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Tattvārthasūtra
the ailing ascetic - glāna, the congregation of aged saints - gaņa, the congregation of disciples of a common teacher – kula, the congregation of the four orders of ascetics - samgha, the long-standing ascetic - sādhu, and the saint of high reputation – manojña.
Respectful service is of ten kinds, for its objects are of ten kinds - service rendered to the head of the congregation, service rendered to the preceptor, and so on. 'Acārya' is the head from whom the vows are taken and practised. 'Upadhyāya' is the preceptor under whom the Scripture is studied in order to attain liberation. "Tapasvī’ is the saint who practises long fasts, etc. The disciple saint is called 'saikşa'. 'Glāna' is the saint whose body is afflicted on account of illness, etc. 'Gaņa'is the congregation of old ascetics. “Kula'is the congregation of disciples of the same head. 'Samgha' is the fourfold community of ascetics consisting of anagāra, yati, rși, and muni.1 The ordinary ascetic is the anagāra. The yati has the ability to engage in purecognition (suddhopayoga); he reaches the advanced stages (śreņī) called upaśama and kşapaka. The muni is the one endowed with special knowledge (jñāna) that may take the form of avadhijñāna, manaḥparyayajñāna and kevalajñāna. The țși is the one endowed with special accomplishment (yddhi). “Sādhu' is the saint of longstanding. “Manojña' is the saint of high reputation. When these are subject to illness, affliction or perverted faith, rendering help to them with bodily activity or other materials is respectful service - vaiyāurttya. This is done for attaining equanimity or concentration, for overcoming the feeling of disgust and for proclaiming affection to the members of the order of saints.
The subdivisions of study – svādhyāya - are described in the next sutra.
1 - see Māilladhavala's 'Nayacakko', verse 332.
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