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अध्याय-९
उत्तमक्षमामार्दवार्जवशौचसत्यसंयमतपस्त्यागाकिञ्चन्य
ब्रह्मचर्याणि धर्मः ॥६॥
उत्तम
[ उत्तमक्षमामार्दवार्जवशौचसत्यसंयमतपस्त्यागाकिश्चन्यब्रह्मचर्याणि ] उत्तम क्षमा, उत्तम मार्दव, उत्तम आर्जव, उत्तम शौच, उत्तम सत्य, संयम, उत्तम तप, उत्तम त्याग, उत्तम आकिंचन्य और उत्तम ब्रह्मचर्य दस [ धर्मः ] धर्म हैं।
ये
Supreme forbearance - uttama kṣamā, supreme modesty - uttama mardava, supreme straightforwardness - uttama ārjava, supreme purity - uttama sauca, supreme truthfulness - uttama satya, supreme self-restraint - uttama samyama, supreme austerity - uttama tapa, supreme renunciation – uttama tyaga, supreme nonattachment - uttama akińcanya, and supreme celibacy - uttama brahmacarya, constitute ten virtues (dharma).
The foremost means of stoppage (samvara) is 'control', that is, to curb activity (yoga). In case of those who cannot curb activity (yoga) altogether, the second means is mentioned - the 'regulation' of activity by giving it proper direction. And the object of the tenfold virtue (dharma) is to avoid spiritual inertia or negligence (pramada), while getting engaged in activities such as movement.
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Forbearance – kṣamă – is the absence of defilement, in form of anger (krodha), in the ascetic, who, as he goes out for food for preserving the body, meets with insolent words, ridicule or derision, disgrace, bodily torment, and so on, from vicious people.
Modesty (humility) - mārdava - is the absence of arrogance or egotism on account of high birth, rank, and so on. 'Mārdava' implies destruction of pride (māna).
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