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Tattvārthasūtra
These are of varied duration; of one, two, three, four, numerable and innumerable instants. These particles are characterized by five colours, five tastes, two odours, and four kinds of touch and are fit to be turned into the eight species of karmas. Owing to the activity (yoga) of the soul these are bound with the soul. Thus space-bondage (pradeśabandha) must be understood in brief.
It was contended earlier (see sūtra 1-4) that merit (punya) and demerit (pāpa) are implied in influx (āsrava) and bondage (bandha). Hence these – merit (punya) and demerit (pāpa)– must be explained now. The next sūtra determines the karmas that constitute merit (punya).
सद्वेद्यशुभायुर्नामगोत्राणि पुण्यम् ॥२५॥ [ सद्वेद्यशुभायुर्नामगोत्राणि ] साता वेदनीय, शुभ आयु, शुभ नाम और शुभ गोत्र [ पुण्यम् ] ये पुण्य-प्रकृतियाँ हैं।
The auspicious varieties of the feeling-producing - sātāvedanīya, life-determining - śubha āyuḥ, physiquemaking - śubha nāma, and status-determining - śubha gotra, karmas constitute merit (punya).
The word 'śubha’means auspicious or laudable. It is added to the rest severally-auspicious life, auspicious name and auspicious status. The three auspicious life-karmas are: life as plant and animal - tiryańcāyuh, life as a human being-manusyāyuh and life as a celestial being - devāyuh. The thirty-seven auspicious name-karmas are: the human state of existence – manusyagati, the celestial existence - devagati, the class of beings with five senses-pańcendriyajāti, the five bodies - śarīa, the three chief and secondary parts - angopānga, the perfectly symmetrical body - samacaturasra samsthāna, extra
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