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अध्याय-४
prevails, as pink (padma) thought-colouration (leśyā) is not expressly mentioned. Thus there is no fault in the interpretation given.
‘Kalpopapanna’has been used earlier. Who are these?
प्राग्ग्रैवेयकेभ्यः कल्पाः ॥२३॥
ग्रैवेयकों से पहिले के सोलह स्वर्गों को कल्प कहते हैं। उनसे आगे के विमान कल्पातीत हैं।
Prior to the graiveyaka are the kalpa.
It is not known wherefrom the kalpa commence. Hence Saudharma, etc., are taken over (from sutra 4-19). It means that Saudharma and the rest, up to graiveyaka, are the kalpa. It also follows that the others are beyond the kalpa-kalpātīta.
Where are the 'laukāntika' deva and who comprise these? Are they vaimānika?
ब्रह्मलोकालया लौकान्तिकाः ॥२४॥
जिनका निवास स्थान ब्रह्मलोक (पाँचवां कल्प) है, उन्हें लौकान्तिक देव कहते हैं।
Brahmaloka is the abode of the 'laukāntika’deva.
'Alaya' is dwelling or abode. Those who have the Brahmaloka as their abode are the 'laukāntika’deva. If so, it would include all deva residing there. No. The word is taken in its etymological sense. The word 'loka' in the sūtra denotes the Brahmaloka and 'lokānta' means the end or
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