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Tattvārthasūtra
CHAPTER-5 THE NON-LIVING SUBSTANCES
The soul (jīva) and the non-soul (ajīva), etc., have been mentioned as the substances of right faith (samyagdarśana); the soul (jīva) has been explained. Now, we have to investigate the substance of non-soul (ajīva). The names and the categories of the non-soul (ajīva) are now mentioned
अजीवकाया धर्माधर्माकाशपुद्गलाः ॥१॥
[धर्माधर्माकाशपुद्गलाः ] धर्म द्रव्य, अधर्म द्रव्य, आकाश और पुद्गल
ER [ 37cilachten: ] 3711a 7911 Fort' - E yagit -
The non-soul substances (bodies) – ajīvakāya – are the medium of motion (dharma), the medium of rest (adharma), the space (ākāśa) and the matter (pudgala).
The term “kāya’is derived from ‘body'. It is applied to these substances on the basis of analogy. These non-soul substances are called 'bodies' on the analogy of the body of a living being. Analogy is in what respect? Just as the body is a conglomeration of matter, so also there is manifoldness of space-points in the medium of motion, etc. Hence these substances also are termed kāya'or 'body'. The word 'non-souľ applies to time (kāla) also which does not have multitude of space-points. Time (kāla) is described later. To indicate that time (kāla) does not have multitude of space-points though it is a non-soul substance, it is not termed a 'kāya'or 'body'. Time (kāla) is of the extent of one atom (the smallest indivisible unit) and it pervades one space-point only. Therefore, it has no second space-point. Hence
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