Sankshipta Jain Itihas Part 03 Khand 01

Author(s): Kamtaprasad Jain
Publisher: Mulchand Kisandas Kapadia
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/010475/1

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sau. savitAbAI kApar3iyA smAraka dhamAkA naM0 // OM namaH siddhebhyaH // saMkSipta jaina itihAsa / bhAga 3 - khaNDa 1 dakSiNabhAratake jainadharmakA itihAsa / ] vibhAga- 1. paurANika kAla 2. aitihAsika kAla: 1- prAcIna kAla ( I0pU0 5000 se 1 I0pU0 ) 2- madhya kAla ( san 1 se 1400 I0 ) 3- arvAcIna kAla ( upaganta ) lekhaka: kAmatAprasAda jaina, ema. Ara. e. esa. sampAdaka - vIra va jaina si0 bhAskara, alIgaMja (-eTA-). prakAzaka :-- mUlacanda kisanadAsa kApar3iyA, mAlika, digaMbara jaina pustakAlaya kArar3iyAmukta - sUrata kinda prathamAvRtti ] svargIya so0 savitAbAI, dharmapatnI, mUla kiseneza kApaDiyA smaraNArtha " digambara sana " ke 30 ve varSakaM grAhakoM ko bheTa bIra sa0 2463 mUlya- 30 1-0-t. [ prati 1000

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"jainavijaya" prinTiga presa, khapa TipA cakalA-mUratameM mUlacanda kisanadAsa kApar3iyAne mudrita kiyaa|

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sau0 savitAbAI - smAraka graMthamALA naM. 7 hamArI svargIya dharmapatnI mau0 savitAbAIkA vIra maM0 2456 bhAdoM vadI 10 ko sirpha 22 varSakI alpa AyumeM eka putra ci0 bAbUbhAI aura eka putrI ci0 damayaMtI ko 4 aura 2 varSake choDakara pIliyA roga se svargavAsa hogayA thA, unake smaraNArtha usa samaya 2612) kA dAna kiyA gayA thaa| jisameM se 2000) sthAyI zAstradAnake liye nikAle the, jisakI Ayame prati varSa eka2 grantha navIna prakaTa karake 'digambara jaina' yA 'jaina mahilAdarza' ke grAhakoM ko upahAra meM diyA jAtA hai / mAja taka isa graMthamAlA se nimna likhita 6 graMtha prakaTa ho cuke haiM jo, jaina mahilAdarza yA digambara jaina ke grAhakoM ko bheMTa diye bAcuke haiN| 1 - aitihAsika striyAM - ( 2 - saMkSipta jaina itihAsa - ( dvi0 bhAga pra0 khaNDa ) 3 - paMcaraNa - ( vA0 kAmatAprasAdanI kRta ) 0 paM0 caMdrAbAI jI kRta ) // ) 4- saMkSipta jaina itihAsa - ( dvi0 bhAga, di0 khaNDa ) 1 || ) ==) 1 = ) (1) 5- vIra pAThAvalI - ( vA0 kAmatAprasAdajI kRta ) 6- jainatva - ( ramaNIka bI0 zAha baphIka kRta, gujarAtI ) 1= )

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( 4 ) aura yaha 7vAM grantha saMkSipta jaina itihAsa tRtIya bhAga - prathama khaMDa ( vA0 kAmatAprasAdajI kRta ) prakaTa kiyA jAtA hai jo 'digaMbara jaina' patrake 30 ve varSake grAhakoMko meTa bAMTA jA rahA hai tathA jo 'digaMbara jaina' ke grAhaka nahIM haiM unake liye kucha pratiyAM vikrayArtha bhI nikAlI gaI haiN| mAzA hai ki bahuta khoja va parizramapUrvaka taiyAra kiye gaye aise aitihAsika granthoMkA jaina samAjame zIghra hI pracAra hojaaygaa| isa aitihAsika pratyake lekhaka bA0 kAmatAprasAdajIkA di0 jaina samAjapara ananya upakAra hai, jo varSoMse matIya zramapUrvaka prAcIna jaina sAhityako khojapUrvaka prakAzameM rahe hai / yadi jaina samAja ke zrImAn zAstradAnakA mahatva samajheM to aisI kaI smAraka granthamAlAyeM nikala sakatI haiM aura hajAroM to kyA lAkhoM grantha bheTa svarUpa yA lAgata mUlyase prakaTa hosakate haiM, jisake liye sirpha dAnakI dizA hI badalane kI AvazyaktA hai| jaba dravyakA upayoga maMdiroMmeM upakaraNa Adi banavAne meM yA prabhAvanA baMTavAne meM karane kI AvazyaktA nahIM hai lekina dravyakA upayoga vidyAdAna aura zAstradAna meM hI karane kI AvazyaktA hai / sUrata vIra saM0 2463 vAzvina vadI 3 nivedaka mUlacanda kisanadAsa kApaDiyA, prakAzaka / FRS

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aamaar| "saMkSipta jaina itihAsa" ke pahale do bhAga pragaTa hocuke haiN| Aja usakA tIsarA bhAga pAThakoMke hAthoM meM dete hue hameM prasannatA hai| yaha tIsare bhAgakA pahalA khaNDa hai aura isameM dakSiNa bhAratake bainadharma aura jaina saMghakA itihAsa-paugaNikakAlase prAraMbhika aitihAsika kAlatakakA saMkalita hai / sambhava hai ki vidvAn pAThaka purANagata vArtAko itihAsa svIkAra na kareM, parantu unheM smaraNa honA cAhiye ki bhAratIya zAstrakAroMne pugaNa vArtAko bhI itihAsa ghoSita kiyA hai| __ jabataka isa purANa vArtAke viruddha koI prabala pramANa upalabdha na ho tabataka use mAnya ThaharAnA hamArA kartavya hai / bhAmvira prAra aitihAsika kAla ke itihAsako jAnaneke vahI to eka mAtra sAdhana haiM-uneM hama bhulA kaise ? ke evaM anya sAkSIke AdhArase hamane ikSiNabhAratameM janadharmakA mastitva matiprAcIna siddha kiyA hai| mAzA hai, vidvajana hamAre isa matako svIkAra karane meM saMkoca nahIM kreNge| isa avasarapara hama ina purANa aura zAvakAroMkA mAmAra harayase svIkAra karate haiN| sAtha hI anyAnya sammAnanIya lekhakoMka bhI hama apakRta haiM jinakI racanAoMse hamane sahAyatA grahaNa kI hai| yahAMpara hama adhyakSa, zrI siddhAMkha bhavana-bhAga aura saMTha malacanda kisanadAsajI kApaDiyAko bhI nahIM bhulA ske| unhoMne Avazyaka sAhitya juTAkara hamAre kAryako sugama banA diyA jisake liye vaha hamAre hArdika dhanyavAdake pAtra haiM / mAzA hai ki abataka koI isase bhI zreSTha ana itihAsa na racA jAya, tabataka yaha pAThakoMkI mAvazyaktAkI pUrti karegA / evamastu ! alIgaMja (eTA) / vinIta-kAmatAprasAda jaina / tA. 16-8-37 / /

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asterminews hai smrpnn| 6 Garming Combor jaina-sAhitya prakAzana punIta kAryameM datta-citta, vivekI mitra hai zrI. e. ena. upAdhye mahodaya urmaremmarromanerwarmeraman kara-kamaloM sAdara maprema smrpit| - lekhk| 8.

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(8) saMkSipta jaina itihAsa / [ lekhaka - bAbU kAmanAsArajI jaina / ] prathama bhAga - yaha IzvIsana pUrva 600 varSa se pahile kA itihAsa hai| isake 6 paricchedoMmeM jaina bhUgola meM bhAratakA sthAna RSabhadeva aura karmabhUmi, anya tIrthaMkara AdikA varNana hai| thor3IsI pratiyAM bacI haiN| mUlya || ) dusarA bhAga: prathama khaNDa- yaha IzvI san pUrva chaThI banAndIse san 1300 nakakA prAmANika jaina itihAsa hai / ise par3hakara mAlUma hogA ki pahale jamAne meM jainoMne kaimI vIratA batalAI thI / isameM vidvatApUrNa prAkathana, bha0 mahAvIra, vIrasaMgha aura anya rAjA, tatkAlIna sabhyatA aura paristhiti, sikandarakA AkramaNa aura tatkAlIna jainasAdhu, zrutakebalI, bhadrabAhu aura anya bAcArya, tathA maurya samrAT candramupta AdikA 12 adhyAyoMmeM vizada varNana hai / pRSTha saMkhyA 300 mR0 1 // | | ) urajA dUsarA bhAgaH dvitIya khaMDa - isameM aneka mahatvapUrNa ainihAmika viSayoMkA sapramANa kathana kiyA gayA hai| yathA - caubIsa tIrthekara, jaina dharmakI vizeSatA, digambara saMghameda, 30 kI utpatti. tiryokI utpatti aura itihAsa, uttarI bhArata ke rAjA aura jainadharma. mavAliyara ke rAjA va jainadharma, munidharma, gRhastha dharma, ajainoM kI zuddhi, jaina dharmakI upayogitA Adi 125 viSayoMkA suboba aura sapramANa kathana hai / pR0 200 mUlya 10) menejara, digambara jainapustakAlaya - suurt|

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vissysuucii| 1-prAkakathana 2-paurANika kAla (RSabhadeva aura bharata) 3-anya tIrthaMkara mora nArAyaNa tripRSTha .... 4-podanapurake vanya rAbA.... 6-cakravartI hariSeNa ... 6-gama, akSmaNa aura rAvaNa 7-gAnA aileya aura usake vaMzaja 8-kAmadeva nAgakumAra .... 9-dakSiNa bhAratakA aitihAsika kAla 10-ma* bariSTanemi, kRSNa aura pAMDava 11-bhagavAna pArzvanAtha .... 12-mahArAjA karakANDu .... 13-bhagavAna mahAvIra .... 14-samrAT zreNika, aMbukumAra aura vidyulara.... 15-nanda maura maurya samrATa 16-sAMdhra sAmrAjya .... 17-drAviDa rAjya 18-pAMDya rAjya, cola rAjya, cara rAjya .... 19-dakSiNa bhAratakA na saMgha, jana saMbakI prAcInatA 20-jaina siddhAMta, zvetAmbara jainI 21-zrI dharasenAcArya aura zruta UdvAra .... 22-mala saMgha, zrI kuMdakuMdAcArya ___ .... 23-kura kAvya 24-umAsvAmI (umAsvAti) 25-svAmI samaMtama .....15 ....134 ....137 ....139 ....143 ....147 ....15.

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saMketAkSara suucii| prastuta pranyake saMkalana meM nimna pranyoMse sahAyatA grahaNa kI gaI hai, jinakA ullekha nimna saMketarUpameM yathAsthAna kiyA gayA hai baba-zokake dharmakha-lekhaka zrI janArdana maTTa ema0 10 (kAzI, saM0 1980) / bahibagI hisdI bApha inDiyA'-sara vizenTa smiya ema. e. (pothI mAvRtti ) / azoka -'pazoka' ke. sara vinsenTa smitha ema. ema. / bAka'mArAdhanA kathAkoSa' hai. bra. nemidatta (jainamitra mAphisa, sUrata ) / gAjImAjIviksa-bhAga 1 . venI mAdhava bAramA. DI. liT (kalakattA 1920) / mAsU0--'bhAcArAGga sUtra' mujha (zvetAMbara bAgama graMtha ) / mAhida = bAksapharDa hisTrI mAphaiMDiyA-vinsenTa smitha em.e.| nabhariI -banalsa pAva bhaMDArakara ricarsa iMsTITayUTa, pUnA / mAI-bArIbineTa inebITenTsa bAvariyA, jAparTa sA. pAta (mdaas)| mApulamAdipurANa, paM. lALArAma dvArA saMpAdita (iNdaur)| iai0-inDiyana ainTokerI (traimAsika patrikA ) / hari0 insAyaklopeDiyA mApha rilIjana eNDa ithiksa |digs / iMseba inDiyana rekTa baoNpha dI bainsa' bulara / hahikabA =iMDiyana hisTorIkala vATalI-ma.. barendrabApa -ptaa|

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[11] ikA athavA ekA0-ipogrephiyA karnATikA ( baMgalora ) / iMe*=iMDiyana enTokerI (bmbii)| uTa'uvAsagadasAbo sutta0'-DA0 hArNake (Bible Indica). upu010u.pu.-'uttarapurANa' zrI guNabhadrAcArya va paM.lAlArAmajI / usa0='uttarAdhyayana satra' ( zvetAmbarIya mAgama prantha ) jAla kATiyara (upslaa)| ei. = epiprephiyA iNddikaa'| eime* yA meei0 enziyenTa inDiyA enaDiskrAibDa gaI 'megasthanIja eNDa airiyana'-( 1877 ) / ena0ena ipa Toma mApha janajma-zrI pUrNacandra nAhara em.e.| emikSaTrA enzipenTa miDa iMDiyana kSatriya dAinsa ' ho. vimacaraNa laeNA (klkttaa)| ei0 enziyenTa iMDiyA emaDiskAinDa bAI sTUbo maka kiMDaka (1801) / airireziyATika risarcana-sA viliyama jonsa (san 1799 va 1909) / kajAinidhama, jAgAphI mApha eMziyenTa iMDiyA-(kalakatta 1924) / kali ='e hisTI mApha kanArIna liTrAMcara . pI. rAisa (H. LS. 1921 ). kasa.kalpamatra mUla (zvetAMbarI bhAgama prantha ) / kAle-kAramAikala hersa haiN|ddii0 mAra. bhaannddaarkaar| dimbina hisTrI jaoNpha iMDiyA ainsipenTa iMDiyA, bhA. 1-raisava sA. (1922) /

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[12] kaca0 pharakaNDucariya, praoNvhIgALa dvArA saMpAdita (kArakhA) / 2 kaai iM0 kRSNasvAmI eNgarakRta ainzipenTa iMDiyA (laMdana 1919) gumApari gujarAtI sAhitya pariSad riporTa- sAtavIM (bhAganagara saM0 1922 ) / gaubu0 'gautamabuddha' ke0 je0 saoNnDarsa ( H. L. S. ) gaMja : gajeTiyara va bambaI bhANDArakara bAdi kRta / 0 , gamaku0.gaMjeTiyara bAba maisUra eNDa kuge / camabha0 : : 'candrarAja bhaNDArI kRta bhagavAna mahAvIra' / javi oso0 janarala bApha dI bihAra eNDa oDIsA risarca sosAiTI' | jambU0 jambUkumAra caritra ( surata zrIgabda 2440 ) / jamImo0 : jarnala oNpha dI mIdhika somAiTI-beMgalora / jagatmA0 : jarnala oNpha dI gayaka esiyATika sosAiTI - laMdana / akA:-:' jaina kAnUna ' ( zrI0 campatayajI jaina vidyAmA0 bijanaura (1928 ) / 'jaMga 0 :- ''jana gajaTa ' aMgrejI (lakhanaU) | jeva0 : janadharma prakAza bra0 zItalaprasAdajI ( bijanaura 1927) / jaistU * jainastRpa eNDa madara eNTIkaTIja oNpha mathurA - smitha | jalAsa 0 jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka' mu0 jinavijayajI (pUnA) / simA0 - jaina siddhAnta bhAskara zrI padmarAja jana (kalakattA) / jaizi [saM0 - 'jaina zilAlekha saMgraha' - pro0 hI gaLALa jaina (mANikacandra pranthamAkA | jehi0 = jaina hilebI saM0 paM0 nAthUrAmajI va paM0 jugalakizorabI (bmbii)|

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[15] GEO (Js.)=sta AS (S. E. Series, Vols. XXII & SLV): jambU* jambUkumAra carita (mANikacandra prandhamAlA, bambaI): jasAI-pro0esa0 bAra zarmA kRta jainIma ina sAutha iNddiyaa| TaoNrA =TaoNDasA* kata rAjasthAnakA itihAsa veTezvara presa / DijavA0= e DikzanarI nApha jaina bAyograMkI ' zrI umarAvasiMha TaoNka (baaraa)| sakSa ='e gAiDa TU takSazA '-sA jAna mAzala (1918) / tatvArtha =tatvArthAdhigamasutra zrI umAsvAti S. R.J. Vol.1 tipa= tilloya paNNata' zrI yati vRSabhAcArya (bena hitaiSI mA0 13 aMka 12) / dije0='di0 jaina mAsika patra saM0 zrI. macanda kisanadAsa kApar3iyA (suurt)| dIni= 'dIghanikAya' ( P. T. S. ) nAca-nAyakumAra cariu ( mANikacaMdra graMthamAlA, bambaI ) / fre=riziSTa parva-zrI hemacandrAcArya / prAjilesaM0 pAcIna jana lekha saMgraha kAmataHpramAda jana (vrdhaa)| prasAcanasAra, prA0 e0ena0 upAdhye dvArA saMpAdita baMbaI / bavitro jasmA aMgAla, bihAra, oDIsA na smAraka-pI. brahmacArI zItaLaprasAdajI (saat)| bajesmA gaI prAMtake prAcIna jaina smAraka brshiitlprsaadnii| bu0-buddhiSTa iMDiyA praoN. hosa DeviDma / busTa-buddhisTika sTaDIna, DaoN. vimAcaraNa lAdvArA saMpAdita sktaa|

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[14] bhapA.-- bhagavAna pAzvanAtha-ke. kAmatAprasAda jaina (srt)| mama bhagavAna mahAvIra- " " " bhamabu0-bhagavAna mahAvIra aura ma buddha kAmatAprasAda jaina (sUrata) bhamI0- bhaTTAraka mImAMsA (gujagatI) saat| bhamatra-magavAna mahAvIrakI mahiMsA (dillI) bhAI-mAratavarSakA itihAsa-TI. varIprasAda DI. liTa / prayAga 1927) / bhAvazo0 . prshauk-dde| mANDArakA (klttaa)| bhAprAga mAratake prAcIna rAjavaMza zrI. vizvezvaranAtha reTa bNbii| bhAprAsai =bhAratako prAcIna sabhyatAkA itihAsa,sara ramezacaMdra dattA majeha : magaThI jaina itihAsa / mani0- / . hai masamanikAya P. T. S. mamapranasmA 0 - madrAsamaisurake prA0 janasmAraka va zItaprasAda jii| mahA=mahAvagga (S. B. E. Vol. XIII). milinda0 mininda panha (S. B. Vol. XXXT.) mur| =mudrArAkSasa nATaka-ina dI hindU DrAmeTisa varkasa,viDasana / malA mulAcAra vaTTakera svAmI (hindI bhASA sahita bmbii)| maibu mainyuDa baoNpha buddhijma (spenhaa)| magazo -zoka makaphaika kRta (H. LS.) mAri mADanarivyU , saM0 rAmAnaMda caTarjI (klkttaa)| maiku0-maisUra eNDa kurga phrAma iMskripazansa-rAisa (bNglor)| maibu mainyula mApha buddhijma-(spenahADI) moda-mohenajodaro-sara jAna mArazala (undn)| ..

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[15] rakhA ranakaraNDa brAvakAcAra saM.paM. jugalakizorajI (bambaI) rAha rAjapUtAnekA itihAsa mAga 1-1.50 paM. gaurIzaMkara hIrAcaMda mohaa| rida-riliMgasa mApha dI impaayr-bindn)| lAmAmAipha baoNpha mahAvIra kA mANikacaMdrajI (ilaahaabaad)| hAmAI0-bhAratavarSakA itihAsa lA* lAjapatarAyakRta (laahor)| lAma kArDa mahAvIra eNDa apara TIcarsa maoNpha hima TAimakAmatAprasAda (dillii)| chAyabu0-lAipha eNDa vama baoNpha buda voSa-DaoN. vimalAcaraNa loM (klkttaa)| lAmane hArDa pariSTanemi, (dillii)| bRnaiza-vRAd jaina zabdArNava-paM0 bihArIlAla caitanya / vira=vidvad gatnamAlA-paM0 nAthUrAmajI pramo (bmbii)| vimA vizAlabhArata, saM0 zrI banAsa dAma caturvedI kalakattA abazravaNabelagolA, rA. ba. pro0 nagasiMhAcAra ema0 e0 (mdraas)| beca greNika caritra (surt)| samAmivA0 sara bhAzutoSa : moriyala vAlyUma (pttnaa)| sako0-samyanava kaumudI (bambaI ) / saje0 sAnatana jaina dharma-anu =kAmatAprasAda ( kttkttaa)| saMbaI saMkSipta jaina itihAsa prathama mAga kAmatAprasAda (sAta) sahi sama DisTinguiDa jensa umagahi TAMka (maagg)| saMpAjasmA saMyukta prAMta ke prAcIna jaiva smAraka-30 zItala /

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[14] sasAija sTaDIja ina sAutha iMDiyana benijma pro. rAmalAmI mAyaMgara / sasU-samrATa akabara aura sUrIzvara-muni vidyAvijayajI (bAgarA) sakSadAei0sama kSatrI TrAibsa ina enziyanTa iMDiyA-DaoN. vimacaraNa lo| sAmsa sAmsa mApha dI bradarena / muni suttanipAta (S. B. E.) / sAiM0 TahIna ina sAutha iMDiyana jainijma pro. rAmAsvAmI mAyaMgara / hariH harivaMzapurANa-zro jinasenAcArya ( klkttaa)| haoN0 haoNrTa mApha jainIjma misena sTIvensana (chndm)| hisTrI bApha do bAryana rUka ina iMDiyA-Ive / hilI0= hisTokala glIniMgasa-DA. vimala caraNa loN| hiTe hindU Telsa-je0 je0 - se hiDrAva0-hindU DrAmeTika bama vikasan / priMphi - hisTrI mApha dI prI-buddhasTika iMDiyana philAsaphI bAramA (klkttaa)| hini0=hisTra eNDa liTrecA oNpha janIjma-mArodiyA (1809) hivi.-hindI vizvakoSa nAgendranAtha basu (kalakattaH ) / kSatrIlensa atrInsa ina buddhiSTa iNddiyaa-huN| vimlaacrnnlaa|

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OM namaH siddhebhyH| saMkSipta jaina itihaas| bhAga tIsarA-khaNDa phlaa| (arthAt dakSiNa bhAratake jainadharmakA itihAsa) praakkthn| jainadharma tAtvikarUpameM eka anAdi pravAha hai, vaha satya hai, eka vijJAna hai| usakA prAkRta itihAsa vastusvarUpa hai| vastu sAdi nahIM anAdi hai, kRtrima nahIM makRtrima hai, nAzavAna nahIM cirasthAyI hai, kUTastha nitya nahIM paryAyoMkA ghaTanAcakra hai| isa. liye vizvake nirmAraka padArthokA itihAsa hI jainadharmakA itihAsa hai| aura vizva nimAMka padArtha tatvavettAoMne jIva aura ajIva batAye haiM / caMtana padArtha yadi na ho to vizva aMdhakAramaya honAya / use jAne aura samajhe kauna ? aura yadi acaMtana padArtha na ho to isa saMsArameM jIva rahe kisake Azraya ? pratyakSa hameM vizva aura usake astitva kA jJAna hai| vaha hai aura apane astitvame jIva aura ajIvakI sthiti siddha kara rahA hai / parantu yaha jIva aura ajIva bhAye kahAMse ? yadi inheM kisI niyata samabapara kisI vyakti-vizeSa dvArA banA humA kahA jAya to yaha bhakhaNDa aura marutrima yA manAdi nahIM rhte|

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samita jaina itips| khaNDoMke bane hube honeke kAraNa inheM nAzavAna mI mAnanA pdd'egaa| para anubhava aisA nahIM hai| cetana kabhI maratA nahIM dekhA gayA aura na usakA jJAna TukaDoMne kaTA humA anekarUpa anubhavameM bhAyA / isaliye vaha amanmA hai / saMsArameM vaha anAdise majIvake saMsargameM par3A humA saMsaraNa kara rahA hai / jIva-majIvakA yaha sanAtana pravAha manantakA itihAsa hai / usakA pratyakSa anubhava pUrNa jJAnI bananepara hotA hai| jaina siddhAnta graMthoMmeM usakA rUparA aura upAya varNita hai / jijJAsugaNa unase bharanI manastuSTi kara sakate haiN| kintu dharma navavA vastusvarUpake isa sanAtana pravAhameM usakA vartamAna itihAsa jAna lenA upAdeya hai / vartamAnameM usakA nilapaNa kaise humA ? usakI samavRddhi kaise huI ? kina kina logoMne use kaise apanAyA ? usake yathArtha rUpaye dhabbe kaise kage? aura unase usake konara se vikRta-rUpa huye ? una vikRta rUpoMke kAraNa mula dharmakA kasA hAsa humA ? ityAdi prazna haiM jinakA uttara pAye binA manuSya apane jIvanako saphala banAne meM siddha-manogya nahIM ho sakatA / isIliye manuSya ke liye itihAma-za kho jJAnakI aavskaa| vaha manuSya ke naitika utthAna aura patanakA pratibimba hai| dharma aura madharma, puSa aura pApake maMcakA citrapaTa hai| usakA bAjharUpa rAjyoM ke utkarSa aura apakarSa, yoddhAoMkI jaya aura parAjabakA dyotaka hai; parantu yaha saba kucha puNya pApakA khela ho| isaliye itihAsa baha vijJAna hai jo manuSya jIvanako saphala banAneke liye naitika zikSA khulI pustakakI taga pradAna karatA hai| yaha

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~ manuSya meM viveka, utsAha aura zoryako jAgRta kara use vijayI vIra banAtA hai, isIliye usakI AvazyaktA hai| jaina dharmakA itihAsa usake anuyAyiyoMkI jIvana gAthA kyoMki dharma svayaM paGgu hai-vaha dharmAtmAnoMke Abhava hai| isa bAtako lakSya karake pahale maina itihAsake tIna saMDa likhe jA cuke haiN| unake pAThase pAThakagaNa jAna gaye haiM ki dharmakA pratipAdana isa kAma meM sarva prathama karmayugake bhArambhameM bhagavAna RSabhadeva dvArA humA vaa| bhagavAna RSabhadevake pahale yahAM mogabhUmi thii| yahAMke prANiyoMko jIvana nirvAhake liye kisI prakArakA parizrama nahIM karanA hotA thaa| unakA jIvana itanA sarala thA ki vaha prAkRtarUpameM hI apanI mAvazyaktAmoMkI pUrti kara lete the| jaina zAstra kahane hai ki 'kalpa. vRkSoM' se una logoMko manacAhe padArtha mila jAte the| vaha manamAne bhoga bhogate aura jIvanakA majA baTate the| kintu jamAnA hamezA ekasA nahIM rhtaa| vaha dina bIta gaye jaba yahAM hI svarga thaa| loga utane puNyazAlI manme hI nahIM kisarga-sukhake adhikArI isa naravAmameM hI hote / bena sAsa batAte haiM ki jaba eka roja kalpavRkSa nara ho cale, logoMko peTakA savAla hala karaneke liye buddhi aura balakA upayoga karanA bhAvazyaka hogayA, parantu ve jAnane to the hI nahIM ki unakA upayoga kaise kareM? ve apane medhAvI puru. poMko khojane lage, unoMne unako kulakara yA manu kahA / ina kulakaroMne, jo eka caudaha the, gegoMko jIvana nirvAha

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4] saMmita jaina, vijnyaas| karanekI prArambhika zikSA dii|' bArahaveM kulakarakA nAma marudeva thaa| unhoMne nAvika zikSAke sAtha 2 logoMko dAmpatyajIvanakA mahatva hRdayaGgama kraayaa| unhIke samayase kahanA cAhiye ki karmazIla nara-nAriyoMne gharagirastI banAkara rahanA sIkhA / zAyada yahI kAraNa hai ki vaidika sAhityameM mAratake mAdi nivAsI 'murudeva' bhI kahe gaye haiN| maMtima kulakara nAbhirAya the jinakI rAnI marudevo bhI / inhIM dampatike suputra bhagavAna RSabhadeva the| bhagavAna RSamadevane hI logoMko TIkase sabhya jIvana vyatIta karanA sikhAyA thaa| unake pUrvopArjita zubha karmokA hI yaha suphala thA ki svayaM indrane bhAkara unake sabhyatA aura saMskRtike prasArameM sahayoga pradAna kiyA thaa| kuTuMboMko unakI kAryakSamatAke anusAra unhoMne tIna vargAmeM vibhakta kara diyA thA, jo kSatrI, vaizya aura zadravarNa kahalAte the / jaba dharmatIrthakI sthApanA hocukI taba jJAnaprasArake liye brAhmaNavarga bhI sthApita humA / isataraha kula bhara vargoM meM samAja vibhakta karadI gaI; kintu usakA yaha vibhAjana mAtra rASTrIya muvidhA aura utthAnake liye thaa| usakA mAdhAra koI maulika bheda na thaa| usa samaya to saba hI manuSya eka jaise the| naitika va anya zikSA milanepara jaisI jisameM yogyatA gaura kSamatAdRSTi par3I vaisA hI usakA varNa sthApita kara diyA gayA; yadyapi sAmAjika sambandha-vivAha zAdI karane ke liye saba svAdhIna the / dakSiNa bhAratameM bhI isa vyavasthAkA pracAra thA, kyoMki vahAMke sAhi 1-. parSa 3 va 12 / 2-saMjA. 1121 /

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prAyana / [ 5 syase bhI inhIM cAra varNoMkA patA calatA hai aura inake jIvananirvAha ke liye ThIka vahI AjIvikAke chaha upAya batAye gaye haiM jo uttara bhAratameM milate haiN|' jaina zAstroMmeM uttara aura dakSiNa bhAratake manuSyoMmeM koI bheda najara nahIM par3atA / isase mAlUma hotA hai ki unameM usa samayakA varNana hai, jaba ki sAre bhAratameM eka hI sabhyatA aura saMskRti thI / usa samaya vaidika AryoMkA unako patA nahIM thaa| prAcIna zodha bhI hameM isI dizA kI ora lejAtI hai| harappA aura mohanajodarokI IsvI se pAMcahajAra varSo pahalekI sabhyatA aura saMskRti vaidika dharmAnuyAyI AyakI nahIM thI, yadyapi usakA sAdRzya aura sAmba drAvir3a sabhyatA aura saMskRtise thA, yaha bhAja vidvAnoMke nikaTa eka mAnya viSaya hai| sAtha hI yaha bhI prakaTa hai ki eka samaya drAvir3a sabhyatA uttara bhArata taka vistRta bhI / sArAMzataH yaha kahA jAsaktA hai ki vaidika mAyake pahale sAre bhAratavarSameM eka hI sabhyatA aura saMskRtiko mAnanevAle loga rahate the| yahI vajaha hai ki jainazAstroM meM uttara aura dakSiNa bhAratIyoM meM koI bheda dRSTi nahIM par3atA ! ra 1- 'thokakA piyam' jaise prAcIna prathase yahI pragaTa hai / varNoMke nAma (1) asara arthAt kSatrI, (2) anayenara arthAt brAhmaNa, (3) vaNikara, (4) villAlara (kRSaka) kSatrIvarNa jana pranthoMkI bhAMti pahale binA gayA hai| 2-mArazaTa, moda0 mA0 110 109-111 a comparison of the Indus and Vedio Cultures shows in contestably that they were unrelated." (p. 110).

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- - saMlita jaina itihaas| kintu prazna yaha hai ki vaidika Aryose pahale jo loga mAra. tameM rahate the vaha kauna the ? yadi hama mejara jenarala pharalaoNga sA0 ke mabhimatako mAnya ThaharAyeM to isa praznakA uttara yaha hogA ki be drAvir3a aura jainI the| aura sabakI marudeva yA nAmirAya kulakarakI santAna the|' unakI eka sabhyatA thI, eka saMskRti thI aura eka dharma thA, jaisA ki kulakaroM aura mAdibrahmA RSabhadevane nirapArita kiyA thaa| pAntu isa prabhapara jarA adhika gaharA vicAra bAnchanIya hai-manastuSTi gaMbhIra gaveSaNAse malI hotI hai| nissandeha yaha spaSTa hai ki bhAratake mAdi nivAsI vaidika mAdhyatAke mArya nahIM the| unake matirikta bhAratameM do prakArake manuSyoMke gahanekA patA calatA hai| unameMse eka sabhya the bhaura dUsare viskula asabhya the / pahale logoMkA prAcIna sAhityameM nAga, bhamura, drAvir3a Adi nAmose ullekha huA milatA hai aura dusare prakArake masabhya loga 'dAsa' kahe gaye haiN| kinI logoMkA manumAna hai ki inhIM 'dAsa' gegoMmeMse zuddha varNake loga the / sabhya loga 1. phaLAMga sA0 likhate haiM ki "anumAnata: 60 pUrva 1500se 8.. balki jagaNita samarase pazcimIya tathA uttarIya bhArata tUganI yA drAvidoM dvArA zAsita thA ....usI samaya uttarIya bhArata meM eka purAnA, sabhya, sadAntika paura vizeSataH sAdhunoMkA dharma arthAt jaina dharma bhI vimAna thaa| isI dharmase brAhmaNa maura bauddha dhoke sanyAma zAstroMne vikAsa pAyA / "-Short studies in the Scionce of Comparative Religions, (pp. 243-4) 2. maI, pu. bhU. 351-64

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[7 praathkn| mukhyatayA masura nAmase hI vikhyAta the| aba jarI dekhiye, vaidika sAhityameM ina masura logoMkI yaha khAsa vizeSatAyeM varNita haiM: (1) masura loga 'prajApati ' kI santAna the aura unakI tulanA vedika devatAoM ke samAna thii| (2) asura logoMkI bhASA saMskRta nahIM thii| pANinine unheM vyAkaraNake jJAnase hIna batAyA hai| Rgveda (7 / 18-13) meM unheM 'virodhI bhASA-bhASI' (of hostile speech) aura vaidika mAryokA zatru ( 1 / 174-2) kahA hai| (3) masura dhvanacihna sarpa aura garur3a the / (4) masura kSAtradharma pradhAna the| (5) asura loga jyotiSa vidyAme niSNAta the| (Rgveda 1 / 288) (6) mAyA yA jAdR ( magic) masurakA guNa thaa| (Rgveda 1 / 160-23) / asura logoMkI yaha vizeSatAyeM bhAja bhI jainiyoMke liye bhanUThI haiM / jaina zAstroma AdibrahmA RSabhadeva 'prajApati' bhI kahe gaye haiN|' Ajake jainI unakI santAna haiM aura ve bhI anya hindu oMkI taraha mArya hI haiM / jainiyoMkI bhASA saMskRtase sthAnapara prAkRta rahI hai jisakA vyAkaraNa athavA sAhityakarUpa saMskRtase zAyada bharvAcIna hai / prAkRta saMskRtase minna hI hai| isaliye jainiyoM aura amaroMkI mASA bhI sadRza pragaTa hotI hai| asura ciha sarpa 1. mahApurANa-visahastranAma -

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saMkSisamma tihAsa / jainoM vizeSa rUka hai / ekase adhika jaina tIrthakaroM aura zAsana devatAmoMse usakA sambandha hai| hAM, garur3akA cihna jainoMmeM utanA pracalita nahIM hai / jainoMke saba hI tIrthakara kSatrI the aura unakI zikSA pratyeka manuSyako kSAtra dharmakA anuyAyI banA detI hai| niyoMkA mAdhyAtmika kSAtradharma anUThA hai| brAhmaNoM aura bauddhoMne jainiyoMko jyotiSa vidyA niSNAta likhA hai aura prAcIna bhAratameM jaina mAnyatAnusAra hI kAlagaNanA pracalina thii| ina vidharmiyoMne jaina tIrthakkaroMkI bAhya vibhRti dekhakara unheM indrajAliyA ( jAdugara ) bhAdi kahA hai| ima prakAra asUra logoMkI khAsa vizeSatAyeM jainoM milatI haiM / usapara uparAnta asUra logoMdvArA marthavedakI mAnyatAkA ullekha hai, jise Rpi aGgarisane racA thaa| yaha RSi aGgArisa svayaM eka samaya jaina muni ye| isa sAkSIse bhI bhAmaroMkA jainadharmase sambaMdhita honA pragaTa hai| antataH vaidika purANa anyoMke nimna uddharaNoMse spaSTa hai ki asura bhI eka samaya jainadharmAnuyAyI the: (1) viSNupurANa' (ma0 17-18) meM eka kathA hai jisakA saMkSepa isaprakAra hai ki eka samaya devatA aura masuroMmeM 1. paJcataMtra (1 / 1) prabodha candrodaya nATaka, nyAyabindu ma. 3mAdi / nyAyavindu meM likhA hai: " yathA: sarpajJa prApto pAsa jyoti nAdikamupadiSTavAn / yathA RSabhavamAnAdiriti / " 2. basaverUnIkA bhArata varSa dekho-hamane kAlANanAmeM manasarpiNIkA ullekha kiyA hai| 3. bRhatsvayaMbhUstotrAdi / 4. "di -vizeSAMka....

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bar3A bhArI yuddha hubhA taba devatA hAra gaye mora asura jIta gye| hAre huye devagaNa viSNu bhagavAnakI zaraNameM bhAye aura bahuta stuti karake kahA ki mahArAja, kucha aisA upAya kIjiye jisase hama masuroMpara vijaya prApta kara sakeM / viSNu bhagavAnane yaha sunakara apane zarIrase eka mAyAmoha nAmakA puruSa utpanna kiyaa| vaha digambara ghuTe siravAlA aura mora picchidhArI thA / isa mAyAmohako viSNune una devoMko dekara kahA ki yaha mAyAmoha apanI mAyA ( jAdu ) se asuroM yA daityoMko dharma-bhraSTa kara degA aura taba tuma vijayI hoNge| mAyAmoha devoMke sAtha masuroke pAsa pahuMcA aura unheM bahuta taraha samajhAkara batAyA ki mAIta (jaina) dharma hI zreSTha hai-hame dhAraNa kro| asuroMne mAvAmohakA upadeza svIkAra kiyA smaura ve dharmabhraSTa hogaye / taba devoMne unheM jaldI hI parAsta kara ddaalaa| isa kathAmeM varNita mAyAmoha eka digambara jaina muni haiM aura unheM mAyAjAlI (jAdagara) batAyA 1. ityukto bhagavAstebhyo mAyAmohaM zarIrataH / samutpAtha dado viSNu: prAha cedaM mugettamAn // 41 // mAyAmohoyamakhilAn tyAMstAna mohayiSyati / tato vadhyA bhaviSyanti vedamArgamahiSkRtAH // 42 // sthitau sthitasya me vadhyA pAvantaH paripanthinaH / brahmaNo ye'dhikArasthA devadaityAdikA: murAH // 43 // tadgacchata nabhIkAryA mahAmoho'yammataH / gatvadyopakAgaya bhavatAM bhavitA mugaH // 44 // ityaadi| viSNupurANa .. 18

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saMkSipta maina itihaas| hai| unakA dharma spaSTa rUpase mAIta mata (jaina dharma) kahA gayA hai| narmavAvaTapara basanevAle asuroMko unhoMne jainadharma-rata banAyA thaa| bhamuroMkI pUrvollikhita vizeSatAyeM ina anI masuroMmeM mila jAtI haiN| (2) eka aisI hI kathA hindu 'padmapurANa' (prathama sRSTi sa~Da 13 pR0 33) para aMkita hai aura usameM bhI mAyAmoha jo digambara muMDe sira aura mora picchikApArI yogI (yogI digambaro muNDo barhipatragharodhayaM) thA, usake dvArA masuroMkA jainadharma rata honA likhA hai|' (3) devI bhAgavata' ( caturtha skaMdha madhyAya 13 ) meM kamana hai ki zukrAcArya apane amura-daityAdi yajamAnoMko dekhane gaye to kyA dekhate haiM ki chalaveSadhArI vRhaspatijI una masuroMko jaina dharmakA upadeza dete haiN| vaha asuroko 'devoMkA vairI' kahakara sambodhana karate haiM, jaise ki RgvedameM asuroMko kahA gayA hai| 1. bRhaspatisAhAyyArtha viSNunA mAyAmohasamutpAdanam digapareNa mAyAmohena desyAn prati jainadharmopadezaH dAnavAnAM mAyAmohamohitAnAM guruNA digambara jainadharmadIkSAdAnam / ' (papapurANa-veMkaTeghara presa bambaI pR. 2) isa purANameM daitya, dAnava bhora masura zabda samavAcI varSameM vyavahata haye haiM, kyoMki batameM likhA hai 'ayodharmasamutsajya mAyAmohena te'surAH / ' 2. 'palapaparaM saumyaM bodhayaMta balena tAn / jainadharma kRtaM svena yAniMdA paraM tathA // 14 // bho devaripathaH satyaM bravImi bhavatAM hitam / pahisA paramo dho'yaMtaNyAbAtatApinaH // 55 // ityaadi|

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prAyakana / (4) ' matsyapurANa ' ( a0 24 ) meM bhI devAsura yuddhakA prasaMga AyA hai aura usameM bhI unameM jaina dharmakA pracAra honA varNita hai|' ina uddharaNoMse siddha hai ki bhArata ke prAcIna nivAsI amura logoMmeM jainadharmakA pracAra rahA hai| ve devAsura saMgrAmake samaya jainI the / isaliye vaidika mAryokI sabhyatA aura saMskRtise pRthak aura prAcIna jo sabhyatA aura saMskRti sindhu upatyayakAmeM milatI hai vaha jaina dharmAnuyAyI asura logoMkI kahI jAsakatI hai aura usakA sAdRzya drAvir3a sabhyatAse hai / isaliye una donoMko eka mAnanA anucita nahIM hai| jaina granthoMse eka akhila bhAratIya sabhyatA aura saMskRtikA hI patA calatA hai|| mohanajodarokI mudrAoMpara vidvAnoMne aisI mUrtiyAM aura vAkya par3he haiM jinakA sambandha jaina dharma hai / eka mudrApara 'jinezvara " zabda likhA humA par3hA gayA hai| mudAmoMpara aDita mUrtiyAM yoganiSTha kAyotsarga mudrAvAlI nama haiM, jaisI ki jaina mUrtiyAM hotI haiN|' eka padmAsana mUrti to TIka bhagavAna pArzvanAthakI sarpaphaNamaNDala yukta pratimAke anurUpa hai| unakI nAsAgra dRSTi, kAyotsarga mudrA aura vRSabhAdi ciha ThIka jina mUrtiyoM ke samAna haiN| yaha samAnatA bhI una martiyoMko jaina dharmAnuyAyI pulodvArA nirmita pragaTa karatI haiN| 1. purAtatya, bhA0 4 pR0 176 2. iMhikA0 mA0 8 pariziSTa pR0 30 1. Modern Roviow, August 1932, pp. 155-160 4. moda., mA0 1 pR. 6. Plato XIII, 15, 16.

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12] saMkSipta jana itihaas| ughara jaina zAmroMse yaha pragaTa hI hai ki uttara bhAratakI taraha dakSiNa bhAratake dezoMmeM bhI sarva prathama ma0 RSabhadeva dvArA hI samyatA aura saMskRtikA pracAra huA thaa| jaba vaha samUce dezakI vyavasthA karane lage the, taba indrane sAre dezako nimnalikhita 52 pradezoMmeM vibhakta kiyA thA: "sukauzala, avaMtI, puMDa, uMDU, azmaka ramyaka, kuru, kAzI, kaliMga, maMga, baMga. sukha, samudraka, kAzmIra uzInara, Anarta, vatsa, paMcAla, mAlava. dazArNa, kaccha, magara, vidarbha, kurujAMgala, karahATa, mahArASTra, murASTra, mAmIra, koMkaNa, vanavAsa, mAMdhra, karNATa, kozala, cola, kerala, dAru, abhisAra. mauvIra, sUrasena, aparAMta, videi, siMdhu, gAMdhAra, yavana, cedi, pallava, kAMboja, mAraTTa, bAlhIka. turuSka, zaka, aura kekaya / ' 1. " dezA: sukozalAvaMtIpuDroDAzmakaramyakA: / kurukAzIkaliMgAMgabaMgasuhyAH samudrakAH // 152 / / kAzma rozInaganatavatsapaMcALamAlavA: / dazA: kacchamagamA vidarbhA kurujAMgalaM // 15 // karahATamahArASSTrasugaSTrAmIrakoMkaNAH / banavAsAMdhra karNATakozaTAcoLakeralA: // 154 // dAbhisAsauvIra zUrasenApatakAH / videhasiMdhugAMdhArayavanAzvedipalluvAH // 155 // kAMbojAMgavAlalAparuzakakekayA: / nivezitAstathAnyevi vibhaktA viSayAstadA" || 156 // mAdipurANa parva 16 /

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praathaan| [12 inameM mazmaka ramyaka, karahATa, mahArASTra, mAmIra, koMkaNa, banavAsa, mAMdhra, karNATa, cola, kerala mAdi deza dakSiNa bhAratameM milate haiM / isase spaSTa hai ki bha0 RSabhadeva dvArA ina dezoMkA astitva aura saMskAra humA thA / mata: dakSiNa bhAratameM jaina dharmakA itihAsa uma hI samaya arthAt karmamamikI Adise hI prAraMbha hotA hai / isa apekSA hameM use do bhAgoMmeM vibhakta karanA ucita pratIta hotA hai arthAt:(1) paurANika kAla:-isa antarAlameM bhagavAna RSabha devase 21 veM tIrthaGkA ma* naminAtha takakA saMkSipta itihAsa samAviSTa hojAtA hai / (2) aitihAsika kAla:-ima antarALameM uparAntake tIrthakkageM aura mAnataka huye mahApuruSoMkA itihAsa garbhita hotA hai| yaha antarAla nimna prakAra tIna mAgoMmeM bAMTanA upayukta hai| arthAna:(1) prAcInakAla (I0 pUrva 5000 se I0 pUrva 1) (2) madhyakAla ( san 1 se 1300 I.) (3) avAMcInakAla ( uparAnta ) bhAgeke pRSToMce isI uparyukta kramame dakSiNa mAgtaka jaina ini. hAsakA varNana karanekA udyoga kiyA gayA hai| pahale hI paugaNika kAla' kA vivaraNa pAThakoM ke samakSa upasthita kiyA jAtA hai|

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saM. jaina i. bhAga 3 khaMDa 1. paurANika kaal| dakSiNa bhAratakA itihaas|

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paurANika kaal| (" bha0 RSabhadeva aura samrAT bharata ") bhagavAna RSabhadeva athavA vRSabhadeva jaina dharmameM mAne gaye isa bhavasarpiNIkAla ke pahale tIrthakara the| jaina dharmameM tIrthaGkarame bhAva usa mahApuruSase hai mo isa saMsAra-samudrame pAra utArane ke liye aura mokSasthAnako prApta hone ke liye eka dharma-nArthakI sthApanA karate haiM / RSabhadeva eka aise hI tIrthaka the / para sAtha hI unako 'kulakara' yA 'manu' bhI kahA gayA hai / vaha isaliye ki unhoMne hI vastutaH manuSyako sabhya aura saMskRta jIvana vyatIta karanA sikhAyA thaa| yaha pahale likhA jA cukA hai ki bhagavAna RSabhadeva mantima kula. kara nAbhigaya aura unakI ganI marudevIke suputra the / hindu purANa pranthoMmeM unakI gaNanA avatAroMmeM kI gaI hai aura unheM pAThavAM avatAra kahA gayA hai| bhagavAnakA janma caitra kRSNA 2 ko ayodhyAme humA thA aura unakA janma-hamava khUba dhUmadhAmme manAyA gayA thaa| vaha dharmaka prathama upadeSTA ye imaliya unakA nAma 'zrI vRSabhanAtha svasvA gayA thA / jima samaya ka mI marudevIka garbhame the, usa samaya unakI mAMne sAla. zubha svapna deva 2. jinake aMmeM eka sundara baina thA : saMkRta balako 'vRSama' kahane haiM aura alaM. kuna bhASa meM vaha dharmanake liye vyavahRta huA hai|' imaliye hI 1-mama0 pR0 12-17: do mAnenTa hindI bhAva iMDiyA dekho|

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18] - saMkSipta jaina itihaas| bhagavAnakA dhvajacinha bhI * vRSama' (Bull) thaa| bhagavAna RSamadevakI jo mUrtiyAM milatI haiM unameM yaha bailakA cihna milatA hai|' bhagavAna RSabhadeva svayaM jJAnI the| mAnavoMmeM sarvazreSTha the / unakI yuvAvasthAkI ceSTAyeM paropakArake liye hotI thiiN| unase janatAkA vAstavika hita sadhA thaa| ve svayaM gaNita, chaMda, alaMkAra, vyAkaraNa, lekhana, citralipi mAdi vidyAoM aura kalAbhoMke jJAtA the aura unhoMne hI sabase pahale inakA jJAna logoM ko karAyA thaa| pUrNa yuvA honepara unakA vivAha kaccha mahAkaccha nAmaka do rAjAoMkI parama suMdarI bhaura viduSI naMdA aura sunaMdA nAmaka do gajakumAriyoM ke sAtha huA thaa| rAnI munandAke samasta bharatakSetrakA pahalA samrATa bharata cakravartI nAmakA putra aura brAhmI nAmakI kanyA huI thii| RSabhadevane brAmIko hI pahale pahale lemvanakaLAkI zikSA dI thii| isIliye mAratIya Adi lipi - brAhmI lipi ' kahalAtI hai| dUsarI rAnI munandAke mahAbalavAna bAhubali aura paramasuMdarI sundarI nAmakI kanyA huI thii| bharatake vRSabhasena Adi aTThAnave bhAI aura the| ina saba putroMko vividha pradezoMme gajapatiSTha karake RSabhadeva nizcita haye the / yaha hama pahale likha cuke haiM ki prajAkI Adi vyavasthA 1. mohanajodarAkI mudrAmopA katipaya kAya tsarga mudAkI nama matiyAM aMkita hai jinapara baiThakA cihna bhI hai / rA0 0 rAmaprasAda candA mahAzaya unheM bha. RSabhadevakI mUrtike samAna pragaTa karate haiN| ma. RSamadevane kAyotsarga mudrAmeM tapazvANa kiyA thaa| (Modern Review, Aug: 1932, p. 159. )

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paurANika kAla / [19 ma0 RSabhadeva dvArA hI huI thI / bharata yuvarAja the aura RSabhadevake muni hojAne para rAjyAdhikArI huye the| unake bhAiyoM se katipayakA rAjya dakSiNa bhArata ke nimna likhita pradezoM thA: bhazmaka, mUlaka, kaliMga, kuMtala, mahiSaka, navarASTra, bhogavana ityAdi / bhagavAna RSabhadeva aura unakI santAna * ikSvAku kSatriya' kahalAte the| yahI ikSvAkuvaMza uparAnta 'mUrya' aura 'candra' vaMzope vibhakta hogayA thaa| samrAT maratane sabhyatA aura saMskRti ke prasArake liye chahoM khaMDa pRthvIkI digvijaya kI thii| unhIM ke nAmakI apekSA yaha deza - bhAratavarSa ' kahA jAtA hai| bhAratake uttara aura dakSiNa bhAgoMkA eka hI nAma honA isa bAtakA pramANa hai ki mabhUcA deza bharata mahArAjake adhikArameM thaa| sAre bhAgnakA taba eka hI rAjA, eka hI dharma aura eka hI sabhyatA thii| nRtyakAriNI nIlAMjasAko nRtya karane karate hI vilIyamAna hotA dekhakara RSabhadevako vairAgya utpanna huaa| caitra vadI navIke dina bhagavAn digambara muni ho tapazcaraNa karane lge| unake sAtha cAra hajAra manya rAjA bhI muni hogae / parantu kaThina municAMko vaha nibhA na ske| isaliye munipadase bhraSTa hokara ve nAnA pAkhaNDoMke pratipAdaka huye / inameM bha0 RSamadevakA pautra magaci pradhAna thA usane sAMkhya matake sadRza eka dharmakI nIMva DAlI thii| bhAkhira bha0 RSamadeva sarvajJa paramAtmA huye aura taba unoMne sAre dezameM vihAra karake lokakA mahAn kalyANa kiyA thaa| yaha

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20 ] saMkSipta jaina itihAsa isa kAlameM Adi dharma dezanA thii| bhagavAnane kAzI, avaMtI, kurujAMgaLa, kozala, sujha, puMDU, cedi, aMga, baMga, magadha, maMtra, kaliMga, bhadra, paMcAla mAlava, dazArNa, vidarbha Adi dezoMmeM bihAra kiyA thA / logoMko sanmArgara lagAyA thA / antataH kailAsa parvata para jAkara bhagavAna virAjamAna huye the aura vahIMse mAgha kRSNA catudazIko bhagavAna nirvANapadake adhikArI huye / bharata mahArAjane unake smAraka meM vahAM unakI svarNa-pratimA nirmita karAI thI / * 1 dakSiNa bhAratake prathama sabhrAT bAhubali / bhagavAna RSabhadevake dUsare putra bAhubali the / yaha mahA balavAna aura ati suMdara the / isIliye inako pahalA kAmadeva kahA gayA hai / bhagavAna RSabhadevane bAhubaliko azmaka - ramyaka athavA suramya dezakA zAsaka niyukta kiyA thA aura vaha podanapura se prajAkA pAlana karate the | apane samaya ke anupama sundara aura zreSTha zAsakako pAkara unakI prajA atIva saMtuSTa huI thii| yahI vajaha hai ki Aja bhI unakI pavitra smRti logoM ke hRdayoMmeM sajIva hai| dakSiNa bhArata ke loga unheM 'gomaTTa' arthAt 'kAmadeva' nAmase smaraNa karate haiM aura nissandeha vaha kAmadeva the / parantu kAmadeva hote huye bhI bAhubali nIti aura maryAdA dharmake Adarza the / sAtha hI unakI manovRtti svAdhIna aura nyAyAnumodita thI / vaha anyAyake pratikAra aura kartavya pAlana ke liye moha mamatA aura kAyaratA se * vizeSake liye mAdipurANa va saMkSipta jana itihAsa prathama bhAga dekho /

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paurANika kAcha / [21 pare rahate the / 'svArtha' nahIM - 'kartavya' unakA mArgadarzaka thA / isIliye vaha eka Adarza samrAT aura mahAna yogI ke rUpameM prasiddha hue / 'cakravartI' - padako sArthaka banAneke liye apane aura parAye saba hI zAsakoMko ekadaphA natamastaka banA denA Arya rAjanItikA tAz2A rahA hai / samrAT bharatako cakravartI honA thaa| unhoMne SaTkhaNDa pRthvI jIta lI thii| parantu unake bhAI mabhI bAkI the / samrATne cAhA ki unake bhAI kevala unakI Ana mAna leM / para ve saba svAdhIna vRtti kSatrI the / unhoMne bhAIke svArtha aura aizvaryamadako viveka netrase dekhA aura socA- "yaha pRthvI pitAjIne hameM dI hai / hamAre bar3e bhAI usapara apanA adhikAra cAhate haiM / hama isame moha kyoM kareM ? pitAjI ise chor3a gaye / calo, hama bhI ise tyAga deM / " unhoMne jaisA socA vaisA kara dikhAyA / ve saba tIrthaGkara RSabhadevake caraNatalame jAkara muni homaye / bharatakaM bhAiyoMmeM bAhubali bAkI rahe / bharata mahArAjane maMtriyoMkI sammatiko Adara dekara apanA dUna unake pAsa bhejA / dutane bahutamI unAra caDhAvakI bAteM kahIM; parantu bAhubalipara unakA kucha bhI asara nahIM huA / unhoMne dUtake dvArA bharata mahArAjako raNAnagarme Aneke liye nimaMtraNa bhijavA diyA / samrAT bhagta pahale se hI isa vyavasarakI pratIkSA meM the / unhoMne apanI caturaMgaNI senA samAI aura vaha lAvalazkara lekara podanapurake liye cala diye / udhara bAhubalizI senA bhI zastrAstra susajjita ho raNakSetra bhATI / donoM senAyeM Amane-sAmane yuddha ke lie taiyAra kiiN| do

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22] saMkSipta jaina itihAsa narapuMgavoMkI javAna hilAne bharakI dera thI ki lAkhoM naramuMDa dharAtala para loTate dikhAI dete / parantu donoM zAsakoMka rAjamaMtriyoMkA viveka jAgRta humA / unhoMne dekhA, yaha nirarthaka hiMsA hai-anarthadaNDa hai| ise kyoM na rokA jAya ? donoMne narazArdUloMko samajhAyA / niraparAdha manuSyoMkI amUlya jAneM kyoM jA~yeM ? svayaM bhAta aura bAhubali hI apane bala pauruSakI parIkSA karaleM / yahI nizcita humaa| malayuddha-netrayuddha mAdi kaI prakArake yuddhoMmeM donoM vIroMne apane mAnyoMkI parIkSA kI; parantu bAhubalikA pauruSa mahAna thA / bharata unako na pA paaye| vaha khisiyA gaye / ___ apamAnake paritApase vaha aise kSobhita hue ki unhoMne apane bhAI para hI cakra calA diyA; kintu sagotrI hone ke kAraNa cakra bhI bAhubalikA kucha na bigAr3a skaa| hA~, bharatakI yaha khArthaparatA dekhakara unake hRdayako gaharI coTa phuNcii| unako rAja-pATa heya jaMcane lgaa| unhoMne manuSyakI mAyA-mamatAko dhikkArA pora banAbhUSaNa tyAga kara digambara muni hoge| bharata natamastaka hokara bhayodhyA lauTa mAye / podanapurameM bAhubalikA putra rAjyazAsana karane bhagA aura unhIMkI santatikA vahAM madhikAra rhaa| podanapurameM rahakara bAhubaline ghora tapazraraNa kiyaa| vaha kAyo. sarga mudrAmeM zAnta aura gaMbhIra bane hue eka sAlataka lagAtAra dhyAnamama rhe| cITiyoMne unake pAMvoMke sahAre bAMviyAM banAlI, batAyeM unake zarIra para car3ha gii| parantu unako jarA bhI khayAla na hunA / upara bharatamahArAjako bhI mAIke darzana karanekI mamikAmA

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paurANika kaal| huii| vaha podanapura gye| unhoMne bar3e premase rAjarSi bAhubalikI vandanA kii| bAhubali nirAkula hue| unhoMne apane dhyAnako aura bhI vizuddha banAyA aura ghAtiyA kokA nAza kara diyA / vaha kevalajJAnI hogae / devoMne utsava manAyA / bharatamahArAjane unake kevalajJAnakI pUjA kii| bAhubaline cAtaka zrotAoMko dharmAmRta pAna kraayaa| aura vaha sAre dezameM vihAra karane lge| bhAtamahArAjane unakI pavitra smRtimeM podanapurameM eka svarNamUrti unhoMke bhAkArakI sthApita karAI; jo vahA~ eka lambe samaya taka vidyamAna rhii| ___ vihAra karate hue rAjarSi bAhubali kailAza parvatapara pahu~ce aura vahA~para unhoMne pUrNa dhyAnakA Azraya liyA, jisake pariNAma svarUpa vaha nirvANake adhikArI hue| vidvAnoMkA anumAna hai ki bAhubali hI dakSiNamArata ke pahale samrAT dharmAmRta varSA karake mokSakAma karanevAle pahale manuSya the|' hamAre vicArase yaha mAnyatA hai bhI ThIka; kyoMki bAhubalikA rAjyapradeza aznakaramyaka aura podanapura dakSiNabhAratameM hI avasthita pramANita hote haiN| yadyapi kAI 2 vidvAn podanapurako bhAratakI pazcimottara mImA avasthita aura prAyaH takSazilA hI anumAna karate haiM; parantu unakI yaha mAnyatA yuktipuramsara nahIM hai| nimna paMktiyoMmeM pAThakagaNa podanapurako prAcIna dakSiNApathameM avasthita siddha huA pddh'eNge| jaina saMgha podanapurakA kathana aneka sthaloMpara mAyA hai aura 1-pamapurANa caturya parva ko* 65-77.

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24 ] saMkSipta jaina itihAsa | unakA ullekha Age ke pRSThoMmeM pAThakagaNa yathAsthAna pddh'eNge| sabase pahale isakA ullekha bAhubalijI ke sambandhameM huA milatA hai / 'mahApurANa' meM likhA hai ki mastake dUtane podanapurako zAlicAvala aura ganne ke khetoMse lahalahAtA pAyA thA aura vaha saMkhyAna' dinoMmeM hI vahAM pahuMca gayA thA / ' harivaMzapurANa' meM likhA hai ki dUta ayodhyA se pazcima dizAko calakara podanapura pahuMcA thaa| 3 ina ullekhoMse STa hai ki podanapura ayodhyAme bahuta jyAdA dUra nahIM thA aura na vaha ayodhyAse uttara dizAmeM thA; jaise ki takSazilA honI cAhiye / unake AsapAsa zAlicAvala aura gannA hote the| takSazilAmeM yaha cIjeM zAyada hI milatI ho| sAtha hI takSazilA meM eka bRhatkAya bAhubaka mRrtike astitvakA patA nahIM calatA, joki podanapurakA khAsa smAraka thA / bAhubali ke atirikta podanapurakA svAma ullekha bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke pUrvabhava caritrameM milatA hai| bhagavAna pArzvanAtha apane pahale bhava podanapura ke rAjA aravinda ke purohita vizvabhUtike suputra marubhUmi the| unake bhAI kamaTha the / kamaTha duSTa prakRtikA manuSya thA / usane marubhUtikI strIse vyabhicAra sevana kiyA jisakA daNDa use dezanikAlA milA | 1 - ' zAlivapreSu' - 'zAlIkSumIra kSetravRta: ( 35 parva ) " krameNa dezAn siMdha devasaMbaMdha so'tiyan / zrApat saMkhyAvarapuraM podnm||" 2- harivaMzapurANa, sarga 11 loka 79 /

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paurANika kaal| [25 vaha podanapurase calakara bhUtAcala parvatapara eka tApasAzramameM kutapa tapane lgaa| marubhUti marakara malayaparvatake kunjakamallakI banameM hAthI huaa| vaha vahAM vegavatI nadIke kinArepara rahatA thaa| 'uttarapurANa' meM spaSTa zabdoMne podanapurako dakSiNabhAratake suramyadezameM avasthita likhA hai| zrI vAdirAjasarine bhI podanapurako sugmpadezameM zAlicAvaloMke khetoMse bharapUra likhA hai|' vahAMse bhUtAcala parvata adhika dUra nahIM thaa| zrIjinamenAcAryane mRtAcalake sthAnapara rAmagiri parvata likhA hai| aba yaha dekhanA cAhiye ki podanapurake nikaTavartI uparokta sthAna kahAMpara the ? pahale hI bhUtAcala yA rAmagiri parvatako lIjiye / zrI jinasenAcArya ne rAmagirikA ullekha bhRtAcala ke liye kiyA hai, isaliye yaha anumAna karanA ThIka hai ki gamagiri aura bhUnAcA eka hI parvatake bhinna nAma ye, athavA eka parvatakI do ziviroM ke nAma the| rAmagiri nAgapura DivIjanakA rAmaTeka hai. jo bhAja bhI eka pramida tIrthasthAna hai| zrI ugrAdityAcAryane gamagirike jaiva maMdigmeM hI baiThakara graMtha gcanA kI thii| unhoMne ume trikaliGga deza meM avasthita 1-"jabUvibhUSaNe dvIpe mAte dakSiNe mahAn / suramyo viSayastA vistIrNa pAdanaM pu||" 2-pArzvanAthacarit prathama marga loka 37-38, 48 va sarga 2 koka 15 3-pAbhyudayakAvya-'yo nimatsa-ityAdi paca dekho| 4-jaina siddhAMta mAskara (jaisimA0) mA0 3 pR. 13-14 /

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26] saMkSita jaina itihaas| likhA hai, jise vidvajana mAdhunika madhyaprAMta hI pragaTa karate haiN|' aba jaba rAmagiri rAmaTeka hai to bhUtAcaka bhI vahIM kahIM honA caahiye| hamAre mitra zrI govinda pai nAgapura DivIjanake vetUla jileko bhUtAcala anumAna karate haiN| usake AsapAsa parvata haiM aura vaha azmakadezase bhI dUra nahIM hai, jaise ki prAcIna bhAratake nakazese spaSTa hai| hindU ' matsyapurANa' se eka 'tApasa ' nAmaka pradezakA dakSiNApathake uttara bhAgameM honA pragaTa hai, jo yUnAnI lekhaka TolmIkA madhyadezavartI tabamaiM' (Tabassoi) pratIta hotA hai| ataH yaha saMbhava hai ki kamaTha va tApasa dezameM sthita bhUtAcala yA rAmagiri parvatapara kutapa tapane gayA thaa| jo ho, yaha spaSTa hai ki podanapurake nikaTa avasthita uparokta parvata dakSiNApathake uttarIya bhAga vidyamAna the| ___ aba malaya parvata aura kubjakasallakI banako lIjiye / kaniMghama sA0ne malayaparvatako drAvir3a dezameM sthita batAyA hai|' cInadezake yAtrI vhAntsAMgane ume kAMcIse dakSiNakI ora 3000 1-'vejoza trikaliGga deza....ramye raamgiraaviNd....|' -simA0 3 pR. 53 / 2-pro0 mukarajIko 'Fundamental Unity of India' nAmaka pustaka meM lagA humA prAcIna bhAratakA nakazA dekho| 3-matsya purANa (Panini ofice od., S. B.H. Vol. XVII) ch. CXIV. "-paae|.puu. 627 //

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paurANika kaal| [27 mIlakI dUrIpara likhA hai ' vegavatI nadI bhI drAvir3adezameM hai|' malayaparvatapara candana vRkSoMkA vana thaa| vahIM kunjakasallakI vana anu. mAna kiyA jAsakatA hai / isaprakAra podanapurake pAsameM avasthita ye uparokta sthAna bhI dakSiNa bhAratameM milate haiM / podanapura inase uttarakI ora honA caahiye| kyoMki 'bhujabali carita' meM ullekha hai ki gA senApati cAmuNDarAya podanapura kI yAtrA karane ke liye uttarakI ora calate huye zravaNabelagola pahuMce the| zeha rahA suramya deza, jisakI rAjadhAnI podanapura thI / yaha deza bhI dakSiNApathameM avasthita milatA hai| yUnAnI lekhaka TolamIne 'ramanai' (Ramnai) nAmaka eka pradeza madhyapradezameM likhA hai, jo vartamAnake madhyapAnta, varAra aura nijAma rAjyake kucha aMza nitanA thaa| saMbhavataH yaha ramane hI jainoMkA suramya deza hai / 'AdipurANa' meM isIkA nAma saMbhavataH azmakAmyaka hai : aba jarA majena sAkSIpara bhI dhyAna diijiye| bauDa jAtakoM podanapura azmakadezakI gajadhAnI kahA gayA hai tathA 'muttanirAta meM massakadeza godAvarI nadIka nikaTa sakya parvata, pazcimI ghATa bhaura daNDakAraNyake madhya avasthita likhA hai| saMskRta bhASAke koSa vRhadAbhidhAn' meM pauNDya rAjA bhaimakakI gajadhAnI kahI gaI haiM paura rAmAyaNa' (kiSkindhAkANDa, meM azmaka deza bhArata ke dakSiNa 1-pUrva0 pR. 741 / 2-pUrva* pR0 739 / 3-pravaNabeLagoTa pR0 10-11 / 4-baga mAga 22 pR0 211 /

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28] saMkSipta na itihAsa / yA dakSiNa pazcimotara bhAgameM batAyA gayA hai| kintu prazna yaha hai ki kyA majaina graMthoM kA podana yA pauNDya aura azmakadeza bhainazAghokA podanapura aura sugamyadeza hai ? hamAre gyAlase unheM eka mAnanA yuktisaMgata hai| mAdipugaNAnusAra suramyadezakA apagnAma yadi azmaka-ramyaka mAnA jAya to azmakadezako muramya mAnA jAsakatA hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki azmakakA apara nAma ramyaka yA suramya thA athavA yaha bhI saMbhava hai ki usake uparAnta do bhAga azmaka aura ramyaka hogae hoN| yaha saSTa hI hai ki azmaka aura ramyaka prAyaH eka hI dakSiNApathavartI pradeza thaa| harivaMzapurANa' meM azmakako dakSiNa deza hI likhA hai| ajaina lekhakoMne mI azmakako dakSiNabhAratakA deza likhA hai| varAhamihirane mAMdhra ke bAda azmakako ginA hai|' gajazeSarane bhI 'kAvyamImAMsA' meM azmakako dakSiNadeza likhA hai|' zAkaTAyanane sAlva (bAMdhoM) ke bAda azpakakA ullekha kiyA hai| kauTilyane azmakako hIroM ke liye prastyAta aura rASTrikoM ke bAda likhA hai|' vindhyAcalake pare prAcIna dakSiNApathameM hameM hIroMkI prasiddha 1-aMga* bhA0 22 pR0 211 / 2-hari0 marga 11 bhoka 70-71 / 3-varAhamihigsaMhitA pari. 16ko. 11 / -.O.S.,TAI,ab. P. +-(24 // 1.1) 6-marthazAstra, mAvikAra 2, prakaraNa 29 /

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paurANika kaal| [29 khAna golakunDA mila jAtI hai| isaliye azmakadeza bhAjakalakA barAra aura nijAma rAjyakA kucha aMza jitanA thaa| udhara suramyadeza bhI madhyaprAnta, barAra aura nijAma rAjyako aMzako mAnemeM liye huye thA, yaha pahale hI likhA jAcukA hai| ataH donoM dezoM ko eka athavA eka dezave do bhAga mAnanA yuktisaMgata hai| isa avasthA podanapura bhAratakI pazcimottara sImApA nahIM mAna! jAmatA / kavi dhanapAlane -- bhaviSyadatta kathA meM hastinApurake rAjA aura podanapura ke zAsaka yuddha hone kA ullamva kiyA hai| ina donoM gajyoMka bIcameM kaccha dezakI sthiti vaisI hI thI jaisI ki gata yUropIya mahAyuddhame balajiyamakI thI / yaha kaccha deza siMdhudezaka samIpa sthita kaccha, nahIM ho sakata: kyoMki vaha donoM rAjyoM ke bIcameM nahIM par3anA / ho. yadi yaha kaccha deza gvAliyara gajyaka namvarajilemeM rahe huye kacchavAI kSatriyoM kA pradeza mAnA jAya, jisakA mAnanA TIka pratIta hotA hai. nA usakI sthiti donoM gajyoMke ThIka bIcameM AjAnaH hai| kavi dhanapAlana podanapura narezako sAkena nagendra bhI likhA hai, jisakA bhAva yahI hai ki vaha sAta (ayodhyA) ke gajavaMzase sambandhita the / podanapura rAjakulake mAdipuruSa bAhubali sAketa. rAjAke suputra aura yuvarAja the / kavi dhanapArane podanapurako miMdhudezameM likhA hai so TIka hai, kyoMki bhavannIke bhAsapAsakA pradeza sindhunadIkI apekSA mindhudeza bhI kahalAtA thaa| ata: bAhubali 9-G. O. S., Vol. XX Intro:

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30] saMkSisa jaina itihaas| nazakI gajadhAnI podanapura dakSiNApathameM hI pramANita hotI hai|' bAhubali dakSiNa bhAratake pahale samrATa the aura pahale sAdhu the| dakSiNa bhAratameM Aja bhI unakI bRttakAya pASANamUrtiyAM isa smArakako jIvita banAye hue haiN| "anya tIthakara aura nArAyaNa tRpRsstt|" bhagavAn RSabhadevake atirikta paurANika kAlameM bhagavAna ajitanAthame bhagavAna mariSTanemi paryanta 21 tIrthakkara aura huye the / ina tIrthakaroMne bhI kevalajJAna prApta karake uttara aura dakSiNabhAratameM vihAra kiyA aura dharmApadeza diyA thaa| 'uttarapurANa' meM likhA hai| ki malayadezake bhadrapurameM nIrthakkara zItalanAthakA janma huA thA / aura vahIMpara muMDazAlayana nAmaka eka brAhmaNa rahatA thA, jisane lobha kaSAyake vaza ho karake aise zAstroMkI racanA kI ki jinameM brAhmagoMko sone cAMdIkA dAna denekA varNana thaa| ___ una zAstroMko gajadarabArameM upasthita karake usane dAna dakSiNA bahutasA dhana prApta kiyA thaa| yahIMse mithyA matakA pracAra huA kahA gayA hai| malayadeza drAviDakSetrameM mAnA jAtA hai / isaliye bhadrapura bhI vahIM bhavasthita pragaTa hotA hai; kintu mAdhunika mAnyatAnusAra zItalanAtha bhagavAnakA janmasthAna vartamAna bhelamA hai, jo madhyapradeza meM mavasthita hai| isa mAnyatAkA kyA mAdhAra hai, yaha jJAta nahIM hai| 1-vizeSake liye 'bUlanara momerezana vAlyUma' ( lAhora ) meM hamArA 'podanapura gaura takSazilA' zIrSaka Dekha dekho| 2-upu. 56 / 23-85 /

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manya tIrthakara aura nArAyaNa spRsstt| [31 dusare tIrthakara bha0 majitanAthake samaya sagara cakravartI huye the| unhoMne SaTkhaMDa digvijaya kiye the, jisakA artha yaha hotA hai ki unhoMne dakSiNamAratako bhI vijaya kiyA thaa| unake pazcAt kALAnusAra maghavA, sanatkumAra, subhauma, padma, hariSeNa mAdi cakravartI huye the, jinhoMne bhI apanI digvijayameM dakSiNabhArata para apanI vijaya-vaijayantI phaharAI thii| ma0 zreyAMsanAyake samayameM dakSiNApathavartI podanapurake rAjA prajApati the| unakI mahArAnIkA nAma bhagavatI thaa| unake eka mAgyazAlI putra janmA, jisakA nAma unhoMne tRpRSTa rakamvA / yahI tRpRSTa jainazAstroMmeM pahale nArAyaNa kahe gaye haiN| tRpRSTakI vimAtAse utpanna vijaya nAmaka mAI pahale baladeva the| tRpRSTa aura vijayameM paraspara bahuta hI prema thaa| nArAvaNa tRpRSTane pratinArAyaNa azvagrIvako yuddhameM hagakara dakSiNa bhAratako apane mAdhIna kiyA thaa| tRpRSTakI paTTAnI svayaMprabhA thI aura usake jyeSTha putra kA nAma zrIvinaya thaa| zrIvijayakA vivAha tArAke sAtha huA thaa| tRpRSTake bAda podanapurake gajA zrIvijaya huye the / unake bhAI vijayamadra yuvagaja the| tAgako eka vidyAdhara hara legayA thaa| zrI vijaya ne yuddha karake tAgako usa vidyAdharase vApasa liyA thA / gajA prajApani aura baladeva vinayane munivrata dhAraNa kara karmoM kA nAza kiyA thA; parantu nRpRSTa bahu pari. grahI hone ke kAraNa narakakA pAtra banA thaa| to bhI isameM zaka nahIM ki dakSiNa bhAratakA vaha dumaga prasiddha aura balavAna rAjA thaa|' 1-parva 57 va parva 62 dekho|

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saMkSipta jaina itihAsa / nArAyaNa dvipRSTa / samaya meM huye the / parantu unake pUrva dUsare nArAyaNa dvipRSTa bhagavAna vAsupUjya ke yadyapi unakA janma dvAganatI nagarImeM huA thA, bhavakA sambandha dakSiNa bhArata se avazya thA / apane pUrvabhavameM baha kanakapurake rAjA supeNa the| unakI guNamaMjarI nAmaka nRtyakAriNI suMdarI aura vidvAna thI / malayadezake viMdhyapura nagarameM rAjA viMdhya - zakti rAjya karatA thA / usane guNamaMjarI kI prasiddhi sunI aura sunate hI usane supeNase use maMgavA bhejA / aura jaba supeNane use rAjIse nahIM diyA to vaha supeNako yuddhameM parAsta karake jIva lAyA / supeNa muni hogayA aura Ayu pUrI kara svargameM deva huA / 32 ] vahAMse cayakara vahIM nArAyaNa dvipRSTa huA / viMdhyazaktise usakA pUrva vaira thA use vaha bhUlA nahIM / vidhyazaktikA jIva saMsAramai rUla kara bhogavarddhanapuraka rAjAke yahAM tAraka nAmaka zyAmavarNa putra huA | tAraka rAjA honepara eka prabhAvazAlI zAsaka aura vijetA siddha huaa| tArakane dvipRSTase bhI kara mAMgA, parantu dvipRSTane ise apanA apamAna samajhA / isI bAta ko lekara donoMmeM ghamAsAna yuddha huA, jisameM tArakakA apane prANoMse hAtha dhone par3e / dvipRSTane tIna khaMDa pRthvIkA svAmitva prApta kiyA / digvijaya karake unhoMne pratIpa nAmaka parvatapara zrI vAsupUjya svAmIkI bandanA kI / dvipRSTa yadyapi balavAna rAjA thA, parantu vaha indriyoMkA gulAma thA / isI liye zAstroMmeM kahA gayA hai ki vaha marakara narakakA pAtra huaa| 1-u50 18/61-77 / 5

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podanapurake anya raajaa| [1 podanapurake anya raajaa| tIrthakara vimalanAthake samaya meM gaNadhara merumaMdara aura muni saMjayaMta huye the| unake pUrvabhavake varNanameM podanapurake rAjA pUrNacandrakA ullekha hai| gajA pUrNacandrako sAketake gajA mAdityabalakI putrI hiraNyavatI byAhI gaI thii| unakA putra siMhacaMdra thaa|' pUrNacaMdrakI putrI rAmadattAkA vyAha siMhapurake rAjA siMhasenake sAtha huA thaa|' tIrthakara anaMtanAthake suprama nAmaka balabhadra aura puruSottamanArAyaNa huye the| unake pUrvabhavAntaroM podanapurake rAjA vasumenakA ullekha hai| vasumenakI mahArAnI naMdA paramapavitra aura anupama suMdarI thiiN| vasusenakA mitra malayadezakA rAjA caMDazAmana thaa| ekadA yaha usase milane aayaa| ganI naMdAke rUpalAvaNyapara vaha Asakta hogayA aura kisI upAyase use harakara vaha apane nagara legyaa| gajA vasusena virakta ho muni hogyaa|' rAjarSi bAhubalIkI hI vaMzaparaMpagameM upagaMna zreSTha gajA tRNapigala humaa| umakI paTTaganIkA nAma sarvayazAdevI thaa| unake madhu. piMgala nAmaka mundA putra thaa| ayodhyA ke sagAne cAlAkIme use duSita zarIra TahambAkara eka svayaMvarase nikalavA diyA thaa| jisa krodhako lekara vaha maga aura mahAkAla nAmakA vyaMtara humaa| isa mahAkAlane apanA ra cukAne ke liye yajJameM pazuoMko homanekI prathAkA zrIgaNeza kiyA thaa| 1-330 59.208-9 / 2 hari0 2755 / 3-Thapu0 60150-67 / 4-upu. 675223-25 /

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38] saMkSipta jaina itihAsa | podanapura ke eka anya rAjA supratiSTha the| yaha rAjA susthita aura ganI sulakSaNA ke suputra the / kAraNa pAkara yaha virakta hokara sudharmAcArya caraNa-kamaloMmeM muni hogye| harivaMzake mahApuruSa aMdhakavRSNi Adine ina supratiSTha munirAja me dharmopadeza sunakara munivrata dhAraNa kiye the / munirAja supratiSThakA zaurasena dezameM kaIbAra vihAra huA thA / Akhira vahIM gaMdhamAdana parvatapara unheM kaivalya prApta huA thA aura ve mokSapada adhikArI huye the| pAMDavo ke samaya meM podanapurakA rAjA candravarmA thA / vaha rAjA caMdradatta aura rAnI devikA kA putra thaa| rAjA drupadake eka maMtrIne usake sAtha draupadIkA vyAha karanekI bAta kahI thii| 'bhaviSyadatta kathA' meM podanapura ke eka gajAkA yuddha hastinApurake rAjA bhUpAlake sAtha huA varNita hai / isa yuddha podanapura narezako parAjita honA par3A thaa| 3 cakravartI hariNa | ta 2 nIti gahuye the| unakA janma ke nAma kI rAnI airAdevIkI kokha se huA thaa| bhogapura saMbhavataH dakSiNa bhAratakA * 1- u0 70-137.... 2-30 79 - 201... / 3 - vi0 saMdhi 13 /

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sapI hrinn| koI nagara thA / imI nagagmeM unake pahale pratinArAyaNa tArakakA manma huA thA / dakSiNa bhAratameM ikSvAkuvaMzI kSatriyoMkA gajya eka samaya rahA thA / isaliye hI yaha anumAna ThIka hai ki haripeNa cakravatIkA mambaMdha dakSiNa bhAratase thaa| hariSeNa bAlyakAlase hI dharmaruciko liye hue the| eka meja vaha apane pitA rAjA padmanAmake sAtha anannatIrtha munirAjakI vaMdanA karane gye| munirAjame unahoMne dharmopadeza sunaa| rAjA padmanAbha virakta hokara muni hogaye aura hariSaNane zrAvakake vrata liye| jaba padmanAmako kevalajJAna utpanna humA taba hI hariNa cakravartIko cakraratnakI prApti hii| hariSeNane pahale kevalI bhagavAnakI vandanA kI, pazcana SaTamvaNDa pRthvIko vijaya kiyA / ima digvijayameM unhoMne nimmandeha dakSiNa bhAratako bhI vijaya kiyA thaa| haripega dharmAtmA samrATa the ! unhoMne ekadA aSTAlikA maha vratakI pUjA kI, jisase unake pariNAma dharmarasame malika homye| unhoMne aTTAlikA pAvaTa pUrNa nandrako 'duHkhena denbA, jiname unheM mahAyAna putra hAmI na mImaMtaka parvatapara zrI nAga munAbaka nikaTa dIkSA grahaNa kaalii| muni hariSeNane khUba tara tapA aura samAdhimANa dvArA bhAyu samApta karake sarvArthasidimeM mahamindrapada paayaa|' 1-upu017-84............!

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36] saMlima jaina itihAsa / zrI rAma, lakSmaNa aura rAvaNa / bhagavAna munisuvratanAthajIke tIrthakALameM baladeva aura nArAyaNa zrI rAma aura razmaNa huye the| ve bhayodhyAke pUrva bhava / rAjA dazarathake suputra the / bAlyAvasthAse hI unakI pratibhA aura pauruSakA prakAza huA thA / yadi unakA janma aura prArammika jIvana uttara bhAratameM vyatIta huA thA, parantu unakA sambandha dakSiNa bhAratase unake usa janmase bhI pahalekA thA aura uparAta yuvAvasthAmeM jaba ve donoM bhAI vanavAmameM rahe taba unakA adhikAMza samaya dakSiNa bhAratameM hI vyatIta huA thaa| acchA, to rAma aura lakSmaNa ke jIva apane eka pUrvabhavameM dakSiNa bhAratakI subhami para keli karate the| dakSiNake malaya dezameM par3a granapura nAmakA nagara thaa| usa nagarakA prajApati nAmakA rAnA thaa| usakA eka lar3akA thA, jisakA nAma candracUla thA / candracUlakA prema rAjamaMtrI ke putra viSayase thaa| apane mAM-bApake yaha donoM ikalaute beTe the| donoM kA beDhaba gar3a pyAra hotA thaa| lAr3apyArakI isa. adhikatAne unheM samucita zikSAse zUnya rakkhA / mAM-bApake anucita moha-mamatAne unake jIvana vigAr3a diye / ve donoM durAcArI hogaye / ratnapurameM kubera nAmakA eka bar3A vyApArI rahatA thaa| usakA bar3A nAma aura bar3A kAma thaa| kuberadattA usakI kanyA thii| vaha anupama mundarI thii| yuvAvasthAko prApta hone para kuberadasane apanI usa kanyAkA byAha usI nagara meM rahanevAle eka dUsare prakhyAt seTha

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zrI rAma sakSmaNa maura raavn| [37 vaicavaNake suputra zrIdatta ke sAtha karanA nizcita kiyA / upara rAjakumAra candracUlake kAna taka kuberadatAke anupama rUpa-saundaya kI bArtA phuNcii| vaha durAcArI to thA hI-usane kuberanasAko apane bhASIna karaneke liye kamara kasa lI / rAjakumArakA yaha anyAya deva kara vaizya samudAya iNTA hokara gajadarabArameM pahuMcA aura unhoMne isa atyAcArakI zikAyata mahArAja prajApatise kii| __ mahArAja prajApati apane putrase pahale hI maprasaka the| isa samAcArako sunate hI vaha mAga-babuga hogye| unhoMne nyAvadaNDako hAyameM liyA aura kotavAlako caMdracUla tathA usake mitra vinayako prANadaNDa deneko mAjJA dI / rAjAke isa niSpakSa nyAya aura kaThora daNDakI caracA pugvAmiyoMmeM huii| buDDhe maMtrIkA putramoha jAgA / vaha nagaravAmiyoMko lekara rAjAkI sevAmeM upasthita huA / marane rAjAse prArthanA kI ki vaha apanI kaTho mAyA lauTA meM '-rAjyakA eka mAtra uttarAdhikArI caMdacUla hai, usako prANadAna diyA jAya / ' kintu rAjAne yaha kahakara una logoMkI prArthanA bhasvIkRta kara dI ki 'mApa loga mujhe nyAyamArgame cyuta karanA cAhane haiM, yaha anucita hai / ' saba cupa hogae / rAjahala gaura mo bhI mamucita ! kisakA sAhasa thA mo muMha kholtaa| isa paristhitimeM maMtrI ne apanI buddhime kAma liyaa| unhoMne donoM yuvakoMko prANadaNDa denekA bhAra mAne Upara liyaa| vaha apane putra aura rAjakumArako lekara banagiri nAmaka parvatapara ge| vahAMpara mahAvaka nAmaka munirAja virAjamAna the| tInoM hI mAgaMtukoMne una

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38] saMlita jana itihaas| sAdhu mahArAmakI vandanA kI aura dharmopadeza sunA. jisase unake mAtra zuddha hogye| unheM apane para bahuta glAni huii| apanI karanIpara vaha pachatAne lage / saMsArase unheM vairAgya huA nAzavAna jIvanameM unhoMne amaratvakA rasa paayaa| be jhaTapaTa guruke caraNoM meM mira pdd'e| guru vizeSa jJAnI the, unhoMne apane jJAna-netroMse unakA bhAvI abhyutthAna dekhA / caTase unhoMne una donoM yuvakoMko apanA ziSya banA liyaa| maMtrI yaha dekhakara bar3A prasanna humA aura apanA kAma banAkara vaha ralapura lauTa gyaa| muni hokara candracUla aura vijaya naye jIvana meM pahuMca gye| unakI kAyApalaTa hogii| mamimeM tapakara sonA vizuddha hojAtA hai ThIka vaise hI tapakI mamimeM praveza kara una donoM yuvakoMkI bhAtmAyeM bhapanI kAlimA khokara bahuta kucha zuddha hogii| kintu isa uba dazA bhI uneM eka kAmanAne apanA zikAra bnaayaa| unhoMne nidAna kiyA ki hama donoM ko kramazaH nArAyaNa aura banabhadrakA aizvaryazAlI pada prApta ho| vaha Ayuke aMtameM isa iclAko liye hue mre| marate samaya unhoMne zubha AgadhanAyeM AgIM / donoM kumAroMke jIva sanatkumAra svargame deva hue| deva paryAyake mukhabhogakara ve caye aura bhayodhyA rAma aura lakSmaNa hue| jaba rAma aura lakSmaNa yuvaka kumAra the taba bhAratapara bharddhavaravara dezake rahanevAle mlecchoMkA mAkramaNa huaa| rAma aura lkssmnn| rAjA janakane rAma aura lakSmaNakI sahAya tAse ina mlecchoMko mAra bhagAyA thaa|

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- zrI rAma kSaNa aura rAvaNa / yuddhame bace huye mleccha mapane prANa lekara viMdhyAcalakI pahAr3iyoMne jA chipe aura rahane lge| yaha arddhavaravara daza madhya eziyAse UparakA deza anumAnita hotA hai| ima dazake gajAkI adhyakSatAmeM zyAmamukha, kardamavarNa Adi mleccha bhAratameM mAye the| ina mlecchoMko mAra bhagAne meM rAma aura lakSmaNane khAsI vIrataH darzAI thii| janaka una ganakumAroMpara mohita huye aura unhoMne apanaH gajakumAriyoMkA vyAha unake mAtha kAnA nizcita kara liyaa| svayaMvara racA gayA aura usameM bhI gama aura lakSmaNane apanA dhanurkozala pragaTa kiyaa| sItAne gamake garnameM varamAlA DAlI / gamacandra ke sAtha unakA vyAha humA / anya manakumArI zramako vyAhI gii| donoM gajakumAra sAnanda kAlakSepa karane lge| gama aura lAlamaNa rAjA dazaratha baMTa ye : dazarathane vRddhA vasthAko mAyA dekhakara apanA Atmahita vanavAsa karanA cAga. vaha saMmAmme virakta huye| jyeSTha putra gamacaMdra the| unameM hI ganapada milanA thaa| bhAratakI mAtA dhyAna bhI yaha bAta munI / vaha gajA dazarathake pAsa gaI aura unheM muni - dIkSA lene se rokane lagI; parantu dazaratha mahAgajake dila35 vAgyakA gADhA raMga car3ha gayA thaa| kaikayIkI bAta unako nahIM rucii| naba kekayIne apanI bAta khii| eka daphA yuddhameM kaikayIkI vIratApara prasanna hokara dazarathane use eka vacana diyA thaa| kekayAne vahIM vacana pUrA karaneke liye dazarathase prArthanA kii| dazaratha mArya rAjatva bhAdarza the| unhoMne rAnIse kahA,

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10] saMlita jaina itihAsa 'khuzIse jo cAho maaNglo|' kI pramanna huii| usane kahA ki 'bharatako ganya dIjiye aura gamacandrako vanavAsa / ' dazaratha yaha sunakara daMga raha gye| ganIkA haTa thA aura vaha svayaM vacanabaddha the| moyIne mA~gA vaha unheM denA pdd'aa| pAntu isa ghaTanAne unheM aimA mamohana kiyA ki vaha adhika samaya prAvita na rhe| tatkAla hI ghara chor3akara muni rogye| bhagna gajA huye. gamacandra vanavAmI bane / vanavAsa rAmacandrajIke sAtha unakI patnI mItA aura unake choTe bhAI lakSmaNa bhI the| ve donoM banavAsameM dakSiNa bhAra. gamacandramoke dumba mukhameM barAbara takA prvaas| mAthI rahe / bhAnako ma' rAmacandrame atyadhika prema thaa| vaha bhAvapremame prerita hokara una vApisa lauTA lAne ke liye vanape gaye, parantu gamacandrane unakI bAta nahIM mAnI / balki banameM hI apane hAthame unakA rAjyAbhiSeka kara diyA / bharana ayodhyA lauTa mAye / gama, lakSmaNa aura sItA Age bddh'e| mAlavAka ra jAkI unhoMne sahAyatA kI aura usakA rAjya ume dilavA diyaa| mAge calakara bAlpakhilla narezako unhoMne vidhyAravIka mlecchose chudd'aayaa| vaha apane nalakU. bara nagarape jAkara rAjya karane lgaa| meccha saradAra gaidrabhUna usakA maMtrI aura sahAyaka humaa| isa prakAra eka gajyakA sTAra karake rAma-lakSmaNa bAge cale mora tAptI nadIke pAsa phuNce| vahA~ eka bajhane nArAyaNa-balabhadrake mammAnameM eka sundara nagara racA, jisakA nAma rAmapura ksA / yahA~se cale to ve vijayapura pahuMce / lakSmaNa

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zrI rAma kakSmaNa aura rAvaNa / [ 42 viyoga meM tar3aphatI vahAMkI rAjakumArI vanamAlA unheM pAkara ati prasana huii| lakSmaNake samAgamase usake prANa bce| yahAMse raghukulakA apamAna karanevAle nandyAvartake rAjAko daNDa dene ke liye rAma aura lakSmaNa ge| vaha rAjA unase parAsta hokara muni hogayA / rAmalakSmaNa vaMzadhara parvatake nikaTa vaMzasthata nagara meM pahuMce / 1 usa parvatapara rAtako bhayAnaka zabda hote the, jisake kAraNa nagara nivAsI bhayabhIta the| sAhasI bhAiyoMne usa parvatapara rAta vitAnA nizcita kiyA / ve paropakAra kI mUrti the-lokakA kalyANa karanA unheM abhISTa thA / zatako ve parvatapara vaha vahAM sAdhu yugalakI vaMdanA kii| una sAdhuoMpara eka daitya upasarga karatA thA. isI kAraNa bhayAnaka zabda hotA thA / rAma aura lakSmaNane usa daityakA upasarga naSTa kiyaa| una donoM muniganoMkI upasarga dUra hote hI kevalajJAna utpanna huA / unakA nAma kulabhUSaNa aura dezabhUSaNa thaa| badrAprAMtIya kuMthalagiri para Aja bhI ina munirAjoMkA smAraka vidyamAna hai / rAmacaMdra jI ne bhI unake smAraka svarUpa vahAM para kaI jinamaMdira banavAye the I vahAMse Age calakara rAmacandrajI daNDakAraNya meM pahuMce / usa samaya taka vaha manuSyagamya nahIM thA parantu rAmacandrajIke sAhasake sAmane kucha bhI agamya na thA / vaha usameM praveza karake eka kuTiyA banAkara rahane lge| vahIM unhoMne do cAraNa muniyoMko mAhAradAna diyA. jisakI anumodanA eka giddha pakSIne bhI kii| rAma lakSmaNake sAtha rahakara vaha zrAvakAcAra pALane lagA | rAmane isakA nAma jaTAyu skvA / daNDakabanameM mAge ghusakara rAma aura lakSmaNane kauMcabA nadI

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4) saMlita jaina itihAsa / pAra kI aura ve daNDakagirike pAsa jAkara tthhre| vahAM unhoMne nagara basAkara rahanA nizcita kara liyA thaa| isakA artha yaha hotA hai ki ve vahAM apanA upaniveza sthApita karake rahanA cAhane the / kintu vahAM eka aghaTita ghaTanA ghaTa gii| lakSmaNake hAthame dhokhemeM kharadUSaNa ke putra zambukI mRtyu hogaI / kharaduSaNane rAma-lakSmaNase yuddha ThAna diya! / gavaNakA yaha bahanoI thaa| umane usake pAsa bhI sahAyatA ke liye samAcAra bheja diye / rAma aura lakSmaNa nara-puMgava the| ve isa bhApattiko dekhakara jarA bhI bhayabhIta nahIM huye| gama yuddha ke liye udyata huye, parantu lakSmaNane unheM jAne nahIM diyaa| vaha svayaM yuddha lar3ane gaye mora kaha gaye ki yadi maiM siMhanAda karUM to merI sahAyatAko bhAiye / rAma aura lakSamaNa vIra puruSa the unakA puNya akSaya thaa| svagdaSaNakA zatru vigadhita unakI sahAyatA karane ke liye svayaM mA upasthita huaa| khAdRSaNa kA mAzA narolA laMkAkA rAjA rAvaNa thaa| rAvaNane tInakhaMDa pRthvIko jItakara apanA pauruSa pragaTa raavnn| kiyA thaa| vaha bar3A hI kara parantu pagakramI thaa| usane aneka vidyAyeM siddha kI thii| kaha gabasa nAmaka vidyApaka rAjavaMzakA pANI thaa| mamugsaMgIta nagarake rAjA mayakI putrI mandodarI rAvaNa kI paTarAnI thii| gavaNane digvijayameM dakSiNamAratake dezoMko bhI apane bhASIna banAyA thaa| rAvaNake sahAyaka hehaba, TaMka, kihikadha, tripura, malaya, hema, kola mAdi dezoMke rAjA the| rAvaNa apanI digvijaya viMdhyAcalaparvatase

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zrI rAma lakSmaNa aura rAvaNa ! [43 hotA huA narmadA taTapara AyA thA aura vahAM Dega DAle the| vaha ninendrabhakta thA . isa saMgrAmakSetra meM bhI vaha nipUjA karanA nahIM bhUlatA thaa| rAvaNane jisa sthAnapara par3Ava DAlA thA, vahAMse kucha durgapara mAhitI nagarIkA jA sahasrAhima jalayaMtro dAga mala bAMdhakara prAnI ganiyoM mAhita krIDA sahayA: akasmAt baMdhA hubhA jala TUTa gayA aura narmadAma baDhAbAda Aname gavaNakI pUjAmeM bhI vighna pdd'aa| rAvaNane sahamA yamako pakar3ane ke liye AjJaH dii| rAvaNaka yoddhA cale aura vAyuyAnoM meM yuddha karane lage, jise devoMne anyAya banAyA, kyoMka mahAzmi mRmagAcI thA, usake pAsa vAyuyAna hI the * haTAta gavaNaka yoddha! pRthvApA mAye aura sahasrAhima yuddha karane lge| mahamAmi mA vIratAma lar3A ki gavaNakI menA eka yojana pIche bhAga gii| ____ yaha dembakA gavaNa svayaM yuddha kSetrameM .yaa| usake Ane hI saMgrAmakA 11! palaTa gayaH / usane mahamrA risako jInA pakar3a liyA kintu muni zatabAhuke kahaneme gavaNane unheM chor3a diyA aura apanA mahAyaka banAnA kahA, parantu vaha muni haagye| uma digvijayameM gavaNa jahAM jahAM jAtA vahAM vahAM jinamaMdira banAnA thA, athavA unakA jIrNa kagatA thA aura mikoM ko daNDa tathA daridriyoMkI dAma dekara maMtuSTa karanA thaa| dakSiNa bhArato. pUDhI parvata zrAdi * isase spaSTa hai ki garuNa bhAganakA nivAsI nahIM thA, usakI laMkA bhAratavarSa ke bAhara kahI thI, yaha anumAnita hotaa| vizeSake liye bhagavAna pArSanAtha' nAmaka pustaka dekhiye|

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44) saMkSiA mena itihaas| sthAnopara usane jina mUrtiyAM sthApita karAI thI x isa prakAra gavaNane apanA pratApa cahuMora chiTakA rakhA thA / kharadUSaNane usako apanI mahAyatA ke liye bulaayaa| aura vaha mAyA bhii| mArga Ane huye gavaNane mItAko demvA / vaha usake rUpa-maundaryapara mugdha hogayA / dhokhA dekara vaha mItAko harakara laMkA legayA / rAma aura lakSmaNa jaba yuddhame lauTe to unhoMne mItAko nahIM pAyA / ve unake viyoga mAkula-vyAkula hogaye aura unakI talAzameM bana. bana maTakane lge| bAlI dvIpameM bAnagvaMzI vidyAdhara gajA rahate the| unake vaMzaja ___ vahAMse rAjyacyuta hokara dakSiNa bhAratameM mA rAma-rAvaNa yuddha / rahe / miSkindhApura unakI rAjadhAnI thii| taba vahAM mugrIva nAmakA rAjA gajya karatA yA / rAmacaMdrane usakI sahAyatA karake ume apanA mitra banAyA / sagrIvane mItAkA patA lagAne ke liye zAtha hI aura vaha usa kAryameM saphala huaa| rAma aura lakSmaNako patA cala gayA ki sItA gava. ke yahAM laMkA hai / lakSmaNana dakSiNa bhAratakI koTizilAko ghuTanoMtaka uThAkara apane matula balakA paricaya vidyAdhA rAnAmoM ko diyA, jisase ve rAmakA sAtha dekara rAvaNase lar3ane ke liye tatpara hogye| bhaba hanumAnajIko sItAke mamAcAra lene ke liye mejA gyaa| vaha dakSiNa bhArata mahendra parvatamAme hokara laMkA gaye the| vahAM xkara. 5-5-1 - -

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zrI rAma lakSmaNa aura raavnn| [49 pahuMcakara mItAjIse mile mora gavaNa evaM usake parijanoMko sama. jhAyA; pAntu rAvaNane eka na maanii| hanumAnajI lauTakara rAmake pAsa mAye aura saba mamAcAra kaha sunAye / imapara rAma aura lakSmaNane rAvaNapara mAkramaNa kiyA aura bhayAnaka yuddha ke uparAnta lakSmaNake hAyase rAvaNakA badha huA / mInA gamako milii| laMkAkA rAjya vibhISaNako diyA gyaa| gama, namaNa aura sItA vanavAsakA kAla vyatIta karake ayodhyA lauTa bhAye / gama gajA huye aura sAnaMda rAma aura lava-kuza / rAjya karane lge| bhagna muni hogye| ___gamane sItAko gharameM vApasa rakha liyA, ima bAtako lekara prajAjana vana hone lge| isa para rAmane sItAko vanavAsakA daMDa diyA / mInA garbhavatI thI, vanameM asahAya khar3I thI ki puNDarIkapurake vanajaMgha gajAne umakI sahAyatA kI / vaha mAtAko apane nagara liyA gayA aura dharmabhaginIkI taraha use rkkhaa| vahAM sItAka lava aura kuza nAmaka do pratApI putra huye| yuvAvasthA prApta karake yaha digvijaya karane ke liye nikale / podanapura majAke sAtha inakI mitratA hogaI aura ye usake sAtha bhaneka deza dezAMtaroMko vijaya karane meM saphala hue / mAMdhra, kegla, kaliMga mAdi dakSiNa bhArata ke dezoMko bhI inhoMne jItA thA, parantu ayodhyA taka vaha nahIM pahuMce the| nAradane gama sakSmaNakA vRtAMta donoM mAiyoMse kahA, jise sunakara ve krodhita ho unapara senA lekara car3ha gaye / pitA-putroMkA yuddha humA, kintu kSullaka siddhArthane unameM

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saMkSima jaina itihaas| paraspara maMdhi kgdii| lava kRza bhayodhyA meM phuNce| sItAkI mami parIkSA jimameM unakI sahAyatA devoMne kI / gamanaM mInAse ghara calanakI prArthanA kI, parantu unhoMne use asvIkAra kiyA aura pRthvImani AyikAke nikaTa mAvI hogii| mAdhvI mAnAkI vandanA gama lakSmaNane kii| isa prakAra dakSiNa bhAratame mama aura lakSmaNakA mamparka thA: rAjA ailaya aura usake vaMzaja / bhagavAna munisuvratanAthajIke mamayameM subataka putra dakSa nAmake rAjA huye the / yaha harivaMzI kSatriya the| unakI ganIkA nAma ilA thaa| uname gajA dakSake eleya nAmakA putra bora manohaga nAmaka putrI huI thii| putrI bhanizaya rUpavatI thii| gajA dakSa svayaM apanI putrIpara bhAsata tha! : usane dharmamaryAdAkA lora karake manogako apanI patnI banA DAlA ! isakA duSpariNAma yaha humA ki dakSaka virodhI mvayaM usake parijana hogaye / ganI isA apane patra layako saradAroM mahana le videzako cala dI anAnipUrNa / jyameM kauna hai ? durga dezame rahuM nakara unhoMne i. padananagara yamAyA aura vahAM ho ye rheN| bhAra kasA - :: nyAya vaha narmadAtaTa para aayaa| vahAM usane mAhiSmatI nagarIkA nIbAgepaNa kiyaa| vahIM usakI * upu. parva 67 va prAbara mA. 2 pR0 50-150 /

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rAjA aiseca aura usake baiNshn| [47 rAjadhAnI gI / kaI dezoMko jItakara aileyane dharmarAjya kyaa| vRddhAvasthA meM vaha apane kuNima nAmaka putrako rAjya dekara tapake liye banameM calA gyaa| zatrunoMkI saMtApa denevAle rAjA kuNimane vidarbhadezameM varadA nadIke kinAre eka kuMrinapura nAmakA nagara basAyA / kuNimake pazcAt unakA putra puloma gajA humA, jisane polAmapura nAmakA nagara basAyA / inake poloma aura camma nAmaka do putra the| pulomake muni honepara ve hI gajA huye| unhoMne kaI gajAoMko jItA thaa| donone milakara revAnadI ke kinAre indrapura bamAyA aura caramane jayantI aura vanavAsa nAmaka do nagara prathana basAya / upanta kAla meM yaha donoM nagara dakSiNa bhAgnaka itihAsameM khUba hI prasiddha huye the| rAjA cammakA putra saMjaya aura paulomakA mahIdatta huaa| unake upagamna ve hI jyAdhikArI huye : mahatane kalpapura bsaayaa| ariSTanamI aura mAmya ye do unake putra the| gajA matsyane bhadrapura aura hamninApurako mAna liyA aura vaha mila nApura pAkara gajya karane lagA thaa| zrata ayodhana nAmakA gajA hA. jo mAnAna 4 ragI ' / inhA niyamAna . . . . kamI ... ....... ...... 21 ko kamnAda . . . . . . . .ii| gajA abhicandrakA vivAda prabaMzama utpanna nI vasumatIse humA thaa| inhIMkA putra basu thA; nimana jihAlampaTanA vasa ho 'maba' bandakA artha 'zAli' na batAkara bakama' batAyA paura mahoMne

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48] saMmita jaina itihaas| hiMsAko dhyAna diyA thaa| isa prakAra dakSiNApathake eka prAcIna nagarase vedoMme hiMsaka vidhAnoMko sthAna milA thA jaise ki pahale bhI likhA jAcukA hai| rAjA vasuke putra suvamu aura vRdadhvaja vahAM na gaha sake / suvamu bhAgakara nAgapugmeM jArahA aura bRhadadhvaja mathurAmeM mA basA ! bisake vaMzameM pratApI rAjA yadu humA thaa|* kAmadeva naagkumaar| kanakapurake pAsa rAjA jagandhA the| unakI eka rAnI vizA. lanetrA thI, jisase unake eka putra zrIdhara nAmakA thaa| eka roja jagandhara gajAse kisI vaNikane Akara kahA ki saurASTradezastha girinagara ke rAjAkI pRthvIdevI nAmakI kanyA ati sundarI hai, jise baha rAnA unheM vyAhaneke liye utsuka hai / jayandhara yaha samAcAra sunakara prasanna humA aura unakA vivAha pRthvIdevIke sAtha hogyaa| kAlAntarameM rAnI pRthvIdevI ke eka mahA bhAgyazAlI aura parama rUravAna putra huA, jisakA nAma unhoMne prajAbaMdhu rakkhA / kintu usa navajAta zizuke sAtha eka adabhuta ghaTanA ghaTita huii| vaha kimI taraha rAjadhAyaka hAthoMme nikalakara nAgalogoMkI pallI meM jA phuNcaa| nAga-saradArane usa zizuko bar3e pyArase pAlA, pASA aura usa zastrAstra meM niSNAta banA diyaa| bhAratIya sAhityameM ina nAga. logoMkA varNana alaMkRta rUpameM hai| usameM inako vApiyoM aura kumoce *hari. sarga 17 saMbhavata: nijAma rAjyakA mahAdurga nAmaka sAna hamaparvana nagara hai| kahate haiM vahAMhabAroM jinamatiyAM bamodosta hai|

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rAjA aiSa aura usken| [49 rahate likhA hai tathA inheM sarpa anumAna kiyA hai| vAstava meM isakA mAva yahI hai ki ve manuSya the| vidvAnoMkA kathana hai ki bhAratabaki mAdi nivAmI bhara jAtise nAgalogoMkA samparka thaa| unakA saciha sarpa thA aura ve brAhmaNoM ko mAnyatA nahIM dete the| eka samaya ve sAre mArata hI nahIM balika madhya eziyA taka phaile narmadA taTamA unakA adhika AvAsa thaa| unameM jainadharmakA pracAra eka ati prAcInakAlame yaa| tAmila dezake zAsakAroMne dakSiNa mAranake prAcIna nivAsiyoM nAga logoMkI gaNanA kii| aitihAsika kAlameM nAgarAjAmoMkI kanyAoM ke sAtha palAzake rAmAnoM ke vivAha sambandha hue the| tAmika dezakA eka bhAga nAga logoMkI apekSA nAganAdu kahalAnA thaa| jana padma pugaNa nAgaku. mAra vicAroM kA bhI ulaba hai| gajA jayaMgharake putra hanI nAga logAM eka maradArake yahAM zikSita maura dIkSita hue the / saMbhava hai. isI kAraNa unakA apA. nAma nAgakumAra thaa| unakA mAtra avazya nAgoMmeM rahA thaa| 'viSNupugaNa' meM nau nAgagajAmomeM bhI eka nAgakumAra nAmaka the| parantu yaha maSTa nahIM ki vaha hamAre nAgakumArase maminna the / nAga loga bhAne kA mAdarya ke liye prasiddha the| mundara kanyAko 'nAga. kanyA' kahanA lokapracalita rahA hai| nAgakumAra mI apane alaukika rUpake kAraNa saya kAmadeva kahaMgaye hai|

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5.] saMlita jaina itiaas| dakSiNa bhAratakI anya rAjakanyAoMme unakA vivAha humA pragaTa hai, parantu palA dezakI gajakanyAoM ko unhoMne nahIM vyAhA thaa| zAyada isakA kAraNa yahI ho ki svayaM nAgakanyAyeM pallavoMko vyAhI gaI thii| yaha saba bAteM kucha aisI hai jo nAga logoMse nAgakumArakI dhaniSTanAko dhvanita karatI haiN| hosakatA hai ki ve nAga vaMzaja hI hoM / * ____ jo se, yuvA honepara nAgakumAra apane mAtA-pitA ke pAsa kanApura koTa mAye aura vahAM sAnaMda rahane lge| kintu unake sautele bhAI zrIdharame unakI nahIM bnii| bhAiyoMkI isa manAnako dekhakara rAjA jayaMdharane thor3e samaya ke liye nAgakumArako dara hama diyA / jyeSTha putra zrIdhara thA aura usIkA adhikAra rAjyapara thaa| nAgakumAra mathuga jApahuMcA / vahAMke rAjakumAroM-vyAla aura mahAvyALase usakI mitratA hogaI / unake mAtha nAgakumAra digvijayako gayA / aura bahutase dezoMko jInA evaM gajakanyA bhoMko vyaahaa| mahAnyAlake sAtha nAgakumAra dakSiNa bhAgna kisindhamalaya dezastha meSapurake rAjA meghavAhana anidhi hue| gajA meghavAhanakI putrIko mRdaMgavAdanameM parAsta karake nAgakumAgne use vyAhA / phira medhapurase nAgakumAra topAvalIdvIrako gye| vahAMse lauTakara vaha pAMDya deza Aye the| pAMcya narezane unI khUba mAvabhagata kI thii| *nAga logoM ke viSaya meM jAnane ke liye hamArI 'mazana pArSa. bApa' pustaka tathA 'jAyakumAra pariu' (kAraMbA)kI bhUmikA dekhiye|

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vajArecora usake vn| [51 unase vidA hokara yaha mAMtra deza phuNce| aise hI dhUmate hune parisara rAjA jayandharane unai buhA mejA aura unakA rAjyAbhiSeka kara diyaa| nAgakumAra rAjAdhirAba huve gaura nItipUrvaka mane kAmavizeSa taka rAjyazAsana kiyA / vRddhAvasthAke nikara pahuMcane para nhoMne rAjyamAra apane putra devakumAraze mauMSA gaura savaM digambara muni se tapa tapane bge| vyAsa, mahAvyAla, bhareva aura macheya nAmaka rAjakumAgeMne bhI unake sAtha munivata pApa kiyA thaa| tapakaraNa dvArA karmokA nAza karake ve pAMcoM RSikara mApada nAmaka parvatase mokSadhAma siphara the|

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saMkSipta jaina itihAsa / ( bhAga 3 khaNDa 1 ) aitihAsika kAla / (prAcIna khaNDa) dakSiNa bhAratakA itiha

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dakSiNa bhAratakA aitihaasik-kaal| (prAcIna khaNDa) mAratavarSa ke itihAsakA prArambha kabase mAnA jAya ? yaha eka aisA prazna hai ki jisakA ThIka uttara bhAratake itihAsakA mAjataka nahIM diyA jAsakA hai| vidvaapraarmbh| noMkA isa viSayapara bhinna mata hai| bhAra tIya vidvAna mArya sabhyatAkI janmasthalI bhAratabhUmi mAnane hai aura usake itihAsakA Aramma eka kalpanA. tIta samaya se karate haiN| jaina zAmba mI isI matakA pratipAdana karate haiM, kintu unake kathanameM yaha vizeSatA hai ki ve bhAratabhamikA mAdi dharma jainadharma aura prathama tIrthaMkara zrI RSabhadeva dvArA saMsthApita sabhyatAko mAdi sabhyatA pragaTa kAna hai| jaina zAmoMke isa kayanakA samarthana mAdhunika pratihAmika khojase bhI hotA hai| pro0 helmukha phaoNna kAmana mA yugapIya vidvAna jainadharmakI hI mAratakA sarva prAcIna dharma ghoSita karane haiN|' udhara mAtIya purAtatvase yaha spaSTa hai ki vaidika (brAhmaNa, bhAyoMke matirikta aura unase pahale bhAratavarSa eka sabhya aura saMskRta jAnika loga nivAsa karate the| ve loga amura, dAviDa, nAga mAdi nAmose vikhyAta the aura unameM jainadharmakA praveza eka matyaMta pAcInakAlameM hI hogayA thaa| banoMke prathama tIrthaMkara zrI RSamadeva mura, masura, nAga nAdi dvArA 1-Dor Tuinismus

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56 ] saMkSipta jaina itihAsa | pujita prAcIna jaina zAskhoMmeM kahe gaye haiN|' aura yaha hama pahale hI dekha cuke haiM ki bhArata ke Adi nivAsI asura hI vaidika nAyase prAcIna manuSya haiM jo bhAratavarSa meM rahate the| siMdhu upatyayakAkI sabhyatA unhIM logoM kI sabhyatA thI aura vahAMkI dharmaupAsanA jaina dharmase miLatI juLatI thI / kintu isa mAnyatA ke viruddha bhI eka vidvatsamudAya hai, jisameM adhikAMza bhAga yUropIya vidvAnoMkA hai| ve loga bhAratako bAyakA janmasthAna nahIM mAnane / unakA kahanA hai ki vaidika mArya bhAratameM madhya eziyA mAye aura unhoMne yahA~ ke asura dAsa bAdi mUla nivAsiyoMko parAsta karake apanA adhikAra aura saMskAra pracalita kiyA / isa ghaTanA ko ve loga Ajase lagabhaga pAMca hai hajAra varSa pahale ghaTita huA pragaTa karate haiM aura isameM bhAratIya itihAsakA prArambha karate haiM / kiMtu sindhu upatyayakAkA purAtatva bhAratIya itihAsakA Arambha ukta ghaTanAme do-cAra hajAra varSa pahale pramA . 1 - 'sura vasura garuka gahiyA, caiyarusvA jiNavaNa // 6-18 // // - mamavAyAnasUtra / " esa susugmNusiMda, baMdidaM cAMdavAikammama / paNamAmi dANaM, tityaM dhammassa kasA // 1 // " pravacanasAra / karmAntaka mahAvara siddhArthakulasaMbhavaH / pate susugaigheNa pUjitAn // 1 // dezaH gurupUjA | 20 pR0 4-25. --

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dakSiNa bhAratakA aitihAsika kALa / [ 57 Nita karatA hai| hAM, vaha avazya hai ki usa samayakA ThIka hAla hameM kucha bhI jJAta nahIM hai| usako DhUMDha nikAlane ke liye samaya aura zakti apekSita hai| kiMtu yaha spaSTa hai ki bhAratIya itihAsakA jo mAdikAla yorupIya vidvAna mAnate haiM vaha ThIka nahIM hai| yaha to huI samUce bhAratake itihAsakI bAta; parantu hamArA mambandha yahAM para dakSiNa bhArata ke itihAsa se dakSiNa bhAratakA hai / hame jAnanA hai ki dakSiNa bhAratakA itihAsa | itihAsa kaba Arambha hotA hai, aura usameM jainadharmakA praveza kaba se huA ? yaha to pragaTa hI hai ki dakSiNa bhArata samUce bhAratame prathaka nahIM thA aura hama dRSTimejabAna uttara bhArata ke itihAsa se sambaddha hai vahI bAta dakSiNa bhArata ke itihAsa kA honA cAhiye yaha kathana ThIka hai aura vidvAna yaha pragaTa bhI karate haiM ki eka samaya mA mAgnameM ve hI dAvir3a loga miLate the jo uparAMta dakSiNa bhArata meM hI zeSa rahe kiMtu dakSiNa bhAratakI apanI vizeSatA bhI bhASa gNataH / vaha uttara bhAgname apanA prathak astitva bhI rakhatA hai aura vahAM ho bAja prAcIna bhAgnake darzana hote haiN| maisUrake candradallI 1 - 0630, pRSTa 23 - "Step by step the Dravidians receded from Northern India, though they never left it altogather." 2-"India, south of the Vindhyas - the Peni* asular India-still continues to be India proper. Here the bulk of the people continue distinctly

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58] saMkti mena itihaas| nAmaka sthAname mohana modaDo jaisI aura utanI prAcIna sAmagrI upalabdha huI / basa, jaba hama usake svataMtrarUpaye darzana karate hai aura usake itihAsakA prArambhika kAla TaTolate haiM to vahAM bhI dhuMdhalA prakAza hI milatA hai| vidvAnoMkA to kathana hai ki dakSiNa bhArata ke itihAsakA yathArtha varNana durlabha hai| sara vinsenTa smithane likhA thA ki 'dRravartI dakSiNa bhArata ke prAcIna rAjya yadyapi dhanajana sampanna bhaura drAvir3a jAtika logoMse paripUrNa the, parantu ve itane apragaTa the ki zeSa duniyAM ko svayaM uttara bhAratake logoMko unake viSayameM kucha bhI jJAna na thaa| bhAratIya lekhakoMne unakA itihAsa bhI surakSita nahIM kiyaa| pariNAmataH bhAja vahAMkA IsvI mAThavIM zanAndise pahale kA itihAsa upalabdha nahIM hai|'' elphinsaTana sA0 to retain their pro-Aryan features ; their preAryan languges, their pre-Aryan institutions." -Pillai's Tamil Antiquities. jainazAstra meM bhI kahA gayA thA ki isa kAla meM dakSiNabharatameM ho jainadharma jIvita rhegaa| kyA yA usake prAcIna rUpakA yAtaka hai? 9-"The ancient kingdoms of the far south, although riob and populous, inhabited by Draridian nations......were ordinarily 80 secluded from the rost of the civilisod world, including northern India, that their affaire romained hidden from the eyes of other nations and native annalists being looking, their history provious to the year 800 of tho ohristian ora, has almost wbolly perished....... -EEL p. 7.

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dakSiNa bhAratakA aitihAsika kaal| [59 ne para likhA thA ki prAcInakAlameM dakSiNa bhAratakI rAjanaitika ghaTanAoM kA sambandhita vivaraNa likhA hI nahIM jAsakatA / mAja bhI yaha kathana eka hadasaka ThIka hai| pAntu isa daramiyAnameM jo aitihAsika khoja aura anveSaNa huye haiM, unake AdhAmme dakSiNa bhAratakA eka kramabaddha aitihAsika vivaraNa IsvI pragammika zatAbdiyoMse likhA jA sakatA hai| kiMtu vaha samaya dakSiNa bhAgnake itihAsakA mAmma-kAla nahIM kahA jA sapanA / male hI IvI pUrva zatAbdiyoMke dakSiNa bhAratakA kramabaddha vivaraNa na mile, parantu usakI samyatA aura saMskRtike astitva naura abhyutthAnakA patA bahuta mamaya pahale taka calatA hai| midhu upatyakAkA pumatatva aura vahAMkI mabhyatA drAvir3a mabhyasAme milatI junnI zrI candrAlIkA paganatva isakA pakSI hai| sumeru jAtIya logoMme bhI drAvir3oMka! mAzya thA / mora yaha mumeru loga siMdhusuvarNa athavA miMdhu suvIra dezake mUla adhivAsI the / su-gaSTra yA saugaSTame hI jAkara ve memopATamiyA bhAdi dezama basa gaye the| gujagata ke mainI vaNika isa mu-varNa nAnika hI vaMzaja manumAna kiye jAne haiN| siMdhu, sumeru aura dAvir3a-ina nInoM jAniyoM kI sabhyatA aura saMskRtikA sAdRzya unheM sama-sAmAyika siddha karatA hai| isaliya drAvir3a deza arthAt dakSiNa bhAratakA itihAsa utanA hI pAcIna hai jitanA ki sumeru jAtikA hai, balki saMbhava to yaha 1-Ibid. 2-moda0 mA. 1 pR. 109 / 3-vimA. mA. 185 pR. 131 /

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saMcita na itihaas| hai ki vaha uname bhI pAcIna ho kyoMki sumeru logoMne bhAratase jAkara mesopoTemiyAmeM upanivezakI nIva DAlI thii| mahAgaSTra, nijAma haidarAbAda aura madrAsa prAnta aise prAcIna sthAna miLata haiM jo praga aitihAsika kAla ke anumAna kiye gaye haiM aura vahAMpara eka manyaMta prAcIna samayake zilAlekha bhI upalabdha huye hai| yaha hama bAta ke sabUta haiM ki dakSiNa bhAratakA itihAsa IsvI prArammika zanAniyoMme bahuta pahale Arambha hotA hai| upara prAcIna sAhitya bhI isI bAnakA samarthaka hai| tAmiLa mAhityake prAcIna kAvya * maNimekhale' aura ' mInappadikAram ' meM evaM prAcIna vyAkaraNa zAla yonappakiyam ' meM dakSiNa bhAratake khUba hI unnata aura samRddhizAlI rUpameM darzana hone haiM aura yaha samaya IsAse bahuta pahale kA thA / ataH dakSiNa bhArata ke itihAsako uttara mAta jitanA prAcIna mAnanA hI TIka hai ! aba jaga yaha dekhiye ki dakSiNa bhAratameM jainadharma kA praveza karamA ? isa viSaya meM jainiyoMkA daciNa bhAratameM jo mata hai vaha pahale hI likhA jAnukA jainadharmakA prvesh| hai| unakA kathana hai ki bhagavAna RSa. bhadevake samayameM ho jainadharma dakSiNa bhAratameM pahuMca gayA thaa| upara hinda purANoM kI makSI ASArase hama yaha dekha hI cuke haiM ki devAsura saMgrAmake samaya arthAt usa prAcIna kAlameM jaba bhArata ma nivAmiyoM meM brAhmaNa Arya mAnI vaidika sabhyatAkA pracAra kara rahe the, jainadharmakA kendra dakSiNa pathake narmadA

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dakSiNa bhAratatra aitihAsika kaal| [11 vaTapara maujUda thaa| jaina mAnyatA bhI isake anukUla hai| usameM narmadA taTako eka tIrtha mAnA hai maura vahAMme aneka jaina mahApuru poMko mukta humA pragaTa kiyA hai| vaime bhI hiMda purANoM meM varNaname narmadA naTakI sabhyatA atyaMta pAcIna pramANita honI hai yadyapi abhI. taka vahAMkI jo khudAI huI hai umameM mauryakAla meM prAcIna koI vastu nahIM milI hai| hosaktA hai ki narmadA tarakA vaha kendrIya sthAna mamI apragaTa hI hai ki jahAM usakI prAcInatAkI ghotaka apUrva sAmagrI bhUgarbha meM surakSita ho| mAgaMza yaha ki jaina hai nahIM balika prAcIna bhAratIya mAnya. tAnusAra jainadharma kA praveza dakSiNabhAratame eka matyanta prAcInakAlame pramANita hAtA haiparantu mAdhunika vidvajana mauryakAla meM hI jaina dharmakA praveza dakSiNamAgnameM humA prasTa karane haiN| ve kahate haiM ki samrATa candragupta maurya guru zrunAvalI bhadrabAhuna jaba uttarabhAratameM bArahavarSakA akAla hotA jAnA to ve maMgha sahita dakSiNamAgnako cale. mAye aura unhoMne hI yahAM kI janatAko jainadharmame sarva prathama dIkSita kiyaa| isake viparIta koI koI vidvAna jainadharmakA praveza dakSiNabhAratameM isameM kiMcit pahale. pragaTa karate haiN| unakA kahanA hai ki jaba laMkA jainadharma isa ghaTanA meM pahale athAMna imbIpUrva pAMcavI zatAni hI pahuMcA huA milanA hai to koI vajaha nahIM kiba 1-navagraha pariSTa nivAraka vidhAna pR041| 2-'sarakhatI' bhAga 38 ka 1 pRSTha 18-19 / 3-mariI. pR. 154, I, pR. 165, li, pR. 18 //

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saMkSita jaina itihaas| umakA astitva dakSiNamAratameM na mAnA jaave|' AndhradezameM jaina dharma pAr3a mauryakAla meM pracalima isA pamaTa kiyA hI jAtA hai|' kintu hamAre vicAmme jainadharmakA praveza hama kAlame bhI bahuta pahale dakSiNa mAgnameM hocukA thaa| uparokta makSika anirikta prAcIna jaina aura mAmila sAhitya tathA purAtatva isa viSayameM hamAga samarthana karane haiN| pahale hI bhaina sAhityako lIjiye : umameM bagavara zrI RSabhadevake mamayame dakSiNabhAratakA ullamba milanA hai, jaise ki paurANika kAla ke varNanameM limvA jAcukA hai| aura Ageka pRSTomeM aura bhI likhA jaaygaa| sacamuca jainoMko lakSa karake jaina graMthoMme dakSiNabhAgnake pallavadeza, dakSiNama. 1-"If this information (of the 'Mahavamsa') could be relied upon, it would mean that Jainism was introduced in the island of Ceylon, so carly as the fifth century B. C. It is impossible to conceive that a purely North Indian religion could have gone to the isla:df Ceylon without leaving its mark in the extreme south of India, unless like Buddhism it went by sea from the north. "-Studies in South Indian Jainism, -Pt. I p. 33. 2-Jainism in the Andhra desh, at least, " was probably pre-Mauryan......" -Ibid., Pt. II. p. 2. 3-1* pR0 6.9 /

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ramina mAratakA aitihAsika kaal| [. thuga, polAsapura,' mahile. mahAmokanaga! ityAdi sthAnoMca bAcIna varNana milanA hai| dakSiNamathurAko svayaM pANDavoMne basAyA thaa| pallabadezameM bhagavAna mariSTanemikA vihAra huA thA, jaise ki hama mAge dekheNge| ve aise ullekha hai jo dakSiNamAratameM jainadharmake mastitvako bhadabAhu mAmIse bahuta pahalekA pramANita karate haiN| yahI bAta sAmila mAhityame siddha honI hai| mAmila mAhi. tyameM mukhya grantha " maMgama-kAla " ke haiM, jisakI nithika viSayameM mitra mata haiN| mAgnIya paMDila usa kAlako ImbIname hajAroM varSoM pahale lejAne hai kintu mAdhunika vidvAn Thame ImsImana meM cAra-pAMco varSa pahale IbI prathama zatAbditaka anumAna kAna hai| yaha jo bhI ho, para inanA to spaSTa kI hai ki 'saMgamakAla' ke graMtha prAcIna aura pramANika haiN| inameM nolkApiyama' nAmaka grantha sarva prAcIna hai| isakA racanAkAla ImvIpUrva cauthI zatAdi banAyA jAtA hai aura yaha bhI kahA jAtA hai ki yaha eka jena racanA hai| isakA spaSTa barSa yahI hai ki jainadharmakA pracAra tAmiladezameM mauryazAma pahale hocakA paa| tAmilake prasiddha kAvya maNimesle' aura * mIlappatikArama' haiM aura yaha kramazaH eka bauddha aura jaina lekhasakI |cnaayeN hai| inameM anadharmakA khAsa varNana milatA hai| bauddhakAvya maNimekhale se 1-jAtRdharma kathAMga sUtra pR0 680 va pu. pR0 487 / 2-tagaDadazAMga sUtra pRSTa 22 / 3-jantagaradazAMga sapR0 11 / 4-magavatI pRSTha 1998 / 5-busa. ( Budhistic Studies ) pRSTha 671 / 6-gulTa0, pR. 674 ko basAImA0 1.89

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61] saMmizana itihaas| spaSTa hai ki usake samaya jainadharma vAmila dezameM gaharI jar3a pakar3e huve thaa| vahAM jainiyoM ke vihAroM aura maThoMkA varNana padapadapara milatA hai| janatA bhaina mAnyatAoMkA ghara kara jAnA usakI bahu prAcInatAkI danaka hai|' mInappadikAram' bhI isI matakA poSaka hai|' upalabdha pugatatva bhI hamAre isa matakI puSTi karatA hai ki jainadharma dakSiNa bhAratameM eka atyaMta prAcInakAlameM pahuMca gayA thaa| jaina grantha karaDu carita' meM jina tegapura ghAgaziva Adi sthAnokI jaina guphAoM aura mUrtiyoM kA varNana hai, ve Aja bhI apane prAcIna rUpameM milatI haiN| unakI sthApanAkA samaya ma0 pArzvanAtha (I0 pR0 8 vIM zatAbdi ) kA nikaTavartI hai| isaliye una guphAmoM aura mUrtiyoMkA mastitva dakSiNa bhAratameM jainadharmakA mastitva tatkAlIna siddha karatA hai| isake atirikta maduga aura rAmanada jiloMmeM brAhmI lipika prAcIna zilAlekha milate haiN| inakA samaya IsvI pUrva tIsarI zatAdi anumAna kiyA gayA hai| inake pAsa hI jaina maMdiroM ke avazeSa gaura tIrthakaroMkI khaMDita mUrtiyAM milI haiN| isI liye evaM inameM maMkita zabdoMke bhASArase vidvAnoM ne inheM jainoMkA pragaTa kiyA hai|' isake mAne yaha hote haiM ki uma samayameM jainadharma vahAMpara acchI taraha pracalita hogayA thaa| magaramale ( maduga) eka prAcIna jaina 1-gusTa, pR. 30 681 / 2-mAI0, pR. 93-64 / 3-amerikA, bhA. 16 10 saM0 1-2 mora karakaNDa carepa (kAraMbA) bhUmikA / 4-sAI., mA0 1 pR. 33-34 /

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dakSiNa bhAratakA aitihAsika kaal| 65 sthAna thA aura vahAM I. pUrva tIsarI zatArika lekha par3he gaye haiN|' ina ullekhoMme bhI dakSiNa bhAratameM jainadharmakI prAcInatAkA samarthana hotA hai| nimmandeha yadi dakSiNa bhAratameM jaina dharmakA astitva eka ati prAcIna kAla se na hogA to mauryakAla meM zrutakevalI bhadavAha jaina saMghako lekara vaha nAnA himmata na krte| hAlape praoN0 pANanAthana kAThiyAvAdame mile huye eka prAcIna tapatrako par3hA hai| isakI lipi gamana, siMdhu, sumera Adi lipi. yokA mizraNa hai| praoN0 mA0 ima bolanaka gajA ne bumdane para prathama (I0 pUrva 1140) mayanA dvitIya (I0 pUrva 600)kA batAne haiM 2 uma nAmra* hone nimnapAra prATa kiyA hai: bAnagA yA 3 ma, mu.... jAtikA deva, mevaza 1-jamAma'* . 27 pRSTa 123-1.4 / / 2-"])r. l'rau Nach, Professor at the Hindu University, Benares, bous licen icble to decipher the corner rate urint of Emperor chucharimezer I (circil 1140 B. C. ) or II (circa 600 B. C.) of Baision. fill recently in Kathiawar. The inscription is of great historical value, and it shows it preculiar mistire of the characters liseid lip the liomalls, The Sintha valley people and the Semiles. It may yo a long way in provine ihe ill.iijiti of ille Jains religion, since the 1 0 of Verlei appears in the inscription." -The Times of India, 19th March 1935, p. 9.

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..m..morron mmmmmmm~ maMtima bhana itihaas| darajA bhAyA hai| vaha yadgaja (kRSNa) ke stha na ( dvArikA) mAyA hai| usane maMdira banavAyA. sUrya ........ nemi ki jo svarga mamAna ranavana deva hai ( unakA ) laye aMga kiyaa|" jaina " bhAga :., aka 1 pRSTha 2 / dama giranAra bana) banA devA meM nami' kA kaleva hamA hai aura yaha pragaTa / hai / na kA minAtha giranAra (vana parvatame nirvANa mivara the| vaha gvana pavana deva haiM / mAtha ho anyatra yaha anumAna kiyA gayA hai ki jAtaka jenI vaNika 'mu jAtika' mata: ya na prayomA pAnI nA middha kotI hai / pasnu imameM gvAma bAnamA vipakSa yaha hai ki neza daneja ko ravA nagA va mI kahA hai ! isa panana hotA hai ki usakA 15 / bhAratameM na thA, varivaH naga kSaNa bhAratameM bhavati hAmatA hai| prAcIna prArata * nigaTa' meM bhAratako dakSiNa meM saTA hai / homanA hai vinagara vahI ra ha isameM yaha namrapatra dakSiNa pathama manadharma va mana pa na kAla meM pragaTa karatA hai| upazAma ko meM ye pahananA an. cirahI hai ki dakSA nAgane manaaitihAmika kAla / 'na:* na mAnIna __ pAbha hotA hai| usake pAga. Ni kAlakA varNana pRSTa meM likhA jAcudhA hai| bhavana nihAsika 4-vabhA. mA0 18 : 631 / /

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dakSiNa bhAratakA aitihAsika kALa / [ 67 kAlake varNana meM usakA prAcIna itihAsa likhanA abhISTa hai| ise hama bhagavAn mariSTanebhike varNanase prArambha kareMge aura bha0 mahAvIrake uparAMta usake do bhAga kara deMge, kyoMki sudUra dakSiNa bhAratakI aitihAsika ghaTanAyeM vindhyAcala ke dakSiNamtha nikaTavartI bhAratame bhinna rahI haiN| pahale dakSiNapatha kA aitihAsika varNana nimnalikhita chaH kAloMmeM vibhakta hotA hai * (1) AndhrakAla - ImbI pAMcavIM zatAbdi taka | (2) prArambhika cAlukya- (IvI evaM rASTrakUTa kAla ( bI 13 va zataka (3) antima cAlukya kAla - (10 me 14 za0 ) (4) vijayanagara sAmrAjya kAla / (5) musalamAna marAThA kAla / (6) aura briTiza rAjya : zatAbdi) isake anusAra sudUravartI dakSiNa bhAratake nimnalikhita hai kAla hone haiM : - (1) prArambhika kAla - IsvI pAMcavIM zatAbdi taka | (2) pallava kAla - ImbI va 9 vIM zatAbdi taka | (3) cIla prAdhAnya kAla I0 va 14vIM zataka | (4) vijayanagara sAmrAjya kAla - I0 me 16 14 vIM zatAbdi taka | zatAbdi taka | (5) musalamAna-marAThA kAla - I0 16 va 18 vIM

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saMkSita jaina itihaas| (6) briTiza rAjya-(upagaMta) prastuta prAcIna khaNDa ' meM hama donoM bhAgoMke pahale kAloM takakA inihAsa likhanekA prayatna nimna pRSThoMmeM kreNge| avazeSa kAloMkA varNana Age khaNDoMmeM prastuta karane kA prayatna kiyA jaaygaa| AzA hai, jaina sAhitya saMgAra ke liye hamAga yaha udyoga upayogI middha hogaa| aarNbhik-itihaas| bhagavAn ariSTanemi, kRSNa aura pANDava / uttara bhArata ke kSatriya vaMzoMmeM harivaMza mukhya thA / isa vaMzake rAjAoM rAjya mathugameM thA. yadyapi yAdava vNsh| inake bhAdi puruSa magadhakI ora rAjya karane the / harikSetrakA Arya nAmaka eka vidA para apanI vidyAdharI mAtha akAzama ga dvArA campAnagAmeM pahuMcA thaa| usa samaya camAnagara apane rAjAko khone ke kAraNa anAtha ho rahA thA / vidya dhara mArya cApAkA rAjA bana baiThaH / usakA putra hari humA, jo bar3A parAkramI thaa| usane apane rAjyakA khuba vistAra kiyaa| usIke nAmakI apekSA usakA vaMza * hari' nAmase prasiddha humA / yadyapi yaha rAja loga videzI vidyAdhara the; parantu phira bhI unako zastrakAroMne kSatriya saMbhavataH isaliye likhA hai ki vidyAdharoMke bhAdi rAjA nami-vinami bhAratase gaye huye patriya putra the|

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bhagavAn ariSTanemi, kRSNa aura paannddv| [69 dhIre-dhIre isa vaMzake rAjAoMne apanA madhikAra magadha para jamA liyA aura vahA~ isa vaMzameM gajA sumitrake suputra tIrthakara munisuvratanAtha janme the / munisuvratanAtha svaputra suvratako rAjya dekara dharmacakravartI huye the / suvratake uparAMta isa vaMzameM aneka rAjA huye aura ve nAnA dezoMmeM phaila gaye / unameM rAjA vasukA putra bRhadadhvaja mathura meM Akara manyAdhikArI humA aura usakI santAna vahAM sAnaMda rAjya karanI rhii| nIrthakkara namike nIrtha mathurA ke hagvizI rAjAmoMmeM yadu nAmakA eka tejasvI rAnA huaa| yaha gajA inanA prabhAvazAlI thA ki bhAge harivaMza isI nAmakI apekSA yAdava vaMza ' ke nAmame prasiddha hogyaa| rAjA yuduke do pAne zUra maura muvIra usIkI taraha parAkramI huye / suvIra mathumakA gajA : A aura zUgne kuzavadezameM zauryapura basAkara vahAM apanA gajya sthApita kiyA / aMdhakavRSNi mAdi inake bhaneka putra the| suvIra ke putra bhojakakRSNa bhAdi the / suvIrane mathugakA gajaya unako diyA aura svayaM siMdhudezameM movIpura basAkara vahAMkA gajA hubhA / aMdhakavRSNike daza putra the, arthAt samudravijaya, akSayomaya, stimita, sagara, himavana, macala, dharaNa, puraNa, mabhicandra mora vAsudeva / inakI do barine kunnI mora mAnI bI, jo pANDu aura damaghoSako bAhI gaI thii| kRSNa vAsudeva jora devI ke putra ke baDhI usa samaya mAdavoMmeM pamumba rAjA the| gaNDagaja hastinApura rAjya karate the, aura unakI santAna pANDava nAmase prasiddha thii| kRSmake mAI balamada the|

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saMkSipta jaina itihAsa | zauryapura meM rAjA samudravijaya rahate the| unakI rAnIkA nAma zivAdevI thaa| unhoMne kArtika kRSNa tIrthaGkara ariSTanemi / dvAdazIko antima rAtrimeM sundara sonaha svapna dekheM; jinake artha sunane se unako vidita huA ki unake bAvIsaveM tIrthaGkara janma leMge / dampati maha jAnakara atyanta harSita huye / Akhira zrAvaNa zuklA paMcamIko zubha muhUrtameM satI zivAdevIne eka suMdara aura pratApI putra prabhava kiyaa| devoM aura manuSyoMne usake sanmAna meM Anandotsava mnaayaa| unakA nAma ariSTanemi khakhA gyaa| ariSTanemi yuvAvasthAko pahu~cane pahuMcate eka anupama va pramANita huye / magadhake rAjA jarAsiMdhuse yAdavo kI hamezA lar3AI banI rahatI thI / ariSTanemine apane bhuja vikramakA paricaya ina saMgrAmoMmeM diyA thA / tsu J jarAsiMdhu Aye dina hote huye akramaNoM taMma bhAkara yAdavoMne nizcaya kiyA ki ve apane cacere bhAI subArakI nAI surASTrameM jA rame / unhoMne kiyA bhI aisA ho| saba yAdavagaNa khumbUko cale gaye gaye aura vahAM samudrataTapara dvArikA basAkara rAjya karane lage / isa prasaMga su- rASTrake viSaya meM kiMcit likhanA anupayukta nahIM hai| mAlUma aisA hotA hai ki su- rASTrakA paricaya / yAdavakA sambandha su-jAtike logoM thA; jinheM su-mera kahA jAtA hai baura jo madhya aiziyA meM phaile huye the / kintu mUlameM ve bhAratavarSake hI

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bhagavAna ariSTanemi. kRSNa aura pANDava / [71 nivAsI 2; yahI kAraNa hai ki unake nivAsa kI mUla bhUmi kAThi. yAvAr3a * suvarNA * azvA / -raSTa' nAmame vikhyAta thii| 'mahAbhArata' meM sindhu-muNaH-radeza' aura jAtikA ullekha hai| 'mu-vaNAM' kA artha '' jAta hotA hai| jaina zAsaka mindhu-mauvI dezakA lepa huA milatA hai| movI daza apanI pramugva nagara movA puraka kAraNa hI prakhyAtimeM AyA pratIta hotA hai jise yAdavaganA mucIne sthApita kiyA thA ! subaka artha jAnikA kA hotA hai| inake pahale aura uparAnta kAya iA va 'mu.' ma jana zAmeiM bhI huA hai|' i. nuvA lagA maataa+| mAya siMdhu upatyayakAkI mAyanAma thA : __ bhAnIya mata hai ki pu-jAnIya (Sumerivn ) HAIkA vima in HimeM huA thaa| -jAnika loga murASTra meM hI nakA mA nayAce bama the| jaina zAstrAme hameM paka prasaMga maranA hai meM kahA gayA hai ki kaccha-mahAnchake 1-fas.! ..." mA0 98 a Ta 626meM prakAzita "sume . . ma bha ' zIrSaka lemva dekhanA cAhiye / 2-bhagamanaM mutra pR0 1866 (siMdhunamu maNavaramu ) hari03-3-7; 11-68 ityaadi| 3-Lorel Tristanemi, p. :37. 4-60 11-64-76 : 49-14; pAka0 1-1..; nAca.1-15-7; kc03-5-6| 5-"vizAlabhArata" bhA. 185

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72] maMkSipta jaina itihAsa / putra nami-vinabhiko nAgagaja dharaNendra mAne sAtha legayA thA aura una vidyAdhargakA gajA banAyA thaa| unhIMkI mannAna vidyAdhara nAmame madhya eziyA AdimeM phaila gaye the| yAdavoMke pUrva puruSa bhI vidyAdhA the| uparyulimvita vidyAdhargake pUrvaja nami - vinami kaccha mahAkaccha athavA mumacchara putra the. jisakA artha yaha hotA hai ki unakA bhAnAma bhI sugama ( kAThiyAvAr3a ) thaa| unake pitA kaccha mahAkaccha dezake pramugva nivAsI hone ke kAraNa usa na:mame prasiddha huye pratIta hone haiN| aura kara, mada , athavA mukaccha deza bhAjakala ke kaccha dezake gama mIta siMca navarNa mAdi hI honA cAhiye / hamame bhI yahI banina hotA hai ke mujAnika loga madhya aiziyA mAdi dezoMmeM jAI the / name athavA mujAtika gajAoka nAma bhI prAya: vahI milana hai jo ki bhArata ke sUryabaMzI gajAoMke haiN| sumera rAjAoM kI kizavaMzAvalIme i. vAku, vikukSi ( jinake mAI nimi the ), puraMjaya. mAnetu ( nakSa ), magara, bu. dazAya aura rAmacaMdra ke nAma milane haiN| 1-bApu. maga 1814091-52 va . mI . 127-13. / 2-'tu..' nAma kyA unheM 'suja tama ta nahIM pragaSTa tA ! utta'puNa' (66 67) meM eka 'sukaccha' nAmaka dezakA spaSTa ulekha hai| dezake nivamI mu.jAtIya hone ke kAraNa mahAkaccha sukaTa nAmale prasiddha hue pratIta hote hai|

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bhagavAna ariSTanemi, kRSNa aura paannddr| [71 yadi RSabhadevako rakSAku mAnA jAya jiname nami vinamine rAjyakI yAcanA kI thI, to kisa vaMzake vikukSi aura unake bhAI nimi jaina zAmrake nami vinami athA sujhacchake putra vikaccha ho udhara vaicIlanake rAjAne vazadanejara apane ko 'mujAtikA deva (-nampati) aura revA nagarake gajyakA svAmI likhanA hI hai, jise hama dakSiNa bhAratameM anumAna kara cuke haiN| yaha gajA apane dAna. patrameM yadugaja (kRSNa) ko gajadhAnI dvArikAmeM AnekA vizeSa ullaMba karanA hai aura vana parvaname nirvANa pAye hue bha0 nemike sammAnameM eka maMdira banavAkara unheM arpaNa karanemeM gaurava anubhava karanA hai| isameM spaSTa hai ki yadugaja prati usake hRdaya sammAna hI nahIM balki prana thaa| usakA kathana mA hI bhAsatA hai jaise ki koI nayA bhAdamI apane pUrvajoMkI janmabhUmizra pahuMcakara harSAgAra pragaTa karanA se| yAdavoMkA mathuga chor3akara mugaSTameM AnA bhI unako munAtime sambaMdhita pragaTa karatA hai| kyoMki Apattike mamaya mAne hI logoM kI mada mAdI / madhumeM jagamithuna duHsvI yAdava sugaSTrameM Aye, isakA artha yahI hai ki ako sugaSTavAmiyoMpara vizvAsa thA-ve unake bhAgA bhagavA ! unake eka pUrva hI muvIra nAmase prasiddha huye hI the aura upara mujAtika nRpa yadugajake prati prema aura vinaya pragaTa karate haiN|

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71] saMlisa mena itihAsa isa saba varNaname yaha spaSTa hai ki yAdavoMkA surASTravAsiyoMme vizeSa samandha thA aura madhya eziyAke mu mere rAjA bhI unhIM ke sajAtIya the / jaina zAmroMme kahA gayA hai ki kRSNakA rAjya vaitAnya parvatase samudra paryanta vistRta thaa| yaha vaitADhya parvata hI vidyAgharoMkA bhAvAsa aura nAmivinAmika gajyAvikAmeM thaa| imameM spaSTa hai ki kRSNake sAmrAjyameM madhya-aiziyA bhI garbhita thaa| prAcIna bhAratakA AkAra utanA saMkucita nahIM thA, jaisA ki vaha bhAja hai / umameM madhya aiziyA mAdi deza mammilita the| mindhu aura mumera sabhyatAmoMke varNanase aisA hI pratIta hotA hai ki eka samaya madhyaaiziya! taka eka hI jAtike logoM kA bhAvAsa pravAsa thaa| pUrvAllikhita dAnapatrameM sumeranara navazadana jA apaneko revA. nagarakA svAmI likhatA hai jo dakSiNa bhAratameM bA (narmadA ) baTapara honA cAhiye / isame pragaTa hai ki narmadAme lekara memopoTemiyA taka usakA gala vitRna thaa| eka gajma hone ke kAraNa vahAMka logoM meM para vyApArika byakatA aura bhAdAna-pradAna hotA thA / yahI kAraNa hai ki bhAratIya sabhyatA jaisA hI mabhvanA aura sike evaM velIpa madhya eziyA ke logoM meM bhI taba pracalita thii| ___eka viddhAnakA kathana hai ki ina su-jAti ke logoMke dharmase mainadharma utpanna humA aura gujarAta tathA surASTra ke mena vaNika inI 1-mAtRdharmakathAsUtra (haidarAbAda ) pR. 229 va hari0 pRSTha 481-482 / 2-"sarasvatI" bhAga 38 aMka 1 pRSTha 23-24 /

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bhagavAn ariSTanemi, kRSNa aura pANDava / [75 logoMke vaMzaja haiN| ni:pandeha yaha kathana su-varNa aura satyazako liye huye hai| kyoMki isakA jaindhrm| artha yahI ho sakatA hai ki su-rASTravAsI nami vinamina bhagavAna RSabhakA dharmagrahaNa karake usakA pracAra apane vidyAthA jAnika logoM meM kiyA tha', jo upAnna maya simA bahutAyatame mirane the / madhya eziyAkI jAtiyoMmeM janadharmakA mahAva thA / yaha hama anyatra pragaTa kara cu haiN| upara yaha pragaTa hai ki janadharmakA kendra rahA hai| prathama nIthA RSabhadeva putraka adhikAme minyu suvAra aura mAthe / manameM ve muna hogaye the aura una dharma pracAra kiyA thaa| unake pazcAta mI sugae jainadharma AstikA varNana zAmromeM milatA hai / svayaM eka nAyara ne suprane pamyA aura dharmapracAra kiyA thA : imame mAda aura kAM nivAmiyoM meM jainadharmakI mAnyatA hai / DaoN. no hama mu-gaSTameM Akara yAdavagaNa bama gye| dvArikA unI gajadhAnI huI zrI kRSNa unake ma. ariSTanemikA gnaa| nIGkaH ariSTanemi kRSNake vivaah| cacI bhAI the| unhoMne gajakumArI gajulake gAva ariSTanemikA vivAda kA 1-"vazAla bhAra" mA0 18 aMka 5 pRSTa 631 / 2"bhagavAna pArzvanAtha" pR0 140-178 / 3-hari0 sarga 13 zlAka. 64-76 / 4-harivaMzapurANa, uttarapurANa bAdi graMtha dekho|

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76 ] saMkSipta jaina itihAsa / denA nizcita kiyA / ariSTanemi dahA bane-ba.rAtake bAjA baje aura bajA nizAna ur3e / parantu ariSTanemikA vivAha nahIM huaa| unhoMne kinhIM pazuoMko bhRmbapyAsase chaTapaTAne huye bAr3ameM banda demvA / isa varuNa dRzyane unake hRdayako gaharI coTa pahuMcAI / unakA komala hRdaya ina adayAko sahana na kara sakA / pazuoMko unhoMna bandhana mukta kiyAH pAntu inane me hI unheM santoSa nahIM huaa| ___ unhoMne mAMcA saMsArake saba hI prANI prAna mora yamadutake cuMgalameM phaMse huye zabandhanameM par3e huye haiM-vaha svayaM bhI to svAdhIna nahIM hai ! kyoM na pUrNa svAdhIna bana jAya ? yahI socasamajhakara mariSTanemine vastrAbhUSaNAko utAra pheMkA / pAlaka me utara kara vaha mAMdha vitaka ( giranAra ) parvatakI aura nara diye| vahAM unhoMne zrAvaNa zukla SaSTIko digambA mudrA dhAraNa kara tapasyA karanA ApakI ghora tapazcaraNakA suphala kevalajJAna unheM namItra humA / garinAra parvataka pAma mahalAmrabanameM dhyAna mAikara unhoMne pAtiyA ko hA nAza pazcina kRSNA amAvasyA zubha dina kiyaa| bhaba mariSTanemi mAsAna marvajJa nIyakA hogye| deva aura manuSyoMne unheM mamnaka namAyA aura unakA dharmAdeza cAbame munaa| sanA vAra mA pramukha bhisya huA / kumArI nula bhI sAdhvI dekara AryikAoMne apanI huii| 1-hari0, pRSTha 413-505 //

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bhagavAn ariSTanemi, kRSNa aura paannddv| [77. eka sarvajJa sarvadarzI tAthakarake hame bhagavana mariSTanemine nAnAdezIma vihAra karake dharma pracAra kiyaa| bhagavAnakA harivaMza purANa meM likhA hai ki bhagavAn vihaar| ariSTanemina kramame sATha (sugaSTra ), baToru. zaramena, pATaca', karujAMgala. pAMcAla, kuzAgra bhagadha anana, aMga, baMga kaliMga mAdi dezoMmeM vihAra kiyA thaa| isa vihAra meM bhagavAna / zubhagamana malayadeza ke bhadilapura bhI hmaa| vahAMka mA pAine bhaktipUrvaka maMgaganakI vandanA kii| vahIM maiTa ki yahAM kaNakI nI devakI , yugaliyA putra rahate the / ve bhI bhagava nako vandanA karane Aye aura dharmAdeza sunakara muni hI bhagavAna ke ma tha hIliye Age bhagavAna kA vihAra palavadezame mA huA / uma mamaya dakSiNa "yugame pAMcoM pANDava gaha rahe the| unhoMne jaba yaha munA ki bhagavAna agTinama vahAM mAya haiM to unhoMne jAkara bhagavAnakI bandanA kii| isapara bhagavAnane dakSiNA dezAma vahAra kiyaa| palavadezameM ve kaIvArahane / unake imaprakAra dharmapaca ra kAnameM dakSiNa bhAgnameM dharma pragata khUba huI thii| ghara apane cacere bhAI mariSTanemika muni ho jAne ke pazcAt kRSNa loTakara dvArikA gaye aura vahA mAnanda rAjya karane lge| 1-pRSTa 554 / 2-hari. pR0 554 / 3-10 sarga 63 zloka 76-77 /

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78 ] saMkSipta jaina itihAsa | digvijaya ke liye jaba bhagavAna nemi kavakajJAnI huye, taba karane Aye | ke sAtha aneka yAdavagaNane zivyantra grahaNa kiyA thA / uparAnta zrI kRSNane prasthAna kiyaa| aura aneka paukSaNabhAgna kSetrako vijaya kiyA / isake pazcAta kRSNane khUba bhoga bhoge aura anya rAjAoM vaza kiyaa| uAganna unhoMne 'koTizilA ' sTa neke liye gamana kiyA aura use uThAkara apane zArIrika banakA paricaya jaganako karA diyaa| yahAM vaha dvArikA mAye aura vahAM unakA rAjyAbhiSeka huaa| aba kRSNa gajarAjezvara banakara nItipUrvaka rAjya karate rahe / ' vaha unakI vandanA kara ariSTanemikA udhara haritanApura pAMva sAnaMda raha rahe the ki usakA virodha kauma huaa| zAMtipriya the| unhoMne isa ko meMTanekA paJca pANDava / udyoga kiyaa| yaha gRhAmi zAMta na huI / kauravoMna duSTatAko grahaNa kiyaa| unhoMne paDakI lAkhA gAne jalA DAlane kA udyoga kiyA, parantu ve suraMga ke rAste bhAga nikale / hastinApura se calakara pAMcoM pADana aura kuntI dakSiNa bhAratameM phuNce| varSo udhara hI vicarate rahe aura usa oke rAjAose unhoMne vivAha sambandha kiye / 1- hari0 sarga 53, koziTA dakSiNa bhArata meM ho kahIM mavasthita thI / zrImAn bra0 sItAjI ne ise kaligadeza meM nahIM canha hai|

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bhagavAn ariSTanemi, ruSNa aura paannddv| [79 arjunakA vyAha kAmmilya nagarake gajA padakI gajakumArI draupadIme pahale hI hocukA thA / akhi paTava dakSiNa maga basA kara vahIM rAjya karane lage the| Aja bhI pAMDavoM ke smArakarUpameM dakSiNa bhAratameM pAMDava malaya ' mAdi sthAna mile haiN|' eka daphA jaba bhagavAna ariSTanemi giranAra parvatapara virAja mAnaye zrIkRSNa maparivAra unakI vandanA dvArikAkA naash| pharane gye| bandanA karake unhoMne tIrthakara bhagavAna se pUchA ki dvArikAkA bhaviSya kyA hai : bhagavAna ne unasameM batAyA ki dvArikAkA nAga dvIgayana munike nimittame hogA / uddhata yAdava yuvaka madamatta ho dvIpAyana muniko chege aura unakI kozani mare yAdavA mahina dvArikA bhasma hojAyagI- kevala kRSNa aura balagama zeSa rheNge| ve donoM nigaza hokara dakSiNa mathagakI aura divAra pAma jAyage ki gamna kozAMvana ke madhya narakumAra kA kRSNakA svargavAsa hogaa| tIrthakarake mumbameM yaha bhaviSyavANI manakA yAdavagaNa bhayabhIta DaoNgaye aura unhoMne dvArikAko nAke liye marA upAya kiye| parantu bhAvI amiTa thii| hAkiAkA nAza dvAgadanakI koSAmime 1-10 maga 12 va 14 / 2-F#.10, pR0 62.... / 3- zrAhA ma mI ha va mudeva ra kayAsI-evaM maTa kaNDa : tuma kara gayara mugI dIvAra ko vinie sammAviyA: Ni gavi pahuNe mega bATa devega madi dAkSiNa veyolanimaha juLa pAmokAvaNa paMcAI paMDapANaM gaya pattANaM pAsa inahara mahayane maMtra kANagaMga nagohA dAyAma maha ravisapara viyaema Aya srii'....ityaadi|

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8. saMkSima jaina itihaas| humA / kRSNa aura balarAma hI usa pralayaMkarI amise baca paaye| ve dakSiNa mathugako cale ki ghogvese jaratkumArake bANane kRSNakI jIvanalIlA samApta karadI ! balagama bhrAtRmohameM pAgala hogaye / pAMDavoMne jaba sunA no ve baLagama ke pAsa bhAye aura unako sambodhA / taba balarAmane zRGgI parvatapara kRSNake zabakA amisaMskAra kiyA aura vahI muni ho vaha tara tapane lge| usa samaya bhagavAna neminAtha pallava deza vihAra kara rahe the| pAMDava saparivAra pahIko prasthAna kara gye|' pallAdezameM vihata bhagavAna ariSTanemike samavazaraNameM pahuMca. kara pANDavoM aura unakI ganiyoMne bhagavAnakI nirvaann| bandanA kI aura unase dho deza sunA / sabane apane pUrvabhava uname puche; jinako sunakara ve saba maMpArame bhayabhIta hog| yudhiSThira Adi pAMcoM pAMDavoMne tatkSaNa bhagavAna ke caraNakamaloM meM munitrata dhAraNa kiye / kuMtI. draudI bhAdi rAniyAM bhI gajamatI kAryikA nikaTa sAdhvI hogaI / isapakAra mana hI manyasta kara tara tAne meM lIna hogae ! bhaba bhagava / maTanemikA nirmANakA samIra mArahA thA / isaliye ve palavadezase calakara uttaradiza.meM vihAra karate hue girinAra parvatapara mA virAje / unake sAtha saMgha pahanadi bhI maaye| giranAra parvatapara Akara bhagAn arienemine nirvANakAlase eka mAsa pUrvataka dhomdeza diyA / yaha unakA aMtima pravacana thA / -risarga 62 /

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bhagavAn ariSTanemi, kRSNa aura pANDava / [ 89 uparAnta eka mAsa pahale se unhoMne yogoMkA nizeSa kiyA / aura aghAtiyA karmo kA nAza kara ve mukta hogaye / usa samaya samudravijaya, zaMtru, pradyumna Adi bhI giranArase mokSa gaye the| isa punIta ghaTanA ke harSa devAne myAnandotsava manAyA thA / indrane girinAra para eka siddhazilA nirmASI, jisapara bhagavAna neminAtha ke mamasna lakSaNa aMkita kara diye / isa prakAra bhagavAnako mukta huA jAnakara pAMcoM paTava zatruMjaya parvata para jA birAje / vahA unhoMne gahana dhyAna mAr3A | usa dhyAna avastha meM unara kaurava vaMzake yunarocana nAmaka dRSTane ghora upasarga kiyaa| umana lohake kar3e mukuTa Adi naye aura unheM abhiSeka pATo pani diye, jinameM unake zarIra avayava burI taraha jala gaye / parantu sAdhu pANDavAne ima vargako samabhAvani mana kiyA / yudhiSThira, bhIma aura anaMta umI samaya nuka homiddha paramAnA huye sunirAja nakula aura sahadeva bhAiyoM meM kiMcita gaye | isalie sarvArthasiddhi memendra huye| balabhadra bhI hamane kara deva hu udaganta yAdava kavakajasto ke bhau jIvana vahI 1 yAdavoMkI vaMza jAkara rAjya karane ka huI thI / - hari0 sarga 64 / uni narakalina deza meM 3. kI santa rAma

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- - malita jaina itihAsa / yahA yaha prazna nirthaka hai ki kyA bhagavAna ariSTanemi eka nihAsika mahApuruSa the! pUrvollikhita samrATa ma. ariSTanemi zadanAka dAnapatra meM unakA ullekha aitihAsika humA hai aura usameM unakA asminva eka puruSa the| mati prAcInakAla se siddha hai| uma dAna. patrake bhanignigniAra parvatarA baneka prAcIna sthAna aura tamba haiM, jo bha0 bhariTanamanihAmihatAko pramANita karate hai| girinAka bAbA pyAkaM maTana ne, zinlAne mba meM .. kevalajJAna sammAnAnAma" vAkya par3ha gayA hai| jisame ki myAna kisI kaMvalajJAnI pani kara ... viTana hI hai ki zrI ariSTanemina Ta 262. mAna prApta kiyA thA / 'yugakA mAnana : . : ... mika mastitvako siddha karanI hai / ipaka bhanina 'nya svana mAhi. tvako sAkSI bhI isa viSayaka samaya meM ule hai| noMke prAcIna sAhitya to bhagavAna maSTinemikA varNana hai rI; panta mahatvakI bAta yaha hai ki hameM vaidika sAhityame bhI bhagabAma garinemikA ullekha humA milatA hai| jurveda ma0 0. maMtra 1-Iai., mA. 20 pR0 36...... 2-:pRSTa 86-88 vstur13....|

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bhagavAn ariSTanemi, kRSNa aura paannddy| [81 25meM eka arienemikA spaSTa ullemva hai|' aura na evaM bhajaina vidvAna unheM jaina tIrthaka / prakaTa karate bhAe hai|| isake atirikta prabhAsa pugaNa ' meM spaSTa likhA hamA hai ki nami jinane vita parvaname mokA nAma liyA thaa| isa sAkSIne mamakSa bha0 agnimika mastitva zaka karanA vyartha hai / vidvA. no mana hai ki jaba nemipabho cacera mAI zrI kRSNako nihApika puruSa mAnA jAnA hai to koI vajaha nahIM ki nIrthakara nami vAstavika puruSa na mAne jaay| DaoN0 phuhA aura pro0 vAraneTa sAne raetayA bhagavAna mariSTanemikA niyamitA vikAra kI hai| isa prakAra bhagavAna giTanami caritrame yaha pra hai ki unake dvArA dakSiNa bhArata padava, malaya bhAdidagoma jana dharmakA pracAra humA thA aura ima mazrI se dakSiA mAgnameM na dharmakI prAcInanA bhI saTa hAnI hai 1- jamnu - bhUvanaH ca anuvanAni mayata: / magajanana 'mana praga para avynmno||25|| 2-bI ToDAmaTa kRta ' mokSamAga-prakAza devA / 3-pro. svAmI viruSa mahipAne 8 artha kiyA thA-TevA ana patha pradarzakakA vizeSAMka [ varSa 3 mA 3] Rgveda ( 1.6 va 16) ke isa maMtrakA 'svasti bastAkSyoM bariSTanemiH' kA artha 'pariSTanemi (saMsAra sAgarako pAra kara jAne meM samartha ) aisA mohinemi tIrtharabaha hamArA kalyANakare' kiyA thaa| 4- batAdau cino premiyugaadivimnp| sImAM yA zramAdeva mukimArgasya kAraNam // ' sAmane..88-89

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samita jaina itihAsa / bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / kAzI deza ikSvAkuvaMza-upakulake rAnA vizvasena rAjya karate the| banArasa unakI rAjadhAnI thI aura vahIM unakA nivAsasthAna thaa| rAnI brahmadattA unakI paTarAnI thii| pauSakRSNa ekAdazIko una ganIne eka pratApI putra prasava kiyA, jisake janmane hai| lokameM mAnaMda aura harSakI eka dhArA baha gii| devoM aura manuSyAne milakara khUba utsava mnaayaa| usa putrakA nAma 'pArtha 'svaH mayA bhaura vahIM jaina dharma 23 veM tIrthakara huye| yuvAvasthAko prApta karake rAjakumAra pArtha rAja-kAjameM vyasta hogaye / vaha apane pitAke sAtha prajAkA hita sAdhane meM aise nizta huye ki unakA nAma aura kAma cahuM ora phaila gyaa| loga unheM " sarvajana priya " (1oples Fiulopirite ) haka pukArane the| ekadaphA kumAra pArzvanAtha mitra mahina vanavihAra ke liye nikale / bAgameM unhoMne dekhA ki unaka' nAnA mahIpAla kA gaja tApasake bhaSameM paMcAgni tapa rahA hai| vaha unTA mukha kiye hameM laTakA humA thA / kaJcana-kAminI kA moha usane tyAga diya! 5 : parantu phira bhI usake tyAgameM kI thii| ume ghamaMDa thA ki maiM sAdhu haiN| mujhasA saMsA meM aura koI nhiiN| isa ghamaMDa ke dapaye vaha apane Apa ko bhUla gayA / usakI AtmonnatikA mArga aba kaSThita hogayA / lekina vaha tapa tapatA aura kAyakleza sahatA thaa| pAmAra aura unake mitroMko usane dekhA / basako cIranemeM

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bhagavAna paanaath| [85 dera na kgii| para vaha sAdhu thaa| unakA abhivAdana pAye binA yaha kyoM bole ? sagla-sahamakI rIni use pasanda na thii| pArthakumAgne usakI mar3hatA dekhii| vaha use bhalA abhivAdana kyA kAnaM ! hA. vaha usakA sapA hita sAdhane ke liye tula pdd'e| unhoMne kahA ki yaha mAdhumArga nahIM hai / mami mulagAkara vyartha jIvoMkI hiMsA karate ho ! gajakumArake ina zabdoMne usa sAdhuko bhAga-calA banA diyaa| usane kulhAr3I uThAI aura adhasilage lakar3Ike boTako vaha phAr3ane lgaa| usake bhAcaryakA ThikAnA na rahA, jaba usane usa lakar3I kI khukhAlameM eka maraNAsana sarpayugala devA ! usakA mana to mAna gayA, parantu ghamaMDakA bhUta mimme na ulaga : yahI kAraNa thA ki vaha bhahiMsA dharmahe mahatvako na samajha sakA / yarpayugalako bha0 pAne mambodhA : ve samabhAvose mare aura dharaNendra-padmAvanI huye| isa ganime bha0 paryanAtha kaumArakAlame hI janatAmeM dhArmika sudhAra kara rahe the : una samayameM dharma nAmapara taraha nAhaka mana pracalita hogaye the| kArya prabhUne unako meMTanA mAvazyaka samajhA / unhoMne dekhA ki samAjame gRhatyAgiyoMkI mAnyatA hai aura vinA gRha tyAga kiye satyake darzana pA lenA durlabha hai| isaliye unheM ghagya gahanA dama hogyaa| nAvira meM eka nimina mila gayA-maba ve digambara muni hogye| muni avasthAmeM unAna ghora tapa tpaa| jJAna-dhyAnameM ve hIna rahe / saMyamI jIvanakI parAkAhAra se pahuMca gye| eka macchese

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8.] saMkSiA na itihaas| dina 'jJAna' mUrtimAna ho unake abhyantarameM nAcane lagA / pArzvanAtha sAkSAta bhagavAna hogaye-ve mara marvajJa nIrthakara the| jJAna-prakAzakA ghavala mAloka unake cahuMora chiTaka rahA thA / jJAnI jIva unakI zaraNameM pahuMce / bhagavAna ne unheM saccA dharma banAyA, jise pAkara saba hI jIva sukhI huye-mabane samAnatAkA anubhava kiyA aura mAtmasvAtaMtrya ve adhikArI huye / apane isa vizvasandezako lekara bhagavAna pArzvanAthana sAMga cAryadeza vihAra kiyaa| mahA-jahAM unakA zubhAgamana hubhA vahAM vahAka loga pratibuda hI sanmArga 55 bhArur3ha huye / bhagavAna pAcanAyaka dharmapacArakA varNana sAla kIrti kRta pArzvanAthacarita' meM nimnaprakAra likhA humA hai: "tatva medapradAnena zrImatpAzvabhumahAn / janAna kauzaladezIyAn kuzalAn saMdhyadhya // 76 // bhidan mithyAtamogADhe divyadhvanipradIpakaH / kAzIdezIyakokAna ma cakra sayamatatparAna / / 7 / / zrImanmAlamdezIyamadhyalokasucAtakAn / dezanAmadhArAbhiH prANayAmAma tIrthagana // 78 // jayaMtIyAn janAn sarvAn mithyAtvAnalatApitAn / gyAmipiyAmAsa...pArdhacandrAmRtaH // 79 // gaurANAM bavAnAM hi pArzvasamAda vitedriyaH / Pow barSa komalataH // 8..

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bhagavAn pAzrdhanAya / [87 pAvabhaTTAka zrama na pAdapAsavihAra; san saurASTalokAMzca pavatrAn vidhebha // 82 / / aMge vaMge kaliMge'tha kaNAMTa kokaNe tathA / meTamadaM tathA DhATe liMga davA || 83 // kAzmIre magadha ko ' na Ta ke / vADe 53 pama pamamI nA // 8 // ityAryagvAndezA kImatva mahAmanaH / darzanajJAnava vimAnamevA ra // 85 // 15 // ' bhAvArtha- dara 53 / * liga mAna prama zrI pazyaM bhagavAna dazaka zara. pada vAra kiyA aura apanI dinikA pradIya da miyAnamaka najArA dii| phi. saMyamameM nH|| 3 dazaka meM nama kA pramAva phraayaa| zrI mALavadaka nama: bhAisa cAnAna bhI noTake dhamAMmRtakA pAna kiyA / sanI deza jI miyAnalame napta thA, so pAzvakapIndro mamatako pAkara zAMta hogayA thaa| gaura dezameM ndriya naTara dvacanoMka prabhAvama mipAva bilkula jaminahAya ; mahATa dezavAsiyoM meM anekAne pArzva bhagavAna me dIkSA grahaNa kI thii| parva moSTa dezameM bhI pArya maTTArakakA vihAra huA thA jisameM vahAM loga pavitra hogae the| aMga, baMga, kaliMga, kanATaka. kokaNa, medapAda, lATa, dAvir3a, kazmIra, magadha, kaccha, vidarbha, kAla, paMcAna, pallava, pAsa ityAdi gAsiMDake dekhoMba mI bagavAnake upadezase sammAna, zAna, pArita lomitimii|

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88] saMlima jaina itihaas| bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke hama vihAra vivaraNase spaSTa hai ki unakA zubhAgamana dakSiNa bhArata dezoMmeM bhI humA thA / mahAgaSTra, kokaNa. karnATaka, drAvir3a, pallava Adi dakSiNAvartI dezoM vicara karake nIrthakara pArzvanAthane eka bAra puna: jaina dharmakA radyota kiyA thA / dakSiNa bhAratameM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha zubhAgamanako cirasmaraNIya banAne vAle vahAM vaI nIrtha mAja bhI upalabdha haiM / antarIkSa pa.vanAtha. kAlakuMDa pAvanAtha mAdi tIrtha vizeSa ula. mkhanIya haiM / dakSiNa bhArata ke jainI bhagavAna pavanAyakA vizeSarUpameM utsava bhI manAna haiN| mahArAjA krkNddu| bhagavAna pArzvanAtha zAsanakAlameM mumasiddha mahAgajA karakaMDa huye the / inheM zAstroM meM pratyeka buddha 'hA gayA hai aura unakI mAnyatA jainatara logoM meM bhI hai| uttara bhAratake campAyume pATIvAdana nAmakA jAnya karatA thA / usakI nI padmAvatI marmatI . . e dina hai thIyara mabAra hokara rAjA aura rAnI vanavihArako gaye / 3 H vica gayA aura unheM jaMgalameM lebhAgA / jAnA par3akI DAlI kaDA baca gyaa| pAtu ganIko hAthI liye hI calA gayA / vaha dantipurake pAma eka jalAzayameM jA dhumaH / ganIne kUda kara Ane prANa bacAye paura eka mAlinake ghara jAkara vaha gahane lgii| kiMtu mAphinake kara svabhAvase vaha taMga bhAgaI aura eka smazAna bhUmimeM yaha jA baitthii|

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mahArANA krknchu| [89 kamauke vaicitrako vikAratI huI padmAvatI rAnI vahAM baiThI thI ki vahIM unoMne eka putra prasava kiyaa| eka mAtaMga veSadhArI vidyAgharane uma samaya padmAvatI rAnIkI sahAyatA kI-navajAta zizukI rakSAkA bhAra usane apane Upara liyA / uma vivASane usa bAlakako khUba par3hAyA-likhAyA aura zastrAstra calAnemeM niSNAta bnaayaa| bAlakake hAthameM mukhI khujalI thii| isa kAraNa use 'karakaMDu' nAmase pukArane lge| bAlaka karakaMDa bhAgyazAlI thaa| jaba vaha yuvA huA to dantipurake rAjAkA paralokavAma hogayA / usake koI putra na thaa| rAjamaMtriyoMne divya nimittama kApaDako rAjatyake yogya pAkara unheM dantipurakA gajA banAyA / gajA hone ke kucha samaya pazcAna karakaM. kA vivAha girinagarako ganakamArI madanAvalIse hogayA / campAka gajAne karakaMDakA apanA mAdhipatya svIkArane ke liye bAdhya kiyA, jise karane mamvIkAra kiyaa| bhAkhira donoM nare. zoMmeM yuddhakI naubata AI: pannu padmAvatIne bIca meM parakara pitAputrakI mandhi kgdii| dhAhIvAhana putrako pAkara baTuna harSita hue / unhoMne cammakA gajapATa kANDako mAga aura bhApa muni hogye| karakaNDa mAnanda rAjya karane lge| ekavAra karakaMDakI yaha kAmanA huI ki unakI mAjJA sAre bhArata nivAMdha gatime mAnya ho kiMtu maMtriyoM unheM mAluma humA ki drAvir3a dazake cola, , aura pANyanagza unakI mAtrAko nahIM mAnate haiN|

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90] saMmita jaina itihAsa / gajAne unake pAsa duna bhejA, pAnnu unhoMne karakaMDakA mAdhipatya svIkAra nahIM kiyaa| isa uttarako munakara karakaMDa cir3ha gayA / maura umane unapara turanta car3hAI kara dii| mArgameM vaha tegapura nagara phuNce| gaura vahAMke gajA zivane unakA sammAna kiyaa| vahIM nikaTameM eka pahAr3I aura guphAyeM thiiN| karakaMDa zivagajAke sAtha unheM dekhane gayA / guphAmeM unhoMne bhagavAna pArzvanAthakA darzana kiyA / vahIM eka vAma ko unhoMne budavAyA aura usase jo bhagavAna pArthanAthakI // mUrti nikalI. usako unhoMne usa guphA virAjamAna kiyA / mani nima siMhAsana para virAjamAna thI unake bIcameM eka bhaddI gA~Ta dikhanI thii| karane use tur3avA diyA, kintu usake tur3avAne hI vahA~ bhayaMkara jalapravAha nikala pdd'aa| karakaMDa yaha dekhakara pachatAne lge| usa samaya eka vidyAdharane mAkara unakI sahAyatA kI aura usane uma guphAke banane kA itihAsa bhI unako btaayaa| vidyAdharake kathanase karaDako malama huA ki dakSiNa vijabAIka canapura nagarase gajacyuta hokara nIla mahAnIka nAma ke do mAI terapurameM bhArahe the| yaha donoM vidyAdhara vaMzaka rAjA the| dhIre dhIre unoMne vahA~ rAjya sthApita kara liyaa| eka munike upadezase unhoMne jaina dharma prANa kara liyA aura vaha guphA maMdira mA mukha pariye eka rti TheTha dakSiNamAtase bAI rAto sone mAmale pudI tara faite

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mahArAjA krknndd| / 9. banavA kara vaha muMra jinamarti sthApita karAI thii| koI vidyAdhara usa mUrtiko vahA~ uThA lAye aura meM usakA utAga / phira vaha uma muniko vahA~me nahIM le jama karakaMDu yaha saba kucha sunakara bahuna prasanna huyaM / kakaMdana vahAM do guphAyeM maubnvaaii| ga karakaMda midApana aura vahA~ rAjaputrI kA pANigrahaNa kiyaa| na eka vidyAdhara putrIko vyAha kara unhoMne nIla nA aura "ch| gAMkI mammilita manAkA mukAbalA kiyA bhogakA a, praNa paga kiyA / kintu jaba kahane unheM, janadhanuyAya jAnA una musTImeM jinapratimAya dekhI to unheM bahana, 'zva tApa hA aura hama unheM punaH gajya denA cAda: pAyAbhara na davaDAbhiyAna yaha kahakara nAmyAko canakikadama meM pautrAdi: 4 mevA kagga / vaDAma lauTakara na hAne ye kA nayA bhAye aura. gajyasumva bhAgane lge| ___eka dina ca mAmeM zaguma mAnaka mani kA zubhAgamana humA / kaI mAgvAra unako padanAko / munigajame unoMne bonaza aura apane pUrvabhava mune. jinake mana meM unameM vairAgya hogayA aura ve apane putra vanAvako gajya baiMkara muni ho gye| muni avadha meM unoMne ghora tapa tapa aura mAsa prApta kiyaa| unakI sAniyA~ bhI sAdhvI hogaI thiiN| bArAbArabuDI mAI huI nA gAva bhAvAra rAjake usmAnAbAda mile tera nAmaka sthAnapara minItam.

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92 ] saMkSipta jaina itihAsa / 1 racanA aura krama ThIka vaisA hI hai jaisA ki karakeMTukI banavAI huI guphAoMkA thA / aura anipara jImUtavAhana vidyAdhara ke vaMzajoMkA eka samaya rAjya bhI thA | ve ' nagarapuraka adhIzvara ' kahalAte the / upaganta ve hI loga itihAsa meM zilAhAra vaMzake nAmase paricita huye the / karakaNDu mahArAjakI sahAyatA karanevAlA bhI eka vidyAdhara dhA aura usane yaha kahA thA ki nIla mahAnIla vidyASaki vaMzaja tegapura ( tagarapura ) meM rAjya karane the| isameM hai ki zilAhAvaMza ke rAjA una vidya ghaka hI adhikArI the. jinameM nadharmakI mAnyatA thI / zilAhAra rAjAo ne bhI adhikAMza jainI the| isase bhI dakSiNa bhArata meM jainadharmakA prAcIna astitva siddha hai| x bhagavAn mahAvIra - varddhamAn / bhagavAna mahAvIra jaina dharma mAne huye caubIsa tIrthaGka meM antima the| ve jJAtRvaMzI kSatriya nRpa siddhArtha putra na the| unakA janma vaizAlIka nikaTa vyavasthita kuNDa prAmameM huA thA aura unake jIvanakA adhikAMza samaya uttara bhArata meM hI vyatIta huA thA parantu yaha bAta nahIM hai ki dakSiNa bhAratake loga unake deza rahe the / yaha avazya hai ki unakA bihAra TeTha dakSiNa meM zAyada nahIM huA ho| vahAM unake pUrvagAmI nIrthaGkara zrI anamI Adi vizeSa liye kANDu banda' (kAraMjA janmAlA / kI bhUmikA dekhanA cAhiye, jisake vaha paricaya secanyAda kikhA gayA hai|

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bhagavAna mahAvIra pardamAna / [93 aura unake ziSyoM kA hI vihAra humA; parantu viMdhyAcalake nikaTavartI pradeza arthAt dakSiNA pathameM bhagavAna mahAvIrakA zAMti-mukha. vistAraka mamozagNa nimsandeha avatarita huA thaa| jaba lagabhaga tIsa varSako avasthAme unhoMne gRha-tyAga karake digambara munikA veSa dhAraNa kiyA taba ve uttara aura pUrvIya bhAra. tameM hI vinAne rahe / udhara pUrva-dakSiNameM lAda vavabhUmi mAdi dezA bhagavAna ne vihAra kiyA thA aura idhara pazcima dakSiNa ve ujjaina na pahuMce the| jinake mahAkAla smazAna bhUmimeM aba bhaga. vAn vigana rahe the. taba unake alaukika dhyAna jJAna-abhyAsako sahana na kara ruda nAmaka vyakti ne una para ghora upasarga kiyA thaa| isa ghaTanA ke bAda bhagavAna kA vihAra uttara pUrva dizAko hukSA thaa| annanajammamAma nikaTa RjukA nadIke naTasa unoMne ghAra namazcAH kiyA thA aura vaha unakA kevalajJAnako middhi huI yii| yaha sthAna bhAvunika jhiriyAka nikaTa bhanumAna kiyA gayA hai . nAkA hara bhagavAna ne jamRhakI ora prasthAna kiyA thA aura ve prAya: mAtra unA mAnameM vicarane raha the| kameDI hai.' jasakanA ki va kahA kama aura kaba pahuMce the. parantu iname saMzaya nahIM ki nava va bhUmena, dazArNa bhAdi 1-zAya? yahI kAraNa hai ki dakSiNa bhAratake janoMne apane saMghako 'muTamaMca' kahA hai| mata: janaka yathArtha darzana dakSiNa bhAratIya sAhitya meM hI honA saMbhava hai| , 2-bora ! mA0.5 pRSTha 334-336 / , .

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94] maMlita jaina itihaas| dezoM meM hone huye sindhu-sauvIra dezameM pahu~ce the, taba viMdhyAcalake samAna sthita deza unake samparka meM Anese nahIM bce| hemAMgadezakI gajadhAnI rAjapura meM bhagavAnakA zubhAgamana huA thA / gajapura daNDakAraNyake niSTa avasthita thaa| vahAM ke rAjA jIvadhA atyaMta parAkramI the| unhoMne palavadezAdi vijaya kiye the| unakA vicaraNa dakSiNa bhArata ke dezoMmeM bhI huA thaa| dakSiNamya kSamapugame unhoMne divya jinamaMdira darzana kiye the| mAkhira bha0 mahAvI ke nikaTa muni hogaye the / podanapug gajA prasannacaMda ma. mahAvIra kA bhakta thA : pogapurakA rAjA bhI bhagavAn mahAvIrakA ziSya thaa| ___ bhagavAna kA zubhAgamana huna dezoSa hA thaa| isame mAge ve gaye the yA nahIM, yaha kucha panAhI karanA . havaMzapugaNa' meM avazya kahA gayA ki bha0 mahAvIgne RSabhadeva ke mamAna hI sAre mAyaM meN| aura dharmanA kiyA / isakA artha yahI hai ki dakSiNa bhAgnaye bhI ce 1 ce the / samrAT zreNika, jambUkumAra aura vidyucara / bhagavAn mahAvIra-bamAnake ananya bhakta samrAT zreNika the| taba magadhameM zizu nAgavaMzake rAjAmoMDA meNika vimpsaar| rAjya kaa| meNika usI ke gala paura magapa sAmrAjya saMsthApaka the| magadha rAjyakA unhoMne khUba hI vistAra kiyA thaa| prate haiM ki 1-sidhA., mA0 209-1.2 -1, pRSTha 18 / - -

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samrAT zreNika, jammakumAra aura viyucor| [95 bhAratakI pazcimottara sImApara paira jamAye huye IganiyoM ko samrATa zreNikane hI dUra bhagA diyA thaa| zreNikake putra nabhayarAjakumAra the| vaha gajamaMtra aura taMtra ati pravINa the| malama hotA hai ki IrAnake gajavaMzase unakA premamaya vyabahAra thaa| zreNikane iMgana aura usake nikaTavanI dezoM jinamUrtiyAM gyApita karAI thiiN| amayagajakumAgne apane mitra iMgana ke zAhajAde mAIkake liye svAma naugpA eka jinani bhejI thii| AIka usa divyamartike darzana karake mA pratibuddha humA ki sIghA bhagavAna mahAvI ke samAzagNameM A munitIkSAma dIkSina gyaa| nimsaMdeha samrATa gheNaka aura una muni magadha ganyako samRddhika sAyara jainadharmakI mahAna sevA aura prabhAvanA kI thii| zreNakI gajadhAnI gana gRha nagarI thI : vahAM aIdAma nAma ke eka mAmA meTa pahane the. jinakI jmbuukumaar| pAnI jinamanI thii| phAlguna mAma zaka meM eka acche dina jaba candramA gahiNI nakSatra pAyA taba prAta: samaya usa TAnIko kokhameM eka putra ratnakA janma humaa| mAtA-pitAne umakA nAma bambakamAra malA / jambukumArane yuvA hone2 saba hI zanazAstra viSayaka vidyAbhoMmeM yogyatA pATha kara kii| gadarabAra bhI inakI mAnyatA rogii| mAda zreNika inakA khA sanmAna karate the| 1-'mAri.' (makTUbara 1930). 438 2- mA. 1 pR. 22-23

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saMmizana itihaas| usa samaya dakSiNa bhAratake keraka deza eka viyApara samA rAjya karatA thaa| usa mora vidyAdhara kerala vijy| vaMzake rAjAbhoMne prAcInakAlase apanA bhASipatya jamA rkkhaayaa| basa, keralake uma vidyAdhara rAjAkA nAma mRgAMka thaa| samrAT zreNikase umakI mitratA thii| mRgAMkapara haMsadvIpa (laMkA) ke rAnA glacUnane bhAkamaNa kiyA thaa| mRgAMkakI sahAyatAke liye zreNikane jambUkamArake senApatitvameM apanI senA bhejI thii| jambUkumArane vIratApUrvaka zatrukA saMhAra kiyA thaa| isa yuddha meM unake hAbase bhATha hajAra yoddhAoM kA saMhAra humA thaa| uparAMta mRgAMkane bharanI kanyA vilAsavatIkA vivAha zreNika ke sAtha kiyA thaa| jaba zreNika kerala gaye huye the taba unoMne vindhyAcala maura revA nadIko pAra karake karala nAmaka parvatara vizrAma kiyA thA aura vahAMpara sthApita jina bimboMkI pUjA-arcanA kI thii|' dakSiNa bhArata ke itihAsase yaha siddha hai ki prAcIna kALameM haMsadvIpa (laMkA) aura tAmiLa-pANDyAdi dakSiNa dezavAsiyoM ke madhya paraspara bhAkramaNa hote rahane the| udhara yaha bhI prATa hai ki nanda. 1-'jambUkumAra carit ' meM vizeSa paricaya dekha' 'tatastAM ca samuttIrtha pratasthe keralA prati / vizazrAma kiyarakAlaM nAnA kuralabhUdhare // 143 // 7 // pUjayAmAsa bhUmIzastatra vi vimeshinH| munInati mahAmatyA tataH sAmuyAH // 144 // .

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samrAT zreNika, jammakumAra gaura ripor| [9. rAjAmoMne dakSiNa bhAratapara ma'kramaNa kiye the| isa mAsvAmeM yaha saMbhava hai ki zreNikane rAjA mRgAMkakI sahAyatA kI se| kela vijaya karake zreNika aura jambumAra lauTakara mAnanda rAjagRha mAye aura khUba vijayotsava mnaayaa| eka roja jambUkumArakA samAgama munirAja zrI sudharmAcAryase humA. jiname unhoMne apane pUrvamA sune / unoMne jAnA ki sudharmAcArya unake pUrvabhava mAI haiN| vaha bhI mAIkI taraha muni hojAne ke liye udyamI hogaye; parantu sudharmAcArya ne unheM usa samaya dIkSita nahIM kiyA / jambukuma ra mAtA pitAko mAtrA lene ke liye ghara cale gaye / vahAM u, pitRgaNa ke vizeSa bhAmahame vivAha karanA par3A: pAntu unhoMne navavadhuoMke mAtha rahakara nikalImeM samaya nahIM gaMvAyA / una sabako samajhA-bujha kara ve digambA muni hogaye / jima samaya jambUkama' apanI patniyoMko samajhA rahe the usa mamaya vidyuna' nAmakA cora unakI vidycr| basuna hA ya'. ninakA usapara caDhava asA pada. ! aura bara bhI Ane meM nasI ziSyoM mahina vR naya muni homayA : 4 : hyacakSaNapathA maddhata podana ke nA !,: : : prabha yo : ina mAma! adhyayana kiyA : 5.sa -u0 pR0 2.9 nambhUmAra cala nApuke majAka putra hinA hai; pAntu vaha vidyubA inase bhima mora bha. pAzvanAyake tIrtha meM huye the|

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samita na itihAsa / karane ke liye rAmagRha calA AyA thaa| dakSiNa bhAratake dezoM usane bAsA bhramaNa kiyA thaa| samudra ke nikaTa sthita marayAcala parvatAra vA pahuMcA thA / vahAM vaha siMhaladvIpa bhI gayA tha'; nahAma vApisa ra vaha karala bhAyA thA / draviDa dezako usane jaina maMdigaM aura niyoMme pari. pUrNa dekhA thaa| phira yaha kaNAMTaka kA boja, kAMcIpura, sArvana, mahArASTrAhiye hotA humA vidhyAcalake upa para mAmIra deza, kohaNa, kiSkindhAdi pahuMcA thaa| isa varNanase bhI uma samaya dakSaga bhAratameM jaina dharmakA mastitva pramANiH hotA hai| ___jambakumAra aura vidyuJca ne apane mAthiyoM mahina bhagavAn sauvarmAcAryase muni dIkSA grahaNa kI thii| vizulAcala parvata parame jaba sudharmasvAmI mukta huye taba jambasvAmI kaMvatrajJAnI huii| 1-"kSaNasya dizA mujhaM mlyaanaam| paTarAdidrumAkoNamanAmana ma // 21 // bhagamyaM 6 siMhalaM dezamunna m davit gRhama janakaparitam // 26 // vINaM TasaMjJaca kAvIra kautukAnAm / kAMcIpuraM sukAMtyA va kAMpanAma manohAn // 17 // kAgala ca samAmAgha mahya parvatAnna n / mahArASTra ca vaidarbhadezaM mAnAvanA kama // 18 // vicaM narmadAtara pradeza vidhAna vipATI samuladhya tasalinana // 219 // -:mbu. 1. 188.

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[ 99 nanda aura mau samrAT / unhoMne magadhAdi dezoMmeM dharmapracAra kiyA aura Akhira vipukAcala paryataparase vaha bhI nirvANa paSA / ekadA vidyucara apane pAMcasau sAthiyoM sahita mathurAke udyAnaye virAje; jahAM una para ghora upasarga huA / saba muniyoMne samatApUrvaka samAdhimaraNa kiyaa| unakI pavitra smRti meM vahAM pAMcamI stUpa nirmANa kiye gaye the, jo akabara bAdazAha ke samaya taka vahAM vidyamAna the|" nanda aura maurya samrAT / zizu nAgavaMzake pranaHpI rAjAoMke pazcAta magadha sAmrAjya ke adhikArI nandravaMza ke rAjA huye the| una samaya magadhakA zAsaka hI bhArata varSakA nanda - rAjA / pramukha aura apragagya nRpa yA samrAT samajhA jAtA thaa| isI kAraNa magadhakA adhikAra pAne hI nandarAjA bhI bhArata ke pradhAna zAsaka samajhe jAne lge| yahAM taka ki videzIyUnAnI lekhakoMne bhI nandokI pradhAnatA aura prasiddhikA ullekha kiyA hai / ina nandoMne samrAT nandavarddhana aura mahApadma mukhya the / naMdabarddhanane eka bhAratavyApI digvijaya kI thI, jisameM usane dakSiNa bhAratako mI vijaya kiyA thA / dakSiNa bhAratake eka zilAlekhase yaha spaSTa hai ki nandaga 1- mampU0 pR0 10-11. mathurA meM rikI smRti stUpoSA honA isa kathAnakakI satyatAkA pramANa hai / 2- 10, pRSTha 139 /

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1.] saMzita ke itihAsa / jAmoMne kuntaladeza para zAsana kiyA thA aura kadamba baMzake rAjA unheM apanA paja mAnate the|' kuntaladeva bhAjakalake pazcimIya dakkhina (Decoan) aura ucarIya maisUra jitanA thA / dakSiNamAra. take hosakoTa jilemeM nandaguDi nAmaka grAma uttubhuja nAmaka rAmAkI rAjadhAnI batAI jAtI hai aura kahA jAtA hai ki naMdarAjA usake bhatIje the / usane unako kaida kara liyA thA; parantu unhoMne mukta hokara apanA svataMtra rAjya sthApita kiyA thaa| parantu kahA nahIM jA sakatA ki isa janazrutimeM kitanA tathya hai, no bhI yaha spaSTa ki naMda sAmrAjyakA vistAra dakSiNa bhArata taka thaa| kuMtaladeza nandarAjAoM ke zAsanAdhIna thA ! nandarAjAmoM ke pazcAt bhAratake pradhAna zAsaka mauryavaMzake zAsaka huye / candragupta mauryyane mantima maury-smraatt| naMdarAjA aura usake sahAyakako parAsta. karake magadha sAmra usa para bhagnA adhikAra jamAyA thaa| upara pazcimottara sImA prAMtase yUnAniyoM ko svade. ikara candraguptane uttara bhAratameM aphagAnistAna taka apanA rAjya sthApita kiyA thaa| aura yaha pragaTa hI hai ki dakSiNa bhArata ke eka bhAgako nanda rAjAoMne hI magadha sAmrAjyameM milA liyA thaa| isaliye candraguptakA adhikAra svata: usa padezapara hogayA thaa| eka zilAlekhameM spaSTa kahA gayA hai ki zikArapura tAlukake nAga 1-kA* 7, zikArapura 229 / 236, maiku* pRSTa 3 va jamIso. mA. 22 pRSTha 504 / 2-mIso0 mA. 22 pRSTha 1.5 //

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nanda maura maurya samrAT / [..1 khaNDakI rakSA prAcIna patriva-cAritra-bAya-candragupta karate the|' candraguptane kRSNA nadI ke kinArepara bhI zAlamameM eka nagara bhI basAyA thaa| kintu mAlUma hotA hai ki moyoko upaganta dakSiNa bhAratameM madhikAdhika rAjya vistArakI bAkAMkSA huI thii| tadanusAra mauryone tAmila dezapara mAkramaNa kiyA thaa| mauyyoMke isa bhAkramaNakA ullekha nAmilake prAcIna saMgam' sAhityameM milatA hai| saMgama kavi mAmUlanAra, pAnara, prabhRtane apanI racanAmoMmeM maurya-mAkramaNakA varNana kiyA hai| usase zAta hotA hai ki dakSiNake nInAM pradhAna rAjyoM-cera, cola, aura pAMNDayane milakara mauyokA mukAbila diyA thaa| ____nAmila menAke senApani pANDiyannedunneliyana nAmaka mahAnubhAva the / moharakA gajA unakA sahAyaka thaa| udhara mauyoMke sahAyaka veDukara arthAt nelugu loga the / tAmiLoMme pahalA moracA bakara logoMne liyA thA; parantu tAmilose ve burI taraha hAre the| isa mayaM maurya samrAT gNAGgaNameM upasthita huye the aura ghamAsAna yuddha huA thA; kintu vesTa parvatane mauryoko mAge nahIM bar3hane diyA yaH / phira bhI yaha pragaTa hai ki maurya memara naka pahuMca gaye the / mAtha hI vidvAnoM kA anumAna hai ki dakSiNa bhAratapara yaha bhAkramaNa samrATa vindusAra dvAga humA thii| kyoMki azokane 1-sopasa naM0 263 kA ziAkha, bo 14 vIM zatAbdikA hai| maku* pRSTa 10 eri* mA09 pRSTha 99 / 2-jamIso., mAga 18 pRSTha 155-196 // 3-amIso., mAga 22 pRSTha 5.5/

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1.2] saMkSisa jaina itihAsa / kevala eka kalijakA yuddha lar3A thA parantu usake zAsana lekha maisUra taka milate haiN| isa prakAra mauyyoMkA zAsana dakSiNa bhAratameM maisura prAnta taka vistRta thaa| samrATa azokake dharmazAsana lekha mesarake pati nikaTa mile hai| pramagiri, middhapura, jaTika, rAmezvara samrATa ashok| parvata. koppala cora berungar3I nAmaka sthAnoMse upalabdha mazoka lekha vahAMtaka mauryazAmanake vistArakaM ghAtaka haiN| kintu 'brahmagiri ke dharma lekhameM samrAT mAtA-pitA aura gurukI sevA karanepara jora dete haiM, yaha eka khAsa bAta hai| yaha zAyada isaliye hai ki yaha dharmalekha maisUrake usa sthAnase nikaTa avasthita hai jahA~para azoke pitAmaha samrATa candraguptane Akara tapasyA kI thI ! zravaNabelagolase hI caMdraguptane svargArohaNa kiyA thaa| bhayokane apane pitAmaha ke pavitra samAdhisthAnakI bandanA kI thii| mAlama hotA hai, isIliye unhoMne brahmagirika dharmalesameM lAsa taurapara guru gora mAtA-pitAkI sevA karanekI zikSAkA samAveza kiyA thaa| mo0 esa0 mAra0 zarmA yaha pragaTa karate hai| aura yaha haH pAle hI pramANita kara cuke haiM ki bauda honese pAle azoka benI vA bhaura apane zeSa zrIvanameM bhI usapara jaina dharmakA kAphI prabhAva rahA thaa| sacokane jainoMkA ullekha nirghanya aura bhamaNa nAmase kiyA thaa| 1-ba* pRSTha 94-96 / 2-saMbahi, mA0 1 khaNDa 1 pRSTha 215-20|3-vebii., banyAya 2 /

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nanda aura gaurya samrAT / kintu maurya samra Toya candragutakA hI samaya dakSiNa bhAra. tame vizeSa aura mahatvazAlI gaa| samrATa candragupta! eka zAsaka rUpame hI 48 samrAra dakSiNa bhAratIyoMke paricaya meM bAye devala itanA hI nahIM balki vaha unake bIca eka pUjya mAyake bheSameM vicare the| jaina satroM aura zilAlekhoMme pragaTa hai ki jima maHmrATa candramAna mAnaka zAsana kA hai ye usa samaya uttara bhAratame paE bhayaMkara duSkAla par3A. jisake kAraNa loga prAtri iha kAna naMge ! isa samaya jana saMghakA pradhAna kendra magara pA aura zrutavala: bhadrabAhu mora nAcArya sthUlabhadra maMSa netA the / bhadabahumna mAne isa dukAlakA honA apane divyajJAnase. jAnakara pahale hI kapana kA diyA thaa| ____ mamrada naguna ina bAnAyo ziSya the| unhoMne jaba guru bhadrAhunI nupraya dukAna mamAcAra munnI unoMne apane putrakA gatilA kA diyA aura mayaM munitIkSA kara zrutaMkavalI sAtha ho liye / bhadavAinsAmI maMrako lekara dakSiNa mAratakI ora cake gaa| maimUra prAMta meM zravaNabelagolake nikaTa Tabama parvatapara vaha Thahara gye, aura maMghako Age cIladazameM jAne ke liye mAdeza diyaa| muni candraguma unakI vaiyAvRtti liye unake sAtha rahe the| vahIM tapazraraNa karane huye bhadrabAhusmAmI svargavAsI huye the 1-saMbahi, mA02 ba~Da 1 pR. 203-218, aba. 30-32 vaizikha* bhuumikaa|

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1.1] saMmizana itihAsa / aura candragupta munine bhI vahIMse samAdhimaraNa dvArA svargagama kiyA bA / uttara bhAratame jaina saMghake dakSiNa bhAgamanakI isa bAnoM ke poSaka dakSiNa bhAratake ve sthAna bhI haiM jahAM Aja bhI batAyA jAtA hai ki isa maMghake munigaga Thahare the| aoTa jilakA tirumalaya nAmaka sthAna isa bAta ke liye prasiddha hai ki vahAM bhadrabAhunIka saMghabAle muniyoMmese mATha hajAra Thahare the| vahA~ parvata para Der3ha phuTa lamba cANacihna upakI prAcInatAke yotaka hai| isI prakAra hasana jile ke hamavRtanagara ( jo hemavatI nadI ke taTa para sthita yaH : ; ke viSaya meM kahA jAtA hai ki vahA~ zrutakevalI bhadrabAhujIke maMyake muni uttA bhAratase nAkara Thahare the / ' upara tAmiLa bhASAke prasiddha nItikAvya * nAlAhiyAra' kI racanA viSayaka kathAse spaSTa hai ki uttara bhAratame durbhinake kAraNa pIr3ita huye bhATa hajAra munigaNa pANDya deza taka pahuMce the| pANDyareza upraperukalIne unakA svAgata kiyA thaa| pANDyanareza unakI vidvattApara aisA mugdha humA ki vaha unase malA nahIM honA cAhatA thaa| haThAt muniyoMne pAnI dharmarakSA ke liye cupacApa vahAMse prasthAna kara diyA: parantu calane ke pahale unhoMne eka eka padya racakara Ane2 mAmana para chor3a diyA : yahI 'nAlA. riyAra' kAvya bana gayA / mAgaMzataH ina ulekhoM evaM anya zilA P-mamaprAsmA0 pRSTha 74 / 2-gaimaku0, mA. 2 pRSTha 206 / 3-hi. bhAga 14 pRSTha 332 bAta nahIM ki pANDaka narezakA -

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nanda maura maurya samrAT / [1.5 melAdise samrAT candraguptakA muni hokara zrunadevakI madabAhujIke sAtha dakSiNamAratame AnA hai| ina muniyoM ke bhAgamanake kAraNa vahAM pahalese pracalita jaina dharmako vizeSa protsAhana milA pratIta hotA hai| kintu isI samaya uttaramAratameM namAmyavaza jaina saMgha matamenakA zikAra bana gayA thA; misake pariNAmaspa hamakA ekadhAgAra pravAha idhara udhara para calA thaa| svetAmbA saMpradAyake pUrvarUpameM kAmaka' mAnyatAvAlokA banma isI samaya rogayA thA aura upagaMta vahI vikamita hokara IbI prathama zatAbdimeM spaSTataH zvetAmbara saMpadAyake nAmase prakhyAt rogayA thaa| mUla jaina maMghaka manuyAyI nitha kAmAMtara 'digaMbara' nAmame prasiddha hogaye the| yaha manAne hama pahale hI likha cuke haiN|' mamrATa candraguptake prasiddha maMtrI cANakya ke viSaya bhI kahA ___ jAtA hai ki vaha jaina dharmAnuyAyI ye caannky| aura apane antima jIvana meM baha jena sAdhu ho gaye the / mAkhira yaha AcArya huye the aura apane pAMcau ziSyoM sahita deza-videza meM vihAra karake vaha dakSiNa bhAratake vanavAsa nAmaka dezameM sthita kAcapugmeM mA vigje| vahIM unhoMne prAyopagamana manyAma liyA thaa|' eka janani cANakyako 'zukratIrtha' meM ekAnnavAsa karane batAnI hai| saMbhava hai ki yaha zakkatIrtha jainoMkA balgola. ya: 'bAlasA' tIrtha 1-saMhi. bhAga 2 saNa 1 pRSTha 203-210 2-pUrva pustaka pRSTha 239-242 /

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1.6] saMkSita jaina itihAsa / ho|' hanI bAtoM ko dekhate huye vidvajjana jaina mAnyatAko vizvasanIya pragaTa karate haiN| candraguptake samAna hI usakA potA sampati bhI jaina dharmakA ananya bhakta thA / vaha dharmabIra hone ke samrAT smpti| sAtha hI raNavIra bhI thaa| kahate hai ki usane aphagAnistAnake mAge turka, Igana Adi dezoMko bhI vijaya kiyA thaa| ina dezoMmeM sampratine jaina vihAra banavAye the aura jaina sAdhumoko vahAM bhejakara janatAmeM jaina dharmakA pracAra kagayA thaa| videzoMke atirikta bhAratameM bhaH sampratine dharmapabhAvanAke bhaneka kArya kiye the| unhoMne dakSiNa bhAratameM bhI apane dharmapracAraka bheje the| kintu sampratike bAda mauryavaMzameM koI bhI yogya zAsaka nahIM huA / pariNAma svarUpa maurya sAmrAjya chinnabhinna hogayA aura dakSiNa bhAratake rAjya bhI ba dhIna hogye| azokake eka dharma 1-jasa pRSTa 9 / / 2-" This co-incidence, if it were merely eocidental, is certainly significant. Apart frow minor details, this confirms the opinion of Rhys Dovids that the linguistic and epigraphical evidence so far available confirms in many rospects the general reliability of the traditions ourrent among the Jains..." -Prof. S. R. Sharma, 4. .. 3-sa. mA. 2NDa 11 193-299 /

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Andhra- sAmrAjya / [ 107 lekha yaha STa hai dakSiNakece bola paNDya rAjya pahale se hI svAdhIna ye aura mauyoMke bAda mAdhavazI balavAna hogaye. Andhra - sAmrAjya | narmadA aura vindhyAcalake uparAnta dakSiNa dizA ke saba hI prAMta dakSiNApathake nAmase prasiddha the|' jananika dRSTi unake do bhAga vastu ho jAte haiN| pahale bhAgameM vaha pradeza bAtA hai jo uttara narmadA tathA dakSi kRSNA aura tuGgabhadrA bIca hai| aura dUsare bhAga meM vaha trikIjAkAra bhUbhAga AtA hai jo kRSNA aura bhadrA nadiyoMme bArambha hokara kumArI aMtarIka jAnA hai| yahA~ vAme tAmitra athavA videza hai ina donoM bhAgakI apekSA inakA itihAsa bhI alaga alaga hojAtA hai| tadanumAyAM hama mauryoka bAda pahale bhAga para adhikArI AndhravaMzake rAjAoMkA paricaya likhane haiN| dakSiNa bhAratake do bhAga / azoka ke upagata bAndhavaMza ke rAjA svAdhIna hogaye the| yaha lAga zAtavAhana athavA zAlivAhana ke nAma se bhI prasiddha the| aura inake ra Andhra rAjA / rAjyakA mArambha IsvI pUrva 300 ke lagabhaga huA thaa| caMdraguptake samaya meM tIsa bar3e bar3e prAcIravA ke 1- gaiva0, 10133 yUnAniyoMne ise 'dakhinabadesa' (Dakhinsbades) kahA thaa| 2- meku0, pRSTha 15 / 3 - kAmAi0, 10191 /

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108] saMlita jaina itihAsa / nagara mAndhra gajyake aMtargata the| mAnchoMkI senAmeM eka lAkha pyAde, do hajAra savAra aura eka hajAra hAthI the / yunAnI lekhakoMne hameM eka balavAna zAsaka likhA hai / azokake marate hI inhoMne apane gajyako bar3hAnA prArambha kara diyA aura sana 240 yA 230 I0 pUrvaka lagabhaga pazcimI ghATa para godAvarIke udbhava mIra nAmikanagara unake gajyameM mammilita hogyaa| dhIre-dhIre sarakSakSiNa pradeza para samudrame samudra paryanta unakA rAjya hogayA / ' kahane haiM, magadhako bhI mAndhIne, khAravela ke sAtha jIta liyA thaa| kaliGgaka jaina mamrATa khAravelane Andhra samrAT za takarNIko pagAta kiyA thaa|' imIme anumAnita hai ki magadhavinaya meM vaha svAravela ke mAtha rahe the| unake samayameM pazcimakI orame zaka-chatrapoMke pAkamaNa bhArata para hote the / bAndhoMne unase bacane ke liye apanI rAjadhAnI mahArASTra ke hRdaya pratiSThAna (paiThana meM sthApita kI thii| inakA pahalA rAjA simuka yA mindhuka nAmaka thaa| inakA sArA rAjatvakAla karIba 460 varSa batAyA jAtA hai, jisameM inake tIsa rAjAoMne rAjya kiyA thaa| isa vaMzake rAjAoMmeM gautamI putra zAtakaNi nAmaka rAjA prakhyAta thaa| nAmikake eka zilAlegautamIputra shaatkrnni| bameM use gijAgina' aura azika, azmaka mUlaka sugaSTa. kukura, amAnta, anRpa, vidarbha aura makarAvantI nAma dezoM para sAmana karane likhA 1-gaiba0, pR. 154-172 / 2-kuaiI., pR0 15 / 3-javi. bolo., mA0 3 pR. 442 / -gamA0, pR. 19 /

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gaandhr-saamraajy| [109 hai| aneka rAjA-mahArAjA usakI sevA karate aura mAjhA mAnate the| vaha zaraNAgatoMkI rakSA karatA aura prajAke sukha-duHkhako apanA mukha duH mamajhatA thA / vaha vidvAna, sajanoMkA bhAbhaya, yakSakA bhAgAra, cAritrakA bhaMDAra, vidhAne bhadvitIya aura ekA dhanupara vIra thaa| usane naka, yavana gaura pallayoMkI maMyukta menAko pagAta karake bhAgnako mahAna maMSTame mukta kiyA thaa| isI kAraNa vaha 'vikramAditya' nAmame prasiddha humA thaa| usakA gajatvakAla pUrva 10. 44 vAyA jAtA hai| prArammameM umane bAmaNoM ke dharmakA pAlana kiyA thA, pAntu bharane anima jIvana meM yaha eka jena gRhamya hogayA tha' ! zavajayakI 'mRnimeM usakA eka maMgata bhI bhAramma humA yA jo bhAna taka pacalita hai| gautamIputrake matirikta hama vaMzake rAjAoMme bAla aura kuntalamatakaNi bhI ullekhanIya haiN| hAla vyaapaar| apanI sAhi:yaka racanAka lie siddha haiM bhauH kunnalane mana 78 I0 meM punaH zako amAmrAjyako mvAdhIna banAyA thaa| zAlivAhana zaka i. ghaTanAko nimeM pracalita huA yaH / mA bAlamRddhizAlI huA thaa| logoMmeM upAha aura mAna kA huA thA. nimama unhoMna jIvana pratyeka 1-0, pRSTha 149 / 2-vikramAditya gautamIputra zAtakaNikA vivecanAtmaka varNana ' saMkSipta jana itihAsa ' mAga 2 khaMra 2 pR0-61-66 meM dekhanA caahie|

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...] saMmita jaina itis| aMgako unnana banAyA thaa| vaNija-vyApAra khuba hI vRddhiko pahuMcA thaa| pazcimame jahAja Akara bhRgukaccha ke bandaragAhapara Ta karate ye| peThana eka khAsa taraha kA patthara aura nagApura / negapura ) se manalena mATaneM, mArakIna mAdi kapar3A evaM anya vastu bhRguccha gAr3iyoM meM le jAI jAtI thI aura vahAMsa jahAjoM meM lAkara pazcimake dezoM yUnAna Adiko calI jAtI thii| sopAga; kalyANa. semulla ityAdi gA vyApArakI maMDiyAM thiiN| logoMke liye Ane-jAnekI kAphI suvidhA aura unakI rakSAkA samucita prabandha thaa| bhAratIya vyApArI nizcita hokara deza-videza vyApAra kAka mRddhako prApta hohe the| vANijyake bhanurUpa hI mAhityakI bhI AndhrakAlameM macchI unnati huI thii| mAndhrazake bhaneka gajA sAhitya / mArityaramika the aura unameM se kinhIM svayaM hI scamAya bhI racI thii| samrATa hAlakI * 'gAthA saptazanI' pasiddha hI hai| parantu yaha bAta nahIM hai ki mAndhra kAlameM kevala prAkRta bhASAkI / unati huI ho. balika saMskRta bhASAko bhI isa samaya protsAhana milA thaa| prAkRta bhASAkA pramukha anya bRhatkathA' thA, jo mahAkavi guNADhya kI racanA thii| kahA jAtA hai ki guNAtyane kAraNamati nAmaka bhAcAryase jAnakara kapAsAhityakA yaha madvitIyaanya rabakA mAlivAhana gajAko bheMTa kiyA thaa| vaha kAraNabhUti eka jainAcArya pragaTa hote hai| udhara 1- pRSTha 174-176 / 2-bagai* pRSTha 170-171 / . 3-'vArakA bahAna-ba' dekhaa|

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mAndhra-sAmrAjyA [111 saMskRta bhASAkA bhapUrva vyAkaraNa kAtantra' bhI eka mAmiAhana rAnAke liye racA gayA thA ! hane haiM ki yaha bhI eka jainAcAryakI kRti thii| jaina vidyAlayoMmeM isakA paThanapAThana bhAja bhI hotA hai| logoM : badikadharma sAtha-sAtha bauddhadharma aura manadharmakA bhI pracAra thaa| mAmAjika saMsthAyeM prAyaH pudura dhrm| dakSiNa deza jaimI hI thiiN|' kAlakAcAryaka thana meM pragaTa hai ki painake gajA vaha guru the| jaina muniyoM aura mAryikAnoM kA bhAvagamana rAjapAsAdaye bhI thA : gajA mora prajAko jaina guru dharmakI zAMti aura mukhakara zikSA diyA karane the| unakA dharmApaka bakAyA bhI thaa| yahI vajaha hai ki gautamIputra aura hAla viSaya anumAna kiyA jAtA hai ki ve jainadharmAnuyAyI hogaya the. mAdhradeza madhana * no.panoM aura utyakAmoMme paripUrNa thaa| pratipriya janoM kA dhyAna hama dezake saundaryakI ora AkRSTa humA / Tana saMdha vahA pahuMce aura apanIapanI panika' sthApita kara basa gaye / mAga deza jaina maMdiroMse alaMkRta aura jana muniyoM dharmApadezame pamitra hogyaa| 9-" The Aodhra os Sutavahana rule is characterised b: almost the same social features as the further south; bie in point of religion they seem to have been great patrons of the Jains and Buddhists."-S. Krishnaswani Aiyan. gor in the Ancient India, page :4. 2-sAI., mA. 2 pRSTa 89 /

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112] saMkti mena itihAsa / mudUra dakSiNake rAjya / (drAvir3a-rAjya) godAvarI aura phira kRSNA evaM tubhavAse pare dakSiNa dizAmeM jo bhI pradeza thA vaha tAmila athavA drAviDa rAjyoMkI drAvir3a nAmase paricaya mAtA thaa| yaha siimaayeN| drAvir3a athavA tAmiladeza tIna bhAgoM marthAt cera, coka aura pANDya maNDaloMmeM vibhakta thA / pANvyamaMDaLa 'paNDi nADu' nAmase vikhyAt thA bhora yaha barnamAnake maduga jilA jitanA thaa|' zokake samayameM pAMDya rAjyameM madurA aura tinAvalIke jile garmita the| madurA usakI rAjadhAnI thI, mo eka samaya samRddhizAlI bahujanAkIrNa baura parakoTese veSTita nagara thaa| pAMDyoMkA damarA pramukha nagara ko ( Korkui) 11 colamaMDalakA dUsarA nAma 'punalanADu' thA aura yura (uragapura) usakI rAjadhAnI thI, mo vartamAna meM TricanApalI nagara ke sAnnikaTa bhavasthita thii| cola rAjakA vistAra kAMgemaNDaka jitanA thaa| pukara arthAt kAverIkampahanan coloN| pradhana bandagAha thA: prAcInakAbameM cammaNDalakA vistAra mailara. koi baTI nAma, dakSiA mAvAra, dAvanamAra paura kocIna jitanA thaa| isakI nI kara athavA 1-jamIso0, bhA0 18 pRSTa 213 / 2-lAmaH0 0 286 / 3-bapIso0, mA* 18 pR. 213 / 4-chAma* pR0 286 /

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bAndhra-sAmrAjya [113 balithI aura pANyadeva isase pazcimameM thii| vaha tIna rAjyahI dakSiNa bhAratace prmukhye| dakSiNa ina tInoM rAjyoM kA ullekha samrATa azoka dharmaH lekhameM humA hai| aura samrAT khAravela ke zilAlekha aura zibAnemva meM bhI inakA ullekha milatA drAviDa raajy| hai pAntu sAhityameM ina tInoM gajyoMkA mamitva eka pani prAcInakAlame siddha rAtA hai| kAsvAvana-vAtikA meM paNDya. cokamAdikA ulekha hai| pAtadine isI prakAra mAhimanI, bedarma kAzIpura bhora kara. bakA ullekha kiyA hai| mahAmAna' (vanaparva 118) meM drAvir3a dezako uttarIya mImAye godAvarI nadIkA ullekha hai| yUnAnI lembako TolmI mAdine bhI ina dezoM kA ulamba kiyA hai|' ___ upara ana sAhityase bhI ca. cIna aura pANDya rAjyoMkA prAcIna assiva pramANita hai| mahAgA jaina sAhitya meM kRSNa yuddha, jaba jA siMdhume hAhA thA drAvir3a raajy| davaDa deke gajA bhI unake panameM the| mAdA hotA hai ki pa.pToka dakSiNa madhugameM rAjya sthApita na kaNa una raajyoN| samparka uttara bhAgnIya rAjyoMme ghaniSTanAme : gita hogayA thaa| cacIla. 1-kaca. pRSTa 250 / 2-3. pRTa 113-119 / 3bavimosI0 mA0 3.446 / 4-ga. pR0 138 / 5-mahAmAvya, 1. 1, 19 / 6-ga* pR. 138-12 / -ri.pR. 168 /

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114] samitIna itihaasH| pANya.ina dravir3a rAjyoMkA yudhiSTharAdi pANDayoMse maharA sambandha baa| vidita hotA hai ki jisa samaya pallavadezameM virAjamAna bhagavAn marihanemi ke nikaTa pANDavoMne binadIkSA lI thI, usI samaya ina dravir3a rAjAoMne bhI munivrata dhAraNa kiyA thaa| pANDavoMke sAtha tapa tapakara yaha mI zatrujayagirise munna huye the|' bhagavAna bhariSTanemika tIrtha hI kAmadeva nAmakumAra huve the| nAgakumArakA mitra mathurAkA rAjakumAra mahAvyAla thaa| yaha mahAvyAla pAMDyadeza gayA thA aura pANDya gajakumArIko vyAha sAyA thaa|' isake pazcAta ma0 pArzvanAthake tIryakAlameM karakaNDa rAmA huye the, jinhoMne ce, cola aura pANDya gajAoMko yuddha meM parAsta kiyA thaa| karakaNDuko yaha jAnakara hAnika duHkha huA thA ki ve gajA cainI the| unhoMne unase kSamA cAhI aura unakA rAjya unheM denA cAhA; parantu ve apane putroko gajyAdhikArI banAkara svayaM jaina muni hogaye the| ina ullekhoMme cera, cola, pANDya gajyokA mAcIna mastitva hI nahIM balki unake rAjAbhoM kA jainadhamAMnuyAyAM honA bhI spaSTa hai| dakSiNAmAratameM aru tara parvata, eMvara male, nirumUrti parvata ityAdi 1-paMDusumA ti gA vi rihANa bhkoriyo| hetubapa giritAre ginaNagayA Namo tesiM // " 2-'gaMmora vipaduduhiNi gAu-da hiNamAhiu parirA' -NAyakumAracaritAra 3-41. pRSTha 79-80 /

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sthAna aise hai jinase pragaTa hotA hai ki vahAM pAyAdi prAcIna mahApuruSa pahuMce the| dakSiNake ina nInoM rAjyoM meM pANDya gavya pradhAna thaa| rAja takI apekSA hI nahIM balki sabhyatA pANya raajy| aura saMskRtika kAraNa pANDapakSako harI asa myAna hai| unakA eka dIrghakAlIna gajma yA mora usameM unoMne dezako gyUSa hI samRddhizAlI banAyA thaa| pANDyagaya bhani pAnI kAmame gemavAnake sAtha vyApAra karanA thaa| kahA jAtA hai ki pAMDyAjAne mana 2560 10 meM agaSTama mInarake darabAra meM duta maje cha / yahI mogoM ke sAtha nama zramaNAcArya bhI yanAna gaye the| yanAnameM bhAratIya ruparekI bahuta kharata thii| gemana graMthakAra pATara vInasakA isa bAtakA mandeha thA ki yUnAnI maNiyAM bhAgnIya paridhAna pahana nirlajjatAkI doSI hotI hai / vaha mAratakI manamako 'yunI huI pabana ke nAmame pukAratA hai| binI evaM mana yUnAnI lekhana zikAyata kI hai ki yUnAnakA karor3oM rupayA vigasitAkI vastuoM mRlpameM yUnAnase mArata calA pAtA hai| usa samaya I, Una aura rezamake kapaDe banate the| unake boMne sabase naphIsa cUhoMkI una ginI jAtI thii| khamake kAdetIsa prakarake the / sArAMza yaha ki pAMDya gavatAkATameM hAM vilA, kalA aura vijJAnakI khUba umati kii| 1-jamIso. mA. 25 pRSTha 88-89|2-jmiiso. mA.18 pR. 21313-hissA.,mA02 pRSTha 2933-mAi, pRSTa 287-288 -- - - - - -- --

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samita va vijnyaas| pAkA rAjake samavaye sarvAt IsvI pUrva tIsarI zatAbdimeM pANDava dekha pAnIkA sIkAva bAyA pANya vijy| thA, jisameM kumArI aura paharUli nAmaka nadiyoM kA madhyavartI pradeza jala. mama hogayA thaa| apanI isa patikI pUrti pANDya gajane cokacera rAjAmoMka kunhura aura muttura nAmaka nikopara adhikAra jamAkara kI thii| isa vijayake kAraNa yaha pANDyarAma nAlantara tiruvIra pANDyan kahalAye the| inhIM ke samaya meM dvitIya * saMgam sAhitya pariSada huI thii| pANDayavaMzakI isa muka zAkhAke matirikta do anya zAkhA mokA bhI patA calatA hai| IsvI pArakuruke pANjya : prathama zatAbdimeM madhuga pANDyavaMzake eka deva pANDya nAmaka rAmakumAra taubva dezAntargata bArakurumeM mA base the| aura vahIM kisI jainIkI yAse unakA vyAha humA thaa| kAlAntarameM vaha bArakuruko rAjapAnI banAkara zAsanAdhikArI huye the / inake uttarAdhikArI inake mAnaje bhUtAna paNDya the jo kadama samrAT bhAdhIna rAjya karane ye / isI samayase pAya deza nija putra ke sthAnapara mAnajeko uttarAdhikArI hone kA niyama pracamti huA thaa| bhUtAlake pazcAt kramamA vidyuta pANDya (san 14890), bIra pANya (san 262 10 taka), citravIrya pANDA (san 28110) devavIra pANyA 1-pAI., mA. 1 pRSTa 38-39 /

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bhAndha-sAmrAjya (san 20060), bambIra pANya (san 31660) aura jayavIra gajya (san 343 60) ne rAjya kiyA thaa| isake bhAge isa mANyavaMzakA patA nahIM claa|' pANyavaMzakI eka dUsarI zAkhA kArakanameM gajyAdhikArI thii| jisa samaya taulA dezakA zAsana kArakalake pANya / kApiTTa raggaDa kara rahA thA, usa samaya prajA usake duHzAsanake kAraNa usa gaI thI / bhAgyavazAna kArakalame hambucake zAsaka jinadattarAyake baMzana maigya pANDya maDanidrI nIrthakI yAtrA karake mA nikle| dukhI pramAne unase jAkara apanI dukha gAthA kahI / bhairava pANyAne hagADako bulAkara mamajhAyA, parantu usapara unake samajhAnekA kucha bhI masara nahIM huA / haThAta unhoMne haMgaDeko yudaye parAsta kara usake pradezapara adhikAra jamAyA / inake uttarAdhikArI kAraka mAraha aura nimnalimbita gAmoMne vahAM makara rAjyazAsana kiyA thaa| (1) pAkhya debarama yA pANba cakravartI, (2) lokanAya devamsa. (3) vIra pAya devagsa, (5) gamanAtha marasa, (5) merarama moDaya. (6) bAra pANDya bhairama boya. (7 maminama pANyadeva, (8)hiriva bhairavanaya ADeya, (9.) hammari maigvagaya, 10)pAMtyappa oDeya, (11) hammara megavagavA (12) gamanAya aura (13) vIra 1-asibhA., mA. 3Ni 3 pRSTha 92 / 20493 /

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- ~..... . 118] saMmita jaina itihAsa / pANDya rAjyame usa samaya dhArmika sahiSNutA bhI pracuramAtrAye vidyamAna thii| 'maNimekhale' nAmaka dhrm| nAmika mahAkAvyameM eka sthala para eka nagarake varNanameM kahA gayA hai ki pratyeka dhamalayakA dvAra hara bhakta ke liye khulA rahanA cAhiye / pratyeka dhamA. cAryako apane middhAMtoM kA pracAra aura zAsArtha karane denA caahiye| isa taraha nagarameM zAMti aura AnaMda bar3hane diijiye|" yahI vajaha thI ki usa samaya brAhmaNa, jaina aura bauddha tInoM dharma pracalita horahe the| logoMmeM jaina mAnyatAyeM khUba ghara kiye huye thIM, yaha bAta 'maNimekhale' aura * zIlAdhikAram ' nAmaka mahAkAvyoM par3hanese spaSTa hojAtI hai / 'maNimekhale meM brAhmaNoM kI yajJazAlAmA, jenIkI mahAna palliyoM (hermitages). zavoMka vizrAmoM aura baudoMke saMghAgamokA sAtha-sAtha varNana milatA hai / yaha bhI ina kAvyoma pragaTa hai ki pAbya aura cola rAnAmoMne jana aura bauddha dharmoko apanAyA yo / madhurA jaina dharmakA mukhya kendra thaa| 'maNimekhale kA mukhya pAtra kovalana apanI patnI mahita 1-jaimAI., pRSTha 29 / 2-busTa', pRSTha 3 / 1-"It would appear that there was then perfoot religious toleration, Jainism advancing mo far as to be embruood by monubors of tho reyal family......The epios give one the impre ssion that there two (Jain & Buddhist) religions woro patronised by the Chola aswell as by tho Pandym Kings."-pAIje. pR 46-47

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mAna sAmAna jisa samaya madhurAko mArahA thA to mArgameM eka jainIne umeM sAbapAna kiyA thA ki ve vahAM pahuMcakara kisI jIvako pIDA na pahuMcAyeM aura na hiMsA kareM, kyoMki vahAM niryanya ( mainI ) ise pApa batAte haiN| puharanagarameM naba indrotsaba huA to rAjAne saba hI sampradAyoMko nimaMtrita kiyA / jenI bhI pahuMce aura apanA dharmopadeza diyA, jisake phajApa anekAneka manuSya jaina dharma dIkSita huai| 'gIrappadhikAramAdhyame pragaTa hai ki umake mukhya pAtra madhugakI yAtrA karane gaye the| madhumapa mamaya tIrtha samajhA jAtA thaa| vahAM pAsameM aneka jana guphAyeM thIM, jinameM jaina muni tapasyA kiyA karate the| 'bhAgavanA kathAkAra meM prATa hai ki ma. mahAvIrake upaganta vahAMpara eka mugumAcArya nAmake mahAna sAdhu huye the|' madarAkI yAtrAko calakara ve pAtra pahale jaina sAdhumAMko eka 'pali' ce Thahare the| vahAM cikane maMgamAmAkA cavRtaga thA. namapase jenAcArya upadeza diyA karate the| unhAna usakI parikramA de bandanA kii| vahAMse calakara una kAverI nadIka taTapA AryikAoM kA bhAzrama milA / devandhi bhAyikA mukhya thI, vaha bhI unake sAtha holii| jaina bhAyikAoM kA prabhAva usa samaya tAmika bIsamAjame khuba thaa| mAge kAvargake bIca TApUmeM bhI unhoMne jaina sAdhuke darzana kiye / sArAMza yaha ki una Thaura-TorapAra jaina muniyoM aura mAryikAki darzana hote the| isase vahAM jainadharmakA bahu pracalita honA saSTa hai| 1- 1-18|2-vaisaaii.8 29|3-maa.|

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13.] saMti va itihAsa / cola pradezakA nAma colamaNDala bhA, jisakA apamaMza koro maNDala hogyaa| usake uttarame pelAra maura cola raajy| dakSiNameM vellAru nadI thii| pazcimameM yaha gajya kurgakI sImAtaka pahuMcatA thaa| arthAt isa rAjyameM madarAsa, maisUrakA bahunasA ilAkA aura pUrvIsAgara taTapara sthita bahutame bhanya briTiza jile mile hue the| prAcInakAlameM isa gajavakI gajadhAnI ugaIUra ( puganI nRcanApalI ) thii| aura taba isakA pazcimake mAya bahuta vistRta vyApAra thaa| tAmila logoMke jahAja mAgnamahAmAgara nayA basAlakI khAr3ImeM dura-dura taka jAte the| kAverIppumapahanama isa dezakA bar3A baMdaragAha thaa| colarAjAoma pramukha kArikala nAmakA rAjA thA jisane laMkApara bhAkramaNa kiyA thA aura kAverIkA bAgha bAMdhA thaa| isa gajAkI nAma apekSA eka jinAlaya bhI sthApita kiyA gayA thA, jisase isa rAjAkA janadharmaprimI honA sahI pANDya aura cola rAjyoM ke samAna hI ra mathavA kerala rAjya thaa| cara rAjAoM ke itihAsa vizeSa cera raajy| ulekhanIya bAta yaha hai ki unake rAjyakAlameM dehAMtakA zAsana adhikAMza prajAtantra nibamoMpara calAyA jAtA thA, jisakA prabhAva sAre rAjyapara par3A huNA thaa| gAMvoM bhija mina samAyeM prabandha gora 1-kAbhAi* pRSTa 291-292 / 2-mAI.,mA.2 pRSTa 38 //

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mAnna sAmAnya [21 vicAra sambandhI adhikAroMkA upayoga karatI thiiN| eka samaya kogunADu pradeza mI ra rAjyake pantargata thA, jisameM vartamAnakA phohammadara jikA, salemakA dakSiNa-pazcimI bhAga, tricanApalI bilekA kamara tAluka bhaura maduga jilekA pavanI tAluka garmita baa| kavi bhAnagirinAthAne koMgu dezapara cara adhikArakA ullekha kiyA hai| balulorake zilAlekha meM kokAnuna ravi aura ravi ko? nAmaka cera gajAoMkA ulekha hai| prAcInakAla cara rAjA ati prabhAvazAlI ye mora unakA sambandha uttara bhArata ke rAmAmoMse thaa| samrAT zreNikane eka kerala gajAkI sahAyatA kI thI, yaha pahale likhA jA cukA hai| isameM bhI pahale hastinApurake kururAmake sahAyakakAMgu aura karNATaka gajA the| cA gajabakAla meM bhI dhArmika udAratA ulekhanIya shrii| eka hI ghameM jaina aura zeva sAtha-sAtha dhrm| hane the| zIlappaSitAmma' kAyake kattAM caM gajakumAra isanaNebavigala banI the, jabaki unake mAI saMgutubana eka zeva the| to bhI usa samaya ca dazake nivAsiyoM na dharmakA khUba hI pracAra thaa| haimbI pahalI isaga zatAniye kAMgu dezake pahale tIna cara gamAnoMke 1-DAmA0, pRSTa 292 / 2-jamImA0, mA. 21 pRSTa 39-1. / 3-'bahiM mammohanAbAbA mAhabaTakakokha sababbara / mayaMga kuMga vegaDhivi gujagoDaLATakamArabi / ' -mavisayatakAe sAmaH sndhiH| 4-sAiMba, mA. 1 pRSTha 46-47 /

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saMkSika kSetra ivikssn| gurU jenAcArya the, balki pAMcavI zatAbdi taka usa baMzake rAjA gurU jenI ho rahe / cera rAjA kumAra inako mAdigalake pitAmaha eka mahAvIra the / eka yuddha meM unakI pIThameM ghAtaka bhASAta phuNcaa| unhoMne apanA anta samaya nikaTa jAnakara sallekhanA vrata svIkAra kiyA thaa| rAjakumAra igobarddha mA jaina muni huye the| koMgu dekhaye aneka prAcIna sthAna se haiM jinase prAcInakAlameM na dharmakA bahu pracAra spaSTa hotA hai| vijiyamaGgalam nAmaka sthAnapara candraprabha tIrtharakA eka jaina maMdira hai| usameM pAMcoM pANDavoMkI tathA bhagavAn RSabhadevakI bhI mRtiyAM haiN| maMdirake pAMcaveM bar3e kamarece pattharameM AdIzvara bhagavAnako jIvana paTanAyeM pArita haiN|' ima prakAra ina tInoM draviDa gajyoMmeM prAcInakAla se jaina dharma pradhAna rahA thA / ina rAjavaMzoka rAjatvakA krama yaha thA ki pahale. cokarAja pradhAna the; unake bAda cera rAjAmoM kA pAvalya rahA / mantameM pANyarAja pramukha sattAdhIza huye / pANDayoM ke uparAnta pallava. cAlu. kyAvikI pradhAnatA huI thI. jinakA itihAsa mAge likhA jaaygaa| drAviDa rAjAboMke rAjatvakAlameM tAmiLadezakA vyApAra mI ___ khUba unnatipara mhA thA / nissandeha dkssinnbyaapaar| bhAratakA vyApAra taba eka bhAra uttarabhAratase hotA thA to dUsarI bAra yorupaka dezoMse bhI 1-paisAI0, pRSTha 29-30 va gaimaku., mA0 1 pRSTha 370 / 2-mIyo0, mA. 2918-11 /

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Andhra saamraajy| [123 vahAMkA vyApAra khuba calatA thaa| Ura (Tr) se prAcIna nagarake dhvaMsAvazeSoMmeM jaitUnakI lakar3I milI hai jo malAvArame vahAM pahuMcI anumAna kIjAtI hai| sona', bhotI. hAthIdAMta, cAvala, mirca mora. laMga mAdi vantuyeM dakSiNamAratakI upaja thIM jo dAvir3a jahAjoMmeM lAdakara bilana, mizra, yUnAna aura gemako bhejI jAnI thiiN| isa vyApArakA mastitva IvI pUrva 7 vI yA 8 vI zatAbdime bhI paha. lekA pramANita hotA hai|' romana sike tAmilanADume upalabdha hue haiM, jinase tAmika dezameM pazcimAtya vyApAriyoM kA bhanitva siddha hotA hai| una loga 'yavana' kahate the aura ina yavanoMkA ullekha kaI nAmira ka vyomeM hai| tAmijarAjAgaNa hana vidaziyAko mapanI phaujale bharatI kAna the aura unake AtmAkSaka bhI yaha hone the| kAverI yamanamameM ina yavanoM kA eka upaniveza thA nAmiloM kA hana-sahana aura dainika jIvana mAdhA-sAdA thaa| unakI pozAka samAjameM vyaktigata pratiSThA sNskRti| aura mayAMdAka anumAra bhinna-bhinna yo| madhyazreNI ke loga bahudhA dI varUpa dhAraNa karane the| eka vAkI va apane miAse lapeTa lene va bhora dusareko kama se bAMdha lene the| sainikaloga bagdI pahanane the| sAdA loga mausamake anukUla vastra pahanane the| lar3akoMkI zAdI 16 varSakI unameM paura lar3akiyoMkI 12 varSakI avasthA honI thI ! vivAha ke liye yahI umra TIka samajhI gAtI thI! mRta vyaktiyoMke dAhasthAnopara 1-himAla pRSTha 158.... 2-4mIso. mA. 18 pRSTha 213 /

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124] saMkSita jaina itihAsa / maMdira aura niSadhi banAnekA mI khiAja thaa| saMgrAmameM vIragatiko prApta huye yoddhAoMkI smRtimvarUpa 'vIrapASANa' banAye jAne the jo 'vIragala' kahalAne the aura unapA lemva bhI rahate the|' tAmila jAtiyoM ke rAjanaitika niyama bhI mAdarza the| rAjAko rAjyaprabandhameM sahAyatA karane mora ThIkarAjanaitika prbNdh| ThIka vyavasthA karAne ke liye pAMca prakA kI sabhAyeM thI arthAt (1) maMtriyoMkI sabhA, (2) pugehinoMkI sabhA, (3) sainika adhikAriyoMkI sabhA, (4) rAjadanoMkI mamA aura (5) guptacaroMkI sabhA / ina sabhAoMmeM kucha sadasya janatAke bhI rahate the| usapara paNDitoM aura sAmAnya vidvAnoMko adhikAra thA ki jisa samaya cAheM apanI sammati pragaTa kreN| uparokta sabhAoMmeM pahalI sabhAkA kArya mahakame mAla aura dAvAnIkA prabandha karanA thaa| dUsarI sabA sabhI dhArmika saMskAgeko sampanna karAne ke liye niyukta thii| tIsarI sabhAkA kartavya jisakA nAyaka senApati hotA thA, senAkI samucita vyavasthA rakhanA thaa| zeSa do samAnoMke sadasya rAjAko maMdhi-vigrahAdi viSayaka parAmarza dete the| gAMvoM ke prabandha ke liye gAMva paMcAyateM thiiN| nyAya niHzulka diyA jAtA thA-bhAjakalakI taraha usake liye korTaphIsa meM 'sTAmpa' nahIM lagatA thaa| daNDa vyavasthA kar3I thI-isI kAraNa apAya bhI kama hote the| 1-amIso* mA0 18 pRSTa 214 / 2-chAmAi* pRSTha 289 va bamoso. bhA. 18 pRSTha 214-215 /

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bAndhra sAmAnyA [126 tAmika rAjAoM ke samabameM zikSAkA khupa prabAra thA / siyAM bhI AtaMtratApUrvaka viSAdhyayana karatI maahity| bii| unameM kaI miyAM macchI kaviyatrI bhii| vidvattA bhI kevala ucca varNaka logoM taka sImita na thii| harakoI apanI buddhi-kauzalakA pradarzana kara sakatA thaa| una koTika sAhityakA nirmANa ThIka ho aura sAhitya pragatiko protsAhana mile, isaliye eka * saMpama ' nAmakI samA sthApita thii| jisameM udbhaTa vidvAn gaura rAjA racanAmoMkI samAlocanA kara una pramANatA dene the| isa saMghamkAla ke jagamaga pacAsa bhanaTa tAmiLa graMtha bhAjataH upalabdha hai jo itihAsa liye mahatvakI cIma hai| janAcArya bhI isa saMgham' meM bhAga lene the aura nAminakA bhArambhika sAhitya madhikAza jainAcAryokA RNI hai / pANDaya gajA 'pANDiyana Tharga paika voTi ne isa maMghama mamA ulaMbIya mAga liyA thA / unI samakSa nAmilakA prasiddha kAvya 'kula' saMghamameM upita kiyA gayA thA aura mvIkRta humA thaa| usa samaya 48 mahAkavi vidyamAna / 'kurala' anAcAryakI racanA hai, yaha hama bhAge pragaTa kreNge| usa samaya eka tAmila kaviyitrI manavaiyyAra nAmaka thii| usane rAjAkI prazaMsA eka muMdara racanA racI thii| tAmila rAjyameM vaidikadharma aura bauddhadharma matirikta jainadharma 1-mAi* pRSTa 289-29. jamIso. mA* 18 pRSTa 215 // 2-mamamAmA* pRSTa 1.5 /

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saMmita ItihAsa bhI eka prAcInakAlame pracalita thaa| san dhrm| 138 meM vahAM alekjenDiyAme panTenasa nAmaka eka IsAI pAdarI mAyA thaa| usane likhA hai ki vahAM usane zramaNa (jaina mAdhu ), brAhmaNa aura bauddha gurugoMko demvA thA, jinako bhAratavAmI khUba pUjane the, kyoMki unakA jIvana pavitra thaa| usa samaya jainI apane prAcIna nAma 'zraNa' nAmase hI prasiddha the, yaha bAta saMgam graMthoM yathA maNimembale, zIlapadhikAram mAdike dambanese spaSTa hojAtI hai / nimpandeha 'zramaNa' zanakA prayoga pahale pahale bhaniyoMne apane sAdhunoMke liye kiyA thaa| uparAnta bauddhoMne bhI usa zanako gRhaNa kara liyA aura unake sAdhu 'zAkyaputrIya zramaNa' nAmame prasiddha hue the| dakSiNamAratake mAhitya-anyoM aura zilAlekhoMmeM sarvatra zramaNa' zabdakA prayoga janoM ke liye humA milatA hai| zramaNa aura zramaNo. pAsaka logoM kI saMkhyA vahAM prAcInakAlameM atyadhika thii| 1-babesmA* pRSTa 142 / 2-"The Jainus used the term 'Sramana' prior w the Buddhists is also conclusively proved by the faot that the latter stylod themselves 'Sakyaputtiya' Sramanas as distinguished from the already existing Nigganth Srananas." -Buddist India p. 143. selves is the fact that is also a

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dakSiNa bhAratakA jaina saMgha / DO jainiyoM meM saMpa-paramparA ati prAcIna hai| jaina sAsoMse patA calatA hai ki nAdi tIrthakara RSabhadeva ke samaya meM hI usakA janma hogayA thA / RSabhadeva ke saMpameM muni, mAryikA zrAvaka maura bhAvikA, saM meLita the| vaha saMgha vibhina gaNoMmeM vibhAjita thA, yaha bAta isame pramANita hai ki chAtroM meM RSa bhadeva ke kaI gaNavarokA ullekha hai parantu una gaNoMmeM paraspara koI mArmika meda nahIM thaa| unakA pRthak astitva kevaka saMgha vyavasthAkI suviSA ke liye thA / jaina saMghakI yaha vyavasthA, mAluma hotA hai bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samaya taka akSuNa rUpame calI bhAI thI, kyoMki jaina evaM bauddha granthoMse yaha pragaTa hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIrakA apanA jaina saMghakI prAcInatA aura usakA svruup| 1 - RSabhadevake 84 gaNakA mahatva sabhI banI mAnate haiN| dekhA gae, mA0 2 pR0 81 / 2- sU0 bha0 pRSTha 113-121 / 3-yoprantha ' doSanikAya ' meM ma0 mahAbo ke viSa yame eka ullekha nikAra hai: - "jayam deva nigaMTho nAtaputAM ghI caba gaNI ca gaNAcAryo ca jJAto yasassAM, titvakarI sAdhu sammato basa rattassu cirapabyajito baddhagato vayomanupattA ||" ( mA0 11048-49 ) / isa ullekha meM nirbhaya jhAlatra ( ma0 mahAvIra ) ko saMghakA netA baura gaNAcArya likhA hai, jisase spaSTa hai ki ma0 mahAvo kA saMgha thA bora usameM gaNa bhI the / .....

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13.] maMmita jaina itihAsa / saMgha thA jo gaNoMmeM vipakta pAindramati gautama nAdi gvArA gaNA una gaNoM kI mAra-saMpAna karate the| kintu pramAki isa vAcIna maMkA gama meSa aura kirAyeM kyA thI ? kheda hai ki isa prathA pUrNa aura yathArtha uttara denA eka pacAse asaMbhava hai, kyoMki aise koI bhI sAvana ugalana nahIM haiM jinase usa prAcIna kAsakA prAmANika aura pUrNa paricaya prApta hoske| parantu taumI svayaM digambara evaM zenAmA jena zatroM aura brAmaNa evaM bauddha anyoM tathA bhAratIya purAtatva yaha spaSTa hai ki prAcIna-bhagavAna 1-mahApugaNa, uttara pugaNa, tathA mahAcAgadi pranya dekhiye| 2-'kalpasUtra meM likhA hai ki ma0RSabhadeva uparAnta yathAbAta-manameSa meM rahe the aura yahI bAta bha. mahAvIra ke viSaya meM usa grantha meM likhI huI hai| 3-'bhAgavata' meM RSabhadevako digambA mAdhu likhA hai| (bhama. pRSTha 38) mAvAlopaniSad mAdi itara upaniSadoMmeM 'yathAjAtarUpadhara nigrantha' sAdhumokA ullekha hai |(dimu.pR078) Rgveda (10 / 136), barAhamihira saMhitA ( 19461) mAhimeM bhI jana muniyoMko na dikhaaii| 4-mahAyAga 8,15,3 / 1,38,16, cullabaga 8,28,3, saMyuttanikAya 2,3,10,7. jAtakamALA (S. B. B. I) pR0 14, divyAvadAna pR0 165, vizAmbAvasthu-dhamma- pada-kathA (P. T. S., Vol. I) bhA0 2 10 384 ityAdi jaina muniyoM ko nna likhaa| 5-mohanajodageke sarva prAcIna purAtatvameM zrI RSamadeva sI becinayukta khagAsana nagana martiyAM mudrAbora kita hai ( mAri. bagasta 1932) mauryakArako prAcIna mati nahI hai (besimA. mA. 3 pR. 17) /

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dakSiNa bhAratakA jaina-megha / 11 - 1. mahAbIra se bhI prAcIna jaina saMgha ke sAdhu nadma-pathaH jAtarUpameM te the- vaha bhanaudezika mojana dinameM ekabAra karane the- nimaMtraNa svIkAra nahIM karane the-janopakA meM tallIna rahate the| basatI se bahuta dura ekAMtavAsa karane the| zrAvaka aura zraviAyeM unakI bhakti - vaMdanA karate the| unameM se pramukha mahApuruSoMkI meM mUrtiyAM aura niviSikAyeM banAkara unakI bhI pUjA kiyA karate the| vratI bhAvaka zveta vastra pahanA karane the| pakI yaha rUparekhA bhI bha0 mahAvIra ke saMke sAdhAraNataH prAcIna jaina dakSiNa bhArata meM nAdi nIkara RSabhadeva dvArA hI jainadharmakA pracAra hogayA thA / yaha pahale likhA jA cukA hai| aura cUMki RSabhadeva svayaM digambara bameM rahe the, isaliye dakSiNa bhAratIya jaina saMghake mAdhugaNa bhI unhIMkI taraha nama meSameM vicarate the| dakSiNa bhAratakI prAcIna mUrtiyoMse yahI pragaTa hai ki usa samaya ke jaina sAdhugaNa nama rahate the| ve sAdhugaNa apane prAcIna nAma 'bhramaNa' se prasiddha the aura jaina saMgha 'nirgranthasaMgha' kahalAtA thaa| tAmilake prAcIna kAvyoMse spaSTa hai ki unake racanAkAlameM digambara jaina dharma hI dakSiNa bhAratameM pracalita thA / vijJAnoMkA mata hai ki samrAT candragupta mauryyake guru zrutakebalI madra dakSiNa bhAratIya jaina saMgha / 1- mamavu0 pR0 61-69 / 2-mamabu0 pR0 60-61 / 3 - mesmA * pRSTha 15, 41, 12, 61, 69, 74 va 107 0 bhUmikA va citra dekho| 4 - sAI pR0 47 va jesAI0 pR0 40 /

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112] sNhitaas| bArI sApa hI bena dharmA praveza dakSiNa bhAkha dumA panta ana mAnyatA anupAra dakSiNa bhAratakA jena saMgha itanA hI pAcIna thA, jitanA ki uttara bhAratakA bena saMgha thaa| vahI bAbIki uttara nakAma par3ane para parmagbA bhAvame bhadrabAhu svAmI apane saMghako lekara dakSiNa bhAratako cale Aye the| unakA hI saMca zALaupameM dakSiNakA pahalA digambara ana saMgha pramANita hotA hai| isake pahale gaura kauna-kauna jana saMgha the, hamakA patA lagAnA isa samaya duSkara / / yaha saMgha muni, nAyikA, bhAvaka aura zrAvikArUpa cAroM bhAgoM meM baMTA humA suvyavasthita thaa| dAvida logoMmeM isakI khUba hI mAnyatA thii|' vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki drAvir3a loga prAyaH nAgajAtike vaMzaja the| jisa samaya nAgarAjAboM kA zAsanAdhikAra dakSiNa bhAratakA thA, usa samaya nAgalogoMke bahutase rIti-rivAja aura saMskAra drAvir3oM ghara kara gaye the / nAgapUjA unameM bahu pracalita thii| jaina tIrthaMkaroM meM do supAzva bora vAkI mUrtiyAM nAgamUrtiyoM kA f-" The fact that the Juina community had a perfect organisation behind it shows that it was not only popular but that it had takon deep root in the soil. The whole oommunity, we loarn from the opics, was divided into two sections, the Sravakas or laynen and the Munis or ascetios. The privilege of enter ing the monastery was not denied to women and both mon and womon took vows of celibacy."

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daki -kA 15 mArazya gatI thI aura jenoMkI pApaNA mI gati sarala kii| hAvidoMne usako sahame hI apanA liyA yA ! natI karaNaviza pUjA vIra niSi sthApana prabhAkA mI una logoM kA thaa|' pariNAma svarUpa isa prAcIna kAla meM jainI upaganta.. sAThavIM zatAbdime kahIM jyAdA sammAnya aura prtiske| tAmika mahAkAvyome tatkAsana bena saMpalI krigoMDA ThIka paricaya milatA hai| uname pragaTa 10 saMpakI ruuprelaa| nirgandha sAdhugaNa pramoM aura nagare bAhara palliyoM kA vihAra gate, ko jAtaka chAbAme yukta mora kA raMgase putI ho unI dIgoM the| unake mAge choTe-choTe bagIce mI rote the| unake maMdira tigo mora caugoM para bane hote the| unake gAne para karma bane huye the jina parame baha pomdeza diyA sane the| vihAro mAba mAtha hI mAvikAyoMki vinAma bhI humA Darate the, jinase pragaTa hai ki tAmila sI samAjAnI bhAbihAbora kAphI prabhAva kaa| coloMDI rAjadhAnI ka mahinam, saba jAyerI vaTapara sthita upayu-meM gopanIya patiyAM aura kisa / mAga bena saMghakA kendra vaa| yahAM mavikaTa guphAgove aura f 1-mA . 18-R; sAI. 128....1 --upADavAyo a kA vivAmokA mora zAmeM maareN| (eg. pa.) 2-bAIka., mA. . .

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134] saMkSiA jaina itihAsa / muniyoMka gAvAsakA patA calatA hai| ve munigaNa digambara marti yokI vaMdanA karate the. yaha bAta una guphAmoMmeM milI huI pratimAmausamaTa ! tAmiLa bAyome pragaTa hai ki tabake nainI bahada bhagavAna kI bhavya mUrtikI pUjA kiyA karate the| vaha mUrti aksara tana satramA azoka vRkSase maMDita yApana huA karatI thii| ghe na disambara the, yaha unake varNanase spA tathA ve rAjyamAnya bhI the| "maNamekhale" se jaina siddhAMta ke usa samaya pracalita Ki bhI digdarzana hotA hai| usameM jaina siddhaaNt| likhA hai ki "manimekhalAne nigaMTa (nibandha) se pUchA ki tumhAre devakIna 1aura tumhAre dharmazAlA kyA likhA hai ! usane yaha bhI pUchA kilo padAdhIkI utpati aura binA kisa taraha hotA ! usameM nigama ne batAyA ki unake deva indrodArA pUjya hai aura ina batAye huye dharmaza srome ina viSayoM kA vivecana hai| varSa, bhadharma, kAsa, mAkAza. jIva, zAsvata parama gu. puNya, pa, inake hAga racita baMdha aura isa varmadhame mukta hone kA mArga / padArtha apane hI mAse manA para padAki saMyogavatI prabhAvAnusAra manitvamA nitya hai| eka mAtrake samaya meM unakI tInoM dayA 1-mamerAmA, . 1.7||2-maaii., mA0 11.8 // . "That these Jains were tho Digamlarus is alearly soon from their description. "-BLJ. P. 3-sAIba0, mA. 1.50-51 / - -

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dakSiNa bhAratakA jaina saMgha / - [ 131 utpAda, vyaya, ghoSa hotA hai| hare canako aura cIjo sAtha milAkara miTaI banAkI gaI parantu canekA svabhAva yahAM naSTa nahIM huA, yadyapi usakA rUpa badala gayA ! dharmavya hara Thaura hai aura vaha pratyeka vastuko vyavasthita gatime hamezA calAne meM kAraNa hai| isI adharmadravya pratyeka padArthahI sthira rakhane kAraNa hai aura sarva binAzako rokatA hai| kSaNa aura lAgze ma bhI hai| AkAza saba padArthoM ko sthAna detA hai| jaba eka zarIrame praveza karake pAMca indriyoM dvArA calatA, suratA, chUnA, sunatA aura dekhatA hai| eka gaNu zarIrarUpa athavA manyarUpa ( aneka pANuoMva milakara ) ho bAtA hai| puNya aura pApamaI ko zratako genA, saMcita kA pariNAma bhugatA denA aura sarva kacana mukta hojAnA maM hai|" 6 menasiddhAMukA yaha rUpa ThIka vaisA hI hai jaisA ki Aja vaha miLa hA hai| acchA to, bahAka ke vivecana me yaha spaSTa hai ki dakSiNa mAradigambaradharma hI prAcInakAla se zvetAmbara jaino / pracalita thA aura usakI mAnyatA bhI janasamudAya meM vizeSa thii| kintu prazna baha hai ki zvetAmbara sampradApake jaidI dakSiNa bhArata meM kaba pahuMce ! isa praznakA uttara dene ke liye jaina saMghake ina donoM sampadAkA utpattikAla hame smaraNa rakhanA caahie| yaha sarvamAnya hai ki janasaMgha mevakI jar3a mauryakAlameM hI par3a gaI thii| uttarabhAratameM rahe huve saMghaveM zivikAcAra praveza kara gayA thA maura usa saMpake sAmane ba

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1] apan pAnanA bhI nAma diyA kintu jaba mAlIna bhadrabAhu saMkha nama sAdhugaNa uttama jAya to bApa meM saMgharSa gasthita hamA ne prayatna huye pantu samajhautA nhumaa| duSkAlale viAibAko prApta huye sAdhunoMne apanI mAnyatAokA poSaNa karanA bama kara diyaa| zurumeM moMne eka khaMDAmahI bajA vikAsAle sipApa kiyA-se baha rahe pAcIna smyehii| sa madhuga pugatalaye kaNa nAmaka eka muni mAne hAyapara eka rakAye huve nama meSako chupate eka bAbAgapaTa meM dAMva go / ' bIre pare jaise samaya bar3hanA gayA yaha matamena aura 4 sarogayA aura mAliIsvI pahalI zatAbhimeM presa saMghameM digambara govApara meda viskula eTa homa'hI kAraNa hai ki bAgtake prAcIna sAhitya aura pugatavarSe hameM zvApara saMpadAvakA malevanI pilatA hai| kahA jAtA hai ki maurya naT sammati dakSiNa bhArata jainadharma kA pracAra karAyA thA; pantu yaha nahIM kahA bAsakA ki uma dharmakA rUpa dazakA! hamAre spAlase vaha vahI ronA cAhiye jo uparokta tAmiLa kAya cibita kiyA gyaa| yadi dharma tAmika kAvyomenima dharmame mitra thA, to kahanA hogA kisampati dvArA bheje gayedho dezakoM ko dakSiNa saphalatA nahIM mila zrI. tAmmarIba zAmoMme pagaTa hai ki navakAcArya paThanake rAjAce guru.the; nimA ma yaha hogA ki vaha bAdha dezataka dhuMne 1-dA* pRSTha 25-Ta. 10 / 2-41. mA. 3.

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ImatIrI tAmitA pAyA. mAser3A kintubAnIhA bAyA ki nAvAne sAthI kI sA. eka sAsa sopA mAra na saMpaNa -mitA' panha sake bAda kara sabakA koI bhI bhaiyA tarIke bahupasiddha saMpale uparAMta zAsana bihina pathake usa digambara mekamIparasenAcArya saMghakA patA catA , meM bhImevA. ke samabameM mahimA nagame sNbibhuut-udaar| ti humaayaa| ga nagarI vartamAna manAga jilA mahimAnagara ' nAmaka bAba pragaTa hotA hai| isa saMpane parAmarza karake mozastha veNyAta ksase do sA -pAragAmo evaM tIvaNabudire pAsa muni puMga. jopAsanAcArya niAra ana madhyayana ke liye megA thaa| zrIparamezacarya usa samaya saudA sira nagA ginigAke nira khagupha meM virAjamAna the| Tapoka donoM ziSyo nAma umra samaya: bhUmi ko putAMta gAye the aura unani unako 'marameSatipAmRta' nAmaka anya mI par3hA diyA thaa| uparAMta bhopAsanAcAryajIne una donoM nAbAyoko binA kiyA, jinhoMne (mora nimAra varmA batIta kiyaa| 1 . mA.1.10 21 /

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.308] binavisa yogako samAna karake tathA minAliyo dezAra pugatAcArya banavA dezako cale gaye mora mAlinI dAmila (dAvir3a) dezako pAyAna kara gye| isake bAda pudaMtAcArya ne binAvitakadIkA deDara, bIsa sUtroM (viMzati rUgNAtmaka satroM) kI racanA kara aura se sUtra binazAntiko pakAkara ume bhAvAna bhUtabalike pAsa bhejaa| manhoMne jinapAnita una vAma sUtroMko dekhA aura use bhayAnu jAnakara sApha mAvase unahoMne 'SaT sapyAgama' nAmaka graMpakI binA kii| isa samaya zrI bhUtAli bhAcArya saMbhavataH dakSiNa madurA vigajamAna the|' isa ta isa paTavaNDAgamathunake mUla maMtrakAra bhImAna mahAvIra, anutrakAra gautamasvAmI maura upatrakAra mAla-puSpadantAdi ArAyoko samajhanA cAhiye / ' ' unoMne dakSiNa bhArata ke pradhAna nAroM meM rahakara bhUnazAnI hA kI thI / dakSiNI bhI guNaparAcAryane kasAba pAhura' nAmaka zramamAvar3A sA khA kara prabacana bAsasyakA paricaya diyA thaa| ve sUragApAyeM mAcArya-pampase calakara kAryakSu aura nAgaumtI nAmake vAcAyoM ko prApta huI thI aura una donoM bhArayore ina gAvAbho / male prakAra marSa sunakara yatimAcAryane mara paniSoM kI racanA kI. jinakI saMkhyA cha hajAra loka-parimAra / uparokta donoM matrapranyoM ko lekara hI una para 'pANa' aura 'pA' nAmaka TocAye rakhI gaI thii| isapakAra kina bAra 1-simA0, 3 kiraNa para 120-128 / 2-sAtAra sayA, pA .5saMha.mA. 2 khaMDa 2 pRSTha-1piyA, mA. 3kirapRSTha 131 /

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dakSiNa bhAratakA deva-saMgha | eke jaina saMgha dva| zru-jJAnakA saM kSaNa aura prartana huA thaa| ve prantha abataka dakSiNa bhArata ke muha badrI nAmaka sthAna surakSita haiM; parantu ra unakA thor3A bahuta pracAra utara bhAratameM bhI hotA hai| zrI indranaMdi kuna nAgara' ke AdhAra yaha bAta hama pahale hI magaTa kara cuke haiM ki isa ghaTanA ke samaya jainasaMgha naMdi, deva, sena, bIra (piMDa) maura saMgha-bheda / bhadra nAmaka upasaMghoM vibhakta hogayA thaa| se vibhAga zrI maheMdra ki AcArya dvArA kiye gaye the, parantu inase koI siddhAMtameva nahIM thaa| yaha mAtra saMgha patravAkI suvidhA ke liye mahilAye gaye pratIta hone haiN| zimogA mile nagarata slo meM ma sthAna prApta zuka maM0 209 ke liye huye phanI zilAlekha ( naM0 35) se bhI rASTa hai ki madrabahusvAmI ke bAda yahAM kA *kA praveza huA thA aura usI samaya gaNameda utpanna huA thA / varSAta jainamaMtra kaI upasaMghoM yA gaNane baMTa gayA thaa| vaha isa samabar3I eka vizeSa ghaTanA thI / (259 uparAnta zrI bhadrabAhu svAmIkI paramgame anekAneka koDa mAnya, jJAna-vijJAna pAggAmI aura dharmaprabhAvaka nirdhana mAvArtha hube the| una mese isa kAlase sambandha rakhanevAle katipaya bAbAoM kA saMkSipta paricaya yahAM para diyA jAnA anugyukha mUla saMgha / 1-saMbai30 bhA0 2 khaMDa 2 pRSTha 72-73 | 1 - ...... bhadrabAhu svAmI galindazata kavikAvyarttanevi gaNameda gfigy...." -rakhA0 jIvanI pRSTha* 193 /

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180] memaa| vahIM hai| parantu sAtha hI hameM yaha bhI dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhiye ki zrI mAvArya dvArA uparyuka prakAra utsava sthApanA hone para nika uparAnta saMbhavataH una bhAcAryI nAma mapekSA 'balAtkAramaya' ke nAma se prasiddha huA thaa| kahA jAtA hai ki isI samaya girinAra parvata para tIthakI vaMdanA pahale yA pIche karaneke manako kekara digambara aura nambaroMne bAda upasthita huA thA / digamyane vahAM para sthita 'sarasvatI devI kara japanI prAcInatA aura mahatA sthApita kI thii| isI kAraNa unakA saMgha mUlasaMgha sarasvatI gaccha ke nAmase prasiddha hogayA thaa| isake bAda muje zrI kuMkuMda nAmake eka mahAn mAcArya kI mUrti mukhase kaha 4 1-00 bhA0 20 pR0 342 / digambAyako ina mAnyatAoMkA bAdhAra kevaLa madhyakALIma hai| isI kAraNa ina mAnyatAko pUrNatayA pramANika mAnA kAna hai| paraMtu sAtha hai| yaha bhI eka pati sAhasakA kAma hogA, yadi hama inako sarvathA avizvasanIya kahIM; kyoMki inameM jo pra gAthAyeM dI gaI hai vaha inakI mAnyatAoMkA prAcIna pucha karatI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki DaoN0 inake sA0 ne mI ina baliyoko sarvathA kuna nahIM kiyA thaa| yadi thor3I dene lie hama ina hAthayokI mAnyatAoMko kapokapa rUma ghoSita karadeM, to phira vaha kaunase pramANa aura sAdhana hoMge jinake AdhAra se hama 'muhasaMgha, sarasvatI kAraNa, kundakundAnvaya' bAdi sambandhI vivaraNa upasthita kara sakeMge ! isa kaye hamAre vicArase ina paTTAba kiyoM ko hameM usa samaya taka avazya mAnya karanA cAhiye ki unakA varNana |

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dakSiNapana- [151 humole bAbana DAvAsI mI sAdhugaNa apaneko mAnavI' ghoSita karane gauravakA . mava bAyaparvata pate bAre haiN| bhagavAna kundakaMvasAlI yacivakI mahAnatAko pragaTa karane ke liye paryApta hai| aise nAcArya prabAsa paricaya pAThakoM ko mArakara hogA-mAhave, umakI eka sAMkI yahAM ke dekheN| pAvana saMghameM aMtima tIrthakara 10 bAvIra parvamAna aura gaNaghara gautamasbAnI ke uparAMta bhagavAna maandindaacaary|ndkundko hI smaraNa karanekI pari pATI pracalita hai' jisase kuMdakuMdavA. mI bhAsanakI upanA spaSTa hotI hai| zilAlekhoM meM unakA nAma koNDakuMva dikhA milatA hai, jimakA udgama drAvir3a bhASA hai| umIkA zrutimadhurarUpa maMskRta sAhityameM kuMkuMra pracalita hai|' kahate hai ki ina bhAcAryapravarakA yathArtha nAma padmanaMdi thA, parantu vaha kurakuMda, vakragrIva, enAcArya mora gRdapiccha nAmoMme bhI prasiddha the| vaha kuMDakuMdra nAmaka sthAnake aSivAmI the, isI kAraNa para 1-"maMgala magAna vIro, maMgalam gautamo gaNo / maMgaLaM kundakundAyaH, banabamo'stu maMgalam // " 2-ona zilAlekhasaMgraha (mA0 .) bhUmikA dekho| 3-ekA* mA* 2 naM. 64, 66, iMai* mA0 23 pRSTa 126 / bakanISa mora gapina nAmake dUsare bAcArya milate hai / isa. liye kundakundasvAmIke ye donoM nAma vidvAnoM dvArA asviikaare| isI taraha kA ki-mAmI saMdigdha pahile devA pAnI

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141. salina itihaas| . koNanAcArya nAmase prasiddha hue the| 'boSapAmR' kundakuntasAmIne apaneko zrI bhadavAsvAmIkA zinya likhA hai| 'puNyA mAyA' graMthase spaSTa hai ki dakSiNa mAgtare pidathanADU prAMta kurumAya nAmaka gAMva, thA, jisameM kAmuNDa nAmaka eka mAladAra seTha rahatA thaa| usakI patnI zrImatI thii| uhI kokha se bhagavAna koNa. kundakA janma humA thaa| vaha janmame atizaya bayopazamako liMga huye thA / aura yuza hote hote vaha eka prakANDa paNDita hogaye the| koNDakundakA gRhampa jIvana kaisA rahA yaha kucha jJAta nahIM; parantu munivIkSA lene para vaha padmanandi nAmase prasiddha huye the-mAcArya rUpa meM yahI unakA yathArtha nAma thA / padmanandi svAmI mahAn jJAnabAna the-usa samaya unakI samakoTikA koI bhI vidvAna na thaa| videhasya zrImaMpAsvAmIke samavazaraNameM unako sarvazreSTha sAdhu ghoSita kiyA gayA thA aura vaha svayaM videha dezako zrImaMdharasvAmIkI baMdanA karake jJAna prApta karane gaye the| zivakumAra nAmaka koI nRra unake ziSya the| unhoMne bhAratameM jaina dharmakA khUba hI udyota kiyA thaa| unakA samaya IsvI prathama zatAbdikaM lagabhaga thA / drAviDa saMghase bhI unakA sambandha vA / mAkhira vaha dakSiNake hI nara sna the| kahate hai ki unhoMne 81 pAhur3a praboMkI racanA kI thI; parantu vizeSake liye pro. 9. ema. upAdhye dvArA sampAdita "pravacanasAra" kI bacI bhUmikA tathA paM0 jugalakizorajI mukhtArakI usakI samAlocanA (jaisimA0 mA0 3 0 53) dekhanA caahie| 1-pro. cakravatIne ina pallavavaMzake zivasvantakumAra nRpa batAyA hai| .. . -prasA* bhUmikA pR. 20 /

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ravina bhArata / [ isa samaya unake race hue nimnalikhita mise hai (1) dazabhaki, (2) vaMsapAhura, (3) vAripAra, (5) sugara, (5) koSapAhara, (6) mAvAhui (7) meksapAhura. (8)' ji . (9 sImA (10) *NamAra. (11) pArasa-pazu-' belA, (12) niyamasAra. (13, pAsA, (11) samaya sAra, (15) pcnmaar| zrI kundakandAcArya ke uparokta saba hI anya prAkRta bhASA ce gaye the aura digambara jaina saMgha liMga eka mamatya nidhi hai| kintu ina mAcAryane : tAmilabhASA meM bhI anyaracanA kI thI, kintu .. kheda hai ki isa samaya unakI koI mI tAmina-canA upalabdha nahIM hai| bhavattA tAmilo apUrva nItigraMtha 'kuka' ke viSayameM kahA jAtA hai ki vaha zrI kunkundAcAryako hI racanA hai| nAmila loga . isa mantrako sapanA 'veda' mAnane haiM aura vaha hai bhI sarvamAnya / zeva,.. vaiSNava, bhena, bauddha-saba hI umakI zikSA prabhAvita huye the aura saba hI use apanA pavitra grantha pragaTa karane hai; parantu vidvAnoMne gaharI zoSake pazcAt use zrI kundakundambAmIko / racanA ThaharAyA hai|' bana grantha * nIbesI' ke TI ume jaina graMthahI pragaTa karate hai| usapara karana meM nimnalindhita mI bAte haiM jo use sarvathA 1-sAI ,mA.1 pR040-43 | "Kural was certainly composed by a Jain."-Prof. M. S. Ramaswami lyengar, sis., I 89. 2- nIrA sITokA meM use 'mona' mata mArAveda' khaa|

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rammar eka anApAramA pravAhite (OP (paribora hI maMgalasile va te ho use banA aura bArako kodokomA mojapA ko na mAlA bnaa| gove bAni aura sAMketika mahasa khAtI pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| mAnAnaka 500 bAra nAmA eka mAsake tulyabasAyA hai| (jeza mA0 110 1-2) (2) pahale paricchedameM uparAnta eka sarvajJa paramezvara jisane kamoM para gamana kiyA (makarmisahayeginAna) aura jo bhAvi pulo taka jo na kisIse prema karatA hai aura na ghRNA evaM jo jitendriya hai, usakI baMdanA karanekA vidhAna hai| bena anyoM bhApta ho sAla batAye gaye hai unameM use sarvajJa-rAgadveSa gasti aura vItarAga khAsa rItise batAyA gayA hai| isa kAkA mAditIkara, mAdinAya yA RSamadeva mukhya bApta hai| isI liye cAsone unheM nAdi puruSa bhI kahA gayA hai| kurrarU' ke racayitA bhI unhIM smaraNa karate haiN| vaha sarvatra tIrthaMkara rUpameM jaba bihAra karate the taba deveMdra unake paga tale kamaloMkI racanA karatA jAtA thaa| aura yaha usapara gamana karate the| yaha vizeSatA jaina tIrthaharakI khAsa hai| 'kurala' kartA usakA ullekha karake apanA mata saSTa kara dete haiN| (1) bhAge isI paricchedaye 'kuraka' ke racayitA mahanta vA 1-Divinity in Jainism dekho|2-bishstr nAma dekho| 3- 29-25 //

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dakSiNa bhAratakA jaina-maMtra | [ 145. tIrtha bhagavAnakA smaraNa karake middha paramAtmAkA smaraNa karate haiM mora unheM maTaguNoMva bhimUna parabrahma (yaMga- nAthan batAte haiN| jaina graMthoM paramabrahma siddha paramAtmAko nimnalikhita aSTaguNama yukta banalbhayA gayA hai:- (1) khAmiyata (2) anaMtadarza, (3) Max319, (v.) aaaaatu, (14) qf<<1, (&) manigact, (7) jagUrulaghutva, (8) anyAvAcana anyatra paramAtmA baDa aTha guNa zAyada hI mile| * (4) tIsare pariccheda meM maMAsyAgI puruSoMkI mahimAkA varNana hai| usameM unako sarvasvakA tyAgI aura pAMcoM indriyoMko vazameM rakhakara tApasika jIvana vyatIta karanevAlA likhA hai / indriyaviSaya kramazaH zabda, sparza, rUpa, rasa aura gandha batAye haiN| sAtha hI sAdhu prakRti puruSoMhIko brAhmaNa kahA hai| jaina dharmameM sAdhu sarvasvatyAgI, indriya niroSI tapasvI kahA gayA hai| indriyoM kI saMkhyA nau unake viSaya bhI jaina mAnyatAnusAra haiN| khAsa bAta yaha hai ki aisA sAdhu jaina dRSTise eka saccA brAhmaNa hai / 6. kurala" meM yahI pragaTa ya gA (4) cauthe paricchedale dharmakA phala mokSa baura dharma apane manako pavitra rakhane meM batAyA hai| usase mAgAmI janmoMkA mArga banda hojAtA hai| 'bhAba gahuTa meM zrI indakundAcayene isI prakAra mana zuddhikA vidhAna kiyA hai| jaina siddhAMta meM pRthma- pApakA mApha manuSyake bhAvoMse hI kiyA jAtA hai| {-qaqw, ufw { q* 481 ? chuo w* {'go 401

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146) saMmiza aura bihAna / 6) pAMco paricche meM gRhastha jIvana ke nidevapApatiSisatkAra, bandhu-bAMdhavoM kI sahAyatA bhaura mAtmoti karanA bAdAma batAyA hai| magavat kuMdakuMdasvAmIne bhI devapUga karanA gaura dAna denA tathA jAtmonati karanA eka gRhasake liye pusvtaaye| (7) naI pariccheda gatithiko bhojana dene aura mehamAna dArIkA vidhAna hai| na hAsoMce gRhasva liye eka maga 'patiSi saMvidhAya' / (8) unIsave paricchedake aMtima padameM 'ku' manuSyako nija doSoMkI bAlocanA karanekA upadeza detA hai| banadharma meM pratyeka gRhaspake liye pratikamaNa-doSoM ke liye mAlocanAdi karanA lAjamI hai| (9) bIsave pariccheda chAyAkI taraha pApa-kamoko manuSya sAba lagA rahate aura sarvasva nAza karate batAyA hai mo sarvathA jaina mAnyatA anukUla hai| marane para bhI janmAntaroM taka pApa karma mRtAmAse mila rahakara usako kaSTakA kAraNa banane haiM, vaha mena mAnyatA sarvavidita hai| (10) pacIsaveM paricchedameM jaina sAmoMke sara hI nirAmina bhojanakA upadeza hai| yadi kurakhakA racayitA jaina na hokara vaidika brAmaNa azyA bauddha hotA to vaha isa prakAra sarvathA mAMsa-madirA tyAga karane kA upadeza nahIM de sakatA thA; kyoMki una logoM inakA sarvayA niSedha nhiiN| 1-tatvASirAma / 2-150, pR. 12-10 /

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dakSiNA saMgha / [ 140 (11) tIsaveM pariccheda meM mahilAko saba dharmope bheTakA bareM usake bAda satyako batAyA hai| jaina darzana meM bhI hiMsAkI vizeSatA hai| isI pariccheda baDahiMsAkA bhI niSedha hai| * (12) banIsarve pariccheda tyAgakA upadeza dene huye puruSako apane pAsa kucha bhI na rakhanekA vidhAna hai usake kie to vaha zarIra bhI anAvazyaka hai| mainadharma bhI to vahI kahatA hai| (13) lassIveM pariccheda meM kahA gayA hai ki u bamma kenese hI koI upA sajjana nahIM hojAtA aura janma se nIca honepara bhI jo nIca nahIM hai vaha nIca nahIM hoskte| jaina zAstroM baMda - pada para nahI upadeza bhaga milanA hai| bhagavata kundakundasvAmIne bhI isI bAta kA upadeza diyA hai| ' yaha evaM aisI hI anya bAteM isa bAtako pramANita karatI hai ki 'kurala' ke racayitA eka mainAcArya the, jinheM vidvajjana bhI kundakundAcArya batAte haiN| isa prakAra bhagavata kundakundake pavitra jIvanakI rUparekhA hai / unake pazcAt jaina saMbameM bhagavAn umAsvAtikA vizALa maura vizuddha mastitva mikatA hai, ma0 samAsyAti / jisa prakAra bhagavAn kundakundakI mAnyatA digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM 1- patitoddhAraka benadharma dekho / 2-videho maMdira navi va kulo pani banAi saMjutI / ko maMdiba guNahIno na ha sapanA jeba sAvano ho // 17 //

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148 ] . saMkSipta jaina itihAsa 4 sampradAyaka logone thI, usI prakAra bhagavan uma svAti bhI donoM mampradAyoM dvArA manya aura pUjya de / digambara jaina sAhityaba bhagavAn kun kuMkA vaMzaja pragaTa kiyA gayA hai aura unakA dusarA nAma gRccchi carya bhI likhA hai|' kintu unake gRhastha jIvana ke viSaya meM digambara zAstra mauna haiN| hAM, zvetAMbarIba ta cigama sUtra bhASya' meM umAsvAti mahArAja ke viSaya meM jo prazasti milatI hai, usase patA calatA hai ki unakA janma nyagrodhikA nAmaka sthAna meM huA thA aura unake pitA svAti aura mAtA vAtsI thiiN| unakA gotra kaumISaNi thA / unake dIkSAguru zramaNa ghoSanaMdi aura vidyAguru vAcakAcArya mUla nAmaka the| unhoMne isumapura nAmaka sthAna meM apanA prasiddha graMtha ' tatvArthAdhigama sutra ' racA thaa|' donoM hI saMpradAyoMmeM umAsvAtiko 'vAcaka' padavIse bhalaMkRta kiyA gayA hai| zvetAMbarodhI mAnyatA hai ki unhoMne pAMcasau graMtha race the maura 1- mA0 svAmI samantama pRSTha 144 evaM 'lokakArtika' kA kathana " etena guDa picchAcArya paryAdhuni sutreNa / vyabhicAritA nirastA prakRtasUtre // " ma* kuMdakuMdakA bhI eka nAma guDhapicchAcArya thA / zAyada yahI kAraNa haiM ki avaNavego kinhIM zilAlekhoM meM ma0 kuMdakuMda aura ma0 upasthItikoM eka hI vyakti gatI likha diyA hai| (ikA0 mA0 2 0 16) / 2-1200 1-888-748-424" Rapin

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dakSiNa mana-maM / 149 . isa mama nayAdhigara ki ' jnmd| mamAsa: pAraNa zrAvaka pramani. kSetravivAra, zamAna bhI. 1 // prAraNa' ma.ma. ko unakI racanA mAne haiM. pAnnu jAyaja prazama ti' ko ma0 umAkInanA honA zasya manAne hai| isameM na umAmsAni mAne samaya ke advitIya vidvAna the| manone jaina gamameM pamiddha maidAnika bagIla bhUgola mAvi viSayoM kA saMkSina saMgrAmane tathA dhagama meM 'ra diyA hai, yahI kAraNa hai ki inakA yaha prayarAja bAja"na bAiki" ke nAma pramita hai| yA saMskRta bhASa meM noMkIvarI sabame galI ballekhanIya racanA hai / isakI utAnA viSayameM kahA bAta ki mogsstt| gignigA (janAgada nApaba meM mAma anya dviva kulotpana. nAMvamata eka risara' nAmahA bina bhAbaka mata paa| usane darzanazAnavAgviANi mohamArga: ' mAmAko ume paripAli chodd'aa| eka mamama varga bhI gRha pasArya umAyAti nAma dhAraka bhAna ye vahAM paaye| unhoMne yaha saba dekha ra upame makamA jAr3a diyaa| miTama me jaba yaha mA to vaha una bhAvArya pAra bhAgA aura dera ra uname uma 'mosamAsa' ko bane liye prayAhumA / mAcArya " panto mama: minacaMdra muniH puna: ! kurakudamunIndromAsvAtivAcakasaMjito // " (banekAnana pR. 1.6 phuTanoTa ) 1-banekAnta, varSa 1 pR. 394 / 2-'satyavatIviSA -banekAnta varSa 1 pR. 27. /

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15.] saMkSita jaina itihAsa / mahAgajane kI yaha prArthanA mvIkAra kI kAra 'tatvAvadhimA stra' koca diyaa| * siddharapa' ke nimittama isa graMthagamale race janaka lamba saMbhavataH 'marvArthasiddhi' TI meM bhI hai| nissanha middhayyA nimitta racA huA yaha prasthAna siddhAMtakI namulya nidhi hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki uparAnta jainAcAryo ma. hamAsvAnika! mANa de hI sammAnanIya rItama kiyA aura une 'bhUtavAla dezIya ' evaM 'guNagaMbhIra ' bhI limbaa|' zrutasAgarajIne inakA bhutimadhura nAma umAsvAmI rakha diyA aura tabase disambara sIkA pracAra hogayA; parantu prAcIna digambara jaina graMthoMmeM unakA nAma umAsvAti milatA hai / ma0 umAsvAti saMbhavata: zrI kunda dAcArya ziSya the| isaliye evaM unakI saiddhAMtika vivecanA kIme, vimA sAmya yogasUtra' mAdise hai. spaSTa hai ki vaha IvI pahalI zatAna didana ye samayAnukUla bha0 umAyAti paznata ballekhanIya nAgAryako samaMmadambAmI hai| digambara dviAnoM zrI samantabhadra liye vaha stavanAI aura pramANabhUta hai| svaamii| pAntu vAmbara vidvAnoM ne bhI unakI pramANitA) khuke rise svIkAra 1-4.1, varSa 1 pR0 19. / 2-tatvamarthaka mumAsvAtimunI paraM / cutakevalidezIya vande'haM guNamaNim ||bnekaant pa. 395 3-banekAnta, pR. 269 / -pUrva pRSTha 189-391 /

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dakSiNa bhAratakA jain-sNp| [151 kiyA hai.' bhI zubhayAna yI 6 * bharatabhUSaNa ' kahA hai| zrI samara dI gRdha ke vi meM ! jAtA hai ki bahutakara unhoMne dakSaNa11-2 bazako bhane mame suzomita kiyA / yaha 2- unI ni' bhI mAtA nAma kyA ye; paraMtu yA jJAna hai 'kana ki phaNamAnAMtargata jaggaja n| :: . madrakA bAla jainadharmake dviAra 3 // meM lI : ma 2 - tuma :: ki nAma prasya na the| u gRzra meM patA kiyA nahI yaha gaTa na, kintu yahA ki vaha vAspakAmame kI naparma gaura jindA mana bhakta the na bana ko dhAya ANa ra diyA thaa| pumaTa una jimIkSA baraNa kA bhI maukI ( kAMjI3. ma / unI dharmayAda thaa| 'gajAlI the ' meM unakA :: bAra huna liyaa| unhoMne kahA ki "maiM pAMca nama madhu I " (cyA namATasis: ) nunklaa| paranaya pI / yaha spaSTa hai ki vaha mUlasaMtrA para jAna the| ma unako apana madhunameM ma dRsmada gega hogayA thaa| yaha manoM bhojana khA jAne the, maga tRmi nahIMnI yA mAvika zamana haraneka li unone pakavaNa mAsIkA bheSa dhAna kara diyA gaa|kaaNcii umamamama zivako nAmaka 'jA gaya gatA yA cora usakA bhImaniza' nAmaka zikSAlaya kaa| samantabhadrajI isI zivama pahuMce aura unhoMne gajAko apanA aDhAla banA piyaa| sabhAmA prasAra kiyA jivAvA / samantabahIne usase

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maMsima jaina itihAsa | 152 ] sArancha bhanI jaTha | ma zAnta kI ora bAhara mA rAjAko AnaMda diyaa| prasanna huA aura pratidina savA manakA mamanta-dvajI usake dvArA prasAda zivAke liye bhejane lgaa| bAnI vyAdhiko zamana karane he kintu jaba vyaghikA jora kama huA to upapAda kucha banane lgaa| udhara kucha loga unake biruddha ho rahe the unhoMne patA lagAkara rAja se zikAyata kara dI ki mahAgaja, yaha sadhu ziva kucha bhI prasAda arpaNa nahIM karatA, balki saba kucha svayaM svA jAtA hai aura zipa ke pAra kara soThA hai / rAjAke vismaya aura zeSakA ThikAnA na rhaa| usane zivAya mAkara -manabhadra yaha Agraha kiyA ki vaha prasAda zivajIko una sAmane svica aura zivapraNAma bhI kreN| sIliye yaha IkSAkA samaya tha'; kyoMki unhoMna ApaNa dhuka maMtra avazya dharaNa kiyA thAntu hRdayameM bahuranu bhabhyaktavI the / una romaroma jainaba samAyA huA thA ! ba. khiunhoMne hadamAka rAjAkI bAjJAko zirodhArya kiyA / bArapravAharu varSe unhoMne svayaMko racanA aura uccANa karanA zAna kiyaa| jisa samaya vaha draprana manvAnako rahe the, usa samaya zivaliGgameM candra-kI mUrti pragaTa huii| ima kadbhuta ghaTanA ko dekhakara saba hI loga jAzraryacakita hogyaM / rAjA zivakoTi japane choTe bhAI zivAyana sahita unake caraNoMmeM gira par3A aura bainadharma meM dIkSita huaa| usake sAtha usakI prajAkA bahubhAga bhI bainI hogayA thaa| jaba samatabadajIkA roga zAMta hogayA thaa| unhoMne apane gurUjI ke pAsa jAkara prAvadhita pUrvaka punaH dIkSA grahaNa kI baura vaha dharma

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dakSiNa bhAratakA jana sNgh| // babAra evaM karita meM nimtae / una para tapa taNA jyA jJAna dhyAna dvArA apAra zaktiko saMcaya kiyA thaa| kansara bhAcArya iye mora loga unheM binazAsanakA praNetA bane the| bena siddhAMnake marmajJa honeke mivAya para naI, pAraNa, ja, nakA. kAtyakoSAdi graMthoM meM pUrNa niSNAta the| vaha mamsanA, prAkRta. kanI, sAmika mAdi bhASAoM biThana the. pAtu unake nArA dakSiNa mAtameM saMskRta bhAgako jo pratenana aura protsAhana mikA kA vaha apUrva thaa| unakI vAdati mahinI : unAne bAra naMge po mora naMge badana dezakA chose upa chogtA dhUmakara mithyAvAdiyoM garva svasti kiyA / yaha mahAna yogI beko unako 'cAraNa Rddhi prAma thI, jisa kAraNa bara kA jIvoMko badhA pahuMcA binA kaseko mokI yAtrA zanAse bate the| evAra dara paTaka nagara (jila! matAga meM pahuMce moramAMka ganAsa apane bAra prayojanako prAra ne hue banoMne kahA thA ki:'pUrva pATaliputramadhyanagare bherI mayA tAhilA, pazcAtmAlavasindhuTakaviSaye kAMcIpurIdido / prApto'haM karahATaka bahumadaM vidhAvaTa saMkaTaM, padArthI vicarAmyahaM naravate zAla-vikrIDitaM / / isame praSTa hai ki karahATaka pahuMcaneme pAle pramaMtabhadrane jina dezoM savA nagaro bArake kiye bihAra kiyA thA unameM pATaliputra mAra, mAsa, siMdha,vya (paMjAba) deza, kAMcIpuramaura vaidika

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154 ] jina itihAsa | kA paricaya diyA pradhAna deza tathA janapada the| inameM unhoMne bAda karake dharmaprabhAvanAkA pracAra kiyA thaa| apanI lokahitakArI zakUgiMga dvArA unhoMne prANImAtrakA hita sAdhA thaa| kevala bANIse hI nahIM balki apanI lekhanI dvArA bhI unhoMne apanI lohitaiSiNI hai| unakI nimnalikhita apUrva racanAyeM batAI jAtI hai:1- mAtamImAMsA, 2 - yuktayanusana, 3- svayaMstotra, 8jinastuti zataka, 5- ratnakAMDaka upAsakAdhyayana, 6 - jIvasiddhi, tatvAnuzAsana, 8 - prakRta vyAkaraNa, 9 pramANapadArtha, 10-dharmaprAbhUta TIkA aura 11 - gandhahastimahAbhASya / kheda hai ki svAmI samaMtabhadrajIka aMtima jIvanakA ThIka patA nahIM calatA / paTTAbaliyoMse unakA astitva samaya san 138 30 pragaTa hotA hai| mama0 zrI narasiMhAcAryajAne bhI unheM IsvI dusarI zatAbdikA vidvAna isa apekSA batAyA hai ki aragolakI malli peNamazanameM unakA ullekha gaGgajaba saMsthApaka siMhanaMdi bAcArya se pahale huA hai, jinakA samaya I0 dusarI zatAbdikA aMtima mAga hai| isI parase svAmI samaMtabhadrajIko janma aura nidhana tithiyo kA maidAja lagAyA jAsakatA hai| : isa prakAra tatkAlIna dakSiNa bhAratIya jaina saMgha ke yaha camakate huye the| inake atirika zrI puSpadanta, munabaki, mAmanandi yadi mAcarya bhI ullekhanIya haiM; parantu unake viSaya meM kucha bhavika paricaya prApta nahIM hai / 1- vizeSa ke liye zrI jugalakizorabI mustAra "svAmI " aura " bIra " varSa 6 kA "

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0 kAmatAprasAdajI kRta aitihAsika granthabhagavAna mhaaviir| yA prA bhane jAvA kinne hai: nIya bora gAyatya Ina sajJa dinoM. 2 pa ya sa gayA hai| isameM vo bhagavAna vinA mAna bhagavana rupamA deva, neminAtha aura 14E hai : aMmeM yuddha, mahAvIra evaM mahAvIrakI vaijJatA pramANa sadiya va haiM . pR0 28. pakI jida 2) kacI jilda 1) bhagavAna paarshvnaath| meM bhagavAna na thaa| vistRta nasaH ganime batIya khojapUrNa jica gayA hai| nayA yaha miva yA : kima. vAmanAya aitihAmila the. ve jaina dharma sthApaka nahIM the| beva dharmakI prAcInata'. pugavI mAjhA, baida grantha, baMda, hindupugaNa, gamAvaNa, mahAbhArata, bhoga upaniSadoMmeM jainadharmakA ulaMya hai| isa andhakA bena bajainoM meM pracAra karanA yogya hai| 10 500 . ma 2) mainejara, digambara napustakAlaya-parata /

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pA0 kAmatAprasAdajI kRtabha0mahAvIra aura ma0 buddh| imameM bha0 mahAvIra aura mahAmA buddhakA tulanAtmaka paddhatime vivecana kiyA gayA hai / vo aura vRddhaka maMdakA jJAna prApta karanA ho to isa granthako mazya pdiye| pR0 272 ma0 1 // vIra paatthaavli| isameM bha0 ruSabhadera manaTa magna. gama-nakSmaNa, rugNa, nemi. gAya, bha0 pArzvanAtha. bhala mahAra. bhamraTa caMdragupta, vIra saMghakI bidupiyAM, bha0 kundakundAcArya mAmbAmI. mrAT khAravela. svAmI manamadra siddhAMta.. cakraniM macandrAcArya. bhaTTAralaM deva bAdike 20 enimAmi ca Nita kiye gaye haiN| pR0 125 malpa ) va vidyArthiyoM ko // * paMca-ratna / isameM mahArAja zreNiH pamrAT maha'nera kurUMgAdhIzvara naga bijanadeva ko nApane nAma se pAMca bArita usmAma dAse hai| mUlya 1-) + nava-ratna / hamameM bhariSTanemi. candragupta sAravesa, nAmuNDAva. mArasiMha, gaMgarAja, sAviSanve bora satI ganI aise 9 aitihAsika bani 1 / mUva) menejA, digammaranapulakAba-sarakha /

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bhAratIya zAlapITha anyAgAra kAryA pAdita lipikonI palikara kamAvAnI caahiye| - -

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