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## Eighth Objective [413]
3. Eating sixteen kavals of food according to one's mouth-measure is called **dvibhaga-prapta aahar** (two-part obtained food) and **ardha-unodari** (half-unodari).
4. Eating twenty-four kavals of food according to one's mouth-measure is called **tribhaga-prapta aahar** (three-part obtained food) and **eka-bhaga-unodarika** (one-part unodarika).
5. Eating thirty-three kavals of food according to one's mouth-measure is called **kinchit-unodarika** (slightly unodarika).
6. Eating thirty-two kavals of food according to one's mouth-measure is called **pramana-prapta aahar** (measure-obtained food). A Shraman who eats even one kaval less than this is not called **nirgrantha prakama-bhoji** (a liberated one who eats according to the rules).
**Discussion:**
The Bhagavati Sutra, Shatak 7 and Shatak 25, as well as the Uvvaiya Sutra, also mention similar statements regarding the **unodari** penance. Along with the nature of **aahar-dravya-unodari** (food-substance unodari), they also explain the distinctions of **upakarana-unodari** (instrument unodari) etc.
The Uttara Adhyayana 30, in its description of penance, only mentions **aahar-unodari**. It does not discuss the distinctions of **upakarana-unodari** etc. It mentions five types of **aahar-unodari**: (1) **dravya** (substance), (2) **kshetra** (field), (3) **kal** (time), (4) **bhav** (feeling), and (5) **paryaya** (alternative).
(1) **Dravya** - Eating less than one's full quota of food.
(2) **Kshetra** - Acquiring things related to a village or other area, or acquiring things like a begging bowl in six shapes while wandering for alms.
(3) **Kal** - Acquiring things in the form of the time of bringing and eating food, like a watch or an hour.
(4) **Bhav** - Acquiring things from the house, or acquiring things based on the caste, clothes, or feelings of men and women.
(5) **Paryaya** - Acquiring one thing from each of the above four types of **dravya** etc. is included in those respective distinctions. Acquiring many things from these four types together is called **paryaya-unodari**.
The present Sutra describes the first type, **dravya-unodari**, through the following five distinctions:
(1) **Alpa-aahar** (less food) - Eating one kaval, two kavals, or up to the prescribed kaval measure is called **alpa-aahar-unodari**.
(2) **Aparadh-unodari** (less than half unodari) - Eating nine to twelve kavals or fifteen kavals is considered eating less than half the quota. This is called **aparadh-unodari**. This is the first type of **unodari** called **alpa-aahar**, and the second type is called **unodari** because it is less than half the quota.
(3) **Dvibhaga-prapta-unodari** (two-part obtained unodari) - Eating sixteen kavals is considered eating half the quota. When the full quota is divided into four parts, this is two parts. Therefore, the Sutra calls it **dvibhaga-prapta-unodari**. Since it is two parts of the unodari, it can also be called **ardha-unodari**.
(4) **Tribhaga-prapta-anshika-unodari** (three-part obtained unodari) - Eating twenty-four kavals (twenty-seven to thirty kavals) is considered three-part food and one-part unodari. The Sutra uses the term **anshika-unodari** for this. In this, three parts of the four parts of food are eaten, so it is **tribhaga-prapta-aahar-rupa-unodari**. Or it can also be called **pav-unodari**.