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अध्याय-९
वाचनापृच्छनानुप्रेक्षाऽम्नायधर्मोपदेशाः ॥२५॥
[ वाचनापृच्छनानुप्रेक्षाऽम्नायधर्मोपदेशाः ] वाचना, पृच्छना, अनुप्रेक्षा, आम्नाय और धर्मोपदेश - ये स्वाध्याय के पाँच भेद हैं।
The five subdivisions of study - svadhyaya - are: teaching — vācanā, questioning - prcchanā, reflection – anupreksā, recitation – āmnāya, and preaching - dharmopadeśa.
Teaching - vācană - consists in teaching of the Scripture - words or meanings or both - with precision. Putting questions to others with the object of clearing doubts or strengthening one's knowledge is questioning-prṛcchana. Contemplation on the knowledge acquired is reflection- anupreksā. Recitation - āmnāya is repeating the text again and again with correct pronunciation. Preaching - dharmopadeśa - is narrating moral stories, etc., for the benefit of the suitable recipients. What is the purpose of these five types of study svadhyāya? The objects are extraordinary knowledge, purity in disposition, wholesome fear of worldly existence, progress of austerities, and freedom from transgression.
The subdivisions of renunciation-vyutsarga - are described next.
बाह्याभ्यन्तरोपध्योः ॥२६॥
[ बाह्याभ्यन्तरोपध्योः ] बाह्य और अभ्यन्तर उपधि का व्युत्सर्ग यह दो प्रकार का व्युत्सर्ग तप हैं।
The two subdivisions of renunciation - vyutsarga giving up external (bāhya) and internal (abhyantara) appendages (upadhi).
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