________________
Introduction
59
We do not get many forms of personal Pronouns in P-prakasa hau" and tuhu" are quite usual, and we get mahu (Gen. sg.) and mahu tanai-madtyena (II. 186). Some important forms of the demonstrative pronouns are noted below for example:
Nom.
sg. ihu or thu, chau; ku or kö; ju or jo; so.
pl. e or ei; je: te, ki or ka' Acc.
sg. kö; jo; so. Ins.
sg. jim. je, jena; tim, te tena. Gen.
sg. jasu, jasu; tasu. tasu, tahu” (II. 78)
pl. jäha, jahao; taha, laha". P.-prakasa uses kavuna or kavanu (11.171), kai“ (I. 27) and ki (I. 98) for Interrogative kim; and anyat is changed to annu (11. 45) and anu (11 44).
Verbal Forms--Some typical verbal forms may be noted here to get an idea of the forms used in P.-prakasa. Present : 1st p. sg. vandau" (1.4), kahēvi (-mi ? I. 11), bhanami (1. 30); 2nd p. sg. měllahi (1. 12), hohi (II. 14); 3rd p. sg. vilat (II. 80), vai (Il. 82), havēl (I, 13), pl. acchahi" (I. 5), vaccahi" (II. 4), li (12) mti (ll. 91), hunti or horti (II. 103). Some Imperative forms that are available : 2nd p. sg. joni (1. 107, II. 38). joi (II. 34). sivi (1. 95), janu (1. 94, etc.) laggu (II. 127). Typical Future forms that are available : 2nd p. sg. karisi (II. 125), gamisi (II. 141), lahisi (II. 141), sahisi (Il. 125); 3rd p. sg. karisal (II. 188), lohisai (11. 47), hosal (II. 130, 168). Hémacandra has noted all the available Present and Imperative forms of this text (iv. 382-3, 385, 387). The socalled 2nd p. sg. forms of the Future noted above are at times treated as those of Present and at times of Future by Brahmadeva. Their nature is much uncertain. If they belong to Present, they are to be deduced from the forms like karosi in Prakrit; if to Future, they are contractions from forms like karihisi of the Prakrit. Though not generalised by him, forms like karisu, pavisu are met with in Hēma.'s illustrations (iv. 396); and the Sk, shade takes them as Future 1st p. sg. forms. The Absolutive terminations in this text are -vi, + ivi, + ivi, + avi, and + dviņu as in dēvi (II. 57), měllivi (1. 92), dharivi (II. 25). pariharavi (11. 4), muēvinu and lahavinu (11. 9, 1. 85); and there is only one form showing the termination + éppiņu, mutppiņu (Il. 47). Besides the above ones, Hēma. gives + i, + iü, +eppi, as the Absolutive terminations, but they are not found in this text. The typical forms of the Infinitive of purpose are: sahaņa or sahanu (II. 120), samthavana (Il. 137). lēnaha (II. 87), munahu (1. 23). Excepting munahu which occurs only once in our text, all others are generalised by Hema. (iv. 441) with whom some Gerund terminations also are used for Infinitive. 1. Indeclinables, etc.-In this paragraph all the Indeclinables, etc. are noted with their Sk. counterparts alphabetically arranged. arra = itthu or étthu (I. 101, II. 211); idrs! - eht (II. 157); ova - ji (1. 96, etc.); dvam - emu (l. 65) or eu" or iuo (II. 73); katham = kēma or keva (1. 121); kiyat - kětriü or kittiü (II. 141); kutra - kötthu or kitthu (II. 47), also kahi" (l. 90); jhafiti - jhatri (II. 184); naiva = navi (1. 31, etc.); tatra - tělthu or titthu (I 111, II. 137), also tahi' (II. 162); tatha = tēma or tima, tēmu or timu, or even nasalised v for m (1. 102, 85. etc.); tada (?) - tāmal or tavai (Il. 41, 174); tad sa - tēhai (11, 149); tavat - ta, tama, also tava or tāmu (1. 108, II. 81); tavanmátra - tăttadaü or tittida ü (1.105); punar - punu (1l. 211); má=ma, man, mana (1 101, 1!. 107, 109); yatra and yatha correspond
Jain Education International
For Private & Personal Use Only
www.jainelibrary.org
