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अध्याय-७
Charity (dāna) is the giving of one's objects to another for mutual benefit - anugraha.
'Anugraha' means beneficial to both, the giver and the recipient. The giver accumulates merit (punya); this is benefit to the giver. The gift promotes right knowledge, etc., in the recipient; this is benefit to the recipient. The word 'sva'in the sūtra means wealth. Thus, renouncing one's wealth or possessions for mutual benefit is charity (dāna).
Charity (dāna) has been described. Are there any distinctions with regard to the effects of the gift?
विधिद्रव्यदातृपात्रविशेषात्तद्विशेषः ॥३९॥
[विधिद्रव्यदातृपात्रविशेषात् ] विधि, द्रव्य, दातृ और पात्र की विशेषता
[ afgeta:] fH #fata atat
The effect of giving of the gift – dāna – has distinctions based on the specific manner in which it is given - vidhiviseșa, the specific thing given – dravyaviseșa, the specific nature of the giver - dātrviseșa, and the specific nature of the recipient - pātravićeșa.
The manner is the way in which a guest is received and attended to. The distinction is excellence or superiority due to particular qualities. It is added on to everything - excellence of the manner, excellence of the thing given, superiority of the giver, and superiority of the recipient. Thus, ‘vidhiviseșa' is the distinction in the manner the guest is received and attended to - with reverence or without reverence. The excellence of the thing given - dravyaviseșa – consists in its quality to promote austerity, study, etc. The superiority of the
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