kavarI naisunapAla (1) tejasI varahaDiyo akabara pAnasAha mAMniyau 12 muMhato rAyamala baida, sojhata 13 jAlora, lor3hau hamIra 14 bhInamAla, lolo 15

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* 150 . * prabandhAvalI* zrImAlI padarAja, nagarathaTe 16 vIMjo pAraSa, vAhar3amera 17 jeThU, dopanagara 18 haracanda nAhaTo, nAgora 16 narahara siMghavI, nAgora 20 DUga. rasI, mAMDavanagara, SAMpa phophalIyA 21 DosI sUjau poravAla, jAyalavAsa 22 koThArI riNadhIra, meDatai 23 rAjasI lor3ho, meDatai 24 vramecau haraSau, meDate 25 tejapAla vastapAla, jAta povAla 26 vimala zAha AbU Upara kabhaThAMNA karAyA 27 gAyo bhaira parathAsai vAsa, pATaNa 28 vadhamAna, vAsa navai nagara 26 lAlaNa, amarAvata 30 zrImAla AsakaraNa, nAthAvata 31 vA~Thiyo tejapAla, vAsa bhujanagara 32 zrImAla dillI meM 33 siradAramala paimo nai ratnau 34 bhAramala, vAsa vairATa deza 35 sAmodAsa revaMtajo ro, vAsa tijArai 36 aSau copar3o, vAsa saMtrAvai 37 AsakaraNa meDatai 38 holo dhanAvata, SAMpa vAgarecA 36 sAhe mauvAsa caukar3I, pAMpa pohakaraNo 40 Asakarana, navenagara 41 nAlasA, mevAr3a 42 karamo DosI sAta vIsI dhvajA serbuje cAr3hI 43 pAsavIra nAhaTo 44 lor3ho gosala igyADotare kAla ma anna diyau 45 DAgau ratanasI vayAsiye DigatI prajA thAMbhI 46 mADUgar3ha, sAMDa koDiyau mhaura lAyaNa mulka meM dIvI 47 sonI bhImavAsa, pATaNa 48 sopura, bhUmosAha paula pakhAha mhaura dInI 46 pAlhau, kubhalamera 50 meDatai, megharAja 51 hemarAja, nAgora 52 balarAja chAja, ajamera 53 gopacanda, dillI je jiyo chur3Ayo 54 sAha tAlo pIpAr3a 55 hemautA. hahArau, pIpAr3a 56 siradAramala surANo, vAsa jayatAraNa 57 kelarAja cauhottare anna de prajA thAMmI 58 bahattara pAla, mevAtame ana diyau 56 ThAkurasI 60 bharaMmala vairAra huvau ghor3A doyasau ikIsa diyA 61 kesava dhAMdhiyo 62 basatapAla vAsa dAdarI 63 gaMjabagasa gailaDo, Agarai 64 rAmamala haraSArau akabara kanai 65 zrImAla aMcaladAsa, vAsa anarasA 66 vauharo baghato, devAsai 67 ghebagai sIha mAla (zrImAla ? ) vAMsa cATasU 68 hIrAnanda sAharai, pAtasAha jahA~gIra ghare Ayo 66 itarA Agare, bale huvA dUrjaNa caMdU nemidAsa nANa jI 70 gajasI; amI;

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* prabandhAvalI * 151 * zejai siMgha kiya 71 * Asakarana amIpAla, copar3A 72 SetasI, bhojAvata, SAMpa zrImAla 73 sAha haraSau nANajIrau 74 nANajI pUrakhameMhuvau hAthI dAna kiyA 75 poravAla cAMpasIdAsa, vAsa paTTanai 76 zrImAla totarAja 99 zrImAla jasarAja, vAsa khaMbhAyaca | uparokta tAlikA TesITarI sAhabakI sagrahota guTakA naM0 27 meM hai aura kalakatteke esiyATika sosAiTIke pustakAlayakI hastalikhita pustakoM meM surakSita hai| isI prakAra apane samAjake prakhyAta vyaktiyoMke viSaya meM mujhe bahuta sI kavitA chanda Adi mile haiM, ve bhI kramazaH prakAzita karanekI icchA hai / sojata, nAgora Adi sthAnoM ke bhAiyoM se sAgraha nivedana hai ki isa tAlikA ke puruSoM ke viSaya meM khoja kareM aura jo kucha sAmagrI mile use prakAzita kareM / [ 'osavAla navayuvaka' varSa 6 saMkhyA 1 ( vaizAkha 1660 ) pR0 43-44] * ye bIkAnera ke rahane vAle the, nAhaToMkI gavAr3akI RSabhadeva svAmI ke maMdira kI pratiSThA inhoMne karavAI thI, isake liye dekho "AtmAnaMda" ( 1632-33 ) meM prakAzita bIkAnera ke jaina mandira / 20

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azuddha kuMkuma ( kaMsara ) jainabhAiyoM ! "hailDa" ke gata phebruari saMkhyA meM vilAyatI bhraSTa khAMDa sambandhI lekha likha kara ajamera nivAsI zrIyut zobhAgamalajI harakATane paramopakAra kiyA hai. parantu videzase AI huI aura 2 vastuoMmeM bhI nAnA prakAra ke azuddha apavitra dravya kA bhela samela rahatA hai ki jisake zravaNamAtra se apane sahadharmI bhAiyoM kA to kahanA hI kyA ? kintu samagra hindUmAtra ko una vastuoM ke vyavahAra se aruci aura ghRNA ho jAvegI / sarva pApa kA mUla lobha hai| isa lobha ke baza se manuSya nAnA prakAra ke akRtya karane se bhI bhayabhIta nahIM hotA hai / vyavasAya meM lAbha ke artha loga yahAM para bhI ghRtAdika mUlyavAna dravya meM prAya: dUsarI alpa mUlya kI vastu bhela karate haiM, so saba ko vidita hai, parantu videziyoM meM hiMsAdika kA lezamAtra bhI vicAra nahIM haiM, vahAM para yahAM se bhI adhika azuddha padArthoM kA mizraNa honA kyA Azcarya hai ? yahAM kisI prakAra kA dveSabhAva kA Azaya mahIM samajhanA, kAraNa unhIM logoM ke pramANika granthoM meM apane vyavahArika dravyoM meM mahAbhraSTa akhAdya padArthoM ke mizraNa kA vivaraNa pATha karake usako pragaTa karanA ucita samajha kara yaha lekha likhane meM AyA / dekhiye ! kukuma ( kesara ) apane jisako eka utkRSTa dravya samajha kara sarvadA vyavahAra meM lAte haiM, usameM kaisI 2 ghRNita aspRzya padArthoM kA bhela rahatA hai| nIce mUla aura anuvAdase sampUrNa vidita ho jAvegA yahAM punarUlA se lekhanI ko dUSita nahIM kruuNgaa| isa kesara meM videziyoM ne aisI vastu milAye haiM ki jisakA vyavahAra apane zrAvakoM ko sarvathA niSedha hai aura jisa ko zravaNa kara hindustAna mAtra kA

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* 154 * * prabandhAvalI * zarIra romAMca hotA hai / aisI 2 vastu akasara prAya: karake bhela diyA jAtA hai, aura apane aisI vastuko uttama samajha kara bhakSaNa karate haiM, aura lalATa meM lagAte haiM aura paramAtmA ke pUjana meM rakhate haiN| paJcamakAla ke prArambha meM hI yaha hAla hai Age na jAne kyA hogA / kaisI kaSTa kI bAta hai jo dravya kA sparza bhI pApa hai, usa dravya ko apane loga niHzaMka se vyavahAra meM lAte haiM aura bhagavAna ke mastaka para car3hAte haiM / isa viSaya para jyAdA likhanA Avazyaka nahIM hai-- nimnalikhita pramANoM se jaba pratyakSa siddha hotA hai taba AzA hai ki hamAre sarva jainabhAiyoM isa videzIya apavitra dravya ko kisI prakAra ke vyavahAra meM nahIM lAveMge, aura sarva jAti se apane meM isa kesara kA vyavahAra adhika hai isa kAraNa apane ko jyAdA sAvadhAna honA caahiye| yahAM ke kAzmIra dezameM bhI kesara paidA hotI hai / vaha hindU rAjya hai isase umeda hai vahAM kI kesara meM isa taraha bhraSTa padArthoM kA mizraNa saMbhava nahIM hai / aisI zuddha kesara hI zrI jinapUjAmeM vyavahAra yogya hai, anyatra isake abhAva meM zvetarakta caMdana karpUrAdi pavitra padArthoM kA hI vyavahAra ucita hai, na kevala raMgata aura sugaMdhi ke lobha se aisI azuddha dravya kA vyavahAra sarvathA nindanIya aura mahAna pApa kRtya hai / jaise hamAre grAmavAsI sAmasukhA jI ne apane munIma bAbU mahArAja siMhajI ke tArapura ke kArakhAne kI cInI kA hAla likhA hai vaise hI hamAre pAThakoM meM agara koI sAheba kahAMpara vizuddha kAzmIrI kesara mila saktI hai isakA hAla sarva sAdhAraNa ko pragaTa kareM to moTA lAbha kareMge / ityalaM vistareNa / Extract from Simmond's Tropical Agriculture ( 1877 ) page 382. "Account of Saffron agriculture in the Abri uzzi district of the Apennines, states that adulteration is carried out in various ways, the chief one

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* prabandhAvalI * * 155. bcing by mixing with it shredded bect, of which a suitable picce is boiled and then shredded into small fibres, which are stained with saffron water and then dricd." ApinAIna pahAr3a ke atru ji jile ke kesara ke khetI ke vivaraNa meM likhate haiM ki, isameM bhelasamela nAnA prakArase kiyA jAtA hai, bAhulyatA se pracalita rIti yaha hai ki gomAMsa ke lacche milAye jAte haiN| prathama gomAMsa ke Tukar3e ko pAnI meM auMTAyA jAtA hai pazcAt ( kesara kI taraha ) mihI lacche kATa kara kesara ke pAnI meM raMga kiyA jAtA hai, phira sukhAkara milAyA jAtA hai| Extract from Encyclopaedia Brittanica, ninth cdition Vol. 21 page 146. " At present saffrou is chiefly cultivated in Spain, France, Sicily, in the lower spurs of the Apennines & in Persia & Kashmir...............The stigmas and a part of the style arc carefully picked out and the wet saffron is then scattered on sheets of paper to a depth of 2 or 3 inches; over this a cloth is laid and next a board with a heavy weight. A strong heat is applied for about two hours so as to make the saffron " sweat " & a gentler temperature for a further period of twenty-four hours, the cake being turned every hour so that every part is thoroughly dried......... The drug has naturally always been liable to great adulteration in spite of penalties......Grease and butter are still very frequently nixed with

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* 156 * * prabandhAvalI * the cake and shreds of beef dipped in saffron water are also used............ If oily, it is probably adlul. terated with butter grcase. Ajakala kesara spena, phrAnsa, sisilI dvIpa, ApinAIna pahAr3a kI nIcI tarAI IrAna aura kAzmIra meM paidA hotI hai, isake puSpakI kesara aura parAga ko husiyArI se tor3A jAtA hai| phira usI gIloM kesara ko kAgaja ke patroMpara 2 / 3 iJca pUrA karake biThAyA jAtA hai, aura usapara eka kapar3A DhAMka kara Upara se eka paTiyA bhArI bojha dekara dabAyA jAtA hai| andAja do ghaNTe taka isameM khUba AMva dI jAtI hai ki jisameM kesara se pasInA chUTa jAya, phira 24 ghaNTe taka mando AMca rahatI hai aura usI kesara ke piNDa ko ghaNTe 2 meM ulaTAyA jAtA hai ki jisameM hara tarapha acchI taraha zuSka ho jaave| aparA. dhiyoM kI daNDa kI vyavasthA honepara bhI bahumUlya ke sababa se isa kesara meM haradama bahuta milAvaTa karate haiN| abataka carbI aura makkhana aksara usa kesara ke piNDa meM milAyA jAtA hai aura kesarako pAnI meM Dubo kara gomAMsakA lacchA bhI bhela kiyA jAtA hai| agara kesara meM cikanApana mAlUma hovai to makkhana yA carbose milAvaTa kA saMbhava jaannaa| - 'zrI jaina zvetAmbara konpharansa harailDa' pu0 2 207 ( julAI 1906) pR0163.165

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zrI rAjagRha prazasti jaina tIrtha gAiDa ke tabArikha suve bihAra meM usake graMtha kartA likhate haiM ki mathiyAna mahallA ke maMdira meM eka zilA lekha jo alaga rakhA huA hai.........saMvat tithi vagairaha kI jagaha TUTI huI paMkti (16 ) harpha umadA magara ghIsa jAnekI vajaha se kama par3hane meM AtA hai| Akhira kI paMkti meM jahAM gaccha kA nAma hai vahAM kisI ne tor3a diyA hai, bajra zAkhA vagairaha nAma bezaka maujUda hai| yaha par3hakara mujhe dekhane kI bahuta abhilASA huii| patA lagAne para 17 paMkti kA eka lekha divAra para lagA huA paayaa| kisI 2 jagaha TUTa gayA hai, saMvat vagairaha sApha hai aura dUsarA Tukar3A mAlUma huaa| pahile Tukar3e ke liye bahuta parizrama karane para patA lagA aura aba vahAM ke raIsa bAbU dhannU lAlajI sucantI ke yahAM rakhA gayA hai| yaha rAjagiri ke zrI pArzvanAtha svAmI ke mandira kA prazasti lekha hai| donoM Tukar3e bihAra meM joki rAjagiri se uttara 12 mIla para hai kisI kAraNa se yahAM hoMge aura bahuta varSoM se yahAM para hai| mujhe bahuta khoja karane para bhI yahAM uThAkara lAne kA vizeSa kAraNa kA patA na lagA, itanA hI zAta huvA hai ki vahAM ke mathiyAna zrAvaka loga lAye the| isa prazasti ke donoM pASANa zyAma raMga prAyaH samAna mApa ke haiM, donoM 10 ca caur3e aura pahalA Tukar3A 2 phUTa 10 iMca aura dUsarA 2 phaTa 8 iMca laMbA hai| akSara anumAna Adhaca ke hai| pahale Tukar3e

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*158* * prabandhAvalI * para 16 panti ke sivA 20 pakhar3iyoM kA eka kamala Upara bAyeM tarpha khudA huA hai aura dUsarA Tukar3A 17 paMkti kA hai aura Upara aura nIce jahAM tahAM TUTa gayA hai| isakA saMvat bikrama 1412 ASADha vadI, isvI 1355 hotA hai| usa samaya baMga bihAra prAnta meM bahuta halacala macI rahatI thI, dillI ke bAdazAhoM kA pUrA jora na thaa| prazasti meM jo sulatAna phiroja zAha kA ullekha hai so ThIka hai, parantu magadha ke zAsanakartA malika vaya kA nAma hameM vahAM ke kisI itihAsa meM dekha nahIM par3A vA unake adhinastha sAha nAsa durdina ( nasIruddIna ) kA bhI nAma nahIM milA hai| usa pradeza meM sammuddIna jisako hAjI iliyasa bhI kahate haiM usa vakta zAsana kartA the| bAdazAha phiroja zAha toghalaka kA samaya I0 1315-1388 kA hai| isa maMdira ke pratiSThA kA maMtrI dalIpa baMza ke zrImAna gaccharAja aura devarAja hai| isa baMza vAloMkI karAI huI pratiSThA Adi ke kaI lekha mile haiM aura merA jaina-lekha-saMgraha jo zIghra prakAzita hone vAlA hai usameM dI gaI hai| isa prazasti meM sahajapAla se inakI baMzAvalI ke nAma vartamAna haiN| sahajapAla ke putra tihuramApAla unake putra rAha unake putra Thakkura maMDana unakI strI thira devI unake putra 1 sahadeva 2 kAmadeva 3 mahArAja 4 baccharAja 5 devarAja the| 4 baccharAja ko do strI, prathama ratanI jinake 2 putra paharAja aura coDhara aura dUsarI bIbI jinake dhana siMhAdi putra likhe haiN| 5 devarAja ke bhI do strI rAjI aura padminI, rAjI ke tArA nAnmI kanyA thI aura usa tArA ke dharmasiMha aura guNagaja yaha do putra hue aura padminI ke pImarAja padmasiMha aura ghar3asiMha yaha tIna putra aura accharI nAma kI eka kanyA thii| Age kharatara gaccha kI padyavalI bhI likhI hai| bajrazAkhA caMdrakula ke udyotana sUrI se jinendra sUrI taka hai aura barddhamAna sUrI ke pATa para

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* prabandhAvalI. jinezvara sUrI se kharatara virUda kA spaSTa lekha hai jisase bahuta se pakSapAniyoM kA bhrama dUra hogaa| AcAryoM ke nAma kramabAra haiM, yaha pUrva dezako apUrva vastu hai| Ajataka aprakAzita thii| isakA pAMDitya aura pada lAlitya pAThakoM ko par3hane se hI jJAta hogaa| noTa:-zrI pArzvanAtha mandira prazasti' lekhaka dvArA saMgrahita aura prakAzita 'jaina-lekha-saMgraha' prathama khaNDa lekha naM0 236 ( pR0 58-62) meM dekheN| [isa prasastike donoM patthara rAjagRhameM lekhakake makAna 'zAMtibhavana' meM surakSita hai| 'zrI jaina zvetAmbara kAnpharansa herelDa' pu0 12 aMka 10 ( navambara 1916 ) pR0 376-377,

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eka dRzya Aja lagabhaga do yugako bAta hai ki maiM mere bar3e bhAI rAya maNilAlajo, unake putra aura merI svargIyA mAtAjI ke sAtha prathama hI mAravAr3a kI rAjadhAnI jodhapura gayA thaa| kucha thor3e hI samaya vyatIta hue the ki vahAM ke prasiddha yoddhA, vRTiza gavarnameNTa meM vizeSa prabhAvazAlI mahArAjA sara karanala pratApasiMhajI cIna yuddhase bar3e nAmavarI ke sAtha lauTe the 1 usa samaya vahAM ghara ghara yahI carcA aura isa ghaTanA kI bar3I khuziyAlI jArI thii| mere bhAI sAhaba unase milane gaye aura Akara mujhase kahane lage ki "sarakAra ( vahAM ke loga jodhapura ke mahArAjA sAhaba ko "daravAra" aura sara pratApasiMhajI ko "sarakAra" kahate the ) bar3e buddhimAna, sAde sIdhe sajjana puruSa haiN| unhoMne mujhako phira milane kahA hai, tuma bhI isa bAra sAtha calanA, milakara tumako bhI bar3I khuzI hogI / " isa vAra maiM bhI sAtha gayA / jisa baMgale meM sarakAra rahate the vahAM phuNce| vaha bhAdoMkA mahInA thA aura pUrvAhakA samaya thA / hama loga bhojana karake ho khAne hue the| pAThaka gaNa paricita hoMge ki rAjapUtAne meM vizeSa kara varSA RtumeM makkhiyoM kA upadrava bahuta rahatA haiN| baMgalemeM khabara milI ki sarakAra abhI taka lauTe nahIM haiM parantu zIghrahI phuNceNge| hama logoMko eka kamare meM ThaharAyA gayA / dvArapara yuddha se prApta huI kaI cInI topeM rakhI huI thii| kamare ke dIvAroM para saikar3oM phoTo TaMge hue the| kahIM iGgalaiNDa ke prasiddha lArDa leDiyoMkI, kahIM jApAna ke bar3e bar3e logoM kI choTe bar3e saba taraha ke citra najara Aye / thor3e hI dera meM sarakAra kaI naujavAna rAjapUtoM ke sAtha ghor3e para pahuMce / unake bhojanakA samaya ho gayA thaa| turaMta hI ghor3ese utara kara baMgale ke

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* prabandhAvalI * * 161 * kamare meM cale gaye gye| hama loga bhI vahAM bulAye gye| ahala. kArane Akara kahA - baMgAle ke seThoMko sarakAra apane khAsa kamare meM bulAte haiN| hamaloga uTha kara usake sAtha sAtha cle| vahAM pahuMca kara dekhA ki kamarA eka sAdhAraNa sA hai-koI sajAvaTa nahIM hai kevala jAjamI pharsa bichA huA hai. aura vagalameM eka mAmUlI palaMga ( DholiyA ) rakhA huA hai| sarakAra usI palaMga ke bagala meM jo khAkI pozAkase ghor3ese utare the vahI pahine hue arddhAsanase baiThe hue haiM aura unake sAthavAle 34 aura rAjapUta bhI ghor3oMse utara kara usI tarahakI voM pahine baiThe haiN| sara pratApasiMhajI ne dekhate ho hama logoM kA abhivAdana lekara unake najadIka baiThaneko khaa| AjJAnusAra hama loga bhI pAsameM bar3hakara baitthe| itanehI meM thAla phuNcaa| apUrva dRzya najara aayaa| cAMdI kAMseke badale cInIke pleTa yajJopavItadhArI brAhmaNoMke badale tramazradhArI yavanoMko dekhaa| sarakArane khAnasAmoMse apane hAthameM pleTa le liyA aura sAthake loga bhI lete gye| parivezana calane lgaa| pAvaroTI bhI hai, biskuTa bhI hai, bhujiyA bhI hai, kalAkanda bhI hai yAne pAzcAtya aura dezI donoM bhojana sAmagrI parosI gii| khAnA Arambha huaa| sAtha sAtha sarakArane hama logoMke tarapha nigAha DAlakara kahA- "seTha Arogo"-- bhAI sAhabane uttara diyAmahArAja abhI bhojana karake hI A rahe haiN| sarakArane kahA- "jimiyene jImAno soro" aura bhojanake liye vizeSa Agraha karane lge| mujhase rahA na gayA, vinayase kahA-- "mahArAja! hama logoMke bhojana meM kucha vicAra hai|" basa itanA sunate hI sarakArane AMkha uThAkara merI tarapha gardana ghumAkara kahA-"vivAra kyA ? mhe to mAlyAMko vicAra karAM, aura kAyako vicAra ?" maiM kucha uttara deneko thA ki bhAI sAhapane mauna rahane kA saMketa kiyaa| astu, sarakAra aura unake sAthiyoMne acchI taraha bhojana kiyA aura vahAM baiThe ho hasta mukha prakSAlana kara liyaa| bAdameM hama logoMse baMgAla prAMtakI bahutasI bAteM puuchii| uThane ke samaya sarakArane kahA - "Apa loga to hamAre mehamAna

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* 162 * * prabandhAvalI * haiM, jo kucha savArI vagairahako jarUrata hobe saba rAjase intajAma ho jAvegA, kisI tarahakI yahAM para takalIpha na honI cAhiye" ityAdi / isa prakAra svanAma-dhanya sara pratApasiMhajIse hama logoMkA sAkSAta dRzya samApta huaa| ___ mahArAjA sara pratApasiMhajI ke cIna yuddha meM padhArane ke samaya unakA tathA vahAM ke prajAoMkA manogata bhAva kisa prakAra thA vaha usa samayake saMbAda patroMmeM jo vivaraNa prakAzita hote the usase acchI taraha jJAna hotA thaa| priya pAThakoMko rocaka hogA isI dhAraNAse yahAM para usakA thor3A namUnA upasthita karatA huuN| jisa samaya sarakAra cIna jaGgakI umaGameM jodhapurase ravAne hone lage usa samaya unako aisI khuzI ho rahI thI ki mAno unakI umara bharako AzA pUrNa hone lgii| unhoMne jAneke pahile darabArase bhI arja kiyA thA ki "maiM cInameM jAkara khAbandoMke namakako ujAlUgA / jItA bacA to phira Akara ina caraNa kamaloM ke darzana karUMgA aura yadi mArA gayA to maiM hajUrako bar3e hajUrake pATakI Ana dilAtA hUM ki isakA vaisA hI utsava kareM ki jaisA priToriyAke phataha honekI khabara Anepara kiyA gayA thaa| zoka aura santApa kisI prakArakA na pharamAve, nahIM to merI AtmA duHkhI hogii|" ___ eka dina kisI puruSane sara pratApasiMhajIko kahA ki Apane yuropameM padhAra kara pRthvIkI pazcima sImA taka mAravAr3akA nAma prasiddha kara diyA hai aura aba cIna jAkara pUrvake anta taka mAravAr3akA nAma kara deNge| Apane pharamAyA ki pratApasiMha nahIM jAtA hai usako usakI jAti ( rAjapUta ) aura prasiddhi hI liye jAtI hai| na jAUM to tumhIM loga kahoge ki pratApasiMha umara bhara to kahatA rahA ki gharameM par3akara maranese lar3akara maranA acchA, aura jaba samaya AyA to jI curAkara baiTha rahA" aura apane bhatIje mahArAja phatahasiMhajIkI ora dekha kara kahA "yaha vaha yuddha nahIM hai ki maine tumako mAra DAlA

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* prabandhAvalI* * 163* aura tumAre beTane mujhe mAraDAlA gharameM hI ghATA pdd'aa| yaha zAhanazAhI jaGga hai, eka tarapha eka zAhanazAha hai dUsarI tarapha sAta zAhanazAha haiM aura duniyAM bharakI AkheM usa tarapha lagI huI hai aisI jaGga bAra bAra kAheko hotI hai, isase bar3hakara aura kaunasA avasara aavegaa|" jodhapurake prasiddha aitihAsika svargIya mu0 devIprasAdajI ke putra pItAmbara prasAdajI usa samaya eka kavitta racA thaa| kavitA yaha thI:kete bhUpAla jAta zailako bagIcana bAga, kete banamAMhi dIna mRganako mAre haiN| kete raGgamahalameM sahelinate Ananda karata, kete nizighoSa ati mahAmatavAre haiN| kete bhUmipAla jAta polo ghur3adaur3ameM, __ kete bhUmipAla rAgaraGgako nihAre haiM / dhanya 2 Aja mahArAja sara pratApasiMha, cIna jaGga mAMjhaso umagate padhAre haiM // 1 // 'dezabandhu' bhAga 1 aGga 18 ( 25 agasta 1924) pR011-12

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caurAsI caurAsI eka aisI saMkhyA hai, jisakA vyavahAra maiM bahuta sthAnoM meM dekhatA AyA huuN| yaha saMkhyA kisa prakAra aura kahAMse pracalita huI, isakA itihAsa nahIM milA, ataH mujhe yaha jAnane kI icchA rahI / bhAratavarSa ke prAyaH samasta Arya-santAna lokAkAza-sthita jIva-yoniyoM kI saMkhyA apane-apane zAstrAnusAra caurAsI lakSa mAnate haiM / khoja karanepara jahA~ taka mujhe upalabdha huA hai, usase yaha jAnA jAtA hai ki caturdaza rAjaloka ke jIva-bheda kI saMkhyA caurAsI lakSa ke caurAsI aGka ko hI mahatva kA samajhakara bahutasI jagaha isakA vyavahAra pracalita honA sambhava jJAta hotA hai| kaI sthAnoM meM viSaya kI saMkhyA caurAsI se adhika hai, tau bhI vahAM caurAsI se hI vaha viSaya adyAvadhi prasiddha hai| isI prakAra kisI kisI jagaha viSaya-bheda caurAsI saMkhyA se alpa bhI hai, tau bhI yaha zabda viSaya ke sAtha lagA diyA gayA hai aura idhara-udhara se unake bheda vahI caurAsI prakAra ke banA diye gaye haiM / . 'hindI - vizvakoSa' ke dvitIya bhAga ke pRSTa 737 meM 'Asana' zabda ke artha meM likhA huA hai ki 'gheraNDasahitA' ke matase jIva jantuoM kI saMkhyA jitanI hotI hai, Asana kI gaNanA bhI utanI nikalatI hai| zivajI ke AsanoM kI saMkhyA vahI caurAsI lakSa kahI gaI hai| unameM caurAsI prakAra ke pradhAna Asana batAye haiN| 'zivasaMhitA' ke mana se bhI caurAsI prakAra ke Asana haiM / kAmazAstra ke anusAra caurAsI prakAra ke AsanoM kI saMkhyA bhI prasiddha hai| pUnA se 'caurAsI Asana'

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* prabandhAvalI* * 165 nAmaka jo marAThI bhASAkI sacitra pustaka prakAzita huI hai, usameM 63 AsanoM ke nAma aura citra pAye jAte haiN| tAtparya yaha hai ki yadyapi AsanoM kI saMkhyA caurAsI se adhika pAI jAtI hai, to bhI prAcIna kAlase Asana-bhedake sAtha yahI saMkhyA lagA dI gaI haiN| yaha caurAsI kA aGka caudaha kI saMkhyA ko chaH guNA karane se bhI hotA hai| zikSA-kalpa vyAkaraNAdi caudaha prakAra kI vidyA, khaDgastra, strI-ratnAdi cakravartiyoM ke caudaha ratna tathA devatAoM dvArA samudramathana se prApta lakSmI kaustubhAdi caudaha ratna, aise aise caudaha bhedavAle chaH viSayoM kI samaSTi bhI caurAsI kA aGka ho jAtA hai| jauharI loga jina-jina ratnoMko saMga kahate haiM, unakI saMkhyA bhI ve caurAsI batAte haiM, parantu yaha saMkhyA kalpita mAlUma hotI hai| pAThakoM ko yahAM eka aura bAtakI ora dhyAna dilAtA hUM ki jauharI loga caurAsI ke pherameM par3a jAneke bhayase isa caurAsI saMkhyA se itane sazaMkita rahate haiM ki apane vyApArAdi meM isa saMkhyA kA vyavahAra kadApi nahIM krte| arthAt yadi caurAsI rupaye ke bhAvameM una logoM se koI saudA mAMgA jAya, to svIkAra nahIM karate ; balki paune caurAsI meM bekhane ko saharSa taiyAra ho jAte haiN| isI prakAra ve na to vajanameM kadApi 84 rattI mAla becate haiM, aura na kisI pur3iye meM 84 nIne rakhate haiN| caurAsI kI saMkhyAke viSaya meM 'hindI-vizvakoSa' saptama bhAga pRSTa 587 meM jo varNana hai, usase pAThakoM ko jJAta hogA ki bhAratavarSa ke kaI dezoMmeM aise nAma ke paragane aura tAluke milate haiM, jinakI sRSTi caurAsI grAmoMko lekara hI huI hogii| natya ke samaya pairameM bahutase ghugharU bAMdhe jAte haiM, saMkhyAdhikya ke kAraNa unako bhI caurAsI kahate haiN| brAhmaNa varNameM nAnA kAraNoM se saikar3o bheda vidyamAna haiN| pAThakoM meM se bahuta se sajana 'caurAsI brAhmaNa' brAhmaNoM ko eka jAti-vizeSa

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* prabandhAvalI * hai, aisA jAnate hoNge| kAsagaMja se sambat 1973 ko prakAzita 'brAhmaNa nirNaya' nAmaka pustaka kI pRSTa 265 meM likhA hai-"caurA. siyA-yaha gaura brAhmaNAntargata eka brAhmaNa samudAya hai, inakI bastI jayapura yA jodhapura rAjyameM hai, kisI samaya caurAsI grAmoMkI vRtti inake yahAM thI, ataH ye caurAsiye brAhmaNa kahAye athavA kisI aiti. hAsika vidvAn kI sammati yaha bhI hai ki ye bhaTTha mevAr3a-sampradAya meM haiM aura vizeSa-rUpase mAravAr3a ke caurAso grAmoM meM bahuta haiN|" brAhmaNoM kI taraha jainiyoM meM bhI zrAvakoM kI jAti kI saMkhyA caurAsI kahI jAtI hai| ina zrAvakoM kI jAtiyoM ke nAma bhI vahI caurAsI aGka ke mahatva ke liye ekatrita kiye gaye hoNge| deza, jAti aura gotrAdi kI apekSAse zrAvakoM kI jAti-saMkhyA caurAsI se bhI adhika milatI hai, aura varNAdi dRSTise unake bheda caurAsI saMkhyAse bahuta kama bhI hai| caurAsI saMkhyAkA mahatva hI isakA ekamAtra kAraNa mAlUma hotA hai| isI prakAra jainiyoMke AcAryoM meM jo gacchabheda haiM, unakI saMkhyA bhI prasiddhi meM caurAsI batalAI jAtI hai, parantu vAstava meM caurAsI se bhI adhika milate haiN| kaI sthAnoMmeM jaina-tIrthoM kI saMkhyA bhI caurAsI dekhane meM AI hai| jaina loga jo caurAsI lakSa jIva-yoni ko saMkhyA batAte haiM usakI gaNanA isa prakAra hai-pRthvIkAya 7 lakSa, apakAya 7 lakSa, tejakAya 7 lakSa, vAyukAya 7 lakSa, pratyeka banaspatikAya 10 lakSa, sAdhAraNa vanaspatikAya 14 lakSa, do indriyavAle 2 lakSa, tIna indriya vAle 2 lakSa, cAra indriyavAle 2 lakSa, devayoni 4 lakSa, narakayoni 4 lakSa, tiryaMca pacendriya 4 lakSa aura manuSyayoni 14 lakSa-saba milA kara 84 lkss| __ jainiyoM meM isa caurAsI aGka kA vyavahAra aura bhI bahuta se sthAnoM meM milatA hai| jaise ki inake prathama tIrthaMkara zrI RSabhadeva bhagavAna kI Ayu caurAsI lakSa pUrva varSa kI thI ityaadi| inake atirikta

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*prAdhAvalI. caurAsI cauhaTTa kahe jAte haiN| yaha saMkhyA bhI kalpita-sI hai, kAraNa cauhaTToM kI saMkhyA meM kama-vezI ho sakatI hai| digambara jaina loga mathurA ke pAsa vRndAvana ke gastemeM eka sthAna ko bhI 'caurAsI' kahate haiM, aura vahAM antima kevalI zrI jambusvAmI kA nirvANa mAnate haiN| parantu ve loga sthAnakA nAma caurAsI honekA kucha kAraNa nahIM batAte haiN| isI prakAra isa caurAsI aGka kA vyavahAra prAcIna kAlase nAnA khAnameM nAnA prakArase dekhane meM AtA hai parantu isakA koI gUr3ha tatva athavA aura koI vizeSa rahasya merI dRSTi meM nahIM aayaa| AzA hai ki purAtattva-premI sajana isa viSaya ko dhyAna meM rakhakara bhaviSya meM isa para aura bhI prakAza ddaaleNge| caurAsI Asana 1 adhvAsana 15 urddhasaMyuktapAdAsana 28 granthibhedanAsana 2 ardha kurmAsana 16 uSTrAsana 26 cakrAsana 3 ardha padmAsana 17 ekapAda vRkSAsana 30 jyeSThikAsana 4 ardha pAdAsana 18 aMguSThAsana 31 tADAsana 5 apAnAsana 16 kArmukAsana 32 tristambhAsana 6 artha vRkSAsana 20 kukkuTAsana 33 dakSiNa caturthAsa 7 agha zavAsana 21 kUrmAsana pAdAsana (gomukhAsana ) 34 dakSiNa pAdapavana 6 upadhAnAsana 22 kokilAsana mukAsana 10 utkaTAsana 23 kaMdapIDanAsana 35 dakSiNapAdazirAsana 11 uttAna kUrmAsana 24 khaMjanAsana 36 dAkSaNa pAda. 12 utthita vivekAsana 25 garbhAsana trikoNAsana 13 urddha padmAsana 26 garuDAsana 37 dakSiNa tarkAsana 14 urddha dhanuzAsana 27 gorakhAsanamadrAsana 38 dakSiNAsana 22

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* prabandhAvalI * gamanAsana 36 dvipAda pAsana 58 vAma jAnvAsana 73 bhujaMgAsana 40 dvipAda zirAsana 56 bAma trikoNAsana 74 matsyAsana 41 r3hAsana 60 bAmadakSiNa 75 matsyendrAsana 42 dhanuSAsana pAdAsana 76 mayUrAsana 43 dhorAsana tathA 61 vAma dakSiNa ma 77 muktahasta vRkSApana dakSiNa pAda dhArAsana gamanAsana 78 maMDukAsana 44 niHzvAsAsana 62 vAmapAda apAna 76 yonyAsana 45 pavana muktAsana 80 lolAsana 46 pavanAsana 63 bAma pAda pavana 81 zavAsana 47 parvatAsana muktAsana 82 zalabhAsana 48 pUNapAda trikoNa 64 bAma bakrAsana 83 sarvAGgAsana 46 pUNa pAdAsana 65 bAma bhujAsana 84 samAnAsana 50 pUrva tarkAsana 66 bAma zAsvAsana 85 siddhAsana 51 prArthanAsana 67 bAma siddhAsana 86 siMhAsana (vyAghra0) 52 prANAsana 68 bAma hasta catu. 87 sthitavivekAsana 53 prAr3hAsana koNAsana 88 sthirAsana (vAmArddha padmAsana) 66 bAmahasta 86 svastikAsana 54 baddhapadmAsana bhayaGkarAsana 10 hasta bhujAsana 55 bAtAyanAsana 70 bAmahasta bhujAsana 61 hasta vRkSAsana 56 vAma arddha pAdAsana 71. vIrAsana 62 haMsAsana 57 vAma aguSThAsana 72 vRkSAsana 13 kSemAsana caurAsI saMga 5 imanI 1 amaliyA ___kasoTI 2 ahavA 6 isatra ( saMgesama ) 10 kAMsalA 3 AlemAnI 6 upala 11 kudarata saMga 4 Arage 8 kaTelA(jAmuniyAM) 12 svAga

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* prabandhAvalI * 166 * 13 gavA 38 pannA 14 gundar3I 36 pAyajahara 15 gomeda 40 pArasa 16 gorI saGga 41 pitoniyA 17 gaudantA 42 pITakavujhAvA 18 citI 43 pukharAja 16 jajemAnI 44 phirojA 20 jar3asaGga 45 bAMzI saMga 21 jagharajaTTa 46 bilora 22 jaharamUrA 17 veruja 23 DaMga 48 makar3I saMga 24 DheDI saGga 46 makanAtisa 25 tAmar3A 50 maragaja 26 turamulI 51 maravara saMga 27 turaSAvA 52 mariyama 28 teliA 53 mANika 26 dAracanA 54 muSA saMga 30 dAhana phiraGga 55 mUMgA 31 dAMtalA 56 motI 32 dUranajapha 57 rattaka yA ratavA 33 ghonelA 58 rATa saMga 34 narama 56 lazuniyAM 35 nIlA 60 lAjavarada 36 panadhana 61 lAsa saMga 37 pAtharo 62 lAlar3I Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat 63 lIlI 64 ludhiyA 65 zADDayA 66 zirakhaDI yA saMga jarAhata 67 sapharI 68 sitArA saMga 66 siyA saMga 70 siriyA 71 sIGgalI 72 somAka saGga 73 sovAra saGga 74 suramA saMga 75 sAnelA 76 solemAnI. 71 sohAnamakhI vA sonAmakSi 78 hakika 76 hakika kulavAhAra 80 hajaralayaha yA hAubera 81 hadida 82 hAlana 83 hAvAsa 85 hIga www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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*170 * * bAMdhAralI * caurAsI jJAtina CC 1 agravAla 2 acchitavAla 3 aSTavagI 4 AThasaSA 5 ANaMdorA 6 osavAla 7 kaSTi 8 kapola 6 karahI 10 kAliyA 11 kATa 12 kAthaurA 13 koraMTavA 14 kavI 15 khaMkheravA 16 khaMDelavAla 17 gujaravA 18 golAvA 16 causaSA 20 citrADA 21 cItauDA 22 caMDAyanA 23 jAgaDA 24 jAlaharA. 25 jAyasavAla 26 jAMbUsa 27 jiTADA 28 jIDIsa 26 jeharANA 30 DIDUvAla 31 tilaurA 32 tisau 33 dIsAvAla 34 dosaSI 35 dohila 36 dhADaka 37 narasiMghaurI 38 nAurA 36 nAgadrahA 40 nAgara 41 nAnAvAla 42 nImA 43 padmAvatI puravAla 44 pallIvAla 45 paMcama 46 purakaravAla 47 poravAla 48 ghagdhU 46 bagheravAla 50 bayasa 51 baMgaTa 52 baMdhaNo 53 baMbha 54 brAhmANI ___+ ina caurAso jAti zrAvakoMke nAma prAcIna patrase diye gaye haiN| bIkAnerase prakAzita 'mahAjanavaMza muktAvalI' ke pR0 164 meM 84 baNika jAtike nAma chape haiN| usa tAlikAmeM ina nAmoMse kucha pheraphAra hai / aisI tAlikA 'jainasampradAya zikSA' nAmaka pustakake pR0 686 meM bhI prakAzita huI hai aura isameM gujarAta aura dakSiNa-prAntake caurAsI yAtoMko tAlikAyeM bhI haiN|

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* prabandhAvalI* 55 bAca 56 bAyaDA 57 bAlamI 58 bhaTerA 56 bhaDiyA 60 bhAbhU 61 bhUgaDA 62 bhogiuDA 63 maDAhaDA 64 mahuvara 65 mAghayara 66 meDatavAla 67 mevAr3A 68 moDha 66 rAjaurA 70 rustakI 71 lADa 72 zrIkhaMDerI 73 zrIguru 74 zrImAla 75 sAcauga 76 suhaDayA 77 sUrANA 78 sodhati 76 sonIvAla 80 soratiyA 81 sohariyA 82 harAsArA 83 hAlara 84 hUMvaDa 1 akIka haTTa 2 aphINa 3 amala 4 iMdhaNa 5 kaDava 6 kapAsa * kaserA 8 kaMdoI 6 kAgala 10 kAchI 11 kApaDa caurAsI cauhaTTe * 12 kIlikA 13 kuMbhakAra 14 kUDiyA 15 galiyAra 16 gaMdharva 17 gaMdhI 18 gAMchA 16 gulanI 20 ghAMcIno 21 ghovaTI 22 citerA 23 copAvaTI 24 chopA 25 javAhara 26 jIrNazAlA 27 joDA 28 talAvaTi 26 tUnArA 30 trApaDiyA 31 dAMta 32 dUdha 33 dogavalI * hAToMke ye nAma bhI prAcIna patrase likhe gaye haiN| cauhaTToM arthAt maMriyoM ke nAmoMkI tAlikA kisI jagaha prakAzita mere dekhane meM nahIM bhAI hai|

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*172 * * prabandhAvalI* 34 dosI 35 nANa 36 nApita 37 nAlikera 38 nistI 36 norAga 40 paTuA 41 paTTakUla 42 parISada 43 pastAka 44 pAnanI 45 pravAla 46 phaDa 47 phUla 48 phophalIya 46 bakara 50 baliyAra 51 bAjitra 52 biMdhaga 53 vezyA 54 vaMdyaka 55 bhaDabhujA 56 bharavAra 57 bhAMgUr3A 58 bhaMsA 56 maNIyAra 60 maMjI 61 mAMDaviyA 62 mocI 63 raMgareja 64 laSera 65 luhAra 66 lUNa 67 lohanI 68 zastra 66 pAmara 70 pIjara 71 beDAgara 72 sakaha 73 satUbhArA 74 sarahiA 75 sarANiyA 76 sAkara 77 sAMthariyA 78 silAva 76 suI 80 sunAra 81 suvarNa 82 suSaDI 83 sUtra 84 sUtrahAra cArAso gaccha 1 ucchitavAla ___6 kAcheliyA 2 oTaviyA 10 kiharasA 3 osavAla 11 kutubapurA :: kanakapurA 12 kUtrorA 5 kanojiyA 13 koDIpurA 6 kamala kalasA 14 koraMTavAla 7 kaMdoSiyA 15 kharatara 8 kaMbojiyA 6 khaMbhAyA Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat 17 gacchapAla 18 gaMgesaga 16 ghaMghodhArA 20 ghoSavAla 21 citrAvAla 22 cotauDA 23 jAvaDA 24 jAlaurA www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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*pradhAvalI. 25 jAMgaDA 26 jIrAulA 27 jheTiyA 2. tapAgaccha 26 trAMgaDiyA 30 thaMbhaNA 31 dakaharA 32 dAsahiyA 33 dekavADiyA 3. dovaMdaNIka 35 dharmaghoSa 36 dhaMdhUSA 37 nagarako 38 nAgadahA 39 nAgaravAla 40 nAgorItamA 41 nADolA 42 nANAvAla 43 pallIvAla 44 pAlhaNapuga 45 pAMcavahali 46 pUrNa tila 47 bagheravAla 48 baDagancha 46 baDauMdiyA 50 baheDiyA 51 ghAMpaNA 52 viANA 53 vijAharA 54 virejIvAla 55 begaDA 56 beliyA 57 vokaDiyA 58 borasiMhA 56 brahmANiyA 60 bhaTanerA 61 bharuachA 62 bhAvarAjiyA 63 minnamAla 64 bhImaseniyA 65 maghoDiyA 66 maladhArA 67 maMDAliyA 68 maMDAhaDA 66 maMdhANA 70 maMdhorA 71 muraMDavAla 72 muhasoraDiyA 73 rAmaseniyA 74 bhadoliyA 79 revatI 76 saMjatIyA 77 sAcaurA 78 sADerA 76 siddhAMtiyA 80 sugaNA 81 sevaMtariyA 82 soraThiyA 83 soSArA 84 haMsArako 'vizAla-bhArata' va 3 khaNDa 2 aGka 3 (sitambara 1930) pR0 282-284

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lokamAnya kA saMsmaraNa Aja maiM jisa patra ke liye do akSara likha rahA hUM vaha 'lokamAnya' hai, yaha nAma jaba kahIM sunane meM athavA dekhane meM AtA hai usa samaya bhArata ke sarvazreSTha puruSa kI smRti tAjI ho jAtI hai / usa puruSaratna lokamAnya ke prati janatA ne eka samaya kisa taraha kI agAdha bhakti aura zraddhA dikhalAI thI, tathA hArdika premakA paricaya diyA thA, usakA dRzya mere netroM ke sanmukha upasthita ho jAtA hai| vaha mere hRdayapaTapara aisA aGkita hai ki AjIvana bhUlA nahIM jA sakatA / bambaI kI vaha marmasparzI ghaTanA jo maiMne usa samaya dekhI thI, vaisI zAyada hI kahIM dekhane meM AyagI / purAtatva viSaya zodhakA premI honeke kAraNa pUneke prasiddha bhAMDAra - kara purAtatva bhavanako eka bAra dekhanekI merI icchA bahuta samaya se thii| eka bAra kAThiyAvAr3akI yAtrAkA irAdAkara maiM bambaI pahuMcA / usa samaya aitihAsika vidvAn muni jinavijayajI aura mere mitra svargIya Ara0 DI0 banarjI sAheba pUnemeM the / bambaI pahuMca kara maiMne pUne jAnekA nizcaya kiyA aura yathA samaya pUneke darzanIya sthAna dekhakara aura muni mahArAja ke Atithya kA saubhAgya prApta karaneke bAda bambaI lauTa aayaa| yahAM kucha samaya rahakara zIghra hI khAne honekA vicAra kara rahA thA / isIliye zAmako samAna vagairaha kharIdaneke liye bAjAra meM gayA thA / maiM eka dUkAna meM thA, vahIM lokamAnyajI kI pIr3A vRddhi aura saMkaTApanna dazAkI khabara milii| khabarakA pahuMcanA thA ki bAjAra kI sabhI dukAneM banda hone lagIM / sarvatra sannATA chA gayA, mAno logoMke apane apane gharameM hI koI mahAna vipada upasthita huI

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*pradhAvalI. * 175. ho| DeremeM lauTane para jJAta huA ki tilaka mahArAjakI vyAdhi asAdhya ho gaI hai| kArya samApta kara lauTane ke eka dina pUrva TikaTa lekara sthAna rijarva karAneko jyoM hI sTezana kI tarapha agrasara huA ki eka bar3A hI avarNanIya dRzya dekhaa| sTezana para pahuMcate hI sArA pleTaphArma, jo hara samaya janAkIrNa rahatA thA, prAyaH janazUnya thaa| daphtaromeM jahAM saikar3oM karmacArI apane apane kAryameM tatpara dikhAI dete the vahAM do ekake sivA koI najara na AtA thaa| pUchanepara mAlma huA ki Aja lokamAnya bAlagaMgAdhara tilaka isa asAra saMsArase kRva kara gye| relave karmacAriyoMko isa dina anya kAryoMkI byavasthA karanI.kaThina ho gaI thii| saberese bArambAra kevala pUnekI orase spezala TreneM A rahI thiiN| tilaka mahArAjake kuTumbiyoMke atirikta hajAroM naranArI usa puruSazreSThake antima darzana kI lAlasAse sajala nayana hokara cale A rahe the| maiM to pahale hI vahAM kI bhIr3a dekhakara hatabuddhi sA ho gayA thA phira ukta khabarase aura bhI viSAdita ho gyaa| bhIr3a se Ubakara Dere lauTanekA vicAra kiyA parantu sTezana se bAhara Anepara janasrota dekhakara Age bar3hanekI himmata na huii| saba loga zokameM sira nIcA kiye hue, eka hI bhAvameM DUbe hue dhIre-dhIre agrasara ho rahe the| nIravatA chAI huI thii| kisIke mukhase eka zabda taka nahIM nikalatA thaa| lokamAnya jIkI athoM pIchese A rahI thii| sArezaharameM jalUsake ghUmanekI bAta thii| jalUsa ko Adise anta taka dekhanekI icchAse, maiM galiyoMkI rAha, kAlavA. devIke nikaTa javerI-bAjAra pahuMcA aura eka paricita mitrakI dukAna para kaThinAI se jAkara baitthaa| gastekI donoM paTTIkI dukAnoM aura makAnoMpara pahale hI se loga ThasAThasa bhara gaye the| manuSyoMko bhIr3ase rAste astitvakA lopa sA pratIta hotA thaa| jalUsa kyA thA, sArA zahara hI umar3a par3A thaa| jidhara dRSTi par3atI thI naramuNDa hI namuNDa dikhAI par3ate the| hindU, musalamAna, pArasI, mAravADI, 23

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* 176 * * prabandhAvalI* paMjAdhI, dakSiNI, madrAsI saba jAti aura dharmavAle dalake dala sammilita the| vahI Dhola karatAlake sAtha usa mahApuruSakI prazaMsA gIta gAye jA rahe the| kahIM mRdaGga maMjIrakI dhvanise unakI kIrti kahAnI varNita ho rahI thii| bar3I bhakti aura zAntike sAtha loga janAjeko liye hue cale jA rahe the| taraha tarahake bhAva dilameM uThate the| sayakI AMkhoMmeM AMsU the aura diloMmeM AhoMke baadl| usa samaya ekatva bhAvakI jaisI parAkASThA dekhane meM AI vaisI kabhI nahIM aaii| jAti-nirvizeSase saba loga eka hI raMgameM raMge dikhAI dete the| yaha nizcaya hI usa dezabhakta mahAtmAkA hI prabhAva thA ki unake svargavAsake pazcAt bhI dezavAsiyoMke hRdaya meM isa prakArakA ucca bhAva jAgRta ho rahA thaa| jalUsake sAtha aMgareja bhI sammilita the parantu pulisakA eka bhI manuSya na dikhAI pdd'aa| tilaka mahArAna mahArASTrIya brAhmaNa the| unake vaMzameM yaha prathA calI AtI hai ki aura jAtiyoMkI bAta to dUra rahI, svayaM unhIMkI jAtike brAhmaNa bhI gharavAloM ko chor3akara, mRtadeha ko sparza nahIM kara skte| parantu yahAM to mAmalA hI kucha aura thA, hindU ke atirikta musalamAna, pArasI, yahUdI Adi sabhI loga janAje ko rathI ko kandhoM para rakhane ko lAlAyita the| ise ve mahAna puNya samajhate the aura sabhI loga rathI uThAte hue kla rahe the| rathI meM lokamAnya baiThI huI avasthA meM rakhe gaye the| puSpoMse, vaha pavitra rathI, Upara se nIce taka ladI huI thii| sAyaMkAla meM samudra taTapara unakI antyeSTi kriyA samApta huii| maiM caupATI ke nikaTa eka makAna ke Upara se yaha dRzya dekha rahA thaa| mujhe mAlUma huA ki hinduoM kA jo sAdhAraNa zmazAna hai vahAM 23 hajAra manuSyoM se adhika ke Thaharane kI guJjAyaza nahIM hai, lekina yahAM to lAkhoM kI saMkhyA thii| netAoM ko bar3I ghavarAhaTa huii| ve loga kArporezana ke meyara ke pAsa gaye aura samudra taTapara zava dAha kI AjJA maaNgii| unake asamarthatA pragaTa karanepara saba

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* prabandhAvalI. loga gavarnara sAhaba ke pAsa daudd'e| ve bhI kucha na kara sake aura prazna porTa kamiznara para chor3a diyaa| sUratanivAsI svargIya seTha gulAvacanda devavanda Adi netAoM ke prayatna karane para porTa kamiznara sAhabane, isa zartapara ki bhaviSya meM agni-saMskAra ke sthAna para koI smRti-ciha na bane, vahAM zava-dAha kI AjJA de dii| citAgni dhadhaka dhadhaka kara jalane lgii| stro, puruSa, choTe, bar3e lAkhoM ke netroM ke sanmukha usa puruSaratna kA bhautika zarIra bhasmIbhUta hokara sadA ke liye anantAkAza meM vilIna ho gyaa| isa prakAra yaha pavitra smRti mere antasthala meM sarvadA ke liye avala ho gaI hai| hAya! vaise puruSa kyA duniyA ko phira kabhI nasIba hoMge? kAla kisI ko nahIM chor3atA! vidhi kA vidhAna hI bivitra hai !! 'lokamAnya'-divAlI vizeSAMka, 21 aktUbara 1930

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kalakatte meM kalA pradarzanI kalAcArya ThAkura mahodaya tathA sAhitya aura kalA premI mitroM aura sajanoM! Apa yaha mere liye bar3e hI saubhAgya tathA garva kI bAta hai ki Aja ApakA isa sthAnapara svAgata karane kA suavasara prApta huA hai| Apa saba sajanoM kA kalA sthApatya yatnatatva Adi viSayoMke pAraMgata vidvAna haiM isa bhavanameM ekatrita dekha kara mere hRdayameM Ananda kI jo bAr3ha A rahI haiM use zabdoM meM Apa ke sanmukha rakha sakU yaha zakti mere meM nahIM hai| AcArya mahodaya tathA sajano! jaba hindI sAhitya-sammelanakI orase paM0 gAMgeya narottama zAstrIne mujhe usake khole jAnevAlI prada. zanIkA bhAra denekA prastAva kiyA thA usa samaya maiM apane kaMdhoMpara uThA sakanekA bala nahIM pA rahA thA kintu icchA sadA yahI rahI ki yadi maiM hindI sAhitya sammelana tathA vidvAna-janatAkI sevAkara sakatA to yaha merA parama saubhAgya hotaa| anicchAse asvIkAra karanepara bhI zAstrIjI mahodaya tathA mitroMke Agrahane mujhe lAcAra kara diyA ki apane meM pUrI zakti na dekhate hue bhI unakA AjJA zirodhArya kruu| vRddhAvasthAmeM jJAna kI tRSNA to bar3hatI jAtI hai kintu zarIra pUrI sahA. yatA nahIM detA ki usako bujhAnekA samucita udyoga ho ske| isIliye maiM apane una mitroMkA tathA pradarzanI samitike sadasyoMkA sadA RNI rahUMgA jinhoMne apane anubhava tathA daihika balase merI manokAmanAko pUrNa karane meM koI kora kasara bAkI na rkho|

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*prabandhAvalI. *176. sajanoM ! merA harSa somAse bAhara ho jAtA hai jaba ki maiM Apako isa 'kumArasiMha hAla' meM ekatra dekhatA huuN| ise hamAre svargIya pitAjIne hamAre parama priya kaniSTa bhrAtAke smArakameM sthApita kiyA thaa| isa bhavanake Upara zrI Adideva bhagavAnakI mUrtikI pratiSThA karavAkara unhoMne isa mandirakA mahatva aura bhI bar3hA diyaa| svargIyA jyA mAtAjIke smArakameM isa tuccha sevakane eka pustakAlaya prAcIna mUrtiyoM tathA vitroMkA eka saMgrahAlaya sthApita kiyA hai| isa saMgrahake viSaya meM maiM kucha kahanA nahIM caahtaa| Apa jaise deza videzoM ke guNiyoM, pArakhiyoM tathA kalAvantoMne apanI amUlya sammaniyAM pradAna kara merA utsAha bar3hAyA hai| bhArata ke prANa mahAtmA gAMdhI, paM. javA. hara lAla neharu Adi isa sthAnako pavitra kara cuke haiN| isa hAlako Apa bhI pavitra kara rahe haiM isase merA utsAha kaI gunA bar3ha gyaa| saboM! hama saba logoMke liye Aja eka suavasara upasthita huaa| yaha zubha sambAda hama saba logoMko vise gkara AhlAda kara hai ki akhila bhAratavarSIya hindI pAhitya sammelanake bIsaveM adhi. verA manonIta samArati hindoke mahAkavi aura apUrva vidvAna zrI jaganAya dAsajI ratrAkA hamAre bIvo padhAre hai| sabase adhika hakA vima to hamAre lie yaha hai ki isa 'kupAra siMha hAla' meM ApakA svAgata karane kA yaha pahalA suprAsara isa suyogale hameM de diyaa| upasthita kalA marmajJa sajanoM ! bhAratIya citra tathA sthApasya kalA. prAcIna sike, hastalikhita graMtha AdimeM idhara bhArata bharameM rASTrIya jAgRSike kAraNa hmlo| adhika dhyAna dene lage haiM yaha dezake saubhAgya kA viSaya hai| mujhe vaha samaya paraNa hai :jaba kucha ine gine vidvAna hI isa kSetrameM kAma karane utare the| usa samaya ApakA prastuna sevaka isa kAryameM apanI zaktibhara lagA huA thaa| usakA thor3A bahuta phala Apa isa pradarzanI meM bhI dekheNge| sajanoM,

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* 180 * * prabandhAvalI bhAratIya kalAko punarjIvita karane kA sArA zreya to usa mahApuruSako hai jisane kRpA karake apane svAsthya kI vizeSa cintA na kara apanA bahumUlya samaya dekara pradarzanI kholaneke liye saharSa hamArA nimaMtraNa svIkAra kiyaa| DA0 avanIndra nAtha ThAkura tathA zrIyuta I0 vI0 hevela.sAhaba kA hI yaha udyoga hai ki Aja bhArata tathA saMsAra bhara meM hamArI: vitra kalAne gauravAspada sthAna prApta kiyA hai| sabase pahale perisakI sarva gaSTrIya citrakalA pradarzanImeM hamAre udghATaka mahodaya kA citra 'zAhajahA~ kI mRtyu' hI thA, jisane saMsAra kA dhyAna bhAratoya saundarya tathA rUpa raMga-rekhA-jJAnako ora khIMcA aura isa bhAratIya kRtiko dekha kara saMsAra bharameM halacala maca gyii| ApakA eka citra 'mahArAjA azokakI paTarAnI' samrAT paJcama jArja tathA samrAjJI apane sAtha le gyiiN| abhI taka vaha citra rAja prAsAdako suzobhita kara rahA hai| ApakI pratibhA 20 varSakI avasthAse hI camakane lagI thI aura jaba Apa 32 varSake hue usa samaya Apane gavarmenTa skUla Apha ArTameM adhyakSakA kAma bhI kiyaa| svargavAsI AzutoSa mukharjIne Apako kalakattA vizva vidyAlayameM lalita kalAkI bAgezvarI ceyarakA pahalA adhyApaka niyukta kiyaa| isase ApakA nahIM, kintu vizva vidyAlayakA gaurava bddh'aa| sarakArane bhI Apako kIrtika phala svarUpa Apako sI0 AI0 I0 ko upAdhise vibhUSita kiyaa| dekhiye ! kalA hI eka aisA viSaya hai jahAM lakSmI aura sarasvatI donoMkA samAveza dekhane meM AtA hai| vaidikayuga, bauddhayuga athavA yavA rAjyakAla jisa samaya rAjA, mahArAjA, dhanI mAnI loga kucha dharma kArya karane aura sthAyI kIrti tathA smAraka rakha jAnekI icchA karate the usa samaya ve loga ajastra artha vyaya karake acche-acche zilpI dvArA apane vicAroM ke nidarzana rUpa kIrtiyA~ banavAkara chor3a jAte the| jaba jisa samaya dhanavAna logoMko dharma aura jJAnakI ora prema hubA usa samaya ve loga apane arthakA sadupayoga karake kalAvit puruSoMko yojanAse nAnA prakArako vastueM taiyAra karavA kara akSaya korti chor3a

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* prabandhAvalI. * 181 * gye| unhIM kItiyoMkA kucha aMza :Aja Apa logoMke sammukha upasthita kiyA gayA hai| maiM aba una mitroMko dhanyavAda detA hUM jinhoMne apanI yaha saba amUlya sAmagrI hameM sauMpakara pradarzanI ko saphala banAnemeM hamArA hAtha baTAyA hai tathA jinhoMne zArIrika, mAnasika, aura anyaprakArase isa kAmameM sahAyatA dI hai| aba maiM Apa logoMkA samaya lenA nahIM cAhatA kevala apane sahayogI mitra DA. hemacandrajI jozIse anurodha karUgA ki Apa isa viSaya para apane kucha vicAra prakaTa kreN| khanAmadhanya jagata vikhyAta DA0 ravIndranAtha Taigora mahodayane bhI hindI sAhitya sammelanakI tathA sAhitya-pradarzanI kI pUrNa saphalatAke liye apanI Antarika zubhecchA kA saMdezA bhejA hai aura ve AzA rakhate haiM ki samasta sAhitya aura kalA-premI saccejana pArasparika ekatAke sacce bhAvase baMdhe rahakara kArya meM agrasara hote rheNge| akhila bhAratavarSIya hindI-sAhitya-sammelana, vIsavAM adhivezana ke avasara para 'sAhitya-pradarzanA' ke maMtrI padase diyA huA bhASaNa (saM0 1988)

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LIST OF WORKS & ARTICLES Works. An Epitome of Jainism Jain Inscriptions Part I Part II Part III Prakritsuktaratna mala " 19 Tirtha Pawapuri prathamAvalI aint size zrI pAvApurI tIrtha kA prAcIna itihAsa Articles. Prakrit Poems Jain Swetambar Conference Herald Vol. IV 1908 ) Rajgir Jain Inscription (The Journal of the Bihar & Orissa Research Society Vol. V September, 1919) A Note on the Jaina Classical Sanskrit Literature (Second Oriental Conference, Calcutta, 1922 ) The Genealogy of the Jagat Seths of Murshidabad (The Fifth Indian Historical Records Commission, Calcutta, 1923) Pawapuri Temple Prasasti (The Indian Historical Quarterly Vol. I No. I 1925) Jain Bibliography (Jain Gazette Vol. XXII 1926 ) Inscription at Dasturhat (Murshidabad) 1754, A.D. (Bengal Past & Present Vol. XXXV 1928) A Note on the Swetambar and Digambar Sects, (The Indian Antiquary, September, 1929) The Jain Tradition of the Origin of Pataliputra (Sixth All India Oriental Conference, Patna, 1930)

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( 2 ) Some Materials relating to the Life and Time of Tirthankara Mahavira (Oswal Navayuvak Vol. V 1932) Antiquity of the Jain Sects (The Indian Antiquary Vol. LXI, 1932) Trilingual Inscription (1734 A.D.) (Indian Historical Quarterly Vol. X, 1934) Note on Two Jain Images from South India (Indian Culture Vol. I, 1934) A Note on the Kings and Emperors of Delhi (Indian Culture Vol. II No. I, 1935) jain drshne dhyaan (cturdsh bnggiiy' saahity smmiln (daarshnik shaakhaa) 1330] aasaamer ktipy' hindu nrpti [cturdsh bnggiiy' saahity smmiln| | ( itihaas shaakhaa)] murshidaabaader ky'ekkhaani lipi ( saahity priss-ptrikaa 24 bhaag-3y' sNkhyaa) murshidaabaader ekttii praaciin lipi ( saahity priss ptrikaa ektriNsh bhaag 1m sNkhyaa) jain muur'tti tttber sNkssipt bibrnn (bnggiiy' saahity smmilner | pnycdsh adhibeshne itihaas shaakhaay' ptthit 1331) prjaabRnder prti--dutti kthaa (1922) shbetaambr o digmbr smprdaay'er praaciin (unbiNsh bnggiiy' saahity smmiln 1336) bhgbaan paarshnaath jain bhaaskryer nmunaa (bngglkssmii baishaakh-1340 ) jain mte jiibe dy'aa-- ( prbaasii 1321-agrhaay'nn 2y' khnndd 2y' sNkhyaa) rAjagRha tathA nAlandA (aaNr'aant ny' , taai ?3)

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