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(scriptural knowledge of the meaning), and (3) Tadubhayagam (scriptural knowledge of both, the text and the meaning).
Or, Agam (scriptural knowledge) is of three kinds -(1) Atmagam (self-acquired scriptural knowledge), (2) Anantaragam (scriptural knowledge acquired in immediate succession), and (3) Paramparagam (scriptural knowledge acquired through lineage).
Arthagam (scriptural knowledge of the meaning) is Atmagam (self-acquired scriptural knowledge) for Tirthankars. For Ganadharas (principle disciples of Tirthankar) Sutragam (scriptural knowledge of the text) is Atmagam (self-acquired scriptural knowledge) and Arthagam (scriptural knowledge of the meaning) is Anantaragam (scriptural knowledge acquired in immediate succession). For the disciples of the Ganadharas Sutragam (scriptural knowledge of the text) is Anantaragam (scriptural knowledge acquired in immediate succession) and Arthagam (scriptural knowledge of the meaning) is Paramparagam (scriptural knowledge acquired through lineage). Beyond this Sutragam (scriptural knowledge of the text) and Arthagam (scriptural knowledge of the meaning) both are neither Atmagam (self-acquired scriptural knowledge) nor Anantaragam (scriptural knowledge acquired in immediate succession) but only Paramparagam (scriptural knowledge acquired through lineage).
This concludes the description of Lokottar Agam (spiritual scripture). This concludes the description of Agam Pramana (standard of validation by scriptural knowledge). This also concludes the description of Jnana Guna Pramana (standard of validation by knowledge attributes).
Elaboration-Discussions about validation by scriptural knowledge are available in Jain works on logic in great detail. Of the various definitions of Agam (scriptures), the one by Malayagiri the commentator (Vrittı) is
(1) That which has been handed down through the lineage of gurus is called Agam.
(2) Agam is that through which one acquires proper knowledge of substances including jiva (soul)
आगमप्रमाण-प्रकरण
( 303 )
The Discussion on Agam Pramana
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