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Tattvārthasūtra
fire or air. The activity proceeds with the intermixture or blending of classes. In the same way, direction is included in the space. The convention of the east, the west, etc., - 'the sun rises in the east' - is based on the series or rows of points in the space. The special characteristics of substances are described next.
नित्यावस्थितान्यरूपाणि ॥४॥
ऊपर कहे गये द्रव्यों में से चार द्रव्य [ अरूपाणि] रूप रहित, [नित्यावस्थितानि ] नित्य और अवस्थित हैं।
The substances (dravya) are eternal (nitya), fixed-innumber (avasthita) and colourless (arūpī).
'Nitya' means eternal. From the point of view of modes (paryāya) - paryāyārthika naya - these substances do not ever lose their special (višeșa) marks (lakşaņa), such as assistance in motion (gatihetutva) for the medium of motion (dharma), and from the point of view of substance (dravya)-dravyārthika naya - these substances do not ever lose their common (sāmānya) marks (lakṣaṇa), such as existence (astitva). Hence these substance (dravya) are indestructible and eternal (nitya). This is further highlighted in sūtra 5-31, 'tadbhāvāvyayam nityam’-permanence is indestructibility of the essential nature (quality) of the substance. Since the fixed number is never violated, the substances are fixed-in-number (avasthita). These do not at any time transgress the number six. These are colourless (arūpī) as these do not possess colour (form). By negation of colour, the accompanying attributes of taste, smell and touch also are negatived. Hence these are colourless (arūpī), that is, non-material.
As the common marks of eternity (nitya) and fixity in number (avasthita) pertain to all substances, colourlessness or non
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