Jain Tattva Sara

Author(s): Kanhiyalal Lodha
Publisher: Prakrit Bharati Academy
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/022864/1

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jainatattva sAra (jIva, ajIva, pApa, puNya, Asava, saMvara, nirjarA, bandha evaM mokSA tattvoM kA sAra saMgraha) kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA

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prAkRta bhAratI puSpa - 336 jaina tattva sAra (jIva, ajIva, pApa, puNya, Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, bandha evaM mokSa tattvoM kA sAra saMgraha) kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI, jayapura

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prakAzakaH prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI 13-e, guru nAnaka patha, mena mAlavIya nagara, jayapura-302017 dUrabhASa : 0141- 2524827, 2520230 lekhakaH kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA 82/127, mAnasarovara, jayapura dUrabhASa - 0141-2785356 mo. 094137-64911 ISBNNo. 978-93-81571-38-5 saMskaraNa : 2015 mUlya : Rs 250 /(c) prakAzakAdhIna lejara TAipa seTiMga prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI, jayapura mudrakaH rAja prinTarsa, jayapura mo. 09982066620 jainatattva sAra lekhaka : kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA / 2014 prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI, jayapura This book is printed on Eco-friendly paper.

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jaina darzana meM prakRti ke mUlabhUta tattvoM ke viSaya meM gahana cintana kiyA gayA hai| pAramparika sAhitya meM tattvoM ke AdhyAtmika pahaluoM kI carcA para hI adhika jora diyA gayA hai| jaina darzana meM mAnava jIvana kI sArthakatA mukti prApti ko batAyA hai| mukti kA artha bandhanarahita honA athavA svAdhIna honA hai| jaina dharma meM mukti prApti yA mokSa sAdhanA kI dRSTi se navatattva mahattvapUrNa haiN| AgamAnusAra tattvoM kA vivecana saMkSipta, sarala va sulabha bhASA meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai| zrI kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA sA. dvArA pUrva meM navatattvoM para jIva, ajIva, puNya, pApa, Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, bandha evaM mokSa sabhI para Agamika, vaijJAnika vyAkhyA sahita vizleSaNa prastuta kiyA hai| isa pustaka meM jaina darzana meM bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA pradatta sabhI tattvoM ko sAra rUpa meM ekatrita karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai, tAki jo pAThaka saMkSipta aura kama samaya meM kisI tattva ko jAnanA cAhe to isa pustaka ke mAdhyama se jAna sakate haiN| prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI dvArA pUrva meM ApakI kaI pustakeM prakAzita ho cukI haiM / lekhaka zrI kanhaiyAlAlajI lor3hA jaina dharma ke mUrdhanya vidvAna haiN| Apa karma siddhAnta ke zreSThatama vidvAna haiM tathA eka ucca koTi ke sAdhaka haiN| hameM AzA hai ki lekhaka kI yaha 'jainatattva sAra' pustaka bhI sudhI pAThakoM ke lie upayogI siddha hogii| prakAzana se jur3e sabhI sadasyoM ko dhanyavAda! devendrarAja mehatA saMsthApaka evaM mukhya saMrakSaka prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI, jayapura

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prAkkathana jIva-ajIva tattva 2. pApa-puNya tattva 3. Asava-saMvara tattva nirjarA tattva 107 - 149 150 - 230 5. bandha tattva 6. mokSa tattva 231 - 271 jainatattva sAra [V]

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prAkkathana jaina darzana kA lakSya mokSa prApta karanA hai| mokSa prApti meM tattvajJAna kA vizeSa mahattva hai| tattvajJAna meM navatattva kahe haiM:- 1. jIva, 2. ajIva, 3. puNya, 4. pApa, 5. Asrava, 6. saMvara, 7. nirjarA, 8. baMdha aura 9. mokSa / yathA: jIvAjIvA puNNaM pAvAsavasaMvaro ya nijjrnnaa| baMdho mukkho ya tahA navatattA huMti nnaayvvaa|| prastuta pustaka ke lekhaka ne cetana-acetana kA varNana 'jIva-ajIva tattva' pustaka meM, zubhayoga aura azubhayoga ke svarUpa kA vivecana 'puNya aura pApa tattva' pustaka meM, azubhayoga kI pravRtti kA vivecana Asrava-tattva ke rUpa meM, azubha yoga ke nirodha kA vivecana saMvara tattva ke rUpa meM 'Asrava-saMvara tattva' pustaka meM, azubhayoga aura kaSAya se utpanna Asrava se karmabaMdha hone kA vivecana 'baMdha tattva' pustaka meM, para padArtha ke saMyogajanita mamatA kA saMbaMdha-viccheda kara karma-kSaya karane kA vivecana 'nirjarA tattva' pustaka meM tathA pUrNa nirdoSa, niSkalaMka, nizcinta, nirbhaya, svAdhIna va paramasukha pAne kA vivecana evaM mArgadarzana 'mokSa-tattva' pustaka meM kiyA gayA hai| jainAcArya zrI hastImalajI ma.sA. ke sAnnidhya meM likhita 'jaina tattva praznottarI' pustaka meM bhI navatattva kA varNana hai| mokSa-mArga kI prApti ke lie yoga-sAdhanA ke rUpa meM lekhaka ne jaina dharma meM dhyAna, kAyotsarga, vItarAgayoga, dhyAna zataka kA anuvAda, vItarAga dhyAna kI prakriyA, vipazyanA evaM pAtaMjala yogasUtra abhinava nirUpaNa pustakeM bhI likhI haiM tathA du:kha rahita sukha, sakArAtmaka ahiMsA, jaina dharma, jIvana dharma pustakoM kA lakSya bhI mokSaprApti karanA rahA hai| ina sabameM zrutajJAna (tattvajJAna) kA hI vivecana hai| ___pUrvokta saba pustakeM maiMne zrI devendrarAjajI mehatA kI mahatI kRpA evaM preraNA se likhI haiN| Apane ina para pramoda vyakta karate hue navatattva ke sAra rUpa meM 'navatattva jainatattva sAra [ VII ]

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sAra' evaM yoga ke sAra rUpa meM 'amanaska yoga' likhane ke lie mujhe protsAhita kiyaa| ataH ApakI hI preraNA se yaha 'jainatattva sAra' pustaka likha rahA huuN| uparyukta pustakoM meM jIva - ajIva tattva se lekara mokSa tattva taka sampUrNa nava hI tattvoM kA vivecana Agama evaM karma siddhAnta ke Aloka meM, sarva sAdhAraNa ke jIvana ke anubhava evaM jJAna ke anurUpa sarala bhASA meM kiyA gayA hai / jisase sAdhaka pAThaka preraNA prApta kara, sahI AcaraNa apanAkara kalyANa sAdha sake / prastuta tattvajJAna sAra pustaka meM vistRta varNana na kara saMkSepa meM nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| sAtha meM navatattvoM para prakAzita pustakoM kI bhUmikA, prAkkathana evaM Amukha (sampAdakIya) kA bhI samAveza kiyA gayA hai, jinase mUla pustakoM meM pratipAdita tattvoM kI sArarUpa jAnakArI prApta ho skegii| jaina tattva sAra pustaka meM tattvoM kA vivecana saMketa mAtra hai, usakA vAstavika va pUrNa rUpa mUla pustakeM par3hane se hI samajhA jA sakatA hai / mukti aura tattvabodha jaina dharma meM mukti prApti kI sAdhanA kA mUlAdhAra samyagdarzana hai arthAt satya kA sAkSAtkAra karanA hai / satya hI vAstavika tattva va tathya hai| satya kA sAkSAtkAra va pratyakSa anubhava karanA hI tattva bodha hai| 'satya' zabda sat se banA hai arthAt jisakI sattA sadA rahe, jisameM kabhI bhI, kahIM bhI, parivartana nahIM ho, dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to jo svayaM siddha ho, jo sabake lie samAna ho arthAt sArvajanIna ho, apauruSeya ho, jo saba kAla meM eka-sA rahe arthAt sArvakAlika va sanAtana ho, kala se aprabhAvita ho, kAlAtIta ho, akAlika ho, jo saba sthAnoM meM samAna rahe, sArvabhaumika ho, jo saba sthitiyoM meM samAna rahe, paristhitiyoM se prabhAvita nahIM ho, vaha satya hai / zAnti, pUrNatA, svAdhInatA, amaratva Adi sabhI ko sadA sarvadA, sarvatra iSTa haiN| inakI iSTatA kA jJAna mAnava mAtra ko svataH prApta hai, kisI ko inakI iSTatA ko jAnane ke lie indriya, mana va buddhi ke jJAna kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai arthAt yaha svayaM siddha nija jJAna hai, isI ko viveka bhI kahA hai / inako prApta hue binA kisI ko bhI santuSTi nahIM hotI hai / jo svataH sadA sarvadA, sarvatra prApta ho, jisakA abhAva kabhI nahIM ho, vaha hI satya hai, svabhAva hai| jisakA nAza ho jAya, jo kabhI iSTa ho, kabhI iSTa nahIM ho, vaha vibhAva hai, vaha aniSTa hai| isake viparIta azAnti, abhAva, parAdhInatA Adi kisI ko bhI iSTa nahIM hai, parantu bhrAnti se iSTa [ VIII ] jainatattva sAra

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bhAsatI hai jaise makAna milane meM va kAra milane se apane nivAsa va jAne-Ane meM vyakti apane ko svAdhIna honA mAnatA hai, parantu vAstava meM to vaha apane nivAsa meM makAna ke AdhIna hai, jAne-Ane meM kAra ke parAdhIna hai| isI prakAra dekhane, sunane, khAne-pIne, Adi kI jo vastueM kabhI iSTa lagatI haiM ve hI kAlAntara meM aniSTa lagatI haiM, ataH yaha svabhAva nahIM hai, vikAra hai, vibhAva hai| svabhAva meM sthita honA hI mokSa hai| svabhAva meM sthita hone meM satya kA anubhava karane meM mAnava mAtra saba kAla meM, sarva dezoM meM, saba paristhitiyoM meM svAdhIna va samartha hai, isameM lezamAtra bhI parAdhInatA nahIM hai| isa dRSTi se zAnti, svAdhInatA, amaratva, cinmayatA prApta karane meM mAnava mAtra, saba kAla, saba kSetra, saba paristhiti meM samartha evaM svAdhIna hai, kyoMki ye sabako sadaiva, sarvathA prApta hI haiM, kevala vyakti apane svayaMsiddha nija jJAna kA anAdara kara inase vimukha huA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki vyakti indriya jJAna ke AdhAra para, indriyoM ke viSaya bhogoM kI anukUlatA ko sukhada, sundara va sthAyI mAnakara unakI sukhAsakti meM, sukha lolupatA kI dAsatA meM arthAt inake rAga meM Abaddha ho gayA hai| jabaki vAstavikatA yaha hai ki indriyoM ke viSaya aura inake sAdhana zarIra, indriya Adi va inakA sukha nazvara hai, kSaNabhaMgura hai, asthAyI hai| sar3ana-galana yukta hone se inakI sundaratA bhI kurUpatA meM parivartita hone vAlI hai| parantu indriya jJAna ke prabhAva se mAnava viSayabhogoM ke sukha kI dAsatA meM Abaddha ho jAtA hai, jisase kAmanA, mamatA, dehAbhimAna, rAga, dveSa, moha Adi doSa utpanna hote haiM aura inake phala ke rUpa meM prANI azAnti, abhAva, cintA, bhaya, parAdhInatA Adi aniSTa vaibhAvika dazA ke duHkha bhogatA rahatA hai| duHkha ko sahana karatA rahatA hai, parantu viSaya sukhoM, suvidhAoM, sAmagrI kI dAsatA kA tyAga nahIM karatA, inake rAga meM Abaddha rahatA hai, yaha nija jJAna kA anAdara hai, jo bhayaMkara bhUla hai| bhUla se hI arthAt svayaM-siddha nija jJAna ke anAdara se hI doSoM kI aura doSoM se du:khoM kI utpatti hotI rahatI hai| doSa svAbhAvika nahIM haiM, ye svataH paidA nahIM hote haiN| doSa mAnava svayaM paidA karatA hai, ataH doSa ko paidA karane yA na karane meM mAnava mAtra sadaiva samartha va svAdhIna hai| viSaya-sukha kI lolupatA ke rAga se hI samasta doSa paidA hote haiN| rAga kA tyAga karane ke lie kisI vastu, vyakti, paristhiti, deza, kAla, abhyAsa va anuSThAna kI apekSA va AvazyakatA nahIM hai, ata: mAnava mAtra viSaya sukhoM meM anityatA, parAdhInatA, cintA, jar3atA Adi kI jainatattva sAra [IX]

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vAstavikatA ke jJAna kA Adara kara rAga kA tyAga kara sakatA hai| tyAga karane meM saba samartha va svAdhIna haiN| rAga kA tyAga karate hI vItarAgatA kI anubhUti hotI hai jisake hote hI zAnti, svAdhInatA, amaratva Adi divya guNoM kI svata: abhivyakti ho jAtI hai| rAga ke vidyamAna rahate koI bhI prANI doSa va duHkhoM se kabhI mukta nahIM ho sakatA hai, na Aja taka koI huA hai aura na Age hI koI hogA / tAtparya yaha hai ki jisase rAga miTe, vItarAgatA kI abhivyakti ho, vaha hI vAstava meM sAdhanA hai| vizva meM jitanI sAdhanAe~ haiM, una sabakA samAveza vItarAgatA meM ho jAtA hai| vItarAgatA kI anubhUti meM hI lakSya kI prApti, doSoM va duHkhoM kI nivRtti hai / jaina tattvajJAna kA sAra hai- sarva doSoM evaM duHkhoM se mukta honA / ise hI sarva karmoM kA kSaya honA yA mokSa kahA hai / 'kRtsnakarmakSayo mokSaH / ' - tattvArthasUtra 10.3 arthAt sampUrNa karmoM kA kSaya hI mokSa hai| karma ATha haiM aura ve do prakAra ke haiM :- ghAtikarma aura aghAtikarma / 1. ghAtikarma cAra haiM:- 1. jJAnAvaraNIya, 2. darzanAvaraNIya, 3. mohanIya aura 4. aMtarAya krm| ye cAroM ghAtikarma jIva ke guNoM ke ghAtaka haiM / ataH inake kSaya se AtmA kA zuddha svabhAva rUpa kaivalya svarUpa sAdhya prakaTa hotA hai, vaha hI mokSa hai| 2. aghAtikarma cAra haiM :- 1. vedanIya, 2. Ayu, 3. nAma aura 4. gotra karma / ina cAroM aghAti karmoM se jIva ke kisI bhI guNa kA aMza mAtra bhI ghAta nahIM hotA hai / jIva ko kaivalya svarUpa prakaTa hone ke pazcAt ye jalI (rAkha) huI rassI ke samAna rahate haiM / ataH inase jIva ko kisI bhI prakAra kI hAni nahIM hotI hai aura inakA saMbaMdha deha se hai / ataH kevalI kA dehAnta hone ke sAtha ina karmoM kA bhI svataH anta ho jAtA hai / prakArAntara se yaha kahA jA sakatA hai- ghAti karmoM kA kSaya honA jIvanmukti hai aura samasta karmoM kA kSaya honA deha (janma-maraNa) mukti hai / mokSa sAdhanA kA lakSya yA sAdhya ghAti karmoM kA kSaya karanA hai| ghAti karmoM kA kSaya hone ke pazcAt prayatnapUrvaka kucha bhI sAdhanA karanA zeSa nahIM rahatA hai / svataH sAdhya prakaTa ho jAtA arthAt siddhi prApta ho jAtI hai, siddhatva (mokSa) prApta ho jAtA hai I [X] jaitattva sA

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cAroM ghAti karmoM kA kSaya karane ke lie samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyakcAritra aura samyak tapa rUpa cAra sAdhanAe~ haiN| mokSamArga ke cAra prakAra haiM:- inameM se samyagdarzana se darzanamohanIya evaM darzanAvaraNa karma kA kSaya hokara kSAyika samyaktva evaM anaMtadarzana guNa prakaTa hotA hai| samyagjJAna se jJAnAvaraNa karma kA kSaya hokara anaMta jJAna prakaTa hotA hai| samyakacAritra se cAritra mohanIya karma kA kSaya hokara kSAyika cAritra prakaTa hotA hai tathA ina sabake phalasvarUpa aMtarAya karma kA kSaya hokara anaMtadAna, anaMtalAbha, anaMta bhoga, ananta upabhoga evaM anaMtavIryarUpa svAbhAvika guNa prakaTa hote haiN| jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya aura aMtarAya ina cAra ghAtI karmoM kA kSaya hone ke pazcAt vedanIya karma, nAma karma, gotra karma aura Ayu karma ye cAroM aghAtI karma zeSa raha jAte haiN| ye karma aghAtI hone se jIva ke kisI bhI guNa kA ghAta karane meM samartha nahIM haiN| ataH inakA kSaya karane ke prayatna kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| phira bhI ina karmoM kI zubha-azubha, prazasta-aprazasta, prakRtiyA~ hai jinheM puNya-pApa prakRtiyA~ kahA jAtA hai| inameM se puNya-prakRtiyoM kA kSaya kisI bhI sAdhanA se sambhava nahIM hai apitu sAdhanA se ina puNya-prakRtiyoM kA arjana hotA hai, evaM inake anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai| ataH inake kSaya kI AvazyakatA bhI nahIM hai| zeSa rahI inakI azubha-aprazasta pApa prkRtiyaaN| pApa pravRttiyoM ke baMdha kA avarodha kaSAya kI kSINatA yA kSaya se hotA hai| krodha kaSAya (krUratA nirdayatA) ke nivAraNa evaM kSayopazama se sAtAvedanIya puNya prakRti kA; mAna kaSAya ke kSayopazama se, mada na karane se, mRdutA se uccagotra puNya-prakRti kA; mAyA kaSAya ke kSayopazama se, RjutA se zubha nAmakarma kI puNya prakRtiyoM kA; evaM lobha kaSAya ke kSayopazama se deva, manuSya, Ayu, puNya-prakRti kA baMdha hotA hai| sAdhanA se kaSAya kSaya hotA hai jisase aghAtI karmoM kI pApa prakRtiyoM ke baMdha kA avarodha hotA hai evaM puNya-prakRtiyoM kA upArjana va udaya hotA hai| jina sAdhakoM ne sAdhanA se cAroM kaSAyoM kA pUrNa kSaya kara diyA hai unake uparyukta samasta puNya-prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga bar3hakara utkRSTa ho jAtA hai| ye zubha (puNya) karma-prakRtiyA~ AtmA kI zuddhatA kI sUcaka hai| ataH inheM kSaya karane kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM raha jAtI hai| jainatattva sAra [ XI ]

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tAtparya yaha hai ki sAdhaka (jIva) ke dvArA siddhi rUpa sAdhya (mokSa) kI prApti ke lie pApa, Asrava, bandha (sambandha) rUpa asAdhanoM kA tyAgakara saMvaratapa (nirjarA) tathA puNya rUpa sAdhanoM ko apanAnA hI tattvajJAna hai, sAdhanA hai| sAdhya - yaha vidita hai ki sAdhya vaha hai jo sabako sarvadA, sarvatra, sarva avasthAoM meM iSTa ho, jaise svAdhInatA (mukti), zAnti, sampannatA, sukha, svasthatA aadi| ye vibhUtiyA~ yA labdhiyA~ sabhI ko, sabhI kAla, sabhI kSetra, sabhI avasthAoM meM abhISTa haiN| ataH inakI upalabdhi meM mAnava mAtra samartha evaM svAdhIna hai| jaina darzana ke zabdoM meM kaheM to jo siddha ke guNa haiM, ve hI sAdhya haiM, siddha avasthA hI sAdhya hai| ise hI mokSa kahA hai| isI kA mokSa tattva meM vivecana hai| isake viparIta jo kisI ko iSTa ho, kisI ko iSTa na ho, kabhI iSTa ho, kabhI iSTa na ho, kahIM iSTa ho, kahIM iSTa na ho, kisI avasthA meM iSTa ho, kisI avasthA meM iSTa na ho vaha sAdhya nahIM ho sktaa| jaise kisI dRzya ko dekhanA, kisI saMgIta ko sunanA, kisI padArtha ko khAnA Adi bhoga, dhana kamAnA, khela khelanA, bAteM karanA Adi kriyaaeN| inheM sAdhya nahIM kahA jA sktaa| kAraNa ki ye kabhI iSTa hotI haiM, kabhI nahIM; kisI ko iSTa hotI haiM anya kisI ko nahIM, kisI avasthA meM iSTa hotI haiM, anya kisI avasthA meM nahIM ityaadi| sAdhana- jo sAdhya kI upalabdhi meM sahAyaka ho, vaha sAdhana hai| sAdhya sabakA samAna hotA hai, usameM bheda va bhinnatA nahIM hotI hai, parantu sAdhana meM yaha bAta nahIM hai| sAdhana sabakA bhinna-bhinna hotA hai| jisa prakAra 'svasthatA' sabakA sAdhya hai| sabhI ko sadA, sarvadA, sarvatra svasthatA abhISTa hai| koI bhI asvastha honA pasanda nahIM karatA, parantu svasthatA kI upalabdhi ke lie pratyeka sAdhaka ko alaga-alaga prayatna karanA hotA hai| jo jisa roga yA vikAra se pIr3ita hai use usI roga yA vikAra ko dUra karane kA prayatna karanA hotA hai| zArIrika svasthatA ke lie zarIra ke vikAroM ko, mAnasika svasthatA ke lie mAnasika vikAroM ko evaM AdhyAtmika svasthatA ke lie Antarika vikAroM ko dUra karane kA prayAsa yA sAdhana karanA hotA hai| yahI nahIM, zarIra ke vividha vikAroM ke lie vividha prakAra ke prayAsa yA upacAra karanA hotA hai| zarIra se sambandhita roga kaiMsara, kSaya Adi vikAroM ke lie vividha upacAra evaM vividha davAoM kA upayoga karanA hotA hai; isI prakAra mana se sambandhita mAnasika vikAra, tanAva, hIna bhAva, nirAzA, bhaya, cintA, zoka, dvandva Adi ke lie vibhinna prakAra ke upacAra karane hote haiN| AdhyAtmika [XII] jainatattva sAra

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vikAra rAga, dveSa, moha viSaya, kaSAya, hiMsA, jhUTha, corI Adi ke lie bhI vividha upacAra karane hote haiN| ataH sabhI sAdhakoM kA sAdhana samAna ho, yaha Avazyaka nahIM hai, parantu unakA sAdhana bhinna-bhinna hone para pariNAma eka hI hogaa| sabakA eka hI uddezya hogA vikAra rahita honA, svastha honA evaM duHkha se mukta honaa| tAtparya yaha hai ki vikAra nivAraNa karane kA prayatna hI sAdhana hai aura sAdhana meM bhinnatA honA svAbhAvika hai| tattvajJAna aura sAdhanA vikAra zArIrika hoM yA mAnasika, unakA udgama sthala Antarika jagat ke vikAra hI haiN| Antarika vikAra haiM: mithyAtva, ajJAna, aviveka, (mithyAdarzana, mithyAjJAna) hiMsA, jhUTha, corI Adi duSpravRttiyA~, pramAda, kaSAya, rAga, dveSa, azubha yoga (viSaya bhoga)- ye hI asAdhana haiN| inheM jaina darzana (tattvajJAna) meM Asrava kahA hai, pApa pravRttiyA~ bhI inhIM meM antaHgarbhita haiN| ___ yaha niyama hai ki asAdhana ke tyAga meM hI sAdhana (saMvara-saMyama) kI abhivyakti hai arthAt Asrava ke tyAga meM hI saMvara kI abhivyakti svataH hotI hai| asAdhana kA tyAga aura sAdhana kI abhivyakti yugapad hotI hai| sAdhana (saMvarasaMyama) kI abhivyakti kA nAma hI dharma hai arthAt tyAga meM hI dharma hai| tyAga hai, para se sambandha viccheda krnaa| sambandha viccheda hote hI bandhaviccheda ho jAtA hai| bandhana TUTa jAtA hai| bandhana TUTanA hI mukta honA hai| yaha niyama hai ki jitanA-jitanA bandhana TUTatA jAtA hai, sAdhaka utanA-utanA mukta hotA jAtA hai| mukta honA hI sAdhya ko prApta karanA hai| sAdhya kI prApti yA upalabdhi hI siddhi hai| siddhi ko prApta karanA hI siddha honA hai| yA yoM kaheM ki tyAga yA dharma kA pariNAma mukti yA siddhi pAnA hai| siddhi pAne vAlA siddha hai| ataH tyAga hI sAdhya kI prApti, mukti, siddhi va siddha-pada pAne kA sAdhana hai| isa dRSTi se saMvara (saMyama) rUpa sAdhana aura mukti (svAdhInatA) rUpa sAdhya va siddha avasthA ko prApta siddha ina sabameM svarUpa se abhinnatA hai, jAtIya ekatA hai arthAt sAdhana sAdhya meM abhivyakta hokara siddhi pradAna karatA hai| siddha pada prApta karAtA hai| tattvajJAna sAdhanA ke do rUpa haiM: 1. niSedha (nivRtti yA tyAga) paraka aura 2. vidhi (pravRtti) prk| niSedha rUpa sAdhanA do prakAra kI hai: 1. saMvara rUpa aura 2. tapa ruup| Azrava va doSoM kA tyAga saMvara (saMyama yA cAritra) rUpa sAdhanA hai| isase jainatattva sAra [XIII]

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navIna karmoM yA saMskAroM kA nirmANa honA arthAt karma bandhanA banda ho jAtA hai tathA samatA meM sthita ho bhoga-vRttiyoM kA svecchA se saMkoca (tyAga) karate hue antarmukhI hokara sattA meM sthita karma-granthiyoM kA bhedana-chedana karate hue unheM dhunakara kSaya karanA tapa rUpa sAdhanA hai| sAdhaka jitanA-jitanA samatA ko puSTa kara nirvikalpa hotA jAtA hai, utanA hI usakI Antarika granthiyoM kA arthAt karmoM kA svataH kSaya hotA jAtA hai tathA utane hI aMza meM usake cinmayatA rUpa darzanaguNa va bodha (jJAna) guNa prakaTa hote jAte haiM, svAnubhUti rUpa nija rasa kI abhivyakti hotI jAtI hai arthAt tapa se pUrva (bhUtakAla meM) kRta karma-bandha kA kSaya hotA jAtA hai unase karmoM se mukti milatI jAtI hai| jaba tapa se saba ghAtI karmoM kA kSaya ho jAtA hai to vItarAga avasthA kI prApti ho jAtI hai aura saba karmoM kA kSaya ho jAtA hai to siddha avasthA yA mokSa mila jAtA hai| sAdhanA kA dUsarA rUpa vidhiparaka sarvahitakArI pravRtti hai| jaba sAdhaka pUrva saMskAra (karmoM) ke udaya se utpanna bhogecchA ke rasa ko viveka (jJAna) se nahIM kATa pAtA arthAt bhoga karane ke rAga ko nahIM miTA pAtA hai, taba usa rAga ko hitakArI pravRtti (sevA) kA rUpa dekara udAttIkaraNa karatA hai| isa prakAra sevA bhAva se udayamAna (vidyamAna) rAga (karma-saMskAra) kI pUrti hokara nivRtti (nirjarA) ho jAtI hai, rAga rUpAntarita hokara gala jAtA hai aura navIna rAga kI utpatti hI nahIM hotI hai| rAga ko galAne vAlI isa pravRtti rUpa kriyA yA sAdhanA ke bhAvAtmaka rUpa ko saMvara tathA kriyAtmaka rUpa ko puNya kahA jA sakatA hai| niSedha (nivRtti) paraka tyAga rUpa sAdhanA, sAdhya meM pariNata yA vilIna hokara jIvana kA abhinna aMga bana jAtI hai, sAdhanA aura jIvana meM ekatA ho jAtI hai, bhinnatA nahIM rahatI hai; sAdhanA hI sAdhaka kA jIvana bana jAtI hai| vidhi (pravRtti) paraka sAdhanA (sevA) meM isa prakAra nahIM hotA hai| kyoMki pravRtti meM apane rAga ko galAne kA, tyAgane kA hI lakSya rahatA hai| isameM apane bhoga ke sukha ke tyAga kI hI pradhAnatA rahatI hai| yaha tyAga hI sAdhaka ke lie upayogI, hitakArI, kalyANakArI, upAdeya hai| pravRttiparaka sAdhanA kA yaha bhAvAtmaka rUpa tyAgamaya yA asIma hotA hai, para pravRttiparaka sAdhanA sevA kA kriyAtmaka rUpa sImita hotA hai, aura 'para' para Azrita hotA hai| parAzraya jIvana nahIM ho sakatA hai| ataH sevA kA sAdhaka ke jIvana meM mahattva vidyamAna udayamAna rAga ko galAne taka hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki vItarAga ho jAne para pravRtti (sevA) sAdhanA rUpa meM kI nahIM jAtI hai, karuNAbhAva se svataH [XIV] jainatattva sAra

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sahaja rUpa meM sevA hotI rahatI hai| pravRtti rUpa sAdhanA meM bar3I sAvadhAnI kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| yadi sevA rUpa pravRtti se sAdhaka sammAna, puraskAra Adi ke sukha kA bhoga karane laga jAtA hai to vaha sevA, sevA nahIM raha jAtI hai, saude kA rUpa le letI hai| usase bhautika upalabdhi to hotI hai, parantu vaha kalyANakArI nahIM hotI hai| smaraNa rahe ki sevA meM jitane aMza meM apane sukha kA tyAga hai vaha sevA utanI hI kalyANakArI hai| sAdhaka ke lie sevA rUpa pravRtti meM rahA huA tyAga hI upAdeya hai| yahI tyAgamaya pravRtti AtmA ko pavitra karane vAlI hai, yahI puNya hai| maitrI, pramoda, karuNA, anukampA, vAtsalya kA kriyAtmaka rUpa hI pravRttiparaka sAdhanA hai| vaha rAga galAne vAlI hone se sAdhaka ke lie AdaraNIya hai| samabhAva-sAdhanA tyAga (virati) meM samabhAva nihita hai, ataH samasta sAdhanAoM kA AdhAra yA sAra samabhAva hai| samabhAva hai anukUlatA meM rAga na karanA, pratikUlatA meM dveSa na karanA arthAt rAga-dveSa rahita honA / ataH samabhAva meM vItarAga bhAva samAyA huA hai| samabhAva kI sAdhanA vItarAga bhAva kI sAdhanA hai| samabhAva meM apane sukha-du:kha ke bhoga kA tyAgabhAva samAhita hai| jahA~ tyAga hai vahA~ samabhAva hai| jahA~ samabhAva hai vahA~ tyAga hai| jahA~ bhoga hai vahIM roga hai vahA~ tyAga nahIM hai, samabhAva nahIM hai| samabhAva kI sAdhanA ko jaina darzana meM sAmAyika kI sAdhanA kahA hai| isIlie sAdhaka ko 'karemi bhaMte! sAmAiyaM' kI hI pratijJA dilAI jAtI hai, bhale hI vaha sAdhaka AjIvana ke liye sAdhanA grahaNa kare athavA kucha kAla ke liye| use sAmAyika aMgIkAra karanI hI hotI hai| samabhAva meM saMyama aura saMyama meM samabhAva samAhita hai| jahA~ asaMyama hai vahA~ viSayabhAva va viSamabhAva hai| viSayabhAva viSa hai, prANa ghAtaka hai, yahI kAraNa hai ki viSamabhAva se, viSayabhAva se, asaMyama se, bhoga se prANI kI apanI prANazakti kA ghAta, hrAsa hotA hI hai, arthAt prANAtipAta hotA hai, hiMsA hotI jaina dharma meM mukti prApti kI sAdhanA kA mUlAdhara samyagdarzana hai (satya kA sAkSAtkAra karanA hai)| samyagdarzana kI anubhUti meM zrutajJAna kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai tathA zrutajJAna kA Adara karanA, zrutajJAna kA AcaraNa karanA cAritra hai| samyakzruta hI samyagjJAna hai| isa jJAna ke atirikta anya jJAna para AsthA, vizvAsa, zraddhA na karanA, isI jJAna ko lakSya va sAdhya-sAdhanA banAnA samyagdarzana hai| jainatattva sAra [XV]

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zrutajJAna ke anurUpa AcaraNa karanA samyakcAritra hai| samyagjJAna-darzana-cAritra, ina tInoM kI ekarUpatA-ekatva mokSamArga hai - sAdhanA hai| prakArAntara se kaheM to sat-asata kA viveka samyakjJAna hai, sat para zraddhA karake, use hI sAdhya mAnanA, asat ko tyAganA samyagdarzana hai| sat ke anurUpa AcaraNa karanA - sadAcAra hI samyak cAritra hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki sAdhaka ko cAhie ki vaha svayaM-siddha, svataH prApta nijajJAna (zrutajJAna) se siddhatva ke guNoM ko prApta karane kA lakSya banAkara, zrutajJAna kA pUrNa rUpa se Adara, AcaraNa kara durlabha mAnava-bhava ko saphala va sArthaka banAne kA pUrNa parAkrama kre| athavA yoM kaheM ki zrutajJAna kA Adarakara asat (anitya) ke sukha va saMbaMdha kA sarvAMza meM tyAga kara dene se sat (amaratva-dhruvatva) se abhinnatA rUpa mokSa kI anubhUti svataH ho jAtI hai| zrutajJAna ke anurUpa AcaraNa karanA arthAt ajJAna moharahita ho rAga-dveSa kA kSaya karanA hI cAritra hai| cAritra kI pUrNatA meM hI mukti hai| zrutajJAna ke anurUpa AcaraNa karanA hI zrutajJAna kA Adara hai| zrutajJAna ke Adara se zrutajJAna kA kSayopazama tathA kSaya hotA hai jisase zrutajJAna kA AvaraNa Dha zrutajJAnAvaraNIya karma kSINa hotA jAtA hai aura zrutajJAna kA prabhAva jIvana meM prakaTa hotA jAtA hai| zrutajJAna kA pUrNa prabhAva hote hI yA zrutajJAnAvaraNa kA pUrNa kSaya hote hI pAMcoM jJAnoM ke AvaraNa kA evaM darzanAvaraNa karma kA pUrNa kSaya ho jAtA hai aura kevalajJAna-kevaladarzana prakaTa ho jAte haiN| zrutajJAna kA pUrNa AcaraNa hI cAritra kI pUrNatA hai - utkRSTa yathAkhyAta, pUrNa-nirdoSa zuddha cAritra hai| isake pazcAt sAdhaka janma-maraNa se atIta ho jAtA hai| janma-maraNa se atIta honA hI mukta honA hai| ataH zrutajJAna ke AcaraNa kI pUrNatA meM yathAkhyAta cAritra, kevalajJAna evaM kevaladarzana kI upalabdhi tathA AtmasvarUpa kA pUrNa prakaTIkaraNa hai| isakA phala hI mukti kI anubhUti karanA evaM paramasukha prApta karanA hai- mukta honA hai| samyagdarzana yukta samyakajJAna kA AcaraNa hI cAritra hai| cAritra meM saMvara. nirjarA aura puNya tattva samAhita haiN| saMvara, nirjarA aura puNya sAdhanA ke ina tIna aMgoM meM se saMvara aura nirjarA rUpa dharma kA phala tatkAla milatA hai kyoMki ye kriyAe~ koI 'karma' nahIM hai jisakA phala pIche udaya Akara mile| karma kA phala udaya Akara hI pIche milatA hai, dharma kA phala to tatkAla hI milatA hai kAraNa ki aisA koI hetu nahIM hai jisase dharma kA phala pIche mile| saMvara aura nirjarA AtmA ko vikAroM ko dUra karane ki kriyA hai| [XVI] jainatattvasAra

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yaha niyama hai ki vikAra dUra hote hI tatkAla prasAda milatA hai| aisA nahIM hotA ki vikAra to abhI dUra hoM aura phala kabhI mile| jisa prakAra zArIrika vikAra (roga) jisa samaya dUra hote haiM usI samaya tat sambandhI pIr3A miTa kara zAnti va sukha kI anubhUti hotI hai| yaha nahIM hotA ki zarIra kA roga to Aja miTe aura zAnti kala mile| isI prakAra saMvara aura nirjarA se Atmika vikAra dUra hone hI tatkAla zAMti, mukti aura prIti kI anubhUti hotI hai| yadi sAdhaka ko aisI anubhUti nahIM hotI hai to yaha nizcita hai ki usakI saMvara aura nirjarA kI kriyAe~ samIcIna nahIM hai usane ina kriyAoM rUpa meM kisI sUkSama rAga-sukha lolupatA-rUpa doSa chipA huA hai| saMvara-tapa kI sAdhanA, svAdhIna sAdhanA hai, kyoMki isameM Atma vikAroM ko dUra karane ke lie para ke Azraya va sahAyatA kI apekSA nahIM hai| para kI sahAyatA apekSita na hone se ina sAdhanA kA kisI paristhiti vizeSa se koI sambandha nahIM, yaha vartamAna paristhiti meM hI kI jA sakatI hai vastutaH sAdhanA vartamAna kI hI vastu hai tatha ise mAnava mAtra karane meM samartha va svAdhIna hai| jo sAdhanA vartamAna meM hI kI jA sakatI hai| use bhaviSya para TAlanA ghora pramAda hai tathA jIvana kI sabase bar3I asAvadhAnI va bhArI bhUla hai| kisI kA ahita na karane va sabakA hitaciMtana ke bhAva rUpa puNya kI sAdhanA meM saba svAdhIna haiM, parantu sarva hitakArI bhAva ko kriyAtmaka pravRtti kA rUpa dene meM vastu vyakti, paristhiti Adi kI apekSA yA AvazyakatA hotI hai| ataH isameM pratyeka sAdhaka kI apanI sImA hai| sAdhaka ko vartamAna meM apanI prApta paristhiti kA hI sarva hitakArI pravRtti meM sadupayoga kara usakI dAsatA se chUTanA hai| use aprApta paristhiti kA AhvAna nahIM karanA hai| aprApta paristhiti kA AhvAna karanA, paristhiti meM Asakti banAye rakhane va paristhiti kI dAsatA ko pasanda karane kI dyotaka hai, jo asAdhana rUpa hai| Upara saMvara, nirjarA aura puNya, sAdhanA ke ye tIna rUpa kahe gaye haiN| ye hI sAdhanA yA cAritra kI tIna dhArAe~ haiN| ina tInoM dhArAoM kA saMgama hI sAdhanA kI triveNI hai| jisa prakAra prayAga meM gaMgA, yamunA, aura sarasvatI kA saMgama hokara triveNI banatI hai jo apane gantavya sthala sAgara ko pahu~ca kara vilIna ho jAtI hai| isI prakAra saMvara-nirjarA rUpa gaMgA-jamunA tathA puNya rUpa sarasvatI ke saMgama se sAdhanA evaM cAritra kI triveNI banatI hai jo apane gantavya sthala mukti ko pahu~ca kara jainatattva sAra [XVII]

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vilIna ho jAtI hai| jaise triveNI saMgama meM gaMgA aura yamunA kI dhArAe~ to pratyakSa dikhAI detI haiM parantu sarasvatI kI dhArA nahIM dikhAI detI hai, usake lie kahA jAtA hai ki vaha adRzya rUpa meM ina donoM hI dhArAoM meM vidyamAna rahatI hai / isI prakAra saMvara-nirjarA rUpa gaMgA-yamunA, sAdhanA kI ye do dhArAe~ spaSTa prakaTa haiM aura puNya kI dhArA saMvara - nirjarA rUpa ina dono dhArAoM ke tala meM avyakta rUpa se anusyUta rahatI hai| jisa prakAra triveNI meM nimagna hone se tatkAla zArIrika pavitratA aura zItalatA kI upalabdhi hotI hai / isI prakAra sAdhanA kI triveNI meM nimagna hone se tatkAla mAnasika aura Atmika pavitratA va zAMti kI upalabdhi hotI haiM parantu triveNI inakA bhoga na karatI huI satata pravAhamAna rahatI hai| isI prakAra sAdhanA-triveNI ke yoga se bhautika evaM AdhyAtmika RddhiyA~, siddhiyA~ va nidhiyA~ prApta hotI haiM parantu sAdhaka kI sAdhanA ajasra pravAhamAna rahatI hai, vaha inakA bhoga yA upabhoga nahIM karatA / saMvara, nirjarA tathA puNya rUpa sAdhanAtriveNI kI cAritra kI ArAdhanA kara mukti pAne meM hI mAnava jIvana kI sArthakatA hai| ata: mAnava mAtra kA karttavya hai ki vaha samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritra rUpa sAdhanA-triveNI kI ArAdhanA kara apane jIvana ko saphala banAve, mokSa prApta kareM / mokSa tattva ke vivecana se yaha spaSTa hai ki 'mokSa-mArga' jIvana ke Antarika va bAharI vikAroM ko dUra karane va sukha, zAnti, svAdhInatA, mukti va paramAnanda prApti kA vyAvahArika va vaijJAnika mArga hai / vyAvahArika isalie hai ki isakA sambandha vyakti ke vyAvahArika jIvana se hai aura pratyeka vyakti ise apane jIvana ke vyavahAra meM apanAkara sukha, zAnti tathA Ananda kI upalabdhi kara sakatA hai| vaijJAnika isa rUpa meM hai ki isameM vijJAna ke samAna kAraNa- kArya sambandha spaSTa hai tathA sAdhanA rUpa kArya ke phala kA pratyakSa anubhava hotA hai / antara kevala kSetra kA hai aura vaha yaha hai ki vijJAna kA sambandha padArthoM ke sAtha hone se vaijJAnika tathyoM ke prayogakSetra va phala kA pratyakSIkaraNa bhautika va bAharI jagat me hotA hai aura sAdhanA kA sambandha AtmA ke sAtha hone se isakA prayoga kSetra AtmA hai tathA isake phala kA pratyakSIkaraNa antarjagat meM hotA hai tathA isa niyama ke anusAra ki sthUla se sUkSma, sUkSmatara, sUkSmatama rUpa adhika vi hotA hai, isa prakAra bhautika vijJAna se sAdhanA kA AdhyAtmika kSetra adhika vyApaka hai| [ XVIII ] jaitattva sAra

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tattva jJAna meM varNita 'mokSa - mArga' Ananda pUrvaka jIne kI sAdhanA hai| dUsare zabdoM 'sukhapUrvaka jIne kI kalA' hai| jIvana meM Ananda kI upalabdhi tabhI saMbhava hai jaba vaha vikAra rahita ho, kyoMki vikAra hI vizva ke saba prANiyoM ke duHkhoM va dvandvoM kA kAraNa hai / vikAra para vijaya pAne kI sAdhanA hI vAstavika sAdhanA hai| ise kisI sampradAya yA varga vizeSa kI sAdhanA samajhanA bhUla hai| vastuta: jaina-sAdhanA 'jana-sAdhanA' hai, pratyeka jana ise apanA sakatA hai aura apane duHkhoM se chuTakArA pA sakatA hai, yaha isakA vyaSTi rUpa hai| dUsarA isakA samaSTi rUpa hai / isa rUpa meM yaha sundara samAja kA nirmANa karatI hai jise apanAkara mAnava-samAja apane samasta duHkhoM va samasyAoM se mukta ho sakatA hai| vartamAna yuga 'vijJAna - yuga' hai| vijJAna ke kAraNa bhautika vikAsa apanI carama sImA para pahu~ca rahA hai| vijJAna pradatta bhautika upalabdhiyA~ mAnava-samAja ke antara meM sthita kaSAya ko ubhAra kara vyavahAra meM vyakta karaneM meM nimitta bana rahI haiN| pariNAma svarUpa vartamAna mAnava-samAja kaSAya se burI taraha grasta hai / usakA yaha kaSAya svArthaparatA, zoSaNa, saMgrahavRtti, bhogalipsA Adi asaMkhya burAiyoM ko janma de rahA hai| phalasvarUpa sampUrNa mAnava-samAja saMtrasta va duHkhI hai| yuga kI mAMga hai ki isa sthiti se mukti pAyI jaaye| isake lie aise mArga kI AvazyakatA hai jo sAmpradAyika mAnyatAoM dvArA thopA na jAkara vaijJAnika ho / isa kasauTI para mokSa tattva jJAna va vItarAga sAdhanA zata pratizata khare utarate hai / ye mAnava-samAja kI vyaSTi va samaSTi rUpa meM samasta burAiyoM, duHkhoM va samasyAoM kA anta karane meM samartha haiM / ataH tattva vettAoM va sAdhakoM kA yaha dAyitva va kartavya hai ki yuga kI isa mAMga ko pUrI karane meM apanA yoga deM / tattvajJAna va sAdhanA ko 'vyAvahArika va vaijJAnika adhyAtmavAda' ke rUpa meM prastuta kreN| sAdhanA ke isa rUpa ko Aja kA sampUrNa vizva apanAne ko taiyAra hai / yadi vijJAna ke sAtha 'vyAvahArika adhyAtmavAda' kA yoga na huA to vijJAna se vizva kA vinAza avazyaMbhAvI hai| yadi vijJAna ke sAtha vyAvahArika adhyAtmavAda kA yoga ho gayA to AdhyAtmika vikAsa va bhautika vikAsa paraspara pUraka va preraka hokara Aja se aneka gune adhika bar3ha jAyeMgeM, jisase isI dharatI para svargIya sukha va apavargIya Ananda kI upalabdhi saMbhava ho skegii| mere jIvana-nirmANa evaM AdhyAtmika ruci jAgaraNa karane meM AcAryapravara zrI hastImalajI ma.sA. kI mahatI kRpA rhii| jaitattva sAra [ XIX ]

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zrI devendrarAja mehatA se gata aneka varSoM se merA nikaTa kA samparka rahA hai| Apa lekhana ke lie satata preraNA dete rahe haiM tathA prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI ke mAdhyama se prakAzana kArya ko sampanna karavAne meM vizeSa utsAha va ruci lete rahe haiN| ApakI preraNA ke phala-svarUpa yaha pustaka prakAzita huI hai| isake lie maiM AcAryazrI evaM mehatA sAhaba ke prati AbhAra evaM kRtajJatA prakaTa karatA huuN| DaoN. dharmacandra jaina ne isakA sampAdana kiyA, prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI, jayapura ne ise prakAzita kiyA, zrI indaracandajI karanAvaTa ne sahayoga diyaa| ina sabakA maiM AbhAra pradarzita karatA huuN| anta meM maiM zrI sAgara seThI kA bhI dhanyavAda jJApita karatA hU~ jinhoMne isa sAmagrI ko pustakAkAra dekara pAThakoM ke lie upayogI bnaayaa| kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA 82/127, mAnasarovara, jayapura mo. 9413764911 [XX] jainatattva sAra

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vijJAna ke Aloka meM jIva-ajIva tattva jIva tattva kA svarUpa jaina darzana meM jIva kA lakSaNa batAte hue kahA hai- 'jIvo uvaoga lakkhao' arthAt jisameM upayoga guNa hai vaha jIva hai, cetana hai| jisameM upayoga guNa nahIM hai, vaha acetana hai, vaha ajIva hai| arthAt cetana-acetana meM mukhya antara hai- upayoga guNa kaa| upayoga guNa do prakAra kA hai- 1. nirAkAra upayoga aura 2. sAkAra upyog| nirAkAra upayoga, sAkAra upayoga ke pahale hotA hai| Agama kI bhASA meM nirAkAra upayoga ko darzana kahate haiM aura sAkAra upayoga ko jJAna kahate haiN| nirAkAra (darzana) upayoga cetanA kA pradhAna guNa hai kAraNa ki isake abhAva meM jJAna nahIM hotA hai| pahale darzana hotA hai, taba hI jJAna hotA hai| jJAna kA AdhAra darzana hI hai| darzana guNa cetanatA (caitanya) kA, cinmayatA kA dyotaka hai| saMvedana honA hI cetanA kA guNa hai, jar3a ko saMvedana nahIM hotaa| isI se darzana ko dhavalA TIkA meM sva-saMvedana kahA hai| arthAt svayaM meM hone vAlA saMvedana darzanopayoga hai, jo vedana kriyA ke rUpa meM sAtAvedanIya-asAtAvedanIya ke rUpa meM prakaTa hotA hai| cetanatA (darzanaguNa) kA viloma guNa hai- jdd'taa| cetana meM caitanya guNa svabhAvagata hai| cetana ke asaMkhyAta pradeza haiM, ye saba pradeza cetanatAmaya haiN| yaha guNa sarva cetana meM sadA samAna banA rahatA hai, isameM nyUnAdhikatA nahIM hotI hai| nyUnAdhikatA hotI hai, isa guNa ke prakaTIkaraNa meN| jisa prakAra candramA meM candra-prabhA kabhI kamajyAdA nahIM hotii| candraprabhA kI nyUnAdhikatA candra-kalA kI nyUnAdhikatA ke kAraNa hotI hai| candrakalA kI nyUnAdhikatA candra para Ae bAhara ke kAraNa se hotI hai| jIva-ajIva tattva [1]

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vastutaH candra para candrakalA kama-jyAdA nahIM hotI hai| candramA to sadA pUrNa rUpa meM eka sI hI prabhA vAlA rahatA hai, usa prabhA kA prakaTIkaraNa bAhara ke kAraNa kamajyAdA hotA hai| isI prakAra cetana kA darzana guNa 'cetanatA' kabhI nyUnAdhika nahIM hotI hai| usa para moha ke kAraNa AvaraNa AjAne se usa cetanatA kA prakaTIkaraNa kama-jyAdA hotA rahatA hai| zarIra, saMsAra Adi jar3a padArthoM ke prati Asakti se, rAga se moha hotA hai| jar3a ke prati rAga yA moha hone se jar3a se sambandha jur3atA hai, jar3a se jur3ane se jar3atA AtI hai| jar3atA Ane se cetanatA guNa Avarita hotA hai| mUrchA jar3atA kI evaM moha kA dyotaka hai aura ataH jitanA moha bar3hatA hai, utanI hI mUrchA kI vRddhi hotI hai| jitanI mUrchA baDhatI hai, utanI hI jar3atA bar3hatI hai, jitanI jar3atA bar3hatI hai utanA hI cetana kA cetanatA rUpa darzana guNa Avarita hotA hai| arthAt mohanIya karma meM jitanI vRddhi hotI hai utanA hI darzana guNa para AvaraNa bar3hatA jAtA hai| darzanAvaraNIya karma kA kAraNa mohanIya karma hai| cAritra mohanIya ke kAraNa bhoga-bhogane kI pravRtti hotI hai| bhoga-bhogane meM sukha kI anubhUti honA arthAt bhoga meM sukha mAnanA darzanamohanIya hai| kAraNa ki yaha viSaya-sukha kI anubhUti vAstava meM sukha nahIM hai| sukha kI pratIti yA AbhAsa mAtra hai| moha ke kAraNa yaha sukhAbhAsa satya, sthAyI va priya lagatA hai, parantu vAstava meM yaha hai asatya, kSaNika evaM rshiin| yahI kAraNa hai ki viSaya sukha pratikSaNa kSINa hotA huA nIrasatA meM badala jAtA hai| parantu mohI vyakti dvArA isa satyAnubhUti kA anAdara darzanAvaraNIya karma kA kAraNa hai| isameM viSaya-bhoga sukhada hai, yaha mithyA mAnyatA rUpa mithyAtva yA 'darzana mohanIya' hI pramukha kAraNa hai| isa prakAra darzanAvaraNIya ke baMdha kA pramukha kAraNa mohanIya karma hai| ataH jaise-jaise mohanIya karma kSINa hotA jAtA hai, darzanAvaraNIya karma bhI kSINa hotA jAtA hai, cetanA guNa bar3hatA jAtA hai| darzana guNa hai sva-saMvadena-caitanya (cetanatA) kA avyakta bodha va anubhava honaa| jitanA isa caitanya guNa para AvaraNa AtA jAtA hai utanA hI darzanAvaraNIya karma pragAr3ha hotA jAtA hai arthAt jar3atA bar3hatI jAtI hai (dhyAna kI gaharAI meM isa tathya kA pratyakSIkaraNa va sAkSAtkAra spaSTa hotA hai|) nidrA ke samaya svarUpa vismRti ho jAtI hai| ataH nidrAoM ko darzanAvaraNIya karma kI sarvaghAtinI prakRtiyoM meM ginAyA hai| nidrAoM se jar3atA AtI hai| yaha jar3atA darzanAvaraNIya karma kI dyotaka hai| anidrita avasthA ko svarUpa bodha, jAgarUkatA, yatanA, apramAda kahA gayA hai| [2] jainatattva sAra

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cetana avasthA meM hI naisargika satya kA bodha (anubhava) hotA hai| jar3atA avasthA meM sat svarUpa kA, avinAzitva kA anubhava nahIM hotA hai, pratyuta vinAzI avasthA hI avinAzI yA 'sat' pratIta hotI hai| asat ko sat mAnanA evaM sat ko asat mAnanA, mithyAtva hai| jitanA cetanatA guNa bar3hatA jAtA hai utanA hI padArtha ke sthUla rUpa se sUkSma rUpa kA prakaTIkaraNa arthAt anubhava yA saMvedana hotA jAtA hai| aMta meM sUkSmatama aMza paramANu kI saccAI kA anubhava karane para kevaladarzana kI upalabdhi ho jAtI hai, pUrNa caitanya guNa prakaTa ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra kevaladarzana kI upalabdhi meM darzanamohanIya kA kSayopazama paraMparA kAraNa evaM cAritra mohanIya kA kSaya anantara kAraNa hai| Azaya yaha hai ki darzanAvaraNIya karma ke chedana meM mohanIya karma ke tyAga kA bahuta bar3A mahattva hai| sva-saMvedana evaM nirvikalpatA jIva kI ajIva se do pramukha vizeSatAe~ haiM-jJAna aura drshn| jJAna darzanapUrvaka hotA hai| ataH jIva kA mukhya guNa darzana hai| darzana kA artha hai sv-sNvden| jisameM saMvedana guNa hai- vahI cetana hai| darzana ko prAcIna graMthoM meM kucha vizeSaNoM se samajhAyA gayA hai, paribhASita kiyA gayA hai yathA- 1.sva-saMvedana 2. nirvikalpa 3. nirAkAra 4. avizeSa-abheda aura 5. anirvcniiy| ina sabakA paraspara ghaniSTha-sambandha hai| inameM se avizeSa (sAmAnya), abheda, nirAkAra aura nirvikalpa samAnArthaka haiN| anirvacanIya isIlie kahA ki darzana ko zabdoM se, vANI se vyakta nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| ye cAroM vizeSaNa niSedhAtmaka haiN| niSedhAtmaka varNana abhAva ko prakaTa karatA hai| abhAva se kisI vastu yA tathya ke astitva va svarUpa kA bodha nahIM ho sktaa| ataH ina cAroM vizeSaNoM se darzana kyA hai, isakA jJAna nahIM hotA hai| vidhiparaka vizeSaNa hai- sva-saMvedana aura yahI cetanA kA mukhya guNa hai| nirvikalpatA aura sva-saMvedana kA ati ghaniSTha sambandha hai| nirvikalpatA hai- vikalpa kA na utthnaa| vikalpa kA kAraNa hai sNklp| jahA~ saMkalpa hai, vahIM vikalpa hai| saMkalpa kA kAraNa rAga hai| jahA~ rAga hai, vahA~ rAga kI pUrti meM bAdhA par3ane se dveSa utpanna hotA hai| ataH jahA~ rAga hai vahA~ dveSa hai| anukUlatA ko banAye rakhane kI cAhanA rAga, pratikUlatA ko haTAne kI cAhanA dveSa hai| ataH jahA~ harSaviSAda hai, hAsya-zoka hai, rati-arati hai vahA~ rAga-dveSa haiN| rAga-dveSa se pare hone kA upAya hai- anukUlatA meM harSa yA rati na karanA, anukUlatA kA sukha na bhoganA jIva-ajIva tattva [3]

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aura pratikUlatA se du:khI na honA arthAt anukUlatA aura pratikUlatA donoM meM samabhAva se rhnaa| yahI nirvikalpatA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki jahA~ samabhAva haisamatA hai, vahA~ hI nirvikalpatA hai| samatA aura nirvikalpatA eka hI sikke ke do pahalU haiN| jahA~ nirvikalpatA hai vahA~ hI darzana hai| dUsare zabdoM meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki jahA~ samatA (samabhAva) hai, vahA~ hI darzana hai| ataH jaise-jaise vikalpa ghaTate jAte haiM aura samatA yA nirvikalpatA puSTa hotI jAtI hai-bar3hatI jAtI hai vaise-vaise darzana guNa prakaTa hotA jAtA hai| darzana guNa kA prakaTIkaraNa sva-saMvadena rUpa meM hotA hai| ataH jaise-jaise darzana guNa kA vikAsa yA prakaTIkaraNa hotA jAtA hai, vaise-vaise sva-saMvedana (AtmAnubhava-svAnubhava guNa) kI spaSTatAsUkSmatA prakaTa hotI jAtI hai| cetanA kA vikAsa hotA jAtA hai| ___ duHkha kisI ko bhI pasaMda nahIM hai, parantu sukha ke bhogI ko na cAhate hue bhI du:kha bhoganA hI par3atA hai, kyoMki viSaya-kaSAyayukta bhogoM ke sukhoM ke sAtha parAdhInatA, jar3atA, abhAva, bhaya, ciMtA, khinnatA, zaktihInatA, viyoga, pratikUlatA, AkulatA Adi duHkha sadaiva jur3e rahate haiN| sukha meM jIvana buddhi hone para sukha kI AzA, sukha kI dAsatA, sukha ke pralobhana meM Abaddha prANI prathama to apane duHkhoM kA kAraNa apane ko nahIM mAnakara anya vastu-vyakti- paristhiti ko mAnatA hai aura bhogya vastuoM kA Azraya lekara paristhiti ko badalakara ina duHkhoM ko dUra karanA cAhatA hai, parantu Aja taka aisA kisI ke lie bhI saMbhava nahIM huaa| dvitIya bAta yaha hai ki viveka yA taTastha vicAra se vaha isa satya ko bhI jAna bhI letA hai ki ina duHkhoM kA kAraNa maiM svayaM hU~, merI sukhabhoga kI icchAe~ haiM, phira bhI vaha isa satya kI upekSA karatA hai| vaha apanI sukha kI dAsatA ko nahIM chor3anA cAhatA hai, kyoMki usakI yaha mAnyatA hotI hai ki yaha viSaya sukha hI jIvana hai| yaha sukha nahIM hai to jIvana kA koI artha nahIM hai| yaha mAnyatA itanI dRr3ha hotI hai ki vaha satya ko dekhate hue bhI anadekhA kara detA hai| usa para satya kA koI prabhAva nahIM par3atA hai| usake lie to sarvasva viSaya sukha va sukha kI sAmagrI kA saMgraha hI hai| kyoMki usane viSaya-sukha ke atirikta anya sukha kA, nija svarUpa ke nirAkula sukha kA kabhI anubhava kiyA hI nahIM hai| yadyapi sukha sadaiva nirAkulatA-nirvikalpatA kI avasthA meM hI milatA hai, parantu usakA dhyAna usa ora nahIM jAtA hai aura usa nirvikalpatA se mile sukha ko bhI kAmanA pUrti se mAnatA hai, jo ghora mithyAtva hai| sukha nirAkulatA meM, nizciMtatA meM, nirvikalpatA meM svAdhInatA meM hai, isa tathya para vaha vicAra hI nahIM karatA hai| [4] jainatattva sAra

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samasta zaktiyoM kA udbhava nirvikalpatA meM hI hotA hai| jAgRta avasthA meM suSuptivat hone para nirvikalpa hone para cinmayatA, zAnti, viveka, prasannatA, aizvarya, saundarya, mAdhurya, sAmarthya Adi divya guNoM kI abhivyakti, anubhUti hotI hai| yadi koI eka muhUrta isa avasthA meM raha jAye, to vItarAgatA yA kaivalya kI upalabdhi ho jAtI hai| indriya, mana, deha Adi se asaMga hone para hI cinmaya svabhAva kI, svAnubhava kI, avinAzI tattva kI, nija darzana kI anubhUti hotI hai| yahI saccA darzana guNa hai| kAmanA-tyAga se nirvikalpatA saba prakAra ke cintana, kAmanA va cAha rahita hote hI nirvikalpa sthiti svataH hotI hai tathA kisI na kisI prakAra kI cAha se hI saMkalpa evaM ciMtana kI utpatti hotI hai arthAt nirvikalpatA bhaMga hotI hai| nirvikalpa sthiti meM hI vizrAnti kA anubhava hotA hai| vizrAMti meM hI zAnti, zakti, sAmarthya kI abhivyakti hotI hai| zAnta citta meM hI viveka kI jAgRti tathA satya kI jijJAsA hotI hai, tyAga kA sAmarthya AtA hai aura pravRtti karane kI zakti AtI hai| ataH jitanI-jitanI nirvikalpatA gahana hotI jAtI hai arthAt darzanAvaraNIya karma kA kSayopazama hotA jAtA hai, vaise-vaise jJAna bar3hatA jAtA hai| jaise-jaise jJAna bar3hatA jAtA hai, vaise- vaise rAga-dveSa-moha Adi doSoM meM kamI AtI jAtI hai| nirvikalpatA kA rasa nirAkula hotA hai, nija ke cinmaya svarUpa kA hotA hai- saccA vAstavika sukha hotA hai, yaha viSaya-sukha se bhinna-vilakSaNa hotA hai| viSaya sukha kI pratIti to indriya va mana ke uttejita hone para, sakriya hone para hotI hai| usameM AkulatA, jar3atA, parAdhInatA rahatI hI hai| jabaki nirvikalpatA kA sukha nirAkula, nirvikAra, svAdhIna evaM cinmaya hotA hai| jaba taka vyakti kAmanA apUrti janita duHkha ko dUra karane ke lie vastu, vyakti, paristhiti Adi apane se bhinna padArthoM kA Azraya letA hai, taba taka vaha parAdhInatA, jar3atA, nIrasatA Adi duHkhoM se mukta nahIM ho sktaa| jo vyakti kAmanA apUrti ke duHkha kA kAraNa kAmanA utpatti ko mAnatA hai, vaha kAmanA rahita arthAt nirvikalpa ho jAtA hai| use hI zAnti kA rasa milatA hai, jo vAstavika sukha hai| yahI nahIM kAmanA pUrti ke samaya jo sukha hotA hai vaha bhI usa samaya kAmanA ke na rahane se, kAmanA kA abhAva hone para citta ke zAnta hone se, nirvikalpa hone se jIva-ajIva tattva [5]

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hotA hai| jo isa satya kA anubhava kara letA hai, vaha samyak dRSTi hai aura jo usa sukha ko kAmanA pUrti se mAnatA hai, vaha mithyAdRSTi hai, kyoMki usakI yaha mAnyatA mithyA kAmanA pUrti meM sukha mAnane se aneka naI kAmanAe~ paidA hotI haiM, una kAmanAoM kI pUrti ke lie prANI jIvana paryanta daur3atA rahatA hai- bhramaNa karatA hai / parantu use sthAyI sukha kI upalabdhi evaM saMtuSTi nahIM hotI / kAmanA - utpatti sukha prApti ke lie hI hotI hai| sukha prApti kA prayatna vahI karatA hai, jise sukha kA abhAva hai / ata: kAmanA utpatti sukha ke abhAva kI, nIrasatA kI sUcaka hai / kAmanAoM kI pUrti se sukha kA abhAva miTatA nahIM hai, balki kSaNika sukha kA AbhAsa hotA hai| yadi kAmanA pUrti se yaha sukha kA abhAva miTatA hotA, to pratyeka vyakti kI pratidina bIsoM kAmanAe~ pUrI hotI haiM aura unakI pUrti meM use sukha kA AbhAsa bhI hotA hai / yadi yaha vAstavika sukha hotA, to aba-taka sabhI prANI sukhI ho jaate| Aja pratyeka vyakti ke pAsa meM Aja ke sau varSa pahale ke vyakti se saikar3oM gunA vastue~ bar3ha gaI haiN| madhura saMgIta sunane ke sukha ke lie lAkhoM rupayoM se taiyAra kiye gae gAnoM ke kaiseTa, reDiyo, suMdara dRzya dekhane ke lie sinemA, TelIvijana, jihvA indriya ke sukha ke lie saikar3oM prakAra kI miThAiyA~, khaTAiyA~, namakIna, vividha vyaMjana Adi agaNita sukha kI sAmagrI bar3ha gaI hai, jisakA vaha bhoga- upabhoga kara rahA hai, parantu sukha meM aMzamAtra bhI vRddhi nahIM huI / yadi sukha mila gayA hotA, sukha pAnA zeSa na rahA hotA, sukha se tRpti va saMtuSTi ho gaI hotI, to sukha kI kAmanA utpanna nahIM hotI / kAraNa ki bhoga-sAmagrI meM sukha hai hI nahIM / yadi bhoga-sAmagrI meM sukha hotA to sAmagrI ke vidyamAna rahate sukha bhI rahatA, parantu sAmagrI jyoM kI tyoM vidyamAna rahatI hai aura sukha sUkha jAtA hai / sukha pratikSaNa kSINa hokara nIrasatA meM badala jAtA hai| ata: kAmanA pUrti meM sukha mAnanA bhayaMkara bhUla hai, ghora mithyAtva hai| sukha kAmanA ke abhAva meM hai, nirvikalpatA meM hai / nirvikalpatA yA darzana guNa hI cetanA kA mukhya guNa hai| nirvikalpa sthiti aura nirvikalpa anubhUti (bodha) kA antara nirvikalpa sthiti aura nirvikalpa anubhUti meM bahuta antara hai| sthitirUpa nirvikalpatA aneka prakAra se AtI hai, yathA- 1. nidrA 2. jar3atA 3. mUrcchA 4. bhogya padArthoM kI ajJAnatA 5. asamarthatA Adi kAraNa mukhya haiN| 1. nidrA se citta zAMtanirvikalpa ho jAtA hai, aisI nirvikalpatA janita zAnti hama sabako nidrA meM [6] jaitattva

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pratidina hotI hai| 2. davA ke yA iMjekzana ke prabhAva se zarIra ke kisI aMga yA pUre zarIra ko yA mastiSka ko zUnya (sunna) kara dene se usameM jar3atA A jAtI hai| phira usase saMbaMdhita vikalpa nahIM uThate haiM, aisI sthiti aspatAla meM aneka rogiyoM meM dekhI jA sakatI hai| 3. vedanA yA darda kI adhikatA se asahya sthiti hone para behozI-mUrchA A jAtI hai| isase bhI nirvikalpa-zAnti kI hI sthiti AtI hai| 4. jaba vyakti yA prANI ko indriya ke bhogya padArthoM kA jJAna yA jAnakArI nahIM hotI hai to usameM una padArthoM ko pAne kI kAmanA nahIM uThatI hai, isase tatsambandhI vikalpa paidA nahIM hote haiN| jaise- akabara aura samrATa azoka ke yuga meM reDiyo, TelIvijana, kAra, vAyuyAna, mobAIla pAne kA saMkalpa-vikalpa kisI ke mana meM nahIM uThatA thaa| usa vikalpa ke nahIM uThane se tatsambandhI kAmanA yA azAnti kisI ke mana meM nahIM hotI thii| jabaki Aja eka garIba bhikhArI kA citta bhI mobAIla ke na milane ke kAraNa azAnta dekhA jAtA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki jo bhogya padArthoM ke viSaya meM jitanA kama jAnatA hai, anajAna hai, usake utanI hI kAmanAe~ va vikalpa kama uThate haiM, usakI azAnti meM utanI kamI hotI hai| manuSya se pazuoM kA citta isI kAraNa adhika zAnta hai aura pazuoM se kITa-pataMga, kITa-paMtagoM se vRkSa Adi kama azAnta haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki manuSya se unake kama karma baMdhate haiN| jAnakArI ke kAraNa hI bhavanapatiyoM ke pAsa rahane vAle bhavanahIna jIva nArakIya jIvana bitAte haiN| bhavanapati unake duHkha ke nimitta kAraNa banate haiN| 5. jina vyaktiyoM ko bhogya padArthoM kI jAnakArI bhI hai, parantu unheM kraya karanA, prApta karanA unake vaza kI bAta nahIM hai| aisI sthiti meM bhI unake mana meM una vastuoM ko pAne kA saMkalpa, na milane kA vikalpa nahIM uThatA hai| jaise- eka bhikhArI ko kAra pAne, baMgalA banAne kA saMkalpa-vikalpa nahIM hotA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha nahIM hai ki vaha inheM nahIM cAhatA hai kAraNa ki Aja bhI usakI sAmarthya kraya karane va saMbhAla sakane kI ho, vyaya vahana karane kI ho athavA koI muphta denevAlA va vyaya vahana karane vAlA mila jAye, to vaha bhI ina vastuoM ko lene ko taiyAra ho jaayegaa| nidrA Adi uparyukta kAraNoM se hone vAlI nirvikalpa sthiti to prANI ke jIvana meM hotI hI rahatI hai| usase zAnti milatI hai| zakti kA saMcaya bhI hotA hai, parantu usa zAnti aura nirvikalpatA kA koI mahattva nahIM hai, jo nidrA, jar3atA, mUrchA, ajJAnatA aura asamarthatA ke kAraNa milatI hai| kAraNa ki ye saba sthitiyA~ jar3atA janita haiM tathA cetanA ke svabhAva ke viparIta haiM, hAnikAraka haiN| jIva-ajIva tattva [7]

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sAdhanA meM mahattva hai tyAga - tapa ke prabhAva se kaSAya ke anudaya se prakaTa cinmayatA evaM anubhava rUpa nirvikalpa bodha kA / yaha nirvikalpa anubhava do prakAra se hotA hai - 1. kaSAyoM ke upazama se evaM 2. kaSAyoM se kSaya se / kaSAyoM ke upazama se hone vAle nirvikalpa anubhava meM sattA meM kaSAyoM ke saMskAra rahate haiM, jo kucha kAla ( antarmuhUrta) pazcAt udaya meM Akara nirvikalpatA ko bhaGga kara dete haiN| ise jainAgama meM upazAnta mohanIya kahA hai / kaSAya ke sarvAMza meM kSaya se jo nirvikalpa bodha (anubhava) hotA hai, vaha sadA ke liye ho jAtA hai, ise kSINa mohanIya kahA hai / ataH nirvikalpa sthiti aura nirvikalpa anubhUti ina donoM meM bahuta antara hai / mahattva hai nirvikalpa anubhUti kA, nirvikalpa sthiti kA nahIM / mahattva nirvikalpatA kA nahIM, vikalpoM ke tyAga kA hai, nirvikalpa bodha kA hai| tyAgajanita nirvikalpatA hai, anubhUti kA hai| yaha sarvavidita (sabakI anubhUti ) hai ki kAmanA kI apUrti hI citta ko azAnta banAtI hai / koI bhI kAmanA utpanna hote hI pUrI nahIM ho jAtI, usakI pUrti zrama para, prayatna para nirbhara karatI hai / ata: pratyeka prANI ko kAmanA pUrti pUrva kAmanA apUrti kI sthiti se gujaranA par3atA hai| vaha sthiti citta kI azAnti va vikalpa kI dyotaka hai, kAmanA utpatti va apUrti citta ke saMkalpa-vikalpa kI kAraNa banatI hai| 1 isaliye jahA~ kAmanA hai, vahA~ azAnti hai / jitanI adhika kAmanAe~, utanI hI adhika azAnti / jitanI prabala kAmanAe~, utanI hI prabala azAnti / kAmanAe~ kisI bhI kAraNa se utpanna hoM, ve citta ko azAnta banAtI haiM / isIlie koI vyakti bahuta adhika kAmanAe~ karatA hai, to usakA citta ghora azAnta ho jAtA hai citta kI yaha sthiti nArakIya hai| isa saMsAra meM indriya sukha va bhoga kI sAmagrI agaNita hai| yadi koI una vastuoM ko pAne kI kAmanAe~ karane lage, to mastiSka itanA adhika azAnta ho jAyegA ki usake mastiSka kI koI bhI snAyu phaTakara raktasrAva 'hemareja ' ho sakatA hai, jisase lakavA, pAgalapana yA mRtyu bhI ho sakatI hai / jahA~ vikalpa hai, saMkalpa hai, kAmanA hai, vahA~ azAnti hai / nirvikalpatA meM hI zAnti hai, prasannatA hai / T vastutaH mahattva nirvikalpa bodha kA hai| usakI upalabdhi kAmanA pUrti ke sukha meM duHkha kA anubhava karane se hotI hai / jaba satya ke khojI ko isakA jJAna hotA hai jaitattva sA [8]

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ki kAmanApUrti kA sukha, sukha nahIM hai, sukhAbhAsa hai, parAdhInatA, jar3atA meM Abaddha karane vAlA hai, abhAva ke duHkha evaM citta kI azAnti ko utpanna karane vAlA hai, kSaNika hai, zakti kA hrAsa karane vAlA hai, taba use isa saccAI kA jJAna hotA hai ki duHkha kA kAraNa kamI nahIM hai, kAmanA hai| sukha, kAmanA pUrti meM nahIM, kAmanA ke abhAva meM hai| sukha, zAnti evaM svAdhInatA kI prApti kAmanApUrti meM nahIM, kAmanA ke tyAga meM hai| sukha ke bhogI ko duHkha bhoganA hI par3atA hai| saMsAra kA aisA koI duHkha nahIM hai, jisakA kAraNa kAmanA pUrti ke sukha kA bhoga na ho| ina tathyoM kA jaba anubhava ke stara para bodha hotA hai, taba kAmanA ke utpanna hone se hone vAlI azAnti kA pratyakSa anubhava hotA hai| use usa vikalpa va azAnti kA duHkha jaba sahana nahIM hotA hai, taba sAdhaka kAmanA kI utpatti ko duHkha kA kAraNa anubhava kara kAmanA kA tyAga karane ko tatpara hotA hai arthAt kAmanA na karane kA dRr3ha nizcaya karatA hai| isase sahaja svataH nirvikalpatA AtI hai| yaha anubhUti bAharI kAraNoM se utpanna na hokara antara se prasphuTita hotI hai| yaha nirvikalpatA, cinmayatA, mukti va svAdhInatA ko dene vAlI hai| isameM sAdhaka kA saccA hita va kalyANa hai| sukha bhoga kI kAmanA kA tyAga hI saccA tyAga hai, usI kA mahattva hai| sabhI vyakti pratidina mala-mUtra Adi kA visarjana karate hI haiN| noTasikke Adi mudrA dekara vastue~ kharIdate haiN| dukAna para grAhaka adhika Ane para kaI dukAnadAra bhojana chor3a dete haiN| mRtyu Ane para dhana, saMpatti, ghara-parivAra, zarIra ko chor3ate haiN| parantu yaha chor3anA tyAga nahIM hai| tyAga hai- sukha-bhoga ko du:khada jAnakara bhogya padArthoM kI kAmanA-mamatA kA tyAga karanA aura sAtha hI vastuoM kA bhI tyAga krnaa| aise jJAnapUrvaka tyAga se AvirbhUta nirvikalpa bodha hI saccI nirvikalpatA hai| isI kA mahattva hai| yahI vAstava meM kalyANakArI hai| isI meM prANI kA hita hai| darzana guNa kA phala : cetanA kA vikAsa jIvana meM mRtyu kA darzana kara leM to amaratva kI anubhUti ho jAye / saMyoga meM viyoga kA darzana kara leM, to nitya yoga kI anubhUti ho jaaye| viSaya-sukha meM duHkha kA anubhava (darzana) kara leM, to anavarata akSaya, akhaNDa ananta sukha kI upalabdhi ho jaaye| viSayabhoga meM roga (vikAra) kA darzana kara leM, to nirvikAratva kI, Arogya kI, svasthatA kI upalabdhi ho jaae| amaratva, nirvikAratva, akSaya, jIva-ajIva tattva [9]

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akhaNDa, ananta sukha kI anubhUti honA hI zarIra, saMsAra va samasta duHkhoM se mukta honA hai| yahA~ 'darzana' zabda kA artha dekhanA nahIM hai| pratyuta saMvedanazIlatA kA anubhava karanA hai| saMvedanazIlatA kA anubhava zAntacitta meM hI hotA hai| citta zAnta nirvikalpatA se hotA hai| nirvikalpatA kAmanA ke abhAva se, cAha rahita hone se hI hotI hai| zAnta citta meM hI vicAra yA viveka kA udaya hotA hai| isIlie jainAgama meM darzana ke vikAsa ke sAtha jJAna ke vikAsa kI bAta kahI hai| jitanA darzana kA vikAsa hotA hai, utanI hI saMvedanazIlatA bar3hatI hai| arthAt cetanA kA vikAsa hotA hai| darzana kA vikAsa hotA hai, kAmanA(cAha kI icchA) ke arthAt ArtadhyAna ke tyAga se, prakArAntara se kaheM, to moha kI kamI se| darzana ke vikAsa se cetanA kA vikAsa hotA hai evaM viveka kA udaya hotA hai| buddhi kA upayoga bhoga bhogane meM karanA jJAna kA vikAsa nahIM hai| jJAna kA vikAsa satya kA darzana karane se arthAt satya kA anubhava karane se hotA hai| yaha niyama hai ki jitanA-jitanA satya kA anubhava hotA jAtA hai, utanI-utanI jar3atA, parAdhInatA, cintA, khinnatA chUTatI jAtI hai| nizcintatA, nirbhayatA, cetanatA, svAdhInatA, prasannatA bar3hatI jAtI hai| yahI jIvana hai| darzana-guNa nirvikalpatA kI upalabdhiyA~ 1. lAbha-alAbha, sukha-du:kha, mAna-apamAna, anukUlatA-pratikUlatA meM harSa zoka na karanA samatA hai| samatA meM nirvikalpatA hotI hai| nirvikalpatA hI darzana hai| nirvikalpatA se hI cinmayatA, jAgarUkatA AtI hai, arthAt svasaMvedana se zarIra meM sthita caitanya ke pradezoM kI anubhUti hotI hai| yahI 'darzana' guNa yA upayoga kA prakaTa honA hai, darzanAvaraNa kA haTanA hai, kSayopazama hai| 2. nirvikalpatA hai citta kA zAnta honaa| zAnta citta meM hI vicAra kA, jJAna kA udaya hotA hai| yaha jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA kSayopazama hai| 3. rAga-dveSa na karane se nirvikalpatA AtI hai| ataH rAga-dveSa yA moha ke haTane yA ghaTane se nirvikalpatA Ane se sva-saMvadena rUpa 'darzana' (guNa yA upayoga) tathA vicAra kA udaya rUpa 'jJAna' (guNa yA upayoga) kA prakaTIkaraNa hotA hai| nirvikalpatA kAmanA rahita hone se AtI hai| kAmanA rahita hone se abhAva kA abhAva hotA hai arthAt aizvarya prakaTa hotA hai, yahI lAbhAntarAya kA kSayopazama hai| [10] jainatattva sAra

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5. 6. 7. 8. 9. nirvikalpatA se nija rasa kA AsvAdana - anubhava hotA hai, yaha bhogAntarAya karma kA kSayopazama hai / nija rasa- AtmAnubhava kA nirantara banA rahanA upabhogAntarAya karma kA kSayopazama hai| nirvikalpatA vahIM saMbhava hai jahA~ kartRtvabhAva nahIM hai arthAt jahA~ aprayatna hai evaM akriyatA hai / aprayatna honA hI asamarthatA kA aMta karanA hai / yaha vIryAntarAya karma kA kSayopazama hai / nirvikalpa sAdhaka ko apane lie saMsAra se kucha nahIM cAhiye / usakA sArA jIvana jagat ke hita yA kalyANa ke lie hotA hai / usake hRdaya meM karuNA kA sAgara umar3atA rahatA hai, yahI dAnAntarAya karma kA kSayopazama yA kSaya hai / nirvikalpatA nirdoSatA kI dyotaka hai| yahI cAritra mohanIya kA upazama yA kSaya rUpa cAritra hai / 10. nirvikalpatA meM 'yathAbhUta tathAgata' kA arthAt jo jaisA hai, use vaisA hI anubhava karane rUpa ( bodha, vijJAna) satya kA sAkSAtkAra hotA hai| yahI samyagdarzana hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki nirvikalpatA yA samatA se caitanya ke nava guNoM yA nau upalabdhiyoM kA prakaTIkaraNa hotA hai / yahI nava kSAyikabhAva, cetanA ke mukhya guNa haiM / nirvikalpatA yA samatA (samabhAva) hI sAmAyika hai| yahI dhyAna hai, yahI sAdhanA hai, yahI mukti kA mArga hai| 11. karma - siddhAntAnusAra jitanI - jitanI nirvikalpatA sthAyI hotI jAtI hai, utanIutanI samatA puSTa hotI jAtI hai / samatA meM sthita rahanA hI dharma-sAdhanA hai, dharma dhyAna hai tathA jitanA rAga-dveSa kama hotA jAtA hai utane- utane duSkarmoM (pApoM) ke sthiti va anubhAga ghaTate jAte haiM arthAt karmoM kI nirjarA hotI jAtI hai| 12. darzana guNa kI paripUrNatA hI prakaTa honA (kevala darzana) hI svarUpa meM avasthita honA hai, sAdhya ko prApta karanA hai / jIva ke prakAra jIva do prakAra ke haiM saMsAratthA yA siddhA ya, duvihA jIvA viyAhiyA jIva-ajIva tattva uttarAdhyayana sUtra a. 36 gA. 44 [11]

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arthAt saMsArastha aura siddha do prakAra ke jIva haiN| sarvathA karmayukta AtmA ko siddha kahate haiM aura saMsAra meM sthita AtmA karmoM se baMdhA hotA hai use saMsArastha (saMsArI) kahate haiN| saMsArI jIva do prakAra ke haiMsaMsAratthA u je jIvA, duvihA te viyAhiyA tasA thAvarA cev|| - uttarAdhyayana sUtra a. 36 gA. 68 arthAt saMsArI jIva do prakAra ke haiM- trasa aura sthaavr| jisameM jAnane, dekhane (anubhava) karane kI zakti ho, cetanA guNa ho, vaha jIva hai| jIva ke 14 bheda haiM: egidiya suhumiyarA, sanniyara paNiMdiyA ya sviticu| apajjattA pajattA, kameNa caudasa jia tthaannaa|| artha - 1. ekendriya sUkSma, 2. ekendriya bAdara, 3. dvIndriya, 4. trIndriya, 5. caturindriya, 6. asaMjJI paMcendriya aura 6. saMjJI paMcendriya ina sAta prakAra ke jIvoM ke paryAptA aura aparyAptA kula 14 prakAra ke jIva haiN| saMjJI-asaMjJI - jaina darzana meM mana vAle jIva saMjJI kahalAte haiM aura jinake mana nahIM ve jIva asaMjJI kahalAte haiN| sUkSma aura bAdara ekendriya, dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya jIvoM ke paryAptA aura aparyAptA jIva asaMjJI hI hote haiN| paMcendriya jIva asaMjJI aura saMjJI donoM prakAra ke hote haiN| inameM saMjJI paMcendriya kA paryAptA aura aparyAptA jIva saMjJI hai| zeSa bAraha prakAra ke jIva asaMjJI haiN| paryAptA aura aparyAptA - paryAptiH nAma shktiH| arthAt vaha vizeSa zakti jisase jIva pudgala ko grahaNa karake unheM AhAra, zarIra, indriya Adi rUpoM meM pariNata karatA hai, paryApti kahI jAtI hai| paryApti 6 haiM:- AhAra sriirindiypjjtii-aann-paann-bhaas-mnne| arthAt 1. AhAra paryApti, 2. zarIra paryApti, 3. indriya paryApti, 4. zvAsocchvAsa paryApti, 5. bhASA paryApti aura 6. mana paryApti / ye 6 paryAptiyA~ haiN| uparyukta paryAptiyoM meM pahale kI cAra paryAptiyA~ ekendriya jIva meM milatI hai| chaH hI paryAptiyA~ kevala saMjJI paMcendriya meM milatI hai| zeSa pAMca paryApti dvIndriya se asaMjJI paMcendriya jIvoM meM milatI hai| [12] jainatattva sAra

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jisa jIva meM jitanI paryApti honI cAhie jaba taka utanI paryApti pUrNa nahIM kara pAtA hai, taba taka use aparyApta kahate haiN| jaba jIva apane prApta karane yogya paryAptiyA~ pUrNa kara letA hai, taba vaha jIva paryApta kahA jAtA hai| jIva ke lakSaNa nANaM ca dasaNaM ceva carittaM ca tavo thaa| vIriyaM uvaogo ya eyaM jIvassa lkkhnnN|| - uttarAdhyayana a. 28-11 artha- jJAna, darzana, cAritra, tapa, vIrya aura upayoga jisameM ho, use jIva kahate haiN| ye sattA kI apekSA saba jIvoM meM hai, parantu saMsArI jIvoM meM ghAti karmoM ke baMdha se ina guNoM kA ghAta hotA hai aura karmoM ke kSayopazama ke anusAra inakA nyUnAdhika prakaTIkaraNa hotA hai| inakA vizeSa varNana lekhaka kI 'baMdha tattva' pustaka meM paThanIya hai| jaina darzana meM varNita ekendriya jIvoM ke pA~ca bheda prastuta pustaka ke lekhaka ne 'vijJAna ke Aloka meM pRSTha 9 se 142 taka jIva tattva kA vivecana kiyA hai| AtmA kA astitva kA vivecana pRSTha 9 se 13 taka kiyA hai| isake pazcAt 1. pRthvIkAya, 2. apakAya, 3. teukAya, 4. vAyukAya aura 5 vanaspati kAya kA vivecana kiyA hai| lekhaka ne inameM meM se prathama cAra bhedoM kI sajIvatA ko pramANita karane kA vivecana (pR. 14 se 35) bIsa se adhika pRSThoM meM kiyA hai| isake pazcAt vanaspatikAya kI sajIvatA kA vivecana hai| vanaspatiyA~ halate-calate jIva-jantuoM, kITa-pataMgoM, pazu-pakSiyoM va mAnavoM kA AhAra bhI karatI haiN| vanaspati-vijJAna meM aisI vanaspatiyoM ko mAMsAhArI vanaspatiyA~ kahA gayA hai| inake vistRta varNana se vanaspati-zAstra bhare par3e haiN| mAMsAhArI-vanaspatiyA~ - inake sarvAdhika jaMgala AsTreliyA meM haiN| ina jaMgaloM ko pAra karate hue manuSya ina vicitra vRkSoM ko dekhane ke lie jaise hI inake pAsa jAte haiM, ina vRkSoM kI DAliyA~ aura jaTAe~ inheM apanI lapeTa meM jakar3a letI haiM jinase chuTakArA pAnA sahaja kArya nahIM hai| tasmAniyA ke pazcimI vanoM meM horijiMTala skraba' nAmaka vRkSa hotA hai| yaha Agantuka pazu-pakSI va manuSya ko apane krUra paMjoM kA zikAra banA letA hai| yahA~ jIva-ajIva tattva [13]

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taka ki yadi koI ghur3asavAra bhI isake pAsa se gujare to yaha use bhI apanA AhAra banA letA hai| (pRSTha 73 ) 'aphrIkA mahAdvIpa tathA meDAgAskara dvIpa ke saghana jaMgaloM meM kahIM-kahIM mAnavabhakSI vRkSa milate haiM, jo manuSyoM aura jaMgalI jAnavaroM ko apanA zikAra banAte haiN| kahA jAtA hai ki eka manuSya-bhakSI vRkSa kI U~cAI 25 phuTa taka hotI hai| ye zAkhAe~ 1-2 phuTa lambe kAMToM se bharI rahatI haiM / isa prakaraNa meM mAMsAhArI vanaspatiyoM kA vistAra se vivecana hai / (pRSTha 75) kITa - bhakSI paudhe - ye paudhe kIr3e-makaur3e pakar3akara khAte haiN| yuTrIkuleriyaDa isI jAti kA paudhA hai / yaha uttarI amerikA, AsTreliyA, dakSiNI aphrIkA, nyUjIlaiMDa, bhArata tathA kucha anya dezoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| - 'baTara - vArTa paudhA bhI kIr3oM ko pakar3ane va khAne kI kalA meM bar3A pravINa hotA hai / baTaravArTa ke phUla bahuta sundara hote haiM aura isake samparka meM Ane vAlA becArA kITa yaha kalpanA bhI nahIM kara pAtA ki itane raMga-biraMge sundara phUloM vAlA yaha paudhA prANaghAtaka bhI ho sakatA hai / (pRSTha 74) vizeSa jJAtavya vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie lekhaka kI pUrva prakAzita pustaka 'vijJAna ke Aloka meM jIva - ajIva tattva' meM nimnAMkita prakaraNa paThanIya hai| pustaka ke prArambha meM pRthvIkAya, apakAya, teukAya, vAyukAya kI sajIvatA kI vijJAna se puSTi kI gaI hai| (pR. 14 se 35 ) isake pazcAt vanaspati meM saMvedanazIlatA nAmaka prakaraNa meM pRSTha 36 se 115 taka lagabhaga 80 pRSTho meM diyA gayA hai jisake antargata vaijJAnika yaMtra gelvomITara aura polIgrApha Adi se siddha huA ki vanaspati meM 1. saca - jhUTha pahacAnanA, 2 . sahAnubhUti honA] 3. dayArdra honA, 4 . hatyAroM ko pahacAnanA Adi aneka kSamatAe~ haiM / vijJAna jagata meM sajIvatA kI siddhi daza vizeSatAoM se hotI hai yathA - 1. sacetanatA, 2. spaMdanazIlatA, 3. zArIrika gaThana, 4. bhojana, 5. vardhana, 6. zvasana, 7. prajanana, 8. anukUlana, 9. visarjana, 10. maraNa / tadanantara Age 8 pRSThoM meM inakA prayogAtmaka vizleSaNa karake vanaspati kArya kI sajIvatA kA vivecana kiyA gayA [ 14 ] jaitattva sA

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hai| tatpazcAt vanaspatikAya ke AgamAnusAra bheda-prabheda ko vaijJAnika pramANa se siddha kiyA gayA hai| isakA vistRta varNana dekhane ke lie lekhaka kI pustaka "vijJAna ke Aloka meM jIva-ajIva tattva' (pRSTha 43 se 52 taka) kA avalokana kiyA jA sakatA hai| tatpazcAt vanaspati ke bhedoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| vanaspati meM AhAra, bhaya maithuna aura parigraha ye cAroM saMjJAe~ vidyamAna haiN| inameM AhArasaMjJA para sthAnAMga, jIvAbhigama, pannavaNApada, bhagavatI Adi jaina sUtroM meM pratipAdita romAhAra, ojAhAra ke uddharaNoM ko udAharaNoM se (pRSTha 60 se 86 taka) prastuta kiyA gayA hai| isameM vanaspati dvArA vanaspati kA AhAra (amaravelAdi) karatI hai| bhayasaMjJA meM vanaspati dvArA bhayabhIta honA aura apanI rakSA kA upAya karanA, maithuna saMjJA meM garbhAdhAna Adi aura parigraha saMjJA meM vanaspati dvArA saMgraha vRtti kA udAharaNa hai| vanaspati meM krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha rUpa cAroM kaSAya hone ke pramANa evaM udAharaNa pRSTha 76 se 100 taka die haiN| vanaspati meM upayoga' prakaraNa meM mati-zruta jJAna, acakSu darzana Adi ke pramANa evaM udAharaNa pRSTha 100-105 taka die haiN| vanaspati meM kRSNa, nIla, kapota aura tejasa lezyAoM ke udAharaNasa pramANa pRSTha 105 se 109 taka die haiN| vanaspati meM Ayu (4600 varSa ke vRkSa), U~cAI 500 phuTa, udyota nAma karma Adi vizeSatAoM kA varNana pRSTha 109-112 taka hai| isa prakAra vanaspati meM sajIvatA saMvedanazIlatA ke pramANa evaM udAharaNa pRSTha 36 se 115 taka meM hai| trasakAya kA vivecana pRSTha 116-139 taka hai, isameM kaMTaka-kavaca, rADAra machalI, TelIphona-kharagoza, jeTa-jhIMgA, vidyuta machalI, eriyala eDamirala, kaTAra TiMrgara, viSadarzI-makkhI, zikArI herI-hudahuda, gaisa cAlaka skaMka, bakhtarabanda kachuA, panaDubI hvela, ainakadhArI meMDhaka, makar3I kA mAyAjAla, kapaTI koyala, jebadhArI kaMgAru, vAstuzilpI zakunI, bhAravAhI cIMTiyA, samAdhidhArI sarpa, gati kA dhanI garuDa, vilakSaNajJAnI pakSI, vaikriya rUpadhArI giragiTa, buddhimattA kaThaphor3avA vArtAlApa pazu-pakSiyoM kA Adi ke udAharaNa haiN| udyota nAma karma prakaraNa meM pradIpI vanaspatiyA~ evaM trasajIva, nAkTIlyUkA, jelIphiza, sipriDAigA, grava, lAlaTena machalI, juganU Adi ke udAharaNa haiM / trasakAya meM lezyA, jJAna-darzana upayoga Adi kA vivecana evaM udAharaNa prastuta kie gae haiN| jIva-ajIva tattva [15]

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ajIva tattva kA svarUpa jo cetanA guNa se rahita ho, sar3ana, galana, vidhvaMsana svabhAva vAlA ho, varNa, baMdha, rasa, sparza se yukta ho, jJAna-darzana upayoga se hIna ho, jar3atva yukta ho, jIvatva se vihIna ho use ajIva kahate haiN| ajIva ke pA~ca bheda dhammo adhammo AgAsaM kAlo puggala jNtvo| esa logutti paNNatto jiNehiM vrdNsiihi|| - uttarAdhyayana a. 28 gA.7 arthAt - dharma, adharma, AkAza, kAla aura pudgala ye pAMca ajIva dravya tathA eka jIva dravya ko milAkara kula chaha dravyarUpa yaha 'loka' hai| ajIva ke bhedaHdhammA'dhammA''gAsA, tiatia bheyA taheva addhaay| khaMdha, desa paesa paramANu ajIva cudshaa| arthAt - dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya aura AkAzastikAya ina tInoM ke skandha, deza aura pradeza rUpa se 9 bheda hote haiN| kAla kA eka bheda hai evaM pudgala ke skaMdha, deza, pradeza aura pramANu ye cAra bheda haiN| ye saba milakara ajIva ke 14 bheda haiN| dhammA'dhammA puggala, naha kAlo paMca huMti ajiivaa| calaNa-sahAvo dhammo, thira-saMThANe ahammo y|| avagAho AgAsaM, puggala jIvANa puggalA cuhaa| khaMdhA desa paesA, paramANU ceva naayvvaa|| artha - dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya, AkAzAstikAya, pudgalAstikAya aura kAla ye pAMca ajIva dravya haiN| jo calane meM sahAyaka nimitta banatI hai, vaha dharmAstikAya hai| jo sthira hone meM sahAyaka nimitta banatI hai, vaha adharmAstikAya hai| jo jIva aura pudgala kA sthAna dene meM sahAyaka hai vaha AkAzAstikAya hai| vartana-parivartana kAla kA lakSaNa hai| pUraNa, galana, vidhvaMsana guNavAlA pudgala hai| Adhunika vijJAna meM 'Ithara' dravya meM aura dharmAstikAya meM samAnatA hai| vijJAna jagata meM AkarSaNa zakti kA eka rUpa, gurutvAkarSaNa kA kSetra sAmane AyA hai jisameM [16] jainatattva sAra

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adharmAstikAya ke prAyaH sabhI guNa pAye jAte haiN| AkAzAstikAya aura kAla kA vaijJAnika rUpa meM vivecana pustaka meM kiyA gayA hai| vijJAna meM pudgala ke Thosa, dravya, vAyavya aura UrjA - ye cAra rUpoM ko paramANu se nirmita hI mAnatA hai| vijJAna kI dRSTi meM maulika dravya vaha hai jisameM anya dravya kA mizraNa nahIM hai| hAiDrojana, hIliyama Adi 103 tattva mAnatA hai| jo paramANu ke hI rUpa haiN| pudgala ke skandha, deza, pradeza, paramANu, sthUla-sUkSma ke chaha bheda-prabheda, pudgala kI vizeSatAe~-gatizIlatA apratighAtitva, pariNAmI-nityatva, saghanatA-sUkSmatA Adi kA vaijJAnika samarthana kiyA gayA hai| tatpazcAt 'pudgala kI viziSTa paryAya' prakaraNa meM pudgala kA varNana karate hue kahA hai saiMdhayAra ujjoo, pabhA chAyA''tave i y| vaNNarasagaMdhaphAsA, puggalANa tu lkkhnnN|| uttarAdhyayana 28.12 arthAt - zabda, aMdhakAra, udyema, prabhA, chAyA, Atapa varNa, rasa, gaMdha aura sparza ye saba pudgala ke lakSaNoM kA vijJAna ke pariprekSya vistAra se vivecana kiyA gayA hai: ___dhvani ke vividha upayoga, cikitsA meM upayoga, chAyA citrAMkana meM upayoga kapar3e dhone meM upayoga, ilekTronika upayoga, tIna prakAra ke zabda, ajIva zabda, reta kA gIta gAnA Adi zabda kI gati, bhASA ke bhinna aura abhinna rUpa, tama aura chAyA, prabhA, udyota, Atapa Adi kA lagabhaga 30 pRSThoM meM vistAra se vaijJAnika nirUpaNa hai| isa prakAra 100 se adhika pRSThoM meM ajIva dravya kA varNana hai| vistRta jAnakArI ke lie lekhaka kI pustaka 'vijJAna ke Aloka meM jIva-ajIva tattva' kA avalokana kiyA jA sakatA hai| vizeSa jJAtavya (ajIva tattva) vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie pUrva prakAzita pustaka 'jIva-ajIva tattva' meM nimnAMkita prakaraNa paThanIya haiN| ajIta tattva meM- 1. dharmAstikAya-Ithara, 2. adharmAstikAya-gurutvAkarSaNa Adi, 3. AkAzAstikAya, 4. kAladravya - ina cAroM kA vivecana vijJAna ke pariprekSya meM pRSTha 143 se 164 taka pudgaladravya kA varNana pRSTha 165 se 241 taka 77 pRSThoM meM diyA gayA hai| jisakA varNana nimna prakAra hai jIva-ajIva tattva [17]

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isameM vijJAna kI dRSTi meM pudgala dravya evaM tattva, skandha - deza-pradeza, paramANu, skandha ke bheda, atisthUla, sthUla, sthUla sUkSma, sUkSmasthUla, sUkSma evaM ati sUkSma ye chaha bheda batAe haiN| paramANu kA vaijJAnika rUpa, pudgala zakti, pudgala baMdha, dravya, guNa, paryAya, pudgala ke guNa-varNana, gaMdha, rasa, sparza / pudgala kI vizeSatAe~- gatizIlatA, apratighAtitva, pariNAmI - nityatva, saghanatA - sUkSmatA kI vijJAna se puSTi kI hai I pudgala kI paryAyeM (avasthAe~ ) - jaina darzana kI vaijJAnikatA, zabda paryAya, dhvani ke vividha prayoga, cikitsA meM upayoga, chAyA citrAMkana meM upayoga, kapar3e dhone meM upayoga, ilaikTronika saMgIta, reta kA gIta, mizra zabda, bhASA pudgala, zabda kA vargIkaraNa, zabda kI gati, bhASA ke abhinna aura bhinna rUpa, tama aura chAyA, prabhA-udyota, Atapa-tApa ina samasta viSayoM ke vivecana meM vaijJAnika siddhAnta, prayoga, udAharaNa, pramANa se puSTi kI gaI hai / jIva- ajIva dravya aura jIva- ajIva tattva meM antara jIva evaM ajIva dravya kA pratipAdana loka meM inakI avasthiti kI dRSTi se kiyA gayA hai| isameM yaha bhI pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai ki dravya meM guNa hotA hai evaM usakI paryAya hotI hai / tattva zabda bhAvavAcaka hai / isameM jIva - ajIva tattva kA vivecana bandhana evaM mukti kI prakriyA ko samajhane kI dRSTi se kiyA gayA hai| dravya vastu ke bAhyAkAra prakAra - AkRti - prakRti kA varNana karatA hai, bhAvavAcaka tattva-zabda kA saMbaMdha jIva se hai| jIvatva, cetanatva (cinmayatA) aura ajIvatva (jar3atA acetanatA) kI vAstavikatA kA bhAvAtmaka anubhavAtmaka jJAna bheda vijJAna hI samyagdarzana hai / samyagdarzana ke abhAva meM koI kitanA bhI saMsAra ke viSaya meM jJAnArjana kare vaha mithyAjJAna ajJAna hI hotA hai / samyagdarzana hone ke pazcAt saMsAra ke viSaya meM koI kucha bhI jAne, kucha bhI mAnyatA rakhe, vaha usakA upayoga vikAra dUra karane meM hI karegA / ataH vaha samyakjJAna meM pariNata hogA / mithyAdRSTi jo bhI par3hegA usakA upayoga - bhoga sAmagrI saMgrahita karane, bhoga bhogane meM karegA / ataH mahattva usa jJAna kA hai jo saMsAra se zarIra se saMbaMdha viccheda karane, virati utpanna karane meM sahAyaka ho / ataH sAdhaka ke lie jisa sAdhanA se vaha aMtarmukhI ho svasaMvedana ke rUpa meM jar3a se cetana kI pRthaktA kA spaSTa anubhava kare, caitanya ke 1 jaitattva sA [ 18 ]

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I vilakSaNa rasa kA anubhava kare jisase viSaya - sukha, viSa rUpa duHkhada lage aura unake tyAgane ke tIvra utkaNThA jage / kyoMki jo kriyA jisa lakSya se kI jAtI hai, vaha usI lakSya kI aMga hotI hai / mithyAtvI kI saba kriyA mithyAtva kA poSaNa karane vAlI hotI hai / * Amukha' (jIva- ajIva tattva pustaka se uddhRta bhUmikA) - DaoN0 dharmacanda jaina 1 paM. zrI kanhaiyAlAlajI lor3hA jaina Agama evaM karmasiddhAnta ke pAramparika vidvAn hone ke sAtha eka pratibhAsampanna tattva-cintaka, adhyAtma-sAdhaka, naye arthoM ke anveSaka evaM prajJAsampanna puruSa haiN| unake jIvana meM rAga-dveSa kA nivAraNa karane kI bAta hI pramukha rahatI hai / dharma ko bhI ve usI dRSTi se dekhate hai / dharma kA phala haivItarAgatA, zAnti, mukti evaM prema / isa dharma ko jIvana meM apanAne ke sAtha ve kAmanA, mamatA evaM ahaMtA ke tyAgapUrvaka duHkha se mukta hone kI preraNA karate haiM / bacapana se Apa satya ke anveSaka evaM poSaka rahe haiM / apanI jijJAsAvRtti ke kAraNa Apane gaNita, bhUgola, arthazAstra, rAjanItizAstra, vijJAna Adi vividha viSayoM kA rucipUrvaka gahana adhyayana kiyA hai / abhI bhI Apa bI. bI. sI. evaM vAyasa oNpha amerikA ke jJAna vijJAna se sambaddha samAcAra niyamita rUpa se sunate haiM / Adhunika yuga meM vijJAna ke prati logoM kA rujhAna bar3hA hai / Agama meM kahe gae tathyoM kA parIkSaNa bhI ve vijJAna ke AdhAra para karane lage haiN| yahI nahIM, yuvA pIr3hI kA AgamoM ke prati AkarSaNa samAptaprAyaH ho gayA hai| dharma kI apekSA unakI zraddhA vaijJAnika sukha-suvidhAoM kI ora bar3hane lagI hai / aisI sthiti meM Agama ko vijJAna ke prakAza meM dekhanA atyanta Avazyaka hai / zrI lor3hA sA. ne isa dizA meM prayAsa kara 'vijJAna evaM manovijJAna ke pariprekSya meM dharma' nAma se eka pustaka bhI likhI, jisakI pANDulipi puraskRta huI, kintu vaha aprakAzita rUpa meM hI lupta ho gii| usI pustaka ke eka aMza rUpa meM yaha pustaka hai- jIva- ajIva tttv| 1 isa pustaka meM jaina AgamoM meM nirUpita jIva evaM ajIva dravyoM ke svarUpa ko vijJAna ke Aloka meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai / jIvAbhigama, prajJApanA, sthAnAMga Adi sUtroM meM jIva evaM ajIva kA vistRta nirUpaNa hai| jaina darzana meM mukti prApta karane ke lie samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritra kA ArAdhana anivArya hai aura jIva- ajIva tattva [19]

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samyagdarzana Adi ke lie jIva, ajIva, puNya, pApa, Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, baMdha evaM mokSa sahita nava tattvoM ko jAnanA evaM una para zraddhAna karanA Avazyaka hai| lekhaka ne sabhI navatattvoM para lekhana kiyA hai| unameM sabase prathama jIva evaM ajIva tattva para yaha pustaka prakAzita hai| Age puNya-pApa, Asrava-saMvara Adi tattvoM para bhI pustaka prakAzita karane kA lakSya hai| jIva evaM ajIva ye do tattva pramukha haiN| puNya-pApa Adi zeSa sAta (tattvArtha sUtra ke anusAra Asrava, saMvara Adi pA~ca) tattva jIva evaM ajIva ke saMyoga evaM viyoga se hI niSpanna hote haiN| jIva evaM ajIva dravya bhI haiM tathA 'tattva' bhii| tattva bhAva rUpa hote haiM tathA dravya sat ruup| mukti ke lie tattva ko samajhanA Avazyaka hai, tathApi bhautika yuga meM dravyoM kI upekSA nahIM kI jA sakatI, isalie isa pustaka meM jIva evaM ajIva kA varNana dravya ke rUpa meM hI adhika huA hai| vijJAna ke anusAra saMsAra ke samasta padArthoM ko do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai- 1. sajIva aura 2. nirjiiv| jina padArthoM meM cetanatA, spandana zIlatA, zvasana Adi kriyAoM ke sAtha AhAra grahaNa karane, bar3hane, prajanana karane jaisI pravRttiyA~ pAyI jAtI haiM ve sajIva kahe jAte haiM tathA zeSa samasta padArtha nirjIva mAne gae haiN| jaina AgamoM meM jIva kA pramukha lakSaNa jJAna evaM darzana arthAt jAnanA evaM saMvedanazIla honA hai, kintu vijJAna ke dvArA nirdhArita anya lakSaNa bhI jIva meM svIkAra karane meM jainAgamoM ko Apatti nahIM hai| parantu ve lakSaNa saMsArI jIvoM para hI lAgU hoMge, siddha athavA mukta jIvoM para nhiiN| __Agama ke anusAra jIva do prakAra ke haiM- saMsAra aura siddh| vijJAna ke dvArA nirdhArita lakSaNa saMsArI jIvoM para hI lAgU hote haiM, siddha jIvoM para nhiiN| abhI vaijJAnikoM ko Atma-tattva athavA zarIra se bhinna jIva-tattva kA pratipAdana karanA zeSa hai, kyoMki AtmA arUpI evaM apaudagalika hone ke kAraNa paudagalika prayogoM kI pakar3a meM nahIM AtA, tathApi parAmanovijJAna jaisI vaijJAnika zAkhAeM AtmA ke astitva evaM punarjanma kI siddhi ke lie prayatnazIla haiN| jIva ke bhedoM kA jainadarzana meM vividha rUpoM meM nirUpaNa hai| gati kI dRSTi se saMsArI jIva cAra prakAra ke haiM- narakagati meM rahane vAle, tiryaMcagati meM rahane vAle, manuSyagati meM rahane vAle aura devagati meM rahane vaale| indriyoM kI dRSTi se ve pA~ca prakAra ke haiM- ekendriya, dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya evaM pNcendriy| sthAvara evaM [20] jainatattva sAra

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trasa ke bheda se ye jIva do prakAra ke bhI haiM, kintu lekhaka ne kAyA kI dRSTi se pratipAdita chaha bhedoM ko pramukhatA dekara unakA kramazaH nirUpaNa kiyA hai| ve chaha bheda haiM- pRthvIkAya, apkAya, tejaskAya, vAyukAya, vanaspatikAya aura trskaay| inameM se pRthvIkAya se lekara vanaspatikAya taka ke jIvoM meM eka sparzanendriya pAyI jAtI hai tathA ye sthAvara kahe jAte haiN| inameM se vAyu evaM tejas ke gatizIla hone ke kAraNa inheM kisI apekSA se trasa kahA gayA hai (tejovAyudvIndriyAdayazca trasAHtattvArtha sUtra) anyathA dvIndriya se lekara paMcendriya taka ke jIva hI trasa kahe jAte haiN| gatizIla hone ke kAraNa anya darzanoM meM inheM jaMgama kahA gayA hai| vanaspatikAya meM AhAra, bhaya, maithuna evaM parigraha rUpa cAra saMjJAoM, krodha, mAna, mAyA evaM lobha rUpa cAra kaSAyoM, kRSNAdi cAra lezyAoM kI bhI lekhaka ne vividha vaijJAnika udAharaNa dekara puSTi kI hai| per3a-paudhe kitane saMvedanazIla hote haiM yaha isa pustaka meM bhalI bhAMti puSTa huA hai| per3a-paudhoM meM pAyI jAne vAlI vicitra vizeSatAe~ bhI rocaka bana par3I haiN| kucha per3a-paudhe saca-jhUTha ko pahacAnate haiM tathA manuSya kI bhAMti sahAnubhUti dikhA sakate haiN| ajIva dravya pAMca prakAra kA hai- dharma, adharma, AkAza, kAla aura pudgl| inameM se kAla apradezI hai tathA zeSa cAra dravya astikAya rUpa haiN| dharma dravya gati meM sahAyaka nimitta hai, adharma dravya sthiti meM sahAyaka nimitta hai, AkAza samasta dravyoM ko sthAna detA hai tathA kAla vartanA lakSaNa yukta hai| dharmadravya kI samatA Ithara se, adharmadravya kI samatA gurutvAkarSaNa se kI gaI hai| AkAza evaM kAla vijJAna ke lie aparicita nahIM hai, kintu AkAza ke Agamika varNana evaM vaijJAnika varNana meM anupama samAnatA hai, isakA AbhAsa isa pustaka se pAThakoM ko avazya hogaa| jainadharma meM kAla kI sUkSmatama ikAI 'samaya' hai jo vartamAna ANavika ghar3iyoM se mApe gae sUkSmatama kAla se bhI choTA hai| lekhaka ne kAla kA atyanta vaijJAnika DhaMga se varNana kiyA hai| 'pudgala' jaina darzana kA aisA pAribhASika zabda hai jisake antargata vijJAna sammata samasta padArthoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai| AgamoM meM usa pratyeka dravya ko pudgala kahA gayA hai jo varNa, gandha, rasa evaM sparza se yukta hotA hai| yaha eka paramANu se lekara eka skandha taka ho sakatA hai| sabameM varNa, gandha, rasa evaM sparza anivArya rUpa se pAe jAte haiM / paryAya parivartana kI dRSTi se eka dravya dUsare varNa, rasa, gandha evaM jIva-ajIva tattva [21]

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sparza meM athavA svayaM ke varNAdi meM parivartita hotA rahatA hai| vijJAna meM dravya kI tIna avasthAeM svIkAra kI gaI hai- Thosa, dravya aura gaisa / eka dravya 'jala' paryAya parivartana ke kAraNa tInoM avasthAoM ko grahaNa kara sakatA hai| barpha kI paryAya meM vaha Thosa, jala kI paryAya meM dravya tathA bhApa kI paryAya meM gaisa avasthA ko dhAraNa kara letA hai| pudgala kI zakti bhI pudgala kI eka paryAya hai| usameM bhI dravyamAna hotA hai| karma ke rUpa meM pudgaloM kA hI AtmA se baMdha hotA hai| baMdha meM snigdhatA evaM rUkSatA ko jainadarzana nimitta mAnatA hai to vijJAna meM dhana vidyata evaM RNa vidyuta svIkAra kI gaI hai| pudgala meM gatizIlatA, apratighAtitva, pariNAmI-nityatva Adi vizeSatAoM kA ullekha karane ke sAtha zrIyuta lor3hA sA. ne zabda, andhakAra, udyota, chAyA, Atapa Adi paudgalika paryAyoM kA bhI vistAra se vaijJAnika pratipAdana kiyA hai| isa prakAra yaha pustaka jaina darzana ke anurUpa jIva evaM ajIva dravyoM kA pratipAdana karane ke sAtha vijJAna se unakI tulanAtmaka mahattA bhI prastuta karatI hai| isameM aneka rocaka vaijJAnika tathyoM evaM prayogoM kI bhI carcA hai, phalataH yaha pAThakoM kA jJAnavarddhana karane ke sAtha cintana evaM anusaMdhAna kI eka naI dizA pradAna karatI hai, jisase vijJAna evaM Agama ke pArasparika adhyayana kA dvAra khulatA hai, jo yuga kI mAMga ke anukUla hai| 100 [22] jainatattva sAra

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puNya-pApa tattva puNya tattva : svarUpa aura mahattva punAti AtmAnam iti puNyam arthAt jisase AtmA pavitra ho vaha puNya hai| yaha paribhASA prAcIna kAla se sabhI jainAcAryoM ko mAnya hai yathA puNyaM pUdapavittA pstthsivbhddkhemkllaann| suhasokkhAdI savve NihiTThA maMgalassa pjjaayaa| - tiloyapaNNatti, gAthA 8 artha- puNya, pUta, pavitra, prazasta, ziva, bhadra, kSema, kalyANa, zubha, saukhya aura maMgala ye saba samAnArthaka paryAyavAcI zabda kahe gaye haiN| punAtyAtmAnaM pUyate'neneti vA punnym| - sarvArthasiddhi (6/3) artha- jo AtmA ko pavitra karatA hai yA jisa (kArya) se AtmA pavitra hotI hai, vaha puNya hai| pavitrIkarotyAtmAnamiti puNyaM zubhaM krm| - sthAnAMga-abhayadevasUrivRtti artha- jo AtmA ko pavitra karatA hai vaha zubha karma puNya hai| sammatteNasudaNANeNayaviradIe ksaaynigghgunnehiNjoprinnndosopunnnno| - mUlAcAra, gAthA 234 artha- jo samyaktva, zrutajJAna, virati (mahAvrata-saMyama), kaSAyanigraha rUpa guNoM meM pariNata hotA hai, vaha puNya hai| puNya-pApa tattva [23]

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rayaNatayarUve ajAkamme dyaaisddhmme| iccevamAigo jo vaTThai so hoi suhbhaavo|| - rayaNasAra 65 ratnatraya, Arya (zubha-zreSTha) karma, dayA Adi dharma ityAdi bhAvoM se yukta hokara jo vartana karatA hai vaha zubha bhAva hotA hai| ___ 'puNa' zubhe iti vacanAt puNati zubhIkaroti, punAti vA pavitrIkarotyAtmAnamiti punnym| - abhidhAnarAjendra koSa, bhAga 5 pR. 991 arthAt puNya zubha hai, jo AtmA ko zubha karatA hai, punIta va pavitra karatA hai vaha puNya hai| Azaya yaha hai ki jisase AtmA pavitra hotI hai vaha puNya hai| AtmA zubhayoga kI pravRtti aura azubhayoga kI nivRtti ina donoM se pavitra hotI hai| dayA, dAna, karuNA, vAtsalya, vaiyAvRttya, vinamratA, mRdutA maitrI, upakAra, sevA Adi sabhI sadpravRttiyoM se AtmA pavitra hotI hai evaM saMyama, saMvara, tapa, vrata pratyAkhyAna Adi tyAga rUpa nivRtti se bhI AtmA pavitra hotI hai| ata: puNya kA upArjana pravRtti aura nivRtti donoM se hotA hai| sadpravRttiyA~ mana, vacana, tana tathA sadvyavahAra se hotI hai jaisA ki kahA hai annapuNNe, pANapuNNe, layaNapuNNe, sayaNapuNNe, vatthapuNNe, maNapuNNe, vayaNapuNNe, kAyapuNNe, nmokkaarpunnnne| - ThANAMga sUtra, navama ThANA arthAt anna puNya, pAna puNya, layaNa puNya, zayana puNya, vastra puNya, mana puNya, vacana puNya, kAya puNya, namaskAra puNya ye nava prakAra ke puNya haiN| ina nau prakAra ke puNyoM meM prathama pAMca puNya vastuoM ke dAna se sambandhita haiN| prANiyoM evaM mAnava kI mUlabhUta AvazyakatAeM pA~ca haiM- bhUkha, pyAsa, nivAsa, vizrAma aura vastra / ina AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti na hone se prANI duHkhI rahate haiN| ina duHkhoM ko dUra karane ke lie bhUkhe ko bhojana khilAnA, pyAse ko pAnI pilAnA, rahane ko sthAna denA, vizrAma meM sahAyatA karanA, pahanane ko vastra denA ye pAMca puNya vastuoM se saMbaMdhita haiN| mana se dUsaroM kA bhalA vicAranA va sacciMtana karanA mana puNya hai| vacana se hitakArI vacana bolanA va sat carcA karanA vacana puNya hai| kAya [24] jainatattva sAra

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se sAdhu, rogI, bAlaka, vRddha evaM asahAya logoM kI sevA karanA kAya puNya hai / saba prANiyoM ke prati namratA kA vyavahAra karanA namaskAra puNya hai / uparyukta sadpravRttiyoM meM dUsaroM ke hita ke lie apane viSaya sukhoM kI svArthaparatA kA tyAga karanA hotA hai| tyAga se AtmA kA utthAna hotA hai, AtmA pavitra hotI hai / ata: inheM puNya kahA jAtA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki jitanA saMyama, tyAga, tapa bar3hatA jAtA hai, utanI hI puNya ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI jAtI hai / puNya ke vibhinna rUpa 1 puNya zabda kA prayoga aneka rUpoM meM hotA hai yathA- puNyatattva, puNya bhAva, puNyapravRtti, puNya Asrava, puNya karmoM kA baMdha ( prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga, pradeza), puNya kA phala Adi / Age inhIM kA saMkSepa meM vivecana kiyA gayA hai| puNyatattva- jina bhAvoM evaM kriyAoM se AtmA pavitra hotI hai unheM puNya kahate haiM / yaha puNyatattva do prakAra kA hotA hai yathA- bhAvAtmaka aura kriyAtmaka / bhAvAtmaka puNyatattva - jina bhAvoM se AtmA pavitra hotI hai ve bhAvAtmaka puNya haiM / AtmA pavitra hotI hai kaSAya meM kamI hone se; ahiMsA, saMyama, tapa, tyAga se, viSayoM ke prati vairAgya se aura karuNA, anukaMpA Adi bhAvoM se| ye saba bhAva AtmA ko pavitra karane vAle hone se puNya rUpa haiN| kriyAtmaka puNyatattva - kaSAya kI kamI se AvirbhUta kSamA, saralatA, vinamratA, udAratA Adi guNoM kA kriyAtmaka rUpa maitrI, anukaMpA, dayA, vAtsalya, vaiyAvRttya, paropakAra, dAna, sevA-suzrUSA Adi samasta sadpravRttiyA~ puNya tattva kI kriyAtmaka rUpa haiN| kyoMki ina sabase pApa karmoM kA kSaya evaM puNya kA upArjana hotA hai / puNyAsrava - sadbhAvoM evaM sadpravRttiyoM se manuSya gati, paMcendriya jAti, zarIra Adi puNya prakRtiyoM ke karma dalikoM kA jo upArjana hotA hai, yaha puNya kA Asrava kahA jAtA hai| puNya karma kA baMdha- puNya karma kA baMdha cAra prakAra kA hai - (1) prakRtibaMdha (2) sthitibaMdha (3) anubhAgabaMdha aura (4) prdeshbNdh| yathA prakRtibaMdha- puNya prakRtiyAM ATha karmoM meM se vedanIya, Ayu, nAma aura gotra ina cAra karmoM kI hI hotI hai, yathA-vedanIya karma kI sAtA vedanIya, Ayu karma kI tiryaMca - manuSya- deva Ayu, gotra karma kI ucca gotra tathA nAma karma kI manuSya gati, puNya-pApa tattva [ 25 ]

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devagati, paMcendriya jAti, audArika-vaikriya-AhAraka-taijasa-kArmaNa zarIra, audArika-vaikriya-AhAraka aMgopAMga, vajraRSabhanArAcasaMhanana, samacaturasra saMsthAna, zubha varNa-gaMdha-rasa-sparza, zubha vihAyogati, deva-manuSya AnupUrvI, agurulaghu, nirmANa, Atapa, udyota, parAghAta, zvAsocchvAsa, tIrthaMkara, trasa, bAdara, paryApta, pratyeka, zubha. subhaga, sthira, susvara, Adeya, yazakIrti ye saiMtIsa prakRtiyA~ aghAtI karmoM kI hai| sthitibaMdha- puNya kI 42 prakRtiyoM meM se tIna Ayu ko chor3akara zeSa samasta prakRtiyoM kA sthitibaMdha kaSAya se hotA hai / kaSAya jitanA adhika hotA hai utanA hI inakA sthiti baMdha adhika hotA hai| parantu ye prakRtiyA~ aghAtI hone se inakA sthiti baMdha jIva ke lie kucha bhI hAnikAraka nahIM hai| anubhAgabaMdha-karma-siddhAnta meM batAyA gayA hai ki pApa kA anubhAga kaSAya se hotA hai, parantu puNya kA anubhAga kaSAya se nahIM hokara kaSAya meM kamI hone se, kaSAya ke ghaTane se hotA hai| jitanA-jitanA kaSAya ghaTatA jAtA hai aura AtmA pavitra hotI jAtI hai utanA-utanA puNya kA anubhAga yA rasa bar3hatA jAtA hai| phaladAna zakti rasa rUpa hone se puNya kA anubhAga hI puNya kA sUcaka hai| ataH jahA~ bhI puNya kA vivecana kiyA jAtA hai vahA~ puNya ke anubhAga aura rasa ko hI grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai, sthiti ko nhiiN| pradeza baMdha- puNya prakRtiyoM ke dalikoM kA baMdhanA puNya karma kA pradeza baMdha hai| pradeza baMdha nyUnAdhika hone se inake anubhAga meM koI aMtara nahIM par3atA hai arthAt anubhAga nyUnAdhika nahIM hotA hai| ataH karmoM kA pradeza baMdha ke nyUnAdhika hone kA koI mahattva nahIM hai| puNya kI AvazyakatA sAdhaka ke lie puNya Avazyaka hai| jo puNya nahIM karatA hai vaha dharma nahIM kara sakatA, kyoMki AtmA puNya se hI pavitra hotI hai athavA AtmA kA pavitra honA hI puNya hai tathA puNya ke phala se paMcendriya jAti, mAnava bhava, mana, buddhi Adi milate haiM, tyAga kA bala milatA hai, jisake binA koI bhI jIva mukti nahIM pA sakatA, kyoMki inake binA vaha sAdhanA nahIM kara sktaa| jaisA ki kahA hai iha jIvierAya! asAsayAmmi, ghaNiyaM tu puNNAI akuvvmaanno| se soyai maccu-muhovaNIe, dhammaM akAuNa paraMmi (si) loe| - uttarAdhyayana sUtra a. 13 gAthA 21 [26] jainatattva sAra

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he rAjan! isa azAzvata mAnava jIvana meM jo pracura puNya karma nahIM karatA hai vaha mRtyu ke mukha meM pahu~cane para soca (cintA-zoka) karatA hai aura vaha dharma na karane ke kAraNa paraloka meM bhI pachatAtA hai| puNya saba pApoM kA nAzaka evaM utkRSTa maMgala hai puNya kA upArjana saMyama rUpa nivRttiparaka sAdhanA se ho athavA dayA, dAna, paropakAra rUpa pravRttiparaka sAdhanA se ho, vaha mukti meM sahAyaka hotA hai, bAdhaka nhiiN| jaisA ki kahA hai__namo arihaMtANaM, namo siddhANaM, namo AyariyANaM, namo uvajjhAyANaM, namo loe svvsaahuunnN| eso paMca namokkAro savvapAvappaNAsaNo, maMgalANaM ca savvesiM paDhamaM havai mNglN|| arihanta, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya evaM sAdhu ina pA~coM ko namaskAra karane rUpa puNya saba pApoM kA nAza karane vAlA hai tathA sarvotkRSTa maMgala hai| arthAt namaskAra rUpa puNya muktipradAtA evaM kalyANakArI hai| puNyena tIrthaMkarazriyaM paramAM naiHzreyasIM caashrute| - padmapurANa, sarga, 30 loka 28 artha- puNya se tIrthaMkara kI zrI prApta hotI hai aura parama kalyANa rUpa mokSa lakSmI bhI puNya se milatI hai| suha-suddhapariNAmehi kammakkhayAbhAve tkkhyaannuvvttiido| - jayadhavala, pustaka 1 pR.6 artha- yadi zubha yA zuddha pariNAmoM arthAt puNya se karmoM kA kSaya na mAnA jAya to phira karmoM kA kSaya ho hI nahIM sktaa| mokSaM yAti, paramapuNyAtizaya-cAritra-vizeSAtmakapauruSAbhyAmeva sNbhvaat| artha- arthAt mokSa kI prApti parama puNya aura cAritra rUpa puruSArtha ke dvArA hI saMbhava hai| puNyaM dAnAdikriyopArjanIyaM zubhaM krm| - syAdvAdamaMjarI, 27 puNya-pApa tattva [27]

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artha- dAnAdi kriyAoM se upArjita kiyA jAne vAlA zubha karma puNya hai| puNya kA phala puNya kA phala do prakAra se milatA hai- (1) ghAtI karmoM ke kSaya ke rUpa meM aura (2) aghAtI karmoM kI zubha prakRtiyoM ke upArjana ke rUpa meN| yaha niyama hai ki AtmA jitanI pavitra hotI hai utanA hI ghAtI karmoM kA kSaya hotA jAtA hai aura aghAtI karmoM kI zubha prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga bar3hatA jAtA hai, jo jIva ke prANoM ke vikAsa kA dyotaka evaM sAdhanA meM sahayogI hotA hai| ___ pApa tattva : svarUpa aura bheda pApa va puNya kA saMbaMdha pravRtti se hai| pravRtti do prakAra kI hotI hai- (1) duSpravRtti aura (2) sadpravRtti / jisa pravRtti se ahita ho, hAni ho, duHkha ho, patana ho vaha duSpravRtti hai, pApa hai| pAtayati AtmAnaM iti pApam isa vyutpatti ke anusAra jisa pravRtti se AtmA kA patana ho, hAni ho, ahita ho vaha doSa hai, vaha pApa hai| doSa yukta pravRtti ko duSpravRtti kahA jAtA hai| doSa, adharma, pApa, duSkarma, duSpravRtti Adi zabda paryAyavAcI haiN| duSkarma cAhe mana kA ho, cAhe vacana ko ho, cAhe kAyA kA ho, sabhI pApa haiM, doSa haiM, adharma haiM, bura haiN| koI bhI apane ko doSI, pApI, duSTa kahalAnA pasaMda nahIM karatA hai| ataH doSa, pApa yA burAI ke tyAga meM hI apanA hita hai, kalyANa hai| hamAre prati kI gaI jisa kriyA ko, pravRtti ko, vyavahAra ko hama burA mAnate haiM vaha doSa hai, burAI hai, pApa hai| jaise koI hameM mAratA-pITatA hai, kaSTa detA hai, pIr3A pahu~cAtA hai, jhUTha bolatA hai, hamArI corI karatA hai, hameM ThagatA hai, hAni pahuMcAtA hai, dhokhA detA hai, hamAre para krodha karatA hai, dveSa karatA hai, hamArI nindA karatA hai, burAI karatA hai, hamArA burA karatA hai to hama sabako usakA mAranA pITanA, jhUTha bolanA, corI karanA Adi ye saba pravRttiyA~ yA vyavahAra bure lagate haiN| hama ina saba kAryoM va ina kAryoM ko karane vAloM ko burA samajhate haiN| ataH ye saba duSkarma va pApa haiN| yaha jJAna bAlaka se vRddha taka, ajJa se vijJa taka, mAnava mAtra ko svataH prApta hai, isameM kisI guru va grantha kI apekSA nahIM hai| ataH yaha jJAna svayaM-siddha hai, svAbhAvika jJAna hai, kisI kI dena nahIM hai, nijajJAna hai| svaMya siddha hone se isa jJAna ke lie anya kisI bhI pramANa kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| yaha naisargika niyama hai ki jaisA bIja boyA jAtA hai vaisA hI phala lagatA hai| uparyukta saba kArya bure haiM, ataH ina sabakA phala burA, aniSTa va duHkha rUpa hI [28] jainatattva sAra

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milatA hai / ata: jinheM duHkha se, aniSTa se bacanA iSTa hai unheM ina saba duSkarmoM se, pApoM se bacanA hI hogaa| koI pApa bhI kare aura usake pariNAma se duHkha na pAve yaha kadApi saMbhava nahIM hai| pApa ke tyAga se hI duHkha se mukti pAnA saMbhava hai, duHkha se mukti pAne kA anya koI upAya nahIM hai / ataH pApa ke tyAga meM hI sabakA kalyANa hai| jaina dharma meM Avazyaka sUtra ke anusAra pApa aThAraha hai yathA- (1) prANAtipAtahiMsA karanA (2) mRSAvAda - jhUTha bolanA (3) adattAdAna - corI karanA (4) maithuna (5) parigraha (6) krodha (7) mAna (8) mAyA (9) lobha (10) rAga (11) dveSa (12) kalaha (13) abhyAkhyAna - jhUThA kalaMka lagAnA (14) paizunya - cugalI karanA (15) para-parivAda - niMdA (16) rati- arati (17) mAyAmRSAvAda - kapaTayukta jhUTha bolanA aura (18) mithyAdarzana shly| (1) prANAtipAta - prANoM kA atipAta karanA prANAtipAta hai / prANa dasa haiMpA~ca indiyA~, mana, vacana, kAyA, zvAsocchvAsa evaM AyuSya / inameM se kisI bhI prANa kA hanana karanA hiMsA yA prANAtipAta hai / prANoM ke atipAta se pIr3A hotI hai| pIr3A kisI ko bhI pasaMda nahIM hai| paira meM eka kA~TA cubha jAya, kapar3e meM eka ghAsa kI salI A jAya to usakI pIr3A bhI sahana nahIM hotI / jaba taka kA~TA na nikAla diyA jAya, salI dUra na kara dI jAya, caina nahIM par3atA hai| jaba paira kI aMgulI meM eka kAMTA cubhana se bhI itanI pIr3A hotI hai to pUrI aMgUlI kATane meM kitanI bhayaMkara pIr3A hotI hai, ise to bhuktabhogI hI jAna sakatA hai / aMgulI se bhI adhika bhayaMkara pIr3A paira kA phAbA kATane meM hotI hai| usase bhI bhayaMkara pIr3A pUre paira ko kATane meM hotI hai| usase bhI bhayaMkara aneka guNI vedanA pUre zarIra ko mArane meM hotI hai| usa samaya marane meM jo asaha bhayaMkara pIr3A hotI hai usakA to hama anumAna bhI nahIM lagA skte| apane prati kiye gaye jisa kArya ko hama burA samajhate haiM vahI kArya jaba hama dUsaroM ke prati karate haiM to kyA hamArA vaha kArya burA nahIM hogA? avazya hogA, aura burA kArya karane vAlA vyakti burA hotA hI hai ataH hama bhI bure ho hI gaye / yaha sarvamAnya hai ki burA honA, burA kahalAnA kisI ko bhI pasaMda nahIM hai| burAI ko sabhI tyAjya mAnate haiM / ataH isa sarvamAnya siddhAnta ko svIkAra kara hiMsA kI burAI, jo sabase bhayaMkara pApa hai, isase bacanA caahiye| isI meM hamAra va sabakA hita hai / ataH sabhI kA hita 'jIo aura jIne do' ke siddhAnta ko svIkAra karane meM hai / yahI bhagavAn mahAvIra kA upadeza hai / puNya-pApa tattva [29]

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zarIra ke kisI bhI eka aMga ko kSati yA hAni pahu~canA bhayaMkara hAni hai| kAraNa ki zarIra kA pratyeka aMga bahumUlya hai| kisI garIba vyakti se bhI kaheM ki tuma do lAkha rupaye le lo aura apanI donoM A~kheM de do to vaha isa prastAva ko svIkAra na kregaa| isase yaha pariNAma nikalA ki usakI AMkhoM kA mUlya do lAkha rupaye se bhI adhika hai| jaba AMkhoM kA hI mUlya do lAkha rupaye se adhika hai to pUre zarIra kA mUlya to kitanA adhika hogA, hama kalpanA nahIM kara skte| hama kisI ko karor3oM, araboM yA kitane hI rupaye deM taba bhI vaha apanA zarIra dene ko taiyAra nahIM hogaa| isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki kisI bhI vyakti kA zarIra amUlya nidhi hai| usakI ghAta karanA amUlya nidhi ko hAni pahu~cAnA hai, jo bahuta bar3I kSati hai| itanI bar3I kSati karanA, bhayaMkara doSa yA pApa hai| jIvoM ke zarIra kA hanana karanA to hiMsA hai hI, unako kaSTa denA, hAni pahu~cAnA bhI hiMsA hai| hiMsA ke agaNita rUpa haiM jaise mAranA, pITanA, kaSTa denA, yuddha karanA, zastroM kA nirmANa karanA, zakti se adhika zrama lenA, nakalI davAiyA~ banAnA, prasAdhana sAmagrI ke lie pazu-pakSiyoM ko pIr3A pahu~cAnA, atyAcAra karanA Adi sabhI utpIr3aka kArya hiMsA ke hI vividha rUpa haiN| prANAtipAta do prakAra kA hai- 1. sva- prANAtipAta 2. pr-praannaatipaat| sva prANAtipAta bhI dravya aura bhAva kI apekSA se do prakAra kA hai- krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, rAga-dveSa Adi dUSita bhAvoM se apane jJAna, darzana, kSamA, namratA, saralatA, santoSa Adi guNoM kA atipAta honA, ghAta honA bhAva sva-prANAtipAta hai| viSaya kaSAya ke sevana meM apanI indriyoM kI prANazakti kA hrAsa honA dravya sva-prANAtipAta hai| __ para prANAtipAta bhI do prakAra kA hai- apane krUratA, kaThoratA, nirdayatA Adi durvyavahAra se dUsaroM ke hRdaya ko AghAta laganA, unameM zatrutA, dveSa, saMgharSa kA bhAva paidA honA para bhAva-prANAtipAta hai| dUsaroM ke zarIra, indriya Adi prANoM kA hanana karanA para dravya-prANAtipAta hai| kisI ke durbhAva va duSpravRtti se dUsaroM kA ahita nahIM ho, taba bhI svayaM ke prANoM kA atipAta ho hI jAtA hai, use prANAtipAta kA pApa laga hI jAtA hai| (2) mRSAvAda- jhUTha bolnaa| jo bAta jaisI dekhI hai, sunI hai va jAnate haiM use usI rUpa meM na kahakara viparIta rUpa meM yA anya rUpa meM kahanA mRSAvAda hai| mRSAvAda ke aneka rUpa haiM- kisI para kalaMka lagAnA, dharohara va giravI kI vastu [30] jainatattva sAra

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har3apa jAnA, mRSA upadeza denA, bahakAnA, bhrAmaka vacana bolanA, uttejanAtmaka bhASaNa denA, janatA ko bargalAnA, hAnikAraka vastu ko guNa yukta lAbhakArI vastu kahakara becanA, jhUThe vijJApana denA, vAde se mukara jAnA, svArtha ke lie apane vacana ko palaTa denA Adi mithyA bhAva AnA bhI mRSAvAda hai| ___ (3) adattAdAna- corI karanA, dUsaroM kI vastu kA apaharaNa karanA va balAt adhikAra jamA lenA, kama tolanA-mApanA, acchI vastu dikhAkara burI vastu denA, vastu meM milAvaTa karanA, lATarI-ciTa-phaMDa juA Adi se logoM kA dhana haraNa karanA, dhokhAdhar3I karanA, adhika zrama karavAkara kama pArizramika denA, zoSaNa karanA, jeba kATanA, DAkA DAlanA, lUTapATa karanA, acchA namUnA dikhAkara nakalI vastu denA, puraskAra kA lobha dekara phaMsAnA, sAhityika corI karanA Adi corI ke aneka rUpa haiN| mukti, zAMti, svAdhInatA, prasannatA Adi apane guNoM kA apaharaNa honA bhI adattAdAna hai| isase avizvAsa kI utpati hotI hai jo bhArI hAni hai| () maithuna- kAma-vikAra meM pravRtta honA, saMbhoga karanA, maithuna hai| maithuna ke aneka prakAra haiM yathA rati krIr3A karanA, vezyAgamana karanA, parastrI gamana karanA, vyabhicAra sevana karanA, balAtkAra karanA, samaliMgI ke sAtha saMbhoga karanA, azrIla philma dekhanA, tIvra nazIlI vastuoM kA sevana kara kAmottejana karanA, nagna nRtya dekhanA Adi maithuna ke aneka rUpa haiN| Atma-bhAva bhUlanA, nija svarUpa kI vismRti honA aura para se saMga va bhoga karanA bhI maithuna hai| isase AkulatA udvega utpanna hotA hai jisase citta kI zAMti va samatA bhaMga hotI hai| (5) parigraha- vastuoM kA saMgraha karanA parigraha hai| parigraha ke asaMkhya rUpa haiM yathA- bhUmi, bhavana va sikkoM kA saMgraha, vastroM kA saMgraha, mUrtiyoM kA saMgraha, purAnI vastuoM kA saMgraha, bhoga-upabhoga kI vastuoM kA saMgraha, pazuoM kA saMgraha, khAdya vastuoM kA saMgraha, vAhanoM kA saMgraha Adi, yaha dravya parigraha hai| bhoga sAmagrI ke prati mamatA honA bhAva parigraha hai| isase mUrchAbhAva-jar3atA, parAdhInatA Adi doSoM va duHkhoM kI utpatti hotI hai| ___(6) krodha- kSubdha honA krodha hai| apanI mana cAhI sthiti nahIM hone para athavA anacAhI hone para gussA karanA, khinna honA, gAlI denA, burA-bhalA kahanA, gusse meM karttavya akarttavya kA bhAna bhUla jAnA, gusse se hoThoM kA phar3akanA, A~kheM lAla honA Adi krodha ke aneka rUpa haiN| puNya-pApa tattva [31]

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kAmanA utpatti se azAMta va khinna honA bhI krodha hai| isase prasannatA kA hanana va khinnatA rUpa duHkha hotA hai| (7) mAna- ahaMkAra karanA mAna hai| jAti, kula, bala, rUpa, zakti, sampatti, jJAna, vidyA, buddhi, yogyatA, bhASaNa, pada Adi kA mada karanA, sammAna cAhanA, abhinaMdana cAhanA, apane ko mahAn aura dUsaroM ko hIna samajhanA, apanA guNa-gaurava gAnA yA dUsaroM se guNa gAthA karAnA, use sunakara harSa honA, apamAna kA burA laganA, apane ko asAmAnya mAnanA Adi mAna ke agaNita prakAra haiN| mRdutA ko kho denA, bheda va bhinnatA kA bhAva paidA honA, para yA vinAzI vastuoM yogyatA va pAtratA ke AdhAra para apanA mUlyAMkana karanA bhI mAna hai| isase bheda-bhinnatA va alagAva rUpa doSa va duHkha utpanna hote haiN| (8) mAyA- kapaTa karanA yA dhokhA denA mAyA hai| apane svArtha ke lie dUsaroM ko bhulAve meM DAlanA, dUsaroM se lekha va pustakeM likhavAkara usa para apanA nAma denA, Upara se madhura bolanA, bhItara kaTutA bharA honA, AzvAsana dekara usase mukarajAnA, vizvAsaghAta karanA, jhUThA pradarzana karanA, kUTanIti karanA Adi mAyA ke aneka rUpa haiN| RjutA-saralatA-sahajatA, svAbhAvikatA na hokara vakratAkRtrimatA-kuTilatA honA bhI mAyA hai| isase mitratA kA viccheda va vairabhAva kI utpatti hotI hai| (9) lobha- pralobhana vRtti kA honA lobha hai| aprApta ko prApta karane kI kAmanA, prApta ko banAye rakhanA, saMcaya vRtti, lAbha kI icchA Adi lobha ke aneka prakAra haiN| sukha kA pralobhana bhI lobha hai| lobhavRtti se abhAva kA anubhava hotA hai jo daridratA kA dyotaka hai| (10) rAga- kisI bhI vastu, vyakti, sthiti Adi kI anukUlatA ke prati AkarSaNa honA rAga hai| para padArthoM ke prati Asakti, viSaya-sukha kI abhilASA bhI rAga hI hai| rAga Aga hai jo AtmA ko sadaiva prajvalita karatI rahatI hai| rAga ThaMDI Aga hai| (11) dveSa- pratikUlatA ke prati aruci honA dveSa hai| vastu, vyakti, paristhiti kI pratikUlatA meM usake prati durbhAva honA, usakA vinAza cAhanA, use burA samajhanA, una para Akroza honA, burA jAnanA Adi dveSa ke aneka rUpa haiN| [32] jainatattva sAra

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(12) kalaha- jhagar3A karanA kalaha hai| kalaha apane lie saMtApakArI evaM dUsaroM ke lie paritApakArI aura sabhI ke lie azAMtikArI hotA hai| asahiSNutA, pratispardhA, saMgharSa, dvandva Adi isake aneka rUpa haiN| (13) abhyAkhyAna- dUsaroM para jhUThA Aropa lagAnA abhyAkhyAna hai| kisI para kalaMka lagAnA, badanAma karanA, nIcA dikhAnA, doSAropaNa karanA Adi isake aneka rUpa haiN| ___ (14) paizunya- cugalI khAnA paizunya hai| idhara kI bAta udhara karanA, do vyaktiyoM ko lar3A denA, paraspara bhir3A denA Adi paizunya ke aneka rUpa haiN| (15) paraparivAda- dUsaroM kI niMdA karanA paraparivAda hai| kisI kI niMdA karanA, para doSa karanA, para ko hIna dRSTi se dekhanA Adi isake aneka rUpa haiN| (16) rati-arati- anukUlatA ke prati ruci rati tathA pratikUlatA ke prati aruci arati hai| anukUlatA meM prasanna honA, pratikUlatA meM khinna honA, anukUlatA ko banAye rakhane kI ruci, pratikUlatA ko dUra karane kI icchA Adi isake aneka rUpa haiN| (17) mAyA mRSAvAda- kapaTa sahita jhUTha bolanA arthAt bhItara meM kuTilatA rakhakara Upara se madhura bolnaa| cAlAkI se bAta karanA, dhokhA bharI vANI bolanA, kUTanIti bharI bAteM karanA Adi mAyA mRSA ke aneka rUpa haiN| satya ko jAnate hue asatya AcaraNa karanA bhI mAyA mRSAvAda hai| ___(18) mithyAdarzana zalya- mithyAtva yukta pravRtti mithyAdarzana zalya hai| deha meM Atma buddhi honA, dhana-saMpatti Adi kI parAdhInatA meM svAdhInatA mAnanA, Adi mithyAdarzana zalya ke aneka rUpa haiN| svabhAva ko vibhAva aura vibhAva ko svabhAva mAnanA bhI mithyAdarzana hai| uparyukta aThAraha pApoM kA vivecana sthUla dRSTi se saMkSipta rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai| vaha pravRtti jo AtmA se vimukha karatI hai, bahirmukhI banAtI hai, para kI ora abhimukha karatI hai, saba pApa hai| uparyukta sabhI pApa bure haiM, yaha jJAna svayaM siddha hai| kyoMki koI bhI mAnava burA nahIM kahalAnA cAhatA hai, yaha bhI sarva vidita hai| aba prazna yaha upasthita hotA hai ki phira hama ye bure kAma karate kyoM hai? kahanA hogA ki hama apane viSaya-sukha puNya-pApa tattva [33]

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kI pUrti ke lie ina saba pApoM ko karate haiN| ina pApoM ke phalasvarUpa duHkha milegA to phira dekhA jAyegA, use bhoga leMge, abhI to sukha bhoga leN| isa prakAra hama kSaNika viSaya sukha kI dAsatA meM itane Abaddha haiM ki apane jJAna kA anAdara kara viSaya - sukha sAmagrI kI prApti ke lie ina duSkarmoM ko, doSoM ko, pApoM ko apanAte haiN| sAtha hI sAtha duHkha bhI pAte rahate haiM / isa prakAra viSaya-sukha ke sAtha duHkha bhogate huye ananta kAla bIta gayA, parantu na to viSaya sukha kI pUrti huI aura na duHkha se mukti milii| yadi hama Age bhI viSaya - sukha ke AdhIna ho aisA hI karate raheMge to Age bhI hamArI yahI sthiti rhegii| hameM jo sukha milegA vaha to kSaNika hone se nahIM rahegA aura hama duHkha pAte hI rheNge| mAnava-jIvana duHkha rahita hone ke lie milA hai, yahI isa jIvana kI vizeSatA hai / ataH yadi hamane duHkha rahita sukhamaya jIvana nahIM jIyA to samajhanA cAhiye ki hamArA jIvana vyartha hI gayA, kAraNa sukha-duHkha yukta jIvana to pazu bhI jItA hai phira hamAre meM pazu ke jIvana se kyA vizeSatA aaii| ataH hama viSaya - sukhoM evaM inase jur3e hue duSkarmoM pApoM kA tyAga kara akSaya, avyAbAdha, ananta sukhamaya jIvana jIyeM, isI meM hamAre jIvana kI sArthakatA tathA saphalatA hai| mAnava viSaya-sukha kA tyAga kara jisa kSaNa cAhe usI kSaNa avyAbAdha, anaMta sukha kA AsvAdana kara sakatA hai| tyAga ke lie vastu, vyakti, paristhiti, sthAna, samaya, abhyAsa, zrama Adi kisI bhI AvazyakatA yA apekSA nahIM hai, ataH mAnava tyAga karane meM samartha aura svAdhIna hai| phira bhI tyAga ko na apanAkara duHkhI rahe, yaha kitane Azcarya kI, kitanI khinnatA kI bAta hai ; kitanI karuNAjanaka aura azebhanIya sthiti hai / vastutaH tyAga hI jIvana hai, viSaya bhoga hI mRtyu hai| jitanA-jitanA tyAga bar3hatA jAyegA utanA-utanA pApa ghaTatA jAyegA / tyAga kA bar3hanA aura pApa kA ghaTanA yugapat hai| ataH pApa ke tyAga se hI zAMti va mukti ke zAzvata sukha kI prApti hotI hai / pApa-puNya kA AdhAra : saMkleza-vizuddhi puNya-pApa tattva kA saMbaMdha saMkleza-vizuddhi bhAvoM se hai / isI viSaya para yahA~ vicAra kiyA jA rahA hai| zubhaH punnysy|| azubhaH pApasya / / tattvArthasUtra 6.3.4 artha- zubha yoga puNya kA Asrava hai aura azubha yoga pApa kA Asrava hai| ina sUtroM kI TIkA karate hue paM0 zrI sukhalAla jI saMghavI likhate haiM- kAyayoga Adi tInoM yoga zubha bhI haiM [ 34 ] jaitattva sAra

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aura azubha bhI / yogoM ke zubhatva aura azubhatva kA AdhAra bhAvanA kI zubhAzubhatA hai / zubha uddezya se pravRtta yoga zubha aura azubha uddezya se pravRtta yoga azubha hai / kArya-karmabandha kI zubhAzubhatA para yoga kI zubhAzubhatA avalaMbita nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane se sabhI yoga azubha hI ho jAyeMge, koI yoga zubha nahIM nahIM raha jAyegA, jabaki zubha yoga meM bhI AThaveM Adi guNasthAnoM meM azubha jJAnAvaraNIya Adi pApa prakRtiyoM kA karmoM kA baMdha kA kAraNa hotA hai / zubha yoga kA kArya puNya - prakRti kA baMdha aura azubha yoga kA kArya pApa prakRti kA baMdha hai / prastuta sUtroM kA yaha vidhAna ApekSika hai, kyoMki vidyamAna avasthA meM (kaSAya) kI maMdatA ke samaya hone vAlA yoga zubha aura kaSAya kI tIvratA (vRddhi) se hone vAlA yoga azubha hai| jaise azubha yoga ke samaya prathama Adi guNasthAnoM meM jJAnAvaraNIya Adi sabhI puNya-pApa prakRtiyoM kA yathAsaMbhava baMdha hotA hai vaise hI chaThe Adi guNasthAnoM meM zubhayoga ke samaya bhI puNya-pApa prakRtiyoM kA yathAsaMbhava baMdha hotA hai| phira zubha yoga kA puNya baMdha ke kAraNa rUpa aura azubha yoga kA pApa baMdha ke kAraNa rUpa meM alaga-alaga vidhAna kaise saMgata ho sakatA hai ? isalie prastuta vidhAna mukhyatayA anubhAga baMdha kI apekSA se hai / zubha yoga kI tIvratA ke samaya puNya - prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga baMdha (rasa) kI mAtrA adhika aura pApa prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kI mAtrA alpa niSpanna hotI hai / isase ulaTe azubha yoga kI tIvratA ke samaya pApa-pra - prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga adhika aura puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga baMdha alpa hotA hai| isameM jo zubhayogajanya puNyAnubhAga kI adhika mAtrA tathA azubhayogajanya pApAnubhAga kI adhika mAtrA hai, use pradhAna mAnakara sUtroM meM anukrama se zubha yoga kA puNya kA aura azubha yoga ko pApa kA kAraNa kahA gayA hai| zubhayoga janya pApAnubhAga kI alpamAtrA aura azubhayoga janya puNyAnubhAga kI alpa mAtrA vivakSita nahIM hai / kyoMki loka kI bhA~ti zAstra meM bhI pradhanatApUrvaka vyavahAra kA vidhAna prasiddha hai| paM. zrI sukhalAla jI ne tattvArthasUtra a. 1 sUtra 4 kI TIkA meM kahA hai- puNyapApa donoM dravya aura bhAva rUpa se do-do prakAra ke haiN| zubha karma pudgala dravya-puNya aura azubha karma pudgala dravyapApa hai / isalie dravya puNya tathA pApa baMdha-tattva meM aMtarbhUta hai, kyoMki Atma-sambaddha karma pudgala yA AtmA aura karma pudgala kA sambandhavizeSa hI dravyabaMdha tattva hai / dravya puNya kA kAraNa zubha adhyavasAya jo bhAva puNya hai aura dravya pApa kA kAraNa azubha adhyavasAya hai jo bhAva pApa hai- ye donoM puNya-pApa tattva [35]

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hI bandha tattva meM antarbhUta hai kyoMki baMdha kA kAraNabhUta kASAyika adhyavasAya (pariNAma) hI bhAva baMdha hai| paMDitajI ne uparyukta vivacena meM saMkleza kI mandatA ko puNya ke Asrava kA aura tIvratA ko pApa ke Asrava kA hetu kahA hai| karma siddhAnta meM kaSAya kI maMdatA ko vizuddhi aura kaSAya kI vRddhi ko saMkleza kahA hai yaha saMkleza-vizuddhi dazaveM guNasthAna taka pratyeka guNasthAna meM, pratyeka lezyA meM, pratyeka asaMyama-saMyama (cAritra) Adi saba avasthAoM meM saMbhava hai, jaisA ki bhagavatIsUtra ke zataka 25 uddezyaka 7 meM kahA hai kaMiNaM bhaMte! suhumasaMparAyA paNNattA ? goyamA ! duvihe paNNatte - taMjahAsaMkilissamANae ya visuddhamANae ya / artha - prazna - he bhagavan ! sUkSma saMparAya saMyata kitane prakAra ke hote haiM? uttara- he gotama, do prakAra ke hote haiM yathAsaMklizyamAnaka aura vizuddhaya-mAnaka / kyoMki ye hIyamAna aura varddhamAna pariNAma vAle hote haiN| isase spaSTa hai ki saMkleza zabda hIyamAna pariNAmoM kA kaSAya vRddhi kA sUcaka hai aura vizuddhi zabda varddhamAna pariNAmoM kA, kaSAya kI maMdatA kA sUcaka hai| naveM guNasthAna se car3hate samaya dazavA~ guNasthAna vizuddhyamAna kahalAtA hai aura gyAharaveM guNasthAna se girate samaya dazavA~ guNasthAna saMklizyamAna kahalAtA hai / karmoM kA zubhatva - azubhatva unake zubha-azubha phala para avalaMbita hai / zubha phala dene vAle karma-azubha (pApa karma ) kahe jAte haiM / karma kA phala karma - prakRti ke anubhAva ( anubhAga) para avalaMbita hotA hai / ataH karma ke anubhAva para hI pApa-puNya karma kA nirdhAraNa hotA hai- jaisA ki Upara paM. sukhalAla jI ne kahA hai tathA isI kA pratipAdana tattvArtha sUtra a0 6 ke sUtra 3-4 kI rAjavArtika TIkA meM yaha kahakara kiyA hai ki puNya-pApa kA saMbaMdha anubhAga se hai| sthiti baMdha se nahIM hai| zubha anubhAga kI vRddhi kaSAya meM kamI hone se hotI hai| puNya kA Amrava zuddhopayoga se aura pApa kA Asrava azuddhopayoga se hotA hai, yahI kaSAyapAhuDa kI jayadhavalA TIkA pustaka 1 meM spaSTa kahA hai yathA puNNAsavabhUdA aNakaMpA suddhao ya upjoo| vivarIo pAvassa hu AsavaheuM viyANAhi / / [36] kasAyapAhuDa, jayadhavalaTIkA, pustaka 1, pR. 96 jaitattva sA

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arthAt anukampA aura zuddha upayoga puNyAsrava svarUpa hai yA puNyAsava ke kAraNa haiM tathA inase viparIta arthAt nirdayatA aura azuddha upayoga ye pApAsava ke kAraNa haiN| isa prakAra Asrava ke hetu kahe gaye haiN| tAtparya yaha hai ki pApa-puNya kA AdhAra saMkleza-vizuddhi hai| vizuddhi se puNya kA upArjana (Asrava) hotA hai puNya bar3hatA hai isalie vizuddhi rUpa zuddhopayoga ko puNya kA Asrava kahA gayA hai tathA saMkleza se pApa kA arjana (Asrava) hotA hai pApa bar3hatA hai isalie saMkleza rUpa azuddhopayoga ko pApa kA hetu kahA hai| ataH puNya pApa kA AdhAra vizuddhi-saMkleza hai| kama va adhika kaSAya kA udaya nahIM hai| jesA ki kahA hai- ko saMkileso NAma? kohamANamAyAlohapariNAma viseso|... ko visohI NAma? jesu jIvapariNAmesu samuppaNNesu kasAyANaM hAni hodi|.. - jaya dhavala, pustaka 4 pRSTha 15 evaM 41 arthAt krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ke pariNAmoM meM vRddhi honA saMkleza hai aura jIva ke jina pariNAmoM se kaSAyoM kI hAni (kamI) hotI hai, use vizuddhi kahate haiM / kaSAya meM kamI hone se AtmA kI vizuddhi tathA zuddhi bar3hatI hai ataH ise vizuddhi va zuddhopayoga kahA jAtA hai aura kaSAya meM vRddhi hone se AtmA meM saMkleza va azuddhi bar3hatI hai| ataH ise saMkleza va azuddhopayoga kahA hai| Upara pApa-puNya saMkleza-vizuddhi para avalaMbita hai, yaha kahA gayA hai arthAt karmoM kA zubhAzubhatva unake kartA ke zubhAzubha bhAvoM para avalaMbita hai| kartA ke zubhAzubha bhAvoM kA karmoM ke rUpa meM prakaTIkaraNa una karmoM ke prakRti va anubhAva ke rUpa meM hotA hai| zubhabhAvoM se puNya karma prakRtiyoM ke anubhAva kI evaM azubhabhAva se pApa prakRtiyoM ke anubhAva kI vRddhi hotI hai| zubha (puNya) karma prakRtiyoM meM yaha anubhAva kI vRddhi vizuddhi se, kaSAyAdi doSoM kI kamI se hotI hai aura azabha (pApa) karma prakRtiyoM meM yaha anubhAva kI vRddhi saMkleza se arthAt kaSAyAdi doSoM kI vRddhi se hotI hai| ataH pApa-puNya karmoM kA evaM unakI nyUnAdhikatA kA AdhAra unakA anubhAva hai, pradeza va sthiti baMdha nahIM hai kyoki karmoM ke pradezoM ke nyUnAdhika hone se unake anubhAva nyUnAdhika nahIM hotA hai aura pApa-puNya donoM prakAra ke karmoM kA sthitibaMdha kaSAya se hotA hai| ata: sthitibaMdha pApa karmoM kA adhika ho athavA puNya karmoM kA, tIna zubha AyukarmoM ke atirikta samasta karma prakRtiyoM kA azubha hI hai| isalie puNya-pApa karmoM ke zubhatva-azubhatva kA AdhAra unakA anubhAva hI hai| puNya-pApa tattva [37]

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jayadhavalA TIkA ke uparyukta uddharaNa meM saMkleza aura vizuddhi kI paribhASA dete hue kaSAya zabda ke pahale samutpanna vizeSaNa lagAyA gayA hai jo vartamAna kSaNa meM utpanna kaSAya kA arthAt udayamAna, vidyamAna kaSAya kA sUcaka hai| isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki saMkleza-vizuddhi kA saMbaMdha vartamAna meM udayamAna-vidyamAna kaSAya meM vRddhi va hAni hone se haiM, kama kaSAya va adhika kaSAya se nahIM hai| yadi kama kaSAya ko vizuddhi aura adhika kaSAya ko saMkleza mAnA jAya to sadaiva zukla lezyA kI avasthA ko vizuddhi aura kRSNa lezyA kI avasthA ko saMkleza mAnanA hogaa| isa prakAra dazaveM sUkSma saMparAya guNasthAna meM zukla lezyA hone se vizuddhi hI mAnanA hogaa| saMkleza nahIM mAnA jA skegaa| jisase bhagavatI sUtra ke zataka 25 uddezaka 7 ke uparyukta kathana kA virodha ho jaayegaa| jo kisI ko bhI iSTa nahIM hogaa| isase spaSTa siddha hotA hai ki saMkleza-vuizaddhi kA, pApa-puNya tattva kA saMbaMdha udayamAna kaSAya meM hAni-vRddhi hone se hai, kama va adhika kaSAya se nahIM hai| jaisA ki bhagavatI sUtra meM prApta nimna varNana se spaSTa hotA hai prazna- se NUNaM bhaMte! kaNhalesse jAva sukkalesse bhavittA NIlalessesu Neraiesu uvavajati? uttara- haMtA, goymaa| jAva uvvjNti| prazna- se keNaTeNaM jAva uvavajati? uttara- goyamA! lessaTThANesu saMkilissamANesu vA visujjhamANesu vA NIlalessaM pariNamai,NIlalessaM pariNamittANIlalessesuNeraiesu uvavajati se teNaTeNaM goyamA! jAva uvvjti| - bhagavatI sUtra zataka 13 uddezaka 1 __he bhagavan! kRSNalezyI yAvat zuktalezyI hokara jIva nIla lezyA vAle nairayikoM meM utpanna hotA hai? prazna- hA~ gautm| yAtav utpanna hotA hai| prazna- he bhagavan / isa kA kyA kAraNa hai? uttara- he gautama! lezyA ke sthAna saMkleza ko prApta hote hue aura vizuddhi ko prApta hote hue, vaha jIva nIlalezyA rUpa me pariNata hotA hai aura nIlalezyA rUpa se pariNata hone ke bAda vaha nIlalezyA nairayikoM meM utpanna hotA hai| isaliye he gautm| pUrvokta rUpa se kahA gayA hai| [38] jainatattva sAra

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yahI varNana Age ke sUtroM meM kApota Adi lezyAoM ke lie bhI kiyA gayA hai| vahA~ azubha lezyA kI ora bar3hane ko saMkleza aura zubha lezyA kI ora bar3hane ko vizuddhi kahA gayA hai| yadi udayamAna adhika kaSAya ko saMkleza tathA nyUna kaSAya ko vizuddhi mAnA jAya to kRSNa lezyA vAle jIvoM ke sadaiva kaSAya kA udaya adhika tathA zukla lezyA vAle jIvoM ke kaSAya kA udaya kama rahatA hai| ataH kRSNa lezyA vAle jIvoM ke sadaiva saMkleza kI vidyamAnatA aura vizuddhi kA abhAva mAnanA hogaa| vizuddhi kA abhAva hone se unake puNya Asrava kA hI abhAva mAnanA hogA jo karma siddhAnta va Agama ke viruddha hai| isI prakAra zukla lezyA vAle jIvoM ke sadaiva vizuddhi kI hI maujUdagI (sadbhAva) aura saMkleza kA abhAva mAnanA hogA jo Agama viruddha hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki jainAgama meM udayamAna kaSAya meM vRddhi hone ko arthAt hIyamAna va girate pariNAmoM ko saMkleza, pApa tattva, azuddhopayoga tathA pApAsrava kA kAraNa kahA hai tathA udayamAna kaSAya meM hAni hone ko arthAt zuddhatA kI ora bar3hate vardhamAna pariNAmoM ko vizuddhi, zuddhopayoga (puNya tattva) tathA puNyAsrava kA kAraNa kahA hai| samasta saMsArI jIvoM ke vItarAga hone ke pahale sadaiva puNya aura pApa ina donoM kA Asrava tathA baMdha hotA rahatA hai| ataH saba jIvoM ke sadaiva saMkleza vizuddhi donoM mAnanA hogaa| parantu yahA~ para sAmAnya se hone vAlA yaha puNya-pApa kA Asrava va baMdha apekSita va iSTa nahIM hai| pratyut puNya-pApa karma kA Asrava va anubhAga jo pahale ho rahA thA usameM vRddhi hone se hai| kaSAya meM hAni hone rUpa pariNAmoM kI vizuddhi se puNyAsava meM tathA badhyamAna evaM sattA meM sthita puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai aura pApa prakRtiyoM kA puNya prakRtiyoM meM saMkramaNa hone se bhI puNya prakRtiyoM ke pradezoM meM vRddhi hotI hai| ___ isI vRddhi ko puNya kA upArjana kahA hai aura vizuddhi ko isakA hetu kahA hai| isI prakAra kaSAya meM vRddhi hone rUpa saMkleza pariNAmoM se pApAsava meM tathA badhyamAna evaM sattA meM vidyamAna pApa prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga va sthiti meM vRddhi hotI hai aura puNya prakRtiyoM kA pApa prakRtiyoM meM saMkramaNa hone se bhI pApa prakRtiyoM ke pradezoM meM vRddhi hotI hai| isa vRddhi ko hI pApa kA upArjana kahA hai aura isI ke hetu ko saMkleza kahA hai| jisase kisI meM vRddhi nahIM ho, use usake upArjana kA arthAt Asrava kA hetu nahIM kahA jA sktaa| jaisA ki kahA hai puNya-pApa tattva [39]

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vizuddhi-saMklezAMgaM cet sva- parasthaM sukhAsukham / puSyapApAsravo yukto na ced vyarthastavArhataH / / devAgamakArikA 65 arthAt AcArya zrI samastabhadra kA pharamAnA hai ki sukha-duHkha apane ko ho athavA dUsare ko ho, vaha yadi vizuddhi kA aMga ho to puNyAsrava kA aura saMkleza kA aMga (rUpa) ho to pApAsrava kA hetu hai / yadi vaha ina donoM meM se kisI kA bhI aMga na ho to vyartha hai, niSphala hai| tivvo asuhasuhANaM saMkesa - visohio vivajjau maMdaraso || - paMcama karma-graMtha gAthA 63 - arthAt azubha prakRtiyoM kA tIvra anubhAga saMkleza se aura zubha prakRtiyoM kA tIvra anubhAga vizuddhi se hotA hai| isake viparIta maMdarasa kA hetu hai- arthAt azubha prakRtiyoM ke rasa meM maMdatA vizuddhi se aura zubha prakRtiyoM ke rasa meM maMdatA saMkleza se hotI hai / pApa hI tyAjya hai, puNya nahIM sampUrNa AgamoM kA sAra pApoM kA tyAga karanA hai / pApoM ke tyAga meM hI jIva kA kalyANa hai aura pApoM ke sevana meM hI akalyANa evaM ahita hai / [ 40 ] 1 sAdhanA meM sarvatra pApa ke tyAga kA hI vidhAna hai, puNya ke tyAga kA vidhAna kahIM bhI nahIM hai / sAdhanA kA prAraMbha hotA hai sAmAyika se, samatva se / sAmAyika ke pratijJA pATha meM 'sAvajjaM jogaM paccakkhAmi' AyA hai isakA artha hai sAvadyayogapApakArI pravRtti kA tyAga karatA huuN| isa pratijJA pATha se puNya pravRtti ke tyAga kA kahIM bhI vidhAna nahIM hai / sAdhanA ke kSetra meM Age bhI jitane pATha haiM unameM pApoM ke tyAga kA hI vidhAna hai| kisI bhI pATha meM kisI puNya pravRtti ke tyAga kA Adezanirdeza, upadeza nahIM hai| yahA~ taka ki sAdhanA kA aMtima carama bindu saMlekhanA hai / usake pratijJA pATha meM bhI 'savvaM pANAivAiyaM jAva micchAdaMsaNaM sallaM paccakkhAmi, pATha AyA hai| isameM bhI aThAraha hI pApa kA tyAga kiyA gayA hai| puNya ke tyAga kA yahA~ para bhI koI vidhAna nahIM hai / isase yaha pramANita hotA hai ki puNya ke tyAga kA sAdhanA meM kahIM bhI koI sthAna nahIM hai / yaha tathta agrAGkita Agama uddharaNoM se bhI puSTa hotA hai yathA jaitattva sA

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(1) kahaNaM bhaMte, jIvA garuyattaM havvamAgacchaMti? goyamA, pANAivAegaNaM musAvAeNaMadi0 mehaNa0 mAyAmosamicchAdasaNasalleNaM,eNaMkhalugoyamA,jIvA guruyattaM hvvmaagcchNti| kaha Na bhate, jIvA lahupattaM havvamAgacchanti? goyamA, pANAivAyaveramaNeNaM evaM saMsAraM AulIkareMti evaM parittIkareMti dIhIkareMti hassIkareMti evaM aNupariyaTTeti evaM viiivyNti| pasatthA cattAri appasatthA ctaari||- bhagavatIzataka 1, u. 9 sUtra 72 tathA zataka 12, uddezaka 2 sUtra 442 artha-bhagavana, jIva kisa prakAra gurutva-bhArIpana ko prApta hote hai? gotama, prANatipAta, mRSAvAda Adi Adi aThAraha pApoM kA sevana karane se jIva zIghra gurutva ko prApta hote haiN| bhagavAn, jIva kisa prakAra laghutva ko prApta hote hai? gotama, prANAtipAta Adi aThAraha pApoM ke tyAga se zIghra laghutva (halakApana) ko prApta hote haiN| isa prakAra prANAtipAta Adi pApoM ko sevana karane se jIva (1) gurutva ko prApta hote haiM, (2) saMsAra ko bar3hAte haiM, (3) saMsAra ko lambe kAla kA karate haiM aura (4) bAra-bAra bhava-bhramaNa karate haiM tathA prANAtipAta Adi pApoM kA tyAga karane se jIva (1) laghutva ko prApta karate haiM, (2) saMsAra ko ghaTAte haiM, (3) saMsAra ko alpakAlIna karate haiM aura (4) saMsAra ko pAra kara jAte haiN| inameM se cAra (halakApana Adi) prazasta haiM aura cAra (bhArIpana Adi) aprazasta haiN| asuhAdo viNivittiM, suhe pavittiM, ya jANa caarittN| arthAt - azubha se nivRtti aura zubha meM pravRtti ko cAritra smjho| puNya-pApa tattva pustaka meM 'pApa hI tyAjya hai, puNya nahIM' isake pramukha rUpa meM pRSTha 16 se 23 taka uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke adhyayana 29, 30, 31, 6, 9, 14, 19 kI, dazavaikAlika sUtra ke adhyayana 4,6,8 kI, sUtrasthAnAMga, sUtra kRtAMga, aupapAtika Adi kI lagabhaga 40 se adhika gAthAe~ uddharaNa aura udAharaNa ke rUpa meM prastuta kI hai| jo paThanIya evaM mananIya hai| Azaya yaha hai ki uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke tIsaveM adhyayana meM tapa se (rAga-dveSa se utpanna) pApa karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai, kahA hai| ikatIsaveM adhyayana meM cAritra se pApa karmoM ke Asrava kA nirodha evaM bhava-bhramaNa (janma-maraNa) kA aMta honA kahA hai| cAritra, tapa Adi kisI bhI sAdhanA se puNyAsrava kA nirodha evaM puNya karmoM ke anubhAga (phala) kA kSINa honA nahIM kahA hai| arthAt (puNya) ko kahIM bhI tyAga nahIM kahA hai| puNya-pApa tattva [41]

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puNya kA pAlana : pApa kA prakSAlana * AtmA jisase pavitra ho vaha puNya hai| * AtmA kSAyopazamika, kSAyika va aupazamika bhAva se pavitra hotI hai| * kSAyopazamika, kSAyika va aupazamika bhAva mokSa ke hetu haiN| ina bhAvoM se kaSAya kSINa hotA hai| kaSAya kSINa (kSaya) hone se sattA meM sthita pApa karmoM ke sthiti-baMdha evaM anubhAga-baMdha kA apakarSaNa (kSaya) hotA hai| arthAt pApa karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai| kaSAya kI kSINatA se AdhyAtmika (AMtarika) evaM bhautika (bAhya) vikAsa hotA hai| AdhyAtmika vikAsa se ghAtI aura aghAtI karmoM kI samasta pApa prakRtiyA~ kSINa hotI haiM jisase AtmA kI zuddhi meM vRddhi hotI hai| bhautika vikAsa se zarIra, indriya, prANa Adi kI upalabdhi hotI hai arthAt puNya kA upArjana hotA hai| zubha (puNya) se apane ko bacAnA pApa hai|3(a) puNya ke upArjana se pApa ke Asrava kA nirodha hotA hai| * pApAsrava kA nirodha saMvara hai| * pApa aura puNya karmoM kA phala unake anubhAga ke rUpa meM milatA hai| ataH pApa-puNya kA AdhAra unakA anubhAga hai| sthiti baMdha va pradeza baMdha meM phala dene kI zakti nahIM hai| sthiti baMdha aura pradeza baMdha kI nyUnAdhikatA se karmoM kA phala nyUnAdhika nahIM hotA hai| * puNya ke anubhAga kA sarjana kaSAya ke kSaya se kamI se hotA hai, kaSAya ke udaya se nahIM hotA hai| kaSAya kA pUrNa kSaya kSapaka zreNI meM hotA hai ata: vahIM badhyamAna puNya prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga baMdha hotA hai| puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga utkRSTa hone para antarmuhUrta pazcAt kevala jJAna ho jAtA hai| puNya kA anubhAga utkRSTa hone para puNya paripUrNa ho jAtA hai phira puNya kA upArjana zeSa nahIM rahatA hai| ata: vItarAga ke sAtA vedanIya ko chor3akara anya kisI puNya karma kA upArjana nahIM hotA hai| [42] jainatattva sAra

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* * puNya ke pradezoM kA arjana ( puNyAzrava) aura puNya ke anubhAga kA sarjana kaSAya ke kSaya (kSINatA) arthAt zuddhopayoga se hI hotA hai / azuddhopayoga se nahIM hotA hai| azuddhopayoga se pApa kA Azrava hI hotA hai / " zuddha AtmA ke abhimukha karane vAle pariNAma athavA aupazamika kSAyopazamika, kSAyika bhAva zuddhopayoga hai / puNya ke pariNAma se pUrva saMcita pApa karmoM ke sthiti baMdha evaM anubhAga baMdha kA apavartana (kSaya) hotA hai evaM pApa karmo kA puNya karmoM meM saMkramaNa hotA hai / jisase pApa karmoM ke prakRtibaMdha va pradezabaMdha kA kSaya hotA hai / anubhAga baMdha ataH puNya kA pariNAma pApa karmoM ke prakRtibaMdha, sthiti baMdha, aura pradeza baMdha ina cAroM prakAra ke baMdhanoM ke kSaya meM hetu hai / puNya kI samasta prakRtiyA~ aghAtI hI hotI haiM, sarvaghAtI va dezaghAtI nahIM hotI hai ataH puNya se AtmA ke kisI guNa kA kabhI bhI aMza mAtra bhI ghAta nahIM hotA hai / puNya karma cAra haiM- vedanIya karma, gotra karma, nAma karma aura Ayu karma / ina cAroM karmoM kI puNya prakRtiyoM kA upArjana cAroM kaSAyoM ke kSaya (kSINatA ) se hotA hai / krodha (dveSa, krUratA) kaSAya ke kSaya va kamI se (anukaMpA, karuNA Adi) se sAtA vedanIya kA upArjana hotA hai| mAna kaSAya (mada) ke kSaya va kamI se (nirabhimAnatA, vinamratA se) uccagotra kA upArjana hotA hai / mAyA (vakratA) kaSAya ke kSaya va kamI se (RjutA se) zubha nAma karma kA upArjana hotA hai / lobha kaSAya ke kSaya se (saMtoSa se) va kamI se zubha Ayu karma kA upArjana hotA hai| ina cAroM karmoM kI pApa prakRtiyoM kA Azrava va baMdha uparyukta cAroM kaSAyoM ke udaya se hotA hai|91 puNya kA Azrava (pradeza) va anubhAga kA sarjana kaSAya ke kSaya (kSINatA ) se hotA hai / parantu puNya karma kA sthiti baMdha ( zubha Ayu karma ko chor3akara) udaya meM rahe zeSa kaSAya se hotA hai / puNya-pApa tattva [43]

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* puNya ke anubhAga kI vRddhi sthiti baMdha kA kSaya karane vAlI hotI hai| vItarAga kevalI ke mukti-prApti ke antima samaya jaba pApa-puNya karmoM ko pUrNa kSaya hotA hai taba taka puNya kA anubhAga utkRSTa hI rahatA hai| aMza mAtra mAtra bhI kSaya nahIM hotA hai| kevalI samudghAta se bhI utkRSTa anubhAga meM kSINatA nahIM AtI hai|12 puNya karma ke sthiti-baMdha kA kSaya pApa karma ke sthiti baMdha ke kSaya ke sAtha svataH hotA jAtA hai, isake lie kisI sAdhanA kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI puNya karma kisI bhI guNa kA ghAtaka nahIM hai| puNya karma kA udaya evaM usakA sadupayoga AtmotthAna meM sahAyaka hotA hai| yaha niyama hai ki puNya ke anubhAga kI vRddhi se pApa tathA puNya donoM karmoM ke sthiti baMdha (tIna zubha Ayu ko chor3akara) kA apavartana hotA hai, jisase saMsAra ghaTatA hai| ataH puNya kA upArjana saMsAra bhramaNa ghaTAne meM sahAyaka hone se upAdeya hai| manuSya bhava ke binA mukti nahIM milatI hai aura manuSya bhava anaMta puNya se hI milatA hai| ataH anaMta puNyavAna ko hI mukti milatI hai| puNya kA bhAvAtmaka va AMtarika rUpa saralatA, mRdutA, vinamratA, karuNA Adi guNa haiN| ye jIva ke svabhAva haiN| puNya kA kriyAtmaka va bAhya rUpa dAna, dayA, sevA, svAdhyAya, sata-carcA, sat-ciMtana Adi haiN| puNya kA Antarika phala pApa karmoM kA kSaya karanA hai aura puNya kA bAhya va AnuSaMgika phala zarIra, indriya Adi kI upalabdhi hai, puNya karma prakRtiyoM kA upArjana hai| yaha phala na sAdhya hai na sAdhanA hai, apitu sAdhanA kA sahayogI aMga hai| pApa karma lohe kI ber3I ke samAna saMsAra kArAgAra meM Abaddha karane vAlA hai, ataH akalyANakArI hai, doSa hai, dUSaNa hai| * puNya karma svarNAbhUSaNa (nAgalyA) ke samAna jIvana kA zRMgAra hai zobhAspada hai| svarNa kI ber3I nahIM hai / 13 [44] jainatattva sAra

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sArAMza yaha hai ki puNya ke pAlana se pApa kA prakSAlana hotA hai / 14 jisase mukti kI prApti hotI hai / athavA yoM kaheM ki pApa to karane para hI hotA hai / jabaki 'puNya' pApa ke prakSAlana se, kSayopakSama bhAva se evaM doSoM ke tyAga se svata: hotA hai / saMdarbha grantha tattvArtha sUtra a 6 sUtra 2 - 3 kI rAjavArtika TIkA va anya prAcIna TIkAe~ 1. 2. jayadhavala pustaka 1, pRSTha 5 tathA dhavala pustaka 7, pRSTha 9 3. paMcasaMgraha kA udvartana, apavartana, saMkramaNa prakaraNa 3(a) tattvArthasUtra a. 6 sUtra 3 kI sarvArtha siddhi TIkA meM 'rakSati AtmAnaM zubhAditi pApam' tattvArtha sUtra a. 6 sUtra 2 - 3 kI rAjavArtika TIkA 4. 5. 6. 7. jaya dhavala pustaka 1, pRSTha 96 gAthA 52 AgamabhASayauzamikakSAyopazamikakSAyikaM bhAvatrayaM bhaNyate / adhyAtmabhASayA punaH zuddhAtmAbhimukhapariNAmaH zuddhopayoga - ityAdiparyAyasaMjJAM labhate / / samayasAra tAtparyavRtti gAthA 320, dravyasaMgraha TIkA, gAthA 45 8-9-10-11 bhagavatI sUtra zataka 8 u. 9, zataka 7 u. 6 tathA tattvArthasUtra a. 6 sUtra 12 se 24 taka 12. dhavala pustaka 12, pRSTha 18 13. bahuzruta paM. zrI samarthamalajI ma.sA., zrI rUpacandajI kaTAriyA Adi ke sAtha samayasAra kI gAthA para vicAra / 14. mUka mATI meM puNya prakaraNa, lekhaka AcArya zrI vidyAsAgara jI ma.sA. puNya : sone kI ber3I nahIM, AbhUSaNa hai viSaya - kaSAya janya sukhoM kI pUrti apane se bhinna (para) padArthoM se hotI hai / aisA sukha bhoga vikAra hai, vibhAva hai, doSa hai / indriyoM ke viSaya bhoga, sammAna, satkAra Adi kI pUrti zarIra, indriya, vastu, vyAkti paristhiti bala Adi ke AdhIna hai| ataH viSaya- kaSAya kA bhogI vyakti zarIra, indriya, mana, vastu vyakti, paristhiti, dhana-sampatti Adi kA dAsa yA parAdhIna ho jAtA hai, inase baMdha jAtA hai / ata: bhoga se vyakti zarIra, indriya, bhogya vastuoM Adi kI parAdhItanA meM baMdhanoM meM, kArAgAra meM Abaddha ho jAtA hai / isa prakAra pApa ber3I lohe kI hI hotI hai, ber3I kahIM para bhI, kabhI bhI svarNa kI nahIM banAyI jAtI hai / ataH sone puNya-pApa tattva [ 45 ]

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kI beDI kahanA beDI zabda ke artha ko khonA hai| viSaya-kaSAya Adi pApoM kA sevana karanevAlA vyakti apane sukha hI prApti ke liye hiMsA, jhUTha, zoSaNa, apaharaNa, dhokhAdhar3I, kalaha, saMgharSa Adi azobhanIya, anAdaraNIya AcaraNa karatA hai| ataH doSa dUSaNa haiN| pApa ke viparIta puNya hai| krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha rUpa kaSAyoM meM pApoM meM kamI hone va inakA kSaya hone se kSamA, mRdutA, saralAtA, sajanatA, vinamratA, udAratA, vatsalatA Adi guNa prakaTa hote haiM, jinase AtmA pavitra hotI hai| doSoMpApoM kA kSaya honA, guNoM kA prakaTa honA aura AtmA kA pavitra honA ye tInoM yugapat hote haiM, ina tInoM meM ekatA evaM abhinnatA hai| doSoM va pApoM kA kSaya honA, guNoM kA prakaTa honA, Atma-svabhAva kA prakaTa honA hai, Atma dharma hai aura AtmA kA pavitra honA puNya hai| isa prakAra pApa kA kSaya, dharma aura puNya ye tInoM eka hI avasthA ke rUpa haiN| pApa-kaSAyoM ke kSaya va kamI se kSamA, mRdutA, saralatA Adi Atma-guNoM kA prakaTa honA AtmA ke lie zobhAspada hai tathA ina guNoM kA kriyAtmaka rUpa, sahRdayatA, vinamratA, saMvedanazIlatA, madhuratA, sajjanatA, udAratA, paropakAra, sevA Adi sadpravRtiyA~ vyakti ke jIvana ke lie zobhAspada hai tathA ina sadpravRttiyoM se suMdara samAja kA nirmANa hotA hai, jo samAja ke lie zobhAspada hai| isa prakAra puNya AtmA, jIvana evaM samAja ina sabake liye zobhAspada hone se alaMkAra hai, AbhUSaNa hai, ber3I nhiiN| bhUSaNa hai, dUSaNa nhii| puNya ko AbhUSaNa kI upamA denA bhI eka artha meM apUrNa haiN| kAraNa ki AbhUSaNa zarIra para sadaiva dhAraNa nahIM kiyA jAtA hai tathA zarIra se AbhUSaNa pRthaka hotA hai| ataH yaha upamA sadpravRtti rUpa puNya para hI ghaTita hotI hai| Atma-guNoM ke prakaTa hone rUpa puNya para ghaTita nahIM hotI hai| Atma-guNa AtmA ke abhinna aMga hai, jo AtmA se alaga nahIM hote haiM aura sadpravRtti yadA-kadA hotI hai, nirantara nahIM hai| ataH AtmaguNa to zarIra ke samAna haiM aura sadpravRtti AbhUSaNa ke samAna hai| Azaya yaha hai ki beDI kArAgAra kI parAdhInatA kI dyotaka hai| kArAgAra usI ko milatA hai jo aparAdhI va doSI hai| kArAgAra kI zreNI meM bheda va bhinnatA kA kAraNa aparAdhI ke aparAdha meM bheda va bhinnatA honA hai| parantu kArAgAra kisI bhI zreNI kA ho, vaha aparAdhI ko hI milatA hai, niraparAdhI ko nhiiN| ataH ber3I lohe kI ho athavA svarNa kI ho, vaha doSa va aparAdha kI arthAt pApa kI hI sUcaka hai, puNya kI nhiiN| [46] jainatattva sAra

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prAkkathana (puNya-pApa tattva pustaka se uddhRta lekhaka kA prAkkathana) ___ - kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA vartamAna meM katipaya vidvAn dayA, dAna, karuNA, anukampA, vAtsalya, vaiyAvRttya (sevA) Adi sadpravRttiyoM ko tathA namratA, mRdutA, mitratA, saralatA, sajjanatA, mAnavatA, udAratA Adi sadguNoM ko dharma nahIM mAnate haiM, puNya mAnate haiM aura puNya ko vibhAva, tyAjya va saMsAra paribhramaNa kA kAraNa mAnate haiN| prakArAntara se kaheM to sadguNoM evaM sadpravRttiyoM ko heya va tyAjya mAnate haiM / isa bhrAMti kA mukhya kAraNa puNya tattva, puNyAsava, puNya kA anubhAga va puNya karma ke sthiti baMdha Adi ke aMtara ke marma para dhyAna nahIM denA hai| isa pustaka meM inakA va isase saMbaMdhita anya viSayoM ko vivecana kara vAstavikatA kA anusaMdhAna karane kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| isa pustaka kA viSaya puNya-pApa donoM kA vivecana karanA rahA hai| paranta pApa ke svarUpa, paribhASA, lakSaNa Adi meM matabheda nagaNya hone se pApa kA vivecana sAmAnya va saMkSepa meM kiyA gayA hai| jabaki puNya ke viSaya meM atyadhika matabheda evaM paraspara virodhI mAnyatAe~ hone se aneka prazna evaM jijJAsAe~ uThatI haiN| isalie puNya kA vividha vivakSAoM evaM vistAra se vivecana kiyA gyaa| yaha vivecana uttarAdhyayana sUtra, bhagavatIsUtra Adi Agama, SaTkhaMDAgama aura usakI TIkA, dhavalamahAdhavala kaSAyapAhuDa aura usakI TIkA jayadhavala, karmagrantha, kammapayaDi, paMcasaMgraha gommaTasAra karmakANDa Adi karma-siddhAnta ke granthoM ke pramANoM ko prastuta karate hue kiyA hai| lekhana ke pUrva vidvAnoM se vicAra-vimarza kara, pUrvApara virodhoM kA nirasana karane kA pUrA prayAsa kiyA hai| puNyakarma dharma nahIM ho sakatA, inameM do mata nahIM ho skte| karma pudgala va ajIva hai, ataH jIva ke svabhAva-vibhAva se isakA koI sIdhA saMbaMdha nahI hai| AtmA ke svabhAva-vibhAva kA AdhAra usake saguNoM evaM durguNa hote haiN| sadguNa sadpravRtti ke, durguNa duSpravRtti ke janaka haiN| dayA, dAna, karuNA, namratA, mRdutA Adi guNoM kA kriyAtmaka rUpa sadpravRtiyA~ yA zubhayoga haiM jo kaSAya kamI hone se hote haiN| ataH ye svabhAva ke dyotaka hone se dharma va puNya donoM haiN| isa dRSTi se puNya tattva (zubha va zuddha adhyavasAya) va dharma eka bhI haiN| isI prakAra aneka vivakSAoM se pustaka meM yathAprasaMga vicAra-vimartha va maMthana kiyA gayA hai| isase kitanA navanIta prApta huA hai, isakA nirNaya pAThaka svayaM kreNge| puNya-pApa tattva [47]

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pustaka meM jijJAsAoM ke samAdhAna ke lie kucha tathyAtmaka siddhAntoM evaM pramANoM ko ekAdhika bAra doharAnA par3A hai| ise punarukta doSa na samajhA jAve / viSaya ke pratipAdana ko spaSTa evaM puSTa karane ke lie yathAprasaMga paribhASAoM evaM pramANoM ke uddharaNoM ko bAra-bAra prastuta karanA Avazyaka thA / aisA na karane para usa prasaMga meM viSaya kA vivecana adhUrA raha jAtA jisase samyak samAdhAna nahIM ho sakatA thA / ata: nivedana hai ki prakRta viSaya para jo pramANa diye gae haiM, una para niSpakSa hokara gahana-ciMtana-manana kareM aura vastu tathya kA samyak nirNaya kareM / prANimAtra kA hita rAga, dveSa, viSaya, kaSAya, moha Adi doSoM se rahita hone meM, apane svabhAva ko prakaTa karane meM hai, zeSa saba vyartha hai prastuta pustaka kA lakSya bhI yahI pratipAdita karanA rahA hai / ata: hama vAda-vivAda se Upara uThakara vivecya - viSaya se apane vikAroM ko ghaTAye, sadguNoM ko prakaTa kareM, yahI namra nivedana hai| vastutaH jIva ke hita-ahita kA kAraNa bhAvoM kI vizuddhi - azuddhi hI hai| mana, vacana evaM kAyA kI sadpravRttiyoM tathA duSpravRttiyoM meM mukhyatA bhAvoM kI hI hai / bhAvoM kI azuddhi pApa karmoM ke baMdha kI aura bhAvoM kI vizuddhi pApa karmoM ke nirodha, nirjarA va mokSa kI tathA puNyopArjana kI hetu haiN| baMdha va mokSa ke mukhya hetu azuddha-zuddha bhAva hI hai / jisa bhAva va usakI kriyAtmaka pravRtti se AtmA kA patana ho use pApa tattva kahA hai| AtmA kA patana rAga, dveSa Adi dUSita bhAvoM se evaM prANAtipAta, mRSAvAda Adi duSpravRttiyoM se hotA hai / ata: rAga, dveSa, prANAtipAta Adi doSa va duSpravRttiyA~ pApa haiN| inhIM pApoM ke pariNAma se pApa karmoM kA upArjana, Asrava va baMdha Adi pApa ke vibhinna rUpa (prakAra) jIva ke guNoM ke ghAtaka, bhavabhramaNa karAne vAle, akalyANakArI, saMsAravarddhaka evaM duHkhada hote haiM / ataH ye saba heya va tyAjya haiN| pApa tattva ke viparIta puNya tattva hai| jisase AtmA kA utthAna ho, AtmA pavitra ho, vaha puNya hai| AtmA kI apavitratA kA hetu pApa va doSa haiN| doSoM meM, kaSAyoM meM kamI hone se bhAvoM meM vizuddhi yA pavitratA hotI hai jisase kSamA, saralatA, vinamratA, karuNA Adi jIva ke svAbhAvika guNoM meM vRddhi hotI hai tathA ye guNa dayA, dAna, sevA, svAdhyAya Adi sadpravRttiyoM ke rUpa meM prakaTa hote haiM, inheM hI puNya tattva kahA gayA hai jo AdhyAtmika vikAsa kA sUcaka hai / AdhyAtmika vikAsa puNya tattva kA AMtarika phala [ 48 ] jaitattva sA

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hai| puNya tattva se puNya karma kI prakRtiyoM kA upArjana hotA hai jisase zarIra, indriya, manuSya gati, paMcendriya jAti Adi sAmagrI milatI hai arthAt bhautika vikAsa hotA hai| yaha puNya tattva kA bAhya phala hai| pApa meM kamI hone se AtmA pavitra hotI hai| AtmA kI pavitratA jIva kA svabhAva hai| ataH puNya karma kA upArjana svabhAva se, nisarga se svataH hotA hai| isake liye pApa ke nirodha va kSaya ke atirikta anya kisI prayatna kI apekSA nahIM hai| puNya karma pUrNa rUpa se aghAtI karma hai aura zubha phala dAyaka hai| ataH muktiprApti meM yaha lezamAtra bhI bAdhaka nahIM hotA hai, apitu sahAyaka hI hotA hai| isase kisI bhI jIva ko kabhI bhI hAni honA saMbhava nahIM hai| yaha niyama hai ki puNya karma kA upArjana Atma-pavitratA se, Atma-vikAsa se, Atmika guNoM kI vRddhi se saMyama, tyAga, tapa se hotA hai, parantu puNya karma ke udaya se AtmavikAsa va guNoM kI vRddhi hotI ho, aisA niyama nahIM hai| kAraNa ki puNya karma se zarIra, indriya Adi sAdhana sAmagrI milatI hai| prApta sAdhana sAmagrI kA durupayoga evaM sadupayoga donoM ho sakate haiN| puNya se prApta zarIra, indriya Adi kA upayoga viSaya-kaSAya ke sevana meM hiMsA, jhUTha, corI Adi duSpravRttiyoM meM arthAt pApoM meM karanA puNya karma kA durupayoga hai| isase puNya kSINa hotA hai evaM pApa karmoM meM vRddhi hotI hai, jo ahita, duHkha evaM saMsAra-paribhramaNa kA kAraNa hai| isameM doSa puNya karma kA nahIM hai, apitu usase prApta sAmagrI ke durupayoga kA hai| puNya se prApta sAmagrI zarIra Adi meM jIvana-buddhi rakhanA, inase viSaya-sukha bhoganA inakA dAsa honA hai, inake AdhIna honA hai| AtmA kA hita dAsatA se, parAdhInatA se mukta hone meM hai| jo puNya se prApta sAmagrI kA upayoga viSaya-kaSAya sevana meM na karake sevA-sAdhanA meM karatA hai, vaha inakI dAsatA meM Abaddha nahIM hotA hai, inase Upara uTha jAtA hai, svAdhIna va mukta ho jAtA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki puNya karma se prApta sAmagrI ke sadupayogase puNya tattva puSTa hotA hai jisase puNya karma ke upArjana meM, anubhAva meM vRddhi hotI hai| isa prakAra puNyatattva se puNya karma meM aura puNya karma ke sadupayoga se puNya tattva meM uttarottara vRddhi hotI jAtI hai jisase AdhyAtmika evaM bhautika vikAsa hotA jAtA hai| ataH mahattva puNya tattva kA evaM puNya karma se prApta sAmagrI ke sadupayoga kA hai| isa tathya ko sadaiva smaraNa rakhanA hai ki puNya karma se prApta puNya-pApa tattva [49]

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zarIra Adi sAdhana sAmagrI hai, sAdhana, sAdhya evaM jIvana nahIM hai| sAdhanasAmagrI ko sAdhya va jIvana mAnanA bhayaMkara bhUla hai, apanA ghora ahita karanA hai| isa bhUla ke rahate mukti kI prApti kadApi saMbhava nahIM hai| ataH sAdhaka kA hita puNya karma ke saMpAdana meM hai, usameM Abaddha hone meM nahIM hai| sAdhaka kA kartavya puNya karma kA sadupayoga dayA, dAna, sevA, sAdhanA meM kara, karma kI dAsatA se chuTakArA pA lene meM hai, usase Upara uTha jAne meM hai, usake Azraya kA tyAgakara svAdhIna ho jAne meM hai| sAdhaka ke lie puNya karma se prApta sAmagrI ke sadupayoga kA dAyitva hai, jo sAdhanA meM sahAyaka hai ise kabhI nahIM bhUlanA cAhie arthAt sAdhaka ko puNya karma se prApta sAmagrI ke dAsatva se chuTakArA pAnA hai| prastuta pustaka meM puNya-pApa kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| isameM pApa tattva, pApAsava, pApakarma, pApa-pravRtti Adi pApa ke saba rUpa pUrNa rUpa se tyAjya hI hai| parantu jahA~ bhI puNya ko mahattva diyA gayA hai va ise mukti meM sahAyaka kahA hai vahA~ puNya ke kAraNabhUta kaSAya meM kamI rUpa vizuddhi bhAva ko, AtmapavitratA ko, puNya karma ke sadupayoga ko, puNya ke anubhAva ko hI grahaNa karanA caahiye| puNya karmoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga AtmA kI vizuddhi kI pUrNatA kA dyotaka hai| puNya karmoM ke anubhAga kI utkRSTa avasthA meM hI kevalajJAna evaM kevaladarzana saMbhava hai| ataH puNya karma meM mahattva Atma-vizuddhi kA hI hai| __isa kRti meM maiMne jo niSkarSa die haiM, ve jainAgama evaM karma-siddhAnta ke graMthoM meM pratipAdita tathyoM ke AdhAra para sthApita haiN| vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie pUrva prakAzita pustaka 'puNya-pApa tattva' meM nimnAMkita prakaraNa paThanIya hai- 1. puNya tattva : svarUpa aura mahattva, 2. pApa tattva : svarUpa aura bheda, 3. pApa hI tyAjya hai, puNya nahIM, 4. puNya-pApa tattva aura puNya-pApa karma meM antara, 5. pApa-puNya kA AdhAra : saMkleza-vizuddhi, 6. kaSAya kI mandatA puNya hai, manda kaSAya pApa hai,7. karma-siddhAnta aura puNya-pApa, 8. tattvajJAna aura puNya-pApa, 9. puNya kA upArjana kaSAya kI kamI se aura pApa kA upArjana kaSAya kI vRddhi se, 10. kSayopazamAdi bhAva, puNya aura dharma, 11. ahiMsA, puNya aura dharma, 12. puNya-pApa kA pariNAma, 13. puNya-pApa karmabaMdha kA mukhya kAraNa kaSAya hai, yoga nahIM, 14. puNya kI abhivRddhi se pApa kA kSaya, 15. puNya-pApa kI [50] jainatattva sAra

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utpatti-vRddhi-kSaya kI prakriyA, 16. puNya-pApa kI bandha vyucchitti : eka cintana, 17. mukti meM puNya sahAyaka, pApa bAdhaka, 18. puNya ke anubhAga kA kSaya kisI sAdhanA se nahIM, 19. puNya-pApa ke anubaMdha kI caukaDI, 20. puNya-pApa Asrava kA hetu : zuddha-azuddha upayoga, 21. zubhayoga (sadpravRtti) se pApa karmakSaya hote haiM, 22. anukampA se puNyAsrava va karmakSaya donoM hote haiM, 23. Atma-vikAsa, sampannatA aura puNya-pApa, 24. sampannatA puNya kA aura vipannatA pApa kA phala, 25. puNya-pApa viSayaka jJAtavya tathya (pustaka kA sAra saMkSepa) ___ DaoN0 sAgaramalajI kI bhUmikA ke aMza puNya kI upAdeyatA kA prazna puNya kI upAdeyatA ko siddha karane ke lie AdhyAtmika sAdhaka prajJApuruSa paM. kanhaiyAlAla jI lor3hA ne ati parizrama karake prastuta kRti meM sapramANa yaha siddha karane kA prayatna kiyA hai ki puNya heya nahIM hai, apitu upAdeya hai| yadi puNya karma ko mukti meM bAdhaka mAnakara heya mAneMge to tIrthaMkara nAma gotra karma ko bhI mukti meM bAdhaka mAnanA hogA, kintu koI bhI jaina vicAraka tIrthaMkara nAma gotra karma ke baMdha ko mukti meM bAdhaka, anupAdeya ya heya nahIM mAnatA hai| kyoMki tIrthaMkara nAmakarma ke baMdha ke pazcAt niyamataH tIsare bhava meM avazya mukti hotI hai| punaH tIrthaMkara nAma gotra karma kA, jaba taka unake AyuSya karma kI sthiti hotI hai taba taka hI astitva rahatA hai| ataH vaha mukti meM bAdhaka nahIM hotA, kyoMki tIrthaMkara nAma karma se yukta jIva tIrthaMkara nAma karma gotra ke udaya kI avasthA meM niyama se hI mukti ko prApta hotA hai| vastataH vyakti meM jaba taka yoga arthAt mana-vacana-karma kI pravRttiyA~ haiM taba taka karmAsrava aparihArya hai| phira bhI jainAcAryoM ne ina yogoM athavA mana, vacana aura kAyA kI pravRttiyoM ko heya nahIM batAyA hai aura na unheM tyAgane kA hI nirdeza diyA hai| unakA nirdeza mAtra itanA hI hai ki mana, vacana aura kAyA kI jo azubha yA aprazasta pravRttiyA~ haiM, unheM rokA jAye, prazasta pravRttiyoM ke rokane kA kahIM bhI koI nirdeza nahIM hai| tIrthaMkara athavA kevalI bhI yoga-nirodha usI samaya karatA hai jaba AyuSya karma mAtra pA~ca hasva-svaroM ke uccAraNa lagane vAle samaya ke samatulya raha jAtA hai, ataH puNya karma ko mukti meM bAdhaka yA saMsAra paribhramaNa kA kAraNa nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| vastutaH saMsAra paribhramaNa kA kAraNa nahIM hai| satya to yaha hai ki IryApathika Asrava vastutaH baMdha nahIM karatA hai| puNya-pApa tattva [51]

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kabhI-kabhI yaha bhI kahA jAtA hai ki puNya karma karane meM prazasta rAga hotA hai aura prazasta rAga bhI saMsAra paribhramaNa kA kAraNa hotA hai| vastutaH yahA~ hama do bAtoM ko Apasa meM milA dete haiN| karma kI prazastatA aura karma rAgAtmakatA ye do alagaalaga tathya haiN| jo prazasta karma ho vaha rAgAtmaka bhI ho, yaha Avazyaka nahIM hai| baMdhana meM DAlane vAlA tattva rAga-dveSa yA kaSAya hai, jaina karma-siddhAnta ke anusAra usakI anupasthiti meM baMdhana nahIM hotA hai| vastutaH prazastakarma kA sampAdana baMdhana kA kAraNa nahIM hai| sabhI sadpravRttiyA~ yA puNya karma rAgAtmakatA yA Asakti se utpanna nahIM hote haiN| prajJAvAna AtmAoM ke karma karttavya bhAva se hote haiM aura mAtra karttavya buddhi se kiyA gayA vinaya yA sevA rUpa kArya baMdhana kA nahIM, apitu nirjarA kA hI hetu hotA hai| isa prakAra karma-phala kI AkAMkSA, mamatva buddhi yA kaSAya hI usake baMdhana ke kAraNa haiM kyoMki unakI upasthiti meM hI karma kA sthitibaMdha hotA hai aura sthiti ko lekara jo karma baMdhate haiM, ve hI saMsAra paribhramaNa ke kAraNa aura mukti meM bAdhaka hote haiM, na ki karttavya buddhi se kiye gaye satkarma yA punnykrm| zubha evaM zuddha avirodhI hai sAmAnyatayA yaha samajhA jAtA hai ki puNya prakRtiyoM aura nivRttimUlaka dharmasAdhanA meM athavA zubha aura zuddha meM paraspara virodha hai, kintu yaha eka bhrAnta avadhAraNAA hai| zuddha dazA kI upalabdhi ke lie zubha kI sAdhanA Avazyaka hotI hai, jaise kapar3e ke mailA ko haTAne ke lie sAbuna Avazyaka hai| hama yaha jAnate haiM ki azubha pravRttiyoM meM nivRtti tabhI saMbhava hotI hai jaba zubha yoga meM pravRtti hotI hai| azubha se bacane ke lie zubha meM athavA pApa pravRttiyoM se bacane ke lie puNya pravRttiyoM meM jur3anA Avazyaka hai| hamArI cittavRtti prArambhika avasthA meM nirvikalpa avasthA ko prApta nahIM ho sktii| citta vizuddhi ke lie sarvaprathama citta meM loka maMgala yA loka kalyANa kI bhAvanA ko sthAna denA hotA hai| azubha se zubha kI ora bar3hanA hotA hai aura zubha kI ora bar3hanA hI zuddha kI ora bar3hanA hai| jisa prakAra vastra kI zuddhi ke lie pahale sAbuna Adi lagAnA hotA hai, sAbuna Adi dravya vastra kI vizuddhi meM sAdhaka hI hote haiM bAdhaka nhiiN| usI prakAra niSkAma bhAva se kiye gaye loga maMgala ke kArya bhI mukti kI sAdhaka hote haiM bAdhaka nhiiN| jisa prakAra vastra kI zuddhi-prakriyA meM bhI vastra se maila ko nikAlane kA hI prayatna kiyA jAtA hai sAbuna to maila ke nikAlane ke sAtha hI svataH hI nikala jAtA hai| usI prakAra cAhe puNya pravRttiyoM ke nimitta se Asrava hotA bhI ho, kintu vaha Asrava Atma [52] jainatattva sAra

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vizuddhi kA sAdhaka hI hotA hai| yahA~ yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki zuddhopayoga kI avasthA meM puNya ke Asrava se sthiti baMdha nahIM hotaa| tIrthaMkara athavA kevalI sadaiva zaddhopayoga meM rahate haiM, kintu unako bhI apanI yoga pravRtti ke dvArA vedanIya karma kA Asrava jo puNya prakRti kA Asrava hai yA- IryApathika Asrava hai, hotA hI rahatA hai| isakA phalita yaha hai ki zubhayoga zuddhApeyoga meM bAdhaka nahIM hai, apitu sAdhaka hI haiN| kasAyapAhuDa kI jayadhavalA TIkA meM anukaMpA aura zuddhopayoga se bhI Asrava mAnA hai, kintu aisA Asrava heya nahIM hai| tIrthaMkara vItarAga hote haiN| unheM zuddhopayoga dazA meM bhI yoga kI sattA bane rahane para zubhAsrava to hotA hI hai| ataH zuddhopayoga aura zubhAsrava virodhI nahIM haiN| zuddhopayoga AtmA kI avasthA hai jabaki zubha yoga, jo puNya baMdha kA kAraNa hai mana, vacana aura kAyA kI pravRtti kA hI pariNAma hai| jaba taka jIvana hai, yoga hoMge hii| yadi zubha yoga nahIM hoMge to azubha yoga hoMge, ataH azubha se nivRtti hone para hI zubha yoga ke dvArA zuddhopayoga kI prApti saMbhava hai| zubha-yoga aura zuddhopayoga meM sAdhana-sAdhya bhAva hai, ataH unheM avirodhI mAnakara zuddhopayoga dazA kI prApti ke lie sAdhana rUpa zubha yogoM arthAt puNya karmoM kA avalaMbana lenA caahiye| pApa rUpI bImArI ko haTAne ke lie puNya pravRtti auSadhi rUpa haiN| jisase AtmA-vizuddhi rUpa svAsthya yA zuddhopayoga dazA kI prApti hotI hai| vastutaH zubhAzubha karmoM se jo Upara uThane kI bAta kahI jAtI hai usakA tAtparya mAtra itanA hI hai ki mokSarUpI sAdhya kI upalabdhi hone para vyakti puNyapApa donoM kA atikramaNa kara jAtA hai jaise nadI pAra karane ke lie naukA kI apekSA hotI hai kintu jaise hI kinArA prApta ho jAtA hai, naukA bhI chor3a denI par3atI hai, kintu isase naukA kI mUlyavattA yA mahattA ko kama nahIM AMkanA caahiye| pAra hone ke lie usakI AvazyakatA to aparihArya rUpa se hotI hai| vaise hI saMsAra rUpI samudra se pAra hone ke lie puNya rUpI naukA apekSita hai, kyoMki sAdhanA kI pUrNatA mAnavIya guNoM kI abhivyakti meM hai aura mAnavIya guNoM kI abhivyakti ke lie puNya karmoM kA sampAdana Avazyaka hai, ataH puNya karmoM kI upAdeyatA nirvivAda hai| puNya karmoM ko baMdhana rUpa mAnakara jo unakI upekSA kI jAtI hai vaha baMdhana ke svarUpa kI sahI samajha nahIM hone ke kAraNa hai| puNya karma jaba niSkAma bhAva se kiye jAte haiM to unase baMdhana nahIM hotA hai| yadi jaina dharma kI zAstrIya bhASA meM kahe to unase mAtra IryApathika baMdha hotA hai, jo vastuta: baMdha nahIM hai / baMdhana jaba bhI hogA puNya-pApa tattva [53]

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vaha rAga-dveSa (kaSAya) evaM phalAMkAMkSA kI sattA hone para hI hogA, unakA abhAva hone para baMdhana nahIM hogaa| jaina karma siddhAnta kA yaha zAzvata niyama hai ki kisI bhI karma kA sthiti baMdha kaSAya ke kAraNa hai| ata: vItarAga dazA kI prApti para zubha karma yA puNya karma akarma bana jAte haiM, ve baMdhana nahIM karate haiN| ataH tyAjya kaSAya hai na ki puNya krm| AtmA kI zuddha dazA kI prApti arthAt zuddhapayoga meM upasthiti kaSAya ke abhAva meM hI saMbhava hai ataH usakI prApti ke lie 'kaSAya kA tyAga Avazyaka hai na ki puNya pravRtti kaa| vastuta: jaba rAga-dveSa (kaSAya) evaM phalAkAMkSA samApta ho jAtI hai taba vaha zubhakarma akarma bana jAtA hai| kaSAya cAhe adhika ho yA alpa, vaha tyAjya hai, vaha pAparUpa hI hai, kyoMki vaha bandhana kA kAraNa hI hai| AdaraNIya kanhaiyAlAla jI loDhA kA yaha kathana zata pratizata sahI hai ki manda kaSAya pAparUpa hai, kintu kaSAya kI mandatA puNya rUpa hai| kaSAya meM jitanI mandatA hogI, puNyaprabhAra utanA hI adhika hogaa| puNya pravRttiyA~ jaba bhI hotI haiM, ve kaSAya kI mandatA meM hI hotI hai| ataH kaSAya cAhe vaha manda hI kyoM na ho, tyAjya hai, kintu kaSAya kI mandatA upAdeya hai, kyoMki sAdhaka kaSAya ko manda karate-karate anta meM vItarAga dazA ko upalabdha ho jAtA hai aura jaba vaha vItarAga dazA ko upalabdha ho jAtA hai to usakI svAbhAvika rUpa se ni:sRta hone vAlI lokamaMgalakArI puNya pravRttiyA~ bandhana kAraka nahIM hotI haiN| ve tyAjya nahIM, apitu upAdeya hI hotI haiN| baMdhana puNya pravRttiyoM se nahIM hotA hai, bandhana to vyakti kI nidAna buddhi yA phalAkAMkSA se hotA hai athavA kaSAya kI upasthiti se hotA hai| guNasthAna siddhAnta ke anusAra bhI karmabaMdha dasaveM guNasthAna taka hI saMbhava hai, kyoMki dasaveM guNasthAna meM saMjvalana lobha (sUkSma lobha) kI sattA hai| gyArahaveM guNasthAna se lekara caudahaveM guNasthAna taka lokamaMgala kI pravRttiyoM ke phalasvarUpa jo dvi-samaya kA IryApathika sAtAvedanIya karma kA baMdha hotA hai vastutaH vaha baMdhana nahIM hai| ataH puNya rUpa sadpravRttiyA~ bandha rUpa nahIM hai ataH ve heya nahIM upAdeya haiM / heya to kaSAya haiM, jo pApa rUpa haiN| prastuta kRti meM paM0 kanhaiyAlAla jI lor3hA ne puNya pravRttiyoM kI upAdeyatA ko sapramANa siddha kiyA hai| unake mukhya pratipAdya bindu nimna haiM(1) puNyatattva aura puNya karma meM antara hai| cAhe puNyakarma baMdhana ke nimitta hoM, kintu puNyatattva bandhana kA nimitta nahIM hai| puNyakarma kriyA puNyatattva upayoga rUpa hai, zubha Atma pariNAma rUpa hai jo [54] jainatattva sAra

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(2) kaSAya kI mandatA kA pariNAma hai| ataH kaSAya kI mandatA rUpa puNya tattva Atma-vizuddhi kA nimitta hone se upAdeya hai| kaSAya kI mandatA aura manda kaSAya meM antara hai| jahA~ kaSAya kI mandatA puNya rUpa hai vahA~ manda kaSAya bhI pApa rUpa hai| kaSAya kI mandatA se zubhapariNAma hote haiM aura usase puNya tattva meM abhivRddhi hotI hai, jabaki manda kaSAya se bhI azubha pariNAma hI utpanna hote haiM aura unase pApa tattva kI abhivRddhi hotI hai| isa prakAra kaSAya kI mandatA puNya kA hetu hai, jabaki manda kaSAya pApa ke hetu haiN| kaSAya kI mandatA se huI puNya kI abhivRddhi Atma-vizuddhi kA hetu hone se mokSa kI upalabdhi meM sAdhaka hai| ataH puNya mokSa kA sAdhaka hone se upAdeya hai, jabaki pApa mokSa meM bAdhaka hone se heya (5) puNya pApa kA prakSAlana karatA hai, ataH puNya sone kI ber3I na hokara sone kA AbhUSaNa hai| ber3I baMdhana meM DAlatI hai, AbhUSaNa nhiiN| ber3I bAdhyatAvaza dhAraNa karanI par3atI hai, jabaki AbhUSaNa svecchA se dhAraNa kiyA jAtA hai| ataH ber3I se hama icchAnusAra mukta nahIM ho sakate haiM, kintu AbhUSaNa se icchAnusAra mukta ho sakate haiN| ata: AbhUSaNa rUpa puNya ke kSaya kA koI upAya kisI sAdhanA meM nirdiSTa nahIM hai| dayA, dAna, karuNA, vAtsalya, sevA Adi sadpravRttiyoM se baMdha nahIM hotA hai| baMdha to tabhI hotA hai, jaba kartA meM phalAkAMkSA, nidAna kartRtva yA bhoktRtva rUpa kaSAya pariNAma ho| saMkSepa meM zabhayoga ke sAtha rahA huA kaSAya bhAva hI una karmoM ke sthiti baMdha kA kAraNa hotA hai| zubha yoga karmabaMdha kA kAraNa nahIM hotaa| puNya svabhAva hai, svabhAva kA nAza nahIM hotA hai| punaH jo svabhAva hotA hai, vahI dharma hai| puNya svabhAva hai ataH vaha dharma hai| punaH svabhAva kA tyAga saMbhava nahIM hai, ataH puNya tyAjya nahIM hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki tIrthaMkara kevalajJAna kI prApti ke pazcAt bhI lokakalyANa yA prANiyoM ke prati anukampA kI dRSTi se hI tIrtha pravartana, dharmopadeza (6) puNya-pApa tattva [55]

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(7) paNya ke Adi pravRtti karate haiN| ataH puNya kabhI bhI tyAjya nahIM hai, vaha sadaiva hI upAdeya hai| puNya kevala Asrava yA baMdha rUpa nahIM hai, apitu saMvara aura nirjarA rUpa bhI hai, ataH puNya heya nahIM upAdeya hai| (8) puNya-pApa karma kA saMbaMdha unakI phaladAna zakti-anubhAga se hai, sthiti baMdha se nahIM hai| jaina darzana meM vItarAgatA kI upalabdhi ke lie rAgAdi pApoM ko hI tyAjya kahA hai, puNya ko nhiiN| ataH Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, mokSa Adi tattvoM bheda-upabheda kA pratipAdana pApa ko lakSya meM rakhakara hI kriyA hai, puNya ko lekara nhiiN| (10) jaina karma-siddhAnta meM jIva ke svabhAva va guNa kA ghAtaka ghAtI karmoM ko hI kahA hai, aghAtI karmoM ko nhiiN| aghAtI karmoM kI asAtA vedanIya, nIca gotra, anAdeya, ayazakIrti Adi pApa prakRtiyoM kI sattA bhI jIva ke kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana Adi kisI bhI guNa kI upalabdhi meM bAdhaka nahIM hai| ataH puNya prakRtiyoM ko jIva ke kisI bhI guNa kI upalabdhi meM evaM vItarAgatA meM bAdhaka mAnanA siddhAnta viruddha hai| (11) puNya-pApa donoM virodhI haiN| ataH jitanA pApa ghaTatA hai utanA hI puNya bar3hatA hai| puNya ke anubhAga kI vRddhi pApa ke kSaya kI sUcaka hai| puNya ke anubhAga ke ghaTane se pApa karmoM ke sthiti aura anubhAga baMdha niyama se bar3hate hai| (12) puNya ke anubhAga kA kSaya kisI bhI sAdhanA ke yahA~ taka ki kevala samudghAta se bhI nahIM hotA hai| (13) cAroM aghAtI karmoM kI puNya prakRtiyoM kA upArjana cAroM kaSAyoM ke ghaTane se va kSaya se hotA hai| (14) puNya tyAjya nahIM hai, puNya ke sAtha rahA huA phalAkAMkSA nidAna, bhoktRtvabhAva kartRtvabhAva rUpa kaSAya va pApa tyAjya hai| jaise gehU~ ke sAtha rahe hue kaMkara-miTTI evaM bhUsA tyAjya haiM, gehU~ tyAjya nahIM hai| [56] jainatattva sAra

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(15) puNya kA anubhAga bar3hakara catuHsthAnika hue binA samyamdarzana aura utkRSTa hue binA kevalajJAna nahIM hotA hai| ataH puNya Atma-vikAsa meM, sAdhanA meM bAdhaka va heya nahIM hai| yaha to hamane paNDita pravara lor3hA jI kI sthApanAoM kA saMkSipta jhalaka dI hai| unhoMne prastuta kRti ke anta meM aise eka sau aThAraha tathya prastuta kiye haiM, jo puNya kI upAdeyatA ko siddha karate haiN| vastutaH unakI ye sthApanAe~ kisI pakSa-vizeSa ke khaNDana-maNDana kI dRSTi se nahIM, apitu jaina karma siddhAnta ke graMthoM ke gaMbhIra AloDana kA pariNAma hai| ve mAtra vidvAn nahIM hai, apitu sAdhaka bhI haiN| unake dvArA isa kRti kI racanA kA prayojana unake antas meM pravAhamAna karuNA kI ajasradhArA hI hai| unakA pratipAdya mAtra yahI hai ki dharma aura AdhyAtmikatA ke nAma para sevA aura karuNA kI sadapravRttiyoM kA samAja se vilopa nahIM ho| kyoMki manuSya kI manuSyatA isI meM hai ki vaha dUsare prANiyoM kA rakSaka bane, unake sukha-duHkha kA sahabhAgI bne| ___vastuta: maiM pUjya lor3hAjI kA atyanta AbhArI hU~ ki unhoMne bhUmikA lekhana kA dAyitva mujhe dekara unakI isa gahana gaMbhIra tAttvika kRti meM avagAhana kA avasara diyaa| Amukha (puNya-pApa tattva pustaka se uddhRta saMpAdakIya) ___- dharmacandra jaina kyA 'puNya' bhI 'pApa' kI bhA~ti heya hai? yaha eka yakSa prazna hai, jisakA samAdhAna tattvamanISI paM. kanhaiyAlAla jI lor3hA ne apanI isa kRti meM zvetAmbara evaM digambara srotoM ke AdhAra para prastuta karane kA mahanIya prayAsa kiyA hai| lekhaka ne puNya tattva ko vizuddhibhAva ke rUpa meM nirUpita karate hue use karmakSaya evaM muktiprApti meM sahAyaka mAnA hai, jabaki pApa ko mukti meM bAdhaka pratipAdita kiyA hai| lekhaka ne puNya ko sone kI ber3I nahIM, apitu AbhUSaNa batAyA hai| kucha loga jaina dharma kI yaha vizeSatA mAnate haiM ki isameM puNya ko bhI heya kahA gayA hai| yaha saca hai ki siddhAvasthA meM na puNya rahatA hai aura na paap| kintu isase puNya ko pApa kI bhAMti heya nahIM kahA jA sktaa| sAdhaka ke lie puNya usI prakAra upAdeya hai, jisa prakAra ki saMvara evaM nirjraa| puNya kI upAdeyatA ko puNya-pApa tattva [57]

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ApekSika dRSTi se samajhanA hogaa| isakI upAdeyatA saMsArI jIvoM kI apekSA se hai, siddhoM kI apekSA se nhiiN| jaba taka jIva mohakarma ke adhIna hai taba taka kaSAya kI hAni rUpa vizuddhibhAva arthAt puNya usake lie upAdeya hai / saMsArI prANI ke lie kaSAya meM kamI AnA, bhAvoM meM vizuddhi AnA, AtmA kA pavitra honA kadApi heya nahIM ho sktaa| duHkha - mukti rUpa sAdhya ke lie puNya bhI eka sAdhana hai| isalie vaha upAdeya hai| yadi puNya tattva ko upAdeya nahIM mAnA jAe to sAdhanA kA mArga hI avaruddha ho jaayegaa| saMkleza se vizuddhi meM AnA sAdhanA kA aMga hai, jo puNya rUpa hI hai| jaina darzana meM puNya se upalabdha hone vAlI manuSyagati, paMcendriya jAti, audArika zarIra, vajra RSabhanArAca saMhanana, samacaturastra saMsthAna Adi puNya prakRtiyoM ke binA mokSa svIkAra nahIM kiyA jAtA / ata: inakI prApti ke lie bhI puNya tattva kI upAdeyatA asaMdigdha hai| puNya ke heya mAnane kA eka pariNAma yaha bhI huA ki dayA, anukampA, karuNA, sahAnubhUti jaise sadaguNoM ko bhI puNya kA kAraNa mAnakara heya samajhA jAne lagA, jisase ina guNoM kA mahattva hI samApta ho gayA / pApa heya hai, puNya nahIM / prazasta yoga ko puNya evaM aprazasta yoga ko pApa kahA jAtA hai| isa prazasta yoga ko uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM jJAnAvaraNAdi ghAtI karmoM ko kSaya karane vAlA batAyA gayA hai- 'pasatthajogapaDivanne ya NaM aNagAre aNaMtaghAipajjave khavei / ' (uttarA0 29 7 ) azubha se nivRtti evaM zubha meM pravRtti ko cAritra kA lakSaNa batAyA gayA hai- 'asuhAdo viNivittiM, suhe pavittiM ca jANa cArittaM / ' asaMyama ghAtaka hai, isalie use chor3ane evaM saMyama meM pravRtti karane ke lie Agama spaSTa rUpa se pratipAdita karatA hai eo viraiM kujjA, egao ya pavattaNaM / asaMjame niyattiM ca, saMjame ya pavattaNaM / / * uttarA0 31.2 puNya evaM pApa tattva kI gaNanA nau tattvoM meM hotI hai| nau tattvoM kA pratipAdana sthAnAMga (navama sthAna), uttarAdhyayana ( 28. 14), paMcAstikAya (gAthA 108) evaM gommaTasAra jIvakANDa (gAthA 629) meM spaSTarUpeNa huA hai / kintu umAsvAti ne pApa evaM puNya kA samAveza Asrava tattva meM karake sAta hI tattvoM kA pratipAdana jaitattva sA [58]

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kiyA hai| isase unake na cAhate hae bhI puNya evaM pApa tattvoM ke sambandha meM aneka bhrAntiyA~ utpanna ho gii| yathA-puNya ko bhI pApa kI bhAMti heya mAna liyA gyaa| AcArya kunda-kunda ne pApa ko lohe kI ber3I kahA to puNya ko sone kI bedd'ii| isa prakAra puNya ko bhI pApa kI bhA~ti mukti meM bAdhaka samajhA gyaa| pustaka ke lekhaka ne yaha siddha karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai ki puNya ko pApa kI bhA~ti heya kI zreNi meM nahIM rakhA jA sakatA hai| lekhaka kA yaha mantavya hai ki jisa prakAra mokSa kI sAdhanA meM saMvara evaM nirjarA upayogI hai, usI prakAra puNya bhI upayogI hai / lekhaka ne puNya ko tattva ko rUpa meM bhI nirUpita kiyA hai to karma ke rUpa meM bhii| puNya tattva ko ve sAdhanA kI dRSTi se upayogI mAnate haiM to puNya karma ke utkRSTa anubhAga ko kevalajJAna ke prakaTIkaraNa meM bhI Avazyaka mAnate haiN| puNya karma kI prakRtiyA~ aghAtI hotI haiM, ataH inase jIva ke jJAna, darzana Adi AtmA ke kisI bhI guNa kA aMza mAtra bhI ghAta nahIM ho sktaa| puNya ko lekhaka ne sarvArthasiddhi meM prApta lakSaNa 'punAtyAtmAnaM pUyate'neneti vA' ke anusAra AtmA ko pavitra karane vAlA svIkAra kiyA hai| isa sambandha meM unhoMne prajJApanA sUtra, dhavalA TIkA evaM karmagranthoM meM prayukta saMkleza evaM vizuddhi zabdoM ko bhI AdhAra banAyA hai| vidyamAna kaSAya meM hAni (kamI) honA vizuddhi hai evaM usameM vRddhi honA saMkleza hai| vizuddhi kI avasthA meM AtmA meM pavitratA AtI hai tathA saMkleza kI avasthA meM AtmA kA patana hotA hai| ataH zrI loDhA sA0 ne vizuddhi ko puNya evaM saMkleza ko pApa kahA hai| 'kaSAya kI mandatA puNya hai, evaM manda kaSAya pApa hai' nAmaka lekha meM lekhaka ne spaSTa kiyA hai ki vidyamAna kaSAyoM meM kamI honA jahA~ puNya hai, vahA~ avaziSTa rahe kaSAya to pApa rUpa hI hote haiN| ___ pApa tyAtya hai, puNya nahIM, isa tathya kI puSTi AgamoM ke una vAkyoM se hotI hai, jinameM sarvatra pApa ko hI tyAjya nirUpita kiyA gayA hai| sarvatra pApa karmoM ko kSaya karane ko saMketa kiyA gayA hai, puNya karmoM ke kSaya kA kahIM koI ullekha nahIM hai| tavasA dhuNai purANapAvagaM' (dazavai0 9.4.4) 'saMvareNa kAyagutte puNo pAvAsavanirohaM karei' (uttarA0 29.55) Adi vAkyoM meM pApa karmoM ke Asravanirodha yA unake kSaya karane kA hI saMketa prApta hotA hai, puNya karmoM ke Asava-nirodha evaM unake kSaya kA nhiiN| puNya-pApa tattva [59]

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'tattvajJAna aura puNya-pApa' prakaraNa meM lekhaka ne pratipAdita kiyA hai ki Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA Adi tattvoM kA AdhAra pApa karma hai, puNya nhiiN| jaba Asrava tyAjya hotA hai to puNya kA Asrava tyAjya nahIM hotA, pApa kA hI Asrava tyAjya hotA hai| saMvara bhI pApa pravRtti yA sAvadha pravRtti kA hI kiyA jAtA hai, zubha pravRtti kA nhiiN| isI prakAra sAdhanA ke dvArA nirjarA bhI pApa karmoM kI hI kI jAtI hai, puNya karmoM kI nhiiN| puNya karma aghAtI hote haiM, ataH ve lezamAtra bhI AtmaguNoM ko hAni nahIM phuNcaate| lekhaka kA to 'karma siddhAnta aura puNya-pApa' prakaraNa meM yaha bhI mantavya hai ki aghAtI karma kI pApa prakRtiyoM se bhI jIva ke kisI guNa kA ghAta nahIM hotA hai taba puNya prakRtiyoM ko jIva ke lie ghAtaka yA heya mAnanA nitAnta bhrAnti hai| isa prakaraNa meM puNya-prakRtiyoM ke sambandha meM vizeSa sUcanAe~ dI gaI haiM, yathA (1) jaba taka puNya karma-prakRtiyoM ko dvisthAnika anubhAga bar3hakara catuHsthAnika nahIM hotA hai taba taka samyagdarzana nahIM hotA hai aura yaha catuHsthAnika anubhAga bar3hakara utkRSTa nahIM hotA hai taba taka kevalajJAna nahIM hotA hai| (pRSTa 39) (2) devadvika paMcendriya jAti Adi 32 puNya prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga bandha usI bhava meM mukti prApta karane vAle jIva hI karate haiN| (pRSTha 38) (3) caudahaveM ayogI guNasthAna ke dvicarama samaya taka cAroM aghAtI karmo kI 85 puNya-pApa prakRtiyoM kI sattA rahane para bhI kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana Adi kSAyika labdhiyA~ prakaTa hone meM bAdhA upasthita nahIM hotii| (pRSTha 44) (4) manuSyagati, paMcendriyajAti, subhaga, Adeya, yazakIrti Adi puNyaprakRtiyoM ke udaya kI avasthA meM hI sAdhutva (mahAvrata) tathA vItarAgatA kI sAdhanA evaM kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana kI utpatti sambhava hai| (5) cAro aghAtI karmoM kI manuSyAyu, uccagotra, manuSyagati, yazakIrti Adi 12 puNya prakRtiyoM kA udaya caudahaveM guNasthAna meM mukti-prApti ke antima samaya taka rahatA hai| (pRSTha 41) puNya-pApa kA sambandha anubhAga bandha se hai| jaba pariNAmoM meM vizuddhi hotI hai to puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai tathA pApa prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga meM kamI hotI haiN| isase puNya evaM pApa ke paraspara virodhI hone ko bodha hotA hai| [60] jainatattva sAra

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eka vizeSa bAta yaha hai ki puNya evaM pApa donoM karmoM kA sthiti bandha kaSAya se hotA hai| ata: pariNAmoM meM vizuddhi hone para donoM kI sthiti kA apavartana (hrAsa) hotA hai / vizuddhabhAva hone para pUrvabaddha pApa prakRtiyoM kA puNya prakRtiyoM meM saMkramaNa hotA hai, pApasrava kA kathaMcit saMvara hotA hai, Adi tathyoM ko nirupaNa 'puNya-pApa kA pariNAma' lekha meM kiyA gayA hai| eka vizeSa bAta yaha kahI gaI hai ki puNya ke anubhAga meM vRddhi sthitibandha ke kSaya meM hetu hotI hai / 'puNya kA upArjana kaSAya kI kamI se aura pApa kA upArjana kaSAya ke udaya se' prakaraNa meM puNyopArjana evaM pApopArjana kI vistRta carcA karane ke sAtha yaha pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai ki ( 1 ) krodha kaSAya ke kSaya (kamI) se sAtAvedanIya (2) mAna kaSAya ke kSaya se uccagotra ( 3 ) mAyA kaSAya ke kSaya se zubha nAmakarma aura (4) lobha kaSAya meM kamI hone se zubha Ayu karma kA upArjana hotA hai| isake viparIta ina cAroM kaSAyoM meM vRddhi se kramaza: (1) asAtA vedanIya (2) nIcagotra (3) azubha nAmakarma aura (4) azubha Ayu kA bandha hotA hai / jitanA puNya bar3hatA hai arthAt vizuddhibhAva bar3hatA hai utanA hI pApa karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai / kSAyopazamika, aupazamika evaM kSAyikabhAva zubhabhAva haiM / inase karmoM kA bandha nahIM hotA hai / karmoM kA baMdha audayikabhAva se hI hotA hai| isa prakAra kA pratipAdana 'puNya-pApa kI utpatti - vRddhi kSaya kI prakriyA meM kiyA gayA hai| lekhaka kA yaha sudRr3ha mantavya hai ki mukti meM puNya sahAyaka hai evaM pApa bAdhaka hai / puNya AtmA ko pavitra karatA hai, baddha karmoM kI sthiti kA apakarSaNa karatA hai, isalie vaha mukti meM sahAyaka hai, jabaki pApa karma vizeSataH ghAtI karma mukti meM bAdhaka hai| lekhaka kA yaha bhI kathana hai ki puNya ke anubhAga kA kSaya kisI bhI prakAra kI sAdhanA se sambhava nahIM hai / puNya aura pApa kI caukar3I ke antargata zrI loDhA sA0 ne asAtAvedanIya ke udaya meM saMkleza bhAvoM se hone vAle karmabandha ko pApAnubandhI pApa batAyA hai unhoMne dhavalA TIkA ke AdhAra para sAtAvedanIya ke udaya meM saMkleza bhAvoM se hone vAle karmabandha ko pApAnubandhI puNya evaM vizuddhibhAvoM se hone vAle karmabandha ko puNyAnubandhI puNya batAyA hai| puNya-pApa tattva [61]

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puNya zubhayoga rUpa hotA hai| jayadhavala TIkA meM kahA gayA hai ki yadi zubha evaM zuddha pariNamoM se karmoM kA kSaya na mAnA jAya to phira karmoM ko kSaya ho hI nahIM sakatA - 'suha-suddhapariNAmehiM kammakkhayAbhAve takkhayANuvavattIdo' (jayadhavala pustaka, pRSTha 5) isI grantha meM anukampA evaM zuddha upayoga ko puNyAsava kA evaM adayA aura azuddha upayoga ko pApAsrava kA kAraNa kahA hai| anukampA se puNyAsrava bhI hotA hai to karmakSaya bhI hotA hai, kyoMki puNyAsava vizuddhibhAva se hotA hai evaM vizuddhibhAva karmakSaya kA bhI hetu hai| puNya ko lekhaka ne dharma ke rUpa meM pratipAdita karate hue kahA hai ki vizuddhibhAva rUpa puNya athavA sad pravRttirUpa puNya dharma hai| sakArAtmaka ahiMsA ko bhI ve dharma evaM puNya ke rUpa meM pratipAdita karate haiN| 'kSayopazamAdi bhAva, puNya aura dharma' meM kSAyopazamika, kSAyika aura aupazamikabhAva ko mokSa kA hetu hone se dharma evaM puNya ke rUpa meM nirUpita kiyA gayA hai| puNya tattva ko Atma-vikAsa kA aura puNya karma ko bhautika vikAsa kA sUcaka batAte hue loDhA sA0 ne pratipAdita kiyA hai ki puNyatattva kA sambandha Atma-guNoM ke prakaTa hone se hai, jo AdhyAtmika vikAsa ko dyotita karatA hai tathA puNya karma kA sambandha puNya tattva ke phala rUpa meM milane vAle indriya, gati Adi sAmagrI evaM sAmarthya kI upalabdhi se hai jo bhautika vikAsa ko iMgita karatA hai| AdhyAtmika vikAsa evaM bhautika vikAsa meM ghaniSTha sambandha hai| saMsArI avasthA meM prANI kA jitanA AdhyAtmika vikAsa hotA hai utanA hI usakA bhautika vikAsa svataH hotA jAtA hai| lekhaka ke anusAra sadguNoM kA honA hI sampannatA hai evaM durguNoM ko honA hI vipannatA hai| sadguNa rUpa sampannatA puNya kA evaM durguNa rUpa vipannatA pApa kA phala hai| __ kRti ke anta meM puNya-pApa viSayaka 118 jJAtavya tathya die gae haiM jo lekhaka ke vyApaka adhyayana evaM maulika cintana ko prastuta karane ke sAtha pAThaka ko naI dizA pradAna karate haiN| puNya-pApa tattva kA Agama evaM karma-siddhAnta ke Aloka meM kiyA gayA pratipAdana maulika-cintana evaM tArkika kauzala se paripUrNa hai| paM0 zrI loDhA sA0 Agama evaM karmasiddhAnta ke vizeSajJa hone ke sAtha prakhara samIkSaka evaM sAdhaka bhI haiN| unhoMne Atmika-vikAsa krama ke AdhAra para puNya tattva evaM puNya karma donoM kI upayogitA siddha kI hai| [62] jainatattva sAra

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pro. sAgaramala jaina ne vidvattApUrNa bhUmikA likhakara jahA~ isa kRti ko sugama banAyA hai vahA~ isake mahattva kA bhI pratipAdana kiyA hai| pro. jaina kA yaha spaSTa mantavya hai ki puNya na bandhanakArI hai aura na heya, apitu usake sAtha rahA huA kaSAya, mamatva, Asakti yA phalAkAMkSA bandhanakArI hai, jo tyAjya hai| AzA hai vidvadvarya paM. kanhaiyAlAlajI lor3hA kI yaha kRti sabhI jaina sampradAyoM meM adhyayana kA viSaya banegI evaM isase vicAroM ko naI dizA milegii| puNya-pApa tattva [63]

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Asrava-saMvara tattva Asrava-saMvara tattva kA svarUpa aura vivecana Asrava-jisase karma Ave, use Asrava kahate haiM / jisa prakAra tAlAba meM jala Ane kA mArga yA nAlI Asrava kahalAtI hai, isI prakAra karma, mana-vacana-kAyA ke yoga dvArA Ate haiN| isaliye yogoM ko Asrava kahA gayA hai / yathA kAyavAG - manaH karma yogaH / sa AsravaH / tattvArtha sUtra a. 6 sUtra 1-2 arthAt kAya, vacana aura mana kI kriyA ( pravRtti) yoga hai| vaha (yoga hI) Asrava hai| mana-vacana-kAyA kI pravRtti se Atma-pradezoM meM spaMdana hotA hai| yaha spaMdana hI Asrava hai| Atma-pradezoM meM spaMdana hone se vahA~ sthita AkAza se karmavarNaNAe~ AkarSita hotI haiM aura unakA AtmA se saMyoga ho jAtA hai, ve jur3a jAtI haiM / isa jor3a ko yoga va Asrava kahA jAtA hai| Astrava do prakAra kA hai - [64] 'zubhaH puNyasya / azubhaH pApasya / ' tattvArtha sUtra a. 6 sUtra 3-4 artha- Asrava do prakAra ke haiM - (1) puNyAsrava aura (2) pApAsrava / zubha yoga puNya kA Asrava hai aura azubha yoga pApa kA Asrava hai| jaitattva

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zubha-azubha AmravoM ke lakSaNa 'tatra kAyiko hiMsA'nRta-steyAbrahmacaryAdiSu prvRtti-nivRttisNjnyH| vAcikaH paruSAkrozapizunaparopaghAtAdiSu vacassu prvRtti-nivRttisNjnyH|maanso mithyAzrutyabhighAteAsUyAdiSu manasaH prvRtti-nivRttisNjnyH|' tattvArthasUtra, 6-7 rAjavArtika TIkA arthAt hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla Adi meM pravRtti azubha kAyAsrava hai tathA nivRtti zubha kAyAsrava hai| kaThora zabda, gAlI, cugalI Adi para ko AghAta pahu~cAne vAle vacanoM kI pravRtti vacana kA azubhAsrava hai aura inase nivRtti vacana kA zubhAsrava hai| mithyAzruti, IrSyA, mAtsarya, SaDyantra Adi mana kI duSpravRtti mana kA azubhAsrava hai aura ina duSpravRttyioM se nivRtti mana kA zubhAsrava hai| Azaya yaha hai ki azubha-yoga (pApa pravRttiyA~) azubhAsrava (pApAsava) kA hetu hai aura zubha yoga (pApa pravRttiyoM kI nivRtti-nirodha) zubhAsrava (puNyAsrava) kA hetu hai aura pApAnava kA nirodha hI saMvara bhI hai| ataH jahA~ zubhAsrava - zubha yoga hai vahA~ saMvara hai| saMkSepa meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki prANAtipAta, mRSAvAda Adi aThAraha pApa-pravRttiyA~ pApAsava kI hetu aura inakI nivRtti-nirodha (saMvaraNa) puNyAsava kA hetu hai| vrata yA saMyama dhAraNa karanA saMvara kA samanvita yA kriyAtmaka rUpa hai| saMyama meM samyaktva, viSaya-kaSAya se virakti, zubhatA, sajagatA Adi samanvita haiM, ataH saMyama saMvara kA dyotaka hai| prakArAntara se Asrava aura saMvara ke bIsa-bIsa bheda bhI prasiddha haiM, ve isa prakAra haiMAsrava ke bIsa bheda (1 se 5) pA~ca Asrava- mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga, (6 se 10) pA~ca avirati- hiMsA, asatya, corI, abrahma aura parigraha, (11 se 15) pA~ca indriyoM kA asaMyama - zrotrendriya, cakSurindriya, ghrANendriya, rasanendriya aura sparzanendriya, inakA saMyama na rakhanA, (16 se 18) tIna yoga- mana, vacana, kAya yoga kI azubha pravRtti, 19 - bhANDa, upakaraNa Adi ayatanA se uThAnA - rakhanA, aura 20 - sUcIkuzAgra (suI - dUba kI noka jitanI laghu) vastu mAtra kA ayatanA se lenA aura rkhnaa| Asava-saMvara tattva [65]

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Asrava ke 42 bheda Asrava tattva ke bayAlIsa bheda isa prakAra haiM, yathAiMdiya kasAya avvaya jogA, paMca cau cau paMca tinni kmaa| kiriyAo paNavIsaM, imAu tAo annukkmso|| artha- pA~ca indriya, cAra kaSAya, pA~ca avrata, tIna yoga aura paccIsa kriyAe~ ye Asrava ke bayAlIsa bheda haiN| indriyA~ pA~ca haiM- (1) sparzana, (2) rasanA, (3) ghrANa (4) cakSu aura (5) zrotra / yahA~ indriyoM se abhiprAya indriyoM ke viSayoM ke bhoga se hai| indriyaviSayoM meM rAga, dveSa rUpa pravRtti hI Asrava hai| kaSAya cAra hai- (1) krodha (2) mAna, (3) mAyA aura (4) lobh| inake kAraNa se hone vAlA Asrava 4 prakAra kA hai| avrata pA~ca haiM- (1) hiMsA, (2) jhUTha, (3) corI, (4) maithuna aura (5) prigrh| ina pApa pravRttiyoM se hone vAlA Asrava 5 prakAra kA hai| yoga tIna hai- (1) mana yoga, (2) vacana yoga aura (3) kAya yog| ina tInoM kI azubha pravRtti azubha yoga se hone vAlA Asrava 3 prakAra kA hai| kriyAeM paccIsa haiM - inake nAma evaM saMkSipta paricaya isa prakAra hai (1) kAyikI kriyA, (2) AdhikaraNikI kriyA, (3) prAdoSikI kriyA, (4) pAritApanikI kriyA, (5) prANAtipAtikI kriyA, (6) ArambhikI kriyA, (7) pArigrahikI kriyA, (8) mAyA pratyayikI kriyA, (9) mithyAdarzana pratyayikI kriyA, (10) apratyAkhyAnikI kriyA, (11) dRSTikI kriyA, (12) spRSTikI kriyA, (13) prAtyayikI kriyA, (14) samantanupAtikI kriyA, (15) naizastrikI kriyA, (16) svahastakI kriyA, (17) vaidAraNikI kriyA, (18) AjJAvyApAdikI kriyA, (19) anAbhoga kriyA, (20) anavakAMkSA pratyayikI kriyA, (21) prAyogikI kriyA, (22) samAdAnikI kriyA, (23) premikI kriyA, (24) dveSikI kriyA, (25) IryApathikI kriyaa| saMvara ke bIsa bheda (1 se 5) pA~ca saMvara - samyaktva, virati, apramAda, akaSAya aura zubha yoga (6 se 10) pA~ca virati- ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha (11 se [66] jainatattva sAra

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15) pA~ca indriyoM kA saMyama - zrotendriya, cakSurindriya, ghrANendriya, rasanendriya aura sparzanendriya kA saMyama (16 se 18) tIna zubha yoga - mana, vacana aura kAya kI zubha pravRtti, (19) bhANDa, upakaraNa Adi yatanA se uThAnA va rakhanA, (20) sucIkuzAgra arthAt choTI se choTI vastu ko yatanA se lenA aura rakhanA saMvara hai| saMvara ke 57 bheda samiI guttI parIsaha jaidhammo bhAvaNA critaanni| paNa-ti-duvIsa-dasa-bAra paMca bheehiM sgvnnaa|| artha - pAMca samiti, tIna gupti, bAIsa parISaha, daza yatidharma, bAraha bhAvanA aura pA~ca cAritra ye saMvara ke sattAvana bheda haiN| pA~ca samiti sAdhanA kA kriyAtmaka rUpa hai- samiti-gapti kA pAlana krnaa| bhagavAna ne bhagavatI sUtra zataka 25 uddezaka 6 evaM 7 meM pharamAyA ki sAdhaka ATha pravacana mAtA (pAMca samiti-tIna gupti) kA jaghanya jJAna kA ArAdhaka sAdhaka bhI kevalajJAnakevaladarzana prApta kara letA hai| gRhatyAgI sAdhaka ko calane, phirane, uThane, baiThane, khar3e rahane, khAne, pIne, bolane Adi kI pravRtti karanA hotA hai| ataH aisI pravRtti sAdhaka isa prakAra karanI cAhie ki jisase pApa karma kA baMdha nahIM ho arthAt yatanApUrvaka kalyANakArI pravRtti karanA samiti hai| kahA bhI hai: jayaM, jayaM ciTTha, jayamAse jayaM se| jayaM bhuMjato bhAsaMto pAvakammaM na bNdhi||7|| - dazavaikAlika a.4 arthAt - sAdhaka yatanApUrvaka cale, yatanApUrvaka khar3e rahe, yatanApUrvaka baiThe, yatanApUrvaka soye, yatanApUrvaka bhojana karatA huA, yatanApUrvaka bolatA huA sAdhaka pApakarma kA baMdha nahIM karatA hai arthAt sAdhaka kI saha pravRttiyA~ samiti kahI gaI haiM, ye pAMca haiM, yathAH pA~ca samitiyA~- sAdhaka kI sad pravRttiyA~ samiti kahI jAtI haiM, ye pA~ca haiM, yathA - Asrava-saMvara tattva [67]

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(1) IryAsamiti- kisI bhI jantu ko keza na ho, isalie sAvadhAnIpUrvaka clnaa| (2) bhASA samiti- satya, hitakArI, parimita aura saMdeha rahita vacana bolnaa| (3) eSaNA samiti - jIvana yAtrA meM Avazyaka nirdoSa sAdhanoM ko juTAne ke lie sAvadhAnIpUrvaka pravRtti krnaa| (4)AdAna-nikSepaNa samiti- vastu mAtra ko bhalIbhA~ti dekhakara, pramArjita karake uThAnA yA rkhnaa| (5) utsarga samiti- zarIra ke mala-mUtra Adi anupayogI vastuoM kA visarjana jIvarahita sthAna meM dekhabhAla kara evaM parimArjita karake krnaa| arthAt sAdhaka calanA-phiranA, bolanA, bhojana karanA Adi jo bhI pravRtti kare, vaha vivekapUrvaka evaM sajagatA se kre| tIna gupti samyagyogAnigraho guptiH - (tattvArtha sUtra 84) kAyika, vAcika aura mAnasika kriyA rUpa yoga kA sabhI prakAra se nigraha karanA azubha pravRttiyoM ko rokanA gupti hai| guptiyA~ tIna haiM, yathA tIna guptiyA~- mana, vacana aura kAyA ko azubha pravRttiyoM se rokanA gupti hai| ye tIna haiM (1) manogupti- mana ko azubha saMkalpoM, vicAroM va duzcitana se rahita rkhnaa| (2) vacana gupti - vacana kA duSprayoga na karanA athavA mauna dhAraNa krnaa| (3) kAyAgupti- zarIra kI pravRttiyoM kA niyamana tathA nizcalana krnaa| samiti meM sakriyA ke pravartana kI mukhyatA hai aura gupti meM asakriyA ke niSedha kI mukhyatA hai| sArAMza yaha hai ki 'asaMjame niyatti ca, saMjame ya pavattaNaM' -- uttarAdhyayana 31.2 arthAt asaMyama meM nivRtti evaM saMyama meM pravRtti karanA hI cAritra hai| [68] jainatattva sAra

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bAIsa parISaha - saMyama-mArga se cyuta na honA evaM kamoM ke kSaya ke lie Atma-sAdhanA meM utpanna huI bAdhAoM ko samabhAvapUrvaka sahana karanA parISaha-jaya hai| saMyama meM utpanna ina bAdhAoM ko parISaha kahA hai| isake bAIsa bheda haiM (1) kSudhA, (2) pipAsA, (3) zIta (4) uSNa, (5) daMzamazaka, (6) nagnatA, (7) arati, (8) strI, (9) caryA, (10) niSadyA, (11) zayyA, (12) Akroza, (13) vadha, (14) yAcanA, (15) alAbha, (16) roga, (17) tRNasparza, (18) mala, (19) satkAra-puraskAra, (20) prajJA, (21) ajJAna aura (22) adrshn| daza yatidharma- 'dharma' zabda 'dhR' dhAtu se banA hai| isakA artha hai jo dhAraNa kiyA jAtA hai| dhAraNa karane yogya svabhAva hI hotA hai| ataH svabhAva ko dhAraNa karanA, vibhAva ko miTAnA hI dharma hai| jaise-jaise vibhAva miTatA jAtA hai vaise-vaise doSa va du:kha miTate jAte haiM, nirdoSatA evaM prasannatA bar3hatI jAtI hai| yaha hI dharma kA svarUpa hai| sthAnAMga sUtra sthAna 10 meM dharma ke daza prakAra kahe haiMdasavihe samaNadhamme paNNatte jaM jahAkhaMtI muttI ajave maddave lAghave sacce saMjame tave ciyAe baMbhacera vaaye|| - ThANAMga daza dharma daza prakAra kA hai, yathA - (1) kSamA, (2) mArdava, (3) Arjava, (4) mukti, (5) tapa, (6) saMyama, (7) satya, (8) zauca, (9) akiMcanatva aura (10) brhmcry| (1)kSamA- sahanazIla rahanA arthAt krodha ke kAraNa upasthita hone para bhI udvignatA na ho, hRdaya zAnta rahe, krodha para viveka se vijaya pAnA, krodha na karanA kSamA hai| (2) mArdava - citta meM mRdutA tathA vyavahAra meM vinamratA honA mArdava guNa hai| jAti, kula, jJAna, tapa, lAbha, aizvarya Adi kisI kA garva va mada na honA, mAna na karanA mArdava hai| (3) Arjava - mana, vacana aura kAyA kI saralatA honA, inameM ekatA honA, niSkapaTa honA Arjava guNa hai arthAt mAyA ko jItanA, Arjava hai| Asrava-saMvara tattva [69]

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(4) mukti - samasta doSoM va baMdhanoM kA kAraNa viSaya-sukha kA pralobhana hai| lobha kA tyAga karanA, lobha na karanA mukti hai| (5) tapa - icchAoM kA nirodha karanA, doSoM va pApoM kA kSaya karanA, karmakSaya kI sAdhanA karanA tapa hai| isake anazanAdi bAraha bheda haiN| (6)saMyama - mana, vacana aura kAyA kI duSpravRttiyoM kA nigraha karanA saMyama hai| pA~ca indriyoM kA nigraha, pA~ca hiMsAdi avrata kA niSedha, cAra kaSAyoM para vijaya aura tIna azubha yogoM kI nivRtti ye 17 prakAra ke saMyama haiN| (7) satya - asatya ko tyAganA aura satya kA AcaraNa karanA, hita-mitapriya bolanA satya hai| (8) zauca - mana, vacana, kAyA kI pravRtti ko pavitra rakhanA zauca hai| (9) akiMcanatva - kisI bhI vastu meM mamatva buddhi na rakhanA, parigraha rahita honA akiMcanatva hai| (10) brahmacarya - abrahma kA tyAga karanA, kAma-bhoga se virati honA, AtmA meM ramaNa karanA brahmacarya hai| bAraha bhAvanAe~ - jisakA mana se bAra-bAra ciMtana kiyA jAve, vaha bhAvanA hai| bhAvanA bAraha haiM - (1) anitya, (2) azaraNa, (3) saMsAra, (4) ekatva, (5) anyatva, (6) azuci, (7) Asrava, (8) saMvara, (9) nirjarA, (10) loka, (11) bodhi durlabha aura (12) dharma bhaavnaa| saMkSipta paricaya isa prakAra hai - (1) anitya bhAvanA - indriyoM ke viSaya, dhana-yauvana aura zarIrAdi sabhI anitya haiM, isa prakAra cintana karanA anitya bhAvanA hai| isase Asakti miTatI hai aura virakti utpanna hotI hai| (2) azaraNa bhAvanA - dhana-vaibhava, jJAtijana Adi saMsAra meM koI bhI zaraNadAtA (rakSaka) nahIM hai| mRtyu, bImArI Adi se koI bhI rakSA nahIM kara sktaa| aisA cintana karanA azaraNa bhAvanA hai| isase svAlambana AtA hai| (3) saMsAra bhAvanA - yaha caturgatika saMsAra du:kha se bharA hai| isa saMpUrNa saMsAra ke sabhI prANI du:khI haiM, kahIM bhI sukha nahIM hai| isa prakAra bAra-bAra cintana karanA, saMsAra bhAvanA hai| isa cintana se vyakti kI sAMsArika sukhoM ke prati Asakti miTatI hai| [70] jainatattva sAra

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(4) ekatva bhAvanA merI AtmA akelI hai, sabhI saMyoga viyoga meM badalane vAle haiN| isa bhAvanA se Atma- pratIti dRr3ha hotI hai / ( 5 ) anyatva bhAvanA - zarIra, kuTumba, jAti, dhana-vaibhava Adi se maiM alaga hU~, ye mere nahIM haiM, mai inakA nahIM hU~ aisI bhAvanA karanA / isa prakAra kI bhAvanA karane se bheda vijJAna dRr3ha hotA hai / (6) azuci bhAvanA yaha zarIra azucimaya hai, rakta Adi nindya aura ghRNAspada vastuoM se bharA hai, isakI utpatti bhI ghRNita padArthoM se huI hai, isa prakAra kA cintana karanA / isase zarIra ke prati mamatva kSINa hotA hai / - (7) Asrava bhAvanA Asrava ke aniSTakArI va duHkhada pariNAmoM para cintana karanA / karmoM kA Agamana kina-kina kAraNoM se hotA hai, una para vicAra karake unake kaSTadAyI rUpa kA cintana karanA / isase asaMyama se aruci hotI hai / (8) saMvara bhAvanA duHkhada pApAsravoM ko rokane - nirodha karane kA evaM samyaktva prApti Adi upAyoM kA cintana karanA / isase saMyama kI ruci jAgRta hotI hai| - ( 9 ) nirjarA bhAvanA - karmoM ko kSaya karane ke upAyoM kA, unake svarUpa kA bAra-bAra anucintana karanA / isase tapa karane kA sAmarthya AtA hai| (10) loka-svarUpa bhAvanA tattva- jJAna kI vizuddhi ke lie vizva ke vAstavika svarUpa kA bAra-bAra ciMtana karanA / isase lokAtIta hone kI, loka se sambandha tor3ane kI bhAvanA jAgRta hotI hai| (11) bodhi- durlabha bhAvanA samyak jJAna, samyak darzana aura samyak cAritra ina ratnatraya rUpa bodhi kI prApti jIva ko durlabha hai, isa prakAra bAra-bAra vicAra karanA / isase saMvega jAgRta hotA hai| - (12) dharma - bhAvanA - zrutadharma, cAritradharma Adi kA athavA ratnatraya rUpa dharma kA bAra-bAra citaMna karanA / isase vibhAva se virakti tathA svabhAva meM anurakti hotI hai| cAritra pA~ca haiM: : uttarAdhyayana sUtra adhyayana 28 gAthA 32-33 meM pAMca cAritra kahe haiM : (1) sAmAyika cAritra prANAtipAta Adi pApa rUpa sAvadya yogoM ( pravRttiyoM) kA tyAga karanA, samabhAva meM rahanA sAmAyika cAritra hai / Asrava - saMvara tattva [71]

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(2) chedopasthApanIya cAritra - prathama dIkSA lene ke pazcAt, vizeSa zuddhi ke lie doSoM kA chedana kara punaH dIkSA lenA, jise bar3I dIkSA lenA kahate haiM, chedopasthAnIya cAritra hai| (3) parihAra vizuddhi cAritra - vizeSa prakAra ke tapa pradhAna AcAra pAlana karanA, parihAra vizuddhi cAritra hai| (4) sUkSma samparAya cAritra - jisameM anya saba kaSAyoM ke udaya kA viccheda hokara kevala saMjvalana lobha rUpa sUkSma kaSAya kA udaya rahatA hai, vaha sUkSma saMparAya cAritra hai| (5) yathAkhyAta cAritra - sarvakaSAyoM ke udayarahita apane zuddha svarUpa kA anubhava karanA yathAkhyAta cAritra hai| cAritra kA AdhAra virati hai| virati kA artha hai- indriyoM ke viSayoM meM ratiarati na karanA arthAt pA~ca indriyoM ke tevIsa viSayoM kI anukUlatA-pratikUlatA ke prati rati-arati (rAga-dveSa) na karanA virati hai, ise hI vairAgya kahA hai| AtmanirIkSaNa dvArA ina vikAroM ko duHkhada anubhava kara inakI punarAvRtti na karane kA dRr3ha saMkalpa lene rUpa vrata grahaNa karanA, doSoM ko tyAgane kA vrata lenaa| doSoM ramaNa karane rUpa AcaraNa hI karma-baMdha (saMskAra-aMkita) hone kA kAraNa hai| ataH karma-baMdha se mukta hone kA upAya hai- viSayoM se viramaNa karanA- viSayoM meM ramaNatA kA tyAga krnaa| mukhya kriyAtmaka pravRtti rUpa doSa pA~ca haiM- 1. prANAtipAta, 2. mRSAvAda, 3. adattAdAna, 4. maithuna aura 5. parigraha / ina doSoM se viramaNa kA dRr3ha saMkalpa lenA hI vrata hai, yathA: 1. prANAtipAta viramaNa, 2. mRSAvAda viramaNa, 3. adattAdAna viramaNa, 4. maithuna viramaNa aura 5. parigraha virmnn| ye viramaNa yA virati rUpa vrata do prakAra ke haiM- 1. dezavirati rUpa aNuvrata aura 2. sarvAMza meM viratirUpa mhaavrt| mahAvrata meM prANAtipAta viramaNa Adi doSoM kA mana, vacana aura kAyA se karane, karAne evaM anumodana karane kA sarvathA, sarvadA (AjIvana) tyAga karanA hotA hai| aise mahAvratadhArI zramaNa kahalAte haiN| ye gRhatyAgI hote haiN| jo sAdhaka gRhatyAga kara mahAvrata dhAraNa karane rUpa utkRSTa tyAga nahIM kara skte| aise gRhastha sAdhaka ahiMsA Adi pAMca vratoM ko maryAdita rUpa meM svIkAra karatA hai, ye pAMca aNuvrata kahe gae haiM, vaha gRhastha aNuvratadhArI zrAvaka kahA jAtA [72] jainatattva sAra

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hai| dizA meM jAne kI maryAdA (sImita) karanA, bhoga-paribhoga ko sImita karanA evaM anartha daMDa kA tyAga karanA, ina tInoM kA AjIvana vrata lenA tIna guNa vrata kahe gaye haiN| AdhyAtmika pragati meM sahAyaka cAra zikSA vrata haiM- 1. sAmAyika, 2 dezavrata, 3. poSadha evaM 4. atithi saMvibhAga ye zrAvaka ke bAraha vrata haiN| darzanaguNa evaM samyagdarzana satya kA sAkSAtkAra honA samyagdarzana hai| samyagdarzana kI upalabdhi svAnubhava se hotI hai, kevala cintana yA jJAna se nhiiN| jIva-ajIva, jar3a-cetana bhinnabhinna haiM, yaha jJAna eka bAlaka se lekara nau pUrvadhara jJAnI ko bhI hotA hai| kauna bAlaka nahIM jAnatA hai ki kalama, kAgaja, kamIja, kamarA, kitAba, kalaza Adi jar3a haiM aura maiM cetana jIva hU~ / isI prakAra nau pUrvadhArI mithyAtvI jIva bhI jo tattvoM ke jJAna ko khUba jAnatA hai, jIva-ajIva tattvoM para saikar3oM bhASaNa de sakatA hai va saikar3oM graMtha likha sakatA hai, parantu jIva-ajIva ke bheda va bhinnatA kA itanA jJAna hone para bhI use samyagdarzana ho, yaha Avazyaka nahIM hai| kAraNa ki isa bauddhika jJAna kA prabhAva bauddhika stara para hI hotA hai, AdhyAtmika stara para nhiiN| AdhyAtmika stara para prabhAva tabhI hotA hai, jaba sAdhaka antaryAtrA kara Antarika anubhUti ke stara para deha se apane ko alaga anubhava karatA hai jisase nija caitanya svarUpa kA darzana hotA hai| yahI samyagdarzana hai| kevala jIva-ajIva yA jar3a-cetana ko bhinna-bhinna jAna lene yA mAna lene se, aisA ciMtana karate rahane se yA apane ko aisA nirdeza dene (Atma-sammohana) mAtra se samyagdarzana honA saMbhava nahIM hai| ina sabase samyagdarzana ke lie preraNA mila sakatI hai, parantu samyagdarzana kI upalabdhi to tabhI saMbhava hai jaba sAdhaka aMtarmukhI hokara sva-saMvedana karatA hai tathA dehAtIta bana kara jar3a deha se bhinna apane caitanya svarUpa kA darzana karatA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki jar3a-cetana kI bhinnatA para cintana va carcA karake Atmanirdezana dekara apane ko bheda-vijJAnI va samyagdRSTi mAna lenA bhUla hai, apane Apako dhokhA denA hai| ataH aMtarmukhI hokara sva-saMvedana karate hue jaba taka dehAtIta cinmayacaitanya avasthA kI anubhUti na ho jAya, taba taka samyagdarzana prApti ke liye satata puruSArtha karate rahanA caahiye| vastutaH darzana anubhUti kA viSaya hai jJAna kA nhiiN| phira cAhe vaha darzana samyagdarzana rUpa ho athavA darzanAvaraNIya karma ke kSayopazama se prakaTa Asrava-saMvara tattva [73]

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darzana guNa rUpa ho| ye donoM hI darzana vikalpAtmaka jJAna ke viSaya na hokara nirvikalpa sva-saMvedana rUpa anubhava ke viSaya haiN| bheda-vijJAna se saMbaMdhita ciMtana va carcA antarmukhI banane meM sahAyaka hotI hai, parantu bheda-vijJAna kA anubhava to aMtarmukhI hone para nija svarUpa ke darzana se hI saMbhava hai| yahI anubhava samyagdarzana hai| darzanaguNa ke vikAsa se samyagdarzana yaha niyama hai ki jitanI-jitanI nirvikalpatA bar3hatI jAtI hai utanA-utanA darzana guNa kA vikAsa hotA jAtA hai arthAt cinmayatA kA , nija svarUpa kA anubhava (bodha) hotA jAtA hai| jitanA-jitanA nija svarUpa kA anubhava hotA jAtA hai tathA satya prakaTa hotA jAtA hai, utanA-utanA satya kA darzana (anubhava) hotA jAtA hai| satya ke darzana se, satya ke sAkSAtkAra se avinAzI caitanya nija svarUpa kA anubhava dehAtIta sthiti ke stara para ho jAtA hai| taba deha (jar3a) se cetana kI bhinnatA kA spaSTa anubhava yA darzana hotA hai| yahI graMthibheda hai, yahI bheda vijJAna hai, yahI samyagdarzana hai| ataH samyagdarzana ke lie darzana guNa (sva-saMvedana) kA vikAsa anivArya hai| darzana guNa kA vikAsa nirvikalpatA se hI saMbhava hai| nirvikalpatA vahIM saMbhava hai, jahA~ samabhAva hai arthAt Antarika sthiti yA anubhUti ke prati kartRtva-bhoktRtva bhAva na hokara kevala draSTAbhAva hai| ___ abhiprAya yaha hai ki samatva bhAva meM nirvikalpatA AtI hai| nirvikalpatA se sva- saMvedana, cinmaya-svarUpa 'darzana' guNa prakaTa hotA hai| darzana guNa se nija avinAzI cetana svarUpa AtmA deha se bhinna hai, isa satya kA anubhava hotA hai| yahI jar3a-cid granthi kA bhedana hai, yahI samyagdarzana hai| samyagdarzana se darzana-mohanIya karma kI mithyAtva mohanIya karma prakRti ke udaya kA abhAva ho jAtA hai| ataH darzana guNa darzana mohanIya karma ke kSaya yA upazama kA hetu hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki darzana guNa aura samyagdarzana meM ghaniSTha sambandha hai| isalie samyagdRSTi kA pratyeka AcaraNa darzana guNa ko prakaTa karane vAlI nirvikalpatA ko puSTa karane vAlA hotA hai| sArAMza yaha hai ki mana jitanA nirvikalpa hotA jAtA hai utanA darzana (cinmayatA) guNa prakaTa hotA jAtA hai utanA hI mana zAnta hotA jAtA hai| mana kI zAnta sthiti kA bhI eka rasa hai, yaha zAntarasa bhI darzana kA rasa hai| isa zAnta rasa meM ramaNa na karane se isake prati samatvabhAva banAye rakhane se, draSTA bane rahane se darzanAvaraNIya kA AvaraNa [74] jainatattva sAra

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aura haTatA hai, jisase granthi-bhedana kA pratyakSIkaraNa tathA Atma-sAkSAtkAra hotA hai| phalasvarUpa aMta:karaNa meM jIvana ke prati dRSTi badala jAtI hai arthAt 'viSaya bhoga hI jIvana hai' yaha mithyA mAnyatA (mithyAtva) bauddhika ciMtana stara para tathA AMtarika (caitanya ke) stara para miTa jAtI hai| yaha pratyakSa anubhava ho jAtA hai ki bhoga kA sukha, sukha nahIM hai, pratyuta uttejanA, AkulatA, parAdhInatA evaM jar3atA utpanna karane vAlA hone se duHkha rUpa hai| ataH bhoga jIvana nahIM hai| nirvikalpa evaM nirvikAra hone para jo nija-rasa AtA hai vaha akSaya-akhaMDa evaM svAdhIna hotA hai| isa prakAra satya ke sAkSAtkAra ke AdhAra para bhoga ke sukha meM duHkha aura tyAga meM sukha anubhava karatA hai isa prakAra jIvana ke prati dRSTi badala jAnA hI samyagrzana hai| darzana hai nirvikalpa honA, aura nirvikalpa hone se citta zAnta hotA hai| zAntacitta meM, samatA bhare citta meM yathArthatA kA, cinmayatA kA anubhava hotA hai jo samyagdarzana hai aura isase viveka rUpa samyagjJAna prakaTa hotA hai| ___ isa dRSTi se darzanaguNa kA vikAsa hI samyagdarzana kI utpatti meM, darzanamoha ke kSaya meM hetu hai aura samyagdarzana 'samyagjJAna' kI utpatti meM hetu hotA hai| samyagdarzana va samyagjJAna ke anurUpa AcaraNa samyak cAritra hai, jisakA phala mukti ke rUpa meM prakaTa hotA hai| ___ darzanopayoga (nirvikalpatA) samyak darzana kI upalabdhi meM tathA darzanamoha ke kSaya meM sahAyaka hotA hai| samyagdarzana samyagjJAna meM sahAyaka hotA hai| samyagdarzanasamyagjJAna ke anurUpa AcaraNa karane (cAritra pAlana) se darzana va jJAna guNa ke AvaraNa kA kSaya hotA hai, jisase darzana va jJAna guNa prakaTa hote hai| isa prakAra darzanopayoga va darzana mohanIya ke kSaya karane meM sahAyaka hotA hai| isa prakAra darzanopayoga, samyagdarzana, darzanaguNa paraspara meM pUraka va sahAyaka haiN| Age jAkara, aMta meM pUrNa darzana, pUrNa jJAna athavA anaMtadarzana anaMta jJAna ke rUpa meM prakaTa hokara ye sAdhaka ke jIvana ke abhinna aMga bana jAte haiN| phira sAdhaka-sAdhanA-sAdhya eka rUpa hokara siddhatva ko prApta ho jAte haiN| siddhatva kI prApti meM hI jIvana kI siddhi hai, saphalatA hai, pUrNatA hai| samyak cAritra kA svarUpa evaM sAdhanA ke tIna rUpa vaha kriyA yA AcaraNa jisase lakSya yA sAdhya kI upalabdhi ho, use cAritra yA sAdhanA kahA jAtA hai| prANimAtra kA sAdhya hai mukti prApta karanA, du:khoM kA Asrava-saMvara tattva [75]

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Atyantika anta karanA va cirantana Ananda kI prApti krnaa| samasta duHkhoM kA mUla kAraNa hai parAdhInatA arthAt para kI adhInatA yA para kA baMdhana / ataH bandhanoM se mukti pAnA hI duHkhoM se mukti pAnA hai / yaha hI mokSa prApta karanA hai, yahI mukti prANI kA sAdhya hai 1 'cAritra' zabda 'car' dhAtu se banA hai| 'cara' kA artha hai calanA, gati karanA, caranA (khAnA), abhyAsa karanA, AcaraNa karanA, kriyA yA pravRtti karanA, vyavahAra karanA / AcaraNa do prakAra kA hotA hai :- sadAcaraNa aura durAcaraNa / athavA sadpravRttiduSpravRtti, sadAcaraNa yA sat AcaraNa vaha hai jo AcaraNa sat kI ora baDhAye, avinAzI ko prApta kraae| durAcaraNa yA duSpravRtti vaha hai jo asat jar3a yA nazvara pudgala kI ora bddhaaye| saMkSepa meM kaheM to jo pravRtti, abhyAsa, anuSThAna, kriyA, asat, nazvara, anitya kI ora prerita kare, baDhAye, saMsAra bhramaNa karAye, doSa utpanna kare, jisakA phala duHkha rUpa mile vaha duSpravRtti hai, doSa hai, pApa hai, akarttavya hai| isake viparIta jo pravRtti yA AcaraNa, anuSThAna, abhyAsa, puruSArtha sat-satya, avinAzI, amaratva kI ora baDhAye, jisakA phala zAMti, mukti (svAdhInatA) prIti (paramAnaMda kI prApti ho vaha saccAritra yA samyaka cAritra hai / yaha samyak jJAna kA kriyAnvayana hai| prakArAntara se kaheM to jisase mukti (mokSa) kI prApti ho, baMdhana se chuTakArA ho vaha samyak cAritra hai / bandha kA svarUpa : bandhana se mukta honA hI mukti hai| ataH sarvaprathama bandhana ke svarUpa ko samajhanA Avazyaka hai / vastuta: yaha bandhana bAharI na hokara hamArI hI kriyAoM va icchAoM se nirmita bandha hai, jise jaina darzana meM 'karmabandha' kahA hai| manovaijJAnikoM ke anusAra hama jo bhI kriyA, kArya yA vicAra kI pravRtti karate haiM usake prabhAva kA biMba, citra yA rUpa hamAre avacetana mana para aMkita ho jAtA hai| ise sAdhAraNa bhASA meM 'saMskAra par3anA' kahate haiM tathA jaina darzana meM 'karma bandha' honA kahA jAtA hai| hamArI pratyeka pravRtti ke anurUpa saMskAra kI saMracanA anavarata hotI rahatI hai tathA ina saMskAroM kA anta:karaNa meM saMcaya hotA rahatA hai, jo bhaviSya meM upayukta samaya Ane para evaM anukUla nimitta milane para udaya hokara prANI ko apanA pariNAma bhogane ke lie vivaza karate haiM / parAmanovijJAna ne prayogoM ke AdhAra para siddha kara [76] jaitattva sA

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diyA hai ki hamArI pratyeka paristhiti pUrva saMcita kisI na kisI saMskAra rUpa icchA va kArya kA hI pariNAma hotI hai| saMskAra saMracanA ke uparyukta rUpa ko jaina darzana kI bhASA meM 'karma' kahA jAtA hai| isa prakAra jaina darzana kI yaha mAnyatA ki padArthoM kI prApti evaM paristhitiyoM ke nirmANa meM 'karma-phala' hI kAraNa hai, manovaijJAnika dRSTi se puSTa hotA hai| jaise jaina darzana meM karma ko pudgala, acetana bhautika padArtha mAnA jAtA hai usI prakAra Adhunika manovijJAna bhI ise bhautika rUpa meM svIkAra karatA hai| Adhunika manovijJAna vicAra va vicAroM kI taraMgoM kA rUpa, raMga, AkRti Adi to mAnatA hI hai sAtha hI ina taraMgoM kI preSaNa va grahaNa-kriyAoM ko bhI svIkAra karatA hai| vicAroM kI isI preSaNa va grahaNa vidhi ko 'TelIpaithI' kahA jAtA hai| TelIpaithI ke prayoga meM eka vyakti dvArA hajAroM mIla dUra sAgara meM nimagna panaDubbI meM baiThe vyakti ko vicAroM dvArA saMdeza bhejane meM rUsa va amerikA ina donoM dezoM ne paryApta saphalatA prApta kI hai| TelIpaithI kI mahattA isase vizeSa bar3ha jAtI hai ki jahA~ panaDubbI meM reDiyo taraMgeM bhI pahuMcane meM asamartha haiM vahA~ vicAroM kI taraMgeM paha~cane meM samartha haiN| isakA kAraNa hai vicAra taraMgoM kA reDiyo kI vidyut taraMgoM se bhI ati sUkSma honaa| Upara kathita saMskAroM yA karmoM kA aMtastala para aMkita honA hI 'karma kA bandhana' honA hai| jIva meM rAgAdi bhAvoM se AkarSaNa zakti utpanna hotI hai| rAga rUpa kaSAya kI AkarSaNa zakti se karma paramANuoM (kArmaNa vargaNA) kA khiMcAva hotA hai aura ve AtmA se saMpRkta ho jAte haiN| mana, vacana, kAyA kI pravRtti ke anurUpa hI AtmA meM unakA rUpa aMkita hotA hai, kyoMki pravRtti prANI kI prakRti kA anugamana karatI hai| ataH baMdha ke isa rUpa ko 'prakRtibaMdha' kahA gayA hai| prakRtibaMdha meM prayukta kArmaNa vargaNAoM kI mAtrA ko 'pradezabaMdha' kahA jAtA hai| ina dono karmabaMdhoM kA sambandha mana, vacana, kAyA kI pravRttiyoM se hai| parantu karmoM ke ina bhautika dalikoM ko khIMcakara lAne vAlA evaM unheM AtmA meM avasthita karane vAlA hai-kssaaybhaav| kaSAya yA rAgabhAva kI taratamatA ke anusAra hI rasa ke anubhava kI taratamatA hotI hai va AtmA ke sAtha sthita rahane kA samaya nirbhara karatA hai| rasAnubhUti kI isa taratamatA ko 'anubhAgabaMdha' 'rasabaMdha' yA 'anubhAva baMdha' kahA gayA hai aura AtmA ke sAtha karmoM ke avasthita rahane ke samaya ko sthitibaMdha' kahA hai| sattA, udaya, udIraNA, udvartana, saMkramaNa, nidhatti, nikAcanA Adi karmoM ke sabhI rUpoM kA vartamAna manovijJAna ke saMdarbha meM vyAvahArika va prAyogika rUpa prastuta kiyA jA sakatA hai| Asrava-saMvara tattva [77]

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aba vicAra yaha karanA hai ki karmabaMdha kA pariNAma kyA hotA hai tathA karmabaMdha kina kAraNoM se hotA hai ? karma-baMdha kA pariNAma hai- karmoM ke anurUpa unakA phala bhoganA, kyoMki karma phala dene para nIrasa va niHsattva ho jAte haiM, ve nirjarita ho jAte haiM, karmaphala bhogane ke lie parAzraya Avazyaka hai| parAzraya prANI ko parAdhInatA meM Abaddha karatA hai jisakA pariNAma aMtatogatvA duHkha hI hotA hai| Age karma-baMdha ke kAraNa evaM nivAraNa para vaijJAnika dRSTi se vivecana kiyA jA rahA hai| karma-baMdha parAdhInatA hai / karmabaMdhana se mukti hI parAdhInatA se mukti hai / yaha hI vAstavika mukti hai / jina kAraNoM va kAryoM se karma kSaya hote haiM va karmoM kA baMdha rukatA hai, ve sAdhana haiM, aura jina kAraNoM va kAryo se karma baMdha hotA hai ve asAdhana haiM / asAdhana do prakAra ke hote haiM :- 1. pApa aura 2. Azrava / sAdhana tIna prakAra ke haiM:- (1) saMvara (saMyama) (2) nirjarA ( tapa) aura (3) puNya / 1 pApa - 'pAtayati AtmAnaM iti pApaM' arthAt jo AtmA kA patana kare, vaha pApa hai / patana ke kAraNa hote haiM bhArIpana va AkarSaNa zakti / kaSAya ke AkarSaNa se karma - pudagaloM ke dala khiMcakara Ate haiM aura AtmA se saMyukta ho jAte haiM jisase AtmA bhArI ho jAtA hai, phalataH AtmA kA AdhyAtmika kSetra meM patana hotA hai / ataH AtmA ke adha: patana kI kAraNa kaSAya yA Asakti yukta mana, vacana, kAyA kI duSpravRtiyA~ haiM / pApa kI ye pravRtiyA~ hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, maithuna, parigraha, saMgrahavRtti, kSobha, ahaMtva, vaMcanA, pralobhana, rAga, dveSa, kalaha, vigraha, saMgharSa, paradoSa darzana, saMkIrNatA, svArthaparatA, bhogaruci, ghRNA, viSaya - kaSAya, mithyAdarzana Adi rUpoM meM vyakta hotI hai / pApa kA prArambha sukhada evaM pariNAma duHkhada hotA hai / pApajanita sukha ke bhogI ko duHkha bhoganA hI par3atA hai tathA pApajanita sukha bhI AkulatAyukta hone se duHkha rUpa hI hote haiM ataH pApa prANI kA ahita karane vAlA hone se azubha hai| isalie pApakArI pravRttiyoM ko azubhayoga kahA gayA hai| azubhayogoM meM pradhAnatA azubhabhAvoM kI hotI hai / isalie pApoM ko azubhabhAva bhI kahA jAtA hai / 2 Azrava - jina kAryoM, kAraNoM va hetuoM se karma Ate haiM, unheM Azrava kahate hai| pApa rUpa pravRttiyA~ to Azrava haiM hI, sAtha hI mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura azubhayoga ye karma baMdha ke pA~ca hetu bhI Azrava hI kahe gaye haiM / pApa pravRttiyA~ tathA karmabaMdha ke hetu 'Azrava' hI prANI ko parAdhIna banAne vAle haiM tathA ahita va akalyANa karane vAle haiM, use duHkhI banAne vAle hai' ataH asAdhana haiN| [78] jaitattva sA

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asAdhana ke tyAga meM hI sAdhana-nirmANa saMbhava hai| sAdhanA ke tIna aMga haiM(1) saMvara (2) nirjarA, tapa aura (3) puNya, shubhyog| Age ina para kramazaH prakAza DAlA jA rahA hai| 1. saMvara "niruddhAsavo saMvaro' (uttarA. 29/11) Azrava kA nirodha karanA saMvara hai arthAt karmabaMdha ke hetuoM se apane ko bacAnA va baMdha ke kAraNoM kA anta karanA saMvara hai| saMvara ke do rUpa haiM - (1) baMdha ke kAraNoM ko saMkucita va nirbala karate hue unakA aMta karanA aura (2) baMdha ke kAraNoM ko mukti ke kAraNoM meM rUpAntarita kara unakA anta krnaa| saMvara kA prathama rUpa sAdhanA kA niSedhaparaka nivRttirUpa hai aura dUsarA rUpa sAdhanA kA vidhiparaka-kriyAtmaka pravRtti rUpa hai, parantu yaha pravRtti bhI nivRtti ke lie hI hotI hai| karmabaMdha ke pA~ca hetu haiM: -(1) mithyAtva (2) avirati (3) pramAda (4) kaSAya aura (5) ashubhyog| inako nivAraNa karane ke sAdhana haiM- (1) samyaktva (2) virati, (3) apramAda-sajagatA (4) akaSAya yA kaSAya maMdatA aura (5) shubhyog| yahA~ ina para prakAza DAlA jA rahA hai| samyaktva - viveka virodhI vizvAsa mithyAtva hai arthAt jo vastu jaisI nahIM hai use vaisI mAnanA mithyAtva hai| 'para' ko 'sva' mAnanA sabase bar3A mithyAtva hai| 'para' vaha hai jo AtmA se bhinna hai, sadA sAtha na rhe| isa dRSTi se dhana, dhAma, dharA Adi vastue~ to 'para' haiM hI, zarIra, indriyAM, prANa, mana, buddhi Adi bhI 'para' haiN| inheM 'maiM' mAnane se inameM Atma-bhAva, apanatva, mamatva evaM jIvanabuddhi hotI hai| prANI inake hone meM hI apanA jIvana mAnane lagatA hai aura inake nAza meM apanA nAza mAnane lagatA hai| phalataH vaha inake adhIna ho jAtA hai arthAt parAdhIna ho jAtA hai| 'para' meM Atmatva, mamatva va jIvanabuddhi hone se prANI moha meM Abaddha ho jAtA hai| apanA bhAna bhUla jAtA hai jisase ahaMtA-mamatA, viSaya-vAsanA, kaSAya, kAmanA Adi samasta vikAroM kI utpatti hotI hai jo samasta bandhanoM va du:khoM kI kAraNa hai| mithyAtva kA haTanA, viveka kA Adara karanA arthAt jo vastu yA tattva jaisA hai use vaise hI yathArtha rUpa meM samajhanA va vizvAsa karanA, samyaktva hai| tana, mana, dhana, jana Adi para padArthoM se jIvana buddhi haTate hI vRtti antarmukhI ho jAtI hai, Asrava-saMvara tattva [79]

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jisase 'svarUpa' kI anubhUti hotI hai / svarUpa kI anubhUti meM hI zAMti, samatA, svAdhInatA va paramAnanda kI upalabdhi nihita hai / virati viveka ke anAdara ke kAraNa, para padArthoM ke bhoga meM jIva ko sukha kI pratIti hotI hai| sukha kI pratIti hone se padArthoM ke prati rati (rAga) aura arati (dveSa) bhAva utpanna hotA hai / yahI rati yA rAga rUpa sukha - lolupatA, vAsanAoM evaM kAmanAoM ko janma detI hai, jinake adhIna ho, becArA prANI unakI pUrti ke lie pravRtti karatA hai| usakI yahI rAgAtmaka vRtti evaM isa vRtti kI pUrti hetu kI gaI pravRtti avirati hai / yahI asaMyama hai| asaMyama avirati kA hI kriyAtmaka rUpa hai| - samyaktva prApti se sAdhaka isa tathya ko jAna letA hai ki para padArtha mere se bhinna haiM aura merA sukha para padArthoM ke adhIna nahIM hai, 'para' padArthoM se sukha kI prApti yathArtha sukha na hokara sukha kI pratIti mAtra hai, sukhAbhAsa hai / para padArthoM se sukha kI prApti hotI hai, isa mAnyatA ke haTate hI sAdhaka kA para ke prati virAga bhAva utpanna ho jAtA hai, phira use apanA hita va sukha bhogoM, vAsanAoM, kAmanAoM ke tyAga meM anubhava hone lagatA hai| phalataH vaha bhogoM, vAsanAoM, kAmanAoM, pApoM ko tyAgane, saMkucita, sImita va saMyamita karane hetu vrata dhAraNa karatA hai| vrata viratibhAva kA kriyAtmaka rUpa hai, isI ko saMyama kahate haiM / virati ke do rUpa haiM- (1) pApa rUpa azubha pravRttiyoM kA tyAga, yaha 'virati' saMvara sAdhanA kA niSedha paraka rUpa hai / (2) dUsarA rUpa vidhi paraka hai| isameM aNuvrata, mahAvrata, IrSyA, bhASA, eSaNA Adi samitiyoM kA pAlana karanA, anitya, azaraNa Adi bhAvanAoM kA ciMtana karanA Adi sAdhanA kI pravRttiyA~ haiM / ye pravRtiyA~ rAga ghaTAne evaM vRttiyoM se atIta va zuddhAvasthA kI prApti meM hetu haiM isalie sAdhanA aMga haiN| virati se rAga ghaTatA hai / rAga ke ghaTane se sAdhaka meM nirAkulatA, zAMti va svAdhInatA ke bhAvoM ko bala milatA hai tathA sthiratA prApti meM vRddhi hotI hai / virati yA vrata dhAraNa karanA saMvara sAdhanA kA pradhAna kriyAtmaka va vidhiparaka rUpa hai| ataH yaha vyavahAra meM saMvara kA paryAyavAcI bana gayA hai| apramAdaH - bhogoM kI sukha - lolupatA meM pramatta honA, vikAroM ko tyAgane ke lie udyata na honA, bhaviSya para TAlanA pramAda hai / pramattatA se prANoM meM jar3atA A hai, sajagatA nahIM rhtii| phalataH usameM sAdhya kI prApti ke prati udAsInatA, zithilatA A jAtI hai, jisase sAdhanA kI pragati ruka jAtI hai / vastu, vyakti, paristhiti ke jaitattva sA [80]

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sukha meM arthAt para ke saMga-janita viSaya-kaSAya ke sukha meM Asakta rahanA pramattatA yA pramAda hai| viratibhAva se saMsAra kI asAratA, anityatA, azaraNatA Adi vairAgya bhAvoM ko utpatti hotI hai| jisase sAdhaka kI karma evaM rAga Adi doSoM se janita du:khoM para dRSTi jAtI hai aura ve doSajanita duHkha use asahya lagate haiN| yaha asahyatA hI sAdhaka ko sajaga banAtI hai aura doSoM va vikAroM ke nivAraNa ke lie kaTibaddha karatI hai| pApoM, doSoM kI nivAraka rUpa sAdhanA ko bhaviSya para na TAla, vartamAna meM hI karanA, sAdhanA kI gati ko tIvra karane ke lie pUrNa sAmarthya se tatpara honA apramAda hai| pApoM, doSoM yA vikAroM kA aMzamAtra vidyamAna rahate hue bhI jIvana meM sukha kA anubhava karanA, parAdhInatA meM Abaddha rahanA hai, jisake pariNAma svarUpa prANI ko bhayaMkara duHkha bhoganA par3atA hai| jisa prakAra pratyeka bIja meM agaNita vRkSa vidyamAna haiM jo anukUla nimitta pAkara prakaTa ho jAte haiM, isI prakAra pApa yA kaSAya ke eka sUkSma aMza meM bhI samasta pApa, vikAra vidyamAna haiM jo anukUla nimitta milane para prakaTa ho sakate haiN| ataH pApa, kaSAya, vikAra yA asAdhana kA aMza mAtra bhI vidyamAna rahate unake nAza kA upAya na karanA apanA ghora ahita karanA hai, yaha mahAbhUla hai| isa prakAra pramAda sAdhaka kA mahAzatru hai| sAdhanA meM satata sajaga, anavarata rata rahane rUpa apramAda hI sAdhaka kA parama kartavya hai| sAdhaka ko bhagavAna mahAvIra kA yaha sUtra sadaiva smaraNa rakhanA cAhie :- 'samayaM goyama! mA pamAyae' arthAt he gautama ! he sAdhaka ! samaya mAtra kA bhI pramAda mata kr| akaSAya :- jo bhAva karmoM kA karSaNa (AkarSaNa) kare vaha kaSAya hai| kaSAya kA mUla hai rAga yA aaskti| Asakti AtmA se bhinna padArtha se hotI hai, ata: vaha para ke saMga meM Abaddha karatI hai, parAdhIna banAtI hai| parAdhInatA hI baMdhana hai| Asakti hI krodha, kSobha, mAna, mAyA, pravaMcanA, lobha, saMgraha vRtti Adi doSoM ke rUpa meM prakaTa hotI hai| Asakti meM para ke prati AkarSaNa hotA hai| ataH Asakti se karma Adi para-padArtha khiMcakara AtmA se usI prakAra saMbaMdhita ho jAte haiM jisa prakAra cuMbaka ke AkarSaNa se lohA khiMcakara cuMbaka se saMbaMdhita ho jAtA hai| Asakti se hI Atma-svarUpa se vimukhatA evaM AtmavismRti hotI hai| Asrava-saMvara tattva [81]

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vairAgya kI tIvratA se sajagatA AtI hai| sajagatA se rAga, kaSAya yA Asakti janita AkulatA asahya ho jAtI hai, jisase sAdhaka kaSAya rahita hone kA prayatna karatA hai| kaSAya rahita honA va kaSAya kI tIvratA kama karanA saMvara hai| zubhayogaH - mana, vacana, kAyA ke yogoM kI pApa rUpa pravRtiyA~ azubha yoga haiN| yoga pUrvabaddha karmoM ke udaya ke mAdhyama haiM va navIna karma bAMdhane ke sAdhana bhI haiN| azubhayogoM se, duSpravRttiyoM se azubha saMskAroM rUpa pApa karmoM kA baMdha hotA hai| jo duHkha kA hetu hone se asAdhana rUpa hai evaM tyAjya hai| saMvara aura nirjarA kI kriyAtmaka sAdhanA, cAritra pAlanA', mana, vacana, kAyA ke yogoM kI pravRttiyoM para hI nirbhara hai| mana, vacana, kAyA ke yogoM ke abhAva meM saMvara aura nirjarA kI vidhiparaka sAdhanA, sAdhucaryA saMbhava hI nahIM hai| ataH mana, vacana, kAyA ke jina yogoM se saMyama pAlana ho, tapa ho, arthAt saMvara-nirjarA ho, ve zubhayoga haiN| zubhayoga viSaya-kaSAya kI tIvratA ko kama karane vAle aura vairAgya vRtti ko bar3hAne vAle hone se saMvara haiN| vrata yA saMyama dhAraNa karanA, saMvara kA samanvita yA kriyAtmaka rUpa hai| saMyama meM samyaktva, viSaya-kaSAya se virakti, zubhayoga evaM sajagatA samanvita hai, ataH 'zubhayoga' saMvara kA dyotaka hai| 3. puNya : zubhayoga sAdhanA kA tIsarA aMga 'puNya' yA zubhayoga hai| 'punAti AtmAnam iti puNyam' arthAt jo AtmA ko pavitra kare, vaha puNya hai| AtmA mailI hotI hai kaSAya ke kaluSa se / ataH jisase kaSAya meM maMdatA Ave, vaha puNya hai| puNya kA AdhAra hai-AtmIya bhaav| AtmIya bhAva se prANI para-pIr3A se pIr3ita hotA hai, jisase usake hRdaya meM karuNA bhAva udita hotA hai jo sevAbhAva meM pariNata ho jAtA hai| anna, jala, vastra, pAtra Adi dekara para-pIr3A dUra karanA tathA mana, vacana, kAyA se hitakara vyavahAra kara, sevA karanA puNya hai| 'zubha : puNyasya' sUtra ke anusAra zubha pravRttiyA~ athavA zubhayoga hI puNya kA kAraNa hai| azubha pravRttiyA~ pApa haiM aura zubha pravRttiyA~ puNya haiN| sukhabhoga kI lAlasA hI samasta azubha pravRttiyoM kI jananI hai jo sva-para ke liye ahitakara hai tathA asAdhana rUpa hai| sukhabhoga kI lAlasA hI svArthabhAva ko janma detI hai| svArthabhAva se bhAvita karma se hiMsA, jhUTha, zoSaNa, durAcAra, saMgraha vRti, viSamatA, saMgharSa, vaira, [82] jainatattva sAra

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dveSa Adi burAiyA~ utpanna hotI haiN| sukhabhoga kI lAlasA kA anta hote hI svArthabhAva, sarvAtmabhAva meM rUpAntarita ho jAtA hai aura kriyA rUpa meM sevAbhAva yA sarvahitakArI pravRtti ke rUpa meM prakaTa hotA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM kahA jAye to svArthabhAva janita azubha pravRttiyoM kA udAttIkaraNa hokara ve AtmIyatA, sahRdayatA, sadAcAra, samatA, zAMti, prIti meM pariNata ho jAtI haiN| zubhayoga sAdhanA meM Adi se lekara anta taka vidyamAna rahatA hai| zubhayoga kI bhUmikA meM hI sAdhanA ke saMvara aura nirjarA aMga panapate haiN| saMvara-nirjarA se puNya poSita hotA hai aura puNya se saMvara-nirjarA poSita hote haiN| isa prakAra paraspara poSita hote hue sAdhanA kI carama sImA arthAt kaivalya avasthA meM puNya bhI carama sImA para pahu~ca jAte haiN| dAna, zIla, tapa aura bhAvanA rUpa sAdhanA ke cAra aMgoM meM dAna yA puNya kA prathama sthAna hai| dAna yA sevA kA udaya hotA hai-AtmIya bhAva ke vikAsa se| AtmIya bhAva kA vikAsa hotA hai svArthabhAva galane se arthAt sukha bhoga kI lAlasA ghaTane se, zAstrIya zabdoM meM kaSAya yA rAga ke maMda par3ane se| __kaSAya kI maMdatA yA patalApana hI sAdhanA kA prArambha hai| kaSAya kI maMdatA jyoM-jyoM bar3hatI jAtI hai tyoM-tyoM puNya va zuddha bhAvoM kI vRddhi hotI jAtI hai arthAt AtmIya bhAva vyApaka banatA jAtA hai aura kaSAya kA anta ho jAne para puNya carama sImA para pahu~ca jAtA hai tathA AtmIya bhAva sarvAtmabhAva kA rUpa le letA hai| sAdhanAvasthA meM puNya kI vRddhi aura AtmIyatA kA vikAsa sAtha-sAtha hote hai| AtmIyatA kA vikAsa hI AtmA kA vikAsa hai, jaise candrikA candra ke vikAsa kI pratIka hai| AtmIyabhAva kA kriyAtmaka rUpa hI zubhayoga hai| zubha yoga ke abhAva meM sAdhanA saMbhava nahIM hai| kAraNa ki sadeha avasthA meM mana, vacana, kAyA ke yogoM kI pravRtti avazyambhAvI hai| yoga pravRtti kA rukanA hI mRtyu hai| ataH deha ke rahate pravRtti anivArya hai| pravRtti do prakAra kI hotI haizubha aura ashubh| zubha pravRtti kA abhAva azubha pravRtti kA dyotaka hai, jisakA sAdhanA meM koI sthAna nahIM hai| ataH sAdhanAvasthA meM zubha pravRtti avazyambhAvI hai| saMvara aura nirjarA kA poSaNa bhI kaSAya kI maMdatA arthAt zubhapravRtti yA zubhayoga se hI hotA hai| yadi zubhayoga nahIM ho to azubhayoga hogA jisameM saMvaranirjarA saMbhava nahIM hai| vastutaH zubhayoga, saMvara-nirjarA sAdhanA kA AdhAra hai| kAraNa ki jaise prANa ke na rahane para jIvana kA anta ho jAtA hai usI prakAra zubha Asrava-saMvara tattva [83]

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yoga ke na rahane para saMvara - nirjarA kA anta ho jAtA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki zubha yoga sAdhanA kA anivArya aMga hai aura kevalI meM bhI pravacana, vihAra Adi meM zubha yoga kI pravRtti vidyamAna rahatI hai / citta zuddhi ke lie bhI zubha pravRttiyoM kA bar3A mahatva hai / citta kI azubhavRttiyoM kA nAza va azubha kAryoM kA tyAga svataH nahIM hotA hai| isake lie citta kI azubhavRttiyoM ko zubhavRttiyoM meM rUpAntarita karanA hotA hai| zubha vRttiyoM kA pragaTIkaraNa zubhapravRttiyoM meM honA Avazyaka hai| zubhapravRttiyoM meM hI jIvana kA sarvAMgINa vikAsa nihita hai| jisa prakAra rabara kA gubbArA havA bharane se jaise - jaise phUlatA jAtA hai arthAt bar3hatA jAtA hai vaise hI vaise usakA patalApana bar3hatA jAtA hai aura carama sImA para pahu~cane para vaha phaTa jAtA hai| yahI udAharaNa zubhabhAva para bhI caritArtha hotA hai / jaise-jaise zubha bhAvoM kI vRddhi hotI jAtI hai vaise-vaise hI unameM kaSAya kA patalApana bar3hatA jAtA hai aura jaba zubha bhAva yA zubha pravRtti apanI carama sImA para pahu~catI hai to vaha kaSAya rahita ho jAtI hai jisase zuddha svarUpa prakaTa hotA hai / jisa prakAra azodhita viSa, zarIra meM vikAra utpanna karatA hai, svasthatA kA ghAta karatA hai, parantu usI viSa ko zodhita kara davA ke rUpa meM lene para zarIra kA vikAra dUra karatA hai, svasthatA pradAna karatA hai / isI prakAra azubha kAmanAe~ AtmA meM vikAra utpanna karatI haiM aura ahita karatI haiM, parantu unakA zodhana kara unheM zubha meM parivartita kara diyA jAtA hai to ve hitakArI pravRtti kA rUpa le letI haiM jisase AtmA ke vikAra dUra hokara svasthatA (sva-stha - avasthA) kI prApti hotI hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki zubha yogoM kI pravRttiyA~ mukti prApti meM hetu haiM, sAdhanA kA aMga haiN| yaha niyama hai ki jisa sAdhana-sAmagrI se hama puNya yA sevA karate haiM usakI mamatA miTa jAtI hai| jina vyaktiyoM kI hama sevA karate haiM unakI Asakti haTa jAtI hai| mamatA va Asakti dUra ho jAne se unase sambandha viccheda ho jAtA haiM, jisase parAzraya chUTa jAtA hai tathA svAdhInatA rUpa mukti kI upalabdhi hotI hai| puNya ke abhyudaya se hI prANI kI AdhyAtmika sAdhanA kI bhUmikA taiyAra hotI hai| puNyodaya se prANI apanI indriyoM kA vikAsa karatA huA ekendriya se paMcendriya banatA hai; mAnava bhava, svastha zarIra, bala, buddhi Adi pAtA hai jinase usameM sAdhaka hone kI pAtratA AtI hai, phira puNyodaya se graMthi - bheda hokara samyagdarzana kI prApti hotI hai, saMvara aura tapa kI siddhi hotI hai tathA mukti kI prApti hotI hai / [ 84 ] jaitattva sA

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saMvara, nirjarA aura puNya sAdhanA ke ina tIna aMgoM meM se saMvara aura nirjarA rUpa dharma kA phala tatkAla milatA hai, kyoMki ye kriyAe~ koI 'karma' nahIM haiM jisakA phala bAda meM udaya meM Akara mile| karma kA phala udaya Akara bAda meM milatA hai, dharma kA phala to tatkAla hI milatA hai, kAraNa ki aisA koI hetu nahIM hai jisase dharma kA phala pIche mile| saMvara aura nirjarA AtmA ke vikAroM ko dUra karane kI kriyA hai| yaha niyama hai ki vikAra dUra hote hI tatkAla prasAda milatA hai| aisA nahIM hotA ki vikAra to abhI dUra hoM aura phala kabhI mile| jisa prakAra zArIrika vikAra (roga) jisa samaya dUra hote haiM usI samaya tat sambandhI pIr3A miTa kara zAnti va sukha kI anubhUti hotI hai| yaha nahIM hotA ki zarIra kA roga to Aja miTe aura zAnti kala mile| isI prakAra saMvara aura nirjarA se Atmika vikAra dUra hone kI tatkAla anubhUti hotI hai| yadi sAdhaka ko aisI anubhUti nahIM hotI hai to yaha nizcita hai ki usakI saMvara aura nirjarA kI kriyAe~ samIcIna nahIM haiM, usane ina kriyAoM ke rUpa meM kisI sUkSma rAga evaM sukha lolupatA-rUpa doSa kI ArAdhanA kI hai| saMvara-tapa kI sAdhanA, svAdhIna sAdhanA hai, kyoMki isameM Atma-vikAroM ko dUra karane ke lie para ke Azraya va sahAyatA kI apekSA nahIM hai| para kI sahAyatA apekSita na hone se ina sAdhanAoM kA kisI paristhiti vizeSa se koI sambandha nahIM hai, ye vartamAna paristhiti meM hI kI jA sakatI haiN| vastutaH sAdhanA vartamAna kI hI vastu hai tathA ise mAnava mAtra karane meM samartha va svAdhIna hai| jo sAdhanA vartamAna meM hI kI jA sakatI hai use bhaviSya para TAlanA ghora pramAda hai tathA jIvana kI sabase bar3I asAvadhAnI va bhArI bhUla hai| kisI kA ahita na karane evaM sabake hitacintana ke bhAva rUpa puNya kI sAdhanA meM saba svAdhIna haiM, parantu sarva-kriyAtmaka bhAva ko hitakArI pravRtti kA rUpa dene meM vastu, vyakti, paristhiti Adi kI apekSA yA AvazyakatA hotI hai, ataH isameM pratyeka sAdhaka kI apanI sImA hai| sAdhaka ko vartamAna meM prApta apanI paristhiti kA hI sarvahitakArI pravRtti meM sadupayoga kara usakI dAsatA se chUTanA hai| use aprApta paristhiti kA AhavAna nahIM karanA hai| aprApta paristhiti kA AhavAna karanA, paristhiti meM Asakti banAye rakhane va paristhiti kI dAsatA ko pasanda karane kA dyotaka hai, jo asAdhana rUpa hai| Upara saMvara, nirjarA aura puNya, sAdhanA ke tIna rUpa kahe gaye haiN| ye hI sAdhanA yA cAritra kI tIna dhArAe~ haiN| ina tInoM dhArAoM kA saMgama hI sAdhanA kI triveNI hai| Asrava-saMvara tattva [85]

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jisa prakAra prayAga meM gaMgA, yamunA, aura sarasvatI kA saMgama hokara triveNI banatI hai jo apane gantavya sthala sAgara ko pahu~ca kara vilIna ho jAtI hai| isI prakAra saMvaranirjarA rUpa gaMgA-yamunA tathA puNya rUpa sarasvatI ke saMgama se sAdhanA evaM cAritra kI triveNI banatI hai jo apane gantavya sthala mukti ko pahu~ca kara vilIna ho jAtI hai| jaise triveNI-saMgama meM gaMgA aura yamunA kI dhArAe~ to pratyakSa dikhAI detI haiM, parantu sarasvatI kI dhArA nahIM dikhAI detI hai, usake lie kahA jAtA hai ki vaha adRzya rUpa meM ina donoM hI dhArAoM meM vidyamAna rahatI hai| isI prakAra saMvara-nirjarA rUpa gaMgA-yamunA, sAdhanA kI ye do dhArAe~ spaSTa prakaTa haiM aura puNya kI dhArA saMvara-nirjarA rUpa ina donoM dhArAoM ke tala meM avyakta rUpa se anusyUta rahatI hai| jisa prakAra triveNI meM nimagna hone se tatkAla zArIrika pavitratA aura zItalatA kI upalabdhi hotI hai / isI prakAra sAdhanA kI triveNI meM nimagna hone se tatkAla mAnasika aura Atmika pavitratA va zAMti kI upalabdhi hotI haiM parantu triveNI inakA bhoga na karatI huI satata pravAhamAna rahatI hai / isI prakAra sAdhanAtriveNI ke yoga se bhautika evaM AdhyAtmika RddhiyA~, siddhiyA~ va nidhiyA~ prApta hotI haiM, parantu sAdhaka kI sAdhanA ajasra pravAhamAna rahatI hai, vaha inakA bhoga yA upabhoga nahIM karatA / saMvara, nirjarA tathA puNya rUpa sAdhanA-triveNI kI athavA kaheM to cAritra kI ArAdhanA kara mukti pAne meM hI mAnava jIvana kI sArthakatA hai| ataH mAnava mAtra kA karttavya hai ki vaha cAritra rUpa sAdhanA - triveNI kI ArAdhanA kara apane jIvana ko saphala banAve, mokSa prApta kare / zubhayogaH saMvara tattvArthasUtra adhya. 6 sUtra 3 meM 'zubhaH puNyasya' kahA hai, jisakA tAtparya hai ki zubha yoga se puNya kA Asrava hotA hai / jaba zubhayoga Asrava kA hetu hai, to ise saMvara kyoM kahA jAe ? yaha prazna uThanA svAbhAvika hI hai / uttara meM kahanA hai ki jainAgama meM Asrava-saMvara tattvoM kA vivecana mokSa - prApti kI sAdhanA kI dRSTi se kiyA gayA hai| mokSa-prApti meM pApa hI bAdhaka hai, puNya nahIM / ataH Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, baMdha, mokSa Adi tattvoM kA vivecana pApa ko lakSya meM rakhakara kiyA gayA hai| kAraNa ki prANI pApa se, kaSAya se hI karmoM kA baMdha karatA hai, saMsAra ko bar3hAtA hai evaM saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatA hai / ataH pApa hI heya va tyAjya hai, pApa ke kSaya se hI vItarAgatA evaM mukti kI upalabdhi saMbhava hai| [86] jaitattva sA

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pApa kA avarodha va nirodha hone para puNya svataH hotA hai| prANI pApa meM jitanI kamI karatA hai, utanI hI puNya meM vRddhi hotI hai| azubhayoga pApa hai, jisase pApa kA Asrava va baMdha hotA hai| azubhayoga meM kamI hone se zubhayoga hotA hai| jisase azubhayoga-janya pApakarmoM ke Asrava kA nirodha hotA hai, navIna pApakarmoM kA baMdha rukatA hai tathA pUrva meM baMdhe pApa karmoM kA apavartanarUpa kSaya hotA hai| jaise sAtAvedanIya ke Asrava se asAtAvedanIya pApa karma kA, ucca gotra se nIca gotra pApa karma kA, zubha nAma karma se azubha nAma karma kI pApa prakRtiyoM ke sthiti evaM anubhAga kA ghAta hotA hai| isa prakAra puNya ke Asrava se pApa karmoM ke Asrava kA nirodha tathA pUrva meM baMdhe pApa karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai, jisase AtmA mukti ke patha para Age bar3hatI hai| isa prakAra pApa ke Asrava ke nirodha kA hetu hone se zubhayoga ko saMvara kahA hai| zubhayoga se pApa karmoM ke Asrava kA nirodha to hotA hI hai, sAtha hI ghAtI karmoM kA kSaya bhI hotA hai| yathA garahaNayAe NaM apurkkaarNjnnyi|apurkkaarge NaM jIve apasatthehito joge hiMto niyattei, ya pddivjji| pasatthajogapaDivanne ya NaM aNagAre aNaMtaghAipajjave khvei| uttarA.a. 29 sUtra 7 / sAdhaka garhaNA (guru ke samakSa apane doSa prakaTa karane) se apuraskAra (Atma-namratA) pAtA hai| Atma-namratA se aprazasta yogoM se nivRta hokara prazasta yogoM ko prApta karatA hai| prazasta yogoM ko prApta anagAra jJAnAvaraNAdi ghAtI karmo kA kSaya karatA hai| uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke. 29 veM adhyayana meM tihattara boloM kI pRcchA kI gaI hai| inameM se sAdhanA kI pratyeka kriyA se purAne pApa karmoM kA kSaya, navIna pApa karmoM ke baMdha kA nirodha evaM puNya karmoM kA upArjana honA kahA gayA hai| yahAM isa sAtaveM bola meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki sAdhaka garhA (guru ke samakSa apane doSa prakaTa karane) se aprazasta yogoM se nivRtta hotA hai aura prazasta yogoM meM pravRtta hotA hai tathA zubha yogoM se ghAtI karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai| ghAtI karmoM kA kSaya hone se pUrNa nirdoSatA AtI hai, jisase kevala jJAna, kevala darzana, kSAyika cAritra Adi samasta Atmika guNoM kI upalabdhi hotI hai aura sAdhaka mukti ko prApta karatA hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke uparyukta bhagavadvacana se spaSTa hai ki zubha yoga se aghAtI pApa karma hI nahIM, ghAtI karma bhI kSaya hote haiM evaM mukti kI prApti hotI hai| pANivaha-musAvAyA adatta-mehuNa pariggahA viro| rAibhoyaNa virao, jIvo bhavai annaasvo|| - uttarAdhyayana sUtra, a. 30 gAthA 2 Asrava-saMvara tattva [87]

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prANivadha, mRSAvAda, adattAdAna, maithuna, parigraha evaM rAtri-bhojana se virata jIva anAsrava (Asrava rahita) hotA hai| isa gAthA meM anAsrava hone arthAt saMvara ke lie pApa ke tyAga ko hI grahaNa kiyA gayA hai, puNya ko nhiiN| egao viraI kujA, egao ya pvttnnN| asaMjame niyattiM ca, saMjame ya pavattaNaM // - uttarAdhyayana sUtra 31.2 sAdhaka eka ora se virati-nivRtti kare aura eka ora pravRtti kre| asaMyama se nivRtti va saMyama meM pravRtti kre| isa gAthA meM pApa-pravRtti kA hI niSedha hai aura sad pravRtti karane kA Adeza hai| rAgadose ya do pAve, paavkmmpvttnne| je bhikkhU rumbhai niccaM, se na acchai mNddle|| uttarA. a. 31, gAthA 3 pApa karma meM pravRtti karAnevAle rAga aura dveSa ye donoM pApa haiN| jo bhikSa inheM rokatA hai, vaha saMsAra sAgara meM paribhramaNa nahIM karatA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki jainAgama meM saMvara tattva meM, anAsrava meM kevala pApa ke Asrava ke nirodha ko hI sthAna diyA gayA hai, puNya ke Asrava ke nirodha ko kahIM bhI sthAna nahIM diyA hai| pratyuta puNya ke Asrava ke nirodha ko saMvara meM grahaNa nahIM kiyA hai| kAraNa ki sakaSAyI jIvoM ke puNya ke Asrava kA nirodha hone para pApa kA Asrava (pApa karmoM ke dalikoM meM vRddhi) niyama se hotA hai ataH puNya ke Asrava-nirodha kA prayAsa karanA pApa ke Asrava kA AhvAna karanA va AmaMtraNa denA hai| isI prakAra uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke ikatIsaveM adhyayana 'caraNavidhi' meM ikkIsa gAthAoM meM se eka se lekara teMtIsa bola saMsAra-paribhramaNa se mukta hone ke diye haiN| ina sabameM pApa pravRttiyoM kA hI niSedha kiyA gayA hai, puNya kA niSedha kahIM nahIM kiyA gayA hai| uttarAdhyayana ke battIsaveM 'pramAdasthAna' adhyayana meM eka sau gyAraha gAthAoM meM viSaya, kaSAya, rAga-dveSa, moha, mAyA, tRSNA Adi pApoM ko hI tyAjya batAyA hai| kahIM para bhI puNya ko tyAjya nahIM kahA hai| [88] jainatattva sAra

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ede dahappayArA pAvakammassa NAsayA bhnniyaa| puNNassa ya saMjaNayA, paraM puNatthaM Na kAyavvA // - kArtikeyAnuprekSA, 40 dharma ke dasa bheda, pApa, karma kA nAza karane vAle tathA puNya karma kA upArjana karanevAle kahe haiM, parantu inheM puNya ke lie nahIM karanA caahie| isase spaSTa hai ki kSamA, saralatA Adi dharmo se pApa karmoM kA hI kSaya hotA hai puNya karmo kA nhiiN| apitu inase puNya karmoM kA upArjana hotA hai| 'vizuddhi-saMkezAGgaM cet sva-parasthaM sukhAsukham vyrthstvaarhtHH|| - devAgama kArikA, 15 AcArya zrI samantabhadra ke mata meM sukha-duHkha apane ko ho yA dUsare ko ho, vaha yadi vizuddhi kA aMga ho to puNyAsrava kA aura saMkeza kA aMga ho to pApAsrava kA hetu hai| yadi vaha donoM meM se kisI kA bhI aMga nahIM hai to vaha vyartha hai, niSphala hai| sammatteNa sudeNa ya viradIe ksaaynnigghgunnehiN| jo pariNao so puNNo ........ // - mUlAcAra, 234 samyaktva, zrutajJAna, virati, kaSAyanigraha rUpa guNoM se pariNata AtmA puNya svarUpa hai| jainAgama meM samyaktva, virati, kaSAyanigraha Adi guNoM ko jIva kA svabhAva va saMvara kahA hai| ataH jahA~ saMvara hai vahA~ puNya hai| saMvara pApa ke nirodha va kSaya kA hI hetu hai, puNya ke nirodha va kSaya kA nhiiN| zubha yoga mokSarUpI phala ko pradAna karane vAlA hai| jaisA ki kahA hai prativartanaM vA zubheSu yogeSu mokssphldessu| niHzalyasya yateryat tadvajjJeyaM prtikrmnnm|| - Avazyaka sUtra pratikramaNa kA svarUpa batalAte hue isa zloka meM kahA gayA hai ki zalya rahita muni kA mokSaphala ko pradAna karane vAle zubhayoga meM uttarottara vartana karanA pratikramaNa hai| yahA~ bhI zubhayoga ko mokSarUpI phala pradAna kArane vAlA kahA gayA hai| Asrava-saMvara tattva [89]

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zubha pariNAmoM se karmakSaya kI svIkRti vIrasenAcArya ne 'kasAyapAhuDa' kI jayadhavalA TIkA meM dete hue kahA haisuhasuddhapariNAmehiM kammakkhayAbhAve tkkhyaannu-vvttido| _ - jayadhavalA, pustaka 1 pRSTha 5 arthAt zubha aura zuddha pariNAmoM se yadi karmo kA kSaya nahIM mAnA jAya to phira karmo kA kSaya ho hI nahIM sktaa| zabhayoga se puNya prakRtiyoM kA Asrava hotA bhI hai, kintu vaha ghAtaka evaM mukti meM bAdhaka nahIM haiN| isake sAtha hI zubhayoga se pApAsrava ke nirodha rUpa saMvara evaM pApakarma kA kSaya bhI hotA hai| satpravRtiyoM kA mahatva prazna upasthita hotA hai ki pravRtti Asrava hai, karmabaMdha evaM saMsAra paribhramaNa kA kAraNa hai| ataH dAna, dayA, sevA, karuNA, vAtsalya Adi rUpa dharma ke pracAraprasAra kI bhAvanA va pA~ca samitiyoM kA pAlana Adi pravRttiyA~ sAdhaka kyoM kareM? isake uttara meM kahanA hogA ki yaha mAnanA ki pravRtti mAtra baMdha kA aura nivRtti mAtra mukti kA mArga hai, samIcIna nahIM hai| baMdha aura mukti nirbhara karatI hai kaSAya kI utpatti, upasthiti va pravRtti pr| jo pravRtti yA nivRtti kaSAya ke rasa se yukta hai, kaSAya-utpatti kI kAraNa hai vaha hI baMdha kI kAraNa hai aura jisa pravRtti yA nivRtti se kaSAya ghaTatA hai, miTatA hai vaha mukti kI kAraNa hai| puNya, saMvara aura nirjarA kI janaka pravRttiyA~ kaSAya kA maMdatA karatI, ghaTAtI evaM miTAtI haiM ataH mukti kI hetu haiN| dAna se parigraha kI mamatA ghaTane se lobha-kaSAya maMda hotA hai| dayA, karuNA va anukaMpA se AtmIyatA-maitrIbhAvanA kA vikAsa hotA hai aura ahaMkAra galatA hai| AtmIyatA yA maitrIbhAvanA kA vikAsa taba hI hotA hai jaba moha yA rAga ghaTatA hai| jisameM moha yA rAga kI tIvratA hotI hai vaha apane hI tana, mana va parijana meM paribaddha ho sImita ho jAtA hai| use dUsare ke duHkha kI anubhUti nahIM hotI hai| usake prati saMvedanA va sahAnubhUti nahIM hotI hai| dUsare duHkhI prANiyoM ke prati usameM AtmIya bhAva paidA nahIM hotA hai| jisa prakAra rabara kA gubbArA havA bharane se jaise-jaise phUlatA jAtA hai, phailatA jAtA hai, vaise hI vaise usakA patalApana bar3hatA jAtA hai aura [90] jainatattva sAra

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carama sImA para pahu~cane para vaha phaTa jAtA hai| yahI udAharaNa dAna, dayA, karuNA, anukampA, sevA, vAtsalya, maitrI-bhAva Adi zubha pravRttiyoM para bhI caritArtha hotA hai| jaise-jaise ina zubha pravRttiyoM kI vRddhi hotI jAtI hai vaise hI vaise kaSAya, rAga yA moha kA patalApana bar3hatA jAtA hai| dAna, dayA, karuNA, anukampA, sevA vAtsalya va maitrI nisvArtha AtmIyabhAva ke prakaTIkaraNa ke hI vibhinna rUpa haiN| ahaMbhAva moha kA rUpa hai| jitanA ahaMbhAva pragAr3ha hogA, vaha vyakti utanA apane hI svArtha meM sImita hogA, usameM AtmIya bhAva (nisvArtha prema) kI utanI hI kamI hogii| ___ AtmIya bhAva aura moha meM antara hai| moha meM indriya evaM mana se sambandhita sukha bhoga kI kAmanA rahatI hai, pratiphala kI bhAvanA rahatI hai| isase padArtha va vyakti ke sAtha mamatvabhAva utpanna hotA hai aura vaha isake sambandha meM Abaddha ho jAtA hai| sambandha hI bandhana hai, karmabaMdha kA kAraNa hai, jo duHkha kA mUla hai| AtmIya bhAva meM apane sukha yA sukha kI sAmagrI ko vitaraNa karane kI, sukha pradAna karane kI bhAvanA rahatI hai| dAna kA pratidAna yA pratiphala pAne kI bhAvanA nahIM rahatI hai| dAna, dayA, karuNA, vAtsalya aura anukampA ye aise hI niHsvArtha AtmIyabhAva ko prakaTa karane vAlI sevA kI pravRttiyA~ haiM jinameM apane rAga rUpa sukha ko ghaTAne evaM dUsaroM ke duHkha nivAraNa ko bhAvanA rahatI hai jo rAga ko patalA karane meM sahAyaka haiN| isalie sevA arthAt vaiyAvRttya kI pravRtti ko Agama meM nirjarA arthAt karma kSaya kA kAraNa kahA hai| kaise calanA, kaise bolanA, kaise AhAra grahaNa karanA, prApta sAmagrI kA upayoga kaise karanA, zarIra se nikale mUtrAdi maloM ko kaise chor3anA Adi-pA~ca samitiyA~ pravRtti rUpa hI haiN| ye saba zarIra se sambandhita pravRttiyA~ haiN| Agama meM vidhipUrvaka kI gaI ye pravRttiyA~ saMyama yA saMvara kahI gaI haiN| kAraNa ki saMyama pAlana va muktiprapti meM zarIra, indriya va mana Adi upakaraNa mAdhyama rUpa sAdhana haiN| jo mukti ke sAdhana haiM, ve sAdhanA-mArga arthAt saMvara-nirjarA ke hI kArya haiN| zarIra aura mana ke vidyamAna rahate hue inakI kucha na kucha pravRtti avazyaMbhAvI hai| usa pravRtti ko bhoga meM lagAnA pApa hai aura saMyama meM lagAnA saMvara-nirjarA hai, karma kSaya kA kAraNa hai| nivRtti mAtra mukti kI kAraNa ho, sAdhanA kA mArga ho aisI bAta nahIM hai| yadi koI upavAsa isalie karatA hai ki bhUkhe rahane se AmAzaya kI (jaTharAgni kI) agni pradIpta hogI jisase bhojana adhika svAda lekara khAyA jA sakegA to yaha Asrava-saMvara tattva [91]

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upavAsa rUpa nivRtti bhojana kI pravRtti ko jagAne ke lie hai, ata: baMdha kA kAraNa hai, mukti kA nhiiN| bagule kA machalI pakar3ane kI tAka meM halana-calana kI pravRtti na karanA nivRtti nahIM pratyuta pravRtti kA hI rUpa hai| Azaya yaha hai ki jo nivRtti bhoga-sukha prApti kI icchA se kI jAtI hai, vaha baMdha kA kAraNa hai| vaha pravRtti hI hai, nivRtti nahIM aura na usakA sAdhanA meM koI sthAna hI hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki jisa pravRtti yA nivRtti ke viSaya-kaSAya kA poSaNa hotA hai, vaha pravRtti yA nivRtti doSa hai, baMdhana hai aura saMsAra paribhramaNa kA kAraNa hai aura jisa pravRtti yA nivRtti se viSaya-kaSAya ghaTatA hai, upazama yA kSaya hotA hai, vaha nivRtti yA pravRtti, mukti kA kAraNa saMvara-nirjarA rUpa sAdhanA hone se upAdeya hai| dayA, dAna, karuNA, anukaMpA, vAtsalya, sevA Adi pravRttiyA~ niravadya haiM ataH cAritra rUpa sAdhanA kI aGga haiM upAdeya haiN| niravadya pravRttiyA~ kabhI bhI tyAjya nahIM hotI haiM kevala sAvadya pravRttiyA~ prANAtipAta, mRSAvAda, corI, maithuna, parigraha, krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, rAga, dveSa Adi pravRttiyA~ hI tyAjya haiN| isIlie vrata sadA sAvadha arthAt pApa pravRttiyoM ke tyAga kA hI liyA jAtA hai| niravadya pravRtiyoM ke tyAga ke vrata lene kA vidhAna AgamoM meM kahIM upalabdha nahIM hotA hai| yaha spaSTa hai ki samasta doSoM va du:khoM kA mUla rAga hai| rAga kI utpatti kA kAraNa viSaya-sukha kA bhoga hai| ataH jina pravRttiyoM, kriyAoM yA ceSTAoM dvArA sukha-bhoga nahIM kiyA jAtA unakA rAga aGkita nahIM hotaa| jinakA rAga aGkita nahIM hotA unakA cintana nahIM hotaa| inakA cintana miTate hI inase atIta kA arthAt lokAtIta, indriyAtIta avinAzI avasthA yA jIvana kA cintana svataH hone lagatA hai| yaha sArthaka cintana hai| jisa prakAra prajvalita agni kASTha ko jalAkara svataH zAnta ho jAtI hai usI prakAra sArthaka ciMtana vyartha ciMtana ko khAkara svayaM zAnta ho jAtA hai jisase rAga kA pUrNa rUpa se sadA ke lie kSaya ho jAtA hai| rAga kA sarvAMza meM kSaya hote hI, vItarAga hote hI avinAzI mukta jIvana kI upalabdhi evaM anubhUti ho jAtI hai| isa dRSTi se zarIra, indriya, mana, buddhi Adi pravRttiyoM kA sadupayoga inase atIta ke jIvana meM praveza karAne meM hetu hai| ina sabakA sadupayoga sevA, saMyama Adi hai| ataH sevA Adi kA pariNAma indriyAtIta, dehAtIta, lokAtIta jIvana meM praveza karAnA hai, jisakA phala zAnti mukti evaM prIti kI prApti hai| zAnti meM anaMta sAmarthya vaibhava va akSaya rasa-mukti meM amaratva (avinAzIpana) [92] jainatattva sAra

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va akhaNDa-avyAbAdha rasa evaM prIti meM nita-nUtana anaMta rasa hai arthAt akSayaavyAbAdha-anaMta sukha kI prApti hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki sadpravRtti mukti vaha akSayaavyAbAdha anaMta sukha kI prApti meM sahAyaka hai bAdhaka nhiiN| prAkkathana (lekhaka kI mUla pustaka 'Asrava-saMvara tattva' pustaka meM uddhRta) - kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA jaina dharma kA lakSya mukti prApta karAnA hai| mukti meM pApa bAdhaka hai| ataH mukti-prApti ke lie pApa kA tyAga karanA anivArya hai, isalie jaina darzana meM samasta tAttvika vivecana pApa ko dRSTi meM rakhakara hI kiyA gayA hai, puNya kI dRSTi se nahIM kiyA gayA hai| karma kA zubhatva-azubhatva usake zubha-azubha phala para hI nirbhara karatA hai| jisa karma kA phala azubha milatA hai use azubha va pApa karma kahA hai| jisa karma kA phala zubha milatA hai use zubha va puNya karma kahA gayA hai| puNya karma se jIva ko kisI bhI prakAra kI hAni nahIM hotI, AtmA ke kisI bhI guNa kA ghAta nahIM hotA hai, ata: puNya karma ko aghAtI karma kahA hai yadi puNya karma se jIva ko kisI bhI prakAra kI hAni hotI, AtmA ke svAbhAvika guNoM kA aMza mAtra bhI ghAta hotA to ise deza-ghAtI karma kahA jAtA, aghAtI nahIM kahA jaataa| karma siddhAnta meM karma phala dene vAlI zakti ko anubhAga yA anubhAva kahA hai aura isa anubhAga ke sarjana (Asrava) tathA baMdha kA kAraNa kaSAya ko kahA hai| yathA 'Thidi aNubhAga kasAyado hoti', (gommaTasAra karmakAMDa, gAthA 257) arthAt sthiti aura anubhAga baMdha kaSAya se hI hotA hai| pannavaNA sUtra ke 14 veM pada meM AThoM hI karma-prakRtiyoM ke baMdha kA kAraNa krodha, mAna, mAyA va lobha kaSAya ko batAyA gayA hai| yaha sUtra pApa karmoM para hI lAgU hotA hai, puNya karmoM para nhiiN| kAraNa ki krodha kaSAya meM kamI se sAta vedanIya, mAna kaSAya kI kamI se ucca gotra, mAyA kaSAya kI kamI zubha nAma karma aura lobha kaSAya kI kamI va kSaya se devAyu nAmaka puNya karma prakRtiyoM kA baMdha hotA hai| ataH samasta puNya-prakRtiyoM ke Asrava kA kAraNa kaSAya kI kamI va kSaya hai| pApa aura puNya karma kA phala unake anubhAga se milatA hai| karma ke anubhAga meM jitanI vRddhi hotI hai utanA hI usakA phala adhika milatA hai| karma anubhAga meM jitanI kamI hotI hai usakA phala utanA hI kama milatA hai| karma ke anubhAga kA kAraNa kaSAya ko kahA hai| kaSAya kI vRddhi se Asrava-saMvara tattva [93]

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karma ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai aura kaSAya kI kamI se karma ke anubhAga meM kamI hotI hai| jaisA ki kahA haitivvo asuhasuhANaM saMkesavisohio vivjyu| 'karma-graMtha bhAga 5, gAthA 63 arthAt azubha (pApa) prakRtiyoM kA tIvra rasa (anubhAga) saMkleza (kaSAya kI vaddhi) se aura isake viparIta zubha (puNya) prakRtiyoM kA tIvra rasa (anubhAga) vizuddhi (kaSAya kI kamI) se hotA hai| isa sUtra se yaha spaSTa hai ki kevala pApa prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga meM vRddhi kA hetu kaSAya hai| puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga meM vRddhi kA hetu kaSAya nahIM hai, apitu isake viparIta hai arthAt kaSAya meM jitanI kamI hotI jAtI hai utanA puNya karmoM kA anubhAga bar3hatA jAtA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki samasta samyagdRSTi jIvoM puNya ke anubhAga kA baMdha, udaya va sattA ye saba catuH sthAnika hI hote haiM, isase nyUna nahIM hote haiN| samyagdRSTi jIva ke cAritra kI kSapaka zreNI meM jaba bhAva pUrNa vizuddha ho jAte haiM to use aMtarmuhUrta meM kevalajJAnakevaladarzana hone vAlA hotA hai| aise utkRSTa sAdhanA ke sAdhaka jIva kA yahI catuHsthAnika anubhAga bar3hakara utkRSTa ho jAtA hai| samasta kevalajJaniyoM ke unakI puNya prakRtiyoM ko anubhAga sadaiva utkRSTa hI hotA hai| unakA yaha anubhAga kabhI bhI kSINa va anutkRSTa nahIM hotA hai| abhiprAya yaha hai ki jaina darzana meM tatvoM kA vivecana sAdhanA ko dRSTi meM rakhakara kiyA gayA hai aura sAdhanA meM AtmA kA patana karane vAlA pApa hI tyAjya hotA hai, AtmA ke pavitra karane vAlA puNya tyAtya nahIM hai| ataH jaina darzana meM Asrava tathA saMvara tattva meM pApa ke Asrava va saMvara ko hI grahaNa kiyA gayA hai, puNya ke Asrava va saMvara ko nhiiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki Asrava ke biyAlIsa evaM saMvara ke sattAvana bheda pApa se hI sambandhita hai inameM eka bhI bheda puNya se sambandhita nahIM hai| isa viSaya kA vizeSa vivecana prastuta (Asrava-saMvara tattva) pustaka meM 'AsravasaMvara tattva kA AdhAra', 'kaSAya kI kamI se puNyAsrava aura kaSAya kI vRddhi se pApAstrava', 'zubha yoga saMvara kyoM, prakaraNoM meM kiyA gayA hai| inhIM kA vistRta vivecana lekhaka kI 'puNya-pApa tattva' pustaka meM dekhA jA sakatA hai| sAdhaka ke lie pApa hI tyAjya hai, puNya nhiiN| isIlie jaina darzana meM pApa ke Astrava ke nirodha ko hI saMvara kahA hai, puNya ke Asrava ke nirodha ko saMvara nahIM [94] jainatattva sAra

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kahA hai| kAraNa ki cAritra mohanIya ke zreNIkaraNa ko chor3akara jo AThaveM guNasthAna se Upara hotI hai aura usakA kAla aMtarmuhUrta mAtra hai- zeSa AThaveM guNasthAna taka puNya prakRtiyoM ke Asrava kA nirodha hone para unakI virodhinI pApa prakRtiyoM kA Asrava hotA hai| yaha niyama hai ki jaise-jaise AtmotthAna hotA jAtA hai vaisevaise puNya ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI jAtI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki sAtAvedanIya,uccagotra, zubhaAyu, Adeya, yazakIrti Adi zubhanAma karma kI puNya prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga kevalajJAna prApta karane vAle sAdhaka ke hI hotA hai, isase nimna stara ke sAdhaka ke nahIM hotaa| ataH puNya ke nirodha kA saMvara tattva meM sthAna nahIM hai, puNya karma ke anubhAga kA kSaya kisI bhI sAdhanA se saMbhava nahI hai, isIlie vItarAga kevalI ke puNya karma kI prakRtiyoM kA kSaya nahIM hotA hai| mana, vacana va kAyA kI pravRtti se AtmA meM spaMdana hotA hai jisase kArmaNa vargaNAe~ AkRSTa hokara Atma-pradezoM meM praveza karatI haiM, ise hI Asrava kahate haiN| athavA karmoM ke Agamana ke hetuoM, vikAroM kI utpatti ko Asrava kahate haiN| yaha Asrava AtmA ke pariNAmoM se hotA hai| AtmA ke pariNAmoM meM vidyamAna kaSAya meM vRddhi hone ko saMkleza kahA jAtA hai| saMkleza se pApAsrava hotA hai aura AtmA ke pariNAmoM meM vidyamAna kaSAya meM kamI hone se AtmA pavitra hotI hai, isI ko vizuddhi kahate haiN| vizuddhi se puNyAsrava hotA hai| ___ pApAsrava AThoM hI karmoM kA hotA hai, parantu puNyAsava vedanIya, Ayu, nAma aura gotra ina cAra karmo kA hI hotA hai| ye cAroM karma aghAtI haiN| arthAt inase AtmA ke kisI bhI guNa kA aMza mAtra bhI ghAta nahIM hotA hai| ye karma jIva ke lie hAnikAraka nahIM haiN| ataH ye sAdhaka ke AtmotkarSa meM bAdhaka nahIM haiN| isIlie Asrava-tattva meM puNyAsrava ko koI sthAna nahIM diyA gayA hai| Asrava ke pA~ca, bIsa, bayAlIsa bhedoM meM puNyAsrava kA koI bheda nahIM haiN| ye sabhI pApAsrava se, pApa pravRtti se hI sambandhita haiN| Asrava se bIsa aura biyAlIsa bheda Asrava ke mUla pA~ca bhedoM ke hI vistAra haiN| Asrava ke pAMca bheda haiM mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura azubha yog| Asrava ke nirodha se saMvara hotA hai| ina pA~coM AsravoM ke nirodha se pAMca saMvara hote haiM, yathA-mithyAtva Asrava ke nirodha se samyaktva saMvara hotA hai| samyaktva kI upalabdhi ke samaya samasta pApa prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga catu:sthAnika se ghaTakara Asrava-saMvara tattva [95]

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dvisthAnika ho jAtA hai aura puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga dvisthAnika se bar3hakara catuHsthAnika ho jAtA hai, jisakA ghAta samyaktva vidyamAna rahate kabhI nahIM hotA hai| avirati ke nirodha se virati (saMyama) kA pAlana hotA hai| kSapaka zreNI meM utkRSTa saMyama hotA hai| usa samaya puNya-prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga bar3hakara utkRSTa ho jAtA hai| pramAda sAdhaka ke AtmotkarSa meM bAdhaka hai| pramAda kA tyAga kara kSapaka zreNI para ArohaNa karane vAlA sAdhaka ke puNya ke utkRSTa anubhAga kA arjana (Asrava) hotA hai| kaSAya se hI sthiti aura anubhAga ko baMdha hotA hai| yaha baMdha kaSAya kama ho to kama aura kaSAya adhika ho to adhika hotA hai| ataH kaSAya se anubhAga kA baMdha hotA hai|' yaha sUtra pApa karma prakRtiyoM para hI lAgU hotA hai, puNya karma ke anubhAga meM vRddhi tathA puNya karma kA Asrava kaSAya kI kamI se, nirodha se va tyAga se, AtmA ke pavitra hone se hotA hai| krodha, mAna, mAyA va lobha ina cAroM kaSAyoM ke nirodha se cAroM hI puNya karmoM kA Asrava-arjana hotA hai| isakA vistAra se vivecana kaSAya meM kamI se puNyAsrava aura kaSAya kI vRddhi se pApAsava" prakaraNa meM kiyA gayA hai| mana, vacana, va tana kI pravRtti rUpa yoga do prakAra kA hai- (1) azubha yoga aura (2) zubha yog| azubha yoga se pApAsrava hotA hai aura zubha yoga se puNya kA Asrava hotA hai| parantu zubha yoga ko Asrava tattva kA hetu na kahakara saMvara kA hetu kahA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki zubha yoga se azubha yoga kA nirodha hotA hai, jisase pApAsrava kA nirodha hotA hai arthAt pApa karmoM kA saMvaraNa hotA hai| pApAsrava ke nirodha kA tathA pApa karmoM ke saMvara kA hetu hone se zubhayoga ko saMvara kahA hai| isakA vizeSa varNana zubhayoga saMvara kyoM? prakaraNa meM kiyA gayA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya va azubha yoga ke nirodha se svataH samyaktva, virati, apramAda, akaSAya va zubha yoga saMvara hotA hai| ina saMvaroM se puNya kA Asrava hotA hai| ataH puNyAsrava kA nirodha karanA saMvara kA nirodha karanA hai| bhagavatI sUtra zataka 1 uddezaka 7 meM kahA hai ki "yadi jIva ke azubha karma baMdhe hue na hoM to usake zubha karma hote haiN| azubha karmoM kA udaya na hone para zubha karmoM kA udaya svataH hotA hai| ataH zubha karmoM ko udaya ko heya va tyAjya [96] jainatattva sAra

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mAnA jAya to zubha karmoM ke udaya ke abhAva meM unake virodhI azubha karmoM kA udaya hotA hai, jo heya hai| jaina tattva jJAna meM Asrava-tattva ke sambandha meM yaha tathya atyanta mahatvapUrNa hai ki doSa yA pApa to prANI ke karane se hotA hai, svataH nahIM hotA hai, parantu 'puNya' pApa meM kamI hone se svataH hotA hai| yaha aTala niyama hai ki pApa pariNAmoM meM jitanI kamI hotI hai utanI hI AtmA adhika pavitra hotI hai aura utanI hI puNya karma-prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai| Azaya yaha hai ki pApa meM kamI hone se, nirodha va tyAga hone se puNya kA Asrava svataH hotA hai, usake lie anya koI prayatna nahIM karanA par3atA hai| arthAt azubha yoga ke nirodha se zubha yoga svataH hotA hai jisase zubhAsrava svataH hotA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaba jIva mithyAtva kA tyAga kara samyaktva grahaNa karatA hai to puNya karmoM kA anubhAga dvisthAnika se bar3hakara svataH catu:sthAnika ho jAtA hai| cAritra kI kSapaka zreNI meM, kaSAya ke kSaya ke samaya puNya kA yahI anubhAga bar3hakara utkRSTa ho jAtA hai| jaba taka puNya karma prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga utkRSTa nahIM hotA hai taba taka kevala jJAna nahIM hotA hai, yaha utkRSTa anubhAga jo mukti-prApti ke carama samaya taka utkRSTa hI rahatA hai| jaba taka puNya karma-prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga utkRSTa nahIM hotA hai taba taka kevala jJAna nahIM hotA hai| ataH kaSAya kI kSINatA va kSaya se puNyAsrava va puNya ke anubhAga meM vRddhi svataH hotI hai| mana, vacana va kAyA kI zubha kriyA yA pravRtti adhika yA nyUna hone se puNya kA anubhAga adhika va nyUna nahIM hotI hai| cAritra kI kSapaka zreNI meM sAdhaka kI mana, vacana, kAyA kI pravRtti atyalpa hotI hai| ataH puNya kA anubhAga kama honA cAhie parantu kama nahIM hokara adhika hotA hai| puNya kI isa vRddhi kA kAraNa kaSAya kA kSaya hai, pravRtti nhiiN| kaSAyoM ke kSaya ke sAdhanA kAla meM hI puNya prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga hotA hai jo mukti-prApti meM carama samaya taka utkRSTa hI rahatA hai| puNya karma cAra haiM- (1) vedanIya karma (2) gotra karma (3) nAmakarma aura (4) Ayu krm| ina cAroM karmoM kI puNya prakRti kA upArjana kramazaH krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha kaSAya ke kSaya se prakaTa kSamA, mArdava, Arjava aura akiMcana (mukti) guNoM se hotA hai| ina cAroM hI guNoM ke AlaMbana se zukla dhyAna hotA hai| Asrava-saMvara tattva [97]

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jo kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana va mukti kA hetu hai| ina cAroM hI guNoM ko sthAnAMga sUtra ke cauthe sthAna meM mukti ke dvAra kahA hai| ataH jo mukti ke dvAra haiM ve hI puNyAsava ke hetu haiN| ataH puNyAsrava kA nirodha karanA mukti ke dvAra kA nirodha tathA virodha karanA hai| tapa, saMyama kI sAdhanA se pApAsrava kA nirodha evaM pApa karmoM kA hI kSaya hotA hai puNyAsrava kA nirodha tathA puNya karmoM kA kSaya nahIM hotA hai| jaisA ki kahA hai khaveMti appANamamohadaMsiNo, tave rayA saMjaya- ajve-gunne| dhuNaMti pAvAiM pure kaDAI, NavAyaM pAvAI Na te kreNti|| -dazavaikAlikasUtra a. 6 gAthA 68 moha rahita hone tathA saMyama meM, Arjava, mArdava Adi guNoM meM aura tattva meM rata sAdhaka pUrvakRta karmoM kA kSaya karatA hai va navIna karmoM kA baMdha nahIM karatA hai| isa prakAra sAdhaka apane pApa karmo kA kSaya kara detA hai| isa gAthA meM saMyama, tapa, Arjava Adi sAdhanAoM se arthAt kaSAya kI kamI se kevala purAne pApa karmoM kA kSaya tathA navIna pApa karmoM kA baMdha nahIM honA batAyA hai| yadi ina sAdhanAoM se puNya karmoM kA kSaya aura navIna puNya karmoM kA baMdha hotA hai to karma zabda ke pahale 'pApa' vizeSaNa lagAne kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM hotii| Azaya yaha hai ki puNyAsrava ke nirodha ko jaina darzana meM saMvara nahIM mAnA hai| kAraNa ki (1) puNya ke Asrava kA sarvathA nirodha sayogI avasthA meM kisI bhI jIva ke saMbhava nahIM hai| (2) puNya kA Asrava bhAvoM kI vizuddhi se hotA hai| (3) puNya ke Asrava se jIva ke kisI bhI guNa kA ghAta nahIM hotA hai| (4) puNya karma ke anubhAga kA kSaya kisI bhI sAdhanA se saMbhava nahIM hai| (5) samasta sAdhanAoM se puNya ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai| (6) AThaveM guNasthAna taka puNyAsrava kA nirodha hone para usakI virodhinI pApa prakRtiyoM kA Asrava hotA hai| (7) ataH puNya ke Asrava kA nirodha karanA pApa ke Asrava kA AhvAna karanA hai| (8) jainAgama meM sarvatra pApa ke tyAga kA hI vidhAna hai, puNya ke tyAga kA Adeza, upadeza, nirdeza kahIM para bhI nahIM hai| sAdhakoM ko yaha tathya sadaiva dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhie ki puNya kA Asrava va anubhAga meM vRddhi bhAvoM kI vizuddhi ke sUcaka haiN| ataH puNya meM mahattva bhAvoM kI [98] jainatattva sAra

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vizuddhi kA hai, bhAvoM kI pavitratA kA hai, puNya tattva kA hai, puNya ke Asrava va anubhAga kI vRddhi kA nhiiN| Azaya yaha hai ki puNya ke Asrava se AtmA pavitra nahIM hotI hai, apitu AtmA ke pavitra hone se puNya ke Asrava va anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai| puNya prakRtiyoM kI upalabdhi pApa ke ghaTane se svataH hotI hai| ataH ye sAdhana-sAmagrI haiM inakA sadupayoga sevA-sAdhanA meM karane se AtmotthAna hotA hai, aura inakA upayoga viSaya-bhogoM meM karane ke AtmA kA patana hotA hai, pApa kI vRddhi hotI hai jo AtmA ke lie ahitakara va tyAjya hai| sadupayoga-durupayoga karanA jIva ke puruSArtha kA nirbhara hai- karmodaya para nhiiN| pApa va puNya ke Asrava kA saMbaMdha pravRtti se hai| pravRtti do prakAra kI hotI hai- (1) duSpravRtti aura (2) sdprvRti| jisa pravRtti se sva-para kA ahita ho, hAni ho, duHkha ho, patana ho vaha duSpravRtti hai, duSkarma hai, pApa hai| jaise-kisI manuSya ke prati va hamAre prati koI dUsarA vyakti (1) kaSTa de, mAre , (2) jhUTha bole, (3) corI kare (4) vyabhicAra kare (5) zoSaNa kare, Thagane kA vyavahAra kare, (6) krodha kare, (7) abhimAna kara nIcA dikhAve, (8) dhokhA-dhar3I kare, (9) lobha se Thage, (10) bhoga kare, Asakta hove, (11) dveSa kare, (12) kalaha-jhagar3A kare, (13) kalaMka lagAve (14) cugalI kare (15) niMdA kare to usake ina vyavahAroM ko mAnava mAtra burA mAnatA hai| yaha jJAna mAnava mAtra ko svAbhAvika hai ataH svayaM siddha hai| isI ko jaina dharma meM pApa pravRtti kahA hai aura isake prANAtipAta Adi aThAraha bheda kahe haiM arthAt dUsaroM ke dvArA jaisA vyavahAra hama apane prati burA, aniSTa, hAniprada va duHkhada mAnate haiM vaisA vyavahAra karanA pApa hai, pApAsrava kA hetu hai| pApa tyAjya hI hotA hai| pApAsrava kA mUla kAraNa viSaya-sukhoM kA bhoga hai, sukha lolupatA hai, sukha kA pralobhana hai, 'para' padArtha se sukha pAne kI icchA hai| 'para' padArtha sukha-duHkha detA hai, yaha mAnyatA hI mithyAtva hai| para-padArthoM ke sukha-prApti ke lie pravRtti karanA hI asaMyama hai, avirati hai| para padArtha ke sukha-bhoga meM Asakta honA, manojJa viSayoM meM rAga amanojJa viSayoM ke prati dveSa karanA kaSAya hai| kaSAyavarddhaka pravRtti karanA azubha yoga hai| ye hI azubha yoga mithyAtva, avirati, kaSAya aura pApAsava ke hetu hai, saMsAra-bhramaNa ke kAraNa hai, samasta doSoM va duHkhoM ke janaka haiM, ataH tyAjya haiN| isake viparIta AtmA svayaM sukha-duHkha kA karttA-vikartA hai, anya Asrava-saMvara tattva [99]

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nahIM, yaha samyaktva hai| para-padArtha se sukha-bhoga ke lie pravRtti na karanA, viSayabhogoM se virata hone virati hai, saMyama hai| samabhAva meM rahanA, kaSAya kA upazama va kSaya karanA arthAt akaSAya honA cAritra hai| azubha yogoM ke nirodha se, tyAga se svataH zubha yoga hotA hai| samyaktva, virati akaSAya aura zubha yoga saMvara hai| saMvara puNyAsrava kA hetu hai| ataH puNyAsrava tyAjya nahIM hai, pApAsrava hI tyAjya hai| pApAsava ke tyAga meM hI Atma-hita nihita hai| vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie lekhaka kI pUrva prakAzita pustaka 'Amrava-saMvara tattva' meM nimnAMkita prakaraNa paThanIya haiM 3. samyagdarzana aura mithyAtva : eka Agamika vizleSaNa, 4. samyagdarzana ke lakSaNa, 5. samyagdarzana aura bheda vijJAna, 6. vrata bandhana nahIM, mukti hai,7. tyAga kA svarUpa evaM mahatva, 8. mahattva doSoM kI kamI kA nahIM, doSoM ke tyAga kA hai, 9. sukha, zAnti evaM mukti kA upAya : tyAga, 10. atibhoga ko saMyama va tyAga kA hetu mAnanA ghora bhUla, 11. bhoga : bhava-bhramaNa kA kAraNa, 12. vaijJAnika yuga meM zrAvaka dharma kI mahattA evaM AvazyakatA, 13. tIna manoratha, 14. zramaNa dharma : samiti - gupti kI sAdhanA, 15. ahiMsA ke do rUpa, 16. ahiMsA aura viveka, 17. ahiMsA kA sakArAtmaka rUpa, 18. sakArAtmaka ahiMsA dharma hai, 19. parigraha aura aparigrahaH eka vizeSaNa, 20. vikathA - tyAga, 21. vosirAmi : eka vivecana, 22. pratyAkhyAna, vosirAmi aura micchami dukkaDaM, 23. uTThie No pamAyae, 24. gati nahIM, pragati kareM, 25. kaSAya kI kamI se puNyAsrava aura kaSAya kI vRddhi se pApAsava, 26. vaira banAma maitrI : eka manovaijJAnika vizeSaNa, 27. karuNA aura moha meM bheda, 28. karuNA vibhAva nahIM, svabhAva hai, saMvara hai, 29. maitrI bhAva, 30. mArdava, 31. zubha yoga saMvara kyoM? 32. azuddha-zuddha bhAva aura zubha - azubha yoga kA antara, 33. sAmAyika : sarva sAdhanAoM kI bhUmi, 34. sAmAyika ke pratijJA-pATha kA rahasya, 35. satpravRttiyoM kA mahattva, 36. japa - sAdhanA, 37. mauna - sAdhanA, 38. bhakti - upaasnaa| Amukha (Amrava-saMvara tattva se uddhRta) - dharmacanda jaina bandhana aura mukti kI prakriyA ko jAnane kI dRSTi se jaina darzana meM navatattvoM ko pratipAdana huA hai| navatattva haiM-jIva, ajIva, puNya, pApa, Asrava, saMvara, bandha, [100] jainatattva sAra

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nirjarA aura mokSa / prastuta pustaka meM Asrava aura saMvara tattva kA vizeSa pratipAdana huA hai| jIva-ajIva aura puNya-pApa tattvoM kI vyAkhyA zrI loDhA sAhaba kI pustakeM pahale hI prakAza meM A cukI haiN| jIva-ajIva tattva kA pratipAdana unhoMne vijJAna aura jaina darzana ke Aloka meM kiyA hai| puNya-pApa kA pratipAdana Agama aura karma siddhAnta ko AdhAra banAkara kiyA hai| puNya-pApa tattva' pustaka vartamAna meM pracalita mAnyatAoM meM saMzodhana kI preraNA karatI hai| lekhaka ne Agamika pramANoM ke AdhAra para yaha siddha kiyA hai ki puNya ko pApa kI bhA~ti heya mAnanA ucita nahIM hai| puNya kA unhoMne tattva evaM karma ke rUpa meM pratidina kiyA hai| unhoMne puNya tattva ko Atma-vikAsa kA aura puNya karma ko bhautika vikAsa kA sUcaka batAte hue pratipAdita kiyA hai ki kaSAya kI kamI athavA vizuddhibhAva rUpa puNya AdhyAtmika vikAsa meM sahAyaka banatA hai tathA puNya tattva ke phala rUpa meM arjita puNya karmoM ke dvArA manuSya Ayu, paJcendriya jAti, manuSya gati zarIra Adi ke rUpa meM jo bhautika sAmagrI prApta hotI hai, vaha bhaitika vikAsa kI dyotaka evaM sahAyaka hai| puNya arthAt vizuddhi bhAva kI vRddhi ko unhoMne pApakarmoM ke kSaya meM hetu svIkAra kiyA hai| unakA yaha sudRr3ha mantavya hai ki mukti meM puNya sahAyaka hai evaM pApa bAdhaka hai| isa prakAra mokSa kI sAdhanA meM saMvara aura nirjarA kI bhA~ti puNya bhI upayogI hai| prastuta pustaka Asrava aura saMvara tattva meM lekhaka ne Asrava aura saMvara kA nirUpaNa karate hue yaha mantavya sthApita kiyA hai ki Asrava aura saMvara tattva kA pratipAdana pApa ko AdhAra mAnakara kiyA gayA hai, puNya ko AdhAra banAkara nhiiN| isIlie Asrava ko tyAjya batAte samaya pApa kA hI Asrava tyAjya kahA gayA hai, puNya kA Asrava nhiiN| usI prakAra saMvara kI sAdhanA meM pApa pravRtti yA sAvadhapravRtti kI hI saMvara apekSita hotA hai, puNya yA zubha pravRtti kA nhiiN| jaina darzana ke katipaya vidvAn vartamAna samaya meM sampUrNa Asrava ko heya evaM sampUrNa saMvara ko upAdeya mAnakara puNyAsrava ko bhI heya kI zreNi meM sthApita karate haiM jo kathamapi samIcIna nahIM hai| jaba taka mukti kI prApti nahIM hotI hai taba taka puNya kA Asrava upAdeya hI hai| mukti ke anantara na koI tattva upAdeya rahatA hai na hI heya, kyoMki mukta jIva ina tattvoM kI heyopAdeyatA se upara uTha jAtA hai| ___ pustaka ke lekhaka AdaraNIya loDhA sAhaba Agama evaM karma siddhAnta ke vizeSajJa haiN| Apa digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM paramparAoM ke sAhitya kA anakezaH Asrava-saMvara tattva [101]

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pArAyaNa kara cuke haiN| adhIta granthoM kA cintana-manana karate hue satya kA anveSaNa karane meM samarpita vidvAna haiN| Apa mAtra bauddhika vyAyAma meM vizvAsa nahIM karate, apita dharma ko jIvana kA unnAyaka svIkAra karate haiN| Apa sarala svabhAvI, dhyAnasAdhanA ke abhyAsI, sat-asat ke vivekI sAdhanAzIla aura jaina dharma ke hitaiSI manISI haiN| yaha kahate hue mana ko pIr3A hotI hai ki loDhA sAhaba ke dvArA puNya-pApa tattva meM prakaTa kie gae vicAroM para vidvAnoM kI koI vizeSa pratikriyA prApta nahIM huii| saMbhava hai unake vicAra prabhAvakArI siddha hue hoM, kintu pracalita mAnyatA ke virodha meM satya ko svIkAra karanA evaM svIkArokti denA sabake lie sahaja nahIM hotA hai| jaina sAdhana-paddhati meM sUkSmatA evaM vizuddhi kA pade-pade sanniveza hai| mUla meM karmoM kA bandhana jaba taka na ho taba taba Asrava bhI vizeSa aniSTakArI nahIM hotA hai| kaSAya kI upasthiti meM Asrava ke anantara karmoM kA bandhana hotA hI hai, isalie Asrava anupAdeya hai| Asrava ke samaya sAdhaka sajaga ho jAya to vaha bandhana kI prakriyA ko zithila kara sakatA hai| karmoM ke Asrava ko rokane ke lie saMvara kI sAdhanA hai| Asrava aura saMvara meM yoga kI pradhAnatA hotI hai jabaki bandha aura nirjarA meM kramazaH kaSAya-kaSAyajaya kA prAdhAnya hotA hai| mana-vacana aura kAyA kI pravRtti ko yoga kahA gayA hai, isase AtmA-pradezoM meM sampadana hotA hai tathA AkAza meM vidyamAna karma-pudgala AtmA ko ora AkarSita hote haiM, jise bandha kahA jAtA hai| zubha Asrava ko puNyAsava evaM azubha Asrava ko pApAsrava kahA jAtA hai| AgamoM ke Asrava ke jina 20 bhedoM yA 42 bhedoM kA ullekha AtA hai ve pApAsava ke hI bheda haiM, puNyAsrava ke bhedoM ko koI ullekha nahIM hai| isakA kAraNa yahI pratIta hotA hai ki Asrava tattva kA pratipAdana pApa ke Asrava ko hI AdhAra banAkara kiyA gayA hai| saMvara ke 20 aura 57 bheda pratipAdita haiN| prastuta pustaka ke 'kaSAya kI kamI se puNyAsava aura kaSAya kI vRddhi se pApAsrava' prakaraNa se nirUpaNa karate hue kahA hai phalitArtha yaha hai ki kaSAya ke kSaya se do prakAra ke phala milatA haiM yathA(1) pApa karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai evaM (2) puNya karmoM kA upArjana hotA hai athavA yoM kaheM ki kaSAya kSaya kA AbhyaMtarika phala kSamA, saralatA, mRdutA Adi dharmoM kI [102] jainatattva sAra

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upalabdhi honA hai aura bAhya phala sAtAvedanIya, ucca gotra, zubha nAma Adi puNya prakRtiyoM kA upArjana honA bhautika vikAsa evaM phala hai| (pR. 115) prastuta pustaka meM lekhaka dvArA samaya-samaya para likhe gae Asrava-saMvara se sambaddha 39 lekha saMkalita haiN| inameM prArambha ke 2 lekha Asrava aura saMvara tattva ke svarUpa aura AdhAra kI vivecanA karate haiM tathA zeSa lekhoM ko Asrava aura saMvara ke mithyAtva-samyaktva Adi pA~ca bhedoM ke AdhAra para vargIkRta kiyA gayA hai| lekhoM ke pA~ca varga yA khaNDa haiM- 1. mithyAtva-samyaktva 2. avirati- virati 3. pramAdaapramAda 4. kaSAya-akaSAya 5. ashubh-shubh| loDhA sAhaba kI pratipAdana zailI pratipAdya viSaya ke marma ko sparza karatI hai evaM use vibhinna yuktiyoM ke sAtha spaSTa karane hetu sannaddha rahatI hai| Apane samyagdarzana aura mithyAtva kA Agamika vizeSaNa prastuta karate huye mithyAtva ke daza prakAra kA AdhyAtmika vivecana kiyA hai| unmArga ko sanmArga mAnane ke rUpa mithyAtva kI vivecanA karate hue Apane likhA hai __ "viSaya-vikAroM evaM bhogoM ke tyAga ke lakSya se kI gaI pravRtti sanmArga hai aura viSaya-bhogoM kI prApti ke lie kI gaI pravRtti-nivRtti (tyAga-tapa) unmArga hai| unmArga ko sanmArga mAnanA mithyAtva hai|"... "karuNA, dayA, dAna, vaiyAvRtya, sevA, paropakAra, namaskAra, mRdutA, mitratA Adi samasta satpravRttiyoM ko puNya bandha kA hetu kahakara inheM saMsAra paribhramaNa kA kAraNa mAnanA sanmArga ko unmArga mAnane rUpa mithyAtva hai| kAraNa ki prathama to puNya karma kI samasta 42 prakRtiyA~ pUrNa rUpa se aghAtI haiN| arthAt inase jIva ke kisI bhI guNa kA aMza mAtra bhI ghAta nahIM hotA, ataH ye akalyANakArI hai hI nhiiN| dvitIya, karma siddhAnta kA yaha niyama hai ki puNya kA utkarSa, paripUrNa hone ke pUrva yadi sAtA vedanIya, ucca gotra, Adeya, yaza kIrti, manuSya gati, devagati Adi puNya-prakRtiyoM kA Asrava aura bandha nahIM hotA hai to asAtA vedanIya, nIca, gotra, anAdeya, ayazakIrti, naraka gati, tiryaMca gati Adi pApa prakRtiyoM kA Asrava aura bandha avazya hotA hai| ataH puNya ke Asrava kA nirodha va virodha karanA pApa ke Asrava va bandha kA AhvAna va AmantraNa karanA hai| jo ghora mithyAtva hai| tRtIya, dayA, dAna Adi sadpravRttiyoM se puNya kA jitanA upArjana hotA hai, usase anaMta guNA puNya ke anubhAga kA sarjana Asrava-saMvara tattva [103]

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saMyama, tyAga, tapa va zreNIkaraNa kI sAdhanA se hone vAlI AtmA-pavitratA se hotA hai| ataH puNya ko saMsAra-bhramaNa ko kAraNa mAnane vAloM ko saMyama, tyAga, tapa, zreNIkaraNa Adi mukti-prApti kI sAdhanAoM ko bhI saMsArabhramaNa kA kAraNa mAnanA par3egA, jo ghora mithyAtva hai| (pRSTha 32-33) lekhaka ne darzana guNa, darzanopayoga aura samyagdarzana meM bheda kA pratipAdana samyak rIti se kiyA hai| AdhyAtmika kSetra meM samyagdarzana aura bheda vijJAna ko ekArthavAcI pratipAdita kiyA hai| avirati-virati khaNDa meM vrata evaM tyAga kA mahattva pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| vrata svIkAra karane para vyakti saMyamIbanatA hai jisase Asrava kA nirodha hotA hai| vrata kI AvazyakatA kA pratipAdana karate hue lekhaka ne kahA hai-"vrata na lenA apane Apako yuddha ke khule maidAna meM asurakSita chor3a denA hai, jahA~ para saba ora se prahAra va AkramaNa kI AzaMkA evaM bhaya sadA banA rahatA hai| vrata durga ke samAna hai, jisakA Azraya grahaNa kara vyakti apane ko pralobhana, bhaya Adi astroM ke prahAroM, AkramaNoM va tUphAnoM surakSita rakha sakatA hai| (pRSTha 55) prAyaH doSoM kI kamI hone para vyakti santuSTa dekhA jAtA hai, kintu pustaka ke lekhaka kA mantavya hai ki doSoM kI kamI to nimitta kAraNoM ke abhAva va duHkha ke bhaya se bhI ho sakatI hai, isalie mahattva doSoM kI kamI kA nahIM, apitu doSoM ke tyAga kA hai| tyAga se hI sukha, zAnti evaM mukti kI prApti saMbhava hai| AvazyakatA hai ahaMtva evaM mamatva kA tyAga karane kii| katipaya cintakoM kI yaha mAnyatA hai ki carama bhoga ke pazcAt Ubane ke kAraNa usakA svataH tyAga kara diyA jAtA hai, kintu lor3hA sAhaba ne isa mAnya kA khaNDana karate hue pratipAdita kiyA hai ki atibhoga ke pazcAt bhI bhogane kI kAmanA jyoM kI tyoM zeSa rahatI hai| bhoga bhogane se virakti hotI to pratyeka vyakti khAne-pIne, dekhane-sunane ke bIsoM bhoga bhogatA hai, isa prakAra Aja taka hajAroM-lAkhoM bAra bhoga bhoga liye| ataH aba taka virakti ho jAnI cAhie thii| parantu dekhA jAtA hai ki manuSya jitanA adhika bhoga bhogatA jAtA hai, utanI usakI bhoga-vAsanA puSTa va prabala hotI jAtI hai| ( pRSTha 81) bhoga to bhava-bhramaNa kA kAraNa hai| isake viparIta Aja ke yuga meM zrAvaka dharma ko apanAne kI mahatI AvazyakatA hai| zrAvaka dharma meM ahiMsA, satya, acaurya. [104] jainatattva sAra

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- brahmacarya aura parigraha-parimANa nAmaka aNuvratoM kA pAlana kara vyakti apane jIvana ko samasyArahita banA sakatA hai| zrAvaka dharma ke pAlana se hiMsA, krUratA, avizvAsa, zoSaNa, durAcAra, viSamatA, saMgharSa Adi doSa ghaTate evaM miTate haiM evaM ahiMsA, AtmIyatA, sahRdayatA, vizvAsa, prAmANikatA, naitikatA, sadAcAra, samatA Adi sadguNoM kA poSaNa, pracAra evaM prasAra hotA hai| zramaNa dharma bhI saMvara evaM nirjarA kI sAdhanA rUpa dharma hai / pA~ca samiti va tIna gupti kA pAlana saMvara-sAdhanA kA utkRSTa rUpa hai / prasaMgavaza ahiMsA kI vyApaka carcA bhI pustaka kI upayogitA ko siddha karatI hai / lekhaka ne sakAratmaka ahiMsA ko dharma ke rUpa meM pratipAdita kiyA hai| daridratA aura aparigraha meM antara batAte hue kahA hai - "bAhya dRSTi se donoM eka se lagate haiM, parantu Abhyantara rUpa se va pariNAma me mahAna antara hai / daridra ke pAsa vastu yA dhana ne hone para bhI usake dila meM vastu yA dhana kA mUlya, dhana kA mahattva, dhana kI abhilASA evaM dhana kI ruci rahatI hai jabaki aparigrahI cAroM ora vastuoM se ghirA hone para bhI usane jala-kamalavat alipta rahatA hai / (pRSTha 181 ) pratyAkhyAna, vosirAmi aura micchami dukkaDaM meM bheda kA pratipAdana karate hue lekhaka ne kahA hai ki pratyAkhyAna se navIna karma baMdhanA rukatA hai, vosirAmi se udayamAna karma prabhAvahIna ho jAte haiM, tathA micchAmi dukkaDaM se pUrva baMdhe karma - niSprANa, sattvahIna va rasahIna ho jAte haiM / ( pRSTa 181 ) pramAda ko tyAgakara apramAda ko apanAne kI preraNA karane hetu isa prastaka meM do lekha sammilita haiM / kaSAya akaSAya ke antargata eka atyanta mahatvapUrNa lekha hai- 'kaSAya kI kamI se puNyAsrava kI gahana carcA karate hue sAtA - asAtAvedanIya, zubhaazubha Ayu, zubha-azubha nAma karma aura ucca evaM nIca gotra ke upArjana ke hetuoM kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| isa prakaraNa meM Apane kahA hai ki kaSAya ke kSaya ke do prakAra ke phala milate haiM- 1. pApa karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai / 2. puNya karma kA upArjana hotA hai athavA yoM kaheM ki kaSAya kA kSaya kA AbhyaMtarika phala, kSamA, saralatA, mRdutA Adi dharmoM kI upalabdhi honA hai aura bAhya phala sAtAvedanIya, ucca mitra, nAma Adi kA evaM zubha pravRttiyoM kA upArjana honA hai| lekhaka ne yaha bhI spaSTa kiyA hai ki pApa prakRtiyoM kA kSaya aura puNya prakRtiyoM kA upArjana anubhAga bandha kI nyUnAdhikatA kI apekSA samajhanA caahie| (pRSTha 195 ) karuNA jIva kA svabhAva hai, vibhAva - Asrava-saMvara tattva [ 105 ]

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nhiiN| isI prakAra maitrI bhAva, mArdava Adi dharma bhI sAdhanA meM sahAyaka haiN| samabhAva kI sAdhanA sAmAyika se Asrava kA nirodha rUpa saMvara hotA hai| japa sAdhanA, mauna sAdhanA, bhakti upAsanA aura anya sat pravRttiyA~ bhI saMvara meM sahAyaka hai| Asrava aura saMvara tattva ke bodha ke sAtha AdhyAtmika sAdhanA ke bodha hetu bhI yaha pustaka upAdeya hai| 000 [106] jainatattva sAra

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nirjarA tattva nirjarA tattva kA svarUpa evaM bheda karmakSaya kI sAdhanA nirjarA hai| nirjarA kA AdhAra tapa hai| ataH tapa ke bhedoM ko jAnanA Avazyaka hai| anazana, UNodarI Adi tapa ke bAraha bheda karma-nirjarA ke kramika vikAsa ke dyotaka haiN| nirjarA kA Azaya hai karmoM kA nirjarita honA- karmoM kA jhar3anA, kSaya honA, baMdhanamukta honaa| apane se bhinna 'para' se sambandha jur3anA hI baMdhanA hai, baMdhana hai| baMdhana usase hotA hai jisase kisI bhI prakAra ke sukhabhoga kI AzA ho| jisase sukha-bhoga milatA hai, usake prati rAga hotA hai| kisI ke prati rAga honA hI usase baMdhanA hai| isI prakAra jisase sukha-bhoga meM bAdhA par3atI hai usake prati dveSa hotA hai| kisI ke prati dveSa honA bhI usase baMdhanA hai| isa prakAra rAga-dveSa ye do hI baMdha ke kAraNa haiN| jinake prati rAga yA dveSa nahIM hai unase isa kSaNa bhI jIva baMdhanarahita hI hai| ataH rAga-dveSa se rahita honA hI baMdhana mukta honA hai| baMdhana-mukta hone kI prakriyA hI nirjarA tattva hai| baMdhana mukta hone ke do upAya haiN| prathama upAya hai naye baMdhana na baaNdhnaa| ise saMvara kahA hai| kyoMki baMdhana vahIM hotA hai, jahA~ rAga (aTecameMTa) hai| viSaya-bhoga ke sukhoM meM Asakti honA rAga hai| naye viSaya-bhogoM kI kAmanA karanA tathA kAmanA pUrti ke sukha kA bhoga karanA navIna rAga ko janma denA hai yaha hI naye baMdhana ko paidA karanA hai| rAga yA viSaya-sukhoM ke bhogoM se hI samasta vikAra, doSa va pApa utpanna hote haiM va Tikate haiN| ata: navIna viSaya-bhogoM ke rAga kI utpatti na karanA, naye vikAra, doSa va pApa na karanA navIna baMdhana ko rokanA, saMvara hai| purAne baMdhanoM ko nirjarA tattva [107]

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tor3anA, naSTa karanA, kSaya karanA nirjarA hai| purAne baMdhanoM ko tor3ane ke lie aMta:karaNa (kArmaNa yA kAraNa zarIra) meM, sattA meM vidyamAna evaM udayamAna bhoga-vAsanAoM kA kSaya karanA hai arthAt tyAganA hai| tyAga ke do rUpa haiN| prathama rUpa hai navIna vAsanAoM, doSoM ko utpanna karane kA tyAga karanA ise saMvara kahA hai| isa tyAga se navIna sambandha utpanna honA arthAt navIna baMdha honA baMda ho jAtA hai| tyAga kA dUsarA rUpa hai- udayamAna vAsanAoM ko, bhogecchAoM ko tyAganA arthAt jo bhoga bhogate Ae haiM, unake prati rAga-Asakti (Attachment) ko tor3anA, ghaTAnA- kSaya karanA, isI ko nirjarA (tapa) kahA hai| nirjarA kA svarUpa : akAma-sakAma nirjarA pUrva saMcita karmoM kA kSaya hone rUpa nirjarA ke do prakAra hai:- 1. akAma nirjarA-karmoM ke svataH udaya meM Ane se athavA kisI nimitta se udaya meM Ane se, una karmoM ko bhogane se hone vAlI nirjarA, ise savipAka va akAma nirjarA kahA jAtA hai| 2. sakAma nirjarA- udaya meM lAe biga hI tapa se karmoM ko kSaya karane se hone vAlI karma nirjarA, ise avipAka va sakAma nirjarA kahate haiN| yahA~ ina donoM prakAra kI nirjarAoM ke sparUpa para vicAra karate haiN| akAma nirjarA karma kA phala bhoganA hI karma kA udaya hai| phalarahita karma niSphala hai| karma kA phala usake rasa se milatA hai| ataH karmodaya meM rasa kI hI pradhAnatA hai, sthiti va pradeza ke udaya kI nhiiN| rasodaya ko hI anubhAga udaya, anubhAva udaya athavA vipAka udaya kahA hai| rasa (sukha) lenA hI bhoga bhoganA hai| jaba bhoga meM pravRtti hotI hai taba pravRtti se zakti kSINa hotI hai tathA bhogajanya rasa yA sukha vAstavika sukha nahIM hotA hai, sukhAbhAsa hotA hai| ataH karma ke bhoga (udaya) se janya sukha pratikSaNa kSINa hotA jAtA hai aura kSINa hote-hote anta meM rasahIna ho jAtA hai| rasa kA kSINa honA, rasahIna honA, karma ke udaya kA na rahanA hai, karma kA kSaya va nirjarA honA hai| ise udAharaNa se samajheM- jaise kisI vyakti ne tAjamahala dekhA, usa bahuta sundara lagA va harSa-sukha huaa| dhIre-dhIre vaha rasa kSINa hotA gayA aura kucha samaya ke pazcAt vaha rasa yA sukha bilkula na rahA aura vaha vyakti vahA~ se calane kI taiyArI karane lgaa| use dekhane meM rasa AnA, rasa kA bhoga karanA, karma kA, rAga kA, rati kA udaya thaa| vaha rasa aba nahIM rahA aura, rasa na rahanA hI udaya na rahanA hai| [108] jainatattva sAra

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yaha niya hai ki jo udaya hotA hai vaha asta hotA hai| udaya kA vyaya hotA hai| karma ke udaya kA rasa pratikSaNa kSINa hotA hai, ataH karma kI yaha nirjarA nisarga se pratyeka jIva ke pratikSaNa ho rahI hai| karma kA jo bhI udaya hotA hai, vaha nirjarita hI hotA hai| isa nirjarA ko nirjarA tattva meM grahaNa nahIM kiyA hai| kyoMki isa nirjarA ke sAtha bhoga lagA huA hai| bhoga se navIna karmoM kA baMdha hotA hai| ataH aisI nirjarA hone ko koI artha nahIM hai| isakA koI mahattva nahIM hai| arthahIna aura mahattvahIna hone se sAdhanA meM isakA sthAna nahIM hai| jIva ke dvArA binA kAmanA kie svataH hI hone se isa nirjarA ko 'akAma nirjarA' kahate haiM tathA yaha nirjarA karma kA vipAka arthAt udaya hone para hotI hai, ataH ise 'savipAka nirjarA' bhI kahate haiN| yaha akAma savipAka nirjarA chaH kAyoM meM pratyeka jIva ke pratikSaNa hotI hai| sakAma nirjarA dUsare prakAra kI nirjarA hai pUrva saMcita karmoM ko udaya meM lAye binA hI arthAt binA phala bhoge kI nirjarita kara denaa| isake lie karma-baMdha kI prakriyA ko samajhAnA hogaa| bhoga se hI karma baMdhate haiM, zarIra, indriya, mana, buddhi Adi ke mAdhyama se athavA dravya, kSetra, kAla Adi ke nimitta se anukUlatA meM sukhI honA, pratikUlatA meM du:khI honA bhoga hai| jisa vastu, vyakti, paristhiti Adi ke nimitta se sukha bhogA jAtA hai, harSa hotA hai usake prati harSa, rati va rAga utpanna hotA hai aura usake sAtha rAgAtmaka saMbaMdha sthApita ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra jina nimittoM se duHkha bhogA jAtA hai kSobha hotA hai, unake arati va dveSa utpanna hotA hai usake sAtha dveSAtmaka saMbaMdha sthApita ho jAtA hai| kisI ke sAtha saMbaMdha sthApita honA, sambandha jur3anA hI baMdha hai| sambandha jur3anA hI baMdha hai| sambandha sthApita hue binA baMdha nahIM hotA hai| udAharaNa ke lie pratyeka prANI kI indriyoM ke samakSa agaNita viSayavastueM upasthita hotI rahatI hai| vaha kAna se agaNita zabda sunatA hai, nayana se agaNita vastue~ dekhatA hai| una sunAI dene vAle zabdoM aura dikhAI dene vAlI vastuoM meM se jinaka prati AkarSaNa hotA hai, rAga hotA hai va harSa hotA hai, unase vaha prabhAvita hotA hai| isa prabhA kA uke anta:karaNa, kArmaNa(kAraNa) zarIra para aMkita ho jAnA, karma baMdha honA hai| parantu jina zabdoM va vastuo ke prati kucha bhI pratikriyA nahIM karatA hai, udAsIna rahatA hai, rAga-dveSa nahIM karatA hai, rati-arati, harSa-zoka nahIM karatA hai, usase sambandha sthApita nahIM hotA hai, unakA prabhAva nahIM par3atA hai, unase karma baMdha nahIM hotA hai| ataH karma-baMdha kA kAraNa rAga-dveSa arthAt rati nirjarA tattva [109]

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arati hai| isake viparIta jahA~ rati-arati nahIM hai, virati jahA~ rati-arati nahIM hai, virati hai vahA~ karma-baMdha nahIM hai| virati vahIM hotI hai jahA~ udayamAna karmoM meM, nimittoM meM rati-arati, rAga-dveSa, harSa-kSobha-zoka nahIM hai, samabhAva hai| viSayoM ke prati rati-ruci, harSa rAga kA janaka hai aura arati, aruci, zoka, kSobha, khinnatA dveSa ke janaka haiN| rAga-dveSa na honA hI samabhAva hai| virati arthAt saMyama, saMvara, samabhAva se navIna karmoM kA baMdha rukatA hai aura pUrva meM saMcita pApa-karmoM ke anurAga kI apakarSaNa rUpa nirjarA hotI hai| anukUla-pratikUla nimittoM ke saMyoga (saMga) meM samabhAva rakhanA virati, saMyama va saMvara hai aura pratikUlatA va duHkha kA svAgata karanA, unase prabhAvita na honA tapa hai| jaise bhUkha lagane para bhojana karane meM svAda ke prati rAga-dveSa, ratiarati na karanA, samabhAva rakhanA saMvara hai, saMyama hai aura bhojana kA tyAga karanA, upavAsa karanA, bhUkha ke duHkha se prabhAvita na honA, zarIra se asaMga honA tapa hai| saMvara meM samabhAva kI pradhAnatA hai aura tapa meM asaMganA kI pradhAnatA hai| asaMgatA se tAdAtmya TUTatA hai, sambandha viccheda hotA hai| saMbaMdha viccheda honA hI karmoM kA kSaya honA hai, karma nirjarA honA hai, svAdhIna honA hai, mukta honA hai, saMyama va saMvara se nayA sambandha nahIM jur3atA hai, aura tapa se saMbaMdha TUTanA karma-kSaya (nirjarA honA hai| tapa phala bhoge hI hotI hai| ataH ise avipAka nirjarA kahA jAtA hai| yaha nirjarA prANI ke puruSArtha se, prayatna se, sAdhanA se hotI hai, ataH ise sakAma nirjarA bhI kahA jAtA hai| karma-nirjarA kI prakriyA : tapa jisake dvArA pUrva saMcita karma kSINa hoM, use nirjarA kahate haiN| nirjarA ke do rUpa hai: - (1) savipAka nirjarA arthAt prAkRtika rUpa se hone vAlI nirjarA aura (2) avipAka nirjarA arthAt sAdhanAtmaka rUpa nirjraa| ___ savipAka nirjarA - pUrvabaddha evaM saMcita karmoM kI paripAka avasthA prApta hone para, svataH udaya meM AnA aura phalabhoga dvArA nirjarita va vinaSTa honA savipAka nirjarA hai| yaha karmakSaya kI prAkRtika prakriyA hai| savipAka nirjarA saMsAra ke pratyeka prANI ke karmodaya ke rUpa meM nisargataH pratikSaNa ho rahI hai| yadi prANI karmaphala ke bhoga meM rasa letA hai arthAt rAga-dveSa karatA hai to vaha navIna karmabaMdha karatA hai| sAdhAraNataH savipAka nirjarA meM karma-kSaya ke sAtha karmabaMdha jur3A hai| isa prakAra [110] jainatattva sAra

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savipAka nirjarA meM karma-kSaya aura karma-baMdha kA cakra nirantara calatA rahatA hai aura prANI kabhI bhI baMdhana mukta nahIM hotA hai| jisa prakAra gehU~ kA bIja paudhA banakara phala dene ke pazcAt svayaM naSTa ho jAtA hai, parantu apane jaise aneka naye bIja paidA kara jAtA hai| isa prakAra vaha bIja saMtati rUpa meM satata vidyamAna rahatA hai| isI prakAra savipAka nirjarA rUpa prAkRtika prakriyA meM karmo kA 'Atyantika kSaya' anantabhava va anantakAla meM bhI saMbhava nahIM hai| kAraNa ki yadi bhogane se hI karmoM kA sarvathA nAza saMbhava hotA to ananta jIva, ananta kAla se anaMta bhavoM meM karmo kA phala bhogate A rahe haiM, unameM se kisI eka jIva ke to karmoM kA nAza huA hotaa| ataH nirjarA kI prAkRtika prakriyA savipAka nirjarA mukti dilAne meM samartha evaM sahAyaka nahIM hai| avipAka nirjarA :- karmakSaya kI vaha prakriyA, jisase prANI pUrvasaMcita karmoM ko binA phala bhoge, paripAka kAla se pUrva hI vinaSTa kara detA hai, avipAka nirjarA kahI gaI hai| avipAka nirjarA hI sAdhanA kA aMga hai| avipAka nirjarA ko 'tapa' bhI kahA jAtA hai| tapasA nirjarA ca' (tatvArtha sUtra, adhyayana 9 sUtra 3) sUtra ke anusAra tapa meM saMvara to rahatA hI hai aura tapa se nirjarA bhI hotI hai arthAt tapa saMvara se bhI Upara kI sAdhanA hai| jisa prakAra tApa se bIja bhasma ho jAtA hai yA bhasma nahIM hotA taba bhI tApa se usakI sarasatA naSTa ho jAtI hai jisase vaha niSprANa ho jAtA hai aura phala dene meM asamartha ho jAtA hai; isI prakAra tapa se karma kSINa yA niSprANa ho jAte haiN| unameM phala dene kA sAmarthya nahIM rahatA hai| jisa prakAra bIja me phala dene kI zakti usakI sarasatA meM hai, sarasatA kA aMta hote hI vaha niSprANa ho jAtA hai, isI prakAra karmoM meM phala dene kI zakti unakI 'sarasatA' (sukhAsakti) arthAt kaSAya meM hai| kaSAya ke kSINa hote hI 'rasa baMdha' naSTa ho jAtA hai| rasa baMdha' ke naSTa hote hI sthiti baMdha' naSTa ho jAtA hai| ina donoM baMdhoM ke nAza hote hI 'prakRti' va 'pradeza' baMdha kA nAza ho jAtA hai kAraNa ki prakRti baMdha ko sajIva rakhane vAlA rasabaMdha hai evaM pradeza baMdha ko TikAne vAlA sthiti baMdha hai| ina cAroM prakAra ke karma baMdhoM ke kSaya hote hI karma khira nirjarA tattva [111]

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jAte haiM, nirjarita ho jAte haiN| phalitArtha yaha hai ki binA phala bhoge hI karmo ke kSaya kA upAya hai - kaSAya kA kssy| kaSAyakSaya kA upAya hI nirjarA yA tapa rUpa sAdhanA hai| jisa prakAra tApa se eka-eka bIja bhasma na hokara agaNita bIja eka sAtha bhasma ho jAte haiM, isI prakAra tapa se eka-eka karma bhasma yA kSaya na hokara asaMkhya karmoM kA eka sAtha kSaya hotA hai| karma-kSaya kA upAya kaSAya-kSaya hai aura kaSAya-kSaya kA upAya hai kaSAya ko nirjIva bnaanaa| kaSAya sajIva rahatA hai rAga ke rasa se arthAt rati yA sukha lolupatA se| sukha lolupatA kA kAraNa hai sukha bhoga kI mdhurtaa| jaise sarpa ke viSa ke prabhAva se mAnava moha grasta ho jAtA hai aura sudha-budha khokara jar3atA ko prApta ho jAtA hai, isI prakAra sukha kI madhuratA se grasta vyakti moha, pramAda va jar3atA ko prApta ho jAtA hai jo mRtyu tulya hai| itanA hI nahIM, viSa ke sevana se to eka bAra prANAnta hotA hai, parantu viSaya-kaSAya ke sukha ke bhogI ko aneka bAra janma-maraNa kI asahya vedanA sahanI par3atI hai| sukha-lolupatA hI samasta doSoM, karma-bandhanoM va asAdhanoM kI jananI hai| sukha-lolupatA, sukha kA pralobhana, sukha kI dAsatA, sukha bhoga kI ruci, sukha kI AzA, Asakti Adi sukha-bhoga rUpa rati yA avirati ke hI vividha rUpa haiN| rati na ho to doSoM kI utpatti hI na ho| doSa hI du:kha ke janaka haiN| svabhAva se hI duHkha kisI ko bhI priya nahIM hai| duHkha kA anta karane kA prayatna sabhI karate haiM, parantu prANI phala rUpa duHkha kA hI anta karanA cAhatA hai, du:kha ke mUla doSoM' yA rati yA sukha lolupatA kA aMta nahIM krtaa| isase du:kha kA, bandhana kA Atyantika kSaya nahIM ho pAtA hai| parAdhInatAjanita sukha kA bhoga karate evaM sukha bhoga kI ruci rahate duHkhoM kA anta karane kA prayatna niSphala prayatna hai| jisa prakAra zarIra meM utpanna roga kA lakSaNa, roga kA pariNAma hai, kAraNa nhiiN| roga ke lakSaNa rUpa meM prakaTa hone para rogI ko du:kha va pIr3A hotI hai jise dUra karane ke lie rogI davA letA hai, jisase zarIra para prakaTa lakSaNa kucha kAla ke lie lupta ho jAte haiM, parantu zarIra ke bhItara roga yA vikAra taba taka jyoM ke tyoM vidyamAna rahate haiM jaba taka unakI utpatti ke kAraNoM kA nivAraNa na ho| roga kI utpatti ke kAraNa ko dUra na kara lakSaNa ko dUra karanA, roga ko dabAnA mAtra hai| roga ke lakSaNa ko dabAkara roga ko miTA samajhanA [112] jainatattva sAra

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bhUla hai, kyoMki roga kA vAstavika anta to vikArotpatti ke kAraNa ke anta se hI sambhava hai| yahI siddhAnta vyAvahArika jIvana para bhI caritArtha hotA hai| 'duHkha' doSoM yA vikAroM ke pariNAmarUpa lakSaNa hai| duHkha ko vastu Adi sukha kI sAmagrI kI pUrti kara dUra karanA use dabAnA mAtra hai| isase du:kha kA anta nahIM hotA hai| duHkha kA anta to taba hI saMbhava hai jaba duHkha ke kAraNabhUta mUla doSoM ko dUra kiyA jaay| doSoM ko vidyamAna rakhate hue duHkha kA anta karane kA prayatna karanA niSphala prayAsa hai, bhUla hai| isI bhUla ke kAraNa prANI aba taka du:kha se mukta nahIM ho sakA hai| phala kA vinAza vAstavika vinAza nahIM hai, mUla kA vinAza hI vAstavika vinAza hai| du:kha phala hai aura doSajanita sukha ke bhoga kI ruci yA lolupatA isakA mUla hai| sukhabhoga kI ruci evaM sukha-lolupatA ke anta meM hI du:kha ke mUla kA anta nihita hai| sukhabhoga kI lolupatA ke nAza meM hI du:kha kA nAza nihita hai| sukha lolupatA ke anta kA upAya hai- sukha meM duHkha kA darzana krnaa| sukha meM du:kha ke darzana kA upAya hai- duHkha ko sajIva bnaanaa| sajIva du:kha vaha hai jo duHkha itanA asahya ho jAya ki du:khI vyakti vidyamAna duHkha ke nivAraNa se santuSTa na hokara, du:kha ke mUla kAraNa 'sukhalolupatA' ke nivAraNa ke lie udyata ho jaay| nirjIva du:kha vaha hai jo sukha kI AzA se daba jAya aura duHkha rUpa anubhava hI nahIM ho| isase duHkha ke maulika kAraNa ke nivAraNa ke prayatna kI jijJAsA hI utpanna nahIM hotaa| du:kha kI anubhUti tApa hai| tApa ko sajIva banAne kI kriyA tapa hai| tapa kA kArya hai doSajanita sukhabhoga kI ruci kA anta krnaa| sukhabhoga kA Azraya hai tana aura mn| tana-mana ke tAdAtmya yA tana-mana meM jIvana buddhi se hI sukha-bhoga kI ruci utpanna hotI hai| ataH sukha-bhoga kI ruci kA anta karane ke lie tana-mana se tAdAtmya bhAva haTAnA Avazyaka hai| zarIra se tAdAtmya bhAva haTAne kI kriyA bAhyatapa hai aura mana se tAdAtmya bhAva haTAne kI kriyA Abhyantara tapa hai| tapa ke bheda tapa do prakAra kA hai- bAhya tapa aura AbhyaMtara tp| jisa tapa se mukhyataH deha se sambadhita (dehAtma bhAva Adi) vikAra dUra hoM vaha bAhya tapa hai aura jisa tapa se mana yA anta:karaNa se sambaMdhita kAmanAe~, vAsanae~ Adi vikAra dUra hoM, vaha AbhyaMtara tapa hai| bAhya tapa ke chaha bheda hai aura AbhyaMntara tapa ke bhI chaha bheda haiN| nirjarA tattva [113]

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bAhya tapa aNasaNamUNoriyA bhikkhAyariyA ya rspriccaao| kAyA kileso, saMlINayA ya bajjho tavo hoi| bAhya tapa ke chaha bheda haiM-anazana UnodarI, vRtti-pratyAkhayAna (bhikSAcaryA), rasa-parityAga, kAyakleza aura prtisNliintaa| anazana- AhAra na karanA anazana kahA jAtA hai| AhAra tyAga se yahA~ abhiprAya rasanA indriyA~ kA AhAra anna, jala Adi bhojana kA tyAga to hai hI, sAtha hI zeSa indriyA~ kAna, A~kha, nAka, sparzana ke AhAra yA bhoga-sAmragI zravaNa, darzana sUMdhanA Adi ke bhogoM kA tyAga bhI hai arthAt tapa ke saMdarbha meM 'AhAra' kA artha hai indriyoM dvArA bhogya sAmagrI kA bhoga karanA aura 'AhAra' tyAga kA artha hai ina bhogoM kA tyAga krnaa| UnedarI-jIvana paryanta anazana nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| jIvana meM AhAra kI AvazyakatA hotI hI hai| ataH jaba AhAra karanA hI par3e to AhAra yA bhogya sAmragI kA bhoga jitanA kama kara sakeM utanA kama karanA UnodarI tapa hai| vRtti-pratyAkhyAna- jo bhojana karanA par3e usameM bhI vRttiyoM kA saMkoca karanA cAhie arthAt vividha prakAra ke rasa prada AhAra ko tyAganA vRtti pratyAkhyAna hai| isakA dUsarA nAma bhikSAcarI hai, jisakA artha hai- apanI rasa kI vRttiyoM kI pUrti karane hetu AhAra nahIM lenA, bhikSA meM sahaja hI jo AhAra mila jAe use grahaNa krnaa| bhikSAvRti vRttiyoM ke saMkoca kA sundara, sahaja, sugama rUpa hai| ___ rasa-parityAga- vRttiyoM ko sImita kara jo, bhojana le rahe haiM, usa bhojana meM bhI svAda yA rasa nahIM lenaa| samabhAva se udAsIna bhAva se use grahaNa karanA arthAt indriya viSayoM ko grahaNa karate hue unameM rAga-dveSa na karanA rasa-parityAga hai| kAya-kleza- kAyA para Ane vAle garmI, sardI, varSA Adi kaSToM se apane ko na bacAnA, unheM svecchA se samabhAva pUrvaka sahana karanA kAya-kleza tapa hai| pratisaMlInatA-indriya aura mana ke viSaya bhogoM gaI bahirmukhIvRtti ko mor3akara punaH apane Atma-svarUpa meM saMlIna karanA pratisaMlInatA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to bahirmukhIvRtti ko vimukha kA antarmukhI banAnA pratisaMlInatA hai| bAhya tapa kI parisImA kI sUcaka hai aura Abhyantara tapa kA praveza dvAra hai| mana, vacana aura kAyA [114] jainatattva sAra

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kI pravRttiyA~ sAdhaka ko bahirmukhI banAtI haiM, sva meM sthita nahIM hone detIM, kyoMki pravRtti meM rata yA tallIna rahate sAdhaka aMtarmukhI nahIM ho sakatA aura aMtarmukhI hue binA svabhAva meM sthita nahIM ho sakatA / ataH svAnubhUti karane ke lie yaha Avazyaka hai ki mana, vacana aura kAyA kI vRttiyA~ yA pravRttiyA~ jo bAhya viSayoM meM tallIna va saMlIna ho rahI haiM, unheM bAhya-viSayoM se vimukha kara sva meM lIna kiyA jaay| ise hI pratisaMlInatA yA pratyAhAra kahate haiM / pratisaMlInatA ke cAra prakAra haiM : 1. indriya pratisaMlInatA 2. kaSAya pratisaMlInatA 3. yoga pratisaMlInatA aura 4. viviktazayanAsana pratisaMlInatA / indriyoM ko viSayoM meM tallIna hone se rokanA indriya pratisaMlInatA hai / kaSAyajanya rAga-dveSa ke pravAha kA nirodha karanA kaSAya pratisaMlInatA hai / mana, vacana, kAyA kI duSpravRttiyoM kA nirodha karanA, inakI gupti karanA yoga pratisaMlInatA hai| zayana ( suSupti - gahana nidrA) meM saba kriyAoM se rahita ho jAte haiM, usI prakAra jAgRta meM suSuptivat honA vivikta zayanAsana hai / yaha jAgRtasuSupti arthAt pUrNa zAnta avasthA pratisaMlInatA kA carama rUpa hai| yaha Abhyantara tapa - sAdhanA kI bhUmi hai| isake abhAva meM ataMryAtrA arthAt Abhyantara tapa sambhava nahIM hai| Azaya yaha hai ki 'pratisaMlInatA' indriya, kaSAya va yoga kA saMvara va zIla hai / zIla pAlana se hI samAdhi sambhava hai| zayanAsana meM pUrNa zithilIkaraNa samAhita hai / vivikta zayanAsana pUrNa vizrAma, pUrNa saMvara hai| mantavya yaha hai ki prathama to sAdhaka yathAsambhava pravRtti kA pUrNa nirodha kare, phira bhI zArIrika AvazyakatA va sevA ke lie jo pravRtti karanI par3e, parAzraya lenA par3e use yathAsambhava kama se kama kare, navIna pravRtti kA AhvAna na kre| pravRtti karane meM apanA saMkalpa na rakhe arthAt kartRtva va bhoktRtva bhAva na Ane pAve, karanA hone meM badala jAye / yahI bAhya tapa kA kArya hai / jisa kriyA meM kartRtvabhAva nahIM hai, saMkalpa nahIM hai, rasa nahIM liyA jAtA hai, jo vAsanA se rahita hai, usa pravRtti yA kriyA kA saMskAra aMkita nahIM hotA hai, usase nayA karma nahIM baMdhatA hai| usakA saMvaraNasaMvara ho jAtA hai / pratisaMlInatA saMvara kI pUrNatA hai / uparyukta chahoM bAhya tapoM kA kArya viSaya-bhogoM kI pravRttiyoM yA azubha yogoM ke asaMyama kA tyAga karanA hai / azubha yogoM ke asaMyama ke tyAga se zubha yoga va saMyama kA pAlana svataH hotA hai jo sAdhaka ke lie Avazyaka hai / kahA bhI hai nirjarA tattva [115]

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egao viraI kujA, egao ya pvttnnN| asaMjame NiyatiM ca, saMjame va pvttnnN| uttarA. 31.2 sAdhaka eka ora se nivRtti kare aura eka ora pravRtti kare arthAt asaMyama se nivRtti kare aura saMyama meM pravRtti kre| uparyukta vivecana se spaSTa hai ki anazana se lekara pratisaMlInatA taka bAhya tapa kramazaH bhogoM ko ghaTAte hue pUrNa saMyamI banane kI sAdhanA hai| saMyamI sAdhaka meM hI antarmukhI hone kI pAtratA AtI hai| kyoMki bhogoM ke pravAha meM bahatA huA citta zAnta nahIM hotA hai, samatva bhAva nahIM AtA hai| samatva bhAva ke binA AbhyaMtara tapa saMbhava nahIM hai| AbhyaMtara tapa ke lie bAhya tapa Avazyaka hai| Abhyantara tapa prAyazcita, vinaya, vaiyAvRtya, svAdhyAya, dhyAna aura vyutsarga (kAyotsarga) ye chaha AbhyaMtara tapa haiN| prAyazcitta - pratisaMlInatA se citta jaba zAnta ho jAtA hai to usameM aMtaryAtrA karane kI sAmarthya va kSamatA A jAtI hai| aMtaryAtrA karate hue na cAhate hue bhI svataH vyartha cintana kA pravAha calane lagatA hai, vikalpa uThane lagate haiN| usa vyartha cintana kI dhArA ko draSTA hokara samatApUrvaka dekhane se arthAt usakA samarthana tathA virodha na kara upekSA karane se, asaMga hone se, usakA vizodhana hotA hai, vizodhana hone se AkulatA-vyAkulatA rUpa zalya miTa jAtA hai, vizalya karaNa ho jAtA hai arthAt pApa karmoM kA ghAta va nivAraNa hotA hai| yaha kArya Age vyutsarga tapa taka calatA hai arthAt pApa karmoM ke vikAroM kA vizodhana karane ke lie AtmAvalokana kara apane doSoM ko dUra karanA prAyazcitta hai| vinaya-ahaMbhAva (ahaMkAra) rahita honA vinaya hai| cetana jaba apane se bhinna anya padArtha se tadpa hotA hai taba hI ahaM yA maiM kA sarjana hotA hai| jaise cetana jaba dhana, vidyA, zarIra, pada Adi padArthoM se tadrUpa hotA hai taba maiM dhanI hU~ , maiM vidvAna hU~, maiM javAna hU~ , vRddha hU~, asundara hU~ , maiM pratiSThita hU~, Adi 'maiM' kI utpatti hotI hai| yadi isa maiM se Aropita padArtha dhana, vidyA, zarIra, pada Adi padArthoM se apane ko pRthak kara le to 'maiM' kA astitva miTakara kevala 'hai' sat, dhrauvya raha jAtA hai| sat, avinAzI sva kA svarUpa hai, yahI parama tattva paramAtmA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki 'maiM' kA [116] jainatattva sAra

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svatantra astitva nahIM hai, 'maiM' kA kevala bhAsa hotA hai| aMtaryAtrA karate hue draSTA se dRzya pRthak hai, yaha anubhava pratyakSa hotA hai, jisase 'maiM' kA bhAsamAna rUpa galane va visarjana hone lagatA hai| yaha ahaM rahita nija svarUpa kI ora agrasara honA hI vinaya hai| pratisaMlInatA aura prAyazcitta 'ahaMbhAva' miTAne ke sahAyaka tapa haiN| vaiyAvRttya- vinaya tapa se jaba 'maiM' zeSa nahIM rahatA hai taba 'hai' yA cetana tattva hI raha jAtA hai| yaha cetanatva saba jIvoM meM samAna hai| ataH use saba jIva Atmavat, nijasvarUpa lagate haiM phira koI parAyA nahIM rahatA hai| ataH usameM samasta jIvoM ke prati karuNA, AtmIyatA, maitrI va pramoda bhAva jAgRta hotA hai| maitrI va pramoda bhAva sarva-hitakArI pravRtti karane ke lie prerita karatA hai| sarvahitakArI pravRtti ko hI sevA va vaiyAvRtya kahA hai| sevA va vaiyAvRttya meM kartRtva bhAva tathA bhoktRtva bhAva (phala kI icchA) nahIM rahane se pApa karmoM kA baMdha nahIM hotA hai| abhiprAya yaha hai ki vaiyAvRttya se udayamAna rAga galatA hai, jisase vizuddhikaraNa, vizalyIkaraNa hotA hai evaM pApa karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai| vinaya tapa se 'maiM' kA visarjana ho jAne se viSayecchA va merApana-mamatva miTa jAtA hai, jisase svArthaparatA sarvahitakArI pravRtti meM pariNata ho jAtI hai| sarva hitakArI pravRtti doSa rahita hone se pApa karmoM kA baMdha nahIM hotA hai| sevAbhAva kisI karma ke va kaSAya ke udaya se nahIM hotA hai, ataH sevAbhAva jIva kA svabhAva hai, vibhAva nahIM hai| vibhAva miTAnA va svabhAva prakaTa karanA hI tapa kA kArya hai| ataH sevA yA vaiyAvRttya tapa hai| tapa se karmoM (pApa pravRttiyoM evaM prakRtiyoM) kI nirjarA hotI hai, pApa-karma-baMdha nahIM hotA hai| svAdhyAya- svAdhyAya kA artha hai sva kA adhyayana krnaa| sva kA adhyayana se abhipreta hai apane svabhAva kA adhyayana krnaa| yaha niyama hai ki jisakA adhyayana karanA hai usameM vicaraNa karanA Avazyaka hai| ataH svabhAva ke adhyayana ke lie svabhAva meM vicaraNa karanA hotA hai| svabhAva meM vicaraNa vibhAva meM vicaraNa ke nirodha karane se hI sambhava hai| vibhAva hai asat- vinAzI, prbhaav| asat carcA, asat (para) cintana, asat (para) cAha kA tyAga karane para hI svabhAva kA, sva kA adhyayana karanA sambhava hai| ataH aMtaryAtrA karate samaya sarva sAvadha yogoM, vibhAvoM ko tyAjya samajhakara inase to asaMga rahanA hI hai, sAtha hI antaryAtrA meM prakaTa hone vAlI divya dhvaniyoM, divya jyotiyoM Adi parivartanazIla vibhUtiyoM meM ramaNa na nirjarA tattva [117]

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karake inase bhI asaMga rahanA hai| kAraNa ki jahA~ 'para' kA, vinAzI kA, asat kA adhyayana hai vahA~ sva kA adhyayana sambhava nahIM hai / sva kA adhyayana apane svarUpa meM vicaraNa - ramaNa se hI sambhava hai / svabhAva kA jJAna hI zrutajJAna hai aura svabhAva kA adhyayana hI zrutajJAna kA adhyayana hai, svAdhyAya hai / dhyAna svAdhyAya tapa dvArA Atma-nirIkSaNa se yaha bodha hotA hai ki jaba viSaya, kaSAya, rAga, dveSa Adi doSoM va duSpravRttiyoM (pApoM) kA sevana kiyA jAtA hai taba citta meM saMkalpa-vikalpa, kartRtva, bhoktRtva bhAva paidA hote haiM, jisase svAbhAvika zAnti, svAdhInatA, prasannatA, nirbhayatA, nizciMtatA Adi Atma- guNoM kA apaharaNa ho jAtA hai aura doSamaya pravRtti ke tyAga se sahaja nivRtti hotI hai arthAt mana, vacana, kAyA kI pravRtti ruka jAtI hai jisase svataH dhyAna ho jAtA hai jaisAki AcArya nemicandra ne kahA hai mA ciTThaha, mA jaMpa, mA ciMtaha, kiM vi jeNa hoI thiro / iNameva paraM have jhANaM // appA appammi rao, dravya saMgraha - 59 dhyAtA! tU na to zarIra se koI ceSTA kara, na vANI se kucha bola aura na mana se kucha cintana kara, isa prakAra triyoga kA nirodha karane se tU sthira ho jAyegA / terI AtmA Atmarata ho jAyegI / yahI parama dhyAna hai / - dhyAna pUrNataH antarmukhI sAdhanA hai| dhyanA kI prakriyA ke anusAra antarmukhI ho, apane antara meM deha ke bhItara jahA~ cetanA vyApta hai, vahA~ jo saMvedana rUpa anubhava ho rahA hai, use taTastha bhAva se dekhA jAtA hai| vahA~ anukUla vedanA ke prati rAga, pratikUla vedanA ke prati dveSa nahIM karanA hai / isa prakAra rAga-dveSa rahita samabhAva meM rahate hue kevala darzana, kevala jJAna karanA hai| apanI ora se kucha nahIM karanA hai, na use burA mAnanA hai, na acchA mAnanA hai, na usakA samarthana karanA hai aura na virodha karanA hai, pratyuta taTastha rahanA hai| isase karma tvarita gati se udaya meM Ate haiN| jo karma saghana va jar3atA yukta hote haiM una karmoM kI saghanatA va jar3atA dUra karane kA upAya haiM, unheM vedhana kara dhunnaa| isase saghana karma khaNDa-khaNDa hokara bikhara jAte haiM, phira titara-bitara hokara nirjarita ho jAte haiM, isase saghanatA va jar3atA miTakara cinmayatA A jAtI hai| [118] jaitattva sA

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kAyotsarga dhyAna ke prabhAva se sampUrNa kAyA meM jaba cinmayatA kA anubhava hotA hai, kahIM para bhI jar3atA kA lezamAtra bhI doSa nahIM rahatA hai, sAtha hI sUkSma zarIra evaM kAraNa (kArmaNa) zarIra meM bhI asaMgatA ho jAtI hai, tAdAtmya TUTa jAtA hai taba dhyAtA ko apanI kAyA se spaSTa bhinnatA kA anubhava hotA hai| taba vaha ina saba zarIroM (kAyoM) se prabhAvita nahIM hotA hai, yahI dehAtIta avasthA kAyotsarga hai| kAyotsarga se sUkSmatama zarIra (kAraNa yA kArmaNa zarIra) meM sthita karma nIrasa, zuSka ho nirjIva ho jAte haiM aura taba ve jarjarita ho jAte haiN| jarjarita hone se jhar3a jAte haiM, nirjarita ho jAte haiM, khira jAte haiN| Abhyantara tapa se kaSAya-kSaya tAtparya yaha hai ki AbhyaMtara-tapa prAyazcitta se krodha kaSAya kA, vinaya-tapa se mAnava kaSAya kA, vaiyAvRttya tapa se mAyA kaSAya kA aura svAdhyAya, dhyAna evaM vyutsarga tapa se lobha kaSAya kA kSaya hotA hai| isakA artha yaha nahIM hai ki kisI eka tapa se kisI eka vizeSa kaSAya kA hI kSaya hotA hai| yaha niyama hai ki pratyeka doSa ke sAtha anya samasta doSa bhI nyUnAdhika jur3e rahate haiN| inameM se usa samaya udayamAna kriyAzIla doSa mukhya hotA hai aura anya doSa gauNa hote haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaba kisI bhI doSa se, kaSAya meM kamI hotI hai to anya doSoM va pApa karmoM ke apakarSaNa hotA hai aura jaba kisI doSa meM kaSAya meM vRddhi hotI hai to anya doSoM va pApa karmoM meM utkarSaNa hotA hai| karma bandha cAra prakAra kA hai 1. prakRti bandha 2. sthiti bandha 3. anubhAga bandha aura 4. pradeza bndh| inake bandha ke kAraNa yoga aura kaSAya haiM, jaisA ki kahA hai 'jogA payaDipaesaM tthiddannubhaagksaayaau|' paMcama karmagrantha gAthA 16 'jogA payaDipadesA ThidiaNubhAgaM kasAyado kuNaI' gommaTasAra-karmakANDa gAthA 247, dravya saMgraha 32, dhavalA pustaka 22 pRSTha 287 prakRti bandha aura pradeza bandha yoga se arthAt mana, vacana va kAyA kI pravRtti se hotA hai aura sthiti bandha tathA anubhAga bandha kaSAya rAga, dveSa, moha se hotA hai| yaha niyama hai ki pravRtti ke anurUpa hI prakRti (Adata) kA nirmANa hotA hai| jaise zarAba-guTakhA khAne se naze kI Adata par3atI hai aura usameM rasa lene se isakA prabhAva nirjarA tattva [119]

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aMkita hotA hai| jisa pravRtti meM jitanA adhika rAga-dveSa hotA hai, vaha prakRti utane hI adhika kAla taka Tikane vAlI hotI hai, arthAt adhika sthitivAlI hotI hai aura adhika rasa vAlI hotI hai, anubhAga bar3hatA hai| rasa yA anubhAga hI karma kA phala hai, udaya hai, vipAka hai| yaha pahale kaha Ae haiM ki pApa karma hI prANI ke lie aniSTakara hAni-kAraka hai / pApa karma kI prakRti azubha pravRtti se bandhatI hai aura pravRtti meM azubhatva rAgadveSa se AtA hai / mana, vacana aura kAyA kI pravRtti indriyoM ke viSayoM meM hotI hai / viSaya ke prati vikAra hotA hai taba pApa karma bandhatA hai| rAga-dveSa (Asakti) ke abhAva meM viSayoM se karma nahIM bandhatA hai jaisAki hameM A~kha kholate hI saiMkar3oM vastue~ dRSTigocara hotI haiM, parantu inake dRSTigocara hone se karma nahIM bandhatA hai| ina vastuoM meM se hama jisa vastu ke prati rAga yA dveSa karate haiM usI kA prabhAva hamArI AtmA para aMkita hotA hai, TikatA hai, va phala detA hai / prabhAva honA prakRti bandha hai, aMkita honA pradeza bandha hai, TikanA sthiti bandha hai, aura phala denA anubhAga bandha hai / pApa pravRttiyoM ke ye cAroM prakAra ke bandha rAga-dveSa va kaSAya se hI hote haiM / kahA bhI hai 'sakaSAyatvAjjIvaH karmaNo yogyAn pudgalAnAdatte / sa baMdhaH / - tattvArtha sUtra 8.2-3 ataH pApa kaSAyasahita jIva hI karmoM ke yogya pudgaloM ko grahaNa karatA hai, vaha bandha hai| ataH pApa karmoM kA bandha vahA~ hI hai, jahA~ kaSAya hai / kaSAya ke kriyAnvita hone para hI karma bandhatA hai / kaSAya mana, vacana, indriyoM ke mAdhyama se hI kriyAnvita hotA hai| pa - kriyAoM se, pravRtti se hI karma bandhatA hai / indriyA~ jaba apane viSaya ke prati rAga-dveSa karatI haiM, taba hI vaha viSaya - sevana vikAra (doSa, pApa) kA rUpa letA hai, pA~ca indriyoM ke tebIsa viSaya haiM aura do sau cAlIsa vikAra haiM / ye saba vikAra viSayoM meM rAga-dveSa karane se paidA hote haiM, ina vikAroM ke utpanna hone ko hI viSayabhoga kahA jAtA hai / ataH viSaya bhoga aura kaSAya kA ghaniSTha sambandha hai / viSaya bhoga aura kaSAya hI karma bandha ke hetu haiM / bhogoM ke tyAgate hI aura kaSAya kA kSaya hote hI samasta ghAtI karmoM, AtmA ke guNoM ke ghAtaka pApa karmoM kA kSaya ho jAtA hai| jisase AtmA ke samasta guNa prakaTa ho jAte haiM / [ 120 ] prakArAntara se yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki bAhya tapa se azubha yogoM kA tyAga hotA hai jisase azubha pApa karmoM kI prakRtiyoM aura pradeza bandha kA nirodha hotA hai| jaitattva sA

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navIna pApa karmoM kA bandha rukatA hai tathA Abhyantara tapa se kaSAyoM kA kSaya hotA hai jisase sattA meM sthita pUrva saMcita pApa karmoM ke sthiti bandha va anubhAga bandha kA ghAta-kSaya hotA hai| sthiti bandha aura anubhAga bandha kA kSaya honA hI nirjarA honA hai| isa prakAra tapa se pApa karmoM ke prakRti, pradeza, sthiti aura anubhAga ina cAroM prakAra ke bandhoM kI nirjarA hotI hai aura unakA kSaya hotA hai| aghAtI karmoM kI nirjarA sAdhaka ke lie Avazyaka nahIM hai| kaSAya ke kSaya se aghAtI karmoM kI pApa prakRtiyoM kA puNya prakRtiyoM meM saMkramaNa hone se una pApa prakRtiyoM kI sattA kA kSaya hotA hai, nirjarA hotI hai| vItarAga ke aghAtI karmoM kA kSaya AyuSya pUrA hone para svataH ho jAtA hai| usa samaya jaise yathAkhyAta cAritra chUTatA hai vaise hI aghAtI karma bhI chUTa jAte haiM, nirjarita ho jAte haiN| prAyazcitta se doSatA, vinaya se ahaMtA, vaiyAvRttya se mamatA va jar3atA, svAdhyAya se parAdhInatA, dhyAna se caMcalatA aura vyutsarga se rAga-tAdAtmya kA nAza hokara kramazaH nirdoSatA, nirahaMkAratA, nirmamatA, svAdhInatA, nirvikalpatA aura vIta-rAgatA kI upalabdhi hotI hai jisase Asakti miTakara, kaSAya kSINa hokara karma khira jAte haiN| mAnasika du:khoM ke kAraNoM kI khoja se jJAta hotA hai ki ina duHkhoM kA kAraNa hai paap| pApa utpatti kA kAraNa hai krm| karma kA kAraNa hai kaamnaaeN| kAmanAe~ utpatti kA kAraNa hai kAmanA pUrti janita sukha loluptaa| ata: mAnasika duHkhoM kA mUla kAraNa hai kAmanA pUrti janita sukha lolupatA, arthAt kAmanA pUrti janita sukhoM ke prati rati / kAmanA pUrti janita sukha lolupatA se citta ke sAtha AtmA kA tAdAtmya bhAva hotA hai jisase prANI kA citta azuddha ho jAtA hai| tapa sAdhanA se sAdhaka sukha kAmanA pUrti meM nahIM, niSkAma hone meM hai, isa tathya kA sAkSAtkAra karatA hai| tapa se sAdhaka meM sukhoM ke prati virati utpanna hotI hai| virati se sajagatA AtI hai| sajagatA se kAmanA yA kaSAya kI vidyamAnatA asahya ho jAtI hai, jisase sukha lolupatA rUpa rasa sUkhane lagatA hai| rasa sUkhane se kaSAya nirjIva hokara kSaya hone lagatA hai| kaSAya ke kSaya hone se karma nirjarita ho jAte haiN| jisa prakAra tApa se eka-eka bIja bhasma yA nirjIva na hokara agaNita bIja eka sAtha nirjIva ho jAte haiM va phala dene kI zakti kho dete haiM, isI prakAra tapa se asaMkhya karma eka sAtha rasahIna va nirjIva ho jAte haiM, tathA apanI phala dene kI nirjarA tattva [121]

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zakti kho dete haiM / athavA jisa prakAra tApa ke prabhAva va jala (rasa) ke abhAva se paudhe para lage hue pracura puSpa nirjIva hokara phala die binA hI khira jAte haiM, isI prakAra tapa ke prabhAva va kaSAya-rasa ke abhAva se asaMkhya karma nirjIva hokara phala diye binA hI nirjarita ho jAte haiM, khira jAte haiM / tapa kI sAdhanA svAdhIna sAdhanA hai, kyoMki isameM Atma vikAroM ko dUra karane ke lie 'para' ke Azraya va sahAyatA kI apekSA nahIM hai / para kI sahAyatA apekSita na hone se isa sAdhanA kA kisI paristhiti vizeSa se koI sambandha nahIM hai, yaha vartamAna paristhiti meM hI kI jA sakatI hai| jo isa sAdhanA kI anukUlatA ke lie paristhiti vizeSa kA AhvAna karate haiM yA pratikSA karate haiM ve sAdhanA ke vAstavika sva-rUpa se aparicita haiM / vastutaH sAdhanA vartamAna kI hI vastu hai tathA ise mAnava mAtra karane meM samartha va svAdhIna hai| jo sAdhanA vartamAna jIvana meM hI kI jA sakatI hai use bhaviSya para TAlanA ghora pramAda hai tathA mAnava jIvana kI sabase bar3I asAvadhAnI bhArI bhUla hai| isa bhUla kA tyAga kara sAdhaka sAdhanArata hokara sAdhya ko prApta kara sakatA hai| bAhyatapa aura Abhyantara tapa kA kArya bAhyatapa kI pUrNatA pratisaMlInatA meM hai aura Abhyantara tapa kI pUrNatA kAyotsarga meM hai / karmoM kA unmUlana evaM AtyaMtika kSaya Abhyantara tapa se hI hotA hai / kAraNa ki bAhya tapa se to cetanA kI kevala bAhara kI ora ho rahI gati kA nirodha hotA hai, antara kI ora gati nahIM hotI aura viSaya bhogoM ke prati vidyamAna Antarika sukhAsakti nahIM miTatI / Abhyantara tapa se sva kI ora gati hotI hai, jisase alaukika rasAnubhUti kA Ananda anubhava hotA hai evaM bhogoM ke sukha meM AkulatA kA du:kha anubhava hotA hai, jisase bhogoM kI sukhAsakti svata: kSINa hotI jAtI hai, sva kI ora gati hotI jAtI hai, jisakI pUrNatA hone para nija svarUpa se abhinnatA ho jAtI hai| zarIra, saMsAra, kaSAya aura karma ke AkarSaNa - rAga kA pUrNa kSaya ho jAtA hai, phira inakA pUrva meM aMkita prabhAva zeSa nahIM rahatA hai, ina sabase sambandha-viccheda ho jAtA hai / sambandha-viccheda ho jAne se inakA baMdha TUTa jAtA hai| inase atIta avasthA kA anubhava ho jAtA hai arthAt vyutsarga ho jAtA hai| abhiprAya yaha hai ki pratisaMlInatA bAhya tapa kI carama sthiti va pUrNatA prApta karane kI dyotaka hai aura [122] jainatattva sA

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isase navIna pApa karmoM kA baMdha honA baMda ho jAtA hai aura vyutsarga Abhyantara tapa kI pUrNatA kA dyotaka hai, jisase saba prakAra ke baMdhanoM kA Atyantika kSaya ho jAtA hai| viSaya-sukhoM ke bhoga se hI samasta doSoM (pApoM) kI utpatti hotI hai / doSoM (pApoM) se duHkhoM kI utpatti hotI hai / isa prakAra viSaya-sukhoM kA bhoga hI samasta doSoM, duHkhoM evaM baMdhanoM kA kAraNa hai / bAhya tapa se viSaya - bhogoM kI pravRtti kA nirodha hotA hai aura Abhyantara tapa se viSaya - bhogoM kI vRtti (vAsanA) kA kSaya (nAza) hotA hai / isa prakAra bAhya aura Abhyantara ina donoM prakAra ke tapoM se viSayabhogoM kI pravRtti tathA vRtti kA aMta ho jAtA hai / samasta doSoM, duHkhoM tathA baMdhanoM kA sadA ke lie nAza ho jAtA hai| dhyAna va vyutsarga meM donoM prakAra ke tapa samAhita haiM / ataH dhyAna va vyutsarga se hI samasta doSa, duHkha evaM baMdhana se mukti kI anubhUti hotI hai| pratisaMlInatA mukti ke samIpa pahu~cAtI hai aura kAyotsarga mukti se abhinna karatA hai| Azaya yaha ki pratisaMlInatA tapa se viSayabhoga, zarIra, saMsAra va karma (pravRtti) se vimukhatA hotI hai, navIna rAgotpatti kA nirodha hotA hai, jisase navIna karmaarjana va sarjana avaruddha hotA hai aura kAyotsarga se pUrvabaddha Asakti yukta saMskAroM (karma - baMdhanoM ) kA kSaya hotA hai, jisase vItarAgatA, sarvajJatA, pUrNa cinmayatA evaM saccidAnanda (akSaya- akhaNDa va ananta sukha) kA anubhava hotA hai / pratisaMlInatA meM nirvikalpa sthiti hotI hai, navIna bhoga-pravRttiyoM kA nirodha hone se citta zAnta hotA hai, samprajJAta samAdhi hotI hai aura kAyotsarga se vAsanA yukta vRttiyoM kA kSaya hone se nirvikalpa bodha hotA hai, jisase pUrNa tattvabodha hotA hai, kaivalya kI anubhUti hotI hai, phira kucha bhI jAnanA - dekhanA, pAnA va karanA zeSa nahIM rahatA hai / yahI siddhi prApta karanA hai / jisa prakAra bAhya tapa dvArA zArIrika duHkhoM ko sajIva kara, unake kAraNoM ko dUra karane kI kriyA se karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai usI prakAra Abhyantara tapa dvArA mAnasika duHkhoM ko sajIva kara unake kAraNoM ko dUra karane kI kriyA se karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai / tana ke Thosa va sthUla hone se usake dvArA udaya honevAle karmoM kA kSetra sasIma hai, para mana sUkSma va tarala hai, ataH taMragAyita hotA rahatA hai| jaise tarala jala ke tAla meM pavana ke nimitta se agaNita taraMgeM uThA karatI haiM isI prakAra ati tarala hone se citta ke sAgara meM parigraha ke nimitta se vAsanAoM kI asaMkhya taraMgeM nirjarA tattva [123]

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uThA karatI haiN| ye taraMge citta ko caMcala, azAnta aura udvigna karatI haiM / citta kI caMcalatA, azAntatA, udvignatA Adi vRttiyA~ mAnava ko duHkha detI haiN| mAnava ina duHkhoM ko kAmanApUrti ke sukha kI AzA se sahana karatA hai tathA kAmanApUrti ke sukha se inheM dabAtA hai, parantu inake mUla kAraNa ko khojakara dUra karane kA prayatna nahIM karatA / pariNAmasvarUpa ananta kAla se anaMta prANI anaMta janmoM meM anaMta kAmanAoM kI pUrti anaMta-anaMta bAra kara cuke haiM, phira bhI kAmanA apUrti kA duHkha jyoM kA tyoM vidyamAna hai| ataH mAnasika duHkhoM kA anta unake kAraNoM ko khojakara, tapa se unakA anta karane se hI saMbhava hai| mAnasika duHkhoM ke kAraNoM kI khoja se jJAta hotA hai ki ina duHkhoM kA Azraya sthAna hai citta / citta- utpatti kA kAraNa hai karma / karma kA kAraNa haikaamnaaeN| kAmanA-utpatti kA kAraNa hai kAmanApUrti janita sukha lolupatA / ataH mAnasika duHkhoM kA mUla kAraNa hai kAmanA pUrti janita sukha lolupatA, arthAt kAmanA pUrti janita sukhoM kI rati / kAmanA pUrti janita sukha lolupatA rUpa rati se rAgAdi vikAra, vikAra se karma, karma ke udaya se prANI ke citta meM azAnti, cintA, dvandva, khinnatA, tanAva Adi duHkhoM kI utpatti hotI hai| vinaya, vaiyAvRtya Adi Abhyantara tapa citta meM sthita caMcalatA, azAnti, antardvandva, tanAva Adi duHkhoM ko sajIva banAte haiM arthAt inako naSTa karane ke lie viveka ke sammukha prastuta karate haiN| viveka ina duHkhoM ke kAraNa svarUpa citta kA tAdAtmya, karma, ahantA, mamatA, moha Adi doSoM va doSa janita sukha lolupatA Adi ko banAye rakhane kA virodha karatA hai tathA sukha kAmanA pUrti meM nahIM, niSkAma hone meM hai, isa tathya kA sAkSAtkAra karAtA hai| isase sAdhaka meM suHkhoM ke prati virati utpanna hotI hai / virati se sajagatA AtI hai| sajagatA kAmanA yA kaSAya kI vidyamAnatA ko asahya kara detI hai, jisase sukha lolupatA rUpa rasa sUkhane lagatA hai| rasa sUkhane se kaSAya nirjIva hokara kSaya hone lagatA hai / kaSAya ke kSaya hone se karma nirjarita ho jAte haiM / " prAyazcitta se doSoM kI nivRtti kA, vinaya se ahaMtA kA, vaiyAvRttya se mamatA kA, svAdhyAya se parAdhInatA kA dhyAna se citta kI caMcalatA kA, vyutsarga se saMsargatA kA nAza hokara nirdoSatA, nirahaMkAratA, nirmamatA, svAdhInatA, nirvikalpatA,, asaMgatA Adi kI upalabdhi hotI hai, jisase karma kSINa hokara nirjarita hote haiM / [124] jaitattva sA

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jisa prakAra tApa (Aga) se eka-eka bIja bhasma yA nirjIva na hokara agaNita bIja eka sAtha nirjIva ho jAte haiM va phala dene kI zakti kho dete haiM, isI prakAra tapa se asaMkhya karma eka sAtha rasa hIna va nirjIva ho jAte haiM tathA apanI phala dene kI zakti kho dete hai| athavA jisa prakAra tapa ke prabhAva va jala ke abhAva se paudhe para lage pracura puSpa nirjIva hokara binA phala diye hI khira jAte haiM, isI prakAra tapa ke prabhAva va kaSAya-rasa ke abhAva se asaMkhya karma nirjIva hokara binA phala diye hI nirjarita ho jAte haiN| tapa : karmakSaya kI sAdhanA sAdhanA hai satya kA sAkSAtkAra karanA, jo jaisA hai use ThIka vaisA hI yathAbhUta anubhava karanA arthAt binA kisI prakAra kI milAvaTa, jor3a va bhrAnti ke vastusthiti kA, satya kA sAkSAtkAra karanA sAdhanA hai| sAdhAraNataH mAnava jo kArya karate haiM vaha rAga-raMjita, dveSa-dUSita tathA moha-vimUr3hita (mUrcchita) hokara karate haiN| ataH vaha zuddha sAkSAtkAra na hokara rAga-dveSa-moha se yukta azuddha avasthA kA anubhava hotA hai| isI azuddha avasthA kA nivAraNa karane evaM zuddha svarUpa kA sAkSAtkAra karane ke liye bandha ke hetuoM kA abhAva evaM nirjarA se karmakSaya kara mokSa prApta karane kA vidhAna hai| vastu yA prakRti ke svabhAva ko dharma kahA jAtA hai - jaise Aga kA svabhAva 'uSNatA' hai| yaha Aga kA dharma hai| svabhAva kA sAkSAtkAra karanA hI dharma hai| athavA yaha kaheM ki vastu yA prakRti kA vAstavika rUpa hI dharma hai aura isa dharma kA sAkSAtkAra yA anubhava karanA hI dharma-dhyAna hai| satya kA sAkSAtkAra buddhijanya kalpanAoM, jalpanAoM va mAnyatAoM se nahIM hotA hai, apitu anubhava se hotA hai, satya para calane se hotA hai| jaise-jaise vyakti jIvana meM satya ko sthAna detA jAtA hai, usa para AcaraNa karatA hai, caraNa bar3hAtA jAtA hai, vaise-vaise use satya kI gaharAI va sUkSmatA kA adhikAdhika sAkSAtkAra hotA jAtA hai| yaha niyama hai ki jo jitanA sUkSma hotA hai, vaha utanA hI vibhu va adhika sakSama hotA hai tathA alaukika, vilakSaNa va aciMtya zaktiyoM kA bhaNDAra hotA hai| yahI niyama yA tathya dhyAna sAdhanA para bhI ghaTita hotA hai| dhyAna sAdhanA meM jisa satya kA sAkSAtkAra hotA hai usa para calane se prakRti ke sUkSma, sUkSmatara va sUkSmatama satyoM (siddhAntoM, dharmoM va zaktiyoM) kA pratyakSa nirjarA tattva [125]

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sAkSAtkAra hone lagatA hai aura anta meM apane meM vidyamAna ananta jJAna, ananta darzana, ananta sukha, ananta sAmarthya prakaTa ho jAtA hai| phira vaha sarvathA baMdhanamukta hokara sadA ke liye bhava-bhramaNa va du:kha se chuTakArA pA jAtA hai| vastutaH dhyAna yA sAdhanA koI rahasya, jAdU yA camatkAra nahIM hai, pratyutta satya ke sAkSAtkAra ke kramika vikAsa kA sarala, Rju va sugama mArga hai| isameM na to koI chipAne kI bAta hai aura na kucha jor3ane kI bAta hai, na bhASA jJAna kI AvazyakatA hai| kevala apane hI antaraMga meM vidyamAna darzana va jJAna kI anubhUti karane ke liye sthUla se sUkSma kI ora bar3hanA hai| vastutaH dhyAna apanI hI anubhUti se apanI bhrA~tiyoM (mithyA mAnyatAoM) ko miTAte hue pUrNa satya, zuddha darzana va zuddha jJAna ko prakaTa karane kA mArga hai, prakriyA hai, jisa para calane meM mAnava mAtra samartha va svAdhIna hai| bhale hI vaha kisI jAti kA ho, kisI bhI deza kA ho, koI bhI vyavasAya karane vAlA ho, kisI bhI Ayu kA ho, kizora ho, yuvA ho, vRddha ho, vidvAn ho, nirakSara ho, dhanavAna ho, nirdhana ho, strI ho, puruSa ho| dhyAna sAdhanA se kisa prakAra karma kSaya hokara duHkha se mukti milatI hai, isa para prakAza DAlA jA rahA hai| citta kI sthiratA citta ko sthira karane kA prArambhika upAya hai citta ko zvAsa ke AvAgamana para lgaanaa| isase citta kA bhaTakanA ruka jAtA hai, citta sthira ho jAtA hai| phira zvAsa para sthira citta ko zarIra kI tvacA (camar3I) para lagAyA jAtA hai| citta kI sthiratA va sUkSmatA ke kAraNa tvacA para hone vAlI kriyAoM (saMvedanAoM) kA anubhava hone lagatA hai| citta ko Age bar3hAte hue sira se paira taka, paira se sira taka sAre zarIra kI saMvedanAoM ko bAra-bAra dekhane se citta kI sthiratA, samatA va sUkSmatA bar3hatI jAtI hai| nirantara abhyAsa karane se yaha vRddhi adhikAdhika hotI jAtI hai| samatA dhyAna meM zarIra ke bAharI va bhItarI bhAga ke sUkSma staroM para citta ko lagAne se vahA~ utpanna hone vAlI anukUla-pratikUla saMvedanAoM kA anubhava hotA hai| yadi citta una anukUla saMvedanAoM meM rAga aura pratikUla saMvedanAoM meM dveSa karane lagatA hai, unameM harSa va duHkha kA bhoga karane lagatA hai to citta kI sthiratA va sUkSmatA kho jAtI hai, citta caMcala va sthUla ho jAtA hai| parantu una anukUla-pratikUla, sukhada [126] jainatattva sAra

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duHkhada saMvedanAoM kA anubhava karate hue rAga-dveSa na karake kevala unako dekhate rahane se samabhAva pragAr3ha hotA hai, saMyama svayaM udbhUta hotA hai aura mana, vacana va kAyA kI pravRttiyoM kA saMvara hotA hai| darzanAvaraNIya karma kA kSaya ___darzana hai citta ke nirvikalpa hone para caitanya (cinmayatA) kA, saMvedanazIlatA kA anubhava honaa| nirvikalpatA citta ke zAnta, sthira va sama hone para hotI hai| dhyAna meM citta kI zAnti, samatA, sthiratA, sUkSmatA jaise-jaise bar3hatI jAtI hai vaise-vaise hI saMvedanAoM ke anubhava kI zakti bar3hatI jAtI hai| arthAt darzana kA AvaraNa kSINa hotA jAtA hai aura darzana yA anubhava sthUla se sUkSma, sUkSmatara va sUkSmatama rUpa meM vikasita hotA jAtA hai| hamAre zarIra meM va tvacA para pratyeka sthAna va pratyeka aNu para nirantara kisI na kisI prakAra kI kriyAe~ cAlU rahatI haiN| parantu hamAre darzana (anubhava) kI zakti vikasita na hone se, darzana para AvaraNa Ane se una kriyAoM se janita saMvedanAoM kA hama darzana (sAkSAtkAra) nahIM kara pAte haiN| dhyAna sAdhaka kA citta AnApAna sati se nirvikalpa hotA hai taba use pahale zarIra ke bAharI stara para hone vAlI saMvedanAoM kA darzana hone lagatA hai| phira jaise-jaise saMyama yA saMvara yA samatAbhAva bar3hatA jAtA hai; vaise-vaise darzanAvaraNa haTatA jAtA hai jisase zarIra meM mA~sa, rakta, haDDiyoM meM utpanna hone vAlI kriyAoM, taraMgoM kA saMvedana yA anubhava hone lagatA hai| yahA~ taka ki zarIra meM hone vAlI rAsAyanika parivartana kI sUkSmatama prakriyAoM, vidyuta-cumbakIya laharoM kA bhI darzana hone lagatA hai| isa prakAra darzana kI zakti sUkSma se sUkSmatara stara para prakaTa hone lagatI hai| phira dhyAna-sAdhaka kA jaise-jaise samatA, saMyama, saMvara kA stara U~cA hotA jAtA hai, bar3hatA jAtA hai; vaisevaise darzanAvaraNIya karma kI nirjarA hotI jAtI hai, jisase darzana kI zakti prakaTa hokara vyakta citta meM uThane vAlI lahareM, usase ba~dhane vAle karma, avacetana mana meM uThane vAlI lahareM tathA usase bhI sUkSma stara para sthita apane pUrva jIvana meM saMcita saMskAroM, karmoM va granthiyoM kA darzana hone lagatA hai, isa prakAra saMvara va nirjarA jaba apanI carama sImA para pahu~ca jAte haiM to darzana ke samasta AvaraNa va parde haTa jAte haiM, kSaya ho jAte haiM, jisase usakA darzana pUrNa vizuddha 'kevala darzana' ho jAtA hai| jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA kSaya jJAna aneka prakAra kA hotA hai yathA indriyoM ke mAdhyama se hone vAlA zabda, varNa, gaMdha, rasa va sparza kA jJAna, cintana va buddhijanya jJAna aadi| parantu ina jJAnoM se nirjarA tattva [127]

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cetanA ke sthUla va bAharI stara kA hI bodha hotA hai, cetanA kI yathArthatA jo sUkSma va AMtarika stara para hotI hai, usakA bodha nahIM hotA / yaha ayathArtha jJAna hitakArI va kalyANakArI nahIM hotA hai, ataH ise asamyak jJAna yA mithyA jJAna kahA hai| samatAbhAva dhyAna se jaise-jaise darzana para Ae AvaraNa kSINa hote jAte haiM, bar3hatA jAtA hai, vaise-vaise anubhava - zakti bar3hatI jAtI hai| usa anubhava se hone vAlA jJAna yathArtha (bhrAMti-rahita) satya va kalyANakArI hotA hai| aisA hI jJAna 'prajJA' yA 'samyak jJAna' kahA jAtA hai| isa yathArtha - satya jJAna ke prabhAva se indriya-buddhijanita jJAna bhI samyak hotA jAtA hai / 1 dhyAna-sAdhaka darzana yA anubhava ke stara para pratyakSa dekhatA hai ki kevala bAharI sthUla jagat hI nahIM badala rahA hai balki yaha parivartana sUkSma loka (jagata) aura bhI adhika zIghratA se ho rahA hai / zarIra ke uparibhAga se bhItarI bhAga meM, zarIra meM utpanna saMvedanAoM va vidyuta cumbakIya laharoM meM, mana meM, avacetana mana meM kramazaH saikar3oM-hajAroM gunA adhika se adhika drutagati se parivartana ( utpAda - vyaya) ho rahA hai| yahA~ taka ki loka ke sUkSma stara para to yaha utpAda - vyaya eka pala meM agaNita bAra pratyakSa anubhava hotA hai| isa prakAra dhyAna-sAdhanA se jaise-jaise darzana ke AvaraNa kSINa hote jAte haiM, vaise-vaise saMsAra kI anityatA kA pratyakSa darzana ( sAkSAtkAra) hotA jAtA hai| aise anitya saMsAra meM Atmabuddhi rakhanA, use apanA mAnanA, usase rakSaNa va zaraNa kI AzA karanA ajJAna hai| saMsAra meM zaraNabhUta kucha bhI nahIM hai| prakRti ke utpAda-vyaya prakriyA se utpanna roga, jarA, mRtyu yA viyoga se koI kisI ko nahIM bacA sakatA hai| isa prakAra dhyAna-sAdhaka saMyoga meM viyoga, jIvana meM mRtyu, AzA meM nirAzA kA darzana karane lagatA hai| isase usameM tana, mana, dhana, jana Adi samasta parivartanazIla anitya vastuoM ke prati mamatva va ahaMtva haTakara anAtmabhAva kI jAgRti hotI hai| vaha apanI anubhUti ke AdhAra para yaha bhI jAnatA hai ki roga, bur3hApA, indriyoM kI zakti-kSINatA, mRtyu, abhAva, vedanA, pIr3A Adi to duHkha haiM hI, parantu saMsAra meM jise sukha kahA jAtA hai vaha bhI duHkha rUpa hI hai| kAraNa ki vaha sukha rAga va mohajanita hotA hai| rAga citta meM asaMkhya lahareM yA tUphAna uThane kA rUpa hai| yaha rAga kA tUphAna samatA ke sAgara kI zAnti ko bhaMga kara azAnti, AkulatA, tanAva, AturatA va jar3atA utpanna karatA hai va mUrchita banAtA hai / isa prakAra vaha bhogoM ke sukha [128] jaitattva

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meM du:kha kA darzana karane lagatA hai| vaha dekhatA hai ki saMsAra meM sarvatra, sarva sthitiyoM evaM paristhitiyoM meM duHkha hI duHkha hai| isa prakAra isa anitya, azaraNa, du:khada saMsAra se sambandha sthApita karanA, isase sukha bhoganA ajJAna hai, bhaMyakara bhUla hai| ___dhyAna-sAdhaka yaha bhI dekhatA hai ki saMsAra kI utpatti-vinAza svarUpa pratyeka ghaTanA kAraNa aura kArya ke niyamAnusAra ghaTa rahI hai| koI bhI ghaTanA apratyAzita, Akasmika yA anahonI nahIM ghaTatI hai| kAraNa ke anusAra kArya hotA hai| karma siddhAnta kA yaha niyama hai ki jo jaisA karatA hai use vaisA hI phala prApta hotA hai| arthAt jo bhI sukhada-duHkhada sthiti prApta hotI hai vaha apane hI karma kA phala hai| ataH usameM na to zikAyata yA zoka kI guMjAiza hai aura na harSa ko avakAza hai| usa ghaTanA yA paristhiti ko bhalA-burA mAnanA yA kosanA va usake prati rAga-dveSa karanA ajJAna hai| isa prakAra sUkSma darzana yA sAkSAtkAra kI pragati se sAdhaka kI prajJA bar3hatI jAtI hai| use loka ke sUkSma tathA gahana niyamoM kA jJAna adhika se adhika hotA jAtA hai| use graMthi-baMdha, karma-vipAka, janma-maraNa, saMvara, nirjarA, vimokSa Adi kA pratyakSa va spaSTa jJAna hone lagatA hai| jo jitanA sUkSma hotA hai vaha utanA hI vibhu va zaktizAlI hotA hai| isa niyama ke anusAra sUkSma tattvoM ke pratyakSIkaraNa se sImita va vikRta jJAna vizada evaM zuddha hotA jAtA hai| aMta meM jJAna para se sarva AvaraNa haTakara va kSaya hokara asIma ananta nirmala kevala jJAna' prakaTa ho jAtA hai| mohanIya karma kA kSaya ___ dhyAna ke abhyAsa se jaise-jaise samatA va sUkSma anubhava kI zakti bar3hatI jAtI hai vaise hI vaise rAga-dveSa-moha Adi se uThane vAlI laharoM va saMvedanAoM kA pratyakSa darzana (anubhava) hone lagatA hai| sAdhaka yaha bhI dekhane lagatA hai ki rAgadveSa se navIna graMthiyoM kA nirmANa hotA hai| ye graMthiyA~ samaya pAkara udaya meM Akara phala detI haiM - inase tana-mana, sukha-duHkha kA sarjana hotA hai| janma-maraNa va sukhada-du:khada saMvedanAoM ke prati pratikriyA karane se rAga-dveSa utpanna hote haiM. jinase navIna graMthiyoM kA nirmANa hotA hai| phira sukhada-duHkhada saMvedanAoM kI utpatti hotI rahatI hai aura isa prakAra utpatti-vinAza kA, janma-maraNa kA yaha krama bAra-bAra calane lagatA hai| isa prakAra bhava-bhramaNa anantakAla se cala rahA hai| sAdhaka yaha bhI anubhava karane lagatA hai ki lahara dveSa kI uThe yA rAga kI uThe athavA nirjarA tattva [ 129]

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anya kisI bhI prakAra kI uThe, usase samatAjanita zAnti, sukha, svAdhInatA, saMtuSTi lopa ho jAtI hai aura azAnti, kSubdhatA, AkulatA, AturatA Adi duHkhoM kA udaya ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra jahA~ vaha sAdhaka pahale rAga, dveSa, moha, hiMsA, jhUTha Adi doSoM meM sukha kA AsvAdana karatA thA vahA~ aba inameM duHkha kA anubhava karane lagatA hai| sAdhaka isa pariNAma para pahu~catA hai ki duHkha yA bhava-cakra bhedana kA eka hI upAya hai ki navIna graMthiyoM kA nirmANa na ho aura purAnI graMthiyoM kA bhedana ho jAye, udIraNA hokara unakI nirjarA ho jAye / navIna graMthiyoM kA nirmANa, purAne karma ke phala bhogate samaya rAga-dveSa rUpI pratikriyA karane se hotA hai / ata: navIna graMthiyoM ke nirmANa ko rokane kA eka hI upAya hai ki purAne karmoM ke phalasvarUpa utpanna sukhada saMvedanAoM ke prati rAga na kare, duHkhada saMvedanAoM ke prati dveSa na kare arthAt samatA (draSTA bhAva ) meM rhe| isa prakAra samatA meM rahane se navIna graMthiyoM (karmoM) kA nirmANa ruka jAtA hai| purAnI graMthiyoM (karmoM) ke nAza kA upAya hai graMthiyoM kA bhedana karanA / tana, mana, dhana, jana Adi sabase Asakti (rAga-dveSa ) chor3anA; yaha sthUla graMthi - bhedana hai| sUkSma zarIra, citta, avacetana mana Adi ke stara para prakaTa va utpanna hone vAlI saMvedanAoM (graMthiyoM) kA dhuna - dhunakara vibhAjana karanA, Tukar3e-Tukar3e karanA, yaha sUkSma graMthiyoM kA bhedana hai| isa graMthi - bhedana se purAne karmoM ke samudAya kI tIvratA ke sAtha udIraNA hokara nirjarA hotI hai / isa graMthi - bhedana meM dhyAna ( citta kI ekAgratA), svAdhyAya (sva kA adhyayana, svAnubhava), kAyotsarga se sUkSmatara stara para tana-mana kA utsarga karanA, ahaMbhAva kA visarjana va vyutsarga karanA hotA hai| isase rAga-dveSa va moha para vijaya prApta hone lagatI hai arthAt rAga, dveSa, mAyA-moha ke pravAha kA prabhAva ghaTatA jAtA hai| yaha vijaya sAdhaka ke utsAha, sukha, samatA, zAnti, svAdhInatA ko bar3hAtI hai, jisase usameM rAga, dveSa para adhika vijaya pAne kA puruSArtha jagatA hai| isa prakAra dharmacakra se vaha dhIre-dhIre samatA kI carama avasthA meM pahu~cakara rAga, dveSa, moha Adi vikAroM para pUrNa vijaya pAkara vItarAga, vItadveSa ho jAtA hai| usake moha kA pUrNa kSaya ho jAtA hai, usakA kartRtva va bhoktRtva samApta ho jAtA hai| antarAya karma kA kSaya jisase jIva ko dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga aura vIrya ina pA~ca svAbhAvika upalabdhiyoM, guNoM meM vighna va bAdhA utpanna ho, vaha aMtarAya karma hai / jIva kA dAna I jaitattva sA [130]

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guNa udAratA va prIti ke sukha kI upalabdhi kA sUcaka hai| lAbha gaNa nirlobhatA se AvirbhUta saMtoSarUpI saMpatti kI upalabdhi kA vyaktaka hai| bhoga gaNa viSaya-bhoga ke sukhoM ke tyAga se arthAt nirmamatA se prApta svAdhInatA ke akhaNDa-pUrNa sukha ke bhoga kI upalabdhi kA dyotaka hai| upabhoga guNa viSaya-sukhoM ke upabhoga ke tyAga se arthAt nirahaMkAratA se AvirbhUta svAbhAvika AtmIyatA va priyatA ke nita-nUtanaanavarata anantasukha ke upabhoga kI upalabdhi kA evaM vIrya guNa kartRtvabhAva rahita hone se AvirbhUta doSoM ke vinAzaka sAmarthya guNa kI upalabdhi kA sUcaka hai| ina pA~coM guNoM kI upalabdhi nirdoSatA se prakaTa svabhAva kI abhivyaktaka hai| samasta svAbhAvika guNoM meM bAdhA utpanna hotI hai vibhAva se| vibhAva se jIvana svabhAva se vimukha ho jAtA hai| yaha vimukhatA hI aMtarAya karma hai| vibhAva kI utpatti kA mUla kAraNa hai viSaya-bhogoM ke sukha kA pralobhana / viSaya-sukha ke icchuka jIva meM svArthaparatA kA doSa utpanna hotA hai jo udAratA guNa kA apaharaNa kara dAnAntarAya utpanna kara detA hai usameM indriya-viSayoM ke bhogaupabhoga kI bhogya vastuoM ko prApta va saMgraha karane kI icchA utpanna hotI hai jo nija svabhAva ke bhoga-upabhoga ke sukha kA apaharaNa kara bhogAntarAya-upabhogAntarAya karma ko utpanna kara detI hai| bhogI jIva apane sAmarthya kA upayoga va upabhoga viSaya-bhogoM evaM unakI bhogya sAmagrI kI prApti meM karatA hai, usakA yaha bhoktRtva va kartRtva bhAva doSoM ke tyAgane ke sAmarthya kA apaharaNa kara vIryAntarAya karma ko utpanna kara detA hai| prakArAntara se kaheM to viSaya-bhogoM kI icchA va unakA bhoga AtmA ko bahirmukhI banAtA hai jisase AtmA nija svabhAva meM ramaNa rUpa bhogaupabhoga ke sukha se vimukha va vaMcita ho jAtI hai| nijasvarUpa ke akSaya-akhaNDa ananta sukha se vaMcita honA hI aMtarAya karma kA udaya hai| ataH jitanI-jitanI viSaya-bhogoM kI sukha kI icchA va dAsatA ghaTatI jAtI hai utanA-utanA aMtarAya karma kA kSayopazama hotA jAtA hai| viSaya-sukha kA pUrNa tyAga hote hI aMtarAya karma kA kSaya ho jAtA hai| sAMsArika padArthoM va bhogoM kI icchA utpanna hote hI citta caMcala va calAyamAna ho jAtA hai, jisase citta kI zAnti, sthiratA va samatA bhaMga ho jAtI hai| kisI bhI jIva kI sabhI icchAe~ pUrNa nahIM hotI haiN| eka icchA kI pUrti hote hI usakI pUrti kA sukha kucha hI kSaNoM meM vilIna ho jAtA hai, nIrasatA utpanna ho jAtI hai| isa nirjarA tattva [ 131]

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nIrasatA se Ubakara sukha pAne ke lie naI icchA utpanna hotI hai| isa prakAra icchAoM kI apUrti se janita abhAva sadA banA rahatA hai| abhAva kA anubhava honA hI antarAya kA sUcaka hai| viSaya-bhoga ke sukha meM va bhogoM kI icchA meM AkulatA rahatI hai| dhyAna-sAdhanA se sAdhaka aMtarmukhI ho nirvikalpatA ke, nirAkulatA ke sukha kA anubhava karatA hai| nirAkulatA ke va zAnti ke sukha kI anubhUti se viSaya-bhogoM ke AkulatA yukta sukha meM duHkha kA anubhava hotA hai| yaha anubhava jitanA-jitanA gaharA hotA jAtA hai utanA-utanA viSaya-sukhoM meM asahya duHkha kA anubhava hotA hai aura aMta meM viSaya-sukha kA pralobhana va dAsatA sadA ke liye miTa jAtI hai, jisase aMtarAya karma kA kSaya hokara anantadAna, ananta lAbha, ananta bhoga, ananta upabhoga evaM anantavIrya kI upalabdhi va anubhUti ho jAtI hai| __ dhyAna-sAdhanA se jaise-jaise rAga-dveSa-moha ghaTate jAte haiM, samatAbhAva bar3hatA jAtA hai, vaise-vaise anubhava ke kSetra meM sthUlatA se sUkSmatA kI ora pragati hotI jAtI hai, tathA AMtarika zaktiyA~ va anubhUtiyA~ vizeSa rUpa se prakaTa hotI jAtI haiN| AtaMrika zakti ke bar3hane se usakA puruSArtha-vIrya bar3hatA hai jo utsAha ke rUpa meM prakaTa hotA hai aura uddezya yA lakSya kI siddhi yA saphalatA prApti meM sahAyaka hotA hai| Antarika zakti jaise-jaise bar3hatI jAtI hai vaise-vaise adhika se adhika sUkSma saMvedanAoM kI anubhUti bar3hatI jAtI hai jo samatva va prIti va pramoda ke rUpa meM vyakta hotI hai| dhyAna-sAdhanA se viratibhAva bar3hatA hai jo kAmanAoM, vAsanAoM, kRtrima AvazyakatAoM ko ghaTAtA hai| inakI utpatti na hone se sAdhaka ko kAmanA kI pUrti-apUrti se utpanna hone vAlA du:kha nahIM bhoganA pdd'taa| saMtuSTi va tRptibhAva kI abhivRddhi hotI hai tathA usakI anivArya AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti svataH ho jAtI hai| yaha prAkRtika niyama hai ki jo prApta kA sadupayoga karatA hai use usase adhika hitakara vastuoM kI prApti apane Apa hotI hai| abhAva kA duHkha use pIr3ita nahIM krtaa| usakA citta sadA samRddhi se bharA hotA hai| dhyAna-sAdhanA se jaise-jaise rAga patalA par3atA jAtA hai vaise-vaise svArthaparatA, saMkIrNatA ghaTatI jAtI hai; sevAbhAva, karuNAbhAva, paropakAra aura dAna kI bhAvanA bar3hatI jAtI hai| [132] jainatattva sAra

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jaise-jaise viSaya - sukhoM ke bhoga-upabhoga kI dAsatA, rAga- - dveSa, moha kSINa hotA jAtA hai vaise-vaise bhogAntarAya-upabhogAntarAya Adi antarAya karma kSINa hote jAte haiM aura AMtarika va Atmika sadguNoM kI evaM nija svarUpa ke bhoga - upabhoga ke sukha kI adhikAdhika abhivRddhi hotI jAtI hai| pUrNa vItarAga avasthA meM ye guNa asIma va ananta ho jAte haiM / isa prakAra dhyAna-sAdhanA se jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, mohanIya va antarAya karma kSINa hote haiM / ina cAroM kA paraspara itanA ghaniSTha saMbaMdha hai ki inameM kisI eka karma ke kSINa hone kA prabhAva zeSa tIna karmoM para bhI par3atA hai aura unameM bhI kSINatA AtI hai| uparyukta cAra ghAtI karmoM ke atirikta nAma, gotra, Ayu, vedanIya ye cAra aghAtI karma aura haiN| ye karma zarIra, indriya Adi bhautika yA bAharI padArthoM se saMbaMdhita haiN| yaha niyama hai ki bhItarI sthiti ke anurUpa hI bAharI sthitiyoM evaM paristhitiyoM kA nirmANa hotA hai yA yoM kaheM ki cetanA kI sUkSma zaktiyoM va guNoM nyUnAdhikatA ke anurUpa hI prakRti bhautika padArthoM, zarIra, indriya Adi kI saMracanA karatI hai yahI nAma karma hai| nAma karma se utpanna zarIra ke Tikane kI avadhi Ayukarma hai| ucca-nIca arthAt dInatA va abhimAna (mada) kA bhAva honA gotra karma hai aura zarIra va citta Adi ke mAdhyama se hone vAlI sukhada - duHkhada saMvedanAe~ vedanIya karma hai| ina cAroM aghAtI karmoM kI pApa prakRtiyoM kI utpatti kA kAraNa bhI rAga, dveSa, moha Adi doSa hI haiN| ye doSa jaise-jaise ghaTate va haTate jAte haiM, Atmazuddhi bar3hatI jAtI hai| pApa prakRtiyoM kA baMdha rukatA jAtA hai / jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya aura aMtarAya ina cAra ghAtI karmoM ke kSaya hone ke pazcAt vedanIya karma, nAma karma, gotra karma aura Ayu karma ye cAroM aghAtI karma zeSa raha jAte haiM / ye karma aghAtI hone se jIva ke kisI guNa kA ghAta karane meM samartha nahIM haiM / ataH inakA kSaya karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / phira bhI ina karmoM kI zubha-azubha, prazasta aprazasta prakRtiyA~ haiM jinheM puNya-pApa prakRtiyA~ kahA jAtA hai| inameM se puNya - prakRtiyoM kA kSaya kisI bhI sAdhanA se sambhava nahIM hai, apitu sAdhanA se ina puNya - prakRtiyoM kA arjana hotA hai evaM inake anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai| ataH inake kSaya kI AvazyakatA bhI nahIM hai / zeSa rahI inakI azubhaaprazasta pApa prakRtiyA~ / pApa pravRttiyoM ke baMdha kA avarodha kaSAya kI kSINatA va kSaya se hotA hai| 1 nirjarA tattva [133]

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krodha kaSAya (krUratA, nirdayatA) ke nivAraNa va kSayopazama se sAtAvedanIya puNya prakRti kA; mAna kaSAya ke kSayopazama se, mada na karane se, mRdutA se uccagotra puNya-prakRti kA; mAyA kaSAya ke kSayopazama se, RjutA se zubha nAmakarma kI puNya prakRtiyoM kA; evaM lobha kaSAya ke kSayopazama se deva, manuSya, Ayu, puNya-prakRti kA baMdha hotA hai| isa prakAra dhyAna Adi tapa sAdhanA se kaSAya kSaya hotA hai jisase aghAtI karmoM kI pApa prakRtiyoM ke baMdha kA avarodha hotA hai evaM puNya-prakRtiyoM kA upArjana va udaya hotA hai| jina sAdhakoM ne dhyAnAdi tapa-sAdhanA se cAroM kaSAyoM kA pUrNa kSayakara diyA hai, unake uparyukta samasta puNya-prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga bar3hakara utkRSTa ho jAtA hai, kyoMki ye zubha (puNya) karma-prakRtiyA~ AtmA kI zuddhatA kI sUcaka haiN| ataH inheM kSaya karane hetu sAdhanA kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM raha jAtI hai| AyuSya pUrNa hone para ye svataH kSaya ho jAtI haiN| tapa se siddhatva kI prApti sukha jIva kA svabhAva hai| sacce sukha kA anubhava nija svabhAva meM sthita hone meM hI hai| mana, vacana aura tana kI kisI kriyA ke karate hae bahirmukhI avasthA rahatI hai, jisase svabhAva meM sthita honA sambhava nahIM hai| isIlie sAdhanA meM tana kI kriyA kA nirodha karane ke lie sthira-nizcala Asana meM baiThanA hotA hai| vacana kI kriyA kA nirodha karane ke lie mauna kA vidhAna hai| mana kI kriyA kA nirodha karane ke lie mana ko antarmukhI banAkara sva meM sthita karanA hai| anya upAyoM se kiyA gayA mana kA laya tAtkAlika lAbha paha~cAtA hai| jaise prANAyAma se zvAsa para dhyAna lagAne se bhI mana ekAgra hotA hai, parantu jaise hI prANAyAma banda kara diyA jAtA hai to mana bahirgAmI hokara viSaya-vAsanAoM meM bhaTakane lagatA hai| isI prakAra kisI AkRtivizeSa ke cintana, nAma smaraNa, mantra, jApa, trATaka Adi karane se bhI mana ekAgra ho jAtA hai, usa samaya vAsanAe~ daba jAtI haiM, parantu unakA nAza nahIM hotA hai| ataH punaH viSaya-vikAroM kA udaya ho jAtA hai| isakA mukhya kAraNa yaha hai ki mana ko ekAgra karane kI kriyAoM kA uddezya vAsanAoM se virakta va dehAtIta honA nahIM hotA hai, apitu zarIra aura mana ko svastha va sazakta banAkara ise adhikAdhika viSayasukhoM kA bhoga karanA hotA hai| pratidina gaharI nidrA meM yahI kArya prakRti se svataH hotA hai| gaharI nidrA meM mana-vacana-tana ina tInoM kA laya ho jAtA hai jisase sukha kI anubhUti hotI hai, rogoM kA nivAraNa hotA hai, zakti kA saMcaya va vRddhi hotI hai, parantu isa avasthA meM jar3atA kI sthiti rahatI hai| ataH isase AdhyAtmika vikAsa [134] jainatattva sAra

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nahIM hotA hai| kAraNa ki isakA lakSya viSaya-vAsanAoM se virakta honA, deha aura mana se pare kI avasthA kA anubhava karanA nahIM hai pratyuta deha aura mana ko puSTa karanA hai, jabaki yoga va dhyAna sAdhanA kA uddezya deha aura mana se atIta ho nija svarUpa ke sacce sukha kA anubhava karanA evaM saba du:khoM se mukta honA hai| saba duHkhoM se mukta hone kA upAya samabhAva meM rahanA hai, arthAt anukUla-pratikUla sthitiyoM meM samatA se rahanA, inake prati harSa-zoka yA rAga-dveSa nahIM karanA hai| athavA yoM kaheM ki Adhi-vyAdhi-upAdhi se prabhAvita nahIM honA hai, ise hI samAdhi kahA jAtA hai| samAdhi kI anubhUti taba hI sambhava hai jaba sAdhaka apane ko deha se bhinna anubhava kre| deha se apane ko bhinna anubhava karanA hI kAyotsarga hai| prANI zarIra se sukha cAhatA hai evaM indriyoM va saMsAra ko sukha kA mAdhyama mAnatA hai| sukha kI pratIti meM rAga karatA hai aura sukha meM bAdhA utpanna hone para du:kha kI pratIti hotI hai| duHkha kI pratIti meM dveSa utpanna hotA hai| ye rAga-dveSa, kaSAya hI samasta doSoM kI utpatti ke janaka hai| doSoM kI utpatti ke pariNAmasvarUpa samasta du:kha utpanna hote haiN| koI aisA duHkha hai hI nahIM jisakI utpatti kA kAraNa koI doSa nahIM ho| ataH kAyotsarga meM apane zarIra se atIta nija svarUpa meM sthita hote hI indriyoM evaM saMsAra se asaMgatA ho jAtI hai, jisake hote hI rAga-dveSa, viSaya-kaSAya kA kSaya ho jAtA hai| viSaya-kaSAya ke kSaya hote hI samasta doSoM se mukti ho jAtI hai| nirdoSatA kI anubhUti ho jAtI hai jisase paramatattva (paramAtmA) se abhinnatA ho jAtI hai| zivatva kI anubhUti ho jAtI hai aura du:khoM se sadA ke lie mukti ho jAtI hai| AtmArahita deha zava hai| deha ke sambandha se rahita AtmA ziva hai| zava (deha) se asaMga hote hI svataH ziva kA saMga ho jAtA hai| yaha hI siddhatva hai, mukti hai| prAkkathana (lekhaka kI mUla pustaka 'nirjarA tattva' se uddhRta) -kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA karmoM ke kSaya hone ko nirjarA kahate haiN| nirjArA do prakAra se hotI hai- (1) kAla pakane para karmoM kA svataH udaya meM Akara nirjarita honaa| ise akAma nirjarA kahate haiN| (2) prayatna va puruSArtha dvArA karma ho kSaya karanA, nirjarA karanA, ise sakAma nirjarA kahate haiN| sakAma nirjarA ko hI nirjarA tattva meM liyA gayA hai| nirjarA tattva [135]

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sakAma nirjarA rUpa karmoM kA kSaya tapa se hotA hai| tapa ke anazana Adi bAraha bheda haiM / tapa se AtmA pavitra hotI hai, jisase puNya karmoM kA upArjana hotA hai aura unake anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai| pApa karmoM kA vizeSataH ghAtI karmoM ke anubhAga va sthiti kA kSaya hotA hai, jisase Atma-guNa prakaTa hote haiM / ataH nirjarA tattva meM pApa karmoM kI nirjarA hI iSTa hai, puNya karmoM kI nhiiN| kAraNa ki tapa se puNya karmoM kI 32 prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga bar3hakara utkRSTa ho jAtA hai, phira yaha anubhAga caudahaveM ayogI kevalI guNasthAna ke aMtima samaya taka utkRSTa hI rahatA hai| kisI bhI sAdhanA se kSINa nahIM hotA hai arthAt usakI nirjarA nahIM hotI hai| tapa ke 12 bheda haiM- 1. anazana, 2. UnodarI, 3. bhikSAcaryA, 4. rasaparityAga, 5. kAyakleza, 6. pratisaMlInatA, 7. prAyazcita, 8. vinaya, 9. vaiyAvRttya, 10. svAdhyAya, 11. dhyAna aura 12. vyutsrg| (bhagavatI zataka 25 u.7 uttarAdhyayana30 gAthA 7 va 30 tattvArtha sUtra 9/19-20) tapa ke bAraha bhedoM meM se kisI se bhI puNya karma kA kSaya nahIM hotA hai, pratyuta puNya kA upArjana hI hotA hai| tapa ke bAraha bhedoM me svAdhyAya, dhyAna, kAyotsarga Adi tapoM kA vizeSa mahattva hai| ina sabase pApa karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai, parantu puNya karmoM kA kSaya na hokara upArjana hotA hai yathA- uttarAdhyayana sUtra adhyayana 29 pRcchA 28-svAdhyAya se jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA kSaya hotA hai| pRcchA 20- pratipRcchanA se kAMkSA mohanIya karma kA nAza hotA hai| pRcchA 22- sAdhaka anuprekSA se sAta karmoM kI pApa-prakRtiyoM ke gAr3ha bandhanoM ko zizila baMdha, dIrdha sthiti baMdha ko alpa sthiAti baMdha, tIvra anubhAga ko manda anubhAga, bahupradezI ko alpa pradezI karatA hai| pRcchA 44 - vaiyAvRttya se tIrthaMkara nAma gotrakarma kA baMdha karatA hai| pRcchA 12- kAyotsarga se AtmA-vizuddhi va zubha dhyAna karatA huA sukha se vicaratA hai| kAya gupti meM saMvara hotA hai aura phira saMvara ke pApa ke Asrava kA nirodha hotA hai| yahA~ saMvara se pApa ke Asrava kA nirodha honA bAtAyA hai, puNya ke Asrava kA nhiiN| jogasacceNaM jogaM visohii|| - uttarA a. 29 bola-52 satyayoga se yoga (mana-vacana-kAyA kI pravRtti) kI vizuddhi hotI hai| [136] jainatattva sAra

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dhammakahAe NaM nijjaraM jnnyi| dhammakahAe NaM pavayaNaM pbhaavei| pavayaNa-pabhAveNa jIve Agamissa bhaddattAe kammaM nibNdhi| -uttarA a. 29 bola 23 dharmakathA se jIva ke karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai, dharmakathA se jIva pravacana kI prabhAvanA karatA hai| pravacana kI prabhAvanA se AgAmI kAla ke bhadratA vAle Arthat bhaviSya meM zubha phaladAyaka puNya karmoM kA upArjana karatA hai| dharmakathA dharmadhyAna kI tRtIya bhAvanA hai| isase karmoM kI nirjarA hotI, hai, sthiti kA kSaya hotA hai aura zubha karmoM kA upArjana (Astrava) hotA hai| puNya ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai| ___ jahA u pAvagaM kammaM raagdossmjiyN| khavei tavasA bhikkhU tamegaggamaNo sunn||-30.1 bhikSu rAga-dveSa se upArjita pApa karma kA kSaya tapa se jisa prakAra karatA hai| use ekAgracita hokara suno| jahA mahAtalAyassa, sanniruddha jlaagme| ussicaNAe tavaNAe, karmeNaM sosnnaabhve|| evaM tu saMjayassAvi, paavkmmniraasve| bhavakoDi-saMciyaM kamma, tavasA nijjriji||- uttarA 30.5-6 jisa prakAra kisI bar3e tAlAba meM jala ke Ane ko roka dene para pahale kA zeSa jala ulIcane evaM tapane se sUkha jAtA hai, isI prakAra saMyamI sAdhu ke bhI pApa karmoM kA Astrava ruka jAne para tapa se karoDoM bhavoM ke karma nirjarita- kSINa ho jAte haiN| _isa gAthAoM meM tapa se pApa karmoM ke kSaya pApAstrava ke nirodha kA hI pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai, puNyAsrava ke nirodha kA nhiiN| "tavasA dhuNai purANapAvarga, jutto sayA tvsmaahie|" - dazavaikAlika sUtra a.9 u.4 gAthA 4 moha rahita hone meM, saMyama meM, Arjava, mArdava Adi guNoM meM aura tapa se rata sAdhu pUrvakRta pApa karmoM ko kSaya karatA hai aura navIna pApa karmoM kA baMdha nahIM karata hai| isa prakAra sAdhaka apane azubha karmoM kA kSaya kara dete haiN| nirjarA tattva [137]

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uparyukta gAthA meM saMyama se, Arjava Adi guNoM se arthAta kaSAya kI kamI se tathA tapa se kevala purAne pApa karmoM kA kSaya evaM naye pApa karmoM kA baMdha nahIM honA kahA gayA hai| yadi inase "puNya karmoM kA bhI honA tathA puNya karmoM kA nayA baMdha nahIM honA", gAthAkAra ko iSTa hotA to karma zabda ke pahale pApa vizeSaNa lagAne kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM hotii| pApa kA Asrava azubha yoga se, saMkleza bhAva se, kaSAya meM vRddhi hone se hotA hai ataH heya va tyAjya hai| isake viparIta puNya kA Asrava zubha yoga se vizuddhibhAva se, isalie kaSAya meM maMdatA hone se, AtmA ke pavitra hone se hotA hai| ataH sadaiva upAdeya hai| isalie jainAgamoM meM sarvatra pApAstrava ke tyAga kA hI vidhAna hai, Adeza hai upadeza hai| AgamoM meM kahI para bhI puNyAsrava ke tyAga kA pATha, upadeza, Adeza, nirdeza nahIM hai| AbhyaMtara tapoM meM kAyotsarga tapa sarvazreSTha tapa hai aura karmoM kI nirjarA va kSaya kA pramukha hetu hai| isa tapa se bhI pApa karmoM kA hI kSaya hotA hai, puNya karmoM kA nahIM, jaisA ki Avazyaka sUtra ke kAyotyarga ke pATha meM kahA hai-"pAvANaM kammANaM nigghAeNa ThAe ThAmi kAusaggaM" arthAt sAdhaka kahatA hai ki maiM pApa karmoM ke kSaya-nirjarA ke lie kAyotsarga karatA huuN|" yadi sAdhanA meM puNya karmoM kA kSaya va nirjarA bhI iSTa hotI tathA kAyotsarga puNya karmoM kA kSaya va nirjarA bhI hotI to kevala 'kammANaM' zabda hI paryApta hotA athavA 'savvANaM kammANaM arthAt saba karmoM ko kSaya karane ke lie (kAyotsarga karatA hU~) pATha AtA, parantu aisA nahIM hai| ataH kAyotsarga se puNya karmoM kA kSaya yA nirjarA nahIM hotI hai aura na yaha sAdhaka ke lie iSTa hI hai| ___ karma-nirjarA ke hetu tapa ke bhedoM meM dhyAna kA pramukha sthAna hai| dhyAna se pApa karmoM kI hI nirjarA hotI hai puNya karmo nirjarA nahIM hotI hai, apitu puNya kA anubaMdha hotA hai, jaisA ki maharSi zrI jinabhadragaNi viracita evaM zrI haribhadrasUri dvArA TIkA kRta 'dhyAna zataka' graMtha meM varNita-dharma dhyAna aura zukla-dhyAna ke phala se bhI spaSTa prakaTa hotA hai, yathAH hoMti suhAsava-saMvara viNijarA'marasuhAI viulaaii| jhANavarassa phalAiM suhANubaMdhINi dhmmss|| 93 // [138] jainatattva sAra

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te ya viseseNa subhAvAdao'NuttarAmarasuhaM c| doNhaM sukkANa phalaM parinivvANaM parillANaM / / 14 / / AsavadArA saMsAraheyavo jaMNa dhmm-sukkesu| saMsArakAraNAiM tao dhruvaM Na dhmmsukkaaii||15|| saMvara-viNijarAo mokkhassa paho tavoM taasiN| jhANaM ca pahANagaM tavassa to mokkhaheuyaM / / 16 / / arthAt-uttama dharmadhyAna se zubhAsrava (puNya karmoM kA Agamana) saMvara (pApAsava kA nirodha) nirjarA (saMcita karmoM kA kSaya) tathA amara (deva) sukha milate haiM evaM zubhAnubaMdhI (puNyAnubaMdha) vipula phala milate haiN|| 13 / / dharmadhyAna ke phala zubhAsrava, saMvara, nirjarA aura amarasukha inameM vizeSa rUpa se uttarottara vRddhi honA prAraMbha ke do zukla dhyAna (pRthavaktva vitarka savicAra aura ekatva vitarka avicAra) kA bhI phala hai| aMtima do zukla dhyAna sUkSmakriyA anivRtti aura samucchinna kriyA apratipAti kA phala mokSa kI prApti hai|| 14 / / jo mithyAtva Adi azubha AsravadvAra saMsAra ke kAraNa haiM ve cUMki dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna meM saMbhava nahIM haiM isaliye yaha dhruva niyama hai ki ye saMsAra ke kAraNa nahIM haiM, kintu saMvara aura nirjarA ye mokSa ke mArga haiM unakA patha tapa hai aura usa tapa kA pradhAna aMga dhyAna hai| ataH dhyAna mokSa kA hetu hai| (gAthA 95-96) dhyAna ke atiprAcIna evaM prAmANika dhyAnazataka grantha ke racanAkAra jaina jagata ke vikhyAta mahArSi zrI jinabhadragaNikSamAzramaNa evaM vRttikAra zrI haribhadrasUri haiN| jaina dharma kI donoM sampradAyoM meM isa graMtha kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| isa graMtha kI uparyukta gAthAoM se nimrAMkita tathya prakaTa hote hai| gAthA 93-94 meM zreSThadhyAna- dharmadhyAna kA pratipAdana karate huye kahA hai ki dharmadhyAna se (1) Asrava (2) saMvara (3) nirjarA (4) baMdha aura (5) devasukha hotA hai aura gAthA 93 meM ise mokSa kA hetu bhI kahA hai| pRthaktva vitarka savicAra zukla dhyAna jo upazama kaSAya vAle sAdhu ke hotA hai tathA ekatva vitarka avicAra zukla dhyAna jo kSapaka kaSAya vAle sAdhu ke hotA hai, ina donoM zukladhyAnoM kA phala bhI dharmadhyAna se hone vAle zubhAsrava, saMvara, nirjarA va mokSa kA honA kahA hai| nirjarA tattva [139]

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yahA~ yaha jijJAsA hotI hai ki Asrava aura saMvara donoM paraspara meM virodhI hai tathA nirjarA aura baMdha ye donoM bhI paraspara meM virodhI haiN| ina virodhiyoM kA dharmadhyAna va zukladhyAna meM eka honA kahA gayA hai, yaha kaise saMbhava hai? isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki yahA~ Asrava va baMdha meM zubhAsrava aura zubhAnubaMdha ko hI liyA hI liyA gayA hai, zubha karmoM ke saMvara va nirjarA ko nahIM liyA gayA hai| kAraNa ki dharmadhyAna Adi samasta sAdhanAoM se Atma-vizuddhi hotI hai, AtmA pavitra hotI hai, jisase puNya kA Asrava tathA puNya kA anubaMdha hotA hai| jisa samaya jisa puNya karmaprakRti kA Asrava va anubaMdha hotA hai usa samaya usakI virodhinI pApa karmaprakRti ke Asrava kA nirodha arthAt saMvara ho jAtA hai tathA pApa prakRtiyoM kI nirjarA (kSaya) hotI hai| puNya kA Asrava cAra aghAtI karmoM kA hI hotA hai| inameM se Ayu karma ko chor3akara zeSa vedanIya, gotra va nAma karma kI prakRtiyoM meM zubha athavA azubha donoM meM se kisI eka kA Asrava va baMdha niraMtara hotA rahatA hai| ataH jaba sAtAvedanI, ucca gotra, zubha gati va AnupUrvI, paMcendriya jAti, vajraRSabhanArAca saMhanna, samacaturastra saMsthAna, zubha varNa-gaMdha-rasa sparza, zubhavihAyogati, trasa, bAdara, paryApta, pratyeka, zubha, sthira subhaga, Adeya aura yazakIrti ina puNya prakRtiyoM kA Asrava evaM anubaMdha hotA hai taba inakI virodhinI pApa karma prakRtiyoM asAtAvedanIya, nIca gotra, azubha gati va AnupUrvI, azubha saMhanana-saMsthAna varNa-gaMdha-rasa-sparza, azubha vihAyogati, sthAvara, sUkSma, aparyApta, sAdhAraNa, azubha, asthira, durbhAgya, anAdeya aura ayazakIrti ke Asrava kA nirodha arthAt saMvara ho jAtA hai| baMdha ruka jAtA hai tathA sattA meM sthita pApa prakRtiyoM kI sthiti va anubhAga kA apavartana rUpa kSaya (nirjarA) hotA hai| ataH samasta sAdhanAoM se hone vAlI Atma-vizuddhi se zubhAsrava-zubhAnubaMdha hotA hai aura azubha (pApa) prakRtiyoM kA saMvara va nirjarA hotI hai| ataH sAdhaka ke liye pApa prakRtiyoM kA saMvara va inakI nirjarA hI iSTa hai, jaba Atma-vizuddhi se pApa prakRtiyoM kA saMvara va nirjarA hotI hai taba puNya prakRtiyoM kA Asrava va anubaMdha svataH hI hotA hai| __ ataH puNyAsrava kA nirodha va puNya karmoM ke anubhAga ke anubaMdha kA kSaya va nirjarA kisI bhI sAdhaka ke lie apekSita nahIM hai aura na kisI bhI sAdhanA se saMbhava hI hai| pratyeka sAdhanA se puNyAsrava va puNyAnabaMdha meM vRddhi hI hotI hai| isalie puNya ke Asrava ke nirodha ko saMvara meM aura puNya karmoM ke anubhAga baMdha ke kSaya ko nirjarA meM grahaNa nahIM kiyA hai, kyoMki puNyakarma kA saMvara aura anubhAva [140] jainatattva sAra

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kI nirjarA saMyama, tapa, tyAga Adi sAdhana se saMbhava nahIM hai| yahI tathya uparyukta gAthA 95 se prakaTa hotA hai| gAthA 93-94 meM to kahA hai ki dharma dhyAna evaM zukla dhyAna se zubhAsrava hotA hai aura isakI agalI gAthA meM yaha kaha diyA gayA ki Astrava dvAra saMsAra ke kAraNa haiM isaliye dharma dhyAna va zukla dhyAna se nahIM hote haiN| usase yaha spaSTa hai ki Agama meM Asrava dvAra unhIM ko kahA hai jo saMsAra vRddhi ke hetu haiN| zubhAsrava (puNyAsava) saMsAra vRddhi kA hetu nahIM hai apitu saMsAra kSaya kA sUcaka hai, isaliye puNyAsava nirodha ko saMvara kA hetu mAnanA Agama va karmasiddhAnta ke viparIta hai| sAdhanA ke kSetra meM kevala pApa ke Asrava ke nirodha ko aura nirjarA meM pApa karmoM ke kSaya ko hI grahaNa kiyA hai| dhyAna saba tapoM meM pradhAna tapa hai, karmoM kI nirjarA kA mukhya hetu hai| isase puNya kA Asrava hotA hai, puNyakarma kA nirodha (saMvara) va puNya ke phala kI nirjarA nahIM hotI hai| puNya kA Asrava va karma kA zubhAnubaMdha ye Atma-vizuddhi se hI hote haiN| ata: uparyukta gAthAoM meM inheM dharma dhyAna, zukla dhyAna kA phala kahA hai| inako tyAjya va heya nahIM batAyA hai| kevala pApa ke Asrava ke nirodha ko saMvara aura pApa karma ke kSaya ko nirjarA va mokSa tattva meM samAhita kiyA hai| dhavalA TIkA pustaka 13 gAthA 23 pRSTha 38 meM dharmadhyAna kI cAra bhAvanAeM pratipAdita haiM-(1) jJAnabhAvanA (2) darzanabhavanA (3) cAritrabhAvanA aura (4) vairaagybhvnaa| inameM se cAritra bhAvanA ke svarUpa va guNa ke viSaya meM kahA gayA hai navakammANAyANaM porANAviNijaraM subhaayaannN| cArittabhAvaNAe jhANamayatteNa ya smei| - dhyAnazataka, dhavala pu. 13 gAthA 26 artha-cAritrabhAvanA se navIna karmoM ke grahaNa kA abhAva, pUrva saMcita karmoM kI nirjarA, zubha (puNya) karmoM kA grahaNa (AdAna) aura dhyAna, ye binA kisI prayatna ke (svataH) hote haiN| pApAcaraNa (sAvadyayoga) kI nivRtti ko cAritra kahA hai| isake grahaNa kA nAma cAritra bhAvanA hai| isa bhAvanA se vartamAna meM Ate hue jJAnAvaraNAdi pApA karmoM kA nirodha aura pUrvopArjita inhIM pApa karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai tathA puNya karma prakRyioM ko grahaNa va dhyAna kI upalabdhi, ye saba anAyAsa (svataH) hote haiN| nirjarA tattva [141]

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yahA~ cAritra bhAvanA se navIna karmoM kA anAdAna pApa karmoM kA hI kahA gayA hai, zubha (puNya) karmoM kA nahIM kahA hai, balki yahAM puNya karmoM kA AdAna grahaNa honA kahA hai| isI prakAra zukladhyAna ke cAra Alambana kahe gae haiMaha khaMti maddava'jjavamuttIo jinnmdpphaannaao| AlaMbaNAI jehiM sukkajjhaNaM smaaruhi| - dhyAna zataka 69, dhavalaTIkA pustaka 13 gAthA 64 pRSTha 80 / artha-kSamA, mArdava, Arjava aura mukti ye jinamata meM dhyAna ke pradhAna AlaMvana yA aMga kahe gaye haiN| ina AlaMbanoM kA sahArA lekara dhyAtA zukla dhyAna para ArUDha hotA hai| lekhaka ne 'puNya-pApa tattva' pustaka ke 'puNya kA upArjana kaSAya kI kamI se' prakaraNa meM tattvArtha sUtra evaM bhagavatI sUtra ke uddharaNoM ke AdhAra para yaha siddha kiyA hai ki kSamA se sAtAvedanIya, mArdava se ucca gotra, Arjava se zubha nAma karma aura mukti se zubha Ayu kA zubhAsrava va zubhAnubaMdha hotA hai aura inhIM guNoM meM zukladhyAna hotA hai| arthAt jo zukladhyAna ke hetu haiM ve hI zubhAsrava, puNyAsrava yA zubhAnubaMdha ke bhI hetu hai| zukla dhyAna mokSa kA hetu hai| ataH zubhAsrava aura zubhAnubaMdha mokSa ke bAdhaka nahIM ho skte| kSamA, mArdava, Arjava va makti ina guNoM kI upalabdhi kramazaH krodha, mAna, mAyA va lobha kaSAya ke kSaya se hotI hai| ataH ye guNa jIva ke svabhAva haiM, dharma haiM, pariNAmoM kI vizuddhi ke dyotaka haiM zuddhopayoga haiM aura ina guNoM kA kriyAtmaka rUpa zubha yoga hai| ataH ye puNyAsrava ke hetu haiN| isase jayadhavala TIkA meM pratipAdita yaha kathana kI ki 'zuddhopayoga aura anukaMpA (zubha yoga) se puNyAsrava hotA hai', puSTa hotA hai| kaSAya kI hAni yA kSaya se hI pariNAmoM meM zuddha tathA yogoM meM zubhatA AtI hai, jisase hI puNya kA Asrava va anubaMdha hotA hai| karma-siddhAnta ke tAttvika vivecana se yaha spaSTa siddha hotA hai ki cAra ghAtI karmoM kI 47 pApa karma prakRtiyoM ke baMdha, udaya va sattA vItarAgatA, kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana aura kSAyika cAritra meM bAdhaka haiN| puNya karmoM kI koI bhI prakRti vItarAgatA meM, zukla dhyAna meM yA mukti mArga meM bAdhaka nahIM hai| kucha loga yaha mAnate haiM ki puNya ke Asrava kI hetu dayA, dAna, karuNA Adi sad pravattiyoM kA va zubha yoga tathA samiti gupti, saMyama Adi kA tyAga kiye binA vItarAgatA, kSAyika [142] jainatattva sAra

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cAritra, kevalajJAna, kevala darzana kI upalabdhi saMbhava nhiiN| hai| aisI mAnyatA nitAnta nirAdhAra hai evaM karma-siddhAnta, tattvajJAna va Agama-viruddha hai aura mAnavatA kI bhI ghora virodhI hai| vAstavikatA to yaha hai ki dayA, dAna, karuNA, anukaMpA, sevA saralatA, mRdutA Adi sad pravattiyoM va zubhayoga se tathA samiti, gupti, saMyama Adi samasta sAdhanAoM ke pApa karmoM ke Asrava kA nirodha arthAt saMvara va nirjarA se hI mukti kI upalabdhi hotI hai| saMkSepa meM kaheM to doSa yA pApa se AtmA azuddhaapavitra hotI hai| doSa yA pApa prANI ke karane se hotA hai, svata: nahIM hotA hai| ataH doSa ke tyAga se, doSa na karane se AtmA nirdoSa evaM pavitra hotI hai jisase puNya karmoM kA Asrava evaM anubandha hotA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki puNya karmoM kA Asrava evaM anubaMdhasa, nirdoSatA se, pApa ke tyAga se svataH hotA hai| ataH sAdhaka para pApa ke tyAga kA hI dAyitva hai, puNya kA nhiiN| puNyAsrava va puNyAnubaMdha pApa se tyAga se hotA hai| ataH puNya karma meM bhI mahatva pApa ke tyAga kA hI hai| isa kRti meM maiMne jo niSkarma die haiM, ve jainAgama evaM karma-siddhAnta ke graMthoM meM pratipAdita tathyoM ke AdhAra para sthApita haiN| maiMne lekhana meM taTastha evaM saMtulita dRSTikoNa apanAne kA evaM bhASA meM saMyata rahane kA prasAsa kiyA hai| tathApi mere kSAyopazamika jJAna meM kamI yA bhUla honA saMbhava hai| ataH maiM una sabhI AgamajJa vidvAnoM, tattvaciMtakoM evaM vicArako ke sujhAvoM, samIkSAoM, samAlocanAoM evaM mArga-darzana kA AbhArI rahU~gA, jo prastuta kRti kA taTastha bhAva se adhyayana kara apane mantavya se mujhe avagata kraayeNge| vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie 'nirjarA tattva' pustaka ke nimnAMkita adhyAya paThanIya haiM: nirjarA tattva meM pApakarmoM kI nirjarA hI iSTa hai, puNyakarmoM kI nahIM; duHkhamukti kA upAya : saMvara-nirjarA; karma-nirjarA kI sAdhanA : samyak tapa; karma-nirjarA kI prakriyA : tapa-sAdhanA; zubha va zuddhabhAva se karma kSaya hote haiM; upavAsa; vinaya; vaiyAvRttya; svAdhyAya evaM usake AnuSaGgika phala; svAdhyAya kA Abhyantara tapaparaka artha; dharmadhyAna : svarUpa, prakAra evaM uddezya; dharmadhyAna kI cAra bhAvanAe~; karmanirjarA evaM AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI prakriyA : dhyAna; dhyAna-sAdhanA kA manovaijJAnika pakSa; svAdhyAya, dhyAna tathA kAyotsarga se karma-nirjarA; dhyAnaviSayaka jijJAsAe~ aura smaadhaan| nirjarA tattva [143]

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Amukha (lekhaka kI mUla pustaka 'nirjarA tattva' se uddhRta) - dharmacanda jaina I pUrvopArjita karmoM kA kSaya kiye binA mokSa nahIM hotA / nirjarA meM karmoM kA kSaya do prakAra se hotA hai - svataH aura puruSArthata: / jaba karma svayaM apane nirdhArita samaya para udaya meM Ate haiM, taba karmoM kI svata: nirjarA hotI hai / yaha nirjarA sabhI saMsArI jIvoM ke niyamita rUpa se hotI rahatI hai| isa nirjarA se mokSa kA lakSya pUrNa nahIM hotA, kyoMki isameM adhika karmoM kI nirjarA nahIM hotI, sAtha hI navIna karmoM kA bandha bhI jArI rahatA hai| jaina pAribhASika zabdAvalI meM ise akAma nirjarA athavA savipAka nirjarA kahA jAtA hai| dUsare prakAra kI nirjarA ke lie tapa rUpI puruSArtha apekSita hai| isameM karma apane udaya kAla ke pUrva hI udIrNa hokara nirjarita ho jAte haiN| isa nirjarA ke antargata karmoM ke sthiti bandha aura anubhAga bandha kA apakarSaNa yA ghAta hotA hai| jisase karma tIvratA se nirjarita hote haiM / nirjarA kI yaha prakriyA puruSArthapUrvaka hotI hai, isalie ise puruSArthataH hone vAlI nirjarA kahA jA sakatA hai| jaina zabdAvalI meM ise sakAma nirjarA athavA avipAka nirjarA kahA gayA hai / prastuta pustaka ke lekhaka manISI vidvadvarga zrI kanhaiyAlAla jI lor3hA ne nirjarA tattva ke antargata dvitIya prakAra kI nirjarA ko hI sthAna diyA hai| karmoM kI nirjarA kA samyamdarzana aura samyamjJAna se ghaniSTha sambandha hai / inake hone para hI cAritra aura tapa samyak hote haiM / tapa ko nirjarA kA pramukha sAdhana pratipAdita karate hue yaha svIkAra kiyA gayA hai ki samyak jJAnI kA tapa ucchvAsa mAtra kAla meM karmoM kI jitanI nirjarA karatA hai utanI ajJAnI karor3oM varSoM meM bhI nahIM kara pAtA - jaM annANI kammaM khavei, bahuyAiM vAsakoDIhiM / taM nANI tIhiM gutto, khavei UsAsamitteNaM / / jJAnI ( samyadarzana yukta) bhI yaha karmakSaya mana, vacana aura kAyA kI gupti se yukta hokara tapa karane para kara pAtA hai / isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki sakAma nirjarA meM samyak darzana, samyak jJAna, samyak cAritra aura samyak tapa cAroM sahAyabhUta haiM / samyak darzana aura samyak jJAna isa nirjarA meM AdhAra bhUmi kA kArya karate haiM tathA samyakcAritra aura samyak tapa isa nirjarA meM anavarata vRddhi karate haiN| karma grantha, jaitattva sA [144]

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tattvArtha sUtra, gommaTasAra karmakANDa, paMcasaMgraha Adi granthoM meM guNazreNi kA nirUpaNa karate hue isa tathya ko spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| udAhAraNArtha devendra sUri viracita paMcama karmagrantha kI nimnAMkita gAthAeM ullekhanIya haiM sammadarasavvaviraI aNavisaMjoyadaMsakhavage y| mohasamasaMtakhavage khINasajogiyara gunnseddhii|| guNaseDhI dalarayaNANusamayamudayAsaMkhaguNaNAe eyaguNA puNa kamaso asaMkhaguNanijarA jiivaa|| -paMcama karmagrantha, 82 evaM 83 arthAt samyaktava, dezavirati, sarvavirati, anaMtAnubaMdhI kA visaMyojana, darzana mohanIya kA kSapaka, cAritra mohanIya kA upazamaka upazAnta moha, kSapaka kSINamoha, sayogI kevalI aura ayogI kevalI ye gyAraha guNa zreNiyoM ke sthAna haiN| karma ke udaya samaya se lekara prati samaya asaMkhyAtaguNe-asaMkhyAtaguNe karma dalikoM kI racanA ke guNazreNI kahate haiM / samyaktva, dezavirati, sarvavirati Adi guNa vAle jIva kramazaH asaMkhyAta guNI nirjarA karate haiN| sarvaprathama samyaktva yA samyagdarzana kI prApti ke samaya sthitighAta evaM rasaghAta hotA hai, phira guNazreNi ke anantara asaMkhyAta guNI karma-nirjarA hotI hai| isa nirjarA meM karmoM ke pradezodaya kA anubhava kiyA jAtA hai| samyaktva ke prAptikAla meM eka muhUrta taka jIva pratisamaya asaMkhyAta guNI karma nirjarA karatA hai| isake anantara jIva jaba dezavirati kA pAlana karatA hai arthAt aNuvratI banatA hai taba vaha dUsarI guNazreNi karatA hai| isameM pUrvApekSayA asaMkhyAta guNI karma nirjarA hotI hai| isI prakAra anantAnubaMdhI krodha, mAna, mAyA va lobha kA visaMyojana karatA hai taba bhI asaMkhyAta guNI karma nirjarA hotI hai| darzana mohanIya kI tInoM prakRtiyoM (mithyAtva moha, samyaktva moha, mizra moha) ke vinAza ko darzana mohanIya kA kSapaka kahA jAtA hai, yaha pA~cavI guNa zreNi hai| AThaveM, navameM aura dasaveM guNasthAna meM cAritra mohanIya kA upazama karate samaya chaThI guNazreNi hotI hai| upazAnta moha nAmaka gyArahaveM guNasthAna meM sAtavIM guNazreNi hotI hai| kSapakazreNi meM cAritra mohanIya kA kSapaNa karate samaya AThavIM guNazreNi hotI hai| kSINamoha nAmaka bArahaveM guNasthAna meM navamI guNazreNi hotI hai| sayogI kevalI nAmaka terahaveM guNasthAna me dasavIM aura ayogI kevalI nAmaka caudahaveM guNasthAna meM gyAhavIM guNazreNi hotI hai| ina sabhI nirjarA tattva [145]

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guNazreNiyoM meM uttarottara asaMkhyAta guNe asaMkhyAta guNe karma dalikoM kI guNazreNi nirjarA hotI hai| tattvArtha sUtra meM sayogI aura ayogI meM sthAna para 'jina' zabda kA prayoga huA hai| zeSa guNazreNiyoM kA ullekha yathAvat hai samyagdRSTizrAvakaviratAnantaviyojakadarzanamohakSapakopazama- kopazAntamoha kSapaka kssiinnmohjinaaHkrmsho'sNkhyeygunnnirjraaH| tattvArthasUtra 9/47) gommaTasAra jIvakANDa meM bhI inhIM guNazreNiyoM kA ullekha hai| yahA~ yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki jyoM jyoM guNazreNi bar3hatI hai tyoM tyoM saMkhyAta guNA kAla kama lagatA hai| 'nirjarA' jaina dharma-darzana meM mokSa kI sAdhanA mahattvapUrNa tattva hai| vaidika paramparA meM yaha mAnA jAtA hai ki kuta karmo ko bhoge binA unase chuTakArA nahIM milatA hai| kintu jaina-darzana meM nirUpita nirjarA tattva isa tathya kA pratipAdana karatA hai ki karmoM ko usI rUpa meM bhoge binA bhI usakA kSaya kiyA jA sakatA hai| karmoM ke anubhAga aura sthiti kA ghAta ho jAne se unheM bhoganA Avazyaka nahIM hotA, mAtra pradezodaya hI bhogA jAtA hai| Atma-pradezoM se karma-pudgala kA pRthak honA hI nirjarA hai- 'nirjaraNaM nirjarA, vizaraNaM prishttnmityrthH|" ina karma-pudgaloM kA vedanA kA kAla bhinna evaM nirjarA kA kAla bhinna hotA hai| isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki pradezodaya ke rUpa meM karmapudgala kA vedana hone ke anantara hI ve AtmA se pRthaka hote haiN| nirjarA ke aneka vidha prakAra ho sakate haiN| ATha prakAra ke karmoM kI nirjarA hone se nirjarA ke ATha prakAra bhI ho sakate haiM tathA nirjarA ke pramukha sAdhana tapa ke AdhAra para nirjarA ke 12 bheda bhI pratipAdita hai| bandhana aura makti kI prakriyA ko samajhane kI dRSTi se jaina darzana meM navatattva pratipAdita haiM- 1. jIva, 2. ajIva, 3 puNya, 4 pApa, 5 Astrava, 6 saMvara, 7 nirjarA, 8. bandha ora 9 mokss| inameM puNya, saMvara aura nirjarA ye tIna tattva jIva ko mokSa kI ora le jAte haiN| nirjarA ke lie tapa kA samyak ArAdhana Avazyaka hai| tapa bhI bAhya aura Abhyantara ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai| ina dono ke cha: bheda haiN| bAhya tapa ke chaH bheda haiM- 1. anazana, 2. UNodarI, 3 bhikSAcaryA (vRtti parisakhyAna) 4. rasaparityAga, 5 kAyakleza aura 6. prtisNliintaa| Abhyantara tapa ke chaH bheda isa prakAra haiM- 1 [146] jainatattva sAra

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prAyazcita, 2. vinaya. 3. vaiyAvRttya, 4 svAdhyAya, 5. dhyAna aura 6. vyutsrg| ye sabhI prakAra ke tapa pUrvabaddha karmoM ko nirjarita karane meM mahattvapUrNa sAdhana haiM tathA inase sakAma nirjarA yA avipAka nirjarA phalita hotI hai| pustaka meM tapa ke ina sabhI bhedoM kA karma-nirjarA ke pariprekSya meM sUkSma vivecana upalabdha hai| bAhya tapa meM anazana (upavAsa) para pRthaka adhyAya hai| Abhyantara tapa meM vinaya, vaiyAvRttya, svAdhyAya, dhyAna aura kAyotsarga kI bhI vizeSa adhyAyoM meM carcA kI gaI hai| pustaka-lekhana ke pIche lekhaka kI gahana antardRSTi chupI huI hai| nirjarA tattva para abhI taka koI svatantra prastaka dekhane meM nahIM aaii| isake pUrva tattva jJAna ko lekara lor3hA sAhaba kI tIna pustakeM prakAzita huI haiM- 1. jIva-ajIva tattva, 2. puNya-pApa tattva, 3. Asrava-saMvara tttv| usI krama meM yaha 'nirjarA tattva' pustaka bhI lekhaka ke gahana cintana manana aura AdhyAtmika dRSTi kA paricaya detI hai| prAyaH yaha mAnA jAtA hai ki mukti kI prApti ke lie puNya aura pApa donoM prakAra ke karmoM kI nirjarA Avazyaka hai| parantu isa mAnyatA para prahAra karate hue lekhaka ne AgamapramANa ke adhAra para yaha bhalI-bhAMti siddha kiyA hai ki nirjarA tattva meM pApa karmoM kI nirjarA hI iSTa hai, puNya karmoM kI nhiiN| samasta Agama-vAkya isI tathya ko puSTa karate haiM ki tapa se pApa karmoM kI hI nirjarA hotii| udAharaNa ke lietavasA dhuNai purANapAvagaM jutto sayA tvsmaahie| (dazavaikAlika sUtra 9.44) dhuNanti pAvAiM pure kddaaiN| (dazavaikAlika sUtra 3.38) isI prakAra uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke tIsaveM adhyayana meM bhI pApa karmoM kA kSaya karane kI preraNA kI gaI hai jahA u pAvagaM kammaM raagdossmjjiyN| khavei tavasA bhikkhU, tamegaggamaNo sunn||-uttraa. 301 lekhaka ne apane isa mantavya kI siddhi prAkkathana meM evaM pustaka ke dvitIya lekha meM kI hai| unake mantavya meM bahuta bar3A bala hai| kyoMki prArambha meM kSapakazreNi meM ArUDha hone para moha, jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa aura antarAya nAmaka pApa-karmoM kA hI kSaya kiyA jAtA hai| kisI bhI puNya karma kA kSaya nahIM kiyA jAtA hai| kevalajJAna hone ke pazcAt puNya karmoM kI bAhara prakRtiyA~ zeSa rahatI haiM, jo Ayu nirjarA tattva [147]

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kSINa hone ke sAtha samApta ho jAtI haiN| unakI nirjarA ke lie kisI tapa-sAdhanA kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotii| yaha avazya hai ki kevalajJAnI kevalisamudghAta karake anya karmoM kI sthiti ko bhI AyuSya ke samAna kara letA hai| lekhaka ne spaSTa zabdoM meM likhA haiM- 'nirjarA tattva meM pApa karmo kI hI nirjarA iSTa hai, puNya karmoM kI nhiiN| puNya karmoM kI samasta prakRtiyA~ pUrNa rUpeNa aghAtI haiN| inase jIva ke kisI bhI guNa kA aMzamAtra bhI ghAta nahIM hotA hai| apitu kSapaka zreNI kI utkRSTa sAdhanA ke samaya tapa se sattA meM sthita samasta puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhava bar3hakara utkRSTa hotA hai taba hI kevalajJAna hotA hai| puNya prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga mukti-prApti ke pUrva kSaNa taka utkRSTa hI rahatA hai| kevali-samudghAta, yoga nirodha Adi kisI bhI sAdhanA se yaha anubhAga kSINa nahIM hotA hai|" (pRSTa-4) 'puNya karmoM kI nirjarA do hI prakAra se ho sakatI hai- puNya karmoM kA udaya hone se unheM bhogakara athavA pApa pravRtti meM vRddhi hone se| ahiMsA, saMyama, tapa Adi samasta sAdhanAe~ doSoM ko, pApoM ko tyAgane ke lie hotI haiN| pApoM ke tyAga se pApa-karmoM kI hI nirjarA hotI hai, puNya karmoM kI nhiiN|" (pRSTa-7) eka yaha bhrAnta dhAraNA pracalita hai ki zubha-bhAva se karma kSaya nahIM hotA, pratyuta karma bandhana hotA haiN| lor3hA sAhaba ne isa dhAraNa para pustaka ke 'zubha va zuddha bhAva se karmakSaya hote haiM, lekha meM prahAra karate hue yaha pramANita kiyA hai ki zubha va zuddha bhAvoM se karmo kA kSaya na mAnA jAye to phira karmoM kA kSaya ho hI nahIM sktaa| zvetAmbara paramparA meM zubha yoga ko saMvara kahA gayA hai| zubha yoga jahA~ Asravanirodha kA kAraNa hai, vahA~ karma kSaya kA bhI hetu hai, kyoMki tapa-sAdhanA meM bhAvoM kI zuddhatA hI mukhya hai| samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna ke binA tapa meM bhI bhAvoM kI zuddhatA nahIM AtI hai aura tapa hI nirjarA kA pramukha sAdhana hai| bhAvoM kA nirupaNa karate hue unheM pA~ca prakAra kA pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai1. aupazamika, 2. kSAyika, 3 kSAyopazamika, 4. audayika aura 5. paarinnaamik| inameM se audayika bhAvoM se karmabandha hotA hai| aupazamika, kSAyika aura kSAyopazamika bhAvoM se mokSa hotA hai tathA pAriNAmika bhAva bandha aura mokSa donoM meM hetu nahIM hai| lekhaka ne yaha bhalI-bhA~ti pratipAdita kiyA hai ki kaSAya meM kamI honA zubha bhAva hai| zubha bhAva kI utpatti kaSAya ke udaya se athavA kisI azubha karmodaya se mAnanA Agama-viruddha hai| rAga ko prazasta yA zubha mAnanA karma-siddhAnta yA jainAgama se mela nahIM khaataa| vItarAga deva, guru, dharma va guNIjanoM ke prati jo pramoda bhAva hotA [148] jainatattva sAra

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hai vaha rAga nahIM, anurAga hai, prema hai / rAga tyAjya hotA hai, anurAga nahIM / rAga meM AkarSaNa aura bhoga hotA hai, anurAga meM pramoda aura prasannatA hotI hai, bhoga nahIM / zuddha va zubha bhAva se AyI kaSAya kI kamI se kAmanA, mamatA, ahaMtA, kartutva bhAva aura bhoktRtva bhAva meM kamI AtI hai / (draSTavya pRSTa 48 ) / kaSAya kI kamI rUpa kSAyopazamika bhAva se ghAtI karmoM kA kSayopazama rUpa kSaya hotA hai aura aghAtI karmoM kI zubha prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga bar3hatA hai / (pRSTa 51 ) lekhaka ne yaha dRr3hatApUrvaka pratipAdita kiyA hai puNya kA anubhAga kisI bhI sAdhanA se kSaya nahIM ho sakatA / unhoMne likhA hai ki yadi kisI ko puNya ke anubhAga kA kSaya iSTa hI ho to usakA ekamAtra upAya hai- saMkleza bhAva / pApa kI vRddhi hI ekamAtra puNya ke anubhAga ke kSaya kA upAya hai anya koI upAya merI jAnakArI meM nahIM hai / (pRSTha 53 ) lekhaka ne zvetAmbara aura digambara sampradAya ke mAnya granthoM ke AdhAra para nirUpita kiyA hai ki zubha pariNAmoM kI vRddhi se puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai, jisase pApa - prakRtiyoM ke sthiti bandha tathA anubhAga bandha va puNya prakRtiyoM ke sthiti bandha kA kSaya hotA hai / lor3hA sAhaba ne uparyukta mantavyoM kI puSTi dazavaikAlika sUtra, uttarAdhyayana sUtra, dhyAnazataka dhavalATIkA Adi karmagrantha granthoM se kI hai| nirjarA tattva [149]

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baMdha tattva baMdha tattva kA svarUpa baMdha-tattva meM karmabaMdha se saMbaMdhita varNana hai| karma-baMdha kI paribhASA karate hue karmagrantha ke prathama bhAga meM kahA hai "kIrai jieNa heuhi, jeNaM to bhaNNae kmm|" (gAthA 1) jIva ke dvArA mana, vacana, kAyA kI kaSAya Adi hetuoM se jo kriyA kI jAtI hai, use karma kahate haiM arthAt jIva dvArA kaSAyayukta pravRttiyoM ke kAraNa se jo Atma-pradezoM meM parispaMdana hotA hai, jisake AkarSaNa se AtmA se bhinna pudgala (kArmaNa vargaNA) cumbaka kI taraha AkarSita hokara Atma-pradezoM se sambaddha va ekarUpa ho jAte haiM, ise hI karma-baMdha kahate haiN| Azaya yaha hai ki indriya, mana Adi se jo kriyA kI jAtI hai, usase karmabaMdha hotA hai aura jo kriyA svataH hotI hai, usase karma-baMdha nahIM hotA hai| kAraNa ki karane meM kriyA yA pravRtti kA rAga aura sukha pAne rUpa phala kI icchA hotI hai arthAt kartRtva-bhoktRtva bhAva hotA hai, isase usa kriyA kA prabhAva Atma-pradezoM para, aMta:karaNa para aMkita hotA hai aura sthita rahatA hai, yahI karma-baMdha hai athavA yoM kaheM ki indriyoM kI viSaya meM pravRtti do prakAra kI hotI hai- 1. svayaM ke dvArA kI jAne vAlI aura 2. svataH hone vAlI / udAharaNArtha- 1. cakSu indriya se kisI sundara dRzya ko dekhane kI ruci honA aura usa suMdaratA se sukha bhogane ke lie pravRtti karanA tathA sukha kA bhoga krnaa| isase usakA prabhAva aMkita honA, saMskAra nirmANa honA karma-baMdha hai tathA 2. nayana kholane se aneka dRzyoM kA dikhAI denA, parantu unase sukha [150] jainatattva sAra

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na lenA, bhalA-burA na samajhanA, unake prati rAga-dveSa na honA, unakA prabhAva aMkita na honA bandha nahIM hai| isI prakAra cakSuindriya se aneka dRzya svataH dikhAI dene se karma-baMdha nahIM hotA hai| koI vyakti zarIra meM tela (sneha) lagAkara dhUla meM leTe, to dhUla usake zarIra ke cipaka jAtI hai, usI prakAra Atma-pradezoM meM jaba rAga-dveSa se parispanda, prakampana hotA hai taba Atma-pradezoM ke sAtha karma pudgala sambaddha ho jAte haiN| isa prakAra jIva aura karma kA Apasa meM bandha hotA hai| jaise dUdha aura pAnI kA, Aga aura lohe ke gole kA sambandha hotA hai, usI prakAra jIva aura karma-pudgala kA sambandha hotA hai, baMdhana hotA hai| ___'baMdhana' hai- para se jur3anA, parAdhIna honaa| parAdhInatA duHkha hai| ataH sarvaprathama baMdhana ke svarUpa ko samajhanA Avazyaka hai| vastutaH yaha baMdhana bAharI nahIM hai, apitu prANI kI kriyAoM va icchAoM se nirmita Antarika bandhana hai, jise jaina darzana meM karma-baMdha honA kahA hai| manovaijJAnikoM ke anusAra hama jo bhI kriyA, kAya yA vicAra kI pravRtti karate haiM, usake prabhAva kA biMba, citra yA rUpa hamAre aMta:stala para aMkita ho jAtA hai| ise sAdhAraNa bhASA meM 'saMskAra par3anA' va jaina darzana meM 'karmabaMdha' kahA jAtA hai| hamArI pratyeka pravRtti ke anurUpa saMskAra kI saMracanA anavarata hotI rahatI hai tathA ina saMskAroM kA antaratama meM saMcaya hotA rahatA hai, jo bhaviSya meM upayukta samaya Ane va anukUla nimitta milane para abhivyakta hokara prANI ko apanA pariNAma bhogane ke lie vivaza karate haiN| prANI kA aMta:karaNa yA aMtastala eka kaimare meM lagI philma ke samAna hai| isa philma meM prANI socatA hai, vicAratA hai, icchA karatA hai, vedana karatA hai Adi jo bhI pravRtti yA kriyA karatA hai, una sabake citra sadaiva aMkita hote rahate haiN| philma para lage hue rAsAyanika padArtha evaM bAhara se par3ane vAle pratibiMba, ina donoM ke saMyoga se hI citra kA nirmANa hotA hai| bAhara se vastu, ghaTanA kA antaHkaraNa para jaisA pratibiMba par3atA hai, usI ke anurUpa anta:karaNa kI philma para citra banatA hai| pratibiMba jitanA prakAzamaya va spaSTa hotA hai, citra bhI utanA hI adhika spaSTa prakaTa hotA hai, ubharatA hai| aMdhere meM citra spaSTa nahIM AtA hai| philma para pArA Adi jaisA maMda- tIvra rAsAyanika padArtha lagA hotA hai, citra utane hI adhika va kama kAla taka Tikane vAlA tathA sAdA va raMgIna AtA hai| isI prakAra mana, vacana tathA tana kI pravRtti jaisI hotI hai, vaisI hI prakRti banatI hai, jitanI adhika pravRtti hotI hai, prakRti utanI hI baMdha tattva [151]

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pragAr3ha va ghanIbhUta hotI hai, bhItara ke bhAvoM kA rasa rAsAyanika padArthoM ke samAna hai| ataH rasa yA kaSAya jitanA adhika hotA hai, prakRti utane hI adhika kAla taka sthita rahane vAlI hotI hai tathA rasa yA kaSAya ke anurUpa hI prakRti zubha-azubha yA tIvra-maMda phala dene vAlI hotI hai| ina citroM kA nirmANa Atma-pradezoM ke samIpavartI ati sUkSma pudgala kArmaNavargaNAoM se hotA hai| kArmaNa-vargaNAoM se nirmita ina citroM ko karma kahA jAtA hai| AtmA dvArA grahaNa kiye una karmoM ke samudAya ko kArmaNa zarIra kahate haiN| yaha kArmaNa zarIra prANI ke aMta:sthala meM sadaiva vidyamAna rahatA hai| prANI kI zarIra, indriya, mana, buddhi, bala, prANa Adi kA nirmANa isI ke anusAra hotA hai| yaha kArmaNa zarIra hI prANI kA bhAgya vidhAtA hai| isI meM prANI ke sabhI bhale-bure kAmoM kA, karmoM kA lekhA-jokhA rahatA hai aura usI ke anusAra bhalA-burA, zubha-azubha phala milatA hai| zubha phala ko saubhAgya tathA azubha (bure) phala ko durbhAgya kahA jAtA hai| karma-baMdha kA mukhya kAraNa kaSAya hai, yoga nahIM jaina-darzana meM yoga aura kaSAya ye do karma-baMdha ke kAraNa kahe gaye haiN| yoga se karmoM kA prakRti aura pradeza baMdha hotA hai tathA kaSAya se sthiti aura anubhAga baMdha hotA hai, aisA kahA gayA hai, so yathArtha hI hai| kAraNa ki yogoM kI pravRtti se karmoM kI racanA (sarjana) aura kaSAya se karmoM kA baMdha hotA hai| karma siddhAnta kA yaha niyama hai ki pravRtti ke binA koM yA dalikoM kA arjana nahIM ho sakatA aura karmoM kA arjana hI nahIM ho to baMdha kisakA hogaa| ataH yogoM ke abhAva meM baMdha kA abhAva hogaa| isa prakAra karma-baMdha kI maulika sAmagrI kA nirmANa yogoM se hotA hai| parantu karma dalikoM (pradezoM) kA arjana honA aura usakA baMdha honA ye donoM eka bAta nahIM hai| vItarAga kevalI ke yogoM kI pravRtti hai, ataH karma-dalikoM kA arjana to hotA hI rahatA hai, parantu karma-baMdha nahIM hotA hai| vizva meM karma-vargaNA sarvatra vidyamAna hai aura AtmAe~ bhI sarvatra vidyamAna haiM arthAt jahA~ karma vargaNA vidyamAna hai vahA~ AtmA bhI vidyamAna hai, phira bhI una karma vargaNAoM kA AtmA ke sAtha baMdha nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki unakA AtmA ke sAtha saMbaMdha sthApita nahIM huA hai| karmoM kA AtmA ke sAtha sthApita yA sthita honA hI karma-baMdha hai aura ye karma jitane kAla taka sthita raheMge vaha hI sthiti baMdha hai| isa [152] jainatattva sAra

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prakAra AtmA ke sAtha karmoM kA sthita honA aura sthiti baMdha kA ghaniSTha saMbaMdha hai aura sthiti baMdha hotA hai kaSAya se| isa dRSTi se karma-baMdha kA pradhAna kAraNa kaSAya hai| "goyamA! cauhiMThANehiM aTTha kamma payaDio baMdhasu, baMdhati, baMdhissati taMjahAkoheNaM, mANeNaM mAyAe, lobheNaM / daM. 1-24 evaM neraDyA jAva vemaanniyaa|" ___ -pannavaNA pada 14, dravyAnuyoga pRSTha 1093 he gautama! jIvoM ne cAra kAraNoM se ATha karma prakRtiyoM kA baMdha kiyA hai, karate haiM aura kareMge, yathA krodha se, mAna se, mAyA se aura lobha se| isI prakAra nairayikoM se lekara vaimAnikoM taka 24 daNDakoM meM jAnanA caahiye| vastutaH kaSAya hI baMdha kA kAraNa hai, yoga nhiiN| yoga se kevala karmoM ke dalikoM (pradezoM) kA arjana hotA hai, baMdha nhiiN| kyoMki jina karmoM kA sthiti baMdha nahIM hotA unakA na prakRti baMdha hotA hai, na pradeza-baMdha aura na anubhAga bNdh| ye tInoM prakAra ke baMdha sthiti baMdha hone para hI saMbhava haiN| yaha niyama hai ki kaSAya kI vRddhi se pUrva saMcita samasta pApa prakRtiyoM kI sthiti va anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai tathA kaSAya kI kamI se sthiti va anubhAga meM kamI hotI hai| niSkarSa yaha hai ki karmoM kA baMdha, sattA, udvartana (vRddhi), apavartana (kamI), kSaya Adi karmoM kI samasta sthitiyA~ kaSAya para hI nirbhara karatI haiN| kahA bhI hai- "kaSAyamuktiH kila muktireva" arthAt kaSAya mukti hI vAstavika mukti hai| karma siddhAnta ke vibhinna ghaTaka 'karma' zabda kA artha kriyA hai arthAt jIva dvArA kI jAne vAlI kriyA yA pravRtti ko karma kahate haiN| pravRtti kA prabhAva prANI ke aMtastala para saMskAra rUpa meM aMkita hotA hai| ise hI jainadarzana meM karmabaMdha kahA hai| isa adhyAya meM karma siddhAnta-viSayaka vibhinna ghaTakoM kA saMkSepa meM vivecana kiyA jAegA, yathAprakRti, sthiti, anubhAga evaM pradeza baMdha, karma kI ATha prakRtiyA~, karma-vipAka ke cAra prakAra, karaNa-siddhAnta aadi| baMdha catuSTaya jaina dharma meM pravRtti ke mAnasika, vAcika aura kAyika ye tIna prakAra kahe haiN| jina pravRttiyoM se Atma-pradezoM meM spaMdana (halacala) ho, prabhAva par3e arthAt unase baMdha tattva [153]

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sambandha sthApita ho jAya, una pravRttiyoM ko yoga kahA hai| kAraNa ki isase prANI usa pravRtti yA prakRti se jur3a jAtA hai| yoga se Atma-pradezoM para par3A prabhAva, citra yA aMkita saMskAra jisa prakAra kA hai, use prakRti baMdha kahate haiN| pravRttiyoM kI prabalatA se, saghanatA se usa prabhAva kA citra jitanA spaSTa aMkita hotA hai evaM prabhAva jitanA puSTa hotA hai, use pradeza baMdha kahA jAtA hai| isalie prakRti aura pradeza ke baMdha kA kAraNa yoga yA pravRtti ko batAyA gayA hai| ina tInoM pravRttiyoM meM jaisI tIvra maMda rasAnubhUti hotI hai vaisA hI tIvra-maMda rasabaMdha yA anubhAga baMdha hotA hai aura usa rasAnubhUti kI pragAr3hatA jitanI adhika hotI hai, utane hI adhika kAla taka vaha Tikane vAlA hotA hai| isa kAla maryAdA ko sthiti baMdha kahA hai| rasAnubhUti ko jaina darzana meM anubhAga kahA hai tathA jaina darzana meM kaSAya ko hI sthiti va anubhAga baMdha kA kAraNa kahA hai| isa prakAra karma baMdha ke 1. prakRti baMdha 2. sthiti baMdha 3. anubhAga baMdha aura 4. pradeza baMdha, ye cAra prakAra haiN| baMdha-sattA-udIraNA-udaya karma-baMdha ke ye cAroM prakAra bhaviSya meM phala dene se sambandha rakhate haiN| kisI kriyA yA kArya kA prabhAva AtmA meM aMkita honA karma-baMdha hai| aMta:karaNa para par3e prabhAva kA prakAzana bhaviSya meM hI sambhava hai| prabhAva kA yaha prakAzana hI karma kA pariNAma hai| karma ke isa pariNAma ko, karma-vipAka yA karmodaya kahA gayA hai| yaha prabhAva kA prakAzana athavA udaya tadanukUla vibhinna kAraNa milane para hI prakaTa hotA hai| jaba taka prakaTa nahIM hotA, taba taka vaha saMskAra aMta:karaNa meM, acetana mana meM, kAraNa zarIra meM, kArmaNa zarIra meM aMkita rahatA hai, usameM sphuraNA nahIM hotii| phira bhI saMskAra kA sattva vidyamAna rahatA hai| ise karma kI sattA kahA jAtA hai| nimitta Adi kisI kAraNa se usa saMskAra meM prakaTa yA udaya hone ke lie sphuraNA honA udIraNA kahA jAtA hai aura usa sphuraNA kA pravRtti rUpa meM prakaTa honA udaya kahA jAtA hai| karma prakRtiyA~ ___ karma kI mUla prakRtiyA~ ATha haiM- 1. jJAnAvaraNIya 2. darzanAvaraNIya 3. vedanIya 4. mohanIya 5. Ayu 6. nAma 7. gotra 8. antraay| (1) jJAnAvaraNIya : jo jJAna kA, viveka kA AvaraNa kare, vaha jJAnAvaraNIya hai| AvaraNa usI para hotA hai, jo vastu maujUda hai| zarIra Adi jo vastue~ utpanna huI haiM unakA vyaya yA vinAza avazyambhAvI hai| isI prakAra indriya sukha, viSaya sukha [ 154] jainatattva sAra

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kSaNika haiM, asthAyI haiN| hameM vinAzI vastu yA kSaNika sukha nahIM cAhie, apitu avinAzI tattva, sthAyI(zAzvata), akSaya, svAdhIna sukha cAhie, yaha mA~ga sabhI kI hai| jisakI pUrti vinAzI ke tyAga se tathA viSaya sukha ke tyAga se hI sambhava hai| yaha saba jJAna sabhI ko hai, yaha nija jJAna hai, Atma-jJAna hai| phira bhI hama kSaNika sukha ke naze ke moha meM mUrcchita hokara isa jJAna ke anurUpa AcaraNa nahIM krte| isa jJAna kA anAdara, upekSA karate haiM, phalataH isa jJAna kA prabhAva (prakAza) hamAre para prakaTa nahIM hotA, jisase prANI vinAzI vastuoM ke bhogoM meM gRddha rahatA hai| isa prakAra jAnane kI zakti rUpa jJAna kA prakAzana na honA, AvRtta rahanA jJAnAvaraNIya karma hai| isa karma kI mati, zruta, avadhi, manaHparyAya aura kevalajJAna para AvaraNa rUpa pA~ca prakRtiyA~ haiN| (2) darzanAvaraNIya : sva-saMvedana ko arthAt nijacetanA ke anubhava ko darzana kahate haiN| viSaya bhoga ke moha va Asakti se jar3atA AtI hai, jisase svasaMvedana rUpa nija cetanA kI zakti (anubhava) prakaTa nahIM hotI hai, Avarita ho jAtI hai, ise hI darzanAvaraNIya karma kahate haiN| isakI pA~ca nidrA evaM cAra darzana para AvaraNa rUpa nau prakRtiyA~ haiN| ___(3) vedanIya : jo saMvedanA prakaTa hotI hai usameM anukUla saMvedanA kA sAtA ke rUpa meM aura pratikUla saMvedanA kA asAtA ke rUpa meM vedana (anubhava) karanA, ye vedanIya karma ke sAtA-asAtA rUpa do bheda haiN| (4) mohanIya : indriyoM ke viSaya-bhogoM meM gRddha va mohita (mUrcchita) honA apane avinAzI, nirvikAra, paramAnanda svarUpa kA bhAna bhUla jAnA, usase vimukha ho jAnA mohanIya karma hai| isakI anantAnubaMdhI krodha, mAna Adi 28 prakRtiyA~ haiN| (5) AyuSya : AsurI, pAzavika, mAnavIya Adi prakRtiyoM kA dRr3hatama hokara sthAyI rUpa le lenA phira usI prakAra kA zarIra va bhava dhAraNa karanA Ayu karma hai| isakI tiryaMca, manuSya, deva aura naraka cAra prakRtiyA~ haiN| (6) nAma : zarIra, mana, vacana se saMbaMdhita pravRttiyA~ evaM prakRtiyA~ nAma karma haiN| ye gati, jAti, zarIra Adi ke bhedoM se 93 prakRtiyA~ haiN| (7) gotra : zarIra, rUpa, bala, buddhi, vastu Adi kI prApti ke AdhAra para apanA mUlyAMkana karanA abhimAna (mada) karanA arthAt gaurava va hInatA kA anubhava karanA gotra karma hai, yaha ucca gotra va nIca gotra ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai| baMdha tattva [155]

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(8) aMtarAya : dAna (karuNA, udAratA, kRpA), lAbha (abhAva kA abhAva, aizvarya, pUrNatA), bhoga (nirAkula sukha kA anubhava), upabhoga (nirAkulatA ke sukha kI prati kSaNa akSaya nUtana anubhUti honA), vIrya (sAmarthya yA parAkrama), inakI abhivyakti meM moha ke kAraNa vighna par3atA hai| yaha vighna hI aMtarAya karma hai| ___ ina AThoM karmoM kA vizad varNana lekhaka kI baMdha-tattva pustaka meM pratyeka karma ke varNana ke prAraMbha meM diyA gayA hai| karma 8 hI hote haiN| nikAcit aura sAmudAyika karma nahIM hote, karma kI avasthAe~ hotI haiM / yahA~ karma kI sAmudAyika avasthA kA varNana kiyA jA rahA hai:sAmudAyika karma sAmudAyika karma kA artha pracalita mAnyatAnusAra aneka jIvoM ke samudAya ke kisI ghaTanA vizeSa meM eka sAtha karma kA baMdhanA tathA phira usa baMdhe hue karma kA eka sAtha udaya meM AnA jisake pariNAmasvarUpa una jIvoM ke samudAya kI eka sAtha mRtyu hone athavA anya koI eka-sA phala dene vAlI ghaTanA mAnA jAtA hai| parantu yaha mAnyatA jaina karma siddhAntAnusAra vicAraNIya hai, yathA- karma kA baMdha cAra prakAra kA hai| usameM se sthiti tathA anubhAga baMdha kaSAya (rAga-dveSa-moha) se hotA hai| kaSAya bhAva kinhIM do vyaktiyoM kA bhI samAna nahIM hotaa| ataH kinhIM do vyaktiyoM kA sthiti va anubhAga baMdha bhI samAna nahIM ho sakatA tathA pUrva meM baMdhI huI karma kI sthiti va anubhAga meM usa jIva ke kaSAya meM vRddhi va Asa hone se niraMtara saMkramaNa hotA rahatA hai| isa niyama ke anusAra pUrva meM baddha karma ke sthiti va anubhAga meM parivartana hotA rahatA hai| karma kA udaya karma kI sthiti va anubhAga baMdha ke anusAra hotA hai| ataH aneka vyaktiyoM kA samudAya to dUra rahA, kinhIM do vyaktiyoM ke karmabaMdha kI sthiti va anubhAga samAna nahIM ho sakate, aura na kisI eka vyakti kI baMdhI huI karma kI sthiti va anubhAga hI antarmuhUrta taka bhI eka se rahate haiN| ataH kinhIM jIvoM ke samudAya kI eka sI karma sthiti baMdhanA tathA sthiti eka sI samAna honA kaise saMbhava hai? kadApi nhiiN| yahI tathya anubhAga baMdha para bhI ghaTita hotA hai arthAt anubhAga bhI ekasA nahIM rhtaa| ataH eka samAna phala nahIM mila sktaa| ___ uparyukta viSaya meM Ayu karma apanI vizeSatA rakhatA hai| tadanusAra usakI sthiti meM nirantara parivartana nahIM hotA hai, parantu tiryaMca, manuSya aura deva ina tInoM Ayu karmoM kI sthiti zubha pariNAmoM se baMdhatI hai, kaSAya kI kSINatA se baMdhatI hai| [156] jainatattva sAra

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kaSAya-vRtti sabakI samAna rUpa se kSINa nahIM hotii| ataH Ayu karma kI sthiti bhI do vyaktiyoM kI samAna baMdhane kI saMbhAvanA nahIM hai tathA Ayu karma agale eka bhava ke sivAya Age ke bhavoM kA nahIM baMdhatA hai| ataH aneka bhava ke pazcAt kisI samudAya ke jIvoM kA eka sAtha Ayukarma udaya meM Ave aura usa karma ke kAraNa Ayu samApta hone se eka sAtha durghaTanA meM mare yaha bhI karma siddhAnta ke anusAra phalita nahIM hotA hai tathA ucita pratIta nahIM hotA hai| yadi kisI durghaTanA meM bahuta se jIvoM ke samudAya kI eka sAtha mRtyu honA sAmudAyika karma baMdha va usake udaya kA pariNAma mAnA jAya to bAdhA utpanna hotI hai| udAharaNArtha jaba koI vyakti jamIkaMda khAtA hai to usameM suI ke agrabhAga jitane se bhAga meM sthita anantAnaMta jIvoM ke eka sAtha Akasmika durghaTanA ghaTatI hai, jisameM anantAnaMta jIvoM kI mRtyu ho eka sAtha jAtI hai| una anantAnaMta jIvoM kI mRtyu kA kAraNa sAmudAyika karma baMdha mAnA jAya to prazna upasthita hotA hai ki aisA sAmudAyika karma baMdha anantAnaMta jIvoM ne kahA~ bAMdhA? kAraNa ki saMpUrNa pRthvIkAya ke jIva, samasta sAgaroM ke jala ke jIva, samasta agnikAya, teukAya, vAyukAya ke jIva, samasta beindriya, teindriya, caurindriya, paMcendriya jIva milakara bhI sAmudAyika karma bAMdhe to unakI saMkhyA asaMkhyAta hI rahegI, ananta nahIM hogii| ataH una ananta jIvoM kI durghaTanA va mRtyu kA kAraNa sAmudAyika karma baMdha nahIM ho sktaa| ataH sAmUhika va sAmudAyika mRtyu kA kAraNa sAmudAyika mAnanA karma-siddhAnta sammata nahIM hai| bhUkampa, bAr3ha, tUphAna, dAvAnala va kisI bhI Akasmika durghaTanA meM hajAroM paMcendriya jIvoM kI aura asaMkhyAta ekendriya jIvoM kI eka sAtha mRtyu hotI hai| una jIvoM ke Ayu karma kA eka sAtha kSaya hotA hai| mRtyu ke kAraNa meM anya kisI karma prakRti kA sambandha nahIM jur3atA hai| yaha niyama hai ki nATaka Adi ghaTanAoM meM sabhI jIva Ayu karma na to 1. eka sAtha bAMdhate haiM 2. na eka samAna bAMdhate haiM aura 3. na aneka bhava kA bAMdhate haiN| ataH sAmudAyika kriyA se Ayu karma kA baMdha sabhI jIvoM kA eka sAtha-eka samAna honA saMbhava hI nahIM hai aura na eka sAtha udaya Akara kSaya honA hI saMbhava hai| eka bhava se adhika AyuoM kA baMdha na hone se agale bhava meM hI saba jIvoM ko eka sAtha sAmudAyika karma bhoganA par3e yaha bhI saMbhava nahIM hai| 4. bhUkampa, bAr3ha, dAvAnala Adi ghaTanAoM meM manuSya yA paMcendriya prANI hI nahIM caturindriya, teindriya, beindriya, ekendriya asaMkhya jIva eka sAtha marate haiM to kyA unake sabakA baMdha tattva [ 157]

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vaha sAmudAyika karma kA udaya hai? Ayu karma vartamAna jIvana ke antima kSaNa meM athavA Ayu kA tihAI bhAga zeSa rahane para baMdhatA hai| kisI bhI ghaTanA meM vahA~ sthita sabhI jIvoM ke Ayu kA aMtima kSaNa va Ayu kA tihAI bhAga zeSa nahIM ho sktaa| ataH samudAya ke sabhI jIvoM ke eka sAtha evaM eka samAna sthiti vAlA Ayukarma kA baMdha honA saMbhava nahIM hai Ayu karma kevala usake AgAmI eka bhava kA hI baMdhatA hai, usase Age ke bhavoM kA nahIM baMdhatA hai| yadi sAmudAyika karma kA pracalita artha svIkAra kiyA jAya to kisI ghaTanA ke samaya baMdhane vAle Ayu karma ko bhogane ke lie samudAya ke sabhI jIvoM kA agale bhava meM eka hI sthAna meM janma lenA Avazyaka hogA, jo asaMbhava hai| jisa samaya durghaTanA ghaTatI hai usa samaya manuSya ke samudAya ke sAtha dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya makkhI, macchara Adi hajAroM trasa jIva evaM pRthvI, jala Adi asaMkhya sthAvara jIva bhI usa durghaTanA ke kAraNa marate haiM use sAmudAyika karma va udaya kA phala mAnA jAtA hai to una anya jIvoM kA maraNa bhI usI sAmudAyika karma ke udaya kA pariNAma mAnanA hogA, jo Agama sammata va yuktisaMgata nahIM hai| hamAre bhojana karate samaya vanaspati kAya ke aMnata jIvoM, vAyukAya, pRthvIkAya, apkAya Adi ke asaMkhyAta jIvoM kI Akasmika durghaTanA se, mRtyu ho rahI hai| ataH ina saba jIvoM ke sAmudAyika karma kA udaya mAnanA hogA, jo ucita nahIM hai| karma siddhAnta kA yaha niyama hai ki kinhIM do prANiyoM kA karma paraspara jur3akara udaya meM nahIM AtA hai| kAraNa ki pratikSaNa pratyeka prANI ke karma meM udvartana, apavartana, saMkramaNa rUpa se parivartana hotA rahatA hai| ataH pratyeka ghaTanA meM sabhI jIvoM kA apanA-apanA karma hI udaya meM AtA hai, vaha kisI anya prANI ke karma se jur3akara udaya meM nahIM A sktaa| yadi jur3akara udaya meM AtA hotA to Agama meM va karma siddhAnta ke granthoM meM usakA kahIM na kahIM ullekha avazya hotA / parantu mere dekhane meM aisA kahIM nahIM aayaa| sAmudAyika karma kA jahA~ bhI ullekha AyA hai vahA~ vaha kevala ATha karmoM meM se kitane kamoM ke samudAya kA arthAt 8 karma, 7 karma, 6 karma ke samudAya kA baMdha hotA hai, isa prakAra kA ullekha AyA hai| kahIM para bhI jIvoM ke samudAya kA eka juTa hokara karma bAMdhane va udaya Ane kA varNana nahIM AyA hai| AzA hai karma-siddhAnta vizeSajJa isa viSaya para vizeSa prakAza ddaaleNge| [158] jainatattva sAra

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karma vipAka ke prakAra karma-prakRtiyoM ko vipAka (phaladAna) kI dRSTi se cAra bhAgoM meM bAMTA gayA hai| 1. jIva vipAkI, 2. bhava vipAkI 3. kSetra vipAkI aura 4. pudgala vipaakii| (1) jIvavipAkI-jina prakRtiyoM ke udaya se jIva ke svabhAva para, cetanA para sIdhA prabhAva par3atA hai, ve prakRtiyA~ jIva vipAkI haiN| vedanIya kA prabhAva jIva para sAtA (sukha) aura asAtA (duHkha) vedanA rUpa se tathA gotra karma kA prabhAva jIva para U~ca-nIca bhAva ke rUpa meM hotA hai| ataH ina donoM karmoM kI cAra prakRtiyA~ bhI jIva vipAkI kahI gaI haiM tathA nAma karma kI gati kI cAra, jAti kI pA~ca, zubha aura azubha vihAyogati tathA trasa, bAdara, paryApta, subhaga, susvara, Adeya aura yazakIrti ye sAta evaM ina prakRtiyoM se itara sthAvara Adi sAta tathA zvAcchozvAsa tIrthaMkara nAma ye 76 prakRtiyA~ jIva ko prabhAvita karatI haiM, ataH ye prakRtiyA~ jIva vipAkI haiN| (2) pudgala vipAkI : zarIra pudgala se nirmita hai, ataH zarIra aura zarIra se saMbaMdhita prakRtiyA~ pudgala vipAkI kahI gaI haiN| yathA- pA~ca zarIra, zarIroM kI asthiyoM kI racanA rUpa chaha saMhanana, zarIroM kI AkRti rUpa chaha saMsthAna, zarIroM ke tIna aMgopAMga, zarIra ke varNa, gaMdha, rasa, sparza evaM zarIra se saMbaMdhita aguru-laghu, nirmANa, Atapa, udyota, upaghAta, parAghAta, sAdhAraNa, pratyeka, zubha, azubha, sthira, asthira ye 36 prakRtiyA~ pudgala vipAkI haiN| inameM ghara, saMpatti, bhUmi, bhavana Adi zarIra se bhinna pudgala kA koI bhI prakRti nahIM hai| (3) bhava vipAkI : Ayu karma kI narakAdi cAroM prakRtiyoM kA vipAka bhava Azrita hai| ataH ye cAra prakRtiyA~ bhava vipAkI haiN| (4) kSetra vipAkI: narakAdi cAroM AnaparvI kI ye cAra prakatiyA~ narakAdi gati kI ora hI gati karAtI haiM, gati meM Abaddha rakhatI haiM, ata: ye narakAdi prakRtiyA~ sthiti yA sthAna, kSetra se saMbaMdhita hone se kSetra vipAkI kahI gaI haiN| prakRtiyoM ke vipAka kA uparyukta vibhAjana bar3A hI maulika, vyAvahArika va yuktiyukta hai| ina prakRtiyoM meM prAkRtika ghaTanAoM va paristhitiyoM se utpanna garmI, sardI Adi RtuoM kA honA, akAla-sukAla kA honA, mahAmArI kA honA evaM Arthika, sAmAjika, pArivArika, rAjanaitika sthitiyoM va vyavasthAoM ko, kahIM bhI karmodaya ke pariNAma ke rUpa meM nahIM batAyA gayA hai| baMdha tattva [159]

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karaNa- siddhAnta : eka vivecana jaina-darzana kI dRSTi meM karma bhAgya vidhAtA hai| jaina karma-granthoM meM karma - baMdha aura karmaphala bhoga kI prakriyA kA ati vizada varNana hai / unameM jahA~ eka ora yaha vidhAna hai ki baMdhA huA karma phala diye binA kadApi nahIM chUTatA hai, vahIM dUsarI ora una niyamoM kA bhI vidhAna hai, jinase baMdhe hue karma meM aneka prakAra se parivartana bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai| karma baMdha se lekara phala- bhoga taka kI inhIM avasthAoM va unake parivartana kI prakriyA ko zAstra meM karaNa kahA gayA hai| karma-baMdha va udaya se milane vAle phala ko hI bhAgya kahA jAtA hai / ata: 'karaNa' ko bhAgya parivartana kI prakriyA bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| 'mahApurANa' meM kahA hai vidhiH, sraSTA, vidhAtA, daivaM karma purAkRtam / Izvarazceti, payAryAH karmavedhasaH // 437 // vidhi, sraSTA, vidhAtA, daiva, purAkRta karma, Izvara ye karmarUpI brahmA ke paryAyavAcI zabda haiN| arthAt karma hI vAstava meM brahmA yA vidhAtA hai| karaNa ATha haiM- 1. baMdhana karaNa 2. nidhatta karaNa 3. nikAcita karaNa 4. udvartanA karaNa 5. apavartanA karaNa 6. saMkramaNa karaNa 7. udIraNA karaNa aura 8. upazamanA karaNa / karma-siddhAnta viSayaka gommaTasAra karmakANDa, paMcasaMgraha, kammapayaDi Adi granthoM meM ina ATha karaNoM meM karmoM kI ATha avasthAoM kA varNana hai, jinakA vivecana vanaspati vijJAna evaM cikitsA zAstrake niyamoM va dRSTAntoM dvArA manovijJAna evaM vyAvahArika jIvana ke AdhAra para prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai| ( 1 ) bandhana karaNa- karma paramANuoM kA AtmA ke sAtha sambandha hone ko baMdha kahA jAtA hai| yahA~ karma kA baMdhanA yA saMskAra rUpa bIja kA par3anA baMdhana karaNa hai| ise manovijJAna kI bhASA meM granthi-nirmANa bhI kahA jA sakatA hai / jisa prakAra zarIra meM bhojana ke dvArA grahaNa kiyA gayA acchA padArtha zarIra ke lie hitakara aura burA padArtha ahitakara hotA hai isI prakAra AtmA dvArA grahaNa kie gae zubha-karmaparamANu AtmA ke lie suphala - saubhAgyadAyI evaM grahaNa kie gae azubha karmaparamANu AtmA ke lie kuphala- durbhAgyadAyI hote haiM / ataH jo durbhAgya ko dUra rakhanA cAhate haiM unheM hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla, parigraha, krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha Adi pApa pravRttiyoM - azubha karmoM se bacanA cAhiye kyoMki inake phalasvarUpa duHkha milatA hI hai| aura jo saubhAgya cAhate haiM, unheM sevA, paropakAra, vAtsalya bhAva Adi jaitattva sA [160]

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puNya pravRttiyoM, zubha karmoM ko apanAnA caahiye| kAraNa ki jaisA bIja boyA jAtA hai, vaisA hI phala lagatA hai| kisI kI hiMsA yA burA karane vAle ko phala meM hiMsA hI milane vAlI hai, burA hI hone vAlA hai| bhalA yA sevA karane vAle kA usake phalasvarUpa bhalA hI hotA hai| kisI viSaya, vastu, vyakti, ghaTanA, paristhiti Adi ke prati anukUlatA meM rAga rUpa pravRtti karane se usake sAtha sambandha sthApita ho jAtA hai| yaha sambandha hI baMdha hai, bandhana hai| isa prakAra rAga-dveSa karane kA prabhAva cetanA ke guNoM para kyA, una guNoM kI abhivyakti se saMbaMdhita mAdhyama zarIra, indriya, mana, vANI Adi para bhI par3atA hai| ataH rAga-dveSa rUpa jaisI pravRtti hotI hai, vaise hI karma baMdhate haiM tathA jitanI-jitanI rAga-dveSa kI adhikatA-nyUnatA hotI hai, utanIutanI baMdhana ke Tikane kI sabalatA-nirbalatA tathA usake phala kI adhikatAnyUnatA hotI hai| isalie jo vyakti jitanA rAga-dveSa kama karatA hai, samadRSTi rahatA hai, vaha pApa karma kA baMdha nahIM karatA hai| ata: baMdha se bacanA hai, to rAga-dveSa se bacanA caahiye| niyama- 1. karma baMdha kA kAraNa rAga-dveSa yukta pravRtti hai| 2. jo jaisA acchA-burA karma karatA hai, vaha vaisA hI sukha-duHkha rUpa phala bhogatA hai| 3. bandhe hue karma kA phala avazyameva svayaM ko hI bhoganA par3atA hai| koI bhI anya vyakti va zakti usase chuTakArA nahIM dilA sktii| nidhatta karaNa karma kI vaha avasthA jisameM sthiti tathA rasa meM saMkramaNa aura udaya nahIM ho, parantu sthiti aura rasa meM ghaTa-bar3ha (aparvatana-udvartana) ho sake, use nidhattikaraNa kahate haiN| udAharaNArtha maleriyA, tapedika, haijA Adi ke viSANu zarIra meM praviSTa ho jAyeM aura vahA~ unameM bAharI prabhAva ho hAni-vRddhi hotI rahe, parantu ve bAhya meM roga ke rUpa meM prakaTa nahIM ho tathA davA ke prabhAva se bhI unakA rUpAntaraNa nahIM ho, isI prakAra sattA meM sthita jina karmoM kA kaSAya ke ghaTane-bar3hane se unake sthiti evaM anubhAga meM ghaTa-bar3ha apakarSaNa-utkarSaNa (apavartana-udvartana) ho, parantu unakA anya sajAtIya karma-prakRtiyoM meM rUpAntaraNa (saMkramaNa) na ho tathA udaya bhI na ho, karma kI aisI avasthA ko nidhattikaraNa kahate haiN| niyama- nidhattakaraNa meM saMkramaNa evaM udaya (udIraNA) nahIM hote haiN| baMdha tattva [161]

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nikAcita karaNa gommaTasAra karmakANDa gAthA 440 ke anusAra karma kI vaha avasthA jisameM udaya (udIraNA), saMkramaNa, utkarSaNa, apakarSaNa Adi kucha bhI nahIM ho, karma jaisA baMdhA hai usI avasthA meM rahe, ise nikAcita karaNa kahate haiN| yathA kisI roga ke viSANu zarIra ke bhItara praveza kara gaye hoM phira ve jyoM ke tyoM vidyamAna raheM, unameM kucha bhI parivartana nahIM ho, usI taraha jisa baMdhe hue sattA meM sthita karma meM utkarSaNa Adi se kucha bhI parivartana nahIM ho, karma kI isa avasthA ko nikAcita karaNa kahate hai| jaise AgAmI bhava kA baMdhA huA Ayu karma jo sattA meM sthita hai usameM agale bhava meM udaya ke pUrva utkarSaNa Adi kisI karaNa kA nahIM honA nikAcita karaNa hai| niyama- nikAcita karaNa meM udaya-udIraNA, saMkramaNa, utkarSaNa, apakarSaNa nahIM hote haiN| nidhattakaraNa aura nikAcita karaNa ye donoM hI karaNa apanA kucha bhI prabhAva nahIM dikhAte haiM arthAt jIva ko sukha-duHkha, hAni-lAbha nahIM pahu~cAte haiM, ataH niSprayojana haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki kammapayaDi, paMcasaMgraha Adi karma-siddhAnta ke graMthoM meM jahA~ saMkramaNa, udvartana, apavartana, upazama Adi karaNoM kA vizada varNana hai aura TIkAkAroM ne bhI inakA vistAra se vivecana kiyA hai, parantu nidhatta aura nikAcita ina donoM karaNoM kA kucha vivecana na karake kevala itanA hI kahA hai ki nidhattakaraNa meM udaya va saMkramaNa nahIM hotA aura nikAcita karaNa meM udIraNA, udaya, saMkramaNa, udvartana, apavartana Adi karaNa nahIM hote haiN| nikAcita karaNa hotA hai karma nahIM katipaya vidvAnoM kI yaha dhAraNA hai ki nikAcita karma hotA hai aura usakA baMdha hotA hai| parantu karma-siddhAnta meM mUla karma ATha evaM inakI eka sau ar3atAlIsa prakRtiyAM kahI haiN| inameM nikAcita karma va usake baMdha hone kA kahIM bhI ullekha nahIM hai| karma siddhAnta meM nikAcita ko eka prakAra kA karaNa kahA hai| karaNa karma kI vartamAna avasthA ko kahA jAtA hai| jaisA ki kahA hai baMdhukkaTTaNakaraNaM saMkamamokaTudIraNA sttN| udayuvasAmaNidhattI NikAcaNA hodi pddipyddii|| - gommaTasAra karmakANDa, gAthA 437 [162] jainatattva sAra

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artha- (1) baMdha (2) utkarSaNa (3) saMkramaNa (4) apakarSaNa (5) udIraNA (6) sattva (7) udaya (8) upazama (9) nidhatti aura (10) nikAcanA- ye dazakaraNa pratyeka karma prakRti ke hote haiN| Age kI tIna gAthAoM meM inakI vyAkhyA karate hue kahA hai ki kamoM kA AtmA se sambandha honA baMdha hai| kamoM kI sthiti tathA anubhAga kA bar3hanA utkarSaNa karaNa hai| baMdha rUpa karma prakRti kA dUsarI karma prakRti rUpa pariNamana honA saMkramaNa karaNa hai| sthiti tathA anubhAga meM kamI honA apakarSaNa karaNa hai| udaya se anyatra sthita karma ko udayAvalI meM lAnA udIraNA hai| karma kA astitva (sattA) meM rahanA sattva hai| karma kA phala denA udaya hai| jo karma udayAvalI meM prApta na kiyA jAya arthAt udIraNA ko prApta na ho to vaha upazama karaNa hai| jo karma udIraNA aura saMkramaNa ko prApta na ho use nidhatti karaNa kahate haiM aura jisa karma kI udIraNA, saMkramaNa, utkarSaNa aura apakarSaNa ye cAroM hI avasthAe~ nahIM hoM use nikAcita karaNa kahate haiN| Age prakRtiyoM tathA guNasthAnoM meM karaNoM kI saMkhyA batAte hue kahA hai saMkamaNAkaraNUNA NavakaraNA hoMti svvaauunnN| sesANaM dasakaraNA apuvvakaraNotti dasa krnnaa|| -gommaTasAra karmakANDa, 441 sabhI cAroM Ayu karmoM meM saMkramaNa karaNa ke binA zeSa nau karaNa hote haiN| aura zeSa saba karma prakRtiyoM ke AThaveM apUrvakaraNa guNasthAnaparyanta dasa hI karaNa hote haiN| Age kahA gayA hai ki upazAnta kaSAya paryanta devAyu kA bhI apakarSaNa hotA hai arthAt devAyu bhI nikAcita nahIM hai| ___ karmasiddhAnta meM yaha niyama hai ki bhAvoM kI vizuddhi se tIna zubha Ayu ko chor3akara zeSa sattA meM sthita samasta pApa-puNya karma prakRtiyoM kI sthiti kA apakarSaNa hotA hai, pApa prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kA bhI apakarSaNa hotA hai tathA puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kA utkarSaNa hotA hai| isake viparIta sattA meM sthita sAtoM karmoM ke samasta pApa-puNya prakRtiyoM ke sthiti baMdha kA saMkeza bhAvoM se utkarSaNa hotA hai tathA pApa prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kA bhI utkarSaNa hotA hai aura puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kA apakarSaNa hotA hai| isI prakAra Ayu karma kI cAra prakRtiyoM ke binA zeSa karma prakRtiyAM jo abhI udaya meM nahIM A rahI haiM, parantu sattA meM sthita haiM, baMdha tattva [163]

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una sabakA apanI sajAtIya karma prakRtiyoM meM saMkramaNa hokara pradeza udaya hotA hai| cAritra kI kSapaka zreNI ke pUrva taka kisI bhI sannI manuSya ke anta:koTAkoTi sAgara se kama sthiti baMdha nahIM hotA hai tathA sattA meM sthita karma-prakRtiyoM kA sthiti baMdha bhI anta:koTAkoTi sAgara se kama nahIM hotA hai| parantu antarmuhUrta meM use kevalajJAna ho jAtA hai aura una saba karma prakRtiyoM kI sthiti kA apakarSaNa hokara usakI Ayu ke samAna kSaya ho jAtA hai| ataH koTAkoTi sAgara taka koI bhI prakRti udaya meM nahIM AtI hai, ataH koI bhI prakRti nikAcita nahIM ho sktii| cAroM ghAtI karmoM kI samasta karma-prakRtiyoM ke sthiti baMdha kA apakarSaNa hokara kSaya ho jAtA hai ataH inakA baMdha nikAcita nahIM aura aghAtI karma kI sattA meM sthita 85 prakRtiyoM meM vedanIya karma kA sAtA vedanIya- asAtA vedanIya meM udayamAna prakRti meM saMkramaNa hotA hI rahatA hai| nAma aura gotra karma meM bhI zubha prakRtiyoM meM azubha prakRtiyoM kA saMkramaNa nirantara hotA rahatA hai| nAma aura gotra karma kI udayamAna prakRtiyoM kI udIraNA bhI hotI rahatI hai| isa prakAra samasta ghAtIkarma kI prakRtiyoM kA, vedanIya, nAma va gotra karma kI prakRtiyoM kA apakarSaNa hone se nikAcana karaNa saMbhava nahIM hai| udayamAna Ayu karma meM apUrva guNasthAna ke pUrva taka udIraNA hotI hai ataH Ayu karma meM bhI nikAcana karaNa saMbhava nahIM hai| sattA meM sthita Ayu karma meM jaba utkarSaNa-apakarSaNa nahIM hotA hai taba nikAcana karaNa saMbhava hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki kisI karma 'prakRti kA', utkarSaNa, apakarSaNa, saMkramaNa, udIraNA rUpa meM nahIM hotA hai| isI prakAra nidhatta va nikAcita baMdha bhI nahIM hotA hai| ye saba karaNa haiM arthAt karma kI avasthAe~ haiN| jisa samaya karmaprakRti kA sthiti yA anubhAga ghaTatA hai usa samaya vaha apavartana karaNa kahalAtA hai, jisa samaya bar3hatA hai usa samaya utkarSaNa karaNa kahalAtA hai| isI prakAra jisa karma prakRti meM jisa samaya udIraNA, utkarSaNa, apakarSaNa va saMkramaNa ye cAroM bAteM nahIM hotI haiM usa samaya taka vahA~ usakA nikAcita karaNa kahalAtA hai| jaba usI prakRti meM utkarSaNa hotA hai to utkarSaNa karaNa kahalAtA hai| prAyaH sabhI karma prakRtiyoM ke sthiti, anubhAga va pradeza baMdha meM satata parivartana hotA rahatA hai| parantu abAdhAkAla meM udIraNA karaNa, udvartana karaNa, apavartana karaNa evaM saMkramaNa karaNa nahIM hotA hai| usa samaya usa prakRti meM anya karaNa nahIM hone se nikAcanA karaNa kahA jaayegaa| eka hI karma prakRti meM jisa samaya apakarSaNa hotA hai usa samaya apakarSaNa karaNa kahalAtA hai| usI prakRti meM phira jisa samaya utkarSaNa hotA hai usa samaya utkarSaNa karaNa kahalAtA hai| usa [164] jainatattva sAra

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prakRti meM jisa samaya saMkramaNa hotA hai usa samaya saMkramaNa karaNa kahA jAtA hai| isI prakAra jisa samaya usa prakRti meM udIraNA, utkarSaNa, apakarSaNa va saMkramaNa ye cAroM nahIM hote haiM usa samaya nikAcanA karaNa kahA jAtA hai| nikAcanA karaNa kA yaha artha yA abhiprAya yaha nahIM hai ki phira usameM kabhI udvartana, apavartana, saMkramaNa karaNa nahIM hogaa| udavartanA, apavartanA, udIraNA, upazamanA Adi anya karaNoM kA vizad varNana pustaka meM diyA gayA hai| yahA~ saMkramaNa karaNa kI vizeSatA kA varNana kiyA jA rahA hai:saMkramaNa saMkramaNa : kisI prakAra ke vizeSa parivartana yA rUpAntaraNa ko saMkrAnti yA saMkramaNa kahate haiN| jaise eka kSetra se dUsare kSetra (sthAna) meM cale jAnA, kSetra saMkramaNa hai| eka Rtu ke cale jAne se dUsarI Rtu kA A jAnA, kAla saMkramaNa hai| kisI vyakti se prema haTakara anya vyakti se prema ho jAnA bhAva saMkramaNa hai| isI prakAra karma jagata meM bhI saMkramaNa hotA hai| isakA sAmAnya niyama yaha hai ki pUrva meM baMdhI huI karma prakRtiyoM kA saMkramaNa yA rUpAntaraNa vartamAna meM baMdhane vAlI karma prakRtiyoM meM hotA hai| jIva ke vartamAna pariNAmoM ke kAraNa se jo prakRti pUrva meM baMdhI thI, usakA nyUnAdhika va anya prakRti rUpa meM parivartana va pariNamana ho jAnA, karma kA saMkramaNa hai| saMkramaNa ke cAra bheda haiM- 1. prakRti saMkramaNa 2. sthiti saMkramaNa 3. anubhAga saMkramaNa aura 4. pradeza sNkrmnn| ___(1) prakRti saMkramaNa : karma kI kisI prakRti kA anya prakRti meM parivartana honA, prakRti saMkramaNa hai| karma kI jJAnAvaraNIya Adi ATha mUla prakRtiyA~ haiN| inameM paraspara saMkramaNa nahIM hotA hai| ina AThoM karmoM meM se pratyeka kI vibhinna saMkhyA meM uttara prakRtiyA~ haiN| pratyeka karma kI ina uttara prakRtiyoM meM hI arthAt sajAtIya karma prakRtiyoM meM hI saMkramaNa hotA hai| anya jAtIya karma prakRtiyoM meM saMkramaNa nahIM hotaa| yaha dhruva niyama hai| isameM kahIM apavAda nahIM hai| jaise jJAnAvaraNIya karma kI kisI prakRti kA darzanAvaraNIya Adi anya sAta karmoM kI kisI prakRti meM saMkramaNa nahIM hotaa| jJAnAvaraNIya karma kI matijJAnAvaraNIya Adi pA~coM uttara prakRtiyoM meM hI saMkramaNa hotA hai| baMdha tattva [ 165]

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sajAtIya karma kI uttara prakRtiyoM meM paraspara saMkramaNa hone kA jo niyama hai usake bhI kucha apavAda haiN| jaise darzana mohanIya kI prakRtiyoM kA cAritra mohanIya kI prakRtiyoM meM saMkramaNa nahIM hotA tathA Ayu karma kI cAroM prakRtiyoM kA paraspara saMkramaNa nahIM hotA, ityaadi| (2) sthiti saMkramaNa : karmoM kI sthiti meM saMkramaNa arthAt parivartana honA, sthiti saMkramaNa hai| vaha 1. apavartanA 2. udvartanA va 3. para prakRti rUpa pariNamana se hotA hai| karma kI sthiti kA ghaTanA, apavartanA yA apakarSaNa hai| sthiti kA bar3hanA, udvartanA yA utkarSaNa hai| prakRti kI sthiti kA samAna jAtIya anya prakRti kI sthiti meM parivartana karanA, prakRtyantara pariNamana saMkramaNa hai| (3) anubhAga saMkramaNa : anubhAga meM parivartana honA, anubhAga saMkramaNa hai| sthiti saMkramaNa ke samAna anubhAga saMkramaNa bhI, 1. apakarSaNa 2. utkarSaNa 3. para prakRti rUpa tIna prakAra kA hai| (4) pradeza saMkramaNa : pradezAgra kA anya prakRti ko le jAyA jAnA, pradeza saMkramaNa hai| saMkramaNa kA sAmAnya niyama yaha hai ki jisa prakRti kA jahA~ taka baMdha hotA hai usa prakRti kA anya sajAtIya prakRti meM saMkramaNa vahIM taka hotA hai| jaise asAtAvedanIya kA baMdha chaThe guNasthAna taka va sAtA vedanIya kA baMdha terahaveM guNasthAna taka hotA hai| ataH sAtA vedanIya kA asAtAvedanIya meM saMkramaNa chaThe tathA asAtAvedanIya kA sAtA vedanIya meM saMkramaNa terahaveM guNasthAna taka hotA hai| Upara varNita saMkramaNa ke cAroM bhedoM kA sambandha saMkezyamAna evaM vizuddhayamAna arthAt pApa va puNya pravRttiyoM se hai| jaise-jaise vartamAna meM pariNAmoM meM vizuddhi AtI jAtI hai, vaise-vaise pUrva meM baMdhI huI pApa pravRttiyoM kA anubhAga va sthiti svata: ghaTatI jAtI hai evaM puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga (rasa) svataH bar3hatA jAtA hai| isake viparIta jaise-jaise pariNAmoM meM malinatA bar3hatI jAtI hai, vaise-vaise sthiti bar3hatI jAtI hai evaM pApa vikRtiyoM kA anubhAga pahale se adhika bar3hatA jAtA hai aura puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga ghaTatA jAtA hai| isa prakAra pratikSaNa pUrva meM baMdhe hue samasta karmoM ke sthiti va anubhAga baMdha meM ghaTa-bar3ha nirantara calatI rahatI hai| eka kSaNa bhI aisA nahIM bItatA hai, jisameM pUrva meM baMdhe koM kI yaha ghaTa-baDha rukatI ho| saMkramaNa-karaNa prakriyA ke isa siddhAnta se spaSTa hai ki pUrva upArjita karmoM meM sadaiva [166] jainatattva sAra

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parivartana calatA rahatA hai / sAmAnyataH koI bhI baMdhA huA karma eka kSaNa bhI jyoM kA tyoM nahIM rahatA hai| saMkramaNa kI yaha prakriyA prAkRtika vidhAna se prANimAtra meM nirantara calatI rahatI hai / parantu yaha kisI Izvara, devI, devatA, vyakti Adi kI kRpAakRpA ke Azraya se nahIM calatI hai, apitu apane hI pariNAmoM ke kAraNa, kAraNakArya ke niyama ke anusAra calatI hai| isameM manamAnI ko kahIM bhI koI sthAna nahIM hai / saMkramaNa prakriyA kA 'jayadhavalA TIkA', 'karma- prakRti' Adi granthoM meM hajAroM pRSThoM meM sUtrAtmaka rUpa meM vivecana hai| yaha saba kA saba mAnasika graMthiyoM se mukti pAne ke upAya ke rUpa meM hone se bar3I manovaijJAnika evaM mAnava jAti ke lie atyanta upayogI va mahattvapUrNa hai| pahale kaha Ae haiM ki pUrva meM bandhe karma kI prakRti kA apanI jAtIya anya prakRti meM rUpAntarita ho jAnA saMkramaNa karaNa kahA jAtA hai| vartamAna meM vanaspati vizeSajJa apane prayatna vizeSa se khaTTe phala dene vAle paudhe ko mIThe phala dene vAle paudhe ke rUpa meM parivartita kara dete haiM / nimna jAti ke bIjoM ko ucca jAti ke bIjoM meM badala dete haiN| isI prakriyA se gulAba kI saikar3oM jAtiyA~ paidA kI gaI haiN| vartamAna vanaspati vijJAna meM isa saMkramaNa prakriyA ko saMkara- prakriyA kahA jAtA hai, jisakA artha saMkramaNa karanA hI hai| isI saMkramaNa karaNa kI prakriyA se saMkara makkA, saMkara bAjarA, saMkara gehU~ ke bIja paidA kie gae haiN| isI prakAra pUrva meM baMdhI huI karmaprakRtiyA~ vartamAna meM baMdhane vAlI karma prakRtiyoM meM parivartita ho jAtI haiM, saMkramita ho jAtI haiN| athavA jisa prakAra cikitsA ke dvArA zarIra ke vikAra grasta aMga hRdaya, netra Adi ko haTAkara unake sthAna para svastha hRdaya, netra Adi sthApita kara aMdhe vyakti jo sUjhatA kara dete haiM, rugNa hRdaya ko svastha banA dete haiM tathA apaca yA maMdAgni kA roga, siradarda, jvara, nirbalatA, kabja yA atisAra meM badala jAtA hai| isase duharA lAbha hotA hai - 1. roga ke kaSTa se bacanA evaM 2. svastha aMga kI zakti kI prApti / isI prakAra pUrva kI baMdhI huI azubha karma prakRti ko apanI sajAtIya zubha karma prakRti meM badalA jAtA hai aura isase unake duHkhada phala se bacA jA sakatA hai| karma - siddhAnta meM nirUpita saMkramaNa- prakriyA ko Adhunika manovijJAna kI bhASA meM mArgAntarIkaraNa kahA jA sakatA hai| yaha mArgAntarIkaraNa yA rUpAntaraNa do prakAra kA hai - 1. azubha prakRti kA zubha prakRti meM aura 2 zubha prakRti kA azubha prakRti meM | zubha (udAtta) prakRti kA azubha (kutsita) prakRti meM rUpAntaraNa aniSTakArI baMdha tattva [167]

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hai aura azubha (kutsita) prakRti kA zubha (udAtta) prakRti meM rUpAntaraNa hitakArI hai| vartamAna manovijJAna meM kutsita prakRti ke udAtta prakRti meM rUpAntaraNa ko udAttIkaraNa kahA jAtA hai| vaha udAttIkaraNa saMkramaNa karaNa kA hI eka aMga hai, eka avasthA hai| Adhunika manovijJAna meM udAttIkaraNa para vizeSa anusaMdhAna huA hai tathA pracura prakAza DAlA gayA hai| rAga yA kutsita kAma bhAvanA kA saMkramaNa yA udAttIkaraNa, mana kI pravRtti ko mor3akara zreSTha kalA, sundara citra, mahAkAvya yA bhAva-bhakti meM lagAkara kiyA jA sakatA hai| vartamAna meM udAttIkaraNa prakriyA kA upayoga va prayoga kara uddaNDa, anuzAsanahIna, tor3a-phor3a karane vAle aparAdhI manovRtti ke chAtroM evaM vyaktiyoM ko unakI ruci ke kisI racanAtmaka kArya meM lagA diyA jAtA hai| phalasvarUpa ve apanI hAnikAraka va aparAdhI pravRtti kA tyAga kara samAjopayogI kArya meM laga jAte haiM, anuzAsana priya nAgarika bana jAte haiN| __ kutsita prakRtiyoM ko sad prakRtiyoM meM saMkramita yA rUpAntarita karane ke lie Avazyaka hai ki pahale vyakti ko indriya-bhogoM kI vAstavikatA kA usake vartamAna jIvana kI dainika ghaTanAoM ke AdhAra para bodha ho| bhoga kA sukha kSaNika hai, nazvara hai va parAdhInatA meM Abaddha karane vAlA hai, pariNAma meM nIrasatA yA abhAva hI zeSa rahatA hai| bhoga jar3atA va vikAra paidA karane vAlA hai| navIna kAmanAoM ko paidA kara citta ko azAMta banAne vAlA hai| saMgharSa, dvandva, atadvandva paidA karane vAlA hai| sukha meM duHkha antargarbhita rahatA hI hai| bhogoM ke sukha ke tyAga se tatkAla zAnti, svAdhInatA, prasannatA kI anubhUti hotI hai| isa prakAra bhogoM ke kSaNika- asthAyI sukha ke sthAna para hRdaya meM sthAyI sukha prApti kA bhAva jAgRta kiyA jaay| bhAvI du:kha se chuTakArA pAne ke liye vartamAna ke kSaNika sukha ke lie bhI apane sukha va sukha sAmagrI ko dUsaroM kI sevA meM lagAne kI pravRtti hotI hai| dUsaroM kI ni:svArtha sevA se jo prema kA rasa AtA hai, usakA Ananda sukha bhogajanita sukha se nirAlA hotA hai| usa sukha meM ve doSa yA kamiyA~ nahIM hotIM, jo bhoga janita sukha meM hotI haiN| prema ke sukha kA yaha bIja udAratA meM pallavita, puSpita tathA phalita hotA hai aura anta meM sarvahitakArI pravRtti kA rUpa le letA hai| jisa prakAra karma-siddhAnta meM saMkramaNa kevala sajAtIya prakRtiyoM meM saMbhava hai, isI prakAra manovijJAna meM bhI rUpAntaraNa kevala sajAtIya prakRtiyoM meM hI [168] jainatattva sAra

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saMbhava mAnA hai| donoM hI vijAtI prakRtiyoM ke sAtha saMkramaNa yA rUpAntaraNa nahIM mAnate haiN| saMkramaNa karaNa aura rUpAntara karaNa donoM hI meM yaha saiddhAntika samAnatA Azcaryajanaka hai| karma siddhAnta ke anusAra pApa pravRttiyoM se hone vAle duHkha, vedanA, azAnti Adi se chuTakArA, paropakAra rUpa puNya pravRttiyoM se kiyA jA sakatA hai| isI siddhAnta kA anusaraNa vartamAna manovijJAnavettA bhI kara rahe haiN| unakA kathana hai ki udAttIkaraNa zArIrika evaM mAnasika rogoM ke upacAra meM bar3A kAragara upAya hai| manovaijJAnika cikitsAlayoM meM asAdhya pratIta hone vAle mahAroga udAttIkaraNa se ThIka hote dekhe jA sakate haiN| jisa prakAra azubha pravRttiyoM kA zubha pravRttiyoM meM rUpAntaraNa honA jIvana ke lie upayogI va sukhada hotA hai, isI prakAra zubha pravRttiyoM kA azubha pravRttiyoM meM rUpAntaraNa va saMkramaNa honA jIvana ke lie aniSTakArI va du:khada hotA hai| sajjana bhadra vyakti jaba kusaMgati, kutsita vAtAvaraNa meM par3a jAte haiM aura usase prabhAvita ho jAte haiM, to unakI zubha pravRttiyA~ azubha pravRttiyoM meM parivartita ho jAtI haiM jisase unakA mAnasika evaM naitika patana ho jAtA hai| pariNAmasvarUpa unako kaSTa, roga, azAnti, riktatA, hIna bhAvanA, nirAzA, anidrA Adi aneka prakAra ke duHkha bhogane par3ate haiN| karma zAstra ke anusAra saMkramaNa pahale baMdhI huI prakRtiyoM (AdatoM) kA vartamAna meM badhyamAna (baMdhane vAlI ) prakRtiyoM meM hotA hai| arthAt pahale pravRtti karane se jo prakRti (Adata) par3a gaI-baMdha gaI hai, vaha prakRti (Adata) vartamAna meM jo pravRtti kI jA rahI hai usase abhI jo Adata (prakRti) bana rahI hai, usa Adata kA anusaraNa-anugamana karatI hai tathA ina navIna banane vAlI AdatoM ke anurUpa purAnI AdatoM meM parivartana hotA hai| udAharaNArtha- pahale kisI vyakti kI pravRtti-prakRti ImAnadArI kI hai aura vartamAna meM beImAnI kI prakRti kA nirmANa ho rahA hai, to usakI ImAnadArI kI prakRti (Adata) beImAnI kI prakRti (Adata) meM badala jAtI hai| isake viparIta kisI vyakti meM pahale beImAnI kI Adata paDI haI hai aura vartamAna meM ImAnadArI kI Adata kA nirmANa ho rahA hai to pahale kI beImAnI kI Adata ImAnadArI meM badala jAtI hai, yaha sarvavidita hai| zarIra aura indriya bhItara se azuci ke bhaNDAra haiM evaM nAzavAna haiN| isa satya kA jJAna kisI ko hai| parantu aba baMdha tattva [169]

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vaha zarIra va indriya sukha ke bhoga meM pravRtta ho, mohita ho jAtA hai to use zarIra va indriya sukha-sundara va sthAyI pratIta hone lagatA hai / isa prakAra usakA pUrva kA saccA jJAna AcchAdita ho jAtA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to ajJAnarUpa ho jAtA hai arthAt jJAna ajJAna meM rUpAntarita, saMkramita ho jAtA hai| Age bhI usakA moha jaise-jaise ghaTatA-bar3hatA jAyegA usakI isa ajJAna kI prakRti meM bhI ghaTa-bar3ha hotI jAyegI, apavartana- udvartana hotA jAyegA aura mithyAtva rUpa moha kA nAza ho jAyegA, jisase ajJAna kA nAza ho jAyegA aura jJAna prakaTa ho jAyegA / vahI ajJAna, jJAna meM badala jaayegaa| isI prakAra kSobha (krodha) aura kSamA, mAna aura vinaya, mAyA aura saralatA, lobha aura nirlobhatA, hiMsA aura dayA, harSa aura zoka, zoSaNa aura poSaNa, karuNA aura krUratA, prema aura moha, jar3atA aura cinmayatA, paraspara meM vartamAna prakRtiyoM ke anurUpa saMkramita - rUpAntarita ho jAte haiN| kisI prakRti kI sthiti va anubhAga kA ghaTanA (apavartana) - bar3hanA, (udvartana) bhI sthiti, saMkramaNa va anubhAga saMkramaNa ke hI rUpa hai| saMkramaNa karaNa kA uparyukta siddhAnta spaSTataH isa satya ko udghATita karatA hai ki kisI ne pahale kitane hI acche karma bAMdhe hoM, yadi vaha vartamAna meM duSpravRttiyA~ kara bure (pApa) karma bAMdha rahA hai, to pahale ke acche (puNya) karma bure (pApa) karma meM badala jAyeMge, phira unakA koI acchA sukhada phala nahIM milane vAlA hai| isake viparIta kisI ne pahale duSkarma (pApa) kie haiM, bAMdhe haiM, parantu vartamAna meM vaha satkarma kara rahA hai, to vaha apane bure karmoM ke duHkhada phala se chuTakArA pA letA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to vyakti hama apane vartamAna jIvana kAla kA sadupayogadurupayoga kara apane bhAgya ko saubhAgya yA durbhAgya meM badala sakate haiN| niyama - 1. prakRti saMkramaNa badhyamAna prakRti meM hI hotA hai| 2. saMkramaNa sajAtIya prakRtiyoM meM hI hotA hai| karaNa-1 - siddhAnta kA mahattva karaNa jJAna meM mahattvapUrNa siddhAnta yaha hai ki vartamAna meM jina karma prakRtiyoM kA bandha ho rahA hai| purAnI baMdhI huI prakRtiyoM para unakA prabhAva par3atA hai aura ve vartamAna meM badhyamAna prakRtiyoM ke anurUpa parivartita ho jAtI haiN| sIdhe zabdoM meM kaheM to vartamAna meM hamArI jo Adata bana rahI hai, purAnI AdateM badala kara usI ke anurUpa ho jAtI hai| yaha sabakA anubhava hai| udAharaNArtha - prasannacandra rAjarSi ko le sakate haiN| [170] jaitattva sA

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prasannacandra rAjA the| ve saMsAra ko asAra samajhakara rAjapATa aura gRhasthAzrama kA tyAga kara sAdhu bana gaye the| ve eka dina sAdhuveza meM dhyAna kI mudrA meM khar3e the| usa samaya zreNika rAjA bhagavAn mahAvIra ke darzanArtha jAte hue udhara se niklaa| usane rAjarSi ko dhyAna mudrA meM dekhaa| zreNika ne bhagavAna ke darzana kara bhagavAna se pUchA ki dhyAnastha rAjarSi prasannacandra isa samaya kAla kareM to kahA~ jAyeM? bhagavAn ne pharamAyA ki sAtavIM naraka meM jaayeN| kucha dera bAra phira pUchA to bhagavAn ne pharamAyA- chaThI naraka meM jaaveN| isa prakAra zreNika rAjA dvArA bAra-bAra pUchane para bhagavAn ne usI krama se pharamAyA ki chaThI naraka se pAMcavI naraka meM, cauthI naraka meM, tIsarI naraka meM, dUsarI naraka meM, pahalI naraka meM jaaveN| phira pharamAyA prathama devaloka meM, dUsare devaloka meM, kramazaH bArahaveM devaloka meM, nava graiveyaka meM, anuttara vimAna meM jaaveN| itane meM hI rAjarSi ko kevalajJAna ho gyaa| huA yaha thA ki jahA~ rAjarSi prasannacandra dhyAnastha khar3e the| udhara se kucha pathika nikle| unhoMne rAjarSi kI ora saMketa kara kahA ki apane putra ko rAjya kA bhAra saMbhalA kara yaha rAjA to sAdhu bana gayA ora yahA~ dhyAna meM khar3A hai| parantu zatru ne isake rAjya para AkramaNa kara diyA hai| vahA~ bhayaMkara saMgrAma ho rahA hai, prajA pIDita ho rahI hai| putra parezAna ho rahA hai| ise kucha vicAra hI nahIM hai| yaha sunate hI rAjarSi ko roSa va joza aayaa| hozahavAza kho gyaa| usake mana meM bhayaMkara udvega utthaa| maiM abhI yuddha meM jAU~gA aura zatru senA kA saMhAra kara vijaya paauuNgaa| isakA dharmadhyAna raudra dhyAna meM saMkramita ho gyaa| apanI isa raudra, ghora hiMsAtmaka mAnasika sthiti kI kAlimA se ghora azAnti, khinnatA kI nArakIya sthiti ke vaha sAtavIM naraka kI gati kA baMdha karane lgaa| jyoMhI vaha yuddha karane ke lie caraNa uThAne lagA tyoMhI usane apanI vezabhUSA ko dekhA to use hoza AyA ki maiMne rAjapATa kA tyAga kara saMyama dhAraNa kiyA hai| merA rAjapATa se aba koI sambandha nhiiN| isa prakAra usane apane Apako sNbhaalaa| usakA joza-roSa manda hone lgaa| roSa yA raudra dhyAna jaisejaise manda hotA gayA, ghaTatA gayA vaise-vaise nArakIya baMdhana bhI ghaTatA gayA aura sAtavIM naraka se ghaTakara kramaza: pahalI naraka taka pahu~ca gyaa| isake sAtha hI pUrva meM bAMdhe sAtavIM Adi narakoM kI baMdha kI sthiti va anubhAga ghaTakara pahalI naraka meM apavartita ho gye| phira bhAvoM meM aura vizuddhi aaii| roSa-joza zAMta hokara saMtoSa meM parivartita ho gayA hRdaya divya daivI guNoM se bhara gayA to rAjarSi deva-gati kA baMdha karane lgaa| isase pUrva hI meM baMdhA naraka gati kA baMdha deva gati meM rUpAntarita ho baMdha tattva [171]

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gyaa| phira zreNIkaraNa kI prakriyA prArambha hone lagI to bhAvoM meM atyanta vizuddhi aaii| kaSAyoM kA upazamana huA to anuttara vimAna devagati kA baMdha hone lgaa| phira bhAvoM kI vizeSa vizuddhi se pApa karmoM kA sthiti ghAta aura rasaghAta huaa| karmoM kI tIvra udIraNA huii| phira kSINa kaSAya hone para pUrNa vItarAgatA A gaI ora kevalajJAna ho gyaa| isa prakAra prasannacandra rAjarSi apanI vartamAna bhAvanA kI vizuddhi va sAdhanA ke bala se pUrva baMddha karmoM kA utkarSaNa, saMkramaNa, udIraNa Adi karaNa (kriyAe~) kara kRtakRtya hue| isa prakAra karma siddhAntAnusAra pratyeka vyakti apane pUrva jIvana meM duSpravRttiyoM se azubha va duHkhada pApa karmoM kI baMdhI huI usakI sthiti va anubhAga ko vartamAna meM apanI zubha pravRttiyoM se zubhakarma bAMdhakara ghaTA sakatA hai tathA zubha va sukhada puNya karmoM meM saMkramita kara sakatA hai| isake viparIta vaha vartamAna meM apanI duSpravRttiyoM se azubha pApa karmoM kA baMdhana kara pUrva se bAMdhe zubha va sukhada karmoM ko azubha va duHkhada karmoM ke rUpa meM bhI saMkramita kara sakatA hai| ataH yaha Avazyaka nahIM hai ki pUrva meM baMdhe hue karma usI prakAra bhogane pdd'eN| vyakti apane vartamAna kamoM (prakRtiyoM) ke dvArA pUrva meM baMdhe karmoM ko badalane, sthiti, anubhAga ghaTAne-bar3hAne evaM kSaya karane meM pUrNa samartha va svAdhIna hai| isa siddhAnta ke anusAra sAdhaka vartamAna meM jitanA-jitanA viveka pUrvaka kaSAya yA rAga ghaTAtA jAyegA usake utane hI utane pUrva saMcita karma yA saMskAra svataH niHsattva, nirbala, nirbalatara hote jAyeMge aura jaise hI vaha rAga kA pUrNa kSaya kara vItarAga bhAva ko prApta hogA, usake ghAtI (hAnikAraka) karmoM kA pUrNa kSaya ho jaayegaa| isa prakAra sAdhaka vartamAna meM apane parAkrama puruSArtha dvArA prathama guNasthAna se Upara uThatA huA, ghora ghAtI kamoM (duSkoM ) kA kSaya karatA huA aMtarmuhUrta (kucha hI minaToM meM) meM kevalajJAna prApta kara ajara, amara, avinAzI, akSaya zAzvata sukha pA sakatA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki bhUtakAla kisI kA bhI nirdoSa nahIM hai| yadi usameM rAga kA doSa na hotA to janma hI nahIM hotaa| parantu vyakti apane puruSArtha dvArA vartamAna ko nirdoSa banAkara sukha-duHkha ke baMdhana se mukta ho nirAmaya (du:kharahita), akSaya, avyAbAdha, paramAnanda ko sadA ke lie prApta kara sakatA hai| aisA karane meM mAnava mAtra samartha evaM svAdhIna hai| phira bhI nirAza hokara vaisA na karanA ghora pramAda hai, bhayaMkara [172] jainatattva sAra

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bhUla hai jo mahAvinAza kA kAraNa hai| ataH pramAda va bhUla chor3a kara vartamAna ko nirdoSa banAne meM hI mAnava kA maMgala hai, kalyANa hai| karmasiddhAnta evaM manovijJAna jaina darzana meM jise karmabaMdha honA kahate haiM use manovijJAna meM mAnasika granthi kA nirmANa honA kahate haiN| isa karmabaMdha yA manograMthi kA nirmANa hotA hai bhoga pravRtti se, sukha bhogane kI icchA yA saMkalpa se| bhoga kI ruci ko jaina darzana meM rati kahA hai| bhoga ke prati rati yA ruci to rahe parantu kisI bhaya se yA anya sukha ke pralobhana se use na bhogeM arthAt usa graMthi kA damana kareM to vaha naSTa nahIM hotI hai, pratyuta prAkRtika niyamAnusAra vaha damitagraMthi vizeSa vikRta hokara vikSiptatA Adi kisI anya mArga se prakaTa (udaya)hotI hai| ise jaina karma siddhAnta meM sva jAtIya, para prakRti rUpa saMkramaNa kA eka prakAra kahA hai| arthAt vaha anya mAnasika roga ke rUpa meM prakaTa hotI hai| ataH manovijJAna meM icchA kA damana karate hue use bhogane para bala diyA gayA hai| parantu isa prakAra bhoga rUpa meM prakaTa huI icchA meM sukha kA anubhava hotA hai jo rucikara lagatA hai jisase usakA saMskAra aMtastala para aMkita ho jAtA hai| arthAt navIna graMthi baMdha kA nirmANa ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra icchAoM kI utpatti-pUrti kA, mAnisaka granthiyoM ke udaya va nirmANa kA pravAha yA saMtati satata calatI rahatI hai, usakA anta nahIM hotA hai| bhoga kI icchA kI pUrti karane rUpa upAya ko pazu-pakSI, kITa-pataMga Adi prANimAtra jAne-anajAne kAma meM le rahe haiM parantu aisA karake Aja taka kisI ne bhI mAnasika granthiyoM se chuTakArA nahIM pAyA hai| vastu sthiti yaha hai ki vartamAna manovijJAna karma baMdha va udaya kI prakriyA ke sthUlatama prAkRtika rUpa ko hI pakar3a pAyA hai| yaha mAnasika granthiyoM- jo bhogecchA ke rUpa meM prakaTa yA udaya hotI haiM- unake bhogane kA samarthana karatA hai| isakA mAnanA hai ki isake damana se kuMThAoM evaM jaTila mAnasika granthiyoM kA nirmANa hotA hai| jinakA pariNAma vikSiptatA Adi bhayaMkara rogoM ke rUpa meM prakaTa hotA hai| ina rogoM se bacane ke upAya ko manovijJAna meM udAttIkaraNa (naisapauMjapavada) kI prakriyA kahate haiN| isameM sevA Adi lokopakArI kArya karane ko sthAna diyA gayA hai jo jaina darzana meM varNita saMkramaNa kI prakriyA kA atyalpa aMza mAtra hai| icchAoM ko bhogane se mile sukha se navIna icchAoM kA, mAnasika granthiyoM kA nirmANa hotA rahatA hai| phira una granthiyoM kA bhogane ke rUpa meM udaya hotA hai| isa prakAra mAnasika granthiyoM baMdha tattva [173]

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kA nirmANa aura udaya kA cakra barAbara calatA hI rahatA hai| isa cakra ke bhedana kA Adhunika manovijJAna meM abhI taka koI upAya nahIM khojA jA sakA hai, jabaki jaina darzana meM pratipAdita karma- siddhAnta meM mAnasika granthiyoM ke damana kie binA hI unake vijaya, vilaya va kSaya kA bar3A hI sarala, sugama, sundara upAya batAyA hai| jaina dharma meM isa bAta para bahuta jora diyA gayA hai ki mAnava-jIvana bhogecchAoM kI pUrti karane ke lie nahIM milA hai, mAnava jIvana to bhogoM para vijaya pAne ke lie milA hai| jaina darzana meM mAnava-jIvana kI sArthakatA mukti-prApti ko batAyA hai| mukti kA artha bandhana rahita honA, svAdhIna honA hai| jaina darzana meM na kevala sAdhya meM hI svAdhInatA nirUpita hai, apitu sAdhanA meM bhI pUrNa svAdhInatA hai| jaina darzana kI AdhArazilA hI svAdhInatA hai| arthAt sAdhaka kA mukti prApti rUpa sAdhya bhI 'svAdhInatA' hai aura usa svAdhInatA ko prApta karane meM arthAt kamoM ko kSaya karane meM bhI sAdhaka svAdhIna hai| jaina darzana meM karmakSaya kara mukti rUpa sAdhya kI prApti ke do pramukha sAdhana batAye haiM- 1.saMvara ora 2. nirjarA / saMvara hai naye karma na bAMdhanA arthAt kaSAya yukta pravRtti na karanA, dUsare zabdoM meM viSaya bhogoM kA tyAga krnaa| nirjarA hai pUrva meM baMdhe koM ko binA phala bhoge kSaya krnaa| arthAt dhyAna, svAdhyAya, kAyotsarga Adi tapoM dvArA moha kaSAya ko galAnA, sAtha hI puNya kArya rUpa sevA dvArA pApa karmoM kI sthiti va anubhAga kA apakarSaNa krnaa| jaina dharma meM saMvara aura nirjarA rUpa sAdhanA karane meM mAnava mAtra ko pUrNa samartha aura svAdhIna mAnA hai| isameM vastu, vyakti, paristhiti, jAti, avasthA, deza, kAla Adi ko kahIM bhI bAdhaka nahIM mAnA gayA hai| karma siddhAnta-jIvana zAstra Azaya yaha hai ki jaina darzana dvArA pratipAdita karmasiddhAnta prAkRtika vidhAna ke AdhAra para sthita hai| pUrNa manovaijJAnika, parA manovaijJAnika evaM AdhyAtmika hai| ise jAnakara navIna karma baMdha ko rokA jA sakatA hai, purAne baMdhe hue pApa karmoM ko puNya meM badalA jA sakatA hai athavA unakA nAza bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai aura sadA ke lie zarIra aura saMsAra se atIta hokara dehAtIta-lokAtIta, ajara, amara avinAzI, akSaya va ananta sukhamaya jIvana kA anubhava kiyA jA sakatA hai| jaina darzana kA karma-siddhAnta jIvana vijJAna hai| jIvana-vijJAna hone se isameM jIvana se saMbaMdhita samasta sthitiyoM kA arthAt jIvana kA sarvAMgINa vivecana hai| [174] jainatattva sAra

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isase jIva kA janma kyoM, kaise va kahA~ hotA hai? janma lene ke pazcAt tana, mana, vacana va cetana tathA inase saMbaMdhita vyApAroM kI utpatti, usakA kAraNa tathA nivAraNa Adi samasta viSayoM para vizada prakAza DAlA gayA hai| vastutaH karma siddhAnta jIvanazAstra hai, jisameM rAga-dveSa Adi baMdhanoM, janma, jarA, maraNa, roga, zoka, bhaya, parAdhInatA, abhAva, tanAva, dabAva Adi duHkhoM se mukti-prApti kA atyanta sarala, sahaja, sugama mArga bhI batAyA hai, jise mAnava mAtra apanA kara sadA ke lie ina duHkhoM se mukta hokara zarIra aura saMsAra se atIta ke avinAzI, ajara, amara, jIvana evaM akSaya, avyAbAdha, ananta sukha kA svAmI ho sakatA hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra karma ATha haiM / 1. jJAnAvaraNIya karma, 2. darzanAvaraNIya karma, 3. vedanIya karma, 4. mohanIya karma, 5. AyuSya karma, 6. nAma karma, 7. gotra karma, 8. antarAya krm| inakA saMkSipta paricaya Age diyA jA rahA hai| jJAnAvaraNa karma 'jJAnAvaraNa' zabda 'jJAna' aura 'AvaraNa' ina do zabdoM se banA hai, jisakA artha hai, jJAna para AvaraNa aanaa| jo vastu vidyamAna ho use Dhaka denA, prakaTa na hone denA, AvaraNa hai| jaise sUrya hai, parantu bAdaloM ke A jAne se vaha dikhAI nahIM detA hai, usakI prabhA (dhUpa) prakaTa nahIM hotI hai| bAdala sUrya va usakI prabhA para AvaraNa hai| isI prakAra jJAna guNa kI prabhA prakaTa na honA arthAt jJAna kA prabhAva na honA, jJAnAvaraNa hai| yadi vastu kA abhAva ho to usa para AvaraNa nahIM ho sktaa| jJAna kI vidyamAnatA ke abhAva meM jJAna para AvaraNa nahIM A sakatA arthAt prANimAtra meM jJAna sadaiva vidyamAna hai| vaha hai jIva kA nija jJAna, svabhAva kA jJAna, svAbhAvika jnyaan| svAbhAvika jJAna kA abhAva jIva ko kabhI nahIM ho sktaa| svabhAva kA jJAna sabhI jIvoM ko sadaiva jyoM kA tyoM rahatA hai, kevala usa para AvaraNa AtA hai| jJAna aura darzana- ye donoM jIva ke mukhya lakSaNa haiM, jIva ke svabhAva haiN| svabhAva kA nAza kabhI nahIM hotaa| yadi svabhAva kA nAza ho jAya, to vastu kA abhAva ho jAya arthAt jJAna guNa ke abhAva meM jIva jIva na rahakara ajIva ho jaayegaa| isaliye jIva meM jJAna guNa sadaiva jyoM kA tyoM rahatA hai| usa para nyUnAdhika AvaraNa Ane se usakI prabhA yA prabhAva nyUnAdhika hotA rahatA hai| jJAna para AvaraNa hotA hai- moha ke kaarnn| ataH jitanA-jitanA moha ghanIbhUta hotA jAtA hai, utanA-utanA jJAna ko Dhakane vAlA AvaraNa bhI ghanIbhUta hotA jAtA baMdha tattva [175]

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hai| jitanA moha ghaTatA jAtA hai, utanA jJAna kA AvaraNa ghaTatA jAtA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jIva sAdhanA karate samaya jitanA moha kA upazama va kSaya karatA hai, utanA hI guNasthAna ArohaNa karatA jAtA hai aura utanA hI jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA kSayopazama hotA jAtA hai| isase yaha spaSTa vidita hotA hai ki jJAna ke AvaraNa kA tathA jJAna guNa ke ghaTane-bar3hane kA sambandha moha ke ghaTane-bar3hane se hai| jJAna guNa kI nyUnAdhikatA kA sambandha bAhya jagat kI vastuoM ko adhika yA kama jAnane se nahIM hai, kAraNa ki guNasthAna car3hate samaya koI sAdhaka bAhya jagat gaNita, khagola, bhUgola Adi ko adhika jAnane lagatA ho tathA guNasthAna utarate samaya inakA jJAna kama ho jAtA ho, aisA nahIM hotA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki bAhya vastuoM, bhASA, sAhitya, vijJAna, kalA, itihAsa, arthazAstra, rAjanItizAstra, kAmazAstra, manovijJAna, gaNita, khagola, bhUgola Adi ke jAnane yA na jAnane se jJAnAvaraNIya karma kI nyUnAdhikatatA kA aMkana va mApana nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| Aja ina viSayoM kA jitanA vizada jJAna mahAvidyAlaya ke sAmAnya chAtra ko hai, utanA prAcInakAla ke khyAtiprApta vidvAnoM ko bhI nahIM thaa| kAraNa ki isakI sAdhakoM ko AvazyakatA bhI nahIM thii| yahI nahIM, sAdhuoM ko ina viSayoM kA adhyayana bahirmukhI hI banAtA hai, antarmukhI banAne meM sahAyaka nahIM hotA hai| ataH yaha jijJAsA hotI hai ki phira jJAnAvaraNIya karma kyA hai? isakA kSayopazama, kSaya va bandha kaise va kyoM hotA hai? isI kA vivecana Age kiyA jA rahA hai| karma-siddhAnta meM jJAna para AvaraNa Ane ko jJAnAvaraNa athavA jJAnAvaraNIya karma kahA hai| jJAna ke pA~ca bheda haiM :-1. matijJAna 2. zrutajJAna 3. avadhijJAna 4. manaHparyavajJAna aura 5. kevljnyaan| vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie lekhaka kI pUrva prakAzita pustaka 'bandha tattva' ke jJAnAvaraNa karma adhyAya meM nimnAMkita prakaraNa paThanIya hai- matijJAna evaM matijJAnAvaraNa; zrutajJAna aura zrutajJAnAvaraNa; zrutajJAna se kevalajJAna kA prakaTIkaraNa; zrutajJAna parokSa kyoM?; matijJAna se zrutajJAna kA bheda; avadhijJAna evaM avadhijJAnAvaraNa; mana:paryAyajJAna evaM usakA jJAnAvaraNa; kevalajJAna aura kevalajJAnAvaraNa; kevalajJAna-sarvajJatA; karmakSaya kA jJAna; tripadI kA jJAna; ananta jJAna; jJAnAvaraNa karmabaMdha ke kAraNa; jJAnAvaraNa kA pramukha kAraNa : jJAna kA anAdara; jJAna evaM ajJAna meM bheda; jJAna-ajJAna kA jIvana para prabhAva; jJAnAvaraNa aura ajJAna meM bheda; jJAnaguNa aura jJAnopayoga meM antara; jJAnAvaraNa se sambaddha jijJAsA aura samAdhAna; jJAnAvaraNa evaM darzanAvaraNa kA kSayopazama aura prinnaam| [176] jainatattva sAra

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darzanAvaraNa karma ___jar3a aura cetana meM mukhyataH do maulika bAtoM kA antara hai, yathA- ajIva yA jar3a ko anubhava (saMvedana) nahIM hotA hai tathA vaha vicAra nahIM kara sakatA hai| ye hI do bAteM darzana aura jJAna guNa se pukArI jAtI haiN| inameM se jisa karma, kArya yA kriyA se darzana guNa AcchAdita hotA hai, use darzanAvaraNIya karma kahA jAtA hai aura jisase jJAna guNa AcchAdita hotA hai use jJAnAvaraNIya karma kahA jAtA hai| dravyoM, vastuoM, unake guNoM va avasthAoM, unake pArasparika sambandhoM va sambandhoM ke niyamoM ko jAnanA jJAna hai| prANI prakRti ke niyamoM kI yathArthatA ko jitanA-jitanA samajhatA jAtA hai, utanA-utanA usake jJAna kA vikAsa hotA jAtA hai| moha ke kAraNa prANI meM jar3atA A jAtI hai| jar3atA Ane se usake dekhane (darzana-saMvedana karane, sAkSAtkAra karane) kI zakti va jAnane kI zakti kSINa hotI jAtI hai| jaise- jaise cetanA se mUrchA (moha) haTatI jAtI hai, vaise-vaise usakI saMvedanazakti bar3hatI jAtI hai, yaha darzanAvaraNIya karma kA kSayopazama va usakA pariNAma hai| saMvedana ke AdhAra para hI prANI kI jAnane kI zakti kA AvirbhAva hotA hai| ataH pahale darzana hotA hai, phira jJAna hotA hai| ___ AcAryoM ne sAmAnya ko darzana aura vizeSa ko jJAna kahA hai| Ajakala isakA kucha loga isa prakAra artha karate haiM ki sAmAnya jJAna darzana hai, parantu yaha artha samIcIna pratIta nahIM hotA hai| kAraNa ki yadi sAmAnya zabda se abhiprAya yahA~ jJAna se lagAyA jAya, to phira jJAna guNa ke hI do bheda ho jAyeMgeM 1. sAmAnya jJAna aura 2. vizeSa jnyaan| isase jJAna guNa se bhinna darzana guNa ke astitva ke hI lopa kA prasaMga upasthita ho jaaegaa| parantu sarvajJa bhagavAn ne jIva ke jJAna aura darzana ye do bhinnabhinna maulika guNa batAe haiN| eka hI jJAna guNa kI do avasthAe~ nahIM batAyI haiN| ataH yahA~ 'sAmaNNagahaNaM daMsaNaM' se sAmAnya zabda kA abhiprAya sAmAnya jJAna nahIM ho sakatA hai| __ pUrvAcAryoM ne darzanaguNa kI vizeSatAe~ batalAI haiM- 1. nirvikalpa 2. anAkAra 3. anirvacanIya 4. avizeSa 5. abheda 6. svasaMvedana, 7. aMtarmukha caitanya Adi tathA jJAna guNa kI vizeSatAe~ batalAyI haiM- 1. savikalpa 2. sAkAra 3. vizeSa aadi| yadi hama sAmAnya zabda kA abhiprAya sAmAnya jJAna se leMge, to jJAna kI tInoM vizeSatAe~ savikalpatA, sAkAratA, vacanIyatA kA darzana ke sAtha jur3ane kA prasaMga baMdha tattva [177]

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upasthita ho jAyegA aura inake hone para vaha darzana 'darzana' guNa hI na rahegA, jJAna guNa ho jaayegaa| prazna upasthita hotA hai ki phira AcAryoM ne darzana kI paribhASA karate hue 'sAmAnya grahaNa' darzana kyoM kahA? samAdhAna meM kahanA hogA ki darzana nirvikalpa va anAkAra hone se anirvacanIya hai| jo anirvacanIya hai, use vacana se paribhASita nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| parantu darzana ko samajhAne ke lie koI na koI AdhAra prastuta karanA Avazyaka thaa| AcAryoM ne eka niSedhAtmaka saMketaparaka mArga kA anugamana kiyA aura vaha yaha hai ki unhoMne jJAna guNa ko paribhASita kiyA aura kahA ki jisameM vizeSa-vizeSa jAnakArI ho, vaha jJAna hai aura jJAna guNa se bhinna jo guNa hai, vaha darzana guNa hai| jJAnaguNa hai- vizeSa kI jAnakArI, ataH jJAna guNa se bhinna guNa vaha hogA jisameM vizeSa kI jAnakArI kA abhAva ho| saMsAra meM do hI bAteM dekhI jAtI haiM- sAmAnya aura vishess| ataH vizeSa ke abhAva ko dikhAne ke lie AcAryoM ne saMketAtmaka rUpa se sAmAnya zabda kA prayoga kiyaa| jisakA vAstavika Azaya hai- sAmAnya pratibhAsa, nirvizeSa anubhava na ki sAmAnya kI jaankaarii| pratibhAsa aura jAnakArI ye do sarvathA bhinna zabda haiN| jAnakArI meM jJAna hotA hai aura pratibhAsa meM anubhava hotA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki jahA~ sAmAnya grahaNa darzana kahA hai vahA~ sAmAnya zabda kA prayoga avizeSa anubhUti ke lie huA hai, na ki jJAna ke lie| anubhUti kA hI dUsarA nAma saMvedana hai| zrI vIrasenAcArya ne darzana aura jJAna ke svarUpa para UhApoha karate hue 'sagasaMveyaNa' sva-saMvedana ko darzana kahA hai| (SaTkhaNDAgama, dhavalA TIkA, pustaka 13 pR. 355) jIva ko chor3akara zeSa anya kisI dravya ko na to saMvadena hI hotA ddara aura na jAnakArI hii| ataH saMvedana aura jJAna ye donoM hI jIva ke asAdhAraNa guNa yA lakSaNa haiN| Upara kaha Ae haiM ki sva-saMvadena ko darzana kahate haiN| saMvadenazIlatAantarmukha caitanya, cinmayatA, nirvikalpatA, anAkAratA, abhedatA, nirvizeSatA, sAmAnya ye darzana guNa ke dyotaka haiN| darzana anirvacanIya hotA hai, anubhavagamya hotA hai| ataH ise aMguli nirdeza rUpa saMketa se hI samajhAyA jA sakatA hai, kisI zabda se nahIM samajhAyA jA sakatA hai:- savve sarA niyaTaMti (AcArAMga sUtra) [178] jainatattva sAra

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darzana cetanA kA mUla guNa hai| isa guNa ke vikAsa para hI jJAna guNa kA va cetanA kA vikAsa nirbhara karatA hai| darzanaguNa kA viloma jar3atA hai| saMvadenazIlatA para AvaraNa AnA arthAt jar3atA AnA hI darzanAvaraNIya hai| vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie lekhaka kI pUrva prakAzita pustaka 'bandha tattva' ke darzanAvaraNIya karma adhyAya meM nimnAMkita prakaraNa paThanIya hai- darzanAvaraNIya karma ke prakAra; darzana-guNa kA vikAsa-krama; nirvikalpa sthiti aura nirvikalpa anubhUti meM antara; svasaMvedana evaM nirvikalpatA; kAmanA-tyAga se nirvikalpatA; darzanaguNa kA phala : cetanA kA vikAsa; darzana-sAdhanA kI upalabdhiyA~; darzanopayoga ke abhAva meM jJAnopayoga nahIM; darzana guNa evaM darzanopayoga; jJAnaguNa evaM jJAnopayoga kA bheda; eka samaya meM eka hI upayoga; jJAnopayoga : darzana guNa kI upalabdhi meM sahAyaka; samyagdarzana evaM darzanaguNa; darzanAvaraNa karma ke baMdha hetu; jJAna-darzana para moha se AvaraNa; darzanAvaraNa kA anya ghAti karmoM se smbndh| vedanIya karma __ zarIra, mana evaM inase saMbaMdhita anukUlatA meM sukha kA aura pratikUlatA meM duHkha kA anubhava vedanIya karma se hotA hai| sukha kA anubhava honA sAtA-vedanIya aura du:kha kA anubhava honA asAtAvedanIya hai| jIvassa suha-dukkhuppAyayaM kammaM vedaNIyaM nnaam| -dhavala pustaka 13 sUtra 5.5 jIva ke sukha aura duHkha kA utpAdaka karma vedanIya hai| vedayati vedyata iti vA vedniiym| -sarvArthasiddhi, 8.4, vedyasya sadasallakSaNasya sukhduHkhsNvednm| -sarvArthasiddhi, 8.35 jo vedana karAtA hai yA jisake dvArA vedana kiyA jAtA hai vaha vedanIya karma hai| sat-asat lakSaNavAle vedanIya karma kI prakRti kA kArya sukha tathA duHkha kA saMvedana karAnA hai| akkhANaM aNubhavaNaM veyaNiyaM suhasarUvayaM saadN| tassodaekkhaeNa du jAyadi appatthaNaMta suho|| -dhavala pustaka 7, pRSTha 14 baMdha tattva [179]

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jisa vedanIya karma ke udaya se jIva sukha aura duHkha ina do prakAra kI avasthAoM kA anubhava karatA hai, usI karma ke kSaya se Atmastha ananta sukha utpanna hotA hai| prastuta gAthA meM vedanIya karma ke udaya se sukha-duHkha kA anubhava honA hI kahA hai- bAhya sAmagrI kI prApti honA nahIM kahA hai| sAdassa gadiyANuvAdeNa jahaNNamaMtaramaMtomuhuttaM ukkasaMpi aMtomuhuttaM ca vA asAdassa jahaNNamaMtaramegasamAo, ukkassaM chammAsA / maNusagadIe asAdassa udIraNaMtaraM jahaNNeNa egasamao ukkasseNa aMtomuhuttaM (dhavala pustaka 15, pR. 68/6) gati ke anuvAda se sAtAvedanIya kI udIraNA kA antarakAla jaghanya antarmuhUrta evaM utkRSTa bhI antarmuhUrta hI hai / asAtA vedanIya kA udIraNA kAla jaghanya eka samaya utkRSTa 6 mAsa hai / manuSya gati meM asAtA kI udIraNA kA antara jaghanya se eka samaya aura utkRSTa se aMtamuhUrta pramANa hai / vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie lekhaka kI pUrva prakAzita pustaka 'bandha tattva' ke vedanIya karma adhyAya meM nimnAMkita prakaraNa paThanIya haiM- sAtA - asAtAvedanIya karma-upArjana ke hetu; karma kA phala : eka prAkRtika vidhAna; sAtA evaM asAtAvedanIya kA phala; karmodaya se bAhya nimitta kI prApti nahIM; vedanIya karma hAnikAraka nahIM / mohanIya karma jo mohita kare, mUrcchita kare, hita-ahita kI pahacAna na hone de vaha mohanIya karma hai| isakA svabhAva madya ke samAna hai| jaise madya (zarAba) ke naze meM manuSya ko apane hitAhita kA bhAna nahIM rahatA hai usI prakAra mohanIya karma ke udaya se jIva ko apane svarUpa evaM hita-ahita, heya - upAdeya ko parakhane kA bodha nahIM rahatA hai| vaha svabhAva ko bhUla jAtA hai aura vibhAvagrasta ho jAtA hai / jitane bhI vikAra yA doSa haiM, pApa haiM inakA mUla kAraNa mohanIya karma hI hai| moha ke kAraNa hI jIva svabhAva ke viparIta AcaraNa karatA hai / mohagrasta vyakti ke lie moha ko samajhanA utanI hI Ter3hI khIra hai jitanI Ter3hI khIra behoza vyakti dvArA yaha samajha sakanA ki vaha behoza hai| kisI ko behozI kA jJAna honA hoza meM Ane kA sUcaka hai / jitanA - jitanA vyakti hoza meM AtA jAtA hai, utanA-utanA use apanI behozI kA jJAna hotA jAtA hai| isI prakAra moha ghaTane para moha kI yathArthatA kA jJAna honA saMbhava hai / jitanA - jitanA moha ghaTatA jAtA hai, jaitattva sA [180]

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utanA-utanA moha ke svarUpa kA adhika-adhika jJAna hotA jAtA hai| yaha saMbhava hai ki jisa samaya vaha vyakti kAmanA rahita, taTastha, zAMta va samatA avasthA meM hai, usa samaya kAmanA meM na bahakara-kAmanA ke pravAha meM bahate samaya jo besudha hone kI sthiti huI, use dekhe to vaha apanI mohAvasthA kA jJAna kara sakatA hai| usI samaya use patA cala sakatA hai ki jisa samaya kAmanA ke pravAha meM bahA, usa samaya citta kitanA azAnta, kSubdha, vyAkula, behoza huA evaM hRdaya vidAraka vedanA huii| vyakti moha ke kAraNa yathArthatA ko nahIM dekha paataa| vaha hAr3a, mAMsa, rakta, zakRt, mUtra Adi azuci vastuoM ke putale (zarIra) meM sauMdarya, maraNazIla ko sthAyI, duHkha ko sukha, parAdhInatA ko svAdhInatA, dhana-bhavana Adi jar3a vastuoM ko jIvana mAna letA hai aura inhIM kI prApti meM apanA jIvana pUrA kara detA hai tathA mRtyu Ane ke kSaNa taka bhI use sukha va tRpti kI prApti nahIM hotI hai| isalie mohakarma para vijaya prApta karanA Avazyaka hai| moha ko AThoM karmoM kA senApati kI upamA dI jAtI hai, ataH jo ise jIta letA hai vaha samasta karmoM kI senA ko jIta letA hai arthAt samasta karmoM kA kSaya karane meM samartha ho jAtA hai| karma-baMdha kA mUla mohakarma hI hai, kyoMki baMdhahetu-mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda evaM kaSAya isI mohakarma ke vividha rUpa haiN| mohanIya karma ke mUlataH do prakAra hai- 1. darzana mohanIya aura 2. cAritra mohniiy| darzana mohanIya - zraddhA, vizvAsa, AsthA yA mAnyatA ko darzana kahate haiN| jaba hamArI zraddhA, mAnyatA mohayukta ho to usedarzana mohanIya kahate haiN| isase jIva meM svarUpa, svabhAva, sAdhya, sAdhana, siddhi va sAdhaka ke viSaya meM viparIta dhAraNAe~ utpanna ho jAtI haiN| darzana mohanIya ke tIna prakAra haiM- 1. mithyAtva mohanIya 2. samyaktva mohanIya aura 3. mizra mohniiy| mithyAtva mohanIya - avinAzI, satya, tattva ke prati zraddhA na honA aura vinAzI, adhruva, anitya padArthoM va bhogoM ke prati zraddhA honA mithyAdarzana yA mithyAtva mohanIya hai| isake viparIta dhruva va satya tattva ke prati zraddhA honA samyagdarzana hai| jaina vAGmaya meM mithyAtva mohanIya ko saMkSepa meM mithyAtva kahate haiN| samyaktva mohanIya - jisa karma prakRti ke udaya se jIva samyagdarzanajanita zAnti ke sukha meM ramaNa karane lage aura yathAkhyAta cAritra ke prati utkRSTa utkaMThA na hone lage vaha samyaktva mohanIya hai| dUsare zabdoM meM samyaktva meM mohita honA Age na baMdha tattva [ 181]

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bar3hanA samyaktva mohanIya hai| samyagdarzana ke prabhAva se zAnti kA anubhava hotA hai| usa zAnti ke sukha kA bhoga karanA, mohana karanA, usI meM ramaNa karanA, saMtuSTa rahanA aura caritra mohanIya ke upazama va kSaya ke lie parAkrama na karanA yA parAkrama meM zithilatA AnA arthAt pramAdagrasta rahanA samyaktva mohanIya hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki zAnti kA saMpAdana karanA hai, surakSita rakhanA hai, parantu sAdhaka kA lakSya, citta kI isa zAnta avasthA meM ramaNa na karake, isase Upara uThakara-asaMga hokara cAritra moha kA kSaya kara vItarAga honA hai, isake lie puruSArtha na kara zAnti meM ramaNa karanA saMtuSTa rahanA samyaktva mohanIya hai| samyaktva kA sukha viSayabhoga ke samAna pratikSaNa kSINa nahIM hotA hai, parantu yaha avyAbAdha nahIM hai| avyAbAdha sukha cAritra moha ke kSaya evaM vItarAgatA se hI sambhava hai| samyaktva sukha meM ramaNa karanA aisA hI hai, jaisA kisI pathika kA patha meM Ae sundara, sukhada, ramaNIya udyAna meM ramaNa karanA apane gantavya sthAna kI ora na bar3hanA, gantavya sthAna se vaMcita rhnaa| isI prakAra samyaktva mohanIya ke sukha meM ramaNa karanA cAritra moha ke kSaya se anubhUta vItarAgatA ke avyAbAdha va ananta sukha se vaMcita rahanA hai| mizra mohanIya - jisa karma ke udaya se samyaktva aura mithyAtva donoM ke prati zraddhA ho vaha mizra mohanIya hai| isakA udaya aMtamuhUrta se adhika kAla rUpa taka nahIM rahatA hai| viSaya-bhogoM ke sukha ke sAtha parAdhInatA, jar3atA, cintA Adi asaMkhya duHkha lage hone se viSaya-bhoga ke sukha ko heya va tyAjya mAnanA va nija-svarUpa meM sthita hone ko upAdeya mAnanA samyagdarzana hai| isake viparIta viSaya-bhogoM ke sukha ko grAhya va upAdeya mAnanA, isameM jIvana-buddhi honA mithyAtva hai| mizra mohanIya meM viSayakaSAya janya sukha ko AMzika rUpa meM heya aura AMzika rUpa meM upAdeya, ye donoM mAnanA hai| yaha sthiti antarmuhUrta se adhika samaya nahIM rahatI hai| cAritra mohanIya - AtmA kA svabhAva-viruddha AcaraNa cAritra mohanIya hai| yaha jJAna ke anAdara rUpa AcaraNa kA pariNAma hai| jahA~ mohayukta dRSTi hai arthAt darzana mohanIya hai vahA~ cAritra mohanIya Avazyaka rUpa se hotA hai| cAritra mohanIya kI karmaprakRtiyA~ 25 haiM, jinameM 16 kaSAya evaM 9 nokaSAya kahe gae haiM 16 kaSAya- (1-4) anantAnubaMdhI krodha, mAna, mAyA evaM lobh| (5-8) apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa krodha, mAna, mAyA evaM lobha (9-12) pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa krodha, mAna, mAyA evaM lobha (13-16) saMjvalana krodha, mAna, mAyA evaM lobh| [182] jainatattva sAra

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9 nokaSAya- (17) hAsya (18) rati (19) arati (20) bhaya (21) zoka (22) jugupsA (23) strIveda (24) puruSaveda (25) npusNkved| vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie lekhaka kI pUrva prakAzita pustaka 'bandha tattva' ke mohanIya karma adhyAya meM nimnAMkita prakaraNa paThanIya hai- kaSAya kA svarUpa evaM usake bheda-prabheda; no kaSAya; hAsya-rati-arati-zoka; bhaya-jugupsA; puruSavedastrIveda-napuMsakaveda; mohanIya karma ke baMdha ke kAraNa; moha vijaya kyoM Avazyaka? Ayu karma jisa karma ke udaya se jIva jIvita rahatA hai, eka bhava meM avasthita rahatA hai, cAhakara bhI usase nikala nahIM pAtA, use Ayu karma kahate haiN| yaha niyama hai ki prANI kI pravRtti jaba pragAr3ha ho jAtI hai to vaha prakRti (Adata) kA rUpa dhAraNa kara letI hai| phira vaha jIvana bana jAtI hai arthAt usa prakRti ke anurUpa hI vaha Age kA jIvana yA bhava dhAraNa karatA hai| yaha bhava dhAraNA jisase hotI hai, vaha Ayu karma hai| bhava kI sthiti hI Ayu karma kI sthiti hai| saMkSepa meM zarIra kI jIvanI-zakti ko Ayu karma kahA jA sakatA hai| yahA~ yaha smaraNIya hai ki Ayu karma kA baMdha sadaiva nahIM hotA hai tathA Ayu karma kA baMdha prANI kI madhyamAna prakRti (ausata Adata) ke anusAra hotA hai| bhAvAveza Adi meM Akara kI gaI pravRtti kI tIvratA yA mandatA meM jo kevala kucha kAla Tikane vAlI hai, usameM Ayu karma kA baMdha nahIM hotA hai| Ayukarma cAra prakAra kA hai- 1. narakAyu 2. tiryaMcAyu 3. manuSyAyu aura 4. devAyu / ina cAroM AyuoM ke baMdha ke hetuoM kA jJAna jIvana ke lie atyupayogI hai| ataH yahA~ para pratyeka Ayu karma ke baMdha ke hetuoM para vizeSa prakAza DAlA jA rahA hai| vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie lekhaka kI pUrva prakAzita pustaka 'bandha tattva' ke Ayu karma adhyAya meM nimnAMkita prakaraNa paThanIya hai- narakAyu; tiryaMcAyu; manuSyAyu; devAyu; gati aura aayu| Ayu karma kA sthiti baMdha vizuddhi bhAva se| nAma karma nAma karma zarIra se saMbaMdhita nAnA rUpoM kA sUcaka hai| isIlie nAma karma ko citere kI evaM nAma karma ke bhedoM ko nAnA prakAra ke citroM kI upamA dI gaI hai| yathA- nAmakammaM cittismN|-krmgrnth bhAga-1, gAthA 22 baMdha tattva [183]

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arthAt jisa prakAra AkRti kI banAvaTa evaM raMgoM kI sajAvaTa se citra nAnA rUpa dhAraNa kara lete haiM, isI prakAra zarIra kI AkRti Adi kI banAvaTa aura jIva ke pariNAmoM se zarIra para par3ane vAle prabhAvoM se nAma karma aneka rUpoM meM prakaTa hotA hai| ___ nAma karma kA sambandha zarIra se hai arthAt zarIra, indriya, mana, vacana, kriyA AcaraNa va vyavahAra se hai| zarIra meM indriyoM kA honA, zarIra kI saMracanA, AkRti, sabalatA-nirbalatA (hanana) zarIra ke pudgaloM ke varNa, gaMdha, rasa, sparza, vacana kA kAMta, madhura, priya honA Adi saba nAma karma se sambaddha haiN| ___ nAma karma kI 36 pudgala vipAkI prakRtiyoM kA sambandha zarIra saMracanA vijJAna se hai, yathA 5 zarIra (audAdika, vaikriya, AhAraka, tejasa zarIra, kArmaNa zarIra)3 aMgopAMga (audArika, vaikriya, AhAraka),6 hanana (vajraRSabha nArAca, RSabha nArAca, nArAca, arddha nArAca, kIlaka aura sevArta) 6 saMsthAna(samacaturasra, nyagrodha, sAdi, vAmana, kubjaka aura huMDaka), varNa, gaMdha, rasa, sparza, Atapa, udyota, upaghAta, parAghAta, aguru-laghu, nirmANa, zubha-azubha, sthira-asthira, pratyeka, sAdhAraNa ye 36 pudgala vipAkI prakRtiyA~ zarIra se saMbaMdhita haiN| inameM jo zarIra ke svarUpa evaM pUrNarUpa kI sUcaka haiM tathA sahAyaka haiM ve puNya prakRtiyA~ haiM aura jo aniSTa haiM asvasthatA va apUrNatA kI sUcaka haiM ve pApa prakRtiyA~ haiN| citrakAra dvArA koI citra banA dene ke pazcAt usake bhAva badala jAte haiN| pahale kA bhAva naSTa ho jAtA hai, nayA bhAva A jAtA hai, parantu citra naSTa nahIM hotA hai kucha kAla taka rahatA hai| isI prakAra ghAtikarma badala jAte haiM, parantu unake nimitta se utpanna hue aghAtI karma tatkAla naSTa nahIM hote haiM, bane rahate haiN| una para prANI kA vaza nahIM calatA hai, unakA prakRti ke vidhAna se sarjana hotA hai| ve prakRti kI dena haiN| prakRti ke vidhAna meM kisI kA ahita nahIM hai| ataH ye karma aghAtI haiN| ghAtI karma yAnI doSa prANI kI svayaM kI upaja yA dena haiN| ghAtI karma karane yA na karane meM evaM unakA kSaya karane meM prANI svAdhIna hai, parantu aghAtI karmoM kA kSaya karane meM svAdhIna nahIM hai| jaise bhojana karane na karane meM, acchA burA bhojana karane meM prANI svAdhIna hai, parantu bhojana ke pazcAt usakA pAcana honA, usakA zarIra para prabhAva prakaTa honA- yaha prakRti kA kArya hai, isameM prANI svAdhIna nahIM hai| viSa khAnA na khAnA apane vaza kI bAta hai, parantu usake prabhAva rUpa mUrchA-behozI na Ane meM vaza kI bAta nahIM hai| zarIra kA vikAsa honA, Ayu samApta honA, nikRSTa [184] jainatattva sAra

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mAnasika sthiti kA honA, Arta- raudra dhyAna honA vaza kI bAta nahIM hai, ye svata: hote haiN| isI prakAra sAttvika bhojana, zarIra kA puSTa honA, sAtA evaM asAtA kA vedana honA, jIvanI - zakti kA surakSita rahanA, zarIra-mana kA prasanna honA svata: hotA hai / nAmakarma kI kucha prakRtiyoM ke vizeSa artha vihAyogati nAmakarma jIva kI cAla ko vihAyogati kahate haiM / isake do bheda haiM- zubha vihAyogati aura azubha vihAyogati / zubha - vihAyogati - jisa karma ke udaya se jIva kI cAla zubha ho arthAt use calane meM kaThinAI nahIM ho, vaha zubha vihAyogati hai / azubha- vihAyogati - jisa karma ke udaya se jIva kI cAla azubha ho arthAt use calane meM kaSTa ho vaha azubha vihAyogati hai / jaise laMgar3A kara calanA, poliyo hone se pairoM ko ghasITate hue calanA / kucha vidvAn hAthI jaisI cAla ko zubha aura U~Ta jaisI cAla ko azubha mAnate haiM, parantu aisA mAnanA ucita nahIM pratIta hotA hai, kAraNa ki pazu, pakSI evaM saba jIvoM ko apanI svAbhAvika va sahaja cAla burI nahIM lagatI hai| U~Ta ko bhI apanI cAla acchI hI lagatI hai, burI nahIM / jijJAsA - vihAyas AkAza ko kahate haiN| vaha sarvatra vyApta hai / ataH jo bhI gati hotI hai vaha AkAza meM hI hotI hai, anyatra ho hI nahIM sakatI, phira gati zabda ke sAtha vihAyas vizeSaNa kyoM lagAyA gayA ? samAdhAna- vihAyas vizeSaNa na lagAkara yadi kevala gati hI kahate to nAma karma kI prathama prakRti kA nAma bhI gati hone ke kAraNa punarukti doSa kI AMzakA ho jAtI aura ina donoM gatiyoM kI bhinnatA ko jAnane meM bhrAnti ho jAtI / ataH yahA~ jIva kI cAla ko gati samajhane aura naraka Adi gati ko grahaNa na karane hetu vihAyas zabda lagAnA upayukta hI hai| agurulaghu nAma karma jisa prakRti ke udaya se kAna, nAka, A~kha, hAtha, paira Adi zarIra ke avayava choTe-bar3e na hokara yathocita hoM, vaha agurulaghu nAmakarma prakRti hai| isakA udaya pratyeka prANI meM sadaiva rahatA hai| baMdha tattva [185]

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agurulaghu kA artha hotA hai na to choTA, na bar3A arthAt jaisA cAhiye vaisA honaa| dUsare zabdoM meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki saMtulita avasthA hI agurulaghu hai| jIvana ko calAne ke lie zarIra ke hAtha, paira, nAka, kAna Adi aMgoM kA saMtulita rahanA Avazyaka hai| zarIra meM yaha eka prakRti pradatta prakriyA hai jisase usakA sira, nAka, kAna, A~kha, paira, peTa, kamara Adi saMtulita anupAta meM hote haiN| yahI saMtulita anupAta zarIra ko svastha rakhatA hai evaM TikAye rakhatA hai| isIlie zarIra ko saMtulita rakhane vAlI agurulaghu prakRti kA udaya sadA mAnA gayA hai| kisI vyakti kA peTa yA zarIra bhArI arthAt guru ho jAtA hai to yaha agurulaghu prakRti ke nirbala hone kA dyotaka hai| aisA vyakti asvastha hotA hai va usakA jIvana durbhara ho jAtA hai| zArIrika va mAnasika svAsthya ke nirmANa meM agurulaghu prakRti kA bahuta bar3A bhAga hotA hai| zarIra meM saMtulana rakhane vAlI aMtasrAvI graMthiyoM ko bhI agurulaghu karmodaya kaha sakate haiM- jaise thAyarAyaDa pairA thaoNyarAiDa, eDrInala, agnAzaya, thAimasa, pIniyala aadi| inameM pratyeka se alaga-alaga hArmona srAvita hote haiM, jo zarIra ke aMgaupAMga va anya tattvoM ko niyaMtrita rakhane kA kArya karate haiN| ye graMthiyA~ hArmona vAhinI hotI haiN| ataH inheM zarIra ke aMgopAMga nahIM kahA jA sktaa| thAyarAyaDa granthi zarIra rUpI mazIna kA bar3A acchA reguleTara hai| yadi thAyarAyaDa kI sakriyatA kama huI to moTApA A jAyegA, thakAna anubhava hogii| sakriyatA adhika huI to vajana ghaTatA hI jAyegA, hRdaya kI dhar3akana bddh'egii| thAyarAyaDa kI gar3abar3I kA artha hai zarIra ke saMtulana cakra kA gar3abar3a honaa| pairAthAyarAyaDa kA strAva rudhira meM kailsiyama aura phaoNsphorasa kI mAtrA kA saMtulana rakhatA hai| eDrInala graMthi ke srAva kA prabhAva raktacApa, zvAsa kI gati Adi para par3atA hai| agnyAzaya graMthi kA strAva rudhira meM zakkara kI mAtrA kA niyamana karatA hai| isakI kamI se madhumeha roga ho jAtA hai|piiyuuss granthi meM lagabhaga 13 prakAra ke hArmona srAvita hote haiN| inameM se kucha antaHsrAvI granthiyoM ko niyantrita karate haiN| eka hArmona zarIra kI asthiyoM kI lambAI ko niyantrita karatA hai tathA jananagranthi ko bhI prabhAvita karatA hai| jisa prakAra manuSya meM antaHsrAvI granthiyoM se hArmona paidA hote haiM usI prakAra pazuoM va paudhoM meM bhI inDosa esiTika amla hArmona hote haiN| paudhoM ke zIrSa sthAnoM para kaI inDosa hArmona banate haiM jo ki paudhe kI vRddhi aura parivarddhana kA niyaMtraNa karate haiN| [186] jainatattva sAra

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__Azaya yaha hai ki per3a-paudhe, pazu-pakSI, manuSya Adi sabhI prANiyoM ke zarIra meM usako yathocita rUpa meM saMtulita rakhane vAle hArmona hote haiM, jo zarIra meM sadA kAryarata rahate haiN| isIlie inheM agurulaghu prakRti kahA jA sakatA hai| zarIra se arthAt pudgala se saMbaMdhita hone se yaha prakriyA pudgala vipAkI prakRti kahI gayI hai| nirmANa nAma karma nAma karma kI 93 prakRtiyoM meM nirmANa eka prakRti hai| yaha pudgala vipAkI hai| kAraNa ki isakA sambandha pudgaloM dvArA zarIra kA nirmANa karanA hotA hai| 'nirmANa' zabda kA artha hai banAnA yA racanA krnaa| zarIra meM sarjana kI jo prakriyA calatI hai vahI nirmANa nAmakarma hai| jaba zarIra para kahIM astra-zastra kI coTa laga jAtI hai aura ghAva ho jAtA hai to usa ghAva ko bharane ke lie, dUsare zabdoM meM usa vikSata aMga kA punaH nirmANa karane ke lie zarIra meM eka prakriyA prArambha hotI hai| usI prakriyA ke phalasvarUpa ghAva ke tala meM mAMsa kA va ghAva ke cAroM ora camar3I kA nirmANa hone lagatA hai aura dhIre-dhIre ghAva pUrA bhara jAtA hai| zarIra kI yahI prakriyA nirmANa nAmakarma kahI jAtI hai| zarIra meM jaba kahIM haDDI TUTa jAtI hai to use punaH jor3ane, nirmANa karane kA kArya zarIra kI yahI nirmANa prakRti karatI hai| cikitsaka use jor3a nahIM sakatA hai| cikitsaka to kevala haDDI ke TUTe hue Tukar3oM ko sahI sthiti meM lAkara cUne kA paTTa bAMdha detA hai| usa cUne ke paTTe meM koI davA nahIM hotI hai aura na koI davA hI lagAI jAtI hai| zarIra ko yaha nirmANakArI prakRti hI use punaH sIdhA kara eka banAtI hai| zarIra kI nirbalatA ko dUra kara sabala banAnA bhI isI prakRti kA kArya hai| jisa vyakti kI yaha nirmANa prakRti jitanI sabala hotI hai usa vyakti kA ghAva utanA hI zIghra bharatA hai evaM haDDI zIghra jur3atI hai aura jisa jIva kI nirmANa karma prakRti nirbala hotI hai usake ghAva bharane va haDDI jur3ane meM utanA hI adhika samaya lagatA hai| vRddhAvasthA meM ghAva bharane va haDDI jur3ane, zarIra meM zakti Ane meM adhika samaya lagane kA kAraNa bhI nirmANa nAma kI prakRti kA nirbala ho jAnA hai| zarIra-kriyA vijJAna meM zarIra kI marammata va nirmANa karane vAle padArthoM kI utpatti ko upacaya sRjanAtmaka kriyA kahate haiN| vijJAna jagat meM jIvadhArI kA pahalA mukhya lakSaNa upacayApacaya hai| jIva ke zarIra meM sajIva kozikAoM meM anavarata hone vAlI jaiva rAsAyanika kriyAoM ko sAmUhika rUpa se upacayApacaya kahate haiN| ye baMdha tattva [187]

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jaiva-rAsAyanika kriyAe~ aneka prakAra kI hotI haiN| eka prakAra kI kriyAe~ sRjanAtmaka hotI haiM, jisase nirantara naye yaugika banate rahate haiM aura zarIra kA sRjana yA nirmANa nirantara hotA rahatA hai| ise hI karma-siddhAnta meM nirmANa nAmakarma kahA jA sakatA hai| Atapa nAmakarma jisa karma ke udaya se jIva kA zarIra to uSNa nahIM ho, parantu zarIra se uSNa prakAza nikalatA ho use AtapanAma kahA hai| sUrya ke vimAna svarUpa pRthvI kAyika ekendriya jIvoM ke aisA zarIra mAnA gayA hai, parantu vartamAna meM khagola vijJAna ne sUrya ko Aga kA golA mAnA hai, vimAna nhiiN| ataH yaha khoja kA viSaya hai| kucha machaliyA~ va jantu aise haiM jinake zarIra se nikalane vAle prakAza se vidyut ke karaMTa jaisA dhakkA lagatA hai| udyota nAmakarma jisa karma ke udaya se jIva ke zarIra meM udyota arthAt camaka utpanna ho| udyota kA artha hai zarIra se prakaTa hone vAlA zItala prkaash| tiryaMca gati meM ekendriya vanaspati Adi se lekara paMcendriya taka ke pazu-pakSI pAye jAte haiM, jinake zarIra se zItala prakAza nikalatA hai| pahale sAdhAraNataH juganU ko hI aisA mAnA jAtA thA, parantu jIva vijJAna kI khoja meM ekendriya se paMcendriya taka meM udyota prakaTa karane vAle jIva haiN| jIva-vijJAna meM jina jIvoM ke prakAza kA utsarjana hotA hai unheM pradIpI jIva kahate haiM, inameM kevala juganU hI nahIM, pradIpI jIvoM meM kucha viziSTa prakAra ke jIvANu kavaka, spanja, korala, paijileTa, reDiyo-leriyana, ghoMghe, kanakhajUre, kAna salAI govArI(milIpIDa) Adi aneka prakAra ke kITa tathA adhika gaharAI meM pAI jAne vAlI samudrI machaliyA~ Adi haiN| kavaka aura baikTiriyA jAti ke ekendriya jIva jaba per3oM kI sar3I-galI zAkhAoM-prazAkhAoM para uga Ate haiM, to vRkSa prakAzamaya dikhAI dene lagate haiN| yaha prakAza inhIM baikTIriyA jIvoM va kavakoM kA pariNAma hai| nyUjIlaiNDa kI kucha guphAoM kI chatoM para hajAroM kI saMkhyA meM glovarmalArvA reMgate rahate haiM, jinake zarIra ke prakAza se guphAyeM jagamagAtI rahatI haiM, inake zarIra se eka dhAgA nikalatA rahatA hai, jaba koI guphA kI dIvAroM ko thapathapA detA hai, yA AvAja karatA hai, to prakAza nikalanA baMda ho jAtA hai, guphA meM aMdherA ho jAtA hai| yahIM eka kRmi kITa seTopTerasI pAyA jAtA hai| yaha itanA camakIlA hotA hai ki ise machalI khA letI hai to usakA peTa camakane lagatA hai| [188] jainatattva sAra

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amerikA kI cejapIka khAr3I meM nAkTIlyUkA nAma kA jIva hotA hai, nAkTIlyUkA kA zAbdika artha hotA hai rAtri kA prkaash| ye jIva sUkSmadarzI yaMtra se dikhAI dete haiM, parantu itanI adhika saMkhyA meM hote haiM, ki khAr3I kA pAnI bahuta dUra taka hare prakAza se jagamagAtA hai| harA prakAza prakaTa karane vAle jIvoM meM jelIphiza bhI eka hai| kucha jantu jApAna ke nikaTa sipriDAinA samudra ke taTa ke jala meM pAye jAte haiM, jaba ve bhojana kI khoja meM bAhara nikalate haiM taba to unake cAroM ora nIlA prakAza chA jAtA hai| __ amerikA meM eka 'grava' nAmaka jIva pAyA jAtA hai| isake lArvA ke sira para lAla raMga ke camakIle prakAza vAle do bindu dikhAI dete haiN| jaba rAtri meM vaha calatA hai taba iMjana ke prakAza kI taraha do bindu camakate dikhAI dete hai, ata: vaha jIva relaror3avarma ke nAma se pukArA jAtA hai| pradIpI jIvoM meM juganuoM kI jAti bahuta prasiddha hai| lagabhaga 50 juganuoM ke ikaTThe prakAza meM pustaka paDhI jA sakatI hai| jaba mAdA juganU nara ko pAsa bulAne kA saMketa karatI hai to usakA prakAza 80-80 mITara dUra se dikhAI detA hai| juganU ke prakAza meM alTrAvAyaleTa aura iMphrAreDa kiraNeM nahIM hotI haiN| ataH inakA prakAza zItala hotA hai| isa ThaMDI Aga kA honA isameM lyusirpherina nAmaka padArtha kA honA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki ekendriya se paMcendriya taka ke tiryaMcoM meM udyota nAmakarma kA astitva pAyA jAtA hai| parAghAta nAmakarma 'para' para AghAta kara use parAjita karane kI zakti vAlI karma prakRti ko parAghAta kahA jAtA hai| ise pratirakSAtmaka zakti puunadapajala ccUmata kahA jA sakatA hai| vartamAna meM apane darzana va vANI se dUsaroM ko niSprabha kara denA athavA bar3ebar3e balavAnoM va pahalavAnoM ke lie ajeya honA parAghAta mAnA jAtA hai| parantu yaha artha upayukta nahIM lagatA hai, kAraNa ki indriya paryApti kI upalabdhi hote hI saMsAra ke samasta jIvoM ke niyama se parAghAta kA udaya hotA hai| yaha udaya zarIra ke vidyamAna rahate nirantara hotA rahatA hai| isa prakAra sabhI jIva sadaiva ajeya hI siddha hoNge| koI bhI jIva kabhI bhI parAjaya ko prApta nahIM hogaa| ata: uparyukta artha kI apekSA zarIra kI baikTIriyA, vAyarasa Adi kITANunAzaka, pratirodhAtmaka zakti imyUniTI pAvara baMdha tattva [ 189]

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ko parAghAta mAnanA adhika upayukta lagatA hai| kAraNa ki asaMkhya prakAra ke baikTIriyA Adi kITANuoM kA zarIra para nirantara AkramaNa hotA rahatA hai aura pratirodhAtmaka zakti pratyAkramaNa kara una para vijaya prApta karatI rahatI hai / parAghAta prakRti use kahate haiM, jisase para arthAt dUsare kA ghAta ho, dUsare para vijaya prApta ho| yaha pudgala vipAkI prakRti hai, isaliye isakA sambandha zarIra se hai, zarIra meM Ane vAle dUSita padArtha, dUSita vAyu vikAra utpanna karane vAle padArtha aura saMkrAmaka yA sAdhAraNa jvara - jukAma Adi bImArI paidA karane vAle kITANu zarIra meM bAharI vAtAvaraNa se Akara hamalA karate haiM- isaliye sabako para kahA jAtA hai / parantu hamAre zarIra meM rakta ke zvetakaNa Adi aise tattva haiM jo ina bAhya vikAroM yA zarIra meM hone vAle vikAroM se yuddhakara inako parAjita karate rahate haiN| para ko AghAta pahu~cAne vAlI yahI prakRti parAghAta kahalAtI hai / parAghAta prakRti ke udaya se jIva zarIra kI dRSTi se zaktizAlI hotA hai / vaha aneka prakAra kI paristhitiyoM kA sAmAnya rUpa se sAmanA kara sakatA hai| prakRti ne pratyeka prANI ke zarIra meM eka aisI prakriyA kI vyavasthA kI hai jo vijAtIya padArtha ke prabhAva se use surakSita rakhatI hai| yaha niSprabhAvana taMtra hI parAghAta nAmakarma hai, jo para ke AghAta va AkramaNa ko prabhAvahIna banAne kA kArya karatA hai / yaha puNya prakRti hai / jIva jisa saMsAra meM rahate haiM, usake vAtAvaraNa meM viSANu, jIvANu, kITANu Adi aise jIva bhare par3e haiM jo prANI ke zarIra para AkramaNa karake use apanA AhAra banAnA cAhate haiN| DAkTaroM kA kathana hai ki haije ke, motIjhare ke, rAjayakSmA Adi rogoM ke kITANu prAyaH sabhI jagaha nyUnAdhika rUpa meM pAye jAte haiM aura anajAne hI prANI ke zarIra meM praveza kara usa zarIra ko AhAra va nivAsa sthAna banAkara apanI AbAdI bar3hAnA cAhate haiN| ye eka dina meM itane bar3ha jAte haiM ki eka jIva se karor3oM jIvoM kI utpatti ho sakatI hai| ye kITANu Adi vijAtIya tattva zvAsa, bhojana, sparza Adi ke dvArA hamAre zarIra meM pahu~ca jAte haiM / parantu hamAre zarIra meM rakta ke zvetANu Adi aise tattva haiM jo inake sAtha yuddhakara inako parAjita kara inako naSTa kara dete haiN| inhIM vijAtIya padArthoM va zarIra ko AghAta pahuMcAne vAle vAle kITANuoM para vijaya pAne vAlI prakRti parAghAta kahalAtI hai| upaghAtanAmakarma upaghAta kA artha hai apane hI aMga dvArA apane zarIra ko hAni phuNcaanaa| vartamAna meM upaghAta ke udaya se pratijihvA, cora dAMta, rasaulI Adi upaghAtakArI jainatattva sAra [ 190 ]

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vikRta avayavoM kI prApti mAnA jAtA hai, parantu saMsAra ke samasta jIvoM ke zarIra paryApti kI upalabdhi hote hI niyama se upaghAta kA udaya hotA hai| yaha udaya zarIra ke sAtha mRtyu paryanta hotA rahatA hai| sAdhAraNa ekendriya vanaspati kAya ke jIva jo eka zarIra meM ananta hote haiM, unake bhI upaghAta kA udaya sadaiva rahatA hai aura indriya-prApti ke pahale hI isakA udaya ho jAtA hai| ataH isakA sambandha indriya se nahIM ho sktaa| AhAra karane se zarIra banate hI usameM vijAtIya padArtha utpanna honA prArambha ho jAte haiM, jo zarIra ke lie ghAtaka haiN| ataH zarIra meM ina vijAtIya padArthoM kI utpatti ko upaghAta kahanA uparyukta artha se adhika upayukta lagatA hai| _ jisa karma ke udaya se svayaM ke zarIra kA ghAta ho, zarIra ko hAni pahu~ce,use upaghAta nAma karma kahate haiN| isase zarIra meM sthita rakta saMsthAna, pAcana saMsthAna, zvAsa saMsthAna Adi saMsthAnoM va avayavoM meM sadaiva kucha vijAtIya padArthoM se aneka vikAra utpanna hote hI rahate haiN| kucha vikAra bAharI vAtAvaraNa jaise dUSita vAyu, dUSita khAdya Adi padArthoM ke dvArA bhI zarIra meM prakaTa hote haiM, kaI saMkrAmaka rogoM ke kITANu bhI zarIra meM praveza kara jAte haiM jinake dvArA zarIra meM hAnikAraka bImAriyA~ utpanna ho jAtI haiM, jo hAni pahu~cAtI haiN| yaha saba upaghAta prakRti kA udaya hai| yaha pudgala vipAkI prakRti hai| isakA phala zarIra meM pudgaloM ke rUpa meM hI hotA hai| ise pApa prakRti kahA gayA hai| upaghAta-parAghAta (pratirodha taMtra)- parAghAta evaM upaghAta karma-prakRti pudgala vipAkI haiN| pudgala-vipAkI zabda kA artha hai inakA phala zarIra ke pudgaloM ke rUpa meM hI prakaTa hotA hai| inameM upaghAta prakRti ko pApa prakRti aura parAghAta prakRti ko puNya prakRti kahA hai, jo ucita hI hai| kAraNa ki upaghAta prakRti use kahA jAtA hai jisase zarIra ko hAni pahu~ce aura parAghAta prakRti use kahA jAtA hai jisase dUsare para vijaya mile| zarIra meM hAni utpanna hone kA kyA kArya hai? isa para vicAra kareM to jJAta hogA ki zarIra meM sthita rakta saMsthAna, pAcana saMsthAna, zvAsa saMsthAna Adi sabhI saMsthAnoM meM pratikSaNa koI na koI vikAra utpanna ho rahA hai| rakta meM pratikSaNa azuddhi A rahI hai| isa azuddhi kA zodhana hRdaya ke saMcAlana se ho rahA hai tathA pasIne Adi ke rUpa meM vaha azuddhi bAhara nikalatI hai| pAcana saMsthAna meM vikAra utpanna ho rahA hai jo mala-mUtra ke rUpa meM vaha bAhara nikalatA hai| zvasana dvArA bAhara nikalane vAlI vAyu baMdha tattva [191]

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bhI andara kI vikArayukta vAyu hI hai, jisameM kArbana-DAI- AksAiDa milA huA hai| jo zarIra ke lie hAnikAraka hotA hai| zarIra meM ina hAnikAraka padArthoM kA utpanna honA hI upaghAta prakRti hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki zarIra meM nirantara hAni paha~cAne vAle aneka prakAra ke vikAra utpanna hote hI rahate haiM tathA zarIra unheM zvAsa Adi ke dvArA bAhara nikAlane kA kArya karatA hI rahatA hai| eka kSaNa bhI aisA nahIM jAtA hai ki jisameM vikAra utpanna na hote hoN| zarIra meM vikAra utpanna hone kI yaha prakriyA zarIra ke dhAraNa karane ke sAtha cAlU ho jAtI hai| isIlie karma-siddhAnta meM zarIra paryApti ke sAtha hI upaghAta prakRti kA udaya mAnA hai| jina jIvoM kI parAghAta prakRti kamajora hotI hai unake zarIra para bAhara se AkramaNa karane vAle kSaya, haije Adi ke kITANu vijayI ho jAte haiM aura thor3e se samaya meM hI ve apanI saMtati bar3hAkara lAkhoM-karor3oM kI saMkhyA meM ho jAte haiM aura vaha prANI kSaya roga va haije Adi se pIDita ho jAtA hai| cikitsaka punaH unakI una kITANuoM para vijaya prApta karane kI zakti ko bar3hAne ke lie auSadhiyA~ dete haiM aura auSadhiyoM se jaba parAghAta prakRti kI zakti bar3ha jAtI hai taba vaha roga ke kITANuoM ko yuddha meM harAkara unakA nAza kara detI hai| taba prANI punaH roga mukta ho jAtA hai| nagara meM haije Adi kA roga phailane para eka hI vAtAvaraNa va eka hI ghara meM rahane para bhI kucha vyakti roga grasta nahIM hote haiM aura kucha vyakti roga grasta ho jAte haiN| isakA bhI kAraNa yahI hai ki jinake zarIra meM aise tattva vipula mAtrA meM vidyamAna haiM, jo roga ke kITANu para AkramaNa karake unakA nAza karane meM samartha haiM, to vaha vyakti usa roga se baca jAtA hai| parantu jisa vyakti meM roga ke kITANuoM para vijaya pAne vAle tattvoM kI kamI ho vaha usa roga se grasta ho jAtA hai| karma-siddhAnta kI bhASA meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki sabala parAghAta prakRti vAlA vyakti saMkrAmaka rogoM se baca jAtA hai aura nirbala parAghAta prakRti vAlA vyakti saMkrAmaka roga se AkrAMta ho jAtA hai| zvAsocchAsa nAmakarma nAmakarma kI prakRtiyoM meM 'zvAsocchvAsa nAma karma prakRti' jIva vipAkI prakRti hai| kAraNa ki isa kriyA kA sambandha jIvana se hai, na ki pudgaloM se| zvAsa chor3ane meM jo vAyu bAhara nikalatI hai vaha vikRta hotI hai aura usakA vikRta honA [192] jainatattva sAra

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upaghAta prakRti kA kArya hai aura zvAsa meM grahaNa kI gaI vAyu se AksIjana grahaNa karanA, usakA upayoga karanA, use yathAsthAna pahu~cAnA, usase nava-nirmANa karanA, zarIra ko puSTa karanA Adi zarIra, baMdhana, saMghAtana va nirmANa Adi nAmakarma kI pudgala vipAkI prakRtiyoM ke kArya haiN| isa prakAra vAyu ke rUpa meM oNksIjana Adi pudgaloM kA AnA va kArbana-DAI-oNksAiDa pugaloM kA vAyu ke rUpa meM nikalanA ye donoM bAteM pudgaloM se arthAt pudgala vipAkI prakRtiyoM se saMbaMdhita haiM, parantu zvAsa ko nikAlane va chor3ane kI prakriyA kinhI pugaloM dvArA nahIM hotI hai pratyuta svayaM jIva ke dvArA hotI hai| isI kAraNa zvasana kI yaha prakriyA jIvana kI dyotaka hai / isIlie prakriyA yA pravRtti ke baMda hote hI jIvana kA bhI aMta ho jAtA hai| zvAsocchvAsa ke jIva vipAkI hone kA sabase prabala pramANa yaha hai ki zvAsa kI gati ke tIvra - maMda hone kA sambandha jIva ke bhAvoM ke sAtha hai| jaba jIva meM rAga-dveSa, kAma-krodha Adi vikAra tIvra hote haiM to zvAsa kI gati tIvra ho jAtI hai / rAga kI tIvratA se hI saMbhoga ke samaya zvAsa kI gati tIvra ho jAtI hai / isa prakAra viSaya - kaSAya rUpa vikAroM kA sambandha zvAsocchvAsa ke sAtha hai| jaba citta zAnta va ekAgra hotA hai to svataH zvAsa kI gati dhImI ho jAtI hai evaM kumbhaka hone lagatA hai| zvAsa kA sambandha bhAvoM ke sAtha hone se hI ise jIva vipAkI prakRti kahA gayA hai| zvAsocchvAsa ko jIva apane prayatna dvArA roka sakatA hai, dIrgha, teja va dhImA kara sakatA hai| isase yaha bhI phalita hotA hai ki jIva vipAkI karma prakRtiyA~ ve haiM jinake udaya kA sambandha jIva ke adhyavasAya, mana, vacana aura kAyA kI prakRti yA prayatna se hai| pudgala vipAkI prakRtiyA~ ve haiM jo binA prayatna ke svataH udita hotI haiN| tIrthaMkara prakRti - jisa karma ke udaya se jIva dharma tIrtha kI sthApanA kare use tIrthaMkara nAmakarma kahate haiM / isakA udaya kaivalya dazA meM hI hotA hai / cauthe guNasthAna meM samyagdarzana hone para jaba yaha anubhava hotA hai ki duHkha kA kAraNa viSaya - kaSAya, rAga-dveSa Adi vikAra haiM, ina vikAroM se grasta sabhI prANI du:khI haiM, ina prANiyoM kA kalyANa rAga-dveSa Adi vikAra dUra hone meM hai / maiM inheM vaha mArga batAU~ jisa para calakara inake vikAra dUra hoM aura inakA kalyANa ho / yaha kalyANa karane kI bhAvanA tIrthaMkara prakRti kI sUcaka hai| cauthe guNasthAna meM kalyANakAraka sevAbhAva kA anubhAga sImita hotA hai, parantu jaise-jaise sAdhaka baMdha tattva [ 193 ]

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sAdhanA patha para Age bar3hatA jAtA hai usakA sevAbhAva vistRta hotA jAtA hai tathA kartatva bhAva ghaTatA jAtA hai| yaha kalyANakArI sevAbhAva jitanA vibhu hotA jAtA hai, tIrthaMkara prakRti kA anubhAga utanA hI bar3hatA jAtA hai jo AThaveM guNasthAna meM apanI carama sImA para paha~ca jAtA hai| usa samaya usameM saMsAra ke samasta jIvoM kA kalyANa hove, saba jIva nirvikAra hoveM, yaha utkarSabhAva ho jAtA hai| jisase tIrthaMkara prakRti kA anubhAga utkRSTa ho jAtA hai aura phira antarmuhUrta meM kevalajJAna ho jAtA hai| taba vaha tIrtha kI sthApanA karatA hai aura bhavya jIvoM ko mukti ke mArga kA upadeza detA hai| trasa nAma karma jisa karma ke udaya se jIva eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna taka sva-prayatna se cala sake vaha trasa nAma karma hai| dvIndriya se paMcendriya taka ke jIva trasa jIva haiN| sthAvara nAma karma __ jisa karma ke udaya se jIva svecchA se na cala sake, eka hI sthAna para sthira rahe, vaha sthAvara nAma karma hai| bAdara nAmakarma jisa jIva kA zarIra chedA, bhedA jA sake, aise sthUla zarIra kA milanA bAdara nAmakarma hai| sUkSma nAmakarma jisa jIva kA zarIra adRzya ho evaM itanA sUkSma ho ki chedA-bhedA nahIM jA sake vaha sUkSma nAmakarma hai| paryApta nAmakarma jisa karma ke udaya se jIva apanI yogya paryAptiyoM se yukta ho, use paryApta nAma karma kahate haiN| aparyApta nAmakarma jisa karma ke udaya se jIva apanI yogya paryAptiyoM ko pUrNa na kara sake, use aparyApta nAmakarma kahate haiN| pratyeka nAmakarma jisa karma ke udaya se pratyeka jIva ko apanA zarIra pRthak mile use pratyeka nAmakarma kahate haiN| [194] jainatattva sAra

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sAdhAraNa nAmakarma jisa karma ke udaya se jIva ko pRthak zarIra na milakara aneka jIvoM ko eka hI zarIra mile, use sAdhAraNa nAmakarma kahate haiN| sthira-asthira nAmakarma vartamAna meM sthira nAmakarma ke udaya se haDDI, dA~ta Adi sthira avayava prApta honA aura asthira nAmakarma ke udaya se jihvA, rakta-saMcaraNa Adi asthira avayava prApta honA mAnA jAtA hai, parantu aisA mAnane se prathama to antarAla gati meM audArika, vaikriya zarIra va inake avayava- aMgopAMga hote hI nahIM hai, vahA~ sthira-asthira kA udaya mAnane meM Apatti aayegii| vahA~ kevala taijasa aura kArmaNa zarIra kA udaya hai| ataH inake artha taijasa va kArmaNa zarIra se saMbaMdhita sthiratA-asthiratA se bhI hone caahie| dvitIya bAta yaha hai ki asthira nAma karma pApa prakRti hai, ata: isa artha ke anusAra asthira jihvA kI prApti va kriyA ko pApakArya kA udaya aura sthira dAMta kI prApti ko puNyakarma kA udaya mAnanA hogA jo bhUla hogI, kAraNa ki dAMta kI prApti ko puNya karma kA aura jIbha kI prApti ko pApakarma kA udaya mAnanA ucita nahIM hai| ataH zArIrika pudgaloM kA yathAvat rahanA 'sthira' aura unakA cyuta ho jAnA 'asthira' nAmakarma artha upayukta lagatA hai| athavA zarIra ke aMgopAMga va avayavoM kI jahA~ para jaisI banAvaTa hai usameM pudgaloM kA parivartana barAbara hote rahane para bhI usakI banAvaTa jyoM kI tyoM sthira rahanA tathA vAta, pitta, kapha Adi kA calAyamAna na honA, kupita na honA Adi sthira nAmakarma hai| yaha zarIra kI svasthatA kA dyotaka hai| ise hI sthira nAmakarma kahA jA sakatA hai| isI prakAra zarIra ke aMgopAMga va avayavoM kA calAyamAna honA, jaise aMDakoza kA utara jAnA, vAta, pitta, kapha kA kupita ho jAnA, nAka kI haDDI kA bar3ha jAnA, A~kha kI palaka meM bAla uga AnA Adi asthira nAmakarma hai| yaha zarIra kI asvasthatA kA dyotaka hai| ise hI asthira nAmakarma kahA jA sakatA hai| zubha-azubha nAmakarma vartamAna meM zubha nAmakarma ke udaya se nAbhi ke Upara ke avayava prazasta honA mAnA jAtA hai aura nAbhi ke nIce ke avayava aprazasta hone se unako azubha mAnA baMdha tattva [195]

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jAtA hai, parantu aisA mAnA jAya to bAdhA yaha AtI hai ki zubha aura azubha ina donoM nAmakarma kA udaya antarAla gati meM bhI hotA hai| vahA~ audArika zarIra nahIM hone se nAbhi hai hI nhiiN| dvitIya, saMsAra ke samasta jIvoM ke kisI bhI zarIra ke udaya rahate hue ina donoM kA yugapat dhruva udaya hai| ataH saMsAra ke sabhI jIvoM ke sadaiva nAbhi se Upara ke avayava prazasta aura nIce ke avayava aprazasta mAnane hoNge| phira samacaturastra saMsthAna jisameM sabhI aMga, nAbhi ke nIce ke aMga bhI prazasta hote haiM, taba azubha karma ke udaya ke abhAva kA prasaMga utpanna ho jaayegaa| jo ki karma siddhAnta ke anusAra ucita pratIta nahIM hotA hai| ataH zarIra meM iSTa (hitakArI), svAsthyaprada pudgaloM kA honA zubha nAma karma kA aura aniSTa (ahitakArI) asvAsthakArI pudgaloM kA honA arthAt vikAra yukta yA rogagrasta honA azubha nAmakarma kA udaya mAnanA ucita lagatA hai| athavA zubha- zarIra meM AhAra karane se naye padArthoM kA nirmANa hotA rahatA hai| unameM jo padArtha zarIra ke lie hitakara haiM ve zubha, aura jo ahitakara haiM ve azubha kahe jAte haiN| jaise proTIna va viTAmina kI utpatti zubha hai, aura kArbana-DAi-oNksAiDa Adi kI utpatti azubha hai| zubha zarIra kA nirmANa isa rUpa meM ho jisase sukha mile, udAharaNArtha dhruva pradezIya manuSyoM ke nathunoM ke chedoM kA saMkIrNa honA zubha hai, kyoMki aisA hone se adhika ThaMDI vAyu phephar3oM meM pahuMcakara hAni na pahu~cA sakatI hai| azubha- zarIra kA nirmANa isa prakAra honA ki jisase duHkha mile use azubha nAmakarma kahA jAtA hai| jaise dhruva pradezIya manuSyoM ke nathUnoM ke chedoM kA caur3A va bar3A honA, va sira para kama bAloM kA honA aadi| susvara-duHsvara pracalita artha ke anusAra jisake udaya se jIva kA svara zrotA meM prIti utpanna kare vaha susvara aura jo svara zrotA meM aprIti utpanna kare vaha duHsvara mAnA jAtA hai| parantu aisA mAnane para prazna utpanna hotA hai ki eka hI vyakti kA eka hI pakSI kA yA eka hI pazu kA svara kitane hI zrotAoM ko priya lagatA hai aura kitane hI zrotAoM ko apriya lagatA hai tathA vItarAga kevalI kI vANI bhavya jIvoM ko priya aura abhavya va virodhI jIvoM ko apriya lagatI hai| isa prakAra zrotAoM ko prItikaraaprItikara lagane ke AdhAra para susvara aura duHsvara mAnA jAya to ekahI svara ko [196] jainatattva sAra

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susvara aura duHsvara donoM mAnanA hogA jo karma siddhAnta ke viparIta hai, kyoMki vahA~ kisI jIva ke donoM svaroM kA udaya yugapat honA nahIM mAnA hai| jaba duHsvara kA udaya ho taba usakI vANI sabhI ko aprItikara laganI cAhie, parantu aisA nahIM hotA hai| ataH susvara-duHsvara ke udaya kA sambandha svayaM vyakti ko madhura va karkaza svara lagane se hai| dUsaroM ko priya aura apriya svara lagane se nahIM ho sktaa| athavA susvara- jisa karma ke udaya se komala aura suMdara kaMTha mile, bolane kI, apane bhAvoM ko spaSTa pradarzita karane kI kSamatA prApta ho, svara meM miThAsa ho, vaha susvara prakRti hai| jIva meM prakaTa hone se yaha jIva vipAkI prakRti hai| eka anya lakSaNa ke anusAra jisa svara se svayaM jIva ko AghAta na pahu~ce vaha susvara prakRti hai| duHsvara- jisa karma ke udaya se kaThora aura karkaza kaMTha (vANI) mile, jisake udaya se apane bhAvoM ko spaSTa karane kI kSamatA prApta na ho, vaha duHsvara prakRti hai| isakA prabhAva jIva para hotA hai| ataH yaha bhI jIva vipAkI prakRti hai| subhaga-durbhaga, Adeya-anAdeya, yazakIrti-ayazakIrti nAmakarma vartamAna meM subhaga nAmakarma kA pracalita artha hai jo sabake mana ko priya lage vaha subhaga hai aura apriya lage vaha durbhaga nAma karma hai| isI prakAra Adeya nAma karma ke udaya kA artha- jisake vacana bahumAnya hoM, jisakA Adara dUsare vyakti kareM yaha mAnA jAtA hai aura anAdeya ke udaya kA artha isake viparIta mAnA jAtA hai| yazakIrti ke udaya se duniyA meM yazakIrti prApta ho aura ayazakIrti ke udaya se duniyA meM apayaza mile yaha mAnA jAtA hai| parantu durbhaga, anAdeya aura ayazakIrti ke udaya se dUsaroM ko apriya laganA, dUsaroM ke dvArA vacana mAnya na honA athavA anAdara honA aura dUsaroM ke dvArA apayaza karanA mAnA jAya to vratI zrAvaka, sAdhu evaM vItarAga ke prati bhI aisA vyavahAra dekhA jAtA hai| ataH isa prakAra vratadhArI zrAvaka, sAdhu evaM vItarAga bhI subhaga, Adeya evaM yazakIrti vAlA ho hI nahIM sakatA, kyoMki gozAlaka ko bhagavAna mahAvIra ke vacana, yajJa karane vAle brAhmaNoM ko zrI harikezI muni ke vacana apriya lge| inhoMne inake vacana ko amAnya kiyA, ghora anAdara kiyA aura avarNavAda kiyaa| isase mahAvIra bhagavAna va harikezI muni ke anAdeya va ayazakIrti kA udaya mAnanA asaMgata lagatA hai| isake sthAna para subhaga kA artha baMdha tattva [197]

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zubha manobhAva, durbhaga kA artha- azubha manobhAva, Adeya kA artha- zubha AcaraNa, anAdeya kA artha- azubha AcaraNa, yazakIrti kA artha- udAra pravRtti, aura ayazakIrti kA artha kRpaNa pravRtti lenA adhika upayukta lagatA hai| athavA sAmAnya kevalI, mUka kevalI, asoccA kevalI, tIrthaMkara kevalI ke sabhI puNya prakRtiyoM kA jinameM Adeya, yazakIrti, devagati Adi prakRtiyoM kA niyama se utkRSTa anubhAga hotA hai| inake ina prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga meM koI antara nahIM hotA hai| aisI sthiti meM yadi yazakIrti kA artha dUsaroM ke dvArA prazaMsA karanA mAnA jAye tathA Adeya kA artha dUsaroM ke dvArA Adara karanA mAnA jAye to yaha artha upayukta nahIM ho sakatA hai| kyoMki kevalI ke ina sabakA udaya nirantara rahatA hai, parantu nirantara inakI koI prazaMsA nahIM karatA hai| nirvANa ke bAda bhI inakI prazaMsA vaise hI hotI rahatI hai jaise pahale hotI thI, to kyA aba bhI unake yazakIrti karma kA udaya hai? unake vidyamAna rahate bhI koI yazagAna karatA thA to koI niMdA-burAI evaM apayaza-kIrti bhI karatA thaa| jabaki yaha niyama hai ki yazakIrti aura ayazakIrti kA udaya eka sAtha kabhI nahIM hotA hai| yadi saMsAra ke vyaktiyoM ke dvArA prazaMsA karane ko yazakIrti evaM Adara dene ko Adeya mAnA jAya to sAMsArika vyakti to jisake pAsa jitanI bhoga kI sAmagrI arthAt parigraha adhika hai, jise jitane adhika bhoga prApta haiM jo jitanA bar3A bhogI hai usakI utanI hI adhika prazaMsA yA yazogAna karate haiM, use utanA hI adhika Adara dete haiN| sAre itihAsa graMtha isake pramANa haiN| itihAsa meM unhIM rAjA-mahArAjAoM, samrAToM, bAdazAhoM kI mahimA hai, yazogAna hai, jinhoMne yuddha ke rUpa meM apane krUratApUrNa AtatAyI kAryoM se AkramaNa kara lAkhoM niraparAdha logoM kI hatyA kI, unako lUTA, gulAma banAyA, gAjara-mUlI kI taraha becaa| aise ghora hatyAroM, luTeroM, DAkU, atyanta krUra, rAkSasI, jaghanya pApa vRtti vAloM kI mahimA evaM yazogAna se itihAsa bharA par3A hai aura jo ina jaghanya-nIca, adhama, pApa kAryoM meM asaphala ho gayA use ayogya va hIna mAnA gayA hai, unakA anAdara kiyA gayA hai| saphala pApI kA Adara karanA, yazogAna karanA Aja taka sAMsArika logoM kA kArya rahA hai| mithyAtvI logoM kA kArya satya ke viparIta hotA hai| unheM bhogI yA pApI aura bhoga va pApa hI prazaMsanIya lagate haiM, AdaraNIya lagate haiN| unake dvArA kI gaI prazaMsA, mahimA, Adara-satkAra-kArya sacamuca vAstavika prazaMsA evaM Adara nahIM hai| [198] jainatattva sAra

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karmasiddhAntAnusAra vratI zrAvakoM, samasta sAdhuoM evaM tIrthaMkaroM ke durbhaga nAma, anAdeya nAma aura ayazakIrti kA udaya kadApi nahIM hotA hai| jabaki dUsaroM ke dvArA inakA apamAna, anAdara, tiraskAra, niMdA, apayaza karate pratyakSa dekhA jAtA hai / uttarAdhyayana ke 12veM adhyayana meM harikezI muni kA ghora apamAna, anAdara, apayaza, niMdA, tiraskAra kiyA gayA hai| anya tIrthiyoM ke dvArA bhagavAna mahAvIra kA anAdara, tiraskAra kiyA gayA hai, niMdA kI gaI hai / ataH Ama logoM kI prazaMsA - aprazaMsA se, yazakIrti - apayazakIrti se evaM Adara - anAdara se Adeya - anAdeya se isa karma kI prakRtiyoM ke baMdha va udaya kA koI sambandha nahIM hai| Azaya yaha hai ki subhaga-durbhaga, Adeya - anAdeya, yazakIrti-ayazakIrti ye saba prakRtiyA~ jIva vipAkI haiN| ataH ye jIva ke svayaM ke bhAvoM se tathA jIva kI zubha - azubha pravRtti se saMbaMdhita haiM / jIva ke kAmanA, mamatA, viSaya, kaSAya Adi doSoM meM vRddhi se, durAcaraNa se hone vAlI aprasannatA, khinnatA, durbhaganAma karma akarttavya meM vRddhi honA anAdeya, svArthaparatA meM vRddhi honA anudAratA, saMkIrNatA, ayazakIrti nAma karma kA udaya hai / sadAcaraNa - sadAcAra se hone vAlI prasannatA yA pramoda, subhaga nAma karma kA udaya hai / karttavya parAyaNatA AdeyanAmakarma kA aura udAratA yazakIrti nAma karma kA udaya hai| aisA mAnA jAnA adhika ucita lagatA hai| subhaga- durbhaga, Adeya- anAdeya evaM yazakIrtti - ayazakIrtti kA anya Azaya sabhI jIvoM ko saubhAgya, Adara aura yazakIrtti pasaMda hai| saubhAgya kI prApti kA artha hai utkRSTa bhogoM kI prApti / viSaya- sukhoM ke bhoga utkRSTa nahIM ho skte| kyoMki ye rAga-dveSa Adi vikAroM se yukta hone se AkulatAmaya hote haiN| para padArthoM para Azrita hone se parAdhInatA yukta hote haiM / kSaNika hone se nazvara haiM / bahirmukha karane vAle hone se jar3atA (mUrcchA) yukta hote haiM / ataH jo sukha AkulatA, parAdhInatA, nazvaratA, jar3atA Adi duHkhoM se yukta hai usa sukha kA bhoga nikRSTa bhoga hai / vaha durbhaga hai, subhaga (saubhAgya) nahIM hai| isake viparIta kAmanA, mamatA, ahaMkAra Adi doSoM ke ghaTane se, kSayopazama se milane vAlI zAnti, svAdhInatA, prasannatA, pramoda ke sukhoM meM AkulatA, parAdhInatA, jar3atA Adi doSa nahIM haiM, ataH ina sukhoM kA bhoga zreyaskara hai, zreSTha bhoga hai, subhaga hai, saubhAgya hai / kAmanA rahita hone se abhAva kA abhAva hotA hai / abhAva kA na rahanA aizvarya hai, saMpannatA hai / jo saMpanna hai vahI saubhAgyazAlI hai / baMdha tattva [199]

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jo svArthaparatA ko tyAgakara dUsaroM kA ahita karane se apane ko bacAtA hai vaha hI Adara ke yogya hai, Adeya hai aura jo udAratA pUrvaka dUsaroM ke hita meM, sevA meM tatpara hotA hai vaha hI prazaMsA kA, yazakIrti kA pAtra hotA hai| isake viparIta jo svArthI evaM dUsaroM kA ahita karane vAlA hotA hai vaha anAdara kA, anAdeya kA pAtra hotA hai aura jo anudAra evaM dUsaroM kA zoSaNa karane vAlA hotA hai| vaha ayazakIrti kA pAtra hotA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki jo viSaya-bhogoM ke sukha meM Abaddha hai, svArthI hai, anudAra hai vaha durbhaga, anAdeya aura ayazakIrti kA pAtra hai tathA jo viSaya-bhoga ke sukha ko ghaTAtA hai, tyAgatA hai, hiMsA Adi doSoM se apane ko bacAtA hai, zrAvaka va sAdhu hai, usake kabhI bhI durbhaga, anAdeya aura ayazakIrti kA udaya nahIM hotA hai| sacce zrAvaka evaM sAdhu ke sadaiva subhaga, Adeya evaM yazakIrti kA udaya rahatA hai| bhale hI inake pAsa dhana-saMpatti, viSaya sukhoM kI bhoga-sAmagrI va suvidhA kucha nahIM ho tathA inakA koI anAdara tathA niMdA kara rahA ho| kyoMki ye prakRttiyA~ jIva vipAkI haiN| itaH inakA sambandha jIva ke bhAvoM se evaM AcaraNa se hai| bAhya bhoga-sAmagrI nyUna honA durbhaga tathA adhika honA subhaga nahIM hai| dUsaroM ke dvArA Adara diyA jAnA aura anAdara kiyA jAnA, anAdeya nahIM hai tathA dUsaroM ke dvArA prazaMsA, yazakIrti aura niMdA kiyA jAnA ayazakIrti nahIM hai| subhaga, Adeya tathA yazakIrti ye puNya prakRtiyA~ haiN| ataH AtmA ke pavitra bhAvoM va pavitra AcaraNa se inakA sambandha hai| isI prakAra durbhaga, anAdeya tathA ayazakIrti pApa pravRttiyA~ haiM, ataH AtmA ke apavitra-dUSita bhAvoM evaM durAcaraNa se inakA sambandha hai| _ vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie lekhaka kI pUrva prakAzita pustaka 'bandha tattva' ke nAma karma adhyAya meM nimnAMkita prakaraNa paThanIya hai- nAmakarma kA visrasAbhAva (pAriNAmika bhAva); nAmakarma ke baMdha hetu; nAmakarma kI vibhinna prakRtiyA~; gati nAmakarma; jAti nAmakarma evaM indriyoM kA vikaas| gotra karma jainAgama meM gotrakarma ke viSaya meM kahA haigoe NaM bhaMte! kamme kaivihe paNNatte? goyamA! duvihe paNNatte, taMjahA- uccagoe ya nIyAgoe va // -pannavaNA pada 23, udde.2 [200] jainatattva sAra

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bhagavan! gotra karma kitane prakAra kA kahA gayA hai? gautama! gotra karma do prakAra kA hai- ucca gotra aura nIca gotr| sAmAnyataH uttama kula meM janma lenA ucca gotra aura lokaniMdya kula meM janma lenA nIca gotra mAnA jAtA hai| parantu kaunasA kula ucca hai aura kaunasA kula nIcA hai, isakA koI nizcita mAnadaNDa nahIM hai| kAla aura kSetra ke anusAra mAnadaMDa meM parivartana hotA rahatA hai| varNa-vyavasthA meM kSatriya, brAhmaNa, vaizya Adi kaloM ko ucca gotra mAnA gayA hai, parantu ina vaMzoM meM bhI lokaniMdya puruSoM ne janma liyA hai aura cAMDAla, camAra, raigara Adi kuloM ko nIca gotra mAnA gayA hai, parantu ina vaMzoM meM bhI mahAtmA, sAdhu-santoM, mahApuruSoM ne janma liyA hai tathA sAdhu sadaiva ucca gotra vAlA hI hotA hai, nIca gotra vAlA nahIM hotA hai| ata: jAti, vaMza evaM varNa-vyavasthA ke AdhAra para ucca tathA nIca gotra nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| ucca AcaraNa ko ucca gotra aura nIce AcaraNa ko nIca gotra mAnanA hI adhika upayukta hai| saMtANakameNAgayajIvAyaraNassa godamidi snnnnaa| uccaM NIcaM caraNaM uccaM NIcaM have godN|| -gommaTasAra karmakAMDa, gAthA 13 arthAt saMtAna krama se calA AyA jo jIva kA AcaraNa hai, usakI gautra saMjJA hai| jIva kA U~cA AcaraNa ucca gotra hai aura nIcA AcaraNa nIca gotra hai| yahA~ U~ce AcaraNa se Azaya ahiMsA, dayA, ziSTatA, mRdutA, saralatA, sajjanatA, sahRdayatA Adi sadguNayukta sadpravRtti se hai aura nIca AcaraNa se Azaya aziSTatA, nirdayatA, krUratA, hiMsA, Adi durguNayukta durvyavahAra se hai| jaisAki gommaTasAra karmakANDa meM kahA haiNa vi muMDieNa samaNo, Na oMkAreNa bNbhnno| Na muNI raNNavAseNaM , kusacIreNa Na taavso|| samayAe samaNo hoi, baMbhacereNa bNbhnno| NANeNa ya muNI hoi, taveNa hoi taavso|| kammuNA baMbhaNo hoi, kammuNA hoi khttio| vaisso kammaNAA hoI, suddo havaI kammuNA // 33 // -uttarAdhyayana 25.31-33 baMdha tattva [ 201]

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arthAt mastaka muMDAne se koI zramaNa nahIM hotA hai, oMkAra kA uccAraNa karane se koI brAhmaNa nahIM hotA hai, vana meM nivAsa karane se koI muni nahIM ho jAtA hai, evaM kuza se bane cIvara (vastra) ke dhAraNa karane se koI tApasa nahIM ho jAtA hai // 31 // apitu samatA bhAva dhAraNa karane se zramaNa hotA hai, brahmacarya kA pAlana karane se brAhmaNa hotA hai, jJAna se muni hotA hai aura tapa karane se tapasvI hotA hai // 32 // tathA karma se brAhmaNa hotA hai, karma se kSatriya hotA hai, karma se vaizya hotA hai aura karma se zUdra hotA hai, kisI vaMza meM janma lene mAtra se nahIM // 33 // Azaya yaha hai ki guNoM se evaM sadAcaraNa se hI vyakti jAtivAn, kulavAn, balavAn, rUpavAn evaM aizvarya saMpanna hotA hai / bAhya vezabhUSA evaM padArthoM kI prApti se nahIM hotA hai| ucca AcaraNa vAlA ucca gotrIya aura adhama AcaraNa vAlA nIca gotrIya hotA hai| gotrakarma jAtigata nahIM zramaNasaMgha ke AcArya zrI devendramuni jI ne ucca AcaraNa vAle ko ucca gotrIya aura adhama AcaraNa karane vAle ko nIca gotrIya kahA hai, yathA- "sadAcAriyoM yA kadAcAriyoM kI paramparA meM janma lene, vaisA vAtAvaraNa milane athavA svIkAra karane kA kAraNabhUta karma gotra karma hai| jaina karmavijJAna jJAtikRta (kauma yA varNakRta yA AjIvikAkRta) ucca nIca bheda ko nahIM maantaa| ye bheda guNakRta yA AcaraNakRta mAne jAte haiN| jo acche AcAra-vicAra evaM saMskAra vAle kula yA vaMza kI paramparA meM janma lete haiM, ziSTa AcAra-vicAra ko dharmayukta susaMskRti kA svIkAra karake calate haiM, aise manuSyoM kI saMgati ko jIvana kA uccatama karttavya samajhate haiM aura jIvana ke saMzodhana evaM susaMskaraNa meM sahAyaka AcAra-vicAra kA svIkAra evaM kriyAnvayana karate haiM, ve uccagotrI kahalAte haiM aura jo isake viruddha AcAra vAle hote haiM ve nIca gotrI ho jAte haiN| nIca gotrI apane jIvana meM azubha AcAra-vicArasaMskAra kA tyAga karake ucca golI ho sakate haiM / aise vyakti gRhastha zrAvaka dharma tathA munidharma ke pAlana ke adhikArI ho jAte haiM / " * karma vijJAna, bhAga 2, pR. 348 ucca-nIca gotra karma ke isI tathya kA pratipAdana karate hue divAkara muni zrI cauthamala jI mahArAja 'nirgrantha- - pravacana bhASya' meM pharamAte haiM [202] jainatattva sAra

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jAyarUvaM jahA maheM, niddhtmlpaavgN| rAgadosabhayAtItaM, taM vayaM bUma maahnnN|| - uttarAdhyayana sUtra, 25.21 arthAt agni meM tapA huA aura kasauTI para kasA huA suvarNa guNayukta hotA hai, usI prakAra rAga, dveSa aura bhaya se atIta puruSa ko hama brAhmaNa kahate haiN| uttarAdhyayana sUtra kI isa gAthA meM tathA isake Age kI gAthAoM meM sUtrakAra ne brAhmaNa kA saccA svarUpa darzAyA hai| gotrakarma aura agurulaghuguNa tana, dhana Adi kA ahaMkAra yA ahaMbhAva prANI ko bhogI va svArthI banAtA hai| bhoga se pazu prakRti evaM svArthaparatA se AsurI, nArakIya prakRti puSTa hotI hai| ye donoM prakRtiyAM nIca gotra kI dyotaka haiN| dUsare zabdoM meM yU~ kaha sakate haiM ki ahaMbhAva se nIca gotra kA baMdha hotA hai| isake viparIta nirabhimAnatA tathA vinamratA vyakti ko tyAgI tathA sevAbhAvI banAtI hai, jisase mAnavI va devI prakRtiyA~ puSTa hotI haiN| mAnavI prakRti tathA devI prakRti ucca gotra kI dyotaka hai| ataH nirabhimAnatA se ucca gotra kA baMdha hotA hai| saMkSepa meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki mada yA abhimAna nIca gotra kA evaM nirabhimAnatA, mRdutA Adi ucca gotra ke baMdha-hetu haiN| abhimAna sadaiva arjita dhana, vidyA, bala, yogyatA Adi kA hotA hai| arjita sAmagrI anitya yA vinAzI hotI hai| usakA viyoga avazyaMbhAvI hai| jo sadA sAtha na de vaha 'para' hai| para ke saMgraha ke AdhAra para apanA mUlyAMkana kara garva karanA, usase apanA gaurava mAnanA prathama to para ko mUlya va mahattva pradAna karanA hai sAtha hI svayaM kA mUlya ghaTAnA va khonA hai| apane ko daridra va hIna banAnA hai| dvitIya, koI kitanA bhI arjita kare, jagat meM usase asaMkhyAta gunA anarjita par3A rahatA hai| jisakA usake jIvana meM abhAva hai, kamI hai, usase vaha hIna hai| ataH para ke saMgraha yA arjana ke AdhAra para garva karane vAle, gauravazAlI samajhane vAle abhimAnI vyakti ko hInatA-laghutA (choTepana) kA anubhava hotA hI hai, yaha prAkRtika vidhAna hai| apane meM hInatA yA laghutA kA anubhava honA hI nIca gotra hai| isake viparIta jo nirabhimAnI hai vaha tana, dhana, jana, bala, vidyA, buddhi Adi para evaM vinAzI kI prApti-aprApti ke AdhAra para apanA mUlyAMkana nahIM karatA hai, baMdha tattva [203]

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apane ko mahAn, saMpanna va bar3A nahIM mAnatA hai, use hInatA yA vipannatA, laghutA va abhAva kA anubhava nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki usake tRSNA nahIM hotI hai / jahA~ hInatA, vipannatA, laghutA va abhAva nahIM hai, sacce arthoM meM vahA~ hI mahAnatA, saMpannatA, pUrNatA hai, vahI ucca golI hai / yaha niyama hai ki jise gurutA va bar3appana kA anubhava nahIM hotA hai, use laghutA - hInatA kA bhI anubhava nahIM hotA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki pUrNa nirabhimAnI hone para ucca gotra kI carama utkRSTa avasthA para pahu~cakara mukta avasthA meM gotra karma se atIta hone para, siddhoM meM aguru- laghu guNa sadA ke lie prakaTa ho jAtA hai / agurulahu attaM NAma savvajIvANaM pAriNAmiyamatthi siddhesu khINasukammesu vi tassuvalaMbhA // -dhavalA pustaka 6.1.9.278 pR.113 agurulaghu nAmaka guNa sarva jIvoM meM pAriNAmika hai, kyoMki zeSa karmoM se rahita siddhoM meM bhI usakA sadbhAva pAyA jAtA hai| agurulaghu jIva kA svAbhAvika guNa hai | svabhAva hone se pAriNAmika bhAva hai / gotra karma ke kSaya se agurulaghu guNa prakaTa hotA hai / ataH gotra karma gurutvalaghutva bhAva kA sUcaka hai arthAt apane ko choTA-bar3A mAnanA, dIna-hIna mAnanA gotra karma hai jo saMtati-krama se satata pravAhamAna hai| svAbhAvika guNoM ke AdhAra para saba jIva samAna haiN| jJAna, darzana Adi svAbhAvika guNoM meM kisI jIva meM antara nahIM hai / antara ina guNoM ke prakaTIkaraNa meM hai| ataH prANI apane doSoM kA tyAga karane kA puruSArtha kara jisa kSaNa cAhe usI kSaNa ina guNoM ko prakaTa kara sakatA hai| usa zuddha nirmala svabhAva meM gurutva - laghutva kA bhAva nahIM hotA hai, agurulaghutva avasthA rahatI hai / jitanI - jitanI nIca gola karma kI kamI yA kSaya hotA jAtA hai, mada-mAna galatA jAtA hai, utanA - utanA vyaktitva kA moha tathA gurutva - laghutva (choTe-bar3e kA bhAva ) ghaTatA jAtA hai aura mukta hone para aguru-laghu avasthA prakaTa ho jAtI hai arthAt mukta jIva ke gurutvalaghutva kA anubhava nahIM rahatA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki apane ko jAti, kula, bala, tapa, zruta (jJAna) Adi meM utkRSTa zreSTha yA viziSTa mAnanA aura dUsaroM ko nikRSTa, hIna va nIcA mAnanA viziSTatA nahIM aziSTatA hai| isake viparIta apane ko ayogya, asamartha, nikRSTa evaM hIna [204] jaitattva sA

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mAnanA vinamratA nahIM dInatA hai, hInabhAva hai / mahAnatA hai apane meM abhAva kA anubhava na honA, svabhAva meM sthita rahanA aura vinamratA hai nirabhimAna honA / ataH jo apane ko na to viziSTa, utkRSTa yA mahAn mAnatA hai aura na hI nikRSTa evaM dIna mAnatA hai, vaha ucca gotrIya hai| ahaMbhAva - hInabhAva evaM ucca-nIca bhAva se rahita hokara samabhAva meM rahanA ucca gola hai / gurutva (bar3appana) aura laghutva (dInatva) adhyavasAya kA na rahanA hI zuddhAtmA kA aguru-laghu guNa hai| gotrakarma : jIvavipAkI gotrakarma pudgalavipAkI, bhavavipAkI, kSetravipAkI nahIM hai, jIvavipAkI hai| pudgala vipAkI na hone se isakA sambandha sundara, asundara zarIra se nahI hai, bhava vipAkI na hone se isakA sambandha kisane kahA~ janma liyA, kisa vyakti, ghara, jAti meM janma liyA, isase nahIM hai / kSetra vipAkI na hone se kisa kSetra meM janma liyA, Arya-anArya kisa deza meM janma liyA, isase nahIM hai / jIva vipAkI hone se jIva ke bhAvoM se saMbaMdhita hai / vartamAna meM gotra karma ko jAti- kula se jor3a diyA gayA hai| yaha karma-siddhAnta evaM Agama sammata nahIM hai / kAraNa ki brAhmaNa, kSatriya Adi jAtiyAM, sUryavaMza, caMdravaMza, sisodiyA Adi kula mAnava nirmita haiM, kRtrima haiM, vinAzI haiN| ataH koI bhI jAti va kula na U~cA hai aura na nIcA / na koI achUta hai, na aspRzya hai| ataH jAti kula ke AdhAra para gotra mAnanA gotra karma nahIM hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki gotra karma kA sambandha apane ko dIna - mahAn samajhane rUpa bhAvoM se hai, jAti, kula Adi se nahIM hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki gota karma ke kSaya se U~ca-nIca bhAva kA kSaya hotA hai / -dhavalA pustaka 13 vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie lekhaka kI pUrva prakAzita pustaka 'bandha tattva' ke gotra karma adhyAya meM nimnAMkita prakaraNa paThanIya hai- gotra karma jAtigata nahIM; gotrakarma ke baMdha hetu; hInatA - dInatA aura gotra karma; mada-tyAga se ucca gola; gotra karma aura svAdhInatA - parAdhInatA; gotrakarma kA sambandha bAhya padArthoM se nhiiN| antarAya karma vighna utpanna honA antarAya karma hai| dhavala pustaka 13 pR. 389 - " antarameti gacchatItyantarAyaH" jo antara AtA hai vaha antarAya hai arthAt antarAla hI antarAya hai| sarvArthasiddhi meM kahA hai baMdha tattva [205]

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"yadudayAdAtukAmo'pi na prayacchati, labdhukAmo'pi na labhate, bhoktumicchannapi na bhuGkte, upabhoktumabhivAchannapi nopabhuGkte, utsahitukAmo'pi notshte|" -tattvArtha sUtra a. 8, sUtra 4 para savArthasiddhi TIkA jisake udaya se dene kI icchA karatA huA bhI nahIM detA hai, prApta karane kI kAmanA karate hue bhI prApta nahIM karatA hai, bhoga-upabhoga kI vAMchA karatA huA bhI bhoga-upabhoga nahIM kara pAtA hai aura utsAhita hone kI kAmanA rakhatA huA bhI utsAhita nahIM hotA hai vaha antarAya hai| arthAt mohanIya karma ke udaya se kisI kAmanA kA utpanna honA aura usa kAmanA kI pUrti na hone se abhAva kA anubhava honA hI antarAya hai| bhagavatI sUtra meM kahA haiantarAie NaM bhaMte! kamme kai parIsahA samoyarati? goyamA! ege alAbhaparIsahe smoyrti|| --bhagavatI sUtra zataka 8 uddezaka 8 prazna- he bhagavan! antarAya karma se kitane parISahoM kA samavatAra hotA hai? uttara- he gautama! eka alAbha parISaha hotA hai| antarAya karma ke bheda evaM baMdha hetu antarAya karma ke dAnAntarAya, lAbhAntarAya, bhogAntarAya, upabhogAntarAya evaM vIryAntarAya ye pA~ca bheda haiN| ina pA~coM kA udaya bArahaveM guNasthAna taka rahatA hai| ataH antarAya karma ke pA~ca parISaha hone caahie| parantu eka hI parISaha kahA hai, jo upayukta hI hai| kAraNa ki dAna, bhoga, upabhoga Adi kI icchA kA honA, parantu unakI pUrti-upalabdhi na honA alAbha hai| yahA~ 'alAbha' zabda antardIpaka hai jo pAMcoM antarAyoM ke lie lAgU hotA hai| isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki alAbha yA abhAva hI antarAya karma ke udaya kA sUcaka hai| dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga evaM vIrya jIva kI svAbhAvika upalabdhiyA~ evaM guNa haiN| inakI pUrNatA meM vighna honA athavA inakA alAbha honA hI antarAya karma hai| dAna guNa udAratA kA, lAbha guNa nirlobhatA se prApta abhAvarahitatA kA, bhoga guNa svAdhInatA ke akhaNDa sukha kI upalabdhi kA, upabhoga guNa svAbhAvika AtmIyatA [ 206] jainatattva sAra

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evaM nitanUtana ananta sukha ke upabhoga kI upalabdhi kA tathA vIrya guNa AtmasAmarthya kI prApti kA sUcaka hai| ina samasta svAbhAvika guNoM meM bAdhA utpanna honA antarAya karma hai| dAnAdi guNoM meM bAdhA utpanna honA antarAya hai, tathA yaha bAdhA jisa karma se utpanna hotI hai vaha antarAya karma hai| antarAya karma ke pA~ca bheda haiM- dAnAntarAya, lAbhAntarAya, bhogAntarAya, upabhogAntarAya tathA viiryaantraay| svArthaparatA se dAnAntarAya kA, kAmanA se lAbhAntarAya kA, mamatA se bhogAntarAya kA, Asakti-ahaMbhAva se upabhogAntarAya kA aura kartRtva bhAva se vIryAntarAya kA Asrava sarvabaMdha hotA hai| bhagavatI sUtra meM antarAya karma ke baMdha kA nirUpaNa karate hue kahA hai goyamA! dANaMtarAeNaM lAbhaMtarAeNaM bhogatarAeNaM uvabhogaMtarAeNaM vIriyaMtarAeNaM antarAiyakammAsarIrappayoganAmae kammassa udaeNaM antraaiykmmaasriirppogbNdhe| -bhagavatI sUtra, zataka 8, uddezaka sUtra 111 arthAt dAnAntarAya, lAbhAntarAya, bhogAntarAya, upabhogAntarAya evaM vIryAntarAya se antarAya karma kA upArjana hotA hai| tattvArtha sUtra meM vighna utpanna karane ko antarAya karma kA baMdha hetu kahA hai vijkrnnaamntraaysy| -tattvArthasUtra, 6.27 ina vighnoM kA ullekha Upara svArthaparatA, kAmanA, mamatA, Asakti evaM kartRtvabhAva ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ para dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga evaM vIrya kA samyak svarUpa samajhane se hI jJAta ho sakegA ki ye kisa prakAra kevalI kI ulabdhiyA~ ataH inake antarAya evaM ina upalabdhiyoM para saMkSepa meM prakAza DAlA jA rahA hai vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie lekhaka kI pUrva prakAzita pastaka 'bandha tattva' ke antarAya karma adhyAya meM nimnAMkita prakaraNa paThanIya hai- antarAya karma ke bheda evaM baMdha hetu; dAnAntarAya evaM anantadAna; lAbhAntarAya evaM anantadAna (audArya); bhogAntarAya evaM anantabhoga (saundarya); upabhogAntarAya evaM anantabhoga (mAdhurya); vIryAntarAya evaM anantavIrya (sAmarthya); antarAya karma : eka samagra vizleSaNa; mohanIya karma aura antarAya karma meM pArasparika sambandha; ghAtI karmoM kA pArasparika sambandha evaM antarAya karma; AvaraNIya karma evaM antarAya karma meM antr| baMdha tattva [207]

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bandha tattva' pustaka meM prakAzita DaoN0 zrI sAgaramalajI dvArA likhita bhUmikA kA aMza zrutajJAna ke sambandha meM eka navIna cintana prastuta kRti baMdha tattva meM zrutajJAna kA artha bhI paramparAgata mAnyatA se bhinnarUpa meM kiyA gayA hai, paramparAgata dRSTi se zrutajJAna AgamajJAna yA bhASikajJAna hai / kintu lekhaka lor3hA kA kathana isase bhinna hai / AdhyAtmikadRSTi se matijJAna paravastu kA jJAna yA padArtha - jJAna hai, kyoMki vaha indriyAdhIna hai, usake viSaya varNa, gaMdha, rasa, sparza Adi haiM, punaH mana kI apekSA se bhI vaha bauddhikajJAna hai, vicArajanya hai ataH bhedarUpa hai| kintu zrutajJAna ko indriya yA buddhi kI apekSA nahIM hai, vaha zAzvata satyoM kA bodha hai| ve likhate haiM ki zrutajJAna indriya, mana, buddhi kI apekSA se rahita svataH hone vAlA nija kA jJAna hai arthAt sva svabhAva kA jJAna hai| zrutajJAna svAdhyAya rUpa hai aura svAdhyAya kA eka artha hai sva kA adhyayana yA svAnubhUti / yadi zrutajJAna kA artha Agama yA zAstrajJAna leM, to bhI vaha heya, jJeya yA upAdeya kA bodha hai| isa prakAra vaha viveka jJAna hai| viveka anta:sphUrta hai| vaha ucita - anucita kA sahaja bodha hai| niSkarSa yaha hai ki matijJAna parAdhIna hai jabaki zrutajJAna svAdhIna hai| isa prakAra lekhaka jI ne Agamika AdhAroM ko mAnya karake bhI eka navIna dRSTi se vyAkhyA kI hai| kyA kevala jJAna nirvikalpa hai? prastuta kRti meM lekhaka ne eka yaha prazna upasthita kiyA hai ki kevalajJAna kI prApti hone para vicAra vikalpa rahate haiM yA nahIM rahate haiM / sAmAnya dRSTikoNa yaha hai ki kevalajJAna kI avasthA nirvicAra aura nirvikalpa kI avasthA hai, kintu jaina karmasiddhAnta kI dRSTi se yaha prazna upasthita hotA hai ki kevalI meM jJAnopayoga aura darzanApayoga donoM hI hote haiM / darzanopayoga ko nirvikalpa yA anAkAra tathA jJAnopayoga ko savikalpa yA sAkAra mAnA gayA hai / punaH kevalI bhI jaba caudahaveM guNasthAna meM zukla dhyAna ke caturthapAda para ArUr3ha hote haiM taba hI ve nirvicAra avasthA ko prApta hote haiN| isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki kevalajJAna kI avasthA meM vicAra to rahatA hai, kyoMki kevalajJAnI jaba taka sayoga avasthA meM rahatA hai taba taka usakI mana, vacana aura kAyA kI pravRti hotI hai / usameM manoyoga kA abhAva nahIM hai, mana kI pravRtti hai, ataH vicAra hai| yadi kevalI nirvicAra yA nirvikalpa hotA to phira use ayogI [ 208 ] jaitattva sA

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kevalI avasthA meM pahale sthUla mana aura phira sUkSma mana ke nirodha kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM rahatI / mana kI pravRttiyoM kA nirodha yadi ayogI kevalI avasthA meM hI hotA hai to phira sayogI kevalI avasthA meM mana kyA kArya karatA hai? kyoMki nirvikalpatA kI avasthA meM to mana ke lie koI kArya hI zeSa nahIM rahatA hai / yadi aisA mAneM ki kevalI meM bhAva mana nahIM rahatA hai, mAtra dravya mana rahatA hai, kintu dravyamana bhI binA bhAva mana ke nahIM raha sakatA / bhAva mana ke abhAva meM dravya mana to mAtra eka paudgalika saMracanA hogA, jo jar3a hogA aura jar3a meM vicAra sAmarthya saMbhava nahIM hai aura vicAra ke binA manoyoga ke nirodha kA bhI koI artha nahIM raha jAtA hai / merI dRSTi meM isa saMdarbha meM lekhaka kA yaha maMtavya ucita hI lagatA hai ki vastutaH vicAra yA vikalpa do prakAra ke hote haiM - eka kAmanA rUpa vicAra aura dUsarA nirvikAra yA niSkAma vicaar| niSkAma vicAra meM mAtra kartavya buddhi hotI hai / kevalI meM kAmanArUpa yA jijJAsA rUpa vikalpa nahIM hote, kintu viveka rUpa vikalpa to hote haiN| vaha bhI dravya ko dravya ke rUpa meM, guNa ko guNa ke rUpa meM aura paryAya ko paryAya ke rUpa meM jAnatA hai aura aisA jJAna vikalparUpa jJAna hai| jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA baMdha hetu jJAna kA anAdara nahIM - jJAna kA anAcaraNa hai - lekhaka jI ne jJAnAvaraNIya karma ke baMdhana ke hetu kI samIkSA karate hue eka mahatvapUrNa bAta kahI hai| sAmAnyatayA yaha mAnA jAtA hai ki, jJAnAvaraNIya karma ke baMdhana kA hetu jJAna kA 'anAdara' karanA hai| anAdara kA sAmAnya tAtparya upekSA karanA bhI hai, kintu lekhaka ne yahA~ eka mahatvapUrNa bAta kahI hai vaha yaha ki prAcIna paramparA meM ' Adara' zabda AcaraNa ke artha meM AyA hai| prAcIna marugurjara bhASA meM bhI Adara zabda kA artha AcaraNa yA svIkAra karanA dekhA jA sakatA hai, jaise " jANyA piNa AdariyA nahIM " isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki vastutaH jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA baMdha kA hetu satya ko satya samajhate hue bhI use jIvana meM Acarita nahIM karanA hai / isake samarthana meM eka yukti yaha bhI dI jA sakatI hai - paMcAcAroM meM eka jJAnAcAra bhI hai, ata: jJAna jAnanA nahIM, use AcaraNa meM utAranA hai| vastutaH isa kathana se eka saMketa nikalatA hai ki, vaha jJAna jo AcaraNa meM pratiphalita nahIM hotA hai vaha ajJAna rUpa hI hai, viSa ko jIvana ghAtaka jAnakara bhI jo use khAtA hai, vaha ajJAnI hai| vastuta: jJAna koI vyakti yA vastu nahIM hai jisakA Adara yA anAdara hotA hai| jJAna eka guNa hai aura kisI bhI guNa kA Adara karane kA tAtparya hai use jIvana meM utAranA / sAmAnyatayA jJAna ke anAdara kA artha jJAna ke sAdhanoM kA anAdara yA upekSA mAnA jAtA hai, lekina baMdha tattva [209]

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yaha artha paravartI hI hai, kyoMki bhagavAna mahAvIra ke kAla meM jJAnArjana hetu jJAna ke sAdhanoM kI arthAt pustaka, kalama Adi kI AvazyakatA nahIM mAnI jAtI thI, mAtra guNa hI paryApta thaa| jJAna kI jar3a-sAmagrI kA anAdara karane se bhI jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA baMdha hogA aura unakA Adara karane se jJAnAvaraNIya karma naSTa ho jAegA, yaha mAnanA bhI ucita nahIM hai vastutaH Adara kA artha usakA samIcIna upayoga honA caahie| yadi koI vyakti pAka-zAstra kI kisI pustaka kI pUjA kare, use praNAma kare to usase na to bhojana banane vAlA hai aura na hI bhUkha miTane vAlI hai, ataH Adara kA tAtparya vastutaH use jIvana meM jInA hai| jJAna mAtra jAnanA nahIM, apitu jAnakara jInA hai| jo jJAna jIyA nahIM jAegA usa jJAna kA vastutaH koI lAbha nhiiN| jaina paramparA kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki vaha jJAnAcAra kI bAta karatI hai| usake anusAra jJAna mAtra jAnane kI vastu nahIM hai, vaha jIne kI vastu hai| yadi eka vyakti viSa ke saMbaMdha meM sampUrNa jAnakArI rakhate hue bhI usakA bhakSaNa karatA hai to vaha jJAnI nahIM mAnA jaaegaa| tairane ke saMbaMdha meM pI-eca.DI karane vAlA bhI yadi tairanA nahIM jAnatA hai to vaha DUbegA hii| usI prakAra jo jJAna jIyA nahIM jAtA hai vaha jJAna vastutaH ajJAna rUpa yA baMdha rUpa hI hotA hai| isa prastuta kRti meM jJAnAvaraNIya karma ke baMdhana aura prahANa ke sambandha meM lekhaka ne jo dRSTi prastuta kI hai, vaha vicAraNIya hai| kintu jJAna ke sAdhanoM kA anAdara jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA baMdha hetu hai, yaha bAta bhI ekAnta mithyA nahIM hai, yaha bhI Agama sammata hai, kyoMki guru bhI jJAna kA sAdhana hai aura usake prati avinaya yA anAdara bhAva jJAna-prApti meM bAdhaka hogA ataH usase bhI jJAnAvaraNIya kA baMdha hogaa| parAghAta evaM upaghAta ke navIna artha isI krama meM lekhaka ne nAmakarma kI 'parAghAta' nAmaka prakRti kA bhI eka navIna artha kiyA hai, jo unakI samIcIna dRSTi kA paricAyaka hai| nAmakarma kI prakRtiyoM meM eka prakRti kA nAma parAghAta hai| sAmAnyatayA nAmakarma kI parAghAta nAmaka isa prakRti kA artha yaha kiyA jAtA hai ki jo dUsare ko niSprabha kara de yA jisase vyakti ajeya banA rahe vaha parAghAta hai| lekhaka ne parAghAta ke isa artha ko upayukta na mAna kara eka navIna artha diyA hai| nAmakarma kI yaha prakRti pudgala vipAkI hai isakA saMbaMdha zarIra se hai ataH lekhaka kI dRSTi meM isakA artha hai ki zarIra kI vaha zakti jo zarIra meM Ane vAle dUSita padArthoM, dUSita vAyu saMkrAmaka kITANu [210] jainatattva sAra

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Adi se lar3akara unheM parAjita kara detI hai| vastutaH parAghAta prakRti hamAre zarIra meM Aye vijAtIya tatvoM para vijaya prApta karatI hai aura isa prakAra hameM svastha rakhatI hai| isI prakAra unhoMne upaghAta nAmaka nAmakarma kI prakRti kA artha bhI bhinna kiyA hai, yathA- jo zarIra meM vijAtIya padArthoM kI utpati kara zarIra meM hAni pahu~cAtI hai vaha upaghAta nAmaka nAmakarma kI prakRti hai| isa prakAra lekhaka ne paramparAgata mAnyatAoM ko eka navIna artha dene kA prayAsa kiyA hai| unakI bandha tattva sambandhI yaha kRti mAtra paramparAgata mAnyatAoM kA prastutIkaraNa nahIM hai, apitu unakI eka navIna dRSTi se samIkSA bhI hai| gotrakarma se tAtparya uccagotrakarma kA artha ucca, samRddhizAlI kula meM janma lenA yA nIcagotra kA artha nimna kSudra evaM daridra kula meM janma lenA aisA nahIM hai| lekhaka kA cintana isa sambandha meM bhI paramparAgata mAnyatA se bhinna hai| unakA mAnanA hai ki jIvana meM sadguNoM kA vikAsa uccagotra karma kA udaya hai aura jIvana meM durguNoM kI vRddhi nIca gotra kA udaya hai| unakA kahanA hai ki hama paramparAgata mAnyatA ko svIkAra kareMge to harIkezIbala nAmaka cANDAla muni meM yA puNiyA zrAvaka meM nIcagotra kA udaya aura hiMsakayajJoM ko sampanna karane vAle brAhmaNa meM evaM durAcAra sampanna vyakti meM ucca gotra kA udaya mAnanA hogaa| lekina vAstavikatA to isase bhinna hI hai, ucca gotra kA tAtparya hai sadguNoM kA vikAsa karane kI yogyatA aura nimna gotra kA tAtparya hai durguNoM meM pravRtta hone kI prkRti| punaH ucca gotrakarma ke udaya meM jAti, kula, rUpa evaM aizvarya kA paramparAgata artha lenA ucita nahIM hogaa| yahA~ jAti kA artha saMskAra, kula kA artha vyavahAra meM zAlInatA yA azAlInatA, rUpa kA artha AkarSaNa sAmarthya aura aizvarya kA artha sadguNa sampannatA mAnanA hogaa| yadi aisA nahIM mAneMge to cANDAla jAti meM utpanna harikezI jaise kurUpa muni meM tapa-teja aura aSTAvaka jaise jJAnI meM zruta sAmarthya mAnane para bAdhA AegI taba to unameM donoM gotroM kA udaya eka sAtha mAnanA hogA jo Agama aura karma siddhAnta se viparIta hai| yadi eka samaya meM eka hI gotra karma kA udaya mAneMge to inakA paramparA se bhinna uparyukta artha svIkAra karanA hogaa| kyoMki ucca jAti aura kula meM utpanna vyakti bhI kurUpa aura vipanna dekhe jAte haiN| dUsare kisI bhI karma kA sambandha bAhyArthoM yA vastuoM se nahIM hai| aizvarya kA sampatti artha lene para vaha bhI bAhya vastu hogaa| isa sambandha meM bhI lekhaka kA spaSTa mAnanA hai ki garIbI-amIrI pUrva karma baMdha tattva [211]

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ke udaya kA phala nahIM hai| bAhya nimittoM kI prApti karmajanya nahIM hai, apitu una nimittoM kA upayoga kisa rUpa meM kiyA jAye yaha vyakti para nirbhara hai| koM kA udaya nimittoM ke upayoga sAmarthya ko sUcita karatA hai| sAmAnyatayA yaha mAnA jAtA hai ki ghaTanAe~ karma ke udaya se sukha-duHkha rUpa hotI haiM jaise kisI roga kA honA asAtAvedanIya karma ke udaya kA pariNAma hai athavA acchA svAsthya sAtAvedanIya karma ke udaya kA pariNAma hai, kintu prastuta kRti meM lekhaka ukta mantavya se sahamata nahIM haiN| unakA mAnanA hai ki ghaTanAe~ ghaTanAe~ haiM, ve sukha-duHkha rUpa nahI haiN| dUsare, roga yA svAsthya bhI karmajanya nahIM hai| roga na to asAtAvedanIya kA udaya hai aura na svasthatA sAtAvedanIya kA udaya hai| ghaTanAoM yA roga Adi kA saMvedana cetanA jisa rUpa meM karatI hai, usakA sambandha sAtAvedanIya yA asAtAvedanIya se hai| kisI ke lie vaha sAtAvedanIya kA nimitta bana jAtI hai to dUsare ke lie asAtAvedanIya kA nimitta bana jAtI hai| roga yA ghaTanAe~ mAtra bAhya nimitta haiM, unakA duHkha rUpa yA sukharUpa saMvedana cetanAzrita hai - ataH sAtAvedanIya aura asAtAvedanIya saMvedana rUpa caittasika avasthA hai, jo karmajanya hai| ___ isa prakAra lekhaka vedanIya karma kA artha bhI paramparA se haTakara karate haiM kintu vaha AgamAnukUla aura samIcIna hai| isameM vaimatya nahIM hai| maleriyA eka roga yA ghaTanA hai, vaha kisI karma ke nimitta se nahIM hotA hai, kintu hama usakA saMvedana jisa rUpa meM karate haiM vaha hamAre pUrva karma saMskAra kA pariNAma hai - eka usakA vedana samabhAva se karatA hai to dUsarA AkulatA se| basa yahI vedanIyakarma apanA kArya karatA hai| jo usakA vedana samabhAva se karatA hai vaha asAtAvedanIya kA saMkramaNa sAtAvedanIya meM karake usakA vedana karatA hai to dUsarA AkulatA kI dazA meM usakA vedana asAtAvedanIya rUpa meM karatA hai| isa prakAra prastuta kRti meM bandhatattva se sambandhita vividha viSayoM para navIna cintana upalabdha hotA hai| yahA~ use sameTa pAnA to sambhava nahIM thaa| lekhaka kI samIkSaka kintu yathArtha dRSTi se paricaya pAne ke liye mAtra kucha tathyoM kA saMketa kiyA hai, jisase pAThakoM meM grantha ke samagra adhyayana kI ruci jAgrata ho| __lekhaka ne karmabaMdha aura karmavipAka kA sambandha vyakti ke vyaktitva kI dRSTi se mAnA hai, ve spaSTarUpa se yaha batAte haiM ki dhana-sampatti kI prApti yA aprApti, roga [212] jainatattva sAra

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Adi kI utpatti ke bAhya saMyoga kA bananA yA nahIM bananA yaha pUrvabaddhakarma ke udayAdhIna nahIM hai / isakA spaSTa artha yaha hai ki karmabaMdha aura usakA vipAka dono 'para' yA bAhyArtha se sambandhita nahIM haiN| unakA sambandha hamAre vyaktitva se hai / bAhya saMyogoM yA bAhya nimittoM kI upalabdhi yA anupalabdhi se nahIM hai| isakA eka artha yaha bhI hai ki bAhya pariveza yA paryAvaraNa kA anukUla yA pratikUla rUpa meM milanA karmajanya nahI hai| vaha mAtra saMyogajanya hai| unakA kAraNa yadRcchA/bhavitavyatA/niyati hai| jaina paramparA meM pacaMkAraNa samavAya meM kAla, svabhAva, niyati Adi bhI svIkRta haiM ataH anukUla yA pratikUla saMyoga ke lie pUrvabaddha karmo kA udaya mAnanA ucita nahIM hai| yahA~ taka lekhaka kI mAnyatA se merI pUrNa sahamati hai / kintu jaina paramparA meM ATha karmoM aura vizeSa rUpa se ghAtI karmoM meM aMtarAya karma bhI mAnA gayA hai| isa aMtarAya karma kI pAMca avAntara prakRtiyA~ hai : 1. dAnAntarAya, 2. lAbhAntarAya, 3. bhAgAntarAya, 4. upabhogAntarAya aura 5. vIryAntarAya (puruSArtha zakti ke prakaTana meM bAdhA ) / yahA~ ' antarAya' zabda bAdhA yA bAdhakatattva kI upasthiti kA sUcaka hai / sAmAnyatayA bAdhA yA bAdhakatattva kI upasthiti ko bAhya mAnA jAtA hai aura aisA mAnane para yaha lagatA hai ki karma kA sambandha bAhya nimittoM kI upalabdhi yA anupalabdhi se bhI hai| yadi pratikUla nimittoM kA milanA antarAya hai to phira karma kA sambandha bAhya yA para se mAnanA hogaa| isa samasyA kA samAdhAna isa pustaka meM nihita antarAya karma ke vivecana se prApta ho jAtA hai| lekhaka ne antarAya karma kA nirUpaNa karate hue use nUtana artha di haiM tathA dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga evaM vIrya ko kramazaH udAratA kA bhAva, kAmanA kA abhAva, Antarika saundarya, mAdhurya evaM sAmarthya kahA hai, jo Antarika guNa haiM upalabdhiyA~ haiN| lekhaka ne antarAya karma ke bhedoM kA vivecana yuktisaMgata evaM marmoghATaka rIti se kiyA hai, jisameM vartamAna meM pracalita arthoM se utpanna samasyAoM kA nirAkaraNa svata: ho jAtA hai| I lekhaka kA yaha mantavya hai ki karma kA bandha aura sattA vahIM hai jahA~ Atmapradeza haiM, ata: unakA udaya bhI vahIM hogA, jahA~ Atma- pradeza haiM aura Atma- pradeza mAtra zarIra meM hI pAye jAte haiM / ataH lAbhAntarAya Adi kA sambandha bhI 'sva' se hI hai| lAbhAntarAya ke kSaya kA bhI yaha artha nahIM hai ki hameM bAhya vastuoM arthAt dhana sampati kI prApti ho - unakA kathana hai ki garIbI- amIrI kA karma se koI sambandha baMdha tattva [213]

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nahIM hai - isa sambandha meM unhoneM vistRta carcA apanI pustaka 'garIbI-amIrI pUrvajanma karma kA pariNAma nahIM hai', meM kI hai| ataH yahA~ isa sambandha meM vistAra se jAnA apekSita nahIM hai| vastutaH prastuta kRti meM karma ke bandha, udaya Adi ke sambandha meM unakA cintana maulika aura navIna hai| kintu isakA artha yaha bhI nahIM hai usakA zAstrIya AdhAra nahIM hai| unhoMne samasta lekhana zAstrIya AdhAroM para kiyA hai| unakI isa kRti kA avalokana pAThakoM ke cintana ko naI dizA degA aura zAstrIya AdhAroM para eka samyak avabodha pradAna karegA sAtha hI isa sambandha meM paramparA meM calI AI bhrAntiyoM kA nirAkaraNa kregaa| unakA samyak mArga darzana unakI kRtiyoM ke mAdhyama se samAja ko milatA rahe, yahI apekSA hai| Amukha (lekhaka kI mUla pustaka 'bandha tattva' se uddhRta) -dharmacanda jaina tattvacintaka, dhyAna-sAdhaka, vidvadvarya evaM guruvarya kanhaiyAlAla jI lor3hA ne jainadharma-darzana meM pratipAdita jIvAdi navatattvoM kA natUna vivecana kiyA hai| 'baMdha-tattva' para likhita yaha pustaka anUThI evaM krAntikArI hai| isameM mAtra baMdha tattva kA hI nahIM apitu karma-siddhAnta viSayaka aneka avadhAraNAoM kA AloDana evaM samIkSaNa huA hai| pUjya lor3hA kA karma viSayaka maulika cintana isa kRti kA prANa hai| pustaka meM ATha karmoM evaM unakI uttara prakRtiyoM kA gUDhArtha prastuta karane kA stutya upakrama kiyA gayA hai| pUjya lor3hA sA. ne jaina karma-siddhAnta meM pracalita aneka bhrAnta dhAraNAoM evaM visaMgatiyoM kA nirAkaraNa kara jJAnAvaraNAdi aSTavidha karmoM evaM karmasiddhAnta viSayaka aneka avadhAraNAoM kA nUtana vivecana kiyA hai| sarvaprathama hama jJAnAvaraNa karma ko hI leN| jJAnAvaraNa karma jo jIva ke jJAna ko Avarita karatA hai, usakA sIdhA sambandha mohanIya karma se hai| jitanA mohakarma pragAr3ha hotA hai, utanA hI jJAnAvaraNa karma prabala hotA hai| jitanA moha ghaTatA hai utanA hI jJAnAvaraNa karma kA prabhAva kSINa hotA jAtA hai evaM jJAna guNa prakaTa hotA jAtA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM jJAna guNa ke ghaTane-bar3hane kA sambandha moha ke ghaTanebar3hane se hai| moha ke kAraNa jJAnAvaraNa meM taratamatA hotI hai tathA jJAnAvaraNa ke [214] jainatattva sAra

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kAraNa jJAnAvaraNa meM taratamatA hotI hai tathA jJAnAvaraNa ke kAraNa jJAna kA prakaTIkaraNa prabhAvita hotA hai| jJAna honA jIva kA lakSaNa hai| jIva kucha na kucha avazya jAnatA hai| ajIva jAnane kA sAdhana to bana sakatA hai, kintu vaha jJAtA nahIM hotaa| kamyUTara aneka prakAra ke gaNitIya praznoM ko hala karane meM, I-mela dvArA samAcAra preSita karane meM iNTaraneTa ke mAdhyama se duniyAbhara kI sUcanA ko pradarzita karane meM sahAyaka banatA hai, kintu vaha bhI eka upakaraNa hI hai, jJAtA nhiiN| jJAtA to jIva hI hotA hai| bAhya jagat kA jJAna Abhinibodhaka jJAna athavA matijJAna hai jo indriya evaM mana kI sahAyatA se hotA hai arthAt indriyA~ inameM karaNa banatI haiN| matijJAna kA vyApaka hai| yaha avagraha, IhA, avAya evaM dhAraNa taka hI sImita nahIM hotA, apitu smRti pratyabhijJAna, tarka evaM anumAnajanya jJAna bhI matijJAna svarUpa hI hai| buddhijanya jJAna bhI matijJAna hai tathA jAtismaraNa jJAna ko bhI matijJAna kI zreNi meM liyA gayA hai| matijJAna ke dvArA zabda, rUpa, rasa, gaMdha evaM sparza yukta padArthoM kA to jJAna hotA hI hai, dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya, kAla, jIvAstikAya evaM paramANusadRza sUkSma pudgaloM kA jJAna bhI matijJAna ke antargata hI AtA hai, kyoMki isako jAnane meM buddhi evaM tarka kI apekSA hotI hai| aba prazna hai ki matijJAna para AvaraNa kisa prakAra AtA hai? matijJAna ke prakaTIkaraNa meM jo sahAyaka karaNa haiM unake nirmANa kA sambandha to nAmakarma se hai| indriyAdi kI racanA nAmakarma se hotI hai, kintu unameM jAnane kI kSamatA kA AdhAra darzanAvaraNa evaM jJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama se prakaTa hotA hai| matijJAnAvaraNa karma kA udaya hone para jIva meM aindriyaka jJAna ke stara para, smRti, tarka, cintana evaM bauddhika jJAna ke stara para rukAvaTa utpanna ho jAtI hai| lekhaka kA yaha mantavya hai ki bAhya vastuoM athavA viSayoM kA kitanA jJAna huA hai, isase matijJAna meM koI vizeSatA nahIM aatii| zrutajJAna atyanta mahattvapUrNa jJAna hai| svabhAva-vibhAva, guNa-doSa evaM heya upAdeya kA svAbhAvika jJAna hI zrutajJAna hai| yaha indriya kA viSaya nahIM hai, yaha jIva ko svataH prApta vaha jJAna hai jisase jIva ko zAnti, svAdhInatA, amaratva, pUrNatA, prasannatA Adi guNa iSTa hote haiN| vastu, zarIra Adi kI nazvaratA, saMsAra kI azaraNatA Adi kA bodha zrutajJAna kA svarUpa hai| ise viveka bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| jJAna kA sacca svarUpa zrutajJAna hI hai| yahI kevalajJAna meM sahAyaka hai| zrutajJAnI baMdha tattva [215]

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yaha bhI jAnatA hai ki saMsAra meM azAnti, abhAva, parAdhInatA, cintA, bhaya, saMgharSakalaha, yuddha, tanAva, dabAva, hInabhAva antardvandva, nIrasatA, jar3atA Adi bhI duHkha hai, unake mUla meM viSayasukha kI abhilASA hai, ataH viSayasukha kI abhilASA tyAjya hai| viSaya-kaSAya evaM samasta pApoM ke tyAga meM dharma hai, yaha zrutajJAna hai| yaha bodha hameM tIrthaMkaroM dvArA nirupita AgamavANI se bhI hotA hai, ataH use bhI zrutajJAna kahA hai| yaha jJAna jaba cetanA ke stara para vyakti ko binA AgamavANI ke anubhUta hotA hai to yaha svataH udbhUta zrutajJAna kahalAtA hai| zrutajJAna ke svarUpa ko lor3hA sA. ne vistAra se spaSTa kiyA hai tathA 'zrutamanindriyasya' sUtra meM sthita 'anindriya' zabda kA artha mana na mAnakara cetanA svIkAra kiyA hai| zrutajJAnAvaraNa ke kAraNa zrutajJAna abhivyakta nahIM hotA hai| zrutajJAnAvaraNa kA jitanA kSayopazama hotA hai vaha utane aMza meM prakaTa hotA rahatA hai| mithyAtva ke rahate hai vaha zruta-ajJAna kahalAtA hai tathA mithyAtva ke samApta hone para use zrutajJAna kahA jAtA hai| zrutajJAna se hI kevalajJAna taka pahu~cA jA sakatA hai| avadhijJAna evaM mana:paryavajJAna na bhI ho to bhI zrutajJAna ke prabhAva se sIdhe kevalajJAna kI prApti ho sakatI hai| zrutajJAna parokSa hai evaM kevalajJAna pratyakSa hai| unake anusAra loka kA artha zarIra hai| zarIra meM uThane vAlI saMvedanAoM kA AtmapradezoM se hotA hai, isalie yaha pratyakSa jJAna hai| jaba jIva apane samasta Atma-pradezoM se zarIra ke samasta viSayabhUta artha ko grahaNa karatA hai to sarvAvadhi evaM paramAvadhi jJAna ho jAtA hai| lor3hA sA, ke anusAra loka ke bahya rUpI padArtho ko nizcita dUrI evaM avadhi taka jAnane se avadhijJAna kA vAstavika sambandha nahIM hai, kyoMki Atmahita se isakA sIdhA prayojana nahIM hai| lor3hA sA, ke AnusAra avadhidarzana evaM avadhijJAna dhyAna kI prakiyA se jur3e hue haiN| __mana kI paryAyoM ko mana se asaMga rahate hue jAnanA manaH paryAyajJAna hai| cintana ke na karane para bhI mana kI jo paryAye prakaTa hotI haiM ve mana:paryAya jJAna kA viSaya banatI hai| matijJAna meM jahA~ mana se sambaddha avagraha, IhA, avAya evaM dhAraNA jJAna hote haiM tathA vyakti svayaM cintana dvArA mAnasika kriyAoM ko saMcalita karatA hai vahA~ manaHparyAyajJAna meM sAdhaka apanI ora se cintana-manana evaM saMkalpavikalpa na kara mana se asaMga evaM taTastha rahatA hai tathA mana meM prakaTa hone vAle pUrva saMskAroM ko jAnatA hai| manaHparyAyajJAna unhIM sAdhakoM ko hotA hai jo saMyamI haiM , evaM viSaya-bhogoM se virata haiN| manaHparyAyajJAna kA prakaTa na honA mana:paryAyajJAnAvaraNa hai| [216] jainatattva sAra

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kevalajJAna sabase utkRSTa jJAna hai| samasta dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ko binA kisI anya karaNa ke sIdhe AtmA se jAnanA kevalajJAna hai| kevalajJAna meM dravya, guNa evaM paryAya tInoM ko eka sAtha jAnA jAtA hai| kevalajJAna azeSajJAna hai| isake hone ke pazcAt kucha bhI jAnanA zeSa nahIM rahatA hai| vItarAga avasthA kA jo nirdeSa-zuddha jJAna hai, vaha kevalajJAna hai| ise anantajJAna, abhedajJAna evaM azeSajJAna bhI kahA gayA hai| azeSajJAna hone se ise sarvajJatA ke rUpa meM bhI jAnA jAtA hai| jJAnAvaraNa karma kA baMdha bhI jIva hI karatA hai tathA usakA kSaya evaM kSayopazama bhI jIva hI karatA hai| jIva meM rahI huI Asakti evaM kaSAya se karma sattA ko prApta hote haiN| Azcarya yaha hai ki karma jisase sattA pAte haiM, usI jIva ko Avarita kara dete hai aura usI jIva meM unake kSaya kA jJAna bhI hotA hai| jIva meM unake kSaya kA jJAna bhI hotA hai| jIva avivekajanya ajJAna ke prabhAva se viSaya-kaSAya tathA bhogoM ke sevana kara jJAnAvaraNa Adi karmoM ko bAMdha letA hai aura vivekajanya jJAna ke prabhAva se viSaya-bhogoM kA tyAga kara karmakSaya kara letA hai| jJAnAvaraNa evaM darzanAvaraNa karma-baMdha ke AgamoM meM chaha kAraNa pratipAdita haiM- 1. pratyanIkatA 2. apalApa 3. antarAya 4. pradveSa 5. AsAdana aura 6. visNvaad| inameM pratyanIkatA kA artha hai jJAna ke viparIta aacaarnn| apalApa kA tAtparya hai jJAna kA prabhava apane para na hone denaa| antarAya se Azaya hai jJAna ke anarUpa AcaraNa ko bhaviSya hetu ttaalnaa| pradveSa kA artha hai prApta jJAna ke prati dveSa kara bhogoM ko Avazyaka mnaanaa| AsAdana kA abhiprAya hai nijajJAna kA anAdara krnaa| zraddheya lor3hA sAhaba ke anusAra inameM jJAna kA anAdara pramukha kAraNa hai| jJAna ke anAdara kA tAtparya hai jJAna ko AcaraNa meM na laanaa| lor3hA sAhaba ne anAdara kA artha anAcaraNa kara nayA AyAma prastuta kiyA hai| isase aba taka cale A rahe saMkIrNa artha pustakoM ke AnAdara Adi kI apekSA eka vyApaka artha ko sthAna milA hai| vastutaH prApta jJAna ko AcaraNa meM na lAnA hI usakA anAdara hai tathA usase jJAnAvaraNa karma ke baMdha kA sIdhA sambandha hai| jJAna, ajJAna evaM jJAnAvaraNa meM kyA bheda hai? lor3hA sAhaba saMkSepa meM likhate haiM- "jisa jJAna se apanA hita ho, vahI jJAna hai tathA jisa jJAna se apanA ahita ho vaha ajJAna hai|" samyagdRSTi vAle jIva kA jJAna 'jJAna' athavA samyagjJAna hai baMdha tattva [217]

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tathA mithyAdRSTi vAle jIva kA jJAna mithyAjJAna athavA ajJAna hai| udAharaNArtha bAhma padArtha, vyakti, ghaTanA, paristhiti Adi ko sukha-duHkha kA kAraNa mAnane rUpa jJAna 'ajJAna' hai| apane sukha-duHkha kA kAraNa vyakti svayaM hai, yaha bodha jJAna hai| isakA Adara na karane para jJAna kA prakaTa na honA jJAnAvaraNa karma hai| jJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama se samyagdRSTi jIva ke samyagjJAna evaM mithyAdRSTi jIva ke ajJAna prakaTa hotA hai| jJAnAvaraNa evaM darzanAvaraNa kA paraspara ghaniSTa sambandha hai| jina kAraNoM se jJAna para AvaraNa AtA hai unhIM kAraNoM se darzana guNa para AvaraNa AtA hai| jIva kI saMvedanazakti ko darzana kahA gayA hai| yaha saMvedanazakti jJAna kI pUrvAvasthA hai| pahale darzana hotA hai evaM phira jnyaan| guNa kI dRSTi se to jIva meM jJAna evaM darzana guNa donoM eka sAtha rahate haiM, kintu upayoga kI dRSTi se inameM kramabhAva hotA hai| pUrvAcAryoM ne darzana ko nirvikalpa, nirAkAra, anirvacanIya, avizeSa, abheda Adi vizeSatAoM se yukta batalAyA hai tathA jJAna ko savikalpa, sAkAra, vizeSa nirbhara karatA hai| darzana ke lie cinmayatA, antarmukha caitanya jaise zabdoM kA bhI prayoga huA hai| darzana ko sAmAnyajJAna evaM jJAna ko vizeSajJAna ke rUpa meM paribhASita karane meM vaha spaSTatA nahIM AtI hai jo saMvedanazIlatA evaM jJAna se rUpa meM bheda sthApita karane se AtI hai| darzana ke cAra prakAra haiM-cakSudarzana, acakSudarzana, avadhidarzana evaM kevldrshn| cakSu kI Antarika grahaNazakti rUpa saMvedanazItalA cakSudarzana hai| isa guNa para AvaraNa AnA cakSudarzanAvaraNa hai| zarIra, jihva, nAsikA evaM zrotra indriyoM kI saMvedanazIlatA acakSudarzana hai tathA inake isa guNa para AvaraNa AnA acakSudarzanAvaraNAdi haiM tathA pA~ca nidrAoM kI bhI isase gaNanA hotI hai| pA~ca nidrAe~ haiM- 1. nidrA 2. nidrA-nidrA 3. pracalA, 4. pracalA-pracalA evaM 5. styAnagRddhi / jo AtmasvarUpa ko, caitanyaguNa ko prakaTa na hone de vaha nidrA hai| ye pA~coM nidrAeM yahI kArya karatI haiN| svarUpa kI dRSTi se inake bhinna lakSaNa prApta hote haiN| lor3hA sAhaba ne bhI isake prAyaH ve hI pracalita lakSaNa die haiM, yathAkheda, parizrama Adi se utpanna thakAvaTa ke kAraNa Ane vAlI nidrA, jisameM sugamatA se jAgrata huA jA sake vaha nidrA hai| nidrA meM uttarottara vRddhi honA, nidrA kA pragAr3ha honA, kaThinAI se jAgrata honA nidrA-nidrA hai| calAyamAna avasthA meM nidrA [218] jainatattva sAra

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AnA pracalA hai, pracalA kI punaH punaH AvRtti honA pracalA-pracalA hai| supta avasthA meM calanA-phiranA yA anya kArya karanA styAnagRddhi hai| darzanAvaraNa karma kA bhI mohanIya karma se pragAr3ha sambandha hai| mohakarma ke kAraNa darzana zakti AcchAdita hotI hai| mohakarma mUrchA kA dyotaka hai aura mUrchA kI vRddhi hotI hai| jitanI mUrchA bar3hatI hai, utanI hI jar3atA bar3hatI hai, jitanI jar3atA bar3hatI hai utanA hI cetana kA cetanatArUpa darzana guNa Avarita hotA hai| ___ moha ke ghaTane evaM samatA ke bar3hane se darzana guNa kA prakaTIkaraNa hotA hai| jaise-jaise darzana guNa kA vikAsa yA prakaTIkaraNa hotA jAtA hai, vaise-vaise sva saMvedana kI spaSTatA evaM sUkSma prakaTa hotI jAtI hai, cetanA kA vikAsa hotA jAtA hai| darzana ke vikAsa ke sAtha jJAna kA vikAsa hotA hai| nirvikalpaka citta kI avasthA meM hI vicAra yA viveka kA udaya hotA hai| darzana guNa kI prathama vizeSatA saMvedanazIlatA hai tathA dUsarI vizeSatA nirvikalpatA hai| nirvikalpa svarUpa darzanaguNa kA vikAsa samyagdarzana kI utpatti meM tathA darzanamoha ke kSaya meM hetu hai| samyagdarzana samyagjJAna kI utpatti meM hetu hotA hai| darzanaguNa ke vikAsa meM nirvikalpatA ke kAraNa samatA kI puSTi hotI hai aura vaha samatA darzanAvaraNa evaM darzanamoha meM kamI lAtI hai| darzanAvaraNa karma baMdha ke jo chaha kAraNa haiM, unakA svarUpa isa prakAra haisaMkalpa-utpatti evaM pUrti ko hI jIvana mAnanA tathA nirvikalpatA ke viruddha AcaraNa karanA darzanA pratyanIkatA hai| darzana-nihnava kA tAtparya hai svataH prApta nirvikalpatA ko surakSita na rkhnaa| nirvikalpatA kI anubhUti ko kAlAntara ke lie TAlanA darzana-antarAya hai| nirvikalpatA ko akarmaNyatA samajhakara usase dveSa karanA darzanadveSa hai| darzana-AzAtanA se Azaya hai nirvikalpatA kI upekSA karanA, usake sampAdana ke lie prayatnazIla na honaa| darzana- visaMvAda kA abhiprAya hai nirvikalpatA kI upalabdhi meM apane ko asamartha mAnanA, usase nirAza honA use ucita na maannaa| sukha-duHkha kA vedana vedanIya karma kA phala hai| Agama kI pAribhASika zabdAvalI meM sukha ko sAtA evaM duHkha ko asAtA kahA gayA hai| sAtA kA vedana pA~ca indriyoM ke manojJa viSayoM tathA mana saukhya, vacana saukhya evaM kAya saukhya se hotA hai| isake viparIta asAtA kA vedana pA~ca indriyoM ke amanojJa viSayoM, mana baMdha tattva [219]

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duHkhatA, vacana duHkhatA evaM kAyA kI duHkhatA ke rUpa meM hotA hai / isa AdhAra para vedanIya karma do prakAra kA hai- sAtA vedanIya evaM asAtA vedanIya / sAtA - vedanIya karma kA upArjana sabhI prANa, bhUta, jIva evaM sattvoM para anukampA karane se hotA hai / unheM duHkha na dene se, unake pIr3A - paritApa kA nivAraNa karane se hotA hai / isake viparIta asAtAvedanIya karma kA upArjana anya prANa, bhUta, jIva evaM sattvoM para krUratA Adi ke vyavahAra se yAvat paritApa utpanna karane se hotA hai| isakA tAtparya hai ki hamArA vyavahAra dUsare prANiyoM ke sAtha kaisA hai, isa para sAtA evaM asAtA kA upArjana nirbhara karatA hai / tattvArthasUtra meM bhI du:kha, zoka, tApa, Akrandana, vadha aura paridevana (vilApa) ko asAtAvedanIya ke baMdha kA kAraNa tathA bhUtAnukampA, vratyanukampA, dAna, sarAgasaMyamAdi yoga, kSamA aura zauca ko sAtAvedanIya ke baMdha kA kAraNa svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| krodha, mAna, mAyA evaM lobha kaSAya ke zamana se bhI sAtA kA anubhava hotA hai| krodha-vijaya se kSamA, kSamA se prahlAdabhAva, prahlAdabhAva se saba prANa, bhUta, jIva evaM sattva ke prati maitrIbhAva utpanna hotA hai / saba prANiyoM ke prati maitrI ko anukampA bhI kahA gayA hai| anukampA bhAva sAtA kA pramukha kAraNa hai / pustaka ke lekhaka ne duHkha kA mUla sukha - duHkha ko bhoga ko mAnA hai / unake anusAra sukha ke prati rAga karanA evaM duHkha ke prati dveSa karanA sukha-duHkha kA bhoga hai| apane sukha kA bhoga na karake use para pIr3A se karuNita hokara sevA meM lagAnA rAga kI nivRtti meM sahAyaka hai tathA duHkha se mukti pAne ke lie sukha-duHkha ke bhoga kA tyAga anivArya hai| vedanIya karma aghAtI hai isalie vaha hAnikAraka nahIM hai| hAnikAraka hai sAtA kI vedanA ke prati rAga evaM asAtA kI vedanA ke prati dveSa karanA / rAgadveSAtmaka pravRtti naye karmoM ko janma detI / vidvAn lekhaka zrI lor3hA sA. se vibhinna tarka prastuta kara yaha siddha karane ko prayAsa kiyA hai ki bAhya viSayoM kI prApti sAtA yA asAtA vedanIya karma ke udaya se nahIM hotI, hA~ una viSayoM ke udaya se hotA hai / jIva meM pahale kisa prakAra ke karma - saMskAra haiM usake anusAra hI use una viSayoM ke milane para sukha - duHkha kA vedana hotA hai| lor3hA sA. ne udAharaNa dete hue kahA ki koI saMgItajJa ke saMgIta - gAyana ko kisI eka ke karma ke udaya kA phala mAnA jAe to usase do prakAra ke phaloM kI prApti nahIM ho sakatI / [220] jaitattva sA

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tIsarI bAta yaha bhI hai ki saMgItajJa jo saMgIta sunA rahA hai evaM svayaM Anandita ho rahA hai, usakA apanA bhI to koI karma hogA, jisase use sAtA kA anubhava ho rahA hai| isa taraha vibhinna prazna khar3e hote haiM, ataH nimitta se karma udaya meM Ate haiM, yaha mAnanA to ucita hai, kintu nimitta kI prApti karma ke udaya se hotI hai, yaha mantavya ucita nahIM hai| nimittoM kI manojJatA-amanojJatA kI vaiyaktika svabhAva evaM ruci para nirbhara karatI hai| jisa viSThA kI durgandha se manuSya nAka sikor3a kara asAtA kA anubhava karatA hai, usI viSTha kA svAda eka sUara ko manojJa pratIta hotA hai| ataH sAtA vedanIya yA asAtA vedanIya ke udaya se kisI vastu kI prApti-aprApti nahIM hotI hai| hama sAmAnyajana kArya kA kAraNa kA AkSepa kara sambaddha vastu ko bhI apane karma kA phala mAnate hai, jo eka bhrama hai| ___jo karma jIva ko mohita kare, mUrcchita kare, hita-ahita pahacAna na hone de vaha mohanIya karma hai| jJAnAvaraNAdi AThoM karmoM meM mohakarma pradhAna hai| ise karmoM kA rAjA kahA jAtA hai| mohakarma ke do pakSa haiM- darzana mohanIya evaM cAritra mohanIya vyakti kI Antarika dRSTi kA nirdhAraNa karatA hai tathA cAritra mohanIya usake bhAvAtmaka AcaraNa ko dyotita karatA hai| bhItarI dRSTi meM yAdi para padArthe meM Asakti bhAva hai to nizcita hI darzanamohanIya kA prabhAva hai tathA AcaraNa meM yadi krodha, mAna, mAyA evaM lobha kA astitva ho to cAritra mohanIya karma kA pariNAma hai| darzanamohanIya ke tIna prakAra haiM-mithyAtva mohanIya, samyaktva mohanIya evaM mizra mohniiy| mithyAtva mohanIya kA dUsarA nAma mithyAtva evaM mithyAdarzana bhI hai| satya tattva ke prati zraddhA na hokara anitya padArthoM ke bhogoM ke prati zraddhA honA mithyAtva mohanIya hai| samyagdarzana se janita zAnti ke sukha meM ramaNatA athavA usakA bhoga samyaktva mohanIya karma hai| dUsare zabdoM ke samyaktva meM mohita honA, Age na bar3hanA samyaktva moha hai| samyaktva moha evaM mithyAtva moha kA mizraNa mizra moha hai| isakA udaya eka antarmuhUrta se adhika kAla taka nahIM hotA hai| samyagdarzana hone ke pUrva darzanamohanIya kI ina tInoM prakRtiyoM kA upazama, kSaya yA kSayopazama honA anivArya hotA hai| karmabaMdha ke samaya mAtra mithyAtvamohanIya karma prakRti kA baMdha hotA hai, jabaki udaya ke samaya yaha prakRtti tIna svarUpoM meM prakaTa ho sakatI hai jinheM mithyAtvamohanIya, samyaktava mohanIya evaM mizra mohanIya (samyaktvamithyAtvamohanIya) kahA gayA hai| baMdha tattva [221]

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sthAnAMga sUtra meM mithyAtva ke vyAvahArika dRSTi se 10 prakAra nirUpita haiM1-2 adharma ko dharma evaM dharma ko adharma zraddhanA, 3-4 unmArga ko sanmArga evaM sanmArga ko unmArga zraddhanA, 5-6 ajIva ko jIva tathA jIva ko ajIva zraddhanA, 7-8 asAdhu ko sAdhu tathA sAdhu ko asAdhu zraddhanA, 9 - 10 amukta ko mukta tathA mukta ko amukta zraddhanA / inakI vyAkhyA zrI lor3hA sA. ne apane DhaMga se kI hai / ve likhate haiM ki vastu kA svAbhAva dharma hai aura para ke saMyoga se utpanna huI vibhAva dazA adharma hai| isa dRSTi se sampatti, saMtati, zakti, sattA, indriyA~ Adi ke saMyoga se milane vAlA sukha vibhAva hai| isa sukha ko svabhAva mAnanA adharma hai| isa sukha ko jIvana mAnanA adharma ko dharma mAnanA hai| isa sukha ke lie dUsaroM kA zoSaNa karanA, dhana kA avaraharaNa karanA, hiMsA, jhUTha Adi pApa karanA bhI adharma hai| isa adharma ko dharma mAnanA mithyAtva hai / isI prakAra karuNA, kSamA, maitrI Adi svabhAva rUpa dharma ko vibhAva mAnanA dharma ko adharma mAnane rUpa mithyAtva hai| saMbhoga ko samadhi kA hetu mAnanA, atibhoga ko mukti kA mArga mAnanA, prabhAvanA ke nAma para sammAna, satkAra, puraskAra Adi sampravRttiyoM ko puNya-baMdha kA hetu kahakara inheM saMsAra - paribhramaNa kA kAraNa mAnanA sanmArga ko unmArga mAnane rUpa mithyAtva hai| apane ko deha mAnanA jIva ko ajIva mAnane rUpa mithyAtva hai aura deha ke astitva ko apanA astitva mAnanA ajIva ko jIva mAnane rUpa mithyAtva hai aura deha ke astitva ko apanA astitva mAnanA ajIva ko jIva mAnane rUpa mithyAtva hai| apane ko deha mAnanA jIva ko ajIva mAnane rUpa mithyAtva hai aura deha ke astitva ko apanA astitva mAnanA ajIva ko jIva mAnane rUpa mithyAtva hai / apane ko deha mAna lene se hI viSaya - bhogoM meM gRddha evaM parigrahI ko sukhI evaM zreSTha mAnanA tathA sAdhu ko asAdhu samajhane kA abhiprAya hai saMyamI evaM vItarAga mArga ke AcaraNakartA ko parAvalambI, anAtha evaM duHkhI samajhanA / isI prakAra zarIra, indriya, vastu, paristhiti, sampatti, sattA, satkAra, parivAra Adi para ke Azrita vyakti ko mukta samajhanA amukta ko mukta samajhane rUpa mithyAtva hai tathA rAga-dveSa-moha Adi vikAroM se mukta ko duHkhI evaM parAdhIna samajhanA mukta ko amukta samajhane rUpa mithyAtva hai| jaba taka ina mithyA mAnyatAoM kA nirAkaraNa nahIM hotA taba taka samyagdarzana evaM vItarAgatA kI ora caraNa nahIM bar3hate / [222] jaitattva sAra

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cAritramohanIya karma ke do vibhAga haiM- kaSAya aura nokssaay| darzanamohanIya ke rahate jo saMsAra meM Abaddha rakhane vAle pramukha bhAva haiM ve kaSAya haiM tathA isa kaSAyoM ke sahayogI nokaSAya haiN| kaSAya ke 16 bheda haiM- 1-4 anantAnubaMdhI krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha, 5-8 apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa krodha, mAna, mAyA evaM lobha, 9-12 pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha, 13-16 saMjvalana krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha / nokaSAya ke 9 bheda haiM- 1. hAsya 2. arati 4. bhaya. 5. zoka, 6 jugupsA 7. puruSaveda 8. strIveda, 9 npuNskved|| lor3hA sAhaba ke anusAra rAga-dveSa ke utpanna hone se citta kA kupita, kSubdha yA azAnta honA krodha kaSAya hai| vastu vyakti evaM paristhiti se tAdAtmya honA, unase jur3a jAnA tathA unase ahaMbhAva honA mAna kaSAya hai| saMgrahavRtti lobha kI dyotaka hai| prApta vastu, vyakti, paristhiti ke bhoga se saMtuSTa na hokara, sukhabhoga ke lie navIna-navIna vastu, vyakti, paristhiti Adi kA aMta kabhI nahIM ho unako sadA banAye rakhane kI icchA anantAnubaMdhI hai| viSayasukha kI dAsatA tathA lolupatA ke Abaddha prANI dvArA duHkhoM se chUTane, asaMyama ko tyAgane athavA kaheM ki pratyAkhyAna karane kA bhAva na honA apratyakhyAnAvaraNa hai| viSayabhogoM kA pUrNa tyAga kara saMyamadhAraNa na karanA pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya hai| viSayabhogoM kI sphuraNA honA, unake prati AkarSaNa honA unake rAga kI Aga meM jalanA saMlvalana kaSAya hai| saMkSeta meM anantAnubaMdhI krodha Adi 16 bhedoM kA svarUpa isa prakAra hai ___ apane sukha meM bAdhA utpanna karane vAle ke prati nirantara AjIvana vairabhAva rakhanA, use kSamA na karanA anantAnubaMdhI krodha hai| krodha ko tyAgane yA kama karane kA bhAva utpanna na honA apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa krodha hai| krodha ko tyAgakara kSamA va zAnti dhAraNa karane se prasannatA, nizcintatA, nirbhayatA Adi sukhoM kI upalabdhi hotI hai, jAnate hue bhI kSamA dhAraNa na krnaa| pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa krodha hai| kAmanA utpatti se rAga-dveSa kI Aga kA prajvalita honA saMjvalana krodha hai| deha, dhana, bala, buddhi, vidyA Adi kI upalabdhi ko hI apanA jIvana mAnanA tathA unheM anantakAla taka banAye rakhane kI abhilASA rakhanA anantAnubaMdhI mAna hai| mAna ke kAraNa utpanna dInatA, garva, jar3atA parAdhInatA, hRdaya kI kaThoratA Adi duHkhoM kI upekSA karanA, unheM dUra karane kA prayatna na karanA apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa baMdha tattva [223]

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mAna hai| mAna ke tyAga se hone vAle mRdutA Adi guNoM ke lie prayatnazIla na honA, mAna kA tyAga na karanA pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa mAna kaSAya hai| mAna kI utpatti se dInatA aura abhimAna kI agni meM jalanA saMjvalana mAna hai| vastu, vyakti, paristhiti, parivAra, dhana- sampati Adi sabako sadA apanA mAnate rahanA, ye saba mere bane raheM, inakA viyoga yA aMta kabhI na ho, yaha bhAva anantAnubaMdhI mAyA hai| mAyA duHkhakArI hai, phira bhI usase chUTane kI abhilASA utpanna na honA apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa mAyA hai / mAyA ke tyAga se svAdhInatA, saralatA Adi guNoM kI upalibdha hotI hai, phira bhI mAyA kA, mamatA kA tyAga na karanA pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa mAyA hai| mAyA yA mamatA kI ruci, utpatti evaM smRti se parAdhInatA, vivazatA kI jyAlA meM jalanA saMjvalana lobha hai / hAsya, rati, arati evaM zoka ke pustaka meM ekAdhika artha die gae haiN| lor3hA sA. kahate haiM ki vartamAna meM hAsya kaSAya kA artha haMsanA kiyA jAtA hai jo Agama evaM karmasiddhAnta se mela nahIM khAtA hai / unake anusAra hAsyAdi ke artha isa prakAra haiM vastu, vyakti, paristhiti kI anukUlatA kA rucikara laganA rati hai aura inakI pratikUlatA kA arucikara laganA arati hai / anukUlatA meM harSa honA hAsya tathA isI prakAra arati evaM zoka kA jor3A hai| eka anya paribhASA meM unhoMne kahA ki anukUlatA kA bhoga rati hai tathA rati se prApta hone vAlA harSa hAsya hai / anacAhI vastu kI bhoga - pravRtti arati hai aura usa bhoga-pravRtti ke samaya hone vAlA duHkhada anubhava zoka hai| bhaya evaM jugupsA kA bhI jor3A hai| zarIra ke rakSaNa kI icchA jugupsA hai tathA zarIra kI hAni kI AzaMkA bhaya hai / jugupsA kA eka artha mAnasika glAni bhI hai| duHkha sabhI ko apriya hai, ataH duHkha Ane kA bhaya prAyaH sabhI ko hotA hai| nayA duHkha na A jAye yaha AzaMkA bhaya hai aura AyA huA duHkha jo ki arucikara hai usakA upacAra vicikitsA yA jugupsA hai| jo prANI duHkha se ghabarAte haiM unhIM meM bhaya aura jugupsA utpanna hote haiM pracalita dhAraNA ke anusAra puruSaveda kA tAtparya strI ke sAtha saMbhoga kI abhilASA, strIveda kA tAtparya puruSa ke sAtha sahavAsa kI icchA tathA napuMsakaveda kA Azaya donoM ke sAtha sAhacarya kI kAmanA hai| lor3hA sA. kA [224] jaitattva sAra

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mantavya hai ki veda kA yaha pracalita artha ucita nahIM hai, kyoMki saMsAra meM jitane bhI jIva haiM, unake hara kSaNa kisI na kisI veda kA udaya hotA hai| unake anusAra kartRtvabhAva puruSaveda hai, bhoktatRtva bhAvanA strIveda hai tathA donoM kI milI-julI bhAvanA napuMsaka veda hai| unhoMne dUsarA artha bhI diyA hai, jisake anusAra jo svayaM apane puruSArtha se pravRtti karate haiM ve puruSavedI haiM, jo pravRtti karane meM para ke Alambana kI apekSA rakhate haiM ve strIvedI haiM tathA jo kucha bhI karane meM sakSama nahIM hai ve napuMsakavedI haiN| __ Ayukarma eka aisA karma hai jo kisI jIva kA eka bhava meM sthitikAla nirdhArita karatA hai| udAharaNArtha manuSyabhava meM eka jIva Ayukarma ke anusAra hI amukakAla taka jIvita rahatA hai| lor3hA sA ne AyuSya ko jIvanIzakti kahA hai tathA AyuSyabalaprANa usa jIvanIzakti kA sUcaka hotA hai| Ayukarma cAra prakAra kA hai-narakAyu, tiryaMcAyu, manuSyAyu aura devaayu| narakAyu ke pApa prakRti meM tathA zeSa tIna ko puNya prakRti meM sammilita kiyA jAtA hai| __ bhagavatI sUtra zataka 8 uddezaka 9 ke anusAra narakAyu kA baMdha mahArambha, mahAparigraha, mAMsAhAra evaM paMcendriya jIvoM kA vadha karane se hotA hai| mahArambha, mahAparigraha tRSNA yA lobha ke dyotaka haiM, ataH narakAyu ke baMdha kA mukhya hetu lobha kaSAya hai| tiryaMcAyu meM mAyA kaSAya kI pradhAnatA hotI hai| manuSyAyu baMdha ke hetu haiM-prakRti se bhadratA, vinItatA, mRdutA, RjutA, dayAlutA, amatsarabhAva aura Arambha-patigraha kI alptaa| devAyu ke baMdha ke kAraNa haiM- sarAgasaMyama, saMyamAsaMyama, bAlatapa aura akAma nirjraa| ___ Ayubandha prAyaH vartamAna jIvana ko do tihAI bhAga vyatIta hone ke pazcAt hotA hai| isakA tAtparya hai ki prANI kI jaisI pravRtti pragAr3ha ho jAtI hai tathA vaha prakRti yA Adata kA rUpa dhAraNa kara letI hai to usake anurUpa hI vaha Age kA bhAva dhAraNa karatA hai| AyuSya karma jIvana meM eka bAra hI baMdhatA hai, jabaki gati kA baMdha nirantara hotA rahatA hai| nAmakarma zarIra evaM usase sambaddha nAnA rUpoM kA sUcaka to hai hI, sAtha hI tIrthaMkara evaM yazaH kIrti sadRza karmaprakRtiyoM kA bhI pratinidhitva karatA hai| yaha zarIra, indriya, mana, vacana tathA inakI sakriyatA se sambandhita hai| isameM gati, jAti zarIra, aMgopAMga, baMdhana, saMhanana, saMsthAna Adi zarIra se sambaddha prakRtiyA~ baMdha tattva [225]

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bhI parigaNita hai to Atapa, udyota upaghAta, parAghAta, Adeya, anAdeya, yazaH kIrti, ayaza:kIrti tIrthaMkara nAmakarma jaisI viziSTa prakRtiyA~ bhI sammilita haiN| nAmakarma aghAtI karma hai| isakI 36 pudgala vipAkI prakRtiyoM kA sambandha zarIra vijJAna se hai, yathA- 5 zarIra, 3 aMgopAMga, 6 saMhanana, 6 saMsthAna, varNa, gaMdha, rasa, sparza, Atapa, udyota, upaghAta, parAghAta, agurulaghu, nirmANa, zubha-azubha, sthira-asthira, pratyeka aura sAdhAraNa / mana, vacana, aura tana kI duSpravRttiyoM se azubha nAmakarma kA tathA inakI sadpravRttiyoM se zubha nAmakarma kA baMdha hotA hai| ___ pustaka meM nAmakarma kI aneka prakRtiyoM ke lakSaNe kA lekhaka ne maulika rIti se pratipAdana evaM vivecana kiyA hai| tadanusAra krUratA evaM viSaya-kaSAya kI atigaddhatA nArakIya gati kI dyotaka evaM janaka hai| prApta viSaya-bhoga meM gRddhatA evaM mUrchA hone tathA usI ko jIvana mAnane para jar3atA jaisI sthiti ko tiryaMca gati kahate haiN| viSayabhoga ke duHkhada pariNAma ko jAnakara usase chUTane evaM usa para vijaya prApta karane kA prApta karane ke sAtha udAratA, karuNA, AtmIyatA Adi kA vyavahAra manuSya gati kA sUcaka hai| divya sAttvika prakRti ke sukhabhoga meM DUbe rahanA, apane vikAsa ke lie udyata na honA devagati kA sUcaka hai| prakArAnta se kaheM to aprApta aneka vastaoM kI kAmanA karane vAlA ghora abhAvagrasta jIva narakagAmI, prApta vastuoM kI kAmanA karane vAlA ghora abhAvagrasta jIva narakagAmI, prApta vastuoM ke bhogoM kI dAsatA meM Abaddha rahane vAlA tiryaMcagAmI, prApta vastuoM kA paropakAra yA sevA meM sadupayoga karane vAlA devagAmI evaM prApta viSaya-bhogoM kA tyAga karane vAlA jIva muktigAmI hotA hai| janma se indriyoM kI prApti ke AdhAra para jAti ke ekendriya, dvIndriya Adi pA~ca bheda kie jAte haiN| ekendriya jIva meM mAtra sparzanendriya pAyI jAtI hai| jaba usakI cetanA kA vikAsa hotA hai to vaha dvIndriya evaM phira kramazaH cetanA kA vikAsa hone para trIndriya, caturindriya evaM paMcendriya banatA hai| sparzana kA hI vikAsa rasanA, ghrANa, cakSu evaM zrotra meM hotA hai| jJAnAvaraNIya evaM darzanAvaraNIya karma ke kSayopazama se jIva meM jJAna evaM darzana kI zakti bar3hatI hai| isase vaha sthUlatara, sthUla, sUkSma, sUkSmatara padArthAM ke [226] jainatattva sAra

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saMvedana rUpa se grahaNa karane evaM unheM jAnane kI kSamatA prApta karatA hai / usa kSamatA kI abhivyakti pA~ca indriyoM ke kramika vikAsa se prakaTa hotI hai / nAmakarma kI 93 prakRtiyoM meM kucha ke lakSaNa lor3hA sA ne ekadama naye die haiM, unakA ullekha yahA~ abhipreta haiM agurulaghu - zarIra meM saMtulana rakhane vAlI thAyarAiDa, eDrInala Adi antaHsrAvI granthiyoM ko agurulaghu nAmakarma kaha sakate haiM / nirmANa - zarIra meM jaba kahI haDDI TUTa jAtI hai to use punaH jor3ane, nirmANa karane kA kArya nirmANa prakRti karatI hai / upaghAta-apane hI aMga dvArA apane zarIra ko hAni phuNcaanaa| AhAra karane se zarIra banane para usameM vijAtIya padArtha utpanna honA upaghAta nAmakarma hai / parAghAtazarIra kI pratirakSAtmaka zakti parAghAta nAma karma hai| azubhatA ApekSika hotI hai| ekAntarUpa se kisI varNa ko zubha evaM azubha nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai / jo varNa kisI ke lie kisI samaya zubha hotA hai vahI dUsare ke lie athavA anya samaya meM usI ke lie azubha mAnA jAtA hai| I gotra karma kA sambandha janma se prApta gotra se nahIM aura na hI ucca evaM nIca kula meM janma lene se hai / vastutaH sadAcaraNa hI ucca gotra kA evaM durAcaraNa hI nIca gotra kA dyotaka hai / sAmAnyatayA uttamakula meM janma lenA ucca gotra evaM lokaniMdya kula meM janma lenA nIca goca mAnA jAtA hai, kintu uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM vidyamAna harikezI muni kA prakaraNa isa tathya ko spaSTa pratipAdita karatA hai ki lokaniMdya yA nIca kula meM janma lene se koI nIcagotrI nahIM hotA, apitu apane niMdya AcaraNa se vaha nIca gotrI hotA hai tathA sAdhu bana jAne para vahI uccagotrI ho jAtA hai| lor3hA sAhaba ke anusAra vyaktitva ke moha yA ahaMbhAva rUpa mada se grasta vyakti hInatA - dInatA - dAsatA evaM paratantratA meM Abaddha rahatA hai| dAsatA yA paratantratA meM Abaddha rahanA hI nIcagotra kA udaya hai tathA usa dAsatA para vijaya prApta karanA evaM isase svataMtra honA hI uccagotra kA pratIka hai| lor3hA sAhaba likhate haiM- bhUmi, bhavana Adi jar3a, vinAzI evaM para vastuoM ke AdhAra para apanA mulyAMkana karanA dInatA kA sUcaka hai / nIca gotra kA dyotaka hai tathA bhoga se Upara uThanA arthAt sAdhutva kA honA uccagotra hai| baMdha tattva [227]

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tattvArthasUtra ke anusAra paranindA, AtmaprazaMsA, dUsaroM ke sadguNoM kA AcchAdana, asadgaNoM ko prakAzana- ye nIca gotra ke baMdha hetu haiN| isake viparIta para prazaMsA, AtmanindA, dUsaroM ke sadguNoM ko prakAzana evaM nirabhimAnatA uccagotra ke baMdha hetu hai| ____ gotra karma ke sAtha mada kA ghaniSTha sambandha hai| jo rUpa, dhana, bala, tapa, zruta Adi kA mada karatA hai vaha nIca gotra kA upArjana karatA hai tathA jo inakA mada nahIM karatA hai vaha uccagotra kA upArjana karatA hai| gotra kama kA jaba pUrNakSaya ho jAtA hai to agurulaghu guNa prakaTa hotA hai| gotrakarma pudgagalavipAkI, bhavavipAka evaM kSetravipAkI nahIM haiM, apitu jIvavipAkI hai, jIva vipAkI hone se isakA sambandha jIva ko bhAvoM se hai, zarIra kI sundaratA-asundaratA se nahIM, janma kisa ghara huA isase bhI nahIM tathA kisa Arya-anArya kSetra meM huA, isase bhI nhiiN| ___ antarAyakarma ke sambandha meM lor3hA sAhaba se sarvathA natUna cintana diyaa| hai, jo isa karma se sambaddha aneka visaMgatiyoM kA nirAkaraNa karatA hai| antarAya kA artha hai vighna / antarAya karma ke pA~ca bheda haiM-dAnAntarAya, lAbhantarAya, bhogAntarAya, upabhogAntarAya aura viiryaantraay| sAmAnyata: yaha mAnA jAtA hai ki dAna dene meM vighna dAnAntarAya, AhArAdi kA lAbha milane meM vighna lAbhAntarAya, bhoga meM bAdhA bhogAntarAya, upabhoga meM bAdhA upabhogAntarAya tathA puruSArtha karane meM vighna vIryAntarAya karma hai| ye artha aneka visaMgatiyoM se yukta haiM, kyoMki jo ina karmoM se rahita arihanta hote haiM unake kaunasA dAna, lAbha, bhoga evaM upabhoga hotA hai jo dAnAntarAya Adi ke kSaya se prApta hotA hai| vahA~ to ananta dAna, ananta lAbha, ananta bhoga, ananta upabhoga evaM anantavIrya hote haiM jo uparyukta arthoM ko mAnane para ghaTita nahIM ho pAte haiN| arihanta anantadAna kisa prakAra karate hai? unheM ananta lAbha kisa prakAra hoto hai? isI prakAra ananta bhoga evaM upabhoga unameM kisa rUpa meM ghaTita hoto haiM? anantavIrya to unameM puruSArtha kI parAkASThA ke kAraNa svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| prabuddha lekhaka zrI lor3hA sAhaba ke dAna kA artha udAratA svIkAra kiyA hai, ataH ve udAratA ke abhAva aura svArthaparatA ko dAnAntarAya mAnate haiN| dAnAntarAya ke hone para dAna dene kI bhAvanA nahIM jgtii| udAratA kI udAtta bhAvanA kA honA dAnAntarAya kA kSayopazama hai tathA udAratA kA paripUrNa ho jAnA dAnAntarAya kA [228] jainatattva sAra

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kSaya hai| anantadAnI puruSa zarIra, buddhi, jJAna, bala, yogyatA Adi apanA sarvasva jagat ke hita ke lie samarpita kara detA hai, apane sukhabhoga ke lie kucha bhI bacAkara nahIM rakhatA hai| vItarAga kI ananta karuNA, ananta maitrIbhAva evaM ananta vatsalatA anantadAna ke hI vibhinna rUpa hai| kAmanA-apUrti kI avasthA meM abhAva kA anubhava honA hI lAbhAntarAya hai| kAmanA ke na rahane para kucha bhI abhAva evaM prApta karanA zeSa nahIM rahatA hai| abhAva evaM prApta karanA zeSa na rahanA hI saccI samRddhi evaM sampannatA hai| jahA~ vItarAgatA hai vahA~ kAmanAoM kA abhAva hai, ataH vahA~ ananta lAbha hai| lAbha isalie hai ki vahA~ kucha bhI prApta karanA evaM abhAva zeSa nahIM rahatA hai| bhogAntarAya meM bhoga zabda kA artha brAhma viSayabhoga na hokara ananta saundarya hai| nija svabhAva ke sUkha kI bAdhaka icchA hI bhogAntarAya hai| bhogAntarAya ke pUrNa kSaya se ananta bhoga athavA ananta saundarya kI upalabdhi hai| yaha viSayasukha ke bhoga ke tyAga se hI prApya hai| vItarAga kA jIvana nirvikAra hotA hai, nirvikAratA meM hI ananta saundarya hai, ananta bhoga hai| Atmika bhoga-janya sukha kA bAra-bAra yA nirantara milate rahanA upabhoga hai, mAdhurya hai| isameM bAdhA utpanna honA upabhogAntarAya hai| sabake prati maitrI evaM prema kA rasa nita nUtana banA rahatA hai| yaha kSati, nivRti, apUrti, tRpti evaM atRpti se rahita vilakSaNa rasa yA sukha hai| yahI ananta upabhoga hai| vIrya zabda sAmarthya kA dyotaka hai| vItarAga kevalI ananta sAmarthyavAn haiM, yadyapi ve apane se bhinna zarIra, saMsAra Adi ko bAnane yA bigAr3ane meM samartha nahIM haiM, kisI kA maraNa TAlane, Ayu bar3hAne, kisI ke karma kATane meM bhI ve samartha nahIM haiM, kintu apane lakSya nirvANa prApta karane meM pUrNa samartha hai isake lie unheM kucha bhI karanA zeSa nahIM hai, ataH unake lezamAtra bhI antarAya karma kA udaya nahIM rahatA hai| doSoM kA tyAgane kA sAmarthya hI vIrya hai| vItarAga aise anantavIrya se yukta hote haiN| ghara-sampatti Adi kI prApti ko lAbhAntarAya karma ke kSayopazama se mAnanA tathA viSaya-bhogoM kI sAmagrI ko bhogAntarAya aura upabhogAntarAya karma ke kSayoyazama se mAnanA karma-siddhAnta evaM Agama se sammata nahIM hai| yadi lAbhAntarAya, bhogAntarAya Adi ke kSayopazama evaM kSaya se ghara-sampatti evaM bhogya baMdha tattva [ 229]

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vastuoM kI prApti ho to yathAkhyAna cAritravAn sAdhaka ke inakI viSaya-bhoga doSa hai, phira usakI pUrti meM sahAyaka sAmagrI kI upalabdhi ko antarAya karma ke kSayopazama se mAnanA bhUla hai / dAnAntarAya Adi pA~ca antarAyoM meM jitane aMzoM meM kamI hotI jAtI hai utane hI aMzoM meM udAratA, nirlobhatA, RjutA, nirvikAratA, nirdoSatA, mAdhurya evaM sAmarthya kI prapti hotI jAtI hai / jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, mohanIya aura antarAya - ina cAroM ghAtI karmoM kA paraspara ghaniSTha sambandha hai| inameM se kisI bhI eka karma kA kSayopazama, udaya aura baMdha hote hI zeSa tInoM ghAtI karmoM kA kSayopazama, baMdha aura udaya prAyaH svataH hotA hai| ina coroM karmoM meM pramukha mohanIya karma hai| usake kAraNa hI anta tIna karmoM ko kSayopazama hotA hai tathA moha kA kSaya hone para zeSa tIna ghAtI karmoM kA bhI kSaya ho jAtA hai / jitanI rAga- dveSa - moha meM kamI hotI hai utane hI vikalpa ghaTate haiM / vikalpoM ke ghaTane se nirvikalpatA AtI hai, jo darzanAvaraNa karma ke kSayopazama se prApta hotI hai| vikalpoM ke ghaTane se citta zAnta hotA hai, zAnta citta meM vicAra kA udaya hotA hai, jJAna kA prakAza prakaTa hotA hai ArthAt jJAnAvaraNa karma kA kSayopazama hotA hai / moha- dveSa ke ghaTane se vastuoM ko pAne kI kAmanA tathA bhoga karane kI icchA kama hotI hai| icchAeM jitanI kama hotI haiM, utanA hI abhAva kA anubhava kama hotA hai / abhAva kA kama anubhava honA antarAya karma kA kSayopazama hai / rAga baMdhatattva ke vivecana ke nimitta se jaina karma siddhAnta kI aneka mAnyatAoM kA isa pustaka me punarIkSaNa ho gayA hai / karma - siddhAnta viSayaka kaI bhrAntiyA~ nirAkRta huI haiM tathA karma - prakRtiyoM ke nUtana artha prasphuTita hue haiN| ina arthoM meM zraddheya lor3hA sAhaba kI sAdhanA evaM vicArazIlatA kI spaSTa chApa dRggocara hotI hai| AzA hai pAThaka isase lAbhAnvita hoMge tathA vidvajjagat meM bhI yaha pustaka aneka navIna sthApanAoM ko janma dene meM sakSama banegI evaM vidvAn pracalita asaMgata arthoM kA nirAkaraNa anubhava kara vicAra ke kSetra meM eka kadama Age rakha sakeMge / yaha pustaka jaina darzana ke karma - siddhAnta viSayaka vivecana ke kSetra meM eka navIna caraNa - nikSepa hai jisakA Aza hai vidvajjana svAgata kreNge| [230] jainatattva sAra

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mokSa tattva mokSa kA svarUpa evaM mahattva jaina dharma meM mAnava-bhava kI sArthakatA va saphalatA 'mokSa prApta karanA' kahA hai| mokSa kA artha hai duHkhoM va doSoM se sarvathA mukta honaa| mokSa kA mArga batAyA hai samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra ko yathA- samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritrANi mokssmaargH| samyagdarzana ke abhAva meM samyagjJAna-cAritra nahIM hote haiN| samyak darzana kA AdhAra bheda-vijJAna hai, bheda-vijJAna kA artha hai apane Atma-svarUpa ko zarIra-saMsAra Adi se bhinna samajhanA aura deha se Atma-svarUpa ke bhinnatva kA anubhava krnaa| deha se Atma-svarUpa ke bhinnatva kA anubhava honA hI kAyotsarga hai| isIlie jainadharma kI sAdhanA-paddhati meM kAyotsarga ko sAdhanA kA caramotkarSa kahA hai| jainadharma meM samyagdarzana ke abhAva meM samyagjJAna va samyakcAritra nahIM mAnA hai| jisa jJAna va cAritra kA lakSya bheda-vijJAna arthAt deha aura AtmA ko bhinna anubhava karanA hai vaha jJAna va cAritra sAdhanA ke antargata AtA hai| mAnava mAtra kA lakSya zAnti, mukti (svAdhInatA), prIti (prasannatA), amaratva evaM duHkharahita sthAyI-zAzvata sukha prApta karanA hai| isa lakSya kI pUrti kisI vastu, vyakti, paristhiti Adi se sambhava nahIM hai| kAraNa ki inake sAtha azAnti, parAdhInatAparAzraya, nIrasatA, vinAza, viyoga Adi ke duHkha lage hI rahate haiM, jo kisI bhI mAnava ko svabhAva se hI iSTa nahIM hai| lakSya use kahate haiM jisakI pUrti sambhava ho| lakSya kI pUrti meM hI mAnava-jIvana kI sArthakatA evaM saphalatA hai| isalie lakSya kI pUrti anivArya hai| mokSa tattva [231]

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mAnava jIvana kA lakSya sthAyI, zAzvata sukha prApta karanA hai| zarIra, indriya, mana va saMsAra kI samasta vastue~ nAzavAna haiM / ataH jo svayaM hI nAzavAna haiM, unase sthAyI-avinAzI zAzvata sukha kI prApti kadApi sambhava nahIM hai| ataH inase zAzvata sukha prApta karane ke lie prayatna karanA vyartha hai / yaha hI nahIM, ina bhogoM ke sukha meM parAdhInatA, zakti - hInatA, jar3atA, asamarthatA, abhAva, nIrasatA, viyoga Adi agaNita duHkha lage hue haiM jo kisI bhI mAnava ko iSTa nahIM haiN| ataH inase sukhaprApti kA tyAga karane meM kisI bhI prakAra kA ahita nahIM hai, pratyuta hita hI hai| ataH zarIra, indriya, mana, buddhi Adi se milane vAle sukha kA tyAga karanA mAnava kA parama puruSArtha hai| ina sukhoM kA tyAga karate hI parAdhInatA, zaktihInatA, viyoga Adi ke duHkhoM kA bhI svataH aMta ho jAtA hai jo mAnava mAtra ko iSTa hai / ata: inake sukhoM ke tyAga meM hI hita hai / indriya, zarIra, mana Adi ke viSaya - sukhoM ko tyAgate hI sabhI duHkhoM kA aMta ho jAtA hai| sukha-duHkha se atIta hote hI usa alaukika sukha jise Ananda kahate haiM, usakA anubhava hotA hai / yaha sukha yA Ananda parAzrita evaM nazvara padArthoM para AdhArita nahIM hone se tathA svataH prApta hone se svAdhIna, avinAzI va ananta hotA hai| isa prakAra indriya-viSaya - sukha ke tyAgane mAtra se hI mAnava kI mA~ga kI pUrti ho jAtI hai| viSaya - sukha ko bhogane meM pravRtti, zrama, parAzraya, paristhiti, deza, kAla Adi apekSita haiN| ata: inakI pUrti ho hI, yaha Avazyaka nahIM hai, parantu viSaya - sukhoM ke tyAga meM zrama va parAzraya kI, kisI vastu, vyakti, paristhiti, deza, kAla Adi kI lezamAtra bhI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / AvazyakatA hai inase asaMga hone kI, inake sukha ke pralobhana ke tyAga kI / inase asaMga honA tapa hai aura tapa kA pariNAma mukti hai| prANI ke janma kA mukhya kAraNa bhoga hai / bhoga hai apane se bhinna se jur3akara sukha lenA / pratyeka prANI janma lete hI zarIra va indriya ke viSayoM kA bhoga prArambha karatA hai| phira jaise-jaise indriyoM kI kSamatA va prANazakti meM vRddhi hotI jAtI hai vaise-vaise viSaya-bhogoM ke sukhoM meM Asakta hotA jAtA hai| vaha viSaya - sukha evaM unake sAdhana zarIra-indriya Adi ke astitva ko hI apanA astitva mAnatA hai| vaha mAnatA hai ki deha hI jIvana hai / vaha deha aura indriyoM se milane vAle bhogoM ke sukha ko sthAyI, sundara va sukhada mAnatA hai aura inakI prApti ke lie tathA prApta sAmagrI [232] jainatattva sAra

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ko surakSita rakhane ke lie satata prayatnazIla rahatA hai| yaha sthiti eka kozIya prANI se lekara arthAt ekendriya jIva se lekara paMcendriya evaM samanaska sabhI jIvoM kI hai| unake jIvana kA uddezya viSaya-sukhoM kA bhoga hI hai| bhoga ke sAdhana haiM- kAna, nayana, ghrANa, rasanA, sparzana, mana, vacana, kAyA kI zakti tathA AyuSya va shvaasocchvaas| inake bala yA zakti ko 'prANa' kahA hai| inameM bala nahIM rahane para ye niSprANa-mRta ho jAte haiN| jo bhogamaya jIvana bitAte haiM unako 'bhogI' kahA gayA hai| bhogI indriyoM ke anukUla-manojJa viSayoM se prApta sukha va usake prati rAga; tathA pratikUla amanojJa viSayoM ke prabhAva se hone vAle duHkha arthAt usake prati dveSa se AkrAnta rahatA hai| rAga-dveSa meM Abaddha prANI sukha-duHkha kA bhoga karatA hI rahatA hai| sukha-duHkha ke bhoga se utpanna rAga-dveSa se navIna saMskAroM kA nirmANa-sarjana hotA rahatA hai| ise hI navIna karmoM kA baMdha honA kahA hai| isa prakAra sAdhAraNa prANI karmoM ke evaM saMsAra ke pravAha meM bahatA rahatA hai, bhramaNa karatA rahatA hai| jo mAnava bhogI prANI ke samAna bhautika-paudgalika, aindriyaka sukhoM meM Abaddha rahatA hai vaha pazu tulya hai| mAnava vaha hai jo indriya-sukhoM kI yathArthatAasthAyitva-kSaNabhaMguratA, azucitva (sar3ana-vidhvaMsana-asundara) tathA viyoga ke duHkha kA anubhava kara inheM tyAgane kA puruSArtha karatA hai| viSaya-sukhoM ke prati rAgadveSa ke arthAt kaSAyoM ke tyAga kA puruSArtha karane vAlA hI puruSa hai, mAnava hai| indriya-viSayasukha ke rAga ko tyAgane para zarIra evaM zarIra se sambandhita saMgaThana, upakaraNa evaM bhogya sAmagrI kI dAsatA miTa jAtI hai| indriya sukhoM-viSayoM kI dAsatA miTate hI saMsAra kI dAsatA miTa jAtI haiM, jisase alaukika Ananda kA anubhava hotA hai| indriyoM kI dAsatA miTane para kaSAya va karane kA rAga (kartRtva bhAva) miTa jAtA hai aura karane kA rAga miTane para karma se asaMgatA ho jAtI hai arthAt karma kA vyutsarga ho jAtA hai| vyutsarga honA dAsatA, parAdhInatA baMdhana kA miTa jAnA hai jisase Izvaratva kA, svAdhInatA kA tathA mukti kA anubhava hotA hai| yaha anubhava svAbhAvika hone se isakA aMta yA nAza kabhI nahIM hotA hai, ye sadA ke lie ho jAte haiN| isa anubhava ko hI saba dharmoM meM nirvANa, siddha va mukta honA kahA hai| ___ mAnava-jIvana mukta hone ke lie hI milA hai| pazuvat prANI ke samAna bhoga bhogane ke lie mAnava-jIvana nahIM milA hai| mAnavamAtra ko yaha vidita hai ki jisa mokSa tattva [233]

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viSaya-bhoga ke sukha ko vaha sthAyI, sundara va sukhada samajhatA thA vaha sukha naSTa ho gayA, azuci meM, sar3ana - galana meM, vidhvaMsana meM badala gayA, evaM usake saMyoga kA sukha viyoga ke duHkha meM badala gyaa| pratyeka viSaya - sukha kI yahI yathArthatA hai| isakA yathArtha jJAna hI zrutajJAna hai / mAnava apane isa yathArtha jJAna kA, zrutajJAna kA Adara kara viSaya-sukhoM ko tyAgane kA puruSArtha kara mukta ho sakatA hai| navIna viSaya-sukhoM ke tyAgane kA puruSArtha karanA saMvara- saMyama kI sAdhanA hai aura prApta viSaya-sukhoM kI dAsatA se mukta hone ke lie unase sambandha-viccheda karanA, asaMga (niHsaMga) honA hI tapa sAdhanA hai| navIna - viSaya - sukhoM ke tyAga (saMvara) se navIna karmoM kA baMdha nahIM hotA hai aura tapa se vidyamAna sattA meM sthita karmoM kA baMdhana TUTakara unakI nirjarA ho jAtI hai| karmoM ke baMdhanoM kA sarvAMza meM nAza ho jAnA hI mukta honA hai / tapa kA lakSya hai zarIra, saMsAra, kaSAya, karma kA vyutsarga krnaa| saMyama yA saMvara kA pAlana tapa kI bhUmikA hai| saMvarazIla-saMyama kI bhUmikA meM hI tapa rUpa vRkSa utpanna hotA va panapatA hai, jisakI pUrNatA dhyAna hai| dhyAna se zarIra, saMsAra, kaSAya va karma se atIta hone kA sAmarthya AtA hai| inase atIta honA hI mukta honA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki mAnava - jIvana kI sArthakatA va saphalatA mukta hone meM hI hai / mAnava janma pAkara bhI mukta nahIM honA apanA ghora ahita karanA hai, mAnava jIvana vyartha khonA hai| mukta hone meM mAnava mAtra samartha evaM svAdhIna hai, vaha jisa kSaNa cAhe, jaba cAhe, jahA~ cAhe usI kSaNa vahIM mukta ho sakatA hai| kAraNa ki mukta hone ke lie viSaya - sukhoM kI nazvaratA, parAdhInatA, dAsatA, viyoga, azucitva, asAratA kA nijajJAna- zrutajJAna mAnava mAtra ko svataH prApta hai / guru aura grantha ke jJAna kI sArthakatA nijajJAna - zrutajJAna ke Adara meM hI nihita hai / anitya, azaraNa, saMsAra Adi kisI eka bhAvanA ke cintana se viSaya - sukhoM kI vyarthatA ko jAnakara inake prati virakta hokara, ananta jIva mukta hue haiN| mukti- amaratva-nirvANa sAdhanA kA lakSya yA phala mukti, amaratva va nirvANarUpa sAdhya ko prApta karanA hai, jisakA upAya hai vItarAgatA arthAt rAga kA tyAga / vinAzI ke rAga ke tyAga se amaratva, 'para' ke rAga ke tyAga se mukti, saMskAra (karma) ke rAga ke tyAga se nirvANa kI anubhUti yA upalabdhi hotI hai| jaisA ki mukta (siddha) jIvoM kA varNana karate hue jainadarzana meM kahA hai [234] jainatattva sAra

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jaha savvakAmaguNiyaM, puriso bhottUNa bhoyaNaM koI / taNhAchuhAvimukko, acchejja jahA amiyatitto // iya savvakAmatittA, atulaM nivvANamuvagayA siddhA / sAsayamavvAbAhaM ciTThati suhI suhaM pattA // siddhatiya buddhattiya, pAragaya tti ya paraMparagaya tti / ummukkakammakavayA, ajarA amarA asaMgA y|| NicchiNasavvadukkhA, jAijarAmaraNabaMdhaNavimukkA / avvAbAhaM sukkhaM, aNuhoMti sAsayaM siddhA // aupapAtika sUtra - gAthA saM. 18, 19, 20, 21 arthAt jisa prakAra sarva prakAra se abhIpsita guNa vAle bhojana ko karake manuSya bhUkha evaM pyAsa se mukta ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra siddha amRta se tRpta hokara virAjate haiN| ve atula nirvANa ko prApta kara saba kAloM meM tRpta rahate haiM tathA zAzvata evaM avyAbAdha sukha ko prApta kara sukhI rahate haiM / ve siddha, buddha, pAraMgata aura paramparAgata (paramparA se pAra gaye hue) kahalAte haiM / karmadala se unmukta hokara ve ajara, amara evaM asaMga ho jAte haiM, saba duHkhoM se rahita hokara ve janma, jarA, maraNa evaM bandhana se mukta ho jAte haiM tathA ve siddha avyAbAdha evaM zAzvata sukha kA anubhava karate haiN| sAdhanA meM mahattva hai vItarAgatA kA / jo bhI vItarAga patha hai, jisase rAga galatA hai, ghaTatA hai, dUra hotA hai tathA vItarAgatA kI ora pragati hotI hai, vahI sAdhanA hai, vahI mokSamArga hai| vItarAga mArga naisargika niyamoM para AdhArita hai, ataH yaha sArvajanIna, sArvadezika, sArvakAlika satya hai, yaha kisI sampradAya, jAti, varNa, vAda va paramparA se baMdhA nahIM hai| jo bhI ise apanAtA hai usakA kalyANa hotA hai, use tatkAla zAMti, mukti, prasannatA kI anubhUti hotI hai| isake viparIta jo sAdhanA vItarAgatA ke viruddha ho, vItarAgatA kI ora na bar3hAtI ho, rAga-nivRtti meM sahAyaka na ho, rAgautpAdaka va rAgavarddhaka ho, vaha sAdhanA nahIM hai, virAdhanA hai / vaha tyAjya hai| sAdhanA meM mUlya vItarAgatA kA hai, kisI sAdhanA - vizeSa kA nahIM / jisase rAga, dveSa, moha miTe, vItarAgatA kA poSaNa ho vahI sAdhanA hai / vahI svIkArya hai| ataH sAdhanA-patha meM jo bAta jisa kisI ko jahA~ kahIM bhI vItarAgatA ko puSTa mokSa tattva [235]

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karane vAle tathya ke rUpa meM jJAta ho use grahaNa karanA cAhie aura jo vItarAgatA ke viparIta lage use asAdhana samajhakara chor3a denA cAhiye / sAdhanA meM bhI aneka matabheda, vicArabheda, arthabheda, samajhabheda ho sakate haiN| unheM eka ora rakhate hue sAdhaka ko kevala vItarAgatA kA samarthana karane vAle sUtroM ko hI aMgIkAra karanA cAhiye; isI meM kalyANa hai, nirvANa hai, vimukti hai / vaijJAnika vikAsa ke sAtha bhogoM kI vipula sAmagrI upalabdha hotI jA rahI hai| bhogecchA kI vRddhi ke sAtha lAbha, lobha, saMgraha, mAna, mada, svArthaparatA, saMkIrNatA, hRdayahInatA, kaThoratA, akarmaNyatA, akarttavya Adi doSoM kI bhayaMkara rUpa meM vRddhi hotI hai| jisake pariNAmasvarUpa abhAva, tanAva, dabAva, dvandva, dInabhAva, hInabhAva, nIrasatA, nirbalatA, asamarthatA, prANazakti kA hrAsa, saMgharSa, zArIrika aura mAnasika roga Adi duHkhoM kI bhayAvaha abhivRddhi ho rahI hai jo mAnavajAti ke astitva ko khatare meM DAla sakatI haiN| ataH mAnavajAti ko bacAne ke liye aise mArga kI AvazyakatA hai jo nija anubhava va jJAna para tathA nisarga va kAraNa- kArya ke niyamoM para AdhArita ho, aisA mArga mokSa mArga hai / samasta duHkhoM se sadA ke lie sarvathA mukta honA, avinAzI paramAnanda kA anubhava karanA hai / yaha tabhI sambhava hai jaba duHkhoM ke kAraNa rUpa 'doSoM- pApoM' kA tyAga kara pUrNa nirdoSa ho, karmoM kA kSaya kiyA jaay| isake lie zubhayoga, saMvara evaM nirjarA kI sAdhanA Avazyaka hai / jisase AtmA nirdoSa ho, pavitra ho, vaha puNya hai| navIna karmoM ke Asrava va baMdha kA nirodha karanA arthAt navIna karma-baMdha ko rokanA saMvara hai aura pUrva upArjita pApa karmoM kA kSaya karanA nirjarA hai / nirjarA se karmoM kA Atyantika kSaya honA mokSa hai / prANimAtra kI mA~ga du:kha - mukti aura sukhaprApti kI hai, parantu duHkha na cAhane para bhI A jAtA hai aura sukha ko surakSita rakhanA cAhane para bhI calA jAtA hai| du:kha ke Ane va sukha ke jAne para kisI kA niyantraNa nahIM hai| jisa para kisI kA niyantraNa nahIM hai, jo prakRti se svataH A jA rahA hai vaha kisI ke lie hAnikAraka nahIM ho sktaa| prakRti kA yaha kArya mAnava kI bhUla miTAne ke lie hai| vaha bhUla hai apane svabhAva ke, mA~ga ke yA sAdhya ke viparIta kArya karanA / sabhI mAnavoM ko svabhAva se hI zAnti, mukti (svAdhInatA) prIti, pUrNatA, amaratva, nirbhayatA, nizciMtatA iSTa hai| kisI ko bhI azAnti, parAdhInatA (baMdhana), dveSa, abhAva, vinAza, bhaya, [236] jaitattva sA

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cintA, dvandva, iSTa nahIM hai| yaha jJAna sabhI ko svabhAva se hai| yaha jJAna svAbhAvika hone se svabhAva hai, svabhAva hone se isakI pUrti honA arthAt anubhava honA hI sAdhya kI upalabdhi evaM siddhi prApta karanA hai| yahI siddhi siddhoM kA svarUpa va guNa hai| yaha zruta jJAna hai| kisI kI dena nahIM hone se apauruSeya, advitIya, anupama hai| isa prakAra svabhAva, svabhAva kA jJAna, zrutajJAna, sAdhya, siddhi va siddhoM kA svarUpa, inameM jAtIya ekatA hai| eka hI vastu ke vibhinna rUpa yA AyAma hai| isa jJAna meM kisI bhI jIva ko vikalpa va tarka nahIM hone se yaha jJAna sarvamAnya hai, sArvajanIna hai, sarvakAla meM vidyamAna hone se sanAtana hai, zAzvata hai, satya hai| isakA anubhava karanA hI satya kA, avinAzI tattva kA, mukti kA anubhava karanA hai| mukti : dehAtIta honA ____ mukti prApti hai deha meM rahate hue deha se sambandha-viccheda honaa| dehAbhimAna rahita hote hI svataH nirvAsanA A jAtI hai| vAsanA rahita hote hI mana meM nirvikalpatA, buddhi meM samatA, hRdaya meM nirbhayatA aura citta meM prasannatA svataH AjAtI hai| mana kI nirvikalpatA tathA buddhi kI samatA saba prakAra ke dvandvoM kA anta karane meM samartha hai| dvandvoM kA anta hote hI nissaMdehatA tathA prema kI prApti hotI hai| nissaMdehatA se tattvabodha aura prema se nita nUtana-ananta sukha kI upalabdhi hotI hai| apane ko deha mAna lene se deha se tAdAtmya ho jAtA hai, dehAbhimAna ho jAtA hai| dehAbhimAna hone para vastu, vyakti, avasthA se sambandha sthApita ho jAtA hai aura prANI inakI dAsatA meM Abaddha ho jAtA hai| vastuoM kI dAsatA lobha, vyaktiyoM kI dAsatA moha, avasthA kI dAsatA jar3atA utpanna karatI hai| lobha, moha tathA jar3atA meM Abaddha prANI paristhitiyoM kA dAsa ho jAtA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki apane ko deha mAna lene athavA deha ko apanA mAna lene se paristhitiyoM kI dAsatA utpanna hotI hai jo dehabhAva ko, deha se tadrUpatA ko puSTa karatI hai| yadi deha kI nazvaratA, azucitva Adi kI vAstavikatA ko jAnakara dehabhAva kA tyAga kara diyA jAya to hamArA mAnA huA 'maiM' tathA 'merApana' miTa jAtA hai| jisake miTate hI apane se bhinna padArthoM se mAne hue maiM, merepana tathA tAdAtmya rUpa sambandhoM kA sadA ke lie viccheda ho jAtA hai, tadanantara zarIra, indriya, mana, buddhi Adi sabhI se apanI bhinnatA kA anubhava ho jAtA hai| phira viSaya-vAsanA, kaSAya va moha kA sadA ke lie anta (kSaya) ho jAtA hai aura sAdhaka apane saccidAnanda svarUpa meM sthita ho jAtA hai| mokSa tattva [237]

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sArAMza yaha hai ki 'maiM' deha (kAyA) hU~, deha (kAyA) meM 'maiM'-pana honA, deha meM ahaMtva honA, dehAbhimAna hai| dehAbhimAna hI samasta doSoM kI jar3a hai| doSoM se hI samasta du:khoM kI utpatti hotI hai| koI du:kha aisA nahIM hai jisakA kAraNa koI doSa nahIM ho aura doSa kA kAraNa deha se sambandhita indriya, mana, buddhi ke viSayoM kI sukhAsakti evaM dehAbhimAna hai| dehAbhimAna se deha ke aMga indriya, mana aura buddhi meM jIvana-buddhi ho jAtI hai, jo inake viSayoM ke bhogajanya sukha kI Asakti meM Abaddha karatI hai| sukhAsakti dehAbhimAna ko puSTa karatI hai| deha kA sambandha zarIra ke aMga, indriya, mana, buddhi, vastu Adi nazvara, parivartanazIla va jar3a padArthoM se hone se, dehAbhimAna amaratva se mRtyu kI ora, cetanatA se jar3atA kI ora le jAtA hai| ataH hameM amaratva ko, pUrNa caitanya ko, tattvabodha ko prApta karane kI ora gati karanA hai to vivekapUrvaka dehAbhimAna kA anta karanA hogaa| dehAbhimAna kA anta karane ke lie indriyoM ke viSayoM ke dvArA jo sukha milatA hai, citta ke cintana dvArA jo sukha milatA hai, sthiratA athavA jar3atA dvArA buddhi ke abhimAna dvArA jo sukha milatA hai, inakA va anya samasta sukhoM kI Asakti kA tyAga karanA hogaa| ye saba prakAra ke sukha dehAbhimAna ke AdhAra para hI bhoge jAte haiM, ataH jaba taka jIvana meM sukha-lolupatA rahegI, taba taka dehAbhimAna kA, kAyA meM jIvana-buddhi kA anta nahIM ho skegaa| sukha-lolupatA ne hI hameM dehAbhimAna meM Abaddha kiyA hai| sukha-lolupatA kA anta karane ke lie hI Atma-nirIkSaNa aMtaryAtrA kI sAdhanA kI jAtI hai| sAdhanA se jaise-jaise sukha-lolupatA rUpa tRSNA miTatI jAtI hai, vaise-vaise dehAbhimAna svataH galatA jAtA hai| dehAbhimAna jitanA galatA va ghaTatA jAtA hai utanA hI bhoga-pravRtti, sukha-sAmagrI kI saMgraha vRtti, karma-bandhana, kaSAya va saMsAra kA sambandha TUTatA jAtA hai| sarvAMza meM dehAbhimAna kA nirodha ho jAne para karma, kaSAya, saMsAra, viSayAsakti kA, tRSNA kA niSedha ho jAtA hai| jisake hote hI dehAtIta, indriyAtIta, lokAtIta alaukika jIvana kI anubhUti ho jAtI hai| yaha hI nirvANa hai| isI meM jIvana kI sArthakatA va saphalatA hai| prANI kA sabase adhika ghaniSTha sambandha zarIra se hotA hai| usake sAre kriyA-kalApa, bhoga-paribhoga zarIra ke Azraya se hI hote haiN| use zarIra kA astitva apanA astitva pratIta hotA hai| deha ke prati Atma-buddhi (apanApana) itanA dRr3ha ho jAtA hai ki 'maiM deha hU~' use aisA AbhAsa hotA hai| deha meM aisA ahaMtva va dehAbhimAna [238] jainatattva sAra

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hone se hI kAmanAoM-mamatAoM Adi samasta viSaya-kaSAya rUpa tRSNA kI utpatti hotI hai| dehAbhimAna kA nAza karanA ahaMzUnya honA hai| deha meM ahaMtva ('maiM' pana) va apanatva (mamatva) hone se dehAbhimAna utpanna hotA hai| dehAbhimAna se zarIra aura saMsAra se sukha lene kI lAlasA utpanna hotI hai, jo zarIra aura saMsAra kI dAsatA meM Abaddha kara detI hai| viveka ke prakAza meM dekhane se inakI anityatA kA bodha hotA hai, jisase inase virakti hotI hai| virakti inakI Asakti ko kSINa kara deha kI dAsatA se sadA ke lie mukta kara detI hai| deha se sadA ke lie mukta honA hI janma-maraNa bhavabhramaNa se mukti honA, mokSa prApta karanA hai| deha ke sAtha janma, jarA, maraNa, roga Adi duHkha lage hue haiM tathA zarIra kA indriya, mana, vastuoM se, saMsAra se sambandha sthApita hotA hai, yaha hI bandha hai| sAdhanA kA lakSya mukti prApta karanA hai arthAt sarva duHkhoM evaM bandhanoM se mukta honA hai| muktiprApti kI do sAdhanAe~ kahI gaI haiM-saMvara aura nirjarA / jaise kisI gaDDhe meM gandA jala bharA huA hai to use sukhAne ke do upAya haiM-1. nayA jala na Ane denA aura 2. vidyamAna jala ko sUrya ke tApa se vASpa banAkara ur3A denaa| isI prakAra karma kSaya karane ke do upAya hai-1. saMvara aura 2. nirjraa| naye karmoM ke bandha hone (saMskAra nirmANa va aMkita hone) ko rokane ke lie viSaya-kaSAya Adi duSpravRttiyoM (pApa pravRttiyoM) kA tyAganA yA saMvaraNa karanA saMvara-sAdhanA hai evaM pUrva-jIvana meM viSayabhogoM kI sukhAsakti se zarIra, saMsAra, karma aura kaSAya ke saMga va sambandha jor3ane se jo karma-saMskAra aMkita hue, karma-bandha hue, ve saMskAra va karma aMtastala meM sattA meM vidyamAna haiM unase viveka (jJAna) pUrvaka sambandha-viccheda karane se unake bandha kA nAza ho jAnA, jarjarita hokara nirjarita ho jAnA nirjarA hai| nirjarA-sAdhanA vaisA hI kArya karatI hai jaisA sUrya kA tApa gaDDhe ke gande jala ke zoSaNa (naSTa) karane meM karatA hai, ataH nirjarA-sAdhanA kA dUsarA nAma tapasAdhanA hai| tapa-sAdhanA se zarIra, saMsAra, karma aura kaSAya se atIta hone se nirvANa kI abhivyakti hotI hai| mukti : AdhyAtmika upalabdhiyA~ / samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra evaM tapa rUpa sAdhanA se jIva ke guNoM ke ghAtaka cAra ghAtikarmoM kA kSaya hotA hai, jisase aThAraha doSa kSaya hote haiM evaM navalabdhiyA~ prakaTa hotI haiN| mokSa tattva [239]

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aThAraha doSa-kSaya - jJAnAvaraNa karma ke kSaya se ajJAna doSa kA kSaya evaM darzanAvaraNa karma ke kSaya se darzana doSa kA kSaya hotA hai| mohanIya karma ke kSaya se krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, rAga, dveSa, hAsya, rati, arati, zoka, bhaya, jugupsA, kAmavikAra ye gyAraha doSa kSaya hote haiN| antarAya karma ke kSaya se dAnAntarAya, lAbhAntarAya, bhogAntarAya, upayogAntarAya evaM vIryAntarAya ina pA~ca doSoM kA kSaya hotA hai| nava upalabdhiyA~ upalabdhi use kahA jAtA hai jisa para hamArA svatantra va pUrNa adhikAra ho arthAt jise anya koI bhI bAdhA na pahu~cA sake, chIna na ske| jo vastu hamAre na cAhane para bhI hama se chIna lI jAya yA nAza ho jAya, anta ko prApta ho jAya, jisa para hamArA svatantra adhikAra nahIM ho, use upalabdhi nahIM kahA jA sktaa| uparyukta dRSTi se vicAra kareM to dhana-sampatti, bhUmi-bhavana Adi vastuoM para hamArA adhikAra hai hI nahIM, kyoMki inheM rAjya chIna sakatA hai, cora curA sakatA hai| ye vyApAra kI hAni meM yA karje meM jA sakatI haiM, Aga se, bAr3ha se, bhUkampa se, tUphAna se, yuddha se kSaNa-bhara meM naSTa ho sakatI haiN| inakA kisI-na-kisI dina anta avazyambhAvI hai| ye antarahita 'ananta' nahIM haiN| ataH ina para hamArA svatantra adhikAra nahIM hai| yahA~ taka ki jisa zarIra ke astitva se hama jIvita haiM, usa para bhI hamArA adhikAra nahIM hai| yadi isa para hamArA adhikAra hotA to hama isameM roga na hone dete, kAle bAla sapheda na hone dete, kAna, A~kha kI zakti kSINa na hone dete, mala-mUtra, zleSma-sveda jaisI gandI vastue~ paidA na hone dete, bur3hApA va mRtyu ko na Ane dete| parantu ye saba hamAre na cAhane va rokane kA lAkha prayatna karane para bhI A hI jAte haiN| tAtparya yaha hai ki hamArA zarIra para vAstavika adhikAra nahIM hai, mAnA huA adhikAra hai| jisa para hamArA vAstavika adhikAra nahIM hai, vaha vAstavika upalabdhi nahIM hai, upalabdhi kA AbhAsa mAtra hai| vAstavika upalabdhi to vaha hai jo eka bAra prApta ho jAne para sadA ke lie upalabdha ho jaaye| jo phira kabhI anupalabdhi meM na badale, arthAt jisakA phira kabhI vinAza yA anta (abhAva) na ho| aisI upalabdhi parivartanazIla, kSaNika, anitya, nazvara, paudgalika padArthoM se to sambhava nahIM hai| kAraNa ki ye padArtha anitya, nazvara, antayukta va abhAva rUpa hone se mUlyahIna va [240] jainatattva sAra

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arthahIna haiN| hameM jo inakA mUlya, mahattva yA artha pratIta ho rahA hai vaha inase sukha lene ke rAga se ho rahA hai / anyathA ye saba mUlyahIna va arthahIna hI haiN| jinheM inase sukha nahIM cAhie, unake lie abhI bhI, yahIM para ye padArtha mUlyahIna va arthahIna hI haiN| jo mUlyahIna va arthahIna haiM unakI upalabdhi koI artha nahIM rakhatI, vaha anupalabdhi rUpa hI hai| use upalabdhi nahIM kahA jA sktaa| ataH jo isa mithyA upalabdhi ke rAga kA tyAga kara vItarAga ho jAtA hai, use jo svataH sahaja, svAbhAvika upalabdhi kI abhivyakti hotI hai vaha hI sadA rahane vAlI, antarahita, ananta va zAzvata upalabdhi hai / vaha hI vAstavika upalabdhi haiN| ye upalabdhiyA~ vinAzI, antayukta paudgalika padArthoM para nirbhara nahIM haiN| avinAzI cetana tattva kI abhivyaktiyA~ haiM; ataH ananta haiM / inhIM upalabdhiyoM kA mahattva hai| vItarAgatA se abhivyakta hone vAlI aisI hI upalabdhiyoM ko yahA~ prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai, yathA 'dANe, lAbhe, bhoge, paribhoge, vIrie ya sammatte Nava kevala-laddhIo daMsaNa - NANaM caritte ya / ' (dhavalA 1/1, 1, gAthA 58/64) arthAt 1. dAna, 2. lAbha, 3. bhoga, 4. paribhoga, 5. vIrya, 6. samyaktva, 7. darzana, 8. jJAna aura 9. cAritra - ye nau 'kevala' labdhiyA~ haiM / inheM 'kevala' isalie kahA gayA hai ki ye labdhiyA~ 'kevala' zuddha haiM, nirdoSa haiM, pUrNa haiM, ananta haiN| inameM doSa lezamAtra bhI nahIM hai / inameM se samyaktva aura cAritra labdhi moha ke kSaya se, darzana labdhi darzanAvaraNIya karma ke kSaya se evaM jJAna kI labdhi jJAna ke AvaraNa ke kSaya se abhivyakta hotI hai / uparyukta nau labdhiyoM meM se 1. dAna, 2. lAbha, 3. bhoga, 4. paribhoga aura 5. vIrya ina pA~ca kA sambandha antarAya karma ke kSaya se hai / kSAyika samyaktva vItarAga honA tabhI sambhava hai jaba bhUlarUpa mithyA mAnyatAoM kA arthAt mithyAtva kA pUrNa rUpa se nAza yA kSaya ho jAtA hai / bhUla yA mithyAtva kA sambandha apane 1. svarUpa, 2. sAdhakatva, 3. svabhAva, 4. sAdhanA aura 5 sAdhya-siddhi Adi ke viSaya meM mithyA mAnyatAoM se hotA hai, yathA 1. apane ko deha rUpa mAnanA jIva ko ajIva mAnane rUpa mithyA mAnyatA hai / 2. zarIra, dhana-sampatti Adi jar3a padArthoM kI upalabdhi ko jIvana mAnanA ajIva ko jIva mAnane rUpa mithyAtva hai / 1 mokSa tattva [241]

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3. viSaya-bhogoM ke tyAgI ko du:khI mAnanA sAdhaka ko asAdhaka mAnane rUpa mithyAtva hai| 4. viSaya-vikAra se grasta ko sukhI mAnanA asAdhu ko sAdhu mAnane rUpa mithyAtva hai| 5. tyAga ko asvAbhAvika mAnanA dharma ko adharma mAnane rUpa mithyAtva hai| 6. viSaya-vikAra yA bhoga ko svAbhAvika va naisargika mAnanA adharma ko dharma mAnane rUpa mithyAtva hai| 7. rAga yA kAmanApUrti meM sukha mAnanA duHkha meM sukha mAnane rUpa mithyAtva hai| 8. rAga ke tyAga meM duHkha mAnanA sukha meM duHkha mAnane rUpa mithyAtva hai| 9. bhUmi, bhavana, dhana-sampatti Adi para-padArthoM ke Azraya (parAdhInatA) yA prApti se apane ko svAdhIna mAnanA amukta ko mukta mAnane rUpa mithyAtva hai| 10. dehAtIta, lokAtIta pUrNa svAdhIna avasthA ko sukhahIna va du:kha rUpa avasthA mAnanA mukta ko amukta mAnane rUpa mithyAtva hai| ina saba mithyA mAnyatAoM ke Atyantika kSaya yA nAza se arthAt kSAyika samyagdarzana se hI vItarAgatA kI ora caraNa bar3hate haiN| ata: vItarAgatA ke sAtha kSAyika samyaktva kI upalabdhi pahale se hI vidyamAna rahatI hai| jaba taka ina mithyA mAnyatAoM kA udaya rahatA hai, vItarAgatA kI ora eka kadama bhI bar3hanA sambhava nahIM hai| ananta darzana rAga ke sAtha saMkalpa-vikalpa jur3e hue haiN| saMkalpa-vikalpa ke sAtha jar3atA jur3I huI hai| 'jar3atA', "cinmaya' guNa kI vighAtaka va Avaka hai| ataH jar3atA kA honA hI darzana guNa para AvaraNa AnA hai| jaise-jaise vikalpa kama hote haiM, vaise-vaise darzana para Ae AvaraNa meM kamI hotI jAtI hai tathA cinmayatA-cetanatA guNa prakaTa hotA jAtA hai| rAga kA sarvathA abhAva ho jAne para, vItarAgatA Ane para pUrNa nirvikalpatA A jAtI hai| jisase darzana para AyA AvaraNa pUrNa rUpa se haTa jAtA hai aura kevala' darzana prakaTa ho jAtA hai| vItarAga ho jAne para rAga kA Atyantika kSaya ho jAtA hai, phira kabhI bhI lezamAtra bhI rAga kI utpatti nahIM hotI, jisase jar3atA sadA ke lie miTa jAtI hai| ataH isa cinmayatA guNa meM phira na kabhI kamI AtI hai aura na isa guNa kA phira kabhI anta hI hotA hai| yaha sadaiva paripUrNa evaM avinAzI rUpa meM prakaTa rahatA hai| yahI ananta darzana kI upalabdhi hai| 'darzana' hai sv-sNvedn| saMvedana usI kA hotA hai jisake sAtha abhinnatA hotI hai| ataH sva-saMvedana sva se abhinna hone se, svAnubhava se hotA hai| jaba taka vyakti [242] jainatattva sAra

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bahirmukhI rahatA hai taba taka usakI gati va pravRtti bAhara kI ora, 'para' kI ora rahatI hai| jisase vaha 'sva' se vimukha va dUra rahatA hai| sva se vimukha va dUra rahate svasaMvedana nahIM hotA hai| sva-saMvedana ke binA 'darzana' nahIM hotA hai| jaise-jaise rAga ghaTatA jAtA hai, rAga meM kamI AtI jAtI hai vaise-vaise bahirmukhIpane va para kI ora se sva kI ora gati hone lagatI hai| jaise-jaise bAhara se bhItara kI ora, para se sva kI ora gati hotI jAtI hai; vaise-vaise svabhAvataH sthUla se sUkSma, sUkSma se sUkSmatara saMvedanAe~ svataH prakaTa hone lagatI haiN| 'saMvedanA' cinmayatA kA hI rUpa hai| 'cinmayatA' caitanya kA pramukha guNa hai, jise 'darzana' kahA jAtA hai| rAga kA pUrNa nAza ho jAne para, vItarAga ho jAne para bahirmukhIpane va para kI gati kA Atyantika kSaya (nAza) ho jAtA hai jisase sAdhaka sadA ke lie sva meM sthita va sthira ho jAtA hai| sva meM sthita va sthira honA hI svAnubhUti hai| svAnubhUti hI sva-saMvedana hai, yahI cinmayatA yA cetanatA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki rAga rahita, vItarAga hote hI sadA ke lie pUrNa cinmayatA kI, pUrNa jar3atA rahita avasthA kI anubhUti ho jAtI hai arthAt 'ananta darzana' ho jAtA hai| ananta darzana kI upalabdhi rAga rahate nahIM ho sakatI, kAraNa ki rAga ke rahate jar3atA rahatI hI hai| ata: vItarAgatA se hI 'ananta darzana' guNa prakaTa hotA hai| yaha guNa caitanya kA nija svarUpa hone se atyanta mahattvapUrNa to hai hI, sAtha hI anubhavagamya va vilakSaNa hone se anirvacanIya bhI hai| isakA anubhava hI kiyA jA sakatA hai, varNana nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| ananta jJAna rAga kA sarvathA abhAva hone para, vItarAga hone para jJAna ke anurUpa AcaraNa ho jAtA hai| phira jJAna aura AcaraNa meM, jJAna aura jIvana meM bhinnatA, bheda va dUrI nahIM rhtii| arthAt jJAna kA AvaraNa pUrNa haTakara jJAna kI pUrNa prabhA va prabhAva sadA ke lie prakaTa ho jAtA hai| yaha jJAna rAga Adi doSoM va vikRtiyoM se rahita hone se zuddha jJAna 'kevalajJAna' rUpa hotA hai tathA pUrNa va sadA ke lie hone se ananta jJAna rUpa hotA hai| ____ athavA yoM kaheM ki jaba taka viSaya-sukha bhogane kA rAga hai taba taka hI saMsAra se kucha pAnA va karanA zeSa rahatA hai| rAgarahita hone para na to viSaya-sukha bhoganA zeSa rahatA hai aura na kucha pAnA zeSa rahatA hai| bhoganA va pAnA zeSa nahIM rahane mokSa tattva [243]

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para karanA zeSa nahIM rhtaa| bhoganA, pAnA va karanA zeSa na rahane para jAnanA zeSa nahIM rhtaa| kAraNa ki jisa gA~va jAnA hI nahIM hai usa gA~va kA rAstA jAnanA vyartha hai, niSprayojana hai| Azaya yaha hai ki vItarAga ko kucha jAnanA zeSa nahIM rahatA, unheM azeSa jJAna va pUrNa jJAna hotA hai| yaha pUrNa jJAna avinAzI hotA hai, antarahita hotA hai, ananta jJAna hotA hai| vItarAga kA jJAna nijajJAna hotA hai| sunA huA, par3hA huA, parAyA jJAna nahIM hotA arthAt svayaMsiddha jJAna hotA hai| yaha niyama hai ki svayaMsiddha jJAna yA svayaMsiddhi rUpa jJAna sArvalaukika va kAlika hotA hai| vaha tInoM kAloM meM samAna rUpa se barAbara eka-sA rahatA hai, usameM parivartana nahIM hotA hai| jaise parAdhInatA, mRtyu, duHkha, roga bure haiM tathA svAdhInatA, amaratva, sukha, Arogya acche haiM, abhISTa haiM, yaha jJAna svayaMsiddha hone se tInoM lokoM va tInoM kAloM meM samAna rUpa se rahatA hai, arthAt trikAlavartI tathA trilokavartI hotA hai| yaha aparivartanazIla va anivAzI hotA hai| isa jJAna ke pUrNa prakaTa ho jAne, pUrNa prabhAvI ho jAne se jIvana meM svAdhInatA, amaratva, sukha va Arogya kI upalabdhi hotI hai| isa zuddha, pUrNa va ananta jJAna kI upalabdhi 'vItarAgatA' se hI hotI hai| yaha jJAna purAtana, adyatana, nUtana na hokara sanAtana, zAzvata hotA hai| avinAzI hone se yaha jJAna 'ananta jJAna' hai| ananta cAritra ___ 'cAritra' calane kA, carane kA, AcaraNa kA dyotaka hai| calanA vahI sArthaka hai jo gantavya sthala, lakSya kI ora bar3hatA ho| jisa calane se lakSya kI ora gati nahIM ho vaha calanA calanA nahIM, bhaTakanA hai, bhramaNa hai, bhrama hai| mAnava kA lakSya ekAnta 'duHkharahita sukha' kI upalabdhi karanA hai| ekAnta sukha kI upalabdhi usa sukha ke tyAga se hI sambhava hai jisa sukha ke sAtha duHkha jur3A huA hai| jisa sukha ke sAtha duHkha jur3A huA hai vaha sukha vastutaH sukha na hokara duHkha hI hai| duHkha kA kAraNa doSa hai| ataH samasta doSoM (pApoM) ke tyAga se hI, kSaya se hI ekAnta sukha kI upalabdhi sambhava hai| jisameM ekAnta sukha kI upalabdhi ho vahI cAritra hai, arthAt doSoM kA tyAga hI cAritra hai| doSoM kA AMzika tyAga AMzika (deza) cAritra hai aura doSoM kA pUrNa tyAga pUrNa cAritra hai| pUrNa cAritra meM hI samasta duHkhoM se nivRtti yA mukti hai| kAraNa ki duHkha vahIM hai jahA~ doSa hai| jahA~ doSa hai vahA~ rAga hai| jahA~ rAga hai vahA~ doSa hai| [244] jainatattva sAra

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ataH samasta doSoM ke tyAga meM arthAt rAgarahita vItarAga avasthA meM hI samasta duHkhoM kI nivRtti hokara ekAnta sukha kI upalabdhi hotI hai| samasta doSoM kA tyAga yA kSaya, rAgarahita hone para hI sambhava hai| rAgarahita hone kA upAya yA sAdhana hai samabhAva meM rhnaa| samabhAva kI sAdhanA rAgarahita hone kI sAdhanA hai| ataH sAdhanA kI AdhArazilA samabhAva-samatvabhAva sAmAyika kI sAdhanA hai| samabhAva kI sAdhanA jaise-jaise bar3hatI jAtI hai vaise-vaise granthiyoM kA chedana va doSoM kA parihAra hotA jAtA hai, rAga vigalita hotA jAtA hai, anta meM pUrNa gala jAtA hai, phira nirdoSa, zuddha avasthA meM pUrNa yathArthatA kA, yathAkhyAta cAritra kA anubhava hotA hai| arthAt jaisA ho rahA hai yA jaisA hai, usakA vaisA hI bodha va anubhava hotA hai| yahI yathAkhyAta cAritra yA tathAgata avasthA hai| isa prakAra samatva kI sAdhanA (cAritra) kI pUrNatA yathAkhyAta cAritra meM, tathAgata avasthA meM hotI hai| yahI vItarAga cAritra hai| phira sAdhaka ko kucha bhI karanA zeSa nahIM rahatA, vaha kRtakRtya ho jAtA hai| isa avasthA meM 'sAdhanA' sAdhaka ke jIvana kA abhinna aMga bana jAtI hai| sAdhanA aura jIvana meM bhinnatA nahIM rahatI, donoM meM ekatA ho jAtI hai| sAdhanA sAdhaka kA jIvana bana jAtI hai| phira sAdhanA karanI nahIM par3atI hai, svataH hotI rahatI hai| isakA anta kabhI nahIM hotA arthAt ananta cAritra kI upalabdhi ho jAtI hai| sAdhaka kA lakSya amaratva (avinAzI avasthA) kI prApti bhI hai| amara yA avinAzI vahI hai jisakA astitva sadA rhe| ise hI sat yA satya kahate haiN| jisakA astitva kabhI rahe, kabhI na rahe vaha asat hai| asat-asatya kisI ko bhI pasanda nahIM hai aura sat yA amaratva sabhI ko pasanda yA iSTa hai| sat yA amaratva kI prApti kI sAdhanA cAritra hai| sat yA amaratva kI prApti vinAzI se sambandha-viccheda karane se arthAt vinAzI ke tyAga se hotI hai| bhUmi, bhavana, dhana-sampatti Adi vastue~ hI nahIM; deha, indriya, mana Adi bhI vinAzI yA asat haiN| ina sabase sambandha-viccheda karanA arthAt lokAtIta, indriyAtIta, dehAtIta, bhavAtIta honA hI sAdhanA yA cAritra hai, jo inake sambandha-tyAga se, samatA bhAva se hI sambhava hai| isa dRSTi se doSoM ko tyAga, nirdoSa honA hI sAdhanA yA cAritra hai| tyAga kA bhAvAtmaka va kriyAtmaka rUpa samatva hai| tyAga va samatva kI pUrNatA meM hI avinAzI kI, amaratva kI upalabdhi hai| yahI cAritra kI pUrNatA va anantatA hai| tyAga yA cAritra kA phala hI amaratva kI, ekAnta (duHkharahita) va ananta sukha kI upalabdhi honA hai| mokSa tattva [ 245]

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vinAzI se sambandha-viccheda karanA hI bandha kA viccheda karanA hai, bandhana rahita honA hai, bandhana rahita honA hI mukti hai / vinAzI se sambandha tor3anA hI tyAga, saMyama yA cAritra hai| tyAga, saMyama, cAritra kA phala hI mukti kI upalabdhi hai| Azaya yaha hai ki samatva, tyAga va vItarAgatA rUpa cAritra meM hI amaratva, mukti va ekAnta ananta sukha kI upalabdhi antarnihita hai| antarAyakarma kA kSaya se prApta labdhiyA~ vartamAna kAla meM bahuta se vidvAn siddha bhagavAna meM dAna, lAbha Adi labdhiyA~ nahIM mAnate haiM, parantu zrI vIrasenAcArya ne dhavalA pustaka 7, gAthA 11, pR. 14-15 meM siddhoM meM pA~ca labdhiyA~ mAnI haiM vIriyovabhoge-bhoge dANe lAbhe jaduyado vigghaM / paMcavihaladdhijutto takkammakhayA have siddho // jisa antarAya karma ke udaya se jIva ke vIrya, upabhoga, bhoga, dAna aura lAbha meM vighna utpanna hotA hai, usI karma ke kSaya se siddha paMca labdhi (dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga aura vIrya) se yukta hotA hai / aMtarAya karma ke kSaya se teharaveM guNasthAna meM dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga aura vIrya ye jIva ke pA~coM kSAyika guNa prakaTa hote haiM / ye guNa jIva ke svabhAva haiM ataH nijaguNa haiM, kisI bAharI padArtha para nirbhara nahIM haiM aura na bAharI jagat se sambandhita haiM / ata: siddha hone para ye guNa asIma, ananta rUpa se prakaTa hote haiN| antarAya zabda antara se banA hai, jisakA artha hai antara A jAnA, antara par3a jAnA, nirantara na rahanA, kabhI rahanA kabhI na rahanA / antara kA anta tabhI sambhava hai jaba milA huA sukha nirantara rahe tathA milI huI vastu sadA banI rhe| inakA kabhI anta na ho arthAt ananta ho| ye nau upalabdhiyA~ aisI hI labdhiyA~ haiM / isIlie ina upalabdhiyoM ke sAtha ananta vizeSaNa bhI lagAyA jAtA hai, yathA- ananta dAna, ananta lAbha Adi / dvitIya, jo asIma nahIM hai, sImita hai, akhaNDa (pUrNa) nahIM hai - khaNDita hai, vaha antayukta hai ata: ananta nahIM hai| tRtIya, jisakI upalabdhi apane se bhinna 'para' padArtha para nirbhara karatI hai vaha bhI antarAya rUpa hI hai, kAraNa ki jahA~ bhinnatA hai vahA~ antara hai hI, parantu jisakI abhivyakti svayaM meM hI ho vaha abhinna hotI hai - vaha antara yA antarAya rahita hotI hai| caturtha, jo antayukta hai vaha antarayukta hai| [246] jaitattva sA

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tAtparya yaha nikalA ki jo 1. vinAzI hai, kSaNika hai, 2. jo sImita hai, 3. jo 'para' para nirbhara hai-ye tInoM avasthAe~ antarAya rUpa haiM tathA 1. jo avinAzI hai, zAzvata hai, dhruva hai, 2. jo asIma hai, pUrNa hai, 3. jo svayaM se vyakta hotI hai vahI antarAya se rahita hai, ananta hai| aisI labdhi icchApUrti ke sukha va vastu se kabhI bhI sambhava nahIM hai| ise eka udAharaNa se samajheM-hameM pratidina bhojana kI icchA utpanna hotI hai aura usakI pUrti bhojana kA sukha bhoga kara karate haiN| vaha bhojana kA sukha khAte-khAte hI khatma ho jAtA hai| jisa vastu kA bhoga kara liyA vaha bhI na rahI, vaha bhI vinAzI hai| ataH yaha sukha va vastu, donoM hI vinAzI, anta va antarayukta haiN| eka bAra bhojana karane ke pazcAt punaH bhojana kI icchA utpanna hotI hai aura phira bhojana ke sukha kA bhoga karate haiN| isa prakAra bhojana ke sukha ke bIca meM antarAla par3atA hai| ataH yaha sukha anta va antarayukta hone se antarAya rUpa hI hai| dvitIya, hamArI khAne kI icchA to hajAroM prakAra kI yA saba hI svAdiSTa vastuoM kI rahatI hai, parantu pUrti to kucha sImita vastuoM kI hI sambhava hai, ata: yaha sukha apUrNa va abhAvayukta rahatA hI hai| tRtIya, jaba taka icchA hai aura usakI pUrti nahIM huI hai taba taka to iSTa vastu kI upalabdhi se dUrI, abhAva va antara rUpa antarAya hai hI, parantu jaba iSTa vastu mila jAne se icchApUrti ho jAtI hai taba bhI icchA kI tRpti nahIM hotii| Age phira bhojana karake sukha pAne kI icchA barAbara banI rahatI hai| isa atRpta icchA kA anta kabhI nahIM hotA hai| ananta dAna jahA~ rAga hai, moha hai vahA~ mUrchA hai, z2aDatA hai| ataH jaise-jaise rAga yA moha ghaTatA jAtA hai vaise-vaise jar3atA ghaTatI yA miTatI jAtI hai, cinmayatA bar3hatI jAtI hai| cinmayatA bar3hane se saMvedanazIlatA bar3hatI jAtI hai| saMvedanazIlatA bar3hane se karuNA bhAva bar3hatA hai| karuNAbhAva se sarvahitakArI bhAvanA jAgrata hotI hai| karuNA bhAva yA sarva-hitakArI bhAva ko jainAgama meM 'dAna' kahA gayA hai| athavA yoM kaheM ki jaise-jaise moha ghaTatA jAtA hai, AtmA nirmala hotI jAtI hai| jaise-jaise AtmA nirmala hotI jAtI hai vaise-vaise AtmA kA vikAsa hotA jAtA hai| jaise-jaise AtmA kA vikAsa hotA jAtA hai vaise-vaise AtmA ke Atmika guNa AtmIyatA kA vikAsa hotA jAtA hai| AtmIya bhAva ko hI maitrI bhAva kahA jAtA hai| yA yoM kaheM ki AtmIya bhAva hI maitrI bhAva ke rUpa meM prakaTa hotA hai| mokSa tattva [247]

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prakArAntara se kaheM to jahA~ rAga hai vahA~ dveSa hai| jahA~ dveSa hai vahA~ vaira hai, zatru bhAva hai| jahA~ vaira bhAva hai vahA~ maitrI bhAva nahIM ho sakatA tathA jahA~ rAga hai, vahA~ kisI-na-kisI prakAra ke sukha-bhoga kI vAsanA rahatI hai, arthAt svArtha-bhAva rahatA hI hai| jahA~ svArtha bhAva hai vahA~ rAga bhAva hai, jahA~ rAga bhAva hai vahA~ maitrIbhAva nahIM hai| ataH maitrIbhAva vahIM hotA hai jahA~ rAga bhAva (svArthabhAva) tathA vaira bhAva nahIM hotA hai, pratyuta sarvahitakArI bhAva hotA hai| arthAt rAga-dveSa donoM maitrIbhAva ke bAdhaka va ghAtaka haiN| ataH jitanA-jitanA rAga-dveSa ghaTatA jAtA hai utanA-utanA maitrIbhAva prakaTa hotA jAtA hai| 'mittI me savvabhUesu veraM majhaMNa keNaI' arthAt saba prANiyoM ke prati merA maitrI bhAva hai, kisI se bhI vairabhAva nahIM hai, vItarAga mArga ke sAdhaka ke jIvana meM isI sUtra kA AcaraNa hotA hai| maitrIbhAva meM mitra ke hita kI ni:svArtha bhAvanA rahatI hai| badale meM mitra se kucha bhI pAne kI AzA yA icchA nahIM hotI hai, mitra kI prasannatA se svayaM ko prasannatA kA anubhava hotA hai| yaha prasannatA rAgarahita hotI hai| ataH isa prasannatA kA rasa yA sukha rAga ke rasa yA sukha se vilakSaNa hotA hai| rAgajanita sukha bhoga kA sukha hai, isake sAtha kSINatA, nazvaratA, parAdhInatA, AkulatA, nIrasatA, jar3atA, abhAva, atRpti Adi duHkha lage hI rahate haiM, jabaki maitrIbhAva kA rasa ina saba doSoM se rahita hotA hai| isa rasa yA sukha meM svAdhInatA, nirAkulatA, cinmayatA, sarasatA kA anubhava hotA hai| yaha akSaya, avyAbAdha va ananta hotA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki jitanA rAga ghaTatA jAtA hai, utanA karuNA bhAva, AtmIya bhAva, maitrI bhAva, vatsala bhAva bar3hatA jAtA hai aura vItarAga ho jAne para yaha karuNA, maitrI, vAtsalya Adi saba bhAva asIma va ananta ho jAte haiM, jo sarva prANiyoM ke prati maitrIbhAva tathA sarvahitakArI bhAva ke rUpa meM prakaTa hote haiN| vItarAga kA yahI ananta karuNA bhAva, ananta maitrIbhAva, ananta vAtsalya bhAva, ananta dAna' kahA gayA hai| vItarAga ko apane lie kucha bhI karanA zeSa nahIM rahatA hai, ataH vItarAga kI pratyeka pravRtti yA nivRtti vizvahita ke lie hotI hai| unameM vizva vAtsalya bhAva hotA hai| ve jagadvatsala hote haiN| yahI vizva vAtsalyabhAva, karuNA bhAva ananta dAna hai| isa prakAra vItarAgatA se ananta dAna kI upalabdhi hotI hai athavA jo vItarAga ho jAtA hai use saMsAra meM apane svayaM ke lie kucha bhI pAnA nahIM raha jAtA hai| deha Adi jo kucha bhI use prApta hai, vaha saba saMsAra ke lie hai| isa [248] jainatattva sAra

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dRSTi se bhI vItarAga ko ananta udAra va ananta dAnI kahA jA sakatA hai| apane sukha ke lie kucha bhI nahIM hai| usakI yaha asIma udAratA hI ananta dAna kI dyotaka hai| udAratA udara kA bhAvAtmaka rUpa udAratA hai| jisa prakAra udara zarIra ke poSaNa ke lie bhojana ko grahaNa karatA hai, kintu upayoga apane taka hI sImita na rakhakara sampUrNa zarIra ke lie karatA hai, isI prakAra udAra mAnava vastu kA utpAdana va saMgraha kA upayoga apane taka hI sImita na rakhakara sAre saMsAra ke lie, AvazyakatA vAle vyakti ke lie karatA hai| udAratA se prIti udita hotI hai| prIti kI jAgRti se paraspara meM ekatA sthApita hotI hai jo saMgharSa kA janma nahIM hone detii| saMgharSa kA anta vahIM saMbhava hai, jahA~ udAratA hai| isake viparIta jo udara grahaNa kie gae bhojana ko visarjita nahIM karatA hai, vaha bhojana saDAMdha paidA karatA hai aura svayaM udara ko va sAre zarIra ko hAni pahu~cAtA hai| isI prakAra jo mAnava apanI utpAdita vastuoM kA, dhana-saMpatti kA apane lie hI saMgraha karatA hai, parahita meM upayoga nahIM karatA hai, vaha saMgraha-parigraha hai| yaha saMgraha yA parigraha hI samasta doSoM, duHkhoM, dvandvoM va saMgharSoM kA janaka hai| udAratA AtmIyatA jAgRta karatI hai| AtmIyatA se saMsAra ke sAre prANI Atmavat lagate haiN| udAra vyakti ko sabhI prANI apane hI nija-AtmasvarUpa yA paramapriya lagate haiM, koI aura, koI gaira, koI parAyA nahIM lagatA hai| sabhI ke prati prIti kI jAgRti hotI hai| prIti dUrI, bheda va bhinnatA ko khA jAtI hai, jisase apane svarUpa se bhinna koI nahIM lagatA hai, gurutva-laghutA kA bheda miTa jAtA hai| parAyApana tathA dUrI miTa jAtI hai| prIti avinAzI tattva hai, ataH vaha avinAzI ke prati hI hotI hai| dUrI, bheda aura bhinnatA miTane se avinAzI se bhinnatA miTakara ekatA va abhinnatA ho jAtI hai| isI meM mAnava-jIvana kI pUrNatA, saphalatA va sArthakatA hai| jahA~ udAratA hai, vahA~ mAnavatA hai| mAnavatArahita mAnava, mAnava nahIM, dAnava hai| udAratA kA kriyAtmaka rUpa dAna hai| jainAgamoM meM dAna ke aneka udAharaNa haiM, yathA- zrAvaka paradezI rAjA ne dAnazAlA khulavAyI, zrAvikA revatI ne bhagavAna mahAvIra ko bijaurA pAka kA dAna diyA, zreyAMsa kumAra ne bhagavAna RSabhadeva ko ikSurasa kA dAna dekara tIrthaMkara gotra kA upArjana kiyA, caMdanabAlA ne bhagavAna mahAvIra ko dAna dekara apane jIvana ko dhanya bnaayaa| sabhI tIrthaMkaroM ne dIkSA lene mokSa tattva [249]

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ke pUrva varSIdAna dekara gRhasthAvasthA meM dAna kA Adarza prastuta kiyA aura kevalajJAna hone para to anaMtadAnI ho gye| tAtparya yaha hai ki dAna mAnava jIvana kA zrRMgAra hai, alaMkAra hai, AbhUSaNa hai, anivArya aMga hai| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki 'mAnava-jIvana meM dAna se bar3hakara koI varadAna nahIM hai to atizayokti nahIM hogii| varadAna kA artha hI zreSThadAna hai| ataH jo dAna rahita hai vaha varadAna rahita hai| udAratA kA kriyAtmaka rUpa sevA hai| sevA kA phala yaha bhI hotA hai ki jisakI sevA kI jAtI hai, usameM svataH sevA kA bhAva va udAratA jAgRta hotI hai| sevaka meM tyAga va udAratA donoM hotI hai jo sevya meM bhI inakA bIjAropaNa karatI hai| vastutaH dUsaroM ke adhikAroM kI rakSA karanA aura apane adhikAroM kA tyAga hI sevA kA svarUpa hai| ___ jo udAra hotA hai vaha kisI kA burA nahIM caahtaa| jo kisI kA burA nahIM cAhatA, vaha sukhiyoM ko dekhakara prasanna tathA duHkhiyoM ko dekhakara karuNita hotA hai| sukhiyoM ko dekhakara prasanna hone se sukha-bhoga kI kAmanA kSINa hotI hai| isa prakAra sevA, vAsanA-kAmanA ke tyAga meM sahAyaka hotI hai| sevA vahI kara sakatA hai jo dUsaroM ke duHkhoM kI anubhUti svayaM karatA ho, ataH sevA dvArA dUsaroM ke duHkhoM ko dUra karanA apane hI du:khoM ko dUra karanA hai| dUsaroM ko prasanna karanA apane ko hI prasanna karanA hai| __udAratA se prabhUta prasannatA akSuNNa hotI hai| prasannatA se rAga galatA hai tathA navIna kAmanA kI utpatti nahIM hotI hai| rAga galane se pApa karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai| udAratA usa hRdaya meM jAgRta hotI hai jo duHkhiyoM ko dekhakara karuNita aura sukhiyoM ko dekhakara pramudita hotA hai| udAra mahAnubhAvoM ke hRdaya meM tanAva, hInabhAva, dvandva utpanna nahIM hotA hai, unakA hRdaya sadaiva prema va prasannatA se ota-prota hotA hai| udAratA kA kriyAtmaka rUpa dAna hai| mukti ke mArga dAna, zIla, tapa aura bhAva meM dAna kA prathama sthAna hai| ananta lAbha (sampannatA) __ vItarAgatA kI dUsarI upalabdhi ananta lAbha yA sampannatA hai| sampanna vahI hai jo kamI rahita hai, abhAvarahita hai| abhAva va kamI daridratA kI dyotaka hai| abhAva kA anubhava tabhI hotA hai jaba kucha pAne kI kAmanA ho aura usakI prApti na ho| vasta kI prApti zrama, zakti va kAla para nirbhara karatI hai| ataH kAmanApUrti tatkAla [250] jainatattva sAra

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nahIM hotI hai aura jaba taka kAmanA kI pUrti nahIM hotI taba taka kAmanA- apUrtijanya abhAva kA anubhava hotA hai, jo daridratA kA hI rUpa hai| ataH kAmanA-apUrti kI avasthAoM meM daridratA va abhAva (alAbha) kA duHkha bhoganA hI par3atA hai| yaha sarvavidita hai ki saba kAmanAoM kI pUrti kisI kI bhI, kabhI bhI nahIM hotii| kevala kucha kAmanAoM kI hI pUrti hotI hai| ataH mAnava mAtra ko kAmanAapUrtijanya abhAva (kamI va dAridraya) kA du:kha sadA banA hI rahatA hai| ___yahI nahIM, jisa kAmanA kI pUrti ho jAtI hai usase jo sukha milatA hai, vaha sukha bhI pratikSaNa kSINa hotA huA anta meM nIrasatA meM badala jAtA hai| isa prakAra kAmanApUrti se sukha pAne rUpa jisa uddezya kI siddhi huI, usa siddhi kA milanA na milane ke samAna ho jAtA hai| kAmanApUrtijanita rasa (sukha) nIrasatA meM badalatA hai| nIrasatA kisI ko bhI pasanda nahIM hai| ataH nIrasatA miTAne ke lie navIna kAmanA kI utpatti hotI hai| isa prakAra kAmanApUrti ke sAtha kAmanA kI utpatti jur3I huI hai aura kAmanA-utpatti ke sAtha abhAva, daridratA Adi duHkha jur3e hue haiN| ataH kAmanA-apUrti se hI nahIM, kAmanApUrti se bhI abhAva, daridratA Adi duHkha jur3e hue haiN| tAtparya yaha nikalA ki cAhe kAmanA kI utpatti ho, cAhe kAmanA kI apUrti ho, cAhe kAmanA kI pUrti hosabhI avasthAoM meM abhAva va daridratA jur3I huI hai| ataH kAmanA ke tyAga se hI daridratA kA anta sambhava hai| daridratA kA anta hI samRddhi kA, sampannatA kA sUcaka hai| kAraNa ki kAmanA na rahane para kucha bhI pAnA zeSa nahIM rahatA hai| 'pAnA' zeSa na rahanA hI saccI samRddhi va sampannatA hai| pUrNa rUpa meM kAmanArahita honA 'vItarAga' honA hai| ataH vItarAgatA se hI saccI samRddhi va sampannatA kI upalabdhi hotI hai, jisakA anta kabhI nahIM hotA hai arthAt jahA~ vItarAgatA hai vahA~ ananta samRddhi, ananta sampannatA, ananta vaibhava hai| ise hI jainAgamoM meM ananta lAbha kahA hai| ananta bhoga (saundarya) vItarAgatA kI tIsarI upalabdhi ananta bhoga yA ananta saundarya hai| sundara vahI hai jo sabako acchA lage, bhoga vahI hai jo bhAve / jo acchA lagatA hai vahI bhAtA hai arthAt saundarya hI bhoga hai| indriyoM aura mana ke mAdhyama se vastu, paristhiti Adi se milane vAle bhoga kA sukha sImita hotA hai| kAraNa ki saMsAra meM bhogya vastue~ asaMkhya haiM jo saba-kI-saba kisI eka hI vyakti ko mila jAyeM, yaha sambhava nahIM mokSa tattva [251]

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hai| ve kisI ko bhI sImita saMkhyA meM hI mila pAtI haiM aura jo milatI haiM una saba vastuoM kA bhoga karanA bhI zakya nahIM hai, kAraNa ki indriyoM ke bhoga kI zakti sImita hotI hai| ataH sImita vastuoM se tathA indriya bhoga se milane vAlA sukha sImita hotA hai, vaha pUrNa va akhaNDa nahIM hotaa| jo akhaNDa nahIM hotA vaha abAdhita nahIM hotaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki viSaya-sukha meM pUrNatA kabhI nahIM hotii| viSaya-sukha kisI ko kitanA hI mile, usa samaya kisI-na-kisI prakAra kA abhAva rahatA hI hai| aisI koI paristhiti hai hI nahIM jisameM kisI bhI prakAra kA abhAva na ho| abhAva kisI ko bhI acchA nahIM lgtaa| ata: vaha bhoga kA bAdhaka hai| isIlie jise apUrNa, khaNDita va bAdhita sukha se bacanA evaM pUrNa, akhaNDa va abAdhita sukha pAnA iSTa hai, use vastuoM evaM pravRtti se milane vAle sukha kA tyAga karanA hI hogaa| vastuoM ke sukha ke tyAga se viSaya indriyoM meM aura indriyA~ mana meM lIna ho jAtI haiN| phira mana 'amana' (nirvikalpa) ho jAtA hai jisake hote hI buddhi sama ho jAtI hai| jisase sAdhaka sva meM sthita ho jAtA hai arthAt svAdhIna tathA mukta ho jAtA hai| use parAdhInatA va bandhana se chuTakArA mila jAtA hai| parAdhInatA se chuTakArA tathA svAdhInatA kI abhivyakti yugapat hotI hai| svAdhInatA se sva meM sthiti tathA sthiratA ho jAtI hai| phalasvarUpa sva-rasa, nijarasa, avinAzI kA rasa yA sukha milatA hai| avinAzI se milane vAlA rasa yA sukha bhI avinAzI hotA hai, ananta hotA hai| yaha ananta rasa rUpa jIvana hI ananta bhoga kI, ananta saundarya kI upalabdhi hai jo viSaya-sukha ke bhoga ke tyAga se hI sambhava hai| viSaya-sukha kA pUrNa tyAga hI vItarAga avasthA hai| vItarAga jIvana nirvikAra jIvana hai| nirvikAratA meM ananta saundarya hai, vikAra ghRNAyogya hotA hai| ataH jahA~ vItarAgatA hai vahA~ ananta saundarya hai, ananta rasa (sukha) hai, ananta bhoga hai| tAtparya yaha nikalA ki sImita saundarya va bhoga ke tyAga meM hI asIma, ananta saundarya va bhoga kI upalabdhi yA abhivyakti hotI hai| __saMsAra kI samasta ghaTanAe~ kAraNa-kArya ke niyamAnusAra naisargika va prAkRtika vidhAna se ghaTatI haiN| prAkRtika vidhAna meM kisI kA bhI ahita nahIM hai| yahA~ taka ki prAkRtika ghaTanA se AyA huA duHkha bhI doSoM ke tyAga kI zikSA dene evaM pUrvakRta karmoM kI nirjarA karane vAlA hI hotA hai| zikSA va karma-nirjarA prANI ke lie hitakara hI hotI hai| vItarAga isa tathya se pUrNa paricita hote haiN| ataH unheM saMsAra kI [252] jainatattva sAra

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koI bhI ghaTanA kSubdha nahIM krtii| unheM saMsAra kI saba ghaTanAoM, paristhitiyoM meM sarvatra zubhatA, sundaratA va hitakAritA kA hI darzana hotA hai| yahI ananta bhoga kI upalabdhi hai| ananta paribhoga (ananta mAdhurya) ____ vItarAgatA kI cauthI upalabdhi ananta paribhoga yA ananta mAdhurya hai| kisI sukha kA bAra-bAra yA barAbara milate rahanA hI paribhoga hai-mAdhurya hai| yaha niyama hai ki viSaya-bhoga kA sukha kSaNika hotA hai| vaha sukha do kSaNa bhI eka-sA nahIM rahatA, pratikSaNa kSINa hotA hai aura anta meM nIrasatA (sukharahita avasthA) meM badala jAtA hai| jo sukha isa kSaNa bhoga liyA vaha sukha dUsare kSaNa nahIM milegA, usameM kSINatA A hI jaayegii| eka bAra meM milA huA sukha dubArA kabhI nahIM milegA, usameM kSINatA AyegI hI, vaha jIrNa hogA hii| yahI kAraNa hai ki hama apane jIvana meM khAne, pIne, pahanane, dekhane, sunane, sUMghane Adi ke saikar3oM sukhoM kA bhoga pratidina karate rahe, parantu unameM se koI bhI sukha Aja taka nahIM rahA, sukha meM lezamAtra bhI vRddhi nahIM huii| jaise relayAtrA meM vastue~ sAmane se AtI aura pIche jAtI pratIta hotI haiM, isI prakAra sukha AtA aura jAtA pratIta hotA rahA, rahA kucha bhI nhiiN| phalataH sukha pAne kI bhUkha jyoM-kI-tyoM banI huI hai, usameM kiMcit bhI kamI nahIM huI tathA Age bhI kitanI hI sukha-sAmagrI saMgRhIta kara unase bAra-bAra sukha bhogA jAye taba bhI na sukha meM vRddhi hone vAlI hai aura na sukha kI bhUkha miTane vAlI hai, arthAt viSayasukha kA pariNAma zUnya hai tathA sukha ke bhogI ko asaMkhya duHkha bhogane hI par3ate haiN| ataH viSaya-sukha ke tyAga se kisI bhI prakAra kI lezamAtra bhI hAni nahIM hone vAlI hai, pratyuta viSaya-sukha ke tyAga se nijasukha kI upalabdhi hotI hai| nijasukha kI abhivyakti prema ke rUpa meM hotI hai| prema kA rasa nita nUtana rahatA hai, yaha sAgara kI taraha laharAtA hai| na to isakI kSati hotI hai, na isakI nivRtti hotI hai, na isakI pUrti hotI hai, na isakI tRpti hotI hai aura na isameM atRpti hI rahatI hai| yaha kSati, nivRtti, pUrti, apUrti, tRpti, atRpti se rahita vilakSaNa rasa yA sukha hai| yahI ananta paribhoga hai| isakI abhivyakti viSaya-sukha ke tyAgI 'vItarAga' ko hI hotI hai| yaha vItarAgatA kI hI vibhUti hai| ise paramAtmA kA mAdhurya guNa bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| mAdhurya (madhuratA) hai rasa kA nirantara barAbara banA rhnaa| yahI vibhUti saccI 'Rddhi' hai| yahI ananta paribhoga upalabdhi hai| mokSa tattva [253]

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ananta vIrya (ananta sAmarthya) vItarAgatA kI pA~cavIM upalabdhi ananta vIrya hai| 'vIrya' zabda sAmarthya kA dyotaka hai| 'sAmarthya' asamarthatA kA virodhI hai| ataH jahA~ asamarthatA hai vahA~ sAmarthya kA abhAva hai| asamarthatA vahIM hotI hai jahA~ kriyA yA pravRtti karane kI ruci hai| kAraNa ki karanA zarIra, indriya, mana, vastu, paristhiti Adi 'para' para nirbhara karatA hai| 'para' para nirbhara honA parAdhInatA hai| parAdhIna honA hI 'asamarthatA' hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki jahA~ karanA hai vahA~ parAdhInatA hai| jahA~ parAdhInatA hai vahA~ asamarthatA vIryAntarAya evaM anantavIrya sAmarthya kI abhivyakti vIrya hai| asamarthatA kA anubhava vIryAntarAya hai| vIrya sAmarthya kA dyotaka hai| kevalI vItarAga deva anantavIryavAna haiM-sAmarthyavAna haiN| parantu unameM kisI ke vikAra dUra karane, apanA va anya kisI kA roga yA vedanA miTAne, jJAna prApta karAne, apanA yA kisI kA maraNa TAlane, Ayu bar3hAne, kisI ke karma kATane kA sAmarthya nahIM hai| isIlie unake lie sarvasamartha vizeSaNa kA prayoga nahIM kiyA gyaa| isakA tAtparya yaha nikalA ki ve kevala Atmika doSoM-avaguNoM ko miTAne va guNoM ko prakaTa karane meM hI samartha haiN| apane se bhinna zarIra, saMsAra Adi ke banAne, bigAr3ane meM samartha nahIM haiN| prAkRtika vidhAna, visrasopacita karma tathA karma-siddhAnta ko badalane meM ve samartha nahIM haiN| yahA~ yaha prazna upasthita hotA hai ki phira ve anantavIryavAna kaise haiM? uttara meM kahanA hogA ki prAkRtika vidhAna yA karmodaya evaM visrasA se ghaTita anukUla- pratikUla ghaTanAe~, paristhitiyA~, sthitiyA~ kisI bhI satyAnveSI sAdhaka kA kucha bhI bigAr3ane meM samartha nahIM haiN| ye hAni-lAbha, banAva-bigAr3a meM unake lie nimitta banatI haiM, jo isase bhoga bhoganA cAhate haiN| kAraNa ki bhoga kI pUrti vastu, paristhiti Adi para nirbhara karatI hai| jo tyAgI haiM unake liye sabhI paristhitiyAM samAna artha rakhatI haiN| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to kucha bhI artha nahIM rakhatI haiN| kyoMki jo bhI paristhiti hai, usakA unheM bhoga nahIM karanA hai, unheM usakA upayoga rAganivAraNa ke lie karanA hai| rAga kA nivAraNa tyAga yA saMyama se hotA hai| tyAga va saMyama meM paristhiti kA mahattva nahIM hai, viveka kA evaM saMkalpa kI dRr3hatA kA mahattva hai, jisakA paristhiti se koI sambandha hI nahIM hai| [254] jainatattva sAra

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mAnavamAtra viSaya-kaSAya evaM rAga-dveSa kI nivRtti meM samartha hai aura svAdhIna hai, kAraNa ki inakI utpatti aviveka se hotI hai| aviveka viveka ke Adara se miTatA hai, kisI pravRtti se nhiiN| pravRtti ke liye para kI AvazyakatA hotI hai, padArtha para kisI kA bhI svatantra adhikAra nahIM haiN| bhoga ke liye pravRtti kI aura yoga (mukti) ke lie nivRtti kI, tyAga kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| pravRtti kI pUrti parAzrita hai, parAzraya parAdhInatA hai, vivazatA hai, mukti kI prApti nivRtti se hotI hai, usake liye para ke Azraya kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI hai| AvazyakatA hotI hai para ke Azraya ke tyAga kii| prANI apane se bhinna vastu ko grahaNa karane meM parAdhIna hai, ataH asamartha hai, grahaNa karane ke pazcAt bhI vastu kA usase AtmasAt nahIM hotA hai| usameM aura vastu meM bhinnatA banI hI rahatI hai| jahA~ bhinnatA hai, vahA~ parAyApana hai, jahA~ parAyApana hai vahA~ parAdhInatA hai| ataH pravRtti meM Adi se anta taka, pravRtti ke mUla se lekara anta taka parAdhInatA hai| jahA~ parAdhInatA hai vahA~ asamarthatA hai, vIryAntarAya kA udaya hai| jisane isa tathya ko samajha liyA hai ki karane ke anuSThAna ke pariNAma meM jo milatA hai vaha rahatA hI nahIM hai arthAt karane kA pariNAma zUnya hai| isa tathya ko samajha kara vaha karane kA tyAga kara nivRtti ko yA vizrAma ko saMvara-saMyama-tyAga ko apanAtA hai to asamarthatA se mukti pA letA hai| mukti dharma se milatI hai, dharma tyAga meM hai, doSoM kI nivRtti meM hai| tyAga karane meM koI asamartha tathA parAdhIna nahIM hai| ise eka udAharaNa se samajheM- kisI vyakti ko dasa grAma vajana kA kAgaja kA Tukar3A uThAnA hai to use uThAne ke lie hAtha meM sAmarthya caahiye| roga yA kisI kAraNa se yadi zakti nahIM hai to nahIM uThA sakatA hai, parantu hAtha meM kucha vajana yA kAgaja kA Tukar3A hai, use tyAganA hai to tyAgane ke liye kisI bhI aMza meM zakti yA sAmarthya kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai, pratyuta vastu kA grahaNa karane meM jo zakti vyaya ho rahI hai, usa zakti kA vyaya ruka jaayegaa| taba zakti kA saMcaya bddhegaa| isI prakAra hameM pA~ca naye paise yA eka choTA sA dhAgA bhI cAhiye to inheM prApta karane ke lie parAzraya lenA hI par3egA, parAdhIna honA hI pdd'egaa| jo prANI apane bhoga kI kAmanA kI pUrti ke lie pravRtti karatA hai usakI zakti kSINa hotI hai arthAt usake sAmarthya kA hrAsa hotA hai| aMta meM vaha thaka jAtA hai| thaka jAne kA matalaba hI asamartha honA hai, vIryAntarAya kA udaya honA hai| mokSa tattva [255]

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__ jo prANI jitanA adhika bhoga meM anurakta hai, bhoga ke adhIna hai, vaha utanA hI adhika parAzrita hai, utanA hI adhika nirbala hai, asamartha hai| jo prANI bhoga se jitanA virakta hai, vaha prANI utanI hI kama asamarthatA kA anubhava karatA hai| usake utanA hI vIryAntarAya karma kA kSayopazama hai| jo sAdhaka bhoga kA sarvathA va pUrNa tyAga kara vItarAga ho jAtA hai, apane sukha ke lie saMsAra se kucha bhI nahIM cAhatA vaha parAzraya se pUrNa mukta ho jAtA hai| use lezamAtra bhI asamarthatA kA anubhava nahIM hotA hai| vaha ananta sAmarthyavAna ho jAtA hai| usake vIryAntarAya kA pUrNa kSaya ho jAtA hai| bhoga-pravRtti yA parigraha ke kAraNa utpanna huA parAzraya, asamarthatA yA vIryAntarAya hai| bhogecchA meM huI kamI vIryAntarAya ke kSayopazama kA kAraNa hai| bhoga, parAzraya va parigraha kA pUrNa tyAga hI vIryAntarAya kA kSaya hai| jo ananta sAmarthya kA, annata vIrya kA dyotaka hai| tyAga kI adhikatA ke kAraNa hI saMyamI jIva ke gRhastha se adhika vIryAntarAya kA kSayopazama hai| tyAga kI pUrNatA ke kAraNa hI vItarAga kevalI prabhu ke vIryAntarAya kA kSaya hai- anantavIrya va sAmarthya hai| unheM apane lie kucha bhI karanA zeSa nahIM hai, ataH unake lezamAtra bhI antarAya karma kA udaya nahIM hai| asamarthatA va vIryAntarAya kA udaya vahIM hai jahA~ kartA bhAva tathA bhoktAbhAva hai| jahA~ kartAbhAva yA bhoktAbhAva nahIM hai- jJAtA-draSTAbhAva hai, vahA~ asamarthatA kA va vIryAntarAya kA kSayopazama yA kSaya hai| karanA zeSa na rahane se asamarthatA kA anta ho jAtA hai aura ananta sAmarthya kI abhivyakti ho jAtI hai| karane' se mukti vahI pAtA hai jisane viSaya ke sukha bhoga kA, rAga kA tyAga kara diyA ho| kAraNa ki jisane viSaya sukha kA tyAga kara diyA use saMsAra se kucha bhI pAnA zeSa nahIM rahatA hai| jise kucha bhI pAnA zeSa nahIM rahatA use kucha karanA zeSa nahIM rhtaa| jise bhoganA, pAnA, karanA zeSa nahIM rahatA vahI pUrNa samartha hai, vahI ananta vIryavAn hai| jisane isa tathya ko samajha liyA hai ki karma-anuSThAna ke pariNAma meM jo milatA hai vaha rahatA hI nahIM hai, arthAt karane kA pariNAma zUnya hai, vaha karane kA' tyAga kara nivRtti ko yA vizrAma ko, saMvara-saMyama-tyAga ko apanAtA hai to vaha asamarthatA se mukti pA letA hai| kAraNa ki vizrAma meM arthAt saMvara-saMyama-tyAganivRtti meM kisI anya 'para' kI apekSA hI nahIM hotI hai| yaha svayaM karanA' hotA hai| jise svayaM karanA hai usake karane meM mAnava mAtra svAdhIna evaM samartha hai| yahI ananta vIrya, ananta sAmarthya hai| [256] jainatattva sAra

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tAtparya yaha hai ki viSaya-bhoga yA asaMyama se hI pravRtti karane kI ruci utpanna hotI hai| karane meM zakti kSaya hotI hai aura anta meM asamarthatA A jAtI hai| isake viparIta saMyama-tyAga-nivRtti meM asamarthatA kI gandha bhI nahIM hai| mAnavamAtra karane meM sakSama va samartha hai| pUrNa saMyamI vItarAga ke kartRtva va bhoktRtva bhAva kA anta ho jAtA hai, jisase karanA zeSa nahIM rahatA hai| karanA zeSa na rahane se asamarthatA kA anta ho jAtA hai aura ananta sAmarthya kI, ananta vIrya kI abhivyakti ho jAtI hai| 'karane' se mukti vahI pAtA hai jisane viSaya ke sukha-bhoga ke rAga kA tyAga kara diyA ho| kAraNa ki jisane viSaya-sukha kA tyAga kara diyA use saMsAra se kucha bhI pAnA zeSa nahIM rahatA hai| jise kucha bhI pAnA zeSa nahIM rahatA use kucha bhoganA zeSa nahIM rhtaa| jise bhoganA, pAnA zeSa nahIM rahatA use kucha karanA bhI zeSa nahIM rahatA hai| jise bhoganA, pAnA, karanA zeSa nahIM rahatA, vahI pUrNa samartha hai, vahI ananta vIryavAna hai| vItarAga ko ananta dAna ke rUpa meM ananta audArya yA kAruNya, ananta lAbha ke rUpa meM ananta aizvarya, ananta bhoga ke rUpa meM ananta saundarya, ananta paribhoga ke rUpa meM ananta mAdhurya, ananta vIrya ke rUpa meM ananta sAmarthya, samyaktva ke rUpa meM svAnubhUti, ananta darzana ke rUpa meM ananta cinmayatA (caitanya), ananta jJAna ke rUpa meM sarvajJatA evaM ananta cAritra ke rUpa meM akSaya-avyAbAdha-ananta sukha kI upalabdhi hotI hai| ye nau upalabdhiyA~ nau nidhiyA~ haiM, nau vibhUtiyA~ haiN| ye nau nidhiyA~ vItarAgaparamAtmA ke IzvarIya guNa haiN| ina nau nidhiyoM meM se prathama pA~ca-1. audArya, 2. aizvarya, 3. saundarya, 4.mAdhurya aura 5. sAmarthya ko hama kramazaH 1. zrI (zreSTha), 2. lAbha, 3. zubha 4. Rddhi aura 5. siddhi rUpa upalabdhiyA~ bhI kaha sakate haiN| ye upalabdhiyA~ akSaya, avyAbAdha (antarAyarahita) evaM ananta rUpa meM hotI haiN| ataH inase milane vAlA sukha bhI akSaya, avyAbAdha evaM ananta rUpa hotA hai| isa sukha meM kSati-pUrti, tRpti-atRpti, nivRtti-pravRtti nahIM hotii| yaha sukha viSayasukha se vilakSaNa hotA hai, jo anubhavagamya hai| isa sukha kA vizeSa vivecana 'akSaya-avyAbAdha-ananta sukha-vaibhava' ke rUpa meM Age kiyA jA rahA hai| mokSa : ekAntasukha uttarAdhyayana sUtra a. 32 gA. 2 meM kahA hai ki: egantasokkhaM samuvei mokkhN|| mokSa tattva [257]

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arthAt - vItarAga sAdhaka ekAnta (duHkhasahita) sukha ko prApta karatA hai| yaha hI tathya bauddha Agama dhammapada meM bhI kahA hai| nivvANaM paramaM sukhaM' (dhammapada 203-204) arthAt - nirvANa meM parama sukha hai| parama sukha vaha hai jo kSaNika nahIM ho, sthAyI rahe, jisa sukha meM duHkha nahIM ho| yaha sukha usI ko milatA hai jo indriya bhogoM ke kSaNika sukha ke pralobhana ke rAga se mukta hotA hai| rAga se mukta vaha hotA hai jo dhyAna sAdhanA se indriya-viSaya ke sukha meM duHkha kA darzana karatA hai arthAt prajJAvAna hai, sthita prajJa hai| saMsAra meM duHkha kisI bhI prANI ko pasaMda nahIM hai| sabhI prANI sadA sukha cAhate haiN| sabhI vyakti duHkha se mukta hone evaM sukha pAne ke lie niraMtara prayatnazIla haiN| pratyeka vyakti kI pratyeka kriyA, pravRtti, parizrama, prayatna kA uddezya bhI yahI hai| Aja taka pratyeka vyakti ne isI uddezya kI pUrti ke lie prayatna kiyA hai| phalasvarUpa viSaya bhoga kI sAmagrI ke saMgraha kA Dhera laga gayA parantu uddezya kI pUrti nahIM huii| jaise-jaise sukha prApti ke lie prayatna kiyA, sAdhana-sAmagrI juTAyIsuvidhA bhI bddh'ii| parantu citta zAnta nahIM huA, abhAva va dvandva nahIM miTA, santuSTi nahIM huI, cintA nahIM miTI, pratyuta ye saba bar3hate gye| azAnti, abhAva, cintA, dvandva ye du:kha ke hI dyotaka haiN| kAmanApUrti evaM sAmagrI prApti se jo sukha milatA pratIta huA, vaha bhI nahIM rhaa| jabaki jisa sAmagrI se, nimitta se sukha milA vaha sAmagrI va nimitta jyoM kA tyoM maujUda hai| yadi sAmagrI se evaM saMgraha se sukha milatA to sAmagrI-saMgraha rahate sukha banA rahanA cAhie thA parantu aisA nahIM hotaa| isase yaha phalita hotA hai ki sAmagrI-saMgraha se sukha nahIM miltaa| tathA jo sukha milatA pratIta hotA hai, vaha bhI nahIM rhtaa| isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki usa pratIta hone vAle sukha kA bhI astitva nahIM hai| kevala AbhAsa mAtra hai| yahA~ hI yaha jijJAsA hotI hai ki jIvana meM sukha kA astitva bhI hai yA nahIM? isa para vicAra yaha karanA hai ki sukha kA svarUpa kyA hai? vicAra karane se sukha do prakAra kA jJAta hotA hai 1. duHkha nihita sukha (duHkha yukta sukha) yaha nikRSTa evaM kSaNika hai aura 2. duHkha rahita sukha (duHkha mukta sukha), yaha utkRSTa-sarvazreSTha, parama sukha hai| yaha parama sukha tabhI milatA hai jaba sAdhaka ke jIvana meM duHkhayukta sukha kI dAsatA evaM sukha kA pralobhana kucha bhI zeSa nahIM rahatA hai| sarvAMza meM sukha kI dAsatA evaM pralobhana kA nAza hone para avarNanIya parama sukha kA svataH anubhava ho jAtA hai| [258] jainatattva sAra

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duHkha nihita sukha vaha hai jo asat, vinAzI, apane se bhinna una vastuoM ko milatA hai jina para hamArA svatantra adhikAra nahIM hai| zarIra, indriya, mana, buddhi Adi ke mAdhyama se evaM indriyoM ke viSayoM kI bhoga sAmagrI se jo sukha milatA pratIta hotA hai usakA svatantra astitva nahIM hai aura usa para hamArA svatantra adhikAra nahIM hai| mAnA huA adhikAra hai jo kisI bhI kSaNa kSINa va kSaya (naSTa) ho jAtA hai| jisake hote hI pratIta hone vAle sukha ko banAye rakhanA cAhane para unake na rahane se abhAva, cintA, khinnatA evaM zoka rUpa duHkha hotA hai| ataH indriyajanya, para padArtha evaM sAmagrI va nimitta se milane vAle sukha kA anta duHkha meM hone se isa sukha meM duHkha nihita hai, yaha sukha duHkha garbhita hai, yaha sukha duHkha yukta hai| yaha prAkRtika vidhAna evaM naisargika niyama hai| tathA yaha sukha prati kSaNa kSINa hotA hai aura anta meM isakA anta duHkha meM hotA hai| ata: yaha sukha-duHkha rUpa hI hai| duHkha rahita sukha vaha hai jo nazvara, vinAzI padArtha zarIra, indriya, mana evaM sAMsArika vastuoM se asaMga evaM atIta hone para milatA hai, yaha alaukika sukha hai| yaha sukha tIna prakAra kA hai:- 1. akSaya sukha, 2. avyAbAdha akhaMDa-pUrNa sukha aura 3. ananta sukha, yaha ekAnta (parama) sukha kahalAtA hai| ye tInoM sukha (tRSNA) ke tyAga se milate haiN| rAga ke tIna rUpa haiM- 1. aprApta vastu kI kAmanA, 2. prApta vastu kI mamatA-merApana evaM 3. apane se bhinna-nazvara padArtha ke tAdAtmya 'ahNtv'| ina tInoM prakAra kI tRSNA ke tyAga se tInoM prakAra kA sukha milatA hai| akSaya sukha kAmanA ke tyAga se zAnti kI anubhUti hotI hai| zAnti kA rasa yA sukha kAmanA pUrti ke sukha kI taraha pratikSaNa kSINa hone vAlA nahIM hotA hai| pratyuta akSaya va akSuNNa hotA hai| jaba taka punaH kAmanA kI utpatti nahIM hotI hai taba taka zAnti kA sukha barAbara banA rahatA hai, isameM kamI yA kSINatA nahIM AtI hai aura na yaha nIrasatA meM hI badalatA hai| ataH zAnti kA rasa yA sukha akSaya sukha hai, jisakI upalabdhi kAmanA-tyAga se hI sambhava hai| avyAbAdha sukha mamatA ke tyAga se svAdhInatA kI anubhUti hotI hai| svAdhInatA se svarasa, nijarasa, avinAzIrasa yA sukha kI anubhUti hotI hai| yaha sukhAnubhUti avinAzI svarUpa kI hotI hai| ata: yaha bhI avinAzI hotI hai| svAdhInatA svAzrita hone se mokSa tattva [259]

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isa sukha meM vighna va bAdhA DAlane meM koI bhI samartha nahIM ho sktaa| svAdhInatA hI mukti hai| ataH svAdhInatA yA mukti kA sukha abAdhita, avyAbAdha-akhaNDa hotA hai| yaha akSaya to hotA hI hai, pUrNa hone se akhaNDa bhI hotA hai| ananta sukha kAmanA, mamatA ke tyAgane para tAdAtmya yA ahaMbhAva miTa jAtA hai jisake miTate hI rAgarahita vItarAga avasthA kA anubhava hotA hai| rAgarahita hote hI ananta prema kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai, phira prema kA rasa sAgara kI laharoM kI taraha laharAtA hai, sadaiva umar3atA rahatA hai| isa rasa kI na to kSati hotI hai, na nivRtti hotI hai, na pUrti hotI hai, na apUrti hotI hai, na tRpti hotI hai, na atRpti hotI hai| yaha sukha kSatirahita hone se akSaya, nivRtti nahIM hone se avyAbAdha, pUrti-apUrti rahita hone se akhaNDa pUrNa evaM tRpti-atRpti rahita hone se ananta nityanUtana hotA hai| yaha vilakSaNa rasa hai ataH buddhi-gamya nahIM hokara anubhavagamya hai| ananta vaibhava maitrIbhAva yA prema kI prApti vahIM hotI hai jahA~ svArthaparatA nahIM hai| jahA~ svArthaparatA hai vahA~ dRSTi apane hI sukha para rahatI hai, bhale hI isase dUsaroM kA ahita ho yA unheM du:kha ho| isase saMgharSa aura santApa utpanna hotA hai| svArthI vyakti simaTa yA sikur3a kara eka saMkIrNa se, choTe se ghere meM Abaddha ho jAtA hai| usakI saMvedanazIlatA tirohita ho jAtI hai| usake hRdaya meM krUratA, kaThoratA va jar3atA A jAtI hai| phira vaha hiMsaka pazu se bhI nimna stara vAlA dAnava kA jIvana jIne lagatA hai, pazu ke samAna indriya bhoga to bhogane hI lagatA hai sAtha hI amAnavIya adhama vyavahAra bhI karane lagatA hai| isake viparIta jo prApta sAmagrI, yogyatA, bala kA upayoga udAratApUrvaka dUsaroM ke hita meM karatA hai, use isa sevA se jo prasannatA yA sukha milatA hai, vaha nirAlA hI hotA hai| yaha sukha pratikSaNa kSINa hone vAlA nahIM hotA hai, akSuNNa yA akSaya rasa vAlA hotA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaba-jaba use pUrvakRta sevA kI ghaTanA kI smRti AtI hai, hRdaya prema va prasannatA se bhara jAtA hai arthAt sevA kA sukha nitya nUtana rahatA hai| kabhI purAnA nahIM hotA hai jabaki svArthI va bhogI vyakti ko jabajaba pUrva meM bhoge bhoga kI ghaTanA kI smRti AtI hai taba-taba usake hRdaya se punaH usa bhoga ko bhogane kI kAmanA utpanna hotI hai jisase hRdaya meM azAnti va abhAva utpanna ho jAtA hai, tAtparya yaha hai ki bhoga ke sukha kA pariNAma zUnya va duHkha hai tathA sevA ke sukha kA pariNAma nitya nUtana va akSaya rasa kI upalabdhi hai| [260] jainatattva sAra

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mokSamArga ke sUtra mukti pradAyaka gAthAoM se Agama pUrA bharA huA hai| unameM se kucha gAthAe~ yahA~ prastuta kI jA rahI haiM: samyagdarzana jJAna cAritrANi mokSamArgaH - tattvArtha sUtra 1.1 nANeNa jANai bhAve, saNeNa ya sddhe| caritteNa nigiNhAi, taveNa prisujjhi|| uttarAH. 28.35 (manuSya) jJAna se jIvAdi padArthoM ko jAnatA hai, darzana se unakA zraddhAna karatA hai, cAritra se (karmAstrava kA) nirodha karatA hai aura tapa se vizuddha hotA hai| saMjoasiddhIe phalaM vayaMti, na hu egacakkeNa raho pyaai| aMdho ya paMgU ya vaNe samiccA, te saMpauttA nagaraM pvitttthaa|| - samaNasuttaM, 213 kahA jAtA hai ki jJAna aura kriyA ke saMyoga se hI phala kI prApti hotI hai, jaise ki vana me paMgu aura andhe ke milane para pArasparika samprayoga se (vana se nikalakara) donoM nagara meM praviSTa ho jAte haiN| eka pahiye se ratha nahIM cltaa| hayaM nANaM kiyAhINaM, hayA aNNANao kiyaa| pAsaMto paMgulo daDDho, dhAvamANo ya aNdho||- samaNasuttaM, 212 kriyAvihIna jJAna vyartha hai aura ajJAniyoM kI kriyA vyartha hai| jaise paMgu vyakti vana me lagI Aga ko dekhate hue bhI bhAgane meM asamartha hone se jala maratA hai aura andhA vyakti daur3ate hue bhI dekhane meM asamartha hone se jala maratA hai| nAdaMsaNissa nANaM, nANeNa viNA na huMti crnngunnaa| aguNissa natthi mokkho, natthi amokkhassa nivvaannN|| - uttarA. a. 28.30 samyagdarzana ke binA jJAna nahIM hotaa| jJAna ke binA cAritraguNa nahIM hotaa| cAritraguNa ke binA mokSa (karmakSaya) nahIM hotA aura mokSa ke binA nirvANa (anantAnanda) nahIM hotaa| egao viraI kujA, egao ya pvttnnN| mokSa tattva [261]

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asaMjame niyattiM ca, saMjame ya pvttnnN|- uttarA. a. 31.2 eka ora se virati (nivRtti) kare arthAt asaMyama se nivRtti kare tathA eka ora pravRtti kare arthAt saMyama meM pravRtti kre| rAgadose ya do pAve, pAva-kamma pvttnne| je bhikkhU rumbhai NiccaM, te Na acchi|| - uttarA. a. 31 gA. 3 rAga aura dveSa ye donoM pAparUpa haiN| jo sAdhaka ina pApa karmoM meM pravRtti karane se apanoM ko rokatA hai, vaha janma-maraNa rUpa saMsAra meM bhava bhramaNa nahIM karatA hai| asuhAdo viNivittI, suhe pavittI ya jANa caarittN| vadasamidiguttirUvaM, vavahAraNayA du jinnbhnniyN|| - samaNasuttaM, 263 azubha se nivRtti aura zubha meM pravRtti hI vyavahAracAritra hai, jo pA~ca vrata, pA~ca samiti va tIna gupti ke rUpa meM jinadeva dvArA prarUpita hai| sakkiriyAvirahAto, icchitasaMpAvayaM Na nANaM ti maggaNNU vAghceTTho, vAtAvihINodhdhavA poto|| - samaNasuttaM, 265 (zAstra dvArA mokSamArga ko jAna lene para bhI) sakriyA cAritra se rahita jJAna iSTa lakSya prApta nahIM karA sktaa| jaise mArga kA jAnakAra puruSa icchita deza kI prApti ke lie samucita prayatna na kare to vaha gantavya taka nahIM pahu~ca sakatA athavA anukUla vAyu kI preraNA ke abhAva meM jalayAna icchita sthAna taka nahIM pahu~ca sktaa| subahu pi suyamahIyaM kiM kAhii crnnvipphiinnss| aMdhassa jaha palittA, dIvasayasahassakoDI vi|| - samaNasuttaM, 266 cAritrazUnya puruSa kA vipula zAstrAdhyayana bhI vyartha hI hai, jaise ki andhe ke Age lAkhoM-karor3oM dIpaka jalAnA vyartha hai| thovammi sikkhide jiNai, bahusudaM jo crittsNpunnnno| jo puNa carittahINo, kiM tassa sudeNa bhuenn|| - samaNasuttaM, 267 cAritrasampanna kA alpatama jJAna bhI bahuta hai aura cAritravihIna kA bahuta zrutajJAna bhI niSphala hai| [262] jainatattva sAra

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vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie nimnAMkita adhyAya paThanIya haiM- samyagdarzana- samyagdarzana : svarUpa evaM mahattva, samyagdarzana prApti kA upAya : jar3a-cetana, graMthibhedana, darzana guNa kA vikAsa-krama : svasaMvedana aura nirvikalpatA; samyagjJAna-samyagjJAna : zrutajJAna, paMcavidhajJAnoM kA svarUpa evaM mahattva; samyakcAritra-samyak cAritra kA svarUpa evaM sAdhanA ke tIna rUpa, Asrava-saMvara, mukti meM sahAyaka : tyAgamaya jIvana, samyakcAritra se cAritra mohanIya karma kA kSaya, zubhayogaH saMvara; samyaktapa-tapa kA svarUpa evaM bheda, tapa prakriyA se karmanirjarA, dhyAna tapa : karmakSaya kI sAdhanA, kAyotsarga tapa se mukti prApti : eka anucintana, tapa : duHkha-vimukti kA upaay| Amukha ('mokSa tattva' pustaka se uddhRta bhUmikA) - DaoN. dharmacanda jaina Aja vyakti ko svarga aura mokSa zabda AkarSita nahIM krte| vaha vartamAna jIvana meM hI sukha kI talAza karatA hai| aindriyaka sukhoM meM vaha Asakta rahatA hai tathA usI sukha ko pUrNa mAnakara sArA jIvana usa sukha kI pUrti meM lagA detA hai| kintu indriyajanita sukhoM ko bhogane ke pazcAt bhI usake duHkha kA abhAva nahI hotaa| sukha sAmagrI ko juTAne meM vaha sadaiva sannaddha rahatA hai, kintu du:kha usakA pIchA nahIM chodd'taa| use lAkha bAra yaha samajhAyA jAe ki indriya ke viSaya bhogoM meM Asakta mata bano tathA jIvana meM adhika parigraha ekatrita mata karo, tathApi manuSya ko yaha bAta gale nahIM utaratI hai| vaha duniyA ke sukha-suvidhA sampanna logoM ko dekhatA hai tathA unako dekhakara usa ora AkarSita hotA rahatA hai tathA jisa prakAra dUsaroM ne sukha-suvidhA juTAI hai tathA nItianItipUrvaka athAha dhana-samRddhi prApta kI hai, usI prakAra vaha bhI binA adhika soce samajhe usI mArga kA anusaraNa karatA hai| dUsaroM ke duHkha kI use cintA nahIM hotI, dUsaroM kI hiMsA karake athavA unako dhokhA dekara yA zoSaNa karake bhI vaha adhikAdhika dhana-sampatti ko juTAne meM sannaddha rahatA hai| usakI katipaya icchAe~ yA kAmanAe~ pUrNa hone para vaha virAma nahIM letA, apitu usakI kAmanAe~ nirantara bar3hatI jAtI haiN| kAmanA kI pUrti ke lie vaha Atura banA rahatA hai| ataH jhUTha-phareba kA prayoga karake bhI vaha apanI kAmanA ko pUrI karanA cAhatA hai| kAmanA vyakti ko abhiprerita to karatI hai, kintu use sahI dizA kA bodha nahIM kraatii| vyakti kAmanA ke AdhAra para hI apanI bhautika unnati ke svapna mokSa tattva [263]

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dekhatA hai| par3hanA, likhanA, kisI pada ko prApta karanA, vyavasAya ko unnata banAnA yA apanI bhautika AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti karanA binA kAmanA ke sambhava nahIM hotA hai| kAmanA vyakti ko nirantara kisI kArya meM pravRtta rakhatI hai| kAmanA eka prakAra se vyakti ke jIvita hone kA paricaya hai| vaha apanI samasta pragati icchAoM, abhilASAoM, kAmanAoM athavA mahattvAkAMkSAoM ke AdhAra para karatA hai| isalie kAmanA vyakti ke jIvana se samApta nahIM ho pAtI hai| nyUna yA adhika rUpa meM sabhI saMsArI jIva kAmanA se yukta hote haiN| samasyA yaha hai ki kAmanAoM ke anusAra jIvana jIne para evaM unameM se kaI kI pUrti hone para bhI manuSya duHkha-mukta nahIM hotA, balki adhika kAmanA vAlA vyakti adhika duHkhI dekhA jAtA hai| isalie yaha tathya ubharakara AtA hai ki kAmanA se samasta du:khoM kA nivAraNa nahIM hotaa| anna, vastra, AvAsa Adi Avazyaka sAdhanoM kI prApti meM bhI yadyapi kAmanA sahAyaka hai, tathApi vaha manuSya ke mAnasika kezoM kA nivAraNa nahIM kara pAtI hai, apitu kAmanA ke dvArA vyakti svayaM tanAvagrasta rahatA hai tathA dUsaroM ke sAtha bhI usakA vyavahAra maitrIpUrNa yA hitakArI nahIM ho pAtA hai| mAnasika kezoM kA nivAraNa karane ke lie viSaya bhogoM kI kAmanA, athavA viSaya-bhoga samartha sAdhana nahIM bana pAte haiN| isalie una kezoM ke nivAraNa hetu naye upAya kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| kucha loga madyapAna athavA anya naze ke sAdhanoM ko apanAkara apane mAnasika kezoM ko bhulAne kA prayatna karate haiM, kintu ve unase mukta nahIM ho paate| ina kezoM se mukti hI mokSa hai jo vyakti kI Antarika dRSTi evaM usakI samajha ko samyak banAne para hI sambhava hai| vyakti kI soca jaba taka sahI nahIM hogI taba taka mAnasika kezoM evaM duHkhoM se sthAyI mukti nahIM ho sktii| bhAratIya paramparA meM duHkhoM se sthAyI mukti ke lie paryApta cintana huA hai| jainadharma bhI isakA eka pramukha nidarzana hai| umAsvAti ne prazamaratiprakaraNa meM mokSa ke sthAyI sukha kI ora le jAne vAle prazamasukha kI carcA kI hai| unako jJAta thA ki svarga ke sukha aura mokSa ke sukha parokSa hone ke kAraNa ina para manuSya kA vizvAsa honA kaThina hai| isalie unhoMne isa jIvana meM anubhava hone vAle prazamasukha ke svarUpa ko samajhA tathA use prastuta kara Amajana ko usakI ora AkarSita kiyaa| prazamasukha vaha sukha hai jisakA AsvAdana koI bhI vyakti apane krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha Adi vikAroM kA zamana karake prApta kara sakatA hai| krodhI vyakti jaba apane krodha ko kucha aMzoM meM niyaMtrita kara letA hai to use jisa zAnti kA [264] jainatattva sAra

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anubhava hotA hai, vaha prazamasukha kA hI dyotaka hai| isI prakAra ahaMkArI vyakti jaba ahaMkAra para vijaya ke caraNa bar3hAtA huA vinaya ko jIvana meM apanAtA hai to use jisa sukha kA anubhava hotA hai vaha prazamasukha hai| mAyAvI vyakti jaba apane mAyAcAra ko niyaMtrita kara dUsaroM ke sAtha saralatA kA vyavahAra karatA hai to use jisa sukha kA anubhava hotA hai vaha prazamasukha hai / isI prakAra lobha ke jAla meM phaMsA vyakti saMtoSa kA sUtra apanAtA hai to use jisa sukUna kA anubhava hotA hai vaha prazamasukha hai| isa taraha prazamasukha apane mAnasika klezoM yA Atmika vikAroM para niyaMtraNa se prApta hotA hai| isa prazamasukha kA anubhava karane ke lie dhana kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI / amIra ho yA garIba, koI bhI vyakti isa prazamasukha kA anubhava kara sakatA hai| aindriyaka sukha se alaga hone ke kAraNa ise Ananda bhI kaha sakate haiN| yaha zAnti kA sukha hai / isakA tAtparya huA ki manuSya ke duHkha kA kAraNa bAhya vastuoM kA abhAva nahIM, apitu usake mAnasika kleza haiN| ina klezoM meM sabase bar3A kleza ajJAna yA avidyA hai| avidyA ke kAraNa hI manuSya indriya ke viSaya bhogoM ko hI sukha kA kendra mAnatA hai / vaha usase Upara uThakara satya ko dekha hI nahIM pAtA hai / bhogoM ke sukha meM banI Asakti usake dRSTikoNa ko malina banAye rakhatI hai / vaha jisa dina bhogoM ke sukha ko pUrNa na mAnakara apane bhItara vidyamAna vikAroM ko duHkha kA kAraNa samajhegA, usa dina usake dRSTikoNa kI malinatA kA nAza hogaa| vaha phira dUsaroM ko dekhakara aMdhakAra ke mArga para nahIM calegA / usake bhItara use ujAle kA anubhava hogA aura usa prakAza se use apanA rAstA dikhAI dene lgegaa| phira vaha apane viveka ke prakAza meM dekhe hue rAste para adhika Azvasta rhegaa| vaha yadi usa rAste para calane hetu dRr3ha rahegA to use apane bhItara meM vidyamAna duHkha ke kAraNoM kA uccheda hotA huA dikhAI degA / vaha samajha sakegA ki pahale vaha jina choTe-choTe tuccha kAraNoM se du:khI ho jAtA thA, vaha aba una kAraNoM ke hote hue bhI duHkhI nahIM hotA, apitu bhItarI Ananda kA anubhava karatA hai| vAcaka umAsvAti kA kathana hai svargasukhAni parokSANyatyantaM parokSameva mokSasukham / pratyakSaM prazamasukhaM na paravazaM na vyayaprAptam / mokSa tattva - prazamaratiprakaraNa, 237 [265]

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svarga ke sukha parokSa haiN| unake bAre meM hama kevala par3hate evaM sunate haiN| unakA kabhI hamane anubhava nahIM kiyaa| marane para hI svarga ke sukha kA anubhava ho sakatA hai / isalie svarga kA sukha hameM AkarSita nahIM karatA hai / umAsvAti kahate haiM mokSa kA sukha to aura bhI parokSa hai, usa para hama kaise vizvAsa kareM ? prazamasukha aisA sukha hai jo pratyakSa anubhava kiyA jA sakatA hai, use anubhava karane meM kisI prakAra kI parAdhInatA nahIM hai evaM usameM dhana Adi kA vyaya bhI apekSita nahIM hai / vaha prApta hone ke pazcAt indriya sukha kI bhA~ti kSINa nahIM hotA hai / isalie yaha sukha sabako abhISTa ho sakatA hai| prazamasukha kA anubhava vyakti ko mokSa ke sthAyI avyAbAdha sukha kI ora le jA sakatA hai, kyoMki prazamasukha rAgAdi vikAroM kA AMzika zamana hone para prApta hotA hai tathA mokSa kA sukha ina vikAroM kA pUrNa kSaya hone para prApta hotA hai| jo vikAroM ke AMzika zamana se AnandAnubhUti karatA hai use pUrNa AnandAnubhUti kI utkaNThA jAgRta ho sakatI hai evaM vaha usa mArga para Age bar3hakara mokSa prApti ke lie udyata ho sakatA hai| prazamasukha kA anubhava hone para bhI prajJA kA jAgaraNa Avazyaka hai| prajJA jAgRta na ho to vikAroM kA utpAta kabhI bhI digbhrAnta kara sakatA hai| koI sAdhaka prajJA supta hone para prazamasukha para bhI aTaka sakatA hai| isalie sAdhaka sadaiva jAgrata hotA hai - muNiNo sayA jaagrNti| jaba taka apane bhItarI vikAra pUrNata: dUra na hoM taba taka manuSya ko kahIM aTakanA nahIM caahie| prazamasukha meM bhI Asakti kA aTakAva nahIM honA cAhie / jo jahA~ aTaka jAtA hai, vaha vahA~ se Age nahIM bar3ha pAtA / mokSa kA patha isalie sajagatA kA patha hai / jo pratipala sajaga rahakara jItA hai, vaha Age bar3hatA jAtA hai| apane guNoM kA pUrNa vikAsa sajagatA se hI sambhava hai| apanI cetanA kA pUrNa vikAsa hI mokSa kI prApti hai| cetanA para jaba jar3a kA prabhAva samApta ho jAtA hai taba mokSa kA anubhava hotA hai| 1 mokSa yA mukti kA dUsarA nAma pUrNa svatantratA hai| manuSya jaba indriyoM ke viSaya sevana ke lie lolupa hotA hai athavA kAmanAoM ke jAla meM lipaTA rahatA hai, taba vaha parAdhIna hotA hai / use para padArthoM kI AvazyakatA hotI hai, unakI pUrti ke lie vaha paramukhApekSI hotA hai| ajJAna yA avidyA ke kAraNa vaha vyakti svayaM ko bhale hI svatantra samajhatA rahe, kintu vAstava meM vaha apanI icchAoM, vAsanAoM kA [266] jaitattva sAra

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gulAma hotA hai| yaha gulAmI usakI Atmika svatantratA ko bAdhita karatI hai / jisa prakAra madirApAna kA vyasanI vyakti madirA kA gulAma hotA hai, usI prakAra viSaya vAsanAoM se ghirA huA vyakti bhI parAdhInatA kI ber3I meM jakar3A rahatA hai| jitanAjitanA vyakti bhogecchAoM ke daMza se grasta hotA hai, utanI utanI usakI svatantratA vilupta hotI jAtI hai| vaha cAhate hue bhI icchAoM para vijaya nahIM prApta kara pAtA / yahI usakI vivazatA yA parAdhInatA hai| parAdhIna vyakti ko mukta nahIM kahA jA sakatA / parAdhInatA sthAyI sukha kA mArga nahIM hai / isalie apanI samajha ko badalane evaM use samyak banAne kI AvazyakatA hai / dRSTi kA samyak bananA hI samyagdarzana kahalAtA hai tathA dRSTi ke samyak hote hI ajJAna jJAna meM pariNata ho jAtA hai| yahI sAdhanA kA mUla hai| isI se mokSamArga kA prArambha hotA hai| jJAna ke samyak hone para jo bhI kriyA kI jAtI hai, vaha svataH samyak hotI hai / yaha samyak kriyA hI samyak cAritra kahI jAtI hai| jainadarzana meM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra tInoM ke samanvita rUpa ko mokSamArga kahA gayA hai / samyak cAritra ke antargata samyaktapa kA bhI samAveza ho jAtA hai / kintu AgamoM meM tapa ko pRthak se bhI nirdiSTa kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki tapa Atma-zuddhi meM evaM saMcita karmamala ko dUra karane meM sahAyaka hai / jainadarzana meM mokSa tabhI sambhava hai jaba moha karma kA pUrNa kSaya ho jaae| moha hI vyakti kI dRSTi ko malina tathA usake AcaraNa ko krodhAdi vikAroM se azuddha banAe rakhatA hai| isalie jaba dRSTi samyak ho jAtI hai to dRSTi sambandhI malinatA samApta ho jAtI hai| vaha nirmala bana jAtI hai| yahI samyagdarzana hai| krodha, ahaMkAra, mAyA, lobha, kAma, bhaya, zoka Adi vikAroM kA mohakarma se ghaniSTha sambandha hai / yaha vikAra manuSya ko duHkhI banAye rakhate haiM / inake kAraNa AcaraNa meM azuddhatA banI rahatI hai| inakI azuddhi dUra karane ke lie samyakcAritra kA vidhAna hai| arthAt samyakcAritra ke dvArA AcaraNa sambandhI azuddhi ko dUra kiyA jA sakatA hai| isa azuddhi ko dUra karane meM samyagdarzana evaM samyagjJAna kI bhI bhUmikA rahatI hai, kyoMki samyakcArita inake binA sambhava nahIM hai| manuSya kI mAnyatA yA vicAradhArA kA usake sampUrNa jIvana para gaharA prabhAva hotA hai| vaha apane mAnyatA ke anusAra hI jIvana jItA hai| jisane yaha mAna rakhA hai mokSa tattva [267]

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ki maiM saMsAra ke samasta bhogoM kI sAmagrI juTAkara sukhI ho sakatA hU~ to vaha usI ke anurUpa prayatnazIla rahatA hai| bhale hI phala meM use duHkha hI kyoM na bhoganA par3e / aisI mAnyatA lakSya kI prApti ke anurUpa nahIM hone se mithyA kahalAtI hai| isa mithyA mAnyatA kA nAza hone para vicAradhArA samyak banAtI hai / samyak vicAradhArA vAlA vyakti hI prazamasukha evaM mokSasukha kI ora kadama bar3hAtA hai| mokSa ko jainadarzana meM paribhASita karate hue kahA gayA hai ki jJAnAvaraNa Adi ATha karmoM kA jaba pUrNata: kSaya ho jAtA hai to vaha mokSa hai| kyoMki ina ATha karmoM ke kAraNa manuSya saMsAra meM aTakA rahatA hai, pUrNataH mukta nahIM hotA / ina ATha karmoM meM se jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, mohanIya evaM antarAya ye cAra karma mukti meM vizeSa bAdhaka haiN| AtmaguNoM ko hAni pahu~cAne ke kAraNa inheM ghAtI karma kahA gayA hai| ina ghAtI karmoM kA kSaya hone para mohakarmajanya duHkhoM se chuTakArA mila jAtA hai / ata: yaha jIvana meM mokSa kA anubhava hai| ATha karmoM meM se zeSa vedanIya, AyuSya, nAma aura gotra karma jaba taka kSaya nahIM hote taba taka zarIra kA sAtha banA rahatA hai / kintu jIva taba bhI ananta jJAna, ananta darzana, kSAyika samyaktva, ananta vIrya Adi guNoM se sampanna hotA hai| mokSa se kaI loga bhaya khAte haiM, kyoMki mokSa hone para isa jIvana meM prApta sukhoM se vaMcita hone kI AzaMkA rahatI hai| kintu jainadharma ke anusAra aSTakarmoM ke kSayarUpa mokSa ke prApta ho jAne para bhI jIva yA AtmA kA astitva banA rahatA hai| vaha AtmA pUrNa vikasita evaM nirmala AtmA hotI hai| vaha paramAtmasvarUpa hotI hai| usameM ananta jJAna, ananta darzana, ananta sukha, kSAyika samyaktva, ananta vIrya Adi guNa hote haiN| vahA~ duHkha evaM vikAra kA leza bhI nahIM hotaa| pUrNa Ananda evaM avyAbAdha sukha kI anubhUti mokSa kA svarUpa hai / vahA~ ajJAna yA avidyA raMcamAtra bhI nahIM hotI / yaha pustaka aneka gUr3ha rahasyoM ko prakaTa karatI hai tathA mAnava ke manovijJAna ko samajhakara likhI gaI hai| pustaka meM AdhyAtmika unnati evaM duHkha - mukti kA mArga 'anubhava aura tarka donoM ke AdhAra para prastuta kiyA gayA hai| Agamika mAnyatAoM ko dRSTi meM rakhakara aneka sugrAhya samAdhAna prastuta kiye gaye haiM / jaina siddhAntoM ke jJAtA vidvAnoM ko bhI isa pustaka meM navInatA kA darzana hogA, isameM koI sandeha nahIM / udAharaNa ke lie samyagdarzana kA darzanopayoga ke sAtha lekhaka ne ghaniSTha sambandha nirUpita kiyA hai| darzanopayoga nirvikalpaka hotA hai tathA samyagdarzana meM [268] jaitattva sAra

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bhI nirvikalpatA pAI jAtI hai| darzana guNa hI cetanA kA AdhArabhUta mUla guNa hai| isakI pahalI vizeSatA saMvedanazIlatA hai tathA dUsarI vizeSatA nirvikalpatA hai| saMvedanazIlatA evaM nirvikalpatA kA anubhava vahA~ hI sambhava hai jahA~ samabhAva kA anubhava hotA hai| jahA~ samabhAva hai vahA~ kartRtva-bhoktRtva bhAva na hokara draSTAbhAva hotA hai| draSTAbhAva ke vikAsa ke sAtha hI jaDa-cid granthi kA bhedana hotA hai jo samyagdarzana kahA jAtA hai| ataH darzanaguNa samyagdarzana ke vikAsa meM sahAyaka banatA hai tathA samyagdRSTi sampanna vyakti kA pratyeka AcaraNa darzanaguNa ko puSTa karatA hai| moha ke kAraNa manuSya meM jar3atA kA Aveza bar3hatA hai| kintu jaba moha karma ghaTatA hai to darzanaguNa aura jJAnaguNa donoM kA vikAsa hotA hai| arthAt ina guNoM para AyA AvaraNa haTatA jAtA hai| jar3atArUpa nirvikalpa sthiti mahattvapUrNa nahIM hai, mahattvapUrNa hai nirvikalpa anubhUti yA bodh| nirvikalpa sthiti to nidrA, jar3atA, mUrchA, ajJAnatA, asamarthatA Adi sthitiyoM meM bhI ho sakatI hai| kintu sAdhanA evaM prajJAjanita nirvikalpa anubhUti mukti kA mArga prazasta karatI hai| kyoMki vaha samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna kA kAraNa banatI hai| lekhaka kA mantavya hai ki jJAnAvaraNa karma kA upArjana jJAna ko AcaraNa meM nahIM lAne se hotA hai| jJAna ko AcaraNa meM nahI lAnA hI jJAna kA anAdara kahA jAtA hai| pratyeka vyakti ko prApta jJAna kA Adara karanA caahie| vyakti kA nija jJAna mahattvapUrNa hai| sabhI ko svAdhInatA, amaratva, prasannatA Adi guNa iSTa haiN| yaha jJAna svayaMsiddha evaM nija jJAna hai| isa jJAna kA jitanA vikAsa hotA jAtA hai utanA hI vyakti duHkhamukti ke mArga para Age bar3hatA jAtA hai| Agama meM yaha jJAna zrutajJAna kahA gayA hai| isI se heya upAdeya kA sahI bodha hotA hai| zuddha jJAna kA jitanA AdararUpa AcaraNa kiyA jAtA hai utanA hI prANI mokSa ke nikaTa pahu~catA hai| samyagjJAna nAmaka adhyAya meM zrutajJAna kA vistRta vivecana kiyA gayA hai| duHkhamukti kI sAdhanA meM yahI jJAna upayogI banatA hai| jo isa jJAna se sampanna hotA hai vaha pApa aura Asrava kA tyAga kara puNya, saMvara aura nirjarA kI sAdhanA meM Age bar3hatA rahatA hai| isa sAdhanA meM Age bar3hanA hI samyakcAritra kahA jAtA hai| zubhayoga puNya hai| puNya ke binA AdhyAtmika sAdhanA kI bhUmikA taiyAra nahIM hotii| puNyArjana se hI manuSya bhava, dharmazravaNa, samyagdarzana Adi kI prApti hotI hai| yahI nahIM, saMvara evaM nirjarA kI sAdhanA meM bhI vizuddhi rUpa puNya sahAyaka hai| kevalajJAna kI avasthA meM vizuddhibhAva carama sImA para hotA hai| mokSa tattva [269]

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samasta kamoM kA kSaya tabhI sambhava hai jaba nUtana kamoM kA Asrava evaM bandha na ho tathA pUrvabaddha karma nirjarita ho jaaeN| samyakcAritra evaM samyaktapa isameM sahAyaka haiN| samyakcAritra se Asrava ke nirodharUpa saMvara hotA hai evaM samyaktapa se pUrvabaddha karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai| samasta sAdhanA saMvara evaM nirjarA kI sAdhanA hai| isake lie pApa pravRttiyoM ko rokanA hotA hai evaM Atmavizuddhi kI ora bar3hanA hotA hai| yaha vizuddhi kI ora bar3hanA puNyatattva kA svarUpa hai, jo saMvara evaM nirjarA meM bhI sahAyaka hotA hai| paMca mahAvratoM, pA~ca samitiyoM evaM tIna guptiyoM kI sAdhanA pramukhataH saMvara kI sAdhanA hai evaM tapa kI sAdhanA pramukhataH karmanirjarA kI sAdhanA hai| nirjarA ke lie anazana Adi chaha bAhya tathA prAyazcitta Adi chaha Abhyantara tapoM kA vidhAna hai| ina tapoM kA sUkSma evaM sAdhanAparaka navIna vivecana kiyA hai| pUrvabaddha karmoM ke unmUlana evaM Atyantika kSaya meM Abhyantara tapa mahattvapUrNa hai| lekhaka ne Abhyantara tapa meM svAdhyAya, dhyAna evaM kAyotsarga kA pRthak adhyAyoM meM vizeSa vivecana kiyA hai| deha ko maiM samajhanA jahA~ saba doSoM kA mUla hai, vahA~ usase svayaM ko atIta anubhava karanA du:khoM evaM doSoM ke sarvathA anta kA upAya hai| lekhaka ne sampUrNa pustaka meM adhyAtma-sAdhanA kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai tathA isakA nirUpaNa karate hue jIva evaM ajIva tattva ke pArasparika bheda ko lakSya meM rakhA hai| zuddha AtmA ajIva pudgala ke sambandha se rahita hotI hai tathA saMsArI AtmA ajIva pudgala ke sambandha se yukta hotI hai| pudgala evaM paudgalika padArthoM ko lekhaka ne parivartanazIla evaM nazvara nirUpita kiyA hai tathA AtmA athavA jIva ko avinAzI tattva ke rUpa meM pratipAdita kiyA hai| yahI AdhyAtma sAdhanA kA mUla rahA hai| bAhya padArthoM kI bhA~ti zarIra bhI pudgaloM se nirmita hai ataH usase bhI apane ko pRthak samajhane evaM anubhava karane para sAdhanA sarala ho jAtI hai tathA AtmA ke jo guNa jar3a padArtha se sambandha ke kAraNa Avarita athavA bAdhita ho rahe the, ve jar3a se apane ko pRthak anubhava karane para prakaTa ho jAte haiN| cetanA para jar3a kA prabhAva pUrNataH samApta ho jAnA hI mukti yA mokSa hai| ise du:khoM se mukti bhI kaha sakate haiM tathA samasta aSTavidha karmoM se mukti bhI kaha sakate haiN| aSTavidha kamoM meM bhI mohakarma pramukha hai| jo sAdhaka moha ko jIta letA hai, arthAt usakA kSaya kara detA hai vaha mukti kA anubhava kara sakatA hai| ise asambhava mAnakara bhaviSya ke lie TAlanA sAdhaka ke lie ucita nahIM hai| jo moha evaM rAga kA tyAga kA kara sakatA hai vaha vItarAgatA kA anubhava kara sakatA hai| vItarAgatA hI [270] jainatattva sAra

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mukti kA svarUpa evaM sopAna hai| jise jarA-maraNa se rahita honA hai, ajaratva amaratva ko prApta karanA hai, pUrNa jJAnI bananA hai, sadA ke lie pUrNa sukhI honA hai, nirbhaya aura nirmala honA hai, pUrNatA kA varaNa karanA hai, abhAva ko sadA ke lie samApta karanA hai, guNoM kI sarvoccatA se sampanna honA hai, hInatA-mahAnatA ke bheda se dUra honA hai, vaha mukti ke patha para caraNa bar3hAtA hai| vaha ananta audArya, ananta sampannatA, ananta saundarya, ananta mAdhurya evaM ananta sAmarthya se yukta ho sakatA hai| jIvanakAla meM usakA cAritra sarvotkRSTa hotA hai tathA mukti prApti ke pazcAt punaH kabhI duHkha se AkrAnta nahIM hotaa| vaha sAtAvedanIya se milane vAle sukha kA AkAMkSI nahIM hotA, apitu karmamukta hone ke kAraNa sadaiva avyAbAdha sukha se sampanna hotA hai| AdaraNIya zrI lor3hA sAhaba kI adhyAtma-sAdhanAparaka aneka pustakeM prakAza meM A cukI haiM, usI zRMkhalA meM mokSatattva pustaka pAThakoM ko arpita kI jA rahI hai| ekAgratA evaM anAgraha buddhi se par3hane para yaha pustaka nizcita hI sAdhanoM evaM vidvAnoM kA samyak mArgadarzana kara skegii| 000 mokSa tattva [271]

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lekhaka paricaya kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA kA janma dhanopa (jilA-bhIlavAr3A, rAjasthAna ) meM mArgazIrSa kRSNA dvAdazI saMvat 1979 meM huaa|aap hindI meM ema.e. haiM tathA sAhitya, gaNita, bhUgola, vijJAna, manovijJAna, darzana, adhyAtma Adi viSayoM meM ApakI vizeSa ruci hai| ApakI laghuvaya se hI satya-dharma ke prati aTUTa AsthA evaM dRr3haniSThA rahI hai| Apane jaina-jainetara darzanoM kA taTasthApUrvaka gahana manthana kara usase prApta navanIta ko 300 se adhika lekhoM ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai| ApakA cintana pUrvAgraha se dUra evaM guNAgrAhaka dRSTi ke kAraNa yathArthatA se paripUrNa hotA hai| ___vijJAna aura manovijJAna ke pariprekSya meM 'jaina dharma darzana' pustaka para Apako 'svargIya pradIpa kumAra rAmapuriyA smRti puraskAra', 'duHkha-mukti : sukha prApti' pustaka para AcArya zrI hastI-smRti-sammAna puraskAra', prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI dvArA 'gautama gaNadhara puraskAra', sAhitya-sAdhanA para 'muNota phAuNDezana puraskAra' tathA 'gaNezalAla lalavAnI puraskAra' se sammAnita kiyA jA cukA hai| prastuta 'jainatattva sAra' kRti ke atirikta ApakI nimnalikhita pramukha kRtiyA~ prakAzita haiM: 1. duHkha-mukti : sukha prApti, 2. jaina dharma : jIvana dharma, 3. karma siddhAnta, 4. sevA kareM: sukhI raheM, 5. saiddhAntika praznottarI, 6. jaina tattva praznottarI, 7. divAkara razmiyA~, 8. divAkara dezanA, 9.divAkara vANI,10.divAkara parvacintana, 11.zrI javAharAcArya sUktiyA~,12. vaktRtva kalA, 13. vItarAga yoga (laghu),14. jainAgamoM meM vanaspati vijJAna, 15. jIva-ajIva tattva, 16. puNya-pApa tattva, 17. Asrava-saMvara tattva, 18. nirjarA tattva, 19. sakArAtmaka ahiMsA, 20. sakArAtmaka ahiMsA (zAstrIya aura cAritrika AdhAra),21. duHkha rahita sukha, 22. dhyAna zataka, 23. vItarAga yoga, 24. kAyotsarga, 25. jaina dharma meM dhyAna, 26. vItarAga dhyAna kI prakriyA, 27. pAtaJjala yogasUtra : abhinava nirUpaNa, 28. bandha tattva, 29. vipazyanA, 30. mokSa tattva, 31.preraka rUpaka evaMgadya kAvya 32.Boundless Bliss (mudrita haiM) 1.antara jAneM, 2. amanaska yoga, 3. navatattvasAra, 4. AcArya zrI javAharalAlajI kI dRSTi meM dharma,5.bhArata kI purAtana sAdhanA-paddhatiyoM meM dhyAna, kRtiyA~ mudraNAdhIna haiN| akhila bhAratIya jaina vidvat pariSad ke adhyakSa hone ke sAtha Apa zvetAmbara, digambara donoM jaina sampradAyoM ke Agama-marmajJa jaina vidvAn haiN| Apa eka utkaSTa dhyAna sAdhaka, cintaka, gaMveSaka haiN| prastuta pustaka Apake jIvana, cintaka evaM satya dRSTi kA eka pratibimba hai| ISBN 978-93-81571-38-5 prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI, jayapura sosAyaTI phaoNra sAinTiphika eNDa ethikala liviMga 13e, gurunAnaka patha, mena mAlavIya nagara, jayapura phona : 0141-2524827,2520230 E-mail : prabharati@gmail.com Web-Site: prakritbharati.com 917893811571385 // Rs250.00