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Elaboration-The aforesaid aphorisms mention the benefits of this description of nayas.
According to the theory that 'as many are the paths of speech (words and their combinations) so are the numbers of nayas', there are numerous kinds of nayas. Some of those discussed here are the seven basic nayas including Naigam and Samgraha, Arth naya and Shabd naya (verbal viewpoint), Dravyarthik and Paryayarthik, Jnana and Kriya, Nishchaya and Vyavahar etc. One should accept the right and good, reject the wrong and bad, and try to understand with impartiality that which is worth knowing.
Jnana Naya-Jnana naya maintains that nothing can be accomplished in absence of knowledge. Only an accomplished sage can experience the fruit of liberation. A blind person following a blind never reaches his destination. Without knowledge endeavour fails to achieve anything. It is knowledge that helps acquire precious things like practice of vows, righteousness leading to shedding of karmas and spirituality. Therefore, knowledge is at the root of all spiritual activity.
Kriya Naya-Kriya naya maintains that liberation is accomplished mainly by action. 'One should acquire the knowledge of the acceptable and non-acceptable with help of these nayas and then act accordingly.' This statement confirms the importance of action. Only knowledge does not lead to happiness. Even Tirthankars depend on action till their last moment. Therefore action is at the root of all spiritual accomplishment. This is the perspective of Kriya naya but one-sidedness or absolutism does not lead to liberation. Therefore the truly acceptable view is as follows
Having listened to the manifold explication of all nayas, one who establishes himself in righteousness and conduct (also knowledge) that are pure from all angles (nayas) can become a true ascetic (aspirant of liberation). Knowledge or action in isolation fail to accomplish anything. As knowledge without application is useless so is action without knowledge. Neither a lame nor a blind can reach their destination
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