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अध्याय-३
द्वयोर्द्वयोः पूर्वाः पूर्वगाः ॥२१॥ (ये चौदह नदियाँ दो के समूह में लेना चाहिये) हर दो-दो के समूह में से पहली-पहली नदी पूर्व की ओर बहती है (और उस दिशा के समुद्र में मिलती है)।
The first of each pair of rivers flows eastwards.
The sūtra specifies that these rivers are in groups of two and each group flows in one region. It precludes the interpretation that all the rivers flow in one region. The directions are also indicated by the phrase 'pūrvāḥ pūrvagāḥ'. The first river in each group falls into the eastern ocean. These are eastern rivers. On what basis is the first to be taken? The sūtra clarifies that the first seven rivers mentioned are not to be taken as the first rivers. First of each pair is to be taken as 'first' and these only are the eastern rivers.
What is the direction of the rest?
शेषास्त्वपरगाः ॥२२॥
बाकी रही सात नदियाँ पश्चिम की ओर जाती हैं (और उस तरफ के समुद्र में मिलती हैं)।
The rest are the western rivers.
Those which have been left out from each pair must be understood as the western rivers. As these flow into the western ocean, these are called the western rivers. River Gangā rises from lake Padma and flows through its eastern archway. River Sindhu originates from its
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