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अध्याय-७
stealing. No. That does not constitute stealing as these are left free for anyone to pass through. The ascetic does not enter private roads and gateways which are closed and are not left free. Further, 'pramattayogat' - 'out of passion' - is supplied from the earlier sūtra. It implies that taking of anything 'out of passion' is stealing. And there is no passion in the ascetic who passes through the streets. It follows that activity actuated by impure dispositions is stealing (steya), whether external objects are taken or not.
The fourth vow of unchastity (abrahma) is defined now.
मैथुनमब्रह्म ॥ १६ ॥
[ मैथुनमब्रह्म ] जो मैथुन है सो अब्रह्म अर्थात् कुशील है।
Copulation (maithuna) is unchastity (abrahma).
The desire of the man and the woman to touch and embrace each other owing to the rise of the conduct-deluding (caritramohaniya) karmas is called 'mithuna' and the resulting activity is called 'maithuna'. Not all activities of the man and the woman together are 'maithuna'; only the activities prompted by sexual desire are 'maithuna'. Reference in the texts to the desire of a mare and a stallion indicate the same thing. Moreover 'out of passion' is supplied. By that only the action of a couple leading to sexual pleasure is included and not all activities. That which leads to enhancement of virtues like non-injury (ahimsā) is chastity (brahma). The opposite of this is unchastity (abrahma). What is it? It is copulation. Copulation promotes injury (himsā), etc. He who indulges in copulation causes injury to immobile and mobile beings. He utters falsehood, takes away things not given, and accumulates possessions, both living (cetana) and non-living (acetana).
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