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________________ sva0 pUjya gurudeva zrI jorAvaramala jI mahArAja kI smRti meM Ayojita saMyojaka evaM pradhAna sampAdaka yuvAcArya zrI mA ekara mAna trINi cedasatrANi. [ dazAzrutaskandha, bRhatkalpasUtra, vyavahArasUtra] (mUla anuvAda-vivecana-TippaNa-pATITATa yukta) neration international Pe Personal use only
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________________ OM ahaM jinAgama-granthamAlA : granthAGka 32-A {paramazraddheya gurudeva pUjya zrI jorAvaramalajI mahArAja ko puNyasmRti meM prAyojita trINi chedasUtrANi dazAzrutaskandha - bRhatkalpa vyavahArasUtra [mUlapATha, hindI anuvAda, vivecana, TippaNa yukta] preraNA (sva.) upapravartaka zAsanasevI svAmI zrI bajalAlajI mahArAja saMyojaka tathA prAdya sampAdaka (sva0) yuvAcArya zrI mizrImalajI mahArAja 'madhukara' anuvAdaka --- vivecaka---sampAdaka anuyogapravartaka muni zrI kanhaiyAlAlajI ma. 'kamala' gItArya zrI tilokamunijI ma0 prakAzaka zrI AgamaprakAzana samiti, byAvara (rAjasthAna)
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________________ jinAgama-granthamAlA : granthAGa 32-A / nirdezana ___ sAdhvI zrI umarAvakuvara 'arcanA' / sampAdakamaNDala anuyogapravartaka muni zrI kanhaiyAlAlajI 'kamala' upAcArya zrI devendramuni zAstrI zrI ratanamuni 0 sampreraka muni zrI vinayakumAra 'bhIma' zrI mahendramuni 'dinakara' [prathama saMskaraNa vIra nirvANa saM02517 vikrama saM0 2048 janavarI 1992 I. / prakAzaka zrI AgamaprakAzana samiti zrI braja-madhukara smRti bhavana, pIpaliyA bAjAra, byAvara (rAjasthAna) pina-305901 ] mudraka satIzacandra zukla vaidika yaMtrAlaya, kesaragaMja, ajamera-305001 D mUlya 160) rupAne : .
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________________ Publisbed at the Holy Remembrance occasion of Rev. Guru Shri Joravarmalji Maharaj TREENI CHHEDSUTRANI Dashashrutskandha Brihatkalpa Vyavhar Sutras ( Original Text with Variant Readings, Hindi Version, Notes and Annotations etc. ] Inspiring Soul (Late) Up-pravartaka Shasansevi Rev. Swami Shri Brijlalji Maharaj Convener & Founder Editor (Late) Yuvacharya Shri Mishrimalji Maharaj 'Madhukar' Trabslator-Annotator-Editor Anuyoga Pravartaka Muni Shri Kanbaiyalalji 'Kamal' Geetarth Shri Tilokmuniji Publishers Shri Agam Prakashan Samiti Beawar (Raj.)
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________________ Jinagam Granthmala Publicatios No. 32-B O Direction Sadhwi Shri Umravkunwar 'Archana' Board of Editors Anuyogapravartaka Muni Shri Kanbaiyalalji 'Kamal' Upacharya Shri Devendra Muni Shastri Shri Ratan Muni O Promotor Muni Shri Vinayakumar 'Bhima' Sri Mahendra Muni 'Dinakar' First Edition Vir-Nirvana Samvat 2517 Vikram Samvat 2048, January 1992. O Publisher Shri Agam Prakashan Samiti, Shri Brij-Madhukar Smriti Bhawan, Pipaliya Bazar, Beawar (Raj.) Pin 305 901 O Printer Satish Chandra Shukla Vedic Yantralaya Kesarganj, Ajmer Price Rs Gtd +75|
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________________ samarpaNa niraticAra saMyamasAdhanA meM satata saMlagna rahane vAle atIta, anAgata aura vartamAna ke sabhI zrutadhara sthaviroM ke karakamaloM meN| samarpaka anuyogapravartaka muni kanhaiyAlAla 'kamala' gItArtha tilokamuni
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________________
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________________ prakAzakIya "trINi chedamutrANi' zIrSaka ke antargata dazAzrutaskandha, bRhatkalpa aura vyavahAra ye tIna chedamUtra prakAzita hai| pRSTha maryAdA adhika hone se nizIthamutra ko pRthaka granthAMka ke rUpa meM prakAzita kiyA hai / ina cAroM chedasUtroM kA anuvAda. vivecana, saMpAdana aAdi kA kArya mukhya rUpa se anuyogapravartaka muni zrI kanhaiyAlAlajI ma. 'kamala' ke sAnnidhya meM gItArtha muni zrI tilokamunijI ne vahuta parizrama. lagana aura manoyogapUrvaka kiyA hai| atAva pAThakagaNa chedamtroM sambandhI apanI jijJAsAnoM ke samAdhAna ke lie muni zrI tilokamunijI se saMparka bnaayeN| AgamabattImI ke aMtima varga meM chadasUtroM kA samAveza hai| inake prakAzana ke sAtha sabhI AgamoM kA prakAzana kArya saMpanna ho gayA hai / atAva upamahAra ke rUpa meM mamiti apanA nivedana prastuta karatI hai-- zramaNamaMdha ke yuvAcAryazrI sva. zraddhaya madhukaramunijI ma. sA. jaba apane mahAmahima gurudevazrI jorAvaramalajI ma. sA. meM prAgamoM kA adhyayana karate the taba gurudevazrI ne aneka bAra apane udgAra vyakta kiye the ki prAgamoM ko unakI TIkAnoM kA mArAMza lekara sarala subodha bhASA, zailI meM upalabdha karAyA jAye to paThana-pAThana ke liye vizeSa upayogI hogaa| gurudevazrI ke ina udagAroM meM bavAcAryazrI jI ko preraNA milii| apane jyeSTha gahamrAtA svAmIjI zrI hajArImalajI ma., svAmIjI zrI brajalAlajI ma. se carcA karate, yojanA banAte aura jaba apanI ora me yojanA ko pUrNa pada diyA taba vidvadvarya munirAjoM, viduSI sAdhviyoM ko bhI apane vicAroM meM avagata kraayaa| sadgRhasthoM se parAmarza kiyA / ima prakAra mabhI aura meM yojanA kA anumodana ho gayA taba vi. saM. 2036 vaizAkha zuklA 10 zramaNabhagavAna mahAvIra ke kaivalyadivasa para bhagavAna kI dezanA rUpa pAgamabattIsI ke saMpAdana, prakAzana ko prArambha karane kI ghoSaNA kara dI gaI aura nirdhArita rIti-nIti ke anusAra kArya prArambha ho gyaa| yuvAcArya cAdara-pradAna mahAtmava divasa para grAcArAMgamtra ko jinAgama granthamAlA granyAMka 1 ke rUpa meM pAThakoM ke adhyayanArtha prastuta kiyaa| yaha prakAzana-parampaga pravAdha gati meM cala rahI thI ki dAruNaprasaMga upasthita ho gayA. avasAda kI gaharI ghaTAyeM ghira graaii| yojanAkAra yuvAcAryazrI divaMgata ho gye| yaha mAmika grAghAta thaa| kintu sAhama aura sva. yuvAcAryazrI ke varada pAzIrvAdoM kA saMbala lekara samiti apane kArya meM tatpara rhii| isI kA suphala hai ki grAgamavatIsI ke prakAzana ke jisa mahAna kArya ko prArambha kiyA thA, vaha yathAvidhi sampanna kara sakI hai| mamiti adhyAtmayoginI viduSI mahAmatI zrI umarAvakUvarajI ma. sA. "arcanA" kI kRtajJa hai| apane mArga-darzana aura yuvAcAryazrI ke rikta sthAna kI puti kara kArya ko pUrNa karane kI preraNA dii| padmazrI mohanamalajI
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________________ sA. coraDiyA, zrI cimmatasiMhajI lor3hA, zrI pukharAjajI zizodiyA, zrI cAMdamalajI binAyakiyA, paNDita zrI zobhAcandrajI bhArilla aAdi va anyAnya ajAta karmaTha mahayogIyoM kA jo aba hamAre bIca nahIM haiM, smaraNa kara zraddhAMjali samarpita karatI hai| aMta meM samiti apane sahayogI parivAra ke pratyeka sadasya ko dhanyavAda detI hai| inake sahakAra meM jaina vAGamaya kI caturdika-caturgaNita zrIvRddhi kara makI hai| hama to inake mArgadarzana meM mAmAnya kAryavAhaka kI bhUmikA kA nirvAha kara rahe haiN| ratanacanda modI kAryavAhaka adhyakSa amaracanda modI sAyaramala coraDiyA mahAmaMtrI zrI Agama prakAzana samiti, pIpaliyA bAjAra, byAvara-305901 amaracanda modI maMtrI
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________________ sampAdakIya cheda-sUtra : samIkSAtmaka vivecana pAgamoM kI saMkhyA sthAnakavAsI jaina paraMparA jina AgamoM ko vItarAga-vANI ke rUpa meM mAnatI hai, unakI saMkhyA 32 hai| vaha isa prakAra hai-gyAraha aMga, bAraha upAMga, cAra mUla, cAra cheda aura eka Avazyaka / zvetAmbara mUrti-pUjaka paraMparA ke anusAra paiMtAlIsa Agama haiN| aMga, upAMga Adi kI saMkhyA to samAna hai| kintu prakIrNakoM aura chedasUtroM meM nizItha, dazAzrutaskandha, bRhatkalpa va vyavahArasUtra ke sAtha mahAnizItha aura paMcakalpa ko adhika mAnA hai| aMga, upAMga Adi AgamoM meM dharma, darzana, AcAra, saMskRti, sabhyatA, itihAsa, kalA Adi sAhitya ke sabhI aMgoM kA samAveza hai / parantu mukhya rUpa se jaina darzana aura dharma ke siddhAntoM aura AcAroM kA vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai| aMga, upAMga, mUlavarga meM prAyaH saiddhAntika vicAroM kI mukhyatA hai| AcArAMga, upAsaka dazAMga aura prAvazyaka sUtroM meM prAcAra kA vistAra se varNana kiyA hai| chedasUtra AcArazuddhi ke niyamopaniyamoM ke prarUpaka haiN| prastuta meM chedasUtroM sambaMdhI kucha saMketa karate haiN| chedasUtra nAma kyoM? cheda zabda jaina paramparA ke liye navIna nahIM hai| cAritra ke pAMca bhedoM meM dUsare kA nAma chedopasthApanAcAritra hai / kAna, nAka prAdi avayavoM kA bhedana to cheda zabda kA sAmAnya artha hai, kintu dharma-sambandhI cheda kA lakSaNa isa prakAra hai vajjhANuTANeNaM jeNa Na bAhijjae taye nniyyaa| saMbhavai ya parisuddha' so puNa dhammammi cheutti / jina bAhyakriyAoM se dharma meM bAdhA na AtI ho aura jisase nirmalatA kI vaddhi ho, use cheda kahate haiN| ataeva chedopasthApanA kA lakSaNa yaha huA-purAnI sAvadha paryAya ko chor3akara ahiMsA prAdi pAMca prakAra ke yamarUpa dharma meM AtmA ko sthApita karanA chedopasthApanAsaMyama hai| athavA jahA~ hiMsA, corI ityAdi ke bheda pUrvaka sAvadha kriyAoM kA tyAga kiyA jAtA hai aura vratabhaMga ho jAne para isakI prAyazcitta Adi se zuddhi kI jAtI hai, usako chedopasthApanA saMyama kahate haiN| yaha niraticAra aura sAticAra ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai| niraticAra chedopasthApanA meM pUrva ke sarvasAvadyatyAga rUpa sAmAyika cAritra ke pRthaka-pRthaka ahiMsA Adi paMca mahAvrata rUpa bheda karake sAdhaka ko sthApita kiyA jAtA hai| sAticAra chedopasthApanAcAritra meM upasthApita (pUna: sthApita) karane ke liye AlocanA ke sAtha prAyazcitta bhI Avazyaka hai| yaha prAyazcittavidhAna skhalanAoM kI gaMbhIratA ko dekhakara kiyA jAtA hai| prAyazcitta dasa prakAra ke haiN| inameM chedaprAyazcitta sAtavAM hai| AlocanAI prAyazcitta se chedAha prAyazcitta paryanta sAta prAyazcitta hote haiN| ye veSayukta zramaNa ko diye jAte haiN| aMtima tIna veSamukta zramaNa ko diye jAte haiN|
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________________ veSamukta zramaNa ko diye jAne vAle prAyazcittoM meM chedaprAyazcitta aMtima prAyazcitta hai| isake sAtha pUrva ke chaha prAyazcitta grahaNa kara liye jAte haiN| mUlAha, anavasthApyAI aura pAriJcikAI prAyazcitta vAle alpa hote haiN| AlocanAha se chedAha paryanta prAyazcitta vAle adhika hote haiN| isaliye unakI adhikatA se sahasrAmravana nAma ke samAna dazAzrutaskandha (AcAradasA) bRhatkalpa, vyavahAra, nizItha AgamoM ko chedasUtra kahA jAtA hai| chedasUtroM kA sAmAnya varNya-viSaya uparyukta kathana se yaha jJAta ho jAtA hai ki sAdhanAmaya jIvana meM yadi sAdhaka ke dvArA koI doSa ho jAye kaise bacA jAye, usakA parimArjana kaise kiyA jAye, yaha chedasUtroM kA sAmAnya varNya-viSaya hai| isa dRSTi se chedasUtroM ke viSayoM ko cAra bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA jA sakatA hai - 1. utsargamArga, 2. apavAdamArga, 3. doSasevana, 4 prAyazcittavidhAna / 1. jina niyamoM kA pAlana karanA sAdhu-sAdhvIvarga ke liye anivArya hai| binA kisI honAdhikatA, parivartana ke samAna rUpa se jisa samAcArI kA pAlana karanA avazyaMbhAvI hai aura isakA prAmANikatA se pAlana karanA utsargamArga hai| nirdoSa cAritra kI prArAdhanA karanA isa mArga kI vizeSatA hai| isake pAlana karane se sAdhaka meM apramattatA banI rahatI hai tathA isa mArga kA anusaraNa karane vAlA sAdhaka prazaMsanIya evaM zraddheya banatA hai| 2. apavAda kA artha hai vizeSavidhi / vaha do prakAra kI hai--(1) nirdoSa vizeSavidhi aura (2) sadoSa vizeSavidhi / sAmAnyavidhi se vizeSavidhi balavAna hotI hai| ApavAdika vidhi sakAraNa hotI hai| uttaraguNapratyAkhyAna meM jo prAgAra rakhe jAte haiM, ve saba nirdoSa apavAda haiN| jisa kriyA, pravatti se prAjJA kA atikramaNa na hotA ho, vaha nirdoSa hai, parantu prabalatA ke kAraNa mana na hote hue bhI vivaza hokara jisa doSa kA sevana karanA par3atA hai yA kiyA jAye, vaha sadoSa apavAda hai / prAyazcitta se usakI zuddhi ho jAtI hai| yaha mArga sAdhaka ko prArta-raudra dhyAna se bacAtA hai| yaha mArga prazaMsanIya to nahIM hai kintu itanA nindanIya bhI nahIM ki lokApavAda kA kAraNa bana jaaye| anAcAra to kisI bhI rUpa meM apavAdavidhi kA aMga nahIM banAyA yA mAnA jA sakatA hai| svecchA aura svacchandatA se svairAcAra meM pravRta honA, maryAdA kA atikramaNa karate hue apane svArtha, mAna-abhimAna ko sarvopari sthApita karanA, saMgha kI avahelanA karanA, uddaNDatA kA pradarzana karanA, anuzAsana bhaMga karanA anAcAra hai| yaha akalpanIya hai, kintu anAcArI kalpanIya banAne kI yukti-prayuktiyoM kA sahArA letA hai| aisA vyakti, sAdhaka kisI bhI prakAra kI vidhi se zuddha nahIM ho sakatA hai aura na zuddhi ke yogya pAtra hai| 3, 4-doSa kA artha hai utsarga aura apavAda mArga kA bhaMga karanA aura usa bhaMga ke zuddhikaraNa ke liye kI jAne vAlI vidhi, prAyazcita kahalAtI hai| prabalakAraNa ke hone para anicchA se, vismRti aura pramAdavaza jo doSa sevana ho jAtA hai, usakI zuddhi ke liye prAyazcitta se zuddha honA, yahI chedasUtroM ke varNana kI sAmAnya rUparekhA hai| prAyazcita ko anivAryatA doSazuddhi ke liye prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai, uparyukta kathana se yaha jJAta ho jAtA hai| isI saMdarbha meM yahA~ kucha vizeSa saMketa karate haiN| [10]
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________________ anagAradharma ke pAMca prAcAroM ke bIcoMbIca cAritrAcAra ko sthAna dene kA yaha hetu hai ki jJAnAcAradarzanAcAra tathA tapAcAra-vIryAcAra kI samanvita sAdhanA nirvighna sampanna ho, isakA eka mAtra sAdhana cAritrAcAra hai / cAritrAcAra ke ATha vibhAga haiM--pAMca samiti, tIna gupti / pA~ca samitiyAM saMyamI jIvana meM nivRttimUlaka pravRttirUpA haiM aura tIna guptiyAM to nivRttirUpA hI haiN| inakI bhUmikA para anagAra kI sAdhanA meM eka apUrva ullAsa, utsAha ke darzana hote haiN| kintu viSaya-kaSAyavaza, rAga-dveSAdi ke kAraNa yadi samiti, gupti aura mahAvratoM kI maryAdAoM kA atikrama, vyatikrama yA aticAra yadA-kadA ho jAye to surakSA ke liye prAyazcitta prAkAra (parakoTA) rUpa hai| phalitArtha yaha hai ki mUlaguNoM, uttaraguNoM meM pratisevanA kA dhuna laga jAye to usake parihAra ke liye prAyazcitta anivArya hai| chedaprAyazcitta kI mukhyatA kA kAraNa prAyazcitta ke dasa prakAra haiN| inameM prAraMbha ke chaha prAyazcitta sAmAnya doSoM kI zuddhi ke liye haiM aura aMtima cAra prAyazcitta prabala doSoM ko zuddhi ke liye haiN| chedArha prAyazcitta meM aMtima cAra prAyazcittoM meM prathama prAyazcitta hai| vyAkhyAkAroM ne isakI vyAkhyA karate hae Ayurveda kA eka rUpaka prastuta kiyA hai| usakA bhAva yaha hai--kisI vyakti kA aMga-upAMga roga yA viSa se itanA adhika dUSita ho jAye ki upacAra se usake svastha hone kI saMbhAvanA hI na rahe to zalyakriyA se usa aMga-upAMga kA chedana karanA ucita hai, para roga yA viSa ko zarIra meM vyApta nahIM hone denA caahiye| kyoMki aisA na karane para akAlamRtyu avazyaMbhAvI hai| kintu aMgachedana ke pUrva vaidya kA kartavya hai ki rugNa vyakti aura usake nikaTa saMbaMdhiyoM ko samajhAye ki aMga-upAMga roga se itanA dUSita ho gayA hai ki aba poSadhopacAra se svastha hone kI saMbhAvanA nahIM hai| jIvana kI surakSA aura vedanA kI mukti cAheM to zalyakriyA se aMga-upAMga kA chedana karavA leN| yadyapi zalyakriyA se aMga-upAMga kA chedana karate samaya tIvra vedanA hogI para hogI thor3I dera, kintu zeSa jIbana vartamAna jaisI vedanA se mukta rhegaa| isa prakAra samajhAne para vaha rugNa vyakti aura usake abhibhAvaka aMga-chedana ke liye sahamata ho jAye to cikitsaka kA kartavya hai ki aMga-upAMga kA chedana kara zarIra aura jIvana ko vyAdhi se bacAve / __ isa rUpaka kI taraha prAcArya Adi anagAra ko samajhAyeM ki doSa pratisevanA se Apake uttaraguNa itane adhika dUSita ho gaye haiM ki aba unakI zuddhi AlocanAdi sAmAnya prAyazcittoM se saMbhava nahIM hai| aba Apa cAheM to pratisevanAkAla ke dinoM kA chedana kara zeSa saMyamI jIvana ko surakSita kiyA jaaye| anyathA na samAdhimaraNa hogA aura na bhavabhramaNa se mukti hogii| isa prakAra samajhAne para vaha anagAra yadi pratisevanA kA parityAga kara chedaprAyazcitta svIkAra kare to prAcArya use chedaprAyazcitta dekara zuddha kreN| yahA~ yaha vizeSa jAnanA cAhiye ki chedaprAyazcitta se kevala uttaraguNoM meM lage doSoM kI zuddhi hotI hai| mUlaguNoM meM lage doSoM kI zuddhi mUlAha Adi tIna prAyazcittoM se hotI hai| chedasUtroM kI varNanazailI __ chedasUtroM meM tIna prakAra ke cAritrAcAra pratipAdita haiM--(1) heyAcAra, (2) jJeyAcAra, (3) upAdeyAcAra / inakA vistRta vicAra karane para yaha rUpa phalita hotA hai (1) vidhikalpa, (2) niSedhakalpa, (3) vidhiniSedhakalpa, (4) prAyazcittakalpa, (5) prakIrNakaH / inameM se prAyazcittakalpa ke atirikta anya vidhi-kalpAdika ke cAra vibhAga hoMge [11]
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________________ (1) nirgranthoM ke vidhikalpa, (2) nigraMthiyoM ke vidhikalpa, (3) nigrantha-nirgranthiyoM ke vidhikalpa, (4) sAmAnya vidhikalpa / isI prakAra niSedhakalpa Adi bhI samajhanA cAhiye / jina sUtroM meM 'kappaI' zabda kA prayoga hai, ve vidhikalpa ke sUtra haiN| jinameM 'no kappaI' zabda prayoga hai, ve niSedhakalpa ke sUtra haiN| jinameM 'kappaI' aura 'no kappaI' donoM kA prayoga hai ve vidhi-niSedhakalpa ke sutra haiM aura jinameM 'kappaI' aura 'nokappaI' donoM kA prayoga nahIM hai ve vidhAnasutra haiN| prAyazcittavidhAna ke liye sUtroM meM yathAsthAna spaSTa ullekha hai| chedasUtroM meM sAmAnya se vidhi-niSedhakalpoM kA ullekha karane ke bAda nirgranthoM ke liye vidhikalpa aura niSedhakalpa kA spaSTa saMketa kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra nirgranthI ke vidhi-niSedhakalpa kA kathana hai| donoM ke liye kyA aura kauna vidhi-niSedhakalpa rUpa hai aura pratisevanA hone para kisakA kitanA prAyazcitta vidhAna hai, usakI yahAM vistRta sUcI denA saMbhava nahIM hai| granthAvalokana se pAThakagaNa svayaM jJAta kara leN| prAyazcittavidhAna ke dAtA-AdAtA kI yogyatA doSa ke parimArjana ke liye prAyazcitta vidhAna hai| isake lene aura dene vAle kI pAtratA ke sambandha meM chedasUtroM meM vistRta varNana hai| jisake saMkSipta sAra kA yahAM kucha saMketa karate haiN| atikrama, vyatikrama, aticAra, anAcAra doSa sevana ke kAraNa haiM / kintu jo vakratA aura jar3atA ke kAraNa doSoM kI AlocanA sahajabhAva se nahIM karate haiM, ve to kabhI bhI zuddhi ke pAtra nahIM bana sakate haiM / yadi koI mAyApUrvaka AlocanA karatA hai taba bhI usakI AlocanA phalaprada nahIM hotI hai| usakI manobhUmikA aAlocanA karane ke liye tatpara nahIM hotI to prAyazcitta karanA AkAzakusumabat hai| ukta kathana kA sArAMza yaha huA ki Alocaka Rju, chalakapaTa se rahita manasthitivAlA honA caahiye| usake aMtar meM pazcAttApa kI bhAvanA ho, tabhI doSaparimArjana ke liye tatpara ho skegaa| isI prakAra prAlocanA karane vAle kI AlocanA sunane vAlA aura usakI zuddhi meM sahAyaka hone kA adhikArI vahI ho sakegA jo prAyazcittavidhAna kA marmajJa ho, taTastha ho, dUsare ke bhAvoM kA vettA ho, paristhiti kA parijJAna karane meM sakSama ho, svayaM nirdoSa ho, pakSapAta rahita ho, prAdeya vacana vAlA ho| aisA variSTha sAdhaka doSI ko nirdoSa banA sakatA hai| saMgha ko anuzAsita evaM lokApavAda, bhrAMta dhAraNAoM kA zamana kara sakatA hai| isa saMkSipta bhUmikA ke AdhAra para aba isa grantha meM saMkalita-1. dazAzrutaskandha, 2. bRhatkalpa aura 3. vyavahAra, ina tIna chedasUtroM kA saMkSipta paricaya prastuta karate haiN| (1) dazAzrutaskandha athavA prAcAradazA samavAyAMga, uttarAdhyayana aura AvazyakasUtra meM kalpa aura vyavahArasUtra ke pUrva AyAradasA (AcAradazA) yA nAma kahA gayA hai| ataH chedasUtroM meM yaha prathama chedasUtra hai| sthAnAMgasUtra ke dasaveM sthAna meM isake dasa adhyayanoM kA ullekha hone se 'dazAzrutaskandha' yaha nAma adhika pracalita ho gayA hai| dasa adhyayanoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM1. asamAdhisthAna, 2, sabaladoSa, 3. aAzAtanA, 4. gaNisampadA, 5. cittasamAdhisthAna, 6. upAsakapratimA, 7. bhikSapratimA, 8. paryuSaNAkalpa 9. mohanIyasthAna aura 10. AyatisthAna / ina dasa adhyayanoM meM asamAdhisthAna, [12]
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________________ cittasamAdhisthAna, mohanIyasthAna aura AyatisthAna meM jina tattvoM kA saMkalana kiyA gayA hai, ve vastutaH yogavidyA se saMbaddha haiN| yogazAstra se unakI tulanA kI jAye to jJAta hogA ki citta ko ekAgra tathA samAhita karane ke lie prAcAradazA ke dasa adhyayanoM meM ye cAra adhyayana atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai / upAsakapratimA aura bhikSupratimA zrAbaka va zramaNa kI kaThoratama sAdhanA ke uccatama niyamoM kA parijJAna karAte haiM / paryuSaNAkalpa meM paryuSaNa raba karanA cAhiye, kaise manAnA cAhiye...? kaba manAnA cAhiye, isa viSaya para vistAra se vicAra kiyA gayA hai| sabaladoSa aura AzAtanA ina do dazAnoM meM sAdhujIvana ke dainika niyamoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai aura kahA gayA hai ki ina niyamoM kA paripAlana honA hI caahiye| inameM jo tyAjya haiM, unakA dRr3hatA se tyAga karanA cAhiye aura jo upAdeya haiM, unakA pAlana karanA caahiye| caturtha dazAgaNisaMpadA meM AcAryapada para virAjita vyakti ke vyaktitva, prabhAva tathA usake zArIrika prabhAva kA atyanta upayogI varNana kiyA gayA hai| prAcAryapada kI lipsA meM saMlagna vyaktiyoM ko prAcAryapada grahaNa karane ke pUrva inakA adhyayana karanA Avazyaka hai| isa prakAra yaha dazAzrutaskandha (AcAradazA) satra zramaNajIvana meM atyanta mahattvapUrNa sthAna rakhatA hai| prakArAntara se dazAzrataskandha kI dazAoM ke pratipAdya kA ullekha isa rUpa meM bhI ho sakatA haiprathama tIna dazAnoM aura aMtima do dazAoM meM sAdhaka ke heyAcAra kA pratipAdana hai| cauthI dazA meM agItArtha anagAra ke jJeyAcAra kA aura gItArtha anagAra ke liye upAdeyAcAra kA kathana hai| pAMcavI dazA meM upAdeyAcAra kA nirUpaNa hai| chaThI dazA meM anagAra ke liye jayAcAra aura sAgAra (zramaNopAsaka) ke liye upAdeyAcAra kA kathana hai| sAtavI dazA meM anagAra ke liye upAdeyAcAra aura sAgAra ke liye jJeyAcAra kA kathana kiyA hai| AThavIM dazA meM anagAra ke liye kucha jJeyAcAra, kucha heyAcAra aura kucha upAdeyAcAra hai| isa prakAra yaha AcAradazA-dazAzrutaskaMdha anagAra aura sAgAra donoM ke liye upayogI hai| kalpa, vyavahAra Adi chedasUtroM meM bhI heya, jJeya aura upAdeya prAcAra kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| (2) bRhatkalpasUtra kalpa zabda aneka arthoM kA bodhaka hai, isa zabda kA prayoga vaidika sAhitya meM upalabdha hotA hai| veda ke chahaH aMga haiM unameM eka vaha aMga hai jisameM yajJa prAdi karmakANDoM kA vidhAna hai, vaha aMga kalpa kahalAtA hai| kAlamAna ke liye bhI kalpa zabda kA prayoga milatA hai| caudaha manvantaroM kA kAlamAna kalpa zabda se jAnA jAtA hai| usameM cAra araba, battIsa karor3a varSa bIta jAte haiN| itane lambe kAla kI saMjJA ko kalpa kahA hai| sadRza artha meM bhI kalpa zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai, jaise ki zramaNakalpa, RSikalpa ityAdi / kalpa zabda usa vRkSa ke lie bhI prayukta hotA hai jo vRkSa manovAMchita phala dene vAlA hai, vaha kalpavRkSa kahalAtA hai| rAjyamaryAdA ke lie bhI kalpa zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| bArahaveM devaloka taka rAjanIti kI maryAdA hai| isI kAraNa una devalokoM ko 'kalpa devaloka' kahA jAtA hai| maryAdA vaidhAnikarIti se jo bhI koI jIvana calAtA hai, vaha avazya hI sukha aura sampatti se samRddha bana jAtA hai| prastuta zAstra kA nAma jisa kalpa zabda se caritArtha kiyA hai, vaha uparyukta arthoM se bilkula bhinna hai| [13]
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________________ prastuta prasaMga meM kalpa zabda kA artha dharma-maryAdA hai| sAdhu AcAra hI dharma-maryAdA hai| jisa zAstra meM dharmamaryAdA kA varNana ho baha kalpa hai, nAma viSayAnurUpa hI hai| jisa zAstra kA jaisA viSaya ho vaisA nAma rakhanA yathArtha nAma kahalAtA hai| sAdhudharma ke Antarika aura bAhya-AcAra kA nirdeza evaM maryAdA batAne vAlA zAstra kalpa kahalAtA hai| jisa sUtra meM bhagavAna mahAvIra, pArzvanAtha, ariSTanemi aura RSabhadeva kA jIvanavRtta hai, usa zAstra ke aMtima prakaraNa meM sAdhu samAcArI kA varNana hai| vaha paryuSaNAkalpa hone se laghukalpa hai| usakI apekSA se jisameM sAdhu-maryAdA kA varNana vistRta ho, vaha vahatvalpa kahalAtA hai| isameM sAmAyika, chedopasthApanIya aura parihAravizuddhi ina tInoM cAritroM ke vidhi vidhAnoM kA sAmAnya rUpa se varNana hai / bRhatkalpa zAstra meM jo bhI varNana hai una sabakA pAlana karanA ukta cAritrazIloM ke liye avazyaMbhAvI hai / vividha sUtroM dvArA sAdhu sAdhvI kI vividha maryAdAoM kA jisameM varNana kiyA gayA hai, use bahatkalpasUtra kahate hai / prAkRta bhASA meM bihakkappasuttaM rUpa banatA hai| prastuta "kappasuttaM" (kalpasUtra) aura "kappasuya" (kalpazruta) eka haiM yA bhinna haiM ? yaha AzaMkA aprAsaMgika hai, kyoMki "kappasuttaM" kAlika Agama hai| aAcAradazA arthAt dazAzrutaskandha kA AThavAM adhyayana "paryuSaNAkalpa" hai, isameM kevala varSAvAsa kI samAcArI hai| kucha zatAbdiyoM pahale isa "paryuSaNAkalpa" ko tIrthaMkaroM ke jIvanacaritra tathA sthavirAvalI se saMyukta kara diyA gayA thaa| yaha zanaiH-zanai: kalpasUtra ke nAma se janasAdharaNa meM prasiddha ho gyaa| isa kalpasUtra se prastuta kalpasUtra kA nAma bhinna dikhAne ke lie prastuta kalpasUtra kA nAma bahatkalpasUtra diyA gayA hai| vAstava meM bRhatkalpasUtra nAma ke Agama kA kisI Agama meM ullekha nahIM hai| nandIsatra meM isakA nAma "kappo" hai / kappasuyaM ke do vibhAga haiM "cullakappasuyaM" aura "mahAkappasurya" / isI prakAra "kappiyAkappiyaM" bhI utkAlika Agama hai| ye saba prAyazcitta-vidhAyaka Agama haiM, para ye vicchinna ho gaye haiM aisA jainasAhitya ke itihAsajJoM kA abhimata hai| kalpa vargIkaraNa prastuta "kalpasuttaM" kA mUla pATha gadya meM hai aura 473 anuSTupa zloka pramANa hai / isameM 81 vidhi-niSedhakalpa haiM / ye sabhI kalpa pAMca samiti aura pAMca mahAvratoM se sambandhita haiM / ataH inakA vargIkaraNa yahA~ kiyA gayA hai| jina sUtroM kA eka se adhika samitiyoM yA eka se adhika mahAvratoM se sambandha hai, unakA sthAna samiti aura mahAvrata ke saMyukta vidhi-niSedha aura mahAvratakalpa zIrSaka ke antargata hai| uttarAdhyayana a0 24 ke anusAra IryAsamiti kA viSaya bahuta vyApaka hai, isalie jo sUtra sAmAnyatayA jJAna, darzana yA cAritra Adi se sambandhita pratIta hue haiM unako "IryAsamiti ke vidhi-niSedhakalpa" zIrSaka ke nIce sthAna diyA hai| vargIkaraNadarzaka prArUpa isa prakAra hai (1) IryAsamiti ke vidhi-niSedha kalpa--1. cArasUtra, 2. adhvagamanasUtra, 3. AryakSetrasUtra, 4. mahAnadIsUtra, 5. bairAjya-viruddharAjyasUtra, 6. antagRhasthA, 7. vAcanAsUtra, 8. saMjJApyasUtra, 9. gaNAntaropasampatsUtra, 10. kalpasthitisUtra / 1. abhidhAna rAjendra : bhAga tRtIya pRSTha 239 para "kappasuyaM" zabda kA vivecana / [14]
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________________ (2) IryAsamiti aura pariSThApanikAsamiti ke saMyukta vidhi-niSedhakalpa---11. vicArabhUmivihArabhUmisUtra / (3) bhASA-samiti ke vidhi-niSedhakalpa-12. vacanasUtra, 13. prastArasUtra, 14. antaragRhasthAnAdisUtra, (4) eSaNAsamiti ke vidhi-niSedhakalpa [AhAraSaNA] -- 15. pralambasUtra, 16. rAtri bhaktasUtra, 17. saMkhatisUtra, 18. sAgArika-pArihArikasUtra, 19. AhutikA-nihati kAsUtra, 20. aMzikAsUtra, 21.kAlakSetrAtikrAntasUtra, 22. kalpasthitAkalpasthitasUtra, 23. saMstRta-nivicikitsasUtra, 24. udgArasUtra, 25. grAhAravidhisUtra, 26. parivAsitasUtra, 27. pulAkabhaktasUtra, 28. kSetrAvagrahapramANasUtra, 29. rodhaka (senA) sUtra (pANaSaNA) 30. pAnakavidhisUtra, 31. aneSaNIyasUtra, 32. mokasUtra, (vastraMSaNA) 33. cilimilikA sUtra 34. rAtrivastrAdigrahaNasatra, 35. hatAhatAsUtra, 36, upadhisUtra, 37. vastrasutra, 38. nizrAsUtra, 39. trikRtsnacatuHkRtsnasUtra, 40. samavasaraNasUtra, 41. yathAratnAdhika vastraparibhAjakasUtra, (vastra-pASaNA) 42. pravagrahasUtra, (pASaNA) 43. ghaTImAtraka sUtra , (rajoharaNaiSaNA) 44. rajoharaNasUtra, (camaiSaNA) 45. carmasUtra, (zayyA-saMstArakeSaNA) 46. zayyA-saMstArakasUtra, 47. yathAratnAdhika zayyA-saMstAraka-paribhAjanasUtra, (sthAneSaNA) 48. avagrahasUtra, (upAzrayaiSaNA) 49. ApaNagRha-rathyAmukhasUtra, 50. citrakarmasUtra, 51. sAgArika nidhAsUtra, 52. sAgArika upAzrayasUtra, 53. pratibaddha zayyAsUtra, 54. gAthApatikulamadhyavAsasUtra, 55. upAzrayasUtra, 56. upAzrayavidhisUtra, (vasatinivAsa) 57. mAsakalpasUtra, 58. vagaDAsUtra, mahAvatoM ke anadhikArI 59. pravrAjanAsUtra (mahAvrata prarUpaNa) 60. mahAvatasUtra, prathama mahAvata ke vidhiniSedhakalpa 61. adhikaraNasUtra, 62. vyavazamanasUtra, prathama aura tRtIya mahAvata ke vidhiniSedhakalpa 63. AvasthAppasUtra, prathama-caturtha mahAvata ke vidhiniSedhakalpa 64. dakatIrasUtra, 65. anudghAtikasUtra, caturthamahAvata ke vidhiniSedhakalpa 66. upAzraya-pravezasUtra, 67. apAvRtadvAra upAzrayasUtra, 68. avagrahAnantaka-pravagrahapaTTakasUtra, 69. brahmApAyasUtra, 70. brahmarakSAsUtra, 71. pArAJcikasutra, 72. kaNTakAdi-uddharaNasUtra, 73. durgasUtra, 74. kSiptacittAdisUtra, tapakalpa' 75. kRtikarmasUtra 76. glAnasUtra, 77. pArihArikasUtra 78. vyavahArasUtra, maraNottaravidhi 79. vizvambhavanasUtra, mahAvata aura samiti ke saMyuktakalpa 80. parimanthasatra isa vargIkaraNa se pratyeka vijJapAThaka isa Agama kI upAdeyatA samajha sakate haiN| zrAmaNya jIvana ke lie ye vidhi-niSedhakalpa kitane mahattvapUrNa haiN| inake svAdhyAya evaM cintana-manana se hI paMcAcAra kA yathArtha pAlana sambhava hai| yaha pAgamajJoM kA abhimata hai tathA ina vidhi-niSedhakalpoM ke jJAtA hI kalpa viparIta pAcaraNa ke nivAraNa karane meM samartha ho sakeMge, yaha svataH siddha hai| (3) vyavahArasUtra prastuta vyavahArasUtra tRtIya chedasUtra hai / isake dasa uddezaka haiN| dasaveM uddezaka ke aMtima (pAMcaveM) sUtra meM pAMca vyavahAroM ke nAma hai / isa sUtra kA nAmakaraNa bhI pA~ca vyavahAroM ko pramukha mAnakara hI kiyA gayA hai| 1. upAzraya vidhi-niSedha-kalpa ke jitane sUtra haiM ve prAyaH caturtha mahAvata ke vidhi-niSedha-kalpa bhI haiN| 2. vinaya yAvatya aura prAyazcitta prAdi grAbhyantara tapoM kA vidhAna karane vAle ye satra haiN| 3. prathama chedasUtra dazA, (AyAradazA dazAzrutaskandha), dvitIya chedasUtra kalpa (bRhatkalpa) aura tRtIya chedasUtra vyavahAra / dekhie sama0 26 sUtra--2 / athavA utta0 a0 31, gA0 17 / bhASyakAra kA mantavya hai-vyavahArasUtra ke dasaveM uddezaka kA pAMcavAM sUtra hI antima sUtra hai| puruSaprakAra se dasavidhavaiyAvatya paryanta jitane sUtra haiM, ve saba parivadhita haiM yA cUlikArUpa hai| [ 15 ]
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________________ vyavahAra-zabdaracanA vi+va+ha-+dhA / 'vi' aura 'ava' ye do upasarga haiN| haja-haraNe dhAtu hai / 'ha' dhAtu se 'pA' pratyaya karane para hAra banatA hai| vi+va+hAra---ina tInoM se vyavahAra zabda kI racanA huI hai| 'vi'--vividhatA yA vidhi kA sUcaka hai| 'prava'--saMdeha kA sUcaka hai| 'hAra'-haraNa kriyA kA sUcaka hai| phalitArtha yaha hai ki vivAda viSayaka nAnA prakAra ke saMzayoM kA jisase haraNa hotA hai vaha 'vyavahAra' hai| yaha vyavahAra zabda kA vizeSArtha hai| vyavahArasUtra ke pramukha viSaya 1. vyavahAra, 2. vyavahArI aura 3. vyavahartavya-ye tIna isa sUtra ke pramukha viSaya haiN| ___ dasaveM uddezaka ke antima sUtra meM pratipAdita pAMca vyavahAra karaNa (sAdhana) haiM, gaNa kI zuddhi karane vAle gItArtha (prAcAryAdi) vyavahArI (vyavahAra kriyA pravartaya) kartA haiM, aura zramaNa zramaNiyAM vyavahartavya (vyavahAra karane yogya) haiM / arthAt inakI aticAra zuddhirUpa kriyA kA sampAdana vyavahArajJa vyavahAra dvArA karatA hai| jisa prakAra kumbhakAra (kartA), cakra, daNDa mRttikA sUtra Adi karaNoM dvArA kumbha (karma) kA sampAdana karatA hai-isI prakAra vyavahArajJa vyavahAroM dvArA vyavahartavyoM (gaNa) kI aticAra zuddhi kA sampAdana karatA hai| vyavahAra-vyAkhyA vyavahAra kI pramukha vyAkhyAyeM do haiM / eka laukika vyAkhyA aura dUsarI lokottara vyAkhyA / laukikA vyAkhyA do prakAra kI hai--1. sAmAnya aura 2. vizeSa / sAmAnya vyAkhyA hai-dUsare ke sAtha kiyA jAne vAlA AcaraNa athavA rupaye-paisoM kA lena-dena / vizeSa vyAkhyA hai-abhiyoga kI samasta prakriyA arthAta nyAya / isa viziSTa vyAkhyA se sambandhita kucha zabda pracalita haiN| jinakA prayoga vaidika paramparA kI zrutiyoM evaM smRtiyoM meM cirantana kAla se calA mA rahA hai| yathA-- 1. vyavahArazAstra-(daNDasaMhitA) jisameM rAjya-zAsana dvArA kisI vizeSa viSaya meM sAmUhika rUpa se banAye gaye niyamoM ke nirNaya aura niyamoM kA bhaMga karane para diye jAne vAle daNDoM kA vidhAna va vivecana hotA hai| 1. 'vi' nAnArthe ''va' saMdehe, 'haraNaM' hAra ucyate / nAnA saMdehaharaNAda, vyavahAra iti sthitiH 1-kAtyAyana / nAnA vivAda viSayaH saMzayo hiyate'nena iti vyavahAraH / 2. cattAri purisajAyA paNNattA, taM jahAgaNasohikare nAma ege no maannkre|.... ----vyava0 puruSaprakAra sUtra 3. gAhA-vahArI khalu kattA, vavahAro hoI karaNabhUto u| vahariyavvaM kajja, kubhAdi tiyassa jaha siddhI / / --vya0 bhAdhyapIThikA gAthA 2 4. na kazcit kasyacinmitraM, na kazcit kasyacid ripuH / vyavahAreNa jAyante, mitrANi ripavastathA / / -hito0 mi0 72 5. parasparaM manuSyANAM, svArthavipratipattiSu / vAkyAnayAyAd vyavasthAna, vyavahAra udAhRtaH / / mitaakssraa| [16]
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________________ 2. vyavahArajJa--(nyAyAdhIza) jo vyavahArazAstra kA jJAtA hotA hai vahI kisI abhiyoga Adi para vivekapUrvaka vicAra karane vAlA evaM daNDanirNAyaka hotA hai| ____ lokottara vyAkhyA bhI do prakAra kI hai.-1 sAmAnya aura 2 vizeSa / sAmAnya vyAkhyA hai--eka gaNa kA dUsare gaNa ke sAtha kiyA jAne vAlA AcaraNa / athavA eka zramaNa kA dUsare zramaNa ke sAtha, eka AcArya, upAdhyAya Adi kA dUsare AcArya , upAdhyAya Adi ke sAtha kiyA jAne vAlA AcaraNa / vizeSa vyAkhyA hai -sarvajJokta vidhi se tapa prabhRti anuSThAnoM kA "vapana" yAne bonA aura usase aticArajanya pApa kA haraNa karanA vyavahAra hai'| 'vivApa' zabda ke sthAna meM 'vyava' Adeza karake 'hAra' zabda ke sAtha saMyukta karane para vyavahAra zabda kI sRSTi hotI hai yaha bhASyakAra kA nirdeza hai| vyavahAra ke bheda-prabheda vyavahAra do prakAra kA hai--1 bidhi vyavahAra aura 2 avidhi vyavahAra / avidhi vyavahAra mokSa-virodhI hai, isalie isa sUtra kA viSaya nahIM hai, apitu vidhi vyavahAra hI isakA viSaya hai| vyavahAra cAra prakAra ke haiM-1 nAmavyavahAra 2 sthApanAvyavahAra 3 dravyavyavahAra aura 4 bhaavvyvhaar| 1. nAmavyavahAra--kisI vyakti vizeSa kA 'vyavahAra' nAma honA / 2. sthApanAvyavahAra-vyavahAra nAma vAle vyakti kI sat yA asat pratikRti / 3. dravyavyavahAra ke do bheda haiM--Agama se aura noAgama se| Agama se anupayukta (upayogarahita) vyavahAra pada kA jJAtA / noAgama se--dravyavyavahAra tIna prakAra kA hai-1 jJazarIra 2 bhavyazarIra aura 3 tadvyatirikta / jJazarIra-vyavahAra pada ke jJAtA kA mRtazarIra / bhavyazarIra-vyavahAra pada ke jJAtA kA bhAvIzarIra / tavyatirikta dravyavyavahAra-vyavahAra zruta yA pustaka / yaha tIna prakAra kA hai-1 laukika, 2 lokottara aura kupraavnik| laukika dravyavyavahAra kA vikAsakrama mAnava kA vikAsa bhogabhUmi se prArambha huA thaa| usa AdikAla meM bhI puruSa pati rUpa meM aura strI patnI rUpa meM hI rahate the, kintu donoM meM kAma-vAsanA atyanta sImita thii| sAre jIvana meM unake kevala do santAne (eka sAtha) hotI thiiN| unameM bhI eka bAlaka aura eka bAlikA hii| "hama do hamAre do" unake sAMsArika jIvana kA yahI sUtra thaa| ve bhAI-bahina hI yuvAvasthA meM pati-patnI rUpa meM rahane lagate the| 1. vyava0 bhASya0 pIThikA gA0 4 / 2. vyava0 bhASya0 pIThikA gA0 4 / 3. vyaya0 bhASya0 pIThikA gAthA-6 / [ 17 ]
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________________ unake jIvana-nirvAha ke sAdhana the kalpavRkSa / sonA-baiThanA unakI chAyA meM, khAnA phala, pInA vRkSoM kA madajala / pahanate the valkala aura sunate the vRkSavAdya pratipala / na ve kAma-dhandhA karate the, na unheM kisI prakAra kI koI cintA thI, ataH ve dIrghajIvI evaM atyanta sukhI the| na ve karate the dharma, na ve karate the pApakarma, na thA koI vaktA, na thA koI zrotA, na the ve uddaNDa, na unheM koI detA thA daNDa, na thA koI zAsaka, na the ve shaasit| aisA thA yugalajana-jIvana / kAlacakra cala rahA thaa| bhogabhUmi karmabhUmi meM pariNata hone lagI thii| jIvana-yApana ke sAdhana kalpavRkSa vilIna hone lage the| khAne-pIne aura sone-baiThane kI samasyAyeM satAne lagI thiiN| kyA khAyeM-pIyeM ? kahA~ raheM, kahA~ soyeM ? Upara AkAza thA, nIce dharatI thii| sardI, garmI aura varSA se baceM to kaise baceM? --ityAdi aneka cintAoM ne mAnava ko ghera liyA thaa| khAne-pIne ke lie chInA-jhapaTI calane lgii| akAla mRtyue~ hone lagI aura jor3e (pati-patnI) kA jIvana bejor3a hone lgaa| prathama suSama-suSamAkAla aura dvitIya suSamAkAla samApta ho gayA thaa| tRtIya suSamA-duSamAkAla ke do vibhAga bhI samApta ho gaye the| tRtIya vibhAga kA duzcakra cala rahA thA / vaha thA saMkramaNa-kAla / sukha, zAnti evaM vyavasthA ke lie sarvaprathama prathama pAMca kulakaroM ne aparAdhiyoM ko 'hat'--isa vAgdaNDa se pratAr3ita kiyA, para kucha samaya bAda yaha daNDa prabhAvahIna ho gyaa| daNDa kI damana nIti kA yaha prathama sUtra thaa| mAnava hRdaya meM hiMsA ke pratyAropaNa kA yuga yahIM se prArambha huaa| dvitIya pAMca kulakaroM ne AtatAyiyoM ko "mata" isa vAgdaNDa se pratAr3ita kara prabhAvita kiyA, kintu yaha daNDa bhI samaya ke sopAna pAra karatA huA prabhAvahIna ho gayA / tRtIya pAMca kulakaroM ne azAnti phailAne vAloM ko "dhika" isa vAgdaNDa se zAsita kara nigraha kiyaa| yadyapi daNDanIya ke ye tInoM daNDa vAgdaNDa mAtra the, para hiMsA ke paryAyavAcI daNDa ne mAnava ko komala na banAkara krUra banAyA, dayAlu na banAkara duSTa bnaayaa| prathama kulakara kA nAma yadyapi "sumati" thaa| mAnava kI sukha-samRddhi ke lie use "zamana" kA upayoga karanA thA para kAla ke kuTila kucakroM se prabhAvita hokara usane bhI "damana" kA duzcakra claayaa| antima kulakara zrI RSabhadeva the| dhikkAra kI daNDanIti bhI asaphala hone lagI to bhagavAna RSabhadeva (AdinAtha) ke zrImukha se karma tripadI "1 asi, 2 masi, 3 kRSi' prasphurita huii| mAnava ke sAmAjika jIvana kA sUryodaya huA / mAnava samAja do vargoM meM vibhakta ho gayA / eka varga zAsakoM kA aura eka varga zAsitoM kaa| alpasaMkhyaka zAsaka varga bahusaMkhyaka zAsita varga para anuzAsana karane lgaa| bhagavAna AdinAtha ke suputra bharata cakravartI bane / pUrvajoM se virAsata meM milI damananIti kA prayoga ve apane bhAiyoM para bhI karane lge| upazamarasa ke Adizrota bha0 AdinAtha (RSabhadeva) ne bAhabalI Adi ko zAzvata (AdhyAtmika) sAmrAjya ke lie protsAhita kiyA to ve mAna gye| kyoMki usa yuga ke mAnava 'Rjujar3a prakRti ke the| ahiMsA kI amogha amIdhArA se bhAiyoM ke hRdaya meM prajvalita rAjyalipsA kI lobhAgni sarvathA zAnta ho gii| [18]
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________________ bha0 ajitanAtha se lekara bha. pArzvanAtha paryanta 'RjaprAjJa' mAnavoM kA yuga rahA / gyAraha cakravartI, no baladeva, no vAsudeva aura nau prativAsudevoM ke zAsana meM daNDanIti kA itanA damanacakra calA ki saumya zamananIti ko loga prAyaH bhUla gye| dAma- --pralobhana, daNDa aura bheda - ina tIna nItiyoM kA hI sarva sAdhAraNa meM adhikAdhika pracAra-pramAra hotA rahA / aba AyA "vakrajar3a" mAnavoM kA yuga / mAnava ke hRdayapaTala para vakratA aura jar3atA kA sAmrAjya chA gyaa| sAmAjika vyavasthA ke lie daNDa (damana) anivArya mAna liyA gyaa| aMga-bhaMga aura prANadaNDa sAmAnya ho gye| daNDasaMhitAyeM banI, daNDa-yantra bane / daNDanyAyAlaya aura daNDavijJAna bhI vikasita haa| AgneyAstra Adi aneka prakAra ke astra-zastroM ne atIta meM aura vartamAna meM aNubama Adi aneka astroM dvArA nRzaMsa daNDa se damana kA prayoga hotA rahA hai| paurANika sAhitya meM eka daNDapANi (yamarAja) kA varNana hai para Aja to yatra-tatra-sarvatra anekAneka daNDapANi hI calate phirate dikhAI dete haiM / yaha laukika dravyavyavahAra hai| lokottara dravyavyavahAra---prAcAryAdi kI upekSA karanevAle svacchanda zramaNoM kA anya svacchanda zramaNoM ke sAtha azanAdi AdAna-pradAna kA pArasparika vyavahAra / lokottara bhAvavyavahAra-1 yaha do prakAra kA hai ? pAgama se aura 2 nomAgama se / Agama se--- upayogayukta vyavahAra pada ke artha kA jJAtA' / nogrAgama se pAMca prakAra ke vyavahAra haiM 1. Agama, 2. zruta, 3. AjJA, 4. dhAraNA, 5. jIta / 1. jahA~ pAgama ho vahA~ pAgama se vyavahAra kI prasthApanA kreN| 2. jahA~ Agama na ho, zruta ho, vahA~ zruta se vyavahAra kI prasthApanA kreN| 3. jahA~ zruta na ho, prAjJA ho, vahA~ prAjJA se vyavahAra kI prasthApanA kreN| 4. jahA~ prAjJA na ho, dhAraNA ho, vahA~ dhAraNA se vyavahAra kI prasthApanA kareM / 5. jahA~ dhAraNA na ho, jIta ho, vahA~ jIta se vyavahAra kI prasthApanA kreN| ina pAMcoM se vyavahAra kI prasthApanA kareM:-1. pAgama, 2. zruta, 3. prAjJA, 4. dhAraNA aura 5. jIta se| inameM se jahA~-jahA~ jo ho vahA~-vahA~ usI se vyavahAra kI prasthApanA kreN| pra0 bhaMte ! pAgamabalika zramaNa nirgranthoM ne (ina pAMca vyavahAroM ke sambandha meM) kyA kahA hai? u0--(AyuSmana zramaNo) ina pAMcoM vyavahAroM meM se jaba-jaba jisa-jisa viSaya meM jo vyavahAra ho taba-taba usa usa viSaya meM anizritopAzrita ...-- (madhyastha) rahakara samyak vyavahAra karatA huA zramaNa-nirgrantha AjJA kA pArAdhaka hotA hai ! 1. prAgamato vyavahArapadArthajJAtA tatra copayukta 'upayogo bhAva nikSepa' iti vacanAt / -vyava0 bhA0 pIThikA gAthA 6 1. TANaM-5. u0 2 0 421/tathA bhaga0 za0 8. u0 8. sU0 8, 9 / [19]
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________________ AgamavyavahAra kevalajJAniyoM, manaHparyavajJAniyoM aura avadhijJAniyoM dvArA Acarita yA prarUpita vidhi-niSedha AgamavyavahAra hai| nava pUrva, daza pUrva aura caudaha pUrvadhAriyoM dvArA Acarita yA prarUpita vidhi-niSedha bhI AgamavyavahAra hI hai| zrutavyavahAra ATha pUrva pUrNa aura navama pUrva apUrNadhArI dvArA Acarita yA pratipAdita vidhi-niSedha bhI zrutavyavahAra hai| dazA (AyAradazA-dazAzrutaskandha), kalpa (bRhatkalpa), vyavahAra, AcAraprakalpa (nizItha) Adi chedazrata (zAstra) dvArA nirdiSTa vidhi-niSedha bhI zrutavyavahAra hai / AjJAvyavahAra do gItArtha zramaNa eka dUsare se alama dUra dezoM meM vihAra kara rahe hoM aura nikaTa bhaviSya meM milane kI sambhAvanA na ho| unameM se kisI eka ko kalpikA pratisevanA kA prAyazcitta lenA ho to apane aticAra doSa kahakara gItArtha ziSya ko bheje / yadi gItArtha ziSya na ho to dhAraNAkuzala agItArtha ziSya ko sAMketika bhASA meM apane aticAra kahakara dUrastha gItArtha mUni ke pAsa bheje aura usa ziSya ke dvArA kahI gaI AlocanA sanakara vaha gItArtha muni dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva, saMhanana, dhairya, bala Adi kA vicAra kara svayaM vahA~ Ave aura prAyazcitta de| athavA gItArtha ziSya ko samajhAkara bheje| yadi gItArtha ziSya na ho to AlocanA kA sandeza lAne vAle ke sAtha hI sAMketika bhASAoM meM aticAra-zuddhi ke lie prAyazcitta kA saMdeza bheje-yaha prAjJAvyavahAra hai / 2 dhAraNAvyavahAra kisI gItArtha zramaNa ne dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI apekSA se jisa aticAra kA jo prAyazcitta diyA hai, usakI dhAraNA karake jo zramaNa usI prakAra ke aticAra sevana karane vAle ko dhAraNAnusAra prAyazcitta AgamavyavahAra kI kalpanA se tIna bheda kiye jA sakate hai utkRSTa, madhyama aura jaghanya / 1. kevalajJAniyoM dvArA Acarita yA prarUpita vidhi-niSedhapUrNa utkRSTa AgamavyavahAra hai, kyoMki kevalajJAna sakala pratyakSa hai| 2. manaHparyavajJAna aura avadhijJAna yadyapi vikala (deza) pratyakSa haiM phira bhI ye donoM jJAna Atma-sApekSa haiM, isaliye mana:paryavajJAniyoM yA avadhijJAniyoM dvArA Acarita yA prarUpita vidhi-niSedha (madhyama) AgamavyavahAra hai| 3. caudaha pUrva, daza pUrva aura nava pUrva (sampUrNa) yadyapi viziSTa zruta haiM, phira bhI parokSa haiM, ataH inake dhAraka dvArA prarUpita yA Acarita vidhi-niSedha bhI AgamavyavahAra hai, kintu yaha jaghanya AyamavyavahAra hai| 2. so vavahAra vihaNNU, aNumajjittA suttovaeseNa / sIsassa dei appaM, tassa imaM dehi pacchittaM / / --vyava0 bhA0 u0 10 gA0661 / [20]
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________________ detA hai, vaha dhAraNAvyavahAra hai| athavA -vaiyAvatya arthAta sevAkAryoM se jisa zramaNa ne gaNa kA upakAra kiyA hai vaha yadi chedazruta na sIkha sake to guru mahArAja use katipaya prAyazcitta padoM kI dhAraNA karAte haiM yaha bhI dhAraNAvyavahAra hai| jItavyavahAra sthiti, kalpa, maryAdA aura vyavasthA--ye 'jIta' ke paryAyavAcI haiM / gItArtha dvArA pravartita zuddha vyavahAra jItavyavahAra hai| zrutokta prAyazcitta se hIna yA adhika kintu paramparA se Acarita prAyazcitta denA jItavyavahAra hai| sUtrokta kAraNoM ke atirikta kAraNa upasthita hone para jo aticAra lage haiM unakA pravartita prAyazcitta aneka gItArthoM dvArA Acarita ho to vaha bhI jItavyavahAra hai| aneka gItArthoM dvArA nirdhArita evaM sarvasammata vidhi-niSedha bhI jItavyavahAra hai|' vyavahArapaMcaka ke kramabhaMga kA prAyazcitta AgamavyavahAra ke hote huye yadi koI zrutavyavahAra kA prayoga karatA hai to cAra guru ke prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| isI prakAra zratavyavahAra ke hote huye prAjJAvyavahAra kA prayogakartA, yAjJAvyavahAra ke hote haye dhAraNAvyavahAra kA prayogakartA tathA dhAraNAvyavahAra ke hote huye jItavyavahAra kA prayogakartA cAra guru ke prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| vyavahArapaMcaka kA prayoga pUrvAnupUrvIkrama se arthAt anukrama se hI ho sakatA hai kintu pazcAnupUrvIkrama se arthAt viparItakrama se prayoga karanA sarvathA niSiddha hai| AgamavyavahArI AgamavyavahAra se hI vyavahAra karate hai; anya zrutAdi vyavahAroM se nahIM kyoMki jisa samaya sUrya kA prakAza ho usa samaya dIpaka ke prakAza kI AvazyakatA nahIM rhtii| ki puNa guNovaeso, vavahArassa u ciu pasatthasma / eso bhe parikahiyo, duvAlasaMgassa gavaNIyaM / __-vyava0 u0 10 bhASya gAthA 724 / jaM jItaM sAvajja, na teNa jIeNa hoi bvhaaro| jaM jIyamasAvajjaM, teNa u jIeNa vvhaaro|| -vyava0 u0 10 bhASya gAthA 715 / ja jassa pacchittaM, pAyariyaparaMparAe aviruddha / jogA ya bahu vigappA, emo khalu jItakappo / / -vyava0 bhASya pIbikA gAthA 12 / jaM jIyamasohikaraM, pAsattha-pamatta-saMjayAINNaM / jai vi mahAjaNAinna, na teNa jIeNa bvhaaro|| jaM jIyaM sohikara, saMvegaparAyaNena datteNa / egeNa vi pAiNNaM, teNa u jIeNa bvhaaro|| .-vyava0 u0 10 bhASya gAthA 720, 721 / [21]
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________________ jItavyavahAra tIrtha (jahA~ taka caturvidha saMgha rahatA hai vahA~ taka) paryanta rahatA hai / anya vyavahAra vicchinna ho jAte haiN|' kuprAvanikavyavahAra anAja meM, rasa meM, phala meM aura phala meM hone vAle jIvoM kI hiMsA ho jAve to ghI cATane se zuddhi ho jAtI hai| kapAsa, rezama, Una, ekakhura aura dokhura vAle pazu, pakSI, sugandhita padArtha, auSadhiyoM aura rajju Adi kI corI kare to tIna dina dUdha pIne se zuddhi ho jAtI hai| Rgveda dhAraNa karane vAlA vipra tInoM loka ko mAre yA kahIM bhI bhojana kare to use kisI prakAra kA pApa nahIM lagatA hai| grISmaRtu meM paMcAgni tapa karanA, varSARtu meM varSA barasate samaya bitA chAyA ke baiThanA aura zaradaRtu meM mIle vastra pahane rahanA-isa prakAra kramazaH tapa bar3hAnA cAhiye / " vyavahArI vyavahArajJa, vyavahArI, vyavahartA-ye samAnArthaka haiN| jo priyadharmI ho, dRr3hadharmI ho, vairAgyavAna ho, pApabhIru ho, sUtrArtha kA jJAtA ho aura rAga-dveSarahita (pakSapAtarahita) ho vaha vyavahArI hotA hai| dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva, aticArasevI puruSa aura pratisevanA kA cintana karake yadi kisI ko aticAra ke anurUpa prAgamavihita prAyazcitta detA hai to vyavahArajJa (prAyazcittadAtA) aArAdhaka hotA hai| 1. gAhA-suttamaNAgayavisayaM, khettaM kAlaM ca pappa vvhaaro| hohiti na AillA, jA titthaM tAva jIto u / / ---vyava0 10 bhASya gAthA 55 / annAdyajAnAM sattvAnAM, rasajAnAM ca sarvazaH / phalapuSpodbhavAnAM ca, ghRtaprAzo vizodhanam // ---manu0 a0 11/143 / kAsakITajIrNAnAM, dvizaphaikazaphasya ca / pakSigandhauSadhInAM ca, rajjvAzcaiva tyahaM payaH / / -manu0 a0 11/16 / 4. hatvA lokAnapImAMstrI, nazyannapi yatastataH / RgvedaM dhArayanvipro, nainaH prApnoti kiJcana // .-manu0 a0 11/261 / grISme paJcatapAstusyAdvarSA svabhrAvakAzikaH / ArdravAsAstu hemante, kramazo vrdhystpH|| -manu0 a0 6/23 / 6. ka-piyadhammA daDhadhammA, saMviggA ceva dajjabhIrU a| suttattha tadubhayaviU, aNissiya vavahArakArI ya / / --vya0 bhASya pIThikA gAthA 14 / kha-1 prAcAravAn, 2 aAdhAravAn, 3 vyavahAravAn, 4 apanIDaka, 5 prakArI, 6 aparizrAvI, 7 niryApaka, 8 apAyadarzI, 9 priyadharmI, 10 dRddh'dhrmii| ThANaM0 10, sU0 733 / ga-vyava0 u010 bhASya gAthA 243 / 245 / 246 / 247 / 298 / 300 / [ 22 ]
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________________ dravya, kSetra prAdi kA cintana kiye binA rAga-dveSapUrvaka hInAdhika prAyazcitta detA hai vaha vyavahArajJa (prAyazcittadAtA) virAdhaka hotA hai|' vyavahartavya vyavahartavya vyavahAra karane yogya nirgrantha haiN| ye aneka prakAra ke haiN| nirgrantha cAra prakAra ke haiM1. ekarAnika hotA hai kintu bhArIkarmA hotA hai, ata: vaha dharma kA anArAdhaka hotA hai| 2. ekarAnika hotA hai aura halukarmA hotA hai, ataH vaha dharma kA pArAdhaka hotA hai|| 3. eka avamarAtnika hotA hai aura bhArIkarmA hotA hai, ataH vaha dharma kA anArAdhaka hotA hai / 4. eka avamarAnika hotA hai kintu halukarmA hotA hai, ata: vaha dharma kA ArAdhaka hotA haiN| isI prakAra nirgranthiyA~ bhI cAra prakAra kI hotI haiN| 4 nirgrantha pAMca prakAra ke haiM--. 1. pulAka--jisakA saMyamI jIvana bhUse ke samAna sArarahita hotA hai| yadyapi tattva meM zraddhA rakhatA hai, kriyAnuSThAna bhI karatA hai, kintu tapAnuSThAna se prApta labdhi kA upayoga bhI karatA hai aura jJAnAticAra lageaisA bartana-vyavahAra rakhatA hai| 2. bakuza-ye do prakAra ke hote haiM--upakaraNabakuza aura zarIrabakuza / jo upakaraNoM ko evaM zarIra ko sajAne meM lagA rahatA hai aura Rddhi tathA yaza kA icchuka rahatA hai / chedaprAyazcitta yogya aticAroM kA sevana karatA hai| 3. kuzIla- yaha do prakAra kA hai-1 pratisevanAkuzIla aura 2 kaSAyakuzIla / pratisevanAkuzIla jo piNDazuddhi Adi uttaraguNoM meM aticAra lagAte haiM / kaSAyakuzIla-jo yadA kadA saMjvalana kaSAya ke udaya se svabhAvadazA meM sthira nahIM raha pAtA / 4. nimrantha-upazAntamoha nirgrantha / 5. snAtaka--sayogIkevalI aura ayogiikevlii| ina pAMca nirgranthoM ke aneka bheda-prabheda haiN| ye saba vyavahArya haiN| jaba taka prathama saMhanana aura caudaha pUrva kA jJAna rahA taba taka pUrvokta dasa prAyazcitta diye jAte the| inake 1. gAhA--jo suyamahijjai, bahaM suttatthaM ca niuNaM vijANAi / kappe vavahAraMmi ya, so u pamANaM suyaharANaM / / kappassa ya nijjutti vavahArassa va paramaniuNassa / jo atthato viyANai, bavahArI so annunnnnaato|| 2. jo dIkSAparyAya meM bar3A ho / 3. jo dIkSAparyAya meM choTA ho / ThANaM04, u0 3, sUtra 320 / -vyava0 u010 bhASya gAthA 605, 607 >> [ 23 ]
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________________ vicchanna hone para anavasthApya aura pArAMcika prAyazcitta bhI vicchanna ho gaye -arthAt ye donoM prAyazcitta ava nahIM diye jAte haiN| zeSa ATha prAyazcitta tIrtha (caturvidhasaMgha) paryanta diye jaayeNge| pulAka ko vyutsarmaparyanta chaha prAyazcitta die jAte the| pratisevakabakuza aura pratisevanAkuzIla ko dasoM prAyazcitta diye jAte haiN| sthaviroM ko anabasthApya aura pArAMcika prAyazcitta nahIM diye jAte; zeSa ATha prAyazcitta diye jAte haiN| nirgrantha ko kevala do prAyazcitta diye jA sakate haiM-1 AlocanA, 2 viveka / snAtaka kevala eka prAyazcitta letA hai-viveka / unheM koI prAyazcitta detA nahIM hai|' 1 sAmAyikacAritra vAle ko cheda aura mUla rahita ATha prAyazcitta diye jAte haiN| 2 chedopasthApanIyacAritra vAle ko dasoM prAyazcitta diye jAte haiN| 3 parihAravizuddhicAritra vAle ko mUlaparyanta pATha prAyazcitta diye jAte haiN| 4 sUkSmasaMparAyacAritra vAle ko tathA 5 yathAkhyAtacAritra vAle ko kevala do prAyazcita diye jAte haiM1 aAlocanA aura 2 viveka / ye saba vyavahArya haiM / 2 vyavahAra ke prayoga vyavahArajJa jaba ukta vyavahArapaMcaka meM se kisI eka vyavahAra kA kisI eka vyavahartavya (vyavahAra karane yogya zramaNa yA zramaNI) ke sAtha prayoga karatA hai to vidhi ke niSedhaka ko yA niSedha ke vidhAyaka ko prAyazcitta detA hai taba vyavahAra zabda prAyazcitta rUpa tapa kA paryAyavAcI ho jAtA hai| ataH yahA~ prAyazcitta rUpa tapa kA saMkSipta paricaya diyA gayA hai| 1 gurukaH, 2 laghuka, 3 laghusvaka / guruka ke tIna bheda 1 guruka, 2 gurutaraka aura 3 yathAguruka / gAhA---pAloyaNapaDikkamaNe, mIsa-vivege taheva viussagge / eecha pacchittA, pUlAganiyaMThAya bodhavvA / / bausapaDisevagANaM, pAyacchinnA havaM ti savve vi / bhave kappe, jiNakappe ahA hoti / / pAloyaNA vivego ya, niyaMThassa duve bhave / vivego ya siNAyassa, emeyA pddivttito|| -vyava0 10 bhASya gAthA 357, 58, 59 sAmAiyasaMjayANaM, pAyacchittA, cheda-mUlarahiyaTThA / therANaM jiNANaM puNa, mUlata avhA hoii|| parihAravisuddhIe, mUlaM tA aTTAti pcchittaa| therANaM jiNANaM puNa, javihaM cheyAdivajja vA / / pAloyaNA-vivego ya taiyaM tu na vijjtii| suhumeya saMparAe, ahakkhAe taheva ya // -vyava0 u010 bhASya gAthA 361-62-63-64 / [ 24 ]
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________________ laghu ke tIna bheda 1. laghuka, 2. laghutaraka aura 3. yathAlaghuka / laghusvaka ke tIna bheda 1. laghusvaka, 2. laghusvataraka aura 3. yathAlaghusvaka / guru prAyazcitta mahA prAyazcitta hotA hai usakI anadadhAtika saMjJA hai| isa prAyazcitta ke jitane dina nizcita haiM aura jitanA tapa nirdhArita hai vaha tapa utane hI dinoM meM pUrA hotA hai| yaha tapa pikApratisevanA vAloM ko hI diyA jAtA hai| guruka vyavahAra : prAyazcita tapa 1. guru prAyazcitta-eka mAsa paryanta aTThama telA (tIna dina upavAsa) 2. gurutara prAyazcitta- cAra mAsa paryanta dazama '.---colA (cAra dina kA upavAsa) 3. gurutara prAyazcita--chaha mAsa paryanta dvAdazama3-pacolA (pAMca dina kA upvaas)| laghuka vyavahAra/prAyazcita tapa 1. laghu prAyazcitta--tIsa dina paryanta chadra--belA (do upavAsa) 2. laghutara prAyazcitta-pacIsa dina paryanta cauttha' - upavAsa / 3. yathAlaghu prAyazcita--bIsa dina paryanta AcAmla / ' 1. laghusvaka prAyazcitta-pandraha dina paryanta eka sthAnaka --(egalaThANo) 2. laghusvataraka prAyazcitta-dasa dina paryanta-pUrvArdha (do porasI) 3. yathAlaghusvaka prAyazcitta-pAMca dina paryanta--nivikRtika (vikRtirahita AhAra) / 1. eka mAsa meM pATha adrama hote haiM--- inameM cauvIsa dina tapazcaryA ke aura ATha dina pAraNA ke| antima pAraNe kA dina yadi chor3a deM to eka mAma (ikatIsa dina) guru prAyazcitta kA hotA hai| meM chaha dasama hote haiM inameM caubIsa dina tapazcaryA ke aura chaha dina pAraNe ke isa prakAra eka mAsa (tIsa dina) guru prAyazcitta kA hotA hai / 3. eka mAsa meM pA~ca dvAdazama hote haiM-inameM pacIsa dina tapazcaryA ke aura pA~ca dina pAraNe ke isa prakAra eka mAsa (tIsa dina) guru prAyazcitta kA hotA hai| 4. tIsa dina meM dasa chuTTa hote haiM- inameM bIsa dina tapazcaryA ke aura dasa dina pAraNe ke hote haiN| meM teraha upavAsa hote haiM. inameM teraha dina tapazcaryA ke aura bAraha dina pAraNe ke / antima pAraNe kA dina yahA~ nahIM ginA hai| 6. bIsa dina meM dasa AcAmla hote haiM-inameM dasa dina tapazcaryA ke aura dasa dina pAraNe ke hote haiM / 7. pandraha dina eka sthAnaka nirantara kiye jAte haiN| 8. dasa dina pUrvArdha nirantara kiye jAte haiN| 9. pAMca dina nirvikRtika AhAra nirantara kiyA jAtA hai| 10. vaha0 udde0 5 bhASya gAthA 6039-6044 / [25]
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________________ guru prAyazcita tapa ke tIna vibhAga1. jaghanya, 2. madhyama aura 3. utkRSTa / 1. jaghanya guru prAyazcitta-eka mAsika aura dvaimAsika / 2. madhyama guru prAyazcitta--traimAsika aura cAturmAsika / 3. utkRSTa guru prAyazcitta-pAMcamAsika aura pANmAsika / jaghanya guru prAyazcitta tapa hai--eka mAsa yA do mAsa paryanta nirantara aTTama tapa krnaa| madhyama guru prAyazcitta tapa hai--tIna mAsa yA cAra mAsa paryanta nirantara dazama tapa krnaa| utkRSTa guru prAyazcitta tapa hai-pA~ca mAsa yA chaha mAsa paryanta nirantara dvAdazama tapa krnaa| isI prakAra lagha prAyazcitta tapa ke aura laghasvaka tapa ke bhI tIna-tIna vibhAga haiN| tathA tapa kI ArAdhanA bhI pUrvokta mAsa krama se hI kI jAtI hai| utkRSTa guru prAyazcitta ke tIna vibhAga-- 1. utkRSTa-utkRSTa, 2. utkRSTa-madhyama, 3. utkRSTa-jaghanya / 1. utkRSTa-utkRSTa guru prAyazcita-pA~ca mAsa yA chaha mAsa paryanta nirantara dvAdazama tapa karanA / 2. utkRSTa-madhyama guru prAyazcitta-tIna mAsa yA cAra mAsa paryanta nirantara dvAdazama tapa karanA / 3. utkRSTa-jaghanya guru prAyazcitta-eka mAsa yA do mAsa paryanta nirantara dvAdazama tapa karanA / isI prakAra madhyama guru prAyazcitta ke tIna vibhAga aura jaghanya guru prAyazcitta ke bhI tIna vibhAga haiN| tapArAdhanA bhI pUrvokta krama se hI kI jAtI hai| utkRSTa lagha prAyazcitta, madhyama lagha prAyazcitta, jaghanya lagha prAyazcitta ke tIna, tIna vibhAga tathA utkRSTa laghusvaka prAyazcitta, madhyama ladhusvaka prAyazcitta aura jaghanya laghusvaka prAyazcitta ke bhI tIna, tIna vibhAga haiN| tapArAdhanA bhI pUrvokta mAsakrama se hai| vizeSa jAnane ke liye vyavahAra bhASya kA adhyayana karanA caahiye| vyavahAra (prAyazcitta) ko upAdeyatA pra0-bhagavana ! prAyazcitta se jIva ko kyA lAbha hotA hai ? u0--prAyazcitta se pApakarma kI vizuddhi hotI hai aura cAritra niraticAra hotA hai| samyak prakAra se prAyazcitta karane para mArga (samyagdarzana) aura mArgaphala (jJAna) kI vizuddhi hotI hai| prAcAra aura prAcAraphala (muktimArga) kI zuddhi hotI hai|' 1. (ka) utta0 a0 29 (kha) pAvaM chidai jamhA, pAyacchittaM tu bhannae teNaM / pAeNa vA vicittaM, visohae teNa pacchittaM // -vyava. bhASya pIThikA, gAthA 35 (ga) prAyaH pApaM samuddiSTaM, cittaM tasya vizodhanam / yadA prAyasya tapasa: cittam nizcaya iti smRtii| (gha) prAyasya pApasya cittaM vizodhanam prAyazcittam / [ 26 ]
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________________ prAyazcitta ke bheda-prabheda 1. jJAna-prAyazcitta-jJAna ke aticAroM kI zuddhi ke liye AlocanA Adi prAyazcitta krnaa|' 2. darzana-prAyazcitta-darzana ke aticAroM kI zuddhi ke liye AlocanA Adi prAyazcitta krnaa| 3. cAritra prAyazcitta-cAritra ke aticAroM kI zuddhi ke liye AlocanA Adi prAyazcitta karanA / 3 4. viyatta kiccapAyacchitte---isa caturtha prAyazcita ke do pAThAntara haiM 1. viyattakiccapAyacchitte-vyaktakRtya prAyazcita / 2. ciyattakiccapAyacchitte-tyaktakRtya prAyazcita / ka---vyaktakRtya prAyazcitta ke do artha haiM--(1) vyakta---arthAta AcArya unake dvArA nirdiSTa prAyazcitta kRtya pApa kA parihAraka hotA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki AcArya yadA-kadA kisI ko prAyazcitta dete haiM to ve aticArasevI ke dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva Adi dekhakara dete haiN| prAcArya dvArA diye gaye prAyazcitta kA ullekha dazAkalpa-vyavahAra Adi meM ho yA na ho phira bhI usa prAyazcitta se Atmazuddhi avazya hotI hai| ___kha----vyakta arthAt spaSTa cheda sUtra nirdiSTa prAyazcitta kRtya / bhinna bhinna aticAroM ke bhinna-bhinna (mAlocanAdi kRtya) prAyazcitta / ka-tyakta kRtyaprAyazcitta ---jo kRtya tyakta haiM unakA prAyazcitta / kha--ciyatta--kA eka artha 'prItikara' bhI hotA hai| prAcArya ke prItikara kRtya vaiyAvRtya Adi bhI prAyazcitta rUpa haiN| dasa prakAra ke prAyazcitta(1) pAlocanA yogya-jina aticAroM kI zUddhi prAlocanA se ho sakatI hai aise aticAroM kI AlocanA (Ga) jisa prakAra laukika vyavahAra meM sAmAjika yA rAjanaitika aparAdhiyoM ko daNDa dene kA vidhAna hai--isau prakAra mUlaguNa yA uttaraguNa sambandhI (1) atikrama, (2) vyatikrama, (3) aticAra aura (4) anAcAraseviyoM ko prAyazcitta dene kA vidhAna hai| sAmAnyatayA daNDa aura prAyazcitta samAna pratIta hote haiM, kintu daNDa krUra hotA hai aura prAyazcitta apekSAkRta komala hotA hai| daNDa anicchApUrvaka svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai aura prAyazcitta svecchApUrvaka svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai / daNDa se bAsanAoM kA damana hotA hai aura prAyazcitta se zamana hotA hai| 1. jJAna ke caudaha aticAra / 2. darzana ke pA~ca aticAra / 3. cAritra ke ekasau chaha (106) aticAra pAMca mahAvrata se paccIsa aticAra / rAtribhojana tyAga ke do aticaar| iryAsamiti ke cAra aticAra / bhASAsamiti ke do aticaar| eSaNA samiti ke seMtAlIsa aticaar| AdAna nikSepaNA samiti ke do ati cAra / pariSThApanA samiti ke dasa praticAra / tIna gupti ke 9 aticaar| saMlekhanA ke 5 aticAra 4. 'ciyatta' kA 'prItikara' arthasUcaka saMskRta rUpAntara milatA nahIM hai| -ardhamAgadhIkoza bhAga 2 ciyattazabda pR0 628 [ 27 ]
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________________ karanA AlocanA yogya prAyazcitta hai| eSaNA samiti aura pariSThApanA samiti ke aticAra prAyaH AlocanA yogya haiN| (2) pratikramaNayoMgya-jina aticAroM kI zuddhi pratikramaNa se ho sakatI hai, aise aticAroM kA pratikramaNa karanA--pratikramaNa yogya hai| samitiyoM evaM guptiyoM ke aticAra prAyaH pratikramaNa yogya haiN| (3) ubhayayogya----jina aticAroM kI zuddhi AlocanA aura pratikramaNa-donoM se hI ho sakatI hai aise aticAroM kI AlocanA tathA unakA pratikramaNa karanA-ubhaya yogya prAyazcitta hai| ekendriyAdi jIvoM kA abhidhAna karane se yAvata sthAnAntaraNa karane se jo aticAra hote haiM ve ubhaya prAyazci yogyatta haiN| (4) vivekayogya-jina aticAroM ko zuddhi viveka arthAt parityAga se hotI hai aise aticAroM kA parityAga karanA viveka (tyAga) yogya prAyazcitta hai| AdhAkarma AhAra yadi A jAya to usakA parityAga karanA hI vivekayogya prAyazcitta hai|| (5) vyutsarga yogya-jina aticAroM kI zuddhi kAyika kriyAoM kA avarodha karake dhyeya meM upayoga sthira karane se hotI hai aise aticAra vyutsarga prAyazcitta yogya haiN| nadI pAra karane ke bAda kiyA jAne vAlA kAyotsarga vyutsarga yogya prAyazcitta hai| (6) tapayogya-jina aticAroM kI zUddhi tapa se hI ho sakatI hai--aise aticAra tapa prAyazcitta yogya haiN| nizIthasUtra nirdiSTa aticAra prAyaH tapa (murumAsa, laghumAsa) prAyazcitta yogya haiN| (7) chedayogya-jina aticAroM kI zuddhi dIkSA cheda se ho sakatI hai ve aticAra cheda prAyazcitta yogya haiN| pA~ca mahAvratoM ke katipaya aticAra cheda prAyazcitta yogya haiN| (8) mUlayogya-jina aticAroM kI zuddhi mahAvratoM ke puna: AropaNa karane se hI ho sakatI hai, aise anAcAra mUla prAyazcitta ke yogya hote haiM / eka yA eka se adhika mahAvratoM kA hone vAlA mUla prAyazcitta yogya hai / (9) anavasthApyayogya-jina anAcAroM kI zuddhi vrata evaM veSa rahita karane para hI ho sakatI hai-aise anAcAra anavasthApya prAyazcitta yogya hote haiM / akAraNa apavAda mArga sevana meM Asakta, eka aticAra kA aneka bAra AcaraNakartA, tathA eka sAtha aneka aticAra sevanakartA cheda prAyazcitta yogya hotA hai| jisa prakAra zeSa aMga kI rakSA ke liye vyAdhivikRta aMga kA chedana atyAvazyaka hai-isI prakAra zeSa vrata paryAya kI rakSA ke liye dUSita vrata paryAya kA chedana bhI atyAvazyaka hai| 2. eka bAra yA aneka bAra paMcendriya prANiyoM kA vadha karane vAlA, zIla bhaMga karane vAlA, saMkliSTa saMkalpapUrvaka mRSAvAda bolane vAlA, adattAdAna karane vAlA, parigraha rakhane vAlA, para-liMga (parivrAjakAdi kA veSa) dhAraNa karane vAlA tathA gRhasthaliMga dhAraNa karane vAlA mUla prAyazcitta yogya hotA hai| 3. anavasthApya prAyazcitta yogya tIna haiM-- 1. sAdhamika kI corI karane vAlA, 2. anyarmiyoM kI corI karane vAlA, 3. daNDa, lAThI yA mukke Adi se prahAra karane vaalaa| -ThANaM0 3, u04 sU0 201 [28]
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________________ (10) pArAMcika yogya-jina anAcAroM kI zuddhi gRhastha kA veSa dhAraNa karAne para aura bahuta lambe samaya taka nirdhArita tapa kA anuSThAna karAne para hI ho sakatI hai aise anAcAra pArAMcikaprAyazcitta yogya hote haiN| isa prAyazcitta vAlA vyakti upAzraya, grAma aura deza se bahiSkRta kiyA jAtA hai| prAyazcitta ke pramukha kAraNa 1. atikrama-doSasevana kA saMkalpa / 2. vyatikrama-doSasevana ke sAdhanoM kA saMgraha karanA / 3. aticAra-doSasevana prArambha krnaa| 4. anAcAra-~-doSasevana kara lenaa| atikrama ke tIna bheda1. jJAna kA atikrama, 2. darzana kA atikrama, 3. cAritra kA atikrm| isI prakAra jJAna kA vyatikrama, aticAra aura anAcAra haiM / darzana aura cAritra ke bhI tIna-tIna bheda haiN| jJAna kA atikrama tIna prakAra kA hai ---- 1. jaghanya, 2. madhyama, 3. utkRSTa / isI prakAra jJAna kA vyatikrama, aticAra aura anAcAra haiN| darzana aura cAritra ke bhI tIna-tIna bheda haiN| jJAnAdi kA atikrama ho gayA ho to guru ke samakSa AlocanA karanA, pratikramaNa karanA tathA nindA, gahare Adi karake zuddhi karanA, punaH doSasevana na karane kA dRr3ha saMkalpa karanA tathA prAyazcitta rUpa tapa karanA / isI prakAra ke jJAna ke vyatikramAdi tathA darzana-cAritra ke atikramAdi kI zuddhi karanI caahie|' 1. ThANaM0 6, sU0 489 / ThANaM0 8, sU0 605 / ThANaM0 9, sU0 688 / ThANaM0 10, sU0 733 / pArAMcika prAyazcitta yogya pA~ca haiM1. jo kula (gaccha) meM rahakara paraspara kalaha karAtA ho| 2. jo gaNa meM rahakara paraspara kalaha karAtA ho| 3. jo hiMsAprekSI ho, 4. jo chidrapremI ho, 5. praznazAstra kA bArambAra prayoga karatA ho| -ThAgaM 5, u01 sU0 398 / pArAMcika prAyazcitta yogya tIna haiM1. duSTa pArAMcika 2. pramatta pArAMcika 3. anyo'nya maithanasevI pArAMcika / anavasthApya aura pArAMcika prAyazcitta ke sambandha meM vizeSa jAnane ke liye vyavahArabhAzya dekhanA caahiye| 2. (ka) ThANaM 3 u04 sU0 195 / (kha) asvAdhyAyakAla meM svAdhyAya karane kA saMkalpa karanA jJAna kA atikrama hai / pustaka lene jAnA- jJAna kA vyatikrama hai / svAdhyAya prArambha karanA jJAna kA aticAra hai| pUrNa svAdhyAya karanA jJAna kA anAcAra hai| isI prakAra darzana tathA cAritra ke atikramAdi samajhane caahie| [29]
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________________ pratisevanA ke dasa prakAra 1. darpapratisevanA-ahaMkArapUrvaka akRtya sevana / 2. pramAdapratisevanA-nidrAdi pAMca prakAra ke pramAdavaza akRtya sevana / 3. anAbhoga pratisevanA--vismRtipUrvaka anicchA se prakRtya sevana / 4. prAturapratisevanA-rugNAvasthA meM akRtya sevana / 5. ApattipratisevanA-dubhikSAdi kAraNoM se akRtya sevana / 6. zaMkita pratisevanA-AzaMkA se prakRtya sevana / 7. sahasAkAra pratisevanA-akasmAt yA balAtkAra se prakRtya sevana / 8. bhayapratimevanA-bhaya se akRtya sevana / 9. pravaSapratisevanA-dveSabhAva se akRtya sevana / 10. vimarzapratisevanA-ziSya kI parIkSA ke nimitta prakRtya sevana / ye pratisevanAyeM saMkSepa meM do prakAra kI haiM-dapikA aura kalpikA / rAga-dveSa pUrvaka jo akRtya sevana kiyA jAtA hai vaha dapikA pratisevanA hai| isa pratisevanA se pratisevaka virAdhaka hotA hai| rAga-dveSa rahita pariNAmoM se jo pratisevanA ho jAtI hai yA kI jAtI hai vaha kalpikA pratisevanA hai| isakA pratisevaka ArAdhaka hotA hai| pATha prakAra ke jJAnAticAra1. kAlAticAra-akAla meM svAdhyAya karanA / 2. vinayAticAra-zruta kA adhyayana karate samaya jAti aura kula mada se guru kA vinaya na krnaa| 3. bahumAnAticAra-zruta aura guru kA sanmAna na krnaa| 4. upadhAnAticAra-zruta kI vAcanA lete samaya prAcAmlAdi tapana krnaa| 5. nihnavanAbhidhAnAticAra-guru kA nAma chipaanaa| 6. vyaMjanAticAra-hInAdhika akSaroM kA uccAraNa krnaa| 7. arthAticAra-prasaMga saMgata artha na karanA / arthAta viparIta artha krnaa| 8. ubhayAticAra-hasva kI jagaha dIrgha uccAraNa karanA, dIrgha kI jagaha hrasva uccAraNa karanA / udAtta __ ke sthAna meM anudAtta kA aura anudAtta ke sthAna meM udAtta kA uccAraNa karanA / atikrama, vyatikrama aura aticAra ye tIna saMjvalana kaSAya ke udaya se hote haiM-inakI zuddhi AlocanAha se lekara tapo'haMparyanta prAyazcittoM se hotI hai / cheda, mUlA, anavasthApya aura pArAMcika prAyazcitta yogya aticAra aura anAcAra zeSa bAraha kaSAyoM (anantAnubandhI 4, apratyAkhyAnI 4, pratyAkhyAnI 4) ke udaya se hote haiN| 1. gAhA--rAgaddosANugayA, tu dappiyA kappiyA tu tdbhaavaa| prArAdhaNA u kappe, virAdhaNA hoti dappeNa // -bRha0 u04 bhASya mAthA 4943 / 2. savve vi aiyArA saMjalaNANaM udayao hoMti // -abhi0 koSa---'aiyAra' zabda / [30]
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________________ prakaTa aura pracchanna doSa sevana atikrama, vyatikrama, aticAra aura anAcAra-ina cAra prakAra ke doSoM kA sevana karane vAle zramaNazramaNiyAM cAra prakAra ke haiM 1. kucha zramaNa-dhamaNiyA~ ina ukta doSoM kA sevana prakaTa karate haiM arthAt pracchanna nahIM karate haiN| 2. kucha zramaNa-zramaNiyA~ ina ukta doSoM kA sevana pracchanna karate haiM arthAt prakaTa nahIM karate haiN| 3. kucha zramaNa-zramaNiyA~ ina ukta doSoM kA sevana prakaTa bhI karate haiM aura pracchanna bhI karate haiN| 4. kucha zramaNa-zramaNiyA~ ina ukta doSoM kA sevana na prakaTa karate haiM aura na pracchanna karate haiN|' prathama bhaMga vAle--zramaNa-zramaNiyA~ anuzAsana meM nahIM rahane vAle avinIta, svacchanda, prapaMcI evaM nirlajja hote haiM aura ve pApabhIrU nahIM hote haiM ataH doSoM kA sevana prakaTa karate haiN| dvitIya bhaMga vAle-zramaNa-zramaNiyA~ do prakAra ke hote haiM-ata: doSa kA sevana prakaTa karate haiM / yathA prazasta bhAvanA vAle-zramaNa-zramaNiyA~ yadi yadA-kadA ukta doSoM kA sevana karate haiM to pracchanna karate haiM, kyoMki ve svayaM paristhitivaza Atmika' durbalatA ke kAraNa doSoM kA sevana karate haiM isalie aisA socate haiM ki mujhe doSa-sevana karate haye dekhakara anya zramaNa-zramaNiyA~ doSa-sevana na kareM ataH ve doSoM kA sevana pracchanna karate haiN| aprazasta bhAvanA vAle...mAyAvI zramaNa-zramaNiyA~ loka-lajjA ke bhaya se yA zraddhAlujanoM kI zraddhA mere para banI rahe isa saMkalpa se ukta doSoM kA sevana prakaTa nahIM karate haiM apitu chipakara karate haiN| tRtIya bhaMga vAle-zramaNa-zramaNiyA~ vaMcaka prakRti ke hote haiM ve sAmAnya doSoM kA sevana to prakaTa karate haiM kintu sazakta (prabala) doSoM kA sevana pracchanna karate haiM / ___yadi unheM koI sAmAnya doSa sevana karate huye dekhatA hai to ve kahate haiM-'sAmAnya doSa to isa paMcamakAla meM sabhI ko lagate haiN| ata: ina doSoM se bacanA asambhava hai|' caturtha bhaMga bAle---zramaNa-zramaNiyAM sacce vairAgya vAle hote haiM, mumukSu aura svAdhyAyazIla bhI hote haiM prataH ve ukta doSoM kA sevana na prakaTa karate haiM, na pracchanna karate haiM / prathama tIna bhaMga vAle zramaNa-zramaNiyoM dvArA sevita doSoM kI zUddhi ke lie hI vyavahArasutra nirdiSTa prAyazcitta-vidhAna hai| aMtima caturtha bhaMga vAle zramaNa-zramaNiyA~ niraticAra cAritra ke pAlaka hote haiM ataH unake lie kisI bhI prakAra ke prAyazcitta kA vidhAna nahIM hai| vyavahArazuddhi kaThina bhI, sarala bhI prathama tIrthaMkara bhagavAna RSabhadeva AdinAtha ke dharmazAsana meM zramaNa-zramaNiyA~ prAyaH Rju-sarala hote the para jaDa (alpabauddhika vikAsa vAle) hote the| ataH ve sUtra siddhAnta nirdiSTa samAcArI kA paripUrNa jJAna tathA paripUrNa pAlana nahIM kara pAte the| unakI vyavahAra zuddhi duHsAdhya hone kA ekamAtra yahI kAraNa thaa| 1. ThANaM-4, u. 1, sU. 272 [31]
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________________ bAvIsa tIrthaMkaroM (bhagavAn ajitanAtha se bha0 pArzvanAtha paryanta) ke zramaNa-zramaNI prAyaH Rju-prAjJa (sarala aura prabuddha) hote the| ve sUtra siddhAnta pratipAdita samAcArI kA paripUrNa jJAna tathA paripUrNa pAlana karane meM sadA prayatnazIla rahate the ataH unakI vyavahAra zUddhi ati sarala thii| antima tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra kI paramparA ke zramaNa-zramaNI prAyaH vakrajaDa haiN| dazA, kalpa, vyavahAra prAdi meM vizada zruta samAcArI ke hote huye bhI pratyeka gaccha bhinna-bhinna samAcArI kI prarUpaNA karatA hai| paryuSaNaparva tathA saMvatsarI parva jaise mahAna dhArmika parvo kI ArAdhanA, pakkhI, caumAsI AlocanA bhI vibhinna dinoM meM kI jAtI hai| vakratA aura jar3atA ke kAraNa mUlaguNa tathA uttaragaNoM meM lagane vAle aticAroM kI AlocanA bhI ve sarala hRdaya se nahIM karate ataH unakI vyavahAra zuddhi ati kaThina hai|' pAlocanA aura Alocaka AlocanA-ajJAna, ahaMkAra, pramAda yA paristhitivaza jo utsarga mArga se skhalana arthAta aticAra hotA hai--use guru ke samakSa prakaTa karanA AlocanA hai aura Alocaka vaha hai jo pUrvokta kAraNoM se lage huye aticAroM ko guru ke samakSa prakaTa karatA hai / ___ yadi Alocaka mAyAvI ho aura mAyApUrvaka pAlocanA karatA ho to usako AlocanA kA use acchA phala nahIM milatA hai| yadi pAlocaka mAyAvI nahIM hai aura mAyArahita AlocanA karatA hai to usakI AlocanA kA use acchA phala milatA hai| vyavahArazuddhi ke liye tathA nizcaya (Atma) zuddhi ke liye lage haye aticAroM kI AlocanA karanA anivArya hai kintu sAdhakoM ke vibhinna varga haiN| unameM eka varga aisA hai jo aticAroM kI pAlocanA karatA hI nahIM hai| unakA kahanA hai-hamane aticAra (akRtya) sevana kiye haiM, karate haiM aura karate rheNge| kyoMki deza, kAla aura zArIrika-mAnasika sthitiyAM aisI haiM ki hamArA saMyamI jIvana niraticAra rahe.-aisA hameM saMbhava nahIM lagatA hai ata: AlocanA se kyA lAbha hai yaha to hastisnAna jaisI prakriyA hai| aticAra lage AlocanA kI aura phira aticAra lage--yaha cakra calatA hI rahatA hai| unakA yaha cintana avivekapUrNa hai kyoMki vastra pahane haiM, pahanate haiM aura pahanate raheMge to pahane gaye vastra malina huye haiM, hote haiM aura hote raheMge--'phira vastra zuddhi se kyA lAbha hai !'---yaha kahanA kahA~ taka ucita hai ? ba taka vastra pahananA hai taba taka unheM zuddha rakhanA bhI eka kartavya hai. kyoMki vastrazuddhi ke bhI kaI lAbha haiM-pratidina zuddha kiye jAne vAle vastra prati malina nahIM hote haiM aura svaccha vastroM se svAsthya bhI samRddha rahatA hai / isI prakAra jaba taka yogoM ke vyApAra haiM aura kaSAya tIvra yA manda hai taba taka aticAra janya karmamala laganA nizcita hai| 1. gAhA-purimANaM dubbisojho u, carimANaM durnnupaalo| kappo majjhimagANaM tu, suvisojho supAlo / --utta. a. 23, gAthA --27 / [ 32]
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________________ pratidina aticAroM kI aAlocanA karate rahane se AsmA karmamala se pratimalina nahIM hotA hai aura bhAvaprArogya rahatA hai| jyoM jyoM yogoM kA vyApAra avaruddha hotA hai aura kaSAya mandatama hote jAte haiM, tyoM tyoM aticAroM kA laganA pralpa hotA jAtA hai| dvitIya varga aisA hai jo ayaza-akIti, avarNa (nindA) yA avajJA ke bhaya se ayavA yaza-kIrti yA pUjA-satkAra kama ho jAne ke bhaya se aticAroM kI AlocanA hI nahIM krte| tRtIya varga aisA hai jo AlocanA to karatA hai para mAyApUrvaka karatA hai / vaha socatA hai maiM yadi pAlocanA nahIM karUgA to merA vartamAna jIvana gahita ho jAyagA aura bhAvI jIvana bhI vikrata ho jAya karUMgA to merA vartamAna evaM bhAvI jIvana prazasta ho jAyagA athavA pAlocanA kara lUgA to jJAna darzana evaM cAritra kI prApti ho jaaygii| mAyAvI Alocaka ko dugunA prAyazcitta dene kA vidhAna prArambha ke sUtroM meM hai| cauthA varga aisA hai jo mAyArahita AlocanA karatA hai, vaha 1. jAtisampanna, 2. kulasampanna, 3. vinayasampanna, 4. jJAnasampanna, 5. darzanasampanna, 6. cAritrasampanna, 7. kSamAzIla, 8. nigrahazIla, 9, amAyI, 10. apazcAttApI / aise sAdhakoM kA yaha varga hai / inakA vyavahAra aura nizcaya donoM zuddha hote haiM / __ pAlocaka gItArtha ho yA agItArtha, unheM AlocanA sadA gItArtha ke sAmane hI karanI cAhiye / gItArtha ke abhAva meM kina ke sAmane karanA caahiye|' unakA eka krama hai--jo chedasUtroM ke svAdhyAya se jAnA jA sakatA hai| vyavahArasUtra kA sampAdana kyoM saMyamI AtmAoM ke jIvana kA carama lakSya hai -"nizcayazuddhi' arthAt AtmA kI (karma-mala se) sarvathA mukti aura isake liye vyavahArasUtra pratipAdita vyavahArazuddhi anivArya hai| jisaprakAra zArIrika svAsthyalAbha ke liye udarazuddhi Avazyaka hai aura udarazuddhi ke liye AhArazuddhi atyAvazyaka hai-isI prakAra prAdhyAtmika ArogyalAbha ke lie nizcayazuddhi Avazyaka hai aura nizcayazuddhi ke liye vyavahArazuddhi Avazyaka hai| kyoMki vyavahArazuddhi ke binA nizcayazuddhi sarvathA asaMbhava hai| sAMsArika jIvana meM vyavahArazuddhi vAle (rupaye-paisoM ke dene lene meM prAmANika) ke sAtha hI lena-dena kA vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai| AdhyAtmika jIvana meM bhI vyavahArazuddha sAdhaka ke sAtha hI kRtikarmAdi (vandana-pUjanAdi) vyavahAra kiye jAte haiN| 1. gAhA-pAyariyapAyamUlaM, gaMtUrNa sai parakkame / tAhe savveNa attasohI, kAyavvA esa uveso|| jaha sakusalo vi vejjo, annassa kahei attaNo vAhi / vejjassa ya so souto, paDikamma samArabhate // jAyAMteNa vi evaM, pAyacchittavihimappaNo niuNaM / taha vi ya pAgaDatarayaM, pAloedavvayaM hoi / jaha bAlo jappaMto, kajjamakajjaM ca ujjuyaM bhaNai / taM taha pAloijjA mAyAmaya vippamukko u / .-vyava0 u0 10 bhASya gAthA 460-471 / [ 33 ]
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________________ vyavahArasUtra pratipAdita pAMca vyavahAroM se saMyamI prAtmAoM kA vyavahArapakSa zuddha (aticArajanya pApamala-rahita) hotA hai| grantha meM prakAzita chedasUtroM ke liye katipaya vicAra vyakta kiye haiN| isa lekhana meM mere dvArA pUrva meM sampAdita aAyAradasA, kappasuttaM chedasUtroM meM paNDitaratna muni zrI vijayamunijI zAstrI ke "prAcAradazA: eka anuzIlana" aura upAdhyAya muni zrI phUlacandajI 'zramaNa ke "bRhatkalpasUtra kI utthAnikA" ke prAvazyaka lekhAMzoM kA samAveza kiyA hai| etadartha munidvaya kA sadhanyavAda AbhAra mAnatA huuN| vistRta vivecana Adi likhane kA kArya zrI tilokamunijI ma. ne kiyA hai| ataeva pAThakagaNa apanI jijJAsAnoM ke samAdhAna ke liye munizrI se saMparka karane kI kRpA kreN| ----muni kanhaiyAlAla "kamala" [ 34 ]
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________________ prastAvanA trINi chedasUtrANi : eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana vaidika paramparA meM jo sthAna veda kA hai, bauddha paramparA meM jo sthAna tripiTaka kA hai, IsAI dharma meM jo sthAna bAIbila kA hai, islAma dharma meM jo sthAna kurAna kA hai, vahI sthAna jainaparamparA meM Agama-sAhitya kA hai| veda tathA bauddha aura jaina Agama-sAhitya meM mahattvapUrNa bheda yaha rahA hai ki vaidika paramparA ke RSiyoM ne zabdoM kI surakSA para adhika bala diyA jabaki jaina aura bauddha paramparA meM artha para adhika bala diyA gayA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki vedoM ke zabda prAya: surakSita rahe haiM aura artha kI dRSTi se ve eka mata sthira nahIM kara sake haiN| jaina aura bauddha paramparA meM isase bilkula hI viparIta rahA hai| vahA~ artha kI surakSA para adhika bala diyA gayA hai, zabdoM kI apekSA artha adhika mahattvapUrNa mAnA gayA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki AgamoM ke pAThabheda milate haiM, para unameM prAyaH arthabheda nahIM hai| veda ke zabdoM meM maMtroM kA prAropaNa kiyA gayA hai jisase zabda to surakSita rahe, para usake artha naSTa ho gae / jaina Agama-sAhitya meM maMtra-zakti kA Aropa na hone se artha pUrNa rUpa se surakSita rahA hai| veda kisI eka RSi vizeSa ke vicAroM kA pratinidhitva nahIM karate, jaba ki jaina gaNipiTaka evaM bauddha tripiTaka kramaza: bhagavAna mahAvIra aura tathAgata buddha kI vANI kA pratinidhitva karate haiN| jaina AgamoM ke artha ke prarUpaka tIrthakara rahe haiM aura sUtra ke racayitA gaNadhara haiN| jaina aura vaidika paramparA kI saMskRti pRthaka-pRthaka rahI hai| janasaMskRti adhyAtma pradhAna hai| jaina AgamoM meM adhyAtma kA svara pradhAna rUpa se jhaMkRta rahA hai, vedoM meM laukikatA kA svara mukharita rahA hai| yahA~ para yaha bAta bhI vismaraNa nahIM honI cAhie ki Aja se paccIsa sau varSa pUrva aNa-vijJAna, jIva-vijJAna, banaspati-vijJAna Adi ke sambandha meM jo bAteM jaina AgamoM meM batAI gaI haiM, unheM par3hakara Aja kA vaijJAnika bhI vismita hai| jaina Agama... sAhitya kA ina aneka dRSTiyoM se bhI mahattva rahA hai| kucha samaya pUrva pAzcAtya aura paurvAtya vijJoM kI yaha dhAraNA thI ki veda hI Agama aura tripiTaka ke mUla srota haiM, para mohanajodar3o aura har3appA kI khudAI se prApta dhvaMsAvazeSoM ne vijJoM kI dhAraNA meM AmUlacUla parivartana kara diyA hai ki AryoM ke Agamana se pUrva bhArata meM jo saMskRti thI vaha pUrNa rUpa se vikasita thI aura vaha zramaNasaMskRti thii| niSpakSa vicArakoM ne yaha satya-tathya eka mata se svIkAra kiyA hai ki zramaNasaMskRti ke prabhAva se hI vaidika paramparA ne ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha mahAvratoM ko svIkAra kiyA hai| Aja jo vaidika { 35 ]
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________________ paramparA meM ahiMsAdi kA varNana hai vaha jainasaMskRti kI dena hai / ' Agama zabda ke aneka artha haiN| usa para maiMne vistAra se carcA kI hai| AcArAGga meM jAnane ke artha meM pAgama zabda kA prayoga hamA hai| "AgamettA-ANavejjA"2 jAnakara prAjJA kre| lAghavaM AgamamANe laghutA ko jAnane vAlA / vyavahArabhASya meM saMghadAsagaNI ne prAgama-vyavahAra kA varNana karate hue usake pratyakSa aura parokSa ye do bheda kiye haiN| pratyakSa meM avadhi, manAparyava aura kevala jJAna hai aura parokSa meM caturdaza pUrva aura unase nyUna zrutajJAna kA samAveza hai| isase bhI spaSTa hai ki jo jJAna hai vaha prAgama hai| sarvajJa sarvadarzI tIrthaMkaroM ke dvArA diyA gayA upadeza bhI jJAna hone ke kAraNa prAgama hai| bhagavatI, anuyogadvAra aura sthAnAGga meM prAgama zabda zAstra ke artha meM prayukta huA hai| vahA~ para pramANa ke cAra bheda kiye gaye haiM-pratyakSa, anumAna, upamAna aura prAgama / prAgama ke bhI laukika aura lokottara ye do bheda kie gae haiN| laukika pAgama bhArata, rAmAyaNa prAdi haiM aura lokottara pAgama AcAra, sUtrakRta prAdi haiN| lokottara Agama ke suttAgama, atthAgama aura tadubhayAgama ye tIna bheda bhI kie gae haiN| eka anya daSTi se Agama ke tIna prakAra aura milate haiM-prAtmAgama, anantarAgama aura paramparAgama / aAgama ke artharUpa aura satrarUpa ye do prakAra haiN| tIrthaMkara prabhu artharUpa prAgama: kA upadeza karate haiM ata: artharUpa grAmama tIrthaMkaroM kA prAtmAgama kahalAtA hai, kyoMki vaha arthAgama unakA svayaM kA hai, dUsaroM se unhoMne nahIM liyA hai, kintu vahI arthAgama gaNadharoM ne tIrthaMkaroM se prApta kiyA hai / gaNadhara aura tIrthaMkara ke bIca kisI tIsare vyakti kA vyavadhAna nahIM hai etadartha gaNadharoM ke lie vaha arthAgama anantarAgama kahalAtA hai, kintu usa arthAgama ke AdhAra se svayaM gaNadhara sUtrarUpa racanA karate haiN| isalie sUtrAgama gaNadharoM ke lie prAtmAgama kahalAtA hai| gaNadharoM ke sAkSAt ziSyoM ko gaNadharoM se sUtrAgama sIdhA hI prApta hotA hai, unake madhya meM koI bhI vyavadhAna nahIM hotaa| isalie una ziSyoM ke lie sUtrAgama anantarAgama hai, kintu arthAgama to paramparAgama hI hai| kyoMki vaha unhoMne apane dharmaguru gaNadharoM se prApta kiyA hai| kintu yaha gaNadharoM ko bhI prAtmAgama nahIM thaa| unhoMne tIrthaMkaroM se prApta kiyA thaa| gajadharoM ke praziSya aura 1. saMskRti ke cAra adhyAya : pR. 125 -rAmadhArIsiMha "dinakara" 2. prAcArAMga 124 jJAtvA prAjJApayet 3. AcArAMga 116 / 3 lAghavaM Agamayan avabudhyamAnaH 4. vyavahArabhASya gA. 201 5. bhagavatI 5 / 3 / 192 6. anuyogadvAra 7. sthAnAGga 338, 228, 8. anuyogadvAra 49-50 pR. 68, puNyavijayajI sampAdita, mahAvIra vidyAlaya, bambaI dvArA prakAzita 9. ahavA Agame tibihe paNNatte, taM jahA-suttAgame ya atthAgame ya tadubhayAgame ya / -~anuyogadvArasUtra 470, pR. 179 10. ahavA prAgame tivihe paNNatte, taM jahA--attAgame, aNaMtarAgame paraMparAgame ya / --anuyogadvArasUtra 470, pR. 179 11. (ka) zrIcandrIyA saMgrahaNI gA. 112 (kha) Avazyakaniyukti gA. 92 [ 36 ]
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________________ unakI paramparA meM hone vAle anya ziSya aura praziSyoM ke lie sUtra aura artha paramparAgama haiM / 2 zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra ke pAvana pravacanoM kA sUtra rUpa meM saMkalana-prAkalana gaNadharoM ne kiyA, vaha aMgasAhitya ke nAma se vizruta huprA / usake AcAra, sUtrakRta, sthAna, samavAya, bhagavatI, jJAtA, upAsakadazA, antakRddazA, anuttaropapAtika, praznavyAkaraNa, vipAka aura dRSTibAda ye bAraha vibhAga haiN| dRSTibAda kA eka vibhAga pUrva sAhitya hai| Avazyakaniyukti ke anusAra gaNadharoM ne arhadbhASita mAtRkApadoM ke AdhAra se caturdaza zAstroM kA nirmANa kiyA, jisameM sampUrNa zruta kI avatAraNA kI gii| ye caturdaza zAstra caturdaza pUrva ke nAma se vizruta hue / ina pUrvo kI vizleSaNa-paddhati atyadhika kliSTa yI ataH jo mahAn pratibhAsampanna sAdhaka the unhIM ke lie vaha pUrva sAhitya grAhaya thA / jo sAdhAraNa pratibhAsampanna sAdhaka the unake lie evaM striyoM ke upakArArtha dvAdazAMgI kI racanA kI gii| AcArya jinabhadragaNI kSamAzramaNa ne likhA hai ki daSTibAda kA adhyayana-paThana striyoM ke lie bajya thaa| kyoMki striyAM tuccha svabhAva kI hotI haiM, unheM zIghra ho garva prAtA hai| unakI indriyAM caMcala hotI haiN| unakI medhA-zakti puruSoM kI apekSA durbala hotI hai etadartha utthAna-samutthAna prabhRti atizaya yA camatkAra yukta adhyayana aura dRSTivAda kA jJAna unake lie nahIM hai|14 maladhArI prAcArya hemacandra ne prastuta viSaya kA spaSTIkaraNa karate hae likhA hai ki striyoM ko yadi kisI taraha dRSTivAda kA adhyayana karA diyA jAe to tuccha prakRti ke kAraNa "maiM dRSTivAda kI adhyetA hUM" isa prakAra mana meM ahaMkAra Akara puruSa ke paribhava-tiraskAra prabhRti meM pravRtta ho jAye jisase usakI durgati ho sakatI hai etadartha dayA ke avatAra mahAn paropakArI tIrthaMkaroM ne utthAna, samutthAna Adi atizaya camatkAra yukta adhyayana evaM dRSTivAda ke adhyayana kA striyoM ke lie niSedha kiyaa| 5 bRhatkalpaniyukti meM bhI yahI bAta AI hai / jinabhadragaNI kSamAzramaNa ne aura maladhArI hemacandra ne striyoM kI pravRtti kI vikRti va medhA kI durbalatA ke sambandha meM jo likhA hai vaha pUrNa saMgata nahIM lagatA hai / ve bAteM puruSa meM bhI sambhava haiN| aneka striyAM puruSoM se bhI adhika pratibhAsampanna va gambhIra hotI haiN| yaha zAstra meM pAye hae varNanoM se bhI spaSTa hai / / 12. titthagarANaM atthassa attAgame, gaNaharANaM suttassa attAgame, atthassa aNaMtarAgame, gaNaharasIsANaM suttassa aNaMtarAgame atthassa paraMparAgame teNaM paraM suttassa vi atthassa vi No attAgame No aNaMtarAgame, paramparAgame -anuyogadvAra 470, pR0 179 13. dhammovAo pavayaNamahabA pubvAI desayA tassa / sabbaMjiNA | gaNaharA, codasapuvvA u te tassa / / sAmAiyAiyAvA vayajIvanikAya bhAvaNA paDhamaM / eso dhammovAdo jiNehi savvehi ubailo / / -~-Avazyakaniyukti gA0 292-293 14. tucchA gArababahulA calidiyA dubbalA dhiIe ya / iti pAisesajjhayaNA bhUyAvAyo ya no sthINaM // ..."iha bicitrA jagati prANinaH tatra ye durmedhasaH te pUrvANi nAdhyetumIzate, pUrvANAmatigambhIrArthatvAta teSAM ca durmedhatvAt strINAM pUrvAdhyayanAnAdhikAra eva tAsAM tucchatvAdi doSabahulatvAt / -vizeSAvazyakabhASya gAthA 55 kI vyAkhyA pR0 48 prakAzaka-prAgamodaya samiti bambaI [ 37 ]
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________________ jaba strI adhyAtma-sAdhanA kA sarvoccapada tIrthaMkara nAmakarma kA anubandha kara sakatI hai, kevalajJAna prApta kara sakatI hai taba dRSTivAda ke adhyayanArtha jina durbalatAoM kI ora saMketa kiyA gayA hai aura jina durbalatAoM ke kAraNa striyoM ko daSTivAda kI adhikAriNI nahIM mAnA gayA hai una para vijJoM ko taTastha daSTi se gambhIra cintana karanA caahie| merI dRSTi se pUrva-sAhitya kA jJAna labdhyAtmaka thA / usa jJAna ko prApta karane ke lie kevala adhyayana aura par3hanA hI paryApta nahIM thA, kucha viziSTa sAdhanAeM bhI sAdhaka ko anivArya rUpa se karanI par3atI thiiN| una sAdhanAoM ke lie usa sAdhaka ko kucha samaya taka ekAnta-zAnta sthAna meM ekAkI bhI rahanA Avazyaka hotA thaa| striyoM kA zArIrika saMsthAna isa prakAra kA nahIM hai ki ve ekAnta meM ekAkI raha kara dIrgha sAdhanA kara skeN| isa dRSTi se striyoM ke lie dRSTivAda kA adhyayana niSedha kiyA gayA ho| yaha adhika tarkasaMgata va yukti-yukta hai / merI dRSTi se yahI kAraNa striyoM ke AhArakazarIra kI anupalabdhi prAdi kA bhI hai| gaNadharoM dvArA saMkalita aMga granthoM ke AdhAra se anya sthaviroM ne bAda meM granthoM kI racanA kI, ve aMgabAhya khlaaye| aMga aura aMgabAhya ye Agama grantha hI bhagavAn mahAvIra ke zAsana ke AdhArabhUta stambha haiN| jaina prAcAra kI kuJjI haiM, jaina vicAra kI advitIya nidhi haiM, janasaMskRti kI garimA haiM aura jaina sAhitya kI mahimA haiN| yaha smaraNa rakhanA cAhie ki aMgabAhya granthoM ko Agama meM sammilita karane kI prakriyA zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM hI paramparAoM meM eka samAna nahIM rahI hai| digambara paraMparA meM aMgabAhya AgamoM kI saMkhyA bahuta hI svalpa hai kintu zvetAmbaroM meM yaha paramparA lambe samaya taka calatI rahI jisase aMgabAhya granthoM kI saMkhyA adhika hai| yaha bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa bAta hai ki prAvazyaka ke vividha adhyayana, dazavakAlika, uttarAdhyayana aura nizItha prAdi donoM hI paramparAoM meM samAna rUpa se mAnya rahe haiN| ___ zvetAmbara vidvAnoM kI yaha mAnyatA hai ki Agama-sAhitya kA maulika svarUpa bahuta bar3e parimANa meM lupta ho gayA hai para pUrNa nahIM, aba bhI vaha zeSa hai| aMgoM aura aMgabAhya bhAgamoM kI jo tIna bAra saMkalanA huI usameM usake maulika rUpa meM kucha avazya hI parivartana huA hai| uttaravartI ghaTanAoM aura vicAraNAmoM kA samAveza bhI kiyA gayA hai| jaise sthAnAMga meM sAta nihnava aura navagaNoM kA varNana / praznavyAkaraNa meM jisa viSaya kA saMketa kiyA gayA hai vaha bartamAna meM upalabdha nahIM hai, tathApi AgamoM kA adhikAMza bhAga maulika hai, sarvathA maulika hai| bhASA va racanA zailI kI dRSTi se bahuta hI prAcIna hai| vartamAna bhASAzAstrI AcArAMga ke prathama zrutaskandha ko aura sutrakRtAMga ke prathama zrutaskandha ko DhAI hajAra varSa prAcIna batalAte haiM / sthAnAMga, bhagavatI, uttarAdhyayana, dazavakAlika, nizItha aura kalpa ko bhI ve prAcIna mAnate haiN| isameM kisI bhI prakAra kA sandeha nahIM hai ki prAgama kA mUla prAja bhI surakSita hai| digambara paramparA kI dRSTi se aMga sAhitya lupta ho cukA hai| ata: unhoMne navIna granthoM kA sRjana kiyA aura unheM AgamoM kI taraha pramANabhUta mAnA / zvetAmbaroM ke prAgama-sAhitya ko digambara paramparA pramANabhUta nahIM mAnatI hai to digambara paramparA ke granthoM ko zvetAmbara paramparA mAnya nahIM karatI hai, para jaba maiM taTastha dRSTi se cintana karatA to spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki donoM hI paramparAoM ke prAgama granthoM meM maulika dRSTi se koI vizeSa antara nahIM hai| donoM ke pAgama granthoM meM tattvavicAra, jIvavicAra, karmavicAra, lokavicAra, jJAnavicAra samAna hai| dArzanika dRSTi se koI antara nahIM hai| prAcAra paramparA kI dRSTi se bhI cintana kareM to vastra ke upayoga ke sambandha meM kucha matabheda hone para bhI vizeSa antara nahIM rhaa| digambara paramparA ke granthoM meM nagnatva para atyadhika bala diyA gayA, kintu vyavahAra meM nagna muniyoM kI saMkhyA bahuta hI kama rahI aura digambara bhaTTAraka Adi kI saMkhyA
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________________ unase bahata adhika rhii| zvetAmbara pAgama sAhitya meM jinakalpa ko sthavirakalpa se adhika mahattva diyA gayA kinta vyavahArika dRSTi se Arya jambU ke pazcAt jinakalpa kA niSedha kara diyA gyaa| digambara paramparA meM strI ke nirvANa kA niSedha kiyA hai kintu digambara paramparA mAnya SakhaNDAgama meM manuSya-striyAM samyagamithyAdRSTi, asaMyatasamyagadaSTi, saMyatAsaMyata aura saMyata guNasthAnoM meM niyama se paryAptaka hotI haiM / 16 isameM "saMjada" zabda ko sampAdakoM ne TippaNa meM diyA hai, jisakA sArAMza yaha hai ki manuSya-strI ko "saMyata" guNasthAna na ho sakatA hai aura saMyata guNasthAna hone para strI mokSa meM jA sakatI hai| prastuta prazna ko lekara digambara samAja meM prabala virodha kA bAtAvaraNa samutpanna huA taba grantha ke sampAdaka paM.hIralAlajI jaina Adi ne pUnaH usakA spaSTIkaraNa "pakhaNDAgama ke tRtIya bhAga kI prastAvanA" meM kiyA kintu jaba vijJoM ne mUDabidrI (karNATaka) meM paTakhaNDAgama kI mUla prati dekhI to usameM bhI "saMjada" zabda milA hai| vadakarasvAmI viracita mUlAcAra meM prAyikAmoM ke prAcAra kA vizleSaNa karate hue kahA hai jo sAdhu athavA dhAryikA isa prakAra AcaraNa karate haiM ve jagat meM pUjA, yaza va sukha ko pAkara mokSa ko pAte haiN| isameM bhI prAyikAoM ke mokSa meM jAne kA ullekha hai / kintu bAda meM TIkAkAroM ne apanI TIkAoM meM strI nirvANa kA niSedha kiyA hai| prAcAra ke jitane bhI niyama haiM unameM mahattvapUrNa niyama uddiSTa tyAga kA hai, jisakA donoM hI paramparAmoM meM samAna rUpa se mahattva rahA hai| zvetAmbara prAgama-sAhitya meM aura usake vyAkhyA sAhitya meM prAcAra sambandhI apavAda mArga kA vizeSa varNana milatA hai kintu digambara paramparA ke anyoM meM apavAda kA varNana nahIM hai, para gaharAI se cintana karane para aisA pratIta hotA hai ki digambara paramparA meM bhI apavAda rahe hoMge, yadi prArambha se hI apavAda nahIM hote to aMgavAhya sUcI meM nizItha kA nAma kaise AtA ? zvetAmbara paramparA meM 'apavAdoM ko sUtrabaddha karake bhI usakA adhyayana pratyeka vyakti ke lie niSiddha kara diyA gyaa| vizeSa yogyatA vAlA zramaNa hI usake par3hane kA adhikArI mAnA gayA / zvetAmbara zramaNoM kI saMkhyA prArambha se hI atyadhika rahI jisase samAja kI suvyavasthA hetu chedasUtroM kA nirmANa haa| chedasUtroM meM zramaNAcAra ke nigUr3ha rahasya aura sUkSma kriyA-kalApa ko samajhAyA gayA hai| zramaNa ke jIvana meM anekAneka anukUla aura pratikUla prasaMga samupasthita hote haiM, aisI viSama paristhiti meM kisa prakAra nirNaya lenA cAhie yaha bAta chedasUtroM meM batAI gaI hai| prAcAra sambandhI jaisA niyama aura upaniyamoM kA varNana jaina paramparA meM chedasUtroM meM upalabdha hotA hai vaisA hI varNana bauddha paramparA meM vinayapiTaka meM milatA hai aura vaidika paramparA meM ke kalpasUtra, zrotasUtra aura gRhasUtroM meM milatA hai| digambara paramparA meM bhI chetrasUtra bane the para Aja ve upalabdha nahIM haiN| chedasUtra kA nAmollekha mandIsUtra meM nahIM huA hai| "cheda sUtra" kA sabase prathama prayoga prAvazyakaniyukti 16. sammAmicchAiTThi asaMjadasammAiTThi saMjadAsaMjada (atra saMjada iti pAThazeSaH pratibhAti) TThANe NiyamA pjjttiyaao| -SaTkhaNDAgama, bhAga 1 sUtra 93 pR. 332, prakA..-seTha lakSmIcaMda zitAbarAya jaina sAhityoddhAraka phaNDa kAryAlaya amarAvatI (barAra) san 1939 17. evaM vidhANacariyaM caritaM je sAdhavo ya ajjAyo / te jagapujja kitti suhaM ca laNa sijhati / / -mUlAcAra 4/196, pR. 168 [ 39]
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________________ meM harA hai|18 usake pazcAt vizeSAvazyakabhASya aura nizIthabhASya' mAdi meM bhI yaha zabda vyavahRta huA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki hama aAvazyakaniyukti ko yadi jyotirvida varAhamihira ke bhrAtA dvitIya bhadrabAha kI kRti mAnate haiM to ve vikrama kI chaThI zatAbdI meM hue haiN| unhoMne isakA prayoga kiyA hai| spaSTa hai ki "chedasutta" zabda kA prayoga "mUlasutta" se pahale huA hai| amuka prAgamoM ko "chedasUtra" yaha abhidhA kyoM dI gaI ? isa prazna kA uttara prAcIna granthoM meM sIdhA aura spaSTa prApta nahIM hai| hA~ yaha spaSTa hai ki jina sUtroM ko "chedasutta" kahA gayA hai ve prAyazcittasUtra haiN| sthAnAGga meM zramaNoM ke lie pAMca cAritroM kA ullekha hai (1) sAmAyika, (2) chedopasthApanIya, (3) parihAravizuddhi, (4) sUkSmasaMparAya, (5) yayAkhyAta / 22 inameM se vartamAna meM tIna antima cAritra vicchinna ho gaye haiN| sAmAyika cAritra svalpakAlIna hotA hai, chedopasthApanika cAritra hI jIvana paryanta rahatA hai| prAyazcitta kA sambandha bhI isI cAritra se hai| saMbhavata: isI cAritra ko lakSya meM rakhakara prAyazcittasUtroM ko chedasUtra kI saMjJA dI gaI ho| malayagiri kI AvazyakavRtti 23 meM chedasUtroM ke lie pada-vibhAga, samAcArI zabda kA prayoga hamA hai| pada-vibhAga aura cheda ye donoM zabda rakhe gaye hoN| kyoMki chedasUtroM meM eka sUtra kA dUsare sUtra se sambandha nahIM hai| sabhI sUtra svataMtra haiN| unakI vyAkhyA bhI cheda-daSTi se yA vibhAga-daSTi se kI jAtI hai| dazAzrutaskandha, nizItha, vyavahAra aura bRhatkalpa ye sUtra nauveM pratyAkhyAna pUrva se uddhRta kiye gaye haiM,24 usase chinna arthAt pRthak karane se unheM chedasUtra kI saMjJA dI gaI ho, yaha bhI sambhava hai / 25 chedasUtroM ko uttama zruta mAnA gayA hai| bhASyakAra bhI isa kathana kA samarthana karate haiN|26 caNikAra jinadAsa mahattara svayaM yaha prazna upasthita karate haiM ki chedasUtra uttama kyoM haiM ? phira svayaM hI usakA samAdhAna dete kidasatra meM prAyazcittavidhi kA nirUpaNa hai, usase cAritra kI vizuddhi hotI hai, etadartha yaha zrata uttama mAnA 18. jaM ca mahAkappasuyaM, jANi asesANi cheasuttANi / caraNakaraNANuprogo ti kAliyatthe uvamayANi / / -Avazyakaniyukti 777 ---vizeSAvazyakabhASya 2265 20. (ka) chedasuttaNisIhAdI, atyo ya gato ya chedasuttAdI / maMtanimittosahipAhUDe, ya gAti aNNAttha / / ----nizIthabhApya 5947 (kha) kenonikala liTarecara pR. 36 bhI dekhie| 21. jainAgamadhara aura prAkRta vAGmaya -lekhaka puNyavijayajI, ---muni hajArImala smRtigrantha, pR. 718 22. (ka) sthAnAMgasUtra 5, uddezaka 2, sUtra 428 (kha) vizeSAvazyakabhASya gA. 1260-1270 23. padavibhAga, samAcArI chedasUtrANi / -Avazyakaniyukti 665, malayagirivRtti 24. kataraM suttaM ? dasAukappo vabahAro ya / katarAto uddhRtaM ? ucyate pcckkhaann-putthvaao| -dazAzrutaskaMghacUNi, patra 2 25. nizIdha 19 / 17 26. cheyasuyamuttamasuyaM / -nizIthabhASya, 6148 [40]
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________________ gayA hai| zramaNa-jIvana kI sAdhanA kA sarvAGgINa vivecana chedasUtroM meM hI upalabdha hotA hai| sAdhaka kI kyA maryAdA hai, usakA kyA karttavya hai ? ityAdi praznoM para unameM cintana kiyA gayA hai| jIvana meM se asaMyama ke aMza ko kATakara pRthaka karanA, sAdhanA meM se doSajanya malinatA ko nikAlakara sApha karanA, bhUloM se bacane ke lie pUrNa sAvadhAna rahanA, bhUla ho jAne para prAyazcitta grahaNa kara usakA parimArjana karanA, yaha saba chedasUtroM kA kArya hai / samAcArIzataka meM samayasundaragaNI ne chedasUtroM kI saMkhyA chaha batalAI hai:(1) mahAnizItha, (2) dazAzrutaskaMdha, (3) vyavahAra, (4) bRhatkalpa, (5) nizItha, (6) jItakalpa / jItakalpa ko chor3akara zeSa pAca sUtroM ke nAma nandIsUtra meM bhI pAye haiN| jItakalpa jinabhadragaNI kSamAzramaNa kI kRti hai, etadartha use Agama kI koTi meM sthAna nahIM diyA jA sakatA / mahAnizItha kA jo vartamAna saMskaraNa hai, vaha AcArya haribhadra (vi. 8 vIM zatAbdI) ke dvArA punaruddhAra kiyA huA hai| usakA usake pUrva hI dImakoM ne udarastha kara liyA gayA thaa| ataH vartamAna meM upalabdha mahAnizItha bhI Agama kI koTi meM nahIM paataa| isa prakAra maulika chedasUtra cAra hI haiM-(1) dazAzrutaskandha, (2) vyavahAra, (3) bRhatkalpa aura (4) nizItha / nie hita Agama jaina AgamoM kI racanAeM do prakAra se huI hai--(1) kRta, (2) ni! hita / jina AgamoM kA nirmANa svataMtra rUpa se huA hai ve Agama kRta kahalAte haiN| jaise gaNadharoM ke dvArA dvAdazAMgI kI racanA kI gaI hai aura bhinna-bhinna sthaviroM ke dvArA upAMga sAhitya kA nirmANa kiyA gayA hai, ve saba kRta pAgama haiN| ni! hita Agama ye mAne gaye haiM - (1) AcAracUlA (2) dazavakAlika (3) nizItha (4) dazAzrutaskandha (5) bRhatkalpa (6) vyavahAra (7) uttarAdhyayana kA parISaha adhyyn| prAcAraculA yaha caturdazapUrvI bhadrabAhu ke dvArA nirvRhaNa kI gaI hai, yaha bAta aAja anveSaNA ke dvArA spaSTa ho cukI hai| prAcArAMga se prAcAracUlA kI racanA-zailI sarvathA pRthak hai| usakI racanA AcArAMga ke bAda huI hai| AcArAMga-niyuktikAra ne usako sthavirakRta mAnA hai|' sthavira kA artha carNikAra ne gaNadhara kiyA hai| 1. cheyasuyaM kamhA uttamasuttaM ? bhaNNAmi jamhA etthaM sapAyacchitto vidhI bhaNNati, jamhA etegaccaraNavizuddhaM kareti, tamhA taM uttamasuttaM / --nizIthabhASya 6184 kI cUNi 2. samAcArIzataka, Agama sthaapnaadhikaar| 3. kAliyaM aNegavihaM paNNattaM, taM jahA--dasAo, kappo, vavahAro, nisIha, mahAnisIha / -nandIsUtra 77 4. Agamayuga kA jainadarzana, pR0 21-22, paM0 dalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA -prakAzaka sanmati jJAnapITha, AgarA 5. tharehi'NuggahaTThA, sIsahi hou pAgautthaM ca / AyArAo attho, pAyAraMgesu pavibhatto // -AcArAMganiyukti gA0 287 6. there gnndhraa| --AcArAMgacUNi, pR0 326 [ 41 ]
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________________ aura vRttikAra ne caturdazapUrvI kiyA hai kintu unameM sthavira kA nAma nahIM AyA hai| vijJoM kA abhimata hai ki yahA~ para sthavira zabda kA prayoga caturdazapUrvI bhadrabAhu ke lie hI huA hai| AcArAMga ke gambhIra artha ko abhivyakta karane ke lie "AcAracUlA" kA nirmANa huA hai / niyuktikAra ne pAMcoM cUlAoM ke niryahUNasthaloM kA saMketa kiyA hai| dazavakAlika caturdazapUrvI zayyaMbhava ke dvArA vibhinna pUrvo se ni!haNa kiyA gayA hai / jaise-caturtha adhyayana AtmapravAda pUrva se, paMcama adhyayana karmapravAda pUrva se, saptama adhyayana satyapravAda pUrva se aura zeSa adhyayana pratyAkhyAna pUrva kI tRtIya vastu se uddhata kiye gaye haiN|' dvitIya abhimatAnusAra dazavakAlika gaNipiTaka dvAdazAMgI se uddhRta hai| nizItha kA ni! haNa pratyAkhyAna nAmaka nauveM pUrva se huA hai| pratyAkhyAna pUrva ke bIsa vastu arthAt arthAdhikAra haiN| tRtIya vastu kA nAma AcAra hai| usake bhI bIsa prAbhRtaccheda arthAt upavibhAga haiN| bIsaveM prAbhUtaccheda se nizItha kA ni' haNa kiyA gayA hai| paMcakalpacUNi ke anusAra nizItha ke niryu haka bhadrabAhusvAmI hai| isa mata kA samarthana prAgamaprabhAvaka munizrI puNyavijayajI ne bhI kiyA hai| 1. "sthaviraiH" zrutavRddhazcaturdazapUrvavidbhiH / 2. bimassa ya paMcamae, aTThamagassa biiyaMmi uddese / bhaNio piDo sijjA, vatthaM pAuggaho ceva / / paMcamagassa cautthe iriyA, vaNijjaI samAseNaM / chuTThassa ya paMcamae, bhAsajjAyaM viyANAhi / sattikkagANi sattavi, nijjaDhAI mhaaprinnaao| satthaparinnA bhAvaNa, nijjUDhAno dhuyavimuttI / / AyArapakappo puNa, paccakkhANassa tiyvtthuupro| AyAranAmadhijjA, vIsaimA pAhuDaccheyA // -prAcArAMganiyukti gA0 288-291 3. pAyappavAya pubvA nijjUDhA hoi dhmmpnntii| kampappavAya pubbA piMDassa u esaNA tividhA / / saccaypavAya puvvA nijjUDhA hoi bakkasuddhI u / avasesA nijjaDhA navamassa u tiyvtthuuyo| -dazavakAlikaniyukti gA0 16-17 bImo'vi a Aeso, gaNipiDagAo duvaalsNgaayo| eaM kira NijjUDhaM maNagassa aNugAhaTAe / - dazavakAlikaniyukti gA. 18 NisIhaM NavamA pubvA paccakkhANassa ttiyvtthuuo| AyAra nAmadhejjA, vIsatimA pAhuDacchedA / --nizIthabhASya 6500 6. leNa bhagavatA AyArapakappa-dasA-kappa-vavahArA ya navamapubanIsaMdabhUtA nijjUDhA / --paMcakalpacUNi, patra 1 (likhita) 7. bRhatkalpasUtra, bhAga 6, prastAvanA pR. 3 [42]
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________________ dazAzrutaskandha, bRhatkalpa aura vyavahAra, ye tInoM pAgama caturdazapUrvI bhadrabAhusvAmI ke dvArA pratyAkhyAnapUrva se niyUMDha haiN|' dazAzrutaskandha kI niyukti ke mantavyAnusAra vartamAna meM upalabdha dazAzrutaskaMdha aMgapraviSTa AgamoM meM jo dazAeM prApta haiM, unase laghu haiN| inakA niyUhaNa ziSyoM ke anugrahArtha sthaviroM ne kiyA thaa| cUrNi ke anusAra sthavira kA nAma bhadrabAhu hai| ___ uttarAdhyayana kA dUsarA adhyayana bhI aMga-prabhava mAnA jAtA hai / niyuktikAra bhadrabAhu ke matAnusAra vaha karmapravAdapUrva ke satrahaveM prAbhRta se uddhRta hai| inake atirikta Agametara sAhitya meM vizeSataH karmasAhitya kA bahuta-sA bhAga pUrvoddhRta mAnA jAtA hai| niyU hita kRtiyoM ke sambandha meM yaha spaSTIkaraNa karanA Avazyaka hai ki usake artha ke prarUpaka tIrthaMkara haiM, sUtra ke racayitA gaNadhara haiM aura jo saMkSepa meM usakA vartamAna rUpa upalabdha hai usake kartA vahI haiM jina para jinakA nAma aMkita yA prasiddha hai| jaise dazavakAlika ke zayyaMbhava; kalpa, vyavahAra, nizItha aura dazAzrutaskaMdha ke racayitA bhadrabAhu haiN| jaina aMga-sAhitya kI saMkhyA ke sambandha meM zvetAmbara aura digambara sabhI ekamata haiN| sabhI aMgoM ko bAraha svIkAra karate haiN| parantu aMgabAhya AgamoM kI saMkhyA ke sambandha meM yaha bAta nahIM hai, unake vibhinna mata hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki AgamoM kI saMkhyA kitane hI 84 mAnate haiM, koI-koI 45 mAnate haiM aura kitane hI 32 mAnate haiM / nandIsUtra meM AgamoM kI jo sUcI dI gaI hai, ve sabhI Agama vartamAna meM upalabdha nahIM haiN| zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka samAja mUla prAgamoM ke sAtha kucha niyuktiyoM ko milAkara 45 Agama mAnatA hai aura koI 84 mAnate haiN| sthAnakavAsI aura terApaMthI paramparA battIsa ko hI pramANabhUta mAnatI hai| digambara samAja kI mAnyatA hai ki sabhI prAgama vicchinna ho gaye haiN| 1. vaMdAmi bhaddabAhuM, pAINaM cariya sayalasuyaNANi / so suttassa kAragamisaM (NaM) dasAsu kappe ya vavahAre / --dazAzrutaskaMdha niyukti gA.1, patra 1 2. DaharIo u imAno, ajjhayaNesu mahaIo aMgesu / chasu nAyAdIesu, vatthavibhUsAvasANamiva // DaharIyo u imAo, nijjUDhAyo annugghttttaae| tharehiM tu dasAno, jo dasA jANao jIvo / --dazAzrutaskaMdhaniyukti 5-6 dazAzrutaskaMdhacUNi / kampappavAyapubve sattarase pAhuDaMmi jaM suttaM / saNayaM sodAharaNaM taM ceva ihaMpi gAyabvaM / / -uttarAdhyayananiyUkti gA.69 5. (ka) tattvArthasUtra 1-20, zrutasAgarIya vRtti| (kha) SaTkhaNDAgama (dhavalA TIkA) khaNDa 1, pR. 6 bAraha aMgavijjhA /
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________________ dazAzrutaskandha dazAzrutaskaMdha chedasUtra hai / chedasUtra ke do kArya haiM-doSoM se bacAnA aura pramAdavaza lage hae doSoM kI zuddhi ke lie prAyazcitta kA vidhAna krnaa| isameM doSoM se bacane kA vidhAna hai / ThANAMga meM isakA aparanAma prAcAradazA prApta hotA hai| dazAzrutaskaMdha meM daza adhyayana haiM, isalie isakA nAma dazAzrutaskaMdha hai| dazAzrutaskaMgha kA 1830 anuSTupa zloka pramANa upalabdha pATha hai / 216 gadyasUtra haiM / 52 padyasUtra haiN| prathama uddezaka meM 20 asamAdhisthAnoM kA varNana hai| jisa satkArya ke karane se citta meM zAMti ho, prAtmA jJAna-darzana-cAritra rUpa mokSamArga meM rahe, vaha samAdhi hai aura jisa kArya se citta meM aprazasta evaM azAMta bhAva hoM, jJAna-darzana-cAritra Adi mokSamArga se AtmA bhraSTa ho, vaha asamAdhi hai| asamAdhi ke bIsa prakAra haiN| jaisejaldI-jaldI calanA, binA pUje rAtri meM calanA, binA upayoga saba daihika kArya karanA, gurujanoM kA apamAna, nindA Adi krnaa| ina kAryoM ke AcaraNa se svayaM va anya jIvoM ko asamAdhibhAva utpanna hotA hai| sAdhaka kI AtmA dUSita hotI hai / usakA pavitra cAritra malina hotA hai| ataH use asamAdhisthAna kahA hai| dvitIya uddezaka meM 21 zabala doSoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, jina kAryoM ke karane se cAritra kI nirmalatA naSTa ho jAtI hai| cAritra malaklinna hone se vaha karbura ho jAtA hai| isalie unheM zabaladoSa kahate haiM / 2 "zabalaM karburaM citram" zabala kA artha citravarNA hai| hastamaithuna, strI-sparza Adi, rAtri meM bhojana lenA aura karanA, prAdhAkarmI, auddezika pAhAra kA lenA, pratyAkhyAnabhaMga, mAyAsthAna kA sevana karanA Adi-Adi ye zabala doSa haiN| uttaraguNoM meM atikramAdi cAra doSoM kA evaM mUlaguNoM meM anAcAra ke atirikta tIna doSoM kA sevana karane se cAritra zabala hotA hai| tIsare uddezaka meM 33 prakAra kI AzAtanAoM kA varNana hai| jainAcAryoM ne AzAtanA zabda kI nirukti atyanta sundara kI hai| samyagdarzanAdi AdhyAtmika guNoM kI prApti ko Aya kahate haiM aura zAtanA kA artha khaNDana hai| sadagurudeva Adi mahAn puruSoM kA apamAna karane se samyagdarzanAdi sadguNoM kI AzAtanA-khaNDanA hotI hai|3| ziSya kA muru ke Age, samazreNI meM, atyanta samIpa meM gamana karanA, khar3A honA, baiThanA Adi, guru, se pUrva kisI se sambhASaNa karanA, guru ke vacanoM ko jAnakara avahelanA karanA, bhikSA se lauTane para AlocanA na karanA, prAdi-Adi pAzAtanA ke tetIsa prakAra haiN| caturtha uddezaka meM prakAra kI gaNisampadAoM kA varNana hai| zramaNoM ke samudAya ko gaNa kahate haiN| gaNa kA adhipati gaNI hotA hai| gaNisampadA ke ATha prakAra haiM--prAcArasampadA, zrutasampadA, zarIrasampadA, vacanasampadA, vAcanAsampadA, matisampadA, prayogamatisampadA aura saMgrahaparijJAnasampadA / prAcArasampadA ke saMyama meM dhra vayogayukta honA, ahaMkArarahita honA, aniyatavRtti honA, vRddhasvabhAvI (acaMcalasvabhAvI)-ye cAra prakAra haiN| samAdhAnaM samAdhi:-cetasaH svAsthya, mokSamArge'vasthitirityartha: na samAdhirasamAdhistasya sthAnAni AzrayA bhedAH paryAyA asamAdhi-sthAnAni / -AcArya haribhadra zabalaM-kaburaM cAritraM yaH kriyAvizeSairbhavati te zabalAstadyogAtsAdhavo pi| -abhayadevakRta samavAyAMgaTIkA 3. Aya:- samyagdarzanAdyavAptilakSaNastasya zAtanA-khaNDanA niruktAdAzAtanA / .--prAcArya abhayadevakRta samavAyAMgaTIkA
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________________ zrutasampadA ke bahuzrutatA, paricitazrutatA, vicitrazrutatA, ghoSavizuddhikArakatA-ye cAra prakAra haiN| zarIrasampadA ke zarIra kI lambAI va caur3AI kA samyaka anupAta, alajjAspada zarIra, sthira saMgaThana, pratipUrNa indriyatA---ye cAra bheda haiN| vacanasampadA ke prAdeyavacana- grahaNa karane yogya vANI, madhura vacana, anizrita- pratibandharahita, asaMdigdha vacana-ye cAra prakAra haiN| vAcanAsampadA ke vicArapUrvaka vAcyaviSaya kA uddezya nirdeza karanA, vicArapUrvaka vAcana karanA, upayukta viSaya kA hI vivecana karanA, artha kA sunizcita rUpa se nirUpaNa karatA-ye cAra bheda haiN| matisampadA ke avagraha, IhA, avAya aura dhAraNA-ye cAra prakAra haiM / avagraha matisampadA ke kSipragrahaNa, bahugrahaNa, bahuvidhagrahaNa, dhra vagrahaNa, anizritagrahaNa aura asaMdigdhagrahaNaye chaha bheda haiN| isI prakAra IhA aura avAya ke bhI chaha-chaha prakAra haiM / dhAraNA matisampadA ke bahudhAraNa, bahubidhadhAraNa, purAtanadhAraNa, durddharadhAraNa, anidhitadhAraNa aura asaMdigdhadhAraNa-....ye chaha prakAra haiN| prayogamatisampadA ke svayaM kI zakti ke anusAra vAda-vivAda karanA, pariSada ko dekhakara vAda-vivAda karanA, kSetra ko dekhakara vAda-vivAda karanA, kAla ko dekhakara vAda-vivAda karanA--ye cAra prakAra haiN| saMgrahaparijJAsampadA ke varSAkAla meM sabhI muniyoM ke nivAsa ke lie yogyasthAna kI parIkSA karanA, sabhI zramaNoM ke lie prAtihArika pITha, phalaka, zayyA, saMstAraka kI vyavasthA karanA, niyamita samaya para pratyeka kArya karanA, apane se jyeSTha zramaNoM kA satkAra-sammAna karanA-ye bheda haiN| gaNisampadAoM ke varNana ke pazcAt tatsambandhI caturvidha vinaya-pratipatti para ciMtana karate hue AcAravinaya, zrutavinaya, vikSepaNAvinaya aura doSanirghAtavinaya batAye haiN| yaha catuvidha vinayapratipatti hai jo gurusambandhI vinayapratipatti kahalAtI hai| isI prakAra ziSya sambandhI vinaya pratipatti bhI upakaraNotpAdanatA, sahAyatA, varNasaMjvalanatA (guNAnuvAditA), bhArapratyavarohaNatA hai / ina pratyeka ke punaH cAra-cAra prakAra haiN| isa prakAra prastuta uddezaka meM kula 32 prakAra kI vinaya-pratipatti kA vizleSaNa hai| pAMcaveM uddezaka meM daza prakAra kI cittasamAdhi kA varNana hai| dharmabhAvanA, svapnadarzana, jAtismaraNajJAna, devadarzana, avadhijJAna, avadhidarzana, manaHparyavajJAna, kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana, kevalamaraNa (nirvANa) ina daza sthAnoM ke varNana ke sAtha mohanIyakarma kI viziSTatA para prakAza DAlA hai| chaThe uddezaka meM gyAraha prakAra kI upAsaka pratimAnoM kA varNana hai| pratimAoM ke varNana ke pUrva mithyAdRSTi ke svabhAva kA citraNa karate hue batAyA hai ki vaha nyAya kA yA anyAya kA kicinamAtra bhI binA khyAla kiye daMDa pradAna karatA hai| jaise sampattiharaNa, muDana, tarjana, tAr3ana, aMdukabandhana (sAMkala se bAMdhanA), nigaDabandhana, kASThabandhana, cArakabandhana (kArAgRha meM DAlanA), nigaDayugala saMkuTana (aMgoM ko mor3akara bAMdhanA), hasta, pAda, karNa, nAsikA, aSTha, zIrSa, mukha, veda Adi kA chedana karanA, hRdaya-utpATana, nayanAdi utpATana, ullaMbana (vRkSAdi para laTakAnA), gharSaNa, gholana, zUlAyana (zUlI para laTakAnA), zUlAbhedana, kSAravartana (jakhmoM Adi para namakAdi chir3akanA), darbhavartana (ghAsAdi se pIr3A pahuMcAnA), siMhapuchana, vRSabhapuchana, dAvAgnidagdhana, bhaktapAnanirodha prabhRti daMDa dekara Ananda kA anubhava karatA hai| kintu samyagdRSTi prAstika hotA hai va upAsaka bana ekAdaza pratimAoM kI sAdhanA karatA hai| ina gyAraha upAsaka pratimAoM kA varNana upAsakadazAMga meM bhI A cukA hai| [ 45 ]
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________________ pratimAdhAraka zrAvaka pratimA kI pUrti ke pazcAt saMyama grahaNa kara letA hai aisA kucha prAcAryoM kA abhimata hai| kArtika seTha ne 100 bAra pratimA grahaNa kI thI aisA ullekha prApta hotA hai| sAtaveM uddezaka meM zramaNa kI pratimAoM kA varNana hai| ye bhikSupratimAeM 12 haiN| prathama pratimAdhArI bhikSa ko eka datti anna kI aura eka datti pAnI kI lenA kalpatA hai| zramaNa ke pAtra meM dAtA dvArA diye jAne vAle anna aura jala kI dhArA jaba taka akhaNDa banI rahatI hai, use datti kahate haiN| jahA~ eka vyakti ke lie bhojana banA ho vahA~ se lenA kalpatA hai| jahAM do, tIna yA adhika vyaktiyoM ke lie banA ho vahA~ se nahIM le sktaa| isakA samaya eka mAsa kA hai| dUsarI pratimA bhI eka mAsa kI hai| usameM do datti prAhAra kI aura do datti pAnI kI lI jAtI haiM / isI prakAra tIsarI, cauthI, pAMcavIM, chaThI aura sAtavI pratimAnoM meM kramazaH tIna, cAra, pAMca, chaha aura sAta datti anna kI aura utanI hI datti pAnI kI grahaNa kI jAtI haiN| pratyeka pratimA kA samaya eka-eka mAsa hai| kevala dattiyoM kI vRddhi ke kAraNa hI trimAsika se sAtamAsika kramaza: kahalAtI haiN| AThavI pratimA sAta dina-rAta kI hotI hai| isameM ekAntara cauvihAra upavAsa karanA hotA hai| gAMva ke bAhara AkAza kI ora muha karake sIdhA dekhanA, eka karavaTa se leTanA aura viSadyAsana (pairoM ko barAbara karake) baiThanA, upasarga Ane para zAntacitta se sahana karanA hotA hai| nauvI pratimA bhI sAta rAtri kI hotI hai| isameM cauvihAra bele-bele pAraNA kiyA jAtA hai| gAMva ke bAhara ekAnta sthAna meM daNDAsana, laguDAsana yA utkaTakAsana karake dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai| . dasabI pratimA bhI sAta rAtri kI hotI hai| isameM cauvihAra tele-tele pAraNA kiyA jAtA hai| gAMva ke bAhara godohAsana, vIrAsana aura AmrakubjAsana se dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai| gyArahavIM pratimA eka ahorAtri kI hotI hai| pATha prahara taka isakI sAdhanA kI jAtI hai| caubihAra belA isameM kiyA jAtA hai / nagara ke bAhara donoM hAthoM ko ghuTanoM kI ora lambA karake daNDa kI taraha khar3e rahakara kAyotsarga kiyA jAtA hai| bArahavIM pratimA kevala eka rAtri kI hai| isakA aArAdhana tele se kiyA jAtA hai| gAMva ke bAhara zmazAna meM khar3e hokara mastaka ko thor3A jhukAkara kisI eka pudagala para dRSTi rakhakara ninimeSa netroM se nizcitatA pUrvaka kAyotsarga kiyA jAtA hai| upasarga Ane para samabhAva se sahana kiyA jAtA hai| ina pratimAoM meM sthita zramaNa ke lie aneka vidhAna bhI kiye haiN| jaise---koI vyakti pratimAdhArI nirgrantha hai to use bhikSAkAla ko tIna vibhAga meM vibhAjita karake bhikSA lenI cAhiye--Adi, madhya aura carama / Adi bhAga meM bhikSA ke lie jAne para madhya aura carama bhAga meM nahIM jAnA cAhiye / mAsikI pratimA meM sthita zramaNa jahA~ koI jAnatA ho vahA~ eka rAta raha sakatA hai| jahAM use koI bhI nahIM jAnatA vahA~ vaha do rAta raha sakatA hai| isase adhika rahane para utane hI dina kA cheda athavA tapa prAyazcitta lagatA hai| isI prakAra aura bhI kaThora anuzAsana kA vidhAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai| jaise koI upAzraya meM Aga lagA de to bhI use nahIM jAnA caahie| yadi koI pakar3akara use bAhara khIMcane kA prayatna kare to use haTha na karate hue sAvadhAnIpUrvaka bAhara nikala jAnA cAhie / isI taraha sAmane yadi madonmatta hAthI, ghor3A, baila, kuttA, vyAghra prAdi A jAeM to bhI use unase Darakara eka kadama bhI pIche nahIM haTanA caahiye| zItalatA tathA uSNatA ke parISaha ko dhairyapUrvaka sahana karanA caahiye| AThaveM uddezaka (dazA) meM paryuSaNA kalpa kA varNana hai / paryuSaNa zabda "pari" upasarga pUrvaka vas dhAtu se [46 ]
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________________ "anaH" pratyaya lagakara banA hai| isakA artha hai, prAtmamajjana, AtmaramaNa yA Atmastha honA / paryuSaNakalpa kA dUsarA artha hai eka sthAna para nivAsa krnaa| vaha sAlaMbana yA nirAvalaMbana rUpa do prakAra kA hai| sAlaMbana kA artha hai sakAraNa aura nirAvalaMbana kA artha hai kAraNarahita / nirAvalaMbana ke jaghanya aura utkRSTa do bheda haiN| paryuSaNA ke paryAyavAcI zabda isa prakAra haiM-(1) pariyAya vatthavaNA, (2) pajjosamaNA, (3) pAgaiyA, (4) parivasanA, (5) pajjusaNA, (6) vAsAvAsa, (7) paDhamasamosaraNa, (8) ThavaNA aura (9) jettttoggh| ye sabhI nAma ekArthaka haiM, tathApi vyutpatti-bheda ke AdhAra para kiMcit arthabheda bhI hai aura yaha arthabheda paryuSaNA se sambandhita vividha paramparAoM evaM usa niyata kAla meM kI jAne vAlI kriyAoM kA mahattvapUrNa nidarzana karAtA hai / ina arthoM se kucha aitihAsika tathya bhI vyakta hote haiM / paryuSaNA kAla ke AdhAra se kAlagaNanA karake dIkSAparyAya kI jyeSThatA va kaniSThatA ginI jAtI hai| paryuSaNAkAla eka prakAra kA varSamAna ginA jAtA hai| ata: paryuSaNA ko dIkSAparyAya kI avasthA kA kAraNa mAnA hai / varSAvAsa meM bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke dravya-kSetra-kAla-bhAva sambandhI kucha vizeSa kriyAoM kA AcaraNa kiyA jAtA hai ata: paryuSaNA kA dUsarA nAma pajjosamaNA hai| tIsarA, gRhastha Adi ke lie samAnabhAvena ArAdhanIya hone se yaha "pAgaiyA" yAni prAkRtika kahalAtA hai| isa niyata avadhi meM sAdhaka AtmA ke adhika nikaTa rahane kA prayatna karatA hai ataH vaha parivasanA bhI kahA jAtA hai| paryuSaNA kA artha sevA bhI hai| isa kAla meM sAdhaka AtmA ke jJAnadarzanAdi guNoM kI sevA upAsanA karatA hai ataH use pajjusaNA kahate haiN| isa kalpa meM zramaNa eka sthAna para cAra mAsa taka nivAsa karatA hai ataeva ise vAsAvAsa--varSAvAsa kahA gayA hai| koI vizeSa kAraNa na ho to prAvRT (varSA) kAla meM hI cAturmAsa karane yogya kSetra meM praveza kiyA jAtA hai ataH ise prathamasamavasaraNa kahate haiM / RtubaddhakAla kI apekSA se isakI maryAdAeM bhinna-bhinna hotI haiN| ataeva yaha ThavaNA (sthApanA) hai / RtubaddhakAla meM eka-eka mAsa kA kSetrAvagraha hotA hai kintu varSAkAla meM cAra mAsa kA hotA hai ataeva ise jeTThoggaha (jyeSThAvagraha) kahA hai| agara sAdhu ASAr3hI pUrNimA taka niyata sthAna para A pahuMcA ho aura varSAvAsa kI ghoSaNA kara dI ho to zrAvaNa kRSNA paMcamI se hI varSAvAsa prArambha ho jAtA hai| uparyukta kSetra na milane para zrAvaNa kRSNA dazamI ko, phira bhI yogya kSetra kI prApti na ho to zrAvaNa kRSNA paMcadazamI- amAvasyA ko varSAvAsa prArambha karanA cAhie / itane para bhI yogya kSetra na mile to pAMca-pAMca dina bar3hAte hue antataH bhAdrapada zuklA paMcamI taka to varSAvAsa prArambha kara denA anivArya mAnA gayA hai| isa samaya taka bhI upayukta kSetra prApta na ho to vRkSa ke nIce hI payUSaNAkalpa karanA cAhie / para isa tithi kA kisI bhI paristhiti meM ullaMghana nahIM karanA caahie| vartamAna meM jo paryuSaNA kalpasUtra hai, vaha dazAzrutaskandha kA hI AThavAM adhyayana hai| dazAzrutaskandha kI prAcInatama pratiyAM, jo caudahavIM zatAbdI se pUrva kI haiM, unameM AThaveM adhyayana meM pUrNa kalpasUtra AyA hai| jo yaha spaSTa pramANita karatA hai ki kalpasUtra svatantra racanA nahIM kintu dazAzrutaskandha kA hI AThavAM adhyayana hai / [47 ]
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________________ dUsarI bAta dazAzrutaskandha para jo dvitIya bhadrabAha kI niyukti hai, jinakA samaya vikrama kI chaThI zatAbdI hai, usameM aura usa niyukti ke AdhAra se nirmita pracalita hai, usake padoM kI vyAkhyA milatI hai| muni zrI puNyavijayajI kA abhimata hai ki dazAzrutaskandha kI cUNi lagabhaga solaha sau varSa purAnI hai| kalpasUtra ke pahale sUtra meM "teNaM kAleNaM teNaM samaeNaM samaNo bhagavaM mahAvIre.............."aura aMtima sUtra meM .............."bhujjo bhujjo uvadaMsei" pATha hai| vahI pATha dazAzrutaskandha ke AThaveM uddezaka [dazA] meM hai| yahAM para zeSa pATha ko "jAva" zabda ke antargata saMkSepa kara diyA hai| vartamAna meM jo pATha upalabdha hai usameM kevala paMcakalyANaka kA hI nirUpaNa hai, jisakA paryuSaNAkalpa ke sAtha koI sambandha nahIM hai| ataH spaSTa hai ki paryuSaNAkalpa isa adhyayana meM pUrNa kalpasUtra thaa| kalpasUtra aura dazAzrutaskandha ina donoM ke racayitA bhadrabAha haiN| isalie donoM eka hI racanAkAra kI racanA hone se yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki kalpasUtra dazAzrutaskandha kA pAThavA adhyayana hI hai / vRtti, cUNi, pRthvIcaMdaTippaNa aura anya kalpasUtra ko TIkAoM se yaha spaSTa pramANita hai| nauveM uddezaka meM 30 mahAmohanIya sthAnoM kA varNana hai| AtmA ko prAvata karane vAle pudagala karma kahalAte haiN| mohanIyakarma una saba meM pramukha hai| mohanIyakarmabaMdha ke kAraNoM kI koI maryAdA nahIM hai, tathApi zAstrakAra ne mohanIya karmabaMdha ke hetubhUta kAraNoM ke tIsa bhedoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| unameM duradhyavasAya kI tIvratA aura krUratA itanI mAtrA meM hotI hai ki kabhI kabhI mahAmohanIyakarma kA bandha ho jAtA hai jisase AtmA 70 koTA-koTi sAgaropama taka saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatA hai| AcArya haribhadra tathA jinadAsagaNI mahattara kevala mohanIya zabda kA prayoga karate hai| uttarAdhyayana, samavAyAMga aura dazAzrutaskandha meM bhI mohanIthasthAna kahA hai|' kintu bhedoM ke ullekha meM "mahAmohaM pakuvvai" zabda kA prayoga huA hai| ve sthAna jaise ki trasa jIvoM ko pAnI meM DabAkara mAranA, unako zvAsa Adi roka kara mAranA, mastaka para gIlA camar3A Adi vA~dhakara mAranA, guptarIti se anAcAra kA sevana karanA, mithyA kalaMka lagAnA, bAlabrahmacArI na hote hue bhI bAlabrahmacArI kahalAnA, kevalajJAnI kI nindA karanA, bahuzruta na hote hue bhI bahuzruta kahalAnA, jAdU-TonA Adi karanA, kAmotpAdaka vikathAoM kA bAra-bAra prayoga karanA Adi haiN| dazaveM uddezaka dizA kA nAma "AyatisthAna" hai| isameM vibhinna nidAnoM kA varNana hai| nidAna kA artha hai-moha ke prabhAva se kAmAdi icchAoM kI utpatti ke kAraNa hone vAlA icchApUrtimUlaka saMkalpa / jaba mAnava ke antarmAnasa meM moha ke prabala prabhAva se vAsanAeM udabhUta hotI haiM taba vaha unakI pUrti ke lie dRr3ha saMkalpa karatA hai| yaha saMkalpavizeSa hI nidAna hai| nidAna ke kAraNa mAnava kI icchAeM bhaviSya meM bhI nirantara banI rahatI haiM jisase vaha janma-maraNa kI paramparA se mukta nahIM ho paataa| bhaviSyakAlIna janma-maraNa kI dRSTi se prastuta uddezaka kA nAma prAyatisthAna rakhA gayA hai| prAyati kA artha janma yA jAti hai| nidAna kA kAraNa hone se AyatisthAna mAnA gayA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to Ayati meM se "ti" pRthaka kara lene para 'pAya" avaziSTa rahatA hai| prAya kA artha lAbha hai| jisa nidAna se janma-maraNa kA lAbha hotA hai usakA nAma Ayati hai| isa dazA meM varNana hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra rAjagaha pdhaare| rAjA zreNika va mahArAnI celanA bhagavAna ke vandana hetu phuNce| rAjA zreNika ke divya va bhavya rUpa aura mahAn samRddhi ko nihAra kara zramaNa socane lagezreNika to sAkSAt devatulya pratIta ho rahA hai| yadi hamAre tapa, niyama aura saMyama Adi kA phala ho to hama bhI 1. tIsaM moha-ThaNAI-abhikkhaNaM-abhikkhaNaM AyAremANe vA samAyAremANe vA mohaNijjatAe kammaM pakareI / --dazAzrutaskandha, pR. 321-upA. AtmArAmajI mahArAja [48 ]
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________________ isa jaise bneN| mahArAnI celanA ke sundara salaune rUpa va aizvarya ko dekhakara zramaNiyoM ke antarmAnasa meM yaha saMkalpa huA ki hamArI sAdhanA kA phala ho to hama AgAmI janma meM calanA jaisI baneM / antaryAmI mahAvIra ne unake saMkalpa ko jAna liyA aura zramaNa-zramaNiyoM se pUchA ki kyA tumhAre mana meM isa prakAra kA saMkalpa huA hai? unhoMne svIkRti sUcaka uttara diyA--"hAM, bhagavan ! yaha bAta satya hai|" bhagavAn ne kahA-"nirgrantha-pravacana sarvottama hai, paripUrNa hai, sampUrNa karmoM ko kSINa karane vAlA hai| jo zramaNa yA zramaNiyAM isa prakAra dharma se vimukha hokara aizvarya Adi ko dekhakara lubhA jAte haiM aura nidAna karate haiM ve yadi binA prAyazcitta kie Ayu pUrNa karate haiM to devaloka meM utpanna hote haiM aura vahAM se ve mAnavaloka meM punaH janma lete haiN| nidAna ke kAraNa unheM kevalI dharma kI prApti nahIM hotii| ve sadA sAMsArika viSayoM meM hI mugdha bane rahate haiN|" zAstrakAra ne 9 prakAra ke nidAnoM kA varNana kara yaha batAyA ki nirgrantha pravacana hI saba karmoM se mukti dilAne vAlA ekamAtra sAdhana hai / ataH nidAna nahIM karanA cAhie aura kiyA ho to AlocanA-prAyazcitta karake mukta ho jAnA caahie| upasaMhAra isa prakAra prastuta prAgama meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kI jIvanI vistAra se pAThavI dazA meM milatI hai| cittasamAdhi evaM dharmacintA kA sundara varNana hai / upAsakapratimAoM va bhikSupratimAoM ke bheda-prabhedoM kA bhI varNana hai| bRhatkalpa bRhatkalpa kA chedasUtroM meM gauravapUrNa sthAna hai / anya chedasUtroM kI taraha isa sUtra meM bhI zramaNoM ke AcAraviSayaka vidhi-niSedha, utsarga-apabAda, tapa, prAyazcitta Adi para cintana kiyA gayA hai| isameM chaha uddezaka haiM, 81 adhikAra haiM, 473 zlokapramANa upalabdha mUlapATha hai / 206 sUtrasaMkhyA hai| prathama uddezaka meM 50 sUtra haiM / pahale ke pAMca sUtra tAlapralaMba viSayaka hai| nirgrantha aura nirgranthiyoM ke lie tAla evaM pralaMba grahaNa karane kA niSedha hai| isameM akhaNDa evaM apakva tAlaphala va tAlamUla grahaNa nahIM karanA cAhie kintu vidArita, pakva tAla pralaMba lenA kalpya hai, aisA pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai, Adi-Adi / mAsakalpa viSayaka niyama meM zramaNoM ke RtubaddhakAla-hemanta aura grISma Rtu ke 8 mahinoM meM eka sthAna para rahane ke adhikatama samaya kA vidhAna kiyA hai| zramaNoM ko saparikSepa arthAt saprAcIra evaM prAcIra se bAhara nimnokta 16 prakAra ke sthAnoM meM varSARtu ke atirikta anya samaya meM eka sAtha eka mAsa se adhika ThaharanA nahIM klptaa| 1. grAma [jahAM rAjya kI aora se 18 prakAra ke kara liye jAte hoM] 2. magara [jahAM 18 prakAra ke kara na lie jAte hoM 3. kheTa [jisake cAroM ora miTTI kI dIvAra ho] 4. karbaTa [jahAM kama loga rahate hoM] 5. maDamba [jisake bAda DhAI kosa taka koI gA~va na ho] [ 49 ]
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________________ 6. pattana [jahAM saba vastueM upalabdha hoM] 7. Akara [jahAM saba vastueM upalabdha hoM] 8. droNamukha [jahA~ jala aura sthala ko milAne vAlA mArga ho, jahAM samudrI mAla prAkara utaratA ho] 9. nigama [jahAM vyApAriyoM kI vasati ho] 10. rAjadhAnI [jahAM rAjA ke rahane ke mahala Adi hoM] 11. prAzrama [jahAM tapasvI Adi rahate hoM] 12. niveza sanniveza [jahAM sArthavAha pAkara utarate hoM] 13. sambAdha-saMbAha [jahAM kRSaka rahate hoM athavA anya gAMva ke loga apane gAMva se dhana Adi kI rakSA ke nimitta parvata, guphA Adi meM Akara Thahare hue hoM] 14. ghoSa [jahAM gAya Adi carAne vAle gUjara loga-gvAle rahate hoM] 15. aMzikA [gAMva kA ardha, tRtIya athavA caturtha bhAga] 16. puTabhedana [jahAM para gAMva ke vyApArI apanI cIjeM becane Ate hoM] nagara kI prAcIra ke andara aura bAhara eka-eka mAsa taka raha sakate haiN| andara rahate samaya bhikSA andara se lenI cAhie aura bAhara rahate samaya bAhara se| zramaNiyAM do mAsa andara aura do mAsa bAhara raha sakatI haiN| jisa prAcIra kA eka hI dvAra ho vahAM nirgrantha aura nirgranthiyoM ko eka sAtha rahane kA niSedha kiyA hai, para aneka dvAra hoM to raha sakate haiN| jisa upAzraya ke cAroM ora aneka dukAneM hoM, aneka dvAra hoM vahAM sAdhviyoM ko nahIM rahanA cAhie kintu sAdhu yatanApUrvaka raha sakatA hai / jo sthAna pUrNa rUpa se khulA ho, dvAra na hoM vahAM para sAdhviyoM ko rahanA nahIM klptaa| yadi apavAdarUpa meM upAzraya-sthAna na mile to paradA lagAkara raha sakatI haiN| nirgranthoM ke lie khule sthAna para bhI rahanA kalpatA hai| nirgrantha aura nirgranthiyoM ko kapar3e kI maccharadAnI [cilimilikA rakhane va upayoga karane kI anumati pradAna kI gaI hai| nirgrantha va nirgranthiyoM ko jalAzaya ke sannikaTa khar3e rahanA, baiThanA, leTanA, sonA, khAnA-pInA, svAdhyAya Adi karanA nahIM kalpatA / jahAM para vikArotpAdaka citra hoM vahAM para zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko rahanA nahIM klptaa| makAna mAlika kI binA anumati ke rahanA nahIM klptaa| jisa makAna ke madhya meM hokara rAstA ho--- jahAM gRhastha rahate hoM, vahAM zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko nahIM rahanA cAhie / kisI zramaNa kA AcArya, upAdhyAya, zramaNa yA zramaNI se paraspara kalaha ho gayA ho, paraspara kSamAyAcanA karanI caahie| jo zAMta hotA hai vaha ArAdhaka hai| zramaNadharma kA sAra upazama hai-"uvasamasAraM saamnnnnN"| varSAvAsa meM vihAra kA niSedha hai kintu hemanta va grISma Rtu meM vihAra kA vidhAna hai| jo pratikUla kSetra hoM vahA~ nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko bAra-bAra vicaranA niSiddha hai| kyoMki saMyama kI virAdhanA hone kI sambhAvanA hai| isalie prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| [ 50 ]
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________________ gahastha ke yahAM bhikSA ke lie yA zaucAdi ke lie zramaNa bAhara jAya usa samaya yadi koI gRhastha vastra, pAtra, kambala Adi denA cAhe to AcArya kI anumati prApta hone para use lenA rakhanA caahie| vaise hI dhamaNI ke lie pravartinI kI AjJA Avazyaka hai| zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ke lie rAtri ke samaya yA asamaya meM AhArAdi grahaNa karane kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| isI taraha vastra, pAtra, kambala, rajoharaNa grahaNa kA niSedha hai| apavAdarUpa meM yadi taskara zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ke vastra curAkara le gayA ho aura ve punaH prApta ho gaye hoM to rAtri meM le sakate haiN| yadi ve vastra taskaroM ne pahane hoM, svaccha kiye hoM, raMge hoM yA dhUpAdi sugandhita padArthoM se vAsita kiye hoM to bhI grahaNa kara sakate haiN| nirgrantha va nirgranthiyoM ko rAtri ke samaya yA vikAla meM vihAra kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| yadi uccArabhUmi Adi ke lie apavAda rUpa meM jAnA hI par3e to akelA na jAya kintu sAdhuoM ko sAtha lekara jAya / nirgrantha va nirgranthiyoM ke vihAra kSetra kI maryAdA para cintana kiyA gayA hai / pUrva meM aMgadeza evaM magadhadeza taka, dakSiNa meM kausAmbI taka, pazcima meM sthUNA taka va uttara meM kuNAlA taka-ye AryakSetra haiN| prAryakSetra meM vicarane se jJAna-darzana kI vRddhi hotI hai| yadi anAryakSetra meM jAne para ratnatraya kI hAni kI sambhAvanA na ho to jA sakate haiN| dvitIya uddezaka meM upAzraya viSayaka 12 sUtroM meM batAyA hai ki jisa upAzraya meM zAlI, vIhi, mUga, ur3ada Adi bikhare par3e hoM vahAM para zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko kiMcit samaya bhI na rahanA cAhie kintu eka sthAna para Dhera rUpa meM par3e hue hoM to vahAM hemanta va grISma Rtu meM rahanA kalpatA hai| yadi koSThAgAra Adi meM surakSita rakhe hue hoM to varSAvAsa meM bhI rahanA kalpatA hai| jisa sthAna para surAvikaTa, sauvIravikaTa Adi rakhe hoM vahA~ kiMcit samaya bhI sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko nahIM rahanA caahie|' yadi kAraNavazAt anveSaNA karane para bhI anya sthAna upalabdha na ho to zramaNa do rAtri raha sakatA hai, adhika nhiiN| adhika rahane para cheda yA parihAra kA prAyazcitta AtA hai / 2 / isI taraha zItodakavikaTakubha, uSNodakavikaTakubha, jyoti, dIpaka aAdi se yukta upAzraya meM nahIM rahanA caahie| isI taraha eka yA aneka makAna ke adhipati se AhArAdi nahIM lenA caahie| yadi eka mukhya ho to usake atirikta zeSa ke yahAM se le sakate haiN| yahAM para zayyAtara mukhya hai jisakI prAjJA grahaNa kI hai| zayyAtara ke vividha pahaluoM para cintana kiyA gayA hai| nimrantha-nirganthiyoM ko jAMgika, bhA~gika, sAnaka, potaka aura tiriTapaTTaka ye pA~ca prakAra se vastra lenA 1. surAvikaTaM piSTaniSpannam sauvIravikaTaM tu piSTavaa~guMDAdidravya niSpannam / --kSemakIrtikRta vRti, pRSTha 10952 2. "chedo vA" paMcarAtrindivAdiH "parihAro vA" mAsalaghukAdistapovizeSo bhavatIti sUtrArthaH / / -vahI 3. jaMgamAH trasAH tadavayavaniSpannaM jAMgamikam, bhagA atasI tanmayaM bhAMgikam, sanasUtramayaM sAnakam, potaka kAryAsikam tirITa: vRkSavizeSastasya yaH paTTo valkala kSaNastaniSpanna tirITapaTTakaM nA paMcamam / ~-u02, sU024 [ 51 ]
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________________ kalpatA hai aura auNika, prauSTrika, sAnaka, vaccakacippaka, mUjacippaka ye pAMca prakAra ke' rajoharaNa rakhanA kalpatA hai| tRtIya uddezaka meM nirgranthoM ko nirgranthiyoM ke upAzraya meM baiThanA, sonA, khAnA, pInA, svAdhyAya, dhyAna, kAyotsarga karanA nahIM kalpatA / isI prakAra nirgranthiyoM ko nirgranthoM ke upAzraya prAdi meM baiThanA, khAnA, pInA Adi nahIM kalpatA / prAge ke cAra sUtroM meM carma viSayaka, upabhoga Adi ke sambandha meM kalpAkalpa kI carcA hai| vastra ke sambandha meM kahA hai ki ve raMgIna na hoM, kintu zveta hone caahie| kaunasI-kaunasI vastueM dhAraNa karanA yA na karanA-isakA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| dIkSA lete samaya vastroM kI maryAdA kA bhI varNana kiyA gayA hai| varSAvAsa meM vastra lene kA niSedha hai kintu hemanta va grISma RtU meM AvazyakatA hone para vastra lene meM bAdhA nahIM hai aura vastra ke vibhAjana kA isa sambandha meM bhI cintana kiyA hai| nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko prAtihArika vastueM usake mAlika ko binA diye anyatra vihAra karanA nahIM klptaa| yadi kisI vastu ko koI curA le to usakI anveSaNA karanI cAhiye aura milane para zayyAtara ko de denI cAhie / yadi AvazyakatA ho to usakI AjJA hone para upayoga kara sakatA hai / caturtha uddezaka meM abrahmasevana tathA rAtri-bhojana Adi vratoM ke sambandha meM doSa lagane para prAyazcitta kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| paMDaka, napusaka evaM vAtika pravrajyA ke lie ayogya hai| yahAM taka ki unake sAtha saMbhoga eka sAtha bhojana-pAnAdi karanA bhI niSiddha hai| avinIta, rasalolupI va krodhI ko zAstra par3hAnA anucita hai| duSTa, mUDha aura duvidagdha ye tIna pravrajyA aura upadeza ke anadhikArI haiN| nigraMnthI rugNa avasthA meM yA anya kisI kAraNa se apane pitA, bhAI, putra Adi kA sahArA lekara uThatI yA baiThatI ho aura sAdhu ke sahAre kI icchA kare to cAturmAsika prAyazcita pAtA hai| isI taraha nirgrantha mAtA, zrI Adi kA sahArA lete hue tathA sAdhvI ke sahAre kI icchA kare to use bhI cAturmAsika prAyazcitta AtA hai| isameM caturtha vrata ke khaMDana kI sambhAvanA hone se prAyazcitta kA vidhAna kiyA hai| nirgrantha va nirganthiyoM ko kAlAtikrAnta, kSetrAtikrAnta prazanAdi grahaNa karanA nahIM klptaa| prathama pauruSI kA lAyA huA AhAra caturtha pauruSI taka rakhanA nahIM klptaa| yadi bhUla se raha jAya to paraTha denA caahie| upayoga karane para prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| yadi bhUla se aneSaNIya, snigdha prazanAdi bhikSA meM A gayA ho to anapasthApita zramaNa- jinameM mahAvratoM kI sthApanA nahIM kI hai unheM de denA caahie| yadi vaha na ho to nirdoSa sthAna para paraTha denA caahie| Acelakya prAdi kalpa meM sthita zramaNoM ke lie nirmita AhArAdi akalpasthita zramaNoM ke lie kalpanIya hai| jo AhArAdi akalpasthita zramaNoM ke lie nirmita ho vaha karUpasthita zramaNoM ke lie akalpya hotA hai| yahAM para kalpasthita kA tAtparya hai "paMcayAmadharmapratipanna" aura akalpasthita dharma kA artha hai "caaturyaamdhrmprtipnn"| 1. "auNika" UraNikAnAmUrNAbhinivRttam, "pauSTrika" uSTromabhinivRttam, "sAnaka" sanavRkSavalkAd jAtam "vAcakaH" tRNavizeSastasya "cippakaH'' kuTTitaH tvagUpaH tena niSpanna vaccakacippakam "mujaH" zarastambastasya cippakAd jAtaM mujacippaka nAma paMcamamiti / -----u0 2, sU0 25 [ 52
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________________ kisI nigrantha ko jJAna Adi ke kAraNa anya gaNa meM upasampadA lenI ho to AcArya kI anumati prAvazyaka hai| isI prakAra prAcArya, upAdhyAya, gaNAvacchedaka Adi ko bhI yadi anya gaNa meM upasampadA lenI ho to apane samudAya kI yogya vyavasthA karake hI anya gaNa meM sammilita honA caahie| saMdhyA ke samaya yA rAtri meM koI zramaNa yA zramaNI kAladharma ko prApta ho jAya to dUsare zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko usa mRta zarIra ko rAtri bhara sAvadhAnI se rakhanA caahie| prAtaH gRhastha ke ghara se bAMsa Adi lAkara mRtaka ko usase bAMdhakara dUra jaMgala meM nirdoSa bhUmi para prasthApita kara denA cAhie aura puna: bAMsa Adi gahastha ko de denA caahie| zramaNa ne kisI gahastha ke sAtha yadi kalaha kiyA ho to use zAMta kiye binA bhikSAcaryA karamA nahIM klptaa| parihAravizuddhacAritra grahaNa karane kI icchA vAle zramaNa ko vidhi samajhAne hetu pAraNe ke dina svayaM cArya, upAdhyAya usake pAsa jAkara AhAra dilAte haiM aura svasthAna para Akara parihAravizuddhacAritra kA pAlana karane kI vidhi batalAte haiN| zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko gaMgA, yamunA, sarayU, kozikA, mahI ina pAMca mahAnadiyoM meM se mahIne meM eka se adhika bAra eka nadI pAra nahIM karanI caahie| airAvatI Adi chichalI nadiyAM mahIne meM do-tIna bAra pAra kI jA sakatI haiN| zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko ghAsa kI aisI nirdoSa jhopar3I meM, jahAM para acchI taraha se khar3A nahIM rahA jA sake, hemanta va grISma Rtu meM rahanA baya' hai| yadi nirdoSa tRNAdi se banI huI do hAtha se kama UMcI jhopar3I hai to varSARtu meM vahAM nahIM raha sakate / yadi do hAtha se adhika UMcI hai to vahAM varSARtu meM raha sakate haiN| paMcama uddezaka meM batAyA hai ki yadi koI deva strI kA rUpa banAkara sAdhu kA hAtha pakar3e aura vaha sAdhu usake komala sparza ko sukharUpa mAne to use maithuna pratisevana doSa lagatA hai aura use cAturmAsika guru-prAyazcitta AtA hai| isI prakAra sAdhvI ko bhI usake viparIta puruSa sparza kA anubhava hotA hai aura use sukharUpa mAne to cAturmAsika guru-prAyazcitta AtA hai| koI zramaNa binA kleza ko zAMta kie anya gaNa meM jAkara mila jAya aura usa gaNa ke prAcArya ko jJAta ho jAya ki yaha zramaNa bahAM se kalaha karake AyA hai to use pAMca rAtadina kA cheda denA cAhie aura use zAnta kara apane gaNa meM punaH bheja denA caahie| sazakta yA azakta zramaNa sUryodaya ho cukA hai yA abhI asta nahIM huyA hai aisA samajhakara yadi AhArAdi karatA hai aura phira yadi use yaha jJAta ho jAya ki abhI to sUryodaya huA hI nahIM hai yA asta ho gayA hai to use AhArAdi tatkSaNa tyAga denA caahie| use rAtribhojana kA doSa nahIM lgtaa| sUryodaya aura sUryAsta ke prati zaMkAzIla hokara AhArAdi karane vAle ko rAtribhojana kA doSa lagatA hai| zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko rAtri meM DakArAdi ke dvArA muha meM anna Adi A jAya to use bAhara thUka denA cAhie / yadi pAhArAdi meM dvIndriyAdi jIva gira jAya to yatanApUrvaka nikAla kara AhArAdi karanA caahie| yadi nikalane kI sthiti meM na ho to ekAnta nirdoSa sthAna meM paristhApana kara de| aAhArAdi lete samaya sacitta pAnI kI bUdeM AhArAdi meM gira jAeM aura vaha AhAra garama ho to use khAne meM kicita mAtra bhI doSa nahIM hai| [53 ]
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________________ kyoMki usameM par3I huI bUMdeM acitta ho jAtI haiM / yadi AhAra zItala hai to na svayaM khAnA cAhie aura na dUsaroM ko khilAnA cAhie apitu ekAnta sthAna para paristhApana kara denA caahie| nirgranthI ko ekAkI rahanA, nagna rahanA, pAvarahita rahanA, grAmAdi ke bAhara AtApanA lenA, utkaTukAsana, vIrAsana, daNDAsana, laguDazAyI Adi Asana para baiThakara kAyotsarga karanA vayaM hai| - nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko paraspara moka (pezAba yA thUka) kA Acamana karanA akalpya hai kintu rogAdi kAraNoM se grahaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai / parihArakarUpa meM sthiti bhikSa ko sthavira Adi ke Adeza se anyatra jAnA par3e to zIghra jAnA cAhie aura kArya karake punaH lauTa AnA caahie| yadi cAritra meM kisI prakAra kA doSa lage to prAyazcitta lekara zuddha kara lenA caahie| chaThe uddezaka meM yaha batAyA hai ki nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko alIka (jhUTha) vacana, hIlitavacana, khisitavacana, paruSavacana, gArhasthikavacana, vyavazamitodIraNavacana (zAMta hue kalaha ko ubhAranevAlA vacana), ye chaha prakAra ke vacana nahIM bolanA caahie| prANAtipAta, mRSAvAda, adattAdAna, avirati-abrahma, napusaka, dAsa Adi kA Aropa lagAne vAle ko prAyazcitta pAtA hai| nirgantha ke paira meM kAMTA laga gayA ho aura vaha nikAlane meM asamartha ho to use apavAdarUpa meM nirgranthI nikAla sakatI hai| isI prakAra nadI Adi meM DUbane, girane, phisalane Adi kA prasaMga Aye to sAdhu sAdhvI kA hAtha pakar3akara bacAye / isI prakAra vikSiptacitta nirgranthI ko apane hAtha se pakar3akara usake sthAna para pahuMcA de, vaise hI bhI sAdhvI hAtha pakar3akara pahuMcA sakatI hai| yaha smaraNa rakhanA cAhie ki ye ApavAdika sUtra haiN| isameM vikArabhAvanA nahIM kintu paraspara ke saMyama kI surakSA kI bhAvanA hai| sAdhu kI maryAdA kA nAma kalpasthiti hai / yaha chaha prakAra kI hai--sAmAyika-saMyatakalpasthiti, chedopasthApanIya saMyatakalpasthiti, nirvizamAnakalpasthiti, niviSTakAyikakalpasthiti, jinakalpasthiti aura sthvirklpsthiti| ___isa prakAra bRhatkalpa meM zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ke jIvana aura vyavahAra se sambandhita aneka mahattvapUrNa tathyoM para prakAza DAlA hai| yahI isa zAstra kI vizeSatA hai| vyavahArasUtra bRhatkalpa aura vyavahAra ye donoM eka dUsare ke pUraka haiM / vyavahAra bhI chedasUtra hai jo caraNAnuyogamaya hai| isameM daza uddezaka haiM / 373 anuSTupa zloka pramANa upalabdha mUla pATha hai / 267 sUtra saMkhyA hai| prathama uddezaka meM mAsika prAyazcitta ke yogya doSa kA sevana kara usa doSa kI prAcArya Adi ke pAsa kapaTarahita AlocanA karane vAle zramaNa ko ekamAsika prAyazcitta pAtA hai jabaki kapaTasahita karane para dvimAsika prAyazcitta kA bhAgI hotA hai| dvimAsika prAyazcitta ke yogya doSa kI sAdhaka niSkapaTa AlocanA karatA hai to use dvimAsika prAyazcitta pAtA hai aura kapaTasahita karane se tIna mAsa kA / isa prakAra tIna, cAra, pAMca aura chaha mAsa ke [ 54 ]
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________________ prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| adhika se adhika chaha mAsa ke prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| jisane aneka doSoM kA sevana kiyA ho use kramazaH pAlocanA karanI cAhie aura phira sabhI kA sAtha meM prAyazcitta lenA caahie| prAyazcitta karate hue bhI yadi punaH doSa laga jAya to usakA punaHprAyazcitta karanA caahie| prAyazcitta kA sevana karane vAle zramaNa ko sthavira Adi kI anujJA lekara hI anya sAdhuoM ke sAtha uThanAbaiThanA caahie| AjJA kI avahelanA kara kisI ke sAtha yadi vaha baiThatA hai to utane dina kI usakI dIkSAparyAya kama hotI hai jise Agamika bhASA meM cheda kahA gayA hai| parihArakalpa kA parityAga kara sthavira Adi kI sevA ke lie dUsare sthAna para jA sakatA hai / koI zramaNa gaNa kA parityAga kara ekAkI vicaraNa karatA hai aura yadi vaha apane ko zuddha prAcAra ke pAlana karane meM asamartha anubhava karatA hai to use AlocanA kara cheda yA navIna dIkSA grahaNa karavAnI cAhie / jo niyama sAmAnya rUpa se ekalavihArI zramaNa ke lie hai vahI niyama ekalavihArI gaNAvacchedaka, AcArya va zithilAcArI zramaNa ke lie hai| AlocanA prAcArya, upAdhyAya ke samakSa kara prAyazcitta lekara zuddha honA caahie| yadi ve anupasthita hoM to apane saMbhogI, sArmika, bahuzruta Adi ke samakSa AlocanA karanI caahie| yadi ve pAsa meM na hoM to anya samudAya ke saMbhogI, bahuzruta Adi zramaNa jahA~ hoM vahA~ jAkara AlocanA kara prAyazcitta grahaNa karanA caahie| yadi vaha bhI na hoM to sArUpika (sadoSI) kintu bahuzruta sAdhu hoM to vahA~ jAkara prAyazcitta lenA caahie| yadi vaha bhI na hoM to bahuzruta zramaNopAsaka ke pAsa aura usakA bhI abhAva ho to samyagdaSTi gahastha ke pAsa jAkara prAyazcitta karanA cAhie / ina sabake abhAva meM gA~va yA nagara ke bAhara jAkara pUrva yA uttara dizA ke sammukha khar3e hokara donoM hAtha jor3akara apane aparAdha kI pAlocanA kare / dvitIya uddezaka meM kahA hai ki eka samAna samAcArI vAle do sArmika sAtha meM hoM aura unameM se kisI eka ne doSa kA sevana kiyA ho to dUsare ke sanmukha prAyazcitta lenA caahie| prAyazcitta karane vAle kI sevA Adi kA bhAra dUsare zramaNa para rahatA hai| yadi donoM ne doSasthAna kA sevana kiyA ho to paraspara AlocanA kara prAyazcitta lekara sevA karanI caahie| aneka zramaNoM meM se kisI eka zramaNa ne aparAdha kiyA ho to eka ko hI prAyazcitta de / yadi sabhI ne aparAdha kiyA hai to eka ke atirikta zeSa sabhI prAyazcitta lekara zuddhikaraNa kareM aura unakA prAyazcitta pUrNa hone para use bhI prAyazcitta dekara zuddha kreN| parihArakalpasthita zramaNa kadAcit rugNa ho jAya to use gaccha se bAhara nikAlanA nahIM kalpatA / jaba taka vaha svastha na ho jAya taba taka bayAvRtya karavAnA gaNAvacchedaka kA kartavya hai aura svastha hone para usane sadoSAvasthA meM sevA karavAI ataH use prAyazcitta lenA caahie| isI taraha anavasthApya evaM pArAMcika prAyazcitta karane vAle ko bhI rugNAvasthA meM gaccha se bAhara nahIM karanA caahie| vikSiptacitta ko bhI gaccha se bAhara nikAlanA nahIM kalpatA aura jaba taka usakA citta sthira na ho jAya taba taka usakI pUrNa sevA karanI cAhie tathA svastha hone para nAmamAtra kA prAyazcitta denA caahie| isI prakAra dIptacitta (jisakA citta abhimAna se udadIpta ho gayA hai), unmAdaprApta, upasargaprApta, sAdhikaraNa, saprAyazcitta grAdi ko gaccha se bAhara nikAlanA nahIM klptaa| nauvAM anavasthApya prAyazcitta karane vAle sAdhu ko mRhasthaliMga dhAraNa karAye binA saMyama meM punaH sthApita [ 55 ]
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________________ nahIM karanA cAhie, kyoMki usakA aparAdha itanA mahAna hotA hai ki binA vaisA kiye usakA pUrA prAyazcitta nahIM ho pAtA aura na anya zramaNoM ke antarmAnasa meM usa prakAra ke aparAdha ke prati bhaya hI utpanna hotA hai| isI prakAra dasaveM pAraMcika prAyazcitta vAle zramaNa ko bhI gahastha kA veSa pahanAne ke pazcAta puna: saMyama meM sthApita karanA cAhie / yaha adhikAra prAyazcittadAtA ke hAtha meM hai ki use gahastha kA veSa na pahanAkara anya prakAra kA veSa bhI pahanA sakatA hai| pArihArika aura apArihArika zramaNa eka sAtha AhAra kareM, yaha ucita nahIM hai / pArihArika zramaNoM ke sAtha binA tapa pUrNa hue apArihArika zramaNoM ko AhArAdi nahIM karanA cAhie, kyoMki jo tapasvI haiM unakA tapa pUrNa hone ke pazcAt eka mAsa ke tapa para pAMca dina aura chaha mahIne ke tapa para eka mahInA vyatIta ho jAne ke pUrva unake sAtha koI AhAra nahIM kara sakatA, kyoMki una dinoM meM unake lie vizeSa prakAra ke pAhAra kI AvazyakatA hotI hai jo dUsaroM ke lie Avazyaka nahIM / tRtIya uddezaka meM batAyA hai ki kisI zramaNa ke mAnasa meM apanA svataMtra gaccha banAkara paribhramaNa karane kI icchA ho para vaha AcArAMga Adi kA parijJAtA nahIM ho to ziSya Adi parivArasahita hone para bhI pRthak gaNa banAkara svacchandI honA yogya nhiiN| yadi vaha AcArAMga Adi kA jJAtA hai to sthavira se anumati lekara vicara thavira kI binA anumati ke vicarane bAle ko jitane dina isa prakAra vicarA ho utane hI dina kA cheda yA pArihArika prAyazcitta kA bhAgI honA par3atA hai| upAdhyAya vahI bana sakatA hai jo kama se kama tIna varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlA hai, nirgrantha ke prAcAra meM niSNAta haiM, saMyama meM pravINa hai, AcArAMga prAdi pravacanazAstroM meM pAraMgata hai, prAyazcitta dene meM pUrNa samartha hai, saMgha ke lie kSetra Adi kA nirNaya karane meM dakSa hai, cAritravAna hai, bahuzruta hai Adi / prAcArya vaha bana sakatA hai jo zramaNa ke prAcAra meM kuzala, pravacana meM paTu, dazAzrutaskandha-kalpa-bRhatkalpavyavahAra kA jJAtA hai aura kama se kama pAMca varSa kA dIkSita hai / AcArya, upAdhyAya, pravartinI, sthavira, gaNI, gaNAvacchedaka pada use diyA jA sakatA hai jo zramaNa ke prAcAra meM kuzala, pravacanadakSa, asaMkliSTamanA va sthAnAMga-samavAyAMga kA jJAtA hai| apavAda meM eka dina kI dIkSAparyAya vAle sAdhu ko bhI prAcArya, upAdhyAya ke pada para pratiSThita kiyA jA sakatA hai| usa prakAra kA sAdhu pratItikArI, dhairyazIla, vizvasanIya, samabhAvI, pramoda kArI, anumata, bahumata va ucca kulotpanna evaM guNasaMpanna honA Avazyaka hai| AcArya athavA upAdhyAya kI AjJA se hI saMyama kA pAlana karanA cAhie / abrahma kA sevana karane vAlA prAcArya Adi padavI ke ayogya hai / yadi gaccha kA parityAga kara usane vaisA kArya kiyA hai to punaH dIkSA dhAraNa kara tIna varSa bItane para yadi usakA mana sthira ho, vikAra zAMta ho, kaSAya Adi kA abhAva ho to prAcArya pada para pratiSThita kiyA jA sakatA hai| caturtha uddezaka meM kahA hai ki prAcArya athavA upAdhyAya ke sAtha hemanta aura grISma Rtu meM kama se kama eka anya sAdhu honA cAhie aura gaNAvacchedaka ke sAtha do / barSARtu meM prAcArya aura upAdhyAya ke sAtha do va gaNAvacchedaka ke sAtha tIna sAdhuoM kA honA Avazyaka hai| [ 56 ]
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________________ AcArya kI mahattA para prakAza DAlakara yaha batAyA gayA hai ki unake abhAva meM kisa prakAra rahanA cAhie ? AcArya, upAdhyAya yadi adhika rugNa hoM aura jIvana kI AzA kama ho to anya sabhI zramaNoM ko bulAkara prAcArya kahe ki merI Ayu pUrNa hone para amuka sAdhu ko amuka padavI pradAna karanA / unakI mRtyu ke pazcAt yadi vaha sAdhu yogya pratIta na ho to anya ko bhI pratiSThita kiyA jA sakatA hai aura yogya ho to use hI pratiSThita karanA caahie| anya yogya zramaNa AcArAMga Adi par3hakara dakSa na ho jAya taba taka AcArya Adi kI sammati se asthAyI rUpa se sAdhu ko kisI bhI pada para pratiSThita kiyA jA sakatA hai aura yogya padAdhikArI prApta hone para pUrvavyakti ko apane pada se pRthaka ho jAnA caahie| yadi vaha vaisA nahIM karatA hai to prAyazcitta kA bhAgI hotA hai| do zramaNa sAtha meM vicaraNa karate hoM to unheM yogyatAnusAra choTA aura bar3A hokara rahanA cAhie aura eka-dUsare kA sammAna karanA cAhie / isI prakAra AcArya, upAdhyAya ko bhii| pAMcaveM uddezaka meM pravartinI ko kama se kama do anya sAdhviyoM ke sAtha zItoSNakAla meM grAmAnugrAma vicaraNa karanA cAhie aura gaNAvacchedikA ke sAtha tIna anya sAdhviyAM honI cAhie / varSA Rtu meM pravartinI ke sAtha tIna aura gaNAvacchedikA ke sAtha cAra sAdhviyAM honI caahie| pravartinI prAdi kI mRtyU aura padAdhikArI kI niyukti ke sambandha meM jaisA zramaNoM ke lie kahA gayA hai vaisA hI zramaNiyoM ke lie bhI samajhanA caahie| vaiyAvRtya ke lie sAmAnya vidhAna yaha hai ki zramaNa, zramaNI se aura zramaNI, zramaNa se bayAvRtya na karAve kintu apavAdarUpa meM paraspara sevA-zuzrUSA kara sakate haiN| sarpadaMza Adi koI viziSTa paristhiti paidA ho jAya to apavAdarUpa meM gahastha se bhI sevA karavAI jA na sthavirakalpiyoM ke lie hai| jinakalpiyoM ke lie sevA kA vidhAna nahIM hai| yadi ve sevA karavAte haiM to pArihArika taparUpa prAyazcitta karanA par3atA hai| chaThe uddezaka meM batAyA hai ki apane svajanoM ke yahAM binA sthaviroM kI anumati prApta kie nahIM jAnA caahie| jo zramaNa-zramaNI alpazruta va alpa-prAgamI haiM unheM ekAkI apane sambandhiyoM ke yahAM nahIM jAnA cAhie / yadi jAnA hai to bahuzruta va bahuprAgamadhArI zramaNa-zramaNI ke sAtha jAnA caahie| zramaNa ke pahuMcane ke pUrva jo vastu paka kara taiyAra ho cukI hai vaha grAhya hai aura jo taiyAra nahIM huI hai vaha agrAhya hai| prAcArya, upAdhyAya yadi bAhara se upAzraya meM AveM to unake pAMva poMchakara sApha karanA caahie| unake laghunIta Adi ko yatanApUrvaka bhUmi para paraThanA caahie| yathAzakti unakI vaiyAvRtya karanI cAhie / upAzraya meM unake sAtha rahanA caahie| upAzraya ke bAhara jAveM taba unake sAtha jAnA cAhie / gaNAvacchedaka upAzraya meM raheM taba sAtha rahanA cAhie aura upAzraya se bAhara jAeM to sAtha jAnA caahie| zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko prAcArAMga Adi AgamoM ke jJAtA zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ke sAtha rahana kalpatA hai aura binA jJAtA ke sAtha rahane para prAyazcitta kA bhAgI bananA par3atA hai| kisI vizeSa kAraNa se anya gaccha se nikalakara Ane vAle zramaNa-zramaNI yadi nirdoSa haiM, AcAraniSTha haiM, sabaladoSa se rahita haiM, krodhAdi se asaMspRSTa haiM, apane doSoM kI AlocanA kara zUddhi karate haiM, to unake sAtha samAnatA kA vyavahAra karanA kalpatA hai, nahIM to nhiiN| [ 57 ]
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________________ sAtaveM uddezaka meM yaha vidhAna hai ki sAdhU strI ko aora sAdhvI puruSa ko dIkSA na de| yadi kisI aise sthAna meM kisI strI ko vairAgya bhAvanA jAgrata haI ho jahAM sannikaTa meM sAdhvI na ho to vaha isa zarta para dIkSA detA hai ki vaha yathAzIghra kisI sAdhvI ko supurda kara degaa| isI taraha sAdhvI bhI puruSa ko dIkSA de sakatI hai| jahAM para taskara, badamAza yA duSTa vyaktiyoM kA prAdhAnya ho vahAM zramaNiyoM ko vicaranA nahIM kalpatA, kyoMki vahAM para vastrAdi ke apaharaNa va vratabhaMga zrAdi kA bhaya rahatA hai| zramaNoM ke lie koI bAdhA nahIM hai| kisI zramaNa kA kisI aise zramaNa se vaira-virodha ho gayA hai jo vikaTa dizA (corAdi kA nivAsa ho aisA sthAna) meM hai to vahA~ jAkara usase kSamAyAcanA karanI cAhie, kintu svasthAna para rahakara nhiiN| kintu zramaNI apane sthAna se bhI kSamAyAcanA kara sakatI hai| sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko AcArya, upAdhyAya ke niyantraNa ke binA svacchanda rUpa se paribhramaNa karanA nahIM klptaa| AThaveM uddezaka meM isa bAta para prakAza DAlA gayA hai ki sAdhU eka hAtha se uThAne yogya choTe-moTe zayyA saMstAraka, tIna dina meM jitanA mArga taya kara sake utanI dUra se lAnA kalpatA hai| kisI baddha nirgrantha ke lie mAvazyakatA par3ane para pAMca dina meM jitanA cala sake utanI dUrI se lAnA kalpatA hai / sthavira ke lie nimna upakaraNa kalpanIya haiM--daNDa, bhANDa, chatra, mAtrikA, lASThika (pITha ke pIche rakhane ke lie takiyA yA pATA), dhyAyAdi ke lie baiThane kA pATA), cela (vastra), cela-cilimilikA (vastra kA pardA), carma, carmakoza (camar3e kI thailI), carma-palicha (lapeTane ke lie camar3e kA ttukdd'aa)| ina upakaraNoM meM se jo sAtha meM rakhane ke yogya na hoM unheM upAzraya ke samIpa kisI gRhastha ke yahAM rakhakara samaya-samaya para unakA upayoga kiyA jA sakatA hai| kisI sthAna para aneka zramaNa rahate hoM, unameM se koI zramaNa kisI gRhastha ke yahAM para koI upakaraNa bhUla gayA ho aura anya zramaNa vahAM para gayA ho to gRhastha zramaNa se kahe ki yaha upakaraNa Apake samudAya ke saMta kA hai to saMta usa upakaraNa ko lekara svasthAna para Aye aura jisakA upakaraNa ho use de de| yadi vaha upakaraNa kisI saMta kA na ho to na svayaM usakA upayoga kare aura na dUsaroM ko upayoga ke lie de kintu nirdoSa sthAna para usakA parityAga kara de| yadi zramaNa vahAM se vihAra kara gayA ho to usakI anveSaNA kara svayaM use usake pAsa pahuMcAve / yadi usakA sahI patA na lage to ekAnta sthAna para prasthApita kara de| pAhAra kI carcA karate hue batAyA hai ki ATha grAsa kA AhAra karane vAlA alpa-yAhArI, bAraha grAsa kA AhAra karane vAlA apArdhAvamaudarika, solaha grAsa kA AhAra karane vAlA dvibhAgaprApta, caubIsa grAsa kA AhAra karane vAlA prAptAvamaudarika, battIsa grAsa kA AhAra karane vAlA pramANopetAhArI evaM battIsa grAsa se eka hI grAsa kama khAne vAlA avamaudarika kahalAtA hai| nauveM uddezaka meM batAyA hai ki zayyAtara kA AhArAdi para svAmitva ho yA usakA kucha adhikAra ho to vaha prAhAra zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ke lie grAhya nahIM hai| isameM bhikSupratimAnoM kA bhI ullekha hai jisakI carcA hama dazAzrutaskandha ke varNana meM kara cuke haiN| dasaveM uhe zaka meM yavamadhyacandra pratimA yA vanamadhyacandrapratimA kA svarUpa pratipAdita karate hue kahA gayA hai ki jo yava (jau) ke kaNa samAna madhya meM moTI ora donoM ora patalI ho vaha yavamadhyacandrapratimA hai| jo vana ke samAna madhya meM patalI aura donoM aura moTI ho vaha vajramadhyacandrapratimA hai| yavamadhyacandrapratimA kA dhAraka vamadhyacandrapratimA hai| jo vana [ 58 ]
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________________ zramaNa eka mAsa paryanta apane zarIra ke mamatva ko tyAga kara deva, manuSya aura tiryaJca sambandhI anukUla yA pratikUla upasargoM ko samabhAvapUrvaka sahana karatA hai aura zuklapakSa kI pratipadA ko eka datti AhAra kI aura eka datti pAnI kI, dvitIyA ko do datti AhAra kI aura do datti pAnI kI grahaNa karatA hai| isa prakAra kramazaH eka-eka datti bar3hAtA huA pUrNimA ko 15 datti AhAra kI aura 15 datti pAnI kI grahaNa karatA hai| kRSNapakSa meM kramaza: eka datti kama karatA jAtA hai aura amAvasyA ke dina upavAsa karatA hai| ise yavamadhyacandrapratimA kahate haiN| vajramadhyacandrapratimA meM kRSNapakSa kI pratipadA ko 15 datti pAhAra kI aura 15 dati pAnI kI grahaNa kI jAtI hai| use pratidina kama karate hue yAvat amAvasyA ko eka datti prAhAra kI aura eka datti pAnI kI grahaNa kI jAtI hai / zuklapakSa meM kramaza: eka-eka datti bar3hAte hue pUrNimA ko upavAsa kiyA jAtA hai / isa prakAra 30 dina kI pratyeka pratimA ke prArambha ke 29 dina datti ke anusAra pAhAra aura antima dina upavAsa kiyA jAtA hai| vyavahAra ke Agama, zruta, AjJA, dhAraNA aura jItavyavahAra, ye pAMca prakAra haiN| inameM pAgama kA sthAna prathama hai aura phira kramazaH inakI carcA vistAra se bhASya meM hai| sthavira ke jAtisthavira, sUtrasthavira aura pravrajyAsthavira, ye tIna bheda haiN| 60 varSa kI Ayu vAlA zramaNa jAtisthavira yA vayaHsthavira kahalAtA hai| ThANAMga, samavAyAMga kA jJAtA sUtrasthavira aura dIkSA dhAraNa karane ke 20 varSa pazcAta kI dIkSA vAle nirgrantha pravrajyAsthavira kahalAte haiN| zaikSa bhUmiyAM tIna prakAra kI haiM-sapta-rAtridinI cAturmAsikI aura ssnnmaasikii| ATha varSa se kama umra vAle bAlaka-bAlikAoM ko dIkSA denA nahIM klptaa| jinakI umra laghu hai ve prAcArAMgasUtra ke par3hane ke adhikArI nahIM haiN| kama se kama tIna varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAle sAdhu ko AcArAMga par3hAnA kalpya hai / cAra varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAle ko sUtrakRtAMga, pA~ca varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAle ko dazAzrutaskandha, kalpa (bRhatkalpa) aura vyavahAra, ATha varSa kI dIkSA vAle ko sthAnAMga aura samavAyAMga, dasa varSa kI dIkSA vAle ko vyAkhyAprajJapti (bhagavatI), gyAraha varSa kI dIkSA vAle ko laghuvimAna-pravibhakti, mahAvimAnapravibhakti, aMgacUlikA, baMgalikA aura vivAha-cUlikA, bAraha varSa kI dIkSA vAle ko aNorupapAtika, garulopapAtika, dharaNopapAtika, vaizramaNopapAtika aura vailaMdharopapAtika, teraha varSa kI dIkSA vAle ko upasthAnazruta, devendropapAta aura nAgapariyApanikA (nAgapariyAvaNigrA), caudaha varSa kI dIkSA vAle ko svapnabhAvanA, pandraha varSa kI dIkSA vAle ko cAraNabhAvanA, solaha yarSa kI dIkSA vAle ko vedanIzataka, satraha varSa kI dIkSA vAle ko pAzIviSabhAvanA, aThAraha varSa kI dIkSA vAle ko dRSTividhabhAvanA, unnIsa varSa kI dIkSA vAle vAle ko dRSTivAda aura bIsa varSa kI dIkSA vAle ko saba prakAra ke zAstra par3hAnA kalpya hai| vaiyAvRtya (sevA) dasa prakAra kI kahI gaI hai--1. AcArya kI vaiyAvRtya, 2. upAdhyAya kI vaiyAvRtya, usI prakAra, 3. sthavira kI, 4. tapasvI kI, 5. zaikSa-chAtra kI, 6. glAna-rugNa kI, 7. sAmika kI, 8. kala kI. 9. gaNa kI aura 10. saMgha kI vaiyAvRtya / uparyukta dasa prakAra kI vayAvRtya se mahAnirjarA hotI hai| upasaMhAra isa prakAra prastuta sUtra kI aneka vizeSatAeM haiN| isameM svAdhyAya para vizeSa rUpa se bala diyA gayA hai| [ 59 ]
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________________ sAtha hI ayogyakAla meM svAdhyAya karane kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| anadhyAyakAla kI vivecanA kI gaI hai| zramaNazramaNiyoM ke bIca adhyayana kI sImAeM nirdhArita kI gaI haiN| AhAra kA kavalAhArI, alpAhArI aura UnodarI kA varNana hai / prAcArya, upAdhyAya ke lie bihAra ke niyama pratipAdita kiye gaye haiN| AlocanA aura prAyazcitta kI vidhiyoM kA isameM vistRta vivecana hai / sAdhviyoM ke nivAsa, adhyayana, vaiyAvatya tathA saMgha-vyavasthA ke niyamopaniyama kA vivecana hai| isake racayitA zrutakevalI bhadrabAha mAne jAte haiN| vyAkhyAsAhitya Agama sAhitya ke guru gambhIra rahasyoM ke udghATana ke liye vividhavyAkhyAsAhitya kA nirmANa hayA hai ! usa virATa Agama vyAkhyAsAhitya ko hama pAMca bhAgoM meM vibhakta kara sakate haiM (1) niyuktiyAM (nijjutti)| (2) bhASya (bhAsa) / (3) cUNiyAM (cunnnni)| (4) saMskRta ttiikaaeN| (5) lokabhASA meM likhita vyAkhyAsAhitya / sarvaprathama prAkRta bhASA meM jo padyabaddha TIkAeM likhI gaI ve niyuktiyoM ke nAma se vizruta haiN| niyuktiyoM meM mUla grantha ke pratyeka pada para vyAkhyA na kara mukhya rUpa se pAribhASika zabdoM kI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai / usakI zailI nikSepapaddhati kI hai| jo nyAyazAstra meM atyadhita priya rhii| nikSepapaddhati meM kisI eka pada ke sambhAvita aneka artha karane ke pazcAt unameM se aprastuta arthoM kA niSedha kara prastuta artha grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| suprasiddha jarmana vidvAn zArapeNTiyara ne niyukti kI paribhASA isa prakAra kI hai--"niyuktiyA~ apane pradhAna bhAga ke kevala iNDeksa kA kAma karatI haiM / ve sabhI vistAra yukta ghaTanAvaliyoM kA saMkSepa meM ullekha karatI haiN|" niyuktikAra bhadrabAha mAne jAte haiN| ve kauna the isa sambandha meM hamane anya prastAvanAoM meM vistAra se likhA hai / bhadrabAhu kI dasa niyuktiyAM prApta haiM / usameM dazAzrutaskandhaniyukti bhI eka hai| dazAzrutaskandhaniyukti prathama zratakevalI bhadrabAha ko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai phira daza adhyayanoM ke adhikAroM kA varNana hai| prathama asamAdhisthAna meM dravya aura bhAva samAdhi ke sambandha meM cintana kara sthAna ke nAma, sthApanA, dravya, kSetra, zraddhA, Urdhva, caryA, vasati, saMyama, pragraha, yodha, acala, gaNana, saMsthAna (saMghANa) aura bhAva ina pandraha nikSepoM kA varNana hai| dvitIya adhyayana meM zabala kA nAma Adi cAra nikSepa se vicAra kiyA hai| tRtIya adhyayana meM AzAtanA kA vizleSaNa hai| caturtha adhyayana meM "gaNi" aura "sampadA" para nikSepa dRSTi se cintana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki gaNi aura guNI ye donoM ekArthaka haiN| prAcAra hI prathama gaNisthAna hai| sampadA ke dravya aura bhAva ye do bheda haiM / zarIra dravyasampadA hai aura AcAra bhAvasampadA hai| paMcama adhyayana meM cittasamAdhi kA nikSepa kI daSTi se vicAra kiyA gayA hai| samAdhi ke cAra prakAra haiN| jaba citta rAga-dveSa se mukta hotA hai, prazastadhyAna meM tallIna hotA hai taba bhAvasamAdhi hotI hai| SaSTha adhyayana meM upAsaka aura pratimA para nikSepa daSTi se cintana kiyA gayA hai| upAsaka ke dravyopAsaka, tadarthopAsaka, mohopAsaka aura bhAvopAsaka ye cAra prakAra hai| bhAvopAsaka vahI ho sakatA hai jisakA jIvana samyagdarzana ke Aloka se jagamagA rahA ho| yahAM para zramaNopAsaka kI ekAdaza [60 ]
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________________ pratimAnoM kA nirUpaNa hai| saptama adhyayana meM zramaNapratimAoM para cintana karate hue bhAvabhramaNapratimA ke samAdhipratimA, upadhAnapratimA, vivekapratimA, pratisaMlInapratimA aura vivekapratimA ye pA~ca prakAra batAye haiN| aSTama adhyayana meM paryuSaNAkalpa para cintana kara parivasanA, paryuSaNA, payu pazamanA, varSAvAsa, prathama-samavasaraNa, sthApanA aura jyeSTha graha ko paryAyavAcI batAyA hai| zramaNa varSAvAsa meM eka sthAna para sthita rahatA hai aura pATha mAha taka vaha paribhramaNa karatA hai| navama adhyayana meM mohanIyasthAna para vicAra kara usake pApa, barya, vaira, paMka, panaka, kSobha, asAta, saMga, zalya, atara, nirati, dhartya ye moha ke paryAyavAcI batAe gaye haiN| dazama adhyayana meM janmamaraNa ke mUla kAraNoM para cintana kara usase mukta hone kA upAya batAyA gayA hai| niyuktisAhitya ke pazcAt bhASyasAhitya kA nirmANa huA, kintu dazAzrutaskandha para koI bhI bhASya nahIM likhA gyaa| bhASyasAhitya ke pazcAt cUrNisAhitya kA nirmANa huaa| yaha gadyAtmaka vyAkhyAsAhitya hai / isameM zuddha prAkRta aura saMskRta mizrita prAkRta meM vyAkhyA likhI gaI hai| cUrNikAra jinadAsagaNi mahattara kA nAma cuNisAhitya meM vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya hai| dazAzrutaskandhacUrNi kA mUla AdhAra dazAzrutaskandha niyukti hai| isa cUNi meM prathama maMgalAcaraNa kiyA gayA hai| usake pazcAt dasa adhyayanoM ke adhikAroM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| jo sarala aura sugama hai| mUlapATha meM aura cUrNisammata pATha meM kucha antara hai| yaha caNi mukhya rUpa se prAkRta bhASA meM hai| yatra-tatra saMskRta zabdoM va vAkyoM ke prayoga bhI dikhAI dete haiM / cUNi ke pazcAt saMskRta TIkAoM kA yuga aayaa| usa yuga meM aneka AgamoM para saMskRta bhASA meM TIkAeM likhI gaI / brahmamuni (brahmarSi) ne dazAzrutaskandha para eka TIkA likhI hai tathA prAcArya ghAsIlAlajI ma. ne dazAzrutaskandha para saMskRta meM vyAkhyA likhI aura AcArya samrATa AtmArAmajI ma. ne dazAzrataskandha para hindI meM TIkA likhii| aura AcArya amolakaRSijI ma. ne sarvaprathama hindI anuvAda likhaa| maNivijayajI gaNi granthamAlA bhAvanagara se dazAzrutaskandha mUla niyukti cUNi sahita vi. saM. 2011 meM prakAzita huaa| sukhadevasahAya jvAlAprasAda haidarAbAda se vIra saM. 2445 ko amolakaRSijI kRta hindI anuvAda dazAzrutaskandha kA prakAzita huprA / jaina zAstramAlA kAryAlaya saidamiTThA bAjAra lAhaura se prAcArya prAtmArAmajI ma. kRta san 1936 meM hindI TIkA prakAzita huii| saMskRta vyAkhyA va hindI anuvAda ke sAtha jaina zAstroddhAra samiti rAjakoTa se san 1960 meM ghAsIlAlajI ma. kA dazAzrutaskandha prakAzita huaa| Agama anuyoga prakAzana sANDerAva se prAyAra-dazA ke nAma se mUlasparzI anuvAda sana 1981 meM prakAzita hamA / yatra-tatra usameM vizeSArtha bhI diyA gayA hai| prastuta sampAdana-prAgama sAhitya ke marmajJa mahAmanISI muni zrI kanhaiyAlAlajI ma. "kamala" ne kiyA hai| yaha sampAdana sundara hI nahIM, ati sundara hai| Agama ke rahasya kA tathA zramaNAcAra ke vividha ulajhe hue praznoM kA unhoMne prAcIna vyAkhyA sAhitya ke prAdhAra se taTastha cintanaparaka samAdhAna prastuta kiyA hai| svalpa zabdoM meM [ 61 ]
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________________ viSaya ko spaSTa karanA sampAdaka munijI kI vizeSatA hai| isa sampAdana meM unakA gambhIra pANDitya yatra-tatra mukharita huA hai| bRhatkalpa kA vyAkhyAsAhitya bRhatkalpaniyukti-dazAzrutaskandha kI taraha bRhatkalpaniyukti likhI gaI hai| usameM sarvaprathama tIrthaMkaroM ko namaskAra kara jJAna ke vividha bhedoM para cintana kara isa bAta para prakAza DAlA hai ki jJAna aura maMgala meM kathaMcit abheda hai / anuyoga para nAma, sthApanA, dravya, kSetra, kAla, vacana aura bhAva ina sAta nikSepoM se cintana kiyA hai / jo pazcAdbhUta yoga hai vaha anuyoga hai athavA jo stoka rUpa yoga hai vaha anUyoga hai| kalpa ke upakrama, nikSepa, anugama aura naya ye cAra anuyogadvAra haiM / kalpa aura vyavahAra kA adhyayana cintana karane vAlA medhAvI santa bahuzruta, cirapravajita, kalpika, acaMcala, avasthita, aparizrAvI, vijJa prAptAnujJAta aura bhAvapariNAmaka hotA hai| isameM tAla-pralamba kA vistAra se varNana hai, aura usake grahaNa karane para prAyazcitta kA bhI vidhAna hai| grAma, nagara, kher3a, karbaTaka, maDamba, pattana, Akara, droNamukha, nigama, rAjadhAnI, pAzrama, niveza, saMbAdha, ghoSa, aMzikA, Adi padoM para bhI nikSepadRSTi se cintana kiyA hai| jinakalpika aura sthavirakalpika para bhI prakAza DAlA hai| Arya pada para vicAra karate hue nAma, sthApanA, dravya, kSetra, jAti, kula, karma, bhASA, zilpa, jJAna, darzana, cAritra ina bAraha nikSepoM se cintana kiyA hai| pAryakSetra meM vicaraNa karane se jJAna, darzana aura cAritra kI abhivaddhi hotI hai| anArya kSetroM meM vicaraNa karane se aneka doSoM ke lagane kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai| skandakAcArya ke dRSTAnta ko dekara isa tathya ko spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI jJAna-darzana-cAritra kI vRddhi hetu anArya kSetra meM vicaraNa karane kA Adeza diyA hai aura usake lie rAjA samprati kA dRSTAnta bhI diyA gayA hai / zramaNa aura zramaNiyoM ke prAcAra, vicAra, AhAra, vihAra kA saMkSepa meM bahuta hI sundara varNana kiyA gayA hai| sarvatra nikSepapaddhati se vyAkhyAna kiyA gayA hai| yaha niyukti svatantra na rahakara bRhatkalpabhASya meM mizrita ho gaI hai| bRhatkalpa-ladhubhASya-bRhatkalpa ladhubhASya saMghadAsagaNI kI eka bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa kRti hai| isameM bRhatkalpasUtra ke padoM kA vistAra ke sAtha vivecana kiyA gayA hai| laghabhASya hone para bhI isakI gAthA saMkhyA 6490 hai| yaha chaha uddezyoM meM vibhakta hai| bhASya ke prArambha meM eka savistRta pIThikA dI gaI hai| jisakI gAthA saMkhyA 805 hai| isa bhASya meM bhArata kI mahattvapUrNa sAMskRtika sAmagrI kA saMkalana-Akalana huA hai| isa sAMskRtika sAmagrI ke kucha aMza ko lekara DaoN. motIcanda ne apanI pustaka "sArthavAha" meM "yAtrI aura sArthavAha" kA sundara prAkalana kiyA hai| prAcIna bhAratIya saMskRtika aura sabhyatA kA adhyayana karane ke lie isakI sAmagrI vizeSa upayogI hai| jaina zramaNoM ke AcAra kA hRdayagrAhI, sUkSma, tArkika vivecana isa bhASya kI mahattvapUrNa vizeSatA hai| pIThikA meM maMgalavAda, jJAnapaMcaka meM zrutajJAna ke prasaMga para vicAra karate hue samyaktvaprApti kA krama aura praupazamika, sAsvAdana, kSAyopazamika, vedaka aura kSAyika samyaktva ke svarUpa kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / anuyoga kA svarUpa batAkara nikSepa Adi bAraha prakAra ke dvAroM se usa para cintana kiyA hai| kalpavyavahAra para vividha daSTiyoM se cintana karate hue yatra-tatra viSaya ko spaSTa karane ke lie dRSTAntoM kA bhI upayoga huA hai| pahale uddezaka kI vyAkhyA meM tAla-vRkSa se sambandhita vividha prakAra ke doSa aura prAyazcitta, tAla-pralamba ke grahaNa sambandhI apavAda, zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko dezAntara jAne ke kAraNa aura usakI vidhi, zramaNoM kI asvasthatA ke vidhi-vidhAna, vaiSoM ke pATha prakAra batAye haiN| duSkAla prabhRti vizeSa paristhiti meM zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ke eka dUsare [ 62 ]
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________________ ke avagahIta kSetra meM rahane kI vidhi, usake 144 bhaMga aura tatsambandhI prAyazcitta Adi kA varNana hai| grAma, nagara, kheDa, karbaTaka, maDamba, pattana, prAkara, droNamukha, nigama, rAjadhAnI, Azrama, niveza, saMbAdha, aMzikA, puTabhedana, zaMkara prabhRti padoM para viyecana kiyA hai| nakSatramAsa, candramAsa, RtumAsa, AdityamAsa aura abhivadhitamAsa kA varNana hai| jinakalpika aura sthavirakalpika kI kriyAeM, samavasaraNa, tIrthakara, gaNadhara, AhArakazarIrI, anuttaradeva, cakravartI, baladeva, vAsudeva Adi kI zubha aura azubha karmaprakRtiyAM, tIrthakara kI bhASA kA vibhinna bhASAoM meM pariNamana, AphNagRha, rathyAmukha, zRGgATaka, catuSka, catvara, antarAphNa Adi padoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai aura una sthAnoM para bane hue upAzrayoM meM rahane vAlI zramaNiyoM ko jina doSoM ke lagane kI sambhAvanA hai unakI carcA kI gaI hai| bhASyakAra ne dravya grAma ke bAraha prakAra batAye hai (1) uttAnakamallaka, (2) avAGa mukhamallaka, (3) sampuTamallaka, (4) uttAnakakhaNDamallaka, (5) avAGa mukhakhaNDamallaka, (6) sampuTakhaNDamallaka, (7) bhiti, (8) paDAli, (9) valAbhi, (10) akSATaka, (11) rucaka, (12) kaashypk| tIrthakara, gaNadhara aura kevalI ke samaya hI jinakalpika muni hote haiN| jinakalpika muni kI samAcArI kA varNana sattAIsa dvAroM se kiyA hai- (1) zruta, (2) saMhanana, (3) upasarga, (4) AtaMka, (5) vedanA, (6) katijana, (7) sthaMDila, (8) vasati, (9) kiyAccira, (10) uccAra, (11) prasravaNa, (12) avakAza, (13) tRNaphalaka, (14) saMrakSaNatA, (15) saMsthApanatA, (16) prAbhRtikA, (17) prAgni, (18) dIpa, (19) avadhAna, (20) vatsyakSa, (21) bhikSAcaryA, (22) pAnaka, (23) lepAlepa, (24) lepa, (25) prAcAmla (26) pratimA, (27) mAsakalpa / jinakalpika kI sthiti para cintana karate hae kSetra, kAla, cAritra, tIrtha, paryAya, Agama, veda, kalpa, liMga, lezyA, dhyAna, gaNanA, abhigraha, pravrAjanA, muNDApanA, prAyazcitta, kAraNa, niSpratikarma aura bhakta ina dvAroM se prakAza DAlA hai| isake pazcAt parihAravizuddhika aura yathAlandika kalpa kA svarUpa batAyA hai| sthavirakalpika kI pravrajyA, zikSA, arthagrahaNa, aniyatavAsa aura niSpatti ye sabhI jinakalpika ke samAna haiN| zramaNoM ke vihAra para prakAza DAlate hae vihAra kA samaya, vihAra karane se pahale gaccha ke nivAsa evaM nirvAha yogya yA ayogya kSetra, pratyupekSakoM kA nirvAcana, kSetra kI pratilekhanA ke lie kisa prakAra gamanAgamana karanA cAhie, vihAra mArga evaM sthaMDila bhUmi, jala, vizrAmasthAna, bhikSA, vasati, upadrava Adi kI parIkSA, pratilekhanIya kSetra meM praveza karane kI vidhi, bhikSA se vahA~ ke mAnavoM ke antarmAnasa kI parIkSA, bhikSA, auSadha Adi kI prApti meM saralatA va kaThinatA kA parijJAna, vihAra karane se pUrva vasati ke adhipati kI anumati, vihAra karane se pUrva zubha zakUna dekhanA Adi kA varNana hai| sthavirakalpikoM kI samAcArI meM ina bAtoM para prakAza DAlA hai1. pratilekhanA-vastra Adi kI pratilekhanA kA samaya, pratilekhanA ke doSa aura unakA prAyazcita / 2. niSkramaNa- upAzraya se bAhara nikalane kA samaya / 3. prAbhRtikA- gRhastha ke lie jo makAna taiyAra kiyA hai, usameM rahanA cAhie yA nahIM rahanA caahie| tatsambandhI vidhi va prAyazcitta / [63 ]
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________________ 4. bhikSA-bhikSA ke lene kA samaya aura bhikSA sambandhI prAvazyaka vastueM / 5. kalpakaraNa-pAtra ko svaccha karane kI vidhi, lepakRta aura alepakRta pAtra, pAtra-lepa se lAbha / 6. gacchazatikAdi-AdhArmika, svagRhayatimizra, svagRhapASaNDamizra, yAvadAthikamizra, krItakRta, pUtikArmika aura prAtmArthakRta tathA unake avAntara bheda / 7. anuyAna rathayAtrA kA varNana aura usa sambandhI doSa / 8. pura:karma-bhikSA lene se pUrva sacitta jala se hAtha Adi sApha karane se lagane vAle doSa / 9. glAna-glAna-rugNa zramaNa kI sevA se hone vAlI nirjarA, usake lie pathya kI gaveSaNA, cikitsA ke lie baidya ke pAsa le jAne kI vidhi, vaidya se vArtAlApa karane kA tarIkA, rugNa zramaNa ko upAzraya, galI Adi meM chor3akara cale jAne vAle prAcArya ko lagane vAle doSa aura unake prAyazcitta kA vidhAna / 10. gacchapratibaddha yathAlaMdika-vAcanA Adi kAraNoM se gaccha se sambandha rakhane vAle yathAladika kalpadhAriyoM ke sAtha vandana Adi vyavahAra tathA mAsakalpa kI maryAdA / 11. uparidoSa-varSARtu ke atirikta samaya meM eka kSetra meM eka mAsa se adhika rahane se lagane vAle doSa / 12. apavAda-eka kSetra meM eka mAsa se adhika rahane ke prApavAdika kAraNa, zramaNa-zramaNiyoM kI bhikSAcaryA kI vidhi para bhI prakAza DAlA hai| sAtha hI yaha bhI batAyA hai ki yadi grAma, nagara Adi durga ke andara aura bAhara do bhAgoM meM vibhakta ho to andara aura bAhara zramaNiyoM ke prAcArasambandhI vidhi-vidhAnoM para prakAza DAlate hae batAyA hai ki nirgranthI ke mAsakalpa kI maryAdA, vihAra-vidhi, samudAya kA pramukha aura usake guNa, usake dvArA kSetra kI pratilekhanA, bauddha zrAvakoM dvArA bhar3auca meM zramaNiyoM kA apaharaNa, zramaNiyoM ke yogya kSetra, vasati, vidharmI se upadrava kI rakSA, bhikSAhetu jAne vAlI zramaNiyoM kI saMkhyA, varSAvAsa ke atirikta zramaNI ko eka sthAna para adhika se adhika kitanA rahanA, usakA vidhAna haiN| sthavirakalpa aura jinakalpa ina donoM avasthAoM meM kaunasI avasthA pramukha hai, isa para cintana karate hue bhASyakAra ne niSpAdaka aura niSpanna ina donoM dRSTiyoM se donoM kI pramukhatA svIkAra kI hai| sUtra artha Adi dRSTiyoM se sthavirakalpa jinakalpa kA niSpAdaka hai| jinakalpa jJAna-darzana-cAritra prabhRti dRSTiyoM se niSpanna hai| viSaya ko spaSTa karane kI dRSTi se guhAsiMha, do mahilAeM aura do vargoM ke udAharaNa prastuta kiye haiN| ___eka prAcaura aura eka dvAra vAle grAma-nagara Adi meM nirgandha-nirgranthiyoM ko nahIM rahanA cAhie, isa sambandha meM vistAra se vivecana kiyA hai| zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko kisa sthAna meM rahanA cAhie, isa para vividha dRSTiyoM se cintana kiyA gayA hai| vyavazamana prakRta sUtra meM isa bAta para cintana kiyA hai ki zramaNoM meM paraspara vaimanasya ho jAye to upazamana dhAraNa karake kleza ko zAnta karanA caahie| jo upazamana dhAraNa karatA hai vaha pArAdhaka hai, jo nahIM karatA hai vaha virAdhaka hai| prAcArya ko zramaNa-zramaNiyoM meM kleza hone para usakI upazAnti hetu upekSA karane para prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| paraspara ke jhagar3e ko zAnta karane kI vidhi pratipAdita kI gaI hai|
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________________ cAra prakRta sUtra meM batAyA hai ki zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko varSARtu meM eka gAMva se dUsare gAMva nahIM jAnA caahie| yadi mamana karatA hai to use prAyazcitta pAtA hai| yadi ApavAdika kAraNoM se vihAra karane kA prasaMga upasthita ho to use yatanA se gamana karanA caahie| avagrahasUtra meM batAyA hai ki bhikSA yA zaucAdi bhUmi ke lie jAte hue zramaNa ko gRhapati vastra, pAtra, kambala Adi grahaNa karane kI prArthanA kare to use lekara prAcArya Adi ko pradAna kare aura unakI AjJA prApta hone para usakA upayoga kre| rAtribhakta prakRta sUtra meM batAyA hai ki rAtri yA vikAla meM prazana pAna Adi grahaNa karanA nahIM cAhie aura na vastra Adi ko grahaNa karanA caahie| rAtri aura vikAla meM adhvagamana kA bhI niSedha kiyA gayA hai / adhva ke do bheda haiM--pantha aura mArga / jisake bIca meM grAma, nagara Adi kucha bhI na pAe vaha pantha hai aura jisake bIca grAma nagara Aye vaha mArga hai| sArtha ke bhaMDI, bahilaka, bhAravaha, praudarika, kArpaTika ye pAMca prakAra haiN| ATha prakAra ke sArthavAha aura pATha prakAra ke sArtha-vyavasthApakoM kA ullekha hai| vihAra ke lie AryakSetra hI vizeSa rUpa se upayukta hai| Arya pada para nAma Adi bAraha nikSepoM se vicAra kiyA hai / Arya jAtiyAM ambaSTha, kalinda, vaideha, vidaka, harita, tantuNa ye chaha haiM aura Arya kula bhI ugra, bhoga, rAjanya, kSatriya, jJAta-kaurava aura ikSvAku yaha chaha prakAra ke haiN| Age upAzraya sambandhI vivecana meM upAzraya ke vyAghAtoM para vistAra se prakAza DAlA hai| jisameM zAli brIhi Adi sacitta dhAnya kaNa bikhare hue hoM usa bIjAkIrNa sthAna para zramaNa ko nahIM rahanA cAhie aura na surAvikaTa kumbha, zItodakavikaTakumbha, jyoti, dIpaka, piNDa, dugdha, dahI, navanIta Adi padArthoM se yukta sthAna para hI rahanA caahie| sAgArika ke pAhAradi ke tyAga kI vidhi, anya sthAna se AI huI bhojanasAmagrI ke dAna kI vidhi, sAmArika kA piNDagrahaNa, viziSTa vyaktiyoM ke nimitta banAye hue bhakta, upakaraNa Adi kA grahaNa, rajoharaNa grahaNa karane kI vidhi batAI hai| pAMca prakAra ke vastra-(1) jAMgika, (2) bhAMgika, (3) sAnaka, (4) potaka, (5) tirITapaTTaka, pAMca prakAra ke rajoharaNa-(1) auNika, (2) prauSTrika, (3) sAnaka, (4) vakcakacippaka, (5) mujacippaka-inake svarUpa aura grahaNa karane kI vidhi batAI gaI hai| tRtIya uddezaka meM nirgrantha aura nirgranthiyoM ke paraspara upAzraya meM praveza karane kI vidhi batAI hai| kRtsna aura akRtsna, bhinna aura abhinna vastrAdi grahaNa, navadIkSita zramaNa-zramaNiyoM kI upadhi para cintana kiyA hai| upadhigrahaNa kI vidhi, vandana Adi kA vidhAna kiyA hai| vastra phAr3ane meM hone vAlI hiMsA-ahiMsA para cintana karate hue dravyAhiMsA aura bhAvahiMsA para vicAra kiyA hai| hiMsA meM jitanI adhika rAga Adi kI tIvratA hogI utanA hI tIvra karmabandhana hogaa| hiMsaka meM jJAna aura ajJAna ke kAraNa karmabaMdha, adhikaraNa kI vividhatA se karmabaMdha meM vaividhya Adi para cintana kiyA gayA hai| caturtha uddezaka meM hastakarma Adi ke prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| mathunabhAva rAgAdi se kabhI bhI rahita nahIM ho sktaa| ata: usakA apavAda nahIM hai / paNDaka Adi ko pravrajyA dene kA niSedha kiyA hai| paMcama uddezaka meM gaccha sambandhI, zAstra smaraNa aura taviSayaka vyAghAta, klezayukta mana se gaccha meM rahane se athavA svagaccha kA parityAga kara anya gaccha meM cale jAne se lagane vAle doSa aura unakA prAyazcitta, niHzaMka aura sazaMka rAtribhojana, udgAra-vamana grAdi viSayaka doSa aura usakA prAyazcitta, pAhAra Adi ke lie prayatna Adi para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| zramaNiyoM ke lie vizeSa rUpa se vidhi-vidhAna batAye gaye haiN| SaSTha uddezaka meM nirdoSa vacanoM kA prayoga aura mithyA vacanoM kA aprayoga, prANAtipAta Adi ke prAyazcitta, kaNTaka ke uddharaNa, viparyAsajanya doSa, prAyazcitta apavAda kA varNana hai| zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko viSama [65 ]
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________________ mArga se nahIM jAnA caahie| jo nirgranthI vikSiptacitta ho gaI hai usake kAraNoM ko samajhakara usake dekha-rekha kI vyavasthA aura cikitsA grAdi ke vidhi-niSedhoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai / zramaNoM ke lie chaha prakAra ke parimanyu vyAdhAta mAne gaye haiM--(1) kautkucita (2) maukharika (3) cakSulola (4) titiNika (5) icchAloma (6) bhijjAnidAnakaraNa-inakA svarUpa, doSa aura apavAda Adi para cintana kiyA hai| ___ kalpasthiti prakRta meM chaha prakAra kI kalpasthitiyoM para vicAra kiyA hai-(1) sAmAyikakalpasthiti, (2) chedopasthAnIyakalpasthiti, (3) nivizamAnakalpasthiti, (4) niviSTakAyikakalpasthiti, (5) jinakalpasthiti, (6) sthavirakalpasthiti | chedopasthApanIyakalpasthiti ke Acelakya, prauddezika prAdi dasa kalpa haiN| usake adhikArI aura anadhikArI para bhI cintana kiyA gayA hai| prastuta bhASya meM yatra-tatra subhASita bikhare par3e haiM, yathA--he mAnavo ! sadA-sarvadA jAgrata raho, jAgrata mAnava kI buddhi kA vikAsa hotA hai, jo jAgatA hai vaha sadA dhanya hai| "jAgaraha narA NicaM, jAgaramANassa bar3hate buddhi / so suvati // so dhaNaM, jo jaggati so sayA dhaNNo // zIla aura lajjA hI nArI kA bhUSaNa hai| hAra Adi prAbhUSaNoM se nArI kA zarIra vibhUSita nahIM ho sktaa| usakA bhUSaNa to zIla aura lajjA hI hai| sabhA meM saMskAra rahita asAdhUvAdinI vANI prazasta nahIM kahI jA sktii| isa prakAra prastuta bhASya meM zramaNoM ke prAcAra-vicAra kA tArkika dRSTi se bahuta hI sUkSma vivecana kiyA gayA hai| usa yuga kI sAmAjika sAMskRtika dhArmika rAjanItika sthitiyoM para bhI khAsA acchA prakAza par3atA hai| aneka sthaloM para manovaijJAnika dRSTi se sundara vizleSaNa huA hai| jaina sAhitya ke itihAsa meM hI nahIM, apitu bhAratIya sAhitya meM isa' grantharatna kA apUrva aura anUThA sthAna hai| bRhatkalpacUNi isa cUNi kA prAdhAra mUlasUtra va laghubhASya hai / dazAzrutaskandhacUNi kA aura bRhatkalpacUrNi kA prArambhika aMza prAyaH milatA-julatA hai| bhASAvijJoM kA mantavya hai ki bRhatkalpacaNi se dazAzru taskandhaNi prAcIna hai| yaha sambhava hai ki ye donoM hI caNiyAM eka hI AcArya kI hoN| prastutaH cUNi meM pIThikA aura chaha uddezaka hai / prArambha meM jJAna ke svarUpa para cintana kiyA gayA hai / abhidhAna aura abhidheya ko kathaMcita bhinna aura kathaMcit abhinna batAte hue vakSa zabda ke chaha bhASAoM meM paryAya diye haiN| jise saMskRta meM vRkSa kahate haiM vahI prAkRta meM rukkSa, magadha meM prodaNa, lATa meM kara, damila-tamila meM cora aura Andhra meM iDAku kahA jAtA hai| caNi meM tattvArthAdhigama, vizeSAvazyakabhASya, karmaprakRti, mahAkalpa, govindaniyaMkti Adi granthoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| bhASA saMskRtamizrita prAkRta hai| caNi meM prArambha se anta taka lekhaka ke nAma kA nirdeza nahIM huA hai|
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________________ vRhatkalpapIThikAvRtti prastuta vRtti bhadrabAhu svAmI viracita bRhatkalpaniyukti evaM saMghadAsagaNI biracita laghubhASya para hai| AcArya malayagiri pIThikA kI bhASya gAthA 606 paryanta hI apanI vRtti likha ske| Age unhoMne vRtti nahIM likhI hai| Age kI vRtti prAcArya kSemakIrti ne pUrNa kI hai| jaisA ki svayaM kSemakIrti ne bhI svIkAra kiyA hai|' vRtti ke prArambha meM vRttikAra ne jinezvara deva ko praNAma kara sadgurudeva kA smaraNa kiyA hai tathA bhASyakAra aura cUrNikAra ke prati bhI kRtajJatA vyakta kI hai| vRttikAra ne bRhatkalpa evaM vyavahArasUtra ke nirmAtAoM ke sambandha meM likhA hai ki caturdaza pUrvadhara bhadrabAha svAmI ne zramaNoM ke anugrahArtha kalpa aura vyavahAra kI racanA kI jisase ki prAyazcitta kA vyavaccheda na ho / unhoMne sUtra ke gambhIra rahasyoM ko spaSTa karane ke liye niyukti kI hI racanA kI hai aura jinameM pratibhA kI tejasvitA kA abhAva hai una alpabuddhi vAle vyaktiyoM ke lie bhASyakAra ne bhASya kA nirmANa kiyA hai| vaha niyukti aura bhASya sUtra ke artha ko prakaTa karane vAle hone se donoM eka grantha rUpa ho gye| vatti meM prAkRta gAthAoM kA uddharaNa ke rUpa meM prayoga haA hai aura viSaya ko subodha banAne kI dRSTi se prAkRta kathAe~ uddhRta kI gaI haiN| prastuta malayamiri vRtti kA granthamAna 4600 zloka pramANa hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki prAcArya malayagiri zAstroM ke gambhIra jJAtA the| vibhinna darzanazAstroM kA jaisA aura jitanA gambhIra vivecana evaM vizleSaNa unakI TIkAoM meM upalabdha hai, vaisA anyatra kahIM para bhI upalabdha nahIM hai / ve apane yuga ke mahAn tattvacintaka, prasiddha TIkAkAra aura mahAn vyAkhyAtA the| AgamoM ke gurugambhIra rahasyoM ko tarkapUrNa zailI meM prastuta karane kI unakI kSamatA adbhuta thI, anUThI thii| saubhAgyasAgara ne bRhatkalpa para saMskRta bhASA meM eka TIkA likhii| bRhatkalpaniyukti, laghubhASya tathA malayagiri, kSemakIrti kRta TIkA sahita san 1933 se 1941 taka zrI jaina prAtmAnanda sabhA bhAvanagara saurASTra se prakAzita huii| prastuta grantha kA sampAdana caturavijayajI aura puNyavijayajI ne kiyaa| sampAdana kalA kI dRSTi se yaha sampAdana utkRSTa kahA jA sakatA hai| vRhatkalpa eka ajJAta TIkAkAra kI TIkA sahita samyakajJAna pracAraka maNDala jodhapura se prakAzita haa| sana 1923 meM jarmana TippaNI Adi ke sAtha W. Schubring Lepizig 1905 : mUla mAtra nAgarIlipi meM-pUnA, 1923 / san 1915 meM DaoN. jIvarAja ghelAbhAI dozI ne gujarAtI anuvAda sahita ahamadAbAda se prakAzita kiyA, aura AcArya amolakaRSijI ma. ne hindI anuvAda sahita sukhadevasahAya jvAlAprasAda jauharI haidarAbAda se prakAzita kiyaa| I. san 1977 meM Agama anuyoga prakAzana sANDerAva se "kappasuttaM" ke nAma se mUlAnusparzI anuvAda aura vizeSa artha ke sAtha prakAzita huaa| prastuta sampAdana prastuta prAgama ke sampAdaka Agama anuyoga pravartaka muni zrI kanhaiyAlAlajI ma. 'kamala' haiN| jinakA zabdAnulakI anuvAda aura sampAdana mana ko lubhAne vAlA hai| prAcIna vyAkhyA sAhitya ke AdhAra para aneka nigUr3ha rahasyoM ko sampAdaka munivara ne spaSTa karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| vyavahArasUtra vyAkhyAsAhitya vyavahAra zramaNa jIvana kI sAdhanA kA eka jIvanta bhASya hai| vyavahAraniyukti meM utsarga aura apavAda 1. zrI malayagirI prabhavo, yAM kattu mupAkramanta matimantaH / sA kalpazAstra TIkA mayA'nusandhoyate'lpadhiyA / -bRhatkalpapIThikAvRtti, pR. 177 [67 ]
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________________ kA vivecana hai| isa niyukti para bhASya bhI hai| jo adhika vistRta hai| bRhatkalpa aura vyavahAra kI niyukti paraspara zailI bhAva-bhASA kI dRSTi se bahuta kucha milatI-julatI hai| donoM meM sAdhanA ke tathya va siddhAnta prAyaH samAna haiM / yaha niyukti bhASya meM vilIna ho gaI hai| vyavahArabhASya hama pUrva meM hI batA cuke haiM ki vyavahArabhASya ke racayitA kA nAma abhI taka jJAta nahIM ho sakA hai| bRhatkalpabhASya ke samAna hI isa bhASya meM bhI nirgrantha aura nirgranthiyoM ke AcAra-vicAra para prakAza DAlA hai| sarvaprathama pIThikA meM vyavahAra, vyavahArI evaM vyavahartavya ke svarUpa kI carcA kI gaI hai| vyavahAra meM doSa lagane kI dRSTi se prAyazcitta kA artha, bheda, nimitta, adhyayana vizeSa, tadaha parSada Adi kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai aura viSaya ko spaSTa karane ke liye aneka dRSTAnta bhI diye gaye haiN| isake pazcAt bhikSu, mAsaparihAra, sthAnapratisevanA, AlocanA Adi padoM para nikSepa dRSTi se cintana kiyA hai| AdhAkarma se sambandhita atikrama, vyatikrama, aticAra, anAcAra ke lie pRthaka-pRthaka prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| mUlaguNa aura uttaraguNa ina donoM kI vizuddhi prAyazcitta se hotI hai| atikrama ke lie mAsaguru aura kAlalaghu, aticAra ke lie tapoguru aura kAlaguru aura anAcAra ke liye caturguru prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| piNDavizuddhi samiti bhAvanA tapa pratimA aura abhigraha ye sabhI uttaraguNa meM haiN| inake kramaza: bayAlIsa, bhATha, paccIsa, bAraha, bAraha aura cAra bheda hote haiN| prAyazcitta karane vAle puruSa ke nirgata aura vartamAna ye do prakAra haiN| jo taporha prAyazcitta se atikrAnta ho gaye haiM ve nirgata haiM aura jo vidyamAna haiM ve vartamAna haiN| unake bhI bheda-prabheda kiye gaye haiN| prAyazcitta ke yogya puruSa cAra prakAra ke hote haiM1. ubhayatara--jo saMyama tapa kI sAdhanA karatA huA bhI dUsaroM kI sevA kara sakatA hai / 2. Atmatara-jo kevala tapa hI kara sakatA hai| 3. paratara-jo kevala sevA hI kara sakatA hai| 4. anyatara-jo tapa aura sevA donoM meM se kisI eka samaya meM eka kA hI sevana kara sakatA hai| mAlocanA pAlocanAha aura Alocaka ke binA nahIM hotii| aAlocanAha svayaM AcAravAna, prAdhAravAna, vyavahAravAna, apavrIDaka, prakurvI, niryApaka, apAyadarzI aura aparizrAbI, ina guNoM se yukta hotA hai / Alocaka bhI jAtisampanna, kulasampanna, vinayasampanna, jJAnasampanna, darzanasampanna, caraNasampanna, kSAnta, dAnta, amAyI aura apazcAttApI ina dasa guNoM se yukta hotA hai| sAtha hI AlocanA ke doSa, tadaviSayabhUta dravya Adi, prAyazcitta dene kI vidhi Adi para bhI bhASyakAra ne cintana kiyA hai| parihAratapa ke varNana meM sevA kA vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai aura subhadrA aura mugAvatI ke udAharaNa bhI diye gaye haiN| AropaNA ke prasthApanikA, sthApitA, kRtsnA, akRtsnA aura hADahaDA ye pAMca prakAra batAye haiM tathA ina para vistAra se carcA kI hai| zithilatA ke kAraNa gaccha kA parityAga kara punaH gaccha meM sammilita hone ke lie vividha prakAra ke prAyazcittoM kA varNana hai| pArzvastha, yathAcchanda, kuzIla, pravasanna aura saMsakta ke svarUpa para prakAza DAlA hai| [ 68]
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________________ zramaNoM ke vihAra kI carcA karate hue ekAkI vihAra kA niSedha kiyA hai aura unako lagane vAle doSoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| vividha prakAra ke tapasvI va vyAdhiyoM se saMsakta zramaNa kI sevA kA vidhAna karate hae kSiptacitta aura dIptacitta kI sevA karane ko manovaijJAnika paddhati para prakAza DAlA hai| kSiptacitta ke rAga, bhaya aura apamAna tIna kAraNa hai| dIptacitta kA kAraNa sammAna hai| sammAna hone para usameM mada paidA hotA hai| zatruoM ko parAjita karane ke kAraNa baha mada se unmatta hokara dIptacitta ho jAtA hai| kSiptacitta aura dIptacitta meM mukhya antara yaha hai ki kSiptacitta prAyaH mauna rahatA hai aura dIptacitta binA prayojana ke bhI bolatA rahatA hai| bhASyakAra ne gaNAvacchedaka, prAcArya, upAdhyAya, pravartaka, sthavira, pravatinI grAdi padaviyoM ko dhAraNa karane vAle kI yogyatAnoM para vicAra kiyA hai| jo gyAraha aMgoM ke jJAtA haiM, navama pUrva ke jJAtA haiM, kRtayogI haiM, bahuzruta hai, bahuta AgamoM ke parijJAtA haiM, sUtrArtha vizArada haiM, dhIra haiM, zrutanigharSa haiM, mahAjana haiM ve viziSTa vyakti hI prAcArya Adi viziSTa padaviyoM ko dhAraNa kara sakate haiN| zramaNoM ke vihAra sambandhI niyamopaniyamoM para vicAra karate hae kahA hai ki AcArya, upAdhyAya grAdi padavIdAroM ko kama se kama kitane santoM ke sAtha rahanA cAhie, Adi vividha vidhi-vidhAnoM kA nirUpaNa hai| prAcArya, upAdhyAya ke pAMca pratizaya hote haiM, jinakA zramaNoM ko vizeSa lakSya rakhanA cAhie 1. unake bAhara jAne para pairoM ko sApha krnaa| 2. unake uccAra-prasravaNa ko nirdoSa sthAna para paraThanA / 3. unakI icchAnusAra vaiyAvRtya karanA / 4. unake sAtha upAzraya ke bhItara rhnaa| 5. unake sAtha upAzraya ke bAhara jaanaa| zramaNa kisI mahilA ko dIkSA de sakatA hai aura dIkSA ke bAda use sAdhvI ko sauMpa denA caahie| sAdhvI kisI bhI puruSa ko dIkSA nahIM de sakatI / use yogya zramaNa ke pAsa dIkSA ke lie preSita karanA caahie| zramaNI eka saMgha meM dIkSA grahaNa kara dUsare saMgha meM ziSyA bananA cAhe to use dIkSA nahIM denI caahie| use jahA~ para rahanA ho vahIM para dIkSA grahaNa karanI cAhie, kintu zramaNa ke lie aisA niyama nahIM hai / tIna varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlA upAdhyAya aura 5 varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlA prAcArya bana sakatA hai| varSAvAsa ke lie aisA sthAna zreSTha batAyA hai, jahA~ para adhika kIcar3a na ho, dvIndriyAdi jIvoM kI bahulatA na ho, prAsuka bhUmi ho, rahane yogya do tIna bastiyAM hoM, gorasa kI pracuratA ho, bahuta koI vaidya ho, auSadhiyAM saralatA se prApta hotI hoM, dhAnya kI pracuratA ho, rAjA samyak prakAra se prajA kA pAlana karatA ho, pAkhaNDI sAdhu kama rahate hoM, bhikSA sugama ho aura svAdhyAya meM kisI bhI prakAra kA vighna na ho| jahA~ para kutte adhika hoM vahA~ para zramaNa ko vihAra nahIM karanA caahie| bhASya meM dIkSA grahaNa karane vAle ke guNa-doSa para cintana karate hue likhA hai ki kucha vyakti apane dezasvabhAva se hI doSayukta hote haiN| AMdhra meM utpanna vyakti krUra hotA hai| mahArASTra meM utpanna huA vyakti vAcAla hotA hai aura kozala meM utpanna hayA vyakti svabhAva se hI duSTa hotA hai| isa prakAra kA na honA bahata hI kama vyaktiyoM meM sambhava hai|
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________________ Age bhASya meM zayanAdi ke nimitta sAmagrI ekatrita karane aura punaH lauTAne kI vidhi batalAI hai| AhAra kI maryAdA para prakAza DAlate hue kahA hai--ATha kaura khAne vAlA zramaNa alpAhArI, bAraha, solaha, caubIsa, ikatIsa aura battIsa grAsa grahaNa karane vAlA zramaNa kramaza: apArdhAhArI, ardhAhArI, prAptAvamaudarya aura pramANAhArI hai / navama uddezaka meM zayyAtara ke jJAtika, svajana, mitra prabhati pAgantuka vyaktiyoM se sambandhita AhAra ko lene aura na lene ke sambandha meM vicAra kara zramaNoM kI vividha pratimAnoM para prakAza DAlA hai| - dazama uddezaka meM yavamadhyapratimA aura vanamadhyapratimA para vizeSa rUpa se cintana kiyA hai| sAtha hI pAMca prakAra ke vyavahAra, bAladIkSA kI vidhi, dasa prakAra kI vaiyAvRtya Adi viSayoM kI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| prAyaM rakSita, Arya kAlaka, rAjA sAtavAhana, pradyota, muruNDa, cANakya, cilAtaputra, avanti, sukumAla, rohiNeya, prArya samudra, Arya maMgu Adi kI kathAeM AI haiN| prastuta bhASya aneka dRSTiyoM se mahattvapUrNa hai| vyavahAra para eka cUNi bhI likhI gaI thii| cUNi ke pazcAt vyavahAra para prAcArya malayagiri ne vRtti likhii| vatti meM AcArya malayagiri kA gambhIra pANDitya spaSTa rUpa se jhalakatA hai| viSaya kI gahanatA, bhASA kI prAMjalatA, zailI kA lAlitya aura vizleSaNa kI spaSTatA prekSaNIya hai| grantha ke prArambha meM prAkkathana ke rUpa meM pIThikA hai| jisameM kalpa; vyavahAra, doSa, prAyazcitta prabhRti viSayoM para cintana kiyA hai| vRttikAra ne prArambha meM arhat ariSTanemi ko, apane sadguruvarya tathA vyavahArasUtra ke caNikAra Adi ko bhaktibhAvanA se vibhora hokara namana kiyA hai| vRttikAra ne bRhatkalpa aura vyavahAra ina donoM prAgamoM ke antara ko spaSTa karate hue likhA ki kalpAdhyayana meM prAyazcitta kA nirUpaNa hai kintu usameM prAyazcitta dene kI vidhi nahIM hai, jabaki vyavahAra meM prAyazcitta dene kI aura pAlocanA karane kI ye donoM prakAra kI vidhiyAM haiN| yaha bahatkalpa se vyavahAra kI vizeSatA hai| vyavahAra, vyavahArI aura vyavahartavya tInoM kA vizleSaNa karate hue likhA hai-vyavahArI kartArUpa hai, vyavahAra kAraNarUpa hai aura vyavahartavya kAryarUpa hai| kAraNarUpI vyavahAra prAgama, zruta, AjJA, dhAraNA aura jIta rUpa se pAMca prakAra kA hai / cUrNikAra ne pAMcoM prakAra ke vyavahAra ko karaNa kahA hai| bhASyakAra ne sUtra, artha, jItakalpa, mArga, nyAya, epsitavya, prAcarita aura vyavahAra inako ekArthaka mAnA hai| jo svayaM vyavahAra ke marma ko jAnatA ho, anya vyaktiyoM ko vyavahAra ke svarUpa ko samajhAne kI kSamatA rakhatA ho vaha gItArtha hai| jo gItArtha hai usake lie vyavahAra kA upayoga hai / prAyazcitta pradAtA aura prAyazcitta saMgrahaNa karane vAlA donoM gItArtha hone caahie| prAyazcitta ke pratisevanA, maMyojanA, grAropaNA aura parikUcanA, ye cAra artha haiN| pratisevanA rUpa prAyazcitta ke dasa bheda haiN| (1) AlocanA, (2) pratikramaNA, (3) tadubhaya, (4) viveka (5) utsarga, (6) tapa, (7) cheda, (8) mUla, (9) anavasthApya aura (10) pArAMcika / ina dasoM prAyazcittoM ke sambandha meM vizeSa rUpa se vivecana kiyA gayA hai| yadi hama ina prAyazcitta ke prakAroM kI tulanA vinayapiTaka' meM AyI huI prAyazcittavidhi ke sAtha kareM to Azcaryajanaka samAnatA milegii| prAyazcitta pradAna karane vAlA adhikArI yA prAcArya bahuzruta ba gambhIra ho, yaha Avazyaka hai| pratyeka ke sAmane 1. vinayapiTaka nidAna [ 70 ]
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________________ pAlocanA kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| pAlocanA aura prAyazcita donoM hI yogya vyakti ke samakSa hone cAhie, jisase ki vaha gopanIya raha sake / bauddhaparamparA meM sAdhusamudAya ke sAmane prAyazcitta grahaNa kA vidhAna hai| vinayapiTaka meM likhA haipratyeka mahIne kI kRSNa caturdazI aura pUrNamAsI ko sabhI bhikSu uposathAgAra meM ekatrita ho tathAgata buddha ne apanA uttarAdhikArI saMgha ko batAyA hai| ata: kisI prAjJa bhikSu ko sabhA ke pramukha pada para niyukta kara pAtimokkha kA vAcana kiyA jAtA hai aura pratyeka prakaraNa ke upasaMhAra meM yaha jijJAsA vyakta kI jAtI hai ki upasthita sabhI bhikSu ukta bAtoM meM zuddha haiM ? yadi koI bhikSu tatsambandhI apane doSa kI mAlocanA karanA cAhatA hai to saMgha usa para cintana karatA hai aura usakI zuddhi karavatA hai| dvitIya aura tRtIya bAra bhI usI prazna ko duharAyA jAtA hai| sabhI kI svIkRti hone para eka-eka prakaraNa Age par3he jAte haiN| isI taraha bhikSuNiyAM bhikkhunI pAtimokkha kA vAcana karatI haiN| yaha satya hai ki donoM hI paramparAnoM kI prAyazcitta vidhiyAM pRthak-pRthak haiN| para donoM meM manovaijJAnikatA hai| donoM hI paramparAoM meM prAyazcitta karane vAle sAdhaka ke hRdaya kI pavitratA, vicAroM kI saralatA apekSita mAnI hai| prathama uddezaka meM pratisevanA ke mUlapratisevanA aura uttarapratisevanA ye do prakAra batAye haiM / mUlaguNaaticArapratisevanA prANAtipAta, mRSAvAda, adattAdAna, maithuna, parigraha rUpa pAMca prakAra kI hai| uttaraguNAticAra pratisevanA dasa prakAra kI hai| uttaragUNa anAgata, atikrAnta, koTisahita, niyantritaH sAkAra, anAkAra, parimANakRta, niravazeSa, sAMketika aura adrA pratyAkhyAna ke rUpa meM hai| Upara zabdoM meM uttaraguNoM ke piNDavizuddhi, pAMca samiti, bAhya tapa, pAbhyAntara tapa, bhikSapratimA aura abhigraha isa taraha dasa prakAra haiN| mUlaguNAticArapratisevanA aura uttaraguNAticArapratisevanA inake bhI darya aura kalpya ye do prakAra haiN| binA kAraNa pratisevanA dapikA hai aura kAraNa yukta pratisevanA kalpikA hai| vRttikAra ne viSaya ko spaSTa karane ke lie sthAna-sthAna para vivecana prastuta kiyA hai / prastuta vRtti kA granthamAna 34625 zloka pramANa hai| vRtti ke pazcAt janabhASA meM sarala aura subodha zailI meM prAgamoM ke zabdArtha karane vAlI saMkSipta TIkAeM likhI gaI haiM, jinakI bhASA prAcIna gujarAtI-rAjasthAnI mizrita hai| yaha bAlAvabodha va TabbA ke nAma se vizrata haiM / sthAnakavAsI paramparA ke dharmasiMha muni ne vyavahArasUtra para bhI TabbA likhA hai, para abhI taka vaha aprakAzita hI hai| prAcArya amolakaRSijI mahArAja dvArA kRta hindI anuvAda sAhita vyavahArasUtra prakAzita huA hai| jIvarAja ghelAbhAI dozI ne gujarAtI meM anuvAda bhI prakAzita kiyA hai| zubiMga lipajiga ne jarmana TippaNI ke sAtha san 1918 meM likhA / jisako jaina sAhitya samiti pUnA se 1923 meM prakAzita kiyA hai| pUjya ghAsIlAlajI ma. ne chedasUtroM kA prakAzana kevala saMskRta TIkA ke sAtha karavAyA hai| Agama anuyoga prakAzana sANDerAva se san 1980 meM vyavahArasUtra prakAzita haa| jisakA sampAdana AgamamarmajJa muni zrI kanhaiyAlAlajI ma. "kamala" ne kiyaa| prastuta sampAdana-muni zrI kanhaiyAlAlajI ma. "kamala" ne pahale prAyAra-dasA, kappasuttaM aura bahArasuttaM ina tInoM vedasUtroM kA sampAdana aura prakAzana kiyA thaa| usI para aura adhika vistAra se prastuta tIna AgamoM kA sampAdana kara prakAzana ho rahA hai| isake pUrva nizItha kA prakAzana ho cukA hai| cAroM chedasUtroM para mUla, artha aura vivecana yukta yaha prakAzana apane Apa meM gauravapUrNa hai| ina tIna prAgamoM ke prakAzana ke sAtha hI [71]
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________________ prastuta AgamamAlA se sthAnakavAsI paramparA mAnya battIsa pAgamoM kA prakAzana kArya bhI sampanna ho rahA hai| svargIya zraddheya yuvAcArya zrI madhukara munijI ma. kI kamanIya kalpanA ko aneka sampAdaka muniyoM, mahAsatiyoM aura vidvAnoM ke kAraNa mUrta rUpa mila gayA hai| yaha parama pAhlAda kA viSaya hai| chedasUtroM meM zramaNoM kI prAcArasaMhitA kA vistAra se nirUpaNa hA hai| chedasUtroM meM utsarga aura apavAda mArga kA nirUpaNa hai| maiM bahuta hI vistAra se ina para likhane kA soca rahA thA, para zramaNasaMghIya vyavasthA kA dAyitva A jAne se usa kArya meM atyadhika vyasta rahane ke kAraNa aura atyadhika bhIr3a bharA vAtAbaraNa hone ke kAraNa nahIM likha sakA / isakA mujhe svayaM ko vicAra hai| bahata hI saMkSipta meM paricayAtmaka prastAvanA likhI hai| AzA hai, sujJa pAThaka Agama meM rahe hue marma ko smjheNge| mahAmahita rASTrasanta AcAryasamrATa zrI AnandaRSijI ma. aura paramazraddheya pUjya gurudeva upAdhyAya zrI puSkaramunijI ma. kI asIma kRpA ke phalasvarUpa hI maiM sAhitya ke kSetra meM kucha kArya kara sakA hU~ aura svargIya yuvAcArya zrI madhukara munijI ma. kI preraNA se Agama sAhitya para prastAvanAeM likhakara unakI preraNA ko mUrtarUpa de sakA hai, isakA mana meM santoSa hai| AzA hI nahIM apitu pUrNa vizvAsa hai ki sujJa pAThakagaNa AgamoM kI svAdhyAya kara apane jIvana ko dhanya bnaayeNge| upAcArya devendramuni koTa, pIpAr3asiTI dinAMka 22-10-91 [72 ]
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________________ 261 269 272 276 280 vyavahArasUtra [256-458] prathama uddezaka kapaTasahita tathA kapaTarahita aAlocaka ko prAyazcitta dene kI vidhi parihArakalpasthita bhikSu kA vaiyAvRtya ke lie vihAra akele vicarane vAle kA gaNa meM punarAgamana pArzvastha-vihArI Adi kA gaNa meM punarAgamana saMyama chor3akara jAne vAle kA gaNa meM punarAgamana pAlocanA karane kA krama prathama uddezaka kA sArAMza dUsarA uddezaka vicarane vAle sArmika ke parihAratapa kA vidhAna rugNa bhikSuoM ko gaNa se nikAlane kA niSedha anavasthApya aura pArAMcika bhikSu kI upasthApanA akRtyasevana kA AkSepa aura usake nirNaya kI vidhi saMyama tyAgane kA saMkalpa evaM punarAgamana ekapakSIya bhikSu ko pada dene kA vidhAna pArihArika aura apArihArikoM ke paraspara AhAra-sambandhI vyavahAra dUsare uddezaka kA sArAMza 286 288 290 294 295 297 299 303 307 [78]
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________________ r m mmmm 311 321 324 333 335 338 345 346 348 MY tIsarA uddezaka gaNa dhAraNa karane kA vidhi-niSedha upAdhyAya prAdi pada dene ke vidhi-niSedha alpadIkSAparyAya vAle ko pada dene kA vidhAna nirgrantha-nirgranthI ko AcArya ke netRtva binA rahane kA niSedha abrahmasevI ko pada dene ke vidhi-niSedha saMyama tyAgakara jAne vAle ko pada dene ke vidhi-niSedha pApajIvI bahuzrutoM ko pada dene kA niSedha tIsare uddezaka kA sArAMza cauthA uddezaka AcAryAdi ke sAtha rahane vAle nirgranthoM kI saMkhyA agraNI sAdhu ke kAla karane para zeSa sAdhuoM kA kartavya glAna AcAryAdi ke dvArA pada dene kA nirdeza saMyama tyAga kara jAne vAle AcAryAdi ke dvArA pada dene kA nirdeza upasthApana ke vidhAna anya gaNa meM gaye bhikSu kA viveka abhinicArikA meM jAne ke vidhi-niSedha cA~praviSTa evaM caryAnivRtta bhikSu ke kartavya zaikSa aura ratnAdhika kA vyavahAra ratnAdhika ko agraNI mAnakara vicarane kA vidhAna cauthe uddezaka kA sArAMza pAMcavAM uddezaka pravatinI Adi ke sAtha vicarane vAlI nirgranthiyoM kI saMkhyA agraNI sAdhvI ke kAla karane para sAdhvI kA kartavya pravartinI ke dvArA pada dene kA nirdeza AcAra-prakalpa-vismRla ko pada dene kA vidhi-niSedha sthavira ke lie prAcAra-prakalpa ke pUnarAvartana karane kA vidhAna paraspara AlocanA karane ke vidhi-niSedha paraspara sevA karane kA vidhi-niSedha sarpadaMzacikitsA ke vidhi-niSedha pAMcaveM uddezaka kA sArAMza chaTThA uddezaka svajana-parajana-gaha meM gocarI jAne kA vidhi-niSedha AcArya prAdi ke atizaya M M MY 355 358 359 kAnidaza 363 368 372 374 376 [ 79]
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________________ 379 380 -382 386 387 388 390 391 392 395 agItArthoM ke rahane kA vidhi-niSedha aura prAyazcitta akele bhikSu ke rahane kA vidhi-niSedha zukrapudgala nikAlane kA prAyazcitta sUtra anya gaNa se Aye hae ko gaNa meM sammilita karane kA niSedha chaThe uddezaka kA sArAMza sAtavAM uddezaka anya gaNa se AI sAdhvI ke rakhane meM paraspara pRcchA sambandhaviccheda karane sambandhI vidhi-niSedha pravrajita karane Adi ke vidhi-niSedha dUrastha kSetra meM rahe hae guru Adi ke nirdeza kA vidhi-niSedha kalaha upazamana ke vidhi-niSedha vyatikRSTa kAla meM nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ke liye svAdhyAya kA vidhi-niSedha nirgrantha-nirgranthI ko svAdhyAya karane kA vidhi-niSedha zArIrika asvAdhyAya hone para svAdhyAya kA vidhi-niSedha nirganthI ke liye prAcArya-upAdhyAya kI niyukti kI AvazyakatA zramaNa ke mRta zarIra ko paraThane kI aura upakaraNoM ko grahaNa karane kI vidhi pariharaNIya zayyAtara kA nirNaya prAjJA grahaNa karane kI vidhi rAjya-parivartana meM AjJA grahaNa karane kA vidhAna sAtaveM uddezaka kA sArAMza pAThavAM uddezaka zayanasthAna ke grahaNa kI vidhi zayyA-saMstAraka ke lAne kI vidhi ekAkI sthavira ke bhaNDopakaraNa aura gocarI jAne kI vidhi zayyA-saMstAraka ke liye punaH AjJA lene kA vidhAna zayyA-saMstAraka grahaNa karane kI vidhi patita yA vismRta upakaraNa kI eSaNA atirikta pAtra lAne kA vidhAna AhAra kI unodarI kA parimANa AThaveM uddezaka kA sArAMza 397 398 399 400 401 402 404 405 406 407 408 409 411 navama uddezaka zayyAtara ke pAhaNe naukara evaM jJAtijana ke nimitta se bane AhAra ke lene kA vidhi-niSedha 417 zayyAtara ke bhAgIdArI vAlI vikrayazAlAoM se prAhAra lAne kA vidhi-niSedha 420 saptasaptatikA Adi bhikSa-pratimAeM 424 [80 ]
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________________ moka-pratimA-vidhAna datti-pramANa nirUpaNa tIna prakAra kA AhAra avagRhIta AhAra ke prakAra navama uddezaka kA sArAMza 425 427 429 429 440 443 445 446 dasavAM uddezaka do prakAra kI candrapratimAeM pAMca prakAra ke vyavahAra vividha prakAra se gaNa kI vaiyAvatya karane vAle dharmadRDhatA kI caubhaMgiyAM AcArya evaM ziSyoM ke prakAra sthavira ke prakAra bar3I dIkSA dene kA kAlapramANa bAlaka bAlikA ko bar3I dIkSA dene kA vidhi-niSedha bAlaka ko AcAraprakalpa ke adhyayana karAne kA niSedha dIkSA paryAya ke sAtha AgamoM kA adhyayanakrama baiyAbRtya ke prakAra evaM mahA nirjarA dasaveM uddezaka kA sArAMza upasaMhAra 448 449 450 450 451 455 457 [81]
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________________ zrI Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara (kAryakAriNI samiti) adhyakSa kAryavAhaka adhyakSa upAdhyakSa indaura byAvara byAvara madrAsa jodhapura madrAsa duga mahAmaMtrI maMtrI zrI sAgaramalajI betAlA zrI ratanacandajI modI zrI dhanarAjajI vinAyakiyA zrI pArasamalajI coraDiyA zrI hukmIcandajI pArakha zrI dulIcandajI corar3iyA zrI jasarAjajI sA. pArakha zrI jI. sAyaramalajI coraDiyA zrI amaracandajI modI zrI jJAnarAjajI mUthA zrI jJAnacandajI vinAyakiyA zrI javarIlAlajI zizodiyA zrI Ara. prasannacandrajI coraDiyA zrI mANakacandajI saMcetI zrI esa. sAyaramalajI coraDiyA zrI motIcandajI coraDiyA zrI mUlacandajI surANA zrI tejarAjajI bhaNDArI zrI bhaMvaralAlajI goThI zrI prakAzacandajI copar3A zrI jatanarAjajI mehatA zrI bhaMvaralAlajI zrIzrImAla zrI candanamalajI coraDiyA zrI sumeramalajI mer3atiyA zrI pAsUlAlajI boharA madrAsa byAvara pAlI byAvara byAvara madrAsa sahamaMtrI koSAdhyakSa jodhapura parAmarzadAtA kAryakAriNI sadasya madrAsa madrAsa nAgaura jodhapura madrAsa byAvara mer3atAsiTI durga madrAsa jodhapura jodhapura
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________________ vyavahArasUtra
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________________
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________________ vyavahArasUna prazama uddezaka kapaTa-sahita tathA kapaTa-rahita Alocaka ko prAyazcitta dene kI vidhi 1. je bhikkhU mAsiyaM parihArahANaM paDisevittA AloejjA, apaliuMciyaM pAloemANassa mAsiyaM, paliuMciyaM AloemANassa domAsiyaM / 2. je bhikkhU vomAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM paDisevittA pAloejjA, apaliuMciyaM AloemANassa domAsiyaM, paliuMciyaM pAloemANassa temAsiyaM / 3. je bhikkhU temAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM paDisevittA pAloejjA, apaliuMciyaM pAloemANassa temAsiyaM, paliuMciyaM AloemANassa cAummAsiyaM / 4. je bhikkhU cAummAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM paDisevittA pAloejjA, apaliuMciyaM AloemANassa cAummAsiyaM paliuMciyaM, AloemANassa paMcamAsiyaM / 5. je bhikkhU paMcamAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM paDisevittA AloejjA, apaliuMciyaM AloemANassa paMcamAsiyaM, paliuMciyaM AloemANassa chammAsiyaM / teNa paraM paliuMcie vA, apaliuMcie vA te ceva chammAsA / 6. je bhikkhU bahuso vimAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM paDisevittA pAloejjA, apaliuMciyaM AloemANassa mAsiyaM, paliuMciyaM AloemANassa dobhAsiyaM / 7. je bhikkhU bahuso vidomAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM paDisevittA AloejjA, apaliuMcie pAloemANassa domAsiyaM, paliuMciyaM AloemANassa temAsiyaM / 8. je bhikkhU bahuso vi temAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM paDisevittA AloejjA, apaliuMciyaM AloemANasa temAsiyaM, paliuMciyaM pAloemANassa cAummAsiyaM / 9. je bhikkhU bahuso vi cAummAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM paDisevittA pAloejjA, apaliuMciyaM pAloemANassa cAummAsiyaM, paliMuMciyaM AloemANassa paMcamAsiyaM / 10. je bhikkhU bahuso vi paMcamAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM paDisevittA AloebjA, apaliuMciyaM pAloemANassa paMcamAsiyaM, paliuMciyaM pAloemANassa chammAsiyaM / teNa paraM paliuMcie vA apaliuMcie vA te ceva chammAsA /
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________________ 262] ghiaass 11. je bhikkhU mAsiyaM vA jAva paMcamAsiyaM vA eesiM parihAraTThANANaM aNNayaraM parihAraTThANaM paDisevittA AloejjA, apaliuMciyaM AloemANassa mAsiyaM vA jAva paMcamAsiyaM vA, paliuMciyaM AloemANassa do mAsiyaM vA jAva chammAsiyaM vaa| teNa paraM paliuMcie vA apaliuMcie vA te ceva chammAsA / 12. je bhikkhU bahuso vi mAsiyaM vA jAva bahuso vi paMcamAsiyaM vA eesiM parihAraTThANANaM aNNayaraM parihAraTThANaM paDisevittA AloejjA, apaliuMciyaM AloemANassa mAsiyaM vA jAva paMcamAsiyaM vA, paliuMciyaM AloemANassa do mAsiyaM vA jAba chammAsiyaM vaa| teNa paraM paliuMcie vA apaliuMcie vA te ceva chmmaasaa| 13. je bhikkhU cAummAsiyaM vA, sAirega-cAummAsiyaM vA, paMcamAsiyaM vA, sAirega-paMcamAsiyaM vA, eesiM parihAraTThANANaM aNNayaraM parihAraTThANaM paDisevittA AloejjA, apaliuMciyaM AloemANassa cAummAsiyaM vA sAirega-cAummAsiyaM vA, paMcamAsiyaM vA sAirega-paMcamAsiyaM vA, paliuMciyaM pAloemANassa paMcamAsiyaM vA sAirega paMcamAsiyaM vA chammAsiyaM vaa| / teNa paraM paliuMcie vA apaliuMcie vA te ceva chmmaasaa| 14. je bhikkhU bahuso vi cAummAsiyaM vA, bahuso vi sAirega-cAummAsiyaM vA bahuso vi paMcamAsiyaM vA bahuso vi sAirega-paMcamAsiyaM vA eesiM parihAraTThANANaM aNNayaraM parihAraTThANaM paDisevittA AloejjA, apaliuMciyaM AloemANassa cAummAsiyaM bA, sAirega-cAummAsiyaM vA, paMcamAsiyaM vA, sAirega-paMcamAsiyaM vA, paliuMciyaM AloemANassa paMcamAsiyaM vA, sAirega-paMcamAsiyaM mA chammAsiyaM vaa| teNa paraM paliuMcie vA apaliUMcie vA te ceva chmmaasaa|| 15. je bhikkhU cAummAsiyaM vA, sAirega-cAummAsiyaM vA, paMcamAsiyaM vA, sAirega-paMcamAsiyaM vA, eesiM parihAraTThANANaM aNNayaraM parihArahANaM paDisevittA AloejjA-- ..... .. apaliuMciyaM AloemANe ThavaNijjaM ThavaittA karaNijjaM beyAvaDiyaM / Thavie vi paDisevittA, se vi kasiNe tattheva Araheyave siyaa|| 1. puTviM paDiseviyaM pubdhi pAloiyaM, 2. puTviM paDiseviyaM pacchA pAloiyaM, 3. pacchA paMDiseviyaM puTivaM AloiyaM, 4. pacchA paDiseviyaM pacchA AloiyaM / 1. apaliuMcie apaliuMciyaM, 2. apaliuMcie paliuMciyaM, 3. paliuMcie apaliuMciyaM, 4. paliuMcie paliuMciyaM / AloemANassa savvamemaM sakayaM sAhaNiya (Aruheyavve siyaa)| je eyAe paThThavaNAe pavie nivyisamANe paDisevei, se vikasiNe tattheva Alheyavye siyaa|
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________________ [263 prathama uddezaka] 16. je bhikkhU cAummAsiyaM vA, sAirega-cAummAsiyaM vA, paMcamAsiyaM vA, sAiregapaMcamAsiyaM vA, eesiM parihAraTThANANaM aNNayaraM parihAraTThANaM paDisevittA pAloejjA, paliuMciyaM AloemANe ThavaNijja ThavaittA karaNijja vyAvaDiyaM / Thavie vi paDisevittA, se vikasiNe tattheva Araheyamve siyaa| 1. pugviM paDiseviyaM puvviM pAloiyaM, 2. pubdhi paDiseviyaM pacchA pAloiyaM, 3. pacchA paDiseviyaM pusviM AloiyaM, 4. pacchA paDiseviyaM pacchA AloiyaM / 1. apaliuMcie apaliciyaM, 2. apaliuMcie paliuMciyaM, 3. paliuMcie apaliuMciyaM, 4. paliuMcie paliuMciyaM / pAloemANassa samvameyaM sakayaM sAhaNiya (Aruheyabve siyA) je eyAe paTThavaNAe pavie nivvisamANe paDisevei, se vikasiNe tattheva Araheyadhve siyaa| 17. je bhikkhU bahuso vi cAummAsiyaM vA, bahuso vi sAirega-cAumbhAsiyaM vA, bahuso vi paMcamAsiyaM vA, bahuso vi sAirega-paMcamAsiyaM vA, eesiM parihAraTThANANaM aNNayaraM parihArahANaM paDisevittA AloejjA, apaliuMciya pAloemANe ThavaNijja ThavaittA karaNi veyAvaDiyaM / Thavie vi paDisevittA se vi kasiNe tattheva AraheyaTave siyaa| 1. puTviM paDiseviyaM pubbiM AloiyaM, 2. punviM paDiseviyaM pacchA AloiyaM, 3. pacchA paDiseviyaM punviM AloiyaM, 4, pacchA paDiseviyaM pacchA pAloiyaM / 1. apaliuMcie apaliuMciyaM, 2. apaliuMcie paliuMciyaM, 3. paliuMcie apaliuMciyaM, 4. paliuMcie paliuMciyaM / bhAloemANassa samvameyaM sakayaM sAhaNiya (prAruheyabve siyA) je eyAe paThThavaNAe pavie nivvasamANe paDisevei, se vikasiNe tattheva pAruheyamve siyaa| 18. je bhikkhU bahuso vi cAummAsiyaM vA, bahuso vi sAirega-cAummAsiyaM vA, bahuso vi paMcamAsiyaM vA, bahuso vi sAirega paMcamAsiyaM vA, eesi parihAraTThANANaM aNNayaraM parihAraTThANaM paDisevittA AloejjA, paliuMciyaM AloemANe ThavaNijja ThavaittA karaNijjaM veyAvaDiyaM / Thavie vi paDisebittA se vi kasiNe tattheva prAruheyanve siyaa| 1. pugviM paDiseviyaM puzviM AloiyaM, 2. pugviM paDiseviyaM pacchA pAsoiyaM, 3. pacchA paDiseviyaM pugviM AloiyaM, 4. pacchA paDiseviyaM pacchA pAloiyaM /
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________________ 264] [vyavahArasUtra 1. apaliuMcie apaliuMciyaM, 2. apaliuMcie paliuMciyaM, 3. paliuMcie apaliuMcigaM, 4. paliuMcie paliuMciyaM / AloemANassa savvameyaM sakayaM sAhaNiya (Aruheyamve siyA) je eyAe paTThavaNAe pavie nivisamANe paDisevei, se vikasiNe tattheva Araheyamve siyaa| 1. jo bhikSu eka bAra mAsika parihArasthAna kI pratisevanA karake AlocanA kare to use mAyArahita AlocanA karane para eka mAsa kA prAyazcitta AtA hai aura mAyAsahita AlocanA karane para do mAsa kA prAyazcitta AtA hai / 2. jo bhikSu eka bAra dvimAsika parihArasthAna kI pratisevanA karake AlocanA kare to use mAyArahita AlocanA karane para dvimAsika prAyazcitta pAtA hai aura mAyA-sahita pAlocanA karane para traimAsika prAyazcitta prAtA hai| 3. jo bhikSu eka bAra traimAsika parihArasthAna kI pratisevanA karake AlocanA kare to use mAyArahita AlocanA karane para traimAsika prAyazcitta pAtA hai aura mAyAsahita AlocanA karane para cAturmAsika prAyazcitta pAtA hai| 4. jo bhikSu eka bAra cAturmAsika parihArasthAna kI pratisevanA karake AlocanA kare to use mAyArahita AlocanA karane para cAturmAsika prAyazcitta pAtA hai aura mAyAsahita AlocanA karane para paMcamAsika prAyazcitta AtA hai / 5. jo bhikSu eka bAra paMcamAsika parihArasthAna kI pratisevanA karake AlocanA kare to use mAyArahita AlocanA karane para paMcamAsika prAyazcitta AtA hai aura mAyAsahita AlocanA karane para chamAsI prAyazcitta pAtA hai| isake uparAnta mAyAsahita yA mAyArahita AlocanA karane para bhI vahI chamAsI prAyazcitta pAtA hai| 6. jo bhikSu aneka bAra mAsika parihArasthAna kI pratisevanA karake AlocanA kare to use mAyArahita AlocanA karane para eka mAsa kA prAyazcitta pAtA hai aura mAyAsahita AlocanA karane para dvaimAsika prAyazcitta AtA hai| 7. jo bhikSu aneka bAra dvimAsika parihArasthAna kI pratisevanA karake AlocanA kare to use mAyArahita AlocanA karane para dvimAsika prAyazcitta AtA hai aura mAyAsahita AlocanA karane para traimAsika prAyazcitta pAtA hai| 8. jo bhikSu aneka bAra traimAsika parihArasthAna kI pratisevanA karake AlocanA kare to use mAyArahita AlocanA karane para traimAsika prAyazcitta AtA hai aura mAyAsahita AlocanA karane para cAturmAsika prAyazcitta AtA hai /
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________________ prayama uddezaka] [265 9. jo bhikSu aneka bAra cAturmAsika parihArasthAna kI pratisevanA karake AlocanA kare to use mAyArahita pAlocanA karane para cAturmAsika prAyazcitta pAtA hai aura mAyAsahita pAlocanA karane para paMcamAsika prAyazcitta prAtA hai / 10. jo bhikSu aneka bAra paMcamAsika parihArasthAna kI pratisevanA karake AlocanA kare to use mAyArahita AlocanA karane para paMcamAsika prAyazcitta AtA hai aura mAyAsahita pAlocanA karane para pANmAsika prAyazcitta AtA hai| isake uparAnta mAyAsahita yA mAyArahita AlocanA karane para bhI vahI pANmAsika prAyazcitta AtA hai| 11. jo bhikSu mAsika yAvat paMcamAsika parihArasthAnoM meM se kisI parihArasthAna kI eka bAra pratisevanA karake AlocanA kare to use mAyArahita AlocanA karane para prAsevita parihArasthAna ke anusAra mAsika yAvat paMcamAsika prAyazcitta AtA hai aura mAyAsahita AlocanA karane para Asevita parihArasthAna ke anusAra dvimAsika yAvat pANmAsika prAyazcitta AtA hai / isake uparAnta mAyAsahita yA mAyArahita AlocanA karane para vahI pANmAsika prAyazcitta prAtA hai| 12. jo bhikSu mAsika yAvat paMcamAsika ina parihArasthAnoM meM se kisI eka parihArasthAna kI aneka bAra pratisevanA karake AlocanA kare to use mAyArahita aAlocanA karane para prAsevita parihArasthAna ke anusAra mAsika yAvat paMcamAsika prAyazcitta pAtA hai aura mAyAsahita AlocanA karane para prAsevita parihArasthAna ke anusAra dvimAsika yAvat pANmAsika prAyazcitta pAtA hai / isake uparAnta mAyAsahita yA mAyArahita AlocanA karane para vahI pANmAsika prAyazcitta AtA hai| 13. jo bhikSu cAturmAsika yA kucha adhika cAturmAsika, paMcamAsika yA kucha adhika paMcamAsika ina parihArasthAnoM meM se kisI eka parihArasthAna kI eka bAra pratisevanA karake AlocanA kare to use mAyArahita AlocanA karane para Asevita parihArasthAna ke anusAra cAturmAsika yA kucha adhika cAturmAsika, paMcamAsika yA kucha adhika paMcamAsika prAyazcitta pAtA hai aura mAyAsahita AlocanA karane para Asevita parihArasthAna ke anusAra paMcamAsika yA kucha adhika paMcamAsika yA pANmAsika prAyazcitta AtA hai| isake uparAnta mAyarasahita yA mAyArahita mAlocanA karane para bhI vahI pANmAsika prAyazcitta AtA hai| 14. jo bhikSu aneka bAra cAturmAsika yA aneka bAra kucha adhika cAturmAsika, aneka bAra paMcamAsika yA aneka bAra kucha adhika paMcamAsika ina parihArasthAnoM se se kisI eka parihArasthAna kI pratisevanA karake pAlocanA kare to use mAyArahita AlocanA karane para Asevita parihArasthAna ke anusAra cAturmAsika yA kucha adhika cAturmAsika, paMcamAsika yA kucha adhika paMcamAsika
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________________ 266] [vyavahArasUtra prAyazcitta AtA hai aura mAyAsahita aAlocanA karane para prAsevita parihArasthAna ke anusAra paMcamAsika yA kucha adhika paMcamAsika yA chahamAsika prAyazcitta pAtA hai / isake uparAnta mAyAsahita yA mAyArahita pAlocanA karane para vahI pANmAsika prAyazcitta prAtA hai| 15. jo bhikSu cAturmAsika yA kucha adhika cAturmAsika, paMcamAsika yA kucha adhika paMcamAsika ina parihArasthAnoM meM se kisI eka parihArasthAna kI eka bAra pratisevanA karake AlocanA kare to use mAyArahita AlocanA karane para Asevita pratisevanA ke anusAra prAyazcitta rUpa parihAratapa meM sthApita karake usakI yogya vaiyAvRtya karanI caahie| yadi vaha parihAratapa meM sthApita hone para bhI kisI prakAra kI pratisevanA kare to usakA sampUrNa prAyazcitta bhI pUrvapradatta prAyazcitta meM sammilita kara denA caahie| 1. pUrva meM pratisevitadoSa kI pahale AlocanA kI ho, 2. pUrva meM pratisevitadoSa kI pIche AlocanA kI ho, 3. pIche se pratisevitadoSa kI pahale AlocanA kI ho, 4. pIche se pratisevittadoSa kI pIche se AlocanA kI ho| 1. mAyArahita AlocanA karane kA saMkalpa karake mAyArahita AlocanA kI ho, 2. mAyArahita AlocanA karane kA saMkalpa karake mAyAsahita AlocanA kI ho, 3. mAyAsahita AlocanA karane kA saMkalpa karake mAyArahita AlocanA kI ho, 4. mAyAsahita AlocanA karane kA saMkalpa karake mAyAsahita AlocanA kI ho| inameM se kisI bhI prakAra ke bhaMga se AlocanA karane para usake sarva svakRta aparAdha ke prAyazcitta ko saMyukta karake pUrvapradatta prAyazcitta meM sammilita kara denA caahie| ___ jo isa prAyazcitta rUpa parihAratapa meM sthApita hokara vahana karate hue bhI puna: kisI prakAra kI pratisevanA kare to usakA sampUrNa prAyazcitta bhI pUrvapradatta prAyazcitta meM Aropita kara denA caahie| 16. jo bhikSu cAturmAsika yA kucha adhika cAturmAsika, paMcamAsika yA kucha adhika paMcamAsika ina parihArasthAnoM meM se kisI eka parihArasthAna kI pratisevanA karake AlocanA kare to use-- __ mAyAsahita AlocanA karane para prAsevita pratisevanA ke anusAra prAyazcitta rUpa parihAratapa meM sthApita karake usakI yogya vaiyAvRtya karanI caahie| yadi vaha parihAratapa meM sthApita hone para bhI kisI prakAra kI pratisevanA kare to usakA sampUrNa prAyazcitta bhI pUrvapradatta prAyazcitta meM sammilita kara denA caahie| 1. pUrva meM pratisevita doSa kI pahale AlocanA kI ho, 2. pUrva meM pratisevita doSa kI pIche AlocanA kI ho,
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________________ prathama uddezaka [267 3. pIche se pratisevita doSa kI pahale AlocanA kI ho, 4. pIche se pratisevita doSa ko pIche se AlocanA kI ho| 1. mAyArahita AlocanA karane kA saMkalpa karake mAyArahita AlocanA kI ho, 2. mAyArahita AlocanA karane kA saMkalpa karake mAyAsahita AlocanA kI ho. 3. mAyAsahita AlocanA karane kA saMkalpa karake mAyArahita aAlocanA kI ho, 4. mAyAsahita AlocanA karane kA saMkalpa karake mAyAsahita AlocanA kI ho / inameM se kisI prakAra ke bhaMga se grAlocanA karane para usake sarva svakRta aparAdha ke prAyazcitta ko saMyukta karake pUrvapradatta prAyazcitta meM sammilita kara denA caahie| jo isa prAyazcitta rUpa parihAratapa meM sthApita hokara vahana karate hue bhI punaH kisI prakAra ko pratisevanA kare to usakA sampUrNa prAyazcitta bhI pUrvapradatta prAyazcitta meM Aropita kara denA caahie| 17. jo bhikSu cAturmAsika yA kucha adhika cAturmAsika, paMcamAsika yA kucha adhika paMcamAsika ina parihArasthAnoM meM se kisI eka parihArasthAna kI aneka bAra pratisevanA karake AlocanA kare to use ___mAyArahita AlocanA karane para prAsevita pratisevanA ke anusAra prAyazcitta rUpa parihAratapa meM sthApita karake usakI yogya vaiyAvatya karanI caahie| yadi vaha parihAratapa meM sthApita hone para bhI kisI prakAra kI pratisevanA kare to usakA sampUrNa prAyazcitta bhI pUrvapradatta prAyazcitta meM sammilita kara denA cAhie / 1. pUrva meM pratisevitadoSa kI pahale AlocanA kI ho, 2. pUrva meM pratisevitadoSa kI poche AlocanA kI ho, 3. pIche se pratise vitadoSa kI pahale AlocanA kI ho, 4. pIche se pratisevitadoSa ko pIche AlocanA kI ho| 1. mAyArahita AlocanA karane kA saMkalpa karake mAyArahita AlocanA kI ho, 2. mAyArahita AlocanA karane kA saMkalpa karake mAyAsahita pAlocanA kI ho, 3. mAyAsahita AlocanA karane kA saMkalpa karake mAyArahita AlocanA kI ho, 4. mAyAsahita AlocanA karane kA saMkalpa karake mAyAsahita pAlocanA kI ho / inameM se kisI bhI prakAra ke bhaMga se AlocanA karane para usake sarva svakRta aparAdha ke prAyazcitta ko saMyukta karake pUrvapradatta prAyazcitta meM sammilita kara denA caahie| jo isa prAyazcitta rUpa parihAratapa meM sthApita hokara vahana karate hue bhI puna: kisI prakAra kI pratisevanA kare to usakA sampUrNa prAyazcitta bhI pUrvapradatta prAyazcitta meM prAropita kara denA cAhie / 18. jo bhikSu cAturmAsika yA kucha adhika cAturmAsika, paMcamAsika yA kucha adhika paMcamAsika ina parihArasthAnoM meM se kisI eka parihArasthAna kI aneka bAra pratisevanA karake pAlocanA kare to use
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________________ 268] [vyavahArasUtra mAyAsahita AlocanA karane para prAsevita ke anusAra prAyazcitta rUpa parihAratapa meM sthApita karake yogya vaiyAvRtya karanI caahie| yadi vaha parihAratapa meM sthApita hone para bhI kisI prakAra kI pratisevanA kare to usakA sampUrNa prAyazcitta bhI pUrvapradatta prAyazcitta meM sammilita kara denA cAhie / 1. pUrva meM pratisevita doSa kI pahale AlocanA kI ho, 2. pUrva meM pratisevita doSa kI pIche AlocanA kI ho, 3. pIche se pratisevita doSa kI pahale AlocanA kI ho, 4. pIche se pratisevita doSa kI pIche AlocanA kI ho / 1. mAyArahita AlocanA karane kA saMkalpa karake mAyArahita AlocanA kI ho, 2. mAyArahita AlocanA karane kA saMkalpa karake mAyAsahita AlocanA kI ho, 3. mAyAsahita AlocanA karane kA saMkalpa karake mAyArahita pAlocanA kI ho, 4. mAyAsahita AlocanA karane kA saMkalpa karake mAyAsahita AlocanA kI ho| inameM se kisI bhI prakAra ke bhaMga se AlocanA karane para usake sarva svakRta aparAdha ke prAyazcitta ko saMyukta karake pUrvapradatta prAyazcitta meM sammilita kara denA caahie| jo isa prAyazcitta rUpa parihAratapa meM sthApita hokara vahana karate hue punaH kisI prakAra kI pratisevanA kare to usakA sampUrNa prAyazcitta bhI pUrvapradatta prAyazcitta meM Aropita kara denA caahie| vivecana-bhikSa yA bhikSuNI aticArarahita saMyama kA pAlana karake to zuddha pArAdhanA karate hI haiM kintu sAdhanA ke laMbe kAla meM kabhI zArIrika yA anya kisI prakAra kI paristhitiyoM se vivaza hokara yadi unheM aticArAdi kA sevana karanA par3e to bhI ve AlocanA evaM prAyazcitta dvArA zuddhi karake saMyama kI ArAdhanA kara sakate haiM / ina sUtroM meM pratisevanA, AlocanA, prAyazcittasthAna, prasthApanA, prAropaNA Adi kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| nizItha uddezaka 20 meM aise hI aThAraha sUtra haiN| vahAM ina sUtroM se saMbaMdhita ukta sabhI viSayoM kA vistRta vivecana kara diyA gayA hai| sUtrokta parihArasthAna ke bhASyakAra ne do artha kiye haiM 1. parityAga karane yogya arthAt doSasthAna aura 2. dhAraNa karane yogya arthAt praayshcitttp| __prastuta aThAraha sUtroM meM 'doSasthAna' artha meM isa zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai aura nizItha ke pratyeka uddezaka ke upasaMhArasUtra meM 'prAyazcittatapa' artha meM isakA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / pArihArika aura apArihArikoM kA niSadyAdi vyavahAra 19. bahave pArihAriyA bahave apArihAriyA icchejjA egayao abhinisejjaM vA, abhinisIhiyaM vA ceittae, no se kappada there aNApucchittA egayano abhinisejjaM vA, abhinisIhiyaM vA ceittae / kappar3a NaM there ApucchittA egayao abhinisejjaM vA, abhinisIhiyaM vA ceittae /
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________________ prathama uddezaka] [269 therA ya NaM viyarejjA, evaM NaM kappai egayao abhinisejjaM vA, abhinisohiyaM vA ceitte| therA ya NaM No viyarejjA, evaM no kappai egayo abhinisejjaM vA, abhinisIhiyaM vA ceittae / jo NaM therehi aviiNNe, abhinisejjaM vA, abhinisIhiyaM vA ceei, se saMtarA chee vA parihAre vaa| 19. aneka pArihArika bhikSu aura aneka apArihArika bhikSu yadi eka sAtha rahanA yA baiThanA cAheM to unheM sthavira ko pUche binA eka sAtha rahanA yA eka sAtha baiThanA nahIM kalpatA hai / sthavira ko pUcha karake hI ve eka sAtha raha sakate haiM yA baiTha sakate haiN| yadi sthavira prAjJA deM to unheM eka sAtha rahanA yA eka sAtha baiThanA kalpatA hai| yadi sthavira AjJA na deM to unheM eka sAtha rahanA yA baiThanA nahIM kalpatA hai / sthavira kI AjJA ke binA ve eka sAtha raheM yA baiThe to unheM maryAdA ullaMghana kA dIkSAcheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta AtA hai| vivecana--parihAratapa vahana karane kI vistRta vidhi nizItha u. 4 meM kahI hai tathA u. 20 evaM bRhatkalpa u. 4 meM bhI kucha varNana kiyA gayA hai / pArihArika bhikSu kA AhAra, vihAra, svAdhyAya, zayyA, niSadyA Adi sabhI kArya samUha meM rahate hue bhI alaga-alaga hote haiM / ataH kisI sAdhu ko kisI vizeSa kAraNa se pArihArika ke sAtha baiThanA ho to sthavira Adi, jo gaNa meM pramukha hoM, unakI AjJA lenA Avazyaka hotA hai / sthavira ko ucita lage to ve AjJA dete haiM anyathA ve niSedha kara dete haiN| niSedha karane ke bAda bhI yadi koI u sAtha baiThatA hai, vaha maryAdA kA bhaMga karatA hai tathA binA pUche usake sAtha baiThe yA anya kisI prakAra kA vyavahAra kare to maryAdA-bhaMga karane vAlA hotA hai, jisase vaha prAyazcitta kA bhAgI hotA hai| pArihArika ke sAtha vyavahAra na rakhane kA kAraNa yaha hai ki vaha akelA rahakara prAyazcitta se vizeSa nirjarA karatA huA apanI Atmazuddhi kare aura samUha meM rahate hue usa prAyazcitta tapa ko vahana karAne kA kAraNa yaha hai ki anya sAdhuoM ko bhI bhaya utpanna ho, jisase ve doSasevana karane se bacate rheN| parihArakalpasthita bhikSu kA vaiyAvRtya ke lie vihAra 20. parihArakappaTTie bhikkhU bahiyA therANaM veyAvaDiyAe gacchejjA, therA ya se srejjaa| kappaha se egarAiyAe paDimAe japaNaM jaNNaM disaM anne sAhammiyA viharaMti taNNaM taNNaM visaM ulitte| no se kappai tattha vihAravattiyaM vatthae / kappai se tattha kAraNavattiyaM vasthae, taMsi ca NaM kAraNaMsi niTTiyaMsi paro vaejjA--'vasAhi ajjo! egarAyaM vA durAyaM vA / ' evaM se kappai egarAyaM vA durAyaM vA vathae / no se kappar3a paraM egarAyAo vA durAyAo vA vathae / je tattha egarAyAno vA durAyAo vA paraM vasai, se saMtarA chee vA parihAre thaa| 21. parihArakappaTTie bhikkhU bahiyA therANaM veyAvaDiyAe gacchejjA, therA ya se no sarejjA kappai se nivisamANassa egarAiyAe paDimAe jaNNaM jagaNaM disaM anne sAhammiyA viharaMti taNNaM taNNaM visaM ulitte|
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________________ 270] [vyavahArasUtra no se kappai tattha vihAravattiyaM vatthae / kappai se tattha kAraNavattiyaM vatthae / tasi ca NaM kAraNasi niTThiyaMsi paro vaejjA--'vasAhi ajjo ! egarAyaM vA durAyaM vA / ' evaM se kappai egarAyaM vA durAyaM vA vasthae / no se kappai paraM egarAyAo vA durAyAo vA vtthe| je tattha egarAyAo vA durAyAo vA paraM vasai, se saMtarA chae vA parihAre vaa| 22. parihAra-kappaTTie bhikkhU bahiyA therANaM veyAvaDiyAe gacchejjA, therA ya se sarejjA vA, no sarejjA vA, kappai se nivisamANassa egarAiyAe paDimAe jaNaM jaNNaM disaM anne sAhammiyA viharaMti taNNaM taNNaM disaM uvlitte| no se kappai tattha vihAravattiyaM vatthae / kappar3a se tattha kAraNavattiyaM vatthae / taMsi ca NaM kAraNaMsi niTTiyaMsi paro vaejjA, 'vasAhi ajjo ! egarAyaM vA durAyaM vaa|' evaM kappai egarAyaM vA durAyaM vA vatthae / no se kappai paraM egarAyAno vA durAyAno vA vtthe| je tattha egarAyAo vA durAyAo vA paraM vasai, se saMtarA chee vA parihAre vaa| 20. parihArakalpa meM sthita bhikSu (sthavira kI AjJA se) anyatra kisI rugNa sthavira kI vaiyAvatya (sevA) ke lie jAve usa samaya sthavira ko smaraNa rahe arthAt sthavira use parihAratapa chor3ane kI anumati de to use mArga ke grAmAdi meM eka-eka rAtri vizrAma karate hue jisa dizA meM sArmika rugNa bhikSu ho, usI dizA meM jAnA kalpatA hai| ___ mArga meM vicaraNa ke lakSya se ThaharanA nahIM kalpatA hai, kintu rogAdi ke kAraNa rahanA kalpatA hai| kAraNa ke samApta hone para yadi koI vaidya prAdi kahe ki 'he Arya ! tuma yahAM eka-do rAta aura Thaharo' to use eka-do rAta aura rahanA kalpatA hai, kintu eka-do rAta se adhika rahanA use nahIM kalpatA hai| jo vahAM eka-do rAtri se adhika rahatA hai, use usa maryAdA-ullaMghana kA dIkSAcheda yA tapa prAyazcitta AtA hai| 21. parihArakalpasthita bhikSu (sthavira kI AjJA se) anyatra kisI rugNa bhikSu kI vaiyAvRtya ke lie jAe, usa samaya yadi sthavira use smaraNa na dilAve arthAt parihAratapa chor3ane kI anumati na de to parihAratapa vahana karate hue tathA mArga ke grAmAdi meM eka rAtri vizrAma karate hue jisa dizA meM rugNa sAdharmika bhikSu hai usa dizA meM jAnA kalpatA hai / __ mArga meM use vicaraNa ke lakSya se rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu rogAdi ke kAraNa rahanA kalpatA hai / usa kAraNa ke samApta ho jAne para yadi koI vaidya Adi kahe ki 'he Arya! tuma yahAM eka-do rAta aura raho to use vahAM eka-do rAta aura rahanA kalpatA hai kintu eka-do rAta se adhika rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai / jo vahAM eka-do rAtri se adhika rahatA hai use usa maryAdA ullaMghana kA cheda yA tapa prAyazcitta AtA hai|
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________________ prathama uddezaka] [271 22. parihArakalpa sthita bhikSu (sthavira kI AjJA se) anyatra kisI rugNa sthavira ko vaiyAvRtya ke lie jAve, usa samaya sthavira use smaraNa dilAve yA na dilAve arthAt parihAratapa chor3akara jAne kI svIkRti de yA na de to use mArga ke grAmAdi meM eka rAtri vizrAma karate hue aura zakti ho to parihAratapa vahana karate hue jisa dizA meM rugNa sthavira hai usa dizA meM jAnA kalpatA hai| ____ mArga meM use vicaraNa ke lakSya se rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai kintu rogAdi ke kAraNa rahanA kalpatA hai / kAraNa ke samApta ho jAne para yadi koI vaidya Adi kahe ki "he Arya ! tuma yahAM eka-do rAta aura raho" to use vahAM eka-do rAta aura rahanA kalpatA hai kintu eka-do rAta se adhika rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai / jo vahAM eka-do rAtri se adhika rahatA hai use usa maryAdA-ullaMghana kA cheda yA tapa prAyazcitta pAtA hai / . vivecana-pUrvasUtra meM parihAratapa karane vAle bhikSu ke sAtha niSadyA Adi ke vyavahAra kA niSedha evaM apavAda kahA gayA hai / prastuta sUtratrika meM paristhitivaza pArihArika bhikSu ko sthavira kI sevA ke lie bhejane kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| pArihArika bhikSu apane prAyazcitta tapa kI ArAdhanA karatA huA bhI sevA meM jA sakatA hai athavA tapa kI ArAdhanA chor3akara bhI jA sakatA hai / prathama sUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki sthavira tapa chor3ane kA kaheM to tapa chor3akara jaave| dUsare sUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki sthavira tapa chor3ane kA na kaheM to prAyazcitta tapa vahana karate hue jAve / tIsare sUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki sthavira kaheM yA na kaheM, yadi zakti ho to parihArataya vahana karate hue hI jAve aura zakti na ho to svIkRti lekara parihAratapa choDakara jaave| pArihArika bhikSu tapa karate hue jAve yA tapa chor3akara jAve to vizrAMti ke lie use mArga meM eka jagaha eka rAtri se adhika nahIM rukanA caahie| dharma prabhAvanA ke lie yA kisI kI prArthanA-Agraha se vaha mArga meM adhika nahIM ruka sakatA hai kintu svayaM ko prazakti yA bImArI ke kAraNa adhika rukanA cAhe to vaha ruka sakatA hai| yadi bImArI ke kAraNa 5-10 dina taka rahe aura usakA upacAra bhI karanA par3e to Thahara sakatA hai aura svastha hone ke bAda kisI vaidya yA kisI hitaiSI gahastha ke kahane se eka yA do dina aura bhI ruka sakatA hai| usakA koI prAyazcitta nahIM pAtA hai / svastha hone ke bAda svecchA se yA kisI ke kahane para do dina se adhika ruke to vaha maryAdAullaMghana ke kAraNa yathAyogya tapa yA cheda prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| "se saMtarA chee vA parihAre vA" isa sUtrAMza kA vivecana bRhatkalpasUtra u. 2, sU. 4 meM dekheN| ___ gaMtavya sthAna kA jo sIdhA mArga saMyama-maryAdA ke anusAra ho to usI se vaiyAvRtya ke lie jAnA cAhie kintu adhika samaya vyatIta karate hue yatheccha mArga se nahIM jAnA caahie|
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________________ 272] [vyavahArasUtra akele vicarane vAle kA gaNa meM punarAgamana __23. bhikkhU ya gaNAo avakkamma egallavihArapaDima uvasaMpajjittANaM viharejjA, se ya icchejjA doccaM pi tameva gaNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharittae, puNo AloejjA, puNo paDikkamejjA, puNo cheya-parihArassa uvtttthaaejjaa| 24. gaNAvaccheie ya gaNAmro pravakkamma egallavihArapaDimaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharejjA, se ya icchejjA doccaM pi tameva gaNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharittae, puNo pAloejjA, puNo paDikkamejjA, puNo cheya-parihArassa uvtttthaaejjaa| 25. Ayariya-uvajjhAe ya gaNAmro avakkamma egallavihArapaDimaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharejjA, se ya icchejjA doccaM pi tameva gaNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharittae, puNo AloejjA, puNo paDikkamejjA, puNo cheya-parihArassa uvAejjA / 23. yadi koI bhikSa gaNa se nikalakara ekalavihAracaryA dhAraNa karake vicaraNa kare, bAda meM vaha puna: usI gaNa meM sammilita hokara rahanA cAhe to usa pUrva avasthA kI pUrNa pAlocanA evaM pratikramaNa kare tathA prAcArya usakI AlocanA sunakara jo bhI cheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta de use svIkAra kre| 24. yadi koI gaNAvacchedaka gaNa se nikalakara ekalavihAracaryA ko dhAraNa karake vicaraNa kare aura bAda meM vaha punaH usI gaNa meM sammilita hokara rahanA cAhe to usa pUrva avasthA kI pUrNa mAlocanA evaM pratikramaNa kare tathA prAcArya usakI AlocanA sunakara jo bhI cheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta de use svIkAra kre| 25. yadi koI prAcArya yA upAdhyAya gaNa se nikalakara ekalavihAracaryA ko dhAraNa karake vicaraNa kare aura bAda meM vaha punaH usI gaNa meM sammilita hokara rahanA cAhe to usa pUrva avasthA kI pUrNa AlocanA evaM pratikramaNa kare tathA prAcArya usakI AlocanA sunakara jo cheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta de use svIkAra kre| vivecana--ina sUtroM meM gaNa se nikalakara ekAkI vihAracaryA karane vAle bhikSu, prAcArya, upAdhyAya evaM gaNAvacchedaka kA kathana hai| ye ekala vihArI bhikSu yadi ekAkI vihAracaryA chor3akara punaH gaNa meM sammilita honA cAheM to unako gaNa meM sammilita kiyA jA sakatA hai, kintu unako ekAkI vihAracaryA meM lage doSoM kI pAlocanA pratikramaNa karanA Avazyaka hotA hai aura gacchapramukha unake ekAkI vicaraNa kA prAyazcitta tapa yA dIkSAcheda jo bhI de use svIkAra karanA bhI Avazyaka hotA hai| ina sUtroM ke vidhAnAnusAra bhikSu, prAcArya, upAdhyAya evaM gaNAvacchedaka pratimAdhArI nahIM haiM, yaha spaSTa hai| phira bhI sUtroM meM jo "pratimA" zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai vaha kevala sUtra-zailI hai| kyoMki Age ke sUtroM meM pArzvastha Adi ke lie evaM anya mata ke liMga ko dhAraNa karane vAle ke liye
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________________ prathama uddezaka] [273 bhI "pratimA" zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / jinake pratimAdhArI hone kI kalpanA karanA sarvathA anucita hogaa| bhikSu kI bAraha pratimA yA anya pratimAeM dhAraNa karane vAloM kI nizcita avadhi hotI hai| ye utane samaya taka pArAdhanA karate rahate haiN| unake lie sUtra meM prayukta "doccapi" aura "icchejjA" pada anAvazyaka hai / ve aneka prakAra kI tapa-sAdhanA Adi kA abhyAsa karake hI pratimA dhAraNa karate haiM / ataH bIca meM pratimA chor3akara Ane kA koI kAraNa nahIM hotA hai tathA pratimAdhArI bhikSu ke lie pratimA pUrNa karake gaccha meM Ane para tapa yA cheda prAyazcitta ke vidhAna kI kalpanA karanA bhI ucita nahIM hai / kyoMki pratimA dhAraNa karane vAle zrAvaka bhI itane dRDha manobala vAle hote haiM ki ve apane niyamoM meM kisI prakAra ke prAgAra nahIM rakhate haiM arthAt rAjA Adi kA prAgAra bhI unake nahIM rahatA hai / taba pratimAoM ko dhAraNa karane vAle bhikSu ke calacitta hone kI evaM doSa lagAne kI sambhAvanA hI kaise kI jA sakatI hai ? sUtra 31 meM anyamata kA liMga dhAraNa karane vAle sAmAnya bhikSu ke lie bhI "nasthi keI chae vA parihAre vA, nannastha egAe pAloyaNAe" aisA kathana hai to pratimAdhArI bhikSu to usase bhI bahuta uccakoTi kI sAdhanA karane vAle hote haiN| ataH ina sUtroM meM kiyA gayA vidhAna evaM prAyazcitta svecchAvaza gaccha se nikalakara ekalavihAracaryA dhAraNa karane vAloM kI apekSA se hai, aisA samajhanA ho ucita hai / AgamoM meM kahe gae ekalavihAra do prakAra ke haiM(1) aparisthitika (2) saparisthitika / aparisthitika-pratimAoM ko dhAraNa karane vAle bhikSuoM kA akelA rahanA kevala nirjarAhetu hotA hai, vaha aparisthitika ekalavihAra hai / pratimA dhAraNa karane vAle bhikSu gaccha ke prAcArya kI AjJA lekara Adara sahita ekalavihAra karate haiM, ataH ye AcArya kI sampadA meM gine jAte haiM / ye nau pUrva ke jJAtA hote haiM / ATha mahinoM meM pratimA pUrNa karane ke bAda sammAna pUrvaka gaNa meM Ate haiN| saparisthitika-zArIrika-mAnasika kAraNoM se, prakRti kI viSamatA se, zuddha saMyama pAlana karane vAle sahayogI ke na milane se athavA pUrNatayA saMyamavidhi kA pAlana na kara sakane se, jo svecchA se ekalavihAra dhAraNa kiyA jAtA hai, vaha 'saparisthitika ekalavihAra' hai| saparisthitika ekalavihAracaryA vAlA bhikSu prAcArya kI sampadA meM nahIM ginA jAtA hai| usakA gaccha se nikalanA AjJA se athavA AdarapUrvaka nahIM hotA hai, kintu saMgha kI udAsInatA yA virodhapUrvaka hotA hai| saparisthitika ekala vihAracaryA vAle bhikSu ke lie pratimA dhAraNa karanA, utkRSTa gItArtha honA athavA viziSTa yogyatAoM kA honA to anivArya nahIM hai, tathApi navadIkSita (tIna varSa se alpa dIkSA paryAya vAlA), bAlaka (16 varSa se kama vaya vAlA) evaM taruNa (40 varSa se alpa vaya vAle) bhikSu ko ekalavihArI nahIM honA caahie| kyoMki vyavahArasUtra u. 3 meM ina tInoM ko AcArya upAdhyAya ke netRtva meM hI rahane kA vidhAna hai|
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________________ 274] [vyavahArasUtra aparisthitika ekalavihAracaryA sambandhI prAgamasthala 1. bhikSu ko gyAraha prtimaa| -dazA da. 7 2. jinklpsaadhnaa| -bahatkalpa u.6 3. jinakalpI ko sarpa kATane para bhI upacAra karAne kA niSedha / -vyava. u. 5 4. ekalavihAra kA mnorth| --ThANaM a. 3 5. ekalavihAra ke pATha guNa / -ThANaM a. 8 6. akele baiThe, khar3A rahe, sove evaM vicre| -sUya. zru. 1, a. 2, u. 2 7. saMbhoga (sAmUhika AhAra) pratyAkhyAna kA phl| -uttarA. a. 29 8. sahAya-pratyAkhyAna kA phala / -uttarA. a. 29 9. ziSya ko ekalavihArasamAcArI kI zikSA dene se prAcArya kA ziSya ke RNa se mukta honaa| ---dazA . da. 4 10. gaNatyAga karanA Abhyantara tapa kahA hai| --uvavAI. sU. 30/ bhagavatI. za. 25, u.7 11. vastra sambandhI pratijJAyukta eklvihaar| -A. zru. 1, a.8, u. 4-5-6-7 moya-pratimA tathA datti-parimANa tapa evaM aneka abhigrahoM meM bhI samUha kA yA sAmUhika AhAra kA tyAga kiyA jAtA hai| saparisthitika ekalavihAracaryA sambandhI vidhAna karane vAle Agamasthala 1. AtmasurakSA ke lie ekala vihaar| -ThANaM. a. 3 2. ziSyoM dvArA utpanna asamAdhi se gargAcArya kA ekalavihAra / -uttarA. a. 26 3. yogya sahAyaka bhikSu ke abhAva meM ekala vihAra kA nirdesh| -uttarA. a. 32 4. pUrI cUlikA kA nAma hI 'viviktacaryA' hai evaM usameM ekalavihAra ke nirdeza ke sAtha aneka zikSAprada vacana kahe haiN| -dazavai. cU. 2 5. zuddha gaveSaNA karane vAle bhikSu ke ekala vihAra kI prazaMsA / --AcA. zru. 1, a. 6, u. 2 6. prAdhAkarma doSa se bacane ke lie ekalavihAra kI preraNA evaM usase mokSaprApti kA prarUpaNa / -suya. zru. 1, a. 10 7. ekalavihArI ke nivAsayogya upAzraya kA vidhAna / ---vyava. u. 6 8. ekalavihArI kI vRddhAvasthA kA prApavAdika jIvana / -vyava. u. 8 9. ThANaM a. 5 meM gaNatyAga ke prazasta kAraNa kahe haiM evaM bRhatkalpa u. 4 meM saMyama guNa kI hAni ho aise gaNa meM jAne kA niSedha hai| ata: aisI paristhiti vAle bhikSu kA ekala vihaar| 10. arihaMta siddha kI sAkSI se ekalavihArI bhikSu ko AlocanA evaM prAyazcitta grahaNa karane kI vidhi| -vyava. u. 1, sU. 33 aprazasta ekalavihAra evaM usakA niSedha karane vAle Agamasthala 1. atyantakrodhI-mAnI evaM dhUrta kA dUSita ekalavihAra / --AcA. zru. 1, a. 5, u. 1
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________________ prayama uddezaka] [275 2. yogya prAyazcitta svIkAra na karane se jo gaccha-niSkAsita ho, usakA ekalavihAra / / --bRhatkalpa. u. 4 3. avyakta evaM prazAnta svabhAva vAle kA saMkaTayukta eklvihaar| -prAcA. zru. 1, a. 5, u. 4 4. saMyama-vidhi ke pAlana meM aruci vAle ke lie ekalavihAra kA niSedha / -prAcA. zru. 1, a. 5, u. 6 5. paripUrNa paMkharahita pakSI kI upamA se avyakta bhikSu ke lie ekalavihAra kA niSedha / __sUya. zru. 1, a. 14 6. navadIkSita, bAlaka evaM taruNa bhikSu ko prAcArya kI nizrA binA rahane kA niSedha / -vyava. u. 3 7. prAcArya, upAdhyAya pada dhAraNa karane vAloM ko akele vihAra karane kA niSedha / -vya va.u.4 . niyukti tathA bhASya meM ekalavihAra kA varNana 1. bRhatkalpabhASya gAthA. 690 se 693 taka jaghanyagItArtha-AcArAMga evaM nizIthasUtra ko kaNThastha dhAraNa karane vaalaa| madhyamagItArtha-AcArAMga, sayagaDAMga evaM cAra chedasatroM ko kaNThastha karane vaalaa| utkRSTagotArtha-navapUrva se 14 pUrva taka ke jJAnI Adi / inameM se kisI bhI prakAra kA gItArtha hI prAcArya, upAdhyAya yA ekalavihArI ho sakatA hai| kyoMki gItArtha kA ekAkI vihAra evaM gItArtha AcArya kI nizrAyukta gacchavihAra, ye do vihAra hI jinazAsana meM anujJAta haiN| tIsarA agItArtha kA ekAkI vihAra evaM agItArtha kI nizrAyukta gacchavihAra bhI jinazAsana meM niSiddha hai| nizIthacUNi gA. 404 meM ukta gItArtha kI vyAkhyA ke samAna hI jaghanya, madhyama evaM utkRSTa bahuzruta kI bhI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| 2. vyavahArabhASya u. 1 ke antima sUtra meM 1. rogAtaMka 2. durbhikSa 3. rAjadveSa 4. bhaya 5. zArIrika yA mAnasika glAnatA 6. jJAna darzana yA cAritra kI vRddhi hetu 7. sAthI bhikSu ke kAla-dharma prApta hone para 8. prAcArya yA sthavira kI AjJA se bhejane para, ityAdi kAraNoM se ekalavihAra kiyA jAtA hai| ___ gaccha meM AcArya, upAdhyAya, pravartaka, sthavira evaM gaNAvacchedaka ina pAMca padavIdharoM meM se eka bhI yogya padavIdhara ke na hone ke kAraNa gaccha tyAga karane vAle ekalavihArI bhikSu hote haiN| ukta kAraNoM se ekalavihArI hue bhikSuoM ko arihaMta siddha kI sAkSI se AlocanA karane kA vidhAna hai| 3. propaniyukti meM sakAraNa evaM akAraNa ke bheda se ekalavihAra do prakAra kA kahA hai 1. jJAna darzana cAritra ko vRddhi ke lie yA Agamokta anya paristhitiyoM se kiyA gayA gItArtha kA ekalavihAra 'sakAraNa ekalavihAra' hai|
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________________ 276] [vyavahArasUtra 2. prAcAryAdi ke anuzAsana se ghabarAkara athavA sthAna, kSetra, AhAra, vastra prAdi-manonukUla prApta karane hetu athavA aneka sthaloM ko dekhane hetu kiyA gayA gItArtha kA ekalavihAra bhI 'akAraNa ekalavihAra' hai tathA sabhI agItArthoM kA ekala vihAra to 'akAraNa ekala vihAra' hI kahA jAtA hai| prastuta sUtratrika meM AcArya, upAdhyAya, gaNAvacchedaka evaM sAmAnya bhikSutroM ke ekalavihAra karane kA evaM gaNa meM punarAgamana kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| sArAMza yaha hai ki ekalavihAra prazasta aprazasta donoM prakAra kA hotA hai| ataeva ekalavihAra AgamoM meM niSiddha bhI hai evaM vihita bhI hai / gItArtha kA Agamokta kAraNoM ke upasthita hone para kiyA gayA prazasta ekalavihAra Agamavihita hai| agItArtha, abahuzruta aura avyakta kA ekalavihAra ekAnta niSiddha hai aura ye tInoM hI zabda ekArthaka bhI haiN| saMyama meM zithila, ajAgarUka evaM krodha, mAna Adi kaSAyoM kI adhikatA vAle bhikSu kA . ekalavihAra aprazasta hai evaM vaha nidita ekalavihAra kahA gayA hai / ye prazasta aprazasta koI bhI ekAkIvihArI bhikSa puna: gaccha meM Akara rahanA cAhe to ucita parIkSaNa karake evaM yogya prAyazcitta dekara gaccha meM rakhA jA sakatA hai / yaha tInoM sUtroM kA sAra hai| pArzvastha-vihArI Adi kA gaNa meM punarAgamana 26. bhikkhU ya gaNAo avakkamma pAsatyavihArapaDima uvasaMpajjittANaM viharejjA, se ya icchejjA voccaM pi tameva gaNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharittae, asthi ya ittha sese, puNo AloejjA, puNo paDikkamejjA, puNo cheyaparihArassa uvttttaaejjaa| 27. bhikkhU ya gaNAo pravakkamma ahAchaMdavihArapaDimaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharejjA, se ya icchejjA doccaM pi tameva gaNaM uvasaMpajjitANaM viharittae, atthi ya ittha sese, puNo pAloejjA, puNo paDikkamejjA, puNo cheyaparihArassa uvtttthaaejjaa| ___28. bhikkhU ya gaNAmro avakphamma kusIlavihArapaDima uvasaMpajjittANaM viharejjA, se ya icchejjA doccaM pi tameva gaNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharittae, asthi ya itya sese, puNo AloejjA, puNo cheyaparihArassa uvtttthaaejjaa| 29. bhikkhU ya gaNAo avakphamma prosannavihArapaDimaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharejjA, se ya icchejjA doccaM pi tameva gaNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharittae, atthi ya ittha sese, puNo pAloejjA, puNo paDikkamejjA puNo cheyaparihArassa uvtttthaaejjaa| 30. bhikkhU ya gaNAo avakkama saMsattavihArapaDimaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharejjA, se ya icchejjA doccaM pi tameva gaNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharittae, atthi ya ittha sese, puNo Aloe jjA, puNo paDikkamejjA, puNo cheyaparihArassa ubttttaaejjaa|
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________________ prayama uddezaka] [277 26. yadi koI bhikSu gaNa se nikalakara pAvasthavihAracaryA ko aMgIkAra karake vicare aura bAda meM vaha pArzvasthavihAra chor3akara usI gaNa meM sammilita hokara rahanA cAhe to yadi usakA cAritra kucha zeSa ho to pUrva avasthA kI pUrNa AlocanA evaM pratikramaNa kare tathA prAcArya usakI pAlocanA sunakara jo bhI dIkSAcheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta deM, use svIkAra kre| 27. yadi koI bhikSu gaNa se nikalakara yathAchandavihAracaryA aMgIkAra karake vicare aura bAda meM vaha yathAchandavihAra chor3akara usI gaNa meM sammilita hokara rahanA cAhe to yadi usakA cAritra kucha zeSa ho to vaha usa pUrva avasthA kI pUrNa AlocanA evaM pratikramaNa kare tathA AcArya usakI AlocanA sunakara jo bhI dIkSAcheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta deM, use svIkAra kare / 28. yadi koI bhikSu gaNa se nikalakara kuzIlavihAracaryA ko aMgIkAra karake vicare aura bAda meM vaha kuzIla vihAra chor3akara usI gaNa meM sammilita hokara rahanA cAhe to yadi usakA cAritra kucha zeSa ho to vaha usa pUrva avasthA kI pUrNa AlocanA evaM pratikramaNa kare tathA AcArya usakI AlocanA sunakara jo bhI dIkSAcheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta deM, use svIkAra kre| 29. yadi koI bhikSu gaNa se nikalakara avasannavihAracaryA ko aMgIkAra karake vicare aura bAda meM vaha avasanavihAra chor3akara usI gaNa meM sammilita hokara rahanA cAhe to yadi usakA cAritra kucha zeSa ho to vaha usa pUrva avasthA kI pUrNa pAlocanA evaM pratikramaNa kare tathA prAcArya usakI pAlocanA sunakara jo bhI dIkSAcheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta deM, use svIkAra kre| 30. yadi koI bhikSa gaNa se nikalakara saMsaktavihAracaryA ko aMgIkAra karake vicare aura bAda meM vaha saMsaktavihAra ko chor3akara usI gaNa meM sammilita hokara rahanA cAhe to yadi usakA cAritra kucha zeSa ho to vaha usa pUrva avasthA kI pUrNa pAlocanA evaM pratikramaNa kare tathA prAcArya usakI AlocanA sunakara jo bhI dIkSAcheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta deM, use svIkAra kre| vivecanapUrva ke sUtroM meM ekalavihArI bhikSu ke punaH gaccha meM Ane kA kathana hai aura ina sUtroM meM zithila AcAra vAle pArzvastha Adi bhikSuoM kA punaH gaccha meM Ane kA kathana hai / ina sUtroM se yaha bhI spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki pUrvasUtroM meM varNita ekalavihAra vAle saMyama meM zithila nahIM haiM, kintu zuddha prAcAra kA pAlana karane vAle haiN| pArzvastha Adi jaba punaH gaccha meM pAnA cAheM taba unakI dUSita pravRtiyoM ke dvArA saMyama pUrNa naSTa na huA ho arthAt kucha bhI saMyama ke guNa zeSa rahe hoM to unheM tapa yA cheda kA prAyazcitta dekara gaccha meM sammilita kiyA jA sakatA hai| ___ yaha saMyama zeSa rahane kA kathana pUrvasUtroM meM nahIM hai, anya sabhI vidhAna donoM jagaha samAna haiN| ataH inakA vivecana pUrvavat samajhanA cAhie / ina sUtroM meM prAyazcitta ke lie tapa yA cheda kA vaikalpika vidhAna kiyA gayA hai arthAt kisI ekalavihArI yA pArzvastha Adi ko tapa prAyazcitta dekara gaccha meM sammilita kiyA jA sakatA hai aura kisI ko dIkSAcheda kA prAyazcitta bhI diyA jA sakatA hai, ataH ekAnta vidhAna nahIM samajhanA caahie|
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________________ 278] [vyavahArasUtra kisI bhI sAdhu ko punaH gaccha meM sammilita karane ke lie usake saMyama kI parIkSA karanA evaM jAnakArI karanA atyanta Avazyaka hotA hai, cAhe vaha zuddha-prAcAra vAlA ho athavA zithila-prAcAra vAlA ho / 1. svataMtra rahane vAlA bhikSu gaccha ke AcAra-vicAra evaM vinaya-anuzAsana meM raha sakegA yA nahIM, yaha dekhanA atyaMta Avazyaka hai| 2. vaha pArzvasthavihAra Adi chor3akara puna: gaccha meM kyoM pAnA cAhatA hai-vizuddha pariNAmoM se yA saMkliSTa pariNAmoM se ? 3. parISaha-upasarga evaM apamAna Adi se ghabarAkara pAnA cAhatA hai ? 4. bhaviSya ke lie usake aba kyA kaise pariNAma haiM ? 5. usake gaccha meM rahane ke pariNAma sthira haiM yA nahIM ? ityAdi vicAraNAoM ke bAda usakA evaM gaccha kA jisameM hita ho, aisA nirNaya lenA caahie| sahI nirNaya karane ke lie usa bhikSu ko kucha samaya taka yA utkRSTa chaha mahIne taka gaccha meM sammilita na karake parIkSArtha rakhA jA sakatA hai, jisase use rakhane yA na rakhane kA sahI nirNaya ho ske| ina vicAraNAoM kA kAraNa yaha hai ki vaha bhikSu gaccha kA yA gaccha ke anya sAdhu-sAdhviyoM kA athavA saMgha kA kucha bhI ahita kara baiThe, bAta-bAta meM kalaha kare, gaccha yA gacchapramukhoM kI niMdA kare yA punaH gaccha ko chor3a de, anya sAdhuoM ko bhI bhramita kara gaccha chur3A de, ityAdi pariNAmoM se usakI yA gaccha kI evaM jinazAsana kI holanA hotI hai| ataH sabhI viSayoM kA pUrvApara vicAra karake hI prAgaMtuka bhikSu ko rakhanA cAhie / anya gaccha ke AgaMtuka bhikSu ke lie bhI aisI hI sAvadhAniyAM rakhanA Avazyaka samajha lenA caahie| pArzvastha, avasanna, kuzIla aura saMsakta-ina cAroM kA vistRta vivecana nizItha u. 4 meM dekheM / yathAchaMda kA vistRta vivecana nizItha u. 10 meM dekheM / saMkSipta vivecana isa prakAra hai-- 1. pAzrvastha-jo jJAna darzana cAritra kI ArAdhanA meM puruSArtha nahIM karatA apitu unake aticAroM evaM anAcAroM meM pravRtti karatA hai, vaha 'pArzvastha' kahA jAtA hai| 2. yathAchaMda-jo AgamaviparIta manamAnA prarUpaNa yA AcaraNa karatA hai, vaha yathAchaMda kahA jAtA hai| 3. kuzIla-jo vidyA, maMtra, nimitta-kathana yA cikitsA Adi saMyamI jIvana ke niSiddha kArya karatA hai, vaha 'kuzIla' kahA jAtA hai| 4. avasanna-jo saMyamasamAcArI ke niyamoM se viparIta yA alpAdhika AcaraNa karatA hai, vaha 'pravasanna' kahA jAtA hai| 5. saMsakta-unnata prAcAra vAloM ke sAtha unnata AcAra kA pAlana karatA hai aura zithilAcAra vAloM ke sAtha zithilAcArI ho jAtA hai, vaha 'saMsakta' kahA jAtA hai / saMyama meM doSa lagAne ke kAraNa ye pArzvastha Adi zithilAcArI kahe jAte haiN| kintu bhagavatI
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________________ prathama uddezaka] [279 sUtra za. 25 u. 6 meM bakuza aura pratisevanAkuzIla nirgrantha kA varNana hai| ve doSa kA sevana karate hue bhI nirgrantha kahe jAte haiN| isakA kAraNa yaha hai--- 1. jo bhikSu anivArya paristhiti ke binA doSa sevana karatA hai| 2. anivArya paristhiti meM doSa sevana karake zuddhi nahIM karatA hai| 3. saMyama kI maryAdAoM se viparIta AcaraNoM ko sadA ke lie svIkAra kara letA hai, vaha "zithilAcArI pArzvasthAdi" kahA jAtA hai| jo bhikSa kisI anivArya paristhiti se vivaza hokara doSa sevana karatA hai, bAda meM prAyazcitta lekara doSoM kI zuddhi kara letA hai| vizeSa paristhiti se nivRtta hone para sadoSa pravRttiyoM kA parityAga kara detA hai, vaha "zithilAcArI pArzvasthAdi" nahIM kahA jAtA hai kintu bakuza yA pratisevanA nirgrantha evaM zuddhAcArI kahA jAtA hai| zuddhAcArI evaM zithilAcArI kA nirNaya karane meM eka vikalpa yaha bhI dhyAna meM rakhane yogya hai ki saMyama kI jina maryAdAoM kA AgamoM meM spaSTa kathana hai, unakA jo akAraNa pAlana nahIM karatA hai use to zithilAcArI kahA jA sakatA hai, kintu AgamoM meM jina maryAdAoM kA kathana nahIM hai, jo paramparA se pracalita haiM yA gaccha samudAya yA vyakti ke dvArA nirdhArita evaM Acarita haiM, aisI samAcArI ke na pAlane se kisI ko zithilAcArI mAnanA sarvathA anucita hai| jisa samudAya yA gaccha kI jo maryAdAeM haiM usa gaccha yA samudAya vAloM ke lie anuzAsana hetU unakA pAlana karanA Avazyaka hai| kyoMki apane gaccha kI maryAdA kA pAlana na karane vAlA gacchasamAcArI evaM guru AjJA kA bhaMga karane vAlA hotA hai| kintu usa gakcha se bhinna gaccha vAle sAdhu sAdhvI ko una niyamoM ke pAlana karane para zithilAcArI yA guru AjJA kA bhaMga karane vAlA nahIM kahA jA sakatA / aisI sAmAcArika maryAdAoM kI eka sUcI nizItha u. 13 meM dI gaI hai| jijJAsu pAThaka use dhyAna se dekheN| pArzvastha Adi ke ina pAMca sUtroM kA krama nizIthasUtra uddezaka 4 evaM uddezaka 13 ke mUla pATha evaM bhASya meM isa prakAra hai 1. pArzvastha 2. avasanna 3. kuzIla 4. saMsakta 5. nityaka / kintu prastuta sUtra evaM usake bhASya meM krama isa prakAra hai 1. pArzvastha 2. yathAchaMda 3. kuzIla 4. avasanna 5. saMsakta / yaha kramabheda maulika racanA se hai yA kAlakrama se hai yA lipidoSa se hai, yaha jJAta nahIM ho sakA hai / bhASya meM bhI isa viSaya meM koI vicAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai| bhASya meM batAyA gayA hai ki kaI pArzvasthAdi aAtmanindA evaM susAdhuoM kI prazaMsA karate hue vicaraNa karate haiM, kaI pArzvasthAdi kSetra-kAla kI oTa lekara apane zithilAcAra kA bacAva karate haiM evaM vidyA, mantra, nimitta Adi se apanI pratiSThA banAte haiM aura susAdhuoM kI nindA bhI karate haiN|| pArzvastha Adi mahAvidehakSetra meM bhI hote haiM evaM sabhI tIrthaMkaroM ke zAsana meM bhI hote haiN| ___ ina pArzvastha Adi meM bhI yathAchanda sAghu apanA aura jinazAsana kA atyadhika ahita karane vAlA hotA hai|
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________________ 280] [vyavahArasUtra ye sabhI pArzvasthAdi anukampA ke yogya haiM tathA sadbuddhi Ane para yadi ye suvihita gaNa meM AnA cAheM to unakI yogyatA kA nirNaya karake inheM gaccha meM sammilita kiyA jA sakatA hai, yaha ina sUtroM kA Azaya samajhanA caahie| anyaliMgagrahaNa ke bAda gaNa meM punarAgamana 31. bhikkhU ya gaNAo abakkamma parapAsaMDayaDima uvasaMpajjittANaM viharejjA, se ya icchejjA voccaM pi tameva gaNaM upasaMpajjitANaM viharittae, nasthi NaM tassa tappattiyaM kei chae vA parihAre vA, nannatya egAe paaloynnaae| 31. yadi koI bhikSu gaNa se nikalakara kisI vizeSa paristhiti se anya liMga ko dhAraNa karake vihAra kare aura kAraNa samApta hone para punaH svaliMga ko dhAraNa karake gaNa meM sammilita hokara rahanA cAhe to use liMgaparivartana kA pAlocanA ke atirikta dIkSAcheda yA tapa rUpa koI prAyazcitta nahIM AtA hai| vivecana--yadi koI bhikSu kaSAyavaza gaNa ko chor3akara anyaliMga dhAraNa karatA hai evaM kAlAntara meM punaH svagaccha meM pAnA cAhatA hai to use dIkSAcheda yA mUla dIkSA Adi prAyazcitta dekara hI gaccha meM sammilita kiyA jA sakatA hai / kintu prastuta sUtra meM jo dIkSAcheda Adi prAyazcitta kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai, usakA Azaya yaha hai asahya upadravoM se udvigna hokara koI bhikSu bhAvasaMyama kI rakSA ke lie dravyaliMga kA parivartana karatA hai athavA kisI deza kA rAjA AItadharma se evaM nirgrantha zramaNoM se dveSa rakhatA hai, usa kSetra meM kisI bhikSu ko jitane samaya rahanA ho yA usa kSetra ko vihAra karake pAra karanA ho, taba vaha liMgaparivartana karatA hai| bAda meM punaH svaliMga ko dhAraNa kara gaccha ke sAdhuoM ke sAtha rahanA cAhatA hai taba use liMgaparivartana ke lie kevala aAlocanA prAyazcitta ke sivAya koI cheda yA tapa prAyazcitta nahIM diyA jAtA hai| bhagavatI sUtra za. 25 u. 7 meM gRhasthaliMga evaM anyaliMga meM chedopasthApanIyacAritra kA jo kathana hai, vaha bhI isI apekSA se hai| yahAM sUtra meM 'parapAsaMDa' zabda ke sAtha 'paDima' zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai phira bhI yaha sUtrokta 'bhikSu pratimA' nahIM hai, kiMtu zabdaprayoga karane kI yaha viziSTa prAgama-zailI hai, aisA samajhanA caahie| vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie sUtra 23 kA vivecana dekheM / saMyama chor3akara jAne vAle kA gaNa meM punarAgamana 32. bhikkhU ya gaNAo avakkamma ohAvejjA, se ya icchejjA doccaM pi tameva gaNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharittae, natthi NaM tassa tappattiyaM keI chee vA parihAre vA, nannattha egAe chenovtttthaavnniyaae|
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________________ prathama uddezaka] 261 32. yadi koI bhikSu gaNa se nikalakara saMyama kA tyAga kara de aura bAda meM vaha usI gaNa ko svIkAra kara rahanA cAhe to usake lie kevala "chedopasthApanA" (naI dIkSA) prAyazcitta hai, isake atirikta use dIkSAcheda yA parihAra tapa Adi koI prAyazcitta nahIM diyA jAtA hai| vivecana-yadi koI bhikSu saMyama-maryAdAoM tathA parISaha-upasargoM se ghabarAkara indriyaviSayoM kI abhilASA se athavA kaSAyoM ke vazIbhUta hokara saMyama kA tyAga kara detA hai evaM gRhasthaliMga dhAraNa kara letA hai, vahI kabhI punaH saMyama svIkAra karanA cAhe aura use dIkSA denA lAbhapradra pratIta ho to use punaH dIkSA dI jA sakatI hai| kintu use gaccha evaM saMyama tyAgane saMbaMdhI pravRtti kA koI prAyazcitta nahIM diyA jAtA hai / kyoMki puna: naI dIkSA dene se hI usakA pUrNa prAyazcitta ho jAtA hai| dazavakAlikasUtra kI prathama cUlikA meM saMyama meM asthira citta ko punaH sthira karane ke lie aThAraha sthAnoM dvArA vistRta evaM hRdayadrAvaka varNana kiyA gayA hai| anta meM kahA gayA hai ki saMyama meM utpanna yaha duHkha kSaNika hai aura asaMkhya varSoM ke naraka ke duHkhoM se nagaNya hai tathA saMyama meM ramaNa karane vAle ke lie vaha duHkha bhI mahAn sukhakArI ho jAtA hai| isalie saMyama meM ramaNa karanA cAhie / indriyaviSayoM ke sukha bhI zAzvata rahane vAle nahIM hote, kintu ve sukha to duHkha kI paramparA ko bar3hAne vAle hI hote haiN| ata: sAdhaka ko aisA dRDha nizcaya karanA cAhie ki "caijja deha na hu dhammasAsaNaM" arthAt 'zarIra kA sampUrNa tyAga karanA par3a jAya to bhI dharma-zAsana arthAt saMyama kA tyAga kadApi nahIM karUgA / saMyama tyAgane vAle yA saMyama meM ramaNa nahIM karane vAle bhikSu bhaviSya meM atyanta pazcAttApa ko prApta hote haiN| anya prAgamoM meM bhI saMyama meM sthira rahane kA evaM kisI bhI paristhiti meM tyAga kiye gRhavAsa evaM viSayoM ko punaH svIkAra nahIM karane kA upadeza diyA gayA hai| ataH saMyamasAdhanAkAla meM viSaya-kaSAyavaza yA asahiSNutA Adi kAraNoM se saMyama chor3ane kA saMkalpa utpanna ho jAya to unheM AgamoM ke aneka upadeza-vAkyoM dvArA tatkAla niSphala kara denA caahie| AlocanA karane kA krama 33. (1) bhikkhU ya annayaraM prakiccaTThANaM paDisevittA icchejjA Aloettae, jattheva appaNI Ayariya-uvajjhAe pAsejjA, tassaMtie AloejjA jAva prahArihaM tavokammaM pAyacchittaM pddivjjejjaa| (2) no ceva gaM appaNo prAyariya-uvajjhAe pAsejjA, jattheva saMbhoiyaM sAhammiyaM pAsejjA bahussuyaM babbhAgama, tassaMtie pAloejjA jAva ahArihaM tavokammaM pAyacchittaM pddivjjejjaa| (3) no ceva NaM saMbhoiyaM sAhimmayaM bahussuyaM babbhAgamaM pAsejjA, jattheva annasaMbhoiyaM sAhammiyaM pAsejjA bahussuyaM babbhAgama, tassaMtie AloejjA jAva ahArihaM tavokammaM pAyacchittaM pddivjjejjaa| (4) no ceva NaM annasaMbhoiyaM sAhammiyaM pAsejjA bahussuyaM babbhAgamaM, jattheva sArUviyaM pAsejjA bahussuyaM babbhAgama, tassaMtie pAloejjA jAva ahArihaM tavokammaM pAyacchittaM paDivajjejjA /
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________________ 282] [vyavahArasUtra (5) no ceva NaM sArUviyaM pAsejjA bahussuyaM babhAgamaM, jattheva samaNovAsagaM pacchAkaDaM pAsejjA bahussuyaM babhAgama, tassaMtie AloejjA jAva prahArihaM tavokammaM pAyacchittaM pddivjjejjaa| (6) no ceva NaM samaNovAsagaM pacchAkaDaM pAsejjA bahussuyaM babbhAgama, jattheva samma bhAviyAI ceiyAI pAsejjA, tassaMtie AloejjA jAva prahArihaM tavokammaM pAyacchittaM pddivjjejjaa| (7) no caiva NaM samma bhAviyAI ceiyAI pAsejjA, bahiyA gAmassa vA jAva rAyahANIe vA pAINAbhimuhe vA udoNAbhimuhe vA karayalapariggahiyaM sirasAvattaM matthae aMjali kaTu evaM vaejjA "evaiyA me pravarAhA, evaikkhutto ahaM pravaraddho" arihaMtANaM siddhANaM antie AloejjA jAva ahArihaM tavokammaM pAyacchittaM pddivjjejjaa| (1) bhikSu kisI akRtyasthAna kA pratisevana karake usakI AlocanA karanA cAhe to jahAM para apane AcArya yA upAdhyAya ko dekhe, vahAM unake samIpa AlocanA kare yAvat yathAyogya prAyazcitta rUpa tapaHkarma svIkAra kre| (2) yadi apane AcArya yA upAdhyAya na mileM to jahAM para sAmbhogika (eka mAMDalika AhAra vAle) sAdharmika sAdhu mileM jo ki bahuzruta evaM bahumAgamajJa hoM, unake samIpa AlocanA kare yAvat yathAyogya prAyazcitta rUpa tapaHkarma svIkAra kre| (3) yadi sAmbhogika sArmika bahuzruta bahuaAgamajJa sAdhu na mile to jahAM para anya sAmbhogika sArmika sAdhu mile-"jo bahuzruta ho aura bahuAgamajJa ho", vahAM usake samIpa AlocanA kare yAvat yathAyogya prAyazcitta rUpa tapaHkarma svIkAra kare / (4) yadi anya sAmbhogika sArmika bahuzruta aura bahuAgamajJa sAdhu na mile to jahAM para sArUpya sAdhu mile, jo bahuzruta ho aura bahuaAgamajJa ho, vahAM usake samIpa AlocanA kare yAvat yathAyogya prAyazcitta rUpa tapaH karma svIkAra kare / (5) yadi sArUpya bahuzruta aura bahuaAgamajJa sAdhu na mile to jahAM para pazcAtkRta (saMyamatyAgI) zramaNopAsaka mile, jo bahuzruta aura bahuAgamajJa ho vahAM usake samIpa AlocanA kare yAvat yathAyogya prAyazcitta rUpa tapaHkarma svIkAra kare / (6) yadi pazcAtkRta bahuzruta aura bahumAgamajJa zramaNopAsaka na mile to jahAM para samyak bhAvita jJAnI puruSa (samabhAvI-sva-para-vivekI samyagdRSTi vyakti) mile to vahAM usake samIpa AlocanA kare yAvat yathAyogya prAyazcitta rUpa tapaHkarma svIkAra kre|| (7) yadi samyak bhAvita jJAnI puruSa na mile to grAma yAvat rAjadhAnI ke bAhara pUrva yA uttara dizA kI ora abhimukha ho, karatala jor3akara mastaka ke prAvartana kare aura mastaka para aMjali karake isa prakAra bole
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________________ prathama uddezaka] [283 "itane mere doSa haiM aura itanI bAra maiMne ina doSoM kA sevana kiyA hai," isa prakAra bolakara arihantoM aura siddhoM ke samakSa AlocanA kare yAvat yathAyogya prAyazcitta rUpa tapaHkarma svIkAra kre| vivecana saMyamasAdhanA karate hue paristhitivaza yA pramAdavaza kabhI zramaNa-dharma kI maryAdAoM kA ullaMghana karane vAle akRtyasthAna kA AcaraNa ho jAya to zIghra hI apramattabhAva se pAlocanA karanA saMyama jIvana kA Avazyaka aMga hai / yaha Abhyantara taparUpa prAyazcitta kA prathama bheda hai| uttarA. a. 29 meM AlocanA karane kA phala batAte hue kahA hai ki Alocaka apanI AlocanA karake AtmazalyoM ko, mokSamArga meM vighna karane vAle doSoM ko aura ananta saMsAra kI vRddhi karAne vAle karmoM ko prAtmA se alaga kara detA hai arthAt unheM naSTa kara detA hai| AlocanA karane vAlA evaM AlocanA sunane vAlA ye donoM hI Agamokta guNoM se sampanna hone caahie| aisA karane para hI icchita ArAdhanA saphala hotI hai| nizItha u. 20 meM AlocanA se sambandhita Agamokta aneka viSayoM kI jAnakArI sthalanirdeza sahita dI gaI hai, pAThaka vahIM dekheN| prastuta sUtra meM pAlocanA kisake samakSa karanI cAhiye, isakA eka krama diyA gayA hai| isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki jahAM taka sambhava ho isI krama se pAlocanA karanI caahie| vyutkrama se karane para bhASya meM pR. 126 (eka sau chabbIsa) para gurucaumAsI evaM laghucaumAsI prAyazcitta kahA gayA hai| isalie AlocanA karane ke icchuka bhikSu ko sarvaprathama apane AcArya yA upAdhyAya ke pAsa AlocanA karanI caahie| yadi kisI kAraNa se AcArya upAdhyAya kA yoga sambhava na ho arthAt ve rugNa hoM yA dUra hoM evaM svayaM kA Ayu alpa ho to sammilita AhAra-vyavahAra vAle sAmbhogika sAdhu ke samakSa prAlocanA karanI cAhie, kinta vaha sAmAnya bhikSa bhI aAlocanA sanane ke guNoM se susampanna evaM bahuzruta (chedasUtroM meM pAraMgata) tathA bahuaAgamajJa (aneka sUtroM evaM artha kA adhyetA) honA caahie| ukta yogyatAsampanna sAMbhogika sAdhu na ho yA na mile to asAMbhogika (sammilita AhAra nahIM karane vAle) bahuzruta Adi yogyatAsampanna bhikSu ke samakSa AlocanA karanI cAhie / vaha asAMbhogika bhikSu AcArasampanna honA caahie| / yadi AcArasampanna asAMbhogika sAdhu bhI na mile to samAna liMga vAle bahuzruta Adi guNoM se sampanna bhikSu ke pAsa AlocanA karanI caahie| yahAM samAna liMga kahane kA Azaya yaha hai ki usakA prAcAra kaisA bhI kyoM na ho, usake pAsa bhI AlocanA kI jA sakatI hai| ukta bhikSu ke na milane para jo saMyama chor3akara zramaNopAsakaparyAya kA pAlana kara rahA hai aura bahuzruta Adi guNoM se sampanna hai to usake pAsa AlocanA kI jA sakatI hai| yahAM taka ke krama meM prAyazcitta ke jAnakAra ke samakSa AlocanA kara zuddhi karane kA kathana kiyA gayA gayA hai| prAge ke do vikalpoM meM pAlocaka svayaM hI prAyazcitta grahaNa karatA hai| prathama vikalpa meM jo samyaka rUpa se jinapravacana meM bhAvita samyagdRSTi ho athavA jo samabhAva vAlA, saumya prakRti vAlA, samajhadAra vyakti ho usake pAsa pAlocanA kara lenI caahie| dvitIya vikalpa meM batAyA gayA hai ki kabhI aisA vyakti bhI na mile to grAmAdi ke bAhara
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________________ 284] [vyavahArasUtra nirjana sthAna meM uccasvara se arihaMtoM yA siddhoM ko smRti meM rakha kara unake sAmane AlocanA karanI cAhie evaM svayaM hI yathAyogya prAyazcitta grahaNa kara lenA caahie| antima donoM vikalpa gItArtha bhikSu ke lie samajhanA cAhie kyoMki, agItArtha bhikSu svayaM prAyazcitta grahaNa karane ke ayogya hotA hai| bhASyaTIkA meM isa sUtra ke viSaya meM isa prakAra kahA hai suttamiNaM kAraNiyaM, AyariyAdINa jatthagacchammi / paMcaNhaM hI asati, ego ca tahiM na vasiyavvaM // TIkA-sUtramidamadhikRtaM kAraNika, kAraNe bhavaM kAraNikaM, kAraNe satyekAkIvihAraviSayaM ityarthaH / iyamatra bhAvanA--bahUni khalu azivAdIni ekAkitvakAraNAni, tataH kAraNavazato yo jAtaH ekAkI tadviSayamidaM sUtramiti na kazcid dossH| azivAdIni tu kAraNAni muktvA AcAryAdivirahitasya na vartate vstu| tathA cAha-yatra gacche paJcAnAmAcAryopAdhyAyagaNAvacchedipravartisthadhirarUpANAmasadbhAvo yadi vA yatra paJcAnAmanyatamopyeko na vidyate tatra na vasatavyam anekadoSasaMbhavAt / isa vyAkhyAMza meM sUtrokta vidhAna ko sakAraNa ekAkI vicaraNa karane vAle bhikSu kI apekSA hone kA kahA gayA hai aura ekAkI hone ke aneka kAraNa bhI kahe haiM / jisakA spaSTIkaraNa sUtra 23-25 ke vivecana meM kara diyA gayA hai| sUtra meM prayukta AlocanA Adi zabdoM kA artha isa prakAra hai AloejjA-aticAra Adi ko vacana se prakaTa kare / paDikkamejjA-mithyA duSkRta de-apanI bhUla svIkAra kre| nidejjA-AtmasAkSI se asadAcaraNa kI niMdA kare arthAt aMtarmana meM kheda kre| garahejjA-gurusAkSI se asadAcaraNa kI niMdA kare, kheda prakaTa kre| viuddejjA-asadAcaraNa se nivRtta ho jaae| visohejjA-AtmA ko zuddha kara le arthAt asadAcaraNa se pUrNa nivRtta ho jaae| prakaraNayAe anmuTThajjA-usa akRtyasthAna ko punaH sevana nahIM karane ke lie dRDha saMkalpa kre| prahArihaM tavokammaM pAyacchittaM paDivajjejjA-usa doSa ke anurUpa tapa Adi prAyazcitta svIkAra kre| AlocanA se lekara prAyazcitta svIkAra karane taka kI sampUrNa prakriyA karane para hI aAtmavizuddhi hotI hai evaM tabhI AlocanA karanA sArthaka hotA hai| sUtra meM Ae grAma Adi 16 zabdoM kI vyAkhyA nizItha u. 4 tathA bRhatkalpa u. 1 meM dI gaI hai, ataH vahAM dekheN| sUtrokta AlocanA kA krama isa prakAra hai 1. prAcArya upAdhyAya, 2. sArmika sAmbhogika bahuzruta bahu-AgamajJa bhikSu, 3. sArmika anya sAmbhogika bahuzruta bahu-prAgamajJa bhikSu, 4. sArUpika bahuzruta bahu-AgamajJa bhikSu, 5. pazcAtkRta
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________________ prathama uddezaka] [285 bahuzruta bahu-AgamajJa zrAvaka, 6. samyak bhAvita jJAnI arthAt samyagdRSTi yA samajhadAra vyakti, 7. grAma Adi ke bAhara jAkara arihaMta siddhoM kI sAkSI se AlocanA kare / __ yahAM tIna padoM meM bahuzruta bahu-AgamajJa nahIM hai-- (1) prAcArya upAdhyAya to niyamata: bahuzruta bahu-pAgamajJa hI hote haiM ataH inake lie isa vizeSaNa kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM hotI hai| bRhatkalpa bhASya gA. 691-692 meM kahA hai ki prAcAryAdi padavIdhara to niyamataH gItArtha hote haiM / sAmAnya bhikSu gItArtha agItArtha donoM prakAra ke hote haiM / (2) samyagdRSTi yA samajhadAra vyakti kA bahuzruta honA Avazyaka nahIM hai| vaha to kevala AlocanA sunane ke yogya hotA hai aura gItArtha aAlocaka bhikSu svayaM hI prAyazcitta svIkAra karatA hai| (3) arihaMta-siddha bhagavAn to sarvajJa sarvadarzI haiN| unake lie isa vizeSaNa kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| sUtra meM "samma bhAviyAI ceiyAI" zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, jisakA artha TIkAkAra ne isa prakAra kiyA hai "tasyApyabhAve yatrava samyagbhAvitAni-jinavacanavAsitAMtaH karaNAni devatAni pazyati tatra gatvA teSAmaMtike pAlocayet / zramaNopAsaka ke abhAva meM jinavacanoM se jinakA hRdaya suvAsita hai, aise devatA ko dekhe to usake pAsa jAkara apanI pAlocanA kare / yahAM TIkAkAra ne "ceiyAI" zabda kA "devatA" artha kiyA hai tathA use jinavacanoM se bhAvita antaHkaraNa vAlA kahA hai / "ceiya" zabda ke aneka artha zabdakoza meM batAye gaye haiN| usameM jJAnavAn, bhikSu Adi artha bhI "ceiya" zabda ke liye haiM / aneka sUtroM meM tIrthakara bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI ke lie "ceiya" zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, vahAM usa zabda se bhagavAn ko "jJAnavAn" kahA hai| upAsakadazA a. 1 meM zramaNopAsaka kI samakita sambandhI pratijJA hai| usameM anyatIthika se grahaNa kiye cetya arthAt sAdhu ko vandana-namaskAra evaM pAlApa-saMlApa karane kA tathA AhAra-pAnI dene kA niSedha hai / vahAM spaSTa rUpa se "ceiya" zabda kA bhikSu artha meM prayoga kiyA gayA hai| __ prastuta sUtra meM prayukta 'ceiya' zabda kA artha mUrtipUjaka samudAya vAle "arihaMta bhagavAna kI mUrti" bhI karate haiM, kintu vaha TIkAkAra ke artha se viparIta hai tathA pUrvApara sUtroM se viruddha bhI hai| kyoMki TIkAkAra ne yahAM antaHkaraNa zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai, vaha mUrti meM nahIM ho sakatA hai / sUtra meM samyak bhAvita caitya kA abhAva hone para arihaMta siddha kI sAkSI ke lie gAMva Adi ke bAhara jAne kA kahA hai| yadi arihaMta caitya kA artha mandira hotA to mandira meM hI arihaMta siddha kI sAkSI se AlocanA karane kA kathana hotA, gAMva ke bAhara jAne ke alaga vikalpa dene kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM hotii| ataH 'ceiya' zabda kA prastuta prakaraNa meM 'jJAnI yA samajhadAra puruSa' aisA artha karanA hI upayukta hai|
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________________ 206] [vyavahArasUtra prathama uddezaka kA sArAMza sUtra 1-14 15-18 19 20-22 23-25 eka mAsa se lekara chaha mAsa taka prAyazcittasthAna kA eka bAra yA aneka bAra sevana karake koI kapaTarahita AlocanA kare to use utane mAsa kA prAyazcitta AtA hai aura kapaTayukta aAlocanA kare to use eka mAsa adhika kA prAyazcitta AtA hai aura chaha mAsa yA usase adhika prAyazcitta hone para bhI chaha mAsa kA hI prAyazcitta prAtA hai| prAyazcitta vahana karate hae pUnaH doSa lagAkara do caubhaMgI meM se kisI bhI bhaMga se AlocanA kare to usakA prAyazcitta dekara AropaNA kara denI caahiye| pArihArika evaM apArihArika bhikSu ko eka sAtha baiThanA, rahanA Adi pravRtti nahIM karanA cAhie evaM Avazyaka ho to sthaviroM kI AjJA lekara aisA kara sakate haiM / pArihArika bhikSu zakti ho to tapa vahana karate hue sevA meM jAve aura zakti alpa ho to sthavirabhagavanta se prAjJA prApta karake tapa chor3akara bhI jA sakatA hai| mArga meM vicaraNa kI dRSTi se use kahIM jAnA yA ThaharanA nahIM caahie| roga Adi ke kAraNa jyAdA bhI Thahara sakatA hai / anyathA saba jagaha eka rAtri hI ruka sakatA hai| ekalavihArI prAcArya, upAdhyAya, gaNAvacchedaka yA sAmAnya bhikSu punaH gaccha meM Ane kI icchA kare to use tapa yA cheda prAyazcitta dekara gaccha meM rakha lenA caahie| pArzvasthAdi pAMcoM yadi gaccha meM punaH AnA cAheM aura unake kucha saMyamabhAva zeSa rahe hoM to tapa yA cheda kA prAyazcitta dekara unheM gaccha meM sammilita kara lenA caahie| kisI vizeSa paristhiti se anyaliMga dhAraNa karane vAle bhikSu ko AlocanA ke atirikta koI prAyazcitta nahIM AtA hai| koI saMyama chor3akara gRhasthaveza svIkAra kara le aura punaH gaccha meM AnA cAhe to use naI dIkSA ke sivAya koI prAyazcitta nahIM pAtA hai| yadi kisI bhikSu ko akRtyasthAna kI AlocanA karanI ho to1. apane prAcArya upAdhyAya ke pAsa kare / 2. unake abhAva meM svagaccha ke anya bahuzruta sAdhu ke pAsa AlocanA kre| 3. unake abhAva meM anyagaccha ke bahuzruta bhikSu yA prAcArya ke pAsa pAlocanA kre| 4. unake abhAva meM kevala veSadhArI bahuzruta bhikSu ke pAsa AlocanA kare / 5. usake abhAva meM dIkSA chor3e hue bahuzruta zramaNopAsaka ke pAsa AlocanA kre| 6. usake abhAva meM samyagdRSTi yA samabhAvI jJAnI ke pAsa AlocanA kare evaM svayaM prAyazcitta svIkAra kre| 26-30
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________________ prathama uddezaka] [raka7 7. evaM usake abhAva meM grAma ke bAhara arihaMta siddha prabhu ko sAkSI se AlocanA karake svayaM prAyazcitta svIkAra kara le| upasaMhAra sUtra 1-14 15-18 20-22 23-30 isa uddezaka meMprAyazcitta dene kA, prAyazcitta vahana karAne kA, pArihArika ke sAtha vyavahAra karane kA, usake sthavira kI sevA meM jAne kA, ekalavihArI yA pAvasthAdi ke punaH gaccha meM Ane kA, anyaliMga dhAraNa karane kA, veza chor3akara punaH gaNa meM Ane kI icchA vAle kA, AlocanA karane ke krama kA, ityAdi viSayoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai / m WWW m s // prathama uddezaka samApta / /
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________________ dUsarA uddezaka vicarane vAle sAdharmikoM ke parihAratapa kA vidhAna 1. do sAhammiyA egayano viharaMti, ege tattha annayaraM akiccaTThANaM paDisevittA AloejjA, ThavaNijjaM ThabaittA karaNijjaM veyAvaDiyaM / 2. do sAhammiyA egayano viharaMti, do vi te annayara prakiccaTThANaM paDisevittA AloejjA, egaM tattha kappAgaM ThavaittA ege nivisejjA, aha pacchA se vi nivisejjaa| 3. bahave sAhammiyA egayao viharaMti, ege tattha annayaraM akiccaTThANaM paDisevittA AloejjA, ThavaNijjaM ThavaittA karaNijjaM veyAvaDiyaM / 4. bahave sAhammiyA egayano viharaMti, samve vi te annayaraM akiccaTThANaM paDisevittA AloejjA, egaM tattha kappAgaM ThabaisA avasesA nivisejjA, aha pacchA se vi nivisejjaa| 5. parihArakappaTTie bhikkhU gilAemANe annayaraM akiccaTThANaM paDisevittA paaloejjaa| se ya saMtharejjA ThavaNijja ThavaittA karaNijjaM veyAvaDiyaM / se ya no saMtharejjA aNuparihArieNaM tassa karaNijjaM veyAvaDiyaM / se ya saMte bale aNuparihArieNaM koramANaM veyAvaDiyaM sAijjejjA, se vi kasiNe tattheva Aruheyabve siyaa| 1. do sAmika sAdhu eka sAtha vicarate hoM aura unameM se yadi eka sAdhu kisI akRtyasthAna kI pratisevanA karake AlocanA kare to use prAyazcitta tapa meM sthApita karake sArmika bhikSu ko usakI vaiyAvRtya karanI caahie| 2. do sArmika sAdhu eka sAtha vicarate hoM aura ve donoM hI sAdhu kisI prakRtyasthAna kI pratisevanA karake AlocanA kareM to unameM se eka ko kalpAka (agraNI) sthApita kare aura eka parihAratapa rUpa prAyazcitta ko vahana kare aura usakA prAyazcitta pUrNa hone ke bAda vaha agraNI bhI prAyazcitta ko vahana kre| 3. bahuta se sArmika sAdhu eka sAtha vicarate hoN| unameM eka sAdhu kisI akRtyasthAna kI pratisevanA karake AlocanA kare to (unameM jo pramukha sthavira ho vaha) use prAyazcitta bahana karAve aura dUsare bhikSu ko usakI vaiyAvRtya ke lie niyukta kre| 4. bahuta se sArdhAmaka sAdhu eka sAtha vicarate hoM aura ve saba kisI akRtyasthAna kI pratisevanA karake AlocanA kareM to unameM se kisI eka ko agraNI sthApita karake zeSa saba prAyazcitta vahana kareM bAda meM vaha agraNI sAdhu bhI prAyazcitta vahana kare /
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________________ dUsarA uddezaka] [289 5. parihAratapa rUpa prAyazcitta vahana karane vAlA bhikSu yadi rugNa hone para kisI prakRtyasthAna kI pratisevanA kara AlocanA kare to yadi vaha parihAratapa karane meM samartha ho to prAcAryAdi use parihAratapa rUpa prAyazcitta deM aura usakI Avazyaka sevA kraaveN|| ____yadi vaha samartha na ho to prAcAryAdi usakI vaiyAvRtya ke lie anupArihArika bhikSu ko niyukta kreN| __ yadi vaha pArihArika bhikSu sabala hote hue bhI anupArihArika bhikSu se vaiyAvRtya karAve to usakA prAyazcitta bhI pUrva prAyazcitta ke sAtha Aropita kreN| vivecana-pUrva uddezaka meM evaM bRhatkalpa u. 4 meM prAcAryAdi ke netRtva meM parihAratapa vahana karane kI vidhi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| ina sUtroM meM do yA do se adhika vicaraNa karane vAle sArmika bhikSutroM ke svataH parihAratapa vahana karane kA vidhAna hai| vicaraNa karane vAle do sArmika bhikSu yadi gItArtha haiM aura prAcArya Adi se dUra kisI kSetra meM vicaraNa kara rahe haiM athavA kisI AcAryAdi ke netRtva vinA vicaraNa kara rahe haiN| unameM se kisI eka sAdhu ko kisI doSa kI zuddhi ke lie parihAratapa vahana karanA ho to dUsarA gItArtha bhikSu usakA anuparihArika evaM kalpAka (pramukhatA karane vAlA) banatA hai| ___ yadi donoM ne eka sAtha doSa sevana kiyA hai aura donoM ko zuddhi ke lie parihAratapa vahana karanA hai to eka bhikSu ke tapa pUrNa karane ke bAda dUsarA bhikSu tapa vahana kara sakatA hai / arthAt donoM eka sAtha parihAratapa nahIM kara sakate haiM, kyoMki eka ko kalpAka yA anuparihArika rahanA Avazyaka hotA hai| aneka sArmika bhikSu vicaraNa kara rahe hoM to unameM se eka yA aneka ke parihAratapa vahana karane ke viSaya meM bhI isI prakAra samajha lenA cAhie, arthAt eka ko kalpAka rakha kara zeSa sabhI sAdhu parihAratapa vahana kara sakate haiN| pAMcaveM sUtra meM yaha vizeSa kathana hai ki yadi pArihArika bhikSu kucha rugNa hai evaM usane koI doSa kA sevana kiyA hai to usa doSa saMbaMdhI prAyazcitta kI prAropaNA bhI pUrva tapa meM kara denI caahie| yadi usake tapa vahana karane kI zakti na ho to vaha tapa karanA chor3a de aura punaH sazakta hone ke bAda usa prAyazcitta ko vahana karake pUrNa kara le| yadi vaha pArihArika bhikSu sAmAnya rugNa ho aura kisI anuparihArika dvArA sevA karane para tapa vahana kara sakatA ho to pUrvatapa ke sAtha hI punaH prApta prAyazcitta Aropita kara denA cAhie aura yathAyogya sevA karavAnI caahie| usake bIca meM yadi rugNa bhikSu svastha yA sazakta ho jAya to use sevA nahIM karavAnI caahie| svastha evaM sazakta hone ke bAda bhI yadi vaha sevA karavAtA hai to usakA bhI use prAyazcitta AtA hai, kyoMki parihAratapa vAlA bhikSu utsargavidhi se kisI kA sahayoga evaM sevA Adi nahIM le sktaa|
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________________ 290] [vyavahArasUtra rugNa bhikSuoM ko gaNa se nikAlane kA niSedha 6. parihArakappaTThiyaM bhikkhu gilAyamANaM no kappai tassa gaNAvaccheiyassa nijjUhittae, agilAe tassa karaNijja beyAvaDiyaM jAva tao rogAyaMkAo vippamukko, tao pacchA tassa ahAlahusae nAma vavahAre paTTaviyabve siyaa| 7. aNavaThThappaM bhikkhu gilAyamANaM no kappai tassa gaNAvaccheiyassa nijjUhittae, agilAe tassa karaNijjaM beyAvaDiyaM jAva tao rogayaMkAno vippamuSako, tao pacchA tassa ahAlahusae nAmaM bavahAre paTTaviyabve siyaa| 8. pAraMciyaM bhikkhu gilAyamANaM no kappai tassa gaNAvaccheiyassa nijjUhittae, agilAe tassa karaNijjaM veyAvaDiyaM jAva tao rogAyaMkAo viSpamukko, tamo pacchA tassa ahAlahusae nAmaM vavahAre paTTaviyanve siyaa| 9. khittacittaM bhikkhu gilAyamANaM no kappai tassa gaNAvaccheiyassa nijjUhittae, agilAe tassa karaNijjaM veyAvaDiyaM jAva tao rogAyaMkAo vippamukko, tano pacchA tassa prahAlahusae nAmaM vavahAre paTTaviyanve siyaa| 10. dittacittaM bhikkhu gilAyamANaM no kappai tassa gaNAvaccheiyassa nijjUhittae, agilAe tassa karaNijja veyAvaDiyaM jAva tao rogAyaMkAo viSpamukko, tao pacchA tassa ahAlahusae nAmaM vavahAre paTTaviyabve siyaa| 11. jakkhAilai bhikkhu gilAyamANaM no kappai tassa gaNAvaccheiyassa nijjahittae, agilAe tassa karaNijjaM veyAvaDiyaM jAva to rogAyaMkAyo vippamukko, tao pacchA tassa ahAlahusae nAmaM vavahAre paTTaviyabve siyaa| 12. ummAyapattaM bhikkha gilAyamANaM no kappai tassa gaNAvaccheiyassa nijjU hittae, agilAe tassa karaNijjaM veyAvaDiyaM jAva tao rogAyaMkAyo vippamukko, to pacchA tassa prahAlahusae nAmaM vavahAre paTTaviyanve siyaa| 13. uvasaggapattaM bhikkhu gilAyamANaM no kappai tassa gaNAvaccheiyassa nijjUhittae, agilAe tassa karaNijjaM veyAvaDiyaM jAva tao rogAyaMkAo viSpamukko, to pacchA tassa prahAlahusae nAma vavahAre paTTaviyabve siyaa| 14. sAhigaraNaMbhikkhu gilAyamANaM no kappai tassa gaNAvaccheiyassa nihittae, agilAe tassa karaNijjaM veyAvaDiyaM jAva tao rogAyaMkAyo viSpamukko, tao pacchA tassa prahAlahusae nAmaM vavahAre paTTaviyabve siyaa|
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________________ dUsarA uddezaka] [291 15. sapAyacchittaM bhikkhu gilAyamANaM no kappai tassa gaNAvaccheiyassa nijjUhittae, agilAe tassa karaNijjaM veyAvaDiyaM jAva tao rogAyaMkAo vippamukko, to pacchA tassa ahAlahusae nAmaM vavahAre paviyamve siyaa| 16. bhatta-pANa-paDiyAikkhiyaM bhikkhu gilAyamANaM no kappai tassa gaNAvaccheiyassa nijjUhittae, agilAe tassa karaNijjaM veyAvaDiyaM jAva tao rogAyaMkAo vippamukko, tao pacchA tassa ahAlahusae nAma bavahAre paTThaviyabve siyaa| 17. aTThajAyaM bhikkhu gilAyamANaM no kappai tassa gaNAvaccheyaissa nijjUhittae, agilAe tassa karaNijja veyAvaDiyaM jAva tao rogAyaMkAyo vippamukko, tao pacchA tassa ahAlahusae nAmaM vavahAre pachaviyabve siyaa| 6. parihAratapa rUpa prAyazcitta vahana karane vAlA bhikSu yadi rogAdi se pIDita ho jAya to gaNAvacchedaka ko use gaNa se bAhara karanA nahIM kalpatA hai, kintu jaba taka baha roga-AtaMka se mukta na ho taba taka usakI aglAnabhAva se vaiyAvRtya karanI caahie| bAda meM gaNAvacchedaka usa pArihArika bhikSu ko atyalpa prAyazcitta meM prasthApita kre| 7. anavasthApyabhikSu (navameM prAyazcitta ko vahana karane vAlA sAdhu) yadi rogAdi se pIDita ho jAya (usa prAyazcitta ko bahana na kara sake) to gaNAvacchedaka ko use gaNa se bAhara karanA nahIM kalpatA hai, kintu jaba taka vaha roga-aAtaMka se mukta na ho taba taka usakI aglAnabhAva se vaiyAvRtya karanI cAhie / bAda meM gaNAvacchedaka usa anavasthApyasAdhu ko atyalpa prAyazcitta meM prasthApita kre| 8. pAraMcittabhikSu (dasaveM prAyazcitta ko vahana karane vAlA sAdhu) yadi rogAdi se pIDita ho jAya to gaNAvacchedaka ko use gaNa se bAhara karanA nahIM kalpatA hai, kintu jaba taka vaha roga-AtaMka se mukta na ho taba taka usakI aglAnabhAva se vaiyAvRtya karanI caahie| bAda meM gaNAvacchedaka usa pAraMcitabhikSu ko atyalpa prAyazcitta meM prasthApita kre| 9. vikSiptacitta glAna-bhikSu ko gaNa se bAhara nikAlanA usake gaNAvacchedaka ko nahIM kalpatA hai| jaba taka vaha usa roga-aAtaMka se mukta na ho taba taka usakI aglAnabhAva se sevA karanI caahie| usake bAda use gaNAvacchedaka atyalpa prAyazcitta meM prasthApita kre| 10. diptacitta glAna-bhikSu ko gaNa se bAhara nikAlanA usake gaNAvacchedaka ko nahIM kalpatA hai / jaba taka vaha usa roga-AtaMka se mukta na ho taba taka usakI aglAnabhAva se sevA karanI cAhie / usake bAda use gaNAvacchedaka atyalpa prAyazcitta meM prasthApita kare / 11. yakSAviSTa glAna-bhikSu ko gaNa se bAhara nikAlanA usake gaNAvacchedaka ko nahIM kalpatA hai| jaba taka vaha usa roga-AtaMka se mukta na ho taba taka usakI aglAnabhAva se sevA karanI caahie| usake bAda use gaNAvacchedaka atyalpa prAyazcitta meM prasthApita kre|
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________________ 292] [vyavahArasUtra 12. unmAdaprApta glAna-bhikSu ko gaNa se bAhara nikAlanA usake gaNAvacchedaka ko nahIM kalpatA hai / jaba taka vaha usa roga-prAtaMka se mukta na ho taba taka usakI aglAnabhAva se sevA karanI caahie| usake bAda use gaNAvacchedaka atyalpa prAyazcitta meM prasthApita kre| 13. upasargaprApta glAna-bhikSu ko gaNa se bAhara nikAlanA usake gaNAvacchedaka ko nahIM kalpatA hai| jaba taka vaha usa roga-aAtaMka se mukta na ho taba taka usakI aglAnabhAva se sevA karanI caahie| usake bAda use gaNAvacchedaka atyalpa prAyazcitta meM prasthApita kare / 14. kalahayukta glAna-bhikSu ko gaNa se bAhara nikAlanA usake gaNAvacchedaka ko nahIM kalpatA hai| jaba taka vaha usa roga-AtaMka se mukta na ho taba taka usakI aglAnabhAva se sevA karanI caahie| usake bAda use gaNAvacchedaka atyalpa prAyazcitta meM prasthApita kre| 15. prAyazcittaprApta glAna-bhikSu ko gaNa se bAhara nikAlanA usake gaNAvacchedaka ko nahIM kalpatA hai / jaba taka vaha usa roga-AtaMka se mukta na ho taba taka usakI aglAnabhAva se sevA karanI caahie| usake bAda use gaNAvacchedaka atyalpa prAyazcitta meM prasthApita kre| 16. bhaktapratyAkhyAnI glAna-bhikSu ko gaNa se bAhara nikAlanA usake gaNAvacchedaka ko nahIM kalpatA hai| jaba taka vaha usa roga-AtaMka se mukta na ho taba taka usakI aglAnabhAva se sevA karanI caahie| usake bAda use gaNAvacchedaka atyalpa prAyazcitta meM prasthApita kre| 17. prayojanAviSTa (AkAMkSAyukta) glAna-bhikSu ko gaNa se bAhara nikAlanA usake gaNAvacchedaka ko nahIM kalpatA hai| jaba taka vaha usa roga-AtaMka se mukta na ho taba taka usakI aglAnabhAva se sevA karanI caahie| usake bAda use gaNAvacchedaka atyalpa prAyazcitta meM prasthApita kre| vivecana-ina sUtroM meM bAraha prakAra kI vibhinna avasthAoM vAle bhikSuoM kA kathana hai| ye sabhI bhikSu apanI una avasthAoM ke sAtha-sAtha rugNa bhI haiM / yadi unakI sevA karane vAle bhikSu kheda kA anubhava karate hoM to bhI jimmedAra gItArtha gaNAvacchedaka kA yaha kartavya hotA hai ki vaha usa bhikSu kI sevA kI upekSA na kare aura na hI use gaccha se alaga kare, kintu anya sevAbhAvI bhikSuoM ke dvArA usakI aglAnabhAva se sevA karavAve / bhASya meM aglAnabhAva kA artha yaha kiyA gayA hai ki rucipUrvaka yA utsAhapUrvaka sevA karanA, athavA svayaM kA kartavya samajha kara sevA karanA / ina sUtroM meM nimna guNoM kI pramukhatA hai 1. sevAkArya, 2. glAna ke prati anukaMpA bhAva, 3. saMgha kI pratiSThA / sevAkArya saMyamajIvana meM pramukha guNa hai evaM yaha eka Abhyantara tapa hai, jisakA vistRta vivecana nizItha u. 10 meM kiyA gayA hai| ThANAMga sUtra a. 3 u. 4 meM tathA bhaga za. 8 u. 8 meM tIna ko anukaMpA ke yogya kahA hai1. tapasvI (vikaTa tapa karane vAlA), 2. glAna, 3. navadIkSita / prastuta sUtroM meM bhI yahI batAyA gayA hai ki kisI bhI paristhiti meM yA prAyazcitta kAla meM yadi bhikSu rugNa ho to usakI upekSA nahIM karanA cAhie aura na hI use gaNa se nikAlanA caahie|
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________________ dUsarA uddezaka [293 glAna-bhikSu kI vaiyAvRtya (sevA) kI samucita vyavasthA hotI ho to gaccha kI evaM jinazAsana kI pratiSThA bar3hatI hai evaM dharma kI prabhAvanA hotI hai| kiMtu samucita vyavasthA ke abhAva meM, rugNa bhikSu kI sevA karane karAne meM upekSA vRtti hone para, khinna hokara sevA chor3a dene para, gaccha se nikAla dene para athavA anya pArivArika janoM ko sauMpa dene para gaccha kI evaM jinazAsana kI avahelanA yA niMdA hotI hai| ataH ina satroM meM yaha spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki ina avasthAnoM vAle bhikSoM kI bhI rugNaavasthA meM upekSA na karake aglAnabhAva se sevA karanI caahie| yadi ye rugNa na hoM to Avazyaka ho jAne para gaccha se nikAlA jA sakatA hai| sUtrokta bAraha avasthAeM isa prakAra haiM--- 1. parihAratapa vahana karane vaalaa| 2. navamA anavasthApya prAyazcitta vahana karane vaalaa| 3. dasavAM pArAMcika prAyazcitta vahana karane vaalaa| 4. atyaMta zoka yA bhaya se vikSiptacitta vAlA-unmata / 5. harSAtireka se bhramitacitta vAlA-unmata / 6. yakSAveza (bhUta-preta Adi kI pIDA) se pIDita / 7. mohodaya se unmatta-pAgala / 8. kisI deva, pazu yA rAjA Adi ke upasarga se pIDita / 9. tIvra kaSAya-kalaha se pIDita / . 10. kisI bar3e doSa ke sevana se prAyazcittaprApta / 11. prAjIvana anazana svIkAra kiyA huaa| 12. ziSyaprApti, padalipsA Adi kisI icchA se vyAkula banA huaa| bhASyakAra ne ina sUtroM meM prayukta 'nijjahittae' zabda se gaccha se nikAlane kA artha na karake kevala usakI sevA meM upekSA nahIM karane kA hI artha kiyA hai tathA 'aTTajAyaM' zabda se 'saMkaTagrasta pArivArika janoM ke lie dhanaprApti kI AkAMkSA vAlA bhikSu' aisA artha karate hue vistRta vyAkhyA kI hai| uparyukta gyAraha avasthAoM ke sAtha evaM sUtrokta vidhAna meM 'artha-jAta' zabda kA 'icchAoM se vyAkula bhikSu' aisA artha karanA prasaMgasaMgata pratIta hotA hai| 'prahAlahusae nAmaM vavahAre paTTaviyatve siyA' isa sUtrAMza kI vyAkhyA karate hue bhASyakAra ne yathA-ladhu evaM yathA-guru ke aneka bheda-prabheda kiye haiM tathA unakA samaya evaM usameM kiye jAne vAle tapa kA nirdeza kiyA hai| sUtrokta 'vavahAra' zabda kI vyAkhyA karate hue batAyA hai ki vyavahAra, pAlocanA, vizuddhi aura prAyazcitta, ye ekArthaka zabda haiN| prathama uddezaka ke prArambhika sUtroM meM parihAra' zabda bhI prAyazcitta artha kA dyotaka hai / yathA 'bhikkhu ya mAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM paDisevittA pAloejjA' arthAt bhikSu eka mAsa ke prAyazcittayogya doSasthAna kA sevana karake AlocanA kre| nizIthasUtra ke 19 uddezakoM ke antima sUtra meM bhI prAyazcitta artha meM 'parihAra' zabda prayukta hai|
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________________ 294] [vyavahArasUtra yathAlaghuSka prAyazcitta kA artha ___ yathAlaghuSkavavahAraM paMcadinaparimANa nirvikRtika kurvan pUrayati / yadi vA--yathAlaghuSke vyavahAre prasthApayitavyaM ya pratipannavyavahAraH tapaH prAyazcitta evamevAlocanA-pradAna-mAtrataH zuddhaH kriyate, kAraNe yatanayA pratisevanAt / --TIkA/bhA. gA. 96 bhAvArtha-laghu prAyazcitta pAMca dina kA hotA hai jo vigayoM kA tyAga karake pUrNa kiyA jAtA hai| athavA kAraNa se yatanApUrvaka doSa kA sevana karane para, atyalpa maryAdA bhaMga karane para, paravaza avasthA meM maryAdA bhaMga ho jAne para kevala AlocanA prAyazcitta mAtra se usakI zuddhi kI jA sakatI hai arthAt use taparUpa prAyazcitta nahIM diyA jAtA hai aura dasa prakAra ke prAyazcittoM meM prathama Alo. canA prAyazcitta hone se ise 'yathAlaghuSka' arthAt laghu (sarvajaghanya) prAyazcitta kahA jAtA hai| ___ina sUtroM meM evaM Age ke sUtroM meM prAcArya upAdhyAya kA nirdeza na karake gaNAvacchedaka kA nirdeza kiyA hai / isase yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki gaccha meM sevA evaM prAyazcitta ke kAryoM kI pramukha jimmedArI gaNAvacchedaka kI hotI hai / anavasthApya aura pArAMcika bhikSu kI upasthApanA 18. praNavaTThappaM bhikkhu apihibhUyaM no kappai tassa gaNAvaccheiyassa uvtttthaavitte| 19. aNavaThThappaM bhikkhu gihibhUyaM kappai tassa gaNAvaccheiyassa uvtttthaavitte| 20. pAraMciyaM bhikkhuagihibhUyaM no kappai tassa gaNAvaccheiyassa uvtttthaavitte| 21. pAraMciyaM bhikkhu gihibhUyaM kappai tassa gaNAvaccheiyassa uvaTThAvittae / 22. aNavaThThappaM bhikkhu pAraMciyaM vA bhikkhu agihibhUyaM vA gihibhUyaM vA, kappai tassa gaNAvaccheiyassa uvaTThAvittae, jahA tassa gaNassa pattiyaM siyaa| 18. anavasthApya nAmaka nauveM prAyazcitta ke pAtra bhikSu ko gRhasthaveSa dhAraNa karAe vinA punaH saMyama meM upasthApana karanA gaNAvacchedaka ko nahIM kalpatA hai| 19. anavasthApyabhikSu ko gRhasthaveSa dhAraNa karAke punaH saMyama meM upasthApana karanA gaNAvacchedaka ko kalpatA hai| ___20. pAraMcita nAmaka dasaveM prAyazcitta ke pAtra bhikSu ko gRhasthaveSa dhAraNa karAe vinA punaH saMyama meM upasthApana karanA gaNAvacchedaka ko nahIM kalpatA hai| 21. pAraMcitabhikSu ko gRhasthaveSa dhAraNa karavAkara puna: saMyama meM upasthApana karanA gaNAvacchedaka ko kalpatA hai| 22. anavasthApyabhikSu ko aura pAraMcitabhikSu ko (paristhitivaza) gRhastha kA veSa dhAraNa
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________________ dUsarA uddezaka] [295 karAke yA gRhastha kA veSa dhAraNa karAe vinA bhI punaH saMyama meM upasthApita karanA gaNAvacchedaka ko kalpatA hai, jisase ki gaNa kA hita saMbhava ho| vivecana--nauveM aura dasaveM prAyazcitta yogya bhikSu ko jaghanya chaha mAsa, utkRSTa bAraha varSa taka kA viziSTa tapa rUpa prAyazcitta diyA jAtA hai aura usa tapa ke pUrNa hone para use eka bAra gRhastha kA veSa dhAraNa karavAyA jAtA hai / tatpazcAt use chedopasthApanIya cAritra diyA jAtA hai| uparyukta cAra sUtroM meM gRhastha kA veSa pahanAne kA vidhAna karake pAMcaveM sUtra meM apavAda kA kathana kiyA gayA hai / jisakA bhAva yaha hai ki kisI viziSTa vyakti ko gRhastha nahIM banAnA hI ucita lage to gaNAvacchedaka apane nirNayAnusAra kara sakatA hai / arthAt jisa taraha karane meM use gaccha kA yA jinazAsana kA atyadhika hita saMbhava ho vaisA hI kara sakatA hai| bhASyakAra ne gRhastha na banAne ke kucha kAraNa ye kahe haiM1. jisane kisI rAjA ko saMgha ke anukUla banAyA ho / 2. jise gRhastha na banAne ke lie kisI rAjA kA Agraha ho| 3. gaNa ke sAdhuoM ne jise dveSavaza asatya AkSepa se vaha prAyazcitta dilavAyA ho aura vaha anya gaNa ke pAsa punaH AlocanA kare to| 4. usa prAyazcittaprApta bhikSu yA prAcArya ke aneka ziSyoM kA Agraha ho / 5. apane upakArI ko kaThora prAyazcitta dene ke kAraNa unake aneka ziSya saMyama chor3ane ko udyata hoN| 6. usa prAyazcitta ke saMbaMdha meM do gaNoM meM vivAda ho / ityAdi paristhitiyoM meM tathA anya bhI aise kAraNoM se usa bhikSu ko gRhastha banAye binA bhI upasthApana kara denA caahie| akRtyasevana kA AkSepa evaM usake nirNaya karane kI vidhi 23. do sAhammiyA gayao viharaMti, ege tattha annayaraM akiccaTThANaM paDisevittA pAloejjA ahaM NaM bhaMte ! amugeNaM sAhuNA siddhi imammi kAraNammi pddisevii| se ya pucchiyavve "ki paDisevI, apaDisevI" ? se ya vaejjA-"paDisevI" prihaarptte| se ya vaejjA-"no paDisevI" no prihaarptte| jaM se pamANaM vayai se pamANAmro gheyanve / pa0-se kimAhu bhaMte ? u0--saccapainnA vvhaaraa| 23. do sArmika eka sAtha vicarate hoM, unameM se eka sAdhu kisI akRtyasthAna kI pratisevanA karake AlocanA kare
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________________ [vyavahArasUtra 'he bhagavan ! maiMne amuka sAdhu ke sAtha amuka kAraNa ke hone para doSa kA sevana kiyA hai| (usake isa prakAra kahane para) dUsare sAdhu se pUchanA cAhie-- 'kyA tuma pratisevI ho yA apratisevI ?' yadi vaha kahe ki 'maiM pratisevI haiM' to vaha prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| yadi vaha kahe ki 'maiM pratisevI nahIM hU~', to vaha prAyazcitta kA pAtra nahIM hai aura jo bhI vaha pramANa de, unase nirNaya karanA caahie| pra0-he bhagavan ! aisA kahane kA kyA kAraNa hai ? u0-satya pratijJA vAle bhikSuSoM ke satya kathana para vyavahAra (prAyazcitta) nirbhara hotA hai / vivecana yadi koI bhikSu vicaraNa karake pAe~ aura apanI AlocanA karate hue, koI dUsare sAdhu ko bhI doSasevana karane vAlA kahe to aisA kahane meM usa sAdhu kA dUsare sAdhu ke prati dveSa ho sakatA hai yA dIkSAparyAya meM use kisI se choTA banAne kA saMkalpa ho sakatA hai| isalie vaha asatya AkSepa karatA hai aura apane AkSepa ko satya siddha karane ke lie vaha svayaM bhI doSI banakara AlocanA karane kA dikhAvA karatA hai| bhASyakAra ne yaha bhI kahA hai ki vaha AlocanA karate hue apanA aura anya bhikSu kA maithunasevana karanA taka bhI svIkAra kara letA hai| isa prakAra chala karake dUsare sAdhu ko kalaMkita karanA cAhatA hai / aisI paristhiti meM zAstrakAra ne vivekapUrvaka nirNaya karane ke nimna upAya batAye haiM __AlocanA sunane vAlA gItArtha bhikSu anya bhikSu se jaba taka pUrNa jAnakArI na kara le taba taka use kisI prakAra kA nirNaya nahIM karanA caahie| yadi pUchane para anya bhikSu doSasevana karanA svIkAra nahIM kare aura kucha spaSTIkaraNa kare to use sAvadhAnIpUrvaka sunanA caahie| tadanantara AkSepa lagAne vAle se doSa-sevana kA sthAna (kSetra) yA usa doSa se sambandhita vyakti kI jAnakArI karanA caahie| phira una donoM ke kathana evaM pramANoM para pUrNa vicAra karake nirNaya karanA caahie| koI prabala pramANa na ho to doSasevana ko asvIkAra karane vAle bhikSu ko kisI prakAra kA prAyazcitta nahIM denA caahie| AkSepakartA ne doSasevana kiyA ho yA na kiyA ho to asatya AkSepa karane para use usa doSasevana kA prAyazcitta AtA hI hai| yadi AlocanA karane vAlA satya kathana kara rahA ho, kintu anya bhikSu apanA doSa svIkAra na kare aura Alocaka use pramANita bhI na kara sake, taba bhI doSa asvIkAra karane vAle ko koI prAyazcitta nahIM diyA jA sktaa| kyoMki bhikSu satya vacana kI pratijJA vAle hote haiN| ataH svayaM ke svIkAra karane para hI use prAyazcitta diyA jA sakatA hai| pramANa ke binA kevala kisI ke kahane se use prAyazcitta nahIM diyA jA sakatA hai / AlocanA karane vAlA apane kathana kI satyatA ko pramANita kara de evaM gItArtha prAyazcittadAtA ko una pramANoM ko satyatA samajha meM A jAya aura usase sambandhita bhikSu doSa ko svIkAra kara le tabhI use prAyazcitta diyA jAtA hai| kadAcit doSa pramANita hone para bhI sambandhita bhikSu use svIkAra na kare to prAyazcittadAtA gaccha ke anya gItArtha bhikSuoM kI salAha
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________________ dUsarA uddezaka] [297 lekara usakA prAyazcitta ghoSita kara sakate haiM evaM prAyazcitta ko asvIkAra karane para use gaccha se alaga bhI kara sakate haiN| asatya AkSepa lagAne vAle ko vahI prAyazcitta dene kA kathana bRhatkalpa uddezaka 6 meM hai tathA gItArtha yA prAcArya pradatta Agamokta prAyazcitta ke svIkAra na karane vAle ko gaccha se alaga karane kA kathana bRhatkalpa uddezaka 4 meM hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki gacchapramukha kevala eka pakSa ke kathana se nirNaya evaM vyavahAra na kare, kintu ubhaya pakSa ke kathana ko sunakara ucita nirNaya karake prAyazcitta de| saMdigdhAvasthA meM arthAt samyak prakAra se nirNaya na hone para doSI vyakti ko prAyazcitta nahIM denA caahie| aisA karane meM prAyazcittadAtA ko koI doSa nahIM lagatA hai, kintu doSI vyakti svayaM hI apanI saMyamavirAdhanA ke phala ko prApta kara letA hai| doSasevana pramANoM se siddha ho jAe evaM spaSTa nirNaya ho jAe to doSI ke asvIkAra karane para bhI prAyazcitta denA anivArya ho jAtA hai, anyathA gaccha meM avyavasthA phaila jAtI hai aura lokanindA bhI hotI hai| ataH gItArtha bhikSuoM ko evaM gacchapramukhoM ko vivekapUrvaka sUtrokta prAyazcitta dene kA nirNaya karanA cAhie / saMyama tyAgane kA saMkalpa evaM punarAgamana 24. bhikkhU ya gaNApro avakkamma ohANuppehI bajejjA, se ya aNohAie icchejjA doccaM pi tameva gaNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM biharittae, tattha NaM therANaM imeyArave vivAe samuppajjitthA 'imaM bho ! jANaha ki paDisevI, apaDisevI ?' se ya pucchiyavve.---ki paDisevI, apaDisevI ?' se ya vaejjA-'paDisevI' parihArapatte / se ya vaejjA-'no paDisevI' no parihArapatte / jaM se pamANaM vayai se pamANAmro gheyamve / 50-se kimAhu bhaMte ? u0-saccapainnA vvhaaraa| 24. saMyama tyAgane kI icchA se yadi koI sAdhu gaNa se nikalakara jAe aura bAda meM asaMyama sevana kie binA hI vaha Aye aura punaH apane gaNa meM sammilita honA cAhe to ( gaNa meM lene ke sambandha meM ) sthaviroM meM yadi vivAda utpanna ho jAe (ve paraspara kahane lage ki) kyA tuma jAnate ho--yaha pratisevI hai yA apratisevI ? (aisI sthiti meM Agama kA vidhAna hai ki sthaviroM ko) usa bhikSu se hI pUchanA cAhiekyA tuma pratisevI ho yA apratisevI ? yadi vaha kahe ki-"maiM pratisevI huuN|" to vaha prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| yadi vaha For Private & Personal use only
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________________ 298] [vyavahArasUtra kahe ki "maiM pratisevI nahIM huuN|" to vaha prAyazcitta kA pAtra nahIM hotA hai aura jo vaha pramANa deve unase nirNaya karanA caahie| pra0--he bhagavan ! aisA kahane kA kyA kAraNa hai ? u0-satya pratijJA vAle bhikSuoM ke satya kathana para vyavahAra (prAyazcitta) nirbhara hotA hai| vivecana--prathama uddezaka ke 32veM sUtra meM saMyama kA parityAga karake gRhastha bana jAne vAle bhikSu ke punaH gaNa meM Akara dIkSita hone kA kathana hai aura isa sUtra meM saMyama tyAgane ke saMkalpa se anyatra jAkara vicAroM meM parivartana A jAne se punaH lauTa kara Ane vAle bhikSu kA kathana hai / vaha calacitta bhikSu punaH usI dina A sakatA hai, eka do rAtri vyatIta karake bhI A sakatA hai aura aneka dinoM ke bAda bhI lauTakara A sakatA hai| lauTakara Ane vAlA bhikSu apane vicAra-parivartana kA evaM unake kAraNoM kA spaSTIkaraNa karatA huyA gaccha meM rahanA cAhe to usa samaya yadi gaccha ke gItArtha sthaviroM ke vicAroM meM ekarUpatA na ho arthAt kisI ko yaha sandeha ho ki yaha isa avadhi meM kisI na kisI doSa kA sevana karake AyA hogA, usa samaya gacchapramukha usa bhikSu ko pUche yA anya kisI se jAnakArI karake nirNaya kare / yadi prAmANika jAnakArI na mile to usa bhikSu ke uttara ke anusAra hI nirNaya karanA cAhie arthAt vaha doSasevana karanA svIkAra kare to use usakA prAyazcitta deve| yadi vaha doSa svIkAra na kare to kisI ke sandeha karane mAtra se use prAyazcitta na de| kintu saMyama tyAgane ke saMkalpa kA evaM usa saMkalpa se anyatra jAne kA use yathocita prAyazcitta diyA jA sakatA hai evaM use gaccha meM sammilita kiyA jA sakatA hai| saMyama chor3ane ke saMkalpa na karane kA varNana aura saMyama chor3ane ke kAraNoM kA varNana tathA puna: gaNa meM Ane para parIkSaNa karane kA varNana prathama uddezaka ke 32veM sUtra ke vivecana meM dekheN| yahAM bhASyakAra ne saMyama chor3ane ke saMkalpa ke kucha vizeSa kAraNa kahe haiM, jinakA sambandha pUrva sUtra 23 se kiyA hai tathA vicAroM ke puna: parivartana hone ke bhI kucha kAraNa kahe haiN| saMyama tyAgane ke karANa 1. asatya prAkSepa lagAne vAlA svayaM hI daNDita ho jAne se khinna hokara saMyama chor3ane kA saMkalpa kara sakatA hai| 2. satya kahane vAlA kabhI apane kathana ko pramANita nahIM kara pAtA hai, taba anyAya se udvigna hokara saMyama tyAgane kA saMkalpa kara sakatA hai| 3. koI sAdhu doSa-sevana kara chipAnA cAhatA ho kintu dUsare ke dvArA prakaTa kara dene se evaM pramANita kara dene se lajjita hokara vaha saMyama tyAgane kA saMkalpa kara sakatA hai| 4. kisI ke chala-chadmoM se bhI gItArthoM dvArA yadi galata nirNaya ho jAe, jisase asantuSTa hokara koI saMyama tyAgane kA saMkalpa kara sakatA hai|
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________________ dUsarA uddezaka] [299 punaH gaNa meM Ane ke kAraNa 1. usake sAtha bheje gae sAdhunoM ke samajhAne se / 2. prAmAdi ke kisI pramukha vyakti ke samajhAne se / 3. pArivArika logoM ke samajhAne se| 4. cintana-manana karate-karate yA vairAgyaprada AgamasUtroM ke smaraNa hone se / 5. kaSAya evaM kalaha ke upazAMta ho jAne se / 6. viSayecchA se jAne vAle ko sva-strI ke kAladharma prApta hone kI jAnakArI mila jAne se| 7. ghara kA sampUrNa dhana vinaSTa hone kI jAnakArI hone se / 8. parivAra ke loga ghara meM nahIM rakheMge, aisA jJAta hone se / 9. dharma kI azraddhA ho jAne para saMyama tyAgane vAle ko phira kabhI kisI dRzya ke dekhane para punaH dharma meM zraddhA ho jAne se| 10. mArga meM hI atyanta bImAra ho jAne se athavA kaSTa yA upasarga A jAne se yaha vicAra pAe ki saMyama tyAgane ke saMkalpa se puNya naSTa hokara pApa kA udaya ho rahA hai, ataH saMyamapAlana karanA hI zreyaskara hai| 11. koI mitra deva ke pratibodha dene se / bhASyakAra ne yaha bhI spaSTa kahA hai ki bhikSu yadi saMyamatyAga ke saMkalpa kI jAnakArI gacchapramukhoM ko deve to gacchapramukha use aneka upAyoM se sthira kre| taduparAMta bhI vaha jAnA cAhe to use pahu~cAne ke lie 1-2 kuzala bhikSuoM ko sAtha bheje, jo use 1-2 rAtri taka yA gaMtavyasthAna taka paha~cAne jaaeN| ve mArga meM bhI use yathocita salAha deveM aura anta meM usake gaMtavyasthAna jaaeN| isa bIca kabhI bhI usake vicAra punaH saMyama meM sthira ho jAe~ to use sAtha lAkara gacchapramukha ke supurda kara deN| usake puna: na Ane para bhI sAtha meM bheje sAdhu gacchapramukha ko mArga meM huI bAtoM kI pUrI jAnakArI deN| sAtha bheje gae bhikSuoM ke lauTane ke bAda vicAroM meM parivartana hone para vaha pIche se akelA yA jAe taba sUtrokta vivAda kI sthiti utpanna ho sakatI hai| saMyama tyAgane ke saMkalpa vAlA bhikSu sUcanA dekara bhI jA sakatA hai aura sUcanA diye vinA bhI jA sakatA hai| donoM prakAra se jAne vAlA bhikSu saMyama tyAga kiye vinA punaH A sakatA hai aura saMyama tyAga kara bhI punaH pA sakatA hai / prastuta sUtra meM saMyama kA tyAga kiye vinA Ane vAle bhikSu ke sambandha meM sArA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| ekapakSIya bhikSu ko pada dene kA vidhAna 25. egapakkhiyassa bhikkhussa kappai Ayariya-uvajjhAyANaM ittariya disaM vA aNudisaM vA uddisittae vA, dhArettae vA, jahA vA tassa gaNassa pattiyaM siyaa| 25. ekapakSIya arthAt eka hI prAcArya ke pAsa dIkSA aura zruta grahaNa karane vAle bhikSu ko
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________________ 300] [vyavahArasUtra alpakAla ke lie athavA yAvajjIvana ke lie prAcArya yA upAdhyAya pada para sthApita karanA yA use dhAraNa karanA kalpatA hai athavA paristhitivaza kabhI jisameM gaNa kA hita ho vaisA bhI kiyA jA sakatA vivecana--prAcArya upAdhyAya ko apanI upasthiti meM hI saMgha kI vyavasthA barAbara banI rahe, isake lie yogya AcArya aura upAdhyAya kI niyukti kara denA caahie| alpakAlika padaniyukti ke kAraNa 1. vartamAna AcArya ko kisI viziSTa roga kI cikitsA karane ke lie athavA mohacikitsA hetu viziSTa tapasAdhanA karane ke lie saMghabhAra se mukta honA ho, 2. anya prAcArya upAdhyAya ke pAsa adhyayana karane hetu jAnA ho, athavA unheM adhyayana karAne evaM sahayoga dene jAnA ho, 3. paristhitivaza alpakAla ke lie saMyama chor3anA Avazyaka ho, 4. padaniyukti ke samaya para yogya bhikSu kA Avazyaka adhyayana apUrNa ho, ityAdi paristhitiyoM meM alpakAlika pada diyA jAtA hai| jIvanaparyaMta padaniyukti ke kAraNa 1. AcArya upAdhyAya ko apanA maraNa-samaya nikaTa hone kA jJAna hone para / 2. ativRddhatA yA dIrghakAlIna asAdhya roga ho jAne para / 3. prAcArya upAdhyAya ko jinakalpa Adi koI viziSTa sAdhanA karanA ho| 4. prAcArya ko saMyama kA pUrNatayA tyAga karanA ho / 5. brahmacarya kA pAlana karanA azakya ho| 6. svagaccha kA tyAga kara anyagaccha meM jAnA ho| ina sthitiyoM meM AcArya padayogya bhikSu ko jIvanaparyaMta ke lie pada diyA jAtA hai / bhASyakAra ne yahAM do prakAra ke prAcArya kahe haiM-1. sApekSa, 2. nirapekSa / jo apane jIvanakAla meM hI ucita avasara para yogya bhikSu ko apane pada para niyukta kara detA hai, vaha 'sApekSa' kahA jAtA hai| jo ucita avasara para yogya bhikSu ko apane pada para niyukta nahIM karatA hai aura upekSA karatA huaA kAla kara jAtA hai yA ayogya ko niyukta karatA hai, vaha "nirapekSa" kahA jAtA hai / kyoMki usake kAla karane ke bAda gaccha meM kaSAya kalaha Adi kI vaddhi ho jAtI hai, jisase gaccha kI vyavasthA bhaMga ho jAtI hai| sUtra meM kahe gae ekapAkSika zabda kI vyAkhyA duviho ya egapakkhI, pavajja sue ya hoI nAyanco / suttammi egavAyaNa, pavajjAe kulivaadii|| -- vyava. bhASya gA. 325 bhAvArtha-ekapAkSika do prakAra kA hotA hai-1. zruta se 2. pravrajyA se /
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________________ dUsarA uddezaka 301 jisane eka guru ke pAsa hI vAcanA grahaNa kI ho athavA jisakA zrutajJAna evaM arthajJAna prAcAryAdi ke samAna ho, unameM bhinnatA na ho, vaha zruta se ekapAkSika kahA jAtA hai| jo eka hI kula gaNa evaM saMgha meM pravajita hokara sthiratA se rahA ho athavA jisane eka gacchavartI sAdhuoM ke sAtha nivAsa adhyayanAdi kiyA ho vaha pravrajyA se ekapAkSika kahA jAtA hai| bhASyakAra ne ina do padoM se cAra bhaMga isa prakAra kiye haiM-- 1. pravrajyA aura zruta se ekpaakssik| 2. pravrajyA se ekapAkSika, zruta se nhiiN| 3. zruta se ekapAkSika kintu pravrajyA se nahIM / 4. pravrajyA evaM zruta donoM se ekapAkSika nhiiN| inameM prathama bhaMga vAle ko hI pada para niyukta karanA cAhie, anya bhaMga vAlA pUrNa rUpa se ekapAkSika nahIM hotaa| sUtra meM antima vAkya se prApavAdika vidhAna bhI kiyA hai ki kisI vizeSa paristhiti meM pUrNa ekapAkSika evaM padayogya bhikSu na ho to jaisA gaNa-pramukhoM ko gaNa ke lie ucita lage vaisA kara sakate haiN| __ bhASyakAra ne yahAM yaha spaSTa kiyA hai ki ApavAdika sthiti meM bhI tRtIya bhaMgavartI ko arthAt jo zruta se sarvathA ekapAkSika ho to use pada para niyukta karanA caahie| kintu dUsare aura cauthe bhaMgavartI ko pada paraniyukta karane se AcArya ko gurucaumAsI prAyazcitta pAtA hai tathA vaha prAjJA-bhaMga Adi doSoM ko prApta karatA hai| ataH jo alpazruta na ho kintu bahuzruta ho evaM zruta se ekapAkSika ho, use paristhitivaza pada para niyukta kiyA jA sakatA hai / bhASyakAra ne gA. 333 meM alpazruta ko bhI ekapAkSika na kaha kara anekapAkSika kahA hai| zruta se ekapAkSika na hone ke doSa 1. bhinna vAcanA hone se aneka viSayoM meM ziSyoM ko saMtuSTa nahIM kara sakatA hai| 2. bhinna prakAra se prarUpaNA karane para gaccha meM vivAda utpanna hotA hai| 3. bhinna-bhinna prarUpaNAoM ke prAgraha se kalaha utpanna hokara gaccha chinna-bhinna ho jAtA hai| 4. alpazruta ho to prazna-pratipraznoM kA samAdhAna nahIM kara sakatA, jisase ziSyoM ko anya gaccha meM jAkara pUchanA par3atA hai / 5. anya gaccha vAle agItArtha yA gItArtha ziSyoM ko zruta ke nimitta se prAkRSTa kara apanI nizrA meM kara sakate haiM, jisase gaNa meM kSati, azAnti evaM avyavasthA utpanna ho jAtI hai| pravajyA se ekapAkSika na hone ke doSa 1. anya kula gaNa kI pravrajyA vAlA AcArya bana jAne para bhI gaNa ke sAdhuoM ko apanA nahIM mAnatA hai|
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________________ 302] [vyavahArasUtra 2. gaNa ke kaI sAdhu AcArya ko apanA nahIM mAnate haiN| 3. donoM ke hRdaya meM pUrNa AtmIyatA na hone se prema yA anuzAsana meM vRddhi nahIM hotI hai, kintu upekSAbhAva evaM anuzAsanahInatA kI vRddhi hotI hai / 4. paraspara prAtmIyabhAva na hone se svArthavRtti evaM ziSyalobha se kalaha Adi utpanna hote haiM, jisase jinazAsana kI hIlanA hotI hai| 5. bhASyakAra ne yaha bhI batAyA hai adhika lambA samaya bIta jAne para bhI donoM meM parAyepana kA bhAva naSTa nahIM hotA hai, jisase gaccha meM bheda utpanna ho jAte haiN| isalie prathama bhaMgavartI ekapAkSika bhikSu ko hI AcAryAdi pada para alpakAla ke liye yA jIvanaparyaMta ke lie sthApita karanA cAhie / sUtragata prApavAdika vidhAna kI vyAkhyA karate hue bhASyakAra ne sarvaprathama tIsare bhaMga vAle arthAt zruta se ekapAkSika bhikSu ko hI pada para niyukta karane ko kahA hai| prathama evaM tRtIya bhaMga vAle yogya sAdhu ke abhAva meM jaba kisI ko prAcArya Adi pada denA Avazyaka ho jAya taba krama se dUsare yA cauthe bhaMga vAle ko bhI pada diyA jA sakatA hai| kyoMki jisa gaNa meM aneka sAdhu-sAdhviyoM kA samudAya ho aura jisameM navadIkSita, taruNa yA bAlavaya vAle sAdhusAdhvI hoM, unheM prAcArya upAdhyAya yA pravartinI ke binA rahane kA vyava. u. 3 sU. 11-12 meM sarvathA niSedha kiyA hai| vahAM yaha bhI batAyA hai ki zramaNa nirgrantha do padavIdharoM ke adhInastha hI rahate haiM aura zramaNI nirgranthiyAM tIna padavIdharoM ke netRtva meM rahatI haiN| yadi paristhitivaza kisI bhI bhaMga vAle anekapAkSika bhikSu ko AcArya Adi pada diyA jAya to vaha ina guNoM se yukta honA cAhie 1. prakRti se komala svabhAva vAlA ho| 2. gaccha ke samasta sAdhu-sAdhviyAM usake prAcArya hone meM sammata hoN| 3. vaha vinayaguNa-saMpanna ho| .. ... 4. prAcArya sAdhu Adi ke gRhasthajIvana kA svajana saMbaMdhI ho athavA aneka sAdhu-sAdhviyAM usake gRhasthajIvana ke saMbaMdhI hoN| 5. jisane gaNa meM apane vyavahAra se prAtmIyatA sthApita kara lI ho| ityAdi aneka guNoM se saMpanna ho to usa anekapAkSika bhikSu ko bhI prAcArya prAdi pada para niyukta kiyA jA sakatA hai| jisa gaNa meM aneka gItArtha bhikSu ziSyAdi kI Rddhi se saMpanna hoM to eka ko mUla prAcArya evaM usake sadRza guNasaMpanna eka ko upAdhyAya pada para niyukta karanA caahie| usake bAda jo ziSyasaMpadA se paripUrNa ho evaM prAcArya ke lakSaNoM se yukta ho use bhI prAcArya yA upAdhyAya Adi padoM para niyukta karanA cAhie aura vaise lakSaNa yukta na ho to sthavira Adi pada se vibhUSita karanA caahie| kiMtu jinake prabhUta ziSya na hoM, unako eka mukhya prAcArya ke anuzAsana meM hI rahanA caahie|
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________________ dUsarA uddezaka] [303 mukhya prAcArya se jo dIkSA paryAya meM adhika hoM evaM zrutasaMpadA se saMpanna bhI hoM, kiMtu AcArya upAdhyAya pada ke yogya na hoM to unheM sthavira Adi pada se sammAnita karanA caahie| __yadi anya bhikSu prAcArya se adhika dIkSA paryAya vAle na hoM yA zrutasampadA vAle na hoM to sabhI sAdhuoM ko eka hI prAcArya upAdhyAya ke anuzAsana meM rahanA cAhie / pArihArika aura apArihArikoM ke paraspara AhAra-sambandhI vyavahAra ___ 26. bahave pArihAriyA bahave apArihAriyA icchejjA egayao egamAsaM vA, dumAsaM thA, timAsaM vA, cAumAsaM vA, paMcamAsaM vA, chammAsaMvA vathae, te annamannaM saMbha jaMti, annamannaM no saMbhujaMti, mAsaM te, tao pacchA savve vi egayao sNbhujNti| 27. parihArakappaTThiyassa bhikkhussa no kappai asaNaM vA jAva sAimaM vA dAuM vA aNuppadAuM vaa| therA ya NaM vaejjA-'imaM tA prajjo ! tuma eesi dehi vA aNuppadehi vA / ' evaM se kappai dAuM vA, aNuppadAuM vaa| kappai se levaM aNujANAvettae, 'aNujANaha bhaMte ! levAe' evaM se kappaDa levaM samAsevittae / 28. parihArakappar3hie bhikkhU saeNaM paDiggaheNaM bahiyA appaNo veyAvaDiyAe gacchejjA, therA yaNaM vaejjA 'paDiggAhehi prajjo! - ahaM pi bhokkhAmi vA pAhAmi vA', evaM se kappai pddiggaahette| tattha se no kappai aparihArieNaM parihAriyassa paDiggahaMsi asaNaM vA jAba sAimaM vA bhottae vA pAyae vaa| kappai se sayaMsi vA paDiggahaMsi, sayaMsi vA palAsagaMsi, sayaMsi vA kamaNDalaMsi, sayaMsi yA khubbhagaMsi, sayaMsi vA pANisi uddhaTu-uddhaTu bhottae vA pAyae vaa| esa kappo aparihAriyassa prihaariyaano| 29. parihArakampaTThie bhikkhU therANaM paDiggaheNaM bahiyA therANaM veyAvaDiyAe gacchejjA, therA yaNaM vaejjA__'paDiggAhehi ajjo ! tumaMpi pacchA bhokkhasi vA pAhisi vA', evaM se kappai pddiggaahette| tattha se no kappai parihArieNaM aparihAriyassa paDiggahaMsi asaNaM vA jAva sAimaM vA bhottae vA pAyae vaa|
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________________ 304] [vyavahArasUtra kappaha se sayaMsi vA paDiggahaMsi, sayaMsi vA palAsagaMsi, sayaMsi vA kamaNDalaMsi, sayaMsi vA khumbhagaMsi, sayaMsi vA pANisi udghaTu-uddhaTTa bhottae bA pAyae baa| esa kappo parihAriyassa aprihaariyaao| 26. aneka pArihArika aura aneka apArihArika bhikSu yadi eka, do, tIna, cAra, pAMca, chaha mAsa paryanta eka sAtha rahanA cAheM to pArihArika bhikSu pArihArika bhikSu ke sAtha aura apArihArika bhikSu apArihArika bhikSu ke sAtha baiThakara AhAra kara sakate haiM, kintu pArihArika bhikSu apArihArika bhikSu ke sAtha baiThakara nahIM kara sakate / ve sabhI (pArihArika aura apArihArika) bhikSu chaha mAsa tapa ke aura eka mAsa pAraNe kA bItane para eka sAtha baiThakara AhAra kara sakate haiN| 27. apArihArika bhikSu ko pArihArika bhikSu ke lie azana yAvat svAdima AhAra denA yA nimantraNa karake denA nahIM kalpatA hai| yadi sthavira kahe ki- "he Arya ! tuma ina pArihArika bhikSuoM ko yaha AhAra do yA nimantraNa karake do|" aisA kahane para use AhAra denA yA nimantraNa karake denA kalpatA hai| parihArakalpasthita bhikSu yadi lepa (ghRtAdi vikRti) lenA cAhe to sthavira kI prAjJA se use lenA kalpatA hai| "he bhagavan ! mujhe ghRtAdi vikRti lene kI AjJA pradAna kreN|" isa prakAra sthavira se prAjJA lene ke bAda use ghRtAdi vikRti kA sevana karanA kalpatA hai| 28. parihArakalpa meM sthita bhikSu apane pAtroM ko grahaNa kara apane lie AhAra lene jAve aura use jAte hue dekhakara yadi sthavira kahe ki "he prArya ! mere yogya AhAra-pAnI bhI lete AnA, maiM bhI khaauuNgaa-piiuuNgaa|" aisA kahane para use sthavira ke lie pAhAra lAnA kalpatA hai| vahAM apArihArika-sthavira ko pArihArika bhikSu ke pAtra meM prazana yAvat svAdya khAnA-pInA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu use apane hI pAtra meM, palAsaka (mAtraka) meM, jalapAtra meM, donoM hAtha meM yA eka hAtha meM le-le kara khAnA-pInA kalpatA hai / yaha apArihArika bhikSu kA pArihArika bhikSu kI apekSA se prAcAra kahA gayA hai| 29. parihArakalpa meM sthita bhikSu sthavira ke pAtroM ko lekara unake lie AhAra-pAnI lAne ko jAve, taba sthavira use kahe "he prArya ! tuma apane liye bhI sAtha meM le AnA aura bAda meM khA lenA, pI lenaa|" aisA kahane para use sthavira ke pAtroM meM apane lie bhI AhAra-pAnI lAnA kalpatA hai /
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________________ dUsarA uddezaka] [305 vahAM apArihArika sthavira ke pAtra meM pArihArika bhikSu ko prazana yAvat svAdya khAnA-pInA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu use apane hI pAtra meM, palAsaka meM, kamaNDalu meM, donoM hAtha meM yA eka hAtha meM le-lekara khAnA-pInA kalpatA hai| yaha pArihArika bhikSu kA apArihArika bhikSu kI apekSA se prAcAra kahA gayA hai / vivecana-parihAratapa karane vAle bhikSutroM ke sAtha apArihArika bhikSu rahe to unameM se kaI to alaga-alaga AhAra karate haiM aura kaI sammilita AhAra karate haiN| eka mAsa parihAratapa vAlA bhikSa eka mAsa tapa pUrNa hone taka alaga aAhAra karatA hai aura 5 dina pAraNe kI apekSA alaga AhAra karatA hai, usake bAda vaha eka mAMDalika AhAra kara vaha eka mAMDalika AhAra karatA hai| isI prakAra do mAsa parihAratapa vAlA bhikSu do mAsa aura dasa dina taka alaga AhAra karatA hai, tIna mAsa tapa vAlA bhikSu tIna mAsa aura pandraha dina, cAra mAsa tapa vAlA bhikSu cAra mAsa aura bIsa dina, pAMca mAsa tapa vAlA bhikSu pAMca mAsa aura paccIsa dina, chaha mAsa tapa vAlA bhikSu chaha mAsa aura tIsa dina (eka mAsa) taka alaga AhAra karatA hai| isa prakAra parihAratapa kI samApti ke eka mAsa bAda pArihArika-apArihArika sabhI eka sAtha AhAra karate haiN| parihAratapa karane vAlA bhikSu apanA AhAra svayaM lAtA hai, use kisI se AhArAdi lenA nahIM kalpatA hai, yaha sAmAnya vidhAna hai| __ yadi vaha tapa karatA huA azakta ho jAya to sthavira anya bhikSuoM ko kahe ki "he Aryo ! tuma isa parihArI bhikSu ko AhAra do yA nimantraNa karo, aisA kahane para use pAhAra diyA jA sakatA hai| yadi use ghRtAdi vigaya kI AvazyakatA ho to vaha punaH AjJA milane para vigaya sevana kara sakatA hai, kintu kevala AhAra dene kI AjJA se vigaya sevana nahIM kara sktaa| ___ kisI apArihArika sthavira ko vaiyAvRtya meM rahane vAlA pArihArika bhikSu sthavira ke lie aura apane lie AhAra lene alaga-alaga jAtA hai, yaha sAmAnya vidhAna hai| kintu kabhI kisI kAraNa se sthavira prAjJA de to apane pAtroM meM apane AhAra ke sAtha unake lie bhI AhArAdi lA sakatA hai aura unake pAtroM meM unake AhAra ke sAtha apanA AhAra bhI lA sakatA hai| aisA karane meM usake rUkSa AhAra ke koI vigaya kA lepa laga jAya to vaha sthavira kI AjJA se khA sakatA hai| sUtra meM una bhikSuoM ke AhAra karane kI yaha maryAdA kahI gaI hai ki ve paraspara kisI ke pAtra meM AhAra na kareM, kintu apane pAtra meM yA hAtha meM lekara phira khaaveN| isa vidhAna se yaha phalita hotA hai ki unheM apane-apane pAtra alaga-alaga rakhane hote haiM evaM zAmila lAye gaye pAhAra ko sammilita hokara nahIM khA sakate haiN| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki vaha alaga
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________________ [vyavahArasUtra vyavahAra rakhane vAlA pArihArika bhikSu hai| kAraNa se evaM AjJA se AhAra sAtha lAnA paristhitijanya apavAda hai, kintu pAtra lene evaM sAtha meM AhAra khAne ke alagAva meM koI bAdhA na hone se usake sAmAnya vidhAna kA hI pAlana karanA Avazyaka hotA hai| bhikSa kA zarIra saMyama aura tapa meM sahAyaka hotA hai, ata: ise AhAra denA Adi pravRtti karanA Avazyaka hai| anAsakta bhAva se sva-zarIra hetu kI gaI pravRtti bhI nirjarA kA hetu hai, ataH sUtra meM "appaNo veyAvaDiyAe" arthAt apanI vaiyAvRtya ke lie" aise zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| sUtra meM AhAra karane ke sAdhanarUpa meM pAtroM ke lie ina zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai1. svayaM ke (AhAra lene ke) pAtra meN| 2. svayaM ke "palAsaka" (mAtraka) meN|| 3. svayaM ke kamaNDalaka (pAnI lene ke pAtra) meM / 4. svayaM ke khobe meM arthAt donoM hAthoM se banI aMjali meM / 5. svayaM ke hAtha meM arthAt eka hAtha kI pasalI meM / yahAM svayaM ke palAsaka kA artha TIkAkAra ne "DhAka ke pattoM se banA donA" aisA kiyA hai| sUtra meM "sayaMsi" pada pratyeka zabda ke sAtha hai| sAdhu ke svayaM kA pAtra vahI hotA hai jo sadA usake pAsa rahatA hai evaM jo prAgamokta ho|| palAsa ke pattoM kA donA rakhanA Agama meM niSiddha hai aura vaha adhika samaya dhAraNa karane yogya bhI nahIM hotA hai / ataH "svayaM kA palAsaka" yaha kathana "mAtraka" ke lie hI samajhanA upayukta hai evaM mAtraka rakhanA Agamasammata bhI hai| -dazA. da. 8 sUtra ke vidhAna se hI aisA jJAta hotA hai ki ve bhikSu yadi pAtra kI UnodarI karane vAle hoM to svayaM ke mAtraka meM, hAtha meM yA khobe (aMjalI) meM le-lekara bhI khA sakate haiN| caudahapUrvI zrIbhadrabAhu svAmI dvArA racita isa vyavahArasUtra meM pAtra kI dRSTi se tIna nAma kahe gaye haiM / isase yaha phalita hotA hai ki bhikSu sAmAnyatayA bhI aneka pAtra rakha sakatA hai, ataH eka pAtra hI rakhane kI paramparA kA aitihAsika kathana Agamasammata nahIM kahA jA sakatA / / chedasUtroM meM parihAra tapa evaM pArihArika bhikSu sambandhI nirdezoM ke kathana kI bahulatA ko dekhate hue isa vidhi kA viccheda mAnanA bhI ucita pratIta nahIM hotA hai / isa vidhi ke mukhya Agamasammata niyama ye haiM-"AyaMbila, upavAsa evaM ekAMtavAsa se maunapUrvaka AcArya Adi ke sAtha sAtha rahanA, sahAya-pratyAkhyAna evaM sambhoga-pratyAkhyAna karanA, ityAdi haiM, jinakA ki vartamAna meM pAlana karanA sambhava hai / vyAkhyAoM meM isakA viccheda mAnA hai evaM sAdhvI ke lie bhI niSiddha kahA hai, kintu aisA ullekha aAgamoM meM nahIM hai aura na hI kisI AgamavidhAna se aisA siddha hotA hai|
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________________ dUsarA uddezaka [307 6-17 18-22 23-24 dUsare uddezaka kA sArAMza vicaraNa karane vAle do yA do se adhika bhikSuoM dvArA parihAratapa vahana kiyA jA sakatA hai| rugNa bhikSuoM kI upekSA nahIM karanA cAhie yA unheM gaccha se nahIM nikAlanA cAhie, kintu unako yathocita sevA karanI-karavAnI caahie| navame-dasaveM prAyazcitta prApta bhikSu ko gRhastha-liMga dhAraNa karavAkara hI upasthApanA karanI cAhie / kadAcit binA gahastha-liMga ke bhI dIkSA denA gaccha-pramukha ke nirNaya para nirbhara rahatA hai| AkSepa evaM vivAda pUrNa sthiti meM spaSTa pramANita hone para hI prAyazcita denA evaM pramANita na hone para svayaM ke doSa svIkAra karane para hI prAyazcitta denA / jisakI zruta evaM dIkSA paryAya ekapAkSika ho aise bhikSu ko pada denaa| parihAratapa pUrNa hone ke bAda bhI kucha dina AhAra alaga rahatA hai, utkRSTa eka mAsa taka bhI pAhAra alaga rakhA jAtA hai, jisase binA samavibhAga ke vaha vikRti kA sevana kara ske| parihAratapa vAle ko sthavira kI prAjJA hone para hI pAhAra diyA jA sakatA hai evaM vizeSa prAjJA lekara hI vaha kabhI vigaya kA sevana kara sakatA hai| sthavira kI sevA meM rahA huaA pArihArika bhikSu kabhI AjJA hone para donoM kI gocarI sAtha meM lA sakatA hai, kintu use sAtha meM nahIM khAnA cAhie / alaga apane hAtha yA pAtra meM lekara hI khAnA caahie| 28-29 upasaMhAra isa uddezaka meM - sUtra 1-5, 26-29 18:22 23-24 25 parihAratapa vahana sambandhI vidhAnoM kA, rugNa bhikSuoM kI aglAnabhAva se sevA karane kA, navame dasaveM prAyazcitta vAle kI upasthApanA kA, vivAda kI sthiti meM nirNaya karane kA, ekapAkSika ko hI prAcArya pada dene kA, ityAdi viSayoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| // dUsarA uddezaka samApta //
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________________ tIsarA uddezaka 1. bhikkhU ya icchejjA gaNaM dhArettae, bhagavaM ca se apalicchanne evaM se no kappA gaNaM dhArittae, bhagavaM ca se palicchanne, evaM se kappai gaNaM dhArettae / 2. bhikkhu ya icchejjA gaNaM dhAresae, no se kappai there praNApucchittA gaNaM dhArettae / kappai se there ApucchittA gaNaM dhArettae, therA ya se viyarejjA evaM se kappA gaNaM dhArettae, therA ya se no kappA gaNaM dhaarette| jaM NaM therehi aviiNNaM gaNaM dhArei se santarA chae vA parihAre vA, je sAhammiyA uTThAe viharaMti, nasthi NaM tesi kei chae vA parihAre vaa| 1. yadi koI bhikSa gaNa ko dhAraNa karanA arthAt agraNI honA cAhe aura vaha sUtrajJAna Adi yogyatA se rahita ho to use gaNa dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| yadi vaha bhikSu sUtrajJAna Adi yogyatA se yukta ho to use gaNa dhAraNa karanA kalpatA hai / 2. yadi yogya bhikSa gaNa dhAraNa karanA cAhe to use sthaviroM se pUche binA gaNa dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| yadi sthavira anujJA pradAna kareM to gaNa dhAraNa karanA kalpatA hai| yadi sthavira anujJA pradAna na kareM to gaNa dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| yadi koI sthaviroM kI anujJA prApta kie binA hI gaNa dhAraNa karatA hai to vaha usa maryAdAullaMghana ke kAraNa dIkSA-cheda yA tapaprAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai, kintu jo sArmika sAdhu usakI pramukhatA meM vicarate haiM ve dIkSA-cheda yA tapaprAyazcitta ke pAtra nahIM hote haiN| vivecana---gaNa ko dhAraNa karanA do prakAra se hotA hai-1. kucha sAdhunoM ke samUha kI pramukhatA karate hue vicaraNa karanA yA cAturmAsa karanA yaha prathama prakAra kA gaNa dhAraNa hai / aise bhikSu ko gaNa dhAraNa karane vAlA, gaNadhara, gaNapramukha, saMghATakapramukha, mukhiyA yA agraNI kahA jAtA hai| bhASya meM ise "spardhakapati" bhI kahA gayA hai / 2. sAdhuoM ke samUha kA adhipati arthAt prAcAryAdi pada dhAraNa karane vAlA / jise prAcArya, upAdhyAya, gaNadhara, gacchAdhipati, gaNI Adi kahA jAtA hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki pada vAloM ko evaM pramukha rUpa meM vicarane vAle ko "gaNadhara" kahA jAtA hai| prastuta donoM sUtroM meM prathama prakAra ke gaNadhAraka kA kathana hai / kyoMki yahAM sthaviroM kI prAjJA lekara gaNa dhAraNa karanA aura binA AjJA gaNa dhAraNa karane para prAyazcitta kA pAtra honA kahA gayA hai / aisA vidhAna prAcArya pada dhAraNa karane vAle ke lie upayukta nahIM hotA hai| AcArya pada gaNa ke sthavira dete haiM yA vartamAna AcArya kI AjJA se AcArya pada diyA jAtA hai athavA gaccha ke sAdhu-sAdhvI yA caturvidha saMgha milakara prAcArya pada dete haiM, kintu koI svayaM hI pada
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________________ tIsarA uddezaka] [309 lenA cAhe aura sthavira ko pUche ki 'maiM prAcArya bana ?' athavA binA pUche hI prAcArya bana jAe, aise artha kI kalpanA sarvathA asaMgata hai| ataH ina donoM sUtroM kA viSaya hai--saMghATaka ke pramukha rUpa meM vicaraNa karanA / AcAryAdi pada kI apekSA kA kathana to Age ke sUtroM meM kiyA gayA hai / yadi koI bhikSu gaNapramukha ke rUpa meM vicaranA cAhe to usakA palichanna honA Avazyaka hai| prarthAta jo ziSyasampadA aura zratasampadA sampanna hai, vahI pramukha rUpa meM vicaraNa kara sakatA hai| yahAM bhASyakAra ne ziSyasampadA evaM zratasampadA ke cAra bhAMge kahe haiM, unameM se prathama bhaMga ke anara donoM prakAra kI sampadA se yukta ho use hI pramukha rUpa meM vicaraNa karanA caahie| yadi pRthaka-pRthaka ziSya karane kI paramparA na ho to zrutasampanna (grAgamavettA) evaM buddhimAna bhikSugaNa ke kucha sAdhuoM kI pramukhatA karatA huA vicaraNa kara sakatA hai / jisa bhikSu ke eka yA aneka ziSya hoM vaha ziSyasampadA yukta kahA jAtA hai| jo AvazyakasUtra, dazavaikAlikasUtra, uttarAdhyayanasUtra tathA AcArAMgasUtra aura nizIthasUtroM ke mUla evaM artha ko dhAraNa karane vAlA ho arthAta jisane itanA mUla zrata upAdhyAya kI nizrA se kaMThastha dhA evaM prAcArya yA upAdhyAya se ina sUtroM ke artha kI vAcanA lekara use bhI kaMThastha dhAraNa kiyA ho evaM vartamAna meM vaha zruta use upasthita ho to vaha zrutasampanna kahA jAtA hai| jisake eka bhI ziSya nahIM hai evaM uparyukta zruta kA adhyayana bhI jisane nahIM kiyA hai, vaha gaNa dhAraNa ke ayogya hai / yadi kisI bhikSu ke ziSyasampadA hai, kintu vaha buddhimAn evaM zrutasampanna nahIM hai athavA dhAraNa kie hue zruta ko bhUla gayA hai, vaha bhI gaNa dhAraNa ke ayogya hai| kintu yadi kisI ko vRddhAvasthA (60 varSa se adhika) hone ke kAraNa zruta vismRta ho gayA ho to vaha zrutasampanna hI kahA jAtA hai evaM gaNa dhAraNa kara sakatA hai| isa sUtra meM "bhagavaM ca se" isa pada kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| isameM "bhagavaM" zabda ke sAtha "ca" aura "se" hone se yaha "sambodhana" rUpa nahIM hai| isalie yaha zabda gaNa dhAraNa karane kI icchA vAle anagAra ke lie hI prayukta hai tathA isake sAtha "palicchanne aura apalicchanne" zabdoM ko jor3akara do prakAra kI yogyatA kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| isalie "bhagavaM ca se" isa pada kA artha hai yadi vaha bhikSu (anagAra bhagavaMta) aura "palicchanne" isa pada kA artha hai-ziSya evaM zrutasampadA-sampanna / bhASyakAra ne ziSyasampadA vAle ko "dravyapalicchanna" aura zruta sampanna ko "bhAvapalicchanna" kahA hai / usa caubhaMgI yukta vivecana se bhAvapalicchanna ko hI gaNa dhAraNa karake vicarane yogya kahA hai| jisakA sArAMza yaha hai ki jo Avazyaka zruta se sampanna ho evaM buddhisampanna ho, vaha gaNa dhAraNa karake vicaraNa kara sakatA hai| bhASyakAra ne yaha bhI spaSTa kiyA hai 1. vicaraNa karate hue vaha svayaM ke aura anya bhikSuoM ke jJAna darzana cAritra kI zuddha ArAdhanA karane karavAne meM samartha ho / 2. janasAdhAraNa ko apane jJAna tathA vANI evaM vyavahAra se dharma ke sanmukha kara sakatA ho|
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________________ 310] [vyavahArasUtra 3. anya mata se bhAvita koI bhI vyakti prazna-carcA karane ke lie A jAya to yathAyogya uttara dene meM samartha ho, aisA bhikSu gaNapramukha ke rUpa meM arthAt saMghATakapramukha hokara vicaraNa kara sakatA hai| dharmaprabhAvanA ko lakSya meM rakhakara vicaraNa karane vAle pramukha bhikSu meM ye bhASyokta guNa honA Avazyaka haiM, kintu abhigraha pratimAeM evaM mauna sAdhanA Adi kevala AmakalyANa ke lakSya se vicaraNa karane vAle ko sUtrokta zrutasampanna rUpa palicchanna honA hI paryApta hai| bhASyokta guNa na hoM to bhI vaha pramukha hokara vicaraNa karatA huA AtmasaMyama-sAdhanA kara sakatA hai| dvitIya sUtra ke anusAra koI bhI zrutasampanna yogya bhikSu svecchA se gaNapramukha ke rUpa meM vicaraNa karane ke lie nahIM jA sakatA hai, kintu gaccha ke sthavira bhagavaMta kI anumati lekara ke hI gaNa dhAraNa kara sakatA hai arthAta sthavira bhagavanta se kaheM ki-"he bhagavan ! maiM kucha bhikSoM ko lekara vicaraNa karanA cAhatA huuN|" taba sthavira bhagavanta usakI yogyatA jAnakara evaM ucita avasara dekhakara svIkRti deveM to gaNa dhAraNa kara sakatA hai| yadi ve sthavira kisI kAraNa se svIkRti na deM to use gaNa dhAraNa nahIM karanA cAhiye evaM yogya avasara kI pratIkSA karanA caahie| ___ sUtra meM sthavira bhagavanta se prAjJA prApta karane kA jo vidhAna kiyA gayA hai usake sandarbha meM yaha samajhanA cAhie ki yahAM sthavira zabda se prAcArya upAdhyAya pravartaka Adi sabhI AjJA dene vAle adhikArI sUcita kiye gaye haiN| kyoMki sthavira zabda atyanta vizAla hai| isameM sabhI padavIdhara aura adhikArIgaNa bhikSuoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai / bAgamoM meM gaNadhara gautama sudharmAsvAmI ke lie evaM tIrthakaroM ke lie bhI "there sthavira" zabda kA prayoga hai / ataH isa vidhAna kA Azaya yaha hai ki gaNa dhAraNa ke lie gaccha ke kisI bhI adhikArI bhikSu kI AjJA lenA Avazyaka hai evaM svayaM kA zrutasaMpadA prAdi se sampanna honA bhI Avazyaka hai| yadi koI bhikSa utkaTa icchA ke kAraNa AjJA liye binA yA svIkRti mile binA bhI apane ziSyoM ko yA anya apanI nizrA meM adhyayana prAdi ke lie rahe hue sAdhuoM ko lekara vicaraNa karatA hai to vaha prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| usake sAtha ziSya rUpa rahane vAle yA adhyayana prAdi kisI bhI kAraNa se usakI nizrA meM rahane vAle sAdhu usakI AjJA kA pAlana karate hue usake sAtha rahate haiM, ve prAyazcitta ke pAtra nahIM hote haiN| yaha bhI dvitIya sUtra meM spaSTa kiyA gayA hai / AjJA ke binA gaNa dhAraNa karane vAle bhikSu ke lie prAyazcitta kA vidhAna karate hue sUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki "se saMtarA chee vA parihAre vA", isakA artha karate hue vyAkhyAkAra ne yaha spaSTa kiyA hai ki vaha bhikSu apane usa aparAdha ke kAraNa yathAyogya cheda (pAMca dina Adi) prAyazcitta ko athavA mAsika Adi parihAratapa yA sAmAnya tapa rUpa prAyazcitta ko prApta hotA hai| arthAt pAlocanA karane para yA AlocanA na karane para bhI anuzAsana-vyavasthA hetu use yaha sUtrokta prAyazcitta diyA jAtA hai| sUtra meM bhikSu ke lie yaha vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra sAdhvI ke lie bhI saMpUrNa vidhAna samajha lenA caahie| use vicaraNa karane ke lie sthavira yA pravartinI kI AjJA lenI caahie|
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________________ tIsarA uddezaka] [311 upAdhyAya Adi pada dene ke vidhi-niSedha ___3. tivAsapariyAe samaNe niggathe--prAyArakusale, saMjamakusale, pabayaNakusale, paNNattikusale, saMgahakusale, uvaggahakusale, akkhayAyAre, abhinnAyAre, asabalAyAre, asaMkilihAyAre, bahussue babhAgame, jahaNeNaM AyArappakappa-dhare, kappai uvajjhAyattAe uddisittae / 4. sacceva NaM se tivAsapariyAe samaNe niggathe no AyArakusale, no saMjamakusale, no pavayaNa kusale, no paNNattikusale, no saMgahakusale, no uvaggahakusale, khayAyAre, bhinnAyAre, sabalAyAre, saMkiliTThayAre, appasue, appAgame no kappai uvajjhAyattAe udisitte| 5. paMcavAsapariyAe samaNe jiggaMthe-AyArakusale, saMjamakusale, pavayaNakusale, paNNattikusale, saMgahakusale, uvaggahakusale, akkhayAyAre, abhinnAyAre, asabalAyAre, asaMkilihAyAre, bahussue, babbhAgame, jahaNNeNaM dasA-kappa-vavahAradhare, kappai prAyariya-uvajjhAyattAe uddisitte| 6. sacceNa NaM se paMcavAsapariyAe samaNe niggaMthe-no AyArakusale, no saMjamakusale, no pavayaNakusale, no paNNattikusale, no saMgahakusale, no uvaggahakusale, khayAyAre, bhinnAyAre, sabalAyAre, saMkiliTThAyAre, appasue, appAgame no kappai Ayariya-uvamAyattAe udisitte| 7. aTThavAsapariyAe samaNe niggaMthe-pAyArakusale, saMjamakusale,,pavayaNakusale, paNNattikusale, saMgahakusale, uvaggahakusale, akkhayAyAre, abhinnAyAre, asabalAyAre, asaMkiliTThAyAre, bahussue, babbhAgame, jahaNaNaM ThANa-samavAya-dhare, kappai AyariyattAe uvajjhAyattAe gaNAvaccheiyattAe uddisitte| 8. sacceva NaM se aTThavAsapariyAe samaNe NiggaMthe no prAyArakusale no saMjamakusale, no pavayaNakusale, no pannattikusale, no saMgahakusale, no uvaggahakusale, khayAyAre, bhinnAyAre, sabalAyAre, saMkiliTThAyAre, appasue appAgame, no kappai AyariyattAe, uvajjhAyattAe, gaNAvaccheiyattAe udisitte| 3. tIna varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlA zramaNa nirgrantha----yadi AcArakuzala, saMyamakuzala, pravacanakuzala, prajJaptikuzala, saMgrahakuzala aura upagraha karane meM kuzala ho tathA akSata caritra vAlA, abhinna cAritra vAlA, azabala cAritra vAlA aura asaMkliSTa AcAra vAlA ho, bahuzruta evaM bahuAgamajJa ho aura kama se kama AcAra-prakalpa dhAraNa karane vAlA ho to use upAdhyAya pada denA kalpatA hai| 4. vahI tIna varSa kI dIkSAparyAyavAlA zramaNa-nirgrantha-yadi AcAra, saMyama, pravacana, prajJapti, saMgraha aura upagraha meM kuzala na ho tathA kSata, bhinna, zabala aura saMkliSTa prAcAra vAlA ho, alpazruta evaM alpa AgamajJa ho to use upAdhyAya pada denA nahIM kalpatA hai|
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________________ 312] [ vyavahArasUtra 5. pAMca varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlA zramaNa nirgrantha-yadi AcArakuzala, saMyamakuzala, pravacanakuzala, prajJaptikuzala, saMgrahakuzala aura upagrahakuzala ho tathA akSata cAritra vAlA, abhinna va vAlA, azabala cAritra vAlA aura asaMkliSTa prAcAra vAlA ho, bahazrata evaM bahayAgamajJa ho evaM kama se kama dazAzrutaskaMdha, bRhatkalpa evaM vyavahArasUtra ko dhAraNa karane vAlA ho to use prAcArya yA upAdhyAya pada denA kalpatA hai / 6. vahI pAMca varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlA zramaNa nigraMtha-yadi prAcAra, saMyama, pravacana, prajJapti, saMgraha aura upagraha meM kuzala na ho tathA kSata, bhinna, zabala aura saMkliSTa prAcAra vAlA ho, alpazruta aura alpa prAgamajJa ho to use prAcArya yA upAdhyAya pada denA nahIM kalpatA hai| 7. ATha varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlA zramaNa nirgrantha-yadi AcArakuzala, saMyama kuzala, pravacanakuzala, prajJaptikuzala, saMgrahakuzala aura upagrahakuzala ho tathA akSata cAritra vAlA, abhinna cAritra vAlA azabala cAritra aura asaMkliSTa AcAra vAlA ho, bahuzrata evaM bahuprAgamajJa ho evaM kama se kama sthAnAMga-samavAyAMga sUtra ko dhAraNa karane vAlA ho to use prAcArya, upAdhyAya aura gaNAvacchedaka pada denA kalpatA hai| 8. vahI pATha varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlA zramaNa nigraMtha yadi prAcAra, saMyama, pravacana, prajJapti, saMgraha aura upagraha meM kuzala na ho tathA kSata, bhinna, zabala aura saMkliSTa AcAra vAlA ho, alpazruta aura alpa prAgamajJa ho to use prAcArya, upAdhyAya aura gaNAvacchedaka pada denA nahIM kalpatA vivecana-jisa gaccha meM aneka sAdhu-sAdhviyAM haiN| jisake aneka saMghATaka (saMghAr3e) alagaalaga vicarate hoM athavA jisa gaccha meM navadIkSita, bAla yA taruNa sAdhu-sAdhviyAM hoM, usameM aneka padavIdharoM kA honA atyAvazyaka hai evaM kama se kama AcArya, upAdhyAya ina do padavIdharoM kA honA to nitAMta Avazyaka hai| kintu jisa gaccha meM 2-4 sAdhu yA 2-4 sAdhviyAM hI hoM, jinake eka yA do saMghATaka hI alaga-alaga vicarate hoM evaM unameM koI bhI navadIkSita bAla yA taruNa vaya vAlA na ho to padavIdhara ke binA hI kevala vaya yA paryAya sthavira se unakI vyavasthA ho sakatI hai| yahAM prathama sUtradvika meM upAdhyAya pada, dvitIya sUtradvika meM prAcArya-upAdhyAya pada aura tRtIya sUtradvika meM anya padoM ke yogyAyogya kA kathana dIkSAparyAya, zruta-adhyayana evaM aneka guNoM ke dvArA kiyA gayA hai| jisameM dIkSAparyAya aura zruta-adhyayana kI jaghanya maryAdA to upAdhyAya se prAcArya kI aura unase gaNAvacchedaka kI adhika adhikatara kahI hai / isake sivAya madhyama yA utkRSTa koI bhI dIkSAparyAya evaM zruta-adhyayana vAle ko bhI ye pada diye jA sakate haiN| prAcArakuzala prAdi anya guNoM kA sabhI padavIdharoM ke lie samAna rUpa se nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / ataH pratyeka pada-yogya bhikSu meM ve guNa honA Avazyaka haiN| dIkSAparyAya-bhASyakAra ne batAyA hai ki dIkSAparyAya ke anusAra anubhava, kSamatA, yogyatA kA vikAsa hotA hai, jisase bhikSu una-una padoM ke uttaradAyitva ko nibhAne meM sakSama hotA hai|
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________________ tIsarA uddezaka] [313 upAdhyAya kA mukhya uttaradAyitva adhyayana karAne kA hai, jisameM ziSyoM ke adhyayana sambandhI sabhI prakAra kI vyavasthA kI dekha-rekha unheM rakhanI par3atI hai| ataH isa pada ke lie jaghanya tIna varSa kI dokSAparyAya honA Avazyaka kahA hai / prAcArya para gaccha kI saMpUrNa vyavasthAoM kA uttaradAyitva rahatA hai| ve artha-paramArtha kI vAcanA bhI dete haiM / ata: adhika anubhava kSamatA kI dRSTi se unake lie nyUnatama pAMca varSa kI dokSAparyAya honA prAvazyaka kahA hai| gaNAvacchedaka gaNa saMbaMdhI aneka kartavyoM ko pUrNa karake unakI cintA se prAcArya ko mukta rakhatA hai arthAt gaccha ke sAdhuoM ko sevA, vicaraNa evaM prAyazcitta Adi vyavasthAnoM kA uttaradAyitva gaNAvacchedaka kA hotA hai / yadyapi anuzAsana kA pUrNa uttaradAyitva prAcArya kA hotA hai tathApi vyavasthA tathA kAryasaMcAlana kA uttaradAyitva gaNAvacchedaka kA adhika hone se inakI dIkSAparyAya kama se kama pATha varSa kI honA Avazyaka kahA hai| ___ anyaguNa-prAcAra-kuzalatA Adi dasa guNoM kA kathana ina sUtroM meM hai| unakI vyAkhyA bhASya meM isa prakAra hai--- 1. AcArakuzala-jJAnAcAra meM evaM vinayAcAra meM jo kuzala hotA hai vaha prAcArakuzala kahA jAtA hai / yathA--guru Adi ke Ane para khar3A hotA hai, unheM Asana caukI prAdi pradAna karatA hai, prAtaHkAla unheM vandana karake prAdeza mAMgatA hai, dravya se athavA bhAva se unake nikaTa rahatA hai, ziSyoM ko evaM pratIcchakoM (anya gaccha se adhyayana ke lie Aye hoM) ko guru ke prati zraddhAnvita karane vAlA kAyikI Adi cAra prakAra kI vinayapratipatti ko yathAvidhi karane vAlA, prAka karane vAlA, guru Adi kI yathAyogya pUjA, bhakti, Adara-satkAra karake unheM prasanna rakhane vAlA, paruSa vacana nahIM bolane vAlA, amAyAvI-sarala svabhAvI, hAtha-pAMva-mukha aAdi kI vikRta ceSTA se rahita sthira svabhAva vAlA, dUsaroM ke sAtha mAyAvI AcaraNa arthAt dhokhA na karane vAlA, yathAsamaya pratilekhana pratikramaNa evaM svAdhyAya karane vAlA, yathocita tapa karane vAlA, jJAnAdi kI vRddhi evaM zuddhi karane vAlA, samAdhivAn aura sadaiva guru kA bahumAna karane vAlA, aisA guNanidhi bhikSu "prAcAra. kuzala" kahalAtA hai| 2. saMyamakuzala--(1) pA~ca sthAvara, tIna vikalendriya evaM paceMndriya jIvoM kI samyak prakAra se yatanA karane vAlA, Avazyaka hone para hI nirjIva padArthoM kA vivekapUrvaka upayoga karane vAlA, gamanAgamana Adi kI pratyeka pravRtti acchI taraha dekhakara karane vAlA, asaMyama pravRtti karane vAloM ke prati upekSA yA mAdhyastha bhAva rakhane vAlA. yathAsamaya yathAvidhi pramArjana karane : vAlA, pariSThApanA samiti ke niyamoM kA pUrNa pAlane karane vAlA, mana vacana kAyA ko azubha pravRtti ko tyAgane vAlA, ina sattaraha prakAra ke saMyama kA pAlana karane meM nipuNa (dakSa), (2) athavA koI vastu rakhane yA uThAne meM tathA eSaNA, zayyA, prAsana upadhi, AhAra Adi meM yathAzakti prazasta yoga rakhane vAlA, aprazasta yogoM kA parityAga karane vAlA, (3) indriyoM evaM kaSAyoM kA nigraha karane vAlA arthAt zubhAzubha padArthoM meM rAgadveSa nahIM karane vAlA aura kaSAya ke udaya ko viphala kara dene vAlA, hiMsA Adi pAzravoM kA pUrNa nirodha karane
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________________ 314] [vyavahArasUtra vAlA, aprazasta yoga aura aprazasta dhyAna arthAt Arta-raudra dhyAna kA tyAga kara zubha yoga aura dharmazukla dhyAna meM lIna rahane vAlA, AtmapariNAmoM ko sadA vizuddha rakhane vAlA, ihalokAdi AzaMkA se rahita, aisA guNanidhi bhikSu "saMyamakuzala' hai| 3. pravacana kuzala-jo jinavacanoM kA jJAtA evaM kuzala upadeSTA ho vaha pravacanakuzala hai, yathA-sUtra ke anusAra usakA artha, paramArtha, anvaya-vyatireka yukta sUtrAzaya ko, aneka atizaya yukta arthoM ko evaM AzcaryakArI arthoM ko jAnane vAlA, mUla evaM artha kI zrutaparamparA ko bhI jAnane vAlA, pramANa-naya-nikSepoM se padArthoM ke svarUpa ko samajhane vAlA, isa prakAra zruta evaM artha ke nirNAyaka hone se jo zruta rUpa ratnoM se pUrNa hai tathA jisane samyak prakAra se zruta ko dhAraNa karake usakA punarAvartana kiyA hai, pUrvApara sambandha pUrvaka cintana kiyA hai, usake nirdoSa hone kA nirNaya kiyA hai aura usake artha ko bahuzrutoM ke pAsa carcA-vArtA Adi se vipula vizuddha dhAraNa kiyA hai, aise guNoM ko dhAraNa karane vAlA aura ukta adhyayana se apanA hita karane vAlA, anya ko hitAvaha upadeza karane vAlA evaM pravacana kA avarNavAda bolane vAloM kA nigraha karane meM samartha aisA guNasampanna bhikSu "pravacanakuzala" hai| 4. prajJaptikuzala--laukika zAstra, veda, purANa evaM svasiddhAMta kA jisane samyag vinizcaya kara liyA hai, jo dharma-kathA, artha-kathA Adi kA samyakjJAtA hai tathA jIva-ajIva ke svarUpa evaM bhedoM kA, karma baMdha evaM mokSa ke kAraNoM kA, cAroM gati meM gamanAgamana karane kA evaM unake kAraNoM kA tathA unase utpanna duHkha-sukha kA, ityAdi kathana karane meM kuzala, paravAdiyoM ke kudarzana kA samyak samAdhAna karake unase kudarzana kA tyAga karAne meM samartha evaM svasiddhAMtoM ko samajhAne meM kuzala bhikSu "prajJaptikuzala" hai| 5. saMgrahakuzala-dravya se upadhi, ziSyAdi kA aura bhAva se zruta evaM artha tathA guNoM kA AtmA meM saMgraha karane meM jo kuzala (dakSa) hotA hai tathA kSetra evaM kAla ke anusAra viveka rakha kara glAna vRddha Adi kI anukampApUrvaka vaiyAvRtya karane kI smRti rakhane vAlA, AcAryAdi kI rugNAvasthA ke samaya vAcanA dene vAlA, samAcArI bhaMga karane vAle yA kaSAya meM pravRtta hone vAle bhikSuoM ko yathAyogya anuzAsana karake rokane vAlA, AhAra vinaya Adi ke dvArA gurubhakti karane vAlA, gaNa ke antaraMga kAryoM ko karane vAlA athavA gaNa se bahirbhAva vAloM ko antarbhAvI banAne vAlA, AhAra, upadhi Adi jisako jo Avazyaka ho usakI pUrti karane vAlA, paraspara sAtha rahane meM evaM anya ko rakhane meM kuzala, sIvana, lepana Adi kArya karane karAne meM kuzala, isa prakAra niHsvArtha sahayoga dene ke savabhAva vAlA guNanidhi bhikSu "saMgrahakuzala hai| 6. upagrahakuzala-bAla, vRddha, rogI, tapasvI, asamartha bhikSu Adi ko zayyA, prAsana, upadhi, AhAra, auSadha Adi detA hai, divAtA hai tathA inakI svayaM sevA karatA hai anya se karavAtA hai, guru Adi ke dvArA dI gaI vastu yA kahI gaI vArtA nirdiSTa sAdhuoM taka pahuMcAtA hai tathA anya bhI unake dvArA nirdiSTa kAryoM ko kara detA hai athavA jinake prAcAryAdi nahIM haiM, unheM AtmIyatA se dizAnirdeza karatA hai, vaha "upagrahakuzala" hai / 7. akSata-AcAra-AdhAkarma Adi doSoM se rahita zuddha prAhAra grahaNa karane vAlA evaM paripUrNa prAcAra kA pAlana karane vaalaa|
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________________ [315 tosarA uddezaka] 8. abhinnAcAra-kisI prakAra ke aticAroM kA sevana na karake pAMcoM AcAroM kA paripUrNa pAlana karane vaalaa| 9. azabalAcAra-vinaya, vyavahAra, bhASA, gocarI Adi meM doSa na lagAne vAlA athavA zabala doSoM se rahita AcaraNa vaalaa| 10. asaMkliSTa-AcAra-ihaloka-paraloka sambandhI sukhoM kI kAmanA na karane vAlA athavA krodhAdi kA tyAga karane vAlA saMkliSTa pariNAma rahita bhikSu / "kSata-AcAra" Adi zabdoM kA artha isase viparota samajha lenA cAhie, yathA1. AdhAkarmAdi doSoM kA sevana karane vaalaa| 2. aticAroM kA sevana kara pAMca prAcAra yA pAMca mahAvrata meM doSa lagAne vaalaa| 3. vinaya, bhASA Adi kA viveka nahIM rakhane vAlA, zabala doSoM kA sevana karane vaalaa| 4. prazaMsA, pratiSThA, Adara aura bhautika sukhoM kI cAhanA karane vAlA athavA krodhAdi se saMkliyTa pariNAma rakhane vaalaa| bahuzruta-bahuAgamajJa-aneka sUtroM evaM unake arthoM ko jAnane vAlA 'bahuzruta yA bahuprAgamajJa' kahA jAtA hai / prAgamoM meM ina zabdoM kA bhinna-bhinna apekSA se prayoga hai / yathA-- 1. gambhIratA vicakSaNatA evaM buddhimattA Adi guNoM se yukt| 2. jinamata kI carcA-vArtA meM nipuNa yA mukhya siddhAntoM kA jJAtA / 3. aneka sUtroM kA abhyaasii| 4. chedasUtroM meM pAraMgata / 5. prAcAra evaM prAyazcitta vidhAnoM meM kuzala / 6. jaghanya, madhyama yA utkRSTa bahuzruta / (1) jaghanyabahuzruta--prAcArAMga evaM nizIthasUtra ko artha sahita kaNThastha karane vaalaa| (2) madhyamabahuzruta-AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga aura cAra chedasUtroM ko artha sahita kaNThastha dhAraNa karane vaalaa| (3) utkRSTabahuzru ta--dRSTivAda ko dhAraNa karane vAlA arthAt navapUrvI se 14 pUrvI taka ! sabhI bahuzruta kahe gaye haiN| __jo alpabuddhi, atyadhika bhadra, alpa anubhavI evaM alpayAgamaabhyAsI hotA hai, vaha 'abahuzruta abahuprAgamajJa' kahA jAtA hai tathA kama se kama pAcArAMga, nizItha, Avazyaka, dazavaikAlika aura uttarAdhyayana sUtra ko artha sahita adhyayana karake unheM kaNThastha dhAraNa nahIM karane vAlA "prabahuzruta abahuAgamajJa" kahA jAtA hai| AcAraprakalpa--(1) prastuta tIsare sUtra meM "prAcAraprakalpadhArI hone kA vidhAna hai| (2) dazave uddezaka meM sarvaprathama "prAcAraprakalpa nAmaka adhyayana" kI vAcanA dene kA vidhAna hai|
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________________ 10 [vyavahArasUtra (3) pAMcaveM uddezaka meM "prAcAraprakalpa adhyayana" ko bhUla jAne vAle taruNa sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko prAyazcitta dene kA vidhAna hai| isa prakAra isa vyavahArasUtra meM kula solaha bAra "mAcAraprakalpa" yA "prAcAraprakalpa-adhyayana" kA kathana hai, yathA--- uddezaka sUtra 3, 10 meM eka-eka bAra, 17 meM eka bAra, 21, 22, 23 meM eka-eka bAra 15, 16, 18 meM do-do bAra 17, 18 meM do-do bAra naMdIsUtra meM kAlika utkAlika sUtroM kI sUcI meM 71 AgamoM ke nAma diye gaye haiN| unameM "prAcAraprakalpa" yA "prAcAraprakalpa-adhyayana" nAma kA koI bhI sUtra nahIM kahA gayA hai| ata: yaha samajhanA evaM vicAranA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai ki yaha "prAcAraprakalpa" kisa sUtra ke liye nirdiSTa hai aura kAlaparivartana se isakA nAma parivartana kisa prakAra huA hai| isa viSaya meM vyAkhyAkAra pUrvAcAryoM ke maMtavya isa prakAra ullikhita milate haiM (1) paMcavihe AyArappakappe paNNatte, taM jahA-1. mAsie ugghAie, 2. mAsie aNugdhAie, 3. cAumAsie ugghAie, 4. cAumAsie aNugghAie 5. paarovnnaa| TokA--AcArasya prathamAMgasya padavibhAgasamAcArIlakSaNaprakRSTakalpAbhidhAyakatvAt prakalpaH AcAraprakalpaH nizIthAdhyayanam / sa ca paMcavidhaH, paMcavidhaprAyazcittAbhidhAyakatvAt |-tthaannaaNg. a. 5 (2) AcAraH prathamAMgaH, tasya prakalpo adhyayanavizeSo, nizItham iti aparAbhidhAnasya / ____ --samavAyAMga. 28 (3) aSTAviMzatividhaH prAcAraprakalpaH nizIthAdhyayanam AcArAMgam ityarthaH / sa ca evaM(1) satyapariNNA jAva (25) vimuttI, (26) ugdhAi, (27) aNugdhAi (28) prArovaNA tivihamo nisIhaM tu, iti aThThAvIsaviho pAyArappakappanAmo tti| -rAjendra koza bhA. 2, pR. 349, "AyArapakappa" zabda / -praznavyAkaraNa sUtra a. 10. (4) AcAraH prAcArAMgam, prakalpo-nizIthAdhyayanam, tasyaiva paMcamacUlA / AcAreNa sahitaH prakalpaH AcAraprakalpa, paMcaviMzati adhyayanAtmakatvAt paMcaviMzatividhaH AcAraH, 1. udghAtimaM, 2. anudghAtimaM 3. ArovaNA iti tridhA prakalpomIlane assttaaviNshtividhH|| -~-abhi. rA. ko. bhAga 2 pR. 350, 'pAyArapakappa' zabda yahAM samavAyAMgasUtra evaM praznavyAkaraNasUtra ke mUla pATha meM aTThAIsa prakAra ke prAcAraprakalpa kA kathana kiyA gayA hai, jisameM sampUrNa pAcArAMgasUtra ke 25 adhyayana aura nizIthasUtra ke
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________________ tIsarA uddezaka [317 tIna vibhAga kA samAveza karake aTThAIsa kA yoga batAyA hai| prastuta sUtra meM solaha bAra "prAcAraprakalpa" kA kathana hai aura usake adhyayana ko atyadhika mahattva diyA hai| usase bhI vartamAna meM prasiddha donoM hI sUtroM ko samajhanA ucita pratIta hotA hai| kyoMki kevala prAcArAMgasUtra grahaNa kareM to "prakalpa' zabda nirarthaka ho jAtA hai aura kevala nizIthasUtra samajhe to AcArAMga kA adhyayana kiye binA nizIthasUtra kA adhyayana karanA mAnanA hogA, jo ki sarvathA anucita hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki prAyazcitta-vidhAnoM ke adhyayana ke pUrva prAcAra-vidhAnoM kA adhyayana karanA Avazyaka hotA hai / samavAyAMga aura praznavyAkaraNasUtra meM bhI sUtrakAra ne prAcAra sambaMdhI paccIsa adhyayana ke sAtha hI prAyazcitta rUpa adhyayana kaha kara aTThAIsa adhyayana ginAe haiN| naMdIstra kI racanA ke samaya prAyazcittavidhAyaka tIna vibhAgoM ke bIsa uddezaka prAcArAMgasUtra se pUrNataH pRthak ho cuke the aura unakA nAma "nizIthasUtra" rakha diyA gayA thaa| isI kAraNa naMdIsUtra meM "prakalpa" yA "AcAraprakalpa" nAmaka koI sUtra nahIM kahA gayA hai aura naMdIsUtra ke pUrvaracita sUtroM meM aneka jagaha prAcAraprakalpa kA kathana hai kintu vahAM "nizIthasUtra" nAma nahIM hai| ___ samavAyAMgasUtra ke uparyukta TIkAMza meM TIkAkAra ne spaSTa kiyA hai ki "prAcAra kA matalaba prathamAMga-yAcArAMgasUtra aura prakalpa kA matalaba usakA adhyayana vizeSa / jisakA ki prasiddha dUsarA nAma nizIthasUtra hai", isa prakAra donoM sUtra milakara hI sampUrNa prAcAraprakalpasUtra hai| 'prAcAra-prakalpa' zabda ke vaikalpika artha isa prakAra hote haiM1. prAcAra aura prAyazcittoM kA vidhAna karane vAlA sUtra nizItha-adhyayanayukta-prAcArAMga suutr| 2. AcAravidhAnoM ke prAyazcitta kA prarUpaka sUtra-nizIthasUtra / 3. AcAravidhAnoM ke bAda tatsaMbaMdhI prAyazcittoM ko kahane vAlA adhyayana--prAcAraprakalpa adhyayana-nizItha adhyayana / 4. prAcArAMga se pRthak kiyA gayA khaMDa yA vibhAga rUpa sUtra athavA adhyayana-prAcAraprakalpa adhyayana-nizothasUtra / saMkhyApradhAna ThANAMga aura samavAyAMga sUtra meM aneka apekSAoM se aneka prarUpaNa kiye gaye haiN| use ekAMtaapekSA se samajhanA ucitta nahIM hai| yathA-nizIthasUtra ke 20 uddezaka haiM kintu unheM vibhinna apekSAmoM se (tIna yA pAMca) hI ginAye gaye haiN| ThANAMgasUtra meM tIna anudghAtika bhI kahe gaye haiM aura pAMca anudghAtika bhI kaha die haiM / isI prakAra prAcAraprakalpa ke pAMca vibhAga bhI kahe gaye haiM aura aTThAIsa vibhAga bhI kahe gaye haiN| aise aneka udAharaNa haiM, ataH alpasaMkhyA ke kathana kA Agraha na rakhakara adhika saMkhyA arthAt aTThAIsa ko pUrNa mAnanA caahie| sArAMza yaha hai ki saMkSipta-apekSA se upalabdha nizIthasUtra ko Agama aura vyAkhyAoM meM AcAraprakalpa kahA gayA hai aura vistRta evaM paripUrNaapekSA se upalabdha AcArAMga aura nizIthasUtra donoM ko milAkara AcAraprakalpa kahA gayA hai| ataH niSkarSa yaha hai ki ye donoM eka hI sUtra ke do vibhAga haiN|
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________________ 318] [vyavahArasUtra naMdIsUtra kI racanA ke samaya usakA vibhakta honA evaM nizotha nAmakaraNa ho jAnA saMbhava hai| usake pUrva aneka prAgama sthAnoM meM nizotha nAma kA koI astitva nahIM hai, kevala 'prAcAraprakalpa' yA 'prAcAraprakalpa-adhyayana' ke nAma se vidhAna kiye haiN| nizIthasUtra ke alaga ho jAne ke kAraNa usake racanAkAra ke saMbaMdha meM aneka vicAra pracalita hue haiM, yathA 1. yaha vizAkhAgaNi dvArA pUrvo se uddhRta kiyA gayA hai| 2. samaya kI AvazyakatA ko lekara pAryarakSita ne isakI racanA kI hai / 3. caudahapUrvI bhadrabAhusvAmI ne nizotha sahita cAroM chedasUtroM ko pUrvo se uddhRta kiyA hai, ityAdi kalpanAeM kI gaI hai| vyavahArasUtra meM 'prAcAraprakalpa-DAdhyayana' kA varNana hai aura use sAdhu-sAdhvI donoM ko kaMThastha rakhane kA kathana hai aura vyavahArasUtra caudahapUrvI bhadrabAhusvAmo ke dvArA racita (niyUMDha) hai / ataH bhadrabAhusvAmI ke bAda meM hone vAle vizAkhAgaNi aura Arya rakSita ke dvArA prAcAraprakalpa kI racanA karane kI kalpanA karanA to spaSTa hI pAgama se viparIta hai| una donoM prAcAryoM meM se kisI eka ke dvArA pUrvazruta se uddha ta karanA mAna lene para nizIthasUtra ko pUrvazruta kA aMza mAnanA hogaa| jabaki vyavahArasUtra meM sAdhviyoM ko usake kaMThastha rakhane kA vidhAna hai aura sAdhviyoM ko pUrvo kA adhyayana vajita bhI hai / ataH ina donoM prAcAryoM ke dvArA pUrvo se uddha ta karane kA vikalpa bhI satya nahIM hai. kintu una prAcAryoM ke pahale bhI yaha prAcAraprakalpa pUrvI se bhinna zruta rUpa meM upalabdha thA, yaha nizcita hai| bhadrabAhusvAmI ne cAra chedasUtroM kI racanA nahIM kI thI kintu tIna chedasUtroM ko ho racanA ko thI, yaha dazAzrutaskaMdhasUtra kI niyukti kI prathama gAthA se spaSTa hai gAthA-vaMdAmi bhaddabAhuM, pAINaM carima-sagala-suya-NANi / suttassa phAragamisi, dasAsu kappe ya vavahAre // dazAzrutaskaMdha ke niyuktikartA dvitIya bhadrabAhusvAmI ne prathama bhadrabAhusvAmI ko prAcIna bhadrabAhu ke nAma se vaMdana karake unheM tIna sUtroM kI racanA karane vAlA kahA hai| bhadrabAhusvAmI ne yadi nizIthasUtra kI racanA kI hotI to ve vyavahArasUtra meM solaha bAra 'prAcAraprakalpa' kA prayoga karane ke sthAna meM yA adhyayanakrama kahane ke varNana meM kahIM nizItha kA bhI nAma nirdeza kara dete| kintu adhyayanakrama meM bhI nizItha kA nAma nahIM diyA gayA hai, prAcAraprakalpa aura 'dasA-kappa-vavahAra' nAma diye haiN| ataH nizothasUtra ko bhadrabAhu ko racanA kahanA bhI pramANasaMgata nahIM haiN| ina saba vicAraNAoM se yaha siddha hotA hai ki yaha kisI ko racanA nahIM hai kintu AcArAMga ke adhyayana ko kisI Azaya se pRthaka kiyA gayA hai| kaba kisane pRthak kiyA, kaba taka prAcAraprakalpa nAma rahA aura kaba nizItha nAma humA, yaha jAnane kA AdhAra nahIM milatA hai| tathApi naMdIsUtra ko racanA ke samaya yaha pRthakho gayA thA aura isakA nAma bhI nizIthasUtra nizcitta ho gayA thA tathA prAcAra
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________________ tIsarA uddezaka] [319 prakalpa nAma kA koI bhI sUtra usa samaya prasiddhi meM nahIM rahA thA phira bhI prAcAraprakalpa ke nAma se aneka vidhAna to Aja taka bhI AgamoM meM upalabdha haiN| prastuta prathama sUtra dvika meM upAdhyAya pada yogya bhikSu ke lie isake adhyayana karane kA aura artha sahita kaNThastha dhAraNa karane kA vidhAna hai| yaha upAdhyAya pada yogya bhikSu ke lie Avazyaka jaghanyazruta hai / isake kaNThastha na hone para vaha upAdhyAya pada para sthApita karane ke ayogya kahA gayA hai| dasA-kappa-vavahAradhare dvitIya sUtradvika meM AcArya pada ke yogyAyogya kA kathana karate hue jaghanya pAMca varSa kI dIkSAparyAya evaM anya bahuzruta payaMta ke sabhI guNoM ko kaha kara kama se kama tIna chedasUtroM ko dhAraNa karanA Avazyaka kahA hai| __mUla pATha meM inake lie 'chedasUtra' zabda kA prayoga nahIM hai tathA naMdIsUtra meM kahI gaI sUtrasUcI meM bhI inheM chedasUtra nahIM kahA gayA hai| anya AgamoM meM bhI 'chedasUtra' zabda kA prayoga nahIM hai / bhASya, cUNi Adi vyAkhyAnoM meM 'chedasUtra' zabda kA prayoga milatA hai| ataH naMdI kI racanA ke bAda vyAkhyAkAroM ke samaya meM ina sUtroM kI 'chedasUtra' saMjJA ho gaI hai / nizIthasUtra u. 19 meM Aye "uttama zruta' nirdeza kI vyAkhyA meM dRSTi vAda athavA chedasUtroM ko 'uttamazruta' mAnA gayA hai, vahAM sUtra meM prAcArazAstra kA adhyayana karAne ke pUrva 'uttamazruta' kA adhyayana karAne para prAyazcitta kahA hai| yahAM 'dasA' zabda se dazAzrutaskaMdhasUtra, 'kappa' zabda se bRhatkalpasUtra aura 'vavahAra' zabda se vyavahArasUtra kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| ye tInoM sUtra caudahapUrvI prathama bhadrabAhusvAmI dvArA racita (niyUMDha) haiM, yaha nirvivAda hai| AgamoM meM eka vizeSa prakAra kI zailI upalabdha hai, jisase kinhIM sUtroM meM svayaM usI.sUtra kA nAma diyA gayA hai / yathA-naMdIsUtra meM naMdIsUtra kA nAma, samavAyAMgasUtra meM samavAyAMgasUtra kA nAma / isI prakAra prastuta vyavahArasUtra meM bhI vyavahArasUtra ke adhyayana kA nirdeza do rathaloM meM kiyA gayA hai-- prastuta sUtra 5 meM tathA dasaveM uddezaka ke adhyayanakrama meM / vizeSa prakAra kI zailI ke atirikta isameM koI aitihAsika kAraNa bhI ho sakatA hai| anveSaka bahuzruta isa viSaya kA manana karake kucha na kucha rahasyodghATana karane kA prayatna kreN| ThANa-samavAyadhare--tRtIya sUtradvika meM gaNAvacchedaka pada ke yogyAyogya bhikSu kA kathana karate hue ATha varSa kI dIkSAparyAya evaM bahuzruta paryaMta ke sabhI guNoM ko kahakara kama se kama ThANAMgasUtra aura samavAyAMgasUtra ko kaNThastha dhAraNa karanA Avazyaka kahA hai / yadyapi gaNAvacchedaka se AcArya aura upAdhyAya ke pada kA vizeSa mahattva hai tathApi kAryoM kI apekSA evaM gaNa-citA kI apekSA gaNAvacchedaka kA kSetra vizAla hotA hai| ataH inake lie jaghanya dIkSAparyAya evaM jaghanyazruta bhI adhika kahA gayA hai| yahAM sUtra meM gaNAvacchedaka ke sAtha-sAtha anya padaviyoM kA bhI saMgraha kaI pratiyoM meM kiyA gayA hai, jinakI kula saMkhyA kucha pratiyoM meM 6 yA 7 bhI milatI hai / bhASyAdi vyAkhyAnanthoM meM kahA hai ki pratyeka vizAla gaccha meM pAMca padavIdharoM kA honA Avazyaka hai| anyathA usa gaccha ko sAdhunoM ke
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________________ 320] [vyavahArasUtra samAdhi se rahane ke ayogya, avyasthita aura tyAjya gaccha kahA hai| ve pAMca padaviyAM ye haiM--(1) prAcArya, (2) upAdhyAya, (3) pravartaka, (4) sthavira, (5) gaNAvacchedaka / inameM se pravartaka ke atirikta cAra padavIdharoM ke kartavya, adhikAra Adi kA kathana aneka AgamoM meM hai| yathA--(1) prAcArya aura upAdhyAya ke netRtva ke binA bAla taruNa saMtoM ko rahanA hI niSiddha hai / (2) kucha aise Avazyaka kartavya hote haiM jo "sthavira" ko pUchakara karane kA vidhAna hai| (3) prAyazcita denA yA gaccha se alaga karanA Adi kArya gaNAvacchedaka ke nirdezAnusAra kie jAne kA kathana hai / bhASyAdi vyAkhyAgranthoM meM pravartaka kA kArya zramaNa-samAcArI meM pravRtti karAne kA kahA gayA hai| ina pAMca ke atirikta sUtroM meM gaNI aura gaNadhara pada ke pATha bhI milate haiN| inameM se "gaNadhara" kI vyAkhyA isa uddezaka ke prathama sUtra meM kI gaI hai aura gaNI zabda prAcArya kA hI paryAyavAcI zabda hai arthAt gaNa-gaccha ko dhAraNa karane vAlA "gaNI" yA prAcArya hotA hai| yathA-- ThANA. a. 3, a. 8; uttarA. a. 3 aura vyava. u.1/abhi. rA. koza bhA. 3, pR. 823 / ___ athavA eka pramukha AcArya kI nizrA meM anya aneka choTe prAcArya (kucha ziSyoM ke) hote haiM, ve gaNI kahe jAte haiN| prastuta satradvaya (7-8) kA vidhAna gaNAvacchedaka aura sthavira ke lie to ucita hai, kintu gaNI gaNadhara aura pravartaka ke lie ATha varSa kI dIkSAparyAya aura ukta zruta kA kaNThastha honA anivArya nahIM ho sktaa| kyoMki tIna yA pAMca varSa kI dIkSAparyAya se hI unakI yogyatA aMkita kI jA sakatI hai| sthavira kA samAveza to gaNAvacchedaka meM ho sakatA hai, kyoMki gaNAvacchedaka zruta kI apekSA sthavira hI hote haiM / ataH yaha tIsarA sUtra dvika gaNAvacchedaka se sambandhita hai| zeSa padaviyoM kA sUtra ke anta meM jo saMgraha milatA hai, ve zabda kabhI kAlAntara se kisI ke dvArA adhika jor3a diye gaye haiN| aisA bhI sambhava hai, kyoMki upalabdha pratiyoM meM ye zabda hInAdhika milate haiM aura prasaMgasaMgata bhI nahIM haiN| yadyapi tInoM sUtradvika meM kramaza: (1) prAcAraprakalpa, (2) dasA-kappa-vavahAra, (3) ThANAMga, samavAyAMga, jaghanyazruta-adhyayana evaM dhAraNa karanA kahA gayA hai, tathApi adhyayanakrama ke dasaveM uddezaka ke vidhAna se evaM nizItha uddezaka 19 ke prAyazcitta-vidhAnoM evaM usakI vyAkhyA se yaha siddha hotA (1) upAdhyAya ke lie-~~1. zrAvazyakasUtra 2, dazavaikAlikasUtra, 3. uttarAdhyayanasUtra, 4. AcArAMgasUtra 5 nizIthasUtra, yoM kama se kama pAMca sUtroM ko kaNThastha dhAraNa karanA anivArya hai| (2) prAcArya ke lie-1. aAvazyaka, 2. dazavaikAlika, 3. uttarAdhyayana, 4. AcArAMga, 5. nizItha, 6, sUtrakRtAMga, 7. dazAzrutaskandha, 8. bRhatkalpa, 9. vyavahArasUtra, yoM kama se kama kula 9 sUtroM ko kaNThastha dhAraNa karanA Avazyaka hai| (3) gaNAvacchedaka ke lie-uparyukta 9 aura ThAgAMNasUtra, samavAyAMgasUtra, yoM kama se kama gyAraha sUtroM ko kaNThastha dhAraNa karanA anivArya hai| sUtrAdhyayana sambaMdhI vizeSa spaSTIkaraNa ke lie nizItha udde. 19 dekheN|
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________________ tIsarA uddezaka] [321 alpadIkSAparyAya vAle ko pada dene kA vidhAna 9. niruddhapariyAe samaNe niggaMthe kappai tadivasaM pAyariya-uvajJAyattAe udisitte| pa0-se kimAhu bhNte| u0-asthi NaM therANaM tahArUvANi kulANi, kaDANi, pattiyANi, thejjANi vesAsiyANi, sammayANi, sammuikarANi, aNumayANi, bahumayANi bhvNti| tehi kaDehi, tehi pattiehi, tehi thegjehi, tehi vesAsiehi, tehi sammaehi, tehi sammuikarehi, tehi aNumahi, tehi bahumahiM / jaM se niruddhapariyAe samaNe niggaMthe kappai Ayariya-uvajjhAyattAe uddisittae taddivasaM / 10. niruddhavAsapariyAe samaNe NiggaMthe kappai Ayariya-uvajjhAyattAe uddisittae, samuccheyakappaMsi / tassa NaM AyAra-pakappassa dese avaTThie, se ya ahijjissAmi tti ahijjejjA, evaM se kappai Ayariya-uvajjhAyattAe uddisitte| se ya ahijjissAmi ti no ahijjejjA, evaM se no kappaI Ayariya-uvajjhAyattAe uddisitte| 9. niruddha (alpa) paryAya vAlA zramaNa nirgrantha jisa dina dIkSita ho, usI dina use prAcArya yA upAdhyAya pada denA kalpatA hai| pra0---he bhagavan ! aisA kahane kA kyA kAraNa hai ? u0-sthaviroM ke dvArA tathArUpa se bhAvita prItiyukta, sthira, vizvasta, sammata, pramudita, anumata aura bahumata aneka kula hote haiN| una bhAvita prItiyukta, sthira, vizvasta, sammata, pramudita, anumata aura bahumata kula se dIkSita jo niruddha (alpa) paryAya vAlA zramaNa nirgrantha hai, use usI dina prAcArya yA upAdhyAya pada denA kalpatA hai| 10. AcArya yA upAdhyAya ke kAla-dharmaprApta (maraNa) ho jAne para niruddha (alpa) varSa paryAya vAle zramaNa nirgrantha ko prAcArya yA upAdhyAya pada denA kalpatA hai| _usake prAcAraprakalpa kA kucha aMza adhyayana karanA zeSa ho aura vaha adhyayana pUrNa karane kA saMkalpa rakhakara pUrNa kara le to use prAcArya yA upAdhyAya pada denA kalpatA hai| kintu yadi vaha zeSa adhyayana pUrNa karane kA saMkalpa rakhakara bhI use pUrNa na kare to use prAcArya yA upAdhyAya pada denA nahIM kalpatA hai / vivecana-pUrva ke chaha sUtroM meM prAcArya Adi pada dene yogya bhikSu ke guNoM kA varNana karate hue utsargavidhi kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| isa sUtradvika meM dIkSAparyAya evaM zruta-adhyayana sambandhI apavAda
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________________ 322] [vyavahArasUtra vidhi kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| arthAt pUrva sUtroM meM kama se kama tIna varSa evaM pAMca varSa kI dIkSAparyAya kA honA kramaza: upAdhyAya evaM AcArya ke lie anivArya kahA gayA hai aura ina sUtroM meM usI dina ke dIkSita bhikSu ko yA anivArya varSoM se kama varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAle ko athavA Avazyaka zruta-adhyayana apUrNa ho aise bhikSu ko paristhitivaza AcArya upAdhyAya pada dene kA vidhAna kiyA hai| ina sUtroM kA tAtparya yaha hai ki yadi kisI meM sUtrokta pada ke yogya anya sabhI guNa hoM to kisI vizeSa paristhiti meM zruta-dhAraNa kI yA dIkSAparyAya kI apUrNatA ko nagaNya kiyA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki anya sabhI guNa vidyamAna hone se zruta aura dIkSA-paryAya kI kamI kI pUrti to pada dene ke bAda bhI ho sakatI hai| nauveM sUtra meM usI dina ke dIkSita bhikSu ko pada dene kA kathana karate hue usake parivAra kI dharmaniSThA evaM kulInatA kI parAkASThA sUcita kI gaI hai evaM sUtra ke aMta meM aise guNasaMpanna kuloM se dIkSita hone vAle bhikSu ko usI dina pada dene kA upasaMhAra-vAkya kahA gayA hai / dasaveM sUtra meM apUrNa sUtra ke adhyayana ko pUrNa karane kI zarta kahI gaI hai arthAt pada dene ke pUrva yA pazcAt zIghra hI avazeSa zruta ko pUrNa karanA Avazyaka kahA hai| ina sUtroM meM do prakAra kI gaNasthiti ko lakSya meM rakha kara kathana kiyA gayA hai-(1) gaNa meM rahe hue sAdhuoM meM sarvAnumata evaM anuzAsanavyavasthA saMbhAlane yogya koI bhI nahIM hai, usa samaya kisI yogya bhAvita kula ke pratibhAsaMpanna vyakti kA dIkSita honA sUcita kiyA gayA hai| (2) gaNa meM dIrgha dIkSAparyAya vAle evaM zrutasaMpanna sAdhuoM meM koI bhI pada-yogya nahIM hai, kiMtu alpaparyAya vAlA evaM apUrNa zruta vAlA bhikSu yogya hai, aisI paristhitiyoM meM use pada para niyukta karanA sUcita kiyA hai| navadIkSita bhikSu ke sUtraNita pArivArika guNa 1. tathArUpa kuzala sthaviroM dvArA dharmabhAvanA se bhAvita kiye gaye kula / 2. pattiyANi-'prItikarANi, vainayikAni kRtAni'-vinayasaMpanna kula / 3. thejjANi-'prItikaratayA gacchacitAyAM pramANabhUtAni-gaccha meM prIti hone se gaccha ke kAryasampAdAna meM pramANabhUta / 4. vesAsiyANi-AtmAnaM anyeSAM gacchavAsinA mAyArahitAni kRtatayA vizvAsasthAnAnigaccha ke samasta sAdhuoM ke vizvAsayogya sarala svbhaavii| 5. sammayANi--teSu teSu prayojaneSu iSTAni-saMgha ke aneka kAryoM meM iSTa / 6. sammuikarANi-bahuzo vigraheSu samutpanneSu gaNasya samuditaM akArSIt-gaccha meM utpanna kleza ko zAMta karake gaccha ko prasanna rakhane vaale| 7. aNamayANi-bahumayANi-gacchagata bAla mlAna vRddha Adi sabhI ko mAnya, bahumAnya prAdeya vacana vaale|
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________________ tIsarA uddezaka] 8. tehi kahi jAba tehiM bahumahi-aise bhAvita yAvat saba ko mAnya parivAra vAle sadasyoM meM se koI dIkSA lene vAlA bhikSu ho to use kappai Ayariya-uvajjhAyattAe uddisittae tadivasaM--usI dina dIkSA dekara prAcArya upAdhyAya pada diyA jA sakatA hai| bhASya meM isa sUtra kI vyAkhyA karate hue mohavaza yA svArthavaza pArivArika logoM dvArA balAt dIkSA chur3avA kara ghara le jAye gaye vyakti ke kAlAMtara se punaH dIkSita hone para use usI dina pada dene kA saMbaMdha batAyA hai, kiMtu yaha kalpanA sUtra ke prAzaya ke anukUla nahIM hai| kyoMki sUtra meM usake pUrva dIkSAparyAya saMbaMdhI guNoM yA upalabdhiyoM kA koI kathana nahIM kiyA gayA hai, apitu pArivArika logoM kI pUrNa dharmaniSThA kA varNana kiyA hai / zAstrakAra dvArA aise sadguNoM se sampanna pArivArika janoM ke dvArA balAt moha se svArthavaza apaharaNa kI kalpanA karanA upayukta nahIM hai / ataH aise zreSTha guNasaMpanna bhAvita kula se dIkSita hone vAlA navadIkSita bhikSu hI 'niruddhaparyAya' zabda se abhISTa hai|| bhASya meM dasaveM sUtra kI vyAkhyA karate hue batAyA gayA hai ki saMyama meM kisI prakAra ke doSoM ko sevana karane para jisakI dIkSAparyAya kA chedana kara diyA gayA ho, jisase usakI dIkSAparyAya padaprApti ke yogya nahIM rahI ho aise bhikSu ko pada dene kA varNana hai| kiMtu sUtra ke viSaya kI isa prakAra saMgati karanA bhI upayukta nahIM lagatA hai| kyoMki aise dIkSAchedana yogya doSoM se khaMDita AcAra bAle ko pada denA hI ucita nahIM hai| satra meM usake prAcAraprakalpa adhyayana kI apUrNatA bhI kahI hai| isase bhI alpavarSa kI prArambhika dIkSAparyAya vAle kA hI kathana siddha hotA hai / kyoMki adhika dIkSAparyAya taka bhI jisakA prAcAraprakalpa-adhyayana pUrNa na ho aise jaDabuddhi aura dIkSAcheda ke prAyazcitta ko prApta bhikSu ko pada denA zobhAjanaka evaM pragatikAraka nahIM ho sakatA aura vAstava meM aisA vyakti to pUrva sUtroM ke anusAra sabhI padoM ke sarvathA ayogya hotA hai| usake lie to sUtra meM apavAdavidhAna bhI nahIM hai| __ ataH ina sUtroM meM prayukta niruddha' zabda se 'pUrva dIkSA kA nirodha' yA 'chedana' artha na karake 'alpa varSa kI dIkSAparyAya' evaM 'atyaMta alpa saMyamaparyAya' arthAta dIkSA ke prathama dina pada dene kA pra karanA caahie| AgamoM meM 'niruddha' zabda 'alpa' yA 'atyalpa' artha meM prayukta huA hai| yathA1. sanniruddhammi Aue-atyaMta alpa Ayu vAle isa manuSya bhava meM, 2. niruddhAyu-alpa Ayu, 3. niruddhabhavapavaMce saMsArabhramaNa jisakA alpa raha gayA hai, 4. niruddhavAsa-Avazyaka varSoM se alpa varSa paryAya vaalaa| zabdoM ke aneka artha hote haiM, kaI vyutpattiparaka bhI hote haiM, kaI rUDha artha bhii| unameM se kahIM rUDha artha prAsaMgika hotA hai, kahIM vyutpattiparaka artha prAsaMgika hotA hai aura kahIM donoM yA aneka artha bhI apekSA se ghaTita ho jAte haiM / ataH jo artha sUtrAzaya ke anukUla ho evaM anya bhAgamavidhAnoM se aviruddha ho, aisA hI sUtra kA evaM zabdoM kA artha-bhAvArtha karanA caahie|
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________________ 324] [vyavahArasUtra isI prAzaya se sUtrArtha evaM bhAvArtha bhASya se bhinna prakAra kA kiyA hai| yadyapi bhASya meM prAyaH sarvatra aneka saMbhAvita arthoM kA saMgraha kiyA jAtA hai aura pramukha rUpa se sUtrAzaya ke anurUpa artha kaunasA hai, ise bhI 'suttanivAto' zabda se gAthA meM sUcita kiyA jAtA hai / tathApi kahIM-kahIM kisI sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM kevala eka hI artha bhAvArtha meM vyAkhyA pUrNa kara dI jAtI hai, jo ki Agama se aviruddha bhI nahIM hotI hai| isalie aise nimnAMkita sthaloM para bhASya se sarthathA bhinna artha-vivecana karanA par3A haiyathA-(1) nizIthasUtra u. 2, sU. 1 'pAdapoMchana' (2) nizIthasUtra u. 2, sU. 8 'visuyAvei' (3) nizIthasUtra u. 3, sU. 73 'golehaNiyAsu' (4) nizIthasUtra u. 3, sU. 80 'aNuggaesUrie' (5-6) nizIthasUtra u. 19, sU. 1 aura 6 'viyaDa' aura 'gAlei' (7) vyavahAra u. 2, sU. 17 'praTThajAya' (8) vyavahAra u. 3, sU. 1-2 'gaNadhAraNa' (9) vyavahAra u. 9, sU. 31 'soDiyasAlA' (10) vyavahAra u. 10, sU. 22 'tivAsapariyAe' (11) vyavahAra u. 3, sU. 10 palAsagaMsi' (12-13) tathA prastuta donoM sUtra meM 'niruddhapariyAe, niruddhavAsapariyAe / ina viSayoM kI vistRta jAnakArI ke lie sUcita sthaloM ke vivecana dekheN| nirgrantha nirgranthI ko AcArya ke netRtva binA rahane kA niSedha 11. niggaMthassa NaM nava-Dahara-taruNassa prAyariya-uvajjhAe vIsubhejjA, no se kappar3a praNAriya-uvajjhAie hotte| kappai se puThavaM AyariyaM uddisAvettA tano pacchA uvajjhAyaM / 50-se kimAhu bhaMte ! u0-du-saMgahie samaNe niggaMthe, taM jahA-1. prAyarieNa ya, 2. uvajjhAeNa ya / 12. niggaMthIe NaM nava-Dahara-taruNIe Ayariya-uvajjhAe, pattiNI ya vIsu bhejjA, no se kappai aNAyariya-uvajjhAiyAe apavittiNiyAe hotte| kappai se puvvaM AyariyaM uddisAvettA tao uvajjhAyaM tao pacchA pavattiNi / pa0-se kimAhu bhaMte ? u0--ti-saMgahiyA samaNI niggaMthI, taM jahA--1. pAyarieNa ya, 2. uvajjhAeNa ya, 3. pavattiNIe ya / 11. navadIkSita, bAlaka yA taruNa nirgrantha ke prAcArya aura upAdhyAya kI yadi mRtyu ho jAe to use prAcArya aura upAdhyAya ke binA rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai|
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________________ tIsarA uddezaka] [325 use pahale prAcArya kI aura bAda meM upAdhyAya ko nizrA (adhInatA) svIkAra karake hI rahanA caahie| pra0-he bhagavan ! aisA kahane kA kyA kAraNa hai ? u0--zramaNa nirgrantha do ke netRtva meM hI rahate haiM, yathA-1. AcArya aura 2. upAdhyAya / 12. navadIkSitA, bAlikA yA taruNI nirgranthoM ke prAcArya, upAdhyAya aura pravatinI kI yadi mRtyu ho jAve to use prAcArya upAdhyAya aura pravartinI ke binA rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| use pahale prAcArya kI, bAda meM upAdhyAya kI aura bAda meM pravartinI kI nizrA (adhInatA) svIkAra karake hI rahanA caahie| pra0-he bhagavan ! aisA kahane kA kyA kAraNa hai ? u0-zramaNI nirgranthI tIna ke netRtva meM hI rahatI hai, yathA-1. prAcArya, 2. upAdhyAya aura 3. prvrtinii| vivecana-nava, Dahara, taruNa kA spaSTArtha bhASya meM isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai tivariso hoi navo, prAsolasagaM tu DaharagaM beti / taruNo cattAloso, sattari uNa majjhimo, therao seso / tIna varSa kI dIkSA paryAya paryaMta navadIkSita kahA jAtA hai| cAra varSa se lekara solaha varSa kI umra paryaMta Dahara-bAla kahA jAtA hai / solaha varSa kI umra se lekara cAlIsa varSa paryaMta taruNa kahA jAtA hai| sattara varSa meM eka kama arthAt unasattara (69) varSa paryanta madhyama (prauDha) kahA jAtA hai| sattara varSa se Age zeSa sabhI vaya vAle sthavira kahe jAte haiN| -bhASya gA. 220 evaM ttiikaa| Agama meM sATha varSa vAle ko sthavira kahA hai| -vyava. u. 10.-ThANaM a. 3. bhASyagAthA 221 meM yaha spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki navadIkSita bhikSu bAla ho yA taruNa ho, madhyama vaya vAlA ho athavA sthavira ho, use prAcArya upAdhyAya kI nizrA ke binA rahanA yA vicaraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| adhika dIkSAparyAya vAlA bhikSa yadi cAlIsa varSa se kama vaya vAlA ho to use bhI prAcArya upAdhyAya kI nizrA binA rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki bAla yA taruNa vaya vAle bhikSa aura navadIkSita bhikSa eka hoM yA aneka hoM, unheM AcArya aura upAdhyAya kI nizrA meM hI rahanA Avazyaka hai / jisa gaccha meM AcArya upAdhyAya kAladharma prApta ho jAe athavA jisa gaccha meM prAcArya upAdhyAya na hoM to bAla-taruNa-navadIkSita bhikSa oM ko prAcArya upAdhyAya ke binA yA prAcArya upAdhyAya rahita gaccha meM kiMcit bhI rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai / unheM prathama apanA AcArya niyukta karanA cAhie tatpazcAt upAdhyAya niyukta karanA cAhie / sUtra meM prazna kiyA gayA hai-- "he bhagavAn ! AcArya upAdhyAya binA rahanA hI nahIM, aisA kahane kA kyA Azaya hai ?"
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________________ 326] [vyavahArasUtra ___ isakA samAdhAna yaha kiyA gayA hai ki ye ukta vaya vAle zramaNa nirgrantha sadA do se saMgrahIta hote haiM arthAt inake liye sadA do kA netRtva honA atyanta Avazyaka hai--1. AcArya 2. upAdhyAya kA / tAtparya yaha hai ki prAcArya ke netRtva se inakI saMyamasamAdhi rahatI hai aura upAdhyAya ke netRtva se inakA AgamAnusAra vyavasthita adhyayana hotA hai| dUsare sUtra meM nava, Dahara evaM taruNa sAdhvI ke liye bhI yahI vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| unheM bhI prAcArya, upAdhyAya aura pravartinI ina tIna kI nizrA ke binA rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| isa sUtra meM bhI prazna karake uttara meM yahI kahA gayA hai ki ye ukta baya vAlI sAdhviyAM sadA tona kI nizrA se hI surakSita rahatI haiN| sUtra meM "niggaMthassa nava-Dahara-taruNagassa" aura "NiggaMthIe Nava-Dahara-taruNIe" isa prakAra kA prayoga hai, yahAM bahavacana kA yA gaNa kA kathana nahIM hai, jisase yaha vidhAna pratyeka 'nava Dahara taruNa' bhikSa ke liye samajhanA cAhie / ataH jisa gaccha meM prAcArya aura upAdhyAya do padavIdhara nahIM haiM, vahAM ukta nava Dahara taruNa sAdhuoM ko rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai aura ina do ke atirikta pravartino na ho to vahAM ukta nava Dahara taruNa sAdhviyoM ko rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai / / tAtparya yaha hai ki ukta sAdhunoM se yukta pratyeka gaccha meM prAcArya upAdhyAya do padavIdhara honA Avazyaka hai| yadi aise gaccha meM kevala eka padavIdhara sthApita kare yA eka bhI padavIdhara niyukta na kare kevala ratnAdhika kI nizrA se rahe to isa prakAra se rahanA Agama-viparIta hai| kyoMki ina sUtroM se yaha spaSTa hai ki alpasaMkhyaka gaccha meM yA vizAla gaccha meM prAcArya aura upAdhyAya kA honA Avazyaka hai, yahI jinAjJA hai| yadi kisI gaccha meM 2-4 sAdhu hI hoM aura unameM koI sUtrokta nava Dahara taruNa na ho arthAt sabhI prauDha evaM sthavira hoM to ve binA AcArya upAdhyAya ke vicaraNa kara sakate haiM, kintu yadi unameM nava Dahara taruNa hoM to unheM kisI bhI gaccha ke AcArya upAdhyAya kI nizrA lekara hI rahanA cAhie anyathA unakA vihAra Agamaviruddha hai| ___ isI prakAra sAdhviyA~ bhI 5-10 hoM, jinake koI prAcArya upAdhyAya yA pravartinI na ho yA unhoMne kisI paristhiti se gaccha kA tyAgakara diyA ho aura unameM nava Dahara taruNa sAdhviyA~ hoM to unheM bhI kisI AcArya aura upAdhyAya kI nizrA svIkAra karanA Avazyaka hai evaM apanI pravartinI niyukta karanA bhI Avazyaka hai / anyathA unakA vihAra bhI Agamaviruddha hai / ina sUtroM se yaha bhI spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki sthAnAMga a. 3 meM kahe gaye bhikSu ke dUsare manoratha ke anusAra athavA anya kisI pratijJA ko dhAraNa karane vAlA bhikSu aura dazavai. cU. 2, gA. 10; uttarA. a. 32, gA. 5; prAcA. zru. 1, pra. 6, u. 2; sUya. zru. 1, a. 10 gA. 11 meM kahe gaye saparisthitika prazasta ekalavihAra ke anusAra akelA vicaraNa karane vAlA bhikSu bhI yadi nava Dahara yA taruNa hai to usakA vaha vihAra Agamaviruddha hai| ataH uparyukta Agamasammata ekalavihAra bhI prauDha evaM sthavira bhikSa hI kara sakate haiM jo navadIkSita na hoN| tAtparya yaha hai ki tIna varSa kI dIkSAparyAya aura cAlIsa varSa kI umra ke pahale kisI bhI prakAra kA ekalavihAra yA gacchatyAga karanA ucita nahIM hai aura vaha AgamaviparIta hai|
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________________ tIsarA uddezaka] [327 bIsa varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlA paryAyasthavira hone se 29 varSa kI vaya meM vaha prAcArya kI prAjJA lekara ekalavihAra sAdhanAe~ kara sakatA hai| kintu saparisthitika ekala vihAra yA gacchatyAga nahIM kara sktaa| aise spaSTa vidhAna vAle sUtra evaM artha ke upalabdha hote hue bhI samAja meM nimna pravatiyAM yA paramparAeM calatI haiM, ve ucita nahIM kahI jA sakatIM / yathA--- (1) kevala prAcArya pada se gaccha calAnA aura upAdhyAya pada niyukta na karanA / (2) koI bhI pada niyukta na karane ke Agraha se vizAla gaccha ko avyavasthita calAte rhnaa| (3) ukta vaya ke pUrva hI gacchatyAga krnaa|| aisA karane meM spaSTa rUpa se ukta prAgamavidhAna kI svamati se upekSA karanA hai| isa upekSA se hone vAlI hAniyAM isa prakAra haiM 1. gacchagata sAdhuoM ke vinaya, adhyayana, AcAra evaM saMyamasamAdhi kI avyavasthA prAdi aneka doSoM kI utpatti hotI hai| 2. sAdhuoM meM svacchandatA evaM prAcAra-vicAra kI bhinnatA ho jAne se kramazaH gaccha kA vikAsa na hokara adhaHpatana hotA hai| 3. sAdhutroM meM prema evaM saMyamasamAdhi naSTa hotI hai aura klezoM kI vRddhi hotI hai / 4. antataH gaccha bhI chinna-bhinna hotA rahatA hai| ataH pratyeka gaccha meM prAcArya upAdhyAya donoM padoM para kisI ko niyukta karanA Avazyaka hai / yadi koI prAcArya upAdhyAya padoM ko lenA yA gaccha meM ye pada niyukta karanA abhimAnasUcaka evaM klezavRddhi karAne vAlA mAnakara sadA ke liye padarahita gaccha rakhane kA Agraha rakhate haiM aura aisA karate hue apane ko nirabhimAna honA vyakta karate haiM, to aisA mAnanA evaM karanA unakA sarvathA anucita hai aura jinAjJA kI avahelanA evaM prAsAtanA karanA bhI hai / kyoMki jinAjJA prAcArya upAdhyAya niyukta karane kI hai tathA namaskAramaMtra meM bhI ye do svatantra pada kahe gaye haiN| ataH uparyukta Agraha meM sUtravidhAnoM se bhI apanI samajha ko sarvopari mAnane kA ahaM siddha hotA hai| yadi prAcArya upAdhyAya pada ke abhAva meM nirabhimAna aura klezarahita honA sabhI vizAla gaccha vAle soca leM to namaskAra maMtra ke do padoM kA honA hI nirarthaka siddha hogaa| jisase pada-niyukti sambandhI sAre AgamavidhAnoM kA bhI koI mahattva nahIM rhegaa| isaliye apane vicAroM kA yA paramparA kA Agraha na rakhate hue saralatApUrvaka prAgamavidhAnoM ke anusAra hI pravRtti karanA caahie| sArAMza (1) pratyeka nava Dahara taruNa sAdhu ko do- aura sAdhvI ko tIna padavIdharayukta gaccha meM hI rahanA caahie| (2) ina padavIdharoM se rahita gaccha meM nahIM rahanA caahie|
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________________ 328] [vyavahArasUtra (3) sUtrokta vaya ke pUrva ekalavihAra yA gacchatyAga kara svatantra vicaraNa bhI nahIM karanA caahie| (4) koI paristhiti vizeSa ho to anya prAcArya evaM upAdhyAya se yukta gaccha kI nizrA lekara vicaraNa karanA caahie| (5) gacchapramukhoM ko cAhie ki ve apane gaccha ko 2 yA 3 pada se kabhI bhI rikta na rkheN| abrahmasevI ko pada dene ke vidhi-niSedha 13. bhikkhU ya gaNAmo avakkamma mehuNadhamma paDisevejjA, tiNi saMvaccharANi tassa tappattiyaM no kappai AyariyataM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM vA udisittae vA dhArettae vaa| ____ tihi saMvaccharehi vIikkatehi cautthagaMsi saMvaccharaMsi paTTiyaMsi Thiyassa, uvasaMtassa, uvarayassa, paDivirayassa, nivvagArassa, evaM se kappai prAyariyattaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM yA uhisittae vA dhArettae vaa| 14. gaNAvaccheie ya gaNAvaccheyattaM anikkhivittA mehuNadhamma paDisevejjA, jAvajjIvAe tassa tappattiyaM no kappai AyariyataM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vA / 15. gaNAvacchehae ya gaNAvaccheiyattaM nikkhivittA mehuNadhamma paDisevejjA, tiNi saMvaccharANi tassa tappattiyaM no kappai AyariyattaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vaa| tihi saMvaccharehi vIikkatehiM cautthagaMsi saMvaccharaMsi paTTiyaMsi Thiyassa uvasaMtassa, uvarayassa, paDivirayassa, nivigArassa, evaM se kappai AyariyattaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vaa| 16. Ayariya-uvajjhAe ya Ayariya-uvajJAyattaM anikkhivittA mehaNadhamma paDisevejjA, jAvajjIvAe tassa tappattiyaM no kappai AyariyattaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vaa| 17. Ayariya-uvajjhAe ya Ayariya-uvajjhAyattaM nikkhivittA mehuNadhamma paDisevejjA, tiNi saMvaccharANi tassa tappattiyaM no kappai pAyariyattaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vaa| tihiM saMvaccharehi vIikkatehiM cautthagaMsi saMvaccharaMsi paTThiyaMsi Thiyassa uvasaMtassa, uvarayassa, paDivirayassa, nivAgArassa, evaM se kappai AyariyattaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vaa|
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________________ tIsarA uddezaka] [329 13. yadi koI bhikSu gaNa ko chor3akara maithuna kA pratisevana kare arthAt maithunasevana kare to use ukta kAraNa se tIna varSa paryanta prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA usako dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| tIna varSa vyatIta hone para aura cauthe varSa meM praveza karane para yadi vaha vedodaya se upaza maithuna se nivRtta, maithunasevana se glAniprApta aura viSaya-vAsanA-rahita ho jAe to use prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA kalpatA hai| 14. yadi koI gaNAvacchedaka apanA pada chor3e binA maithuna kA pratisevana kare to use ukta kAraNa se yAvajjIvana prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA ise dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 15. yadi koI gaNAvacchedaka apanA pada chor3akara maithuna kA pratisevana kare to use ukta kAraNa se tIna varSa paryanta prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| tIna varSa vyatIta hone para aura cauthe varSa meM praveza karane para yadi vaha upazAnta, uparata, prativirata aura nirvikAra ho jAe to use prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA kalpatA hai| 16. yadi koI prAcArya yA upAdhyAya apane pada ko chor3e binA maithuna kA pratisevana kare to use ukta kAraNa se yAvajjIvana prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA 17. yadi koI prAcArya yA upAdhyAya apane pada ko chor3akara maithuna kA pratisevana kare to use ukta kAraNa se tIna varSa paryanta prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| tIna varSa vyatIta hone para aura cauthe varSa meM praveza karane para yadi vaha upazAnta, uparata, prativirata aura nirvikAra ho jAe to use prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA kalpatA hai| vivecana AgamoM meM brahmacarya kI bahuta mahimA kahI gaI hai evaM isakA pAlana bhI duSkara kahA gayA hai| inake pramANasthaloM ke liye ni. u. 6 dekheN| pAMca mahAvratoM meM bhI brahmacarya mahAvrata pradhAna hai / ataH isake bhaMga hone para yahAM kaThoratama prAyazcitta kahA gayA hai| nizItha u. 6-7 meM isa mahAvata ke aticAra evaM anAcAroM kA gurucaumAsI prAyazcitta kahA gayA hai aura yahAM kevala prAcArya Adi padaviyAM dene, na dene ke rUpa meM prAyazcitta kahe gaye haiM / arthAta maithunasevo ko nizothasUtrokta gurucaumAsI prAyazcitta to AtA hI hai sAtha hI vaha tIna varSa yA usase adhika varSa athavA jIvana bhara prAcAryAdi pada ke ayogya ho jAtA hai, yaha ina sUtroM meM kahA gayA hai| jo bhikSu saMyamaveza meM rahate hue strI ke sAtha eka bAra yA aneka bAra maithunasevana kara letA hai to vaha AcArya Adi padoM ke yogya guNoM se sampanna hote hue bhI kama se kama tIna varSa taka pada dhAraNa karane ke ayogya ho jAtA hai /
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________________ 330] [vyavahArasUtra ataH use pada dene kA evaM dhAraNa karane kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| jisase vaha bhikSu tIna varSa taka pramukha bana kara vicaraNa bhI nahI kara sakatA hai, kyoMki sUtra meM "gaNadhara" banane kA niSedha kiyA hai| "gaNadhara" zabda kA vizeSArtha isI uddezaka ke prathama sUtra meM dekheN| jo bhikSu maithunasevana ke bAda yA prAyazcitta se zuddhi kara lene ke bAda sarvathA maithunabhAva se nivRtta ho jAtA hai aura tIna varSa paryanta vaha niSkalaMka jIvana vyatIta karatA hai, usa bhikSu kI apekSA se yaha jaghanya maryAdA hai| yadi usa avadhi meM bhI punaH brahmacarya mahAvrata ke aticAra yA anAcAroM kA sevana karatA hai, athavA diye gaye prAyazcitta se viparIta AcaraNa karatA hai, to yaha tIna varSa kI maryAdA Age bar3hA dI jAtI hai aura aisA karane se kabhI jIvanaparyanta bhI vaha pada prApti ke ayogya raha jAtA hai| ___ prAcArya, upAdhyAya yA gaNAvacchedaka Adi gaccha meM evaM samAja meM atyadhika pratiSThita hote haiM tathA ye anya sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke lie Adarza rUpa hote haiN| pada para pratiSThita hone se ina para jinazAsana kA vizeSa dAyitva hotA hai| upalakSaNa se ina tIna ke atirikta pravartaka, pravartinI Adi padoM ke lie bhI samajha lenA caahie| _ina padavIdharoM ke dvArA pada para rahate hue maithunasevana karanA akSamya aparAdha hai| ataH binA kisI vikalpa ke jIvana bhara ve kisI bhI pada ko dhAraNa nahIM kara skte| unheM sadA anya ke adhIna rahakara hI vicaraNa karate hue saMyama pAlana karanA par3atA hai| yadi koI padavIdhara yaha jAna le ki 'maiM brahmacarya kA pAlana karane meM asamartha hUM' aura taba vaha apanA asAmarthya prakaTa karake yA sAmAnya rUpa se apanI saMyamapAlana kI akSamatA prakaTa karake padatyAga kara detA hai aura yogya anya bhikSu ko pada para niyukta kara detA hai, usake bAda maithunasevana karatA hai to use ukta jIvana paryanta kA prAyazcitta nahIM pAtA hai kintu tIna varSa taka padamukta rahane kA hI prAyazcitta pAtA hai| sAmAnya bhikSu ke maithanasevana kI vArtA se bhI lokApavAda evaM jinazAsana kI avahelanA hotI hai aura usa bhikSu kI pratiSThA bhI nahIM rahatI hai / tathApi prAcArya Adi padavIdhara dvArA bhaithunasevana kI vArtA se to jinazAsana ko atyadhika avahelanA hotI hai evaM usa padavIdhara ko bhI atyadhika lajjita honA par3atA hai| ___ ataH sAmAnya bhikSu yA koI padavIdhara brahmacarya pAlana karane meM apane Apako asamartha mAne to unheM prAcA. zru. 1 a. 5 u. 4 meM kahI gaI kramika sAdhanA karanI cAhiye yA pAcA. zru. 1 a. 8 u.4 ke anusAra AcaraNa karanA caahie| kintu saMyamI jIvana meM maithunasevana karake svayaM kA evaM jinazAsana kA ahita nahIM karanA caahiye| ___ aAcArAMgasUtra meM kathita utkaTa aArAdhanA yadi kisI se saMbhava na ho evaM tIvra mohodaya upazAMta na ho to bhI saMyamI jIvana ko kalaMkita karake jinazAsana kI avahelanA karanA sarvathA anucita hai| usakI apekSA saMyama tyAgakara maryAdita gRhasthajIvana meM dharma-ArAdhanA karanA zreyaskara aisA bhI saMbhava na ho to anya vidhi jo bhASya meM kahI gaI hai yaha gItArthoM ke jAnane yogya hai
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________________ tIsarA uddezaka] [331 evaM Avazyaka hone para kabhI gItArthoM kI nizrA se anya sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke bhI jAnane yogya evaM paristhitivaza AcaraNa karane yogya ho sakatI hai| prastuta sUtra meM pAe uddisittae aura dhArittae, ina do padoM kA Azaya yaha hai ki abrahmasevI bhikSu ko pada para niyukta nahIM karanA cAhie aura yadi jAnakArI ke abhAva meM koI usako pada para niyukta kara bhI de to use svIkAra nahIM karanA caahie| sUtra meM maithuna ke saMkalpoM se nivRtta bhikSu ke lie aneka vizeSaNoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / TIkAkAra ne unake artha meM kucha antara batAte hue vyAkhyA kI hai| yathA sthita--sthita pariNAma vAle upazAMta-maithunapravRtti se nivRtta uparata--maithuna ke saMkalpoM se nivRtta prativirata-maithuna sevana se sarvathA virakta nirvikArI pUrNa rUpa se vikArarahita, zuddha brahmacarya pAlane vAlA / - vyava. bhASya TIkA / saMyama tyAgakara jAne vAle ko pada ke vidhi-niSedha 18. bhikkhU ya gaNAno avakkamma ohAejjA, tiNNi saMvaccharANi tassa tappattiyaM no kappai AyariyattaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM vA udisittae vA dhArettae thaa| tihiM saMvaccharehi vIikkatehiM cautthagaMsi saMvaccharaMsi paTThiyaMsi Thiyassa, uvasaMtassa, uvarayassa, paDivirayassa, nibigArassa evaM se kappai prAyariyataM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM vA udisittae vA dhArettae vaa| 19. gaNAvaccheie ya gaNAvaccheiyattaM anikkhivittA pohAejjA, jAvajjIvAe tassa tappattiyaM no kappada pAyariyattaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vaa| 20. gaNAvaccheie ya gaNAvaccheiyattaM nikkhivittA mohAejjA, tiNi saMghaccharANi tassa tappattiyaM no kappai AyariyattaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vaa| tihi saMvaccharehi voikkatehi, cautyagaMsi saMvaccharaMsi paTThiyaMsi Thiyassa, uvasaMtassa, uvarayassa, paDivirayassa, nivigArassa evaM se kappai AyariyataM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vaa| 21. pAyariya-uvajjhAe ya Ayariya-uvajjhAyattaM nikkhivitta pohAejjA, tiNi saMvaccharANi tassa tappattiyaM no kappai prAyariyattaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae thaa| 22. Ayariya-uvajjhAe ya prAthariya-uvajjhAyattaM nikkhivittA ohAejjA, tiNNi saMvaccharANi tassa tappattiyaM no kappai pAyariyattaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vaa|
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________________ 332] [vyavahArasUtra tihiM saMvaccharehi vIikkatehi cautyagaMsi saMvaccharaMsi paTThiyaMsi Thiyassa, uvasaMtassa, uvarayassa, paDivirayassa, nivigArassa evaM se kappai AyariyataM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vaa| 18. yadi koI bhikSu gaNa aura saMyama kA parityAga karake aura veSa ko chor3akara ke calA jAe aura bAda meM punaH dIkSita ho jAe to use ukta kAraNa se tIna varSa paryanta prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| tIna varSa vyatIta hone para aura cauthe varSa meM praveza karane para yadi vaha upazAMta, uparata, prativirata aura nirvikAra ho jAe to use prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA kalpatA hai| 19. yadi koI gaNAvacchedaka apanA pada chor3e binA saMyama kA parityAga karake aura veSa chor3akara calA jAe aura bAda meM punaH dIkSita ho jAe to use ukta kAraNa se yAvajjIvana AcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 20. yadi koI gaNAvacchedaka apanA pada chor3akara ke tathA saMyama kA parityAga karake aura veSa chor3akara calA jAe aura bAda meM punaH dIkSita ho jAe to use ukta kAraNa se tIna varSa paryanta prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| tIna varSa vyatIta hone para aura cauthe varSa meM praveza karane para yadi vaha upazAnta, uparata, prativirata aura nirvikAra ho jAe to use prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA kalpatA hai| 21. yadi koI prAcArya yA upAdhyAya apanA pada chor3e binA saMyama kA parityAga karake aura veSa chor3akara calA jAe aura bAda meM punaH dIkSita ho jAe to use ukta kAraNa se yAvajjIvana AcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 22. yadi koI prAcArya yA upAdhyAya apanA pada chor3akara ke tathA saMyama aura veSa kA parityAga karake calA jAe aura bAda meM punaH dIkSita ho jAe to use ukta kAraNa se tIna varSa paryanta prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| tIna varSa vyatIta hone para aura cauthe varSa meM praveza karane para yadi vaha upazAnta, uparata, prativirata aura nirvikAra ho jAe to use prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA kalpatA hai| vivecana--pUrva sUtrapaMcaka meM brahmacarya pAlana meM asamartha bhikSu evaM AcArya prAdi ke lie padavI sambandhI prAyazcitta kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai aura isa sUtrapaMcaka meM sAmAnya rUpa se saMyama pAlana meM asamartha bhikSu Adi ke saMyama tyAgakara jAne ke bAda punaH dIkSA svIkAra karane para use padavI dene yA na dene kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai|
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________________ tIsarA uddezaka] [333 saMyama ke tyAgane meM paroSaha yA upasarga Adi kaI kAraNa ho sakate haiM / brahmacarya Adi mahAvrata pAlana kI akSamatA kA bhI kAraNa ho sakatA hai| kisI bhI kAraNa se saMyama tyAgane vAlA yadi puna: dIkSA grahaNa kare to use bhI tIna varSa taka yA jIvanaparyanta padavI nahIM dene kA varNana pUrva sUtrapaMcaka ke samAna yahAM bhI samajha lenA cAhie tathA zabdArtha bhI usI ke samAna samajha lenA caahie| aneka AgamoM meM saMyama tyAgane kA evaM parityakta bhogoM ko punaH svIkAra karane kA spaSTa niSedha kiyA gayA hai| dazavaikAlikasUtra kI prathama cUlikA meM saMyama tyAgane para hone vAle aneka apAyoM (dukhoM) kA kathana karake saMyama meM sthira rahane kI preraNA dI gaI hai| usa cUlikA kA nAma bhI "rativAkya" hai, jisakA artha hai saMyama meM ruci paidA karane vAle zikSA-vacana / ataH usa adhyayana kA cintana-manana karake sadA saMyama meM citta sthira rakhanA caahie| pApajIvI bahuzrutoM ko pada dene kA niSedha 23. bhikkhu ya bahussue babbhAgame bahuso bahu-AgADhA-gADhesu kAraNesu mAI musAbAI, asuI, pAvajIvI, jAvajjIvAe tassa tappattiyaM no kappai AyariyattaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vaa| 24. gaNAvaccheie ya bahussue babhAgame bahuso bahu-bhAgADhA-gADhesu kAraNesu mAI musAbAI, asuI, pAvajIvI, jAvajjIvAe tassa tappattiyaM no kappai pAyariyattaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vaa| ___ 25. pAyariya-uvajjhAe ya bahussue babbhAgame bahuso bahu-AgADhA-gADhesu kAraNesu mAI musAbAI, asuI, pAvajIvI, jAvajjIvAe tassa tappattiyaM no kappai pAyariyattaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vA / 26. bahave bhikkhuNo bahussuyA babbhAgamA bahuso bahu-AgADhA-gADhesu kAraNesu mAI musAvAI, asuI, pAvajIvI, jAvajjIvAe tesi tappattiyaM no kappai AyariyattaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vaa| 27. bahabe gaNAvaccheiyA bahussuyA babhAgamA bahuso bahu-AgADhA-gADhesu kAraNesu mAI musAvAI, prasuI, pAvajIvI, jAvajjIvAe tesi tappattiyaM no kappai AyariyattaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae thaa| 28. bahave prAyariya-uvajzAyA bahussuyA babbhAgamA bahuso bahu-AgADhA-gADhesu kAraNesu mAI musAvAI, prasuI, pAvajIvI jAvajjIvAe tesi tappattiyaM no kappai AyariyattaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vaa|
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________________ [vyavahArasUtra 29. bahave bhikkhuNo bahave gaNAvaccheiyA bahave Apariya-uvajhAyA bahussuyA babbhAgamA bahuso bahu-prAgADhA-gADhesu kAraNesu mAI musAvAI, asuI, pAvajIvI jAvajjIvAe tesi tappattiyaM no kappai AyariyattaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vaa| 23. bahuzruta, bahuaAgamajJa bhikSu aneka pragADha kAraNoM ke hone para yadi aneka bAra mAyApUrvaka mRSA bole yA apavitra pApAcaraNoM se jIvana vyatIta kare to use ukta kAraNoM se yAvajjIvana AcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 24. bahuzruta, bahuaAgamajJa gaNAvacchedaka aneka pragADha kAraNoM ke hone para aneka bAra mAyApUrvaka mRSA bole yA apavitra pApAcaraNoM se jIvana vyatIta kare to use ukta kAraNoM se yAvajjIvana prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 25. bahuzruta, bahuprAgamajJa prAcArya yA upAdhyAya aneka pragADha kAraNoM ke hone para yadi aneka bAra mAyApUrvaka mRSA bole yA apavitra pApAcaraNoM se jIvana vyatIta kare to use ukta kAraNoM se yAvajjIvana prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 26. bahuzruta, bahuAgamajJa aneka bhikSu aneka pragADha kAraNoM ke hone para yadi aneka bAra mAyApUrvaka mRSA boleM yA apavitra pApAcaraNoM se jIvana vyatIta kareM to unheM ukta kAraNoM se yAvajjIvana prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 27. bahuzruta, bahanAgamajJa aneka gaNAvacchedaka aneka pragADha kAraNoM ke hone para bhI yadi aneka bAra mAyApUrvaka mRSA boleM yA apavitra pApAcaraNoM se jIvana vyatIta kareM to unheM ukta kAraNoM se yAvajjIvana AcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 28. bahuzruta, bahuAgamajJa aneka AcArya upAdhyAya aneka pragADha kAraNoM ke hone para yadi aneka bAra mAyApUrvaka mRSA bole yA apavitra pApAcaraNoM se jIvana vyatIta kareM to unheM ukta kAraNoM se yAvajjIvana prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 29. bahuzruta, bahuaAgamajJa aneka bhikSa, aneka gaNAvacchedaka yA aneka prAcArya upAdhyAya aneka pragADha kAraNoM ke hone para yadi aneka bAra mAyApUrvaka mRSA boleM yA apavitra pApAcaraNoM se jIvana vyatIta kareM to unheM ukta kAraNoM se yAvajjIvana prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| vivecana-ina sUtroM meM bahuzruta bahumAgamajJa bhikSu ko prAcArya Adi pada na dene ke prAyazcitta kA vidhAna hai| ataH alpajJa alpazruta bhikSutroM ke lie isa prAyazcitta kA vidhAna nahIM hai, kyoMki ve jinAjJA evaM saMyamamArga ke utsarga-apavAda rUpa prAcaraNoM evaM siddhAntoM ke pUrNa jJAtA nahIM hote haiM / ataH ve avyakta yA aparipakva hone se padaviyoM ke ayogya hI hote haiM tathA unake dvArA ina sUtroM meM kahe gaye doSoM kA sevana karanA sambhava bhI nahIM hai / kadAcit ve aisA koI aAMzika doSa sevana kara bhI leM to unakI zuddhi nizIthasUtrokta tapa prAyazcittoM se hI ho jAtI hai /
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________________ tIsarA uddezaka] [335 AcArya upAdhyAya Adi sabhI padavIdhara bhikSu to niyamataH bahuzruta bahuAgamajJa hote haiM phira bhI unake lie ina zabdoM kA prayoga kevala svarUpadarzaka hai athavA lipipramAda se ho jAnA sambhava hai| jaise ki pahale uddezaka meM pAlocanAsatra meM prAcArya upAdhyAya ke yaha vizeSaNa nahIM haiM anya bhikSoM ke lie yaha vizeSaNa lagAye gaye haiM tathApi vahAM kaI pratiyoM meM ina vizeSaNa sambandhI lipipramAda huyA hai| vizeSaNayukta ina sUtroM kA tAtparya yaha hai ki bahuzruta bhikSu jinazAsana ke jimmedAra vyakti hote haiN| inake dvArA bar3e doSoM kA sevana jinazAsana ko atyadhika avahelanA kA kAraNa hone se unakI bhUla akSamya hotI hai| jisase unheM prAyazcitta rUpa meM jIvana bhara ke lie dharmazAsana ke pada se mukta rakhane kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| ataH ina sUtroM meM kahe gaye AcaraNoM ko karane vAle bahuzruta bhikSu Adi ko jIvana bhara prAcArya yAvat gaNapramukha banakara vicaraNa karane kA koI adhikAra nahIM rahatA hai| __ sUtra meM 'bahuta bAra' aura 'bahu AgADha kAraNa' ina do zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / ataH eka bAra ukta AcaraNa karane para yaha sUtrokta prAyazcitta nahIM AtA hai, kintu use kevala tapa prAyazcitta hI diyA jAtA hai| baha grAgADha arthAta aneka prabala kAraNoM ke binA hI yadi ukta bhikSa ina doSoM kA sevana kare to use dIkSAcheda rUpa prAyazcitta pAtA hai| sArAMza yaha hai ki aneka bAra doSa sevana karane para aura aneka AgADha kAraNa hone para hI yaha prAyazcitta samajhanA caahie| pUrva ke dasa sUtroM meM bhI prAcArya Adi padavI ke sambandha meM prAyazcittarUpa vidhi-niSedha kiye gaye haiM aura ina sAta sUtroM meM bhI yahI varNana hai / antara yaha hai ki vahAM brahmacaryabhaMga yA veSa tyAgane kI apekSA se varNana hai aura yahAM prathama, dvitIya yA paMcama mahAvrata sambandhI doSoM kI apekSA varNana hai| arthAt jo bhikSu jhUTha, kapaTa, prapaMca dUsaroM ke sAtha dhokhA, asatya doSAropaNa Adi AcaraNoM kA aneka bAra sevana karatA hai yA tantra, mantra Adi se kisI ko kaSTa detA hai athavA vidyA, mantra, jyotiSa, vaidyakakarma Adi kA prarUpaNa karatA hai, aise bhikSu ko sUtra meM "pApajIvI' kahA hai| vaha kaluSita citta aura kuzIla prAcAra ke kAraNa sabhI prakAra kI pramukhatA yA padavI ke sarvathA ayogya ho jAtA hai| yahAM sAta sUtroM dvArA prAyazcittavidhAna karane kA yaha prAzaya hai ki eka bhikSu ho yA aneka athavA eka padavIdhara ho yA aneka, ye milakara bhI sUtrokta doSa sevana kareM to ve sabhI prAyazcitta ke bhAgI hote haiM / AgADha kAraNoM kI jAnakArI ke lie bhASya kA adhyayana kreN| sUtra 1-2 tIsare uddezaka kA sArAMza buddhimAna, vicakSaNa, tIna varSa kI dIkSA paryAya vAlA aura prAcArAMga nizIthasatra ko artha sahita kaMThastha dhAraNa karane vAlA aisA "bhAva palicchanna" bhikSu pramukha banakara vicaraNa kara sakatA hai, kintu gacchapramukha prAcAryAdi kI AjJA binA vicaraNa karane para vaha yathAyogya tapa yA cheda rUpa prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai|
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________________ 336] [vyavahArasUtra sUtra 3.4 5-6 7-8 kama se kama tIna varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlA bhikSu AcArasampanna, buddhisampanna, vicakSaNa, bahuzruta, jina-pravacana kI prabhAvanA meM dakSa tathA kama se kama AcArAMga evaM nizothasUtra ko artha sahita dhAraNa karane vAlA ho, use upAdhyAya pada para niyukta kiyA jA sakatA hai| jo bhikSu tIna varSa kI dIkSA paryAya vAlA ho, kintu ukta guNasampanna na ho to use upAdhyAya pada para niyukta nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| upAdhyAya ke yogya guNoM ke sivAya yadi dIkSAparyAya pAMca varSa aura arthasahita kaNThastha zruta meM kama se kama AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga aura cAra chedasUtra hoM to use prAcArya pada para niyukta kiyA jA sakatA hai tathA ve pATha saMpadA Adi se sampanna bhI hone caahie| pAMca varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlA bhikSu ukta guNoM se sampanna na ho to use prAcArya pada para niyukta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| uparyukta guNasampanna evaM kama se kama ATha varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlA tathA pUrvokta AgamoM sahita ThANAMga-samavAyAMgasUtra ko kaNThastha dhAraNa karane vAlA bhikSu gaNAvacchedaka pada para niyukta kiyA jA sakatA hai / ATha varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlA ukta guNasampanna na ho to use gaNAvacchedaka pada para niyukta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai / kisI vizeSa paristhiti meM anya guNoM se sampanna yogya bhikSa ho to use Avazyaka dIkSAparyAya aura zruta kaMThastha na ho to bhI prAcArya upAdhyAya pada para niyukta kiyA jA sakatA hai / gaccha meM anya kisI bhikSu ke yogya na hone para evaM atyanta prAvazyaka ho jAne para hI yaha vidhAna samajhanA cAhie / isa vidhAna se 'navadIkSita' bhikSu ko usI dina AcArya banAyA jA sakatA hai| cAsIsa varSa kI umra se kama umra vAle evaM tIna varSa kI dIkSAparyAya se kama saMyama vAle sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko prAcArya upAdhyAya kI nizrA binA svatantra vicaraNa karanA yA rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai tathA ina sAdhuoM ko prAcArya aura upAdhyAya se rahita gaccha meM nahIM rahanA cAhie aura sAdhviyoM ko prAcArya upAdhyAya evaM pratinI ina tIna se rahita gaccha meM nahIM rahanA caahie| inameM se kisI ke kAladharma prApta ho jAne para bhI usa pada para anya ko niyukta karanA Avazyaka hai| AcAryAdi pada para niyukta bhikSu kA caturtha vrata bhaMga ho jAe to use AjIvana sabhI pada ke ayogya ghoSita kara diyA jAtA hai| pada tyAga karake caturtha vrata bhaMga karane para yA sAmAnya bhikSu ke dvArA caturtha vrata bhaMga karane para vaha tIna varSa ke bAda yogya ho to kisI bhI pada para niyukta kiyA jA sakatA hai| 9-10 11-12 13-17
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________________ tIsarA uddezaka] [337 sUtra 18-22 yadi padavIdhara kisI anya ko pada para niyukta kiye binA saMyama chor3akara calA jAya to use punaH dIkSA aMgIkAra karane para koI pada nahIM diyA jA sakatA / yadi koI apanA pada anya ko sauMpa kara jAve yA sAmAnya bhikSu saMyama tyAga kara jAve to punaH dIkSA lene ke bAda yogya ho to use tIna varSa ke bAda koI bhI pada yathAyogya samaya para diyA jA sakatA hai| bahuzruta bhikSu yA prAcArya Adi prabala kAraNa se aneka bAra jhUTha-kapaTa-prapaMcaasatyAkSepa Adi apavitra pApakArI kArya kare yA aneka bhikSu, prAcArya Adi milAkara aisA kRtya kareM to ve jIvana bhara ke lie sabhI prakAra kI padaviyoM ke ayogya ho jAte haiM aura isameM anya koI vikalpa nahIM hai| 23-29 upasaMhAra 1-2 9-10 11 12 isa uddezaka meMpramukha banakara vicaraNa karane ke kalpyAkalpya kA, pada dene ke yogyAyogya kA, paristhitivaza alpa yogyatA meM pada dene kA, prAcArya, upAdhyAya do ke netRtva meM taruNa yA navadIkSita sAdhuoM ko rahane kA, prAcArya, upAdhyAya, pravartinI ina tIna ke netRtva meM taruNa yA navadIkSita sAdhviyoM ke rahane kA, caturthavrata bhaMga karane vAloM ko pada dene ke vidhi-niSedha kA, saMyama tyAga kara punaH dIkSA lene vAloM ko pada dene ke vidhi-niSedha kA, jhUTha-kapaTa-prapaMca Adi karane vAloM ko pada dene ke sarvathA niSedha kA, ityAdi viSayoM kA varNana kiyA gyaa| ||tiisraa uddezaka samApta // 13-17 18-22 23-29
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________________ cauthA uddezaka AcAryAdi ke sAtha rahane vAle nirgranthoM kI saMkhyA 1. no kappai Ayariya-uvajjhAyassa egANiyassa hemanta-gimhAsu cArae / 2. kappai pAyariya-uvajjhAyassa appabiiyassa hemanta-gimhAsu cArae / 3. no kappai gaNAvaccheiyassa appabiiyassa hemanta-gimhAsu cArae / 4. kappai gaNAvaccheiyassa appataiyassa hemanta-gimhAsu cArae / 5. no kappai Ayariya-uvajjhAyassa appabiiyassa vAsAvAsaM vatthae / 6. kappai prAyariya-uvajjhAyassa appataiyassa vAsAvAsaM vatthae / 7. no kappai gaNAvaccheiyassa appataiyassa vAsAvAsaM vatthae / 8. kappaDa gaNAvaccheiyassa appaca utthassa vAsAvAsaM vatthae / 9. se gAmaMsi vA jAva rAyahANisi vA bahUNaM pAyariya-udhajjhAyANaM appabiiyANaM, bahUrNa gaNAvaccheiyANaM appataiyANaM kappaDa hemaMta-gimhAsu cArae, annamannaM nissAe / 10. se gAmaMsi vA jAva rAyahANisi vA bahUNaM Ayariya-uvajjhAyANaM appataiyANaM, bahUNaM gaNAvaccheiyANaM appacautthANaM kappai vAsAvAsaM vatthae annamannaM nissAe / 1. hemanta aura grISma Rtu meM prAcArya yA upAdhyAya ko akelA vihAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 2. hemanta aura grISma Rtu meM prAcArya yA upAdhyAya ko eka sAdhu ko sAtha lekara vihAra karanA kalpatA hai| 3. hemanta aura grISma Rtu meM gaNAvacchedaka ko eka sAdhu ke sAtha vihAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 4. hemanta aura grISma Rtu meM gaNAvacchedaka ko do anya sAdhuoM ko sAtha lekara vihAra karanA kalpatA hai| 5. varSAkAla meM prAcArya yA upAdhyAya ko eka sAdhu ke sAtha rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai /
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________________ cauyA uddezaka] 6. varSAkAla meM prAcArya yA upAdhyAya ko anya do sAdhunoM ke sAtha rahanA kalpatA hai| 7. varSAkAla meM gaNAvacchedaka ko do sAdhuoM ke sAtha rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 8. varSAkAla meM gaNAvacchedaka ko anya tIna sAdhuoM ke sAtha rahanA kalpatA hai / 9. hemanta aura grISma Rtu meM aneka AcAryoM yA upAdhyAyoM ko grAma yAvat rAjadhAnI meM apanI-apanI netrAya meM eka-eka sAdhu ko aura aneka gaNAvacchedakoM ko do-do sAdhuoM ko rakhakara vihAra karanA kalpatA hai| 10. varSARtu meM aneka AcAryoM yA upAdhyAyoM ko grAma yAvat rAjadhAnI meM apanI-apanI nezrAya meM do-do sAdhuoM ko aura aneka gaNAvacchedakoM ko tIna-tIna sAdhuoM ko rakhakara rahanA kalpatA hai| vivecana-ina sUtroM meM prAcArya, upAdhyAya evaM gaNAvacchedaka ke vicaraNa evaM cAturmAsa-nivAsa sambandhI vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| pravartaka, sthavira Adi anya padavIdhara yA sAmAnya bhikSuoM ke liye yahAM vidhAna nahIM kiyA gayA hai / anya AgamoM meM ina ke lie aisA koI vidhAna nahIM hai| kevala avyakta yA aparipakva bhikSa ko svatantra vicaraNa karane kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai evaM usake svatantra vicaraNa kA duSpariNAma batAkara guru ke sAnnidhya meM vicaraNa karane kA vidhAna prAcA. zru. 1 a. 5 u. 4 tathA sUya. zru. 1 a. 14 gA. 3-4 meM kiyA gayA hai| ___vyakta, paripakva evaM gItArtha bhikSu ke lie koI ekAMta niyama pAgama nahIM hai, apitu aneka prakAra ke abhigraha, pratimAeM, jinakalpa, saMbhoga-pratyAkhyAna, sahAya-pratyAkhyAna Adi tathA paristhitivaza saMyamasamAdhi yA cittasamAdhi ke lie ekala vihAra kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai evaM bhikSu ke dvitIya manoratha meM bhI nivRtta hokara akele vicaraNa karane kI icchA rakhane kA vidhAna hai| yahAM tathA anyatra prAcArya-upAdhyAya ina do padoM kA jo eka sAtha kathana kiyA gayA hai, isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki ye donoM gaccha meM bAhya-Abhyantara Rddhisampanna hote haiM tathA ina donoM padavIdharoM kA pratyeka gaccha meM honA nitAnta Avazyaka bhI hai, aisA AgamavidhAna hai| arthAt ina do ke binA kisI gaccha kA yA sAdhusamudAya kA vicaraNa karanA AgamAnusAra ucita nahIM hai| vizAla gacchoM meM gaNAvacchedaka pada bhI Avazyaka hotA hai, kintu prAcArya-upAdhyAya ke samAna pratyeka gaccha meM anivArya nahIM hai / ata: yahAM unake lie vidhAna karane vAle sUtra alaga kahe haiN| ina sUtroM ke vidhAnAnusAra ye tInoM padavIdhara kabhI bhI akele nahIM vicara sakate aura cAturmAsa bhI nahIM kara sakate, kintu kama se kama eka yA aneka sAdhuoM ko sAtha rakhanA inheM Avazyaka hotA hai| sAtha rakhe jAne vAle una sAdhuoM kI maryAdA isa prakAra hai __ prAcArya-upAdhyAya hemanta grISma Rtu meM kama se kama eka sAdhu ko sAtha rakhate hue arthAt do ThANA se vicaraNa kara sakate haiM aura anya do sAdhu ko sAtha rakhakara kula tIna ThANA se cAturmAsa kara sakate haiN| isase yaha niyama phalita ho jAtA hai ki ve kabhI bhI akele vihAra nahIM kara sakate aura eka sAdhu ko sAtha lekara kevala do ThANA se cAturmAsa bhI nahIM kara skte|
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________________ 340] [vyavahArasUtra navaveM-dasaveM sUtra meM yaha bhI spaSTa kara diyA gayA hai ki jahAM hemanta grISma Rtu meM yA cAturmAsa meM aneka prAcArya-upAdhyAya sAtha meM hoM to bhI pratyeka prAcArya-upAdhyAya kI apanI-apanI nizrA meM sUtra meM kahe anusAra santa sAtha meM honA Avazyaka hai, arthAt eka prAcArya-upAdhyAya ke nizrAgata sAdhu ya prAcArya-upAdhyAya ko rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| isase yaha phalita hotA hai ki anya kisI sAdhu ke binA kevala 2-3 AcArya-upAdhyAya hI sAtha meM rahanA cAheM to nahIM raha sakate haiM yA Avazyaka sAdhuoM se kama sAdhu sAtha rakhakara bhI aneka prAcArya-upAdhyAya sAtha meM nahIM raha sakate aura rahane para sUtrokta maryAdA kA ullaMghana hotA hai / gaNAvacchedaka hemanta aura grISma Rtu meM kama se kama do sAdhuoM ko sAtha rakhakara kula tIna ThANA se vicaraNa kara sakate haiM aura anya tIna sAdhuoM ko sAtha lekara kula cAra ThANA se cAturmAsa kara sakate haiN| isase kama sAdhuoM se rahanA gaNAvacchedaka ke lie niSiddha hai / ata: ve do ThANA se vicaraNa nahIM kara sakate aura tIna ThANA se cAturmAsa nahIM kara skte| navave evaM dasaveM sUtra ke anusAra aneka gaNAvacchedaka sAtha ho jAeM to bhI unheM apanI-apanI nizrA meM Upara kahI gaI saMkhyA ke santoM ko rakhanA Avazyaka hai| ve anya gaNAvacchedaka Adi ko yA unake sAtha rahe santoM ko apanI nizrA meM ginakara nahIM raha sakate evaM svayaM ko bhI anya kI nizrA meM ginakara nahIM raha skte| ye tInoM padavIdhara koI pratimAeM yA abhigraha dhAraNa kara svatantra ekAkI vicaraNa karanA cAheM athavA anya vizeSa paristhitiyoM se vivaza hokara ekAkI vicaraNa karanA cAheM to unheM apane prAcArya Adi pada kA tyAga karanA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai tathA anya kisI ko usa pada para niyukta karanA bhI Avazyaka hotA hai| prAcArya-upAdhyAya saMgha ke pratiSThita padavIdhara hote haiN| inakA ekAkI vicaraNa evaM do ThANA se cAturmAsa karanA saMgha ke lie zobhAjanaka nahIM hotA hai| yadyapi gaNAvacchedaka AcArya ke netRtva meM kAryavAhaka pada hai, tathApi inake sAtha ke sAdhuoM kI saMkhyA AcArya se adhika kahI gaI hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki inakA kAryakSetra adhika hotA hai / sevA, vyavasthA Adi kAryoM meM adhika sAdhu sAtha meM hoM to unheM suvidhA rahatI hai| sUtra meM nirdiSTa saMkhyA se adhika sAdhuoM ke rahane kA niSedha nahIM samajhanA cAhie / saMyama kI suvidhAnusAra adhika santa bhI sAtha rahanA cAheM to raha sakate haiN| kintu adhika santoM ke sAtha rahane meM saMyama kI kSati arthAt eSaNAsamiti evaM pariSThApanikAsamiti prAdi bhaMga hotI ho to alpa santoM se vicaraNa karanA caahie| agraNI sAdhu ke kAla karane para zeSa sAdhuoM kA kartavya 11. gAmANugAmaM dUijjamANe bhikkhU jaM purano kaTTa viharai, se ya Ahacca vIsubhejjA, asthi ya ittha aNNe kei uksaMpajjaNArihe se uvasaMpajjiyanve / natthi ya ittha aNNe kei uvasaMpajjaNArihe tassa ya appaNo kappAe asamatte kappai egArAiyAe paDimAe jagaNaM-jaNNaM disaM aNNe sAhammiyA viharaMti taNaM-taNNaM disaM uvlitte|
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________________ cauthA uddezaka] [341 no se kappai tattha vihAravattiyaM vatthae / kappai se tattha kAraNavattiyaM batthae / taMsi ca NaM kAraNaMsi niTThiyaMsi paro vaejjA--"vasAhi ajjo ! egarAyaM vA, durAyaM vA", evaM se kappai egarAyaM vA durAyaM vA vatthae / no se kappai paraM egarAyAno vA durAyAno vA vatthae / je tattha egarAyAo vA durAyAo vA paraM vasai se saMtarA chee vA parihAre vaa| 12. vAsAvAsaM pajjosavio bhikkhU jaM purao kaTTa viharai se ya Ahacca vIsubhejjA, asthi ya itya aNNe kei avasaMpajjaNArihe se uvasaMpajjiyanve / nasthi ya ittha aNNe kei uvasaMpajjaNArihe tassa ya appaNo kappAe asamatte kappai se egarAiyAe paDimAe jaNaM-jaNNaM disaM aNNe sAhammiyA viharaMti taNNaM-taNaM disaM uvalitae / no se kappai tattha vihAravattiyaM vtthe| kappai se tattha kAraNavattiyaM vtthe| taMsi ca NaM kAraNaMsi niyaMsi paro vaejjA-"vasAhi prajjo ! egarAyaM vA, durAyaM vA" evaM se kappai egarAyaM vA durAyaM vA vatthae, no se kappai paraM egarAyAo vA durAyAno vA vsthe| je tattha egarAyAno vA durAyAno vA paraM vasai, se saMtarA chee vA parihAre vA / 11. grAmAnugrAma vihAra karatA humA bhikSu, jinako agraNI mAnakara vihAra kara rahA ho aura vaha yadi kAladharma-prApta ho jAya to zeSa bhikSutroM meM jo bhikSu yogya ho, use agraNI banAnA caahie| yadi anya koI bhikSu agraNI hone yogya na ho aura svayaM (ratnAdhika) ne bhI AcAraprakalpa kA adhyayana pUrNa na kiyA ho to use mArga meM vizrAma ke lie eka rAtri Thaharate hue jisa dizA meM anya svadharmI vicarate hoM, usa dizA meM jAnA kalpatA hai| mArga meM use vicarane ke lakSya se ThaharanA nahIM kalpatA hai / yadi rogAdi kA kAraNa ho to adhika ThaharanA kalpatA hai / rogAdi ke samApta hone para yadi koI kahe ki- "he Arya ! eka yA do rAta aura Thaharo" to use eka yA do rAta ThaharanA kalpatA hai, kintu eka yA do rAta se adhika ThaharanA nahIM kalpatA hai| jo bhikSu vahAM (kAraNa samApta hone ke bAda) eka yA do rAta se adhika ThaharatA hai, vaha maryAdA ullaMghana ke kAraNa dIkSAcheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| 12. varSAvAsa meM rahA huA bhikSu, jinako agraNI mAnakara raha rahA ho aura vaha yadi kAladharma-prApta ho jAya to zeSa bhikSuSoM meM jo bhikSu yogya ho use agraNI banAnA caahiye| yadi anya koI bhikSu agraNI hone yogya na ho aura svayaM (ratnAdhika) ne bhI nizItha Adi kA adhyayana pUrNa na kiyA ho to use mArga meM vizrAma ke lie eka-eka rAtri Thaharate hue jisa dizA meM anya svadharmI hoM usa dizA meM jAnA kalpatA hai|
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________________ 342] [vyavahArasUtra mArga meM use vicarane ke lakSya se ThaharanA nahIM kalpatA hai| yadi rogAdi kA kAraNa ho to adhika ThaharanA kalpatA hai| rogAdi ke samApta hone para yadi koI kahe ki~~"he Arya ! eka yA do rAta Thaharo" to use eka yA do rAta aura ThaharanA kalpatA hai / kintu eka yA do rAta se adhika ThaharanA nahIM kalpatA hai / jo bhikSu eka yA do rAta se adhika ThaharatA hai, vaha maryAdA-ullaMghana ke kAraNa dIkSAcheda yA taparUpa prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai / vivecana-vicaraNa yA cAturmAsa karane vAle bhikSutroM meM eka kalpAka arthAt saMghAr3A-pramukha honA Avazyaka hai| jisake lie uddezaka 3 sU. 1 meM gaNadhAraNa karane vAlA arthAt gaNadhara kahA hai tathA use zruta evaM dIkSAparyAya se saMpanna honA Avazyaka kahA gayA hai / ataH tIna varSa kI dIkSAparyAya aura AcArAMgasUtra evaM nizIthasUtra ko kaNThastha dhAraNa karane vAlA hI gaNa dhAraNa kara sakatA hai| zeSa bhikSu usako pramukha mAnakara usakI AjJA meM rahate haiM / usa pramukha ke sivAya usa saMghATaka meM anya bhI eka yA aneka saMghAr3A-pramukha hone ke yogya ho sakate haiM arthAt ve adhika dIkSAparyAya evaM paryApta zruta dhAraNa karane vAle ho sakate haiN| kabhI eka pramukha ke atirikta sabhI sAdhu agItArtha yA navadIkSita hI ho sakate haiN| vicaraNa yA cAturmAsa karane vAle saMghATaka kA pramukha bhikSu yadi kAladharma ko prApta ho jAya to zeSa sAdhunoM meM se ratnAdhika bhikSu pramukha pada svIkAra kare / yadi vaha svayaM zruta se saMpanna na ho to anya yogya ko pramukha pada para sthApita kare / __ yadi zeSa rahe sAdhuoM meM eka bhI pramukha hone yogya na ho to unheM cAturmAsa meM rahanA yA vicaraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai, kintu jisa dizA meM anya yogya sArmika bhikSa nikaTa hoM, unake samIpa meM pahuMca jAnA cAhiye / aisI sthiti meM cAturmAsa meM bhI vihAra karanA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai tathA hemaMta grISma Rtu meM bhI adhika rukane kI svIkRti de dI ho to bhI vahAM se vihAra karanA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai| jaba taka anya sAmika bhikSutroM ke pAsa na pahuMce taba taka mArga meM eka dina kI vizrAMti lene ke atirikta kahIM para bhI adhika rukanA unheM nahIM kalpatA hai| kisI ko koI zArIrika vyAdhi ho jAya to upacAra ke lie ThaharA jA sakatA hai| vyAdhi samApta hone ke bAda vaidya Adi ke kahane se 1-2 dina aura bhI Thahara sakatA hai / svastha hone ke bAda do dina se adhika Thaharane para yathAyogya prAyazcitta AtA hai / ina sUtroM ke pratipAdya viSaya kA sAra yaha hai ki yogya ziSya ko Avazyakazruta-adhyayana (prAcAraprakalpa Adi) zIghra arthasahita kaMThastha dhAraNa kara lenA cAhie, kyoMki usake apUrNa rahane para vaha bhikSu gaNa (saMghATaka) kA pramukha nahIM ho sakatA evaM pramukha ke kAladharma prApta ho jAne para cAturmAsa meM bhI use vihAra karanA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai aura eka bhI dina vaha kahIM vicaraNa ke bhAva se yA kisI kI vinatI se nahIM raha sakatA hai| kintu yadi ukta zruta pUrNa kara liyA ho to vaha bhikSu kabhI bhI sUtrokta pramukha pada dhAraNa kara sakatA hai / svataMtra vicaraNa evaM cAturmAsa bhI kara sakatA hai|
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________________ cauthA uddezaka [343 __ isalie pratyeka sAdhu-sAdhvI ko Agamokta krama se zruta-adhyayana kA pramukha lakSya rakhanA caahie| glAna AcAryAdi ke dvArA pada dene kA nirdeza 13. Ayariya-uvajjhAe gilAyamANe annayaraM vaejjA-"prajjo! mamaMsi NaM kAlagayaMsi samANaMsi ayaM samukkasiyanve / " se ya samukkasaNArihe samukkasiyavve, se ya no samukkasaNArihe no samukkasiyagve, asthi ya ittha aNNe kei samukkasaNArihe se samukkasiyave / nasthi ya ittha aNNe kei samukkasaNArihe se ceva samukkasiyabve, taMsi ca NaM samukkiTThasi paro vaejjA"dussamukkiTTha te ajjo ! nivikhavAhi !" tassa NaM nikkhivamANassa natthi kei chae vA parihAre vaa| je sAhammiyA prahAkappeNaM no uTThAe viharaMti samvesi tesi tappattiyaM chee vA parihAre vaa| 13. rogagrasta AcArya yA upAdhyAya kisI pramukha sAdhu se kahe ki- "he prArya ! mere kAlagata hone para amuka sAdhu ko mere pada para sthApita krnaa|" yadi AcArya dvArA nirdiSTa vaha bhikSu usa pada para sthApana karane yogya ho to use sthApita karanA caahie| yadi vaha usa pada para sthApana karane yogya na ho to use sthApita nahIM karanA caahie| yadi saMgha meM anya koI sAdhu usa pada ke yogya ho to use sthApita karanA caahie| yadi saMgha meM anya koI bhI sAdhu usa pada ke yogya na ho to prAcArya-nirdiSTa sAdhu ko hI usa pada para sthApita karanA caahie| usako usa pada para sthApita karane ke bAda koI gItArtha sAdhu kahe ki- "he Arya ! tuma isa pada ke ayogya ho ataH isa pada ko chor3a do" (aisA kahane para) yadi vaha usa pada ko chor3a de to dIkSAcheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta kA pAtra nahIM hotA hai| jo sArmika sAdhu kalpa ke anusAra use prAcAryAdi pada chor3ane ke lie na kahe to ve sabhI sArmika sAdhu ukta kAraNa se dIkSAcheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta ke pAtra hote haiN| vivecana-tIsare uddezaka meM AcArya-upAdhyAya pada ke yogya bhikSu ke guNoM kA vistRta kathana kiyA gayA hai| yahAM para rugNa prAcArya-upAdhyAya apanA antima samaya samIpa jAna kara prAcAryaupAdhyAya pada ke lie kisI sAdhu kA nAma nirdeza kareM to usa samaya sthaviroM kA kyA kartavya hai, isakA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai|
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________________ 344] [vyavahArasUtra rugNa AcArya ne AcArya banAne ke lie jisa ke nAma kA nirdeza kiyA hai, vaha yogya bhI ho sakatA hai aura ayogya bhI ho sakatA hai arthAt unakA kathana rugNa hone ke kAraNa yA bhAva ke kAraNa saMkucita dRSTikoNa vAlA bhI ho sakatA hai| ataH unake kAladharma prApta ho jAne para "prAcArya yA upAdhyAya pada kisa ko denA"- isake nirNaya kI jimmedArI gaccha ke zeSa sAdhuoM kI kahI gaI hai| jisakA bhAva yaha hai ki yadi AcAryanirdiSTa bhikSu tIsare uddezaka meM kahI gaI sabhI yogyatAmoM se yukta hai to use hI pada para niyukta karanA cAhie, dUsarA koI vikalpa aAvazyaka nahIM hai| yadi vaha zAstrokta yogyatA se saMpanna nahIM hai aura anya bhikSu yogya hai to AcAryanirdiSTa bhikSu ko pada denA anivArya na samajha kara usa yogya bhikSu ko hI pada para niyukta karanA caahie| yadi anya koI bhI yogya nahIM hai to AcAryanirdiSTa bhikSu yogya ho athavA yogya na ho, use hI AcAryapada para niyukta karanA cAhie / anya aneka bhikSu bhI pada ke yogya haiM aura ve prAcAryanirdiSTa bhikSu se ratnAdhika bhI haiM kintu yadi AcAryanirdiSTa bhikSu yogya hai to use hI AcArya banAnA caahiye| AcAryanirdiSTa yA anirdiSTa kisI bhI yogya bhikSu ko athavA kabhI paristhitivaza alpa yogyatA vAle bhikSu ko pada para niyukta karane ke bAda yadi yaha anubhava ho ki gaccha kI vyavasthA acchI taraha nahIM cala rahI hai, sAdhuoM kI saMyama samAdhi evaM bAhya vAtAvaraNa kSubdha ho rahA hai, gaccha meM anya yogya bhikSu taiyAra ho gaye haiM to gaccha ke sthavira yA pramukha sAdhu-sAdhviyAM Adi milakara AcArya ko pada tyAgane ke liye nivedana karake anya yogya ko pada para niyukta kara sakate haiM / aisI sthiti meM yadi ve pada tyAganA na cAheM yA anya koI sAdhu unakA pakSa lekara prAgraha kare to ve sabhI prAyazcitta ke pAtra hote haiN| ___ isa sUtrokta Agama-prAjJA ko bhalIbhAMti samajhakara saralatApUrvaka pada denA, lenA yA chor3ane ke lie nivedana karanA Adi pravRttiyAM karanI cAhiye tathA anya sabhI sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko bhI pramukha sthavira saMtoM ko sahayoga denA cAhie, kintu apane-apane vicAroM kI siddhi ke liye nindA, dveSa, kalaha yA saMghabheda Adi anucita tarIkoM se pada chur3AnA yA kapaTa-cAlAkI se prApta karane kI koziza karanA ucita nahIM hai| gaccha-bhAra saMbhAlane vAle pUrva ke prAcArya kA tathA gaccha ke anya pramukha sthavira saMtoM kA yaha kartavya hai ki ve niSpakSa bhAva se tathA vizAla dRSTi se gaccha evaM jinazAsana kA hita socakara AgamanirdiSTa guNoM se sampanna bhikSu ko hI pada para niyukta kreN| kaI sAdhu svayaM hI prAcArya banane kA saMkalpa kara lete haiM, ve hI kabhI azAMta evaM kleza kI sthiti paidA karate haiM yA karavAte haiM, kintu mokSa kI sAdhanA ke lie saMyamarata bhikSu ko jala-kamalavat nirlepa rahakara ekatva Adi bhAvanA meM tallIna rahanA cAhiye / kisI bhI pada kI cAhanA karanA yA pada ke lie lAlAyita rahanA bhI saMyama kA dUSaNa hai / isa cAhanA meM bAhya Rddhi kI icchA hone se isakA samAveza lobha nAmaka pApa meM hotA hai tathA usa icchA kI pUrti meM aneka prakAra ke saMyamaviparIta saMkalpa evaM kuTilanIti Adi kA avalaMbana bhI liyA jAtA hai, jisase saMyama kI hAni evaM virAdhanA hotI hai| sAtha hI mAnakaSAya kI atyadhika puSTi hotI hai|
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________________ cauthA uddezaka] nizItha udde. 17 meM apane prAcAryatva ke sUcaka lakSaNoM ko prakaTa karane vAle ko prAyazcitta kA pAtra kahA gayA hai| ataH saMyamasAdhanA meM lIna guNasaMpanna bhikSu ko yadi prAcArya yA anya gacchapramukha sthavira hI gacchabhAra sambhAlane ke lie kaheM yA AjJA deM to apanI kSamatA kA evaM avasara kA vicAra kara use svIkAra karanA cAhie kintu svayaM hI AcAryapadaprApti ke liye saMkalpabaddha honA evaM na milane para gaNa kA tyAga kara denA Adi sarvathA anucita hai| __ isa prakAra isa sUtra meM nirdiSTa sampUrNa sUcanAoM ko samajha kara sUtranirdiSTa vidhi se pada pradAna karanA cAhie aura isase viparIta anya ayogya evaM anucita mArga svIkAra nahIM karanA caahie| ___ isa sUtra se yaha bhI spaSTa hotA hai ki syAdvAda siddhAMta vAle vItarAgamArga meM vinayavyavahAra evaM AjJApAlana meM bhI anekAMtika vidhAna haiM. arthAta vinaya ke nAma se kevala "bA kA nirdeza nahIM hai| isI kAraNa prAcArya dvArA nirdiSTa yA anirdiSTa bhikSu kI yogyatA-ayogyatA kI vicAraNA evaM niyukti kA adhikAra sUcita kiyA gayA hai| aise AgamavidhAnoM ke hote huye bhI paramparA ke prAgraha se yA "bAbAvAkyaM pramANam" kI ukti caritArtha kara ke AgamaviparIta pravRtti karanA athavA bhadrika evaM akuzala sarvaratnAdhika sAdhuoM ko gacchapramukha rUpa meM svIkAra kara lenA gaccha evaM jinazAsana ke sarvatomukhI patana kA hI mArga hai / ataH syAdvAdamArga ko prApta karake AgamaviparIta paraMparA evaM nirNaya ko pramukhatA na dekara sadA jinAjJA evaM zAstrAjJA ko hI pramukhatA denI caahiye| saMyama tyAga kara jAne vAle AcAryAdi ke dvArA pada dene kA nirdeza 14. Ayariya-uvajjhAe ohAyamANe annayaraM vaejjA-"ajjo! mamaMsi NaM pohAviyaMsi samANasi ayaM samukkasiyabbe / " se ya samukkasaNArihe samukkasiyadhve, se 4 no samukkasaNArihe no samukkasiyanve / asthi ya ittha aNNe kei samukkasaNArihe se samukkasiyadhve / taM si ca NaM samukkiTThasi paro vaejjA-"dussamukkiLaM te ajjo! nivikhvaahi|" tassa NaM nikkhivamANassa natthi kei chae vA parihAre vaa| je sAhammiyA ahAkappeNaM no uDAe viharati / savvesi tesi tappattiyaM chae vA parihAre vaa| 14. saMyama kA parityAga karake jAne vAle prAcArya yA upAdhyAya kisI pramukha sAdhu se kaheM ki "he Arya mere cale jAne para amuka sAdhu ko mere pada para sthApita krnaa|" to yadi AcAryanirdiSTa vaha sAdhu usa pada para sthApana karane yogya ho to use sthApita karanA caahiye| yadi vaha usa pada para sthApita karane yogya na ho to use sthApita nahIM karanA caahiye| yadi saMgha meM anya koI sAdhu usa pada ke yogya ho to use sthApita karanA caahiye| yadi saMgha meM anya koI bhI sAdhu usa pada ke yogya na ho to prAcAryanirdiSTa sAdhu ko hI usa pada para sthApita karanA caahiye| usa ko usa pada para sthApita karane ke bAda yadi gItArtha sAdhu kaheM ki"he Arya ! tuma isa pada ke ayogya ho, ata: isa pada ko chor3a do" (aisA kahane para) yadi
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________________ 346] [vyavahArasUtra vaha usa pada ko chor3a de to dIkSAcheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta kA pAtra nahIM hotA hai| jo sArmika sAdhu kalpa ke anusAra use prAcAryAdi pada chor3ane ke lie na kaheM to ve sabhI sArmika sAdhu ukta kAraNa se dIkSAcheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta ke pAtra hote haiN| vivecana-pUrva sUtra meM rugNa yA maraNAsanna prAcArya-upAdhyAya ne kisI bhikSu ko prAcAryAdi dene kA sUcana kiyA ho to unake kathana kA vivekapUrvaka AcaraNa karanA AgamAnusAra ucita mAnA gayA hai / isa sUtra meM bhI vahI vidhAna hai / antara yaha hai ki yahAM dravya evaM bhAva se saMyaya kA parityAga karane ke icchuka prAcArya-upAdhyAya kA varNana hai| zarIra asvastha hone se, vairAgya kI bhAvanA maMda ho jAne se, vedamohanIya ke prabala udaya se yA anya parISaha upasarga se saMyama tyAgane kA saMkalpa utpanna ho sakatA hai| usakA nivAraNa na hone se sAmAnya bhikSu yA padavIdharoM ke lie bhI aisI paristhati utpanna ho sakatI hai| isa paristhiti kA evaM usake viveka kA varNana udde. 3 sU. 28 meM dekheN| anya sampUrNa vivecana pUrvasUtra 13 ke anusAra samajha lenA caahiye| upasthApana ke vidhAna 15. pAyariya-uvajjhAe saramANe paraM caurAya-paMcarAyAo kappAgaM bhikkhu no uvaTThAvei kappAe, atthiyAI se kei mANaNijje kappAe natthi se kei chae vA parihAre vaa| NasthiyAI se kei mANaNijje kappAe se santarA chee vA parihAre vaa| 16. Ayariya-uvajjhAe asaramANe paraM caurAya-paMcarAyAno kappAgaM bhikkhu no uvaTThAvei kappAe, atthiyAiM se kei mANaNijje kappAe, nasthi se keI chee vA parihAre vA / NasthiyAiM se kei mANaNijje kappAe, se saMtarA chae vA parihAre vaa| 17. Ayariya-uvajjhAe saramANe vA asaramANe vA paraM dasarAya kappAo kappAgaM bhikkhu no uvaTThAvei kappAe, atthiyAI se kei mANaNijje kappAe nathi se kei chae vA parihAre vaa| * 15. prAcArya yA upAdhyAya smaraNa hote hue bhI bar3IdIkSA ke yogya bhikSa ko cAra-pAMca rAta ke bAda bhI bar3IdIkSA meM upasthApita na kare aura usa samaya yadi usa navadIkSita ke koI pUjya puruSa kI bar3IdIkSA hone meM dera ho to unheM dIkSAcheda yA tapa rUpa koI prAyazcitta nahIM pAtA hai| yadi usa navadIkSita ke bar3IdIkSA lene yogya koI pUjya puruSa na ho to unheM cAra-pAMca rAtri ullaMghana karane kA cheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta AtA hai| 16. prAcArya yA upAdhyAya smRti meM na rahane se bar3IdIkSA ke yogya bhikSa ko cAra-pAMca rAta ke bAda bhI bar3IdIkSA meM upasthApita na kare, usa samaya yadi vahAM usa navadIkSita ke koI pUjya puruSa kI bar3I dIkSA hone meM dera ho to unheM dIkSAcheda yA tapa rUpa koI prAyazcitta nahIM AtA hai| yadi usa navadIkSita ke bar3IdIkSA lene yogya koI pUjya puruSa na ho to unheM cAra-pAMca rAtri ullaMghana karane kA dIkSAcheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta pAtA hai|
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________________ cauthA uddezaka] [347 17. prAcArya yA upAdhyAya smRti meM rahate hue yA smRti meM na rahate hue bhI bar3IdIkSA ke yogya bhikSa ko dasa dina ke bAda bar3I dIkSA meM upasthApita na kare, usa samaya yadi usa navadIkSita ke koI pUjya puruSa kI bar3IdIkSA hone meM dera ho to unheM dIkSAcheda yA tapa rUpa koI prAyazcitta nahIM AtA hai| yadi usa navadIkSita ke bar3IdIkSA ke yogya koI pUjya puruSa na ho to unheM dasa rAtri ullaMghana karane ke kAraNa eka varSa taka prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada para niyukta karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| vivecana-prathama evaM antima tIrthakara ke zAsana meM bhikSa oM ko sAmAyikacAritra rUpa dIkSA dene ke bAda chedopasthApanIyacAritra rUpa bar3IdIkSA dI jAtI hai| usakI jaghanya kAlamaryAdA sAta ahorAtra kI hai arthAt kAla kI apekSA navadIkSita bhikSa sAta rAtri ke bAda kalpAka (bar3IdIkSA ke yogya) kahA jAtA hai aura guNa kI apekSA AvazyakasUtra sampUrNa artha evaM vidhi sahita kaMThastha kara lene para, jIvAdi kA evaM samitiyoM kA sAmAnya jJAna kara lene para, dazavakAlika sUtra ke cAra adhyayana kI artha sahita vAcanA lekara kaMThastha kara lene para evaM pratilekhana Adi dainika kriyAoM kA kucha abhyAsa kara lene para 'kalpAka' kahA jAtA hai| ___isa prakAra kalpAka (bar3IdIkSAyogya) hone para evaM anya parIkSaNa ho jAne para usa navadIkSita bhikSa ko bar3IdIkSA (upasthApanA) dI jAtI hai| yogyatA ke pUrva bar3IdIkSA dene para ni. u. 11 sU. 84 ke anusAra prAyazcitta AtA hai| ukta yogyatAsaMpanna kalpAka bhikSa ko sUtrokta samaya para bar3IdIkSA na dene para prAcAryaupAdhyAya ko prAyazcitta prAtA hai| isa prAyazcittavidhAna se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki kisI ko naI dIkSA yA bar3odIkSA dene kA adhikAra prAcArya yA upAdhyAya ko hI hotA hai evaM usameM kisI prakAra kI traTi hone para prAyazcitta bhI unheM hI AtA hai| anya sAdhu, sAdhvI yA pravartaka, pravartinI bhI prAcArya-upAdhyAya kI AjJA se kisI ko dIkSA de sakate haiM kintu usakI yogyatA ke nirNaya kI mukhya jimmedArI prAcArya-upAdhyAya kI hI hotI hai| sAmAnya rUpa se to AgamAnusAra pravRtti karane kI jimmedArI sabhI sAdhu-sAdhvI ko hotI hI hai, phira ccha ke vyavasthA sambandhI nirdeza prAcArya-upAdhyAya ke adhikAra meM hote haiN| ataH tatsambandhI viparIta AcaraNa hone para prAyazcitta ke pAtra bhI ve prAcAryAdi hI hote haiN| yahAM ina tIna sUtroM meM bar3IdIkSA ke nimitta se tIna vikalpa kahe gaye haiM--(1) vismaraNa meM maryAdA-ullaMghana, (2) smRti hote hue maryAdA-ullaMghana, (3) vismaraNa yA avismaraNa se vizeSa maryAdA-ullaMghana / kAla se evaM guNa se kalpAka bana jAne para usa bhikSa ko cAra yA pAMca rAtri ke bhItara arthAt cAra rAtri aura pAMcaveM dina taka bar3IdIkSA dI jA sakatI hai| yaha sUtra meM Aye "caurAya paMcarAyAno" zabda kA artha hai / isa chUTa meM vihAra, zubha dina, mAsika dharma kI asvAdhyAya, rugNatA Adi aneka kAraNa nihita haiN|
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________________ 340] vyivahArasUtra ___ ataH dIkSA ke sAta dina bAda AThaveM, nauveM, dasaveM, gyArahaveM yA bArahaveM dina taka kabhI bhI bar3IdIkSA dI jA sakatI hai aura usakA koI prAyazcitta nahIM pAtA hai| bArahavIM rAtri kA ullaMghana karane para sUtra 15-16 ke anusAra yathAyogya tapa yA dIkSAcheda rUpa prAyazcitta pAtA hai| jisakA bhASya meM jaghanya prAyazcitta pAMca rAtri kA kahA gayA hai| dIkSA kI satta noM rAtri kA ullaMghana karane para yathAyogya tapa yA cheda prAyazcitta ke atirikta eka varSa taka use prAyazcitta rUpa meM prAcArya-upAdhyAya pada se mukta kara diyA jAtA hai| __ yahAM bar3IdIkSA ke vidhAna evaM prAyazcitta meM eka chUTa aura bhI kahI gaI hai, vaha yaha ki usa navadIkSita bhikSa ke mAtA-pitA Adi koI bhI mAnanIya yA upakArI puruSa hoM aura unake kalpAka hone meM dera ho to unake nimitta se usako bar3IdIkSA dene meM chaha mAsa taka kI bhI pratIkSA kI jA sakatI hai aura usakA koI prAyazcitta nahIM pAtA hai| ThANAMgAdi AgamoM meM sAta rAtri kA jaghanya zaikSakAla kahA gayA hai| ataH yogya ho to bhI sAta rAtri pUrNa hone ke pUrva bar3IdIkSA nahIM dI jA sakatI hai, kyoMki usa samaya taka vaha zaikSa evaM akalpAka kahA gayA hai| chaha mAsa kA "utkRSTa zaikSakAla" kahA gayA hai| ataH mAnanIya puruSoM ke lie bar3IdIkSA rokane para bhI chaha mAsa kA ullaMghana nahIM karanA caahie| ina sUtroM meM smRti rahate hue evaM vismaraNa se 4-5 dina kI maryAdA ullaMghana kA prAyazcitta samAna kahA gayA hai| cAra-pAMca dina kI chUTa meM zubha dina yA vihAra Adi kAraNa ke atirikta Rtudharma Adi asvAdhyAya kA bhI jo kAraNa nihita hai, usakA nivAraNa 4-5 dina kI chUTa meM saralatA se ho sakatA hai| anyagaNa meM gaye bhikSu kA viveka 18. bhikkhU ya gaNAmro pravakkamma aNNaM gaNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharejjA, taM ca kei sAhammie pAsittA vaejjA 50-kaM prajjo ! uvasaMpajjittANaM viharasi ? u0-je tattha savyarAiNie taM vaejjA / pa0-'aha bhante ! kassa kappAe ?' u0-je tattha savva-bahussue taM vaejjA, jaM vA se bhagavaM vakkhai tassa ANA-uvavAya-vayaNaniddese citttthissaami| 18. viziSTa jJAnaprApti ke lie yadi koI bhikSu apanA gaNa chor3akara anya gaNa ko svIkAra kara vicara rahA ho to usa samaya use yadi koI svadharmI bhikSu mile aura pUche ki pra0-'he Arya ! tuma kisI kI nizrA meM vicara rahe ho? u0--taba vaha usa gaNa meM jo dIkSA meM sabase bar3A ho usakA nAma kahe /
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________________ cauthA uddezaka] [349 pra0-yadi punaH pUche ki-'he bhadanta ! kisa bahuzruta kI pramukhatA meM raha rahe ho ? u.-taba usa gaNa meM jo sabase adhika bahuzruta ho-usakA nAma kahe tathA ve jinakI AjJA meM rahane ke lie kaheM, unakI hI AjJA evaM unake samIpa meM rahakara unake hI vacanoM ke nirdezAnusAra maiM rahU~gA aisA khe| vivecana-pratyeka gaccha meM bahuzruta AcArya-upAdhyAya kA honA Avazyaka hI hotA hai| phira bhI upAdhyAyoM ke kSayopazama meM aura adhyApana kI kuzalatA meM aMtara honA svAbhAvika hai / kisI gaccha meM bahuzruta vRddha prAcArya kA ziSya prakhara buddhimAn evaM zrutasaMpanna ho sakatA hai jo prAcArya kI sabhI jimmedAriyoM ko nibhA rahA ho athavA kisI bahuzruta prAcArya ke guru yA dIkSita pitA Adi bhadrika pariNAmI alpazruta hoM aura ve gaccha meM ratnAdhika hoM to aise gaccha meM adhyayana karane ke liye jAne vAle bhikSu ke saMbaMdha meM sUtrakathita viSaya samajha lenA caahie| koI adhyayanazola bhikSa kisI bhI anyagacchIya bhikSu kI adhyApana-kuzalatA kI khyAti suna kara yA jAnakara usa gaccha meM adhyayana karane ke lie gayA ho / vahAM vicaraNa karate hue kabhI koI pUrva gaccha kA sArmika bhikSu gocarI Adi ke lie bhramaNa karate hue mila jAe aura vaha pUche ki 'he Arya ! tuma kisa kI nizrA (AjJA) meM vicaraNa kara rahe ho ?' taba uttara meM vahAM jo ratnAdhika AcArya, guru yA bahuzruta ke dIkSita pitA Adi hoM unakA nAma batAve / kiMtu jaba praznakartA ko saMtoSa na ho ki inase to adhika jJAnI saMta apane gaccha meM bhI haiM, phira apanA gaccha chor3a kara inake gaccha meM kyoM AyA hai ? ata: sahI jAnakArI ke lie punaH prazna kare ki.-'he bhagavana ! ApakA kalpAka kauna hai ? arthAt kisa pramukha kI AjJA meM pApa vicaraNa evaM adhyayana Adi kara rahe ho, isa gaccha meM kauna adhyApana meM kuzala hai ? isake uttara meM jo vahAM sabase adhika bahazrata ho arthAta sabhI bahuzrutoM meM bhI jo pradhAna ho aura gaccha kA pramukha ho, unake nAma kA kathana kare aura kahe ki 'unakI nizrA meM gaccha ke sabhI sAdhu rahate haiM evaM adhyayana karate haiM aura maiM bhI unakI AjJAnusAra vicaraNa evaM adhyayana kara rahA huuN|' abhinicArikA meM jAne ke vidhi-niSedha 19. bahave sAhammiyA icchejjA egayao abhinicAriyaM cArae no NaM kappai there aNApucchittA egayao abhinicAriyaM cArae, kappai NaM thera prApucchittA egayao abhinicAriyaM caare| therA ya se viyarejjA-evaM NaM kappai egayao abhinicAriyaM caare| therA ya se no viyarejjA-evaM no kappai egayao abhinicAriyaM cArae / je tattha therehi aviiNNe egayao abhinicAriyaM caraMti, se santarA chae vA parihAre vaa| 19. aneka sArmika sAdhu eka sAtha 'abhinicArikA' karanA cAheM to sthavira sAdhuoM ko pUche binA unheM eka sAtha 'abhinicArikA' karanA nahIM kalpatA hai, kintu sthavira sAdhuoM se pUcha lene para unheM eka sAtha 'abhinicArikA' karanA kalpatA hai /
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________________ [vyavahArasUtra yadi sthavira sAdhu aAjJA deM to unheM 'abhinicArikA' karanA kalpatA hai| yadi sthavira sAdhu AjJA na deM to unheM 'abhinicArikA' karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / yadi sthaviroM se AjJA prApta kiye binA 'abhinicArikA' kare to ve dIkSAcheda yA parihAraprAyazcitta ke pAtra hote haiN| vivecana-AcArya-upAdhyAya jahAM mAsakalpa Thahare hoM, ziSyoM ko sUtrArtha kI vAcanA dete hoM, vahAM se glAna asamartha evaM tapa se kRza zarIra vAle sAdhu nikaTa hI kisI gopAlaka bastI meM dugdhAdi vikRti sevana ke lie jAeM to unakI caryA ko yahAM 'abhinicArikA gamana' kahA gayA hai| kisI bhI bhikSu ko yA aneka bhikSuoM ko aise dugdhAdi kI sulabhatA vAle kSetra meM jAnA ho to gaccha-pramukha prAcArya yA sthavira Adi kI AjJA lenA Avazyaka hotA hai| ve Avazyaka lagane para hI unheM abhinicArikA meM jAne kI AjJA dete haiM anyathA manA kara sakate haiN| ni. u. 4 meM prAcArya-upAdhyAya kI viziSTa prAjJA binA vikRti sevana karane kA prAyazcitta kahA gayA hai aura yahAM para AjJA binA 'vajikA' meM jAne kA prAyazcitta kahA gayA hai / ataH AjJA na milane para nahIM jAnA cAhie / bhASya meM batAyA gayA hai ki prAcArya-upAdhyAya ke pAsa sAdhuoM kI saMkhyA adhika ho, anya gaccha se adhyayana hetu Aye aneka pratIcchaka sAdhu hoM, pAhune sAdhunoM kA AvAgamana adhika ho athavA baddha Adi kAruNika sAdhu adhika hoM, ityAdi kisI bhI kAraNa se bhikSuoM ko adhyayana yA tapa upadhAna ke bAda yA prAyazcitta vahana karane ke bAda Avazyaka vikRtika padArthoM ke na milane para kRzatA adhika bar3hatI ho to una bhikSuoM ko niyata dina ke liye arthAt--5 dina Adi saMkhyA kA nirdeza kara 'vajikA' meM jAne kI AjJA dI jAtI hai| usI apekSA se sUtra kA saMpUrNa vidhAna hai / sAmAnya vicaraNa karane hetu prAjJA lene kA kathana udde. 3 sUtra 2 meM hai| caryApraviSTa evaM caryAnivRtta bhikSu ke kartavya 20. cariyApaviThe bhikkhU jAva caurAya-paMcarAyAno there pAsejjA, sacceva AloyaNA, sacceva paDikkamaNA, sacceva oggahassa pubvANugNavaNA ciTTai ahAlaMdamavi proggahe / 21. cariyApaviTThe bhikkhU paraM caurAya-paMcarAyAo there pAsejjA, puNo pAloejjA, puNo paDikkamejjA, puNo cheyaparihArassa uvtttthaaejjaa| bhikkhubhAvassa aTThAe doccaMpi oggahe aNunavayamve siyaa|| kappai se evaM vadittae, 'aNujANaha bhaMte ! mioggahaM ahAlaMdaM dhuvaM nitiyaM veuTTiyaM / ' tao pacchA kaay-sNkaasN|
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________________ - cauthA uddezaka] [351 22. cariyAniyaTTe bhikkhU jAva caurAya-paMcarAyAo there pAsejjA, __ sacceva AloyaNA, sacceva paDikkamaNA, sacceva oggahassa punvANunnavaNA ciTThai, ahAlaMdamavi ogghe| 23. cariyAniyaTTe bhikkhU paraM caurAya-paMcarAyAo there pAsejjA, puNo pAloejjA, puNo paDikkamejjA, puNo cheyaparihArassa uvddhaaejjaa| bhikkhUbhAvassa aTTAe doccaM pi oggahe aNunnaveyavve siyaa| kappai se evaM vaittae-'aNujANaha bhaMte ! mioggahaM ahAlaMdaM dhuvaM nitiyaM veuTTiyaM / ' tao pacchA kAya-saMphAsaM / 20. caryA meM praviSTa bhikSu yadi cAra-pAMca rAta kI avadhi meM sthaviroM ko dekhe (mile) to una bhikSuoM ko vahI AlocanA, vahI pratikramaNa aura kalpaparyaMta rahane ke liye vahI avagraha kI pUrvAnujJA rahatI hai| 21. caryA meM praviSTa bhikSu yadi cAra-pAMca rAta ke bAda sthaviroM ko dekhe (mile) to vaha punaH aAlocanA-pratikramaNa kare aura Avazyaka dIkSAcheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta meM upasthita ho|| bhikSubhAva (saMyama kI surakSA) ke lie use dUsarI bAra avagraha kI anumati lenI cAhie / vaha isa prakAra prArthanA kare ki-'he bhadanta ! mitAvagraha meM vicarane ke lie, kalpa anusAra karane ke lie, dhruva niyamoM ke liye arthAt dainika kriyAyeM karane ke lie prAjJA deM tathA punaH Ane kI anujJA diijie|' isa prakAra kahakara vaha unake caraNa kA sparza kare / 22. caryA se nivRtta koI bhikSu yadi cAra-pAMca rAta kI avadhi meM sthaviroM ko dekhe (mile) to use vahI pAlocanA vahI pratikramaNa aura kalpa paryanta rahane ke liye vahI avagraha kI pUrvAnujJA rahatI hai| 23. caryA se nivRtta bhikSu yadi cAra-pAMca rAta ke bAda sthaviroM se mile to vaha punaH AlocanA-pratikramaNa kare aura Avazyaka dIkSAcheda yA taparUpa prAyazcitta meM upasthita ho| __ bhikSubhAva (saMyama kI surakSA) ke liye use dUsarI bAra avagraha kI anumati lenI cAhie / vaha isa prakAra se prArthanA kare ki- 'he bhadanta ! mujhe mitAvagraha kI, yathAlandakalpa kI dhruva, nitya kriyA karane kI aura punaH pAne kI anumati diijie|' isa prakAra kahakara vaha unake caraNoM kA sparza kre| vivecana----prastuta sUtracatuSka meM 'carikA' zabda ke do artha vivakSita kie gaye haiM(1) pUrvasUtrokta vajikAgamana (2) videza yA dUradeza gamana yahAM ina donoM prakAra kI carikA ke do prakAra kahe gaye haiM (1) praviSTa-jitane samaya kI AjJA prApta huI hai, utane samaya ke bhItara vajikA meM rahA huA yA dUra deza evaM videza kI yAtrA meM rahA huA bhikSu /
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________________ 352] [vyavahArasUtra (2) nivRtta-jikA-vihAra se nivRtta yA dUra deza ke vicaraNa se nivRtta hokara punaH AjJA lekara Asa-pAsa meM vicaraNa karane vAlA bhikSu / ina sUtroM meM praviSTa evaM nivRtta carikA vAle AjJAprApta bhikSu ko vinaya-vyavahAra kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai / jisameM 4-5 dina kI maryAdA kI gaI hai| ina maryAdita dinoM ke pUrva guru prAcArya aAdi kA punaH milane kA avasara prApta ho jAya to pUrva kI AjJA se hI vicaraNa kiyA jA sakatA hai kiMtu ina maryAdita dinoM ke bAda arthAt 10-20 dina se yA kucha mahInoM se milane kA avasara prApta ho to punaH sUtrokta vidhi se AjJA prApta kara lenI caahie| __ cAra-pAMca dina kA kathana eka vyAvahArika sImA hai, yathA-sthApanAkula aura rAjA ke koThAra, dugdhazAlA Adi sthAnoM kI jAnakArI kie binA gocarI jAne para nizI. u. 4 tathA u. 9 meM prAyazcitta vidhAna hai| vahAM para bhI 4-5 rAtri kI chUTa dI gaI hai| isa uddezaka ke sUtra 15 meM upasthApanA ke lie bhI 4-5 rAtri kI chUTa dI gaI hai| ataH prastuta prakaraNa se bhI 4-5 dina ke bAda guru Adi se milane para punaH vidhiyukta AjJA lenA Avazyaka samajhanA caahiye| zaikSa aura ratnAdhika kA vyavahAra 24. do sAhambhiyA egayao viharaMti, taM jahA--sehe ya, rAiNie y| tattha sehatarAe palicchanne, rAiNie apalicchanne, sehatarAeNaM rAiNie uvasaMpajjiyanve, bhikkhobavAyaM ca dalayai kappAgaM / 25. do sAhammiyA egayao viharaMti, taM jahA-sehe ya, rAiNie ya / tattha rAiNie palicchanne sehatarAe apalicchanne / icchA rAiNie sehatarAgaM upasaMpajjejjA, icchA no uvasaMpajjejjA, icchA bhikkhovavAyaM dalejjA kappAgaM, icchA no dalejjA kappAgaM / 24. do sArmika bhikSu eka sAtha vicarate hoM, yathA-alpa dIkSAparyAya vAlA aura adhika dIkSAparyAya vaalaa| unameM yadi alpa dIkSAparyAya vAlA zrutasampanna tathA ziSyasampanna ho aura adhika dIkSAparyAya vAlA zrutasampanna tathA ziSyasampanna na ho to bhI alpa dIkSAparyAya vAle ko adhika dIkSAparyAya vAle kI vinaya vaiyAvRtya karanA, AhAra lAkara denA, samIpa meM rahanA aura alaga vicarane ke lie ziSya denA ityAdi kartavyoM kA pAlana karanA cAhiye / 25. do sArmika bhikSu eka sAtha vicarate hoM, yathA--alpa dIkSAparyAya vAlA aura adhika dIkSAparyAya vaalaa| unameM yadi adhika dIkSAparyAya vAlA zrutasampanna tathA ziSyasampanna ho aura alpa dIkSAparyAya vAlA zrutasampanna tathA ziSyasampanna na ho to adhika dIkSAparyAya vAlA icchA ho to alpa dIkSAparyAya vAle kI vaiyAvRtya kare, icchA na ho to na kare / icchA ho to AhAra lAkara de, icchA na ho to na de|
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________________ cauthA uddezaka] [353 icchA ho to samIpa meM rakhe, icchA na ho to na rakhe / icchA ho to alaga vicarane ke liye ziSya de, icchA na ho to na de| vivecana-ina sUtroM meM ratnAdhika aura zaikSa sArmika bhikSuoM ke aicchika evaM Avazyaka kartavyoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| yahAM ratnAdhika kI apekSA alpa dIkSAparyAya vAle bhikSu ko zaikSa kahA gayA hai, ataH isa apekSA se aneka varSoM kI dIkSAparyAya vAlA bhI zaikSa kahA jA sakatA hai| (1) ratnAdhika bhikSu ziSya Adi se sampanna ho aura zaikSa bhikSu ziSya Adi se sampanna na ho to use vicaraNa karane ke liye ziSya denA yA usake liye AhAra Adi maMgavA denA aura anya bhI sevAkArya karavA denA ratnAdhika ke liye aicchika kahA gayA hai arthAt unheM ucita lage yA unakI icchA ho vaisA kara sakate haiN| (2) zaikSa bhikSa yadi ziSya Adi se sampanna ho evaM ratnAdhika bhikSa ziSyAdi se sampanna na ho aura vaha vicaraNa karanA cAhe yA koI sevA karAnA cAhe to ziSyAdisampanna zaikSa kA kartavya ho jAtA hai ki vaha ratnAdhika ko bahumAna dekara unakI AjJAnusAra pravRtti kre| yaha kathana yahAM kartavya evaM adhikAra kI apekSA se kiyA gayA hai| kintu sevA kI AvazyakatA hone para to ratnAdhika ko bhI zaikSa kI yathAyogya sevA karanA yA karavAnA Avazyaka hotA hai| na karane para vaha prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| ata: sUtrokta vidhAna sAmAnya sthiti kI apekSA se hai, aisA samajhanA caahiye| ratnAdhika ko agraNI mAnakara vicarane kA vidhAna 26. do bhikkhuNo egayao viharaMti, no NaM kappai aNNamaNNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharittae, kappai NaM ahArAiNiyAe aNNamaNNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharitae / 27. do gaNAvaccheiyA egayao viharaMti, no NaM kappai aNNamaNNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharittae, kappai NaM ahArAiNiyAe aNNamaNNaM upasaMpajjittANaM vihritte| 28. do Ayariya-uvajjhAyA egayao viharaMti, no NaM kappai aNNamaNNaM upasaMpajjitANaM virittae / kappai NaM ahArAiNiyAe aNNamaNNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharittae / 29. bahave bhikkhuNo egayao viharaMti no NaM kappai aNNamaNNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM vihritte| kappai NaM ahArAiNiyAe aNNamaNNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM vihritte| 30. bahave gaNAvaccheiyA egayao viharaMti, no NaM kappai aNNamaNNaM uvasaMpajjitANaM viharittae / kappai NaM ahArAiNiyAe aNNamaNNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM vihritte| 31. bahave Ayariya-uvajjhAyA egayao viharaMti, no NaM kappai aNNamaNNaM uvasaMpajjitANaM viharittae / kappai NaM ahArAiNiyAe aNNamaNNaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharittae /
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________________ 354] [vyavahArasUtra 32. bahave bhikkhuNo bahave gaNAvaccheiyA, bahave Ayariya-uvajzAyA egayao viharaMti, no NaM kappai aNNamaNNaM upasaMpajjittANaM viharittae / kappai NaM ahArAiNiyAe aNNamaNNaM upasaMpajjittANaM viharittae / 26. do bhikSu eka sAtha vicarate hoM to unheM paraspara eka dUsare ko samAna svIkAra kara sAtha meM vicaranA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu ratnAdhika ko agraNI svIkAra kara sAtha vicaranA kalpatA hai / 27. do gaNAvacchedaka eka sAtha vicarate hoM to unheM paraspara eka dUsare ko samAna svIkAra kara sAtha meM vicaranA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu ratnAdhika ko agraNI svIkAra kara sAtha vicaranA kalpatA hai| 28. do prAcArya yA do upAdhyAya eka sAtha vicarate hoM to unheM paraspara eka dUsare ko samAna svIkAra kara sAtha vicaranA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu ratnAdhika ko agraNI svIkAra kara sAtha vicaranA kalpatA hai| 29, bahuta se bhikSu eka sAtha vicarate hoM to unheM paraspara eka dUsare ko samAna svIkAra kara sAtha vicaranA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu ratnAdhika ko agraNI svIkAra kara sAtha vicaranA kalpatA hai| 30. bahuta se gaNAvacchedaka eka sAtha vicarate hoM to unheM paraspara eka dUsare ko samAna svIkAra kara sAtha vicaranA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu ratnAdhika ko agraNI svIkAra kara sAtha vicaranA kalpatA hai| 31. bahuta se prAcArya yA upAdhyAya eka sAtha vicarate hoM to unheM paraspara eka dUsare ko samAna svIkAra kara sAtha vicaranA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu ratnAdhika ko agraNI svIkAra kara vicaranA kalpatA hai| 32. bahuta se bhikSu, bahuta se gaNAvacchedaka aura bahuta se prAcArya yA upAdhyAya eka sAtha vicarate hoM to unheM paraspara eka dUsare ko samAna svIkAra kara sAtha vicaranA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu ratnAdhika ko agraNI svIkAra kara vicaranA kalpatA hai| vivecana-do yA aneka bhikSu yadi eka sAtha raheM athavA eka sAtha vicaraNa kareM aura ve kisI ko bar3A na mAne arthAt prAjJA lenA, vandana karanA Adi koI bhI vinaya evaM samAcArI kA vyavahAra na kareM to unakA isa prakAra sAtha rahanA ucita nahIM hai| kintu unheM ratnAdhika sAdhu kI pramukhatA svIkAra karake unake sAtha vinaya-vyavahAra rakhate hue rahanA cAhie aura pratyeka kArya unakI AjJA lekara hI karanA caahie| ratnAdhika ke sAtha rahate hue bhI unakA vinaya evaM AjJApAlana na karane se jJAna-darzana-cAritra ko unnati nahIM hotI hai apitu svacchandatA kI vRddhi hokara AtmA kA adhaHpatana hotA hai aura saMyama ko virAdhanA hotI hai| janasAdhAraNa ko jJAta hone para jinazAsana kI hIlanA hotI hai| ataH
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________________ cauyA uddezaka] [355 avamarAtnika (zaikSa) bhikSu kA yaha Avazyaka kartavya hai ki vaha ratnAdhika ko pramukhatA svIkAra karake hI unake sAtha rhe| usI prakAra do yA aneka prAcArya, upAdhyAya, gaNAvacchedaka bhI eka sAtha raheM yA vicaraNa kareM to dIkSAparyAya se jyeSTha prAcArya Adi kA ucita vinaya-vyavahAra karate hue raha sakate haiN| yaha vidhAna eka mAMDalika AhAra karane vAle sAmbhogika sAdhuoM kI apekSA se hai, aisA samajhanA caahiye| yadi kabhI anya sAmbhogika sAdhu, prAcArya, upAdhyAya yA gaNAvacchedaka kA kisI grAmAdi meM eka hI upAzraya meM milanA ho jAya aura kucha samaya sAtha rahane kA prasaMga A jAya to ucita vinayavyavahAra aura premasambandha ke sAtha rahA jA sakatA hai, kintu sUtrokta upasampadA (netRtva) svIkAra karane kA vidhAna yahAM nahIM samajhanA caahie| yadi anya sAmbhogika ke sAtha vicaraNa yA cAturmAsa karanA ho athavA adhyayana karanA ho to unakI bhI alpakAlIna upasampadA (netRtva) svIkAra karake hI rahanA caahie| sUtra 18 9-10 cauthe uddezaka kA sArAMza prAcArya evaM upAdhyAya ko akele vicaraNa nahIM karanA cAhie aura do ThANA se caumAsA bhI nahIM karanA cAhie, kintu ve do ThANA se vicaraNa kara sakate haiM aura tIna ThANA se cAturmAsa kara sakate haiN| gaNAvacchedaka ko do ThANA se vicaraNa nahIM karanA cAhie aura tIna ThANA se cAturmAsa nahIM karanA caahie| kintu ve tIna ThANA se vicaraNa kara sakate haiM evaM cAra ThANA se cAturmAsa kara sakate haiM / aneka prAcArya Adi ko eka sAtha vicaraNa karanA ho to bhI upayukta sAdhusaMkhyA apanI-apanI nizrA meM rakhate hue hI vicaraNa karanA cAhie aura isI viveka ke sAtha unheM cAturmAsa meM bhI rahanA caahie| vicaraNakAla meM yA cAturmAsakAla meM yadi usa siMghAr3e kI pramukhatA karane vAlA bhikSu kAla-dharma ko prApta ho jAya to zeSa sAdhunoM meM jo zruta evaM paryAya se yogya ho, usakI pramukhatA svIkAra kara lenI caahie| yadi koI bhI yogya na ho to cAturmAsa yA vicaraNa ko sthagita karake zIghra hI yogya pramukha sAdhuoM ke yA prAcArya ke sAnnidhya meM pahuMca jAnA caahie| AcArya-upAdhyAya kAladharma prApta karate samaya yA saMyama chor3akara jAte samaya jise prAcArya-upAdhyAya pada para niyukta karane ko kaheM, use hI pada para sthApita karanA caahie| vaha yogya na ho aura anya yogya ho to usa prAcAryanirdiSTa bhikSu ko pada 11-12 13-14
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________________ [vyavahArasUtra sUtra 15-17 15 20-23 na dekara yA de diyA ho to use haTAkara anya yogya bhikSu ko pada diyA jA sakatA hai| jo usakA khoTA pakSa kareM, ve sabhI prAyazcitta ke pAtra hote haiN| navadIkSita bhikSu ke zIghra hI yogya ho jAne para 12vIM rAtri ke pUrva bar3IdIkSA de denI caahiye| usake ullaMghana karane para prAcArya-upAdhyAya ko yathAyogya tapa yA cheda prAyazcitta AtA hai evaM sattarahavIM rAtri kA ullaMghana karane para tapa yA cheda prAyazcitta ke atirikta eka varSa ke lie padamukta hone kA prAyazcitta bhI AtA hai| yadi bar3IdIkSA ke samaya kA ullaMghana karane meM navadIkSita ke mAtA-pitA Adi pUjya puruSoM kI dIkSA kA kAraNa ho to utkRSTa chaH mAsa taka dIkSA rokane para bhI prAyazcitta nahIM pAtA hai| anya gaNa meM adhyayana Adi ke liye gaye bhikSu ko kisI ke dvArA pUchane para prathama sarvaratnAdhika kA nAma batAnA cAhiye / usake bAda Avazyaka hone para sarvabahuzruta kA nAma nirdeza karanA caahie| vajikA (gopAlaka bastI) meM vikRti sevana hetu jAne ke pUrva sthavira kI arthAt guru Adi kI prAjJA lenA Avazyaka hai, AjJA milane para hI jAnA kalpatA hai / carikApraviSTa yA carikAnivRtta bhikSu ko prAjJAprApti ke bAda 4-5 dina meM guru Adi ke milane kA prasaMga pA jAya to usI pUrva kI AjJA se vicaraNa yA nivAsa karanA cAhie, kintu 4-5 dina ke bAda arthAt AjJAprApti se adhika samaya bAda guru Adi ke milane kA prasaMga yA jAya to sUtrokta vidhi se puna: AjJA prApta karake vicaraNa kara sakatA hai| ratnAdhika bhikSu ko avama rAnika bhikSu kI sAmAnya sevA yA sahayoga karanA aicchika hotA hai aura avamarAnika bhikSu ko ratnAdhika bhikSu kI sAmAnya sevA yA sahayoga karanA Avazyaka hotA hai / ratnAdhika bhikSu yadi sevA-sahayoga na lenA cAhe to Avazyaka nahIM hotA hai| avamarAnika bhikSu glAna ho to ratnAdhika ko bhI usakI sevA yA sahayoga karanA Avazyaka hotA hai / aneka bhikSu, aneka AcArya-upAdhyAya evaM aneka gaNAvacchedaka Adi koI bhI yadi sAtha-sAtha vicaraNa kareM to unheM paraspara samAna bana kara nahIM rahanA cAhie, kintu jo unameM ratnAdhika ho usakI pramukhatA svIkAra karake ucita vinaya evaM samAcArIvyAvahAra ke sAtha rahanA caahie| 24-25 26-32 upasaMhAra isa uddezaka meMAcArya upAdhyAya gaNAvacchedaka ke vicaraNa karane meM sAdhuoM kI saMkhyA kA, sUtra 1-10
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________________ cauthA uddezaka sUtra 11-12 13-14 15-17 [357 siMghAr3Apramukha bhikSu ke kAladharma prApta hone para ucita kartavya kA, prAcArya ke divaMgata hone para yA saMyama tyAgane para yogya ko pada para niyukta karane kA, bar3IdIkSA dene sambandhI samaya ke nirdhAraNa kA, gaNAntara meM gaye bhikSu ke viveka kA, vajikAgamana evaM carikA pravRtta yA nivRtta bhikSu ke viveka kA, ratnAdhika evaM avamarAtnika ke kartavyoM kA, sAtha meM vicaraNa karane sambandhI vinaya-viveka kA, ityAdi viSayoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai / 19-23 24-25 26-32 // cauthA uddezaka samApta //
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________________ pAMca uddezaka pravartinI Adi ke sAtha vicarane vAlI nirgranthiyoM kI saMkhyA 1. no kappai pavattiNIe appabiiyAe hemaMta-gimhAsu caare| 2. kappai pavattiNIe appataiyAe hemanta-gimhAsu caare| 3. no kappai gaNAvaccheiNIe appataiyAe hemaMta-gimhAsu caare| 4. kappai gaNAvaccheiNIe appacautthAe hemaMta-gimhAsu caare| 5. no kappai pavattiNIe appataiyAe vAsAvAsaM vatthae / 6. kappai pavattiNIe appacautthAe vAsAvAsaM vtthe| 7. no kappaDa gaNAvaccheiNIe appacautthAe vAsAvAsaM vatthae / 8. kappai gaNAvacchedaNIe appapaMcamAe vAsAvAsaM vatthae / 9. se gAmaMsi vA jAva rAyaNisi vA bahUNaM pavattiNINaM appataiyANaM bahUNaM gaNAvaccheiNoNaM appa-cautthANaM kappai hemaMta-gimhAsu cArae aNNamaNNaM niisaae| 10. se gAmaMsi vA jAva rAyahANisi vA bahaNaM pavattiNINaM appacautthANaM bahUNaM gaNAvacche. iNoNaM appa-paMcamANaM kappai vAsAvAsaM vatthae aNNamaNNaM niisaae| 1. hemanta aura grISma Rtu meM pravartinI sAdhvI ko, eka anya sAdhvI ko sAtha lekara vihAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 2. hemanta aura grISma Rtu meM pravatinI ko, anya do sAdhviyAM sAtha lekara vihAra karanA kalpatA hai| 3. hemanta aura grISma Rtu meM gaNAvacchedinI ko anya do sAdhviyAM sAtha lekara vihAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 4. hemanta aura grISma Rtu meM gaNAvacchedinI ko anya tIna sAdhviyAM sAtha lekara vihAra karanA kalpatA hai| 5. varSAvAsa meM pravartinI ko anya do sAdhviyoM ke sAtha rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai /
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________________ pAMcavAM uddezaka] [359 6. varSAvAsa meM pravartinI ko anya tIna sAdhviyoM ke sAtha rahanA kalpatA hai / 7. varSAvAsa meM gaNAvacchedinI ko anya tIna sAdhviyoM ke sAtha rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 8. varSAvAsa meM gaNAvacchedinI ko anya cAra sAdhviyoM ke sAtha rahanA kalpatA hai / 9. hemanta aura grISma Rtu meM aneka pratiniyoM ko grAma yAvat rAjadhAnI meM apanI-apanI nizrA meM do-do anya sAdhviyoM ko sAtha lekara aura aneka gaNAvacchedinIyoM ko, tIna tIna anya sAdhviyoM ko sAtha lekara vihAra karanA kalpatA hai / 10. varSAvAsa meM aneka pratiniyoM ko yAvat rAjadhAnI meM apanI-apanI nizrA meM tIna-tIna anya sAdhviyoM ko sAtha lekara aura aneka gaNAvacchedinIyoM ko cAra-cAra anya sAdhviyoM ko sAtha lekara rahanA kalpatA hai| vivecana-cauthe uddezaka meM prArambha ke dasa sUtroM meM prAcArya, upAdhyAya, gaNAvacchedaka ke vicaraNa meM evaM cAturmAsa meM sAtha rahane vAle sAdhunoM kI saMkhyA kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai aura yahAM pravartinI aura gaNAvacchedikA ke sAtha rahane vAlI sAdhviyoM kI saMkhyA kA vidhAna hai| bRhatkalpa uhe. 5 meM sAdhvI ko akelI rahane kA niSedha hai aura yahAM pratinI ko do ke sAtha vicarane kA niSedha hai / ataH pratinI eka sAdhvI ko sAtha meM rakhakara na vicare, do sAdhviyoM ko sAtha lekara vicare aura tIna sAdhviyoM ko sAtha meM rakhakara cAturmAsa kre| gaNAvacchedinI pravartinI kI pramukha sahAyikA hotI hai| isakA kAryakSetra gaNAvacchedaka ke samAna vizAla hotA hai aura yaha pravartinI kI AjJA se sAdhviyoM kI vyavasthA, sevA prAyazcitta Adi sabhI kAryoM kI dekha-rekha karatI hai| ataH gaNAvacchedinI anya tIna sAdhviyoM ko sAtha lekara vicare aura cAra anya sAdhviyoM ko sAtha meM rakhakara cAturmAsa kre| bRhatkalpa udde. 5 ke vidhAna se aura ina sUtroM ke varNana se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki akelI sAdhvI vicaraNa na kare kintu do sAdhviyAM sAtha meM vicaraNa kara sakatI haiM yA cAturmAsa kara sakatI haiN| kyoMki Agama ke kisI bhI vidhAna meM unake liye do se vicarane kA niSedha nahIM hai| kintu sAmpradAyika samAcAriyoM ke vidhAnAnusAra do sAdhviyoM kA vicaraNa evaM cAturmAsa karanA niSiddha mAnA jAtA hai, sAtha hI sevA Adi ke nimitta pravartinI Adi kI AjJA se do sAdhviyoM ko jAnA. aAnA Agama-sammata bhI mAnA jAtA hai / anya Avazyaka vivecana cauthe uddezaka ke dasa sUtroM ke samAna samajha lenA caahiye| agraNI sAdhvI ke kAla karane para sAdhvI kA kartavya 11. gAmANugAmaM dUijjamANI NiggaMthI ya jaM purao kAuMviharai, sA ya Ahacca vIsubhejjA asthi ya istha kAi aNNA upasaMpajjaNArihA sA upasaMpajjiyavvA / natya ya ittha kAi aNNA upasaMpajjaNArihA tIse ya apaNo kappAe asamate evaM se kappai egarAiyAe paDimAe jaNNaM-jaNNaM disaM aNNAo sAhammiNolo viharaMti taNNa-taNNaM disaM uvalittae /
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________________ 360 [vyavahArasUtra no se kappai tattha vihAravattiyaM vatthae / kappA se tattha kAraNavatiyaM vasthae / taMsi ca NaM kAraNaMsi nidviyaMsi paro vaejjA--'vasAhi prajje ! egarAyaM vA durAyaM vA', evaM se kappai egarAyaM vA durAyaM vA vatthae / no se kappai paraM egarAyAo vA durAyAo vA vsthe| jA tastha egarAyAo vA burAyAo vA paraM vasai sA santarA chae vA parihAre vaa| 12. vAsAvAsaM pajjosaviyA NiggaMthI ya ja purao kAuM viharai, sA ya Ahacca vIsubhejjA, asthi ya ittha kAi aNNA uvasaMpajjaNArihA sA upasaMpajjiyavvA / natthi ya itya kAi aNNA uvasaMpajjANArihA tose ya appaNo kappai asamase evaM se kappai egarAiyAe paDimAe jaNNaM-jaNNaM disaM aNNAo sAhammiNIzro viharaMti taNNaM-taNNaM disaM uvlitte| no se kappai tattha vihAravattiyaM vatthae / kappai se tattha kAraNavattiyaM btthe| taMsi ca NaM kAraNaMsi niTThiyaMsi paro vaejjA--'vasAhi ajje ! egarAyaM vA durAyaM vA', evaM se kappai egarAyaM vA durAyaM vA vatthae / no se kappai paraM egarAyAo vA durAyAno vA vatthae / jA tattha egarAyAno vA durAyAo vA paraM vasai sA saMtarA chae vA parihAre vaa| 11. grAmAnugrAma vihAra karatI huI sAdhviyAM, jisako agraNI mAnakara vihAra kara rahI hoM unake kAladharma prApta hone para zeSa sAdhviyoM meM jo sAdhvI yogya ho use agraNI banAnA caahiye| yadi anya koI sAdhvI agraNI hone yogya na ho aura svayaM ne bhI nizItha Adi kA adhyayana pUrNa na kiyA ho to use mArga meM eka-eka rAtri Thaharate hue jisa dizA meM anya sAdharmiNI sAdhviyAM vicaratI hoM, usa dizA meM jAnA caahie| mArga meM use vicarane ke lakSya se ThaharanA nahIM kalpatA hai / yadi rogAdi kA kAraNa ho to ThaharanA kalpatA hai| rogAdi ke samApta hone para yadi koI kahe ki-'he Arye ! eka yA do rAta aura Thaharo', to unheM eka yA do rAta aura ThaharanA kalpatA hai| kintu eka yA do rAta se adhika ThaharanA nahIM kalpatA hai / jo sAdhvI eka yA do rAta se adhika ThaharatI hai, vaha maryAdA-ullaMghana ke kAraNa dIkSAcheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta kI pAtra hotI hai| 12. varSAvAsa meM rahI huI sAdhviyAM jisako agraNI mAnakara raha rahI hoM usake kAladharma prApta hone para zeSa sAdhviyoM meM jo sAdhvI yogya ho, use agraNI banAnA caahiye| yadi anya koI sAdhvI agraNI hone yogya na ho aura svayaM ne bhI prAcAra-prakalpa kA adhyayana pUrNa na kiyA ho to use mArga meM eka-eka rAtri Thaharate hue jisa dizA meM anya sArdhAmaNI sAdhviyAM vicaratI hoM usa dizA meM jAnA kalpatA hai| mArga meM use vicarane ke lakSya se ThaharanA nahIM kalpatA hai|
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________________ pAMcavAM uddezaka] [361 yadi rogAdi kA kAraNa ho to ThaharanA kalpatA hai| rogAdi ke samApta hone para yadi koI kahe ki'--'he Arya ! eka yA do rAta aura Thaharo',' to use eka yA do rAta aura ThaharanA kalpatA hai| kintu eka yA do rAta se adhika ThaharanA nahIM kalpatA hai| jo sAdhvI eka yA do rAta se adhika ThaharatI hai, vaha maryAdA-ullaMghana ke kAraNa dIkSAcheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta kI pAtra hotI hai| vivecana-cauthe uddezaka ke gyArahaveM bArahaveM sUtra meM agraNI sAdhu ke kAladharma-prApta ho jAne kA varNana hai aura yahAM agraNI sAdhvI ke kAladharma-prApta ho jAne kA varNana hai| anya sAdhvI ko agraNI banane yA banAne kA athavA vihAra karane kA vivecana cauthe uddezaka ke samAna samajhanA caahie| sUtra meM"tIse ya appaNo kappAe" aura "vasAhi ajje" Adi ekavacana ke prayoga pramukha sAdhvI ko lakSya karake kiye gaye haiM aura pramukha banane yA banAne kA varNana hone ke kAraNa aneka sAdhviyoM kA honA bhI sUtra se hI spaSTa ho jAtA hai| pratino ke dvArA pada dene kA nirdeza 13. pavattiNI ya gilAyamANI annayara vaejjA-"mae NaM ajje ! kAlagayAe samANIe iyaM smukksiyvaa|" sA ya samukkasiNArihA samukkasiyavvA, sA ya no samukkasiNArihA no samukkasiyanyA / asthi ya ittha aNNA kAi samukkasiNArihA sA samukkasiyanvA / nasthi ya ittha aNNA kAi samukkasiNArihA sA ceva samukkasiyavvA / tAe ca NaM samukkiTThAe parA vaejjA-- "dussamukkiTTha te ajje / nikkhivAhi" tAe NaM nivikhakmANAe nasthi kei chae vA parihAre vA / jAmo sAhammiNIo ahAkappaM no uTThAe viharaMti savvAsi tAsi tappattiyaM chae vA parihAre vaa| 14, pavattiNI ya ohAyamANI annayaraM vaejjA"mae NaM ajje ! pohAviyAe samANIe iyaM samukkasiyavvA / " sA ya samukkasiNArihA samukkasiyavvA, sA ya no samukkasiNArihA no samukkasiyavvA / atthi ya ittha aNNA kAi samukkasiNArihA sA samukkasiyavvA / natthi ya ittha aNNA kAi samukkasiNArihA sA ceva samukkasiyavyA / tAe ca NaM samukkiTThAe parA vaejjA-"dussamukkiLaM te prajje ! nikkhivAhi / " tAe NaM nikkhivamANAe nasthi kei chae vA parihAre vaa|
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________________ [vyavahArasUtra ___jAo sAhammiNoo ahAkappaM no uvaTThAe viharaMti savvAsi tAsi tappattiyaM chee vA parihAre vaa| 13. rugNa pravartinI kisI pramukha sAdhvI se kahe ki- "he Arye ! mere kAlagata hone para amuka sAdhvI ko mere pada para sthApita krnaa|" yadi pravatinI-nirdiSTa vaha sAdhvI usa pada para sthApana karane yogya ho to use sthApita karanA caahie| yadi vaha usa pada para sthApana karane yogya na ho to use sthApita nahIM karanA cAhie / yadi samudAya meM anya koI sAdhvI usa pada ke yogya ho to sthApita karanA cAhie / yadi samudAya meM anya koI bhI sAdhvI usa pada ke yogya na ho to pravartinI-nirdiSTa sAdhvI ko hI usa pada sthApita karanA caahie| usako usa pada para sthApita karane ke bAda koI gItArtha sAdhvI kahe ki-"he AyeM ! tuma isa pada ke ayogya ho ataH isa pada ko chor3a do", (aisA kahane para) yadi vaha usa pada ko chor3a de to vaha dIkSAcheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta kI pAtra nahIM hotI hai| jo svarmiNI sAdhviyAM kalpa (uttaradAyitva) ke anusAra use pravartinI Adi pada chor3ane ke lie na kaheM to ve sabhI svarmiNI sAdhviyAM ukta kAraNa se dIkSAcheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta kI pAtra hotI haiN| 14. saMyama-parityAga kara jAne vAlI pravatinI kisI pramukha sAdhvI se kahe ki-'he prArthe ! mere cale jAne para amuka sAdhvI ko mere pada para sthApita krnaa|" yadi vaha sAdhvI usa pada para sthApana karane yogya ho to use usa pada para sthApana karanA caahie| yadi vaha usa pada para sthApana karane yogya na ho to use sthApita nahIM karanA caahie| yadi samudAya meM anya koI sAdhvI usa pada ke yogya ho to use sthApita karanA caahie| yadi samudAya meM anya koI bhI sAdhvI usa pada ke yogya na ho to pravartinI-nirdiSTa sAdhvI ko hI usa pada para sthApita karanA caahie| usako usa pada para sthApita karane ke bAda koI gItArtha sAdhvI kahe ki- 'he prArthe ! tuma isa pada ke ayogya ho, ata: isa pada ko chor3a do", (aisA kahane para) yadi vaha usa pada ko chor3a de to vaha dIkSAcheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta kI pAtra nahIM hotI hai| jo svadharmiNI sAdhviyAM kalpa (uttaradAyitva) ke anusAra use pratinI pada chor3ane ke lie na kaheM to ve sabhI svardhAmaNI sAdhviyAM ukta kAraNa se dIkSAcheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta kI pAtra hotI haiN| vivecana-AcArya apane gaccha ke sampUrNa sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke dharmazAsaka hote haiN| ataH unakA viziSTa nirNaya to sabhI sAdhviyoM ko svIkAra karanA hotA hI hai, arthAt unake nirdezAnusAra
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________________ pAMcavAM uddezaka pravartinI pada para kisI sAdhvI ko niyukta kiyA jA sakatA hai, kintu sAmAnya vidhAna kI apekSA sUtrAnusAra sAdhviyAM yA pravartinI Adi bhI anya yogya sAdhvI ko pravartinI Adi pada para niyukta kara sakatI haiN| yaha ina sUtroM se spaSTa hotA hai| anya vivecana cauthe uddezaka ke sUtra 13-14 ke samAna samajha lenA caahie| AcAraprakalpa-vismRta ko pada dene kA vidhi-niSedha 15. niggaMthassa NaM nava-Dahara-taruNassa AyArakapappe nAmaM ajjhayaNe parimbhaThe siyA, se ya pucchiyavve "keNa te kAraNeNa ajjo! prAyArapakappe nAma-ajjhayaNe paribhaTThe ? ki prAbAheNaM udAhu pamAeNaM ?" se ya vaejjA-"no prAbAheNaM, pamAeNaM," jAvajjIvaM tassa tappattiyaM no kappai pAyariyata vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vA / se ya vaejjA-"AbAheNaM, no pamAeNaM, se ya saMThavessAmi ti" saMThavejjA evaM se kappar3a AyariyattaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vaa| se ya "saMThavessAmi" ti no saMThavejjA, evaM se no kappai pAyariyattaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vaa| 16. niggaMthIe NaM nava-Dahara-taruNAe AyArapakappe nAmaM anmayaNe parimbhaThe siyA, sA ya pucchiyavyA "keNa bhe kAraNeNaM ajje ! AyArapakappe nAmaM prAyaNe paribho ? kiM prAbAheNaM, udAhu pamAeNaM ?" sAya vaejjA "no prAbAheNaM, pamAeNaM", jAvajjIvaM tIse tappattiyaM no kappai pavattiNitaM vA gaNAvaccheiNitaM vA uddisittae vA, dhArettae vaa|| sA ya vaejjA-"AbAheNaM, no pamAeNaM sA ya saMThavessAmi ti" saMThavejjA evaM se kappA pavattiNitti vA gaNAvaccheiNitaM vA uddisisae vA dhArettae baa| sAya "saMThavessAmi" ti no saMThavejjA, evaM se no kappai payattiNitaM vA gaNAvaccheiNitaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vaa| 15. navadIkSita, bAla evaM taruNa nirgrantha ke yadi AcAraprakalpa (AcArAMga-nizIthasUtra) kA adhyayana vismRta ho jAe to use pUchA jAe ki "he Arya ! tuma kisa kAraNa se prAcAraprakalpa-adhyayana ko bhUla gae ho, kyA kisI kAraNa se bhUle ho yA pramAda se ? "
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________________ 364] [vyavahArasUtra __ yadi vaha kahe ki kisI kAraNa se nahIM apitu pramAda se vismRta huA hai", to use ukta kAraNa se jIvanaparyanta AcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| yadi vaha kahe ki "amuka kAraNa se vismRta huA hai-pramAda se nahIM / aba maiM prAcAraprakalpa punaH kaNThastha kara lUgA"-aisA kahakara kaNThastha kara le to use prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA kalpatA hai / yadi vaha prAcAraprakalpa ko punaH kaNThastha kara lene ko kahakara bhI kaNThastha na kare to use prAcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 16. navadIkSita, bAla evaM taruNa nirgranthI ko yadi prAcAraprakalpa-adhyayana vismRta ho jAe to use pUchanA cAhie ki ___ "he prArthe ! tuma kisa kAraNa se prAcAraprakalpa-adhyayana bhUla gaI ho? kyA kisI kAraNa se bhUlI ho yA pramAda se ?" yadi vaha kahe ki-"kisI kAraNa se nahIM apitu pramAda se vismRta huA hai" to use ukta kAraNa se jIvanaparyanta pravartinI yA gaNAvacchedinI pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / __yadi vaha kahe ki-"amuka kAraNa se vismRta huA hai, pramAda se nahIM, maiM punaH prAcAraprakalpa ko kaNThastha kara lagI"-aisA kahakara kaNThastha kara le to use pravartinI yA gaNAvacchedinI pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA kalpatA hai / yadi vaha prAcAraprakalpa ko punaH kaNThastha kara lene ko kahakara bhI kaNThastha na kare to use pravartinI yA gaNAvacchedinI pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / / vivecana-tIsare uddezaka ke tIsare sUtra meM tIna varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAle zramaNa ko "prAcAraprakalpa" kaNThastha dhAraNa karane kA kahA gayA hai aura ina sUtroM meM pratyeka zramaNa-zramaNI ko AcAraprakalpa kaNThastha karanA evaM use kaNThastha rakhanA Avazyaka kahA gayA hai| sAtha hI gaccha ke pramukha zramaNoM kA yaha kartavya batAyA gayA hai ki ve samaya-samaya para yaha jAMca bhI karate raheM ki kisI zramaNa ko prAcAraprakalpa vismRta to nahIM ho rahA hai| yadi vismRta huA hai to usake kAraNa kI jAnakArI karanI caahie| sUtra meM yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki AcAraprakalpa ko bhUlane vAlA zramaNa yA zramaNI yadi navadIkSita hai, bAlavaya yA taruNavaya vAlA hai to use sUtrokta prAyazcitta pAtA hai / vaha prAyazcitta do prakAra kA hai, yathA-- (1) sakAraNa bhUlane para punaH kaNThastha karane taka vaha kisI bhI padavI ko dhAraNa nahIM kara sakatA tathA (siMghAr3Apramukha) bana kara vicaraNa bhI nahIM kara sktaa| (2) pramAdavaza bhUla jAya to vaha jIvanaparyanta kisI padavI ko dhAraNa nahIM kara sakatA tathA siMghAr3Apramukha bana kara vicaraNa bhI nahIM kara sktaa| "prAcAraprakalpa" se yahAM AcArAMga aura nizIthasUtra kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| isa sambandhI vistRta vyAkhyA udde. 3 sUtra 3 ke vivecana se jAna lenI caahie|
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________________ pAMcavAM uddezaka] ___ udde. tIna aura pAMca ke ina sUtra-vidhAnoM meM prAcAraprakalpa kA jo mahattva batAyA gayA hai, use lakSya meM rakhakara evaM anuprekSA karake yadi usakI racanA ke viSaya meM nirNaya kiyA jAya to sahaja hI yaha nirNaya ho jAtA hai ki isa vyavahArasUtra ke racayitA sthavira bhadrabAhusvAmI ne yA unake bAda ke kisI sthavira ne 'pAcAraprakalpa' kI racanA nahIM kI hai kintu yaha gaNadhararacita hai aura prAraMbha se hI jinazAsana ke sabhI sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko Avazyaka rUpa se adhyayana karAyA jAne vAlA zAstra hai / vartamAna meM yaha zAstra AcArAMga+nizItha ubhaya sUtroM kA sUcaka hai| dazAzrutaskaMdha ke niyuktikAra ne niyukti kI prathama gAthA meM hI sthavira zrI prathama bhadrabAhusvAmI ko vaMdana-namaskAra karate hue unheM 'tIna chedasUtroM (dazAzrutaskaMdha, bRhatkalpa aura vyavahArasUtra) kI racanA karane vAle' aise vizeSaNa se vibhUSita kiyA hai aura zrIbhadrabAhusvAmI ne apane dvArA racita (niryaDha) isa vyavahArasUtra meM solaha bAra prAcAraprakalpa kA nirdeza karate hae aneka prakAra ke vidhAna kie haiN| itanA spaSTa hote hue bhI aitihAsika bhrAntiyoM ke kAraNa vartamAna ke itihAsajJa isa sUtra ke racanAkAra aura unake samaya ke viSaya meM apane saMdigdha vicAra prastuta karate haiM, yaha atyaMta kheda kA viSaya hai| prAcAraprakalpa saMbaMdhI vyavahArasUtra ke vidhAnoM se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki adhyayana-vyavasthA meM AcArAMga-nizIthasUtra ko artha-paramArtha sahita kaMThastha karanA pratyeka sAdhu-sAdhvI ke liye atyaMta Avazyaka hai tathA svAdhyAya Adi ke dvArA use kaNThastha rakhanA bhI Avazyaka hai / jo koI bhI zramaNa yA zramaNI isake adhyayana kI yogyatA vAle nahIM hote haiM yA isakA adhyayana nahIM karate haiM athavA adhyayana karane ke bAda usakA svAdhyAya na karake vismRta kara dete haiM, ve hI zramaNa yA zramaNI jinazAsana ke kisI bhI pada ko grahaNa karane meM yA pUrva grahIta ko dhAraNa karane ke ayogya hote haiM, arthAt unheM koI pada nahIM diyA jA sakatA hai aura pahale se kisI pada para hoM to unheM pada se haTA diyA jAtA hai| ve siMghAr3Apramukha banakara bhI vicaraNa karane kA adhikAra nahIM rakhate haiM tathA kisI bhI prakAra kI gaNavyutsargasAdhanA arthAt ekalavihAra, saMbhoga-pratyAkhyAna Adi sAdhanAe~ bhI nahIM kara sakate haiN| __ prAcAraprakalpa kA dhAraka bhikSu hI jaghanya gItArtha yA jaghanya bahuzrata kahA gayA hai| vahI svataMtra vihAra yA gocarI ke yogya hotA hai| abahuzruta yA agItArtha kI gaveSaNA se prApta padArthoM ke upayoga karane kA bhI bhApya meM niSedha kiyA gayA hai evaM prAyazcitta kahA gayA hai| vartamAna meM pUrvo kA jJAna viccheda mAnanA to Agamasammata hai, kintu anya sUtroM kA viccheda honA nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai / ataH kSetra yA kAla kI aoTa lekara ina vyavahArasUtrakathita vidhAnoM ke AcaraNa kA viccheda mAnanA sarvathA anucita hai / kyoMki vartamAna meM dIkSita hone vAle aneka navayuvaka zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ko yadi yogya adhyApana karAne vAle mileM to ve tIna varSa meM itanA adhyayana kaMThastha avazya kara sakate haiN| kintu atyaMta kheda ke sAtha yaha kahanA par3atA hai ki adhyayana ke kSetra meM udAsInatA ke kAraNa vidyamAna lagabhaga dasa hajAra (10,000) jaina sAdhu-sAdhviyoM meM kevala dasa sAdhu-sAdhviyAM bhI isa prAcAraprakalpa ko arthasahita kaNThastha dhAraNa karane vAle nahIM haiN| phira bhI samAja meM aneka prAcArya, upAdhyAya haiM aura aneka pada prApti ke liye lAlAyita rahane vAle bhI haiN| saMghAr3Apramukha banakara vicaraNa karane vAle bhI aneka sAdhu-sAdhvI haiM aura ve svayaM ko pAgamAnusAra vicaraNa karane vAle bhI mAnate haiM / kintu AgamAnusAra adhyayana, vicaraNa tathA gaccha ke padoM kI vyavasthA kisa
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________________ 366] [vyavahArasUtra prakAra karanI cAhie, yaha ina chedasUtroM ke vivecana se saralatApUrvaka jAnane evaM pAlana karane kA prayatna nahIM karate haiM / yaha pAgamavidhAnoM kI upekSA karanA hai| ___ ata: vartamAna ke padavIdharoM aura gacchapramukhoM ko avazya hI isa ora dhyAna dekara Agama kI adhyayanapraNAlI ko avichinna banAye rakhanA cAhie / arthAt pratyeka navadIkSita yuvaka saMta-satI ko ucita vyavasthA ke sAtha kama se kama tIna yA pAMca dasa varSa taka Agama-adhyayana evaM AtmajAgRtiyukta saMyamapAlana meM pUrNa yogya banAnA caahie| yaha pratyeka padavIdhara kA, gacchapramukha kA aura guru kA parama kartavya hai / aisA karane se hI ve ziSyoM ke upakAraka ho sakate haiN| dazA. da. 4 meM bhI prAcAryAdi ke liye ziSya ke prati aise hI kartavyoM kA kathana karake unake RNa se uRNa honA kahA gayA hai, jisakA vivecana vahIM para dekheM / vartamAna meM aisA na karane vAle ye aneka padavIdhara kyA apane kartavyoM ke prati sajaga haiM ? evaM jinazAsana ke prati kRtajJa haiM ? athavA padoM ke dvArA kevala pratiSThA prApta karake saMtuSTi karane vAle haiM ? isa viSaya meM gaharA vicAra karake jinazAsana ke prati kartavyaniSThA rakhane vAle AtmArthI sAdhakoM ko AgamAnusAra adhyayana-adhyApana evaM padapradAna karane kI vyavasthA karanI cAhie evaM vikRta paraMparA ko AgamAnusArI banAne meM prayatnazIla honA caahie| vartamAna meM yaha mAnyatA bhI pracalita hai ki-'prAcArAMga evaM nizIthasUtra kA yadi gurumukha se eka bAra vAcana-zravaNa kara liyA to pramukha banakara vicaraNa yA padavIdhAraNa kiyA jA sakatA hai aura aisA karane para sUtrAjJA kA pAlana ho jAtA hai| kintu ina do sUtroM meM kie gae vidhAnoM ko gaharAI se samajhane para uparyukta dhAraNA kevala svamatikalpita kalpanAmAtra siddha hotI hai| kyoMki ina sUtroM meM prAcAraprakalpa ke vismRta hone Adi ke vidhAna se pratyeka sAdhu-sAdhvI ko kaMThastha dhAraNa karanA hI siddha hotA hai| __ kaI prAcAryoM kI yaha bhI mAnyatA hai ki--'sAdhvI ko nizIthasUtra kA adhyayana-adhyApana Arya rakSita ke dvArA niSiddha hai', yaha bhI AgamaviparIta kalpanA hai / kyoMki prastuta solahaveM sUtra meM sAdhvI ko prAcAraprakalpa ke kaNThastha rakhane kA spaSTa vidhAna hai| prAgamavidhAnoM se viparIta prAjJA dekara paraMparA calAne kA adhikAra kisI bhI prAcArya ko nahIM hotA hai aura sAr3he navapUrvI AryarakSitasvAmI aisI AjJA de bhI nahIM sakate haiM, phira bhI itihAsa ke nAma se aisI kaI asaMgata kalpanAe~ pracalita ho jAtI haiN| ataH kalpita kalpanAmoM se sAvadhAna rahakara sUtrAjJA ko pramukhatA denI cAhaye / sthavira ke lie AcAraprakalpa ke punarAvartana karane kA vidhAna 17. therANaM therabhUmipattANaM AyArapakappe nAma ajjhayaNe paribhaTTe siyA, kappai tesi saMThavettANa vA, asaMThavettANa vA prAyariyattaM vA jAva gaNAvaccheiyattaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vaa| 18. therANaM therabhUmipattANaM AyArapakappe nAma ajJayaNe parismaThe siyA, kappai tesi
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________________ pAMcavAM uddezaka] [367 sannisaNNANa vA, saMtuyANa vA, uttANayANa vA, pAsillayANa vA AyarapakappaM nAmaM ajjhayaNaM doccaMpi taccapi paDipucchittae vA, paDisArettae vaa| 17. sthaviratva (vRddhAvasthA) prApta sthavira yadi prAcAraprakalpa-adhyayana vismRta ho jAe (aura punaH kaNThastha kare yA na kare) to bhI unheM AcArya yAvat gaNAvacchedaka pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA kalpatA hai| 18. sthaviratvaprApta sthavira yadi pAcAraprakalpa-adhyayana vismRta ho jAe to unheM baiThe hue, leTe hue, uttAnAsana se soye hue yA pArzvabhAga se zayana kiye hue bhI AcAraprakalpa-adhyayana do-tIna bAra pUchakara smaraNa karanA aura punarAvRtti karanA kalpatA hai / ___ vivecana-pUrva sUtradvika ke kahe gaye viSaya kA hI yahAM sthavira sAdhu-sAdhvI kI apekSA kathana kiyA gayA hai| bhASya meM cAlIsa se unasattara varSa kI vaya vAle ko prauDha kahA hai aura sattara varSa se adhika vaya vAle ko sthavira kahA gayA hai| kintu ThANAMgasUtra evaM vyavahArasUtra udde. 10 Adi prAgamoM meM 60 varSa kI vaya vAle ko sthavira kahA gayA hai / ataH cAlIsa se unasaTha varSa taka kI vaya vAle ko prauDha samajhanA caahie| prastuta sUtradvaya meM sthavira bhikSutroM ke liye ApavAdika vidhAna kiyA hai, jo prauDha ke liye nahIM samajhA jA sktaa| ata: prauDha kA samAveza pUrva sUtradvika meM upalakSaNa se yA parizeSanyAya se samajha lenA caahie| kyoMki usa avasthA taka zruta kaMThastha dhAraNa karane kI zakti kA adhika hrAsa nahIM hotA hai| smaraNazakti kA hrAsa sATha varSa kI vaya ke bAda honA adhika saMbhava hai / ataH prauDha sAdhusAdhviyoM ke prAcAraprakalpa vismaraNa kA prAyazcitta bhI pUrva sUtradvika meM aMtanihita hai, aisA samajha lenA caahie| sattarahaveM sUtra meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki sthavira bhikSu yadi AcAraprakalpa vismRta ho jAye aura vaha use punaH upasthita kara sake yA upasthita na bhI kara sake to unheM koI bhI pada diyA jA sakatA hai aura pUrvapradatta pada ko ve dhAraNa bhI kara sakate haiM / prastuta sUtroM kA Azaya yaha hai ki sthavira bhikSu ko bhI AcAraprakalpa punaH upasthita karane kA prayatna to karanA hI cAhie, kintu puna: upasthita na ho sakane para unheM koI bhI prAyazcitta nahIM AtA hai| aThArahaveM sUtra meM bhI yaha spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki ve sUtra ko punaH kaNThastha rakhane ke liye kabhI leTe hue yA baiThe hue bhI anya sAdhuoM se sUtra kA zravaNa kara sakate haiM yA bIca ke koI sthala vismRta hoM to unheM pUcha sakate haiM / isa prakAra isa sUtra meM bhikSu ko vRddhAvasthA meM bhI svAdhyAyapriya honA sUcita kiyA gayA hai| sUtra meM "therANaM therabhUmipattANaM" zabda prayoga se yaha sUcita kiyA gayA hai ki vayaHsthavira hote hue bhI jinheM bur3hApA A cukA hai arthAt jinakI zarIrazakti aura indriyazakti kSINa ho cukI hai, unakI apekSA hI yaha ApavAdika vidhAna samajhanA caahie|
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________________ 368] [vyavahArasUtra paraspara AlocanA karane ke vidhi-niSedha 19. je niggaMthA ya niggathIo ya saMbhoiyA siyA, no NaM kappai aNNamaNNassa aMtie aaloitte| asthi ya ittha NaM kei pAloyaNArihe kappai NaM tassa aMtie paaloitte| natthi ya ittha NaM kei AloyaNArihe evaM NaM kappai aNNamaNNassa aMtie aaloitte| 19. jo sAdhu aura sAdhviyAM sAmbhogika haiM, unheM paraspara eka dUsare ke samIpa AlocanA karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / yadi svapakSa meM koI AlocanA sunane yogya ho to unake samIpa hI AlocanA karanA kalpatA hai| yadi svapakSa meM AlocanA sunane yogya koI na ho to sAdhu-sAdhvI ko paraspara AlocanA karanA kalpatA hai| vivecana-bRhatkalpasUtra ke cauthe uddezaka meM bAraha sAMbhogika vyavahAroM kA varNana karate hue autsargika vidhi se sAdhviyoM ke sAtha chaha sAMbhogika vyavahAra rakhanA kahA gayA hai| tadanusAra sAdhviyoM ke sAtha eka mAMDalika pAhAra kA vyavahAra nahIM hotA hai tathA AgADha kAraNa ke binA unake sAtha AhArAdi kA lena-dena bhI nahIM hotA hai, to bhI ve sAdhu-sAdhvI eka prAcArya kI AjJA meM hone se aura eka gaccha vAle hone se sAMbhogika kahe jAte haiN| aise sAMbhogika sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke lie bhI AlocanA, pratikramaNa, prAyazcitta Adi paraspara karanA niSiddha hai, arthAt sAdhu apane doSoM kI AlocanA, prAyazcitta prAcArya, upAdhyAya, sthavira Adi ke pAsa hI kareM aura sAdhviyAM apanI AlocanA, prAyazcitta pravartinI, sthavirA Adi yogya zramaNiyoM ke pAsa hI kareM, yaha vidhimArga yA utsargamArga hai| apavAdamArga ke anusAra kisI gaNa meM sAdhu yA sAdhviyoM meM kabhI koI AlocanAzravaNa ke yogya na ho yA prAyazcitta dene yogya na ho taba paristhitivaza sAdhu svagacchIya sAdhvI ke pAsa AlocanA, pratikramaNa, prAyazcitta kara sakatA hai aura sAdhvI svagacchIya sAdhu ke pAsa AlocanA Adi kara sakatI hai| __ isa vidhAna se yaha spaSTa hai ki sAmAnyatayA eka gaccha ke sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko bhI paraspara pAlocanA, prAyazcitta nahIM karanA caahie| paraspara AlocanA kA duSphala batAte hue bhASya meM kahA gayA hai ki sAdhu yA sAdhvI ko kabhI caturthavrata bhaMga saMbaMdhI AlocanA karanI ho aura AlocanA sunane vAlAsAdhU yA sAdhvI bhI kAmavAsanA se parAbhUta ho to aise avasara para use apane bhAva prakaTa karane kA avasara mila sakatA hai aura vaha kaha sakatA hai ki 'tumheM prAyazcitta to lenA hI hai to eka bAra merI icchA bhI pUrNa kara do, phira eka sAtha prAyazcitta ho jaayegaa| isa prakAra paraspara AlocanA ke kAraNa eka dUsare kA adhikAdhika patana hone kI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai / anya doSoM kI AlocanA karate samaya bhI ekAMta meM punaH-punaH sAdhu-sAdhvI kA saMparka hone se aise doSoM ke utpanna hone kI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai /
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________________ pAMcavAM uddezaka] aise hI kAraNoM se svAdhyAya yA vAcanA Adi ke sivAya sAdhu-sAdhvI ko paraspara sabhI prakAra kA saMparka vajita hai / isaliye unheM eka dUsare ke upAzraya meM sAmAnya vArtAlApa yA kevala darzana hetu athavA paramparA-pAlana ke liye nahIM jAnA caahie| sthAnAMgasUtra-nidiSTa sevA Adi paristhitiyoM se jAnA to Agamasammata hai| sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke paraspara saMparkaniSedha kA vizeSa varNana bRha. u. 3 sUtra 1 ke vivecana meM dekheN| usa sUtra meM paraspara eka dUsare ke upAzraya ke baiThane, khar3e rahane Adi aneka kAryo kA niSedha hai| paraspara sevA karane kA vidhi-niSedha 20. je niggaMthA ya niggaMthIyo ya saMbhoiyA siyA, no gaM kappai aNNamaNNaNaM veyAvaccaM kaarvette| asthi ya ittha NaM ke veyAvaccakare kappai NaM teNaM veyAvaccaM kAravettae, natyi ya itya NaM kei veyAvaccakare, evaM NaM kappai aNNamaNNeNaM veyAvaccaM kaarvette| 20. jo sAdhu aura sAdhviyAM sAMbhogika haiM, unheM paraspara eka dUsare kI vaiyAvRtya karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| yadi svapakSa meM koI vaiyAktya karane vAlA ho to usI se vaiyAvRtya karAnA kalpatA hai| yadi svapakSa meM vaiyAvRtya karane vAlA koI na ho to sAdhu-sAdhvI ko paraspara vaiyAvRtya karanA kalpatA hai| vivecana-pUrvasUtra meM sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke paraspara AlocanA karane kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai aura prastuta sUtra meM paraspara eka dUsare ke kAryoM ko karane kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| sAdhu-sAdhvI ke saMyama hetu zarIra sambandhI aura upakaraNa sambandhI jo bhI Avazyaka kArya ho vaha prathama to svayaM hI karanA cAhie aura kabhI koI kArya sAdhu-sAdhunoM se aura sAdhviyAM sAdhviyoM se bhI karavA sakatI haiM, yaha vidhimArga hai|| roga Adi kAraNoM se yA kisI Avazyaka kArya ke karane meM asamartha hone se paristhitivaza vivekapUrvaka sAdhu sAdhvI paraspara bhI apanA kArya karavA sakate haiM, yaha apavAdamArga hai| ataH vizeSa paristhiti ke binA sAdhu-sAdhvI ko paraspara koI bhI kArya nahIM karanA cAhie / ina sUtroM ke pArasparika vyavahAroM ke niSedha kA mukhya kAraNa yaha hai ki ina pravRttiyoM se atisamparka, mohavRddhi hone se kabhI brahmacarya meM asamAdhi utpanna ho sakatI hai aura isa prakAra kA paraspara anAvazyaka pratisamparka dekhakara jana-sAdhAraNa meM kaI prakAra kI kuzaMkAeM utpanna ho sakatI haiN| ataH sUtrokta vidhAna ke anusAra hI sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko AcaraNa karanA caahie| paraspara kiye jAne vAle sevAkArya-- (1) AhAra-pAnI lAkara denA yA lenA athavA nimaMtraNa krnaa| (2) vastra-pAtra Adi upakaraNoM kI yAcanA karake lAkara denA yA svayaM ke yAcita upakaraNa denaa|
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________________ 370] [vyavahArasUtra (3) upakaraNoM kA parikarma kArya-sInA, jor3anA, rogAnAdi lgaanaa| (4) vastra, rajoharaNa Adi dhonaa| (5) rajoharaNa Adi upakaraNa banAkara denaa| (6) pratilekhana Adi kara denA / ityAdi aneka kArya yathAsambhava samajha lene caahie| inheM AgAr3ha paristhitiyoM ke binA paraspara karanA karavAnA sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko nahIM kalpatA hai evaM karane-karavAne para gurucaumAsI prAyazcitta AtA hai| prAcArya Adi padavIdharoM ke bhI pratilekhanA Adi sevA kArya kevala bhakti pradarzita karane ke liye sAdhviyAM nahIM kara sakatI haiM / yadi prAcArya Adi isa taraha apanA kArya akAraNa karavAveM to ve bhI gurucaumAsI prAyazcitta ke pAtra hote haiN| tAtparya yaha hai ki sAtha meM rahane vAle sAdhu jo sevAkArya kara sakate hoM to sAdhviyoM se nahIM karAnA cAhie, usI prakAra sAdhviyoM ko bhI jaba taka anya sAdhviyAM karane vAlI hoM taba taka sAdhuoM se apanA koI bhI kArya nahIM karavAnA caahie| sarpadaMzacikitsA ke vidhi-niSedha 21. niggathaM ca NaM rAo vA viyAle vA dohapuTTho lUsejjA, itthI vA purisassa omAvejjA, puriso vA itthIe promAvejjA, evaM se kappai, evaM se ciTTai, parihAraM ca se no pAuNai, esa kappo ther-kppiyaannN| evaM se no kappai, evaM se no ciTThai, parihAraM ca se pAuNai, esa kappe jiNakappiyANaM / 21. yadi kisI nirgrantha yA nirgranthI ko rAtri yA vikAla (sandhyA) meM sarpa Dasa le aura usa samaya strI nirgrantha kI aura puruSa nirgranthI kI sarpadaMza cikitsA kare to isa prakAra upacAra karAnA unako kalpatA hai / isa prakAra upacAra karAne para bhI unakI nirgranthatA rahatI hai tathA ve prAyazcitta ke pAtra nahIM hote haiM / yaha sthavirakalpI sAdhuoM kA AcAra hai| jinakalpa vAloM ko isa prakAra upacAra karAnA nahIM kalpatA hai, isa prakAra upacAra karAne para unakA jinakalpa nahIM rahatA hai aura ve prAyazcitta ke pAtra hote haiN| yaha jinakalpI sAdhuoM kA AcAra hai| vivecana--bRhatkalpasUtra ke cha8 uddezaka meM 6 prakAra kI kalpasthiti kahI gaI hai, arthAt 6 prakAra kA AcAra kahA gayA hai| vahAM para sthavirakalpI aura jinakalpI kA AcAra bhinna-bhinna sUcita kiyA hai / usa prAcAra-bhinnatA kA eka udAharaNa isa sUtra meM spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| donoM ke prAcAra meM mukhya antara yaha hai ki sthavirakalpI yathAvasara zarIraparikarma, auSadhaupacAra tathA paristhiti vaza kisI bhI apavAdamArga kA anusaraNa kara sakate haiM, kintu jinakalpI dRr3hatApUrvaka utsargamArga para hI calate haiN| ve kisI bhI prakAra kA auSadha-upacAra, zarIraparikarma,
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________________ [371 pAMcavAM uddezaka] zarIrasaMrakSaNa Adi nahIM kara sakate haiM tathA anya bhI aneka prakAra kI viziSTa samAcArI kA ve pAlana karate haiN| prastuta sUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki sthavirakalpI bhikSu ko sAMpa kATa khAe to vaha mantravAdI se sAMpa kA jahara utaravA sakatA hai| rAtri meM bhI vaha sarpadaMza kA upacAra karA sakatA hai tathA sAdhvI, puruSa se aura sAdhu, strI se bhI rAtri meM sarpadaMza kA upacAra karA sakatA hai| koI sthavirakalpI bhI dRr3ha manobalI ho aura cikitsA na karAve to yaha usakI icchA para nirbhara hai arthAt sUtroM meM dI gaI chUTa yA sUtroM se pratidhvanita hone vAlI chUTa kA sevana sthavirakalpI ke lie sadA aicchika hotA hai| jinakalpI kI sAdhanA meM svecchA kA koI vikalpa nahIM hai| use to zarIra-nirapekSa hokara grahaNa kI gaI pratijJAyoM ko jIvanaparyanta pAlana karanA hotA hai| nirvadya apavAda sevana se bhI inakA jinakalpa bhaMga ho jAtA hai, jisase ve prAyazcitta ke bhAgI hote haiM / sthavirakalpI ko paristhitivaza nirvadya apavAda sevana kA prAyazcitta nahIM AtA hai aura kabhI kisI paristhiti meM sAvadha apavAda sevana kA bhI atyalpa prAyazcitta hI AtA hai| kintu akAraNa maryAdA kA ullaMghana karane para unheM bhI vizeSa prAyazcitta AtA hai / jinakalpI ko viziSTa samAcArI 1. tIsare prahara meM hI gocarI karanA evaM vihAra bhI tIsare prahara meM hI krnaa| 2. rUkSa evaM lepa rahita padArthoM kA AhAra karanA, abhigraha yukta gocarI karanA evaM antima pAMca piMDeSaNAoM meM se kisI eka piMDeSaNA se AhArAdi grahaNa krnaa| 3. vastra-pAtra Adi bhI tIsarI cauthI vastraiSaNA-pAtraiSaNA (paDimA) se grahaNa krnaa| 4. aupagrahika upadhi nahIM rakhanA, ataH saMstArakapaTTa yA Asana bhI nahIM rkhnaa| 5. tIsare prahara ke atirikta prAyaH sadA kAyotsarga karanA yA utkuTukAsana se samaya vyatIta krnaa| 6. bichAe hue pATa, saMstAraka yA pRthvIzilA mila jAya to hI upayoga meM lenaa| 7. saMyama pAlana yogya kSetra meM pUrNa mAsakalpa rahanA aura cAturmAsa meM kisI bhI kAraNa se vihAra nahIM krnaa| 8. dasa prakAra kI samAcArI meM se do samAcAriyoM kA pAlana krnaa| 9. sthaMDila ke 10 doSa-rahita bhUmi ho to hI paraThanA anyathA nahIM prtthnaa| 10. makAna kA pramArjana, biloM ko DhakanA, banda karanA Adi nahIM karanA, na daravAje kholanA, na banda krnaa| 11. gRhastha kI icchA binA kucha bhI nahIM lenA yA unheM aprItikara ho, aisA kucha bhI vyavahAra nahIM karanA / 12. makAna dete samaya koI pUche-"tuma kitane sAdhu ho, kitanA Thaharoge" aise bhAvoM se pUchane para nahIM tthhrnaa|
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________________ 372] [vyavahArasUtra 13. alpa samaya bhI agni yA dIpaka jale yA usakA prakAza Ave vahAM nahIM ThaharanA / 14. bhikSu kI 12 paDimA tathA anya bhadra-mahAbhadra Adi paDimA nahIM karanA / 15. gAMva meM gocarI ke gharoM ko chaha vibhAga meM vibhAjita karanA, phira eka dina meM kisI eka vibhAga meM hI gocarI karanA, chaha dinoM ke pUrva punaH vahAM gocarI nahIM jaanaa| 16. anya koI bhikSu gocarI jAe, usa vibhAga meM nahIM jaanaa| 17. atikrama Adi doSoM ke saMkalpamAtra kA bhI gurucaumAsI prAyazcitta lenA / 18. kisI ko dIkSA na denA, kintu pratibodha de sakate haiN| 19. prAMkha Adi kA maila nahIM nikAlanA / 20. vRddhAvasthA meM jaMghAvala kSINa hone para vihAra nahIM kahanA, kintu anya sabhI jinakalpa kI maryAdAoM kA pAlana karanA / ityAdi aura bhI aneka maryAdAeM haiM, jinheM bhASyAdi se athavA abhi. rAjendra koSa bhAga 4 'jinakalpa' zabda pR. 1473 (19) se jAna lenA caahie| abhi. rAjendra koSa meM jinakalpa kA artha isa prakAra kiyA hai(1) jinAH gacchanirgatasAdhuvizeSAH teSAM kalpa: samAcAraH / 'jinAnAmiva kalpo jinakalpa ugravihAravizeSaH--ugravihArI gacchanirgata sAdhu jinakalpI kahe jAte haiM aura unakI samAcArImaryAdAoM ko jinakalpa kahA jAtA hai| isaliye hI prastuta sUtra meM unheM sAMpa kATa jAya to bhI cikitsA karAne kA niSedha hai / prastuta sUtravidhAna ke anusAra sthavirakalpI kI saMyamasAdhanA zarIrasApekSa yA zarIranirapekSa donoM prakAra kI hotI hai, kintu jinakalpa-sAdhanA zarIranirapekSa hI hotI hai / pAMcaveM uddezaka kA sArAMza sUtra 1-10 pravatinI do sAdhviyoM ko sAtha lekara vicaraNa kare aura tIna sAdhviyoM ko sAtha lekara cAturmAsa kre| ___gaNAvacchedikA tIna sAdhviyoM ko sAtha lekara vicaraNa kare evaM cAra sAdhviyoM ko sAtha lekara cAturmAsa kre| aneka pravartinI yA gaNAvacchedikA sammilita hoveM to bhI uparyukta saMkhyA ke anusAra hI pratyeka ko rahanA caahie| 11-12 pramukhA sAdhvI ke kAladharma prApta ho jAne para zeSa sAdhviyAM anya yogya ko pramukhA banAkara vicaraNa kreN| yogya na ho to vihAra karake zIghra anya saMghAr3e meM mila jaaveN| 13-14 pravartinI-nirdiSTa yogya sAdhvI ko padavI denA, vaha yogya na ho to anya yogya sAdhvI ko pada para niyukta krnaa| 15-16 AcArAMga nizIthasUtra pratyeka sAdhu-sAdhvI ko artha sahita kaNThastha dhAraNA karanA aura unheM upasthita rakhanA caahie| AcAryAdi ko bhI yathAsamaya pUchatAcha karate rahanA caahie| yadi kisI ko ye sUtra vismRta ho jAye to use kisI prakAra ke
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________________ pAMcavAM uddezaka] [373 sUtra 17-18 pada para na rakheM na hI use pramukha bana kara vicaraNa karane kI AjJA deN| yadi koI rogAdi ke kAraNa se sUtra bhUla jAya to svastha hone para punaH kaNThastha karane ke bAda pada Adi diye jA sakate haiN| vaddhAvasthA vAle sthavira ke dvArA ye kaNThastha sUtra bhUla jAnA kSamya hai tathA puna: yAda karate hue bhI yAda na hove to koI prAyazcitta nahIM hai| vRddha bhikSu kabhI leTe hue yA baiThe hue sUtra kI punarAvRtti, zravaNa yA pRcchA Adi kara sakate haiN| vizeSa paristhiti ke binA sAdhu-sAdhvI ko paraspara eka dUsare ke pAsa AlocanA, prAyazcitta nahIM karanA caahie| sAdhu-sAdhvI ko paraspara eka dUsare kA koI bhI sevAkArya nahIM karanA caahie| Agamokta vizeSa paristhitiyoM meM ve eka dUsare kI sevAparicaryA kara sakate haiN| sAMpa kATa jAya to sthavirakalpI bhikSu ko mantracikitsA karAnA kalpatA hai, kintu jinakalpI ko cikitsA karanA yA karAnA nahIM kalpatA hai| sthavirakalpI ko usa cikitsA karAne kA prAyazcitta bhI nahIM hai| jinakalpI ko aisA karane para prAyazcitta AtA hai| upasaMhAra sUtra 1-10 11-12 13-14 15-18 19-20 isa prakAra isa uddezaka meMpravartinI Adi ke sAtha vicaraNa karane vAlI sAdhviyoM kI saMkhyA kA, pramukhA sAdhvI ke kAla karane para Avazyaka kartavyoM kA, pravatino-nirdiSTa yA anya yogya sAdhvI ko pada dene kA, prAcAraprakalpa kaNThastha rakhane kA, sAdhu-sAdhvI ko paraspara sevA, mAlocanA nahIM karane kA, sarpadaMzacikitsA kA, ityAdi viSayoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| // pAMcavAM uddezaka samApta //
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________________ chaThA uddezaka svajana-parijana-gRha meM gocarI jAne kA vidhi-niSedha . 1. bhikkhu ya icchejjA nAyavihiM ettae, no se kappai se there aNApucchittA nAyavihiM ette| kappai se there pApucchitA nAyavihi ette| therA ya se viyarejjA, evaM se kappai nAyavihiM ette| therA ya se no viyarejjA, evaM se no kappai nAyavihiM ette|| je tattha therehi aviiNNe nAyavihiM ei, se saMtarA chae vA parihAre vaa| no se kappai appasuyassa appAgamassa egANiyassa nAyavihiM ette| kappai se je tattha bahussue babbhAgame teNa saddhi nAyavihiM ette| tattha se puvAgamaNeNaM puvAutte cAulodaNe, pacchAuta bhiliMgasUve, kappar3a se cAulodaNe paDigAhittae, no se kappai bhiliMgasUve pddigaahitte| tattha se puzvAgamaNeNaM puSpAutte bhiliMgasUve, pacchAutte cAulodaNe, kappai se miliMgasUve paDigAhittae, no se kappai cAulodaNe pddigaahitte|| tattha se puvAgamaNeNaM do vi puyAuttAI kappar3a se dovi pddigaahitte| tattha se puvAgamaNeNaM do vi pacchAuttAI no se kappai do vi pddigaahitte| je se tattha puvAgamaNeNaM puvAutte evaM se kappai paDigAhittae / je se tattha puvAgamaNeNaM pacchAutte no se kappai paDigAhitae / 1. bhikSu yadi svajanoM ke ghara gocarI jAnA cAhe to sthaviroM se pUche binA svajanoM ke ghara jAnA nahIM kalpatA hai| sthaviroM se pUchakara svajanoM ke ghara jAnA kalpatA hai| sthavira yadi AjJA de to svajanoM ke ghara jAnA kalpatA hai| sthavira yadi AjJA na de to svajanoM ke ghara para jAnA nahIM kalpatA hai| sthaviroM kI AjJA ke binA yadi svajanoM ke ghara jAe to ve dIkSAcheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta ke pAtra hote haiN| ___ alpazruta aura alpAgamajJa akele bhikSu aura akelI bhikSuNI ko svajanoM ke ghara jAnA nahIM kalpatA hai| kintu samudAya meM jo bahuzruta aura bahuaAgamajJa bhikSu hoM, unake sAtha svajanoM ke ghara jAnA kalpatA hai|
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________________ chaTThA uddezaka] [375 jJAtijana ke ghara meM nimrantha-nirgranthiyoM ke Agamana se pUrva cAvala raMdhe hue hoM aura dAla pIche se raMdhe to cAvala lenA kalpatA hai, kintu dAla lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| vahAM Agamana se pUrva dAla raMdhI hue ho aura cAvala pIche se raMdhe to dAla lenA kalpatA hai kintu cAvala lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| vahAM prAgamana se pUrva dAla aura cAvala donoM raMdhe hue hoM to donoM lene kalpate haiM / aura donoM bAda meM raMdhe hoM to donoM lene nahIM kalpate haiM / isa prakAra jJAtijana ke ghara bhikSu ke Agamana se pUrva jo AhAra agni Adi se dUra rakhA huA ho, vaha lenA kalpatA hai / jo Agamana ke bAda meM agni se dUra rakhA gayA ho, vaha lenA nahIM kalpatA hai / vivecana-jisa prakAra AhAra lene ke lie jAne kI sAmAnya rUpa se guru-prAjJA lI jAtI hai to bhI nizItha u. 4 ke anusAra vigayayukta AhAra grahaNa karane ke lie prAcAryAdi kI viziSTa prAjJA lenA Avazyaka hotA hai| usI prakAra prastuta sUtra meM bhikSAcarI hetu sAmAnya AjJA prApta karane ke atirikta apane pArivArika logoM ke gharoM meM gocarI jAne ke lie viziSTa prAjJA prApta karane kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| jo bhikSu bahuzruta hai, vaha AjJA prApta karane ke bAda svayaM kI pramukhatA se jJAtijanoM ke gharoM meM bhikSArtha jA sakatA hai| kintu jo bhikSu abahuzruta hai evaM alpa dIkSAparyAya vAlA (tIna varSa se kama) hai, vaha prAjJA prApta karake bhI svayaM kI pramukhatA se nahIM jA sakatA, kintu kisI bahuzruta bhikSu ke sAtha hI apane jJAtijanoM ke ghara jA sakatA hai / sUtra meM "NAyavihi" zabda kA prayoga hai| usameM jJAtijanoM ke ghara jAne ke sabhI prayojana samAviSTa haiM / ata: gocarI Adi kisI bhI prayojana se jAnA ho to usake lie isa sUtrokta vidhi kA pAlana karanA Avazyaka hai| ukta vidhi ko bhaMga karane para vaha yathAyogya tapa yA cheda rUpa prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| _sUtra ke uttarArdha meM bhikSAcarI sambandhI viveka nihita hai| gaveSaNA ke 42 doSoM meM evaM AcArAMgasUtra aura dazavaikAlikasUtra ke piMDeSaNA adhyayana meM sUcita aneka doSoM meM isa prakAra kA viveka sUcita nahIM kiyA hai| kintu jJAtijanoM ke ghara gocarI jAne ke vidhAna ke sAtha hI isa kA vistRta vidhAna prastuta sUtra meM evaM dazA. da. 6 aura dazA da. 8 meM kiyA gayA hai| ataH yaha eSaNA kA doSa nahIM hai, kintu jJAtijanoM ke ghara se sambandhita doSa hai| yahAM isa sUtra kA prAzaya yaha hai ki jJAtijanoM ke ghara meM bhakti kI adhikatA yA anurAga kI adhikatA rahatI hai| isI kAraNa se prAcA. zra. 2 a. 1 u. 9 meM bhI ina gharoM meM gocarI kA samaya na hunmA ho to dUsarI bAra jAne kA niSedha kiyA hai aura nizItha u. 2 meM jJAtijanoM ke gharoM meM dubArA jAne para prAyazcitta kahA hai| kintu jJAtijanoM ke atirikta anya gharoM meM dubArA jAe to yaha niSedha evaM prAyazcitta nahIM hai, kyoMki eSaNA ke sAmAnya niyamoM meM yaha niyama nahIM hai|
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________________ {saag __isake atirikta jina gharoM meM adhika bhakti evaM anurAga ho to upalakSaNa se vahAM bhI yaha viveka rakhanA Avazyaka samajha lenA caahie| kyoMki vahAM bhI aise doSoM ke lagane kI sambhAvanA to rahatI hI hai| isa sUtrAMza meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki pArivArika logoM ke ghara meM gocarI ke lie praveza karane ke bAda koI bhI khAdya padArtha niSpAdita ho yA culhe para se cAvala dAla yA roTI dUdha Adi koI bhI padArtha haTAyA jAe to use nahIM lenA caahie| usa padArtha ke haTAne meM sAdhu kA nimitta ho yA na ho, jJAta kula meM aise padArtha agrAhya hai| vahAM ghara meM praveza karane ke pahale hI jo padArtha niSpanna ho yA cUlhe para se utarA huA ho, vahIM lenA caahie| aparicita yA alpaparicita gharoM meM ukta padArtha lene kA sUtra meM niSedha nahIM hai| _ isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki anurAgI jJAtijana Adi bhaktivaza kabhI sAdhu ke nimitta bhI vaha pravRtti kara sakate haiM jisase agnikAya kI virAdhanA honA sambhava hai, kintu alpaparicita yA alpAnurAgI gharoM meM ukta doSa ko sambhAvanA nahIM rahatI hai| ata: una kuloM meM ukta niyama kI upayogitA nahIM hai| isIlie yaha vidhAna AgamoM meM kevala jJAtijanoM ke kula ke sAtha hI jor3A gayA hai| AcArya Adi ke atizaya 2. Ayariya-uvajjhAyassa gaNaMsi paMca aisesA paNNattA, taM jahA 1. Ayariya-uvajjhAe aMto uvassayassa pAe nigijjhiya-nigijjhiya papphoDemANe vA pamajjemANe vA nAikkamai / 2. Ayariya-uvajzAe aMto uvassayassa uccAra-pAsavaNaM vigicamANe vA visohemANe vA nAikkamai / 3. Ayariya-uvajjhAe pabhU veyAvADiyaM, icchA karejjA, icchA no krejjaa| 4. Ayariya-uvajjhAe aMto uvassayassa egarAyaM vA durAyaM vA ego vasamANe nAikkamai / 5. Ayariya-uvajjhAe bAhi uvassayassa egarAyaM vA durAyaM vA egano vasamANe naaikkmi| 3. gaNAvaccheiyassa NaM garNasi do aisesA paNNattA, taM jahA-- 1. gaNAvaccheie aMto uvassayassa egarAyaM vA durAyaM vA egao vasamANe nAikkamai / 2. gaNAvaccheie bAhiM uvassayassa egarAyaM vA durAyaM vA ego vasamANe naaikkmi| gaNa meM prAcArya aura upAdhyAya ke pAMca atizaya kahe gaye haiM, yathA 1. AcArya aura upAdhyAya upAzraya ke andara dhUla se bhare apane pairoM se Akara ke kapar3e se poche yA pramArjana kareM to maryAdA (jinAjJA) kA ullaMghana nahIM hotA hai|
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________________ chaTThA uddezaka] [377 2. AcArya aura upAdhyAya upAzraya ke andara mala-mUtrAdi kA tyAga va zuddhi kareM to maryAdA kA ullaMghana nahIM hotA hai| ___3. sazakta AcArya yA upAdhyAya icchA ho to sevA ke kArya kareM aura icchA na ho to na kareM, phira bhI maryAdA kA ullaMghana nahIM hotA hai| 4. prAcArya aura upAdhyAya upAzraya ke andara kisI vizeSa kAraNa se yadi eka-do rAta akele raheM to bhI maryAdA kA ullaMghana nahIM hotA hai| 5. prAcArya aura upAdhyAya upAzraya ke bAhara kisI vizeSa kAraNa se yadi eka-do rAta akele raheM to bhI maryAdA kA ullaMghana nahIM hotA hai| 3. gaNa meM gaNAvacchedaka ke do atizaya kahe gaye haiM, yathA 1. gaNAvacchedaka upAzraya ke andara (kisI vizeSa kAraNa se) yadi eka-do rAta akele raheM to maryAdA kA ullaMghana nahIM hotA hai| 2. gaNAvacchedaka upAzraya ke bAhara (kisI vizeSa kAraNa se) yadi eka-do rAta akele raheM to maryAdA kA ullaMghana nahIM hotA hai| vivecanAcArakalpa ko kucha vizeSatAoM kA yahAM "atizaya" zabda se nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| ThANAMgasUtra ke pAMcaveM aura sAtaveM adhyayana meM bhI prAcArya-upAdhyAya ke pAMca aura sAta atizaya kahe gaye haiM / vahAM pAMca atizaya to prastuta sUtra ke samAna haiM aura do vizeSa kahe gaye haiM, yathA(1) upakaraNAtizaya aura (2) bhaktapAnAtizaya / bhASya meM inhIM do atizayoM ke sthAna para pAMca atizaya vizeSa kahe haiM, yathA bhatte, pANe, dhuvaNe, pasaMsaNA hatthapAyasoe y| pAyarie atisesA, praNAtisesA aNAyarie // 229 // bhASya gA. 230 se 246 taka isakA vivecana kiyA gayA hai, usakA sArAMza isa prakAra hai(1) kSetra-kAla ke anukUla sarvadoSamukta AhAra AcArya ko denA, (2) tikta kaTuka amla Adi rasoM se rahita acitta jala AcArya ko denA, (3) prAcArya ke manonukUla tanonukUla evaM janonukUla vastrAdi unheM denA evaM malina ho jAne para unake upakaraNa yathAsamaya prakSAlana kara zuddha krnaa| (4) gambhIra, mRdu, kSamAdi guNoM se sampanna, aneka saMyamaguNoM ko khAna, zrutavAn, kRtajJa, dAtA, uccakulotpanna, upadravoM se rahita, zAMtamUrti, bahuzruta, tapasvI ityAdi guNoM meM se ve jina guNoM se yukta hoM, una vidyamAna guNoM se unakI prazaMsA krnaa| (5) hAtha, pAMva, mukha, nayana kA prakSAlana kara zuddha rkhnaa| bhASyagAthA 238 se 246 taka dRSTAnta dekara yaha spaSTa kiyA hai ki yadi AcArya dRr3ha deha vAlA ho, svAbhAvika hI nirmala deha vAlA ho, tejasvI evaM yazasvI ho to uparyukta atizaya ke AcaraNoM kA sevana unheM nahIM karanA caahie|
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________________ 378] [vyavahArasUtra anya sAdhuoM ko sAmAnya AhAra Adi se jIvana nirvAha karanA cAhie, kintu rogAdi kAraNoM se sAmAnya bhikSu bhI ukta prAcaraNoM ko svIkAra kara sakatA hai| sUtrokta pAMca atizayoM kA tAtparya yaha hai:--- (1) AcArya Adi upAzraya ke bhItara bhI pAMva kA pramArjana kara zuddhi kara sakate haiN| (2) grAmAdi ke bAhara zuddha yogya sthaMDila ke hote hue bhI ve upAzraya se saMlagna sthaMDila meM malatyAga kara sakate haiN| (3) gocarI Adi aneka sAmUhika kArya yA vastraprakSAlana Adi sevA ke kArya ve icchA ho to kara sakate haiM anyathA zakti hote hue bhI anya se karavA sakate haiM / (4-5) vidyA mantra Adi ke punarAvartana hetu athavA anya kinhIM kAraNoM se ve upAzraya ke kisI ekAnta bhAga meM athavA upAzraya se bAhara akele eka yA do dina raha sakate haiN| ina vidyA mantroM kA upayoga gRhastha hetu karane kA Agama meM niSedha hai tathApi sAdhu sAdhvI ke lie ve kabhI inakA upayoga kara sakate haiN| ina atizayoM kA phalitArtha yaha hai ki sAmAnya bhikSu uparyukta viSayoM meM isa prakAra AcaraNa kare (1) upAzraya meM praveza karate samaya pAMvoM kA pramArjana yadi Avazyaka ho to upAzraya ke bAhara hI kara le| (2) yogya sthaMDila upalabdha ho aura zArIrika anukUlatA ho to upAzraya meM malatyAga na kare / (3) guru-prAjJA hone para yA binA kahe bhI unheM sadA sevA ke kAryoM ko karane meM prayatnazIla rahanA caahiye| zeSa samaya meM hI svAdhyAya Adi karanA cAhiye / (4-5) ratnAdhika guru ke samIpa yA unake dRSTigata sthAna meM hI sadA zayana-prAsana karanA cAhie / kintu gItArtha-bahuzruta bhikSu anukUlatA-anusAra evaM AjJAnusAra AcaraNa kara sakatA hai / bhASya meM ina viSayoM para vistRta vivecana karate hue aneka guNa-doSoM evaM hAni-lAbha kA kathana kiyA hai / jijJAsu pAThaka vahAM dekheN| sUtra meM prAcArya-upAdhyAya donoM ke pAMca-pAMca atizaya kahe haiM aura gaNAvacchedaka ke antima do atizaya dvitIya sUtra meM alaga se kahe gaye haiM / isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki prathama tIna atizaya gaNAvacchedaka ke lie Avazyaka nahIM hote haiM, kyoMki gaNAvacchedaka-pada Rddhisampanna pada na hokara kAryavAhaka pada hai| ataH unake liye antima do atizaya hI paryApta haiM / vizeSa paristhiti meM to koI bhI sAdhu yA gaNAvacchedaka ukta sabhI atizayoM kI pravRttiyoM kA AcaraNa kara sakate haiN| sAmAnyatayA prAcArya-upAdhyAya ko akele rahane kA niSedha udde. 4 meM kiyA gayA hai| yahAM atizaya kI apekSA vidhAna hai|
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________________ chaTThA uddezaka [379 agItArthoM ke rahane kA vidhi-niSedha aura prAyazcitta 4. se gAmaMsi vA jAva rAyahANisi vA (sannivesaMsi vA) egavagaDAe egaduvArAe eganikkhamaNa-pavesAe (uvassae) no kappai bahUNaM agaDasuyANaM egayao vatthae / asthi yAI kei AyArapakappadhare, nasthi NaM kei chae vA parihAre vaa| nasthi yAI NaM kei pAyArapakappadhare se saMtarA chee vA parihAre vaa| 5. se gAmaMsi vA jAva rAyahANisi vA (sagnivesaMsi vA) abhinivvagaDAe abhiniduvArAe abhinivakhamaNa-pavesAe (uvassae) no kappai bahUNaM agaDasuyANaM egayano vtthe|| asthi yAI NaM kei AyArapakappadhare, je tattiyaM raNi saMvasai, natthi NaM kei chae vA parihAre vaa| __ natyi yAI NaM keiAyArapakappadhare je tattiyaM raNi saMvasai, sabvesi tesi tappattiyaM chae vA parihAre vaa| 4. grAma yAvat rAjadhAnI meM (sanniveza meM) eka prAkAra vAle, eka dvAra vAle aura eka niSkramaNa-praveza vAle upAzraya meM aneka akRtazruta (alpajJa) bhikSutroM ko eka sAtha rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| yadi unameM koI prAcAraprakalpadhara ho to ve dIkSAcheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta ke pAtra nahIM hote haiN| yadi unameM koI prAcAraprakalpadhara na ho to ve maryAdA-ullaMghana ke kAraNa dIkSAr3heda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcitta ke pAtra hote haiM / 5. grAma yAvat rAjadhAnI (sanniveza) meM aneka prAkAra vAle, aneka dvAra vAle aura aneka niSkramaNa-praveza vAle upAzraya meM aneka akRtazruta (alpajJa) bhikSuoM ko eka sAtha rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| yadi koI AcAraprakalpadhara tIsare dina unake sAtha rahe to ve dIkSAcheda yA tapa rUpa prAyazcittake pAtra nahIM hote haiN| yadi koI prAcAra prakalpadhara tIsare dina bhI vahAM nahIM rahatA ho to una sabhI ko usa maryAdAullaMghana kA tapa yA cheda prAyazcitta pAtA hai| vivecana-ina sUtroM meM prAcArAMga evaM nizIthasUtra arthasahita kaNThastha dhAraNa nahIM karane vAle abahuzruta bhikSutroM ko "agaDasuya"-prakRtazruta-kahA gayA hai / arthAt pramukha banakara vicaraNa karane kI yogyatAprApti ke lie (Avazyaka, uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAlika, AcArAMga aura nizIthasUtra) kA adhyayana evaM kaNThastha dhAraNa nahIM karane vAlA bhikSu prAgamika zabdoM meM "agaDasuya' kahA gayA hai| .. aise eka yA aneka bhikSuoM ke vicaraNa karane kA niSedha uddezaka tIna ke prathama sUtra meM kiyA
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________________ 380] [vyavahArasUtra gayA hai| prastuta sUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki kisI grAmAdi meM aise akRtasUtrI bhikSuoM ko chor3akara bahuzruta bhikSu vihAra kara jAya to ve agItArtha bhikSu vahAM raha bhI nahIM sakate / isI viSaya ko upAzraya kI avasthiti ke vikalpoM se sUtra meM spaSTa kiyA gayA hai___ yadi upAzraya meM nikalane kA tathA usameM praveza karane kA mArga eka hI ho to vahAM 'agaDasuyo' (agItArtha) ko eka dina bhI rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai / yadi usa upAzraya meM jAne-mAne ke aneka mArga hoM to agItArthoM ko eka yA do dina rahanA kalpatA hai| tIsare dina rahane para unheM prAyazcitta AtA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki pratyeka yogya bhikSu ko yathAsamaya bahuzruta hone yogya zruta kA adhyayana kara evaM unheM kaNThastha dhAraNa kara pUrNa yogyatAsampanna ho jAnA cAhie, jisase yathAvasara vicaraNa evaM gaNadhAraNa Adi kiye jA skeN| kyoMki ina sUtroM meM aneka abahuzrutoM ke sAtha meM rahane evaM vicaraNa karane kA spaSTataH niSedha kiyA gayA hai aura sAtha hI isa maryAdA kA bhaMga karane vAloM ko prAyazcitta kA pAtra kahA gayA hai| ataH pratyeka navadIkSita yogya bhikSu kA evaM unake gaNapramukha prAcArya-upAdhyAya Adi kA yaha Avazyaka kartavya hai ki ve anya ruciyoM evaM pravRttiyoM ko pramukhatA na dekara Agamokta adhyayana-adhyApana ko pramukhatA deM evaM saMyamavidhiyoM meM pUrNa kuzala banane va banAne kA dhyAna rkheN| prAcArakuzala evaM zrutasaMpanna bane binA kisI bhI bhikSu ko alaga vicarane meM yA anya kAryoM meM pravRtta nahIM honA caahie| adhyayana sambandhI prAgamasammata aneka prakAra kI jAnakArI nizItha udde. 19 tathA vyava. udde. 3 evaM udde. 5 ke vivecana meM dI gaI hai| usakA dhyAnapUrvaka adhyayana manana kara AgamAnusAra zruta-adhyayana karane evaM karavAne kA pramukha lakSya banAnA caahie| aisA karane para hI jinAjJA kA yathokta pAlana ho sakatA hai tathA sAdhaka AtmAoM kA evaM jinazAsana kA sarvatomukhI vikAsa ho sakatA hai| akele bhikSu ke rahane kA vidhi-niSedha 6. se gAmaMsi vA jAva rAyahANisi vA (sannivesaMsi vA) abhinivvagaDAe abhinidubArAe abhinikkhamaNa-pavesaNAe (uvassae) no kappai bahusuyassa banbhAgamassa egANiyassa bhikkhassa vatthae, kimaMga puNa appasuyassa appAgamassa ? 7. se gAmaMsi vA jAva rAyahANisi vA (sagnivesaMsi vA) egavagaDAe, egaduvArAe, eganikkhamaNa-pavesAe (uvassae) kappai bahusuyassa babbhAgamassa egANiyassa bhikkhussa batthae, ubhayo kAlaM bhikkhubhAvaM paDijAgaramANassa ! 6. grAma yAvat rAjadhAnI (sanniveza) meM aneka vagaDA vAle, aneka dvAra vAle aura aneka niSkramaNa-praveza vAle upAzraya meM akele bahuzruta aura bahuaAgamajJa bhikSu ko bhI rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai, alpazruta aura alpAgamajJa akele bhikSu ko vasanA kaise kalpa sakatA hai ? arthAt nahIM kalpatA hai /
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________________ chaTThA uddezaka] [381 7. grAma yAvat rAjadhAnI (sanniveza) meM eka vagaDA vAle, eka dvAra vAle, eka niSkramaNapraveza vAle upAzraya meM akele bahuzruta aura bahuAgamajJa bhikSu ko donoM samaya saMyamabhAva kI jAgRti rakhate hue rahanA kalpatA hai| vivecana-pUrva sUtradvika meM akRtasUtrI-agItArtha bhikSuoM ke nivAsa se sambandhita kathana kiyA gayA hai aura prastuta sUtradvika meM bahazruta-gItArtha akele bhikSa ko grAmAdi meM kisa prakAra ke upAzraya meM kisa prakAra se rahanA yA nahIM rahanA, yaha vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| bhASya meM agItArtha se sambandhita sUtroM kA aura ina ekAkI bhikSuoM se sambandhita sUtroM kA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue inheM gaccha kI nizrAgata honA kahA hai aura "egavagaDA" Adi vizeSaNoM ko upAzrayoM se sambandhita karake vistRta vivecana kiyA hai| kintu upalabdha pratiyoM meM 'uvassaya' zabda lipidoSa se chUTa gayA hai, aisA pratIta hotA hai / isIlie yahAM 'uvassaya' zabda ko rakhate hue artha evaM vivecana kiyA hai| prastuta sUtradvika se yaha phalita hotA hai ki 1. bahuzruta ekAkI vicaraNa karane vAle bhikSu ko aneka dvAra evaM aneka mArga vAle upAzraya meM nivAsa nahIM karanA cAhie / 2. kintu eka dvAra, eka mArga vAle upAzraya meM bahuzruta bhikSu raha sakatA hai| 3. ekalavihArI bhikSu ko ubhayakAla (sote aura uThate samaya athavA dina meM aura rAtri meM) vairAgya evaM saMyamaguNoM ko puSTa karane vAlI dharma-jAgaraNA se dharma-bhAvanA kI vRddhi karate hue rahanA caahie| 4. alpazruta alpa-prAgamajJa-agItArtha bhikSu ko kisI bhI prakAra ke upAzraya meM akelA nahIM rahanA caahie| gItArtha bahazrata bhikSa ko akelA rahanA to isa satra se yA anya bhAgama-vidhAnoM se spaSTa siddha ho jAtA hai, tathApi kisa upAzraya meM nivAsa karanA yA na karanA athavA kisa taraha jAgarUka rahanA, yaha vidhAna karanA ina sUtroM kA prAzaya hai / vibhinna prakAra ke upAzrayoM meM gItArtha bhikSu ke akele rahane para athavA aneka agItArthoM ke rahane para kina-kina doSoM kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai, yaha samajhane ke lie jijJAsuoM ko bhASya kA avalokana karanA caahiye| usI prAzaya kA kucha spaSTIkaraNa Age ke sUtroM meM svayaM prAgamakAra ne kiyA hai| vyava. bhASya meM isa uddezaka kA sAra gujarAtI bhASA meM diyA hai, usameM bhI ina cAroM sUtroM kA artha upAzraya se saMbaMdhita kiyA hai| grAmAdi se saMbaMdhita artha karanA saMgata bhI nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki pratimAdhArI jinakalpI Adi ekalavihAra sAdhanA karane vAloM ke tathA paristhitika ekalavihAra karane vAloM ke vicaraNa meM aise vidhAna kA pAlana honA bhI azakya hotA hai| ataH bhASyakArakRta artha vivecana ko prAmANika mAnakara upAzraya se saMbaMdhita artha karanA hI ucita hai evaM Agamasammata hai|
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________________ 382] [vyavahArasUtra zukra-pudgala nikAlane kA prAyazcittasUtra 8. jattha ee bahave itthIo ya purisA ya paNhAveMti, tattha se samaNe niggaMthe annayaraMsi acittaMsi soyaMsi sukkapoggale nigghAemANe hatthakammapaDisevaNapatte Avajjai mAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM aNugghAiyaM / 9. jattha ee bahave itthIo ya purisA ya paNhAveMti tattha se samaNe NiggaMthe annayaraMsi acittaMsi soyaMsi sukkapoggale nigdhAemANe mehuNapaDisevaNapatte Avajjai cAummAsiyaM parihAraTThANaM annugghaaiyN| 8. jahAM para ye aneka strI-puruSa maithunasevana karate haiM, vahAM jo zramaNa nirgrantha hastakarma ke saMkalpa se kisI pracitta srota meM zukrapudgala nikAle to use anudghAtika mAsika prAyazcitta prAtA hai| 9. jahAM para ye aneka strI-puruSa maithunasevana karate haiM, vahAM jo zramaNa nirgrantha maithanasevana ke saMkalpa se kisI acitta srota meM zukra-pudgala nikAle to use cAturmAsika anudghAtika prAyazcitta prAtA hai| vivecana-ekAkI bhikSu ke rahane ke sthAnasaMbaMdhI evaM kalpasaMbaMdhI vidhi-niSedha ke anaMtara ina sUtroM meM brahmacarya mahAvrata ke bhaMga karane kI sthiti kA do prakAroM se kathana kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra kI dUSita pravRtti kI saMbhAvanA ekAMta sthAna meM hI adhika saMbhava rahatI hai / yadi aneka agItArtha bhikSu gItArtha kI nizrA binA rahate hoM to gItArtha kA saMrakSaNa na hone se unameM bhI aisI dUSita pravRtti kA honA saMbhava hai tathA gItArtha bhikSu bhI yadi akelA rahe to ekAMta sthAna meM sUtrokta dUSita pravRtti kI adhika saMbhAvanA rahatI hai| isalie agItArtha vihAra aura ekAkI vihAra saMbaMdhI sUtra ke anaMtara hI yaha prAyazcitta vidhAyaka sUtra kahA gayA hai / dazavakAlikasUtra cUlikA 2 gA. 10 meM bhI paristhitivaza ekalavihAra kA vidhAna prathamadvitIya caraNa meM karane ke sAtha hI zAstrakAra ne tRtIya-caturtha caraNa meM pApoM ke parityAga karane kI aura kAmabhogoM meM Asakta na hote hue vicaraNa karane kI zikSA dI hai / ata: sAmAnya taruNa sAdhakoM ko aura vizeSakara ekAkI bhikSutroM ko isa viSaya meM vizeSa sAvadhAna rahanA cAhie / arthAt AgamasvAdhyAya Adi ke dvArA saMyama bhAvoM kI atyadhika puSTi karate hue rahanA caahie| gacchasthita sAdhUtroM ke ukta pravRtti karane meM gaccha kI yA gacchasthita sAdhuoM kI lajjA Adi ke kAraNa bhI kucha surakSA ho jAto hai, kintu ekAko bhikSu ke liye ukta sUtragata dUSita pravRtti ke karane meM pUrNa svataMtratA rahatI hai / donoM sUtroM meM kahI gaI pravRtti ko karane meM bhikSu ko kisI vyakti yA strI kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI hai, kyoMki donoM sUtroM meM acitta srota (sthAna) kA kathana hai| vaha acitta sthAna koI bhI ho sakatA hai, kintu vicAroM kI pariNati evaM pravRtti meM hastakarma aura maithunakarma ke doSa ko bhinnatA hone se usakA prAyazcitta alaga-alaga kahA gayA hai|
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________________ chaTThA uddezaka] [383 ukta dUSita pravRtti ke saMkalpoM se bacane ke lie bhikSu ko nimna sAvadhAniyAM bhI rakhanI cAhie (1) dUdha-dahI, ghRta, miSTAnna, mAvA Adi pauSTika padArthoM kA sevana nahIM karanA evaM bAdAma pistA prAdi meve ke padArthoM kA bhI tyAga krnaa| kabhI atyAvazyaka ho to ina padArthoM ko alpamAtrA meM lenA aura unakA aneka dinoM taka niraMtara sevana nahIM krnaa| (2) eka mahIne meM kama se kama cAra dina AyaMbila yA upavAsAdi tapasyA avazya karanA / (3) sadA UnodarI karanA arthAt kisI bhI samaya paripUrNa bhojana nahIM krnaa| (4) zAma ke samaya AhAra nahIM karanA yA atyalpa krnaa| (5) svAsthya anukUla ho to eka bAra se adhika prAhAra nahIM karanA athavA do bAra se adhika nahIM krnaa| (6) eka bAra ke AhAra meM bhI dravyoM kI alpatama maryAdA krnaa| (7) AhAra meM mirca-masAloM kI mAtrA atyalpa lenA, acAra, athANA Adi kA sevana nahIM krnaa| (8) tale hue khAdya padArthoM kA sevana nahIM karanA / (9) cUrNa yA khaTTe padArthoM kA sevana nahIM karanA / (10) rAsAyanika auSadhiyoM yA USmAvardhaka auSadhiyoM kA sevana nahIM krnaa| saMbhavataH anya auSadha kA sevana bhI nahIM karanA / (11) mahine meM kama se kama 10-15 dina porisI karanA evaM kama se kama 15 dina rUkSa pAhAra yA sAmAnya pAhAra karanA arthAt vigaya kA tyAga karanA / (12) khAdya aura peya padArtha atyaMta uSNa hoM to zItala karake khAnA yA pInA, cAya kAphI kA sevana nahIM krnaa| (13) striyoM kA nikaTa saMparka nahIM karanA evaM unake aMgopAMga aura rUpa ko dekhane kI ruci nahIM rkhnaa| (14) dina ko nahIM sonA / (15) bhojana ke bAda kamara jhukAkara nahIM baiThanA aura na hI sonA / (16) vihAra yA bhikSAcarI prAdi zrama avazya karanA athavA tapazcaryA yA khar3e rahane kI pravRtti rkhnaa| (17) uttarAdhyayanasUtra, prAcArAMgasUtra, sUyagaDAMgasUtra evaM dazavakAlikasUtra kA svAdhyAya, vAcanA, anuprekSA Adi karate rahanA / (18) niyamita bhaktAmarastrota yA prabhubhakti evaM prANAyAma avazya krnaa| (19) sote samaya aura uThate samaya kucha dera Atmacintana avazya karanA /
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________________ 384] [vyavahArasUtra (20) krodha ke prasaMga upasthita hone para mauna rakhanA, Avezayukta na bolane kA abhyAsa krnaa| (21) yathAsamaya svAdhyAya, dhyAna aura kAyotsarga avazya krnaa| praznavyAkaraNasUtra meM bhI isa viSaya meM nimna sUcanA kI gaI haibrahmacarya kA anupAlana karane vAle puruSa ko ina kAryoM kA tyAga karanA cAhie viSayarAga, sneharAga, dveSa aura moha kI vRddhi karane vAlA pramAda tathA pArzvastha-zithilAcArI sAdhanoM kA zIla-prAcAra, ghatAdi kI mAliza karanA, tela lagAkara snAna karanA, bAra-bAra bagala, zira, hAtha-paira aura muMha dhonA, mardana karanA, paira Adi dabAnA, pagacampI karanA, parimardana karanA, sAre zarIra ko malanA, vilepana karanA, sugandhita cUrNa-pAuDara se zarIra ko suvAsita karanA, agara Adi kA dhUpa denA, zarIra ko sajAnA, suzobhita banAnA, bAkuzika karma karanA, nakhoM, kezoM evaM vastroM ko saMvAranA, haMsI-majAka karanA, vikArayukta bhASaNa karanA, gIta, vAditra sunanA, naToM, natyakAroM, rasse para khela dikhalAne vAloM aura kuztIbAjoM kA tamAzA dekhanA tathA isI prakAra kI anya bAteM jinase tapazcaryA, saMyama evaM brahmacarya kA AMzika vinAza yA pUrNataH vinAza hotA hai, vaisI samasta pravRttiyoM kA brahmacArI puruSa ko sadaiva ke lie tyAga kara denA caahie| ina tyAjya vyavahAroM ke sAtha Age kahe jAne vAle vyApAroM se antarAtmA ko bhAvita karanA cAhiye, yathA-- snAna nahIM karanA, dantadhAvana nahIM karanA, jame hue yA isase bhinna maila ko dhAraNa karanA, maunavrata dhAraNa karanA, kezoM kA lucana, kSamA, indriyanigraha, acela (vastrarahita) honA athavA alpavastra dhAraNa karanA, bhUkha-pyAsa sahanA, alpa upadhi rakhanA, sardI-garmI sahanA, kASTha kI zayyA yA jamIna para prAsana karanA, bhikSAdi ke lie gRhastha ke ghara meM jAnA aura prApti yA aprApti ko samabhAva se sahanA, mAna-apamAna-nindA ko evaM daMzamazaka ke kleza ko sahana karanA, dravyAdi sambandhI abhigraha karanA, tapa tathA mUlaguNa Adi evaM vinaya pravRttiyoM se antaHkaraNa ko bhAvita karanA, jisase brahmacaryavrata atyanta dRDha ho| gacchagata aura ekAkI vihArI sabhI taruNa bhikSuoM ko ye sAvadhAniyAM rakhanA atyaMta hitakara haiM / ina sAvadhAniyoM se yukta jIvana vyatIta karane para prastuta sUtrokta dUSita sthiti ke utpanna hone kI prAyaH saMbhAvanA nahIM rahatI hai| sUtragata duSita pravRtti se bhikSu kA svAsthya evaM saMyama dUSita hotA hai evaM puNya kSINa hokara sarvathA du:khamaya jIvana bana jAtA hai / ataH sUcita sabhI sAvadhAniyoM ke sAtha zuddha brahmacarya kA pAlana karanA caahie| anya-gaNa se Aye hue ko gaNa meM sammilita karane kA niSedha 10. no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA niggathi aNNagaNAo AgayaM khuyAyAraM, sabalAyAraM, bhinnAyAraM, saMkiliTThAyAraM tassa ThANassa aNAloyAvettA apaDikkamAvettA, anidAvettA, agarahAvettA, aviuTTAvettA, avisohAvettA, akaraNAe aNabhuTThAvettA, ahArihaM pAyacchittaM
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________________ chaTThA uddezaka] [385 apaDivajjAvettA uvaTThAvettae vA, sabhujittae vA, saMvasittae vA tIse ittariyaM disaMvA aNudisaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vaa| 11. no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA niggaMthaM annagaNAo AgayaM khuyAyAraM jAva saMkiliTThAyAraM, tassa ThANassa aNAloyAvettA jAva ahArihaM pAyacchittaM apaDivajjAvettA uvaTThAvettae vA sabhujittae vA saMvasittae vA tassa ittariyaM disaM vA aNudisaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vaa| 10. khaNDita, zabala, bhinna aura saMkliSTa AcAra vAlI anya gaNa se AI huI nirgranthI ko sevita doSa kI AlocanA, pratikramaNa, nindA, gardA, vyutsarga evaM prAtma-zuddhi na karA leM aura bhaviSya meM punaH pApasthAna sevana na karane kI pratijJA karAke doSAnurUpa prAyazcitta svIkAra na karA leM taba taka nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko use punaH cAritra meM upasthApita karanA, usake sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra karanA aura sAtha meM rakhanA nahIM kalpatA hai tathA use alpakAla ke lie dizA yA anudizA kA nirdeza karanA yA dhAraNa karanA bhI nahIM kalpatA hai| 11. khaNDita yAvat saMkliSTa AcAra vAle anya gaNa se Aye hue nirgrantha ko sevita doSa kI AlocanA yAvat doSAnurUpa prAyazcitta svIkAra na karA leM taba taka nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko use punaH cAritra meM upasthApita karanA, usake sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra karanA aura sAtha meM rakhanA nahIM kalpatA hai tathA use alpakAla ke lie dizA yA anudizA kA nirdeza karanA yA dhAraNa karanA bhI nahIM kalpatA hai| vivecana brahmacaryabhaMga Adi ke kAraNa koI sAdhu-sAdhvI svataH gaccha chor3akara kisI ke pAsa Ave athavA gaccha vAloM ke dvArA gaccha se nikAla diye jAne para Ave to use rakhane kA vidhi-niSedha prastuta sUtroM meM kiyA gayA hai / kSata-prAcAra Adi zabdoM kA spaSTArtha tIsare uddezaka meM dekheN| sUtra meM duSita prAcAra vAle sAdhu-sAdhvI ko upasthApita karane kA kahA gayA hai, sAtha hI AlocanA, prAyazcitta ke dvArA usakI zuddhi karanA bhI Avazyaka kahA hai| isa prakAra zuddhi karake upasthApanA karane ke bAda hI usake sAtha AhAra sahanivAsa Adi kiye jA sakate haiM aura tabhI usake lie prAcArya, upAdhyAya yA guru kA nirdeza kiyA jA sakatA hai / sUtra meM prAcArya, upAdhyAya kA nirdeza karane ke lie yA unakI nizrA svIkAra karane ke liye "disaM vA aNudisaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vA" zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| una zabdoM meM kSatAcAra vAle bhikSu ko AcArya Adi pada dene-lene kA artha karanA ucita nahIM hai| kyoMki akSata-AcAra vAle bhikSu ko hI Agama meM prAcArya Adi padoM ke yogya kahA gayA hai| ataH dizA, anudizA kA uddeza karane kA tAtparya yaha samajhanA cAhie ki usa upasthApita sAdhu yA sAdhvI ke prAcArya, upAdhyAya yA pravartinI kauna haiM, yaha nirdeza karanA / bhASyakAra ne bhI yahI artha ina zabdoM kA kiyA hai /
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________________ 386] [vyavahArasUtra prastuta sUtradvaya ke sthAna para lipidoSa Adi kAraNoM se vibhinna pratiyoM ke mUla pAThoM meM bhinnatA ho gaI hai| kahIM para sAdhvI ke do sUtra haiM, kahIM para sAdhu-sAdhvI ke cAra sUtra haiN| kintu bhASyavyAkhyA ke AdhAra se prathama sAdhvI kA aura dvitIya sAdhu kA sUtra rakhA gayA hai| chaThe uddezaka kA sArAMza sUtra 1 jJAtijanoM ke gharoM meM jAne ke liye prAcAryAdi kI viziSTa prAjJA prApta karanI caahie| agItArtha yA abahuzru ta bhikSu ko akele nahIM jAnA cAhie, gItArtha bhikSu ke sAtha meM hI jAnA caahie| vahAM ghara meM pahuMcane ke pUrva banI huI vastu hI lenI cAhie, kintu bAda meM niSpanna huI vastu nahIM lenI caahie| AcArya-upAdhyAya ke AcAra sambandhI pAMca atizaya (vizeSatAeM) hote haiM aura gaNAvacchedaka ke do atizaya hote haiN| akRtasUtra (agItArtha) aneka sAdhuoM ko kahIM nivAsa karanA bhI nahIM kalpatA hai, kintu paristhitivaza upAzraya meM eka-do rAta raha sakate haiM, adhika rahane para ve sabhI prAyazcitta ke pAtra hote haiN| aneka vagar3a, dvAra yA mArga vAle upAzraya meM ekAkI bhikSu ko nahIM rahanA cAhie aura eka vagar3a, dvAra yA mArga vAle upAzraya meM bhI ubhayakAla dharmajAgaraNA karate hue rahanA caahie| strI ke sAtha maithunasevana na karate hue bhI hastakarma ke pariNAmoM se aura kuzIlasevana ke pariNAmoM se zukrapudgaloM ke nikAlane para bhikSu ko kramaza : gurumAsika yA gurucaumAsI prAyazcitta pAtA hai / 10-11 anya gaccha se Aye hue kSata-pAcAra vAle sAdhu-sAdhvI ko pUrNa pAlocanA, prAya zcitta karAne ke sAtha upasthApita kiyA jA sakatA hai, usake sAtha AhAra yA nivAsa kiyA jA sakatA hai aura usake prAcArya, upAdhyAya, guru Adi kI nizrA nizcitta kI jA sakatI hai| upasaMhAra isa uddezaka meMsUtra 1 jJAtakula meM praveza karane kA, prAcAryAdi ke atizayoM kA, 4-5 gItArtha agItArtha bhikSutroM ke nivAsa kA, ekala vihArI bhikSu ke nivAsa kA, 8-9 zukrapudgala niSkAsana ke prAyazcitta kA, 10-11 kSatAcAra vAle Ae hue sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko rakhane kA, ityAdi viSayoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| // chaTThA uddezaka samApta // 2-3
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________________ sAtavAM uddezaka anya-gaNa se AI sAdhvI ke rakhane meM paraspara pacchA 1. je niggaMthA ya niggaMthIo ya saMbhoiyA siyA, no kappai niggaMthINaM niggaMthe aNApucchittA niggathi annagaNAo prAgayaM khuyAyAraM jAva saMkiliTThAyAraM tassa ThANassa aNAloyAvettA jAva ahArihaM pAyacchittaM apaDivajjAvettA pucchittae vA, vAettae thA, uvaTThAvettae vA, saMbhu jittae thA, saMvasittae vA, tIse ittariyaM disaM vA, aNudisaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vaa| 2. kappai niggaMthANaM niggaMthIo ApucchittA vA, praNApucchittA vA, niggaMthIM annagaNAo prAgayaM khuyAyAraM jAva saMkiliDhAyAraM tassa ThANassa AloyAvettA jAva pAyacchittaM paDivajjAvettA pucchittae vA, vAettae vA, uvaTThAvettae vA, saMbhu jittae vA, saMvasittae vA, tIse ittariyaM disaM vA, aNudisaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vA taM ca niggaMthIo no icchejjA, sayameva niyaM ThANe / 1. jo nirgrantha-nirganthiyAM sAmbhogika haiM aura yadi kisI nimrantha ke samIpa koI anya gaNa se khaNDita yAvat saMkliSTa prAcAra vAlI nirgranthI pAe to nirgrantha ko pUche binA aura usake pUrvasevita doSa kI AlocanA yAvat doSAnurUpa prAyazcitta svIkAra karAye binA usase prazna pUchanA, use vAcanA denA, cAritra meM punaH upasthApita karanA, usake sAtha baiThakara bhojana karanA aura sAtha meM rakhanA nahIM kalpatA hai tathA use alpakAla ke lie dizA yA anudizA kA nirdeza karanA yA dhAraNa karanA bhI nahIM kalpatA hai| 2. nirgrantha ke samIpa yadi koI anya gaNa se khaNDita yAvat saMkliSTa AcAra vAlI nirgranthI Ae to nirgranthiyoM ko pUchakara yA binA pUche bhI sevita doSa kI AlocanA yAvat doSAnurUpa prAyazcitta svIkAra karAke usase prazna pUchanA, use vAcanA denA, cAritra meM punaH upasthApita karanA, usake sAtha baiThakara bhojana karane kI aura sAtha rakhane kI AjJA denA kalpatA hai tathA use alpakAla kI dizA yA anudizA kA nirdeza karanA yA dhAraNa karanA kalpatA hai, kintu yadi nirgranthiyAM use na rakhanA cAheM to use cAhie ki vaha punaH apane gaNa meM calI jAe / vivecana-pUrva uddezaka meM khaNDita prAcAra vAle nirgrantha-nirgranthI ke anya gaNa se Ane para usake AlocanA prAyazcitta karane kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai aura prastuta sUtradvaya meM kevala sAdhvI ke Ane para sAmbhogika zramaNa yA zramaNI ko pUchane sambandhI vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| yadi nirgranthI ke pAsa aisI sAdhvI Ave to vaha apane sAmbhogika sAdhuoM ko arthAt prAcAryaupAdhyAya Adi ko pUchakara, unakI AjJA hone para hI usa sAdhvI ko rakha sakatI hai, use vAcanA denA-lenA kara sakatI hai, upasthApita kara sakatI hai athavA usake sAtha AhAra yA sAtha meM baiThanA Adi vyavahAra kara sakatI hai| kintu pUche binA, salAha lie binA aisI sAdhvI ke sAtha ukta kArya karanA
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________________ 388] [vyavahArasUtra yA nirNAyaka uttara denA nahIM kalpatA hai| prAcArya Adi yadi anyatra hoM to unakI AjJA prApta hone taka pratIkSA karanI caahie| ___ yadi nimrantha ke pAsa arthAt prAcAryAdi ke pAsa aisI sAdhvI Ae to ve usake liye sAdhviyoM ko arthAt pravartinI ko pUchakara nirNaya le sakate haiM athavA kabhI binA pUche bhI nirNaya kara usa sAdhvI ko pratinI ke supurda kara sakate haiM aura usa sAdhvI ke itvarika prAcArya, upAdhyAya yA pravartinI kA nirdeza bhI kara sakate haiN| usake bAda viSama prakRti Adi kisI bhI kAraNa se pratinI use na rakha sake to use mukta kara denA cAhie, jisase vaha svataH apane pUrvasthAna meM calI jAve / nirgranthI ke lie prAcArya Adi ko pUchanA Avazyaka isalie hai ki ve usake chala-prapaMcoM ko yA Ane vAle vighnoM ko jAna sakate haiM aura usa sAdhvI ke lakSaNoM se usake bhaviSya ko bhI jAna sakate haiN| prAcAryAdi ke dvArA rakhI gaI sAdhvI ko yadi pratinI nahIM rakhatI ho to usakA kAraNa yaha ho sakatA hai ki pUrva pravartinI ke sAtha unakI mitratA ho yA zatrutA ho athavA usa sAdhvI se kisI aniSTa kA bhaya ho, ityAdi aneka kAraNa bhASya meM vistAra se batAye gaye haiN| sAmAnyatayA to pravatinI Adi kI salAha lekara hI sAdhvI ko rakhanA caahie| sambandhaviccheda karane sambandhI vidhi-niSedha 3. je niggaMthA ya niggaMthIyo ya saMbhoiyA siyA, no NaM kappai niggaMthANaM pArokkhaM pADiekkaM saMbhoiyaM visaMbhogaM karettae / kappai NaM paccakkhaM pADiekkaM saMbhoiyaM visaMbhogaM krette| ___ jattheva aNNamaNNaM pAsejjA tattheva evaM vaejjA-~-"ahaM NaM ajjo ! tumae saddhi imaMmi kAraNammi paccakkhaM pADiekkaM saMbhoiyaM visaMbhogaM karemi / " se ya paDitappejjA, evaM se no kappai paccakkhaM pADiekkaM saMbhoiyaM visabhogaM karettae / se ya no paDitappejjA, evaM se kappai paccakkhaM pADiekkaM saMbhoiyaM visaMbhogaM karettae / 4. je niggaMthA ya niggaMthIo ya saMbhoiyA siyA, no NaM kappai niggaMthINaM paccakkhaM pADiekkaM saMbhoiyaM visaMbhogaM karettae / kappai NaM pArokkhaM pADiekkaM saMbhoiyaM visaMbhogaM krette| jattheva tAo appaNo Ayariya-uvajjhAe pAsejjA tattheva evaM vaejjA--"ahaM NaM bhaMte ! pramugIe ajjAe saddhi imammi kAraNammi pArokkhaM pADiekkaM saMbhoiyaM visaMbhogaM karemi / " sAya paDitappejjA, evaM se no kappai pArokkhaM pADiekkaM saMbhoiyaM visaMbhogaM karettae / sAya no paDitappejjA evaM se kappai pArokkhaM pADiekkaM saMbhoiyaM visaMbhogaM karettae / 3. jo nirgrantha-nirgranthiyAM sAMbhogika haiM, unameM nirgrantha ko parokSa meM sAmbhogika vyavahAra banda karake visambhogI karanA nahIM kalpatA hai, kintu pratyakSa meM sAmbhogika vyavahAra banda karake use visambhogI karanA kalpatA hai /
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________________ sAtavAM uddezaka] [389 jaba eka dUsare se mileM taba isa prakAra kahe ki-'he prArya ! maiM amuka kAraNa se tumhAre sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra banda karake tumheM visambhogI karatA huuN|" isa prakAra kahane para vaha yadi pazcAttApa kare to pratyakSa meM bhI usake sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra banda karake use visambhogI karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / yadi vaha pazcAttApa na kare to pratyakSa meM usake sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra banda karake use visambhogI karanA kalpatA hai / 4. jo nirgrantha nirgranthiyAM sAmbhogika haiM, unameM nimranthI ko pratyakSa meM sAmbhogika vyavahAra banda karake visambhogI karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / kintu parokSa meM sAmbhogika vyavahAra banda karake use visaMbhogI karanA kalpatA hai / jaba ve apane prAcArya yA upAdhyAya kI sevA meM pahuMce taba unheM isa prakAra kahe ki---"he bhaMte! maiM amuka AryA ke sAtha amuka kAraNa se parokSa rUpa meM sAmbhogika vyavahAra banda karake use visambhogI karanA cAhatI huuN|" taba vaha nirgranthI yadi (AcArya-upAdhyAya ke samIpa apane sevitadoSa kA) pazcAttApa kare to usake sAtha parokSa meM bhI sAmbhogika vyavahAra banda karanA va use visambhogI karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| yadi vaha pazcAttApa na kare to parokSa meM usake sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra banda karake use visambhogI karanA kalpatA hai| vivecana-ina do sUtroM meM sAmbhogika vyavahAra ke viccheda karane kI vidhi batAI gaI hai| bhikSu ko yadi bhikSu ke sAtha vyavahAra banda karanA ho to usake samakSa doSoM kA spaSTa kathana karate hue ve vyavahAra banda karane ko kaha sakate haiN| sUtra meM prayukta "bhikSu" zabda se yahAM "prAcArya" samajhanA caahie| kyoMki prAcArya hI gaccha ke anuzAstA hote haiN| unheM jAnakArI die binA kisI bhI sAdhu ko anya sAdhu ke sAtha vyavahAra banda karanA ucita nahIM hai| sAdhviyoM ko sAdhu ke samakSa arthAt prAcAryAdi ke samakSa nivedana karanA Avazyaka hotA hai, kintu prAcAryAdi sAdhu-sAdhviyoM kI salAha liye binA hI kisI bhI sAdhu-sAdhvI ko asAmbhogika kara sakate haiN| bhikSu visaMbhoga kie jAne vAle sAdhuoM ke samakSa prAcAryAdi ko kaheM aura sAdhviyAM visaMbhoga kI jAne vAlI sAdhviyoM kI anupasthiti meM prAcAryAdi se kaheM / taba ve unase pUcha-tAcha kareM, yaha donoM sUtroM meM Aye pratyakSa aura parokSa-visaMbhoga kA tAtparya hai| isa prakAra nivedana ke pazcAt sadoSa sAdhu yA sAdhvI. apane doSoM kA pazcAttApa karake saralatA evaM laghutA dhAraNa kara le to use prAyazcitta dekara usake sAtha saMbaMdha kAyama rakhA jA sakatA hai / pazcAttApa na karane para saMbaMdhaviccheda kara diyA jAtA hai| ThANAMgasUtra a. 3 tathA a. 9 meM saMbhogaviccheda karane ke kAraNa kahe gaye haiM aura bhASya meM bhI aise aneka kAraNa kahe haiN| unakA sArAMza yaha hai ki 1. mahAvrata, samiti, gupti evaM samAcArI meM upekSApUrvaka cauthI
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________________ 390] [vyavahArasUtra bAra doSa lagAne para, 2. pAvasthAdi ke sAtha bArambAra saMsarga karane para tathA 3. guru grAdi ke prati virodhabhAva rakhane para usa sAdhu-sAdhvI ke sAtha saMbaMdhaviccheda kara diyA jAtA hai| pravajita karane Adi ke vidhi-niSedha 5. no kappaDa niggaMthANaM nimagaMthI appaNo aTTAe pavAvettae vA, muMDAvettae vA, sehAvettae vA, uvaTThAvettae vA, saMvasittae vA, saMbhu jittae vA, tose ittariyaM disaM vA, aNuvisaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vaa| 6. kappai niggaMthANaM niggaMthi annesi aTTAe pavAvettae vA jAva saMbhujittae vA, tIse ittariyaM disaM vA, aNudisaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae baa| 7. no kappai niggaMthINaM niggaMthaM appaNo aDhAe pavAvettae vA jAva saMbhujittae vA, tIse ittariyaM disaMvA aNuvisaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vaa| 8. kappai niggaMthINaM niggathaM aNNesi aTTAe pabyAvettae vA jAva saMbha jittae vA, tose ittariyaM disaM vA aNudisaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vaa| 5. nirgranthI ko apanI ziSyA banAne ke lie prajita karanA, muDita karanA, zikSita karanA, cAritra meM punaH upasthApita karanA, usake sAtha rahanA aura sAtha baiThakara bhojana karane ke lie nirdeza karanA nigrantha ko nahIM kalpatA hai tathA alpakAla ke lie usake dizA yA anudizA kA nirdeza karanA evaM use dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 6. anya kI ziSyA banAne ke lie kisI nirgranthI ko pravrajita karanA yAvat sAtha baiThakara bhojana karane ke lie nirdeza karanA nirgrantha ko kalpatA hai tathA alpakAla ke lie usakI dizA yA anudizA kA nirdeza karanA evaM use dhAraNa karanA kalpatA hai| 7. nirgrantha ko apanA ziSya banAne ke lie pravajita karanA yAvat sAtha baiThakara bhojana karane ke lie nirdeza karanA nirgranthI ko nahIM kalpatA hai tathA alpakAla ke lie usakI dizA yA anudizA kA nirdeza karanA evaM use dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 8. nirgrantha ko anya kA ziSya banAne ke lie pravrajita karanA, sAtha baiThakara bhojana karane ke lie nirdeza karanA nirgranthI ko kalpatA hai tathA alpakAla ke lie usakI dizA yA anudizA kA nirdeza karanA evaM use dhAraNa karane ke lie anujJA denA kalpatA hai| vivecana--sAmAnyatayA sAdhu kI dIkSA prAcArya, upAdhyAya ke dvArA evaM sAdhvI kI dIkSA prAcArya, upAdhyAya yA pravartinI ke dvArA dI jAtI hai| tathApi kabhI koI gItArtha sAdhu kisI bhI sAdhu yA sAdhvI ko dIkSita kara sakatA hai / usI
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________________ sAtavAM uddezaka] [391 prakAra koI bhI gItArtha sAdhvI kisI bhI sAdhu yA sAdhvI ko dIkSita kara sakatI hai| kintu unheM prAcArya kI prAjJA lenA Avazyaka hotA hai / kisI bhI sAdhu ko dIkSita karanA ho to prAcArya, upAdhyAya ke lie dIkSita kiyA jA sakatA hai aura sAdhvI ko do kSita karanA ho to AcArya, upAdhyAya yA pravartinI ke lie dIkSita kiyA jA sakatA hai| kiMtu sAdhu apane lie sAdhvI ko aura sAdhvI apane liye sAdhu ko dIkSita nahIM kara sktii| ___ bhASya meM batAyA gayA hai ki isa prakAra se paraspara eka-dUsare ke lie dIkSita karane para janasAdhAraNa meM aneka prakAra ko AzaMkAeM utpanna ho sakatI haiM, jisase usa sAdhu-sAdhvI kI athavA jinazAsana kI hIlanA hotI hai| kaThina-zabdArtha "pavvAvettae" = dIkSita karanA / "muMDAvettae" = lucana krnaa| "sikkhAvettae" = grahaNa zikSA meM dazavakAlikasUtra par3hAnA, Asevana zikSA meM prAcAravidhi vastra-paridhAna Adi kAryoM kI vidhi batAnA / uvadAvettae = bar3I dIkSA denaa| saMbhu jittae = AhArAdi denaa| saMvAsittae-sAtha rakhanA / "ittariyaM-alpakAlIna / "disaM"= prAcArya "aNudisaM" = upAdhyAya aura pratinI / "uddisittae = nizrA kA nirdeza karanA / dhArittae = navadIkSita bhikSu ke dvArA apanI dizA anudizA kA dhAraNa karanA / darastha kSetra meM rahe hue guru Adi ke nirdeza kA vidhi-niSedha 9. no kappai niggaMthINaM viikiTThiyaM disaM vA aNuvisaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vA / 10. kappai niggaMthANaM viikiTThiyaM disaM vA aNudisaM vA uddisittae vA dhArettae vaa| 9. nirgranthiyoM ko dUrastha pratinI yA guruNI kA uddeza karanA yA dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 10. nirgrantha ko dUrastha prAcArya yA guru Adi kA uddeza karanA yA dhAraNa karanA kalpatA hai / vivecana-pUrvasUtra meM anya ke lie dIkSita karane kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai aura prastuta sUtra meM bhI usI viSaya kA kucha vizeSa vidhAna hai|
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________________ 392] [vyavahArasUtra kisI bhI sAdhvI ko kahIM para bhI dIkSita honA ho to usa kSetra se atyanta dUra rahI huI pravatinI kA nirdeza karake kisI ke pAsa dIkSita honA nahIM kalpatA hai, kyoMki vaha svayaM akelI jA nahIM sakatI, adhika dUra hone se koI pahu~cA nahIM skte| lambe samaya ke antargata usakA bhAva pariNamana ho jAya, usakI garuNI bImAra ho jAya yA kAla kara jAya ityAdi sthitiyoM meM aneka saMkalpa-vikalpa yA kleza, azAMti utpanna hone kI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai, ityAdi kAraNoM se atidUrastha guruNI prAdi kA nirdeza kara kisI ke pAsa dIkSita honA sAdhvI ke lie niSedha kiyA gayA hai| sAmAnya bhikSu ko bhI dUrastha AcArya Adi kI nizrA kA nirdeza kara kisI ke pAsa dIkSita honA nahIM kalpatA hai, aisA samajhanA caahie| kyoMki sAdhvI ke lie kahe gaye doSoM kI saMbhAvanA sAdhu ke lie bhI ho sakatI hai| phira bhI dvitIya sUtra meM jo chUTa dI gaI hai, usakA Azaya bhASya meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki yadi dIkSita hone vAlA bhikSu pUrNa svastha evaM jJAnI, saMvigna aura svayaM dharmopadezaka hai tathA usakA prAcArya bhI aisA hI saMvigna hai to dUrastha kSetra meM kisI ke pAsa dIkSita ho sakatA hai| aise bhikSu ke lie bhASya meM kahA hai ki micchattAdi dosA, je vuttA te u gacchato tassa / egAgissavi na bhave, iti dUragate vi uddisnnaa|| --bhA. gA.142 usa yogya guNasaMpanna bhikSu ke akele jAne para bhI pUrvokta mithyAtvAdi doSoM kI saMbhAvanA nahIM rahatI hai, ata: use dUrastha prAcArya, upAdhyAya kA nirdeza karake dIkSA dI jA sakatI hai / __yahAM 'disaM-aNudisaM' ke artha-bhrama ke kAraNa ina sUtroM kA vicaraNa se saMbaMdhita artha kiyA jAtA hai / use bhrAMtipUrNa artha samajhanA caahie| kalaha-upazamana ke vidhi-niSedha 11. no kappada niggaMthANaM vikiTThAI pAhuDAI viprosvette| 12. kappai niggaMthINaM viikiTThAI pAhuDAI viosvette| 11. nirgranthoM meM yadi paraspara kalaha ho jAe to unheM dUra kSetra meM rahe hue hI upazAnta honA yA kSamAyAcanA karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 12. nirgranthiyoM meM yadi paraspara kalaha ho jAe to unheM dUravartI kSetra meM rahate hue bhI upazAMta honA yA kSamAyAcanA karanA kalpatA hai / vivecana-sAdhu-sAdhvI ko kalaha hone ke bAda kSamAyAcanA kiye binA vihAra Adi karane kA niSedha bRhatkalpa u. 4 meM kiyA gayA hai / tathApi kabhI donoM meM se eka kI anupazAMti ke kAraNa koI vihAra karake dUra deza meM calA jAya aura bAda meM usa anupazAMta sAdhu-sAdhvI ke mana meM svata: yA kisI kI preraNA se kSamAyAcanA kA bhAva utpanna ho to sAdhvI ko kSamApaNA ke lie atidUra kSetra
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________________ sAtavAM uddezaka] [393 meM nahIM jAnA cAhie kiMtu anya kisI jAne vAle bhikSu ke sAtha kSamAyAcanA kA sandeza bheja denA cAhie, kintu bhikSu ko yathAsthAna jAkara hI kSamAyAcanA karanA cAhie / isa alaga-alaga vidhAna kA kAraNa pUrvasUtra meM kahe anusAra hI samajha lenA cAhie ki sAdhvo kA jAnA parAdhIna hai aura sAdhu kA akelA jAnA bhI saMbhava hai| yadi nikaTa kA kSetra ho to sAdhvI ko bhI anya sAdhviyoM ke sAtha vahIM jAkara kSamApaNA karanA cAhie / sUtrokta vidhAna pratidUrastha kSetra kI apekSA se hai| bhASya meM batAyA gayA hai ki bIca ke kSetroM meM yadi rAjAoM kA yuddha, durbhikSa Adi kAraNa utpanna ho gae hoM to bhikSu ko bhI atidUra kSetra meM rahe hue ho kSamApaNA kara lenA caahie| kSamApaNA kA dhArmika jIvana meM itanA adhika mahattva hai ki yadi kisI ke sAtha kSamApaNA bhAva na Ae aura aise bhAvoM meM kAladharma prApta ho jAya to vaha virAdhaka ho jAtA hai / vaha kSamApaNa dravya evaM bhAva ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai--(1) dravya se yadi kisI ke prati nArAjagI kA bhAva yA roSabhAva ho to use pratyakSa meM kahanA ki---"maiM Apako kSamA karatA hai aura Apake prati prasannabhAva dhAraNa karatA huuN|" yadi koI vyakti kisI kI bhUla ke kAraNa ruSTa ho to usase kahanA ki-'merI galatI huI Apa kSamA kareM, puna: aisA vyavahAra nahIM kruuNgaa"| (2) bhAva se-zAMti saralatA evaM namratA se hRdaya ko pUrNa pavitra banA lenaa| isa prakAra ke vyavahAra se tathA bhAvoM ko zuddhi-evaM hRdaya kI pavitratA ke sAtha kSamA karanA aura kSamA mAMganA yaha pUrNa kSamApaNAvidhi hai / paristhitivaza aisA sambhava na ho to bRha. u. 1 sU. 34 ke anusAra svayaM ko pUrNa upazAMta kara lene se bhI ArAdhanA ho sakatI hai, kintu yadi hRdaya meM zAMti, zuddhi na ho to bAhya vidhi se saMlekhanA, 15 dina kA saMthArA aura kSamApaNA kara lene para bhI ArAdhanA nahIM ho sakatI hai, aisA bhagavatIsUtra meM Aye abhIcikumAra ke varNana se spaSTa hotA hai| vyatikRSTakAla meM nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ke lie svAdhyAya kA vidhi-niSedha 13. no kappA niggaMthANaM viigiThe kAle sajjhAyaM krette| 14. kappai niggaMthoNaM viigiThe kAle sajjhAyaM karettae niggaMthanissAe / 13. nirgranthoM ko vyatikRSTa kAla meM (utkAlika Agama ke svAdhyAyakAla meM kAlika Agama kA) svAdhyAya karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 14. nirgrantha kI nizrA meM nirgranthiyoM ko vyatikRSTakAla meM bho svAdhyAya karanA kalpatA hai / vivecana-jina AgamoM kA svAdhyAya jisa kAla meM niSiddha hai, vaha kAla una AgamoM ke lie vyatikRSTa kAla kahA jAtA hai| sAdhu-sAdhvI ko aise samaya meM svAdhyAya arthAt Agama ke mUla pATha kA uccAraNa nahIM karanA cAhie ! ve kAla nizItha uddezaka 19 meM aneka prakAra ke kahe gae haiM /
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________________ [vyavahArasUtra prastuta prakaraNa meM vyatikRSTa kAla se kevala dina aura rAtri kI dUsarI tIsarI pauriSI samajhanI cAhie arthAt ina cAroM pauriSI kAloM meM kAlikasUtra kA svAdhyAya karane kA niSedha hai| naMdIsUtra meM kAlikasUtroM kI saMkhyA 12+30 = 42 kahI hai aura utkAlika sUtroM kI saMkhyA 29 kahI hai| anuyogadvArasUtra meM AvazyakasUtra ko utkAlika kahA gayA hai / isa prakAra kula 42+30 =72 Agama zrutajJAna meM kahe gae haiN| inameM se upalabdha kAlikasUtroM kA utkAla meM svAdhyAya karanA prathama sUtra meM niSiddha hai, kintu dUsare sUtra meM sAdhvI ke lie nirgranthoM ke pAsa svAdhyAya karane kA prApavAdika vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| usakA kAraNa yaha hai ki kabhI-kabhI pravartinI yA sAdhviyoM ko mUlapATha upAdhyAya Adi ko sunanA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai, jisase ki anya sAdhu-sAdhviyoM meM mUlapATha kI paramparA samAna rhe| sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke paraspara AgamoM ke svAdhyAya kA evaM vAcanA kA samaya dUsarA-tIsarA prahara hI yogya hotA hai, isalie yaha chUTa dI gaI hai, aisA samajhanA cAhie / utkAlika sUtroM kA cAra saMdhyAkAla meM svAdhyAya karanA bhI niSiddha hai, ataH dazakAlika yA naMdIsUtra kA svAdhyAya saMdhyAkAla meM yA dopahara ke samaya nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| kisI paramparA meM naMdIsUtra kI pacAsa gAthA tathA dazavai. kI do cUlikA kA svAdhyAya, asvAdhyAyakAla ke samaya bhI kiyA jAtA hai / isa viSaya meM aisA mAnA jAtA hai ki ye racanAeM maulika nahIM haiN| racanAkAra ke atirikta kisI ke dvArA jor3I gaI haiN| kintu yaha dhAraNA bhrAMta evaM anucita hai, kyoMki naMdIsUtra ke racanAkAra devavAcaka zrI devaddhigaNi kSamAzramaNa haiM, yaha nirvivAda hai / devavAcaka unakA vizeSaNa hai| naMdIsUtra ke carNikAra evaM TIkAkAra ne devavAcaka yA devaddhigaNI ko hI naMdIsUtra kA kartA svIkAra kiyA hai| naMdI kI 50 gAthAoM meM bhI anta meM dUSyagaNI ko vaMdana karake unakA guNagAna kiyA haiN| ataH dUSyagaNI ke ziSya devavAcaka zrI devaddhigaNI hI sUtra ke racanAkAra haiM / antima gAthA ke antima caraNa meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki "NANassa parUvaNaM voccha" = aba maiM jJAna kI prarUpaNA karUgA / isase bhI yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki naMdI ke kartA hI 50 gAthAoM ke kartA haiM / ataH 50 gAthAoM ko sUtrakAra ke atirikta kisI ke dvArA sambaddha mAnanA pramANasaMgata nahIM hai tathA naMdIsUtra kA saMdhyA samaya meM yA asvAdhyAya samaya meM uccAraNa nahIM karake usako 50 gAthAoM kA akAla meM svAdhyAya karanA yA uccAraNa karanA sarvathA anucitta hai| dazavaikAlikasUtra kI cUlikA ke viSaya meM kalpita kathAnaka yA kiMvadantI pracalita hai ki"mahAvideha kSetra se sthUlibhadra kI bahina dvArA ye cUlikAyeM lAI gaI haiN|" kintu isa kathAnaka kI prAmANikatA bhI saMdigdha hai / kyoMki kisI grantha meM do cUlikAeM lAne kA varNana hai to kisI meM cAra cUlikA lAne kA bhI varNana hai| -~-pariziSTaparva, parva 9, Ava. cU pR. 188
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________________ sAtavAM uddezaka] [395 ina granthoM se bhI dazavaikAlika sUtra kI cUNi prAcIna hai / usake racanAkAra zrI agastyasiMhasUri ne cUlikA kI vyAkhyA karate hue spaSTa kahA hai ki "aba Age sUtrakAra zrI zayyaMbhavAcArya isa prakAra kahate haiN|" cUrNikAra zrI agastyasiMhasUri ne donoM cUlikAoM kI pUrNa vyAkhyA kI hai aura usameM zayyabhavAcArya dvArA racita honA hI sacita kiyA hai| lekina mahAvideha se lAI jAne kI bAta kA koI kathana unhoMne nahIM kiyaa| pramANa ke lie dekheM cUlikA. 2 gA. 14-15 kI cUrNi pR. 265 / ataH yaha kiMvadantI cUrNikAra ke bAda kisI ne kisI kAraNa se pracArita kI hai| jo bAda ke granthoM meM likha dI gaI hai / ataH ina donoM cUlikAoM ko kisI ke dvArA sambaddha mAnakara saMdhyAsamaya meM yA asvAdhyAyakAla meM inakI svAdhyAya karanA sarvathA anucitta hai / aisA karane se nizItha u. 19 ke anusAra prAyazcitta bhI AtA hai| nirgrantha-nirgranthI ko svAdhyAya karane kA vidhi-niSedha 15. no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthoNa vA asajjhAie sajjhAyaM karettae / 16. kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA sajmAie sajjhAyaM karettae / 15. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko asvAdhyAya kAla meM svAdhyAya karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / 16. nirgranthoM aura nirgranthiyoM ko svAdhyAyakAla meM svAdhyAya karanA kalpatA hai| vivecana-kAla sambandhI asvAdhyAya 12, praudArika sambandhI asvAdhyAya 10 aura AkAza sambandhI asvAdhyAya 10, isa prakAra kula 32 asvAdhyAya meM svAdhyAya karane kA prastuta sUtra meM niSedha kiyA gayA hai aura pUrva sUtra meM kAlika sUtroM kI utkAla (dUsare tIsare prahara) ke samaya svAdhyAya karane kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai / asvAdhyAya sambandhI vistRta vivecana ke lie nizItha udde, 19 kA adhyayana karanA caahie| dUsare sUtra meM yaha vidhAna kiyA gayA hai ki yadi kisI prakAra kA asvAdhyAya na ho to sAdhusAdhviyoM ko svAdhyAya karanA caahie| jJAna ke aticAroM ke varNana se evaM nizItha udde. 19 sUtra 13 ke prAyazcitta vidhAna se tathA zramaNasUtra ke tIsare pATha se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki svAdhyAya ke samaya nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko avazya svAdhyAya karanA caahie| isa svAdhyAyavidhAna kI pUrti ke lie kisI paramparA meM pratikramaNa ke sAtha dazavakAlika kI sattaraha gAthAoM kA svAdhyAya kara liyA jAtA hai, yaha paramparA anucitta hai| kyoMki pratikramaNa kA samaya to asvAdhyAya kA hotA hai, ataH usake sAtha svAdhyAya karanA zrAgamaviruddha bhI hai tathA AcArAMga nizIthasUtra Adi aneka kaNThastha kie hue kAlikavAgamoM kA svAdhyAya karanA bhI zrAvazyaka hotA hai|
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________________ 396] [vyavahArasUtra ataH sAyaMkAlIna pratikramaNa ke pUrNa ho jAne para kAla kA (AkAza kA) pratilekhana karane ke bAda pUre prahara taka svAdhyAya karanA caahie| usI prakAra subaha ke pratikramaNa kI AjJA lene ke pUrva rAtri ke cauthe prahara meM svAdhyAya karane kA AgamavidhAna hai, aisA samajhanA cAhie / kintu kevala dazavai. kI unhIM 17 gAthAoM kA asvAdhyAyakAla meM svAdhyAya karake santoSa mAnanA anucita paraMparA hai| cAroM prahara meM svAdhyAya na karanA yaha jJAna kA aticAra hai evaM laghucaumAsI prAyazcitta kA sthAna hai / aisA jAnakara yadi kabhI svAdhyAya na ho to usakA prAyazcitta grahaNa karanA caahie| kintu sevA yA guruprAjJA meM kahIM samaya vyatIta huA ho to cAroM prahara meM svAdhyAya na karane para bhI prAyazcitta nahIM AtA hai / usI prakAra rugNatA Adi anya bhI ApavAdika kAraNa samajha lene caahie| akAraNa svAdhyAya kI apekSA kara vikathAoM meM samaya vyatIta karane para saMyamamaryAdA ke viparIta AcaraNa hotA hai evaM jJAna ke aticAra kA sevana hotA hai| zArIrika asvAdhyAya hone para svAdhyAya kA vidhi-niSedha 17. no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA apapNo asajjhAie sajzAyaM karettae / kappaiNaM aNNamaNNassa vAyaNaM dalaittae / 17. nirgranthoM evaM nirganthiyoM ko svazarIra sambandhI asvAdhyAya hone para svAdhyAya karanA nahIM kalpatA hai, kintu paraspara eka dUsare ko vAcanA denA kalpatA hai / vivecana-dasa audArika asvAdhyAya meM svAdhyAya karane kA sAmAnya niSedha sUtra 16 meM kiyA gayA hai, tathApi yahAM puna: niSedha karane kA kAraNa yaha hai ki mAsikadharma saMbaMdhI yA anya vraNa saMbaMdhI apanA asvAdhyAya niraMtara cAlU rahatA hai, utane samaya taka koI bhI sUtra kI vAcanA cala rahI ho use baMda karanA yA bIca meM chor3anA upayukta nahIM hai / aneka sAdhu-sAdhviyoM kI sAmUhika vAcanA cala rahI ho to kabhI kisI ke aura kabhI kisI ke asvAdhyAya kA kAraNa ho to isa prakAra aneka dina vyatIta ho sakate haiM aura usase sUtroM kI vAcanA meM avyavasthA ho jAtI hai / ataH yaha sUtra ukta mAsikadharma aura anya vraNa saMbaMdhI asvAdhyAya meM prApavAdika vidhAna karatA hai ki rakta-pIpa AdikA ucita viveka karake sAdhu yA sAdhvI paraspara vAcanA kA lena-dena kara sakate haiN| isa prakAra yahAM mAsikadharma ke prasvAdhyAya meM sUtroM kI vAcanA dene-lene kI spaSTa chUTa dI gaI hai| kintu vAcanA ke atirikta svata: svAdhyAya karanA yA sunanA to sUtra ke pUrvAddha se niSiddha hI hai| bhASyakAra aura TIkAkAra ne isa sUtra kI vyAkhyA karate hue Rtu-dharmakAla meM evaM vraNa Adi ke samaya meM sUtroM kI vAcanA lene-dene kI vidhi kA vistAra se spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai| sAtha hI svAdhyAya karane kA tathA pravidhi se vAcanA lene-dene kA prAyazcitta kahA hai / adhika jAnakArI ke lie nizItha. udde. 19 sUtra 15 kA vivecana dekheN| sUtra meM apane asvAdhyAya meM vAcanA dene kA vidhAna hai to bhI vAcanA denA aura lenA donoM hI samajha lenA caahie| kyoMki vAcanA na dene meM jo avyavasthA saMbhava rahatI hai, usase bhI adhika
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________________ sAtavAM uddezaka] [397 avyavasthA vAcanA na lene meM ho jAtI hai aura apane asvAdhyAya meM zravaNa karane kI apekSA uccAraNa karanA adhika bAdhaka hotA hai / ataH vAcanA dene kI chUTa meM vAcanA lenA to svata: siddha hai| phira bhI bhASyokta rakta Adi ko zuddhi karane evaM vastrapaTa lagAne kI vidhi ke pAlana karane kA dhyAna avazya rakhanA caahie| nirgranthI ke lie AcArya-upAdhyAya kI niyukti kI AvazyakatA 18. tivAsapariyAe samaNe niggaMthe tIsaM vAsapariyAe samaNIe niggaMthIe kappar3a uvajjhAyattAe uddisitte| 19. paMcavAsapariyAe samaNe niggaMthe saTTivAsapariyAe samaNIe niggaMthIe kappai AyariyauvajhAyattAe uddisittae / 18. tIsa varSa kI zramaNaparyAya vAlI nirgranthI ko upAdhyAya ke rUpa meM tIna varSa ke zramaNaparyAya vAle nirgrantha ko svIkAra karanA kalpatA hai| 19. sATha varSa kI zramaNaparyAya vAlI nirgranthI ko prAcArya yA upAdhyAya ke rUpa meM pAMca varSa ke zramaNaparyAya vAle nirgrantha ko svIkAra karanA kalpatA hai| vivecana-uddezaka 3 sUtra 11-12 meM sAdhviyoM ko AcArya, upAdhyAya evaM pravartinI ina tIna kI nizrA se rahanA Avazyaka kahA hai tathA sAdhuoM ko prAcArya, upAdhyAya ina do kI nizrA se rahanA Avazyaka kahA hai / vaha vidhAna tIna varSa kI dIkSAparyAya evaM cAlIsa varSa kI umra taka ke sAdhusAdhviyoM ke lie kiyA gayA hai| prastuta sUtradvika meM tIsa varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlI sAdhvI ke lie upAdhyAya kI niyukti aura sATha varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlI sAdhvI ke lie prAcArya kI niyukti karanA kahA hai| isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki tIsa varSa taka kI dIkSAparyAya vAlI sAdhviyoM ko upAdhyAya evaM pravartinI ke binA rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai aura sATha varSa taka kI dIkSAparyAya vAlI sAdhviyoM ko prAcArya ke binA rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| bhASya evaM TIkA meM ukta varSasaMkhyA meM dIkSA ke pUrva ke dasa varSa aura milAkara yaha batAyA hai ki 40 varSa taka kI umra vAlI sAdhviyoM ko upAdhyAya evaM pravartinI kI nizrA binA nahIM rahanA cAhie aura 70 varSa taka kI umra vAlI sAdhviyoM ko prAcArya kI nizrA binA nahIM rahanA cAhie / ukta varSasaMkhyA ke bAda yadi padavIdhara kAladharma ko prApta ho jAe~, yA gaccha chor3akara zithilAcArI bana jAe~ to aisI paristhitiyoM meM una sAdhviyoM ko prAcArya Adi kI niyukti karanA Avazyaka nahIM rahatA hai|| bhASya meM sAdhviyoM ko 'latA' kI upamA dI hai arthAt latA jisa taraha vRkSAdi ke avalaMbana se hI rahatI hai usI prakAra sAdhviyoM ko bhI prAcArya ke adhIna rahanA saMyamasamAdhi-surakSA ke lie Avazyaka hai|
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________________ 398] .[vyavahArasUtra bRhatkalpa udde. 1 meM kisI grAmAdi meM Thaharane ke lie bhI unheM gRhasvAmI Adi kI nizrA se rahane kA arthAt surakSA sahAyatA kA AzvAsana lekara hI rahane kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| AgamakAra kI dRSTi se 60 varSa kI dIkSAparyAya ke bAda prAcArya kA aura tIsa varSa kI dIkSA ke bAda upAdhyAya kA honA una sAdhviyoM ke lie Avazyaka nahIM hai| tIna varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAle bhikSu kI upAdhyAya pada para niyukti evaM pAMca varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAle bhikSu kI prAcArya pada para niyukti saMbaMdhI vistRta varNana tIsare uddezaka se jAnanA caahie| zramaNa ke mRtazarIra ko paraThane kI aura upakaraNoM ko grahaNa karane kI vidhi ___ 20. gAmANugAmaM dUijjamANe bhikkhU ya Ahacca vIsubhejjA, taM ca sarIragaM kei sAhammie pAsejjA, kappai se taM sarIragaM 'mA sAgAriya' ti kaTu egaMte acitte bahuphAsue thaMDile paDilehittA pamajjittA pridvvette| asthi ya istha kei sAhammiyasaMtie uvagaraNajAe pariharaNArihe, kappaha se sAgArakaDaM gahAya doccaMpi oggahaM aNunavettA parihAraM parihArittae / 20. grAmAnugrAma vihAra karatA huA bhikSu yadi akasmAt mArga meM hI mRtyu ko prApta ho jAe aura usake zarIra ko koI zramaNa dekhe aura yaha jAna le ki yahAM 'koI gRhastha nahIM hai' to usa mRta zravaNa ke zarIra ko ekAnta nirjIva bhUmi meM pratilekhana va pramArjana karake paraThanA kalpatA hai| yadi usa mRta zramaNa ke koI upakaraNa upayoga meM lene yogya hoM to unheM sAgArakRta grahaNa kara puna: AcAryAdi kI AjJA lekara upayoga meM lenA kalpatA hai| vivecana-bRhatkalpa uddezaka 4 meM upAzraya meM kAladharma ko prApta hone vAle sAdhu ko paraThane saMbaMdhI vidhi kahI gaI hai aura prastuta sUtra meM vihAra karate hue koI bhikSu mArga meM hI kAladharma ko prApta ho jAya to usake mRta zarIra ko paraThane kI vidhi batAI hai| _ vihAra meM kabhI akelA calatA huA bhikSu kAladharma ko prApta ho jAya aura usake mRtazarIra ko koI eka yA aneka sArmika sAdhu dekheM to unheM vidhipUrvaka ekAMta meM le jA kara paraTha denA caahie| 'mA sAgAriya'--bhikSu yaha jAna le ki vahAM pAsa-pAsa meM koI gRhastha nahIM hai jo (usa zarIra kA mRta-saMskAra kare, taba usa sthiti meM sAdhunoM ko use uThAkara ekAMta acitta sthAna meM paraTha denaa| caahie| yadi usa mRta bhikSu ke koI upakaraNa upayoga meM Ane yogya hoM to prAcArya kI AjJA kA AgAra rakhate hue unheM grahaNa kara sakate haiN| phira jina upakaraNoM ko rakhane kI prAcArya AjJA deM unheM rakha sakate haiM aura upayoga meM le sakate haiN| yadi koI eka yA aneka bhikSu kisI bhI kAraNa se usa kAladharmaprApta bhikSu ke mRtazarIra ko mArga meM yoM hI chor3akara cale jAe~ to ve sabhI gurucaumAsI prAyazcitta ke pAtra hote haiN|| .
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________________ sAtavAM uddezaka] pariSThApana saMbaMdhI anya jAnakArI bRhatkalpa udde. 4 meM dekheM evaM vistRta jAnakArI ke lie bhASya kA avalokana kreN| pariharaNIya zayyAtara kA nirNaya 21. sAgArie uvassayaM vavakaeNaM pauMjejjA se ya vakkaiyaM vaejjA---'imammiya imammiya provAse samaNA NiggaMthA parivasaMti / se sAgArie paarihaarie| se ya no vaejjA vakkahae vaejjA, se sAgArie pArihArie / do vi te vaejjA, do vi sAgAriyA pArihAriyA / 22. sAgArie uvassayaM vikkiNejjA, se ya kaiyaM vaejjA'imammi ya imammi ya provAse samaNA niggaMthA parivasaMti', se sAgArie pArihArie / se ya no vaejjA, kaie vaejjA, se sAgArie pArihArie / vo vi te vaejjA, do vi sAgAriyA paarihaariyaa| 21. zayyAdAtA yadi upAzraya kirAye para de aura kirAye para lene vAle ko yaha kahe ki-- 'itane-itane sthAna meM zramaNa nirgrantha raha rahe haiN|' isa prakAra kahane vAlA gRhasvAmI sAgArika (zayyAtara) hai, ataH usake ghara AhArAdi lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| yadi zayyAtara kucha na kahe, kintu kirAye para lene vAlA kahe to vaha zayyAtara hai, ataH parihArya hai| yadi kirAye para dene vAlA aura lene vAlA donoM kaheM to donoM zayyAtara haiM, ataH donoM parihArya haiN| 22. zayyAtara yadi upAzraya bece aura kharIdane vAle ko yaha kahe ki-'itane-itane sthAna meM zramaNa nirgrantha rahate haiM, to vaha zayyAtara hai| ataH vaha parihArya hai| ___ yadi upAzraya kA vikretA kucha na kaheM, kintu kharIdane vAlA kahe to vaha sAgArika hai, ataH vaha parihArya hai| yadi vikretA aura kretA donoM kahe to donoM sAgArika haiM, ataH donoM parihArya haiM / vivecana-bhikSu jisa makAna meM ThaharA huA hai, usakA mAlika use kirAye para deve yA use beca de to aisI sthiti meM bhikSu kA zayyAtara kauna rahatA hai, yaha prastuta sUtra meM spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| yadi kharIdane vAlA yA kirAye para lene vAlA vyakti bhikSa ko apane makAna meM prasannatApUrvaka Thaharane kI AjJA detA ho to vaha zayyAtara kahA jAtA hai| yadi vaha bhikSu ko ThaharAne meM upekSAbhAva rakhatA hai evaM AjJA bhI nahIM detA hai| kintu makAna kA pUrva mAlika hI use bhikSu ke rahane kA
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________________ 400] [vyavahArasUtra spaSTIkaraNa kara detA hai ki "amuka samaya taka bhikSu raheMge, usake bAda vaha sthAna bhI tumhArA ho jaayegaa|" aisI sthiti meM pUrva zayyAdAtA hI zayyAtara rahatA hai| zayyAtara ke nirNaya kA Azaya yaha hai ki jo zayyAtara hogA usI ke ghara kA AhAra Adi 'zayyAtarapiMDa' khlaaegaa| ____ kabhI pUrva zayyAdAtA bhI kahe ki "merI prAjJA hai" aura nUtana svAmI bhI kahe ki "merI bhI aAjJA hai" taba donoM ko zayyAtara mAnanA caahie| yadi samajhAne para unake samajha meM A jAya to kisI eka kI hI AjJA rakhanA ucita hai| kyoMki bRhatkalpa u. 2 sU. 13 meM aneka svAmiyoM vAle makAna meM kisI eka svAmI kI AjJA lene kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| zayyAtara sambandhI evaM zayyAtarapiMDa sambandhI vizeSa jAnakArI nizItha u. 2 sU. 46 ke vivecana meM dekheN| sUtra meM gRhastha ke ghara ke liye upAzraya zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki jahAM bhikSu ThaharA huA ho yA jahAM use ThaharanA ho, una donoM hI makAnoM ko AgamakAra upAzraya zabda se kahate haiM / isIlie bRhatkalpa udde. 2 sU. 1-10 meM pAnI ke ghar3e, surA yA sauvIra ke ghar3e aura dhAnya evaM khAdyasAmagrI rakhe gRhastha ke ghara ko bhI upAzraya kahA gayA hai| saMpUrNa rAta-dina jahAM agni arthAt bhaTTiyAM jalatI hoM yA dIpaka jalate hoM, aise gRhastha ke prArambhajanya kArakhAne Adi sthAna ko bhI upAzraya kahA gayA hai| usI paddhati ke kAraNa yahAM bhI gRhastha ke ghara meM bhikSu pahale se ThaharA huA hone se use upAzraya kahA hai / vartamAna meM pracalita sAmAjika upAzraya meM sAdhu ThaharA huA ho, use kisI ke dvArA becanA yA kirAye para denA sambhava nahIM hotA hai| ataH yahAM upAzraya zabda se gRhastha kA makAna artha samajhanA caahie| AjJAgrahaNa karane kI vidhi 23. vihavadhUyA nAyakulavAsiNI sA vi yAvi proggahaM aNunnaveyamvA, kimaMga puNa piyA vA, bhAyA vA, putte vA, se vi yA vi oggahe progevhiyagve / 24. pahevi proggahaM aNunnaveyavve / 23. pitA ke ghara para jIvana yApana karane vAlI vidhavA lar3akI kI bhI AjJA lI jA sakatI hai, taba pitA, bhAI, putra kA to kahanA hI kyA arthAt unako bhI AjJA grahaNa kI jA sakatI hai| 24. yadi mArga meM ThaharanA ho to usa sthAna kI bhI AjJA grahaNa karanI caahie| vivecana-ghara ke kina-kina sadasyoM kI prAjJA lI jA sakatI hai, yaha prathama sUtra kA pratipAdya viSaya hai aura kisI bhI sthAna para AjJA lekara hI baiThanA cAhie yaha dUsare sUtra kA pratipAdya viSaya hai| prathama sUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki pitA, putra, bhAI kI bhI AjJA lI jA sakatI hai arthAt saMyukta parivAra kA koI bhI samajhadAra sadasya ho, cAhe vaha strI ho yA puruSa, unakI AjJA lI jA sakatI hai| vivAhita lar3akI ko zrAjJA nahIM lI jA sktii| kintu jo lar3akI kisI bhI kAraNa se sadA pitA
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________________ sAtavAM uddezaka] .[401 ke ghara meM hI rahatI ho to usakI bhI AjJA lI jA sakatI hai| isI prakAra jo samajhadAra evaM jimmedAra naukara ho, usakI bhI AjJA lI jA sakatI hai| ___ makAna ke bAhara kA khulA sthAna (barAmadA) Adi meM baiThanA ho aura makAna-mAlika ghara banda karake kahIM gayA huA ho to kisI rAhagIra yA par3ausI kI bhI AjJA lI jA sakatI hai| dvitIya sUtrAnusAra bhikSu ko vihAra karate hue kabhI mArga meM yA vRkSa ke nIce ThaharanA ho to usa sthAna kI bhI AjJA lenI caahie| binA AjJA lie bhikSu vahAM bhI nahIM baiTha sakatA hai| usa samaya yadi koI bhI pathika udhara se jA rahA ho yA koI vyakti vahAM baiThA ho to usakI prAjJA lI jA sakatI hai| yadi koI bhI AjJA dene vAlA na ho to usa sthAna meM Thaharane ke lie "zakeMdra kI AjJA hai" aisA uccAraNa karake bhikSa Thahara sakatA hai| kintu kisI bhI prakAra se prAjJA lie binA kahIM para bhI nahIM ThaharanA cAhie, yaha dUsare sUtra kA Azaya hai| yadi prAjJA lenA bhUla jAe to usakI AlocanA pratikramaNa kara lenA caahie| pratiyoM meM "pahe vi" aura "pahie vi" aise do taraha ke zabda milate haiN| kintu bhASya ke anusAra yahAM "pahe vi" aisA pATha zuddha hai, jisakA artha hai ki patha meM arthAt mArga meM baiThanA ho to usakI bhI AjJA lenI cAhie / "pahie vi" prayoga ko lipidoSa hI samajhanA caahie| rAjyaparivartana meM AjJA grahaNa karane kA vidhAna 25. se rajjapariyaTTesu, saMthaDesu, anvogaDesu, anvocchinnesu, aparapariggahiesu, sacceva oggahassa puSvANunnavaNA ciTThai ahAlaMdamavi proggahe / 26. se rajjapariyaTesu, asaMthaDesu, bogaDesu, vocchinnesu, parapariggahiesu bhikkhubhAvassa aTThAe doccapi oggahe aNunaveyavve siyaa| 25. rAjA kI mRtyu ke bAda naye rAjA kA abhiSeka ho kintu avibhakta evaM zatruoM dvArA anAkrAnta rahe, rAjavaMza avichinna rahe aura rAjyavyavasthA pUrvavat rahe to sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke lie pUrvagRhIta AjJA hI avasthita rahatI hai| 26. rAjA kI mRtyu ke bAda naye rAjA kA abhiSeka ho aura usa samaya rAjya vibhakta ho jAya yA zatruoM dvArA AkrAnta ho jAya, rAjavaMza vicchinna ho jAya yA rAjyavyavasthA parivartita ho jAya to sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko bhikSu-bhAva arthAt (saMyama kI maryAdA) kI rakSA ke lie dUsarI bAra AjJA le lenI caahie| vivecana-jisa rAjya meM bhikSuoM ko vicaraNa karanA ho usake svAmI arthAt rAjA Adi kI AjJA le lenI caahie| AjJA lene ke bAda yadi rAjA kA parivartana ho jAya taba do prakAra kI sthiti hotI hai
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________________ 402] [vyavahArasUtra (1) pUrva rAjA kA rAjakumAra yA usake vaMzaja rAjA bane hoM athavA kevala vyakti kA parivartana huA ho, anya rAjasattA, vyavasthA aura kAnUnoM kA koI parivartana na hA ho to pUrva grahaNa kI huI AjJA se vicaraNa kiyA jA sakatA hai, puna: AjJA lene kI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI hai| (2) yadi koI sarvathA nayA hI rAjA banA ho, rAjyavyavasthA kA parivartana ho gayA ho to vahAM vicaraNa karane ke lie punaH prAjJA lenA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai| sabhI jaina saMghoM ke sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke vicaraNa karane kI rAjAjJA eka pramukha vyakti ke dvArA prApta kara lI jAya to phira pRthaka-pRthaka kisI bhI saMta-satI ko AjJA lene kI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI hai| sUtra 1-2 3-4 sAtaveM uddezaka kA sArAMza anya gaccha se AI huI dUSita prAcAra vAlI nirgranthI ko pravartinI Adi sAdhviyAM prAcArya Adi se pUche binA evaM usake doSoM kI zuddhi karAye binA nahIM rakha sakatIM, kintu prAcArya Adi usake doSoM kI zuddhi karavAkara pravartinI Adi sAdhviyoM ko pUche binA bhI gaccha meM rakha sakate haiN| upekSApUrvaka tIna bAra se adhika eSaNAdoSa sevana yA vyavasthAbhaMga Adi karane para usa sAdhu-sAdhvI ke sAtha AhAra-sambandha kA parityAga kiyA jA sakatA hai| aisA karane ke lie sAdhviyAM pratyakSa vArtA nahIM kara sakatIM, kintu sAdhu pratyakSa vArtA kara sakate haiN| sAdhu kabhI sAdhvI ko dIkSA de sakatA hai aura sAdhvI kabhI sAdhu ko dIkSA de sakatI hai, kintu ve use prAcArya Adi kI nizrA meM kara sakate haiM, apanI nizrA meM nhiiN| sAdhvI atidUrastha AcArya yA pravartinI kI nizrA svIkAra karake dIkSA na leve, kintu sannikaTa prAcArya yA pravartinI kI hI nizrA svIkAra kre| sAdhu dUrastha prAcArya kI nizrA svIkAra karake bhI dIkSA le sakatA hai| atidUra gaI huI sAdhvI se anya sAdhvI kSamAyAcanA kara sakatI hai, kintu sAdhu ko kSamApanA karane ke lie pratyakSa milanA Avazyaka hotA hai / bhASya meM paristhitivaza sAdhu ko bhI dUrastha kSamApanA karanA kahA hai| utkAla meM (dUsare-tIsare prahara meM) kAlika sUtra kA svAdhyAya nahIM karanA cAhie, kintu kabhI sAdhvI upAdhyAya Adi ko svAdhyAya sunA sakatI hai| battIsa prakAra ke asvAdhyAya kAla hoM taba svAdhyAya nahIM karanA aura jaba asvAdhyAya na ho taba avazya svAdhyAya karanA / apanI zArIrika asvAdhyAya meM svAdhyAya nahIM karanA, kintu sAdhu-sAdhvI paraspara sUtrArtha vAcanA de sakate haiN| 9-10 11-12 13-14 15-16
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________________ sAtavAM uddezaka] 18-19 20 [403 tIsa varSa kI dIkSAparyAya taka kI sAdhviyoM ko upAdhyAya pravartinI ke binA nahIM rahanA cAhie aura 60 varSa taka kI dIkSAparyAya vAlI sAdhviyoM ko binA AcArya ke nahIM rahanA caahie| vihAra karate hue mArga meM sAdhu kA mRtadeha par3A huA dikha jAya to use yogya vidhi se evaM yogya sthAna meM paraTha denA caahie| yadi unake upayogI upakaraNa ho to unheM grahaNa kara prAcArya kI AjJA lekara upayoga meM liyA jA sakatA hai| zayyAtara makAna ko bece yA kirAye para deve to nUtana svAmI kI yA pUrva svAmI kI yA donoM kI AjJA lI jA sakatI hai| ghara ke koI sadasya kI yA jimmedAra naukara kI AjJA lekara bhI ThaharA jA sakatA hai / sadA pitA ke ghara rahane vAlI vivAhita beTI kI bhI AjJA lI jA sakatI hai| mArga meM baiThanA ho to bhI AjJA lekara hI baiThanA caahie| rAjA yA rAjyavyavasthA parivartita hone para usa rAjya meM vicaraNa karane ke lie punaH prAjJA lenA Avazyaka hai| yadi usI rAjA ke rAjakumAra Adi vaMzaja rAjA baneM to pUrvAjJA se vicaraNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| 21-22 23 24 25-26 upasaMhAra sUtra 1-2 5-8 9-10 11-12 13-17 18-19 20 21-24 25-26 isa uddezaka meManya gaccha se AI sAdhvI ko gaccha meM lene kA, paraspara saMbhogaviccheda karane kA, paraspara dIkSA dene kA, dUrastha prAcAryAdi kI nizrA lene kA, dUrastha se kSamApanA karane yA na karane kA, svAdhyAya karane yA na karane kA, sAdhvI ko prAcArya upAdhyAya svIkAra karane kA, sAdhu ke mRtazarIra ko paraThane kA, Thaharane ke sthAnoM kI AjJA lene kA, rAjya meM vicaraNa kI nUtana AjJA lene kA, ityAdi viSayoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / // sAtavAM uddezaka samApta /
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________________ AThavAM uddezaka zayanasthAna ke grahaNa kI vidhi 1. gAhA uU pajjosavie, tAe, gAhAe, tAe paesAe, tAe uvAsaMtarAe "jamiNaM jamiNaM sejjAsaMthAragaM labhejjA tamiNaM tamiNaM mameva siyaa|" therA ya se aNujANejjA, tasseva siyA / therA ya se no aNujANejjA no tasseva siyaa| evaM se kappai ahArAiNiyAe sejjAsaMthAragaM paDiggAhittae / 1. hemanta yA grISma kAla meM kisI ke ghara meM Thaharane ke lie rahA ho, usa ghara ke kisI vibhAga ke sthAnoM meM "jo-jo anukUla sthAna yA saMstAraka mileM ve-ve meM grahaNa kruu|" ___isa prakAra ke saMkalpa hone para bhI sthavira yadi usa sthAna ke liye prAjJA de to vahAM zayyAsaMstAraka karanA kalpatA hai / yadi sthavira AjJA na de to vahAM zayyA-saMstAraka grahaNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| sthavira ke AjJA na dene para yathAratnAdhika-(dIkSAparyAya se jyeSTha-kaniSTha) krama se zayyA sthAna yA saMstAraka grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| vivecana-kisI bhI ghara yA upAzraya prAdi meM Thaharane ke samaya yA bAda meM apane baiThane yA sone ke sthAna kA guru yA pramukha kI prAjJA se nirNaya karanA caahie| jisase vyavasthA evaM anuzAsana kA samyak pAlana hotA rahe / AcArAMga zru. 2 a. 2 u. 3 meM zayanAsana (zayyAbhUmi) grahaNa karane kI vidhi kA kathana karate hue batAyA hai ki "prAcArya upAdhyAya Adi padavIdhara evaM bAla, vRddha, rogI, navadIkSita aura Agantuka (pAhuNe) sAdhunoM ko Rtu ke anukUla evaM icchita sthAna yathAkrama se diye jAne ke bAda hI zeSa bhikSu saMyamaparyAya ke krama se zayanasthAna grahaNa kreN| prAcArya Adi kA yathocita krama tathA sama-viSama, savAta-nirvAta Adi zayyA kI avasthAoM kA bhASya meM vistRta vivecana kiyA gayA hai| prAcA. zru. 2 a. 2 u. 3 meM aneka prakAra kI anukUla pratikUla zayyAoM meM samabhAvapUrvaka rahane kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai aura uttarA. a. 2 meM zayyAparISaha ke varNana meM kahA hai ki bhikSu isa prakAra vicAra kare ki eka rAtri meM kyA ho jAegA, aisA socakara usa sthiti ko samabhAva se sahana kre| bR. u. 3 meM bhI ratnAdhika ke krama se zayyA-saMstAraka grahaNa karane kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai jo utsargavidhAna hai, kyoMki rugNatA Adi meM usakA pAlana karanA Avazyaka nahIM hotA hai|
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________________ AThavAM uddezaka] [405 sUtra meM prayukta zabdoM ke artha(1) gAhA-gRha, makAna, upAzraya / (2) uU-hemanta-grISma Rtu / (3) pajjosavie---gRha yA upAzraya meM pahuMcA huyA yA ThaharA huA bhikSu / (4) tAe gAhAe-usa ghara meN| (5) tAe paesAe-usa ghara ke eka vibhAga-kamare Adi meM / (6) tAe uvAsaMtarAe-usa kamare Adi kI amuka sImita jagaha meN| zayyAsaMstAraka ke lAne kI vidhi 2. se ya ahAlahusagaM sejjAsaMthAragaM gavesejjA, jaM cakkiyA egeNa hattheNa ogijjha jAva egAhaM vA duyAhuM vA, tiyAhaM vA parivahittae, "esa me hemanta-gimhAsu bhvissi|" 3. se ya ahAlahusagaM sejjAsaMthAragaM gavesejjA, jaM cakkiyA egeNaM hattheNaM ogijjha jAva egAhaM vA, duyAhaM vA, tiyAhaM vA addhANaM parivahittae, "esa me vAsAvAsAsu bhvissi|" 4. se ya prahAlahusagaM sejjAsaMthAragaM gabesejjA, jaM cakkiyA egeNaM hattheNaM ogijma jAva egAhaM vA, duyAhaM vA, tiyAhaM vA, cauyAhaM thA, paMcAhaM vA, dUramavi addhANaM parivahitae, "esa me buDDAvAsAsu bhavissai / " 2. zramaNa yathAsambhava halke zayyA-saMstAraka kA anveSaNa kare, vaha itanA halkA ho ki use eka hAtha se grahaNa karake lAyA jA sake / aise zayyA-saMstAraka eka, do yA tIna dina taka usI bastI se gaveSaNA karake lAyA jA sakatA hai, isa prayojana se ki yaha zayyAsaMstAraka mere hemanta yA grISma Rtu meM kAma aaegaa| 3. zramaNa yathAsambhava halke zayyA-saMstAraka kA anveSaNa kare, vaha itanA halkA ho ki use eka hAtha se grahaNa karake lAyA jA ske| aisA zayyA-saMstAraka eka do yA tIna dina taka usI bastI se yA nikaTa kI anya bastI se gaveSaNA karake lAyA jA sakatA hai, isa prayojana se ki--yaha zayyA saMstAraka mere varSAvAsa meM kAma aaegaa| 4. zramaNa yathAsambhava halke zayyA-saMstAraka kI yAcanA kare, vaha itanA halkA ho ki use eka hAtha se uThAkara lAyA jA ske| aisA zayyA-saMstAraka eka, do, tIna, cAra yA pAMca dina taka usI bastI se yA anya dUra kI bastI se bhI gaveSaNA karake lAyA jA sakatA hai, isa prayojana se ki yaha zayyAsaMstAraka mere vRddhAvAsa meM kAma aaegaa| vivecana--pUrva sUtra meM zayyA-saMstAraka zabda se sthAna grahaNa karane kI vidhi kahI hai aura ina sUtroM meM pATa Adi grahaNa karane kA vidhAna kiyA hai|
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________________ 406] [vyavahArasUtra pATa Adi ko prAtihArika hI grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai aura AvazyakatA hone para hI grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai / kyoMki yaha sAdhu kI sAmAnya upadhi nahIM hai / __ bhASya meM anAvazyaka paristhiti se hemanta Rtu ke pATa Adi ke grahaNa karane kA prAyazcitta kahA hai aura varSAkAla meM grahaNa nahIM karane vAle ko prAyazcitta kA pAtra kahA hai| ina bhASya-vidhAnoM meM jIvarakSA evaM zArIrika samAdhi kI mukhya apekSA dikhAI gaI hai| ata: una apekSAoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara hI bhikSu ko vivekapUrvaka pATa Adi ke grahaNa karane yA na karane kA nirNaya karanA caahie| ____ ina sUtroM meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki jo bhI pATa aAdi lAveM, vaha itanA halkA honA cAhie ki eka hAtha se uThAkara lAyA jA ske| hemanta-grISma kAla ke lie Avazyaka pATa Adi kI gaveSaNA tIna dina taka usI prAmAdi meM kI jA sakatI hai, varSAvAsa ke lie usI prAmAdi meM yA anya nikaTa ke grAmAdi meM tIna dina taka gaveSaNA kI jA sakatI hai aura sthaviravAsa ke lie pATa Adi kI gaveSaNA utkRSTa pAMca dina taka usI grAmAdi meM yA dUra ke grAmAdi meM bhI kI jA sakatI hai / aisA ina pRthak-pRthak tIna sUtroM meM spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| __prathama sUtra meM "addhANaM" zabda nahIM hai, dUsare sUtra meM "praddhANaM" hai aura tIsare sUtra meM 'dUramavi praddhANaM' zabda hai, isI se tInoM sUtroM ke artha meM kucha-kucha antara hai| zayyA-saMstAraka kA anya vivecana ni. u. 2 tathA uddezaka pAMca meM dekheN| ekAkI sthavira ke bhaNDopakaraNa aura gocarI jAne kI vidhi 5. therANaM therabhUmipattANaM kappai daNDae vA, bhaNDae vA, chattae vA, mattae vA, laTThiyA vA, bhise vA, cele vA, celacilimili bA, camme vA, cammakose vA, cammapaliccheyaNae vA avirahie ovAse ThavettA gAhAvaikulaM piNDavAyapaDiyAe pavisittae vA, nikkhamittae vA / kappai NaM sanniyaTTacArINaM doccaMpi uggahaM aNunnavettA pariharittae / 5. sthaviratvaprApta (ekAkI) sthaviroM ko daNDa, bhANDa, chatra, mAtraka, lAThI, kASTha kA Asana, vastra, vastra ko cilamilikA, carma, carmakoSa aura carmaparicchedanaka avirahita sthAna meM rakhakara arthAt kisI ko sambhalAkara gRhastha ke ghara meM AhAra ke lie jAnA-pAnA kalpatA hai / bhikSAcaryA, karake punaH lauTane para jisakI dekha-rekha meM daNDAdi rakhe gaye haiM, usase dUsarI bAra AjJA lekara grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| vivecana isa sUtra meM aise ekAkI vicaraNa karane vAle bhikSu kA varNana hai jo prAcA. zru. 1 a. 6 u. 2, sUya. zru. 1 a. 10, uttarA. a. 32 gA. 5 tathA dazavaM. cU. 2 gA. 10 meM nirdiSTa saparisthitika ekalavihArI hai| sAtha hI zarIra kI apekSA vRddha yA prativRddha hai, sthavirakalpI sAmAnya bhikSu hai aura karmasaMyoga se vRddhAvasthA taka bhI vaha akelA rahakara yathAzakti saMyama pAlana kara rahA hai /
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________________ AThavAM uddezaka [407 zArIrika kAraNoM se use aneka aupagrahika upakaraNa rakhane par3a rahe haiN| una sabhI upakaraNoM ko sAtha lekara gocarI Adi ke lie vaha nahIM jA sakatA hai| use asurakSita sthAna rahane ko milA ho to vahAM una upakaraNoM ko chor3akara jAne para bacce yA kutte unheM tor3a-phor3a deM yA lekara cale jAeM athavA cora curA leM ityAdi kAraNoM se sUtra meM yaha vidhAna kiyA gayA hai ki vaha vRddha bhikSu apane upakaraNoM kI surakSA ke lie kisI ko niyukta karake jAe yA pAsa meM hI koI baiThA ho to use sUcita karake jAe aura punaH Ane para use sUcita kara de ki 'maiM A gayA hUM' usake bAda hI una upakaraNoM ko grahaNa kare / __ zArIrika sthitiyoM se vivaza akele vRddha bhikSu ke lie bhI isa sUtra meM jo apavAdoM kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai, isase yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki sUtrakAra kI yA jinazAsana kI atyanta udAra evaM anekAMta dRSTi hai| sUtrokta vRddha bhikSu calate samaya sahAre ke lie daNDa yA lAThI rakhatA hai, garmI Adi se rakSA ke lie chatra rakhatA hai, mala-matra-kapha Adi vikAroM ke kAraNa aneka mAtraka rakhatA hai. miTTI ke ghaDe Adi bhAMDa bhI rakhatA, atirikta vastra-pAtra rakhatA hai, macchara Adi ke kAraNa maccharadA baiThane meM sahAre ke lie bhUsikA-kASTha Asana karatA hai, carmakhaNDa, carmakoSa (upAnaha jUtA Adi) yA carmachedanaka bhI rakhatA hai arthAt apane Avazyaka upayogI koI bhI upakaraNa rakhatA hai / unameM se jina upakaraNoM kI gocarI jAne ke samaya AvazyakatA na ho unake lie sUtra meM yaha vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| viziSTa sAdhanA vAle paDimAdhArI yA jinakalpI bhikSu aupagrahika upakaraNa rakhane Adi ke apavAdoM kA sevana nahIM karate haiM aura gacchagata bhikSu kI aisI sUtrokta paristhiti honA sambhava bhI nahIM hai| kyoMki gaccha meM aneka vaiyAvRtya karane vAle hote haiN| ata: paristhitivaza sAmAnya bahuzruta bhikSu bhI jIvanaparyanta ekAkI rahakara yathAzakti saMyamamaryAdA kA pAlana karate hue vicaraNa kara sakatA, yaha isa sUtra se spaSTa hotA hai| zayyA-saMstAraka ke lie punaH AjJA lene kA vidhAna 6. no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA pADihAriyaM vA, sAgAriyasaMtiyaM vA sejjAsaMthAragaM voccapi oggahaM aNaNunnavettA bahiyA niihritte| 7. kappai nigaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA pADihAriyaM vA, sAgAriyasaMtiyaM vA sejjAsaMthAragaM voccaMpi oggahaM aNunnavettA bahiyA noharittae / 8. no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA pADihAriyaM vA, sAgAriyasaMtiyaM vA sejjAsaMthAragaM savvappaNA appiNittA docca pi oggahaM aNaNunavettA ahidvitte| 9. kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA pADihAriyaM vA, sAgAriyasaMtiyaM vA sajjAsaMthAragaM savvappaNA appiNittA doccaM pi ora
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________________ 408] [vyavahArasUtra 6. nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko bAhara se lAyA huA prAtihArika zayyA-saMstAraka yA zayyAtara kA zayyA-saMstAraka dUsarI bAra prAjJA lie binA anyatra le jAnA nahIM kalpatA hai / 7. nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko bAhara se lAyA huA prAtihArika zayyA-saMstAraka yA zayyAttara kA zayyA-saMstAraka dUsarI bAra AjJA lekara hI anyatra le jAnA kalpatA hai| 8. nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko bAhara se lAyA hA prAtihArika zayyA-saMstAraka yA zayyAtara kA zayyA-saMstAraka sarvathA sauMpa dene ke bAda dUsarI bAra AjJA lie binA kAma meM lenA nahIM kalpatA hai / 9. nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko bAhara se lAyA hA zayyA-saMstAraka yA zayyAtara kA zayyAsaMstAraka sarvathA sauMpa dene ke bAda dUsarI bAra AjJA lekara hI kAma meM lenA kalpatA hai / vivecana-zayyAtara kA yA anya gahastha kA zayyA-saMstAraka Adi koI bhI prAtihArika upakaraNa jisa makAna meM rahate hue grahaNa kiyA gayA hai, usako dUsare makAna meM le jAnA Avazyaka ho to usake svAmI se prAjJA prApta karanA yA use sUcanA karanA Avazyaka hai| adhika jAnakArI ke lie ni. u. 2 sU. 53 kA vivecana dekheN| kisI kA pATa Adi koI bhI upakaraNa lAyA gayA ho, use alpakAla ke lie Avazyaka na hone se upAzraya meM hI apanI nizrA se chor3A jA sakatA hai kiMtu use jaba kabhI punaH lenA Avazyaka ho jAya to dubArA AjJA lenA jarUrI hotA hai, yaha dUsare sUtrAdvika kA zrAzaya hai / vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie ni. u. 5 sU. 23 kA vivecana dekheN| zayyA-saMstAraka grahaNa karane kI vidhi 10. no kappA niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA puvAmeva oggahaM ogihittA tao pacchA annunvette| 11. kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA puyAmeva oggahaM aNunnavettA tano pacchA progihitte| 12. aha puNa evaM jANejjA-iha khalu nimgaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA no sulabhe pADihArie sejjA saMthArae tti kaTu evaM NaM kappai punvAmeva oggahaM ogiNhittA tao pacchA annunnvette| "mA vahau ajjo! biiyaM" tti vai aNulomeNaM aNulomeyavve siyaa| 10. nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko pahale zayyA-saMstAraka grahaNa karanA aura bAda meM unakI AjJA lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| 11. nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko pahale prAjJA lenA aura bAda meM zayyA-saMstAraka grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai|
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________________ sAtavAM uddezaka] [409 12. yadi yaha jAne ki nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko yahAM prAtihArika zayyA-saMstAraka sulabha nahIM hai to pahale sthAna yA zayyA-saMstAraka grahaNa karanA aura bAda meM AjJA lenA kalpatA hai| (kintu aisA karane para yadi saMyatoM ke aura zayyA-saMstAraka ke svAmI ke madhya kisI prakAra kA kalaha ho jAya to prAcArya unheM isa prakAra kahe-'he Aryo ! eka ora to tumane inako vasati grahaNa kI hai, dUsarI ora inase kaThora vacana bola rahe ho") "he Aryo ! isa prakAra tumheM inake sAtha aisA duharA aparAdhamaya vyavahAra nahIM karanA caahie|" isa prakAra anukala vacanoM se prAcArya usa vasati ke svAmI ko anukUla kre| vivecana--kisI bhI sthAna para baiThanA yA ThaharanA ho to bhikSu ko pahale prAjJA lenI cAhie, bAda meM hI vahAM ThaharanA caahie| isI prakAra pATa Adi athavA taNa Adi anya koI bhI padArtha lene hoM to unako pahale prAjJA lenA cAhie, bAda meM hI use grahaNa karanA yA upayoga meM lenA caahie| kisI bhI vastu kI AjJA lene ke pahale grahaNa karanA aura phira prAjJA lenA avidhi hai / isase tRtIya mahAvrata dUSita hotA hai| tathApi sUtra meM makAna kI durlabhatA ko lakSya meM rakhate hue paristhitivaza kabhI isa prakAra pravidhi se grahaNa karane kI prApavAdika chUTa dI gaI hai| vizeSa paristhiti ke atirikta isa chUTa kA ati upayoga yA durupayoga nahIM karanA cAhie tathA yaha bhI dhyAna rakhanA cAhie ki prApavAdika sthiti kA nirNaya gItArtha (bahuzruta) bhikSu hI kara sakate haiN| alpajJa abahuzruta-agItArtha bhikSu yadi aisA kare to usakI yaha anAdhikAra ceSTA hai| phira bhI gItArtha-bahuzruta kI nizrA se ve isa apavAda kA pAcaraNa kara sakate haiN| isa sUtra ke antima vAkya kI vyAkhyA meM batAyA gayA hai ki- "jahAM durlabha zayyA ho usa gAMva meM kucha sAdhAge jAe~ aura kisI upayukta makAna meM AjJA lie binA makAna kA mAlika ruSTa hokara vAda-vivAda karane lge| taba pIche se anya bhikSu yA prAcArya pahuMca kara usa sAdhu ko AkrozapUrvaka kaheM ki "are Arya ! tU yaha dugutA aparAdha kyoM kara rahA hai / eka to inake makAna meM ThaharA hai, dUsare inhIM se vAda-vivAda kara rahA hai| cupa raha, zAMti rakha / " isa prakAra DAMTa kara phira makAna-mAlika ko prasanna karate hue namratA se vArtAlApa karake AjJA prApta kreN| adhika vivecana ke lie dazA. da. 2 dekheM / patita yA vismRta upakaraNa kI eSaNA 13. niggaMthassa NaM gAhAvaikulaM piNDavAya paDiyAe aNupaviTThassa aNNayare ahAlahusae uvagaraNajAe paribhaThe siyaa| taM ca keI sAhammie pAsejjA, kappai se sAgArakaDaM gahAya jattheva aNNamaNNaM pAsejjA tattheva evaM vaejjA-- 50-"ime bhe ajjo! ki pariNAe ?" u0 se ya vaejjA--"pariNAe" tasseva paDiNijjAeyavve siyaa| se ya vaejjA-"no pariNAe" taM no appaNA paribhujejjA no aNNamaNNassa dAvae, egaMte bahuphAsue thaNDile pariTTaveyavve siyaa|
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________________ 410] [vyavahArasUtra 14. niggaMthassa gaM bahiyA viyArabhUmi vA, vihArabhUmi vA nikkhantassa aNNayare ahAlahusae uvagaraNajAe paribhaTThe siyaa| taM ca kei sAhammie pAsejjA, kappai se sAgArakaDaM gahAya jattheva aNNamaNNaM pAsejjA tattheva evaM vaejjA 50--"ime bhe ajjo ! ki pariNNAe ?" u0-se ya vaejjA-"pariNAe" tassava paDiNijjAeyavve siyaa|| se ya vaejjA-"no pariNAe" taM no appaNA paribhujejjA, no aNNamaNNassa dAvae, egate bahuphAsue thaNDile pariTheveyavve siyaa| 15. niggaMthassa NaM gAmANugAma dUijjamANassa aNNayare uvagaraNajAe parimbhalai siyaa| taM ca keI sAhammie pAsejjA, kappai se sAgArakaDaM gahAya dUramavi addhANa parivahittae, jattheva aNNamaNNaM pAsejjA tattheva evaM vaejjA pa0--"ime bhe ajjo ! ki pariNAe ?" u.-se ya vaejjA "pariNAe" tasseva paDiNijjAeyavve siyaa| se ya vaejjA-"no pariNAe" taM no appaNA paribhujejjA, no aNNamaNNassa dAvae, egate bahuphAsue thaNDile pariveyabve siyaa| 13. nirgrantha gRhastha ke ghara meM AhAra ke lie praveza kare aura kahIM para usakA koI laghu upakaraNa gira jAe, usa upakaraNa ko yadi koI sArmika zramaNa dekhe to 'jisakA yaha upakaraNa hai use de dUMgA' isa bhAvanA se lekara jAe aura jahAM kisI zramaNa ko dekhe, vahAM isa prakAra kahe-- pra0-'he Arya ! isa upakaraNa ko pahacAnate ho ?' (arthAt yaha ApakA hai ?) u0-vaha kahe-'hAM pahacAnatA hU~' (arthAt hAM yaha merA hai) to usa upakaraNa ko use de de| yadi vaha kahe-'maiM nahIM pahacAnatA huuN|' to usa upakaraNa kA na svayaM upayoga kare aura na anya kisI ko de kintu ekAMta prAsuka (nirjIva) bhUmi para use paraTha de / 14. svAdhyAyabhUmi meM yA uccAra-prasravaNa-bhUmi meM jAte-pAte hue nirgrantha kA koI laghu upakaraNa gira jAe, usa upakaraNa ko yadi koI sArmika zramaNa dekhe to-'jisakA yaha upakaraNa hai, use de dUMgA' isa bhAvanA se lekara jAe aura jahAM kisI zramaNa ko dekhe, vahAM isa prakAra kahe pra0--'he Arya ! isa upakaraNa ko pahacAnate ho ?' u0-vaha kahe-'hAM pahacAnatA hU~'-to usa upakaraNa ko use de de| yadi vaha kahe-'maiM nahIM pahacAnatA hUM to usa upakaraNa kA na svayaM upayoga kare aura na anya kisI ko de kintu ekAnta prAsuka bhUmi para use paraTha de|
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________________ AThavAM uddezaka] [411 15. grAmAnugrAma vihAra karate hue nirgrantha kA koI upakaraNa gira jAe, usa upakaraNa ko yadi koI sArmika zramaNa dekhe aura 'jisakA yaha upakaraNa hai, use de dUMgA' isa bhAvanA se vaha usa upakaraNa ko dUra taka bhI lekara jAe aura jahAM kisI zramaNa ko dekhe, vahAM isa prakAra kahe pra.--'he Arya ! isa upakaraNa ko pahacAnate ho?' u.---vaha kahe--'hAM pahacAnatA hU~ to usa upakaraNa ko use de de| yadi vaha kahe 'maiM nahIM pahacAnatA hU~ to usa upakaraNa kA na svayaM upayoga kare aura na anya kisI ko de, kintu ekAnta prAsuka bhUmi para use paraTha de / vivecana-gocarI, vihAra Adi ke lie jAte-pAte samaya bhikSu kA koI choTA-sA upakaraNa vastrAdi gira jAya aura usI mArga se jAte hue kisI anya bhikSu ko dikha jAya to use uThA lenA cAhie aura yaha anumAna karanA cAhie ki 'yaha upakaraNa kisa kA hai ?' phira una-una bhikSuoM ko vaha upakaraNa dikhAkara pUchanA cAhie aura jisakA ho use de denA caahie| yadi vahAM Asa-pAsa upasthiti sAdhUtroM meM se koI bhI use svIkAra na kare to yadi upakaraNa choTA hai yA adhika upayogI nahIM hai to use paraTha denA cAhie / bar3A upakaraNa rajoharaNAdi hai to kucha dUra taka vihArAdi meM sAtha lekara jAve aura anya sAdhu jahAM mileM, vahAM unase pUcha lenA caahie| yadi usa upakaraNa kA svAmI jJAta na ho sake aura vaha upayogI upakaraNa hai evaM usakI AvazyakatA bhI hai to guru evaM anya gRhastha kI AjJA lekara apane upayoga meM liyA jA sakatA hai / kintu anumAna se pUchatAcha yA gaveSaNA karane ke pUrva evaM prAjJA lene ke pUrva upayoga meM nahIM lenA caahie| koI vastrAdi sAdhu kA mAlUma par3e, parantu vaha gRhastha kA bhI ho sakatA hai, ataH punaH gRhastha kI bhI AjJA lenA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai| sAmAnyatayA to aise ajJAta svAmI ke upakaraNa ko upayoga meM lenA hI nahIM cAhie / kyoMki bAda meM usake svAmI dvArA kleza Adi utpanna hone kI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai| athavA kabhI kisI ne jAnabUjha kara maMtrita karake usa upakaraNa ko mArga meM chor3A ho to bhI upayoga meM lene para ahita ho sakatA hai / yadi vaha prApta upakaraNa acchI sthiti meM hai to use chinna-bhinna karake nahIM paraThanA cAhie / kintu akhaMDa hI kahIM yogya sthAna yA yogya vyakti ke pAsa spaSTIkaraNa karate hue chor3a denA caahie| atirikta pAtra lAne kA vidhAna 16. kappA niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA airegapaDiggahaM aNNamaNNassa aTThAe dUramavi addhANaM pariyahittae, 'so vA gaM dhAressai, ahaM vA NaM dhAressAmi, aNNo vA NaM dhAressai', no se kappai te aNApucchiya, aNAmaMtiya aNNamaNesi dAuM vA aNuppadAuM vaa| kappai se te Apucchiya AmaMtiya aNNamosa vAuM vA aNuppadAuM vaa|
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________________ 412 // [vyavahArasUtra 16. nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko eka-dUsare ke lie adhika pAtra bahuta dUra le jAnA kalpatA hai / 'vaha dhAraNa kara legA, maiM rakha lUgA athavA anya ko AvazyakatA hogI to use de duuNgaa|' isa prakAra jinake nimitta pAtra liyA hai, unheM lene ke lie pUche binA, nimantraNa kiye binA, dUsare ko denA yA nimantraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai / unheM pUchane ke nimantraNa karane ke bAda anya kisI ko denA yA nimantraNa karanA kalpatA hai / vivecana-bhikSu kI pratyeka upadhi kI koI na koI saMkhyA evaM mApa nizcita hotA hai| yadi kiso upadhi kA parimANa Agama meM upalabdha nahIM hotA hai to usake viSaya meM gaNa-samAcArI ke anusAra parimANa kA nirdhAraNa kiyA jAtA hai| pAtra ke viSaya meM saMkhyA kA nirdhAraNa Agama meM spaSTa nahIM hai| niyukti bhASyAdi meM eka pAtra athavA mAtraka sahita do pAtra kA nirdhAraNa milatA hai, kintu Agama se aneka pAtra rakhanA siddha hone se vartamAna gaNa-samAcArI anusAra 4-6 yA aura adhika rakhane kI bhinna-bhinna paraMparAeM pracalita haiN| jisa gaNa kI jo bhI maryAdA hai, usase atirikta pAtra grahaNa karane kA yahAM vidhAna kiyA gayA hai athavA jahAM upalabdha ho vahAM se atirikta pAtra maMgAye jAte haiN| aise pAtra grahaNa karate samaya jisa AcArya-upAdhyAya kA yA vyakti vizeSa kA nirdeza gRhastha ke samakSa kiyA ho, unheM hI pahale denA evaM nimaMtraNa karanA caahie| bAda meM anya kisI ko diyA jA sakatA hai / nizItha u. 14 sU. 5 meM gaNI ke uddeza evaM samuddeza se pAtra grahaNa karane kA varNana hai aura vahIM para sUtra 6-7 meM asamartha ko hI atirikta pAtra dene kA vidhAna hai| ataH atirikta pAtra grahaNa karake kI anumati denA prAcAryAdi gItArthoM ke adhikAra kA viSaya hai| vizeSa varNana ke lie nizItha u. 14 kA vivecana dekheN| AhAra kI UnodarI kA parimANa 17. 1. aTTha kukkuDiaMDagappamANamette kavale AhAraM prAhAremANe appaahaare| 2. duvAlassa kukkuDiaMDagappamANamette kavale AhAraM AhAremANe avaDDhomoriyA / 3. solasa kukkuDiaMDagappamANamette kavale AhAraM AhAremANe dubhAgapatte, addddhomoyriyaa| 4. cauvvIsaM kukkuDiaMDagappamANamette kavale AhAraM pAhAremANe tibhAgapatte, aNsiyaa| 5. egatIsaM kukkuDiaMDagappamANamette kavale AhAraM pAhAremANe kiNcuunnomoyriyaa| 6. battIsaM kukkuDiaMDagappayANamette kavale AhAraM pAhAremANe pamANapatte / 7. etto ekeNa vi kavaleNa UNagaM prAhAraM prAhAremANe samaNe niggaMthe no pakAmabhoi tti vattanvaM siyaa| 17. 1. apane mukhapramANa pATha kavala AhAra karane se alpAhAra kahA jAtA hai| 2. apane mukhapramANa bAraha kavala AhAra karane se kucha adhika ardha UnodarikA kahI jAtI hai|
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________________ AThavAM uddezaka [413 3. apane mukhapramANa solaha kavala AhAra karane se dvibhAgaprApta AhAra aura arddha UnodarI kahI jAtI hai| 4. apane mukhapramANa caubIsa kavala AhAra karane se tribhAgaprApta AhAra aura eka bhAga UnodarikA kahI jAtI hai| 5. apane mukhapramANa ekatIsa kavala AhAra karane se kiMcit UnodarikA kahI jAtI hai| 6. apane mukhapramANa battIsa kavala AhAra karane se pramANa prApta AhAra kahA jAtA hai| isase eka bhI kavala kama pAhAra karane vAlA zramaNa nirgrantha prakAmabhojI nahIM kahA jAtA hai / vivecana-bhagavatIsUtra zataka 7 tathA za. 25 evaM uvavAIsUtra meM bhI UnodarI tapa ke viSaya meM aisA hI kathana hai| 'AhAradravya-UnodarI' ke svarUpa ke sAtha hI vahAM upakaraNa-UnodarI Adi bhedoM kA bhI spaSTIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai / uttarA. a. 30 ke tapa-varNana meM AhAra-UnodarI kA hI kathana kiyA hai| upakaraNa-UnodarI Adi bhedoM kI vivakSA vahAM nahIM kI hai| vahAM para AhAra-UnodarI ke 5 bheda kahe haiM-(1) dravya, (2) kSetra, (3) kAla, (4) bhAva aura (5) paryAya se / (1) dravya se--apanI pUrNa khurAka se kama khAnA / (2) kSetra se grAmAdi kSetra saMbaMdhI abhigraha karanA athavA bhikSAcarI meM bhramaNa karane ke mArga kA peTI Adi cha: AkAra meM abhigraha karanA / (3) kAla se--gocarI lAne va khAne kA prahara, ghaMTA Adi rUpa meM abhigraha karanA / (4) bhAva se-ghara meM rahe padArthoM se yA strI puruSoM ke varNa, vastra-bhAva Adi se abhigraha karanA / (5) paryAya se- uparokta dravyAdi cAra prakAroM meM se eka-eka kA abhigraha karanA una-una bhedoM meM samAviSTa hai aura ina cAra meM se aneka abhigraha eka sAtha karanA 'paryAya UnodarI' hai| prastuta sUtra meM ina pAMcoM meM se prathama dravya UnodarI kA nimna pAMca bhedoM dvArA varNana kiyA hai (1) alpAhAra-eka kavala, do kavala yAvat pATha kavala pramANa AhAra karane para alpAhAra UnodarI hotI hai| (2) apArdha-UnodarI-nava se lekara bAraha kavala athavA pandraha kavala pramANa AhAra karane para prAdhI khurAka se kama AhAra kiyA jAtA hai| use "apArddha UnodarI" kahate haiM, arthAt pahalI alpAhAra rUpa UnodarI hai aura dUsarI AdhI khurAka se kama AhAra karane rUpa UNodarI hai| (3) dvibhAgaprApta UnodarI (arddha UnodarI)-16 kavala pramANa pAhAra karane para arddha khurAka kA AhAra kiyA jAtA hai jo pUrNa khurAka ke cAra bhAga vivakSita karane para do bhAga rUpa hotI hai, ataH ise sUtra meM "dvibhAgaprApta UnodarI" kahA hai aura do bhAga kI UnodarI hone se ise "arddha UnodarI" bhI kaha sakate haiN| (4) tribhAgaprApta-aMsikA UnodarI--24 kavala (27 se 30 kavala) pramANa AhAra karane para tribhAga AhAra hotA hai aura eka bhAga AhAra kI UnodarI hotI hai| isake lie sUtra meM "aMzikA-UnodarI" zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| isameM AhAra ke cAra bhAga meM se tIna bhAga kA pAhAra kiyA jAtA hai, ataH yaha tribhAgaprApta AhArarUpa UnodarI hai| athavA ise 'pAva UnodarI' bhI
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________________ 414] [vyavahArasUtra kaha sakate haiN| isa sthala para lipi doSa se pratiyoM ke pAThabheda ho gaye haiM, ataH yahAM anya AgamoM se pATha sudhArA gayA hai / pratiyoM meM 'promoyarie' 'pattomoyarie' aise pATha upalabdha hote haiN| (5) kicit-UnodarI-31 kavala pramANa pAhAra karane para eka kavala kI hI UnodarI hotI hai jo 32 kavala AhAra kI apekSA alpa hone se 'kiMcit UnodarI' kahA gayA hai / sUtra ke aMtima aMza se yaha spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki ina pAMca meM se kisI bhI prakAra kI UnodarI karane vAlA bhikSu prakAmabhojI (bharapeTa khAne vAlA) nahIM hotaa| 32 kavala rUpa pUrNa AhAra karane vAlA pramANaprAptabhojI kahA gayA hai / usake kiMcit bhI UnodarI nahIM hotI hai| bhikSu ko indriyasaMyama evaM brahmacaryasamAdhi ke lie sadA UnodarI tapa karanA Avazyaka hai, athAt use kabhI bharapeTa AhAra nahIM karanA caahie| AcA. zru. 1 a. 9 u. 4 meM bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI ke AhAra-vihAra kA varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki bhagavAn svastha avasthA meM bhI sadA UnodarItapa yukta AhAra karate the / yathA promoyariyaM cAei apuche vi bhagavaM rogehiM / gA. 1 nIti meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki saMta satI ne sUramA, cauthI vidhavA naar| aitA to bhUkhA bhalA dhAyA kare utpAta // sUtra meM kavalapramANa ko spaSTa karane ke lie 'kukkuTiaMDakapramANa' aisA vizeSaNa lagAyA gayA hai| isa viSaya meM vyAkhyAgranthoM meM isa prakAra spaSTIkaraNa kiye gae haiM-- (1) nijakasyAhArasya sadA yo dvAtriMzattamo bhAgo tat kukkuTIpramANe--apanI AhAra kI mAtrA kA jo sadA battIsavAM bhAga hotA hai, vaha kukkuTIaMDakapramANa prarthAt usa dina kA kavala kahA jAtA hai (2) kutsitA kuTI-kukkuTI shriirmityrthH| tasyAH zarIrarUpAyAH kukkuTyA aMDakamiva aMDakaM mukhaM azuci maya yaha zarIra hI kukuTI hai, usakA jo mukha hai vaha kukuTI kA aMDaka kahA gayA hai| (3) yAvatpramANamAtreNa kavalena mukhe prakSipyamANena mukhaM na vikRtaM bhavati tatsthalaM kukkuTaaMDaka-pramANam-jitanA bar3A kavala mukha meM rakhane para mukha vikRta na dikhe utane pramANa kA eka kavala samajhanA cAhie / usa kavala ke samAveza ke liye jo mukha kA bhItarI AkAra banatA hai, use kukkuTIaMDakapramANa samajhanA cAhie / (4) ayamanyaH vikalpaH kukkuTa aMDakopame kavale--athavA kukaDI ke aMDe ke pramANa jitanA kavala, yaha bhI artha kA eka vikalpa hai| -'UNoyariyA' -abhi. rA. koSa bhA. 2, pR. 1182 uparyukta vyAkhyAsthaloM para vicAra karane se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki 'kukkuDiaDaMga' itanA zabda na hone para bhI sUtrAzaya spaSTa ho jAtA hai aura yaha zabda bhramotpAdaka bhI hai, ata: yaha zabda kabhI
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________________ AThavAM uddezaka] 415 kisI ke dvArA prakSipta kiyA gayA ho aura vyAkhyAkAroM ne ise maulika pATha samajha kara jyoM-tyoM karake saMgati karane kI koziza kI ho| vyAkhyA meM yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki eka dina pUrNa pAhAra karane vAlA 'prakAmabhojI' hai, aneka dina pUrNa pAhAra karane vAlA 'nikAmabhojI' hai aura 32 kavala se bhI adhika khAne vAlA 'atibhojI hai| yahAM eka prazna upasthita hotA hai ki battIsa kavala ke prAhAra se jo saMpUrNa mApa kahA gayA hai vaha pratyeka bAra ke bhojana kI apekSA se hai yA aneka bAra ke bhojana kI apekSA se ? tathA dUdha, chAcha Adi peya padArthoM kA samAveza ina 32 kavala meM kisa prakAra hotA hai ? samAdhAna-prAcArazAstroM ke avalokana se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki dina meM eka bAra bhojana karanA hI bhikSu kA zuddha utsarga prAcAra hai / AgamoM meM aneka jagaha anya samaya meM AhAra karane kA jo vidhAna hai, use ApavAdika vidhAna samajhanA cAhie / ApavAdika AcaraNa ko sadA ke lie pravRtti rUpa meM svIkAra kara lenA zithilAcAra hai| ataH kAraNavaza aneka bAra yA subaha zAma AhAra karanA hI apavAdamArga hai| utsargamArga to eka bAra khAne kA hI hai| ataH prAgamokta eka bAra ke prautsargika AhAra karane kI apekSA yaha vidhAna hai| jitane AhAra se peTa pUrNa bhara jAya, pUrNa tRpti ho jAya athavA jisase bhUkha rahane kA yA aura kucha khAne kA mana na ho, aisI saMpUrNa mAtrA ko 32 kavala meM vibhAjita kara lenA cAhie / isameM dUdha roTI phala Adi sabhI ko samAviSTa samajhanA caahie| anumAna se jitane-jitane kavala pramANa bhUkha rakhI jAya, utanI-utanI UnodarI samajhanI caahie| samAnyatayA utsargamArga se bhikSu kA prAhAra vigayarahita hotA hai, ataH roTI Adi kI apekSA 32 kavala samajhanA aura bhI sarala ho jAtA hai| isI ke AdhAra se yaha phalita hotA hai ki kAraNa se aneka bAra kiye jAne vAle AhAra kA kula yoga 32 kavala honA cAhie / ataH aneka bAra AhAra karanA ho to 32 kavaloM ko vibhAjita karake samajha lenA cAhie / aneka dinoM taka eka vakta vigayarahita sAmAnya AhAra karake kula khurAka kA mApa roTI kI saMkhyA meM kAyama kiyA jA sakatA hai| sUtra 1 2-4 ___ AThaveM uddezaka kA sArAMza sthavira guru Adi kI AjJA se zayanAsanabhUmi grahaNa karanA / pATa Adi eka hAtha se uThAkara saralatA se lAyA jA sake, vaisA hI lAnA / usakI gaveSaNA tIna dina taka kI jA sakatI hai aura sthaviravAsa ke anukUla pATa kI gaveSaNA pAMca dina taka kI jA sakatI hai evaM adhika dUra se bhI lAyA jA sakatA hai| ekalavihArI vRddha bhikSu ke yadi aneka prakAra ke propagrahika upakaraNa hoM to unheM bhikSAcArI yAdi jAte samaya kisI kI dekharekha meM chor3akara jAnA evaM punaH Akara use sUcita karake grahaNa karanA /
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________________ 416] [vyavahArasUtra sUtra 6.9 kisI gRhastha kA zayyA-saMstAraka Adi anya upAzraya (makAna) meM le jAnA ho to usakI puna: prAjJA lenaa| kabhI alpakAla ke lie koI pATa Adi upAzraya meM hI chor3a diyA ho to use grahaNa karane ke liye punaH AjJA lenA, kintu binA prAjJA grahaNa nahIM krtaa| kyoMki use apanI nizrA se kucha samaya ke lie chor3a diyA gayA hai| 10-12 ___ makAna pATa Adi kI pahale aAjJA lenA bAda meM grahaNa karanA / kabhI durlabha zayyA kI paristhiti meM vivekapUrvaka pahale grahaNa karake phira AjJA lI jA sakatI hai / 13-15 calate samaya mArga meM kisI bhikSu kA upakaraNa gira jAya aura anya bhikSu ko mila jAya to pUchatAcha kara jisakA ho use de denA / koI bhI use svIkAra na kare to paraTha denaa| rajoharaNAdi bar3e upakaraNa hoM, to adhika dUra bhI le jAnA aura pUchatAcha krnaa| atirikta pAtra prAcAryAdi ke nirdeza se grahaNa kie hoM to unheM hI denA yA supurda karanA / jise dene kI icchA ho, unheM svataH hI nahIM denA / jisakA nAma nirdeza karake liyA ho to AcArya kI AjJA lekara pahale use hI denaa| sadA kucha na kucha UnodarI tapa karanA caahie| UnodarI karane vAlA prakAmabhojI nahIM kahA jAtA haiN| upasaMhAra isa uddezaka meMsUtra 1-4, 6-12 zayanAsana pATa grAdi ke grahaNa karane Adi kA, ekAkI vRddha sthavira kA, 13-15 khoe gae upakaraNoM kA, 16 atirikta pAtra lAne dene kA, AhAra kI UnodarI kA, ityAdi viSayoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| // AThavAM uddezaka samApta //
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________________ nAma uddezaka zayyAtara ke pAhuNe, naukara evaM jJAtijana ke nimitta se bane AhAra ke lene kA vidhi-niSedha 1. sAgAriyassa Aese anto vagaDAe bhujae, niTThie nisaTThe pADihArie, tamhA dAvae, no se kappai pddiggaahette| 2. sAgAriyassa pAese aMto vagaDAe bhujae, niTThie nisaTTe apADihArie, tamhA dAvae evaM se kappai pddiggaahette| 3. sAgAriyassa pAese bAhiM vagaDAe bhujai, niTThie nisaThe pADihArie, tamhA dAvae, no se kappai pddiggaahette| 4. sAgAriyassa pAese bAhiM vagaDAe bhujai, nidie nisaTTe apADihArie, tamhA dAvae evaM se kappai pddiggaahette| 5. sAgAriyassa dAse vA, pese vA, bhayae vA, bhaiNNae vA aMto vagaDAe bhujai nidie nisaThe pADihArie, tamhA dAvae no se kappai pddiggaahette| 6. sAgAriyassa bAse vA, pese vA, bhayae vA, bhaiNNae vA anto vagaDAe bhujai, niTie nisaTTe apADihArie, tamhA dAvae evaM se kappai pddiggaahette| 7. sAgAriyassa dAse vA, pese vA, bhayae vA, bhaiNNae vA bAhiM bagaDAe bhujai, niTThie nisaTTe pADihArie, tamhA vAvae no se kappai paDiggAhettae / 8. sAgAriyassa dAse vA, pese vA, bhayae vA, bhaiNNae vA bAhiM vagaDAe bhujai, niTThie nisaTThe apADihArie, tamhA dAvae, evaM se kappai pddiggaahette| 9. sAgAriyassa NAyae siyA sAgAriyassa egavagaDAe aMto sAgAriyassa egapayAe, sAgAriyaM covajIvai, tamhA dAvae no se kappai paDiggAhettae / 10. sAgAriyassa NAyae siyA sAgAriyassa egavagaDAe aMto sAgAriyassa abhinipayAe sAgAriyaM covajIvai, tamhA dAvae no se kappai paDiggAhettae / 11. sAgAriyassa NAyae siyA sAgAriyassa egavagaDAe bAhiM sAgAriyassa egapayAe sAgAriyaM covajIvai, tamhA dAvae no se kappai pddiggaahette|
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________________ 418] [vyavahArasUtra 12. sAgAriyassa NAyae siyA sAgAriyassa egavagaDAe bAhiM sAgAriyassa abhinipayAe sAgAriyaM covajIvai, tamhA dAvae no se kappai pddiggaahette| 13. sAgAriyassa gAyae siyA sAgAriyassa abhinivvagaDAe egaduvArAe eganikkhamaNapavesAe aMto sAgAriyassa egapayAe sAgAriyaM covajIvai tamhA dAvae no se kappai paDiggAhettae / 14. sAgAriyassa gAyae siyA sAgAriyassa abhinivvagaDAe egaduvArAe eganikkhamaNapavesAe aMto sAgAriyassa abhinipayAe sAgAriyaM covajIvai tamhA dAvae no se kappai pddiggaahette| 15. sAgAriyassa NAyae siyA sAgAriyassa abhinivvagaDAe egaduvArAe eganikkhamaNapavesAe bAhiM sAgAriyassa egapayAe sAgAriyaM covajIvai, tamhA vAvara no se kappai pddiggaahette| 16. sAgAriyassa NAyae siyA sAgAriyassa abhinivvagaDAe egaduvArAe eganikkhamaNa-pavesAe bAhiM sAgAriyassa abhinipayAe sAgAriyaM covajIvai, tamhA dAvae no se kappai pddiggaahette| 1. zayyAtara ke yahAM kisI prAgantuka ke liye pAhAra banAyA gayA ho, use prAtihArika diyA gayA ho, vaha usake ghara ke bhItarI bhAga meM jImatA ho, usa AhAra meM se vaha Agantuka de to sAdhu ko lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| 2. zayyAtara ke yahAM kisI Agantuka ke liye AhAra banAyA gayA ho, use aprAtiharika diyA gayA ho, vaha usake ghara ke bhItarI bhAga meM jImatA ho, usa AhAra meM se vaha Agantuka de to sAdhu ko lenA kalpatA hai| 3. zayyAtara ke yahAM kisI Agantuka ke liye AhAra banAyA gayA ho, use khAne ke lie prAtihArika diyA gayA ho, vaha usake ghara ke bAhyabhAga meM jImatA ho, usa AhAra meM se vaha Agantuka de to sAdhu ko lenA nahIM kalpatA hai / 4. zayyAtara ke yahAM kisI Agantuka ke liye ghara ke bAhyabhAga meM prAhAra banAyA gayA ho, use khAne ke liye aprAtihArika diyA gayA ho, vaha usake ghara ke bAhyabhAga meM jImatA ho, usa AhAra meM se vaha Agantuka de to sAdhu ko lenA kalpatA hai / 5. zayyAtara ke dAsa, preSya, bhRtaka aura naukara ke lie AhAra banA ho, use prAtihArika diyA gayA ho, vaha usake ghara ke bhItarI bhAga meM jImatA ho, usa grAhAra meM se vaha sAdhu ko de to lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| 6. zayyAtara ke dAsa, preSya, bhRtaka aura naukara ke lie AhAra banA ho, use aprAtihArika diyA gayA ho, vaha usake ghara ke bhItarI bhAga meM jImatA ho, usa pAhAra meM se vaha sAdhu ko de to lenA kalpatA hai| 7. zayyAtara ke dAsa, preSya, bhRtaka aura naukara ke lie AhAra banA ho, use prAtihArika
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________________ navama uddezaka] [419 diyA gayA ho, vaha ghara ke bAhyabhAga meM jImatA ho, usa AhAra meM se vaha sAdhu ko de to lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| 8. zayyAtara ke dAsa, preSya, bhataka aura naukara ke lie AhAra banA ho, use aprAtihArika diyA gayA ho, vaha ghara ke bAhyabhAga meM jImatA ho, usa AhAra meM se vaha sAdhu ko de to lenA kalpatA hai| 9. sAgArika (zayyAtara) kA svajana sAgArika ke ghara meM sAgArika ke eka hI cUlhe para sAgArika kI hI sAmagrI se AhAra niSpanna kara jIvana nirvAha karatA hai| yadi vaha usa AhAra meM se nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko detA hai to unheM lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| 10. sAgArika kA svajana yadi sAgArika ke ghara meM hI sAgArika ke cUlhe se bhinna cUlhe para sAgArika kI hI sAmagrI se AhArAdi niSpanna kara jIvana nirvAha karatA hai| yadi vaha usa AhAra meM se nimrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko detA hai to unheM lenA nahIM kalpatA hai / 11. sAgArika kA svajana sAgArika ke ghara ke bAhya vibhAga meM sAgArika ke hI cUlhe para sAgArika kI hI sAmagrI se AhAra niSpanna kara usase jIvana nirvAha karatA hai / yadi vaha usa pAhAra meM se nirgrantha-nirganthiyoM ko detA hai to unheM lenA nahIM kalpatA hai / 12. sAgArika kA svajana sAgArika ke ghara ke bAhyavibhAga meM sAgArika ke cUlhe se bhinna cUlhe para sAgArika kI hI sAmagrI se AhAra niSpanna kara usase jIvananirvAha karatA hai| yadi vaha usa pAhAra meM se nirgrantha-nimranthiyoM ko detA hai to unheM lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| 13. sAgArika kA svajana sAgArika ke ghara ke bhinna gRhavibhAga meM tathA eka niSkramaNa-praveza dvAra vAle gaha meM sAgArika ke hI cUlhe para sAgArika kI hI sAmagrI se AhAra niSpanna kara usase jIvana nirvAha karatA hai / yadi vaha usa AhAra meM se nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko detA hai to unheM lenA nahIM kalpatA hai / 14. sAgArika kA svajana sAgArika ke ghara ke bhinna gRhavibhAga meM tathA eka niSkramaNa-pravezadvAra vAle gRha meM sAgArika ke cUlhe se bhinna cUlhe para sAgArika kI hI sAmagrI se AhAra niSpanna kara usase jIvana nirvAha karatA hai| yadi vaha usa AhAra meM se nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko de to unheM lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| 15. sAgArika kA svajana sAgArika ke gRha ke vibhinnagRhavibhAga meM tathA eka niSkramaNapraveza-dvAra vAle gRha ke bAhya bhAga meM sAgArika ke cUlhe para sAgArika kI hI sAmagrI se pAhAra niSpanna kara usase jIvananirvAha karatA hai / yadi vaha usa AhAra meM se nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko detA hai to unheM lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| 16. sAgArika kA svajana sAgArika ke gRha ke bhinna gRha vibhAga meM tathA eka niSkramaNa-pravezadvAra vAle gRha ke bAhyabhAga meM sAgArika ke cUlhe se bhinna cUlhe para sAgArika kI hI sAmagrI se AhAra
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________________ 420] [vyavahArasUtra niSpanna kara usase jovananirvAha karatA hai| yadi vaha usa pAhAra meM se nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko detA hai to unheM lenA nahIM kalpatA hai / vivecana-zayyAtara kA aAhAra pAhuNoM (mehamAnoM) ke evaM naukaroM ko niyata kiye anusAra paripUrNa de diyA gayA ho to usameM se bhikSu grahaNa kara sakatA hai / yadi pAhuNoM ko yA naukaroM ko thor3A-thor3A diyA jA rahA hai evaM AvazyakatA hone para ve punaH le sakate haiM aura avazeSa rahane para lauTA bhI sakate haiM, aisA AhAra sAdhu nahIM le sakatA hai| zayyAtara ke sahayoga se hI jo jJAtijana jIvana vyatIta karate hoM arthAt unakA sampUrNa kharca zayyAtara hI detA ho to bhikSu usake AhAra ko grahaNa nahIM kara sakatA / yahI artha (9 se 16) pATha sUtroM meM kahA gayA hai / prAzaya yaha hai ki ve jJAtijana zayyAtara ke ghara ke andara yA bAhara kisI cUlhe para bhojana banAveM evaM usakA caukA alaga ho yA zAmila ho, kisI bhI vikalpa meM usakA AhArAdi nahIM kalpatA hai| - isase yaha tAtparya samajhanA cAhie ki zayyAtara ke jJAtijana yA anya ko maryAdita kharca diyA jAtA ho aura ghaTa-badha kA jimmevAra vaha zayyAtara nahIM ho to unakA AhArAdi grahaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| zayyAtarapiMDa saMbaMdhI anya jAnakArI nizItha u. 2, bRhatkalpa u. 2, dazA. da. 2 evaM vyava. u. 6 meM dekheN| zayyAtara ke bhAgIdArI vAlI vikrayazAlAoM se AhAra lene kA vidhi-niSedha 17. sAgAriyassa cakkiyAsAlA sAhAraNavakkaya-pauttA, tamhA dAvae no se kappai pddiggaahette| 18. sAgAriyassa cakkiyAsAlA nissAhAraNa-vakkaya-pauttA, tamhA dAvae evaM se no kappar3a pddiggaahette| 19. sAgAriyassa goliyasAlA sAhAraNavakkaya-pauttA, tamhA dAvae, no se kappar3a pddiggaahette| 20. sAgAriyassa goliyasAlA nissAhAraNavakkaya-pauttA, tamhA dAvae, evaM se kappai pddiggaahette| 21. sAgAriyassa bodhiyasAlA sAhAraNavakkaya-pauttA, tamhA dAvae, no se kappai pddiggaahette| 22. sAgAriyassa bodhiyasAlA nissAhAraNavakkaya-pauttA, tamhA dAvae evaM se kappA pddiggaahette|
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________________ navama uddezaka] [421 23. sAgAriyassa dosiyasAlA sAhAraNavakkaya-pauttA, tamhA dAvae, no se kappai pddiggaahette| 24. sAgAriyassa dosiyasAlA nissAhAraNavakkaya-pauttA, tamhA dAvae, evaM se kappai pddiggaahette| 25. sAgAriyassa sottiyasAlA sAhAraNavakkaya-pauttA, tamhA dAvae, no se kappai pddiggaahette| 26. sAgAriyassa sottiyasAlA nissAhAraNavakkaya-pauttA, tamhA dAvae evaM se kappai pddiggaahette| 27. sAgAriyassa boMDiyasAlA sAhAraNavakkaya-pauttA, tamhA dAvae, no se kappar3a pddigmaahette| 28. sAgAriyassa boMDiyasAlA nissAhAraNavakkaya-pauttA, tamhA dAvae, evaM se kappai pddiggaahette| 29. sAgAriyassa gaMdhiyasAlA sAhAraNavakkaya-pauttA, tamhA dAvae, no se kappai pddiggaahette| 30. sAgAriyassa gaMdhiyasAlA nissAhAraNavakkaya-pauttA, tamhA dAvae evaM se kappai pddiggaahette| 31. sAgAriyassa soMDiyasAlA sAhAraNavakkaya-pauttA, tamhA dAvae, no se kappA pddiggaahette| 32. sAgAriyassa soMDiyasAlA nissAhAraNavakkaya-pauttA, tamhA dAvae, evaM se kappai pddiggaahette| 33. sAgAriyassa osahIo saMthaDAo, tamhA dAvae, no se kappai pddiggaahette| 34. sAgAriyassa prosahIno asaMthaDAo, tamhA dAvae evaM se kappai pddiggaahette| 35. sAgAriyassa ambaphalA saMthaDAo, tamhA dAvae, no se kappai paDiggAhettae / 36. sAgAriyassa ambaphalA asaMthaDA, tamhA dAvae evaM se kappai pddiggaahette| 17. sAgArika (zayyAtara) kI hissedArI vAlI cakrikAzAlA (tela kI dukAna) meM se sAgArika kA sAjhIdAra nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko tela detA hai to unheM lenA nahIM kalpatA hai|
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________________ 422] [vyavahArasUtra 18. sAgArika kI sIra (hissedArI) vAlI tela kI dukAna meM se sAgArika kA sAjhIdAra sAgarika ke binA sIra kA tela detA hai to sAdhu ko lenA kalpatA hai| 19. sAgArika ke sIra vAlI gur3a kI dukAna meM se sAgArika kA sAjhIdAra nirgranthanirgranthiyoM ko gur3a detA hai to unheM lenA nahIM kalpatA hai / 20. sAgArika ke sIra vAlI gur3a kI dukAna meM se sAgArika kA sAjhIdAra sAgArika ke binA sIra kA gur3a detA hai to sAdhu ko lenA kalpatA hai| 21. sAgArika ke sIra vAlI bodhiyazAlA (kirANe kI dukAna) meM se sAgArika kA sAjhIdAra nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko kirANe kI vastu detA hai to unheM lenA nahIM kalpatA hai / 22. sAgArika ke sIra vAlI kirANe kI dukAna meM se sAgArika kA sAjhIdAra sAgArika ke binA sIra kI kirANe kI vastu detA hai to unheM lenA kalpatA hai| 23. sAgArika ke sIra vAlI dosiyazAlA (kapar3e kI dukAna) meM se sAgArika kA sAjhIdAra nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko vastra detA hai to unheM lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| 24. sAgArika ke sIra vAlI kapar3e kI dukAna meM se sAgArika kA sAjhIdAra sAgArika ke binA sIra kA kapar3A detA hai to sAdhu ko lenA kalpatA hai| 25. sAgArika ke sIra vAlI sUta (dhAge) kI dukAna meM se sAgArika kA sAjhIdAra nimranthanirgranthiyoM ko sUta detA hai to unheM lenA nahIM kalpatA hai / 26. sAgArika ke sIra vAlI sUta kI dukAna meM se sAgArika kA sAjhIdAra sAgArika ke binA sIra kA sUta detA hai to sAdhu ko lenA kalpatA hai| 27. sAgArika ke sIra vAlI boDiyazAlA (rUI kI dukAna) meM se sAgArika kA sAjhIdAra nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko rUI detA hai to unheM lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| 28. sAgArika ke sIra vAlI rUI kI dukAna meM se sAgArika kA sAjhIdAra sAgArika ke binA sIra kI rUI detA hai to lenA kalpatA hai / 29. sAgArika ke sIra vAlI gandhiyazAlA meM se sAgArika kA sAjhIdAra nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko sugandhita padArtha detA hai to unheM lenA nahIM kalpatA hai / 30. sAgArika ke sIra vAlI gandhiyazAlA meM se sAgArika kA sAjhIdAra sAg2Arika ke binA sIra kA sugandhita padArtha detA hai to sAdhu ko lenA kalpatA hai| 31. sAgArika ke sIra vAlI miSThAnnazAlA meM se sAgArika kA sAjhIdAra nirgranthanirgranthiyoM ko miThAI detA hai to lenA nahIM kalpatA hai /
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________________ navama uddezaka] 32. sAgArika ke sIra vAlI miSThAnnazAlA meM se sAgArika kA sAjhIdAra sAgArika ke binA sIra kI miThAI detA hai to unheM lenA kalpatA hai| 33. sAgArika ke sIra vAlI bhojanazAlA meM se sAgArika kA sAjhIdAra nirgranthanirgranthiyoM ko AhAra detA hai to lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| 34. sAgArika ke sIra vAlI bhojanazAlA se sAgArika kA sAjhIdAra baMTavAre meM prApta khAdya sAmagrI meM se detA hai to sAdhu ko lenA kalpatA hai / 35. sAgArika ke sIra vAle aAmra Adi phaloM meM se sAgArika kA sAjhIdAra nirgranthanirgranthiyoM ko aAmrAdi detA hai to unheM lenA nahIM kalpatA hai / 36. sAgArika ke sIra vAle AmrAdi phaloM meM se sAgArika kA sAjhIdAra baMTavAre meM prApta Amra Adi phala yadi nimrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko detA hai to unheM lenA kalpatA hai / vivecana-pUrva sUtroM meM zayyAtarapiMDa gharoM meM se lene, na lene kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai aura ina sUtroM meM vikrayazAlA arthAt dukAnoM meM se khAdyapadArtha yA anya vastrAdi lene, na lene kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| ina sUtroM kA Azaya yaha hai ki zayyAtara evaM azayyAtara (anya gRhastha) kI sAmUhika vikrayazAlA kabhI-koI vibhAjita vasta meM zayyAtara kA svAmitva na ho yA koI padArtha anya gRhastha ke svatantra svAmitva kA ho to use grahaNa karane para zayyAtarapiMDa kA doSa nahIM lagatA hai| ataH sUtrokta dukAnoM se ve padArtha gRhastha ke nimantraNa karane para yA Avazyaka hone para vivekapUrvaka grahaNa kiye jA sakate haiN| sUtragata vikrayazAlA ke padArtha isa prakAra haiM (1) tela Adi, (2) gur3a Adi, (3) anAja kirANA ke koI acitta padArtha, (4) vastra, (5) sUta, (dhAge), (6) kapAsa (rUI), (7) sugaMdhita tela itrAdi (glAna hetu auSadha rUpa meM), (8) miSThAnna (9) bhojanasAmagrI (10) AmrAdi acitta phala (ubale hue yA guThalI rahita khaNDa) / ina sUtroM se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki sAdhu-sAdhvI gharoM ke atirikta kabhI kahIM dukAna se bhI kalpyavastu grahaNa kara sakate haiN| dazava. a. 5 u.1 gA. 72 meM bhI raja se yukta khAdyapadArtha hoM to vikrayazAlA se lene kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai, arthAt rajarahita hoM to ve grahaNa kie jA sakate haiN| yahAM TIkAkAra ne spaSTa kiyA hai ki kSetra, kAla, vyakti evaM janasAdhAraNa ke vAtAvaraNa kA avazya hI viveka rakhanA cAhie / anyathA dukAnoM se padArtha grahaNa karane meM sAdhu kI yA jinazAsana kI hIlanA ho sakatI hai| "soDiyasAlA---"sukhaDo" tiprasiddhamiSThAnnavikrayazAlA kAMdavikApaNa ityarthaH-- kaMdoI kI dukaan| -ni. bhASya (ghAsI.)
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________________ 424] [vyavahArasUtra bhASyAdi meM "madyazAlA" artha kiyA hai, kintu sAdhu-sAdhviyoM kA madya-mAMsa se koI samparka hI nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki ve padArtha Agama meM naraka ke kAraNabhUta kahe gaye haiM / ataH uparyukta artha hI saMgata hai| isa viSaya kI adhika jAnakArI nizItha u. 19 sU. 1 ke vivecana meM dekheN| saptasaptatikA Adi bhikSupratimAeM 37. satta-sattamiyA NaM bhikkhupaDimA egaNapannAe rAiMdiehi egeNaM channaueNaM bhikkhAsaeNaM ahAsuttaM jAva ANAe aNupAlittA bhavai / 38. aTTha-aTThamiyA NaM bhikkhupaDimA causaTThIe rAidiehiM dohi ya aTTAsiehi bhikkhAsahi ahAsutaM jAva ANAe aNapAlittA bhavai / 39. nava-navamiyA NaM bhikkhupaDimA egAsIe rAiviehi cahi ya paMcuttahiM bhikkhAsaehi ahAsuttaM jAva prANAe aNupAlittA bhavai / 40. dasa-dasamiyA NaM bhikkhupaDimA egeNaM rAiMdiyasaeNaM addhachohi ya bhikkhAsahi jAva ANAe aNupAlittA bhavai / 37. saptasaptamikA-sapta-saptadivasIya bhikSupratimA unacAsa ahorAtra meM eka sau chiyAnavai bhikSAdattiyoM se sUtrAnusAra yAvat jinAjJA ke anusAra pAlana kI jAtI hai / 38, aTTaaTTamiyA-aSTa-aSTadivasIya bhikSupratimA causaTha ahorAtra meM do sau aThAsI bhikSAdattiyoM se sUtrAnusAra yAvat jinAjJA ke anusAra pAlana kI jAtI hai| 39. navanavamiyA-nau-naudivasIya bhikSupratimA ikyAsI ahorAtra meM cAra sau pAMca bhikSAdattiyoM se sUtrAnusAra yAvat jinAjJA ke anusAra pAlana kI jAtI hai / 40. dasadasamiyA daza-dazadivasIya bhikSupratimA sau ahorAtra meM pAMca sau pacAsa bhikSAdattiyoM se sUtrAnusAra yAvat jinAjJA ke anusAra pAlana kI jAtI hai| vivecana-ina sUtroM meM cAra pratimAnoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai, jinakI ArAdhanA sAdhusAdhvI donoM hI kara sakate haiN| aMtagaDasUtra ke AThaveM varga meM sukRSNA prAryA dvArA ina bhikSupratimAnoM ko ArAdhanA karane kA varNana hai| ina pratimAoM meM sAdhvI bhI svayaM apanI gocarI lAtI hai, jisameM nirdhArita dinoM taka bhikSAdatti kI maryAdA kA pAlana kiyA jAtA hai| ina pratimAoM meM nirdhArita dattiyoM se kama dattiyAM grahaNa kI jA sakatI haiM yA anazana tapasyA bhI kI jA sakatI hai| kintu kisI bhI kAraNa se maryAdA se adhika datti grahaNa nahIM kI jA sakatI hai|
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________________ navama uddezaka] [425 ina pratimAnoM meM upavAsa Adi tapa karanA Avazyaka nahIM hotA hai, svAbhAvika hI prAyaH sadA UnodarI tapa ho jAtA hai / saptasaptatikA bhikSapratimA-prathama sAta dina taka eka-eka datti, dUsare sAta dina taka do-do datti, yoM kramazaH sAtaveM saptaka meM sAta-sAta datti grahaNa kI jAtI hai / isa prakAra sAta saptaka ke 49 dina hote haiM aura bhikSAdatti kI kula adhikatama saMkhyA 196 hotI hai / ye dattiyAM pAhAra kI apekSA se haiM / pAnI kI apekSA bhI itanI hI dattiyAM samajha lenI caahie| isI prakAra aSTapraSTamikA bhikSapratimA-pATha aSTaka se 64 dinoM meM pUrNa kI jAtI hai / jisameM prathama pATha dina meM eka datti AhAra kI evaM eka hI datti pAnI kI lI jAtI hai / isa prakAra bar3hAte hue pAThaveM aSTaka meM pratidina pATha datti AhAra kI evaM ATha datti pAnI kI lI jA sakatI hai| isa prakAra kula 64 dina aura 288 bhikSAdatti ho jAtI haiN| isI prakAra "navanavamikA" aura dasavasamikApratimA-ke bhI sUtrokta dina aura dattiyoM kA pramANa samajha lenA caahie| bRhatkalpa u. 5 meM sAdhvI ko akele gocarI jAne kA bhI niSedha kiyA hai / ataH ina pratimAnoM meM svatantra gocarI lAne vAlI sAdhvI ke sAtha anya sAdhviyoM ko rakhanA Avazyaka hai, kintu gocarI to vaha svayaM hI karatI hai| ina pratimAoM ko bhI sUtra meM "bhikSupratimA" zabda se hI sUcita kiyA gayA hai / phira bhI inako dhAraNa karane meM bAraha bhikSupratimAoM ke samAna pUrvo kA jJAna yA viziSTa saMhanana kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI hai| moka-pratimA-vidhAna 41. do paDimAo paNNattAno, taM jahA-1. khuDDiyA vA moyapaDimA, 2. mahalliyA vA moyapaDimA / khuDDiyaM NaM moyapaDimaM paDivanassa aNagArassa kappai paDhama-saraya-kAlasamayaMsi vA carimanidAha-kAlasamayaMsi vA, bahiyA gAmassa vA jAva rAyahANIe vA varNasi vA vaNaduggaMsi vA panvayaMsi vA pavyayaduggaMsi vA / bhoccA Arubhai, coisameNaM pArei, abhoccA Arubhai, solasameNa pArei / jAejAe moe Agacchai, tAe-tAe AIyavve / diyA prAgacchai AIyavve, ratti prAgacchai no AIyavve / sapANe matte Agacchai no pAIyagve, apANe matte Agacchaha AIyabve / sabIe matte Agacchai no AIyanve, abIe matte Agacchai AIyavve / sasaNiddhe bhatte prAgacchada no AIyavve asasaNiddhe matte pAgacchai AIyaTve / sasarakkhe matte Agacchai no prAIyanve, asasarakkhe matte Agacchada AIyagve / jAvaiejAvaie moe Agacchai, tAvaie-tAvaie savve AIyadhve, taM jahA--appe vA, bahue vA / evaM khalu esA khuDDiyA moyapaDimA ahAsuttaM jAva ANAe aNupAlittA bhavai / 42. mahalliyaM NaM moyapaDimaM paDivanassa aNagArassa kappai paDhama-saraya-kAlasamayaMsi vA, carama-nidAha-kAlasamayaMsi vA, bahiyA gAmassa vA jAva rAyahANie vA vaNaMsi vA vaNaduggasi vA
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________________ [vyavahArasUtra hIM pInA pamvayaMsi vA panvayadurgasi vA, bhoccA Arubhai, solasameNaM pArei, abhoccA prArubhai, aTThArasameNaM pArei / jAe-jAe moe prAgacchai, tAe-tAe AIyavve / diyA Agacchai prAIyabve, ratti prAgacchai no AIyabve jAva evaM khalu esA mahalliyA moyapaDimA ahAsutaM jAva ANAe aNupAlittA bhavai / 41. do pratimAeM kahI gaI haiM, yathA--1. choTI prasravaNapratimA, 2. bar3I prasravaNapratimA / choTI prasravaNapratimA zaratkAla ke prArambha meM athavA grISmakAla ke anta meM grAma ke bAhara yAvat rAjadhAnI ke bAhara vana meM yA vanadurga meM, parvata para yA parvatadurga meM anagAra ko dhAraNa karanA kalpatA hai| yadi vaha bhojana karake usa dina isa pratimA ko dhAraNa karatA hai to chaha upavAsa se ise pUrNa karatA hai / yadi bhojana kiye binA arthAt upavAsa ke dina isa pratimA ko dhAraNa karatA hai to sAta upavAsa se ise pUrNa karatA hai / isa pratimA meM bhikSu ko jitanI bAra mUtra Ave utanI bAra pI lenA caahie| dina meM Ave to pInA cAhie, kintu rAta meM Ave to nahIM pInA ddaahie| kRmiyukta pAve to nahIM pInA cAhie, kintu kRmirahita yAve to pInA cAhie / vIryasahita pAve te cAhie, kintu vIryarahita Ave to pInA caahie| cikanAIsahita Ave to nahIM pInA cAhie, kintu cikanAIrahita Ave to pInA caahie| raja (raktakaNa) sahita Ave to nahIM pInA cAhie, kintu rajarahita pAve to pInA caahie| jitanA-jitanA mUtra Ave utanA-utanA saba pI lenA cAhie, vaha alpa ho yA adhik| isa prakAra yaha choTI prasravaNapratimA sUtrAnusAra yAvat jinAjJAnusAra pAlana kI jAtI hai| 42. bar3I prasravaNapratimA zaratkAla ke prArambha meM yA grISmakAla ke anta meM grAma ke bAhara yAvat rAjadhAnI ke bAhara vana meM yA vanadurga meM, parvata para yA parvatadurga meM anagAra ko dhAraNa karanA kalpatA hai / yadi vaha bhojana karake usI dina isa pratimA ko dhAraNa karatA hai to sAta upavAsa se ise pUrNa karatA hai| yadi bhojana kiye binA arthAt upavAsa ke dina isa pratimA ko dhAraNa karatA hai to ATha upavAsa se ise pUrNa karatA hai| isa pratimA meM bhikSu ko jaba-jaba mUtra aAve, taba-taba pI lenA caahie| yadi dina meM Ave to pInA cAhie, kintu rAta meM Ave to nahIM pInA cAhie yAvat isa prakAra yaha bar3I prasravaNapratimA sUtrAnusAra yAvat jinAjJAnusAra pAlana kI jAtI hai| vivecana isa sUtradvika meM do bhikSupratimAoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| inheM kevala nirgrantha hI svIkAra kara sakatA hai| nirgranthiyAM ina pratimAoM ko dhAraNa nahIM kara sktiiN| kyoMki ye pratimAeM grAmAdi ke bAhara athavA jaMgala yA pahAr3oM meM jAkara sAta-ATha dina taka ekAkI rahakara rAta-dina pAlana kI jAtI hai / ataH bhASya meM isakA adhikArI tIna saMhanana vAle pUrvadhArI ko hI batAyA hai| ye pratimAeM prASADha mAsa yA mRgazIrSa (migasara) mAsa meM hI dhAraNa kI jAtI haiM / donoM prasravaNapratimAoM meM se eka pratimA sAta rAtri kAyotsarga kI hotI hai, use choTI prasravaNapratimA kahA gayA hai| dUsarI pATha rAtri kAyotsarga kI hotI hai, use bar3I prasravaNapratimA kahA hai / ina donoM pratimAoM ko prathama dina upavAsa tapa karake prArambha kiyA jA sakatA hai athavA eka bAra bhojana karake bhI prArambha kiyA jA sakatA hai / bhojana karane vAle ke eka dina kI tapasyA kama hotI hai, kintu kAyotsarga karane kA kAla to sabhI ke samAna hI hotA hai /
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________________ navama uddezaka [427 ina pratimAoM ko dhAraNa karane ke bAda cAroM prakAra ke AhAra kA tyAga kara diyA jAtA hai, kevala svamUtrapAna karanA khulA rahatA hai arthAt una dinoM meM jaba-jaba jitanA bhI mUtra Ave, use sUtrokta niyamoM kA pAlana karate hue pI liyA jAtA hai / niyama isa prakAra haiM-(1) dina meM pInA, rAtri meM nhiiN| (2) kRmi, vIrya, raja yA cikanAI yukta ho to nahIM pInA cAhie / zuddha ho to pInA cAhie / pratimAdhArI bhikSu ke ukta rakta, snigdhatA Adi vikRtiyAM kisI roga ke kAraNa yA tapasyA evaM dhUpa kI garmI ke kAraNa ho sakatI haiM, aisA bhASya meM batAyA gayA hai / kabhI mUtrapAna se hI zarIra ke vikAroM kI zuddhi hone ke lie bhI aisA hotA hai| ___ yadyapi isa pratimA vAlA cauvihAra tapasyA karatA hai aura rAta-dina vyutsargatapa meM rahatA hai, phira bhI vaha mUtra kI bAdhA hone para kAyotsarga kA tyAga kara mAtraka meM prasravaNa tyAga karake usakA pratilekhana karake pI letA hai / phira punaH kAyotsarga meM sthira ho jAtA hai / yaha isa pratimA kI vidhi hai / isa pratimA kA pAlana karane vAlA mokSamArga kI ArAdhanA karatA hai / sAtha hI usake zArIrika roga dUra ho jAte haiM aura kaMcanavarNI balavAn zarIra ho jAtA hai| pratimA-pArAdhana ke bAda punaH upAzraya meM A jAtA hai / bhASya meM usake pAraNe meM AhArapAnI kI 49 dina kI kramika vidhi batAI gaI hai| loka-vyavahAra meM mUtra ko ekAMta azucimaya evaM apavitra mAnA jAtA hai, kintu vaidyaka granthoM meM ise sarvoSadhi, zivAMbu Adi nAmoM se kahA gayA hai aura jainAgamoM meM bhikSu ko "moyasamAyAre" kaha kara gRhasthoM ko zucisamAcArI vAlA kahA gayA hai| abhi. rA. koza meM "nizAkalpa" zabda meM sAdhu ke lie rAtri meM pAnI ke sthAna para ise prAcamana karane meM upayogI honA batAyA hai / svamUtra kA vidhipUrvaka pAna karane para evaM isakA zarIra kI tvacA para abhyaMgana karane para aneka asAdhya roga dUra ho jAte haiN| carmaroga ke lie yA kisI prakAra ko coTa bharoMca Adi ke lie yaha eka saphala auSadha hai / ataH AgamoM meM mUtra ko ekAMta apavitra yA azucimaya nahIM mAnakara apekSA se peya evaM apekSA se azucimaya bhI mAnA hai| bhASyakAra ne yaha bhI batAyA hai ki janasAdharaNa zaucavAdI hote haiM aura mUtra ko ekAMta apavitra mAnate haiM, ataH pratimAdhArI bhikSu cAroM ora pratilekhana karake koI bhI vyakti na dekhe, aise viveka ke sAtha mUtra kA pAna kare / tadanusAra anya bhikSuoM ko bhI prasravaNa saMbaMdhI koI bhI pravRtti karanI ho to janasAdhAraNa se adRSTa evaM ajJAta rakhate hue karane kA viveka rakhanA caahie| __ vartamAna meM bhI mUtracikitsA kA mahattva bahuta bar3hA hai, isa viSaya ke svataMtra grantha bhI prakAzita hue haiM, jinameM kaiMsara, TI. bI. prAdi asAdhya rogoM ke upazAMta hone ke ullekha bhI haiN| datti-pramANanirUpaNa 43. saMkhAdattiyassa bhikkhussa paDiggahadhArissa (gAhAvAkulaM piMDavAya-paDiyAe, aNupaviTussa) jAvaiyaM-jAvaiyaM kei anto paDiggahaMsi uvaittA dalaejjA tAvaiyAo tAo dattIno vattamvaM siyaa|
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________________ 428] bibhaag tattha se kei chavvaeNa vA, dUsaeNa vA, vAlaeNaM vA anto paDiggahaMsi uvaittA dalaejjA, savvA vi NaM sA egA dattI vattavvaM siyA / tattha se bahave bhujamANA savve te sayaM sayaM piNDaM sAhaNiya anto paDiggahaMsi uvaittA dalaejjA, savvA vi NaM sA egA datto vattavvaM siyaa| 44. saMkhAdattiyassa gaM bhikkhussa pANi paDiggahiyassa (gAhAvaikulaM piNDavAya-paDiyAe aNupaviTThassa) jAvaiyaM-jAvaiyaM kei anto pANisi uvaittA dalaejjA tAvaiyAno tAto battIo pattagvaM siyaa| tattha se kei chabbaeNa vA, dUsaeNa vA, vAlaeNa vA anto pANisi uvaittA dalaejjA, savvA vi NaM sA egA dattI vattavvaM siyA / tattha se bahave bhujamANA sabve te sayaM sayaM piNDaM sAhaNiya anto pANisi uvaittA dalaejjA savvA vi NaM sA egA dattI vattavaM siyaa| 43. dattiyoM kI saMkhyA kA abhigraha karane vAlA pAtradhArI nirgrantha gRhastha ke ghara meM AhAra ke lie praveza kare, isa samaya 1. AhAra dene vAlA gRhastha pAtra meM jitanI bAra jhukAkara pAhAra de, utanI hI "dattiyAM" kahanI caahie| 2. pAhAra dene vAlA gRhastha yadi chabar3I se, vastra se yA cAlanI se binA ruke pAtra meM jhukAkara de, vaha saba "eka datti" kahanI caahie| 3. AhAra dene vAle gRhastha jahAM aneka hoM aura ve saba apanA-apanA AhAra sammilita kara binA ruke pAtra meM jhukAkara deM to vaha saba "eka datti" kahanI caahie| 44. dattiyoM kI saMkhyA kA abhigraha karane vAlA karapAtrabhojI nirgrantha gRhastha ke ghara meM AhAra ke lie praveza kare, isa samaya 1. AhAra dene vAlA gRhastha jitanI bAra jhukAkara bhikSu ke hAtha meM AhAra de, utanI ho 'dattiyAM" kahanI caahie| 2. AhAra dene vAlA gRhastha yadi chabar3I se, vastra se yA cAlanI se binA ruke bhikSu ke hAtha meM jitanA AhAra de vaha saba "eka datti" kahanI caahie| 3. AhAra dene vAle gRhastha jahAM aneka hoM aura ve saba apanA-apanA pAhAra sammilita kara binA ruke bhikSu ke hAtha meM jhukAkara deM, vaha saba "eka datti' kahanI cAhie / vivecana-saptasaptatikA prAdi bhikSupratimAoM meM dattiyoM kI saMkhyA se AhAra grahaNa karane kA varNana kiyA gayA hai aura isa sUtradvika meM datti kA svarUpa batAyA gayA hai|
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________________ navama uddezaka] [429 dAtA eka hI bAra meM dhAra khaMDita kiye binA jitanA pAhAra yA pAnI sAdhu ke pAtra meM de use eka 'datti' pramANa AhAra yA pAnI kahA jAtA hai| vaha eka datti AhAra-pAnI hAtha se de yA kisI bartana se de athavA kisI sUpa, chAbar3I Adi se de, alpamAtrA meM dekara ruka jAya yA binA ruke adhika mAtrA meM de, vaha saba eka bAra meM diyA gayA AhAra yA pAnI eka datti hI kahA jAtA hai| kabhI koI khAdya padArtha aneka bartanoM meM yA aneka vyaktiyoM ke hAtha meM alaga-alaga rakhA ho, use eka bartana meM yA eka hAtha meM ikaTThA karake eka sAtha pAtra meM de diyA jAe to vaha bhI eka datti hI samajhanA caahie| pAtra nahIM rakhane vAle arthAt kara-pAtrI bhikSu ke hAtha meM uparyukta vidhiyoM se jitanA AhAra Adi eka sAtha diyA jAya, vaha unake lie eka datti samajhanA caahie| tIna prakAra kA AhAra 45. tivihe uvahaDe paNNate, taM jahA-1. phaliprovahaDe, 2. suddhovahaDe, 3. saMsaTThovahaDe / 45. khAdyapadArtha tIna prakAra kA mAnA gayA hai, yathA--1. phalitopahRta aneka prakAra ke vyaMjanoM se mizrita khAdyapadArtha / 2. zuddhopahRta-vyaMjanarahita zuddha alepya khAdyapadArtha / 3. saMsRSTopahata-- vyaMjanarahita salepya khAdyapadArtha / vivecana-bhikSA meM tIna prakAra ke khAdyapadArtha grahaNa kiye jAte haiM, jisameM sabhI prakAra ke grAhya padArthoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai| (1) aneka padArthoM ke saMyoga se saMskArita miSThAnna, namakIna zAka-bhAjI Adi ko phalitopahRta kahA hai| (2) zuddha alepya cane, mamare, phUlI Adi ko zuddhopahRta kahA hai| (3) zuddha salepya bhAta, roTI, ghATa, khicar3I grAdi prasaMskArita gIle sAmAnya padArtha ko saMsRSTopahRta kahA hai / abhigraha dhAraNa karane vAle bhikSu inameM se kisI bhI prakAra kA abhigraha kara sakate haiN| avagahIta AhAra ke prakAra 46. tivihe proggahie paNNatte, taM jahA-1. jaM ca progiNhai, 2. jaM ca sAharai, 3. jaM ca AsamaMsi (thAsagaMsi) pakkhivai, ege evmaahNsu| ___ ege puNa evamAhaMsu, duvihe oggahie paNNatte, taM jahA-1. jaM ca ogiNhai, 2. jaM ca AsagaMsi (thAsagaMsi) pkkhivi| 46. avagRhIta pAhAra tIna prakAra kA kahA gayA hai, yathA--1. parosane ke lie grahaNa kiyA humA / 2. parosane ke lie le jAtA huA / 3. bartana meM parosA jAtA huA, aisA kucha prAcArya kahate
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________________ 430] vyavahArasUtra haiN| parantu kucha prAcArya aisA bhI kahate haiM ki--avagRhIta AhAra do prakAra kA kahA gayA hai, yathA1. parosane ke lie grahaNa kiyA jAtA huaa| 2. bartana meM parosA jAtA huaa| vivecana-pUrvasUtra meM khAdyapadArtha ke tIna prakAra kahe gaye haiM aura prastuta sUtra meM dAtA ke dvArA AhAra ko grahaNa karane kI tIna avasthAoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai (1) jisameM khAdyapadArtha par3A hai yA banAyA gayA hai, usameM se nikAla kara anya bartana meM grahaNa kiyA jA rahA ho| (2) grahaNa karake parosane ke lie le jAyA jA rahA ho| (3) thAlI Adi meM parosa diyA gayA ho, kintu khAnA prArambha nahIM kiyA ho / bhASyakAra ne yahAM tInoM avasthAoM kA chaTThI piMDeSaNA rUpa hone kA kahA hai| aneka pratiyoM meM tIsare prakAra ke lie "prAsagaMsi" zabda upalabdha hotA hai, jisake do artha kie jAte haiM (1) khAne ke lie mukha meM DAlA jAtA huaaa| (2) bartana ke mukha meM DAlA jAtA huaa| ye donoM hI artha yahAM prasaMgasaMgata nahIM haiM kyoMki chaTThI piMDeSaNA meM bhojana karane ke lie grahaNa kI jAne vAlI tIna avasthAoM (tIna prakAroM) kA kramazaH tIsarA prakAra thAlI Adi meM parosA jAtA huA AhAra aisA artha karanA hI upayukta hai / jo khAnA prArambha karane ke pUrva kI avasthA hone se kalpanIya bhI hai / kintu mukha meM khAne ke lie DAlA jAtA huA AhAra grahaNa karanA to anupayukta evaM avyavahArika hai aura bartana ke mukha meM DAlA jAtA huA pAhAra chaTThI piMDeSaNA rUpa nahIM hone se krama-prApta prAsaMgika nahIM hai / ataH sambhAvanA yaha hai ki lipidoSa se 'thAsagaMsi yA thAlagaMsi' zabda ke sthAna para kadAcit 'pAsagaMsi' zabda bana gayA hai| bhagavatIsUtra za. 11 u. 11 pR. 1951 (sailAnA se prakAzita) meM thAla aura thAsaga zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA hai, jinakA kramazaH thAlI aura tastarI (pleTa) artha kiyA gayA hai| ata: yahAM thAsagaMsi yA thAlagaMsi zabda ko zuddha mAna kara artha spaSTa kiyA hai| satra ke dvitIya vibhAga meM vaikalpika apekSA se bhojana karane hetu grahaNa kie hue AhAra ke do prakAra kahe gaye haiM, yathA-mUla bartana meM se nikAlate hue aura thAlI Adi meM parosate hue / isa vikalpa meM jahAM AhAra rakhA ho vahIM para baiThe hue eka bartana meM se nikAlakara thAlI Adi meM parosane kI apekSA kI gaI hai kintu mArga meM calane kI yA dUra le jAkara parosane kI vivakSA isameM nahIM kI gaI hai| sUtra meM "ege puNa evamAhaMsu" zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| isase mAnyatAbheda kI kalpanA utpanna hotI hai, kiMtu yahAM do apekSAnoM ko lekara sUtra kI racanA-paddhati hai, aisA samajhanA caahie| kyoMki aisI sAmAnya bAta ke lie pUrvadharoM meM mAnyatAbheda ho jAnA evaM sUtra meM saMkalita kiyA jAnA kliSTa kalpanA hai|
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________________ navama uddezaka] [431 jabaki aise vAkyaprayoga jIvAbhigamasUtra ke prArambha meM aneka AdezAtmaka prarUpaNA ke haiM, vahAM apekSA se jIvoM ke do, tIna, cAra prAdi bheda kahe haiN| vaha kathana bhI mAnyatAbheda na samajhakara vibhinna apekSA rUpa hI samajhA jAtA hai / vahAM TIkAkAra ne bhI vaisA hI spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai| ata: yahAM bhI "ege puNa evamAsu" zabdoM kA prayoga hote hue bhI mAnyatAbheda honA nahIM samajhanA cAhie / bhASyakAra ne bhI ise prAdeza kahakara usakI yaha paribhASA batAI hai ki aneka bahazratoM se calI AI bhinna-bhinna apekSAyoM ko Adeza kahate haiN| isalie prastuta sUtra ke donoM vibhAgoM ko Adeza hI samajhanA caahie| navama uddezaka kA sArAMza sUtra 1-8 17-36 37-40 41-42 zayyAtara ke naukara yA pAhuNoM ko pUrNa rUpa se diye gaye AhAra meM se bhikSu le sakatA hai, yadi prAtihArika diyA ho (zeSa AhAra lauTAne kA ho) to nahIM lenA cAhie / zayyAtara ke sahayoga se jIvananirvAha karane vAle usake jJAtijana yadi khAnA banAveM yA khAveM to unase lenA nahIM kalpatA hai / zayyAtara ke bhAgIdArI (sAjhedArI) vAlI dukAnoM meM yadi koI padArtha binA bhAgIdArI vAlI kA ho to usake bhAgIdAra se lie jA sakate haiM / athavA vibhakta ho jAne para koI bhI padArtha lie jA sakate haiN| sAta-saptaka, ATha-aSTaka, nava-navaka aura daza-dazaka meM dattiyoM kI maryAdA se bhikSA grahaNa karake cAra prakAra kI bhikSu pratimAoM kA ArAdhana sAdhu-sAdhvI kara sakate haiM / svamUtrapAna kI choTI va bar3I pratimA sAta evaM ATha dina meM pArAdhana kI jAtI hai| isa meM pUrNa zuddha evaM sUtrokta prasravaNa dina meM hI piyA jAtA hai, rAtri meM nhiiN| eka bAra meM akhaMDa dhAra se sAdhu ke hAtha meM yA pAtra meM diye jAne vAle AhArAdi ko eka datti kahA jAtA hai| tIna prakAra ke khAdya padArtha hote haiM (1) saMskArita padArtha, (2) zuddha alepya padArtha, (3) zuddha salepya padArtha / inameM se koI bhI abhigraha dhAraNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| "pragahIta' nAmaka chaTThI piMDeSaNA ke yogya prAhAra kI tIna avasthAeM hotI haiN| (1) bartana meM se nikAlate hue, (2) parosane liye le jAte hue, (3) thAlI Adi meM parosate hue / athavA apekSA se usa AhAra kI do avasthA kahI jA sakatI haiM(1) bartana meM se nikAlate hue, (2) thAlI Adi meM parosate hue / 43-44 45 56
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________________ 432] [vyavahArasUtra upasaMhAra 37-42 isa uddezaka meMzayyAtara ke khAdyapadArtha ke kalpyAkalpya kA, datti-parimANa pratimAoM kA evaM prazravaNa-pAna pratimAoM kA, dattisvarUpa kA, abhigraha yogya AhAra ke prakAroM kA, ityAdi viSayoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai / // navama uddezaka samApta // 45-46
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________________ dasavAM uddezaka do prakAra kI candrapratimAeM 1. do paDimAo paNNattAo, taM jahA1. javamajhA ya caMdapaDimA, 2. vairamajjhA ya caMdapaDimA / javamajha NaM caMdapaDimaM paDivanassa aNagArassa niccaM mAsaM vosaTTakAe ciyattadehe / je kei parIsahovasaggA samuppajjejjA divvA vA, mANussagAvA, tirikkhajoNiyA vA, aNulomA vA, paDilomA vA, tattha aNulomA tAva vaMdejjA vA, namaMsijjA vA, sakkArejjA vA, sammANejjA vA, kallANaM maMgalaM devayaM ceiyaM pajjuvAsejjA, paDilomA tAva annayareNaM daMDeNa vA, aTThiNA vA, joteNa vA, vetteNa vA, kaseNa vA kAe AuTejjA, te savve uppanne samma sahejjA, khamejjA, titikkhejjA, ahiyaasejjaa| javamajhaM gaM caMdapaDima paDikannassa praNagArassa, sukkapakkhassa pADivae se kappai egA dattI bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, egA pANassa, samvehi duppayaM cauppayAiehi AhAra-kakhohi sattehi paDiNiyatehi, annAyauMchaM suddhovahaDaM nijjUhittA bahave samaNa jAva vnniimgaa| kappaDa se egassa bhujamANassa paDiggAhettae no doNhaM, no tiNhaM, no cauNhaM, no pNcnnhN| no mugviNIe, no bAlavacchAe, no dAragaM pejjamANIe / no aMto eluyassa do vi pAe sAhaTu dalamANIe no bAhiM eluyassa do vi pAe sAhaTu dlmaanniie| aha puNa evaM jANejjA-egaM pAyaM aMto kiccA, egaM pAyaM bAhiM kiccA eluyaM vikkhambhaittA dalayai, evaM se kappai pddiggaahitte| biiyAe se kappai doNNi dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, doNi pANassa / taiyAe se kappai tiNi dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, tiNi pANassa / cautthIe se kappai cau dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, cau pANassa / paMcamIe se kappai paMca dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, paMca pANassa / chaTThIe se kappai cha vattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, cha pANassa / sattamoe me kappA satta dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, satta pANassa / aTThamIe se kappai aTu dattopo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, aTTa pANassa / navamIe se kappaha nava vattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, nava pANassa / dasamIe se kappai vasa dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, dasa pANassa /
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________________ 434] [vyavahArasUtra egArasamIe se kappar3a egArasa battIpo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, egArasa pANassa / bArasamIe se kappai bArasa dattoo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, bArasa pANassa / terasamIe se kappai terasa dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, terasa pANassa / coddasamIe se kappaI coddasa dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, coisa paannss| pannarasamIe se kappai pannarasa vattIyo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, pannarasa pANassa / bahulapakkhassa pADivae se kappai coisa dattIyo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, coisa pANassa / biiyAe se kappai terasa dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, terasa pANassa / taiyAe se kappai bArasa dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, bArasa pANassa / cautthIe se kappai ekkArasa dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, ekkArasa pANassa / paMcamIe se kappai dasa dattoo bhoyaNassa par3igAhettae, dasa pANassa / chaTThIe se kappai nava dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, nava pANassa / sattamIe se kappai aTTa dattoo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, aTTha pANassa / aTThamIe se kappai satta dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, satta pANasta / navamIe se kappai cha dattoo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, cha paannss| dasamIe se kappada paMca dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, paMca pANassa / ekkArasamIe se kappai cau dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, cau pANassa / bArasamIe se kappai tiNi dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, tipiNa pANassa / terasamIe se kappai do dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, do pANassa / caudasamIe se kappai egA dattI bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, egA paannss| amAvAsAe se ya abhattaThe bhavai / evaM khalu javamajjhacaMdapaDimA prahAsuttaM jAva aNNAe aNupAliyA bhavai / 2. vairamajha NaM caMdapaDima paDivanassa aNagArassa niccaM mAsaM vosaTakAe ciyattadehe je keha parIsahovasaggA samuppajjejjA jAva ahiyaasejjaa| vairamajjhaM NaM caMdapaDima paDivanassa aNagArassa, bahulapakkhassa pADivae se kappai pannarasa dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, pannarasa pANassa jAva eluyaM vivakhaMbhaittA dalayai evaM se kappai pddiggaahitte| biiyAe se kappai cauddasa dattIpo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, cauddasa pANassa / taiyAe se kappai terasa dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, terasa paannss| cautthIe se kappai bArasa dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, bArasa pANassa / paMcamIe se kappai egArasa dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, egArasa pANassa / chaTThIe se kappai dasa dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, dasa pANassa /
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________________ basavAM uddezaka] [435 sattamIe se kappai nava dattIyo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, nava pANassa / aTThamIe se kappai aTTha dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, aTTha pANassa / navamIe se kappai satta dattImo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, satta pANassa / dasamIe se kappai cha vattIyo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, cha pANassa / egArasamIe se kappai paMca dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, paMca pANassa / bArasamIe se kappai cau dattImro bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, cau pANassa / terasamIe se kappai tinni dattopo bhoyaNassa paDigAhetae, tinni pANassa / caudasamIe se kappai do dattoo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, do pANassa / amAvAsAe se kappai egA datto bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, egA pANaMssa / sukkapakkhassa pADiyae se kappAi do battIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, do pANassa / biiyAe se kappai tinni vattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, tinni pANassa / taiyAe se kappai cau dattIpo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, cau paannss| cautthIe se kappai paMca dattopo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, paMca pAsassa / paMcamIe se kappai cha dattIso bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, cha pANassa / chaTThIe se kappA satta dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, satta pANassa / sattamIe se kappai aTTha dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, aTTha paannss| aTTamIe se kappai nava dattIgro bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, nava paannss| navamIe se kappai vasa dattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, vasa pANassa / vasamIe se kappai egArasa dattoo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, egArasa paannss| egArasamoe se kappai bArasa dattoo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, bArasa pANassa / bArasamIe se kappai terasa vattIo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, terasa paannss| terasamIe se kappai cauddasa dattImo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, cauddasa pANassa / cauddasamIe se kappada pannarasa dattoo bhoyaNassa paDigAhettae, pannArasa pANassa / puNNimAe se ya prabhattaThe bhvi| evaM khalu esA baharamajjhA caMdapaDimA ahAsuttaM jAva ANAe aNupAliyA bhavai / 1. do pratimAyeM kaho gaI haiM, yathA-1. yavamadhyacandrapratimA, 2. vjrmdhycndrprtimaa| yavamadhyacandrapratimA svIkAra karane vAlA anagAra eka mAsa taka zarIra ke parikarma se tathA zarIra ke mamatva se rahita hokara rahe / usa samaya jo koI bhI deva, manuSya evaM tiryaMcakRta anukUla yA pratikUla parISaha evaM upasarga utpanna hoM, yathA anukUla parISaha evaM upasarga ye haiM--koI vandanA namaskAra kare, satkAra-sammAna kare, kalyANarupa, maMgalarUpa, devarUpa aura jJAnarUpa mAnakara paryupAsanA kre|
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________________ 436 [vyavahArasUtra pratikUla paroSaha evaM upasarga ye haiM kisI daNDa, haDDI, jota, beMta athavA cAbuka se zarIra para prahAra kre| vaha ina saba anukUla-pratikUla utpanna hue parISahoM evaM upasagoM ko prasanna yA khinna na hokara samabhAva se sahana kare, usa vyakti ke prati kSamAbhAva dhAraNa kare, vIratApUrvaka sahana kare aura zAMti se AnandAnubhAva karate hue sahana kre|| yavamadhyacandrapratimA ke ArAdhaka aNagAra ko, zuklapakSa kI pratipadA ke dina AhAra aura pAnI kI eka-eka datti grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| AhAra kI AkAMkSA karane vAle sabhI dvipada, catuSpada Adi prANI AhAra lekara lauTa gaye hoM taba use ajJAta sthAna se zuddha alpalepa vAlA AhAra lenA kalpatA hai| ____ aneka zramaNa yAvat bhikhArI AhAra lekara lauTa gaye hoM arthAt vahAM khar3e na hoM to AhAra lenA kalpatA hai| ___ eka vyakti ke bhojana meM se AhAra lenA kalpatA hai, kiMtu do, tIna, cAra yA pAMca vyakti ke bhojana meM se lenA nahIM kalpatA hai / garbhavatI, choTe bacce vAlI aura bacce ko dUdha pilAne vAlI ke hAtha se AhAra lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| dAtA ke donoM paira dehalI ke andara hoM yA bAhara hoM to usase AhAra lenA nahIM kalpatA hai / yadi aisA jAne ki dAtA eka paira dehalI ke andara aura eka paira dehalI ke bAhara rakhakara dehalI ko pairoM ke bIca meM karake de rahA hai to usake hAtha se AhAra lenA kalpatA hai| zuklapakSa ke dvitIyA ke dina pratimAdhArI aNagAra ko bhojana aura pAnI kI do-do dattiyAM lenA kalpatA hai| tIja ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI tIna-tIna dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| cautha ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI cAra-cAra dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai / pAMcama ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI pAMca-pAMca dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| chaTha ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI chaha-chaha dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai / sAtama ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI sAta-sAta dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| pAThama ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI pATha-ATha dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| navamI ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI nava-nava dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai / dasamI ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI dasa-dasa dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai / gyArasa ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI gyAraha-gyAraha dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| bArasa ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI bAraha-bAraha dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| terasa ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI teraha-teraha dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| caudasa ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI caudaha-caudaha dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| pUrNimA ke dina bhojana aura pAnI ko pandraha-pandraha dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai kRSNapakSa kI pratipadA ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI caudaha-caudaha dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai|
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________________ dasavAM uddezaka] [437 dvitIyA ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI teraha-teraha dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai / tIja ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI bAraha-bAraha dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai / cautha ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI gyAraha-gyAraha dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| pAMcama ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI daza-daza dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai / chaTha ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI nava-nava dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| sAtama ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI ATha-pATha dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| AThama ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI sAta-sAta dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai / navamI ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI chaha-chaha dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| dasamI ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI pAMca-pAMca dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| gyArasa ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI cAra-cAra dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai / bArasa ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI tIna-tIna dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| terasa ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI do-do dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai / caudasa ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI eka-eka datti grahaNa karanA kalpanA hai| amAvasa ke dina vaha upavAsa karatA hai| isa prakAra yaha yavamadhyacandrapratimA sUtrAnusAra yAvat jinAjJA ke anusAra pAlana kI jAtI 2. vajramadhyacandrapratimA svIkAra karane vAlA anagAra eka mAsa taka zarIra ke parikarma se tathA zarIra ke mamatva se rahita hokara rahe aura jo koI parISaha evaM upasarga ho yAvat unheM zAMti se sahana kre| vajramadhyacandrapratimA svIkAra karane vAle aNagAra ko, kRSNapakSa kI pratipadA ke dina pandraha-pandraha dattiyAM bhojana aura pAnI kI lenA kalpatA hai yAvat dehalI ko pairoM ke bIca meM karake de to usase AhAra lenA kalpatA hai / dvitIyA ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI caudaha-caudaha dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| tIja ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI teraha-teraha dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai / cautha ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI bAraha-bAraha dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai / pAMcama ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI gyAraha-gyAraha dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai / chaTha ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI daza-daza dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kaletA hai| sAtama ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI nava-nava dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| AThama ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI ATha-ATha dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai / navamI ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI sAta-sAta dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| dasamI ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI chaha-chaha dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| gyArasa ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI pAMca-pAMca dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai / bArasa ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI cAra-cAra dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai|
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________________ [ vyavahArasUtra terasa ke dina bhojana aura pAnI ko tIna-tIna dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| caudasa ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI do-do dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| amAvasyA ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI eka-eka datti grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| zuklapakSa kI pratipadA ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI do-do dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai / dvitIyA ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI tIna-tIna dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| tIja ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI cAra-cAra dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| cautha ke dina bhojana aura pAnI ko pAMca-pA~ca dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| pAMcama ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI chaha-chaha dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| chaTha ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI sAta-sAta dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai / sAtama ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI ATha-pATha dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| AThama ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI nava-nava dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| navamI ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI daza-daza dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| dasamI ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI gyAraha-gyAraha dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai / gyArasa ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI bAraha-bAraha dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| bArasa ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI teraha-teraha dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| terasa ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI caudaha-caudaha dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai / caudasa ke dina bhojana aura pAnI kI pandraha-pandraha dattiyAM grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| pUrNimA ke dina vaha upavAsa karatA hai| isa prakAra yaha vajramadhyacandrapratimA sUtrAnusAra yAvat jinAjJAnusAra pAlana kI jAtI hai| vivecana-jisa prakAra zuklapakSa meM candra kI kalAeM bar3hatI haiM aura kRSNapakSa meM ghaTatI haiM, usI prakAra ina donoM pratimAoM meM AhAra kI dattiyoM kI saMkhyA tithiyoM ke krama se ghaTAI aura bar3hAI jAtI haiM / isalie ina donoM pratimAoM ko "candrapratimA" kahA gayA hai| jisa prakAra jau (dhAnya) kA eka kinArA patalA hotA hai, phira madhya meM sthUla hotA hai evaM anta meM patalA hotA hai, usI prakAra jisa pratimA ke prArambha meM eka datti, madhya meM pandraha datti, anta meM eka dattI aura bAda meM upavAsa kiyA jAtA hai, use "yavamadhyacandrapratimA" kahA jAtA hai| jisa prakAra vajraratna yA DamarU kA eka kinArA vistRta, madhyabhAga saMkucita aura dUsarA kinArA vistRta hotA hai, usI prakAra jisa pratimA ke prArambha meM pandraha datti, madhya meM eka datti, anta meM pandraha datti aura bAda meM upavAsa kiyA jAtA hai, use "vajramadhyacandrapratimA" kahA jAtA hai| ye donoM pratimAeM viziSTa saMhanana vAlA evaM pUrvadhara bhikSu hI dhAraNa kara sakatA hai| ina pratimAoM meM prAhAra-pAnI kI dattiyAM sUtranusAra kramaza: ghaTAte-bar3hAte hue grahaNa kI jAtI haiM / AhAra pAnI kI dattiyoM kI saMkhyA ke sAtha-sAtha ina pratimAoM ko dhAraNa karane vAle bhikSu ko nimnalikhita niyamoM kA pAlana karanA Avazyaka hotA hai---
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________________ basavAM uddezaka] [439 (1) zArIrika mamatva kA tyAga karanA arthAt niyamita parimita AhAra ke atirikta auSadhabheSaja ke sevana kA aura sabhI prakAra ke zarIraparikarma kA tyAga krnaa| (2) deva, manuSya yA tiryaMca dvArA kie gae upasargoM kA pratikAra na karanA aura na unase bacane kA prayatna karanA / (3) kisI ke vandanA yA Adara-satkAra kiye jAne para prasanna na honA, apitu samabhAva meM lIna rhnaa| (4) jisa mArga meM yA jisa ghara ke bAhara pazu yA pakSI hoM to pazuoM ke cArA cara lene ke bAda aura pakSiyoM ke cuggA cuga lene ke bAda paDimAdhArI ko AhAra lene ke lie ghara meM praveza krnaa| (5) paDimAdhArI ke Ane kI sUcanA yA jAnakArI na ho yA unakI koI pratIkSA karatA na ho, aise ajJAta gharoM se AhAra grahaNa krnaa| (6) uMcha-vigayarahita rUkSa pAhAra grahaNa karanA / (7) zuddhopahRta-lepa rahita AhArAdi grahaNa karanA / (8) anya bhikSa zramaNAdi jahAM para khaDe hoM, vahAM bhikSA ke liye na jaanaa| (9) eka vyakti kA AhAra ho usameM se lenA, adhika vyaktiyoM ke AhAra meM se nahIM lenaa| (10) kisI bhI garbhavatI strI se bhikSA na lenaa| (11) jo choTe bacce ko lie hue ho, usase bhikSA na lenaa| (12) jo strI bacce ko dUdha pilA rahI ho, usase bhikSA na lenaa| (13) ghara kI dehalI ke atirikta anya kahIM para bhI khar3e hue se bhikSA nahIM lenaa| (14) dehalI ke bhI eka pAMva andara aura eka pAMva bAhara rakha kara baiThe hue yA khar3e hue dAtA se bhikSA grahaNa krnaa| eSaNA ke 42 doSa evaM anya bhAgamokta vidhiyoM kA pAlana karanA to ina pratimAdhArI ke lie bhI Avazyaka hI samajhanA caahie| ina donoM candrapratimAoM kI ArAdhanA eka-eka mAsa meM kI jAtI hai| ina ukta niyamoM ke anusAra yadi aAhAra mile to grahaNa kare aura na mile to grahaNa na kare arthAt usa dina upavAsa kre| pratimAdhArI bhikSu bhikSA kA samaya yA ghara kI saMkhyA nirdhArita kara letA hai aura utane samaya taka yA utane hI gharoM meM bhikSArtha bhramaNa karatA hai / AhArAdi ke na milane para utkRSTa eka mAsa kI tapazcaryA bhI ho jAtI hai| kintu kisI bhI prakAra kA apavAda sevana vaha nahIM karatA hai| __ bhASya meM batAyA hai ki ye donoM pratimAeM bIsa varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlA, tIna saMhanana vAlA aura nava pUrva ke jJAna vAlA bhikSu hI dhAraNa kara sakatA hai| bhASya ke adhyayana se yaha bhI jJAta hotA hai ki "sabvehi duppaya-cauppaya-mAiehiM AhAra kaMkhIhiM sattehi paDiNiyahi" itanA pATha bhASyakAra ke sAmane nahIM thA / unhoMne kramazaH zabdoM kI evaM vAkyoM kI vyAkhyA kI hai| kintu isa vAkya kI vyAkhyA nahIM kI hai aura isa vAkya ke bhAvArtha ko
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________________ 440] [vyavahArasUtra Age Ae "NijjuhitA bahave..." isa sUtrAMza kI vyAkhyA meM spaSTa kiyA hai| katipaya zabdoM kA artha isa prakAra hai-vyutsRSTakAya--zarIra kI zuzrUSA evaM auSadha kA tyAga / ciyattadehe-zarIraparikarma (abhyaMgana, mardana) kA tyAga karanA evaM vadha-bandhana kiye jAne para pratIkAra yA surakSA nahIM karanA / pAMca prakAra ke vyavahAra 3. paMcavihe vavahAre paNNate, taM jahA-1. Agame, 2. sue, 3. prANA, 4. dhAraNA, 5. jIe / 1. jahA se tattha Agame siyA, AgameNaM vavahAraM pttttvejjaa| 2. No se tattha Agame siyA, jahA se tattha sue siyA, sueNaM vavahAraM pttttvejjaa| 3. No se tattha sue siyA, jahA se tattha ANA siyA, ANAe vavahAraM pttttvejjaa| 4. No se tattha ANA siyA, jahA se tattha dhAraNA siyA, dhAraNAe vavahAraM pttttvejjaa| 5. No se tattha dhAraNA siyA, jahA se tattha jIe siyA, jIeNaM vavahAraM pttttvejjaa| icceehiM paMcahi vavahArehi vavahAraM paTTavejjA, taM jahA-1. AgameNaM, 2. sueNaM, 3. ANAe, 4. dhAraNAe, 5. jIeNaM / jahA-jahA se Agame, sue, prANA, dhAraNA, jIe tahA-tahA bavahAraM pttttvejjaa| pa.--se kimAha bhaMte ? u0prAgamabaliyA samaNA niggNthaa| icceyaM paMcavihaM vavahAraM jayA-jayA, jahi-hi, tayA* tayA, tahi-tahiM aNissiovassiyaM vavahAraM vavaharamANe samaNe niggaMthe ANAe ArAhae bhavai / 3. vyavahAra pAMca prakAra kA kahA gayA hai, yathA-1. Agama, 2. zruta, 3. prAjJA, 4. dhAraNA, 5. jIta / 1. jahAM Agama (kevalajJAnadhAraka yAvat naupUrvadhAraka) jJAnI hoM, vahAM unake nirdezAnusAra vyavahAra kreN| 2. jahAM prAgamajJAnI na hoM to vahAM zrutajJAnI (jaghanya aAcAraprakalpa, utkRSTa navapUrva se kucha kama jJAnI) nirdezAnusAra vyavahAra kreN| 3. jahAM zrutajJAnI na hoM, to vahAM gItArtha kI AjJAnusAra vyavahAra kreN| 4. jahAM gItAthe kI prAjJA na ho vahAM sthaviroM kI dhAraNAnusAra vyavahAra kreN| 5. jahAM sthaviroM kI dhAraNA jJAta na ho to vahAM sarvAnumata paramparAnusAra vyavahAra kreN| ina pAMca vyavahAroM ke anusAra vyavahAra kreN| yathA-1. pAgama, 2. zruta, 3. AjJA, 4. dhAraNA, 5. jIta / prAgamajJAnI, zrutajJAnI, gItArtha-prAjJA, sthaviroM kI dhAraNA aura paramparA, ina meM se jisa samaya jo upalabdha ho, usa samaya usI se kramaza: vyavahAra kreN| pra0-bhaMte ! aisA kyoM kahA?
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________________ dasavAM uddezaka] [41 u.-zramaNa-nirgrantha AgamanyavahAra kI pramukhatA vAle hote haiN| ina pAMca prakAra ke vyavahAroM meM se jaba-jaba, jisa-jisa viSaya meM jo pramukha vyavahAra upalabdha ho taba-taba, usa-usa viSaya meM madhyastha bhAva se usa vyavahAra se vyavahAra karane vAlA zramaNa-nirgrantha jinAjJA kA pArAdhaka hotA hai| vivecana -sUtra meM "vyavahAra" zabda prAyazcitta artha meM prayukta hai| anya AgamoM meM bhI isa artha meM prayoga huA hai / yathA--"ahAlahusae nAmaM vavahAre paTTaviyamve siyA"-yathA laghuSka (atyalpa) prAyazcitta kI prasthApanA karanI caahie| -bRhatkalpa uddezaka 4 prAyazcitta kA nirNaya "pAgama" Adi sUtroktakrama se hI karanA caahie| vizeSa doSoM ko AlocanA pAgamavyavahArI ke pAsa hI karanI caahie| yadi ve na hoM to jo upalabdha sUtroM meM se adhikatama sUtroM ko dhAraNa karane vAle hoM evaM AlocanA-zravaNa ke yogya hoM unake pAsa pAlocanA kara prAyazcitta grahaNa karanA caahie| aisA na karane para arthAt vyutkrama se karane para bhASya meM prAyazcitta kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| sUtra meM prAyazcitta ke nirNAyaka prAdhAra pAMca vyavahAra kahe gaye haiN| unheM dhAraNa karane vAlA vyavahArI kahA jAtA hai| (1) AgamavyavahArI-9 pUrva se lekara 14 pUrva ke jJAnI, avadhijJAnI, manaHparyavajJAnI aura kevalajJAnI. ye "prAgamavyavahArI" kahe jAte haiN| (2) zrutavyavahArI-jaghanya AcArAMga evaM nizIthasUtra mUla, artha, paramArtha sahita kaNThastha dhAraNa karane vAle aura utkRSTa 9 pUrva se kama zruta ko dhAraNa karane vAle "zrutavyavahArI" kahe jAte haiN| (3) AjJAvyavahArI-kisI AgamavyavahArI yA zrutavyavahArI kI AjJA prApta hone para usa prAjA ke AdhAra se prAyazcitta dene vAlA "AjJAvyavahArI" kahA jAtA hai / (4) dhAraNAvyavahArI-bahuzrutoM ne zrutAnusArI prAyazcitta kI kucha maryAdA kisI yogya bhikSu ko dhAraNa karA dI ho, unako acchI taraha dhAraNa karane vAlA "dhAraNAvyavahArI" kahA jAtA hai| (5) jItavyavahArI-jina viSayoM meM koI spaSTa sUtra kA prAdhAra na ho usa viSaya meM bahuzruta bhikSu sUtra se aviruddha aura saMyamapoSaka prAyazcitta kI maryAdAeM kisI yogya bhikSu ko dhAraNa karA de| unheM acchI taraha dhAraNa karane vAlA "jItavyavahArI" kahA jAtA hai / jaMjIyamasohikaraM, pAsastha pamatta saMjayAiNNaM / jai vi mahAjaNAiNNaM, na teNa jIeNa vvhaaro||720|| jaM jIyaM sohikaraM, saMvegaparAyaNena daMteNa / egeNa vi prAinna, teNa u jIeNa vavahAro / / 721 // -~-vyava. bhASya. udde. 10 vairAgyavAn eka bhI damitendriya bahuzruta dvArA jo sevita ho, vaha jItavyavahAra saMyama-zuddhi karane vAlA ho sakatA hai / kintu jo pArzvastha pramatta evaM apavAdaprApta bhikSu se prAcIrNa ho, vaha jIta
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________________ 442] [vyavahArasUtra vyavahAra anekoM ke dvArA sevita hone para bhI zuddhi nahIM kara sakatA hai, ataH usa se vyavahAra nahIM karanA caahie| so jahakAlAdINaM apaDikaMtassa nikhigaIyaMtu / muhaNaMtagaphiDiya, pANaga asaMvareNa, evamAdIsu // 709 // __-vyava. bhASya. udde. 10 jo paccakkhANakAla yA svAdhyAyakAla Adi kA pratikramaNa nahIM karatA hai| mukha para mukhavastrikA ke binA rahatA hai athavA bolatA hai aura pAnI ko nahIM DhakatA hai, use nIvI kA prAyazcitta AtA hai, yaha saba jItavyavahAra hai / gAthA meM Ae 'muhaNaMtagaphiDiya' ko TIkA- "mukhapotikAyA sphiTitAyAM, mukhpotikaamNtrnnetyrth"| ___ ina pAMca vyavahAriyoM dvArA diyA gayA prAyazcitta AgamavyavahAra yAvat jItavyavahAra kahA jAtA hai| isa sUtravidhAna kA prAzaya yaha hai ki pahale kahA gayA vyavahAra aura vyavahArI pramukha hotA hai| usakI anupasthiti meM hI bAda meM kahe gae vyavahAra aura vyavahArI ko pramukhatA dI jA sakatI hai| arthAt jisa viSaya meM zrutavyavahAra upalabdha ho usa viSaya ke nirNaya karane meM dhAraNA yA jItavyavahAra ko pramukha nahIM karanA caahie| vyutkrama se pramukhatA dene meM svArthabhAva yA rAga-dveSa Adi hote haiM, niSpakSabhAva nahIM rahatA hai| isI prAzaya ko sUcita karane ke lie sUtra ke aMtima aMza meM rAga-dveSa evaM pakSapAtabhAva se rahita hokara yathAkrama vyavahAra karane kI preraNA dI gaI hai, sAtha hI satranidiSTa krama se evaM niSpakSabhAva se vyavahAra karane vAloM ko ArAdhaka kahA gayA hai| ataH pakSabhAva se evaM vyutkrama se vyavahAra karane vAlA virAdhaka hotA hai, yaha spaSTa hai| vyavahAra zabda kA upalakSaNa se vistRta artha karane para bhI phalita hotA hai ki saMyamIjIvana se sambandhita kisI bhI vyavahArika viSaya kA nirNaya karanA ho yA koI bhI pAgama se prarUpita tattva ke sambandha meM utpanna vivAda kI sthiti kA nirNaya karanA ho to isI krama se karanA cAhie arthAta yadi AgamavyavahArI ho to usake nirNaya ko svIkAra karake vivAda ko samApta karanA cAhie / __ yadi AgamavyavahArI na ho to upalabdha zruta-pAgama ke AdhAra se jo nirNaya ho, use svIkAra karanA cAhie / sUtra kA pramANa upalabdha hone para prAjJA, dhAraNA yA paramparA ko pramukha nahIM mAnanA cAhie, kyoM prAjJA, dhAraNA yA paramparA kI apekSA zrutavyavahAra pramukha hai / vartamAna meM sarvopari pramukha sthAna AgamoM kA hai, usake bAda vyAkhyAoM evaM granthoM kA sthAna hai tatpazcAt sthaviroM dvArA dhArita kaMThastha dhAraNA yA paramparA kA hai| vyAkhyAoM yA granthoM meM bhI pUrva-pUrva ke prAcAryoM kI racanA kA pramukha sthAna hai| ataH vartamAna meM sarvaprathama nirNAyaka zAstra haiM, usase viparIta artha ko kahane vAle vyAkhyA aura grantha kA mahattva nahIM hai| usI prakAra zAstrapramANa ke upalabdha hone para dhAraNA yA paramparA kA bhI koI mahattva nahIM hai / isalie zAstra, grantha, dhAraNA aura paramparA ko bhI yathAkrama vivekapUrvaka prabhu khatA dekara kisI bhI tatva kA nirNaya karanA ArAdhanA kA hetu hai aura kisI bhI pakSabhAva ke kAraNa vyutkrama
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________________ dasavAM uddezaka] .[443 se nirNaya karanA virAdhanA kA hetu hai| ataH isa sUtra ke prAzaya ko samajha kara niSpakSabhAva se prAgama tattvoM kA nirNaya karanA cAhie / bhagavatIsUtra za. 8 u. 8 meM tathA ThANAMga a. 5 u. 2 meM bhI yaha sUtra hai / vahAM bhI isa viSayaka kucha vivecana kiyA gayA hai / sArAMza yaha hai ki prAyazcittoM kA yA anya tatvoM kA nirNaya ina pAMca vyavahAroM dvArA kramapUrvaka karanA cAhie, vyutkrama se nhiiN| isalie kisI viSaya meM prAgamapATha ke hote hue dhAraNA yA paraMparA ko pramukhatA dekara aAgraha karanA sarvathA anucita samajhanA caahie| vividhaprakAra se gaNa kI vaiyAvRtya karane vAle 4. cattAri purisajAyA paNNattA, taM jahA-1. aTTakare nAma ege, no mANakare, 2. mANakare nAmaM ege, no aTukare, 3. ege aTukare vi, mANakare vi, 4. ege no aTThakare, no maannkre| 5. cattAri purisajAyA paNNattA, taM jahA-1. gaNaTakare nAma ege, no mANakare, 2. mANakare nAmaM ege, no gaNaTukare, 3. ege gaNaTukare vi, mANakare vi, 4. ege no gaNaTTakare, no maannkre| 6. cattAri purisajAyA paNNattA, taM jahA-1. gaNasaMgahakare nAma ege, no mANakare, 2. mANakare nAma ege, no gaNasaMgahakare, 3. ege gaNasaMgahakare vi, mANakare vi, 4. ege no gaNasaMgahakare, no maagkre| 7. cattAri purisajAyA paNNattA, taM jahA-1. gaNasohakare nAma ege, no mANakare, 2. mANakare nAma ege, no gaNasohakare, 3. ege gaNasohakare vi, mANakare vi, 4. ege no gaNasohakare, no mANakare / 8. cattAri purisajAyA paNNatA, taM jahA-1. gaNasohikare nAmaM ege, no mANakare, 2. mANakare nAma ege, no gaNasohikare, 3. ege gaNasohikare vi, mANakare vi, 4. ege no gaNasohikare, no maannkre| 4. cAra prakAra ke sAdhu puruSa kahe gae haiM / jaise-1. koI sAdhu kArya karatA hai, kintu mAna nahIM karatA hai / 2. koI mAna karatA hai, kintu kArya nahIM karatA hai| 3. koI kArya bhI karatA hai aura mAna bhI karatA hai / 4. koI kArya bhI nahIM karatA hai aura mAna bhI nahIM karatA hai| 5. (punaH) cAra prakAra ke sAdhu puruSa kahe gaye haiM / jaise--1. koI gaNa kA kAma karatA hai, parantu mAna nahIM karatA hai / 2. koI mAna karatA hai, parantu gaNa kA kAma nahIM karatA hai / 3. koI gaNa kA kAma bhI karatA hai aura mAna bhI karatA hai| 4. koI na gaNa kA kAma karatA hai aura na mAna karatA hai| 6. (punaH) cAra prakAra ke sAdhu puruSa kahe gaye haiN| jaise-1. koI gaNa ke lie saMgraha karatA hai, parantu mAna nahIM karatA hai / 2. koI mAna karatA hai, parantu gaNa ke lie saMgraha nahIM karatA hai| 3. koI gaNa ke lie saMgraha bhI karatA hai aura mAna bhI karatA hai / 4. koI na gaNa ke lie saMgraha karatA hai aura na mAna hI karatA hai|
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________________ 444] [vyavahArasUtra 7. (punaH) cAra prakAra ke sAdhu puruSa kahe gaye haiN| jaise-1. koI gaNa kI zobhA bar3hAtA hai, kintu mAna nahIM karatA hai| 2. koI mAna karatA hai, kintu gaNa kI zobhA nahIM bar3hAtA hai / 3. koI gaNa kI zobhA bhI bar3hAtA hai aura mAna bhI karatA hai / 4. koI na gaNa kI zobhA bar3hAtA hai aura na mAna hI karatA hai| 8. (punaH) cAra prakAra ke sAdhu puruSa kahe gaye haiN| jaise-1. koI gaNa kI zuddhi karatA hai, parantu mAna nahIM karatA hai / 2. koI mAna karatA hai, parantu gaNa kI zuddhi nahIM karatA hai| 3. koI gaNa kI zuddhi bhI karatA hai aura mAna bhI karatA hai / 4. koI na gaNa kI zuddhi karatA hai aura na mAna hI karatA hai| vivecana-pratyeka vyakti meM bhinna-bhinna guNa hote haiM / ataH yahAM bhinna-bhinna ko lekara saMyamI puruSoM ke lie pAMca caubhaMgiyAM kahI haiM, unameM nimna viSaya hai-(1) aTTa-kucha bhI sevA kArya, (2) gaNa?-gaccha ke vyavasthA saMbaMdhI kArya, (3) gaNasaMgraha-gaNa ke lie sAdhu-sAdhvI zrAvaka zrAvikAoM kI vRddhi ho, AhAra, pAnI, vastra, pAtra, zayyA-saMstAraka Adi sulabha hoM, aise kSetroM kI vRddhi karanA, logoM meM dhArmika ruci evaM dAna bhAvanA kI vRddhi krnaa| (4) gaNasoha-tapa-saMyama, jJAna-dhyAna, upadeza evaM vyavahArakuzalatA se gaNa kI zobhA kI vRddhi karanA / (5) gaNasohi sAdhu-sAdhvI yA zrAvaka-zrAvikA ke prAcAra-vyavahAra kI azuddhiyoM ko viveka se dUra karanA / saMghavyavasthA kI avyavasthA ko ucita upAyoM dvArA sudhAra kara uttama vyavasthA karanA / ina guNoM ko aura abhimAna ko saMbaMdhita karake caubhaMgiyoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai / kucha sAdhu gaNa ke lie ukta kArya karake bhI abhimAna nahIM karate haiN| aise sAdhu hI sarvazreSTha hote haiN| pratyeka sAdhaka ko isa prathama bhaMga ke anusAra rahane kA prayatna karanA cAhie / dUsarA bhaMga AtmA ke lie pUrI taraha nikRSTa evaM heya hai| kyoMki kArya to kucha karanA nahIM aura vyartha meM ghamaMDa karanA sarvathA anucita hai / tIsarA bhaMga madhyama hai arthAta dusare bhaMga kI apekSA tIsarA bhaMga prAtmA kA adhika ahita karane vAlA nahIM hai tathA chadamastha jIvoM meM aisA honA svAbhAvika hai| adhyAtmasAdhanA meM kAma ka ghamaMDa karanA bhI eka avaguNa hai / isa se AtmaguNoM kA vikAsa nahIM hotA hai| cauthA bhaMga sAmAnya sAdhunoM kI apekSA se hai| isameM guNa nahIM hai to avaguNa bhI nahIM hai, aise bhikSu saMyama meM sAvadhAna hoM to apanI ArAdhanA kara sakate haiM, kiMtu ve gaNahita ke kAryoM meM sakriya nahIM hote| isa kAraNa isa bhaMga vAle adhika nirjarA bhI nahIM karate tathA unake vizeSa karmabaMdha aura puNyakSaya bhI nahIM hotA hai| ina bhaMgoM kA ciMtana karake prAtmaparIkSA karate hue zuddha se zuddhatara avasthA meM prAtmazakti kA vikAsa karanA caahie| arthAt apane kSayopazama ke anusAra gacchahita evaM jinazAsana kI prabhAvanA meM yogadAna denA caahie| sAtha hI prAtmA meM laghutA kA bhAva upasthita rakhate hue svayaM kA utkarSa aura dUsaroM kA tiraskAra-niMdA Adi nahIM karanA caahie| kyoMki kaSAyoM kI upazAMti aura AtmazAMti kI prApti karanA hI sAdhanA kA pramukha lakSya hai, usake viparIta mAnakaSAya kI vRddhi honA
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________________ basavAM uddezaka [445 kisI bhI puruSArtha kA acchA pariNAma nahIM hai, apitu duSpariNAma hai| isalie isakA viveka rakhanA Avazyaka hai| dharmadRDhatA kI caubhaMgiyAM 9. cattAri purisajAyA paNNattA, taM jahA-1. rUvaM nAmamege jahai, no dhamma, 2. dhamma nAmamege jahai, no rUvaM, 3. ege rUvaM vi jahai, dhamma vi jahai, 4. ege no rUvaM jahai, no dhammaM jahai / 10. cattAri purisajAyA paNNattA, taM jahA--1. dhammaM nAmamege jahai, no gaNasaMThiiM, 2. gaNasaMThiiM nAmamege jahai, no dhammaM, 3. ege gaNasaMThiI vi jahai, dhamma vi jahai, 4. ege no gaNasaMThiiM jahai, no dhammaM jhi| 11. cattAri purisajAyA paNNatA, taM jahA-1. piyadhamme nAmamege, no Dhadhamme, 2. daDhadhamme nAmamege, no piyadhamme, 3. ege piyadhamme vi, daDhadhamme vi, 4. ege no piyadhamme, no daDhadhamme / 9. cAra jAti ke puruSa kahe gaye haiM, jaise-1. koI rUpa (sAdhuveSa) ko chor3a detA hai, para dharma ko nahIM chor3atA hai / 2. koI dharma ko chor3a detA hai para rUpa ko nahIM chor3atA hai| 3. koI rUpa bhI chor3a detA hai aura dharma bhI chor3a detA hai / 4. koI na rUpa ko chor3atA hai aura na dharma ko chor3atA hai| 10. puna: cAra jAti ke puruSa kahe gaye haiM / jaise-1. koI dharma ko chor3atA hai, para gaNa kI saMsthiti arthAt gaNamaryAdA nahIM chor3atA hai / 2. koI gaNa kI maryAdA bhI chor3a detA hai, para dharma ko nahI chor3atA hai| 3. koI gaNa kI maryAdA bhI chor3a detA hai aura dharma bhI chor3a detA hai| 4. koI na gaNa kI maryAdA hI chor3atA hai aura na dharma hI chor3atA hai| 11. punaH cAra jAti ke puruSa kahe gaye haiM, jaise 1. koI priyadharmA hai para dRDhadharmA nahIM hai / 2. koI dRDhadharmA hai, para priyadharmA nahIM hai| 3. koI priyadharmA bhI hai aura dRDhadharmA bhI hai| 4. koI na priyadharmA hI hai aura na dRDhadharmA hI hai| vivecana--ina caubhaMgiyoM meM sAdhaka kI dharmadRDhatA Adi kA kathana kiyA gayA hai / jisameM nimna viSayoM kI carcA hai---- 1. sAdhuveza aura dharmabhAva, 2. dharmabhAva aura gaNasamAcArI kI paramparA, 3. dharmaprema aura dharmadRDhatA / prathama caubhaMgI meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki kaI vyakti kisI bhI paristhiti meM apane dharmabhAva aura sAdhuveza donoM ko nahIM chor3ate aura gambhIratA ke sAtha vikaTa paristhiti ko pAra kara lete haiN| yaha sAdhaka AtmAoM kI zreSTha avasthA hai| zeSa bhaMgavartI koI sAdhaka ghabarAkara bAhyaveSabhUSA kA aura saMyama-prAcAra kA parityAga kara detA hai, kintu dharmabhAvanA yA samyazraddhA ko kAyama rakhatA hai| aisA sAdhaka Atmonnati se vaMcita rahatA hai, kintu durgati kA bhAgI nahIM hotA hai|
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________________ 446] [vyavahArasUtra koI dharmabhAva kA parityAga kara dete haiM arthAt saMyamAcaraNa aura kaSAyoM kI upazAMti ko chor3a dete hai, kintu sAdhuveSa nahIM chor3ate haiN| kaI sAdhaka paristhiti Ane para donoM hI chor3a baiThate haiN| ye tInoM bhaMga vAle mArgacyuta hote haiM / phira bhI dUsare bhaMga vAlA dharma kA ArAdhaka ho sakatA hai / isa caubhaMgI meM cauthe bhaMga vAlA sAdhaka sarvazreSTha hai| dvitIya caubhaMgI ke cauthe bhaMga meM batAyA hai ki kaI sAdhaka kisI bhI paristhiti meM prAgamasamAcArI aura gacchasamAcArI kisI kA bhI bhaMga nahIM karate kintu dRDhatA evaM viveka ke sAtha sampUrNa samAcArI kA pAlana karate haiM, ve zreSTha sAdhaka haiM / zeSa tIna bhaMga meM kahe gaye sAdhaka alpa saphalatA vAle haiM / ve paristhitivaza kisI na kisI samAcArI se cyuta ho jAte haiN| una bhaMgoM kI saMyojanA pUrva caubhaMgI ke samAna samajha lenA caahie| tIsarI caubhaMgI meM dharmAcaraNoM kI dRDhatA aura dharma ke prati antaraMga prema, ina do guNoM kA kathana hai| dharmadaDhatA sthiracittatA evaM gambhIratA kI sUcaka hai aura dharmaprema pragADha zraddhA yA bhakti se sambandhita hai| kisI sAdhaka meM ye donoM guNa hote haiM, kisI meM koI eka guNa hotA hai aura kisI meM donoM hI guNoM kI maMdatA yA abhAva hotA hai| sArAMza-prathama caubhaMgI meM cauthA bhaMga uttama hai, dvitIya caubhaMgI meM bhI cauthA bhaMga uttama hai aura tIsarI caubhaMgI meM tIsarA bhaMga uttama hai| AcArya evaM ziSyoM ke prakAra 12. cattAri AyariyA paNNatA, taM jahA 1. pavAvaNAyarie nAmege, no uvaTThAvaNAyarie, 2. uvaDhAvaNAyarie nAmege, no pavAvaNAyarie, 3. ege pavvAvaNAyarie vi, uvaTThAvaNAyarie vi, 4. ege no pandhAvaNAyarie, no uvtttthaavnnaayrie-dhmyaayrie| 13. cattAri AyariyA paNNattA, taM jahA 1. uddesaNAyarie nAmege, no vAyaNAyarie, 2. vAyaNAyarie nAmege, no uddesnnaayrie| 3. ege uddesaNAyarie vi, vAyaNAyarie vi, 4. ege no uddesaNAyarie, no vaaynnaayrie-dhmmaayrie| 14. cattAri aMtevAsI paNNattA, taM jahA 1. pamvAvaNaMtevAsI nAmege no uvaTThAvaNaMtevAsI, 2. ubaTThAvaNaMtevAsI nAmege, no pavvAvaNaMtevAsI, 3. ege pavvAvaNaMtevAsI vi uvaTThAvaNaMtevAsI vi, 4. ege no panvAvaNaMtevAsI, no uvtttthaavnnNtevaasii-dhmmNtevaasii| 15. cattAri aMtevAsI paNNatA, taM jahA
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________________ dasavAM uddezaka] [447 1. uddesaNaMtevAsI nAmege, no vAyaNaMtevAsI, 2. vAyaNaMtevAsI nAmege, no uddesaNaMtevAsI, 3. ege uddesaNaMtevAso vi vAyaNaMtevAsI vi, 4. egeno uddesaNaMtevAsI, no vaaynnNtevaasii-dhmmNtevaasii| 12. cAra prakAra ke prAcArya kahe gaye haiM, yathA 1. koI prAcArya (kisI eka ziSya kI apekSA) pravrajyA dene vAle hote haiM, kintu mahAvatoM kA prAropaNa karane vAle nahI hote haiM / 2. koI AcArya mahAvratoM kA AropaNa karane vAle hote haiM, kintu pravrajyA dene vAle nahIM hote haiN| 3. koI prAcArya pravrajyA dene vAle bhI hote haiM aura mahAvatoM kA AropaNa karane vAle bhI hote haiM / 4. koI prAcArya na pravrajyA dene vAle hote haiM aura na mahAvratoM kA AropaNa karane vAle hote haiM, ve kevala dharmopadeza dene vAle hote haiM / 13. cAra prakAra ke prAcArya kahe gaye haiM, yathA---1. koI prAcArya (kisI eka ziSya kI apekSA malapATha kI vAcanA dene vAle hote haiM. kinta artha kI vAcanA dene vAle nahIM hote haiN| 2. koI prAcArya artha kI vAcanA dene vAle hote haiM, kintu mUlapATha kI vAcanA dene vAle nahIM hote haiM / 3. koI prAcArya mUlapATha kI vAcanA dene vAle bhI hote haiM aura artha kI bAcanA dene vAle bhI hote haiN| 4. koI prAcArya mUlapATha kI vAcanA dene vAle bhI nahIM hote haiM aura artha kI vAcanA dene vAle bhI hote haiM, ve kevala dharmAcArya hote haiM / 14. antevAsI (ziSya) cAra prakAra ke kahe gaye haiM, jaise-1. koI pravrajyAziSya hai, parantu upasthApanAziSya nahIM hai| 2. koI upasthApanAziSya hai, parantu pravrajyAziSya nahIM / 3. koI pravajyAziSya bhI hai aura upasthApanAziSya bhI hai / 4. koI na pravrajyAziSya hai aura na upasthApanA ziSya hai / kintu dharmopadeza se pratibodhita ziSya hai| 15. punaH antevAsI cAra prakAra ke kahe gaye haiM, jaise-1. koI uddezana-antevAsI hai, parantu vAcanA-antevAsI nahIM hai / 2. koI vAcanA-antevAsI hai, parantu uddezana-antevAsI nahIM hai| 3. koI uddezana-antevAsI bhI hai aura vAcanA-antevAsI bhI hai| 4. koI na uddezana-antevAsI hai aura na vAcanA-antevAsI hai| kintu dharmopadeza se pratibodhita ziSya hai / vivecana-ina caubhaMgiyoM meM guru aura ziSya se sambandhita nimnalikhita viSayoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai 1. dIkSAdAtA guru aura ziSya / 2. bar3IdIkSAdAtA guru aura ziSya / 3. Agama ke mUlapATha kI vAcanAdAtA guru aura ziSya / 4. sUtrArtha kI vAcanAdAtA guru aura ziSya / 5. pratibodha-dene vAlA guru aura ziSya / kisI bhI ziSya ko dIkSA, bar3IdIkSA yA pratibodha dene vAle pRthak-pRthak prAcArya nirdhArita nahIM hote haiM arthAt prAcArya, upAdhyAya yA anya koI bhI zramaNa-zramaNI guru kI AjJA se kisI ko bhI
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________________ 448] [vyavahArasUtra dIkSA, bar3I dIkSA yA pratibodha de sakate haiM / unako isa sUtra ke "Ayariya" zabda se sUcita kiyA gayA hai| isI taraha ziSya ko bhI bhinna-bhinna zabdoM se sUcita kiyA hai / ___ eka hI bhikSu dIkSAdAtA Adi pUrvokta pAMcoM kA kArya sampanna kara sakatA hai athavA koI hInAdhika kAryoM kA kartA ho sakatA hai aura koI bhikSu pAMcoM hI avasthAoM se rahita bhinna avasthA vAlA arthAt sAmAnya bhikSu bhI hotA hai / ukta pAMcoM kArya sampanna karane vAle sAdhunoM ko prathama do caubhaMgiyoM meM "prAyariya" zabda se sUcita kiyA hai aura unake ziSyoM ko bAda kI do cobhaMgiyoM se sUcita kiyA hai| isa prakAra ina caubhaMgiyoM ke ye bhaMga kevala jJeya haiM, arthAta ina caubhaMgiyoM ke kisI bhaMga ko prazasta yA aprazasta nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| sthavira ke prakAra 16. tamo therabhUmIno paNNatAo, taM jahA-1. jAi-there, 2. sUya-thede, 3. priyaay-there| 1. saTTivAsajAe samaNe niggaMthe jAi-there / 2. ThANa-samavAyAMgadhare samaNe niggathe suy-there| 3. vIsavAsapariyAe samaNe niggaMthe priyaay-there| 16. sthavira tIna prakAra ke kahe gaye haiM, yathA-1. vaya-sthavira, 2. zruta-sthavira, 3. paryAyasthavira / 1. sATha varSa kI Ayu vAle zramaNa-nirgrantha vayasthavira haiN| 2. sthAnAMga-samavAyAMga ke dhAraka zramaNa-nirgrantha zrutasthavira haiN| 3. bIsa varSa kI dIkSA-paryAya ke dhAraka zramaNa-nirgrantha paryAyasthavira haiN| vivecana-"bhUmi" zabda yahAM "avasthA" artha meM prayukta hai / jo sthira svabhAva vAle ho jAte haiM ve apUrNa yA caMcala nahIM hote haiM / ataH ve sthavira kahe jAte haiM / (1) vayasthavira--sUtra meM garbhakAla sahita 60 varSa kI umra vAloM ko vayasthavira sUcita kiyA hai aura vyava. bhASya udde 3 sUtra 11 meM 70 varSa kI vaya vAle ko sthavira kahA hai| vahAM usake pUrva kI avasthA ko prauDha avasthA kahA hai / ye donoM kathana sApekSa haiM, inameM virodha nahIM samajhanA cAhie / (2) zrutasthavira-sthAnAMga, samavAyAMgasUtra ko kaMThastha dhAraNa karanevAlA arthAt AcArAMgAdi cAra aMga, cAra cheda evaM uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAlika aura Avazyaka sUtra ko arthasahita kaNThastha dhAraNa karane vAlA zrutajJAna kI apekSA zrutasthavira kahA jAtA hai| (3) paryAyasthavira-saMyamaparyAya ke bIsa varSa pUrNa ho jAne para bhikSu "paryAyasthavira" kahA jAtA hai| ye tInoM prakAra ke sthaviratva paraspara nirapekSa haiM arthAt svataMtra haiN| isa sUtra meM ye tInoM prakAra ke sthavira sAdhu-sAdhviyoM kI apekSA se hI kahe gaye haiN|
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________________ vasavAM uddezaka] ina sthaviroM ke prati kyA-kyA vyavahAra karanA cAhie, isakA bhASya meM isaprakAra spaSTIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| (1) janmasthavira ko kAla-svabhAvAnusAra AhAra denA, usake yogya upadhi, zayyAsaMstAraka denA arthAt Rtu ke anukUla savAta-nirvAta sthAna aura mRdu saMstAraka denA tathA vihAra meM usake upakaraNa aura pAnI uThAnA ityAdi anukampA karanI cAhie / (2) zrutasthavira kA Adara-satkAra, abhyutthAna, kRtikarma, AsanapradAna, pAda-pramArjana karanA ke pratyakSa yA parokSa meM guNakIrtana-prazaMsA karanA, unake samakSa ucca zayyA Asana se nahIM baiThanA, unake nirdezAnusAra kArya karanA / (3) paryAyasthavira kA Adara-satkAra, abhyutthAna, vaMdana karanA, khamAsamaNA denA, unakA daNDAdi upakaraNa grahaNa karanA evaM ucita vinaya karanA / ye sthavira gaNa kI RddhirUpa hote haiN| inakA tiraskAra, abhakti Adi karanA virAdhanA kA kAraNa hai, aisA karane se gurucaumAsI prAyazcitta pAtA hai| bar3I dIkSA dene kA kAlapramANa 17. to sehabhUmIo paNNattAo, taM jahA-1. sattarAIdiyA, 2. cAummAsiyA, 3. chmmaasiyaa| chammAsiyA ukkosiyaa| cAummAsiyA majjhamiyA / sattarAIdiyA jahanniyA 17. navadIkSita ziSya ko tIna zaikSa-bhUmiyAM kahI gaI haiM, jaise--1. saptarAtri, 2. cAturmAsika, 3. paannmaasikii| utkRSTa chaha mAsa se mahAvrata AropaNa karanA / madhyama cAra mAsa se mahAvata AropaNa karanA / jaghanya sAta dina-rAta ke bAda mahAvrata AropaNa krnaa| vivecana-dIkSA dene ke bAda evaM upasthApanA ke pUrva kI madhyagata avasthA ko yahAM zakSa-bhUmi kahA gayA hai| jaghanya zaikSakAla sAta ahorAtra kA hai, isalie kama se kama sAta rAtri vyatIta hone para arthAta AThaveM dina bar3I dIkSA dI jA sakatI hai| upasthApanA saMbaMdhI anya vivecana vyava. udde. 4 sUtra 15 meM pratikramaNa evaM samAcArI adhyayana ke pUrNa na hone ke kAraNa madhyama aura utkRSTa zaikSa-kAla ho sakatA hai, athavA sAtha meM dIkSita hone vAle koI mAnanIya pUjya puruSa kA kAraNa bhI ho sakatA hai| __ jaghanya zaikSa-kAla to sabhI ke lie Avazyaka hI hotA hai| itane samaya meM kaI aMtaraMga jAnakAriyAM ho jAtI haiM, parIkSaNa bhI ho jAtA hai aura pratikramaNa evaM samAcArI kA jJAna bhI pUrNa karAyA jA sakatA hai| kisI apekSA ko lekara sAtaveM dina bar3I dIkSA dene kI paramparA bhI pracalita hai, kiMtu sUtrAnusAra sAta rAtri vyatIta hone ke pUrva bar3I dIkSA denA ucita nahIM hai| isa viSayaka vizeSa vivecana u. 4 sU. 15 meM dekheN|
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________________ 450] [vyavahArasUtra bAlaka-bAlikA ko bar3I dIkSA dene kA vidhi-niSedha 18. no kappai NiggaMdhANa vA NiggaMthINa vA khuDagaM vA khuDDiyaM vA UNavAsajAyaM uvaTThAvettae vA saMbhu jittae vaa| 19. kappai NiggaMthANa yA NiggaMthINa vA khuDDagaM vA khuDDiyaM vA sAirega aTThavAsajAyaM uvaTThAvettae vA saMbhujittae thaa| 18. nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko aATha varSa se kama umra vAle bAlaka-bAlikA ko bar3I dIkSA denA aura unake sAtha AhAra karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| 19. nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko ATha varSa se adhika umra vAle bAlaka-bAlikA ko bar3I dIkSA denA aura unake sAtha AhAra karanA kalpatA hai| vivecana-pUrva sUtra meM zaikSa-bhUmi ke kathana se upasthApanA kAla kahA gayA hai aura yahAM para kSullaka-kSullikA arthAt choTI umra ke bAlaka-bAlikA kI upasthApanA kA kathana kiyA gayA hai / yadi mAtA-pitA Adi ke sAtha kisI kAraNa se choTI umra ke bAlaka ko dIkSA de dI jAya to kucha bhI adhika ATha varSa arthAt garbhakAla sahita nau varSa ke pUrva bar3I dIkSA nahIM denI caahie| itanA samaya pUrNa ho jAne para bar3I dIkSA dI jA sakatI hai| sAmAnyatayA to isa vaya ke pUrva dIkSA bhI nahIM denI caahie| ata: yaha sUtrokta upasthApanA kA vidhAna prApavAdika paristhiti kI apekSA se hai, aisA samajhanA cAhie / athavA upasthApanA se dIkSA yA bar3I dIkSA donoM hI sUcita hai, aisA bhI samajhA jA sakatA hai| atyadhika choTI umra ke bAlaka kA asthiracitta evaM caMcala honA svAbhAvika hai evaM usakA jidda karanA, ronA, khelanA, aviveka se TaTTI pezAba kara denA Adi sthitiyoM se saMyama kI hAni honA saMbhava rahatA hai / isI kAraNa se nau varSa kI umra ke pUrva dIkSA yA bar3I dIkSA dene kA niSedha evaM prAyazcitta vidhAna hai| sUtra meM "saMbhujittae" kriyA pada bhI hai, usakA tAtparya yaha hai ki upasthApanA ke pUrva navadIkSita sAdhu ko eka mAMDalika AhAra nahIM karAyA jA sakatA hai| kyoMki taba taka vaha sAmAyikacAritra vAlA hotA hai / bar3I dIkSA ke bAda vaha chedopasthApanIya cAritra vAlA ho jAtA hai| usI ke sAtha eka mAMDalika pAhAra karane kA vidhAna hai, aisA samajhanA caahie| bAlaka ko AcAraprakalpa ke adhyayana karAne kA niSedha 20. no kappaDa niragaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA khuDDagassa vA khuDDiyAe vA avaMjaNajAyassa prAyArapakappe NAmaM ajjhayaNe uddisitte| 21. kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA khuDDagassa vA khuDDiyAe vA vaMjaNajAyassa AyArapakappe NAmaM ajjhAyaNe uddisittae /
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________________ vasavAM uddezaka] 20. avyaMjanajAta arthAt aprApta yauvana vAle bAlaka bhikSu yA bhikSuNI ko AcAraprakalpa nAmaka adhyayana par3hAnA nirgrantha aura nirgranthiyoM ko nahIM kalpatA hai| 21. vyaMjanajAta arthAt yauvana prApta bhikSu yA bhikSuNI ko prAcAraprakalpa nAmaka adhyayana par3hAnA nirgrantha aura nigraMnthiyoM ko kalpatA hai| vivecana-yahAM para AcArAMgasUtra aura nizIthasUtra ko AcAraprakalpa kahA gayA hai / isakA adhyayana solaha varSa se kama umra vAle sAdhu-sAdhvI ko karAne kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai / isa viSayaka saMpUrNa vivecana nizItha udde. 19 sUtra 20 meM dekheM / dIkSAparyAya ke sAtha AgamoM kA adhyayanakrama 22. tivAsa-pariyAyassa samaNassa niggaMthassa kappai AyArapakappe nAma ajjhayaNe uddisitte| 23. cauvAsa-pariyAyassa samaNassa NiggaMthassa kappai sUyagaDe nAma aMge uddisittae / 24. paMcavAsa-pariyAyassa samaNassa NiggaMthassa kappai dasA-kappa-vavahAre uddisittae / 25. aTThavAsa-pariyAyassa samaNassa NiggaMthassa kappai ThANa-samavAe uddisitte| 26. dasavAsa-pariyAyassa samaNassa NiggaMthassa kappai viyAhe nAmaM aMge uddisitte| 27. ekkArasavAsa-pariyAyassa samaNassa NiggaMthassa kappai khuDDiyA vimANapavibhattI, mahalliyAvimANapavibhattI, aMgacUliyA, vaggacUliyA, viyAhacUliyA nAmaM ajjhayaNe uddisitte| 28. bArasavAsa-pariyAyassa samaNassa NiggaMthassa kappai aruNovavAe, varuNovavAe, garulovavAe, dharaNokvAe, vesamaNovavAe, velaMdharovavAe, nAmaM ajmayaNe uddisittae / 29. terasavAsa-pariyAyassa samaNassa NiggaMthassa kappai uTThANasue, samuTThANasue, devivapariyAvaNie, nAgapariyAvaNie nAma ajjhayaNe uhisittae / 30. codasavAsa-pariyAyassa samaNassa NiggaMthassa kappai sumiNabhAvaNAnAma ajjhayaNe uddisitte| 31. pannarasavAsa-pariyAyassa samaNassa NiggaMthassa kappai cAraNabhAvaNAnAma ajjhayaNe uddisitte| 32. solasavAsa-pariyAyassa samaNassa NiggaMthassa kappA teyaNisagge nAmaM ajjhayaNe uddisitte|
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________________ 452] [vyavahArasUtra 33. sattarasavAsa-pariyAyassa samaNassa NiggaMthassa kappai AsIvisabhAvaNANAmaM ajjhayaNe uddisitte| 34. aTThArasavAsa-pariyAyassa samaNassa jiggaMthassa kappai diddhivisabhAvaNANAmaM ajmayaNe uddisitte| 35. egUNavIsavAsa-pariyAyassa samaNassa NiggaMthassa kappai diTTivAya nAma aMge uddisittae / 36. vIsavAsa-pariyAe samaNe NiggaMthe savvasuyANuvAI bhavai / 22. tIna varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAle (yogya) zramaNa-nirgrantha ko prAcAraprakalpa nAmaka adhyayana par3hAnA kalpatA hai| 23. cAra varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAle zramaNa-nirgrantha ko sUtrakRtAMga nAmaka dUsarA aMga par3hAnA kalpatA hai| 24. pAMca varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAle zramaNa-nirgrantha ko dazA, kalpa, vyavahAra sUtra par3hAnA kalpatA hai| 25. ATha varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAle zramaNa-nirgrantha ko sthAnAMga aura samavAyAMgasUtra par3hAnA kalpatA hai| 26. daza varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAle zramaNa-nirgrantha ko vyAkhyAprajJapti nAmaka aMga par3hAnA kalpatA hai| 27. gyAraha varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAle zramaNa-nirgrantha ko kSullikA vimAnapravibhakti, mahallikA vimAnapravibhakti, aMgacUlikA, vargacUlikA aura vyAkhyAcUlikA nAmaka adhyayana par3hAnA kalpatA hai| 28. bAraha varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAle zramaNa-nirgrantha ko aruNopapAta, varuNopapAta, garuDopapAta, dharaNopapAta, vaizramaNopapAta, velandharopapAta nAmaka adhyayana par3hAnA kalpatA hai| 29. teraha varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAle zramaNa-nirgrantha ko utthAnazruta, samutthAnazruta, devendrapariyApanikA aura nAgapariyApanikA nAmaka adhyayana par3hAnA kalpatA hai / 30. caudaha varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAle zramaNa-nirgrantha ko svapnabhAvanA nAmaka adhyayana par3hAnA kalpatA hai| 31. pandraha varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAle zramaNa-nirgrantha ko cAraNabhAvanA nAmaka adhyayana par3hAnA kalpatA hai|
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________________ dasavAM uddezaka ] [ 453 32. solaha varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAle zramaNa-nirgrantha ko tejonisarga nAmaka adhyayana par3hAnA kalpatA hai| 33. sattaraha varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAle zramaNa-nirgrantha ko AsIviSabhAvanA nAmaka adhyayana par3hAnA kalpatA hai| 34. aThAraha varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAle zramaNa-nirgrantha ko dRSTi viSabhAvanA nAmaka adhyayana par3hAnA kalpatA hai| 35. unnIsa varSa ko dIkSAparyAya vAle zramaNa-nirgrantha ko dRSTivAda nAmaka bArahavAM aMga par3hAnA kalpatA hai| 36. bIsa varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAlA zramaNa-nigrantha sarvazruta ko dhAraNa karane vAlA ho jAtA hai| vivecana-ina pandraha sUtroM meM kramazaH AgamoM ke adhyayana kA kathana dIkSAparyAya kI apekSA se kiyA gayA hai| jisameM tIna varSa se lekara bIsa varSa taka kA kathana hai|| yaha adhyayanakrama isa sUtra ke racayitA zrI bhadrabAhusvAmI ke samaya upalabdha zrutoM ke anusAra hai / usake bAda meM racita evaM niyUMDha sUtroM kA isa adhyayanakrama meM ullekha nahIM hai / ataH uvavAI Adi 12 upAMgasatra evaM malasatroM ke adhyayanakrama kI yahAM vivakSA nahIM kI gaI hai| phira bhI prAcArazAstra ke adhyayana kara lene para arthAt chedasUtroM ke adhyayana ke bAda aura ThANAMga, samavAyAMga tathA bhagavatIsUtra ke adhyayana ke pahale yA pIche kabhI bhI una zeSa sUtroM kA adhyayana karanA samajha lenA caahie| AvazyakasUtra kA adhyayana to upasthApanA ke pUrva hI kiyA jAtA hai tathA bhASya meM prAcArAMga va nizItha ke pUrva dazavakAlika aura uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke adhyayana karane kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| usase sambandhita uddharaNa tIsare uddezaka meM de diye gaye haiM tathA nizI. u. 19 meM isa viSaya meM vinecana kiyA hai| 1. dazavakAlikasUtra ke viSaya meM aisI dhAraNA pracalita hai ki bhadrabAhusvAmI se pUrva zayyaMbhavasvAmI ne apane putra "manaka" ke lie isa sUtra kI racanA kI thii| phira saMgha ke Agraha se ise punaH pUrvo meM vilIna nahIM kiyA aura svataMtra rUpa meM rahane diyA / 2. uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke lie bhI aisI paramparA pracalita hai ki ye 36 adhyayana bha. mahAvIra svAmI ne aMtima dezanA meM pharamAye the / usa samaya dezanA sunakara kisI sthavira ne unakA sUtra rUpa meM guthana kiyaa| kintu prastuta Agamaadhyayanakrama meM bhadrabAhusvAmI dvArA ina donoM sUtroM ko sthAna nahIM die jAne ke kAraNa evaM una aitihAsika kathanoM kA sUkSmabuddhi se parizIlana karane para sahaja hI yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki ye donoM sUtroM se saMbaMdhita dhAraNAeM kAlpanika haiM / vAstava meM ye sUtra bhadrabAhusvAmI ke bAda meM aura devaddhigaNI ke samaya taka kisI bhI kAla meM saMkalita kie gae haiN|
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________________ 454] [ vyavahArasUtra itihAsa ke nAma se samaya-samaya para aisI kaI kalpanAeM pracalita huI haiM yA kI gaI haiN| jaise ki--niyukti, bhASya, cUNiyAM Adi vAstava meM to naMdIsUtra kI racanA ke bAda prAcAryoM dvArA racita grantha haiN| phira bhI inake viSaya meM 14 pUrvI yA tIna pUrvI Adi ke dvArA racita hone ke kalpita itihAsa prasiddha kie gae haiN| mahAvidehakSetra se sthUlibhadra kI bahana ke dvArA do athavA cAra cUlikA lAne kA kathana pariziSTaparva Adi bhinna-bhinna granthoM meM hai / ve grantha sthUlibhadra ke samaya se 800-900 varSa bAda race gae haiN| una granthakAroM ke pUrva hue TIkAkAra, cUrNikAra Adi una cUlikAoM ke lie mahAvideha se lAne saMbaMdhI koI kalpanA na karake unheM maulika racanA honA hI svIkAra karate haiN| paryuSaNAkalpasUtra kA 12vIM-terahavIM zatAbdI saka nAma bhI nahIM thaa| use bhI 14 pUrvI bhadrabAhusvAmI dvArA racita honA pracArita kara diyA, dekheM dazA. da. 8 kA vivecana / ___ ata: uttarAdhyayana, dazavakAlika ina donoM sUtroM kI racanA vyavahArasUtra kI racanA ke bAda mAnane meM koI Apatti nahIM hai| kintu usake pahale ke prAcAryoM dvArA racita mAnane para isa vyavahArasUtra ke adhyayanakrama meM inakA nirdeza na honA vicAraNIya rahatA hai evaM isa viSayaka pracalita itihAsaparaMparAeM bhI vicAra karane para tarkasaMgata nahIM hotI haiN| ina sUtroM meM jo tIna varSa paryAya Adi kA kathana kiyA gayA hai, usakA do taraha se artha kiyA jA sakatA hai (1) dIkSAparyAya ke tIna varSa pUrNa hone para una AgamoM kA adhyayana krnaa| (2) tIna varSoM ke dIkSAparyAya meM yogya bhikSu ko kama se kama AgamoM kA adhyayana kara lenA yA karA denA caahie| ina donoM arthoM meM dUsarA artha AgamAnusArI hai, isakA spaSTIkaraNa u. 3 sU. 3 ke vivecana meM kiyA gayA hai / pAThaka vahAM se samajha leN| dasa varSa kI dIkSAparyAya ke bAda meM adhyayana karane ke lie kahe gae sUtroM meM se prAyaH sabhI sUtra naMdIsUtra kI racanA ke samaya meM kAlika zrutarUpa meM upalabdha the| kintu vartamAna meM unameM se koI bhI sUtra upalabdha nahIM hai / kevala 'teyanisarga' nAmaka adhyayana bhagavatIsUtra ke paMdrahaveM zataka meM upalabdha hai| jJAtAsUtra Adi aMgasUtroM kA prastuta adhyayana meM nirdeza nahIM kiyA gayA hai, isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki ina sUtroM meM prAyaH dharmakathA kA varNana hai, jinake krama kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI hai| yathAvasara kabhI bhI inakA adhyayana kiyA yA karAyA jA sakatA hai| praznavyAkaraNasUtra meM upalabdha Azrava-saMvara kA varNana gaNadhararacita nahIM hai, kintu sUtra kI racanA ke bAda meM saMkalita kiyA gayA hai / ina sUtroM meM sUcita kiye gaye AgamoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM (1-2) prAcArAMgasUtra evaM nizIthasUtra, (3) sUyagaDAMgasUtra, (4, 5, 6) dazAzrutaskadhasUtra, bRhatkalpasUtra aura vyavahArasUtra, (7, 8) ThANAMgasUtra, samavAyAMgasUtra, (9) bhgvtiisuutr| (10-14) kSullikA vimAnapravibhakti, mahallikA vimAnapravibhakti, aMgacUlikA, vargacUlikA, vyAkhyAcUlikA / Jain Education international
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________________ dasavAM uddezaka] [ 455 (15-20) aruNopapAta, varuNopapAta, garuDopapAta, dharaNopapAta, vaizramaNopapAta, velandharopapAta, (21-24) utthAnazruta, samutthAnazruta, devendrapariyApanikA, nAgapariyApanikA, (25) svapnabhAvanA adhyayana, (26) cAraNabhAvanA adhyayana, (27) tejanisarga adhyayana, (28) AzIviSabhAvanA adhyayana, (29) dRSTiviSabhAvanA adhyayana, (30) dRSTivAda aNg| sUtrAMka 10 se 29 taka ke Agama dRSTivAda nAmaka aMga ke hI adhyayana the athavA usase alaga niyUMDha kiye gaye sUtra the| ina sabhI kA nAma naMdIsUtra meM kAlikazruta kI sUcI meM diyA gayA hai| ina sUtroM ke aMta meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki bIsa varSa kI dIkSAparyAya taka saMpUrNazruta kA adhyayana kara lenA caahie| tadanusAra vartamAna meM bhI pratyeka yogya bhikSu ko upalabdha sabhI pAgamazruta kA adhyayana bIsa varSa meM paripUrNa kara lenA caahie| usake bAda pravacanaprabhAvanA karanI cAhie athavA nivRttimaya sAdhanA meM rahakara svAdhyAya, dhyAna, kAyotsarga prAdi meM lIna rahate hue AtmasAdhanA karanI caahie| uparyukta AgamoM kI vAcanA yogya ziSya ko yathAkrama se hI denI cAhie, ityAdi vistRta varNana nizI. u. 19 meM dekheN| vaiyAvRtya ke prakAra evaM mahAnirjarA 37. dasavihe veyAvacce paNNatte, taM jahA-1. Ayariya-veyAvacce, 2. uvamAya-yAvacce, 3. thera-veyAvacce, 4. tavassi-veyAvacce, 5. seha-yAvacce, 6. gilANa-veyAvacce, 7. sAhammiyabeyAvacce, 8. kula-veyAvacce, 9. gaNa-ceyAvacce, 10. sNgh-veyaavcce| 1. Ayariya-veyAvaccaM karemANe samaNe niggathe mahAnijjare, mahApajjavasANe bhavai / 2. uvajjhAya-veyAvaccaM karemANe samaNe niggaMthe mahAnijjare, mahApajjavasANe bhavai / 3. thera-beyAvaccaM karemANe samaNe niggaMthe mahAnijjare, mahApajjavasANe bhavai / 4. tavassi-veyAvaccaM karemANe samaNe niggaMthe mahAnijjare, mahApajjavasANe bhavai / 5. seha-yAvaccaM karemANe samaNe niggaMthe mahAnijjare, mahApajjavasANe bhavai / 6. gilANa-veyAvaccaM karemANe samaNe niggathe mahAnijjare, mahApajjavasANe bhavai / 7. sAhammiya-veyAvaccaM karemANe samaNe niggathe mahAnijjare, mahApajjavasANe bhvi| . 8. kula-yAvaccaM karemANe samaNe niggaMthe mahAnijjare, mahApajjavasANe bhavai / 9. gaNa-veyAvaccaM karemANe samaNe niggaMthe mahAnijjare, mahApajjavasANe bhavai / 10. saMgha-veyAvaccaM karemANe samaNe niggathe mahAnijjare, mahApajjavasANe bhavai / 37. vaiyAvRtya dasa prakAra kA kahA gayA hai, jaise-1. prAcArya-vaiyAvRtya, 2. upAdhyAyavaiyAvRtya, 3. sthavira-vaiyAvRtya, 4. tapasvI-vaiyAvRtya, 5. zaikSa-vaiyAvRtya, 6. glAna-vaiyAvRtya, 7. sArmika-vaiyAvRtya, 8. kula-vaiyAvRtya, 9. gaNa-vaiyAvRtya, 10. saMgha-vaiyAvRtya /
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________________ 456 ] [ vyavahArasUtra - 1. prAcArya kI vaiyAvRtya karane vAlA zramaNa-nirgrantha mahAnirjarA aura mahAparyavasAna vAlA hotA hai| 2. upAdhyAya kI vaiyAvRtya karane vAlA zramaNa-nirgrantha mahAnirjarA aura mahAparyavasAna vAlA hotA hai| 3. sthavira kI vaiyAvRtya karane vAlA zramaNa-nirgrantha mahAnirjarA aura mahAparyavasAna vAlA hotA hai| 4. tapasvI kI vaiyAvRtya karane vAlA zramaNa-nirgrantha mahAnirjarA aura mahAparyavasAna vAlA hotA hai| 5. zaikSa kI vayAvRtya karane vAlA zramaNa-nirgrantha mahAnirjarA aura mahAparyavasAna vAlA hotA hai| 6. glAna kI vaiyAvRtya karane vAlA zramaNa-nirgrantha mahAnirjarA aura mahAparyavasAna vAlA hotA hai| 7. sArmika kI vaiyAvRtya karane vAlA zramaNa-nirgrantha mahAnirjarA aura mahAparyavasAna vAlA hotA hai 8. kula kI vaiyAvRtya karane vAlA zramaNa-nirgrantha mahAnirjarA aura mahAparyavasAna vAlA hotA hai| 9. gaNa kI baiyAvRtya karane vAlA zramaNa-nirgrantha mahAnirjarA aura mahAparyavasAna vAlA hotA hai| 10. saMgha kI vaiyAvRtya karane vAlA zramaNa-nirgrantha mahAnirjarA aura mahAparyavasAna vAlA hotA hai| vivecana--pUrvasUtra meM nirjarA ke pramukha sAdhana rUpa svAdhyAya kA kathana kiyA gayA hai aura prastuta sUtra meM vaiyAvRtya se mahAnirjarA evaM mahAparyavasAna arthAt mokSaprApti kA kathana kiyA gayA hai / __yahAM prAcArya Adi dasoM ke kathana meM vaiyAvRtya ke pAtra sabhI sAdhuoM kA samAveza kara diyA gayA hai| yaha vaiyAvRtya bhASya meM teraha prakAra kA kahA gayA hai, yathA(1) AhAra-ukta AcArya Adi ke liye yathAyogya AhAra lAnA va denA Adi / (2) pAnI-pAnI kI gaveSaNA karanA evaM lAnA-denA aadi| (3) zayanAsana zayanAsana kI niyukti karanA, saMstAraka bichAnA yA gaveSaNA karake lAnA tathA zayyA bhUmi kA pramArjana krnaa| (4) pratilekhana upakaraNoM kA pratilekhana karanA va zuddhi krnaa| (5-7) pAe--auSadha, bheSaja lAnA-denA yA pAdapramArjana krnaa|
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________________ dasavAM uddezaka] [457 (8) mArga-vihAra Adi meM upadhi vahana Adi upagraha karanA tathA unake sAtha-sAtha calanA aadi| (9) rAjadviSTa-rAjAdi ke dveSa kA nivAraNa krnaa| (10) stena-cora Adi se rakSA karanA / (11) daMDaggaha-upAzraya se bAhara gamanAgamana karate samaya unake hAtha meM se daMDa pAtra Adi grahaNa karanA / athavA upAzraya meM Ane para unake daMDa Adi grahaNa krnaa| (12) glAna-bImAra kI aneka prakAra se sambhAla karanA, pUchatAcha karanA / (13) mAtraka-uccAra, prasravaNa, khela mAtraka kI zuddhi karanA arthAt una padArthoM ko ekAMta meM visarjana krnaa| bhASyakAra ne batAyA hai ki sUtra meM kahe gaye prAcArya pada se tIrthakara kA bhI grahaNa samajha lenA caahie| kyoMki gaNadhara gautamasvAmI bhagavAna ke lie "dharmAcArya" zabda kA nirdeza karate the| -bhaga.za.2,u.1skandhaka varNana / kula-eka guru kI paramparA kula hai| gaNa-eka pramukha prAcArya kI paramparA "gaNa" hai / saMgha-sabhI gacchoM kA samUha "saMgha" hai| vaiyAvRtya sambandhI anya varNana udde. 5 meM kiyA gayA hai| sUtra 1-2 dasaveM uddezaka kA sArAMza yavamadhyacandrapratimA aura vajramadhyacandrapratimA kA sUtrokta vidhi se viziSTa saMhanana vAle zrutasampanna bhikSu pArAdhana kara sakate haiN| ye pratimAe~ eka-eka mAsa kI hotI haiN| inameM AhAra-pAnI kI datti kI hAni-vRddhi kI jAtI hai / sAtha hI anya aneka niyama, abhigraha kie jAte haiM evaM parISaha upasargoM ko dhairya ke sAtha zarIra ke prati nirapekSa hokara sahana kiyA jAtA hai / Agama, zruta, AjJA, dhAraNA, jIta ina pAMca vyavahAroM meM se jisa samaya jo upalabdha hoM, unakA kramazaH niSpakSa bhAva se prAyazcitta evaM tattva nirNaya meM upayoga karanA caahie| svArtha, Agraha yA upekSA bhAva ke kAraNa vyutkrama se upayoga nahIM karanA cAhie arthAt kevala dhAraNA ko hI adhika mahattva na dekara AgamoM ke vidhiniSedha ko pramukhatA denI caahie| sevAkArya evaM gaNakArya karane ke sAtha mAna karane yA na karane kI pAMca caubhaMgiyoM kA kathana hai| dharma meM, prAcAra meM aura gaNasamAcArI meM sthira rahane vAloM yA usakA tyAga dene vAloM sambandhI do caubhaMgiyAM haiN| 9-10
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________________ 458 [vyavahArasUtra 11 12-15 18-19 dRDhadharmI aura priyadharmI sambandhI eka caubhaMgI hai| dIkSAdAtA, bar3I dIkSAdAtA, mUla-pAgama ke vAcanAdAtA, artha-Agama ke vAcanAdAtA kI evaM inase sambandhita ziSyoM kI kula cAra caubhaMgiyAM kahI gaI haiM evaM unake antima bhaMga ke sAtha dharmAcArya (pratibodhadAtA) Adi kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| tIna prakAra ke sthavira hote haiN| zaikSa ko upasthApanA ke pUrva kI tIna avasthAeM hotI haiM / garbhakAla sahita 9 varSa ke pUrva kisI ko dIkSA nahIM denA / kAraNavaza dIkSA dI gaI ho to bar3I dIkSA nahIM denA caahie| avyakta (16 varSa se kama vaya vAle) ko prAcArAMga-nizItha kI vAcanA na denA, anya adhyayana kraanaa| bIsa varSa kI dIkSAparyAya taka yogya ziSyoM ko sUtrokta AgamoM kI vAcanA pUrNa kraanaa| prAcAryAdi daza kI bhAvayukta vaiyAvRtya karanA / inakI vaiyAvRtya se mahAn karmoM kI nirjarA evaM mukti kI prApti hotI hai| 20-21 22-36 upasaMhAra 1-2 4-15 isa uddezaka meMdo candrapratimAnoM kA, pAMca vyavahAra kA, aneka caubhaMgiyoM kA, sthavira ke prakAroM kA, zaikSa ko avasthAoM kA, bAladIkSA ke vidhi-niSedha kA, prAgama-adhyayanakrama kA, vaiyAvRtya kA, ityAdi viSayoM kA kathana kiyA gayA hai / // dasavAM uddezaka samApta // 18-19 20-36
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________________ anadhyAMyakAla [sva0 AcAryapravara zrI prAtmArAmajI ma0 dvArA sampAvita nandIsUtra se uddhRta] svAdhyAya ke lie AgamoM meM jo samaya batAyA gayA hai, usI samaya zAstroM kA svAdhyAya karanA cAhie / anadhyAyakAla meM svAdhyAya varjita hai| manusmRti Adi smRtiyoM meM bhI anadhyAyakAla kA vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA gayA hai| vaidika loga bhI veda ke anadhyAyoM kA ullekha karate haiN| isI prakAra anya ArSa granthoM kA bhI anadhyAya mAnA jAtA hai| jainAgama bhI sarvajJokta, devAdhiSThita tathA svaravidyA saMyukta hone ke kAraNa, inakA bhI pAgamoM meM anadhyAyakAla varNita kiyA gayA hai, jaise ki dasavidhe aMtalikkhite asajjhAe paNNatte, taM jahA-ukkAvAte, disidAghe, gajjite, nigdhAte, juvate, jakkhAlitte, dhUmitA, mahitA, rayaugghAte / dasavihe orAlite asajjhAtite, taM jahA-aTThI, maMsaM, soNitte, asutisAmaMte, susANasAmaMte, caMdovarAte, sUrovarAte, paDane, rAyavuggahe , uvassayassa aMto orAlie sriirge| -sthAnAGgasUtra, sthAna 10 no kappati niggaMthANa vA, niggaMthINa vA cauhi mahApADivaehi sajjhAyaM karittae, taM jahAAsADhapADivae, iMdamahApADivae, kattiapADivae, sugimhapADivae / no kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA, cauhi saMjhAhiM sajjhAyaM karettae, taM jahA-paDimAte, pacchimAte, majhaNhe, aDDharatte / kappai niggaMthANaM vA niggaMthINa vA, cAukkAlaM sajjhAyaM karettae, taM jahA-puTavaNhe, avaraNhe, panose, paccUse / -sthAnAGga sUtra, sthAna 4, uddeza 2 uparokta sUtrapATha ke anusAra, dasa AkAza se sambandhita, dasa audArika zarIra se sambandhita, cAra mahApratipadA, cAra mahApratipadA kI pUrNimA aura cAra sandhyA isa prakAra battIsa anadhyAya mAne gaye haiM / jinakA saMkSepa meM nimna prakAra se varNana hai, jaiseAkAza sambandhI basa anadhyAya 1. ulkApAta-tArApatana yadi mahat tArApatana huA hai to eka prahara paryanta zAstrasvAdhyAya nahIM karanA caahie| ____2. digdAha-jaba taka dizA raktavarNa kI ho arthAt aisA mAlUma par3e ki dizA meM Aga-sI lagI hai, taba bhI svAdhyAya nahIM karanA cAhie /
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________________ anadhyAyakAla 3-4.--gajita-vidyut-garjana aura vidyuta prAyaH Rtu svabhAva se hI hotA hai / ataH pArdA se svAti nakSatra paryanta anadhyAya nahIM mAnA jaataa| 5. nirdhAta-binA bAdala ke AkAza meM vyantarAdikRta ghora garjana hone para yA bAdaloM sahita AkAza meM kar3akane para do prahara taka asvAdhyAyakAla hai| 6. yUpaka- zukla pakSa meM pratipadA, dvitIyA, tRtIyA ko sandhyA kI prabhA aura candraprabhA ke milane ko yUpaka kahA jAtA hai / ina dinoM prahara rAtri paryanta svAdhyAya nahIM karanA caahie| 7. yakSAdIpta-kabhI kisI dizA meM bijalI camakane jaisA, thor3e thor3e samaya pIche jo prakAza hotA hai vaha yakSAdIpta kahalAtA hai / ataH AkAza meM jaba taka yakSAkAra dIkhatA rahe taba taka svAdhyAya nahIM karanA caahie| 8. dhUmikA kRSNa-kArtika se lekara mAgha taka kA samaya meghoM kA garbhamAsa hotA hai / isameM dhUmra varNa kI sUkSma jalarUpa dhudha par3atI hai / vaha dhUmikA-kRSNa kahalAtI hai| jaba taka yaha ghudha par3atI rahe, taba taka svAdhyAya nahIM karanA caahie| 9. mihikAzveta-zItakAla meM zveta varNa kI sUkSma jalarUpa dhundha mihikA kahalAtI hai| jaba taka yaha giratI rahe, taba taka asvAdhyAya kAla hai / 10. raja udghAta-vAyu ke kAraNa AkAza meM cAroM ora dhUli chA jAtI hai| jaba taka yaha dhUli phailI rahatI hai , svAdhyAya nahIM karanA caahie| __ uparokta dasa kAraNa AkAza sambandhI asvAdhyAya ke haiN| audArika sambandhI dasa anadhyAya 11-12-13. haDDI mAMsa aura rudhira-paMcedriya tiryaca kI haDDI, mAMsa aura rudhira yadi sAmane dikhAI deM, to jaba taka vahA~ se yaha vastueM uThAI na jAe~ jaba taka asvAdhyAya hai / vRttikAra Asa pAsa ke 60 hAtha taka ina vastuoM ke hone para asvAdhyAya mAnate haiN| __isI prakAra manuSya sambandhI asthi mAMsa aura rudhira kA bhI anadhyAya mAnA jAtA hai / vizeSatA itanI hai ki inakA asvAdhyAya so hAtha taka tathA eka dina rAta kA hotA hai / strI ke mAsika dharma kA prasvAdhyAya tIna dina taka / bAlaka evaM bAlikA ke janma kA svAdhyAya kramazaH sAta evaM pATha dina paryanta kA mAnA jAtA hai / 14. azuci-mala-mUtra sAmane dikhAI dene taka asvAdhyAya hai| 15. zmazAna-zmazAnabhUmi ke cAroM ora sau-sau hAtha paryanta asvAdhyAya mAnA jAtA hai / 16. candragrahaNa--candragrahaNa hone para jaghanya ATha, madhyama bAraha aura utkRSTa solaha prahara paryanta svAdhyAya nahIM karanA cAhie / 17. sUryagrahaNa-sUryagrahaNa hone para bhI kramazaH ATha, bAraha aura solaha prahara paryanta asvAdhyAyakAla mAnA gayA hai|
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________________ anadhyAyakAla] 18. patana-kisI bar3e mAnya rAjA athavA rASTra puruSa kA nidhana hone para jaba taka usakA dAhasaMskAra na ho taba taka svAdhyAya na karanA caahie| athavA jaba taka dUsarA adhikArI sattArUDha na ho taba taka zanaiH zanaiH svAdhyAya karanA caahie| 19. rAjavyudgraha---samIpastha rAjAoM meM paraspara yuddha hone para jaba taka zAnti na ho jAe, taba taka usake pazcAt bhI eka dina-rAtri svAdhyAya nahIM kreN| 20. audArika zarIra-upAzraya ke bhItara paMcendriya jIva kA vadha ho jAne para jaba taka kalevara par3A rahe, taba taka tathA 100 hAtha taka yadi nirjIva kalevara par3A ho to svAdhyAya nahIM karanA caahie| asvAdhyAya ke uparokta 10 kAraNa praudArika zarIra sambandhI kahe gaye haiN| 21.28 cAra mahotsava aura cAra mahApratipadA-aASADhapUNimA, Azvina-pUrNimA, kArtikapUrNimA aura caitra-pUrNimA ye cAra mahotsava haiN| ina pUNimAnoM ke pazcAt Ane vAlI pratipadA ko mahApratipadA kahate haiM / isameM svAdhyAya karane kA niSedha hai| 29-32. prAtaH sAyaM madhyAhna aura ardharAtri-prAtaH sUrya ugane se eka ghar3I pahile tathA eka ghar3I pIche / sUryAsta hone se eka ghar3I pahile tathA eka ghar3I pIche / madhyAhna arthAt dopahara meM eka ghar3I Age aura eka ghar3I pIche evaM ardharAtri meM bhI eka ghar3I Age tathA eka ghar3I pIche svAdhyAya nahIM karanA caahie|
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________________
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________________ zrI bhAgamaprakAzana-samiti, byAvara arthasahayogI sadasyoM kI zubha nAmAvalI mahAstambha saMrakSaka 1. zrI seTha mohanamalajI corar3iyA , madrAsa 1. zrI biradIcaMdajI prakAzacaMdajI talesarA, pAlI 2. zrI gulAbacandajI mAMgIlAlajI surANA, 2. zrI jJAnarAjajI kevalacandajI mUthA, pAlI sikandarAbAda 3. zrI premarAjajI jatanarAjajI mehatA, mer3atA siTI 3. zrI pukharAjajI zizodiyA, byAvara 4. zrI za0 jaDAvamalajI mANakacandajI betAlA, 4. zrI sAyaramalajI jeThamalajI coraDiyA, baiMgalora bAgalakoTa 5. zrI premarAjajI bhaMvaralAlajI zrIzrImAla, durga 5. zrI hIrAlAlajI pannAlAlajI caupar3A, byAvara 6. zrI esa. kizanacandajI coraDiyA, madrAsa 6. zrI mohanalAlajI nemIcandajI lalavANI, 7. zrI kaMvaralAlajI baitAlA, gohATI cAMgATolA 8. zrI seTha khIMvarAjajI coraDiyA madrAsa 7. zrI dIpacaMdajI candanamalajI coraDiyA, madrAsa 9. zrI gumAnamalajI corar3iyA, madrAsa 8. zrI pannAlAlajI bhAgacandajI botharA, cAMgA10. zrI esa. bAdalacandajI coraDiyA, madrAsa TIlA 11. zrI je. dulIcandajI coraDiyA, madrAsa 9. zrImatI sirekuvara bAI dharmapatnI sva. zrI sugana12. zrI esa. ratanacandajI coraDiyA, madrAsa candajI jhAmar3a, madurAntakam 13. zrI je. annarAjajI coraDiyA, madrAsa 10. zrI bastImalajI mohanalAlajI boharA 14. zrI esa. sAyaracandajI coraDiyA, madrAsa (K. G. F.) jAr3ana / 15. zrI Ara. zAntilAlajI uttamacandajI 11. zrI thAnacandajI mehatA, jodhapura coraDiyA, madrAsa 12. zrI bhairudAnajI lAbhacandajI surANA, nAgaura 16. zrI siremalajI hIrAcandajI corar3iyA, madrAsa 13. zrI khUbacandajI gAdiyA, byAvara 17. zrI je. hukmIcandajI coraDiyA, madrAsa 14. zrI mizrIlAlajI dhanarAjajI vinAyakiyA stambha sadasya byAvara 1. zrI agaracandajI phatecandajI pArakha, jodhapara 15. zrI indracandajI baida, rAjanAMdagAMva 2. zrI jasarAjajI gaNezamalajI saMcetI, jodhapura 16. zrI rAvatamalajI bhIkamacandajI pagAriyA, 3. zrI tilokacaMdajI, sAgaramalajI saMcetI, madrAsa bAlAghATa 4. zrI pUsAlAlajI kistUracaMdajI surANA, kaTaMgI 17. zrI gaNezamalajI dharmIcandajI kAMkariyA, TaMgalA 5. zrI Ara. prasannacandajI coraDiyA, madrAsa 18. zrI suganacandajI bokar3iyA, indaura 6. zrI dIpacandajI coraDiyA, madrAsa 19. zrI harakacandajI sAgaramalajI betAlA, indaura 7. zrI mUlacandajI coraDiyA, kaTaMgI 20. zrI raghunAthamalajI likhamIcandajI lor3hA, 8. zrI varddhamAna iNDasTrIja, kAnapura ___ cAMgATolA 9. zrI mAMgIlAlajI mizrIlAlajI saMcetI, durga 21. zrI siddhakaraNajI zikharacandajI baida, cAMgATolA
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________________ [sadasya-nAmAvalI 22. zrI sAgaramalajI noratamalajI pIMcA, madrAsa 8. zrI phUlacandajI gautamacandajI kAMTheDa, pAlI 23. zrI mohanarAjajI mukanacandajI bAliyA, 9. zrI ke. pukharAjajI bAphaNA, madrAsa ahamadAbAda 10. zrI rUparAjajI jodharAjajI mUthA, dillI 24. zrI kezarImalajI jaMvarIlAlajI talesarA, pAlI 11. zrI mohanalAlajI maMgalacaMdajI pagAriyA, rAyapura 25. zrI ratanacandajI uttamacandajI modI, byAvara 12. zrI nathamalajI mohanalAlajI lUNiyA, caNDAvala 26. zrI dharmIcandajI bhAgacandajI boharA, jhaThA 13. zrI bhaMvaralAlajI gautamacandajI pagAriyA, 27. zrI chogamalajI hemarAjajI lor3hA DoMDIlohArA kuzAlapurA 28. zrI guNacaMdajI dalIcaMdajI kaTAriyA, bellArI 14. zrI uttamacaMdajI mAMgIlAlajI, jodhapura 29. zrI mUlacandajI sujAnamalajI saMcetI, jodhapUra 15. zrI mUlacandajI pArakha, jodhapura 30. zrI sI0 amaracandajI botharA, madrAsa 16. zrI sumeramalajI mer3atiyA, jodhapUra 31. zrI bhaMvaralAlajI mUlacaMdajI surANA, madrAsa 17. zrI gaNezamalajI nemIcandajI TAMTiyA, jodhapura 32. zrI bAdalacaMdajI jugarAjajI mehatA, indaura 18. zrI udayarAjajI pukharAjajI saMcetI, jodhapura 33. zrI lAlacaMdajI mohanalAlajI koThArI, goThana 19. zrI bAdaramalajI pukharAjajI baMTa, kAnapura 34. zrI hIrAlAlajI pannAlAlajI caupar3A, ajamera 20. zrImatI sundarabAI goThI w/o zrI tArAcaMdajI 35. zrI mohanalAlajI pArasamalajI pagAriyA, goThI, jodhapura baiMgalora 21. zrI rAyacandajI mohanalAlajI, jodhapura 36. zrI bhaMvarImalajI corar3iyA, madrAsa 22. zrI dhevaracandajI rUparAjajI, jodhapura 37. zrI bhaMvaralAlajI goThI, madrAsa 23. zrI bhaMvaralAlajI mANakacaMdajI surANA, madrAsa / 38. zrI jAlamacaMdajI rikhabacaMdajI bAphanA. aAgarA 24. zrI javarIlAlajI amaracandajI koThArI. byAvara 39. zrI ghevaracaMdajI pukharAjajI bhuraTa, gohATI 25. zrA mANakaca 25. zrI mANakacandajI kizanalAlajI, mer3atAsiTI 40. zrI jabaracandajI gelar3A, madrAsa 26. zrI mohanalAlajI gulAbacandajI catara, byAvara 41. zrI jar3AvamalajI suganacandajI, madrAsa 27. zrI jasarAjajI jaMvarIlAlajI dhArIvAla, jodhapura 28. zrI mohanalAlajI campAlAlajI goThI, jodhapura 42. zrI pukharAjajI vijayarAjajI, madrAsa 43. zrI cenamalajI surANA TrasTa, madrAsa 29. zrI nemIcaMdajI DAkaliyA mehatA, jodhapura 44. zrI laNakaraNajI rikhabacaMdajI lor3hA, madrAsa / 30. zrI tArAcaMdajI kevalacaMdajI karNAvaTa, jodhapura 45. zrI sUrajamalajI sajjanarAjajI mahetA, koppala 21 - 31. zrI prAsUmala eNDa ke0, jodhapura 32. zrI pukharAjajI loDhA, jodhapura __ sahayogI sadasya 33. zrImatI suganIbAI W/o zrI mizrIlAlajI 1. zrI devakaraNajI zrIcandajI DosA, mer3atAsiTI sAMDa, jodhapura 2. zrImatI chaganIbAI vinAyakiyA, byAvara 34. zrI baccharAjI surANA, jodhapura 3. zrI pUnamacandajI nAhaTA, jodhapura 35. zrI harakacandajI mehatA, jodhapura 4. zrI bhaMvaralAlajI vijayarAjajI kAMkariyA, 36. zrI devarAjajI lAbhacaMdajI mer3atiyA, jodhapura villIpuram 37. zrI kanakarAjajI madanarAjajI goliyA, 5. zrI bhaMvaralAlajI caupar3A, byAvara jodhapura 6. zrI vijayarAjajI ratanalAlajI catara, byAvara 38. zrI ghevaracandajI pArasamalajI TAMTiyA, jodhapura 7. zrI bI. gajarAjajI bokaDiyA, selama 39. zrI mAMgIlAlajI corA
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________________ sadasya-nAmAvalI 40. zrI saradAramalajI surANA, bhilAI 69. zrI hIrAlAlajI hastImalajI dezalaharA, bhilAI 41. zrI prokacaMdajI hemarAjajI sonI, durga 70. zrI varddhamAna sthAnakavAsI jaina zrAvakasaMgha, 42. zrI sUrajakaraNajI surANA, madrAsa __ dallI-rAjaharA 43. zrI ghIsUlAlajI lAlacaMdajI pArakha, durga 71. zrI campAlAlajI buddharAjajI bAphaNA, byAvara 44. zrI pukharAjajI boharA, (jaina TrAnsaporTa kaM.) 72. zrI gaMgArAmajI indracaMdajI boharA, kucerA jodhapura 73. zrI phateharAjajI nemIcaMdajI karNAvaTa, kalakattA 45. zrI campAlAlajI sakalecA, jAlanA 74. zrI bAlacaMdajI thAnacandajI bharaTa, 46. zrI premarAjajI mIThAlAlajI kAmadAra, kalakattA baiMgalora 75. zrI sampatarAjajI kaTAriyA, jodhapura 47. zrI bhaMvaralAlajI mUthA eNDa sansa, jayapura 76. zrI jaMvarIlAlajI zAMtilAlajI surANA, 48. zrI lAlacaMdajI motIlAlajI gAdiyA, baiMgalora bolArama 49. zrI bhaMvaralAlajI navaratnamalajI sAMkhalA, 77. zrI kAnamalajI koThArI, dAdiyA meTTapAliyama 78. zrI pannAlAlajI motIlAlajI surANA, pAlI 50. zrI pukharAjajI challANI, karaNagullI 79. zrI mANakacaMdajI ratanalAlajI muNota, TaMgalA 51. zrI AsakaraNajI jasarAjajI pArakha, durga 80. zrI cimmanasiMhajI mohanasiMhajI loDhA, byAvara 52. zrI gaNezamalajI hemarAjajI sonI, bhilAI 81. zrI riddhakaraNajI rAvatamalajI bhuraTa, gohATI 53. zrI amRtarAjajI jasavantarAjajI mehatA, 82. zrI pArasamalajI mahAvIracaMdajI bAphanA, goTha ___ mer3atAsiTI 83. zrI phakIracaMdajI kamalacaMdajI zrIzrImAla, 54. zrI ghevaracaMdajI kizoramalajI pArakha, jodhapura kucerA 55. zrI mAMgIlAlajI rekhacaMdajI pArakha, jodhapura 84. zrI mAMgIlAlajI madanalAlajI corar3iyA, bhairUMda 56. zrI munnIlAlajI mUlacaMdajI gulecchA, jodhapura 85. zrI sohanalAlajI lUNakaraNajI surANA, kucerA 57. zrI ratanalAlajI lakhapatarAjajI, jodhapura 86. zrI ghIsUlAlajI, pArasamalajI, jaMvarIlAlajI 58. zrI jIvarAjajI pArasamalajI koThArI, mer3atA koThArI, goThana siTI 87. zrI saradAramalajI eNDa kampanI, jodhapura 59. zrI bhaMvaralAlajI rikhabacaMdajI nAhaTA, nAgaura 88. zrI campAlAlajI hIrAlAlajI bAgarecA, 60. zrI mAMgIlAlajI prakAzacandajI rUNavAla, maisUra jodhapura 61. zrI pukharAjajI boharA, pIpaliyA kalAM 89. zrI dhukharAjajI kaTAriyA, jodhapura 62. zrI harakacaMdajI jugarAjajI bAphanA, baiMgalora 90. zrI indracandajI mukanacandajI, indaura 63. zrI candanamalajI premacaMdajo modI, bhilAI 91. zrI bhaMvaralAlajI bAphaNA, indaura 64. zrI bhIvarAjajI bAghamAra, kucerA 92. zrI jeThamalajI modI, indaura 65. zrI tilokacaMdajI premaprakAzajI, ajamera 93. zrI bAlacandajI amaracandajI modI, byAvara 66. zrI vijayalAlajI premacaMdajI mulecchA, 94. zrI kundanamalajI pArasamalajI bhaMDArI, baiMgalora rAjanAMdagA~va 65. zrImatI kamalAkaMvara lalavANI dharmapatnI zrI 67. zrI rAvatamalajI chAjer3a, bhilAI sva. pArasamalajI lalavANI, goThana 68. zrI bhaMvaralAlajI DUMgaramalajI kAMkariyA, 96. zrI akhecaMdajI laNakaraNajI bhaNDArI, kalakattA bhilAI 97. zrI suganacandajI saMcetI, rAjanAMdagAMva
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________________ [sadasya-nAmAvalI 98. zrI prakAzacaMdajI jaina, nAgaura 116. zrImatI rAmakuMvarabAI dharmapatnI zrI cAMdamalajo 99. zrI kuzAlacaMdajI rikhabacandajI surANA, loDhA, bambaI bolArama 117. zrI mAMgIlAlajI uttamacaMdajI bAphaNA, baiMgalora 100. zrI lakSmIcaMdajI azokakumArajI zrIzrImAla, 118. zrI sAMcAlAlajI bAphaNA, auraMgAbAda kucerA 119. zrI bhIkhamacandajI mANakacandajI khAbiyA, 101. zrI gUdaDamalajI campAlAlajI, goThana (kuDAlora) madrAsa 102. zrI tejarAjajI koThArI, mAMgaliyAvAsa 120. zrImatI anopakuMvara dharmapatnI zrI campAlAlajI 103. sampatarAjajI corar3iyA, madrAsa / saMghavI, kucerA 104. zrI amaracaMdajI chAjer3a, pAdu bar3I 121. zrI sohanalAlajI sojatiyA, thAMvalA 105. zrI jugarAjajI dhanarAjajI baramecA, madrAsa 122. zrI campAlAlajI bhaNDArI, kalakattA 106. zrI pukharAjajI nAharamalajI lalavANI, madrAsa 123. zrI bhIkhamacandajI gaNezamalajI caudharI, 107. zrImatI kaMcanadevI va nirmalAdevI. madrAsa 108. zrI dulerAjajI bhaMvaralAlajI koThArI, 124. zrI pukharAjajI kizanalAlajI tAter3a, kuzAlapurA sikandarAbAda 109. zrI bhaMvaralAla jI mAMgIlAlajI betAlA, Deha 125. zrI mizrIlAlajI sajjanalAlajI kaTAriyA 110. zrI jIvarAjajI bhaMvaralAlajI coraDiyA, sikandarAbAda bhairUdA 126. zrI vartamAna sthAnakavAsI jaina zrAvaka saMgha, 111. zrI mAMgIlAlajI zAMtilAlajI rUNavAla, bagar3Inagara harasolAva 127. zrI pukharAjajI pArasamalajI lalavANI, 112. zrI cAMdamalajI dhanarAjajI modI, ajamera bilAr3A 113. zrI rAmaprasanna jJAnaprasAra kendra, candrapura 128. zrI TI. pArasamalajI coraDiyA, madrAsa 114. zrI bhUramalajI dulIcaMdajo bokar3iyA, mer3atA 129. zrI motIlAlajI AsUlAlajI boharA siTI eNDa kaM., baiMgalora 115. zrI mohanalAlajI dhArIvAla, pAlI 130. zrI sampatarAjajI surANA, manamAr3a 00 dhaliyA
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________________ nAma AgamaprakAzana samiti, byAvara dvArA adyAvadhi prakAzita Agama-sA anuvAdaka-sampAdaka AcArAMgasUtra do bhAga zrIcanda surAnA 'sarasa' upAsakadazAMgasUtra DaoN. chaganalAla zAstrI (ema.e., pI-eca. DI.) jJAtAdharmakathAMgasUtra paM. zobhAcandra bhArilla antakRddazAMgasUtra sAdhvI divyaprabhA (ema.e., pI-eca.DI.) anuttarovavAiyasUtra sAdhvI muktiprabhA (ema.e., pI-eca.DI.) sthAnAMgasUtra paM. hIrAlAla zAstrI samavAyAMgasUtra paM. hIrAlAla zAstrI sUtrakRtAMgasUtra zrIcanda surAnA 'sarasa' vipAkasUtra anu. paM. rozanalAla zAstrI sampA. paM. zobhAcandra bhArilla nandIsUtra anu. sAdhvI umarAvakaMvara 'arcanA' sampA. kamalA jaina 'jIjI' ema. e. aupapAtikasUtra DaoN. chaganalAla zAstrI vyAkhyAprajJaptisUtra [cAra bhAga] zrI amaramuni rAjapraznIyasUtra vANIbhUSaNa ratanamuni, saM. devakumAra jaina prajJApanAsUtra [tIna bhAga] jainabhUSaNa jJAnamuni praznavyAkaraNasUtra anu. muni pravINaRSi sampA. paM. zobhAcandra bhArilla uttarAdhyayanasUtra zrI rAjendramuni zAstrI nirayAvalikAsUtra zrI devakumAra jaina dazavakAlikasUtra mahAsatI puSpavatI AvazyakasUtra mahAsatI suprabhA jambUdvIpaprajJaptisUtra DaoN. chaganalAla zAstrI anuyogadvArasUtra upAdhyAya zrI kevalamuni, saM. devakumAra jaina sUryaprajJapti, candraprajJaptisUtra sampA. muni zrI kanhaiyAlAlajI 'kamala' jIvAjIvAbhigamasUtra [pra. bhAga] zrI rAjendramuni jIvAjIvAbhigamasUtra dvi. bhA.] nizIthasUtra munizrI kanhaiyAlAlajI 'kamala', zrI tilokamuni trINichedasUtrANi vizeSa jAnakArI ke liye samparkasUtra zrI Agama prakAzana samiti zrI braja-madhukara smRti bhavana, pIpaliyA bAjAra, byAvara-305901 in Education International